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Examples of Teaching with Visualizations
Results 1 - 20 of 133 matches
In Search of GLOBE Data part of Cutting Edge:Enhance Your Teaching:Visualization:Examples
Students use on-line GLOBE search tools to locate and display data from schools and use the data to answer questions regarding weather and climate. Answer key provided.
Relative Dating on Earth and Mars part of Cutting Edge:Courses:Introductory Courses:Activities
Students apply principles of relative dating to a cross-section, then to the surface of Mars.
Relative Geologic Time and the Geologic Time Scale part of Cutting Edge:Courses:Paleontology:Activities
Group simulation of the development of the geologic time scale illustrating concepts of correlation and relative time. Extremely effective for teaching the significance of the geologic time scale.
Environmental Health Risk Inventory part of Cutting Edge:Topics:Public Policy:Activities
In this activity, students perform an environmental health risk inventory of a selected locale. Students will address anthropogenic and natural health risks of an area using data collected from various online ...
Emergent Models in Google Earth part of Cutting Edge:Courses:Introductory Courses:Activities
This is one sample of a set of emergent models we are developing for use with Google Earth. Students use the Google Earth time-slider to lift 3D models of the subsurface into view. They can substitute their own ...
Northwest Passage part of Pedagogy in Action:Library:Teaching with Google Earth:Examples
An investigation of changes in polar regions using Google Earth.
Energy Consumption Rates across the USA and the World part of Pedagogy in Action:Library:Teaching with Google Earth:Examples
A investigation of differences in rates and categories of energy use between countries and US states
Fluvial Geomorphology of the Upper Yellowstone River Drainage Basin: Using Google Earth to Analyze Rivers part of Cutting Edge:Courses:Geomorphology:Activities
Students will learn how to make measurements and collect data using Google Earth and NIH ImageJ.
Paleotempestology Lab part of Cutting Edge:Courses:Introductory Courses:Activities
Paleotempestology Lab: this lab activity is designed to help students gain experience in relative and absolute dating techniques as well as a sense of how scientific investigations proceed.
A LONG, LONG time ago: geologic timescales part of Cutting Edge:Courses:Introductory Courses:Activities
Students compare their pre-conceived impressions of events on the geologic time with the actual positions of these events on a 45.5' geologic timescale.
Relative Age-dating -- Discovery of Important Stratigraphic Principles part of Cutting Edge:Courses:Introductory Courses:Activities
Students don't have to be passively taught the important principles geologists use to do relative age-dating of rocks and geologic events. By careful analysis and critical thinking about photos and ...
Using Dynamic Digital Maps to Teach Petrology part of Cutting Edge:Courses:Petrology:Teaching Examples
In this session we will examine how to utilize Dynamic Digital Maps (DDMs) in undergraduate petrology courses to bring inaccessible and exciting volcanic field areas to the students in the classroom and to engage ...
Evolution of Normal Fault Systems During Progressive Deformation part of Cutting Edge:Courses:Structural Geology:Activities
This activity is based on QuickTime movies and color digital photographs derived from sandbox experiments that produce normal faults in a variety of boundary conditions following experiments developed by Ken ...
Investigation: When will there no longer be glaciers in Glacier National Park? part of Quantitative Skills:Activity Collection
Students use historical data on the extent of the Grinnell Glacier in Glacier National Park to estimate when the glacier will melt completely.
Petrography and Petrogenesis of a Mid-Ocean Ridge Lava Suite part of Cutting Edge:Courses:Petrology:Teaching Examples
This activity is designed to accompany a set of thin sections available from the authors. Students investigate mid-ocean ride basalt petrography and relate observed mineralogic changes to relevant phase diagrams ...
Did it Rain on Mars? Analysis of Valley Networks on Mars in an Intro Geo Course part of Cutting Edge:Topics:Discoveries from Mars:Activities
Students investigate the question of whether it might have rained on Mars by doing an activity based on an article by Hynek and Phillips (2003). Students do a simple drainage basin analysis based on Hynek and ...
Google Earth Tours of Glacier Change part of Cutting Edge:Topics:Climate Change:Activities
A detailed Google Earth tour of glacier change over the last 50 years is given in class as an introduction. Students are then asked to select from a group of glaciers and create their own Google Earth tour ...
The Heat is On: Understanding Local Climate Change part of Cutting Edge:Enhance Your Teaching:Visualization:Examples
Students draw conclusions about the extent to which multiple decades of temperature data about Phoenix suggest that a shift in local climate is taking place as opposed to exhibiting nothing more than natural ...
Gulf Stream Heat Budget and Europe part of Cutting Edge:Enhance Your Teaching:Visualization:Examples
Student groups are presented a problem scenario to research and make recommendations, predictions, and a resolution of the problem based on data and visualizations.
Richmond's Urban Heat Island part of Cutting Edge:Enhance Your Teaching:Urban Geology:Activities
Students will be asked questions regarding the causes and impacts of the UHI. They will also be asked to apply this knowledge to two real-world settings and analyze data collected at both locations.
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Online courses are huge right now, but creators have to deal with their online course being stolen. It is one of the most common questions from my clients. If you’re putting the course out there, there is no sure-fire way that it won’t get taken. But in this post, I am going to share with you the inside scoop to prevent it from happening and even if it does, there are consequences.
To prevent someone from trying to steal your content, which may include your course, make sure you include information on how content on your site should be used. A good example is from Buzzfeed’s Terms of Service:
“The Services may contain Content specifically provided by us, our partners or our users and such Content is protected by copyrights, trademarks, service marks, patents, trade secrets or other proprietary rights and laws. You shall abide by all copyright notices, information, and restrictions contained in any Content accessed through the Services. The trademarks, logos, trade names and service marks, whether registered or unregistered (collectively the “Trademarks”) displayed on the Site are Trademarks of BuzzFeed and its third-party partners.”
This is only part of the intellectual property section of Buzzfeed’s term of use, but you get the idea. Buzzfeed’s terms also include a use license, which gives users permission to use their content in a specific manner.
“By purchasing your template or any product from The AW Shop™, you are granted one revocable, worldwide, non-exclusive license to the product(s) You have purchased. If you violate this license by giving or selling a copy of Our template(s)/product(s) to anyone other, or if you imply that anyone who gets access to our template/product(s) has the right to use it for his/her/its commercial purposes, We reserve the right to invoice you for the licenses you have gifted to others and revoke your access to our template(s)/product(s) permanently.”
This addresses how many people can use her product, and what happens to you if you violate her license agreement.
Watermark your content for videos and/or use the copyright symbol to prevent someone from stealing your online course
If you are conducting webinars, make sure you pop your head in the videos. This shows that you are the person who is instructing the course. Additionally, by adding a watermark to your webinar videos, your followers can recognize your videos and alert you if someone else is selling them.
Last but not least, use the copyright symbol on all of your courses, e-books, freebies, and anything you give or sell to your clients/customers. This puts everyone on notice that you are the creator of the material. The copyright notice format is:
© 2019 John Doe All Rights Reserved
Will this stop everyone from trying to steal your course? No, because some people just don’t have a moral compass and think they can get away with any and everything. But every Regina George is hit by the bus at some point, and they will eventually see their day in court. After you read this, go to your website and content that you have created, and implement these strategies.
Trademark the name of your course
Trademarking the name of your course will not protect the online course content from being stolen. BUT when someone comes to you saying that your course name has been stolen, you can send a cease and desist letter. Then, the course creator will have to stop selling that course. Trademarking is insurance for your company name because consumers associate it with your brand.
Want some examples of business owners who have trademarked their course?
- Marie Forleo- “Copy Cure”
- Marie Forleo- “B- School”
- Amy Porterfield- “List Builder’s Lab”
- Ashlyn Carter- “Copywriter’s For Creatives”
Want to make sure that you have the legal “stuff” in place for your online course? Fill out the form below and I’ll see how I can help.
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This paper provides a brief overview of two linear inverse problems concerned with the determination of the Earth’s interior: inverse gravimetry and normal mode tomography. Moreover, a vector spline method is proposed for a combined solution of both problems. This method uses localised basis functions, which are based on reproducing kernels, and is related to approaches which have been successfully applied to the inverse gravimetric problem and the seismic traveltime tomography separately.
We show the numerical applicability of a multiresolution method based on harmonic splines on the 3-dimensional ball which allows the regularized recovery of the harmonic part of the Earth's mass density distribution out of different types of gravity data, e.g. different radial derivatives of the potential, at various positions which need not be located on a common sphere. This approximated harmonic density can be combined with its orthogonal anharmonic complement, e.g. determined out of the splitting function of free oscillations, to an approximation of the whole mass density function. The applicability of the presented tool is demonstrated by several test calculations based on simulated gravity values derived from EGM96. The method yields a multiresolution in the sense that the localization of the constructed spline basis functions can be increased which yields in combination with more data a higher resolution of the resulting spline. Moreover, we show that a locally improved data situation allows a highly resolved recovery in this particular area in combination with a coarse approximation elsewhere which is an essential advantage of this method, e.g. compared to polynomial approximation.
We introduce splines for the approximation of harmonic functions on a 3-dimensional ball. Those splines are combined with a multiresolution concept. More precisely, at each step of improving the approximation we add more data and, at the same time, reduce the hat-width of the used spline basis functions. Finally, a convergence theorem is proved. One possible application, that is discussed in detail, is the reconstruction of the Earth´s density distribution from gravitational data obtained at a satellite orbit. This is an exponentially ill-posed problem where only the harmonic part of the density can be recovered since its orthogonal complement has the potential 0. Whereas classical approaches use a truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD) with the well-known disadvantages like the non-localizing character of the used spherical harmonics and the bandlimitedness of the solution, modern regularization techniques use wavelets allowing a localized reconstruction via convolutions with kernels that are only essentially large in the region of interest. The essential remaining drawback of a TSVD and the wavelet approaches is that the integrals (i.e. the inner product in case of a TSVD and the convolution in case of wavelets) are calculated on a spherical orbit, which is not given in reality. Thus, simplifying modelling assumptions, that certainly include a modelling error, have to be made. The splines introduced here have the important advantage, that the given data need not be located on a sphere but may be (almost) arbitrarily distributed in the outer space of the Earth. This includes, in particular, the possibility to mix data from different satellite missions (different orbits, different derivatives of the gravitational potential) in the calculation of the Earth´s density distribution. Moreover, the approximating splines can be calculated at varying resolution scales, where the differences for increasing the resolution can be computed with the introduced spline-wavelet technique.
The inverse problem of recovering the Earth's density distribution from data of the first or second derivative of the gravitational potential at satellite orbit height is discussed for a ball-shaped Earth. This problem is exponentially ill-posed. In this paper a multiscale regularization technique using scaling functions and wavelets constructed for the corresponding integro-differential equations is introduced and its numerical applications are discussed. In the numerical part the second radial derivative of the gravitational potential at 200 km orbitheight is calculated on a point grid out of the NASA/GSFC/NIMA Earth Geopotential Model (EGM96). Those simulated derived data out of SGG (satellite gravity gradiometry) satellite measurements are taken for convolutions with the introduced scaling functions yielding a multiresolution analysis of harmonic density variations in the Earth's crust. Moreover, the noise sensitivity of the regularization technique is analyzed numerically.
The inverse problem of recovering the Earth's density distribution from satellite data of the first or second derivative of the gravitational potential at orbit height is discussed. This problem is exponentially ill-posed. In this paper a multiscale regularization technique using scaling functions and wavelets constructed for the corresponding integro-differential equations is introduced and its numerical applications are discussed. In the numerical part the second radial derivative of the gravitational potential at 200 km orbit height is calculated on a point grid out of the NASA/GSFC/NIMA Earth Geopotential Model (EGM96). Those simulated derived data out of SGG satellite measurements are taken for convolutions with the introduced scaling functions yielding a multiresolution analysis of harmonic density variations in the Earth's crust.
Many problems arising in (geo)physics and technology can be formulated as compact operator equations of the first kind \(A F = G\). Due to the ill-posedness of the equation a variety of regularization methods are in discussion for an approximate solution, where particular emphasize must be put on balancing the data and the approximation error. In doing so one is interested in optimal parameter choice strategies. In this paper our interest lies in an efficient algorithmic realization of a special class of regularization methods. More precisely, we implement regularization methods based on filtered singular value decomposition as a wavelet analysis. This enables us to perform, e.g., Tikhonov-Philips regularization as multiresolution. In other words, we are able to pass over from one regularized solution to another one by adding or subtracting so-called detail information in terms of wavelets. It is shown that regularization wavelets as proposed here are efficiently applicable to a future problem in satellite geodesy, viz. satellite gravity gradiometry.
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“You should work out your abs every day”, “you should not drink during a workout”, “only cardio will help lose weight fast” – more and more similar fitness myths appear every year, and people suffer from them more and more often. In order for fitness classes not to turn into a dangerous sport, we discuss the most popular misconceptions on this topic.
1. Stretching is useless
It might not help to lose weight like strength or aerobic exercise, but you should not give it up completely. Stretching saturates muscles with oxygen, activates metabolic processes in the body, stimulates the internal organs, and gives elasticity and graceful curves. However, its main advantage is that it makes fitness safe: it will protect you against injury and soreness. Morning stretching will gently awaken the body and prepare it for daily activities, the evening one – remove fatigue and stress before bedtime.
2. Women do not need strength training
They do not need it if they are satisfied with the amount of fat and the slowing metabolism. The truth is that you cannot build a beautiful body without strength training. Stretching, swimming, yoga, running, biking, walking can make you flexible, resilient, and even slim (if you control your diet). However, they do not fundamentally change body quality, especially if you are far older than 18. A correctly made workout program will not only help to lose weight, but also to build a beautiful body – to balance and correct the proportions, for example, to make buttocks more rounded or improve posture. Do not be afraid that such classed will turn you into a “bodybuilder”: female body, in contrast to males, is built so that it is very difficult for us to build big muscles. Those who succeed usually use special additives, and spend more than 2-3 hours per week in the gym.
