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Josef Stalin's only daughter has died in Wisconsin at the age of 85. Lana Peters—born Svetlana Alliluyeva Stalin—handed the US a massive Cold War publicity coup when she defected to the US in 1967, publicly burning her Soviet passport, and declaring: "I have come here to seek the self-expression that has been denied me for so long in Russia." A memoir she published soon after arriving in the US, in which she described her father as distant and paranoid, became a best-seller.
Peters, who left two children behind in the Soviet Union, once said she would always be "a political prisoner of my father's name," AP notes. "People say, 'Stalin's daughter, Stalin's daughter,' meaning I'm supposed to walk around with a rifle and shoot the Americans," she said in a 2007 interview. "Or they say, `No, she came here. She is an American citizen.' That means I'm with a bomb against the others. No, I'm neither one. I'm somewhere in between. That 'somewhere in between' they can't understand."
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Lack of vital exercise rehab 'hitting lung condition patients'
Published 22/10/2013 | 05:00
THE founder of new patient group for people with a serious lung condition has warned many are losing out on the benefits of supervised exercise, because of a lack of hospital facilities.
Michael McGloin (64) from Sligo is President of COPD Ireland, a new national charity set up to support people living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
More than 440,000 people have the lung condition, which makes it difficult to breathe.
Mr McGloin was diagnosed around 15 years ago after smoking around 80 cigarettes a day.
"One of our aims is to extend the number of hospitals offering exercise rehab.
" It transformed my life," said Mr McGloin, who cannot breathe without an oxygen tank.
He began his exercise regime in St Michael's Hospital in Dun Laoghaire and now avails of the service in Sligo Hospital – but many others are not so lucky.
"It needs to be done in hospital under supervision. "People think they cannot possibly exercise but just 30 seconds on the bike and treadmill makes a big difference to lung function," he added.
"Having a national support group is essential.
"The death rate from COPD in Ireland is the highest in Europe – higher than Kazakhstan and Romania."
After he collapsed with a respiratory arrest, Mr McGloin had to give up his work in a garage where the fumes exacerbated the condition.
Free screening will be available from specialist nurses in different locations around Ireland from November 18 -22.
See www.copd.ie for more details.
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Very Short Travel Quotes Ideas. Travel is the healthiest addiction. 2 “to travel is to live.”.
Here are the 50 best travel quotes of all time (in my humble opinion). “a journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step.”. “if you think adventures are dangerous, try routine:
Starting With Louis Armstrong's Short Travel Quote, He Thinks To Himself How Beautiful The World Is.
“a journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step.”. Major travel accomplishments are fantastic, but often the best and most memorable travel adventures cannot be planned. 5 “take only memories, leave only footprints.”.
24) Bizarre Travel Plans Are Dancing Lessons From God.
“never did the world make a queen of a girl who hides in houses and dreams without traveling.” ~ roman payne. 22) traveling is like flirting with life. “travel is a state of mind.”.
I Love Reading Travel And Adventure Quotes That Inspire Me To Travel Especially Short Travel Quotes Which Are Memorable And Easy To Remember.
Life is a journey, not a destination. 23) a journey of a thousand miles, must begin with a single step. “oh darling, let’s be adventurers.”.
“Life Is Either A Daring Adventure Or Nothing At All.”.
Often, traveling makes us humble and grateful for everything that we have right now. 2 “to travel is to live.”. 21) happiness is not a state to arrive at, but a manner of travelling.
Try New Things, Meet New People, And Look.
Travel makes one modest, you see what a tiny place you occupy in the world. Some of them may seem to be more inspirational than travel, but in my world, the two are intertwined. 4 “oh the places you’ll go.”.
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Legionella has been found in Oakwood schools following its annual testing of the water supply system throughout the district, according to a notification sent to families this week.
After receiving results Wednesday, the district said legionella bacteria was found at OJH/OHS and Smith Elementary.
Following the recommendations of Solid Blend Water Management Solutions, local experts in water testing and remediation, water usage in those buildings was immediately limited, with water fountains and sinks closed, according to the district.
Treatment of the water system at the junior high/high school took place on Friday, the district said. Smith’s water supply will be treated early next week and that building will have no water during the treatment process.
Retesting at both buildings will be done next week, following the completion of the treatment process, according to the district. Sinks and water fountains will remain closed until the district receives negative test results, indicating bacteria has been eliminated. Test results typically take one week.
This is the third year in a row Legionella has been found in Oakwood schools.
The bacteria was found the week of August 3, 2020 in a girl’s restroom on the second floor of Smith Elementary, officials said.
Legionella was also found at Smith Elementary last year.
Two years ago, Kettering City Schools, Vandalia Butler City Schools, Milton-Union Schools and Northmont City Schools also found the bacteria in the water supplies in their buildings.
“Oakwood Schools will continue to work with Solid Blend to create a plan to reduce the likelihood of the reappearance of the bacteria in the future,” the district said.
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There are more than 60 known diseases which can be transmitted from dogs and cats to humans. Most of them can easily be avoided through elementary hygienic measures. Some of them, though, are a serious danger. In Cape Verde there are no known cases of rabies, the most dangerous zoonosis. The most common zoonoses in Praia are parasitic diseases as follows:
Some of the tapeworms living in a dog‘s bowels can cause cysticercosis in the human body. Cysts containing tapeworm larvae develop in various organs like liver, lung or in the brain and even can reach the size of a football. The pressure on organs and the rupture of cysts can cause life-threatening situations.
Round worms of the dog occur worldwide. Round worms also parasitise in the bowels of animals. The eggs of the parasite are released with an animal´s feces, and develop into infectious larvae. The intake of these larvae by humans can cause high fever and liver damage. Children are affected first of all, because they often play on the ground or in the sand.
Scabies mites live in the top dermal layer and perforate it with channels to feed on tissue. This causes a very painful bloody acarodermatitis which leads to alopecia, incrustation, bleeding, emaciation, and eventually to death. Humans regularly get infected by dog scabies. Although the disease cannot spread as dramatically as in the dog, the skin is damaged and therefore the body‘s defenses are affected. The vulnerability to infections of the skin and the whole organism increases.
Dogs with scabies before treatment
Sombi and Porki after treatment
Skin fungus mostly appear when the body‘s defenses are reduced. There are several sorts of skin fungi, likewise important for humans and animals.
Fungus Infections on the skin of debilitated dogs are transmittable to humans, especially when the body‘s defenses are reduced through infections, parasites or malnourishment. In Praia children often suffer from a scabby dermatitis in the area of the head, which is mainly engendered by fungi, but in most of the cases comes from mixed infections. In addition to fungi, mites and bacteria are involved.
Fleas are not choosey in picking their victims. The potential transmission of infectious diseases on the human by a flea bite is significant.
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2 Kings 22New Life Version (NLV)
Josiah Rules Judah
22 Josiah was eight years old when he became king. He ruled for thirty-one years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Jedidah the daughter of Adaiah of Bozkath. 2 Josiah did what is right in the eyes of the Lord. He walked in all the way of his father David. He did not turn aside to the right or to the left.
Hilkiah Finds the Book of the Law
3 In the eighteenth year of King Josiah, the king sent Shaphan the writer, the son of Azaliah, son of Meshullam, to the house of the Lord. He said, 4 “Go up to Hilkiah the head religious leader, that he may add up the money brought into the Lord’s house which the door-keepers have gathered from the people. 5 Let the money be given to the workmen who are watching over the work on the Lord’s house. And let them give it to the workmen who are doing the work on the Lord’s house. 6 Have them pay the builders and the men who work with wood and with stone. Have them use it for buying wood and cut stone needed to work on the house. 7 But do not make them tell you how the money was spent that was given to them. For they are honest men.”
8 Then Hilkiah the head religious leader said to Shaphan the writer, “I have found the Book of the Law in the house of the Lord.” And Hilkiah gave the book to Shaphan, and he read it. 9 Then Shaphan the writer came to the king and told him, “Your servants have taken all the money found in the house. And they have given it to the workmen who are watching over the work on the Lord’s house.” 10 Then Shaphan the writer told the king, “Hilkiah the religious leader has given me a book.” And Shaphan read it in front of the king. 11 When the king heard the words of the Book of the Law, he tore his clothes. 12 Then he told Hilkiah the religious leader, Ahikam the son of Shaphan, Achbor the son of Micaiah, Shaphan the writer, and Asaiah the king’s servant, 13 “Go, ask the Lord for me and all Judah about the words of this book that has been found. For the Lord is very angry with us, because our fathers have not listened to the words of this book. They have not done all that is written for us to do.”
14 So Hilkiah the religious leader, Ahikam, Achbor, Shaphan and Asaiah went to Huldah the woman who spoke for God. She was the wife of Shallum the son of Tikvah, son of Harhas, and watched over the clothes of the house. (She lived in the Second Part of Jerusalem.) They spoke to her. 15 She said to them, “This is what the Lord God of Israel says. Tell the man who sent you to me 16 that the Lord says, ‘See, I will bring trouble upon this place and upon its people. All the words of the book which the king of Judah has read will come true 17 because they have turned away from Me and have burned special perfume to other gods. They have made Me angry with all the work of their hands. So My anger burns against this place, and it will not be stopped.’ 18 But tell the king of Judah who sent you to ask of the Lord, ‘This is what the Lord God of Israel says about the words you have heard. 19 “You heard how I spoke against this place and against its people. I said that they should be destroyed and laid waste. They should be hated and destroyed. But when you heard this, you were sorry in your heart. You put away your pride before the Lord. You have torn your clothes and cried before Me, and I have heard you,” says the Lord. 20 “So I will gather you to your fathers, and you will be gathered to your grave in peace. Your eyes will not see all the trouble which I will bring upon this place.”’” So they returned to the king and told him what was said.
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- In Obama's last stop on an African visit, he pushes for partnerships on energy
- He also attended a wreath-laying ceremony with former President George W. Bush
- The ceremony was at the memorial for those killed in a 1998 terror attack
President Barack Obama concluded his trip to Africa Tuesday after making a final pitch for partnership at a Tanzanian power plant.
Some 70% of Africans lack access to reliable electricity, Obama said, and the United States can help bring more power on line.
"The first step that we're going to take is to try to bring electricity to 20 million homes and businesses," he said.
The president spoke at the Symbion Power Plant at Ubungo, was had been idle until the Tanzanian government used U.S. help to revamp it.
"This is just the beginning. We look forward to even more companies joining this effort," he said.
Such partnerships create more jobs and exports in the United States, he said.
Before his remarks, Obama kicked around an energy-generating soccer ball that harnesses kinetic energy to provide power.
"I don't want to get too technical, but I thought it was pretty cool," Obama said.
Also Tuesday, Obama was joined by former President George W. Bush for a wreath-laying ceremony at the U.S. Embassy in Dar es Salaam, the site of a 1998 terror attack that killed 10 Tanzanians and injured more than 85 Americans and Tanzanians.
Survivors of the bombing were present as Obama and Bush stood by the wreath at a memorial that is on a piece of rock under a big tree near the entrance to the embassy.
Obama was in Africa to promote an increased partnership amid criticism the United States has, outside of military interests, focused its attention on other areas of the world.
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[NOTE: I'm not The Devil, and I know I'm late to the party on this, but fuck it. You can't have too many reminders.]
OK. We had an "asset bubble." Lots of things were overpriced. That house you bought for £200,000 was actually only worth £150,000. Share in a company were priced at £3.30 but were actually only worth £2.50.
These things happen. Sometimes speculators drive the estimated value of things up higher than they should be. Whether tulips, south sea trading rights or housing this stuff has been going since year dot and will happen from time to time pretty much forever.
When senses return and the bubble bursts, a load of people are left with assets that are worth less than they paid for them. In today's case, the 'victims are the banks'. Northern Rock doled out billions on pounds to people who couldn't afford to repay it, on the basis of properties that weren't worth their valuation. In order to "save the world", resident genius G. Brown stepped in with colossal quantities of cash to help the bank stay afloat.
As more institutions realised they were in the same fucking hole, so they turned to us—via our representatives—for help. Which would be great, except for the small detail that we can't afford the losses either. Consequently, no-one dares to lend money to anyone else all of a sudden. And when your economy is largely based on credit (who buys a sofa for cash these days?) that spells trouble. Anyway, because we "can't let these institutions fail" we're the ones stuck with all this shit.
So now, the Government is encouraging the printing of money. £200 billion of it thus far. This is supposed to be used so that the banks will start giving credit to people and they can spend it on stuff and then we'll all be happy and somehow one day we'll be able to pay the £200 billion back.
Only here's the rub: interest rates are 0.5%. That means if I lend you a hundred quid, you only have to give me £105 back in a year's time (or something, who the fuck knows how it works—read the small print and get back to me). That's not much return on my investment. On the other hand, stock markets were sent artificially low by the banking crises. So my £100 is going straight into shares instead because I can make more money there because I'm not a moron. So while every economic indicator from GDP to retail sales to employment continues to tank, the stock markets head in the opposite direction.
This is why the money the government is printing isn't reaching the 'real economy'. Instead it is feeding a stock market rally. We're creating another fucking asset bubble. Meanwhile, businesses and people are going to the wall because they still can't get credit. Worse, eventually we're going to have to deal with this £200 billion that has been created somehow.
Are we going to tax it back from corporate institutions who have benefited from our largesse? Pfft. The only answer is to accept that everything is going to get more expensive. With that much easy money floating around in the economy, that's what inevitably will happen.
For proof, you only have to look at Germany's Weimar Republic or modern-day Zimbabwe to see what happens. When there's a lot of cash, prices shoot up because money itself becomes cheap. It's a problem with modern economies that have decoupled their monetary systems from something tangible like gold. As our money itself becomes worth less, so people demand more of it in exchange for their goods. This is inflation, and it is a bitch. Because if your £15,000 a year is barely enough to live on now, how will you feel when the price of everything shoots up 10% in the course of a year?
Now to me, a no-mark in the middle of nowhere, knowing fuck all about nothing, it is baffling how the rich, mighty, connected and intellectually powerful people who claim to run this country can't see this. But then there's a lot of things I don't understand about them. Frankly, we'd be better if they went off to do something more productive. Like fucking stoats. In Iceland. Without condoms.
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I Am the Reform!
The issues now being discussed in the course of Morocco's constitutional reform are not new. Ever since Mohammed VI ascended to the throne in 1999, a public discussion has been ongoing about the country's national identity, about the sanctity of his person and calls to restrict the king's extreme power.
As early as 2001, Mohammed VI referred to the Berber language and culture in an official speech as a central element of the national identity – an important success for the Moroccan Berber movement.
In comparison to neighbouring Algeria and other Arab states that marginalise ethnic population groups, this speech could well be considered the beginning of a cultural revolution.
Acknowledging Morocco's social pluralism
The subsequent foundation of a Royal Institute of Berber Culture in 2002, the increasing diversity of media in one of the three Berber dialects and the introduction of language lessons at Moroccan schools were further steps along the way to this year's constitutional reform.
The upcoming reform recognises Tamazight as the country's second official language alongside Arabic – a logical step towards acknowledging Morocco's social pluralism. Around 40 percent of the population are Berbers.
Yet Mohammed VI is not only focusing on this one group. From the very outset, he has repeatedly referred to the diversity of Moroccan society and its Arab, sub-Saharan, African, Andalusian and Berber roots. In the context of the usual unity discourses in the region, this was unusual.
A "sacred" institution under pressure
The question of how sacrosanct the monarchy is in this day and age has also been discussed since he came to power. Two weeks before the 2003 bombings in Casablanca, the opposition weekly magazine Le Journal hebdomadaire ran the headline: "Le sacré contre la démocratie?" (i.e. "The sacred versus democracy?")
The bombings brought this discussion to a head, raising doubts about the monarchy under the leadership of an obviously very worldly "greenhorn" for many conservative Moroccans.
'I am the reform!' was Mohammed VI's response, echoing Louis XIV's L'État, c'est moi. Since taking office in 1999 Morocco's king has talked about a constitutional state, decentralisation, personal freedoms, political participation and a new concept of authority. He has supported and undertaken a series of social and political changes. These include investigations into human rights violations under his father, alterations to family law in 2004 and transparent elections.
This has gained the king many supporters, particularly among the young generation. However, Mohammed VI has ensured that the reforms did not restrict his own authority. On the contrary, his reform policies have marginalised Morocco's parliament and political parties, as he has repeatedly operated independently of the constitutional institutions. Now under public pressure, it is time the king addressed the issue of his own position in the country's power structures.
The country also has successes to show in terms of literacy and electrification. Combating poverty has become a political priority. Yet this does not mean that the social disparities between rich and poor, urban and rural areas are not at least as drastic as those in Egypt and Tunisia.
The overblown security apparatus is also reminiscent of the neighbouring Arab states. The demonstrations in Casablanca by opposition activists not satisfied with the recent reforms and by supporters of the monarchy reflect Morocco's very advanced social debate – without paid henchmen or provocateurs.
According to the constitution, Morocco has been a constitutional, democratic and social monarchy since as long ago as 1962. Yet despite the liberal constitutional model, the king is not accountable to anybody. He holds the sole right to make decisions.
As he is primarily accountable to the higher principle of Islam and not to the worldly institutions of the state, he stands above the constitution. While the prime minister's position will be strengthened in the 2011 reforms, there can be no mention of checks and balances as yet. The king's privileges remain untouched. Accountability and controls on the constitutional organs have still not been introduced.
After the 2011 changes to the constitution, the king will no longer be "sacrosanct", but he will remain "untouchable". This may appear to be mere hair-splitting. But the king questioning his own status as spiritual and religious leader is a step not to be underestimated. For many people, the king is perfection itself. This idea is now being abolished by decree.
© Qantara.de 2011
Translated from the German by Katy Derbyshire
Editor: Lewis Gropp/Qantara.de
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When cancer struck the Sweet family, they didn't turn bitter – instead, they started a project that lives up to their name: “sweet rocks from the Sweet girls,” said Debbie, mother of Sarah and Katie Sweet.
The palm-sized, multicolored stones, painted with inspirational words like “love” and “hope,” are the result of a summer project that grew out of a rock.
It was a rock that helped Irvine resident Meredith Paddock, Debbie Sweet's mother, through a skin cancer diagnosis in April after discovering a suspicious mole. The gift came from a stranger.
Having had two previous diagnoses of kidney and uterine cancer decades earlier, Paddock was no stranger to the fear it creates. But this was the first time her doctor recommended she see an oncologist. Sitting in the doctor's office for her first appointment, Paddock said she was so frightened, she was shaking.
Her fear remained until she opened a little bag she took from a basket at the sign-in desk – encouraging patients to “take one.” Inside, she found a simple stone with the word “LOVE” painted across it, bordered by pink and yellow lines.
“To have a total stranger send you love and hope, it's really beautiful,” Paddock said. “To think that one silly little stone would create this great emotion of thankfulness in my body, I mean, who would think? One little stone. But it just did, it really affected me.”
From then on, she and the rock were inseparable. It was in her pocket, on her nightstand – her husband even held the rock through surgery, she said. After the mole and a nearby lymph node were removed, Paddock said, her latest scan shows she's clear – just checkups every six months, no radiation or chemo.
After seeing how the rock touched Paddock, Aliso Viejo resident Debbie Sweet decided to start a project with her two daughters, 10-year-old Sarah and 8-year-old Katie. They started painting rocks to give as gifts to people struggling with cancer. What began in July as a summer project has turned into a collection of more than 100 painted rocks, Debbie said, and a good way to help her children understand the disease, since it has touched friends and members of the family. Paddock said she and her husband contributed money for the supplies out of gratitude for the rock that help her through a hard time.
“We want to share love and peace and inspiration with what Grandma went through,” Debbie said. “And it became an educational journey along the way.”
As Katie and Sarah sat down to paint some rocks – tiger stripes and marine life are some of their favorite designs – they talked about their process and hopes for the recipients.
Katie said while she's painting the rocks, she thinks, “that when patients see them, they'll make them feel better.”
Before she gave the rocks away, Sarah said they had both come to love their creations.
“But I'd rather give them to the people,” Sarah said. “It's also really sweet and my last name's Sweet,” she said, grinning.
Early in September, the Sweets gave more than 100 rocks to the Hoag Family Cancer Institute, at Newport Beach-based Hoag Memorial Hospital Presbyterian, and they plan to make a trip to Mission Women's Wellness Center in Mission Viejo, Debbie said.
As they made their donation, they were greeted by several supervisors and staff, including Sue Kelley, a charge nurse for the center's infusion area.
“The patients are so touched when anyone makes anything, but when the children do, it just touches them. They feel the love of God,” said Kelley. “All of a sudden something comes along like this and they don't feel alone.”
Contact the writer: 949-366-9473 or email@example.com
- Man dies after being struck by a motorist in Laguna Niguel; Crown Valley Parkway closed
- Murder suspect shot, injured by Los Angeles County cops in Anaheim
- 6 'hidden gems' in Orange County on Yelp's Top 100 Places to Eat for 2017
- 3 storms to bring rain, strong winds to Orange County Wednesday through Monday
- Family of 6 displaced after their Mission Viejo home burns
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Teaching would be easy if there were clear recipes you could follow every time. The Ingredients for Great Teaching explains why this is impossible and why a one-size-fits-all approach doesn’t work. Instead of recipes, this book examines the basic ingredients of teaching and learning so you can use them wisely in your own classroom in order to become a better and more effective teacher. Taking an approach that is both evidence-based and practical, author Pedro de Bruyckere explores ten crucial aspects of teaching, the research behind them and why they work like they do, combined with everyday classroom examples describing both good and bad practice. Key topics include: • Teacher subject knowledge • Evaluation and feedback • The importance of practice • Metacognition • Making students think This is essential reading for teachers everywhere.
Chapter 10: Have a Vision (And It Doesn’t Matter Which One)
Have a Vision (And It Doesn’t Matter Which One)
This chapter will explore the following questions:
- Why is it important for a school and a team to have a vision?
- Why is the actual nature of the vision then less important?
Imagine a school that has been constantly written about for more than two years. A school that people visit almost every day to see what the school is actually doing. A school that has both fanatical supporters and opponents. This school is called Michaela and it is in North London. Just mentioning the name of the headmistress, Katharine Birbalsingh, is enough to raise furious debate in British educational circles.
Your first thought might be that Michaela is a school ...
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Kentucky has a moderate, relatively humid climate, with abundant rainfall.
The southern and lowland regions are slightly warmer than the uplands. In Louisville, the normal monthly mean temperature ranges from 33°F (1°C) in January to 76°F (24°C) in July. The record high for the state was 114°F (46°C), registered in Greensburg on 28 July 1930; the record low, –37°F (–40°C), in Shelbyville on 19 January 1994.
Average daily relative humidity in Louisville ranges from 58% to 81%. The average annual precipitation at Louisville (1971–2000) was 44.5 in (113 cm); snowfall totals about 18 in (46 cm) a year.
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Hawaii’s unemployment rate rose to 6.4 percent in June from 6.3 percent in May on a seasonally adjusted basis, the state reported today.
There were 41,500 people looking for work in June, up from 41,350 in May, according to the report from the state Department of Labor and Industrial Relations. The number of employed, meanwhile, fell to 607,800 from 612,500. The total labor force, which combines the unemployed and employed, fell to 649,350 in June from 653,850 in May.
The June unemployment rate matched the previous high of 6.4 percent in March.
The unemployment rate is derived largely from a telephone survey of households. A separate survey of businesses showed that the number of non-farm jobs in the Hawaii economy fell by a net 1,800 in June from July. Within job categories the biggest decline occurred in education and health services, which lost 1,000 positions. The biggest gain was in “other services,” which added 600 positions.
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Artists’ and entertainers’ methods of changing culture in Saudi Arabia were the topic of discussion on a recent edition of the “MTSU On the Record” radio program.
You can listen to their conversation via the Soundcloud link above. Part two of their talk is available here.
Foley’s book, “Changing Saudi Arabia: Art, Culture, and Society in the Kingdom,” chronicles how painters, sculptors, filmmakers and even stand-up comedians are expressing views that previously would have been considered taboo in Saudi society.
“Their ideas are clear,” Foley said. “They’re sophisticated. They’re often talking about issues that are political, that have enormous impact, but in a way that is nonpartisan.”
Foley said these artists and performers are expressing their views in ways that are escaping retribution from the Saudi monarchy and the theocratic government.
To hear previous “MTSU On the Record” programs, visit the searchable “Audio Clips” archives at www.mtsunews.com.
For more information about the radio program, contact Logue at 615-898-5081 or WMOT-FM at 615-898-2800.
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[Embargoed for release until 6:00 PM ET April 10, 2002, to coincide with presentation at the American Chemical Society Meeting in Orlando.]
ULTRASOUND CLEANS CERAMIC FILTERS; COULD AID WATER TREATMENT
COLUMBUS, Ohio -- Engineers at Ohio State University have discovered how to clean high-tech ceramic water filters at low cost with ultrasound.
Though early in its development, this technology may one day enable water treatment plants to purify water with ceramic membrane filters instead of harsh chemicals.
Linda Weavers and Harold Walker, both assistant professors of civil and environmental engineering and geodetic science, and doctoral students Dong Chen and Mikko Lamminen described their ultrasonic cleaning technique April 10 in a poster at the American Chemical Society meeting in Orlando.
"If water treatment plants could clean water with membrane filters, they could minimize the cost, safety and disposal issues associated with the use of harsh chemicals," Walker said.
As an alternative to chemicals, researchers are studying ceramic membrane
filters -- honeycomb-like networks of tiny channels separated by thin
ceramic films, or membranes. When water flows through the channels, the
membranes act as sieves to
The problem: over time, the membranes become clogged with contaminants, and must be cleaned.
Weavers and Walker took note of recent research involving ultrasound and bubbles. The idea, most recently reported by scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and their colleagues, is that sound waves can form and collapse bubbles inside a liquid, releasing heat and energy.
To test whether collapsing bubbles could clean a ceramic filter, the engineers submerged a filter in water that contained latex and silica particles. They used particles in a range of sizes to mimic the contaminants found in water treatment.
They used an ultrasonic probe to vibrate the water at 20 kilohertz, or 20,000 vibrations per second -- a low frequency that is easily obtainable with typical ultrasound equipment. For example, the fetal ultrasound tests that women undergo during pregnancy employ much higher frequencies -- on the order of 10 megahertz, or 10 million vibrations per second.
But that doesn't mean a 20 kilohertz probe is less powerful, Weavers explained.
"Frequency has nothing to do with power. Think of it as bass sounds versus soprano sounds. Both can be louder or softer. Whether a sound is bass or soprano depends on frequency, whereas loudness and softness depend on power," she said.
The 20 kilohertz vibrations caused bubbles for form and collapse, and kept the ceramic filter clean.
"The bubbles seemed to scour the surface of the filter," Weavers said. "Where the bubbles collapsed, tiny water jets formed and flushed away the contaminants."
Though the engineers are still not certain exactly how the process works, Weavers suspects that the jets sprang from vibrational nodes -- locations along the surface of the filter where ultrasonic waves merge together and magnify each other.
With ultrasound as a cleaning method, water treatment plants wouldn't have to remove filters from use to clean them, Walker said. Loosened contaminants would wash away in an exhaust flow separate from the clean water.
"If you left the ultrasound running, you could clean a filter while it was still in use, and keep it from ever getting clogged in the first place," Weavers added.
The engineers have just applied for additional funding for further laboratory tests.
If all goes well, Walker said, the technology may be ready for full-scale testing in a water treatment plant within the next few years.
Editor's note: During the ACS meeting, Ohio State doctoral student Dong Chen will be staying at the Red Roof Inn and can be reached at (407) 352-1507; his advisor, Linda Weavers, will be available for comment at (614) 292-4061 or Weavers.email@example.com.
Written by Pam Frost Gorder, (614) 292-9475; Gorder.firstname.lastname@example.org
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RELATED: What Is Windows 11 SE?
ExtremeTech spotted the documentation, and it reads, “…if you’d like to use a Windows 11 SE device for personal use, you may purchase a license for the version of Windows you’d like, completely erase all the data, files, settings, favorites, and the Windows 11 SE operating system on your device, and install your licensed version of Windows. After that, there would be no way to get back to Windows 11 SE.”
If you were to purchase the affordable Surface Laptop SE (which is meant for education users), you could buy a Windows 11 license and install it. However, once you do, you can’t go back to Windows 11 SE again, so if Windows 11 doesn’t run well on your Surface Laptop SE (or other devices with Windows 11 SE), you’re stuck.
There may be an option to reinstall Windows 11 SE through a recovery partition, but we’d need to test that ourselves to see if it works.
Basically, Microsoft is making it so only new devices can get Windows 11 SE. You can’t download and install it after the fact—you must purchase a computer with it preinstalled. So if you have an older computer running Windows 11 and you think it would run better with Windows 11 SE, there’s no way for you to get it.
With all that said, this is an OS that’s meant for education users and not individuals, so none of this should be too surprising. If a school purchased many Surface Laptop SE devices, there’s no reason anyone would need to mess with the operating system.
This is similar to Microsoft’s policy with Windows 10 S Mode, so again, it’s not particularly surprising.
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INSOLVENCY AND BANKRUPTCY CODE
Disclaimer: Copyright infringement not intended.
- In 2016, the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code was passed to tackle the mounting bad debts and to favour the creditor during the resolution process. While the IBC’s performance has been relatively better than the other recovery mechanisms, it suffers from similar systemic issues.
- In Q4 of FY22, for the first time the amount to be realized from the resolution process was lower than the liquidation value of assets.
What do you mean by Insolvency?
- Insolvency refers to a state where the company is not able to generate revenue to pay off their debts and payments that are incurred by the company in due course of time.
- Bankruptcy happens when the court determines insolvency and recognizes insolvency by passing orders for its resolution.
- An insolvency law is designed to address a situation in which a debtor is no longer able to pay its debts to its creditors generally (rather than individually) and, in that context, provides a mechanism that will provide for the equitable treatment of all creditors. It is a recovery mechanism for the creditors of a corporate debtor.
- Earlier various Acts such as the Company’s Act of 1956, the Scrutinization and Reconstruction of Insolvency and Enforcement of Security Interest Act 2002 (SARFAESI), etc., governed the Companies Insolvency Act.
- After that, the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code was introduced in 2016 to put insolvency laws in one frame.
Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) 2016
- The Bankruptcy Legislative Reforms Committee under the leadership of TK Viswanathan projected the IBC.
- Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code 2016 was implemented through an act of Parliament.
What was the need for IBC in 2016?
- In the last several years, the banking sector had been plagued by growing Non Performing Assets on account of various reasons.
- As of 2015, insolvency resolution in India took 4.3 years on an average. This was higher when compared to other countries such as United Kingdom (1 year) and United States of America (1.5 years).
- A robust, modern and sophisticated insolvency framework was therefore, established with the enactment of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (IBC).
- Thus, IBC was enacted with a view to resolve the insolvency cases in a short period which is undertaken by the insolvency.
- The code envisaged to form a new institutional structure with a regulator, financial condition experts, data utilities and assessment mechanisms that can enhance the formal financial condition resolution method and liquidation.
What does the IBC aim to do?
- IBC applies to companies, partnerships and individuals. It provides for a time-bound process to resolve insolvency.
- When a default in repayment occurs, creditors gain control over debtor’s assets and must take decisions to resolve insolvency. Under IBC debtor and creditor both can start 'recovery' proceedings against each other.
- Introduction of this Code has done away with overlapping provisions contained in various laws –
- Sick Industrial Companies (Special Provisions) Act, 1985
- The Recovery of Debts Due to Banks and Financial Institutions Act, 1993
- The Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002
- The Companies Act, 2013.
- Before the enactment of this Code, there were multiple agencies dealing with the matters relating to debt, defaults, and insolvency which generally lead to delays, complexities and higher costs in the process of Insolvency resolution.
Key Objectives of the Code
- To consolidate and amend the laws relating to re-organization and insolvency resolution of corporate persons, partnership firms, and individuals.
- To fix time periods for execution of the law in a time-bound settlement of insolvency (i.e. 180 days).
- To maximize the value of assets of interested persons.
- To promote entrepreneurship
- To increase the availability of credit.
- To balance all stakeholder’s interest (including alteration). Balance to be done in the order of priority of payment of Government dues.
- To establish an Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India as a regulatory body for insolvency and bankruptcy law.
- To establish higher levels of debt financing across a wide variety of debt instruments.
- To provide painless revival mechanism for entities.
- To deal with cross-border insolvency.
- To resolve India’s bad debt problem by creating a database of defaulters.
Applicability of the Code
The provisions of the Code shall apply for insolvency, liquidation, voluntary liquidation or bankruptcy of the following entities:-
- Any company incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013 or under any previous law.
- Any other company governed by any special act for the time being in force, except in so far as the said provision is inconsistent with the provisions of such Special Act.
- Any Limited Liability Partnership under the LLP Act 2008.
- Any other body being incorporated under any other law for the time being in force, as specified by the Central Government in this regard.
- Partnership firms and individuals
The Code creates various institutions to facilitate resolution of insolvency. These are as follows:
- Insolvency Professionals
- Insolvency Professional Agencies
- Information Utilities
- Adjudicating authorities
- Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board
Few Important Definitions under the Code for Corporate Insolvency
Pillars of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016
Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of Republic of India
The implementation and operation of the board come under the body Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of Republic of India. It is created by the IBC as a restrictive yet superior body. The matters with respect to IBC are handled by this board and control, not just the profession but also the processes. The board plays a pivotal role for implying the code which amends laws of conversion of insolvent companies.
National Company Law Appellate Tribunal
The proceedings concerning this code under insolvency law come under the NCLT, which is the adjudicating authority. This authority functions as a forum that undertakes the resolution of the insolvency cases. An appeal under the NCLT can be quashed, or a stay can be initiated against that order. NCLAT is the place where the appeals can be made under NCLT. The appeal against the order of NCLAT can be made in the Supreme Court, which is the highest court of authority.
The IBC provides for a group of professionals called as the insolvency professional, who oversees various aspects of the insolvency resolution. An additional body of corporate called the Insolvency Professional Agencies is incorporated to regulate the work of the Insolvency Professionals. Those practitioners that practice individually are required to be enrolled with the IPAs’ scepter to control and develop the role of the insolvency professionals.
With the information utilities under the IBC, 2016, gathering and passing the information from creditors to corporate was made possible. Currently, the financial data of creditors can be obtained from the income tax department only.
The information utilities under the IBC, 2016, are aimed at fulfilling the gap of gathering and passing the information from creditors to corporate. Only the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of Republic of India has the authority to license Information Utilities and can exercise the power to control them and has the authority to provide access to the information.
Key Steps of Insolvency code
What is the timeframe for completion of the exercise under the Code?
- Companies have to complete the entire insolvency exercise within 180 days under IBC. The deadline may be extended if the creditors do not raise objections on the extension.
- For smaller companies including startups with an annual turnover of Rs 1 crore, the whole exercise of insolvency must be completed in 90 days and the deadline can be extended by 45 days. If debt resolution doesn't happen the company goes for liquidation.
Who regulates the IBC proceedings?
- Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI) has been appointed as a regulator and it can oversee these proceedings. IBBI has 10 members; from Finance Ministry and Law Ministry the Reserve Bank of India.
Who facilitates the insolvency resolution?
- A licensed professional administer the resolution process, manage the assets of the debtor, and provide information for creditors to assist them in decision making.
Who adjudicates over the proceedings?
- The proceedings of the resolution process will be adjudicated by the National Companies Law Tribunal (NCLT), for companies and the Debt Recovery Tribunal (DRT) for individuals.
- The courts approve initiating the resolution process, appointing the insolvency professional and giving nod to the final decision of creditors.
- The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board regulates insolvency professionals, insolvency professional agencies and information utilities set up under the Code.
What is the procedure to resolve insolvency under the Code?
- When a default occurs, the resolution process may be initiated by the debtor or creditor. The insolvency professional administers the process.
- The professional provides financial information of the debtor from the information utilities to the creditor and manage the debtor’s assets. This process lasts for 180 days and any legal action against the debtor is prohibited during this period.
- After the commencement of corporate insolvency resolution the NCLT orders a moratorium on the debtor’s operations for the period of 180 days. This is termed as a ‘calm period’ during which no judicial proceedings for recovery, enforcement of security interest, sale or transfer of assets, or termination of essential contracts can take place against the debtor..
What does the committee of creditors do?
- A committee consisting of the financial creditors who lent money to the debtor is formed by the insolvency professional.
- The creditors' committee decides the future of the outstanding debt owed to them. They may choose to revive the debt owed to them by changing the repayment schedule or selling the assets of the debtor to get their dues back.
- If a decision is not taken in 180 days, the debtor’s assets go into liquidation.
What happens under liquidation?
- If the debtor goes into liquidation, an insolvency professional administers the liquidation process. Proceeds from the sale of the debtor’s assets are distributed in the following order of order:
- First insolvency resolution costs, including the remuneration to the insolvency professional,
- Second secured creditors, whose loans are backed by collateral and
- Third dues to workers, other employees, forth unsecured creditors.
TIMELINE (AS STIPULATED IN THE CODE)
Filing of Insolvency application – Details of what needs to be mentioned in the application has been specified
Adjudicating Authority- admission or rejection of application –
Before rejecting an application, the Adjudicating Authority shall give a notice to the applicant to rectify the defect in the application within 7 days. If admitted, Adjudicating Authority to declare moratorium upon admission.
Insolvency Resolution Professional appointment
(X+14) + 14
Constitution of Committee of Creditors
Appointment of final resolution professional
(X+14) + 14 + 10
Submission of Resolution plan
If approved- Moratorium ceases to have effect
If rejected- Initiation of Liquidation
Insolvency Resolution Process Completion
(X+14) + 180
Insolvency Resolution Process Extension
(X+14) + 180 +90
- Thus, the process has to be compulsorily completed with 330 days including the extensions granted. The Section further provides for an extension of 90 days for proceedings that go beyond 330 days due to unavoidable delays.
The simplified outline of the corporate insolvency resolution process under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 is as below:
- When Loan Default occurs:
Either the borrower / the lender approach the adjudicating authority which is the NATIONAL COMPANY LAW TRIBUNAL (NCLT – in case of Company’s & LLP’s) or the Debt Recovery Tribunal (DRT – in case of individuals or partnership firms) for initiating the resolution process.
- Appointment of Interim Insolvency Professional (IP)
An Interim Insolvency Professional will be appointed by the Creditors to take control of the debtor’s assets and company’s operations, collect financial information of the debtor from the information utilities, ascertain the claim and to constitute a creditor’s committee.
- Decision of the Creditor’s Committee
Every item that requires the approval of the creditors in their committee meeting needs to be passed with a voting share percentage of 75%.
- Restructuring Process:
Upon passing of the resolution by the creditors committee, the committee shall decide on the restructuring process that could either be a revised repayment plan for the company or liquidation of the assets of the company. If no such decision is taken by the creditors in their meeting then, the debtor’s assets will be liquidated to repay the debt.
- Approval of the Tribunal / Liquidation
The resolution plan shall be sent to the NCLT for its approval and implementation thereafter. If the NCLT does not approve the resolution plan, then the liquidation process shall begin.
BENEFITS OF IBC
The IBC successfully remedies several shortcomings of the earlier insolvency resolution process, such as
Timely resolution of insolvency process
- The process of resolution is carried out in a time-bound manner, the business is transferred as an ongoing concern to the resolution applicant, thus ensuring nil loss to the economy due to stoppage of production or under-utilization of resources, and minimum loss of employment, revenues to government, local ecosystem and ancillary industries.
Certainty and clean title
- When insolvency is resolved through the Code, there is a certainty in the settlement of liabilities and ownership of assets. Since all liabilities including government dues are settled, the resolution applicant is vested with a clean and litigation-free business and assets, etc.
Prevents fraudulent activities by debtors
- Since the ownership and control of the business entity, its assets and business activities stand transferred from the debtor to an insolvency professional as soon as an application is admitted by the adjudicating authority, the debtor is preempted from indulging in any activity to defraud the creditors.
- Contrast this with the situation before, when the debtor continued to have control on business activities and assets, which enabled them to drag his feet, cause a delay by litigating endlessly, while fraudulently disposing off assets to defraud creditors, employees, government, etc.
Relief for bona fide debtors
- Prior to the IBC, the liabilities that remained unpaid after proceedings continued to haunt the debtors for the rest of their lives. However, resolution through the Code guarantees final settlement of all liabilities, thus freeing the bona fide debtors from debt traps and government liabilities.
Achievements of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code
- Ease of doing business – due to the faster insolvency resolution process.
- Deepening of bond markets to increase confidence among the creditors of getting the money back from the debtors.
- Stronger institutional framework such as Insolvency and Bankruptcy board of India (IBBI), National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) etc.
- Reduction in Non Performing Assets (NPAs) is one of the biggest achievements of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016.
- The professionalization of process with the help resolution professional.
- 66 cases resolved after adjudication and realization of creditors around Rs 80,000 crore in resolution cases.
- Helped to resolve and cure 12 big companies like Electro-steel Steels, Bhushan Steel, Monnet Ispat & Energy, Amtek Auto.
- Many cases are settled outside the courts by using the Alternative resolution process.
- Companies pay up in anticipation of not being referred to NCLT after introduction of section 29(a). Bank receiving money from potential debtors who pay in anticipation of default.
- Defaulters know that if they will get into IBC they will be out of management of their company because of section 29(a), so the companies are clearing their NPAs.
- No political and governmental interference.
Major shortcomings of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code
Non-execution of the process in set time frame
- The Code is a time-bound conclusion of proceedings and delivery of settlement. However, the lack of a supporting ecosystem makes it a difficult task. Resistive forces, cause significant delays in a time-bound execution.
- 2,600 cases that were closed by December 2021, 55% ended in liquidation while only 16% were completed with proper resolution plans approved by the lender.
- On average, over 700 days were taken in FY22 to complete a resolution process, against the stipulated deadline of 330 days.
- During the fourth quarter of FY22, the amount to be realised from the resolution process was lower than the liquidation value of assets.
Lack of coordination between parties involved
- Time and again, a lack of coordination between the parties in the process (creditors, stakeholders) is encountered which delays and stymies the insolvency proceedings.
Inexperienced insolvency professionals
- Since the Code and its prescribed procedures are new, understandably, the insolvency professionals, advocates and adjudicators lack experience, which causes significant delay in resolution proceedings.
- At times, due to this lack of experience, a company which could have been revived ends up liquidated.
Overburdening of courts
- As the number of NCLTs and NCLATs are limited, they are weighed down by a deluge of applications, naturally impeding the timely conclusion of proceedings. Thus it is time to double the number of benches of both the NCLT and NCLAT.
Threshold increase disadvantageous to operational creditors
- During the Covid-19 period, the threshold for applications under the Act was suddenly raised from Rs. 1 lakh to Rs. 1 crore. No doubt, the threshold of Rs. 1 lakh had been too small, but the arbitrary jump to Rs. 1 crore was extreme.
- It leaves a large section of operational creditors in a lurch. Such a jump may prove detrimental to the very purpose of the Code; instead, a gradational or incremental jump in threshold is advised.
- According to the Minister of State for Finance and Corporate Affairs there were 10,860 cases pending before the NCLT as of September 2019. The lack of sufficient NCLT benches and the quantity by which the cases under IBC are rising. The increasing pendency of the cases will defeat the purpose of the quick resolution process.
The reasons for such clogging are obvious:
- Rising financial stress in the economy leading to more cases being filed and
- Lack of adequate resolution professionals
- Information asymmetry as resolution applicants often don't have information which is complete, robust and correct and
- Delays caused by multiple appeals and contradictory verdicts at different levels.
- From 2016 to 2021 (up to June 2021 for which IBBI data is available), a total of 4,541 cases of Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP) were admitted.
- Until June 2021, just 20% of the admitted debt claims, is realisable or realised — a net loss or haircut of 80% debt. The earlier debt resolution process under the Sick Industrial Companies (Special Provisions) Act of 1985 (under which Industrial and Financial Reconstruction (BIFR) functioned) had a recovery rate of 25% – a far better performance in comparison.
- A very large number of CIRP cases are ending with liquidation, where settlement leads to outright closure of businesses, causing job losses, and debtors getting a pittance. Of the 4,541 CIRP cases, 29.7% have already gone into liquidation. While there is no data on the resultant job losses, debtors have lost (haircut) 95% of their loans.
- The two together – loss of credit and loss of business and jobs – mean the economy is getting hurt, something which the IBC seeks to prevent.
- Instead of settling the cases in 180 days, as its mandate, the IBBI data shows 80% of cases have crossed the limit, with 75% of cases taking more than 270 days.
- The Parliamentary Committee on Finance examined the IBC’s performance and submitted its report in August 2021.
- It expressed serious concerns about low recovery and long delays. It stressed that the “fundamental aim of this statute (IBC) is to secure creditor rights”, and “greater clarity of purpose” is needed for this “particularly considering the disproportionately large and unsustainable “haircuts” taken by financial creditors over the years”.
- It also asked to fix a benchmark for the quantum of haircuts in line with global standards.
Poor recovery Rate
- Recoveries by financial creditors under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) have dropped significantly in the past two years owing to the pandemic, resulting in larger haircuts for them.
- As of March 2022, financial creditors have recovered 33 per cent of the amount admitted as claims.
- It was 39.3 per cent as of March 2021, and as high as 46 per cent till March 2020, according to the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI) data.
- Further, on a quarterly basis, realisation by financial creditors as a percentage of their admitted claims in Q4FY22 dropped to as low as 10 per cent.
- The haircut for cases resolved in Q4FY22 was high at 90 per cent.
- The number of new cases admitted under the insolvency process has also gone down in FY22, with only 834 cases admitted as against 2,000 cases in FY20.
- Experts reckon the pandemic-induced slowdown in the economy and delays in the resolution process are the root cause behind the drop in realization.
- The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Bill, 2021, passed by Lok Sabha has proposed ‘pre-packs’ as an insolvency resolution mechanism for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The Bill will replace The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Ordinance, 2021.
What are ‘pre-packs’?
- A pre-pack envisages the resolution of the debt of a distressed company through a direct agreement between secured creditors and the existing owners or outside investors, instead of a public bidding process.
- This system of insolvency proceedings has become an increasingly popular mechanism for insolvency resolution in the United Kingdom and Europe over the past decade. Under the pre-pack system, financial creditors will agree to terms with the promoters or a potential investor, and seek approval of the resolution plan from the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT).
- The approval of at least 66 per cent of financial creditors that are unrelated to the corporate debtor would be required before a resolution plan is submitted to the NCLT. The NCLTs will be required to either accept or reject an application for a pre-pack insolvency proceeding before considering a petition for a CIRP.
How are pre-packs better than CIRP?
- One of the key criticisms of the CIRP has been the time it takes for resolution. At the end of March 2021, 79 per cent of the 1,723 ongoing insolvency resolution proceedings had crossed the 270-day threshold. A major reason for the delays is the prolonged litigation by erstwhile promoters and potential bidders.
- The pre-pack in contrast, is limited to a maximum of 120 days with only 90 days available to stakeholders to bring a resolution plan for approval before the NCLT.
- Another key difference between pre-packs and CIRP is that the existing management retains control in the case of pre-packs; in the case of CIRP, a resolution professional takes control of the debtor as a representative of financial creditors. Experts note that this ensures minimal disruption of operations relative to a CIRP.
- Pre-packs are largely aimed at providing MSMEs with an opportunity to restructure their liabilities and start with a clean slate while still providing adequate protections so that the system is not misused by firms to avoid making payments to creditors.
- Currently, only corporate debtors themselves are permitted to initiate a PIRP after obtaining the approval of 66 per cent of their creditors.
- The pre-pack mechanism does however, allow for a ‘Swiss challenge’ to any resolution plan that provides less than full recovery of dues for operational creditors.
- Under the Swiss challenge mechanism, any third party would be permitted to submit a resolution plan for the distressed company, and the original applicant would have to either match the improved resolution plan or forego the investment.
- The most pressing need right now is to bring into force the pre-pack insolvency concept. Although this approach can be used in India for MSMEs now, the need of the hour is to allow players to use it for all corporate debtors. This will allow lenders to improve their rates of recovery.
- The next major step that must be taken soon is the adoption of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) model for cross border insolvency protocol and signing of treaties with the likes of UAE and UK to set up formal processes to be followed when a debtor has assets located in foreign countries.
- Statistics indicate that a majority of the liquidation happens in matters where the debtor's assets erode over time during a prolonged insolvency process. Hence, timeliness of insolvency resolution is key.
- The government needs to cater appropriate budgetary allocations to upskilling of insolvency professionals, improvement of tribunal infrastructure and digitization of the insolvency resolution process.
- Additionally, tax matters should be addressed. Carry forward of losses, in case of companies, in which the public are not substantially interested, should be allowed. Also, profits arising on write back of loan irrespective of its end-use i.e., capital assets or working capital, interest, and payables, should not be taxed.
- The bench strength for NCLT must be fortified further in order to address the many delays that are currently plaguing the IBC process.
- It’s important to have a benchmark for the quantum of the haircuts comparable to global standards so that the overall recovery rate is improved.
- Setup an Institute of Resolution Professionals similar to that of ICAI as a professional self-regulator for RPs for resolving the conflict of interest between the multiple regulators viz., IPA (Insolvency Professional Agencies) IBBI.
- Introduce a professional code of conduct for the Committee of Creditors(CoC) in order to eliminate the arbitrariness in exercise of discretion.
- Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India to frame guidelines for the selection of the RPs (Resolution Professionals) rather than leaving this to the discretion of the Committee of Creditors(CoC).
- Amend the IBC so that no post adhoc bids are allowed during the resolution process and the COC s discretion of accepting late and unsolicited resolution plans are effectively regulated.
- NCLT to accept the resolution plan within 30 days and transfer the control to a resolution process within this time frame of 30 days so that the defaulting owners do not have the scope to divert the funds leading to rapid value erosion.
- To appoint NCLT members who are at least honorable high court judges so that the judgment quality can be improved and the issue of judgments of NCLT being over turned by NCALT and Supreme Court can be addressed obviating the delay in resolution and recovery.
- The IBC has undoubtedly revived India's insolvency regime. Not only has it been successful in combating the growing threat of NPAs, but it has also benefited the economy in a variety of nuanced ways, including improving credit discipline.
- However, like any other law, IBC also has areas which can witness remarkable improvement. There is a long way ahead for Indian insolvency regime to meet standards of other mature global jurisdictions.
Telegram channel link - https://t.me/+
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Angeles National Forest
U.S. Forest Service
701 N. Santa Anita Ave.
Arcadia, CA 91006
Angeles National Forest:
www.fs.usda.gov/angeles Facebook: facebook.com/angelesnationalforest Twitter: twitter.com/Angeles_NF
Phone: (626) 574-5208
Start Date: 08/13/2020 Size: 3,900 acres
Location: San Gabriel Canyon (Hwy 39) Containment: 19%
North of Azusa, Los Angeles County, CA Cause: Human-Caused, Suspected Arson
Hand Crew: 15 Engines: 16 Dozers: 6 Total Personnel: 491
Helicopters: 5 Fixed Wing: 4 Water Tenders: 4
The Ranch 2 Fire burned most actively to the northwest yesterday after the inversion lift. Fuels
continue to be critically dry with low moisture levels. Firefighters have been primarily focused on extending the containment lines on the north and west perimeters. Crews continue to hold the fire on the eastern perimeter as well. There was some growth on the fire last night and handcrews worked all night, making good progress to extend handlines on the western side of the fire.
For today’s actions, Dozers will be used to strengthen the northern fire line supported by retardant drops by air tankers and helicopters if the fire area is clear and visibility is good. The crews that are spiked out on the western fire perimeter are building line to the north and are continuing to scout for strategic places to build line to the northwest of the fire. Firefighters continue to work in difficult terrain.
Weather challenges for today include high temperatures up to 106 degrees, dry conditions, possible thunderstorms to the east that could cause strong and erratic wind gusts of up to 20 mph. The Excessive Heat Warning is still in place through 9 pm Thursday. The steep and rugged terrain of the San Gabriel mountains along with the dense mixed chaparral fuels and grass complete the fuel-topography-weather conditions that make this a complex incident for firefighters.
· San Gabriel Canyon Road/Hwy 39 – Closed at Northbound Hwy 39 at Sierra Madre Avenue. Southbound Hwy 39 is closed at East Fork Road · Glendora Mountain Road – Closed from Big Dalton to East Fork · Glendora Ridge Road – Closed from Glendora Mountain Road to Mt. Baldy Road · Santa Anita Canyon Road – Closed from Arno Drive to Chantry Flats Road
For more information on road closures due to the Ranch 2 Fire, please visit both the Caltrans website: http://quickmap.dot.ca.gov/ and the LA County Public Works Website: https:dpw.lacounty.gov/roadclosures/
Angeles National Forest Fire Restrictions: The Fire Danger today on the Angeles National Forest is EXTREME and Fire Restrictions are now in effect for this Forest.
The following activities are currently prohibited:
1. Building, maintaining, attending, or using a fire, campfire, or stove fire. 2. Smoking 3. Welding, or operating an acetylene or other torch with open flame 4. Discharging a firearm, air rifle or gas gun, except in the authorized public shooting ranges.
Please see https://www.fs.usda.gov/main/angeles/home and go to “Alerts and Warnings” on the right-hand side of the homepage for this and other Forest Orders.
Air Quality Impacts: Please visit http://californiasmokeinfo.blogspot.com/ for current information.
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What is the Project about?
This is a new project, unveiled in 2012 and coordinated by the COHRED (Council on Health Research for Development Group). MASCOT gathers partners and experts from Africa, Latin America and Europe, to identify and implement strategies for tackling health inequalities preferentially affecting children, adolescents and mothers.
Inequalities and vulnerable groups’ health, as well as the slow advances to achieve the health-related Millennium Development Goals, are concerns that need to be addressed, notably for low and middle-income countries. While some countries have made advances, these remain unknown to others that could still benefit from their experience. Higher collaboration could help, but is quite difficult to achieve. The MASCOT project aims to address this problem.
What is set to happen in the Project?
