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According to journal entries written by Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (retrieved by his wife, Mary, who committed suicide last year in the midst of their divorce), the days following the plane crash that took the life of John F. Kennedy Jr. and Carolyn Bessette were marked with dramatic conflict between the two families, as the Kennedys did not feel Carolyn’s burial should be treated in the same manner as that of a Kennedy.
Robert writes that, three days after the crash, Kennedy family members told Carolyn’s mother, Anne Freeman, that, while John Jr. would be buried in the family plot in Brookline, Mass., they “could do with Carolyn as they pleased.” Ultimately, this ended as a moot point, as both John and Carolyn were cremated and buried at sea. But the diaries indicate that there were some very unpleasant interactions behind-the-scenes, particularly between Ed Schlossberg, Caroline Kennedy’s husband, and Anne, as he “bulled, bullied, bullied the shattered grieving mother,” according to the diaries. “She says she wants to start an ‘I hate Ed’ club.”
The diaries also reveal that Carolyn once confided to Mary that John Jr. and his sister Caroline had been quarreling about furniture in their Martha’s Vineyard estate which had belonged to their mother. Carolyn said John was “so depressed” about their fighting, and John told Robert “how hurt he was by Caroline’s actions.”
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CC-MAIN-2016-44
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http://www.vanityfair.com/news/2013/11/rfk-diaries-intense-family-drama-jfk-jr-death
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Voters in Vail will see iPads instead of signature roster books when they vote at the polls Nov. 5, according to Pima County officials.
The pilot program is designed to make voter identification faster by scanning a voter’s drivers license with the iPads, said Brad Nelson, elections director at Pima County.
There is no cost to the county for the pilot program, Nelson said, because a private company is providing the equipment.
Vail has 7,000 registered voters, not enough to see if the pilot program could be implemented countywide, but Nelson said the county will test it during next year’s state and federal elections.
The polling places in Vail will no longer have electronic ballot scanners at every precinct, instead voters will drop their ballots into a secure box “that is under observation at all times by poll workers, and then secure transported to a central tabulating facility,” according to county officials.
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Opponents of Angela Merkel are turning to Momentum-style tactics in a bid to stop her forming a new government in Germany.
A rebel movement is urging thousands of people to become members of the centre-left Social Democrat Party (SPD) in order to block it joining a new coalition under Mrs Merkel.
The initiative is being spearheaded by the SPD’s youth wing, the Jusos, who narrowly failed to stop the party entering formal coalition negotiations in a vote at the weekend.
A final deal still has to be approved by a full vote of the membership, and the Jusos believe they can recruit enough new members to block it.
“For the next step, we need you NOW,” Kevin Kühnert, the Jusos’ 28-year-old leader, tweeted alongside a link to apply for SPD membership.
“Now it’s important to get as many coalition critics into the party as possible, so we can overturn the result in the membership vote,” Frederick Cordes, a regional Juso leader, said. “We’re planning a national campaign under the slogan, 'a tenner against the coalition’.”
The slogan refers to the cost of two months’ party membership. The monthly fees are only €5 (£4.40) for those earning up to €12,000 (£10,550) a year — which includes many of the Jusos’ target demographic of students and young people.
The idea is also being backed by a left-wing faction within the SPD, the Democratic Left Forum 21, who have come up with their own slogan: “Come in, say No!”
The SPD says there have been hundreds of new membership applications since the weekend vote in favour of coalition talks. The party’s regional association in Bavaria received 100 in a single day on Monday, while there were 70 in Berlin.
But the Jusos and their allies have a major task before them. The party currently has 440,000 members, and it says it will set a deadline for new members to join by if they want to vote on a coalition deal.
Delegates at a special party congress narrowly voted in favour of formal coalition negotiations at the weekend, with just 56 per cent casting their ballot for it.
Most commentators believe the current general membership is more likely to support a coalition than the highly politicised delegates, though there is no reliable polling data.
Leading voices in the parliamentary party have spoken out against the plan. “I have a problem with people saying: join just so you can vote, and then you can resign,” Matthias Miersch, a prominent left-leaning MP, said. “Party membership means values, and that's crucial.”
Mr Kühnert, the Juso leader, later distanced himself from the idea of two-month memberships, tweeting: “We want to recruit new members who join the SPD out of conviction”.
But the initiative has left Mrs Merkel with one more obstacle in the way of forming a new government, just as she was breathing a sigh of relief over the weekend’s vote.
It has also potentially given the SPD a stronger hand at negotiations which are expected to begin later this week. With the threat of an eventual No vote, the party’s negotiators will hope they can demand more concessions from Mrs Merkel’s Christian Democrats (CDU).
Meanwhile the narrow vote in favour of negotiations has left the SPD leader Martin Schulz severely weakened, with many questioning his future at the head of the party.
His performance at Sunday’s congress was generally considered to be lacklustre, with many commentators suggesting he was only saved from defeat by an altogether more rousing speech in favour of a coalition from one of his rivals for the leadership, Andrea Nahles.
To make matters worse for Mr Schulz, a growing number of party figures are now demanding he honour a pledge he made immediately after last year’s election not to serve as a minister in a Merkel government.
Mr Schulz is widely expected to demand the plum job of foreign minister as well as the vice-chancellorship in a coalition.
But two senior party figures on Tuesday called on him to stand by his word. “A U-turn on this would shatter Martin Schulz’s credibility,” Wolfgang Tiefensee, regional leader in the state of Thuringia, said.
“We need a party leader who is not a member of the government,” Frederick Brütting, deputy leader in Baden-Württemberg state said.
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https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/01/23/momentum-style-coup-could-spell-trouble-merkel-coalition-vote/
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Phillips, C. (2020). Wai Puna: An Indigenous Model of Māori Water Safety and Health in Aotearoa, New Zealand, International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education, 12(3) Article 7.
World Health Organisation, "Preventing drowning: an implementation guide," World Health Organisation, Geneva, 2017.
Spoonley, P. Gluckman, P. Bardsley, A. McIntosh, T. HuniaR. and Johal, S. e. a. "He Oranga Hou: Social cohesion in a post-COVID world." The University of Auckland, Auckland, 2020.
Peden, A. E. Franklin, R. C. and Clemens, T. "Exploring the burden of fatal drowning and data characteristics in three high income countries: Australia, Canada and New Zealand," BCM Public Health, 2019.
van Beeck, E. F. Branche, C. M. Szpilman, D. ModellJ. H. and Bierens, J. J. "A new definition of drowning: towards documentation and prevention of a global public health problem," Bulletin of the World Health Organisation, vol. 83, no. 11, pp. 853-856, 2005.
Beerman, S. Bierens J. J. , Clemens, T. Meddings, D. Rahman, A. and Szpilman, D. "Clarification and Categorization of Non-fatal Drowning," Workshop, Toronto, Canada, 2018.
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https://sector.watersafety.org.nz/References
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Every year, about 400,000 tourists make a trip to Utah to visit Monument Valley to look at the southwestern spectacle of sandstone buttes and mesas, but then leave without. Rather than treat this as a pit-stop, the Mexican Water Chapter of the Navajo Nation wanted to provide a resting stop for visitors to stay at. In doing so, they hoped to add to the local economy.
The Arizona-based government organization approached the University of Utah’s graduate architecture program, Design Build BLUFF, to construct two rentable cabins.
Their answer to this proposal are two 300-square-foot “sibling cubes,” named the Sunrise and Sunset Cabins, made of rusted steel and reclaimed barn wood. The design is influenced by the surrounding landscape, the Blue Mountains and Monument Valley, mimicking the vision of one “resting” on the land, while another “emerges” from it.
Following suit of Navajo tradition, the entrances face towards the east. Each residence features a cantilevered patio, located on the northern sides, to capitalize on providing shade during the summer months.
The interiors feature floors, sinks, and counters made of concrete, with more reclaimed barn wood for the walls and partitions defining the separate rooms—an industrial yet warm contrast in materials.
See more photos of this project on our sister-site EcoBuilding Pulse>>
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With deadlines nearing, states, hospitals rush to build-out health IT networks
The Obama administration’s health reform program faces some significant high tech milestones this fall, including those designed to promote interaction between healthcare providers and patients through the use of mobile technology.
In October, states will be required to launch health insurance exchanges, online markets where the public can shop and compare health insurance plans.
This fall is also when the second stage of the administration’s “meaningful use” plan kicks in. The plan provides financial incentives to hospitals and doctors providers who can show levels of “patient engagement” via the use of health IT.
In both cases, the organizations are demonstrating progress if not perfection in setting up the foundation for a national healthcare information system.
To help promote meaningful use, for example, the Department of Health and Human Services has launched a series of 31 mobile apps that let Medicare and Medicaid patients interact with providers or access HHS-sanctioned information about their healthcare.
The apps include tools for finding the nearest federally funded health center, body-mass index calculators and information for physicians on identifying preventive services appropriate for their patients.
For its part, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have developed apps that offer physicians up-to-date information on influenza activity and the latest diagnostic and treatment information. A separate app lets the public track “influenza-like illness” levels across the country and where they live.
According to a report in MobiHealthNews, the technologies help support the meaningful-use requirement that half of a provider’s patients have the ability to view their health records online. Kaiser Permanente, for one, told the MobiHealthNews that in 2012 already 4 million of its members viewed their health records through an online portal, with 22 percent of the traffic coming from mobile devices.
But while mobile access to healthcare providers seems to be blossoming, most consumers may have to wait until next year before using smartphones to fully tap into new state insurance exchanges.
In the rush to meet the October deadline to get the exchanges up and running, states have not generally had time to make them fully mobile-friendly. While shoppers may be able to use their mobile phones to view the portal and read some material, some features, such as detailed plan comparisons, may not be ready for smartphones.
Washington Health Benefit Exchange CIO Curtis Kwak told Government Technology that with an Oct. 1 deadline looming, the state did not have the chance to build mobile friendliness into the first version of the exchange. Instead, it’s teed up for version 2, planned for August 2014.
Still, those using larger mobile screens may be able to navigate the site or receive text reminders of their coverage status, Government Technology reported. “You always have this problem that you want to have the same content be presentable using different presentation media,” Manu Tandon, secretariat CIO at the Massachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services told Government Technology. “This is no different.”
Posted by GCN Staff on Aug 15, 2013 at 10:14 AM
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In today’s age of digital transformation, the internet has become the lifeline of most of your lives. From communication and entertainment to banking and commercial operation, everything relies on good connection to internet these days. As we become more and more dependent on our smartphones and PCs, the internet is no longer nice to have, it’s something that dictates what we do, how we live and where we move. Therefore, access to high-speed internet has become one of the top-most priorities in today’s time. This is not a pressing concern for urban areas but for those living in rural or suburban areas, it could be crucial. To this day, a vast population in rural areas depends on rural area internet providers for their connectivity needs. And we are not talking about tens or hundreds of people. In 2020 Ireland’s rural population reached 1,815,432, 0.54% year to year increase. Countryside internet matters and is immensly important in respect of country’s growth and should be perceived as such.
To people’s dismay, most rural areas in the country suffer from seemingly poor internet connectivity. The major reasons behind this issue are inaccessibility as well as lack of proper landline connections. Most internet service providers refrain from setting up necessary infrastructures like broadcast towers and cables for high-speed internet in remote communities, for they find it impractical. According to Central Statistics Office (CSO) in March 2020, 12% of Irish population had no access to fixed broadband internet connection. The said population consists mostly of rural areas with counties Leitrim, Monaghan and Mayo and evidently, has the worst percentage of intervention areas under National Broadband Plan (NBP). The truth is, for most big operators it’s too expensive to get there. The cost of connectivity, the cost of marketing, it just doesn’t add up.
Rural Internet Providers
Residents of rural areas don’t have the same number of options available as customers living in Limerick, Galway, Dublin or even Wexford. They often have to search for what’s available in their area, what kind of countryside internet they can get. Fibre rollout in rural areas is seriously delayed and although full fibre is becoming more common it is not widespread in any sense.
Options countryside customers can avail of:
- Satellite Internet – best coverage for remote areas but with certain restrictions
- 3G/4G internet – probably the most common type of connection in rural areas but not without issues such as congestion
- 5G internet – very likely the future of wireless broadband, currently covering nearly 80% of Irish population
- Fibre internet – costly and therefore slow fibre rollout limits its benefits for rural communities
Best wireless rural internet connection providers
KonnectMe provides immaculate wireless and rural satellite broadband service to the most remote parts of Ireland. Our connection is completely wireless, which means that our internet service does not require users to have a functioning telephone connection to avail of high-speed internet. Instead, we provide a wi-fi router at your home, office, or anywhere you want. The standard installation completely free of cost. The installation is totally hassle-free and needs no additional effort on your part.
With KonnectMe you have two main options:
- Satellite internet connection
- 5G broadband wireless connection
High-speed rural area broadband suppliers
High speed connectivity is not limited to fixed line or cable connection. In fact, very often fixed connectivity in rural areas is worse than wireless internet. This is because broadband providers have to rely on old copper cables. This is true of ADSL connections as well as most of Irish fibre rollout that comes to end user as FTTC (fibre to the cabinet) meaning fibre optic cables are there but the last leg, from the cabinet to premises, is served by copper lines.
KonnectMe delivers Konnect satellite broadband connection, ensuring undisrupted, high-speed internet for all your needs. Satellite internet is not the only option we can offer. Compared to any other rural internet service providers, we offer a wide range of solutions for high-speed internet.
- Our satellite broadband allows us to offer speeds up to 100Mbps in areas where fibre connection is not or won’t be available.
- We also offer a 5G solution that can easily compete with any fibre connections offeirng currently speeds of up to 500Mbps with the potential of up to 2Gbps.
- We always strive to offer fibre connectivity wherever possible. Depending on your eircode we can offer ADSL, FTTC and FTTH with speeds up to 2Gbps
Whatever the option, with such speeds you can easily stream videos, download multimedia content, join online meetings, and so much more.
Best Internet for rural areas
The often question is what is the best Internet for rural areas. Unfortunately, no simple answer can be given. The best internet for rural areas is that that works in a particular location giving best speeds and reliability. For some rural locations it may mean Fibre, for other countryside eircodes it’s 4G or 5G. And there are always rural areas where only satellite works. What good rural internet providers do, they don’t just stick to one technology but have a range of offers suitable irrespectively of the location. Most internet service providers offer just their service and the customer has no choice. By contacting rural internet provider like KonnectMe you can have a choice between wireless and wired technologies and therefore a better chance to have s good service.
How rural area internet providers are helping in rural development?
In our era, people cannot survive without the Internet. Everything is all about the digital process and technological advancements. The infinite height that the web has achieved is a marker of growth. Communication has become better, and businesses are reaching beyond borders. Besides developing the cities and connecting the towns, rural area Internet providers, like us, must also focus on rural areas, on countryside internet, and their development.
Technology helps people to recognise a place, geography, culture, people, food and other specialties. With this growing progression, almost all sectors of society get impacted, including transport, banking, education, tourism and more. The services become better by incorporating advanced technology and solution. In this way, the whole region flourishes.
KonnectMe is known as the best rural Internet provider, focusing on the overall growth of a rural community in Ireland. With faster network and communication, people get to know and learn new trends and make the most use of technology. Irrespectively of the tye of broadband connection, we strive to deliver the best what’s available in a particular area and eircode.
We at KonnectMe, acknowledge the importance of connectivity. This is the reason we aim to tackle this challenge head-on and provide the best internet service for rural areas. We are looking for alternative broadband options such as satellite internet, wireless broadband (including 5G and 4G/LTE solutions) as well as traditional solutions of fixed broadband and SIRO. We always strive to provide the best solution at a reasonable price. Therefore, if you are looking for the best rural internet providers, here is why you should choose KonnectMe over others.
Best cost-effective rural internet service Provider
Usually, consumers in remote areas have to pay a much higher price for high-speed internet if they choose traditional wired rural internet service providers. However, KonnectMe offers wireless satellite internet service, which cuts your expenses dramatically. Moreover, we have a ton of budget-friendly plans for you to choose from. Here, at KonnectMe, we work with different providers and we offer what’s available in your area. You no longer have to search for the best internet near me, or similar localised options, we do it for you!
KonnectMe is dedicated to making internet services available in every corner of the country. As one of the best rural internet providers, our goal is to provide the best internet service in rural areas at the most competitive rate. Connect with KonnectMe to have the best possible rural internet service and enjoy all the benefits of satellite broadband.
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Detroit & Pittsburgh: A tale of two cities
The most recent jobs numbers are good news: Pittsburgh has almost completely recovered from the Great Recession. Employment in the metropolitan area hit its prerecession high of 1.19 million in July 2008. Area employers added more than 20,000 jobs in April, boosting the number of employed people to 1.17 million. Just one more month of 20,000 new jobs and we will have completely recovered from the recession.
And even if Pittsburgh's jobs growth returns to its typical 1,700 new jobs a month, we will surpass our 1.19 million high-water mark within a year. For Pittsburgh, the Great Recession is finally in the rearview mirror.
Not so Detroit. Unlike Pittsburgh, Detroit has not come back from the recession. Instead, our sister city to the west has seen its fortunes plummet to Depression-era levels. In 2000, Detroit hosted 370,000 jobs and the metropolitan area 2.2 million. Fast-forward 10 years to the Great Recession. As Pittsburgh's unemployment rate hit a high of 9 percent, Detroit's skyrocketed to 16 percent in the metropolitan area and a whopping 28 percent in the city itself.
To put that in perspective, in 1933 at the height of the Great Depression, the U.S. unemployment rate hit “only” 25 percent. Today, Detroit's unemployment rate is just under 10 percent in the metropolitan area and 16 percent in the city proper. While Pittsburgh is back to its prerecession fighting weight, Detroit is significantly worse off than Pittsburgh was at the height of the Great Recession. It appears that the Motor City has closed its doors.
Driving this point home, Detroit this month partially defaulted on its massive $18.5 billion debt, offering its creditors 10 cents on the dollar. This is unsurprising since Detroit's tax base has dwindled even as its debt has grown. There are not enough people paying taxes now to repay the city's obligations. Even those who remain have become part of the problem since many have stopped paying city taxes altogether. The city is so broke it can't afford to do anything about it. It is contemplating selling off its art collection to help keep the lights on. Not only has Detroit shut its doors, it's now talking about having a fire sale.
How did it come to this? Pittsburgh and Detroit were both largely single-industry cities that saw their single industries, steel and automobiles, collapse. Pittsburgh took the hit, got back on its feet and thrived. But Detroit just stayed down.
The reason is markets and government assistance. When Pittsburgh's steel industry collapsed, there were no government bailouts. The steel industry disappeared and with it, 85,000 jobs. Times were tough, as anyone who lived through it can easily remember, but Pittsburghers rolled up their sleeves and shifted their talents and resources to other things. Where once there was steel, there are now financial services, research, heath care and even tourism.
But Detroit came to depend on government. Rather than curing the automobile industry, the handouts and bailouts prevented the industry from dying and making way for more healthy industries. Now when we think of Detroit, we think of cars we don't want to drive funded by taxes we don't want to pay. Failure led to more failure, because politicians wouldn't allow Detroit's markets to do what they do best — divert our scarce resources and valuable talents to better uses.
Where Pittsburgh relied on markets, markets birthed a renaissance. Where Detroit relied on government, government created a wasteland.
Antony Davies is associate professor of economics at Duquesne University. James R. Harrigan is a fellow of the Institute of Political Economy at Utah State University.
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When I lived in Ecuador, I was warned about the pollen from the flower of a beautiful tree. The pollen is called “Devil’s Breath,” and when a tiny amount is blown into the face of an intended victim, it immediately saps that person’s free will, turning them into a compliance zombie who will do anything they’re commanded to do: Empty their bank account, engage in sexual acts or even donate a kidney.
This isn’t some urban legend, either. The Devil’s Breath pollen is rich in scopolamine, a potent drug that saps free will and turns people into zombies. Scopolamine can “can wipe the memory of its victims,” reports the Daily Mail:
Scopolamine can be blown in the face of a passer-by on the street, and within minutes, that person is under the drug’s effect – scopolamine is odourless and tasteless.
‘You can guide them wherever you want,’ he explained. ‘It’s like they’re a child.’
…The drug, he said, turns people into complete zombies and blocks memories from forming. So even after the drug wears off, victims have no recollection as to what happened. (Shhhhh! Please don’t tell Bill Cosby!)
FDA-approved drug that literally saps human will and turns people into obedient zombies
If all this sounds exactly like what we’re all witnessing in American society today, that’s because drug companies have turned scopolamine into an FDA-approved prescription drug.
Sold today as a transdermal patch, the scopolamine drug is offered under the name “Transderm Scop” and it’s designed to be placed right behind the ear, allowing the scopolamine drug to be absorbed into the bloodstream.
When the scopolamine chemical enters the bloodstream, it immediately affects the brain, turning a normal human being into an auto-suggestion hypnosis subject who believes and obeys anything they hear. If that person happens to be watching MSNBC while absorbing this drug, they might mindlessly come to believe that they’re supposed to vote for Hillary Clinton because she’s so smart, honest and awesome!
Combine this drug with the effects of mass fluoridation and widespread antidepressant drug use and you get a toxic cocktail of mind-numbing drugs that sap free will and turn humans into walking zombies.
“The drug… turns people into complete zombies and blocks memories from forming. So even after the drug wears off, victims have no recollection as to what happened,” reports the Daily Mail.
It kind of sounds like exactly what we’re seeing today with all the people who voted for President Obama in the 2008 and 2012 elections. They have no recollection what they voted for, and they can’t seem to realize that all of Obama’s campaign promises were outright lies. They voted out of obedience, not rational thinking, and now as so many of the very people who voted for Obama find themselves jobless, laid off or with their work hours cut, they’re starting to come to their senses and ask, “What have I done?”
Now, mindless obedience is available as an FDA-approved pharmaceutical. It’s a Brave New World, after all, and you can’t have let people have the freedom to think, can ya?
Watch the VICE documentary here:
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- Quetena Mine, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta Region, Chile (TYPE LOCALITY)
- Cabinet, 11.9 x 7.0 x 5.0 cm
- Ex. Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences
This matrix, stained by multi-colored copper hues, is host to two dark green patches of finely microcrystallized bandylite, a rare copper, boron, hydroxide, chloride. Note also the patches of lighter blue to the right side of the specimen as shown atop: The larger area of bandylite measures over 2.0 cm across. Ex Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, almost certainly from the type find in the 1930s which was named after mineralogist Mark Bandy. Old fashioned wood display label from somebody's display collection, included. This is a MAJOR example of the species with a bit of 3-dimensionality to it, though it is seemingly innocuous in the photos, for the size and richness of the specimen. SIGNIFICANTLY, this specimen does NOT SHOW ALTERATION to eriochalcite, as is common on some specimens and reduces value of even many museum pieces thought to be bandylite (which aren't).
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.irocks.com/minerals/specimen/6360
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As a globally connected nation, Canada depends on reliable international supply chains to make sure businesses have the goods needed for their customers. The pandemic and last year's series of climate emergencies provided tough lessons in the importance of building resiliency in our supply chains. To better prepare for future shocks, the federal government created the National Supply Chain Task Force.
"The Task Force is to report to government within 100 days, which is fast approaching," states a news release from the Canadian Chamber of Commerce. "As the Task Force finalizes its interim report, the business community is looking for a partner to address the preventable items hindering our transportation systems."
The chamber network is calling on the federal government to prioritize infrastructure and economic growth. In Greater Victoria, we are part of the Western Gateway for goods entering Canada and the Greater Victoria Chamber continues to call for investment in infrastructure on the Island.
Fueled by surging gas prices, Canada's inflation rate rose again last month to 8.1%. If the cost of gas is taken out, the rate would be 6.5%.
Other factors contributing to our higher cost of living include jumps in grocery bills, accommodation and ticket prices for sports and concert events. If there is a silver lining it is that the increase was less than expected. Whether this signals peak inflation is unclear. Many experts are forecasting inflation to begin falling in the next few months.
The Chamber is working with a number of members to get a clearer picture of what rising rates mean for business. Watch for updates in future editions of BizNews.
The Bank of Canada raised its interest rate by half a point Wednesday morning, after higher than expected inflation in April. The move was expected as global economies continue to face challenges. In simplest terms, the economy continues to struggle with supply challenges and is not able to meet demand for goods and services. The result has been rampant inflation, making the cost of living less affordable.
"With the economy in excess demand, and inflation persisting well above target and expected to move higher in the near term, the Governing Council continues to judge that interest rates will need to rise further," the Bank of Canada said in a June 1 media release. "The pace of further increases in the policy rate will be guided by the Bank’s ongoing assessment of the economy and inflation, and the Governing Council is prepared to act more forcefully if needed to meet its commitment to achieve the 2% inflation target."
The increase by the bank will mean higher costs for borrowing and will affect the housing market and some business's ability to make investments in their operations.
Inflation crept higher in March as Canada's Consumer Price Index was 6.7% higher than March last year. All eight categories that are tracked by Statistics Canada increased in cost as the CPI recorded its largest increase since 1991, the year the Goods and Services Tax was introduced.
The cost of filling up at the pump was one of the key factors, as was higher hotel rates and the cost of housing in general. Fuel is a factor in shipping and transportation costs so the jump in gas prices results in higher bills for food, furniture and other goods.
The war in the Ukraine has significantly reduced the supply of oil and gas driving up prices. However, the lifting of pandemic restrictions has also increased demand for many services as people seek out in-person experiences.
Surging fuel costs are adding to the ongoing inflation pressures facing businesses.
Prices hit a high of 216.9 cents per litre yesterday in Sooke, caused by global uncertainty from the war in the Ukraine.
The increase is having a particularly hard impact on couriers and transportation companies, and will lead to higher prices for customers.
The Chamber is working with our partners across BC to advocate for help. For every litre of regular gas, Greater Victoria residents pay 30 cents in provincial taxes and more than 15 cents in federal taxes. The biggest cost affecting the price at the pump is the cost for crude (about half the total price), which is what has risen because of Putin's invasion.
BC's Public Safety Ministry said Monday it will not follow Alberta's lead and cut provincial fuel tax.
One idea The Chamber is looking at is calling for a carbon tax exemption for companies that transport goods or passengers. The idea being that these businesses help take single driver vehicles off the road and should be encouraged.
To find the lowest gas prices in the region, go to gasbuddy.com.
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Praesent ultrices condimentum sem, quis maximus justo feugiat et. Curabitur a orci ac est placerat imperdiet. Curabitur ipsum enim, dapibus nec posuere hendrerit, tincidunt vehicula sem.
Pay homage to the art of filmmaking when you join Singapore’s most established filmmaking course!
Be inspired by the illustrious list of FSV students, alumni and lecturers who have won accolades at international and local film festivals
Learn from the best in masterclasses and workshops by world-renowned filmmakers and industry experts
Learn in top-notch industry standard facilities that inspire you to be the best you can be and help you build a winning portfolio
This is a foundation subject introducing students to single-camera video production. The module aims to provide students with a basic theoretical and practical introduction to pre-production planning, single-camera operation, location lighting, grip work, sound recording and non-linear video editing. Students will gain a visual understanding of moving images and be able to combine them with simple soundtracks.
This module introduces students to the scope of work and responsibilities of a Producer. Students will be introduced to the fundamentals of budgeting and scheduling, the film crew hierarchy, the basics of location scouting and local media law. This module will also include the mechanics of a script breakdown plus the process of content creation and pitching. At the end of this module, students will be able to present a production portfolio based on a given script.
This module focuses on how students can create meaning through stories that reflect their own lives and imagination. Using a three-act dramatic structure, students develop compelling short story ideas with the basic storytelling tools of observation, memory and experience. Through written and oral exercises, as well as assignments, students learn to understand and apply good storytelling techniques – a critical skill for producers of film and other media.
This module provides introductory knowledge in the area of post-production as well as hands-on editing experience. Students will learn the finer details of editing for a narrative-driven project. Through exercises and reflection, they will have many opportunities to become familiar with the various concepts of editing.
This module gives students a foundational introduction to their three-year diploma course curriculum and how it prepares them for industry. Through guided reflection of their personal characteristics and the development of an overall game plan for their education and career goals, students will be better prepared for their future careers.
English Language Express aims to give you a better grounding in the English Language and to strengthen the written and oral communications skills that you will need in your academic and professional careers. You will be engaged in writing, reading, listening and speaking activities that will develop your ability to speak and write grammatically, coherently and clearly. You will also hone your reading and listening comprehension skills.
This foundation module examines the basic elements that comprise the study of film. These are film production, distribution and exhibition, film form, film genre, documentary and experimental cinema, film style and film criticism. Screenings, lectures and readings are designed to help students understand what makes a film look and sound the way it does. Students are also encouraged to analyse films as created objects, to prepare them for more advanced modules in film history and scriptwriting.
This module explores the technical and aesthetic aspects of still photography. Topics include the use of digital camera, exposure techniques, use of existing light, visual elements and principles of design in photography, concepts of composition, storytelling with pictures and photo-portfolio preparation.
Students are introduced to multi-camera studio production techniques and technical operations. Topics include TV studio camera operation and setup, studio lighting, audio and sound control, the character generator, teleprompting, vision mixing, digital effects and production roles. The module is designed to help students acquire the basic knowledge and skills to fill various studio positions competently. There is a focus on developing creativity and continuity in planning and executing live studio-based television programmes.
Students are taught the knowledge and skills for audio production here. They will learn the basic principles and technical concepts of sound production and technology. Foundational production skills developed in recording, overdubbing, processing and mixing can be applied to produce audio for video, television, film, radio and music products.
Film History is an introductory survey course that examines the social, technological and aesthetic history of filmmaking from the origins to the present. This course will emphasise critical, theoretical and historical perspectives in analysing film. Special attention will be placed on films and film movements outside the mainstream. The focus will be on the history of film from a Western perspective, primarily American and European.
Students gain a better understanding of the aesthetics and craft of cinematography with special concentration on practice, workflow and safety at a professional standard. The module aims to take learning outside the classroom with tutor-guided masterclasses conducted in locations that are researched and sourced by the students. This makes for more dynamic and active learning that mimics real-world conditions.
This module provides an opportunity to create motion graphics in post-production for intermediate level students who have mastered the fundamental principles and skills of editing and video production. Students will build up their capacity to create contents of motion graphics and train technical skills for post-production. Students will deal with the various concepts of motion graphics and workflows in post-production. This will help students prepare for their capstone projects in their final year.
Students learn to write screenplays for short films. Building on storytelling and visualisation techniques they acquired in Level 1, students are encouraged to develop stories from their own observations, memories and experiences. Writing exercises and assignments develop eventually into an 8- to 12-page screenplay, which may be expanded into projects in Level 3.
This module is designed to expose students to the practical, technical and theoretical issues in nonfiction filmmaking. Students will study different types of documentary storytelling and the appropriate use for each style. They will then work individually and later in groups to apply the technical skills and creative choices to shoot and edit their own video documentaries.
The module introduces students to the art and business of Asian cinema. Students will explore the unique traditions of selected national cinemas of East-, South- and Southeast Asia. Against the backdrop of globalisation, they will also discover the unique histories and aesthetics of Asian film production.
This module focuses on creating a deeper understanding and appreciation of nonfiction television productions. It is designed to introduce students to the practical and technical aspects of creating television programmes, particularly in the infotainment and info-education genres. Students will work in a team and be responsible for all aspects of production: from conceiving the show idea, to casting, scripting, production planning, budgeting, graphics, to recording programme segments in the studio and on location. They are also responsible for packaging the product using these segments.
Students learn aspects of pre-scriptwriting, scene direction, completion of scriptwriting, script visualisation, pre-production, acting, blocking, direction, rehearsal and filming. The focus is on equipping students with the essential skills to become competent directors and to build a creative portfolio.
Building on the conventions learnt in first-year modules Location Filmmaking and Storytelling Techniques, students delve to examine the craft deeper and discover principles that make for an affective film. This class is exploratory in nature and students chart their own learning journey through guided filming projects and intimate group discussions.
Students will learn the basic knowledge and skills needed for capturing good sound on location in support of sound design. They will also learn how Sound Design can be used to complement and enhance films with the use of foley, voiceover and ADR. With an introduction to ProTools, students will be able to produce basic sound tracks for short films through location sound recording, sound design, editing and mixing.
This second-year module is designed to equip students with the necessary skills to seek and secure work, as well as communicate their personal brand. The module will help students better understand their course-related media sectors and equip them with the necessary skills – written, verbal and presentation – to market themselves effectively when pursuing a career in the media industry.
Building on skills acquired in their first two years of study, students complete two short films that allow them to hone their abilities in writing, cinematography, lighting, sound recording, editing and sound mixing. The students will develop a conceptual knowledge of different film styles, and enhance their understanding and competence in issues related to content and storytelling. The "inclass" and "on location" assignments will emphasise the shooting procedure, and working with actors on a set. Part of the class will be delivered in the masterclass method of instruction.
Using the conceptual and applied knowledge learnt in Year 1 and 2, students hone and integrate their skills through managing and operating the school’s flagship business units, working with external clients on real-time projects, working on their own projects in various disciplines and across disciplines or carrying out freelance engagements. All projects will provide students with hands-on experience in incorporating various skills, platforms and mechanisms to achieve the desired impact in the marketplace.
Students will be placed on an internship with companies and agencies matching their abilities and interests. The internship gives students opportunities to apply their acquired knowledge and skills to the work environment. Students gain valuable work experience and exposure to the rigour, demands and excitement of the media industry, enabling them to adapt effectively to future employment. Many of our students are offered employment by these same companies.
Your portfolio, experience and skills pave the way for you to carve out your own career pathway in the film and media industry. Some of these roles include content developer, director, location sound recordist, post-production supervisor and scriptwriter. You can also follow the footsteps of Anthony Chen and Boo Junfeng and be an independent filmmaker. You will enjoy advanced standing for degree programmes at top film and media schools, both locally and abroad. Many FSV graduates have also received scholarships and bursaries from the National Arts Council, Singapore Film Commission and the Infocomm Media Development Authority to pursue further studies at the National University of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Stanford University (US), University of Cambridge and the National Film & Television School (UK).
FSV is a cutting-edge course that made me fall deeper in love with the transformative art of storytelling. It was there that I was introduced to not just the technical tools of making a film, but also the craft of navigating real-world issues with film and media. Through the holistic approach taken by the faculty members, my worldview expanded, and possibilities eventually unfolded for me in my career. This course is not just about making movies and content, it’s so much more.
FSV gave me the tools to transform thoughts and ideas into moving images which was exhilarating for a wide-eyed teenager who had just graduated from secondary school. We watched movies, learned from them and then picked up the camera and made our own! It’s not only a school to receive an education, it’s a place where dreams can be realised.
To be eligible for consideration, candidates must have the following GCE 'O' Level examination (or equivalent) results.
You must also have sat for one subject listed in the 2nd group of relevant subjects for the ELR2B2-D Aggregate Type.
Candidates with severe vision or hearing deficiency should not apply for the course. Those with colour vision deficiency are required to declare this condition at enrolment, as certain modules require colour recognition.
Find out more on entry requirements and admissions exercise periods for qualifications such as N(A)-Level, A-Level, ITE, IP, IB and more.
Working adults applying for EAE can view what constitutes as relevant work experience for each course
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Distance from Sargodha to Multan
Distance from Sargodha to Multān is 238 kilometers. This air travel distance is equal to 148 miles.
The air travel (bird fly) shortest distance between Sargodha and Multān is 238 km= 148 miles.
If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles) from Sargodha to Multan, It takes 0.26 hours to arrive.
Sargodha is located in Pakistan.
|GPS Coordinates (DMS)||32° 5´ 0.9960'' N |
72° 40´ 15.9960'' E
Sargodha Distances to Cities
|Distance from Sargodha to Lahore||169 km|
|Distance from Sargodha to Rawalpindi||172 km|
|Distance from Sargodha to Multan||238 km|
|Distance from Sargodha to Peshawar||237 km|
|Distance from Sargodha to Jhelum||137 km|
Multan is located in Pakistan.
|GPS Coordinates||30° 11´ 44.0160'' N |
71° 28´ 31.0080'' E
Multān Distances to Cities
|Distance from Multan to Dera Ismail Khan||190 km|
|Distance from Multan to Kot Addu||58 km|
|Distance from Multan to Bhakkar||163 km|
|Distance from Multan to Lahore||313 km|
|Distance from Multan to Jhelum||371 km|
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A playful story that children will enjoy again and again about an inventive boy, a kindly gardener, a growing friendship, and the promise of a bulb...
You may hear these words whispered in your ear: "For you, I will be there forever. Gold accents add pizzazz. The grand houses of the area are documented. Recommended as a good read-aloud for the preschooler. PDF ePub fb2 djvu ebook That's Not A Daffodil! Pdf
. From the factions portrayed as rival gangs, to the outstanding delivery of the lines. Le premier volume de Fortune de France est paru en 1977. But, most of her pages have a messy, jumbled sort of look that just isn't my style. Lady Isabella Scranton scandalized London by leaving her husband, notorious artist Lord Mac Mackenzie, after only three turbulent years of marriage. There were so many scenes between the two that just made me feel sick because it was so obvious that he only cared about his pleasure, not hers. ISBN-10 9781742372488 Pdf
. ISBN-13 978-1742372
. I am not familiar with all the subjects and thinkers he touches upon, nor have I ever participated in any kind of Holotropic Breathwork therapy, so I can't evaluate that portion of his writings. Everything is made with equipment most people already have in their kitchen.
- Allen & Unwin (October 1, 2011) epub
- English pdf
- Elizabeth Honey pdf
- Elizabeth Honey ebooks
- Children's Books pdf books
The tale o tricky ox Download How to survive an em attack pdf at 10milmadoen.wordpress.com Read Wellsrings o aith ebook alltrocginuso.wordpress.com Read Bang visions ebook boftoshibest.wordpress.com
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| 0.927742
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The Iowa Department of Corrections provides telephone service for the benefit of inmates and their families. The costs of providing this service are reflected in the rates charged for its use, which are lower than for most other states. Rates will differ due to maintenance service and reporting of calls.
Iowa law (Ch. 904.508A) authorizes the Department to maintain an inmate telephone fund, the proceeds of which are to be used for the benefit of inmates. The Iowa Board of Corrections has directed that these funds be used for the following offender benefits:
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http://www.doc.state.ia.us/OffenderTelephoneServices
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NHPCO’s Standards for Pediatric Care
Advancing Care for America’s Children
Despite amazing progress in medicine and technology, the unfortunate reality remains that children die. Approximately 53,000 children die each year in the United States and at least 400,000 more live every day with chronic, life-threatening conditions. While these numbers pale in comparison to the number of dying adults, the impact on families and on society is immeasurable.
The Pediatric Services Survey which NHPCO conducted in 2007 reveals that a majority of responding agencies serve pediatric patients, but only a minority has formal pediatric hospice and palliative care programs with specially-trained staff. Many providers indicate willingness to start or expand pediatric services but lack education, tools, resources and performance improvement methods to create and sustain high-quality programming. In response to this need, NHPCO in conjunction with the Children’s Project on Palliative/Hospice Services developed its first national pediatric standards—the “Standards of Practice for Pediatric Hospice and Palliative Care Programs”
Download the February 2009 NewsLine article
“NHPCO’s Standards for Pediatric Palliative and Hospice Care: Advancing Care for American’s Children,” by Sarah Friebert, MD, and Susan Huff, RN, MSN
NHPCO members may download the pediatric standards in PDF, at no charge.
NHPCO members that would like a printed copy and all others may purchase the standards from NHPCO’s Marketplace online or by calling the Marketplace at 1-800-646-6460.
Pediatric Facts & Figures
To understand the importance of pediatric palliative and hospice care, NHPCO and ChiPPS released a document with facts and figures on pediatric end-of-life care. Download “Facts & Figures on Pediatric Palliative Care and Hospice.” (PDF)
Developing the Pediatric Standards
In 2006, NHPCO reorganized the Standards of Practice for Hospice Programs around the “10 Components of Quality in Hospice Care,” which serve as the framework for the NHPCO quality program, Quality Partners:
- Patient and Family-Centered Care
- Ethical Behavior and Consumer Rights
- Clinical Excellence and Safety
- Inclusion and Access
- Organizational Excellence
- Workforce Excellence
- Compliance with Laws and Regulations
- Stewardship and Accountability
- Performance Measurement
Implementing the Standards
The Pediatric Standards are a supplement to the NHPCO Standards of Practice for Hospice Programs and are designed to supplement the existing Standards and set clinical and organizational precedence for hospice and palliative care programs providing care to infants, children, adolescents, and their families in the home, hospital, and long-term care and respite facilities.
The following resources are available for purchase from NHPCO’s Marketplace at member-discounted rates:
Family Education Brochures (available in English and Spanish):
- When Your Child is in Pain
- Talking with Your Child about His/Her Illness
- Talking with Your Child’s Doctor
- When a Child Dies: A Guide for Family and Friends
- Helping Children Cope with Death
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Current Corrected Af Amplifier The majority of modern AF power amplifiers drive the loudspeaker(s) with a voltage that is simply a fixed factor greater than the input voltage. It is fairly evident, therefore, that the power delivered by such amplifiers is inversely proportional to the loudspeaker impedance, since the cone displacement of a loudspeaker is […]
4 Way Traffic Lights This circuit produces traffic lights for a “4-way” intersection. The seemingly complex wiring to illuminate the lights is shown to be very simple.
Fan on off Control This circuit ( fan on off control ) lets you turn on/off a fan by just directing torchlight or other light toward its light-dependent resistor (LDR). The circuit is powered from a 5V power supply. Preset VR1 and a light-dependent resistor (LDR) work as the potential divider. Normally, the LDR’s resistance […]
Dancing Light – 555 circuits Here is a simple dancing light circuit based on NE555 (IC1) & CD4017 (IC2) . The IC1 is wired as an astable multivibrator to provide the clock pulses for the CD4017. For each clock pulse receiving at the clock input (pin14) of IC CD4017, the outputs Q0 to Q9 (refer […]
555 Circuits – Light Detector This circuit detects light falling on the Photo-cell (Light Dependent Resistor) to turn on the 555 and create a tone that is delivered to the speaker. Pin 4 must be held below 0.7v to turn the 555 off. Any voltage above 0.7v will activate the circuit. The adjustable sensitivity control […]
555 Circuits – Amplifier The 555 can be used as an amplifier. It operates very similar to pulse-width modulation. The component values cause the 555 to oscillate at approx 66kHz and the speaker does not respond to this high frequency. Instead it responds to the average CD value of the modulated output and demonstrates the concept of pulse-width modulation. The […]
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.cadsample.com/category/electronic/
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On May 16, 2011 a group of 10 set out at the start of Ixodia Track to enjoy the natural beauty of the bushland, and to up-date the plant lists for this area.