Besides, you should at least once look at the photos from Fitness bikini contest to understand that the contestants’ bodies are quite feminine and harmonious.
3. To lose weight, you should not eat two hours after a workout
Supporters of this radical approach say that after a weight workout fat continues to burn, if you do not give the body other fuel. Yes, you are really going to lose weight. But the problem is that your muscles will be “burning” in the first place, so no matter how hard you try in the gym, it will bring no good.
After weight training, there comes a period of the so-called anabolic window. This is a condition when you can significantly accelerate the process of muscle tissue recovery. Energy reserves in the body at this time are severely depleted, and a snack will immediately start the mechanism of muscle growth. During this period, even those who want to lose weight need a small portion of simple carbohydrates – for example, an apple. In an hour and a half, you can eat a substantial lunch, consisting of protein and fiber (chicken breast, fish or egg whites, and a portion of vegetables).
4. Only long cardio will help lose weight
Short aerobic exercise will really be ineffective: the process of fat burning begins only 20 minutes after the start of the cardio. Until that time, the body spends more affordable “fuel” – carbohydrate reserves. However, long workouts will not bring benefit either: cardio training (jogging, aerobics, etc..) lasting more than 50 minutes will not get your body rid of fat, but can destroy muscle mass. Without it, you will not achieve perfect body and rapid metabolism!
Ideally, have 25-40 minute workouts twice a week. Alternatively, you can divide one aerobic workout into 5-minute parts, adding lunges, squats and jumping exercises in between. Such exercises stimulate active fat burning without destroying muscles and making you too tired.
5. It is not necessary to mind your breathing during a workout
That’s why many start holding their breath or breathe promiscuously, thereby limiting the flow of the precious oxygen in the muscles and in the brain. It causes serious problems: increased blood pressure, dizziness, nausea, a threat of a heart attack or stroke. To avoid this, exhale when you make an effort and take a deep breath when you relax. If you do yoga, pilates or stretching, where there is a special breathing technique, listen to the instructor carefully. Moreover, it is important that the gym where you train should have good ventilation, otherwise you will not breathe properly.
6. If you go to the gym, you may give up the diet
Alas, this rule does not work even for professional athletes who have to train for 4-5 hours a day: they still have to keep to a diet. What can we say about those who are engaged in fitness twice a week! Do not expect to lose weight if you devour pastry, sweets, and fast food in between the workouts. Everything that you have lost due to extreme effort in the gym will come back easily and quickly.
No training program will work without proper nutrition.
Solution: do not starve or overeat, stick to a healthy, balanced diet. During the day, try to eat about 15% protein, 35-45% fat, and 40-50% carbohydrate of the total caloric content of your daily diet. Be sure to monitor the overall calorie content. For men, it should be from 2,000 to 2,600 kcal. Women require less – from 1800 to 2300 kcal.
7. You can work out in any clothes
It concerns those who choose old jeans as sportswear or the “fitness fashionista” who wear stylish, but uncomfortable clothes to the gym: tight T-shirts and low-waist pants, etc.. Both do wrong: the outfit should be comfortable, not restricting movements, made of absorbent cloth. The least problem that may arise is wrong (inefficient) exercise technique. Other unpleasant consequences may include injury and violation of thermoregulation.
8. To get a six-pack, you need to work on your abs to exhaustion every day
In fact, it will not make your belly flat: working out abdomen muscles every day is completely meaningless. Muscles need time to recover – while relaxing, the body is doing no less important work than during training. Therefore, it is enough to do abdominal exercises three times a week and certainly not to the point of exhaustion. To make your abdominal muscles work, you need to from 15 to 30 reps and three sets. If you find such load too easy, you can add weights or replace the exercise with a more difficult one.
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|How to Pick the Perfect Names for Siblings
by Bruce Lansky, The Baby Name Guru
To name your first baby, your assignment is simple: Pick some names you and your spouse or partner both like, decide how well each will work for your child over his or her lifetime, then choose the best one.
When you name your second baby, however, there's one more step: Consider how well that name "goes" with the name of your first child. Think ahead to a time when you're discussing your children with a friend or calling your kids to dinner. Do the names sound as though they belong to kids in the same family? Names that "go together" create a sense of unity, and many parents of siblings seem to follow unifying strategies when naming their children. These strategies are especially common among parents of twins, but they easily extend to parents of children of all ages.
1) Use names that start with the same letter.
For many of the most popular pairs of names for twins (see list below), the paired names start with the same letter (like Hailey & Hannah, Jacob & Joshua, Madison & Matthew). In my own case, I gave my son and daughter names that begin with the same letter to help create a joint identity for them as siblings in our family-not that it did much to prevent sibling rivalry.
2) Use names that contain sound-alike elements.
Many people find rhyming names (like Jaden & Braden) off-putting. But giving siblings names that contain sound-alike elements can convey unity while promoting individuality. You can choose names that begin with the same sound (like Andrew & Anthony or Isaac & Isaiah). You can choose names that end with the same sound (like Gabriella & Isabella or Olivia & Sophia). Or you can choose names that share the same sound in different locations (like Emma & William). One more caveat: Avoid names that sound too similar (like Taylor & Tyler). They can have the same off-putting effect as rhyming names.
3) Use names with the same origin.
Jacob & Jessica have Hebrew origins and are important figures in the Old Testament. Kevin & Caitlin have Irish origins. Ramona & Carmen have Spanish origins. These names all pair well together because they share the same origins. Conversely, Jack, Mario, Gustave, and Jorge all have different origins. None of them seem to pair particularly well together.
4) Use names with a similar theme.
Faith & Hope are inspirational names. Ava & Sophia have famous movie-star namesakes. Other thematically paired names include: Harry & Hermione (Harry Potter characters), Jason & Juno (mythological characters), Lily & Holly (flowers), Sienna & Sydney (cities), Derek & Alex (New York Yankees), Edward & Bella (Twilight characters). Pairing names based on themes is lots of fun, but watch out: It's easy to get carried away and wind up with silly pairs like Ben & Jerry, Bonnie & Clyde, Jack & Jill, Dick & Jane, or Bert & Ernie.
5) Use names with clear gender associations.
Janessa is a name clearly used for girls, but Jordan is used for both girls and boys. When people first hear the two siblings' names together, many may wonder whether Jordan is a girl or a boy-a potentially awkward situation. For that reason, it makes sense to give siblings names with clear gender associations. Avoid using gender-shared names like Bailey, Parker, and Taylor.
6) Use names that are of the same vintage.
George, Walter, Ethel, and Dorothy were all popular in the first half of the twentieth century, so they don't go well with contemporary names like Logan, Tyler, Madison, and Lindsay.
These naming strategies contribute to the style or "vibe" of names. While using them isn't mandatory by any means, stylistic differences among siblings' names may raise questions or call unwanted attention to those whose names don't fit the unifying style.
For example, imagine a family whose children's names are Kevin, Brian, Katie . . . and Ichabod. For his entire life, Ichabod-and his parents-may have to explain why his name isn't Irish like his siblings' names. Is this a debilitating situation? Probably not. But it may be an annoying one, especially if Ichabod doesn't enjoy being singled out.
To start thinking about names that share a style, check out the following list of the most popular names for twins.
Twin Girl & Boy|
About the Author:
Bruce Lansky is "The Baby Name Guru." His candid reviews of celebrity baby names and baby-naming articles have been reprinted in thousands of newspapers, magazines, and websites across North America. His name books, which have sold over 11 million copies, include 5-Star Baby Name Advisor, 100,000+ Baby Names, 60,000+ Baby Names, The Very Best Baby Name Book, 25,000+ Baby Names, and The New Baby Name Survey.
If you like this article, we'd be honored if you shared it using the button below.
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Enter into an in-depth discussion about the world of the Crystal People. In this blog spot we will explore the truth that crystals are sentient beings and learn how to connect with them. We’ll cover all areas of quartz crystal such as how they form, methods of cleansing, clearing and programming, how and why to make crystal grids and other tools, how and where to dig your own crystals and much more.
Crystal Healing: Helping Ourselves
Another question has come up that I thought I would address as a blog post. Curt asks:
"I find my crystal work is more effective in assisting others than it is when I assist myself. What do you advise?"
That's a really great question, and one I have often asked myself over the years. Why is it that most healing modalities seem more effective when we apply them to others than when we work on ourselves?
When we work on ourselves, many different factors come into play:
- our (sometimes desperate) desire for healing
- doubts about our ability coupled with the ingrained thought that others know better and can do more for us than we can do for ourselves (the pattern of chronically handing away our power)
- being split between being the healer and the recipient
- expecting results with only one healing session, and
- forgetting to implement an ongoing healing practice.
These are but a few reasons working on ourselves may seem to be less effective than working on others. Let's look at these reasons in more detail.
For me, the level of my desire for healing, (coupled with the severity of the ailment from which I am needing relief), directly coincides with the amount of healing I feel I can usually achieve on my own. For example: oftentimes my back begins to hurt when I sit for long periods at the computer when I am posting crystals for adoption. When I become mindful of the fact that my back is aching, I may ask one of the crystals I am currently preparing for the website to assist me in easing the pain. Nine times out of ten, I will find that my back pain eases up right away if I put my attention there and remember to ask the crystals' assistance.
In contrast, if I am sick with bronchitis or pneumonia, I find that I am not able to affect a noticeable difference in my level of healing as quickly as I would like. I may be able to ease my comfort level, and shorten the length of the illness in comparison to previous bouts, but I'm not able to snap my fingers and have it disappear immediately (as I would like). When my cancer was present and I was undergoing chemotherapy and radiation, I could work with the crystals on alleviating small symptoms such as nausea or anxiety, but I really didn't have faith in my ability to heal myself of cancer.
DOUBTS ABOUT OUR ABILITY
Normally when I am working with the crystals on another's behalf, I am not coming from the mindset that I am healing them. I see myself completely as a conduit for something much greater than myself to work through me. In other words I remove myself from the equation. In this way, I don't have to have faith in my ability, because it is not my ability. I know that I am working for the person's greatest and highest good and I have called in guides and masters and helpers. I am simply the hose (channel) which the water (the healing principle) flows through to the plant (recipient) in need of nourishment or healing. I am not the water, nor do I expect myself to be. Which leads me to the next point:
BEING SPLIT BETWEEN BEING BOTH HEALER AND RECIPIENT
When we work with the crystals on another's behalf (rather than on ourselves), 100% of our attention and energy is focused on the healing process of that other person. They are 100% in receiving mode, and we are 100% in giving mode. We are able to open to the channel of healing completely and without reservations. Our focus is outwardly directed and we work with the crystals as extensions of our energy stream.
When you direct that healing towards yourself, it is more difficult to differentiate between the hose (channel), the water (healing), and the plant (recipient). How can a person be both the hose (channel) and the plant (recipient)?
For me, when working on myself, I feel like I am responsible for directing, causing and receiving the healing (being hose, plant and even water). Therefore I see myself as a failure (both as healer and healee) if I don't see an immediate and complete response. The implication is that I have done something "wrong" as the patient or don't have healing capabilities in the first place if I don't see 100% relief in the first (and usually only) session. In the past, this mindset prevented me from even making the attempt in the first place, which admittedly was a very defeatist attitude.
It is my desire that if you share this attitude that reading this post will help you change your outlook and bring you a renewed sense of confidence in your crystal healing abilities.
I don't expect myself to "heal" another person of an ailment. I don't go into it full of ego, waving my crystals and promising remission or complete and immediate relief. I am open and receptive to that happening, of course! But that part of the process is beyond my control as conduit to the healing flow. I am assisting the recipient's own healing process. In contrast, when I work on myself, I find that secretly I expect such ego-driven results.This doesn't take into consideration the "bigger picture" reasons we have illnesses (another blog post coming up on this topic).
As much as possible, in your healing sessions, afford yourself the same compassion in the healing process that you allow for others. In other words, don't be so hard on yourself either as the healer or as the recipient. Remember that in this situation, you are both the hose and the plant and because of this expect some differences in the process.
Perhaps in playing the two roles, you can set up your healing sessions with this in mind:
1. First be the “healer”
- Become clear on the desired outcome and make the steps small. (For example, if it is the flu, work to alleviate the nausea. Next session work to alleviate the aches and fatigue, and so on.)
- Once you are clear on the step you are working on, program your crystals. (Here is a reminder of how to do that: Choosing and Clearing your Crystal, then Programming Your Crystal.)
- Ask for assistance from your desired "Higher Power" (eg: Spirit, Patron Deities (God/Goddess), Higher Self, Guides, Masters, Angels, etc).
- Prepare the room as if you are setting it up for a cherished friend.
- Place your crystals around the space in which you would place the “client”, and maybe reserve one to place on your body. (For examples of what to do, see these two posts, Crystal Grid for Lung Issues, My Most Recent Personal Grid. These are both examples of small scale grids. To set up a healing grid, simply apply the principles on a large scale, with your body as the central point.) I will write a post on crystal healing specifics soon!
2. Once you prepare the room and healing space as the healer, then take off that hat and
- become the beneficiary of the healing.
- Enter the space the “healer” has prepared for you.
- Engage in the process 100% as the recipient of this healing session.
- Let your "helpers" work with the crystals, and you simply receive.
- Don't forget to cleanse and charge your crystals between healing sessions and remember to thank them for their assistance. (See: Cleansing and Charging Your Crystal)
Plan to engage in more than one session with yourself and don't expect an outside source to "cure" you.
