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Shirley Adelson Siegel Is My Intersectional Feminist Role Model
It often feels like people see my religion as a handicap, something that holds me back from being a good feminist and a good activist. How can I be either one when I belong to a religion that says some pretty questionable things about women, the LGBTQ+ community and other minorities? It’s not easy, but it’s possible; Shirley Adelson Siegel is a perfect example.
Shirley Adelson Siegel is proof that Judaism isn’t something that has to hold me back from being a good feminist or activist. On the contrary, Judaism can be the force that propels me forward and pushes me to be a better person. Judaism has taught me to love my neighbor as I love myself, to not speak ill of others, and to take care of people who need help, all of which are things that make me a better person and a better feminist.
Part of being a better feminist means understanding the importance of intersectionality. To me, intersectional feminism is feminism that knows no boundaries—the goal being to ensure that anyone who identifies as female is treated with the same respect, given the same opportunities, and treated equitably overall. It takes a lot of hard work and elbow grease, but when it’s at its best, intersectionality allows all women to reap the benefits of feminism.
Many people think that Judaism and activism can’t go hand-in-hand, but I think that they do. As Jews, we are taught that everyone is created in God’s image, B’tzelem Elohim. When I think about that, I realize that intersectionality is truly a necessity, and that I need to help achieve equality for all.
Siegel is a woman who knows hard work. She graduated as the valedictorian of her high school in 1933 and went on to study at Barnard at a time when there was an unspoken quota for Jewish students. As a junior at Barnard, Siegel landed a job with the not-for-profit New York Legislative Service and became interested in property law and affordable housing, which she later studied in Law School. She was the sole woman in the Yale Law School class of 1941.
After she graduated, Siegel interviewed with over forty law firms before she was offered a job. She had to overcome what she described as the “double handicap” of being a woman and Jewish. Eventually she became the first woman ever hired at Proskauer, an international law firm. During her time at Proskauer, Siegel would spend her lunch hour at the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), which inspired her to write pro bono legal briefs challenging the Japanese internment camps during WWII before she had even passed the bar. Once she passed the bar, she continued to write briefs and she eventually argued in front of the Supreme Court.
In 1959, Siegel was hired by New York Attorney General Louis Lefkowitz to run the newly founded Civil Rights Bureau. In this office, Siegel was able to enforce fair hiring practices in trade unions and airlines for women and minorities. Her early career was marked by her determination to fight for African Americans to be able to purchase homes, since at the time, African Americans and other minorities were often banned from buying or even renting property.
Siegel was New York’s Solicitor General from 1979 to 1982. After she retired as an attorney, she continued to take on foreclosure cases pro bono through the City Bar Justice Center. Throughout her career Shirley Adelson Siegel represented people who no one else wanted to represent. She fought for people to have homes and jobs so they could provide for their families.
Shirley Adelson Siegel inspires me to look beyond my own life experiences, and lift up people who don’t benefit from the same privileges I have. It’s easy to be intimidated by her accomplishments, to look at what she’s done and think: I could never do that. When asked about the source of her passion for social justice, Siegel responded “I think a lot of Jews are like that.” When someone as accomplished as Siegel says that the source of her passion is her Judaism, I know I can do the same.
This piece was written as part of JWA’s Rising Voices Fellowship.
How to cite this page
Gelb, Madelyn. "Shirley Adelson Siegel Is My Intersectional Feminist Role Model." 6 March 2019. Jewish Women's Archive. (Viewed on August 13, 2022) <https://jwa.org/blog/risingvoices/shirley-adelson-siegel-is-my-intersectional-feminist-role-model>.
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Pet Euthanasia Rates Decrease by 87% in Maricopa CountyPosted on
As a member of The Alliance for Companion Animals, and partner in Fix Adopt Save (FAS), ADLA is pleased to share the impact that has been made in Maricopa County through the collaborative efforts of our partners. Pet homelessness and euthanasia rates in the Valley were at an all-time high prior to 2012. But thanks to seven years of the FAS initiative, our groups have decreased euthanasia by 87% while reducing total intake of animals at shelters by 44%. This effectively saved nearly 33,000 animals.
At the FAS press conference on September 18th, ADLA President Stephanie Nichols-Young discussed ADLA’s role in the initiative thanks to its Spay Neuter Hotline which provides Trap Neuter Return services. As she stated, “We’re seeing more awareness and acceptance of trap, neuter, return as a way to reduce the number of cats living on the street.” You can watch her presentation here.
FAS is funded by Nina Mason Pulliam Charitable Trust and PetSmart Charities. Additional thanks to all our partner groups and veterinary and community partners whose work help make these results possible.
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Gravel and stones create an attractive permanent mulch for garden borders, but planting new shrubs and plants is challenging if the correct procedure is not followed. The use of gravel and landscape fabric diminishes opportunities for weeds to grow in gardens, stops plants self-seeding and aids water retention. When planting in gravel beds, you need to clear the stones from the planting area and cut the landscape fabric. When you have planted your new plant or shrub, the landscaping materials can be replaced.
- Skill level:
Other People Are Reading
Things you need
- Plants or shrubs
- Scoop or plastic pot
- Bricks or pieces of timber
- Sharp knife
- Garden scissors
Arrange the new shrubs or plants in the garden border, so you know where you will plant them.
Remove gravel from the planting area and pour it into a bucket using a trowel or scoop. Create a square frame of bricks or pieces of timber to hold the rest of the gravel away from the planting area.
Cut an X shape into the landscape fabric using your sharp knife or garden scissors -- this should be approximately double the size of the plant root-ball. Fold back the four triangular flaps created by your cut to reveal the earth beneath.
Dig a hole for your new plant using the shovel, this should be deep enough for the plant root ball. Add garden compost or potting material and position your plant or shrub in the hole. Use the shovel to replace the garden soil around the plant and firm down.
Water the new plant and pat the triangular-shaped landscape fabric back into position around the plant. Tip the gravel from the bucket around the new plant and remove bricks or timber that are restraining the remaining gravel. Level the gravelled area around the new planting to create a smooth surface.
Tips and warnings
- Add perennial shrubs and plants to your gravel garden, so you are not continually digging it up.
- An empty plant pot is an ideal scoop for gravel.
- Ensure that gravel is held back from the new planting area, as you do not want it to mix in with your garden soil.
- 20 of the funniest online reviews ever
- 14 Biggest lies people tell in online dating sites
- Hilarious things Google thinks you're trying to search for
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Electricity & Magnetism
Dressed to Impress: Attraction Between Electrons
By "dressing" the potential of electrons, researchers have taken what may be a big step toward room-temperature superconductivity!
More Physics in Action by Topic »
Hovering Snowflake Decorations
Decorate in style this holiday season with static electricity
More Physics@Home by Topic »
Interview with Astronaut Don Pettit
We talk to Don about scary moments in space, immigrating to Mars, human spaceflight and more.
More People in Physics by Topic »
Zombie Apocalypse Survival Gear: Ham Radios
The zombies are coming! Quick: What should you scavenge together for the impending attack?Baseball bat, check.First aid kit, check.Ham radio equipment? You better hope so.Earlier this week, Dragon Con — the annual sci-fi, fantasy and comic book conve..
Can a book inspire you as a child to grow up and solve one of the most famous mysteries of mathematics? Come take a peek inside Physics for Entertainment to find out. Originally published over seventy years ago in Russia, this classic book answers many fascinating questions that one might not even think are physics questions. “Can an invisible man see? Why are all cats grey when the candles are out?” The excerpt below explains the habits or our beloved drinking bird toy.
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I sit here with the indigo ink on my finger and I am proud that I went to the polls as a free man in a free South Africa, to cast my vote along with my fellow South Africans black and white, rich and poor in this our fifth general election.
It was a special moment for me, since my daughter voted for the first time in a national election. We both couldn’t resist the temptation to take selfies of our thumbs, which reflect the celebration of our right to vote, and how technological advances have enabled us to record the moment as it happens.
In many ways, her voting for the first time can be compared with South Africa and its emergence as a teenage democracy into a young adult democratic state.
As I drove with my daughter to the polling station, I reflected on the time when Madiba was released from prison and my role on February 11, 1990. I was included in a special task team of doctors to ensure that in the event that some deranged person tried to harm Madiba, we would do everything possible to save him.
On that occasion everything that I learnt in emergency medicine played in my mind. As I stood in the City Hall behind Madiba, as he addressed the jubilant crowd gathered on the Grand Parade, I hoped, while listening to his awe-inspiring speech, that I would not have to use my medical skills in the event of a catastrophe.
History shows that the day was uneventful and thank goodness Madiba, with his great wisdom, went on to become the first president of a democratic and free South Africa. Who can forget, in this year in which we celebrate 20 years of freedom, the most enduring memories of the election then on April 27, 1994? This includes memories of a beaming Nelson Mandela putting his cross on a paper and of millions of joyous, patient South Africans in undulating queues.
We should never underestimate just how glorious it is that we can so casually stroll in to a polling booth and determine the government we want. It is a right we did not have before April 27, 1994. Therefore, as South Africans we should cherish our freedom and hard fought right to vote.
South Africa is a young democracy, invested with the blood and sweat of hundreds of thousands of men and women who gave their lives for the right to vote. It is not a right that came by easily. It is not a right that we should be treating with frivolity. And it is a right that comes with obligations. An obligation on us to play our part in crafting a South Africa that we can all proudly call home. An obligation on the government we elect to deliver the South Africa we have entrusted to their care.
In 20 years we have achieved a fair amount as a nation. The government has, of course, asserted its “good story to tell” with respect to the 12.5 million people who have been provided access to accommodation through government housing programmes; the reality that more young people than ever are now in our education system; that fewer people suffer from TB; and that our infant mortality rate is down.
Yes, much has been done. Truer still is that much more needs to be done.
As Sekunjalo, I would like to believe that as an investment group we have contributed towards the good story of our country. Over the years we have combined a philosophy of “doing good and doing well”. At numerous times in our history, as a company, we have made a call to action of our employees to put “people before profits” and to develop enterprise programmes for the bottom of the pyramid.
Sekunjalo has been a pioneer in articulating social development as a core of its business philosophy and remains today the most awarded black economic empowerment group in South Africa. It remains the only company that has consistently ranked number one multiple times in the Empowerdex rating due to our commitment towards economic transformation, employment equity, corporate social investment, enterprise development and social development.
People have often remarked that we have done the right things the hard way to build a sustainable business that embodies both the letter and spirit of a new kind of South Africa. Our approach of combining our business model with a strong emphasis on social impact remains an important narrative in the South African journey of business in 20 years of freedom.
As someone who has experienced democracy through many roles and perspectives – as a doctor, as an activist, as a business leader and as a philanthropist, I have tried to focus on some things that we, as the Sekunjalo Group, should do to honour our 20 years of democracy. We should do this in partnership with our fellow South Africans, our colleagues in business and the government and civil society. We should envisage a great South Africa, so that in 2034, we can say we achieved many of the goals that it has the potential to fulfil.
We can honour our 20 years of democracy in the following ways:
l Creating a Nation State: Our role in our democracy does not start and end with casting our ballot. It extends to every part of our lives. We must accept responsibility as fellow South Africans to create the nation state that was desired by Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu, Oliver Tambo, Chief Luthuli, Braam Fisher, Ruth First and Ahmed Kathrada. We must, like they did, put our country first.
l Rooting out Corruption: A number of mechanisms have been put in place to root out the corruption that is bedevilling this country and these mechanisms will, it is hoped, restore public confidence in the state and the economy. Corruption reduces economic growth, competitiveness and investment. It is not only a problem to be fixed by the public sector. We need to start creating a culture of zero tolerance across society, with businesses and citizens playing our part.
l Truly South African Media: For the first time ever, we have true black ownership of the media in the transfer of Independent Newspapers last year to Sekunjalo, a majority shareholder. Much has been said about my ties with the ruling party and I want to say the following: Media has a critical role to play in the transformation of society. It must live up to its role, with pride and sincere responsibility, as the fourth estate. It must put its stake in the ground with respect to its responsibility. As Independent Media we believe that our role is to help build a better South Africa.
l Jobs: At the heart of building a strong economy is the need for us to play a role in employment creation, which is the key to ending poverty and inequality. What we should be doing is supporting entrepreneurship, forging relationships across Africa, fostering innovation and supporting South Africans to convert their ideas into sustainable, doable business plans.
l An end to bigotry: We all have an absolute responsibility towards building a nation free of bigotry. This includes looking at how we, as a nation, are transcending our past of bigotry and racism to assert a South Africanism that goes beyond creed and colour. We have indeed come a long way. But, we hear daily the stories of people who will not let go of immoral, outdated, ludicrous notions of superiority or inferiority. And it is incumbent on each and every one of us to play a part in stamping this out.
l Education: More young people than ever are now in our formal education system, but are we teaching them to become thinking, critical members of society? As parents and teachers we have a huge responsibility to transform the nature of education and bring commitment and passion to our classrooms.
l Technology: We must use technology to enable people to overcome the cycle of poverty and for our country and continent to emerge as technologically advanced, providing hope to our many young people.
l Youth development and support: We should actively develop programmes in partnership with the government to create opportunities for our young people to become active citizens and entrepreneurs and professionals contributing to the growth of our company. We should harness the energy and resources of our young people as a positive contribution toward growing our economy and improving the living standards of our people.
l Sustainable partnerships: Our countries future depends on us building sustainable business and economic partnerships between business, government and labour. A social development accord with the engagement of civil society as a key partner is important to achieve sustainable job-led growth in our economy.
I am under no illusion about the task ahead and the need to create jobs and eliminate poverty and build a society that is socially cohesive. As business leaders it is our obligation and legacy to use our skills base, our capital and our resources to build businesses that lead to economic growth and real social development.
I am positive about South Africa and its future. I am positive about our continent and believe that we now as South Africans and Africans need to commit to building our future. Our democracy has successfully conducted another election that was peaceful, orderly and testimony to Madiba. The best gift we could have given him is the safeguarding of these democratic ideals.
Let us remember the words of Madiba: “Sometimes it falls upon a generation to be great. You can be that great generation. Let your greatness blossom.”
Iqbal Survé is the executive chairman of Sekunjalo Independent Media, which publishes Business Report and other newspaper titles.
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National Bullying Prevention Month
Friday, Oct 01, 2021
October is National Bullying Prevention Month. In efforts of showing our zero tolerance for bullying, the school counseling team will be working together to provide classroom guidance lessons on what bullying is, types and signs of bullying, and action steps to take. Discussing this topic openly will help build a safe and confident school community and promote self-advocacy and unity in students.
To deliver lessons, our school is partnering again this year with The Monique Burr Foundation to implement their comprehensive, research-based prevention programs called MBF Child/Teen Safety Matters. Students will receive engaging, and age-appropriate classroom lessons in October and November that educate and empower them to prevent, recognize, and respond appropriately to bullying, cyberbullying, abuse, and other digital dangers. If you do not want your child to participate in the MBF Safety Matters program, please complete this Google Form . Once completed, you will receive more information or the following form to view and complete: K-8 Parent Opt-Out ; 9-12 Parent Opt-Out .
To learn more about the program or student safety, visit www.mbfpreventioneducation.org .
We are also excited to share with you that our school community will be celebrating Unity Day on Wednesday, October 20, 2021. Unity Day is an annual event that occurs during National Bullying Prevention Month in October. It promotes joining together to create healthier communities through kindness, acceptance, and inclusion and to send a visible message that no child should ever experience bullying. This is a day when we can come together in one giant, orange message of hope and support. The call to action is simple: WEAR AND SHARE ORANGE . This vibrant statement becomes a conversation starter, showing support for students who have been bullied and for bullying prevention.
The following are some guidelines for this activity:
- Orange tops must be solid and without print unless it is a school shirt.
- School uniform bottoms and shoes must be worn.
- Orange accessories are allowed.
- Unity Day Shirt by PACER can be worn if you would like to purchase on your own.
As a reminder, students must continue to adhere to the dress code policies set in place. Click here to access the Dress Code Policies .
According to StopBullying.gov (2020), “ Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time. Both kids who are bullied and who bully others may have serious, lasting problems.”
There are various forms of bullying including verbal, social, physical and cyberbullying, all of which can have long-lasting impacts. TO lean more about bullying and what it is and how to help your child respond, please visit the following sites:
Below are some important reminders for the month of October
October - School-Wide Bullying Prevention Initiatives
October 20 - Unity Day (Wear and share orange )
October 25 @ 8:30 am
- K-5 Counselor Coffee Talk: Comprehensive Counseling & Safety. Please register
October 27 @ 8:30 am - 6-8 Counselor Coffee Talk: Comprehensive Counseling & Safety. Please register here .
Resources / References:
- StopBullying.Gov (2020). What is bullying?. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved from https://www.stopbullying.gov/what-is-bullying/index.html
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Some properties may be entitled to an exemption or a discount depending on the circumstances of the property and who lives there.
Please read the explanatory notes below and if you think that you may qualify for a reduction contact us giving us the details of your circumstances or complete the online form where one is available.
Please note that if you decide to apply for an exemption or a discount you should continue to make payments as requested on your latest Council Tax bill. If your application is successful a revised bill will be issued which will take account of any payments you have already made.
Properties which are not occupied and exempt from Council Tax
Exemptions may be available for empty properties which are not occupied, some examples are:
- Unfurnished and unoccupied (100% discount for up to 3 months)
- Undergoing or requiring major structural work or repair (50% discount for up to 12 months)
- Owned by a Charity (exempt for up to six months)
- Left empty by someone who has gone to live in a residential care home
- Usually lived in by a student, a minister of religion, someone in prison, or someone who has moved out to receive or provide personal care
- Empty because someone has died and the grant of probate or letters of administration have not been completed (exempt for up to six months once probate has been granted) – please insert link to notify us of a deceased person e-form
- Empty because the law prevents anyone from living there
Owners of unoccupied properties may not be entitled to any further discount where the exemption or discount period has ended. Where a time limited exemption or discount has been applied to a property, a revised bill will be issued when the exemption/discount is due to expire.
Second homes and long term empty properties
Owners of second homes and furnished unoccupied properties are not entitled to a discount.
Owners of properties that remain unoccupied and unfurnished for more than 6 months are not entitled to any discount.
Owners of properties that remain empty and unfurnished for more than two years have to pay a long-term empty property premium of 50% of the Council Tax. This means that these properties will be liable to pay 150% of the Council Tax.
Properties which are occupied but exempt from Council Tax
We do not charge Council Tax for homes which are lived in only by:
Unless you tell us differently, your Council Tax bill will assume that there are two or more adults aged 18 or over living in your home.
If you are the only adult in your home (aged 18 or over), we will reduce your bill by 25%.
When considering the number of adults living in a property, we do not include:
- Full time students and Non-British students and their dependents or persons prevented from taking employment or claiming Council Tax Support. – please insert link to student discount or exemption e-form
- Student nurses, apprentices and youth training trainees, 18 and 19 year olds who are at school or have just left school
- People who are severely mentally impaired
- People staying in hospitals, care homes, or certain hostels or night shelters
- People detained in a prison or other place of detention
- Care workers working for low pay (usually for charities)
- People caring for someone with a disability (who is not their partner or child under 18)
- Members of visiting forces and some international institutions, and their dependents
- Members of religious communities
No longer qualifying for a Council tax exemption or discount?
You must tell us within 21 days if you believe that you are no longer entitled to the exemption or discount. Please contact us to tell us about your change in circumstances, remembering to include your account number in the email.
If we find out later that you were not entitled to a reduction or to the full amount of reduction that you were awarded, we are required by law to add this amount to your account and we will send you a revised council tax bill.
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You are welcomed to Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology (JAAT). JAAT is a scholarly based journal published twice in a year by the School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. JAAT has been in effective publication since September 2002.
The Scope of the Journal includes research, innovations, technical reports and practices in all areas of Agriculture, Science and Applied sciences, Engineering, Entrepreneurship, Biotechnology, Environmental Technology, Mathematics, Education, Information and Technology.
JAAT is orchestrated with the mandate of educating Scientists, Technologists, Agriculturists, Mathematicians, Educationists,Engineers, Entrepreneurs, Biotechnologists and Environmental Scientists in their various fields of endeavour for the purpose of human advancement and societal development.
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How to Find the Cause of A Headache
WHAT'S BEHIND THAT HEADACHE?
You’re the ultimate authority on what’s causing your head to pound.
by John R. Lee, M.D. and Virginia Hopkins
To say that headaches are common is an understatement. Almost everyone has a headache at some time or another. If they are infrequent and not severe, the tendency is to take a mild analgesic such as aspirin or ibuprofen and forget about it.
The causes of headache are legion. In fact, trying to figure out what’s causing chronic headaches in a patient can give a headache to a physician! As with all health problems, proper treatment should be based on finding and correcting the underlying conditions that are causing it. There’s simply no excuse for a doctor handing out powerful pain medications over the long term for headaches with an unknown cause. And there’s no such thing as a headache without a cause.
Muscular or Vascular?
Headaches are usually divided into two groups: muscular and vascular. Garden-variety headache is usually caused by increased muscle tone or tension, particularly of the scalp, eye, neck, or jaw muscles. In turn, the muscle tension may be caused by physical or emotional stress, eyestrain, head and neck postural strain, neck injuries, mis-aligned jaw or teeth, too-tight headbands, sleep deprivation, hypertension, cervical (neck) arthritis, or any combination of these factors. Computer use-related stresses and strains are an increasingly common cause of headaches.
Muscle tension can also be caused by accumulated toxins, or metabolic factors from sensitivities to food or scented products such as candles and laundry detergents, digestive problems, viral infections, sinusitis, allergies, red wine, and a wide variety of pharmaceutical drugs. Chronic muscle tension results in accumulation of lactic acid and other metabolic byproducts that stimulate local pain receptors.
The Stress Connection
Stress of any sort promotes the tightening of muscles. A 55-year-old man was referred to me for a condition thought due to environmental causes. He rode the bus daily to work, and when returning home each day by bus he experienced headache and some nausea. His doctor thought he was sensitive to the diesel exhaust of the bus.
When I questioned him, he reported that he never got a headache when riding the bus to work, only when he was headed home. I gently asked him if he had considered whether there might be some situation at home that bothered him. After a pause, he said, "You haven’t met my wife, have you?" I replied that I had not but perhaps some family counseling might be in order. Later that evening his wife called and gave me a long dressing-down for suggesting such a thing. After her harangue, my impulse was to reply, "I rest my case." Fortunately they did receive family counseling and my patient’s headaches went away. Mind/body relationships are sometimes quite subtle to figure out, but can be powerful in their effects.
People under stress tend to grind their teeth during sleep (bruxism). In so doing, the powerful jaw muscles (temporal and masseter) place great pressure on the relatively small temporal/mandibular joints (TMJs) just in front of the ear. If one’s jaw or teeth are misaligned, the TMJ on one side receives more pressure than the one on the other side. The physical damage to the joint leads to pain that may be misinterpreted as a headache. The clue is that chewing will elicit the pain and the affected TMJ will be tender. This is known as TMJ syndrome. Treatment should involve stress relief and may also require some sort of correction of the jaw or dental realignment.
Headaches can also result when the blood vessels of the head and neck clamp down too hard (constriction) or open up too wide (dilation). These are called vascular (blood vessel) headaches and they are very common. Factors that may cause vascular headaches include solvents (such as acetone from nail polish remover), dehydration, altitude sickness, hormone imbalance and literally dozens of common prescription drugs. Estrogen dominance causes vasodilation, and this can usually be corrected by restoring hormone balance with physiological doses of transdermal progesterone.
Caffeine has an interesting role in headaches: it can cause them or cure them. Too much caffeine leads to vascular constriction, and the muscles in the walls of blood vessels react the same way skeletal muscles do: when tensed they accumulate lactic acid and become painful. On the other hand, headaches can occur when cranial blood vessels dilate. The tiny nerves that accompany the blood vessels become stretched by the dilation and this causes pain. Some people use caffeine’s vaso-constricting property to counteract this blood vessel dilation and cure the headache.
When I first started my family practice, a 40-year old woman came to my office complaining of chronic headaches. She had seen numerous other physicians without finding any cause or relief of her headaches. I did not feel very confident that I had much to offer her. In taking her history, however, I asked if she drank coffee. When she said yes, I asked her how much coffee. It turned out she had a 10-cup coffee maker and she went through four of these each day. I asked if she was strong enough to stop coffee drinking for two weeks. I told her she would likely have caffeine withdrawal symptoms, but I also pointed out that she might save a lot of money by avoiding expensive tests if quitting the coffee worked. Two weeks later, after a bad ten days of withdrawal symptoms, her headaches were gone. Finding the cause of the headache is the most important step in treating it.
Pick Your Treatment
Since there are so many causes of headaches, it is not surprising that no panacea exists. Each person’s headaches must be addressed individually. For the occasional headache, aspirin or acetaminophen may suffice. Other healing modalities that I have seen work include massage, stress management, change of diet, herbs, meditation, hypnotherapy, NSAIDs (non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs), tranquilizers, antidepressants, exercise and physical therapy, magnesium salts, change of occupation, beta-blockers such as propranolol, acupuncture or acupressure, removing mercury fillings, magnet therapy, avoiding plastics, solvents and scented products, avoiding caffeine, psychiatric counseling, and opiates, if necessary to stop a pain cycle. In my experience, one of the most common causes of headaches in women is estrogen dominance, and achieving hormone balance is an effective cure.
Almost any pain medication used to stop headache pain will cause a rebound reaction if used for too long. In other words, if you take ibuprofen (for example) daily for more than a few days, when you stop it there's a good chance that you're headaches will come back with a vengenance. This is one of the reasons that it's so important to find the underlying cause of a headache.
Since there are so many possible treatments for headaches, once you figure out the cause, how you treat it will depend on your individual preferences.
Migraine is thought to be due to unremitting over-dilation of blood vessels in the head. Three factors seem to be necessary for this to happen: genetic predisposition, stress, and some sort of stimulus, usually a food sensitivity or allergy. Neither stress nor the specific stimulus is sufficient by itself to cause migraine; they must occur together, and then only in a person with a genetic predisposition for it. The result can be observed on sensitive brain scans.
Migraine tends to occur in early adulthood. Each attack may be preceded by a brief aura in which flashing lights appear off to the side, or vertical zigzag striping is seen in the visual field. The headache is pounding and severe, almost always one-sided. It may last for days.
Migraine is more common in women than in men, suggesting a hormonal connection. Estrogen dominance is known to cause vascular dilation, while progesterone restores normal vascular tone. In my practice, I routinely recommended transdermal progesterone products for women with migraine problems. At the first sign of the aura, immediate application of transdermal progesterone to the temples and back of the neck would often abort the coming migraine attack. The doses can be repeated every hour or two for three applications. This treatment is especially effective in women with cyclical migraines that occur at or just before menstruation. I have known other people who find migraine relief from acupuncture or acupressure.
It is possible to eliminate migraine headaches if stress can be relieved by meditation or other relaxation techniques, or if the offending stimulus can be found and eliminated. These stimuli are often food proteins such as shellfish, turkey meat, or even food coloring agents. Food sensitivity testing rarely reveals the offending agent (since it is active only during times of stress). More often it is found by playing Sherlock Holmes, and reviewing what was eaten before the migraine attack.
Temporal arteritis, also called giant cell arteritis, is an inflammatory process affecting the muscle layer of the arteries between the skull and the scalp. While uncommon, it primarily affects middle-aged or older women. The underlying cause may be an autoimmune process and/or genetic factors.
When the temporal artery (a branch of the external carotid artery which runs up the side of the neck) is involved, the patient experiences severe temporal headaches (on the side of the head). Gentle palpation of the temporal artery, just in front the ear, will cause severe pain. If the internal carotid artery is also affected, it may involve the ophthalmic (eye) artery. In my experience, temporal arteritis is often misdiagnosed as simple stress headaches. Since a misdiagnosis and failure to treat this condition properly can result in permanent blindness, it’s important to check the temporal artery for tenderness.
Headache with Projectile Vomiting
A rather sudden onset of severe headache with uncontrollable vomiting may be a sign of acute cerebral hemorrhage (bleeding in the brain) and/or acute brain swelling. This is not a time to wait and see. This is a time to dial 911 or get quickly to a good hospital emergency room.
How to Help Yourself
Because headaches can be caused by so many factors and combinations of factors, even with your doctor’s help it may ultimately be up to you to play detective and figure out what is triggering your headaches. There are many ways to do this. Keeping a daily journal of what you’ve done and what you’ve eaten can be helpful in finding common threads that lead to a cause or causes.
As soon as you feel a headache start to come on, write down everything that you have done in the past 12 hours. After a few episodes you should be able to find some common threads. It can literally be something as simply as getting a whiff of a perfume that you’re sensitive to, or eating a breath mint that contains aspartame.
You can also read the book Healing Back Pain by John Sarno, M.D. His excellent suggestions for healing back pain also can apply to headache pain.
This article was originally published in the John R. Lee, M.D. Medical Letter. Although the Medical Letter is no longer published, you can find many articles from it on this website. Here's where to find a List of Articles by Subject .
Note to Reader from Virginia Hopkins
Dr. John Lee was my great friend, mentor, co-author and business partner. This website is dedicated to continuing the work that Dr. Lee and I did together to educate and inform women and men about natural hormones, hormone balance and achieving optimal health. Dr. John Lee was a courageous pioneer who changed the face of medicine by introducing the concepts of natural progesterone, estrogen dominance and hormone balance to a large audience of women and men seeking answers to their hormone questions. Dr. Lee has left us a wonderful collection of writings from his newsletters that are, in large part, freely shared on this website. Enjoy!
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Orders of Angels
In Christian tradition, angels ar spiritual beings created by God to help and worship him. There are nine types of angels recognized in Christianity.
- Seraphim The highest order of angels, the seraphim, are responsible for guarding and keeping God's throne. The word seraphim, when literally translated, means 'burning ones'.
- Cherubim They are the guardians of the path to the Tree of Life in the Garden of Eden. The cherubim have four faces (man, ox, lion, eagle), and four wings.
- Thrones The Elders, the Thrones are celestial beings and the living symbols of God's justice and authority.
- Dominions They are celestial beings which are responsible for regulating the duties of the lower classes of angels.
- Virtues They are the angels through which miracles and signs are manifested in the world.
- Powers The primary function of the Powers or 'Authorities' is the ensure the proper movement of the heavenly bodies ensuring the order of the cosmos. They are warrior angels, and in addition to the aforementioned duties they also fight evil, particularly that which might effect matters of the Universe.
- Principalities These are the group of angels which are responsible for guiding nations, tribes of people, and institutions (e.g. churches). The principalities are generally shown wearing a crown and carrying a scepter.
- Archangels There is only one archangel mentioned in the Bible, Michael. But there are three recognized archangels including Gabriel, and Raphael. Michael is the primary being that fights against Satan, and his emissaries, defending God's worshippers.
- Angels Plain angels are the lowest order of celestial beings, and the ones most closely connected with humanity. Angels are the ones who act as guardian angels.
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Walter Goldschmidt, Emeritus Professor of Anthropology from the University of California Los Angeles got in touch with us here at Neuroanthropology.net to give us a bit of a (friendly) hard time about unfortunate neologisms (touché) and to ask if we were familiar with his work. With my repeated posts on evolutionary psychology, he thought it might be of interest, especially his discussion of affect hunger.
What Prof. Goldschmidt did not realize is that I have an autographed copy of his book, Bridge to Humanity: How Affect Hunger Trumps the Selfish Gene (Oxford U Press listing, Amazon), and I’ve long thought it was both an excellent counter-argument to the ‘selfish gene’ hypothesis as well as a much more persuasive account of the possible evolutionary origins of altruism than the typical explanation: kin selection.
So, as a bit of a ‘thank you’ to Prof. Goldschmidt for providing such a compelling work, I’m going to post a bit of a book discussion here, focusing especially on Prof. Goldschmidt’s account of ‘affect hunger,’ which I find a much more neuroanthropologically plausible account of altruism than the usual account provided by evolutionary psychology discussions of ‘kin selection.’
Bridge Toward Humanity
From the book’s promotional material, we have this description:
In Bridge to Humanity, renowned scholar Walter Goldschmidt directs his attention to the way in which learning (that is, culture) has trounced genetic determinism as the force driving human behavior. In doing so, he reexamines what goes into being human, so the resulting book is an essay both on human origins and on human nature. Crucial to his thesis is the distinction between sexual love and nurturant love, which have separate evolutionary origins and make opposite psychological demands. Demonstrating that the desire for the affection of others is biologically based, Goldscmidt introduces the concept of affect hunger, the biological tool for nurturant love. Goldschmidt explains how affect hunger drives infants to obey directives from their parents in order to learn their language and rules. He further analyzes how affect hunger not only provides a reward system for learning language and other cultural institutions, but also remains a motive for social behavior throughout life.
Overall, the book is a passionately written, articulate discussion of human evolution and its implications for theory about human being. It’s a relatively slim, streamlined read, with less elaboration of supporting data, but far to many ideas for the space Goldschmidt has to explain between the two covers. He throws out numerous tangential thoughts that probably warrant their own more complete discussions; for these, you’ll have to look elsewhere.
For example, Goldschmidt provides a brief account of recent theoretical changes in anthropology, especially internal debates in the field, that have made it harder to talk about the biological consequences of human evolution. It’s so fast moving that even the least patient non-anthropological reader is likely to be able to sit through it, and the reader will be left with a much better sense of how current debates are shaped by old arguments.
Goldschmidt finds long-standing recognition among scientists that humans, like all mammals, have emotional as well as physical needs. He points out (2006:13), for example, that Abraham Maslow designated ‘love and affection and belongingness needs’ less important only than survival and physiological needs. With the importance of mutuality to human survival and well-being, Goldschmidt argues that the evolutionary pressures on humans are not just competitive: human infants need to convince their mothers to care about them. No wonder they’re so damn cute…
In one of the strongest chapters in The Bridge to Humanity, Goldschmidt lays out the diverse evidence that infants, especially, ‘hunger for’ affection, bodily contact, and emotion. For example, Prof. Jim McKenna’s research on co-sleeping suggests that bodily contact and the proximity of the mother affects sleep patterns in infants, perhaps even protecting them by helping them to regulate their own bodies (see Cosleeping and Biological Imperatives: Why Human Babies Do Not and Should Not Sleep Alone). Goldschmidt points to the neurological effects of mothers’ grooming on infant rats and Harlow’s classic studies of rhesus monkeys’ need for tactile stimulation. The monkeys deprived of contact in Harlow’s experiments ‘were dramatic evidence of the effect of affect starvation’ (ibid.:48).
Because they need this contact, human infants have ‘sociophilic traits,’ according to Goldschmidt, behavioural traits that seem to have no other purpose but to encourage, facilitate and reward social interaction, almost as an end in itself. Smiling, nuzzling, laughter, imitation, our facial structure — many of our distinctive traits can be traced to these neonatal ploys to get and keep a mother’s attention.
One thing that makes Goldschmidt’s account unusual is that he focuses, not on the pair bond of human mating as a motivation for affective change, but on the mother-child bond of nurturing. He writes: ‘Nuturant love is a more recent animal attribute [than competition], coming with the live births that are the hallmark of the mammal class of animals’ (ibid.:35). Although I have problems with the computer metaphor (as long-time readers know), he argues that this need for nurturing is crucial to shaping human psychology:
Both child and mother are programmed to seek and give expressions of affection; this is the the biological ontogeny of affect hunger. Evolutionarily, it began as a device to assure the care and feeding of the neonate among social mammals and is built upon to motivate the neonate to learn from adults and thus to conform to the expectations of the troop, pride, or band and, finally, for human infants to undergo the lengthy curriculum necessary to become a human adult. This hunger for affection is essentially insatiable; it continues as a wish for acceptance, approval, and influence in the ever-expanding community in which every child is to live. (ibid.:37)
Goldschmidt points out that many of the physical manifestations of romantic or erotic love (and addiction) are actually quite similar to those involved in nurturing (ibid.: 54-57). This parallel processing might be interpreted as an exaptation: the neural-affective processes that were selected over evolutionary time because they raised the likelihood of an infant’s survival might subsequently become entangled in other social interactions and behaviour. Selected for ‘affect hunger’ by our helplessness as infants, we went on to seek to fill this hunger in a wide range of ways, not all of them terribly adaptive.
This focus on mother-child bonds as the root of human sociality, away from social relations among adults, is, in my opinion, one of the more interesting, plausible, and far-reaching suggestions that the book offers. So often, arguments for the evolutionary value of social traits (like altruism) are premised upon mating scenarios, which seem much less plausible because pair bonding between mothers and fathers is much less pressing than the mother-child bond. Any argument that pair bonding in humans is ‘universal,’ for example, must contend with the painfully obvious evidence that humans are not always so good at pair bonding and fathers do not inevitably stick around to help raise children. If pair-bonding is the evolutionary reason for humans’ pro-social traits, than its surprising that we’re so lousy at pair bonding, even though we’re quite adept at social life.
The book goes on to discuss the implications of this theory for a range of subjects including cultural variation in child rearing, learning processes, ritual, cultural evolution, ‘the soul,’ differences between foragers and farmers. I have some issues with the latter parts of the book that I might get a chance to comment upon (especially some of the thinking about cultural evolution and adaptation, and that stuff on the soul), but I want to focus on this discussion of affect hunger and its impact on an evolutionary account of the rise of altruism and other social traits.
Affect Hunger or Kin Selection?
Most often, evolutionary psychologists explain the presence of social behaviour like altruism in humans and other animals by reference to kin selection. For those of you who aren’t necessarily familiar with this literature, kin selection is the idea that natural selective pressures can favour a gene if it provides a trait that makes one’s relatives more likely to survive because that relative likely carries many of the same genes. As David C. Queller and Joan E. Strassmann write: ‘Selection normally favors a gene if it increases reproduction, because the offspring share copies of that gene, but a gene can also be favored if it aids other relatives, who also share copies. It is this selection via relatives that is referred to as kin selection’ (2002: R832).
At its foundation, these approaches to altruism really assume that there is a ‘selfish’ selective calculus to seemingly selfless acts, a genetic advantage to being altruistic, if only because it makes our genes likely to live on in those we save even if their copies in our own body go down the gurgler in the brave act of saving somebody else’s copies of those genes. I have no problem with arguing people are selfish, only with arguing that altruism is a good way to be selfish.
Ultimately, I tend to find arguments for kin selection unconvincing for a whole host of reasons, among them:
1) There’s seldom any consideration of the neural mechanisms that might be responsible, only the assumption that the ‘gene’ will cause altruistic behaviour if it is favourable to the gene’s transmission.
2) An inability to explain why, if natural selection cares about our close relatives so much, our ‘altruism gene’ couldn’t be much more selective about who we feel altruistic about, say, a ‘mafia family altruism’ where people don’t feel any altruism toward those to whom we’re not related. (I know some theories of kin selection try to account for our indiscriminate altruism by assuming that our ancestors were generally in the presence of only related individuals, but this certainly wouldn’t explain the way human altruism even extends to other species.)
3) The kin selection perspective tends to take an adaptationist view of natural selection, assuming that organic variation can easily produce candidate ‘adaptations’ to suit any environment and that all traits of an organism are necessarily adaptive (when, in fact, it’s a whole organism that is selected, not each individual trait, and traits are often connected genetically so that selection might be acting on another trait produced by the same gene).
4) The problem of how closely related we need to be to kin for our altruism to really be a selective advantage if we are in competition with each other is daunting. Haldane (1955) famously suggested that, following strictly on the mathematics of ‘comparative advantage’ and selfish promotion of our own genes in someone else’s body, we should be more careful about our altruism, laying down our own life only if we could save two brothers or eight cousins because of the shrinking likelihood that our relatives carry our genes the more distant the relation. That’s a hell of a lot of people to be saving at once, so a rational, ‘selfish’ gene would likely exhibit altruism only rarely, when the risk was offset by danger to a large number of relatives.
In many ways, Goldschmidt’s account of affect hunger in the infant, and the many sociophilic traits that infants have in order to attract the attention and affection of helpful adults, makes a lot more neuroanthropological sense. Rather than a calculation of advantage, we have a developmental trait that’s well documented in infants and a plausible account of how it would carry through in adult traits.
