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Providing a guided survey of the most important works that have examined the relations between China and Southeast Asia, this six-volume collection is undoubtedly a key resource for those studying this fascinating field.
Volume V: The Republican Period and Southeast Asia (1912-1949). Author work 'The changing world order': Chapter 7 of "A Short History of China and Southeast Asia: Tribute, Trade and Influence". 2003; pp. 128-49; isbn 9781864489545 | <urn:uuid:a7298fad-5149-4979-8ae4-3c73981f8731> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:265472 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280899.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00576-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.84753 | 99 | 2.203125 | 2 |
Jan Plamper’s study is a commanding work of scholarship that tests many assumptions about the Stalin cult, places it in the context of modern authoritarian rule, and delves into extensive archival sources to examine its workings of the cult. His analysis of the cult’s evolution through a systematic reading of Pravda discloses the different personas Stalin assumed in the course of his rule as party leader, as father of peoples, as military leader, as generalissimo, and as just a nice man who loved little girls. Plamper denotes the shift from photographs to oil paintings as his favored genres. The painting portray him as a wise and noble agent of change, whose eyes look out into the distance and the future. Plamper’s chapters on the patronage and the process of criticism and approval of these paintings give a sense of the institutional realities and motivations of those involved in seeking his approval, though I share Joan Neuberger’s feelings that the “circular” analysis of the pictures is strained and unconvincing. His analysis of comment books makes it possible for him to reach interesting conclusions about popular reception, though ones that he admits are quite tentative. The books created a sense of participation and informed the authorities on technical matters such as how to arrange exhibitions and change guided tours. The comment book figured in a process of making the audience a “cult producer,” representing a “pseudodemocratic practice. Its main purpose became to show to the Soviet Union and to the world that Soviet art was produced by the people and for the people, and hence was `popular’ in both senses of the work. Reception turned into performance.”(213)
Like Polly Jones and Simonetta Falasca-Zamponi, I understand why Plamper avoids the problem of the genesis of the cult but also think that this leaves some basic issues unanswered. He does cite traditions of reverence of the image of the tsar, the influences of icons, and Byzantine roots but argues quite convincingly argues that these are overshadowed by the very modern nature of the cult, which might draw on these sources, but rather sparingly. He acknowledges the importance of the intelligentsia tradition of the discussion circle, the kruzhok, in the evolution of the intelligentsia, and the dominant images of the leader of the circle. But as David Brandenberg observes there is little evidence of such cult like worship of leaders in pre-revolutionary socialist organizations or thought. Indeed, both SRs and SDs were wary of strong assertive leadership as an aspect of despotic rule.
However, pre-revolutionary Russia political culture comprised other elements conducive to leadership worship—for example, the Jacobin tradition within populism going back to the revolutionaries of the sixties, Nechaev, the leaders of the People’s Will, and Peter Tkachev, and which was taken up by Lenin and placed in a Marxist context in What is to be Done? I am aware that the significance of this text has in recent decades been challenged by revisionist historians. But I remain convinced that its image of professional revolutionaries, guided by theory and revolutionary consciousness, who could lead and dictate to the masses, remained fundamental to Leninist practice. While the Bolsheviks certainly did mobilize the masses in 1917, this was under the leadership of professional revolutionaries in the party, and particularly Lenin as the decision overthrow the Provisional Government suggests. So that while Orthodox Marxism might dictate a modest leadership, Leninism certainly did not.
Of course, the role of personal leadership came out only after October, 1917, but when it did, its signs were unmistakable. As Olga Velikanova showed not only were efforts made to adulate Lenin, which he avoided, but from the start minor cults arose, around lesser leaders: the Gatchina area was named Trotsk, Ligovo, Uritsk after the Chairman of the Petrograd Cheka, Ashkabad, Poltoratsk after a Soviet leader of Turkmenistan.[i] These developments were an outcome of the devastation of the administrative structure and legal basis of the Russian state and the eradication of the nascent parties and political life of prerevolutionary Russia. In “Two Tactics of Social Democracy,” Lenin had introduced the principle of a revolutionary dictatorship of the proletariat and the peasantry based on an uprising of the masses, relying on armed force “and not on institutions of one kind or another and established in a ‘lawful’ or ‘peaceful’ way.’”
In this context, we witness an archaizing process that left the leadership with an inherited administrative system and practices and where the role of the ruler or leader had to compensate for the weaknesses of governmental institutions. A basic tenet of tsarist rule had been that the ruler stood above interests and could govern for the “general welfare.” The Bolsheviks restored this mental set, with theory guiding the state, now in the path to socialism.
While Plamper is quite right that Stalin did not appear in the guise of the tsar, for he was a modern leader, he nonetheless used some of the same institutions and practices. The political police made sure that no one contested the leadership role of the party. The “immodest modesty” of Stalin also resembled the conduct of several Russian tsars, who preferred not to exert their will openly, but waited till their servitors fathomed their wishes, or planted new ones in their minds.[ii] In this respect, I wonder whether the officials that enforced Stalin’s wishes followed a similar etiquette, and whether they followed the pattern that Ian Kershaw described as “going toward Hitler.” In this context, Stalin, like the tsars, ensured himself a freedom one might say capriciousness of decision, which must have infused all of the institutions and officials seeking to please him. Jan Plamper’s book, by delineating so carefully the mechanisms and functioning of the cult, and by analyzing its grotesque, phantasmagoric products, not only makes known its details and evolution, but suggests the magnitude of its unspeakable horror.
[i] Olga Velikanova, The Making of an Idol: On Uses of Lenin (Göttingen, Muster-Shmidt Verlag, 1996), 37.
[ii] See M. D. Dolbilov, “Rozhednie imperatorskikh reshenii: Monarkh, sovetnik i `vysochaishaia volia’ v Rossii XIXv.” Istoricheskie zapiski 9 (127), 2006, 5-48; Anatolii Viktorovich Remnev, Samoderzhavnoe Pravitel’stvo: Komitet Ministrov v sisteme vyschego upravlenia Rossiiskoi imperii (vtoraia polovina XIX—nachalo XX veka)( Moscow: Rossiiskaia politicheskaia entsiklopediia (ROSSPEN), 2010. | <urn:uuid:04c3b404-dfde-4ff2-972c-0b9d403bffd8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://russianhistoryblog.org/2012/03/the-stalin-cult-wortman/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00519-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954271 | 1,474 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Italy’s Second Economy: The Impact of Bangladeshi Migration
ROME, Sep 15 2016 (IPS) – Hardly a street can be found in Rome without a Bangladeshi-run mini-market. Much like the typical Italian coffee bars, they have now become an intrinsic part of Roman infrastructure.
So embedded have these “Bangladeshi mini-marts” become in the Italian capital, one would struggle to think as to how this wide chain of Bangladeshi businesses exploded across Rome and so rapidly became a vital component of the city’s amenities.
Proud Bangladeshi shop-owners supply customers with fruit and vegetables, basic groceries and toiletries, their bright “open” signs ever-present ,even on Sundays when the majority of Italian shops remain closed.
Through the buildup of these small businesses, Bangladeshi migrants have achieved what no other migrant community in Italy has: they have managed to take over a niche in Italy’s economy, attracting Bangladeshi and Italian customers alike, providing long opening hours, all year round.
Not only have they learned how to be successful in a foreign country, not to mention mastered a foreign language so far removed from their Sanskrit-rooted Bengali – they are also providing for their families in Bangladesh, sending remittance money home every month to support their relatives.
In most cases, the journey they must endure to arrive in Italy is risky as many travel as illegal immigrants. The life they live in their new home is a far cry from the idyllic image of Europe they are exposed to in Bangladesh. Oftentimes, their migration is met with economic hardship and suffering.
“I left because there is no work in Bangladesh”, Amit, a shop assistant in a southern district of Rome, explains. “My cousin told me of the employment opportunities in Italy and I didn’t hesitate to leave.”
Migration from Bangladesh has been ongoing since the country’s formation in 1971. The high oil prices in the 1970s boosted industrialization in the Middle East, and created a new migration system drawing mostly on north African and south and southeast Asian laborers.
Then as today, it is poverty and high unemployment which drive many Bangladeshis to migrate: “Male members are invariably expected to migrate to cities or overseas to uplift the family financially” Dr. Mizanur Rahman, senior research fellow in migration studies at the National University of Singapore, told Al Jazeera.
Over time, Bangladeshis began to migrate to Europe no longer wishing to withstand the harsh working conditions prevalent in the Middle East.
Within a few months, a small group of around 300 Bangladeshis living in Rome in late 1989 had increased its size by an estimated twenty-fold. Since then, the community grew even further as a direct result of undocumented migration.
By 2009, 11’000 Bangladeshi migrants were living in Italy on unverified documents, the Italian Bureau of Statistics (ISTAT) states. Newer estimates suggest that their number could now have risen to 70,000.
“I went through India, Thailand, Russia and Spain. At each airport, I paid approximately 150 Euro to officers in order to let me through. I was told by my sponsor that this form of bribery would always fare well in the airports of certain countries.” Amit says.
After Britain, Italy has the second largest Bangladeshi community in Europe, its residents counting up to 122,000.
In spite of no historical or cultural tie shared between Bangladesh and Italy, the presence of Bangladeshis in the South European country continues to grow at a steadfast pace.
The reasoning behind this mass migration can be considered as a process of globalization wherein ethnic communities establish themselves with growing rapidity in other parts of the world primarily triggered by the promise of economic opportunity.
Throughout the 20th century, a dire lack of opportunities in Italy led to the mass emigration of its people. A high number of Italians were obliged to search for better livlihoods abroad. As the primary focus rested on emigration, Italy paid little heed to the new phenomenon of immigration.
Consequently, no effective immigration policy was implemented until the 1980s and the regulation of foreign entry into the country only began in 1986.
In 1990, now more familiarized with the concept of immigration policy, Italy introduced the Martelli law which offered immigrants the opportunity to regularize their presence.
Under the Martelli law, 217,000 immigrants emerged from their illegal status and were permitted entry into the Italian labor market. The law stimulated migration into Italy, and enhanced family or kinship migration and opportunist migration.
Bangladeshis usually participate in the Italian economy in three ways: as employees, street-hawkers and entrepreneurs.
In Rome, they tend to work in the service industry or in construction. They often work as assistants on market stalls or as newspaper distributors. The street-hawkers who have become such a prominent feature on Roman streets sell a variety of wares such as lighters, tissues, car fresheners, flowers, toys or jewelry.
In many cases, the entrepreneurs open up mini-markets or internet cafés.
“I began my work in Italy as a street hawker selling small toys. Now I work in the store of my cousin, he runs the business”, Amit explains.
Amit’s dream is to save enough money in Rome with the hope of returning to his homeland. He believes with the money he earns abroad he can eventually lead a prosperous life in Bangladesh.
“A life better than the one I had before I came here”. Amit says.
However, the money Amit earns only partly goes into his savings. Like many other Bangladeshis, he sends some of it back to Bangladesh: “I send money home to my parents and my wife’s family every month.” he explains.
The Bangladeshi government, aware of the value of remittances sent by its people from abroad, encourages overseas workers to send the remittances through official channels. With this reasoning they established the Wage Earner’s Scheme (WES), which offers favorable exchange rates to Bangladeshis living abroad.
Bangladeshis have remitted nearly 1 billion dollars from Italy between 2000 and 2010, according to Bangladesh’s central bank.
Undoubtedly, the Bangladeshi community in Rome acts as a strong, united force. However, over the last few years, it has taken on a hierarchical structure, and it has become difficult for newcomers to establish themselves and get jobs outside of the submerged economy which mostly involves street vending.
“Because our community has grown so much, it has become very competitive. A lot of Bangladeshis have become envious of those who have set up businesses and eventually become successful like my cousin” Amit says.
Even though they both make enough money at the grocery store to help support their families, Amit and his wife do not envision a future in Rome.
“Schooling is too expensive here and we wouldn’t like our children to study in Italian.” Even if they could not return to Bangladesh as a family, Amit would send his children back home when they reach the age of five, so they could go to school in Bangladesh and study in English. For Amit and his wife, one thing is clear: “We will return home.”
Pictures for this story
This story includes downloadable print-quality images — Copyright IPS, to be used exclusively with this story. | <urn:uuid:1c4a4d8f-203f-4de5-9f44-a1595eaf6d47> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://icrowdnewswire.com/2016/09/17/italys-second-economy-impact-bangladeshi-migration/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00394-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968942 | 1,556 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Evans and Burnett realized that design theory could also be applied to people's lives. So they introduced a course at Stanford called, "Designing Your Life." After years of teaching this course to full classrooms, the profs decided to write a book, so that everyone could access this life-changing process.
I read this book three years ago, but have not yet worked through it with others. And that is the key ingredient to design: enlisting input from others. You see, the design process is a team effort. No one person invented the iPhone. It took a team. And it still takes a team to tweak it and update it.
With our own lives, others can see our blind spots. They can help us think outside the box. They can put pieces together that we overlooked.
So, I invite you to jump into this study with us at noon on Tuesdays, via Zoom.
Shoot me an email, if you would like to get in on it. firstname.lastname@example.org | <urn:uuid:b4f657b6-6cc5-47fa-8807-9ed256b661a3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dkbailey.blogspot.com/2020/04/designing-your-life.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.971775 | 214 | 1.585938 | 2 |
The Xin Hai Revolution, or the Hsin-hai Revolution, also known as the Revolution of 1911 or the Chinese Revolution, has overthrown China’s last imperial dynasty (Qing dynasty), and established the Republic of China (ROC). The revolution was named Xin Hai because it occurred in 1911, the year of the Xin Hai stem-branch in the sexagenarian cycle of the Chinese calendar. The newest museum that commemorates this important event in the history of the Chinese people is situated in Wuhan, in the Central China. Ten years after this extraordinary event, in 2009, in order to remind the victory of the revolution, the city administration of Wuhan, has decided to build a new museum, just in front of the old museum. The project was accomplished in 2011.
The museum is composed of a large hall, 5 classic exhibition rooms and one multimedia exhibition room. Among the themes of the exhibitions we could mention: The End of Qing Dynasty, The Preparation of the Revolution, The First Day of the Revolution, The Chinese Republic, The Country after 100 years. The museum has a rectangular shape, which gives an impression of solidity and rigidity. The material of the façade of the museum is GRC (GlassFiber Reinforced Cement), while the lateral walls are made of pieces of rocks and rock powder. This material is more ecological and lighter than the classical concrete. An Eco friendly technology, fit to local climate, was used. Central air-conditioner is powered by the frequency-conversion integrated refrigeration station. Here, the combination of maglev and all frequency conversion is the first in China and it has effectively reduced the energy consumption of the building. The refrigeration system in the building has further saved energy by 50% when compared to the published energy-saving standards.
Innovative Application of Digital Technology
The lateral wall on the north side of the Museum has an irregular polygonal shape and is composed of a diversity of triangle folded plates with different shapes and sizes. This complex spatial structure would be very hard to design with standard design methods and tools. The complexity of “3D space” created by the irregular shape was achieved by using 3D design software RHINO, REVIT, CATIA, NAVISWORKS and TEKLA and through the integration by BIM technology and accurate 3D positioning of each block.
This urban design masterpiece was created by CADI
Architect In Charge: Lu Xiaoming, Ye Wei
Design Team: Lu Xiaoming, Ye Wei, Guo Lei, Ding Mao, Li Mingyu, Cai Xiaopeng, Wen Siqing, Wang Xin, Shao Guofen, Zhang Hao, Hu Wenjin, Lei Jianping, Sun Yanbo, Liu Bin, Ou Yangjian
Area: 22138.0 sqm | <urn:uuid:7196e774-ad19-403d-9a43-c9b4715e4a42> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://homeworlddesign.com/revolutionary-building-china/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571869.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813021048-20220813051048-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.945036 | 584 | 2.96875 | 3 |
By Maximilian Clarke
A survey of small businesses, suggests that 7 in 10 business owners do not feel that the Government is doing enough to help them despite the fact that the ‘Start-up Britain’ initiative places start-ups and small firms at the heart of the UK’s economic recovery.
According to the research, commissioned by skilledpeople.com, small businesses want to see a range of changes to help them grow. Nearly half would like to see more flexible employment laws introduced; 38 per cent would like to see business rates reduced; 30per cent would like the Government to introduce lower levels of corporation tax, while 29 per cent of business owners want to see the Government provide tax breaks to employ unemployed people.
Staff shortage and employment difficulties repeatedly cropped up in the research findings. Of the 20 per cent of firms surveyed who indicated they had received an order or request for a short term project in the past year but had been concerned that their business would be unable to deliver, 80 per cent gave capacity issues or skills shortages as reasons for this.
Worryingly, many small businesses have limited ambition to win large contracts and compete against bigger companies. Around 27 per cent say they would not compete against a large competitor as ‘it’s not worth their time’ and 10 per cent cite skills gaps as the reason why they can’t compete effectively.
“With the economic clouds darkening once again, it is an urgent priority that Government supports the small business community by providing the tools and infrastructure to enable the enterprises to grow,” David Hiddleston, Chairman of skilledpeople.com.
The research was conducted by Opinium Research, who interviewed 311 UK small business (sole traders to businesses with up to 49 employees) owners, partners and senior decision makers.
Join us on | <urn:uuid:86d6cdfe-ad8f-4575-99e8-b3156195cc0a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.freshbusinessthinking.com/purpose/majority-of-small-firms-want-more-government-support/24209.article | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.972439 | 374 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Chance meeting inspires for life
Friday night I found myself at the public library and was lucky enough to stumble upon their exhibit of Native American culture.
The walls were filled with haunting artwork, interesting photographs, and there was even a table of free food. But by far the most interesting feature of the exhibit was the gentleman who was running the show.
Unfortunately, I never learned the man's name, and only talked to him for about 20 minutes, before a librarian poked her face in the door and asked: "Are you guys about ready to leave!?"
This man not only taught me a thing or two about the native culture -- which I suppose was his job -- but opened my eyes to a whole new way of thinking.
I've always been very interested in the wild, sublime culture of the 1960s-70s, and have lately taken an interest in the way people view the world by looking within themselves. I've been reading Huxley and Nietzsche and opening the portals to the soul and all that good Eastern stuff.
And even now, I hesitate to say there's anything wrong with those perspectives. I think there are places within ourselves that we haven't discovered, doors of perception that remain closed.
But the man I met on Friday night helped me realize that maybe we could save finding ourselves for our free time, and spend more of our time trying to help others. Because there are people, entire cultures, that need it.
I was appalled to learn some of the facts that he shared with me concerning the sad and tumultuous Native American history. The broken treaties, the steadily tightening Native American policies, the countless Medals of Honor handed out during the decades upon decades of Indian Wars, the unsuccessful 1972 coup of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
When I asked him if he thinks the situation has gotten any better in the past 50 years, his answer was vague, cryptic: "In some ways, yes; in other ways it's worse."
What most alarmed me about my friend in the library's words was that it wasn't even the so-called activists, but Richard Milhous Nixon himself -- that bull-headed crook and liar and symbol of the notorious White Power Structure -- who made the most progressive change.
President Nixon founded the Environmental Protection Agency, pulled America out of Vietnam, and, made perhaps more Native American-friendly legislation than any other single U.S. President.
So now I'm going to start considering myself an activist, because it hurts me to see people like Richard Milhous Nixon taking credit for all the good things happening in America, not the people.
I want to learn more about the world, our country, and public policy. Hit the streets, call for an end to our Vietnam, Iraq -- it's been far too long already. Rally for the oppressed and beaten-down and savaged upon, so that they too might hear the chimes of freedom ring. Ask myself: what is right and fair and good? What is wrong and needs to be changed? Where do I start?
Now that I chanced upon that man in the library, who told me in 20 minutes a wealth of information that I never learned in any classroom, I'm going to give it my all and do anything I can to make the world a better place.
Nathan Kitzmann is a junior at Detroit Lakes School. | <urn:uuid:23ed1fa7-fa4b-462d-b9c0-3f4f9db8aa93> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.dl-online.com/content/chance-meeting-inspires-life | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00037-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975394 | 686 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Co-production in social care: What it is and how to do it
Practice example: The Healthy Living Club
About the project
The Healthy Living Club in Lambeth, South London, is a self-directed, dementia-centred club based in, but independent of, an extra-care housing association. The club comprises people with dementia and their carers from across the borough, some of the residents from the building, volunteers and a part-time coordinator. They meet twice a week to take part in activities of their own choosing.
There is regular one-to-one contact between participants. This ensures that members' changing needs and preferences continuously influence what happens and are fed into the frequent meetings of the committee. This is an elected group of trustees, including people with dementia, carers, volunteers and some external people.
The club used to be a dementia café funded by the local primary care trust. The money ran out and it looked like the café would have to close. But the café's weekly meetings had been providing its 'users' with a strong sense of belonging to a community of which – they felt – they shared ownership. So they decided they would continue to meet and were supported by the coordinator, who agreed to work without pay until funding could be secured. So the community outlived the closure of the service.
It is now a vibrant place with everyone contributing to running the club and to all the decisions about how it is run, to the extent that they are able and willing to do so.
What has co-production meant to the project?
When those involved in the club heard about 'co-production', they realised that the term described exactly what they had been doing all along – with non-disabled people and people with dementia running the club together.
They have discovered that between them they have a range of talents and skills - from bid-writing for grants, to keeping the books, to information technology skills, to active listening, to music making, to planning meals – all of which can be used in running the club and its activities.
The club has actively built relationships with local and London organisations which are developing innovations in dementia. This has enabled them to pilot and develop their offerings at the club, which has benefited both parties. The club makes use of outreach activities from cultural bodies including the National Gallery, Royal Albert Hall and the Gardening Museum.Most recently a local person has volunteered to run a monthly ‘Crafternoon’ on Sundays, further extending the club’s activity into the quiet and often-lonely weekends.
What has helped in implementing a co-production approach?
When the club started, its only resource was its members, so working together was the only route to survival for former ‘staff’ and former ‘users’ alike.
Good contacts built in the wider local community have really helped too. A local professional who works as an Admiral nurse and as a trainer for Dementia UK is a regular volunteer and a Trustee. The Paxton Green Time Bank registers, checks and insures the volunteers, saving the club time and money.The most important factor, though, has been the enthusiasm and hard work of club members who have been determined to keep it going.
What difficulties have there been in implementing co-production?
At the beginning there was 'nothing' – no money to run the club and no legal status or organisation to raise the money. Members, although they wanted to continue, were surrounded by pessimism. Public officials and other potential sources of support were sceptical that a group of vulnerable adults and non-professionals could self-manage, and seemed reluctant to invest in supporting a project that – they felt – would be likely to run out of steam and fail.
These difficulties were overcome by establishing the club as a legal entity and as a registered charity. It has also been important to promote the work of the club to the wider community by various means – through social media in particular. This really helped the club gain credibility as a viable organisation in itself and as a model of co-production.The club has been very good at attracting small grants for new activities and its strategic aim now is to build up regular income to support its coordinator and core costs.
What are the main strengths of the approach that has been taken?
The club's main strength is that, being directed by the people who are also benefiting from it, it meets their needs very closely and can change as needs change.
Unlike services led by professionals, it provides people with dementia, their carers and other members of the community with more than just opportunities for active participation as either 'service users' or as volunteers. It provides them with an opportunity to self-determine, and even act as commissioners of the services they need.The high quality of the club’s output reflects the high calibre and regular commitment of a strong core of volunteers. Some were already skilled and experienced when they started working with the club, while others have developed within the club and through training provided.
What have been the main outcomes of the project?
The two main outcomes are:
- The strong sense among members of belonging to a community, one in which dementia is normal, rather than the isolation which many would otherwise experience.
- The club has become a community hub, bringing together extra-care residents with vulnerable adults who live alone or in other settings in Lambeth. It brings life to the setting and enables friendships to develop.
There have been two evaluations of the club. A specialist consultant looked at outcomes for individuals using a ‘dementia mapping’ methodology. This involved a systematic recording of individuals’ mood, behaviour and responses during their participation at the club. They reported: ‘…never before have I witnessed so many people living with dementia have such levels of mood and engagement for such sustained period of time, while in a group session together’.The Health Innovation Network South London evaluated the social return on investment (SROI) of our Wednesday Club in comparison with dementia peer-support projects in two other boroughs. The authors concluded that the £30,784 of funding that the club receives each year translates to £506,094 in annual ‘social value’.
How has the project worked to engage all sections of the community?
Lambeth is very mixed in terms of social class, ethnicity and cultures and this diversity is reflected in the club's membership, and in the sharing of experiences and memories from around the world.
Cooperative working relationships with other charities has resulted in local young people becoming involved in intergenerational projects and as volunteers.
What advice would the project give to others?
- Take advantage of the assets and resources of everyone taking part, then everyone will rightly feel they are making a contribution.
- Make purposeful links with professional and community groups.
- Share the knowledge and experience of co-production with other groups.
All SCIE resources are free to download, however to access some of the following downloads you will need a free MySCIE account:
- Co-production in social care: What it is and how to do it (Guide)
- Co-production in social care: What it is and how to do it (Easy read) | <urn:uuid:70516690-965c-4714-9eb0-4509625ddd6e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.scie.org.uk/publications/guides/guide51/practice-examples/healthy-living-club.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00322-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976098 | 1,493 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Dec. 15, 1999
KALAMAZOO -- A two-month grant total that reached nearly $18 million and was marked by support for Western Michigan University's instructional and research technology infrastructure was reported to the WMU Board of Trustees at its Dec. 10 meeting.
The grant total for September and October hit $17,668,240, pushing the year-to-date total of grants received since the July 1 start of the fiscal year to $19,144,229.
"This has been a phenomenally successful grant period for the University, primarily because of the infusion of technology into our academic programs by both public and private entities," said Dr. Donald E. Thompson, vice president for research and dean of the Graduate College, in his report to the board. "Just three of those awards that will bring cutting-edge technology and new research capabilities to our classrooms and faculty research programs account for $13.5 million of this two-month total."
Those three major grants include an award for software products valued at $8.96 million from Tecnomatix Technologies Inc. of Novi, Mich., an international supplier of manufacturing systems software for many of the world's leading automotive, aerospace and electronics firms. The award will put 30 workstations of the firm's leading products in WMU engineering labs for student instruction and faculty research. Dr. Tarun Gupta, associate professor of industrial and manufacturing engineering, is heading that initiative.
Two separate grants totaling $3 million from Engineering Methods Inc. of Cincinnati will provide site licenses for a College of Engineering and Applied Sciences training center. That center will provide instruction on the use of ANSYS/Multiphysics software, which offers structural, dynamic, buckling, thermal and fluid dynamic analysis. Dr. Jorge Rodriguez, assistant professor of industrial and manufacturing engineering, is directing that effort.
A $1.65 million award from the Battle Creek Tax Increment Finance Authority will be used to bring a state-of-the-art, 737-type flight simulator to WMU's College of Aviation facilities in the spring. The previously announced award is being used by the college to purchase a six-axis flight simulator from Frasca International Inc. of Urbana, Ill. The simulator will be used to offer jet orientation courses to WMU aviation students and cadets in the college's International Pilot Training Centre. The simulator also will allow faculty members to pursue human factors research that examines aviation crew management and safety issues.
A number of other major awards in the areas of instruction and research also were responsible for the large two-month total.
A $1,229,184 award from Emirates Airlines to the International Pilot Training Centre will complete that airlines first contract with WMU for cadet pilot training. A class of cadets, the fourth sent to the University by the airline under the contract, will arrive in January for training.
Two grants totaling $858,448 to Dr. Christian Hirsch, professor of mathematics and statistics, will continue his work in the mathematics reform arena. A $658,448 award from the National Science Foundation will fund the final development and evaluation of the Core-Plus Mathematics Project high school curriculum that has been in development at WMU under Hirsch's direction since 1992. A $200,000 award from Ithaca (N.Y.) College will support a project to create an implementation structure in secondary schools that will support five national, comprehensive mathematics curriculum projects.
A $312,380 award from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to Dr. Gyula Ficsor professor of biological sciences and Dr. Leonard Ginsberg, associate dean of the College of Arts and Sciences, will fund an effort to identify motivated, but underrepresented minority students in high schools and community colleges and encourage them to prepare for careers in biomedical research.
A $225,000 award from the U.S. Department of Justice to the Department of Public Safety will allow the University to hire three new community policing officers through a program designed to provide community policing funds for municipalities around the nation. The three new officers will join one current community policing officer at WMU in the effort to use problem-solving tactics and partnerships with the community to reduce the causes and fear of crime.
Among other notable grants also on the report was a three-year $107,343 Academic Research Enhancement Award from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to Dr. David S. Reinhold, assistant professor of chemistry. The award, made through HHS's National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, will allow Reinhold to further study his earlier findings about the effect of multiple carcinogens on human cells. He will study the biochemical mechanisms that result in fewer DNA mutations in human cells treated with multiple carcinogens than those cells treated with just one carcinogen.
An $74,798 award from the Michigan Department of Education will fund a study of Michigan's charter schools that is a follow-up to the study completed last March by Dr. Jerry Horn and Dr. Gary Miron, principal research associates in WMU's Evaluation Center. The new study will focus on issues the pair uncovered in their original statewide original study--the most comprehensive Michigan charter school study to date.
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The aim of this assessment is to understand the needs that members of the Ministry of Industry and Commerce (MIC) in Zimbabwe have in terms of accessing research information, and evaluating and using it. The information collected will form the basis for content development of VakaYiko Evidence-Informed Policy Making (EIPM) courses in Zimbabwe which will be delivered for staff in the Ministry for Industry and Commerce and the Ministry of Youth, Indigenisation and Economic Empowerment as well as the Parliament in 2014 and 2015.
The needs assessment was conducted at the end of a sensitization workshop in November 2013 in which participants from the Ministry of Industry and Commerce (MIC) familiarized themselves with the concept of EIPM. Overall, the participants correspond to the targeted participants for the EIPM courses in the MIC. This is because the sample represents a good mix of staff from different hierarchy levels, departments, roles and job functions.
The assessment consists of two parts:
- First, a problem tree analysis was used as a brainstorming tool to assist a participative analysis of the existing research-policy situation, identifying major problems and main causal relationships.
- Secondly, participants filled out a survey that comprised open-ended and multiple-choice questions to assess knowledge and capacities on EIPM, sourcing information for policy making and understanding of research methods.
The problem tree group exercise proved that participants are aware of the need of using evidence in the policy-making process and potential causes that prevent its use. While participants knew about the importance of EIPM, the survey did identify knowledge gaps, especially in the field of research methods and the evaluation of information sources. These gaps correspond to the self-identified capacity gaps in the group exercise and self-assessed needs in the survey. These self-identified capacity gaps go even further, mentioning a variety of needs in data collection, analysis of data and research and communication. The motivation for training on EIPM was widely expressed in the survey, as well as the group discussion.
ZeipNET; INASP. Needs Assessment: Evidence-Informed Policy Making Course in the Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Zimbabwe. INASP, Oxford, UK (2014) 5 pp. | <urn:uuid:8a26636b-6c18-437d-becb-ac3521fd6530> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.gov.uk/dfid-research-outputs/needs-assessment-evidence-informed-policy-making-course-in-the-ministry-of-industry-and-commerce-zimbabwe | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721387.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00447-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935949 | 450 | 1.976563 | 2 |
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Damit and Damit
Damit can mean two different things : 'so dass' (if it is stressed on the last syllable: 'daMIT') et 'mit dieser Sache' (if it is stressed on the first syllable: 'DAmit').
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Understanding the Relationship Between Maternal Role Modeling and Degree Attainment by Gender Abstract
This paper seeks to examine the relationship between parental role models on educational achievement. The aim is to understand how a mother’s educational attainment (in terms of highest degree attained) affects the child’s own educational achievement when taking into account sex. More simply, does a mother’s education more closely relate to that of their daughter or of their son? The findings of this paper suggest a slightly stronger positive relationship between mother’s degree attainment and respondent’s degree attainment for females than for males. Despite this finding, degree attainment is only one measure of maternal role modeling and to complete a full analysis of this phenomenon, more indicators would need to be taken into account (such as maternal income, self-esteem, political attitudes and views, etc). In addition, it may be valuable in the future to contrast the association of maternal role modeling with the phenomena of paternal role modeling. More than anything else, this paper serves as a blue print for future studies in this vein of research and as a preliminary exploration.
In his book, The Pecking Order: Which Siblings Succeed and Why, Dalton Conley conjectures that the following:
“...in families where the mother worked while her children were growing up, her adult daughters and sons attain jobs that are more equitable in terms of prestige. But in cases where the mother did not work - and therefore daughters lacked a direct, same-sex parental role model in the world of careers - sisters fare considerably worse than their brothers: my data show that women whose mothers did not work outside the home when they were growing up are 15 percent less likely to have graduated from college than their brothers were; this statistic stands in contrast to a statistically insignificant 5 percent difference between sisters and
brothers in families where the mother did work outside the home for at least a year during their childhood.”1
Taking Conley’s insight a step further, in this paper I seek to examine whether or not daughters or sons are more influenced by maternal role modeling in education. More clearly, I want to understand whether: 1) there is a relationship between maternal degree attainment and respondent degree attainment, and 2) the association is stronger for males or females. Following along Conley’s line of thought, I hypothesize that daughters will be more influenced by their mothers in terms of educational attainment than sons will be. The reasoning behind this is because so many of the roles that make up contemporary American society are associated with gender, and gender role modeling by parents is an extremely large part of familial life. Thus, we can expect a female’s depth of education to be more closely related to their mother’s than a male’s would be. One issue that may be raised is as to whether or not the respondent lived with their mother during their youth. Clearly, if a respondent that is male did not live with his mother as a child, then he would seem to be less likely to follow her role model. However, because this variable is being measured in very broad terms (by general degree level attained) and not specifically (such as number of years of education), and because all respondents whose data is used in this survey knew the education level of their mother, it can be assumed that parent of residence is not an issue. More plainly, because this project deals with large categories (such as College, Graduate School, High school, etc.), these categories allow for relatively broad responses. Thus, even if a son did not live with his
Conley, Dalton. The Pecking Order: Which Siblings Succeed and Why. Pantheon Publishing: New York, 2004.
mother and thus did not complete exactly the same number of years of school as she did (i.e. 14 versus 15), they both would still likely fit in the same category of Jr. College. The goal of this specific point of discussion is simply to show how the use of degree categories as opposed to a more finely tuned measure, such as years of education, helps to mitigate some issues that may arise had a more precise measurement been applied. For the case of this study the broad categories of degree attained are seen as desirable characteristics of the data.
The 2002 survey is one in a series of the larger General Social Survey (GSS) project, which began in 1972 and was conducted 1973-1978, 1980, and 1982, 1983-1993, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2002, and 2004 by the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago. In addition to the standard demographic questions, such as race, gender, income, etc., which are asked of respondents, each year, the survey also has a unique, rotating set of questions known as topical modules. These inquiries range from feelings on classical music and attendance at cultural events, to political attitudes and viewpoints. Questions that were asked on the 1973 and 1975 surveys are replicated precisely in order to allow longitudinal studies. In 1994, the study became biennial, and the number of respondents increased from 1500 to 3000. Also, every year the GSS utilizes experimental questions to examine wording effects, contextual differences, and differentiated response scales. The overall goal of the GSS is to gather data on social trends, attitudes, and behavior in American society. It primarily is used to assess ongoing processes, and thus the findings are usually longitudinal in nature. The
study surveys all non-institutionalized household adults; this excludes those in college dorms and nursing/assisted living communities. The only other data source used more by sociologists is the U.S. Census.2 The response rate for the 2002 GSS was 70%, and 2765 English-speaking Americans over the age of 18 participated. All respondents were interviewed in person during 90-minute sessions in February, March, and April of 2002. The 2002 survey is subject to the post-1994 changes, which included a significant reduction in the number of core demographic questions asked, as well as the aforementioned biennial format that also included a split sample design. This split sample design involves two parallel samples of approximately 1500 respondents each; all respondents are asked the same core demographic questions however, each sub-sample differs on which topical module it is subjected to. The 2002 survey was the first year in which the interviewer was aided by a computer; in prior years, a pencil and paper were used to gather responses.3
As previously mentioned, three variables – respondent’s highest degree, mother’s highest degree, and respondent’s sex – are utilized in examining the research question of this paper. Both of the degree oriented questions were asked in a similar manner, however, each will be examined separately. First, in measuring the highest degreed obtained by the respondent, the researcher first asked, “Do you have any college degrees?” If the respondent answered yes, then the
“General Social Survey Background.” National Opinion Research Center. University of Chicago. (http://www.norc.uchicago.edu/projects/gensoc.asp) 3 “General Social Survey 2002 [United States]: Codebook.” Cultural Policy and the Arts National Data Archive. Princeton University. (http://www.cpanda.org/codebookDB/stdydscr.jsp?id=a00079)
researcher asked “What degree or degrees?” There were effectively five categories for responses: Less than High School, High School, Junior College, Bachelor, and Graduate. A sixth category was “Don’t Know”. In most cases, it can be assumed that the “Don’t Know” category is not generally applicable in the case of the respondent as all but five respondents knew their own degree attainment; however this is a more important category when dealing with the parental degree attainment.4 The variable of mother’s degree attainment was obtained by asking, “Does she have any college degrees?” Again, if the response was yes, then the interviewer asked, “What degree or degrees?” The response categories were the same as asking about the respondent’s education: Less than High School, High School, Junior College, Bachelor, and Graduate. There were a much larger number of omitted or “Don’t Know” responses (288) on this question than on asking the respondent’s degree. However, in spite of these non-responses there are still 2477 units of data available for analysis, making the sample statistically valid.5 The final variable to be measured is the sex of the respondent. This was coded by the researcher and was present on every data item. There should be no issue in using this variable as it is clear, precise, and fully accounted for among all respondents.
Effect of Mother’s Degree Attainment on Respondent’s Degree Attainment Upon analyzing the data we must first examine the basic relationship between mother’s highest degree and respondent’s highest degree. The results of a cross tabulation
“GSS 1972-2002 Cumulative Data File.” Survey Documentation and Analysis – General Social Survey. University of California, Berkeley. (http://sda.berkeley.edu:7502/D3/GSS02/Doc/gs02.htm) 5 Ibid.
of these two variables is seen in Table A. In this table we can see that generally speaking, as the degree attained by the mother increases, so too does the degree earned by the respondent. Thus, it seems that mother’s degree attainment has a positive relationship with respondent degree attainment. In addition, we can see that if you compare the corresponding groups of the rows and columns for degree (meaning you look at <High School for three mother and <High School for the respondent, High School for the mother and High School for the respondent, and so on) then these cells always have the highest percentages by columns. Though not direct evidence, or even extremely applicable this only further supports the relatively strong, positive association between respondent’s mother’s degree and respondent’s degree attainment. Table A – Maternal Degree Attainment vs. Respondent Degree Attainment
Mother's Highest Education <High School High School Jr. College Bachelor Graduate Total (N) <High School 27.25% 6.83% 3.36% 2.86% 2.50% 312 High School 54.24% 58.03% 43.70% 39.05% 36.25% 1333 Jr. College 5.66% 8.30% 16.81% 4.29% 8.75% 187 Bachelor 8.35% 18.62% 24.37% 32.86% 28.75% 426 Graduate 4.50% 8.22% 11.76% 20.95% 23.75% 218 Total (N) 778 1289 119 210 80 2476
Based on calculations ascertained from this table, we can also derive a statistic that helps to more clearly quantify the association between the variables. For this table, that statistic is 0.4623 on a scale of -1 to +1. The closer to negative one the statistic is, the greater the negative association and the closer to +1 the statistic is, the greater the positive association is; a value near zero indicates no relationship of association. Thus, in this case, the statistic of 0.4623 indicates a relatively strong positive association between mother’s degree and respondent’s degree. Furthermore, we can say that the true level of association between the two variables lies between 0.41526 and 0.50934, 95 percent of the time. This
means that it is very clear, and that we are very confident that there is relatively strong positive association between the two. Finally, on this point, we can also say that there is less than a 1/10 of one percent chance that the value of the association is not correct, again confirming the very strong evidence in favor of a relatively strong positive association.