The main objective of MASCOT is to stimulate the cooperation between countries from three world regions (Europe, Africa, and Latin America) in order to identify and implement adequate and efficient country-specific strategies for tackling health inequalities preferentially affecting children, adolescents and mothers. MASCOT aims achieve its impact by:
- Creating links between North-South and South-South efforts in addressing maternal and child health (MCH) and health inequalities in low- and middle income countries;
- Provide evidence on best practice and policy advice for the development of future public health and health systems interventions.
MASCOT is expected to provide better coordinating mechanisms for South-South and North-South collaboration to:
- Enhance regional and local infrastructure, capabilities and capacities of research for health;
- Stimulate knowledge transfer and exchange mechanisms between and within countries for shaping policies, programs and health actions intended to provide better health and health services.
A full dissemination plan and products are ready for partners to use, these include a presentation template, brochure, flyer, poster, newsletter, webpage and intranet for Consortium Partners. Ultimately, MASCOT should allow reducing gaps in health inequalities between and within different world regions as the end-result of the strengthened collaborative actions. A number of countries to work with have been selected, as well as country experts to support data gathering. These Experts were trained in a Workshop that took place March 12-15 in Costa Rica. Mapping guidelines were issued, as well as specific tools for each component.
MASCOT is coordinated by the COHRED Group. MASCOT is supported by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n° 282507. MASCOT is running from October 1, 2011 to March 31, 2014. The MASCOT Consortium comprises
- COHRED (Council on Health Research for Development),
- Sociedade Portuguesa de Inovacao,
- Fundacion Instituto CentroAmericano de Salud Internacional,
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica,
- Universidad Catolica de la Santisima Concepcion,
- Centre for Health Policy – University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg,
- National Institute for Medical Research (Tanzania),
- School of Public Health – University of Ghana,
- Health Action Partnership International,
- Hopital Farhat Hached de Sousse
For more information
Francisco Becerra on email: email@example.com
Read the brochure on MASCOT
News/Events: MASCOT experts meeting, 29-30 October 2012
See the MASCOT website: www.mascotfp7.eu
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The Moonshae Isles
Capital: Caer (pronounced 'care') Callidyrr
Population: 680,400 (humans 89%, halflings 4%, elves 3%, dwarves 2%, half-elves 1%)
Religions: Chauntea (in an aspect of the Earthmother) among the Ffolk, Tempus among the Northlanders
Imports: Coal, horses, minor magic items, ore, parchment, silk
Exports: Armor, timber, weapons
Alignment: NG, N, NE
A cold cluster of rocky islands cloaked in mists and deep woods and sprinkled with abundant beats, bogs, and soaring mountains, the Moonshae Isles are shared by two dominant races of human folk. The northern section of the islands is dominated by seafaring Northlanders descended from raiders of Ruathym. A darker-haired darker-skinned human race known as the Ffolk, the islands' longer-term residents, control the southern part. The Ffolk thrive in a dozen petty kingdoms ruled over by a high queen.
In previous years the Northlanders and the Ffolk spent much of their time at each other's throats, particularly because of the Northlander's penchant for bloody raiding. The rise of High King Tristan Kendrick unified the two peoples of the Moonshaes. Tristan's daughter, High Queen Alicia, has held her kingdom together through the usual small wars between petty lords. Compared to the nations of the mainland Faerûn, the Moonshaes have enjoyed several decades of relative peace.
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There is rich history attached for this wonderful beverage that first found its self brewing in China centuries ago. There is a widely told ancient legend that a tea was concocted the actual great Emperor Shennong in 2737 D.C. It is said that on the windy day, a leaf from a Camellia Sinensis plant fell into a pot of water that he was boiling hot. He found the taste pertaining to being so inviting that from then on, tea became part of Chinese culture and lifestyle.
Matcha leaves have been stone ground into a powder cure. This was the tea commonly used at asia Tea Rituals. There are now farms in Japan that offer other breeds and blends that are stone ground into herbal Selenium Rich Tea powder as well. This offers you choices in taste and flavor.
A similar antioxidant is resveratrol in which found in red wine. If you compare EGCG to resveratrol, the EGCG has been found in order to twice as powerful being the red wine resveratrol and also up to 200 times more powerful than e vitamin as an oxidant.
Tip #3 – In search of long stemmed huge blooms that foods high in protein cut and display? If so, then hybrid China Enshi Yulu tea roses are just obviously have. However, if you are looking for roses for landscaping, you’ll probably want to go with climbing roses or perhaps Grandifloras.
However, hard work more for this special kind of tea than just battling cancer! Below we will quickly explore other aspects fantastic beverage is offering aside from just health condition.
Coriander – has an anti-aging china tea design. Make it a habit create green coriander salad to get its nutrients such as beta carotene and vitamin C, and antioxidants that protect against diseases that occur as they age. Other rich sources of antioxidants and peppers, carrots and broccoli.
Tea consumption really began in the east and was introduced to the west through alternative. In 1618 Russia was coming to tea, but tea was difficult to obtain, when they could not trade with China. In the eighteenth century Russia formed a caravan route of camels people move journey for most months. They’d meet attending a neutral zone between Russia and China, and than take the tea for you to the aristocrats of Russian federation. Russian peasants would use a “Samovar,” an urn that stores hot water, and was used tea.
Aside through your Chinese green varieties, we also have white, oblong, and black, all which lead into hundreds of more varieties for additional details on! This is why loose leaf tea becomes this particular type of great pleasure for most who like it. With loose tea, you will always find a new variety get!
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That is why the political and financial ruling elites like neither. They pay lip service to democracy but when it comes down to real issues; they dislike direct democracy, which decentralises political power, and they dislike crypto because it decentralises economic and financial power, as well as pushing the decentralisation of political power.
Let us look at the facts, at what the politicians on the Right and the Left say, as well as to their policies.
After their statements, I put my comments in brackets.
“Cryptocurrencies are a disaster waiting to happen”.
(It is obvious that if he could he could ban crypto to “prevent” a “disaster” he would. Trump can not resist spewing out what the New York financial and political clique, an his professors at the Wharton MBA school say; the only “serious financial system is the one we support and the supports us…”)
He isn’t a big fan of digital currencies because they’re hurting the dollar.
(No, Mr Trump, the dollar is hurting because the politicians like yourself keep printing money with nothing to back it up with. It is as if a person had a printing machine in the basement and prints dollars to go to Costo. Mr. Trump and Mr. Biden and Congress are in fact giving Americans dollar, just as is they printed the dollars in their basements. To say that Crypto is hurting the dollar is like saying that Toyota hurts GM because it makes better cars.)
“They certainly are something that people don’t know very much about,”
(I do not think Mr. Trump knows much either, otherwise he would not make the comments he makes.)
As for Biden and his administration, they are not as hostile as Trump but they are no friends of Crypto either. For example, the US Administration has rejected all applications to set up Exchange Traded Funds (ETFS) for the major cryptos, Bitcoin and Ethereum. Even Canada, where the establishment is no fan of direct democracy or crypto either, has approved several ETFs for Bitcoin and Ethereum.
Other US politicians, like Senator Warren, say things like:
“There are substantial difficulties with our current payment system. Nearly 33 million Americans have been locked out of the traditional banking system. They’re forced to use check cashers and payday lenders for basic banking services. And even those with traditional checking and savings accounts find that many of the largest banks have proven to be untrustworthy, gouging customers for overdraft or other fees or, in the case of Wells Fargo, just outright cheating their customers with fake accounts and fake services for which customers paid dearly.”
(Very interesting perspective; she says the current system is not working, but instead of aiming her guns at the political and financial operators of the current system, that leaves 33 million Americans locked out of the financial system, and many more trapped in it, she attacks crypto, a new technology that could help the 33 million and everybody else, in the US and around the World.)
(Warren shows her true beliefs; she is not concerned about the people, what she is concerned about is power and control, she does not like freedom, all politicians in power like control. She uses protection of the people as the fig leaf to hide her private true beliefs. The difference between representative democracies and dictatorships is that in representative democracies the people can replace those in control; the control changes. but the control never goes away. Warren knows she needs the big money of big money, the money of those who leave 33 million out, and have others trapped, to get elected)
(When Internet started, and even today, it had political and financial enemies, and not only in totalitarian regimes. Elected politicians like democracy only because it makes it possible for them to get elected and replace those currently in power, but once in power, they dislike democracy; they dislike the people to have any say on any specific decision.)
(Warren just reacts in the natural way elected politicians react. When something new challenges their decision-making power, they fight it. Crypto challenges their decision-making power. They know it and they dislike it. But they will never say that. They are very articulate, they know how to find cover with clever words about “protection of the weak”, “fairness”, “equality” and so on. But they hate and fear that the people have as much power as they do, and far less do they like that the people have more power, power to stop their laws and decisions.)
(Her reaction to Crypto, which means the people will have financial freedom and independence from banks and politicians, is like the reaction of Swiss elected politicians when the Swiss people decide to bring in direct democracy in 1867; Swiss politicians did not like direct democracy, either. During the Second World War, they even tried to revert to representative democracy, but the people stopped them. For all the talk about the Swiss banks, Switzerland is far friendlier to crypto than the US.)
Warren continues: “So, what are the alternatives? Digital currencies have been hyped as a solution to these problems. Early advocates claimed that cryptocurrencies would open up the financial system and deliver fast, cheap, and secure payments to anyone with an Internet connection. Others pointed out that crypto was a way to avoid the risks of dealing with the giant banks that squeezed customers dry.”
(Crypto is barely 11 years old; the most important crypto, Bitcoin, was launched in 2009. The second most important, Ethereum, was launched in 2013. All others are also very new. The services that crypto can provide are barely starting. Unfortunately, Warren does not want to give them a chance, I think I know why.)
“Cryptocurrencies have turned out to be a fourth-rate alternative to real currency. First, cryptocurrencies are a lousy way to buy and sell things. Unlike the dollar, their value fluctuates wildly depending on the whims of speculative day traders. You know, in just the last two months, the value of Dogecoin increased by more than ten-fold and then declined by nearly 60%. Now that may work for speculators and fly-by-night investors, but not for regular people who are looking for a stable source of value to get paid in and to use for day-to-day spending.”
(These are silly arguments. The people who buy crypto know what they are doing; they are not the naïve or the very old. The value of crypto only fluctuates wildly because it is just starting, it is mostly investors that are not averse to risk that buy crypto, just like the investors not averse to risk invested in Netscape, Apple, Google and all the others, and continue to invest in new ones, when they start. It is normal their value fluctuates wildly; it is in the nature of any new industry. I am sure the same happened with steam engine, cars, etc.)
“Second, crypto is a lousy investment. Unlike, say, the stock market, the crypto world currently has no consumer protection – none. As a result, honest investors and people trying to put aside some savings are at the mercy of fraudsters. Pump and dump schemes are outlawed in the case of ordinary stock, but they have become routine in crypto trading. One study found that the level of price manipulation in cryptocurrency is – and I quote – “unprecedented in modern markets.” ”
(This is laughable. If she is arguing current laws, and action by politicians, protect consumers, she is joking. Let us remember 2008; nobody rescued the millions homeowners who lost their homes, but the politicians rescued that big banks; is an interesting twist in consumer protection. Don’t sometimes naïve investors lose their shirts in stocks?)
“And third, crypto has become a haven for illegal activity. Online theft, drug trafficking, ransom attacks, and other illegal activity have all been made easier with crypto. Experts estimate that last year more than $412 million was paid to criminals in ransom through cryptocurrencies. And unlike other payment systems that make it tougher to move money illegally, a key feature of crypto is its secrecy. So just in the past few weeks, cryptocurrencies made it possible for hackers to collect a ransom to release the Colonial pipeline hack and to free JBS, the world’s largest meat producer, from a paralyzing cyberattacks. And every hack that is successfully paid off with a cryptocurrency becomes an advertisement for more hackers to try more cyberattacks.”
(Crypto-related crime does not even come close to the dollars drugs, theft, smuggling and many other illegal stuff move around the World. If use in criminal activities is the argument to attack crypto, a much stronger case can be mounted against the US Dollar.)
“Finally, there are the environmental costs of crypto. Many cryptocurrencies are created through “proof-of-work” mining. It involves using computers to solve useless mathematical puzzles in exchange for newly minted cryptocurrency tokens. Such mining has devastating consequences for the climate. Some crypto mining is set up near coal plants, spewing out filth in return for a chance to harvest a few cryptocoins. Total energy consumption is staggering, driving up demand for energy. If, for example, Bitcoin – just one of the cryptocurrencies – were a country, it would already be the 33rd largest energy user in the world – using more energy yearly than all of the Netherlands. ”
(She has a small case here, but small. The carbon footprint of bit coin is relatively easy to calculate; so many computers using consuming so many watts of electricity. But for paper money, trees have to be cut and transported, processed in polluting pulps and paper mills, shipped to printers and shipped again to the banks. Something similar is necessary with coins; mining, transporting, refining, etc. I doubt bitcoins have more environmental impact than paper and metal money. The pollution and contribution to global warming of crypto is minuscule compared to many other industries)
“And all those promised benefits-the currency that would be available at no cost to millions of unbanked families and that would provide a haven from the tricks and traps of big banks-well, those benefits haven’t materialized.”
(Isn’t she going too fast? Services based on crypto are barely starting. It is not logical to speak like that, unless you have already decided crypto is evil; like Trump, but in longer sentences.)
So, I leave there for you. But if we want to have political and economic freedom, we need direct democracy and crypto.
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Want to play a game with your friends? Open the Star Wars Soundboard and choose a list of your favorite sounds from the films. Play them and see how many of the effects your friends can name. The sounds of Star Wars are so eminently recognizable that they stick with you even if you’ve only seen the films a few times. Sound designer Ben Burtt did remarkable work by gathering sounds in the field and manipulating them in imaginative ways. His efforts added to the worldbuilding and made the Star Wars universe a more realistic, complete place. These are five of the iconic sounds from the saga:
1. Beeps and boops.
R2-D2 wouldn’t be the same without his whistles and beeps. They tell us what he’s thinking and feeling; he wouldn’t have as complete a personality without them. Burtt said his first attempts at creating Artoo’s voice were too electronic. He used a synthesizer, but he couldn’t capture emotion with it. He tried something else. He said, “We ended up with a 50/50 mix of electronic synthesizer-generated sound and my voice making funny inflections. The combination camouflaged the two sources, and we found that we could get Artoo to act. But it was something that we arrived at very slowly.” [Source: Starlog Magazine 103]
2. The breathing heard around the world.
You can sometimes hear Darth Vader before you can see him. The sound of the Sith Lord’s breathing adds to the intimidation factor. It emphasizes the fact that he’s more machine than man and makes him more ominous. Burtt created the sound by placing a microphone inside a regulator on a scuba breathing apparatus and breathing into it in different ways. [Source: The Sounds of Star Wars]
3. The sound of battle.
When attending any sort of Star Wars event, the sound I hear fans replicate the most is the distinctive thrum of a lightsaber. The elegant weapon comes with a range of noises — powering up and down and strikes in combat — but they’re all familiar. Burtt said the noise was there from the beginning: “Oddly enough, it was the first sound I ever made for Star Wars. When I read the script, I immediately had something in mind. It was an old motor on a projector at the USC Cinema Department. I went and recorded it right away. The humming sound was partly based on that motor.” [Source: Star Wars Insider #26]
4. Start your engines.
The roaring sound of cars speeding around a race track is memorable, and it’s the same with podracers. The variety of noises present in the podrace is staggering; they immerse you in the event. The sounds of the engines throughout the race particularly stand out. Each vehicle was different because Burtt gave each of them a personality. His team used the sound of actual engines from cars such as Porches and Mustangs and tools such as the Kyma (a sound synthesizer) and wave-table chopper to make the podracers come to life. [Source: The Sounds of Star Wars]
5. Growling and howling.
Though many people can imitate the sound of the Wookiee language of Shyriiwook, it’s not a spoken language. Burtt put together Chewbacca’s voice using sounds he collected from animals such as bears, badgers, and walruses. He took pieces from each recording, categorized them by emotion, and cut them together to make Chewie’s speech. [Source: Ben Burtt Interview]
Want more? Don’t forget to watch the StarWars.com team count down the 10 best sound effects.
Which Star Wars sounds would you add to this list?
Amy Ratcliffe is a writer obsessed with Star Wars, Disney, and coffee. Follow her on Twitter at @amy_geek.
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According to IMARC Group latest report titled” Bromine Market: Global Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity and Forecast 2021-2026”, the market is currently witnessing strong growth. The global Bromine Market to exhibit moderate growth during the next five years. Bromine refers to the chemical element found naturally in Earth’s crusts and extracted with the help of electrolysis. It is soluble in water and has a deep red color and a pungent odor. Bromine is widely utilized to make organobromine compounds, which find extensive applications in manufacturing halon fire extinguishers that prevent fire breakouts in museums, airports, tanks, etc. Bromine is also widely used in film photography, surface cleaning of printed circuits, disinfecting swimming pools and industrial cooling water, etc.
Request to get the sample report: https://www.imarcgroup.com/bromine-market/requestsample
As the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis takes over the world, we are continuously tracking the changes in the markets, as well as the purchase behaviours of the consumers globally and our estimates about the latest market trends and forecasts are being done after considering the impact of this pandemic.
The rising food insecurity concerns and decreasing arable land availability are primarily driving the use of bromine to improve crop yields while catering to the nutritional requirements. Besides this, the government bodies of numerous countries are encouraging the adoption of modern agricultural practices that involve long-term storage of products, including grains, cotton, fresh fruit, vegetables, etc., which is further propelling the product demand. Moreover, the increasing need to control pests from degrading products stored for extended periods is also catalyzing the utilization of bromine. Apart from this, the expanding food and beverage (F&B) industry is further bolstering the usage of bromine as an emulsifier in beverages, which is augmenting the global market. Additionally, the growing product applications in manufacturing fumigants, dyestuffs, textiles, water purification compounds, chemical intermediates, etc., are expected to bolster the bromine market in the coming years.
Explore full report with table of contents: https://www.imarcgroup.com/bromine-market
Competitive Landscape with Key players:
The report has also analysed the competitive landscape of the market with some of the key players being.
- Albemarle Corporation
- Chemada Industries Ltd.
- Gulf Resources Inc.
- Hindustan Salts Limited
- Honeywell International Inc.
- ICL Group Ltd.
- Jordan Bromine Company Limited
- Lanxess AG
- Solaris Chemtech Industries Limited (Agrocel Industries Pvt. Ltd.)
- Tata Chemicals Limited
- TETRA Technologies Inc.
- Tosoh Corporation
Bromine Market Segmentation:
Our report has categorized the market based on region, derivative, application and end user.
Breakup by Derivative:
- Hydrogen Bromide
- Organobromine Compounds
- Bromine Fluids
Breakup by Application:
- Flame Retardants (FR)
- Bromine-Based Batteries
- Clear Brine Fluids (CBF)
Breakup by End User:
- Oil and Gas
Breakup by Region:
- North America (United States, Canada)
- Europe (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, Others)
- Asia Pacific (China, Japan, India, Australia, Indonesia, Korea, Others)
- Latin America (Brazil, Mexico, Others)
- Middle East and Africa (United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Iraq, Other)
Key highlights of the report:
- Market Performance (2015-2020)
- Market Outlook (2021-2026)
- Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
- Market Drivers and Success Factors
- SWOT Analysis
- Value Chain
- Comprehensive Mapping of the Competitive Landscape
We are updating our reports, If you want latest primary and secondary data (2021-2026) with Cost Module, Business Strategy, Competitive landscape, etc. Click request free sample report, the report will be delivered to you in PDF format via email within 24 to 48 hours after the payment confirmation.
IMARC Group is a leading market research company that offers management strategy and market research worldwide. We partner with clients in all sectors and regions to identify their highest-value opportunities, address their most critical challenges, and transform their businesses.
IMARC’s information products include major market, scientific, economic and technological developments for business leaders in pharmaceutical, industrial, and high technology organizations. Market forecasts and industry analysis for biotechnology, advanced materials, pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, travel and tourism, nanotechnology and novel processing methods are at the top of the company’s expertise.
Related Reports of IMARC Group:
Alfalfa Hay Market: https://www.imarcgroup.com/alfalfa-hay-market
Organic Coffee Market: https://www.imarcgroup.com/organic-coffee-market
Class D Audio Amplifier Market: https://www.imarcgroup.com/class-d-audio-amplifier-market
Drone-Powered Business Solutions Market: https://www.imarcgroup.com/drone-powered-business-solutions-market
Immunodiagnostics Market: https://www.imarcgroup.com/immunodiagnostics-market
Cumene Market: https://www.imarcgroup.com/cumene-market
Text Analytics Market: https://www.imarcgroup.com/text-analytics-market
Furfural Market: https://www.imarcgroup.com/furfural-market
Performance Analytics Market: https://www.imarcgroup.com/performance-analytics-market
Motor Monitoring Market: https://www.imarcgroup.com/motor-monitoring-market
Contact US: IMARC Group 30 N Gould St Ste R Sheridan, WY 82801 USA – Wyoming Email: [email protected] Tel No:(D) +91 120 433 0800 Americas:- +1 631 791 1145 | Africa and Europe :- +44-702-409-7331 | Asia: +91-120-433-0800, +91-120-433-0800
30 N Gould St Ste R
Sheridan, WY 82801 USA – Wyoming
Email: [email protected]
Tel No:(D) +91 120 433 0800
Americas:- +1 631 791 1145 | Africa and Europe :- +44-702-409-7331 | Asia: +91-120-433-0800, +91-120-433-0800
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Earlier this year, Delhi girl Shreya Vardhan created a world record with a 100 per cent score in SAT and Toefl exams. Shreya, a student of DPS RK Puram, credited her voracious reading habit as having helped her get the perfect score. Like Shreya, it pays to be a booklover when it comes to clearing qualifying exams to study abroad because proficiency in English is an important factor for admission at most universities.
Foreign universities need Indian students to take English language tests such as Toefl (Test of English as a Foreign Language) and IELTS (International English Language Testing System) to prove their language and communication competence. The tests assess how well a student can read, write, listen and speak in English. Our featured website www.examenglish.com delves closely into these important exams and offers tests to help practise for them.
The site gives a brief introduction about each test, explains the entire structure of the exam with sections on grammar and vocabulary building. The other prominent English exams featured include Toeic (Test of English for International Communication), the Cambridge exams, the Pearson test for English, Cambridge Michigan tests and CEFR (Common European framework of reference for languages). There is also a SAT reasoning test category.
First timers should ideally attempt the level test on the site. It basically tests grammar and vocabulary skills with an additional link to a listening test. The results will tell you the level at which you should begin practising on the site.
All important English exams are mapped according to the CEFR level put together by the Council of Europe. The CEFR divides learners into three broad divisions — the breakthrough user, the independent user and the proficient user.
The level test of the site has links to information about the complete CEFR levels and prescribed grammar at each level. For instance, if you are at the A1 level, also called the breakthrough level, you will have the basic ability to communicate and exchange information in English. You would have to begin practising common adjectives, prepositions and adverbs.
Coming back to the topic of exams, several international universities accept both IELTS and Toefl scores these days. If your desired institute accepts either of the two, the decision to choose which one to attempt rests on you. The detailed descriptions of the test format of both IELTS and Toefl on the site make it easier for students to compare the features of the tests.
Answers to questions on costs, duration, time and test centres are also listed on examenglish. A few tips, articles and related books feature in the sub sections. But the most useful aspect on the site is the free tests. There are tests on reading, listening, writing, speaking and vocabulary skills.
Five lesser known but equally important English tests also find space on the site following a similar format with sub-sections and tests. Each section is well-explained.
Grammar is an essential aspect of any language. Getting your grammar right would mean half the battle won in a language test. Head to the grammar section from the homepage to practise your tenses and master sentence construction.
The site makers have listed grammar topics according to each level in a tabular format with links to each topic. In the vocabulary section, the academic word list is a life saver. It has tests based on 570 of the most frequently used words in academic texts. The usage and meaning of the words are described as well.
However, for all the detailed explanations about vital English exams, the appearance of the site is a sore point. The site is heavy on text and comes with no images and graphics. Overlook the dull appearance and be here for the tests, the vocabulary wordlist and exam details.
Additionally, each exam and its format is well explained with examples. The site is easy to navigate and comprehend. Although the site has a fair number of advertisements they do not appear to distract readers. Follow the site’s Facebook page to get a daily dose of grammar teasers, word puzzles and to interact with other test takers.
WHAT IS IT?
A portal that offers tips to ace English language tests
The appearance of the site is a sore point. It is heavy on text and comes with no images and graphics
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Manila (Philippines) – May 12, 2017 (travelindex) – Policy leaders, statisticians, academicians and private sector will convene in Manila, The Philippines, next June 2017 (21-24), to discuss new methodologies to measure the full impacts of tourism. The 6th edition of the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) International Conference on Statistics, an official event of the International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development 2017, will address the topic of ‘Measuring Sustainable Tourism’.
Supported by the United Nations Statistics Division, the UNWTO initiative ‘Towards a Statistical Framework for Measuring Sustainable Tourism’ (MST) underlines the need to measure the full effects of the tourism sector. The UNWTO International Conference to be held in Manila will serve as a platform to discuss the first draft of the MST framework and its future implementation.
The Philippines has become a reference in the region with regard to tourism measurement and a role model in the development of effective inter-institutional collaboration to develop tourism statistics. The commitment of the country, shown in the development of the Tourism Satellite Account framework, explains the decision to host the discussion on the MST initiative.
A Ministerial Roundtable will inaugurate the Conference in order to align efforts to advocate among governments the relevance of integrated and reliable data to manage and promote a more sustainable tourism sector. Afterwards, a Panel of Statistical Institutes will provide the opportunity to share experiences and practices implemented at global, regional and national level.
Other technical sessions will focus on understanding data demands, the link between the economic, the environmental and the social dimensions of sustainable tourism, including job creation, sub-national measurement, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) indicators, and data sources including big data.
Besides policy leaders, statistical experts and private sector, representatives from international organizations such as the International Labor Organization (ILO), the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) and Eurostat will also contribute to the discussions.
Find out more and register for the 6th UNWTO Conference on Tourism Statistics in the Philippines, here.
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EIGHT YEARS LATER |
May 07, 2009
EIGHT YEARS LATER
Name: RN Clara Hart
Posting date: 5/8/09
Stationed in: a military hospital in the U.S.
Milblog: From Our Perspective
The September 11th Pentagon Memorial opened last year, and while I had an invite to the official unveiling I could not bring myself to go. This weekend was different, so with friends in tow I worked up the courage to make the journey. I knew it was going to be a hard thing for me. After losing friends that day and being at the scene as a medical provider there were too many painful memories for it not to be.
The day dawned bright and beautiful; sunny, cloudless blue sky, temperatures in the 80s. A day a lot like Sept 11th, 2001, and there was an eerie sense of calm as I stepped out of my car and took it all in. Sucking in deep breaths I reached back for the flowers I had brought and straightening with them in my shaking hands I gazed at the memorial. It was the first time I had seen it except in a picture or architectural plans.
As my friends walked by my side, my steps slowed with trepidation the closer we got to the entrance. Two black granite walls were inscribed with “Pentagon Memorial” and words which reduced me to tears.
The first wall said, “We claim this ground in remembrance of the events of September 11th, 2001. To honor the 184 people whose lives were lost, their families and all who sacrifice that we may live in freedom. We will never forget”.
The second wall bore these words: “On September 11th, 2001 acts of terrorism took the lives of thousands at the World Trade Center in New York City, in a grassy field in Shanksville, Pennsylvania and here at the Pentagon. We will forever remember our loved ones, friends and colleagues.”
As my vision began to blur I scanned the names for one in particular. Unable to find it I clutched the flowers to my chest and began to cry in earnest. I remembered hearing the words “We can’t find him” that day and in the days that followed. I smelled the jet fuel and saw the flames and black clouds of smoke rising from the destroyed building. I heard the “evacuate” orders and in my mind I watched people running. Pain blindsided me and sobs buried deep within clawed their way out. I wanted to fall to my knees, wrap my arms around my body and scream with the absolute agony of the hurt inside me. The sorrow overflowed and I was helpless. My friends, on either side of me, wrapped their arms around me and protected me from the onlookers witnessing this very private hell.
Slowly I was able to regain control and move forward into the memorial. As I walked the perimeter I looked at the years on the markers. The memorial is set up from youngest to oldest, each name engraved on the open end of a bench, with the bench opening to the Pentagon if the person was on the plane or opening away from the Pentagon if the person was in the building.
Reaching the correct year I began to walk amongst the granite and silver benches; once again unable to find that particular name I began to feel panic whelm up inside me. My friend called my name and as I turned around he pointed and said, “It’s here”. Making my way over I sat and laid my flowers in the water flowing below. Thoughts and images raced around in my head, silent screams once again threatening to become audible. How is it possible after almost eight years it can still hurt this badly?
Later I faced my friend and looked at him and said, “You often tell me I am passionate about my work, protective as hell of my wounded and their families." I waved my hand in the direction of the other benches and the Pentagon. “This is why." With tears streaming down my face and in a voice choked with emotion I spoke of that day and I told him things I have never shared with anyone. I talked about the very basic fact that, to me, every single one of the men and women I care for is helping to prevent another September 11th.
When I finished speaking he walked over to me and wrapped his arms around me, my sobs again taking over as we stood there. A combat veteran and a nurse, both with memories too painful to put into words but sharing the common ground, the agony, that such images and experiences bring.
Needing to be alone I wandered off, and when I was ready I circled back around to meet my friends. As they approached I saw another woman accompanying them. As we drew even she gazed at me and said, “I’m sorry to intrude, but I felt led to come over and tell you how sorry I am for your loss." Her face filled with sadness. She said she was from Texas, and I recognized her as the woman who had arrived at the same time we did, and had witnessed my collapse. Embarrassed, I wanted to move on, but she opened her arms and said, “I’m so sorry for your pain. Please, I’d like to give you a hug if I may.” In that moment the kindness and empathy of strangers was shown to me. She understood, even eight years later. I briefly hugged her, thanked her for her words and had to move on, afraid if I stayed any longer the pain would resurface and I would once again be reduced to wrenching sobs.
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AMD aims CPUs at 10in SCCs
CEO's 'death of netbook' claim exaggerated
AMD CEO Dirk Meyer has been reported to have forecast the death of the netbook, but looking back at the original story in which he's quoted reveals he doesn't have quite such a negative view.
The confusion centres on Meyer's statement, made in a brief interview with Cnet, that: "I hate to say netbooks because a year from now people won't say netbooks."
From that, a lot of folk will have assumed the netbook segment will somehow have vanished. Not so. In fact, Meyer sees the already hazy line dividing netbooks from notebooks simply becoming even more indistinct.
"A year from now people are not going to talk about a netbook versus a notebook because the lines are going to be so blurred it's not going to make any difference anymore," he said.
That's no great insight - it's happening already. Dell has a 12in machine out that's part of its Inspiron Mini family, and Samsung's about to introduce a 12in netbook-spec laptop of its own. Netbook pioneer Asus reckons there'll be a clear shift this year away from 9in and smaller netbooks to the 10in form-factor. Acer's move to launch a 10in Aspire One, with the prospect that it'll quietly kill off the original, 9in version, suggests it agrees with Asus.
The 10in form-factor certainly isn't going to disappear, then, and Meyer said he wants AMD to compete with Intel and VIA to get its CPUs into 10in machines. Not smaller ones, it's true, but that ties in with the general move to establish the 10in screen as the netbook's defining characteristic.
"You will see our chips show up in devices down to the $399 price point,” Meyer forecast.
What defines a netbook? Sub-laptop performance? Size? Price? Given how cheap so many 15in laptops have been over the past 12 months or so, price was always a tricky differentiator. Yes, machines like the Aspire One and original 7in Eee PC came in at under £200, but most netbooks filled the £200-400 space, most congregating at a point north of £300.
Right now, netbooks aren't as powerful as notebooks, but that's inevitably changing as processor technology evolves. Plenty of folk already reckon an Intel Atom is just as effective at running the apps they need as a Core 2, and that's not going to change, especially if Windows 7 does indeed turn out to be less resource-hungry than its predecessor.
The key applications for netbooks may be web browsing, email and office tools, but that's true of the great majority of notebooks out there.
SSDs? Most netbooks have HDDs now. Linux? Too many Windows XP machines on the market for that.
That leaves size as the only true stand-out feature separating netbooks from notebooks, and as the former have grown from 7in to 9in to 10in and now 12in, they've joined up with notebooks to form a continuum of sizes extending through 13.3in, 14in, 15in and 17in to the handful of 18in monsters out there.
So, netbooks become notebooks, and we can go back to calling any mobile PC a laptop then? Maybe, but crucially there will be small, cheap computers next year and beyond. And they'll be what we today call a netbook, no matter what we call them tomorrow. ®
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Brushing and flossing after meals is always important, but did you know that there are many food and drink items that come dentist-recommended to keep your smile fresh and your teeth strong? It’s true, just take a look at the following list to learn how to gear your diet toward effective and sustainable dental health.
One little known fact about tea is that it is great at destroying bacteria in your mouth. Just like water, tea is one of the few drinks that has no erosive effect on teeth, making it a great substitute for soft drinks or fruit juice (just as long as you don’t add any sugar). In addition, green tea has been found to have antioxidant properties that have added oral health benefits. Both green and black teas absorb fluoride from the soil, making it an all-around dental health booster.
Like other dairy products, cheese is packed with calcium, which fortifies teeth and bones. This is the perfect way to protect against cavities and strengthen your choppers for the long run. Cheese also helps balance the pH levels in our mouths which can be disrupted by acidic food and drink.
Most seafood is a great source of phosphorus, which is necessary to keep teeth and jaws strong. Also, omega-3 fatty acids that are found in fish and seafood are some of the best anti-inflammatories around, which helps periodontal disease and a whole host of other potential problems.
Crisp fruits and vegetables
There’s no doctor on earth who wouldn’t recommend eating more fruits and vegetables, but for dentists, there is an extra hidden benefit in addition to all the nutrients and fiber. Fresh, crisp fruits and vegetables are relatively low in sugar and will help scrape plaque off teeth, fulfilling a similar role as your toothbrush.
Join the food revolution
When combined with regular brushing and flossing, these food choices can add a major boost to your oral health, offering long-term benefits while remaining as tasty as ever. Try a couple out for yourself and experience the benefits first hand.
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Work with LifeSpan to design a custom immunohistochemistry to address your specific biological question. Outsource the entire localization process without having to
worry about finding and characterizing target specific antibodies, sourcing and validating difficult-to-find tissues, and having the ability to interpret the resulting
immunostaining in relation to complex human pathologies.
TCR Screening Services
Test your therapeutic antibodies in immunohistochemistry against a broad panel of normal frozen human tissue types in order to determine potential unintended binding.
Our non-GLP TCR services are designed on the FDA recommendation outlined in their "Points to Consider in the Manufacture and Testing of Monoclonal Antibody Products for Human Use".
BCAR3 Protein, NSP2 Protein, SH2D3B Protein, Novel SH2-containing protein 2 Protein
Breast tumors are initially dependent on estrogens for growth and progression and can be inhibited by anti-estrogens such as tamoxifen. However, breast cancers progress to become anti-estrogen resistant. Breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance gene 3 was identified in the search for genes involved in the development of estrogen resistance. The gene encodes a component of intracellular signal transduction that causes estrogen-independent proliferation in human breast cancer cells.
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JERUSALEM, Dec. 31 (JTA) — A new phenomenon is catching on in the streets of Jerusalem’s Old City: walking to the fates of the Temple Mount to recite from the Book of Psalms.
Just before every Rosh Chodesh, the first day of the Hebrew month, thousands of men and women gather in the courtyard next to the Western Wall to go on a holy parade.
The crowd is led in a chant of Psalm 24, the words reverberating off the ancient walls. “Lift up your heads, ye gates, and the King of Glory will come in,” they read.
This ritual actually is a revival of an ancient tradition that dates back to the days of the Temple.
Click here to read the rest of this exciting article.
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This review was initially written by me for the Polymer Clay Smooshers ArtFire Guild blog.
The Art of Jewelry: Polymer Clay by Katherine Duncan Aimone.
152 pages, soft cover, full color.
It is a wonderful book for intermediate to advanced clayers. I do not recommend this book to beginners. The projects in the book contain just a few illustrations each, and in most cases steps are not described in full, since, being an advanced clayer, you are supposed to know how to do elementary things. I have heard some negative reviews about this book, and they mostly came from beginners, which is understandable. If you are just starting your journey into the wonderful world of polymer clay, you may become disappointed and overwhelmed by this book and may be better off with simpler projects at first, reserving this one for the time when your skills will reach the next level. However, if you are an intermediate to advanced polymer artist, this book would be a sheer delight to you, as you would have a chance to challenge yourself while using well-familiar techniques and learning new ones. Following the instructions in the book, you would truly be making art jewelry, of quality and beauty such as to be easily displayed in an art museum.
The Art of Jewelry, as its title implements, is a jewelry-making oriented book, in other words, all projects in it are polymer clay jewelry. The book contains:
– 12 necklace projects;
– 7 pendant projects;
– 7 brooch/pin projects;
– 6 bracelet projects;
– and 3 earring projects.
Techniques you will be using (and learning) include:
– image transfer;
– transfer etching;
– screen printing;
– freeform mica shift;
– color blends, including Skinner Blend;
– caning, advanced caning and millefiori;
– faux tesserae mosaics (clay embossing);
– faux glass;
– faux ceramics (Celadon glaze);
– faux fresco (gelatin coating);
– creation of hollow forms;
Some of the projects require use of general metalsmithing skills, such as soldering, wire work and riveting.
The book’s cover states Katherine Duncan Aimone as the author, however she is the compiler and the author of the introduction to the book. The introduction is followed by the polymer clay jewelry basics chapter by Mari O’Dell. In that chapter, you can find information on:
– polymer clay, its properties, conditioning, storing and curing;
– materials that can be used with polymer, such as embossing powders, metal leaf, heat set inks and so on;
– an overview of basic and special tools used for working with polymer, including advice on making and using your own molds;
– finishing options and surface treatments;
– use of findings in polymer jewelry, including excellent instructions on attaching a pin back to polymer brooches.
Projects themselves start from the page 24. Artists whose projects are featured include:
– Judith Skinner (3 projects);
– Jacqueline Lee (3 projects);
– Pier and Penina (4 projects);
– Louise Fischer Cozzi (2 projects);
– Mari O’Dell (3 projects);
– Jennifer Bezingue (3 projects);
– SL Savarick (2 projects):
– Stephanie Jones Rubiano (1 project);
– Sandra McCaw (1 project);
– Lindly Haunani (3 projects);
– Jeffrey Lloyd Dever (1 project);
– Leslie Blackford (2 projects);
– Julia Converse Sober (3 projects);
– Wendy Wallin Malinow (2 projects).
The beautiful cover piece, Snow Flower Brooch by Sandra McCaw, is included in the book and is an advanced caning project.
Book contains a lot of useful tips. There is a wonderful inspiring Gallery section which alone makes book to be worth its price. You can learn things by just looking at these beautiful high quality photographs. Pieces presented in the Gallery are advanced to ultra advanced. At the end of the book you can find short bios of the artists whose projects are featured, alone with their contact information. And like all of that already was not enough, the book also contains a metric conversion (inches to centimeters) chart.
I would give this book six stars out of five and highly recommend it to advanced clayers interested in jewelry projects.
On the right you can see a project I created after reading the book. It is “Shield of Glory” pendant necklace.
I plan to be posting a free tute on a Valentine’s Day pendant necklace soon, so stay tuned! 🙂 I will do it as soon as time permits.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://2grays.net/265/book-review-the-art-of-jewelry-polymer-clay/
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As mentioned in this blog on several times, we are always on the lookout for interesting scientific studies related to the treatment of pancreatic cancer with alternative or complementary treatment approaches.
The July issue of the journal Oncology Reports features research by Chen and colleagues from the University of Kansas Medical Center looking at the effect of the naturally occurring extract of the Pao Pereira tree from the Amazon forests on pancreatic cancer cell lines and in mice. This is a follow-up to earlier work out of Columbia University in New York City suggesting that a couple of plant extracts containing beta-carbolines (including Pao Pereira) appeared to inhibit cancer cell lines.
The current study is somewhat elaborate. The Pao showed inhibition of all five of the pancreatic cancer cell lines that were studied. Also, the combination of Pao Pereira plus gemcitabine showed synergy in the inhibition of these cancer cell lines. Finally, Pao and gemcitabine alone and in combination were presented to live mice with pancreatic cancer tumors (PACN-1) which were then serially scanned. The Pao Pereira showed significant action in inhibiting tumor growth. And the combination of Pao Pereira coupled with gemcitabine showed even more apparent activity (inhibition).
This is the kind of serious science that we love to see with alternative therapies. It appears at this early stage that Pao Pereira is worthy of further study – possibly eventually making its way to clinical trials. There are many stages to this of course, but this research is a refreshing clean look at an interesting potentially effective “new” treatment agent for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Time (and future research) will tell …
Dale O’Brien, MD
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<urn:uuid:c760fb41-edd0-4ab8-905d-d75896637f95>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://pancreatica.org/pre-clinical-study-of-natural-product-from-amazon-tree-geissospermum-vellosii/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00356-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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| 0.957578
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Background: Nearly one-third of patients on hemodialysis receive intravenous (IV) antibiotics annually, but national data characterizing antibiotic use in this population are limited. Using NHSN surveillance data for outpatient dialysis facilities, we estimated temporal changes in the rate of IV antibiotic starts (IVAS) among hemodialysis patients as well as the proportion of IVAS that were not supported by a reported clinical indication. Methods: IVAS events were obtained from the NHSN Dialysis Event module between 2016 and 2020, excluding patients who were out of network, receiving peritoneal or home dialysis, or with unspecified vascular access. IVAS unsupported by documentation were defined as new IVAS without a collected or positive blood culture, pus, redness or swelling event, or an associated clinical symptom. Pooled mean rates of total and unsupported IVAS were estimated per 100 patient months yearly and stratified by vascular access type. Differences in IVAS rates by year were estimated with negative binomial regression. Results: Between 2016 and 2020, 7,278 facilities reported 648,410 IVAS events; 161,317 (25%) were unsupported by documentation (Table 1). In 2016, 3,340 (54%) facilities with ≥1 IVAS event reported an IVAS unsupported by documentation, which increased to 4,994 (73%) in 2020. Total IVAS rates decreased by an average of 8.2% annually (95% CI, 7.1%–9.3%; P < .001). The average annual percentage decrease did not differ significantly by vascular access site. The total IVAS rate was lowest in 2020 (2.17 per 100 patient months; 95% CI, 2.18–2.17). IVAS rates in 2020 were greatest for patients with catheter access (4.79 per 100 patient months; 95% CI, 4.75–4.83), followed by graft (1.71 per 100 patient months; 95% CI, 1.68–1.73), and lowest for patients with fistulas (1.30 per 100 patient months; 95% CI, 1.29–1.31). The overall pooled mean rate of unsupported IVAS was 0.64 per 100 patient months (95% CI, 0.63–0.64), which did not significantly change by year (Fig. 1). Conclusions: Total IVAS rates among outpatient hemodialysis patients have decreased since 2016, and rates among catheter patients remain highest compared to patients with fistulas or grafts. However, unsupported IVAS rates did not change, and the proportion of facilities reporting an unsupported IVAS increased annually. Targeted efforts to engage facilities with unsupported IVAS may help improve accurate reporting and prescribing practices.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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http://core-cms.prod.aop.cambridge.org/core/search?filters%5BauthorTerms%5D=Jeneita%20Bell&eventCode=SE-AU
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Inside the other Channel Tunnel you don't normally see
Channel Tunnel out of the depths 20 years on
It was opened in May 1994. The tunnel is a 50.45 kilometres long. It links linking Folkestone, Kent, in the United Kingdom, with Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais, near Calais in northern France. The tunnel leads beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover. At its lowest point, it is 75 m deep below the sea bed.
Explore contextually related video stories in a new eye-catching way. Try Combster now!
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.spectroom.com/1025504196-channel-tunnel-announced
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| 0.933758
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| 2.40625
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DANVILLE, Ill. — Jasmin Grajales has wondered, upon occasion, whether she descended from an Aztec princess. Her mom told her that her grandparents immigrated to the United States from Mexico and her great-grandfather came from an Aztec tribe.
Joshua White’s mom told him that he has a German, Japanese and Hawaiian heritage.
“Maybe one of my ancestors was a Samurai,” said Joshua, who has strawberry-blond hair, blue eyes and is 5-foot-7 and growing. “That would be cool!”
Jasmin and Joshua are a couple of months away from discovering exactly who they are and where they came from.
They and 20 other seventh-graders in the Advancement Via Individual Determination, or AVID, program at South View Middle School are tracing their DNA through the National Geographic’s Genographic Project.
“AVID is giving them a future,” teacher Amy Robinson said of the college-readiness program that targets first-generation college students. “This project will give them their history.”
The scientific project uses cutting-edge genetic and computational technologies “to answer the fundamental questions about where we originated and how we came to populate the Earth.”
Since its launch in 2005, 609,030 people from 140 countries have participated.
Robinson has wanted to involve her students since attending a conference at the Ron Clark Academy in Atlanta last November.
Clark did it with his incoming fifth-graders, many of whom are minority and low-income.
“He said many of them only think (of their history) as far back as slavery,” Robinson recalled.
“But there were so many pretty awesome tribes from West Africa and Africa that these kids probably descended from. This gives them a heritage, culture and background they can take pride in.”
Robinson was able to purchase 22 Geno 2.0 kits thanks to a Danville Public School Foundation grant funded through donations from the Plumbers and Steamfitters Local 157 and AT&T. The kits cost close to $3,300.
“This is what foundation is all about — supporting enhanced educational experiences for our students,” said Bob Richard, the foundation’s executive director. “It’s new. It’s creative. This is what the kids will remember about school.”
The students collected their DNA samples on a recent Friday. They unwrapped a swab that looked like a miniature toothbrush on a long stick, then scraped the inside of one cheek for 45 seconds.
After securing the sample in a small vial, they repeated the exercise on the other side of their mouth.
“Scrape off those cells. That’s where your DNA comes from,” the teacher directed.
Robinson will ship the samples, encoded so that participants remain anonymous, to a laboratory where scientists will use advanced technology to examine a collection of nearly 150,000 DNA “markers” selected to provide ancestry-relevant information.
Scientists are using the information “to chart a more complete map of the early stages of human history by carefully comparing the DNA from world populations that have been genetically and geographically stable for hundreds or thousands of years.”
When students receive their results in eight to 10 weeks, they will use it as the basis for several projects and lessons.
In geography, they will choose a location in their DNA background and period of time when their ancestors would have been there. Then they will create a timeline covering a century and come up with 50 events that would have occurred.
“It’s always been a struggle to get the kids interested in geography,” Robinson said, adding the DNA project will give the lessons more relevance.
“It will just give them a more personal connection. They should be able to connect it to, ‘I had a great-, great-, great-grandparent in that situation.’ Now, they look at those situations and think, ‘This means what to me?’”
Students also will refer to the project when they read native folk tales in history and study genetics and DNA in science.
Jada Taylor said she’s eager to see her results. “I think I came from Africa or somewhere,” said Jada, who can trace her lineage back only to Chicago where she knows her parents and grandparents lived.
While Jasmin has always been curious about her ancestors’ names, she said the project has gotten her thinking about them more, including what they did and where they lived.
“I’d like to go there someday,” she said of her earliest ancestors’ home. “I think it would be interesting to step on the same land they were on.”
PHOTO: In this Sept. 20, 2013 photo, Jada Taylor, a seventh-grade student at South View Middle School in Danville, Ill., swabs the inside of her cheek to get a DNA sample in her social studies classroom. The DNA will be tested to trace the ancestry of Jada and 21 other seventh graders in the school's AVID program through the National Geographic's Genographic Project. (AP Photo/The News-Gazette, Noelle McGee)
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CC-MAIN-2016-44
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https://www.indianagazette.com/news/print.php?article=18358524
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In the media
Own the book
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<urn:uuid:4cfa35db-5dea-4880-a90e-9a8a5fd47117>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.electrical-efficiency.com/tag/china/
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| 0.859289
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| 1.507813
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Smart sensors on building site. http://url.ie/11ni2
Construction sites can be dangerous places. And while recent advancements in safety technology have done a lot to help protect workers, there hasn't been as much focus on protecting the site itself from things like fire, water and mold damage.
Any of these three risks can cost construction companies (or insurance companies) millions of dollars in damages, and are the biggest causes for loss in construction damage.
So how do you prevent these things from happening? Pillar Technologies, a New York-based startup competing in TechCrunch's CES Hardware Battlefield 2017 has a solution.
The company has developed smart sensors for construction sites, as well as a backend system to turn all the data collected from the sensors into a system that gives both real-time alerts and long-term analysis of the risk level for these accidents.
The sensors themselves are a little smaller than a shoebox, and are designed to be mounted throughout a construction site – about one per every 2,000 sq. ft. of building space.These sensors can detect temperature, humidity, dust particulates, pressure, noise vibration and volatile organic compounds (which arise from an overload of varnish or paint).
By combining all of these data points from hundreds of sensors across a job site, Pillar Technologies can essentially understand the changing environmental conditions across an entire construction site. They then provide these analytics to builders and contractors via a monthly subscription service that lasts for the entirety of the job.
The most important thing this system does is give real-time alerts to site managers – for example rising temperatures or humidity in one part of the site. Alex Schwarzkopf, co-founder of Pillar Technologies, explained that by getting this information quickly to contractors they can mitigate or prevent damages before it occurs. For example, a construction company could be alerted by the humidity sensor and catch water damage before it spreads to the rest of the building.
he second thing they can provide is an analysis of data over time, so contractors can learn about how their job sites fared over the entire lifecycle of the job. For example, were there certain days that exposed our workers to a high level of dust? And if so, when did this happen so we can prevent it in the future?
Data like this is also important for compliance. Schwarzkopf explained that when construction defect claims arise down the line, builders (and building owners) often don't have any data points to back up their assertions. By collecting a record of all conditions over a building's entire lifecycle will provide these parties data to reference, potentially saving either party millions of dollars in defect claims.
Pillar Technologies is currently focused on selling their service directly to contractors and construction companies – but eventually sees itself working with insurance companies as channel partners. Essentially they think that insurance companies may one day be willing to offer a price break in site insurance to builders who use Pillar's solution, since it will reduce the risk of site damage.
The startup will charge by square foot – both in the form of an initial set up fee to deploy the sensors then a monthly fee to supply the analytics until the job is done – at which point Pillar will remove the sensors.
While they aren't disclosing price, the company is adamant that it will be extremely affordable for construction sites. The company has worked with 4 pilot sites last year, and hopes to do 8-10 more in the coming year.
To see the original story on TechCrunch, visit http://url.ie/11ni2.
Today's top stories
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.constructionequipmentguide.com/pillar-technologies-is-making-construction-sites-safer-with-smart-sensors/32108
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| 0.946683
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SIMPLY MUSIC Technique!
The Simply Music method focuses on the sheer joy of making music.
This innovative piano program will have you playing a huge variety of contemporary, classical, jazz, and blues pieces—immediately—from your very first lessons, before you learn to read music.
While temporarily delaying the reading process,
students are able to quickly play a huge variety of music,
as well as develop skills in accompaniment, composing,
and improvising. In the same way that we all learn to speak years before we learn
to read and spell, this temporary delay in music reading allows the student
to be immersed in the experience of immediately playing music.
After building a solid foundation of 30 to 40 beautiful pieces, students move quite naturally into learning to read music.
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<urn:uuid:0a0fd05a-8868-4793-91d2-e1db4f8b5c9b>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.monarchmusic.org/copy-of-monarch-music
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| 0.936026
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- Buddhist Solutions for the Twenty-First Century
- P. A. Payutto
- translated and compiled by Bruce Evans
The current year of 1986[*] has been
designated the International Year of Peace, but looking at the state of the world today we
may wonder if the present time is entitled to that cheerful and honorable appellation. I
think we should rather call it "The International Year in Need of Peace."
Obviously, we are now living in a time when the world is badly in need of peace. It is not
peace that prevails in the world, but its antithesis, war and violence.
People are too familiar with reports of racial conflict, terrorism,
ideological persecution and the threat of nuclear destruction. In addition to these more
lethal operations, so many conditions pointing to a state of social disorder and
degeneration predominate, such as domestic crime, drug addiction, environmental pollution,
the energy crisis, unemployment, mental disorders, suicide and violence. Seemingly, people
are turning all their efforts into making the earth an unsafe place to live. Peace and
happiness seem to be moving further and further away.
The official symbol or logo of the International Year of Peace
portrays a dove above two hands, enclosed by an olive branch. To stray a little from the
traditional symbolism, the dove represents peace and the olive branch prosperity, while
the two hands stand for the whole of mankind. The dove looks like it is flying out of the
enclosure of the olive branch, away from the two hands, which are trying to hold it back.
In an arbitrary interpretation to suit the current situation, peace has slipped out of the
hands of mankind who, even in the midst of wealth and affluence, can find no way of
getting it back.
It has been the hope and dream of humanity that, with scientific and
technological advances, we will be in possession of all that we want and in control of
everything with which we come into contact, and so live happily. Truly, we have succeeded
to a considerable extent in scientific and technological endeavors. We seem to be equipped
with all that we need to make ourselves and our society happy and peaceful.
However, on the contrary, problems have so increased that we cannot
find peace and society is in turmoil. While the life span of human beings has been
lengthened through medical advances, more and more people, especially the youth, find
their lives in society so unsatisfactory that they seek to shorten them through suicide.
These people turn their hate and dissatisfaction onto themselves, while many others turn
it outwardly to create conflict with their neighbors and trouble in society. Moreover, our
efforts to conquer nature have polluted the natural environment, with adverse effects on
health and well-being. Nature is not on good terms with humanity. Finding no peace with
nature, our hopes for happiness are all the more frustrated.