The kin selection account explains a widespread trait of humans by reference to an event that might not have been too common; the sacrifice of one life for a number of related individuals. In contrast, affect hunger is a universal trait structured to seek satisfaction for a universal survival need among helpless infants for a bit of assistance, nurturing, and parental care.
Although some neo-Darwinists might only want to see the role of natural selection in evolution, Walter Goldschmidt’s account of affect hunger is consistent with a broader evolutionary model that considers, not only the driving pressures of selection, but also the material and developmental needs of each individual organism. That is, survival may demand not just a willingness to compete, but also a lot of tricks to wheedle the resources we need out of those around us, even when we’re just a cute, toothless, slobbering little monkey. That’s why, even before we can do most anything except eat and poop, we’re already really good at manipulating each other.
Goldschmidt, Walter. 2006. The Bridge to Humanity: How Affect Hunger Trumps the Selfish Gene. Oxford U Press; New York.
Haldane, J. B. S. 1955. ‘Population Genetics.’ New Biology 18: 34–51.
Queller, David C., and Joan E. Strassman. 2002. ‘Quick Guide: Kin Selection.’ Current Biology 12:R832. (download pdf)
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Sometimes, the plastic fan blade of a fan can be prone to breaking, rendering the fan useless, even though the motor is still able to run well. A non-functioning fan can be very inconvenient, especially when all you want to do is cool off on a hot summer day. So what now? Thankfully, it's quite easy to make your own fan blades out of cardboard.
In this tutorial I will show you how to craft my simple and efficient 2-blade design, but feel free to experiment with other designs of your own choosing (e.g. number of blades, shape, etc).
This is my 1st Instructable tutorial, so feel free to leave some feedback if you wish.
Step 1: Gather the materials and tools
These are the materials and tools you need to craft a cardboard fan blade.
Required materials and tools:
Step 2: Design the blades
In my case, I experimented with different fan designs to see which one would produce the most wind.
Depicted are 4 prototype fan blades.
From my experience it seems that the fewer the number of blades, the stronger the wind produced.
Step 3: Cut out a blank square piece of cardboard to work on
If you've got a pizza box, dissect it. Cut out the top bit (which is usually not oily). Else, just cut a square piece of cardboard out of a box, roughly the size of your fan.
Step 4: Draw the design
The following instructions are for if you want to make my 2-bladed fan design. I have provided a schematic of my 2-blade design to make it easier to understand.
Next, draw another arc with its centre at the other intersection, starting at the far side of the centre circle.
Step 5: Cut out the design
Now that the drawing is done, it's time to cut it out!
Step 6: Cut out the circular blade 'hub' parts
Draw 2 circles on the bits of the leftover cardboard from the previous step, then cut them out.
Step 7: Puncture holes and cut slots
Now we need to find a way to puncture the holes in the blade, so that it can slip on the motor shaft easily.
Here's the method I used:
To ensure the blade engages with the pin on the motor shaft, cut 2 slots opposite each other in the larger circular piece, as well as the main fan blade.
Step 8: Glue them together
Using the glue stick, glue the 2 circular pieces to the main fan blade, ensuring that the slots on the blade and the larger circle match up.
Step 9: Bend the blades!
And the fan blade is done!
Step 10: Find a way to fix the blade in place
Since the final cardboard blade is much thinner than the plastic blade it replaced, the screw-on cap can't be used as-is without the blade disengaging with the motor shaft and slipping.
This is a simple cardboard retaining device that allows the screw-on cap to bridge the gap between cap and blade. What the device basically does is to help to hold the blade in place, acting as an extension of the plastic cap. I strongly recommend you create one of these.
The components of the device: 2 holders and 2 'sticks'.
The holes in the 2 holders can be made using the same techniques as shown in Step 7 earlier, while the 'sticks' are just simply rectangular pieces of cardboard of equal length, folded in half.
Step 11: You're done!
Sit back and relax as your rejuvenated fan circulates air around your room.
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CARACAS, VENEZUELA – José Nieves is a 38-year-old father of two. He is a native of Barlovento, a coastal zone in the center of Venezuela, but for the last three years he has been working almost 500 miles away in Tumeremo, a mining town in close to the border with Brazil.
“I just see my family every three months, but in one week of work in the mines I earn 25 times the salary that I used to have as a construction worker in Barlovento,” Nieves told Fox News Latino.
Every year more people from around Venezuela move to the Sifontes municipality in the state of Bolívar, where most of the mines are, to make money. They do that despite the lawlessness –gangs control much of the area – and mosquito-borne diseases common there.
“In all the towns around Sifontes, the population right now is around 400,000. Of that, 160,000 are people from Miranda, Zulia, Anzoátegui, Mérida and every other Venezuelan state. We also have some people from Brazil and Guyana,” Erick Leiva, head of the Sifontes Chamber of Commerce, told FNL.
Thelmo Fajardo, a representative of the Union of Southern Miners, explained that newcomers begin to work as assistants to the miners while they get experience on the job. “They receive from 5 to 10 gramas of gold in a week,” Fajardo said.
Gramas are the unit in which miners measure gold in Venezuela. They are a small piece of the mineral that weighs around 100 grams. Right now a grama is sold for more than 27,000 bolívars – around $51 at the countries exchange rate for non-essential goods.
For the rest of this article, click here: http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/news/2016/06/06/despite-crime-venezuelans-flock-to-mines-due-to-high-price-gold-economic-crisis/
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First At-Home Laser for Wrinkles
Palomar Medical Technologies has received approval to market the first at-home laser treatment to cure wrinkles around the eyes. The laser would repair age-demanded skin around the eyes by penetrating through the first layer of skin, called the epidermis. Although the price and image of the product has not been released, the stock in the company has risen dramatically since the announcement. This laser is still in the early stages of development, but more information should be released shortly. Because information is unknown, it is hard to estimate how many treatments would be needed if you were to perform your own laser treatment. The lasers used would have to be less intense for consumer use. As technology advances at such a rapid pace, devices such as laser wrinkle removal have quickly jumped from the doctor's offices to your bathroom counter.
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A deaf journalist in Nigeria, Julius Shemang, advocates for better disability rights laws, media coverage of disability, and deaf awareness.
Provides guidance in writing the sustainability section of your grant proposal, explaining how your project survives after the grant ends.
In Germany, people who are deaf or blind use phone apps for movie accessibility. This helps them watch the same movies as everyone else.
Learn how to plan a sustainable project, build organizational capacity, manage volunteers, raise funds, and partner with other organizations.
Provides detailed, step-by-step guidance on how to develop a sustainability plan for an organization. A team can work on this together.
Provides guidance on writing about disability for media professionals. Includes appropriate terminology and avoiding stereotypes.
What can we learn when we evaluate projects again years later? How can this help us improve other projects we do? And how to do it?
Media either ignores, or stereotypes, people with disabilities and deaf people. This guide for media reporting on disability can help.
Explains how an organization can develop a financial sustainability plan. Helps with brainstorming ideas for raising money, other resources.
How can young adults with disabilities prepare for international careers? Includes quotes from a deaf woman in international development.
Learn to develop a sustainability plan that addresses three types of “sustainability”: financial, institutional/organizational, programmatic.
Learn how to create disability-inclusive, Deaf-inclusive communications that is accessible and respectful and reaches everyone.
These posters explains the history of 45 people with disabilities, including deaf role models, who achieved something important.
In Canada, the government helps raise awareness about people with disabilities, including raising deaf awareness for Canadian media.
A series of public service announcements on U.S. media educate people about workers with disabilities and raising awareness for deaf workers.
Monitoring and evaluation may help your organization be more sustainable. Learn how to monitor and evaluate for sustainability.
How will your organization survive 5, 10, 20 years from now? This guide can help develop your long-term organizational sustainability plan.
How will your project survive after the current grant funds run out? Here are 5 ideas for creating your grant’s sustainability plan.
International development professionals often ask, how do we make a more sustainable development plan? Author Mary Ruckelshaus has an answer.
How will your project survive after the first grant funds end? What is your sustainability plan? Funders will want to know. Here are ideas.
Comics can help organizations raise deaf awareness or advocate in the local community. This guide will help you learn how to create comics.
The CRPD Advocacy Toolkit summarizes the CRPD and explains why it matters. The first section might help trainers explain the CRPD to others.
Deaf Ethiopian youth experience many challenges. But they also have opportunities for advocacy, education, and empowerment.
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In Guns, Germs, and Steel, Diamond claims that there is a relationship between farming and societal development. Where does he get the evidence to support his claim?
Did humans living at the time create documents (like diaries and newspapers) that survive to this day?
1 Answer | Add Yours
There are no diaries or newspapers that survive from the times that Diamond discusses in most of his book. However, there are written documents of sorts. For example (as Diamond discusses in Chapter 12) there are ancient Sumerian clay tablets that survive to this day. We can see from these that some of the earliest writing has to do with things like inventories of agricultural products. This provides some evidence of the link between farming and societal development. The other major source of evidence that Diamond uses is the evidence of societies that survived into modern times. Diamond can (as he does in Chapter 14) look at, for example, Native American societies to show that farming typically went along with the development of more complicated societies.
We’ve answered 319,206 questions. We can answer yours, too.Ask a question
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Mervyn King yesterday laid the blame for the credit crunch squarely at the door of commercial banks, criticising their excessive pay packages and risky lending.
The Bank of England governor also told the Treasury select committee he was unhappy that excessive pay in the City attracted too many young people away from careers elsewhere.
Speaking as data emerged showing that the credit crunch had hit retail sales, consumer confidence and mortgage lending hard, King said he hoped the banks would learn the lessons from the crisis and rein in their pay structures and be more responsible in their lending.
"Banks have come to realise in the recent crisis that they are paying the price for having designed compensation packages which provide incentives that are not, in the long run, in the interests of the banks themselves, and I would like to think that would change," King said.
Last week the director-general of the CBI, Richard Lambert, said the bonus culture in the City and Wall Street had been responsible for much of the excessive risk-taking that led to the collapse of the US mortgage and housing markets.
King said yesterday, however, that the hubris of which the City had been guilty had now disappeared, as banks were having to raise capital from their shareholders and cut jobs to repair their balance sheets. "I don't think there is much hubris around today. I hope we do not return to this hubris ... it is important that people learn the lessons from this crisis."
He criticised banks' excessive risk-taking in the past few years and was unhappy that banks that had not parcelled up and sold on risky US mortgage products had been "pilloried" by their peers.
He complained that high pay in the City was a lure to too many. "I do think it is rather unattractive that so many young people, when contemplating careers, look at the compensation packages available in the City and think that these dominate almost any other type of career.
"It's not a very attractive situation that such a high proportion of our talented young people naturally look at the City and think it is the only place to work in. It shouldn't be. It should be one of the places, but not the only one," he said.
King added that his plan, announced last week, to provide extra funds to banks to lubricate the seized up banking system was designed to get the banking system moving again, not to "kick-start" the mortgage market, despite claims by the chancellor, Alistair Darling, that it was.
"It would be a serious mistake to go back to where the mortgage market was a year ago," said King, who has said the housing market is going through a "necessary adjustment".
The scheme, which involves swapping mortgages for government bonds, was designed to ensure all the risks would remain with the banks, he repeated. If house prices fell significantly, undermining the value of mortgages, Threadneedle Street would ask banks to deposit more mortgages so that the Bank of England would not be taking on any more risk.
He reiterated his concern that rising food and energy prices could push consumer price inflation above 3% this year, more than a percentage point above its government-set target of 2%. But he said inflation should fall back after that, as long as food and oil prices did not continue to rise as steeply as they have been.
He was encouraged that, so far at least, higher inflation - currently at 2.5% - had had little impact on wage deals. It was quite likely the economy would grow more slowly in the next year or two, but that was no bad thing. "We need to see a rebalancing," he said.
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First “Brexit,” then Trump.
In just the last six months, the world has had two “black swan” events. These are rare events that very few people see coming. When these kinds of events happen, the market reaction can be dramatic.
Heading into the year, most people thought Great Britain would stay in the European Union (EU). When it voted to leave on June 23, investors from London to Tokyo were shocked. A panic followed that knocked more than $3 trillion from the global stock market in two days.
Last week, investors were caught off guard again.
Most people thought Hillary would run away with the election. When Trump pulled off the “unthinkable,” no one knew what to do.
At first, U.S. stocks plunged. That was supposed to happen if Trump won. But they quickly changed course. Over the last few days, U.S. stocks have broken out to record highs.
• To be fair, neither of these events was impossible to predict…
Casey Research founder Doug Casey actually predicted that Trump would win months ago. He even made a couple side bets on the outcome.
We don’t bring this up to brag about Doug’s “guru sense.”
We’re telling you this because it shows that you can predict events most people can't ever anticipate. And if you’re right, you can make a lot of money.
• Less than three weeks from now, we think another “black swan” event will take place…
If this event goes the way we expect, millions of people could see their life savings go up in smoke. The world’s biggest economy could start to unravel.
You might find this hard to believe. But as you’re about to see, we aren’t the only ones worried about this.
The good news is that you don’t have to be a victim. Today, we’ll show you how to turn this coming crisis into big returns.
But before we get to that, you need to understand something…
• Brexit and Trump’s surprise victory had more in common than most people think…
You see, working-class people in England and the United States are fed up right now. They feel like the system is “rigged”…that “the establishment” doesn’t care about them.
That’s why both countries voted for radical change. Even President Obama admits this. Bloomberg Politics reported on Tuesday:
President Barack Obama said that fear of globalization and suspicion of government institutions and elites powered both the U.K.’s vote to exit the European Union and Donald Trump’s election as the next U.S. president.
“Did I recognize there was anger and frustration in the American population? Of course I did,” Obama said in answer to a question about whether he saw parallels between Trump’s election and Brexit.
• To their credit, the American people have plenty of reasons to be frustrated…
After all, the economy has grown at an annualized rate of just 2.1% since 2009. This makes the current “recovery” the slowest since World War II.
What’s worse, the real median household income has fallen from $57,795 in 2007 to $55,218 today. In other words, millions of Americans are now worse off than they were before the last financial crisis.
Meanwhile, the S&P 500 has more than tripled in value over the same period.
This disconnect between the stock market and the “real” economy is why so many people think “the system” isn’t working. And it’s why a lot of people voted for Trump.
Trump’s an outsider. He’s never held public office. He says whatever the hell he wants. And he’s promised to shake things up.
• But Americans aren’t the only people hungry for radical change…
Italians are just as fed up with their government.
Nick Giambruno, editor of Crisis Investing, says they have every reason to feel this way. Nick wrote in the August issue:
Italy has had no productive growth since 1999. Real GDP per person is smaller than it was at the turn of the century.
That’s almost two decades of economic stagnation. By any measure, the Italian economy is in a deep depression. And there’s no end in sight. In fact, things will probably get much worse.
• Italians are now in a revolutionary mood…
This mood has given rise to a populist, anti-establishment political group known as the Five Star Movement (M5S).
According to Nick, M5S wants Italy to hit the reset button. He wrote last month:
M5S blames Italy’s chronic lack of growth on the euro currency. A large plurality of Italians agrees.
M5S has promised to hold a vote to leave the euro and reinstate Italy’s old currency, the lira, as soon as it’s in power. And that could be very soon.
Of course, M5S will have to assume power before Italy can drop the euro. But that could happen as soon as next month.
• Italy will hold a constitutional referendum vote on December 4…
Nick explained what this upcoming vote could mean for Italy’s future:
In effect, a “Yes” vote is a vote of approval for Renzi’s government.
A “No” vote is a chance for the average Italian to give the finger to EU bureaucrats in Brussels.
Given the intense anger Italians feel right now, it’s very likely they’ll do just that.
According to the latest polls, most Italians plan to vote “No.” If this happens, Renzi, Italy’s current prime minister, has promised to step down. That would make it much easier for M5S to rise to power.
• Even if Renzi breaks his promise, Italy could still have serious problems…
The Wall Street Journal reported yesterday:
A defeat for Mr. Renzi would lead to a period of political instability. Mr. Renzi could follow through on a pledge to resign or be forced into a new coalition until elections are held in 2018. Either way, markets would interpret his defeat as proof that Rome is incapable of reform, raising doubts about Italy’s ability ever to deliver the kind of growth needed to put its debt burden of 135% of gross domestic product on a sustainable footing.
The Journal went on:
That in turn would make investors even more reluctant to put capital into the Italian banking system, forcing banks to impose losses on bondholders, many of whom are ordinary savers. That would create a spectacular political backlash that could bring the deeply euroskeptic, antiestablishment 5 Star Movement to power in 2018, putting Italy’s euro membership in doubt.
• You might not think this is anything to worry about if you live outside of Europe…
But the Italian referendum (or “Quitaly,” as some are calling it) could do far more damage than Brexit.
You see, unlike the U.K., Italy actually uses the euro. If it leaves the EU, Europeans could lose “faith” in the euro…and that’s all a paper currency like the euro has.
Also, you have to remember that Brexit caused stocks around the world to crash. If Italy leaves the euro, the same thing could happen…but the downturn could be much more violent. Nick wrote in August:
The bottom line is this: the entire EU project may very well die in Italy later this year. That would undoubtedly trigger a stock market crash of historical proportions. And that’s why I think it’s very important to keep a close eye on the Achilles’ heel of the EU… Italy.
The Financial Times recently issued a similar warning:
An Italian exit from the single currency would trigger the total collapse of the eurozone within a very short period.
It would probably lead to the most violent economic shock in history, dwarfing the Lehman Brothers bankruptcy in 2008 and the 1929 Wall Street crash.
Even if the Financial Times is only half right, we could be looking at a stock market crash of historic proportions.
• But Nick didn’t just warn his readers about this looming crisis… He told them how to profit from it…
In August, Nick recommended that his readers short the euro. Shorting is when you bet that a stock, bond, or currency will fall. If it does, you make money.
A lot of people think shorting is something only the “pros” do. But Nick found a way to short the euro that’s as easy as buying a share of McDonald’s (MCD).
In just three months, Nick’s readers are up 12% on this trade. But they could see much bigger gains if Nick’s right about the upcoming Italian referendum vote.
And remember, this vote will take place less than three weeks from now.
You can get in on this trade today by signing up for Crisis Investing. But before you do, we urge you to watch this eye-opening presentation we recently put together. In it, Doug Casey explains why the EU is doomed. Click here to hear Doug’s chilling warning.
• In case you missed it: Another must-listen interview with Doug Casey
Doug recently appeared on an episode of “The Big Trade Series.” In this interview, Doug talks about his recent trip to Zimbabwe and shares his blueprint for developing countries. He also discusses technological innovation…globalization…and the “Deep State.” Click here to listen.
Chart of the Day
Italy’s bond market is screaming “danger.”
Today’s chart shows the yield for the Italian 10-year government bond since July 2015. Remember, a bond's yield rises as its price falls.
As you can see, the yield for the Italian 10-year government bond hit an all-time low of 1.04% in early August. Since then, it’s surged to 2.12%. Put another way, it's more than doubled in only three months.
This is a serious red flag. It tells us investors are very nervous about Italy. And they have every reason to be. If Italy’s upcoming referendum goes the way we expect, Italy’s bond market could implode. And that could mark the beginning of the end for the euro.
Nick’s so convinced this will happen that he sent an alert to his readers on Tuesday telling them to short Italian bonds. In other words, he doubled down on his bet against Italy.
You can get in on both of Nick’s euro and Italian bond shorts by signing up for Crisis Investing. But you must act quickly to take advantage. As we said earlier, the crisis in Italy could kick into overdrive just three weeks from now. To see why, watch this eye-opening presentation with Doug Casey.
Delray Beach, Florida
November 17, 2016
We want to hear from you.
If you have a question or comment, please send it to [email protected]. We read every email that comes in, and we'll publish comments, questions, and answers that we think other readers will find useful.
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The Linux 3.12 kernel when released in the coming weeks will bring a number of new features and improvements to AMD Radeon graphics cards, including faster performance. For many Linux games tested the Radeon Gallium3D OpenGL frame-rates were making double-digit gains through upgrading the Linux kernel.
There's several AMD Radeon DRM changes in Linux 3.12. Among the highlights for this next Linux kernel release includes Radeon HD 8000 "Sea Islands" Dynamic Power Management (DPM) and Active State Power Management (ASPM) support, support for AMD "Berlin" APUs that are based upon the Radeon GCN architecture, a major ring handling clean-up, removal of old 3D blit code to now handle buffer object moves with the CP DMA / sDMA engines, and lots of bug-fixes.
Likely due to the change how buffer object moves are happening, the OpenGL performance for Radeon GPUs is faster with the Linux 3.12 kernel. With benchmarking done today from an AMD Radeon HD 4870 "RV770" graphics card with Mesa 9.3 Git and running Ubuntu 13.10, on the following pages is a large Linux kernel comparison looking at the Radeon DRM performance. Benchmarked were the mainline Linux 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, and 3.12 Git kernels on Ubuntu 13.10 from our Intel Core i7 4960X EE system.
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3 Answers | Add Yours
When we talk about "take home messages" as they pertain to literature, what we are talking about is themes of the novel. This novel has several.
One is the value of literature. Leisel learns quickly the power of knowing how to read and write - and learns late at night with her foster father, Hans. It is as she gains these skills that Leisel develops more courage and strength as an individual.
Another theme is the power of humanity to come together in a time of crisis. The book is set before and during WW2. Leisel's own parents give her younger brother and her away to a foster family in order to save their lives. The foster parents take Leisel (her brother dies) in and even show her love and worth - despite the fact that she is not related to them. Later, they house a Jew in hiding because he is a man who saved her foster father's life in WW1. Despite the constant threat of death, this family is one that courageously chooses humanity and life through the risk of their own death.
Another prevalent theme is the overall idea of the inevitability of death. The book is told by Death as the narrator. Many of the characters die throughout the book - but through this point of view - loss of life is not necessarily mourned nor is death glorified. It is simply presented as a reality of life. Because of this perspective, though this is largely a "war book" it is not really seen as a tragedy.
Zusak posits several messages in The Book Thief, most prominently the message that humans have the capacity to be resilient and compassionate. Throughout the novel, the characters are faced with incredible obstacles that they manage to overcome because they have developed compassionate relationships with others. Hans Hubermann is a pinnacle of compassion and morality in the novel as he risks his and his family's lives to maintain his moral beliefs. He believes that Max has the right to his life, and therefore, agrees to hide him in the basement. Likewise, he offers food to one of the marching prisoners to appease the man's suffering even though Hans knows that he will be punished. Liesel respects and loves Hans for these actions. She also remains resilient through the novel, and skirts and alters her own sense of morality to suit the times. She is such a strong person that even Death must stop to take note of the little girl's story.
We’ve answered 319,180 questions. We can answer yours, too.Ask a question
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This article was originally published in USA Today.
The counterterrorism insight from Brenton Tarrant’s horrific actions in New Zealand is not that he is an aberration in right-wing extremism; it’s that he is not. Yes, he used a camera to livestream the atrocity over social media, and it went viral before it was removed. But that was his only innovation. Tarrant is a typical white supremacist regurgitating the ideology’s usual hateful rhetoric and worldview. His so-called manifesto checks every box on the standard list of violent extremist characteristics.
He expressed the superiority of his racial cohort; he characterized all nonwhite people as “other” and “invaders”; he showed moral absolutism, where his side is always righteous and the other is always evil; he made sweeping statements about race and history to paint an apocalyptic picture for his group; and he littered his writing with white supremacist vernacular (code speak).
There’s nothing new about any of that. In fact, it is common to all violent extremists following any ideology, from white supremacy to Muslim identity. He simply acted on the ideas that extremists around the world discuss and embrace daily, particularly in the United States. He killed at least 50 people at two mosques and we need to call this what it is: terrorism.
For decades, racially motivated extremists have terrorized the communities they hate. The mass murder in 2015 at Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Charleston, South Carolina, stands out as an example, as does the ISIS-style car-ramming attack in Charlottesville, Virginia, in 2017. There was the attack in October at the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh, and the case of the self-described white nationalist and Coast Guard lieutenant arrested in February for planning a terror attack.
Yet, while these examples reached the national news cycle, there are dozens of attacks (not all of them fatal) by white supremacists that are not widely known, such as the racially motivated attack on an African-American DJ in Lynwood, Washington; the bombing of a mosque in Bloomington, Minnesota by two members of a white nationalist militia; or the regular violence perpetrated by the white supremacist Rise Above Movement.
Extremist violence like this is sometimes difficult to track because domestic terrorism law is simply not prosecuting the reality. There is seldom a mention of “terror” in the prosecutorial charge sheets. Federal prosecutors have the authority to use the term and should, when an act of far-right violence meets the statutory definition. Failing to do so obscures the true scope of the threat.
Violent White Supremacy Extremism is Terrorism
We could certainly learn a lesson from New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern, who unflinchingly labeled the incident a terror attack in her first news conference. The Southern Poverty Law Center found that in 2018, there was a nearly 50 percent increase in the number of white nationalist groups in the United States. Last year, right-wing terrorists killed at least 40 people in the United States and Canada, a massive increase from the 17 who were killed by white supremacists in 2017.
Overall, between 2008 and 2017, right-wing and white supremacist terrorists accounted for 71 percent of fatalities from extremist violence in the United States, according to the Anti-Defamation League.
The attacks that make headlines and those that do not are all rooted in the same hateful ideology. None of the attackers embraced unique or isolated ideas; they didn’t need to. The white supremacist ideology already contains all of the components needed to propel a radicalized individual to violence. And we have hard data showing the threat is regularly materializing. So why is there so much controversy over whether right-wing racially motivated violent extremism is a growing threat?
In 2009, a Department of Homeland Security analysis found that some military veterans could be susceptible to right-wing radicalization, but congressional blowback and fiery debate forced DHS to withdraw the report. Despite the accuracy of that and other research, the threat is still not receiving the attention it warrants, as shown by actions such as the Trump administration’s decision to cut funding for organizations working to end right-wing violence. Furthermore, some public figures consistently downplay the terrorist threat that white supremacists pose.
Why might this be?
One explanation is that white supremacists today operate differently than they did in the past. They are not dressed in Nazi uniforms, and they have eschewed the Ku Klux Klan hood, divesting clear symbols of racial extremism. Instead, they attempt to masquerade as legitimate social justice movements.
However, social justice for a white supremacist means intolerance, segregation, racism, hate and, most important, violence. Despite comments to the contrary, this is not just a “small group of people,” as President Donald Trump said after the New Zealand rampage. It’s not a leftist false flag, as Rush Limbaugh speculated. The shooter was not an “ecoterrorist,” as White House counselor Kellyanne Conway asserted.
It’s a group of extremists and potential “terrorists,” with global aspirations and networks, and there is no question we will see this kind of terrorism erupt again in the United States. This movement is the most dangerous threat to our public safety and homeland security. That fact cannot be overstated, and we need to unapologetically apply the “T-word” when describing its actions.
Ultimately, whether someone believes there is a white supremacist terrorist threat is not relevant to enhancing public safety. What is highly relevant, however, is how those baseless beliefs are communicated to the public, online and across national boundaries, and how they influence counterterrorism policy and investigations. We must treat white supremacy extremism with the same aggressiveness and seriousness of purpose that we have applied to Muslim identity extremism since 2001.
If we do not, what do we think will happen? We can point to New Zealand as a case example, but we do not need to look that far. All the evidence we need is right here at home.
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|Home | About | Journals | Submit | Contact Us | Français|
This Communication demonstrates the ability of potentiometric ion-selective electrodes (ISE) to probe the growth dynamics of metal nanoparticles in real-time. The new monitoring capability is illustrated using a solid-contact silver ISE for monitoring the hydroquinone-induced precipitation of silver on gold nanoparticle seeds. Potential-time recordings obtained under different conditions are used to monitor the depletion of the silver ion during the nanoparticle formation and shed useful insights into the growth dynamics of the nanoparticles. Such potentiometric profiles correlate well with the analogous optical measurements. The new real-time electrochemical probing of the particle growth process reflects the direct, rapid and sensitive response of modern ISE to changes in the level of the precipitated metal ion from the bulk solution and holds considerable promise for probing the preparation of different nanoscale materials.
The considerable interest in nanomaterials is driven by their many desirable properties, particularly the ability to tailor the size and structure and hence the properties of nanomaterials [1–3]. Accordingly, new and improved methods for characterizing the formation of nanomaterials are highly desired. Most commonly, the growth of metal nanoparticles is accomplished using optical methods such as UV-vis , photoluminescence , or microscopy techniques such as transmission electron microscopy or scanning electron microscopy . However, those techniques require bulky and expensive instrumentation, as well as specially-trained operators to perform the measurements. Surprisingly, electrochemical techniques have not been used for direct monitoring of nanoparticle formation processes.
Here we demonstrate for the first time that potentiometric ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) are attractive tools for the direct and continuous monitoring of nanoparticle growth. Electrochemical techniques are advantageous for in-situ monitoring applications due to their rapid response, inherent miniaturization, low cost and independence of sample turbidity. Electrochemical devices such as pH or oxygen electrodes have been widely used for continuous real-time industrial or environmental monitoring . Recent advances in direct potentiometry [9–11] have led to powerful ISE sensing devices, with remarkable selectivity and sensitivity (down to the sub-nanomolar level), fast and reversible response and hence a powerful monitoring capability. We demonstrate here that such advanced potentiometric microsensors are very attractive for probing in real-time the growth and formation of nanoscale materials. The new monitoring capability is illustrated using a solid-state silver ISE in connection to the common hydroquinone-induced precipitation of silver on gold nanoparticle seeds. By offering a fast return of the chemical information regarding the level of solute ions such continuous and direct potentiometric monitoring shed useful insights into the growth kinetics of nanoscale materials and is expected to extend and complement the arsenal of techniques available for probing the dynamics of nanoparticle formation.
Hydroquinone, gold nanoparticles (10 nm diameter, 0.01% HAuCl4, G1527) and silver nitrate salt were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). The ionophores o-xylylenebis(N,N-diisobutyldithio-carbamate) (copper(II) ionophore (I)), sodium tetrakis[3,5-bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate (Na-TFPB) and lipophilic salt tetradodecylammonium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)-borate (ETH 500) were purchased in Selectophore® or puriss grade from Fluka (Buchs, Switzerland). The solvent methylene chloride was obtained from Fisher (Pittsburgh, PA), poly(3-octylthiophene) (POT) was synthesized following the procedure of Jarvinen et. al and purified according to the patent application . The synthesis of methyl methacrylate-decyl methacrylate (MMA-DMA) copolymer matrix was accomplished as described previously . All stock and buffer solutions were prepared using double-deionized water (18.2 MΩ cm).
The membrane for the Ag-ISE was prepared by dissolving 50 mg of components in 0.8 mL of methylene chloride: copper (II) ionophore (I) (17 mmol/kg), Na-TFPB (7 mmol/kg), ETH 500 (12 mmol/kg), and MMA-DMA. The membrane cocktail was degassed by sonication for 1 min prior to use for coating the microelectrodes.
The solid-contact Ag-ISE was prepared by using a 2 cm long gold wire (200 μm diam.) that was soldered to a copper wire for electric contact. Before use the gold wires were thoroughly cleaned with diluted sulfuric acid, and rinsed with water, then acetone and left for 3 min in chloroform. The POT solution (25 mM of the respective monomer) was applied along the length of the gold wire at least three times until the color of the wire became black. After the gold wires were fully covered with POT they were allowed to dry. Then, the wires were inserted into a 10-μL polypropylene pipette tip so that they were level with the end of the micropipette tip. Finally, the membrane `cocktail' was drop cast to the tip of the POT-coated wire for three times at 15 minute-intervals and left to dry for at least 1 hour. The resulting microelectrodes were conditioned prior to use for one day in a 10−3 M AgNO3 solution, followed by another day in a 10−7 M AgNO3.
Potentiometric measurements were performed with a multifunctional data acquisition board (779026-01 USB-6009 14 Bit, National Instruments, Austin, TX) connected to a six-channel high Z interface (WPI, Sarasota, FL). Optical measurements were performed using the LAM BDA 35 spectrophotometer purchased from Perkin-Elmer (Whaltam, MA).
Potentiometric measurements were carried out in a 2 mL sample using the solid-contact Ag ISE and a commercial Ag/AgCl double junction electrode as reference (Type 6.0729.100, Metrohm AG, 9101 Herisau, Switzerland). To avoid contamination of the sample, LiCH3COO was used as the bridge electrolyte. The bridge tip had an outer diameter of 4 mm. All potentiometric measurements were performed at room temperature using deionized water as the background medium.. Activity coefficients for silver were calculated according to the Debye-Huckel approximation and the potential values were corrected for liquid-junction potentials with the Henderson equation.
Spectrophotometric measurements were also performed at room temperature in a 2 mL quartz cuvette with a 1 cm length path, with repetitive spectra recorded every 10 s.
We demonstrate here that ion-selective electrodes (ISE) are very attractive tools for the direct monitoring of nanoparticle growth. To illustrate this monitoring capability we selected the common hydroquinone-induced precipitation of silver on gold nanoparticle seeds and probed the progress of this reaction using a solid-contact Ag+ ISE . The reaction between hydroquinone and silver ions, also known as silver enhancement, has been widely used in histochemical microscopy studies , in connection to gold nanoparticle seeds acting as catalysts to reduce silver ions to metallic silver. The autometallographic silver deposition procedure enlarges the size and darkens the color of the gold particles , while liberating a quinone product.
The solid-contact silver ISE was first characterized in a silver calibration experiment, where it displayed good linearity (E vs. log [Ag+]) over a wide concentration range between 10−9 and 10−3 M silver, with a slope of 58.8 mV/decade, along with a low detection limit of 2×10−9 M (not shown). Subsequently, the silver sensor was applied for monitoring the hydroquinone-stimulated precipitation of silver on gold nanoparticles.
Figure 1 demonstrates the ability of the silver ISE to probe the progress of the hydroquinone-induced silver reduction in the presence of gold nanoparticle seeds. This figure displays potentiometric potential-time traces obtained at the Ag+ ISE in the presence of 10−3 M silver ion and different levels of hydroquinone: 5×10−3 (a), 1.25×10−3 (b), 1×10−3 (c), 7.5×10−4 (d) and 5×10−4 M (e). The ISE allows real-time monitoring of the silver precipitation process, as it responds continuously and instantaneously to the changes in the level of the silver ions. Decreasing potentiometric signals are thus observed upon adding the hydroquinone, reflecting the decreasing concentration of the silver ion. Such potential-time profiles reflect the different growth kinetics in the presence of different levels of hydroquinone. As expected, faster reactions (indicated from the sharper potential change) are observed upon increasing the hydroquinone concentration (i.e., for faster silver depletion). The direct potential readout actually allows for a real-time estimate of the level of silver ion remaining in the solution. For example, the times required for reducing 90% of the silver ions at hydroquinone concentrations of 5 × 10−3, 1.5 × 10−3, 1 × 10−3, 7.5 × 10−4 and 5 × 10−4 M correspond to 3, 7, 17, 26 and 33 minutes, respectively (based on the 59 mV potential change per 10-fold concentration decrease). The potential is stabilized after longer times (at ~340 mV) for the different hydroquinone concentrations. The overall potential change (of ca. 120 mV, i.e., two concentration decades) observed during these reactions indicates that the equilibrium state correspond to the reduction of 99% of the silver ion (independent of the hydroquinone concentration). Apparently, not all the silver is consumed, even in the presence of a large (5-fold) excess of hydroquinone (plot a). Since the signal output of the ISE corresponds to the logarithm of the concentration (strictly, activity) of the solute ion, such direct potentiometric monitoring of the depleted metal ion provides additional (and unique) information on the formation of nanoparticles, which is not accessible by other techniques. For example, Figure 1 indicates a two-step growth process over the silver concentration ranges from 10−3 to 10−4 and 10−4 to 10−5M, that may account for different phases of the particle formation. Parallel spectrophotometric observation of the growth process did not suggest significant particle size heterogeneity, with a well defined band appearing at 403 nm in complete analogy to earlier work . It is not fully clear at this stage which growth mechanisms are responsible for the potential changes observed in Figure 1. These may include nucleation and autocatalytic growth or a late stage growth mechanism. One can argue that the steps observed in Figure 1 are not due to nucleation and growth, but rather reflect varying kinetics in the later stages of nanoparticle growth (that are due to size of the particles). Such argument is attributed to the fact that nucleation will be difficult to see with ISEs since it occurs at a stage where the bulk silver concentration is not yet changing perceptably. Such monitoring of the hydroquinone-induced silver reduction is accomplished by adding together the Ag ions along with the gold nanoparticles (Figure 1). Non-specific adsorption of the silver ions onto the gold surface can be distinguished and detected separately by adding the gold nanoparticles into the silver-ion solution.
Figure 2A presents the time-dependent consumption of silver ions by hydroquinone, with the activity estimated (i.e., using the anti-log domain), in accordance to the Nernst equation based on the E-t profiles of Figure 1. Note that the same equilibrium is reached for the three different hydroquinone concentrations [5(a), 1(b) and 0.5(c) mM]. As was illustrated earlier, the decrease of silver ions can be correlated to the nanoparticle growth kinetics, which is illustrated in Figure 2B (obtained by inverting Figure 2A) using the percentage of the silver nanoparticles formed as displayed values.
These ISE growth profiles were correlated with those obtained by a common optical (UV) method (Figure 2, B vs. C). Such correlation is possible since the response obtained with the common spectrophotometric technique (Figure 2C) displays a similar shape and temporal profile as the one obtained with the Ag-ISE. The spectrophotometric measurements were performed under similar conditions used for potentiometric measurements, in connection to a wavelength of 403 nm, which is characteristic for Ag-nanoparticles . Note that such optical probing is susceptible to various limitations, such as overlapping signals or limited resolution . The new potentiometric technique, in contrast, offers an attractive alternative to such spectrophotomoteric probing, where the consumption of the solute ion during the nanoparticle growth is monitored and can yield a highly useful complementary information.
We examined the influence of other variables of the gold-promoted silver reduction, including the influence of the levels of the silver or gold ions. For example, Figure 3 displays potential-time profiles recorded at the Ag+ ISE in the presence of different concentrations of silver ion: 1 (A), 0.1 (B) and 0.01 mM (C). As expected, the initial potential value increases with the silver ion concentration. However, adding the same (1 mM) hydroquinone concentration results in a faster yet smaller potential change in the presence of the lower silver concentration, with equilibrium reaching within less than 5 min (C). Note, in contrast, the slow reaction observed in the presence of 1 mM silver where equilibrium is not reached even after 25 min (A). The potential changes observed in the presence of 0.10, 0.1 and 1.0 mM Ag(I) − 45, 90 and 75 mV, respectively – correspond to the depletion of 85, 95, and 97 % of this solute ion. Similarly, we tested different volumes (10, 20 and 50μL) of the commercial gold nanoparticles (catalytic seed) solution. We observed the largest catalytic effect (potential change) using the 50 μL gold solution and the slowest reaction using a 10 μL gold solution (not shown).
This communication has illustrated for the first time the use of ISEs for probing the growth of nanoparticles in real-time. Such monitoring of the growth kinetics of nanoparticles is possible because of the rapid, direct, continuous and sensitive potential response of modern ISEs to changes of solute ions. The silver ISE has been shown to be particularly useful for gaining information about the kinetic processes at later stages of nanoparticle growth, in which case the solute ions become dilute and concentration changes are much more easily discerned compared to other methods. The corresponding potentiometric growth profiles correlate otherwise well with analogous optical measurements. While the concept has been documented in connection to the hydroquinone-induced formation of silver nanoparticles it could be readily expanded to the formation of other nanoscale structures using different ISE microsensors.
Financial support from the National Institutes of Health (RO1 EB002189) and the National Science Foundation (CHE 0506529) is gratefully acknowledged.
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Used most commonly for retrieving down hole components, that require downward movement or jarring during pulling sequence.