Like I said earlier, there are certainly "spontaneous" remissions and "miraculous" healing, but truth be told, there has been some internal healing work in progress there. Some of it happens more quickly than others.
In the meantime, work on discovering the message or the lesson which has brought you this illness.
I know my tendency is to resist the discomfort, rage at the disease, curse my body, harden against the symptoms or try to pretend they don't exist. This doesn't make the symptoms or illness go away, it tends to make them more persistent.
FORGETTING TO IMPLEMENT AN ONGOING HEALING PRACTICE
One final note in helping self-healing sessions with crystal to work more effectively is to remember to do it !
Much the same way that antibiotics aren't going to help a bit if you don't take them, neither will healing with crystals work if you don't remember to ask them. I know people who keep adopting crystals because they are touted to help heal a certain ailment, but they never put into practice the healing portion of the healing equation, which is actual engagement with the crystal. They buy another and another and another. Continuing to fill more and more prescriptions will not help unless you take the first antibiotic and give it a chance to work.
Be mindful when symptoms occur and remember there are helpers ready and able to assist you. You must ask and then work together. Healing is a co-creative process.
Make your goal for the healing sessions clear and in small manageable steps.
If your symptoms are persistent, don't expect to get full relief from just one sitting. It will most probably require repeated sessions.
Set up your healing sessions as if you are two separate people (the healer and the recipient) and engage fully in each aspect of the process, separately.
Try not to resist the symptoms or blame your body. Greet each with loving-kindness.
Do your best to understand and resolve the underlying message which has brought you these symptoms or illness.
Engage fully with the crystals you have at hand before seeking a different remedy in the form of yet another crystal.
The final and most important step in helping ourselves with crystal healing: DON'T FORGET TO DO IT!
I wish you crystal blessings and happy healing!
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Its a well known fact that the Bachchan’s are great devotees of Lord Ganesha, and make it a point to frequently visit the Siddhivinayak Temple located at Prabhadevi in Central Mumbai.
Its learnt that the sanctum where the idol of Lord Ganesha rests is powered by a solar power device that has been donated by Amitabh Bachchan.
Mr. Bachchan firmly believes in the power of solar energy and has serious plans to light up homes across rural India with solar power. No wonder then that Mr. Bachchan had made this significant contribution on the occasion of Ganesh Jayanti, which is considered Lord Ganesha’s birthday.
The Bachchan family have always maintained silence when it comes to their charity work and contributions, and even this significant contribution by the Big B was done quietly.
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CLEAR CREEK COUNTY, Colo. — Colorado has more avalanche deaths than any other state, and avalanches kill more people in Colorado than any other natural hazard, according to the Colorado Avalanche Information Center.
Two people were killed in an avalanche in Summit County near Hoosier Pass on Saturday, bringing the total to three deaths this season.
"We have so many deaths in Colorado because we have a large population living close to the mountains with easy access," Dale Atkins with the Alpine Rescue Team said. "And Colorado's snowpack is actually more dangerous than in other states."
Atkins said the cold air in the Colorado Rockies turns layers of snow crystals at the bottom of snowpack into a loose and sugary powder. Those loose bottom layers cannot support the weight of large snow slabs that form when large snowstorm cycles dump huge amounts of snow later in the winter.
The result, he said, is large and deep slabs of snow sliding down in highly destructive and dangerous avalanches.
On Monday, members of the Alpine Rescue Team met up with ski patrollers with Loveland Ski Area, the Clear Creek County Sheriff's Office, and medics from Flight for Life Colorado in an avalanche training exercise.
The simulation was staged just outside of Loveland Ski Area on Mount Bethel. Crews buried two victims in a snowfield to simulate an avalanche rescue scene. One victim was a dummy which was meant to simulate a dead victim, and the other was a live human completely buried.
“Time is the enemy to a fully buried avalanche victim," Atkins said. "After about 15 minutes, nine out of 10 victims survive. That’s pretty encouraging, but by 30 minutes, it drops to one in two."
In the simulation, Flight for Life Colorado helicopters were the first to move in. Hanging from the belly of one chopper was a new beacon that detected two avalanche transceivers coming from the victims.
“It can really pinpoint it down to about a 10-foot circle,” said Chad Miller, lead flight paramedic with Flight for Life Colorado. "We can get to remote locations and get on scene quicker. And we can cover a lot of ground in a short amount of time."
Miller said the external beacon on the helicopter can detect radio signals coming from all brands of avalanche transceivers that should be worn by anyone traveling in the backcountry.
He said the beacon can also detect emergency signals coming from devices like the Garmin inReach communicator or other similar devices made by other companies.
Flight for Life Colorado now has three helicopters equipped with the external beacon--one in Lakewood, one in Frisco, and another in Durango. They said this technology will be used for rescues during all seasons, not just winter.
The external beacon on the chopper can't locate signals coming from Recco Reflectors, but ground scanners can find those signals along with avalanche transceivers.
"The key is just making yourself searchable," Atkins said. "And that means having some kind of technology on you that transmits a signal."
At the avalanche training scene, after one helicopter located the area with the victims, another chopper flew in and dropped off a rescue team.
The team quickly located the first victim, which turned out to be the dummy. This time it was just a simulation, but Atkins said it's a far too familiar sight in avalanche rescues.
"It's rare for search and rescue teams to find anyone alive that is fully buried by an avalanche," he said. "In fact, I've been involved in avalanche rescues since the '70s, and I've yet to see it in person."
Although rare, there have been amazing stories of survival in other parts of the world. Atkins said that's why they go into every rescue with the belief that they will save a fully buried avalanche victim.
And it's also why they train.
Monday's exercise ended in success as the second victim was located in time to save his life.
It took the new external beacon and quick response by the rescue choppers; human action with ground scanners, probes and shovels; and the sharp nose of a huskie named Zuma to locate and save the victim.
“So in some ways, we're using the best of the modern technologies, and at the same time we still have to rely on technology that’s 2,000 years old to get the job done," Atkins said.
SUGGESTED VIDEOS: Science & Weather
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Ghosts of Boston
Alum’s new book covers Hub’s history of hauntings
For someone who often encounters dead people, Sam Baltrusis seems remarkably calm.
“People have the misconception that the paranormal is negative, but in my experience, it’s actually been the opposite,” says Baltrusis (COM’93).
A journalist who has worked for ABC Radio, MTV, Stuff Magazine, and Boston Spirit Magazine and whose blog “Loaded Gun” covers the Beantown movie boom, Baltrusis says he has personally encountered five or six ghosts, some inhabiting apartments he has lived in, and one near the notoriously haunted Fort Warren on Boston’s Georges Island, in 2007.
Baltrusis first pitched the idea of writing an article on ghosts in Boston to Stuff Magazine, eventually amassing enough material for a book. Ghosts of Boston: Haunts of the Hub was published last month by the History Press.
The book explores the city’s ghoulish history over more than three centuries, including Colonial-era spirits said to still roam Boston Common and those of 100 British soldiers killed during the Revolutionary War, whose remains were discovered during the building of the Boylston T station in the early 20th century—some of them allegedly haunt Boston’s subway tunnels.
“A lot of these people have stories to tell, and as a journalist it’s my job to give a voice to people who don’t have a voice,” Baltrusis says. “I just didn’t realize they were going to be dead.”
Baltrusis, a teacher of writing and journalism at the Boston Center for Adult Education, recently taped a special for the Biography Channel’s Haunted Encounters, where he examined the “residual energy” that he says still lingers from the 1897 gas-line explosion near the corner of Boylston and Tremont Streets that killed 6 and wounded more than 60 people.
BU Today spoke with Baltrusis about his experiences with ghosts and paranormal happenings in Boston and about BU’s own haunted history.
BU Today: Tell us about your first encounter with a ghost.
Baltrusis: I was living in Ball Square in Somerville. I saw what looked like a little girl coming out of the closet. I was shocked, but my roommates said they had already seen her. I kept seeing what looked like the shape of a girl peeking out of the closet, and I just accepted that the place was haunted. We also heard footsteps, and whenever I would go to check it out, nobody was there.
You write in the book that you currently live with a female spirit.
I live near Davis Square in Somerville, and things like scissors kept going missing from the house. I do a lot of craft projects, and I noticed the cabinets would open, the doors would open, and there were a lot of noises. I saw what looked like a female figure walking by in a nightgown, so my roommate and I started calling her the scissor sister. I definitely think she’s friendly, she’s playful, and I just accept that she’s here. She is probably a residual haunting, in the sense that she lived in the house and she continued staying in the house after she passed. And I think she’s definitely a happy haunter.
People may be surprised to learn how much of Boston’s history is rather dark.
Ghosts of Boston is in essence a history book with ghost stories in it; it’s a fun way to read about Boston’s history. I wanted to look at whether, if a place is allegedly haunted, there was a backstory as to why it may be haunted. For instance, if there was a fire, it might make sense for people to report hearing glass break or doors slamming or screams coming from a building. This comes into play with the 1942 Cocoanut Grove fire, which killed almost 500 people. Disasters, murder, suicide, those types of things linger in a building.
Talk about BU’s history with ghosts.
There is a whole historical backstory of playwright Eugene O’Neill and his last days spent at Shelton Hall [now Kilachand Hall], which is where I lived during my sophomore year at BU [O’Neill lived on the fourth floor, now known as the Writers’ Corridor, of what was then the Hotel Shelton, and and died there in November 1953]. I didn’t have any encounters with him, but I remember all of the RAs talking about the backstory and the Writers’ Corridor.
Some people think that the founder of the Repertory Theatre of Boston [now the BU Theatre, home of the Huntington Theatre Company] committed suicide in 1930 because the theater was failing—that’s not true. The book talks about how he actually died in his home, so there’s a lot of debunking in the book.
Actually, a lot of material that didn’t make it into the book was applicable to BU. One story involved Myles Standish Hall, and another 515 Park Drive in South Campus, which was the site where one of the Boston Strangler’s victims lived. The Charlesgate Hotel, which is now apartments, was an allegedly haunted location and used to be a dorm for Emerson and BU.
Your book emphasizes the surprisingly scientific methods of many paranormal investigators, who use such things as meters, thermometers, and digital cameras. Can you talk about this?
Adam Berry, whom I interviewed extensively for the book, is a paranormal investigator on SyFy’s Ghost Hunters. They actually use equipment that’s very science-based. It is used to find evidence for something that’s inexplicable. They are more skeptical. They go in with the idea that this place isn’t haunted, and they’re trying to find evidence to prove that it actually is haunted or that there’s some paranormal activity at the place.
How do you handle skeptics?
Researching and writing about ghost stuff is like coming out of the paranormal closet, because you have to talk about your own experiences with the spirit realm and with ghosts. It was a little difficult to get up in front of people and talk about my experiences with the spirit realm.
I get a lot of nonbelievers or naysayers, and I think that when people actually read the book they’ll find that it’s very well researched. I’m kind of like Mulder from The X-Files, the believer. My assistant, Andrew Warburton, who’s a PhD student at Tufts, is more like my Scully, the skeptic. We fought the whole time.
When I’ve done book signings I’ve seen the transformation in people. I realize as I meet people at my book signings and they tell me their stories, that it’s a great way to collect material for my next book.
What were some of your best sources for material?
My research assistant was fantastic. I’m also a tour guide with Haunted Boston, so I got a lot of stuff from actually giving those tours in the Boston Common. And then a lot of old newspaper clippings—those are important as original source material—and of course talking to people. I found that people in New England do not want to go on record, so it was difficult getting people to talk about their experiences with the paranormal on record.
You allude to your next book. What will that be about?
I just signed a contract to write a book about the ghosts of Cambridge, and I launched a ghost tour in Cambridge called Cambridge Haunts. I’d also like to pitch a book on the ghosts of Provincetown.11 Comments
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Bolivia's Tarija department produced an average 804 million cubic feet a day (Mf3/d) of natural gas in the first six months of 2005 subject to royalty and tax payments, the ABI government news service reported.
Tarija's contribution amounts to nearly 71% of the total amount of natural gas produced in the country. Following Tarija was Santa Cruz department (19.2%), Cochabamba department (8.6%) and Chuquisaca department (1.7%), the statement said.
The local subsidiary of Brazil's federal energy firm Petrobras (NYSE: PBR), Petrobras Bolivia, produced an average 677Mf3/d of natural gas, representing nearly 60% of all royalties paid by private companies.
Following Petrobras in terms of royalty payments were local companies Andina and Chaco, British Gas, and Argentina's Petrobras Energía, the statement said.
Tarija was also the department that produced the most condensate liquids and natural gasoline through June this year, with an average of 26,146 barrels a day (b/d), representing 52.3% of the country's total production.
Following Tarija was Cochabamba (27.2%), Santa Cruz (17.2%) and Chuquisaca (3.3%).
Spanish oil company Repsol YPF (NYSE: REP) produced an average 12,640b/d, Chaco produced 7,871b/d and Andina produced 5,821b/d through June 2005.
LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS
From January-June Santa Cruz department produced an average of 621 cubic meters a day (m3/d) of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), or 38% of Bolivia's total LPG production.
Cochabamba followed with 27.2%, Chuquisaca with 19.1% and Tarija with 15.7% of the country's total LPG production.
Chaco produced 570m3/d of LPG (35.5%), followed by Andina (29%), BG Bolivia (13.8%) and Repsol YPF (10.8%).
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Fact sheet – The Canadian Dairy Commission: a crucial role from coast to coast
Practical implications for Canadian milk producers and consumers
|Stable production revenues |
and better share of the retail price
|High quality groceries at a reasonable price||Greater financial independence of the industry from government|
|Efficient and respectful agriculture on a human scale||Quality Canadian milk without preservatives, antibiotics, or artificial growth hormones||Sustainable growth of the industry from an environmental standpoint|
|Compliance with dairy safety standards, animal welfare standards, and milk composition standards among the highest in the world|
“Producing milk that is as perfect as can be is what drives us to raise healthy cows, protect our land and resources, and ensure every glass of milk is safe and free of antibiotic residue.