All in all, humanity fails to realize peace and happiness; our dream
does not come true. The Year of Peace turns out to be not the year in which peace
prevails, but the year in which peace is badly needed. The road to peace turns out to be
the road out of peace, and the path to happiness becomes the path away from it. Peace and
happiness are on the wane, while troubles and miseries grow.
Here, the question is very simple: Why has this been so? And to this, the answer is
also simple: Because the individual human being has not been developed. Truly, we have
developed all kinds of things in the name of civilization, including science and
technology, but we have paid too little attention to the development of ourselves. We
think of ourselves as enjoyers of developments, not as objects of development. Our
problems are much the same now as they were before, this year as three or ten thousand
years ago, and our motives for action are of the same nature, even though they may take
Legends and history tell us of kings, princes and warriors of yore
who waged wars with one another to win the hands of beautiful princesses. Others invaded
their neighbors and pillaged the towns and cities of the defeated. Today, conflicts grow
between industrial powers, and we witness the trade warriors battling for resources and
markets. Kings of olden times marched their troops into war, expanding their empires in
order to be hailed the greatest emperors or the most powerful conquerors. In ancient
times, fanatical rulers persecuted people of other faiths and went into religious or holy
wars. Modern nations sponsor wars in different parts of the world in order to spread their
political and economic "isms," or to maintain their influence and privileges.
Primitive peoples fought one another with sticks and stones, feudal
warriors fought with swords and bows, and modern soldiers fight with grenades and
missiles. With rapid and extensive means of communication and with the equipment and
weapons provided by scientific and technological advances, modern problems appear in a
vast variety of manifestations, affecting mankind on a wider scale and in greater severity
than ever before.
In spite of all the ostensible differences, the motives behind these
actions are the same. All forms of war, conflict, rivalry and quarrel, whether between
individuals, groups or nations, whether current or in the distant past, can be traced to
the same three categories of self-centered motives or tendencies, which are:
1. Selfish desire for pleasures and possessions (tanha);
2. Egotistical lust for dominance and power (mana);
3. Clinging to view, faith or ideology (ditthi).
If not refined, wisely channeled or replaced by wholesome mental
qualities, these three self-centered tendencies grow in people's minds, making their
behavior a danger to society.
Firstly, the selfish desire for pleasures and acquisitions
leads to attachment to wealth and greed for possessions. Its influence in causing crime,
exploitation, corruption and conflict is too obvious to warrant description. This also
explains why, while the wealth-creating possibilities of new technology now seem
boundless, the gap between the rich and the poor widens, and the polarization of wealth
and poverty becomes stronger and sharper.
New agricultural technologies have made food for all a perfectly
realizable objective, yet starvation is widespread and hundreds of thousands of human
beings starve to death. Advanced technology and new economic strategies are used to serve
the profit-making of the industrialized countries, so that developing countries only help
to strengthen the economies of the developed ones. The profit-maximizing approach of the
current economic system and the consumer culture serve only to divert world savings away
from developing countries and make the developed countries richer. Modern modes of
production lead to the benefits of capital accumulation; while costs are borne by all,
benefits accrue to few, the rich becoming richer and the poor poorer. The number of what
the World Bank calls the "absolute poor" is around 800 million. In spite of
numerous foreign aid programs and advances in production technology, the world faces
economic crisis, and the unequal distribution of wealth prevails. Moreover, craving for
sensual enjoyment and sensual indulgence lead to the squanderous consumption of natural
resources and the pollution of the environment, resulting in the depletion of resources,
health problems and aggravation of poverty. With hunger and mass misery prevailing, the
risk of war increases and world peace is unrealizable.
Secondly, with craving for dominance and lust for power,
individuals, parties and nations vie with one another for supremacy. Even in the absence
of an open conflict, they live in fear, distrust and anxiety. At national and
international levels, this is detrimental to mutual security and development. Political
leaders resort to arms as props for political power. Developed countries lend aid to
developing countries with ulterior motives, such as the creation of permanent dependence.
At the same time, many people in developing countries are careless or dishonest in the
handling of aid and loans. Foreign aid programs are surrounded by a climate of disillusion
At the global level, the world has for many decades been dominated
by the hostile relations of the superpowers and the arms race. World military expenditure
is well over $1.5 million every minute of every day. A UNDP administrator in his statement
to the UN General Assembly Second Special Disarmament Session in 1982 said:
"All the technical cooperation UNDP has been charged
to provide to developing countries over the next five years will cost less than the sum
that will be consumed in world armaments expenditures in the next four days."[**]
The late Lord Philip Noel-Baker, at a conference in London in
January 1977, said to the effect that for an expenditure of $500 million, about the cost
of an aircraft carrier, the WHO could eliminate malaria, trachoma, leprosy and yaws --
four diseases that impose a heavy load of economic loss and human suffering on the Third
This shows how human, material and financial resources have been
used far more for negative and destructive purposes than for positive and constructive
ones. The arms race is worsening the economic crisis and making the world over-armed and
undernourished. It is a threat to world security and human survival, both militarily and
economically. Militarily, the military forces and arsenals of the superpowers have grown
far beyond their defensive requirements, to the capability of eradicating all life from
the earth many times over. Economically, as the arms race and social development compete
for the same resources, escalating worldwide military expenditures have a negative
effect on economic growth and development and human welfare in general. The nuclear
arsenals kill millions of human beings even without being used, because they eat up the
resources without which people starve to death. With or without wars, human society cannot
fare happily or in peace.
Thirdly, last in order but not least in controlling power, is clinging
to view, theory, faith or ideology. People have clashed on account of differences in
faith and beliefs since ancient times. Some waged wars with their neighbors out of
religious fanaticism, even marching their armies to faraway lands to enforce their faiths
onto other peoples and make conquests in the name of their Supreme Being. While conflicts
between religious groups and factions still continue today, modern people add the wars and
conflicts of economic systems and political ideologies. Nations have divided into
competing ideological blocs. Religious and ideological persecution and wars between
religious groups and factions with different ideas for the best way to achieve happiness
for all, can be found in many parts of the world. Predictably, not finding any peaceful
means of ideological propagation and coexistence, what will prevail is not the world peace
and happiness that those faiths and ideologies prescribe, but human suffering and death.
On the present-day global scene of war and conflict, it is not
specifically any one of these three motives that drives people to the battlefield, but
rather all three of them combined, and their combination only makes the situation more
serious, the problem more complicated and the solution more difficult.
For example, two major powers may be backing the warring parties in
a small country, one on each side, by providing them with supplies of weapons,
simultaneously making profit through arms sales and keeping the smaller countries in a
state of dependency through debt. Employers want to pay the least and get the most profit,
while employees want to work the least and be paid the highest wages. With each party
wanting the upper hand, conflict is inevitable. To strengthen their claims, they turn to
economic ideologies for support. A conflict of gains becomes also a conflict of
ideologies, and sympathizers take sides. The conflict grows in all possible ways, at the
expense of any hope for peace.
How can we stop wars and conflicts? How can we be sure that peace will prevail and
endure? Some might say that love and cooperation must be established in place of
competition and conflict, but this seems impractical. We have to further ask: How can we
turn hostility and conflict into love and cooperation? So long as people are overcome by
any of the three self-centered tendencies, true love and cooperation are impossible. If we
act on any of them, we cannot be on good terms with one another. We will only hurt others
and cause anger and resentment. With our own desire countered, challenged or defied, we
fall prey to anger and hatred, and they lead only to hostility and conflict, not love,
cooperation or peace.
When two sides are in conflict, one or the other must first act for
peace. But that would mean losing, and each side would feel it is forced to struggle for
victory. The real solution must be made before the conflict starts. More specifically,
there must be a fundamental change in our behavior, so that we will no more engage in
conflict. To get to a real, practical solution, we must turn to the answer to a more
Enabled by science and technology to increase
both the capability to solve most problems and the capacity to destroy everything, why do
human beings tend to choose the latter? Why has the abundance of human talent and material
resources been devoted to such negative and destructive purposes as militarization,
instead of being positively utilized in developing a stable and lasting peace? The answer
is simple: because we have been so engrossed in the development of things outside that we
have neglected the task of developing ourselves, leaving ourselves almost unchanged,
following the impulses of instinct rather than the guidance of wisdom. Professor Albert
Einstein acknowledged this when he said that the atomic bomb has changed everything except
the mind and the thinking of man.[***]
Science and technology serve to advance the frontiers of human
knowledge and potential, for better or for worse. They provide us with free and full scope
to exercise our will on the material world. If our actions tend toward peace and
happiness, everything on earth is on our side to achieve it. If we turn towards war and
misery, we can exterminate ourselves in a matter of seconds. Which direction we will take
is the question of human development. If we develop ourselves properly, we will be able to
steer technology and all other vehicles of civilization towards the goal of peace and
Unfortunately, the development of our inner core, the mind, and the
formation of character and spiritual values, has not kept pace with the rapid progress of
technology. Though we have developed technical capabilities to a very high degree, we have
still not developed the qualities needed to live and deal with our own selves, with others
and with our natural and technological environment.
The undeveloped or underdeveloped condition of humanity, of our mind
and character, and of our liberating wisdom, is discernible in many ways:
Firstly, we behave unintelligently in relation to happiness. We look
at happiness as something we are in search of, that is, something unattained, not already
in hand. In other words, we ourselves are here and now not happy and we are looking for
something to make ourselves happy. With this attitude, we mistreat happiness both in time
and in space. In time, happiness is a state we hope to realize some time in the future,
something in prospect. In space, happiness is a state to be attained through external
objects. Either way, we cannot find true happiness. Unhappy people must forever run after
happiness, and their happiness must depend on things outside of their control. Many people
even sacrifice their already existing happiness, essentially the inner peace and happiness
of the mind, to chase after a promise of happiness, like a dog that drops a piece of meat
in its mouth in the hope of catching its reflection in a pond. If we succeed, we get a
superficial happiness, at the cost of the profound one. If we do not, our loss is twofold
and anguish is our lot.
In the contest for pleasure objects, unhappy people inevitably
create conflict. One person's gain is another's loss. Moreover, this restless search for
happiness goes on at the expense of inner happiness and peace of mind. Thus, in the
process of forever running after pleasure, peace and happiness are not to be found either
within or without. This also shows how irrational people can be. We people in the modern
age may have scientific attitudes towards the outer universe, but regarding ourselves, our
life and mind, our approaches are not scientific at all. The way we treat our lives and
deal with peace and happiness is scientifically irrational.
We must find happiness in the right and proper way, here and now,
not in a promise of pleasures from outside. For the happy person, incidental pleasures
enhance happiness, but for the unhappy person, they can give only extraneous and fleeting
satisfaction, bringing anxiety and tension with their coming and regret and sorrow in
their wake. Just as the beauty wrought by cosmetics and decoration is not real beauty,
even so the happiness of external pleasures is not real happiness. And just as cosmetics
and decoration can enhance real beauty, so can incidental pleasures enhance real
happiness. It is the lack of real happiness which leads to trouble and conflict in
society. Over and above all else, the development of a happy individual is the
prerequisite for peace, and the development of the individual is the central question of
Secondly, unhappy people, in their efforts to find things to make
themselves happy, resort to unskillful methods for obtaining them. They seek enjoyment at
the expense of others: as a man who seeks pleasure by going fishing with rod and line
enjoys himself by causing suffering to the fish, so people tend to seek happiness by
hurting others, either directly or indirectly. Most people do not care what will happen to
other lives or the natural world as a result of their selfish actions. The result of this
is violations of human rights, injustice, poverty and environmental pollution.
In such an unfriendly and depressed atmosphere, people cannot enjoy
real peace and happiness. As the Buddha said: Whoever seeks happiness by inflicting
suffering on others is embroiled in hostility and bound to enmity. [Dh. 291] In fact, it
is the one who hurts who will first be hurt, rather than those he wants to cause loss and
trouble to. In the words of the Buddha: A man spoils himself first before he hurts others.
[A. III, 373] Some people even seek to enjoy themselves at the expense of their own lives.
Drug addicts and alcoholics are like this: all the pleasure-seeking activities of these
unhappy people are obstacles to peaceful living. They are the behavior of an undeveloped
or underdeveloped person.
People who are developed, in contrast, are happy within themselves
and seek enjoyment through means which bring happiness to both themselves and others. In
other words, they are characterized by their inherent happiness and the ways by which they
enjoy themselves, in which they diffuse happiness to people throughout society.
To put it another way, we share with others what we have, both
consciously and unconsciously. If we have happiness, we share happiness; if we have
unhappiness, we share that. The unhappy person, in particular, is weighed down with his
suffering and tries to relieve himself of it by throwing it off onto the people around
him. Thus, the undeveloped, unhappy person will render a peaceful society impossible.
Again, so many people in this technological age, having succeeded in
obtaining material gains and sensual pleasures, in no long time become bored and
discontented. They find that these gains and pleasures do not give them real happiness.
Tired of the ceaseless quest for happiness, surrounded by the ever-increasing problems
rampant in society and around the world, and finding no better means of realizing
happiness, they become bored, frustrated, anxious and confused. They live unhappily,
without peace of mind. This condition is growing to be characteristic of present-day
In sum, our failure to secure peace and happiness lies in that,
being unhappy and not training ourselves to be happy, we struggle in vain to realize peace
and happiness by setting out in these two wrong ways:
By seeking to make ourselves happy with pleasures from outside, and
in so doing covering up, or plastering over, our unhappiness with extraneous pleasures. As
the inner person has not been changed, the process of covering or plastering has to run on
endlessly. And because unhappiness is there deep inside, it will never vanish, despite any
amount of plaster or cover up. And as this process of unrestrained pursuit of
ever-increasing pleasures has to go on in competition with other people, it results in
resentment, conflict and the loss of peace and happiness in society.
Alternatively, with our inherent unhappiness, we seek to make
ourselves happy by throwing it off onto others. Other people then react and retaliate in
kind, and so instead of finding happiness we only spread unhappiness far and wide.
Thus, the process of searching for happiness becomes the process of
driving peace away. In other words, desiring one thing, we create the conditions for
another: desiring happiness, we create the cause for suffering; desiring peace, we create
the conditions for hatred and conflict.
Freedom as the guarantee of
peace and happiness
In Buddhism, peace (santi) and happiness (sukha) are synonymous: an
unhappy person cannot find peace, and there can be no peace without happiness. In the
Buddha's words: "There is no higher happiness than peace." [Dh. 202] However,
Buddhism prescribes freedom as another synonym for peace and happiness. Only the free
person can be possessed of peace and happiness. Endowed with freedom, people can live
happy and peaceful lives. There are roughly four levels of freedom, the achievement of
which is indispensable for the realization of peace and happiness. They are:
1. Physical freedom, or freedom in relation to the physical
environment. This includes freedom from lack of the basic needs of life -- food, clothing,
shelter and health-care; safety from life-threatening calamities and unfavorable natural
conditions; and the detached and wise use of natural resources and technology so that we
can derive benefit from them without being enslaved by them.
2. Social freedom, or freedom in relation to other people, the
community or social environment. This is represented by freedom from persecution,
exploitation, crime and injustice, violations of human rights, violence, terrorism, and
war; it is the non-violation of the Five Precepts, or, in more positive terms, a
harmonious relationship with neighbors, social well-being, and such values as equality,
liberty, fraternity, discipline, respect for law, tolerance and cooperation.
3. Emotional freedom, or freedom of the heart. Ideally, this refers
to the state of freedom from all traces of mental defilements and suffering, the state of
mind that is unshaken by worldly vicissitudes -- purified, sorrow-free, secure, and
profoundly happy and peaceful -- which is called Nibbana. Emotional freedom
includes the absence of all kinds of mental illness and negative mental states, or, in
positive terms, the presence of such beneficial mental qualities as love, compassion,
mindfulness and concentration. It is perfect mental health, consisting of mental clarity
and purity, peacefulness and happiness.
4. Intellectual freedom, or freedom of and through knowledge and
wisdom. Included in this class of freedom are unbiased learning; freedom of thought and
judgment and the exercise of knowledge and wisdom that are free of prejudices or
self-interest; and the knowledge of all things as they really are, or insight into the
true nature of all things, together with the emotional freedom which is its corollary and
the life-view and world-view that are based on that knowledge.
These four levels of freedom can be reclassified as three by putting
the third and the fourth levels together as one and the same level, called
"spiritual" or "individual" freedom.
The four (or three) levels of freedom are interrelated and
interdependent. Without a minimal amount of physical freedom, the road to the other three
levels of freedom is blocked. Without intellectual and emotional freedom, the wise use of
resources, which is physical freedom, is rendered impossible. Lacking the freedom of
knowledge and wisdom, the heart cannot be free. In the absence of the freedom of the
heart, social freedom is only a dream.
With this fourfold freedom, real peace and real happiness, both
within the mind of the individual and externally in society, are secured.
With physical freedom, we are relatively free from the oppression of
natural forces, and at the same time we do not exploit nature. Rather we make wise and
unselfish use of natural resources to achieve mutual well-being for both man and nature.
So we live at peace with nature. Equipped with all the facilities provided by science and
technology as our servants, rather than our masters, we can be said to have fulfilled the
physical aspect of the good or ideal life. With this physical freedom as a foundation, we
are in a good position to realize the other three aspects of freedom.
Proper assessment of science
With such obvious advances in science and technology, physical freedom should have been
achieved by now. However, on the contrary, it turns out that despite all scientific and
technological achievements, the problem of human suffering, even at the physical level, is
on the increase. This seems to be the dilemma of human progress. A solution lies partly in
our disenchantment with the wish-granting power of science and technology, and partly in
the readjustment of our relationship with them.
So far, humanity seems to have put too much trust in science and
technology, as if they were the sole designers of our ideal life, and we have become
increasingly dependent on them to the neglect of individual development. We do not realize
that the fulfillment of a good life depends on us, the creators and masters of science and
technology. We ourselves need to be so developed that we can master their use for our own
freedom and well-being -- otherwise, we may be destroyed by what we have created.
We have been so much enchanted by scientific and technological
progress that we have been deluded into believing that we have conquered nature, and that
with this conquest of nature, all problems will be solved and heaven will be established
on earth. But the nature that we think we have conquered, the external material world, is
not the whole picture. The other half of reality, our human nature, is within us. In the
struggle to conquer the material world of nature, we often neglect our responsibility to
master our inner nature and tend to lose control over it. This inner nature has grown
stronger and stronger and has largely taken control.
Thus, while congratulating ourselves for the conquest of nature, we
have unwittingly been conquered by the nature inside us and obediently come under its
control. It is this unconquered controlling nature within us that has frustrated all our
hopes of turning the earth into paradise. It is this nature that keeps our inner selves
unhappy under the plaster of superficial pleasure, and causes the unhappy person to
diffuse unhappiness, and the unpeaceful person to diffuse violence and conflict in
society. It is this uncontrolled inner nature which has caused us to become slaves of
technology rather than its masters, and to derive more harm form technology than benefit.
It is also the reason so many efficient measures to solve the problems of mankind do not
By way of illustration, while scientific and technological advances
have brought more than adequate abundance of consumer goods to satisfy the basic needs of
people all over the world, requiring only proper distribution to achieve mutual
well-being, it is not distribution that is carried out but appropriation, and more poverty
and conflict are created rather than peace and well-being. Similarly, factions and nations
continue to fight, notwithstanding the solution to their differences seeming very simple.
Modern people pride themselves on their scientific attitudes.
Unfortunately, our attitude to science and technology is less scientific than it should
be. We do not know science and technology as they really are and thus cannot deal with
them in a scientific way. This implies that our knowledge of nature is still inadequate to
maintain a right and proper relationship with it.
In order to understand how to realize freedom, we need to understand
the true nature, the capabilities and limitations, of science and technology. Scientific
knowledge is limited to the data received through the sense organs. Its domain is the
material world, its knowledge of which is really enormous. However, science knows little
about the human individual. When people are depressed and frustrated and their minds are
filled with fear, unrest and anxiety, science and technology can be of little help. Crime,
violence and immorality still abound, even in the countries which are most advanced in
science and technology. Despite all the advances in science and technology, the inner
person is left basically unchanged. Modern problems remain the same in nature as those
afflicting our ancestors, differing only in their wider variety and greater magnitude.
In spite of their unprecedented advances, science and technology
bring to the undeveloped person only heightened feelings of dependence and insufficiency,
and, with their destructive potential, insecurity and anxiety. Science and technology have
rendered great help to mankind in the conquest of nature (on the material level) but they
cannot provide moral guidance and control of our minds. We may be able to conquer the
world but we cannot conquer ourselves. The individual, the mind, our inner nature and our
development, along with our real peace and happiness, are beyond the domain of science and
technology. They are not their province but the domain of the Dhamma, or religion in a
special sense of the term.
Accordingly, we have here two complementary fields of striving for
freedom and perfection, the inner and the outer. Preoccupation with the outer to the
neglect of the inner leads only to partial success, or even to total failure. Success in
achieving freedom, peace and happiness lies in the proper recognition and understanding of
the nature, value, capacity and limitations of each of these two domains as they really
are, and in our attitudes and actions in conformity with such understanding.
The loss of the way to
The process by which freedom (and peace and happiness) is achieved is called
development (bhavana), and in Buddhism human development is synonymous with
education (sikkha). Just as freedom is of four levels, development or education
is fourfold: physical development, leading to physical freedom; social development,
leading to social freedom; emotional development, leading to emotional freedom; and
intellectual development, leading to intellectual freedom.
As for physical freedom and physical development, a considerable
contribution must be credited to science and technology, whose immense achievements must
not be underestimated. Scientific and technological development has provided such material
abundance that goods and facilities are more than enough for all people. Science and
technology have brought physical freedom within easy reach. It is up to us whether we will
utilize them to contribute to our happiness or to our woe. In other words, people of today
are equipped with almost unbounded technological potential, to be used either for positive
purposes, allowing all people to live in comfort, or for negative purposes, putting
mankind to wholesale destruction. Here end the function and responsibility of science and
Nature may be increasingly plundered in the interests of
accumulating wealth, thereby widening the gap between the rich and the poor; greater and
greater amounts of money may be spent on arms production, indirectly rendering food,
education and health care inaccessible to large numbers of people; more and more people
may die in armed conflicts between religious, racial and ideological factions; natural
resources may be selfishly exploited and lavishly consumed, depleting resources and
causing environmental pollution -- but science and technology are not to blame for these
problems. The fault lies with humanity itself. We fail to make wise and proper use of
science and technology and seek their services for the maximization of the three
self-centered impulses: selfish desire for pleasures and material possessions, ambition
for dominance and power, and rigid attachment to views and ideologies. How can we find
fault with scientific and technological developments when they are merely products of
It is at this point that the contribution of true religion, or Dhamma, is needed.
Development of the human individual must be carried out so that we can make wise and
proper use of science, technology, human and natural resources to realize a good life and
harmonious society for all mankind.
Right education or right development is the long-term and sole
solution to the problems of humanity. It entails a fundamental change in the pattern
of human thinking and behavior. Any proposed solutions other than this are superficial and
impractical. Stopgap solutions may seem easy, but they are plagued by uncertainty and lead
only to an impasse. Words may sound beautiful, but they are lacking in practicality. For
example, in a military conflict, we may say that if one party stops, problems will be
solved, but in practice, the contestants can never agree on who is to be the first to
stop. Naturally finding no agreement, each side claims that it is forced to take action
and the conflict merely escalates. This is the usual pattern of thought and behavior of
the undeveloped human being, and it needs to be changed if any solution is to be realized.
The undeveloped human being thinks unsystematically, usually under
the influence of fleeting motives or inherent tendencies. With the arrival of science and
technology, we are taught to think systematically. In terms of science, we think: What is
it? This may be followed by a thought in terms of technology: What is its use? What use
can we make of it? Here ends the thought in terms of science and technology. Beyond this
point, people again think at random or habitually, influenced by selfish motives or
Thus, scientific and technological thinking do not bring about any
fundamental change in our pattern of thought and behavior, and they contribute little to
personal development. Moreover, such thinking is rife with loopholes through which inbred
motives and tendencies can influence us. Scientific and technological thought is at the
service of habitual and arbitrary thinking and is used to expand their dimension and
magnitude. The motives or tendencies to be served are usually the three self-centered ones
Following the first phase of scientific thinking, "What, how
and why is it?" and the second phase of technological thinking, "How can it be
used?" modern thinking continues with: "How can I make use of it to gain profit
or enjoyment? How can I use it to dominate my neighbors? How can I use it to win people
over to my faith or ideology?" The human thinking process can thus be shown in three
phases: in terms of science, of technology and of exploitation. The first two pave way for
the third. Certainly, it is the third phase that will direct and control subsequent
actions. With selfishness pervading the whole process, any hope for peace is surely
Human development as the
prerequisite for peace
The service of religion, or the Dhamma, is indispensable here. Systematic thinking,
free of harmful motives and self-centered tendencies, must follow the first and second
phases of scientific and technological thinking, as the third decisive phase. People have
to be trained to think in terms of ethical or moral values such as: "How can this be
used to enhance the quality of life or to promote the mutual well-being of mankind?"
If moral thought becomes the third phase of the thinking process, moral behavior and
actions will follow, completing a whole process and leaving no loopholes for unwholesome
tendencies. Now the thinking process consists of these three phases: scientific,
technological, and ethical. Science, technology and the Dhamma or religion are
harmoniously integrated, each finding its proper and complementary role. A fundamental
change in the pattern of thought and behavior has been achieved.
However, the thinking process need not necessarily consist of all
three of these phases. The scientific and technological phases exemplify neutral phases in
general and can be dropped or replaced by some other neutral phase. Only the Dhamma or
ethical phase is necessary. The human mind naturally contains both moral and immoral
tendencies. If moral ones are not to the fore, immoral ones will be. (However, with true
knowledge or insight, which usually requires a great deal of mental training, it is
possible to have a pure process of thought, beyond both moral and immoral qualities.)
Today, how to think (clear thinking) is an emphasis in education. We
need to be taught how to think clearly. Many people, however, consider clear thinking only
in terms of scientific or intellectual terms. Their "clear thinking" is too
shortsighted to realize the aim of education, which is to develop the individual human
being so that problems will be solved in the right way and a good life will be attained.
With moral awareness included in the process, clear thinking is complete. Moral awareness
reveals the relationship between the natural order and human well-being. In such a
balanced thinking process, intellectual thought and moral thought are integrated,
producing thought that is rational, sound and wholesome. Then clear thinking means
thinking which is in accordance with truth, imbued with reason, and favorable to a good
life. When this kind of right thought arises, true religion is there.
This right process of thinking is the connection through which
mental or emotional development can induce and occasion physical and social development,
and through which mental or emotional freedom can contribute to the achievement of
physical and social freedom.
Deeper into the sphere of mental or emotional development is the
readjustment or purification of the contents of the mind itself. This aims at liberation
of the mind from the influence or controlling power of unwholesome motives and impulses
through the removal of the three self-centered tendencies -- selfish desire, selfish
ambition and intolerance. In place of these three unwholesome qualities, their three
opposite ethical values will arise, viz:
1. Wise association with pleasures of the senses and material possessions and a resolve
to make use of wealth for the realization of common well-being.
2. Respect for, and appreciation of, the value of life, the ways of other people, and
3. Detached search for truth, with an attitude of tolerance and good will to those who
have different views.
Usually, the three self-centered tendencies are not immediately
given up by generating the three counter-values, and the latter are not directly brought
about to replace the former. The destruction of the former and the growth of the latter
are, as a rule, the corollaries of the development of such virtues as loving-kindness,
compassion, sympathetic joy and equanimity, and the practice of such ethical principles as
generosity, kindly speech, service, and participation.
The development of the heart requires development of wisdom, as real
freedom of heart can only be realized through freedom of knowledge or wisdom. Accordingly,
the total eradication of the three self-centered tendencies can only be actualized when
there is Enlightenment, or the full understanding of life. When wisdom is lacking, or
still in the early stages of its development, we have to depend on the three self-centered
tendencies for our self-preservation, at the risk of their harmful consequences. Once
wisdom or true knowledge has been developed, we can do away with them.
There are many practices that are helpful to the development of the
heart. Some bring about temporary freedom, others lead to absolute freedom, but what
distinguishes them is wisdom, true knowledge or insight. Any practice without wisdom can
achieve only temporary freedom. This is evident in the practice of meditation. Generally
speaking, there are two kinds of meditation: calming meditation and insight meditation.
Calming meditation with concentration as its essence leads to temporary freedom. Insight
meditation, in which knowledge of the true nature of things is the guiding principle, can
lead to absolute freedom. Wherever there is freedom, there are peace and happiness. Along
with temporary freedom come temporary peace and happiness; inseparable from absolute
freedom are perfect peace and happiness.
A really happy person has happiness inside. If he is provided with
pleasures, he enjoys happiness to the full. If he is deprived of pleasures, or if some
misfortune befalls him, he can still find happiness. The plaster of unhappiness does not
have any real effect on such a person.
Only the really happy person has real peace, and only the person who
has peace can be really happy. The person who has happiness radiates happiness, and the
person who has peace diffuses peace. People who have no peace of mind tend to destroy
peace -- in their family, among neighbors or wherever they happen to be. Those who are at
peace with themselves naturally and automatically live in peace with everyone. They are
happy and peaceful in the full sense of the terms. Their peace and happiness are true to
life; and it is this truly happy and peaceful person who is the fully developed and
educated human being. The development that creates this free, peaceful and happy person is
entitled to the term Peace Education.
In order to achieve freedom, peace and happiness, we need the
interrelated and interdependent service of the four spheres of development and the
interrelated and interdependent fulfillment of the four levels of freedom. In an
integrated process of development we need to deal wisely with the two principal domains
that affect our lives: the inner, personal world and the outer, physical world. Success in
the solution of problems, and the creation of peace, lies in the proper understanding and
recognition of the relationship between these two domains, and their limitations and
capabilities, and in action in accordance therewith.
Regarding the outer world, we have to appreciate the roles of
science and technology and social institutions in the development of freedom. When science
and technology are rightly used they can be complementary to the Dhamma, or religion, in
achieving physical freedom. Effective and efficient social, economic and political systems
and organizations are indispensable if social development is ever to effectuate social
However, it seems that today we already have such an abundance of
these physical and social tools of development that there is a danger of misusing them and
people, being unprepared for their wise and proper use, derive more trouble from them than
benefit. Now we should stop giving them priority. Although some among us should continue
with the job of improving and advancing science, technology and social, economic and
political systems, more attention should be paid to the comparatively long neglected task
of developing the human individual. This should be our top priority of today.
The development or education of the human being is a unique task. It
is a task of and for the specific life of each person. Unlike other fields of human
activity, where the wealth of experience of former generations can be handed down as a
cultural heritage to later generations and used by them to climb further up the ladder of
civilization, human development or education must begin anew in the span of each and every
life. Considering the fact that each of us is the creator, the main player and the
sufferer and enjoyer of all problems and their solutions, this task is of even greater
Peace and happiness of the individual are the foundation of peace
and happiness for the whole world. Education for the promotion of peace is therefore one
of our most important tasks. Education for human development is the prerequisite for
peace. If this right education has been fully and thoroughly carried out, the
international year in need of peace will surely become the International Year of Peace,
when peace, happiness and freedom prevail all over the world.
In practical terms, the first step is to make our own minds free,
happy and peaceful, and then share our peace and happiness among all other people with
whom we come into contact.
May all be happy and peaceful, and their mental, verbal and physical
actions be contributions to he creation of long years of peace to come. Peace be
unto you and all beings.
[*] From a lecture entitled "Buddhism and
Peace," delivered in Bangkok, 1986, at the International Conference on Higher
Education and the Promotion of Peace. [Back to text]
[**] Quoted in Inga Thorrson, "Disarmament and
Development," Third World Affairs1986 [London; The Eastern Press Ltd. for Third World
Foundation for Social and Economic Studies, 1986], p.368. [Back
[***] Quoted in Willy Brandt, "Peace and
Development" [Third World Lecture 1985], Third World Affairs 1986, p. 350. [Back to text]
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In glass industry, there are two normal ways to print patterns on glass, one is screen printing, the other is UV printing. Glass screen printing is made the patterns according to the customer’s drawings, printing through the squeegee, so that the ink through the mesh and comes to the glass. Screen printing net is mainly made with films that printed with graphics by computer and photosensitive glue. Pattern and text can be changed, ink must be used special ink for glass screen printing.
UV Printing, also known as inkjet printing. Graphics or patterns should be made by computer first, and then through the print nozzle to print out the needed patterns, the working principle is similar to the common inkjet printer.
The options on colors for screen printing are limited, because screen printing machines can only proceed one color at a time, if you need to print a variety of colors, you need to make several different nets for different colors. While UV printing can proceed different colors at one-time.
Screen printing can not make gradient colors, UV printing can print excellent bright, beautiful picture or pattern, gradient color can be printed too.
The adhesion of the color by screen printing is strong. During printing, the ink will emerge curing agent on glass surface, so that the ink better adsorption on the glass surface. The pattern on glass won’t fall off unless you use a tool to scratch it. Although UV printing will spray a layer of curing agent-like coating on the glass surface, but it will be easy to fall off, especially when the time is long, the printed pattern will fall off layer by layer.
Glass screen printing generally used in the screen printing home appliance glass, to ensure that the ink will not fall for a long time. UV printing is commonly used in some household glass decoration.
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On a recent sunny morning that masqueraded as spring, Michael Sclafani, 28, perched on a horse named Archie at HorseAbility's facility in Melville. Sclafani has autism and cannot speak, but he nevertheless communicated his pleasure with a wide smile as several volunteers and staff members slowly walked Archie around the ring.
HorseAbility, which provides horse therapy to children and adults with special needs, will soon get a boost of its own with an impending move to an equestrian facility on the campus of SUNY Old Westbury.
"It's a huge move -- it's exciting," said Katie McGowan, founder and executive director of HorseAbility.
The group begins operations at the college on April 1, where it will have 20 acres and space to house 43 horses -- expanding from its current two-acre space on the grounds of the Thomas School of Horsemanship.
"We've always been an educational facility with an education program, so this was a great match to be on the campus of a college," McGowan said.
With the move, McGowan said she hopes to expand her organization's programming as well, adding a day program for teens aging out of high school, among others.
Equestrian F. Ambrose Clark built an equestrian center on his Old Westbury estate in 1912, using it to breed champion thoroughbreds, said Calvin Butts, president of SUNY Old Westbury. Clark's estate was sold to the state and became the grounds for the college in 1971, but the equestrian center was used infrequently, such as for yearly polo matches by the Old Westbury College Foundation.
Butts said the college had entertained several proposals from different groups over the years for the property, but chose HorseAbility because of its educational focus.
"We like the idea that we're working with a group that is really serving an important need in our community," he said. "That's consistent with our mission."
In addition, the move allows HorseAbility to benefit from volunteers from the college -- Old Westbury students studying childhood development as well as freshmen needing to fulfill community-service duties, McGowan said.
As part of the lease agreement, McGowan's group will renovate the center's 27,000-square-foot barn, as well as add handicapped access points, parking and new riding rings.
She said the new location would be a longer drive, but she's going to try to keep him going to classes.
"It makes him feel good about himself," she said as her son balanced on the horse. "This is incredible that he's doing this."
ROOM TO GROW
- HorseAbility, which began in 1993, operates with 13 horses at its current Melville location.
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ZeissToSGI utility program converts from a Zeiss AxioVision TIFF file to one that can be read by the SoftWoRx software on SGI boxes. While Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) images are common, there can be many problems using TIFF files, especially created on a variety of scientific devices. Zeiss likely was providing a flexible framework to store quite large images and only read the part that was needed. SGI, on the other hand, was expecting to process an image that could be held in memory, and didn't care about reading such large images.
Other Windows Software of Developer «Earl F Glynn»:
FCSViewer The purpose of the FCSViewer program is to decompress a file with Zeiss Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) data (in either ConfoCor 2 or ConfoCor 3 formats) and display the two channels. In addition, time "calipers" can be used to select and enla
FCSExtract The purpose of the FCSExtract utility is to extract Flow Cytometry Standard (FCS) data from a binary FCS file and convert it to an ASCII text format, which can be read by a variety of software analysis packages. An example of working with this data in R i
PeakFinder PeakFinder finds cohesin binding sites represented by the peaks in yeast chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) microarray data, but can be applied to plot any measurement against a parameter such as genome coordinate, to interactively analyze the measuremen
TweenMotif TweenMotif is an interactive Windows program for visualizing the locations of a specified target motif within a set of sequences as well as the gaps between the repeating motifs. The program creates a summary table of the frequency counts of the gap sequen
Simplest Image Converter Simplest Image Converter is an image converter for your PC. It helps to convet your images without losing any quality. You can convert between BMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG, ICO or TIFF in PC. You can set the width as well as the height of the resulting images along
Colorism Colorism is a 2 in 1 application that includes two color tools which are color generator and color picker.
The Color Generator is a simple useful tool that enables you to make your own color by mixing the three main colors together.
The Color Picker is a
Contenta RAW Converter Simple and powerful tool to convert your RAWs. Rename and organize your photos in subfolders using EXIF/IPTC/XMP tags. Reads RAW files and saves them into jpg, jpeg2000, gif, png, tiff... Optimized for multi-core processors Speed up your conversions by usi
Free JPG to PNG Converter Free JPG to PNG Converter is another image converter desktop application published by Free Picture Solutions. It converts all your image files with the JPG extension to the popular PNG image format. As you may know the PNG is a popular image format so that
JPEGsnoop JPEGsnoop is a free, portable detailed image decoder that examines any file type containing JPEG compressed images and reports a wealth of hidden information. Can even be used to determine the source of an image or whether it has been edited. Opens .JPG, .
DiffImg Portable DiffImg is a simple image comparison tool which takes two images with the same size as input. Some statistics are computed and the positions where pixel differs are displayed as a color mask. It is used to check compression level comparison, raytracing par
Shanae Picture Dater An advanced imaging dating program that will superimpose the image date and any other image data such as file name, shutter speed, and aperature, Now you can get the data inside a digital image onto the print for easy visibility. Uses customizable template
AutoSplitter AutoSplitter photo scanning software will automatically recognize your photographs on the scanned image, will clip and deskew (de-rotate) them. Adjust clipping, rotations and orientation manually if you desire. This software remarkably simplifies the proc
Aostsoft Image to HTML OCR Converter Aostsoft Image to HTML OCR Converter is a converter which is designed to batch extract text from image such as JPG, JPEG, TIF, TIFF, BMP, GIF, PNG, PSD, EMF, WMF, DCX, PCX, JP2, and J2K and convert into editable HTML document. Aostsoft Image to HTML OCR Co
Picture Information Extractor Picture Information Extractor is a picture browser and viewer with exquisite photo metadata and file renaming features. It extracts EXIF, XMP and IPTC from JPG, TIF and RAW files and makes it available in a convenient and welcoming interface. It allows edi
Supported Operating Systems:
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Windows Me |
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Comments on ZeissToSGI:
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Windows Software - Free Windows Downloads, Apps, Games, Freeware, Skype, Media Player, Antivirus, Gimp, Live, Starter for Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8, 10
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Elections(redirected from Initiatives and Referendums)
The processes of voting to decide a public question or to select one person from a designated group to perform certain obligations in a government, corporation, or society.
Elections are commonly understood as the processes of voting for public office or public policy, but they also are used to choose leaders and to settle policy questions in private organizations, such as corporations, labor unions, and religious groups. They also take place within specific government bodies. For example, the U.S. House of Representatives and state legislatures elect their own leaders.
In elections, a candidate is a person who is selected by others as a contestant. A ballot is anything that a voter uses to express his or her choice, such as a paper and pen or a lever on a machine. A poll is the place where a voter casts his or her ballot.
For government policy and leadership, a general election is commonly understood as a process of voting that regularly occurs at specified intervals. For national elections, Congress has designated the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November as election day. A special election is held under special circumstances. For example, if an elected official dies or resigns from office during her or his term, a special election may be held before the next scheduled general election for the office.
The free election of government leaders is a relatively recent practice. Until the eighteenth century, leaders gained political power through insurrection and birthright. Political thought changed dramatically in eighteenth-century Europe, where industrial progress inspired the reconsideration of individual rights and government. The notion that government leaders should be chosen by the governed was an important product of that movement.
The United States held its first presidential election on February 4, 1789. In that election, George Washington was chosen U.S. president by a small, unanimous vote of electors. Since its infancy, the United States has held elections to decide who will assume public offices, such as the offices of the president and vice president, U.S. senators and representatives, and state and local legislators. Individual states have also held elections for a wide range of other government officials, such as judges, attorneys general, district attorneys, public school officials, and police chiefs.
Elections for public offices are governed by federal and state laws. Article I of the U.S. Constitution requires that a congressional election be held every two years and that senators be elected every six years. Article II provides that a president and a vice president shall be elected for a four-year term. In 1951, the states ratified Amendment 22, which provides that no person may serve as president more than twice.
For the federal oversight of national elections for public office, Congress created the Federal Election Commission (FEC) with 1974 amendments to the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C.A. §§ 431 et seq.). The FEC provides for the public financing of presidential elections. It also tracks and reveals the amounts and sources of money used by candidates for national office and their political action committees (PACs). The FEC enforces the limits on financial contributions to, and expenditures of, those candidates and committees. To receive FEC funding, PACs must register with the FEC.
States regulate many aspects of government elections, including eligibility requirements for candidates, eligibility requirements for voters, and the date on which state and local elections are held. U.S. citizens have the right to form and operate political parties, but the state legislature may regulate that right. For example, a candidate may not be placed on an election ballot unless he or she has registered with the state election board. Many states maintain stringent requirements for would-be candidates, such as sponsorship by a certain number of voters on a petition. A monetary deposit also might be required. Such a deposit may be forfeited if the candidate fails to garner a certain proportion of the vote in the election.
Some states have sought to place limitations on contributions received by individual political candidates. In Nixon v. Shrink Missouri Government PAC, 528 U.S. 327, 120 S. Ct. 897, 145 L. Ed. 2d 886 (2000), the U.S. Supreme Court upheld limitations that the state of Missouri had placed upon contributions to individual candidates for state office, against a challenge that the limitations violated the contributors' and candidates' First Amendment rights. (See also Election Campaign Financing).
No state may abridge voting guarantees of the U.S. Constitution. Under the Constitution's Twenty-Fourth Amendment, for example, no state may make the payment of a poll tax or other tax a requirement for voting privileges. Under the Fifteenth Amendment, states may not deny the right to vote based on "race, color, or previous condition of servitude." The Nineteenth Amendment prevents states from denying or abridging the right to vote based on sex.
In the early 1990s, 15 states passed legislation that limited the tenure of U.S. senators and representatives. In 1995, these "term-limit" measures were declared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court. In United States Term Limits v. Thornton, 514 U.S. 779, 115 S. Ct. 1842, 131 L. Ed. 2d 881 (1995), the state of Arkansas had amended its constitution to preclude persons who had served a certain number of terms in the U.S. Congress from placing their names in future U.S. Congress elections. Arkansas cited Article I, Section 4, Clause 1, of the U.S. Constitution for support. This clause allows that "[t]he Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof." Arkansas further argued that its amendment merely restricted ballot access and was not an outright disqualification of congressional incumbents.
The Supreme Court disagreed with Arkansas. In a 5–4 opinion, the Court rejected the constitutionality of any term-limits legislation. According to the majority, the only qualifications for U.S. congressional office were contained in two constitutional clauses. Article I, Section 2, Clause 2, of the U.S. Constitution provides that a representative shall be at least 25 years of age, a citizen of the United States for at least seven years, and a resident of the represented state at the time of the election. Article I, Section 3, Clause 3, states that a senator shall be at least 30 years of age, a citizen of the United States for at least nine years, and an inhabitant of the represented state when elected. These provisions, according to the Court, were designed to be the only qualifications for U.S. congressional office, and any additional qualifications are unconstitutional.
Although the Constitution prohibits term limits for the U.S. Congress, it does not prevent states from setting term limits for their own legislatures.
Administration of Government Elections
Voters register with a precinct, which is a local voting district. Registration must be accomplished in the manner prescribed by state statute. The polling place may be any structure authorized by the state to serve as such. All states allow Absentee Voting for persons who cannot be present in their precinct on election day. Voting is secret, whether by absentee ballot or at the polls.
Election officials are charged with the supervision of voting. In some states, voters indicate their preferences by pulling a lever in a voting machine; in other states, they use a paper and pen. At the end of the voting day, election officials count, or canvass, the results and report them to city or county officials or to the state board of elections. The complete results are filed with the Secretary of State or some other designated state-government official. The candidate with the most votes is then declared the winner of the election. This process is called a direct election because the winner is determined by a straight count of the popular vote.
The election of a president and vice president usually occurs by indirect election. That is, the winner is usually determined not by a popular vote but by an electoral vote. Each state has a certain number of electors, is equal to the total number of senators and representatives to which the state is entitled in Congress. In theory, an elector may vote for whomever he or she wants, but in practice, electors vote for the winner of the popular vote in their state.
Primaries and Conventions
A political party is entitled to nominate candidates for public office, subject to regulation by Congress and state legislatures. The nominating process is accomplished through a system of primaries, caucuses, and nominating conventions. The process varies from state to state, but generally, primaries and caucuses produce delegates who later cast votes at a nominating convention held several weeks or months before Election Day. Political parties hold nominating conventions at the local, state, and national levels to choose candidates for public office in the upcoming elections. A primary is a preliminary election held by a political party before the actual election, to determine its candidates. A primary may be open or closed. An open primary is one in which all registered voters may participate. The number of delegates a candidate receives is then based on the candidate's performance. In some states, the winner of the popular vote wins all the delegates available to the state at the nominating convention. In other states, candidates receive a portion of delegates based on their respective showings.
In a closed primary, only voters who have declared their allegiance to the party may vote. Closed primaries may be indirect or direct. In an indirect, closed primary, party voters only elect delegates who later vote for the party's candidates at a nominating convention. In a direct, closed primary, party voters actually decide who will be the party's candidates, and then choose delegates only to communicate that decision at the nominating convention.
In some states (e.g., Iowa), political parties use a caucus system, instead of a primary system, to determine which candidates to support. A caucus is a local meeting of registered party members. The manner in which delegates are chosen at these caucuses varies widely from state to state. In some states, each party member who attends the caucus is entitled to one vote for each office. The caucus then produces an allotment of delegates based on the popular vote in the caucus, and these delegates later represent the caucus in the county, legislative district, state, and national conventions. In other states, those who attend the caucus vote for delegates who pledge their support for certain candidates. These delegates then represent the caucus at the party's nominating conventions.
At a convention, delegates vote to determine who will emerge as the party's candidate. Usually, if no candidate wins a majority of the delegates on the first round, delegates are free to vote for a candidate other than the one whom they originally chose to support. More often than not, candidates have garnered sufficient delegates in the primaries and caucuses before the nominating convention to win the nomination. Where particular nominations are assured prior to the convention, the convention becomes a perfunctory celebration of the party policies, and an advertising vehicle for the nominated candidates.
Conflicts over nomination procedures often arise within a political party. In 1991, the Freedom Republicans, a group representing minority members of the Republican Party, launched an attack on the party's allocation of delegates among the states. Since 1916, the Republican Party had employed a bonus-delegate system as a method of determining delegate representation at its national convention for nominating presidential candidates. Under that system, each state received a number of delegates equal to three times its Electoral College vote. States that elected Republican presidents, senators, representatives, and governors then received an additional allotment of delegates. The bonus delegate system gave certain Republican-dominated states a greater say in choosing the party's presidential candidate.
According to the Freedom Republicans, the bonus-delegate system reduced the representation of minority interests within the party because minority members often came from Democrat-dominated states. The largely rural, Republican-dominated, western states contained small minority populations, so minorities were poorly represented in the Republican delegate system. The Freedom Republicans sued the FEC under title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964(42 U.S.C.A. § 2000d) in an attempt to stop FEC funding of the Republican National Convention.
The U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia ordered the FEC to create and enforce regulations governing the selection of delegates to the publicly funded national nominating conventions of political parties. On appeal by the FEC, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit vacated the order. The appeals court held that the connection between the FEC funding and the Republican delegate scheme was insufficient to hold the FEC accountable for the delegate scheme. According to the court, it was also unlikely that the Republican party would change its delegate scheme if funding were withheld (Freedom Republicans, Inc. v. Federal Election Comm'n, 13 F. 3d 412 [D.C. Cir. 1994]).
The First Amendment protects against a state's intrusion on the governance or structure of a political party. However, courts have held that states have the right to enact reasonable regulations of parties, elections, and campaign-related disorder. The U.S. Supreme Court in Timmons v. Twin Cities Area New Party, 520 U.S. 351, 117 S. Ct. 1364, 137 L. Ed. 2d 589 (1997) held that states may lawfully prohibit candidates from appearing on a ballot as the candidate of more than one political party.
In 1994, Minnesota State Representative Andy Dawkins ran unopposed for office. Two different political parties, the Democratic-Farmer-Labor party and New Party, wanted him to run on their ballots, which he agreed to do. Local election officials, citing so-called "anti-fusion" laws, refused to place Dawkins on the ballot under the "fused" parties. The New Party, a minor political party, brought suit, alleging that the anti-fusion law violated its First Amendment associational rights.
Although the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit agreed that the system was unconstitutional, the U.S. Supreme Court reversed, finding that the state of Minnesota had "important regulatory interests" in forbidding a candidate from appearing on the same ballot. The Court, per Chief Justice william rehnquist, noted that a party does not have the absolute right to have its nominee appear on the ballot as a candidate, and that the anti-fusion law did not impose a severe burden on the New Party. The Court also rejected the New Party's contention that this law interfered with the ability of a minor party to take part in the election process.
Initiatives and Referendums
The voting results on important questions of public policy are commonly known as referendums or propositions. These results decide whether a policy becomes law or whether a state constitution will be revised or amended. An initiative is the bringing about of legislative or constitutional changes through the filing of formal petitions. If an initiative is supported by a certain percentage of the population, it may be included on an election ballot for public approval. Referendums and initiatives allow for the development of legislation independent of formal legislative processes. Not all state constitutions provide for referendums and initiatives.
The U.S. Supreme Court, in Buckley v. American Constitutional Law Foundation, Inc., 525 U.S. 182, 119 S. Ct. 636, 142 L. Ed. 2d 599 (1999), considered the constitutionality of a series of controls on the petition process for placing initiatives on the ballot in the state of Colorado. The controls included requirements that the individuals who circulated petitions were registered voters and that those who circulated petitions wear badges indicating whether they were volunteers or paid employees (and, if they were paid employees, the names and telephone numbers of their employers). Although states may place certain limitations on these ballots and initiatives, the Court held that the particular limitations in Colorado violated the First Amendment associational rights of the petitioners.
A campaign is the time preceding an election that a candidate uses for promotion. Election campaigns for public offices in the United States have evolved into complex, expensive affairs. Candidates rely on a variety of support, from financial contributions to marketing and campaign specialists. Elections for national office require large sums of money for advertising and travel. Local elections also favor candidates who are well financed. Historically, the money needed for successful campaigns has come from major political parties, such as the Republican and Democratic parties.
The U.S. Congress and state legislatures prohibit a wide variety of conduct in connection with elections. It is criminal conduct, for example, for a candidate to promise an appointment to public office in return for campaign contributions (18 U.S.C.A. § 599). Numerous laws prohibit the coercion of voters, including the solicitation of votes in exchange for money, interference with voting rights by armed forces personnel and other government employees, and the intimidation of voters.
The enforcement of criminal laws can face the odd challenge on election day. In State v. Stewart, 869 S.W.2d 86 (Mo. App. 1993), Robbin Stewart was stopped for speeding as he returned from voting in a primary election. Stewart argued that the case against him should have been dismissed because article VIII, section 4, of the Missouri Constitution provided that voters should be "privileged from arrest while going to, attending and returning from elections, except in case of Treason, felony or breach of the peace."
The Missouri Court of Appeals for the Western District rejected Stewart's argument. The appeals court noted that in the past, the Missouri Committee on Suffrage and Elections had entertained the idea that the clause cited by Stewart should apply to primary elections as well as general elections, and that the committee had refused to adopt the expansion. In a footnote, the court advised that the U.S. Supreme Court had construed the phrase "treason, felony or breach of the peace" as including all criminal offenses (Williamson v. United States, 207 U.S. 425, 28 S. Ct. 163, 52 L. Ed. 278 ). Such a reading would seem to nullify the objective of Missouri's constitutional clause. Nevertheless, the existence of such an election-day privilege is a testament to the importance of free elections in the United States.
The 2000 presidential election was one of the most controversial in U.S. history, where george w. bush won the election by defeating former Vice President albert gore jr. in the electoral college despite the fact that Gore had won the popular vote. Although much of the attention of the country focused upon contested election returns in the state of Florida, the election also involved other controversies. In 2000, a resident of Illinois, James Baumgartner, opened a web site called Voteauction.com, which purported to allow voters to sell their absentee ballots over the Internet to the highest bidders. Although a court in Illinois quickly closed it down, the site reopened in several other states. State and federal law enforcement officials hounded Baumgartner, who finally sold the site to an Austrian, Hans Bernhard.
Baumgartner claimed that he had opened the site as a publicity stunt to raise awareness of Fraud in government. Bernhard, on the other hand, maintained that he operated the site for the purpose of making a profit. Several state and local agencies brought actions against him immediately, seeking to have the site shut down before the November 7, 2000 election. Moreover, Bernhard faced a Contempt charge for violating a court order in Illinois requiring him to shut the site down. Bernhard's Internet service provider eventually shut down the site before the election.
Amy, Douglas J. 2000. Behind the Ballot Box: a Citizen's Guide to Voting Systems. Westport, Conn.: Praeger.Norris. Pippa, ed. 1998. Elections and Voting Behavior: New Challenges, New Perspectives. Brookfield, Vt.: Ashgate, Dartmouth.
van Schagen, J.A. 2000. Electoral Systems and Representative Government. Nijmegen, Belgium: Stichting Ars Aequi.