At the start of the track there were still remains of a large stand of Ixodia achillaeoides, an upright shrub with narrow green leaves (young plants have slightly sticky leaves) and thick seed-heads, some still with their distinctive white papery bracts. This plant has a long flowering period.
An obvious avenue of gums, clearly made up of an introduced species, with pale yellowish-cream bark runs parallel to the track on the GOR side of the road. These gums are probably a type of Sugar Gum.
Several other gums were seen including the endemic Anglesea Grey Gum Eucalyptus litoralis, a smallish tree with long tapering leaves(18-35cm) as well as the Brown Stringy-bark and the Messmate Gum Eucalyptus obliqua, a tall tree with thick dark green asymmetrical curved leaves. The base of the leaf is oblique.
Several wattles were seen including Sweet Wattle Acacia suaveolens with its pale yellow fluffy flowers, the Golden Wattle Acacia pycnantha and the Myrtle Wattle Acacia myrtifolia, a compact shrub. The latter two will be in flower in August.
Common Heath Epacris impressa a pretty plant with flowers in shades of pink as well white flowers dotted the area. The outstanding plant at this time is the Common Correa Correa reflexa with its narrow red with greenish-tipped flowers.
May and June are good months to see many and varied fungi including the Horse-dropping Fungi, Slime Moulds, mosses and lichens, all of which all add colour to the area.
Finding a little Comb-fern Schizaea bifida was exciting.
Scattered specimens of Thatch Saw-sedge Gahnia radula displaying black-brown plumed flower-heads are always a delight to see.
We had a GPS on the walk so that we could accurately plot any plants of the notorious Boneseed Chrysanthemoides monilifera, but it was conspicuous by its absence, well done weeders.
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Four of the buildings were in the north: the Wenyuan Library in the Forbidden City; the Wensu Library in the old Qing capital in Shengjing, now Shenyang City (formerly Fengtian City) of Liaoning Province (formerly Fengtian Province, or loosely Manchuria); the Wenyuan Library in the Imperial Garden, or Yuanming Yuan, in Beijing; and the Wenjin Library in the imperial summer retreat at Rehe, now Chengde in Hebei Province.
In 1925 the authorities of Fengtian requested the return of the copy.
In January of that year, the Fengtian Committee for Protecting SKQS hired a curator for the books and a servant for the curator.
In a meeting in late September 1927, the Fengtian Education Association promulgated seven regulations for opening the library to visitors:
Fengtianjiu huang gong huang ling jiang kai fang" [The old Qing Palace and Mausoleum ill Fengtian will open to public], SJRB, February 22, 1927, p.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.freethesaurus.com/Fengtian
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A healthy lifestyle will help you in more ways than you can count, starting with making you feel better. However, it does happen that we end up with unhealthy lifestyle habits due to the hustle and bustle of our daily lives. There will come a moment when you have an epiphany and decide to make lifestyle changes.
But this is not going to happen overnight. As it’s said, it takes 21 days to make something a habit, and 90 days to make it a lifestyle choice.
7 tips to kickstart a healthy lifestyle
While you will not be able to make concrete changes to your lifestyle overnight, there are certain tips that will allow you to steadily adopt a healthier lifestyle.
1) Select your goal
You cannot make a lifestyle change without understanding your goal. If your goal is to eat cleaner, you have to change your grocery list. If you want to be fitter, you have to change your daily routine. So first figure out what type of healthy lifestyle changes you want to move towards.
2) Pick the type of change
Now, let’s assume you have chosen to eat healthier. Therefore, instead of changing your entire grocery list, start small. Pick some of your eating habits that you can change almost immediately.
For example, cut down on sugar. Make a conscious choice not to add any sugar-filled beverages or snacks to your grocery list. You can continue to make small changes as and when one change becomes a habit.
3) Make a commitment
If you want to eat healthier and have decided to start by cutting out sugar, you need to commit to yourself. A healthy lifestyle will only become a possibility when you stay true to yourself. If you find yourself craving sugar, find healthier choices such as a protein bar or a sugar-free beverage.
4) Find a reason to stick to the change
Now, if you lack a reason to make the change, you will not be able to stick to it. Hence, if you have decided to eat healthier, cut down on sugar, and begun using healthy alternatives, it’s time to add a reason.
A healthy lifestyle requires some form of workout. Therefore, you can add an hour of morning runs to your routine. You will not want to discard the benefits of the entire run by consuming sugar, which will enable you to cut down on sugar further from the diet. Additionally, this will motivate you to make further changes to your diet to keep up with your goals.
5) Eliminate all possible obstacles
When you make changes towards a healthy lifestyle, you will run into obstacles. For healthy eating, you can start by eliminating all forms of sugar-filled products at home. Cleaning the pantry can help you focus on shelving it with better choices. Obstacles are often the reason why individuals fall off the wagon.
6) Add more goals to your list
Once you have successfully achieved your first goal, while you continue that, add more goals to it. For example, you can add a four-day workout every week to your healthy lifestyle routine. Not only will this enhance your healthier choices, but it will also allow you to work on your physique along with your diet.
7) Reward yourself
As humans, we will always react positively to rewards. So, when you reward yourself after achieving something, it helps you with your mental peace and brain health. So, you can reward yourself with something you have been craving since the beginning after you successfully cut out sugar from your diet. However, this is a cheat reward. Do not get into the habit of having sugar again.
Tips to adopt a healthy lifestyle
While you know the simple steps you want to take, here are some tips that will help you during the journey.
Don't be overly hard on yourself: You are bound to fail during the initial phase. That’s okay. The only way to ensure you do not fail is to never give up. Don't be overly critical towards yourself, and allow yourself to make mistakes as long as you learn from them.
Don’t become overambitious: It might seem like you can cut out all unhealthy habits overnight, but it does not work that way. It may work for a day or two but sooner or later you will give up. It’s better to start off slow before making the changes more intense.
Hydrate yourself: Water will be your best friend when you make lifestyle changes. You will find yourself being able to cope up with the changes better if you constantly hydrate yourself. Keep drinking water at regular intervals even if you do not feel thirsty.
Keep the above pointers in mind and you are ready to move towards a healthy lifestyle!
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Dohány Street Synagogue - Rumbach Street - Király Street - Gozsdu Courtyard - Kazinczy Street - Vasvári Pál Street - Klauzál tér - Wesselényi utca - Dohány Street Synagogue
Time: This walk will take about 2 hours. Add 2-3 hours if you plan to visit the Great Synagogue and some of the museums.
Getting to the Great Synagogue: Take subway (M2) or streetcar No. 47 or No. 49 to Astoria, which is the nearest stop to the synagogue. Walk along Károly körút to Dohány utca, the first street on the right and you will see the synagogue.
Leg 1 - The Great Synagogue in Dohány Street
This walk starts at the largest Synagogue in Europe and the second largest in the world, built between 1854 and 1859 in Moorish Revival style. The synagogue is still used by Budapest's Jewish community. The buildings and the courtyards of the Synagogue include the Jewish Museum, the Heroes' Temple, the Jewish Cemetery and the Raoul Wallenberg Memorial Park.
The Holocaust Memorial, a weeping willow tree (by Imre Varga) with the names of Hungarian Jews killed during the Holocaust inscribed on each leaf, is located in the Raoul Wallenberg Memorial Park, and is visible from Wesselényi Street. Also part of the memorial are four red marble plates, commemorating 240 non-Jewish Hungarians who helped save Jews during the Holocaust. Among the heroic figures were Carl Lutz, Swiss and Raoul Wallenberg, Swedish diplomats, who rescued thousands of Jews.
Leg 2 - Great Synagogue to Rumbach Street Synagogue
Continue your walk along Wesselényi utca and turn left on Rumbach utca. The Carl Lutz Memorial will be on your right, near the corner of Rumbach utca, at 10 Dob utca, located on the wall. Half a block farther along Rumbach utca is the exquisitely beautiful Rumbach Street Synagogue. Built in 1872, patterned and painted in Islamic style, today it is more like a museum as it is not a functioning synagogue.
Leg 3 - Rumbach Street Synagogue to Gozsdu Courtyard
Continue on Rumbach utca and take a right onto Király utca. Király utca, also known as Budapest's Design Street, forms the northern border of the historic Jewish District. At 11 Király utca, you will see the entrance to Gozsdu Courtyard (Gozsdu Udvar), a long series of connected courtyards. The houses served as a passageway between Király utca and Dob utca, with apartments on the top floors, and small shops and workshops on the ground floor. Recently, Gozsdu Courtyard was converted into a modern residential complex with some great restaurants, pubs and outdoor cafés. The place comes alive every Sunday from March to October during the Gozsdu Bazaar (GOUBA), a popular weekly Sunday market. Walk through Gozsdu Courtyard.
Leg 4 - Gozsdu Courtyard to Kazinczy Street Synagogue
At the Dob utca end of Gozsdu Courtyard is the Spinoza House, a café, restaurant and theater. Continue your walk on Dob utca and take a right onto Kazinczy utca. The Orthodox Synagogue is only a short walk away on Kazinczy utca, located at No. 29-31. This Synagogue was built in 1913 in the Hungarian Art Nouveau style. There is a lively courtyard in its center.
Leg 5 - Kazinczy Street Synagogue to Vasvári Pál Street Synagogue
Turn around and walk along Kazinczy utca to Király utca. Continue your walk to Vasvári Pál utca on your left. Built in 1887 in Neo-Gothic and Neo-Renaisance style, the synagogue at 5 Vasvári Pál Street is hidden in a courtyard surrounded by residential buildings. Renovated in the 1990s the synagogue and the adjacent complex is used by the Chabad-Lubavitch movement as a gathering place and school for Judaic studies.
Leg 6 - Vasvári Pál Street Synagogue to Klauzál tér
Continue your walk on Király utca followed by Kis Diófa utca until you reach Klauzál tér, the district's largest square. Take a stroll through Klauzál Square Market Hall (Klauzál téri piac), one of the five large market halls in the city. The legendary Kádár Restaurant is also located in in the square, close to the entrance of the market. It is one of those small places where homemade food is served, tables are shared and there are only a few dishes to choose from. A great spot for lunch.
Leg 7 - Klauzál tér to Dohány utca
To return to the Great Synagogue follow along Nagy Diófa utca and turn right on Wesselényi utca. At Kazinczy utca you will find the Museum of Electrotechnics and at 7 Wesselényi utca you'll find the recently renovated building of the Goldmark Hall, home to the Hungarian Jewish Archives, a concert hall and a permanent exhibition dedicated to the history of Pest's former Jewish Quarter. The exhibit, called 'Rosenthal Lived Here', gives you an insight into everyday life in the Jewish Quarter through photos, personal belongings and various household items.
To return to the Great Synagogue follow along Wesselényi utca.
Places to stop for a coffee, a drink or a meal:
Printa (Rumbach utca 10)
Fröhlich Pastry Shop (Dob utca 22)
Kádár (Klauzál tér 9)
Kőleves (Kazinczy utca 41)
Kőleves Kert (Kazinczy utca 37-39)
Macesz Huszár (Dob utca 26)
Szimpla Kert (Kazinczy utca 14)
Szóda Café & Bar (Wesselényi utca 18)
Café Noé (Wesselényi utca 13)
Kuplung (Király utca 46)
Spíler (Király utca 13)
Kolor (Király utca 13)
Fausto's Osteria (Dohány utca 5)
Doblo Wine Bar (Dob utca 20)
Looking for Kosher restaurants?
Restaurant Carmel (Kazinczy utca 31)
Restaurant Hanna (Dob utca 35)
Fröhlich Pastry Shop (Dob utca 22)
Cari Mama (Kazinczy utca 28)
This guide is available as a free download (top of page). Click here for more Budapest PDF Guides.
Map of Jewish Quarter Walking Tour
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ABC News consultant Dr. Michael Welner, one of America's top forensic psychiatrists, looks at the psychology and myths of mob violence/looting, why it spreads and how to prevent it.
How does mob violence happen, and how does it spread?
Mob violence, including looting, typically ignites with little planning. Many who join are young people attracted to excitement and the lure of defying authority. Typically, a small percentage of hardened criminal characters are found in mobs; they do have an important role in instigating the unbridled lawlessness and setting the vicious tone of its chaos. Alcohol is an important lubricant to fire-setting and other destructiveness for the sake of destroying.
People do not loot alone; mob violence and mayhem in groups diminish a sense in actors that they are accountable for robbery. Each looks around and sees the person next to him throwing a brick or Molotov cocktail, stealing and with no resistance from authority. And the atmosphere and mentality spread among those who are stimulation and thrill seeking, like flames.
Looting and violence typically perpetuate and even are copied elsewhere when the media and public authority explain away the behavior as "anger" and "disenchantment" by "disaffected youth." Such messages carry with them an entitlement that legitimizes lawlessness. A famous example of this was New York Mayor David Dinkins' response to Crown Heights rioters in Brooklyn in 1991. As marauders terrorized a neighborhood, Dinkins restrained police response with the explanation that rioters "needed to vent."
France's 2005 riots brought responses from academics and pundits of how this devolved behavior reflected poor opportunity for unintegrated youth. These sympathetic portrayals of criminal activity engender free-for-alls and loosen controls of others who might otherwise deliberate whether to break the law and join the mayhem. When institutions fail to repudiate pillaging, it lasts longer and gains momentum from others who are generally selfish but who would not otherwise engage in criminality. The opportunities of enabled chaos sweep people beyond their inhibitions to turn businesses into personal commissaries and piggy banks.
What are important myths about mob violence and looting?
That mob violence and looting equate with protest and are motivated by a quest for social change. Prosocial individuals willing to risk their safety by assembly and protest are evolved enough to know that they gain nothing for their causes by robbing from small businesses that serve their communities. So they don't do it, even when they are angriest. The figure standing in front of a tank at Tiananmen Square risked his own self with the military. He and his compatriots did not loot local businesses and attack others indiscriminately.
Rioters who rampaged in genteel Vancouver this year erupted after the Stanley Cup was lost; and in Detroit in 1984 after the World Series was won. Rioters at G-8 summits are essentially anarchists, advocates of chaos rather than social change. They exploit the likelihood that if they cause a disturbance, a feckless reporter will go searching for their grievance and give justification to others to join their "venting." It really is the case that some young people find excitement in creating mayhem, and instigators use a pretext to set things off.
Poverty is likewise not the cause of looting. Poverty is widespread in China and Russia. Mob violence and looting are nowhere to be found. Poverty is widespread in Africa and Asia, but mob violence and looting correlate only with gangs who amass arms and have the resources to rob those poorer than those gangs. Poverty did not cause anarchy during Hurricane Katrina, a natural disaster overwhelming a city's resources did, along with criminal elements taking advantage of such disaster-inspired chaos.
Likewise, it is a myth that hopelessness instigates mob violence. Hopelessness engenders passivity, the opposite of violence.
When looting and mob violence events are reported as "people vs. government," such a message only feeds a public sense of identification with looters and their own willingness to participate. At the same time, this message engenders insecurity and a sense that government is losing control among the law abiding and further traumatizes a community.
Are you suggesting that mob violence and looting can be prevented?
Absolutely. It is instructive to see that mob violence does not occur everywhere, even in societies that have access to weapons and in which mass demonstration is permitted. Mass assembly is not the problem.
Fundamental to eliminating mob violence is to first identify it as criminality, rather than a social phenomenon. That responsibility rests upon elected leaders, community leaders, teachers, parents, mass media and police.
A brutal police force is not the solution. Nor is mere arrest. For perpetrators recognize that legal consequences of looting and destruction of property are limited, especially amid chaos. But there are other societal tools available to eliminate this behavior.
The media should emphasize the vulnerability and pathos of those victimized by random mob violence and looting. From the 89-year-old shopowner whose premises are destroyed to the friendly bystander who is pummeled into a fractured skull and irreversible brain damage, vivid examples of the senseless byproducts of mob violence and looting nurture a community's resolve to prevent them. The mass media can be particularly effective in massing empathy for these unfortunate victims of circumstance and in mobilizing public outrage toward those who unravel the fabric of daily order.
Amid this focus from the mass media, local communities have to reject looting as a shame to the community and repulsive behavior that embarrasses them. If this rejection occurs loudly in houses of worship, in schools, and among neighbors, then police and public officials can leverage such societal morals by exposing looters upon arrest and shaming them before their neighbors.
Yes, name names; of looters, their parents, their communities, name even the gang to which they might belong.
Perpetrator walks and publicizing the identities of looters amid a community rejection of looting humiliates the perpetrator. It creates a powerful disincentive where courts and justice cannot. And it punctures the anonymity of group violence in a way that gives prospective looters pause for that risk. Such a police policy is especially easy to achieve in England, given the proliferation of high-grade security cameras all across London and other cities.
Because many looters are young people, identifying the communities from which they originate is psychologically sound. To do so does not cause prejudice; the general public knows what is going on and is not fooled by political correctness.
Why is shame such an effective deterrent?
Rioters and looters make such choices only because the group affords them anonymity, and the scope of destruction makes their actions banal. Most people who loot and riot would never do so unless they were one of an anonymous crowd. Their mayhem remains in fantasy. They act in a group because they know they won't be exposed.
Rioters and looters have no respect for society or other faceless victims. But they are selfish enough to be sensitive to shaming themselves or their loved ones.
Parents have to assume greater responsibility in controlling their children. All too often, parents tacitly approve when junior brings home a TV set that "someone gave to me." When families and communities are identified, pressure builds within the community to control its own renegade elements to avoid bringing unwanted attention and shame.
Even gangs who are embarrassed by the actions of one particular outlaw will double down on elements that bring unwanted attention to criminal enterprises that prefer to operate away from scrutiny.
When it comes to mob control, the answers must begin within the self, the family, the community in addition to the police. The media and public institutions can inspire such vital self-restraint by how they establish societal red lines, including that which makes preying upon one's neighbor unacceptable.
Racist speech has been eliminated through public shaming; the level of scorn and repudiation directed toward ignorant epithets ruins careers and isolates people at all socioeconomic strata. It's time to learn from this example to contain another such scourge, mob violence and looting, before it continues to be emulated by opportunists elsewhere.
Forensic psychiatrist Dr. Michael Welner is chairman of The Forensic Panel and an associate professor of psychiatry at NYU School of Medicine. He has been the principal forensic psychiatrist in some of the most complex cases of recent years, including Andrea Yates' child-killing, Elizabeth Smart's kidnapper, wrestler David Benoit's psychological autopsy and the testamentary fitness of Hong Kong billionaire Nina Wang. Welner is also coordinating landmark research of an evidence-driven Depravity Standard measure to assess the worst of crimes, which invites direct participation of the general public.
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Pandora's Cluster - The merging galaxy cluster Abell 2744
This image of galaxy cluster Abell 2744 combines data from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope's Advanced Camera for Surveys, with an image taken with the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope (VLT). Hubble provides the central, most detailed part of the image, while the VLT, which has a wider field of view, provides the outer parts of the image.
This object has been nicknamed Pandora's Cluster because of the many different and strange phenomena that were unleashed by a huge collision that occurred over a period of 350 million years. A simultaneous pile-up between at least four separate clusters has produced strange effects that have never been seen together before.
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Health Resources for Seniors
AARP Health Guide - Web sites for older adults, searchable by topics like health, work, free time.
Care Guide - Describes services and provides links to articles and resources regarding care of elderly. Includes a Care Guide Assessment with relevant information and links.
Caregivers' Resources - Find a nursing home, assisted living, or hospice; check your eligibility for benefits; get resources for long-distance caregiving; review legal issues; and find support for caregivers. From the U.S. government's official portal.
Eldercare Locator - The Eldercare Locator is designed to help older adults and their families and caregivers find their way through the maze of services for seniors by identifying trustworthy local support resources. It is administered in partnership with the National Association of Area Agencies on Aging.
Health for Seniors - Find doctors and healthcare facilities, get Medicare and Medicaid resources, lookup information about prescription drugs, and more.
Medicare - Official government site with up-to-date information on all aspects of Medicare and the prescription plan coverage.
MedLine Plus - MedlinePlus is the National Institutes of Health's Web site for patients and their families and friends. Produced by the National Library of Medicine, the world’s largest medical library, it brings you information about diseases, conditions, and wellness issues in language you can understand. MedlinePlus offers reliable, up-to-date health information, anytime, anywhere, for free.
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Many companies that specialize in uPVC windows and doors in Delhi and around the country are opting for German quality in their major product range. This is mainly because German windows have to abide by an entirely different set of legal manufacturing rules as compared to windows made elsewhere. German consumer laws require stringent quality controls and guaranteed longevity for most products. Many windows and doors currently sold in the UK and other countries are made at very low standards. They use poor quality materials and are often manufactured without keeping any standards in mind. Seals not meeting in the corners of the windows; corners on the windows not aligning; being able to see daylight between the frame and opener are common issues with such windows.
More Stable and Desirable
German Building Regulations are also much firmer than other countries, so their requirements for energy efficiency are much higher and desirable. The German quality doors and windows are, in general, much better and abide by German manufacturing standards which are driven by long term legislation, plays a key role in the same. The grade or the level of the material used is often the highest possible quality available. Most of the German quality doors and windows have a life expectancy of 50-60 years and in this time, it is rare to have a problem. Most German Made products have 3 to 4 seals in the frame, and these are continuous even at the corners of the windows. A non-broken seal is maintained, which is airtight and more energy efficient. Seals are also important in your windows.
Strive to Install the Highest Quality
Different types of corner, sliding and arch design windows and doors are made keeping similar principles in mind. Companies that deal with uPVC windows India are focusing on a target audience which strives to install the highest quality, most durable and long lasting ones for their homes and office purpose. German quality, being on top, is becoming the go-to for all such organizations at a rising pace.
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Summary and Info
New Urbanism and American Planning presents the history of American planners’ quest for good cities and shows how New Urbanism is a culmination of ideas that have been evolving since the nineteenth century. In her survey of the last hundred or so years of urbanist ideals, Emily Talen identifies four approaches to city-making, which she terms ‘cultures’: incrementalism, plan-making, planned communities, and regionalism. She shows how these cultures connect, overlap, and conflict and how most of the ideas about building better settlements are recurrent. In the first part of the book Talen sets her theoretical framework and in the second part provides detailed analysis of her four ‘cultures’.She concludes with an assessment of the successes and failures of the four cultures and the need to integrate these ideas as a means to promoting good urbanism in America.
More About the Author
In algebraic geometry, the étale topology is a Grothendieck topology on the category of schemes which has properties similar to the Euclidean topology, but unlike the Euclidean topology, it is also defined in positive characteristic.
Review and Comments
Rate the Book
New Urbanism and American Planning: The Conflict of Cultures (Planning, History and the Environment) 0 out of 5 stars based on 0 ratings.
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Phrasal verb list
A simple list of phrasal verbs for students who are in a hurry to learn just a few basic verbs.
Be off.- 1 Be cancelled: The meeting is off. 2 Leave: I'll be off, then. See you later.
Be over.- Be finished: My holidays are nearly over.
Be up to.- 1 Be somebody's responsibility: It's up to him to make that decision. 2 Be doing or thinking of doing something bad: I knew Paul was up to no good.
Blow up.- 1 Explode: A suicide bomber blew himself up near a crowded market. 2 Inflate: More volunteers are needed to blow up the balloons. 3 Become angry: He blew up when a reporter asked him about his drinking.
Break down.- 1 Stop working: Sorry I'm late. The car broke down on the way here. 2 Lose control and cry: He broke down and admitted that he couldn't cope with the situation.
Break up.- End: The couple argued constantly and finally broke up.
Bring up.- Take care of children until they're adults: He was brought up by his aunt.
Brush up.- Revise something you've partly forgotten: I want to brush up my English because I haven't studied it for 5 years.
Call back.- Return a phone call or call later: Just leave your contact information below, and we will call you back as soon as possible.
Calm down.- Relax: Don't get so angry! Just calm down.
Carry out.- Do a task: According to a survey carried out in 1999 one in five Britons are now opting for alternative medicine.
Catch up.- Reach somebody or reach certain level: She tried to catch up with the other competitors, but they were just too fast.
Check in.- Report that you have arrived at a hotel or airport: We checked into the hotel a little after midnight.
Check out.- 1 Check that something is true: Don't forget to check out the information. 2 Pay your bill and leave: After breakfast, I checked out of the hotel.
Cheer up.- Feel happier: I took him to the party because he needed cheering up.
Come across.- Find by chance: I came across an old friend in the street.
Come on.- Make progress: How's dinner coming on? I'm starving.
Come round.- 1 Visit: Would you like to come round on Saturday? We'll be in all day. 2 Recover conciousness: I had no idea what had happened to me when I came round.
Come up with.- 1 Think of: You're going to have to come up with something to tell her. 2 Produce: It was impossible for me to come up with the money that was needed by Friday.
Cut down.- Reduce: You should at least cut down on the amount you smoke.
Cut off.- Disconnect: We were cut off in the middle of our telephone conversation.
Do up.- Improve: I spent a month doing up the flat and I think it's quite nice now.
Drop off.- 1 Fall asleep: The girl was so tired that she dropped off to sleep at once. 2 Take somebody in your car: Come on. I'll drop you off at your flat.
Fall over.- Fall to the ground: She slipped on the ice and fell over.
Fill in.- Complete: She gave me a form and told me to fill it in.
Fall out.- Stop being friends: They fell out and didn't talk to each other for nine months.
Fill up.- Become full: Places are filling up fast on courses starting in the new year.
Find out.- Discover: She's going to find out sooner or later.
Get in.- 1 Enter: Get into the car. We're leaving. 2 Arrive: Can you tell Mr Harrison to phone me as soon as he gets in?
Get off.- Leave a vehicle: Just as we got off the bus, it started to rain.
Get on.- 1 Have a good relationship: David's nice, but I don't get on with Mark. 2 Go aboard a vehicle: I got on the train and travelled all the way to Kings Cross.
Get out.- 1 Leave: A security guard told him to get out. 2 Become known: Word got out that a nuclear submarine was coming into port.
Get over.- Recover: She's slowly getting over her illness.
Get up.- Get out of bed: She gets up at seven every morning.
Give away.- Give something for free: I had a lot of books I didn't want to keep so I gave them away to a friend.
Give out.- Distribute: Her job is to answer questions and give out leaflets.
Give up.- Stop trying to do something or stop using something: Eating healthfully does not mean you have to give up everything that you enjoy.
Go off.- 1 Explode: The bomb went off just metres from the market entrance. 2 Not good anymore: Put the milk in the fridge or it will go off.
Go through.- Pass: We're sure that you will get through your exam.
Grow up.- Develop from child to adult: He grew up in a small village in the country.
Hold on.- Wait: All our lines are busy, but please hold on.
Hold up.- 1 Delay: The march held up traffic in the city centre but there was no trouble or arrests. 2 Rob: He was held up at gunpoint.
Lay off.- Sack: They will have to lay off some of their staff.
Let down.- Disappoint: I was supposed to travel with a friend but she let me down at the last moment.
Let off.- 1 Not punish or punish lightly: She was let off with a fine. 2 Make something explode: Make sure you let off fireworks in an open space.
Look after.- Take care: He's looking after the children.
Look forward to.- Be excited about something that's going to happen: I'm looking forward to the concert.
Look up.- Search for information: He looked up all the new words in the dictionary.
Make up.- Invent: I'm not making it up. It's true.
Own up.- Admit you've done something wrong: After 3 days in the police station he finally owned up and admitted that he had committed the crime.
Pick up.- 1 Lift someone or something: I couldn't even begin to pick it up, it was too heavy. 2 Collect: I'll pick you up at your house at seven. 3 Win: Cameron Diaz picked up two awards for Charlie's Angels.
Put away.- 1 Put something where it's usually kept: After they use something, it's their responsibility to put it away. 2 Eat or drink: I can put away quite a few pints of Guinness. 3 Save: He's put away a decent sum of money. 4 Send to prison: I hope he gets put away for life.
Put down.- Stop holding: He finished the book and put it down on the table.
Put off.- Do later: Let's put off the meeting until Monday.
Put on.- Wear: Put on your coat. It's cold.
Put out.- Extinguish: Please, put out your cigarette.
Put up with.- Accept an unpleasant behaviour or situation: His children play their music so loud - I don't know how he puts up with it.
Run out.- Use something until it's finished: Oh no! We're running out of petrol.
Sell out.- Sell something until it's finished: Last year, reportedly, all 40,000 of these tickets sold out in the first 40 minutes.
Set off.- Start a journey: They set off early in the morning.
Set up.- Start or prepare something: The Government is expected to set up an inquiry into allegations of corruption.
Settle down.- Start living a quiet life somewhere: At the age of 32, he decided to stop travelling and settle down in a quiet town in England.
Slow down.- Become slow or slower. Move more slowly: If you don't slow down, you will have an accident.
Sort out.- Find a solution: There's nothing more you can do. You should let the lawyers sort it out.
Speak up.- Speak in a loud voice. Speak without hesitation: I'm sorry, I can't hear you very well. Could you speak up?
Take after.- Be like or look like a member of your family: She takes after her dad.
Take off.- Remove your clothes: He was hot so he took off his jacket.
Take up.- Develop an interest: The children have taken up tennis and they're really enjoying it.
Tell off.- Speak angrily to somebody when they have done something wrong: I came home late and my mother told me off.
Throw away.- Get rid of something: Don't throw away that magazine. I want to keep it.
Turn down.- 1 Reduce the volumen: Could you turn down the music, please? 2 Not accept: Pamela turned down his offer of marriage.
Turn off.- Disconnect: Please turn off the lights.
Turn on.- Start or connect: As soon as I got downstairs I turned on the television.
Turn over.- Change something so that it faces a different direction: Turn the paper over and reload it to print on the other side.
Turn up.- 1 Appear: I was so happy when you turned up! 2 Increase the volumen or intensity: Could you turn up the radio, please?
Wake up.- 1 Stop sleeping: Don't wake up the baby. 2 Become aware: One day they will wake up to the truth.
Wear out.- 1 Make you tired: The heat was starting to wear me out. 2 Damage something after long use: Contact lenses wear out with time and should be replaced regularly.
Work out.- 1 Be successful or find a solution: I'm sorry things haven't worked out for you. 2 Do exercise to get fit: I work out in a gym because it helps to reduce stress.
Write out.- Write something in detail or complete the information on something: Ring me when it is ready and I will write out a cheque.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.phrasalverbdemon.com/list.htm
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Today marks the first day of our #healthyhabits challenge that Listerine and TheMotherhood have asked me to take part in. As a mom it’s my job to make sure my family is always happy and healthy.
I hate to admit it but as a child my parents didn’t put a huge emphasis on oral care. My sister and I were definitely told to brush our teeth but if we forgot it was never a “big deal” . When I became a mom I knew there would be a lot of challenges and a big one I was determined to get right was making sure my kids knew great oral care.
Here are some dental facts I had learned that convinced me more than ever that succeeding at this challenge is a necessity:
- Brushing alone only cleans 25% of the germs in your mouth.
- 75% of adults suffer from some form of gum disease
- 50% of children have their first cavity or filling between the ages of 5 and 9 years old.
- It is recommended that a child should visit a pediatric dentist as soon as his or her first tooth erupts.
- It is recommended that parents begin to floss their children’s teeth as soon as there are two adjacent teeth.
Now that Makenna is 7 I have noticed that she loves using her Reach kids toothbrush before I even have to ask her to brush. She’s great at brushing her teeth the correct way for 2+ minutes. My daughter doesn’t use floss yet because she’s not old enough but her teeth are pretty spacey right now since she’s missing a couple so I don’t see much food sticking in-between there, haha. But Makenna does use her Listerine Smart Rinse mouthwash so anything extra left from brushing we definitely get with the color indicating wash.
Over the next 3 weeks this challenge will help me focus more on Kendall’s oral care since she has most of her teeth now. We need to get into a routine with her because we definitely forget to brush her teeth often.
For tips about how to improve oral care habits for your family, visit Walmart.com, who is doing their part by selling Listerine and Reach products at very affordable prices.
Disclosure: I received products and compensation from Johnson & Johnson and The Motherhood
as part of my participation in the Oral Care Challenge. All thoughts and opinions expressed in this post are my own.
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CC-MAIN-2016-44
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http://doubledutymommy.com/2012/02/our-listerine-healthy-habits-pre-challenge.html/
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MOSCOW (Reuters) – Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev said that Moscow was ready to keep gas transit through Ukraine after 2019, despite the construction of Nord Stream 2 pipeline, which is to be built in the Baltic Sea.
Medvedev, who is on a trip to Europe, said in an interview with Luxemburger Wort newspaper, published late on Monday, that Russia can use Ukraine for gas transit in the future “under certain conditions.”
“I underline this particularly: we don’t reject transit through existing pipelines… We are ready to maintain gas transit through Ukrainian pipelines after 2019,” he was quoted as saying.
“Of course, under certain conditions … They are a settlement between interested companies, favourable economic and commercial parameters of the deal as well as a stable political situation,” Medvedev said.
Russia’s planned doubling of capacity on the Nord Stream pipeline across the Baltic Sea to Germany could help Moscow bypass exports via Ukraine. That would deny Kiev transit fees.
Russia is involved in a conflict with Kiev over the annexation of Crimea and breakaway regions in Ukraine’s east.
(Reporting by Vladimir Soldatkin, writing by Maria Tsvetkova. Editing by Jane Merriman)
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.euronews.com/2019/03/04/russia-ready-to-ship-gas-via-ukraine-despite-new-pipeline-report
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|
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Action and adventure films
Science fiction films
Video recordings for the hearing impaired
Video recordings for people with visual disabilities
|Named Person:||Thor, (Norse deity); Captain America, (Fictitious character); Hulk, (Fictitious character); Captain America, (Fictitious character); Hulk, (Fictitious character); Thor, (Norse deity)|
|Document Type:||Visual material|
|All Authors / Contributors:||
Joss Whedon; Zak Penn; Kevin Feige; Seamus McGarvey; James Chinlund; Jeffrey Ford, (Film editor); Lisa Lassek; Alexandra Byrne; Alan Silvestri; Robert Downey, Jr.; Chris Evans; Mark Ruffalo; Chris Hemsworth; Scarlett Johansson; Jeremy Renner; Tom Hiddleston; Stellan Skarsgård; Samuel L Jackson; Marvel Studios,; Paramount Pictures Corporation,; Marvel Entertainment Group,; Buena Vista Home Entertainment (Firm),
|Language Note:||English, dubbed French, or dubbed Spanish dialogue; optional subtitles French or Spanish; English subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing; described video; closed-captioned in English.|
|Notes:||Videodisc release of the 2012 motion picture.
Bonus features: Commentary by director Joss Whedon; Featurette: Assembling the ultimate team.
|Credits:||Director of photography, Seamus McGarvey ; production designer, James Chinlund ; editors, Jeffrey Ford, Lisa Lassek ; costume designer, Alexandra Byrne ; music, Alan Silvestri.|
|Cast:||Robert Downey, Jr., Chris Evans, Mark Ruffalo, Chris Hemsworth, Scarlett Johansson, Jeremy Renner, Tom Hiddleston, Stellan Skarsgård, Samuel L. Jackson.|
|Target Audience:||MPAA rating: PG-13; for intense sequences of sci-fi violence and action throughout, and a mild drug reference.|
|Description:||1 videodisc (approximately 143 min.) : sound., color ; 4 3/4 in.|
|Details:||DVD, NTSC, region 1, widescreen (1.78:1, 16x9) presentation; Dolby Digital 5.1, 2.0.|
|Other Titles:||Marvel's The Avengers (Motion picture : 2012)
|Responsibility:||Marvel Studios presents in association with Paramount Pictures ; a Marvel Studios production ; a Joss Whedon film ; produced by Kevin Feige ; story by Zak Penn and Joss Whedon ; screenplay by Joss Whedon ; directed by Joss Whedon.|
Nick Fury of S.H.I.E.L.D. brings together a team of superhumans to form The Avengers to help save the Earth from Loki and his army.
Retrieving notes about this item
- Thor -- (Norse deity) -- Drama.
- Captain America -- (Fictitious character) -- Drama.
- Hulk -- (Fictitious character) -- Drama.
- Captain America -- (Fictitious character)
- Hulk -- (Fictitious character)
- Thor -- (Norse deity)
- Avengers (Fictitious characters) -- Drama.
- Iron Man (Fictitious character) -- Drama.
- Fury, Nick (Fictitious character) -- Drama.
- Superheroes -- Drama.
- Good and evil -- Drama.
- Avengers (Fictitious characters)
- Fury, Nick (Fictitious character)
- Good and evil.
- Iron Man (Fictitious character)
- Spanish language materials.
- French language materials.
User lists with this item (18)
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by ajshackelford updated 2015-11-05
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<urn:uuid:ca9d1fa4-994e-4ce6-90b3-c314bff7de98>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.worldcat.org/title/marvels-the-avengers/oclc/798373235®istryId=5725
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Albania's Ismail Kadare win top Spanish literature prize
Albanian writer Ismail Kadare was Wednesday awarded Spain's prestigious Prince of Asturias Prize for literature as "one of the greatest European writers and intellectuals of the 20th century."Madrid--"Narrator, essayist and poet, Kadare represents the pinnacle of Albanian literature and who, without forgetting his roots, has crossed frontiers to rise up as a universal voice against totalitarianism," the jury said.
"Regarded as one of the greatest European writers of the 20th century, his works have been translated into over forty languages."
Kadare said the award was a "great honour for a writer."
"I am really touched, even more since I have been nominated together with those who I really appreciate," Kadate told AFP.
Kadare, who lives in Paris and Tirana, said he has "worked and lived in a Stalinist, totalitarian country."
"I have always try to make a normal literature in an abnormal country such as Albania," he said.
"My greatest satisfaction is that my work was available to thousands of readers everywhere, this is the only real dream of a writer which I think can be realised," Kadare said.
Born in Albania in 1936, as a boy he witnessed World War II, the occupation of his country by Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, until 1944 when the communist dictatorship of Enver Hoxha was established in Albania.
In 1990, a few months before the collapse of the dictatorship, he left Albania to live in Paris, where he still resides.
"The central theme of his work, expressed in each of his books, is totalitarianism, its mechanisms and the complicities that make it possible," the jury said.
"This literary obsession reaches its climax in 'The Palace of Dreams', published in Albania in 1981, when the communist dictatorship still governed."
The Asturias foundation annually hands out eight awards in the fields of communication and humanities, scientific and technical research, social science, arts, letters, international cooperation, international understanding and sport.
Each of the awards is worth EUR 50,000 (USD 70,000).
Named after Crown Prince Felipe, the awards are presented in the northern Spanish city of Oviedo, capital of the Asturias region, at a glittering ceremony.
Last year's Asturias prize for literature award went to Canadian writer Margaret Atwood.
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<urn:uuid:808a7b59-6ae8-4f63-96c0-27402169ad02>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.expatica.com/es/news/Albanias-Ismail-Kadare-win-top-Spanish-literature-prize_162965.html
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| 0.968143
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The late Max Steiner was one of the true pioneers of the genre known as movie music. In fact, Steiner was awarded the very first Oscar citation ever given by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for his score for The Informer in 1935.
Born Maximilian Raoul Steiner in Vienna, Austria on May 10, 1888, Max grew up surrounded by music. A close family friend was Johann Strauss and both his father and grandfather were active Operetta producers. Steiner was trained in the classic European tradition, attending the Imperial Academy of Music in Vienna and completing the prescribed five?year program of courses in one and one half years and received the Academys Gold Medal. At 14, he wrote and conducted his first operetta, "Beautiful Greek Girl," which ran for a full year at The Orpheum Theater in Vienna.
In 1904, Steiner journeyed out of Austria for the first time, to England, where he conducted at Daly's Theater, The Adelphi Theater, The Hippodrome and the London Opera House. In 1914, Steiner accepted conducting stints in the Alhambra Theater in Paris and The Winter Garden in Blackpool.
Just prior to the opening of World War 1, Steiner accepted an invitation from the legendary Florenz Ziegfeld to come to America and conduct the Ziegfeld productions. Over the following years, he led many theater bands, toured, and became the chief orchestrator for Harms Music Company. At this leading music house in New York City, Max came into contact with some of America's best composers including Jerome Kern, Victor Herbert, Vincent Youmans, and George Gershwin, to name a few.
Achieving U.S. citizenship immediately following ?the close of the war, Steiner continued his busy schedule of conducting and brought his composing skills to the fore once again. In 1929, he moved west to become General Musical Director for RKO Studios, which resulted in a series of musical scores for such motion pictures as King Kong, Lost Patrol and The Informer.
In his journey through the world of Hollywood musicals, Steiner composed a veritable host of memorable scores for Casablanca, Since You Went Away, Tomorrow Is Forever, The Charge of the Light Brigade, Mildred Pierce, Now Voyager, Stolen Life and San Antonio among others.
Following his initial Oscar for The Informer he won two others for his scores for Now Voyager in 1943, and for Since You Went Away in 1945. Over the period of his Hollywood career, Max Steiner received 18 Academy Award nominations.
Interestingly enough, his most acclaimed work, the background score for Gone with the Wind, which included the most familiar of all his works, "Tara's Theme," never won an Oscar nor any other award. The entire score was written by Steiner-under special assignment from producer David Selznick-in less than three months time.
Max Steiner, arguably one of the 20th century's most distinguished composers, died December 28, 1971 at age 83.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.songwritershalloffame.org/exhibits/bio/C239
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To achieve this, companies have to ensure that rapid technological development becomes an advantage rather than an obstacle. Data that allows companies to make good decisions is available, and when the manager has easy access to it, he or she can make quick decisions, without having to fear that the basis for such decisions is wrong or flawed.