The GR Pulling Tool is assembled by attaching a GU Adapter sub to the top of a GS Pulling Tool. The shear pin must be removed from the shear down GS Pulling Tool and a shear pin installed in the GU Adapter sub. Shearing the GR pulling tool is accomplished by upward jarring. Once the pin is sheared in the GU adapter sub, the cylinder on the GS is forced upward by the core spring tension releasing the dogs to the retracted position. Extended core lengths are optional for GS portion of the pulling tool for retrieving equipment with an inner locking sleeve.
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Published on: 12 November 2021
Join us?Get started
What is a T4 apartment?
A T4 is an accommodation that contains four rooms: a living room and three bedrooms, in addition to a kitchen, a bathroom and a toilet. You can opt for this type of accommodation when you are considering a shared apartment.
An apartment is good. A two-room apartment is better. Three or more rooms is even better. Four rooms is the best, especially if you are planning your student stay in a shared apartment. A T4 apartment, that is to say with a main room and three bedrooms, is ideal for moving in with several people and thus reducing the costs of shared accommodation (rent, charges, annexes ...).
What is T4 accommodation? Definition
If you are unfamiliar with real estate lingo, a little text explanation is in order. The terms T1, T2, T3, T4, etc. are used in agencies to designate the number of rooms in an apartment. There are a few variants, such as the studio or the T1 bis.
- The studio is a one-room apartment in which the kitchen area is integrated, and which is also equipped with a bathroom and WC.
- Apartment T1 is also a one-room apartment, but unlike the studio, the kitchen is outside the room, separated by a partition and a door, as are the bathroom and the toilet.
- Apartment T1 bis is also a one-room apartment, with toilet, toilet and closed kitchen, but it benefits from extensions such as a mezzanine, an alcove, a hall, a small additional room.
- Apartment T2 is a two-room apartment, usually a main room and a bedroom with a closed kitchen, a bathroom and a toilet.
- Apartment T3 is a three-room apartment, that is to say a main room and two bedrooms, as well as a kitchen, a bathroom and a toilet. The kitchen can be closed, but it can also be an integral part of the main room. The term T3 is still used in this case.
- Apartment T4, if you have followed, is an accommodation that contains four rooms: a main room and three bedrooms, to which are added the essential kitchen, bathroom and toilet. It's that simple.
is used instead of the T (F1, F2, F3, F4, etc.), mainly when it comes to a house. There are no precise standards, nor rules that cannot be ignored, but it is still fairly obvious to understand.
What is the difference between a T3 and a T4?
If you are asked the difference between a T3 and a T4 (or between an F3 and an F4), you can answer that it is the same as between a T2 and a T3: it is simply the number of rooms which changes: two for T3 and three for T4. Please note, a T4 does not have to be larger than a T3: three large rooms can be larger than four small. For a room to be recognized as such, its area must be at least eight square meters and a minimum height of 1.80 meters.
What is the living area of a T4?
There is a law that allows you to calculate the living area of your apartment very precisely. This is the Carrez law, passed in 1996. This law requires that account only be taken of the area of housing areas where the ceiling is 1.80 meters from the floor or more. We must also remove the square meters occupied by cupboards, walls, partitions, steps, etc. The Boutin law, passed in 2009, insists on the concepts of heated rooms. This excludes the area occupied by balconies, terraces, parking spaces, etc. This highly regulated calculation is entrusted to an expert, most of the time to a real estate diagnostic professional. These laws avoid areas given "in a shady" way by unscrupulous landlords, and allow precise comparisons from one home to another.
How to arrange a T4 in colocation?
Renting a T4 to several imposes a few rules. Shared accommodation is not a long, quiet river, on the contrary. The rules of entry must be set to avoid overflows. It doesn't sound cool at first glance, but a few rules save a lot of future tensions.
If you rent a T4 in shared accommodation, it is better to have only three roommates, each with a room. The main room must remain a common room and not be occupied by one of the tenants as a bedroom, especially if this room is used by the other tenants. Privacy is a necessary element for good living. you absolutely must preserve it, especially for the long term.
It is essential to keep a room in which you can isolate yourself. A year of study creates a lot of times when you need to concentrate, if only to work. Your office area should therefore be in your bedroom rather than in a common room, especially the living room where there will be many passages.
Other common rooms, such as the kitchen, toilet and bathroom, must also be subject to rules. Although these may be tacit, it is always best to state them: always put away your things and leave the place clean after you have been there. These are the places where the greatest tensions arise. You should also avoid imposing your decoration in common rooms (unless you have the unreserved agreement of the other parties).
For the rest, it becomes a pleasure to share the equipment: wi-fi, television, shelves where you store your books. Community life, even small, remains a rewarding experience. Shared accommodation is a way of life that is increasingly coming back into fashion in the student world.
How to find T4 accommodation with Studapart?
When you are looking for accommodation, Studapart helps you find an apartment in the city where you are going to continue your studies. Here are four good reasons to join Studapart:
- A very large number of advertisements for accommodation for rent in all the cities of France for students. There are studios, apartments T1, T1 bis, T2, T3, T4, etc., furnished apartments, duplexes ... The advertisements are of course verified. You also have the opportunity to virtually visit the accommodations that interest you /
- Direct contact with the landlord: our instant messaging (or chat) application allows you to converse with the landlord, without an intermediary. You thus have, without an intermediary, the possibility of asking all the questions you want about the apartment (location, history, condition, etc.) and of making an appointment for a visit.
- The Studapart Guarantee: you no longer need to look for a guarantor, Studapart takes care of everything. You benefit from the Studapart guarantee, which means that the lessor will know that you are a reliable tenant and that you benefit from a recognized deposit since it comes from a serious organization.
- Support for the duration of your rental: once installed in your apartment, you can call on Studapart at any time to resolve various small rental problems. Our interventions will allow you to free yourself from these hassles and devote yourself entirely to your studies and your student life.
Studapart is the guarantee of pleasant accommodation and a hassle-free stay.
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Fried bean curd is a standard Chinese snack that can also be eaten as a first course appetizer or as a buffet menu item. While it's easy to make, care must be taken when adding and removing it from the hot oil, so be sure that this is something you're comfortable with doing.
- 10 squares of bean curd
- 1 1/2 tablespoons soy sauce
- 2 teaspoons salt and freshly ground black pepper, mixed together
- Oil suitable for deep frying (for example, peanut oil)
1Prepare the bean curd. Drain the bean curd pieces and sit in a wire strainer.
2Pour the oil into the wok or deep pan or pot.
3Heat until the oil is almost smoking.
4Lower a few pieces at a time into the hot oil. Use tongs or a slotted spoon to hold and place the bean curd pieces in. Do this very carefully, as spattering oil can burn skin.
5Cook quickly. When the bean curd pieces turns a light golden color, remove using the tongs or slotted spoon.
6Place the fried pieces of bean curd on a plate lined with absorbent paper. Sprinkle with soy sauce and the salt and pepper mixture.
7Serve immediately. It can be served with stir-fried Chinese greens for a meal, by itself for a snack, on a warming plate for a buffet or as a small meal for children.
Things You'll Need
- Wok or deep pan/pot suitable for deep frying
- Wire strainer
- Tongs, slotted spoon or similar for handling the hot bean curd pieces in the fryer
- Absorbent paper (such as kitchen paper towel)
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| 0.911944
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Founded by the Fila brothers in Italy in 1911, originally making clothing for the people of the Italian Alps, Fila is one of the leading sportswear manufacturing companies in the world today. Headquartered in Seoul, South Korea, the company employs more than 500 people in 11 countries worldwide.
DESIGN ELEMENTS OF FILA LOGO
The Fila logo is one of the most popular logos ever created. It has been worn by many of the world’s best athletes – a fact that significantly strengthens the brand internally and externally.
Shape of the Fila Logo:
The present Fila logo remains strikingly memorable, largely due to the cleverly artistic treatment of the letter F. The symbol comprises of snakelike letters which give it a highly futuristic and elegant look.
Color of the Fila Logo:
The red bar makes the initial unique in the Fila logo, and represents vitality, vigor and passion. On the other hand, the blue color represent trustworthiness and reliability of the brand.
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| 0.941367
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Music performance is known to induce structural and functional changes to the human brain and enhance cognition. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying music performance have been so far unexplored. A Finnish research group has now investigated the effect of music performance (in a 2 hr concert) on the gene expression profiles of professional musicians from Tapiola Sinfonietta (a professional orchestra) and Sibelius-Academy (a music university).
Playing music enhanced the activity of genes involved in dopaminergic neurotransmission, motor function, learning and memory. Some of the up-regulated genes like SNCA, FOS and DUSP1 are known to contribute to song perception and production in songbirds suggesting a potential evolutionary conservation in molecular mechanisms related to sound production across species.
In addition, several of the up-regulated genes are known to be involved in biological pathways like calcium ion homeostasis and iron ion homeostasis that are essential for neuronal function, survival and neuroprotection.
“The findings provide a valuable background for molecular studies of music perception and evolution, and music therapy”, says the leader of the study, Dr. Irma Järvelä from the University of Helsinki.
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https://scienceblog.com/77519/playing-music-by-professional-musicians-activates-genes-for-learning-and-memory/
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| 0.905581
| 243
| 3.328125
| 3
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This narrated slide show gives a brief overview of coral biology and how coral reefs are in danger from pollution, ocean temperature change, ocean acidification, and climate change. In addition, scientists discuss how taking cores from corals yields information on past changes in ocean temperature.
This is a photo essay linked to a New York Times story about climate-related stressors on forests -- including mountain pine beetles, forest fires, forest clearance, and ice storms -- and the importance of protecting forests as an important carbon sink.
The video addresses impact of warming temperatures on major lakes of the world with specific focus on Lake Superior and Lake Tanganyika. It discusses the science of water stratification and its impact on lake ecosystems and on human populations whose livelihoods depend on the lakes.
This interactive shows the extent of the killing of lodgepole pine trees in western Canada. The spread of pine beetle throughout British Columbia has devastated the lodgepole pine forests there. This animation shows the spread of the beetle and the increasing numbers of trees affected from 1999-2008 and predicts the spread up until 2015.
This static image from NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory Carbon Program offers a visually compelling and scientifically sound image of the sea water carbonate chemistry process that leads to ocean acidification and impedes calcification.
This video highlights research conducted at Woods Hole on how heat absorbed by the ocean and changes of ocean chemistry from human activities could lead to a tipping point for marine life and ecosystems. Includes ice bath experiment that models the tipping point of Arctic sea ice.
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<urn:uuid:71780628-97f9-4d65-a22f-f9ba219be4ef>
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CC-MAIN-2016-44
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https://www.climate.gov/teaching/literacy/3-c-climate-impacts-ecosystems-and-past-species-extinctions
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| 0.903006
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Average life expectancy has been on the rise yearly, from around the 40’s back in the 1900s, to almost 80 this year. So what brings this longevity? Effectively, we are only in poor health much later in our life. Access to health services, health literacy and a decrease in smoking nationwide, all plays a part in making our life so much longer. Nowadays, causes of death are less likely caused by parasitic and infectious diseases (the black plague for example) due to a much better sanitary practice and the existence of toilets. Death is likely to be caused by chronic conditions and non-communicable diseases (cancer, diabetes etc.). Then there is also the movement for immunization, millions are immunized against harmful strains, the likes of polio and the main childhood killer, measles.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.instantanswer.org/why-are-people-living-longer_2532.html
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| 0.972181
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Why is Agricultural Employment Increasing in Turkey?
Using panel data across 26 regions, this paper investigates why the long-run trend of decreasing share of agricultural employment following the usual path of economic development in Turkey, has been reversed in the aftermath of the global crisis. Our results show that the decrease in non-agricultural wages during the crisis was not effective in increasing agricultural employment; however, changes in relative agricultural prices had a significant effect. Exploring further for other causes, such as changes in agricultural production structure, does not change the results.
|Date of creation:||Oct 2011|
|Date of revision:||Apr 2013|
|Contact details of provider:|| Web page: http://www.betam.bahcesehir.edu.tr|
More information through EDIRC
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- repec:hoo:wpaper:e-92-3 is not listed on IDEAS
- Alvarez-Cuadrado, Francisco & Poschke, Markus, 2009.
"Structural Change out of Agriculture: Labor Push versus Labor Pull,"
IZA Discussion Papers
4247, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
- Francisco Alvarez-Cuadrado & Markus Poschke, 2011. "Structural Change Out of Agriculture: Labor Push versus Labor Pull," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 3(3), pages 127-58, July.
- Francisco Alvarez-Cuadrado & Markus Poschke, 2009. "Structural Change Out Of Agriculture: Labor Push Versus Labor Pull," Departmental Working Papers 2009-08, McGill University, Department of Economics.
- Sengul Gonul & Üngör Murat, 2012. "Increasing Share of Agriculture in Employment in the Time of Crisis: Puzzle or Not?," Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, De Gruyter, vol. 7(3), pages 1-32, May.
When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bae:wpaper:004. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: (Merve Akgul)
If references are entirely missing, you can add them using this form.
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<urn:uuid:7e3b0562-1c13-4ee0-828a-2b708e41160d>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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https://ideas.repec.org/p/bae/wpaper/004.html
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en
| 0.809897
| 528
| 2.15625
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After the "nasty spat" between India and US over an Indian diplomat, the emergence of Narendra Modi, Bharatiya Janata Party's prime ministerial candidate, may cause even more tension between them, according to Time magazine.
Washington: The emergence of Narendra Modi, Bharatiya Janata Party's prime ministerial candidate, may cause even more tension between them, according to Time magazine.
Indian diplomat Devyani Khobragade, whom US authorities charged with visa fraud involving her maid, has returned to India after being granted diplomatic immunity, the influential magazine noted in its upcoming Jan 27 issue.
"But don't expect the relationship to rebound quickly," Michael Crowley wrote suggesting "In fact, the atmosphere could soon become even more tense - over a far more prominent Indian also embroiled in a visa controversy."
Suggesting that BJP "holds the edge" in the upcoming general election by May, he said that "If the BJP prevails, Modi will be India's next Prime Minister.
Narendra Modi. Photo: AFP
"Yet he is persona non grata in the US," he noted "because of his alleged role in a horrific episode of sectarian violence in February 2002."
"Modi's critics say he condoned or even encouraged the violence - accusations he stoutly denies and for which no Indian court has found him responsible," Time noted.
In 2005, the State Department revoked Modi's visa under an American law that bars a foreign official who "was responsible for or directly carried out ... particularly severe violations of religious freedom," Crowley recalled
"When Modi had no national profile, the restriction was inconsequential. But can Washington blacklist the leader of India?" he asked.
US policymakers are divided, he noted. "A resolution introduced in November in the US Congress calls on the State Department to continue denying Modi entry. It has attracted 43 congressional co-sponsors, including two Muslims."
"Realists, and US business leaders wishing to capitalise on Modi's openness to foreign investment, say his character should only be a footnote to Washington's wider relations with New Delhi," Crowley wrote.
"Should Modi win, the Obama Administration will be pressured by many at home and abroad to condemn his past and prevent him from visiting the US. But (President Barack) Obama has tended to subordinate principle to the national interest," he suggested.
Noting that "Over the years, the US has done business with plenty of unsavoury leaders, in countries far less friendly than India," Time said, "By revoking Modi's visa, the US government has made clear its view of him and the Gujarat rampage."
"But Washington's ties with New Delhi are too important to be confined through that prism if Modi becomes PM," it said, suggesting "Both countries need to step forward and not allow Modi's past to push them back."
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President Barack Obama’s Nobel Peace Prize is quickly turning from a singular honor into a gold-medal headache, as even supporters call it premature and critics say it proves he’s a darling of the international elite.
Obama moved to put some distance between himself and the award, saying, “I do not view it as a recognition of my own accomplishments, but a recognition of the role of American leadership” in the world.
Story Continued Below
“To be honest, I do not feel that I deserve to be in the company of so many of the transformative figures” who won in the past, Obama said at the White House. “I will accept this award as a call to action, a call to all nations to confront the common challenges of the 21st Century.”
And trying to puncture the solemnity of the moment, Obama joked that it was also a good day because it’s his dog Bo’s birthday. The White House later announced Obama will give the roughly $1.4 million prize to charity.
But even as some Democrats called it a validation of Obama’s inclusive approach to foreign affairs, conservatives said it was evidence the Nobel committee simply wanted America “neutered,” as talk-radio host Rush Limbaugh said.
“With this 'award' the elites of the world are urging Obama, THE MAN OF PEACE, to not do the surge in Afghanistan, not take action against Iran and its nuclear program and to basically continue his intentions to emasculate the United States," Limbaugh wrote in an e-mail to POLITICO.
At a time when Obama faces critical choices on Afghanistan, Guantanamo and other sensitive national security issues, the Nobel Committee’s action does revive Republican arguments that Obama is beholden to global elites looking for a dramatic break from the policies of President George W. Bush.
It could also remind some of a critique of Obama dating back to the presidential primary — that he is praised more for his rhetoric than his actions, more for his air of celebrity than any tangible accomplishments.
The collective shock around Washington about the award also seemed to reflect the new perception of Obama – that he has proven to be something of a political mortal, even a conventional politician.
His deal-cutting and compromises on foreign policy and even domestic priorities such as health care often seem starkly at odds with the idealistic tone of his campaign. The Gitmo decision is a prime example - after campaigning for two years on closing the prison for terror suspects, Obama has been forced to acknowledge he'll probably miss his one-year deadline to do so.
The Nobel Committee, it seems, was bestowing their award on the idea of Obama — the inspiring candidate who made history last year and captured the imagination of many across the globe. The prize, in short, seems to have been given to Candidate Obama rather than President Obama.
If it seems a bit dated, that could because it is. Nobel nominations were due by Feb. 1 — just 12 days after Obama took office. It’s not clear who nominated Obama.
The official statement from the Nobel Committee praised Obama for his "efforts to strengthen international diplomacy" and saluted his announced goal of a nuclear-free world. However, the committee pointed to no concrete achievement of his fledgling presidency.
"I think the White House is correctly sensitive to the growing perception in the country that President Obama has been heavy on hype and light on solid, tangible accomplishments during his first year in office," said veteran GOP strategist Mike Murphy. "Unemployment is way up, healthcare is becoming a partisan shambles, Afghanistan is growing more difficult. It's hard to see how a star-struck Nobel committee giving him the prize based on his first sixty days as President does much to fight that show-horse perception."
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Rishab Nayak, a junior majoring in computer science (CS) and chemistry at Boston University, wants to build technologies that can be deployed at scale for social good, particularly in healthcare. When asked what he would do if he could do anything in life, Nayak says he would “create the tricorder from Star Trek—a small device that can [read a medical] diagnosis and prognosis.” He shares his mission to innovate technology solutions to help others with two friends he knows from Bangalore, India—UMass Amherst CS students Aditya Narayanan and Abhinav Tripathy.
The trio was exposed to the needs of the visually impaired in April 2018 at Perkins Hacks—a hackathon for solving real-world problems hosted by Perkins School for the Blind in Watertown, Massachusetts. Nayak and his friends had grandparents with sight and/or mobility disabilities, so they wanted to invent a wearable device that helps older adults and people who are low vision to safely navigate spaces—“an autopilot for humans.”
The team developed their idea at HackHarvard in October 2018, using Cloud Storage, Google Cloud’s unified object storage service, and Firebase, Google’s app development platform. Their wearable prototype used a microcontroller with a camera to split the video into frames on the device. The device would then send the frames to a Cloud Storage bucket to perform analysis before offering audio feedback about people and objects surrounding the user. “It was easy to learn how to use Cloud Firestore as our NoSQL document database during the hackathon,” Nayak says. “We used the onSnapshot( ) method to listen to a document, which allowed us to update a database entry from anywhere and receive the update in real time on another device."
Their device, called Stepify, won the Best Use of Google Cloud prize, which led to a transcontinental partnership with like-minded students more than 3,500 miles away.
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Mission & Vision: Why we exist?
JAGSOM is a highly mission focussed school and all our outcomes are driven by our mission, that is totally learner centric.
Nurture holistic, socially responsible and continuously employable professionals
To be the most sought-after destination for quality management education in India
Values: What defines our culture?
Our values drive all our actions and are deeply embedded in our DNA
- Genuine Transparency
- Unity through Belonging
- Relentless Pursuit of Perfection
- Unstoppable Dynamism
What makes us distinctive?
These anchors set JAGSOM apart from other B-Schools, making JAGSOM both unique and relevant.
Grooming T-shaped Professionals aligned to Industry 4.0
Focused on creating new-age roles in new-age industries. This involves an optimal mix of core courses, majors and minors, along with ‘practice’ courses and 'Career Track Focus' to transform students to T-shaped professionals.
Holistic Development of the student’s mind and body
Specific activities such as the Personality Enhancement Program (PEP), Outbound Leadership Lab (OLL), Social Immersion Program (SIP) and Effective Execution Committees (EECs) build character and bestow students with the strength to face adverse and ambiguous situations.
Enhanced Learner Success
Includes several interventions such as Supervised Learning, Assurance of Learning measures, long duration Industry Internships and Placement Support, to ensure that the students are exposed to multiple interventions to transform themselves into employable professionals.
Scholarship and Thought Leadership
Focuses on research and knowledge capital with a strong practice orientation. Thought leadership aims at creating intellectual contributions that would be relevant not only for students, but also for Corporate Leaders and Practicing Managers. Research Incubation (RI) integrates three key stakeholders- faculty, students and practitioners, through a unique intervention, ‘Request for Problems’ wherein students and faculty work on real-life problems that provided by companies.
Building an extended portfolio of global partnerships through the development of sustainable and mutually beneficial alliances with reputed academic institutions. Such partnerships fit into our academic strategy and help us to offer holistic education that would nurture professionals of the future with a global perspective. Strategic alliances to create international pathways for students with Sydney Business School, University of Wollongong and State University of New York.
Impact on Business and Society
Developing social responsibility and enhancing the social awareness quotient of students. The Social Immersion Program (SIP), a unique initiative, sensitizes students to the needs of the community and enables them to identify and address social problems through field exposure. Students learn to design solutions for social problems through a Techno Economic Viability (TEV) study, thereby enabling sustainable socially positive and measurable impact on seven UN Sustainable Developmental Goals (SDGs). Several Centres of Excellence at JAGSOM have been initiated to provide meaningful contributions to business and society. These includes AIM-Parasuraman Centre for Service Excellence and Center for Business Analytics.
Industry Integration & Skill Enhancement for Professionals
Focuses on honing the skills of experienced professionals with a host of opportunities to continue their journey of learning and professional development. PGDM Executive program is designed for professionals with work experience with option to attend on-campus sessions during weekends or learn from home (LFH) online.
Accreditation & Rankings
Accreditations & Approvals
JAGSOM broke into the QS Global Business Masters Rankings 2021.
- 101+ Band Globally in the QS ‘Masters-in-Marketing’ Ranking for for PGDM (Marketing Major).
- 151+ Band globally in the QS ‘Masters-in-Finance’ Rankings for PGDM (Finance Major).
- The only Business School from India that has been ranked in the QS Masters in Marketing Rankings 2021 and QS Masters in Finance Rankings 2021.
- JAGSoM has also broken through the QS Masters in Business Analytics Rankings 2022 and has been ranked in the 101+ band globally.
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Even before the crisis struck, the MENA region faced difficulties, but with growth and investment reeling from the global downturn, the situation has become urgent: millions of new jobs will be needed for the MENA region's expanding population over the next decade. With annual growth rates that averaged 6% in previous years set to fall to closer to 2-3% this year and foreign direct investment inflows into parts of the region plunging by an estimated 30%, governments need to work hard to attract investment by domestic, regional and international companies.
One underlying cause of the challenges MENA countries face can be traced to administrative and governance processes, which must be addressed to release economic potential, alongside action on education and business development. But though a crisis is a good time to reform, it can also fuel resistance to change. The MENA-OECD Initiative on Good Governance and Investment for Development aims to help support reform-minded governments by sharing best practices from the region and beyond.
The paradigm is simple: ensuring stronger and better governance and a supportive business environment that includes robust education and infrastructure will bring more investment and improve the development prospects for the region as a whole.
However, translating the paradigm into reality is not easy, which is where the OECD can help. We have a rich trove of experience to share in all the key areas for action, from public and corporate governance, through human resource skills and women's issues, to capital investment, tax administration and policies for small and medium-sized enterprises. We are honoured to put this knowledge at the disposal of the MENA countries. Our focus has been on improving governance and strengthening investment policies, as these are prerequisites to unleashing the MENA region's considerable development potential. A results-oriented programme, the MENA-OECD initiative helps to share knowhow on best practices and lessons from past reforms. We mobilise trusted OECD tools, such as peer review and civil society dialogue, and promote innovative solutions for specific circumstances. Our collaborative work is starting to show results. Take corruption, which has affected investment in the MENA region at some cost to development. Thanks to the involvement of the OECD, among others, now several countries have begun cleaning up their public procurement practices and are creating legal structures to combat bribery of public officials.
Under the Good Governance for Development initiative, MENA and the OECD are working together to help strengthen civil service performance and public service delivery in the region, and to improve such areas as e-government, public-private partnerships, legal enforcement and civil society relations. The fruit of this effort is reflected in the spread of information and communication technologies within administrations, for instance, and in more effective personnel policies, including empowering women in the civil service.
Meanwhile, the Investment Programme is helping to spur progress in areas such as investment rules, tax policies, small and medium-sized business support, corporate governance, sector diversification, trade, skills and responsible business conduct. Some of this work focuses on technical issues, such as providing drafting support for corporate governance codes and training officials on double taxation treaties. The programme has also developed regional guidelines for free economic zones, and has adapted the OECD Principles for Private Sector Participation in Infrastructure to the MENA region. And together with the governance initiative, the Investment Programme provides a forum to enhance contact between policymakers and other stakeholders.
Governance and investment policies will lead the agenda at the MENA-OECD ministerial conference at Marrakech, Morocco on 23 November, which will be held under the high patronage of His Majesty the King Mohammed VI and hosted by Prime Minister Abbas El Fassi. The ministerial meeting will be preceded on 22 November by two important fora on governance and business, as well as a summit of women business leaders.
The countries of the Middle East and North Africa have been at the economic and technological forefront of civilisation throughout much of history. Today, they are at a crossroads in their development. With strong co-operation combined with the right policies and determined approaches, the MENA region has every prospect of playing an increasingly leading role in helping to forge a stronger, cleaner and fairer world economy for all.
© OECD Observer, No. 275, November 2009
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Wind BasicsThis homemade weather vane science project is yet another easy way for kids to get hands-on experience being meteorologists. For added educational value, kids can easily make their own homemade compass to help orient their weather vane while simultaneously learning something about the Earth's magnetic field.
Historically, weather vanes have been in existence and used to help predict the weather for over 2,000 years. Unfortunately, these predictions are not always very accurate. However, although meteorology is a lot more complicated than the direction the wind is coming from, knowing this information can be used to make better educated guesses about the weather.
For example, if the wind is coming from the north in the northern hemisphere, one might expect the temperature to cool off since average temperatures are typically colder the closer one gets to the Earth's poles. (In the southern hemisphere, southern winds would be more likely to have a cooling effect.) Conversely, if the wind was coming from the direction of the equator (so the south in the northern hemisphere, north in southern hemisphere), one might predict warmer weather is on its way. If you live near an ocean, wind from that direction might suggest an increase in humidity (the amount of moisture in the air). Whether or not their predictions are reliable, kids can have fun practicing their weather forecasting skills.
Homemade Weather Vane Science Project
- unsharpened, unused pencil
- empty circular plastic container with lid (such as sour cream, cottage cheese, yogurt, etc.)
- playdough (enough to fill the bottom of your container about 1/2 inch)
- ball pin
- 1 sheet of card stock
- refrigerator magnet (ours looks like a silver push pin in the picture above)
- small square piece of Styrofoam (at least about 1" x 1")
- x-acto knife
- tape (optional)
- ruler (optional)
- First, trace the lid of the plastic container onto the cardstock and cut it out.
- Use the X-acto knife to make an "x"-shaped hole in the lid of the plastic container and use the hole to mark the center of your circle.
- If desired, draw a compass rose onto your cardstock circle. Otherwise, just label the 4 cardinal direction with N, S, E, and W. Glue the circle onto the lid.
- If desired, cut out and decorate a piece of cardstock to wrap around your plastic container. Ours says, "Which Way Does the Wind Blow?" and I had my kids decorate it with a weather theme (storm clouds, sun, rain, lightening, etc.)
- Attach the label to plastic container with tape or glue.
- Fill the inside of the container with about 1/2 inch of play dough.
- After the glue dries on the lid, use the X-acto knife to cut an "x" in the center of the paper and push the unused pencil through the lid.
- Place the lid back on the container, pushing the pencil into the playdough so that the pencil is firmly held in place sticking straight out of the container.
- Next, flatten your straw a bit, so that you can see a crease on the top and bottom. (If your straw has a bendy section, cut if off first.) Using the creases as a guide, cut a small slit on the top and bottom of each end (4 slits total). Each slit should be about 1/4 inch in length.
- Cut out a square and triangle from the cardstock to make an arrow's tail and point. Our square was 3" on each side and our triangle had a 2 inch base and a 1.5 inch height. However, the exact dimensions (and even shape) are not really that important. What is important is that the tail of the arrow is much larger (has a greater surface area) than the point.
- Decorate the tail and point if desired.
- Place the square and triangle onto the ends of the straw. Add a little glue along each slit for added security.
- Using the crease in the straw again as a guide, push a ball pin through the straw and into the pencil, doing your best to make everything as straight as possible. Since the square end of the straw is heavier than the triangle, placing the pin a little closer to that end will help it be better balanced and remain straight instead of tipped. Our pin is located about 1/3 of the length of the straw (about 2.5 inches) from the square end (2/3 of the length (about 5 inches) from the triangle end).
Now your weather vane is ready! Before you use it however, you'll want to orient the directions properly so that you know which direction the wind is coming from. To do this, you could use your own compass. However it is more fun to make your own.
- First, magnetize your needle by rubbing the magnet in the same direction from one end of the needle to the other for about a minute. (Do not rub it back and forth.)
- Next, glue the magnetized needle onto the Styrofoam.
- After the glue dries, place the Styrofoam and needle into a bowl of water and the needle will line up with the Earth's magnetic field which runs between the North pole to the South pole. You can check the accuracy of your homemade compass with a real compass.
- Unfortunately, you will not know which end of your needle is north and which is south, so hopefully you will have a vague idea which direction is north already. If not, you have to get more creative in order to figure out which end of your needle is pointing north. If it is a sunny day, you could use the sun's shadows to help. Remember, since the sun rises in the east and sets in the west, in the morning shadows will point towards the west (for the most part) and in the afternoon, they will point generally towards the east. (In the middle of the day, the direction of the sun will depend on which side of the equator you're on.) If it's night time, you could also try to find the north star, Polaris. The north star is the tail of the Little Dipper. However, the Big Dipper is usually easier to find. The easiest way to find the north star in my opinion is to find the two stars farthest from the handle of the Big Dipper. Next, mentally draw a line between these two stars and follow it up to the brightest star in the vicinity. That is Polaris.
- Once you know which direction is north, simply orient your weather vane so that your compass rose is properly aligned.
The way the weather vane works is that the wind is more likely to push the tail end of the arrow than the point end since the tail end has greater surface area. The wind pushes the tail in the direction it is blowing, causing the arrow to point in the direction the wind came from. Kids can test this by simply blowing on the weather vane and seeing how the arrow always turns to point back at them. Have fun watching your kids be young meteorologists!
Science for Kids
- Animal Report Forms
- Animal Home Clipcards
- Crystals - How to Grow Crystals
- Dancing Raisins Experiment
- How to Make a Lava Lamp
- Why do Leaves Change Colors
- Homemade Battery Experiment
- Pop Rock Science Experiment
- Simple Machines Mini Book
- Solar System Worksheets
- Squishy Circuits
- Weather Unit (free printable unit)
Michelle is a homeschooling mama of 3 young kiddos and a former engineer and research scientist. She blogs at Research Parent, an education-focused website featuring free printable learning material and activities for K-12. Follow along on Pinterest, Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter
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Christmas in Greenland
In the villages of Polar Inuits, families like to visit each other and have parties. They drink coffee and eat cakes and exchange brightly wrapped parcels. Traditional presents are model sledges, a pairs of polished walrus tusks, or sealskin mitts. Everyone in the village gets a gift and children go from house to house, singing songs.
On Christmas Eve, Church Services are held and most people go to them, many in national costume. Some men wear the white anoraks which are worn on special occasions.
Christmas Trees have to be imported, because no trees grow as far north as Greenland. The trees are often imported from Denmark - Iceland has had a long historical connection with Denmark. The trees are decorated with candles, bright ornaments and sometimes small versions of sealskin breeches known as kamiks. Trees are traditionally decorated on the evening of 23rd December. People who don't use an imported tree, might have a traditional driftwood tree decorated with heather.
Another traditional and popular decoration is to put an illuminated star in windows. There are stars in most homes and in all public buildings. Because Greenland is so far north, and within the Arctic Circle, during the winter the sun never rises! (You might get a brief glimpse over the southern mountains, but that's it!) So the stars help to bring some light.
Villages also put a large Christmas Tree on a nearby hill, so everyone can see it. These trees are put up and decorated ready for the start of Advent.
St Lucia's day (December 13th) is also celebrated in Greenland.
There are some rather unusual foods eaten at Christmas time in Greenland. 'Mattak' is whale skin with a strip of blubber inside. It is supposed to taste like fresh coconut, but is often too tough to chew and is usually swallowed. Another Christmas food is 'kiviak'. This is the raw flesh of little auks (a type of arctic bird) which have been buried whole in sealskin for several months until they have reached an advanced stage of decomposition! Although it sounds strange, it is a delicacy in Greenland.
Other popular foods in Greenland include 'suaasat' which is a soup/stew, barbecued caribou, fish either as raw sushi or cooked and a popular desert is berries and apples with a crisp Topping. Lots of Danish pastries are also eaten!
It is traditional on Christmas night that the men look after the women, serving their food and coffee and stirring the meal for them. Games follow the Christmas meal, including one in which an object is passed from hand to hand round a long table under the cloth. It is supposed to be repulsive: round, clammy and rough in texture; such as a frozen egg, wrapped in strips of wet fox fur!
In Greenland there are two main languages spoken, Inuit/Greenlandic and Danish. In Greenlandic, Happy/Merry Christmas is 'Juullimi Pilluarit'; in Danish it is 'Glædelig Jul'. Happy/Merry Christmas in lots more languages.
Greenland also claims to be the place where Santa Claus lives or at least goes for his summer holidays! He is said to have a home in the north of the country in Spraglebugten, near the town of Uummannaq!
New Year's Eve is celebrated twice in Greenland! At 8.00pm, they celebrate that the new year has reached Denmark and at midnight it's the new year in Greenland! At both celebrations, people like to let off lots of fireworks and rockets!
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Throughout the history of architecture there has been a normal consensus that the most effective designs are these created by artists who usually are not sure by the numerous constrains of enterprise and the true world. Contemporary architecture has proven, nevertheless, that excellence of design, although crucial, is just not fairly sufficient to make sure success. Most architects are entrepreneurs and vocational designers who want a specific management toolkit to construct the profession they need. In response to this situation, the IE School of Architecture and Design has launched the Master in Architectural Management and Design in collaboration with IE Business School, a program that addresses the design implication of business decisions.
Your architectural studies design course consists of 18 items in your major major and 4 items which might be frequent to all six design majors (architectural studies, vogue, industrial design, interactive and visual design, inside design or panorama … Read more
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There is an urgent need to create new and more effective therapies for tendon repair since injured tendons do not fully heal and regenerate. In acute tendon injuries, repair is carried out by intrinsic tendon cells and extrinsic cells that migrate from surrounding tissues and the circulation. The cells proliferate at the injured site, synthesize extracellular matrix, produce dense and aligned collagen fibers, and reorganize tendon structure to varying degrees. The repaired tendons can also undergo scarring and degeneration over time that are characterized by hypercellularity, mis-alignment and reduced number of collagen fibers, and increased production of cartilage-specific proteoglycans, among other defects. These alterations can result in loss of normal mechanical strength, flexibility and elasticity. It remains unclear as to which cells are responsible for the multistep repair process and which cellular actions should be enhanced or suppressed to prevent degenerative changes and improve healing. The elucidation of these and related issues could undoubtedly lead to development of new therapeutic tools to improve and stimulate tendon repair. We recently found that a cell population present at the injury site in mouse tendons exhibited progenitor-like traits including colony forming ability, multipotency and expression of mesenchymal stem cell surface markers. Interestingly, these injured tendon-associated progenitor cells, herein called inTPCs, possessed a much stronger ability to differentiate into chondrogenic cells than progenitor cells isolated from uninjured tendons. Furthermore, we found that agonists for the nuclear retinoic acid receptor ? (RAR?) stimulated tenogenic differentiation in cultured inTPCs, while they inhibited their chondrogenic differentiation in vitro and chondroid degeneration in ruptured mouse tendons in vivo. In addition, we found that mouse inTPCs participated in both repair process and degenerative changes in ruptured mouse tendons and that a similar cell population was present in injured human tendons. These and other results directly support and lead to our novel hypotheses that progenitor cells appearing in acutely injured tendons play important roles in tendon repair but also degeneration and that RAR? agonists can control their differential potential and improve tendon repair. This high risk-high return R21 project will test these novel possibilities using tendon progenitor cells in injured mouse and human tendons and will begin to develop methods to stimulate tendon repair by controlling differentiation of these progenitors toward a tenogenic lineage.
Our aims are: (1) To determine the effects of RAR? agonists on inTPCs and tendon repair in a mouse tendon injury model;and (2) To determine whether human inTPCs contribute to repair and degenerative changes in injured tendons and respond to RAR? agonists. The outcome of these exploratory experiments will pave the way toward designing more encompassing projects in which the above therapeutic strategies and their underlying mechanisms of action can be studied in greater depth, leading to innovative translational medicine outcomes in tendon repair.
Nearly 5 million patients visit a physician for tendon pain each year in the US and yet, current therapies for acute or chronic tendon damage and disorders remain ineffective. This project aims to study a new therapeutic target and a new drug treatment for tendon repair. The outcome of this study would have a strong socio-economical impact by reducing the burden of these conditions.
|Asai, Shuji; Otsuru, Satoru; Candela, Maria Elena et al. (2014) Tendon progenitor cells in injured tendons have strong chondrogenic potential: the CD105-negative subpopulation induces chondrogenic degeneration. Stem Cells 32:3266-77|
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Tankless Water Heater vs. Tank Water Heater Comparison | Tankless Water Heaters Fort Worth
If you need a replacement water heater, you may be considering changing from a conventional style to a tankless water heater. The following is a tankless water heater vs. tank water heater comparison. For your convenience when considering the water heater types available, it explains the differences, the advantages, and disadvantages of each, enabling you to make an informed decision between conventional water heaters or tankless water heaters in Fort Worth.
The majority of water heaters in U. S. households are conventional storage water heaters. They are insulated, hold from 20 to 120 gallons, and are either electric or gas burning appliances. While energy efficiency has improved in storage water heaters, they consistently lose heat, and are required to reheat the water to maintain the set temperature. This loss is called standby heat loss.
Tank: A tank styled water heater is limited to the amount of hot water stored in the water heater tank. Once the water is used, an average of 55 minutes is required before the tank heats a full tank of hot water again. As long as the tank has hot water available, you are able to use multiple hot water applications at the same time.
Tankless: The tankless water heater provides a continuous supply of hot water. You will never run out of hot water again. Family members can take one shower after another in the morning with continuous hot water. However, the tankless water heater may be limited on simultaneous multiple hot water use, depending on the model you install. Large use households may experience cold water with simultaneous use, without installing a larger model or multiple tankless water heaters in Fort Worth.
Tank: Conventional tank water heaters are poor on efficiency. They store a specific amount of water at a set temperature. The water heater periodically operates to restore the temperature of the water to the setting.
Tankless: The tankless water heater only heats water when hot water is actually in use. Lacking a tank, the tankless is incapable of experiencing standby heat loss. This can result in saving as much as 35% on the cost of hot water production.