Every day, we work hard to ensure Canadian dairy provides an enduring and valuable legacy for all Canadians.”
~ Dairy Farmers of Canada
“Canada’s dairy processors create jobs for more than 24,000 Canadians in over 470 facilities across the country. Dairy processing is the second-largest food manufacturing industry in Canada. We purchase more than 9.2 billion litres of milk from Canada’s 10,000 dairy farms and contribute more than $16 billion to Canada’s GDP each year.”
~ Dairy Processors Association of Canada
“Being governed by supply management, dairy products […] have gradually increased in price, but generally at a slower rate than wages. They are therefore more affordable today.”
~ Free translation. From the article “Panier d’épicerie : Les aliments vous coûtent-ils vraiment plus cher qu’avant?”, ICI Radio-Canada, 2022.
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Small Garden Ideas 20 Ways To Transform Compact Backyards
Interior designing requires you to give attention to house and architecture planning. This is essential if you wish to create an aesthetically spectacular design for your house or enterprise interiors. Apart from, skilled inside designers are trained to make the perfect decisions for his or her inside design projects. In case you are able to go on an journey on the planet of coffee tables and dwelling rooms, we propose that you simply comply with this simple information to work on your next interior design venture. By following the following pointers, it will likely be simpler for you to work on your property inside design.
In case you are a beginner on the earth of inside design, ensure you take it sluggish and decide on the objects that you actually need. To begin with, you have to think about the furnishings you want, equivalent to beds and couches.
The beauty of these furniture objects is that they are heavy and attract the attention of your company. Therefore, make sure that they look good. As soon as you've gotten found the most effective furniture, you can work on your do-it-yourself house decor.
Do not forget about lighting. If you don't have correct lighting in your rooms, chances are you'll find yourself spoiling the great thing about your well-designed room. Subsequently, you could wish to take into account lighting with regards to setting your budget.
If you wish to open up a small and darkish space, you can strive plenty of strategies, reminiscent of light colored walls, accent lighting, overhead lights, ground lamps, and home windows.
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It seems that in the exciting world of filmmaking, there aren’t that many heights left to be conquered these days, or at least not before we look deeper beneath the surface. Besides the numerous tools and devices that already allow us to shoot a wide variety of silky smooth, professional shots both on the ground and up in the air, now you also have the ability to explore some new creative opportunities underwater as well.
With its slick design, easy to operate piloting controls, low-light sensors and image quality algorithms, the world’s most affordable and user-friendly underwater drone called Gladius is ready to take your underwater videography to the next level. The device is capable of shooting 4K video directly to internal storage while diving up to 100 meters (328ft) deep with a horizontal range of 500 meters (1,640ft) for up to three hours.
The underwater drone is not only intelligently engineered but also provides a wide range of features that are suitable for multiple professional applications including 4K video capturing, high-resolution photography and even immersive underwater live streaming.
The unit comes equipped with a quad thruster system that allows responsive and accurate navigation in all directions. Due to its powerful rear thrusters, Gladius can reach a speed of 2 meters or 6.6 feet per second or at 4 knots.Furthermore, the internal cabin of the drone is sealed and uses aluminum alloy materials with oxidation treatment to ensure the unit is waterproof and corrosion resistant.
The unique semi-tether connection system, on the other hand, increases the practical range of Gladius up to 500m or just over 1,600 feet and also allows the drone to communicate with the towable buoy included in the pack by direct wiring. The buoy itself broadcasts wirelessly back to the controller, which connects to your phone or tablet, much like a traditional drone controller.
Gladius Underwater Drone Highlights
- Most Affordable – Compared to other underwater drones with similar features, Gladius is a steal at $599.
- Easy To Control – Piloting is easy with its Quattro Thrusters, four degrees of freedom and gaming-like controller.
- Long Range – Semi-tether connection increases range to 500m and 100m deep, triple the industry average.
- Image Optimization – Light sensors and image optimization algorithms create stunning 4K videos without distortion.
- Portable Case – Weighing only 6.6lbs and measuring 16.9″x10.2″x3.7″, transport anywhere via backpack or Gladius’s included hard-shell case.
The unique onboard stabilizing mechanisms of Gladius combined with low light sensors and image quality optimization algorithm allow users to capture smooth and crisp 4K videos or take 16-megapixel photos without any compromises. The built-in LED lights on either side of the camera feature dimming controls for varying visibility conditions and provide 135-degree illumination angle to light a clear path for the drone and illuminate underwater subjects.
Besides its unique multi-use underwater design, Gladius is also extremely easy to control and navigate. Simply insert your iOS or Android smartphone into the remote control, launch the dedicated app and you’re set to go. The drone can store the captured 4K videos and images you take on the included SD card while live streaming directly to your smartphone in 720p resolution.
It’s also worth to note that the platform is equipped with two powerful polymer lithium batteries offering three and a half hours of continuous operation while only requiring 1.5 hours of recharge time.Currently, you can opt for the Standard, Advanced or Professional package starting at just $599 depending on your personal requirements and needs.
The Standard version of the underwater drone offers 1080p video recording only, while the Advanced and Professional ones come equipped with a 4K camera along with the extended wireless operation range. The Gladius IndieGogo campaign has been crushing it lately while exceeding its initial goal multiple times already, so if you want to learn more about the project and give your support, use the following link.
Claim your copy of DAVINCI RESOLVE - SIMPLIFIED COURSE with 50% off! Get Instant Access!
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Is it possible that, in the wake of sharpshooters turning up shortly before sunrise in Rocky Mountain to shoot an elk or two, similar "management" actions will pop up in places like Yellowstone, Theodore Roosevelt, or Wind Cave national parks, or any other park where the natural balance of wildlife is skewed?
The Humane Society of the United States fears that will be the case, and in a blog today the group's president and chief executive officer, Wayne Pacelle, took strong objection to the elk culling in Rocky Mountain. Here's what he had to say:
By Wayne Pacelle
In 1985, I worked four months at Isle Royale National Park, an archipelago in the middle of Lake Superior best known for its moose and wolves. Since the 1950s, it’s been something of a laboratory for the study of predator-prey relationships. Because of its isolation, it only has one-third of the mammals (black bears did not make it over the ice bridges to Isle Royale) found in the boreal forests in adjacent Minnesota and Ontario.
Over time, the moose population has fluctuated widely between 500 and 2,000 moose, even though wolves have been continuously present at Isle Royale since population studies began in the 1950s. In short, while wolves do kill moose and have a dynamic effect on their population, it’s not as if the moose population stays at a fixed number. Their numbers cycle in roughly a 20-year pattern. And when moose populations are at their peak, they do have an impact on the vegetative community and there is a noticeable browse line, undoubtedly having a cascade effect on birds and other species that feed on plants and trees or use them for cover or nesting or protection from the cold.
It’s been a core principle of the National Park Service to let these mammalian population fluctuations occur without human intervention. As with almost every national park and national monument in the country, hunting is strictly forbidden at Isle Royale.
It’s in that context that I have been distressed by the elk killing now occurring at Rocky Mountain National Park in northeast Colorado. It’s a fabulous park I’ve visited many times, and while it has elk and mountain lions and black bears, the wolves are gone. Few people think they should be reintroduced there, because they’d quickly get in trouble outside of the park. But there has been ongoing debate about the size of the elk population and its impact on park vegetation.
Hunting has been banned in RMNP since 1929. But the Bush Administration and park officials have attempted to skirt the law and class hunters as “volunteers” and authorized them to start killing elk inside the park.
This decision is bad policy on its face, but particularly dangerous because it can have far-reaching policy implications for the entire National Park System.
If administrative agencies open this crack in the door, then what’s to stop similar “control” actions in other parks and monuments? There will always be some pressure group or other interested party who thinks that the system is out of balance and humans can do better in managing populations with their firearms and archery equipment. Nature is not a steady state system, and while there may be impacts from mammals on plants, trees, and other species, it’s likely that these effects will be transitory.
If politicians cave in to the NRA and other groups that have long coveted an opportunity to shoot wildlife in national parks, we may see proposals to allow “volunteer hunters” in Yellowstone or Yosemite or Acadia, or Everglades, or even Isle Royale. Yes, we have disturbed many of these systems, by removing some species or drawing boundaries that do not allow for migrations and normal movements of wide-ranging species. But this sort of lethal intervention is a very dangerous precedent, and it’s one that The HSUS opposes.
In December, we filed an amicus brief with the U.S. District Court for the District of Colorado seeking to overturn the decision. And last week, I sent a letter to the newly appointed Interior Secretary Ken Salazar asking him to suspend and review this controversial decision.
Let’s hope they look at the larger picture, and recognize that adherence to the progressive principles governing management of our national parks is the proper backdrop for any decision made at Rocky Mountain National Park.
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Learn something new every day
More Info... by email
Enron was an American energy conglomerate based in Houston, Texas. During the 1990s, it was considered one of the most powerful and successful corporations in the world. In 2001, however, investigations revealed that Enron’s successful image had been created by defrauding stockholders, regulation agencies, employees and the general public. Enron created a lasting legacy as a widely recognized symbol for corporate greed and corruption.
Enron was created in 1985 through the merger of two natural gas companies at the behest of Houston executive Kenneth Lay. Lay remained the chief executive of Enron throughout its existence. Government deregulation of power utilities allowed Enron and similar companies to amass huge profits during the 1990s. Soon it was involved in a wide variety of industries, including electric power production, oil by-products, shipping, the Internet, and paper production. Numerous entities, including Fortune magazine, cited Enron as a model company for its high profitability and wide-ranging successes.
Few people realized that these profits and successes were all false, generated by creative accounting, careful control of information, and outright fraud. Beginning in the late 1990s, Enron executives such as Jeffrey Skilling and Andrew Fastow initiated a campaign to hide business losses from company stockholders and the general public. Stock prices are based on public perception of a company, not actual assets, so these practices allowed executives to make huge personal profits while their company lost millions. In 2000, an Enron subsidiary created an artificial energy crisis in California that called the company’s practices into question.
In 2001, financial analysts and journalists began to focus attention on Enron; when they could not independently confirm the company’s claimed assets, its stock prices began to decline. The U.S. Securities Exchange Commission began an investigation. Skilling and Fastow were both removed from their positions, and Lay publicly admitted he didn’t understand his own company’s policies. As investors and stockholders abandoned ship, Enron was forced to rely on its own assets to survive, but those assets did not exist. The company declared bankruptcy in December 2001, only months after it was one of the highest-rated companies on Wall Street.
Lay, Skilling, Fastow and more than a dozen other people were found guilty of crimes related to the Enron scandal. Arthur Andersen LLP, a major accounting firm, also shut down because of its connections with Enron. Between the two companies, almost 90,000 people lost their jobs. Enron employees lost more than $2 billion U.S. Dollars (USD) from pensions and corporate-backed savings plans; stockholders lost another $70 billion USD. Kenneth Lay died of a heart attack in 2006, before he could be sentenced; Skilling and Fastow were still in prison as of 2010.
Enron was paying out billions in creditor distributions and settlement payments for close to a decade after it first filed for bankruptcy in 2001.
Between 2004 and 2008, Enron had distributed more than $20 billion to its bankruptcy creditors.
These creditors and settlement parties are somewhat lucky in comparison to victims of many fraudulent financial schemes, who often see nothing and lose a large percentage of their life savings.
Also, many Ponzi scheme victims not only lose their initial investments, but also must pay back money they did receive, even unknowingly, from scheme funds.
One of our editors will review your suggestion and make changes if warranted. Note that depending on the number of suggestions we receive, this can take anywhere from a few hours to a few days. Thank you for helping to improve wiseGEEK!
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Located on the north bank of the Little Tallahatchie River in Leflore County is Macduff Plantation.
Established in 1835, Macduff Plantation has been the home of excellent whitetail and waterfowl hunting for generations.
The property consists of 900 +/- acres in close proximity to the Lodge with mature hardwood timber, twenty plus year old CRP hardwoods no longer under contract, Cypress sloughs, Tupelo Gum sloughs, natural river brakes, moist soil grass open field and a large food plot.
Macduff Plantation Lodge offers first class accommodations overlooking the Little Tallahatchie River, beautifully landscaped with many indoor and outdoor amenities to make your stay a true pleasure. The main Lodge offers three bedrooms and two and one half baths, a large den with vaulted ceiling and fireplace and a screened back porch with an outdoor fireplace. The adjoining two car garage for vehicle/gear storage includes a second floor living quarters for family and friends with two custom built Bodock Wood Bunk Beds, kitchenette and bath room.
Macduff Plantation is a unique property in the heart of the Mississippi River Flyway located only 17 miles north of Greenwood which offers fine dining opportunities at the famous Crystal Grill, Giardina’s and Lusco’s, as well as lodging at The Alluvian Hotel.
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Events are used to trigger actions, such as a command or set of commands. For example, an operator can be notified when a process is complete, or a series of instructions can be executed when a process reaches a certain stage. Select the Enable Events on this computer check box if events are to be enabled on this CitectSCADA computer.
The Events Setup page lists each component's full name, including the cluster to which it belongs, alongside a list of events that can be enabled for each component. If the Multi-process option was not selected on the Computer Role Configuration page there will only be one entry listed, either Client or Client and Servers. If the Multi-process option was selected, you have the option of enabling events for each component on this computer.
Note: The Computer Setup Wizard only
displays named events from the selected project. If you are using
events in included projects you will need to edit your
Citect.ini file to add these under the
[Events] section header.