Interaction Effect of Sex on Mother/Respondent Degree Relationship Beyond the basic relationship of mother’s degree and respondent’s degree, it is valuable to understand how the gender of the respondent affects this relationship. Table B – Maternal Degree Attainment vs. Respondent Degree Attainment for Males
Mother's Highest Education <High School High School Jr. College Bachelor Graduate Total (N) <High School 27.88% 9.45% 1.72% 3.64% 2.50% 148 High School 51.60% 57.04% 43.10% 33.64% 40.00% 571 Jr. College 4.49% 8.25% 18.97% 3.64% 12.50% 82 Bachelor 11.54% 16.15% 18.97% 37.27% 22.50% 191 Graduate 4.49% 9.11% 17.24% 21.82% 22.50% 110 Total (N) 312 582 58 110 40 1102
The first cross tabulation, Table B, illustrates the relationship of mother’s degree and respondent’s degree for males. From this table, we can see that again there is a positive relationship between degree attainment by mother and degree attainment for the respondent, because as mother’s degree increases, there is also a trend for the respondent’s degree to increase. And again, as in Table A, the corresponding degree cells (meaning Jr. College for mother and Jr. College for Respondent, etc.) are home to the largest column percentages of respondents. This indicates that among all of the males who have attended Jr. College, the greatest number of them had mothers who also attended Jr. College.
Table C – Maternal Degree Attainment vs. Respondent Degree Attainment for Females
Mother's Highest Education <High School High School Jr. College Bachelor Graduate Total (N)
<High School 26.82% 4.67% 4.92% 2.00% 2.50% 164
High School 56.01% 58.84% 44.26% 45.00% 32.50% 762
Jr. College 6.44% 8.35% 14.75% 5.00% 5.00% 105
Bachelor 6.22% 20.65% 29.51% 28.00% 35.00% 235
Graduate 4.51% 7.50% 6.56% 20.00% 25.00% 108
Total (N) 466 707 61 100 40 1374
Table C, which is shown above, is a cross tabulation of the degree attained by the mother and that of the respondent for females. Again it is clear that there is a positive relationship between higher degree attainment for mothers and higher degree attainment for the respondent. However, in this case, unlike the previous two tables, the highest percentages by column are not always located in the corresponding degree cells (i.e. Bachelor for mother and Bachelor for respondent). Still, there is again a noticeable positive relationship between the two variables, where an increase in mother’s degree leads to an increase in respondent’s degree as well. Beyond simple table comparison, the aforementioned association statistic for each of these respective tables provides a valuable tool for further understanding the association. For Table B (males), the association statistic is 0.4329, again indicating a relatively strong positive relationship between the two variables, though less so then in the aggregate data presented in Table A (which had a value of 0.4623). In this case, we can say with 95 percent confidence that the value of the statistic for Table B lies between 0.3643 and 0.5015. In addition, we can again say that there is less than a 1/10 of one percent chance that the value of the association is not correct. In analyzing the same thing for Table C (females), we arrive at an association statistic value of 0.4899. We can say that 95 percent of the time, the true value of the association will lie between 0.42718 and 0.55262.
For this table, we can also say that there is a less than 1/10 in one percent chance that the association statistic is incorrect. Overall, in comparing the association statistics of both tables, we can see that there is a stronger association in mother’s degree and respondent’s degree among females than there is among males. Also, the association among males is less than the association for the aggregate table (Table A). Because each of the association values is statistically significant, we can say with confidence that these associations are in fact true. Thus, it is clear that there is an interaction effect present here, as mother’s degree attainment has a stronger relationship with daughter’s degree attainment than it does with son’s degree attainment.
Based on the findings after analyzing the data, my hypothesis that maternal degree attainment is more associated with respondent’s degree attainment for daughters than for sons appears to be substantiated. There seems to be a clear (though relatively small) difference in the degree of association between the two degree variables when taking into account the sex of the respondent, with a higher association level being correlated with being female than with being male. Though degree attainment is only one variable measuring parental role modeling, it can serve as a good beginning point for further research in this area. In the future, and to more fully develop this vein of research it would be valuable to examine this phenomenon of maternal role-modeling as it is manifested in other variables, such as income, political attitudes, type of work, size of family, etc. In other words, do daughters also model their
mothers more closely than sons do in their career path, family size, etc? Through further examination, we can better understand whether maternal role modeling is present only in education or elsewhere as well. In addition to examining maternal role modeling, it would be valuable to understand how this phenomenon contrasts with that of paternal role modeling for sons. Do daughters and sons have similar association statistics with their same-sex parents, or do they differ? Even if one were not to completely examine parental role modeling, a basic comparison would be valuable. One issue that would need to be dealt with is only selecting respondents who lived with both parents, as otherwise the data could potentially be easily thrown out as invalid. In the future, I hope to be able to add a question like this to my analysis. Overall, this project has provided a nice stepping stone for further research into familial relationships and gender role modeling. The affirmation of the hypothesis with statistically significant findings provides positive evidence that further research in related areas might lead to similar results, which in turn would allow for greater understanding into the dynamics within families as well as society as a whole. This has been an extremely worthwhile and engaging exercise and I have learned a great deal about the topic as well as statistics as a whole.
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Marijuana is an addictive psychoactive drug that causes a pleasanteuphoric feeling, and heightened sensory perception. It affects the brain by impairing the development of cognition, learning, neuro-transmissions and memory. Long-term use of marijuana causes structural brain damage and increases the risk of developing brain disorders such as schizophrenia, psychosis, anxiety, depression and others. Marijuana also affects the respiratory system causing infections and pneumonia, and causes a rapid heart rate.
Marijuana contains the compound tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) which causes addiction to the drug. Marijuana that has been confiscated by law enforcement has been shown to be much more potent than before. The newer strains have higher amounts of THC in them, creating a greater risk for addiction. Sinsemilla is a new, specially grown female marijuana plant with a much higher potency. In the 1990’s, confiscated marijuana contained 3.7% of THC and sinsemilla contained 7.5%. In 2013, confiscated marijuana contained 9.6% THC and sinsemilla contained 16%. Hash oil which is extracted from the marijuana plant, has a high THC content and can be eaten or smoked. Hash oil contains about 50% THC content, and some confiscated extracts contained over 80%. Addiction to marijuana is becoming easier with these new strains.
The long-term effects of marijuana with higher THC content have not yet been determined. Researchers do not know how it will affect the brain and body. Hospital emergency rooms are reporting an increase of visits among people who are using high potency marijuana.
Marijuana Withdrawal and Recovery
The withdrawal symptoms of marijuana can be both physical and psychological. The withdrawal process begins by having the marijuana removed from the body. The THC compound in the marijuana is stored in the fat cells of the body and may take months before it is releasedout of the body. Crash dieting and major weight loss will release the THC from the body sooner, but this is not recommended.
Marijuana withdrawal symptoms have a wide range and may include: loss of concentration, insomnia, depression, fatigue, irritability, anxiety, anger, fever, chills, fear, nightmares, vivid dreams, fluctuating libido, euphoria, sweating, shaking, headache, restlessness, reduced appetite, abdominal pain and emotional jags.
Recovery involves many different modalities. Psychological and group therapy will help you stay mentally strong and focused on getting well. Holistic therapies run the gamut from: soaking in a hot bath, reducing or eliminating caffeine, getting plenty of rest, listening to relaxing music, doing exercise or yoga, playing games or sports, reading a book etc. Whatever brings peace and pleasure should be added to the recovery list of things to do.
Addiction usually causes dehydration in the body but it can be reversed by drinking lots of fluids and adding potassium to the diet. Some foods that contain potassium are: green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, tomatoes, bananas and melon. Good nutritious food and vitamin/mineral supplements will help the body and mind heal faster.
If you or a loved one needs help with abuse and/or treatment, please call the White Sands Treatment Center at (877) 556-9584. Our addiction specialists can assess your recovery needs and help you get the addiction treatment that provides the best chance for your long-term recovery. | <urn:uuid:e33ce576-ee15-4cac-bc4f-84708d89add3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.whitesandstreatment.com/2016/07/08/marijuana-withdrawal/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00483-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932573 | 677 | 2.609375 | 3 |
WASHINGTON (AP) — The House voted Tuesday to end per-country caps on worker-based immigration visas, a move that should benefit skilled Indian and Chinese residents seeking to stay in the United States and the high-tech companies who hire them.
The legislation, which passed 389-15, was a rare example of bipartisan accord on immigration, an issue that largely has been avoided during the current session of Congress because of the political sensitivities involved.
The measure would eliminate the current law that says employment-based visas to any one country can't exceed 7 percent of the total number of such visas given out. Instead, permanent residence visas or green cards would be handled on a first-come, first-served basis. Similar legislation is pending in the Senate.
The bill, said its sponsor, Rep. Jason Chaffetz, R-Utah, "does encourage high-skilled immigrants who were educated in the U.S. to stay and help build our economy rather than using the skills they learned here to aid our competitor nations."
Currently, the State Department issues about 140,000 such green cards a year to foreign nationals working in the United States, often after getting degrees from U.S. universities.
The bill also changes family-based visa limits from 7 percent per country to 15 percent per country, an adjustment that could slightly ease the backlog for naturalized citizens, particularly from Mexico and the Philippines, trying to bring relatives into the country.
The Obama administration in its first two years failed in several major efforts to change immigration law, and this year the issue has largely been off the table, with Republicans making clear that anything suggesting amnesty for those in the country illegally would be rejected.
The Chaffetz bill does not change the number of visas being issued, and groups representing immigrants said the bill would do little to resolve pressing immigration issues. However, they applauded Congress for showing it can act.
Ali Noorani, executive director of the National Immigration Forum, said that while the bill won't bring significant changes, "we think this is a positive step forward." He said it was a good sign that "Republicans and Democrats are actually working on solutions."
Crystal Williams, executive director of the American Immigration Lawyers Association, said the measure "makes the system a tiny bit fairer" and does "demonstrate that Congress can do something on immigration, however small."
She cited estimates that while someone from England might wait two or three years for a green card, an Indian could conceivably be on the waiting list for decades.
Still, because there will be no increase in visas issued, there will be losers. Hosin "David" Lee, president of the Korean-American Scientists and Engineers Association, said the bill would force engineers from South Korea to wait an additional two years in their immigration process to get green cards.
But Compete America, a group representing high-tech companies such as Google and Microsoft Corp. and research institutes, said the bill would correct a problem in which Greenland is subject to the same 7 percent cap as large countries such as India and China, which account for more than 40 percent of the world's population.
The lengthy waiting periods for people trained and working in the United States "are contributing to a reverse brain drain in the U.S. as frustrated professionals opt to return to their home countries to pursue their professional ambitions," Kevin Richards, senior vice president of Tech America, which represents the technology industry, said in a letter to lawmakers.
U.S. employers are prohibited under law from hiring foreign workers unless they show there are not sufficient U.S. workers willing and able to take the jobs. | <urn:uuid:e35881a3-9255-4277-a842-2dbecb63d25d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/house-votes-end-country-limits-worker-visas | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00540-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968807 | 738 | 1.84375 | 2 |
Moving Your Kindergarten into Web 2.0 with 5 Different Tools (by Özge Karaoğlu Ergen)
“If we teach today as we taught yesterday, we rob our children of tomorrow” John Dewey
Kindergarten has always been the place to make friends, paint pictures, tell stories, play games and have fun while learning. Wooden blocks and legos have always been favorites in kindergarten classes. Today, the world is undergoing a digital change, changing our children digitally as well. Marc Prensky says “Our students have changed radically. Today’s students are no longer the people our educational system was designed to teach” in his Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants article. I agree with him wholeheartedly.
“Do not confine your children to your own learning, for they were born in another time” Chinese proverb
If we can find a way to integrate the new coming technologies into our teaching, we can help our kids to extend their learning and empower their creativity. It is also a way to enhance your innovative skills as a teacher in designing lessons or creating new projects with your kids.
Using Web 2.0 tools in kindergarten may seem difficult to implement but the results can be fruitful. There are enough online tools to bring technology into your classes that can make your children inspire, excite and make connection with the rest of the world. Here are my 5 favorite tools for teachers of very young learners:
Shidonni is a site where students can draw their favorite animal with a world to live in it and see the animal spring to life. Kids take care of their animals by feeding, petting or sending them to sleep. The animal eats the food that kids have drawn for it. They can choose if they want their pet to walk or fly, and they can name it. Kids can draw a background and change it whenever they want. They can play games with their virtual animals or send them to their friends to play with their animals. You can watch this introduction video. This site is great for kindergarten students but I’m sure primary kids will love and enjoy this site too!! This can be a great tool for digital storytelling or describing animals or daily routines.
Voki is a great tool to create a personalized speaking avatar. You can customize your character, change the background. You record your voice or use text to speech to make your avatar speak. Voki avatars can be used to improve listening and speaking abilities. We can use it as an introduction, recording a message for our students, different role play activities, pronunciation of target vocabulary. Kids love to create their own avatars, recording their voices and listening to it. You can read Shelly Terrell’s guest post about using vokis in classes.
TalkingPets is site where you can make the pets talk using text-to speech system. You choose pets from a selection of cats and dogs and accessorize them or kids can choose to upload their own pet’s picture and attach a virtual mouth. You choose voice and write the text for your pet. If you put comas between the words, you can make your pet speak slower. Kids will love to create their own pets and make them talk. If they are learning how to write in English, this can be good for short writing activities, listening the correct pronunciation and integrating technology into your classroom. If you like this site, I’m sure you will love to use Acapelatv as well. You choose from different flash animations and write whatever you want the character to speak and you have many language options.
Voicethread is a must-use tool in kindergarten classes. It’s a great way to integrate technology into storytelling. It allows you to combine voice, text, video, and images to create a digital story. Once you create the voicethread, others can also leave comments on it by recording, filming or writing a text. Voicethread is also a great opportunity to collaborate with other students from all over the world. Kids can draw their own pictures and talk about it, or create their own stories and record their voices while telling it to others. They can talk about their animals by putting their pictures on a slide on voicethread or families. We can record our voices and read stories to kids to listen at home. This tool can help our kids to improve their listening, speaking and writing skills.
Glogster is a tool to create online posters adding different multimedia on it. You can write, grab or record audio and video files; you can upload pictures and use numerous graphics by changing them in size and colors. You can add videos from SchoolTube directly on your glog. With all the colors, graphics and the multimedia, Glogster is a lovely tool to introduce new topics, create collaborative projects, online posters, invitation letters, timelines. You can embed your glog to your class blogs or wikis. This is what makes Glogster outstanding alongside with its visual impact. This will become a favorite in your class.
“There can be infinite uses of the computer and of new age technology, but if the teachers themselves are not able to bring it into the classroom and make it work, then it fails.” Nancy Kassebaum
Please! Let it not fail…
Note: This article by Özge Karaoğlu Ergen originally appeared on Teaching Village, and is licensed under a Creative Commons, Attribution-Non Commercial, No Derivatives 3.0 License. If you wish to share it you must re-publish it “as is”, and retain any credits, acknowledgements, and hyperlinks within it. | <urn:uuid:d878f51e-33ba-4ba6-a4ea-2947afb3969a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.teachingvillage.org/2010/03/09/moving-your-kindergarten-into-web-2-0-with-5-different-tool/?shared=email&msg=fail | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.947789 | 1,168 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Devise technical training programs according to organizational requirements.
Produce training schedules and classroom agenda.
Determine course content according to objectives.
Prepare training material (presentations, worksheets, etc.).
Execute training sessions, webinars, workshops, etc. in groups or individually.
Arrange for and conduct on-site training when needed.
Keep and report data on completed courses, absences, issues, etc.
Observe and evaluate the results of training programs.
Determine the overall effectiveness of programs and make improvements.
Proven experience as a technical trainer, a minimum of 3+ years experience is mandatory.
Proficiency in any two programming languages is mandatory.
Knowledge of modern training techniques and tools in technical subjects.
Experience in designing technical course content.
Ability to address training needs with complete courses.
Working knowledge in MS Office (especially PowerPoint).
Outstanding communication skills and comfortable speaking to crowds.
Excellent organizational and time-management abilities.
Degree in a relevant technical field.
Certification such as CTT+ (Certified Technical Trainer) is a strong asset.
B.Tech/ BE/ MCA/BSc. C.Sc.
Interested candidates sent your resumes to firstname.lastname@example.org. Kindly mention the subject line as " TECHNICAL TRAINER". | <urn:uuid:0e1cd9f0-7410-4f48-9aa2-51d51ee0807d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://job.techtunity.com/2021/05/job-description-devise-technical.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.870224 | 294 | 1.75 | 2 |
From the classroom to the studio, as a Broadcast and Cinematic Arts student, you can immerse yourself in our student media starting your first day on campus.
In the classroom, you'll expand your skillsets in writing, audio and video production, and developing a critical eye and then apply them through our co-curricular activities. You'll graduate with professional and personal experience and a portfolio that will help you start a media career. Getting involved in the co-curricular activities is just as important as going to class.
In the Broadcast and Cinematic Arts program, you'll jumpstart your career in:
- Television production in the studio and in the field.
- Scriptwriting for radio, television and film.
- Social media influencer and podcast production.
- Sports broadcasting in front of and behind the camera and mic.
- News production in front of and behind the camera and mic.
- Audio and music production and promotion.
- All facets of radio station work - on-air, promotions and programming.
- Media leadership and entrepreneurship.
- Internet media strategies and production.
In the Cinematic Arts program, you'll jumpstart your career in:
- Narrative and non-fiction film directing.
- Cinematography and lighting.
- Set design and continuity.
- Video editing and visual effects.
- Audio-for-film and post-production.
- Film producing, budgets, and marketing. | <urn:uuid:afd02edf-aaa0-4009-847e-53f338fd51fd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cmich.edu/academics/colleges/college-arts-media/departments-schools/school-broadcast-cinematic-arts/about | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573760.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819191655-20220819221655-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.925716 | 307 | 1.890625 | 2 |
Mechanisation plays an integral part in easing labour-intensive farm operations and dependency on migrant labour, much to the relief of growers and ageing farmers, as the younger generations are less keen on farming. Productivity and yield in farms and plantations can be improved through mechanisation which helps to lower production cost, and achieve timely operations, better precision and optimal performance of agro inputs.
At ACM, we have a comprehensive range of quality applicators, personal protective equipment (PPE) and machinery to meet the requirements of agro industries for crop care, rice transplanting, land preparation, fertilisation, soil revitalisation and landscaping; environmental science for vector control; aquaculture and many more. Besides being the distributor for world renowned brands, JACTO and MARUYAMA, we also design our own patented applicators. All our applicators and machinery are field-tested and proven for better efficiency and productivity.
Collaborations, Transfer of Technology and Product Demonstrations
Below are some of our activities held throughout the nation:
BSA (Boom Sprayer Applicator) makes application easy and effective in a pineapple plantation
Maruyama motorised sprayer ensures good coverage of spray solution in a vegetable farm
The multi-purpose BSA (Boom Sprayer Applicator) provides high mobility and stability in a paddy field
Demonstration of Jacto Arbus400 Golden air blast sprayer in a mango orchard
Spray height up to 20 m and good coverage, with Jacto AJ401 for pest and disease control
Malaysia Agriculture, Horticulture & Agrotourism (MAHA) Exhibition
Seminar Usahawan Padi 2010 IADA, Seberang Perak | <urn:uuid:8cac1e0e-e421-4b46-9145-3cc3942fc40d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.agrichem.com.my/mechanisation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.866738 | 357 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Main CPGW Record
Forename(s): Albert Morton
Place of Birth: India
Service No: ---
Regiment / Corps / Service: Punjabis, 92nd
Battalion / Unit: ---
Division: 7th (Meerut) Indian Division
Date of Death: 1916-04-22
CWGC Grave / Memorial Reference: Panel 49 and 66.
CWGC Cemetery: ---
CWGC Memorial: BASRA MEMORIAL
Non-CWGC Burial: ---
Local War Memorial: CARPERBY, YORKSHIRE
Albert Morton Senior (born 26 January 1883) was the son of William Henry J. and Julia Eliza Senior, née Fitzgerald. Both parents were born in India; Julia at Calcutta.
1891 Bristol, Gloucestershire Census: Brooklyn, Osborne Road, Clifton - Albert M. Senior, aged 8 years, born Hawal, India, son of Julia E. Senior (married).
1901 Bristol, Gloucestershire Census: 16, All Saints Road, Clifton - Albert Senior, aged 18 years, born India, son of Julia Senior, widow.
Albert was married to Winifred Isabel Harper Crewe in 1914.
British Army WW1 Medal Rolls Index Cards: Capt A.M. Senior, 92nd Punjabis.
A short biography of Albert is included in: ‘Wensleydale Remembered - The Sacrifice made by the Families of a Northern Dale 1914-1918 and 1939-1945’ by Keith Taylor (2004).
Data Source: Local War Memorial
Entry in West Yorkshire Pioneer Illustrated War Record: ---
Regiment / Corps / Service Badge: Punjabis, 92nd
Divisional Sign / Service Insignia: 7th (Meerut) Indian Division
Comment on this Soldier Record
You can leave comments on this soldier record. Please note all comments will be manually approved before they appear on the website. | <urn:uuid:4a59110e-d217-41a4-991b-a5f94a912da2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cpgw.org.uk/soldier-records/albert-morton-senior/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.859023 | 444 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Unfortunately, that's sort of like using a hand grenade to patch a leak in the roof.
Or not. Since a roof leak drips down only when it rains, not at a continuous 2K psi. And a roof is in the air, not 1 mile underwater. etc. etc. Maybe I'm missing it but this analogy seems to weak to support your argument.
While I agree BP will probably go to almost any lengths to preserve access to this field, the big problem with using explosives to attempt to cap this blowout is the roof of the chamber seems very brittle. Any explosion large enough to cap the well could fracture the roof of the chamber to the extent it would start leaking over a wide area of sea floor, which could then never be stopped, or a large section of the roof would collapse entirely, resulting in a catastrophic release of oil and gas.
I'd like to see a source for the "very brittle" comment, as well as data on how thick the chamber roof actually is as I just don't know. The wikipedia article on the spill states BP rejected conventional explosive use and that no one has ever considered a nuclear option, because of treaty issues and environmental impact (like there's none now). I think the whole "blow it up" meme has traction simply because of BP's inability to fix their mess and the US government's ineffectiveness in getting anything done about it.
You mean hiring awesome staff to work on independent projects designed in advance breaks Brooks Law?
Genius! Pat yourself on the back some more.
So your problem is with the man and not his argument? Sorry, you lose, automatically.
Good news. He can rot in jail along with all the bankers the feds arrested for stealing hundreds of billions via fraud. Oh wait...
I firmly support others right to believe they're "chosen" and their "supreme being" dictates how they should live.
They just don't get to have a say in any public policy decisions since they're unable to differentiate physical evidence from make-believe friends. In addition, their inability to reason out a sound argument disqualifies them from telling any else what to do or how to behave.
I.E., You're free to delude yourself to whatever extent you can tolerate but you don't get to tell me or my kids how to live.
"They're saying their sister is loose but you're going to lose your head if you go there."
Is this OK?
"They're saying their sister is loose but you're going to lose if you go there." | <urn:uuid:490e51a6-e2d4-4dbb-8ebe-7920d02d7b59> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://slashdot.org/~willow | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00129-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968187 | 527 | 1.546875 | 2 |
- Israel plans to begin construction of settlements in the East 1, or E1, zone in the West Bank
- Comes after the U.N. voted to grant Palestine non-member observer status
- Palestinians believe construction here would essentially cut the West Bank in half
- Group: Currently 137 Israeli settlements in the West Bank, with about 325,000 inhabitants
International Correspondent Fred Pleitgen reports from the site of E1, a controversial settlement that the Israeli government plans to build.
What is E1?
I was standing on the barren hilltops East of Jerusalem and it is hard to believe the area could be at the center of an international controversy. E1 stands for East 1 and marks territory that the Israeli government has slated for settlement construction in the West Bank. It's about 12 square kilometers (4.6 square miles), and when completed will touch the outskirts of Jerusalem.
The construction in the E1 area would be an expansion of one of the largest Israeli settlements in the West Bank, Ma'ale Adumim, with about 40,000 inhabitants, and would merge it with the greater Jerusalem area.
Why has the plan caused so intense international reaction?
After the United Nations General Assembly vote on November 29 to grant the Palestinians the status of a non-member observer state in the body, Israel announced settlement construction in the West Bank and East Jerusalem as a response, saying part of that would likely take place in the E1 area.
The Palestinians believe construction here would essentially cut the West Bank in half and could also impede access from the West Bank to East Jerusalem, which the Palestinians would like to see as the capital of any future Palestinian State. In an interview with CNN, the Palestinians' chief negotiator Saeb Erekat condemned the plan saying: "There is no chance for a Palestinian state. I mean it is impossible. Anyone who looks at the map, looks at the geography will know exactly that this decision means that there is no more two-state solution."
How many Israeli settlements are there?
According to the settlement monitoring group Peace Now, there are currently 137 Israeli settlements in the West Bank, with about 325,000 inhabitants in total. The settlements are essentially Israeli towns of various sizes in Palestinian territory. Many of them, like Ma'ale Adumim, look almost like any other Israeli town with everything from supermarkets to shopping malls and schools.
What is their legal status?
The legal status of the settlements is in dispute. The United Nations and many scholars of international law consider them illegal, but Israel and some experts like the late Eugene Rostow of the Yale Law School and Julius Stone, international law professor at the University of Sydney, have said they are legal. The Palestinians want Israel to give up most settlements as part of any future two-state solution, but many believe that is not realistic considering the size of some of them.
How do settlements impact the peace process?
Settlements are one key reason why there have been no negotiations between the Israelis and Palestinians for several years. The Palestinians say they will only return to the table if Israel freezes all settlement construction, while Benjamin Netanyahu's government wants negotiations without preconditions. The dispute over new construction in the E1 sector is adding fuel to the fire and the U.N. believes it might destroy any chance of a two-state solution for good.
How would ordinary Palestinians be affected by E1 development?
For average Palestinians in the area, the concerns are immediate. Attala Titi, a taxi driver in the town Eizzaria near Jerusalem, told me he fears additional detours and checkpoints if settlements are constructed in the E1 area. "If they build this settlement and close off our roads it will mean that my trip from Hebron to Jericho would take between five hours to a whole day."
How about people currently living in the settlement?
Ma'ale Adumim's Mayor Benny Kashriel is happy at the prospect of expanding the settlement, a project that has been on hold for years.
"This place, this residential neighborhood, it is in the Ma'ale Adumim municipality, part of Ma'ale Adumim municipality, government land. It has to be built for our young couples," he told me from his office. | <urn:uuid:f1bb3016-3794-4537-bd22-79c52e932cb0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cnn.com/2012/12/05/world/meast/inside-israel-planned-settlement/index.html?iref=allsearch | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00314-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958248 | 870 | 2.3125 | 2 |
Professor studies roots of war in Sudan
After decades of civil war, a fragile peace exists today in the southern Sudan. While people have hoped that the peace accord there could serve as a model for ending genocide in the African nation's western province of Darfur, there are growing fears that calm in the south could unravel. One Elon professor has shown that sources of hostility for the Sudan have deep historical roots.
History professor Brian Digre’s recent research on the topic examines the pivotal events leading up to Sudanese independence. He presented his findings this fall in a paper titled "National Integration Without Self-Determination: Political Transition in the Southern Sudan, 1944-1948" at the annual meeting of the African Studies Association.
What happened in the Sudan? After British forces occupied the country in the late 19th century, British administrators came to recognize the different ethnic, religious and developmental characteristics dividing a largely animist and Christian African south from a predominantly Muslim Arab north. Due to these differences, and their own imperial interests, the British separated their administration of the Sudan and eventually sought to eliminate northern influences in the south.
Following World War II, the Sudanese equation changed as Britain faced growing demands for independence. "Northern (Sudanese) leaders were intent on Sudanese unity, and the British, more concerned about their future relations with Khartoum and Cairo, accepted this," Digre says in his research. Not only were southern interests sacrificed, but their leaders were hardly consulted before a legislative assembly was established for the entire country.
The British claimed that southern consultation did take place at the brief two-day Juba Conference in 1947. Digre shows that at the time the British were already intent on accepting Sudanese unity and inclined to overlook southern concerns that they would not be fairly represented. Eight years later, on the eve of independence in 1956, dissatisfied southern troops rebelled against Sudan’s northern-controlled government.
"Radha Kumar’s thoughtful essay 'The troubled history of partition' recognizes that from Ireland to India, disastrous consequences often followed when Britain, confronted by ethnic conflict, sought a rapid colonial exit thorough a policy of divide and quit," Digre writes in the conclusion to his paper. "In the Sudan, British officials pursued the reverse policy, unite and quit. Yet, it too appears as politically expedient. Failing to respect or even fully ascertain southern preferences, hasty integration produced not national unity but ongoing civil conflict."
Much of Digre’s previous research has focused on West African independence. Though far from the Sudan, he still discovered British concerns about the possible influence of Sudanese developments. He pursued his research on the Sudan in the British National Archives while leading Elon’s London program in spring 2007.
But his personal interest in the Sudan goes back many years, beginning when he traveled through the country as he returned home from his Peace Corps service in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. | <urn:uuid:3bd00372-8f60-453e-9bdc-bc987647a7d8> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.elon.edu/e-net/Article/37372 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719465.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00096-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963087 | 599 | 3.625 | 4 |
TYPE DESIGN INTERNATIONAL STUDENT COMPETITION “MILOSZ 2011”
In 2011, the New Art Foundation ZNACZY SIĘ conducted the Type Design International Student Competition “Milosz 2011.” The Competition was set up to commemorate the centennial of the birth of Czesław Miłosz – poet, writer, translator and Nobel Prize laureate in literature. Upon awarding the prize to Miłosz, the Swedish Academy praised him as the author “who with uncompromising clear-sightedness voices man’s exposed condition in the world of severe conflicts.” Thus, we followed the lead and asked the Jury to look for the typeface Milosz that would not only bring out the craft of the type designer but would also reflect the spirit of Miłosz’s writings. A typeface that, in the words of Miłosz’s friend Jerzy Ilg, is “fervent and austere, mystical and sensuous, youthful and welcoming death, conquerous and subtle, serious and laughing hard.”
In October 2011, the international Jury – Barbara Kęsek-Bardel, Veronika Burian, Pilar Cano, Robert Oleś and Kuba Sowiński awarded the prize to Damien Collot of France. Mr Collot is a 2011 graduate of École supérieure d'art et de design in Amiens and his work was supervised by Mr Titus Nemeth. The Jury also awarded an Honorable Mention to a team of designers from School of Design in Zagreb, Croatia – Marko Hrastovec, Andrija Mudnic and Luka Reicher (supervised by dr. Nikola Djurek) for the design of the italics typeface. The entries by Renata Pokrywińska of Uniwersytet Artystyczny in Poznań, Poland (prof. Krzysztof Kochnowicz – supervisor) and Daniel Sabino de Souza of Eina-Escuela Superior de Disseny in Spain (Ms. Laura Meseguer – supervisor) completed the list of the finalists.
There are four variants of the winning Milosz Typeface: Regular, Regular Bold, Italics, Italics Bold. Milosz has all characters necessary to set a continuous text and may be used equally well for poetry and prose.
The Milosz Typeface is available to Czesław Miłosz publishers for text setting free of charge for two years (2012-2013). To contract the Milosz Typeface for publishing please contact the New Art Foundation ZNACZY SIĘ www.znaczysie.pl at firstname.lastname@example.org. The typeface is also available for sale (please contact Mr Damien Collot at www.damien-collot.com).
The samples of Milosz Typeface and of the entries by other finalists are posted on the Competition website/gallery.
▲ Winning entry - Damien Collot | <urn:uuid:b5c2cbb2-96cb-4d97-870e-d3c6e9e5ad80> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.typemilosz2011.pl/en/index | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00225-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.865939 | 656 | 1.625 | 2 |
Now, in today's San Jose Mercury News Garden section I see that one of the local organic gardening stores, Common Ground in Palo Alto, is hosting a couple backyard chickens workshops next Saturday, June 23, led by Jody Main:
Chickens are a wonderful addition to an organic garden. They complete the circle. We give them our food scraps and garden greens . . . they give us eggs and fertilizer . . . we plant crops. Perfect! Chickens are wonderful pets that fully participate and contribute to the whole. Learn everything you need to know to raise happy hens, including: hen house and yard set-up, nesting boxes, water, feed, local suppliers, caring for your hens and favorite crops to grow for your chickens. Here you will see how easy it is to raise chickens and how great a role they play in creating a healthy organic vegetable garden. Garden snack included! Meet at Common Ground, then car pool to Jody's garden and hen house.Couldn't agree more with the description of the workshop. Tempted to go myself, if only to see what her hen house looks like. (I wonder if she's got an Eglu or two, too?) The whole completing-the-circle aspect of raising chickens is right on, and as a small-time vegetable gardener, having chooks gives me the sense that I'm all that more sustainable than before. Instead of buying chicken manure in bulk at the beginning of the season, I'm now adding it in small amounts to our compost pile every other day.
If you're living in the Bay Area and still sitting on the fence about getting your own chooks,
by all means treat your self to one of the workshops. Given the fact they've had to add an additional workshop, we could have a lot more cluckers here on the Peninsula soon.
Let me know if you plan to attend! | <urn:uuid:a900a489-5e93-419c-986b-ca0ae95a3f8c> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.urbanchickens.net/2007/06/upcoming-workshop-about-backyard.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720380.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00055-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949472 | 388 | 1.71875 | 2 |
View Full Version : gamma in opengl & windows
I'm making some stuff in opengl, and screen is too dark. And I know there is such thing as SetDeviceGammaRamp... in windows. But The commands does not work on winNT with my drivers :[[, but changig gamam in q3 works, and I beleive than SetDeviceGammaRamp is used in q3. Any suggestins ?
01-05-2001, 11:02 AM
Are you certain that the SetDeviceGammaRamp function doesn't work? I had trouble getting it to work with Win98 till I discovered that I could not send it the HDC of the window. It had to be the HDC of the device by using GetDC(NULL).
for exmaple this does not work
memset(lpRamp, 0, sizeof(lpRamp));
if (SetDeviceGammaRamp(GetDC(NULL), lpRamp) == FALSE) MessageBox(NULL, "SSS1111111111", "DF", MB_OK);
01-05-2001, 01:40 PM
Well, in that case, it looks like your video card driver does not support the function, or perhaps your ramp array is too small (doubt it since it doesn't crash). I can't tell what size elements you are using but I assume you are using WORD type elements. If the driver doesn't support the function, then I seriously doubt that Q3 is using it to any effect either. Instead Q3 is probably resorting to adjusting the gamma of the textures manually or playing with overbright bits.
[This message has been edited by DFrey (edited 01-05-2001).]
well, I use WORD lpRamp;
AnD I'm using TNT2 Ant Win2000
& NVIDIA Display Driver for Windows 2000 version 6.31, 09/20/2000
And q3 version
1.25 does not seems to work with SetGammaRamp
But 1.27g works, I tried runing q3 in windoze and adjustng gamma, in q3 and gamma of desktip changes too. So what is done in q3 that this works ?
01-06-2001, 07:19 AM
It must be an OS issue. I have the same video card and use the same driver version, except for Win98. Maybe try using CreateDC("DISPLAY",NULL,NULL,NULL); to get the HDC. Remember to delete the DC after you are finished with it (assuming you are given it).
[This message has been edited by DFrey (edited 01-06-2001).]
01-06-2001, 07:27 AM
Hehe, I looked back at my code and it turns out I used the CreateDC function to make a HDC for the display device since I could not get the one returned from GetDC(NULL) to work. I looked at the specs for CreateDC and I do not think it will work in WinNT as I wrote it above. It appears in WinNT, according to the documentation, that second parameter can not be NULL (in Win98 it can in this particular instance) but must be the name of the device being used. So looks like you need to get the name of the display device first for WinNT in order to use this function. I'm not quite certain how to go about doing that at this moment.
01-06-2001, 07:30 AM
Ok just learned you use EnumDisplayDevices to get that info for the CreateDC. http://www.opengl.org/discussion_boards/ubb/smile.gif
I tried such programs as PowerStrip
and that program is able to change gamma.
I woud like to know how it's done. Since Then I use SetDeviceGammaRamp does not work on Win2000.
Read about this other funcs:
-CreateColorSpace / SetColorSpace
Also, the docs say about SetDeviceGammaRamp that "Some display adapters support downloadable gamma correction tables", notice the word "Some". This means that is perfectly valid for the display driver not to expose this functionality. Maybe it simply doesn't work on NT, and you have to manually alter textures and colors with your own gamma functions.
SetDeviceGammaRamp doesnt work 100% either on win2000 (sometimes does sometimes doesnt) what i do is alter a textures 'gamma' when i load it in.
BTW with quake3 u have to disable gamma as well in win2000
Well I have Installed q3 patch 1.27g and now changing gamma works on Win2000 same as in win98. So I suppose somthing is done in q3 that this thing works normaly. And no need to make texture brighter. So what is done in q3. I thing It's mae bay sing SetDeviceGammaRam, Beause I have started q3 in windowed mode & while changing gamma in q3
(r_gamma) the colors on desktop where cahnging too.
01-08-2001, 09:58 AM
Did you try using CreateDC("DISPLAY",devicename,NULL,NULL) to get the hdc for SetDeviceGammaRamp?