A sensor within the tankless monitors the temperature of the incoming water, the flow rate, and the temperature setting to ensure, in order to deliver the hot water you need. When considering the benefits of tankless water heaters in Fort Worth for your home, give us a call.
Tank: The storage hot water has an average lifespan of only 7 – 10 years, depending on the water chemistry in your area. Furthermore, if the water heater tank leaked when it failed, there may be costly water damage to your home. It pays to check on the water heater routinely for leaks or other problems. In addition, routine maintenance is essential for all water heaters long term performance and lifespan.
Tankless: By providing the recommended routine maintenance, and depending on the water chemistry affecting your home, a tankless water heater typically experiences a lifespan of 20 years or longer with the availability of parts. With no tank to flush, typical maintenance consists of descaling. A Benjamin Franklin plumber in Fort Worth can provide the water heater maintenance you need.
The consideration of tankless water heaters in Fort Worth is worthwhile, especially when you consider the water heater is the second greatest energy consumer in the home, second only to the heating and air conditioning system. Benjamin Franklin’s plumbers in Fort Worth will be glad to answer your questions, and provide the installation of tankless water heaters in Fort Worth in your home or business.
You may be wondering about the disadvantages of installing tankless water heaters in Fort Worth, and it may not be the ideal solution for your home. A number of tankless water heaters produce no more than 5 gallons per minute (GPM). However, Benjamin Franklin Plumbing sells Noritz tankless water heaters, which produce up to 11.1 GPM, providing a substantial improvement in supply. When you contact us, our plumbers will assess your household’s hot water use, to ensure the best solution for you.
Contact a Benjamin Franklin plumber in Fort Worth for the installation of tankless water heaters in Fort Worth, or for additional information when making a tankless water heater vs. tank water heater comparison. Our licensed, knowledgeable plumbers will ensure you receive the hot water you need. Furthermore, our licensed plumbers provide a broad range of plumbing services for your residential or commercial plumbing needs. Benjamin Franklin offers prompt service, plumbers with expertise, and guarantees your 100% satisfaction. Benjamin Franklin Plumbing serves Fort Worth, Arlington, and the surrounding areas, and is a member of the BBB with an A+ rating.
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When my friend Charlie asked if I wanted some pine nuts, I said sure, but I was confused. We are a long way from the high desert home of the piñon pine. Uh, where on earth did you get them? “From around my house,” he said. “They’re all over. I’ll bring you a gunnysack full of ’em.” And so he did.
Charlie wasn’t entirely sure what sort of pine he’d been collecting nuts from for years, but he thought — correctly — that they were digger pines. Pinus sabiniana, a tree now called the gray or bull pine because, apparently, the term “digger” wasn’t real complimentary to the local Indians who once used these trees for pitch and for food.
Gray pines are unmistakable: Huge, spare, almost wispy, sporting gigantic cones that can knock you out or even kill you if you are so unfortunate as to be underneath one when it falls. This cone is nearly the size of a toddler’s head. Those are the nuts behind the cone. Aren’t they cute?
Gray pines only live in California, and only inland. They ring the Central Valley and extend a little into Oregon. But you won’t find them on the Coast, or in any other state. They are NorCal’s answer to the great piñon pines of the desert. Oh, and for all of you on the East Coast? Sorry man, but so far as I know there are no pines east the Mississippi that have large enough nuts to be worth collecting. If I am wrong, let me know.
I have ventured to the Great Basin to collect America’s finest pine nuts, those of the piñon pine (Pinus edulis) and the single-leaf piñon (Pinus monophylla). Both are trees of the desert, and are common from eastern California, Nevada and Utah to the Southwest states of Arizona and New Mexico. Keep in mind that more than 90 percent of the pine nuts eaten in American are actually from China and are from for Korean pine.
If you are lucky enough to get your hands on real American piñon or Italian pine nuts (Pinus pinea), treasure them: They are high in fat and will not give you that nasty, metallic “pine mouth” that some Asian pine nuts will. Pine mouth can last for days.
Back to my NorCal pine nuts. You may notice that they don’t look like typical pine nuts. Gray pine nuts are long and slender, although they can weigh almost as much as a store-bought nut. So, you ask yourself, why isn’t someone commercially harvesting the nuts from Pinus sabiniana?
Let me tell you why. To get this little half-pint jar of nuts, it required at least 2 hours of tedious work. It starts with the cones. You collect the cones in September or October and keep them in a place that is airy, but dry; my garage was an ideal spot. You collect the cones when they are still tightly closed — otherwise the squirrels will eat all the nuts before you can get to them. Over time, they slowly open, revealing the nut within.
Your first labor is to get all the nuts out of the cones. Do this by banging them around in the gunnysack (old coffee sacks are ideal) until the nuts all fall out. Or you can whack them on your garage floor. Or you can pick them out by hand. Watch out for the resinous pitch, though, won’t come off your hands unless you douse them in oil or some other solvent.
Many of the nuts will have a little wingy thing attached. This connects the nut to the cone. Toss it. You’ll notice that the nuts range from big to small, and from shiny brown to matte charcoal-black. My experience is that the darker the nut is on the outside, the better the nut is inside. Toss nuts with holes in them; some bug has gotten to it before you.
These are the nuts you are looking for:
That does not mean you should toss all the brown nuts, however, but once you crack them you will find you’ll get a larger percentage of aborted nuts with the lighter-colored nuts. What’s an aborted nut? Apparently, when a gray pine is stressed by heat — this happens mostly at lower elevations — the tree will abort many of its nuts. You can’t tell which are good and which are back until you crack them, but this is what the aborted nut looks like:
To crack a pine nut, you will need vise grips. This is a main reason why gray pine nuts are not sold commercially. The shell is thick, and very, very hard. You can crack the “good” piñon pine nuts of the desert between your teeth, and some innovative souls in Nevada have designed shellers for them. These will not work with the gray pine nut, which has a shell only marginally softer than the dreaded black walnut.
But the vise grips make short work of them. The shells are not circular in cross-section, they are ovals. You crack them along the thin part of the oval, setting the grips at the right spot to just barely crack the shell. You get the hang of it quickly. I can crack nuts reasonably fast this way, but it’s still work. If you don’t have vise grips, use a hammer. I found the best way to open a gray pine nut without pulverizing it was a tap-TAP! with the hammer. All you want to do is crack the shell.
Once cracked, you now need to extract the nuts from all those shells. It’s not as hard as fishing out the goodies from black walnuts, but pine nuts are soft and break easily. The paper skins come right off once the nuts are out of the shell. And those that don’t come off when you toast your pine nuts in a hot frying pan.
What keeps you going with this process is flavor. My friend Charlie insisted that gray pine nuts were better tasting than store-bought. He’s right. Better texture, bigger pine nut flavor. Only the Italian pine nut tastes better, to my palate. Each little nut you free from its shell becomes a gold nugget: Pesto? A cream sauce for pasta? Muffins? A crust for meat? Cookies?
MORE ON PINE NUTS
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Japan has vowed to locate the remains of an estimated 12,000 troops still missing since the Battle of Iwo Jima, a landmark World War II clash that killed nearly every Japanese soldier stationed on the remote Pacific island. Recently, documents from the U.S. National Archives helped lead recovery workers to two mass graves that may hold the bones of up to 2,200 Japanese.
Nearly 22,000 Japanese perished during the brutal Battle of Iwo Jima, which began when U.S. forces invaded the Pacific island on February 19, 1945. Now, 66 years later, Japan’s prime minister, Naoto Kan, has pledged to exhume and repatriate the remains of the estimated 12,000 soldiers who are still classified as missing in action there.
“There are still many people who died in the war waiting to come back home,” Kan said on February 16, 2011, at a ceremony during which recovery workers handed over the remains of 822 soldiers found last year to the Japanese government. “We will continue to make it the responsibility of the government to retrieve the remains of the war dead as soon as possible.”
Until recently, recovery efforts have proceeded slowly, complicated by the network of tunnels and bunkers that snakes across the volcanic island and the fact that few Japanese soldiers wore forms of identification. But the ongoing project got a major boost from new research by Japanese officials at the U.S. National Archives in Washington, D.C., that yielded documents pinpointing “enemy cemeteries” on the island. Based on this information, in October 2010 civilian volunteers uncovered two mass graves that may contain the bones of up to 2,200 Japanese soldiers.
A major turning point in World War II, the Battle of Iwo Jima claimed the lives of roughly 8,000 Americans and virtually every Japanese soldier stationed on the island, with some dying by ritual suicide. In the United States, many associate the bloody confrontation with Joe Rosenthal’s Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph of U.S. marines raising the Stars and Stripes on Mount Suribachi, a key position that had been the center of Japanese defense, on February 23, 1945. Fighting raged on until March 16, when a U.S. Navy military government was established.
Returned to Japan by the United States in 1968, the island, located 780 miles south of Tokyo, is now home to a naval air base operated by the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) and inhabited by 400 soldiers. In 2007, the government officially reinstated its original name of Iwo To, by which it was known prior to World War II, when Japanese navy officers mistakenly referred to it as Iwo Jima. The change came after Clint Eastwood’s films “Letters from Iwo Jima” and “Flags of Our Fathers” highlighted the misnomer, inspiring a movement among former island residents—all were either drafted into service or evacuated in the lead-up to the war—and their descendants.
The recently recovered remains will be interred at Chidorigafuchi National Cemetery in Tokyo as the search for more fallen soldiers continues, said Prime Minister Kan, who in December 2010 became only the second Japanese leader to visit the island. “I deeply apologize to the war dead for having them wait for so many years,” he said.
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almude (plural almudes)
- An old liquid measure.
- In Portugal the Lisbon almude was about 4.4, and the Oporto almude about 6.6, US gallons. In Turkey the almud was about 1.4 gallons.
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
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This North Beach establishment has been dishing out Cantonese cuisine since 1980. No serious attention would be paid to. The hotel has a large dining room serving superb local. Southern Indian cuisine is the most popular style of food in most Indian restaurants in the West, and Clinton is known to be a fan of these dishes. Cantonese is one of the most flexible cuisines of the country, and Cantonese cooks will use just about any meat, vegetable, and sauce in their cooking. Find out how vegetarian cuisine differs from what vegans eat. Mississippi also upholds the South's well-deserved reputation for warm, hospitable people; balmy year-round weather; and truly delectable cuisine. refined Japanese cuisine will be served in each room. Cuisine sentence examples. How to use cuisines in a sentence. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. Barbeque is a type of cuisine, just like Cajun, Mexican, or Provencal. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. staples of French cuisine that make dining such a treat. This American cuisine restaurant offers certified Angus beef steak, as well as chargrilled chicken and seafood. Examples of Cuisine in a sentence. The main difference between the Lean Cuisine diet and diets like Jenny Craig or NutriSystem is that Lean Cuisine meals and snacks are as near as your grocer's freezer. The ensuing events had driven the affairs of her, The former is in the Plaza Cataluna, and its. Choose from a variety of spa services, yoga and other wellness classes, and organic cuisine along with fasting options. All Rights Reserved. Learn more. Wish you can benefit from sentencedict.com and make progress everyday! Food London offers a huge variety of cuisines as a result of its ethnically diverse population. Today, Danesfield house has become one of England's leading country house hotels, with an award-winning cuisine and renowned fine wine cellar. Architecturally stunning, part designed by M.H. The adjacent Gelli Farm Restaurant offers a high, 32. Chef Foley was one of the first to tout Midwestern, 55. Those who do worry about the sodium levels in the entrées often limit their salt intake in other ways, such as choosing fresh fruits and vegetables in addition to the Lean Cuisine dinners they eat. think all Mexican food is spicy hot and greasy. The tango is a dance both Argentina and Uruguay practice and there are many similarities in their cuisine. Elizabeth David enthuses about the taste, fragrance and character of Provencal, 29. If your date has a favorite cuisine, try to find a high-class offering of those favorite foods. Service in the dining room is always excellent and the cuisine is always exceptional. With a high standard of cuisine in our Llewelyn restaurant with our wide range of menus to suit everyones taste. At the same time, no matter how much passengers spend on their cruise vacation, they get the same superior service, gourmet cuisine, and engaging activities all passengers enjoy. Creole cooking is a native Louisiana cuisine. Probably the most popular Chinese cuisine by Western standards; it ranks low on the spicy scale. There are world class restaurants opening up all the time that specialize in this cuisine. Key West: While still a U.S. port, this visitor-friendly island is famous for its many bars, regional cuisine, and fun tropical flair. 28. They liked to indulge in fine cuisine. Copyright © 2016 sentencedict.com All Rights Reserved Contact. Fresh seafood makes its way onto Alaskan cruise ship buffets on a daily basis in order to give passengers a taste of local cuisine. Aside from the wine list, patrons especially love the selection of cheeses, small plates and other flavorful cuisines. cuisine in a sentence The only legacy of nouvelle cuisine is the oversize dinner plate. Superb contemporary cuisine places the emphasis on succulent seafood, bolstered by wine selections from arguably the finest cellar in Fiji. The cuisine is based on tropical root crops, plantains, and bananas, with fish as the most common source of protein. Pan-Asian cuisine should be highly suspect for celiacs as soy sauce is often used in the dishes. Essentially it is a traditional wood-faced village inn, offering comfortable accommodation, excellent, 34. Lean Cuisine is popular with Weight Watchers participants as well. rosettes for exceptional cuisine, guests can enjoy a relaxing stay. This recall also has many patrons questioning just how good Lean Cuisines are for you, especially since the company claims to produce a health food. How to use cuisines in a sentence. As a pungent spice and flavoring agent, Ginger also has an important place in the cuisine of countries all around the world. The evening was again reserved for sampling the local cuisine and sampling Belgian beer. In the beginning, dieters eat three Jenny's Cuisine meals and one Jenny's Cuisine snack each day, in addition to fresh fruit, vegetables, low fat dairy, and healthy fats from their own grocery store. Uses considered the gourmand 's oil, it is widely used in haute cuisine. Many people who haven't really experienced true Mexican cuisine (NOT Taco Bell!) There are those who hesitate to eat Lean Cuisine because of the salt content. This recall is very serious and you should heed all the warnings and return any Lean Cuisines that meet the specifications for the recall and get your refund. There are a large number of dishes that make up Chinese cuisine in the United States. cuisine synonyms, cuisine pronunciation, cuisine translation, English dictionary definition of cuisine. The slaves took these discarded parts and, using their native cuisines that they had brought with them from Africa, created the spicy base of what would evolve into Soul food. Say California cuisine and for many the response is a blank stare of wonder. Beijing - Beijing (or Peking) is where the Imperial Cuisine of China originated, and the city is most famous today for Beijing (Peking) Duck. Treat your taste buds to a sampling of the regional cuisines. starred restaurant serving classic French cuisine. You can choose from anything from classic american food, to seafood, to asian cuisine. This Mexican restaurant is known for its fresh cuisine and favorite menu items include poblano chicken, fajitas and soft chicken tacos. A variety of enticing dining options will also be available, from attractive outdoor cafes to haute cuisine of the highest standard. Trompe Le Monde features classic French. By clicking “Accept”, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. "There is all this fusion cuisine, and they abandon mothers'and grandmothers'cuisine ." They do not represent the opinions of YourDictionary.com. When you're trying to lose weight, it seems like an easy solution to pop a frozen diet meal in the microwave, but are Lean Cuisines good for you? If you enjoy rousing activities and delectable cuisine, then you might consider opting for a sailing from New Orleans that includes multiple days at sea, so you can experience all the ship has to offer. You can also enjoy some great eateries, where you can get all sorts of great cuisine including tasty tapas. Along the way, you'll get to enjoy fine wine, scintillating conversation with people from around the world and gourmet cuisine. : 2. cuisine in a sentence - Use "cuisine" in a sentence 1. The new dawn: Cuisine 2000 in its first month of service, August 1985, on to Euston-Manchester run. Take some time while in Santa Fe to ask those relaxing in the downtown areas to recommend their favorite cuisine picks. The skill or profession of cooking unusual or … Located in the Novotel New York, Café Nicole offers French cuisine. J'ai préparé à la cuisine de l'eau, des éponges et des brosses. Many couples are interested in touring famous sites, tasting the delicious cuisine, and experiencing the atmosphere of a foreign country. The Turks brought with them their own cultures and cuisine, spreading this throughout the region. The hotel's original chef, Victor Hirtzler, a former food taster for Czar Nicholas II, is credited with creating the original "California Cuisine".
Native American Government, Citrix Connection Center Startup, Camping Toilet Waste Bags, Aboriginal Or Torres Strait Islander Descent, 00 Flour Tortillas, Orillia Demographics, Is There A Special Relationship Between The Us And Britain, Importance Of Listening, Dark Blonde Hair Boy, Native American Experience Vacation,
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Adoption of green energy will only grow, as technology makes renewables increasingly cost competitive
Opponents of renewable energy—a broad church that can stretch from economists lamenting subsidies’ distortion of competitive markets to climate-change-science deniers, and from hydrocarbons industry incumbents to uncompromising single-issue environmental lobbies—have a problem.
Their inconvenient truth is that these technologies are well on their way to making the most compelling argument for their future expansion, that of making rational and unsubsidised economic sense.
The ongoing recovery in hydrocarbons prices, and, in Europe, by renewed EU emissions trading system carbon market buoyancy, after years of cheap emissions permits, are partial contributors to this greater economic viability. But technological improvement and lower costs within each renewables sector is the most sustainable driver for continuing and accelerating growth.
Wind power costs are clearly on a downward trajectory. In 2017, the UK awarded electricity supply contracts to offshore wind at a guaranteed price of £57.50 per megawatt-hour, almost half the price of previous deals and also significantly lower than the £92/MWh “strike price” agreed for a much more controversial zero-carbon generation project, the Hinkley C nuclear plant.
Barnaby Wharton, head of policy at trade association Renewables UK, says onshore wind could bid even lower, but the current UK government has put its expansion on hold. Offshore wind’s improving economics still mean UK installed capacity will rise to 30 gigawatts by 2030, from 8GW currently, Wharton says.
In more equatorial climes, solar is king. Proposed solar farms have been outbidding alternatives including coal in new Mexican generation capacity auctions at prices down to $17.70/MWh. The US, Saudi Arabia, India, Chile and world leader China have also seen low-priced solar winning bids. Globally, solar capacity is forecast to expand by almost 600GW to 1TW by 2023—more than all other renewable energy technologies combined—according to the recent International Energy Agency’s (IEA) Renewables 2018 report.
Read more: Petroleum Economist
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Most of today's reading programs rest on faulty ideas about reading comprehension. Comprehension is not a general skill; it relies on having relevant vocabulary and knowledge.
Hirsch, E.D., Jr. (2011). Beyond Comprehension: We Have Yet to Adopt a Common Core Curriculum That Builds Knowledge Grade by Grade — But We Need To. American Educator, Winter 2010-2011, American Federation of Teachers.
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REFERENCE LINKING PLATFORM OF KOREA S&T JOURNALS
> Journal Vol & Issue
Journal of the Korean earth science society
Journal Basic Information
Journal DOI :
The Korean Earth Science Society
Editor in Chief :
Volume & Issues
Volume 27, Issue 7 - Dec 2006
Volume 27, Issue 6 - Dec 2006
Volume 27, Issue 5 - Oct 2006
Volume 27, Issue 4 - Aug 2006
Volume 27, Issue 3 - Jun 2006
Volume 27, Issue 2 - Apr 2006
Volume 27, Issue 1 - Feb 2006
Selecting the target year
An Inquiry Activity in the Subject Matter of Earth Science: Apparent Rotation of Lunar Configuration
Kim, Hyouk ;
Journal of the Korean earth science society, volume 27, issue 6, 2006, Pages 591~605
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between lunar and earth rotation, by quantitatively describing the rotation of lunar configuration which is observed during the lunar diurnal motion. Our research suggests that observation of the lunar diurnal motion could be used as a study topic in the earth science courses. The rotation of the lunar configuration is an apparent phenomenon that can be seen when an observer. standing on the ground. looks at the moon as if the lunar dark configuration rotates on the basis of horizontal line. In spite its competence as a study topic because it is observable by naked eyes, there are only few major textbooks that introduce this phenomenon with regard to the earth rotation. Therefore, this study induced the mathematical principle of the lunar rotation in detail and proposed that this could be developed as a scientific inquiry through practical observation. In addition, an analytical proof and qualitative method of explanation of the lunar reverse rotation were also presented.
An Explanatory Consistency of Preservice Secondary Teachers' Explanations about the Lunar Phases
Oh, Jun-Young ;
Journal of the Korean earth science society, volume 27, issue 6, 2006, Pages 606~619
In this paper we investigated the types of the explanatory consistency of preservice secondary teachers in explaining the lunar phase. The explanatory consistencies were proposed into four discrete mental models depending on their attributes. The four types based on the explanatory consistency by the preservice secondary teachers' explanations are as follows: ad hoc expansion, competitive theory addition, transition of unexplainable each, and transition using in context of several situations.
Deformation of Moho in the Southern Part of the Korean Peninsula
Shin, Young-Hong ; Park, Jong-Uk ; Park, Pil-Ho ;
Journal of the Korean earth science society, volume 27, issue 6, 2006, Pages 620~642
The Moho structure and its deformation in the southern part of the Korean Peninsula were estimated using gravity and topography data. Gravity signals from the upper and lower crust were separated using a filter that was computed from isostacy and elastic thickness. The result of this study shows three characteristic features of the Moho deformation. First, the Moho folding structure is parallel to SKTL (the South Korean Tectonic Line), which indicates positive association with the collision of the Yeongnam and Gyeonggi Massifs and repeated compression afterwards. In contrast, noticeable deformation of the Moho was not observed along the Imjingang Belt, which is interpreted as another continental collisional belt in the Korean Peninsula. Second, the Moho beneath the Gyeongsang Basin has remarkably risen; this seems to be the result from both the collisional compression and buoyancy caused by magmatic underplating. Third, the Moho deformation is shallowest in the east of the Taebaek Mountains and deepens toward the west, consistent with the topographic characteristic of the Korean Peninsula of "high east and low west". It can be interpreted as the results of the opening of the East Sea and Ulleung Basin. A tectonic explanation for this could be the ascent of the mantle induced by continental rifting and horizontal extension at the early stage of the opening of the East Sea. The Moho deformation model computed in this study correlates well with the earthquake distribution and crustal movement measured by GPS. We suggest that the compression along the SKTL is still exerted, consequently, the Moho deformation is active, although it may be weak.
Regional Background Levels of Carbon Monoxide Observed in East Asia during 1991~2004
Kim, Hak-Sung ; Chung, Yong-Seung ;
Journal of the Korean earth science society, volume 27, issue 6, 2006, Pages 643~652
Data of the carbon monoxide concentration observed in Mt. Waliguan in China (WLG), Ulaan Uul in Mongolia (UUM), Tae-ahn Peninsula in Korea (TAP), and Ryori in Japan (RYO) were analyzed for a long period between 1991 and 2004. The annual average concentration of carbon monoxide was the highest at TAP
. The seasonal variations being high in spring and low in summer were observed in other areas of Eastern Asia except WLG. TAP was high in carbon monoxide concentration in all seasons compared to WLG, UUM and RYO and shows wide distribution of concentration in the histogram, which is caused by the influence of large-scale air pollution due to its downwind location close to the East Asian continent, China in particular. Also, our data was compared with data measured at Mauna Loa (MLO) in Hawaii. According to the origin of the isentropic backward trajectory and its transport passage, carbon monoxide concentration observed in TAP was analyzed as follows: continental background airflows (CBG) were
; regionally polluted continental airflows (RPC) were
; Oceanic background airflows (OBG) were
; and Partly perturbed oceanic airflows (PPO) were
. The high concentration of carbon monoxide in TAP is due to the airflow from East Asian continent origin rather than that from the North Pacific origin. Especially, RPC which passes through the eastern China appeared to be the highest in concentration in spring, fall, and winter. However, OBG was affected by the North Pacific air mass with a low carbon monoxide concentration in summer. The NOAA satellite images and GEOS-CHEM model simulation confirmed a large-scale air pollution event that was in the course of expansion from southeastern China bound to the Korean Peninsula and the Korea East Sea by way of the Yellow Sea.
Seasonal Predictability of Typhoon Activity Using an Atmospheric General Circulation Model and Observed Sea Surface Temperature Data
Han, Ji-Young ; Baik, Jong-Jin ;
Journal of the Korean earth science society, volume 27, issue 6, 2006, Pages 653~658
The seasonal predictability of typhoon activity over the western North Pacific is investigated using an atmospheric general circulation model GCPS. A ten-member ensemble with different initial conditions is integrated for five months using observed sea surface temperature data for each year from 1979 to 2003. It is shown that the monthly variation of occurrence frequency of simulated tropical storms and the distribution of tropical storm genesis location are similar to those of observed tropical storms, but the model is unable to reliably predict the interannual variation of the occurrence frequency of tropical storms. This is largely because the observed relationship between tropical storm occurrence frequency and ENSO is different from the simulated one. Unlike the observation, in which the tropical storm occurrence frequency has no relation to ENSO, the model has a tendency to generate more (less) tropical storms than normal during El Nino (La Nina). On the other hand, the interannual variation of the mean longitude of tropical storms that shows a close connection with ENSO in both observations and simulations is simulated similar to the observation.
Sedimentologic Characteristics of Tidal Flat Sediments after the Construction of Sea Dyke in Kwangyang Bay, South Coast of Korea
Ryu, Sang-Ock ; Sin, Yong-Sik ;
Journal of the Korean earth science society, volume 27, issue 6, 2006, Pages 659~669
In Kwangyang Bay, the south coast of Korea, surface sediments and sedimentation rates have been investigated to understand the distribution and variation of tidal flat sediments after the construction of sea dyke. The mean grain size of the surface sediments during autumn is coarser, and decrease from winter to summer except for temporarily coarsening in the early summer. The depositional processes are prevalent in spring, while erosional processes are dominant in summer and autumn. This seasonal variation of sedimentary processes show similar results monitored from 2001 to 2003 before the construction of sea dyke. In the northern area of the bay, net annual sedimentation rates show similar results monitored from 2001 to 2003 before the construction of sea dyke. However, in the western area of the bay, net annual sedimentation rates change from erosion-dominated to deposition-dominated environments. It is considered that the western area of the bay is changed to erosion-dominated environments, as a result of the changes of hydrodynamic conditions, caused by sea dyke construction.
CCD Photometry of a δ Scuti Variable HR 2707 (=21 Mon)
Lee, Ho ; Kim, Seung-Lee ; Cho, Sung-Il ; Park, Hong-Suh ;
Journal of the Korean earth science society, volume 27, issue 6, 2006, Pages 670~676
We present a B and V band time-series CCD photometry of
Scuti type variable star HR 2707. The observation was carried out for 45 nights between November 13, 2001 and February 20, 2002 with a 40 cm telescope equipped with a 1K CCD camera at the Korea National University of Education Optical Astronomy Observatory. Through the time-series CCD photometry we obtained 3011 V band and 6562 B band CCD frames. In some of these data, the V band data obtained for seven nights in January of 2002, had been used as a part of a multi-site campaign by Lopez de Coca et al. (2003). To detect pulsational frequencies, we used Discrete Fourier Transformation (DFT) and linear least square method. We have detected eight resonable pulsational frequencies and compare to previous studies we determine
of Lopez do Coca et al. (2003) and
for derived from this study are real pulsational frequencies of HR 2707.
Distribution of Relative Evapotranspiration Availability using Satellite Data in Daegu Metropolitan
Kim, Hae-Dong ; Im, Jin-Wook ; Lee, Soon-Hwan ;
Journal of the Korean earth science society, volume 27, issue 6, 2006, Pages 677~686
Surface evapotranspiration is one of the most important factors to determine the surface energy budget, and its estimation is strongly related with the accuracy of weather forecasting. Surface evapotranspiration over Daegu Metropolitan was estimated using high resolution LANDSAT TM data. The estimation of surface evapotranspiration is based on the relationship between surface radiative temperature and vegetation index provided by a TM sensor. The distribution of NDVI (Normalized Difference of Vegetation Index) corresponds well with that of land-used in Deagu Metropolitan. The temperature of several part of downtown in Deagu metropolitan is lower in comparison with the averaged radiative temperature. This is caused by the high evapotranspiration from dense vegetation like DooRyu Park in Deagu Metropolitan. But, weak evapotranspiration availability is distinguished over the central part of downtown and the difference of evapotranspiration availability on industrial complexes and residential area is also clear.
Roles of Wind Stress Variations in the Western North Pacific on the Decadal Change of ENSO
Lee, Yoon-Kyoung ; Moon, Byung-Kwon ; Kwon, Min-Ho ; Jhun, Jong-Ghap ;
Journal of the Korean earth science society, volume 27, issue 6, 2006, Pages 687~694
This paper investigated the effects of wind stress forcing in the western North Pacific on ENSO decadal change before and after the late 1970s. The SVD analysis of SODA data shows that a positive wind stress curl is dominant in the western North Pacific at the ENSO mature phase, which leads to the ENSO phase change by discharge/recharge heat contents in the equatorial Pacific. Before the late 1970s, the wind stress curl in the western North Pacific was strong. This strong wind forcing that is associated with the fast discharge of heat contents in the equator led to the short period and the weak intensity of ENSO occurred during the 1960-1970. On the other hand, after the late 1970s the relatively weak wind stress curl was accompanied with the long period and the strong intensity of ENSO. The simple coupled model experiments also confirm that the amplitude and dominant period of ENSO decrease when the wind stress curl in the western North Pacific projects more strongly into the ocean at the TNSO mature phase. Our results support that the changes in the behavior of ENSO after the late 1970s are associated with the wind stress variation in the western North Pacific.
Photometric Classification of the Variable Star TU UMi
Lee, Ho ; Kim, Seung-Lee ; Jo, Mi-Sun ; Lee, Jae-Woo ; Park, Hong-Suh ;
Journal of the Korean earth science society, volume 27, issue 6, 2006, Pages 695~700
We present B, V, I time series CCD photometry for the variable star TU UMi to classify its variable type. The observations were performed using 61cm telescope equipped with 2K CCD camera at Sobaeksan Optical Astronomy Observatory (SOAO). Judging from the amplitude ratio
and color variation
. TU UMi should be a W UMa type eclipsing binary. We obtained two primary times of minimum lights (HJD 2453848.0446, HJD 2453848.2309) from our observations and determined new orbital elements (Min I=HJD 2452500.1344+0.37708907
E) for TU UMi.
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About 5 years ago, I was introduced to barefoot / minimalist shoes while shopping for a pair of running shoes.
The salesperson showed me a pair of Nike Frees and explained to me the concept behind this new/old technology.
Since then, I have been a big fan of minimalist shoes. And I’m not the only one. In the past few years, these weird anti-shoe shoes have nudged their way into the mainstream athletic shoe market.
And while the bulk of the market is dominated by Nike Frees and Vibram Five-Fingers, there are a ton of other manufacturers making a wide variety of different minimalist shoes. But since they don’t have big advertising budgets, you have probably never heard of any of them.
That stops now.
A few months back I contacted some of the most interesting manufacturers to see if they would be interested in having their minimalist shoes reviewed by yours truly. And most of them said yes.
Over the next few weeks, I will be posting the reviews.
For today’s post, I thought I should outline the criteria I will be using to review the shoes as well as a brief intro to the theories behind barefoot / minimalist shoes & running.
Why should you wear barefoot / minimalist shoes?
Our ancestors covered their feet to protect them from physical damage (puncture) and unpleasant temperatures (Canadian winter). Since that time, shoe manufacturers have “improved” upon our footwear to the point they have more technology in them than your iPad.
As a result of this shoe tech, humans have modified their jogging/running/sprinting gaits to look more like a natural walking – heel-toe – gait. Instead of using the natural shock-absorbers built into our feet, we rely on our shoes to absorb the shock of a longer heel-toe stride. And this has resulted in a whole bunch of aches, pains & injuries.
The makers of minimalist shoes are creating shoes that:
- Protect your feet from puncture & cold temperatures
- While still allowing your feet to function as originally intended
- And hopefully helping you correct all of the postural and impact related damage you have inflicted upon yourself by running in your cool Nike Shox.
- Protection – If you’re not going to develop thick natural calluses by actually running barefoot, you need to wear a shoe that will protect you from the occasional sharp stone or chunk of glass.
- Proprioception – A bare foot provides immediate feedback to the surface it rests upon. A thick spongy sole…not so much. This can be crucial when it comes to avoiding ankle sprains and wiping out while trail running.
- Natural Foot Movement – Does the shoe allow or prevent your foot from flexing & spreading in order to distribute the load uniformly over the entire foot. This analysis will address shoe width (especially the toe box), arch support, shock absorption, etc…
- Weight of the Shoe – Who wants a heavy, clunky shoe?
- The Drop – Most running shoes raise the heel 22-24mm off the ground while lifting the front of the shoe only 10-15mm off the ground. This difference creates a forward leaning slope which changes your posture and leads to a heel-toe gait which leads a bunch of problems. Long story short, a flat shoe is more natural.
- Shape of the Sole – As your foot spreads, does the protective sole continue to protect your foot from physical damage
- Comfort – Do they feel good on your feet?
- Ease of Use – Are they easy to put on?
- Appearance – Do you look like a freak wearing them? Do you care?
- Ventilation – Vibrams are notoriously stinky shoes…what about the others?
- Durability – I only tested the shoes for a few weeks, so this test is pretty inconclusive.
- Price – Due to my Scottish background, cost is always a factor.
- Application – Is the shoe applicable for everyday use, running, sports, yoga, weight lifting, water sports, beach sports, etc?
Okay, that’s it for today. I should have the first review online this Friday.
- Reebok RealFlex
- Sockwa G2
- Luna Equus
- Skora Base
- Brooks Pure Connect
- Skora Core & Phase
Like this article???
If you like this article, don’t forget to subscribe to @healthhabits. When you subscribe, my friends at MailChimp will make sure to send you an email every time I post something new here at the blog.
As well, you also get access to the series of Supplement Reports that I am publishing this year.
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Anapa International Airport, also known as Vityazevo Airport, is located off the Black Sea coast in Anapa,Krasnodar Krai, Russia.The airport serves Anapa, and the cities of Novorossiysk and Temryuk.
The airport is managed by Basel Aero, a part of Russia’s biggest industrial diversified group Basic Element, which operates four airports across Russia’s Krasnodar region. This includes Sochi International Airport, Krasnodar International Airport and Gelendzhik Airport.
Anapa International Airport handled 1.18 million passengers in 2015, recording a 17% growth year-over-year. The airport was named Russia’s best regional airport in the two million passengers per annum category by the coveted National Airport Infrastructure Show & Civil Aviation 2015.
The airport is served by 20 airlines, which offer services to 40 destinations.
New terminal complex project background
One of the biggest resorts in Russia, Anapa was given federal resort region status in 1994 for relaxation of single children, teens and parents with children. It is the only resort having 42km-long curative sandy beaches and 12km-long shingle beaches.
“The airport is managed by Basel Aero, a part of Russia’s biggest industrial diversified group Basic Element, which operates four airports across Russia’s Krasnodar region.”
Millions of tourists visit the region every year from all over the country and abroad, resulting in a surge in passenger traffic at the Anapa airport.
A significant drop in the service level at the airport has been witnessed as the passenger processing capacity of the existing 5,000m² terminal at the airport is limited to 400 passengers per hour (pax/h).
To ensure a high level of customer service and to accommodate the growing passenger traffic, the airport operator has decided to construct a new terminal complex to handle the domestic operations, as well as modernise and upgrade the existing terminal to handle international operations.
The project will see threefold increase in the total terminal area and increase in passenger processing capacity to 600pax/h.
Construction of the new terminal was initiated in March 2016 with the commissioning scheduled towards the end of 2016. Reconstruction and modernisation of the existing terminal is scheduled post the commissioning of the new terminal.
Anapa airport new terminal features and facilities
The terminal construction project includes construction of a new building, off-site utilities, sewage facilities and waterworks. The new single-floor 11,800m² terminal will be constructed in a rectangular site located north-east of the existing terminal building.
Concessions in the new terminal including the retail outlets, cafes, restaurants and cafes will be organised with a new approach in accordance with the passenger preferences. A special playground for children and a business lounge for business-class passengers will be created inside the terminal.
Latest technology will be integrated into the terminal by using energy-efficient equipment such as solar batteries and environment-friendly material.
Financing for the terminal project
The total investment for the project is estimated at $22m (RUR1.5bn), of which $20.42m (RUR1.4bn) is allocated to the terminal construction.
The Sberbank of Russia approved RUR800m ($11.79m) for the project. The Russian Economic Ministry supported the project what helped Basel Aero to receive a Sberbank loan at a reduced rate.
The design, infrastructure and project documentation for the project was done by Federal State Unitary Enterprise (FSUE) Aeroproject, the design organisation of Russia’s Federal Air Transport Agency (Rosaviatsia).
The technical construction contract was awarded to Stroy International, while Technostroyalliance-Center is responsible for construction and installation of the offsite utilities and engineering documentation.
The facade of the new terminal building was developed by Sergey Shvedov Studio, an urban planning, architecture and design firm based in Russia.
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ATLANTA -- Advocates for medical marijuana are gearing up for a fight in the legislature this upcoming session.
And one local mom is leading the charge.
"It was a kick in the gut, honestly," Katie McKoy said.
McKoy was in the hospital with one of her sons when the legislature shot down a bill that would have given everyone prescribed cannabis oil legal access.
"I got to see the bill fail from the ICU bed," she said.
Now, just eight conditions qualify for the treatment.
Both of her sons suffer from mitochondrial disease, which is covered. But her younger son has a debilitating disease which is not.
"NFB tumors grown on nerve endings throughout his entire body," McKoy said. "He has a brain tumor on his optic nerve and he has a lot of spinal chord tumors."
Currently, in state cultivation is also illegal. So someone with a medical marijuana license can possess it in Georgia, but they can't buy it here.
McKoy said the restrictions place a cruel burden on families who are already suffering so much.
"Why is my child more worthy of a medication even though there are other children who are equally in pain and equally suffering," she said.
State Rep. Alan Peake said they're working with the governor's office right now to expand the list of approved illnesses.
He said they're targeting autism, Tourette syndrome and chronic pain in 2017.
The goal is to get people with these illnesses off of narcotics.
"These kids are zombies when they're on these pharmaceuticals," McKoy said. "When they're on cannabis oil, they're able to wake up; they have a quality of life; they're able to learn."
McKoy said the change is vital for their quality of life.
"I want to see politicicans stop playing games with the lives of those who are suffering.
Peake has not yet introduced the bill because he wants to see how far the governor is willing to go. He said that, ideally, he wants to see legal in-state cultivation of cannabis oil.
(© 2017 WXIA)
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To change from one substance into another; transmute; transform
To change from one form, nature, substance, or state into another; transform:
To change in form or nature; transform; subject to or undergo metamorphosis or metamorphism
(Intransitive) To have a translation into another language.
To change completely; transform, esp. in a grotesque or strange manner
To change the form or appearance of; transform.
To shift; transfer; change; turn aside; divert
Revamp is to repair, restore or give something old a new appearance or a new life.
To change or convert:
To cause to adopt a new attitude or outlook:
(Logic) To change (a proposition) by conversion
To lay aside, abandon, or leave for another; switch:
To assume a certain shape:
(Linguistics) To change (a vowel) by umlaut.
To transfer or shift; now, specif., to change the usual, normal, relative, or respective order or position of; interchange
To make stagnant
To maintain throughout; to keep intact.
Find another word for transforms. In this page you can discover 22 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for transforms, like: transubstantiates, transmutes, metamorphoses, translates, turns, transmogrifies, transfigures, switches, revamps, resolves and renovates.
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Here is the little door
Here is the little door, lift up the latch, oh lift!
We need not wander more but enter with our gift;
Our gift of finest gold,
Gold that was never bought nor sold;
Myrrh to be strewn about his bed;
Incense in clouds about his head;
All for the Child who stirs not in his sleep.
But holy slumber holds with ass and sheep.
Bend low about his bed, for each he has a gift;
See how his eyes awake, lift up your hands, O lift!