Note: Events named 'Global' or events with no title will not appear as these are global events. These events will run on computers that have events enabled. These events will run in the client process.
To enable an event for a component:
When you complete the Computer Setup Wizard, the
events are written to each component section in the
Citect.ini file; for example:
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This content is not included in your SAE MOBILUS subscription, or you are not logged in.
Investigation of a Spark-Assisted Diesel Engine
ISSN: 0148-7191, e-ISSN: 2688-3627
Published February 01, 1983 by SAE International in United States
Annotation ability available
A single-cylinder, open-chamber direct-injection (OCDI) diesel engine was converted to low compression ratio, spark-assisted operation. A modular construction cylinder head was built for the test work. The research work indicated that on a typical OCDI diesel engine, several spark plug locations are possible to produce successful ignition of a wide range of fuels. Performance tests were run with different compression and swirl ratio combinations. The best combination was found to be 12.2 compression ratio and 10 swirl ratio. The spark-assisted engine (CR 16:1) was performance tested with methanol and DF-2 plus 20% methanol emulsified fuel. The spark was always required with methanol, however, with emulsified fuel spark was desirable for starting and warming up periods.
The investigation suggested the feasibility of economically developing multi-fuel spark-assisted diesel engines.
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(III) THE REGULATION OF COMMERCIAL RADIO |
305. The Communications Bill will make a number of
revisions to the regulatory framework for commercial radio, some
of which are included in the draft Bill and some of which will
appear for the first time in the final Bill.
A number of the proposals have attracted criticism from within
the commercial radio sector, the main burden of complaint being
that radio is being discriminated against by being made subject
to a more demanding licensing regime than at present or than that
applied to television.
306. At present, the holder of a local radio licence
may be fined £50,000 for the breach of a licence condition;
a national radio licensee, for a first offence, may be required
to pay up to three per cent of qualifying revenue.
Under the proposals of the draft Bill, any non-national licensee
may be fined up to £250,000.
In the case of television broadcasters, the maximum fine for a
first offence can be up to £100,000 or three per cent of
qualifying revenue, whichever is the greater.
Therefore, the fine that may be imposed on a small radio broadcaster
is potentially much higher than that which may be imposed on a
small television broadcaster. The Commercial Radio Companies Association
found the increase in fines excessive and the discrepancy between
radio and television inexplicable.
We recommend that the Government align the provisions for penalties
for contravention of licence conditions between television and
radio. Should it not propose to do so, it should, in its response
to this Report, provide a full account of the rationale for the
307. In relation to licence conditions, the Government
proposes to grant to OFCOM powers not currently possessed by the
Radio Authority, including a power to review the onward sale of
local licences to reduce the risk that new owners move uniformly
towards a middle ground of national taste.
The CRCA and Capital Radio questioned the need for this additional
discretionary power, while the Radio Authority wished to see it
strengthened to go so far as to enable OFCOM to prevent onward
sales "during the first year or so after a licence is awarded,
if the integrity of the licensing system is to be protected".
308. The Policy document stated that the final Bill
will impose a "new duty on OFCOM to promote and protect the
local content and character of local radio".
In the absence of draft Clauses on this issue, commercial radio
companies were suspicious that this might entail a further extension
of regulatory power.
The regulator already has powers to impose conditions to secure
the character of radio services, powers which are to be strengthened
under provisions already included in the draft Bill.
309. Our attempts to scrutinise the radio provisions
of the draft Bill have been akin to trying to piece together a
jigsaw with a number of missing pieces. In the absence of some
of the most crucial provisions, our conclusions are necessarily
confined to some general statements of principle. Local content
and character must be integral and central characteristics of
local commercial radio, as fundamental obligations in return for
which licensees are granted spectrum access. In principle, we
support the concept of additional duties and powers to maintain
such obligations. We recommend that these incorporate a duty on
OFCOM to award and review radio licences in such a way as to ensure
that the broadest possible range of tastes and interests is catered
for within each local radio area.
583 Policy, paras 220.127.116.11-18.104.22.168. Back
QQ 718-719; contribution to online forum from Susannah Simons
(GWR Group). Back
Broadcasting Act 1990, section 110. Back
Schedule 9, para 4. Back
Clause 159(3). Back
Ev 247, para 45; Q 720. Back
Policy, para 22.214.171.124. Back
Ev 247, para, 25; Ev 251, para 6.7; Ev 20, para3(b). Back
Policy, para 126.96.36.199. Back
Ev 247, para 25; Ev 251, para 6.7. Back
Broadcasting Act 1990, section 106; Clause 211. Back
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In this Tower ocurred the battle "Rancagua", the genereral O'higging refuged in the tower, but in vain.
Then marked the end of the "Patria Vieja" (Old Country) and gave way to the "Reconquista" (Re-Conquest).
Nobody has marked this note useful
- Copyright: Luiz Paulo Modos (Modos) (968)
- Genre: Places
- Medium: Color
- Date Taken: 2013-12-30
- Categories: Decisive Moment
- Camera: Canon EOS Rebel T1i, Canon EF 24-105mm f/4L USM
- Exposure: f/5.0, 1/50 seconds
- More Photo Info: view
- Photo Version: Original Version
- Date Submitted: 2014-06-09 14:50
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What was Yazıcı’s crime? He was the design director of Zaman, the award-winning newspaper in Istanbul. In 2016, after an abortive coup, 47 journalists from Zaman were arrested and accused of complicity. Yazıcı and his colleagues were convicted, and the newspaper was closed. His sentence: Life.
Fevzi spent much of the next few years in solitary confinement.
Eventually, Yazıcı was allowed periodic visits by Firdevs and his two sons. Faced with darkness until the end of his days, Yazıcı could have given up, as so many others in his situation have. And yet, he prevailed. Through his creativity, Yazıcı turned isolation into expression. With only a few hours of sunlight per day, armed with a ballpoint pen, a pencil, a broken ruler, and some other basic materials, Yazıcı created art—and an entire typeface.
In 2018, a Turkish court reduced his sentence to 11 years and six months. So, Yazıcı may stay in jail for six more years.
Drawn with the precision available only to those with immeasurable time on their hands, Fevzi’s art and glyphs show what is possible with a ballpoint pen and pencil. Many of his drawings are now on display at The Hillstrom Museum of Art. The show runs to April 24 at Gustavus Adolphus College in St. Peter, Minnesota. The typeface’s first use is in the poster and catalog for this show, Fevzi Yazıcı: Dark White.
The foundry’s total income from this font will be sent to Fevzi Yazıcı and his family. There will be no deductions for production costs or other expenses.
With this post, Type Network announces that it will contribute its commission on the sales to Reporteurs sans Frontières (Reporters without Borders).
“Please license this great font for $50!” said Roger Black, TN chair. “All the proceeds will go to the designer, and to help in RSF’s fight for a free press around the world.”
Thinking about Fevzi
My friend Fevzi Yazıcı should be helping tell the stories of the people of Turkey instead of being held for the last five and one-half years at Silivri Prison.
I met Fevzi through the Society for News Design (SND) and was his guest in Istanbul as part of +1T Design Days, a conference he organized in Istanbul. At a conference in San Francisco in 2016, we had breakfast together and talked at length about design, our countries, and our families. Fevzi was an active member of SND, and a judge one year at its competition.
Just a few months later, the coup in Turkey changed everything. “This cannot be real,” he told me. “I cannot recognize my country.”
He was arrested that summer and initially sentenced to life in prison as a part of crackdown on the press who were often charged with connection to an opposition leader and attempting to “eliminate the government of Turkey.” The United Nations denounced the conviction of Fevzi and his co-defendants in a statement: “The court decision condemning journalists to life in prison for their work, without presenting substantial proof of their involvement in the coup attempt or ensuring a fair trial, critically threatens journalism and with it the remnants of freedom of expression and media freedom in Turkey.”
In 2020, after visiting Fevzi’s show at Yeh Art Gallery at St. John’s University in New York, I was able to share Fevzi’s story and his work with The Washington Post’s global audience in an opinion essay titled “Art of Darkness.” The story showcased his work before his imprisonment and then the astounding art he’s been able to create with limited supplies while in solitary confinement the past four years. Fevzi’s contributions to that story earned him two awards from SND—which had regularly recognized his design work before his arrest.
It’s clear to me, Fevzi was born to be a visual artist. He’s unafraid, passionate and a wonderful storyteller. It’s uplifting to see that his time in solitary confinement hasn’t defeated this spirit, but at the same time, agonizing to think of the conditions he’s living in daily. His sentence was recently reduced to 11 years and three months.
I remain filled with hope for Fevzi’s freedom and for his family to be reunited outside of prison walls. I have that belief because I have the honor of working alongside Jason Rezaian, who was imprisoned as a journalist in Iran and also served time in solitary confinement. The fact that Jason is free gives me hope that one day, Fevzi will be free too.
Greg Manifold is the creative director of The Washington Post
A rule-breaking typeface
I am breath taken at Fevzi’s courage and persistence. His latest artwork, limited to pencils and pens, is astounding. As Viktor Frankl has said: “What then matters is to bear witness to the uniquely human potential at its best, which is to transform a personal tragedy into a triumph, to turn one’s predicament into a human achievement.”
Some days I struggle with the meaning in my line of work: I draw letters. My husband is working on curing cancer. The disparity, for me, is large. Very rarely does a typeface change the world. Bell Centennial, which increased legibility while saving countless trees, is the only one that springs to mind. Don’t get me wrong, the satisfaction of delivering something pleasing to a client never gets old. But I have need to do something more impactful for the world around me, a need that is mostly fulfilled by leading hikes for new parents once a week. . . .
One of my favorite books is Man’s Search for Meaning by Frankl. Written in 1946, it is the memoir of a psychotherapist imprisoned in concentration camps during the Holocaust. There Frankl refined his theories on what brings meaning to people’s lives: creation, experience, suffering.
Fevzi creates. He makes beautiful, thought-provoking works of art with no more than a ballpoint pen. His letters read like poetry. Now, he has designed a typeface.
“I’ve wanted to design a font for as long as I can remember, but it was not destined to be attempted until I have been imprisoned. Even though I designed a lot of logotypes, to design a font from scratch and in whole was such another thing,” he wrote in a letter to fellow SND member Roger Black, a colleague at TN.
“My kind request,” Fevzi continued, “depending on your availability, is to examine the current state of the design and to share your expert critics with me. You can be a partner of this small journey.” Roger shared this letter with a few of us at Type Network. This was an occasion to use my type design skills to help someone; to bring a deeper meaning to what I do.
Fevzi is enormously talented, and he has a keen eye. There was little that I needed to do to turn his drawings into a working typeface. It breaks several rules of font design, but it still comes together. It’s distinctive, yet one can read it without getting too distracted. Even at smaller sizes, which is surprising for what is meant to be a display face. It is beautiful, dignified, and legible.
Fevzi creates, but he also finds meaning in a fundamental experience—love. This font is named after his wife, whose name translates to “heaven.” I think again of Frankl: “For the first time in my life, I saw the truth as it is set into song by so many poets, proclaimed as the final wisdom by so many thinkers. The truth–that Love is the ultimate and highest goal to which man can aspire. Then I grasped the meaning of the greatest secret that human poetry and human thought and belief have to impart: The salvation of man is through love and in love.”
Dyana Weissman is custom type director of Type Network, and the principal of Kerns & Cairns, a TN partner foundry.
Few months ago, I found myself in the middle of a typographic adventure as an art director who examined fonts amply but never had the chance to design one. The driving force of this adventure was author Ahmet Turan Alkan’s encouragement and my ambitions.
I’ve wanted to design a font for as long as I can remember, but it was not destined to be attempted until I had been imprisoned. Even though I designed many logotypes, to design a font from scratch and in whole was such another thing.
Extremely ironic: Under oppressions and limited resources, I attempt this bold adventure—which I could not have succeeded in spite of all of the opportunities and freedom I have had—now. I have nothing but a pen, a pencil, an eraser, a dull sharpener, a faulty 30 cm plastic ruler, and several graph notebook sheets. Ohh, I forgot my lovely desk.
The main idea and motivation behind this font is to become a representative symbol for telling the stories of the journalists and other innocents who are imprisoned in Silivri Camp or similar jailhouses. Who knows, maybe this font can be their voice.
I have a dream: How nice it would be if the works of all those authors and illustrators who are trapped and oppressed behind the walls could have been published with this font? As I have said, this is a dream, and dreams are boundless.
Such a font: Beautiful enough to attract the attention of the world, dignified enough to express all the sufferings experienced, legible enough to endow a body and their own voices to the words.
Yes, this is a paramount target. I have flinched with the overwhelming possibility of being pressed under the font and its mission. Thus, I sufficed with the start. I believed the remnants would surface slowly.
Everything began with an “a”. This was an “a” form I have caught while my pencil wanders on the notebook haphazardly. This sketch evoked the padlock warders used to lock my cell. How weird it is: This unpleasant resemblance was about to transform into an “a” form I liked a lot.
Next, I have designed other letters and formed a bunch of roses and gifted this rose bunch of letters to my spouse on her birthday. I named this font with my wife’s name, meaning heaven: Firdevs.
This must be one of the best remedies in lieu of gifting a real rose bunch to Firdevs. In spite of all limitations of the dungeon, this event is an unforgettable memoir for both Firdevs and myself.
Fevzi Yazıcı was the award-winning design director of Zaman, the daily newspaper in Istanbul, now closed. He wrote this letter, as he drew the typeface, Firdevs, while in solitary confinement in a Turkish prison.
Designed in captivity, Firdevs stands alone. The designer, Fevzi Yazıcı has stated, “I can easily claim that I have not been affected, more broadly even not inspired, from any font while I was designing Firdevs.”