Well, now changing gamma works fine for me on win2000. I think that the problem was not getting right DC, but calculating correct gamma values. I vas getting old gamma ramp and increasing all walues by 1 (or any other constant) and getting nothing. And Later I found one example in theese discusions, whitch calculates that ramp. And Now it works. The code look like this (i modiefied it a little)
int i, j, min, max = 0;
memset(NewRamp, 0, sizeof(NewRamp));
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
min = 256 * i;
max = min + 256;
for (j = min; j < max; j++)
NewRamp[j] = pow(((j % 256) / 256.0), 1/cfg.r_gamma) * 65536;
01-09-2001, 04:57 AM
Oh heck, I could of shown you that. http://www.opengl.org/discussion_boards/ubb/tongue.gif I also have brightness and contrast built into my gamma code. http://www.opengl.org/discussion_boards/ubb/smile.gif
Now I'd like to see that http://www.opengl.org/discussion_boards/ubb/smile.gif I havent even gotten to the point of changing the gamma, I just set it to be overbright, I'd like to have a full assortment of adjustments though.
01-09-2001, 05:11 AM
Here (http://www.opengl.org/discussion_boards/ubb/Forum3/HTML/000775.html) is the thread in which I displayed the code I used. You could use it as a starting point at least. It really needs some constraints built in because it is too flexible! http://www.opengl.org/discussion_boards/ubb/biggrin.gif
Could someone please point me to info on 3DFX_gamma_control extension?? I've looked on 3dfx's site, on SGIs site, in the extension database on gamedev.net, and in various other places. I know it exists http://www.opengl.org/discussion_boards/ubb/smile.gif
01-09-2001, 09:12 AM
Here is an unofficial doc http://www.pseudonymz.demon.co.uk/gam3dfx.txt I have no idea if it is correct however. Oh, and just to be precise, it is the WGL_3DFX_gamma_control extension. http://www.opengl.org/discussion_boards/ubb/biggrin.gif
[This message has been edited by DFrey (edited 01-09-2001).]
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‘One With The Birds’ is a unique architectural project that brings you closer to nature by interweaving the physical built form with it. Honoring the ecological impact and dialogue introduced by the form and function, architects from Penda turn to natural materials and time tested building techniques. Inspired by Native American tipis and bamboo as the local material, the project creates an architectural template for the AIM ‘Legend of the Tent’ competition in China. What results is a unique overlay of the organic and the manmade, creating unique interfaces and possibilities in the form of private residences in the wilderness, or a charming hotel close to nature.
With a core intention of minimizing any impact on site, bamboo emerges as the primary material in this amazing architecture. From scaffolding to structure, the bamboo sticks are brought together in an array of configurations to create a versatile module that allows for three dimensional adaptations to the demands placed by site, location and purpose. By elaborating on the basic 4.7m x 4.7m x 4m grid, the triangular modules can be exploded, extruded and twisted around for optimal use and arrangement. Also, the base of this hotel close to nature is elevated off the ground, allowing it to further respect and navigate the natural landscape. | <urn:uuid:1bdf5ab7-5fcc-448a-8456-80f971d203d6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://adorable-home.com/architecture/hotel-close-to-nature-45268 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00475-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.89065 | 257 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Taxes are likely the last thing you want to think about when preparing an Estate Plan, but unfortunately they must be dealt with in a timely manner. By thinking about the details of your financial affairs now, you can avoid leaving these responsibilities to loved ones. Not only can this help ease emotional stress during a difficult time, but it can protect your family from facing unexpected financial consequences.
That being said, it can be helpful to understand exactly what happens if a deceased person owes taxes. While this is an uncomfortable subject, it is important to demystify the situation and learn how to handle outstanding taxes after the loss of a loved one. Keep reading to learn more about filing taxes on behalf of a deceased person and how you can prepare your own Estate for the future.
What Happens if a Deceased Person Owes Taxes?
If a deceased person owes taxes the Estate can be pursued by the IRS until the outstanding amounts are paid. The Collection Statute Expiration Date (CSED) for tax collection is roughly 10 years -- meaning the IRS can continue to pursue the Estate for that length of time. In some cases, the IRS can request to extend this deadline.
The Administrator of the Estate, or another representative of the deceased, will need to report all income made during the year prior to their death and file the necessary deceased tax return. The Administrator will be responsible for gathering all of the deceased person’s financial details, though they can request previous tax transcripts from the IRS using Form 4506-T.
In most cases, the appropriate taxes can be filed using Form 1040 to report income on behalf of the deceased. Though, an income tax return may need to be filed for the Estate as well if it generated more than $600 before being distributed to heirs.
Who is Responsible for Paying Taxes for a Deceased Person?
The person responsible for paying taxes on behalf of a deceased person will typically be named within the Estate Plan. This person will be in charge of settling the Estate and will have access to the information and accounts necessary to pay the outstanding taxes. They will also be in charge of coordinating any refunds, if applicable. There are a few different ways this responsibility can be managed.
The Administrator of the Estate can be placed in charge of paying a deceased person’s taxes -- as they will typically be the one managing outstanding expenses, closing necessary accounts, and distributing inheritances as specified.
The deceased may have an Appointed Legal Representative to handle tax affairs. This could be an Estate Planning lawyer or family attorney. They will also have access to financial information and be able to take care of outstanding taxes in a quick manner.
If the decedent was married their Surviving Spouse may also take over tax duties, especially if they are filing jointly for the year. Note that taxes can be filed jointly for the year the death occurred and potentially the previous year (if the death occurred before taxes were filed). The surviving spouse would need to note this on the tax paperwork.
In cases without an Estate Plan, spouse, or appointed legal representative the responsibility will typically fall on a loved one or Next of Kin. This person will need to note that they are acting as a personal representative on behalf of the deceased when filing any documents with the IRS.
Are Beneficiaries Responsible for Debts Left by the Deceased?
Beneficiaries are not responsible for debts left by the deceased, and by law creditors cannot treat them as such. Further, qualifying retirement accounts, life insurance proceeds, and funds placed in certain types of Trusts do not have to be used to pay for the descendants debts -- as these funds go directly to the beneficiary and do not pass through Probate.
There are certain exceptions to make note of when looking at a deceased person’s debt. In community property states, such as California, the surviving spouse may be responsible for portions of outstanding debt. There are also states that may require medical debt to be paid for by the surviving spouse. Lastly, any debts that had a co-signer will need to be paid for by that individual.
What Debts are Forgiven at Death?
Debts are not automatically forgiven after death; instead, the Estate will be responsible for paying them. If the Estate does not have the funds to cover these amounts, the debts will often go unpaid. Federal student loans are perhaps the only exception, as these will be forgiven after receiving official proof of a death.
What Happens if You Don't File Taxes for a Deceased Person?
If you don’t file taxes for a deceased person, the IRS can take legal action by placing a federal lien against the Estate. This essentially means you must pay the federal taxes before closing any other debts or accounts. If not, the IRS can demand the taxes be paid by the legal representative of the deceased.
There are exceptions for funeral expenses and associated administrative costs -- which can be paid before outstanding taxes on behalf of the deceased. If the decedent owes years worth of taxes, you may be able to work with the IRS to prove that you were not aware of the outstanding amounts. This will typically require the help of a tax planning lawyer or CPA.
How To Prepare Your Estate for Taxes and Death
Managing the financial affairs of a deceased loved one can be challenging, especially if they are not prepared for the process. The best way to handle this responsibility is by completing a thorough Estate Plan, and encouraging your loved ones to do the same. This process will allow you to nominate a legal representative who knows exactly where to start when it comes to handling your taxes and finances after death.
It can also be helpful to talk through these questions with your spouse, that way you are both protected financially in case anything unexpected were to occur. Dealing with taxes after death requires some administrative work -- and can be a hassle during an emotionally challenging time. Crafting an Estate Plan can help you address any potential confusion or challenges.
Understanding what happens if a deceased person owes taxes is a great first step in creating your Estate Plan. Learn how to get your finances in order today, so your loved ones are not left with this task. While it can be uncomfortable to talk about --- it is a necessary responsibility. Is there a question here we didn’t answer? Reach out to us today or Chat with a live member support representative! | <urn:uuid:c46a7650-d55f-4f4c-8c8a-b5d157ada92a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://trustandwill.com/learn/what-happens-if-a-deceased-person-owes-taxes | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571584.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812045352-20220812075352-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.964618 | 1,305 | 1.992188 | 2 |
Polyvinylchloride (PVC) is one of the most produced polymers in Europe, with a share of 11% in terms of mass (8 Million tonnes) of total polymer consumption, but in 2010 only 5% of the total PVC production was from recycled materials, where other polymer recycling achieves a level of 15% on average. In order to find an innovative process to extract PVC from window frames waste, a combination of two recent technologies has been tested: magnetic density separation (MDS) and hyperspectral imaging (HSI) analysis. By its nature, MDS is a flexible high precision density separation that is applicable to any mixture of polymers and contaminants with non-overlapping densities. As PVC has a very distinctive high density, this technology can be used to make high-grade PVC pre-concentrates from many PVC-rich waste streams. Considering that PVC has a characteristic spectral signature in the NIR range, it can be clearly discriminated from other polymers and contaminants by HSI. The results showed that the combined application of MDS and HSI techniques allowed to separate and identify PVC from window frame waste.
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It can be reported by the patient, which is macroscopic hematuria, and when it is not visible through the eye and detected in the microscopic examination on dipstick testing of urine then it is microscopic hematuria. This indicates that bleeding can be occurring from anywhere in the renal tract. It’s a real nightmare for athletes or anyone who work out in the same quantity. This is also known as “The Hematuria Cancer – Every Athlete’s Nightmare.” Hematuria can be visible from the naked eye.
Microscopy shows that normal individuals have occasional red blood cells (RBC) in the urine (up to 12 500 RBC/mL). The detection limit for dipstick testing in urine for the presence of RBC is 15–20 000 RBC/mL, which is sufficiently sensitive for the detection of blood in the urine.
However, it is also seen that dipstick tests are also seen as positive in the presence of free hemoglobin or myoglobin.
Urine microscopic examination can be valuable for confirming haematuria and helps in establishing the cause of bleeding in the urine. Other causes of red or dark urine may sometimes be confused with haematuria but produce negative dipstick tests and microscopy.
True positive dipstick tests for the presence of blood may occur during menstruation in females, infection, or strenuous exercise in athletes, but if haematuria persists, then it requires further investigation to exclude malignancy.
Glomerular bleeding is characteristic of inflammatory, destructive, or degenerative processes that disrupt the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) to cause microscopic or macroscopic haematuria. In glomerulonephritis, one or more other features of the ‘nephritic syndrome’ may be present, but the full syndrome is rare. Macroscopic (visible) haematuria is more likely to be caused by tumors.
Severe infections or renal infarction can also cause macroscopic haematuria, usually accompanied by pain.
Causes of hematuria cancer: –
In kidney: –
- Clotting disorders
- Vascular malformation
- Glomerular disease inflammatory degenerative
- Interstitial disease
- Enlarged prostate in old men
- Period in women
- Prostate infection
- Bladder cancer in smokers
- Drugs used for blood thinning
- Drugs used to reduce swelling
- Heavy work
When blood is found in the urine, the health care or doctor wants to make sure whether the patient is having any serious disorder or not, which includes cancer of kidney or bladder. While cancer of urology is not commonly found but still 2-3 in 100 patients are diagnosed with urological cancer.
Risk factors which increase the chances of Hematuria cancer: –
Age factor:- If age is more than 35 years.
Chronic smoker:- If the patient is a chronic smoker in the past or present
Factory worker:- If the patient works in the chemical factory
Prior urological disorder:- If the patient has a prior urological disorder
Poor pelvic radiation:- If the patient had poor pelvic radiation for cancer
Suffering from urinary tract infection:- If the patient has pain or suffering from urinary tract infection in which the patient has a problem in voiding urine
Urinary infection:- If the patient has a chronic urinary infection
Blood in the urine (haematuria) may be the only indication of cancer and other pathology in the urinary tract. Haematuria may be intermittent or persistent.
If the patient experiences pain with the presence of blood in urine, the characteristics of the pain, which include location, may help to detect the cause of the bleeding. If there is a malignant cause for the haematuria than the patient will not have any pain.
Urinary bladder cancer:-
Bladder cancer is the commonest urological malignancy found in India and the second most common genitourinary malignant disease in the world. Males are commonly affected more than females with the ratio of M: F= 2.4:1, and urinary bladder cancer occurs mostly in the elderly with median age persons who are about 60 to 70 years.
Causes of bladder cancer and risk factors:-
Cigarette smoking is the single most important environmental factor which is responsible for bladder cancer, other risk factors which are responsible for bladder cancer are:-
- Chemical exposure to aromatic amines
- Aniline dyes in industries
- Analgesic abuse
- Schistosoma infestation in certain regions of the world
Pathology of urinary bladder cancer:-
Carcinoma of bladder is a heterogeneous disease that presents as superficial, muscle-invasive or metastatic disease. Morphologically, most of the bladder cancer, about 70% is exophytic papillary tumors confined to mucosa (Ta) or invade submucosa (T1). About 50% to 70% of superficial tumors recur, and 5% to 20% of them progress to invasive disease.
Histopathologically, most bladder cancers are transitional cell carcinomas, which were about 90% to 95%. Low-grade tumors have a high local recurrence rate but usually do not invade muscularly. High-grade superficial tumors have a high propensity to transform into invasive tumors. All invasive tumors are high grade.
Clinical features of urinary bladder cancer:-
Most of the patients with urinary bladder cancer present themselves with painless hematuria, which are about 80-90%. Along with this, the patient also presents themselves with unexplained urinary frequency or difficulty in voiding urine.
Lower urinary irritative and obstructive symptoms may be the sole presenting symptoms in the absence of haematuria.
The currently accepted staging classification of primary bladder cancer is as follows:
- Ta: Non-invasive papillary carcinoma
- T1: Invasion of lamina propria
- T2: Invasion of muscularis propria
- T3: Invasion of perivesical tissues
- T4: Invasion of adjacent organs or pelvic/abdominal wall
Other symptoms of bladder cancer include:-
- Blood in the urine or blood clot present in the urine
- Frequent urging for urine
- Pain with burning sensation while passing the urine
- Frequent urging to pass urine in the whole night
- Feeling to pass the urine with not able to void the urine
- Lower backache at one of the body
Investigation for urinary bladder cancer:-
Most of the time, the bladder is detected when the patient comes to the doctor with the complaint of blood in the urine, which is called hematuria.
General urine test is not considered as a specific diagnosis for bladder cancer as hematuria is often present in many of the disease conditions like a kidney stone or infection and which does not include cancer.
Cystoscopic examination of the bladder and pathological evaluation of the resected lesion form the cornerstone of diagnosis. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) is the most important test which is used for judging the depth of tumor penetration in the bladder. The inclusion of muscle in biopsy is essential.
An important component of the work-up is an examination under anesthesia after TURBT to evaluate the presence of residual induration and mass. CECT of chest, abdomen, and pelvis and urine cytology are the other investigations that are done at initial evaluation and follow-up.
Other effective investigation methods for hematuria cancer: –
- Blood for urea, serum electrolyte, and hemoglobin
- CT scan
- Magnetic resonance
- IVU or ultrasound scanning
- Cross-sectional imaging
- Bimanual examination under general anesthesia
How to know that cancer had spread in the body:-
Sometimes the first symptoms of the urinary bladder appear late; at the time, cancer has spread to another part of the body. In that situation, the symptoms which the patient will give depend upon the metastasis (spread) of the tumor in the body.
If cancer has spread to the lungs than the patient will complaints of cough with difficulty in breathing.
It is spread to the liver, then the patient will receive complaints of abdominal pain with the yellowish color of the skin (jaundice).
If it has spread to the bone, then the patient will complaint of bone pain and the patient is prone to pathological fracture.
Other symptoms which the patient present are- loss of appetite, pain in the back or pelvic region, and weight loss.
Treatment for urinary bladder cancer: –
Treatment of non-muscle invasive disease
TURBT is the standard of care for superficial bladder cancers. The goal of TURBT in Ta/T1 bladder tumors is to make the correct diagnosis and remove all visible lesions. These tumors are classified as low or high risk based on tumor grade, size, number, and invasion of lamina propria.
Based on their risk, stratification patients receive either intravesical chemotherapy or Bacillus- Calmette Guerin. They are followed up with serial cystoscopies after treatment to monitor for recurrence.
Treatment of muscle-invasive disease
Radical cystectomy is the preferred treatment for invasive bladder cancers in patients whose medical condition allows a major surgical procedure. Pelvic lymphadenectomy has routinely proceeded as a piece of radical cystectomy for bladder malignant growths.
Such patients may also benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy using either the MVAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin) or gemcitabine-cisplatin combinations. Bladder conservation can be done in selected patients with multimodality treatment involving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by concurrent chemoradiation.
Chemotherapy for metastatic bladder cancer
The common sites of metastatic spread include lymph nodes, lung, liver, and bones. Chemotherapy is the standard therapy for patients with metastatic bladder cancer in good performance status. The gemcitabine-cisplatin combination is often used.
If you find any changes in the symptoms after taking the treatment for bladder cancer, it is essential to talk to the doctor to clarify all the doubts which come in mind.
Your doctor will ask you questions regarding the symptoms like when they started appearing, as this will help the doctor for diagnosis of the condition you are suffering.
If the cancer is diagnosed in an advanced stage at that time, the main treatment for the cancer is relieving the symptoms, this treatment is known as a palliative, or supportive care which is started as the diagnosis of cancer is confirmed.
You may also like to read. | <urn:uuid:969f1395-b821-40f5-a812-085688b72029> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.healthcaremantra.com/the-hematuria-cancer-every-athletes-nightmare/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.912952 | 2,287 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Biden-Harris Administration Announces New Actions to Strengthen Food Supply Chains
USDA announced a suite of new actions, including making available $200 million to expand competition in meat processing and investing $25 million in workforce training.U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Secretary Tom Vilsack announced more support, resources, and new rules that will strengthen the American food supply chain, promote fair and competitive agricultural markets, prevent abuse of farmers by poultry processors and make prices fairer for farmers and American consumers. These actions build on President Biden's historic whole-of-government effort to promote competition in the American economy and fulfill key pillars of the Meat and Poultry Supply Chain Action Plan launched in January by President Biden, Secretary Vilsack, and Attorney General Garland. These actions combat market dominance by a small number of major meat and poultry processors in key markets, where excessive concentration and control has led to lower prices paid to producers and higher prices paid by consumers.
“For too long, farmers and ranchers have seen the value and the opportunities they work so hard to create move away from the rural communities where they live and operate,” Vilsack said. “Under the leadership of President Biden and Vice President Harris, USDA is committed to making investments that promote competition—helping support economic systems where the wealth created in rural areas stays in rural areas—and strengthening rules and enforcement against anticompetitive practices. The funding and new rule we're announcing today ultimately will help us give farmers and ranchers a fair shake, strengthen supply chains, and make food prices fairer.”
Fighting for Fairness for Poultry Farmers
USDA announced a proposed rule under the Packers and Stockyards Act to protect poultry growers from abuse. Today's action is the first of three rulemakings that USDA will issue under the Packers and Stockyards Act under the President's Executive Order on Promoting Competition in the American Economy in order to stop unfair, deceptive, discriminatory, and anticompetitive practices in the meat and poultry industry.
Currently, poultry processors exert control over much of the process of raising chickens through take-it-or-leave-it contracts with growers. Under these contracts, processors provide inputs like chickens and feed to poultry growers. Poultry growers, who often take on debt to build poultry growhouses, have limited visibility into the real range of outcomes and risks they face under these contracts. Moreover, once in the contracts, the processors then determine the payments that poultry growers receive for their services by weighing the chickens and ranking farmers based on how much the chickens grew. Pay is generally determined based on how a farmer compares to other farmers, but farmers currently have little insight into this comparison. For far too long, growers have complained that the “tournament” system is ripe for abuse.
The new rulemaking will require poultry processors to provide key information to poultry growers at several critical steps—increasing transparency and accountability in the poultry growing system. For example, processors would be required to disclose details of the inputs they provided to each farmer and information about the input differences among farmers being ranked. Furthermore, disclosures would cover the level of control and discretion exercised by the poultry processor and what financial returns the farmer can expect from the relationship based on the range of real experiences of other growers. Contracts would also be required to contain guaranteed annual flock placements and density. Poultry processor CEOs would be required to sign off on the compliance process for disclosure accuracy.
Simultaneously with issuing the proposed transparency rule, USDA is opening an inquiry into whether some practices of processors in the tournament system are so unfair that they should be banned or otherwise regulated. USDA seeks input from stakeholders to determine whether the current tournament-style system in poultry growing could be restricted or modernized to create a fairer, more inclusive marketplace.
Investing in Expanded Capacity
Vilsack also announced that USDA is making available $200 million under the new Meat and Poultry Intermediary Lending Program (MPILP) to strengthen the food supply chain and create opportunities for small businesses and entrepreneurs in rural communities. These funds will provide much-needed financing to independent meat and poultry processors to start up and expand operations. By introducing competition at this key bottleneck point in the supply chain, these investments will help raise earnings for farmers and lower prices for consumers.
The MPILP will provide grants of up to $15 million to nonprofit lenders, including private nonprofits, cooperatives, public agencies and tribal entities. These intermediaries will use this funding to establish a revolving loan fund to finance a variety of activities related to meat and poultry processing. For example, businesses may use the loans to acquire land, build or expand facilities and modernize equipment.
For more information, please visit www.rd.usda.gov/mpilp and read USDA Rural Development's program announcement.
Building a Well-Paid, Well-Trained Meat and Poultry Processing Workforce
Vilsack also announced $25 million in investments for workforce training programs for meat and poultry processing workers with American Rescue Plan Act Section 1001 funding. The targeted funding through new and existing National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) programs is designed to create and expand upon good paying jobs that can strengthen the meatpacking industry by attracting and retaining employees.
NIFA is leading two funding opportunities:
- Extension Risk Management Education and Sustainable Agriculture Research Education Programs: An investment of $5 million will be split equally between Extension Risk Management Education and Sustainable Agriculture Research Education programs. Work in these programs will support development of meat and poultry processing training and educational materials for place-based needs, particularly relevant to small- or medium-sized farmers and ranchers. Additionally, training local and/or regional meat and poultry workers presents a unique opportunity to address the demand from niche markets, like mobile processing units fulfilling market demand from fresh markets, on-site processing, farm-to-fork (restauranteurs), boutique grocers and others.
- Community/Technical College Ag Workforce Training and Expanded Learning Opportunities: This Agricultural Workforce Training (AWT) investment makes available $20 million to qualified community colleges to support meat and poultry processing workforce development programs. The AWT program helps develop a workforce ready for the field as well as industry jobs in the food and agricultural sectors. By creating new workforce training programs, or expanding, improving, or renewing existing workforce training programs at community, junior, and technical colleges/institutes, this program will expand job-based, experiential learning opportunities, acquisition of industry-accepted credentials and occupational competencies for students to enable a workforce for the 21st century.
Charting a Comprehensive Strategy for Promoting Competition in Agricultural Markets
Today, USDA also released a new report on Promoting Competition in Agricultural Markets, as required by President Biden's Executive Order on Promoting Competition in the American Economy. The report details USDA's strategy for promoting competition in agricultural markets—including not only actions and initiatives to promote competition in meat and poultry markets, but also other key agricultural sectors like fertilizer and seeds. The report also discusses the negative impacts concentration in shipping has on our food supply chain and describes USDA's efforts to work across the Administration to use all available tools to promote competition.
The report includes the announcement of two new pro-competition initiatives—initiatives that go above and beyond those required by the Executive Order. First, USDA is announcing plans to complete a top-to-bottom review of its programs to ensure they promote competition. Second, USDA announced it will update guidance to strengthen the verification requirements for the most widely used “animal-raising claims” to ensure consumers are getting what they are paying for.
See all recent actions taken to support the American food supply chain on www.usda.gov/meat. | <urn:uuid:7bc90c2d-37fa-4f6c-b568-21a6f5f5b21e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.aamp.com/blog_home.asp?Display=32 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00479.warc.gz | en | 0.937577 | 1,591 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Windows 11 is in the earlier stages of development, and it is possible that you are having troubles due to bugs, and one of those bugs may appear. When you try to start a program or file, the following error occurs: “Windows cannot access the specified device, path, or file. You may not have the appropriate permissions to access the item.” I have seen these types of errors in Windows 10 also, and I hope in upcoming updates of development teams of Windows 11 will fix this issue.
Causes of Windows cannot access the specified device path or file:
- Antivirus is blocking the file or program: Sometimes, the above error occurs because antivirus is blocking this file from opening.
- File or program is corrupt: Your program or file may be corrupt. You can check if the file is corrupted by creating a shortcut. If the file is corrupt, you may have to repair the file.
- You may not have appropriate permissions: The above error can be displayed if you don’t have appropriate permissions. We will see how you can get the permissions, but let me first discuss the causes.
- File or program has been removed or deleted: You can also get this issue if the file is removed or deleted.
- Malware Alteration: Malware may have altered the file’s settings or have corrupted the file.
Now that we know the causes of this error let us see how this error can be dealt with.
How to Fix Windows cannot access the specified device path or file
Method 1: Check for the permissions
Permissions are the rules that determine who can access the file or program and who can’t. You must be an administrator to change the file’s permissions you wish for.
Method 2: Unblock the File
The error “Windows cannot access the specified device, path, or file. You may not have the appropriate permissions to access the item.” may occur if Windows has blocked your file,
To unblock the file, follow the steps:
Method 3: Check for file in its file location if it is removed or deleted
The above error can occur if the file has been removed or deleted from the specified file location.
Right-click on the specified file and click on the file location to locate the file. If the file doesn’t exist, this is the possible reason for the error message.
Method 4: Antivirus Software is blocking this file
Your Antivirus software sometimes stops the suspicious files to protect your PC from malware and viruses, due to which this error can occur. You can check if the Antivirus software is blocking the file by temporarily disabling your Antivirus software. If this is the case, you can go to the protection history of your antivirus software and unblock the file or program. However, disabling your Antivirus software is vulnerable to viruses and malware, so I recommend you to turn on your Antivirus software as soon as possible.
Remember that with the rise in technology, there is an increase in Cybercriminals and, in turn, a decrease in privacy, so make sure the files or programs you use are safe. | <urn:uuid:66a024f7-9a3f-4c0d-a3a8-41335967810e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://windowsstory.com/how-to-fix-windows-cannot-access-specified-device-path-or-file/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.90066 | 657 | 2.90625 | 3 |
05 Mar History Of Testicular Cancer Linked To Increased Risk Of Prostate Cancer
Medical Research: What is the background for this study?
Response: A history of testicular cancer has been suggested to have an association with an increased risk of developing prostate cancer (PCa) in epidemiologic studies. We hypothesized that there may be an increased risk of developing intermediate to high-risk prostate cancer as well.
Medical Research: What are the main findings?
Response: 147,044 men with melanoma and 32,435 men with testicular cancer were identified. Prostate cancer was diagnosed in 3,205 men in total. The cumulative incidence of all prostate cancer by age 80 was 2.8% in the control melanoma cohort and 12.6% in the case cohort of men with history of testicular cancer (p<0.0001 for KM survival curves, Figure 1). For intermediate/high-risk disease, the incidence was 1.1% versus 5.8% for each cohort respectively (p<0.0001 for KM survival curves, Figure 2). No association with prostate cancer was seen with non-seminomatous versus seminomatous germ cell tumors. Upon multivariate analysis, testis cancer was associated with an increased risk of all prostate cancer (HR 4.7, p<0.0001) and intermediate/high-risk PCa (HR 5.2, p<0.0001) when controlling for race and radiation history.
Medical Research: What should clinicians and patients take away from your report?
Response: A history of testicular cancer is associated with a significantly increased risk of developing both prostate cancer and intermediate/high risk prostate cancer. Men with a history of testicular cancer should consider discussing the potential harms and benefits of screening for prostate cancer.
Medical Research: What recommendations do you have for future research as a result of this study?
Response: Future studies validating these results in different cohorts would strengthen the suspicion that this is a finding of significant concern
2015 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium presentation discussing:
Men who have had testicular cancer are more likely to develop prostate cancer, although overall risk of developing aggressive disease is low
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: M. Minhaj Siddiqui, MD (2015). History Of Testicular Cancer Linked To Increased Risk Of Prostate Cancer | <urn:uuid:c2de0601-cbcd-4d10-aa67-fbbf27c97532> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://medicalresearch.com/cancer-_-oncology/prostate-cancer/history-of-testicular-cancer-linked-to-increased-risk-of-prostate-cancer/12364/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.929668 | 502 | 2.125 | 2 |
Special Olympics is a global organization that allows more than 3.4 million athletes with intellectual disabilities to participate in sport. The Power of Sport has allowed hundreds of thousands of volunteers and coaches to positively affect the lives of people with intellectual disabilities each year since the establishment of Special Olympics in 1968.
Special Olympics provides year-round sports training and athletic competition in a variety of Olympic-type sports for children and adults with intellectual disabilities. This mission allows people affected by disabilities to get continuing opportunities to develop physical fitness, demonstrate courage, experience joy and participate in a sharing of gifts, skills and friendship. All Special Olympics activities - at the local, state, national and international levels - reflect the values, standards, ceremonies and events of the Olympic movement. Finally, most Special Olympics activities are run by local volunteers, in order to create greater awareness among people about intellectual disabilities.
Bharat has so far drawn over 37000 coaches to work with over 750234 athletes across 31 State Programs. India being designated a Priority Nation by Special Olympics International, the goal is to extend the Special Olympics programme throughout the country and reach over 1,000,000 people with Intellectual Disability by end 2012.
Through the Athlete Leadership Programmes (ALPs) athletes can explore opportunities for greater participation in our movement beyond sports training and competition: as coaches, officials, team captains, spokespeople and Board and committee members. These leadership roles allow athletes to speak persuasively; interview with the media; mentor and speak up for other athletes; discuss their opinions on policy and governance; analyze financial reports; and research and prepare for fundraising events.
Initiatives like Healthy Athletes programme help athletes to improve their training and competition by focusing on overall health and fitness. This is achieved through basic health screenings, provision of preventative and some treatment services, educational information, and referrals for follow-up care.
Special Olympics Unified Sports brings together athletes with and without intellectual disabilities to train and compete on the same team. Throughout the year, in a variety of sports ranging from basketball to golf to fig u re skating, Unified Sports athletes improve their physical fitness, sharpen their skills, challenge the competition and have fun, too.
A part of the worldwide movement to empower those with special abilities through the medium of sport, Special Olympics Bharat as Australian Sports Outreach Programme (ASOP) India partner will not only empower through sport, but also change attitudes and help build communities.
As ASOP-Award India Partner, Special Olympics Bharat will Engage and Reward the lives of the motivated young people who are a part of the Special Olympics movement in India. In the first year of operations, Special Olympics Bharat and Award National Team will identify key young leaders within SO Bharat to engage in the International Award and then build participation after a year long pilot.
- Content taken from Special Olympics Website and Special Olympics Bharat website | <urn:uuid:df6842de-d4be-4899-83cf-d8d2ad6df8a3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.brewingknowledge.com/2011/09/special-olympics-is-global-organization.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.937926 | 590 | 2.75 | 3 |
Google Regrets Being Evil in Red China
But Google’s founders don’t regret being evil because of moral principles.
It’s about the bottom line [emphasis added]:
Google’s decision to censor its search engine in China was bad for the company,
its founders admitted yesterday.
Google, launched in 1998 by two Stanford University dropouts, Sergey Brin and
Larry Page, was accused of selling out and reneging on its "Don’t be evil"
motto when it launched in China in 2005. The company modified the version of
its search engine in China to exclude controversial topics such as the Tiananmen
Square massacre or the Falun Gong movement, provoking a backlash in its core
Asked whether he regretted the decision, Mr Brin admitted yesterday: "On
a business level, that decision to censor… was a net negative."
So, they don’t regret being evil because they’ve helped a communist regime
oppress their people, they regret being evil because it affected their profit
No word yet on whether Google regrets being evil by supporting jihadi propaganda
and suppressing American counter-propaganda on their popular YouTube subsidiary.
Maybe they’ll decide after YouTube’s next profit and loss statement.
Posting date: 5/Feb/2007
Original article date: 27/Jan/2007
Category: Media Report | <urn:uuid:4a4cf217-65b9-49f8-b9e9-47a0125feda0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://falunau.org/2007/02/jawa-report-tx-google-regrets-being-evil-in-red-china/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.908272 | 300 | 1.945313 | 2 |
About Pran Nath
Professor Nath is co-author of the “first supergravity” theory with Arnowitt [Phys. Lett.B56, 177 (1975)] and with Arnowitt and Zumino [B56, 81, 1975]. He is co-author of the invention of mSUGRA model with Chamseddine and Arnowitt [Phys. Rev. Lett. 49, 970 (1982)]. mSUGRA is currently a leading candidate for discovery at the Large Hadron Collider. His other contributions include proposal of the trileptonic signal for discovery of supersymmetry (Mod. Phys. Lett. A2, (1987) 331), the first computation of supersymmetric contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon (Z. Phys. C26, 407 (1984)), discovery of a new branch (the hyperbolic branch) of radiative breaking of the electroweak symmetry (Phys. Rev. D58, 096004 (1998)), suppression of CP violation effects and the cancellation mechanism in supersymmetry (Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 2565 (1991); Phys. Rev. D58, 111301 (1998)), the first precision analyses of sparticle spectrum and of the relic density (Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 725 (1992), Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 3696 (1993)), and the first complete analysis of proton decay in SUGRA models (Phys. Rev. D32, 2348 (1985)).
His other contributions include development of the effective Lagrangian approach to pion physics, solution to the notorious U(1) problem (Phys. Rev. D23, 473 (1981)), contemporaneous to the work of Veneziano and Witten, the first analytic computation of SO(10) interactions (Phys. Lett. B 506, 68 (2001), Nucl. Phys. B618, 138 (2001)), and more recently the Stueckelberg extension of the Standard Model and of the MSSM (Phys. Lett. B 586, 366 (2004), Nucl. Phys. B681, 77 (2004)). | <urn:uuid:62d37013-da9e-4e4f-8cef-064c7db6192c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cos.northeastern.edu/people/pran-nath/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.807494 | 453 | 1.570313 | 2 |
This book examines the evolution of American universities during the years following World War II. Emphasizing the importance of change at the campus level, the book combines a general consideration of national trends with a close study of eight diverse universities in Massachusetts. Theeight are Harvard, M.I.T., Tufts, Brandeis, Boston University, Boston College, Northeastern and the University of Massachusetts. Broad analytic chapters examine major developments like expansion, the rise of graduate education and research, the professionalization of the faculty, and the decline ofgeneral education. These chapters also review criticisms of academia that arose in the late 1960s and the fate of various reform proposals during the 1970s. Additional chapters focus on the eight campuses to illustrate the forces that drove different kinds of institutions--research universities,college-centered universities, urban private universities and public universities--in responding to the circumstances of the postwar years. | <urn:uuid:a2d28456-f565-4a15-9291-ca86b9944aeb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/academias-golden-age-universities-in/9780195054644-item.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00377-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.910989 | 180 | 2.15625 | 2 |
This week, I'm discussing the following questions:
- Does planning have any place in unschooling?
- Can we make attractive planners using Evernote?
- Will I continue my Evernote workshop series?
- How does balance fit into an unschooling life?
- Why is it very important that we let our kids follow their passions and interests?
- Is it okay to acknowledge our kids' talents?
- Can we praise our kids?
- Are we obliged to develop and use our own talents?
- Can reality, lifestyle and documentary TV series provide us with lots of wonderful learning experiences?
- How do we make homeschool record notes about TV shows we've watched?
The Big Painting Challenge (episodes available on Youtube at time of posting)
Thank you for listening to this episode. If you enjoy my podcast, please consider writing a review and sharing the link so we can spread the word about unschooling!
Please feel welcome to visit my blog Stories of an Unschooling Family to leave a comment on today's episode. Or just stop by to say hello! | <urn:uuid:e22bae58-0fdb-4db0-bf60-53bacd9b9320> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://storiesofanunschoolingfamily.podbean.com/2017/12/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.923737 | 232 | 1.90625 | 2 |
|What is MacMusic?|
MacMusic appeared on the web, September 29th 1997. It is today a huge community of audio professionals, motivated by the wide possibilities, offered by Macintosh computers to create music...
Our main goal is to permanently gather around a virtual table, Musicians, Composers, Sound engineers, Producers, Distributors and most of all, Mac addicts throughout the world. Therefore, MacMusic offers a real time acces to priceless information as well as an incredible data base resource, useful to our jobs and/or passions.
Thanks to the continuous support of our subscribers and visitors, MacMusic has continuously been growing. Therefore visitors can easily access great information concerning softwares, mastering, audio interfaces, cables, and even know more about the micro processors sexuality. They will also find recent news, updates, drivers, freewares, documentation, links as well as very dynamic forums and mailing lists.
The spirit of the site is faithful to the early internet?s community. Each visitor can freely take advantage of the many MacMusic?s services. In exchange, we ask them to contribute as much as they can to the expansion of our data base. That?s the only way for them to keep THEIR site permanently up to date.
|Who are we?|
Well we have been 1 person for way to long b...
François Déchery is the founder, the administrator, the web designer, the moderator, the sleepless, the sweeper, etc.
The Team has lately (and happily) grown with the arrival of authors, designers, translators, programmers, freelancers and even commercials permitting MacMusic to stay the uncontested leader in the Mac, Fun and Music field.
To know more about our staff or contact us, come visit the MacMusic Team. | <urn:uuid:28fee0e7-9d5d-4ac2-91ea-57f411a93f26> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.macmusic.org/about/aboutus.php?lang=en | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00347-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939498 | 373 | 1.523438 | 2 |
This is Clovelly’s 14th Century Harbour wall. Apparently they started building it in the 13th century and then extended it in the 16th, and lengthened it again in 1826.
For those who aren’t familiar with Clovelly, it is a small village in Devon, the county beside Cornwall where we live. What makes it different from the many sea-side villages here in England? Well for one, it’s the only village that is privately owned and has been associated with only three families since the 13th century.
So yep, you can’t buy a house here in Clovelly, nor rent. I think you have to apply to live there (that is, if there are any vacant houses at all!), and be approved by the custodian of the village.
Clovelly is a beautiful village. It’s as if time has stopped ticking here. The streets are cobbled and the old cottages still stand the way they stood hundreds of years ago. If you’re in the area and haven’t visited, this is one place you simply have to visit! Though a word of warning, they do charge and admittedly, I found it a bit of a turn-off they way they’ve commercialised the village. But that’s just me.
W is for Wall. | <urn:uuid:d027bb7c-d3e6-4f8e-9d6f-e75f9d35af6a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://motherslittlesteps.com/uncategorized/w-is-for-wall/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00173-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964612 | 287 | 1.875 | 2 |
The library induction is conducted during new intake time. It aims to introduce new students to the collections, services and facilities offered by the library
The library orientation orients the users about the resources of the libray and instructs how to use the libray resources. The users are informed about the types of literature, types of information retrieval devices (OPAC/WEBOPAC), the major reference sources on a particular subject, etc. The orientation would enable the users to answer these questions: How is the material organized within the library? How can information be retrieved? What are the techniques by which information is recorded?
The Libray provides access to the Plagiarism Detection Software (iThenticate) through INFLIBNET. To get access to the software, provide SMVDU e-mail address.