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Kartik Mahina is the eighth month in a lunar calendar followed by Hindus in
North India. Kartik Mahina 2010 begins on October 24 and November 21. Karva Chauth and Diwali festival is observed in this month. This calendar is followed mainly in Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar and Chhattisgarh. Kartik Mahina is considered to be one of the holiest months in Hindu calendar and devotees take a holy bath in Ganga and other holy rivers known as Kartik Snan.
Kartik Month Krishna Paksha begins on October 24 and ends on November 6.
Kartik Month Shukla Paksha begins on November 7 and ends on November 21.
Other important festivals in the month are:
- Karva Chauth – October 26
- Ahoi Ashtami – October 30
- Dhanteras – November 3
- Diwali – November 5
- Lakshmi Puja – November 5
- Bhai Dhooj – November 7
It must be noted that Kartik month in calendars followed in Maharashtra,
Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka begins on November 7 and ends on December 5. Kartik, also known as Kartak, is the first month in Gujarati Calendar and the Gujarati New Year is celebrated on the first day of the month.
The greatness of the Kartik month is mentioned in the Uttar Khanda of Padma Puran. The month is considered holy because it is believed that Lord Vishnu took Matsya Avatar in this month to restore the Vedas. Taking bath (Snan) in holy rivers in this month is considered highly auspicious. The full moon day in Kartik month is observed as Dev Diwali in remembrance of Lord Shiva killing demon Tripura.
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1Rachel saw that she was not giving birth to children for Jacob. So she envied her sister Leah. Rachel said to Jacob, “Give me children, or I’ll die!”
2Jacob became angry with her. He said, “Can I do what only God can do? He is the one who has kept you from having children.”
3Then Rachel said, “Here is my slave girl Bilhah. Have physical relations with her so she can give birth to a child for me. Then I can have my own family through her.”
4So Rachel gave Bilhah, her slave girl, to Jacob as a wife. And he had physical relations with her. 5She became pregnant and gave Jacob a son. 6Rachel said, “God has declared me innocent. He has listened to my prayer and has given me a son.” So Rachel named this son Dan.# This name means “he has declared innocent.”
7Bilhah became pregnant again and gave Jacob a second son. 8Rachel said, “I have struggled hard with my sister. And I have won.” So she named that son Naphtali.# This name sounds like the Hebrew word for “my struggle.”
9Leah saw that she had stopped having children. So she gave her slave girl Zilpah to Jacob as a wife. 10Then Zilpah had a son. 11Leah said, “I am lucky.” So she named her son Gad.# This name may mean “lucky.” 12Zilpah gave birth to another son. 13Leah said, “I am very happy! Now women will call me happy.” So she named that son Asher.# This name may mean “happy.”
14During the wheat harvest Reuben went into the field and found some mandrake# A plant which was believed to cause a woman to become pregnant. plants. He brought them to his mother Leah. But Rachel said to Leah, “Please give me some of your son’s mandrakes.”
15Leah answered, “You have already taken away my husband. Now you are trying to take away my son’s mandrakes.”
But Rachel answered, “If you will give me your son’s mandrakes, you may sleep with Jacob tonight.”
16When Jacob came in from the field that night, Leah went out to meet him. She said, “You will have intimate relations with me tonight. I have paid for you with my son’s mandrakes.” So Jacob slept with her that night.
17Then God answered Leah’s prayer, and she became pregnant again. She gave birth to a fifth son. 18Leah said, “God has given me what I paid for, because I gave my slave girl to my husband.” So Leah named her son Issachar.# This name sounds like the Hebrew word for “paid for.”
19Leah became pregnant again and gave birth to a sixth son. 20She said, “God has given me a fine gift. Now surely Jacob will honor me, because I have given him six sons.” So Leah named the son Zebulun.# This name sounds like the Hebrew word for “honor.”
21Later Leah gave birth to a daughter. She named her Dinah.
22Then God remembered Rachel and answered her prayer. God made it possible for her to have children. 23She became pregnant and gave birth to a son. She said, “God has taken away my shame.” 24She named him Joseph.# This name sounds like the Hebrew word for “he adds.” Rachel said, “I wish the Lord would give me another son.”
Jacob Tricks Laban
25After the birth of Joseph, Jacob said to Laban, “Now let me go to my own home and country. 26Give me my wives and my children, and let me go. I have earned them by working for you. You know that I served you well.”
27Laban said to him, “If I have pleased you, please stay. I know the Lord has blessed me because of you. 28Tell me what I should pay you, and I will give it to you.”
29Jacob answered, “You know that I have worked hard for you. Your flocks have grown while I cared for them. 30When I came, you had little. Now you have much. Every time I did something for you, the Lord blessed you. But when will I be able to do something for my own family?”
31Laban asked, “Then what should I give you?”
Jacob answered, “I don’t want you to give me anything. Just do this one thing. Then I will come back and take care of your flocks. 32Today let me go through all your flocks of white sheep and black goats. I will take every spotted or speckled lamb. I will take every black lamb and every spotted or speckled goat. That will be my pay. 33In the future you can easily see if I am honest. You can come to look at my flocks. If I have any goat that isn’t speckled or spotted or any sheep that isn’t black, you will know I stole it.”
34Laban answered, “Agreed! We will do what you ask.” 35But that day Laban took away all the male goats that had streaks or spots. And he took all the speckled and spotted female goats (all those that had white on them). And he took all the black sheep. He told his sons to watch over them. 36Laban took these animals to a place that was three days’ journey away from Jacob. Jacob took care of all the animals that were left.
37So Jacob cut green branches from poplar, almond and plane trees. He peeled off some of the bark so that the branches had white stripes on them. 38He put the branches in front of the flocks at the watering places. When the animals came to drink, they also mated there. 39So the goats mated in front of the branches. Then the young that were born were streaked, speckled or spotted. 40Jacob separated the young animals from the others. And he made them face the streaked and dark animals in Laban’s flock. Jacob kept his animals separate from Laban’s. 41When the stronger animals in the flock were mating, Jacob put the branches before their eyes. This was so the animals would mate near the branches. 42But when the weaker animals mated, Jacob did not put the branches there. So the animals born from the weaker animals were Laban’s. And the animals born from the stronger animals were Jacob’s. 43In this way Jacob became very rich. He had large flocks, many male and female servants, camels and donkeys.
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SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) The Sacramento Zoo has lost its oldest zebra, Malindi.
The Sacramento Bee reports (http://bit.ly/2icSm7r ) that that 25-year-old Grevy's zebra died Monday after she was found unresponsive in her exhibit. Veterinarians found the zebra had low blood sugar and neurological issues, prompting the decision to euthanize her.
Malindi was born at the San Diego Wild Animal Park in 1992. She gave birth to three foals during her life and leaves three fellow zebras at the Sacramento Zoo.
Malindi is the most recent in a string of elderly Sacramento Zoo anima deaths. A 24-year-old zebra named Akina died Dec. 28, a 27-year-old Amazon parrot named Jasper died on Dec. 19 and Percy, a 17-year-old North American river otter died Dec. 22.
Information from: The Sacramento Bee, http://www.sacbee.com
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If the Danish electricity sector is an unrepresentative model for most other nations to follow, by dint of its hard-to-replicate access to ultra-flexible hydro electricity from Norway, the Danes do at least seem to have a feasible (if expensive) structure in place. The same cannot be said of Germany, that other favourite exemplar of red/green advocates of renewable energy, which upon examination is a very odd model for them to be eulogising.
To summarise: Germany barely got through 2012 without serious blackouts; voltage has become highly unreliable in many parts of their complex grid system; heavily subsidised renewables have trashed the German wholesale power market; neighbouring markets are also suffering as a result of unpredictable surges of German wind-power exports; Germany is building a large number of big new coal- and lignite-fired power stations to cope; in the interim, they have become dependent on large-scale imports from some very dirty old lignite plants in Eastern Europe; and to crown it all, their CO2 emissions are increasing!
How has this come to pass?
On major issues like energy, German policy is generally framed by big, set-piece legislation that lays down what is in effect a national plan. The last coherent German energy plan dates back to the 1980s, and more recent policies have been layered on top in an ad hoc fashion. That’s how it’s often done in the UK and other countries, but for methodical Germany it is anomalous: and intelligent Germans view the resultant mess as inevitable.
The most recent nonsense was the sequence of on-off-on-off nuclear decisions, culminating in a post-Fukushima bombshell: the summary closure of a large part of the nuclear fleet. This was always going to leave a big gap to fill in a hurry – hence the immediate increase in imports, which naturally come from neighbours with surplus capacity: France (nuclear, of course), Poland and the Czech Republic (coal, some of it dreadfully polluting lignite). The ironies are obvious, and one hopes the anti-nuke greens are proud of themselves.
But the subtler and even less tractable issue is the unforeseen impact of large amounts of ‘must take’ wind- and solar-power, financed by whopping subsidies. (The electricity doesn’t even need to be generated – the producer merely needs to install the plant. There are many windfarms in northern Germany that are completed but not connected to the grid – the system cannot accommodate them, and they lie idle – getting paid anyway.)
Key to the situation is that the marginal cost of wind- and solar-power is close to zero. Unsurprisingly, at times of the day when large quantities of zero-cost power are being fed into the grid (foisted on utilities who must take it, irrespective of its market value), the impact on the wholesale market price is to reduce it substantially – not just to zero, it sometimes actually goesnegative, so that people are being paid to take power off the system
The timing of wind generation is notoriously unpredictable, but solar is straightforward: it peaks around noon. In Germany (though not in all countries) this at least coincides with peak demand. The impact on wholesale prices is clear.
One cannot fail to notice (a) demand rising to maximum at midday (‘Volume’ on the chart) which would ‘normally’ coincide with the highest hourly prices: but (b) a midday collapse in hourly price, which at 1pm is lower than at midnight ! The market price for ‘peak’ electricity as defined in the German/Austrian market (9 am to 8 pm) is now barely greater than for baseload (24-hour), meaning inter alia that no-one will see any incentive to build or run a plant designed to offer flexibility. In particular, it fundamentally undermines the economics of flexible gas-fired plant, which – since no subsidies are on offer to fossil fuels – needs a ‘normal’, undistorted day-time price to pay its way. And yet that is the very plant needed to balance the vagaries of wind generation !
Why this was not foreseen is a matter for conjecture. (Personally, I reckon – and have offered evidence elsewhere – that many Germans who should know better genuinely do not understand how markets work.) But of this we may be sure: its impact is highly destabilising.
Nothing here should be taken as personal advice, financial or otherwise. No liability is accepted for third-party content, whether incorporated in or linked to this blog; or for unintentional error and inaccuracy. The blog author may have, or intend to change, a personal position in any stock or other kind of investment mentioned.
© 2013 Broad Oak Magazine
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What does IVF cost in Siliguri 2021?
The minimum expense of the IVF treatment in Siliguri can be Rs. 90,000 which can rise up to Rs. 140000 including the prescribed medicines and drugs. There are hundreds of couples who have already spent as much as Rs. 300,000 to Rs. 600,000 for the treatment of test tube baby. The cost of IVF treatment increases due to many factors which might be depending on the infertility issues and on the medical history and you might also get few other treatments including IVF, ICSI etc. Different IVF clinics offer different IVF costs . You can say that the IVF treatment cost in Siliguri can be varied than the IVF treatment cost in other clinics. There are many couples who tour to different cities to get the affordable IVF treatment cycles.
Factors associated with the cost of IVF treatment in Siliguri
The IVF treatment cost in Siliguri can be based on different factors. These factors can ultimately make a great effect on the overall success rate of your IVF treatment in Siliguri. The couples can avail an additional 10% discount on the total cost of IVF treatment which can be up to Rs. 200,000 by the different IVF treatment centers.
The below is the list of factors which contributes in the IVF cost in Siliguri.
- The consultation charges which Rs. 500 to 1500 is the prime cost is mandatory for the IVF treatment in Siliguri.
- The number of iVF cycle, the age of woman, her fertility period as well as her infertility issue can also contributes a lot in the cost.
- The laboratory charges can directly affect the cost. The main function of the IVF treatment is done in the Vitro means glass which affects the entire cost.
- Many times, couples just need IUI or ICSI before IVF. This ultimately reduces the entire costs of the IVF treatment.
- Different factors like surrogacy, egg donor, sperm donor can rise up the cost up to Rs. 90,000 to help you with the IVF treatment.
- There are many couples who choose to freeze the embryo for future which increase their cost.
- sometimes, to treat male infertility TESA which is popular as Testicular Sperm Aspiration can add up to Rs. 18,000 in the process.
Types of fertility treatment cost in Siliguri
The varied fertility treatments can be cost differently in Siliguri. The following are the infertility treatment and their cost.
How Much Does IUI Treatment Cost In Siliguri 2021?
Before jumping to IVF, most of the couples select IUI I.e. intrauterine insemination. It is very economical and less invasive process which is concluded in short period of time. It also does not require any anesthesia. In location, the cost of IUI treatment can be up to Rs. 9000. You must need to consider the highest amount of Rs. 10,000 in case you are taking help of a sperm donor.
What does ICSI Treatment cost in Siliguri?
The ICSI is the most important part of the IVF treatment. With the help of the needle a single sperm is injected into the eggs in the lab and is checked for the signs of fertilization. The success rate is high with ICSI than the conventional infertility treatment. The ICSI is important and so does the cost of ICSI is higher than other IVF treatment in your Siliguri. The IVF cost inclusive of ICSI treatment should be between Rs. 120,000 to Rs. 150,000 along with all the charges like scans, medicines, lab expenses and many more. On other note, the cost of the IVF treatment with the ICSI treatment might increase in case of donor sperm. Then the cost of the treatment can range between Rs. 140,000 to Rs.170,000.
What is Embryo Freezing cost in Siliguri?
Most of the couples choose to freeze the fertilized eggs. It is a fact that the woman who has frozen embryo transfer has better chances to have a successful pregnancy than using the newly developed embryo. The overall cost of transferring the freezing embryo is around Rs. 135,000 to Rs. 150,000.
What does Frozen embryo transfer cost in Siliguri?
In the FET process, the previously obtained embryo is transferred into the uterus. So, in general, the overall cost of the FET is lower than the entire IVF cycle. The total cost of FET is around Rs. 40,000 in Siliguri.
How Much Does Laser Assisted Hatching Cost In Siliguri?
One of the most advanced infertility treatments are laser assisted hatching. The IVF experts are now recommending it to hatch the eggs by using laser directly into the uterus. If you are living in Siliguri, then you can spend as little as Rs. 150,000 at the best IVF clinics.
What does Surrogacy cost in Siliguri?
Surrogacy is the process in which another woman has to carry your child until birth. This is an inexpensive process as you need to hire a womb. The entire cost of the surrogacy can be more than Rs. 800,000 inclusive of all the drugs and medicines of the surrogate mother.
Here’s the quick check of the IVF treatment costs depending on different factors:
|Type of Infertility Treatment||Cost of Infertility Treatment (in Rs.)|
|IUI Treatment||8,000 to 10,000|
|ICSI Treatment||120,000 to 170,000|
|Surrogacy||300,000 to 500,000|
|Laser assited Hatching||100,000 to 150,000|
|Frozen Embryo transfer||35,000 to 45,000|
Dr Pranay Shah
Dr. Divyesh Bhalodia
Dr. Dhruti Maheshwari
Find out affordable IVF treatment in Siliguri
In Siliguri, you will find many IVF centers offering unmatched benefits. Siliguri is a place where we focus in the field of infertility issues and their advanced treatments. You can find many clinics offering cost-effective IVF treatment in Siliguri. You need to consider different financial aspects for finding the cost effective IVF treatment pack. There are many factors which may affect the overall cost of IVF in Siliguri. The period of fertility issues can also affect this cost. The medicines, laboratory expenses, scans etc should be considered in the total IVF cost in Siliguri which should be between Rs. 100,000 to Rs. 200,000 and this may further rise up.
IVF treatment packages in Siliguri
In Siliguri, IVF packages that are designed to meet the different types of infertility issues in couples are available. These various packages provide different treatments and different fertility services and prices. There are three types of packages to treat the different types of infertility in couples and you can choose from the basic pack, the advanced pack and the additional treatment pack. Here, you can find all the important details about various IVF treatment packages.
Basic IVF treatment package
If you are looking for just a single IVF cycle, then you should consider basic treatment pack which does not include any additional treatment and charges. The minimum amount of this package is about Rs. 200,000 for the couples suffering from infertility. But the IVF price in Siliguri can increase or decrease.
The couple will not get the help of donor sperm and donor eggs in this plan. They have to spend additional amount for getting the help from sperm and eggs donor. All you need is to consult with the fertility experts before selecting the package.
Advanced IVF treatment package
The advanced treatment package includes the services of sperm donor and eggs donor. Based on the infertility issue, this advanced treatment package can be selected. The service in this advanced treatment package is quite different than the basic page but the couple can get this service at the minimum spending of Rs. 220,000.
Additional IVF Treatment Package
The below additional treatments help the couple to make their IVF treatment a success. These treatments offer different requirements for different infertile couples. These additional packages will includes advanced services of tube reversal, pre-implantation genetic disorder, freezing of embryo and many others.
What is IVF with Sperm Donor cost in Siliguri?
In IVF treatment, sperm donor is necessary to treat male infertility. In this service, the donor sperm is used to be fertilized with the eggs in the laboratory. For getting the help of sperm donors, the couple has to pay Rs. 20,000 which will raise the overall IVF treatment cost in Siliguri with Rs. 220,000. Ask your IVF doctor for this facility. There are couples who increased the overall IVF treatment success rate along with this treatment which helped them to treat the poor sperm quality, low quality of sperms, sperm that failed to penetrate the eggs and immovable sperms.
How Much Does IVF with Egg Donor Cost In Siliguri?
The healthy eggs are the essential part in the IVF treatment. When the female is not able to deliver healthy eggs for fertilization, the help of egg donors is needed. The egg retrieval process is very invasive and needs surgical attention. It requires good medical treatment and the couple has to pay up to Rs. 100,000 for collecting healthy eggs. The IVF treatment cost along with egg donor can rise up to Rs. 300,000. This cost includes the payment of Rs. 100,000 for the egg donors for providing healthy eggs.
Tube Reversal Cost
The tube reversal process needs surgical attention as the fallopian tubes are put back together in order to get pregnant naturally. The fallopian tubes that have been previously burned or cut can be operated under this treatment. The surgeon make a small incision in the lower pelvic are to gain the access of the fallopian tubes. Then with the help of the microscope and the small suture the fallopian tubes are reattached. This process will take just 3 to 4 hours and the chances of getting pregnant after this process will be around 50 to 70% for all those women who are below 40 years old. The overall cost of this process is about Rs. 300,000.
Testicular sperm Aspiration is done to treat male infertility. It is a surgical method to retrieve sperms form men who are suffering from low sperm count or are linked to other infertility issues. TESA is generally available in IVF centers which offer sperm aspiration treatment to the male partner. The overall cost of the TESA along with IVF rate in Siliguri can be around Rs. 51,000 which also includes surgeon’s fee and other on-site facilities.
The pre-implantation genetic diagnosis or Pre-implantation genetic screening is the laboratory process that is conducted before transferring the embryos fertilized in the Vitro. The process is important to recognize any genetic disorder in baby. There are many couples that are recommended by the IVF specialist to go for this treatment in order to prevent genetic disorder in their child. In order to check the embryo for PGS the couples have to spend Rs. 50,000 to Rs. 90,000.
WellSpring-Advanced IVF Fertility clinic
Find a cost-effective IVF treatment at WellSpring IVF & Women’s Hospital in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. We made it possible to provide high success rate at lucrative IVF treatment cost due to our skilled team combined of experienced doctors, lab technicians, fertility experts and gynecologist. With our expertise, we can easily analyse your infertility issue and help you to get pregnant with the minimum cost on your IVF treatment.
Please contact us today and we’ll be happy to provide a free, no obligation quote.
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If you want to improve your sound quality, you might want to change the equalizer in Windows 7. Here’s how.
Steps to change equalizer on Windows 7
1. Step Click Start >> All Programs
2. Step Click on ‘Windows Media Player’
3. Step Now that the Windows Media Player is opened, click on ‘Switch to Now Playing’ icon located at the bottom right.
4. Step Right-click on the player area then select ‘Enhancements’ and then ‘Graphic equalizer’.
5. StepOn the ‘Graphic equalizer’ popup box, click on the ‘turn on’ link(equalizer needs to be off). If you see ‘turn off’ instead of ‘turn on’ then assume that the equalizer is already set to “on”.
6. Step Now you can select preset options on the right side like rock, rap etc. You can also create your setting by moving equalizer sliders to levels that you want. Note, the changes you have made are saved automatically to a “Custom preset”.
It’s always fun to play around with the equalizer. Try making some exciting sound effects yourself. If you want to revert to the default settings, click the Reset link.
Alternative Solutions: Auto-Repair Your PC And Drivers
Trending On Windows Themes .Net
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Winner:During virtually every election in the United States, the courtesy and orderliness go unnoticed. People take for granted how power is transferred in the most powerful nation on earth, but the process truly is remarkable. No sooner had news services declared Barack Obama the winner of a close presidential race Tuesday than they began wondering when his challenger, Mitt Romney, would call to concede. It didn’t take long. Romney, like the runners-up before him, graciously offered congratulations to the winner and relinquished all claims to the office. This tradition in the handling of power is the very definition of civilization, and it deserves greater attention.
Loser: As if to underscore how remarkable it is for power to be transferred in a civilized nation, Syrian leader Bashar Assad dug in his heels this week in the face of mounting opposition and declared he would never be forced into exile. “I am Syrian, I am made in Syria, and I will live and die in Syria,” he said. Because of that, unfortunately, many other people will die in Syria as a result of the civil war Assad has fomented in his relentless pursuit of power.
Winner: Being on a short list is not the same as getting the job, but it was no small thing to read an Associated Press report that former Utah Gov. Jon Huntsman, Jr., is being considered as President Obama’s next secretary of state. Huntsman’s expertise on China would make him an attractive candidate for the job, while giving the president a unique claim to bipartisanship in his administration.
Loser: David Petraeus has served his country admirably, especially leading troops in Iraq and Afghanistan, and he no doubt had much more to give as director of the CIA. That makes his sudden resignation this week all the more sad. As of Friday afternoon, all that was known was that Petraeus had admitted to an extramarital affair. His resignation adds to the list of positions President Obama must fill as he begins his second term.
Loser: After irregularities were uncovered at Timpview High School recently, the Utah state auditor decided to examine four more high schools’ handling of athletics and activities funding. What they found was not encouraging. Each had different ways to handle funds and different internal controls, and in some cases, those rules were routinely ignored. The auditor’s office issued a statement that said it believes similar problems exist in every district. The state school board is researching ways to make financial rules and regulations uniform statewide. That sounds like a great idea.
Copyright 2016, Deseret News Publishing Company
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Part 6 out of 7
"My friend, that letter is from the Jockey Club; I recognize both the
paper and the perfume."
Calyste colored, and put the letter into his pocket.
"Why don't you read it?"
"I know what it is about."
The young wife sat down. No longer did fever burn her, she wept no
more; but madness such as, in feeble beings, gives birth to miracles
of crime, madness which lays hands on arsenic for themselves or for
their rivals, possessed her. At this moment little Calyste was brought
in, and she took him in her arms to dance him. The child, just
awakened, sought the breast beneath the gown.
"He remembers,--he, at any rate," she said in a low voice.
Calyste went to his own room to read his letter. When he was no longer
present the poor young woman burst into tears, and wept as women weep
when they are all alone.
Pain, as well as pleasure, has its initiation. The first crisis, like
that in which poor Sabine nearly succumbed, returns no more than the
first fruits of other things return. It is the first wedge struck in
the torture of the heart; all others are expected, the shock to the
nerves is known, the capital of our forces has been already drawn upon
for vigorous resistance. So Sabine, sure of her betrayal, spent three
hours with her son in her arms beside the fire in a way that surprised
herself, when Gasselin, turned into a footman, came to say:--
"Madame is served."
"Let monsieur know."
"Monsieur does not dine at home, Madame la baronne."
Who knows what torture there is for a young woman of twenty-three in
finding herself alone in the great dining-room of an old mansion,
served by silent servants, under circumstances like these?
"Order the carriage," she said suddenly; "I shall go to the Opera."
She dressed superbly; she wanted to exhibit herself alone and smiling
like a happy woman. In the midst of her remorse for the addition she
had made to Madame de Rochefide's letter she had resolved to conquer,
to win back Calyste by loving kindness, by the virtues of a wife, by
the gentleness of the paschal lamb. She wished, also, to deceive all
Paris. She loved,--loved as courtesans and as angels love, with pride,
with humility. But the opera chanced to be "Otello." When Rubini sang
/Il mio cor si divide/, she rushed away. Music is sometimes mightier
than actor or poet, the two most powerful of all natures, combined.
Savinien de Portenduere accompanied Sabine to the peristyle and put
her in the carriage without being able to understand this sudden
Madame du Guenic now entered a phase of suffering which is peculiar to
the aristocracy. Envious, poor, and miserable beings,--when you see on
the arms of such women golden serpents with diamond heads, necklaces
clasped around their necks, say to yourselves that those vipers sting,
those slender bonds burn to the quick through the delicate flesh. All
such luxury is dearly bought. In situations like that of Sabine, women
curse the pleasures of wealth; they look no longer at the gilding of
their salons; the silk of the divans is jute in their eyes, exotic
flowers are nettles, perfumes poison, the choicest cookery scrapes
their throat like barley-bread, and life becomes as bitter as the Dead
Two or three examples may serve to show this reaction of luxury upon
happiness; so that all those women who have endured it may behold
their own experience.
Fully aware now of this terrible rivalry, Sabine studied her husband
when he left the house, that she might divine, if possible, the future
of his day. With what restrained fury does a woman fling herself upon
the red-hot spikes of that savage martyrdom! What delirious joy if she
could think he did not go to the rue de Chartres! Calyste returned,
and then the study of his forehead, his hair, his eyes, his
countenance, his demeanor, gave a horrible interest to mere nothings,
to observations pursued even to matters of toilet, in which a woman
loses her self-respect and dignity. These fatal investigations,
concealed in the depths of her heart, turn sour and rot the delicate
roots from which should spring to bloom the azure flowers of sacred
confidence, the golden petals of the One only love, with all the
perfumes of memory.
One day Calyste looked about him discontentedly; he had stayed at
home! Sabine made herself caressing and humble, gay and sparkling.
"You are vexed with me, Calyste; am I not a good wife? What is there
here that displeases you?" she asked.
"These rooms are so cold and bare," he replied; "you don't understand
"Tell me what is wanting."
"Ah!" she thought to herself, "Madame de Rochefide likes flowers."
Two days later, the rooms of the hotel du Guenic had assumed another
aspect. No one in Paris could flatter himself to have more exquisite
flowers than those that now adorned them.
Some time later Calyste, one evening after dinner, complained of the
cold. He twisted about in his chair, declaring there was a draught,
and seemed to be looking for something. Sabine could not at first
imagine what this new fancy signified, she, whose house possessed a
calorifere which heated the staircases, antechambers, and passages. At
last, after three days' meditation, she came to the conclusion that
her rival probably sat surrounded by a screen to obtain the half-
lights favorable to faded faces; so Sabine had a screen, but hers was
of glass and of Israelitish splendor.
"From what quarter will the next storm come?" she said to herself.
These indirect comparisons with his mistress were not yet at an end.
When Calyste dined at home he ate his dinner in a way to drive Sabine
frantic; he would motion to the servants to take away his plates after
pecking at two or three mouthfuls.
"Wasn't it good?" Sabine would ask, in despair at seeing all the pains
she had taken in conference with her cook thrown away.
"I don't say that, my angel," replied Calyste, without anger; "I am
not hungry, that is all."
A woman consumed by a legitimate passion, who struggles thus, falls at
last into a fury of desire to get the better of her rival, and often
goes too far, even in the most secret regions of married life. So
cruel, burning, and incessant a combat in the obvious and, as we may
call them, exterior matters of a household must needs become more
intense and desperate in the things of the heart. Sabine studied her
attitudes, her toilets; she took heed about herself in all the
infinitely little trifles of love.
The cooking trouble lasted nearly a month. Sabine, assisted by
Mariotte and Gasselin, invented various little vaudeville schemes to
ascertain the dishes which Madame de Rochefide served to Calyste.
Gasselin was substituted for Calyste's groom, who had fallen
conveniently ill. This enabled Gasselin to consort with Madame de
Rochefide's cook, and before long, Sabine gave Calyste the same fare,
only better; but still he made difficulties.
"What is wanting now?" she said.
"Oh, nothing," he answered, looking round the table for something he
did not find.
"Ah!" exclaimed Sabine, as she woke the next morning, "Calyste wanted
some of those Indian sauces they serve in England in cruets. Madame de
Rochefide accustoms him to all sorts of condiments."
She bought the English cruets and the spiced sauces; but it soon
became impossible for her to make such discoveries in all the
preparations invented by her rival.
This period lasted some months; which is not surprising when we
remember the sort of attraction presented by such a struggle. It is
life. And that is preferable, with its wounds and its anguish, to the
gloomy darkness of disgust, to the poison of contempt, to the void of
abdication, to that death of the heart which is called indifference.
But all Sabine's courage abandoned her one evening when she appeared
in a toilet such as women are inspired to wear in the hope of
eclipsing a rival, and about which Calyste said, laughing:--
"In spite of all you can do, Sabine, you'll never be anything but a
"Alas!" she said, dropping on a sofa, "I may never make myself a
blonde, but I know if this continues I shall soon be thirty-five years
She refused to go to the Opera as she intended, and chose to stay at
home the whole evening. But once alone she pulled the flowers from her
hair and stamped upon them; she tore off the gown and scarf and
trampled them underfoot, like a goat caught in the tangle of its
tether, which struggles till death comes. Then she went to bed.
THE WICKEDNESS OF A GOOD WOMAN
Playing for these terrible stakes Sabine grew thin; grief consumed
her; but she never for a moment forsook the role she had imposed upon
herself. Sustained by a sort of fever, her lips drove back into her
throat the bitter words that pain suggested; she repressed the
flashing of her glorious dark eyes, and made them soft even to
humility. But her failing health soon became noticeable. The duchess,
an excellent mother, though her piety was becoming more and more
Portuguese, recognized a moral cause in the physically weak condition
in which Sabine now took satisfaction. She knew the exact state of the
relation between Beatrix and Calyste; and she took great pains to draw
her daughter to her own house, partly to soothe the wounds of her
heart, but more especially to drag her away from the scene of her
martyrdom. Sabine, however, maintained the deepest silence for a long
time about her sorrows, fearing lest some one might meddle between
herself and Calyste. She declared herself happy! At the height of her
misery she recovered her pride, and all her virtues.
But at last, after some months during which her sister Clotilde and
her mother had caressed and petted her, she acknowledged her grief,
confided her sorrows, cursed life, and declared that she saw death
coming with delirious joy. She begged Clotilde, who was resolved to
remain unmarried, to be a mother to her little Calyste, the finest
child that any royal race could desire for heir presumptive.
One evening, as she sat with her young sister Athenais (whose marriage
to the Vicomte de Grandlieu was to take place at the end of Lent), and
with Clotilde and the duchess, Sabine gave utterance to the supreme
cries of her heart's anguish, excited by the pangs of a last
"Athenais," she said, when the Vicomte Juste de Grandlieu departed at
eleven o'clock, "you are going to marry; let my example be a warning
to you. Consider it a crime to display your best qualities; resist the
pleasure of adorning yourself to please Juste. Be calm, dignified,
cold; measure the happiness you give by that which you receive. This
is shameful, but it is necessary. Look at me. I perish through my best
qualities. All that I /know/ was fine and sacred and grand within me,
all my virtues, were rocks on which my happiness is wrecked. I have
ceased to please because I am not thirty-six years old. In the eyes of
some men youth is thought an inferiority. There is nothing to imagine
on an innocent face. I laugh frankly, and that is wrong; to captivate
I ought to play off the melancholy half-smile of the fallen angel, who
wants to hide her yellowing teeth. A fresh complexion is monotonous;
some men prefer their doll's wax made of rouge and spermaceti and cold
cream. I am straightforward; but duplicity is more pleasing. I am
loyally passionate, as an honest woman may be, but I ought to be
manoeuvring, tricky, hypocritical, and simulate a coldness I have not,
--like any provincial actress. I am intoxicated with the happiness of
having married one of the most charming men in France; I tell him,
naively, how distinguished he is, how graceful his movements are, how
handsome I think him; but to please him I ought to turn away my head
with pretended horror, to love nothing with real love, and tell him
his distinction is mere sickliness. I have the misfortune to admire
all beautiful things without setting myself up for a wit by caustic
and envious criticism of whatever shines from poesy and beauty. I
don't seek to make Canalis and Nathan say of /me/ in verse and prose
that my intellect is superior. I'm only a poor little artless child; I
care only for Calyste. Ah! if I had scoured the world like /her/, if I
had said as /she/ has said, "I love," in every language of Europe, I
should be consoled, I should be pitied, I should be adored for serving
the regal Macedonian with cosmopolitan love! We are thanked for our
tenderness if we set it in relief against our vice. And I, a noble
woman, must teach myself impurity and all the tricks of prostitutes!
And Calyste is the dupe of such grimaces! Oh, mother! oh, my dear
Clotilde! I feel that I have got my death-blow. My pride is only a
sham buckler; I am without defence against my misery; I love my
husband madly, and yet to bring him back to me I must borrow the
wisdom of indifference."
"Silly girl," whispered Clotilde, "let him think you will avenge
"I wish to die irreproachable and without the mere semblance of doing
wrong," replied Sabine. "A woman's vengeance should be worthy of her
"My child," said the duchess to her daughter, "a mother must of course
see life more coolly than you can see it. Love is not the end, but the
means, of the Family. Do not imitate that poor Baronne de Macumer.
Excessive passion is unfruitful and deadly. And remember, God sends us
afflictions with knowledge of our needs. Now that Athenais' marriage
is arranged, I can give all my thoughts to you. In fact, I have
already talked of this delicate crisis in your life with your father
and the Duc de Chaulieu, and also with d'Ajuda; we shall certainly
find means to bring Calyste back to you."
"There is always one resource with the Marquise de Rochefide,"
remarked Clotilde, smiling, to her sister; "she never keeps her
"D'Ajuda, my darling," continued the duchess, "was Monsieur de
Rochefide's brother-in-law. If our dear confessor approves of certain
little manoeuvres to which we must have recourse to carry out a plan
which I have proposed to your father, I can guarantee to you the
recovery of Calyste. My conscience is repugnant to the use of such
means, and I must first submit them to the judgment of the Abbe
Brossette. We shall not wait, my child, till you are /in extremis/
before coming to your relief. Keep a good heart! Your grief to-night
is so bitter that my secret escapes me; but it is impossible for me
not to give you a little hope."
"Will it make Calyste unhappy?" asked Sabine, looking anxiously at the
"Oh, heavens! shall I ever be as silly as that!" cried Athenais,
"Ah, little girl, you know nothing of the precipices down which our
virtue flings us when led by love," replied Sabine, making a sort of
moral revelation, so distraught was she by her woe.
The speech was uttered with such incisive bitterness that the duchess,
enlightened by the tone and accent and look of her daughter, felt
certain there was some hidden trouble.
"My dears, it is midnight; come, go to bed," she said to Clotilde and
Athenais, whose eyes were shining.
"In spite of my thirty-five years I appear to be /de trop/," said
Clotilde, laughing. While Athenais kissed her mother, Clotilde leaned
over Sabine and said in her ear: "You will tell what it is? I'll dine
with you to-morrow. If my mother's conscience won't let her act, I--I
myself will get Calyste out of the hands of the infidels."
"Well, Sabine," said the duchess, taking her daughter into her
bedroom, "tell me, what new trouble is there, my child?"
"Mamma, I am lost!"
"I wanted to get the better of that horrible woman--I conquered for a
time--I am pregnant again--and Calyste loves her so that I foresee a
total abandonment. When she hears of it she will be furious. Ah! I
suffer such tortures that I cannot endure them long. I know when he is
going to her, I know it by his joy; and his peevishness tells me as
plainly when he leaves her. He no longer troubles himself to conceal
his feelings; I have become intolerable to him. She has an influence
over him as unhealthy as she is herself in soul and body. You'll see!
she will exact from him, as the price of forgiveness, my public
desertion, a rupture like her own; she will take him away from me to
Switzerland or Italy. He is beginning now to say it is ridiculous that
he knows nothing of Europe. I can guess what those words mean, flung
out in advance. If Calyste is not cured of her in three months I don't
know what he may become; but as for me, I will kill myself."
"But your soul, my unhappy child? Suicide is a mortal sin."
"Don't you understand? She may give him a child. And if Calyste loved
the child of that woman more than mine--Oh! that's the end of my
patience and all my resignation."
She fell into a chair. She had given vent to the deepest thought in
her heart; she had no longer a hidden grief; and secret sorrow is like
that iron rod that sculptors put within the structure of their clay,--
it supports, it is a force.
"Come, go home, dear sufferer. In view of such misery the abbe will
surely give me absolution for the venial sins which the deceits of the
world compel us to commit. Leave me now, my daughter," she said, going
to her /prie-Dieu/. "I must pray to our Lord and the Blessed Virgin
for you, with special supplication. Good-bye, my dear Sabine; above
all things, do not neglect your religious duties if you wish us to
"And if we do triumph, mother, we shall only save the family. Calyste
has killed within me the holy fervor of love,--killed it by sickening
me with all things. What a honey-moon was mine, in which I was made to
feel on that first day the bitterness of a retrospective adultery!"
The next day, about two in the afternoon, one of the vicars of the
faubourg Saint-Germain appointed to a vacant bishopric in 1840 (an
office refused by him for the third time), the Abbe Brossette, one of
the most distinguished priests in Paris, crossed the courtyard of the
hotel de Grandlieu, with a step which we must needs call the
ecclesiastical step, so significant is it of caution, mystery,
calmness, gravity, and dignity. He was a thin little man about fifty
years of age, with a face as white as that of an old woman, chilled by
priestly austerities, and hollowed by all the sufferings which he
espoused. Two black eyes, ardent with faith yet softened by an
expression more mysterious than mystical, animated that truly
apostolical face. He was smiling as he mounted the steps of the
portico, so little did he believe in the enormity of the cases about
which his penitent sent for him; but as the hand of the duchess was an
open palm for charity, she was worth the time which her innocent
confessions stole from the more serious miseries of the parish.
When the vicar was announced the duchess rose, and made a few steps
toward him in the salon,--a distinction she granted only to cardinals,
bishops, simple priests, duchesses older then herself, and persons of
"My dear abbe," she said, pointing to a chair and speaking in a low
voice, "I need the authority of your experience before I throw myself
into a rather wicked intrigue, although it is one which must result in
great good; and I desire to know from you whether I shall make
hindrances to my own salvation in the course I propose to follow."
"Madame la duchesse," replied the abbe, "do not mix up spiritual
things with worldly things; they are usually irreconcilable. In the
first place, what is this matter?"
"You know that my daughter Sabine is dying of grief; Monsieur du
Guenic has left her for Madame de Rochefide."
"It is very dreadful, very serious; but you know what our dear Saint
Francois de Sales says on that subject. Remember too how Madame Guyon
complained of the lack of mysticism in the proofs of conjugal love;
she would have been very willing to see her husband with a Madame de
"Sabine is only too gentle; she is almost too completely a Christian
wife; but she has not the slightest taste for mysticism."
"Poor young woman!" said the abbe, maliciously. "What method will you
take to remedy the evil?"
"I have committed the sin, my dear director, of thinking how to launch
upon Madame de Rochefide a little man, very self-willed and full of
the worst qualities, who will certainly induce her to dismiss my son-
"My daughter," replied the abbe, stroking his chin, "we are not now in
the confessional; I am not obliged to make myself your judge. From the
world's point of view, I admit that the result would be decisive--"
"The means seem to me odious," she said.
"Why? No doubt the duty of a Christian woman is to withdraw a sinning
woman from an evil path, rather than push her along it; but when a
woman has advanced upon that path as far as Madame de Rochefide, it is
not the hand of man, but that of God, which recalls such a sinner; she
needs a thunderbolt."
"Father," replied the duchess, "I thank you for your indulgence; but
the thought has occurred to me that my son-in-law is brave and a
Breton. He was heroic at the time of the rash affair of that poor
MADAME. Now, if the young fellow who undertook to make Madame de
Rochefide love him were to quarrel with Calyste, and a duel should
"You have thought wisely, Madame la duchesse; and it only proves that
in crooked paths you will always find rocks of stumbling."
"I have discovered a means, my dear abbe, to do a great good; to
withdraw Madame de Rochefide from the fatal path in which she now is;
to restore Calyste to his wife, and possibly to save from hell a poor
"In that case, why consult me?" asked the vicar, smiling.
"Ah!" replied the duchess, "Because I must permit myself some rather
"You don't mean to rob anybody?"
"On the contrary, I shall apparently have to spend a great deal of
"You will not calumniate, or--"
"--injure your neighbor?"
"I don't know about that."
"Come, tell me your plan," said the abbe, now becoming curious.
"Suppose, instead of driving out one nail by another,--this is what I
thought at my /prie-Dieu/ after imploring the Blessed Virgin to
enlighten me,--I were to free Calyste by persuading Monsieur de
Rochefide to take back his wife? Instead of lending a hand to evil for
the sake of doing good to my daughter, I should do one great good by
another almost as great--"
The vicar looked at the Portuguese lady, and was pensive.
"That is evidently an idea that came to you from afar," he said, "so
"I have thanked the Virgin for it," replied the good and humble
duchess; "and I have made a vow--not counting a novena--to give twelve
hundred francs to some poor family if I succeed. But when I
communicated my plan to Monsieur de Grandlieu he began to laugh, and
said: 'Upon my honor, at your time of life I think you women have a
devil of your own.'"
"Monsieur le duc made as a husband the same reply I was about to make
when you interrupted me," said the abbe, who could not restrain a
"Ah! Father, if you approve of the idea, will you also approve of the
means of execution? It is necessary to do to a certain Madame Schontz
(a Beatrix of the quartier Saint-Georges) what I proposed to do to
Madame de Rochefide."
"I am certain that you will not do any real wrong," said the vicar,
cleverly, not wishing to hear any more, having found the result so
desirable. "You can consult me later if you find your conscience
muttering," he added. "But why, instead of giving that person in the
rue Saint-Georges a fresh occasion for scandal, don't you give her a
"Ah! my dear director, now you have rectified the only bad thing I had
in my plan. You are worthy of being an archbishop, and I hope I shall
not die till I have had the opportunity of calling you Your Eminence."
"I see only one difficulty in all this," said the abbe.
"What is that?"
"Suppose Madame de Rochefide chooses to keep your son-in-law after she
goes back to her husband?"
"That's my affair," replied the duchess; "when one doesn't often
intrigue, one does so--"
"Badly, very badly," said the abbe. "Habit is necessary for
everything. Try to employ some of those scamps who live by intrigue,
and don't show your own hand."
"Ah! monsieur l'abbe, if I make use of the means of hell, will Heaven
"You are not at confession," repeated the abbe. "Save your child."
The worthy duchess, delighted with her vicar, accompanied him to the
door of the salon.
THE NORMAL HISTORY OF AN UPPER-CLASS GRISETTE
A storm was gathering, as we see, over Monsieur de Rochefide, who
enjoyed at that moment the greatest amount of happiness that a
Parisian can desire in being to Madame Schontz as much a husband as he
had been to Beatrix. It seemed therefore, as the duke had very
sensibly said to his wife, almost an impossibility to upset so
agreeable and satisfactory an existence. This opinion will oblige us
to give certain details on the life led by Monsieur de Rochefide after
his wife had placed him in the position of a /deserted husband/. The
reader will then be enabled to understand the enormous difference
which our laws and our morals put between the two sexes in the same
situation. That which turns to misery for the woman turns to happiness
for the man. This contrast may inspire more than one young woman with
the determination to remain in her own home, and to struggle there,
like Sabine du Guenic, by practising (as she may select) the most
aggressive or the most inoffensive virtues.
Some days after Beatrix had abandoned him, Arthur de Rochefide, now an
only child in consequence of the death of his sister, the first wife
of the Marquis d'Ajuda-Pinto, who left no children, found himself sole
master of the hotel de Rochefide, rue d'Anjou Saint-Honore, and of two
hundred thousand francs a year left to him by his father. This rich
inheritance, added to the fortune which Arthur possessed when he
married, brought his income, including that from the fortune of his
wife, to a thousand francs a day. To a gentleman endowed with a nature
such as Mademoiselle des Touches had described it in a few words to
Calyste, such wealth was happiness enough. While his wife continued in
her home and fulfilled the duties of maternity, Rochefide enjoyed this
immense fortune; but he did not spend it any more than he expended the
faculties of his mind. His good, stout vanity, gratified by the figure
he presented as a handsome man (to which he owed a few successes that
authorized him to despise women), allowed itself free scope in the
matter of brains. Gifted with the sort of mind which we must call a
reflector, he appropriated the sallies of others, the wit of the stage
and the /petits journaux/, by his method of repeating them, and
applied them as formulas of criticism. His military joviality (he had
served in the Royal Guard) seasoned conversation with so much point
that women without any intellects proclaimed him witty, and the rest
did not dare to contradict them.
This system Arthur pursued in all things; he owed to nature the
convenient genius of imitation without mimicry; he imitated seriously.
Thus without any taste of his own, he knew how to be the first to
adopt and the first to abandon a new fashion. Accused of nothing worse
than spending too much time at his toilet and wearing a corset, he
presented the type of those persons who displease no one by adopting
incessantly the ideas and the follies of everbody, and who, astride of
circumstance, never grow old.
As a husband, he was pitied; people thought Beatrix inexcusable for
deserting the best fellow on earth, and social jeers only touched the
woman. A member of all clubs, subscriber to all the absurdities
generated by patriotism or party spirit ill-understood (a compliance
which put him in the front rank /a propos/ of all such matters), this
loyal, brave, and very silly nobleman, whom unfortunately so many rich
men resemble, would naturally desire to distinguish himself by
adopting some fashionable mania. Consequently, he glorified his name
principally in being the sultan of a four-footed harem, governed by an
old English groom, which cost him monthly from four to five thousand
francs. His specialty was /running horses;/ he protected the equine
race and supported a magazine devoted to hippic questions; but, for
all that, he knew very little of the animals, and from shoes to
bridles he depended wholly on his groom,--all of which will
sufficiently explain to you that this semi-bachelor had nothing
actually of his own, neither mind, taste, position, or absurdity; even
his fortune came from his fathers. After having tasted the
displeasures of marriage he was so content to find himself once more a
bachelor that he said among his friends, "I was born with a caul"
(that is, to good luck).
Pleased above all things to be able to live without the costs of
making an appearance, to which husbands are constrained, his house, in
which since the death of his father nothing had been changed,
resembled those of masters who are travelling; he lived there little,
never dined, and seldom slept there. Here follows the reason for such
After various amorous adventures, bored by women of fashion of the
kind who are truly bores, and who plant too many thorny hedges around
happiness, he had married after a fashion, as we shall see, a certain
Madame Schontz, celebrated in the world of Fanny Beaupre, Susanne du
Val-Noble, Florine, Mariette, Jenny Cadine, etc. This world,--of which
one of our artists wittily remarked at the frantic moment of an opera
/galop/, "When one thinks that all /that/ is lodged and clothed and
lives well, what a fine idea it gives us of mankind!"--this world has
already irrupted elsewhere into this history of French manners and
customs of the nineteenth century; but to paint it with fidelity, the
historian should proportion the number of such personages to the
diverse endings of their strange careers, which terminate either in
poverty under its most hideous aspect, or by premature death often
self-inflicted, or by lucky marriages, occasionally by opulence.
Madame Schontz, known at first under the name of La Petite-Aurelie, to
distinguish her from one of her rivals far less clever than herself,
belongs to the highest class of those women whose social utility
cannot be questioned by the prefect of the Seine, nor by those who are
interested in the welfare of the city of Paris. Certainly the Rat,
accused of demolishing fortunes which frequently never existed, might
better be compared to a beaver. Without the Aspasias of the Notre-Dame
de Lorette quarter, far fewer houses would be built in Paris. Pioneers
in fresh stucco, they have gone, towed by speculation, along the
heights of Montmartre, pitching their tents in those solitudes of
carved free-stone, the like of which adorns the European streets of
Amsterdam, Milan, Stockholm, London, and Moscow, architectural steppes
where the wind rustles innumerable papers on which a void is divulged
by the words, /Apartments to let/.
The situation of these dames is determined by that which they take in
the apocryphal regions. If the house is near the line traced by the
rue de Provence, the woman has an income, her budget prospers; but if
she approaches the farther line of the Boulevard Exterieur or rises
towards the horrid town of Batignolles, she is without resources. When
Monsieur de Rochefide first encountered Madame Schontz, she lived on
the third floor of the only house that remained in the rue de Berlin;
thus she was camping on the border-land between misery and its
reverse. This person was not really named, as you may suppose, either
Schontz or Aurelie. She concealed the name of her father, an old
soldier of the Empire, that perennial colonel who always appears at
the dawn of all these feminine existences either as father or seducer.
Madame Schontz had received the gratuitous education of Saint-Denis,
where young girls are admirably brought up, but where, unfortunately,
neither husbands nor openings in life are offered to them when they
leave the school,--an admirable creation of the Emperor, which now
lacks but one thing, the Emperor himself!
"I shall be there, to provide for the daughters of my faithful
legions," he replied to a remark of one of his ministers, who foresaw
Napoleon had also said, "I shall be there!" for the members of the
Institute; to whom they had better give no salary than send them
eighty francs each month, a wage that is less than that of certain
Aurelie was really the daughter of the intrepid Colonel Schiltz, a
leader of those bold Alsacian guerillas who came near saving the
Emperor in the campaign of France. He died at Metz,--robbed, pillaged,
ruined. In 1814 Napoleon put the little Josephine Schiltz, then about
nine years old, at Saint-Denis. Having lost both father and mother and
being without a home and without resources, the poor child was not
dismissed from the institution on the second return of the Bourbons.
She was under-mistress of the school till 1827, but then her patience
gave way; her beauty seduced her. When she reached her majority
Josephine Schiltz, the Empress's goddaughter, was on the verge of the
adventurous life of a courtesan, persuaded to that doubtful future by
the fatal example of some of her comrades like herself without
resources, who congratulated themselves on their decision. She
substituted /on/ for /il/ in her father's name and placed herself
under the patronage of Saint-Aurelie.
Lively, witty, and well-educated, she committed more faults than her
duller companions, whose misdemeanors had invariably self-interest for
their base. After knowing various writers, poor but dishonest, clever
but deeply in debt; after trying certain rich men as calculating as
they were foolish; and after sacrificing solid interests to one true
love,--thus going through all the schools in which experience is
taught,--on a certain day of extreme misery, when, at Valentino's (the
first stage to Musard) she danced in a gown, hat, and mantle that were
all borrowed, she attracted the attention of Arthur de Rochefide, who
had come there to see the famous /galop/. Her cleverness instantly
captivated the man who at that time knew not what passion to devote
himself to. So that two years after his desertion by Beatrix, the
memory of whom often humiliated him, the marquis was not blamed by any
one for marrying, so to speak, in the thirteenth arrondissement, a
substitute for his wife.
Let us sketch the four periods of this happiness. It is necessary to
show that the theory of marriage in the thirteenth arrondissement
affects in like manner all who come within its rule.[*] Marquis in the
forties, sexagenary retired shopkeeper, quadruple millionnaire or
moderate-income man, great seigneur or bourgeois, the strategy of
passion (except for the differences inherent in social zones) never
varies. The heart and the money-box are always in the same exact and
clearly defined relation. Thus informed, you will be able to estimate
the difficulties the duchess was certain to encounter in her
[*] Before 1859 there was no 13th arrondissement in Paris, hence the
Who knows the power in France of witty sayings upon ordinary minds, or
what harm the clever men who invent them have done? For instance, no
book-keeper could add up the figures of the sums remaining
unproductive and lost in the depths of generous hearts and strong-
boxes by that ignoble phrase, "/tirer une carotte!/"
The saying has become so popular that it must be allowed to soil this
page. Besides, if we penetrate within the 13th arrondissement, we are
forced to accept its picturesque patois. /Tirer une carotte/ has a
dozen allied meanings, but it suffices to give it here as: /To dupe/.
Monsieur de Rochefide, like all little minds, was terribly afraid of
being /carotte/. The noun has become a verb. From the very start of
his passion for Madame Schontz, Arthur was on his guard, and he was,
therefore, very /rat/, to use another word of the same vocabulary. The
word /rat/, when applied to a young girl, means the guest or the one
entertained, but applied to a man it signifies the giver of the feast
who is niggardly.
Madame Schontz had too much sense and she knew men too well not to
conceive great hopes from such a beginning. Monsieur de Rochefide
allowed her five hundred francs a month, furnished for her, rather
shabbily, an apartment costing twelve hundred francs a year on a
second floor in the rue Coquenard, and set himself to study Aurelie's
character, while she, perceiving his object, gave him a character to
study. Consequently, Rochefide became happy in meeting with a woman of
noble nature. But he saw nothing surprising in that; her mother was a
Barnheim of Baden, a well-bred woman. Besides, Aurelie was so well
brought up herself! Speaking English, German, and Italian, she
possessed a thorough knowledge of foreign literatures. She could hold
her own against all second-class pianists. And, remark this! she
behaved about her talents like a well-bred woman; she never mentioned
them. She picked up a brush in a painter's studio, used it half
jestingly, and produced a head which caused general astonishment. For
mere amusement during the time she pined as under-mistress at Saint-
Denis, she had made some advance in the domain of the sciences, but
her subsequent life had covered these good seeds with a coating of
salt, and she now gave Arthur the credit of the sprouting of the
precious germs, re-cultivated for him.