We have to be humble when faced with the fact that almost unbelievable developments in IT have meant that there is no longer anything to be gained from trying to predict the future. Development is simply moving far too fast for that. Instead, the answer is to invest significantly in day-to-day continuous development that focuses on the very latest technologies, such as public clouds, AI, big data or other elements of the digitalization process. This puts IT service providers in an important position, and they need to be able to discuss concrete solutions with their customers rather than potential scenarios that seldom or never come to pass.
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<urn:uuid:3b216976-b13b-4318-9a00-b60ac34fbbf8>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.basefarm.com/historic-data-is-an-insufficient-basis-for-making-good-decisions/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00067.warc.gz
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en
| 0.969568
| 186
| 1.710938
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|
Safety & quality
Hand hygiene in hospitals generally refers to the use of soap and water or other products (such as alcohol-based hand rub) by healthcare workers to clean their hands. The aim is for healthcare workers to perform hand hygiene correctly at every opportunity, for example, before and after touching a patient. Good hand hygiene is one of the most effective ways to minimise the risk of healthcare-associated infections, such as Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections.
The National Hand Hygiene InitiativeExternal link, opens in a new window.[http://www.hha.org.au] is being progressively implemented in Australian hospitals to improve hand hygiene. Hand hygiene in hospitals is measured through an audit process, in which trained observers watch for opportunities (called ‘moments’) when hand washing or cleaning ought to occur in order to ensure good infection control.
The national benchmark is for healthcare workers to clean their hands correctly in at least 70.0% of these ‘moments’ observed during an audit period at a hospital. A higher number of audited 'moments' will generate a more reliable compliance rate estimate. Methods will be developed to enable fair comparison of the estimated compliance rate with the national benchmark and with results achieved by other hospitals.
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<urn:uuid:9f66cfe4-9774-4621-a007-63c8ca446eac>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.myhospitals.gov.au/hospital/810000082/the-canberra-hospital/hand-hygiene
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Are you feeling a little bit of eco-anxiety? Here is how we tried to defeat it in this project with action and collaboration. It’s the story of how a group of “like-worried” people came together to try to make a sustainable, beautiful, Nepalese rug that wouldn’t cost the earth. And in the process, they tested how to change and inspire the industry one rug at a time, through materials, design, handcraft, and stories.
The year 2020 has just begun, but we’re already seeing the devastating impacts of the climate crisis, from destructive fires in Australia to deadly floods in Indonesia. Climate experts predict that by 2100, global temperatures could rise by three to five degrees Celsius and we might only have until 2030 to reverse this trend and avoid changes that might be irreversible.
In the middle of the climate, social and political crisis, more and more people claim to suffer from eco- or climate-anxiety, a new state of mind that seems to be growing uncontrollably out of fear and uncertainty about the future.
This is the setting the stage for the beginning of our adventure, but it’s also what motived all of us to try to cure humanity’s climate anxieties. Maybe it resonates with you and might be the antidote to your worries too.
So, the story starts when our team at Aquafil met Michael Christie over a year ago. He came to our plant to give a presentation about trends in handmade rugs. His first thought when we contacted him was, “What am I going to do at a synthetic fibers’ manufacturer?” Because Michael is better known as The Ruggist, among one of the most knowledgeable persons in the world of handmade rugs, high-end products mostly done with natural fibers.
And we, at Aquafil, are producers of synthetic fibers and especially the ECONYL® nylon, a regenerated yarn, also used in rugs, that comes from waste materials instead of oil.
At that meeting and in that visit in Italy, a couple of seeds of what then became this project were planted. From Michael’s presentation we discovered about a rug producer — Sarawagi Carpet — in Nepal that was doing incredible work and that was interested in using alternative sustainable fibers like our ECONYL® nylon. The other seed that we like to think was planted in Michael’s mind was that recycled synthetic fibers could be a material worth looking into, especially when sustainability concerns are at an all-time high.
Those seeds developed into the project to make a hand-knotted rug in Nepal by Sarawagi carpet, using ECONYL® regenerated nylon. The purpose was to create a more sustainable product that was made of recycled material but could also be recyclable afterwards.
So, a step back is needed here. ECONYL® is a special nylon that was invented by the Italian company Aquafil about nine years ago and has spread quickly in the fashion and in the design world. It is made from 100% waste materials like fishing nets, old carpets, plastic components and textile scraps. It’s regenerated from waste but also regenerable an infinite number of times without ever losing quality and its key performance aspects.
The background story of the ingredient, and especially the recovery of fishing nets, was what inspired the design of the rug in this project. And here is where Isobel Morris comes in.
Isobel is a British rug designer who loves interior design, surface patterns, and furniture. Her pieces are inspired by the amazing force of nature and the cool simplicity of mid-century design. Previously, she was a finalist for ‘young designer’, exhibiting her carpet, ‘Monach’ at Domotex in 2014. This year she designed the rug for our project.
In her words, “This new rug design emphasizes the detrimental impact on our oceans with a focus on the environmental sustainability of reusing textiles with a rug created 100% from waste (old carpets and fishing nets)”. Her vision, “Showcases the familiar sight of ocean ripples mirrored on the seabed with the tangle of fishing nets. Chilled turquoise blues with cool white tones and dramatic deep navy, with a zap of orange, bring to life the challenge of our polluted oceans”.
The two styles designed for this project by Isobel Morris.
People reacted very positively. In the words of Michael, “People were genuinely surprised at the texture of the rug. Both ‘Nylon Engulfed’ and the sample Sarawagi made for me. There is a bias against synthetics — which I was formerly guilty of possessing — that assumes the fiber to be cold, and lifeless to the hand. It is not and as the idiom states: ‘Don’t judge a book by its cover’”.
You can see some pictures from the beautiful installation at Domotex here and you can also catch up with all the “behind the scene” and technical information about the production of this rug in the five articles that Michael wrote about this project.
What have we learned?
As Michael said in this brief interview at Domotex, the beauty of this project is that we were different companies and people from different parts of the world and with different specialties that got together pushed by a common concern and were able to create something beautiful and more sustainable.
Later, I asked Michael to explain more about how this project impacted him.
“This project has inspired me to think differently about the problems the handknotted rug industry faces and to realize the solutions are likely not found in past models. New ways for doing things in a new era. With the phone in my hand this means that the solutions — as I said before — are likely to be found through diverse global collaboration. We could all be so lucky as to be involved in projects that bring us together instead of pushing us apart.
For me as an advocate for handknotted rugs, I have begun examining all aspects of their production asking the simple question: ‘What can be done better?”
A similar reaction comes from Shally Sarawagi, daughter of Dev Sarawagi and the initial driver behind the involvement of Sarawagi carpet in this project. As Michael reminds us, “Shally inspires me to be better in this regard. I have not yet met someone as passionate about righting what we’ve done wrong and who actively practices what they promote. Her commitment is an inspiration to me as I look at the environmental, social, and structural problems facing handknotted rugs happening in this era”.
Shally couldn’t join us at Domotex but she wrote us a note commenting on the results of this collaboration.
“As a company, and personally for me and my team, this project has led to a shift in perspective. Yes, we did care about the environment before. But now we have started questioning the sustainability of other practices of our business — materials used, dyeing, washing, packaging, and so on. By doing this I think we can encourage other Nepali companies to do the same. That is the goal”.
As a designer, Isobel was instead more intrigued by the possibility to not only choose a material for its sustainability feature but also for its aesthetics in the carpet. “Before this project I didn’t know that much about repurposed nylon and my main focus would be choosing a fabric that would impact the aesthetic of the rug, focusing on materials and craftsmanship that would display the best color and texture in line with my design. Being inspired by nature, I was excited to take part in this, although I did have some questions about how the color and texture of the rug would be impacted. Using recycled nylon has completely changed my outlook on materials — this sustainable material has made me keen to continue working with ECONYL® fabrics — why would we need to create new nylon when a sustainable source is available?”
So how do we revolutionize the industry and get rid of our eco-anxiety? Well, it’s a mix of aspects that, just like this project, needs to turn the focus on sustainable materials, design for remanufacturing, collaboration along the supply chain and openness to try to solve new problems with new solutions and concrete actions. And also, as Michael points out, we should all start from questions like this one that is now his new mantra, “Finally, the notion of circular-design is now 100% top of mind for me. So much so that it is almost the first question I ask of a new product. What is the intended disposition of this product at its end of use? Sadly, most people do not have an answer for this.”
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<urn:uuid:f58cca1a-44c7-4bcf-a4f7-a5edd65b577e>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.econyl.com/blog/sustainability-inspiration-one-hand-knot-at-a-time/
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en
| 0.967667
| 1,839
| 1.859375
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|
On 6 August 2015 a presidential decree was published announcing Portugal’s ratification of the Unified Patent Court (UPC) Agreement. In April, Portugal’s national parliament approved the UPC agreement, but it required presidential consent before it could be fully ratified. Now, subject to formal deposition of the instrument of ratification, Portugal will become the eighth EU member state to have ratified the Agreement, joining Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Luxembourg, Malta and Sweden.
A total of thirteen member states, which must include France, Germany and the UK, need to ratify the Agreement for it to enter into force. France has already ratified the Agreement and it is expected that Germany will begin work on the ratification process after the summer parliamentary recess. There has been speculation that UK ratification might be delayed due to the decision of the UK Government to hold a referendum by the end of 2017 on continued membership for the UK and Gibraltar of the European Union. However, the UK Intellectual Property Office has indicated that ratification will not be delayed and is expected by Q2 2016. Consistent with this, the UK Government today announced that it had taken a commercial lease of premises in the City of London to house the UK local division and the London branch of the central division. The premises will be ready for occupation by Q2 2016. This shows that the UK Government is starting to spend some hard cash on the project - which makes it all seem much more imminent.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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In Precalculus, Discrete Mathematics or Real Analysis, an arithmetic series is often used as a student’s first example of a proof by mathematical induction. Recall, from Wikipedia:
Mathematical induction is a method of mathematical proof typically used to establish a given statement for all natural numbers. It is done in two steps. The first step, known as the base case, is to prove the given statement for the first natural number. The second step, known as the inductive step, is to prove that the given statement for any one natural number implies the given statement for the next natural number. From these two steps, mathematical induction is the rule from which we infer that the given statement is established for all natural numbers.
The simplest and most common form of mathematical induction infers that a statement involving a natural number n holds for all values of n. The proof consists of two steps:
- The basis (base case): prove that the statement holds for the first natural number . Usually, or .
- The inductive step: prove that, if the statement holds for some natural number , then the statement holds for .
The hypothesis in the inductive step that the statement holds for some is called the induction hypothesis (or inductive hypothesis). To perform the inductive step, one assumes the induction hypothesis and then uses this assumption to prove the statement for .
As an inference rule, mathematical induction can be justified as follows. Having proven the base case and the inductive step, then any value can be obtained by performing the inductive step repeatedly. It may be helpful to think of the domino effect. Consider a half line of dominoes each standing on end, and extending infinitely to the right. Suppose that:
- The first domino falls right.
- If a (fixed but arbitrary) domino falls right, then its next neighbor also falls right.
With these assumptions one can conclude (using mathematical induction) that all of the dominoes will fall right.
Mathematical induction… works because is used to represent an arbitrary natural number. Then, using the inductive hypothesis, i.e. that is true, show is also true. This allows us to “carry” the fact that is true to the fact that is also true, and carry to , etc., thus proving holds for every natural number .
When students first encounter mathematical induction (in either Precalculus, Discrete Mathematics, or Real Analysis), the theorems that students are asked to prove usually fall into four categories:
- Calculating a series (examples below).
- Statements concerning divisibility (for example, proving that is always a factor of ).
- Finding a closed-form expression for a recursively defined sequence (for example, if and if , proving that )
- Statements concerning inequality (for example, proving that if )
Here’s a common first (or maybe second) example of mathematical induction applied to an arithmetic series.
Proof. Induction on .
: The left-hand is simply , while the right-hand side is , which is also equal to . So the base case works.
: Assume that the statement holds true for the integer .
. If I replace by in the statement of the theorem, then the right-hand side becomes
I find it helpful to describe this to students as my target. In other words, as I manipulate the left-hand side, my ultimate goal is to end up with this target. Once I have done that, then I have completed the proof.
If I replace by in the statement of the theorem, then the left-hand side will now end on instead of :
Notice that we’ve seen almost all of this before, except for the extra term . So we will substitute using the induction hypothesis, carrying the extra along for the ride.
Now our task is, by hook or by crook, using whatever algebraic tricks we can think of to convert this last expression into the target. Most students are completely comfortable doing this, although they typically multiply out the term unnecessarily. Indeed, many early proofs by induction are simplified by factoring out terms whenever possible — in the example below, is factored on the third step — as opposed to multiplying them out. In my experience, proofs by induction often serve as a stringent test of students’ algebra skills as opposed to their skills in abstract reasoning.
In any event, here’s the end of the proof:
A fair amount of algebra was needed to prove the case. However, the first step — the base case — was especially easy. Indeed, in most proofs by induction seen by students, the base case is often quite trivial… to the point that students often wonder why the base case is needed in the first place.
I first saw this next example in Calculus, by Tom M. Apostol. This next fallacious example illustrates what can happen if the base case is ignored. The statement of this “theorem” doesn’t match the formula for an arithmetic series, and so clearly something is wrong with the following “proof.”
“Proof.” Induction on .
: Let’s just ignore the base case, it’s unimportant.
: Assume that the statement holds true for the integer .
. If I replace by in the statement of the theorem, then the right-hand side — my target — becomes
On the left-hand side, we use the induction hypothesis:
Now our task is, by hook or by crook, using whatever algebraic tricks we can think of to convert this last expression into the target.
So that’s the end of the “proof.”
Clearly, something went wrong with the above proof. What went wrong, obviously, is that we didn’t check the base case. If , then the left-hand side is . However, the right-hand side is . So the base case is false.
So what happened?
We correctly showed that, if the case is true, then the case is also true. The catch, of course, is that the case is never true. Using the domino analogy, we showed that if a domino falls, then the next domino will fall. But the first domino never falls.
All this to say… yes, it’s important to check that the base case actually works.
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As the University of North Dakota prepares to retire the Fighting Sioux name and logo after the end of the current academic year, the future of Engelstad Arena and its 2,200 or so embedded Sioux logos is addressed by school officials.
Engelstad Arena isn’t actually owned by the University of North Dakota: it is privately owned by the Engelstad Family Foundation.
However, the agreement between UND and the NCAA to drop the name will apply to The Ralph as well, as changes in the facility will be phased in over time.
Basically, the logo appears in three different states: in historic artifacts, as permanent architectural fixtures and as temporary decorative effects. The permanent architectural fixtures are things like the Sioux statue outside the arena and carved in the granite in the entryways. The temporary effects are things like Sioux logos embedded in carpets.
None of these will need to be changed immediately. However, as things change and carpets wear out, anything to be installed must not contain the Sioux logo. Don’t look for a lot of dramatic changes to the Ralph any time soon; the real NCAA target was the name and logo, not the arena.
Sign up for the free weekly Arena Digest newsletter and keep up with the latest happenings! You can sign up here.
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No-interest loans are available to human services and arts and culture nonprofits that are based in New York City. The loans are made possible by a cohort of leading New York-based funders, including Ford Foundation, Bloomberg Philanthropies, Robin Hood, Rockefeller Brothers Fund, UJA-Federation of New York, and a host of others.
The purpose of the fund is to cover costs while waiting for revenue that has been delayed by the COVID-19 crisis. Delays could include government payments for services delivered, postponed fundraising events, and increased expenses to deliver services which will be reimbursed in the future.
The NYC COVID-19 Response & Impact Fund also is offering grants to help organizations with protective equipment, cleaning supplies, technological assistance, and support for financial losses.
Loans will range from $100,000 to $3 million and will be unsecured, with terms of 12, 24, or 36 months. They are geared toward nonprofits with annual revenue of at least $750,000. Full repayment is expected and financial and cash flow planning coaching will be available to those organizations that receive them.
To be eligible to apply for a loan, organizations must be a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, based in New York City, have annual non-governmental revenue of $20 million or less, receive New York City or New York State government funding, and “have a track record of delivering effective programs and services equitably for New York City residents.”
The application, which can be found here, is the first step in requesting a loan from NFF. A short survey designed to determine whether an organization meets eligibility requirements for the loan program takes about 15 minutes to complete. The survey includes requests for information about an organization’s service area, sector, indicators of financials, and how the loan intends to be used.
If you have any questions or need assistance, you can contact firstname.lastname@example.org
As we celebrate our 36th year, NPT remains dedicated to supplying breaking news, in-depth reporting, and special issue coverage to help nonprofit executives run their organizations more effectively.
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The Enterprise Architect has a big advantage – it can everything: Modeling (a number of standards), Requirement Management, Project Management, Documentation Generation, Code Generation, Model Simulation, Team Collaboration etc. etc.
It’s really great, but in sometimes s it is too much. Not everybody needs all the features, all the standards. Sometimes it leads to misunderstandings and disorientation. Sometimes only a couple of modeling elements and 2-3 diagram types would be sufficient.
What to do?? Can you reduce the EA functionality – YES you can!
Following article https://blog.lieberlieber.com/2012/03/08/architecture-of-enterprise-architect/ demonstrates: EA is built of several building blocks. Means – you also can easily disable or even replace them all by your own. I’ll demonstrate it using owned developed MDG technology – SYSMOD extension of SysML for system engineers.
From now the only available tool boxes are the common one and the tool boxes defined by SYSMOD technology.
As SYSMOD does not defined its own diagram types, it’s not possible to add any at all.
The only problem is the dialog for adding new elements e.g. available via button above the project browser – it still allows adding standard UML elements
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To support water and wastewater utilities in implementing security standards to protect the public from potential bioterrorism and other threats, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has awarded a $1.6 million grant for the development of voluntary guidelines that will provide a basis for developing new industry standards.
The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), together with the American Water Works Association (AWWA) and the Water Environment Federation (WEF), will work to develop guidance that cover the design, construction, rehabilitation, installation, operation and maintenance of water, wastewater and stormwater infrastructure systems.
The guidance materials will aid water and wastewater utilities in mitigating vulnerabilities of their systems to man-made threats and natural disasters, mitigating potential disasters throughout the design and construction of new systems, and the operation and maintenance of existing ones.
"Providing risk reduction guidance for water, wastewater and stormwater systems is a critical step in protecting our nation's infrastructure and the public from potential terrorist threats," said ASCE executive director Patrick J. Natale, P.E., F.ASCE. "Through our collaboration with the AWWA and WEF, and with the support of the EPA, we will be able to provide resources for local communities to thwart economic disaster and illness among the public."
"We are delighted to partner with ASCE, AWWA, and EPA to provide much needed guidance for protecting our critical water infrastructure," said WEF executive director Bill Bertera.
The guidelines and other resources will be disseminated through technical sessions, workshops and conferences in order to educate designers, owners and operators of water, wastewater, and stormwater systems. As the lead agency responsible for water infrastructure security, the EPA has fostered public/private partnerships with non-profit associations, government agencies and utilities to develop effective guidelines and solutions to protect the nation's drinking water supply and wastewater and stormwater infrastructure.
In June 2002, President Bush signed into law the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 (PL 107-188), requiring over 8,000 community water systems serving populations of 3,300 or more to conduct and submit vulnerability assessments and emergency response plans to EPA.
There is currently not a similar requirement for vulnerability assessments by wastewater utilities; however legislation providing funding for wastewater utilities to implement security improvements has been approved by the House of Representatives and is pending in the Senate.
The standards to be developed under Water Infrastructure Security Enhancements Standards Committee (WISE SC) will help water and wastewater utilities to identify and prioritize security concerns, conduct vulnerability assessments, and develop security plans.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.wwdmag.com/print/7996
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A very unusual book from McCloud, the writer/artist of the comic Zot! In fact, I’m amazed that McCloud doesn’t have a more extensive bibliography, given the wealth of information and insight presented in this volume. Succinctly, this book explains how comics work. Not how they are made, per se, but why the sequential images of a comic are an art form different from books or TV. And McCloud accomplishes this using the very medium he is examining.
I’m a comics fan that stopped buying them because they were putting me in the poor house. McCloud here explained to me how I was initially sucked in by the medium and why I kept reading some of the “worst” examples even while my artistic tastes were changing in other media. While I doubt that I could recreate the same Glen Cox who once wrote letters to comics, I can now reconcile myself with the Glen who still enjoys Howard the Duck and Cerebus (not to mention Zot!).
My friend Phil Yeh has been on a literacy campaign for over five years now, and he gives the following reason for why he dedicated himself to it. He said that he saw the literacy figures for America, and the downward trend, and realized that he was losing more and more of his audience. He felt that the American disdain for comics was missing the point–children who read comics are still reading. Although McCloud makes a strong case for the comic being different from prose, I don’t think that he would disagree. And, if the interplay between words and pictures keeps a child reading, what is wrong with that?
[Finished 6 April 1994]
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https://firstimpressions.pressbooks.com/chapter/understanding-comics/
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The Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) has joined the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“the “FDA”) in enforcing laws related to marketing CBD products. The FDA has historically issued warning letters and pursued companies that illegally market CBD products with claims the products may treat medical conditions. The FTC has joined the FDA is this pursuit and announced settlements with six different CBD companies involves fines ranging between $20,000-$85,000 in addition to notifications provided to consumers. Pursuant to these settlement agreements the respondent companies are also prohibited from similar marketing efforts in the future, any health claims must have scientific evidence to support them.
Industry actors making any health or therapeutic claims are vulnerable to action by agencies such as the FDA and FTC, however, they may also be subject to civil suits based on enforcement by those agencies. In April of 2020 Charlotte’s Web Holdings, Inc. (“CWB”) was served with yet another (its second) class action lawsuit due to how their products are labeled. Benson v. Charlotte’s Web Holdings, Inc., No. 1:20-cv-00418 (N.D. Ill.) The suit based a significant portion of the allegations on FDA guidance:
“Based on available evidence, FDA has concluded that THC and CBD products are excluded from the dietary supplement definition under section 201(ff)(3)(B) of the FD&C Act [21 U.S.C. § 321(ff)(3)(B)]. Under that provision, if a substance (such as THC or CBD) is an active ingredient in a drug product that has been approved under section 505 of the FD&C Act [21 U.S.C. § 355], or has been authorized for investigation as a new drug for which substantial clinical investigations have been instituted and for which the existence of such investigations has been made public, then products containing that substance are excluded from the definition of a dietary supplement”
Companies facing enforcement actions by the FTC may similarly be subject to civil allegations.
WHAT DOES THIS MEAN FOR YOUR BUSINESS
Continue Reading CBD Companies Now Facing Monetary Penalties For Deceptive Marketing, Will Civil Liability Follow?
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The events that gripped Venezuela from April 11th to April 14th, 2002 will keep historians busy for decades to come. In the space of four days the country cycled through three presidents. Venezuelans watched appalled as an elected official emptied his gun in the direction of an opposition march in broad daylight. They saw tanks rolling on the streets of Caracas, they heard the armed forces' top-ranking general announce the resignation of President Chávez, and they saw a right-wing clique take total control of the state. The private TV and radio stations that could have covered the chaos were first shut down by the government and then conspired to suppress the news of his return. It's a lot to cover in a single essay, so bear with me.
First, a note of caution: the task of demistifying the coup is made especially difficult by the lush propagandistic undergrowth that now covers nearly every aspect of the story, a version that obscures or distorsts nearly everything of importance that happened that weekend.
Since 2002, polite opinion outside Venezuela has hardened around an impossibly simplistic version of events, one that fits in snugly with first world perceptions of Latin America as a passive CIA stomping ground, where an all-powerful US makes all the important decisions and the "natives" grin and bear it.
It's not surprising this account has gained such a wide following. It spares people the trouble of having to learn about the details of the crisis that led to the coup. It exempts time poor/indignation rich readers from having to wade through a mass of incomplete, often contradictory evidence on their way to an evidence based understanding of what happened. And, of course, it has a powerful and extremely well funded patron in the Venezuelan government itself.
Helped along by the tireless propagandizing of The Revolution Will Not be Televised and Eva Golinger's Chávez Code, as well as by Chávez's own politically motivated endorsement, this version now dominates first world accounts of the coup.
The only trouble is that large parts of it are incompatible with the evidence that's on the record.
The alternative account you'll find here is evidence based and, unavoidably, pretty long and terribly unsatisfying. I can't spin a nice, simple, satisfying tale explaining what happened that weekend: too much evidence is missing, too many accounts are contradictory, and especially because the entire episode has never been credibly investigated by an impartial public body. What I can do is give you a sense for the complexities of the April Crisis, of what we can actually say we know and what we're left to speculate about.
I understand the temptation to massively simplify this story is strong. We all want good guys and bad guys, a "neat" story that ties all the loose ends. Anybody who tries to peddle you a "neat" story about April 2002 is just lying to you: the evidence on record supports only messiness.
So the first thing is to accept that there's no way to convey what happened in 800 words without massively distorting the story. Whether you favor the Chavez government or oppose it, there's no way to understand what actually happened without throwing some cherished but unsustainable certainties into the pyre. The truth, I'm afraid, makes for some uncomfortable reading for both sides.
Much of the material the following is based on comes from Sandra La Fuente and Alfredo Meza's excellent book El Acertijo de Abril (The April Riddle) - an oasis of fair reporting in a sea of political propagandizing on the subject. The two have worked hard to produce a book of confirmed facts, not spin or supposition. Of course, any errors are mine.
An atypical coup
Though the psychedelic four-day whirlwind of events is commonly described as a "short-lived coup," or a "failed coup attempt," the word "coup" obscures as much as it reveals about the April Crisis. At the heart of this convoluted story is an attempt to implant an unconstitutional government, for sure. It's no less true that the April crisis witnessed a series of events that fall completely outside the territory of the traditional Latin American coup d'etat.
Rather than a neatly organized conspiracy, sprung on an unsuspecting government in a way designed to maximize the element of surprise, what we have is a chaotic, fast escalating crisis, with parallel brinksmanship strategies leading to a chaotic set of events that seem to have gotten well ahead of either side's planning.
I mean, who ever heard of a Latin American coup where the coupsters "forget" to gain military control over the seat of government? One where they have no overall plan, no settled leadership, and end up improvising a strategy minute by minute as they go along? And who's ever heard of a Latin American coup where the overthrown president had a specific, worked-out plan to provoke the crisis that eventually toppled him?
One thing is clear: whatever April 11th was, it was not your typical, 50s style CIA-hatched plot.
So what actually happened?
Factor #1: The March
By 9:00 am on April 11th, it was already clear this would not be a normal day. A very large number of Caraqueños had gathered to demand the president's resignation. The crowd, variously estimated between half a million and 800,000 strong, came out on just 12 hours notice. It was, then, the single largest political demonstration in Venezuela since 1958.
The April 11th, 2002 March
Why did several hundred thousand people decided to march to demand the resignation of a president they had democratically elected twice, by huge majorities, in the preceding 3 years?
Without going into a long detour on just how it is that the political crisis caused by the appointment of seven leftist academics and bureaucrats to the board of the state oil company, PDVSA, caused a crisis capable of escalating so explosively, I'll say that April 11th was the culmination of five months of increasingly vicious political fighting between the government and the opposition: a fight marked by reckless brinksmanship on both sides, with parallel escalation strategies that anyone could see could only end in a crisis.
Whether one side or another might have been able to pre-empt this crisis with a conciliatory gesture will remain one of those imponderables that historians argue about: the reality is that neither side was in a mood to conciliate. The opposition bitterly accused the government of seeking to impose an elected dictatorship, while the government saw the opposition as little more than a cabal of reactionary wreckers. By early April, the sense of crisis was palpable, with Venezuelans riveted to the unfolding political drama on TV. By the time April 11th rolled around, a violent denuement could surprise no one.
It can't really be denied that, throughout this highly volatile period, President Chávez gave free rein to his trademark hyper-confrontational style. The perception at the time in the opposition camp was that the government was consciously seeking to provoke a crisis.
Two years later, Chávez confirmed this perception explicitly, in a speech to the National Assembly. He boasted that, having failed to capture complete control of the oil bureaucracy in his first three years in power, he had worked out a plan - Plan Colina - to escalate the PDVSA conflict, and appointed a task force to focus on this goal. By raising tensions to unprecedented heights inside the company, Chávez hoped to identify and flush out all those who did not back him unquestioningly. "Sometimes it is necessary to provoke a crisis," he said.
Chávez's belligerence grew throughout early 2002, culminating in his theatrical firing of seven top PDVSA officials who had resisted the new board appointments. The private media responded in kind, showering the country with highly inflamatory anti-government propaganda around the clock. The tenor of the political diatribe grew increasingly vicious throughout those early months, with the opposition increasingly questioning Chávez's right to hold power and Chávez increasingly questioning the opposition's right to participate in public life at all.
By April 9th, when the opposition-run National Labor Federation and Employers' Federations called a General Work-Stoppage (paro cívico nacional) basic civility had completely broken down. Each side vowed to crush the other. The private airwaves were dominated by anti-government propaganda, and Chávez used his power to "chain" the national broadcast media (i.e. to force them to all broadcast a government message, live) to an unprecedented extent. By my count, there were over 20 such "cadena" broadcasts on April 9th alone, most of them devoted to straight-out government propaganda rather than official information.
That the opposition media gave up any notion of journalistic balance in attacking the government can't really be denied. It was war out there. At the same time, it's clear that an atmosphere of extreme tension was just what Chávez had been seeking. Plan Colina can be seen as an effort to systematically piss off government critics in the media, the unions, the Catholic Church, and any other institution he could not control: a red rag consciously designed to lure them out into indefensible positions.
To understand the confrontational extreme the government had reached, consider this: the proximate cause of the crisis was the appointment of that new PDVSA board. On April 10th - the day before the coup - those newly appointed PDVSA board members, sensing the mood of national emergency, tendered their resignations to Chávez, apparently hoping that their sacrifice could avert the crisis everyone could see looming.
Had this gesture been made public, it might - might - have been enough to defuse the entire crisis. But Chávez chose to keep their offer to resign secret - a decision entirely at odds with any kind of innocent explanation that would portray the president as an innocent victim of a conspiracy.
Within 24 hours, he had hundreds of thousands of protesters on the streets of Caracas.
Factor #2: The Bait-and-Switch
The opposition protesters brought together on April 11th did not know they were about to set off on an insurrectional adventure to the presidential palace.
They believed the march would last just a few kilometers, from Parque del Este Metro station to the PDVSA building (now Bolivarian University) in Chuao. Both are on the East side of Caracas, 7 miles east of Miraflores Palace, which sits in the Central district to the west of the city.
Satellite Photo of CaracasIn the months after the crisis, testimony given to a National Assembly investigating committee revealed that opposition leaders had planned a risky bait-and-switch on their own supporters.
1-March Starting point - Parque del Este.
2-Advertised end point - PDVSA Chuao.
3-Real end point - Miraflores Palace.
The night before the march, they had agreed that, once the march reached PDVSA Chuao, they would call on their followers to march west, the entire way to the presidential palace, to demand Chávez's resignation. The decision to re-route the march would be presented as a spur-of-the-moment thing, and given the extremely emotionally charged atmosphere of those days, there was no doubt that the marchers would follow their leaders west. Faced with 800,000 angry marchers right on his doorstep, Chávez would have no choice but to resign.
One of the most interesting revelations in Sandra La Fuente and Alfredo Meza's El Acertijo de Abril is that the government knew of this plan by the evening of April 10th. An agent from the Asamblea Popular Revolucionaria (the people who bring us Aporrea.org) "Directorate of Social Intelligence" had infiltrated the meeting. He communicated news of the plan back to headquarters.
Even government opponents must understand that, in a situation like that, the government had no choice but to protect itself from what was, without exaggeration, an insurrectional march. That's normal.
From a public-order point of view, the problem was not difficult: Chávez continued to command the Guardia Nacional - a military-run internal security force along the lines of the Gendarmes in France or the Guardia Civil in Spain - which is trained and equipped to deal with public-order problems.
With 12 hours advance notice, it would have been straightforward for the Guardia Nacional to block the march route to Miraflores. Simply by blocking off the end of Avenida Bolívar, the Guardia could have kept the marchers a safe distance away from Miraflores Palace. Had they done so, the march might have turned into another of many political rallies. There would have been speeches and slogans, and eventually the marchers would have packed it in and gone home.
This is not how Chávez reacted. Instead, he came up with a two-pronged plan to defend the palace.
First, his political machine - again led by the Asamblea Popular Revolucionaria - gathered some 3,000 supporters to surround Miraflores for a counter-demonstration to face down the opposition marchers. La Fuente and Meza confirm that guns were handed out by pro-Chávez politicians to the crowd, though only after the shooting started.
At least a handful of those Chávez supporters were caught on video shooting south, apparently in the direction of the opposition march. Though it is not clear - because no serious investigation was ever carried out - whether those shooters are responsible for any of the deaths down below, it's plain that much of the chavista self-defense strategy relied on deploying armed civilian supporters around Miraflores. So much so that the Presidential Guard Regiment had set up a field hospital to prepare to treat casualties in the parking lot of its Palacio Blanco headquarters, just across the road from Miraflores.
Factor #3: Plan Avila
The decision to arm government supporter's outside Miraflores was serious enough, but it's the second part of the government's reaction that really got Chávez into trouble with the army.
At 10:30 am, according to recordings of military radio frequencies made by opposition supporters, Chávez personally ordered the activation of Plan Avila. Now, those two words will mean little to foreign readers, but they will send chills down the spine of any Venezuelan.
Plan Avila is an army-run contingency plan designed to quell serious disturbances in Caracas.
The plan had only ever been activated once before, during the massive looting that broke out on February 27th and 28th, 1989. The police and the Guardia Nacional had been overrun by the riots, and the decision to deploy the army with orders to shoot looters on sight resulted in a bloodbath.
The army killed at least 277 people during Plan Avila '89, perhaps as many as a thousand - an outrage that gave rise to the first wave of home-grown human rights NGOs in Venezuela.
Cofavic, (the Victims and Family Members Committee), an NGO set up to help the relatives of the victims, spent years pushing for an international human rights investigation headed by OAS's Inter-American Human Rights Commission. Eventually, the commission found against Venezuela, ordering the government to pay restitution to the families of the victims. The court also ordered Venezuela to disclose the operational details of the plan, previously protected by military secrecy laws, and to bring Plan Avila into line with international human rights law.
It's no surprise why Plan Avila had such lethal consequences when it was first implemented in 1989. The Venezuelan army has no riot gear, no non-lethal weapons at its disposal, no training in crowd control. Plan Avila means setting loose a bunch of 18 year olds carrying semi-automatic rifles packing live ammo against a civilian population: a recipe for massive bloodletting.
The order to activate Plan Avila set off alarm bells in the military establishment. For good reason. If the plan had been controversial in 1989, when it was deployed to quell violent looting by armed groups of people, its application against the largest political march Venezuela had seen in its history threatened disaster. It was far too easy to picture just one young conscript losing his cool and firing on the unarmed crowd, even if no such orders were given.
For the brass, it was plain that applying Plan Avila in those conditions risked causing a Tiananmen Square style political massacre.
By a quirk of fate, April 11th, 2002 was also the day when the International Criminal Court Treaty came into force worldwide. With the arrest of Pinochet in London fresh in their minds, top officers were only too aware that human rights abuses have no statute of limitation.
To their unending credit, the two key military officers at the top of the Plan Avila chain of command simply did the maths and simply refused to follow the president's orders. As confirmed by the subsequent hearings in the National Assembly, this is the key decision that set off the chain of events that weekend.
Factor #4: Rosendo and Vásquez Velasco
Who were those two officers, and why did they act the way they did? Was their disobedience part of an insurrectional plot? Were they U.S. stooges? Or did they act on principle?
Left to right: Generals Vásquez Velasco, Rosendo and Garcia CarneiroMayor General Manuel Rosendo, a personal friend of Chávez and one-time baseball teammate, was head of CUFAN, the Armed Forces Unified Command. A Chávez confidant who had been intimately involved in contingency planning for precisely the kind of event they were facing, General Rosendo was seen as a Chavista hardliner until that afternoon. Rosendo was an unambiguous hate-figure in opposition circles due to the openly political, pro-Chávez speech during the Independence Day celebrations in July 2001. By any measure, Rosendo was part of Chávez's inner circle.
After the crisis, General Rosendo testified to the National Assembly had participated in contingency planning with Chávez, members of his cabinet and of his party on April 7th. Rosendo testified that it was at that meeting that the chavista politicians first aired the plan to mobilize armed civilians to protect the presidential palace in case of major trouble. At the meeting General Rosendo pleaded with the president not to allow such paramilitary tactics into Venezuelan politics, sensing the potential for bloodletting. Chávez dismissed his concerns.
On the 10th, just a day before the coup, Rosendo sent a long, emotionally charged letter to Chávez beseeching him to establish a dialogue with the opposition leaders to defuse the brewing crisis. This suggests that Rosendo was not aware of Plan Colina, or of Chávez's decision to keep secret the PDVSA Board's offer to resign: otherwise, he would have known that Chávez's policy of relentless escalation had been decided long before.
Rosendo's position matters because, legally speaking, it is the head of CUFAN who has the power to hand the order to activate contingency plans like Plan Avila down the chain of command.
When the order came, Rosendo balked. That decision, Rosendo's refusal to implement a direct order from the commander in chief, was the breaking point, the second when the until-then flimsy but still intact chain of command shattered.
Above Rosendo in the chain of command, but outside the Plan Avila loop, we find Mayor General Efrain Vásquez Velasco, the top ranking officer in the Venezuelan army. Seen as a moderate until that point, Vásquez Velasco was on good terms with the government. Upon hearing that Chávez had ordered Plan Avila activated, Vásquez Velazco quickly supported Rosendo's insubbordination.,
As we will see, Vásquez Velasco's decisions that weekend were not those of a man angling for power himself, or of one working closely with any sort of organized conspiratorial clique. If anything, Vásquez Velasco spent the weekend on the back-foot, struggling to keep up with events, and basically unprepared to take charge of the situation at each critical juncture.
It's important to grasp that these were the two people whose decisions precipitated the chain of events that led to Chávez's fall later that night: two very high-ranking army officers trusted by Chávez, who balked at a patently unconstitutional order. Neither Rosendo nor Vásquez Velasco could seriously be considered coup-plotters: intensely spied on by chavista intelligence officers, they had been judged trustworthy enough to keep in key command posts.
A tiny aside: you can tell a lot about the intellectual honesty of any account of the coup you read by its handling of the Plan Avila episode. The standard chavista version of the coup simply omits mention of it altogether. Despite the mountains of testimony and documentary evidence on the central role that the order to activate Plan Avila played in cracking the military chain of command that afternoon, the official version simply sweeps the entire issue under the rug. Instead, it places the bulk of responsibility on a supposed American intervention backed by evidence that is, at best, circumstancial. The cleansing of Plan Avila from the Official History of the April Crisis must be one of the most blatant acts of self-serving historical manipulation in the Chávez era.
To recall the earthquake unleashed by the Plan Avila order is not, however, to say that there was no military conspiracy afoot that day. As shown on the private TV stations on April 12th (and, with great glee, in The Revolution will not be Televised) there surely was a conspiracy - several conspiracies, in fact - led by lower-ranking army soldiers, Guardia Nacional and navy officers who strongly opposed Chávez's evident confrontational and authoritarian streak.
It is important to grasp, however, that the watershed event of the day, the decision to disobey the Plan Avila order, was not made by the conspirators, but by members of the chavista inner circle who do not appear to have been in contact with them.The conspirators swung into action only later that night, once Vásquez Velasco and Rosendo had forced Chávez into a corner. April 11th was a coup, but it was not made by coupsters! But let's not get ahead of ourselves here.
My April 11th
I spent most of April 11th running around Caracas with a camera crew - consisting of my friend Megan with her Cannon XL1, and our jolly oversized Scottish translator/bodyguard Hamish. We were working on a freelance project when the crisis broke. Alas, we were not inside the palace.
April 11th March: ChuaoAt 11:00 am, we were in Chuao when the march leaders ‘spontaneously’ announced the change of route. I had to be at my newsroom by 11:30 to write VenEconomy’s daily 2-minute radio spot for RCR, to be broadcast an hour later. I took a taxi back to the office, and in a feverish hurry wrote a spot warning that the country would need to give itself a new government shortly and that this new government would to be as broad-based and conciliatory as possible, including even moderate chavistas, in order to have any credibility or staying power.
I include that tidbit not just for the Cassandra-ish gloating rights. I include it to show that even by the early in the afternoon, before the killings and the military about-faces and the rest, it was clear that the popular mobilization against Chávez was too widespread to simply go away somehow. It was also clear that the government had hours to go, and that whomever replaced Chávez needed to take the high road if it was to have any credibility and staying power at all. In fact, for the last several days, the entire country had been awash in speculation and rumors about impending coups. You hardly needed some crystal ball to intuit the road we were heading down.
This is an important point, because some strands of revisionist history have taken to citing memos sent by the US Embassy in Caracas back to Washington, warning that a coup was imminent, as somehow proving US involvement with the coup, or some sort "insider knowledge" about coup planning. This kind of accusation is entirely fatuous: the only thing you needed to know a coup was in the works in Venezuela in April, 2002, was a working TV set and an open pair of eyes.
But I digress. Radio-spot duly written, I caught another taxi and went right downtown to meet the crew at Avenida Bolivar, where I figured the marchers would arrive around 2:00 pm or so. Three hours for a seven-mile march seemed about right to me. We sat down to have lunch, keeping one eye on the TV sets, but before we’d quite finished, we saw the first few marchers beginning to pour into Avenida Bolívar, directly outside our lunch spot. It must have been about 1:30 p.m.
At the same time, General Lucas Rincon, the Chavista hardliner who was then highest ranking officer in the Venezuelan armed forces, went on a cadena nacional to try to dispel rumors that Chávez had resigned, and to reaffirm the Armed Forces' commitment to the government. Rincon gave his speech with a mobile phone clutched to his ear the entire time, giving the none-too-subtle impression that his words were being dictated to him in real time.
We left the tasca and started to walk along with the marchers, trying to get some shots of what we could all sense would be a historic day. Marching down the street, I kept reassuring the crew: ‘It’s ok, they had three hours to prepare. We’ll obviously run into a Guardia Nacional roadblock at the end of the Avenida.’
I didn’t know it at the time, but they actually had twelve hours to prepare, not three. Even so, the end of the avenida came and, lo and behold: no roadblock.