Sodhganga: Theses & Dissertations:
The Ph. D. Theses of SMVD University are uploaded to the Shodhganga Repository of INFLIBNET on regular basis as and when a new thesis is received in the library.
Book Exhibitions are organized by the library for selecting books by going through the contents of the books for procurement by the renowned publishers/vendors worldwide.
Presentations are conducted for the use of various products & services(e-journals, e-books, etc.) by various representatives of the publishers.
Trainings are provided to the users on Plagiarism Detection software, use of e-resources, use of various tools for study & research etc. | <urn:uuid:211ad263-41fa-4a28-aa83-fa420ffe1853> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://smvdu.ac.in/library-acitivities.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00145-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.931797 | 320 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Early week pleasant before more rain, strong cold front
A front has moved through, winds have subsided and seasonable weather is on tap for the first two days of May. More rain, possibly heavy, is pegged for mid-week.
Today and Tonight: Your Monday will feature pleasant weather. With a front through to the east, cooler and drier air has taken hold with high temperatures stopping near 80 degrees. Abundant sunshine is expected through the day. The U.V. Index will be maxed out today, so be sure to wear sunscreen, a hat and sunglasses if spending time outside. Tonight will be clear and quiet with lows near 56 degrees.
Sunday, the entire area received rain, as expected. About 2-4 inches fell with maximum amounts in northern East Baton Rouge Parish and West Baton Rouge Parish. Parts of St. Mary Parish only picked up about an inch.
Up Next: Some humidity will creep back late Tuesday, but likely not to the levels reached over the weekend. By Wednesday evening, more rain and storms will arrive. Right now, the threat for severe weather doesn't look too great, but an additional 2-3 inches of rain may fall, which given Sunday’s precipitation, could create some flooding issues. The cold front responsible for this active weather will cool the area considerably. In fact, some places in the forecast area could reach the upper 40s by Friday night! Into the weekend, the weather is looking outstanding for outdoor plans with sunny skies, cooler than average temperatures and low humidity.
Per the Climate Prediciton Center, the month of May will feature above average temperatures in the west with below avergae temperatures in the Ohio Valley. Southeast Louisiana and Southwest Mississippi will find thermometers averaging out near normal. For perspective, normal in early May means highs in the low 80s and lows in the low 60s and by late May highs should be in the upper 80s with lows in the upper 60s.
THE SCIENCE: The combination of largely zonal flow in the mid and upper levels along with a strong ridge of high pressure in the low levels will keep a relatively dry and stable airmass in place across the forecast area both today and tomorrow. As the high pushes to the east tomorrow the weak cold pool will also depart resulting in a return to more seasonable highs in the middle 80s. Conditions will begin to rapidly transition tomorrow night as a fast moving shortwave feature ejects out of the Four Corners region and slides into Texas. Increasing positive vorticity advection and forcing over a broad baroclinic zone in the western Gulf will result in the formation of a warm front. Mid-level flow will also increase noticeably through the night, and expect to see a 30 to 35 knot low level jet develop by daybreak on Wednesday over the western Gulf and southwest Louisiana. Low level moisture convergence will take place along the warm front, and expect to see scattered showers and isolated thunderstorms begin forming after midnight just west of the forecast area. Our area will remain on the more stable side of the boundary tomorrow night and temperatures should cool into the upper 50s and lower 60s. Wednesday should be increasingly unsettled as more favorable jet dynamics form over the Gulf South and the warm front surges inland into the forecast area. A 75 to 80 knot jet streak should develop over Mississippi and Alabama placing the forecast area in a favorable region of enhanced upper level forcing during the afternoon and evening hours. Additionally, a 40 to 50 knot low level jet should be over the area in the afternoon and early evening hours. It looks like the front should be draped in a northwest to southeast orientation extending from near Baton Rouge through the New Orleans area in the afternoon and evening hours. After reviewing model soundings for the area, there is a window for some possibly strong to severe thunderstorms to affect areas near the warm front during the afternoon and evening hours on Wednesday. Conditions turn less favorable north of the front across Southwest Mississippi and the MS Gulf coast where any convection should remain elevated due to a stable layer existing near the surface. Storm relative helicity values should exceed 300m2/s2 in the vicinity of the front, and overall bulk shear in the lowest 6km should be over 55 knots. Ample instability is also noted with MLCAPE values of 1000 to 1500 J/KG noted near the warm front. These parameters would support the development of some supercell thunderstorms capable of producing strong damaging winds, tornadoes, and hail. During the overnight hours of Wednesday night, the impacts associated with the warm front should dissipate as a deepening longwave trough digs into the Mississippi Valley driving a cold front toward the forecast area. The wind field should become less favorable for tornadic development as a line of thunderstorms in advance of the front rolls through the forecast area before daybreak on Thursday. However, decent speed shear and near unidirectional winds throughout the column could support a continued damaging wind threat through the overnight hours. The other concern will be locally heavy rainfall throughout the event Wednesday and Wednesday night. Storm total rainfall could exceed 3 inches in a few spots. Temperatures will begin to cool quickly after the front moves through, and expect to see lows dip into the lower to middle 50s over northwest portions of the forecast area by daybreak on Thursday. Once the system clears the coastal waters Thursday morning, conditions will become very benign for the upcoming weekend. A deep layer northwest flow regime will set up on Thursday and remain in place through Sunday. Strong negative vorticity advection and subsidence throughout the atmospheric column will keep skies clear. The northwest flow pattern will also allow for a deep layer cold pool to advect into the area on Thursday and Friday. Daytime highs should only rise into the lower 70s on Thursday and the middle 70s on Friday. Under clear skies, overnight lows will easily dip into the 40s and 50s each night. These readings are well below average. Some moderation in temperatures is expected for Saturday and Sunday as the cold pool shifts farther to the east and some weak southerly flow develops in the low levels. However, temperatures should remain cooler than normal with highs only rising to near 80 degrees. Lows will cool into the 50s and lower 60s Saturday and Sunday night.
Desktop NewsClick to open Continuous News in a sidebar that updates in real-time.
Lightning strikes Slidell home after storms move through area
After toddler's overdose death and foster parent's rape arrest, DCFS faces questions...
Capital area businesses considering scrapping LA Wallet as valid form of ID
Despite pleas from victims' families, double-murderer with life sentence gets parole
Bond hearing for mother blamed in toddler's overdose death delayed | <urn:uuid:eac4f20f-db57-4e33-991a-c9d2d7a45fc4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wbrz.com/news/early-week-pleasant-before-more-rain-strong-cold-front/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.943478 | 1,393 | 1.5 | 2 |
Reading Time: 10 minutes
Mohori Bibee v. Dharmodas Ghose (1903 SCC OnLine PC 4. ) (Mohori Bibee)was a Privy Council judgement pronounced at the dawn of the twentieth century which aptly dealt with the ambit of minor’s agreement. The court interpreted the relevant provisions pertaining to the Indian Contract Act, 1872 (The Act) in considering the validity of an agreement with a minor. This case in many ways put an end to a dilemma which was initiated in the English judicial system before the passage of the Infants Relief Act, 1874 regarding the legal implications of contracts with minors.
With such legislation in hand, the status of contracts with minors shifted from being voidable (with the infant having a right to enforce them against the third party, rather than vice versa) to mostly void, albeit with a few exceptions. The colonial rule mirrored the fundamentals of English common law jurisprudence in India. But the Indian judiciary’s interpretation of the Colonial perspective saw a change with Mohori Bibee which vehemently held that an agreement with a minor is void ab-initio. It paved the way for a lot of legal implications concerning minors as stakeholders or beneficiaries.
The Factual Scenario
Dharmodas Ghose who was a minor at the commencement of the transaction, was the sole owner of an immovable property. His mother was appointed as a legal custodian of his property. The minor mortgaged his property to Brahmo Dutta, a moneylender at a certain amount. The minority of the party was aptly communicated to the mortgagee and his attorney on the date of commencement of such mortgage. On careful appreciation, a discrepancy was discovered with respect to the amount paid. The plaintiff, taking the plea of his minority at the time of execution of the mortgage, filed a suit against the defendant, rendering such an arrangement to be void and inoperative. The defendant inter alia contended that there was misrepresentation by the plaintiff and such request of cancellation of mortgage could only be given effect after a refund of the partial amount of money that had already been advanced to him.
The main issues revolved around the validity of the agreement. The contentions revolved around the fact whether such an agreement was void under Section 2, 10(5) and 11(6) of the Act or not? The second point of contention was whether such agreement with a minor was to be considered voidable or void. Lastly, the question revolved around the consideration of a minor as a ‘beneficiary’ and the fate of such legal obligations.
The Privy Council held contractual arguments with minors to be void and not voidable. It further held that the effect of minority on contractual obligations was to be assessed on a comprehensive reading of Sections 10 and 11. Section 10 vehemently requires the unconditional consent and competence of the contracting parties for such contract to be legally viable. As per Section 11 of the Act, persons who are of unsound mind as well as those disqualified from contracting by any law which they are subject to are incapable of forming a contractual obligation by reason of such disqualification. The court held minority to be one such disqualification. It further held that a contract by a minor would be non-executable against the other party even after such minor had attained majority, as enshrined by a collective reading of Sections 7 and 58 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882. The penultimate part of the judgement held that the minor could not be forced to return the money advanced to him as he was not legally bound by such promise. Further it iterated that a minor was not bound by such contract unless it was related to his necessities.
The position of minors with respect to the execution of contracts had been in a turmoil. Although Section 3 of the Majority Act, 1875 fixed the attainment of 18 years as the standard measure for the age of majority (subject to personal laws), it was silent as to how such fixation would result in contractual obligations involving minors. Mohori Bibee struck a sharp contrast between the Indian and the British interpretations of the legal consequences of minority in a contractual obligation. The British law, drawing its foundation from the common law principles of England, considered such contracts to be voidable with respect to the minors to mostly void with a few general exceptions. (Anson, Law of Contract 184 (1969)). Each case was evaluated on the basis of the factual circumstances, being highly subjective. The Mohori Bibee case put an end to such subjectivity and treated all such contracts as void ab initio, thus providing a uniformity in the treatment of the cases.
Mohori Bibee lacked certain aspects. For instance, it didn’t discuss the applicability of the principle of estoppel, as discussed under Section 115 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, with respect to the contracts involving minors. The principle of estoppel is applicable where a person when making a statement while entering into a transaction cannot retract from such promise when the liability arises. Whether the principle of estoppel was applicable to minors or not was entailed thoroughly in Vaikuntarama Pillai v. Authimoolam Chettiar which clearly stated that the incompetence of the minor takes precedence over the factor of estoppel, hence, holding that a minor due to his incompetence is incapable of incurring any liability for any debt, even the factor of estoppel cannot make him liable.
Although the minors are able to enjoy the goods, they are stopped from obtaining undue benefit from any transaction. The doctrine of restitution comes to play, requiring such minors to restore back the exact goods that have been transferred to them, so long as they are traceable and in their possession. (Leslie (R) Ltd. v. Sheill, (1914) 3 KB 607). But the doctrine is inapplicable in case such goods are consumed, transferred or become non-traceable.
The Indian Contract Act, though restricts the competency of a minor to enter into a contract, however, it does not prevent them from deriving benefits by virtue of incompetency. Hence, as per Section 30 of the Partnership Act, 1930 minors are not allowed to be partners but it is in favour of such minors being admitted to the benefits of partnership. But rendering him beneficiary rights does not automatically render a right of dissolution on the favour of the minors. (Commissioner of Income-Tax, Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad v. Messrs. Kesarimal Hirachand, (1970) 2 Andh W343.)
The term necessities has been given a conducive interpretation in Tejaswini Gaud v. Shekhar Jagdish Prasad Tewari, which held that the term “necessities” had to interpreted keeping in mind the holistic welfare of the child. Hence, it should be inclusive of factors like ethical upbringing, economic well being of the guardian, child’s ordinary comfort, contentment, health, education, etc.
The entire judicial mechanism helps minors, with the judges as their councilors and law as their guardian. But merely protecting the minors’ interest should not amount to their unjust enrichment, creating unnecessary hardships for the persons dealing with a minor. (A.V. v. iParadigms, Co., 544 F. Supp. 2d 473 E.D. Va. 2008) The Law Commission of India in their different reports suggested some amendments, thus new sections are designed and proposed in doctrine of estoppels, Specific Relief Act and Indian Contract Act. Minority should be used as a shield and not a sword. The judgment in Mohori Bibee case should not be applicable where a minor knowingly misrepresents the minority either directly or indirectly. It is suggested that the majority should not be strictly based on age but on the psychological capacities of the minors at the time of forming such an agreement. A minor must do equity, if he anticipates the same.
Author: Shouraseni Chakraborty, student of National University Of Study And Research In Law, Ranchi. | <urn:uuid:8a7ceb1f-af97-408b-889b-c7b2e5554408> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lexlife68840978.wordpress.com/tag/law-of-contract/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.96061 | 1,675 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Sometimes, I feel crafty. I get these wild ideas and set out to make the cutest DIYs. But then I get lazy. And I remember I really don’t love to craft. But I had this fun idea for fabric bugs as a Halloween craft. So I made some. And they turned out pretty cute. It’s a great way to add some color to your other Halloween decor.
Some links in this post may be affiliate links. As an Amazon Associate in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, I earn from qualifying purchases by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. I also participate in other affiliate programs for other retailers. Updated. Originally posted October, 2015.
Cute Fabric Bugs Halloween Craft Idea
Bugs are not awesome. But I can totally tolerate these fabric bugs. These bugs are even kind of cute. I like to imagine that if one of these bugs bit you, you would end up with a cute little heart-shaped scar and be filled with happiness venom.
But that is not an invitation for bugs to come bite me. Back off, bugs.
- cute fabric(with a small print or pattern)
- Styrofoam Craft Balls and Styrofoam piecesto help form the bugs head and body parts
- Mod Podge
- Craft Wire
- Hot Glue
How To Make a Fabric Stuffed Bugs
Follow this simple tutorial and you’ll be able to make your own fabric bugs just like the one you see here. Halloween fabric crafts always look so cool. I love that you can tell they are homemade (usually – well, if I make them) and they are usually not all gross like a severed arm.
I guess you could make a fabric severed arm…maybe next year.
1. Make the Bug’s Body
There are two ways to make the bug’s body – choose the way that you like the most.
The first way is to use a combination of stuffing and styrofoam pieces to make the body shapes that I covered with fabric. Another way I made the bodies was to create a small pillow-type pocket with the fabric before stuffing it. This was no-sew and I just used hot glue in place of stitching.
2. Make the Bug’s Head
To make the bug’s head, cover some small styrofoam balls with fabric. Then, apply Mod Podge to keep it all in place.
3. Bend Wire for Legs
Then, just bend some cut wire for the legs. It’s really that simple.
I just love a good non-scary Halloween decoration, don’t you? Stuffed bugs are totally not scary.
I love that I can set these cute fabric craft bugs around my house and have pops of color and creep without being something bloody or gory. You should totally make this fabric bug Halloween craft this year!
Halloween Fabric Bug Ideas
I had fun just making this by myself. Easy crafts like this are so satisfying, especially since I can finish them in an afternoon.
But these are so easy to make that you could gather your family or friends together and have a Halloween craft party. Then everyone can take their bugs home at the end.
You can also put these adorable bugs inside a Halloween gift basket and hand them out to teachers or anyone else that might need a little boost.
More Halloween Ideas
Pin this tutorial for later
Make these cute fabric bugs for Halloween this year! | <urn:uuid:39a469ea-c9f9-4e00-8f1b-aa939690efb2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cupcakesandcutlery.com/fabric-bug-halloween-craft/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.933661 | 730 | 1.8125 | 2 |
The Department of Labor announced today it will stabilize the wages paid to guest farmworkers. The Adverse Effect Wage Rate (AEWR) will remain at 2020 rates for the next two years.
The following statement may be attributed to American Farm Bureau President Zippy Duvall:
“Farmers are committed to paying their employees a fair wage, but the existing system sets unpredictable rates that make it hard for farmers to remain competitive. The Department of Labor’s decision to maintain current pay rates for the next two years for the majority of H-2A employers provides stability during the uncertainty created by the pandemic and trade imbalances. While this decision does not solve all of the wage issues, it is a step in the right direction. We look forward to continuing our work on meaningful agricultural labor reform through the regulatory or legislative processes.”
Read the final rule. | <urn:uuid:7d8d2008-400a-4453-a59a-95aab6da45ea> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fb.org/newsroom/department-of-labor-stabilizes-farmworker-pay | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.953439 | 180 | 1.890625 | 2 |
Spring cleaning is a healthy tradition. If only politicians did it!
When Barack Obama ran for president, he promised to clean house, “I’m not a Democrat who believes that we can or should defend every government program just because it’s there. There are some that don’t work.”
I cheered when I heard that! But politicians always say they’ll get rid of waste. Then, once in power, they spend more. Obama sure has.
“We just need to cut back!” said Obama, the candidate. He promised to end “waste at the Economic Development Agency and the Export-Import Bank that’s become little more than a fund for corporate welfare.” Good for him. Yet both programs thrive: The Ex-Im Bank just gave another $8 billion to Boeing, and the EDA spent $2 million to build a wine-tasting room and “culinary amphitheater.”
Taxpayers were also forced to give $150,000 to promote a puppet festival on Long Island, $98,000 to build an outhouse in Alaska, and a million dollars to “study the influence of romance through novels and film.”
Both the left and right denounce the other party’s spending, but expensive waste is supported by both. Neither party makes much effort to cut farm subsidies or NASA — or to end subsidies for big corporations, the people who need it least. Sen. Tom Coburn, R-Okla., is the rare conservative critic of waste who doesn’t spare the military. On my show this week, he points out that the Pentagon destroyed $7 billion worth of weapons in Afghanistan and Iraq instead of shipping them home. “That just shows you the inefficiency,” says Coburn.
Mattie Duppler, of Americans for Tax Reform, likens recipients of government handouts to ticks that suck the populace’s blood.
Welfare for businesses is even more harmful than welfare for poor people, because it kills the free enterprise that creates real prosperity. “When you’ve got government putting its thumb on the scale,” says Duppler, “saying this business deserves more attention, more money, more government support than another one, that’s … the centrally planned economy.”
Centrally planned economies bring stagnation and poverty.
Many people concerned about big government focus on high taxes. High taxes are bad, but I worry more about the spending. Spending is a tax. Since government has no money of its own, the spending money must come from you.
Today I worry even more about the sheer quantity of rules. There are now 170,000 pages of federal laws and many more local rules. If you can’t get a job, there’s a good chance that this spider web of regulations is the reason why.
After recessions, employment used to bounce back quickly, but not this time. What employer wants to hire when doing so requires fighting incomprehensible complexity and risking punishment for violating some obscure rule? I’d be afraid to build a serious business. Today’s laws are so complex even the lawyers don’t understand them.
And the clutter gets worse. Every day, regulators craft more rules. It’s always more. If you’re a regulator, and you don’t add rules, you think you’re not doing your job.
So now that spring is about to arrive, let’s give government that overdue cleaning. Eliminate half the 170,000 pages of federal laws, scrap useless Cabinet departments, and cut the $4 trillion in spending in half. We could move about so much more freely if our lives weren’t buried in government’s junk.
Laws stop me from opening my own lemonade stand, dictate where kids must attend school, and forbid voluntary interactions between consenting adults. Clean this stuff away!
When government is big, we become smaller. When we’re trapped in the web of their rules, we don’t innovate; we become passive.
To clean house, pass the Stossel Rule. It’s simple: For every new regulation bureaucrats pass, they must repeal five old ones.
It would be a start.
Latest posts by John Stossel (see all)
- Sacrificing Freedom for Ethanol Corn Subsidies - 2016.02.01
- Politicians Ignorance of Capitalist Free Market Economics - 2016.01.22
- Sorry, Obama Didn’t Build That: Americans Progress Despite Obama’s Regressive Policies - 2016.01.14
- Want To Know Who the Next President Will Be? - 2016.01.14
- 2015: A Great Time To Be Alive - 2015.12.31 | <urn:uuid:e50bad66-a276-4865-8fe8-d337cd9f10c8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://capitalismmagazine.com/2014/03/spring-clean-government/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00214-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927566 | 1,015 | 1.6875 | 2 |
GEOTHERMAL HEATING AND COOLING SYSTEMS
OOR HEATING MAINTENANCE SERVICES
GEOTHERMAL HEATING & COOLING
The Furnace Man can help you use more and save more with Geothermal.
Whether you prefer the “green” of the environmental impact or keeping your hard earned “greenbacks” in your pocket, geothermal is the kind of green that we can all agree on!
Top Benefits of Geothermal Energy in Dayton, OH
Low Operating Cost:
Most systems will operate on approximately 70% of what a conventional system would cost. Lower energy costs preserve income for other expenses. Energy costs today represent about 25% of the annual household budget and that number is expected to be 40% by the year 2023. Not only will you reduce your energy costs but you can also accurately predict them from year to year. No more worrying about what fuel prices will be next year!
No more turning up the television when the furnace starts! Oil burners are effective at burning oil but they are very noisy about it. Conventional outdoor air conditioning condensers are noisy and can ruin a peaceful afternoon outdoors. A geothermal heat pump has a small condenser located inside the heat pump that runs quietly and efficiently without causing any noise disruption to you and your family.
If being green is your motivation, geothermal is your answer! Electricity can be generated by a private solar collection system or green power can be purchased through exchanges making the system 100% green. With no combustion, geothermal systems emit no carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide. Breathe easy knowing your geothermal heating & cooling system is carbon neutral.
Clean and Safe:
There is no combustion in a geothermal heat pump and there is no fuel stored on-site; therefore, there is no danger of spills or carbon monoxide poisoning.
Positive Cash Flow:
A geothermal heating and cooling system is an investment. Think of it as drilling your own personal oil or natural gas well in your backyard. That energy is now yours forever. A household that is pre-buying oil each heating season is essentially already paying for geothermal. Twelve months of loan payments with interest and the electricity to run the geothermal heat pump may be the same (or maybe even less) than the annual expense of oil. It makes economic sense.
Answers To Common Questions About Geothermal
How much does Geothermal really cost?
Well, there’s a lot of misinformation on the internet and a lot of the information available may be many years old. If you look at the article you’re reading, make sure that it’s dated 2020 or 2021. Some articles may be from as far back as 2010-2011. Material costs have increased, drilling costs have increased, labor costs have increased, and a lot of times these bloggers that are discussing products don’t really understand the costs associated or may not be including all of the costs required to create a fully functional operational system. there are many factors that cause the price to vary.
Size of the home, quality of insulation, amount of doors and windows and more can impact the cost of a geothermal system. Please call The Furnace Man at (937) 660-5473 to get specific pricing for your geothermal project.
Does ground temperature equal house temperature?
We get this question a lot. There is a lot of misinformation on this topic out there.
The quick answer is no.
In detail, geothermal uses the temperature in the earth or with the energy in the earth to affect a refrigerant. The process changes the state of a refrigerant from a liquid to a gas. We run that through a compressor and squish it back down. When anything is compressed, it gives off its energy. So we use that energy to create either 120 degree water or 105, 108-degree air.
With geothermal, we’re taking a fluid loop consisting of water and denatured alcohol, and we send it down the geothermal bore hole in the earth, and it will pick up energy. It will increase in temperature while it’s traveling through the bore hole in the earth.
Let’s say that fluid is at 47 degrees when it comes out of the earth and goes through the compressor in the heat pump and then we rob the temperature off it. We send that same fluid back down the hole again and it may be 42 degrees, 40 degrees, 39 degrees. So we‘re robbing a few degrees off of it in order to keep that refrigerant cycle going, boosting those temperatures.
Can’t I just hook my baseboard system up to my geothermal system?
With geothermal, the hottest water we can generate is about 120 degrees; 118, 120 on a good day. Baseboard radiators are a high-temperature type of radiation. They really require 150-degree water to even begin emitting BTUs. They’re really happiest at 180 or 190 degrees. If we were to send 120-degree water to your baseboard heater it’s not even going to recognize it. It’s just not going to put out any heat.
The best way to install geothermal in an existing home with a baseboard system would be with a redundant ducted system leaving your baseboard system in place as supplemental.
Call Today for a Free Heating Installation Quote
We are ready to serve you | <urn:uuid:1cd27deb-5e15-467e-899f-4d878d1c387a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thefurnacemanohio.com/geo-thermal-heating-cooling-systems-dayton-oh/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.936475 | 1,132 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Composting in SchoolsPosted in Category Organic Gardening | by Harrod Horticultural
Composting is a great subject for the school curriculum. It embraces science, nature and really opens our eyes to the environment and the future - oh, and I forgot history as it's been around for quite a while! Let's fast forward back to the present day and see what our horticulturist Martin Fiddes has to say about composting in schools and what materials you really shouldn't be putting in your compost bin, heap or tumbler.
Compostumblers generally produce usable compost far more quickly than a conventional bin or heap and although this may not be of utmost importance in this situation, it does take a lot of the basic heap maintenance away. I presume that from an educational stance – and knowing how impatient children can be – the quicker you can see results in the bin, the better!
Unfortunately, although the Compostumblers are highly efficient at rapidly breaking down compostable matter and can produce core temperatures of almost 70°C in the degradation phase, they are not recommended by either the manufacturer or myself for decomposing the usual ‘frowned upon’ types of kitchen waste - meat, bones and dairy products. As well as attracting rats (not the most popular visitors to a school premises I would imagine!) - although this is not so much a problem with the relatively vermin-proof tumbler – which you don't really want nesting in your compost heap, the high temperatures attained are often not maintained for a long enough period to kill off any undesirable pathogens and bones in particular – although good for creating air spaces – will not break down in a hurry. How feasible it is for you to filter out these composting ‘bad guys’ I’m not sure but it would certainly help with filling your tumbler.
Most councils are now using highly sophisticated ‘in vessel’ computer controlled composting systems which heat the waste deposited in your green (the colour varies across the county) wheelie bins to a precise temperature for a certain period so all meat and dairy waste is pre-treated prior to natural windrow composting.
You might also be interested to hear about the Animal By-Products Regulations 2003 which forbids the composting of catering waste without prior approval, although this does not extend to home composting and was introduced primarily to prevent outbreaks of animal disease such as foot and mouth and avian flu. The regulations state that you must not keep ruminant animals and pigs on your premises (unlikely in a school!) and any chickens must not be able to gain access to the compost bin during decomposition.
The very best way of composting cooked kitchen waste is to use a wormery and from an educational viewpoint, you might want to supplement your composting activities with one of these incredible systems. Once established, worm colonies are fascinating to observe – especially for children – and they will happily accept and devour any excess kitchen waste along with shredded paper and produce a fine, very high quality compost known as wormcast, which I’m sure you’ll find a use for in the school garden or even sell to boost funds! A wormery does take a little looking after (school holidays in particular) but as there are some on the market that can be easily moved, this may not be an issue. | <urn:uuid:fd6621f7-5bd1-402e-9377-ae30fd1f9704> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.harrodhorticultural.com/composting-in-schools-pgid910.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00188-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958931 | 689 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Prospects for Saline Agriculture
Saline land is a resource capable of significant production. Recent advances in research in breeding for salt tolerance in wheat, biotechnology in rice, and selection and rehabilitation of salt-tolerant plants are of economic importance in arid/saline conditions. This book gives some practical approaches for saline agriculture and afforestation, and describes examples of cultivating salt-tolerant/halophytic plants for commercial interest on salt-affected land or with highly salinized water in Australia, China, Central Asia, Egypt, Pakistan, and Russia. It also explores the possibilities of arid/saline agriculture and afforestation in UAE.
- Authors / Editors:
- R. Ahmad; K.A. Malik
- 299.00 USD; 245.03 EUR; 181.00 GBP
- Print ISSN: | <urn:uuid:3cb93b06-5a92-477c-8519-600bf0160a42> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.agriculture-xprt.com/books/prospects-for-saline-agriculture-19910 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00295-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.819165 | 177 | 2.328125 | 2 |
At the time of the fall 2012 gift of $45 million gift from The Duke Endowment for projects to foster a greater synthesis of academic "thought leadership" on campus, President Carol Quillen said: "The Davidson experience is characterized by three opportunities–students doing original work, exploring connections between how they learn and how they live, and investigating connections across the arts and sciences."
Davidson's multi-semester Humanities Program–a half-century strong now–has been and remains central to those opportunities, ever refining in students what the program's founders called a "habit of connecting."
In 1962, the effort of trying to connect the broad sweep of history and meaning turned out to be deep, also-so much so that the whole group of 102 inaugural "Humes" students, not to mention their professors, nearly burned out from sheer reading. One professor recalls telling students to skip their homework, to take a day off and "go play golf or something."
In the mid-90s, Humes leaders saw that change was necessary for continuity. The result was Cultures and Civilizations, a one-year course that can be viewed as an alternative sibling program to Humes.
Facetiously nicknamed "Inhumanities" during its formative time, Cultures and Civilizations incorporated larger sections of 25-30 students team-taught by two professors. The curriculum was organized around themes and global civilizations and their common fault lines, often drawing on a "call-and-response" pairing of related texts to evoke connections.
"You have to interrogate these works until you understand or sympathize with something," says Franny Goffinet '13.
John Douglas, M.D. '74, chief medical officer of the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention at the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, recalls an exercise with Professor of English Tony Abbott, in which he wrote an essay in the style of Michel de Montaigne.
"It was like acting on paper," says Douglas. "It was a great way to learn the material."
Those skills came in handy much later in his professional career in a politically sensitive project that reached all the way to the White House.
"That work didn't involve Plato and Aquinas, but it did involve some sort of historical context and ethics and politics of the era. Could I have done that work as well if I hadn't taken Humanities?" | <urn:uuid:b635004a-d5ea-4e36-9ac6-edc6256864b4> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.davidson.edu/news/news-stories/130924-the-humanities-program-at-50 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719286.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00499-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970786 | 507 | 1.6875 | 2 |
As you reflect on the successes and challenges of the semester, mulling changes to readings, assignments and various pedagogical approaches, please consider this series of short pedagogical workshops being offered by the Brooklyn College Open Education Resources Project and the Center for Teaching and Learning. These workshops illustrate different ways of enacting the belief that students, as part of their learning, can be—and should be—not only consumers of knowledge but also producers of it. Each workshop will connect you with a technologist who can assist you and your students with the digital tools used to support various pedagogies.
-- Miriam Deutch, Director, Brooklyn College Open Education Resources
-- Madeline Fox, Director, Roberta S. Matthews Center for Teaching and Learning at Brooklyn College
Date: October 8, 12:30-2:00 pm
As digital course materials become more widely used in the classroom, instructors have the opportunity to take advantage of modes of engagement that aren’t feasible with print/analog texts. In particular, many freely-available digital annotation tools such as Hypothes.is, Slack and CUNY Academic Commons Group Forum offer the potential for richer engagement with text, both individually and in groups. This workshop will feature a demonstration of courses utilizing digital annotation for textual and media content, the tools and structures that work in different classroom environments, and a discussion of the challenges and opportunities created by digital annotation.
Date: October 15, 12:30-2:00 pm
This workshop will introduce faculty to easy-to-use web-based mapping and podcasting tools for engaging student projects. Online mapping tools offer creative environments in which students can pull together multimedia elements into a shared, visual space. From representing locations found in literature to annotating historical sites and visualizing geospatial data, these tools can tie learning to real-world knowledge and enable the creation of scholarly resources that extend beyond the confines of the classroom.
Date: October 22, 12:30-2:00 pm
Participants will learn how to support student assignments based on the production of podcasts or audio recordings and video recordings, with an emphasis on tools and methods for production and distribution. Video Recordings or podcasts offer students an opportunity to combine classroom learning with research, address a major analytical issue with a creative approach and learn about presenting information for a public audience. This workshop will cover technical approaches to making podcasts and other types of audio for varied web and mobile use cases, video recording resources and models to use for creative inspiration, and best practices for implementing successful audio and video assignments.
Date: October 29, 12:00pm – 1:00 pm
Learn how to use Manifold, and Scalar open-source platforms that allow instructors to create textbooks, course materials and monographs as interactive online books that can also be easily exported and distributed as ebooks, PDF, and print-on-demand formats. You can create dynamic course materials by publishing custom editions of public domain texts and open educational resources (OER). Instructors can embed additional notes, files, images, videos, and interactive content into the text to create an interactive multimedia experience. Manifold and Scalar also support social reading through collaborative annotations that can deepen student engagement with OER course materials. Social annotation helps teach students how to engage in the digital public sphere. Both platforms format well on phones and tablets as well as desktop computers | <urn:uuid:b80088b0-306a-46c3-8ea5-174883c0e40d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://libguides.brooklyn.cuny.edu/research/oer/workshops | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.920971 | 688 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Harper government dismisses study on climate effects of Keystone pipeline
The Harper government is dismissing an economic analysis on how the proposed Keystone XL pipeline project could effect climate change.
The study released yesterday says U.S. government findings that Keystone wouldn’t make a significant climate difference missed a major source of greenhouse gas emissions.
Co-author Peter Erickson says it doesn’t appear American officials looked at the implications of an increased supply of fuel.
He says greater supply could force prices down and prompt more consumption that could cause four times the emissions the U-S is predicting.
The authors acknowledge their study doesn’t answer whether Keystone XL would encourage oilsands expansion or simply provide an outlet for growth that would have happened anyway.
The federal government says that’s a key point that undermines the study’s findings.
Ottawa also says the study doesn’t factor in that Keystone crude would replace Middle East sour crude that causes more pollution.
© 2014 The Canadian Press | <urn:uuid:35a0788e-f3f6-42b3-a3bc-611df68eeb18> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://globalnews.ca/news/1502329/harper-government-dismisses-study-on-climate-effects-of-keystone-pipeline/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720962.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00385-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941402 | 206 | 2.21875 | 2 |
There’s a sound that a pick-axe makes when it’s plunged into the earth and dragged back out again; it’s the sound of metal opening the history of our lives, slamming into our powdery souls with a thick ferocity of hefted weight and muscle and sinew and limb…a stretching of cloth and skin in the arc toward the heavens of the steel head and hardwood handle singing through the air…and the slight visceral grunt as it lands with that freighted slice and drive through soil and rock, echoes cleaving the dust and clay that is ourselves and then…
there’s a sound that a saw makes when its teeth rip through the fibers of wood and brush; it’s the sound of a serrated blade slicing into our fingers or hands, driving through the cells of meat and unto bone…fine or rusted edges of metal rending our woody flesh, tearing it neatly into pieces that we hone and fit and hammer back together into other forms that cover and shelter us against the elements and gods; we take it with our hands and break it into pieces that will warm us or feed us, sometimes with the muted, wet splaying of green wood that wouldn’t break cleanly…like joints pulled backwards against nature and form…or with the sharp echoes of cracking branches and bones that flee into time and then…
there’s a sound that a scythe makes when it passes through grass and the wheat of the field; it’s the sound of an icy razor lifted and throwing light back at the sun, of muscles on shoulders and hips swaying in a life-rhythm and a whisper through the air and a shhhhhh through the grass as cell membranes burst against the blade and green it in its passing, dust and skin and grass and stem, seed-heads swaying in the breeze of man and his motion, aloft in the sky and a shhhhhh to the ground, the echoes of sunshine and air falling on the riching earth and then…
there’s a sound that flesh makes when it tears in that moment of thrust and climb, of muscle pounding into a hallowed cave; it’s the sound of hinge-less doors opening beneath a fusing flood of life and stranded helices, recombinant forms and particles charging, of a new pulse rising in a hidden place, one cell beating and beating…becoming…that time draws forth as it rips again, that sacred fleshy vault, echoes of life and death in a moment’s strain…and then…
there’s a sound that a house makes when it no longer harbors life within; it’s the sound of a derelict wind stealing through empty window panes and hollow echoes fading into the oblivion of lost time and then, memories disappearing like vapors drawn, weak flashes in smiles and tears, images forming and fading as sunlight passes through dust motes hanging…and when the moon finds night-time corners…sliding feet on worn boards, oil from hands on banisters evaporating molecules at a time, riding the ether of ever and gone, echoes of laughter and pain, no longer anchored with heartbeats away…echoes no longer anchored with heartbeats away…and then….
***Photo used with permission by Gary D. Bolstad at Krikitarts. The photograph was taken along the side of the road somewhere in Minnesota when Gary was returning home after a vacation in the woods. I encourage you to visit Gary’s site to share in his beautiful photography that demonstrates his love and fascination with our natural world.
I found you here the other day, in a windswept cemetery next to a highway where trucks and cars and all manner of other wheeled things go rushing past in their hurry of doing this and that.
…and saw you lying there with a stone for a crown and wild flowers and grasses for a burial gown…and I wondered so at how you came to be there.
…when I was a passerby on that same long highway, going to get my little one, to join her with the one who traveled with me. We stopped to see you on a cloudy day with drops of rain both here and there.
…as I walked among your family members, as I trod the grass and smelled the wet desert air swirl about my reddening cheeks and numbing fingers, as I wondered about my days and yours in the steel-flavored wind.
…and saw you there and noticed that you shared your birthday with my little one, although yours was 110 years before his. You only lived for 13 months and were gone, and gone away, and brought here, to where I would find you.
…and you were special in my heart, even though I never knew you. The wind froze tears on my cheeks as I thought of your mother holding you that last time, as I thought of my little one…and I wondered so…
…and I found you there.
I wandered out of my neighborhood proper this evening for my regular walk, out of the familiar realm and into another, past the new-ish houses that line and dot the area and into the older parts, the more ancient, if that is not too exaggerated of a word for the homes and hearths that rest and belong in this other area. I walked past houses with fireplaces lit and burning and the myriad smells of different woods burned and smoking and was cast back into my childhood with the smoky meat and sausages of German towns and cobbled streets and gutters, wood-burning stoves lit and burning and casting their familiar aromas into those long-ago icy nights, snowflakes falling past slated roofs and through the beams of yellowed street lights. I was there in moments and out again as I beheld the gorgeous and modern houses that lined other streets, an elementary school with the shining SUVs and minivans leaving the parking lot with raised and lifted and monstrously-tired trucks as they left the evening conferences or whatever, pulled out of the parking lot and made their way and ways to their various houses…anyway, down those dimly lit roads that went to those other neighborhoods, not mine, but away.
I walked those miles and then, and came to the cemented ribbons of commerce and travel, that freeway beltway that circles the town and valley. On this side is the neighborhood, on the other are the stores and restaurants filled with people spending their time and money doing whatever it is they’re doing, shopping and eating and being and not wondering at what I was doing out there on the middle of the pedestrian-bridge those twenty-some and thirty feet above the freeway looking down at the passing cars and trucks and minivans, some of which might have just left the evening’s activities at a local elementary school, some of which might be passing homeward, so late, from their working days, or heading back, or to work as I stood there and looked at them passing so. My gloved hands slid their fingers through the chain link arched fence that covered the bridge and hung loosely there as those semi trucks and full and midsized pickup trucks and whatnot sped along.