It functions extremely well as a unique display face, and yet (surprisingly) Firdevs maintains readability at smaller sizes. When you license Firdevs, Kerns & Cairns, the foundry that digitized and released the font, is giving all its proceeds to the designer and his family. Type Network is contributing its commission to and RSF. For a reasonable fee, you download a great typeface, help an imprisoned journalist, and aid the effort to protect free press around the world.
To stay up to date with the Firdevs typeface, subscribe to the Type Network Newsletter, where we share interviews, case studies, and tutorials.
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Minimally invasive TLIF has had increasing popularity over the past decade due to purported advantages in terms of decreased post-operative pain, lower infection rates, and lower blood loss. Skeptics of the procedure have cited a steep learning curve associated with higher complication rates, increased OR and fluoroscopy time, lower fusion rates, and minimal measurable benefits for patients. In an attempt to provide data on the topic, Dr. Seng and his colleagues from Singapore published a matched-pair cohort study comparing short term as well as longer term outcomes between patients treated with open and MIS-TLIF. Forty MIS-TLIF patients with either spondylolisthesis (80% of patients) or degenerative disk disease (20% of patients) with stenosis were selected, and the authors then created an open TLIF cohort matched on age, gender, BMI, and operative level (only one level cases were included). The groups were similar at baseline, though the open group tended to have more medical comorbidities and worse SF-36 scores (role physical functioning and vitality were significantly worse). From six months to 5 years of follow-up, patient reported outcome measures including VAS back and leg pain, ODI, Neurogenic Symptom Score, and SF-36 scores were similar, as was fusion rate. The MIS-TLIF group had significantly less blood loss, shorter times to ambulation and discharge, and lower post-operative morphine use. Additionally, 10% of patients in the open group required a transfusion, while none were required in the MIS group (difference not significant). The open TLIF group had a shorter OR time and less use of intra-operative fluoroscopy. These results are in line with prior observational studies suggesting some perioperative and short-term advantages to MIS-TLIF but no long-term differences.
Debate on this topic has been longstanding, and the current study adds some data that is consistent with what is in the literature. However, given that this represents another observational trial prone to selection and reporting bias, the question remains unanswered. There are no double-blinded RCTs on the topic, and such a study design would be required to definitively determine how the two techniques stack up against one another. Other than blood loss, most of the short term outcomes like time to ambulation and discharge and narcotic usage can be biased in an unblinded study as patients and caregivers alike have different expectations depending on the type of surgery performed. Additionally, the surgeons selected the patients for the two different operations, and there were likely unmeasured patient factors that contributed to this decision. Inspection of their baseline characteristics demonstrates that the open TLIF group was somewhat less healthy and active compared to the MIS-TLIF group. Prior to wide adoption of MIS-TLIF, a blinded RCT should be performed comparing short and long term outcomes between the two techniques. MIS-TLIF has been shown to have a relatively long learning curve associated with an increased complication rate as surgeons learn the technique, and a tangible benefit should be demonstrated before surgeons subject patients to their learning curve.1,2 Determining the indications for TLIF is another topic altogether.
Please read Dr. Seng’s article on this topic in the November 1 issue. Does this article change how you view the advantages and disadvantages of MIS-TLIF? Let us know by leaving a comment on The Spine Blog.
Adam Pearson, MD, MS
Associate Web Editor
1. Silva PS, Pereira P, Monteiro P, Silva PA, Vaz R. Learning curve and complications of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Neurosurg Focus 2013;35:E7.
2. Lee JC, Jang HD, Shin BJ. Learning curve and clinical outcomes of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: our experience in 86 consecutive cases. Spine 2012;37:1548-57.
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Telling The Time Wipe-Clean Activity Book
These workbooks are designed to give children practise in fundamental skills. The write and wipe capability allows for loads of practise. Each book has been designed with engaging images and activities. Desired learning outcomes are identified at the top of each pages as a reference for teachers and parents. Colourful characters make learning to tell the time fun!
- Ages 6+
- 24 pages
- Wipe clean pen included
Write Your Own Review
We found other products you might like!
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This post contains affiliate links. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases at no additional cost to you.
Have you ever wondered what your RV model numbers stand for? I see these numbers all the time. For instance, 30RDB-L or 26HFS-DSO. I find myself wondering what the heck are these letters and numbers actually for, do they even stand for anything? Are they just arbitrary numbers and letters put together for no particular reason? Well, I found the answers I was looking for and I am going to share with you what I found, (in case you were wondering too).
RV manufacturers each have their own way of assigning model numbers to floor plans. And not all of them follow the same “rules” when it comes to abbreviations. I put together a list of the most commonly used abbreviations and what they stand for below.
RV Model Number Abbreviations
- FK – Front Kitchen
- RK – Rear Kitchen
- CK – Central Kitchen
- OK – Outdoor Kitchen
- RL – Rear Living Room
- ML – Middle Living Room
- FL – Front Living Room
- FE – Front Entertainment Area/Same as living room
- RE – Rear Entertainment Area/Same as living room
- DB – Double Bunk
- TB – Triple Bunk
- BH – Bunk House
- TH – Toy Hauler
- SLX, XLT, XLITE, etc. – Lightweight
- WS – With Slide
- S, SL – Single Slide
- TS – Triple Slide
- SS – Super Slide, (the entire wall slides out)
- RS – Rear Slide
- Q – Queen
- K – King
- QB – Queen Bed
- KB – King Bed
- MB – Murphy Bed
- RB – Rear Bathroom
- FB – Front Bathroom
Most of these make sense once you know what they stand for. Our Kodiak model number is 201QB. So the QB means there is a queen bed in the RV. Most RV model numbers are short and to the point.
In the floorplan below, The SLX means that it is a lightweight travel trailer, the single 8 means that it is 8′ wide, and the 245 is the approximately 24′ of total livable length. The RLS stands for Rear Living, Slide.
I’ve come across a few that made absolutely no sense whatsoever. Take the Forest River model numbers I used in the opening of this article. I still have no idea what they stand for. DSO? The only thing I have been able to find is “Dealer Stock Only” on Forest River’s website.
What Do RV Model Numbers Stand For?
In most instances, the number in your model number reflects the length of the RV and other floor plan accessories. You might be saying, “My model number says 201 and my rig is 24′ long”. You would be right. The number is the length of “livable space” inside the RV.
According to the RVIA, the advertised length should be the usable floor plan length. The tongue and the bumper of the RV are not included in the measurement. Is this always the case. No. Just like with the abbreviations, not all manufacturers follow the “rule”. They are free to place whatever letters and numbers they wish to identify their specific floorplans.
There you have it. RV model numbers explained. Did I miss any? Do you have a unique model number? Leave us a comment below and let us know.
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Join our Facebook Group for even more interaction with fellow RVers. Feel free to ask questions, post your camping photos, and more.
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A butler was a male individual who was hired to perform household tasks in another's home.
In 2369, Beverly Crusher sought out Jean-Luc Picard to play the role of the butler in her play, Something for Breakfast. The role had only two lines. She thought he would be excellent for the role, although Picard was disappointed he was not considered for a leading role, even though he did not have the time to learn one. (TNG: "A Fistful of Datas")
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- I suggest that developers habits and thinking is strongly influenced by their development environments. If you use Eclipse to develop software then when you use Eclipse your default mentality is one of development. Not practising. Since we're practising, we deliberately don't use a development environment.
- I point out that cyber-dojo is not a personal development environment, it's a shared practice environment. In a development environment it makes sense to have tools such as colour syntax highlighting and code-completion to help you go faster so you can ship sooner. In a practice environment it doesn't. When you're practising you don't want to go faster, since you're not shipping anything. You want to go slower. You want your practice to be more deliberate.
- I observe that since it is so different to a development environment, participants may feel some slight discomfort when first using cyber-dojo. This discomfort is also deliberate! Discomfort can bring learning opportunities.
- I do a short demo explaining...
- the files on the left side
- the initial source files bear no relation to the exercise
- the test button
- the output file
- the meaning of the red, amber, green traffic lights
- I ask the participants to enter their dojo in pairs. Pairing is an important part of the learning. Occasionally a few choose not to pair (and that's fine) but most do.
facilitating a cyber-dojo tips
When I'm facilitating a cyber-dojo with a new group here's how I typically start:
Posted by Jon Jagger
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Footprint: http://www.ci.woodinville.wa.us/cityhall/CrimeReports.asp Message: Why would human being complain about something that brings them security and comfort. Today we live in a dangerous world and it’s not possible to know who are telling the truth and who is not. The government on its turn tries to protect the population by installing cameras everywhere and having access to our personal information. The government can’t do anything with our information and it’s illegal to make them public. All they could do is to protect us in case someone is planning something against us. If you have nothing to hide then you have nothing to lose. Medium: Video with pic and text.
1) Are you safe?
2) Many people worry about their safety but do not do their part to be protected ... 3) they hide themselves in their world thinking that they are auto sufficient and don’t need anyone else’s help 4) Tragedies happening against people, all the times that could be prevented.
5) but oh well, you don’t want anyone to invade your little own world right? 6) Because of the people’s selfishness thousands and thousands of women and children have been killed every year 7) victims of human traffic, kidnapping and rape.
8) 80% of all the people victims of human are women and 40% are kids. 9) (video), and if it was your daughter, someone in your family or even you?!
11) We all should know that from the moment that my life is exposed, no longer exists anywhere else to run... Privacy is gone! 12) We are the guilty for exposing our own lives,
13) for using Facebook,
14) for accessing our banking account online (photo of chase in the back) 15) Purchasing things in websites instead of going to stores. 16) That’s all our fault and we can’t complain about it, because it is convenient! _______________________________DONE_________________________________________ 17) You allow everyone to...
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Town of Belleair Receives Certified Local Government Designation
TALLAHASSEE—Secretary of State Ken Detzner announced today that the Town of Belleair has been designated a Florida Certified Local Government (CLG). The CLG Program is a partnership among local governments, the State of Florida and the National Park Service, which designates CLGs through this national historic preservation program.
“The Town of Belleair has taken an important step in the preservation of its historic resources by seeking designation as a Certified Local Government” said Secretary of State Ken Detzner. “As a Certified Local Government, the town will create a process for the survey, designation, and protection of its historic resources, and will join a network of 64 other Certified Local Governments around Florida which have made historic preservation a public policy priority.”
The CLG program encourages the direct participation of local governments in the identification, evaluation, registration, and preservation of historic properties within their jurisdictions, and promotes the integration of local preservation interests and concerns into local planning and decision-making processes. Local governments that participate in the CLG Program act independently to develop and maintain a successful preservation program.
Incorporated in 1925, the Town of Belleair is located in Pinellas County just north of St. Petersburg. Belleair’s history began with the construction of the Belleview Hotel in 1890. This landmark building, one of the largest wood frame buildings in Florida, was constructed by Henry B. Plant as a resort destination to boost tourist travel on his railroad line serving the west coast of Florida. Following the town’s incorporation, noted city planner John Nolen was commissioned to lay out the community’s streets. The town grew rapidly after World War II, and most of its historic resources date from that time. Concerns over the preservation of the Biltmore Hotel and the community’s other historic buildings encouraged the town to adopt a historic preservation ordinance in 2005, and then to seek designation as a Certified Local Government.
For information about Florida’s Certified Local Government communities, visit flheritage.com/preservation/clg.
About the Florida Certified Local Government Program
The CLG was established in 1980, and is administered by the National Park Service and in Florida by the Division of Historical Resources, Florida Department of State. The CLG Program links three levels of government—federal, state and local—into a preservation partnership for the identification, evaluation, and protection of historic and archaeological resources. Florida’s CLGs (towns, cities, and counties) receive expert technical historic preservation assistance to guide them in the preservation efforts from the National Park Service, the Division of Historical Resources, and from Florida’s other CLGs. This designation also gives CLGs access to historic preservation grant assistance available solely to CLGs. In order to become a CLG, a local government must meet several requirements, the most important of which is a commitment to enforcing local and state historic preservation laws, and the establishment of a professionally qualified historic preservation board. Nationally, more than 1,880 local governments participate in the CLG program. In Florida, 65 local governments have been designated as CLG. For more information visit flheritage.com/preservation/clg
About the Division of Historical Resources
The Division of Historical Resources (DHR) is responsible for preserving and promoting Florida’s historical, archaeological, and folk culture resources. DHR directs historic preservation efforts throughout the state in cooperation with state and federal agencies, local governments, private organizations, and individuals. The director of DHR serves as the State Historic Preservation Officer, acting as the liaison with the national historic preservation program conducted by the National Park Service. Chapter 267, Florida Statutes, directs DHR to develop a statewide historic preservation plan. The Division is comprised of two Bureaus or major program areas: archaeological research and historic preservation. For more information visit flheritage.com.
CONTACT: Brittany Lesser, 850.245.6522
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The report Digital Banking in Sub-Saharan Africa investigates the digital banking market of the Sub-Saharan African Market.
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[continued from part 2]
bba certificate 08/4582 (2008) for kooltherm K15
In October 2008, the BBA issued Agrément 08/4582 (Product Sheet 1) for Kingspan’s Kooltherm K15, a phenolic insulation board designed for rainscreen applications:
Section 7 of the Certificate concerns ‘Behaviour in relation to fire’. Only two fire tests are recorded as having been undertaken. The second of these, to BS EN 1364-1, is for the fire resistance of non-load bearing walls (the ability to prevent the spread of fire from one side of a wall to the other), and is not relevant to the requirements of AD B2 12.5 to 12.9. The first is a large-scale system test to BS 8414-1/BR 135:
The outer cladding was provided by cement particle boards, and the system is reported as having passed the test according to the criteria of BRE 135. A later Certificate (BBA 14/5134 Sheet 7, 2015) indicates that the test had been carried out in December 2005, with report number 220876:
[ADDED 1 MARCH 2018
An advert for Kooltherm K15 in the August 2016 edition of International Fire Protection magazine, misleadingly claimed that the product had been ‘successfully tested’ to BS 8414-1:2002, and that when assessed in accordance with BR 135, it was
acceptable for use above 18 metres
in accordance with the Building Regulations:
But nothing could be ‘successfully tested’ to BS 8414-1:2002, since it contains no criteria for success or failure. Moreover, BS 8414-1:2002 is the British Standard for a test method for cladding systems, not for individual products:
I think it is highly misleading to claim that the product has been tested to this standard without even mentioning the system of which it was a part. It was the system that was tested to BS 8414-1:2005, not the insulation component per se.