Downtown Detail:With nothing to slow the march down, we kept on walking the remaining six or seven blocks to Miraflores Palace, and to my consternation I gradually realized that, insane as that seemed, there would be no Guardia barricade at all, just a bunch of gun-toting chavistas waiting for us on the other side.
4-Avenida Baralt: Main shooting alley
5-Avenida Bolivar: Main march approach.
Finally, just one block south from the palace, a very thin line of Metropolitan Police officers (i.e. people commanded by the opposition mayor of Caracas) stood trying to keep the opposition crowd at bay. They had no riot gear, no gas masks, nothing. The most radical of the opposition marchers simply walked right past them, through a no-man’s-land just one block deep, to the other side, where a similarly thin line of Guardias Nacionales - who did have riot gear and gas masks, and a whole lot of tear gas, to boot - tried to keep the pro-Chávez demonstrators away from the opposition.
The mood of the vast opposition crowd turned at this point, from the carefree party atmosphere of the street march to something much angrier and more confrontational. The next hour is a blur of street skirmishes, tear gas, and any number of explosions that sounded like fireworks but could well have been gunshots. I, for one, can’t tell the difference. The thin line of Guardias had enough tear gas on hand to keep the two sides more or less apart for a while, but opposition hot-heads kept charging at them. The atmosphere was impossibly tense, and soon, it became clear to me that this would not end without significant violence.
April 11th March: One block south of Miraflores, by El CalvarioBy 3:30 we retreated from the Calvario stairs towards Avenida Baralt. Jumpy as hell, I kept trying to persuade Megan to just get the hell out of there - whatever footage we might get out of the melee didn’t seem worth the ration of lead that would come with it. After we got some shots on Avenida Baralt - with the chavistas on Llaguno Bridge clearly visible - a man walked up to us. Megan swung the camera to film him. He put his hand over the lens and said, "No, you can't film me. I just came to tell you that you should get out of here. You'll be picked off in particular because of the camera. Get out, now."
So we did. We didn't get a single recognizable shot of the guy, so I have no way to know who he was. An infiltrated DISIP suddenly gripped with a spasm of conscience? A guardian angel? I have no idea. I do know that five photographers and cameramen were wounded that day, and one of them, Jorge Tortoza, was killed. For all I know, that guy saved Megan's life.
We started walking, in the mass of confusion, first south and then back towards the east side. At that time - 4:00 or so - a huge opposition crowd was still walking west on Avenida Mexico, towards the palace. The streets were filled with people, rumors and confusion. For a while, the marchers chanted, simply, "Ejercito cagon! Ejercito cagon!" - the Army is chickenshit, as a way to urge the officers to join the protests in defiance of Chávez.
About 5 minutes after leaving Avenida Baralt, I turned on my pocket radio to scan for news. To my astonishment, what I heard was Chávez’s voice. Incredibly, he had called yet another cadena nacional – a simultaneous live broadcast that all TV channels and radio stations.
The first news blackout of the weekend was on.
I didn't know it at the time, but the cadena started only minutes after the start of the shootout that left 20 dead and over 100 injured - most of them on Avenida Baralt, the street I'd been standing on five minutes earlier. Because there were so many loud bangs in the air, people did not initially realize that shooting had started. Many of the first to be wounded figured they had been hit with a rock or a bottle: only gradually did people realize that live shooting had started.
The sequence of those first few minutes after the cadena started is particularly confused. It appears that a set of Policia Metropolitana (opposition-led) anti-riot vehicles charged up Avenida Baralt. The chavistas claim the cops shot first, the cops claim the opposite. One way or another, a big firefight started between the two. According to many, there were also sharpshooters spreading bullets from various building tops, though none were ever photographed or identified.
Today, we know that there were deaths on both sides. Because no proper investigation has ever been held, it is not possible to know exactly who started shooting, why and when exactly. We do know that, via the cadena, the government had taken a decisive step to block reporting of the shooting taking place just feet from the palace.
Since I had a radio instead of a TV, I did not see what millions of Venezuelans saw. Enraged at Chávez's decision to give a rambling speech in the middle of a national emergency, the private TV stations split their screens down the middle. On one side you saw the president speaking, while on the other side you saw live video images of the shooting spree taking place just meters away.
For more than two long hours during perhaps the worst episode of political violence in Venezuela since the 60s, Chávez continued to speak while people died outside. He never stopped to try to do something to stop the shooting. Every few minutes, an army officer would enter the frame and slip the president a bit of paper containing a casualty tally, which Chávez would read, and then continue talking in his most natural voice. He never stopped to do something to stop the violence raging just outside his door.
Not all the shooting that day happened on Avenida Baralt. Both pro- and anti-government protesters died at several other locations in the vicinity. Minutes after the start of the shooting on Avenida Baralt, one man was killed standing directly behind Miraflores, in the Chavista march on Avenida Urdaneta - well away from line-of-sight from the Hotel Eden and the opposition march. The shots, according to police investigations, came from the Bolero building.
Also, the Guardia Nacional troops that had been keeping the opposition marchers away from Miraflores eventually ran out of tear gas and started shooting live rounds into the crowd.
One of the most puzzling subplots here concerns the arrests made by the police at the Hotel Ausonia on the 11th, where several foreigners were arrested with guns and a small quantity of drugs. They jailed until April 16th, and then released unconditionally by a court under the restored Chávez government. They immediately vanished. Who were they? The government has hinted they were opposition sharpshooters, but forensic tests did not show they had fired weapons recently. They were never questioned or arrested after the 16th, and may well have been ordinary criminals who chose the wrong hotel at the wrong time. But who can be sure?
Chávez’s speech continued through 5:30 pm. Towards the end, he announced he was shutting down the country’s main TV stations in response to their conspiratorial actions against him. Little did he know that by the time that decision was made, it was too late for a cover-up: the private TV channels had already split their screens and broadcast live images of the massacre, so everyone in the country more or less knew what was happening.
The next few hours were a time of utter confusion. In Caracas, the terrestrial TV towers were taken over by the Guardia Nacional. However, the private broadcasters remained on the air in the rest of the country, and in Caracas via satellite. Like a lot of other people in town I made my way to the house of my nearest satellite-dish-owning relative (in my case, my sister Ana.) We sat there astonished watching the news coverage of the violence. It was the first time in our lives we had seen people killed in large numbers for political reasons. The sense of crisis grew minute by minute.
By 10:00 pm, Chávez's former number-2 man, Luis Miquilena, went on television to openly denounce the government's power play. Given his large following in congress and the supreme tribunal - since he had been given primary responsibility for selecting pro-Chávez officers to those posts - Miquilena's desertion opened the door, in the eyes of many, to the possibility of a constitutional solution to the crisis. Within hours of his "cadena", Chávez's congressional majority had vanished.
Then came the coup de grace. A Venevision camera crew managed, through an outstanding bit of bravado, to get actual images of some government supporters shooting down into Avenida Baralt from Llaguno Bridge (this "bridge" is really an overpass that crosses over Avenida Baralt.) The images were the only direct evidence of people shooting available that night. In the atmosphere of sheer confusion, it was not immediately evident that anyone was shooting in the other direction. The private TV stations repeated the footage again, and again and again, giving the impression that the opposition march had been ambushed by government supporters.
Images of Llaguno Gunmen shooting south towards Avenida Baralt captured by Venevision. The man in the white jacket is Richard Peñalver.One of the gunmen was identified as Richard Peñalver, a pro-Chávez municipal council member in the district where I lived - in fact, an elected official. The footage showed him emptying his gun with glee towards the south of the bridge, the area where the opposition march had spent much of the afternoon. At the time, the footage seemed incredibly damning, and whatever support Chávez still enjoyed within the armed forces quickly crumbled.
Now, viewers of The Revolution will not be Televised know that as far as chavistas are concerned, the footage of Puente Llaguno was a blatant manipulation. Amateur video taken from a different angle and made public later showed no protesters on the southern part of Avenida Baralt while the chavistas fired.
The argument, presented as definitive on the film, is hardly enlightening. The film suggests, but does not quite say, that the opposition march had not yet reached Avenida Baralt at that point. It entirely glosses over the question of who shot the civilian marchers who were killed or wounded on the southern part of the avenue. Though witness statements suggest the Llaguno Gunmen only got their guns after the shooting had started, and were filmed shooting well into the gun battle, while the opposition marchers who died appear to have fallen in the first few minutes of the shootout, one must regard their official excuse - that it's okay because they were shooting at the opposition-led Metropolitan Police - as borderline nonsensical.
Then there was the confusing episode of the tank column filmed going from Fuerte Tiuna through the highway towards Miraflores Palace. If you saw The Revolution will not be Televised you'll recognize the scene, but you may be surprised to find out that contrary to the spin put on it by the film, the tank movements were not part of the coup. In fact, they were ordered by Chávez. The Ayala Tank Battalion was among the last to stay loyal to Chávez that evening, and they answered his call to surround the palace with military armor.
But by the time the tanks reached Miraflores the vast bulk of the army had risen up against Chávez, and there were reportedly even threats to bomb the palace from the air, Allende style. Of course, if you're facing an F16 strike, a tank on the street is about as useful as an ashtray on a motorcycle, so the tanks really played no role. On advice from Havana, and owing no doubt also to his own psychological disposition, Chávez rejected the offer of martyrdom and gave himself up, showing up at Fuerte Tiuna wearing (illegally) his military field uniform.
Chaos in Fuerte Tiuna
At midday and through the afternoon, Rosendo and Vásquez Velasco had planned to go to Miraflores and tender their resignations to Chávez, explaining why they could not implement his orders in accordance to international human rights law - nothing more. But as the evening wore on, more and more active duty military officers came forward to withdraw their support for the government and demand Chávez’s resignation. The small conspiratorial cliques that had formed between military friends all burst into the open at once.
A reporter friend of mine actually went to Fuerte Tiuna that night to witness the toppling of a government as it happened. There was so much confusion at the fort that he was simply allowed to slip in and mingle with the assembling generals. The story he tells is one of sheer confusion, with a bewildering array of generals milling around trying to decide what to do, while opposition civilians hung around different cubicles drafting God knows what on the PCs they could find. Chief among them: opposition "leading light" Allan Brewer Carias, together of course with Pedro Carmona and others, including even Orlando Urdaneta, a popular, though far-right wing, actor and comedian.
By the middle of the evening, the private TV broadcasters were back on the air in Caracas, and the state-run TV channel had been abandoned by its chavista managers, who feared retribution. (Amusingly, if you tuned in to Channel 8 that evening, you were faced with 30 year old nature documentaries about little ducklings...the last tape hastily thrown on the air as the managers ran.) As it became clearer and clearer that the government was in the process of falling, the Chávez regime started to "melt away." Any number of pro-Chávez officials and political activists went into hiding.
A confused set of negotiations ensued between Chávez and a now openly rebellious army. Faxes were exchanged, Chávez was initially offered safe passage to Cuba only to later see that offer reversed. By 3 a.m., Chávez had decided to give himself up, and go to the army’s main installation in Caracas, Fuerte Tiuna, to be told his fate.
The negotiations at Fuerte Tiuna on night from April 11th to the 12th were complex, chaotic and confusing. By most accounts, Chávez agreed in principle to resign if he was guaranteed safe passage for himself and his entire family to Cuba. But splits between the rebellious officers were evident: one group, the pragmatists, wanted to just send him off into exile and start afresh. A second group, the maximalists, argued that Chávez should be tried in Venezuela for the afternoon?s deaths and that, in any case, he could become a deeply destabilizing figure if allowed to flee to Cuba.
The military chain of command had gone all to hell, and the evening became a kind of civic-military free for all. Though nominally still in charge, Vásquez Velasco had lost control of the coup.
At around 2:40 a.m. on what was already April 12th, much of the nation was still glued to the TV coverage of the crisis. Suddenly, one last cadena: General Lucas Rincon, the highest ranking member of the armed forces and a chavista loyal enough to have earned a third sun (equivalent to five stars in the US) despite never having fought a war, comes on the screen. He's flanked by what remains of the pro-Chávez high command of the Armed Forces.
Rincon read a prepared statement. Using an oddly circumloquitous formulation in the passive tense that left it unclear exactly who had done the asking, Rincon announced that President Chávez had been asked to resign, a request "which he accepted." ("La cual acepto..." was the soon infamous formulation.) Rincon proceeded to tender his resignation together with that of the other pro-Chávez generals, leaving the change-of-president an apparently done deal. Celebrations rang out through the east of Caracas. According to his later congressional testimony, Rincon then went to sleep.
Lucas Rincon: "La cual, acecto."(Bafflingly, Rincon remained a member of Chávez's inner circle for years. He was never disciplined for announcing - falsely - the president's resignation the entire country.)
By dawn, the best organized of the conspiratorial cliques managed to wrest control of the situation. Financed by a shadowy arms dealer by the name of Isaac Perez Recao, the group included General Enrique Medina Gomez - at the time Venezuela's military attache in Washington DC, Allan Brewer Carias, Daniel Romero (the far-right wing "solicitor-general-for-a-day" who supposedly drafted Carmona's executive decree), Carmona, the top brass of the navy, and in particular Fedecamaras, the traditionally conservative National Chamber of Commerce. Due largely to their long standing contacts with the late Cardinal Ignacio Velazco - then the influential head of the Catholic Church in Venezuela - they persuaded Vásquez Velasco to accept Pedro Carmona, head of Fedecamaras - as an interim president. Vásquez Velasco, eager to put the country back in civilian hands as soon as possible, accepted.
In the weeks following those events, this takeover by the rightwing conspirators came to be known as the ‘coup-within-a-coup’, and to my mind this remains the best way to describe what actually took place.
Who exactly controlled this group has been a subject of heated controversy ever since. Though Perez Recao took most of the blame, some well informed sources are sure General Medina Gomez was the real boss. Certainly, Medina Gomez flew back from Washington to Caracas just days before the coup - a sign, to some, that the conspirators knew a day of reckoning was coming and they were working to put all their pieces in place before a showdown.
April 12th: The Carmonada
The day after the coup most people woke up to hear that Pedro Carmona would be the new president and he would make a statement later on his course of action. Carmona had been one of the most prominent leaders in the anti-Chávez movement, so his appointment seemed almost natural to many. That morning, the private media refused to ask the evident question: who had chosen Carmona? and by what authority?
Pedro Carmona flanked by Vice-admiral Carlos Molina Tamayo and Army Colonel Gustavo Diaz Vivas, Carmona's personal guard (edec`án)That same morning, the White House Press Secretary made a shocking pronouncement that has been used again and again to paint the Bush administration as co-conspirators of Perez Recao, Carmona and company.
As reported by CNN:
"Chávez supporters, on orders, fired on unarmed, peaceful demonstrators," White House press secretary Ari Fleischer said, referring to Thursday's violence that killed 12 people and wounded dozens more. "Venezuelan military and police refused to fire ... and refused to support the government's role in human rights violations." Two things to notice. First off, Fleischer's statement does leave out half the story. It wasn't only chavistas firing, but at that point in time, there was no way to find out who else had been firing in the mayhem. Nor could Fleischer be sure that the Chavistas were firing on those they appeared to be firing on. The second part of the statement is perfectly factually correct, though, and of course always conveniently left out of Bushwhacking accounts of the coup.
The second thing to notice is that Fleischer's main blunder was to speak prematurely. The White House statement was made several hours before Carmona's provisional government decree had been made public. The statement did not explicitly recognize the new government, largely because the new government had not yet been established.
Though it was retroactively read as a statement of support for Carmona's government, the White House statement preceded the Carmona decree. In fact, according to sources in Miraflores that day, the Carmona Decree hadn't even been finalized at the time Fleischer spoke. Ari jumped the gun. By speaking out of turn, he wrote a kind of blank check of US support for whatever Carmona might choose to do - a trust Carmona clearly didn't deserve.
Social Hour in Miraflores
Back in Miraflores, the scene remained chaotic. On the one hand, dozens of job-hunting opposition politicians had turned up for a chance at the spoils. At the same time intense efforts were taking place behind the scenes to get Carmona to reconsider.
While chavista propagandists have associated the coupsters with far right wing figures associated with hyper-conservative catholic groups like Opus Dei, the truth is somewhat more slippery. Though one prominent Opus member, Pepe Rodriguez Iturbe, was named foreign ministers, other Opus-associated figures like Gustavo Linares Benzo were working to prevent Carmona's power play. In fact, Linares Benzo spent the day lobbying against Carmona's plans. He proposed a plan to ask the National Assembly to convene and, with Miquilenista votes, certify the "permanent absence" of the president from his post, paving the way to a constitutional transition. Linares Benzo's proposals garnered some support from the assembled, but Carmona doesn't seem to have seriously considered them.
Other political figures showed their mettle that day. Cecilia Sosa, the head of the adeca encopetada faction and former Chief Magistrate of the old pre-Chávez Supreme Court, is often seen as a bit of a right-wing extremist. That day, however, she had the law firmly in mind. Sosa faced Carmona down personally just minutes before he read out his decree, explaining to him bluntly that there was no imaginable legal basis for handing him the presidency. "That has already been decided, Dr. Sosa, that has already been decided," is the only response she got from him.
Cecilia SosaThe decree eventually drafted and read by Daniel Romero dripped with excesses. At one pen-stroke, on authority granted to them by God only knows who, the decree shut down all the federal institutions, the Supreme Tribunal, the National Assembly, all of them. It suspended 49 Chávez-imposed laws and even changed the official name of the country back to the pre-Chávez "Republica de Venezuela." In return, the decree pledged elections that Carmona would not participate in within one year. In the interim there would be a kind of legal void, with no elected institutions operating at the national level and nearly limitless power put in the hands of the interim president and an appointed "consultative board." Carmona then went on to swear himself in as "interim president" swearing to pave the way to the restoration of the validity of the constitution - which is very different from pledging to obey it.
The antichavistas assembled in Miraflores that day cheered the decree wildly, intoxicated with the sense of victory. But the roster of signators who sought to legitimize the decree was worrying. Most signators were hard-right, business-class types. When the announcer called for "the representative of the Workers' Federation to come forward," no one turned up...and for good reason. Alfredo Ramos, the only CTV member in the room, later explained that he refuses, on principle, to sign any document he hasn't read carefully beforehand.
First Fissures Appear
As Carmona signed his decree, Carlos Ortega, the head of the Venezuelan Workers' Federation, was 300 kilometers west in his home state of Falcon. Though Ortega and Carmona had acted as a team in leading the protest movement until April 11th, Carmona had distanced himself in the final 48 hours. By leaving, Ortega wanted to make it perfectly clear that he had no part in putting together the transitional government. This breakdown in the CTV-Fedecamaras alliance, at the most sensitive moment, may have been enough to doom the coup. So long as the anti-Chávez alliance could claim to speak for both employers and workers, it could plausibly represent the whole nation. With labor out of the equation, the movement was reduced to a right-wing power play.
Nor was the situation much better in the barracks. When General Vásquez Velasco agreed to make Carmona president, he had naturally expected to earn the Defense Ministry in return. Instead, Carmona stunned the military by naming a navy man as defense minister. Vice-admiral Hector Ramirez Perez was close to Carmona, Molina Tamayo and Perez Recao, but it was doubtful whether a navy officer could really establish control of the army at such a delicate time. To his shock, Vásquez Velasco heard a rumor that Carmona was planning to send him out of the country, to serve as the military attache in the Venezuelan Embassy in Madrid.
Perhaps because he was a navy man, Ramirez Perez neglected some of the most basic elements of effective coupsterism. Inexplicably, he made no effort to ensure loyal anti-Chávez troops took control of the presidential palace. The pro-Chávez Presidential Guard of Honor regiment was left in place and in military control of Miraflores even as Carmona and his people moved in.
Moreover, the new regime had not shown itself overly concerned with calming the calls for revenge coming from some in the opposition side. The entire leadership of the Chavista government went underground, and a kind of witch-hunt broke down to find them, along with the shooters seen in the previous night's endlessly repeated video.
At some point, a rumor started making the rounds that Chávez's vicepresident, Diosdado Cabello, had sought asylum at the Cuban embassy in Chuao. An angry mob was soon on the scene demanding his scalp. The rumor was not true, but the crowd was belligerent, so the Cuban Ambassador, German Sanchez Otero, called the opposition mayor of the area, Henrique Capriles, to come and save his skin. This Capriles did, as best he could, in a highly emotionally charged atmosphere. At the time, Sanchez Otero thanked him. Later, the government persecuted Capriles for "leading the riots" outside the Cuban embassy that day.
Similarly, the Primero Justicia mayor of Chacao, Leopoldo Lopez, had tried to protect then Chávez interior minister Ramon Rodriguez Chacin, who was arrested at an east side apartment. An angry mob had gathered to witness the event: many tried to get punches in to Rodriguez Chacin as he was escorted into police vehicles. The footage was shown repeatedly on opposition news stations that day.
Other chavistas, like self-described Human Rights activist Tarek William Saab, were also arrested that day. In a show of democratic fortitude, a selected few anti-Chávez activists spent the day pleading with the Carmona authorities to release them. Teodoro Petkoff, Milagros Socorro and Ruth Capriles in particular need to be singled out for praise. It would have been far easier and more comfortable for them to look the other way that day. In fact, faced with recent political jailings, chavistas like Tarek himself have shown just how much easier it is to look the other way than to denounce injustices your own side perpetrates.
By the evening of April 12th, the coup was just starting to unravel. General Vásquez Velasco, stunned by the sweeping illegality of Carmona's regime, started to say out loud that in refusing Chávez's order the day before, he had intended to protect the constitution, not to establish a de facto regime. CTV continued to stay well away from Miraflores and rumors started to circulate more and more insistently that Chávez had not, in fact, resigned, and that no signed resignation letter existed.
By that evening, the US embassy was fully aware of what a blunder Fleischer's statement had been that morning. US Ambassador Charles Shapiro reportedly called Carmona to urge him to think again, particularly on the very sensitive matter of dissolving the elected popular assembly. This is another key detail that's normally suppressed from standard the-US-did-it versions of the story. How you interpret this fact depends on your general attitude to US foreign policy, I suppose. But to me, if the Assembly had certified Chávez's absence, it would be hard to call what had happened a coup - so Shapiro's call was, to my mind, an attempt to avert an illegal handover of power, to keep the process within constitutional bounds.
Pedro Carmona rejected Ambassador Shapiro, saying he could not be seen to backtrack on his first major decision. The following day, a desperately isolated Carmona would offer to reverse this position, agreeing to convene the National Assembly after all. By then, it was too late.
Carmona's biggest problem, though, was that he failed to obtain the one thing he needed to give his rule any semblance of legitimacy: a signed resignation letter. As the hours passed, and especially in pro-Chávez circles, rumors grew that Chávez had refused to sign a resignation letter and had therefore been kidnapped. It was the international media that carried this story first, in particular CNN, which even had a telephone interview from someone claiming to be Marisabel, Chávez's wife, denying her husband had resigned.
Had the Carmona clique worked to gain a broader base of support, had it not alienated so many potential allies so quickly, it might well have weathered this "bump in the road." But by the time Carmona realized he had to give way, it was already too late.
April 13th: The Incredible Collapsing Coup
I woke up on the morning of April 13th to a puzzling anomaly. My clock radio woke me up to a nice spot about the history of the arepa. Since I was looking for news, I fiddled with the dial a bit - This Week in Baseball, dubbed, was on one station, a catholic mass on another, and so on. I turned on the TV and found I had a choice between animaniacs, a Major League Baseball game on channel 10, or canned day-old news on Globovision. Hmmm. "That's it then," I thought, "just 48 hours old and the coup's already stopped making headlines..." Politics, I mused, would be commendably boring under Carmona. At last.
But then the phone rang. It was my colleague Juana. "Chamo, I don't like the way this is going down. The witch-hunt is still going on and suddenly there are no news...who knows what's happening behind the scenes?! No chamo, I don't like it at all..." Juana's call was my first intimation that the coup was in trouble. I started flipping through the radio dial more aggressively. Absolutely no news on any station. "What the hell?" I thought. I had no way to know then that the infamous April 13th news blackout was on.
By late on the 12th, insiders could tell what the rest of the country could not: Carmona's de facto regime was in trouble. Word that Chávez had not, in fact, signed a resignation letter was spreading fast. Meanwhile, Carmona's parallel pissing-off of the Labor unions and much of the Army hierarchy was making it increasingly difficult for him to control the situation. Only the media, it seemed, remained solidly in the Carmonista camp.
It appears that on the afternoon of the 12th, Carmona had gathered together the nation's media owners and asked them, somewhat circomloquitously, to help ensure his government's stability. The owners understood the coded message clearly enough. Soon, all reporting of the collapsing coup was banned from the private media. During one of the most historically important dates in Venezuela's contemporary history, the TV channels and radio stations simply ignored the story - with the single, heroic exception of Radio Fe y Alegria, the Jesuit station, and the only station in Caracas to have broken the cartel that day. The media owners were willing to do whatever it took to keep Chávez out of power - and believed, no doubt rightly, that their traditional influence over governance would be restored in a Carmona regime. In this aspect, if in few others, The Revolution will not be Televised actually gets the story right: in an important sense, the media elite owned the coup - and they showed themselves willing to abdicate their duty to inform in order to help sustain it.
Media owners would later claim that conditions were simply not safe enough to send their reporters out that day. As an excuse, it's not a very good one. Reporters are, by nature, aggressively curious people. Many were dying for permission to go out and report on the events of the day. Their bosses told them in no uncertain terms they could not. Some went out anyway, some even going as far as to sneak into Miraflores Palace to cover Chávez's return against their editors’ objections. In some cases, those editors refused to run the stories that resulted.
Surely, the streets were dangerous that day, but it was hardly Beirut. There was rioting and looting in much of the city, especially in the far west, Petare and Chapellin. There were reports of Metropolitan Police excesses in trying to quell these disturbances, and I've heard stories of up to 50 looters shot dead, though - to repeat my mantra once again, it's impossible to be sure because no serious investigation has ever been held. The absence of news about the latest crises gave the situation a strange, other-worldly feel. To see your city burn is one thing. To see it burn and to see the media refuse to talk about it is quite another. The rumor mill went into unprecedented overdrive.
I was lucky that day. Since I was working as a freelancer, there was no boss around to stop me from going out and reporting. So I did. I'd heard rumors that Chavistas were congregating outside Fuerte Tiuna to demand the president's return. At about 11:30 am, Megan and I headed out with a video camera to see if we could talk to them. We somehow managed to find a taxi driver crazy enough to take us there, and we headed out.
First, we drove through downtown. The city was mostly deserted. Very few cars, almost no pedestrians, and little groups of 5-15 chavistas on most corners holding pro-Chávez signs. Our cab driver radioed her colleagues to find out the situation in Catia, and quickly refused to take us there. "Too much shooting," she said. She agreed, however, to take us to Fuerte Tiuna.
As we crossed the tunnels on the way to the Fort, we got an up-close look at some of the west-side shantytowns. We saw the same thing we'd seen downtown. Small groups of people, in clumps of 5 or 10 or 15 at most, had come together on some corners to wave Venezuelan flags and hand made signs demanding Chávez's return to power. Some cars honked at them in support.
Arriving at Fuerte Tiuna's main entrance was a bizarre experience. A set of three armored personnel carriers blocked the entrance, and a line of military police was deployed just in front of them. Behind the soldiers, there was a small but exceedingly emotional pro-Chávez crowd covering the highway overpass into Fuerte Tiuna. The crowd did not quite fill the overpass - to my untrained eye it looked to be about 1000 people or so.
They were, however, about as angry as I've ever seen anyone be angry. They were enraged at the blackout, and grateful for the chance to explain what was happening to a camera. "We've been coming since yesterday. Yesterday the Metropolitan Police came in to disperse us shooting. They left a whole bunch of people dead. But we're back now because Chávez is our president and we know he's being held hostage and we demand him back!" said one woman, tears rolling down her face.
We spent about an hour on that overpass, getting footage and talking to people. The atmosphere was tense and emotional - the soldiers really looked like they had no clue what they were doing there - but everyone was really nice to us. At about 1:30 we took a taxi back home. On the way, I scanned the radio for news again. Nothing.
By this time, the coup was crumbling fast. Most relevantly, General Vásquez Velasco had decided to strike back against the Carmona faction. In mid-afternoon he went on the air to read a communique. I think it’s worth quoting it at length, because it really is quite an extraordinary document:
"On April 11th, the Army issued an institutional statement with relation to the casualties generated that day due to the unwillingness to dialogue on the part of the President of the Republic and his government. Civil society, rich and poor together, marched peacefully and were repressed by the forces of order and attacked by sharpshooters around Miraflores Palace.
"The army was ordered to place tanks on the streets, without the consent of the Commander of the Army (i.e. Vásquez Velasco himself.) This could not be tolerated, because it would have caused thousands of deaths. Our statement on April 11th was institutional and geared against the actions of the government. It was loyal to constitutional norms and consistent with democratic institution. It was not a military coup perpetrated by the army.
"As Commander of the Army, together with the high command and many other officers, we send a message of calm to the people of Venezuela and we inform them that the army is working hard to correct errors and omissions made in this transition. We therefore make the following demands:
1. Establish a transition based on the 1999 constitution, the applicable laws, and respect for human rights.
2. Eliminate the Transitional Government decree of April 12th, 2002.
3. Reconvene the National Assembly.
4. Seek consensus with all the social forces in the nation to constitute a transition government that is representative and marked by pluralism.
"We issue a call to peace and calm, and for every government action to be carried out with maximum respect for human rights...
"We demand the construction of a society without exclusion, where any protest or disquiet can be manifested peacefully, without weapons, and with the full exercise of liberty within the rule of law...
"We guarantee the security and the respectful treatment of Lieutenant Colonel Hugo Chávez and his family. We urge the authorities to comply with Lieutenant Colonel Chávez request to leave the country immediately and we demand live TV images of Lieutenant Colonel Chávez be broadcast immediately.
"We the members of the Armed Forces guarantee the security of all the people of Venezuela.
Mayor General Efrain Vásquez Velasco
Commander of the Venezuelan Army
Some fascist he is, huh?
Several things to note about the statement. First of all, it makes a mockery of those who would equate April 11th, 2002 with September 11th, 1973 in Santiago. One struggles to picture General Pinochet signing a declaration like this one. More clearly than any other document from that weekend, the statement makes it clear that, whatever April 11th-14th was, it was not a traditional Latin American coup d'etat.
The other thing to notice was that, in some ways, the statement is the public start of the counter-coup. In many ways, General Vásquez Velasco made both the key decision in toppling Chávez and the key decision in reinstating him.
Hearing the statement, Carmona finally realized his decree was untenable. He went on National Television late in the afternoon to pledge to reverse course and, in particular, convene the National Assembly - which had become the key litmus test of respect of the constitution. By that point, it was way too late. The plan to bring Chávez back was already well underway.
Sensing that the coup was faltering, two key pro-Chávez army officers stepped forward, General Jorge Garcia Carneiro and General Raul Baduel. Together, they put together an "Operation Restore Dignity" - to return Chávez to Miraflores. No one dared to fight them on this.
Garcia Carneiro was, at the time, head of the army division based in Fuerte Tiuna. He never acquiesced to the coup, though some claim he chickened out badly at one point. Story has it that on the 13th, Garcia Carneiro managed to get out of Fuerte Tiuna in a light tank which he drove through the west-side slums urging people to rise up and restore Chávez. Garcia Carneiro has since been given his "third sun" and, despite a mediocre military record, he's now Defense Minister.
The second and far more influential player was Baduel, the head of the Paratroop Brigade based in Maracay, about 150 kilometers west of Caracas. Baduel, who has since been promoted to Vásquez Velasco's old job as overall Commander of the Army, is an old friend of Chávez. In April 2002, he commanded the brigade Chávez once belonged to. Journalists who have made it into his office are always amazed by the smell of incense and the eastern religious paraphernalia he keeps around. Baduel makes no attempt to hide it: he's a proud, practicing Daoist.
General Raul BaduelBaduel had been close to Chávez for many years. He participated in the infamous 1982 Saman de Güere conspiratorial oath, pledging to work together for a revolution. The general soon made it clear he would not cooperate with Carmona's de facto regime. This is significant because the 43rd Paratrooper Brigade is by far the best equipped and best trained fighting force in the Venezuelan army. By most accounts, the paratroopers are really the only well equipped and properly trained fighting force in the army. Baduel set about coordinating the operation to first locate and then bring back Chávez to Miraflores.
Baduel's move changed the military equation decisively. The rest of the army quickly understood that, to make the coup stand, they would have to shoot it out with the Paratrooper Brigade, something nobody wanted to do. As Carmona had already alienated most of his natural base of support by then, the rest of the army was loathe to fight and die for him. Baduel's decision to back Chávez essentially closed the deal.
Carmona never had a chance to react. By the time he realized that the Presidential Honor Guard, the Caracas Army Division and the Paratroopers were all working to bring back Chávez, his support was too narrow to stage any kind of fight back. In the afternoon, a pro-Chávez crowd began to assemble outside Miraflores. Soon enough, Carmona caught on that the Honor Guard would not act to disperse them. In a frightful hurry, he and his people abandoned Miraflores, leaving behind stacks of agendas and documents that the chavistas deeply enjoyed reading over the following weeks. Lists of potential Carmonista ministers left behind in the rush have been used again and again by the government to tar those listed in them.
As the coup collapsed more and more visibly, more and more chavistas felt emboldened to come out onto the streets. By 10:00 p.m. a decent crowd had gathered in front of Miraflores Palace - about four blocks' worth of Avenida Urdaneta, according to eye-witnesses. Certainly, it's quite impressive to turn out 30 or 40,000 people with no official organization and in dangerous circumstances like this. The hardest of Caracas' hardcore chavistas sure did turn out: they were not about to miss the momentous occassion of Chávez's phoenix like return to power.
But even when the chavistas get it right, they have to go and ruin it with crazy exaggerations. Instead of embracing the 40,000 outside Miraflores that night, Chávez went on to claim that as many as 8 million people had come out on the streets that day. In official chavista lore, it was this massive people-power outburst of solidarity that brought Chávez back to power. Alarmingly, I've seen more than one foreign correspondent buy this line, which is demonstrably wrong.
The 8 million figure is not even believable as a send up. Not only is the estimate at least two orders of magnitude too large, but it gets the causality backwards: Chávez did not return because the crowds came out, the crowds came out because they realized Chávez was about to return. The key decisions - both to remove Chávez and to reinstate them - were taken behind closed doors by high-ranking military men.
At about 8:00 pm, the situation turned nastier. Incensed at the absence of news coverage that day, pro-Chávez civilian groups - the famous Circulos Bolivarianos - activated a plan to stick it to the private channels. Riding around in swarms of motorcycles, they started touring the studios of the main TV channels, throwing stones through the windows and shooting into the buildings sporadically. The media switched, within minutes, from showing shlocky American made-for-TV movies to covering what was happening directly outside their doors. For over two hours, they cowered in terror, using the airwaves to ask for someone, anyone to come and protect them. But with Carmona having already lost control of the situation, the military chain of command had collapsed all over again. There seemed to be no one around with the authority or the desire to order the National Guard to step in and stop the violence.
By 10:00 pm or so, word got around that although the Venezuelan channels had no real news, Colombia's Radio Caracol and CNN en Español had coverage of the crisis. Since Caracol comes through the satellite dish system in Caracas, once again the city was split between the dish-owners, who had access to information, and everyone else. By 11:00, Radio Caracol had made it clear that the coup had comprehensibly unravelled and Chávez was on his way back to Miraflores. The Venezuelan stations only announced as much after midnight. In an interview I'll never forget, a terrified Pedro Penzini Fleury interviewed hardcore pro-Chávez National Assemblymember Cilia Flores on UnionRadio, and I swear at one point he half-apologized to her for having overthrown her government. Surreal.
By 3:00 a.m. the following morning, the chavistas had retaken Miraflores and symbolically swore-in Chávez's vice-president, Diosdado Cabello, as head of state. A few hours later, Chávez returned to Miraflores to an ecstatic reception from his followers. Even the most recalcitrant anti-chavista journalists I know who were at Miraflores for the event own up that it was a moving, exciting experience. "That day," one of them told me, "it doesn't matter how escualido you thought you were, when you saw the faces on the people outside Miraflores as Chávez got out of that helicopter, you could not help but be a chavista."
A chastised Chávez gave an early morning speech, thanking his supporters and pledging to change, to really change after this experience. He promised to govern inclusively, to bring critics on board. The good intentions did not last long, but the promises fanned speculation that certain conditions had been imposed on Chávez before he had returned to office, including chiefly a change in tone. Consonant with the conditioned-return theory is the fact that the president has never again been seen illegally wearing his military uniform - a key source of friction within the army.
This is as much as I know about what happened that weekend. Clearly, many questions remain unaswered mostly because - have I mentioned this yet? - no proper investigation has ever been held.
It's worth dwelling on this a bit longer because, more than anything that happened on April 11th-14th, it's the government's subsequent unwillingness to investigate that seems most damning to me. Certainly, they were urged to investigate credibly from, quite literally, the very first day after Chávez's return.
On April 15th, Teodoro Petkoff wrote this in his Simon Boccanegra column:
"The killings on April 11th around Miraflores Palace must not remain a mystery. Those responsible must be taken before the courts. But to find them, an investigation has to be headed by a sort of 'truth commission,' an absolutely impartial body trusted by all. In this war of accusations and counter-accusations, it's the government that stands to gain the most from a Truth Commission because suspicion today falls most strongly on some of its backers. The Prosecutors' Office must, of course, carry out its duties, but just like in some Central American countries and Argentina and Chile, the official institutions should act in parallel with a Truth Commission in order to clear up any doubt about what happened. No investigation carried out only by official institution, regardless of the evidence they put forward, will be credible. National reconciliation can only be achieved through justice, not revenge. The basis for justice is truth."Two days later, he added:
"Everyone understands that only an impartial investigation will be credible to everyone. Turning this page, not allowing this despicable episode to turn into a tumor that attacks the entire future political life of this deeply divided country, will only be possible establishing the truth and prosecuting those responsible for what happened."And on April 18th, he wrote:
"What we had feared has started to happen. The sad events of April 11th have already been turned into projectiles tossed back and forth between the various political parties, who accuse each other of responsibility for the deaths. Instead of waiting for the result of an investigation from a Truth Commission, in Parliament each side went straight for "its" videos and "its" photos to sustain "its" truth. This road is totally barren and, from the start, demonstrates an unwillingness to get to the truth. Each side seems to want to keep the affair in a cloud of uncertainty, seeking to keep the events confusing enough to use as a political argument in future debates. This would be a calamity for the country."It was only one week after this piece that prosecutors finally moved in to "secure" the crime scene. By then, most of the evidence was gone, obviously.
Writing just a week after the massacre, Teodoro showed why he is the only political analyst in Venezuela today whose judgment one can trust unreservedly. Today, almost two years later, the country has seen neither a Truth Commission nor an impartial investigation. Just as Teodoro predicted, the deaths have turned into an inscrutable mystery, poisoning an already tense political atmosphere. Physical evidence of the crimes on Avenida Baralt was allowed to decay for two weeks before Fiscalia experts showed up to secure it. By then, much of the evidence - bullet cases, broken windows, etc. - had been cleared away.
Meanwhile, the Puente Llaguno gunmen have been repeatedly feted by the president as "heroes of the revolution." The only people being actively investigated for murder for the events of April 11th are the Metropolitan Policemen who tried to keep the sides apart on Avenida Baralt.
Just as Teodoro predicted just a week after the events, the deaths from April 11th have become a political molotov cocktail, a weapon used by each side to blame the other. In the hands of openly chavista prosecutors like Danilo Anderson, the investigation into the affair is a mockery, a slap in the face for those who were killed and wounded that day. Barely bothering to hide his partiality, Anderson first motioned to move the Llaguno Gunmen trial to Aragua State - a hotbed of judicial chavismo - and, not surprisingly, did not manage to convict any of them of anything. While Richard Pe?alver walks the streets as a revolutionary hero and vows to the press to continue to defend the revolution "with my hands, or whatever I may have in my hands", Henrique Capriles dodges an arrest warrant for trying to stop a riot outside the Cuban embassy the following day.
By now, it's doubtful whether the crimes of April 2002 can ever be solved. Barring a spectacular revelation by an insider, it's hard to imagine how even the best investigator could get to the bottom of this. It's what the government wanted.
As new cases of political violence are registered in Caracas, the government remains committed to its April Crisis game-plan when facing opposition accusations of violence: first, appoint a politically motivated prosecutor (preferably Anderson), second, wait, third, carry out a flawed investigation, fourth, convict no one. The result has been systematic impunity for anyone who acts in the name of the revolution.
The other purpose of this essay was to clear up what we know about the role of the US in this mess. I believe that US influence was decidedly marginal. The political forces tearing Venezuela's society (and its military) apart were strong enough to account for what took place. The assertions of US involvement in the coup that I've seen are mostly matters of speculation or dogma, and they never seem to be based on a specific hypothesis about what the US did, when, and how. Proving that, several months before, some US-funded organizations had given money to some of the people who were eventually involved in the coup is simply not good enough. And Chavista allegations that US Navy ships operated inside Venezuelan territorial waters hardly clear matters up: if it's so, what was their role? What were they doing? What, specifically, did the CIA do to aid the coupsters? (or the coupsters-within-a-coup?) What are the mechanics of US involvement?
I've never read a plausible answer to those questions. This is not to say the US was not involved, merely that I've never seen a good reason to think the gringoes were involved. As a rule, those who allege US involvement seem far more interested in bashing American foreign policy than in understanding the complex events of that weekend. Plan Avila, for instance, is never mentioned, and the cadena-during-a-massacre is always glossed over. In fact, only evidence that tends to suggest US involvement is trotted out, everything else is suppressed. As I noted, the words “Plan Avila” are uniformly suppressed from chavista retellings of the story. This kind of selective forgetting is, to my mind, a distinguishing feature of political propaganda.
Those who want to argue that the US was a key player in the story have a duty to explain to us precisely what it is the US did, when, where and how, and how those actions fit in with the rest of the story as we understand it on the basis of the available evidence. Otherwise, the "Bush-did-it" hypothesis comes to sound entirely contrived - a propaganda slogan based on faith devoid of documentary underpinnings.