I wondered at peace and how it could be found there, wondered if it was there, not just there to be found, but could it be there, suspended so high above those cemented passageways, four and six lanes heading their separate ways, four and six lanes times east and west, so eight and twelve lanes in their coming and going. Would it be possible to sit there above the traffic, suspended there above those passing vehicles and people, and have the hum of tires and motors become a relaxing and whitened noise that might calm a troubled soul? Standing there in that odd place, that suspended place that caused my steady soul to wonder at the fastness of the cement pillars and pilings, the metal rods that must be deep inside those cemented somethings, and the architectural skills and engineering genius that must have been utilized to allow for sway and movement and the natural jostling of wind and the shifting of potential liquefaction of the substrate and the contracting and expanding of freezing and warming concrete in their seasons and other things…it did wonder, my steady soul.
It wondered, too, at the darkness that must reside, I would say live, but that would seem to involve an effort to do so, to live, that is, but to reside could be equated to existing and that, it would seem, might not take too much effort…but I wondered, anyway, at the darkness that must reside in the hearts of other people, in their souls maybe, such seemingly impenetrable blackness that would cause them to join me on this midair walkway and look for ways to violate and pass-through the chain-link and then hurl themselves onto those concrete ribbons and under all of those passing vehicles that I mentioned and didn’t, just above in those earlier lines.
My mind wandered back, too, to an earlier life and an earlier occupation that was occupied, was occupied, indeed, so to speak, with concerns, with others’ concerns and our own concerns, mine and my co-workers, with those troubled souls and darkened hearts that found themselves up on those suspended places over the rushing traffic. I wondered how they could have come to that place in their lives, and so near their deaths, that they sought the heights so they could soar up and out from their own inner depths and fly and fall into a light that meant release from so many torments. I wondered what happened to that last loved one or friend, the last one of either, whose patience ran out, whose loving words finally failed that other one on the pedestrian-bridge. Were they scorned by lover or friend, by their oldest child or youngest child or their mate of one or two years, of two or three decades, or was it failing health or lost dreams or used-to-be’s? What did they lose…to find themselves there? It could be anything, I suppose…or everything, too. Their equilibrium, purpose, drive, meaning, orientation, world-view, or whatever…they might suddenly be in a place where nothing makes sense, where things aren’t where they used to be, where even the light is different than it’s supposed to be in their world, or in the place in their world that they used to occupy, maybe. Maybe if their shoes were on my feet, maybe, I might understand more than I do or can, maybe I would understand what it’s like to be them, if I could understand such a thing, but I don’t know. I didn’t walk in their steps, didn’t share their heartbeats, didn’t lay my head on a pillow next to theirs at night, maybe, or didn’t lose what they lost, or suffer the abuses from monsters’ hands like they did, or might have…I didn’t feel those things, maybe I didn’t, so I can only try to understand, as I might.
So, I wondered about all of that and some, and more, as I stood there and listened to those tires and motors speed away from beyond and beneath me as I looked eastward in the darkened night and beheld the lighted forms of the mountains sitting there and understood and knew that they offered perspective to some people’s lives, but not others, that some problems are bigger even than mountains, or seem to be, and therefore are, and that comfort and peace might only come to some at the end of a brief flight from a pedestrian-bridge. Not my personal choice, mind you, and nothing that I condone…but I do understand…in as much as I am able.
I had stood beneath the streetlamp and watched the yellow glow bounce from the crystal frost on the roof of my truck like the moonlight on a tessellating sea…and as I moved my eyes, the painted ice caught the light and reflected back to me a million sparkling stars…ones that would later melt from the truck’s roof and flow down my back window like a springtime rain. As I pondered the frost and my breath’s vapor in the wintry air, I noted the quiet of the pre-dawn Christmas morning and wondered what the day would hold for me and the call-takers and dispatchers at work. I was off on Christmas Eve, but yesterday, Christmas, Friday, was the Monday of my work week…so I was moving in that direction…but slowly…I still had to stand there for a minute in my shirtsleeves…relishing the cold…blowing more vapor clouds into the dark sky of my morning and watching the crystal moonlight yellow streetlight dancing on the rooftop frosted sea of my truck…before deciding to go back into the house for my jacket and then heading downtown to work.
The ride to work was uneventful, as were the first several hours in the call-center. After we had determined that all the dispatch positions were covered and the call-takers were all nestled down at their consoles, waiting for calls of Santa Claus committing armed robberies and home invasions, three of the staff went about preparing the much longed-for Christmas morning potluck. Calls came-in and were handled in their routine fashion as our coworkers scrambled eggs, fried bacon and sausage, warmed-up the French-toast ‘casserole,’ arranged and stirred the ingredients in a crock-pot for Joy’s highly esteemed dip, and scavenged in the shift manager’s office for paper plates, cups, and other sundries. The other home-prepared foods were laid-out for us and an hour or so later, the charge was given to commence in the feasting. A couple people were allowed off the phones at a time to prepare their plates and participate in the away-from-home, 9-1-1 Christmas breakfast. The operators and supervisors assigned to first-shift (daytime hours) had to have the seniority to bid into positions on days, so they have been around long enough to know what to expect, or what can and usually does happen on Christmas and other holidays. Emergency services, especially 9-1-1 call-centers, get no breaks. They operate 24 hours a day every single day of the year…Christmas, Easter, New Years, Halloween, Hanukah, The Fourth of July…all of them…when you need us we’re there.
So we answered the phones between bites of eggs and pancakes and sent police officers to domestic violence and fight calls after putting-down our cups of orange juice…ornamented Christmas trees with lights and presents adorned our call-center, and many of our normally uniform-clad operators and dispatchers were in their holiday-finest clothes and felt really damn nice about it. People were happier, cheery, and enjoying their jobs more because they were released from the standard black shirts and pants and boots and thick leather belts…they were moms and dads and brothers and sisters and sons and daughters answering the calls of our citizens on this Christmas morning.
Amazingly, there were no armed robberies yesterday…no hot-calls for thefts of carloads of presents…only one stolen-bicycle call…and a nice collection of domestic violence calls, both physical and verbal, over some damn thing or another…and too many boyfriends were the perpetrators…and too many kids witnessed their separated families coming together for the required child-exchange…and too many dads’ new wives had to call us when the children reported what their drunk mom and her boyfriend had done to them on this Christmas morning. We had a bunch of minor thefts…mostly multiple 18-packs of Budlight or individual 40’s of some other brand…someone stole a jug of milk from a Circle K convenience store…someone else stole some kind or other kind of Christmas morning candy…and some modern Jean Valjean stole a loaf of bread…and my co-worker supervisor drove around yesterday morning…to four different convenience stores looking for dish-soap to be used in our post-breakfast clean-up at 9-1-1…he returned empty-handed…not as the victorious suspect of a soap-run who made a ‘clean get-away’ from the nearby corner-store.
Death visited us only twice during our shift yesterday…one old-guy passed-away in his extended-care facility and one not-so-old guy passed away in the lobby of the local alcohol recovery center, on Christmas morn’. We sent police to shoo-away trespassers who were begging/panhandling for money…to accidents involving people who were rushing to their masses or other worship services for the new-born savior…and to search for an 83yo man who wandered away from his elder-care facility…and he’s still missing today…at the end of today, a day later…he’s still missing.
We sat in our chairs at our consoles and watched the eternal scroll or marathon of A Christmas Story on TBS, and while I couldn’t hear any of the lines with all of our televisions on mute, I think I may have seen every scene four or five times yesterday morning…the kid being rushed upstairs after hurting his eye with his new air-rifle…the same kid rushing upstairs to put-on some damn bunny outfit…the sexist father with his new lamp of a burlesque dancer’s leg as his wife blushed and covered her face with her hair in the living room window as the dad stood on the sidewalk across the street with the other neighborhood men as the dad motioned to the mom to move the lamp this way and that to center it in the window…you know what I mean.
And…a friend of mine sat in his wife’s hospital room on Christmas Eve, waiting for her to wake up after having surgery to fix a botched-up surgery that she had a couple months ago…thoughts of this friend and his wife swirled in my mind as I answered my phones and watched the operators fill their plates and laugh at their stories with their pretty Christmas shirts and hairdos on…. This friend of mine, Jason, also has a blog (listed in the blog-roll in the side-bar to the right of this article) and he shared his reflections on this Christmas morning. Jason mentioned that a few weeks ago another coworker suggested that he write something on the ‘real’ meaning of Christmas…and he thought about it and then wrote a posting on the Twelve Days of Christmas: 9-1-1 Style…Jason is rather witty, so it’s a fun read. After he went home yesterday morning from being with his wife in the hospital, Jason wrote another blog…he had his opportunity to reflect on what might be the ‘real’ meaning of Christmas. He was touched by his love for his wife, his esteem for his co-worker who left her kids on Christmas Eve to come to work for him so he could be at the hospital with his wife…he thought about his other friends who had sent him text messages encouraging him, uplifting his spirits…and he thought of his friend from across the country who sent flowers to his wife in the hospital…even though he had never met her. I saw Jason this morning at work…with his tired and gentle eyes…hurting, thoughtful, grateful…and ready to go home. He captured the essence of Christmas in his blog…it was pure…a challenge and a reminder…for all of us. A reminder for all of us that life happens…to all of us…and we should be thankful for what we have, the people in our lives, our friends…those trusted ones who love us through thick and thin…as we answer the phones ‘9-1-1, where is your emergency?’
We did that yesterday, all day, we answered the 9-1-1 phones…sometimes it was little stuff and sometimes it was real…the substance of 9-1-1…when life happens. You might have seen some of it on the news today…a five year-old girl was kidnapped by a stranger as she and her sisters were playing in the common area of their apartment complex…just snatched her and ran…crashed into another vehicle as he was leaving…and was spotted about seven hours later by one of our canine-officers…(the little one was recovered and returned to her family…you can find the rest of it in the news)… on Christmas Day….
And it was Christmas Morning and Christmas Day in our 9-1-1 call-center yesterday…happiness was there amid the memories of lost friends and coworkers…a card was still on our supervisors’ desk for everyone to sign for the highway patrol officer that was killed last week…many of us are reading books with our places saved by bookmarks that were made in memory of our friend Pazzie who passed away just over a week ago…and as we watch the clock and answer our calls and dispatch our officers and wait for our shift to be over, we wonder at the Christmas mornings that were shared by that officer’s and Pazzie’s families yesterday….
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O que é o Past Participle? Pra que serve? Como usá-lo? Check it out!
O QUE É?
Todos os verbos em inglês (exceto alguns casos, como os modais) possuem três formas: O presente, o passado simples e o particípio (past participle):
Saiba quais são os particípios de outros verbos clicando aqui.
Existem três maneiras principais de usar o past participle:
1) PERFECT TENSES
Sempre que usamos os tempos verbais perfeitos (present perfect, past perfect, present perfect continuous, future perfect, modal perfect, etc) o uso do past participle é obrigatório.
He has drunk some juice
She had seen the apartment before buying it.
She will have gone abroad by the end of the year.
Saiba mais sobre os perfect tenses clicando aqui e aqui.
2) PASSIVE VOICE
O past participle sempre aparecerá na voz passiva, independentemente do tempo verbal:
The book was written by the man in 1962.
The computer will be bought tomorrow.
The film is being watched by the students.
Saiba mais sobre passive voice clicando aqui.
3) AS AN ADJECTIVE
É muito comum utilizarmos o past participle como adjetivo, qualificando o substantivo.
Did you see the broken window?
He was talking to the drunk man.
The police has found a stolen car near the park.
Abaixo, uma tabela que resume os diferentes usos do past participle:
HOW CAN I USE THE PAST PARTICIPLE?
She has studied a lot
She had been here before.
They will have won by the end of the year.
I could have done something.
OBJECT - VERB - AGENT
The bill was paid yesterday.
The book will be sent tomorrow.
The poem is being read right now.
AS AN ADJECTIVE
His broken leg was in a terrible shape.
The forgotten letter was behind the door.
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Scenario A: Scientists discover a compound that protects against Alzheimers. Scenario B: Scientists discover a compound that enhances human cognition. Americans' ethical intuition tends to support cure and prevention (and Scenario A) but frown upon performance enhancement (and Scenario B).
But what happens when it is the same compound in both scenarios? This article looks at the research and ethical questions surrounding the hormone Klotho, named for one of the Greek Fates:
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Fusobacterium necrophorum is a Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic bacterium associated with necrotic infections in animals and humans. The bacterium is an opportunistic and primary pathogen that causes liver abscess, footrot, and laryngeal infections in cattle. Liver abscess in cattle is reported at 20.7% annually, leading to liver condemnation and economic burden to the feedlot industry. Antibiotics are the mainstay for treatment; however, the reports of antibiotic resistance and demand for antibiotic-free, natural and organic beef have demanded alternative therapies and preventatives. Hence, developing an effective vaccine is essential to control infections and economic loss to the cattle industry. Currently, there is no licensed vaccine to prevent liver abscesses in cattle. A number of virulence factors for F. necrophorum have been explored in the past for vaccine development. Each one has some advantages and disadvantages concerning immunogenicity and protective effect. The review summarizes vaccine candidates explored in the past, mainly focusing on F. necrophorum. The review also connects some concepts related to virulence factors found in F. necrophorum and how it could be a promising vaccine candidate based on the studies done in other Gram-negatives.
Keywords: Fusobacterium Necrophorum; Liver Abscess, Outer Membrane Proteins (OMPS); Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVS); And Vaccine Candidates
Fusobacterium necrophorum, a Gram-negative anaerobic bacillus, is an opportunistic pathogen isolated from oral cavities, gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts of humans and animals [1,2]. The bacterium is associated with Lemierre’s syndrome affecting young and healthy individuals and necrotic infections in hepatic, abdominal, and respiratory organs in animals [3,4]. The bacteria are primary causative agents of liver abscess, foot rot, and calf diphtheria, sometimes in mixed infections with other bacteria such as Trueperella pyogenes and Porphyromonas species [5,6]. F. necrophorum has been classified into four biotypes: A, B, AB, and C . Biotypes A and B are of veterinary importance and associated with cattle liver abscesses. Biotype A, subspecies necrophorum, and Biotype B, subspecies funduliforme, vary in cell morphology, colony characteristics, virulence capacity, virulence factors, 16s rRNA sequences, and DNA gyrase B subunit [7,8]. The subspecies necrophorum is more virulent and frequently isolated than the subspecies funduliforme, and is the primary causative agent in liver abscesses . Annually, the rate of incidence of liver abscess in feedlot cattle is 10-20% .
Generally, the incidence is higher in cattle fed with high grainbased diets where the progression occurs from chronic acidosis and rumenitis to liver abscess . The National Beef Quality Report 2016 has reported a liver abscess rate of 20.7%, causing liver condemnation . Thus, this infection and search for a cure have been of economic importance in the feedlot industry. So far, the antibiotics such as tylosin-phosphate and virginiamycin have been approved as antimicrobial feed additives to control liver abscesses . More generally, with the potential threat of antimicrobial resistance , new approaches and preventive strategies are needed, including vaccination. There is no successful vaccine against F. necrophorum, which has pointed out the need to investigate different vaccine candidates. This mini-review provides an overview of different vaccine candidates investigated in the past and other virulence factors that could be explored as a promising target for a vaccine.
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Hemagglutinin
F. necrophorum has several virulence factors, including leukotoxin, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), hemolysin, hemagglutinin, outer membrane adhesins, extracellular proteases, and other enzymes. [1,9,15-17]. Currently, the focus has been looking into proteins as vaccine candidates, mainly surface proteins (LPS), membrane proteins (OMPs and OMVs), and secreted proteins (hemolysins).
F. necrophorum lipopolysaccharide and hemagglutinin plays a crucial role in disease pathogenesis. LPS can induce endothelial cell injury, toxic hepatitis and has anti-phagocytic property, thus indicating its role in eliciting an immune response [18,19]. Similarly, haemagglutinin of F. necrophorum has the ability to agglutinate chicken, human RBCs, and bovine platelets. Kanoe and Yamanaka reported that antisera specific for hemagglutinin reduced bacterial adherence and platelets aggregation, indicating the role of haemagglutinin in the bacterial attachment during the initial stages of abscess formation [20,21]. However, the protective functions of LPS and hemagglutinin have not been reported.
Exotoxins: Hemolysin and Leukotoxin
Leukotoxins are critical virulence factors involved in the pathogenesis of anaerobic infection. In F. necrophorum, leukotoxin plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of bovine liver abscesses. Its production is directly proportional to the severity of abscesses in cattle . Leukotoxin induces cellular activation and apoptosis of bovine leukocytes for inflammation modulation . Studies have demonstrated that recombinant leukotoxoid challenge in a mouse model induced good immune protection .
Similarly, another virulence factor that has a role in the pathogenesis of F. necrophorum is hemolysin. Iron acquisition is required for bacterial colonization and is critical for invasive infections such as liver abscess. Studies show that the production of hemolysin helps in successful colonization of F. necrophorum during infection by iron acquisition mechanism- a key role in pathogenesis .
The fact about the co-existence of F. necrophorum with T. pyogenes in liver abscesses in cattle is well documented in the literature. This symbiotic relation is mediated through pathogenic synergy between these two pathogens where T. pyogenes creates an anaerobic environment for the initial establishment of F. necrophorum. In turn, F. necrophorum produces leukotoxin to protect T. pyogenes from phagocytosis . A study was conducted to examine the combination of leukotoxoids of F. necrophorum and bacterin of T. pyogenes . However, the vaccine was only effective in low prevalence settings because of the biases related to the pen effect and antibiotics effect on recurrent infections in the studied group.
T. pyogenes is also found in mixed infections with other anaerobes such as Clostridium perfringens. A study conducted in a mouse model showed that pyolysin of T. pyogenes and phospholipase C of Clostridium perfringens, when used in combination, was effective in immuno-protection and reduced infections in mice challenged with T. pyogenes or Clostridium perfringens [26–28]. Based on the studies mentioned above, evaluating pyolysin and leukotoxin/ hemolysin combinations would be a possible combination to explore.
Outer Membrane Proteins (OMP)
OMPs of Gram-negative bacteria serve as a barrier for any toxic materials entering the bacterial cell. The OMPs are associated with host-bacteria interaction, adhesion, and induction of protective immunity . Like other Gram-negative bacteria, the primary infection in F. necrophorum commences by attachment to the epithelial and endothelial cells of the liver and ruminal wall [17, 30] The attachment is facilitated by different adhesins and toxins, causing colonization and establishment in the liver parenchyma to cause an abscess [9,31]. Studies show that after the rumen entry, F. necrophorum enters through aggravated regions of the ruminal surface and enters portal circulation. Once trapped in the liver, it causes abscesses . The OMPs of F. necrophorum facilitate direct interactions with the host and likely contain important constituents involved during infection, transmission, and survival, including putative vaccine candidates [17,32]. Therefore, a multivalent vaccine including OMPs and leukotoxin has been proposed in the past.
Previous studies identified adhesins that could have a potential role in the attachment of F. necrophorum to the host cells. Kumar et al., 2013 identified four adhesins (17kDa, 24kDa, 40kDa, and 74kDa) with high binding affinity to bovine adrenal gland endothelial cell line (EJG), in-vitro. Later, one of these adhesins was characterized as 42.4 kDa OMP FomA. . FomA has been characterized in F. nucleatum and F. periodonticum as well. Based on the N-terminal sequences, FomA protein in F. necrophorum has 96% homology with FomA of F. nucleatum . This protein is immunogenic and plays a role in the attachment of bacteria to the host cells . The FomA protein in F. nucleatum is TLR2 and voltage-dependent porin . FomA is involved in NF-kB, regulating genes responsible for host immune response. The activation of NF-kB is through TLR2 dependent fashion , thus indicating FomA could trigger host immune response. These studies suggest that FomA could be a potential vaccine candidate for controlling F. necrophorum infections. However, detailed research on the mechanism of action and receptors is necessary to understand the virulence mechanism of FomA in F. necrophorum.
FadA (13.6 kDa) is another membrane protein extensively studied for its role in the adhesion, invasion, and colonization of F. nucleatum in the host body [36,37]. FadA interacts with the vascular endothelial cadherin causing endothelial impermeability to allow the bacteria to cross through the tight junction of endothelium and proliferate to cause infections . Moreover, many studies have suggested FadA adhesion is significant in inducing inflammation and suppressing host immunity by modulating the E-cadherin/ßcatenin pathway leading to colorectal cancer (CRC) .
OmpA and OmpH Family Protein
OmpA is studied for its membrane-associated pathogenicity and biofilm formation in Gram-negative bacteria [40,41]. OmpA family proteins are attached to peptidoglycan layer (via diaminopimelic acid) with the conserved domain at the C terminus. . These proteins are known for their role at different stages during infections, such as interfering with the complement system, adhesion to the host cell, and mediating biofilm formation in several Gram-negative pathogens such as Pseudomonas, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii . OmpA also helps in the intracellular survival of bacterial pathogens [44–47].
OmpH, a structural component of OMP in Gram-negative bacteria, is closely related to the family of porins . Immune efficacy of OmpH based vaccines preparation has been studied in bacterial species such as Pasteurella multocida. The OmpH based vaccine has been used for protecting swamp buffaloes from hemorrhagic septicemia in South Asian countries. . OmpH has other functions as well such as in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, it provides stability to the outer membrane through interaction with lipopolysaccharide .
Hence, exploring and identifying these different OMP family proteins in F. necrophorum and their role in adhesion and inducing protective immunity during liver abscesses in cattle could be exploited to study their protective function and vaccine potential.
Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs)
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical, membraneenclosed nanostructures released during bacterial growth. These nanostructures are composed of periplasmic proteins, toxins and sometimes genetic materials . The OMVs play an important role in transporting toxins into the host cell and modulating the host immune reponse [51,52]. Therefore, OMVs, as efficient vaccine candidates, have received significant attention. In most cases, OMVs are shown to positively minimize infections in animal models [53,54]. The OMV based vaccine is successfully approved for Neisseria meningitidis and is currently the only licensed vaccine in humans [55,56]. OMV has also been studied as a targeted drug delivery vehicle and vaccine adjuvants [57,58]. OMVs are identified in Fusobacterium species, including F. nucleatum . The OMVs of F. nucleatum have modulated the innate immune response by promoting inflammation [35,60]. Based on the proteomics analysis, OMPs serve as the significant components of OMVs.
OMPs and OMVs could be potential vaccine candidates to control F. necrophorum infections in cattle based on the virulence and immunomodulatory role observed in different bacterial species, including Fusobacterium species. Therefore, identifying and characterizing these OMPs and OMV components in F. necrophorum could widen the area to explore and develop an effective vaccine.
The work was supported by the Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University (USA).
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
- Narayanan SK, Chengappa MM, Stewart GC, Nagaraja TG (2003) Immunogenicity and protective effects of truncated recombinant leukotoxin proteins of Fusobacterium necrophorum in mice. Vet Microbiol 93(4): 335-347.
- Johannesen KM, Kolekar SB, Greve N, Nielsen XC, Barfod TS, et al. (2018) Differences in mortality in Fusobacterium necrophorum and Fusobacterium nucleatum infections detected by culture and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 38: 75-80.
- Riordan T (2007) Human infection with Fusobacterium necrophorum (Necrobacillosis), with a focus on Lemierre’s syndrome. Clin Microbiol Rev 20(4): 622-659.
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- Huang T, Song X, Jing J, Zhao K, Shen Y, et al. (2018) Chitosan-DNA nanoparticles enhanced the immunogenicity of multivalent DNA vaccination on mice against Trueperella pyogenes infection. J Nanobiotechnology 16(8): 1-15.
- Sharma A, Yadav SP, Sarma D, Mukhopadhaya A (2022) Modulation of host cellular responses by gram-negative bacterial porins. Adv Protein Chem Struct Biol 128: 35-77.
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- Li J, Clinkenbeard KD, Ritchey JW (1999) Bovine CD18 identified as a species specific receptor for Pasteurella haemolytica leukotoxin. Vet Microbiol 67(2): 91-97.
- Kumar A, Menon S, Nagaraja TG, Narayanan S (2015) Identification of an outer membrane protein of Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. necrophorum that binds with high affinity to bovine endothelial cells. Vet Microbiol 176(1-2): 196-201.
- Menon S, Pillai DK, Narayanan S (2018) Characterization of Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. necrophorum outer membrane proteins. Anaerobe 50: 101-105.
- Toussi DN, Liu X, Massari P (2012) The FomA porin from Fusobacterium nucleatum is a toll-like receptor 2 agonist with immune adjuvant activity. Clin Vaccine Immunol 19(7): 1093-1101.
- Martin-Gallausiaux C, Malabirade A, Habier J, Wilmes P (2020) Fusobacterium nucleatum Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Gut Epithelial Cell Innate Immunity via FomA and TLR2. Front Immunol 11: 583644.
- Han YW, Ikegami A, Rajanna C, Kawsar HI, Zhou Y, et al. (2005) Identification and characterization of a novel adhesin unique to oral fusobacteria. J Bacteriol 187(15): 5330-5340.
- Liu P, Liu Y, Wang J, Guo Y, Zhang Y, et al. (2014) Detection of Fusobacterium nucleatum and fadA adhesin gene in patients with orthodontic gingivitis and non-orthodontic periodontal inflammation. PLoS One 9(1): e85280.
- Fardini Y, Wang X, Témoin S, Nithianantham S, Lee D, et al. (2011) Fusobacterium nucleatum adhesin FadA binds vascular- endothelial cadherin and alters endothelial integrity. Mol Microbiol 82(6): 1468-1480.
- Guo P, Tian Z, Kong X, Yang L, Shan X, et al. (2020) FadA promotes DNA damage and progression of Fusobacterium nucleatum-induced colorectal cancer through up-regulation of chk2. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 39(1): 202.
- Wexler HM (2002) Outer‐Membrane Pore‐Forming Proteins in Gram‐Negative Anaerobic Bacteria. Clin Infect Dis 35(S1): S65-S71.
- Confer AW, Ayalew S (2013) The OmpA family of proteins: Roles in bacterial pathogenesis and immunity. Vet Microbiol 163(3-4): 207-22.
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- Edrington TC, Kintz E, Goldberg JB, Tamm LK (2011) Structural Basis for the Interaction of Lipopolysaccharide with Outer Membrane Protein H (OprH) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Biol Chem 286(45): 39211-39223.
- Avila-Calderón ED, Araiza-Villanueva MG, Cancino-Diaz JC, López-Villegas EO, Sriranganathan N, et al. (2014) Roles of bacterial membrane vesicles. Arch Microbiol 197(1): 1-10.
- Zhang Z, Liu D, Liu S, Zhang S, Pan Y (2020) The Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis Outer Membrane Vesicles in Periodontal Disease and Related Systemic Diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 10: 585917.
- Fingermann M, Avila L, De Marco MB, Vázquez L, Di Biase DN, et al. (2018) OMV-based vaccine formulations against Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli strains are both protective in mice and immunogenic in calves. Hum Vaccin Immunother 14(9): 2208-2213.
- González S, Caballero E, Soria Y, Cobas K, Granadillo M, et al. (2006) Immunization with Neisseria meningitidis outer membrane vesicles prevents bacteremia in neonatal mice. Vaccine 24: 1633-1643.
- Feiring B, Fuglesang J, Oster P, Næss LM, Helland OS, et al. (2006) Persisting immune responses indicating long-term protection after booster dose with meningococcal group B outer membrane vesicle vaccine. Clin Vaccine Immunol 13: 790-796.
- Nøkleby H, Aavitsland P, O’Hallahan J, Feiring B, Tilman S, et al. (2007) Safety review: Two outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines against systemic Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B disease. Vaccine 25(16): 3080-3084.
- Gao F, Xu L, Yang B, Fan F, Yang L (2019) Kill the Real with the Fake: Eliminate Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus Using Nanoparticle Coated with Its Extracellular Vesicle Membrane as Active Targeting Drug Carrier. ACS Infect Dis 5(2): 218-227.
- Timothy Prior J, Davitt C, Kurtz J, Gellings P, McLachlan JB, et al. (2021) Bacterial-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles are Potent Adjuvants that Drive Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses. Pharm 13(2): 131.
- Liu J, Hsieh C, Gelincik O, Devolder B, Sei S, et al. (2019) Proteomic characterization of outer membrane vesicles from gut mucosa- derived fusobacterium nucleatum. J Proteomics 195: 125-137.
- Engevik MA, Danhof HA, Ruan W, Engevik AC, Chang-Graham AL, et al. (2021) Fusobacterium nucleatum Secretes Outer Membrane Vesicles and Promotes Intestinal Inflammation. MBio 12(2): 1-17. | <urn:uuid:cbbead94-5ff8-49fd-a056-2f6a57785098> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.biomedres.us/fulltexts/BJSTR.MS.ID.006752.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.822155 | 6,779 | 3.375 | 3 |
Edited by Jason Davis, director of the Harlan Ellison Books Preservation Project.
Cover by Jason Davis, with assistance from Bo Nash and respect for Richard Chopping.
The complete table of contents of the 1994 Borderlands Press hardcover of THE BEAST THAT SHOUTED LOVE AT THE HEART OF THE WORLD, including later revisions by the author from EDGEWORKS, Volume 4 and subsequent short story appearances.
- Foreword by Neil Gaiman
- Introduction: The Waves in Rio
- The Beast That Shouted Love at the Heart of the World
- Along the Scenic Route
- Asleep: With Still Hands
- Santa Claus vs. S.P.I.D.E.R.
- Try a Dull Knife
- The Pitll Pawob Division
- The Place with No Name
- White on White
- Run for the Stars
- Are You Listening?
- Worlds to Kill
- Shattered Like a Glass Goblin
- A Boy and His Dog
NEW Edgeworks Abbey Archive Content:
Whatever Happened to “The 90003rd Fantastic Spectacular Windi Maypole Movie?” by Jason Davis
An original essay detailing the history of Ellison’s eleventh short story collection.
Beastly Copy: 1969-1997
A compendium of Ellison-written cover copy for 28 years’ worth of BEAST THAT SHOUTED… reissues.
Story Commentary: 1959-2015
Ellison-written commentary on the stories from an early assembly of A TOUCH OF INFINITY (1959), the unpublished collection CRACKPOTS and Other Delusions (ca. 1962), an early assembly of FROM THE LAND OF FEAR (1967), unpublished introductions from ALONE AGAINST TOMORROW (1971), Heavy Metal (December 1979), BLOOD IS NOT ENOUGH, edited by Ellen Datlow (1989), Absolute Magnitude (Winter, 1996), and THE MAMMOTH BOOK OF VAMPIRES, edited by Stephen Jones (2004).
Santa Claus vs. S.P.I.D.E.R. (previously unpublished)
A deleted scene from Ellison’s Ian Fleming parody that was read to the first audience ever to hear the author read his story aloud.
Worlds to Kill (previously unpublished)
Ellison’s original plot synopsis for the short story.
Kicking the Hobbit or, Why Do Science Fiction Fans Have Fur on Their Feets? (previously uncollected)
Ellison’s 1968 essay on the pleasures of science fiction fandom.
School for Apprentice Sorcerers
Ellison’s 1969 essay on the Clarion Writer’s Workshop, previously collected in THE BOOK OF ELLISON (1978).
DEMON WITH A GLASS HAND (featuring previously uncollected material)
A previously uncollected 1968 introduction and four chapters from Ellison’s unfinished novel that was the basis for The Outer Limits episode “Demon with a Glass Hand.” The novel-in-progress was previously published as OBITUARY FOR AN INSTANT in BRAIN MOVIES, Volume 3.
The Queer File
An abandoned short story and preliminary outline that Ellison adapted into the DEMON WITH A GLASS HAND. Previously collected BRAIN MOVIES, Volume 3.
These Are My Dreams (previously uncollected)
A 1968 essay originally published in Harlan Ellison: The Man, the Writer.
6″ x 9″ Trade Paperback, 386p. ISBN: 978-1-946542-72-4. | <urn:uuid:5b36f0f6-1055-4dfa-a3a5-9177f03213f0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.harlanellisonbooks.com/product/pre-order-beast-that-shouted-love-at-the-heart-of-the-world-edgeworks-abbey-archive-2020-trade-paperback/?add-to-cart=1046 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.840341 | 759 | 1.515625 | 2 |
ECDC has published Monitoring current threats, week 31/2014: ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR). Click through for many links and to download the PDF. The summary:
The ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) is a weekly bulletin intended for epidemiologists and health professionals in the area of communicable disease prevention and control. This issue covers the period from 27 July to 2 August 2014 and includes updates on:
West Nile virus, transmission season in Europe
No new human cases of West Nile fever were reported in the EU. However, new cases were identified in EU neighbouring countries: Russia reported six cases and Serbia two new cases (one confirmed and one probable). West Nile fever in humans is a notifiable disease in the EU.
Outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in West Africa
Since the last CDTR, the affected countries reported 230 new cases and 69 new fatalities. On 29 July, WHO was notified of a probable EVD case in Nigeria. On 20 July, the case had travelled by air to Lagos via Lomé, Togo, and Accra, Ghana, and had been symptomatic at the time of arrival.
The EVD outbreak has been affecting Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone since December 2013. While this is the largest EVD outbreak ever reported, the risk of infection for travellers is considered very low.
ECDC published a risk assessment on 9 June and an epidemiological update on 17 July.
Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
One new fatal case has been reported by Saudi Arabia in a previously reported case.
Since the beginning of the outbreak in April 2012, 853 cases of MERS-CoV infection have been reported by local health authorities worldwide, including 331 deaths.
ECDC published its updated rapid risk assessment on MERS-CoV on 31 May 2014 and an epidemiological update on 5 June 2014.
Chikungunya in the Caribbean
Compared to last week, the number of reported cases of chikungunya infections has risen by 7.4% in the affected areas. Barbados and Panama recorded their first autochthonous cases.
An outbreak of chikungunya virus infection has been ongoing in the Caribbean since December 2013, and has spread to North, Central and South America. There have been more than 470 000 probable and confirmed cases in the region, including 26 fatalities.
ECDC published a risk assessment on 25 June and an epidemiological update on 30 June. | <urn:uuid:10ca5e57-7b45-4eab-8ddd-b42169d1638c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://crofsblogs.typepad.com/h5n1/2014/08/ecdc-cdtr-week-31.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00504-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955604 | 524 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Nature will provide. Camping is a safe and revitalizing way to escape to nature. When we just need to get away from it all – from the news, our screens, our anxieties – we seek renewal through camping. First and foremost, the health and safety of our campers, hosts, and the community at large is of utmost importance.
Campers on trips should continue practicing the same hygiene they would at home. Even though CampKeepers are keeping sites clean and wiped down with sanitizers, you should continue to wash your hands often, sanitize high-touch items, avoid touching your face and cover your coughs and sneezes.
We are inspired by our community, both hosts and campers, and are here to support you through this time. We encourage everyone to do their part to help stop the spread of this virus and safeguard your health and all those around you.
To get you inspired, please enjoy the sounds of nature recorded at different Tentrr campsites. | <urn:uuid:b3836b7c-25a5-40b9-9a3e-59f8ec5dcca9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://wp1515.com/covid.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.962789 | 204 | 1.53125 | 2 |
A person will enhance the possibility of hearing God's call if he or she has:
1. An open mind
2. Attentive ear
3. Pure heart
4. Busy hands
5. Ready feet
Today's reading spoke very much to my heart 1 Sm 3:3b-10, 19
Samuel was sleeping in the temple of the LORD where the ark of God was. The LORD called to Samuel, who answered, “Here I am.” Samuel ran to Eli and said, “Here I am. You called me.” “I did not call you, “ Eli said. “Go back to sleep.” So he went back to sleep. Again the LORD called Samuel, who rose and went to Eli. “Here I am, “ he said. “You called me.” But Eli answered, “I did not call you, my son. Go back to sleep.”
At that time Samuel was not familiar with the LORD, because the LORD had not revealed anything to him as yet. The LORD called Samuel again, for the third time. Getting up and going to Eli, he said, “Here I am. You called me.” Then Eli understood that the LORD was calling the youth. So he said to Samuel, “Go to sleep, and if you are called, reply, Speak, LORD, for your servant is listening.” When Samuel went to sleep in his place, the LORD came and revealed his presence, calling out as before, “Samuel, Samuel!” Samuel answered, “Speak, for your servant is listening.”
Samuel grew up, and the LORD was with him, not permitting any word of his to be without effect.
I have been asked to speak to a youth group from a neighboring parish, along with another clergy member about vocations tonight after their youth mass.
So, I began to think about my vocation, but most especially my calling.
Just what am I going to say to these youth and not sound like a geeky adult.... Which I probably am, but that is another topic for another day. I will just speak the truth and from the heart, kids can hear the truth when it is spoken in humility and from the heart.
I wasn't lucky enough to have an abrupt awakening like Saint Paul on the road to Damascus, but rather after years of trials, errors and unfulfilled promises (Of the world) that God began, or I began to hear, God's call in my life.
I grew up with 6 brothers, and a sister who went to heaven before I was born, and two catholic parents. I believed in God, and through no fault of my parents, put God on the back burner and didn't think of him much.
When I was a teenager and old enough to go to church without my parents, I would often skip mass on Sundays, swinging by the church only to peek in and see who the priest was so I could tell my parents when they asked who was the priest.
This life of mine continued to grow in pagan-values and I was in many ways contrary to what one would call a Christian.
I often tell my kids to be careful of what you allow into your mind, and be careful to what sins you commit, because you might have to deal with the effects of them for the rest of your life. This statement didn't come from nowhere, it came through experience.
After High School I joined the Navy following the lead of my brothers (2) and continued with an unsaintly life......you can only imagine a life of a sailor.....
After the military I met a wonderful lady (actually the most beautiful girl form my highschool) and that was the beginning of a slow change. Although she was not catholic, we dated for 2 years while she became catholic, and we married.
We were a perfect match; by ourselves there were many inequities, but together we complimented each other and helped each other grow in maturity and in relationship with God.
However, God and faith wasn't the center of our life. We were a young couple, and before we knew it we had 3 children. Living in San Diego California, I expressed an entrepreneurial spirit and opened a psychiatric Home Health company. The money made in the venture allowed us to open another Home Health company in Riverside, and then medical clinics in San Diego, Oceanside, Riverside, and San Jose.
We were rich..... We had more money than we knew what to do with, I was married to a beautiful woman who also has a beautiful heart, and had three children. We lived in a nice house on a hill with a view of the city, owned a big boat that we cruised to Mexico and surrounding islands often, had a lot of friends; we had everything that the world promised would make us happy.
BUT......... I felt a huge void......... I had everything, but it felt like I was still missing the biggest thing that could make me happy........but what might that be?
Again, I wasn't hit over the head with a vision or a overwhelming locution, but rather a quiet simple thought that came out of nowhere...... I was missing God...
I then began to reflect on my life through what God would see me as, I began to look at my future and to try to see where I was going.
I attended a "Curcillo" weekend retreat and the seeds were planted.... I was going about this life all wrong. I wasn't to build a life surrounded by what I wanted, but rather I was to live a life in service to others.