Worse still, the claim that the product can be used above 18 metres ‘in accordance with’ the Building Regulations, is ambiguous. Does it mean:
i) it can be used above 18 metres, as the Building Regulations indicate; or
ii) it can be used above 18 metres, if used in a way that is in accordance with the Building Regulations?
It seems very probably that many will have read it the first way. If Kingspan were not trying to mislead, why did they not simply state that the product could be used above 18 metres as part of the system that was tested?
END OF ADDED SECTION.]
Class 0 (England and Wales) and ‘low risk’ (Scotland)
There is no record of testing to BS 476 parts 7 and 6, and yet in the next sub-section (7.2) it is stated that the product is Class 0 [England and Wales] or ‘low risk’ [Scotland] as defined in the national Building Regulations:
There are two ways of achieving Class 0 (AD B2 Appendix A.13):
Read literally, it would appear that a composite product can achieve Class 0 if its ‘surface’ is composed ‘throughout’ of materials of limited combustibility. It seems a little odd to speak of a surface being composed ‘throughout’ of something, but perhaps this is conceivable. The facings of Kooltherm K15 are a composite foil, but it may be that the surface itself is aluminium, which is classified as non-combustible. 1 Is it possible that the product has been given a Class 0 rating without a fire test on this basis?
Such an explanation is not possible for the classification of the product as ‘low risk’ under the Scottish building regulations. The 2007 Technical Handbook (Domestic) defines ‘low risk’ under the national class as follows:
There is no way to achieve the ‘low risk’ classification without a fire test to BS 476 part 7 to achieve Class 1, followed by a test to BS 476 part 6. So it would appear, assuming that the Certificate is accurate, that both tests were in fact taken and the required results achieved.
The test results required are exactly the same as those for Class 0 (England & Wales). Class 0 (England & Wales) would then also have been achieved through the route described in 13.b, so that there would then be no need for the alternative explanation of the rating being achieve through a rather doubtful interpretation of 13.a, with no fire tests.
But if the BS 476 tests were taken, it is strange that there is no record of them in the Certificate. By way of contrast, in BBA Certificate 94/3061 for Kingspan Kooltherm K7, it is definitely stated that the product was tested to BS 476 parts 7 and 6:
So I remain perplexed as to why the BBA specifies Class 0 and ‘low risk’ ratings for Kooltherm K15 without any indication of the product have undergone the relevant BS 476 tests.
Use according to Diagram 40
The Kooltherm K15 Certificate 08/84582 (2008) goes on to say that because it is Class 0, the product may therefore be used according to the provisions of AD B2 12.5 and 12.6, with Diagram 40:
The then current 2006 edition (amended 2007) of AD B2 read as it does now at 12.6:
The highest rating required in Diagram 40 is Class 0, with Euro Class B as an alternative. So Kooltherm K15 could in principle be used for an external surface if all other building regulation requirements were met.
But from a practical point of view such insulation boards would never be used as the external surface. It is a rain screen product to be employed with an outer cladding and, apart from anything else, has the manufacturer’s name and logo all over it: 2
So I am puzzled as to why the BBA Certificate states that the product may be used ‘in accordance with the provisions of … 12.6’, if it never would be so used.
use over 18 metres
The next section (7.3) of the Certificate stipulated that for buildings with a floor above 18 metres:
advice should be sought from the Certificate holder.
Being combustible, and an insulation product, Kooltherm K15 could not satisfy the requirements of AD B2 12.7, which read then as it does now:
The only way it could be used in compliance with the Approved Document, therefore, was as part of a cladding system that had been found to satisfy the BR 135 criteria using full scale test data from BS 8414 (12.5):
In December 2008, when this certificate was issued, there had been just one test to BS 8414 of a system which included Kooltherm K15. It is described in section 7.1 of the Certificate, as shown above. The Test Report Number, 220876, allows this cladding system to be identified with one shown in Kingspan’s Technical Bulletin ‘Routes to Compliance‘ (First Issue, August 2015):
Key features and elements, apart from the 60 mm insulation boards, are the cement particle cladding boards, the 40 mm deep cavity between the insulation boards and the cement particle boards, the graphite-based intumescent cavity barriers, and the aluminium railing system. Clearly, the fire behaviour of the system will depend on all its features and elements, and not just on the insulation boards. The 2013 edition of BR 135 states explicitly that a classification to BS 8414/BR 135 applies only to the specific system tested (A2, p. 19):
and I think this principle would have been self-evident already in 2008.
I would have expected therefore that BBA Certificate 08/4582 (2008) would have stated simply that Kooltherm K15 could only be used above 18 m as part of the system detailed in test report 220876. To use it as part of some other system would require a test to BS 8414/BR 135 and probably an amendment to the BBA Certificate to include the new approved system.
Instead, the user of the product is advised to contact the Certificate holder, which is Kingspan, its manufacturer. What advice did Kingspan give? Did they say that it had to be used as part of the system specified in test report 220876, and make all the relevant information available to the potential purchaser? Or did they sometimes advise that their product could be used as part of some other system, without testing it to BS 8414/BR 135?
I will come back to this question after considering the change in certification that occurred in 2013. First, however, we need to examine two important amendments to BBA 08/4582 that were made in 2010.
BBA 08/4582 (2008, amended 2010)
BBA 08/4582 was amended in April 2010, with revisions being made to Section 7 on ‘Behaviour in Relation to Fire’:
Kooltherm K15 is again classified as Class 0 (England and Wales) or ‘low risk’ (Scotland), without any reference being made to tests to BS 476 parts 7 and 6. But now it is claimed that, because it is Class 0, it is therefore useable in accordance with the provisions of 12.7 as well as those of 12.5 and 12.6:
It seems to me that this certification by the BBA was in breach of the building regulations. Paragraph 12.7 only applies to buildings with a storey 18m or more above ground level. It requires that insulation products be of ‘limited combustibility’ as defined in AD B2 Appendix A, and and it is undisputed that phenolic insulation boards are unable to achieve such a rating. So how could the BBA state that:
The product … may be used in accordance with the provisions of … Approved Document B … paragraph … 12.7, Volume 2 [?]
In my opinion, this is a question that the public enquiry would do well do investigate. Did a lawless culture develop in the façade industry, which smiled at such apparently flagrant transgressions of the regulations?
CWCT Technical Note 73, March 2011
The CWCT’s Technical Note 73 (now removed upon request from CWCT) on ‘Fire performance of curtain walls and rainscreens’, which I referred to in part 1 of this series, was issued in March 2011, just under a year after the revision of BBA 08/4582. Having stated that AD B2 requires insulation materials used in buildings of over 18 m to be of limited combustibility, TN 73 observes that:
The only commonly used insulation material that will satisfy the definition of limited combustibility is mineral wool.
The CWCT reported, however, that:
It is sometimes argued that thermoset insulation materials with non combustible facings may be regarded as satisfying the requirement
The three commonly used thermoset insulation materials, PUR, PIR and phenolic resin, do not satisfy the ‘limited combustibility’ requirement of AD B2 12.7, as defined in AD B2 Appendix A. To ‘regard’ them as so doing is to enter into a world of fantasy and make-believe. It is also to introduce a dangerous element of uncertainty and ambiguity into the interpretation of the building regulations, whose meaning had previously had been clear enough.
One possible explanation for the BBA’s assertion that Kooltherm K15 could be used in accordance with AD B2 12.7 is that the BBA, whose remit is to help supply the construction industry with products of the highest quality, was ‘regarding’ it as being as of limited combustibility, even though it actually is not, as defined in AD B2 Appendix A.
retraction of claim that BS 8414 test met BR 135 criteria
The original 2008 Certificate contained, as shown before near the top of this post, a description of the BS 8414 test, with the conclusion that the temperature at the level 2 thermocouples did not exceed 600° C:
These two claims of limited fire spread and satisfaction of the BRE 135 criteria are absent from the 2010 amended Certificate, while the rest of the description of the test remains the same:
The removal of the two claims plausibly indicates that they may have been found to be untrue or uncertain. The edition of BRE 135 then current was that of 2003. As in BRE 135:2013, the only criteria that have to be met to avoid a definite failure are that none of the two sets of Level 2 thermocouples exceed 600° C above ambient during the first 15 minutes of the test. BBA 08/4582 declares in effect (since ambient was no doubt above 0° C) that these criteria were met during the ‘stated test time’, but does not tell us what this test time was.
BRE 135:2013 identifies the 600° C temperature rise with the degree of fire spread. Taking ‘External fire spread’ as an example:
[ADDED 18 JANUARY 2018, AFTER VIEWING BR 135:2003. REPLACES SOME PREVIOUS MATERIAL.
The failure criteria were specified in the same way in the 2003 edition. Here, for example, is the External Fire Spread criterion (with apologies for the poor quality photograph taken in the British Library):
The 2010 amended certificate states that
within the stated test time
the temperature of the level 2 thermocouples did not exceed 600° C. If the ‘stated test time’ were 15 minutes or more, then the system would have met the BR 135 criteria. Why then did the 2010 amended certificate no longer state that fire spread was limited and that the BR 135 criteria had been met?
One logical possibility is that the test was terminated before 15 minutes had passed. In the later BS 8414-1:2015 edition, two criteria are given for terminating the test early:
In the previous edition, BS 8414-1:2002, which was in force at the time of the test (8 December 2005), there were no such early termination criteria. Similar criteria, but with ‘test facility’ rather than ‘test apparatus’, had however been introduced earlier that year (6 October 2005) in the first BS 8414-2:2005 edition of the sister standard for cladding systems fixed to a structural steel frame (section 8.5):
Perhaps therefore, as a practical matter at least, such termination criteria would have been introduced to the BS 8414-1 test by December 2005. If so, then theoretically the test could have been terminated early because of flame spread above the test facility/apparatus or perceived risks. That the temperature gain at level 2 had not yet exceeded 600° C might then just reflect the fact that the system had failed before it had time to do so.
It does admittedly seem far-fetched to suppose that a BS 8414-1 test would be recorded on a BBA Certificate without any indication that the system had failed the test. Most probably there is an alternative explanation for why the claims that the system had limited fire spread and that it had passed the test according to the BR 135 criteria were removed from the 2010 amended Certificate. I think it would be important for the Inquiry to examine Test Report 220876 and to find out the reason for the retractions.
END OF ADDED SECTION.]
BBA 08/4582 Second Issue (2013)
BBA 08/4582 Product Sheet 1 for Kooltherm K15 received its Second Issue in December 2013:
There are important changes to the section on ‘Behaviour in relation to fire’. The product is still classified as Class 0 (England & Wales) or ‘low risk’ (Scotland), but the claim that it can be used in accordance with various specified paragraphs of the national building regulations is no longer in evidence:
With respect to the BS 8414 test, the claim, last evident in the 2008 Certificate, that the system met the criteria of BR 135 is restored, but this time with reference to the 2013 edition:
The system is called a ‘specific cladding construction’ and the footnote makes it clear that the test result:
relates only to this specific construction and a separate test would be required to establish the performance of any other combination of materials.
Then, with regard to buildings over 18 m, where the previous certificates had directed that ‘advice should be sought from the Certificate holder’, the Second Issue permitted the product to be used only when it was:
incorporated in the construction defined in section 8.2
Two loopholes closed
The 2013 Second Issue of BBA 08/4582 permitted Kooltherm K15 to be employed in buildings over 18 m only if incorporated in the system defined in Section 8.2, with the 60 mm version of the product, 6 mm cement particle outer boards, a 40 mm cavity, and so on. Any other system would have to be subjected to a large-scale test to BS 8414.
Two potential loopholes had thus been closed:
- A user of the product could no longer point to Section 7.1 of BBA 08/4582 (2010) to show that it was ‘approved for use in accordance with the provisions of … [AD B2] 12.5, 12.6 and 12.7’.
- There was no longer any provision, as in Section 7.2 of BBA 08/4582 (2010), to seek ‘advice’ from Kingspan as to whether their product could be used on a high building.
At the end of Part 2 of this series, I showed a slide from a presentation by Steve Evans of the NHBC in which, referring to BBA 08/4582 and Kooltherm K15, he pointed (slide 7) to a:
Change in BBA certificate in late 2013 for most common product used on site restricted its use on buildings with a floor over 18m
If Evans is right that the revisions incorporated into the 2013 Second Issue of BBA 08/4582 had the effect of restricting the use of Kooltherm K15, then it follows that the terms of the First Issue had been allowing its use in systems other than the particular one that had been tested to BS 8414. In other words, one or both of these two loopholes had been open (assuming that there were no others).