To my mind, the bulk of the evidence suggests that the decision to remove Chávez was made by the Venezuelan Army under quite unprecedented circumstances, and the decision to bring Chávez back was also made by the Venezuelan Army under quite unprecedented circumstances. Others are entitled to interpret events differently, but they must do so on the basis of evidence rather than ideological assertion.
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Here is a quick tip from François Beaufort to test the battery health of your Chromebook. All you have to do is enter the Chrome OS command line using Ctrl + Alt + T and enter the following command:
That will run a (very) short test and tell you how good your battery is now.
My Samsung Chromebook Series 5 550 shows 69% and I found at least one more 5 550 user with similar results on Google Plus. Pixel users seem to get around 90 – 95, and there are people reporting CR48 still holding up at 100%. Test your battery health now and let me know in comments!
A quick note on Batter Health from Wikipedia:
State of health (SOH) is a figure of merit of the condition of a battery (or a cell, or a battery pack), compared to its ideal conditions. The units of SOH are percent points (100% = the battery’s conditions match the battery’s specifications).
Typically, a battery’s SOH will be 100% at the time of manufacture and will decrease over time and use. However, a battery’s performance at the time of manufacture may not meet its specifications, in which case its initial SOH will be less than 100%.
So, what’s your number?
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In a budget scenario, it is disheartening to spend thousands of dollars to visit tourist-oriented resort cities and similar exotic destinations. Well, the good news is that there are plenty of exotic yet affordable vacation destinations across the world. Read on and learn more so you can make an informed decision for your next holiday trip.
St Kitts & Nevis
Esteemed for their sugary sand beaches and picturesque towns, the islands of St Kitts & Nevis are spectacular tropical destinations. St Kitts & Nevis, a two-island country in the West Indies, boasts some world-class tourist spots including the Old Road bay, Sandy Bay and Frigate Bay Peninsula. The Mount Liamuiga’s cloud-fringed peak and dense tropical forests greatly appeal to eco-tourists and nature-lovers. There are inexpensive restaurants offering meals for about $10 per head.
Gambia, a tiny African country, is a lively place that still offers a glimpse of authentic Africa. Its colonial history can be seen in crumbling historical structures and an old museum. The busy port, vibrant markets and lush landscapes contribute to a great holiday experience. Banjul, the capital city, is surrounded by serene countryside. The mangrove-lined waterways connecting to the mainland, wetlands and forests offer unique experiences for bird-watchers, fishermen and general explorers. Hotels and restaurants are about 84 percent less expensive than the United States.
Morocco is popular for its ancient fortresses and exotic marketplaces. Deserted beaches, breathtaking mountain ranges and cedar forests are among the spectacular features that make it an exotic destination. Though Morocco’s major cities are costly, the towns on the Saharan border are inexpensive yet thrilling – camel rides, hikes, and much more. You can make the most of your vacation spending less than $50 per day including meals and accommodation.
Jamaica (Montego Bay)
Jamaica is a Caribbean delight with its elegant landscapes, golden beaches and blue mountains. Apart from snorkeling and beach activities, it offers great opportunities for hikers and mountain bikers. The Montego Bay and the west coast form the center of Jamaica’s cultural diversity. There are plenty of cheap flights to Jamaica from major U.S. cities. Accommodations are available from around $75. You can find meals for around $5 on a beach. There are a variety of restaurants to choose from and costs vary.
Peru is a great base to explore the Inca ruins of Machu Picchu and the Amazon forests. Apart from exploring the Sacred Valley, you can go hiking in the Andes, explore Arequipa’s colonial architecture, fly over the Nazca lines or go boating across the world’s highest lake. While local restaurants offer a good meal for $1 to $3, in tourist areas you can find eat for less than $5 per head. Lima and Cuzco offer decent accommodations for around $50 per night.
Roatan Island, Hounduras
Just 30 miles off the Hounduras coast, Roatan Island is a Caribbean paradise – blue skies, azure waters, shimmering beaches and year-round sunshine. The island offers plenty of water sports and adventures. It is known for a low crime rate, an added advantage. Budget lodgings are available from $10 per night. Gourmet meals are available from $15 per head.
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[How are religiosity, psychological distress and integration interrelated? A comparative study of the religiosity in Turkish/Kurdish migrants in comparison to Germans].
The current study aimed to assess the association between religious involvement, psychological distress and various aspects of integration in a population of Turkish/Kurdish migrants in primary care. We compared the group of Turkish/Kurdish migrants (n = 179, age m = 39.4 years, 65.0 % female) with German dermatological patients (n = 184, age m = 43.1 years, 60.9 % female) with regard to their religiosity. On average the migrants lived in Germany for 24.98 years (SD = 8.90). Compared to the German patients, they showed higher religious involvement and participation. The migrants were highly significant more religious (p < 0.001) than the German patients. Contrary to expectation, no significant correlations between measures of religiosity and psychological distress were found for the Turkish migrant group. Further, inverse relationships between measures of religiosity and measures of integration resulted. Migrants who were more acculturated showed less religiosity. The religious affiliation of the examined group was islamic. It remains open if the inverse association between religiosity and integration would be the same also for other religions.DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220340
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A Legacy of Civility
This is an excerpt from an account of Eugene Bahniuk and his involvement in ASTM International Committee F27 (click on the link to find the complete story).
At this summer’s meeting of ASTM International Committee F27 on Snow Skiing, members paused to remember a man who, more than any other, was responsible for standards in the snow sports industry. Eugene Bahniuk, who founded the original snow skiing committee in 1972, died this past May at his home in Cleveland, Ohio, at the age of 81. During the meeting and in the weeks that followed, his friends and colleagues exchanged memories of Bahniuk and the influence his life had on the sport, the industry and Committee F27, which celebrated its 25th anniversary this year.
In 1972, skiing was more art than science. Skis, boots and bindings were made in different countries and then often assembled in still another country. The industry could not agree on where the binding went on the ski, how it should be installed, or even how the release function should be adjusted and verified. Boots were not made to any particular shape and the physical properties of boot, binding and ski (and how the assembled system should function) were undefined.
By the early 1970s the need for standards was most critical for retail and rental shop operators who were expected to create order from all of the chaos in products and procedures. In the United States, their plight was made more immediate by the threat of litigation initiated by injured skiers. Producers saw the problem as an impediment to continued growth, while researchers in the field and advocates for the end user also weighed in. But as trade publications of the day pointed out, there was no agreement among these diverse interests on who was responsible for the disorder and who or what should take the lead in solving the problems.
In April 1972, Bahniuk and 60 others became the core group that formed Subcommittee F08.14 on Snow Skiing (part of ASTM International Committee F08 on Sports Equipment and Facilities). Ten years later, F08.14 had matured enough under Bahniuk’s leadership to become a separate ASTM committee, F27 on Snow Skiing. Bahniuk was the founding chairman of Subcommittee F08.14 and the first chairman of Committee F27, serving as either chairman or vice chairman until he retired in 1999.
Subcommittee F08.14 and later Committee F27 were composed of a diverse, independent-minded group of people driven by their own interests (manufacturers, ski area operators, retailers, consumers, medical professionals, attorneys, government representatives, engineers and academics). This diversity increased when F27 took on snowboarding in the mid-1980s.
Early on, Bahniuk developed a reputation for honesty and integrity that lent credibility to the standards he helped develop. With his reputation for fair play and truthfulness, he was able to prevent special interests from dominating the standards process and reach consensus in such areas as ski shop practices, product specifications, definitions and test methods. The careful deliberative style he established is a guide and an inspiration to those who continue his work.
Dick Bohr, ski shop owner and longtime ASTM member, agrees, “With his quiet professionalism that enlisted the participation and enthusiasm of many, and with his non-confrontational approach, he reached European as well as American participants. His patience was a necessary part of the consensus process of ASTM. The retail standards used today by ski specialty shops took 14 years of meetings and the resolution of a fair amount of controversy to finally establish. But improved and safer ski shop services for customers resulted.”
Professor Bahniuk had over 20 papers related to skiing safety published in refereed publications, in addition to numerous articles in newspapers and consumer magazines. Most of his publications can be found in the proceedings of the International Society for Skiing Safety (ISSS) (published every two years by ASTM) of which he was a founding member. He continued to referee and edit for research journals until shortly before his death. In his time he brought together many of the best minds in the sport, the research community and the industry to accomplish a great good. He also helped establish a tradition of civility that will be his legacy. //
By Carl Ettlinger, Ray Panella and Margaret Bahniuk
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1. Augmented & Virtual Reality:
Many thought, AR and VR will only be limited to tourism as well as the hospitality industries, where people get the chance or tend to experience everything beforehand and then they go ahead by putting the money in the booking. This theory was broken into cracks when the smartphone game Pokémon Go was released. Pokémon Go singlehandedly emerged to become the flag bearer of Augmented Reality. It showed that the user today is ready for user experiences that are integrated with cross-screen functionality. For anyone who thinks PC will still be equally relevant for gaming, you need to think again.
It does not allow for the biggest feature a smartphone has – and that is portability. And Goldman Sachs agrees on this by predicting that by 2025 the Augmented Reality technology as well as the market for this tech will touch the $80 billion mark, which is the current size of the PC market. This very report has proven to show some highlights of the various applications of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality. Though AR and VR have been going the rounds of tech circles as becoming the most used terms, they are yet to reach their wide range of applications in the smartphone category. So far, only the Gaming, Real Estate, Hospitality as well as the Tourism industries have seen some light into the applications of AR and VR tech. That said, Goldman Sachs also predicts that soon this tech will spread over Healthcare, Retail, Engineering and Education sectors as well. The simplest rule is – the more the number of applications, the more the downloads! So one thing is for sure, that AR as well as VR technology will only drive the already ongoing growth of smartphone apps that solves real problems.
2. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning:
AI has been all over the charts, with both developers and programmers as well as many users excited about it. Artificial Intelligence is going to become the collective term that imbibed Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, Machine Vision as well as Knowledge Management. Gartner says that AI is going to be the topmost strategic tech trend for 2020. Major app products like Cortana, Google Allo, Hound, Siri as well as Recent News are already making use of and putting AI to good use.
3. Cloud-driven mobile apps:
This technology has simply allowed the users and visitors to get rid of the entire process of storing an app on their smartphone as well as all its data on their own phones. It allows you to store your data in the cloud that is on a remote server. And with the usage of an internet connection or a data connection. You can simply access your files and data, from anywhere, anytime only using your device.
This frees up space on the device and keeps it light enough in order to function as well as perform better. Developers and programmers see Cloud as the future of app development because it allows all the users to go beyond the device’s maximum storage capacities. Google Drive, Box and Dropbox are few examples to quote and these are some of the best known Cloud storage applications available for the users. Most of them provide users with free storage up to a great limit.
4. Internet of Things:
IoT has been a buzzword for quite some time now as far as smartphone apps are concerned. It stands for an ecosystem of devices where your gadgets can communicate amongst themselves. This is the technology that offers to personalize themselves according to your needs and preferences, without explicit instructions. Imagine, your alarm goes off in the morning and you wake up, and as you reach to your coffee maker, your coffee has already been heated. Your car sends you a text message saying whether it has enough fuel to reach office or not. IoT is meant to personalize and customize everything that is a part of your day to day life. Smart homes, connected cars as well as smart retail are being predicted to be the biggest applications happening for IoT.
A more sophisticated extension of IoT is going to be wearables, this has got their wave of popularity. This has made them surge with the launch of Google Glasses. That said, it got its ambitioned credit with Apple Watch as well as Fitbit. Largely, Wearables today only mean watches and fitness bands. This can definitely extend to eyeglasses, apparel as well as footwear in the coming near future. Smartphone apps will get new data sources to extract information from. This information will then help in personalizing the entire experience for the smartphone user.
Recommended Read: How is IoT leveraging the Mobile App Development Industry
6. Beacons and Location-based services:
Stretching the personalizing spree that has been set by IoT as well as Wearables. Beacons are used to give users the flexibility of using location tracking systems at very resourceful costs. Beacons or Bluetooth Smart are nothing but transmitters that require low power. Tile is the most popular app that is using this technology. You can use the tiny devices for your perusal and attach them to anything or any device, which you are prone to lose. For example car keys, your phone and many more. And when the object or device is within a range of 100 ft. it will start beeping. When you are trying to look for it. Such technology has great application in that is being put to use in Security, Logistics and Tracking services.
M-Commerce is soon going to be the primary source of sales. That is overtaking both physical retail as well as e-commerce. This is evident by the proliferating user-base that is growing with mobile apps. This trend is spreading over to e-commerce giants like Amazon, and eBay. These companies have emerged to understand the relevance of smartphones are going to get better. They are how they empower buyers and shoppers to shop whenever and from wherever they want. These trends have the potential to change the fate as well as the face of the way we interact and use our smartphones. A closer look at our apps shows us that today the change has already begun!
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According to a report from The Wall Street Journal, Microsoft will be investing in Cyanogen, Inc., the Android ROM builder. The report says that Microsoft would be a “minority investor” in a $70 million round of financing that values Cyanogen in the “high hundreds of millions.”
Cyanogen takes the Android source code and modifies it, adding more features and porting it to other devices. It has also started supplying Android builds directly to OEMs (like the OnePlus One), which ship the software on devices instead of stock Android. Last week during a talk in San Francisco, Cyanogen’s CEO said the company’s goal was to “take Android away from Google.” It wants to replace the Google Play ecosystem with apps of its own, the same way that Amazon uses the Android Open Source Project for its Kindle Fire products but adds its own app and content stores.
Google pushes a lot of requirements on Android OEMs. If they want the Google Play Store, it also forces them to take all other Google products and services. There is also an “anti-fragmentation clause,” which forbids OEMs from selling Android devices without Google Play. Cyanogen’s Android distributions wouldn’t have any such limitations, but then neither would a self-made AOSP build.
A Microsoft investment in the company would be the latest in Redmond’s ironic ties to Android. Microsoft is thought to make more from Android patent licensing fees than it does from Windows Phone, and through its purchase of Nokia, the company even briefly sold Android-based handsets. Now, according to the Journal, Microsoft will become an investor in a company that sells an Android distribution.
Cyanogen says 50 million people are using its modified version of Android, which would put it at five percent of the one billion active users that Google touts. Nearly all of those Cyanogen users are still using Google Play, though. The real challenge for the company will be convincing its hardcore Android user base to dump Google Play and use the Cyanogen app store.
This post originally said Microsoft would be investing $70 million in Cyanogen, but the company will be taking part in a $70 million investment round. It’s unknown how much Microsoft is investing.
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ECU pursues technology for distance learning
(Sept. 9, 1993)
Microwave links, fiber optics and satellites have produced dramatic change in the communications industry. As a result, television can show live events from anywhere in the world. Pictures and sound are vastly improved. Communication networks are flourishing. Conferences that once required long travel for participants have become teleconferences that can be attended without leaving town.
At East Carolina University, communication technology is also producing some profound changes—in health care, in the look of classrooms, and in the way professors teach.
Dr. J. Barry DuVall of the ECU School of Industry and Technology is among a rapidly growing number of college professors supporting the use of video networks to teach classes. DuVall is co-directing a joint teaching project between ECU and the School of Technology at North Carolina A&T University which will offer a shared master’s degree program in Industrial Technology at the two campuses.
The project involves the use of a private statewide communications network called “CONCERT” (Communications for North Carolina Education, Research and Technology) to deliver courses to graduate students at each university. The network links more than 13 N.C. universities and research institutions through the use of private microwave links, fiber optics and satellite technologies.
“If the tests that are underway are successful, both institutions will teach courses to students at their own universities, while simultaneously teaching students at the other location,” DuVall said.
He said the project could expand the number and types of graduate courses available to students on each campus. It could also improve the level of interaction between the schools and their faculty.
“Many other joint ventures may be possible,” he said. “This is only the beginning.”
The first class conducted jointly between the two campuses originated from Greensboro. The second class was at ECU this summer. Students participated in the classes at the originating site and at a video reception classrooms wired to microwave dishes and television monitors. Video classrooms used most frequently at ECU are in the Joyner Library and at the School of Medicine.
distance learning p. 2
Teaching a class at one site and receiving instruction at another is not new. Educational television has used the idea for years.
Universities in Oklahoma, Washington, and Colorado began using audio and visual technologies to carry their classroom presentations to distant locations more than 20 years ago. Initially, these schools relied on mailing video tapes to adult students who couldn’t attend classes on campus.
In recent years the schools have developed interactive video to carry their classes to adults living in outlying places. It is this interactive function—the capability for a teacher at one classroom site to interact with students at another site—that has brought renewed interest to video teaching.
The technologies have created a new field of study called “distance learning.” Much of the future of colleges and universities will depend on distance learning, according to DuVall.
For example, he said ECU is now exploring the possibilities of offering a master’s degree program over an interactive network at a number of manufacturing facilities operat
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Then in October 2000, when she was 42 years old, her life changed in one week. One day she found herself in the maternity ward of the largest hospital in Cartagena as a volunteer. In her arm was a terribly sick 12-year-old boy. The boy soon died in her arms. To her shock she learnt later that the death was completely preventable.
“His mother needed $30 that I had in my pocket. I will never forget that,” she said. “It was a preventable death.”
In just a few days another more personal shock awaited Catalina. Her 16-month-old son fell from the balcony of her home and died. She was overwhelmed by grief.
“It was agony,” said Escobar. “I didn’t want any mother to feel the same pain, so … I took action.”
She sold her business and became a full time volunteer. She started a foundation in the name of her son. Using her entrepreneurial skills she has been able to forge a three-way partnership between her foundation, public hospitals, and the private sector. She started her work first in the dilapidated neo-natal unit of a public hospital serving the poorest neighborhoods. Within the first 5 years she was able to bring down infant mortality by 67%.
But soon she realized that the children would go back to the slums and the cycle of poverty would continue. She then started working with teen mothers, providing them with education and skills to break out of the cycle of poverty. Since she started she has helped save thousands of children and is now working with over 2000 teen mothers providing them education and counseling. Her work has not gone unnoticed. She has been recognized as an Ashoka Fellow. This allows her work to be documented so that others can replicate it. In 2012 CNN recognized her as a CNN Hero and her foundation will get a $50,000 award. If you want to get involved you can start with her foundation’s website.
Related and credits:
Catalina Escobar: CNN Hero.
You-tube video released by CNN on Catalina Escobar
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In recent decades, the consequences of climate change on the planet have had an increasing impact on the dynamics of the development of national economies. Therefore, it is no coincidence that different parts of the world are adopting environmental programs that solve local and global problems in this area. The research subject is the issues related to environmental problems in the forestry complex of the macroregion of Yenisei Siberia. Their solution is proposed using public-private partnership mechanisms, through the formation of an industrial cluster, specialized financial institutions, and the use of appropriate specialized financial instruments. The study aimed to develop an effective system for solving environmental problems in the macro-region of Yenisei Siberia using public-private partnership mechanisms. One of the study results was assessing the prospects for solving environmental problems based on recycling by combining the activities of the industrial cluster and specialized financial organizations. The proposed approaches may be interesting for the subjects of the federation that are part of the macroregion and the world scientific community as a whole.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
About this article
31 March 2022
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Cite this article as:
Prokhorov, V., Zelenskaya, T., & Anikina, Y. (2022). Mechanisms Of Public-Private Partnership In Solving Environmental Problems. In & I. Savchenko (Ed.), Freedom and Responsibility in Pivotal Times, vol 125. European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences (pp. 625-632). European Publisher. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2022.03.75
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Women have two ovaries, which are small organs inside your body where eggs (ova) mature and are then released. This happens about once a month. The ovaries produce the hormones oestrogen, progesterone and testosterone.. In each menstrual cycle, follicles grow on the ovaries. Eggs develop within those follicles, one of which will reach maturity faster than the others and be released into the fallopian tubes. This is “ovulation”. The remaining follicles then degenerate.
In the case of polycystic ovaries, however, the ovaries are larger than normal, and there are a series of undeveloped follicles that appear in clumps, somewhat like a bunch of grapes.
Symptoms of PCOS
- Menstrual disorders: PCOS mostly produces oligomenorrhea (few menstrual periods) or amenorrhea (no menstrual periods), but other types of menstrual disorders may also occur.
- Infertility: This generally results directly from chronic anovulation (lack of ovulation).
- High levels of masculinizing hormones: The most common signs are acne and hirsutism (male pattern of hair growth), but it may produce frequent menstrual periods
- Metabolic syndrome: This appears as a tendency towards central obesity and other symptoms associated with insulin resistance. Serum insulin, insulin resistance and homocysteine levels are higher in women with PCOS.
Specialized Ayurvedic Treatment
Ayurvedic diets for PCOS focus on developing healthy Aartava (Female reproductive tissue-one of the dhatu). A diet for patients with PCOS include fresh food and Vegetable. Also recommend fresh fruits such as peaches, pears, plums as well as dried fruits such as dates, figs and raisins .It is also recommended to avoid spicy food, fermented food, Intake of butter milk, to improve the Agni ( Digestive fire). Intake porridge prepared from Ragi extract (nachini, Eleusine coracana). Prefer crystal sugar (Khadisakhar, Mishri) for taste instead of normal sugar. Weight watchers can prefer sugar substitutes however crystal sugar is very safe.
Aartava-kshaya, which can be correlated with PCOS has been described as deficiency or loss of artava, artava dose not appears in time or is delayed, is scanty and dose not last for three days. Pain in vagina also can be seen. According to Ayurveda, Aartava-kshaya is a disorder involving Pitta and Kapha doshas, Medas, Ambu/Rasa, Shukra/Artava Dhatu and Rasa, Rakta, Artava Vaha Srotas. Therefore Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome can also be described with same involvement of Dosha, Dhatu and Upadhatu Kapha predominance manifests as increased weight, subfertility, hirsutium, diabetic tendencies and coldness. Pitta predominance manifests as hair loss, acne, painful menses, clots and heart problems. Vata predominance manifests with painful menses, scanty or less menstrual blood and severe menstrual irregularity
The pathology is an obstruction in the pelvic cavity (Apana Kshetra) causing disorders in the flow of Vata. This in turn leads to an accumulation of Kapha and Pitta.
The treatment principle is to clear obstruction in the pelvis, normalize metabolism and regulate the menstrual system (Aartava Dhatu). Kapha reducing, insulin enhancing and hormone rebalancing drugs help to the relieve symptoms of Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome.
Ayurvedic Purification methods (Detoxification)
Ayurvedic ‘Panchakarma’ treatment gives definite answer to the increasing question of PCOS in the new era. Panchakarma therapy provides strength to the reproductive organs like Uterus, Ovaries, Fallopian tubes, Vagina in females & Testis in the males. Panchakarma therapy also maintains the hormonal balance.
1. Basti(Vasti): Enema of medicated oil or Decoction is given through Rectum. Vitiated “Vata” can create various health problems. Basti releases obstructions in the way of Vata dosha and thus regulates the normal phenomenon of “Vata”. Different types of medicated Oils, Ghruta, milk or decoctions are used for Basti treatment. It can state miracles if administered in a proper way with appropriate medicines.
Basti procedure eliminates the doshas from rectum. It balances the “Vata” Dosha. Apana Vayu is the type of “Vata Dosha”, which controls on the Shukra Dhatu (Semen) in males & Aartava (Ovum) in females. “Apan Vayu” controls the reproductive system. The procedure “Basti” regulates Apan Vayu which improves quality of Semen & Ovum.
In females oil Basti of “Sahachar Tail” improves quality of ovulation within normal days. In males the Basti procedure improves quality & quantity of Semen i.e. it improves total sperm count and motility of Semen.
Benefits of Basti—
- Female Infertility = Irregular Menses, Dysmenorrhea, P.C.O.D. Fallopian Tubal Block.
- Male Infertility = Erectile Dysfunction, Libido, Decreased Motility etc.
2. Uttarbasti (Vasti): Uttara basti(Vasti) is the most effective treatment in gynaecological disorders. It helps to purification and clears the Aartava Vaha Srotas, pacifies vitiated Apana Vayu and improve follicular maturity.
3. Virechan: It eliminates body toxins like vitiated ‘Pitta’. The process of cleansing is carried out in the small intestine & other Pitta zones. Here drugs that stimulate bowel movement are increased for the expulsion of doshas through rectum. It acts on hormones system like ‘Vaman Karma’.
4. Vaman: Cleansing procedure intended mainly for the expulsion of vitiated ‘Kapha’. This is a painless, drug induced emetic procedure, carried out mainly in the Vasant rhitu i.e. Feb. ,Mar. ,April Months.
Vaman procedure purifies internal toxins. This balances hormonal system. Vaman acts on Thyroid gland. It also stimulates Pancreas to secret insulin in normal level, so P.C.O.D. decreases accordingly.
Herbal medicines are very effective in regularising the hormones. Panchakarma Procedure are effective to correct the pathology of cysts. After proper completion of panchkarma procedure likes uttar basti(vasti) it has been observed that follicles do rupture naturally without any hormonal injections.
Get your baby naturally…….
Increase your chances of getting pregnant by determining when you are most fertile with Essential Baby’s Ovulation Calculator
(Note these dates are calculated based on specific parameters. Ovulation calculator gives you an approximate dates of your fertile days. This tool cannot be solely used during treatment. Kindly consult a doctor for perfect dates of your ovulation)
Posted by Dr.Vaibhav Kadam on July - 3 - 2014
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Re: "What Is The NWO?". Brilliant Short Film. 4 Meg WMV File
Nice find truebeliever. I'm with you on the WTC footage- very believable.
I was also interested to see the bit about Persephone being on the top of the capital and was trying to find out some more information on it but hadn't had much luck in drawing a strong link. According to this government site the status is of "Freedom"- here's some info:
The Architect of the Capitol
Works of Art in the Capitol Complex
The Statue of Freedom atop the Capitol dome
The statue is a classical female figure of Freedom wearing flowing draperies. Her right hand rests upon the hilt of a sheathed sword; her left holds a laurel wreath of victory and the shield of the United States with thirteen stripes. Her helmet is encircled by stars and features a crest composed of an eagle's head, feathers, and talons, a reference to the costume of Native Americans. A brooch inscribed "U.S." secures her fringed robes. She stands on a cast-iron globe encircled with the national motto, E Pluribus Unum. The lower part of the base is decorated with fasces and wreaths.
Not that I believe any of that but I couldn't find anything that says she was suppose to be the Virgin Marry (which she obviously isn't) nor could I find a strong link between the statue and Persephone.
I did find this book of interest too, thought you might like it truebeliever since you're starting to get into the symbolism:
The Secret Architecture of Our Nation's Capital: The Masons and the Building of Washington, D.C.
Also, David Icke has a good symbolism archives page:
Truth, Peace, Freedom, Trust, Abundance, Unselfishness, Joy, Humility and Pure Love
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Easy to understand
It only takes a short time to become
adept at Point and Figure charting. The techniques are
simple and don't require math or prior knowledge of
the Forex market.
It focuses or what really matters: Price movements
Most other technical charting is based
on a fixed time axis -- a bar per given period of time.
This time based bias can lead to false signals with
periods of little or no up or down movement.
The methodology is a chart and trading system all
Not only does the Point and Figure
chart depict price moves, but most importantly it
translates directly into a trading methodology producing
clear buy and sell signals.
It has been rigorously tested, and it works
Numerous academic studies have been
conducted over a span of decades showing Point and
Figure is profitable.
There are exact decision rules
Our Point and Figure charts provide specific entry and exit
points, eliminating the common faults of keeping a
bad trade too long, or getting out of a really profitable
one way too soon.
It gets you in on the major move
In Forex this is especially important
because the Currency Pairs trend very well and often
give massive moves in one direction or the other.
You'll be wisely holding that trade while others are
It works the same for both Long and Short positions
Clear Stop Loss and Profit Targets
are easily calculated BEFORE the trade, no guessing
It ramps up winning trades and keeps losing ones small
Using the "Pyramiding Technique"
you ramp your profitable trades and leave your losing
ones in single increment size.
It generates crystal-clear trend lines
In contrast to the typical bar chart
and other charting methods, Point and Figure is non
about where to place trend lines. Again, no guessing
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Caching, Flash, Disk and Storage's Future - Page 2
This means that calculation of pre-reading data into cache depends on either a block address being hit at least one time and often multiple times and then moved into flash cache. This is true in a POSIX file system world with attached storage controller figuring out where a file is and moving it. Things get a bit easier with object storage and storage, solutions that know the topology of the data, like the Seagate Kinetic disk drives.
What is the right tier
Finding the right tier is really hard without a priori knowledge. Take the following example with streaming video.
If the data has not been used in a long time it will likely be on the lowest tier of storage in terms of cost and performance. Let’s say you have a 500 MB file that you want to play. If you are only going to read the file one time, why should it be moved from low performance storage to higher performance storage?
On the other hand, what if the application that you opened the file with was video editing software instead of video playback software? If it was an editor, moving the whole file into high performance storage would make great sense. Therein lies or maybe is the problem.
Depending on what applications are being used, the usage of data could be significantly different. And yet you do not know that at the block level or even at the object layer. Figuring out the right tier to move things to might be easy for something like database index tables that are constantly hit or file system metadata when people are doing ls –l. But for data that might be used irregularly then how can anyone know it makes sense to move it? The overhead of moving a file from slow disk to fast flash cache is going to be very costly if it is only read one time or even if the policy is move it if it is read two times.
Moving data around, especially large files that might or might not be read and written in patterns similar to databases or file system metadata, is costly in terms of hardware interconnect design needed for the high speed bandwidth between the tiers. And also costly as you will use the expensive flash cache for data and data accesses that is not really benefiting from using flash.
There are a number of tradeoffs vendors are making. Disk drive vendors are working on understanding access patterns at the drive level for various application workloads to be used in their hybrid drives. Application such as email, web server and alike for a specific class of applications might have access patterns that can be coded into firmware and improve (or likely improve) the performance.
Having flash cache on the disk drive allows data that is reused often to be moved into cache without having to move it off the drive. The challenge in this architecture is that often in tiered storage, besides having slower devices, you have less bandwidth going to each tier. With the storage controller approach you move the data from the slower storage to storage with higher performance. If you do not use the data enough times or have an application that is of critical importance then if the data is not reused enough you just moved data to high cost storage for no reason.
Future Storage Developments
I heard a saying that I really like and use: “Lead, follow or get out of the way.”
The POSIX read/write/open/close interface did not lead and now is following and over the next decade or so is likely going to get out of the way for the most part. We might not like this but this is going to happen. This has an important impact on storage caching, as the biggest problem today with caching is that the topology of a file is not known and cannot be known as it cannot be passed easily through all the layers to where the data resides. Object interfaces will allow an understanding of data topology so that can be passed and maybe even the application usage information could be passed to provide information on usage patterns.
Let’s assume that this happens. This will allow every part of the stack to make better decisions. Disk drives will know what can be cached and what should be cached if a file is opened for read only read/write if the application is streaming writes or IOPS or whatever. I think as we move forward the richness of data that can be passed with an object interfaces is going become available and the vendors up and down the stack will be using them. I do not think this will take long, maybe 5 years.
This will put another nail in the POSIX coffin, which should not be a surprise to anyone. The POSIX file system people at the OpenGroup had the chance to lead, but they chose to follow and now will be made obsolete. This kind of thing happens often in our industry and people seem to never learn from mistakes of the past.
Photo courtesy of Shutterstock.
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Hemoglobin derivativesMethemoglobin; Carboxyhemoglobin; Sulfhemoglobin
Hemoglobin derivatives are altered forms of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that moves oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and body tissues.
This article discusses the test used to detect and measure the amount of hemoglobin derivatives in your blood.
The test is done using a small needle to collect a sample of blood from an artery. The sample may be collected from an artery in the wrist, groin, or arm.
Before blood is drawn, the health care provider may test circulation to the hand (if the wrist is the site). After the blood is drawn, pressure applied to the puncture site for a few minutes stops the bleeding.
No special preparation is needed.
For children, it may help to explain how the test will feel and why it is done. This may make the child feel less nervous.
You may feel slight pain or a sting when the needle is inserted. You may also feel some throbbing at the site after the blood is drawn.
This test is used to diagnose carbon monoxide poisoning. It is also used to detect changes in hemoglobin that may result from certain drugs.Some chemicals or drugs can change the hemoglobin so it no longer works properly.
Abnormal forms of hemoglobin include:
- Carboxyhemoglobin. An abnormal form of hemoglobin that has attached to carbon monoxide instead of oxygen or carbon dioxide. High amounts of this type of abnormal hemoglobin prevent the normal movement of oxygen by the blood.
- Sulfhemoglobin. A rare abnormal form of hemoglobin that cannot carry oxygen. It may result from certain medicines such as phenacetin or toxins such as nitrites or anilines.
- Methemoglobin. A problem that occurs when the iron that is part of hemoglobin is changed so that it does not carry oxygen well. Certain drugs and other compounds introduced into the blood stream can cause this problem.
The following values represent the percentage of hemoglobin derivatives based on total hemoglobin:
- Carboxyhemoglobin: less than 1.5% (but may be as high as 9% in smokers)
- Methemoglobin: less than 2%
- Sulfhemoglobin: undetectable
Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test results.
The examples above show the common measurements for results for these tests. Some laboratories use different measurements or may test different specimens.
High levels of hemoglobin derivatives can lead to significant health problems. The altered forms of hemoglobin do not allow oxygen to be moved properly through the body. This can lead to tissue death.
The following values, except sulfhemoglobin, represent the percentage of hemoglobin derivatives based on total hemoglobin:
- 10-20% symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning begin to appear
- 30% severe carbon monoxide poisoning present
- 50-80% results in deadly carbon monoxide poisoning
- 10-25% results in bluish skin color(cyanosis)
- 35-40% results in shortness of breath and headache
- Over 60% results in lethargy and stupor
- Over 70% results in death
- Values of 10 grams per deciliter (g/dL) cause bluish skin color due to lack of oxygen (cyanosis), but do not cause harmful effects.
Benz EJ Jr, Ebert BL. Hemoglobin variants associated with hemolytic anemia, altered oxygen affinity, and methemoglobinemias. In: Hoffman R, Benz EJ Jr, Silberstein LE, Heslop HE, Weitz JI, Anastasi J, eds. Hoffman Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2012:chap 41.
Bunn HF. Approach to the anemias. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Cecil Medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 161.
Christiani DC. Physical and chemical injuries of the lung. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Cecil Medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 94.
Ford MD. Acute poisoning. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Cecil Medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 110.
Review Date: 4/24/2013
Reviewed By: David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by A.D.A.M. Health Solutions, Ebix, Inc., Editorial Team: David Zieve, MD, MHA, Bethanne Black, Stephanie Slon, and Nissi Wang.
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Kim Allgeier hopes Parklands of Floyds Fork visitors will see the new welcome center off Shelbyville Road as a starting point.
Allgeier, the park’s education and interpretation manager, said the new center will help visitors learn about Floyds Fork and the wildlife in and around it.
But she added that the best way to learn about the waterway is actually exploring it.
“The center is a good place to start and finish your experience here,” she said.
The 3,500-square-foot welcome center — named the PNC Achievement Center — opened last week in Beckley Creek Park. Staffed by park rangers and volunteers, the center has a large map of Floyds Fork that details its history. It also has as a wall lined with facts about the creek’s wildlife. Two classrooms will soon be available for schools that hold field trips at the park.
Beside the welcome center is the new 11,000-square-foot Gheens Foundation Lodge, which also opened last week. It will be available for weddings, corporate outings and other private functions.
Parklands officials have deemed the welcome center an “outdoor classroom” that will offer family workshops, interpretive hikes, scout programming, spring break and summer science camps, as well as school programs and birthday parties. The programs will be offered throughout the spring.
The building’s two classrooms will have microscopes, fossils and other wildlife elements that will give students a hands-on experience, Allgeier said.
“In class, students can talk about things like erosion, but here, we can show you erosion,” said Allgeier, who started working at the Parklands in September.
The center is near a canoe put-in point on the creek. Allgeier said the park will soon offer programs to schools that will allow students to paddle up to two miles on it before coming back to the center and discussing what they saw.
The the park will hold a spring break camp in early April and plans to have eight camps this summer, said Ellen Doolittle, spokeswoman for 21st Century Parks, which is overseeing the construction and operation of The Parklands.
Demand for the new lodge has been strong, Allgeier said, noting that it has already been booked for several dates throughout the fall.
The welcome center cost $1.5 million to build, and the lodge cost $2.5 million. Both buildings were paid for with donations. PNC donated $1 million, and the Gheens Foundation donated “a significant amount,” Doolittle said.
The new buildings are adjacent to Creekside Sprayground and Playground, which has been especially popular in warmer months since opening in 2011.
Allgeier said she hopes the play area’s popularity will draw attention to the center and ultimately the creek and other wooded areas.
“The proximity to the playground will certainly help,” Allgeier said. “No matter what your age, there will be something you can enjoy.”
To read the full article on courier-journal.com, click here.
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George Delany Deceased
From: The Crack Of Doom
"It is a good thing to be alive," Natalie Brande repeated slowly,
gazing, as it were, far off through her half-closed eyelids. Then
turning to me and looking at me full, wide-eyed, she asked: "A good
thing for how many?"
"For all; for everything that is alive."
"Faugh! For few things that are alive. For hardly anything. You say it
is a good thing to be alive. How often have you said that in your life?"
"All my life through," I answered stoutly. My constitution was a good
one, and I had lived healthily, if hardily. I voiced the superfluous
vitality of a well nourished body.
"Then you do not know what it is to feel for others."
There was a scream in the underwood near us. It ended in a short,
choking squeak. The girl paled, but she went on with outward calm.
"That hawk or cat feels as you do. I wonder what that young rabbit
thinks of life's problem?"
"But we are neither hawks nor cats, nor even young rabbits," I answered
warmly. "We can not bear the burthens of the whole animal world. Our own
are sufficient for us."
"You are right. They are more than sufficient."
I had made a false move, and so tried to recover my lost ground. She
would not permit me. The conversation which had run in pleasant channels
for two happy hours was ended. Thenceforth, in spite of my obstructive
efforts, subjects were introduced which could not be conversed on but
must be discussed. On every one Miss Brande took the part of the weak
against the strong, oblivious of every consideration of policy and even
ethics, careful only that she championed the weak because of their
weakness. Miss Metford abetted her in this, and went further in their
joint revolt against common sense. Miss Brande was argumentative,
pleading. Miss Metford was defiant. Between the two I fared ill.
Of course the Woman question was soon introduced, and in this I made the
best defence of time-honoured customs of which I was capable. But my
outworks fell down as promptly before the voices of these young women as
did the walls of Jericho before the blast of a ram's horn. Nothing that
I had cherished was left to me. Woman no longer wanted man's protection.
("Enslavement" they called it.) Why should she, when in the evolution of
society there was not now, or presently would not be, anything from
which to protect her? ("Competing slaveowners" was what they said.) When
you wish to behold protectors you must postulate dangers. The first are
valueless save as a preventive of the second. Both evils will be
conveniently dispensed with. All this was new to me, most of my thinking
life having been passed in distant lands, where the science of ethics is
codified into a simple statute--the will of the strongest.
When my dialectical humiliation was within one point of completion, Miss
Metford came to my rescue. For some time she had looked on at my
discomfiture with a good-natured neutrality, and when I was
metaphorically in my last ditch, she arose, stretched her shapely
figure, flicked some clinging grass blades from her suit, and declared
it was time to return. Brande was a man of science, but as such he was
still amenable to punctuality in the matter of dinner.
On the way back I was discreetly silent. When we reached the house I
went to look for Herbert Brande. He was engaged in his study, and I
could not intrude upon him there. To do so would be to infringe the only
rigid rule in his household. Nor had I an opportunity of speaking to him
alone until after dinner, when I induced him to take a turn with me
round the lake. I smoked strong cigars, and made one of these my excuse.
The sun was setting when we started, and as we walked slowly the
twilight shadows were deepening fast by the time we reached the further
shore. Brande was in high spirits. Some new scientific experiment, I
assumed, had come off successfully. He was beside himself. His
conversation was volcanic. Now it rumbled and roared with suppressed
fires. Anon, it burst forth in scintillating flashes and shot out
streams of quickening wit. I have been his auditor in the three great
epochs of his life, but I do not think that anything that I have
recollected of his utterances equals the bold impromptus, the masterly
handling of his favourite subject, the Universe, which fell from him on
that evening. I could not answer him. I could not even follow him, much
less suppress him. But I had come forth with a specific object in view,
and I would not be gainsaid. And so, as my business had to be done
better that it should be done quickly. Taking advantage of a pause which
he made, literally for breath, I commenced abruptly:
"I want to speak to you about your sister."
He turned on me surprised. Then his look changed to one of such complete
contempt, and withal his bearing suggested so plainly that he knew
beforehand what I was going to say, that I blurted out defiantly, and
without stopping to choose my words:
"I think it an infernal shame that you, her brother, should allow her to
masquerade about with this good-natured but eccentric Metford girl--I
should say Miss Metford."
"Why so?" he asked coldly.
"Because it is absurd; and because it isn't decent."
"My dear Abraham," Brande said quietly, "or is your period so recent as
that of Isaac or Jacob? My sister pleases herself in these matters, and
has every right to do so."
"She has not. You are her brother."
"Very well, I am her brother. She has no right to think for herself; no
right to live save by my permission. Then I graciously permit her to
think, and I allow her to live."
"You'll be sorry for this nonsense sooner or later--and don't say I
didn't warn you." The absolute futility of my last clause struck me
painfully at the moment, but I could not think of any way to better it.
It was hard to reason with such a man, one who denied the fundamental
principles of family life. I was thinking over what to say next, when
Brande stopped and put his hand, in a kindly way, upon my shoulder.
"My good fellow," he said, "what does it matter? What do the actions of
my sister signify more than the actions of any other man's sister? And
what about the Society? Have you made up your mind about joining?"
"I have. I made it up twice to-day," I answered. "I made it up in the
morning that I would see yourself and your Society to the devil before I
would join it. Excuse my bluntness; but you are so extremely candid
yourself you will not mind."
"Certainly, I do not mind bluntness. Rudeness is superfluous."
"And I made it up this evening," I said, a little less aggressively,
"that I would join it if the devil himself were already in it, as I half
suspect he is."
"I like that," Brande said gravely. "That is the spirit I want in the
man who joins me."
To which I replied: "What under the sun is the object of this Society of
"Proximately to complete our investigations--already far advanced--into
the origin of the Universe."