Thus Aurelie began by showing a disinterestedness equal to her other
charms, which allowed this weak corvette to attach its grapnels
securely to the larger vessel. Nevertheless, about the end of the
first year, she made ignoble noises in the antechamber with her clogs,
coming in about the time when the marquis was awaiting her, and
hiding, as best she could, the draggled tail of an outrageously muddy
gown. In short, she had by this time so perfectly persuaded her /gros
papa/ that all her ambition, after so many ups and downs, was to
obtain honorably a comfortable little bourgeois existence, that, about
ten months after their first meeting, the second phase of happiness
Madame Schontz then obtained a fine apartment in the rue Neuve-Saint-
Georges. Arthur, who could no longer conceal the amount of his
fortune, gave her splendid furniture, a complete service of plate,
twelve hundred francs a month, a low carriage with one horse,--this,
however, was hired; but he granted a tiger very graciously. Madame
Schontz was not the least grateful for this munificence; she knew the
motive of her Arthur's conduct, and recognized the calculations of the
male /rat/. Sick of living at a restaurant, where the fare is usually
execrable, and where the least little /gourmet/ dinner costs sixty
francs for one, and two hundred francs if you invite three friends,
Rochefide offered Madame Schontz forty francs a day for his dinner and
that of a friend, everything included. Aurelie accepted.
Thus having made him take up all her moral letters of credit, drawn
one by one on Monsieur de Rochefide's comfort, she was listened to
with favor when she asked for five hundred francs more a month for her
dress, in order not to shame her /gros papa/, whose friends all
belonged to the Jockey Club.
"It would be a pretty thing," she said, "if Rastignac, Maxime de
Trailles, d'Esgrignon, La Roche-Hugon, Ronqueroles, Laginski,
Lenoncourt, found you with a sort of Madame Everard. Besides, have
confidence in me, papa, and you'll be the gainer."
In fact, Aurelie contrived to display new virtues in this second
phase. She laid out for herself a house-keeping role for which she
claimed much credit. She made, so she said, both ends meet at the
close of the month on two thousand five hundred francs without a debt,
--a thing unheard of in the faubourg Saint-Germain of the 13th
arrondissement,--and she served dinners infinitely superior to those
of Nucingen, at which exquisite wines were drunk at twelve francs a
bottle. Rochefide, amazed, and delighted to be able to invite his
friends to the house with economy, declared, as he caught her round
"She's a treasure!"
Soon after he hired one-third of a box at the Opera for her; next he
took her to first representations. Then he began to consult his
Aurelie, and recognized the excellence of her advice. She let him take
the clever sayings she said about most things for his own, and, these
being unknown to others, raised his reputation as an amusing man. He
now acquired the certainty of being loved truly, and for himself
alone. Aurelie refused to make the happiness of a Russian prince who
offered her five thousand francs a month.
"You are a lucky man, my dear marquis," cried old Prince Galathionne
as he finished his game of whist at the club. "Yesterday, after you
left us alone, I tried to get Madame Schontz away from you, but she
said: 'Prince, you are not handsomer, but you are a great deal older
than Rochefide; you would beat me, but he is like a father to me; can
you give me one-tenth of a reason why I should change? I've never had
the grand passion for Arthur that I once had for little fools in
varnished boots and whose debts I paid; but I love him as a wife loves
her husband when she is an honest woman.' And thereupon she showed me
This speech, which did not seem exaggerated, had the effect of greatly
increasing the state of neglect and degradation which reigned in the
hotel de Rochefide. Arthur now transported his whole existence and his
pleasures to Madame Schontz, and found himself well off; for at the
end of three years he had four hundred thousand francs to invest.
The third phase now began. Madame Schontz became the tenderest of
mothers to Arthur's son; she fetched him from school and took him back
herself; she overwhelmed with presents and dainties and pocket-money
the child who called her his "little mamma," and who adored her. She
took part in the management of Arthur's property; she made him buy
into the Funds when low, just before the famous treaty of London which
overturned the ministry of March 1st. Arthur gained two hundred
thousand francs by that transaction and Aurelie did not ask for a
penny of it. Like the gentleman that he was, Rochefide invested his
six hundred thousand francs in stock of the Bank of France and put
half of that sum in the name of Josephine Schiltz. A little house was
now hired in the rue de La Bruyere and given to Grindot, that great
decorative architect, with orders to make it a perfect bonbon-box.
Henceforth, Rochefide no longer managed his affairs. Madame Schontz
received the revenues and paid the bills. Become, as it were,
practically his wife, his woman of business, she justified the
position by making her /gros papa/ more comfortable than ever; she had
learned all his fancies, and gratified them as Madame de Pompadour
gratified those of Louis XV. In short, Madame Schontz reigned an
absolute mistress. She then began to patronize a few young men,
artists, men of letters, new-fledged to fame, who rejected both
ancients and moderns, and strove to make themselves a great reputation
by accomplishing little or nothing.
The conduct of Madame Schontz, a triumph of tactics, ought to reveal
to you her superiority. In the first place, these ten or a dozen young
fellows amused Arthur; they supplied him with witty sayings and clever
opinions on all sorts of topics, and did not put in doubt the fidelity
of the mistress; moreover, they proclaimed her a woman who was
eminently intelligent. These living advertisements, these
perambulating articles, soon set up Madame Schontz as the most
agreeable woman to be found in the borderland which separates the
thirteenth arrondissement from the twelve others. Her rivals--Suzanne
Gaillard, who, in 1838, had won the advantage over her of becoming a
wife married in legitimate marriage, Fanny Beaupre, Mariette, Antonia
--spread calumnies that were more than droll about the beauty of those
young men and the complacent good-nature with which Monsieur de
Rochefide welcomed them. Madame Schontz, who could distance, as she
said, by three /blagues/ the wit of those ladies, said to them one
night at a supper given by Nathan to Florine, after recounting her
fortune and her success, "Do as much yourselves!"--a speech which
remained in their memory.
It was during this period that Madame Schontz made Arthur sell his
race-horses, through a series of considerations which she no doubt
derived from the critical mind of Claude Vignon, one of her
"I can conceive," she said one night, after lashing the horses for
some time with her lively wit, "that princes and rich men should set
their hearts on horse-flesh, but only for the good of the country, not
for the paltry satisfactions of a betting man. If you had a stud farm
on your property and could raise a thousand or twelve hundred horses,
and if all the horses of France and of Navarre could enter into one
great solemn competition, it would be fine; but you buy animals as the
managers of theatres trade in artists; you degrade an institution to a
gambling game; you make a Bourse of legs, as you make a Bourse of
stocks. It is unworthy. Don't you spend sixty thousand francs
sometimes merely to read in the newspapers: 'Lelia, belonging to
Monsieur de Rochefide beat by a length Fleur-de-Genet the property of
Monsieur le Duc de Rhetore'? You had much better give that money to
poets, who would carry you in prose and verse to immortality, like the
By dint of being prodded, the marquis was brought to see the
hollowness of the turf; he realized that economy of sixty thousand
francs; and the next year Madame Schontz remarked to him,--
"I don't cost you anything now, Arthur."
Many rich men envied the marquis and endeavored to entice Madame
Schontz away from him, but like the Russian prince they wasted their
"Listen to me," she said to Finot, now become immensely rich. "I am
certain that Rochefide would forgive me a little passion if I fell in
love with any one, but one doesn't leave a marquis with a kind heart
like that for a /parvenu/ like you. You couldn't keep me in the
position in which Arthur has placed me; he has made me half a wife and
a lady, and that's more than you could do even if you married me."
This was the last nail which clinched the fetters of that happy
galley-slave, for the speech of course reached the ears for which it
The fourth phase had begun, that of /habit/, the final victory in
these plans of campaign, which make the women of this class say of a
man, "I hold him!" Rochefide, who had just bought the little hotel in
the name of Mademoiselle Josephine Schiltz (a trifle of eighty
thousand francs), had reached, at the moment the Duchesse de Grandlieu
was forming plans about him, the stage of deriving vanity from his
mistress (whom he now called Ninon II.), by vaunting her scrupulous
honesty, her excellent manners, her education, and her wit. He had
merged his own defects, merits, tastes, and pleasures in Madame
Schontz, and he found himself at this period of his life, either from
lassitude, indifference, or philosophy, a man unable to change, who
clings to wife or mistress.
We may understand the position won in five years by Madame Schontz
from the fact that presentation at her house had to be proposed some
time before it was granted. She refused to receive dull rich people
and smirched people; and only departed from this rule in favor of
certain great names of the aristocracy.
"They," she said, "have a right to be stupid because they are well-
She possessed ostensibly the three hundred thousand francs which
Rochefide had given her, and which a certain good fellow, a broker
named Gobenheim (the only man of that class admitted to her house)
invested and reinvested for her. But she manipulated for herself
secretly a little fortune of two hundred thousand francs, the result
of her savings for the last three years and of the constant movement
of the three hundred thousand francs,--for she never admitted the
possession of more than that known sum.
"The more you make, the less you get rich," said Gobenheim to her one
"Water is so dear," she answered.
This secret hoard was increased by jewels and diamonds, which Aurelie
wore a month and then sold. When any one called her rich, Madame
Schontz replied that at the rate of interest in the Funds three
hundred thousand francs produced only twelve thousand, and she had
spent as much as that in the hardest days of her life.
ONE OF THE DISEASES OF THE AGE
Such conduct implied a plan, and Madame Schontz had, as you may well
believe, a plan. Jealous for the last two years of Madame du Bruel,
she was consumed with the ambition to be married by church and mayor.
All social positions have their forbidden fruit, some little thing
magnified by desire until it has become the weightiest thing in life.
This ambition of course involved a second Arthur; but no espial on the
part of those about her had as yet discovered Rochefide's secret
rival. Bixiou fancied he saw the favored one in Leon de Lora; the
painter saw him in Bixiou, who had passed his fortieth year and ought
to be making himself a fate of some kind. Suspicions were also turned
on Victor de Vernisset, a poet of the school of Canalis, whose passion
for Madame Schontz was desperate; but the poet accused Stidmann, a
young sculptor, of being his fortune rival. This artist, a charming
lad, worked for jewellers, for manufacturers in bronze and silver-
smiths; he longed to be another Benvenuto Cellini. Claude Vignon, the
young Comte de la Palferine, Gobenheim, Vermanton a cynical
philosopher, all frequenters of this amusing salon, were severally
suspected, and proved innocent. No one had fathomed Madame Schontz,
certainly not Rochefide, who thought she had a penchant for the young
and witty La Palferine; she was virtuous from self-interest and was
wholly bent on making a good marriage.
Only one man of equivocal reputation was ever seen in Madame Schontz's
salon, namely Couture, who had more than once made his brother
speculators howl; but Couture had been one of Madame Schontz's
earliest friends, and she alone remained faithful to him. The false
alarm of 1840 swept away the last vestige of this stock-gambler's
credit; Aurelie, seeing his run of ill-luck, made Rochefide play, as
we have seen, in the other direction. Thankful to find a place for
himself at Aurelie's table, Couture, to whom Finot, the cleverest or,
if you choose, the luckiest of all parvenus, occasionally gave a note
of a thousand francs, was alone wise and calculating enough to offer
his hand and name to madame Schontz, who studied him to see if the
bold speculator had sufficient power to make his way in politics and
enough gratitude not to desert his wife. Couture, a man about forty-
three years of age, half worn-out, did not redeem the unpleasant
sonority of his name by birth; he said little of the authors of his
Madame Schontz was bemoaning to herself the rarity of eligible men,
when Couture presented to her a provincial, supplied with the two
handles by which women take hold of such pitchers when they wish to
keep them. To sketch this person will be to paint a portion of the
youth of the day. The digression is history.
In 1838, Fabien du Ronceret, son of a chief-justice of the Royal court
at Caen (who had lately died), left his native town of Alencon,
resigning his judgeship (a position in which his father had compelled
him, he said, to waste his time), and came to Paris, with the
intention of making a noise there,--a Norman idea, difficult to
realize, for he could scarcely scrape together eight thousand francs a
year; his mother still being alive and possessing a life-interest in a
valuable estate in Alencon. This young man had already, during
previous visits to Paris, tried his rope, like an acrobat, and had
recognized the great vice of the social replastering of 1830. He meant
to turn it to his own profit, following the example of the longest
heads of the bourgeoisie. This requires a rapid glance on one of the
effects of the new order of things.
Modern equality, unduly developed in our day, has necessarily
developed in private life, on a line parallel with political life, the
three great divisions of the social /I;/ namely, pride, conceit, and
vanity. Fools wish to pass for wits; wits want to be thought men of
talent; men of talent wish to be treated as men of genius; as for men
of genius, they are more reasonable; they consent to be only demigods.
This tendency of the public mind of these days, which, in the Chamber,
makes the manufacturer jealous of the statesman, and the administrator
jealous of the writer, leads fools to disparage wits, wits to
disparage men of talent, men of talent to disparage those who outstrip
them by an inch or two, and the demigods to threaten institutions, the
throne, or whatever does not adore them unconditionally. So soon as a
nation has, in a very unstatesmanlike spirit, pulled down all
recognized social superiorities, she opens the sluice through which
rushes a torrent of secondary ambitions, the meanest of which resolves
to lead. She had, so democrats declare, an evil in her aristocracy;
but a defined and circumscribed evil; she exchanges it for a dozen
armed and contending aristocracies--the worst of all situations. By
proclaiming the equality of all, she has promulgated a declaration of
the rights of Envy. We inherit to-day the saturnalias of the
Revolution transferred to the domain, apparently peaceful, of the
mind, of industry, of politics; it now seems that reputations won by
toil, by services rendered, by talent, are privileges granted at the
expense of the masses. Agrarian law will spread to the field of glory.
Never, in any age, have men demanded the affixing of their names on
the nation's posters for reasons more puerile. Distinction is sought
at any price, by ridicule, by an affectation of interest in the cause
of Poland, in penitentiaries, in the future of liberated galley-
slaves, in all the little scoundrels above and below twelve years, and
in every other social misery. These diverse manias create fictitious
dignities, presidents, vice-presidents, and secretaries of societies,
the number of which is greater than that of the social questions they
seek to solve. Society on its grand scale has been demolished to make
a million of little ones in the image of the defunct. These parasitic
organizations reveal decomposition; are they not the swarming of
maggots in the dead body? All these societies are the daughters of one
mother, Vanity. It is not thus that Catholic charity or true
beneficence proceeds; /they/ study evils in wounds and cure them; they
don't perorate in public meetings upon deadly ills for the pleasure of
Fabien du Ronceret, without being a superior man, had divined, by the
exercise of that greedy common-sense peculiar to a Norman, the gain he
could derive from this public vice. Every epoch has its character
which clever men make use of. Fabien's mind, though not clever, was
wholly bent on making himself talked about.
"My dear fellow, a man must make himself talked about, if he wants to
be anything," he said, on parting from the king of Alencon, a certain
du Bousquier, a friend of his father. "In six months I shall be better
known than you are!"
It was thus that Fabien interpreted the spirit of his age; he did not
rule it, he obeyed it. He made his debut in Bohemia, a region in the
moral topography of Paris where he was known as "The Heir" by reason
of certain premeditated prodigalities. Du Ronceret had profited by
Couture's follies for the pretty Madame Cadine, for whom, during his
ephemeral opulence, he had arranged a delightful ground-floor
apartment with a garden in the rue Blanche. The Norman, who wanted his
luxury ready-made, bought Couture's furniture and all the improvements
he was forced to leave behind him,--a kiosk in the garden, where he
smoked, a gallery in rustic wood, with India mattings and adorned with
potteries, through which to reach the kiosk if it rained. When the
Heir was complimented on his apartment, he called it his /den/. The
provincial took care not to say that Grindot, the architect, had
bestowed his best capacity upon it, as did Stidmann on the carvings,
and Leon de Lora on the paintings, for Fabien's crowning defect was
the vanity which condescends to lie for the sake of magnifying the
The Heir complimented these magnificences by a greenhouse which he
built along a wall with a southern exposure,--not that he loved
flowers, but he meant to attack through horticulture the public notice
he wanted to excite. At the present moment he had all but attained his
end. Elected vice-president of some sort of floral society presided
over by the Duc de Vissembourg, brother of the Prince de Chiavari,
youngest son of the late Marechal Vernon, he adorned his coat with the
ribbon of the Legion of honor on the occasion of an exhibition of
products, the opening speech at which, delivered by him, and bought of
Lousteau for five hundred francs, was boldly pronounced to be his own
brew. He also made himself talked about by a flower, given to him by
old Blondet of Alencon, father of Emile Blondet, which he presented to
the horticultural world as the product of his own greenhouse.
But this success was nothing. The Heir, who wished to be accepted as a
wit, had formed a plan of consorting with clever celebrities and so
reflecting their fame,--a plan somewhat hard to execute on a basis of
an exchequer limited to eight thousand francs a year. With this end in
view, Fabien du Ronceret had addressed himself again and again,
without success, to Bixiou, Stidmann, and Leon de Lora, asking them to
present him to Madame Schontz, and allow him to take part in that
menageria of lions of all kinds. Failing in those directions he
applied to Couture, for whose dinners he had so often paid that the
late speculator felt obliged to prove categorically to Madame Schontz
that she ought to acquire such an original, if it was only to make him
one of those elegant footmen without wages whom the mistresses of
households employ to do errands, when servants are lacking.
In the course of three evenings Madame Schontz read Fabien like a book
and said to herself,--
"If Couture does not suit me, I am certain of saddling that one. My
future can go on two legs now."
This queer fellow whom everybody laughed at was really the chosen one,
--chosen, however, with an intention which made such preference
insulting. The choice escaped all public suspicion by its very
improbability. Madame Schontz intoxicated Fabien with smiles given
secretly, with little scenes played on the threshold when she bade him
good-night, if Monsieur de Rochefide stayed behind. She often made
Fabien a third with Arthur in her opera-box and at first
representations; this she excused by saying he had done her such or
such a service and she did not know how else to repay him. Men have a
natural conceit as common to them as to women,--that of being loved
exclusively. Now of all flattering passions there is none more prized
than that of a Madame Schontz, for the man she makes the object of a
love she calls "from the heart," in distinction from another sort of
love. A woman like Madame Schontz, who plays the great lady, and whose
intrinsic value is real, was sure to be an object of pride to Fabien,
who fell in love with her to the point of never presenting himself
before her eyes except in full dress, varnished boots, lemon-kid
gloves, embroidered shirt and frill, waistcoat more or less
variegated,--in short, with all the external symptoms of profound
A month before the conference of the duchess and her confessor, Madame
Schontz had confided the secret of her birth and her real name to
Fabien, who did not in the least understand the motive of the
confidence. A fortnight later, Madame Schontz, surprised at this want
of intelligence, suddenly exclaimed to herself:--
"Heavens! how stupid I am! he expects me to love him for himself."
Accordingly the next day she took the Heir in her /caleche/ to the
Bois, for she now had two little carriages, drawn by two horses. In
the course of this public /tete-a-tete/ she opened the question of her
future, and declared that she wished to marry.
"I have seven hundred thousand francs," she said, "and I admit to you
that if I could find a man full of ambition, who knew how to
understand my character, I would change my position; for do you know
what is the dream of my life? To become a true bourgeoise, enter an
honorable family, and make my husband and children truly happy."
The Norman would fain be "distinguished" by Madame Schontz, but as for
marrying her, that folly seemed debatable to a bachelor of thirty-
eight whom the revolution of July had made a judge. Seeing his
hesitation, Madame Schontz made the Heir the butt of her wit, her
jests, and her disdain, and turned to Couture. Within a week, the
latter, whom she put upon the scent of her fortune, had offered his
hand, and heart, and future,--three things of about the same value.
The manoeuvres of Madame Schontz had reached this stage of proceeding,
when Madame de Grandlieu began her inquiries into the life and habits
of the Beatrix of the Place Saint-Georges.
THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL RELATIONS AND POSITION
In accordance with the advice of the Abbe Brossette the Duchesse de
Grandlieu asked the Marquis d'Ajuda to bring her that king of
political cut-throats, the celebrated Comte Maxime de Trailles,
archduke of Bohemia, the youngest of young men, though he was now
fully fifty years of age. Monsieur d'Ajuda arranged to dine with
Maxime at the club in the rue de Beuane, and proposed to him after
dinner to go and play dummy whist with the Duc de Grandlieu, who had
an attack of gout and was all alone.
Though the son-in-law of the duke and the cousin of the duchess had
every right to present him in a salon where he had never yet set foot,
Maxime de Trailles did not deceive himself as to the meaning of an
invitation thus given. He felt certain that the duke or the duchess
had some need of him. Club life where men play cards with other men
whom they do not receive in their own houses is by no means one of the
most trifling signs of the present age.
The Duc de Grandlieu did Maxime the honor of appearing to suffer from
his gout. After several games of whist he went to bed, leaving his
wife /tete-a-tete/ with Maxime and d'Ajuda. The duchess, seconded by
the marquis, communicated her project to Monsieur de Trailles, and
asked his assistance, while ostensibly asking only for his advice.
Maxime listened to the end without committing himself, and waited till
the duchess should ask point-blank for his co-operation before
"Madame, I fully understand you," he then said, casting on her and the
marquis one of those shrewd, penetrating, astute, comprehensive
glances by which such great scamps compromise their interlocutors.
"D'Ajuda will tell you that if any one in Paris can conduct that
difficult negotiation, it is I,--of course without mixing you up in
it; without its being even known that I have come here this evening.
Only, before anything is done, we must settle preliminaries. How much
are you willing to sacrifice?"
"All that is necessary."
"Very well, then, Madame la duchesse. As the price of my efforts you
must do me the honor to receive in your house and seriously protect
Madame la Comtesse de Trailles."
"What! are you married?" cried d'Ajuda.
"I shall be married within a fortnight to the heiress of a rich but
extremely bourgeois family,--a sacrifice to opinion! I imbibe the very
spirit of my government, and start upon a new career. Consequently,
Madame la duchesse will understand how important it is to me to have
my wife adopted by her and by her family. I am certain of being made
deputy by the resignation of my father-in-law, and I am promised a
diplomatic post in keeping with my new fortune. I do not see why my
wife should not be as well received as Madame de Portenduere in that
society of young women which includes Mesdames de la Bastie, Georges
de Maufrigneuse, de L'Estorade, du Guenic, d'Ajuda, de Restaud, de
Rastignac, de Vandenesse. My wife is pretty, and I will undertake to
/un-cotton-night-cap/ her. Will this suit you, Madame la duchesse? You
are religious, and if you say yes, your promise, which I know to be
sacred, will greatly aid in my change of life. It will be one more
good action to your account. Alas! I have long been the king of
/mauvais sujets/, and I want to make an end of it. After all, we bear,
azure, a wivern or, darting fire, ongle gules, and scaled vert, a
chief ermine, from the time of Francois I., who thought proper to
ennoble the valet of Louis XI., and we have been counts since
Catherine de' Medici."
"I will receive and protect your wife," said the duchess, solemnly,
"and my family will not turn its back upon her; I give you my word."
"Ah! Madame la duchesse," cried Maxime, visibly touched, "if Monsieur
le duc would also deign to treat me with some kindness, I promise you
to make your plan succeed without its costing you very much. But," he
continued after a pause, "you must take upon yourself to follow my
instructions. This is the last intrigue of my bachelor life; it must
be all the better managed because it concerns a good action," he
"Follow your instructions!" said the duchess. "Then I must appear in
"Ah! madame, I will not compromise you," cried Maxime. "I esteem you
too much to demand guarantees. I merely mean that you must follow my
advice. For example, it will be necessary that du Guenic be taken away
by his wife for at least two years; she must show him Switzerland,
Italy, Germany,--in short, all possible countries."
"Ah! you confirm a fear of my director," said the duchess, naively,
remembering the judicious objection of the Abbe Brossette.
Maxime and d'Ajuda could not refrain from smiling at the idea of this
agreement between heaven and hell.
"To prevent Madame de Rochefide from ever seeing Calyste again," she
continued, "we will all travel, Juste and his wife, Calyste, Sabine,
and I. I will leave Clotilde with her father--"
"It is too soon to sing victory, madame," said Maxime. "I foresee
enormous difficulties; though I shall no doubt vanquish them. Your
esteem and your protection are rewards which would make me commit the
vilest actions, but these will be--"
"The vilest actions!" cried the duchess, interrupting this modern
condottiere, and showing on her countenance as much disgust as
"And you would share them, madame, inasmuch as I am only your agent.
But are you ignorant of the degree of blindness to which Madame de
Rochefide has brought your son-in-law? I know it from Canalis and
Nathan, between whom she was hesitating when Calyste threw himself
into the lioness's jaws. Beatrix has contrived to persuade that
serious Breton that she has never loved any one but him; that she is
virtuous; that Conti was merely a sentimental head-love in which
neither the heart nor the rest of it had any part,--a musical love, in
short! As for Rochefide, that was duty. So, you understand, she is
virgin!--a fact she proves by forgetting her son, whom for more than a
year she has not made the slightest attempt to see. The truth is, the
little count will soon be twelve years old, and he finds in Madame
Schontz a mother who is all the more a mother because maternity is, as
you know, a passion with women of that sort. Du Guenic would let
himself be cut in pieces, and would chop up his wife for Beatrix; and
you think it is an easy matter to drag a man from the depths of such
credulity! Ah! madame, Shakespeare's Iago would lose all his
handkerchiefs. People think that Othello, or his younger brother,
Orosmanes, or Saint-Preux, Rene, Werther, and other lovers now in
possession of fame, represented love! Never did their frosty-hearted
fathers know what absolute love is; Moliere alone conceived it. Love,
Madame la duchesse, is not loving a noble woman, a Clarissa--a great
effort, faith! Love is to say to one's self: 'She whom I love is
infamous; she deceives me, she will deceive me; she is an abandoned
creature, she smells of the frying of hell-fire;' but we rush to her,
we find there the blue of heaven, the flowers of Paradise. That is how
Moliere loved, and how we, scamps that we are! how we love. As for me,
I weep at the great scene of Arnolphe. Now, that is how your son-in-
law loves Beatrix. I shall have trouble separating Rochefide from
Madame Schontz; but Madame Schontz will no doubt lend herself to the
plot; I shall study her interior. But as for Calyste and Beatrix, they
will need the blows of an axe, far deeper treachery, and so base an
infamy that your virtuous imagination could never descend to it--
unless indeed your director gave you a hand. You have asked the
impossible, you shall be obeyed. But in spite of my settled intention
to war with fire and sword, I cannot absolutely promise you success. I
have known lovers who did not recoil before the most awful
disillusions. You are too virtuous to know the full power of women who
are not virtuous."
"Do not enter upon those infamous actions until I have consulted the
Abbe Brossette to know how far I may be your accomplice," cried the
duchess, with a naivete which disclosed what selfishness there is in
"You shall be ignorant of everything, my dear mother," interposed
On the portico, while the carriage of the marquis was drawing up,
d'Ajuda said to Maxime:--
"You frightened that good duchess."
"But she has no idea of the difficulty of what she asks. Let us go to
the Jockey Club; Rochefide must invite me to dine with Madame Schontz
to-morrow, for to-night my plan will be made, and I shall have chosen
the pawns on my chess-board to carry it out. In the days of her
splendor Beatrix refused to receive me; I intend to pay off that
score, and I will avenge your sister-in-law so cruelly that perhaps
she will find herself too well revenged."
The next day Rochefide told Madame Schontz that Maxime de Trailles was
coming to dinner. That meant notifying her to display all her luxury,
and prepare the choicest food for this connoisseur emeritus, whom all
the women of the Madame Schontz type were in awe of. Madame Schontz
herself thought as much of her toilet as of putting her house in a
state to receive this personage.
In Paris there are as many royalties as there are varieties of art,
mental and moral specialties, sciences, professions; the strongest and
most capable of the men who practise them has a majesty which is all
his own; he is appreciated, respected by his peers, who know the
difficulties of his art or profession, and whose admiration is given
to the man who surmounts them. Maxime was, in the eyes of /rats/ and
courtesans, an extremely powerful and capable man, who had known how
to make himself excessively loved. He was also admired by men who knew
how difficult it is to live in Paris on good terms with creditors; in
short, he had never had any other rival in elegance, deportment, and
wit than the illustrious de Marsay, who frequently employed him on
political missions. All this will suffice to explain his interview
with the duchess, his prestige with Madame Schontz, and the authority
of his words in a conference which he intended to have on the
boulevard des Italiens with a young man already well-known, though
lately arrived, in the Bohemia of Paris.
A PRINCE OF BOHEMIA
The next day, when Maxime de Trailles rose, Finot (whom he had
summoned the night before) was announced. Maxime requested his visitor
to arrange, as if by accident, a breakfast at the cafe Anglais, where
Finot, Couture, and Lousteau should gossip beside him. Finot, whose
position toward the Comte de Trailles was that of a sub-lieutenant
before a marshall of France, could refuse him nothing; it was
altogether too dangerous to annoy that lion. Consequently, when Maxime
came to the breakfast, he found Finot and his two friends at table and
the conversation already started on Madame Schontz, about whom
Couture, well manoeuvred by Finot and Lousteau (Lousteau being, though
not aware of it, Finot's tool), revealed to the Comte de Trailles all
that he wanted to know about her.
About one o'clock, Maxime was chewing a toothpick and talking with du
Tillet on Tortoni's portico, where speculation held a little Bourse, a
sort of prelude to the great one. He seemed to be engaged in business,
but he was really awaiting the Comte de la Palferine, who, within a
given time, was certain to pass that way. The boulevard des Italiens
is to-day what the Pont Neuf was in 1650; all persons known to fame
pass along it once, at least, in the course of the day. Accordingly,
at the end of about ten minutes, Maxime dropped du Tillet's arm, and
nodding to the young Prince of Bohemia said, smiling:--
"One word with you, count."
The two rivals in their own principality, the one orb on its decline,
the other like the rising sun, sat down upon four chairs before the
Cafe de Paris. Maxime took care to place a certain distance between
himself and some old fellows who habitually sunned themselves like
wall-fruit at that hour in the afternoon, to dry out their rheumatic
affections. He had excellent reasons for distrusting old men.
"Have you debts?" said Maxime, to the young count.
"If I had none, should I be worthy of being your successor?" replied
"In putting that question to you I don't place the matter in doubt; I
only want to know if the total is reasonable; if it goes to the five
or the six?"
"Figures; whether you owe fifty or one hundred thousand? I have owed,
myself, as much as six hundred thousand."
La Palferine raised his hat with an air as respectful as it was
"If I had sufficient credit to borrow a hundred thousand francs," he
replied, "I should forget my creditors and go and pass my life in
Venice, amid masterpieces of painting and pretty women and--"
"And at my age what would you be?" asked Maxime.
"I should never reach it," replied the young count.
Maxime returned the civility of his rival, and touched his hat lightly
with an air of laughable gravity.
"That's one way of looking at life," he replied in the tone of one
connoisseur to another. "You owe--?"
"Oh! a mere trifle, unworthy of being confessed to an uncle; he would
disinherit me for such a paltry sum,--six thousand."
"One is often more hampered by six thousand than by a hundred
thousand," said Maxime, sententiously. "La Palferine, you've a bold
spirit, and you have even more spirit than boldness; you can go far,
and make yourself a position. Let me tell you that of all those who
have rushed into the career at the close of which I now am, and who
have tried to oppose me, you are the only one who has ever pleased
La Palferine colored, so flattered was he by this avowal made with
gracious good-humor by the leader of Parisian adventurers. This action
of his own vanity was however a recognition of inferiority which
wounded him; but Maxime divined that unpleasant reaction, easy to
foresee in so clever a mind, and he applied a balm instantly by
putting himself at the discretion of the young man.
"Will you do something for me that will facilitate my retreat from the
Olympic circus by a fine marriage? I will do as much for you."
"You make me very proud; it realizes the fable of the Rat and the
Lion," said La Palferine.
"I shall begin by lending you twenty thousand francs," continued
"Twenty thousand francs! I knew very well that by dint of walking up
and down this boulevard--" said La Palferine, in the style of a
"My dear fellow, you must put yourself on a certain footing," said
Maxime, laughing. "Don't go on your own two feet, have six; do as I
do, I never get out of my tilbury."
"But you must be going to ask me for something beyond my powers."
"No, it is only to make a woman love you within a fortnight."
"Is it a lorette?"
"Because that's impossible; but if it concerns a woman, and a well-
bred one who is also clever--"
"She is a very illustrious marquise."
"You want her letters?" said the young count.
"Ah! you are after my own heart!" cried Maxime. "No, that's not it."
"Then you want me to love her?"
"Yes, in the real sense--"
"If I am to abandon the aesthetic, it is utterly impossible," said La
Palferine. "I have, don't you see, as to women a certain honor; we may
play the fool with them, but not--"
"Ah! I was not mistaken!" cried Maxime. "Do you think I'm a man to
propose mere twopenny infamies to you? No, you must go, and dazzle,
and conquer. My good mate, I give you twenty thousand francs, and ten
days in which to triumph. Meet me to-night at Madame Schontz'."
"I dine there."
"Very good," returned Maxime. "Later, when you have need of me,
Monsieur le comte, you will find me," he added in the tone of a king
who binds himself, but promises nothing.
"This poor woman must have done you some deadly harm," said La
"Don't try to throw a plummet-line into my waters, my boy; and let me
tell you that in case of success you will obtain such powerful
influence that you will be able, like me, to retire upon a fine
marriage when you are bored with your bohemian life."
"Comes there a time when it is a bore to amuse one's self," said La
Palferine, "to be nothing, to live like the birds, to hunt the fields
of Paris like a savage, and laugh at everything?"
"All things weary, even hell," said de Trailles, laughing. "Well, this
The two /roues/, the old and the young, rose. As Maxime got into his
one-horse equipage, he thought to himself: "Madame d'Espard can't
endure Beatrix; she will help me. Hotel de Grandlieu," he called out
to the coachman, observing that Rastignac was just passing him.
Find a great man without some weakness!
The duchess, Madame du Guenic, and Clotilde were evidently weeping.
"What is the matter?" he asked the duchess.
"Calyste did not come home; this is the first time; my poor daughter
is in despair."
"Madame la duchesse," said Maxime, drawing the pious lady into the
embrasure of a window, "for Heaven's sake keep the utmost secrecy as
to my efforts, and ask d'Ajuda to do the same; for if Calyste ever
hears of our plot there will be a duel between him and me to the
death. When I told you that the affair would not cost much, I meant
that you would not be obliged to spend enormous sums; but I do want
twenty thousand francs; the rest is my affair; there may be important
places to be given, a receiver-generalship possibly."
The duchess and Maxime left the room. When Madame de Grandlieu
returned to her daughter, she again listened to Sabine's dithyrambics
inlaid with family facts even more cruel than those which had already
crushed the young wife's happiness.
"Don't be so troubled, my darling," said the duchess. "Beatrix will
pay dear for your tears and sufferings; the hand of Satan is upon her;
she will meet with ten humiliations for every one she has inflicted
Madame Schontz had invited Claude Vignon, who, on several occasions,
had expressed a wish to know Maxime de Trailles personally. She also
invited Couture, Fabien, Bixiou, Leon de Lora, La Palferine, and
Nathan. The latter was asked by Rochefide on account of Maxime.
Aurelie thus expected nine guests, all men of the first ability, with
the exception of du Ronceret; but the Norman vanity and the brutal
ambition of the Heir were fully on a par with Claude Vignon's literary
power, Nathan's poetic gift, La Palferine's /finesse/, Couture's
financial eye, Bixiou's wit, Finot's shrewdness, Maxime's profound
diplomacy, and Leon de Lora's genius.
Madame Schontz, anxious to appear both young and beautiful, armed
herself with a toilet which that sort of woman has the art of making.
She wore a guipure pelerine of spidery texture, a gown of blue velvet,
the graceful corsage of which was buttoned with opals, and her hair in
bands as smooth and shining as ebony. Madame Schontz owed her
celebrity as a pretty woman to the brilliancy and freshness of a
complexion as white and warm as that of Creoles, to a face full of
spirited details, the features of which were clearly and firmly drawn,
--a type long presented in perennial youth by the Comtesse Merlin, and
which is perhaps peculiar to Southern races. Unhappily, little Madame
Schontz had tended towards ebonpoint ever since her life had become so
happy and calm. Her neck, of exquisite roundness, was beginning to
take on flesh about the shoulders; but in France the heads of women
are principally treasured; so that fine heads will often keep an ill-
formed body unobserved.
"My dear child," said Maxime, coming in and kissing Madame Schontz on
the forehead, "Rochefide wanted me to see your establishment; why, it
is almost in keeping with his four hundred thousand francs a year.
Well, well, he would never have had them if he hadn't known you. In
less than five years you have made him save what others--Antonia,
Malaga, Cadine, or Florentine--would have made him lose."
"I am not a lorette, I am an artist," said Madame Schontz, with a sort
of dignity, "I hope to end, as they say on the stage, as the
progenitrix of honest men."
"It is dreadful, but we are all marrying," returned Maxime, throwing
himself into an armchair beside the fire. "Here am I, on the point of
making a Comtesse Maxime."
"Oh, how I should like to see her!" exclaimed Madame Schontz. "But
permit me to present to you Monsieur Claude Vignon--Monsieur Claude
Vignon, Monsieur de Trailles."
"Ah, so you are the man who allowed Camille Maupin, the innkeeper of
literature, to go into a convent?" cried Maxime. "After you, God. I
never received such an honor. Mademoiselle des Touches treated you,
monsieur, as though you were Louis XIV."
"That is how history is written!" replied Claude Vignon. "Don't you
know that her fortune was used to free the Baron du Guenic's estates?
Ah! if she only knew that Calyste now belongs to her ex-friend,"
(Maxime pushed the critic's foot, motioning to Rochefide), "she would
issue from her convent, I do believe, to tear him from her."
"Upon my word, Rochefide, if I were you," said Maxime, finding that
his warning did not stop Vignon, "I should give back my wife's
fortune, so that the world couldn't say she attached herself to
Calyste from necessity."
"Maxime is right," remarked Madame Schontz, looking at Arthur, who
colored high. "If I have helped you to gain several thousand francs a
year, you couldn't better employ them. I shall have made the happiness
of husband /and/ wife; what a feather in my cap!"
"I never thought of it," replied the marquis; "but a man should be a
gentleman before he's a husband."
"Let me tell you when is the time to be generous," said Maxime.
"Arthur," said Aurelie, "Maxime is right. Don't you see, old fellow,
that generous actions are like Couture's investments?--you should make
them in the nick of time."
At that moment Couture, followed by Finot, came in; and, soon after,
all the guests were assembled in the beautiful blue and gold salon of
the hotel Schontz, a title which the various artists had given to
their inn after Rochefide purchased it for his Ninon II. When Maxime
saw La Palferine, the last to arrive, enter, he walked up to his
lieutenant, and taking him aside into the recess of a window, gave him
notes for twenty thousand francs.
"Remember, my boy, you needn't economize them," he said, with the
particular grace of a true scamp.
"There's none but you who can double the value of what you seem to
give," replied La Palferine.
"Have you decided?"
"Surely, inasmuch as I take the money," said the count, with a mixture
of haughtiness and jest.
"Well, then, Nathan, who is here to-night, will present you two days
hence at the house of Madame la Marquise de Rochefide."
La Palferine started when he heard the name.
"You are to be madly in love with her, and, not to rouse suspicion,
drink heavily, wines, liqueurs! I'll tell Aurelie to place you beside
Nathan at dinner. One thing more, my boy: you and I must meet every
night, on the boulevard de la Madeleine at one in the morning,--you to
give me an account of progress, I to give you instructions."
"I shall be there, my master," said the young count, bowing.
"Why do you make us dine with that queer fellow dressed like the head-
waiter of a restaurant?" whispered Maxime to Madame Schontz, with a
sign toward Fabien du Ronceret.
"Have you never met the Heir? Du Ronceret of Alencon."
"Monsieur," said Maxime to Fabien, "I think you must know my friend
"Victurnien has ceased to know me for some time," replied Fabien, "but
we used to be very intimate in our youth."
The dinner was one of those which are given nowhere but in Paris by
these great female spendthrifts, for the choiceness of their
preparations often surprise the most fastidious of guests. It was at
just such a supper, at the house of a courtesan as handsome and rich
as Madame Schontz, that Paganini declared he had never eaten such fare
at the table of any sovereign, nor drunk such wines with any prince,
nor heard such witty conversation, nor seen the glitter of such
Maxime and Madame Schontz were the first to re-enter the salon, about
ten o'clock, leaving the other guests, who had ceased to tell
anecdotes and were now boasting of their various good qualities, with
their viscous lips glued to the glasses which they could not drain.
"Well, my dear," said Maxime, "you are not mistaken; yes, I have come
for your /beaux yeux/ and for help in a great affair. You must leave
Arthur; but I pledge myself to make him give you two hundred thousand
"Why should I leave the poor fellow?"
"To marry that idiot, who seems to have been sent from Alencon
expressly for the purpose. He has been a judge, and I'll have him made
chief-justice in place of Emile Blondet's father, who is getting to be
eighty years old. Now, if you know how to sail your boat, your husband
can be elected deputy. You will both be personages, and you can then
look down on Madame la Comtesse du Bruel."
"Never!" said Madame Schontz; "she's a countess."
"Hasn't he condition enough to be made a count?"
"By the bye, he bears arms," cried Aurelie, hunting for a letter in an
elegant bag hanging at the corner of the fireplace, and giving it to
Maxime. "What do they mean? Here are combs."
"He bears: per fesse argent and azure; on the first, three combs
gules, two and one, crossed by three bunches grapes purpure, leaved
vert, one and two; on the second, four feathers or, placed fretwise,
with /Servir/ for motto, and a squire's helmet. It is not much; it
seems they were ennobled under Louis XIV.; some mercer was doubtless
their grandfather, and the maternal line must have made its money in
wines; the du Ronceret whom the king ennobled was probably an usher.
But if you get rid of Arthur and marry du Ronceret, I promise you he
shall be a baron at the very least. But you see, my dear, you'll have
to soak yourself for five or six years in the provinces if you want to
bury La Schontz in a baroness. That queer creature has been casting
looks at you, the meaning of which is perfectly clear. You've got
"No," replied Aurelie, "when my hand was offered to him he remained,
like the brandies I read of to-day in the market reports, /dull/."
"I will undertake to decide him--if he is drunk. Go and see where they
"It is not worth while to go; I hear no one but Bixiou, who is making
jokes to which nobody listens. But I know my Arthur; he feels bound to
be polite, and he is probably looking at Bixiou with his eyes shut."
"Let us go back, then."
"/Ah ca!/" said Madame Schontz, suddenly stopping short, "in whose
interest shall I be working?"
"In that of Madame de Rochefide," replied Maxime, promptly. "It is
impossible to reconcile her with Rochefide as long as you hold him.
Her object is to recover her place as head of his household and the
enjoyment of four hundred thousand francs a year."
"And she offers me only two hundred thousand! I want three hundred
thousand, since the affair concerns her. What! haven't I taken care of
her brat and her husband? I have filled her place in every way--and
does she think to bargain with me? With that, my dear Maxime, I shall
have a million; and if you'll promise me the chief-justiceship at
Alencon, I can hold my own as Madame du Ronceret."
"That's settled," said Maxime.
"Oh! won't it be dull to live in that little town!" cried Aurelie,
philosophically. "I have heard so much of that province from
d'Esgrignon and the Val-Noble that I seem to have lived there
"Suppose I promise you the support of the nobility?"
"Ah! Maxime, you don't mean that?--but the pigeon won't fly."
"And he is very ugly with his purple skin and bristles for whiskers;
he looks like a wild boar with the eyes of a bird of prey. But he'll
make the finest chief-justice of a provincial court. Now don't be
uneasy! in ten minutes he shall be singing to you Isabelle's air in
the fourth act of Robert le Diable: 'At thy feet I kneel'--you
promise, don't you? to send Arthur back to Beatrix?"
"It will be difficult; but perseverance wins."
About half-past ten o'clock the guests returned to the salon for
coffee. Under the circumstances in which Madame Schontz, Couture, and
du Ronceret were placed, it is easy to imagine the effect produced
upon the Heir by the following conversation which Maxime held with
Couture in a corner and in a low voice, but so placed that Fabien
could listen to them.
"My dear Couture, if you want to lead a steady life you had better
accept a receiver-generalship which Madame de Rochefide will obtain
for you. Aurelie's million will furnish the security, and you'll share
the property in marrying her. You can be made deputy, if you know how
to trim your sails; and the premium I want for thus saving you is your
vote in the chamber."
"I shall always be proud to be a follower of yours."
"Ah! my dear fellow, you have had quite an escape. Just imagine!
Aurelie took a fancy for that Norman from Alencon; she asked to have
him made a baron, and chief-justice in his native town, and officer of
the Legion of honor! The fool never guessed her value, and you will
owe your fortune to her disappointment. You had better not leave that
clever creature time for reflection. As for me, I am already putting
the irons in the fire."
And Maxime left Couture at the summit of happiness, saying to La
Palferine, "Shall I drive you home, my boy?"
By eleven o'clock Aurelie was alone with Couture, Fabien, and
Rochefide. Arthur was asleep on a sofa. Couture and Fabien each tried
to outstay the other, without success; and Madame Schontz finally
terminated the struggle by saying to Couture,--
"Good-night, I shall see you to-morrow."
A dismissal which he took in good part.
"Mademoiselle," said Fabien, in a low voice, "because you saw me
thoughtful at the offer which you indirectly made to me, do not think
there was the slightest hesitation on my part. But you do not know my
mother; she would never consent to my happiness."
"You have reached an age for respectful summons," retorted Aurelie,
insolently. "But if you are afraid of mamma you won't do for me."
"Josephine!" said the Heir, tenderly, passing his arm audaciously
round Madame Schontz' waist, "I thought you loved me!"
"Perhaps I could appease my mother, and obtain her consent."
"If you would employ your influence--"
"To have you made baron, officer of the Legion of honor, and chief-
justice at Alencon,--is that it, my friend? Listen to me: I have done
so many things in my life that I am capable of virtue. I can be an
honest woman and a loyal wife; and I can push my husband very high.
But I wish to be loved by him without one look or one thought being
turned away from me. Does that suit you? Don't bind yourself
imprudently; it concerns your whole life, my little man."
"With a woman like you I can do it blind," cried Fabien, intoxicated
by the glance she gave him as much as by the liqueurs des Iles.
"You shall never repent that word, my dear; you shall be peer of
France. As for that poor old fellow," she continued, looking at
Rochefide, who was sound asleep, "after to-day I have d-o-n-e with
Fabien caught Madame Schontz around the waist and kissed her with an
impulse of fury and joy, in which the double intoxication of wine and
love was secondary to ambition.
"Remember, my dear child," she said, "the respect you ought to show to
your wife; don't play the lover; leave me free to retire from my mud-
hole in a proper manner. Poor Couture, who thought himself sure of
wealth and a receiver-generalship!"
"I have a horror of that man," said Fabien; "I wish I might never see
"I will not receive him any more," replied Madame Schontz, with a
prudish little air. "Now that we have come to an understanding, my
Fabien, you must go; it is one o'clock."
This little scene gave birth in the household of Arthur and Aurelie
(so completely happy until now) to a phase of domestic warfare
produced in the bosom of all homes by some secret and alien interest
in one of the partners. The next day when Arthur awoke he found Madame
Schontz as frigid as that class of woman knows how to make herself.
"What happened last night?" he said, as he breakfasted, looking at
"What often happens in Paris," she replied, "one goes to bed in damp
weather and the next morning the pavements are dry and frozen so hard
that they are dusty. Do you want a brush?"
"What's the matter with you, dearest?"
"Go and find your great scarecrow of a wife!"
"My wife!" exclaimed the poor marquis.
"Don't I know why you brought Maxime here? You mean to make up with
Madame de Rochefide, who wants you perhaps for some indiscreet brat.
And I, whom you call so clever, I advised you to give back her
fortune! Oh! I see your scheme. At the end of five years Monsieur is
tired of me. I'm getting fat, Beatrix is all bones--it will be a
change for you! You are not the first I've known to like skeletons.
Your Beatrix knows how to dress herself, that's true; and you are man
who likes figure-heads. Besides, you want to send Monsieur du Guenic
to the right-about. It will be a triumph! You'll cut quite an
appearance in the world! How people will talk of it! Why! you'll be a
Madame Schontz did not make an end of her sarcasms for two hours after
mid-day, in spite of Arthur's protestations. She then said she was
invited out to dinner, and advised her "faithless one" to go without
her to the Opera, for she herself was going to the Ambigu-Comique to
meet Madame de la Baudraye, a charming woman, a friend of Lousteau.
Arthur proposed, as proof of his eternal attachment to his little
Aurelie and his detestation of his wife, to start the next day for
Italy, and live as a married couple in Rome, Naples, Florence,--in
short, wherever she liked, offering her a gift of sixty thousand
"All that is nonsense," she said. "It won't prevent you from making up
with your wife, and you'll do a wise thing."
Arthur and Aurelie parted on this formidable dialogue, he to play
cards and dine at the club, she to dress and spend the evening /tete-
a-tete/ with Fabien.
Monsieur de Rochefide found Maxime at the club, and complained to him
like a man who feels that his happiness is being torn from his heart
by the roots, every fibre of which clung to it. Maxime listened to his
moans, as persons of social politeness are accustomed to listen, while
thinking of other things.
"I'm a man of good counsel in such matters, my dear fellow," he
answered. "Well, let me tell you, you are on the wrong road in letting
Aurelie see how dear she is to you. Allow me to present you to Madame
Antonia. There's a heart to let. You'll soon see La Schontz with other
eyes. She is thirty-seven years old, that Schontz of yours, and Madame
Antonia is only twenty-six! And what a woman! I may say she is my
pupil. If Madame Schontz persists in keeping on the hind heels of her
pride, don't you know what that means?"
"That she wants to marry, and if that's the case, nothing can hinder
her from leaving you. After a lease of six years a woman has a right
to do so. Now, if you will only listen to me, you can do a better
thing for yourself. Your wife is to-day worth more than all the
Schontzes and Antonias of the quartier Saint-Georges. I admit the
conquest is difficult, but it is not impossible; and after all that
has happened she will make you as happy as an Orgon. In any case, you
mustn't look like a fool; come and sup to-night with Antonia."
"No, I love Aurelie too well; I won't give her any reason to complain
"Ah! my dear fellow, what a future you are preparing for yourself!"
"It is eleven o'clock; she must have returned from the Ambigu," said
Rochefide, leaving the club.
And he called out his coachman to drive at top speed to the rue de la
Madame Schontz had given precise directions; monsieur could enter as
master with the fullest understanding of madame; but, warned by the
noise of monsieur's arrival, madame had so arranged that the sound of
her dressing-door closing as women's doors do close when they are
surprised, was to reach monsieur's ears. Then, at a corner of the
piano, Fabien's hat, forgotten intentionally, was removed very
awkwardly by a maid the moment after monsieur had entered the room.
"Did you go to the Ambigu, my little girl?"
"No, I changed my mind, and stayed at home to play music."
"Who came to see you?" asked the marquis, good-humoredly, seeing the
hat carried off by the maid.
At that audacious falsehood Arthur bowed his head; he passed beneath
the Caudine forks of submission. A real love descends at times to
these sublime meannesses. Arthur behaved with Madame Schontz as Sabine
with Calyste, and Calyste with Beatrix.
Within a week the transition from larva to butterfly took place in the
young, handsome, and clever Charles-Edouard, Comte Rusticoli de la
Palferine. Until this moment of his life he had lived miserably,
covering his deficits with an audacity equal to that of Danton. But he
now paid his debts; he now, by advice of Maxime, had a little
carriage; he was admitted to the Jockey Club and to the club of the
rue de Gramont; he became supremely elegant, and he published in the
"Journal des Debats" a novelette which won him in a few days a
reputation which authors by profession obtain after years of toil and
successes only; for there is nothing so usurping in Paris as that
which ought to be ephemeral. Nathan, very certain that the count would
never publish anything else, lauded the graceful and presuming young
man so highly to Beatrix that she, spurred by the praise of the poet,
expressed a strong desire to see this king of the vagabonds of good
"He will be all the more delighted to come here," replied Nathan,
"because, as I happen to know, he has fallen in love with you to the
point of committing all sorts of follies."
"But I am told he has already committed them."
"No, not all; he has not yet committed that of falling in love with a
Some ten days after the scheme plotted on the boulevard between Maxime
and his henchman, the seductive Charles-Edouard, the latter, to whom
Nature had given, no doubt sarcastically, a face of charming
melancholy, made his first irruption into the nest of the dove of the
rue de Chartres, who took for his reception an evening when Calyste
was obliged to go to a party with his wife.
If you should ever meet La Palferine you will understand perfectly the
success obtained in a single evening by that sparkling mind, that
animated fancy, especially if you take into consideration the
admirable adroitness of the showman who consented to superintend this
debut. Nathan was a good comrade, and he made the young count shine,
as a jeweller showing off an ornament in hopes to sell it, makes the
diamonds glitter. La Palferine was, discreetly, the first to withdraw;
he left Nathan and the marquise together, relying on the collaboration
of the celebrated author, which was admirable. Seeing that Beatrix was
|
<urn:uuid:a7d86da1-d6e6-40e9-9f0c-2a9790602dd5>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.fulltextarchive.com/page/Beatrixx62826/
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|
en
| 0.964824
| 25,609
| 1.578125
| 2
|
The Interactive Entertainment Association of Australia have released their third annual survey of the state of videogames and videogamers in Australia, Interactive Australia 2009. From the key findings (PDF):
• 88% of homes have a device for playing computer or video games.
• 68% of Australians play computer or video games.
• 46% of gamers are female.
• The average age of an Australian gamer is 30 years.
• 84% of Australians aged 16-25 compared with those 50+ play computer and video games.
• The average adult gamer has been playing for 11 years.
• Half of all gamers play daily or every other day, a quarter play once a week.
• The average game play session is one hour.
So, in line with international trends, the majority of Australians play videogames, there is close to a gender balance, and far from being exclusively for children, the average age for a videogame player is well into legal adulthood at 30 years old. Moreover, most adults see videogame play as something that should be supervised:
• 70% of parents in game households play computer and video games, 80% of these parents play them with their children.