The businesses and the clinics were to much a temptation of greed and self-centeredness as well as just being an obstacle for me. We abruptly closed them down and moved to Norther California to start over. Unlike the wise business decisions of the past. We closed the business down in such a way that we lost everything. We were literally starting over from nothing.
This new and simple life allowed us to focus our lives in the Lord and his people. We studied our faith, became disciples of Jesus and Mary and lived a life of service to others. We began to see (very quietly) a path that God was laying out for us.
Don't get me wrong, we didn't always have the answers, and God allowed struggle and still does in our lives. But I quickly identified that the huge void that I experienced in the past when the world would of said that I had it all, was gone as long as I was serving others and our God.
One day while working on the computer the diaconate website just popped up on the screen. I didn't even know what a deacon was. I read what a deacon is and what he does, and this was exactly what I had been feeling God called me to do for the past few years but didn't realize that there was role in the catholic church for this.......
I made an appointment with the Diocese diaconate director, Sister Paulina, who was very nice and welcomed me, but also stated that the 5 year diaconate formation class had just begun a few months prior and that I could apply in 4 1/2 years for the next program.
So close, but yet so far......
I hindsight, this was a blessing......I continued to live a life of service and completed a 3 year formation through "The Disciples of Jesus and Mary" a lay movement through the "Society Of Our Lady Of The Most Holy Trinity." This formation was so strong that it laid the groundwork for the 5 year formation of the Diaconate.
My motto is to always follow the peace. I have found that as long as my actions and decision bring me peace in the depths of my heart, I am following God's call and direction. I don't mean that I am following a life of ease or pleasure, often and usually it is the opposite that brings me peace.
I am a new deacon, ordained less than 1 year, I have much to learn, much to experience, but I am quite sure that if I can grow smalled and He can grow larger in me, I will be and can be an instrument of God to not only make a difference in this world, but actually fulfill my purpose here on the earth, that is to be a reflection of Jesus to others. This can only be accomplished if I purge and purify my own pride, greed, desires, and allow Jesus to fill me with who he is and then allow others to see the part of me that actually isn't me, but Him.
Please pray for me ....... And for all the Catholic Clergy. | <urn:uuid:7c51253a-eb73-496f-8fd7-acf27264199e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://deacon-pat.blogspot.com/2009/01/hearing-gods-call.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.989514 | 1,809 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Monday, June 15, 1998 Published at 12:06 GMT 13:06 UK
Sex disease epidemic poses huge threat
Safe sex messages go unheard
An epidemic of sexually transmitted diseases threatens to cause death and misery throughout the world, experts have warned.
There is particular concern about the rapid spread of HIV and genital herpes and a warning that people must take precautions.
Doctors meeting at a conference in Budapest, Hungary, were told that safer sex messages were doing little to check the spread of serious diseases.
The problem is reaching epidemic proportions in some eastern European countries.
More than 100 million people worldwide were infected with the virus that causes genital herpes and over 30 million were thought to be carrying HIV.
In the US, 12 million new STD infections were diagnosed each year. In Britain, there were more than 27,500 cases of herpes in 1996.
"This is of particular concern as genital herpes is an incurable disease and has been associated with an increased risk of acquiring HIV."
Genital herpes is a close relative of the virus that produces cold sores around the mouth.
The virus lies dormant in nerve cells for long periods, occasionally emerging to cause painful blisters on the genitals.
Oral sex danger
Although two different forms of the virus, Herpes simplex, cause cold sores and genital infection, they can be interchangeable. It is possible to contract genital herpes from a cold sore through oral sex.
Sixty per cent of people with genital herpes have signs or symptoms of the disease, but are undiagnosed. Research has indicated that only a quarter of those infected with herpes are aware they are carrying the virus.
A genital herpes sufferer is eight times more vulnerable to the HIV virus than average as HIV can replicate in herpes lesions.
Professor Andre Meheus, a member of a World Health Organisation expert committee on STDs, said: "Many people are simply not changing their sexual behaviour. We urgently need to do something about the situation." | <urn:uuid:f4e681a5-49d6-4c17-b051-dff2ab278bff> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/112770.stm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00244-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955595 | 402 | 2.65625 | 3 |
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649 hair follicle An epidermal structure anchored in Binary options brokers singapore dermis, from which a hair grows. Animal Life 38.Binary option trading uk | <urn:uuid:a9958308-12d8-41d1-a7e6-7bb6ac030b2d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://wmrzarabotok.ru/fairbinaryoptions-comforex.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00162-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.862906 | 3,437 | 1.96875 | 2 |
As you will see we covered all the topics referenced in our white paper, including "PropTech". One of its leading experts James Dearsley tells us that: "PropTech is going through a huge growth phase as the wider property industry starts to understand that the digital age is influencing almost every single part of the process. This was evident at the Agile Ageing conference where technology was running seamlessly through all presentations and discussions. Technology is having an impact on the young and old in ways we could not have fathomed 10 years ago. Congratulations to Ian and his team on recognising the need to discuss this and bring a community around the fastest growing demographic in our society".
James curates a weekly review of what's going on in this growing field. You can read more here and James has kindly agreed to provide us with a monthly update moving forward.
Before you go immersing yourself in all things PropTech however, take a few minutes to discover this month's best stories in the world of Agile Ageing. We kick off with a group of people who want humans to live even longer. Forever perhaps.
Whatever your thoughts on Artificial Intelligence, there's no denying as a subject it's white hot right now. 'What will it do, when will it do it, and how much will it impact our lives?' are all questions many people, and industries are asking.
The longevity industry is no different. And according to this recent article, AI is giving some companies a great deal of confidence in what they call the 'fight' against ageing – whether that's to slow it down, reverse it or even extend it indefinitely.
Dr. Alex Zhavoronkov, CEO of bioinformatics firm Insilico Medicine, leads a company whose "long-term goals are continuous improvement of human performance, and the prevention and cure of age-related diseases." And he believes it can be done by "using A.I. to discover new drugs and develop biomarkers for aging."
Read the full article to see how they, and several other companies propose to do so, but the question we ask right now is, if we are to live even longer then what on earth will we all do? We'll keep you up to date with all the latest theories of what that may be, but why not start with this article PropTech shared recently by Yuval Noah Harari: 'The meaning of life in a world without work'. There's a good chance it will encourage you to retrain as a virtual world designer.
One thing we may need to do in this brave new world of immortality is stay fit. And this recent study by the Mayo Clinic revealed the best exercise to help. The bad news? It's intense.
Working Up a Sweat
In a recent article from the NY Times, we found out that choosing the right exercise can actually affect our bodies on a cellular level – even as we age. And since our bodies regenerate less easily as we grow older – producing less energy due to the diminishing number and activity of our cells' mitochondria – then choosing the right exercise can make a big difference.
The study found that; "Among the younger subjects who went through interval training, the activity levels had changed in 274 genes…, and among the older cohort, almost 400 genes were working differently now…". And surprisingly, "older people's cells responded in some ways more robustly to intense exercise than the cells of the young did", which led to the study's lead author concluding that "it is never too late to benefit from exercise".
If you decide to take up the challenge and begin your interval training though, you may face a new dilemma - what to do with your continued levels of activity? Try breaking a world record or two, perhaps challenge for the position as the world's oldest skydiver? Well if you did, then it's good to know that improving technology and changing payment models are making robotic legs more affordable.
Although not the first to develop robotic legs, Toyota grabbed headlines recently with their new Welwalk WW-1000 system. According to this article, it is designed "for people with severe mobility loss in one leg, such as stroke patients. The motorised brace fits around the knee and lower leg, helping the wearer to bend and straighten the joint".
But what caught the interest of Dr Farshid Amirabdollahian, an expert in rehabilitation robotics and assistive technology at the University of Hertfordshire, wasn't simply the technology, but the way in which Toyota were making it available to patients. According to Dr Amirabdollahian; "Previously users of this technology were limited by how much they could afford: rehabilitation technology is quite expensive and many [hospitals] cannot afford it." But, as the article continued; "By allowing hospitals to rent the equipment, more could benefit from the system."
As the funding pressures and demands on our health systems increase every year, then innovative models such as this may well become the norm. Perhaps we'll even get to the stage where we can 3D print our own robotic legs to help us walk our way through virtual worlds we designed ourselves. Great way to keep fit.
That's it for this month's review. We'll keep sharing the best stories as we see them, so if you haven't already then follow us on twitter and be sure to let us know if you see any great ways people are shaking things up.
Until then, stay agile!
Agile Ageing Alliance: Connecting digital and social innovators in an ageing society
firstname.lastname@example.org / @AgileAgeing
Image used with permission: Copyright | <urn:uuid:c76898cd-eb45-4c88-811f-2457fdcc9e57> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.agileageing.org/blog/post/4394/AAA--In-the-News-May-2017-Life-Begins-at-101/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.960027 | 1,166 | 1.695313 | 2 |
53 out of 100
Mechanism of action of pentostatin: (LQ)
|A||HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor|
|B||Adenosine deaminase enzyme inhibition|
|C||RNA dependent DNA polymerase|
|D||Aldolase enzyme inhibitor|
Ans. B Pentostatin
The mechanism of action of is by inhibition of adenosine deaminase (ADA). It is an antineoplastic drug, which is used in the treatment of Hairy Cell Leukemia. | <urn:uuid:9049e722-5b80-48d7-aaa7-c766d2b0736f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://gradestack.com/Dr-Bhatia-Medical/Mechanism-of-action-of/52-3042-3203-16384-sf | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00053-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.788375 | 115 | 1.5625 | 2 |
(WASHINGTON) — The Supreme Court issuing an unsigned order refusing to block a Texas abortion ban while it faces a legal challenge stunned many and marked a significant moment in the United States’ history of reproductive rights.
The playbook for years by anti-abortion legislators was to slowly chip away at the right to an abortion via mechanisms like “targeted restrictions on abortion providers” or “TRAP” laws, while outright pre-viability bans were seen as unrealistic.
“This was really bad and really unexpected,” Robin Marty, operations director at the West Alabama Women’s Center and author of “New Handbook for a Post-Roe America,” told ABC News. “We thought it would be slower and not nearly as, ‘all right, we’re done, rights are gone.'”
The Texas law bans physicians from providing abortions “if the physician detects a fetal heartbeat,” including embryonic cardiac activity, which can be as early as six weeks into a pregnancy. Before Wednesday, no law was in effect that banned abortions earlier than 20 weeks of pregnancy. Many states had tried to enact early gestational bans, but they had all been blocked by courts.
That’s because of clear precedent. In 1973, the Supreme Court declared abortion a protected right in Roe v. Wade. Twenty years later, in 1992’s Planned Parenthood v. Casey, the Supreme Court reaffirmed “the constitutionally protected liberty of the woman to decide to have an abortion before the fetus attains viability and to obtain it without undo interference from the State.”
“Viability” means a fetus can survive outside of a uterus, and that typically happens around 24 to 28 weeks. So laws that outright ban abortion before that stage have been systematically knocked down by courts.
“Every time the states have passed them, the federal courts universally blocked them,” Marc Hearron, lead attorney on the Texas case and senior counsel at the Center for Reproductive Rights, told ABC News. “This is the first time that a federal court has allowed a six-week ban to take effect.”
A six-week ban in Georgia, for instance, was struck down last year.
“A ‘heartbeat’ ban isn’t even close to viability. So there’s nothing about that that was even an attempt to be within the confines of the Constitution. That standing alone would make it unconstitutional,” Kimberly Mutcherson, co-dean and law professor at Rutgers Law School, told ABC News about the Texas law.
Before the Georgia law was struck down, it was blocked from going into effect while courts heard the challenge. That is how these cases usually go and was what the Center for Reproductive Rights was asking for from the Supreme Court.
“The thing that the federal court should do when a law is going to pose grave harm is preserve the status quo while if there are difficult issues, you can litigate those difficult issues,” Hearron said.
This was something Chief Justice John Roberts called for in his own dissent, writing: “I would grant preliminary relief to preserve the status quo ante — before the law went into effect — so that the courts may consider whether a state can avoid responsibility for its laws in such a manner.”
The Texas law is different from previous bans in that it prohibits the state from enforcing the ban, instead authorizing private citizens to bring civil suits against anyone who “aids or abets” an abortion.
With that, Mutcherson said, “they created this sort of confusion and this hook that the Supreme Court was able to use in order to say, ‘We’re not going to stay the law, we’re going to allow it to go into effect, and then we’ll see what happens.'”
Marty believes one thing that will happen is “people are going to have to decide for themselves whether this is a just law that needs to be followed or not, and what sort of risks they’re willing to take in order to essentially bring it down.”
What’s also different now is the makeup of the Supreme Court since President Donald Trump’s appointments and the death of Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg. To Mutcherson, this was a sign of “raw politics coming out of the Supreme Court,” and many saw this as the result of years of increasingly bold state laws being proposed by lawmakers emboldened by the new conservative majority and a slate of federal appellate judges appointed by Trump.
It is important to note that the Supreme Court’s order stated it “is not based on any conclusion about the constitutionality of Texas’ law.” Rather, the order not to issue an injunction was on technical grounds, and the legal challenge against the law is ongoing.
“The law remains that these bans are unconstitutional. Unfortunately, the Supreme Court let one take effect anyway,” Hearron said.
This order also in no way overturned Roe.
“Where we stand right now is that Texas has a law on the books that is completely unconstitutional under the precedent of Roe and Casey, but that law has not yet been enjoined or officially declared unconstitutional by any court,” Mutcherson said, adding, “The right to abortion continues to exist and continues to be protected by Roe and by Casey.”
And in the meantime, Mutcherson said, “The women who are going to suffer are women of color, poor women, young women, women who are undocumented — those are the folks that these kinds of laws really strike at.”
Copyright © 2021, ABC Audio. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:96b8fccc-c982-4d24-9551-3815d9c1a415> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://wkym.com/2021/09/03/how-unprecedented-the-texas-abortion-law-is-in-scope-of-history/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.968572 | 1,195 | 2.453125 | 2 |
The big thing to keep in mind when working with nulls is that NULL does
not mean that there is nothing in the field. NULL means that the
database does not know what is in the field. So, the only way to base a
selection on whether or not a field is NULL is to use the ISNULL()
function. Also, no comparison with NULL will ever return true. A query
like "SELECT * FROM SomeTable WHERE NULL = NULL" will return no records.
Since the database does not know what is in a NULL-valued field, it
cannot be confident that one such field is equal to another, and since
it's not confident, it has to return false.
In response to
pgsql-novice by date
|Next:||From: Thom Brown||Date: 2010-06-30 12:41:45|
|Subject: Re: null vs empty string|
|Previous:||From: Kent Thomas||Date: 2010-06-30 12:21:54|
|Subject: null vs empty string| | <urn:uuid:20533cb4-1bcd-49ef-9698-55fe4df72510> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/04A6DB42D2BA534FAC77B90562A6A03D01465CFF@server.rad-con.local | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720941.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00518-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.879739 | 224 | 2.53125 | 3 |
By Sohaa Khan
Media consumption has been influential for as long as its conception and is often the root of where many take inspiration for their beliefs and ideals and feel empowered to share their opinions – whether good or bad. This is why it is no surprise that social media platforms have been used to spread hate speech, misinformation, and extremist content to incite online tensions leading to real-life violence. This issue is further exacerbated by social media platforms, such as Facebook, doing little to block hate content except when it is too late and the damage is already done. Unregulated fake news spreads like wildfire and jumps from one social media platform to another and rather than immediately blocking content or the users behind it, Facebook has shown again and again that it values clicks and shares over the lives of innocent people.
The problem that techno-determinism poses is that technology determines the cultural directions and opinions of society and vice versa; technology and society are entangled in one another and will always be influencing each other. This makes it difficult to determine whether people who commit violence are first influenced by social media or if social media is influenced by what is happening in the world. Unfortunately, the answer can be both which makes it harder to tackle the problem and determine what solutions can be implemented first. An experiment was conducted by a Facebook researcher in 2019 to experience social media in India and they would “like” any recommended pages that came across their feed. This experiment, among many others that were similarly conducted and compiled into the Facebook Papers, showed that Facebook truly does not care about the misinformation and hate speech that easily spreads on its platform and claims to not have the resources to do anything about it. With 87% of the company’s budget focused on North America, Facebook only spends 13% of its budget on the rest of the world despite only having 10% of its userbase located in North America. The problem this poses is that while the majority of Facebook’s userbase is outside of North America, it has delegated little resources to utilize when issues aggravated by Facebook arise. Facebook needs to reallocate its budget to be able to handle content management and stop the spread of misinformation in other countries. This will then allow Facebook to be able to set up regional offices in these countries where the spread of misinformation is high so they can be the first ones alerted about a potential growing threat and handle it.
Facebook’s mishandling of Myanmar
The infamous 2021 military coup in Myanmar is a prime example of how Facebook is complicit in the loss of lives and how the situation was grossly mishandled. Facebook’s algorithm, much like the experiment done in India, promoted posts that praised the military and pushed for violence. Many people in Myanmar rely on Facebook not only as a social media site, but as a news source which can often be biased or posted with individual user’s comments on matters. Sharing these articles with negative comments enables others with similar views to be more prominent and voice their opinions. These echo chambers where people are free to spread their extremist views and receive validation from others with the same views will then regard these extremist opinions as facts and disregard the real narrative. When posts that instigate violence gain more likes and shares, this creates a problem that spills over into real-life leading to radicalized people who create violence – which is what happened in Myanmar.
Facebook responded to the violence by taking down content that praised the coup and then the platform was blocked by internet providers at the request of the military. However, another experiment was done similar to the one in India in which a clean Facebook account was set up and the algorithm was tested. The results showed that even though Facebook is removing posts that praise the coup, there are still pages and groups that express similar sentiments as pro-coup posts that are being suggested by the algorithm. By further promoting these echo chambers and allowing them to continue to exist, the platform is still complicit in the violence that has ensued.
What can be done?
International standards need to be set by international organizations, such as the United Nations, to handle this issue. Due to social media’s transnational nature, by agreeing upon international standards on how to handle misinformation and incendiary posts, international organizations can provide guidelines for how to deal with social media platforms and individual users who do not comply.
Facebook, along with other social media platforms need to realize that they hold more power than they think. The effects of social media on society are too strong and are integrated into everyday life that this reality cannot be ignored. Social media platforms need to be able to allocate enough funds to handle issues such as in Myanmar and others across the globe. By focusing on Western users, the rest of the world is left to deal with the causes and effects of misinformation that have run rampant on social media sites and the violence it brings. If international standards are set on funds that need to be set aside for dealing with the consequences of online misinformation and hate speech, this will ensure that social media platforms can be held accountable when they choose to take no action. In addition to this, regional offices need to be set up as first responders in these situations so they can help stop the spread of misinformation and hate speech. The world of social media will continue to expand and it is imperative that this issue is resolved before more lives are lost over likes and shares.
Sohaa Khan is a second-year M.A. candidate at the School of Diplomacy and International Relations at Seton Hall, specializing in International Law and Human Rights and Asian Studies. She is the Deputy Editor-in-Chief for the Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations, Director of Communications for the Graduate Diplomacy Council, and a member of the Sigma Iota Rho Honor Society. She hopes to continue studying the relationship between social media and how online hate speech and misinformation lead to violence. | <urn:uuid:3d763619-3a11-499a-b15d-6dd342e612e4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blogs.shu.edu/journalofdiplomacy/2022/03/storytime-social-media-leads-to-violence/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.962927 | 1,184 | 2.546875 | 3 |
AGRICULTURE, ENVIRONMENTAL AND DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
Non Technical Summary
Land use change could affect the competitiveness of agricultural production in the United States in a number of ways: By removing productive land from agricultural uses; by reducing investments in capital and machinery and altering productivity of farm operations; by shifting the proportion of land devoted to different types of crops; and by reducing productivity of land available for agriculture and raising cash rents; etc. Given all these changes, it could be more difficult for agricultural producers to compete in the world economy. It is useful to understand how the urbanization process affects crop choice, farming practices land tenure, cash rents, and capital investments in the agricultural sector. This research explores how crop choices, farming practices, cash rents, land tenure, capital intensity, and land use change are related to agricultural competitiveness. Our hypothesis is that farmer choices over capital investment and crops affect the marginal
productivity of cropland and hence, land-use change, and that land-use change in turn affects the choice of capital investment and crops. The models developed by the research team will show how cropping choices are affected by urbanization pressures; how crop and capital intensity decisions influence the marginal productivity of land and hence land use change; and how land tenure affects crop choices and capital intensity decisions. The research focuses on the Midwestern United States, although the methods developed can be utilized more broadly.
Animal Health Component
Research Effort Categories
Goals / Objectives
The overall goal of this research is to explore how agriculture adjusts and adapts to changing land uses, particularly urbanization. The basic hypothesis is that as development occurs, agriculture remains competitive by adapting with a range of options, such as changing crops, renting land, adjusting capital intensity, and adjusting cash rents. The specific objectives of this proposal are: (1) To assess how crop choices in the Midwestern United States are affected by urbanization pressures; (2) To develop a model that predicts crop choice and land use simultaneously; and (3) To explore the effect of non-farm ownership on farming practices and to explore how the capital-land ratio changes at different distances from urban centers and different land rental rates. The objectives in this research will provide a richer understanding of how crop choices are affected by development pressures, how crop choices affect development processes, and how land tenure affects crop
choice and capital intensity decisions within the agricultural sector. Given the widespread changes in land use that have occurred within the United States over its history, as well as within the past 10-20 years, the results of this research will help policy makers understand the potential implications of future development, and shifts in population, on the agricultural sector. This is particularly important for the Midwestern US, which has experienced large increases in population in recent years (USDA - NRI).
For our first two objectives, our general approach is to estimate several econometric models of land-use change and cropping pattern change with increasing levels of endogeneity among land-use and cropping choice decisions. County level data for 12 Midwestern States (Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota) will be used for these analyses. The first objective develops an econometric system model that predicts cropping choice across the sample of counties. The proportion of land in different types of crops (corn/soybean, vegetables/fruits, cover crops) is expressed as a multinomial logistic function with a number of different explanatory variables, including commodity prices, land values, capital investments, soil quality, weather variables, population density, distance to cities, roads, average property value and age, etc. The second objective develops a series of economic models to test
whether land use change and cropping choices are endogenous. For this objective we will employ two different methods. We will begin with logit models, which have been widely used in the literature. Second, we will develop a Markov-Chain model to allow for endogenous interactions among land-use and crop choices. The Markov model has not been as widely applied in economics, and it allows for a wide range of assumptions about correlations across error terms in different equations. The third objective focuses on individual observations of farming operations, and explores the relationships among land tenure, cash rent, cropping decisions, and capital to land ratios at different distances from urban centers and with different population densities. We will collect data on a sample of Ohio farmers to explore whether cash rent, capital to land ratio, and crop choice are endogenously determined. The survey data will also be linked to aggregate data from Census of Agriculture (USDA-NASS) and NRI
(USDA- NRI). We will estimate a system of equations that allows us to explore how capital intensity, cash rents, and crop choices interact at different distances from urban centers and with different population densities. | <urn:uuid:9f4b243c-cfa4-44ef-b518-6fcba1002f3f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.reeis.usda.gov/web/crisprojectpages/0193066-land-use-change-and-agricultural-competitiveness-in-the-midwestern-united-states.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719646.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00126-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.907155 | 1,007 | 3.109375 | 3 |
Here is a worksheet for students to complete as they explore earthquakes on the National Geographic and USGS websites. An answer key is provided.
Check out my "Forces of Nature" prduct. It includes this worksheet and three others: hurricanes, tornadoes, and volcanoes.
Keywords: earthuakes, USGS, science, curriculum, intergration, technology, computers, FAQS, scavenger hunt, worksheet | <urn:uuid:24c40844-6ce6-476b-87eb-323d3e94b0db> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Earthquakes-FAQS-Internet-Scavenger-Hunt-18858 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721595.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00479-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.876471 | 91 | 2.84375 | 3 |
Ever since Thomas A. Edison first turned the crank of his and heard the scratchy,
barely recognizable rendition of
, the phonograph has been a
source of awe and facination.
Over a hundred years later, the technology developed by Thomas Edison, Emile Berliner,
Bell & Taintor, and Eldridge Johnson has all but disappeared into the laserlight of the compact disc.
For all of you who are seduced by the sound of scratchy cylinders,
delight in the dignified density of the Diamond Disc,
or just think was a cool dog, then you are a Nipperhead!
We've got a new look!
The Nipperhead site is undergoing a major upgrade! We'll be able to utilize
newer web technologies involving graphics, audio, and more dynamic content.
And we picked December 6th, 2007, the 130th anniversary of Edison's
invention of the phonograph, to launch the new site.
Click to start/stop the rotating Brady tinfoil.
Click and drag left/right on the image to rotate manually
However, all this will take some time. In the mean time, feel free to browse around the
content that IS working, and forgive those things that just don't work just right yet.
The old Nipperhead pages will continue to be available
until we have most of its content migrated to the new format. | <urn:uuid:be8f298c-5a8e-4e69-989d-cd7e929acb23> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.nipperhead.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.933799 | 317 | 2.25 | 2 |
ForAllRubrics is one of my best finds online in a long time. This is a free “service” for teachers that works on iPad and iPhone. Now, teachers will be able to create rubrics and easily use their iOS devices to assess all of their students.
This is not an actual iOS “app”, but rather a mobile web app. This means that you will not find it in the App store, but instead it runs off of your browser on your devices. Saving the website address to your home screen creates an icon which acts like an app.
Take a look at the official promo video from the developers:
Sign up here for a teacher account. It is completely free.
Setting up a few classes and rubrics will take some time. But once you have your classes inputted, the rest is easy. You'll get the hang of it in no time.
Setting up classes:
While you can create classlists lists rubrics directly on the website, I would suggest doing it in Microsoft Excel, using the .csv templates that are provided. Remember to save each .csv file separately for each class and rubric that you have!
All that is required in there are the first and last names, and a given “student ID”. You can input their email addresses as well (for emailing them their rubrics and marks). If are a homeroom teacher, you might find it easier to add each student one by one if you are unfamiliar with .csv files, but if you're like me (a language specialist with 14 classes), .csv is the only way to go. No one would enjoy individually inputting almost four hundred names.
Once your classes are complete, go back to the website and choose “Import Roster” under the Admin tab and “manage students” section.
Check out this short video I created to show the ease of marking using ForAllRubics, both on iPad and iPhone:
Setting up your first rubric:
There are a lot of sample rubrics on the website that you can access on your PC. You can check them out and then customize them as well:
If you want to start a rubric from scratch (maybe even transfer a pre-existing one that you have used in the past), you can do it within the website, or do it again in .csv format in Microsoft excel (I find this latter method easier and more clear-cut). This is a rubric I just threw together for this review. This took me literally five minutes:
Remember to use the “Save as…” function in Excel. Import the rubrics on PC version of the website (not available on iPad).
Synchronization is obviously an important feature of ForAllRubrics. Teachers will want to ensure all the data inputted on iPad will make its way to the website. Make sure you always tap: “Go Online” and after a few seconds your devices will all sync nicely together.
Remember to add the website to your home screen on your devices. This creates an “icon” where you can access the service as if it were an app.
Here is a screenshot of a sample class with a sample project rubric. Marks are all recorded, along with the date of assessment and options to print/email. You are able to use your rubrics across all your classes. Change classes by tapping the area right above the green “Options” :
Tip: Don't choose the “Mobile App Login” option for now
Unfortunately I did have some trouble working with their “Mobile Login”. This feature is supposed to give you data collection without requiring internet access. However, multiple attempts to sync any data while logged into this option failed. Everything worked fine on all devices under: “Website login”. Perhaps until the developers figure this out, I would avoid any offline assessing. Make sure you are online when you are marking your rubrics. Avoid choosing “Mobile App Login” for now. I will update this section when a solution is provided. I did speak with tech support, and they did mention that this is a “work in progress”.
There is also a very comprehensive FAQ section, based on their own blog. Take a look at it if you have any further questions. Your answers will be found there. Everything you need to get set up is clearly laid out for you.
Not only can you input data, but this data can be analyzed in different facets as well. This is a great way to check stats and see how your students are measuring up to both your standards and core standards. Finally, all this analysis can be downloaded back into .csv format for your records. Here is just one example of the teacher analysis:
I can honestly say that I have been very happy to try ForAllRubrics out with my classes when this school year. For a free service, this is going to be an excellent way to further incorporate the iPad into my teaching (essentially the very reason for teachingwithipad.org!). This makes me want to use/create even more rubrics than I currently do. Rubrics are an ideal way of assessing students: Students are able to see exactly what is expected of them. They know the criteria for all the projects that are assigned. For educators, rubrics can give a clear picture of the strengths and weaknesses of the students. This is a win-win for both students and teachers. Grading is not the most fun part of our job, but I believe with ForAllRubrics, grading can become both easier and more convenient. It can eliminate paper as well: Graded rubrics don't have to be printed, but emailed instead to both students and parents. Give ForAllRubrics a try and you won't regret it once your assignments start rolling in. | <urn:uuid:bb17466c-6ebd-40e3-8393-94948d7a4a87> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://teachingwithipad.org/2013/07/23/forallrubric/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00311-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955692 | 1,211 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Ralph "Soul" Jackson - 'Cause I Love You (Atlantic 2593)
'Cause I Love You
After mentioning him in the Roscoe Robinson post a couple of weeks ago, I figured the time was right to talk about Mister Jackson.
Ralph was raised in Phenix City, Alabama, a rough and tumble neighborhood just across the river from Columbus, Georgia. Growing up in the same house as his first cousins, Joseph and Fletcher Hewell, they were always 'banging on something' and making music together, whether in Church or as part of the marching band at school. When Ralph was in his senior year, He wrote a song called Don't Tear Yourself Down and sent it off to Rick Hall up in Muscle Shoals. Hall called him back a few days later, and told him to drive on up.
The year was 1967, and Fame was in its prime. The incredible soul music that was emanating from the studio was all over the radio. Young Ralph was kind of surprised to see that the guys that were playing on most of those records weren't much older than himself. The keyboard player, one Spooner Oldham, and he hit it off right away, and they set about recording his song, along with a cover of Hank Williams' Jambalaya for the flip.
All of this was going on soon after Jerry Wexler had had his famous falling out with Rick Hall. Another New York 'record man', Larry Uttal, was only too happy to step in. Uttal had taken over Bell Records in the early sixties, and was having some success in the southern market through his arrangement with Allen Toussaint and Marshall Sehorn (most notably with Lee Dorsey on Bell's Amy subsidiary). In 1966, much to Wexler's chagrin, Uttal had made a 'handshake deal' with Papa Don Schroeder that had landed great records Schroeder produced at Fame (and later at American) on James & Bobby Purify and Oscar Toney Jr. with Bell.
Dan Penn had already left Fame by the time Ralph had gotten there, and Spooner was about to join him at American in Memphis. All of this, I'm sure, led to Ralph's single (Amy 11002) being placed with Uttal instead of Wexler. Bell, however, never quite had the 'juice' Atlantic had down south, and couldn't promote a record the way the larger company did. That, coupled with the fact that, for some reason, they had decided on Jambalaya as the 'plug side', basically killed the record's chances.
In the meantime, Columbus dee-jay Ed "Dr. Jive" Mendel had started his own record label, and reached out across the river to sign Ralph's cousin Joe, now known as Jo-Jo Benson. Benson's first single, Kiss Tomorrow Goodbye made some local noise, and paved the way for his later big hits with Peggy Scott. Mendel would then sign cousin Fletcher (now calling himself Fletcher Flowers) as well, releasing the ultra-rare deep soul ballad Comfort Me Baby on his new Peggy-Sue imprint in 1968.
Spooner Oldham, meanwhile, hadn't burned any bridges, and was back at Fame ready to produce his friend Ralph's next record (the one you're listening to now) in 1969. (As you may have noticed, Wexler made sure he got this one before Uttal did.) This lesser known Penn-Oldham B side just cooks along... I'm loving the acoustic guitar, and those oh-so Dan Penn lyrics - "You told me you needed the brand new Cadillac, come on here and looka-now baby, there's one parked right out back!" Cool, man. The flip is a cover of Sunshine Of Your Love. Yes, that Sunshine Of Your Love. You have got to hear this. Really. I put it up on the A side. It will blow you away.
It was Ed Mendel that introduced Ralph to Neal Hemphill in Birmingham, and was instrumental in placing the next single he cut at Fame (in 1971) with Hemphill's Sound Of Birmingham label. By the latter half of the seventies, Rick Hall had begun concentrating on Pop and Country, and Jackson decided to cut his next record in Birmingham at Hemphill's studio. The resulting sides Set Me Free and Take Me Back were released on the Black Kat label in 1977. Lucky for us, they've recently been re-issued, both on a genuine vinyl 45, and as part of the amazing Birmingham Sound CD we've enthused about in this space before, brought to you by John Ciba and his Rabbit Factory. Great stuff.
In the early eighties, Ralph started up his own RAJAC and Black Stallion labels, eventually building his own studio in his backyard. He's also gone on to become the 'music minister' of his Church, and the best damn auto mechanic in Phenix City.
As we've talked about before, Ralph "Soul" Jackson has begun performing again in the wake of the Birmingham CD, and by all accounts has been simply fantastic! He's scheduled to appear at the Ponderosa Stomp in New Orleans next month.
I can't wait! | <urn:uuid:c94e70f6-1df0-484d-9aa4-3a2c4b379be6> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://redkelly.blogspot.com/2007/04/ralph-soul-jackson-cause-i-love-you.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720000.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00023-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.986137 | 1,084 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Grants Pass, OR (PRWEB) May 23, 2013
Sharon Kleyne and Bio Logic Aqua Research recently announced the launch of a new product to supplement natural tear film water due to dry eye disease and dehydrating environmental conditions. The product, Nature’s Tears® EyeMist®, according to Kleyne, is the “first ever personal, hand-held humidifying device that releases a 100% fresh water mist to the air around the eyes, which the eyes then absorb.”
Kleyne, who describes herself as “educator, inventor, radio commentator and water advocate” is Founder of Bio Logic Aqua Research, in Grants Pass, Oregon. Kleyne also hosts the Sharon Kleyne Hour Power of Water radio show on World Talk Radio, Voice America, Apple iTunes and Green Talk Network.
“The surface of the eye is 98% water,” Kleyne explains. “When eyes feel dry, itchy, burning, scratching, tired or uncomfortable, or if you experience frequent eye allergies, or if you spend time in places or activities that tend to cause eye discomfort, it usually means that the tear film has lost some of its surface water to evaporation." Other tear film components, Mrs. Kleyne has discovered, such as salt, lipids, antibodies and beneficial proteins, are usually unaffected.
Kleyne notes that 80% of eye doctor visits in the United States now involve dry eye symptoms and that the worldwide growth in dry eye disease is approaching a medical crisis. While the rate is unacceptably high in the United States, it is much higher elsewhere.
A United States patent was recently awarded to Mrs. Kleyne on the “application of a 100% fresh water mist for dry eye symptoms.” This is the first ever US patent on the use of pure water as a non-drug medical therapy (the patent is on the applicator). Several countries have awarded similar patents to Mrs. Kleyne and more are pending.
Sharon Kleyne is an outspoken advocate of proactive prevention through education. To Kleyne, educating people about proper eye care and the need for supplemental eye moisture in an era of increasing drought, solar radiation, air pollution and dehydrating indoor conditions, is just as important as selling the product.
Nature’s Tears® EyeMist® is available online at http://www.naturestears.com in selected drugstores nationwide and in many ophthalmologist and optometrist offices. The product has been licensed in Canada and parts of the United States and will soon be available worldwide.
Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2013/5/prweb10760624.htm.
Copyright©2012 Vocus, Inc.
All rights reserved | <urn:uuid:626b212b-bb6c-4242-b591-3c835e2f8e4a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bio-medicine.org/medicine-news-1/Water-Entrepreneur-Announces-First-Ever-Personal-Dry-Eye-Humidifier-107316-1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00063-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935115 | 582 | 2 | 2 |
This tutorial picks up where the previous one left off by examining the XSLT language in more detail and showing you some interesting ways in which XSLT can be used to transform XML content. More specifically, you learn how to sort and process nodes, as well as how to perform conditional tests and computational operations with expressions. This tutorial arms you with the XSLT knowledge necessary to create practical XSLT style sheets that you can use in your own XML projects.
In this tutorial, you'll learn
- More details about the XSLT style sheet language
- How to process and sort nodes in an XSLT style sheet
- How to use patterns and expressions in XSLT
- How to apply XSLT style sheets to more challenging document transformation tasks | <urn:uuid:75946bd9-fac5-4e31-966d-0776e6091807> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.brainbell.com/tutorials/XML/TOC_Transforming_XML_With_XSLT.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00458-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.89075 | 157 | 2.3125 | 2 |
TEMPERED GLASS PRODUCTS
Applications of tempered glass
All of our tempered glass are custom built to customers' specification, including size, color, shape, detail and finish. The tempered glass can be used in applications such as shower enclosure, fence, doors and windows, partition, railing, furniture...
- 5 times harder than ordinary float glass, stronger resistance to thermal breakage than annealed or heat strengthened glass.
- Once breakage occurs, the glass disintegrates into small cubical fragments, which are relatively harmless to the human body.
- It withstands abrupt temperature change of 220 Centigrade.
- Sizes are produced as per customer request.
- Once tempered, it cannot be cut down.
- Glass Types: Float Glass, Pattern Glass Colors: Clear, Extra Clear, Bronze, Grey, Blue, and Green, etc.
- Thickness: 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 19mm
- Size: max. 2440x3600mm can be produced as per request.
Need A Quote Or Have A Question?
If you have any question, feel free to contact us. We reply within 12 hours!
Fill out the form to get a quotation from us! | <urn:uuid:f8b98b1d-1805-406b-8d7b-ed44bde1e6ff> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hzltglass.com/tempered-glass-supplier/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.881515 | 286 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Is there an easier way to change note duration of a note already inscribed other than:
1. Selecting the note duration needed
2. Selecting the note that is already inscribe that you want to change
3. Clicking on the note with the new duration value.
With multiple notes that needs to be changed, for experimentation or for correction, there should be a faster way through a keyboard shortcut for example. | <urn:uuid:92f35989-9ba2-4bfd-a600-ab4d07c788bb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://answers.presonus.com/19428/change-note-duration | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.890381 | 87 | 1.515625 | 2 |
While the two are often associated, education and innovations are definitely not necessarily mutually exclusive. In order for education to gain society in particular, it has to increase quality. Even though the two get hand in hand, ground breaking education is targeted in improving the standard of education, expanding access, and making it simpler to learn. Actually some of the most crucial innovations in education are listed below. An example is the using of new technology, which allows teachers and students to provide education out of anywhere, even though they are certainly not in the same place.
The introduction of the video cassette recorder, which will allowed kids to practice inside the comfort of their homes, elevated the number of rehearsal opportunities. The video cassette recorder also extended children’s show. These technology have motivated education, but have limitations as well. A more https://pittcon-2017.org/2019/07/06/pittcon-international-conference/ comprehensive analysis of the educational benefits of these innovations can be helpful. Education and innovative developments would gain from better information to evaluate and increase them. The goals with this conference should be combine the best of the most recent advancements in science and education to switch the basis of education.