"I cannot tell you now. You will not know that until you join us."
"And if your ultimate object does not suit me, I can withdraw?"
"No, it would then be too late."
"How so? I am not morally bound by an oath which I swear without full
knowledge of its consequences and responsibilities."
"Oath! The oath you swear! You swear no oath. Do you fancy you are
joining a society of Rechabites or Carmelites, or mediaeval rubbish of
that kind. Don't keep so painstakingly behind the age."
I thought for a moment over what this mysterious man had said, over the
hidden dangers in which his mad chimeras might involve the most innocent
accomplice. Then I thought of that dark-eyed, sweet-voiced, young girl,
as she lay on the green grass under the beech-tree in the wood and
out-argued me on every point. Very suddenly, and, perhaps, in a manner
somewhat grandiose, I answered him:
"I will join your Society for my own purpose, and I will quit it when I
"You have every right," Brande said carelessly. "Many have done the same
"Can you introduce me to any one who has done so?" I asked, with an
eagerness that could not be dissembled.
"I am afraid I can not."
"Or give me an address?"
"Oh yes, that is simple." He turned over a note-book until he found a
blank page. Then he drew the pencil from its loop, put the point to his
lips, and paused. He was standing with his back to the failing light, so
I could not see the expression of his mobile face. When he paused, I
knew that no ordinary doubt beset him. He stood thus for nearly a
minute. While he waited, I watched a pair of swans flit ghost-like over
the silken surface of the lake. Between us and a dark bank of wood the
lights of the house flamed red. The melancholy even-song of a blackbird
wailed out from a shrubbery beside us. Then Herbert Brande wrote in his
note-book, and tearing out the page, he handed it to me, saying: "That
is the address of the last man who quitted us."
The light was now so dim I had to hold the paper close to my eyes in
order to read the lines. They were these--
Near Saint Anne's Chapel,
Next: The Murder Club
Previous: It Is Good To Be Alive
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Django handles a request by routing the incoming URL path to a view function. The view function is responsible for returning a response back to the client making the request. Different URLs are usually handled by different view functions. To route the request to a specific view function, Django looks at your URL configuration (or URLconf for short). The default project template defines the URLconf in
Your URLconf should be a python module that defines an attribute named
urlpatterns, which is a list of
django.conf.urls.url() instances. Each
url() instance must at minimum define a regular expression (a regex) to match against the URL, and a target, which is either a view function or a different URLconf. If a URL pattern targets a view function, it is a good idea to give it a name to easily reference the pattern later on.
Let's take a look at a basic example:
# In <myproject>/urls.py from django.conf.urls import url from myapp.views import home, about, blog_detail urlpatterns = [ url(r'^$', home, name='home'), url(r'^about/$', about, name='about'), url(r'^blog/(?P<id>\d+)/$', blog_detail, name='blog-detail'), ]
This URLconf defines three URL patterns, all targeting a view:
url(r'^$', home, name='home'),
The regex contains a start anchor '^', immediately followed by an end anchor '$'. This pattern will match requests where the URL path is an empty string, and route them to the
home view defined in
url(r'^about/$', about, name='about'),
This regex contains a start anchor, followed by the literal string
about/, and the end anchor. This will match the URL
/about/ and route it to the
about view. Since every non-empty URL start with a
/, Django conveniently cuts of the first slash for you.
url(r'^blog/(?P<id>\d+)/$', blog_detail, name='blog-detail'),
This regex is a bit more complex. It defines the start anchor and the literal string
blog/, like the previous pattern. The next part,
(?P<id>\d+), is called a capturing group. A capturing group, like its name suggest, captures a part of the string, and Django passes the captured string as an argument to the view function.
The syntax of a capturing group is
name defines the name of the group, which is also the name that Django uses to pass the argument to the view. The pattern defines which characters are matched by the group.
In this case, the name is
id, so the function
blog_detail must accept a parameter named
id. The pattern is
\d signifies that the pattern only matches number characters.
+ signifies that the pattern must match one or more characters.
Some common patterns:
|id||One or more numerical characters|
|slug||One or more alphanumerical characters, underscores or dashes|
|year (long)||Four numbers, zero through nine|
day of month
|Two numbers, zero through nine|
|path segment||Anything except a slash|
The capturing group in the
blog-detail pattern is followed by a literal
/, and the end anchor.
Valid URLs include:
/blog/1/ # passes id='1'
/blog/42/ # passes id='42'
Invalid URLs are for example:
/blog/a/ # 'a' does not match '\d'
/blog// # no characters in the capturing group does not match '+'
Django processes each URL pattern in the same order they are defined in
urlpatterns. This is important if multiple patterns can match the same URL. For example:
urlpatterns = [ url(r'blog/(?P<slug>[\w-]+)/$', blog_detail, name='blog-detail'), url(r'blog/overview/$', blog_overview, name='blog-overview'), ]
In the above URLconf, the second pattern is not reachable. The pattern would match the URL
/blog/overview/, but instead of calling the
blog_overview view, the URL will first match the
blog-detail pattern and call the
blog_detail view with an argument
To make sure that the URL
/blog/overview/ is routed to the
blog_overview view, the pattern should be put above the
urlpatterns = [ url(r'blog/overview/$', blog_overview, name='blog-overview'), url(r'blog/(?P<slug>[\w-]+)/$', blog_detail, name='blog-detail'), ]
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<urn:uuid:438a047d-b3c1-4a2c-9620-c23fc39a078f>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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The Heart of God
Religion that God our Father accepts as pure and faultless is this: to look after orphans and widows in their distress and to keep oneself from being polluted by the world.
James 1:27, NIV
In Luke 10, Jesus told a parable about a priest who didn’t stop to help an injured man. After all, he might get his white robe “unclean” and have it interfere with his religious duties. He had all kinds of excuses. But true religion gets dirty. True religion doesn’t hide behind stained glass or fancy clothes. It goes to where the needs are.
When you get down low to lift somebody up, in God’s eyes, you can’t get any higher. The closest thing to the heart of God is helping hurting people. Don’t be a passerby who’s too busy in your career. Don’t just be someone who feels sorry for others. God is counting on us. When you take time to restore the broken, encourage them, wipe away their tears, let them know that there are new beginnings—that’s the religion Jesus talked about. True religion doesn’t judge people to see if they deserve our help.
PRAYER FOR TODAY:
“Father, thank You that Your heart is to help hurting people. Help me to have Your heart and not be so busy that I don’t stop to help others. I want to encourage others, to offer them my help, to speak a kind word, and to lift them up when they are hurting. In Jesus’ Name, Amen.”
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A team of scientists from Texas A&M University, Texas A&M at Galveston, Louisiana State University and NASA recently surveyed the dead zone in the northern Gulf of Mexico and their findings show that the area's water contains lower oxygen levels than expected this time of year.
That could mean the dead zone area could be more severe in 2005 and perhaps cover an even larger area than in previous years, says Steve DiMarco, associate professor in the Department of Oceanography at Texas A&M and leader of the project.
"During January and February of this year, the flow of the Mississippi River was larger than at any time in 2004," DiMarco explains. "That means the stratification levels between the fresh river water and heavier salt water could results in increased hypoxia, which creates the dead zone."
Hypoxia is a term for extremely low levels of oxygen concentrations in water. Hypoxia can result in fish kills and can severely impact other forms of marine life where it is present.
The dead zone area covers about 6,000 square miles in the Gulf.
The dead zone is located along the Louisiana coast where the Mississippi and Atchafalaya Rivers empty into the gulf. The dead zone area typically develops in late spring and early summer following the spring flood stage of the rivers, which bring large amounts of nutrients ?often in the form of fertilizer ?into the Gulf of Mexico.
The Mississippi is the largest river in the United States, draining 40 percent of the land area of the country. It also accounts for almost 90 percent of the freshwater runoff into the Gulf of Mexico.
"We saw no hypoxia in this area until June of last year, and this year we found in late March," DiMarco says.
"If the physical conditions we noticed continue, it could mean an unusually strong hypoxic zone this year, and that's not good news."
DiMarco said the team studied an area between Southwest Pass, La., and the Calcasieu ship channel. They were on the Gyre, a research vessel owned by Texas A&M, and the project is funded by NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.).
DiMarco said the most intense hypoxia levels are usually between 30 to 60 feet below the surface. Fish in this area can be "stressed," meaning they can die or, at the very least, move to other areas, which adversely affects fishermen in the dead zone region.
"Bottom-dwelling marine life, where some of the most intense hypoxia levels are, can easily die," he says.
"This area is of immense importance to people along the northern Gulf of Mexico," he adds. "We plan to return there in May, July, August and October to collect more data and see what condition the dead zone area is at that time."
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Typicality tends to be a useful, if not always used, way of framing various class action issues. Its primary purpose is to ensure that the class action is really a representative lawsuit rather than just an individual case with pretensions. Given the rulings on typicality so far, it’s worth asking how defendants might argue it more effectively.
Ten Cases to Bring You Up to Speed:
- Randall v. Rolls-Royce Corp., 637 F.3d 818, 821 (7th Cir. 2011).
- Daffin v. Ford Motor Co., 458 F.3d 549 (6th Cir. 2006).
- Deiter v. Microsoft Corp., 436 F.3d 461, 466–67 (4th Cir. 2006).
- Beck v. Maximus, Inc.,457 F.3d 291, 296 (3d Cir. 2006).
- Sprague v. Gen. Motors Corp., 133 F.3d 388, 399 (6th Cir.1998).
- Peviani v. Natural Balance Inc., 2011 WL 1648952 (S.D. Cal. May 2, 2011).
- Noel v. Hudd Distribution Services, Inc., 2011 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 21480 (D.S.C. March 2, 2011).
- Schilling v. Kenton County, 2011 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 8050 (E.D. Ky. Jan. 27, 2011).
- Wiener v. Dannon Co., 255 F.R.D. 658 (C.D. Cal. 2009).
- In re Welding Fumes Prods. Liability Litig., 245 F.R.D. 279, 304 (N.D. Ohio 2007).
- There really hasn’t been any scholarship that focuses on the typicality requirement in class actions.
Questions to Consider:
- Why hasn’t there been any scholarship that focuses on the typicality requirement in class actions?
- A number of courts have held that "factual differences" between claims does not mean typicality does not exist. If that is the case, how dissimilar must a claim be before the typicality is lacking?
- Given the adequacy and commonality requirements, is typicality a necessary finding?
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Chemistry is often called the central science since it is the underlying basis for understanding medicine, biology, pharmacology, nutrition, engineering, environmental science, and many other disciplines. An understanding of chemistry is also important for understanding many policy issues and topics in the news relating to health, energy, and technology. The chemistry minor at Southern Virginia provides an excellent foundation for students preparing for careers in medicine, dentistry, research, pharmacy, and related areas of study.
Program coordinator: Dr. Barbara van Kuiken
Minor Core: 16 credit hours:
Minor Electives: at least 6 credit hours from among these courses:
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Peter Vajda's Answer:
First, the pure and simple truth is, there is no room for bullying in the workplace. Every instance of bullying, large or small, is nothing other than showing disrespect for another. And everyone - everyone - deserves respect. It's imperative that leaders and managers make it abundantly clear that there is no room for disrespect of another human being at work - ever.
That being said, it sounds like you've made up your mind about moving on. So, I won't address your current bullying/clique issues.
So, now to your two questions: (1) when I leave this company, should I look for a position where people will probably like me or (2) look for a position that I can apply my skills to?
The second, first.
Since you made this an either/or-type decision (vs. both/and), I'd be curious what your life at work would look like if you took a position where people liked you, but one which would not require you to use your skills. Would that type of situation be OK with you? And, if so, why?
Let's consider your first question. And here an important distinction needs to be made. Most everyone wants to be liked. It's the human condition. However, some of us need to be liked – the human condition taken to an extreme – an often self-defeating and self-sabotaging extreme.
Generally, those who want to be liked are often OK if they're not, as long as they feel respected. Life at work goes on quite well for these folks. .
On the other hand, those who need to be liked, and are not, often experience some flavor of personal and interpersonal dysfunction – played out as, for example, public or private displays of feeling unwanted, unseen, abandoned, unloved, and the like. These emotions and feelings, when manifested in the workplace, can result in some degree of personal or interpersonal conflict that often results in less than expected performance reviews, negative feedback, lack of inclusion and so on.
So, that's a question I would ask you to consider. Do you want to be liked or do you need to be liked? Your answer will have a great bearing on how you show up - as one who is OK with not being liked (by your colleagues) or as one who exhibits a neediness for being liked, and acts out with some form of reactivity and resentment when one isn't.
In my experience, the best way to be liked is, by being likable. When we're likable, "being liked" is the reward. When we're likable, we become a magnet for others' "liking."
When you're "likable," people gravitate towards your positive energy. When you're needing to be liked, people can often sense this kind of energy and in large measure you may find them ignoring, or resisting you. When you're "likable," you're giving solely to give. When you're needing to be liked, you're often "giving to get," and this results in co-dependent or dysfunctional relationships.
When you're "likable," the other comes first - the client or customer, your teammate or colleague, your direct report or your boss and other stakeholders. When you're needing to be liked, you come first, and this kind of neediness is often off-putting to others. When you're "likable," you can be fair, balanced, and just without turning people away. When you're needing to be liked, you might often bend the rules, look the other way, or engage in collusion, dishonesty or other unethical and inappropriate activities, not for the sake of fairness or integrity, but for the sake of needing to be liked and this can lead to some very slippery slopes.
Likable folks more generally have an easier time at being objective; folks needing to be liked generally do not.
Tim Sanders in his book, The LikeAbility Factor: How to Boost Your L-Factor & Achieve Your Life's Dreams suggests that likability requires four factors: friendliness, relevance, empathy, and realness. Nothing he suggests involves needing to be liked.
There's a school of thought that says men want to love someone, and women want to be loved.
Dr. Lois Frankel, author of Nice Girls Don't Get the Corner Office has identified a number of things women do unconsciously that sabotage their career success. One of these is: Women have an inordinate need to be liked.
She writes: "It's important for both men and women to be well liked at work - but you can't build a career solely around being liked."
So, to your questions, I would suggest a "both/and" approach. My experiences says that when you have requisite skills and combine them with a likeable personality you're more often than not going to find yourself in a win-win situation.
I hope I answered your questions and wish you well as you move on to the next chapter of your life at work.
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St. Jerome, letter 107.4 (to Laeta; tr. F.A. Wright):
Have a set of letters made for her, of boxwood or of ivory, and tell her their names. Let her play with them, making play a road to learning, and let her not only grasp the right order of the letters and remember their names in a simple song, but also frequently upset their order and mix the last letters with the middle ones, the middle with the first. Thus she will know them all by sight as well as by sound. When she begins with uncertain hand to use the pen, either let another hand be put over hers to guide her baby fingers, or else have the letters marked on the tablet so that her writing may follow their outlines and keep to their limits without straying away. Offer her prizes for spelling, tempting her with such trifling gifts as please young children. Let her have companions too in her lessons, so that she may seek to rival them and be stimulated by any praise they win. You must not scold her if she is somewhat slow; praise is the best sharpener of wits. Let her be glad when she is first and sorry when she falls behind. Above all take care not to make her lessons distasteful; a childish dislike often lasts longer than childhood.
Fiant ei litterae vel buxeae vel eburneae et suis nominibus appellentur. Ludat in eis, ut et lusus eius eruditio sit, et non solum ordinem teneat litterarum, ut memoria nominum in canticum transeat, sed ipse inter se crebro ordo turbetur et mediis ultima, primis media misceantur, ut eas non sonu tantum, sed et visu noverit. Cum vero coeperit trementi manu stilum in cera ducere, vel alterius superposita manu teneri regantur articuli vel in tabella sculpantur elementa, ut per eosdem sulcos inclusa marginibus trahantur vestigia et foras non queant evagari. Syllabas iungat ad praemium, et, quibus illa aetas delectari potest, munusculis invitetur. Habeat et in discendo socias, quibus invideat, quarum laudibus mordeatur. Non est obiurganda, si tardior sit, sed laudibus excitandum ingenium; et vicisse se gaudeat et victam doleat. Cavendum in primis, ne oderit studia, ne amaritudo eorum percepta in infantia ultra rudes annos transeat.
Quintilian 1.1.26-27 (tr. Donald A. Russell):
Nor do I rule out the well-known practice of giving ivory letter-shapes to play with, so as to stimulate little children to learn—or indeed anything else one can think of to give them more pleasure, and which they enjoy handling, looking at, or naming.
Once the child has begun to trace the outlines, it will be useful to have these inscribed as neatly as possible on a tablet, so that the stilus is guided by the grooves. In this way, the child will not make mistakes as on wax (for he will be constrained by the edges on both sides, and will not be able to stray beyond the marks), and, by following these well-defined traces so quickly and often, he will strengthen his fingers, and not need the help of a guiding hand placed over his own.
Non excludo autem (id quod est notum) irritandae ad discendum infantiae gratia eburneas etiam litterarum formas in lusum offerre, vel si quid aliud quo magis illa aetas gaudeat inveniri potest quod tractare intueri nominare iucundum sit.
Cum vero iam ductus sequi coeperit, non inutile erit eos tabellae quam optime insculpi, ut per illos velut sulcos ducatur stilus. Nam neque errabit quemadmodum in ceris (continebitur enim utrimque marginibus neque extra praescriptum egredi poterit) et celerius ac saepius sequendo certa vestigia firmabit articulos neque egebit adiutorio manum suam manu super imposita regentis.
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Slavgorod Mennonite Church was established in 1908 in the Slavgorod Mennonite settlement in Siberia. Originally worship services were held in the village schools. In 1909 a congregational meeting was held in Orloff attended by Elder Jacob Gerbrandt and the ministers Franz Buller, Johann Bergmann, Peter J. Wiebe, Gerhard Wiebe, Dietrich Epp, and Isaak Löwen. In this brotherhood meeting the Slavgorod (Orloff) Mennonite Church was divided into five districts: (1) Orloff with 6 villages, (2) Grünfeld 5, (3) Reinfeld 8, (4) Kleefeld 8, and (5) Markovka 6. All ordained ministers were recognized as such, and Jakob Gerbrandt, who had attended Bethel College, North Newton, Kansas, was charged with the responsibility of baptizing, administering the Lord's Supper, and the ordination of ministers and deacons in all the districts. However, each district had its own leading minister. Between Easter and Pentecost the traditional catechetical instruction took place, and at Pentecost the first baptismal service and Lord's Supper were observed in the large shed of Johann Klassen, of Grünfeld. First the church of the settlement was known as Orloff, but later as Schönsee. This article treats this general area church under the name of the settlement, Slavgorod. The church records and the handing out of church certificates were in the hands of P. J. Wiebe.
When Cornelius D. Harder came to the Slavgorod Mennonite settlement in 1912, he was ordained elder of the Orloff (Schönsee) Mennonite Church. Another of the outstanding elders was Franz Buller, who was one of the delegates to look for land in the Kulundian Steppes. During the first years the responsibilities of the elder originally assigned to Jakob Gerbrandt were probably shared by some of the leading ministers. Gradually each of the congregations, particularly the larger ones, became independent. Of the churches listed above, those which should have been treated in the preceding volumes of this Encyclopedia will be reported in the following paragraphs. The others are found in alphabetical order in this volume. (See Schönsee [Orloff] Mennonite Church, Reinfeld Mennonite Church, Pashnya Mennonite Church, Tchayachy Mennonite Church, and Svistunovo Mennonite Church.)
Grünfeld Mennonite Church comprised five villages: Grünfeld, Nikolaidorf, Alexandrovka, Rosenwald, and Tchernovka. The first elder was Jakob Gerbrandt, who was originally elder at large. He was assisted by the ministers Isaak Löwen, Dietrich Epp, Peter P. Epp, and Martin von Kampen. Later were added Abram Block, Heinrich Unruh, and Heinrich Krahn. Jakob Gerbrandt was soon succeeded by Peter P. Epp as leader of the general congregation. The congregation did not have a church building, but worshiped in schoolhouses.
Kleefeld Mennonite Church served the following eight villages: Kleefeld, Shumanovka, Halbstadt, Alexanderkrone, Gnadenheim, Blumenort, Ebenfeld, and Hochstädt. The first leading minister was Abram Dück, who was succeeded by Cornelius Wiens (died 1918) as elder. Wiens was succeeded by Jacob Harder, who emigrated to Canada. After him Johann Goossen became the leading minister. In 1918 a spacious, beautiful church was erected in Kleefeld. Other ministers who served the congregation were Jacob Kliewer, Wilhelm Hübert, Jacob Voth, and Dietrich Geddert.
Markovka Mennonite Church served the following eight villages: Markovka, Chortitza, Stepnoye, Golyenkoye, Grishkovka, Karatal, Dolinovka, and Suvorovka. The first leading minister was Jacob Enns; he was succeeded by David Bäcker, who was ordained elder. Other ministers of the congregation were Anton Löwen, Peter Enns, Isaak Wiebe, Franz Derksen, Jacob Spenst, David Heidebrecht, and Peter Konrad. In 1913 the congregation built a church in Markovka. In 1923 Jacob Nickel started a Jehovah's Witnesses group in this congregation.
Khoroshoye (Nikolayevka) Mennonite Church served four villages: Khoroshoye, Nikolayevka, Saratov, and Silberfeld. The first leader was Dietrich Görzen. He was assisted by the following ministers: Jacob Harder, Abram Penner, Johann Derksen, Johann Krüger, Peter Voth, Jacob Enns, Abram Wiebe, and Salomon Derksen. In 1924 the congregation built a church in Khoroshoye.
Gnadental Mennonite Church served three villages: Gnadental, Fernheim, and Sergeyevka. The first leading minister was Isaak J. Fast, who was assisted by Franz Harder, Abram Unruh, Cornelius Penner, and Peter Wiens. The congregation started the building of a church under the Soviet government, which was then prohibited.
Glyaden Mennonite Church served the following four villages: Lichtfelde, Ebenfeld, Ivanovka, and Sluchaynoye. The elder of this congregation was Jacob Warkentin, assisted by Jacob Boldt, Samuel Boldt, and David Harder, who became a communist. The congregation built a church in Lichtfelde in 1920. At this place an Adventist group originated under the leadership of Peter Thiessen.
The Slavgorod Mennonite Church was unique in difficulties to be surmounted. The congregations had barely been organized and had barely overcome the first pioneer difficulties when World War I broke out, which ended with the Revolution of 1917 ushering in a civil war and finally the communistic regime. All the congregations, although they had been registered in Tomsk in 1912, had to be registered now under the new Soviet government in Omsk. The hardships and antireligious attitude of the government, together with the accompanying exile of ministers and the taxation of church property, resulted in the cessation by 1932 of all official religious and worship activities. A few church leaders had left for Canada; most had been exiled, and many perished in exile. Since the Slavgorod Mennonite settlement, unlike the settlements of the Ukraine, was not completely disrupted, religious activities have been resumed more readily since the death of Stalin (1953) than among some of the scattered Mennonites in other regions.
It has not become apparent to what extent the Slavgorod Mennonite settlement has benefited by the greater religious liberty which is noticeable throughout the Asiatic communities in which Mennonites live. However, great changes have taken place. A letter written by Margarete Koop, who is living in the Slavgorod settlement, states that she had not been able to attend any worship services for a number of years (published in Mennonitische Rundschau, 12 December 1956). Franz Thiessen, of Blumenort, Slavgorod, writes that there was no preaching of the Gospel in 1931-55. Now many, including Thiessen, are starting to preach. Scarcity of Bibles and hymnals compels them to copy hymnals by hand (Mennonitische Rundschau, 10 October 1956, p. 6). Another letter reports that many people have been converted and that some, of whom it was never expected, have started to preach the Gospel (Der Bote, 2 January 1957, p. 7). The Baptist church of the city of Slavgorod, which Klaus Mehnert visited in 1955, was attended by many Mennonites when there was no other possibility for Mennonite public services. The church did not yet have permission to enlarge its facilities, but in 1956 it received permission to have German preaching. A letter written by the daughter of Margarete Boldt, in Orloff, Slavgorod, states that Peter Voth is to serve as elder in the neighboring church which has just been opened (Der Bote, 25 January 1956, p. 7f.). Anna Stobbe of Ivanovka, Glyaden, Slavgorod, writes that many conversions are taking place and that a new Mennonite Brethren church has been organized (Mennonitische Rundschau, 12 December 1956, p. 11). Such information indicates that general revival of religious life and the permission for Mennonites to meet even though they are not registered are also noticeable in the Slavgorod Mennonite settlement.
Behrends, Ernst. Beata. Heilbronn, 1935.
Epp, D. H. Adressbüchlein. Berdyansk, 1913.
Fast, Gerhard. In den Steppen Sibiriens. Rosthern, 1957.
Hildebrand, J. J. Sibirien. Winnipeg, 1952.
Unser Blatt I, 45, 128, 279; II, 182, 208. 210, 277; III, 11-13, 15-16.
See also bibliography under "Slavgorod Mennonite Settlement."
Cite This Article
Krahn, Cornelius. "Slavgorod Mennonite Church (Slavgorod Mennonite Settlement, Siberia, Russia)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1959. Web. 21 Jan 2017. http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Slavgorod_Mennonite_Church_(Slavgorod_Mennonite_Settlement,_Siberia,_Russia)&oldid=96434.
Krahn, Cornelius. (1959). Slavgorod Mennonite Church (Slavgorod Mennonite Settlement, Siberia, Russia). Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 21 January 2017, from http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Slavgorod_Mennonite_Church_(Slavgorod_Mennonite_Settlement,_Siberia,_Russia)&oldid=96434.
©1996-2017 by the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. All rights reserved.
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Former Italian prime minister Silvio Berlusconi repeated accusations yesterday (14 May) that he had been forced out of office at the height of the euro zone crisis in 2011 as the result of a plot by European Union officials.
Berlusconi’s comments followed the publication of a book by former US treasury secretary Timothy Geithner which suggested that the US government had been asked to help force Berlusconi to resign as the crisis escalated in late 2011.
“At one point that fall, a few European officials approached us with a scheme to try to force Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi out of power; they wanted us to refuse to support IMF loans to Italy until he was gone,” Geithner wrote in his book, Stress Test: Reflections on Financial Crises, extracts from which appeared in the Italian press this week.
“We told the President about this surprising invitation, but as helpful as it would have been to have better leadership in Europe, we couldn’t get involved in a scheme like that,” he wrote. “‘We can’t have his blood on our hands,’ I said.”
Berlusconi resigned in November 2011 after months of tension on financial markets led to fears that investors could refuse to buy Italian bonds, sending the euro zone’s third-largest economy into default and breaking the single currency apart.
The 77-year-old media tycoon, currently serving a community service sentence after being convicted of tax fraud last year, said the book showed there had been a “clear violation of democratic rules and an attack on the sovereignty of our country”.
“The plot is an extremely serious piece of news which confirms what I’ve been saying for some time,” he told Rai state television in an interview.
Berlusconi, the leader of Italy’s main centre-right party, has frequently accused European authorities and Italy’s head of state, President Giorgio Napolitano, of mounting a “coup” to remove him from office in 2011.
He made similar accusations earlier this year following the publication of a book based on interviews with his successor Mario Monti and others, which said Monti had been sounded out as a potential replacement premier months before Berlusconi’s government fell.
“Freely and responsibly”
On Wednesday, Berlusconi repeated accusations that Napolitano had been in contact with Monti, the former European Commissioner appointed to lead the technocrat government that succeeded Berlusconi, well before the final crisis.
Napolitano issued a statement on Wednesday saying he was unaware of any pressure exerted on Berlusconi, who resigned after a split in the centre-right camp left him without a reliable parliamentary majority.
He said Berlusconi’s resignation had been offered “freely and responsibly” and that it had been caused solely by “Italian political and parliamentary events”.
Berlusconi has stepped up his attacks on Brussels and euro zone policy makers during the campaign for the 25 May European Parliament elections, encouraged by opinion polls that show rising dissatisfaction with the EU.
With less than two weeks to go, his Forza Italia party is in third place in opinion polls with about 20%, behind Prime Minister Matteo Renzi’s centre-left Democratic Party, on around 34%, and the anti-establishment 5-Star Movement, on about 25.
Many of his supporters remain convinced that his removal was engineered by foreign powers.
Monti’s government imposed a series of austerity measures aimed at restoring market confidence but failed to halt a steep rise in Italy’s public debt or restore growth, and ended its term deeply unpopular with ordinary voters.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.euractiv.com/section/elections/news/berlusconi-denounces-eu-plot-to-dispose-of-him/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00120-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.979948
| 781
| 1.5625
| 2
|
Mans competitive nature and the pursuit to remain physically fit was the motive behind the creation of many innovative sports. Athletes work hard to build their bodies to levels of fitness in the hunt for a gold medal at every game. Bringing fitness levels to a peak requires a lot of perseverance and hard work on the part of the athlete. Every athlete needs to exercise more than normal individuals. A mere 45-minute workout at the gym does not suffice. After all, for a true athlete, making and breaking records is what it is all about. All of us can’t be athletes in the true sense of the term. If you are a sports enthusiast and play any sport regularly, be it soccer, tennis, or any other game then you need to maintain a considerable level of fitness.
Whether you engage in sports for a specific reason such as recreation, entertainment, or self satisfaction, sports fitness is essential in order to maintain high standard and provides an opportunity for personal growth. A healthy lifestyle does not only include exercise and diet, but discipline as well. Weight training programs, exercise routines, a treadmill and an exercise bike all contribute to sports fitness. To break the monotony, running and swimming are other alternative fitness routines.
To remain fit you need to drink a lot of fluids. Exercise makes you sweat a lot so you need to replace the lost fluids in our body. Dehydration can lead to serious health issues. If you play a sport that is very demanding on the body then water alone may not suffice. Isotonic sports drinks contain a balance of nutrients, sugar, and water that is good for the body. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables will provide a regular supply of nutrients to the body. Eating lots of greens, beans, nuts and citrus fruits will keep you healthy. Calcium protects your bones so eating dairy products, fish, and soybeans will keep your bones healthy and strong.
There are a number of nutritional supplements in the market today that are not to be mistaken as a substitute for regular exercise. These supplements might help you become stronger and more agile in the long run, and should not be mistaken to be some kind of miracle drug that produces results overnight. They do help in the healing process when joints and muscles need repair. The goal is to remain healthy and fit for life. So learn to enjoy your sport, play the game hard, and stay motivated.
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<urn:uuid:73b88a8e-1a1e-488d-81d0-6c1956e2510e>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.infobarrel.com/Sports_And_Fitness_For_Everyone
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00016-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.949404
| 485
| 2.8125
| 3
|
Financial ratio is an important indicator to represent the operation performance of an enterprise. Operating performance is defined as some important financial ratios which can indicate enterprise financial with positive operation and growth. The strength and weakness of financial health can not only show the results of operation performance of the organization, but also indicate its growth and potential in the future. However, how to select a set of representative financial ratios is an important issue for evaluating the operating performance of an enterprise. Traditionally, more related researchers have long used statistical methods for handling these problems. However, these conventional methods become more complex when relationships in the input/output dataset are nonlinear. Nevertheless, statistical techniques always rely on the restrictive assumptions on linear separability for the predictive variables, multivariate normality, and many of the models of financial performance violate these assumptions. Therefore, to overcome these existing shortcomings, the proposal proposed attribute selection method to extract financial ratio attributes and OWA based multiple attribute decision making (MADM) to analyze enterprise operating performance situation for stakeholders (i.e., management, investors, employees, shareholders and other interested parties). The financial ratios are collected from the open source information retrieval systems of dataset for publicly traded enterprises in Taiwan stock market from 2008. The proposed model use singular value decomposition (SVD) + ordered weight averaging (OWA) for evaluating enterprise operating performance. At last, the results indicate that the proposed selection attribute can explain enterprise financial situation, and proposed model can objectively evaluate the performance of enterprise.
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<urn:uuid:b988e484-f370-4fbb-9405-4e3963345701>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.scientific.net/AMR.211-212.1221
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00331-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.915077
| 298
| 1.835938
| 2
|
Connections: An update on the state of vaccinations in New York State
Recently, Dr. Scott Gottlieb, former commissioner of the FDA, said parts of the U.S. could experience "very dense outbreaks" of COVID-19 due to the Delta variant. He said those outbreaks would be hyper-regionalized, affecting areas with low vaccination rates. Rural communities in parts of New York have low vaccination rates, compared to neighboring counties. In Allegany County, for instance, just 35 percent of the population is fully vaccinated.
This hour, we're joined by the co-leaders of the Finger Lakes Vaccine Task Force to discuss vaccination rates in the region, and we hear from Dr. AnnMarie Zimmermann, medical director of Universal Primary Care in the Southern Tier. Our guests:
- Nancy Bennett, M.D., co-leader of the Finger Lakes Vaccine Task Force, professor of medicine and public health sciences at the University of Rochester Medical Center, founder and director of the Center for Community Health & Prevention, and co-director of the Clinical and Translational Science Institute
- Wade Norwood, co-leader of the Finger Lakes Vaccine Task Force, and CEO of Common Ground Health
- AnnMarie Zimmermann, M.D., medical director of Universal Primary Care, a Federally Qualified Health Center in the Southern Tier
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<urn:uuid:c0130182-62fa-44ef-943a-c32771b55f87>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.wxxinews.org/connections/2021-06-29/connections-an-update-on-the-state-of-vaccinations-in-new-york-state
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00671.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.920945
| 279
| 2.078125
| 2
|
The U.K.-EU settlement adopted by the Heads of State or Government, meeting within the European Council, supposedly returns some of the powers to the British Parliament — its goal, ultimately, is to avoid the U.K. leaving the EU. But the concessions are, in fact, rather modest and do not significantly restore Britain’s lawmaking authority. Here’s why, broken down by area of negotiation.
In October 2014, British Prime Minister David Cameron refused to honor the €2.1-billion top-up contribution to the EU budget that the European Commission demanded at the last minute, deeming it “unacceptable.” This prompted a compromise that resulted in the halving of the bill.
One concrete measure in the settlement shields the U.K. Parliament’s budgetary authority from future crises in the eurozone. It proposes a mechanism whereby the U.K. and other non-eurozone countries would be fully reimbursed for the costs of emergency financial measures paid for from the EU budget.
This is designed to allay fears that U.K. taxpayers’ money would be used to resolve public debt problems in the euro area, from which Britain opted out back in 1992. Yet the U.K. already does not participate in the European Stability Mechanism, the permanent funding organisation that provides loans to troubled eurozone economies. Together only with Sweden, the U.K. also does not contribute to the Single Resolution Fund, which finances the restructuring of failing banks and other credit institutions in the EU.
Competitiveness is the least contentious area of the settlement. The EU’s Better Regulation agenda suits British demands for the EU to reduce burden on business and stimulate growth and jobs. This agenda includes plans to cut red tape, simplify or repeal unnecessary EU legislation, and improve impact assessments and evaluations. This is carried out by the new Regulatory Scrutiny Board and the Regulatory Fitness and Performance (REFIT) Platform.
However, national parliaments don’t seem to be involved in any of these processes.
A draft interinstitutional agreement between EU institutions published in December only provides for the final results of impact assessments to be sent to national parliaments. But parliamentarians are neither invited to submit a formal response to these assessments, nor do they sit on the REFIT Platform.
Under the agenda, EU measures inconsistent with the principle of subsidiarity — which is used to test the value-added of EU action — could be repealed. But the U.K. Parliament can already request the Government to bring an action before the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg against such a measure.
The settlement also ensures merely a token improvement to the rights of national parliaments in the EU legislative process. They will continue to be able to issue reasoned objections to draft EU legislation on grounds of subsidiarity infringement through the “early warning mechanism.” This grants each of the 28 Member States two votes, irrespective of whether their parliament is unicameral or bicameral. This makes for a total of 56 votes, despite there being a total of 41 national parliamentary chambers in the EU.
The difference from the current arrangement is twofold. First, parliaments will have 12 instead of 8 weeks to oppose draft EU proposals. This gives MPs and peers sufficient time to examine the merits of proposed EU measures.
Second, it introduces a “red card” procedure, allowing parliaments to halt draft EU legislation without passing the matter on to the Council and the European Parliament for a final decision.
Instead, if 55 percent of the votes allocated to parliaments are cast against a draft EU proposal, the latter is referred solely to the Council for a comprehensive discussion. The proposal can then only be maintained if parliaments’ concerns are adequately addressed.
This works in favor of the U.K. Parliament, because these concerns may vary considerably and it would be difficult for the European Commission to heed them all. This should lead the Commission to discontinue the proposal and this is in harmony with the U.K.’s request for EU legislative restraint
The threshold for the red card will increase from simple majority (29 votes) to 55 percent (31 votes). Either way, this is a tremendously high threshold. According to one estimate, the red card is not likely to affect more than 2 percent of EU measures and would only be flagged once or twice in the next two decades.
The key flaw with this kind of solution is that it promotes a negative role of parliaments, giving them only the power to delay and obstruct EU decisions. Scrutiny focused on who should act instead of on how to act isn’t an effective means of influencing the Commission: of the two yellow cards raised by parliaments so far, one proposal was withdrawn chiefly because of lack of support for it in the Council; the second proposal was maintained despite parliamentary opposition.
This mechanism is primarily an incentive to develop a culture of scrutiny. But Westminster is already a tough scrutinizer of EU affairs.
The role of national parliaments in the EU should instead be devised in a way that enables them to engage in discussions on the substance of EU policy and periodic competence evaluations to ensure that the extent of powers transferred to the EU is in line with the preferences of the domestic electorates.
The settlement furthermore introduces an ‘emergency brake’ aimed at denying newly arriving EU workers access to in-work benefits for a period of four years, while gradually increasing such access as the bond between the worker and the U.K. grows. This largely corresponds to Prime Minister Cameron’s requests.
Pulling the brake is legally contingent on the Commission’s examination of the break application and on the Council signing off on it. It might be difficult to prove that the inflow of EU workers has been of an exceptional magnitude over an extended period of time, that it has affected the essential aspects of the U.K.’s social security system, that it has caused serious and persisting difficulties in the employment market, or that it has put an excessive pressure on the proper functioning of public services.
To reduce uncertainty, the settlement includes a firm political guarantee that the U.K. already meets these conditions. It is trickier to get the brake enacted in the first place, because securing the European Parliament’s consent might lead to it being watered down. The brake might be challenged before the European Court of Justice too. This is therefore a delicate compromise between accommodating Britain and safeguarding free movement in the EU.
Still, the settlement does not prevent the exportation of child benefits. The level of payment will merely be adjusted to the standard of living in the child’s country of residence and even this remains optional. Such indexation already applies, for instance, in the Netherlands. Child benefit exportation is reportedly also allowed in Germany, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, the Czech Republic, Poland, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands. Indexation might be as good as it gets, because banning such exportation completely might result in the child moving to the host state, thus increasing immigration.
But benefit claims may not be such a big problem altogether. A University College London study shows that in the period 2001-2011 EU migrants made a net contribution of £20 billion to the U.K. economy, with Central and Eastern European migrants contributing 12 percent more than they received. EU migrants also accounted for no more than 2.5 percent of overall benefits administered by the Department for Work and Pensions in 2014.
* * *
The U.K.-EU settlement, despite being legally binding and only amendable with the U.K.’s consent, does little to reaffirm British sovereignty. It is primarily a set of restatements and interpretations of existing EU law with new proposals primarily in the area of social policy.
Yet Prime Minister Cameron’s vow to reassert parliamentary sovereignty is nonetheless redundant. Not only does the 2011 EU Act already do this, but more importantly — in U.K. law Parliament is sovereign regardless of the EU and of any legislative enactment. However, Parliament agreed not to fully exercise its sovereignty, so that the U.K. does not violate the primacy of EU law. The latter will therefore practically continue to constrain Parliament’s legislative supremacy as long as Britain is an EU member — notwithstanding the arrangements eked out in this or any future EU settlement.
But even if the U.K. left the EU, it would still not be sovereign in a way that it was centuries ago, because the world we live in has changed. Sovereignty, of the sort advocated by London Mayor Boris Johnson and Justice Secretary Michael Gove, is illusory. In the highly interconnected digital age with unprecedented levels of socio-economic and political interdependence, having ‘more’ sovereignty could actually mean harmful isolation rather than greater self-rule, because many factors that critically determine such self-rule operate outside of the U.K.
Finally, the settlement does provide political assurances that the U.K.’s concerns will be heard, playing down the otherwise symbolic commitment to an ‘ever closer union’ that Prime Minister Cameron considers incompatible with Britain’s place in Europe.
Pro-integration ‘core’ Europe has sent Britain a strong message in favor of remaining in the EU. And they are right: the U.K. should stay In for economic reasons much more compelling than those addressed in the settlement. But ultimately, the British people will have the last word in the June 23rd referendum.
|
<urn:uuid:721b53b6-e71d-44a3-94b3-bfab2c82bcdb>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://verfassungsblog.de/sovereignty-safeguards-in-the-uk-eu-settlement/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00322-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.939824
| 1,968
| 1.984375
| 2
|
TALK of "inevitable" war marked the front page of The Gympie Times on July 28, 1914.
The six-page edition - at the cost of two pence - launched four years of local and international coverage on what would come to be known as the First World War.
"It is asserted that hostilities will begin tonight," page one read.
The coverage only snowballed as Australia followed the British Empire into war and Gympie identities announced their support.
On Thursday, August 6, The Gympie Times announced that local military authorities received instructions to take preparatory measures for mobilisation.
"This has put a heavy strain on the various staffs concerned and they were working up to a late hour on Tuesday," the paper said.
"The mayor (Peter Green) has opened a list at the Town Hall for the names, addresses and particulars of those who have previously served in the forces, and who would be willing to enlist in case of the mobilisation of the local troops."
By Sunday, August 9, support from the Gympie region was shown in a public way by a patriotic demonstration at Queen's Park.
The Gympie Times reported: "The response of the citizens to the call for a patriotic demonstration and church parade in Queen's Park on Sunday afternoon met with a very hearty recognition."
"A record crowd assembling in the Queen's Park to show the patriotism of Gympie, and support of the Empire in the present war," it continued.
"A procession was formed up at the Town Hall, and from there marched to Queen's Park.
"Large numbers of people viewing the marching troops and citizens from various points of vantage, and then following on to the Park.