• 78% of parents say an adult is present when games are purchased for their children,
• 92% of parents say they are aware of the games played in their homes.
• 75% of all computer and video games classified in Australia are G or PG (Classification Board).
Also not necessarily surprising is that most adults in Australia presume that there is an R18+ rating for videogames (there isn’t):
• 63% of adults do not know that Australia has no R18+ for computer and video games.
• 91% of adults (including gamers and non-gamers) say Australia should have an R18+ classification for games.
• 17% of adults in game households admit to having pirated games in their collections with nearly 10% of all games in Australian homes being illegal copies.
If that 91% figure isn’t clear evidence that the ratings system for videogames in Australia desperately needs and overhaul to, at the very least, include and R18+ videogame category, I don’t know what is! More to the point, if that last figure about game piracy isn’t directly related to the censored, or entirely banned, videogames intended for adults being downloaded in their original form, then I’ll eat my digital hat!
The final finding that stood out for me was:
• 75% of gamers say interactivity in games makes them more educational than other media, 89% of non-gamers say interactivity makes games more violent than other media.
Despite there being no conclusive evidence as to what impact the interactivity of games ‘really’ has, it’s noteworthy that most players presume games can be both educational and can cause more violent thoughts than other media (presumably viewed as more passive). You can view the full Interactive Australia 2009 report online as a PDF.
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<urn:uuid:a5dc3821-2699-4da3-93e8-091a596e5756>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.tamaleaver.net/2008/10/29/interactive-australia-2009-report/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00252-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
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|
Understanding addiction is easier when we incorporate the soul
A Royal Road for Rehab Recidivists
How being special and different can work in your favour
Recidivists in rehab can be wonderful things…..just don’t tell the staff. For those returnees who treat ‘recovery’ like another school reunion are rarely popular.
‘Christ, they’re back,’ or, the even less friendly, ‘I thought they were dead by now,’ are often tempered with the more merciful ‘there but for the grace of God’. I exaggerate, but you get my drift.
What usually happens — certainly here in the UK — is that people who could not or would not adhere to ‘the programme’ are accused, rather angrily, of being ‘special and different’, with exasperated staff (usually recoverees themselves) throwing up their hands in horror and confused failure.
I think Rumi had it right when he said ‘Earth is a mirror of Heaven’. You see, what that means is everything here is backwards. We live in a realm of reflected light and keep looking in the world for satisfaction, wholeness and healing.
As I discovered on my own journey, it is only in turning back to the light of pure consciousness which resides in the heart that the veil begins to lift from our eyes. In the Sufi tradition, this turning is known as tauba. And it only happens after eons of evolution.
And paradoxically, it is often those clients, despairing and hopeless, who are ready.
Like my failing friends, I have always found much of the structure and language of the recovery movement off-putting, but one thing’s for sure, you do have to be sick and tired of being sick and tired. Didn’t Osho encourage devotees to follow all earthly impulses to their completion, Rumi too?
Carl Jung, the celebrated meta-magician, decreed that a pattern has to be exhausted before it is given up……but I didn’t know any of this back then — at least consciously. What I did know, was that a lot of those people who were given up on, even scapegoated, were special and different!
And what I have noticed time and time again is the ‘older’ and more beautiful the soul, the more difficult the karma — or that’s how it seems to me. There is an old Zen idea about having to expand ourselves to incorporate more and more of life, becoming one with all experience — the good, the bad and the ugly.
It’s the psyche’s equivalent of The Law of Diminishing Returns in economics. When there is more light around, there isn’t less darkness, there is more of both. This age of Kali Yuga is surely testament to that.
Good and bad is polarizing before our very eyes.
Meeting the poet-activist Robert Bly, author of Iron John, and spending time with the African chief and shaman Malidoma Some confirmed my inner knowing that addiction is a problem of soul and should be seen as such.
Often, specifically, it is connected with trauma and grief: the grief of not being recognised as soul. In Africa, the whole community will sing you into the world at birth, celebrating for days.
Indigenous cultures have remembered what we in our sophistication have forgotten: the soul is grand and needs to be honoured. We suffer when it is not.
It is a principle always worth bearing in mind when working in rehab and reminds one to look for the light amid the extremities of those dark nights of the soul, in both self and others.
In the end, what seemed to work with some chronic re-lapsers was to re-contextualise their experience in terms of the soul and its long journey over many lifetimes. If they were ready, if this was the news their soul was waiting for, it revolutionised their thinking and often their progress.
In India, the word pakka, speaks of this ripeness in the soul: the readiness is indeed all. I later discovered another missing ingredient: the shared karma between therapist and client. If there is a benign prior life connection with clients things will go swimmingly through a meeting contracted before this mortal life.
‘Each man’s soul demands that he be, and that he live, every great archetypal role in the collective unconscious: the betrayer and the betrayed, the lover and the beloved, the oppressor and the victim, the noble and the ignoble, the conqueror and the conquered, the warrior and the priest, the man of sorrows and the self reborn.’
Robert A Johnson
Yet if the soul of the client is not ready to turn and the karma with the therapist negative or non-existent, progress will be delayed for another lifetime, with more suffering on the agenda.
Of course, it is neither the language nor the methodology of the scientific community or the recovery movement, but some clients need us to think outside the box to be able to reveal them to themselves.
As therapists, it is perhaps also our duty, as Jung himself did, to explore our own hazardous hinterlands and take those clients who need it into the depths of their own being.
We have to understand the symbolic language of the soul, listen and see with what I call an eye and an ear for initiation, and excavate the darkness, often to reveal the most brilliant of lights.
A good understanding of ‘past’ or ‘other’ lives seems to really help as well an ability to look at an astrological birth chart from an evolutionary perspective to see what the soul is driving at. Transformation is always the case yet the specifics are different for each person.
We come from Oneness into Twoness and return to Oneness. The big question is will we do it before we die? That’s my plan.
Meanwhile, I am flying the flag for being special and different, so the soul, long forgotten and neglected, can receive the blessing it needs, which is always to be seen.
In fact, I quit working in rehab because this missing dimension is vital in my view.
If therapists can see the grandness of the soul, camouflaged behind the wounded ego, success is never far away.
© simon heathcote
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<urn:uuid:c1423980-cccd-46e7-8da0-e17bc38839c5>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://simonheathcote.medium.com/a-royal-road-for-rehab-recidivists-36b0a9751740?source=post_internal_links---------3----------------------------
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|
en
| 0.960739
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The University of Oregon Greenhouse Facility comprises more than 6,000 square feet of greenhouse space and a one-acre field to support research and teaching activities. The facility consists of a small greenhouse on the fourth floor of Onyx Bridge Hall, two large greenhouses near Campus Operations, and the Quonset with an incubator, growth chambers, drying ovens, potting bench, and more. The Greenhouse Facility serves as a core facility to support the research and teaching missions of faculty and students in multiple academic departments and institutes across the university, as well as multiple universities throughout the country. The facility is staffed by a part-time greenhouse manager and by student workers.
For inquiries about greenhouse use please contact:
UO Greenhouse Manager
The manager’s normal hours of availability are:
Mon: 7-10, 12:30-3:30; Tues: 7-9:30; Wed: 7-10; Thurs: 7-9:30; Fri: 7-1, or by appointment – users can be accommodated. Employees are present in morning, afternoons, and weekends on a daily basis.
|GREENHOUSE USAGE FEES (Effective July 2016)|
|Affiliate||Cost per sq/ft per month|
|Flat Rates||Cost per Month|
|Large Soil Bed||
|Small Soil Bed||
University of Oregon Academic: $20.00 hr
Oregon Universities: $30.00 hr
Commercial: $50.00 hr
|
<urn:uuid:0755a78a-03df-4dbe-bf24-fcd0f9d87022>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://uogreenhousefacility.uoregon.edu/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00109-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.869834
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| 1.523438
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about 1 month ago
Job Description :
Inspects, troubleshoots, repairs, overhauls and modifies aircraft systems and powerplants in accordance with established written procedures, specifications, and standards.
* ****Each individual that applies to perform a safety-sensitive function, will be required to undergo pre-employment drug testing for the presence of marijuana, cocaine, opiates, phencyclidine (PCP) and amphetamines*****
* Ability to read and speak English.
* Ability to comprehend documents such as safety rules, operating maintenance instructions and procedure manuals.
* Ability to write routine reports and correspondence.
* Ability to calculate figures and amounts such as proportions, percentages, area, circumference, and volume.
* Ability to apply concepts of basic algebra and geometry
* Ability to solve practical problems and deal with a variety of concrete variables in situations where only limited standardization exists.
* Ability to interpret a variety of instructions furnished in written, verbal, diagram and schedule form.
In order to perform the essential functions of this job, the employee is regularly required to stand and use hands to grasp, handle and/or feel, perform repetitive movements, twist and work overhead. The employee is frequently required to walk, reach with hands and arms, climb, balance, stoop, kneel, squat, sit, and/or crawl in/on aircraft. The employee must regularly lift and/or move up to 10 pounds, frequently lift and/or move up to 25 pounds and occasionally lift and/or move 50 pounds. Specific vision abilities required by this job include close vision, distance vision, color vision, peripheral vision, depth perception and ability to adjust focus.
While performing the essential functions of this job, the employee will be required to wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) as needed to perform job tasks. The employee will be exposed to moving mechanical parts; high precarious places and risk of electrical shock. The employee is occasionally exposed to wet and/or humid conditions; fumes or airborne particles; toxic or caustic chemicals; outside weather conditions; extreme cold; extreme heat; risk of radiation and vibration. The employee is occasionally exposed to wet and/or humid conditions. The noise level in the work environment can be loud and will require hearing protection. In addition, the employee shall promote an effective use of company and customer assets to ensure ground and flight safety. Employee must work in a safe and efficient manner while maintaining a clean, FOD-free work area.
Employee must provide own tools and tool box.
Experience in Depot level PDM maintenance on P3 and/or C-130 aircraft. Ability to identify and troubleshoot aircraft systems and components. Flight controls, engine and prop rigging experience a plus.
As a leading technology innovation company, Lockheed Martin's vast team works with partners around the world to bring proven performance to our customers' toughest challenges. Lockheed Martin has employees based in many states throughout the U.S., and Internationally, with business locations in many nations and territories.
Join us at Lockheed Martin, where we're engineering a better tomorrow.
Lockheed Martin is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, pregnancy, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, age, protected veteran status, or disability status.
Job Location(s): Greenville South Carolina
Security Clearance :
Business Unit :
ESS0343 AERONAUTICS COMPANY
Job Class :
Job Category :
Relocation Available :
Work Schedule :
9/80 A: (Autotime System)
Req Type :
Additional Posting Locations :
14 days ago
only 14 days until close
13 days ago
only 15 days until close
North America, United States, Ohio
$10k - $15k
|
<urn:uuid:c2217654-5f38-47a6-b89d-4c327f9d7669>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://us.inautomotive.com/job/mechanic-a-p-sr-7/7579714
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00205-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
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Jacob A. Riis (18491914). Theodore Roosevelt, the Citizen. 1904.
peace of the world has added, instead, to the prestige of The Hague Court of Arbitration through the wisdom and lofty public spirit of the American President. The man who was called hasty and unsafe has done more for the permanent peace of the world than all the diplomats of the day. The Panama Canal is at last to be a fact, with benefit which no one can reckon to the commerce of the world, of our land, and most of all to the Southern States, that are trying to wake up from their long sleep. I confess that the half-hearted criticism I hear of the way of the administration with Panama provokes in me a desire to laugh; for it reminds me of the way the case was put to me by a man, than whom there is no one in the United States who should know better.
It is just, he said, as if a fellow were to try to hold you up, and you were to wrench the gun away from him, sowith an expressive gesture; and then some bystander should cry out, Oh, the poor fellow! you ve taken away his gun! Maybe he would nt have shot at all; and then it is his gun, anyway, and you such a big fellow, and he so small. Oh, shame!
|
<urn:uuid:79afedd0-8da9-4962-8522-3ad6a4ee02ff>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.bartleby.com/206/pages/page384.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279224.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00478-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.980226
| 280
| 2.21875
| 2
|
Climate Bill measures on housing
The Climate Bill contains key measures on housing and land occupation, including the eradication of “energy sieves” by 2028 and a 50% reduction in the pace of land take in the next ten years.
1/ Ban on rentals of energy sieves starting in 2028
France is home to five million energy sieves (i.e. poorly insulated housing units with an F or G energy-performance rating), the inhabitants of which pay up to several thousands of euros a year on heating. Construction is the number-two greenhouse gas-emitting sector in France, accounting for over 20% of domestic emissions.
The bill aims to step up the ecological renovation of buildings through measures to eradicate energy sieves by 2028. It provides for a ban on energy-sieve rentals starting in 2028 where the housing units are no longer considered at that date to be “decent” dwellings. This leaves the owners concerned a few years to renovate the buildings they rent out. Tenants of energy sieves may also be able to oblige their landlord to perform renovation work. Also starting in 2028, it will be forbidden to increase the rent of energy sieves when renewing or initiating rentals. Lastly, to facilitate the energy renovation of co-ownership buildings, co-owner associations will be required to plan multi-year energy-renovation work and make provisions for the corresponding expenditure in the co-ownership’s works budget.
The proposal of the Citizen’s Convention on Climate was more ambitious, with the requirement to attain “low-consumption building” energy performance following the renovation of a dwelling. Questions also need to be asked about the financial resources of and support measures for households subject to the new energy-renovation requirement.
2/ Pace of land take reduced by 50%
Urban sprawl and land take are destroying and breaking up natural, farming and forest areas. The two phenomena are contributing to the deterioration of ecosystems and the erosion of biodiversity, and to global warming (by reducing the soil’s ability to absorb CO2). They also pose economic and social challenges for inhabitants and regions. In addition, land take makes some regions more vulnerable to natural risks, notably by making soil impermeable, resulting in floods and forest fires.
To meet the 2050 objective of zero net land take, the bill defines the concept of land take and enshrines in the law an objective to reduce the pace of land take by 50% in the next ten years compared with the previous decade. The objective will be implemented in a specific manner at local and regional level. The bill also sets out limits on the introduction of new commercial areas.
These provisions are a source of concern for many a rural mayor, afraid that they will lead to population decreases in their municipalities and counteract their initiatives to prevent this trend by seeking to attract working-age populations to their towns. They are also a worrisome issue for land developers, who say a “major real estate crisis” could be caused by sharp rises in land prices that will be passed on to the final cost of property projects. However, some of them admit that the bill could foster “more intelligent” urbanisation.
Sources: ecologie.gouv.fr - Les Échos – Le Monde.
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<urn:uuid:a41dd70b-86c4-48a5-94c5-746e22273e59>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.credit-agricole.com/en/magazine/a-successful-energy-transition/environnement/special-feature-the-objectives-of-the-climate-bill/climate-bill-measures-on-housing
|
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|
en
| 0.944213
| 682
| 2.828125
| 3
|
A reefer trailer is a specific type of trailer that is attached to a semi-truck. Typically, the container reefer unit is used for refrigerated food transport. However, it can also be used as a heated reefer trailer. For many businesses, they’re vital to use, as the goods being transported need to stay in a temperature-controlled environment.
What many businesses face is the question of looking into refrigerated trailer rentals or buying one. The first question to ask when you’re trying to answer is, “How much is a reefer trailer?” Once you know how much a reefer trailer is going to cost you, you’ll be able to tell if you can afford one, and you can go from there. It’s also a good idea to compare the cost of a rental against buying one. However, it’s also important to consider how much use you’ll have for it in the future, and if renting may be more expensive in the long run.
Buying a reefer trailer is no small purchase. So, make sure you know what you need and get everything that you do need when you go to buy one.
What Is A Reefer Trailer?
A reefer trailer is a refrigerated trailer that is attached to a semi-truck to transport perishable items. The cooling within reefers can be achieved by applying certain principles of physics that allow refrigeration to be possible:
Using heat as a form of energy
Heat energy traveling from warmth to cold
When ‘refrigerant’ gases are compressed at room temperature, they liquify
When the pressure is released the liquid state changes to vapor
Finally, the liquid expands to gas and absorbs all heat, allowing the surroundings to become cooled (or vice versa for warming)
Why Buy Wholesale Reefer Units?
A reefer unit is imperative to meeting the rising demand for perishable foods, such as fruits, vegetables, meats, and seafood. The economic growth in some regions of the world are experiencing is brought about by the consistent urbanization in developing regions and countries that account for changing lifestyles, usually starting first and foremost with foods. Picture this, Jake’s parents have moved him and his little sister, Jane to a rural, developing town in Arizona—food was historically locally-grown but the town’s population is experiencing a sudden increase of families, and the region’s natural resources are becoming scarce. The town decides to outsource its food to maintain its resources and saves themselves from starving and stripping their land. Feeding a rapidly growing population would not have been possible without a reefer trailer to transport the food while the unit keeps it fresh and safe for consumption. Buying wholesale reefer units is an ideal investment for companies who are looking to expand their routes at an affordable price.
Purchasing wholesale reefer units is an option for small companies wanting to start-up their business without breaking the bank. Purchasing wholesale reefer unit reduces costs significantly and comes pre-installed with a new reefer unit so small companies won’t have to worry about footing an additional bill. There is a definite trend rising around refrigerator trailers to ensure food safety in emerging economies, with researchers predicting the global refrigerated trailer market estimated around $7, 658 billion as early as 2022. Buying used Thermo King refrigeration units or used trailer refrigeration units allows companies to remain competitive and their promise of safely transporting food while being able to meet the demand, due to transportation cost being cut in half.
8 Important Things To Remember When Buying A Reef Trailer
1. Buy from a recordable seller:Before buying any equipment, used or new reefer trailer ALWAYS make sure the seller has trusted credentials. There are many cases of fraud, make sure you aren’t a victim.
2. Leaks: Leaks are never a good sign in any vehicle, make sure there is enough natural light coming in the trailer windows to inspect all corners, seals, and floors for light spots seeping in.
3. Clear excess weight: Excess weight on board means more fuel being used. To make sure there isn’t any water under the panels, look up the trailer’s weight specs and use them as a reference when using a scale.
4. Check the Reefer Unit:
When purchasing a trailer, be sure the unit is intact and usable. Look for any oil leaks, frayed or damaged belts that might stop it from performing at full capacity—test freon levels to see how well and quickly it cools.
5. Buying used or wholesale: When looking to invest in trailers, trucks, or units, it is best to browse from a used or wholesale reefer units selection first because that is where the best deals are. Used reefer trailers, used thermo king units, and even used rock trucks for sale are found while browsing through websites. A simple google search will allow you to see the selection you have to choose from—with used rock trucks for sale being apparent in almost every search because of its popularity and high reviews for reliability and used Thermo King units coming in second because of it being a top tier in the trucking industry. Having the means of seeing used rock trucks for sale, refrigeration units, and reefer trailers and Thermo King units for sale in the same search engine allows for a wide variety that is beneficial to small trucking companies.
|
<urn:uuid:62301525-f349-405d-9e79-54284f0be3e8>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://healthydessert.biz/what-to-know-before-buying-a-reefer-unit/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00470.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.949988
| 1,123
| 1.71875
| 2
|
Not since 1999’s American Beauty have I seen a film that blew me away as does The Imitation Game starring Benedict Cumberbatch & Keira Knightley. Morten Tyldum directs this Weinstein filmed based on Andrew Hodges biography of Alan Turing, the father of the digital computer, artificial intelligence, and computer science engineering. The film, with Cumberbatch as Turing, details the years in which Turing worked at Bletchley Circle, the British code breaking center, to invent the first computer that he used to crack the German’s Enigma machine that directly led to the defeat of the Axis of Evil in World War II.
Alan Turing was a brilliantly eccentric mathematician (in a hilariously early conversation with the naval Commander Denniston he compares himself to Einstein) and logician who was recruited early in the film to work on cracking Enigma. He was thrust onto a team that includes Hugh Alexander (Matthew Goode) and Downton Abbey’s Allen Leech who plays another cryptologist. After a very aspy Turing fires two other members of the team (he contacted Churchill himself by letter to implore that he let Turing be team lead, to which Churchill agreed), they needed new (read: smarter) members of their team to help manually decipher the code that has “159 million million” possibilities and changes every 24 hours. This is where Joan Clark (Keira Knightley) enters. For anyone who’s watched the excellent BBC show Bletchley Circle, this shouldn’t be a surprise, but given this is 1939 not every male is happy with a smart lady. Knightly and Cumberbatch play well off each other and clearly love each other deeply, albeit (and this is a biopic folks, so no spoilers after 70+ years) Turing was gay. The narrative runs mostly through the war years from Turing’s joining Bletchley until Armistice Day, but Tyldum deftly includes scenes from Turing’s time as a boy at boarding school where he not only is introduced to cryptology but also meets his first and only love and includes scenes later in life when he is robbed and subsequently convicted of being a homosexual (illegal in 1952’s England).
Portions of the film are voice-overed by Cumberbatch (who couldn’t sit for hours just listening to him speak?) through a seamless blending of actual WWII footage with modern cinematic magic to drop the viewer in the midst of the blitzkrieg’s across Europe. The early years of Turing schooling are heartfelt as his only friend and love Christopher befriends him and gives him a book on puzzles. The later years are much darker as he’s convicted of being a “puffer” after Detective Nock (Rory Kinnear) is suspicious of Turing after the mathematician’s flat had been burglarized. The framing of those two time periods did not detract from the action at Bletchley, heck his voice-overs are directed at Nock himself as they play cat and mouse in the interrogation room of the precinct (oh what would I have given for him to break into “Sherlock” to outwit Nock and not be convicted). But we all know this was not to be; Turing was convicted and chose chemical castration over imprisonment so he could continue to work on building and developing the world’s first modern computer (aptly named Christopher after his brief boyhood companion). A year later, just short of age 42, Alan Turing was dead in an apparent Cyanide suicide.
Actor Alex Lawther who portrays Turing in the early years at school when he was bullied because of his intelligence and lack of any social skills whatsoever does a fine job of matching the nuances of the character as a young man. He exudes quirky genius and clearly builds a foundation for the man Turing was to become. His brief relationship with Christopher demonstrates his ability to care for humankind while also explaining the obsessive “relationship” he has with the computer he later builds (and continues to perfect until his death) and names after his first love.
The relationships he later builds with his team of code breakers at Bletchley are both at once cumbersome and caring as he understands the only way to defeat a machine is with another machine. (Hence his creation of artificial intelligence along the way.) Alexander, who clearly hates Turing early on since he usurped the role of team lead, slowly becomes his biggest defender as the project hangs in the precipice before Turing cracks they key needed to end Enigma. The relationship that develops between Cumberbatch, Goode, Knightley, and Leech in particular makes this two hour film worth every second.
Also, throughout the film Mi6 agent Steward Menzies (Mark Strong) watches in the wings as the team tries to crack the code. Menzies relationship with Turing was profoundly complex but both men clearly understood the end game. It was a pleasure to watch these two on screen, especially in their scenes alone. Historically speaking, Menzies seems to’ve been much less competent (and this was only hinted at in one subplot), although I am fine with how Strong played this character.
Leaving the theatre, I was speechless. The profundity of how much this man changed the world, the fact that this important historical situation was top secret for half a century, and that Turing was essentially killed for being gay was only part of what truly struck me. The deep-seated love for Turing’s story played so perfectly by a team of talented actors lead by Graham Moore’s gorgeous screenplay made me realize we’ve entered into Oscar season, a season where the artists give their very souls to the masses. profundity
In 1941, in South England a half a dozen crossword enthusiasts won the war and changed the world. This is their story.
The Imitation Game:[usr 5]
About The Imitation Game
Synopsis: Based on the real life story of Alan Turing, the father of Computer Science and the modern computer, the film covers the darkest years of World War II as the British allies try to crack the German’s decryption. Turing and team must race against time to crack the Enigma machine’s encryption and end the war.
Directors: Morten Tyldum
Writers: Andrew Hodges, Graham Moore
Stars: Benedict Cumberbatch, Keira Knightley
Runtime: 114 minutes
The film opens in limited release Dec 12, 2014 at Harkins Camelview 5 in Scottsdale, AZ.
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16 october 2012
What is Public Diplomacy, and Why Russia Needs It?
More and more often public diplomacy is referred to as an important instrument of foreign policy which Russia is either short of, or which doesn’t work in this country. Actually, public diplomacy if an instrument of long-term usage, which seldom allows achieving a desired effect in a specific situation, but which facilitates creating a favorable climate to foreign policy in general.
On June 19, 2012 the Russian Council for International Affairs held a round-table on public diplomacy. The discussion was attended by the representatives of the academic community, non-government organizations, expert entities in the field of foreign policy and international relations. The outcome of deliberations was both paradoxical and predictable: we are unable to fully realize the meaning of public diplomacy, though we have to continue discussing the topic. The key result of the discussion was an opportunity to give a more precise identification of the problems we are facing in public diplomacy.
Problem # 1 – Synchronized Definitions
At times, entirely different phenomena are attributed to public diplomacy, which disallows working out a comprehensive balanced strategy thereof. The term of «общественная дипломатия» has been widely spread in Russia as the exact translation of «public diplomacy». Initially, the term appeared at one of the main talent foundries of the US State Department – Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy – as a substitute for the term “propaganda”. Dozens of various definitions have appeared over the years of its existence, but they all boil down to the “system of dialog with foreign societies”.
Roundtable on Public Diplomacy
Alongside with the understanding of public diplomacy as diplomacy of the people, the Russian language developed the second meaning of the term – diplomacy at the level of public organizations. It generated a dangerous confusion: even certain experts are convinced that public diplomacy is no more than a dialog at the level of non-government organizations. However, public diplomacy implies a far wider spectrum of activities – from overseas broadcasting to student exchange. (Therefore, the most appropriate translation seems to be «публичная дипломатия» without implying diplomacy at the NGOs’ level. Hereinafter the author uses the term of “public diplomacy” in its initial sense). The confusion is also dangerous because professional interaction among specialized NGOs on the topics of vital importance to interstate relations is rather the “second track” diplomacy, that of the expert community. It is also a significant mechanism of international relations, however, as a rule it is not focused on interaction with public at large.
It is important to recognize that we are specifically talking about public diplomacy as a system of interaction with foreign societies for political reasons, while the term «общественная дипломатия» should be seen as its synonym or as one of its elements. Limitation of public diplomacy by a dialog of non-profit organizations is an error, both semantic and, potentially, political.
Problem # 2 – Understanding the Aims of Public Diplomacy
In Russia public diplomacy is more often mentioned in the context of resolving various foreign policy problems united by the only feature that today they still remain unresolved. We need a systematic understanding of the role of public diplomacy in the Russian foreign policy. Another reason to continue discussions was the growing interest to the concept of “soft power” coined by Joseph Nye as an ability to make others do what one wants through appeal instead of violence or bribery.(The term “soft power” was translated into Russian in different ways at different times – as «мягкая мощь», «гибкая сила» etc. Today the most widely used translation is «мягкая сила», however, the term «власть» – as an ability to make others do what one wants – seems to be closer to the original meaning than «сила».)
In February 2012 in his article under the ever-youthful title “Russia and the Changing World” Vladimir Putin characterized soft power as a matrix of tools and methods to reach foreign policy goals without the use of arms but by exerting information and other levers of influence. One can see a difference between the definitions offered by J.Nye and V.Putin, which is far from being stylistic: the American political scientist points out attractiveness as the key element of the notion, while the Russian politician is focused on the levers of influence.
The difference is approximately the same as between the availability of powerful armed forces and a favorable outcome of an international conflict: powerful armed forces cannot guarantee a victory in any conflict; they can only facilitate a fortunate outcome, while the level of their development and combat readiness is more often a deterrent factor. Possession of “soft power” does not warrant a favorable outcome of any international situation but enhances the chances to achieve it.
“Soft power” of a country in international relations is identical to an individual’s reputation in society: making a reputable statement and acting respectively one can become a more attractive and esteemed person. In a difficult situation a man or institution with appeal and authority are most likely to be better perceived and listened to. On the contrary, a bad reputation would smother even a reasonable viewpoint. As the aim of development of the armed forces is to provide national security, the aim of public diplomacy is to enhance the “soft power” potential of a country
In the today’s world the public diplomacy is aimed at generating a positive image of a country. Reputation is being formed not only by the rhetoric, but by the actions, too. If one undertakes political steps which negatively tell on the country’s international image, attractive rhetoric can hardly help improve the situation. Respectively, the aim of public diplomacy is both to disseminate positive information about a nation, and to participate in foreign policy decision-making with due regard to its potential impact on the country’s image.
Problem # 3 – Realistic Assessment of Potentialities
Addressing members of the Russian diplomatic corps, V.Putin pointed out that the image of Russia abroad is being formed by other people, therefore, it is often distorted, and does not reflect the actual situation in our country, and demanded to amend the situation. However, it is hardly viable to assign the task of dominating in the global information space (even on a separate issue) to public diplomacy.
At the times of the cold war only governments could afford mass international communication: newspaper publishing, development of broadcasting networks, financing of NGOs. Development and cost reduction of communication technologies, as well as the growth of the number and aggregate influence of non-government actors of the world politics have entirely altered this sphere. Today, a gifted blogger can well compete with a world-renowned newspaper, and satellite TV channel with initial annual budget of several million US dollars – with the leading news corporations of the world. Reportedly, by the end of 2011 the number of Internet users worldwide exceeded 2.250 million people, and nearly all of them had access to various viewpoints on international issues.
In the environment of contemporary information pluralism one can voice his/her opinion publicly, but it is impossible to make it absolutely dominant. The US had to face this problem soon after the tragedy of “nine-eleven”. Apart from the military operation in Afghanistan, the immediate response to the terrorist attack was to step up the US public diplomacy aimed at creating a positive image of the United States. In October 2001 former Deputy Secretary of State Richard Holbrooke asked a rhetorical question: how can a man in a cave outcommunicate the world’s leading communications society?. However, establishment of TV channels and radio stations, massive proliferation of reports on good attitude to Muslims and other measures failed to change the sentiment toward the United States. It became evident that positive information on the US in any amounts would be unable to make up for the damage done by the US statements and actions in the Arab world reported by other media.
The US experience proved that one-sided proliferation of information in an already different international political and information-communication context yields no results. The Russian attempt to replicate what the US has done earlier in the 2000s, and with a smaller budget, would hardly be more effective. One has to build a system of two-way dialog with foreign societies instead.
In the context of increasing the soft power potential as a factor of Russian international political influence, public diplomacy has to resolve three tasks:
- Informing of the foreign community on the viewpoints of the Russian state and society;
- Ensuring a feedback from the foreign community;
- Participation in working out of the Russian foreign policy stance with due regard to the opinion of the foreign community.
The first task is partly implemented due to better financing of public diplomacy over the last decade, revival of the old and establishment of the new instruments of external communication (Russia Today, Russky Mir Foundation, RIA-Novosti, Voice of Russia, etc.). However, the system of public diplomacy is still practically void of educational exchange and a number of other long-term instruments. In fact, the second and third tasks are not on the today’s agenda. However, proliferation of information without comprehensive long-term efforts in building up credibility is futile: Russia is often kept in distrust even when it is right.
Thus, today the Russian political elite and expert community faces the task of coming to common understanding of the content, tasks and potentialities of public diplomacy. Based on this common understanding, at the next stage we shall have to work out a comprehensive strategy, to adjust the available and to establish new mechanisms, as well as the systems of their efficacy assessment. The current state of affairs in Russia is not something unique. Its improvement only requires to make proper use of our own and foreign practical and academic experience.
Alexey Dolinsky, “What is Public Diplomacy, and Why Russia Needs It?,” Russian International Affairs Council, 16 October 2012, http://russiancouncil.ru/en/inner/?id_4=913
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Stephens, John, The Emerald Atlas, The Books of Beginning #1
Called “A new Narnia for the tween set” by the New York Times and perfect for fans of the His Dark Materials series, The Emerald Atlas brims with humor and action as it charts Kate, Michael, and Emma's extraordinary adventures through an unforgettable, enchanted world. These three siblings have been in one orphanage after another for the last ten years, passed along like lost baggage. Yet these unwanted children are more remarkable than they could possibly imagine. Ripped from their parents as babies, they are being protected from a horrible evil of devastating power, an evil they know nothing about. Until now. Before long, Kate, Michael, and Emma are on a journey through time to dangerous and secret corners of the world...a journey of allies and enemies, of magic and mayhem. And—if an ancient prophesy is correct—what they do can change history, and it is up to them to set things right.
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Below is a list of 1868 residents of Yale, B.C., “nearly all the principal people of Yale”, from a document sent to Victoria to the Hon. P. O’Reilly and the Hon. Mr. F. J. Barnard, Yale representatives, supporting retention of New Westminster as the Capital of British Columbia. “Two or three prominent gentlemen” did not sign; it was said that they were absent at the time.
Extracted from an article in the British Columbian newspaper, Wednesday, 8 April 1868, page 1. Names here alphabetically.
We, the undersigned inhabitants of Yale, hereby express our wish that on the question of Capital, you will record your votes in favor of its retention at New Westminster:-
|Kwong Lee & Co.|
This list was originally published in The British Columbia Genealogist, Volume 22 #1 March 1993, page 17.
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Several of these grief quotes were particularly meaningful to me on my grief journey. I don't remember how long it was after John died that I was reading C.S. Lewis' A Grief Observed. But this first bereavement quote comes from that book. When I read it, I remember saying, "Yes, yes, yes, that's it." Grief is never just one emotion on its own, but it is very mixed up with many other feelings. Fear was a big one for me. Perhaps some of the other quotes will be meaningful to you.
No one ever told me that grief felt so like fear. - C.S. Lewis
Give sorrow words. The grief that does not speak whispers the o’erfraught heart and bids it break. - William Shakespeare, MacBeth
Grief is a tidal wave that over takes you,smashes down upon you with unimaginable force,sweeps you up into its darkness,where you tumble and crash against unidentifiable surfaces,only to be thrown out on an unknown beach, bruised, reshaped...Grief will make a new person out of you,if it doesn't kill you in the making.- Stephanie Ericsson
Bereavement is the deepest initiation into the mysteries of human life, an initiation more searching and profound than even happy love. - Dean Inge
If you look deeply into the palm of your hand, you will see your parents and all generations of your ancestors. All of them are alive in this moment. Each is present in your body. You are the continuation of each of these people. - Thich Nhat Hanh
Along the Road
I walked a mile with Pleasure;
She chattered all the way.
But left me none the wiser
For all she had to say.
I walked a mile with Sorrow
And ne'er a word said she;
But oh, the things
I learned from her
walked with me!
Sorrows come to stretch our places in the heart for joy. - Markham
They that love beyond the world cannot be separated by it. Death cannot kill what never dies.
— William Penn
Tears have a wisdom all their own. They come when a person has relaxed enough to let go and to work through his sorrow. They are the natural bleeding of an emotional wound, carrying the poison out of the system. Here lies the road to recovery. - F. Alexander Magoun
The gods conceal from men the happiness of death, that they may endure life. - Lucan
Grief is a process of awareness, of making real inside the self an event that already occurred in reality outside - Parkes and Weiss
She was no longer wrestling with the grief, but could sit down with it as a lasting companion and make it a sharer in her thoughts. - George Eliot
When we honestly ask ourselves which person in our lives means the most us, we often find that it is those who, instead of giving much advice, solutions, or cures, have chosen rather to share our pain and touch our wounds with a gentle and tender hand. The friend who can be silent with us in a moment of despair or confusion, who can stay with us in an hour of grief and bereavement, who can tolerate not knowing, not curing, not healing and face with us the reality of our powerlessness, that is a friend who cares. - Henri Nouwen
a few more grief quotes and bereavement quotes . . .
When you are sorrowful look again in your heart, and you shall see that in truth you are weeping for that which has been your delight. ~Kahlil Gibran
To spare oneself from grief at all cost can be achieved only at the price of total detachment, which excludes the ability to experience happiness - Erich Fromm
There is no grief like the grief that does not speak. - Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
We must embrace pain and burn it as fuel for our journey. - Kenji Miyazawa
Grief is itself a med'cine. - William Cowper
Grief teaches the steadiest minds to waver. - Sophocles
Grief Quotes Reflection
If you are working on a grief journal or a scrapbook of your grief journey, you might find some of these quotes to be helpful springboards for your own writing.
1. Pick a quote. One that you like seems to be the most obvious choice, but you also might find it helpful to write about a quote that you feel yourself wanting to push away from.
2. Write about what you find meaningful in the quote. How does it fit with your own journey and learning?
3. Write about what you resist in the quote. What makes it hard to live with?
4. What invitation do you feel in the quote?
5. What do you need in your life to live into the invitation?
More articles related the grief process?
Kubler-Ross Stages of Grief
7 Stages of Grief
Dealing with Loss through Photography
Grief Stages Scrapbook Journal
Poems about Grief
Grief Poems main page
Finished with Grief Quotes? Learn more about the grief process here
Return from Grief Quotes to Journey through Grief homepage
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This question was posed by Rodney King (African-American), who had been severely beaten and mistreated by his arresting Police Officers (White), as was widely broadcast on the News. The failure of the courts to bring about justice by convicting the perpetrating officers later sparked the infamous Los Angeles Riots.
In a time, when racial tension is flaring up like never before, this question is an important one to ask. It is Black against White, White against Native American, Hispanic against Black, Asian against Black and Hispanic etc. The year 1995 has been declared the International Year of Tolerance.
Isn’t it interesting that those who proclaim the value of tolerance most fervently stop short of abiding by it? They announce: Intolerance is unacceptable! To everyone’s dismay, intolerance seems to be more prevalent then ever. Is tolerance the answer? Is there really a simple answer at all to the racial question?In my opinion, the answer is No, we can’t just get along! Yet a positive answer to the question of peaceful co-existence of people of all races and backgrounds is possible if we look beyond ourselves.
We first have to realize that we are all of equal value to God who created and therefore wanted different people groups with their own cultural traits. It seems that each culture has certain strength’s (gifts) and weaknesses. From a biblical perspective, all people, all human beings are not only created in God’s image, (Genesis 1: 26-27; Genesis 9:6) their lives are also all stained by sin. (Psalm 53:2-3; Romans 3:23;) We all fall short of God’s standard.
Any person can be changed by sincerely repenting and receiving forgiveness, granted by God, because His Son Jesus carried our sins and the just penalty for them on the cruel cross. (John 3:16-17; Romans 6:23) The one receiving this new life should also be aware of the tremendous value that God placed on every single human being. It is expressed in the fact how much God paid for us. He did not pay with riches measurable in Dollars and Cents, but by giving His only Son, Jesus. That is how valuable we are to Him. One who has received forgiveness is commanded to forgive others also, realizing that the forgiveness he has received is by far greater than what he might have to forgive his neighbor for.
As we realize this we need to make an effort to extend grace to others, even if their actions are less than desirable.
We need to make an effort in trying to understand why the other person is reacting in this way. We need to feel and share in carrying their pain. This includes looking at historical events, that are all to often brushed off as happened a long time ago. Do we really understand what it means to be held as a piece of property, being bought and sold at will by an arbitrary owner. Do we really understand the pain that a Native American might feel about massacred beloved ancestors, land stolen from them, broken promises, and crude and untrue stereotypes being applied to all of them. Their wounds are real, no amount of tolerance alone can take care of those. “Time heals all wounds” is not only a false but cruel figure of speech. A festering wound left alone will not heal by itself, it will only get worse.
When will we tend to our neighbors wounds and seek healing for them, instead of having only quick answers? When will we look beyond behavior that is often only the outflow of things gone wrong and touch the hurting soul underneath instead of adding to their insult and isolation by placing blame on them? Jesus himself gave us a perfect example. He showed us how we should live, by being completely “other’s-centered.” This “Jesus-Brand-Christianity” is lived out by considering others more than ourselves. Jesus told us that the most important things for us to remember and do are to:
- Love God, because He first loved us and showed His love by giving Jesus.
- Love our neighbors as we love ourselves.
If we follow these simple yet profound commands we will get along with each other and much more, we will start to appreciate one another, differences and all, and begin seeing that we all need and complement each other with our giftings and abilities.
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Arkansas: Elders Decries Lack of Sex Education
August 17, 2007
The lack of effective sex education in US schools is facilitating the spread of STDs and sex crimes against children, Dr. Joycelyn Elders warned Wednesday.
"The reason we have so much AIDS and STDs in Southern states is because we are less likely to have sex education and talk about it as part of our schools and a part of our system," the former US surgeon general told some 200 people at a Community Health Centers of Arkansas summit in Little Rock.
"When we talk about sex education, we all go wild as if that's something we don't talk about. Well, our silence has been deafening, and we are paying a very heavy price for not educating our young people," Elders said.
"We walk around and our government says, 'Oh, Dr. Elders, you know condoms will break.' That's right, they will. But I want to assure you that the vows of abstinence break far more easily than those latex condoms."
During her tenure as Arkansas health director, Elders promoted the idea of distributing condoms at school health clinics. She was appointed surgeon general by President Bill Clinton in 1993 but was ousted the next year after suggesting that masturbation "perhaps should be taught" in schools to curb the spread of STDs.
Our cultural reticence about sex is also leaving US children vulnerable to predators, Elders said. "Certainly we need to teach children in kindergarten that there are certain areas on their bodies nobody is to touch," she said.
Until health education, including sex education, improves, the United States will never have a real health care system, just a "very expensive sick care system," Elders said.
Times Record (Ft. Smith)
08.16.2007; Jason Wiest
HHS Secretary Leavitt, Senior Health Officials to Highlight PEPFAR, Malaria Programs During Trip to Africa
This article was provided by CDC National Prevention Information Network. It is a part of the publication CDC HIV/Hepatitis/STD/TB Prevention News Update.
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Christianity and the Problem of Human Violence
True Christian living requires us to live according to Kingdom standards which bring Heaven to earth
Christianity and the Problem of Human Violence
By Stephen R. Kaufman, M.D.
Part 144. Wealth versus Poverty
This is the first of a series of essays that looks at how the approach to faith that I have been developing in this essay series of the past three years relates to contemporary issues. I have been arguing that Christianity encourages us to develop relationships grounded in love and respect rather than in the scapegoating process.
Regarding distribution of wealth, it is remarkable that Jesus showed particular concern for poor people. Unlike the general view of his day, Jesus did not regard poverty as a sign of divine judgment. Rather, he considered poverty a consequence of human activity. Therefore, Jesus said, "as you did it to one of the least of these my brethren, you did it to me. . . . as you did it not to one of the least of these, you did it not to me" (Matthew 25:40, 45).
In our society, many people place a high priority on gaining wealth as a hedge against the vicissitudes of fortune. In addition to practical considerations, pursuit of wealth is mimetic in that seeing our neighbors seek wealth probably contributes to our own desire for material accumulation. However, focusing on gaining wealth distracts us from aligning our desires with those of God desires, and Jesus said, "You cannot serve God and mammon [wealth]" (Luke 16:13). This accords with 1 John 3:17, which reads, "But if any one has the world's goods and sees his brother in need, yet closes his heart against him, how does God's love abide in him?"
Christian faith encourages us to view the world as bountiful, certainly in terms of God's love and concern, and possibly in terms of resources. It is impossible for everyone to enjoy "wealth," since wealth is a relative term. In order for some people to be "wealthy," other people must be "poor." However, everyone can be wealthy in a spiritual sense, with faith in a God of unlimited love. Indeed, I am convinced that spiritual well-being addresses fundamental human needs more than material well-being, once one's basic biological needs have been met.
The ecological sciences presume that a struggle for survival is inevitable, because exponential population growth invariably outstrips food supplies that, at best, increase arithmetically. However, Jesus said that we should dedicate ourselves to God, not to obtaining food: "Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceeds from the mouth of God" (Matthew 4:4; see also Luke 4:4). If we align our desires with God's, we aim to help God reconcile God's Creation to the harmonious world God intended (Genesis 1; Isaiah 11:6-9). This desire encourages us to limit our consumption and share with others, confounding the "law" of nature that food supplies invariably become scarce.
Jesus said, "So therefore, whoever of you does not renounce all that he has cannot be my disciple" (Luke 14:33). I think Jesus was referring to more than material possessions - he also taught that we should renounce everything, including our ideologies and our resentments. Many translations have "possessions" rather than "all that he has," and Paul Nuechterlein has noted that the Greek word here can also be translated as "possessing." Nuechterlein's translation would then read "whoever of you does not renounce all possessing cannot be my disciple."1 We want to possess material goods, and we want to possess (i.e., identify with) our ideologies, but these attitudes generate acquisitive mimetic desires and rivalries that undermine the kingdom of God.
This perspective helps us understand Mark 10:21-22, which relates a young man who said he had followed the commandments and wanted to "inherit eternal life." It reads, "And Jesus looking upon him loved him, and said to him, 'You lack one thing; go, sell what you have, and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; and come, follow me.' At that saying his countenance fell, and he went away sorrowful; for he had great possessions." I think Jesus understood that the young man's problem was that the man desired his possessions more than discipleship. There are some people who share their good fortune over time. Having material possessions, for them, is a form of stewardship rather than a means of power and control. If they were to divest of everything, their long-term ability to help those in need would diminish. Whereas one may reasonably regard possessions as a means of stewardship for those in need, having possessions remains a stumbling block to the kingdom of God. As long as we have wealth, we do not fear hunger and the other hazards of poverty. When we are able to afford various kinds of security, we can (more or less) protect ourselves from violent individuals. Therefore, even if our aim were not to maximize our stock portfolio, wealth would make it more difficult to empathize and identify with poor people and everyone else who is weak and vulnerable. In addition, it is tempting to change one's mind and dedicate one's wealth to satisfying one's own desires rather than addressing the needs of the originally intended recipients. Therefore, Jesus said, "How hard it will be for those who have riches to enter the kingdom of God!" (Mark 10:23).2
Some Christians hold that wealth is a sign of divine favor and that rich people have no obligation to assist those whose poverty reflects a moral failing. They often cite John 12:8, which reads, "The poor you always have with you, but you do not always have me." As Nuechterlein has pointed out, Jesus never asserted that poor people do not matter. Instead, Jesus was noting that his end was near, and people would only be inspired to attend to the needs of poor people if they appreciated Jesus' teachings that poor people matter.3 Those with power typically disregard those they wish to exploit or abuse, and consequently rich people often have contempt for poor people, just as meat-eaters have contempt for farmed animals.
None of us can rid the world of suffering or injustice. However, we can only draw ourselves and our communities nearer to the kingdom of God when we make choices that show compassion, mercy, and love.
1. Nuechterlein, Paul J. "Loving to Death . . . Hating to Life??" [Proper 18C Sermon]. http://girardianlectionary.net/year_c/proper18c_2001_ser.htm.
2. I thank Rev. Linda McDaniel for helpful insights in this paragraph.
3. Bailie, Gil. The Gospel of John [audiotape series]. Glen Ellen, CA: The Cornerstone Forum, tape 9, undated.
Go on to
145. Freedom versus Security
Return to Christianity and the Problem of Human Violence
Your comments are
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Thank you for visiting all-creatures.org. All Creatures Guide to Kingdom Living includes such subjects as: life, heaven, earth,
peace, justice, Bible study, discussion, commentary, God, Christ, Christian, Jewish,
Jesus, Holy Spirit, vegetarian, vegetarianism, vegan, veganism, cruelty free, love,
compassion, lifestyle, Bible, recipes, sermons, stories, animals, animal rights, Judeo
Christian, health, ethical, environment, living, meditation, perfection, prolife,
pro life, pro-life, abortion, capital punishment, war, hunting, fishing,
trapping, farm, farming, factory, fur, meat, milk, dairy, slaughter, cattle,
beef, pork, chicken, poultry, hens, battery, debeaking
All Creatures Guide to Kingdom Living includes such subjects as: life, heaven, earth, peace, justice, Bible study, discussion, commentary, God, Christ, Christian, Jewish, Jesus, Holy Spirit, vegetarian, vegetarianism, vegan, veganism, cruelty free, love, compassion, lifestyle, Bible, recipes, sermons, stories, animals, animal rights, Judeo Christian, health, ethical, environment, living, meditation, perfection, prolife, pro life, pro-life, abortion, capital punishment, war, hunting, fishing, trapping, farm, farming, factory, fur, meat, milk, dairy, slaughter, cattle, beef, pork, chicken, poultry, hens, battery, debeaking
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Florida Home Security Systems
If you live in the state of Florida, you have a higher risk of becoming the victim of a property crime than the average person in the U.S. In Florida, a burglary occurs every three minutes, on average, and a property crime of some sort happens every 47 seconds on average, according to NeighborhoodScout.com and FBI.gov.*
Some of the cities in Florida with the highest crime rates include Okeechobee, Orlando, Crystal River, Panama City, and Lake City, though there may be pockets of high crime within cities that have lower crime rates.
If you should come home to find your home has been burglarized, take the following steps:
Burglaries are common and fairly easy to help prevent. Here are some ways you can to help avoid a burglary:
Many Florida homeowners take an extra step and have a monitored home security system installed. Today's security systems are not just for the wealthy. Many middle class homeowners in the Sunshine State have discovered how effective, easy to use, and affordable today's monitored home security systems are.
The latest monitored home security systems include high tech features like infrared motion detection and automatic notification of the monitoring center when a break-in is detected. Some security systems come with a keychain-mounted "panic button" that can be helpful in many situations.
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Advanced self-service check-in, the increasing use of biometrics and digital health passes are among the technologies travelers can expect to encounter as they resume traveling in a post-pandemic world.
The aviation technology experts at SITA have identified six technologies they expect to transform air travel in 2021 and at least one it believes will disappear.
Seat-back video screens are on SITA’s endangered list as airlines move to reduce aircraft touchpoints, not to mention costs, and favor wireless entertainment.
Counterbalancing this is a swathe of emerging technologies capable of solving COVID-19 challenges.
High on the list are health electronic travel authorities (ETAs) capable of verifying that a passenger meets the health requirements of the country they are entering.
Aviation bodies such as the UN-backed International Civil Aviation Organization and the International Air transport Association are already working on a digital travel pass that will do this.
The idea is that travelers will be able to provide information on their vaccination status and any COVID test results prior to travel so they can be assessed before they leave.
“This will give travelers the confidence before they start that they will be allowed to complete their journey,’’ the SITA experts say in a report.
“Advance Passenger Processing (APP) brings the ability to assess the risk, including health risks, and allow or deny travel at check-in.
“When coupled with the implementation of a Health ETA service, it enables real-time checks to be performed to confirm that each traveler has completed the required health checks and is eligible to travel.”
SITA expects these digital checks to become commonplace as COVID vaccines become available during the year and their usage is standardized.
“From head-mounted thermal scanning devices to technology-supported social distancing measures, new technologies have seeped into our airports and changed the passenger experience,’’ the report says.
“That pace of innovation adoption sets a scene for rapid industry transformation over the next few years and will force a historically slow-moving industry into action.”
Other areas SITA has identified include:
Advanced self-service and biometrics.
Travelers will make use of facial recognition and touchless technologies embedded in self-service devices as automation and biometrics become the norm rather than the exception.
The SITA version of this technology can already be seen for outbound travelers in airports such as Beijing and Miami. Passengers use their face as a boarding pass as they walk seamlessly from their ground transportation to the aircraft.
“Once airborne, passengers are increasingly being offered services via Wi-Fi or 4G networks to avoid any non-personal touchpoints (such as seat-back inflight entertainment screens) and respect social distancing – boosting confidence onboard as a result,’’ the report says.
The Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and machine learning.
The internet of Things includes the billions of objects that can now be connected to the Internet through technologies such as 5G wireless networks.
Sita says maturing artificial intelligence programs, the ubiquity of sensors and cheaper hardware means a tsunami of data can be used to better handle issues ranging from turbulence to airport congestion, sanitization and social distancing.
Passenger flow management technologies.
These allow airports to understand and manage passenger flows throughout an airport to better plan and manage issues such as crowd density.
Technologies such as SITA’s Information Display System can send passengers personalized mobile messages while other programs allow information to be shared with airlines, ground handlers and other tenants.
Blockchain is a technology many people struggle to understand but it essentially provides secure data sharing between industry players.
One estimate is that it could increase aerospace industry revenue by as much as $US40 billion but from a passenger perspective, it could solve challenges in areas such as customs and baggage handling.
An example cited by the technology company is the ability of airports, airlines and governments to share baggage content information.
This could see bags pre-cleared at arrival, avoiding the need to put them through customs and allow them to be automatically re-checked on the next flight.
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Get ready to receive a flurry of wedding invitations from friends stretching from the eastern seaboard to the midwest and across the the Rocky Mountains: this week's Supreme Court marriage decision (or, more accurately, lack of decision) means that 27.3 million more Americans are now living in states with the freedom to marry.
But who's next? Twenty-five states allow same-sex couples to marry today, and 25 remain with marriage bans still in effect. We've ranked the remaining states in the order of their likelihood to be the next to establish marriage equality for same-sex couples. And for a little added context, we've included each state's population in millions.
Population: West Virginia (1.854), North Carolina (9.848), and South Carolina (4.775)
West Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina are in the same federal appeals court district as Virginia, where marriage is now legal. Litigation in those three states has been heavily dependent on the Virginia outcome, so they're likely to adopt marriage equality very soon.
A judge had stayed Lambda Legal's West Virginia case pending the Virginia outcome. Now the court has ordered state defendants to submit briefs explaining why the case should move ahead to a rapid conclusion. A South Carolina case was similarly stayed by the court there, and now the plaintiff couples have asked for the stay to be lifted. In North Carolina, parties will need to file briefs in the next few days, advising the court of how they'd like to proceed.
These two states are also affected by the Supreme Court's refusal to rule so far. Kansas and Wyoming share a circuit with Utah and Oklahoma.
Another neighboring state, Colorado, began issuing licenses the day after the Supreme Court's announcement. All of the parties in that case agreed that there was no reason to draw out the litigation any further. A similar agreement could come in Kansas and Wyoming, but conservative state leaders have sounded more likely to drag their feet. The states might choose to prolong their lawsuits for as long as possible — but they're not likely to get very far, considering the precedent now established.