Innovations in education could be as simple since combining two existing ideas. For example , a flipped class allows pupils to watch lectures at home even though completing assignments in the classroom. The flipped classroom also includes more technology. A mixed classroom should introduce college students to technology as they would in the real world. Furthermore, powerful online video tools prefer facilitate connection between institution districts and parents. Innovations in education are often based on the development of new methods and techniques for instructing. In addition , professors can come up with ideas new ways training and learning. | <urn:uuid:47401c91-62ba-4487-b03b-af2c3aa38f36> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.etihadrail-ae.com/education-and-innovations/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.961068 | 353 | 3.3125 | 3 |
Sony Pictures Classics
Mike Leigh is one of few filmmakers who could say something like, “Given the choice of Hollywood and poking steel pins in my eyes, I’d prefer steel pins” without suggesting even a hint of hyperbole. Leigh is deeply principled in terms of the dramatics, process, and politics of filmmaking, and we’re all the better off for it. The filmmaker made a name for himself with acutely humanist works of British social realism that bore some inheritance to the “kitchen sink” tradition, but imbue drama with a type of wit, spontaneity, and empathy that is simply inimitable. Leigh’s patient, improvisatory, and collaborative process appears seriously counterintuitive from the perspective of commercial filmmaking, and as a result produces human dramas that are deeply felt and strikingly insightful.
And in his early seventies ‐ after making a dozen feature films and even more TV programs ‐ Leigh is still finding new, seemingly unlikely means of representing life through the moving image. His most recent film, Mr. Turner, was his first to be shot digitally. It’s a surprising move for a period piece, but Leigh and longtime cinematographer Dick Pope use the relatively new technology of capturing 21st century images in order to depict how painter J.M.W. Turner found new ways of capturing 18th century images.
So here is a bit of free film school (for fans and filmmakers alike) from the guy who has realized the best performances by your favorite British character actors.
Improvisation Should Be an Arduous, Time-Consuming Process
“The world of the characters and their relationships is brought into existence by discussion and a great amount of improvisation … And research into anything and everything that will fill out the authenticity of the character…I’ll set up an improvisation, I’ll analyse and discuss it, we’ll do another, and I’ll refine and refine until the actions and dialogue are totally integrated. Then we shoot it.”
From an interview quoted in the compendium “Mike Leigh on Mike Leigh,” the filmmaker explains what his oft-mentioned process of improvisation actually means. With period films as complex and varied as Topsy Turvy and Vera Drake, it would seem anathema to inject the supposed anarchy of improvisation into material that requires historical verisimilitude. But like John Cassavetes (whose revolutionary Shadows was very important in his development as a cineaste), Leigh approaches improvisation as a time-consuming, developmental, and structured process of involved collaboration, not the free-for-all it’s erroneously assumed to be.
There’s Richness in the Relationship Between Characters and Their Environment
In this appreciation of Turner’s paintings, Leigh reveals a great deal of what made him attracted to a story about Turner in the first place, and moreover what motivates him as an artist and filmmaker in general: his interest in the relationship of characters to their environment. This is key to what makes Leigh so unique as a filmmaker, and what gives his film the striking realism that they each possess regardless of the fact that he’s often depicting different types of British life, across time and space. Understand and explore the relationship of characters to their environment ‐ these relationships are essential to appreciating who these characters are. This is also useful for making biopics and period pieces that aren’t subject to the genre’s trappings: understand that your characters have never resided in a vacuum of context.
Embrace What’s New; Cinema Will Survive
“That’s bollocks, in a word,” Leigh says, with a sort of half grin. “It’s a ludicrous statement, because apart from anything else, it’s a backward-looking statement that is irresponsible. I remember a time in the late ’70s when people said, ‘Cinema is over.’ There are young filmmakers doing all sorts of fantastic things and part of the reason that’s possible is the democratization of the medium because of a new technology, so [Quentin Tarantino’s generalization that digital is ‘TV in public’] is twaddle.”
Between television and film, and capturing images via celluloid or video, Leigh has embraced an array of means that looks forward to new and different opportunities for bringing characters to life onscreen. For what it’s worth, European filmmakers (from leigh to Ingmar Bergman) have been making great films on television for decades. Also, “twaddle” is a great word to use when dissing someone.
Criticism is Important, But Access is More Important
By asserting that, “People get off on engaging with a world that they absolutely believe in or relate to…,” Leigh here attempts to put the rest the supposed wisdom (and, frankly, the condescending assumption) that only dedicated aesthetes look to cinema for profound, difficult truths. To see one’s life (or anything otherwise relatable) can be a powerful, moving experience. And yes, it bears repeating, identification with onscreen characters and their circumstances can actually be entertaining as well. So let’s move on for the assumption that “ordinary” people only go to the movies for escapism. It’s important that audiences have an opportunity to make these decisions for themselves.
Remember Not to Work
“The nature of what I do is totally creative, and you have to get in there and stick with it. The tension between the bourgeois suburban and the anarchist bohemian that is in my work is obviously in my life, too…I started to pull myself together. I didn’t work, I simply stayed at home and looked after the boys.”
It’s often repeated that one has to live in order to make art about life. But there’s also living for it’s own sake as well, not as a means for better, fresher work. Although Leigh as a filmmaker has proven a dedicated advocate for the overworked, underrepresented underclasses, and in his career has focused on working for art for aesthetic, humanist, political expression rather than any possible commercial end, in some respects the most radical thing a creative leftist can do is choose not to work at all.
Take Your Gut Seriously
“No, I’m not an intellectual filmmaker. These are emotional, subjective, intuitive, instinctive, vulnerable films. And there’s a feeling of despair…I think there’s a feeling of chaos and disorder.”
What We’ve Learned
Mike Leigh has been nominated for Best Screenplay five times by the Academy, and in each instance he has actually had to transcribe a screenplay after the completion of the film. In other words, Leigh has had to make a legible construct of a film’s blueprint according to the conventional and assumed “rules” of filmmaking in order to be recognized by the film industry’s established institutions. This illustrates how much wide of a gap exists between Leigh’s view of filmmaking and the dominant practices of film industries, the irony being that if Leigh had played by the rules by bothering to write a screenplay beforehand, he would not have made a film so exceptional as to be recognized after the fact. | <urn:uuid:7201e86f-45f0-4df9-b37f-59afda3aef8d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://stage.filmschoolrejects.com/6-filmmaking-tips-from-mike-leigh-7698044e4cd5/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572870.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817062258-20220817092258-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.959978 | 1,544 | 1.953125 | 2 |
Pavilions of African countries: Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania
Theme: Cities of Discoveries and Harmony
National Pavilion Day: Sept. 9th
Kenya Pavilion showcases its rich wild animal resources, wonderful landscape, fertile land and unique urban styles. It also presents the harmonious relation between cities and nature, as well as the problems in its urban development.
Theme: Tradition and Modern Cities
National Pavilion Day: Oct. 4th
Focusing on the theme of ‘Tradition and Modern Cities’, Lesotho Pavilion displays the integration course of its traditional Basotho culture and modern urban life. Lesotho Pavilion has two exhibition areas: the Lesotho Cottage and the Central Square.
Theme: A Safe City Is a Peaceful City
National Pavilion Day: Aug. 23rd
By displaying the efforts of the government and the people, Liberia Pavilion intends to show the country’s readiness for renaissance, happiness for regaining peace, and great confidence in the future. Liberia has a large amount of rainfall. Using ‘water’ as an elemental trace, Liberia Pavilion presents a nation with favorable geographical location, beautiful natural environment and ingenious people.
Theme: Living Naturally: Diversified Ecology–Culture–Development – Tourism
National Pavilion Day: May 30th
Madagascar is the country with the world largest number of endemic plants and animal species. Modernization and globalization have had little impact on the ecological environment of this country. Madagascar Pavilion is dedicated to showing the country’s culture, and the modernized lifestyle in the cities and peripheral countryside.
Theme: Malawi – A Smart Choice for a Better Life
National Pavilion Day: Jul. 14th
Malawi Pavilion will showcase the country’s experience and solutions concerning urban regeneration, cultural carrying-on, economic transformations, urban-rural relations, and environmental changes and urban responsibilities.
Theme: Prosperity of Urban Economy
National Pavilion Day: May 31st
Mali Pavilion tries to illustrate what is a better city: nurtured by the heritage of brilliant ancient civilization, the Malian people of different ethnic groups are strongly united. The pavilion showcases Mali’s culture, arts, handicrafts and tourism resources, as well as the hospitality of the Malian people.
Theme: Paradox between Ancient and Modern Cities of Mauritania
National Pavilion Day: Jul. 19th
Mauritania Pavilion exhibits the dialogue between two different kinds of cities: the ancient desert cities, regarded as treasure, with traditional lifestyle and the modern city of Nouakchott. | <urn:uuid:303c7a7d-181a-47bf-a1aa-936818728bf2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://english.sina.com/life/2010/0422/315811.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00390-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.857198 | 540 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Introduction / History
The Dubla live along the coast of western central India, primarily in the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Rajasthan. They speak Dubla, a Bhil language that belongs to the Indo-Aryan linguistic family. The Dubla tribe contains twenty sub-groups, of which the Talavias have the highest social rank.
What Are Their Lives Like?
Long ago, the cultural prosperity of Gujarat State attracted people from all the surrounding states. Gujarat became a target of the Maratha tribes, who made annual raids to the region for many years. Eventually, the Muslims fortified the area east of Surat in order to reap its economic benefits. It is believed that the Dubla moved farther south due to pressure from the Muslims.
By 1817, the British had risen to power, and attempted to mend what the Maratha had left behind. At that time, farmland was dispersed among the settlers. A long period of oppression by the Rajput and other outlaws brought the Dubla to such indebtedness that they were sold as slaves.
Agricultural slavery was not abolished until 1923. Until that time, the Dubla were in bondage to the landowners. They were completely dependent on their masters to loan them whatever they needed for survival. The masters knew that it would be impossible for the Dubla to ever pay them back; and for this, the Dubla owed their masters loyalty, respect, and submission. The slave lived near his master providing them with "economic security."
What Are Their Beliefs?
Once slavery had been abolished, the number of Dubla agricultural workers who did not own land increased. The loss of slave labor was a great setback for the landlords. Since this changeover from the bondage of servitude to the freedom of day-laborers, the government has given financial support to help improve the Dubla's social position.
Today, the Dubla are a very stubborn people, perhaps because they were considered inferior servants for such a long time. They now work as sharecroppers, servants, and casual laborers. However, due to a lack of sufficient and consistent employment, many do migrant work in order to survive. They may spend seven months each year at brickyards near Bombay, taking their whole families with them to work. Since most of the Dubla still do not possess their own land, they remain the poorest of the farmers. The villagers depend on shopkeepers for the sale of their agricultural products and purchase of consumer goods.
Dubla villages are located along small rivers near other Bhil villages. The Dubla are among the poorest in the village, and they typically live in one-room, mud-brick houses with extremely low thatch roofs. With government aid, some have been able to obtain tile roofs, and the more prosperous even have houses of wood or brick. Their huts are not built in orderly rows, but are simply clustered together. The average number of occupants per hut has increased to the point that it is no longer possible to shelter all members of the household from the winter cold and monsoon rains. Some years they are forced to move into neighboring territories because the floods take away their homes. These villagers have very little contact-if any-with those living in cities.
The Dubla are a meek and stubborn people, worn out by their hard lifestyle and fondness of liquor. Some have realized that a proper education can help them escape "backward village life." However, school attendance remains low, and literacy is still only about ten percent.
Virtually all of the Dubla are Hindus. They look to the village bhagat (priest and medicine man) for spiritual guidance. He is thought to be the ultimate "good man," who is able to communicate with the gods. He is considered a friend, a philosopher, a guide, and a healer.
What Are Their Needs?
Teachers, missionaries and humanitarian aid workers are needed to work among these precious people and share the love of Christ with them.
Ask God to raise up prayer teams who will break up the soil through worship and intercession.
Pray that the Lord of the harvest will send forth faithful laborers to live and work among the Dubla.
Ask God to grant His favor to missions agencies focusing on the Dubla.
Ask God to give the Dubla believers boldness to share the Gospel with their own people.
Scripture Prayers for the Dubla unspecified in India.
Bethany World Prayer Center | <urn:uuid:efa4a580-93f7-44c0-8db8-7c36fbc4e0f8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://m.joshuaproject.net/people_groups/16748/IN | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.974945 | 932 | 3.859375 | 4 |
p-philosophy said just after Bonferroni modification following ANOVA (*** p Dining table 6 account the major 30 discriminating statement you to occur in the establish and you will absent fraction be concerned postings. We discover that terminology such as for example share with mommy, advising anyone, already been talking, and you may say some thing are present more often on listings you to definitely show Minority Be concerned. This type of keywords are about revealing and you can disclosing, and frequently to individuals that are closely connected with the new discloser, such as “mom”, “dad”, or “friends”, instance from inside the “I’m a good coward getting unable “tell my mom” so you can the lady face one I am homosexual,” This type of resonate strongly with past performs that people whom encountered parental getting rejected when revealing the LGBTQ+ term suffered higher emotional stress , for the problems doing revealing LGBTQ+ term , therefore the LGBTQ+ individuals’ have to weigh will cost you vs. gurus whenever choosing to let you know or keep hidden their identity, mainly due to stigma [16, 22]. We in addition to observe terminology you to definitely show thinking-experiences and you can existence situations, such as for instance “started effect”, “days afterwards”, don’t be, generally occur in the fresh new postings with minority fret expressions. Such as for instance, a blog post claims, ““come impact” these problems whenever i is 16 otherwise 17, and since out of my personal parents, I happened to be instance, ‘No I will not do this’ and you can shoved her or him back again.” These types of keywords connect to Meyer’s finding that covering up an individual’s LGBTQ+ identity for an extended period of time, a significant dealing technique for many, can result in enhanced fret .
Alternatively, statement per assistance and you can gratefulness, instance thanks a lot (in) advance, thank-you (for) training, and you can significantly appreciated occur in wealth for the postings that do not share fraction worry. Such listings are mostly regarding seeking to recommendations for example toward localities into the towns, otherwise matchmaking, “people tips about flirting and just befriending the lady generally speaking manage become “greatly preferred””. I plus notice of many universal words or even the category labels, for example homosexual lesbian, lgbtq people, and you will gay and lesbian amicable be repeated about posts who do not have minority fret. This could be in the fact that these individuals whom be a little more openly LGBTQ+ are getting the positive benefits of disclosure and thus are most likely becoming smaller disturb . While doing so, these types of posts try plausibly because of the individuals who need certainly to spread-out the newest feeling of neighborhood, range, and you can inclusiveness, such, “ We give thanks to the brand new LGBTQ+ neighborhood to be together with her, courtesy relatives and social networking,” and you may “What exactly is your resolution otherwise a cure for this new LGBTQ area[..]”.
Along with her, you to researching theme seen in the new postings you to share minority be concerned compared to the of those which do not, is the fact once the former is mostly “personal” and you may “self-experiences”, aforementioned is to try to raise feel, and explore smaller-private and general affairs associated with this new sex and you can intimate minorities. This type of posts is actually less likely to associate to the person’s mental state http://besthookupwebsites.org/buddygays-review/, and you will connect alternatively to your neighborhood generally.
6.step one.step three. Straightening the text off fraction stresses into minority stress concept.
I concentrate on the greatest discerning terminology of fraction worry (as the gotten via SAGE analysis) since these are probably are the fresh new linguistic indicators out of fraction stresses and you can minority worry. For every blog post within our dataset, we get the fresh new cosine resemblance from keyword embedding representations [70, 85, 94] on descriptions each and every class within our codebook- Prejudice Occurrences, Thought Stigma, and Internalized LGBTphobia. We explore 300-dimensional lexico-semantic hidden area out of term vectors (pre-coached towards the Wikipedia corpus away from 6B tokens ). We identity for every single blog post with high tendency of belonging to those individuals fraction worry categories, in which the similarity is actually above a particular threshold (0.80) (come across Fig. 4b into the shipment out of fraction worry groups as well as their overlap). Upcoming, based on volume shipping with regards to fraction fret categories for each blog post, we have those individuals tokens that shine when you look at the minority be concerned vocabulary. Fig. 4a plots so it delivery, where the radial club plots of land tell you this new probabilistic likelihood commission per keywords in all the categories. | <urn:uuid:09ef4c97-7462-44ab-a76b-a0c5347c8512> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://themacsmack.com/most-useful-forty-five-have-regarding-minority/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.933794 | 1,063 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Fatah Sixth General Conference
Five Points of Clarification on the Political Program
Bethlehem, 8 August 2009
1. Fatah clings to its existence as a national liberation movement that aims to abolish and defeat the occupation and achieve independence for the Palestinian people. The movement is part of the movement of Arab liberation and of the front of global forces desiring freedom and independence for peoples.
2. Fatah emphasizes that the essential fight (tanaqud) is with the Israeli occupation. Other fights [i.e., the division with Hamas] are secondary that will be solved by pursuing dialogue, while reserving the right to use all available means to defend national unity, Palestinian legitimacy, and the independence of Palestinian decision.
3. Fatah will remain, as it has been, loyal to the martyrs and their sacrifices and will struggle for the freedom of prisoners. It emphasizes that it sticks to the constants of the Palestinian people relating to territory and Jerusalem and their liberation, and settlements and their abolition, and the refugees and their return.
4. Despite our adherence to our choice for peace and our work to bring it about, we will not relinquish any of our options. We believe that resistance in all of its forms is a legitimate right of occupied peoples in facing their occupiers.
5. This announcement is considered an integral part of the political program that was issued by the sixth General Conference of the Fatah National Liberation Movement.
Source: International Crisis Group. “Palestine: Salvaging Fatah.” 12 November 2009. | <urn:uuid:955370b0-e1c8-48b3-8ff2-e61719287db8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.palquest.org/en/node/13616 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570868.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808152744-20220808182744-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.954798 | 316 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Resident - Model KShN-5.6 - Wide-Cut Semi-Mounted Cultivator
The cultivator is applied for main soil cultivation without overturning surface layer and can be used in all agricultural zones of Ukraine. The cultivator features central hydraulic frame, two side half-frames, supporting wheels, wheel suspension, operating tools. Side half-frames feature a hinge connection to central frame, which allows folding half-frames in transit. Wheel suspension has a hinge connection to frame and features two pneumatic tyres, during operation wheels are lifted by hydraulics.
Position of the supporting wheels allows undercutting of crops at the depth of 10-15 cm. Thirteen chisels are located on the frame and half-frames in two rows, breaking and cutting the lower soil layer. Operating tool can be disassembled and changed when becomes worn-out.
The tool that wears out the most is the disintegrator, which can be turned around allowing double usage. The right and left patches feature a weldup cutting rim, which self-sharpen and improve quality of operation and save fuel. Support arms of the chisel feature a shear bolt to prevent damage.
The row of discs, located behind chisels, break and mellow the undercut soil layer and partially smooth the crests made by chisels. Compactors additionally break, compact and smooth the upper soil layer.
At optimal humidity this unit doesn’t create large clods and preserves natural structure of soil.
To prevent erosion and silting of soil, it is necessary to control the depth of mulch deposits. The cultivator allows very fine regulation of the depth, so that stubble remains are mixed within the upper soil layer just a few cm thick. Acids, which are the result of organic mineralization, will not obstruct development of plant roots. Straw mineralization is optimal on the surface, and fine cultivation enables simultaneous germination of seeds fall and weeds.
It is recommended to use the cultivator on rough soil after tillage for cultivation and preplant treatment, as well as for preplant treatment without tillage after harvesting crops and cultivated crops to prepare sowing of intercrops and winter crops.
Major requirements for qualitative operation of the cultivator are steady cutting of cultivated crops and optimal soil humidity. | <urn:uuid:025ce43d-b911-4abc-9613-ad2fb1571563> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.agriculture-xprt.com/products/residentkshn-5-6wide-cut-semi-mounted-cultivator-421492 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00118-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920168 | 472 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Data Science Series is all about big data and the way information has become the new oil. New analytical tools and techniques are unlocking value for corporations and public organizations, uncovering hidden trends and discovering new insights in medicine, marketing and science. Powered by EMC and Greenplum.
EMC is a global leader in enabling businesses and service providers to transform their operations and deliver Information Technology as a service. Fundamental to this transformation is cloud computing. Through innovative products and services, EMC accelerates the journey to cloud computing, helping IT departments to store, manage, protect and analyze their most valuable asset — information — in a more agile, trusted and cost-efficient way.
Greenplum, a division of EMC, is driving the future of Big Data analytics with breakthrough products that harness the skills of data science teams to help global organizations realize the full promise of business agility and become data-driven, predictive enterprises. The division's products include Greenplum Unified Analytics Platform, Greenplum Data Computing Appliance, Greenplum Analytics Lab, Greenplum Database, Greenplum HD and Greenplum Chorus. They embody the power of open systems, cloud computing, virtualization and social collaboration—enabling global organizations to gain greater insight and value from their data than ever before possible.
Greenplum was acquired by EMC in July 2010, becoming the foundation of EMC's Big Data Division. With technical and business leaders from large-scale computing companies like Amazon and Yahoo!, and database companies including Oracle, Informix, Teradata, Netezza, Microsoft and Vertica, Greenplum is tapping the best minds in the business of big data to deliver the next-generation of data warehousing and analytics.
About the pictures
On this website you will find a number of great pictures. These were part of an art contest during the Data Science Series event in London on February 8th. The artists featured on the site are: Nadine Wood, Nina Hollington, Claudia Nita, Garry Hunter, Leisa Swinney, Sandra Terlevic, Dawn Jones, Elke Bock, Lorrain Loughrey, Peter Alberti and Sabina Maczak. | <urn:uuid:62bb656d-8c0f-4ef5-ac7e-2827b21e5602> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://datascienceseries.com/about/about | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00275-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.915733 | 445 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Lost Rights: The Misadventures of a Stolen American Relic
The next time you find yourself thumbing through old papers at some thrift shop or flea market, remember Charles A. Shotwell.
Back in 1866, Shotwell bought a piece of old parchment from a fellow Civil War veteran for $5 in a small Ohio town. It stayed in his family for well over a century, a mere curiosity, a relic of family history like many another such object --- until, that is, it turned out to be one of the 14 original copies of the Bill of Rights, worth several million dollars at the very least. It had been looted from the state capital building in Raleigh, North Carolina, by some unknown Union soldier in Gen. William Sherman’s marauding army during the final death throes of the defeated Confederacy.
The discovery set off a kind of civil war of its own, a lengthy struggle over legal ownership, purchase price, final resting place and iconic value that pitted antique dealers, historians, lawyers, museum officials and historical preservationists against each other. This bizarre story is explored in detail in this book by David Howard, who is, somewhat improbably given his subject, the executive editor of Bicycling Magazine.
There were indeed 14 originals of the document, penned painstakingly by a team of three clerks at the close of the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1789. There was one to be sent to each of the 13 original states and one for the new federal government’s own records. Over the years, five of them had gone missing due to fire, carelessness, or simple bureaucratic neglect.
The story starts with an insoluble mystery. No one knows exactly who filched the document from the Raleigh archives. Charles Shotwell never named the person to whom he paid that $5. We know only that the thief was a member of an Ohio regiment. He and his buddies were running rampant through the abandoned capital building, grabbing whatever souvenirs they wanted.
Howard traces the document’s history doggedly. For many years it hung unnoticed on the wall of an Indianapolis businessman. It spent a night or two stashed under the bed of a high-end antique dealer. It was studied, and eventually authenticated, by some of the heaviest hitters in the historic preservation business. Estimates of its worth ran as high as $30 million. The discovery also raised daunting ethical questions. Who really owns history? How much is it worth? Should such a document ever be sold for private profit? Was the document actually stolen in the first place?
When word of the find reached North Carolina, the state obviously wanted its copy back. A newly established constitutional museum in Philadelphia wanted to put it on display. The Shotwell heirs put in a claim. Antique dealers prowled about the edges of the battlefield like vultures looking for prey. The cast of characters is large and colorful.
Howard tells the complicated story in breezy prose. We get a rather chastening picture of the antique document business itself, replete with chicanery, outright lying and purposeful deception by dealers who are not exactly pillars of professional virtue. His narrative is weakened, however, by a tendency to explore all sorts of side issues and peripheral topics that slow down the book’s pace. Some of these are somewhat interesting, but they give the book an episodic feeling. Howard also jumps erratically back and forth in time instead of telling a chronologically straight-line story.
One example: The story ends in 2003 on the 32nd floor of a Philadelphia office tower just yards from where those three clerks penned the original document. The FBI had been contacted, and there was a question of a federal crime --- transporting stolen property across state lines. An elaborate sting operation was concocted. Unsuspecting potential sellers were lured to a bogus sale closing. But then, just as the FBI agents burst through the door, Howard irritatingly pauses for yet another civics-textbook sermon on the historic value of the Bill of Rights. Bad move.
North Carolina got its document back in 2005 --- 140 years after it went missing. Charles Shotwell and his unknown Ohio buddy may not be thrilled as they rest in peace. But justice was finally done.
Reviewed by Robert Finn (Robertfinn@aol.com) on January 6, 2011 | <urn:uuid:7fec2963-64e3-42e9-8226-772fea373f11> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bookreporter.com/reviews/lost-rights-the-misadventures-of-a-stolen-american-relic | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00332-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965511 | 885 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Such Is My Dance
The Life of Antony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers
by Dorothy Davies
Antony Woodville, medieval star of the much maligned Woodville family, lived a life of unadulterated luxury. His parents were highly regarded at court, his sister married the young king Edward IV, he had huge estates and a rich wife, all that anyone could wish to have in the 15thc. Behind the riches and flamboyant lifestyle was an intellectual mind. He travelled widely, read books when he could get them and translated the very first book published in England by his friend. This life came to an abrupt end when he crossed swords with the Lord Protector, later crowned Richard III. This is Antony's own story, his words, his feelings, his observations on a turbulent time in English history.
Keywords - click on word to search for more titles
Antony Woodville Earl Rivers Edward IV Richard III British History
I live and work on the beautiful Isle of Wight where the scenery is stunning and the people are friendly, mostly ...
I am a writer, editor and medium. Much of my work is spirit dictated although I have been known to write my own stories from time to time...
I publish a quarterly magazine for spiritualists and spend a good deal of time chatting on paranormal sites ... when I am not writing. | <urn:uuid:362b6ba0-e30c-4e33-b42f-2d81d5efbe4a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://fiction4all.com/ebooks/b13833-such-is-my-dance.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572870.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817062258-20220817092258-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.969135 | 292 | 1.5 | 2 |
|Home > Documentation > Sample applications > EJB sample application|
Enterprise Java Beans has been one of the corner stones of the J2EE specification. As a J2EE 1.5 certified application server, Apache Geronimo supports EJB's extensively with the help of OpenEJB EJB Container. Although it is possible to use standard Java objects to contain your business logic and business data, using EJBs addresses many of the issues of using simple Java objects, such as scalability, lifecycle management and state management. In this article, you will see how an initial database application is extended and used for both local and remotely referred application clients for an Enterprise Java Beans back end. The application uses the built-in Apache Derby as its database. Use this article to learn how to simplify your enterprise application development process.
Banking application has two types of application clients namely "Banking Remote Application" and "Banking Web Application". Each of these clients demonstrate how to refer Enterprise Java Beans in remote and local interfaces respectively. Both these clients are referring a common business layer which has been implemented with the help of Session and Entity Beans. Stateless Session Beans are acting as the business service interface between business entities and application clients. All the business entities of the application layer are implemented with Entity Beans.
After reading this article you should be able get the best out of EJB features of Geronimo, such as defining Enterprise Java Beans, managing relations between them and refer EJB's via differents kind of clients.
This article is organized in to following sections.
EJB implementation may vary from one vendor to another.The following are the main list of features Apache Geronimo supports as a J2EE container.
As mentioned above the Banking application supports two types of business application clients.The overview of each client is given below.
Both of these clients use a common business service layer. Behind that business service layer, there are three common business entities that appear in the banking application domain Account, Customer and ExchangeRate. Each Customer can have more than one Account while an Account can only be owned by one Customer. ExchangeRate represents a rate value given by the bank relative to the USD for a particular currency.
The Banking application consists of the following list of packages and classes.
Finally, the banking application will be deployed as an EAR to the application server. The overview of the structural content of the EAR file is given in the following example.
First, we will look at how the business service layer of the application has been implemented with the help of EJBs.
Corresponding openejb-jar.xml defines Geronimo specific features of EJBs. Since we will deploy the database pool along with the application, there is no need to provide a dependency to an existing database pool.
persistence.xml defines a persistence unit which is used by an EntityManagerFactory in order to talk to BankDB through the BankPool configuration. The name that is given to this <persistent-unit> will be used when trying to reference it via an annotation in the EJB. By setting the SynchronizeMappings property it will not overwrite what is already in the database. So this is important to have when you do not want your data to be deleted. The jta-data-source and non-jta-data-source should point to the same thing.
web.xml does not do anything special here. It just enumerates the servlets present in the web-app and maps the url-pattern for each of them.
geronimo-web.xml is the Geronimo specific deployment plan. As usual, it specifies the module's information and context-root. So in order to visit the web-app the root url will be http://localhost:8080/Bank.
BankPool.xml provides the connection information for a database on Geronimo. In this case we are using Geronimo's built-in Derby database. The dependency for it should actually be org.apache.geronimo.configs/system-database//car. It has caused me problems when trying to use anything different. The following database pool plan is generated from the console. The only change I made to it was the dependency to make it point to the system-database where the derby engine is running. This db pool will be deployed with the EAR application.
geronimo-application.xml tells the application that there is a database pool that needs to be deployed as well. The db pool is defined in BankPool.xml and the driver that is needs in order to be deployed is the tranql-connector-ra-1.3.rar file--these two files will reside on the top level layer of the resultant EAR file.
The sample database that is being used to demonstrate this application is inbuilt Derby database. The name of the sample database is BankDB and it consists of three tables, CUSTOMER ,ACCOUNT and EXCHANGE_RATE. The fields for each of these tables are described below.
customerId (PRIMARY KEY)
accountNumber (PRIMARY KEY)
rateId (PRIMARY KEY)
The CUSTOMER table stores the data related to the customers. It stores only the identification number and and the name. ACCOUNT table has a unique account number for identification. Account type and balance are the other information stored. Account.customerId is a foriegn key to the Customer table which is the owner of the Account. EXCHANGERATE table has a primary key of rateId for an identification. Each record of EXCHANGERATE has currency name and rate paid by the bank.
The tools used for developing and building the Banking applications are:
Apache Derby, an Apache DB subproject, is a relational database implemented in Java. Its footprint is so small you can easily embed it in any Java-based solution. In addition to its embedded framework, Derby supports a more familiar client/server framework with the Derby Network Server.
Maven is a popular open source build tool for enterprise Java projects, designed to take much of the hard work out of the build process. Maven uses a declarative approach, where the project structure and contents are described, rather than the task-based approach used in Ant or in traditional make files, for example. This helps enforce company-wide development standards and reduces the time needed to write and maintain build scripts. The declarative, lifecycle-based approach used by Maven 1 is, for many, a radical departure from more traditional build techniques, and Maven 2 goes even further in this regard. Maven 2 can be download from the following URL:
Download the bank application from the following link:
After decompressing the given file, the bank directory will be created.
You can checkout the source code of this sample from SVN:
Configuration of the application consists of creating the database and defining the connection pool to access it.
After starting Apache Geronimo log into the console and follow the given steps to create the BankDB.
Use a command prompt to navigate into the bank directory and just give mvn install site command to build. It will create the bank-ear-2.0-SNAPSHOT.ear under the bank folder. Now, you are ready to deploy bank application in the Geronimo Application server.
Deploying sample application is pretty straight forward as we are going to use the Geronimo Console.
To test the sample web application open a browser and type http://localhost:8080/Bank. It will forward you to the index page of banking application which has direct links to the view customer and exchange rate information. To view the list of account information of each customer, provide a relavant customer id in the DB. Exchange rate page will display list of all currencies in the exchange rate table. (Note that 'Bank' is case-sensitive)
This article has shown you how to use the EJB features of the Apache Geronimo. It has provided step-by-step instructions to build an application, deploy and run it to elaborate those features.
Following are some of the highlights of the article. | <urn:uuid:cde5ab9a-0330-4569-a981-479fc64b9a20> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://geronimo.apache.org/GMOxDOC20/ejb-sample-application.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00322-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.908058 | 1,691 | 1.929688 | 2 |
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Dijous 24.01.2013 00:11
Autor/s: Traducció: Xavier Macià
Traducció en anglès
The people of Catalonia, during the course of their history, have democratically demonstrated their collective desire to govern themselves, with the objective to advance their development, their well being, and provide equal opportunity to all citizens, while reinforcing their culture and collective identity.
Self-government for Catalonia is founded on the historic rights of the Catalan people, in their ancient institutions, and in Catalan legal tradition. Catalan parliamentarism has its roots in the Middle Ages in the assemblies of Peace and Truce and the Count’s Court.
In the 14th century the Diputació General, or as it was commonly known the Generalitat, was created, and went on acquiring great levels of autonomy until it became, in the 16th and 17th centuries, the government of the Principality of Catalonia. With the fall of Barcelona in 1714, during the War of Spanish Succession, Philip V with the Decree of the Nova Planta abolished Catalan rights and the institutions of self-government.
This historic experience has been shared with several other territories, a fact that has linked them a common linguistic, cultural, social and economic background, with the intent to reinforce and promote their mutual recognition.
Throughout the 20th century the desire for self-government has been a constant for Catalans. The establishment of the Catalan Mancomunitat in 1914 was a first step in the recovery of self-government, but was abolished under the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera. In 1931, with the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic, a Catalan government was established with the name the Generalitat of Catalonia and endowed with a Statute of Autonomy.
The Generalitat was again abolished in 1939 by General Franco, who established a dictatorship that lasted until 1975. The dictatorship was actively resisted by the Catalan public and the Government of Catalonia. One of the milestones in the fight for liberty was the establishment in 1971 of the Assembly of Catalonia, before the reestablishment of the Generalitat, a provisional basis, until the return of its president from exile in 1977. During the transition to democracy, and within the context of the new system of autonomous regions as defined by the 1978 Spanish Constitution, Catalans approved through a 1979 referendum the Catalan Statute of Autonomy, and in 1980 the first elections for the Parliament of Catalonia were held.
During the last few years, with the strengthening of democracy, a majority of Catalan political and social forces have pushed for a transformation of judicial and political structures. The most recent effort, was the process to reform the Catalan Statute of Autonomy initiated by Parliament In 2005. The difficulties and obstacles raised by the institutions of the Spanish State, specially the Supreme Court’s sentence 31/2010, was a radical negation of the democratic evolution of the collective will of the Catalan public, and created the basis for a regression in self-government, which today clearly expresses itself in various aspects including political, jurisdictional, financial, social, cultural and linguistic.
The Catalan public has, using various means, expressed its collective will to overcome the obstacles placed by the Spanish State. The massive demonstrations on the 10th of July, 2010, under the slogan 'We Are a Nation', and on 11th of September, 2012, under the slogan 'Catalonia, a New European State', are expressions against the rejections of the Catalan public’s decisions.
With the date 27th of September, 2012, and in accordance with Resolution 742/IX, the Parliament of Catalonia establishes the need for the people of Catalonia to freely and democratically determine their collective future by means of a referendum. This will was was clearly and decisively expressed by the results of the last elections for the Parliament of Catalonia held on the 25th November, 2012.
To carry out this process, the Parliament of Catalonia, sitting in the first session of the Xth Legislature, and in accordance with the will of the citizens of Catalonia that was democratically expressed during the last elections, sets down the following:
Declaration of sovereignty and of the right to decide of the Catalan nation
In accordance with the democratically expressed will of the majority of the Catalan public, the Parliament of Catalonia initiates a process to bring to promote the right of the citizens of Catalonia to collectively decide their political future, in accordance with the following principles:
-Sovereignty. The Catalan public has, by reason of democratic legitimacy, political and legal sovereignty.
-Democratic Legitimacy. The process of exercising the right to decide will be scrupulously democratic, especially by guaranteeing a variety of options and which will all be respected, and, through deliberation and dialog within Catalan society. The objective will be that the resulting pronouncement be the expression of the majority of the popular will, which will be the fundamental guarantor of the right to decide.
-Transparency. All the necessary tools will be enabled so that the whole of the population and all of Catalan society have all of the information and knowledge regarding the right to decide process, and to promote their participation in the process.
-Dialogue. Catalonia will engage in dialogue and negotiations with the Spanish State, European institutions and with international organizations.
-Social Cohesion. The social and territorial cohesion of Catalonia will be guaranteed, and so will the desire, as expressed on numerous occasions by Catalan society, to maintain a unified nation.
-Europeanism. The founding principles of the European Union will be defended and promoted, especially the fundamental rights of its citizens, democracy, the commitment to the welfare state, solidarity with the different nations of Europe, and to economic, social and cultural progress.
-Legality. All existing legal frameworks will be utilised to strengthen democracy and to exercise the right to decide.
-The principal role of Parliament. The Parliament of Catalonia, as the institution that represents the people of Catalonia, has a leading role in this process and, therefore, it will be necessary to decide and specify the mechanisms and the dynamics of the process which will guarantee this principle.
-Participation. The Parliament of Catalonia and the Government of the Generalitat must be active participants at the local level, in the maximum number of political forces, in economic and social elements, in the cultural and civic organisations of our country, and to specify the mechanisms that will guaranty this principle.
The Parliament of Catalonia encourages all citizens to take an active role in the democratic process for the right to decide of the Catalan people.
House of Parliament, 23 January, 2013 | <urn:uuid:8ce1c64a-e39f-4830-9ca8-13e4a07acd48> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.vilaweb.cat/noticia/4076896/20130124/declaration-of-sovereignty-and-of-the-right-to-decide-of-the-catalan-nation.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285289.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00154-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938028 | 1,348 | 3 | 3 |
Which leads me to one of the ironies I've always found at the heart of Horsley's scholarship. On the one hand, he has made it a regular feature of his research to examine and question established assumptions driving NT scholarship (especially the divide between religion, politics, and economics; the assumption of stable, printed, widely available written texts, etc.). On the other, his own assumptions have created a number of problems, whether because he continues to be influenced by the assumptions he has already undermined (e.g., his interest in Q despite that hypothetical document's dependence on literary theories Horsely elsewhere denounces) or because he applies similar logic as those assumptions to new ones (e.g., his bifurcation of "people's history" from "standard history" despite evidence that both approaches, in isolation from the other, distort our analyses).