For gold, he gives a keen-edged sword
(Defend with it Thy little Lord!),
For incense, smoke of battle red.
Myrrh for the honoured happy dead;
Gifts for his children terrible and sweet,
Touched by such tiny hands and
Oh such tiny feet.
Up to G.K.Chesterton's Works on the Web.
Last modified: 10th January, 2005
De Montfort University, Leicester.
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- 1 click here to download Holcim , fls smidth , Lafarge , Most importnant manuals , most important excel sheets
- 2 click here to download Holcim , fls smidth , Lafarge , Most importnant manuals , most important excel sheets
- 3 Everything you need to know about combustion in Cement Kiln
- 3.1 GAS LAWS
- 3.2 THE COMBUSTION REACTION
- 3.3 THE STANDARD COAL FACTOR, COMBUSTION AIR REQUIREMENTS
click here to download Holcim , fls smidth , Lafarge , Most importnant manuals , most important excel sheets
click here to download Holcim , fls smidth , Lafarge , Most importnant manuals , most important excel sheets
Everything you need to know about combustion in Cement Kiln
Before entering into a detailed discussion on the combustion conditions in the kiln, it is appropriate to review some fundamental Jaws related to gases and combustion. Knowledge of these laws are essential in order for any kiln operator to understand the duties involved in his job. When malfunctions and unusual problems occur, such as chain fires, rapid and unusual temperature rises in tile fuel or firing system, an understanding of these Jaws combined with common sense can make the difference between a potentially serious, out-of-control condition and a safe solution.
All gases, including the hot gases in a kiln, behave in a certain manner under external influences. A perfect gas is one that obeys very closely cer tain physical laws. For all practical purposes, the gases under considera tion in this chapter may be assumed to be perfect gases. Adjustments to ti1e air circuitry of a rotary kiln are part of the responsibility of ti1e kiln operator, hence a basic knowledge of these Jaws is necessary to assist him in making the correct adjustments.
Before entering into a discussion of the gas laws, the reader is reminded that pressures and temperatures used in ti1e following equations are absolute. Absolute values are determined:
a) by adding 460° to the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit, g., 60°F = 520° absolute.
b) by adding atmospheric pressure to gauge pressure; while atmospheric pressure varies with altitude and weather conditons, it is sufficiently accurate for these computations to use 7, i.e., 50 psi gauge = 64.7 psi absolute.
In a like manner, CGS units are obtained by adding 273 :u the temperature in degrees centigrade, and 76 to the pressure in centimeters of mercury.
In 1662 Robert Boyle expressed tl1is law as follows:
Under constant temperature, tl1e volume of a given mass of gas varies inversely as the pressure upon it. In other words, pressure times volume, at constant temperature, is a constant expressed mathematically
Similar to the discovery of Boyle, Jacques Charles in 1787 discovered that the volumes occupied by a given mass of gas at different temperatures are proportional to tl1e absolute temperatures of the gas provided the pressure remains constant.
All gases expand when the temperature is raised. If the temperature of a gas is raised 1 F, it will expand 1/460 of its original volume. In CGS units, a temperature rise of 1 C will result in an expansion of 1/273 of the original volume
Finally, there was Joseph Gay-Lussac who, early in the 19th Century, delved further into the action of gases, and developed the law that bears his name, which states that the pressure exerted by a given mass of gas will increase in proportion to the temperature if the volume is held constant. All unit again are in absolute values.
A General Law.
Now reviewing the above three basic gas laws, it becomes apparent that a general law can be stated, based on all three of the basic laws. The general equation is:
These gas laws can help a new operator to understand some of the fundamentals in kiln control. They are the solutions to some common basic control problems an operator might be confronted with on an almost daily basis.
THE COMBUSTION REACTION
Successful operation of a rotary kiln requires an adequate source of heat that will first raise the kiln to the desired operating temperature, and will then maintain this temperature by compensating for the various heat losses occurring in the kiln system, including the heat required for the process. The required heat is obtained by combustion of the fuel, a chemical reaction in which carbon, C, hydrogen, Hz, and sulfur, S, in the fuel combine with oxygen , in the air. To obtain combustion, two requirements must be fulfilled:
- sufficient oxygen must be present to mix with the fuel, and
- a certain temperature must be maintained to ignite the fuel oxygen
An operator must always remember the triangular relationship that leads to combustion:
If any one of the three links is missing, no combustion will take place. If there is not enough air in the kiln, there will be no proper fire. Likewise in a dry or wet kiln, too much heat and air in the chain section will result in chain fire because chains contain carbon which acts as fuel. In order to stop a fire, the elimination of one of the components of the triangle is necessary, e.g., choking off the oxygen (air) supply. This will be discussed in greater detail later on. In addition, firing conditions inside the kiln must be such that the fuel particles undergo complete combustion while the fuel is still in suspension in the kiln atmosphere.
THE STANDARD COAL FACTOR, COMBUSTION AIR REQUIREMENTS
To determine the approximate combustion air needed to bum a given unit weight of coal, the formulas given below can be used when no ultimate coal analysis is available. The combustion air requirements here include 5 percent excess air.
Here it can be seen why gas- and coke-fired kilns tend to have their ignition point of the flame much further back in the kiln than coal or oil fired kilns. In addition, combustion in a kiln requires that sufficient time must be available to accomplish complete combustion while the fuel is in suspension in the kiln atmosphere.
These equations for complete combustion indicate that when fuel is properly burned, 1 part of carbon will combine with 1 part of oxygen to form the combustion product carbon dioxide. However, when incomplete combustion takes place, then instead of carbon dioxide the combustion product is carbon monoxide:
Oxygen needed for combustion originates from the air which is forced into the kiln. Air consists mainly of 78 volumes (76% by weight) of nitrogen and 21 volumes (23% by weight) of oxygen. Thus, it is necessary to introduce approximately 5 volumes of air for each volume of oxygen needed to obtain complete combustion. The nitrogen contained in the air does not enter the combustion process, only the oxygen reacts with the carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur to form the combustion gases.
Effect of Kiln Air on Combustion Efficiency.
It should now be apparent to the readers that control of the air supply for the kiln is as important as control of the fuel rate, because each is dependent on the other in their effect on combustion. In the following it will be shown tl1at too little air (deficiency) as well .as too much air (excess) is harmful to the economical operation of a rotary kiln.
When combustion is incomplete because of a deficiency of air, approximately 4500 Btu are released when one pound of carbon is burned to carbon monoxide. However, under conditions of complete combustion in burning the same amount of carbon to carbon dioxide, 14,500 Btu will be released, a difference of I 0,000 Btu between complete and incomplete combustion, a clear indication of the importance of having at all times enough air available to accomplish complete combustion of the fuel. It should be pointed out that a rotary kiln, for safety reasons, is never allowed to be operated with such a deficiency in air supply. There is no·room for any compromise in such a situation; the operator must do everything in his power to again obtain complete combustion of the fuel within seconds after the first indication of incomplete combustion is given. It is definitely the wrong procedure to increase the fuel rate at a time when a deficiency of air is already present and the burning zone starts to lose temperature.
More common is a rotary kiln operating with a large percentage of excess air, usually resulting from inefficient attendance of the kiln by the operator. The question might be raised now why too much air is also harmful to the efficient operation of a kiln, the reasoning being that with plenty of air available a total burning of the fuel will with certainty be secured. However, operating a kiln with a large percentage of excess air increases heat losses to the rear of the kiln and lowers the flame temperature. Furthermore, any excess air not required for combustion consumes valuable heat because this air too will be raised to the operating temperature of the kiln. In short, by consuming heat to raise the temperature of the excess air, less heat will be available for the actual burning process of the material in the kiln.
G Martin,3 in an extensive study of the thermodynamics of rotary kilns, has calculated that for every 1% of free oxygen present in the kiln exit gases, there is a loss of 0.4449 tons of fuel for every 100 tons of coal burned. That is, 0.4% of the heat introduced into the kiln by the fuel will be lost for each I% free oxygen in the kiln exit gases. Consider, for example, a kiln producing 2040 tons clinker per day at an average specific consumption of 4.4 MBtu/ton clinker when the exit gas oxygen content is 1.5%. Burning the same amount of clinker per day but with 4.5% oxygen in the exit gas would result in a loss of 120 MBtu because of the excess air admitted to the kiln. At a common price of $1.80 per MBtu, roughly $67,000 per year would be lost
Determining Excess or Deficiency of Air.
The foregoing discussion naturally leads to the question: How does an operator know when the kiln is operating with too much or too little air?
To assist the operator, analyzers are available that continuously deter mine the amount of oxygen and combustibles (carbon monoxide) in the kiln exit gases. Other analyzers, less frequently used, are available for determining carbon dioxide content. The Orsatt apparatus is used for making periodical analyses of gas samples to determine oxygen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide content
The percent oxygen contained in the kiln exit gases gives the best indication of the combustion condition in the kiln because this oxygen is directly related to the amount of air introduced and the amount of oxygen taken up during the process of combustion. We know that air contains 21% oxygen by volume. If there were no combustion reaction in the kiln, the same percentage of oxygen would be in the air leaving tl1e kiln. How ever, because combustion reactions do take place in the kiln, most of the oxygen reacts with carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur to form the combustion products CO, C02, H20 and S02. Thus, when no free oxygen can be found in the kiln exit gases no excess air has been introduced into the kiln.
The percent excess air can be calculated with the formula given by Perry, Chilton, and Kirkpatrick,4 provided that no combustibles (CO) are present in the kiln exit gases:
Fig. 5.1 shows this relationship for a typical rotary kiln.
The percent excess air can also be calculated from the results of a gas analysis obtained with the Orsatt apparatus. The following formula is especially helpful when a gas has a content of less than 1% oxygen because such gases usually contain traces of carbon monoxide also.
Fig. 5.1 Ideal operating conditions in the kiln occur when the kiln exit gas contains between 0.7 and 3.5% oxygen. Zone A indicates an excess of air, resulting in excessive heat loss; Zone B indicates a deficiency of air, resulting in the formation of carbon monoxide.
02 = percentage of oxygen
CO = percentage of carbon monoxide, and
N2 = percentage of nitrogen
Incomplete combustion is easily recognized when any percentage, regardless of how small, is indicated on the combustible (CO) recorder. As stated earlier, a rotary kiln is never allowed to operate under conditions of incomplete combustion which means that at no time should there be any carbon monoxide present in the kiln exit gases.
Now consider the question of just what constitutes the ideal operating condition for efficient combustion and kiln control. At this poin theory and practice are apt to take divergent paths. Many viewpoints and opin ions, some good, some in error, have been dvanced, so it is well at this point to review the theory of perfect combustion. First, most efficient combustion takes place when there is neither carbon monoxide nor excess air present in the kiln exit gases: that is, the oxygen and the combustibles recorders should botlh have a reading of zero. Second, with any increase of
either carbon monoxide or excess air, valuable heat is lost.
Application of this tl1eory is of value only when perfect combustion conditionS prevail within the kiln burning zone. In practice, however, this condition is rarely attained because many factors associated with design of the kiln work against such ideal conditions.
A typical example that spotlights this fact is the common observation that a small percentage of carbon monoxide can be found in the exit gases while at the same time there is also a small percentage of free oxygen pres ent. This is in direct contradiction to the combustion theory that carbon monoxide shows only after all the excess air has been used up; that is, after the oxygen level has fallen to zero. In many instances the Orsatt analysis or the recorders have shown combustibles at oxygen· readings in the rang·e of 0.7%. This indicates that inefficient conditions are present when oxygen drops below 0.7%. The operator can observe the effects of changes in oxygen on tl1e flame itself. If, for example, the kiln is operat ing at an oxygen content of 0.7% and the fuel rate is increased without an increase in the air flow in the kiln, such an action will cause a change in the color of the flame, the flame taking on a darker color at its outer rim, a sure sign that t11e flame temperature is dropping.
Through experience it has been found that a rotary kiln operates best when the kiln exit gases have an oxygen content of not less than 0.7% and not more than 3.5% under stable operating conditions. The optimum target point is between 1.0 and 1.5% oxygen. In addition, under no circumstances should there be any carbon monoxide present in the kiln exit gases. The given targets and ranges for oxygen levels do not apply at times when the kiln is in an upset condition.
New and more advanced types of gas analyzers have recently been installed in many kilns. These advanced technology analyzers are capable of detecting and recording minute traces of gas components such as 02> C02, CO, as well as S02 and NO,. Recordings on these units are usually in terms of ppm (parts per million) instead of percentages.
The thing to remember is that conventional gas recordings will only indicate the presence of CO when it exceeds approx. 500 ppm whereas the newer analyzers are capable of recording contents as low as 10 ppm. It is therefore necessary to reword the above-mentioned operating rule and state that immediate counteracting moves must be made whenever the kiln gases contain more than 100 ppm (0.01%) CO.
The fact that both too little and too much air for combustion is detri mental for fuel economy, has led to the practice in some plants of main taining a constant fuel-to-air ratio at all times when the kiln is operating, even reaching the stage on some kilns in which controllers automatically adjust the total mass of air entering the kiln whenever a change in fuel rate is carried out. Although such an approach is fully justified from the viewpoint of combustion efficiency, it is not conducive to overall operating stability of the kiln.
Furnaces with less complex reactions than a rotary kiln can operate efficiently under the above principle. In the rotary kiln, however, there are many more factors that have a direct influence on the stability of the opera tion. For example, an important factor that is neglected when the prin ciple of a constant fuel-to-air ratio is used to control a kiln, is the heat profile through the entire length_ of the kiln. A rigid application of this burning technique causes the temperature proftle to change toward the back end of the kiln.
Table 5.1 shows the results of a burning technique in which the temperature profile has not been considered. Examples A and C follow the recommended practice of controlling the oxygen level within a range of 0.7- 3.5%, and at the same time giving full consideration to the back-end temperature. Example A shows how the fuel rate and the air rate into the kiln are proportionally changed with succeeding increases in the kiln feed rate. With each feed rate increase there must be a corresponding increase in fuel rate and air flow rate as well as a rise in back-end temperature to take care of the increased production. This, then, is the procedure for stable kiln operation. Failure to make all these required increases could lead the kiln into an upset. There is little doubt that such an approach as shown in Example A will meet the approval of experienced operators.
Examples of upset kiln conditions are shown in B and C in which the feed rate remains constant. Example B shows the technique of maintaining a constant fuel-to-air ratio; that is, the oxygen percentage remains constant. This results in uniform combustion but very serious fluctuations in burning zone and back-end temperatures. Changes in back-end temperature result in uneven feed preparation (drying, calcination) in turn creating cycling operating conditons. Because ti1e feed rate is constant, heat distri bution should be unchanged to maintain the same drying and calcining conditons.
Example C is the recommended procedure for kiln upsets in which an attempt is made to maintain back-end temperature constant. Small adjustment are made to the induced draft fan speed to compensate for the temperature drops or rises that occur in the back end due to changes in the fuel rate.
The preceding discussion of combustion has centered on and is applicable to f1ring systems where the air supply to the furnace can be in dependently controlled. In other words, it applies to all kilns (we dry, semidry, preheater) that have one single-firing system in the lower part of the kiln (burning zone). It also applies to precalciner kilns that have ter tiary air canting from the cooler for the flash furnace. The discussion on the proper air supply to the kiln and the optimum percent of excess air does not apply to precalciner kilns where all the air for the precalcining chamber (flash furnace) originates from and goes through the rotary kiln (i.e., no tectiary air duct present). In such kilns one single air-supply route must serve two combustion processes namely the flames in the burning zone and the flash calciner. Obviously, the excess air at the rotary kiln back end must be much higher otherwise incomplete combustion will take place in the flash furnace. Excess air from 60-90% at the feed end is not uncommon on such kilns. Through experience it has become known that large percentages of excess air renders a kiln inefficient by lowering the thermal level of the gases. As a whole, such a precalciner might be efficient but the fact remains that the burning of the fuel in the burning zone is done by large amounts of excess air hence no optimum conditions prevail here. This, too, is the reason why a precalciner, without tertiary air duct, usually does not achieve the high output rates that a pr calciner of equal size with tertiary air duct does.
Combustion air requirements to bum fuel (solid or liquid) can be calculated as follows:
Products of combustion are mathematically detemined by the following formulas:
Carbon Dioxide in the Kiln Exit Gases.
The percent of oxygen in kiln exit gases is solely a function of the amount of air introduced into the kiln and the amount of air consumed in combustion of the fuel. In contrast to this, the percent of carbon dioxide in the exit gases is influenced by calcination of the raw feed in the kiln as well as by combustion.
When burning pulverized coal under perfect conditions, that is, when no excess air is present in the kiln gases, a maximum of about 18.3% C02 would result from the combustion if there were no evolution of C02 from the raw feed in the kiln. For fuel oil this value is about 15.8%, and for natural gas, 12.2%. These percentages are obtainable only when perfect combustion conditions prevail in the kiln, which is very seldom the case. Any excess air present will cause a reduction in the percent of C02 in the gases. However, analysis of kiln exit gases in a cement plant shows a percentage between 22 and 28% C02. Therefore, a portion of the C02 in the kiln exit gases must originate from calcination of the raw feed.
Assunting that the C02 originating from the kiln feed remains constant, then any drop in C02 in the exit gases indicates an increase in air in the kiln. Knowing that a rise in excess air results in poorer fuel efficiency, it is then true that a decrease in C02 in the exit gases indicates a higher heat consumption for each ton of clinker burned. Hence the operator should try to obtain the maximum percentage of C02 possible during normal operation of a kiln.
If the only function of the C02 analyzer were to indicate fuel efficiency, there would be no reason for its use as this information is available from the oxygen analyzer. The conditions under which a carbon dioxide recorder becomes of value is when calcining conditions change in the kiln, that is, when the kiln is in an upset state. A change in the feed rate (including the dust return rate, if any), feed composition, or feed advancement within the kiln, can result in a change in the C02 content in the exit gases even at constant combustion conditions in the burning zone. The reason why the C02 changes in these instances is because more feed, less feed, or different feed, is being calcined in the kiln.
Changes that occur in- the calcining zone cannot be seen by the kiln operator when he looks into the kiln to observe the burning zone because calcining takes place behind the burning zone. For this reason, a change in the character of the feed bed could occur unknown to the operator until it later becomes visible in the burning zone. Most common of such occurrences are kiln feed dust waves that flush at high speed into the burning zone, the arrival of large chunks of scale, or a change in the amount of feed entering the burning zone. By the use of a carbon dioxide analyzer and recorder, the operator is able to recognize such changes before they become visible in the burning zone, thus giving him time to make the necessary adjustments in the kiln control variables sooner than he could without the analyzer. If the operator notices an increase or decrease in the carbon dioxide recording, no adjustments having been made to such variables as fuel rate, air flow rate, or kiln speed, he knows that some change has taken place in the calcining zone. This is an early warning of possible changes in burnability that will soon occur. Once an operator has become accustomed to a particular kiln, he will know what settings in C02>02, fuel rate, feed rate, and other variables will most likely result in an efficient and stable kiln operation for a given feed composition ..
A carbon dioxide analyzer is also helpful in obtaining stable operating conditions again after a kiln upset. Assuming that the kiln has been in an upset condition with oxygen lower and C02 higher than normal, then when the recorders start to show an increase in oxygen, with the corresponding decrease in C02 without any change in feed rate, the operator will know that calcining conditions behind the burning zone are improving and he can expect an increase in burning zone temperature within a few minutes.
Proper combustion requires that the kiln be operated in such a manner that:
- The kiln exit gases have an oxygen content of not less than 7% nor more than 3.5% under normal operating conditions.
- The kiln exit gases contain no carbon
- The kiln exit gases contain the maximum percentage of carbon
In addition, the operator should:
4- Strive for optimum combustion conditions at all times by stabilizing kiln gas oxygen content between 0 and 1.5%.
5- Take immediate steps to eliminate combustibles in the exit gases whenever any carbon monoxide is detected therein.
In preheater and precalciner kilns it is of interest to note by how much (percent) the kiln feed is calcined after it leaves the preheater vessels and enters the rotary kiln proper. The laboratory checks this by analyzing the feed before and after the preheater tower, then calculates the result as follows:
In the second group are the variables over which the kiln operator has control in order to obtain desired flame characteristics. These are:
Group 2 Fineness of the coal burned Temperature of the fuel oil Temperature of primary air
Temperature of secondary air
Flow rate of primary air Flow rate of secondary air Fuel rate
Burning zone wall temperature
Position of the burner
Degree of purity (dust concentration) of combustion air entering the kiln
Cross-sectional loading of the kiln
Air requirement of the fuel
Density of the primary stream (primary air plus fuel)
Density of the combustion gases
The nine italicized variables are the ones indicated by Gygi* as being the most important factors affecting the flame in a rotary kiln. A change in flame characteristics will take place whenever one of the variables in either group is changed. If the change results in a dangerous or undesirable flame, one or more of the other variables must be adjusted to counteract the bad flame condition.
Flame characteristics can vary considerably from one cement plant to another, sometimes even from one kiln to another in the same plant. The reason for this is that a flame must always be tailored to existing kiln designs and prevailing operating conditions. Clinker quality, refractory, presence of rings, and kiln equipment problems force an operator to obtain a certain flame that best fits the actual conditions in the particular kiln under consideration.
As a general rule in flame control, one should attempt to obtain the shortest possible fire and the highest possible flame temperature without adversely influencing clinker quality, coating formation, ring formation, and refractory life, or causing damage to the kiln equipment in the discharge area. Furthermore, the flame must not cause overheating in the burner hood, kiln discharge end, or cooler. Once the ideal flame characteristics have been obtained, the operator should make every effort to operate the kiln in such a fashion as to cause a minimum of disturbance to the flame. A flame should not willfully be changed during the course of kiln operation unless specific conditions necessitate a change.
Now consider in detail the several flame characteristics that were mentioned at the beginning of this chapter, and how these characteristics can be modified.
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Friday, July 29, 2005
Attorney general Carter appoints state's first solicitor general
According to this story today by Kevin Rader on the WTHR 13 website, Attorney General Steve Carter has created a new office of solicitor general and named attorney Thomas Fisher as the first to fill that position. A quote:
Indianapolis, July 28 - Indiana Attorney General Steve Carter made an announcement Thursday. "Today we come here to recognize that official, Thomas Fisher, as the state's first solicitor general."I was unable to find information about this appointment on the AG's somewhat limited website, but did find the press release quoted in full here at the Inside Indiana Business site. Some quotes:
As such Fisher will handle constitutional challenges as well as other cases of vital interest to state government.
Indianapolis - Attorney General Steve Carter has named Special Counsel Thomas M. Fisher to the new position of Solicitor General. The solicitor general will be assigned specific cases of constitutional challenges as well as other cases with issues of vital interest to state government. The solicitor general will also review and make recommendations to the Attorney General on the state's participation in filing or signing amicus curiae, or "friend of the court," briefs.Here is an August 16, 2003 ILB entry (interestingly titled "A Solicitor General for Indiana?") on the "increasingly popular concept of the state solicitor general." It includes quotes from a still available 2003 Tony Mauro article headlined: "Stating Their Case: Lawyers with hopes of on appellate career are increasingly taking jobs as state solicitors." A few quotes from the article:
"Tom has a thoughtful, thorough approach to litigation that has served our state well over the past several years as special counsel," Attorney General Carter said. "The complex nature of constitutional challenges and other cases against the state require a dedicated individual with in-depth knowledge and experience with such challenges. That person is Tom. His excellent record before the Indiana and United States Supreme Courts is invaluable as we continue to seek methods and processes to enhance the state's legal arguments and decision making."
The solicitor general will be responsible for handling cases before the Supreme Court of the United States and will consult with the appellate division of the Attorney General's Office concerning civil appellate case strategy. It is anticipated that this new focus and organizational structure will provide the attorney general with a more comprehensive and coordinated legal policy review. It is also the first of several restructuring initiatives Carter has planned for the office during his second term. * * * Indiana joins 30 other states that have the position of solicitor general.
"Nationally, the position of SG has expanded dramatically. It's a great attraction for young lawyers who want to get out there and actually argue cases." Cruz will be handling as many as three Supreme Court cases in the upcoming term, and arguing one or more.
While notable in itself, the law clerk trend is a telling sign of another important development in the appellate landscape: the increasing number, allure and prestige of state solicitor generalships. Private law firms and the U.S. solicitor general's office are no longer viewed as the only springboards to top-notch appellate experiences. And the states, with increasing clout and legal savvy, are taking advantage of the new talent knocking on their doors.
Fully 29 states now have their own SGs, up from eight only 15 years ago. California recently joined the list with its first SG, Manuel Medeiros.
"Every year we add a few, it seems," says Missouri's SG, James Layton, author of a recent law review article on the rise of state SGs.
States have long had appellate section chiefs who specialized in state and federal appeals, he notes. But by moving to the solicitor general title and model, states are trying to increase the professionalism and quality of the work. "It gives the attorney general a sort of a legal scholar on staff, typically someone who did not work in his or her campaign, someone who might think differently from the other lawyers," Layton says.
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At about 05:45 hrs on Thursday 11 January 2018, a car collided with a freight train which was standing on the down Skellow line with its rear wagon partially blocking Stainforth Road automatic half-barrier (AHB) level crossing. The car driver suffered minor injuries in the collision and their car was severely damaged.
Despite the presence of the train at the crossing, Stainforth Road AHB level crossing was open to road traffic when the collision occurred. This meant that its road traffic signals were not illuminated and its half-barriers were in the up position. At the time the accident occurred it was dark. The crossing is not illuminated and its rural location means that there are no ambient light sources nearby.
The design of this crossing results in the requirement for down trains to cover a distance of around 28 metres to clear the road surface after the re-opening sequence has been triggered. For trains travelling close to the maximum permitted line speed of 50 mph (80km/h), the time needed to clear the crossing is well within the approximately seven seconds required for the re-opening sequence to be completed. However, for trains travelling at very slow speeds, or where trains stop with the rear wagon close to the crossing and blocking the road, the crossing can potentially re-open to road users while such a train is still on it.
Our investigation into the accident will determine the sequence of events leading to the collision. It will also include consideration of:
- the design of this level crossing and relevant risks associated with it
- whether similar designs are in use at other locations
- the actions of the railway staff involved in the operation of the train
- any underlying management factors
We will publish our findings, including any recommendations to improve safety, at the conclusion of our investigation. This report will be available on our website.
You can subscribe to automated ema
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Solar causes of the long-term increase in geomagnetic activity
Stamper, R., Lockwood, M., Wild, M. N. and Clark, T. D. G. (1999) Solar causes of the long-term increase in geomagnetic activity. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104 (A12). pp. 28325-28342. ISSN 0148-0227
To link to this article DOI: 10.1029/1999JA900311
We analyze the causes of the century-long increase in geomagnetic activity, quantified by annual means of the aa index, using observations of interplanetary space, galactic cosmic rays, the ionosphere, and the auroral electrojet, made during the last three solar cycles. The effects of changes in ionospheric conductivity, the Earth's dipole tilt, and magnetic moment are shown to be small; only changes in near-Earth interplanetary space make a significant contribution to the long-term increase in activity. We study the effects of the interplanetary medium by applying dimensional analysis to generate the optimum solar wind-magnetosphere energy coupling function, having an unprecedentedly high correlation coefficient of 0.97. Analysis of the terms of the coupling function shows that the largest contributions to the drift in activity over solar cycles 20-22 originate from rises in the average interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) strength, solar wind concentration, and speed; average IMF orientation has grown somewhat less propitious for causing geomagnetic activity. The combination of these factors explains almost all of the 39% rise in aa observed over the last three solar cycles. Whereas the IMF strength varies approximately in phase with sunspot numbers, neither its orientation nor the solar wind density shows any coherent solar cycle variation. The solar wind speed peaks strongly in the declining phase of even-numbered cycles and can be identified as the chief cause of the phase shift between the sunspot numbers and the aa index. The rise in the IMF magnitude, the largest single contributor to the drift in geomagnetic activity, is shown to be caused by a rise in the solar coronal magnetic field, consistent with a rise in the coronal source field, modeled from photospheric observations, and an observed decay in cosmic ray fluxes.
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Do you know if you’re at risk of developing prostate cancer?
Prostate cancer affects one in seven men, but early diagnosis can dramatically increase odds of survival. In fact, early-stage prostate cancer has a five-year survival rate of 99 percent.
Learn your risk factors
Your personal risk factors are unique to you and your medical history. During your annual physical, discuss how these factors may impact your risk. If your risk is higher than average, your doctor may recommend earlier or more frequent screenings. Common risk factors include:
- Age – By age 60, one in 14 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer. Start discussing screening with your doctor when you turn 40, when risk begins increasing.
- Family history – If you have a father, brother or son with prostate cancer, you are 2-3 times more likely to develop it yourself.
- Race– African-American men have the highest risk of prostate cancer and are 2.5 times more likely to die from it than Caucasian men. Asian-American and Hispanic/Latino men tend to be lower risk.
- Lifestyle factors – New research indicates that the most aggressive forms of prostate cancer are more likely in men who smoke or do not eat vegetables. Men who are obese are also more likely to get the aggressive form of prostate cancer.
Know the signs
Early prostate cancer often has no symptoms, but pay attention for these potential warning signs:
- A more frequent need to urinate, especially overnight
- Trouble urinating: a slow or weak stream, pain or burning
- Pain or stiffness in the hips, lower back, upper thighs or chest
- Blood in the urine or semen
- Erectile dysfunction
- Numb or weak feet or legs
- Loss of bladder or bowel control
Many of these symptoms may indicate other conditions, but it’s smart to visit your doctor to avoid potentially overlooking early-stage, treatable prostate cancer.
Early detection is your best defense against prostate cancer. Request an appointment to discuss your risk factors with a Keck Medicine of USC physician today.
The experts at the USC Institute of Urology at Keck Medicine of USC are at the forefront of prostate cancer treatment – using groundbreaking, outpatient treatments like high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) to precisely target and destroy cancer.
Call (800) USC-CARE today.
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Is Mario Balotelli Bipolar?
Incidents and allegations reported in the media involving Manchester City striker Mario Balotelli suggests the 20-year-old Italian might be suffering from bipolar.
Not that bipolar suffers should be treated differently from any other person in society however, the point of this article is to highlight separate incidents were Mario has clearly demonstrated irrational behaviour.
Mario can't put his bib on, hilarious!
Mario's Maserati supercar has been impounded 27 times.
Balotelli has reportedly racked up almost £10,000 in parking fines and his white Maserati supercar has been impounded 27 times, leaving club officials with the laborious task of collecting the car.
And when police allegedly pulled him over to ask why he had £25,000 in cash on his front seat, the arrogant bad boy retorted, 'Because I can.'
Rio Ferdinand wink.
FA Cup semi-final win over Manchester United and the infamous Mario wink.
And what about the alleged dart throwing at a fellow Manchester City player?
The red card against Dynamo Kiev...
Mario trips Edin Dzeko.
On the other hand Mario has been known to hand money out like confetti to passers by and of course, he has moments of pure genius.
What is bipolar disorder?
Bipolar disorder (also known as manic depression) causes serious shifts in mood, energy, thinking, and behavior-from the highs of mania on one extreme, to the lows of depression on the other. More than just a fleeting good or bad mood, the cycles of bipolar disorder last for days, weeks, or months. And unlike ordinary mood swings, the mood changes of bipolar disorder are so intense that they interfere with your ability to function.
During a manic episode, a person might impulsively quit a job, charge up huge amounts on credit cards, or feel rested after sleeping two hours. During a depressive episode, the same person might be too tired to get out of bed and full of self-loathing and hopelessness over being unemployed and in debt.
The causes of bipolar disorder aren`t completely understood, but it often runs in families. The first manic or depressive episode of bipolar disorder usually occurs in the teenage years or early adulthood. The symptoms can be subtle and confusing, so many people with bipolar disorder are overlooked or misdiagnosed-resulting in unnecessary suffering. But with proper treatment and support, you can lead a rich and fulfilling life.
Does Balotelli suffer from bipolar? The debate continues via our City Chat forum thread.
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By Hossein Bouazar
Transfer of hospital and municipal wastewater to Karun and lack of proper management by Khuzestan governorate. The inadequacy and lack of meritocracy in the selection of governors for Khuzestan and senior executives in the field of environment, water and sewage and municipality has caused a human and environmental disaster in Ahwaz.
Mohammad Javad Ashrafi, director general of Khuzestan’s Department of Environmental Protection, said: “All the wastewater that flows into the Karun River every day has not been treated and there are hospitals that directly transport their untreated wastewater to Karun, which is casing an environmental disaster. It is dangerous and can cause a variety of diseases. “
Hossein Bouazar is a human rights activist from the Ahwaz region in Iran. He writes about human rights abuses committed on the Arab Ahwazi.
Ahwazi Centre for Human Rights
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15 Places That You Can Visit in Monsoon Season in North India
Monsoon is approaching and we all are desperately making plans to spend our monsoon holidays in the best possible way. For those who are thinking of what to do and where to go in monsoon season in Northern India, we bring to you a list of best monsoon destinations from which you can easily choose one suiting your interests.
Monsoon is India is a time that brings rejoice for everyone, be it humans, animals or birds. It’s the time when Rain Gods bless all lifeforms on this planet with freshness and rejuvenation. Nature is at its best with colourful flowers blooming in every nook and corner, birds chirping and calling in joyous moods, lakes and rivers brimming with full sparkle and sky covered in white and grey clouds.
That being said, monsoons is also the time when most of the Indian cities face the worst problems of blocked sewerages, flooded roads with potholes and insane traffic congestions. To get away from all such nuisance and spend some relaxing time enjoying the beauty of nature and soaking your spirits in pristine monsoon showers, the best way is to head to a nice and beautiful monsoon destination. For those looking forward to planning a visit to a monsoon destination in North India, here are few best destinations that can offer you an unmatched monsoon experience.
A quaint little hill station tucked away in stunning Pir-Panjal and Dhauladhar ranges of Indian Himalayas, Manali has always been one of the top tourist destinations in North India inviting hordes of holiday-seekers, honeymooners and adventure buffs from different corners of the country. The tranquil surroundings of this lovely hill resort with thick pinewoods, lofty snow-capped peaks, emerald green meadows and the gurgling Beas River, gives it a perfect picture postcard setting. The picturesque beauty of this scenic hamlet have no bounds during the monsoon season when entire valley gets filled with the soothing music of chirping birds and aroma of burning pine. In such a lovely weather, go out for serene nature walks, relish on hot momos and chilled ice-creams on the mall road or just sit back and relax savouring on hot pakodas, sipping a hot cup of tea and admiring the beauty of distant snow-clad peaks from your hotel balcony. Read more here.
Also referred to as the ‘Little Tibet of India’, Dharamshala is an exquisite hill resort nestled in the lap of snow-clad Dhauladhar ranges. Always covered in the veil of verdant pine forests and lush meadows, Dharamshala provides perfect ambience to tourists seeking a peaceful time away in the lap of nature. What adds to the magical charm of this tiny hill town is its serene aura filled with Buddhist chants, ringing prayer bells and fluttering prayer flags that exuberate a vibe of complete spirituality and divinity. The onset of rains brings in that dash of pristine magic to this pious hamlet that is indescribable in words; there is a nip in the air, mountains are at their greenest, waterfalls are gushing with ample water and the azure skyline is covered in occasional mist and clouds. A hot plate of maggi and momos is just what is needed to add to the fun of monsoon holidays in this captivating Buddhist land. Undoubtedly, one of the best monsoon holiday places in north India, Dharamshala definitely warrants a visit for everyone who loves rains and abundant scenic beauty. Read more here.
Located on the foothills of Shivalik ranges of Garhwal Himalayas in Uttarakhand, Mussoorie is one of the several popular holiday destinations in North India. Set amidst tranquil environs of snow-clad peaks and thick deodar forests, this little hill town makes for a great summer retreat for holiday seekers, backpackers and honeymoon couples. With rains pouring in, the picturesque colonial town transforms into an abode of nature’s spectacle; mountains take a veil of mist and grey clouds, colourful flowers are in bloom everywhere and ‘Kempty Falls’ is brimming with loads of water cascading down the green hills. This is also the best time to go for scenic walks around the town and take in the fresh morning air filled with an aroma of mist and fog, not disturbed by honking of vehicles. With a soft drizzle trickling in, the fun of relishing ‘bhuttas’, ‘popcorns’ and hot ‘pakoras’ while taking a leisurely stroll on the ‘Mall Road’ also has its own unforgettable charm. So, if you are planning for a holiday during the monsoon season, Mussoorie makes one of a greatest choice. Click here to read more.
Located in Himachal Pradesh, the gorgeous hill town of Shimla attracts thousands of tourists every year. The lofty mountain peaks, striking apple orchards and dense pine forests gives this place a perfect setting to spend quiet and peaceful holidays amidst splendid natural beauty, undisturbed and unscathed from city crowds. Tiny wooden cottages, British-era houses and beautiful stone churches of this tiny hamlet give it that colonial touch that simply adds to its picturesque beauty. With monsoon showers, this tiny hamlet bathed in fresh water looks afresh and rejuvenated with greenery all around. Occasional monsoon showers are accompanied with sprinkles of sunshine turning it into a perfect Himalayan scenery directly making its way out from a picture postcard. Mall road and ridge area, during this season, bustles with hordes of tourists, especially couples enjoying the weather and little showers. The toy train ride winding its way through hilly terrains, offering splendid vistas of Himalayan peaks also has its own magical charm under soft monsoon trickles that makes it one of the most romantic and unforgettable experiences of your lifetime. Click here to read more.
Corbett National Park
A paradise for wildlife enthusiasts, bird watchers and nature lovers, Corbett National Park lies snuggled in the lap of Himalayas in Nainital district of Uttarakhand. Covered with dense forests of Sal and bestowed with breath-taking natural beauty, Corbett also provides perfect ambience to holiday seekers have a relaxing time amidst extreme tranquillity and peace. Though most of the zones of the park are closed during the monsoon season, Jhirna Zone and its buffer areas remain open where you can satiate your adventurous desire by indulging in elephant and jeep safaris. A wildlife safari in the deep wilderness of the park has its own magical charm during the monsoon season; this is the time when entire jungle is teeming with greenery at its best, morning air is filled with bird tweets and Kosi River is flowing in its full might. For river rafters, this season is an ultimate delight as Kosi is in its full flow and offers perfect rapids to rafters have a wonderful time braving the strong currents while simultaneously enjoying the scenic beauty of the surroundings. So, for adventure lovers, a monsoon holiday in Corbett National Park makes for a perfect choice. Click here to read more here.
A popular hill resort located in Uttarakhand, Kausani has been blessed with tremendous natural beauty. With its salubrious weather, tranquil settings and untouched scenic charm, Kausani lures hundreds of tourists including vacationers, honeymooners and nature lovers to spend a lovely time amidst serene scenic settings. What makes this place more alluring is its enchanting vistas of snow-clad Himalayan peaks of Nanda Devi, Trishul and Panchachuli that transform into multiple hues of gold during sunrise and sunset, providing a true visual treat to eyes. The towering coniferous trees surrounding the valley complete the captivating beauty of this tiny hill town. As the monsoon showers trickle in, the entire hill town gets covered in blankets of mist and clouds play hide and seek with the azure sky, flowers are in full bloom at every nook and corner and trees are grinning with their wide open smiles. With serenity at its subtle best during the rainy season, Kausani, for sure, makes for an ideal monsoon getaway in North India. Click here to read more.
Known for its exquisite natural beauty and undulated scenic charm, Pithoragarh makes for a perfect summer hideout for people living in the capital region of the country. The place is also a paradise for adventure sports lovers owing to its plethora of adventure activities ranging from hand gliding and para gliding to canoeing and river rafting. Besides being a serene holiday and adventure sports destination, Pithoragarh also holds a great religious significance for Hindus; for it being the home to famous ‘Kapileshwar Mahadev Temple’ and the commencing point for the annual holy pilgrimage ‘Kailash Mansarovar Yatra’. To experience an unparalleled scenic charm of this tiny hamlet nestled in the lap of Kumaon region in Uttarakhand, it is best to be visited during monsoons when the showers bring in an unmatched freshness to this pious land and bestows it with immense greenery and picture postcard perfect beauty. Monsoon is also the time when the silent valley comes to life with chirpings of birds and music of gushing waterfalls. Click here to read more.