"The Union Jack, Australian Flag and other national flags were flying from the flag poles and hanging from balconies.
"At the head of the procession marched Staff Sergeant-Major Cole just in front of the City Band, which played martial airs en route.
"Next in order came Major E Bytheway, VD, Major DE Reid, DSO, and Captain S Holloway, who were followed by 50 troopers of the C Squadron, Australian Light Horse, under command of Capt AW Nash and Lieutenant A Chisholm."
Also included in the march was the Monkland Band, the Boy Scouts, the Mayor and Aldermen as well as city officials and the Ambulance Brigade, members of the Royal Society of St George, the Caledonian Society and members of the public in vehicles.
"Upon arrival at the park, the troops formed in a hollow square round a lorry draped with the Union Jack, on which were seated the Reverends AT Craswell, JJ Gee, R Collins-Davis, J Prowse and Adjutant Watterson."
While the demonstration showed the local support of Britain's part in the war, it did not defend war.
"Rev J Prowse said he was very glad that there were times when they could rise above their creed boundaries and stand on a common platform to express their loyalty to their king, and their sympathy with the struggles of the nation.
"It ill became Christian Ministers to fan the spirit of the war, still, there were times when it was right for the church to encourage war for defensive purposes," The Times reported Rev Prowse saying about the "great national crisis".
Strong words, reflecting what would rapidly become a global crisis, were spoken in Queen's Park on that Sunday August 9 where the Gympie community was reminded that if Britain fell it would be "nothing short of a world-wide calamity".
Mayor Green said he admired the community gathering and the patriotism it showed.
"(T)hey might not all be born Britishers but they were all British citizens," the paper reported, before saying the war could be over as quickly as it was sprung upon Australians, many of whom gathered in similar demonstrations across the country.
Sadly the war would claim many thousands of Australian soldiers, including sons of Gympie, before its end in 1918.
|
<urn:uuid:38889166-2bec-4aee-aa9c-46b2e04aa371>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.gympietimes.com.au/news/war-impacts-gympie/2332485/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00464-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.976582
| 838
| 2.25
| 2
|
The files, images, documents are one of the stuffs that each and every one of us want to save and protect it from hackers. Once the website is designed there will be visitors to the website. The information that is entered by the visitors needs to be stored in the database without any difficulty. But sometimes there will be some problem with the database regarding the backup. At time of the website down condition, there might be some problem of the information that is stored in the database being lost. At such situation it is very important to take back up of the information that is stored. What if there is an application that can help in taking the backup with great ease? Yes, it is possible through the use of secure backup software system application.
The user interface must be simple and easy to understand. This will be one of the interesting applications that one can work on and implement in real time world. This application can help in protecting the files of the users with great ease. The features that can be included in the secure backup software system application are as follows:
- Database management system: The backup of the website and the database will be managed easily through this application with great ease.
- Ease of access: This application will be easy to access since the user interface will be user-friendly.
- Secure: This application can help in taking the backup through the use of OTP that is being generated.
- Backup: The backup of any stuff can be taken with great ease through the use of this application with great ease.
- Hackers: The hackers will not be able to hack the information through the use of this application.
- Folders created: Folders will be created for the users in order to store the files that has been taken the backup.
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<urn:uuid:86e694ad-aed4-4fca-aefb-1bca3004003e>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://studentprojectguide.com/otherprojects/secure-backup-software-system/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00066.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.951627
| 359
| 1.960938
| 2
|
Harry Bridges Institute (HBI)
Now in its 17th year of operation, was founded to meet a pressing need to educate a new generation of workers about the rich history of the labor movement; to demonstrate the working community and to showcase and celebrate the contributions of labor leaders as well as rank-and-file trade unionists, not only in the founding of unions, but in the continuous struggle for worker’s rights.
Harry Bridges, champion of those rights and true union hero, founded the International Longshoremen’s and Warehousemen’s Union (ILWU) based on principles held in common by free trade unions the world over:
Social Justice and Equality,
Union Democracy and
The Right of Workers to Organize in
Free Trade Unions
The work of the HBI is aimed, not only at reviving the validity of these principles within the labor community, but also at “spreading the gospel” of trade unionism to the public at large. For decades, Americans have been told that unions are negative, and counterproductive to the ideals of American society, when in fact the opposite is true. A closer, more honest look reveals that many societal improvements – the benefits, etc. – have been earned by the blood, sweat, and tears of trade unionists, fighting for what they believed to be basic human rights.
The Harry Bridges Institute Community Labor Center has a large meeting room that is available to labor and community groups for meetings and events. We have a separate training room with state of the art video and audio equipment. We have a traditional (book) library and also a video library of hundreds of interviews with rank and file trade unionists from up and down the West Coast. If you have not yet seen this outstanding facility be sure to stop by. We are open Monday thru Thursday 10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. . As funds become available we hope to be open on a full-time basis.
We stand for the principle that our working class is based on labor throughout the world and that we must both educate ourselves about the struggles of workers everywhere and support these struggles as needed. We have organized in support of the MUA (Maritime Union of Australia), the Liverpool Dockers, The United Food & Commercial Workers (UFCW) and other international labor battles.
The HBI has developed an outstanding program of labor education directed at high school students, union members, and the community. We do everything from labor boat tours of the harbor to role playing lessons from the 1934 strike.
The HBI promotes a positive culture for labor by recognizing the contributions working class people make not only to their unions but the communities in which they live.
Board Of Directors
Dave Arian, President
San Pedro, CA
Arne Auvinen, Vice President
Diane Middleton, San Pedro, CA
Rachel Bruhnke, San Pedro, CA
Hector Cepeda, Wilmington, CA
Luisa Gratz, Los Angeles, CA
Al Green, San Pedro, CA
David Greene, San Pedro, CA
Ian Kennedy, Seattle, WA
Penny Lavery, Long Beach, CA
Louis Loveridge, Carson, CA
Annette Mcdonald, San Pedro, CA
Robert Osornio, San Pedro, CA
Lawrence Thibeaux, Kensington, CA
Goetz Wolff, Los Angeles, CA
Lewis Wright, San Pedro, CA
Pilar Wright, Wilmington, CA
Noriko Bridges, In Memoriam, San Francisco, CA
|
<urn:uuid:d543b7d4-1941-4507-be21-a32e07ad7465>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://harrybridges.com/home/?page_id=2
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00080-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.936343
| 730
| 2.125
| 2
|
(Received 29 April 1988; accepted 24 February 1989)
| ||Format||Pages||Price|| |
|PDF (132K)||5||$25|| ADD TO CART|
Cite this document
This paper examines the applicability of the Southwell method to predict the buckling load of columns where the shear deformation cannot be neglected. It is shown by mode superposition that the convergence of the series solution to the buckling mode is slow, since there are two critical loads of the same order associated with the first mode shape for rotation of the cross section. More important, the Southwell plot is not linear even when only one mode shape (corresponding to the lowest critical load in compression) is considered. An example of numerical simulation demonstrates that linearly fitting the Southwell plot can lead to significant errors in the prediction of the buckling load. The accuracy of buckling load determined by the Southwell method for typical elastomeric isolation bearings is also discussed.
National University of Singapore,
University of California, Berkeley, CA
Stock #: JTE11130J
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<urn:uuid:43eff1a2-5beb-42cf-b373-72bdcf264549>
|
CC-MAIN-2016-44
|
http://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/TESTEVAL/PAGES/JTE11130J.htm
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718296.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00539-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.847689
| 229
| 1.835938
| 2
|
Using data, New York City has already seen a preview of the effects of climate change, from superstorms to increasing number of days with extreme heat. However, the city is also uniquely poised to lead the fight against climate change in the US. NYC has pledged to become carbon neutral by 2050, meaning that its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions will be equal to the amount of GHGs it can negate.
More than half of the city’s GHG emissions are produced by the electricity and fossil fuels used to heat and power buildings. This sector will need to cut emissions drastically in order to reach net zero. This exploratory data analysis seeks to analyze current energy use in New York City’s buildings and search for trends and patterns to help determine a path forward.
Local laws require that all buildings over 25,000 square feet–and city-owned buildings over 10,000 square feet–report each year on their energy and water use. This data is publicly available on NYC Open Data. The datasets used in this analysis consist of building data for the calendar years 2020 and 2019. Approximately 29,000 buildings are included in each dataset. While this makes up a fraction of NYC’s approximately one million buildings these are the largest buildings in the city by square footage. As they contribute about 61% of all emissions from buildings in NYC, they represent a good place to start.
I began my analysis with the 2020 dataset, since it was the most recent available dataset. However, as in many industries, 2020 was an unusual year for building operations. Compared to the 2019 dataset, the total GHG emissions were approximately 19.7% lower in 2020 than 2019. The following graph shows the breakdown in GHG emissions by borough.
Manhattan saw the greatest decrease, with 23% lower emissions in 2020. The Bronx and Brooklyn saw the smallest decrease, with about 13.5% lower emissions in 2020. It’s possible that NYC saw true decreases in GHG emissions during the initial wave of the Covid-19 pandemic. It’s also possible that some of the GHG emissions were shifted from larger buildings included in the dataset to smaller residential buildings not included in the dataset. It will be interesting to see how emissions trended in 2021 as the city revved back up.
I checked for correlation between factors such as year the building was built and Energy Use Intensity, measured in kBtu/square foot. No correlation was found, suggesting that there is not a significant difference in energy efficiency between buildings built in different years.
The chart below shows the property types contributing the most to greenhouse gas emissions in NYC. Multifamily housing and office buildings were the biggest contributors by far, suggesting they will be good targets for emissions reductions regulations and incentives.
Green Power Generation Data
Of all the buildings reporting data, only 86 buildings reported onsite green power generation. In this dataset, green power generation means power generated from solar panels or wind turbines. The majority of the green power in the city is being generated by K-12 schools, as shown in the graph below. They generated nearly 140,000,000 kWh in 2020, which is enough to approximately 19,000 homes’ annual electricity use according to the EPA’s equivalency calculator.
New York City’s rooftop solar energy potential may be more limited than less densely built-up areas, and only 86 out of the 29,000 buildings in the dataset have solar panels. Roof space is limited, but it still seems NYC is not maximizing its solar energy potential. I decided to estimate how much green power could be generated if buildings of the same property type generated electricity at the same rate as the current green power producers.
Only five property use types had at least three data points, so I only looked at those five types (shown in the graph above). I estimated that approximately 4.26 terawatt-hours of electricity could be produced annually, which is close to 8% of NYC’s annual electricity use! It should be noted that rooftop square footage was not included in the dataset. Total building square footage is a useful but not totally accurate metric to use instead, since many NYC buildings are high rises with relatively low rooftop to gross square footage. The chart below shows the power generation potential of the five building types.
Comparison to Energy Star Benchmarks Data
Each entry in the dataset also includes the building’s Site EUI, or Energy Use Intensity, measured in kBtu/square foot. It is the amount of energy used per square foot for a building, and is useful to be able to compare the energy efficiency of buildings of different sizes. It is also useful to be able to benchmark against other similar types of buildings. Energy Star has calculated a list of median EUIs for different property types.
I used the 2019 dataset for this analysis since the 2020 data was so affected by the pandemic. Overall, the buildings in the dataset were well above the Energy Star national median, suggesting that the top emitting property types also have a lot of room for improvement in terms of energy efficiency. In a way, this means the path is straightforward: Tackle the highest emitting property types first to make large dents in citywide energy use and greenhouse gas emissions.
The plot below shows the site EUIs per property type of the buildings in the data, with only some of the top GHG emitting property types shown. The red dot indicates the Energy Star median EUI. The chart shows that for most of the top GHG emitting property types in New York, the median EUI is greater than the Energy Star median EUI.
This means those building types are using more energy per square foot than recommended, and are not as energy efficient as they could be. With the exception of Hospital, all property types included in the chart are less energy efficient than the Energy Star benchmark, with Prison/Incarceration EUIs being especially high.
New York City has a long way to go to tackle its greenhouse gas emissions and fight climate change. However, there are many areas for improvement, including relatively low energy efficiency of some of the largest energy user property types, and a lack of onsite green power generation throughout the city. Targeting these low-hanging fruits first could lead to fast, dramatic cuts in greenhouse gas emissions, while deep decarbonization will take more time.
Expanding the dataset to include smaller buildings would help get a fuller picture of energy use in New York, and see if energy use is shifting away from the larger buildings in the city due to changing work habits during the Covid-19 pandemic.
It would be interesting to look at the breakdown of fossil fuels and steam heat usage in the different buildings, and determine a path forward for electrification. How much more electricity will be required to support electrification of these buildings?
The skills I demoed here can be learned through taking Data Science with Machine Learning bootcamp with NYC Data Science Academy.
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RIP – Dr APJ Abdul Kalam
(October 15, 1931-July 27, 2015)
A Call for Peace and Harmony in the World
As we bid adieu to Dr APJ Abdul Kalam, heaven gates open up for Him for our earthly sojourn is but temporary while our heavenly abode is for eternity.
I had the privilege and pleasant experience of greeting him on his birthday when he visited Raj Bhavan during the tenure of Governor T N Chaturvedi here in Bangalore. We exchanged pleasantries. His calm disposure and humility appealed to me almost instantly. I would call him a ‘Karma Yogi’, one who worked tirelessly all through his life. I learnt that his keen sense of Secularism stemmed from his early childhood where he listened to healthy debates and discussion from three persons at his residence in Rameshwaram. The discussions were between his father Jainulabdeen who served as Imam in a Mosque, Rev. Fr. Bodal, who built the first Church on the island and Pakshi Lakhmana Sastrigal, a vedic scholar and a priest in a famous temple in Rameshwaram.
Even as we mourn the demise of our former-President and Bharat Ratna awardee the Late Dr. Abdul Kalam, his speeches and writings on world ‘Peace and Harmony’ continues to resonate in our hearts and minds. As an advocate of Peace and Harmony in India and the world over, he never missed a podium, where he could address these issues. He did it with a deep conviction, passion and an expressive urgency.
While addressing the European Parliament in Strasbourg, France, during the Golden Jubilee of the European Union, way back in 2007, he received a standing ovation when in the middle of his speech he passionately called for world Peace and Harmony, quoting Chinese thinker and social philosopher Confucius:
“Where there is righteousness in the heart
There is beauty in the character.
When there is beauty in the character,
There is harmony in the home.
When there is harmony in the home,
There is order in the nation.
When there is order in the nation,
There is peace in the world”.
Dr AJP Abdul Kalam’s frequent and clarion call for Peace and Harmony, both on National and International platforms was always related to socio-economic disparities as a reason for strife and injustice among peoples.
He pointed out that overcoming poverty in the world is a precondition for peace and harmony. He even quoted Tagore in connection with India, saying, “If you want to know India, study Vivekananda, in him all is positive, nothing negative.” He urged young minds to cultivate righteousness in the heart and told his listeners that, in his experience the answer lies in the power of great teachers.
For many Christians across the world, Dr. Kalam’s hope for ‘Peace and Harmony’ in the world is an echo of what Prophet Isaiah prophesied about the Jesus the Messiah “Righteousness will be the belt about His loins, faithfulness the belt about His waist. The wolf will dwell with the lamb, and the leopard will lie down with the young goat, the calf and the young lion and the fatling together; and a little boy will lead them. Also the cow and the bear will graze, their young will lie down together and the lion will eat straw like the ox.…” (Isaiah 11:5-7)
The prayer of St. Francis of Assisi also calls upon us “Lord, make me an instrument of your peace, where there is hatred, let me sow love; where there is injury, pardon; where there is doubt, faith; where there is despair, hope; where there is darkness, light; where there is sadness, joy; O Divine Master, grant that I may not so much seek to be consoled as to console; to be understood as to understand; to be loved as to love. For it is in giving that we receive; it is in pardoning that we are pardoned; and it is in dying that we are born to eternal life”.
I call upon all Christians to look upon the message of this great soul (Dr. Kalam) in the light of the Scriptures and our Christian Faith and calling to beacons of Hope, Peace, Justice and Harmony in the world. The first step in promoting this ambience is to begin from the vicinity we live in, both with fellow-Christians and brothers and sisters of other religions.
Archbishop of Bangalore,
President – Karnataka Region Catholic Bishops’ Council, and
President – All Karnataka United Forum for Human Rights
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A visitor to a prominent art gallery in Italy broke a 19th century sculpture earlier this week, after climbing up on it to take a selfie. (Said visitor is not actually Paris Hilton, FYI.)
The Greco-Roman piece in question is a replica of the drunken satyr, "an ancient Greek sculpture of the Hellenistic era showing a human-like figure with animal features" sleeping off a hangover. In other words, the potential for an Instagram selfie with #partyanimal #satyrpun hashtags was just too tempting. (Fortunately it's only a copy of the original work.)
Gallery staff at the Academy of Fine Arts of Brera in Milan found the sculpture missing a leg yesterday. The culprit's selfie antics were reportedly caught on security camera, which is thus an appropriately funny/sad/apt moral of the whole story.
Photo: Getty Images
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The International Monetary Fund’s board of directors approved a $2.6 billion loan to Sri Lanka last week. The vote was not without controversy. There are currently hundreds of thousands of ethnic-Tamil civilians trapped in military run concentration camps that are largely off-limits to international humanitarian organizations and international media. These hundreds of thousands of people streamed out of the conflict zone in April during the waning days of Sri Lanka’s long civil war. Ban Ki Moon has called the largest of these camps, Manik Farm, “the most appalling scenes” he has witnessed.
The loan’s defenders say that Sri Lanka needs this money to address a “balance of payments” that, if left unaddressed, “could have a devastating effect on the economy and people.” Not all member states bought that argument–or at least thought it sufficient to overcome their human rights concerns. The United States, the United Kingdom, France, Argentina and Germany, which collectively represent over a third of the IMF executive board’s voting shares, did not vote to approve the loan.
Meanwhile, former UN Dispatch Human Rights Salon participant and current assistant secretary of state for refugees Eric P Schwartz visited Manik Farm. Speaking to reporters outside the camp on Monday, Schwartz announced $8 to help the resettlement of the IDPs. From the Associated Press:
He said the U.S was “deeply concerned about a range of issues where further progress is essential.”
“In particular the vast majority of displaced persons remain confined to camps,” he said.
“Moreover there remain burdensome limitations on access to those camps for those international humanitarian organizations and others who are in a position to ameliorate the conditions faced by these victims of conflict,” he said.
Schwartz says he received assurances from top officials in Columbo that the displaced will be allowed to return home soon. I suppose we will have to wait and see if these officials follow through on their committments and obligations to international law.
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Your liberation is near. 21:25-36
In our passage for study, Jesus calls on us to be alert, for it is very easy for a believer to slip into the cares of daily living and drift in faith such that we miss out on joining with him in the day of glory.
v25-26. Early in this chapter Jesus mentioned to the disciples that the temple would soon be destroyed. The disciples naturally want to know when and how these things will happened. Jesus now describes the destruction of Jerusalem and the temple. Drawing on prophetic imagery, he describes this destruction in the terms of the shaking of the "sun, moon and stars" - the shaking of powers and authorities on earth and in heaven. This rather descriptive language does not really concern cosmic disturbance, or natural calamity, rather it describes political distress under the mighty hand of God, Isa.13:10, Ezk.32:7, Jol.2:10-11. Jesus uses prophetic language that was once applied to Israel's enemies, and which is now applied to Israel itself.
v27.The proclamation concerning the coming of the Son of Man is what actually shakes the powers and authorities. Jesus' "coming in the clouds" is a coming to heaven, or from our perspective, an ascending to heaven to reign, Dan.7:13. As Lord of heaven and earth, Christ brings all things into subjection to himself. Stephen, in his vision, witnessed this "coming", Act.7:55-56. So, the Son of Man's coming, his enthronement, brings with it judgment.
v28. The shaking of all power and authority should remind believers that their liberation draws near. This was true for the apostles, and it is also true for us.
v29-31. As new sprouts on the fig tree tell us that summer is near, so the presence of these signs tell us that God's eternal reign is bursting in upon us. The early Christians witnessed Jerusalem surrounded by armies and they knew well that the end of the restored kingdom of Israel was at hand. History tells us that the believers fled Jerusalem before its destruction by Rome in 70AD. These same signs will herald the end of our age and the realization of the kingdom of heaven. Let us pray that we too will be able to read the signs in that day.
v32-33. Finally, Jesus answers the disciples' question "when", namely "this generation will not pass away until all these things have taken place." The apostles did indeed witness the fulfillment of Jesus' words, but we need to be reminded that Jesus' prophetic words apply to our age as well as to the church in the first century.
v34-36. Jesus warns his disciples to be alert. These words warn us to not get caught up in worldly interests such that we take our eyes off Jesus. The last days will be devoid of faith and many believers will be carried away with the cares of the world. We need to pray that God will give us clear insight such that we are not lead us away from Christ. In the end, only those who continue to trust in the Son of Man will stand with him in the last day.
The shaking of heavenly bodies|
Biblical prophets always address their own generation, but their words also apply to other generations. For the disciples, the shaking of the "sun, moon and stars" imaged the destruction of the temple, but it also images another time in these last days. Although we think of cosmic dissolution, Jesus is speaking of a divine shaking of powers and authorities, both geopolitical authorities and those dark powers in heavenly places. This shaking is even now, but there is an implication that as the final day approaches, the pride of national sovereignty and the schemings of dark powers will rise against the throne of Christ. Persecution will go hand-in-hand with this shaking. Of course, only those with eyes to see will see it. The rest will be carried away by the glory of the "angel of light." All we can say is that when the day dawns, the children of faith will know it.
The purpose of these sayings of Jesus is not so much to prompt a reading of signs, but rather a renewing of faith. There are a number of motivators for the Christian life, and the return of Christ is one of the more powerful.
The danger we face in our Christian walk is that of secularization. Both the individual believer, as well as the church community, can get caught up in the "anxieties of life." This is particularly so today for the church, faced as we are with declining attendees and constricting budgets. It's very easy to rely on pragmatics rather than theology, easy to rely on marketing and management programs rather than faith in God's sovereign grace. Once a church gets into networking programs, rather than the straightforward communication of the gospel, then it has moved its members from faith to works. We are also under pressure to adjust our ethics, to comply with the social justice agenda of secular society rather than the revealed will of God. The gay marriage debate is a perfect example of this pressure.
We stand approved before the coming Son of Man, not by anything we do, but by a gift of God's grace appropriated through faith. If we have taken our eyes off Jesus and begun to focus on doing rather than receiving, then we face the danger of rejection on that day when we stand before our coming Lord. "Be careful" not to lose sight of this truth.
1. "Heavenly bodies will be shaken." What does this imagery represent?
2. "The Son of Man coming in a cloud". What is the purpose of his coming?
3. How are we "able to stand before the Son of Man"?
Print-friendly: Sermon Notes. and Technical Notes
Index of studies: Resource library
Pumpkin Cottage Ministry Resources
Lectionary Bible Studies and Sermons
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The Forgotten Books of Eden contain the following contents:
- In the First and Second Books of Adam and Eve, the conflict between Adam and Eve and Satan is depicted. The Secrets of Enoch (also known as the Slavonic Enoch or the Second Enoch) is a book on the life of Enoch. It includes: The Psalms of Solomon
- The Odes of Solomon
- The Letter of Aristeas.
- The Fourth Book of the Maccabees
- The Story of Ahikar.
- The Letter of Aristeas
- Some of the books that were left out of the Bible include the Gospel of Peter, the Gospel of Mary, the Gospel of Judas, the Gospel of Thomas, and the Secret Gospel of Mark, to name a few examples. Their exclusion provides surprising insight into the concerns of church leaders and intellectuals responsible for propagating the religion, as well as an insightful look at the early Christian and religious history of the world
What are the 14 books removed from the Bible?
The following are included in this section:
- 1 Esdras (Vulgate 3 Esdras)
- 2 Esdras (Vulgate 4 Esdras)
- Judith (in Geneva referred to as “Judeth”)
- Baruch, the Epistle of Jeremy (“Jeremiah” in Geneva), and the rest of Esther (Vulgate Esther 10:4 – 16:24)
- Ecclesiasticus (also known as Sirach)
- and the rest of Esther (Vulgate Esther 10:4 – 16:24)
What are the 7 books removed from the Bible?
Tobit, Judith, Wisdom, Sirach (Ecclesiasticus), Baruch, and the first and second Maccabees are the seven deuterocanonical works.
What 13 books are missing from the Bible?
This book comprises the following characters: 1 Esdras, 2 Esdras, and 3 Esdras. The books of Tobit and Susanna, as well as the additions to Esther, are all available online. The Book of Judith is a collection of stories about a woman named Judith. Wisdom of Solomon, Ecclesiasticus, Baruch, and other biblical texts Jeremiah’s Epistle, often known as the Book of Jeremiah, The Prayer of Azariah, Bel and the Dragon, the Prayer of Manasses, and other prayers are included. Among the books of the Bible are 1 and 2 Maccabees, Enoch’s Book of Jubilees, the Gospel of John, and others.
WHO removed the books from the Bible?
Both Catholics and Protestants believe that he was correct on a number of points and that he had a significant impact on Western history. His next step was to delete seven books from the Bible, which is considered to be one of his most significant accomplishments. So, what was it that caused Martin Luther to remove seven books from the Bible?
Why is the book of Enoch not in the Bible?
When Barnabas wrote the Epistle to the Hebrews (16:4), he was referring to the Book of Enoch as scripture. Many early Church Fathers, including Athenagoras, Clement of Alexandria, Irenaeus, and Tertullian, wrote around 200 that the Book of Enoch had been rejected by the Jews because it contained prophecies about the coming of Christ.
Why is the Catholic Bible different?
It is important to note that the Catholic Bible includes all 73 books of the old testament and new testament that are acknowledged by the Catholic Church, but the Christian Bible (sometimes known as “the holy bible”) is a sacred book for Christians and does not include any of these writings. The canon law of the Catholic Church is followed by a Catholic Bible.
Who wrote Bible?
Jewish and Christian dogma hold that Moses wrote the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy (the first five books of the Bible, as well as the rest of the Torah) around 1,300 years before the present. Although this is true, there are certain problems with it, such as the absence of evidence that Moses actually existed.
Did Jesus have a wife?
Mary Magdalene in the role of Jesus’ wife According to one of these manuscripts, referred to Mary Magdalene as Jesus’ friend and said that Jesus loved her more than the other disciples. This document is known as the Gospel of Philip.
Why was the book of Judith removed from the Bible?
What was the reason for the removal of the book of Judith from the Bible? They can still be found in the Bibles of the Catholic and Orthodox churches. They were deleted from the Protestant Bible as a result of anti-Catholic feeling that was prevalent in the United States.
Were there books removed from the Bible?
Christians are divided on the subject of the ‘Apocrypha.’ Others remind out that the ‘Apocrypha’ was included in every Christian Bible up until 1828, when it was finally removed. In 1828 these books were removed out of various Bibles. About 80 AD, the Jewish Council (Sanhedrin) resolved that the texts in question would no longer be included in the Hebrew Bible, but they would remain in the Christian Bible.
Is there a Bible with all the books?
The Holy Bible: King James Version, which includes all of the books of the Old and New Testaments, was first published in Lemuria Books in 1611.
Where is the Garden of Eden?
There have been a number of different hypotheses for its location among historians who believe it to have existed, including the head of the Persian Gulf, southern Mesopotamia (now Iraq), where the Tigris and Euphrates rivers meet the sea, and Armenia.
What is the oldest book in the Bible?
Ancient Hebrew Bible manuscripts, including the Dead Sea Scrolls, date back to around the 2nd century BCE (fragmentary), and some of them are housed in the Shrine of the Book in Jerusalem, the city of the Book. The Septuagint, a Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible that dates back to the 4th century CE, is the earliest full manuscript that has survived (Codex Sinaiticus).
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Quality management plan
The quality management plan is to give guidance on how the quality can be checked on the project through the design reviews, the documentation, and through other protocols. It provides the management and the customer a good understanding of how the quality can be maintained and what documentation work can be expected while addressing quality during the life of the project.
Project quality plan helps in identifying the quality standards that are relevant to the project by showing how to achieve them. This includes the implementation of the quality event like the peer review and checklist. The checklist can be executed by using various quality materials like the templates or the standards which are given within the organisation.
The Quality management plan is usually prepared by the project team which can be used both as a cross-reference for other documentation work and also as a guide which will help to understand the quality aspects of the project. The team members can refer the documents either in whole or use it as a reference which may help in examining the quality standards of the deliverables. The managers will refer to it to clarify if the practices considered are essential for the quality performance and also to affirm the responsibility for the practices. Customer may refer to the quality management plan for the assurance that the quality practices are in place for the deliverables and also to identify the particular practices. There may be references to the performance standard guides, quality standards like the ISO 9000, and the internal support documents. The quality management plan is usually limited to a single project or the attempt within the project and in terms of the outlining responsibilities and ownership. The outline of the quality management plan might include the following:
The quality management plan normally hinges largely on the quality practices and the policies of the supporting organisation. Some of the organisations with less emphasis on the quality may create the entire quality management plan as one- or two-page document. While developing a quality management plan, it is necessary to consider the customer's quality practices. The customers with high levels of quality planning and expertise often expect similar levels of effort from the suppliers and the supporting organisations.
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When Amos Radian, Israel’s Dominican Republic-based ambassador to the nations of the eastern Caribbean, spoke to the Jerusalem Post last week, he was unequivocal in expressing appreciation towards the Bigio family.
Gilbert Bigio, a Syrian Jew and honorary consul for Israel in Haiti also happens to be among the wealthiest men in that impoverished nation. The day before Israel’s relief team was due to arrive in Haiti, Ambassador Radian spoke to Reuven Shalom Bigio, son of the business magnate.
“Tomorrow the Israel Air Force is coming with two jets and 250 people and I have no place to put them,” Radian told Bigio. The response was swift as the Israelis were provided with Bigio-owned land to set up a field hospital. Radian said that the assistance provided “made us look so good”.
The billionaire industrialist’s loyalty to Israel is unquestionable. As the Jerusalem Post report said:
Gilbert Bigio’s own father came to Haiti in 1925 and was active in the Jewish community. He played a role in Haiti’s support for Israeli statehood in the November 1947 vote at the United Nations.
“Being in a city where there’s no synagogue, prayers are done at our house, Israel to us is the motherland. It’s the rock. It’s how we identify ourselves,” said Reuven Bigio. His father’s support for Israel’s mission here was immediate: “His desire to help was unconditional.”
Does the Bigio family have an unconditional desire to help Haitians? Not as far as one can tell.
In 2004, the Miami Herald reported on Haiti’s tiny and wealthy Jewish community and spoke to its de facto leader. Bigio saw no reason why the huge disparity between his own wealth and the poverty of those around him should breed in them any resentment.
Bigio, 68, lives in a big, beautiful house in Petionville, one of the few upscale neighborhoods in Port-au-Prince. Behind the well-guarded house is a luxurious swimming pool and a gazebo for outdoor parties.
Like most of the other Jews who remain in Haiti, Bigio is considered extremely wealthy in a country where 50 percent of the population is illiterate and 76 percent of children under 5 are underweight or suffer from stunted growth.
“I don’t think there’s resentment against people who are rich here,” says the retired businessman, who speaks English, French and Haitian Creole. “If you know how to manage success, people admire you instead of hate you.”
Cite Soleil, a seaside shantytown of more than 300,000 people residing in homes made of cinder blocks with tin roofs, has been described as poorer than India’s infamous slums of Calcutta. It is also the home of the Bigio business empire.
“Our purpose is to improve the quality of life of the communities we reach,” the GB Group says in its mission statement. A Haiti Information Project report from Cite Soleil published in January 2008 suggests otherwise.
While the surrounding residents of Cite Soleil are forced to literally eat dirt to stave off hunger, Bigio is a billionaire whose family supported the first coup against Aristide and reportedly helped to back the movement that forced his second ouster in 2004.
One need not look very far to see where Gilbert Bigio’s interests lie in relation to Cite Soleil. According to his own company’s web site his family maintains controlling interests in sixteen of Haiti’s largest companies. They are also the largest Haitian partner in the wireless communications giant Digicel, a mammoth company based in Ireland that has nearly cornered the cellular market in the Caribbean. Bigio’s family is not merely wealthy amidst a sea of poverty stricken residents in Haiti, his family represents the Über-wealthy who have benefited most since Aristide’s second ouster in 2004.
The Office of Foreign Assets Control of the US government blocked all of the Bigio family’s holdings in US banks following the brutal military coup against Aristide in 1991. Since Aristide’s second ousting in 2004, the financial wealth of the Bigio family along with those of other well off Haitian clans such as the Mevs, Brandts, Acras and Madsens have nearly doubled according to a confidential source at a private accounting firm.
Meanwhile, Israel’s image-boosting relief effort in Haiti is about to wrap up its operations – its medical and rescue team is set to return home by Thursday.
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Each of the six giant bronze sculptures weighs a tonne and over a kilometre of armature steel was required to build them. They will now sit at the heart of a 7 acre mixed use development, providing 1,038 new homes and 600 permanent jobs, as well as a one acre public park.
The sculptures were commissioned by Berkeley Homes to bring alive the history of the site, where once Mr. Goodman leased out the fields for London's livery horses. They will now hurtle in an arc through the piazza towards Leman Street where the lead stallion rears up dramatically - eyeballing commuters on every passing double-decker bus.
Tony Pidgley CBE, Chairman of the Berkeley Group, said:
'Development is about creating communities. At Goodman's Fields, we wanted to create one of the finest new squares in London, somewhere you want to meet your friends, relax, read a book and enjoy yourself. Public realm must be at the heart of all regeneration in a world class city. It's the bedrock upon which you create a sense of community.'
The artist Hamish Mackie reflected:
'It has been a sculptor's dream to be involved in creating a wonderful new place, with the support of a patron prepared to back ideas. This has been by far my biggest project. The horses needed 6.5 tonnes of clay. To put this into perspective I normally use 250 kg of clay in a year!'
Speaking at the launch event, Housing Minister Brandon Lewis MP said:
"I'm delighted to help unveil these new sculptures. They are a testament to the excellence of this entire site and will undoubtedly be welcomed by the thousands of people who are making Goodman's Fields their new home. Developments like this prove that our long-term economic plan is on track, getting Britain building and delivering the quality homes that hard-working people deserve."
Hamish Mackie began his career as a sculptor in a converted carthorse stable and became known for his ability to capture the essence, movement and energy of wild animals in their natural habitat. He models directly into clay after an intense period of observation, expressing the individual character of each animal he sculpts.
To set the horses in Goodman's Fields, Berkeley commissioned some of the leading technical and landscaping engineers in the UK. John Murdoch of Murdoch Wickham Landscape Architects, has designed a landscape that matches the horses in beauty and ambition: mature trees, pools and fountains follow the curved path of their charge through the piazza.
The sculptures also echo London's rich equine history and highlight the profound relationship that a city built on horse-power has with this magnificent animal.
For further press information or images please contact Katherine Cocke or Katie Trueman at
About Goodman's Fields
Goodman's Fields is a mixed-use urban quarter providing:
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Next: Distracting NSA Prev: Mail Aliases Up: Sending Mail
The major mode used in the `*mail*' buffer is Mail mode, which is
much like Text mode except that various special commands are provided on
the `C-c' prefix. These commands all have to do specifically with
editing or sending the message.
Send the message, and leave the `*mail*' buffer selected
Send the message, and select some other buffer
`C-c C-f C-t'
Move to the `To' header field, creating one if there is none
`C-c C-f C-s'
Move to the `Subject' header field, creating one if there is none
`C-c C-f C-c'
Move to the `CC' header field, creating one if there is none
Insert the file `~/.signature' at the end of the message text
Yank the selected message from Rmail (`mail-yank-original'). This
command does nothing unless your command to start sending a
message was issued with Rmail.
Fill all paragraphs of yanked old messages, each individually
There are two ways to send the message. `C-c C-s' (`mail-send')
sends the message and marks the `*mail*' buffer unmodified, but leaves
that buffer selected so that you can modify the message (perhaps with
new recipients) and send it again. `C-c C-c' (`mail-send-and-exit')
sends and then deletes the window or switches to another buffer. It
puts the `*mail*' buffer at the lowest priority for reselection by
default, since you are finished with using it. This is the usual way
to send the message.
Mail mode provides some other special commands that are useful for
editing the headers and text of the message before you send it. There
are three commands defined to move point to particular header fields,
all based on the prefix `C-c C-f' (`C-f' is for "field"). They are
`C-c C-f C-t' (`mail-to') to move to the `To' field, `C-c C-f C-s'
(`mail-subject') for the `Subject' field, and `C-c C-f C-c' (`mail-cc')
for the `CC' field. These fields have special motion commands because
they are the most common fields for the user to want to edit.
`C-c C-w' (`mail-signature') adds a standard piece text at the end
of the message to say more about who you are. The text comes from the
file `.signature' in your home directory.
To insert signatures automatically, set the variable
`mail-signature' non-`nil'; then starting a mail message automatically
inserts the contents of your `.signature' file. If you want to omit
your signature from a particular message, delete it from the buffer
before you send the message.
When mail sending is invoked from the Rmail mail reader using an
Rmail command, `C-c C-y' can be used inside the `*mail*' buffer to
insert the text of the message you are replying to. Normally it
indents each line of that message four spaces and eliminates most
header fields. A numeric argument specifies the number of spaces to
indent. An argument of just `C-u' says not to indent at all and not to
eliminate anything. `C-c C-y' always uses the current message from the
`RMAIL' buffer, so you can insert several old messages by selecting one
in `RMAIL', switching to `*mail*' and yanking it, then switching back to
`RMAIL' to select another.
You can specify the text for `C-c C-y' to insert at the beginning of
each line: set `mail-yank-prefix' to the desired string. (A value of
`nil' means to use indentation; this is the default.) However, `C-u C-c
C-y' never adds anything at the beginning of the inserted lines,
regardless of the value of `mail-yank-prefix'.
After using `C-c C-y', you can use the command `C-c C-q'
(`mail-fill-yanked-message') to fill the paragraphs of the yanked old
message or messages. One use of `C-c C-q' fills all such paragraphs,
each one individually.
Mail mode defines the character `%' as part of a word; this is
helpful for using the word commands to edit mail addresses.
Turning on Mail mode (which `C-x m' does automatically) runs the
normal hooks `text-mode-hook' and `mail-mode-hook'. Initializing a new
outgoing message runs the normal hook `mail-setup-hook'; if you want to
add special fields to your mail header or make other changes to the
appearance of the mail buffer, use that hook. Note: Hooks.
The main difference between these hooks is just when they are
invoked. Whenever you type `M-x mail', `mail-mode-hook' runs as soon
as the `*mail*' buffer is created. Then the `mail-setup' function puts
in the default contents of the buffer. After these default contents
are inserted, `mail-setup-hook' runs.
automatically generated by info2www
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| 0.778069
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Seated Liberty Dollar-No Motto (1840-1873)
Seated Liberty Dollar- No Motto (1840-1873)
The year was 1840. Martin Van Buren was completing a Presidential term blighted by terrible economic depression. This era, called the Hard Times, resulted from years of reckless Western land speculation and the growth of unregulated banks issuing a flood of unsecured paper money. The prolonged depression ravaged America's agriculture and industry and saw hundreds of thousands starving and unemployed.
Inherited from President Andrew Jackson was the Van Buren Administration's faith in "hard money"- silver and gold-as the only reliable store of value in contrast to shaky credit and worthless paper money. Expressing this hard money outlook, the Mint strove from 1836 to 1840 to create a new circulating silver dollar. No dollar coin had appeared for circulation since 1804, when the last of the 1803-dated Draped Bust dollars were released.
Mint Director Robert Maskell Patterson viewed the new dollar as the pinnacle of America's silver coinage. After all, it was a fortunate workman who made even four dollars for a work week of 76 to 80 hours of unremitting toil in this harsh era. A silver dollar was indeed a store of wealth to millions of impoverished working-class Americans.
An admirer of the seated Britannia on British copper coinage, Patterson believed that a seated female figure would be just as "emblematic of liberty" as the heads and busts adorning the nation's coinage. He engaged the great portrait painter Thomas Sully to make sketches for his seated Liberty. Sully perched her on a rock in Grecian robes, left arm supporting a Union shield with a scroll inscribed LIBERTY. Her right arm was raised and held a pole topped with a small Liberty Cap. The Mint's assistant engraver, Christian Gobrecht, adapted the Sully sketches to bas-relief art suitable for coinage. The result was the Seated Liberty design used at one time or another on half dimes, dimes, 20-cent pieces, quarters, half dollars and dollars from 1836 through 1891.
As reworked by Gobrecht and Robert Ball Hughes, Liberty emerged with a rounded head and her dangling right arm appearing immensely long, her left markedly shorter. Pattern obverses of 1836 and 1839 showed no obverse stars but placed the artist's signature in the field or on the base. Gobrecht's original reverses of 1836-1839 presented a magnificent flying eagle in a starry or plain sky. Unfortunately, the "No Motto" silver dollar of 1840-1865 deleted the innovative flying eagle, substituting the unimaginative but familiar "sandwich board" bird with dropped wings and a shield on its breast. Liberty had no artist's signature and sat demurely in a circle of 13 stars with the date placed below. The coins of 1840-65 do not have the motto IN GOD WE TRUST on the reverse.
Mintages were generally small by modern standards, totaling only 2,895,673 coins for the series. The Philadelphia Mint (no mintmark) struck all dates from 1840 to 1865 inclusive; New Orleans (O), struck dollars dated 1846, 1850, 1859 and 1860; the San Francisco Mint (S), struck this type dollar only in 1859. Mintmarks are located under the olive branch, between the eagle's feet on the reverse.
Tiny numbers of proofs were struck of most early Philadelphia dates, but they are of great rarity. Numbers struck are not known with certainty and are omitted from popular guide books. Proofs were first made for public sale in 1858 when perhaps 80 pieces were struck; later proof mintages never exceeded 1,000 except for 1860, when 1,330 pieces were coined. Proof restrikes were made of the 1851 and 1852 coins. The last No Motto date was 1865, with 46,500 business strikes and 500 proofs made. Two 1866-dated No Motto coins are known, but these "fantasy pieces" were made somewhat later for sale to wealthy collectors. In recent years, the existence of a single proof 1851-O specimen has come to light, though researchers postulate that this was accidentally made by the Philadelphia "Midnight Minters," (probably engraver George Eckfeldt and his son, Mint night watchman Theodore). In their haste to clandestinely supply the coveted 1851 issue, they overstruck an existing New Orleans Mint dollar, the flattened 'O' mintmark still being faintly visible.