The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled against marriage bans in these states just one day after the Supreme Court decision. Now the Idaho state attorneys have successfully secured a stay on the ruling while taking the next step in the appeals process, which is called an "en banc review" by the entire Ninth Circuit instead of the three-judge panel that issued the ruling. Eventually, if antigay lawyers lose once again, they will have to decide whether to petition the Supreme Court for review — which seems futile based on its decision this week.
UPDATE: The stay originally applied to both Idaho and Nevada. But the Supreme Court clarified "upon further consideration" earlier today that Nevada is allowed to move ahead with marriage equality and that the stay will apply only to Idaho. So move Nevada up the list with marriages set to start.
WAIT A WHILE LONGER
These Ninth Circuit states have pending marriage litigation in federal district courts, but it's all likely to be resolved fairly quickly. Just one day after the Supreme Court rejected appeals in seven marriage cases, the Ninth Circuit ruled against marriage bans in Idaho and Nevada. This all but guarantees that the lower federal courts will rule similarly.
At this point, the only question is how long state officials will prolong the litigation. They have virtually no chance of success, but they could drag out their lawsuits for months or possibly even years if they're particularly intransigent.
The litigation in this circuit, the Fifth, could be the most important in the country right now. Of all the courts to rule on marriage bans since the Windsor decision, Louisiana's is the only one to uphold such a measure. That case, along with a pro-equality decision from Texas, is now on appeal to the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals. If the bans are upheld, that would be the contrary decision that the Supreme Court is waiting for to take up a case. Plaintiffs might then petition the Supreme Court for review or ask the Fifth Circuit for a rehearing with a larger panel of judges.
If the bans are overturned, state officials may give up trying to defend them and simply let the judgment stand, allowing marriage to begin. Or they could drag out the litigation for more months or even over a year.
A decision in the Sixth Circuit could come any day now. There's no strong indication how the court will rule, and it's possible that it would uphold a marriage ban. If that happens, plaintiffs would almost definitely want a rehearing. They could either petition the Sixth Circuit for a second hearing or go to the U.S. Supreme Court for review, which might happen this term or might have to wait until next year, depending on timing.
If the Sixth Circuit rules against the bans, marriage might start right away. Or state officials might try to prolong the litigation, which would delay the start of marriage by several months, at least.
THE FINAL HOLDOUTS
Although litigation is ongoing in these states, the timeline for the next rulings is murky. Missouri might be the most promising: Attorney General Chris Koster has indicated that he expects marriage to be legal there soon.
• North Dakota
• South Dakota
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This page is under construction by 'killerbot'. Just be patient, some day it will be finished.
This article will describe the process used in creating the nightly builds, and can be used as a guideline if you want to build Code::Blocks yourself. It is described as a sequence of 'manual' actions. While it is possible to automate several of these tasks via script, that is beyond the scope of this article. Current limitation : Windows unicode build.
In order to perform our build tasks, we will need several tools. Let's create an ingredient list for our cooking experiments :
- a compiler
- an initial build system
- the Code::Blocks sources
- zip program
- svn (version control system)
While we are at it, maybe someday we want to debug our programs, so let's add a debugger to the list :
Let's start by shopping for the first item on our list, a compiler. Several compilers are available; some free, some expensive. Since the Code::Blocks developers build Code::Blocks using GCC, we might as well use that one. It is very standards compliant, though not the fastest one around. GCC on windows is available in several flavors. There are CygWin ports and MingW ports.
The easiest and cleanest port is MinGW. This is the compiler distributed with Code::Blocks when you download the official package (the one including the compiler). We can find MinGW at www.mingw.org. This post in the wiki describes how to install MinGW. We will stick to version 3.4.5, which works nicely. (Much has changed since this was originally written; if possible, use version 4.4.0 or newer.)
First, a brief explanation of MinGW components:
- gcc-core : the core of the GCC suite
- gcc-g++ : the c++ compiler
- mingw Runtime : implementation of the run time libraries
- mingw utils : several utilities (implementation of smaller programs that GCC itself uses)
- win32Api : the APIs for creating Windows programs
- binutils : several utilities used in build environments
- make : the Gnu make program, so you can build from make files
- GDB : the Gnu debugger : for hunting those nasty bugs (version 6.3.2 or above !!!)
I would suggest extracting (and installing for the GDB) everything in the C:\MinGW directory. The remainder of this article will assume that this is where you have put it. If you already have an installation of Code::Blocks that came bundled with MinGW (for example RC2), I still advise you to install MinGW as described here. A compiler does not belong under the directory tree of an IDE; they are two separate things. Code::Blocks just brings it along in the official versions so that the average user does not need to bother with this process. But, since you are reading this, you are no longer an average user. :-)
You may need to add the 'bin' directory of your MinGW installation to your path (example : C:\MinGW\bin). An easy way to do this is with the following command at the command prompt:
Initial Build System
We could try to build Code::Blocks by using makefiles, but there is an easier way: let's build Code::Blocks by using ........ Code::Blocks. All we need to do is get hold of a pre-built version Code::Blocks.
First, download a nightly build. You can make your selection from [/index.php?board=20.0 here]. The nightly builds are unicode versions, containing the core and contributed plug-ins.
Next, unpack the 7-zip file to any directory you like (e.g. C:\CodeBlocksTempNightly). If you don't have 7-zip, you can download it for free from the 7-zip website.
Now, Code::Blocks needs one more dll to work correctly: the WxWidgets dll. You can also download it at the nightly builds forum. Just unzip it into the same directory that you unpacked the Code::Blocks nightly build. It also needs the mingwm10.dll, but don't worry - we already have it. It's in the bin directory of our MinGW installation. So, it's important to make sure the bin directory of your MinGW installation is in your path variable (see above).
Finally, start up this new nightly build of Code::Blocks. It should discover the MinGW compiler we just installed.
Version Control System
In order to be able to retrieve the latest and greatest Code::Blocks sources, we need to install a Version Control System.
The Code::Blocks developers provide their sources through the SVN version control system. So, we need a client to access their svn repository of sources. A nice, easy client for Windows is TortoiseSVN, which is freely available from here. Download and install it, keeping all suggested settings.
Now, go create a directory wherever you like, for example D:\projects\CodeBlocks. Right click on that directory and choose from the pop-up menu : svn-checkout. In the dialog that pops up, fill in the following information:
- Url of Repository :
svn://svn.berlios.de/codeblocks/trunkhttp://svn.code.sf.net/p/codeblocks/code/trunk - leave all other settings as they are
Now be patient while TortoiseSVN retrieves the most recent source files from the Code::Blocks repository into our local directory. Yes; all those Code::Blocks sources are coming your way!
For more info on SVN settings, see info on SVN settings. If you don't like an Explorer integration or look for a cross-plattform client you might want to have a look at RapidSVN (which is btw. also written using wxWidgets).
All righty, time to continue our shopping session.
WxWidgets is a platform abstraction that provides an API to support many things such as GUI, sockets, files, registry functionality. By using this API, you can create a platform independent program.
Code::Blocks is a wxWidgets (here after: wx ) application, that means if you want to run Code::Blocks you needed the wx functionality. This can be provided in a couple of ways. It could be a .dll or a static library. Code::Blocks uses wx as a dll and this dll can also be downloaded from the nightly build section of the forum.
However, if we want to build a wx application, we need to include the headers of the wx sources. They tell the compiler about the functionality of wx. In addition to those header files, our application needs to link to the wx import libraries. Well, let's take it step by step.
Wx is provided as a zip file of it's sources, so we need to build that ourselves. We already shopped for the MinGW compiler, so we have all the tools we need at hand.
Next, let's unzip the wx sources into C:\Projects so we will end up with a wx root directory like this: C:\Projects\wxWidgets-2.8.12. Note that we are going to refer to the wx root directory from now on as <wxDir>
Now, we are going to build the wxWidgets. This is how we do it:
First, make sure C:\MingGW\bin is in your path, during the build some programs will be called that reside in the the MinGW\bin directory. Also, Make has to be version 3.80 or above.
Now it is time to compile wxWidgets. Open the command prompt and change to the wxWidgets directory:
cd /D <wxDir>\build\msw
/D flag after
cd may be omitted from the command; it simply allows command prompt to change drives if necessary.
We are now in the right place. We are first going to clean up the source:
mingw32-make -f makefile.gcc SHARED=1 MONOLITHIC=1 BUILD=release UNICODE=1 clean
Once everything is clean, we can compile wxWidgets:
mingw32-make -f makefile.gcc SHARED=1 MONOLITHIC=1 BUILD=release UNICODE=1
If you are using TDM-gcc 4.8.1, you will have to add the following option on the command line :
This is going to take some time, so go get yourself a nice ice-cream, a beer, ...
Note: For making the debug build, follow these steps: First clean any previous compilation with: mingw32-make -f makefile.gcc SHARED=1 MONOLITHIC=1 BUILD=debug UNICODE=1 clean And then compile with: mingw32-make -f makefile.gcc SHARED=1 MONOLITHIC=1 BUILD=debug UNICODE=1 ... If you are not on diet, get another ice-cream, a beer, ....
Did you enjoy your refreshment? Well have a little look in the directory (<wxDir>\lib\gcc_dll) now. The import libraries and the dll have shown up and there should also a mswu\wx subdirectory at that position containing setup.h.
Congratulations! You have just built wxWidgets!
Let's do some more preliminary tasks before we get to the real deal of compiling Code::Blocks.
During the build of Code::Blocks, several resources are going to be zipped in zip files. Therefore, the build process should have access to a zip.exe. We have to download that zip.exe and put it somewhere in our path. A good place is: MingW\bin.
Once downloaded, simply extract zip.exe to the appropriate location.
This brings us to the last preliminary task. The Code::Blocks code can be divided into 2 major parts: the core with internal plug-ins, and the contributed plug-ins. You always need to build the core/internal parts before building the contrib part.
To build the internal part, you can use the Code::Blocks project file which you can find at: <cbDir>\src\CodeBlocks.cbp. Our Code::Blocks master directory is from now one mentioned as <cbDir>, by the way. A workspace is something that groups several projects together. To build the contrib plug-ins, they can be found at <cbDir>\src\ContribPlugins.workspace.
But, let's create a workspace containing everything. Let's put that workspace in the master directory <cbDir>. Just use a regular text editor and create a file with the name "CbProjects.workspace" and give it the following content :
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes" ?> <CodeBlocks_workspace_file> <Workspace title="Workspace"> <Project filename="src\CodeBlocks.cbp" active="1" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\AutoVersioning\AutoVersioning.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\BrowseTracker\BrowseTracker.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\byogames\byogames.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\cb_koders\cb_koders.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\codesnippets\codesnippets.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\codestat\codestat.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\copystrings\copystrings.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\devpak_plugin\DevPakPlugin.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\dragscroll\dragscroll.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\envvars\envvars.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\headerfixup\headerfixup.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\help_plugin\help-plugin.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\keybinder\keybinder.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\profiler\cbprofiler.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\regex_testbed\RegExTestbed.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\source_exporter\Exporter.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\symtab\symtab.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\ThreadSearch\ThreadSearch.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\wxSmith\wxSmith.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\wxSmithContribItems\wxSmithContribItems.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\wxSmithAui\wxSmithAui.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\lib_finder\lib_finder.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\HexEditor\HexEditor-win.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\tools\cb_share_config\cb_share_config.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\IncrementalSearch\IncrementalSearch.cbp" /> <Project filename="src\plugins\contrib\MouseSap\MouseSap.cbp" /> </Workspace> </CodeBlocks_workspace_file>
We will use this workspace to build all of Code::Blocks.
Finally we have arrived at the final step; our final goal. Run the Code::Blocks executable from your nightly build download. Choose Open from the File menu and browse for our above created workspace, and open it up. Be a little patient while Code::Blocks is parsing everything, and Code::Blocks will ask us for 2 global variables, these global variables will tell the nightly Code::Blocks where it can find wxWidgets (remember : header files and import libraries) and where it can find .... Code::Blocks, this is needed for the contrib plug-ins, they need to know (as for any user created plug-in) where the sdk (Code::Blocks header files) are. These are the values in our case :
- wx : <wxDir> - Code::Blocks (cb) : <cbDir>\src
Now go to the Project Menu and choose (re)build workspace, and off you go. Watch how Code::Blocks is building Code::Blocks.
Once the build is complete, open up a console in <cbDir>\src and run the command "update.bat". This will transfer all built deliverables from <cbDir>\src\devel to <cbDir>\src\output. In addition, it will strip out all debugging symbols. This step is very important - never ever forget it.
Now you can copy the wx dll in both that output and the devel directory.
Then you can close Code::Blocks. That was the downloaded nightly remember?
Time to test it. In the output directory, start up the CodeBlocks.exe. If everything went well, you'll have your very own home-built Code::Blocks running.
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Theme 1: Building the Mobility Profile
Currently no reliable measure exists to jointly evaluate the myriad of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence mobility for individuals with ABI. For the most part, to measure mobility in research, we rely on expensive laboratory technologies and performance-based tools that are burdensome in terms of set up, as well as staff time for administration and analysis. Importantly, these tools cannot be readily applied in real-life community contexts.
Further, electronic platforms that can collect real-time patient- and clinician-reported data are in their infancy, particularly in rehabilitation. The objective of theme 1 is to aggregate data from different types of rehabilitation technologies to evaluate the complex interplay between biomedical, personal and environmental factors that explain variability in mobility. This will be the first time this combination of technologies will be used to generate and validate mobility data that combines brain imaging, biomedical, patient reported and clinical measures. This will be accomplished within patient cohorts followed through the continuum of care and into the community (up to 2 years post ABI), enabling us to integrate and analyse their synergistic relationships.
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A sound module is an electronic musical instrument without a human-playable interface such as a keyboard. Sound modules have to be operated using an externally connected device, which is often a MIDI controller, of which the most common type is the musical keyboard (although wind controllers and guitar controllers are also used). Controllers are devices that provides the human-playable interface and may or may not produce sounds of its own. Another common way of controlling a sound module is through a sequencer, which is computer hardware or software designed to record and play back control information for sound generating hardware. Connections between sound modules, controllers, and sequencers are generally made with MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface), which is a standardized protocol designed for this purpose.
Sound modules may use any number of technologies to produce their sounds.A sound module may be a synthesizer, a sampler, or a rompler. Drum modules are sound modules which specialize in percussion sounds. Drum modules may be triggered by external trigger pads or pickups as well as through MIDI. Drum modules are distinguished from drum machines through their lack of dedicated on-board triggers and lack of an integrated sequencer. Sound modules are often rack-mountable, but might also have a table-top form factor. The height of a sound module is often described in U or unit. Small sound modules are mostly 1U in height, the larger models a multiplication e.g. 2U or 3U.
Because most electronic instruments are designed in a modularized way, manufacturers often release a sound module version of their fully integrated instruments. A sound module may have all the other features of the controller-equipped version, but it often has a smaller display or limited programming controls. In this case, sounds can be loaded through MIDI or external media. In some cases, sound modules have expanded capacity for sounds in comparison to the controller-equipped version. In the 2010s, hardware sound modules have largely been replaced with software equivalents, due to the increased speed and processing power of computers and their decrease in price. Nevertheless, some DJs and EDM musicians continue to use vintage 1980s sound modules for their unique sound.
A sound module may also be referred to as "tone generator", "synth module", "MIDI sound generator" or "rack-mount synthesizer".
A sound module has the same advantages over a fully integrated instrument as does any system with a modularized design:
- Cost — a sound module is cheaper than a comparable instrument equipped with a controller
- Space — a sound module takes up less room than an instrument equipped with a controller
- Expandability — many sound modules can be expanded with sounds and memory
- Troubleshooting – if a sound module develops problems, just this one unit can be removed for repair or replacement, leaving the rest of a keyboard player's rig the same.
- Obsolescence cycles — when it becomes obsolete, a sound module can be replaced without changing a favorite controller, or vice versa.
- Roland MKS20, Piano sound module used by many acts in the 80s to early 90s. Based on engine from RD1000.
- Yamaha TX16W (1988), sound module with an ability to boot OS from diskette; known particularly well for having a third-party OS codenamed Typhoon 2000 by NuEdge Development, a group of hackers who were dissatisfied with original OS.
- Roland Sound Canvas series (1991), first sound module to implement General MIDI standard with GS extensions.
Difference from audio interfaces
Audio interfaces are often erroneously called sound modules. The audio interface connects a computer to other devices; and software in the computer actually generates sound using samples or synthesis. The functionality of the computer and I/O device plus the software is a superset of a traditional sound module.
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This recipe of Cassava leaf sauce is also known as Kwem in Cameroon, a variation of Pondu in Democratic Republic of Congo.
- 6 cups water
- 1-2 onions, chopped
- 2 cloves of garlic, minced
- 1 hot chili pepper, cleaned and chopped
- 1 tsp fresh ginger root, grated
- Salt to taste
- 2-3 lbs of cassava (manioc) leaves, stems removed, washed, rinsed and drained, torn into pieces
- 3 cups canned palm soup base
- 3 tbsp home-made Peanut paste
Crush the Cassava leaves with a mortar and pestle. In a large cooking pot, bring the water to a low boil. Add the Onion, garlic, ginger root, and salt. Cook for a few minutes. Add the crushed greens and cook, bring to a boil, and cook for 10 minutes more.
Add the canned palm soup base and stir until smooth. Reduce heat and simmer for 10 minutes.
Add the Peanut butter, stir. Continue to simmer until greens are cooked. Serve hot with boiled yams.
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Article from the 2015-08-05, by Anja Beckmann
Wood belongs to the most popular materials for garden furniture. Benches and tables out of the natural material look natural and rustic and they harmonically fit in the nature image of gardens. Very popular for outdoor furniture: teak wood. The noble wood from South East Asia is weather resistance and known for its longevity. Philip Rabanus, our student assistant, knows wood since he is a wood-engineer-to-be. He knows how to maintain teak wood correctly.
Teak wood is the wood of the teak tree, which is a mainly South East Asian endemic wood and also native from the pacific islands. “The rubber component is huge and the reason for the oily character of the wood and the robust surface. That’s the reason why teak wood usually isn’t lacquered or sealed”, explains Philip. “The tropical wood is resistant against fungal infestation and wood bacteria contrasting most of the other regional woods – that’s another reason for why it is predestined to be used for the production of garden furniture”.
Most of our teak wood furniture is FSC certified, like the products by Skagerak. It means the manufacturer is obliged to save the ecological functions of the forest. The wood therefore comes from so-called teak wood plantations and not from natural resources.
Teak wood furniture have an intensive red-brown to golden colour when they’re bought. The wood develops a protective cover with time, the patina. The furniture becomes silverfish, which many furniture owners consider to look sad. “There are special protective oils for teak wood to keep the red-brown colour,” knows Philip, “spread it on the furniture with a towel or cloth out of linen. The wood must be clean, since the dirt will be included in the protective oil otherwise”. Teak wood oils are available in every construction market.
If the patina emerged, there are many different possibilities to remove it. The wood is very weather-resistant, which is why the furniture can be treated with water without any problems. The easiest way to remove the patina is with a common scrubbing brush and a bit of soapy water in the direction of the fibre. You can also use a high-pressure cleaner, but be careful: “It is very important to minimize the pressure and to keep a distance to the wood. If the pressure is too high, it might rough the surface. You should cautiously approach.”, explains Philip. A third possibility of removing the patina would be to grind it. “Chairs with many lamellae are hard to be grinded”, says Philip. A clean result is achieved if you grind meticulously in all of the gaps. That requires time and patience.
How do I recognize teak wood?
You can distinguish the tropical wood from others because of the intense red-brown to golden colour.
What tree does teak wood come from? Where is it harvested?
Teak wood comes from the teak wood, which is indigenous from South East Asia and the Pacific Islands.
Is teak wood weatherproof?
Yes, the high rubber amount of teak trees is the reason why the wood is very oily and the surface robust. The tropical wood is resistant against fungal infestation and wood bacteria. It gets a greyish patina along in the course of time, which can easily be removed with a brush or sandpaper.
Why does teak wood become greyish?
The wood might change its colour after a few weeks already depending on the surrounding and the weather. With dry climate it might take a few months. The fewer humidity there is, the slower the colour of the furniture changes.
Should I treat teak wood with oil?
Those of you who want to keep the red-brown tone of the garden furniture, should treat the wood with special teak wood oils regularly – every few months. Simply use a linen cloth for it. Teak wood oils are available in every construction market. But you aren’t obliged to oil the furniture: Teak wood lives without being treated with oil for decades, without losing any of its stability.
How do I clean teak wood garden furniture?
The weather resistance is the reason why the tropical wood is easily cleaned with a brush or cloth with a bit of soapy water.
How do I maintain teak wood garden furniture?
If the greyish patina – the natural protective film of teak wood – doesn’t trouble you, you won’t have to maintain or clean the furniture. Teak wood resists all types of weathers after years and years without losing any of its stability. But those of you who would prefer to keep the red-brown tone of the wood, you should spread special teak wood twice a year on it. If the patina comes, it is easily removable with a scrubbing brush and a bit of soapy water. This is how the intense red-brown comes back again.
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You Decide: What’s the Source of Our Discontent?
If education, technology and globalization are behind the discontent of many households, the big question is: what to do about it? NC State University economist Mike Walden addresses this question in his latest 'You Decide' column.
You Decide: Is There An Investment Boxing Match Winner?
Do the higher fees paid to active investment managers pay for themselves with better earnings? NC State University economist Mike Walden addresses this question in his latest 'You Decide' column.
You Decide: What’s Behind the Declining Labor Force
Among all the economic data coming from various media outlets, one has received increased attention in recent years. In fact, NC State University economist Mike Walden says it's the most discussed economic statistic of the past couple of years. It's called the labor force participation rate.
You Decide: What can we learn from the 1970s’ gas crisis?
Two important events happened in NC State economist Mike Walden's life 40 years ago. He met his future wife, and he was an an unwilling participant of the decade’s gas crisis. While the gas crisis wasn’t fun at the time, he writes, it has provided some lessons for how public policy makers respond to shortages in key commodities, like gasoline.
You Decide: How can we boost economic growth?
Politicians of all parties and persuasions have one thing in common on the campaign trail: They are talking about economic growth. Actually, they’re talking about the lack of robust economic growth and solutions for making the economy stronger.
You Decide: Is there occupational churning?
NC State University economist Mike Walden has been looking closely at jobs in North Carolina — what kinds they are and how they have been changing. Our job market is constantly churning, meaning there are always some existing jobs being cut while new jobs are being created. Are there any trends?
You Decide: Will interest rates remain low?
Interest rates have changed dramatically over the course of economist Mike Walden's nearly 40-year career at NC State. In his latest "You Decide" column, he examines some of the reasons and considers whether low rates are likely to change anytime soon.
You Decide: What’s the best timing for valuing property?
Recently Wake County, the state’s second largest county in population, reduced the time between property revaluations from eight to four years. The change has created some confusion as well as claims the move is a veiled way of increasing taxes.
You Decide: Is there trouble with trade?
In a textbook world, international trade improves the economies of both countries and people. But, as even teachers know, the real world doesn’t always follow the textbook. International trade has created winners and losers, and that has led to increasing concern.
You Decide: Why are there new sales taxes?
North Carolinians having repairs made to their vehicles are now in for a little bit of a shock. With a few exceptions, they will now have to pay state sales tax on the labor cost of those repairs. So, too, will folks paying for repairs to their computers and for installing modular homes. These are some of the new sales taxes that began March 1. NC State University economist Mike Walden considers whether such taxes go against a trend in North Carolina.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was a part of the work realized in the Department of Hydrogeology and Water Protection supported by the Committee for Gr atis Research (KBN) agreement No. Substance use disorders Assessment and treatment.
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COPD Through the Years
There is much to learn about COPD. I wonder if, in one lifetime, we can know all there is to know about it?
Imagine what it would be like if every doctor knew what COPD was and how to diagnose it earlier to begin treatment sooner. Medical science, with its limited funding, is looking for the reason for COPD because once they know the "why" of COPD, they will be better able to find a cure for COPD.
Tobacco use grew in popularity
Looking back in history, smoking was never as prevalent a fashion as it was at the beginning of the 20th century. Doctors did not know about the impact this constant use of tobacco would have on day-to-day living.
Not only did those that consume tobacco suffer, but the residual pollution was inhaled as second-hand smoke by anyone in the vicinity. Hairdressers and waitresses were hit hard by COPD after standing over smoking clients for so many years.
Those that started smoking usually slimmed down a bit, and especially women continued smoking to stay that way. Not many paid attention to the long-term effects because money was being made hand over fist, and tobacco companies became thriving powerhouses.
Smoking used to be the norm
By mid-century, so many people were smoking, and I remember it being accepted everywhere. Doctors are just beginning to understand the dangers of a lifelong addiction to tobacco. They lobbied governments to put scary pictures on packages of cigarettes depicting what can happen as a result of smoking.
Largely people ignored the warnings or found ways to cover them up. As we moved into the ’70s and ’80s, smoking seemed to increase in popularity among teens and younger adults, and quit smoking campaigns were weak, and people didn’t listen.
Picking up the habit of smoking
That was a long time ago when my kids were babies. I quit smoking in the mid-eighties while pregnant with my daughter. Then one day, a long time later and out of the blue, my girlfriend asked if I wanted one.
For some reason, I said yes. The next thing I knew, I was smoking again. I have never been sure why because I didn’t even have a craving for it. I didn’t intend to start smoking again, but at the time, I simply didn’t think much of it.
The COVID crisis could have taught us what the impact those with minimal lung function can have on society at large.
I hope that people will start to realize the effect that increasing lung disease will have on the future health care system and that there will be future funding for research because COPD could have the power to stunt hospitals with overcrowding.
Advocate for those with COPD
As a person with COPD, you are the expert in the field. Have your voice heard and your opinion accounted for by sending letters to provincial or state governments or whoever has the power to designate funding?
Let them know that research dollars for lung health matter to you.
So, can we know all there is to know about COPD in one lifetime? Maybe, if your voice is heard.
Do you have an exacerbation toolkit?
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In an article from Harvard Business Review entitled How BMW Turns Art into Profit Chris Bangle describes his goal to give the designers of this company direction and insight This skillful man has developed a procedure to keep two completely different departments of the company happy and successful Before Chris Bangle the designers of the company were left without a department head They needed a manager but most of all someone to support their ideas rather than put them down He first explains how he must notice the difference between the artists and the engineers He explains that artists see that perfection comes in stages On the contrary Engineers believe that perfection must be completed right the first time Chris Bangle believes that his designers are emotional and sensitive and tries to take that into consideration before reacting to a design He must also protect them from unintended sometimes hurtful criticism from others In order to do this he says that there must be a seperation between the two departments He monitors every entry into the design department walls off sensitive models and hangs signs around that state STOP NO ENTRY Engineers are also not allowed to enter unattended while the artists are at work In the design department each artist is in competition with the next which Bangle also has to deal with He sometimes lets the artists work in different environments away from BMW He also uses positive reinforcement and provides personal coaching This way there is no hard feelings when one design is chosen over another Chris Bangle also lets the artists play with expensive equipment to help them create new ideas Protecting the process itself is another way to help the product not to enter the engineering department too early He says there are three steps to do this successfully One is the understanding phase or acceptance of the idea they are working towards The second is the
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Finest Hour 135, Summer 2007
Around & About
Antoine Capet, Professor of British Civilization, University of Rouen, told us of “Torn Asunder,” by Ruaridh Nicollthe, an article on the Union of Britain in The Observer (London) on January 7th: “Churchill famously left Scots as a rearguard at Dunkirk because nobody would be too upset.” This is an example of mischief-making. The Prime Minister would have had no knowledge of which units were left on the beaches during the heroic evacuation at Dunkirk. That was decided by those on the spot. As it happens, the units which suffered most were those ordered to defend Calais to the last: the King’s Royal Rifle Corps and the Rifle Brigade. The word “famously” suggests that the reference was confused with St. Valéry—a long way southwest of Dunkirk. Here the 51st Highland Division, which had been behind the Somme and not involved in the evacuation, was obliged to surrender after a tough fight, having been cut off and surrounded on 12 June— eight days after the end of the Dunkirk operation. To say that the P.M. chose to sacrifice this Division is absurd. —PHC
Richard Littlejohn writes in the Daily Mail that Chancellor of the Exchequer and presumptive new Prime Minister Gordon Brown “has been comparing himself to Churchill (as well as Gandhi ). I look forward to his first prime ministerial broadcast. ‘We shall tax on the beaches, we shall tax on the landing grounds, we shall tax in the fields and in the streets…. Never in the field of human taxation, has so much been owed by so many….. I have nothing to offer but tax, tax and more tax.’”
Addendum to Warren Kimball’s “The Alcohol Quotient” (FH 134), from Sir Martin Gilbert, In Search of Churchill (1994, 226-27): In January 1942, as Japanese forces advanced into Burma, Anthony Eden reported Churchill’s desire to fly to India to meet with Indian leaders to work out a constitution for India after the war. Sir Alexander Cadogan called WSC’s plan “brilliantly imaginative and bold.” Eden told his private secretary, Oliver Harvey, that Churchill had “confessed that he did feel his heart a bit… he had tried to dance a little the other night but quickly lost his breath.” Harvey commented: “What a decision to take, and how gallant of the old boy himself. But his age and especially his way of life must begin to tell on him. He had a beer, three ports and three brandies for lunch today, and has done it for years.” In the event Churchill did not go to India, feeling he must be in London at a critical time.
Scott Johnson in “The Limits of Churchill’s Magnanimity,” http://powerlineblog.com/ May 19th, refers favorably to Finest Hour 101 regarding Churchill’s uncharacteristic remark about Stanley Baldwin in 1946 (“it would have been much better had he never lived”). Johnson provided a link to our website, which has produced at least one new member. He also included another Churchill quotation but it was not quite as stated, and did not apply to Baldwin: “As the man whose mother-in-law had died in Brazil replied, when asked how the remains should be disposed of, ‘Embalm, cremate and bury. Take no risks!’” This was actually from Churchill’s article, “Britain’s Deficiencies in Aircraft Manufacture,” Daily Telegraph, London, 28 April 1938, reprinted in Step by Step (London: Butterworth, 1939), 226.
Get the Churchill Bulletin, delivered to your inbox, once a month.
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John Piper, the influential and wise Christian preacher, recently wrote an insightful blog post about the opportunity Minnesota voters will have in 2012 to define marriage as one man and one woman in their state constitution (Piper is pastor of Bethlehem Baptist Church in downtown Minneapolis).
Here is one salient point from his post, urging us to use accurate terminology in defining marriage:
I don’t think we should use the term “gay marriage” or “same-sex marriage.” I think in our everyday discourse, we should say “so-called gay marriage” or “so-called same sex marriage.” I would encourage politicians, pastors, and people to adopt this simple habit. The reason is that in God’s eyes, there simply is no such thing as so-called “gay marriage.” It does not exist. It cannot be made to exist by desires or decisions or language or laws. God ordained marriage with the words: “A man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and they shall become one flesh” (Genesis 2:24). Marriage is the union of a man and a woman in a lifelong covenant as husband and wife.
Piper then goes on to discuss how the Biblical theology of marriage should apply to human law and human societies, to protect and benefit everyone. Ultimately, there is really only one alternative to God’s design for marriage –that of societies abandoning a common and uniform definition of marriage and family, and instead allowing every person to do whatever they want to find self-fulfillment in the areas of sex, family and children. That may sound enlightened and liberating, but in actual practice, it is not. The consensus of human experience throughout the centuries shows that many people suffer tragically by the hands of individuals seeking their own personal sexual fulfillment absent significant societal restraint. In order to minimize human suffering and maximize human fulfillment, the Bible instructs all of us to have sex only within a marriage of one man and one woman in which both spouses commit to be sexually faithful to each other for life. There is no “separation of church and state” violation here, because a society that adopts the Biblical definition of marriage protects and benefits all people, just like the Bible’s prohibitions on stealing and lying protect and benefit everyone (not just Christians) in a society that adopts them. A good public policy idea is still a good idea, and is not “tainted” and constitutionally ”off limits” because it comes from the Bible.
John Piper’s entire post is worth reading. One additional note: John Piper’s church, Bethlehem Baptist, is also spearheading efforts to help those devastated earlier this week by the destructive tornadoes that ripped through the northern part of Minneapolis, one of the poorer areas of the city. John Piper and the Christians he leads strive to implement all that the Bible teaches to help and love others, whether it is urging them to adopt the right definition of marriage or helping his neighbors who are suffering.
This post originally appeared here.
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Nearly half of parents and carers calling the Young Minds helpline about children’s mental health issues are concerned about 12- to 16-year-olds.
Of the 2,850 calls recorded in 2007-8, 46% were about this age group, compared with 26% relating to six- to 11-year-olds.
Most parents sought advice on how to manage their children’s behaviour, although 31% called about serious mental health problems.
Young Minds chief executive Sarah Brennan urged fathers to take more of an interest in their children’s psychological development after analysis showed they made up just 8% of callers. Mothers accounted for 64%.
Brennan said she hoped that by providing “early support on emotional difficulties such as challenging behaviour and family breakdown [through telephone advice] we can prevent serious mental health problems occurring”.
The helpline, which is staffed by qualified professionals, recently extended its opening hours thanks to government funding.
Diagnosing mental health among teenagers
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Related Media: What is Angina Pectoris?
Angina: Most Common Areas of Pain
Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
Signs and symptoms of
The more signs and symptoms you have and the longer an episode of chest pain lasts (more than 15 minutes), the more likely it is that you are experiencing a heart attack, rather than an episode of angina. In this situation, seek medical care immediately.
American Heart Association website. Available at:
Braunwald E, Zipes D, Libby P.
Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine.
Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 2001
Last reviewed September 2012 by Michael J. Fucci, DO
Copyright © 2010 EBSCO Publishing All rights reserved.
Still have questions? Contact firstname.lastname@example.org. We are happy to assist you!
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Type of tree: Bush (suitable only in warm, sheltered gardens) and fan-trained. Pollination: Self-fertile. Climate: Subtropical to temperate.
Aspect: Sunny or facing south or west.
Soil: Any provided that it is fertile and well-drained.
Yield: 50 to 60 fruits annually.
Planting and cultivation
The soil can be improved if necessary by adding compost, but avoid excessive use of fertilizers, particularly in the case of fan-trained trees, as too rich a soil encourages unnecessary leafy growth. The branches of fan trees should be secured loosely to a framework of wires. In cold districts you can also grow peaches by training a fan tree against wires on one of the walls inside a greenhouse with a span of at least 3 m (10 ft). No heat is necessary. In early spring top dress the soil around the trees with general fertilizer at the rate of 135 gm per sq m (4oz per sq yd) under the spread of the branches. In mid-spring surround the trees with a thick layer of compost or moist peat. Although apricots are self-fertile, you will often do better to pollinate the tree yourself by dabbing the centre of each open flower in turn with an artist’s brush. Thinning the fruit is rarely necessary, but when the fruitlets are 2.5 cm (1 in) wide, ensure that the crop is evenly spaced over the tree with 10 cm (4 in) between each fruit. Water the soil thoroughly whenever the weather is dry while the fruits are swelling to prevent them from splitting.
Pick apricots as soon as they are ripe and well coloured and can be pulled easily from the tree.
Pruning and training
Bush trees need no regular pruning other than the removal of dead, diseased, weak and crossing branches in spring. With fan trees, the best plan is to invest at the start in the best shaped tree you can get, since producing the ideal fan shape on a young tree is somewhat difficult for amateurs.
However, assuming that you have a good tree, the side-shoots should be pinched back to 7.5 cm (3 in) in late spring and early summer and the secondary side-shoots (sub-laterals) to one leaf. Crossing and crowded branches should also be removed at this time. In autumn cut away those side-shoots which have borne fruit and tie in the replacement growths from the base of the side-shoots. If the ‘ribs’ of the fan grow beyond their allotted space in a greenhouse, cut them back to a strong side-shoot.
Pests and diseases
Aphids, birds and wasps (protect with fine netting or plastic mesh netting), red spider mites (greenhouse trees have a pale mottling on the leaves – spray with malathion).
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FISH AND WILDLIFE
Effective Date of Rule: May 1, 2008, 12:01 a.m.
Purpose: Amend fishing rules.
Citation of Existing Rules Affected by this Order: Repealing WAC 232-28-61900V; and amending WAC 232-28-619.
Statutory Authority for Adoption: RCW 77.12.047.
Under RCW 34.05.350 the agency for good cause finds that immediate adoption, amendment, or repeal of a rule is necessary for the preservation of the public health, safety, or general welfare, and that observing the time requirements of notice and opportunity to comment upon adoption of a permanent rule would be contrary to the public interest.
Reasons for this Finding: This emergency regulation is necessary to assure a successful "Fishing Kids" event. Several thousand fish will be stocked into Columbia Park Pond two days prior to the event to better acclimate them before the event. On the day of the event, preregistered kids will be allowed to fish during the event. There is insufficient time to promulgate permanent rules.
Number of Sections Adopted in Order to Comply with Federal Statute: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; Federal Rules or Standards: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; or Recently Enacted State Statutes: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0.
Number of Sections Adopted at Request of a Nongovernmental Entity: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0.
Number of Sections Adopted on the Agency's Own Initiative: New 1, Amended 0, Repealed 1.
Number of Sections Adopted in Order to Clarify, Streamline, or Reform Agency Procedures: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0.
Number of Sections Adopted Using Negotiated Rule Making: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; Pilot Rule Making: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0; or Other Alternative Rule Making: New 0, Amended 0, Repealed 0.
Date Adopted: April 16, 2008.
for Jeff Koenings
The following section of the Washington Administrative Code is repealed effective 4:01 p.m. May 3, 2008:
|WAC 232-28-61900V||Exceptions to statewide rules -- Columbia Park Pond.|
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by Kristen Kovach, WFU JD Candidate ’21
Michael opened his email on a dreary Tuesday morning. Casually scrolling through the spam messages between sips of coffee, his eyes paused on one message sent to him in the early hours of the morning. “I think your brother is dead,” the subject line read.
Michael froze. His heart pounded in his chest. Sweat beaded on his forehead and dampened his palms. His brother, Todd, had been in prison for drug possession since 2018. The brothers had not spoken in a while. But that’s because it’s just hard to get in contact with prisoners, Michael thought. There’s no way he’s dead.
The email came from his brother’s cellmate, Greg, who said that Michael’s brother had been sick for a while. Todd had been coughing terribly, complaining that his chest hurt, and suffering from a bad fever. Todd thought he had COVID. Two weeks ago, the medics came for Todd. Yesterday, the guards came for Todd’s belongings. Todd never came back.
Panic swept through Michael. He immediately picked up the phone and called the prison. At first, the prison did not know Todd’s status. They said they would call Michael back. An hour later the prison called back, having talked with the hospital, and confirmed the worst: Todd had died of COVID a few days prior.
Although Michael’s story is fictionalized, it is an accurate representation of a traumatic and devastating experience that families of incarcerated people in the United States routinely face, even before the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. There are stories of people finding out about their loved one’s death over voicemail, in a letter, or even from a journalist many months after their death. If there is one thing that unites the families of incarcerated people, it is the abhorrent ways they were told of their loved one’s death.
With an ever-increasing number of COVID-related deaths in prisons, the problems of prisoner treatment and family notification has become ever more apparent. As of November 2020, almost 1,500 inmates have died of the virus nationwide. North Carolina saw relatively low rates of infection in the general population in October 2020, yet the number of COVID-related deaths for inmates had doubled since September. As of November 20th, there were 1,566 cases per 10,000 prisoners in the state. Compare that figure to the general population of North Carolina, which saw 3,480 cases per 100,000 people by December 1st. Infections and deaths are exponentially increasing in prisons and unless we choose to do something about it, thousands more will die.
As a society, we must decide how we want to view prisons—as rehabilitation centers or as cages—and prisoners—as those in need of help or as villains to be cordoned off from “the rest of us.” Viewing prisons and prisoners in the latter manner has undermined our intended structure and perpetuated systems of violence and harm. The racially-motivated underpinnings of the criminal justice system mixed with the desire to inflict punishment has allowed the ineffective system we have today to flourish.
Only by recognizing the reformatory intent of the criminal justice system will we be able to effectively correct criminal behavior and protect incarcerated people from COVID-19. The fewer people we lock up for nonviolent crimes, the fewer that are forced to live in unsafe pandemic conditions. We must realize that the criminal justice system should be a chance for rehabilitation, not a COVID-19 death sentence.
During the pandemic, this goal can be accomplished by increasing the number of inmates released, minimizing jail and prison admissions, offering vaccination for this vulnerable population, and putting in place a better system for keeping families informed. By keeping the jail and prison populations low for the time being, the risk of viral transmission among inmates and staff greatly decreases. For the remaining staff and inmates not suited for release, the decreased population means the facility can provide the appropriate medical care for those who contract the virus.
Vaccination will be a key tool in minimizing COVID transmission in jails and prisons, but it is slated to be underutilized. When a vaccine becomes available, only prison staff are currently expected to receive it, despite the number of sick inmates vastly outnumbering sick staff. Prisons should offer both staff and inmates access to the vaccine, especially since prison conditions make social distancing particularly difficult for inmates.
Finally, families deserve to be humanely informed of their love one’s death. Sending prison representatives in person to deliver the news is logistically difficult under normal circumstances and potentially dangerous during a pandemic. At the very least, prisons should follow the lead of some states that have a prison chaplain deliver the news over the phone or via a letter if someone cannot be reached, following up with a letter of condolence.
People like Michael should not have to find out about their brother’s death in inhumane ways, and inmates like Todd and Greg should not be forced to live in conditions where they feel their days are numbered. We must decide to live up to the idea that our criminal justice system is focused on rehabilitation and not simply a form of punishment. During the COVID-19 pandemic, doing so means respecting the health and wellbeing of inmates and their families.
Photo credit: Vic Hinterlang/Shutterstock.com
Christie Thompson, Your Loved One Dies. The Prison Leaves a Voicemail., The Marshall Project (June 21, 2018 10:00 PM), https://www.themarshallproject.org/2018/06/21/your-loved-one-dies-the-prison-leaves-a-voicemail.
A State-by-State Look at Coronavirus in Prisons, The Marshall Project, https://www.themarshallproject.org/2020/05/01/a-state-by-state-look-at-coronavirus-in-prisons (last updated Nov. 20, 2020 7:43 PM).
Hannah Critchfield, ‘Somebody Dropped the Ball’: Deaths in Prisons Continued, Even as NC COVID Cases Stabilized, North Carolina Health News (Oct. 21, 2020), https://www.northcarolinahealthnews.org/2020/10/21/deaths-in-prisons-continue-even-as-nc-covid-cases-stabilize/.
A State-by-State Look, supra note 2.
North Carolina Coronavirus Map and Case Count, The New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/us/north-carolina-coronavirus-cases.html (last updated Dec. 1, 2020 7:44 AM).
Christopher Ingraham, Even Violent Crime Victims Say Our Prisons Are Making Crime Worse, The Washington Post (Aug. 5, 2016 9:12 AM), https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/08/05/even-violent-crime-victims-say-our-prisons-are-making-crime-worse/.
Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic, Prison Policy Initiative, https://www.prisonpolicy.org/virus/virusresponse.html (last updated Nov. 24, 2020).
Michael Balsamo & Michael R. Sisak, Federal Prisons to Prioritize Staff to Receive Virus Vaccine, Associated Press News (Nov. 23, 2020), https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-pandemic-prisons-85361fcf7cda33c7b6afb5ad8d2df8a2.
Thompson, supra note 1.
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I always enjoy having art teachers in the groups of educators I work with. Their presence is good for me, and good for the group. They tend to be more conceptual in their thinking. They push back against any perceived technology-for-technology's-sake thinking, and they refuse to let go of the kinesthetic components of art -- the feel of stick charcoal or of a gum eraser. At the bottom of it all, I like to believe that humane creativity is their business.
A few weeks back, I was engaged in a discussion with a group of teachers on how to better support the development of creative minds. I said something about the art room being a creative place when an elementary art teacher spoke up and said that it can be, depending on the teacher's approach.
When I asked for clarification, I was introduced to the term "freedom within a structure" -- in other words, making the assignment clear and focused, but allowing real freedom in how the tasks will be accomplished.
Autonomy Has Limits
The importance of this concept was explained this way: Let's say we bring a group of kids into the art room and tell them they can do whatever they want. Will they become creative? I always thought the answer to this was yes, but turns out the answer is no.
What the vast majority will tend to do is replicate earlier efforts for which they have been praised -- those efforts they have perceived as successful. In other words, people will do over what they have already done.
Are you really good at drawing horses? Look out -- here comes another horse. As a youngster, were you praised for successfully turning a bowl on the potter's wheel? Spin that baby up, and let's do it again! For me, it would probably be some sort of extension on the skill of drawing airplanes I mastered back in sixth grade.
I remember seeing the antithesis of this concept one time in an elementary school in northern Scotland. The kids all went off to art class, where they were shown a realistic plastic model of a pig. They were then each given a chunk of clay from which they were to make their own pigs.
So, of course, they set out to make the plastic pig's twin, and were critiqued by their teacher, who carried the model around for comparisons. Replication was the goal, and I worry that Picasso would have failed miserably. Good pig makers might be the result of this lesson, but not creative thinkers.
But what about a mathematics class, where the kids are taught a way, or the way, to solve a certain kind of problem? How different is this from the pig lesson described above? Doesn't that model imply that replication rather than innovation is the right way, and that this is clearly what teachers are looking for?
Let Some Freedom Ring
Now, of course, there are certain ways of solving specific types of problems that are worth learning, but this learning must be seen as a small piece of a much bigger picture. Though the smudging of chalk, or various types of weaves, are valuable skills for an artist, they do not in and of themselves make a creative artist.
So it is with mathematics. The ability to successfully resolve one problem does not make a creative mathematician. Rather, in both cases, it is only the application of these discrete skills in the context of a complex effort -- some traditional and some innovative -- that will support the development of a creative mind.
Skills are important, and I think the best teachers teach discrete skills in ways that allow diverse learners to become successful. That is one of the easy parts, if there are any, to classroom teaching.
More difficult is to provide the deeper learning activities in which real creativity is nurtured and developed. These are activities that ask students to make use of their new skills to accomplish complex tasks. And the very best activities ask them to be creative in the application of their new-found skills.
A Look Inside the Classroom
This is sort of like asking a student who has learned to use a tape measure, a saw, and a hammer while building bookcases for classrooms to build a chicken coop for a community farm.
"OK, I can measure accurately, cut a square end, and drive nails from 16 penny on down, but I think I better learn a bit about chickens and what that farm wants before I get started here" is what we would hope to hear our learners say. They have freedom to use their skills in any way they want, but they are asked to use them to complete an assigned task.
An art assignment that reflects this thinking is one done by friend and colleague Argy Nestor, visual and performing arts specialist at the Maine Department of Education, during her years teaching in a coastal Maine district. As I remember, the kids were asked to select a painting from a collection of the masters.
They then were asked to use a paint program to create their own digital copy of it and then select the medium of their choice to copy it nondigitally -- plenty of structure, plenty of freedom, and stunning results. There was ample evidence that the students had looked closely at their selected masterwork, and that using two very different ways to re-create it had given them insights into the art that can never come to the person who simply looks at it and writes down what they see.
So, you, like all teachers, teach skills. How do you go further than the skills to approach creativity? How do you provide your students with freedom within a structure? Do you ask them to get creative in a serious way, to use their skills to ferret out the Achilles' heel of the challenge you have set for them? Come on -- we can all use some more creative thinking and activities. What would you like to share?
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Sanctions cause substantial harm – not only to targeted regimes. The costs usually outweigh the benefits but rolling back sanctions proves extremely difficult.
In a nutshell
- Western sanctions policies produce little tangible effect
- Collateral damage is huge and not limited to the targeted regimes
- Ending sanctions against big powers like Russia or China is hard
In early November, relations between Belarus and the European Union further deteriorated. As the regime in Minsk deployed military force to push migrants into Lithuania and Poland, the latter responded by enhancing their military presence at the border.
When news agencies began broadcasting footage of the migrants’ plight, the knee-jerk reaction of the European Union was to impose sanctions. Whether this move was instrumental in causing the situation to de-escalate is not at issue here. Belarus strongman Aleksander Lukashenko’s decision to begin repatriating some of the migrants, and move others into a warehouse out of sight, may equally well have been the consequence of pressure from the Kremlin or of some convoluted form of bribery from Brussels.
Failure to reach objectives
The pivotal question here goes beyond what may be achieved with sanctions in the short term. It concerns whether the practice of imposing sanctions has an endgame or if sanctions, once implemented, will become a permanent fixture in international relations. The case of sanctions against China illustrates the latter.
Outraged by the 1989 Tiananmen massacre, the United States imposed an arms embargo. Key European allies followed suit, with slight modifications. More than three decades later, those sanctions remain in force. Their effect was to deprive Western arms manufacturers of an important market, which instead was captured by Russia, providing a lifeline for Russian military industries. The subsequent imposition of sanctions on Russia (in response to its 2014 aggression against Ukraine) served to bring Moscow even closer to Beijing, into a common front against the West.
The Western powers ensured that the People’s Liberation Army would become tightly involved with the Russian military.
There are three crucial lessons to learn here. The first is that the embargo was unsuccessful in preventing a Chinese military buildup. The second is that by abstaining from military cooperation with China, the Western powers ensured that the People’s Liberation Army would become tightly involved with the Russian military. And the third is that making powerful moral statements has become so important in Western political culture that the price to be paid for sanctioning China was deemed acceptable.
The core of the problem for those who advocate the imposition of sanctions is that doing so will produce substantial damage – not only to the targeted regime. There will be collateral damage to international trade and economic development, and the conduct of international relations. In consequence, it becomes essential to ascertain that the benefits outweigh the costs.
Some, like the American economist Steve Hanke, have been harshly critical: “The sanctions are, of course, a mug’s game. Indeed, sanctions have almost universally failed to achieve their objectives. The one thing they do, though, is to impose real costs on many intended and unintended victims, including the international economic system.” Others, like Jeremy Greenstock, a former United Kingdom ambassador to Moscow, have preferred to adopt a more pragmatic approach, emphasizing that “there is nothing else between words and military action if you want pressure to bear on a government.” This is the essence of the predicament. Moral commitments force Western powers to sanction unacceptable behavior. Yet, in cases like China and Russia, it is recognized that words will be ineffectual, and that military action is too dangerous.
A serious discussion about sanctions would be served well by abstaining from faux claims.
Can sanctions then really be deployed in a manner that causes targeted regimes to mend their ways? In the case of Russia, sanctions have not caused the Kremlin to reverse its decision to annex Crimea. And it has not withdrawn or even admitted its presence in the war in Donbas. In that limited sense, sanctions failed to achieve their objective.
Those who argue in favor of sanctions will maintain that there have been significant benefits, namely deterring Russia from escalating its aggression. It is claimed, for example, that sanctions stopped Russia from launching a full-scale invasion. The latter scenario was championed by General Philip Breedlove, at the time supreme allied commander Europe (SACEUR) of the NATO Allied Command Operations.
During the summer of 2014, the general repeatedly warned that Russia was preparing to roll across southern Ukraine from Mariupol to Odessa and onward to link up with the Russian garrison in Transnistria in Moldova. But claims that sanctions prevented this from happening suffer from two major faults.
It presumes knowledge about Russian intentions, which is a long stretch indeed. And it comes up short on realism. It was unsettling, of course, that Russia had massed some 40,000 troops on the border with Ukraine, but those troops would not have sufficed to undertake a full-scale invasion and partial occupation. A serious discussion of sanctions would be served well by abstaining from such claims.
A more general problem concerns whether the sanctions have been painful enough. Given that the Kremlin has refused to mend its ways, over time it has become increasingly important to repeat the mantra that “the sanctions are biting.” While there can be little doubt that the sanctions have damaged Russian economic development, assessing the magnitude of the harm has been difficult. The reason is that the introduction of sanctions coincided with the collapse in oil prices, which was vastly more painful for Russia.
It would be possible to exclude Russia from the SWIFT payment system, which would cripple its interaction with the global economy.
The Russian side has muddied the waters even further by claiming that the sanctions have been beneficial, forcing corporations to shake out inefficiencies and become more competitive. Import substitution has also allegedly succeeded in compensating for the loss of crucial military imports from Ukraine. While these claims have been largely dubious (only in food production did these policies produce the desired effects), they have served to add confusion and embolden those in the West who argue in favor of tightening the screw.
Three very different developments are possible.
The first, the favored approach among hardline sanctions advocates, is to keep ratcheting the punishment until the targeted regime eventually breaks. In the case of Russia, plenty more could be done to increase the pain.
It would be possible to exclude Russia from the SWIFT payment system, which would cripple its interaction with the global economy. In anticipation of this possibility, the Kremlin has attempted to join Chinese banks in building an alternative payment system, but that has not been overly successful. The same goes for the Sino-Russian ambition to displace the U.S. dollar as an international reserve currency, an aspiration that has been limited to currency swaps in the renminbi.
Excluding Russia from SWIFT was known in the early debate about sanctions as the extreme option and would still have a significant impact. The same goes for sanctioning central bank reserves. In anticipation of this possibility, the Russian Central Bank has reduced its dollar holdings, but it still has ample reserves that could be targeted.
A problem with this scenario is that experience speaks against success. While advocates of escalation like to draw parallels to the damage inflicted on Iran, they are not keen on mentioning the failure to force Tehran to give up its nuclear ambition.
Authoritarian regimes have proven ready to absorb frightening punishment when they feel that national, or more precisely, regime interest is at stake. Cuba and North Korea come to mind. In the case of Russia, the Kremlin has not been shy about referring to the legendary Russian endurance that has characterized the Russian population when faced with past hardship.
Hard nuts to crack
One may even argue that sanctions have been counterproductive, and that they have strengthened the Putin regime. The most effective part has aimed at denying Russia access to international credit markets. This restriction has caused substantial deleveraging, as Russian debtors have been unable to roll over debt. Also, it has caused the cronies of the regime to become even more dependent on the goodwill of the Kremlin to make ends meet.