Snuggled in snow-covered Dhauladhar ranges and inundated by dense forests of pines, oaks and deodars, Dalhousie is an epitome of nature’s bounty. The town’s splendid natural beauty dotted with emerald green meadows, meandering streams, pristine waterfalls and gurgling Ravi River, makes Dalhousie a paradise for nature lovers and holiday seekers. While the little town is bestowed with immense scenic beauty, plethora of picnic spots and nature trails and treks, making it an ideal summer retreat; the town has its own unique charm in the rainy months. Though it doesn’t rain much, the mild showers bring in that romantic touch to this tiny British settlement that is a dream of every couple; trees are glistening with rain water, air is filled with a misty aroma and clouds are so close that you seem to touch them. It is only during monsoons that you can witness the dream like beauty of this quaint hill destination. If you are looking for a monsoon destination in North that has still retained its old world charm by staying away from commercialization, Dalhousie, for sure, is a great option to look forward to for a holiday. Click here to read more.
The picturesque hill town, nestled in the lap of Garhwal Himalayas in Uttarakhand, Ranikhet is a popular summer and monsoon getaway for people living in the capital region of India. Endowed with immense scenic beauty of verdant forests, hilly slopes, lush meadows, pristine lakes and snow-capped mountains; Ranikhet offers a much deserved respite from scorching heat of summers. The beauty of the town gets doubled during monsoon months when rains bless it with splendid natural charm; entire valley gets covered in carpets of colourful alpine flowers, pines look all the more beautiful and meadows hide themselves in the veil of dewy grasslands. With drizzles and monsoon showers trickling in, the Himalayan peaks also stands glistening and enjoying the game of hide and seek with mists and clouds. Click here to read more.
The land of enchanting valleys, alpine dewy meadows, serene glacial lakes and vibrant Buddhist monasteries; Leh-Ladakh is truly an epitome of natural beauty on earth. The untouched charm and tranquil environments of this quaint little land provides a deep peace and solace to our fatigued souls and bodies that have been withstanding the stress of today’s hectic lives. Most of the hill resorts and holiday destinations during monsoons are ideal for spending a relaxed time in your hotel rooms and not indulging in much of the outside activities. This is typically not the case with Leh-Ladakh as during monsoons, this captivating land does not experience as much rains as other Northern parts of India do, making it perfect for sight-seeing and indulging in adventure activities like trekking, river rafting and mountain biking.
Though Ladakh does not experience much rains, still the magical beauty of this place is beyond words during the monsoon months; many parts of the valley get covered in the veil of vibrant alpine flowers and green carpets of lush vegetation. Fruit orchards of mulberry, peach, apple and plums are also in full bloom and provide for a mesmerising visual treat to eyes.
A city known for its glorious past, opulent palaces, majestic forts and vibrant bazaars; Jaipur lures thousands of travellers, history buffs and scholars from different parts of the world every year. One of the most popular tourist destinations in the North-West of India, Jaipur makes for an ideal place to be visited during monsoons when pounding heat of summers is over and mercury has dipped down to an agreeably cooler temperature. The best part of monsoons in Jaipur is that the downpour doesn’t last for long and there’s an air of intense freshness afterwards. The pleasant weather allows for an enjoyable expedition of the ‘Pink City’. With rains trickling in, the forts look extremely pristine with their lush green surroundings and grey clouds looming the skyline. During your visit to forts and parks during the monsoon, keep your eyes open for peacocks that can be frequently seen dancing with their wings open and filling the air with their joyous calls. Needless to say, not being a peak tourist season, monsoons is also the time when you can enjoy stays in city’s most glamorous resorts at very reasonable prices.
Also known as the ‘City of Lakes’, Udaipur exudes a regal grandeur with its splendid palaces, rustic havelis, idyllic gardens, picturesque lakes and exquisite ancient temples. Surrounded with Aravalli Hills, the city comes to life during monsoon months when the hills and gardens get blanketed in layers of greenery and lakes look afresh and rejuvenated. The ‘Lake Palace’, situated in the middle of Pichola Lake and overlooked by green carpeted hills of Aravalli, offers a true spectacle with its beauty accentuated multi-folds during the rains. ‘Saheliyon ki Bari’ is another great site in Udaipur whose scenic beauty gets beyond words during the monsoon season. With pathways adorned with beautiful flowers and colourful fountains, pools blooming with lotus flowers and sprinkles of greenery adding a magical touch; the gardens casts a spell on all its visitors with its sheer natural beauty. For a more heavenly experience, a visit to the ‘Monsoon Palace’ is a must during monsoon showers to catch a glimpse of spellbinding vistas of the city and its surroundings.
The only hill station of Rajasthan and a home to several Jain pilgrimage sites, Mount Abu is swarmed with many tourists and pilgrims every year. Surrounded with Aravalli Hills, lush green forests and brimming with sparkling lakes, Mount Abu makes for a perfect summer hideaway for people wanting an escapade from the scorching heat of summers. Besides being a great summer holiday destination, Mount Abu also provides an ideal retreat for monsoons when entire region is covered in the veil of greenery and mountain mist, offering a picturesque backdrop to stunning Dilwara temples. Soft monsoon drizzles also add a magical touch to a simple boat ride on the serene ‘Nakki Lake’. The weather during the season is also great for leisurely nature walks and bird-watching.
Also known as the ‘Salt City’, Phalodi is a picturesque hamlet located in the Jodhpur district of Rajasthan. Presenting a unique contrast of salt lakes on one end and the Thar Desert on the other, the village stands in its full glory with royal rustic havelis and ancient Hindu and Jain temples. Not known to many, the place is an ideal getaway during monsoons when this little hamlet transforms into a land of greenery presenting a stark contrast to golden brown colours of sand dunes. This is also the time when hordes of birdwatchers flock to this tiny city to have a glimpse of Demoiselle Cranes, locally known as ‘Kurja’ that fly here all the way from South Western Europe, Ukraine and Poland. Witnessing a cloudy sunset on a salt lake also has its undescribed magic.
Located on the foothills of Shivalik ranges in Ropar district of Punjab, Nangal Wetlands is a home to thousands of migratory birds making it a paradise for bird watchers. Surrounded with Sutlej River, splendid Nangal Lake and captivating hills, the place makes for an ideal getaway for nature lovers and birders, especially during monsoons when the lake and river brims with fresh water and aquatic species attracting hordes of birds searching for food. This is the time when weather is pleasant, greenery is all around and there is ample opportunity for bird watching.
The above list gives you an insight into few gorgeous monsoon destinations, but, before making a visit to these places it is always recommended to study the weather forecast for a hassle free journey and stay. Hope you have a wonderful monsoon holiday this season.
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Inside Mortgage Finance Publications – Nonconforming – Impac Mortgage Holdings is shifting its focus on originating non-qualified mortgages amid losses and layoffs due to a tough conforming.. from Inside.
Conforming Loans Vs. Non-Conforming Loans [Updated for 2017] – If a loan is for an amount above the conforming loan limit, like a Jumbo loan, it is considered a non conforming mortgage loan. Just like how conforming loans are conventional loans, non-conforming loans are often referred to as unconventional loans.
Non-Conforming Loan Programs – MortgageDepot.com – Everything you need to know about conforming and non-conforming loans from Mortgage Depot. The SBA works with lenders to provide loans to small businesses. (800) 535-0270
What is a Non-Conforming Loan? – thebalance.com – Non-conforming loans, also called jumbo loans, are mortgage loans that are made on properties that are not eligible for insurance by the government programs, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.Banks and other financial institutions make loans insured by these agencies who then package them and sell them to investors.
Jumbo Vs Conventional Jumbo Loan and FHA Loan Limits By State | Bankrate.com – What are the FHA and jumbo loan limits in your state?. is insured by the Federal Housing Administration and requires lower minimum credit scores and down payments than many conventional.
Investments, 10E by Bodie Kane Marcus | Suho Yoo. – Davis Medina. Download with Google Download with Facebook or download with email. Investments, 10E by Bodie Kane Marcus
Texas Jumbo Loan digital products; loan package for Sale; Fee and Pricing Changes – texas capital bank, N.A. welcomes Madison Simm to its. California’s Land Home Financial let clients know that it is pricing jumbo 30-year fixed-rate loans like high balance loans. “Delegated to.
Conforming and Non-Conforming Loans: What's the Difference? – The usual conforming loan limit is $424,100, but this figure may be higher for more expensive areas like New York or San Francisco. Read about the down payment, debt-to-income and credit score differences between a conforming and nonconforming mortgage loan.
Chapter 1: Administration, NYC General Admin. Provisions. – The provisions of this chapter shall apply to the administration of the codes set forth in this title and the 1968 building code.This title shall be known and may be cited as the "New York city construction codes" and includes: The New York city plumbing code. The New York city building code. The New York city mechanical code. The New york city fuel gas code.
The Difference Between Conforming and Non-conforming Mortgage. – Any loans that aren’t government-backed, such as FHA, VA, or USDA loans and don’t fall under the Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac guidelines are non-conforming loans. This could mean several things. For instance, any loan amount above $453,100 in a standard cost county is non-conforming.
Jumbo Loans In Texas texas jumbo home loans & Mortgages | Lone Star Financing – A jumbo mortgage is a home loan with an amount that exceeds conforming loan limits imposed by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. In Texas, that value is $424,100. Texas Jumbo Home Loans have no PMI (private mortgage insurance), so the down payments are larger and the credit score requirements are typically no lower than 700.What Is A Jumbo Mortgage Jumbo mortgage – Wikipedia – In the United States, a jumbo mortgage is a mortgage loan that may have high credit quality, but is in an amount above conventional conforming loan limits. This standard is set by the two government-sponsored enterprises, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, and sets the limit on the maximum value of any individual mortgage they will purchase from a lender.. Fannie Mae (FNMA) and Freddie Mac (FHLMC.
NY State Senate Bill S1508A – Create an account.An account allows you to officially support or oppose key legislation, sign petitions with a single click, and follow issues, committees, and bills that matter to you. When you create an account, you agree to this platform’s terms of participation.
Difference Between Conforming And Nonconforming Loans. – Nonconforming loans may also be available to borrowers who have gone through a bankruptcy in the recent past, which may disqualify them from a conforming loan. Shopping for a nonconforming loan
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Today is the feast of St. James, a.k.a Santiago, brother of John, one of Zebedee’s sons. He was present at the Transfiguration and most of Jesus’ miracles. He was the first disciple to be martyred, around the year 42AD.
The martyrdom of St. James is significant in light of today’s Gospel. Whereas he was the first of the apostles to be martyred, he was also one of those who dared to ask Jesus for a special place in the kingdom. Recall that James and John, accompanied by their mother, approached Jesus and asked that they be seated on Jesus’ right and left when Jesus reigns in his kingdom. They were asking for places of honor, the best seats in the house, but Jesus could only ask them in response, “Can you drink the cup I am going to drink?” James and John answered in the affirmative, and indeed, like Jesus, James died for his faith.
There is something in us that wants to be given importance. We feel good when we are praised or affirmed, and rightly so. But sometimes we start doing things for the sake of being praised. While this is a very human impulse, Jesus turns the table on us and says that “anyone who wants to be great among you must be your servant, and anyone who wants to be first among you must be your slave, just as the Son of Man came not to be served but to serve….”
Here we have in summary Jesus’ radical idea of servant leadership. To be great is not to be recognized or acknowledged as such, but to be a humble servant. To be first is not to get ahead of all the others, but to be their slave. This goes against the wisdom of the world. Even when we try to be servant leaders, people can still praise us for it, and that’s fine as long as our motivations are clear. Besides, those moments of praise and adulation do not last. In the end, servant leadership is a lifestyle, something we try to
do day in and day out, especially when no one is looking. It is to fulfill our daily duties and commitments with humility and love, even when we are not appreciated for it. At times we may even be persecuted or ridiculed for our commitments. At times we may have to swallow our pride for the sake of the greater good.
Let us be like James. Let us acknowledge our all too human feelings of self-importance, and then learn to be humble servants of the Lord.
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|Writing cross-assembler email@example.com (1990-11-14)|
|Re: Writing cross-assembler firstname.lastname@example.org (1990-11-16)|
|Re: Writing cross-assembler OS360051@WVNVAXA.WVNET.EDU (1990-11-15)|
|From:||email@example.com (Zikif Hamdy)|
|Organization:||Oregon State Univ. -- Computer Science|
|Date:||14 Nov 90 03:47:36 GMT|
I don't know if this is the right newsgroup but I am desperate.
I am looking for a good book on how to write an assembler. If you have sample
codes, I appreciate if you can share the codes with me. I need a general idea
how to write such a beast.
I have the "dragon" book. Most compiler books discuss high level compilers.
Thanks in advance.
[An assembler is just a simple-minded compiler. The issues are largely the
Return to the
Search the comp.compilers archives again.
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View topic - Katakana Help
I have two questions:
Well, I need a site that has Katakana lessons with mnemonics. I have tried learning here, but the Lessons aren't ready yet. I have learned up to Lesson 4, but I need to keep studying so I don't lose my touch. *Can anyone help?
I was thinking about 'All About Particles' by Naoko Chino. I'm not too great with particles, so I figured that I ought to get a textbook and study. *What do you think about this book? *Also, any other book recommendations are extremely helpful!
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SciShow host Hank Green explains the chemistry behind how glow in the dark toys work. The chemicals at play in the toys are called phosphors, and they emit light after absorbing energy from another source like the Sun or a lamp.
Did you play with glow in the dark toys as a kid? They’re super cool, but kind of mysterious. How do they glow after all? Hank explains the phenomenon in this quick question.
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TO BRING AWARENESS,
ACCOUNTABILITY, & TRANSPARENCY
TO SEXUAL VIOLENCE
AGAINST ATHLETES AT ALL LEVELS
THE ARMY OF SURVIVORS
SUPPORTING SEXUAL VIOLENCE SURVIVORS IN SPORTS
CHANGING SOCIETY THROUGH RESOURCES, ADVOCACY, AND EDUCATION
The Army of Survivors is the only national organization advocating for and supporting child athlete survivors of sexual violence. We focus on these survivors because their numbers are staggering. A recent study indicated that 13% of student athletes are victims of sexual assault through their participation in sport (1).
These athletes need a voice.
Our organization was created by a group of more than 40 survivors of sexual violence. We are a diverse pool of athletes who competed at all levels: gymnasts, divers, runners, softball players, volleyball players, and more. Our combined history and experiences allow us to raise awareness of the systemic problem of sexual abuse against athletes. Our goal is to end sexual assault against young athletes by ensuring perpetrators and enablers are held accountable, creating transparency in reporting, building an environment in which athletes do not fear retaliation when reporting abuse, and advocating for change to protect survivors.
Child USA | Champion Women | MSUFCU | Shinola | SNAP | Me Too MSU | Reclaim MSU | MSU Relationship Violence & Sexual Misconduct Expert Advisory Workgroup | MSU Museum | University of Michigan Ross School of Business | Belles Against Violence | Courage First | HBO | Voices of Hope
Click here to download a guide to a trauma-informed approach to meetings and spaces.
Download Our 2019-2020 Annual Report
Title IX Changes
The Army of Survivors strongly opposes the new rules relating to Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Receiving Federal Financial Assistance.
The rollback of Title IX protections for survivors is devastating. While we advocate for changes within the new Title IX ruling, survivors on college campuses should know they still have protections under Clery Act and Violence Against Women Act (VAWA). Below are some resources to learn more.
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As a rule, public service advertising thrives on shock. Or, at least, the element of surprise sprung on unsuspecting audiences. However, it is due to this unwritten rule that so many public service campaigns fall miserably flat. Because of this perceived need to shock (or surprise), public service ads often become quite heavy-handed, leaving audiences untouched, unaffected and, hence, unchanged.
Heavy-handedness isn't the only reason why shock doesn't always find its mark in public service advertising. The buildup to the shock is also a culprit, at times. Too much revealed too early is a dead giveaway, and it's hard impacting audiences when their defenses are up.
Shock can, however, work marvelously. The trick lies in softening the audience, lulling them… 'unpreparing' them for the shock that lurks ahead. This is where the television commercial (created by Publicis Ambience) for Snehi, a Delhi-based NGO, scores brilliantly. Red herrings, a false sense of security… followed by a nasty dose of reality that blows up in your face.
The film opens on an elderly gentleman seated on a verandah, reading the papers. A young girl of maybe 10 or 12 is singing 'Ol' MacDonald…' as she plays with a soft toy. Suddenly, she breaks into a fit of coughing. The man looks at her, picks up a glass of water from a nearby table and walks over to her side and hands her the glass. He then opens a bottle of medicines, shakes out a tablet and gives it to her. She gulps the tablet down. Then, the man gently leads the girl into the house…
And the camera focuses on the bottle of medicines. The label on the bottle clearly reads: Birth Control Pills.
'Unfortunately, 56 per cent of child abuse crimes in India are committed by family members,' the super states chillingly, followed by an appeal to report child abuse cases to Snehi. For the record, Snehi operates in the sphere of child abuse and crimes against children.
A very unsettling ad, not one you'd enjoy watching over and over. That's why it's good - it's not purely 'showreel material'. It preys (very justifiably) upon parental insecurity by challenging every parent's fundamental sense of security. The wolfish elder in the family, the trusting-yet-vulnerable child, the exploitation of innocence… The reality is way too close for comfort.
But that's not why the ad works. Many parents are already aware of how close relations are perpetrators of child abuse. It's not the '56 per cent' figure either - that's just a statistic. The real reason the ad works is because it delivers on shock. The ad starts off somewhere and ends somewhere else. For instance, even if one guessed this to be a public service ad, one would think of children fighting AIDS or leukemia or some other terminal disease (the girl's cough, the medicine bottle and the tablet serve as perfect red herrings). Never child abuse. So when the contraceptive pills come into focus, the stomach turns as the penny drops.
The ad, interestingly, is the byproduct of a brainstorming session for 'soya chunks' brand, Nutrela. "The brief for Nutrela was to think about montages that showed the effects of a high-protein diet on kids," recalls B Raghu, associate creative director - copy, Publicis Ambience, who scripted the Snehi ad with Manish Bhatt, (associate creative director - art) and Prachi Rashmi (senior writer). "We were thinking of the effects of such a diet, and the mind simply went to a picture of a condom hidden under a young boy's pillow…" Protein diet and oversexed kid. Twisted mind, but what the heck - that's creativity. "The contrast between a kid and a condom was striking, but we couldn't use it that way for Nutrela, of course," Raghu admits.
But it set something off. "A kid associated with a contraceptive was a striking visual, and the more we thought about the visual, the clearer we saw the potential for an ad on child abuse," Bhatt takes up. Mira Nair's Monsoon Wedding chipped in too. "We were watching the movie on a flight, and it must have been there in our subconscious," says Bhatt. "All these things acted together, and soon we created the script for this ad."
Once the script was finalized, friend and ad filmmaker Pradeep Sarkar (of Apocalypso) agreed to make the commercial for them. But Bhatt admits that the real challenge was in casting the elderly gentleman. "The model had to have a look that did not in any way suggest his loose morals," says Bhatt. "As far as the audience was concerned, he had to be totally neutral at the beginning of the film. His true colours had to be revealed only at the end. The ad would not work if the audience guessed the intentions behind his actions." Incidentally, the girl's face is in shadow throughout the ad. Intentionally. "This is a really touchy subject, and we didn't want the ad to affect the girl adversely," explains Raghu. It works on a symbolic level - the victim needs to be sheltered from public glare, but the perpetrator needs to be unmasked.
Once the film was made, the need for a client had to be met. Publicis Ambience began tapping existing NGOs, but there was one overriding factor: the NGO had to have a helpline. "It became clear that the commercial elicited responses, so we wanted an NGO that had a response device such as a helpline," says Raghu. Finally, it was Jagori, another Delhi-based NGO that also works in the area of child abuse, which put the agency through to Snehi. "We had worked with Jagori some three years ago for a print campaign, and when they saw the ad, they immediately recommended Snehi," Bhatt explains. Incidentally, Snehi is a helpline-lead NGO. "Snehi was very receptive. They were very happy because public awareness about child abuse is limited in India, and they felt thrilled that the advertising community was helping is the cause."
Where the ad really works is in its ending. The sight of the man leading the girl into the house is ominous in its subtlety. And the horrors that are to unfold are left to the viewer's imagination… © 2003 agencyfaqs!
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The city in which Abraham Lincoln was nominated for president in 1860 has not forgotten him.
Lincoln at 200 is a collaborative project of the Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission, the Chicago History Museum, and the Newberry Library. The Institute for Museum and Library Services has generously provided funding for this Web exhibition as part of a series of initiatives to commemorate the Lincoln bicentennial. All three institutions collaborated in planning public programs in Chicago for the bicentennial year. Eileen Mackevich, executive director of the Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission, initiated the discussions that led to this collaboration. We are grateful to her and to Jennifer Rosenfeld, deputy executive director of the Bicentennial Commission, for their energetic and collegial participation in this initiative.
The Fiery Trial: Abraham Lincoln and the Civil War is a digital version of a temporary exhibition at Chicago History Museum (October 10, 2009 to April 4, 2010). Abraham Lincoln and the West, 1809–1860 is a Web-only exhibition. The Newberry is one of five sites chosen to host With Malice Toward None: The Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Exhibition, a traveling exhibit prepared by the Library of Congress (at the Newberry Library from October 10, 2009 to December 19, 2009).
The Chicago History Museum project team would like to thank the following people for their help: Dominique Tremblay, Frank DeCurtis, and Meghan Smith, collections managers; Holly Lundberg, objects conservator, Carol Turchan, paper conservator; Debbie Vaughan, Lesley Martin, and AnneMarie Chase, Research Center; and Rob Medina, Erin Tikovitch, and Bryan McDaniel, Rights and Reproductions Department. The team would also like to thank Eric Foner, DeWitt Clinton Professor of History, Columbia University; Russell Lewis, Executive Vice President and Chief Historian, Chicago History Museum; and Thomas F. Schwartz, Illinois State Historian, Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum, for their expertise when reviewing the content of the site.
The Newberry Library project team is grateful to our colleagues for the many ways in which they helped to make this project possible. As an activity of the Newberry’s Dr. William M. Scholl Center for American History and Culture, we are grateful for the support of the Dr. Scholl Foundation. James Grossman, vice president of Research and Education, provided guidance from the early stages. We turned to many staff members for research assistance, including: James R. Akerman, John S. Aubrey, John Brady, Martha Briggs, Diane Dillon, Alison Hinderliter, Robert Karrow, Scott Stevens, and Gail Terry. John Powell and the photo duplication staff deserve special mention, as does the Special Collections staff, General Reading Room staff, and Local and Family History Staff for handling multiple requests with ease. Ann Durkin Keating, professor of history at North Central College, and Eric Foner provided critical review.
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Welcome to American Mosaic in VOA Special English.
I'm Doug Johnson.
Today, we listen to music by John Prine.
And we answer a question about aircraft pioneer Igor Sikorsky.
But first we tell about some congresswomen who share friendship and a home in Washington, D.C.
Congresswomen at Home
The United States House of Representatives has four hundred thirty-five members. Only seventy-three are women. Shirley Griffith tells us about three of these congresswomen who have a special relationship at work and at home.
Carolyn Maloney, Melissa Bean and Debbie Wasserman Schultz work together in Congress each day. They are all members of the Democratic Party. They represent people in the states of New York, Illinois and Florida. After the work day is over, they all go home -- to the same place. They share a house in Washington, D.C., near the Capitol building, that belongs to Ms. Maloney. They have lived together for five years.
Carolyn Maloney says she thought of the Founding Fathers of the United States when she bought the home. The first political leaders of the country often lived in rooming houses. They ate dinner together and shared their ideas.
Since the three congresswomen are all mothers, they have a lot in common. They work in Washington during the week. On weekends, they travel to their home states to see their families. Ms. Wasserman Shultz says the best thing about living together is the friendship they share each evening. They share the good times as well as the difficult times.
For Ms. Wasserman Shultz the bad times started in two thousand seven. She was diagnosed with breast cancer. She is cancer free today, but she remembers how important it was to have her roommates for support. Ms. Maloney says she needed the help of her two friends when her husband died last September. He was on a trip to the Himalayas and died on a mountain trail.
The three Congresswomen will be returning to Washington this month after their summer vacation. They spent time with their families and prepared for the November election. All three women are up for re-election this fall.
No matter what happens, Melissa Bean says their friendship will continue. She says: "You don't come to Congress to make friends, because if you do, you're not coming to be independent and have your own mind. What a great surprise it has been to make such good friends."
Our listener question this week comes from Vladimir in Moscow, Russia. He wants to know about the life of Igor Sikorsky, a pioneer in the world of aviation.
In nineteen-oh-three, in the American state of North Carolina, Wilbur and Orville Wright took off, flew through the air, and landed a powered airplane. When a fourteen-year-old boy from Kiev, Russia, heard the news, his life changed. Igor Sikorsky decided he would study aviation.
The young man began his studies at the Saint Petersburg Naval Academy. Then he studied engineering in Kiev at the Polytechnic Institute. When he was only twenty years old, Igor Sikorsky designed and built his first helicopter.
When it failed, he decided he would try to make airplanes. Success came quickly. In nineteen thirteen Igor Sikorsky built the world's first four-engine airplane. He called it "The Grand." After that he built a larger plane that was used as a bomber in World War One.
Igor Sikorsky moved to the United States in nineteen nineteen. Four years later, he opened the Sikorsky Aero Engineering Corporation in New York. For the next fifteen years he built many new kinds of airplanes. His S-38 amphibian flew through the air and then landed on water. His Flying Clipper was the first airplane to fly forty passengers across the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
In nineteen thirty-eight, Igor Sikorsky began work once again on his "vertical lift machine" -- the helicopter. He built nineteen different models before he found success. Soon his helicopter, the R-4, was being manufactured in great numbers. It was the world's first mass produced helicopter.
The R-4 did not need an airport. It could take off and land almost anywhere. In wartime, it was used to carry troops into battle and to fly injured soldiers to hospitals quickly. Many lives were saved because of this.
Sikorsky spent the rest of his life designing and building aircraft. He was awarded many prizes for his work. Igor Sikorsky often said: "The work of the individual still remains the spark which moves mankind ahead."
(MUSIC: "Glory of True Love")
Singer songwriter John Prine has always seemed to fly a little "under the radar." His folksy, country and soft rock songs are more famous than he is. They have been recorded by artists including Bonnie Raitt, the Everly Brothers, Bette Midler, Johnny Cash, the Seldom Scene and many others. But some fans would argue that no one sings John Prine like John Prine.
The musician has a new album out. And several other musicians have released a separate album celebrating John Prine. Mario Ritter plays music from both new recordings.
John Prine's new album is called "In Person and On Stage." It is a collection of songs recorded live. Prine also tells a little about himself or the songs. This song tells what coal mining does to the environment and the economic disaster that results when the industry leaves an area. John Prine first recorded "Paradise" in nineteen seventy-one.
The album honoring John Prine is called "Broken Hearts and Dirty Windows." It includes performances by Josh Ritter, Sara Watkins and the band Drive-By Truckers. The group My Morning Jacket performs a John Prine song from his nineteen ninety-one Grammy-winning album, "The Missing Years." Here is "All the Best."
In two thousand five John Prine released "Fair and Square." It also won a Grammy for best contemporary folk album. "Long Monday" is one of the songs on the record. He included it in "In Person and On Stage."
We leave you with one of John Prine's best-known songs, "Angel from Montgomery." Bonnie Raitt recorded its most famous version. The band Old Crow Medicine Show recorded it for "Broken Hearts and Dirty Windows."
I'm Doug Johnson. Our program was written by Jim Tedder, with reporting by Ana Ward, and Caty Weaver, who also was the producer.
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Shoulder Pain – Rotator Cuff Tendinitis
The most common shoulder pain located in the front of the shoulder, or pain that occurs when lifting or grabbing things above shoulder height is due to problems with the Rotator Cuff. Common symptoms of rotator cuff injury or strain are pain and difficulty raising the arm. It is painful for many people to lie on the shoulder when in bed, and many waking up at night with pain in the shoulder.
It is painful for some people to attempt and reach behind their backs. Reaching outward and upward can be painful and some feel a lack of strength when attempting to lift objects. The pain may also be associated with degeneration or inflammation of the Rotator cuff tendons leading to Rotator Cuff Tendinitis and what is called ‘Shoulder Impingement Syndrome’, which is caused by repetitive arm movements or long periods with the arm in the one position such as prolonged mouse and keyboard use on computers that irritates and inflames the shoulder bursa. The Bursa are the lubricated bag-like tissues that act to minimize friction and help protect the muscles and tendons when they move against each other.
The rotator cuff is a set of tendons, which surround the head of the humerus (the upper arm bone) to hold it secure in the socket and help the shoulder joint function properly. The rotator muscles and tendons help the arm to rotate at the shoulder joint and to provide a full range of movement.
The rotator cuff can be injured with a fall onto the arm or by jerking a load over head, or when the arm is pulled downward. Injuries to the rotator cuff can cause a tear that may require surgical treatment as they don’t heal readily.
The rotator cuff can also degenerate slightly with age or repetitive use. The pain of Shoulder Impingement Syndrome is due to a pinching action or a rubbing (an impingement) by the tendons causing irritation to the shoulder bursa. People who work a lot with their arms overhead, poor posture and various athletes who use repetitive throwing motions, swimming and tennis, can cause inflammation of the shoulder tendons and bursa. Poor alignment of the shoulder joint can restrict arm movement arm and decrease circulation.
Symptoms of this type of shoulder pain, typically occurring in the front of the shoulder area, are a sharp pain when you lift your arm to front or the side of your body, pain and/or general soreness that developed after repetitive movement or prolonged computer activity and shoulder pain when trying to sleep, especially when lying on the sore shoulder.
People at risk for this affliction include athletes involved in throwing and racket sports such as tennis players, baseball pitchers, swimmers as well as people who use their computers for long periods who repetitively reach forward to move their mouse or to type on their keyboard. People who have poor posture when at the computer (such sitting with rounded shoulders or lower arms not parallel with the desk, and who don’t support their wrists may pinch one or more of the tendons in the shoulder region) run the risk of developing these problems especially in old age. Anyone who reaches over head frequently and regularly can develop this problem. This includes swimmers, waiters, window cleaners, painters.
Common Causes of Rotator Cuff Tendinitis (Impingement Syndrome) are:
- Maintaining your arm in a fixed position for prolonged time periods, such as working on computers, office work or hairstyling, especially with poor posture.
- Sleeping on the same arm or shoulder each night.
- Playing sports that require the arm to be raised above head-height repeatedly such as tennis, swimming,baseball (particularly pitching) and lifting heavy weights above your head.
- Job that require activities requiring the arm to be held overhead for many hours a day (such carpenters, glazers, interior decorators and painters)
- Degeneration, lack of stretching, lack of exercise, or poor control of your shoulder and shoulder blade tendons and muscles.
- Poor posture and non-ergonomic seating positions, may over many years cause degeneration or fraying of the tendons that develops into rotator cuff tendinitis, or even tears.
Ways to Prevent Shoulder Pain includes:
- Adopting proper postures and using ergonomic workstation designs.
- Practicing proper postures when working at desks and when using computers.
- Doing ergocises to strengthen and regularly stretch the muscles of the shoulders and scapular.
- Taking regular breaks from computer work and regular stretching exercises when working.
- Anti-inflammatory drugs.
Self Treatment Strategies
If you have developed shoulder pain that matches these symptoms and is relatively mild and not long lived, it is worth trying some simple treatments at home.
- Strengthening and stretching ergocises for the neck, shoulders and back.
- Installing ergonomic workstation devices and aids and getting advice on posture.
- Minimizing or avoiding overhead activities at least for a week or more until the pain declines.
- Applying ice for 10-16 minute intervals for about 3-6 times per day.
- Massaging the area to alleviate pain.
- Specific rehabilitative exercises recommended by a doctor.
- Professional massage therapy and chiropractic manipulation and professional physiotherapy for restoring muscular balance and flexibility.
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Are you excited to start kegging your homebrew instead of washing bottles every time you brew? A kegging system can save you time and it's great for impressing family and friends, but it can be a little more complex than using low-tech bottles. Here are a few details you'll have to check to get your system working perfectly.
Checking for Leaks
As soon as you keg your first beer, you'll want to check the whole setup for CO2 leaks. Even the tiniest leak will quickly drain your CO2 tank within a day or two. Bigger leaks could empty the tank in a matter of hours. Once the beer is in the keg and all the hoses are connected, turn the regulator dial to about 20 psi. The higher pressure will help seal the lid tightly and you should quickly be able to identify if there are any large leaks around the keg.
After about 10 seconds, listen for hissing coming from around the lid or the keg posts. If the lid is leaking CO2, turn down the regulator, release the pressure in the keg by lifting the ring on the lid, and try to open and close the lid to reset its position. Sometimes it helps to rotate the lid 180° to get a good fit. Turn the pressure back up and check for hissing again.
If you're still having trouble getting a good fit, or if you have hissing coming from the posts where the hoses are connected, try spreading some food grade keg lubricant on the rubber gaskets. A little bit of this jelly-like stuff goes a long way in sealing stubborn gaskets.
Once you take care of the major leaks, it's time to check all the hoses and the regulator for smaller problems. I go through this process every other month or so, just to make sure I'm not wasting any CO2. Start by setting your regulator to whatever pressure you will be carbonating at, which is usually about 10 psi. Mix liquid dish soap and water in a spray bottle, and spray a light mist of soapy solution onto every joint and connection in your setup, including the sealed keg lid. Any little leak will slowly start to "blow bubbles" through the soap solution.
If you find a little leak, they're pretty easy to fix. Most of the time tightening a clamp will do the trick. If there's an issue at a threaded connection on the regulator, use a crescent wrench to unscrew the offending piece, clean off the threads and apply a few wraps of Teflon tape. Reassembled threaded connections should be tightened firmly, but don't apply too much pressure on the wrench. The Teflon tape and the CO2 pressure will create a better seal than you could get by overtightening any of the threads.
From time to time, you might notice that the gaskets get small tears in them or they might get beat up a bit. Also, newly acquired kegs sometimes come with gaskets that should have been retired long ago. Each time you plan on filling a keg, you should check the gaskets to make sure they're clean and damage free. If they're not, replacing keg gaskets is an easy and inexpensive job which only requires a small amount of mechanical skill.
Your local (or online) homebrew shop should carry a gasket rebuild kit for $2 to $3. I typically keep a couple of these kits on hand in the event of a gasket emergency. Of the 5 rubber seals included, the largest sized gasket is for the keg lid which will need replacing less than once a year. The two medium sized rings are for the outside of the keg posts, and seem to be the most often damaged. The two small sized gaskets are for the inside of the keg posts around the two dip tubes, and I replace these about every 4 to 6 keg refills to be safe.
Changing the large gasket is simple. Simply pull it off and put a new one on. The medium sized ones are almost as easy, but you may need a small pliers or tweezers to grab it off the post.
In order to replace the smallest gasket around the two dip tubes, you will have to unscrew the posts using either a crescent wrench or a 7/8 deep socket. Inside the post you'll find a spring assembly (called a poppet) and the dip tubes. There's a short dip tube on the input side, and a long tube on the output side. Pull out the tube, take off the old gasket, replace it with the new gasket, and reassemble the same way you took it apart. The posts should be tightened firmly, but it's not necessary to put a lot of pressure on them.
Dress to Impress
Those plastic picnic taps that come with a standard kegging system are cool for about 10 minutes before you start dreaming of your own in-house bar.
"switching those frat-party plastic taps with bar quality faucets is a pretty simple process."
I'm not going to go into detail about creating the ultimate beer serving system (you can do a Google image search for "homebrew kegerator" or "homebrew keezer" for ideas), but switching those frat-party plastic taps with bar quality faucets is a pretty simple process. The first thing you'll need for an upgrade is a faucet—these come in all shapes and price ranges. Faucets connect to a shank, and the shank connects to a tailpiece, connecting directly to the output hose of a homebrew keg.
The only tool required to assemble this setup is an inexpensive specialty wrench used to connect the faucet to the shank. All other pieces of the faucet are hand tightened, and the rubber seals are designed to last years before needing replacement.
Every three or four keg fills, I completely disassemble my faucets and soak them in hot water to clean off any old, sticky beer. This regular maintenance keeps the homebrew tasting as fresh as possible.
So what are you waiting for? Getting a keg system is one of the most fun upgrades you can make to your homebrew setup. There's a small learning curve but it will save you time in the long run, and it really improves your presentation. We'll keep posting kegging tips and techniques from time to time to help you along the way.
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Hebrew: אליעזר בראך
Son of Rabbi Shauel Brach (Kashoer ruv) and Rebeka Rivka Brach
|Managed by:||Raziel Yohai Seckbach|
About Eliezer Brach
Elazar was born in Karoly in 1896 to Shaul and Rivka nee Krois. He was a rabbi and married. Prior to WWII he lived in Karoly, Romania. During the war he was in Karoly, Romania. Elazar perished in 1944 in Auschwitz, Camp at the age of 48.
Eliezer was born in Romania to Shaul. He was a preacher and married. Prior to WWII he lived in Karol, Romania. Eliezer perished in the Shoah.
About אליעזר בראך (עברית)
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Opened at the end of May 2001 in the former Linden Brewery in Unna the Centre for International Light Art Unna is the first and only museum worldwide dedicated exclusively to Light Art. The exhibition area is fascinating in its own right and a highly effective setting for the works of art. The outward sign of the museum - visible from afar - is a 52 m high chimney; and deep under the earth are 2.400 m2 of exhibition space for this contemporary genre of art. The former brewery, which between 1852 and 1979 produced the famous Linden-Adler Pilsener is today part of the Ruhr District´s "Route of Industrial Heritage". In the labyrinthine corridors, cold storage cellars and fermenting vats of the former brewery the artists created a mysterious world of light and shadow.
Light Art, using mainly artificial light as a medium, emerged in the 1960´s and is thus a relatively recent art form. Its roots, however, go much further back: Since the developement of central perspective at the time of the Renaissance the history of Western Art has been mainly the history of changing conceptions of light and space. While the Impressionists, for instance, left the studio to explore the efect of light on form, the light artists of today use light itself as the form and content of their works.
At the Centre for International Light Art in Unna there is 10 metres underground a mysterious world of light and shadow. Eleven internationally renowned artists are presented in the permanent exhibition. The spectator is thus enabled to form a comprehensive picture of the different manifestations and forms of this relatively young genre of light art. Apart from the presentation of ambitious permanent and temporary exhibitions, the museum forms also a forum for discussions, symposia, conferences and workshops related to the topic of light.
Twelve of the internationally most renowned light artists have designed permanent installations for the cellars of the former Linden Brewery: Mario Merz, Joseph Kosuth, James Turrell, Mischa Kuball, Christina Kubisch, Brigitte Kowanz, Johannes Dinnebier, Keith Sonnier, François Morellet, Christian Boltanski, Jan van Munster und Olafur Eliasson.
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Personal loans are often used for loan consolidation, major purchases, home improvements or other expenses, such as a wedding.
More can loans are getting approved than ever since the recession.
The gap between the monthly payments for new and used cars is at the widest level on record, according to Experian Automotive.
Knowing your credit score before you start shopping for a house could make you feel more confident about the homebuying process.
Car shoppers who opt to buy an alternative fuel car are more likely to use cash to make their purchase than those buying traditional cars.
More consumers are purchasing new and used cars with auto loans, and those loans are for higher amounts and longer terms.
New studies from two major credit bureaus show adding more data to credit reports would boost a ton of consumers’ credit scores.
The CFPB also wants agencies to make it easier for consumers to access and interpret their credit reports.
A new way to measure credit scores could help people with minimal credit history.
This week’s podcast features car sales, college credit for employee training, the outlook for interest rates, and the awesome boost you get to your credit score when your credit report is corrected.