Seated dollars never circulated to any great extent in the East, though numbers were in daily use west of the Mississippi. The Civil War further restricted their circulation as the numbers of business strikes and proofs struck contracted sharply. Bullion buyers snapped up most new silver coins for export as fast as they were made. These coins were shipped overseas for melting, and the only U.S. Mint product most citizens saw were the new bronze cents. Coin collectors derided the Mint as "Uncle Sam's copperhead factory."
These large silver coins had some odd striking characteristics. The actual position of Liberty's head may cause poor detail even on pristine specimens. The feathers on the eagle's leg and the claws may also show evidence of weak strike. Wear first appears on Liberty's thigh, right breast and the top of her head. The tops of the eagle's wings follow. Because of their size and weight, uncirculated coins stored in Mint bags will show scattered contact marks. Proofs often are hairlined from the careless handling of early non-numismatic owners or will show evidence of cleaning by old-time collectors.
Seated Liberty dollars have gained popularity with the entire collector community since the 1970's, when the great U.S. Treasury hoard of silver dollars was liquidated, though few of this early type were found. To collectors more familiar with Morgan and Peace dollars issued in the tens of millions, these earlier coins may seem scarce and elusive, and indeed they are. Only a small minority of all Seated Liberty dollars struck remain in existence today. Researcher Weimar W. White estimated that just a fraction survive-even in low grades.
Assembling a complete date and mint set in lower circulated grades is within reason, given patience and perseverance. An entire set in mint state will be costly, especially for examples of the 1850-O, 1851, 1852 and 1859-S. A complete run of proofs is a theoretically possible goal but one which will be unrealistic for any but the best-financed collector.
The Seated Liberty series continued from 1866 to 1873 with the reverse motto IN GOD WE TRUST. The coinage act of Feb. 12, 1873 discontinued the silver dollar and abolished the legal tender status of all silver dollars struck from 1794 to 1873. This is the law later savagely denounced by the vocal partisans of free and unlimited coinage of silver as the "Crime of '73." Legal tender status was restored to the standard silver dollar under the Bland-Allison Act of 1878, which prompted the coining of millions of Morgan Dollars.
Diameter: 38.1 millimeters Weight: 26.73 grams Composition: .900 silver, .100 copper Edge: Reeded Net Weight: .77344 oz pure silver
BIBLIOGRAPHY Alexander, David T., DeLorey, Thomas K. and Reed, P. Bradley, Coin World Comprehensive Catalog & Encyclopedia of United States Coins, New York, World Almanac-Pharos Books, 1990. Bowers, Q. David, Silver Dollars and Trade Dollars of the United States, Bowers & Merena Galleries, Wolfeboro, NH, 1993. Breen, Walter, Walter Breen's Complete Encyclopedia of U.S. and Colonial Coins, F.C.I. Press/Doubleday, New York, 1988. Vermeule, Cornelius, Numismatic Art in America, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1971. White, Weimar W., The Liberty Seated Dollar 1840-1873, New York, Sanford J. Durst, 1985
Coin Information Provided Courtesy of NGC
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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Audit of Paediatric Cardiac Patient Transport
This audit reports on the results of two-way interhospital transport of sick infants with cardiac problems from March 1996 to August 1997, using the T1 Globe-Trotter Neonatal Transport System. There were 33 transfers, of which 21 were retrieval transfers of 22 patients, 9 return transfers and 3 transfers to other hospital. Of the 22 patients retrieved, 50% were in significant heart failure requiring ventilatory support, 27% receiving intravenous prostaglandin E1/2 infusions and 23% with anticipated complications due to labile haemodynamic status. Their median age was 19 days (range 0.5 to 193 days) and median weight 2.91 kg (range 1.15 to 5.3 kg). For retrieval transfers by ground transport, the total travel and stabilization time were 88±41 minutes and 57±23 minutes respectively; the average total transport time being 2.4 hours. The single retrieval transfer by air took 2.3 hours in total. There were no equipment failures. Comparison of the pre- and post-transport haemodynamic parameters revealed no significant deterioration. Two-way interhospital transport of paediatric cardiac patients ensures smooth transfer of these high risk patients, and prevents the significant acidosis and hypothermia noted in previous one-way transfer of ventilated patients.
Keyword : Audit; Cardiac; Paediatric transport
Paediatric cardiac patients constitute a high risk group in interhospital transport. The acyanotic group of hospital inpatients to be referred to the tertiary centre for intervention is frequently in significant heart failure and often requiring ventilatory support. The cyanotic neonates may be receiving prostaglandin infusion to maintain ductal patency which predisposes them to apnoea. The previous practice of one-way interhospital transport where the patient was sent via ambulance with the accompanying doctor and nurse from the referring institution were, in several ways, disadvantageous.1 The hospital-based equipments are unsuitable for transport conditions, the equipments on board the ambulance are inadequate for paediatric patients and the accompanying staff may have received limited training in the rigour of transporting critically ill cardiac patients.
The sending out of a dedicated team from the receiving institution is the central idea in two-way transport. The aforementioned disadvantages may be overcome, although there is inevitable delay of travelling from the base to the referring institution. Since March 1996, the Grantham Hospital paediatric transport team was established to provide territory-wide two-way transport of paediatric cardiac patients. The guidelines suggested by the American Academy of Pediatrics are followed.2 There have been other audits of transfer of paediatric patients, though not exclusively focussing on children with congenital heart disease.3-5 In this audit, we report on the profile of paediatric cardiac patients requiring transport and discuss the logistics of such transport arrangement and to identify problems that need rectification. The effectiveness of two-way interhospital transport in ensuring a stable haemodynamic status was assessed.
Criteria for mobilization of the transport team
The criteria for mobilization included the following: i) neonates or young infants on ventilatory support, ii) labile or unstable haemodynamic status that warrants close monitoring during transport, iii) apnoea or hypotension as a result of intravenous prostaglandin infusion in ductal-dependent circulation, iv) severe hypoxaemia or heart failure, and v) anticipated complications which might necessitate procedures or therapeutic measures to be performed during transport.
Infants who were too ill despite attempts of stabilization in the referring institution were not suitable candidates for transport. Severe low cardiac output syndrome and significant metabolic abnormalities constitute an even higher risk of transfer. The on-site assessment and advice by a paediatric cardiologist with performance of appropriate bedside procedures (as balloon atrioseptostomy for complete transposition of great arteries) might be more beneficial. Mobilization of the team beyond the evening time was not possible in the study period as staff redeployment was only feasible during daytime (9am-5pm).
The transport team consisted of the paediatrician, nurse and health care assistant. The accompanying paediatrician was expected to have experience in neonatology and paediatric cardiology, be able to evaluate the cardiac status of the patient and have the ability to perform necessary resuscitation and stabilization procedures. A fellow with at least 6 months of experience in paediatric cardiology was the minimal requirement. The role of the doctor after arriving to the referring hospital included preliminary assessment of the patient's clinical condition, discussion with the parents about the patient's condition and to obtain consent for transport, to ensure adequate ventilatory support (checking the blood gas and endotracheal tube security) and homeostasis (glucose, electrolytes and intravenous access security) of the baby prior to transfer, and packaging of patient into the transport incubator. The nurse was responsible for making clinical observations every 15 minutes during transit and recording the relevant clinical information. The health care assistant ensured normal functioning of the various equipments, most importantly the batteries and the oxygen supply.
The transport system used was the T1 Globe-Trotter Neonatal Transport System. The mechanical ventilator was Bio-Med Devices' MVP-10k1, which could be adjusted to deliver flow rates up to 20 L/min, inspiratory time between 0.2 to 2 seconds, expiratory time up to 2.5 seconds, peak pressure to a maximum of 70±10 cm H2O, PEEP to a maximum of 16±4 cm H2O. The fractional inspired oxygen ranged from 0.21 to 1.0. The ventilator settings were monitored by the Bio-Med Devices' M-10k ventilator monitor. The additional hand ventilation circuit with manometric monitoring allowed simultaneous positive pressure ventilation in the transport of twins and provided backup should there be malfunctioning of the mechanical ventilator. The system could be supplied from the electric mains or the 12 V car battery.
The clinical parameters of the patients were monitored by the Hewlett-Packard portable monitor which was mounted onto the transport trolley. It provided continuous electrocardiographic monitoring, respiratory monitoring, pulse oximetry, core and skin temperature, continuous intra-arterial pressure monitoring and central venous pressure monitoring if necessary. Up to 4 intravenous or intra-arterial infusions could be given sing 50 ml syringe drivers. The vital signs of the patient was documented by the nurse every 15 minutes during the return trip. Adjustments of the ventilator settings or rate of intravenous infusion and any procedures performed were noted.
The data was collected prospectively from 1 March 1996 to 31 August 1997. The data collection included: patient demographic data, cardiac diagnoses and other medical problems, referring institutions, travel time, stabilization time, ventilation requirement and maximal settings, equipment utilization, number and types of intravenous infusions, need for intra-arterial monitoring, problems and complications encountered during transit. The travel time referred to the total time spent in the transporting vehicle, while the time of stabilization referred to the time difference between time of arrival at the referring hospital and the time of departure. The sum of the two time intervals was the total transport time. The clinical parameters that were documented just prior to departure from the referring hospital and immediately on arrival to Grantham Hospital included the followings: heart rate, systemic arterial pressure, oxygen saturation, arterial blood gas if intra-arterial line was in-situ and blood sugar by dextrostix. The temperature on admission was documented. For patients with intra-arterial lines, the blood gas was checked in the referring institution after the child had been stabilized within the transport incubator for 15 minutes; similarly, blood gas was repeated immediately upon arrival while the child was still inside the incubator.
Similar data of patients transferred in by one-way transport from the referring hospital was reviewed. Ten ventilated neonates and young infants admitted between September 1994 to September 1996 were randomly selected and their clinical parameters immediately upon arrival were compared with that of the ventilated patients retrieved by two-way transfer. The ventilated patients were chosen as they represent the more critical ones whereby effects related to suboptimal transfer may easily be apparent.
The distribution of demographic data and ventilatory settings was expressed as median and range. This offers important information with regard to the extreme possibilities that the equipments and facilities would need to cover. The results of clinical parameters were expressed as mean±standard deviation. Paired Student's t test was used to compare the clinical parameters prior to leaving the referring hospital and immediately on returning to Grantham Hospital. The comparison with the historic data was performed using unpaired Student's t test, Mann Whitney test and Fisher's exact test where appropriate. The significant level was set at 5%.
There were 33 transfers of 34 patients in the 18 month period, with an average of 1.8 transfers per month. The median age was 25.5 days (range 0.5 to 193 days). The age distribution was skewed to the left (fig. 1) and could broadly be divided into three groups of patients: i) neonates with ductal-dependent cyanotic cardiac lesions , ii) one to two months old preterm babies with significant heart failure due to persistent arterial duct, and iii) young infants with large left-to-right shunt corresponding to the drop in pulmonary vascular resistance. The median weight was 2.8 kg (range 1.04 to 5.3 kg). The were 17 boys and 17 girls, including one pair of monozygotic twins retrieved in the same transfer.
Of the 33 transfers, 21 were retrieval transfers of 22 patients, 9 return transfers to the referring hospital after intervention, and 3 transfers to other hospitals for other aspects of care. All the 22 requests assessed on-site were judged to be suitable for transport. The median age and weight were 19 days (range 0.5 to 193 days) and 2.91 kg (range 1.15 to 5.3 kg), respectively. The average retrieval transfer was 1.2 per month.
Indications for and mode of transport
The indications for which the transport team was mobilized were shown in table I. Of the 22 patients retrieved, 50% were in significant heart failure requiring ventilatory support, 27% (6/22) were given continuous intravenous prostaglandin E1 / E2 infusions for ductal-dependent cyanotic heart conditions. The remaining 23% (5/22) of patients had labile haemodynamic status with anticipated complications during transport. Twelve patients were either sent back to the referring hospital after interventions in Grantham Hospital or transferred out for other aspects of care.
Ground transport by ambulance was employed in 31 transfers (20 retrieval, 11 return or to other hospitals), while helicopter was used in 2 transfers. Air transport was employed in one return and one retrieval transfer to and from Tuen Mun Hospital, respectively. The baby girl retrieved was 4 month old and weighing 3.3 kg, with a cardiac diagnosis of truncus arteriosus and ventricular septal defect. She was complicated by severe heart failure, for which ventilatory support was instituted. To avoid delay due to traffic jam on the day of transfer, air transport was selected. The hospitals involved in this transport network were listed in table II.
For retrieval transfers by ambulance, the travel time to-and-fro was 80 ± 41 minutes per transfer. For the retrieval flight from Tuen Mun Hospital, the flying time was 10 minutes in contrast to the 60 minute-journey of sending the incubator to Tuen Mun Hospital by ambulance.
The stabilization time in all the retrieval transfers was 57 ± 23 minutes. The stabilization time, as defined by the difference between the time of arrival and time of departure, actually included the time of mobilizing the central supporting staff and moving the incubator to the ward. The activities performed during this period included gathering of clinical information, assessment of the patient and performing necessary procedures, obtaining consent and transferring the patient to the incubator.
The average total transport time per retrieval transfer by ambulance was 145±55 minutes, the single retrieval by helicopter took a total of 140 minutes. For back transfer or transfer to other hospitals, the total transport time was 129±49 minutes.
Equipment use and medications
All patients had continuous electrocardiographic and respiratory monitoring. One patient with prolonged QT syndrome and episodes of ventricular tachycardia had a defibrillator standby. Two patients had the chest drains left in-situ after ductal ligation. Intra-arterial lines were inserted in 50% of the patients, which allows continuous blood pressure monitoring during transit. Continuous intravenous infusions were required in 82% (28/34) of patients. Fifteen patients required only one intravenous infusion, while 12 required 2 or more. The maximum needed was four. The types of infusions were listed in Table III. Intravenous boluses of medications were required during transit in 3 patients, midazolam in two and pancuronium in one. There were no equipment failures or dislodgement of lines being documented, irrespective of the mode of transport. Battery change, however, was required for the Hewlett-Packard transport monitor if it was switched on for more than 1 hour. Transient intermittent loss of signal from the pulse oximeter was the only common problem.
Positive ventilatory support was required in 65% of the patients (22/34). Twelve of 22 patients retrieved were ventilated, the median ventilatory settings were: peak inspiratory pressure 22 cm H2O (range 15-25), PEEP 4 cm H2O (range 4-6), rate 38/minute (range 26-50), inspired oxygen concentration 50% (range 25-78). No serious complications of ventilation occurred. There were no documented dislodgement of endotracheal tube during transit. After the initial adjustment of the ventilator settings based on the blood gas result after stabilizing the baby within the transport incubator, no further adjustments were required throughout the return journey.
Comparisons of the clinical parameters to identify possible deterioration as a result of transport showed no significant difference (Table IV). The comparisons were made only for retrieval transfers as the data collection is more complete to allow meaningful interpretation. There was no significant change in oxygen saturation in children with cyanotic heart disease after transport and the haemodynamic status remained relatively stable. The rectal temperature on admission was 37.2 ± 0.4°C (range from 36.5 to 38.1°C). The comparison with the historic data was illustrated in Table V. The previous practice of one-way transport was associated with patients being admitted in a more acidotic, hypercarbic and hypothermic status.
No patient died or deteriorated during transit. The arrhythmia was well controlled with no breakthroughs throughout the journey. There were no serious complications or equipment failure. All the 22 patients retrieved underwent medical or surgical interventions: 17 patients received corrective or palliative cardiac surgery, two received interventional cardiac catheterizations, two for control of arrhythmia with one requiring pacemaker insertion, one for continuous renal replacement therapy after cardiac surgery. The median duration of stay for these patients was 17 days (range from 2-57 days). Fifty % of the patients could be discharged directly from Grantham Hospital, 41% (9/22) being transferred back to the referring hospital or other hospital for continual care, while only 9% (2/22) died eventually after surgical interventions.
The provision of two-way transport of sick infants with cardiac problems aims to minimize the possible deterioration in transit in view of the labile haemodynamic status. Historical data suggests common findings of hypothermia and mixed respiratory and metabolic acidosis with the previous practice of one-way transport. The major difference between the planned two-way transfers and the previous ad-hoc transfers appears to be the provision of optimal pre-transfer stabilization and means of tackling with anticipated problems during transfer. A poor clinical status upon arrival might require a longer period of stabilization is required before any surgical or transcatheter interventions could be performed. Furthermore, significant deterioration during transit with low cardiac output or severe hypoxaemia would worsen the eventual outcome despite subsequent rectification of the cardiac lesions.
Pre-transfer stabilization in the referring hospital is important for a smooth transport. Early and correct diagnosis of the underlying heart condition dictates appropriate management and allows ample time for stabilization before referral. The transport team should optimize the patients's condition prior to transport.6-8 Four aspects that need to be focussed on in paediatric cardiac patients are: i) the need for ventilatory support, ii) institution of inotropic support, iii) control of arrhythmia and iv) maintenance of ductal patency by prostaglandin E1/2 infusion. Intubation during transport should be avoided if possible. The decision to intubate should be made while in the referring hospital after initial assessment. Patients with heart failure and significant respiratory distress, those with recurrent prolonged apnoea after starting intravenous prostaglandin E1/2 infusions are candidates for elective intubation before transfer. The position and security of the endotracheal tube should be ascertained. Infusions of inotropes and antiarrhythmic medications should be continued. For patients with refractory, life-threatening arrhythmia, a defibrillator with the paediatric pads should be available on board the ambulance should emergency defibrillation be required in transit. Continuous prostaglandin E1/2 infusion is lifesaving for neonates with ductal-dependent cardiac lesions as pulmonary atresia, transposition of great vessels and severe left ventricular outflow obstruction. This drug should be stocked in the transport incubator as it is not universally available in all the private hospitals.
The mean stabilization time of 57 minutes compares favourably with the another reported audit of neonatal transport.3 The calculation of the stabilization time in this study included the time required to wait for the central supporting team to help transferring the incubator from the ambulance to the ward. There is usually a delay of 10 to 15 minutes, which in essence is wasted. The notification of the central support team of the referring hospital through the mobile phone when the ambulance is arriving would probably minimize such delay. The trip to Tuen Mun Hospital by helicopter is merely only one-sixth the time that of ground transport. Air transport to-and-fro Tuen Mun Hospital avoids the potential problems relating to unexpected traffic congestion (such as inadequate oxygen or battery), reduces the vulnerable period that patients with unstable haemodynamic status are exposed to and reduces the total transfer time. The use of helicopter as a routine in such circumstances should be considered. Unfortunately, the current policy did not allow air transport of the vacant transport incubator to Tuen Mun Hospital.
All the transfers had been relatively smooth. To minimize the risk of complications during transit, the child should be well sedated before starting the journey. It is common to give a single intravenous bolus of midazolam just before leaving the hospital, and it usually serves the purpose. Some of the patients were already started on continuous morphine, fentanyl, or midazolam infusions. The infrequent use of muscle relaxant may reflect the reluctance of the team to use such medication for fear of accidental extubation. The checking of line patency and endotracheal tube security is especially important. Should reinsertion of the lines or the tube proved necessary during transit, it would be advantageous to request the ambulance be pulled over, rather than struggling with the vehicle moving. This, of course, would not be feasible in a helicopter which therefore emphasize on the importance of pre-transfer stabilization. It is extremely noisy inside the helicopter which makes verbal communications difficult. Furthermore, one is firmly strapped in during the flight which renders performance of procedures difficult. The equipments and the ventilator had been reliable and the readings were quite consistent during transit, whether by ambulance or helicopter transport. Apart from intermittent interference of pulse oximetry signals, the electrocardiographic signals and quality of pressure tracings had been satisfactory.
The establishment of a dedicated transport team is not a minor undertaking. The cost includes a team consisting of at least a third year medical officer, third year nurse and a first year health care assistant, the equipment depreciation cost, cost of medications, ambulance or helicopter transport cost, other public transport cost (for example taxi fare) after return transfer and mobile phone maintenance expenditure; opportunity cost includes the preparation time, waiting time, redeployment with reduction of staff for the established activities. Under the current circumstance, the team cannot be 'dedicated' as such as it is definitely not cost-effective to have a team standby only for the sake of transport in view of an average of 1.8 transfers per month, with two-third being retrieval transfers. Flexible redeployment of staff from the intensive care unit to form the team is necessary for each transfer, so that early notification is important and the team to be mobilized on a semi-elective basis.
The provision of the transport team is currently limited to daytime service. The time taken from receiving the consultation call to actual mobilization of the transport team reflects not only the time necessary for the stabilization of the patient in the referral hospital, the urgency of the situation and the mobilization efficiency, but also the time and personnel constraints in the actual clinical setting. This time slot data was not collected in the present study in view of the semi-elective transfers for some of the patients due to the presently formidable constraints, thus confounding the final interpretation.
Accurate documentation of the timing and any reasons for the inevitable delay does, however, allow for more objective appraisal of the urgency of the transfer and the preparatory phase before the actual transfer. Furthermore, data on the clinical status of patients regarded as stable enough for one-way instead of two-way transfer after initial telephone consultation was not available. The auditing of the outcomes of patients selected for one-way transfer after initial screening would provide suggestions for necessary revision of the guidelines for two-way interhospital transport in the future.
In conclusion, two-way interhospital transport of paediatric cardiac patients by the transport team ensures smooth transfer of these high risk patients. The maintenance of a stable haemodynamic status minimizes the delay for subsequent surgical or transcatheter interventions.
1. Pon S, Notterman DA. The organization of a pediatric critical care transport program. Ped Clinics of N Am 1993;40:241-61.
2. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Hospital Care: Guidelines for air and ground transportation of pediatric patients, Pediatrics 1996;78:943-50.
3. Leslie AJ, Stephenson TJ. Audit of neonatal intensive care transport. Arch Ds Child 1994;71:F61-6.
4. Robb HM, Hallworth D, Skeoch CH, Levy C. An audit of a paediatric intensive care transfer unit. Examining the workload and practice of the medical team. British Journal of Intensive Care 1992;Nov-Dec:371-9.
5. Black RE, Mayer T, Walker ML, et al. Air transport of pediatric emergency cases. N Engl J Med 1982;307:1465-8.
6. Qslon CM, Jastremski, Vilogi JP, et al. Stabilization of patients prior to inter-hospital transfer. Am J Emerg Med 5:33,1986.
7. Hackel A. A medical transport system for the neonate. Anaesthesiology 43:258,1975.
8. Hicks TC, Danzl DF, Thomas DM, et al. Resuscitation and transfer of trauma patients. A prospective study. Ann Emerg Med 11:296,1982.
This web site is sponsored by Johnson & Johnson (HK) Ltd.
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Tamiya re-releases Hood to our 1/700 Waterline Series. Along with the high-quality finish ofthe original model, this kit includes an all-new E Class Destroyer which accompanied Hoodduring its pursuit and final showdown with Bismarck in the Denmark Strait.
About British Battle Cruiser Hood and E Class Destroyer Built in May 1920, Hood remained one of the worlds largest warships for nearly 20 years,although by the outbreak of WWII she was relatively outdated in terms of naval technology. OnMay 23rd, 1941, Hood set out as part of a naval force to hunt down Bismarck and PrinzEugen, which were heading toward the Atlantic to assault Allied shipping. On the morning ofthe 24th, Hood spotted and engaged the German ships in fierce combat. The more modernBismarck outmatched Hood, sinking it with hits from its huge main guns. Along with thedemoralizing loss of its symbolic flagship, the British navy also suffered the loss of 1,415men, including Admiral Holland and his talented officer corps. A total of 9 E Class Destroyerswere built in 1934-35, featuring 1,350 ton displacement, 100m length and top speed of 36knots. They were armed with 4 main guns, 8 AA guns, 8 torpedo launchers and 20 depthcharges. 2 E Class ships, Echo and Electra, escorted Hood on her final mission, both survivingthat assignment. Electra had the grim distinction of rescuing Hoods only 3 survivors.
About the Model
Royal mail at £3.50, or Express at £6.95.
Full details at checkout.
Some items cannot be sent via Royal Mail due to their restrictions.
To see shipping costs simply add the item to your basket and choose your country from the drop down list on the view cart page.
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Understanding the Purpose and Power of Women: God's Design for Female Identity
Date: April 2021
Duration: 7 hours 20 minutes
Women of every culture and society are facing the dilemma of identity. Traditional views of what it means to be a woman and changing cultural and marital roles are causing women conflict in their relationships with men. Women are under tremendous stress as they struggle to discover who they are and what role they are to play today—in the family, the community, and the world. In this expanded edition of Understanding the Purpose and Power of Women, now with helpful study questions following each chapter, best-selling author Dr. Myles Munroe examines societies’ attitudes toward women and addresses vital issues such as:
- Are women and men equal?
- How is a woman unique from a man?
- What does the Bible really teach about women?
- Is the woman to blame for the fall of mankind?
- What are the purpose and design of the woman?
- Should women be in leadership?
- What is a woman’s basic communication style?
- What are a woman’s emotional and sexual needs?
- What is a woman’s potential?
To live successfully in the world, women need a new awareness of who they are and new skills to meet today’s challenges. Whether you are a woman or a man, married or single, this book will help you to understand the woman as she was meant to be.
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Create a free profile to get unlimited access to exclusive videos, sweepstakes, and more!
It’s been a long time since I’ve used a hair dryer—a chamois is more useful these days—but even when I had thick, luxurious auburn hair (and I did) it never would have occurred to me to use hair dryers like artist Antoine Terrieux did. He created pretty amazing kinetic artwork using a series of dryers … and some pretty interesting physics.
Watch this video and be delighted!
These displays were at La Maison des Jonglages in La Courneuve, just outside of Paris. They all rely on the physics of fluid flow in one way or another, of course, but also exploit other phenomena.
The first sequence, with the vinyl record (hipster art?), uses the dryers to force air under the record. That pushes the disc up, but at the same time it’s also gyroscopically precessing, wobbling as it spins. A precessing object means its spin axis is changing; look at the hole in the middle of the record and imagine the spindle going through it. As the record moves that spindle would point in a different direction, moving around in a circle. The Earth does this too!
Left to its own, friction would cause the record to slowly flop down and stop. But the air forced under the record by the dryers adds energy to it, and is set up to balance the loss from friction. On and on it goes.
Next: The ball floating above the air dryer looks like magic! What keeps it from blowing away?
The Bernoulli effect. The air dryer is blowing a tilted column of air that is lower density than the air around it. The denser air tries to flow in to that column, providing a force keeping the ball constrained, like it’s in an invisible net. If it tries to fall out the air pushes it back in. I’ve tried this at home, and it’s hard to find the right angle and balance point, but it can be done.
I love the next one, with the string blowing up and falling down over the line of dryers. The string falls, momentum brings it down into the stream, and it blows back up again. It’s up against a wall, so that the air flowing upward creates a version of the Bernoulli effect that keeps the string from blowing away. Still, I bet this was hard to set up!
The vortex next is very cool. Note that the dryer is pointing up, so it’s drawing air out of the chamber. At the bottom is probably a small fan above a fog maker, spinning the air as it rises (although the hair dryer itself may provide enough spin, like water spinning as it falls down the drain). You can make these at home, too.
The next is my favorite of all. It’s another variation on the levitating ball, but this time the dryers are tilted, acting together to create (what I think is) a rotating column of low density air. The paper airplane floats along, pushed by the air, flying around, and held in place by the higher pressure air outside the column. Very, very clever.
The last one is just funny. I wonder how he waterproofed the hair dryer? I’ll note that there was no “WARNING – ELECTROCUTION HAZARD” sticker on it. Good thing this installation wasn’t in America.
Pretty cool. And all of this reminded me of another video I just saw, where these effects were put to even more elegant use:
Wow. It’s like that floating plastic bag scene from American Beauty but far more graceful and without all the stoner wisdom.
The wisdom here is obvious enough, but bears repeating: There is great science in art, and there is great art in science.
Tip o’ the curlers to Dan Vergano and Physics Today.
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Series Three: Blog Thirty-Nine
“Power comes from being centered and clear. This is where answers, insights, and lessons will come to the surface of awareness.”
Relationships can be fickle. The more you open your heart and invite someone to be close, the greater likelihood you might encounter conflict that could have been avoided had you chosen to not to be vulnerable. For reasons beyond your control, friendships waver, jobs don’t work out, people suddenly die, and marriages fall apart. There are times that life seems to close in like a vice grip. During these times you feel lonely, isolated and question your ability to make solid decisions. You feel vulnerable to compare what you don’t have to what other’s do have. There are times you must face issues that those around your refuse to acknowledge. You are afraid of other’s judgment. You are sensitive and aware of how much you want other people to accept and approve of your decisions and behavior.
Sometimes you fear other people’s judgment about your behavior. Your fear of their judgment is a way of carrying their shame. You understand their concern around your behavior and you don’t want to disappoint them because you love them very much. However, your awareness takes you to a different place and decision. Your fear of their disapproval is really a way for you to carry their fear of life. This is the way shame is passed from one generation to the next or from one person to another. There is no visible sign but rather it is a relational and transactional experience.
There are times we need to endure and get through rough spots in relationships. There are other times we need to recognize it is time to let go. There are considerations designed to bring you to the center of your soul when the road of life creates unexpected twists and turns.
The only person that keeps you on the treadmill is you. Create quietness in your mind. Notice the life force in all living things that surround you. Allow your own brilliance to speak to you about your next step toward healing brokenness in your relationship. You will find wisdom to take the next step when you still the noise of your chattering mind and listen to your heart by tuning in to your body and your feelings. This is the way cement your next steps and create meaningfulness in relationships.
Subscribe to receive the latest stories, thought leadership, and growth strategies from PCS therapists.
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Identifying, Exploring, and Understanding Diversity through the Study of Specific Cultural Interactions: A Case Study
The study of specific cultural interactions can provide an effective tool for students to expand their knowledge and understanding of the dimensions of diversity.
||Diversity, Culture, Cultural Interactions, Tourism, Australian Higher Education
International Journal of Diversity in Organizations, Communities and Nations, Volume 5, Issue 2, pp.33-44.
Article: Print (Spiral Bound).
Article: Electronic (PDF File; 976.405KB).
Gary Best joined the School of Sport, Tourism and Hospitality Management at La Trobe University in late 1996. Prior to that Gary was Associate Dean, School of Economics and Commerce, and Associate Head, School of Commerce, La Trobe University. Gary is currently the External Programs Co-ordinator. He has a high level of administrative and management expertise, including strategic planning and the analysis of organisational cultures. Gary's research interests are in heritage, distinctive cultural interactions in touristic contexts, and commodification. Gary has been a cultural tourist since he first set off for London in 1976. His other areas of interest include popular culture, and automotive history.
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Write a Review
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When it comes to mental health, most people are not trained in how to respond to situations that are crisis or non-crisis. Mental health concerns in Arkansas and the United States are at an all-time high.
This growing need for mental health services, along with continued shortages of providers, resources, and transportation, has created an enormous unmet need in both rural and urban communities.
According to the Centers for Disease Control, more than 50% of people will be diagnosed with a mental illness or disorder at some point in their lives, and 1 in 5 Americans will experience a mental illness in a given year.
The Arkansas Rural Health Partnership is trying to fill the gap by educating people across the state in Mental Health First Aid (MHFA).
Mental Health First Aid is an international, evidence-based program that prepares participants to interact with a person experiencing a mental health crisis.
Participants learn to identify, understand, and respond to signs and symptoms of mental health and substance use challenges with a five-step action plan. According to Amanda Kutenkuller, senior program director for the Arkansas Rural Health Partnership, “this internationally recognized, evidence-based program takes the guesswork out of how to respond to someone experiencing a mental health challenge.”
Like traditional first aid, Mental Health First Aid gives participants the tools they need to feel confident responding to a difficult situation. Mental health first aid is about getting the person experiencing mental health problems the help they need. This can guide them towards self-help, encouraging professional help or getting immediate help. The program covers both crisis and non-crisis situations.
Mental health challenges and substance use challenges often go hand in hand, so Mental Health First Aid also incorporates substance abuse challenges into its curriculum.
“Substance use problems are so pervasive in our communities and schools that we really can’t deal with one without the other,” according to Kuttenkuler.
Kuttenkuler, who has been with the partnership for three years, was recently named the top mental health first aid instructor for the state of Arkansas. Kuttenkuler trained over 580 people last year across Arkansas.
“For me, it’s about meeting people where they are and changing their views on mental health. I have been blessed to share this program with many people from all over the state and every time the response is the same “why didn’t we do this sooner?” I love meeting new people and sharing this program with them. My favorite thing is to listen to stories
about where the training made a real difference in a given situation. When you see the words and ideas you give people turn into actions that help someone, that’s how you know you know you’re making a difference.”
After a recent study at a local high school, participants decided to create an anonymous way for students, parents and teachers to anonymously report a mental health incident. Within six months, the line was used over 130 times by students, with 16 of them experiencing non-suicidal self-harm or suicidal thoughts and ideas. The school district was able to get these students immediate help.
ARHP has also trained health professionals, educators, and civic groups throughout the state. One of the most recent groups trained by ARHP is the entire athletics staff at the University of Arkansas at Monticello, where their entire staff of coaches and directors have been trained in mental health first aid.
Arkansas Rural Health Partnership is a nonprofit organization that includes 15 rural hospitals, two community health centers and two medical universities, including Magnolia Regional Medical Center.
The partnership recognized the need to address mental and behavioral health when their respective communities expressed the need in 2019 during community health needs assessments conducted in South Arkansas.
“We hope we are able to provide mental health first aid to as many teachers, students, community members, church leaders, health care providers and emergency responders as possible,” said Mellie Bridewell, president and founder of the Arkansas Rural Health Partnership.
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Presentation on theme: "Today’s Menu: Taste of: -Mediation Main Course: -Mark Theme 3 & 4 Worksheets -Explore the 4 traits of rituals -Dessert: -Begin working on your Chapter."— Presentation transcript:
Today’s Menu: Taste of: -Mediation Main Course: -Mark Theme 3 & 4 Worksheets -Explore the 4 traits of rituals -Dessert: -Begin working on your Chapter 2 study sheet
Rituals What is a ritual? –______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ What are some of the occasions in our lives that are marked by rituals?
4 Characteristics of Rituals Human culture has found ways of surrounding these ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Let us brainstorm of the traits of rituals?
4 Traits of Rituals 1.________________________________. What is tradition? Most important rituals have a long history- what are some examples? A ritual helps to pass on the _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________
4 Traits of Rituals 2. ___________________________________ Have a __________________________ Examples? It is not only a spiritual event; but also a bodily
4 Traits of Rituals 3. ___________________________________ Helps us to give ______________________ Express and make real and effective what the symbolic ritual intended Need our human ability to ___________________________________ ___________________________________
4 Traits of Rituals 4. ___________________________________ Important rituals are not intended for the ______________- they are essential for building ______________________
Church’s Use of Symbols and Rituals _________________________________ –Bring to memory the event of Jesus Christ and ______________________________________ ______________________________________ –In each sacrament, the words recall memories of what God has done in the past –We call upon the Holy Spirit to come and do for us now what was done for our ancestors
Next Class: We are going to be looking at the Church’s symbolic actions –7 Sacraments –Symbols –See you there!!
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Golden Lava Flow Faturan
One of the rarest and sought after Faturan Types is called Golden Lava Flow Faturan, not to be confused with guanine crystals that give a glitter and shine in some Celluloid products. Bulgarian Catalin has also been given the name Lava Flow Catalin due to its similar pattern however it is nothing more than a cheap Catalin mix that has neither the Gold or properties of Faturan. Golden Lava Flow Faturan is a very rare mixture that involved a complicated and costly method of preparing a combination of melted gold and infusing it with Faturan. As the Gold is in a liquid Molten form when combined with Faturan it gives a almost Lava Magma look, hence the name. The infusing of Golden Lava Flow into Faturan however as stated is very complicated and is not always successful. If either the Gold or Faturan is not at the right temperature when fusing than it may result in the gold having a burnt look or the Faturan being cracked from the sheer heat of the molten gold.
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July 31, Colombo: A Committee has been appointed in Sri Lanka to draft an amendment to the Constitution to limit the powers of the executive president and reinstate the 17th Amendment with further amendments, and to completely eliminate the preferential vote system.
The Committee will be headed by the former Chief Justice Sarath Nanda Silva, Ceylon Today reported.
The amended Constitution will strengthen the positions of the Prime Minister, ministers and powers granted to the Parliament.
Further the amended constitution will strengthen the independent Public Service Commission, Elections Commission, Judicial Service Commission and the National Police Commission as included in the 17th Amendment.
The former chief justice has told local media that the Jathika Hela Urumaya (JHU) Parliamentarian, Ven. Athuraliye Rathana Thera has handed over him the responsibility of the task.
"I am working independently using my experience. After I have completed the draft, it will go to another group of intellectuals to get some feedback," Silva was quoted as saying.
He has added that the committee is an effort to lessen the unlimited powers given to the President under the present Constitution.
According to the former CJ, after the upcoming Uva Provincial Council election is over, the Committee will hand its report to the President expecting him to implement the amendments it made to the Constitution. Fernando to discuss the matter. However, the latter had not attended the discussion.
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Figure 12.1: Global mean surface air temperature anomalies from 1,000-year control simulations with three different climate models, HadCM2, GFDL R15 and ECHAM3/LSG (labelled HAM3L), compared to the recent instrumental record (Stouffer et al., 2000). No model control simulation shows a trend in surface air temperature as large as the observed trend. If internal variability is correct in these models, the recent warming is likely not due to variability produced within the climate system alone.
Ideally, a detection and attribution study requires long records of observed data for climate elements that have the potential to show large climate change signals relative to natural variability. It is also necessary that the observing system has sufficient coverage so that the main features of natural variability and climate change can be identified and monitored. A thorough assessment of observed climate change, climate variability and data quality was presented in Chapter 2. Most detection and attribution studies have used near-surface air temperature, sea surface temperature or upper air temperature data, as these best fit the requirement above.
The quality of observed data is a vital factor. Homogeneous data series are required with careful adjustments to account for changes in observing system technologies and observing practices. Estimates of observed data uncertainties due to instrument errors or variations in data coverage (assessed in Chapter 2) are included in some recent detection and attribution studies.
There have been five more years of observations since the SAR. Improvements in historical data coverage and processing are described in Chapter 2. Confidence limits for observational sampling error have been estimated for the global and hemispheric mean temperature record. Applications of improved pre-instrumental proxy data reconstructions are described in the next two sections.
Detection and attribution of climate change is a statistical "signal-in-noise" problem, it requires an accurate knowledge of the properties of the "noise". Ideally, internal climate variability would be estimated from instrumental observations, but a number of problems make this difficult. The instrumental record is short relative to the 30 to 50 year time-scales that are of interest for detection and attribution of climate change, particularly for variables in the free atmosphere. The longest records that are available are those for surface air temperature and sea surface temperature. Relatively long records are also available for precipitation and surface pressure, but coverage is incomplete and varies in time (see Chapter 2). The instrumental record also contains the influences of external anthropogenic and natural forcing. A record of natural internal variability can be reconstructed by removing estimates of the response to external forcing (for example, Jones and Hegerl, 1998; Wigley et al., 1998a). However, the accuracy of this record is limited by incomplete knowledge of the forcings and by the accuracy of the climate model used to estimate the response.
Estimates using palaeoclimatic data
Palaeo-reconstructions provide an additional source of information on climate variability that strengthens our qualitative assessment of recent climate change. There has been considerable progress in the reconstruction of past temperatures. New reconstructions with annual or seasonal resolution, back to 1000 AD, and some spatial resolution have become available (Briffa et al., 1998; Jones et al., 1998; Mann et al., 1998, 2000; Briffa et al., 2000; Crowley and Lowery, 2000; see also Chapter 2, Figure 2.21). However, a number of difficulties, including limited coverage, temporal inhomogeneity, possible biases due to the palaeo-reconstruction process, uncertainty regarding the strength of the relationships between climatic and proxy indices, and the likely but unknown influence of external forcings inhibit the estimation of internal climate variability directly from palaeo-climate data. We expect, however, that the reconstructions will continue to improve and that palaeo-data will become increasingly important for assessing natural variability of the climate system. One of the most important applications of this palaeo-climate data is as a check on the estimates of internal variability from coupled climate models, to ensure that the latter are not underestimating the level of internal variability on 50 to 100 year time-scales (see below). The limitations of the instrumental and palaeo-records leave few alternatives to using long "control" simulations with coupled models (see Figure 12.1) to estimate the detailed structure of internal climate variability.
Continues on next page
Other reports in this collection
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generations@school - Gravity Racer Project (Huolin Koulu School, Finland). 12 year old students and granddad Hannu Gustafsson worked and learned together on an exciting project to build a gravity racer car.
Individual life-time achievements - Bruno Põder (Kersti Skovgaard, Estonia). Bruno continued to work as a surgeon until the age of 80 without losing his positive attitude or his ambition to contribute to society.
Social Entrepreneurship - Two Generations Share a House (Typhaine de Penfentenyo, France). Ensemble2générations, created by Typhaine de Penfentenyo, addresses the isolation of older people and the shortage of affordable student housing. Since 2006 there have been over 900 student/elderly partnerships and over 15 regional branches opened in France.
Age-Friendly Environments - Life-Long Living (Fredericia, Denmark). An example of a new model for interaction between elderly citizens and the local social services, focusing on everyday rehabilitation. The programme saves €70,000 per month in assistance services requested by seniors –tangible proof of increased independence!
Workplace for all Ages - Managing People of Different Ages (Helsingin kaupunki, Henkilöstökeskus, Finland). Helsinki seeks to be a model for promoting an age-diverse workforce by getting everyone involved: from local sports centres, to health care providers, to occupational services.
The Awards Scheme reflects the three dimensions of the active ageing approach promoted in the course of the European Year 2012: employment, social participation and independent living.
To read more information about the awards, winners and finalists, please visit this page.
To read about Equinet’s contribution to the European Year, through the publication of its perspective on Tackling Ageism and Discrimination, please click here.
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| 0.866891
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