Another problem with escalating the pressure until a regime break is that one cannot assume that a sanctioned regime will accept the punishment without retaliation. The case of Belarus shows that a small state with little coercive power may still develop severe asymmetric responses, such as weaponizing migrants, that cause substantial harm and dislocation.
To date, Russia has limited its response to countersanctions against food imports. Although it caused some harm to major food exporters like Finland and Poland, its main effect was to provide business opportunities for the regime’s cronies via smuggling and exploiting niches for domestic import substitution.
Looking forward, one cannot exclude that if the Kremlin decides it has been pushed too hard, it will respond more forcefully. It could, for example, escalate its military involvement in Ukraine by launching a limited campaign in the south to capture Mariupol and link up with Crimea. This scenario has surely been war-gamed by the Russian military, down to the finest detail, and there is little that NATO could do – beyond moral condemnations (and more sanctions).
A negotiated solution
Given that the imposition of sanctions was prompted by moral outrage, a negotiated way out would have significant ethical implications. One possibility could be a de facto (if not de jure) Western recognition of Russia’s annexation of Crimea, coupled with a removal of sanctions. This could lead to a withdrawal of Russian support for the rebel militias in Donbas – if Kiev accepts federalization and Russian influence over decision-making by the government in Ukraine.
While such moves would facilitate the normalization of relations between Russia and the West and likely also boost trade and investment, they would be bound to trigger strong political reactions. The Ukrainians would cry foul, and media in the West would voice outrage about appeasement and rewarding Russian aggression.
By far the most odious consequence of a climbdown is that it would allow the Kremlin to win twice. First, by getting away with its illegal annexation of Crimea and denying its involvement in Donbas. And second, by cashing in as the West drops its sanctions without having paid the price.
The combination of these implications suggests that the likelihood of a climbdown must be regarded as slim.
Business as usual
With both escalation and a climbdown ruled out, the third and most likely scenario is that of continuation of the current policy, implying that sanctions will indeed become a permanent fixture in international relations.
Those who favor a gradual but determined expansion in the practice of responding to political problems by imposing sanctions will advocate for measures that are increasingly refined in pinpointing intended targets. And they will find support in the fact that Western governments have become prisoners of their strong commitment to upholding (Western) values.
The main problem with this scenario is that it will cause an ever-deeper gulf between Russia and the West, and in the process, see Chinese President Xi Jinping laughing all the way to Taipei. The increasing importance of sanctions is also accompanied by an expanding bureaucracy with a vested interest in maintaining the status quo. Beltway think tanks that thrive on advocacy are proliferating too. As a result, sanctions will, quite simply, become the new normal in international relations, displacing the old practice of realpolitik.
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Lakshmi Narayana Temple Pratishta
jagchat01 at YAHOO.COM
Tue Sep 10 03:54:00 CDT 2002
In Orissa (India) at least there are many instances of
Buddhist temples being converted to Hindu temples.
The reverse is also possible. The Jagannath Temple at
Puri was, for a period, converted into a Buddhist
temple till Sri Shankaracharya reverted it back to the
Hindu Vaidic fold. The image of Lord Buddha which was
then worshipped is hidden in the temple precincts and
today goes by the name of Adi Surya. You have to bribe
the survitors to see it.
There are also hardcore kapalika temples in Orissa
where the powers of the deities have been minimised by
a tantric process and today the worship is confined to
offering of flowers (hibiscus) and fruits. One such
temple at Bhubaneswar (Vaital Temple) was once famous
for regular human sacrifices. This temple is said to
be of Buddhist origin.
Actually the structure and scope of temples has always
been defined by the ruling patronage. So I don't think
it surprising that Hindu temples (vaidic or not) may
owe their origins to other religious structures.
Perhaps all this is most evident in Jagannatha Temple
in Puri where the rituals combine
--- Malolan Cadambi <cadambi at HOTPOP.COM> wrote:
> >Tracing the origins of many temples like
> kanchi/shringeri would definitely lead us to
> Bauddha/Jaina / Kapalika/kalamukha roots!! Hence my
> query is >limited to current practice [ ie in the
> last few centuries]
> ????? Boudha/Jaina origins? Please substanstiate on
> this matter. Boudha, Jaina and other nastika
> philosophies hijacked the aasthika temples. None of
> the vaidika temples can be of nasthika origin.
Yahoo! - We Remember
9-11: A tribute to the more than 3,000 lives lost
More information about the Advaita-l mailing list
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Division of Natural Resources
Hotlines & Programs
Hunting & Fishing Hotline
Call for our recorded message which brings you the latest places and prospects for good hunting and fishing -- (304) 558-3399.
DNR Hunter Education Classes
No person born on or after January 1, 1975, may purchase a hunting license without proof of completing a certified hunter education course, and any person who purchases a lifetime hunting license before their 15th birthday must complete a certified hunter education course before using the license. For information on hunter education classes -- 1 (800) 243-9968.
Fish and Wildlife Law Violations
To report any fish and game law violation anywhere in West Virginia -- 1 (800) NET-GAME (1-800-638-4263).
Spring Gobbler Survey
The Division of Natural Resources conducts an annual spring gobbler survey. Spring turkey hunters interested in participating in the survey should contact the following office:
Division of Natural Resources
Hunters Helping Hungry
Donate your deer to help feed the hungry. West Virginia hunters and state meat processors can help provide nutritious meals for needy people throughout the state by participating in the "Hunters Helping the Hungry" program.
All sportsmen who legally harvest a deer during the first week of the 1997 bow season, and the entire 12-day buck, 3-day antlerless and 6-day muzzleloader seasons can deliver the deer to the nearest participating meat processor who will prepare the meat for pick-up by the Mountaineer Food Bank of Gassaway, West Virginia.
The Mountaineer Food Bank is the only West Virginia certified member of Second Harvest, a national network committed to feeding the hungry. The Food Bank is a non-profit organization inspected and approved by the West Virginia Department of Agriculture. The Mountaineer Food Bank will be distributing the ground venison to the needy through their network of qualified charitable agencies.
Hunters wishing to donate a deer this season can get information about cooperating meat processors by contacting the nearest District Game Biologist or:
Jack I. Cromer
Public Shooting Ranges in West Virginia
With the steady growth of wildlife populations and shooting sports, there arose a corresponding growth in the need to provide convenient and safe public shooting ranges. The West Virginia Wildlife Resources Section has constructed these ranges and funds their building, operation and maintenance from the sale of fishing, hunting and trapping licenses and Conservation Stamps.
To view the district map, click on the small map.
Facilities by district include:
*Hillcrest Wildlife Management Area -- Located in Hancock County on state Rt. 14, the range has seven covered shooting benches with a maximum backstop distance of 100 yards.
*Moundsville Public Range -- The Moundsville Rifle and Pistol Club operates the indoor range with eight 50-foot shooting stations. Only .22 caliber rifles and handguns are used. A 35-foot archery range is also available. The range is located in Marshall County at Moundsville.
*Pleasants Creek Wildlife Management Area -- Located in Barbour County six miles north of Philippi on U.S. Rtes. 119 and 250, the range has two covered benches that accommodate 16 shooters, with a maximum backstop distance of 200 yards.
White Horse Range -- Leased by the West Virginia Rifle and Pistol Association, the 100-yard range is located 10 miles north of Buckhannon on state Rt. 20 in Barbour County.
Brandywine Public Range -- Located on Shenandoah Wildlife Management Area in the George Washington National Forest, the range has eight covered shooting benches, with a maximum backstop distance of 100 yards.
*Elk River Wildlife Management Area -- Adjacent to Braxton County Airport, this public range has eight covered shooting benches with a maximum backstop distance of 175 yards.
*Stonewall Jackson Wildlife Management Area -- Located in Lewis County just of U. S. Rt. 19, three miles east of I-79 from exits 91 and 96, the range has ten covered shooting benches with a maximum backstop distance of 300 yards.
*Summersville Lake Wildlife Management Area -- With a 28 station bow hunting range and a 50-yard field archery range with target frames at 10-,20-,30-,40- and 50-yards, this public archery range is located three miles south of Summersville on U.S. Rt. 19 on Long Point Ridge Road, just past the Summersville Airport.
Panther State Forest -- Five covered shooting benches with a maximum backstop distance of 100 yards are located near the park headquarters near Panther in McDowell County.
*Plum Orchard Lake Wildlife Management Area -- Located in southern Fayette County near Pax, this range has six covered shooting benches with a maximum backstop distance of 175 yards. Exit the WV Turnpike at Pax or Mossy interchange and take state Rtes. 23 and 23/1.
*R. D. Bailey Wildlife Management Area -- Six covered shooting benches with a maximum backstop distance of 200 yards is located on Moccasin Creek in Wyoming County just off state Rt. 97.
*Big Ugly Wildlife Management Area -- Six covered shooting benches with a maximum backstop distance of 100 yards are in Lincoln County on Delta Rt. 11 above the area office.
*Chief Cornstalk Wildlife Management Area -- Located in Mason County on country Rt. 40 off U.S. Rt. 35 near Beech Hill, the range has eight covered shooting benches with a maximum backstop distance of 200 yards. A 50-yard archery range is also available.
*Fork Creek Wildlife Management Area -- Located in Boone County three miles northwest of Nellis on county Rt. 802, this WMA offers six covered shooting benches with a backstop at 100 yards.
*Kanawha State Forest -- Eleven covered shooting benches are provided with a maximum backstop distance of 100 yards at this state forest located in Kanawha County seven miles south of Charleston on Davis Creek off county Rt. 23.
*McClintic Wildlife Management Area -- Located north of Pt. Pleasant, Mason County, on state Rt. 62, eight covered shooting benches are available with a maximum backstop distance of 100 yards.
Elizabeth Public Shooting Range -- Five covered shooting benches with a maximum backstop distance of 100 yards is provided in Wirt County 1/2 mile south of Elizabeth on county Rt. 1.
*Frozen Camp Wildlife Management Area -- The shooting range has eight covered shooting benches with a maximum backstop distance of 200 yards and is located in Jackson County seven miles east of Ripley off state Rt. 33, on county Rt. 28.
Glenville Public Shooting Range -- Located one mile north of state Rt. 5 at Glenville, Gilmer County on state Rt. 35/15 near the Gilmer County Recreation Center, the range has seven covered shooting benches, with a maximum backstop distance of 100 yards. A 50-yard pistol range with 8 covered benches is also available.
Harrisville Public Shooting Range -- A 25-yard pistol range with three covered shooting benches and a 100-yard rifle range with four covered benches are located in Ritchie County one mile north of Harrisville.
*Mountwood Park Public Shooting Range -- Located in Wood County 12 miles east of Parkersburg, the range has five covered shooting benches with a maximum backstop distance of 100 yards.
*These ranges have a handicap accessible shooting bench, but handicapped users may need assistance in placing and retrieving targets.
For more information contact the nearest DNR District office.
WV DNR Poll
CU GalleriesView All Galleries »
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Steam Cloud Balloon
From the Super Mario Wiki
The Steam Cloud Balloon was a hot-air balloon which could disguise itself as a cloud thanks to a special steam machine that Luigi had installed in it.
The Steam Cloud Balloon only appeared in The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 episode "Mind Your Mummy Mommy, Mario". Needing a way to approach Castle Koopa unnoticed, Raccoon Luigi towed the Steam Cloud Balloon through Dark Land towards the castle, while Princess Toadstool and Toad rode in it.
The Steam Cloud Balloon was destroyed when it got sucked up by a Mushroom Kingdom Twister, and was hurled into a tower of the castle. This was a huge loss on the group's part, as they had been planning to use the balloon to escape from the castle with Prince Mushroomkhamen's stolen mummy case.
Although the Steam Cloud Balloon couldn't be rebuilt, Luigi succeeded in reusing the broken parts to construct his own Steam-Powered Mummy Sled, which he, Princess Toadstool and Toad rode on with the mummy case to escape from Castle Koopa.
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|Harry Houdini, full-length portrait, standing, facing front, in chains (Photo credit: Wikipedia)|
1962:Marilyn Monroe is found dead in the bedroom of her Los Angeles home, presumably from an overdose of sleeping pills. The film star was 36 years old.
1926: Harry Houdini attempts one of his final and most notable feats — spending 91 minutes in an airtight metal box submerged in a swimming pool at the Hotel Shelton in New York City. The legendary magician and escape artist would die only two months later of appendicitis, at age 52.
1975: Stevie Wonder signs a $37 million recording contract for seven years and seven LPs with Motown Records; it is the largest music contract for a solo artist in history.
1995:Today is Victory and Homeland Thanksgiving Day for Croatians
1985:Rock & Roll Hall of Fame is announced and established.
1914:First electric traffic light installed
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Perry is backing a flat tax, but, true to form, hasn't yet released many details of his plan. Alex Altman claims that Perry is "the highest-profile presidential contender in history to hook his Oval Office hopes to the flat tax":
The flat tax has multiple variations, but the basic idea is to replace the progressive scale presently in use with a single, fixed rate and jettison deductions, credits and taxes on income accrued through investment. Since being popularized by a pair of Stanford economists in the early 1980s, the flat tax has intermittently surfaced in presidential campaigns, often as a way for second-tier candidates to capitalize on frustration with the byzantine tax structure by urging an uncluttered fix.
Steve Forbes’ 1996 presidential bid is a famous example of this phenomenon, but not all the candidates who used the flat or fair tax as a springboard have been conservative — as Steve Kornacki notes, Jerry Brown harnessed its appeal to great effect in the 1992 Democratic primary, and in the Senate Arlen Specter was a recent proponent.
And my sympathy for it lies primarily in its simplicity. There is a direct relationship between the complexity of the tax code and corruption. The rich can afford accountants to keep their taxes low – shifting money and valuables around in myriad ways. The people doing that kind of work could actually be doing something productive. I'm leerier today of that kind of flatness because of its regressivity in an era of spiraling inequality. But a progressive tax system can also be far, far, far simpler than what we have today.
I remain baffled by the Obama administration's inability to seize tax simplification as an issue. Until they do, the GOP will retain an edge. And the lobbyist hordes will keep feasting.
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Wildfire season is back, Cal Fire has a guide on how to stay prepared
It’s the time of year again that Californians dread: wildfire season.
Last year’s fires were some of the biggest ever recorded and this year has the added issue of a statewide drought. Despite the lack of knowledge about what this season holds for locals, there are things we can do to prepare, thanks to a guide put out by Cal Fire.
Emergency Supply Kit
A kit like this is something that should be prepared ahead of time so you can be ready to grab it and go if an evacuation becomes necessary. It can help you and your family plan for the need to be away from your home for a while. Backpacks or a chest on wheels are a couple of ideas on how to store the items you should have, which are listed below:
- Face masks or covering
- Three-day supply of non-perishable food and three gallons of water per person
- Map marked with at least two evacuation routes
- Prescriptions or special medications
- Change of clothing
- Extra eyeglasses or contact lenses
- An extra set of car keys, credit cards, cash or traveler’s checks
- First aid kit
- Battery-powered radio and extra batteries
- Sanitation supplies
- Copies of important documents (birth certificates, passports, etc.)
- Pet food and water
If time allows, Cal Fire also suggests the following items:
- Easily carried valuables
- Family photos and other irreplaceable items
- Personal computer information on hard drives and disks
- Chargers for cell phones, laptops, etc.
Along with having an emergency supply kit, you should also have a wildfire action plan that includes an evacuation plan for your home, family and pets. (It’s worth noting that many people don’t account for their pets in their plans, as evidenced by the many found lost during fires; in the 2018 Camp Fire, over 80 pets died and over 40 went missing).
Your evacuation plan should have a designated meeting location outside the fire area along with multiple escape routes from your home and neighborhood. You can practice these routes ahead of time to be ready on the day of a fire. It can help to talk with your neighbors about your plans as well.
In addition to an evacuation plan, a family communication plan that includes a designated out of area friend or relative who can act as a single source of communication may help.
For those with children, FEMA has a site for kids to help prepare them for a disaster through safety steps, tips and games. The U.S. Forest Service also has an interactive Smokey Bear site with resources about preventing forest fires.
Some groups may have more specific needs when it comes to preparing for a fire. Fire safety outreach materials for those with disabilities can be seen here and here. And for older residents, the American Red Cross has a guide by and for seniors.
Angelica Cabral is a journalist and podcaster for The Californian covering a wide variety of topics from movies filmed in Monterey County to how much political candidates have fundraised. Have a tip for an interesting story? Email her at email@example.com. You can also follow her on Twitter @avcabral97
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Some Words on Package Managers, Wine and Strace
Hello, this blog post belongs to my operating systems course as homework 2. You can have a look at earlier posts for the course from the links below.
The Real Usage Statistics of Linux Kernel Based Virtual Machines
This homework has 3 questions, I'll answer them with given order. Here is the questions;
- (q1) rhel 6 is running on a server which has ibm power 7 processor. if i take xeyes application from there, and move it to the my virtual rhel 6 instillation on my pc, would it be run? Explain briefly.
- (q2) how can we run notepad++ on rhel 6 that we installed to the vm. take a video for it and upload it to youtube. (well, no, i don't like videos)
- (q3) Write a
hello worldprogram with c. Run strace utility on it and paraphrase the system calls.
a1) ISA is important
I've never worked with IBM Power 7 processors, but a quick look-up to this wikipedia article showed that it has a microarchitecture called Power ISA v.2.06. We can guess that it is probably not compatible with our x86 architecture processors.
But, can it be run? yes, if virtual machine utility creators (vbox, vmware) supports an emulated power 7 processors on their program, that should work just fine. But, it's not there today. (I'm talking from virtual box side, I have 0 idea what vmware supports in terms of hardware emulation)
a2) Wine installation on Cent-OS
We talked about that linux is free and it has a lot of variants on the lecture. RedHat is a linux distribution which is mainly focuses on server platforms. There are some variants of redhat enterprise linux such as centos (which we installed to our machines) and fedora (which is more focused on desktop users). I want to give you some information on installing packages on these systems so you can get what's going on more easily.
Now, if we want to install wine on our system, we can just download the source code, and compile it, but this can get a bit complex. For that reason, linux distributions created some package installer for their system. Since CentOS and Fedora are RedHat forks, we can use RPM (RedHat Package Manager) to install software.
However this is not as easy as you might think. Why? Because RPM do not help you to install dependencies automatically. This has advantages and disadvantages. The disadvantage is, well you have to install every dependency by hand, furthermore, the dependent libraries may be dependent to another libraries and so on.
If you think about it, it's quite overwhelming. What can be the advantage then? Well, you might be running a server, and you don't want to install something automatically that you're not aware. E.g. you may be installing some sort of application but you are not aware that it is dependent on Java, if it was automatically installs java on your server, you can get in serious troubles. (According to recent reports, java is the most vulnerable software out there: Kaspersky Top 10 Vulnerability List )
But, what if you're not running a server, and you just want to install something on your computer. (like our wine installation) Well, there is a solution for that, which is called YUM. YUM is more intelligent package manager then RPM, it search your query on its database, and installs it with dependencies. So we just need to update yum database to insert wine specific packages to there, and install it using yum easily.
Step 1: Update your current software.
(this is not needed but recommended before installing new software) ($ means a new line of code to the linux terminal screen)
$ yum upgrade
Step 2: Insert EPEL to your yum database to install wine.
$ su $ wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/x86_64/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm $ wget http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-5.rpm $ rpm -Uvh remi-release-5*.rpm epel-release-5*.rpm
We first used su (switch user) command to be root user. You will need to be root to install new software. Then we have run every line one by one. (wget is used to download something from the web and we used rpm to install epel)
You should verify that the following output is similar in your machine.
$ ls -l /etc/yum.repos.d/ total 28 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1926 Feb 25 10:57 CentOS-Base.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 638 Feb 25 10:57 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 630 Feb 25 10:57 CentOS-Media.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3664 Feb 25 10:57 CentOS-Vault.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 957 Nov 5 2012 epel.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1056 Nov 5 2012 epel-testing.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1020 Feb 12 20:50 remi.repo
Step 3: Enable REMI before installing wine
Type the following command to the terminal. Gedit is a text editor for linux machines. Find the line that states enabled=0, you should change it to enabled=1 and save it.
$ gedit /etc/yum.repos.d/remi.repo
Step 4: Install wine with yum
Type the codes below one by one again. The first line will install wine the second line will configure it. You should be able to run many .exe files from your linux distro by right clicking on it and choosing run with wine option.
$ yum install wine $ winecfg
Step 5: Install notepad++
You can type the following code to the terminal to install notepad++ from its website or you can go to notepad++ website and downloading the installer from there.
$ wget http://download.tuxfamily.org/notepadplus/6.3.3/npp.6.3.3.Installer.exe
note; I was planning to take screenshots but the post itself get quite long. So I'm skipping that as well.
a3) Strace Utility
There is nothing fancy here and I don't have intention to copy/paste API calls from here: Linux API Calls
I just wondered what would happen if I run strace from virtual machine and from native installation on the same code. (Since vm uses emulated processor and memory) I noticed that VM based output contains few lines more than the native one. (it has some more MMAP calls) But that can be about the compiler versions, so I'm not sure whats going on there.
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In other phrases, if you’ve obtained greater viewing angles, then your camera will seize more. This is kind of important outdoors, as a camera with a wide viewing angle will see more of what’s going on.
Lumix Fz1000m2 20.1mp Digital Camera, 16x 25-400mm Leica Dc Lens – Dc-fz1000m2
By the time of Apollo, Hasselblad and NASA were working hand-in-hand to provide the 500EL, suited to lengthy-duration flight and the vagaries of the lunar environment. The producer constructed a excessive-capacity movie holder, while Eastman Kodak invented a thinner film emulsion — a mixture that resulted in getting hundreds of shots out of a single magazine. When NASA obtained a take a look at Schirra’s Hasselblad, they favored what they saw. Engineers tore into the off-the-shelf client mannequin to make it space-worthy.
Here’s How Trump Could Ban The Chinese-owned App Tiktok
They stripped it down to avoid wasting weight and painted it boring black to scale back reflections. They additionally had to “astronaut-proof it,” says Cole Rise, a photographer and filmmaker who builds custom reproductions of the Hasselblad house cameras. Viewing angles are described in degrees, with greater numbers taking in a wider area of view.
So, the astronauts have been instructed to pack the uncovered movie but depart behind the Hasselblads. On later missions that concerned longer romps on the floor, there was more time for pictures, and every astronauts carried his own camera. Even so, NASA had such problem telling one identically suited astronaut from another that a red stripe was added to the commander’s go well with at the arms, legs and helmet to help distinguish the pair.
Do you want the images and videos to be obtainable even when your utility is uninstalled? Check out the Saving Media Files section to see how to implement these choices. As a result, they imposed strict weight-limits on what the astronauts might take residence. Moon rocks, it turns out, are more useful than cameras.
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A virtual boost for workplace safety
The University of Queensland (UQ) has teamed up with the construction and resources industries to develop a world-first construction and mining simulator training program in Brisbane.
The Construction Training Centre (CTC), in conjunction with the Mining Industry Skills Centre, has established a world-first simulator training facility for the construction and mining industries at Salisbury in Brisbane's south.
The UQ School of Human Movement Studies' Dr Jennifer Tichon and her colleagues are investigating the validity and efficacy of the simulator training program, which aims to prepare personnel to work safely in hazardous construction sites.
“Civil construction, critical to Australia's economic growth, has significant safety issues and severe labour shortages,” Tichon said.
“Our research will test and refine the simulator training to ensure it is valid and effective for heavy industry, as well as assist in the development of accelerated training programs with improved safety outcomes.
“Simulators offer a means of accelerating training and enabling staff to familiarise themselves with hazardous situations without the risk of injury."
The Workplace Health & Safety Show Sydney has announced the line-up of speakers for its...
WorkSafe has released updated guidance to help employers better communicate health and safety...
The Queensland Mining & Energy Union has said that a safety review of labour hire company...
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Category Archives: Urbanism
1. Some people have never heard of smart growth. What a pity it is to be unaware that we’ve been sold an inefficient way of life, and that there’s a beautiful, simpler, less expensive way to live. This book club is a vehicle to raise awareness and do our part to build a critical mass in society that will effect change that will improve air quality, our health and create stronger communities.
2. It’s a forum for smart growth devotees to network and share information. Meeting together is an enjoyable and easy way to learn. We blog face-to-face, if you will, and get to know who else is out there striving for common sense in our communities. Smart growth is about community, right?
3. Together, we may brainstorm ways to practically make the Lehigh Valley a better place to live, work, play, and worship.
4. We can make ourselves available to help one another recalibrate our own communities. For example, we may share ordinances and codes which have worked, or even attend each others’ township meetings.
5. It is hoped that this will lead to local, bi-partisan community support, and commonsense behavior. Smart growth is a broad-based cause that I believe is supported by everyone who understands it. Conservatives ought to be behind it because it aids families and the economy and saves money. Liberals should back it since it is a framework for better social parity and environmental sustainability. The need for it reaches every person’s life.
6. And of course, the book club is an excuse to better educate ourselves and thus make better choices.
To date we have held two meetings, and the conversation has been enjoyable, enlightening, and encouraging. We’re still working through James Howard Kunstler’s Home from Nowhere, an engaging book that will draw in the novice as well as give talking points to the experienced. Our December meeting “covered” only the book’s first half, so in order to do it justice, let’s discuss the second half in January. As always, if you can’t read the book, you won’t be left out in the cold; your presence is important. We hope to see you at The Allentown Brew Works at 6 pm on Tuesday, Jan. 21! Please spread the word.
If possible, sign up on Facebook, or email Joanne Guth at firstname.lastname@example.org to let me know you’re going.
Smart growth isn’t simply a matter for cities to discuss and work toward, it can be used at the township and borough level to encourage sustainable suburbs. In more rural regions, Traditional Neighborhood Development has taken hold in the planning process for smart communities.
The PA Municipalities Planning Code defines Traditional Neighborhood Development (TND) as follows:
“Traditional neighborhood development, an area of land developed for a compatible mixture of residential units for various income levels and nonresidential commercial and workplace uses, including some structures that provide for a mix of uses within the same building. Residences, shops, offices, workplaces, public buildings, and parks are interwoven within the neighborhood so that all are within relatively close proximity to each other. Traditional neighborhood development is relatively compact, limited in size and oriented toward pedestrian activity. It has an identifiable center and a discernable edge. The center ofthe neighborhood is in the form of a public park, commons, plaza, square or prominent intersection of two or more major streets. Generally, there is a hierarchy of streets laid out in a rectilinear or grid pattern
of interconnecting streets and blocks which provide multiple routes from origins to destinations and are appropriately designed to serve the needs of pedestrians and vehicles equally.”
Traditional neighborhoods have several physical features that are recognizable: short front yard setbacks, street walls, and multiple transportation choices (cars, bicycling and walking). Sounds nice, doesn’t it? But what are the objectives?
Communities utilize TND to address concerns in several fields: transportation, safety, sociability, housing access, visual character and identity. For transportation, TND’s reduce the number of commuter miles because of access to public transit and biking which also leads to decreased traffic congestion. TNDs see less crime within their communities because of the secure areas that can easily be surveilled. These neighborhoods promote socialization across diverse groups of people and build a sense of community. One of the most important aspects of TNDs is the variety and affordability of the units. Housing types often associated with TNDs include apartments built over garages and apartments over stores or offices. These scattered units can help meet the needs for rental units without overwhelming an area with massive apartment complexes. The opportunity for creating more affordable housing arises from the higher densities found in TNDs and by the inclusion of rental units and ownership housing units, like condominiums and single family attached housing, in the housing mix.
To learn more about Traditional Neighborhood Development or to see pictures of Lehigh Valley TNDs, check out the Lehigh Valley Planning Commission’s report here. This fall, Renew Lehigh Valley will be hosting a conference on smart growth and our keynote speaker will be urban planner and specialist in Traditional Neighborhood Design, Tom Comitta. Look for more information soon about registering for the conference!
What’s in a name? That which we call a rose
By any other name would smell as sweet.
Currently a township, Whitehall is considering the requirements and consequences for their designation as a city, and from the rapid growth in its population it looks like Allentown, Bethlehem and Easton may have a new member in the city-club of the region.
Whitehall is a first class township and is eligible to change their designation to third-class city after a voter referendum and a council change to their home charter rules. Their population, at the time of the 2010 census, was 26,738 just below Easton’s population of 26,800. Although their population nearly mirrors a neighboring city, there are other considerations in changing a municipality’s designation. There are many benefits in Pennsylvania to becoming a city. For example, only cities are eligible for certain tax incentive programs from the state like the Neighborhood Improvement Zone (NIZ) and the Community Revitalization Improvement Zone (CRIZ). Cities have more departments and authorities, like their own independent housing authority, which Whitehall Mayor Ed Hozza has said would be an important element to the now-township. The increase in size and scope of municipal government that comes with a change from township to city obviously isn’t free. The idea to change Whitehall into a city is still in its early stages and the cost to taxpayers is a major consideration right now.
The proposed change in Whitehall’s designation will hopefully spark an interesting conversation in Pennsylvania about the nearly unparalleled fragmentation and silo-like nature of the state’s local governance. The process of turning into a city may cause other municipalities to consider joining in a merger with Whitehall. The city of Bethlehem is the product of several borough mergers. Bethlehem was first formed in the Borough of South Bethlehem, a separate Borough of West Bethlehem. Decades later, the Borough of West Bethlehem joined with the Borough of Bethlehem (in Lehigh County). Finally, in the 20th century, the City of Bethlehem merged with the Borough of South Bethlehem to create the City of Bethlehem that we have today. Whitehall Township has several neighboring boroughs that may benefit from a merging with Whitehall Township to become the City of Whitehall. One such borough that could benefit is Coplay. With a population of under 5,000, a shared physical border and a combined school district, their merge makes sense and wouldn’t result in a decrease of services to Coplay residents. Another benefit to the merge is eligibility for a CRIZ. The CRIZ mandates a population over 30,000 which Whitehall Township doesn’t have on its own but would with the addition of Coplay residents.
If you’re a regular reader of the Renew Lehigh Valley blog here (which you should be!), you may have already heard of the hollowing out of the urban cores in our region as the population left cities in favor of new, sprawling second class townships. This was highlighted by a 2003 Brookings Report called Back to Prosperity. Some of the contributing research for this report detailed the excessive, small-box government that plagues Pennsylvania. There are 2,562 municipalities in the Keystone State each with their own municipal governing body. They range in size from 1.5 million in Philadelphia to the Borough of Centralia with 8 residents at the time of the 2010 Census.
In this state, they are broken down into cities, townships, boroughs and one town (Bloomsburg). Within those classifications there are first class cities (Philadelphia is the only one), second class cities (Scranton is the only one) and third class cities. There are first and second class townships and unclassified boroughs.
The Lehigh Valley alone has 62 municipalities (Northampton and Lehigh Counties). This fragmentation and duplication of efforts and services promotes sprawl and inhibits regionalism. Municipalities in Pennsylvania are permitted to create their own comprehensive plans and are not bound to formally adopt the regional comprehensive plan that is written by the Lehigh Valley Planning Commission. Changes in state policy that would encourage smaller municipalities to merge with their neighbors would increase the efficiency of service provision, minimize redundancies and create a more amenable environment for regional efforts.
The Millennial Generation comprises those who were born from 1980 to the early 2000s and now represents America’s young professionals who are graduating from college, getting their first and second jobs and buying homes. We’re now seeing where they want to live: downtown.
For the first time in decades, the population of American cities has grown at a faster rate than the suburbs. There is some speculation that this is a result of the recession, with urban dwellers remaining in place instead of moving to the suburbs with low and unpredictable home prices. Alternatively, there is evidence to suggest that the migration to the cities is more intentional for this generation.
Young professionals are now seeking different communities than the suburbs that their parents and grandparents had coveted for generations. Walkable, mixed-use communities are on the rise. A developer in Cleveland seized this trend and built one of the most desirable blocks in the entire city. Ten years ago, the Maron family bought up an entire block of the city where restaurants had gone out of business, retailers had failed, crime rates were high and there was little hope for residential use.
The block is thriving with outdoor seating, apartment buildings at capacity and successful retail. The project wasn’t immediately accepted by other entrepreneurs though; the Maron’s opened their own restaurants when others weren’t willing to take another chance on the neighborhood. By the time they opened a 224 unit apartment building on the block, the area was so popular that the building filled almost immediately.
Perhaps they’ve read The Creative Community Builder’s Handbook (by Tom Borrup).
The term creative community building describes efforts to weave multiple endeavors and professions into the never-ending work of building and rebuilding the social, civic, physical, economic and spiritual fabrics of communities. Creative community building engages the cultural and creative energies inherent in every person and every place.
Looking at the above picture of the block, it certainly seems like they’ve done that. This vibrant community in downtown Cleveland captures what many Millennials are looking for as they begin to live on their own. The area is walkable, there are residential options, dining and retail. It’s high-density, efficient land use with a markedly decreased rate of crime and it’s actually pretty cool.
After years of financial distress, Detroit filed for Chapter 9 Municipal Bankruptcy late last week. It becomes the first major city in United States history to do so.
Detroit has debt totaling $18 million. The unemployment rate in the city recently peaked at 28 percent and while it is has been declining, it remains at over 16 percent. The rate of crime is high and the industrial plants that used to populate the city are folding or leaving the city. Detroit is also facing grossly underfunded pension obligations and they will argue that the court should relieve them of these pension obligations. Naturally, their retirees and unions are beginning to launch a fierce battle against this.
While Pennsylvanian cities and municipalities are not yet facing the degree of financial strife that plagues Detroit, its distressed areas are met with similar considerations. Should Detroit be relieved of their pension obligations, it will set a precedent relevant in Pennsylvania where municipalities are mandated to fulfill the pension promises they have made to police and firemen under PA Act 111. They can receive financially distressed status under PA Act 47, which allows them to restructure their debt and consolidate or merge with neighboring municipalities to ease their individual burden. There are many municipalities who are now realizing the enormity of their pension obligations, and have very few choices except bankruptcy. Twenty municipalities in the state, including its capital, already have Act 47 designation that has helped them stabilize their financial status, but hasn’t provided stable, long term solutions to their economic problems.
While Act 47 allows municipal consolidation, there needs to be better understanding of the benefits of merging. A financially failed municipality with heavy debt and pension obligations is not a promising merge partner for a healthy, neighboring municipality. However, the possibility of shared services and decreased cost in service provision to the stronger municipality should be used as a selling point in these consolidation discussions. Both municipalities can benefit from consolidation and eventually provide higher quality, lower cost services to their constituents while one emerges from Act 47, distressed status.
If these negotiations and state laws are your interest, keep your eyes open for more information on Renew Lehigh Valley’s smart growth conference coming this fall. One of the available workshops will focus exclusively on Act 47, Act 111 and municipal bankruptcy in Pennsylvania with an expert panel featuring Fred Reddig from Pennsylvania’s Local Government Commission and Tom Baldridge of the Lancaster Chamber of Commerce.
Owning and driving a car, once deemed a core aspect of any American’s life, is now on the decline in this country.
A recent New York Times article titled, “The End of Car Culture” examines how Americans are “buying fewer cars, driving less and getting fewer licenses.” The hypothesis is that the country has passed its peak driving period and that different modes of transportation are now edging their way into the transportation market that had previously been inundated with personal cars. Even the percentage of individuals that have a drivers license in their teens, 20s and 30s has declined significantly since 1983.
The data that the article used was adjusted for population and found that the quantity of miles driven by Americans peaked in 2005 and has declined since. While some have speculated that the decline in cars purchased and miles driven was a cause of the recession, those declines actually began two to three years prior. There are also other theories to the cause of this trend.
“Different things are converging which suggest that we are witnessing a long-term cultural shift,” said Mimi Sheller, a sociology professor at Drexel University and director of its Mobilities Research and Policy Center. She cites various factors: the Internet makes telecommuting possible and allows people to feel more connected without driving to meet friends. The renewal of center cities has made the suburbs less appealing and has drawn empty nesters back in. Likewise the rise in cellphones and car-pooling apps has facilitated more flexible commuting arrangements, including the evolution of shared van services for getting to work.
Reduced use of personal vehicles has positive results for the environment and carbon emissions. Transportation is the second leading source of carbon emissions (power plants are first). New York’s bike sharing program is growing in popularity as tolls increase and funding that promotes car ownership decreases.
To further support the idea that this trend is more than economic, the age group of those most likely to purchase a car and to have a license is increasingly the elderly. The youth are expressing less interest in cars and more interest in living in communities where a car is unnecessary and the public transit is satisfactory.
The article mentions Bay Area Rapid Transit, a transportation system in San Francisco that optimizes bus routes by looking at frequency of use and land use in the area. Our very own LANta is in the process of studying Bus Rapid Transit for the Lehigh Valley. Their report is part of the Envision Lehigh Valley project and will be released soon. The trend across the country points to the need for multimodal transportation options and this is an important step by LANta. As our population increases in city centers, there is less need for a personal car but short bus routes and safe biking paths are still important transit developments. All of these options are environmentally promising and are sustainable alternatives to individuals relying solely on their personal car.
Since our inception, Renew Lehigh Valley has been committed to smart growth and revitalizing our core communities by advocating smart governance, open space preservation and establishing an environmentally and economically sustainable region for all its residents.
Making “smart growth” a reality in the Lehigh Valley must involve broad-based regional collaboration and the participation of individuals and organizations across the region’s various communities. RenewLV seeks to catalyze action focused on creating a vibrant region characterized by strong core communities, abundant open space, and regional thinking.
Of course, all of that sounds great – but what tenets do we adhere to in advocating for smart growth and sustainability? The New Urbanism school of thought breaks it down into this friendly, numbered list.
-Most things within a 10-minute walk of home and work
-Pedestrian friendly street design (buildings close to street; porches, windows & doors; tree-lined streets; on street parking; hidden parking lots; garages in rear lane; narrow, slow speed streets)
-Pedestrian streets free of cars in special cases
-Interconnected street grid network disperses traffic & eases walking
-A hierarchy of narrow streets, boulevards, and alleys
-High quality pedestrian network and public realm makes walking pleasurable
3. Mixed-Use & Diversity
-A mix of shops, offices, apartments, and homes on site. Mixed-use within neighborhoods, within blocks, and within buildings
-Diversity of people – of ages, income levels, cultures, and races
4. Mixed Housing
A range of types, sizes and prices in closer proximity
5. Quality Architecture & Urban Design
Emphasis on beauty, aesthetics, human comfort, and creating a sense of place; Special placement of civic uses and sites within community. Human scale architecture & beautiful surroundings nourish the human spirit
6. Traditional Neighborhood Structure
-Discernable center and edge
-Public space at center
-Importance of quality public realm; public open space designed as civic art
-Contains a range of uses and densities within 10-minute walk
-Transect planning: Highest densities at town center; progressively less dense towards the edge. The transect is an analytical system that conceptualizes mutually reinforcing elements, creating a series of specific natural habitats and/or urban lifestyle settings. The Transect integrates environmental methodology for habitat assessment with zoning methodology for community design. The professional boundary between the natural and man-made disappears, enabling environmentalists to assess the
design of the human habitat and the urbanists to support the viability of nature. This urban-to-rural transect hierarchy has appropriate building and street types for each area along the continuum.
7. Increased Density
-More buildings, residences, shops, and services closer together for ease of walking, to enable a more efficient use of services and resources, and to create a more convenient, enjoyable place to live.
-New Urbanism design principles are applied at the full range of densities from small towns, to large cities
8. Green Transportation
-A network of high-quality trains connecting cities, towns, and neighborhoods together
-Pedestrian-friendly design that encourages a greater use of bicycles, rollerblades, scooters, and walking as daily transportation
-Minimal environmental impact of development and its operations
-Eco-friendly technologies, respect for ecology and value of natural systems
-Less use of finite fuels
-More local production
-More walking, less driving
10. Quality of Life
Taken together these add up to a high quality of life well worth living, and create places that enrich, uplift, and inspire the human spirit.
These principles make sense and should be central in smart growth planning, but they can be a bit vague and nebulous. Bill Adams from UrbDeZine in San Diego has 10 new principles that he thinks will make smart growth smarter if they are put into practice.
1. Purge the term NIMBY from your language and your thinking. It stultifies any further understanding of community concerns, or how to reach a compromise. Every criticism or opposition to a high density project is now labeled as NIMBYism, with little further discussion of community concerns. Community stakeholders typically have great knowledge of their neighborhoods though they may not use formal planning terms.
2. Respect community planning. Recognize that many community development regulations are the result of lengthy and thoughtful public planning processes. Community stakeholders often have years of volunteered time and effort invested into the local planning process. Modern smart growth occurs best through this planning process, not through ad hoc project variances. Large variances rarely create good results. Increased density via the community planning process allows the community to “buy in.” Developments that require spot zoning under the smart growth or TOD banner are usually wolves in sheeps clothing. See Smart Growth Principles #9 & #10
3. Integrate with the surrounding community. A project which becomes an island or erects barriers to the existing neighborhood may cause nearby businesses to close or nearby residents to move away, which causes blight and loss of density. A successful smart growth project recognizes the existing desirable and undesirable neighborhood patterns, and works to fit in with the former and tweak the latter. In this way, it is most likely to be part of a walkable and sustainable community. See Smart Growth Principles #4 & #5
4. In transit oriented developments (TODs), transit orientation should exceed auto orientation. Projects are passing as TOD simply because they are near retail establishments and transit routes. However, they are usually just as close to major thoroughfares, imbued with ample off-street parking facilities (usually required by the municipality), and pedestrian deterring exteriors. These project rarely enhance walkability, and the convenience of public transit is offset by equal or greater auto amenities and convenience. Recent studies have found mixed evidence of public transit relieving traffic congestion. One contributor to this mixed result may be that TODs have yet to significantly coax people from their cars. Several cities are taking the next step to shift the transportation paradigm by eliminating or reducing minimum off-street parking requirements for new construction. This step also helps to lower construction costs and make housing more affordable. However, most cities remain daunted by anticipated opposition from businesses and residents (as can be seen in Portland, a leader in reducing off-site parking requirements, from adjacent residential areas fearing increased load on street parking) or long held perceptions of the need for off-site parking. Creating communities that encourage a walking and transit lifestyle requires a holistic and integrated approach, as well as bold vision and courage from municipal leaders.
5. Respect neighborhood character & identity. A positive neighborhood identity helps to sustain densification. Lack of identity or a negative identity makes increasing neighborhood density difficult. A development that challenges or changes a community’s identity architecturally or in terms of land use can undermine the very thing that attracts residents to the neighborhood. Diversity of land uses is good but incompatibility is not. Preserve historic resources and urban fabric. See Smart Growth Principle #7
6. Increase density incrementally. A lot of increased density can be achieved incrementally. Reduce setback requirements. Allow “granny flat” construction. Small lot infill should be given preference over block-clearing projects. These incremental methods are especially important in communities that are not blighted or depressed. The height and mass of buildings in the community are usually closely related to its character and identity. On the other hand, a small lot project can rise higher without negatively impacting the community than a full block project. Large scale developments tend to trigger large scale transitions. Large scale transitions usually have uncertain outcomes, which can as easily result in blight and lost density as increased density and walkability. Even if the end results are increased density, such transitions can result in interim abandonment of existing uses, demolition, empty lots, and surface parking, as property owners clear or “bank” their land in anticipation of new development, leading to interim lost density. Don’t let maximizing density become the enemy of increasing density.
7. Conform to existing “smart” retail corridors and centers. Don’t set up competition for such corridors or centers, or confuse a community’s existing smart growth layout. Most traditional retail districts were established before auto-convenience dominated development in the 60s & 70s. Examples of large scale mixed use projects which negatively impacted resurging nearby traditional retail districts include the following: CityPlace in West Palm Beach FL caused a regression in the revitalizing Clematis St. Horton Plaza in San Diego CA set back the resurgence of historic Gaslamp Quarter and helped relegate it to restaurant and bar uses. Park Station, a proposed project for La Mesa, CA threatens its traditional main street commercial district. A successful smart growth project doesn’t add a large amount of retail space on the periphery of an existing successful or resurging commercial district. This principle is especially important in this era of shrinking or plateaued “brick and mortar” retail. See Smart Growth Principle #7
8. Look for opportunities to narrow (verb) streets and vanquish parking lots. The antithesis of smart growth and the trademark of sprawl are wide streets, dispersed development, and parking lots. Revitalizing older commercial districts too often feel compelled to try to compete with suburban shopping centers by providing equally ample parking. However, such districts attract customers by providing the walkability, human scale, diverse architecture, narrow streets, and historic attractions absent from master planned commercial districts. They’ll never be able to compete on convenience. Parking lots and wide streets directly undermine the attraction. Conversely, people come to successful traditional commercial districts despite the auto inconveniences. Auto inconvenience means pedestrian orientation. Look for opportunities to do more with less parking through better parking management, e.g., negotiating arrangements with private parking facilities to make them available to the public at certain times. Never base the supply of permanent parking on capacity for special events.
9. Prioritize non-auto transportation by creating unique or exclusive pedestrian and bicycle amenities. The health and quality of life detriment of auto-oriented living is well documented. However, too often cities strive to simply add pedestrian and bike amenities alongside its auto amenities. In these circumstances, placement and route selection is for the benefit of the car with pedestrians and bikes an afterthought. However, communities built before auto orientation often have amenities for pedestrians (and sometimes available to bicyclists) that give the latter an advantage or shortcut unavailable to autos. A perfect contrast exists in the author’s own community. One of its better known features are three sets of stairs that vertically ascend/descend a hill supporting a residential neighborhood. In contrast, cars must follow streets which zig zag up the same hill due its steepness. The three sides of the hill with stairs were developed in the first half of the 20th century. (Incidentally, this neighborhood also has narrow streets and minimal setbacks, resulting in a both densely developed yet quaintly scaled neighborhood). However, the fourth side was developed from the 1960s through 2007. This newer side of the hill contains wider streets with sidewalks on both sides (on the older sides of the hill, sidewalks are less extensive and contiguous) but no hillside stairs. As a result, pedestrians must take long and circuitous routes on the sidewalks to get to destinations at the base of the hill, such as the neighborhood park. It is frustrating to see the missed opportunities of direct and short pedestrian shortcuts to the park that could have been built on the newly developed side of the hill, as they were on the older sides. Even though the new neighborhood has more sidewalks, they are less useful, making the neighborhood less walkable. Real smart growth means building pedestrian and bicycle amenities as a priority, not simply as an adjunct to road building.
10. Design for human nature, honed over millions of years, rather than efficiencies and logic, decided upon during the course of design. Such design is often counter-intuitive. This concept is exemplified in the attraction of people to small spaces, crowded rooms, and long lines. William H. Whyte’s City: Rediscovering the Center (1988), is a masterpiece of counter-intuitive conclusions about such things as appropriate sidewalk width and use of urban plazas. New “shared space” street design, often involving removal of “safety features” such as traffic lights, are also having a counter-intuitive traffic calming, hence safer, effect. In contrast, much of the inhospitable, dangerous, and unhealthy design of post-war communities came about in an era with the most planning, in which travel efficiencies, privacy, and safety concerns were given the highest consideration.
Smart growth, new urbanism, densification, transit oriented development, and related concepts are in danger of triggering a backlash from heavy handed application. One can already see localized backlashes across the country. These backlashes may develop into a more coalesced national backlash if local opposition to projects is routinely dismissed as NIMBYISM and densification is achieved with a sledgehammer rather than a scalpel. Ironically, the “rules” postulated above are not really new. Rather they expound on existing smart growth principles that often seem forgotten. Smart growth and new urbanism have always emphasized the importance of respecting neighborhood planning, character, and scale. Hopefully this article will help to refocus attention on these principles and serve as a reminder that smart growth involves much more than simply higher density and proximity to transit.
Addendum (bonus rule!):
11. Preserve and enhance existing density and urban fabric. Avoid demolition for lower density uses (e.g. parking), or as “interim” or anticipatory demolition, (e.g. before project funding). Pursue adaptive reuse, including partial preservation when full preservation or adaptive reuse is not feasible. Allow or encourage adaptive reuse which modifies non-historic structures (or non-historic components of historic structures) to achieve increased density.
What do you think of the New Urbanism principles? What about UrbDeZine’s? Did they miss anything? Can we utilize both sets of principles concurrently for the best chance of smart growth?
Through their website, Envision Lehigh Valley received a total of 1,118 completed surveys as well as feedback from 47 public meetings that were held through the fall. The breakdown of the participants represented an accurate cross section of our regional population on the characteristics of race, age, income and location.
In the 47 focus groups that were held during the public meetings, Lehigh Valley residents appeared to be most interested in discussing economic development, which they saw as a positive thing for the region.
They mentioned large projects currently being undertaken across the Lehigh Valley. Participants discussed projects such as the hockey arena, casino, and ArtsQuest. Projects involving specific companies, including Ocean Spray, and the Lehigh Valley Hospital Expansion, were mentioned as well as more generic business expansions like the Allentown waterfront project, the P&P Mill, and new hotels and retail space in various locations.
Focus group participants were generally dissatisfied with the types of jobs available to Lehigh Valley workers and didn’t believe the job market matched the qualifications most workers have.
The groups also examined other topics; citizens talked 652 times about housing, 549 times about fresh food access, and 378 times about climate and energy.
One of the most interesting findings to come out of the focus group analysis is that the overall interests and topics of discussion varied very little in the different cities, boroughs, and townships where they were held. These commonalities suggest that quality of life factors in the Lehigh Valley are important across the valley, not just in one or two communities.
The phrase “smart growth” has a liberal connotation, but that label is unfairly given. Smart growth policies benefit everyone. It is not a partisan issue; at least it shouldn’t be a partisan issue. Conservatives often attack smart growth policies, but I think this is a result of a misunderstanding of the impact smart growth policies can have on a community.
David Goldstein wrote a blog post highlighting the reasons why conservatives should support smart growth policies, namely “economic freedom, limited government, and responsibility.” (Read the blog post here.) He brings up many good points that should appeal to both sides of the political divide. He sums up his argument perfectly when he writes:“Smart Growth looks at these issues in a holistic way. It does not advocate eliminating land use planning, nor letting anyone borrow money regardless of their ability to repay. But in many ways it does reduce the heavy hand of government and other big bureaucracies to tell you what to do.” (emphasis original)
Smart growth policies will benefit our entire community, but we must join together in the effort to establish these policies in our communities first. Liberals, conservatives, and independents alike should stand together to implement these changes to improve our communities. No matter the demographics or political affiliations, smart growth will benefit us all.
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Airport codes Davis Field in Abbeville, South Carolina, United States (US)
|City||Abbeville (show all 3 airports in Abbeville)|
|Region||South Carolina (show all 210 airports in South Carolina)|
|Country||United States (Read more about United States)|
|ISO country code||US|
|Map of Airport codes Davis Field in Abbeville, South Carolina, United States (US):|
Davis Field is the most important airport of Abbeville, South Carolina, United_States. It is modern and one of the largest airport of the North America. Davis Field is important for people and goverment of United States.
IATA and ICAO codes of Davis Field
Airports of United States have international codes of IATA and ICAO. An IATA airport code is a three-letter code designating many airports around the world (including United States), defined by the International Air Transport Association (IATA). The characters prominently displayed on baggage tags attached at airport check-in desks are an example of a way these codes are used.
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39) In Gita both males and females are given equal importance. This is stated by Swami. Is it true?
A) The soul is neither female nor male but the word Jeeva or Atman is in masculine gender in Sanskrit. In Sanskrit the gender is only for word and not for the meaning. In fact all the human beings are made of the same items externally and internally. The five elements make the external body. The Jeevatman is made of awareness which is in the form of four Antahkaranams (ParaPrakruti and APara Prakruti) or three qualities. In Gita, only Prakruti and Purusha are mentioned. Purusha is God and Prakruti is human being. If you take five elements as Prakruti and jeevatman as Purusha, then also every human being Prakruti and Purusha. When you take like this, God will become Purushottama. Meera exhibited a doubt to Tulasi Das that whether Purusha exists in souls. The basis for this question is that she is in the first type of clarification (Prakruti and Purusha). Accordingly Veda says that only Lord is only Purusha. Veda also says that all the human beings are females and are also the wives of God.
40) God said that the sex which does not oppose justice is divine. Is there any limitation to that?
a) The sex is meant for the reproduction of the souls who are coming from the upper world. The sex is placed in the four Purusharthas. In Veda also it is stated that you should marry and produce children. In the same Veda it is stated that you can leave every body and every thing for the sake of God at any time. The first statement is for those who are incapable of the sanyasa. But a doubt comes whether one cannot take sanyasa after becoming the house-holder. The second statement is most powerful and rules out the first statement. Therefore, not only Sankara, a house-holder like Buddha took sanyasa. Therefore, within the limits of the state of the soul, Gita said like that. Within such limits it is better to marry than to move freely in the line of sex. The earth is respected with respect to the lower patala but with respect to sky the earth cannot be respected.
41) How to reach God and how to recognize Him?
A) Reaching God means reaching the medium in which God exists. No body can reach unimaginable God directly. You cannot catch current but you can experience current through the alive wire. The essence of Gita is to recognize and serve the present human incarnation.
42) What should be known form Satguru?
A) It depends on your state. If egoism and jealousy are in climax, He will say that you must search for human incarnation. This is also stated by Guru. The reason is that Guru is not human incarnation. If those two exist in lower level, He will say that the power and grace of God exists in Himself. This is also stated by Guru because it is true in his case also. Such Guru is the incarnation of power of God (Amsavatara). If those two are completely absent in you, Satguru says that He is the human incarnation. Therefore, Satguru preaches according your state.
43) If Satguru is God, how can he show God?
A) When you attain such maturity, Satguru will show Himself as God. Krishna told like that. Really the Satguru is showing the medium only in which God exists, because God is invisible as He is unimaginable. Such medium should be taken as God. The alive wire can be only taken as the current. If the Guru is liberated soul, who accompanied the Lord in this earth, he will show the Satguru whenever you deserve.
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