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Anyone got any suggestions?
Posted April 02, 2003 - 06:18 AM
Posted April 02, 2003 - 08:06 AM
Posted April 02, 2003 - 08:24 AM
you dont need any special tools
I beg to differ. A seal driver, and a cartridge rod holding tool** make it real easy. You can make a seal driver out of PVC...BUT a real seal driver CANNOT be beat. I have heard of guys having problems w/ PVC.
See Garrret's website. I believe he has instructions to make a seal driver and a cartridge rod holding tool.
**an air operated impact should suffice. The trick is to spin the bolt faster than the rod spins inside your fork. I used a handheld impact wrench while compressing the fork leg to spin out the bolt. I did use an air wrench however to put it back together.
Posted April 02, 2003 - 09:38 AM
Posted April 02, 2003 - 09:45 AM
Posted April 03, 2003 - 03:27 PM
You are supposed to add half the oil into your fork leg and pump the fork up and down while covering up the top of the fork w/ the palm of your hand. This compresses the fork forcing the oil up into the cartridge.
If you don't do a THOROUGH job, your oil levels can be waaay out of whack. You can tell the cartridge is full by running it through it's full stroke. It should be smooth all the way through, and not all of a sudden lift up quickly. This means you still need more oil drawn up into the cartridge. All of this should be in your manual.
Any questions...just holler!!
Posted April 06, 2003 - 06:03 PM
Posted April 06, 2003 - 10:51 PM
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Last updated on January 15, 2021
Taking care of your skin doesn’t have to be a difficult task. There are many simple steps that you can take each day to have a glowing complexion and healthy skin all over. It is a matter of setting time aside each day, just a few minutes is enough. Follow some of the tips in this article for healthy and glowing skin.
Stretch marks are a nuisance that many people deal with. Shea butter has shown the remarkable ability to reduce the visibility of stretch marks and in some cases, completely removes them from sight. Cocoa butter accomplishes the same task. Using these products in combination with increased sun exposure will greatly aid any stretch mark problems.
To keep your skin younger looking and more healthy, opt for using self-tanners and lotions instead of sitting out in the sun, or going to an indoor tanning salon. Whether it is natural or artificial sunlight, the UVA and UVB rays are still damaging to your skin. You can get that same look in the safety of a self-tanning cream or lotion without the damaging side effects.
Sunscreen is not just for summer. While sunscreen is typically associated with warm days on the beach, it is just as important, if not more so, in the winter. On clear winter days, the sun can still deliver as much UV rays as it does in the summer, and if there is snow on the ground, you will be hit from below as the rays reflect off the ground.
If you do not treat your skin right when you shave it will not look good. When you shave, you should apply lotion or shaving cream liberally and make sure the you use a new sharp razor always. Additionally, you should shave with your hair instead of shaving against it.
To help keep your skin looking its best, never go to bed with makeup or sunscreen on. Something that’s been on your face all day is full of dirt and germs, and that can lead to breakouts. Even if you think you are too tired, be sure to wash your face before you go to sleep.
In order to achieve and maintain glowing, young looking skin you must take care of it! The best way to take care of your skin is to use SPF moisturizers which block the sun’s harmful rays. By preventing your skin from getting damaged in the first place, you will help maintain a youthful appearance even as you chronologically age.
If you have combination skin, that is, skin with both oily and dry areas, choose a foundation that is whipped, powder, or cream. Any of these options will do an excellent job of covering any blemishes and giving you a smooth, even tone. These types of foundation will also moisturize your skin rather than dry it out.
Your skin is exposed to the elements, so as the weather changes so do your skin care needs. During winter, invest in a thicker moisturizer to provide more protection from the wind and cold. During the summer, look for lighter weight items without oils to keep your skin soft and smooth.
A good way to take care of your skin and to avoid it from being burned is to stay out of the sun. You don’t have to stay out of the sun at all times but primarily at the sun’s peak hours. You want to try and avoid the sun around the times of 10 in the morning to 4 in the afternoon, this should help your skin stay protected.
Instead of using a brush to apply makeup to your face, consider using a soft pad made of cotton. Brushes contain really sharp bristles, which can irritate your skin and cause red marks and in some cases, acne. Apply makeup to a pad and pat onto your face for a soft application.
As you read in the beginning of this article, taking care of your skin doesn’t have to be difficult and doesn’t require a lot of time and effort. You can take a simple approach to your skin care regimen and still see maximum results. Incorporate some or all of the advice in this article for a low stress approach to healthy skin.
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Knowing this could impact your parenting style more than you realise. more
Sarcoma, or soft tissue sarcoma, is a tumor that develops in the soft tissues of the body. Sarcomas are cancerous (malignant) tumors. Sarcomas can invade any of the bodyés soft tissues, but they are most common in the arms and legs. In a few cases, sarcomas appear in the chest, abdomen, neck, and head. Sarcomas are treated using surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.
What causes sarcomas?
While some sarcomas, like Kaposiés sarcoma, have a definite cause (a viral infection), generally doctors arenét really sure what causes most sarcomas. They think that they may be due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors like chemical and radiation exposure.
Are sarcomas serious?
Sarcomas are very serious. They can be life-threatening depending on the organs and tissues they affect.
Can I prevent sarcomas?
Leading a healthy lifestyle may help prevent some sarcomas, but thereés no guarantee that this will protect you from developing sarcomas.
How do I know if my child has a sarcoma?
The first sign of a sarcoma might be a noticeable lump in one of your childés arms or legs. Arms and legs are the most common sites for sarcomas. A smaller percentage of sarcomas occur in the chest, abdomen, head, and neck. Other signs of sarcomas may be pain if the tumor is pressing on a nerve, and intestinal blockage if the tumor is located in the bowel.
How do I treat sarcomas?
Sarcomas are treated using chemotherapy, cancer-killing drugs; radiation therapy, concentrated x-rays aimed at the tumor to kill it; and surgery, to remove the tumor. Surgery is the most common form of treatment, and it is often combined with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy.
Should I call the doctor?
Always make an appointment with your doctor if your child has an unusual lump or any of the other signs of a sarcoma. He can help you diagnose your childés illness and recommend the best available treatment. The earlier treatment begins, the better the outcome.
What you need to know about sarcomas
- Sarcomas are cancerous tumors.
- Sarcomas may be caused by a combination of genetics and environmental factors.
- Sarcomas are treated using surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.
Find more relevant articles and information about cancers:
Written by Rebecca Stigall for Kidspot, Australiaés parenting resource for family health. Sources include Better Health Channel, NSW Health and Health Insite.
Last revised: Wednesday, 20 January 2010
This article contains general information only and is not intended to replace advice from a qualified health professional.
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LONDON (Reuters) – Britain now has Europe’s second highest official COVID-19 death toll with more than 26,000, according to figures published on Wednesday that raised questions about Prime Minister Boris Johnson’s response to the outbreak.
Some 26,097 people died across the United Kingdom after testing positive for COVID-19 as of April 28 at 1600 GMT, Public Health England (PHE) said, citing daily figures that included deaths outside of hospital settings for the first time.
That means the United Kingdom has suffered more COVID-19 deaths than France or Spain have reported, though less than Italy, which has Europe’s highest death toll and the second worst in the world after the United States.
“We must never lose sight of the fact that behind every statistic there are many human lives that have tragically been lost before their time,” Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab told reporters. “We are still coming through the peak and…this is a delicate and dangerous moment in the crisis.”
Such a high UK death toll increases the pressure on Johnson just as opposition parties accused his government of being too slow to impose a lockdown to limit contagion from the new coronavirus, too slow to introduce mass testing and too slow to get enough protective equipment to hospitals.
Johnson returned to work on Monday after recuperating from COVID-19, which had left him gravely ill in intensive care at the peak of the coronavirus outbreak. He celebrated the birth of a baby son on Wednesday.
Opposition Labour Party leader Keir Starmer criticised Johnson’s response to the world’s worst public health crisis since the 1918 influenza outbreak. Johnson had spoken of Britain’s “apparent success” in tackling COVID-19 in a speech to the nation on Monday.
“We are possibly on track to have one of the worst death rates in Europe,” Starmer told parliament. “Far from success, these latest figures are truly dreadful,” he added, referring to previously published data.
Starmer said his calculations showed 27,241 had died in the UK from COVID-19, the lung disease caused by the coronavirus. In mid-March the government’s chief scientific adviser said keeping Britain’s death toll below 20,000 would be a “good outcome”.
UK AND ITALY
Johnson initially resisted introducing the lockdown but changed course when projections showed a quarter of a million people could die.
Yvonne Doyle, PHE’s medical director, said the new figures put the UK roughly in line with its peers in Europe, adjusted for population.
Although international comparisons are difficult, the updated figures confirm Britain’s place among the European countries worst hit by the viral pandemic.
Italy said on Wednesday its death toll had risen to 27,682.
Like Britain, its figures are based on deaths following positive coronavirus tests in all settings.
Spain reported 24,275 deaths at the last count, less than Britain’s new toll published on Wednesday. Spain’s population is around 20 million smaller, so it has a higher prevalence of deaths per capita.
Still, early evidence for “excess deaths” – the number of deaths from all causes that exceed the average for the time of year – suggest Britain has fared poorly in comparison to other countries.
Although it takes a long time to form a full picture, academics prefer this measure to gauge the impact of an epidemic and the measures taken by countries to control it, since it is easier to compare across countries.
Official data published this week offered a flavour of the true human cost of the pandemic in Britain: 22,351 people died from all causes in England and Wales in the week to April 17, the biggest total since comparable records began in 1993.
While this was 11,854 more than average for the week, only 8,758 cases mentioned COVID-19 in death certificates, suggesting even this more comprehensive data may be undercounting the true toll.
(Reporting by Andy Bruce; Editing by Guy Faulconbridge and Mark Heinrich)
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The Most and Least Wired Airlines and Airports
The Least Tech-Savvy Airlines
Not all airlines will send business travelers and tech fans soaring. Some, both big and small, don't offer even the most basic services--such as in-flight video entertainment on cross-country flights. Here are five airlines you might want to steer clear of, for various reasons.
United Airlines, despite its massive size, offers little to get excited about. For example, only one of its aircraft--a Boeing 757--currently offers power ports in coach,
AirTran offers no video entertainment and no power ports, but you can listen to XM satellite radio at every seat on every flight. Thanks, but we'd rather they focused on business tech.
Qantas and Air France do offer some advanced techy services and amenities for travelers. Both are among the airlines performing limited tests of in-flight cell phone use. Though some passengers will see this as a perk, a recent Forrester Research survey showed that only about 16 percent
The Most and Least Wired Airlines and...
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Built in 1668 for Captain John Turner, the House of Seven Gables is a colonial mansion located in Salem, Massachusetts, with the Turner family remaining as the home's owner for three generations. Initially known as the Turner House, the House of the Seven Gables got its new title from author Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel of the same name The House of The Seven Gables was passed down through generations and once belonged to Susanna Ingersoll, Nathaniel Hawthorne's second cousin. Nathaniel spent time with his cousin at the house when he worked in Salem. So he did live in the house, although only as a guest The House of the Seven Gables Settlement Association was founded in 1910 by Caroline Emmerton. She restored the Turner-Ingersoll Mansion, opened it as a museum and used proceeds from admission to support important social work Read all 2,895 reviews On a girls getaway to Salem, we decided to visit House of the Seven Gables on a chilly, rainy grey day. The house has a bit of an energy that can be a bit creepy, but I really think it made it more en... We were just in Salem for the afternoon before driving back into Boston to catch our flight home Salem residents can enjoy free admission to The House of the Seven Gables. Use discount code 01970OCT2020 to reserve your tickets. If you do not provide proof of residency, you will need to pay full price. Valid proof of residency includes a state-issued photo ID with a current address, Salem Public Schools ID, or Salem State University ID
Located in Salem, MA, The House of the Seven Gables is a historic landmark that is best known as being the setting of the world-renowned author Nathaniel Hawthorne's 1851 novel. The house was restored in 1910 and is now open to the public as a museum The House of the Seven Gables in Salem, Massachusetts — today a museum accompanying a settlement house — was at one time owned by Hawthorne's cousin, Susanna Ingersoll, and she entertained him there often Located on the grounds of The House of the Seven Gables. Details Address: 115 Derby Street Salem, MA Phone: 978-744-0991 Website: 7Gables.org Public Health Guidelines. Physical distancing of 6' or more required. Face coverings or masks required. Hand sanitizer or hand washing stations available . Contactless payment available and encouraged. Online ordering encouraged. Reduced capacity. House of the Seven Gables, Salem Salem is a charming and historic town, known predominantly and made infamous for its past Witch Trials. Although those trials date back to the 1600s, they have certainly shaped Salem and continue to influence its image to this day Discover the many surprises at The House of the Seven Gables including a climb up the famed secret staircase. Your admission includes a guided tour through the 17th-century mansion, a visit to Nathaniel Hawthorne's birth house, Kid's Cove, spectacular waterfront views of Salem Harbor, three-season gardens and a unique Museum Store
The House of the Seven Gables was built by a Salem sea captain and merchant named John Turner in 1668 and occupied by three generations of the Turner family before being sold to Captain Samuel Ingersoll in 1782. An active captain during the Great Age of Sail, Ingersoll died at sea leaving the property to his daughter Susanna, a cousin of famed author Nathaniel Hawthorne. Hawthorne's visits to. The House of the Seven Gables: Bon - consultez 2 908 avis de voyageurs, 1 311 photos, les meilleures offres et comparez les prix pour Salem, MA sur Tripadvisor The House of the Seven Gables | 242 followers on LinkedIn | Experience an American icon. | An American treasure In 1668, merchant and ship-owner John Turner built a house on Salem Harbor that.
Nathaniel Hawthorne drew inspiration for this story of an immorally obtained property from the role his forebears played in the 17th-century Salem witch trials. Built over an unquiet grave, the House of the Seven Gables carries a dying man's curse that blights the lives of its residents for over two centuries The House of the Seven Gables, 115 Derby Street, Salem, MA, 01970 More info: https://bit.ly/349QfXf. SALEM — Though recent immigrants have confronted a host of challenges, many have stepped up. Recomendamos que reserve as excursões em The House of the Seven Gables atempadamente para garantir o seu lugar. Se reservar com o Tripadvisor, pode cancelar até 24 horas antes do início da excursão para receber um reembolso total. Veja as 2 excursões de The House of the Seven Gables no Tripadviso . The structure is a fine example of American First Period architecture and holds an important place in Salem's maritime and social history. Through the centuries the house changed hands from family to family before its acquisition by.
The House of the Seven Gables is at 115 Derby St. The site comprises a collection of First Period buildings, including New England's oldest surviving wooden mansion, the 1668 Turner-Ingersoll Mansion, which inspired Nathaniel Hawthorne's classic novel. Also on the grounds—from which a panorama of Salem Harbor can be seen—are the author's. Historical Context of The House of the Seven Gables The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 loom large over The House of the Seven Gables, as they did over Hawthorne's own life. The Trials began after two little girls accused three women (a slave, a beggar, and a poor elderly woman) of supernaturally afflicting them with strange fits
Aug 2, 2020 - Discover The House of the Seven Gables. Built in 1668, this National Historic Landmark is a treasure of American history. Professional guides welcome guests year round for a remarkable journey that.. The House Of The Seven Gables Summary From Wandering Crystal: One of the best books set in Salem is The House of the Seven Gables by Nathaniel Hawthorne. It tells the haunting story of a feud between two families cursed as the result of the Pyncheon family building the house on stolen land House of the Seven Gables - Salem, Massachusetts. Oblique view towards the front and side of the house. Photograph taken by me, en:User:Daderot, September 2005. Object location: 42° 31′ 18″ N, 70° 53′ 22″ W View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap: File history. Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. Date/Time Thumbnail Dimensions User Comment. Inspiration Seven Gables Hawthornes Roman wurde von der Turner-Ingersoll-Villa inspiriert, die wegen ihres Giebeldachs im Volksmund als das Haus der sieben Giebel bekannt war. Das 1668 in Salem, Massachusetts gebaute Haus wurde im Lauf der nächsten drei Jahrhunderte mehrfach erweitert. Im 19 The House of the Seven Gablesonce host to author Nathaniel Hawthorne provides an unforgettable setting for your special day. Surrounded by lush gardens and spectacular waterfront views, The Gables offers a variety of spaces for everything from intimate gatherings to grand, tented affairs
The House of the Seven Gables (also known as the Turner House or Turner-Ingersoll Mansion), made famous by American author Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel The House of the Seven Gables (1851), is a 1668 colonial mansion in Salem, Massachusetts, named for its gables.The house is now a non-profit museum, with an admission fee charged for tours, as well as an active settlement house with programs for. Salem Witch Museum, House of Seven Gables reopen under Phase 3. Share ; Share ; Share ; By: Joy Dumandan, Boston 25 News Updated: July 6, 2020 - 5:08 PM . SALEM, Mass. — What's really funny, in October, we always ask people to remove their masks, now we're insisting that they wear them, explained Tina Jordan, the Executive Director of the Salem Witch Museum. The Salem Witch Museum reopened. All year (excluding October), residents of Salem will be able to enjoy free guided tours and stroll through the waterfront gardens of The House of the Seven Gables. The House of the Seven Gables has been dedicated to strengthening the community for more than a century, and would like to continue this mission by giving back to Salem residents . $7.25. Free shipping . Postcard Hallway House of the Seven Gables Salem Mass. $4.45. Free shipping . Vintage Pennant Salem Massachusetts House Seven Gables travel tourist 11 in. $16.96. $19.95. Free shipping . SALEM MA - Old Witch House - udb (pre 1908) $7.87. shipping: + $1.65 shipping . Postcard The Kitchen. Web site The House of the Seven Gables. Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote the 1851 novel that inspired the name of this attraction (and if you haven't read the book since high school or haven't read it at all, keep in mind that it's scary). Visits to the rambling 1668 house are by guided tour. Hawthorne visited his cousin at this home as a young man and tours show off some of the details he.
Salem Witch Trials In The House of the Seven Gables, Colonel Pyncheon takes advantage of the Salem Witch Trial hysteria, leading the accusation against Matthew Maule.During the historical trials many people, like Colonel Pyncheon, made accusations for personal or spiteful reasons. The Salem Witch Trials began in February 1692 and continued through September of the same year. During those few. No visit to Salem - no visit to New England would be complete without a visit to Salem's House of Seven Gables! Step back in time three centuries to experience Nathaniel Hawthorne's (occasional) childhood home. Revel in the history and the architecture of this magnificent American edifice! Our tour by Paulina was delightful in the extreme as she brought this home's rich history to life. Our. , near Peabody Essex Museum, The House of the Seven Gables and Salem Witch Museum, Northey Street House features free WiFi, and guests can enjoy a shared lounge and a garden
Directed by Joe May. With George Sanders, Margaret Lindsay, Vincent Price, Dick Foran. Fighting over an inheritance, one Pyncheon brother frames the other for murder Salem (0.6 miles from The House of the Seven Gables) Set in Salem, less than 1 km from Peabody Essex Museum and an 18-minute walk from The House of the Seven Gables, Northey Street House offers accommodation with free WiFi, air conditioning, a shared... Show more Show less 9. Book your tickets online for The House of the Seven Gables, Salem: See 2,901 reviews, articles, and 1,311 photos of The House of the Seven Gables, ranked No.3 on Tripadvisor among 64 attractions in Salem Where is House of the Seven Gables? Salem is home to House of the Seven Gables. Salem is a historic city well liked for its walking paths and restaurants. If you'd like to find things to see and do in the area, you may want to check out Salem Witch Museum and The Freedom Trail The House of the Seven Gables, Salem: zobacz recenzje, artykuły i zdjęcia dotyczące The House of the Seven Gables w serwisie Tripadvisor w Salem, Massachusett
In part 2 of our 7-part live-stream series on October tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic in Salem, we're sitting down with Julie Arrison-Bishop, community engagement director at the House of Made famous by the writing of Nathanial Hawthorne in 1851, the House of the Seven Gables, or the Turner-Ingersoll mansion in Salem, Massachusetts, stands as a bastion of New England history. It is also one of the oldest and largest remaining wooden mansions in New England. The House of the Seven Gables is located near the Derby Wharf, on Derby. House of the Seven Gables is located in a historic area of Salem known for its array of dining options and sporting events. Salem is home to 21 hotels and other accommodations, so you can find something that's perfect for your stay. Staying Near House of the Seven Gables
For those who like a little fact with their fright, a little history with their hi-jinx, head for The House of the Seven Gables in October where truth is always stranger than fiction. On select weekend nights, two original theatrical events are staged in The House of the Seven Gables and the Nathaniel Hawthorne Birthplace. Each performance lasts 35 minutes and they begin every 5 or 10 minutes. . The house was restored in 1910 and is now open to the public as a museum. The House of the Seven Gables is a nonprofit, charitable organization that has been dedicated to being a historic site and community resource. The House of the Seven Gables is a novel written by Nathaniel Hawthorne.It was published in 1851. The book is about an old New England family. Themes include guilt, revenge, and atonement.The supernatural and witchcraft are a part of the story. An old house in Salem, Massachusetts was used as background for the story. The house belonged to Hawthorne's cousin Susanna Ingersoll The House of the Seven Gables has been read as a statement of the archetypal theme of withdrawal and return, which Hawthorne interpreted as isolation and redemptive reunion. It has also been read as Hawthorne's maturest statement on man's relationship to the past, considered as determinative for the future, and on whether, or how, man can escape from the bondage which the past imposes. It has.
The House of the Seven Gables é um romance gótico escrito em 1851 pelo escritor americano Nathaniel Hawthorne e publicado no mesmo ano pela Companhia Editora Ticknor and Fields, de Boston.Hawthorne explora temas envolvendo culpa, retribuição e expiação em uma família da Nova Inglaterra, nos Estados Unidos, colorindo seus relatos com sugestões de ordem sobrenatural e bruxaria Recomendamos reservar visitas guiadas de The House of the Seven Gables con antelación para reservar la plaza. Si reserva con Tripadvisor, puede cancelar de forma gratuita hasta 24 horas antes del inicio de la visita para obtener un reembolso completo. Ver las 1 visitas guiadas de The House of the Seven Gables en Tripadviso . A visit to Salem is pretty high up on my bucket list. It falls just above taking the Jack the Ripper tour in England and just below visiting the Mutter Museum in Pennsylvania. The history of old Salem is definitely a draw for me, but I'm also fascinated by the touristy side of new Salem. Some compare it to a witchy sort of theme. English: House of the Seven Gables - Salem, Massachusetts. View of the house side, showing oldest part of the house. Photograph taken by me, September 2005. Date: 25 September 2005 (original upload date) Source: Own work Transferred from en.wikipedia: Author: Daderot at en.wikipedia: Licensing . Daderot at en.wikipedia, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publishes it under the following.
Mar 9, 2018 - Explore The House of the Seven Gables's board The House of the Seven Gables: Gardens on Pinterest. See more ideas about Salem, Salem ma, House of seven gables The House of the Seven Gables is a museum, in Salem, Mass., with professional guides available, to explain its varied history. Built in 1668, this is the one of the oldest surviving 17th century wooden mansion in New England. In 1908, Caroline Emmerton, a philanthropist and preservationist, worked with architect, Joseph Everett Chandler, a central figure in the early 20th century historic. The House of the Seven Gables was built in 1668 for Capt. John Turner, a successful merchant, and remained in his family for three generations. Facing south toward the harbor, it was at first a two-room, two-and-one-half-story, central-chimney plan with two Gothic cross-gables in front according to Tolles in his book, Architecture in Salem. The house was altered and added onto over the.
House of the Seven Gables is located in a historic area of Salem known for its array of dining options and sporting events. Salem is home to 21 hotels and other accommodations, so you can find something that's perfect for your stay. Staying Near House of the Seven Gables
The House of the Seven Gables is a Gothic novel written beginning in mid-1850 by American author Nathaniel Hawthorne and published in April 1851 by Ticknor and Fields of Boston. The novel follows a New England family and their ancestral home. In the book, Hawthorne explores themes of guilt, retribution, and atonement and colors the tale with suggestions of the supernatural and witchcraft Nathaniel Hawthorne drew inspiration for this story of an immorally obtained property from the role his forebears played in the 17th-century Salem witch trials. Built over an unquiet grave, the House of the Seven Gables carries a dying man's curse that blights the lives of its residents for over two centuries. Now Judge Jaffrey Pyncheon, an iron-hearted hypocrite and intellectual heir to the. (A gable is the pointy part of a sharply angled roof. To see an example, check out this picture of the seven-gabled Turner-Ingersoll house in Salem, Massachusetts. This house is supposed to be the model for Hawthorne's House of the Seven Gables.) Before the street became Pyncheon Street, it was called Maule's Lane
Restaurants near The House of the Seven Gables, Salem on Tripadvisor: Find traveller reviews and candid photos of dining near The House of the Seven Gables in Salem, Massachusetts House of the Seven Gables - Salem : a opinião do Guia Verde Michelin, infomações práticas, mapa e cálculo de itinerário para a sua viagem Salem I was a little nervous about approaching a book written by the author of The Scarlett Letter, but I needn't have been, as The House of Seven Gables was as unlike its sister novel as I am unlike my siblings. Whatever similarities are merely due to the author's linguistic environment; If written in the 21st centry the main difference in this telling of The House of Seven Gables and today's.
When I first moved to the Boston area years ago, well before I began grad school, I visited the real House of Seven Gables in Salem. I loved the house tour and, after visiting some other former haunts of Hawthorne's in Concord and teaching some Hawthorne stories in an Intro to Lit class, became interested in visiting it again. However, I was determined not to re-visit until I had read. The House of the Seven Gables, in Salem, Massachusetts, would not be the popular incarnation of Nathaniel Hawthorne's 1851 gothic tale of inherited sins if not for philanthropist Caroline Osgood Emmerton. In 1908 she bought the harbor-side property to shrewdly combine her two principal causes: historic preservation and social welfare. She hired Colonial Revivalist architect Joseph Everett. The process took 1+ week. I interviewed at The House of the Seven Gables (Salem, MA) in September 2013. Interview. I found the job listed on New England Museum Association (NEMA).org and sent an email expressing my interest. I got an reply back almost immediately and we set up an interview for that Monday (this was on a Friday). I drove down met with the HR director Melissa Reynolds, she.
In 1667 the House of the Seven Gables is built in Salem, Massachusetts for Captin John Turner. The orginal house had two and a half floors and only two rooms Ristoranti vicino a The House of the Seven Gables: (0.12 km) Captain Dusty's Ice Cream (0.15 km) Mercy Tavern (0.16 km) Witch's Brew Cafe (0.13 km) Derby Joe (0.38 km) Sea Level Oyster Bar; Vedi tutti i ristoranti vicino a The House of the Seven Gables su Tripadviso Antique DB Postcard MA J332 Hawthornes Corner Parlor House of Seven Gables Salem. $5.25. $7.50. Free shipping . Salem MA, House Of Seven Gables, Parlor, Vintage Massachusetts Postcard . $7.99. shipping: + $2.00 shipping . Report item - opens in a new window or tab. Description; Shipping and payments; eBay item number: 353227691825. Seller assumes all responsibility for this listing. Item.
The House of the Seven Gables has and is a work in progress for 110 years serving the community. (more) 2020 looks to be a year of professional gains along with changes which should be exciting. The House of the Seven Gables has and is a work in progress for 110 years serving the community Consulter les prix près de House of the Seven Gables pour le prochain week-end, 25 sept. - 27 sept. Afficher la carte. Séléction d'hôtels près de House of the Seven Gables, Boston. Sauvegarder l'hébergement The Hotel Salem dans vos listes . The Hotel Salem. 3 out of 5. 0.2 km de House of the Seven Gables. Annulation gratuite Réservez maintenant, payez lors de votre séjour. Le prix. Reserva The House of the Seven Gables, Salem en Tripadvisor: Consulta 2.900 opiniones, artículos, y 1.311 fotos de The House of the Seven Gables, clasificada en Tripadvisor en el N.°3 de 63 atracciones en Salem House of the Seven Gables - Salem, Massachusetts. In the year 1668 in Salem, Massachusetts, sea captain John Turner built a home at 54 Turner Street that would be later immortalized in a book called The House of the Seven Gables. The colonial mansion was later sold to another sea captain, Samuel Ingersoll after being in the family for more than 100 years. The House of the Seven Gables in Salem. If museum hopping is your thing, don't skip over Salem's The House of the Seven Gables, which features exhibits everyone will enjoy. Bring the whole family to this museum, where kiddos are welcomed with open arms.Drivers can park on the street or a nearby lot near The House of the Seven Gables. If you're looking to spice up your weekends, give The House of the Seven Gables a call today
Hawthorne called The House of the Seven Gables a romance, and freely bestowed upon it many fascinating gothic touches. A brilliant intertwining of the popular, the symbolic, and the historical, the novel is a powerful exploration of personal and national guilt, a work that Henry James declared the closest approach we are likely to have to. The House of the Seven Gables - 115 Derby St, Salem (Massachusetts) 01970 - Valutata 4.6 sulla base di 890 recensioni Jen was a great docent. She was.. The House of the Seven Gables, Salem: Se anmeldelser fra reisende, artikler, bilder og gode tilbud for The House of the Seven Gables i Salem, Massachusetts på Tripadvisor Traductions en contexte de The House of the Seven Gables en anglais-français avec Reverso Context : His most notable works of this period were the Kay Francis vehicle Confession, a remake of the 1935 German film Mazurka, The House of the Seven Gables and The Invisible Man Returns (1941)
The House of the Seven Gables - 115 Derby St, Salem, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos 01970 - Calificación de 4.7 según 532 opiniones Jen was a great..
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E. Cobham Brewer 18101897. Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 1898.
Barbauld, Anna Letitia
(b. Kibworth Harcourt, Leicestershire, June 20th, 1743; d. March 9th, 1825). Miscellaneous Poems (1773); Miscellaneous Pieces in Prose (with her brother, Dr. Aikin) (1773); Early Lessons for Children (1774); Hymns in Prose (1774); Devotional Pieces, Composed from the Psalms and the Book of Job (1775); A Poetical Epistle to Mr. Wilberforce on the Rejection of the Bill for the Abolition of the Slave Trade (1790); Remarks on Gilbert Wakefields Inquiry into the Expediency and Propriety of Public and Social Worship (1792); Evenings at Home (with Dr. Aikin) (179295); Selections from the Spectator, Tatler, Guardian, and Freeholder (1804); A Life of Samuel Richardson (1805); an edition of The British Novelists (1810); The Female Spectator (1811); and Eighteen Hundred and Eleven (1812). Works, with Memoir by Lucy Aikin in 1827. Letters and Notices by Breton appeared in 1874.
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Medication reconciliation is a complex process that impacts all patients as they move through all health care settings. The process involves comparison of a patient's current medication regimen against a physician's admission, transfer, or discharge orders to identify discrepancies. Study data show that an effective process can detect and avert most medication discrepancies, potentially avoiding a large number of adverse drug events and related costs for care of affected patients.
This toolkit is based on the Medications at Transitions and Clinical Handoffs (MATCH) Web site. MATCH was developed by Gary Noskin, M.D., and Kristine Gleason, R.Ph., of Northwestern Memorial Hospital in Chicago, Illinois, through the support of Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Grant No. 5 U18 HS015886 and collaboration between Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and The Joint Commission.
This toolkit incorporates the experiences and lessons learned by health care facilities that have implemented the MATCH strategies to improve their medication reconciliation processes.
Northwestern Memorial Hospital
Kristine Gleason, R.Ph.
Helga Brake, Pharm.D.
Island Peer Review Organization, Inc.
Lake Success, New York
Victoria Agramonte, R.N, M.S.N.
Carrie Perfetti, Esq.
Chapter 1. Building the Project Foundation: Gaining Leadership Support Within the Organization
Chapter 2. Building the Project Foundation: Project Teams and Scope
Chapter 3. Developing Change: Designing the Medication Reconciliation Process
Chapter 4. Developing and Pilot Testing Change: Implementing the Medication Reconciliation Process
Chapter 5. Education and Training
Chapter 6. Assessment and Process Evaluation
Chapter 7. High-Risk Situations for Medication Reconciliation
Appendix: The MATCH Work Plan
The authors, who were supported in part by AHRQ Contract No. HHSA2902009000 13C, are responsible for the content, findings, and conclusions in this document, and it does not necessarily represent the view of AHRQ. No statement in this report should be construed as an official position of AHRQ or of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
This document is in the public domain and may be used and reprinted without permission except those copyrighted materials that are clearly noted in the document. Further reproduction of those copyrighted materials is prohibited without the specific permission of copyright holders.
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The Center for WorkLife Law at the University of California’s Hastings College of the Law has just published a fascinating new study analyzing over 4,000 employment suits filed in claims related to balancing employee’s family responsibilities with work, which the study refers to as family responsibilities discrimination (FRD). These include a variety of claims such as discrimination on the basis of pregnancy, motherhood or fatherhood, and care for family members who are aging, ill or affected by disabilities.
This study illustrates an enormous increase in FRD cases filed over the last decade and a significantly higher percentage of FRD cases won at trial than are found among employment cases generally. Notably, the study reports that there was a major increase in cases related to family responsibilities discrimination even at a time when the total number of employment cases filed in federal courts decreased.
Of the 4,400 cases studied in the report, the majority – 67% – were related to pregnancy and maternity leave. Another 11% included cases relating to eldercare, and 15% related to care for sick children or spouses.
Family Responsibilities Discrimination Areas on the Rise
According to the study, there are four areas increasing at particularly rapid rates:
- eldercare (increasing a whopping 650% in the last decade)
- pregnancy accommodation cases (increasing 315%)
- denials of accommodations for, or discrimination against, employees who were breastfeeding or needed to express milk (increased by 800%)
- cases related to association with an individual who has a disability (400%).
Some of the increase in several of these areas likely relates to new laws passed – expansions of the Americans with Disabilities Act, for example, and new clarity on protections for women who are breastfeeding or expressing milk. The report posits that the increase in pregnancy accommodation cases may be related to more women continuing to work while pregnant and working longer into their pregnancies, as well as the expanded ADA.
FRD Often Prohibited By Federal Law
While federal law does not provide a specific protection for all “family responsibilities” lumped together, many of these types of discrimination are in reality types of discrimination based on sex that is unlawful under federal law – and some states and localities make “family responsibilities” discrimination unlawful in and of itself. We find in our practice that many employers have conscious or unconscious biases about what it means to be a mother or father, what effect a pregnancy is likely to have on an employee’s work, or whose job it is in a family to care for aging or sick parents.
Increased FRD Claims from Men
Another trend the report recognized was an increase in the number of cases in the data set filed by men – likely due to men’s increased role in family caregiving. Although the report noted that men have a lower success rate than women in these claims – which, for men, are almost exclusively brought under the FMLA – men are bringing a substantial number of claims. The report noted, in particular, a 336% increase in claims related to paternity leave, which we know from our practice more men are requesting every year.
FRD Case Success Rates
The report notes that the success rate for FRD cases is higher than that of general employment cases, even though fewer FRD cases settle before trial – and many more FRD cases that go to trial culminate in a verdict for the employee than in other types of employment cases – 75% in federal court compared to approximately a third for other employment cases.
As the report notes, more than 80% of women will become mothers, and nearly every employee, male or female, will become a caretaker at some point during his or her career. The laws protecting employees from discrimination because of family responsibilities affect nearly every worker and nearly every family. We are excited to see that these cases are, rightly, gaining such success in the courts.
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Category: Children's Books|
The author of the book: Adele Geras
Format files: PDF, EPUB, TXT, DOCX
The size of the: 549 KB
Edition: A & C Black Publishers Ltd
Date of issue: 4 July 2005
Description of the book "Candle in the Dark":A story set on the brink of the Second World War. Germany in 1938 is a dangerous place for Jews. Clara and her little brother, Maxi, are leaving behind everything they know and going to England to live with a family they have never met. Will Clara and Maxi adapt to life in an English village, and will they ever see their parents again?
Reviews of the Candle in the DarkTo date in regards to the ebook we've got Candle in the Dark suggestions customers never have nevertheless remaining their own writeup on the game, or otherwise make out the print yet. Yet, should you have already check this out guide and you're simply prepared to make their particular discoveries convincingly request you to hang around to leave a review on our site (we can easily post both equally bad and good reviews). In other words, "freedom connected with speech" Most of us totally helped. Your own suggestions to book Candle in the Dark : different audience can choose in regards to a ebook. These support is likely to make you a lot more United!
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Download EBOOK Candle in the Dark for free
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Looting the Commons
An interview with Michael Perelman
By Pierre Loiselle (znet)
Issues around intellectual property rights have spurred a lot of absurd scenarios with a plethora of bizarre claims and litigations in the courts. Furthermore, we are seeing how the U.S.-imposed patent system is assaulting the lives of people the world over. Michael Perelman is professor of economics at California State University at Chico. His books include Class Warfare in the Information Age, The Invention of Capitalism, and The Perverse Economy: The Impact of Markets on People and the Environment. I spoke with him about his latest book Steal this Idea!: Intellectual Property Rights and the Corporate Confiscation of Creativity.
PIERRE LOISELLE: In Steal this Idea!, you write that “intellectual property rights have contributed to one of the most massive redistribution of wealth that has ever occurred.” Could you expand on this?
MICHAEL PERELMAN: It’s very simple. Anybody who gets sick in the United States pays an enormous amount of money and that money comes from taxpayers, who give their money to government researchers, who develop new discoveries, who turn them over to private companies, who patent some drug, who then charge exorbitant fees for that drug. So in effect, money is taken from people as taxpayers, as consumers, and given over to the pharmaceutical companies.
How does this distribution of wealth play out on a global scale?
What happens is people come into a country like India. They patent something like the neem tree, which is a traditional source of medicine. They patent something like basmati rice. Then they expect to charge people for using this, even people who discovered it in the first place.
Intellectual property rights are instrumental for the so-called “first world” economy. Why?
Well, if you think about the United States, where is it that we have a comparative advantage? What we see is the types of things that we are dependent on: oil, more and more, even food. They are increasing in number and importance. The things that the U.S. exports, that the rest of the world needs from us, are declining in importance. People in China and people in India can do what we can do just about as well as we can, especially because in the United States we are letting our educational system deteriorate, in the hopes of privatizing it and making it into a business.
What is it that the United States can export easily? Other than weapons, our major export is intellectual property. We’re demanding countries around the world pay royalties for intellectual property. We’re exporting music, films, and software. Virtually everything that we are developing a comparative advantage in is heavily dependent on intellectual property. So, it becomes very important for the United States to be able to trade, in effect, intellectual property for things like oil.
Can you describe the machinations of how the patent system actually works in the international arena?
The United States is demanding that other countries make their patent systems conform more or less to our patent system. They are pushing underdeveloped countries to accept this sort of intellectual property rights. During the election of 2000, for example, the U.S. was demanding full price from Africa for AIDS medicine. AIDS medicine costs many times more than what the average African would be making, even if they were able to work. If they where suffering from AIDS, then the costs would be even more prohibitive. The point-person in the Clinton administration was Al Gore. This became a sore issue until Act Up started chanting wherever Gore was appearing: “AIDS Kills.” Eventually the United States agreed in effect that the South African government (not Africa in general) would have the right to use generic AIDS drugs. Of course, the fine print in the agreement was far less generous than the public relations relief that the Gore campaign got from this agreement.
If any country were to defy the United States in that respect, they would be cut off from trade or subjected to boycotts or even military force if it came to that.
Tell us about the historic role that intellectual property rights have played in the development of the economy as we know it today.
The U.S. was founded on the idea that intellectual property rights would be fairly non-existent except for patents, which were put into the Constitution more or less as an afterthought. Regularly, people would take books and novels that were published in Europe and reprint them here and nothing would be given to the author. The United States at the time was a consumer rather than a producer of intellectual property so we routinely violated the intellectual property of others. It was only when the United States became a predominate accumulator of intellectual property that intellectual property rights become sacrosanct.