With this ambivalence in mind, I point out two references, relatively near to each other, from Horsley's most recent publication:
Anthropologists and social historians, drawing on comparative studies of agrarian societies, have moved well beyond the problematic old two-tier model of aristocratic culture and folk culture. In most situations there is an interaction between a "little tradition," the "distinctive patterns of belief and behavior . . . valued by the peasantry," and the corresponding "great tradition" of the elite. (2008: 28)
There was thus no standardized Scripture that operated as the authority even in the scribal circles and the priestly circles who controlled the Temple. It is highly unlikely therefore that the Hebrew Scriptures were known to Judean and Galilean peasants. Scrolls, which were extremely expensive and cumbersome, were more or less confined to scribal circles. (2008: 29)
Let me say that, in broad strokes, I agree with the main thrusts of both comments. But (and here's the point), Horsley is too restrictive in his view of written texts as weapons wielded by elite power interests to oppress the lower class(es). Written texts—both their contents and the symbolic currency of their material existence—also participated in the "interaction between a 'little tradition' . . . and the corresponding 'great tradition' of the elite." After all, even the gospel texts themselves, which Horsely rightly identifies as rooted in and expressive of a form of little tradition in opposition to Judean great tradition, are written texts. They are also "more than" written texts, inasmuch as they embody a larger, contextualizing tradition that transcends the written texts. But they were never less than written texts.
Here, I think, Horsley has allowed his thinking to be governed by hierarchical structural dynamics, even though he has shown himself to be such a prolific expositeur of other well-established but ultimately inappropriate hierarchies. Horsley is clearly not uncritical. His work is, rather, a useful location for realizing that the social environment into which we learn to read the biblical text exerts massive influence, and the work of distancing ourselves from our heritage in order to understand that heritage is never complete. | <urn:uuid:53ee4e73-df55-4e99-a5d9-86662bcb4ee5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://thinkinginpublic.blogspot.com/2009/08/horsleys-hierarchies.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00284-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970987 | 637 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Careers & Graduate School
Careers & Graduate School
I often tell both prospective and current students that the psychology major is both a blessing and a curse. The blessing is that the psychology curriculum prepares students to be successful in many different careers. The curse is exactly the same. There are many opportunities available for psychology graduates, but it can be difficult to choose a particular direction.Kreiner, 2009
Most careers in psychology require that students pursue advanced studies beyond the college level. According to the American Psychological Association, the best current job opportunities are in clinical, counseling, school, health, industrial/organizational, and educational psychology. Students are often interested in working with children or adolescents, but opportunities working with the elderly should be considered. The over-65 age group is the fastest-growing segment of the U.S. population, according to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Check out the latest entry regarding psychology in the U.S. Occupational Outlook Handbook. You should also visit the KU Career Development Center where they have posted lots of information about mock interviews, job fairs, and job search tools, as well as a convenient What Can I Do With A Degree In Psychology? handout. You can also visit All Psychology Careers, APA's Education Directorate, APS's page for undergraduates, Careers in Psychology, and Psychology Career Zone. Finally, you can learn about what it takes to become a licensed professional counselor.
Many Kutztown undergraduates choose to go on to graduate study at Kutztown University in mental health counseling, marital and family therapy, elementary or secondary school counseling, student affairs, education, or social work. Visit Graduate Admissions for program information. These are all master's degree programs; all of them are housed in their own KU departments, not in the KU Psychology Department.
Career and Graduate School Books
The Psychology Department Office in OM 384 and the Reading Room in OM 383B contain a variety of reference materials related to careers in psychology and graduate school such as:
You should visit the Graduate Record Exam Web Site to learn how to take the test and how to prepare for it and/or download free GRE POWERPREP materials from Educational Testing Service. Graduate schools place considerable emphasis on GRE scores as entrance requirements. Like the SAT, the GRE General Test has sections to assess Math, Verbal, and Writing ability. Only a minority of master's programs require applicants to take the GRE subject test in Psychology. That means students should focus on improving their math and verbal skills during their undergraduate education; in fact, to insure better preparation for the GRE psychology majors are required to take MAT 105 College Algebra. | <urn:uuid:d3c0a7a1-bbc7-4c64-a840-9f038cfaee7c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kutztown.edu/academics/colleges-and-departments/liberal-arts-and-sciences/departments/psychology/careers-and-graduate-school.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.942761 | 547 | 2.140625 | 2 |
By David Kirby
The federal Vaccine Injury Compensation Program, better known as "vaccine court," has just awarded millions of dollars to two children with autism for "pain and suffering" and lifelong care of their injuries, which together could cost tens of millions of dollars.
The government did not admit that vaccines caused autism, at least in one of the children. Both cases were "unpublished," meaning information is limited, and access to medical records and other exhibits is blocked. Much of the information presented here comes from documents found at the vaccine court website.
Some observers will say the vaccine-induced encephalopathy (brain disease) documented in both children is unrelated to their autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Others will say there is plenty of evidence to suggest otherwise.
Read David's full post and comment at Vaccine Court Awards Millions to Two Children With Autism | <urn:uuid:601256bb-9eaa-4af5-aff2-91dd5b9c1f8c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ageofautism.com/2013/01/breaking-news-us-vaccine-court-awards-millions-for-2-autism-diagnosis-cases.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00351-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971087 | 174 | 2.4375 | 2 |
What Are the Major Benefits of Using Air Purifiers?
Homeowners purchase air purifiers to remove harsh substances from the air and make the home safer. Environmental risks can enter the home and cause the air to become contaminated. An air purifier can remove these risks from the air and improve lung function for the property owner and give them a healthier environment. By reviewing the benefits of using air purifiers, the property owner sees why more homeowners are using these products in their homes.
Preventing the Effects of Chemicals Outside
Chemicals and harsh smells from outside always get into the home no matter what the property owner does. The worst is the smell of burning trash in country areas, and it doesn’t matter what precautions the homeowner takes the unpleasant odor will take a few hours to dissipate. With an air purifier, the property owner won’t be affected by these odors, and the product will pull the smell out of the air quickly. Property owners who need a MERV 14 filter contact a supplier right now.
Neutralizing Pet Odors
Pet odors can make it difficult for pet owners to enjoy living with their fur babies. In between grooming, the pets can develop unpleasant odors, especially dogs who must go outside to potty. They can get into dirt, mud, and other particles outside that cause terrible smells that become trapped in their fur. While increasing the frequency of grooming services helps, the pet owner will have to deal with the smells left behind in their home.
They can use air fresheners and fabric refreshers to mitigate some of the odors. However, an air purifier can pull the odors from the air in record time and make the home more pleasant in between grooming services.
Stopping Airborne Illnesses Immediately
Airborne illnesses present a serious risk to everyone, and an air purifier could be the answer to this problem. Each winter, parents are exposed to illnesses that spread through public schools like wildfire. Their kids go to school, get exposed to the illnesses, and bring the bacteria home. An air purifier could prevent additional illnesses in the home by capturing the bacteria that causes the illnesses as soon as it is present in the air.
Studies show that homes with air purifiers are healthier, and the property owners and their families avoid common illnesses effectively. Instead of relying solely on-air upon filters to remove the bacteria from the air in HVAC systems, the property owner gets a new line of defense and improves their air quality.
Preventing Hazards Related to Asbestos
Older properties may still have some signs of asbestos even after abatement services. If asbestos dust gets into the air, it increases the property owner’s risk of mesothelioma. Even with the most careful abatement some homes still have small amounts of dust in the property, and the particles must be filtered out of the air.
An air purifier can pull the particles out of the air and decrease these health risks for the property owner and their family. In fact, some commercial property owners have started using the purifiers to capture any small traces of asbestos to improve the health and safety of their workers. It is an effective way to combat health risks linked to asbestos dust.
Achieving Cleaner and Fresher Air
By using an air purifier, the property becomes cleaner and fresher. It doesn’t matter how well the property owner cleans their home. There is always a risk that fine particles could get in through windows and doors. These particles could present health risks and make the air dirty.
An air purifier can capture all the particles as they enter the property and decrease the risk to the property owner and their kids. It is a great way to keep the property cleaner without having to dust each day to manage particles. The products are a great choice for business property owners that do not have the time to deep clean their home every day.
Improving the Way HVAC Systems Operate
HVAC systems use air filters to capture dust, dirt, and other debris, but they can become clogged quickly if the property owner doesn’t change out the air filters frequently. However, if the property owner uses an air purifier, they cut down on the frequency at which they must change out the air filter.
The property owner can run the air purifier at all times to capture the dirt, debris, and harmful particles in the air. This can improve the way the HVAC systems operate and cut down on potential clogs.
Creating a Healthier Environment for Asthma Patients
Asthma patients get exceptional benefits from an air purifier. Common triggers in the home cause asthma attacks and the air purifiers pull these particles out of the air. Dust, pollen, pet dander, and pollutants increase the frequency of asthma attacks that threaten the property owner’s health.
For each patient, they could face different triggers in the air, however, the air purifiers will remove the substances from the air and improve the air quality. The asthma sufferer won’t experience the inflammation in their bronchial tubes that cause an asthma attack. By using the right number of air purifiers in the home, they can control their symptoms and decrease the frequency of asthma attacks.
Better Management of Seasonal Allergies
Seasonal allergies are a major obstacle for property owners, and they are exposed to allergens each day. In the spring, it is the pollen that causes the most symptoms. In the fall, ragweed increases symptoms. The problem is that the substances can enter the property undetected. An air purifier presents allergy symptoms by removing the allergens from the air completely.
Homeowners want to find a better way to keep their homes safer and create a healthier environment. A great way to eliminate harmful substances in the air is to use an air purifier. The products pull harmful substances from the air and make the property cleaner and improve the air quality. The purifiers can improve the way HVAC systems operate and give the property owner more use-value from their investments. | <urn:uuid:f24e80c7-5c67-435d-9952-dd414ba4d992> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.webtechmantra.com/major-benefits-of-using-air-purifiers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.942189 | 1,247 | 2.109375 | 2 |
- Posted in Teaching Tools
Scoot & Doodle announced today the launch of its Ambassador Program, designed to gather key insights from educators, helping mold products that are relevant and valuable for today’s learning environments. Scoot & Doodle’s real-time social creativity platform enables students and classmates to get creative together face-to-face, practicing critical 21st century learning and innovation skills.
“Educators are a tremendously valuable resource. They care about helping students become passionate learners. We want to gain insights directly from them so that we can create tools and solutions that actually solve problems and help kick start young entrepreneurial minds,” said Christine Egy Rose, CEO of Scoot & Doodle. “Our ambassadors understand the power of collaborative creativity. We are thrilled to have Kyle Pace, Google Certified Teacher, Alison Anderson, veteran teacher and managing editor of Getting Smart, and Rachel Meyers, Executive Director of CuriOdyssey and 2013 NSTA Award Winner as early participants in the program.”
The Scoot & Doodle Ambassador Program will work with educators to develop content and programs that not only engage students but also provide a foundation for continued learning focusing on topics that utilize the 4C’s — critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity. Scoot & Doodle Ambassadors will pilot new content, have early access to new features and collaborate with other top educators.
“Scoot & Doodle has a clear commitment to making learning a creative and collaborative experience for students,” said Kyle Pace, Instructional Technology Specialist, in Missouri. “If you want to have a voice in helping make Scoot & Doodle better you really need to be part of their new Ambassador Program. If your school or district isn’t utilizing Google+ Hangouts already I’d highly recommend checking out Scoot & Doodle.”
Scoot & Doodle on Google+ Hangouts provides a teaching tool designed for students from middle school through college to discuss, collaborate and build on ideas together on a shared canvas. The company introduces a fun way to have virtual creative jam sessions and provides endless opportunities for informal and formal learning.
To learn more about Scoot & Doodle’s Ambassador Program go to http://scootdoodle.wufoo.com/forms/become-an-ambassador/
Source: Press Release | <urn:uuid:31c08697-55f4-47f2-8261-c04e3faa9dd1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.avatargeneration.com/2013/07/scoot-doodle-launches-ambassador-program-with-educators/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00152-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917599 | 480 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Latest update: March 27th, 2014
In addition, spiritual differences can be highlighted, as some parents can strengthen their religious faith in the face of such a challenge, while others will find themselves questioning their beliefs and/or angry about their situation.
Finally, stereotypical male/female differences can also come into play. Many fathers we know have acknowledged difficulty in expressing their feelings, preferring instead to problem-solve and “fix things.” They are left feeling helpless when they realize their current problems cannot be “fixed.” Many mothers have expressed their wish that their husbands would simply be there for them and listen to their struggles without feeling blamed or pressured to solve them.
Successfully communicating couples need not necessarily have the exact same style of coping. Yet they should be aware of their differences in approach, accept one another’s coping style, and periodically communicate about these issues. All feelings should be validated as legitimate, even if they differ from one’s own. The parent who has a harder time acknowledging his feelings should not be made to feel that his style is less healthy, and should be given the time and space to process feelings at his own pace. The parent who may need more open communication, processing and emotional support, should actively pursue other outlets in order to meet that need – such as counseling, peer mentoring and support groups.
Programs that address some of these differences head-on can be very beneficial for families. Mothers and Fathers groups can illuminate some of these differences and provide support in navigating them. The less communicative parent can be taught to validate feelings and agree to set aside a small amount of time to just listen, if not talk him/herself. Parents who are successful in working through these coping differences report “checking in” with one another periodically about how they are doing. “Are we OK? If we are not OK, what can we do differently?” This gives them a sense of working through things as a team, even if they are not always on the same page on every issue.
* Decisions regarding family size: This is certainly not limited to families who have children with disabilities, as all couples need to be on the same page regarding these issues. Families who have children with disabilities have additional issues to consider in growing their families: caregiving responsibilities of the parents; burnout level of the primary caregiver; anxiety of one or both parents regarding the health status of future children; the risk of any genetic issues, if they exist, to future children; concern for unduly burdening the typically developing children in the family; and more. If parents are not united in their wishes regarding family size, it can create enormous resentment and feelings of alienation in one or both of them. Enhanced communication can help each understand the concerns and feelings of the other and come to mutually agreed upon decisions [in consultation with their Rabbi, as deemed appropriate].
* Excessive Parental Involvement: A new phenomenon that in the current generation of families is the excessive involvement of grandparents. Adult parents of children with disabilities are typically in need of as much assistance as possible, and many grandparents provide it in the form of financial assistance, babysitting and help navigating the service system. The downside to such assistance is that at times the grandparents may overstep boundaries and inadvertently intrude upon the parents’ authority, space or cohesion as a couple. Successful couples accept help from their parents, while at the same time presenting a united front and maintaining parental authority and appropriate boundaries in the relationship.
Other protective factors that help strengthen couples:
* Tap into the humor. One couple jokingly says that they had better stay together because “no one else in the world would take us with this package!” Another couple, who find themselves depleted after a full day of caregiving their child with high behavioral needs, have a “secret signal” to let each other know if they need help, because “we are so wiped, we can’t even look at each other, let alone communicate, after a day like that!”
* Show appreciation. Expressing gratitude, even for the things that one’s spouse should be doing, goes a long way to reinforcing the connection between both partners.Tzivy Ross Reiter
About the Author: Tzivy Ross Reiter, LCSW-R, is a Director at Ohel Bais Ezra and an advisor to Building Blocks Magazine. She has written extensively about issues related to developmental disabilities and mental health. She is also the author of “Briefcases & Baby Bottles: The Working Mother’s Guide to Nurturing a Jewish Home; Feldheim, 2012.”
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DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Initiate the dosing regimen for each patient individually, taking into account the patient's prior analgesic treatment experience. Monitor patients closely for respiratory depression, especially within the first 24–72 hours of initiating therapy with AVINZA [see Warnings and Precautions].
Consider the following factors when selecting an initial dose of AVINZA:
Total daily dose, potency, and any prior opioid the patient has been taking previously;
Reliability of the relative potency estimate used to calculate the equivalent dose of morphine needed (Note: potency estimates may vary with the route of administration);
Patient's degree of opioid experience and opioid tolerance;
General condition and medical status of the patient;
Type and severity of the patient's pain.
AVINZA is administered at a frequency of once daily (every 24 hours).
Use of AVINZA as the First Opioid Analgesic
Initiate AVINZA therapy with the 30 mg capsule once daily (at 24-hour intervals). Adjust the dose of AVINZA in increments not greater than 30 mg every 4 days.
Conversion from Other Oral Morphine Formulations to AVINZA
Patients receiving other oral morphine formulations may be converted to AVINZA by administering the patient's total daily oral morphine dose as AVINZA once-daily. AVINZA should not be given more frequently than every 24 hours.
Conversion from Parenteral Morphine or Other Non-Morphine Opioids (Parenteral or Oral) to AVINZA
While there are useful tables of oral and parenteral equivalents, there is substantial inter-patient variability in the relative potency of different opioid drugs and formulations. As such, it is safer to underestimate a patient's 24-hour oral morphine dose and provide rescue medication (e.g., immediate-release morphine) than to overestimate the 24-hour oral morphine dose and manage an adverse reaction. Consider the following general points:
Parenteral to oral morphine ratio: Between 2 to 6 mg of oral morphine may be required to provide analgesia equivalent to 1 mg of parenteral morphine. Typically, a dose of morphine that is approximately three times the previous daily parenteral morphine requirement is sufficient.
Other parenteral or oral non-morphine opioids to oral morphine sulfate: Specific recommendations are not available because of a lack of systematic evidence for these types of analgesic substitutions. Published relative potency data are available, but such ratios are approximations. In general, begin with half of the estimated daily morphine requirement as the initial dose, managing inadequate analgesia by supplementation with immediate-release morphine.
The first dose of AVINZA may be taken with the last dose of any immediate-release opioid medication due to the extended-release characteristics of the AVINZA formulation.
Titration and Maintenance of Therapy
Individually titrate AVINZA to a dose that provides adequate analgesia and minimizes adverse reactions. Continually reevaluate patients receiving AVINZA to assess the maintenance of pain control and the relative incidence of adverse reactions. During chronic therapy, especially for non-cancer-related pain (or pain associated with other terminal illnesses), periodically reassess the continued need for the use of opioid analgesics.
If the level of pain increases, attempt to identify the source of increased pain, while adjusting the AVINZA dose to decrease the level of pain. Because steady-state plasma concentrations are approximated within 2 to 3 days, AVINZA dosage adjustments may be done every 3 to 4 days. Patients who experience breakthrough pain may require dosage adjustment or rescue medication with a small dose of an immediate-release medication.
The daily dose of AVINZA must be limited to a maximum of 1600 mg/day. AVINZA doses of over 1600 mg/day contain a quantity of fumaric acid that has not been demonstrated to be safe, and which may result in serious renal toxicity.
If signs of excessive opioid-related adverse reactions are observed, the next dose may be reduced. Adjust the dose to obtain an appropriate balance between management of pain and opioid-related adverse reactions.
Discontinuation of AVINZA
When a patient no longer requires therapy with AVINZA, use a gradual downward titration of the dose every 2 to 4 days, to prevent signs and symptoms of withdrawal in the physically-dependent patient. Do not abruptly discontinue AVINZA.
Administration of AVINZA
Instruct patients to swallow AVINZA capsules intact. The pellets in the capsules are not to be crushed, dissolved, or chewed due to the risk of rapid release and absorption of a potentially fatal dose of morphine [see Warnings and Precautions].
Alternatively, the contents of the AVINZA capsules (pellets) may be sprinkled over applesauce and then swallowed. This method is appropriate only for patients able to reliably swallow the applesauce without chewing. Other foods have not been tested and should not be substituted for applesauce. Instruct the patient to:
Sprinkle the pellets onto a small amount of applesauce and consume immediately without chewing.
Rinse the mouth to ensure all pellets have been swallowed.
Discard any unused portion of the AVINZA capsules after the contents have been sprinkled on applesauce.
Do not administer AVINZA pellets through a nasogastric or gastric tubes.
DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS
AVINZA contains white to off-white color pellets, have an outer opaque capsule with colors as identified below and are available in six dose strengths:
Each 30 mg capsule has a yellow opaque cap with "AVINZA" printed on it and a white opaque body printed with "30" and "505".
Each 45 mg capsule has a light blue opaque cap with "AVINZA" printed on it and a white opaque body printed with "45" and "509".
Each 60 mg capsule has a bluish-green opaque cap with "AVINZA" printed on it and a while opaque body printed with "60" and "506".
Each 75 mg capsule has an orange opaque cap with "AVINZA" printed on it and a while opaque body printed with "75" and "510".
Each 90 mg capsule has a red opaque cap with "AVINZA" printed on it and a white opaque body printed with "90" and "507".
Each 120 mg capsule has a blue-violet opaque cap with "AVINZA" printed on it and a white opaque body printed with "120" and "508". | <urn:uuid:7881c340-31d7-4907-8bbc-ce745de9298e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.druglib.com/druginfo/avinza/indications_dosage/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00136-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.881236 | 1,359 | 1.710938 | 2 |
ATHENS, Ohio — For hundreds of grown men and women here, work can mean sticking fingers into models of the human mouth, or trying to talk while peering at their tongues in mirrors or while hopping up and down stairs.
They are foreign graduate students at Ohio University who are spending up to two hours a day learning how to speak so that their American colleagues and students will understand them. Many of them spend more than a year in the program, and they are not allowed to teach until their English instructors say they are ready.
It is a complaint familiar to millions of alumni of research universities: the master’s or doctoral candidate from overseas, employed as a teaching assistant, whose accent is too thick for undergraduate students to penetrate. And it is an issue that many universities are addressing more seriously, using a better set of tools, than in years past.
“These are often students whose reading and writing in English is excellent, but whom Americans have a very hard time comprehending, and it calls for a lot of work,” said Dawn Bikowski, the director of the English Language Improvement Program here.
At American universities, one in every six graduate students hails from another country — about 300,000 of them, almost half from China and India, according to the Institute of International Education. In science and technology fields, foreigners make up nearly half of the graduate students.Continue reading the main story
Those from China and other East Asian countries are often like Xingbo Liu, a graduate student in nutrition here, who said she had taken English classes nearly all her life. “But we only learn how to write and read,” she said, “how to choose the right answer on a written test.” Many Indian or African students have done most of their formal education in English and are comfortable speaking it, but with accents that challenge American ears.
“This is something that nationwide, people are paying a lot more attention to,” said James Tierney, the director of the English Language Program at Yale University. Universities worry not only about the foreigners’ ability to function as students and teachers, but also about “competing on an equal footing in the job market when they graduate.”
Graduate students require particular attention because their exposure to American education and culture can be much narrower, said Julia Moore, the director of the English Language Program at Northwestern University, with “friends, colleagues, roommates and even faculty mentors who speak their languages.” In addition to requiring language instruction for many graduate students, Northwestern enrolls them in a monthlong summer immersion program in American language and culture.
In some cases, university action has been prodded by politicians. Louisiana, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania and Washington have laws requiring that instructors be intelligible, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures, and similar bills have been introduced in many other states in the last decade.
Foreign applicants to American universities must submit scores on standardized tests of their English skills. In the not-too-distant past, that almost always meant a written exam. But university officials say that the growth of tests that include oral components has given them a much better idea of applicants’ speaking skills.
The test most commonly used by American institutions, the Test of English as a Foreign Language, or Toefl, added a spoken portion in 2005 when it was first administered online. The company that produces the exam, ETS, says that 98 percent of people who take it now take the Internet version, which includes listening and speaking.
In another step forward, professors say, increasingly sophisticated software programs analyze and critique speech. One program, NativeAccent, which became available three years ago, has been adopted by more than 100 universities.
Briju Thankachan, an Indian graduate student here in instructional technology, has spent hundreds of hours using NativeAccent. The software can isolate hundreds of pronunciation issues and even show animations of how to position parts of the mouth for each sound.
“Every morning I would hear him repeating things over and over into the computer, and you could hear him getting better,” said Mr. Thankachan’s wife, Betsy J. Briju, a visiting assistant professor in plant biology.
The comprehension problem is far from solved. Even at an institution like Ohio University, with an unusually robust remedial program, undergraduate students say they have run into hard-to-understand teaching assistants.
“You get better at understanding after a while, and they’re willing to talk it over again, but it can be hard,” said Karen Martinez, a sophomore from Chicago.
The university’s efforts to address the accent problem date to the 1980s. Every foreign student’s command of spoken English is assessed on arrival, and each year about 300 go through the improvement program, part of the linguistics department.
In classes, the students learn to break language into individual sounds, forcing them to be aware of how each part of the mouth is positioned to make a particular bit, while instructors contort their faces and touch their tongues to drive home the point. Students take sentences apart to learn rhythm, emphasis, pauses and rising and falling pitch — elements that can convey as much information as words — and reinforce them with stair-hops and other physical exercises.
“Many people come here without having learned intonation at all,” said Lara Wallace, a lecturer in linguistics. “Everything comes out in a flat monotone, which makes an accent even harder to understand.”
Students are assigned to practice in computer labs, using the speech analysis software, and — possibly the most unpopular exercise — recording audio or video of themselves speaking. They have to transcribe those recordings verbatim, with every pause, false start, repetition or “um” noted.
“I like it and I hate it,” said Xuan He, a 24-year-old sociology student. “Every time, I feel like I sound very stupid. But it is useful.”Continue reading the main story | <urn:uuid:1b7f4825-e3bd-46a1-b440-3da58107d185> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/29/education/college-helps-foreign-students-get-through-to-american-ears.html?pagewanted=all&_r=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00454-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961685 | 1,255 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Collaboration Finds Kidney Disease Tied to DNA Damage, Rockefeller University Study
8/9/2012 7:51:24 AM
A research collaboration involving Rockefeller University and more than two dozen other institutions has found a link between a gene mutation and chronic kidney failure. The study, published in Nature Genetics in July, found patients who had a specific kind of kidney disease — called karyomegalic interstitial nephritis — were likely to also have a mutation on a particular gene, FAN1, which codes for a protein that helps fix DNA damage.
comments powered by | <urn:uuid:894e50aa-d589-4897-8daf-b4ed42f30304> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.biospace.com/News/collaboration-finds-kidney-disease-tied-to-dna/269541 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00433-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961892 | 120 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Reporters Without Borders is appalled to learn that Amangelen Shapudakov, an 80-year-old activist, has been confined to a psychiatric hospital after accusing a local government official of corruption in an interview for Radio Azatlyq, the Turkmen-language service of Radio Free Europe (RFE), one of the few independent media still operating in Turkmenistan.
“The inhuman and arbitrary way that Shapudakov is being treated is new evidence of this central Asian dictatorship’s harsh repression of the media and their sources,” the press freedom organization said.
“Shapudakov has never had psychiatric problems, but he suffers from diabetes and hypertension. It is criminal to lock up someone of his age with these ailments. Such methods worthy of a bygone age are used not only against journalists but also against the people they talk to on a regular or occasional basis.”
Shapudakov was summoned to a police station in Magtymguly, the southwestern district where he lives, on 7 March and has not been seen since. A spokesperson at a psychiatric hospital in the nearby city of Balkanabat told Radio Azatlyk that he had been committed for medical examinations and would remain there for about a month.
Turkmenistan’s psychiatric hospitals are notorious for being used as “gulag” to confine and torture government critics and opponents.
Shapudakov was banned from leaving Magtymguly in January and posters accusing him of being a criminal were put up in public places. He was briefly detained in Ashgabat on 5 February after complaining to several international organizations of being harassed by the Turkmen authorities.
RFE contributors are frequently subjected to threats and harassment. One of the gravest cases was Ogusulpar Muradova’s death while being tortured in prison in September 2006. Two of her colleagues, Annakurban Amanklychev and Sapardurdy Khajiyev, are still being held.
As Reporters Without Borders reported at the time, Sazak Durdymuradov, an occasional contributor to Radio Azatlyk, was held in a psychiatric hospital for two weeks in 2008. Several RFE journalists were interrogated last year and their family members were put on a black-list.
Access to information is totally blocked in Turkmenistan, which ranks 176th out of 178 countries in the latest Reporters Without Borders press freedom index. Despite a change of tone on the part of the government, Shapudakov’s confinement shows that even talking to journalists continues to be very dangerous.
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Compliance is Key: Opening the Internet to All
Reach compliance at any scale with UserWay. Let us help you meet global requirements.
What does it mean to be web compliant?
What makes a website compliant, and what are the requirements? Compliant with what, and why? Who makes these decisions?
When you’re new to the world of accessibility, these may seem like basic questions with simple answers. They’re not.
It’s easy to get lost when you begin to work your way deeper into the details. Web accessibility is a highly technical field, regulated in various ways by countries of every size around the world. There is no single set of rules to follow. Rather, accessibility is an ever-changing landscape where the bar is constantly set higher, with the goal of achieving universal access for everyone.
What standards apply?
Although your company may be based in one country (the US or elsewhere), standards and requirements of additional countries often apply as well, since the general internet is of course open to the world. The most relevant standards are listed at the top of this page.
Standards are followed not because we are legally required to, but because they are right and fair. Everyone should be able to access the web, and proper accessibility guarantees that. It’s why UserWay was created. What’s important about the specific standards set, and compliance with them, is that when you’ve made sure your site is in fact compliant, you know that most or all user challenges that people complain of will be removed, clearing the way for greater and freer use and enjoyment of your site.
And, in nearly every case, eliminating obstacles to full access invites the certainty of greater revenues for the site owner. That’s a nice bonus.
We should mention that aside from doing the right thing, it is wise to protect your business from legal action regarding any lack of compliance, whether the litigation is justified or not. UserWay helps you do that.
Who sets standards?
Standards-setting bodies are oftentimes independent, but may in some cases be government-run. They are by and large composed of accessibility advocates who care enough about accessibility to involve themselves seriously. These individuals often come from a background of having a disability themselves, having a family member or loved one with a disability, working in disability spaces, feeling strongly motivated to create good change in the world, or some combination of the above.
The bottom line is that these are individuals with good reason to think about accessibility, and a lot of thought has been given to each compliance measure put into place. That’s before the discussions take place regarding what really fits best for the greatest number of people, and what can be put into place. In short, these are people well worth listening to, and a great deal of work, thought, effort, and time has gone into the creation and maintenance of sets of standards both locally and internationally. These standards are never arbitrary. They deserve our respect and our compliance.
What makes a website compliant?
While there are many, many details to take into account, the overall aim is always to strive to ensure that all users can access your content, or at least the greatest number of users possible.
Consider the various disabilities that may interfere with access.
People who are blind or visually impaired will often be using screen readers. Can the majority of screen readers work with your content? Does your site have alt text? Do the important functions of your site present only visually, or have you provided alternative options?
For those who can see but perhaps need color-blindness functionality, or greater contrast, or larger text, or a different font: what options have you set up for their use?
People who are deaf or hard of hearing will need captioning and transcription for any audio or video with audio. And so forth. Clearly there are many, many considerations.
Start with the UserWay widget and see what violations can be cleared immediately. You may be surprised at how effective it is. In fact, it may clean your site up entirely.
Then, if you see that further investigation and remediation is needed, decide if you need the UserWay AI advanced widget, or, at the next level, a manual site audit.
All steps toward compliance are good steps. That still leaves your way forward open to creating greater accessibility for your content. See where you can get started, and start.
What compliance means: intent
At first, the regulatory environment may seem like a tangled mess of overlapping and sometimes contradictory laws, but there is a great deal of agreement on what compliance means. It comes down to the basic principles of POUR.
POUR is a four-letter acronym you'll find a lot in the accessibility space. These high-level principles encompass functional accessibility: Perceivable, Operable, Understandable, and Robust.
We perceive things in the world via our senses. For users, the available senses in most spaces online or in tech are currently seeing and hearing, with touch at hand as well where haptics are included. New technologies may allow us to interface via touch, smell, or taste. Those would also be included in “perceivables”.
We operate controls, navigation, buttons, and other interactive elements in order to control an interface. When users can interact with an interface in this way, it is known as operability. Many users may identify elements visually and subsequently swipe or click. Other users will utilize voice commands or a keyboard.
What makes something understandable? Consistency of format and presentation, and predictability of design and use patterns, are part of what makes technology reliable and easy to navigate. Multimodal and concise content that is tone and voice appropriate is also more understandable. When content is comprehensible to users, they’ll find the interface more available to them. They’ll learn to use it, and remember it without a great deal of trouble.
Is your IT designed to function on all relevant technologies? Does it comply fully with all necessary standards? Can users choose how they interact with your material online, i.e., documents, websites, multimedia, etc? If the answer is yes to all of the above, that is robust.
Principles such as POUR can apply to many situations, online and off. Although they were originally intended to describe accessibility on the web, they are clearly pertinent in other areas of accessibility. Anyone working in technology should provide users with the ability to access their technology via perception, operation, and understanding. All tech should work robustly across multiple platforms, and assistive technologies must be included in that list.
Privacy by Design
For example, a common thread you’ll find at the center of almost all web accessibility standards is privacy protection for web users. People with disabilities should never be required to submit private information about their diagnoses, or be forced to label themselves as even having one. Additionally, some types of personal information should never be used for marketing purposes without explicit consent, and disabilities are at the top of that list.
That is why UserWay does not store or collect any personally identifiable information about our users.
We believe in Privacy by Design, which means all of our products are planned from the very beginning to not require personal information in order to operate. User privacy is a central principle that guides all of the decisions we make as a company.
Beyond preserving individual privacy, compliance standards seek to ensure everyone is able to access the internet without facing unnecessary barriers or hurdles. Just because someone is differently-abled doesn’t mean they should be excluded from the many benefits of using the internet. And, as more government agencies and businesses move many of their services online, universal access has become a requirement. It’s almost impossible to function in modern society without navigating the web.
Because of this new level of necessary access, compliance standards are increasing in importance, and the number of new standards created every year continues to grow.
The speed at which compliance standards are changing, and the increasingly technical nature of the field, have made it increasingly difficult for most web developers and IT departments to stay current. This has led to the development of businesses like UserWay that specialize in accessibility and help organizations navigate their compliance journeys while simplifying the process along the way.
How do we make compliance easy?
Automated remediation based on a true and basic human desire to expand accessibility for all users is our starting point. The UserWay Accessibility Widget contains all the rules needed to adhere to global compliance standards, and is able to scan and remediate websites to bring them up to those high levels of compliance.
And, as compliance standards change, the widget changes with them: we constantly update it and are continually researching new and expanded definitions of and standards for accessibility.
Without this tool, organizations are left using web developers to hand-code updates across all pages on their websites, which, as might be expected, is generally a time-consuming and expensive process. It also leaves a lot of room for errors and omissions.
UserWay has moved beyond basic automation to ensure strict compliance. Since almost every website contains some custom code, a simple automation can’t interpret everything it scans. That’s why we developed an AI-powered accessibility widget that can decipher the structure of any site. It also writes grammatically-correct descriptions of the images it scans so screen readers can describe them to users who are visually-impaired. No other website compliance solution is more efficient, or more cost-effective.
The speed at which a website can be made compliant is also critical with regard to litigation.
As compliance guidelines turn into compliance laws, businesses of all sizes with non-compliant websites are being targeted by lawsuits. This is clearly a financial liability, and, importantly, it also harms sales numbers and downgrades the digital reputation of a company when a large percentage of site visitors can’t gain full access. Demonstrating the ability to quickly remediate all the pages on a site while also being responsive to people with disabilities is the safest way to avoid financial losses and lengthy court cases.
Standards to Follow
The most important standards you should know are briefly described below with links to pages that contain more details. Please note: just because a law originates in another country, outside where your organization is based, does not mean the law does not apply. Most countries have signed treaties and other agreements that require their businesses and other organizations to follow their web compliance standards. This is why, for example, most companies in the USA are compliant with GDPR, which was enacted by the European Union. UserWay products and services meet, and often exceed, all of the standards listed here.
The Americans with Disabilities Act
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), passed in 1990, is an important piece of legislation that protects people with disabilities from barriers to physical and digital access. Essentially, the law helps to ensure that anyone with a disability will receive the same opportunities that an individual without a disability has, in the public sector and some parts of the private sector.
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) are a set of standards created by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The W3C is an international community that develops regulations and recommendations for the internet to help ensure its longevity and usability. The W3C established the WCAG standards to provide detailed guidelines for website owners, designers, and developers to create websites and digital content and markup through accessible approaches that work seamlessly with assistive technologies used by people with disabilities.
Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Section 508 refers to a part of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. When the Rehabilitation Act was created, its goal was to prevent disability discrimination in federal organizations, federal programs, federal contractors, and similar groups. This act was amended in 1998 to include Section 508 because of the technological advancements being made at the time.
EN 301 549
A European standard for digital accessibility
EN 301 549 is the European standard that pertains to digital accessibility. This standard mandates that all Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the public sector must be fully accessible. No matter what disability a person might have, they should be able to access the same information as those without disabilities.
General Data Protection Regulation
The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is a European Union regulation that took effect in 2018 and helps to allow citizens the right to control their personal data. This includes data within the EU as well as data that is transmitted to other regions.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) was passed in the US, and helps to protect an individual's medical information. It allows everyone to request to see or receive copies of their medical records, even though the information may not be fully available. Additionally, HIPAA lets people request revisions to their records if an error is made. Importantly, HIPAA also gives individuals the right to learn how their information is both used and shared.
The Children's Online Privacy Protection Rule
The Children's Online Privacy Protection Rule (COPPA) was put into effect in 2000 and applies to the owners or operators of websites and online services that are for children who are younger than thirteen years old. It also applies to the operators of services and sites that are knowingly collecting the personal information of children younger than thirteen online.
The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act
The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) is a law passed in 1974 that oversees who can access a person's education information and related records. In part, the law helps give current and former students the right to a certain level of privacy when it comes to their education information. Institutions may need prior consent to divulge certain information about a person's education history or records.
The Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act
The Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA) was enacted in 2005 in Ontario, Canada. This Act was created to help increase the accessibility of Ontario's public areas by the year 2025. By creating a target date that was twenty years in the future from its inception, the Act gave plenty of time for planning, revisions, and correction of inaccessible facilities.
Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines
The Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines (ATAG) 2.0 provide detailed accessibility standards for creating web content authoring tools. These guidelines present ways to make tools that are both more accessible to authors with disabilities and that are designed to encourage and promote the creation of more accessible web content by authors using those tools.
The Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act
The Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act (CVAA) became law in 2010. The original Communications Act of 1934 was limited in its scope due to vast achievements in technology in the decades since it was signed, and the terms needed to be updated. President Obama signed this amendment to the original act to ensure that all telecommunications innovations would be accessible to people with disabilities.
What’s All This For?
All of the standards listed above ensure that every industry, including government, public sector, healthcare, IT, security, education, banking, retail, hospitality and all others, continue working toward universal access for all web users, no matter what physical or cognitive challenges they may face.
The AI-Powered UserWay Accessibility Widget is the easiest way to bring your website into full compliance across all of these standards. It also ensures any new content you add is compliant as well. Making your website standards-compliant will help boost your bottom line, but at its core, it’s about making sure that the doors of your website are open to all. Fundamentally, it’s the right thing to do. Because everyone should have equal access to the internet. | <urn:uuid:35f2af7a-e7b9-43ec-a19b-0c67f000cfd6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://userway.org/compliance/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.947937 | 3,318 | 1.765625 | 2 |
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