When the United States has a deep recession or stagnation, suddenly you start seeing calls for stronger intellectual property as a way to somehow strengthen the economy. There was virtually no support for intellectual property laws in the 1870s. Corporations would routinely steal ideas from inventors. In fact, there was one Supreme Court case regarding a braking system on the railroads. The Supreme Court ruled that the inventor deserved nothing because the idea was in the air and if that person hadn’t invented it, someone else would.
A decade later in the 1880s, there was a serious recession. What do we do to get? Too much competition. Prices in manufacturing goods were going down because productive capacity was increasing faster than was the capacity of people to buy the stuff. Intellectual property at that time was not meant so much to be a means of giving an incentive to people to create more intellectual property, but to get around anti-trust legislation. It allowed the large corporations to share their patents in patent pools. In that way, they could restrain competition and get together and organize in ways that would otherwise be illegal.
The next big upsurge of intellectual property came in the 1960s when the United States was suddenly getting into a deficit situation; that is, we started in the United States importing more than we were exporting. What can we do? Oh, we can charge more for intellectual property and that will give us some benefits and it will make it more difficult for people in other countries to compete with us. So again, you have a big upsurge in intellectual property.
You can make the case that modern western capitalism grew and developed because of the absence of intellectual property. What we think of today is that modern scientific and technological advancements were key to the development of what we call the capitalist state. What made Western science burst out ahead of the rest of the world? If you go back to 1400, science was not particularly advanced. Various members of the nobility would hire themselves a scientist, like Leonardo da Vinci, as an ornament and then say: “I have the great Leonardo da Vinci and he works in my court, and you see what I great person I am.” Eventually, as science developed, the nobility were unable to distinguish who was the great scientist and who wasn’t.
As a result, they set up what were called scientific societies—in England, it was a Royal Society. These scientific societies were places where scientists would meet and communicate with scientists from other countries and bring their theories and bestow the type of honor on various scientists who would allow the nobility to know what kind of scientist they were buying. It meant that what we now call intellectual property, scientific information, was freely spread all around the western world.
You talk about treating knowledge as a commodity, both in Steal this Idea!, as well as in Class Warfare in the Information Age. Would you draw a parallel from the anarchist dictum of “property is theft” to the notion of intellectual property?
Let’s talk about intellectual property as theft. Nobody invents anything. That is, there has never been anyone in the history of the world that has invented anything. By that, I mean all information, all ideas depend on what goes before them. If I was to come up with a new idea, I do so because I have drawn on the work and experience of generations of people before me. What the patent system means is that I take this flow of information and suddenly say: “I claim credit for the whole thing.” I would think that’s theft because no one person really did anything.
One of my favorite examples of this was the telephone. It turned out that two people tried to patent the telephone on the same day unbeknownst to each other. The two people were working in parallel lines to patent the telephone and it happened that Alexander Graham Bell got there in the morning and Elisha Gray got there in the afternoon. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone, as everybody knows. So it becomes difficult to think of a fair patent system unless you have a way of distinguishing and there is no way of distinguishing who did what and who deserves credit for what. The only way to figure out who did what or who deserves credit for what is through the legal system. That means each of the contenders goes to court and these court cases are becoming increasingly expensive. As intellectual property becomes more finely embedded within the technological system, the prospect of court cases increases exponentially.
What are the implications of treating knowledge as a commodity?
It doesn’t work as a commodity at first and here is the reason: I have brilliant idea and I say, “Who would like to buy this from me?” You say, “Sure, show me your idea.” I show you my idea and you say, “No, I don’t want to buy it.” But the problem is you already have it. It’s like going into a clothing store and you try on this suit and you take the suit off, you put on your street clothes, walk out, and somehow you still have the suit. It means that the only way I could sell you the information is to keep it secret. Of course, what makes information so valuable is the more it’s shared, the more it’s used, the more valuable it gets.
Secondly, in economics, one of the first things you learn is that the price system should, under competitive conditions, set prices equal to the cost of producing one more unit. That is what competition does and that is what every class in economics teaches. What’s the cost of producing one more unit of information; that is, replicating the same idea? The first person to invent, let’s say, the binomial theorem in mathematics, might have taken years to develop it. It takes only five minutes for that person to explain to the next person how they did it. Now, all you have to do is go on the Internet and you look at it, it’s already there. It costs nothing to produce, just as it costs nothing to produce another MP3 copy of a song or a piece of software. So what that says is that under competition, the price of intellectual property would go to zero. The producers of intellectual property say: “Well, if that happens I wouldn’t have an incentive to produce intellectual property.” So to prevent the price from going to zero, you give the producer of intellectual property a monopoly, i.e., nobody is allowed to use that except under terms that you define.
Of course, a monopoly is just the opposite of what capitalism is supposed to be. It’s supposed to be based on the competitive system. So in effect, what we have is a capitalist system that is not really based on capitalism with respect to intellectual property because it’s based on monopoly.
Tell us about how intellectual property rights confiscate creativity.
They confiscate creativity in several ways. First of all, a friend of a friend invents a new type of crank for a bicycle, which is not round and therefore it gives you a lot more power all the time. What would happen, obviously, is one of the large bike companies would take over this patent; take over this idea. The individual inventor, who’s selling little bits and pieces of what he is doing to specialized bike users, would lose out because there is no way that he could go up against a multinational corporation in a patent fight. It’s confiscation in that respect.
The second type of confiscation occurs because, in the case of the pharma- ceuticals, the public already paid for the intellectual property. That is, it supported the science that is then turned around and patented.
Even if the person who claims the intellectual property really did do the work that they say they did, it’s confiscation because they’re claiming the right to all the information and all the work, all the research that went before. That’s a third form of confiscation.
Finally, even if that person had thought of the idea out of whole cloth and had not depended on other scientists or researchers, that scientist still owes a lot to society because that scientist enjoyed the education and the upbringing from society as a whole. We take advantage of what society offers us. Society has provided enormous amounts of information and other inputs to make science possible. All of a sudden a single corporation steps in and says, “All that is mine.” I call that confiscation.
But there is something that goes beyond confiscation and that would be destruction of creativity. You get the destruction of creativity because the whole system becomes less friendly to creativity. When you work as a scientist in the corporation, it’s rare that scientists have the freedom to explore what they would like to do, where their interests are. They are often pushed into doing something that is in the corporate interest and has little to do with science. It may be just modifying some little thing so you can maintain the patent a little bit longer, even though it’s not an improvement. It may be that they’re just trying to get around a patent by copying something—what they call reverse engineering—and making it in a way that they can claim that it really doesn’t violate someone’s patent. This may be creative in a sense, but it’s not creating something new. It’s just working around a patent system.
You write, “It should be no surprise that today, when knowledge and information are so crucial to the economy, that the tradition of looting the commons extends to knowledge and information.”
Let me add to that. Scientific advances take about 20 or 30 years before they actually show up in a consumer product. We have a long tradition of relatively open science and a relatively short period of corporate science being so dominant. For centuries we have been putting scientific information into the commons, making it available. What is happening now is that the system of intellectual property is draining the commons. When you do that, the outcome should be a rapid increase in the development of new applications. But we’re not reinvesting in the scientific commons very much; we are short changing what we call basic science, the sort of science that would lead to the great products of the future, so we are looting the commons in the sense that we are draining all this previous information.
Do you have any ideas on what people can do to get ourselves out of this mess?
I wish I knew. There is something now called the Creative Commons and they are working hard to take information and put it into the public domain. But with corporate power increasing in the way it is, it becomes difficult to get around that.
It’s going to require a strong organizing. It is very difficult to even begin a discussion on a rational level. There are only a handful of people who seem to be taking a great interest in this problem. Maybe that is justified, given so many problems out there. It is certainly something that is going to impose a heavy cost on us sooner or later. It’s a very important subject and with the problems that we have been generating so quickly, we are going to need all the information shared as much as possible in order that we have any hope making this world into a better world.
Pierre Loiselle is a community radio enthusiast and freelance journalist living in Halifax, Nova Scotia.
From:Z Magazine Online May 2005 Volume 18 Number 5
To subscribe and support znet
Friends of the commons
What is the commons On this web site, we use the terms commons , common assets , common property and common wealth . They all refer to the same thing in slightly different ways.
Commons is the generic term. It embraces all the creations of nature and society that we inherit jointly and freely, and hold in trust for future generations.
Common assets are those parts of the commons that have a value in the market. Radio airwaves are a common asset, as are timber and minerals on public lands. So, increasingly, are air and water.
Common property refers to a class of human-made rights that lies somewhere between private property and state property. Examples include conservation easements held by land trusts, Alaskans’ right to dividends from the Alaska Permanent Fund, and everyone’s right to waterfront access.
Common wealth refers to the monetary and non-monetary value of the commons in supporting life and well-being. Like stockholders’ equity in a corporation, it may increase or decrease from year to year depending on how well the commons is managed.
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Mireault, Maria (1998) Cumulative lifetime stress variables as predictors of depression and chronic illness in women. Masters thesis, Concordia University.
Further progress in understanding the relationship between psychological stress and health may require examination of the cumulative effects of stress experienced across the lifespan. The main objectives of the present research were to learn more about the nature of stress experienced by women during the life course and to examine the relative contribution of cumulative lifetime stress to the prediction of depression and chronic illness. Data acquired from a sample of three hundred and eight women who volunteered for an earlier study examining the impact of changing lifestyles on health were analyzed for this study. Subjects completed a wide variety of psychosocial measures including a retrospective measure of lifetime stress, the Concordia Lifetime Stress Graph (CLSG). A qualitative analysis of the CLSG identified several differences in lifetime stress experienced by the younger and older women. Work-related stress was the most frequently reported stressor by women aged 30-59. In addition, work-related stress, separation and divorce were perceived as being the most stressful events by this age group. Women aged 60 and over reported death of a family member most frequently and also rated it as being the most stressful event experienced. Younger and older women also differed in the variability of lifetime stress experienced, however, they did not differ on mean lifetime stress. Results of the quantitative analyses indicated that cumulative lifetime stress, as measured by the CLSG is not related to depression or chronic physical illness in women. However, methodological problems may have influenced these findings and further research should be conducted before concluding that lifetime stress does not affect women's health.
|Divisions:||Concordia University > Faculty of Arts and Science > Psychology|
|Item Type:||Thesis (Masters)|
|Pagination:||xi, 126 leaves ; 29 cm.|
|Degree Name:||Theses (M.A.)|
|Thesis Supervisor(s):||Chaikelson, June|
|Deposited By:||Concordia University Libraries|
|Deposited On:||27 Aug 2009 17:12|
|Last Modified:||04 Nov 2016 18:00|
Repository Staff Only: item control page
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ERIC Number: ED100001
Record Type: RIE
Publication Date: 1974
Reference Count: 0
Middle School in the Making. Readings from "Educational Leadership".
Leeper, Robert R., Ed.
The 32 articles in this volume suggest many ideas to be considered in planning a middle school. The traditional junior high school organization and program have for some years caused much concern. This level of schooling has seemed to some to be too much influenced by the high school curriculum. Observations suggest that sixth graders are more compatible with seventh and eighth graders than with other elementary students and that ninth graders are more compatible with high school students. Contributions to this volume are presented in five sections that consider the rationale for the middle school, its definition, its pupils and teachers, its curriculum, and some examples of middle schools in action. The articles present guidelines for establishing goals and for planning and staffing middle schools. Photographs will reproduce poorly. (Author/DN)
Descriptors: Accountability, Curriculum Development, Educational Change, Educational Development, Educational Research, Junior High School Students, Junior High Schools, Middle Schools, Program Descriptions, School Organization, Self Actualization, Teacher Attitudes
Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1701 K Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006 (Stock No. 611-74024, $5.00)
Publication Type: Books
Education Level: N/A
Authoring Institution: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, Washington, DC.
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The search giant was ordered in December 2010 to delete the private information hoovered up by its Street View cars from open Wi-Fi networks.
But on Friday Google told the Information Commissioner's Office that human error prevented it from erasing the data, which could include the emails and passwords of millions of Britons.
Google admitted in May 2010 its Street View cars had mistakenly collected private information as they photographed homes and landmarks around the world.
It is not known exactly what private information was taken in the UK but regulators in the US found traces of medical records and web browsing history among the so-called "payload" data.
The news that Google has not purged all of the data taken from UK users 19 months after it was instructed to do so will cause further embarrassment for the company.
On Friday, the ICO said the retention of the data appeared to be a breach of the undertaking signed by Google in December 2010.
A spokesperson for the ICO said it would now conduct a forensic analysis of the data, meaning Google could be fined up to £500 000 if the material is found to be in breach of the Data Protection Act.
The company will be one of the first to have breached an undertaking by the ICO if the data is found to be in breach of the DPA.
The ICO said in a statement: "The ICO is clear that this information should never have been collected in the first place and the company's failure to secure its deletion as promised is cause for concern."
Google's global privacy counsel, Peter Fleischer, apologised for the error in a letter to the ICO on Friday. Google declined to comment beyond the letter, which was published on the ICO website.
The technology company is already being investigated by the ICO over claims it orchestrated a cover-up of the data collection in 2010.
Google declined to say when it realised it had not deleted all of the data.
Nick Pickles, director of privacy at the pressure group Big Brother Watch, said Google should never have been ordered to erase the information in the first place.
"We now have an opportunity to explore just how sensitive the information was," he said.
"Given that Google failed to respect people's privacy in the first place and subsequently failed to adhere to its agreement with the information commissioner, serious questions need to be asked to understand why Google seemingly sees itself as above the law.
"The information commissioner is hampered by a woeful lack of powers and is forced to trust organisations to tell the truth. Given Google's behaviour has called into question if that really is a proper way to protect our personal data, it must be right to now demand a proper regulator with the powers and punishments to fully protect British people's privacy." – © Guardian News and Media 2012
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Select a topic or year
ARMONK, N.Y. - 14 Mar 2013: IBM (NYSE: IBM) today announced the creation of the IBM Customer Experience Lab, dedicated to helping business leaders transform the way customers experience their products, services and brands through the use of mobile, social, cloud and advanced analytics technologies.
IBM Research scientists and business consultants will co-create with clients to deliver systems that learn and personalize the experiences of each individual customer, identify patterns, preferences and create context from Big Data, and drive scale economics.
The IBM Customer Experience Lab will provide CEOs, CMOs, CFOs, heads of sales and other C-suite executives direct access to a virtual team of 100 researchers, supported by the deep industry and domain expertise of thousands of IBM business consultants addressing the opportunities of the digital front office.
In a recent briefing for financial analysts, Bridget van Kralingen, senior vice president, IBM Global Business Services, called “front office transformation” – of sales, marketing or customer service functions -- the most important wave of business change since the advent of Enterprise Resource Planning in the 1990s.
“Business leaders realize they need to continuously transform their customer experience in order to be relevant and competitive – from the perception of innovation and value, to the quality of the interaction, to the economics of delivery,” said Mahmoud Naghshineh, vice president, Services Research at IBM. “What made them successful over the last decade, or even last year, may not be competitive in the future. We will help clients explore the possibilities presented by new assets, technologies and innovation models based on our engagement experiences with thousands of organizations across every industry.”
IBM researchers have participated in more than 1,000 IT business process and consulting client services engagements; 9,000 business analytics consultants have completed more than 30,000 client engagements over the last several years alone.
In the new age of Big Data and analytics, organizations are reassessing how to move from addressing mass audiences to personalized relationships. The same technologies allow enterprises to engage in new ways with their employees, allow government agencies to build new relationships with citizens, or enable new models of interaction among students and educational institutions.
IBM Research is developing technology assets and capabilities that can help deliver front office capabilities as a service from a cloud, design novel products to match customer preferences, and leverage math and psychological theories of personality to improve marketing effectiveness.
The Lab focuses on innovation breakthroughs in three primary areas:
· Customer insight. Applying advanced capabilities such as machine learning and visual analytics to predict differences in individual customer behavior across multiple channels.
· Customer engagement. Using deep customer engagement to drive insight and continuously deliver value by personalizing engagement, versus transactional experiences.
· Employee engagement. Embedding semantic, collaborative, and multimedia technologies to foster employee engagement and insight – in person and online.
Among the clients engaged with IBM on advancing their innovation process are Nationwide Building Society, the world’s largest building society serving 15 million members in the United Kingdom, and Banorte, one of the largest banks in Mexico with more than 20 million customers.
“Mobile and social technologies, and the ability to access information anytime, anywhere, is driving significant change in the way consumers bank and in the services they expect,” said Martin Boyle, Divisional Director of Transformation, Nationwide Building Society. “Our ability to innovate and anticipate, and not just respond, is what sets us apart from the competition and helps us to provide our customers with new and better ways to do business with us. By partnering with IBM, we can tap into its vast research and innovation expertise and facilities, which has already proved invaluable in our transformation program and will continue to be an important part in how we continue to innovate our service for customers.”
New Tools and Capabilities
The Lab provides IBM clients with an innovation process, assets and platform to give line of business leaders the exclusive ability to work side-by-side with IBM researchers and business consultants to analyze business challenges and jointly create solutions that integrate next-generation mobile, social, analytics and cloud technologies.
Co-creation with clients includes an innovation model called Innovation Discovery Workshops, which generate ideas, roadmaps, prototypes and solutions that draw on research assets, business consulting and IBM Software solutions in areas such as Smarter Commerce, Big Data, analytics, and Mobile First products.
The IBM Customer Experience Lab will be headquartered at the Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, N.Y., supported by researchers at IBM’s 12 global labs including Africa, Brazil, California, China, India, Israel, Japan, Switzerland, and Texas. The Lab brings together skills across disciplines including service science, industries research, mathematics and business optimization, social, mobile, Smarter Commerce, data mining, cloud computing, security and privacy, cognitive computing and systems management.
IBM invests more than $6 billion annually on research and development and employs about 3,000 researchers worldwide. IBM Global Business Services deploys business consulting, applications and delivery expertise globally, including market-leading business analytics, Smarter Commerce, mobility and applications management practices.
For more information about the IBM Customer Experience Lab, visit http://www.research.ibm.com/articles/customer-experience-lab.shtml. Follow IBM’s innovation breakthroughs on Twitter at @IBMResearch.
|Energy & Utilities
News about IBM solutions for the energy and utility industries
News about IBM solutions that turn information into actionable insights.
|IBM Cloud Computing
Gain access to your applications from anywhere, at any time.
Chemistry, computer science, electrical engineering, materials and mathematical sciences, physics and services science
|Services and solutions
Images related to IBM's Smarter Planet initiative
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I have been fortunate to travel this great country a fair amount. Everywhere I go I see and talk with hardworking people with great values, morals and ethics. It seems to me there is a large disconnect between people's attitudes and the attitudes presented in the media as being the norm or representing the majority. I am of the opinion those attitudes often do not represent the majority of Americans.
So why is it presented that way? I call it the "silent majority." If the majority does not get involved in fighting the sleaze of the world, the minority sleaze, who are very active in their causes, soon appear to be the majority, when in fact they are not.
I encourage all to become active in letting others know of your attitudes. Be willing to stand for what you feel is correct. Use your Facebook, Twitter or other social media sites to express your views. Become familiar with your state and federal representatives' email addresses and use them often. Use the opinion sections of newspapers and other media outlets to let your voice be heard. Be willing to contact media outlets. Whatever you choose as your method, don't stand nonchalantly by thinking "all is well" — that's what the frog in the warm water pot thought.
Copyright 2017, Deseret News Publishing Company
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Arthur, William (1857) An Etymological Dictionary of Family and Christian Names. New York: Sheldon, Blakeman. Public Domain.
There are approximately 2,742 people named Colton in the UK. That makes it the 3,521th most common surname overall. Out of every million people in the UK, approximately 43 are named Colton.
Region of origin
Country of origin
Language of origin
Religion of origin
Location or Geographical Feature
Related and similar surnamesCalton
The Colton surname in historical dictionaries
An Etymological Dictionary of Family and Christian Names (1857)
Patronymica Britannica (1860)
Lower, Mark A (1860) Patronymica Britannica: a dictionary of the family names of the United Kingdom. London: J.R. Smith. Public Domain.
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Based on IHRC’s conference of the same name, this book presents nine contributions from scholar-activists looking at how human rights as theory and practice have been co-opted by the US as part of a brutal, racist and colonial foreign and domestic policy. This book is a must read for anyone concerned not just with US double-standards but also the adulteration of the ideals of human rights as transformative discourse.
With papers from Saied R. Ameli, Laurens de Rooij, Mary K. Ryan, Saeed A. Khan, Tasneem Chopra, Sandew Hira, Ramon Grosfoguel, Rajeesh Kumar and Sohail Daulatzai.
“The promotion of human rights would be deemed a noble, constructive pursuit, ostensibly intended to create and promote universal standards of justice, equality and dignity. But the reality is often misaligned with the rhetoric, when in the name of human rights, hegemonic forces seek to dehumanize and devalue societies and peoples.
“This volume explores the American weaponization of human rights, as a discourse and a system of policies, as it institutionalizes racism, injustice and inequality, through the codification and imposition of Eurocentric frames of power that are, in fact, antithetical to both the principles and promise of human rights, i.e. a new expression of colonialism.”
- Saeed Khan, Senior Lecturer, Near East & Asian Studies and Global Studies, Wayne State University.
“The New Colonialism: The American Model of Human Rights should be essential reading for those who seek to understand how promotion of human rights has been a tool for American and Western colonisation of the physical space, cyberspace, and cultural imperialism.”
- Mohideen Abdul Kader, Universal Justice Network.
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Observables and Symmetries of n-Plectic Manifolds (BestMasters) by Leonid Ryvkin
2016 | ISBN: 3658123893 | English | 50 pages | PDF | 0.7 MB
Leonid Ryvkin gives a motivated and self-sustained introduction to n-plectic geometry with a special focus on symmetries. The relevant algebraic structures from scratch are developed. The author generalizes known symplectic notions, notably observables and symmetries, to the n-plectic case, culminating in solving the existence question for co-moment maps for general pre-n-plectic manifolds. Finally partial results scattered along the literature are derived from our general result.
Links are Interchangeable - No Password - Single Extraction
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One of the projects that was developed from the experiences of WHW Akademija was Communities of Learning, Bridging the Gap of Isolation, initiated by WHW and supported by the Culture of Solidarity Fund of the European Cultural Foundation.
Through exhibitions, educational and discursive program in online formats and in physical spaces, this collaborative program challenged the condition of closures by reclaiming co-learning and conviviality as a collective platform for generating strategies of deconfinement, applicable in wider social contexts.
Among versatile collaborations between WHW and diffrent European organisations such are State of Concept from Athens, Bulegoa zenbaki barik in Bilbao, Can Altay with Ahali and platform Parrhesiades form London, local partners were experimental gallery GMK and Kurziv, publisher of non-profit media portal Kulturpunkt.hr.
Through collaborative activities by GMK and Kulturpunkt we tackled the question how can platform of education and culture open its doors for socially vulnerable?
Within the GMK activities in June 2021, artist Theo Prodromidis, in collaboration with Espi Tomičić and Lucija Klarić, with the participation of Jafar Hamadani, Miran Kramar, Severina Lajtman, Manuel Tairovski and Erin Vlahović, conducted a several-week workshop process as part of his research project 30yrs1d. It explored the production of citizenship in the last 30 years and the methods, successes and failures by which we jointly decide who will acquire it and how we can support someone to appropriate that right.
The presentation of the project took place in Zagreb on July 1 in a performative format in the park in front of the Booksa club, while the installation was on display in the GMK spaces from July 2nd to July 10th.
Kulturpunkt's journalism school – World of Art is a one-semester educational program for young participants aged 18 to 30 who want to acquire essential knowledge and skills in the fields of contemporary cultural, artistic and media practices. The program is implemented by the association Kurziv, the publisher of the portal Kulturpunkt.hr. The thirteenth edition of Kulturpunkt's journalism school – World of Art was realized in cooperation with the WHW.
Ten participants attended journalism workshops and lectures in the field of contemporary visual and performing arts. Some of the lectures were held at the Showroom of Gallery Nova (Lea Vene - New media practices, December 8th; Ana Fazekaš - Introduction to performing arts, December 13th; Igor Ružić - Performing arts and the 1990s, December 20th).
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A small town of fishermen, agriculturists, sailors that has recently become a place of excellent experts in tourism and catering (1000 inhabitants).
The town is in the southeast of Murter, the biggest island in the archipelago of the region. It is interesting that the island is connected with land by a bridge 30 meters long.
Jezera is situated in a bay (in the form of a horseshoe) surrounded by the picturesque hills. Because of its position the town is not exposed to the blasts of the wind and it's an ideal Port for ships.
The beauty of the sea and a number of small islands surround it and in its vicinity there are two national parks "Kornati" and "Krka".
Jezera is yours dear friend, yours second home and a magic oasis of your memories.
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This year, the U.S. will pick a new president using electronic voting machines that can be hacked, security experts said Thursday at the RSA Conference in San Francisco.
These systems are supposed to take the guesswork out of vote-counting. The problem is that they are insecure, and now states are being forced to make do with buggy equipment, panel members agreed. "We have spent billions of dollars on equipment," Wagner said. "We don't have another several billion dollars."
TVNL Comment: We have a hacked democracy. George W. Bush was never elected by the people of this nation. He is a criminal, as is his entire administration. And the criminals are seeing to it that their reign continues.
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Comprehensive information about suicide. What to do if you're feeling suicidal, how to help the suicidal person, why people kill themselves and more. In addition, you’ll find suicide hotline numbers and other resources.
Suicide Hotline Phone Numbers
If you feel suicidal or you're in a crisis situation and need immediate assistance, people at these suicide hotlines in the U.S. are there to help.
- 1-800-273-8255 (1-800-273-TALK) - National Suicide Prevention Lifeline
- 1-800-784-2433 (1-800-SUICIDE) - National Hopeline Network
- 1-866-488-7386 (1-866-4.U.TREVOR aimed at gay and questioning youth)
Information on Suicide Hotlines and Suicide Chat
- Suicide Hotline Phone Numbers
- Reasons People Call a Suicide Crisis Hotline
- Suicide Hotline: What Happens When You Call?
- How Does a Suicide Prevention Hotline Prevent Suicide?
- Suicide Prevention Chat: How Does it Work?
- Suicide Chat Hotline Options
- Suicide Help Chat: A Viable Option to Calling a Crisis Line?
- How to Become a Suicide Hotline Volunteer
- Considering Suicide? STOP!
- Feeling Suicidal? How To Help Yourself
- Coping With Feelings and Thoughts of Suicide
- Reasons for Living Can Prevent Suicide During Depression
- Author Chronicles Her Struggles With Suicidal Thoughts
Helping Someone Who Is Suicidal
- How to Help the Suicidal Person
- How to Talk to a Suicidal Person
- Is Talking About Suicide with a Suicidal Person Dangerous?
- How to Help a Suicidal Person: Take Them Seriously
- Helping a Suicidal Friend or Relative
- Handling A Phone Call From A Suicidal Person
- How Do I Help A Friend In A Hospital For Drug Treatment And A Suicide Attempt?
- How to Help Suicidal Older Men and Women
General Information About Suicide
- Understanding and Helping the Suicidal Person
- Depression: Understanding Thoughts of Suicide
- Frequently Asked Questions About Suicide
- Suicide Facts, Suicide Statistics, Teen Suicide Statistics
- Suicide: The Risk is Lifelong for Those Who've Tried It Once
- Suicide Risk Runs in Families
- High-Suicide Families Eyed By Genetic Scientists
- Why People Kill Themselves, Commit Suicide
- Why Do People Kill Themselves?
- Why Live When You Feel Like Dying?
- Facts About Suicide
- Suicide FAQs
- Coping with Suicide
Suicide and Mental Disorders
- Suicide Prevention: Bipolar and Suicide
- Suicide, A Very Real Threat to a Person with Bipolar Disorder
- Depression: Suicide and Self Injury
- Eating Disorders Linked to Suicide Risk
- Depressed Veterans and Suicide
- Schizophrenia and Suicide
Youth (Child and Teen) Suicide
Suicide Information for Teens
- For Teens Dealing with Thoughts of Suicide
- Teen Suicide: Feel Suicidal? What Now?
- Where Can Suicidal Teens Turn for Help?
- Teen Suicide Hotlines and Chat: Get Help Now
- Is Turning to Social Media for Teen Suicide Help A Good Idea?
- Teen Suicide Stories: You Don't Have To Become One
- For Teens: Dealing with a Parent's Suicide
Teen Suicide Information for Parents
- Teen Suicide Warning Signs: What Parents Should Look For
- What To Do If Your Teen is Suicidal?
- Why Do Teens Commit Suicide? Causes of Teen Suicide
- Bullying, Cyberbullying and Teen Suicide
- Teen Suicide Prevention: What Parents Need To Know
- Teen Suicide Statistics, Rates, and Facts
More Teen Suicide Articles for Parents
- Why Teens Consider Suicide
- Suicide and Teenagers
- Risk Factors for Child and Teen Suicide
- Is My Child Contemplating Suicide?
- Suicide in Youth: What You Can Do About It
- Study Links Depression and Suicide Rates to Teen Sex
- A Suicide: No Warning Of Her Decision To End Her Life
- Parents Surviving the Suicide of Their Child
- Intervening in Child and Teen Suicide
Therapy for Helping Suicidal Person
After a Suicide
- Effects of Suicide on Family Members, Loved Ones
- Suicide: Family Members’ Grief and Loss
- Dealing with Anger and Guilt After a Suicide
- Coping With Loss: Bereavement and Grief
Gay Teen Suicide
- Gay Teen Suicide: Risk Factors, Statistics, Where to Get Help
- Gay is OK! What You Need To Know About Gay Teen Suicide
Books on Suicide
- Night Falls Fast: Understanding Suicide by Kay Redfield Jamison
- The Savage God: A Study of Suicide by A. Alvarez
- Healing After the Suicide of a Loved One by A. Smolin, J. Guinan
- Grieving a Suicide: A Loved One's Search for Comfort, Answers & Hope by Albert Y. Hsu
- No Time to Say Goodbye: Surviving The Suicide Of A Loved One by Carla Fine
- Prayers for Bobby: A Mother's Coming to Terms with the Suicide of Her Gay Son by Leroy Aarons
- When Nothing Matters Anymore: A Survival Guide for Depressed Teens by Bey Cobain
- Crisis center in your area
- American Association of Suicidology (AAS).
- The Trevor Project - Saving Young Lives. Aimed to gay and questioning youth
back to: Browse All Articles on HealthyPlace
|
<urn:uuid:5c442591-d73e-4abe-a4a2-8f19e08e2fd3>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.healthyplace.com/other-info/suicide/suicide-suicidal-thoughts-and-behaviors-toc/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00429-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.733379
| 1,161
| 2.046875
| 2
|
The hybrid buses evaluated were part of an order of 125 Orion VII hybrid buses with the BAE Systems series hybrid propulsion system. The buses started service in March 2004 at Mother Clara Hale Depot in Manhattan and later were also introduced at Queens Village Depot in Queens. This group of buses is the first large commercial hybrid bus delivery for Orion and BAE Systems. NYCT expected the 125 hybrid buses to seamlessly replace diesel buses after special training for high power and troubleshooting and battery conditioning activities were completed.
The CNG evaluation presented in this report includes 10 CNG Orion VII buses (model year 2002) chosen at random at West Farms Depot and nine diesel Orion V buses (model year 1994) used as a depot baseline. The baseline fleet for this evaluation is nearing the end of its useful life at NYCT (11 out of 12 years of planned use). The newer CNG buses have generally replaced the diesel buses at the depot with higher usage and lower operating costs. While comparison of newer technology to older diesel buses is not optimal, having a baseline is still valuable to fleets considering these advanced buses. In many cases, the buses being replaced are similar to those of NYCT: near or past their planned life.
The hybrid evaluation presented in this report includes 10 hybrid Orion VII buses (model year
chosen at random at Mother Clara Hale Depot and nine diesel Orion V buses (model year
used as a depot baseline. Although the bus model years differ by only three years, because
the hybrid buses did not go into service until 2004, the diesel buses are five years older in terms of operations experience. The newer hybrid buses have generally replaced the diesel bus fleet at the depot with similar usage and much higher fuel economy and better fuel cost per mile performance.
One note of context for this evaluation: The DDC Series 50 engine is no longer available for new transit buses. Both the diesel and CNG engines are no longer available.
The evaluation presented in this report includes comparisons of CNG and hybrid Orion VII buses to older diesel buses at the two depots for bus usage, fuel economy, and miles between roadcalls (MBRC). Because of the age difference of the diesel buses and the CNG and hybrid buses (as well as warranty costs), the maintenance cost per mile comparisons are only accomplished between the CNG and hybrid Orion VII buses. The comparison of the Orion VII CNG and hybrid buses includes buses that are the same age and the same bus platform. The CNG buses at West Farms Depot and the hybrid buses at Mother Clara Hale Depot have been operated on similar duty-cycles and the maintenance practices at the two depots appear to be similar.
The implementation experience of the CNG (260 buses) and hybrid (125 buses) fleets went well, and the buses were quickly put into full service. NYCT, Orion, and BAE Systems reported that the buses are performing well from a systems perspective. West Farms Depot built a large CNG compression station that has the ability to move 6,600 scfm of natural gas and fuel buses in less than 5 minutes. Combustible gas detection was added for the maintenance area to accommodate the use of natural gas buses. The hybrid buses required that adequate space be available at the Mother Clara Hale facility for two battery conditioning stations.
|
<urn:uuid:91630767-3f40-484b-9577-e5e4fb1f319f>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
https://www.hitpages.com/doc/4505086222925824/7/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00274-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.959774
| 662
| 1.796875
| 2
|
We all have the habit of always making some excuses for other people, and we would think a lot of different scenarios in order to explain them and their flaky or odd behavior or we will also believe our own lies rather than getting disappointed.
However, one day, we will realize that when we are making more excuses for others, we get even more hurt. When we lie to ourselves, other people will lie even more to us.
So, we will learn how to stop. We will stop decoding confusing messages or reading between the lines, as those that care about us enough are always going to send us messages which we do not have to question or analyze.
We will stop tolerating others that say more than they should or do just a little, and we will learn to let the actions they take speak instead. We will stop making any exceptions for those that do not make some exceptions for us.
We should stop escaping our own way for those that just want us when they need something from us. We should not be there for those that were not there for us when we needed them.
We should stop reaching out to the people that will only respond to us when they think they should.
We should stop thinking that other people will respond to our kindness with the same thing – some people will respond to our kindness only with selfishness.
We should stop thinking that other people may be busy and they do not have enough time to message us. It is everything about priorities. We should stop believing senseless words which lose their meanings when the sun rises.
We should stop being understanding and then start being more rational. We should stop complicating our lives and instead start simplifying them.
Those that care about us are always going to find some ways of being there, while those that do not care about us are still going to find ways of running away. It is that simple.
Those that love us are always going to show us, and tell us. However, those that do not love us are always going to love us just when they need our love, after that forgetting us.
Those that want us to be present in their lives are always going to make the needed effort, and stay in contact with us, remembering birthdays, milestones, and occasions, and will constantly ask about us. Those that don’t, are always going to be in the grey area between friends and strangers or lovers and friends.
We should stop seeing others in the shades of the color grey. People can be either white or black. They will be with us or against us. They will love us, or they will not love us.
They will care about us, or they will not bother with that. They will make excuses about not being in our life, or they will find some reasons for being in it.
∼If you like our article, give Conscious Reminder a thumbs up, and help us spread LOVE & LIGHT!∼
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<urn:uuid:61769ed2-71ec-4608-8631-2223eec514d2>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://consciousreminder.com/2019/03/16/i-dont-justify-or-make-excuses-for-people-anymore/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.97405
| 601
| 2.0625
| 2
|
tr utility copies the standard input
to the standard output with substitution or deletion of selected
The options are as follows:
- Complements the set of characters in string1; for instance, “-C ab” includes every character except for ‘a’ and ‘b’.
- The same as
-doption causes characters to be deleted from the input.
-soption squeezes multiple occurrences of the characters listed in the last operand (either string1 or string2) in the input into a single instance of the character. This occurs after all deletion and translation is completed.
In the first synopsis form, the characters in string1 are translated into the characters in string2 where the first character in string1 is translated into the first character in string2 and so on. If string1 is longer than string2, the last character found in string2 is duplicated until string1 is exhausted.
In the second synopsis form, the characters in string1 are deleted from the input.
In the third synopsis form, the characters in
string1 are compressed as described for the
In the fourth synopsis form, the characters in
string1 are deleted from the input, and the characters
in string2 are compressed as described for the
The following conventions can be used in string1 and string2 to specify sets of characters:
- Any character not described by one of the following conventions represents itself.
- A backslash followed by 1, 2, or 3 octal digits represents a character with that encoded value. To follow an octal sequence with a digit as a character, left zero-pad the octal sequence to the full 3 octal digits.
- A backslash followed by certain special characters maps to special values.
- <alert character>
- <carriage return>
- <vertical tab>
A backslash followed by any other character maps to that character.
- Represents the range of characters between the range endpoints, inclusively.
- Represents all characters belonging to the defined character class. Class
- <alphanumeric characters>
- <alphabetic characters>
- <blank characters>
- <control characters>
- <numeric characters>
- <graphic characters>
- <lower-case alphabetic characters>
- <printable characters>
- <punctuation characters>
- <space characters>
- <upper-case characters>
- <hexadecimal characters>
With the exception of the “upper” and “lower” classes, characters in the classes are in unspecified order. In the “upper” and “lower” classes, characters are entered in ascending order.
For specific information as to which ASCII characters are included in these classes, see isalnum(3), isalpha(3), and related manual pages.
- Represents all characters or collating (sorting) elements belonging to the same equivalence class as equiv. If there is a secondary ordering within the equivalence class, the characters are ordered in ascending sequence. Otherwise, they are ordered after their encoded values. An example of an equivalence class might be “c” and “ch” in Spanish; English has no equivalence classes.
- Represents n repeated occurrences of the character represented by #. This expression is only valid when it occurs in string2. If n is omitted or is zero, it is interpreted as large enough to extend the string2 sequence to the length of string1. If n has a leading zero, it is interpreted as an octal value; otherwise, it's interpreted as a decimal value.
tr utility exits 0 on success,
and >0 if an error occurs.
The following examples are shown as given to the shell:
Create a list of the words in file1, one per line, where a word is taken to be a maximal string of letters.
$ tr -cs "[:alpha:]" "\n" < file1
Translate the contents of file1 to upper-case.
$ tr "[:lower:]" "[:upper:]" < file1
Strip out non-printable characters from file1.
$ tr -cd "[:print:]" < file1
tr utility is compliant with the
IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 (“POSIX.1”)
specification, except that the
-C option behaves the
same as the
-c option since
tr is not locale-aware.
System V has historically implemented character ranges using the syntax “[c-c]” instead of the “c-c” used by historic BSD implementations and standardized by POSIX. System V shell scripts should work under this implementation as long as the range is intended to map in another range, i.e., the command “tr [a-z] [A-Z]” will work as it will map the ‘[’ character in string1 to the ‘[’ character in string2. However, if the shell script is deleting or squeezing characters as in the command “tr -d [a-z]”, the characters ‘[’ and ‘]’ will be included in the deletion or compression list, which would not have happened under an historic System V implementation. Additionally, any scripts that depended on the sequence “a-z” to represent the three characters ‘a’, ‘-’, and ‘z’ will have to be rewritten as “a\-z”.
tr utility has historically not
permitted the manipulation of NUL bytes in its input and, additionally, has
stripped NUL's from its input stream. This implementation has removed this
behavior as a bug.
tr utility has historically been
extremely forgiving of syntax errors: for example, the
-s options were
ignored unless two strings were specified. This implementation will not
permit illegal syntax.
It should be noted that the feature wherein the last character of string2 is duplicated if string2 has less characters than string1 is permitted by POSIX but is not required. Shell scripts attempting to be portable to other POSIX systems should use the “[#*]” convention instead of relying on this behavior.
|
<urn:uuid:7257007d-b67d-47cb-af09-9173fae5b131>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://man.openbsd.org/OpenBSD-current/man1/tr.1
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00267.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.899092
| 1,583
| 3.34375
| 3
|
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