If Kooltherm K15 actually was being used on high rise buildings prior to December 2013 on the basis of BBA 08/4582, apart from in the one tested construction, despite such use being contrary to the provisions of AD B2 12.7, then this would be an important key to understanding why more than one party apparently found it acceptable to install Celotex RS 5000 on Grenfell Tower, despite such use being contrary to 12.7. It seems to me that the Inquiry should investigate the approvals granted in this earlier period, and their basis. Was Kooltherm K15 in fact installed in alternative configurations? Was this on the basis of advice from Kingspan? Or, after the 2010 amendment, was justification for use of the product being found in the BBA’s apparent assertion that it fulfilled the requirements of AD B2 12.7? Or again, was it being used with no justification from either the Approved Document or the BBA Certificate?
the response from the bca
The changes made to BBA 08/4582 in its Second Issue seem to me to be highly commendable. Two potential loopholes had been closed, with the result that the product would now have to be used in accordance with the building regulations. One would have expected the BCA, whose remit is to enforce the building regulations as they are, not as they might prefer them to be, to advise that for buildings over 18 m, there were four ways of insulating buildings over 18 m:
- Use mineral (or glass) wool insulation;
- Use combustible insulation in a cavity in accordance with the concession in AD B2 12.7;
- Use combustible insulation in a configuration that had been tested successfully to BS 8414/BR 135;
- Conduct a new BS 8414/BR 135 test to demonstrate that a proposed system would fulfil the requirement for limited fire spread over the external walls.
Instead, as I described in part 2, the building control bodies took the view that:
the routes to compliance described in regulations were insufficient
I find it odd that the building control bodies would take a view of the matter. I can understand why the manufacturers of combustible insulation would be concerned, or purchasers who were trying to meet energy targets. But why should it be of concern to those engaged in building control? It must be part and parcel of their job often to have to frustrate the plans of designers and builders because of their burdensome duty of enforcing compliance with the regulations. Why were they so concerned in this particular case to relax the requirements?
The building control bodies clearly have an interest in the regulations, and I think it is quite legitimate for them to point out possible inadequacies and present proposals for change. But is it not quite unacceptable for them to, as it were, re-write the regulations on their own account?
A partial analogy may be found in those police forces that have expressed the view that possession of cannabis should be decriminalised. Clearly, they have much knowledge and understanding of the subject, and account should be taken of their view. But it is generally considered quite unacceptable for such a force to stop enforcing the law on its own account. The decision is for Parliament alone.
So here. The BCA could quite legitimately have made the case to Government for the addition of a Desktop Study route to compliance for external cladding systems over 18 m. If their view had been accepted, an Amendment could have been made to AD B2. Then everyone would have known what building regulations were in place. Instead we have a situation where AD B2 12.5 says, if interpreted normally, that system approvals require large-scale tests of the proposed system, while BCA TGN 18 says that whole systems can be approved on the basis of Desktop Studies of the probable results of a test of the proposed system, on the basis of data from tests of other more or less similar systems.
two alternative regulatory frameworks
The Approvement Document guidance for Fire Safety of external walls of buildings over 18 metres can be summarised as follows:
a) ‘Linear’ individual components route to compliance:
- Insulation materials and products should be of limited combustibility, as defined in Appendix A;
- External surfaces should be Class 0 or Euro Class B.
b) Alternative whole system route to compliance:
- The whole system must be tested to BS 8414 according to the criteria of BR 135.
The BCA TGN 18 guidance on the use of combustible cladding materials on buildings over 18 metres can be summarised as follows:
a) ‘Linear’ individual components route to compliance:
- All components must be of limited combustibility, as defined in AD B2 Appendix A.
b) Alternative whole system route to compliance:
- The whole system can be tested to BS 8414 according to the criteria of BR 135;
- A Desktop Study can be undertaken to assess whether, in the opinion of a suitably qualified fire specialist, 3 the system would pass a BS 8414/BR 135 test if one were to be carried out.
The potential for confusion is clear. In practice, I think, manufacturers, designers and contractors will tend to adopt whichever set of guidance is more convenient for them. Omnis Exteriors, for example, must be looking to the Approved Document guidance to justify their view that Reynobond PE can be used safely, with the proviso that:
in high rise buildings class O rainscreen panels should only be used in conjunction with a non-combustible insulation material such as mineral fibre.
kingspan’s use of the bca guidance
Kingspan, on the other hand, in their Technical Bulletin on ‘Routes to Compliance’ (June 2016), point explicitly to BCA TGN 18 to justify their use of combustible insulation with combustible FR ACM panels.
In passing, they acknowledge the difference between AD B2 and BCA TGN 18, stating correctly (p. 5) that for the Linear Route, in comparison to AD B2 guidance, BCA guidance:
differs in that it explicitly states that … all major elements … should be of limited combustibility.
They describe the new Desktop Study route to compliance ‘offered’ (p. 5) by the BCA, and say that it has become a:
commonly adopted method of demonstrating compliance
An increasing number, they go on, of:
private and local authority Building Control Bodies (BCB’s), as well as structural warranty and insurance providers
upholding the guidance contained within.
That is to say, these bodies are granting approvals, warranties and insurance based on Desktop Studies. Their number include the LABC, NHBC, LABC Warranty and Premier Guarantee:
What Kingspan does not tell its readers is that these bodies, which are progressively adopting the BCA guidance, include the main constituent members of the BCA, whose core is an alliance between the LABC and the Approved Inspectors. NHBC describes itself as the largest Approved Inspector, and its registered address (Office Locations tab):
appears to be the same as that of the BCA:
Moreover, in 2016 at least, the Chair of the BCA ‘Technical Committee’, which is presumably a misnomer for the BCA’s Technical Group which issues their Technical Guidance Notes, was the employee of NHBC, Steve Evans, whose presentation was referred to in parts 1 and 2.
Kingspan describe the BCA as an ‘industry group’:
but this is misleading, since its members are not involved in industry but in building control.
Diane Marshall, Head of Technical Services at NHBC, in her article of February/March 2017 in Building Control Journal, also referred to the BCA guidance as:
industry best practice guidance
So far as I can see, BCA guidance is not industry guidance but building control guidance. It is adopted and enforced by largely the same bodies that make it. It is rather, it seems to me, as if the police force were making the laws of the land. The BCA, or its leading members, seem to have gained a degree of autonomy in regulating the building industry. They appear to have attained a position where they can issue new guidance different to that of the Approved Documents, and then effectively allow the introduction of build-ups which are in compliance with their guidance but not with that of the Approved Documents, since they are the bodies that grant the approvals.
[continued in part 4]
- See AD B2 Table A6, National Class, b. ↩
- The image is from a Channel 4 report at 1 minute 20 seconds. ↩
- As previously noted, the first edition of BCA TGN 18 required the Desktop Study to be carried out by one of 3 UKAS accredited testing bodies. The second edition of June 2015 relaxed the requirement to allow them to be undertaken by any ‘suitably qualified fire specialist. ↩
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According to Harvard Magazine, final exams are "going the way of the dodo."
Last spring, a mere 23 percent of the school's 1,137 undergraduate courses gave exams, the magazine reports. And a new faculty vote dictates that a professor must actively decide whether or not to give a final within the first week of class -- historically, it had always been a given that a class would have a test at the end of its run.
The impetus behind exam extinction? Among other factors, professors questioned their value as assessment tools and disliked the responsibility of proctoring them.
While this development might come as welcome news for students, the National Review, for one, is not happy, and fears what is to come:
...Given Harvard's reputation as a trendsetter, we should expect better. Just imagine: Students will be delighted to forgo finals, and instructors will be thrilled not to have to create or grade them. Everybody finishes the semester earlier. (The last few weeks of class don't really count when that material won't be tested!)
What do YOU think? Should final exams be done away with? Is Harvard onto something? Weigh in below.
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CANADIAN TV NETWORK INVESTIGATES VANCOUVER UFOS
A new video published on May 21, 2014, offers a preview of a special report from CTV News claiming there are more UFO sightings in Vancouver, British Columbia, than anywhere else around Canada. In what is described as an “out of this world story” the preview highlights on-camera interviews featuring both Canadian science writer Chris Rutkowski and Vancouver astronomer Charles Lamoureux. CTV’s coverage follows this month’s publication of results from a 2013 Canadian UFO Survey which ranked Vancouver the number one city in Canada with 116 UFO reports filed in 2012.
The survey’s overview describes how “Since 1989, Ufology Research has solicited UFO case data from known and active investigators and researchers in Canada.” According to the authors, the goal of the survey has been “to provide data for use by researchers trying to understand this controversial phenomenon.” Case data for the 2013 survey was compiled from nearly two dozen listed sources, including YouTube, UFO*BC, National Defense and the Canadian Forces, Transport Canada and the Houston, British Columbia, Centre for UFO Research.
According to website Skepticfiles.org, UFOlogy Research is “a private, non-profit and volunteer organization involved in rational discourse, investigation and research on UFOs and related phenomena.” The site claims the survey's authors are “devoted to the rational and objective study of UFOs and related phenomena” and are willing to consider all views on these phenomena in the interests of encouraging “constructive discourse.”
UFOlogy Research’s 2013 Canadian UFO Survey summarizes there were 1,180 UFO sightings reported in Canada in 2013 and that the number of cases reported that year was the second-highest for UFO sightings recorded in Canada during the last 25 years (although less than those said to have occurred during the peak year of 2012 when almost 2,000 reports were recorded). The authors further state that last year, Ontario had more than 40 per cent of all Canadian UFO reports, about 14 per cent of all UFO reports were classified as unexplained and that the typical UFO sighting lasted approximately 13 minutes.
Click here to watch a sneak preview of CTV News’ special report, scheduled to air in full at 6 p.m. PST on Thursday, May 22, 2014: “CTV looks at an unusual attraction to Vancouver.” Click here to read "The 2013 CANADIAN UFO SURVEY: an analysis of UFO reports in Canada" published by UFOlogy Research. Click here to watch UFO videos produced by independent Vancouver astronomer Charles Lamoureux on YouTube.
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Pakistani rupee hits all-time low, falls below 46 vs UAE dirham
Dubai - The decline in remittances is also putting pressure on the Asian currency.
The Pakistani rupee sank to an all-time low on Tuesday morning, crossing 46 against the UAE dirham for the first time.
Bloomberg data showed that the rupee hit all-time low of 168.91 against the US dollar (46.02 versus the dirham) in the inter-bank trading despite $3 billion fresh loans received from foreign financial institutions in the past one week. However, the South Asian currency recovered later and closed at 168.05 against the dollar (45.75 versus the dirham).
The rupee fell on Monday after the terrorist attack on Pakistan Stock Exchange. It's previous all-time low of 45.82 against the dirham was recorded on March 29, 2020.
Analysts said low supply of dollars in the local market and high payment of loans by the government is keeping the rupee under pressure against the greenback. Moreover, the dollar demand is also growing as companies are trying to close their books at the closure of financial year. They expect rupee to regain some ground in early July once the fiscal year 2019-20 ended on June 30.
Samiullah Tariq, head of Research and Development at Pakistan Kuwait Investment Company, on Monday said rupee can reach 46.32 against the dirham (170 versus the US dollar) by December 2020. In addition, the foreign remittances flow from overseas Pakistanis is also on the decline, which is putting pressure on the rupee. Thousands of Pakistani workers have been laid off in the UAE and other Gulf countries since the outbreak of coronavirus.
Pakistan gets $1.3 billion China loan
Meanwhile, Pakistan on Tuesday received $1.3 billion loan from China, said State Bank of Pakistan, the country's central bank.
The loan was disbursed by the Chinese banks this week, taking the total amount of official inflows to $3 billion since June 23, the State Bank said.
On June 24, Pakistan received $1 billion loan - $500 million each from World Bank and Asian Development Bank to help the county fight against coronavirus and improve country's foreign exchange reserves.
The apex bank had said that the loan will help expand health sector capabilities, create jobs and stimulate country's economic growth.
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Early in the morning, Mohammad Nadeem, a 25-year-old ‘pakka adati’, big wholesaler, at one of Muzaffarnagar’s fruit and vegetable mandis, briskly sets about selling carrots and oranges. As he expertly sifts through sacks of fresh produce, it’s difficult to picture him hawking peanuts by the roadside. But for five years in this bustling western Uttar Pradesh mandi, Nadeem’s store front was a mere sack-cloth laid on bare earth, where he sold chickpeas and peanuts to passersby. It was only in 2009, when the city auctioned new mandi plots, that Nadeem got his break.
“I tied up with three friends to raise a couple of lakhs and we became traders,” Nadeem says. The career change was unexpected but proved lucrative. “Fruit and vegetable prices fluctuate wildly. Still, it’s going well,” he says. It must be, because the other traders, who watch the rise of ‘newcomers’ like him with envy and surprise, gossip about how those plots are now worth well over Rs 1 crore.
“I tied up with three of my friends to raise a couple of lakhs and we became traders.” Mohd Nadeem, Vegetable seller, Muzaffarnagar.(photograph by Jitender Gupta)
Such freshly-minted entrepreneurs are not the usual fare in poll-bound UP, home to more poor than any other state, lagging on health and education indices and with civic and industrial infrastructure creaking underfoot. Yet, even UP will throw up manifestations of what experts are calling a nationwide change. A series of government surveys and studies show that, over the last decade, the benefits of economic growth have poured into the social sector, nudging the traditionally disadvantaged groups—Muslims and the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in particular—closer to the forefront of economic activity.
Such has been the change, experts believe, that on several critical social and economic indices, these groups, for the first time, showed evidence of a ‘convergence’—a signal that their condition is improving at the same pace as the rest of India, and at times, even faster. “A fresh look shows that for a range of social indicators such as health, education and income, SCs and STs have improved faster than national indicators. Even for Muslims, the indicators are up,” says Dr Santosh Mehrotra, who heads the Institute of Applied Manpower Research, a government body, which recently published the India Human Development Report, 2011, highlighting these changes.
“Literacy has no doubt improved, but the Muslim and upper-caste Hindu gap in higher education is widening.”Abusaleh Shariff, Economist, NCAER
This is a trend captured by data across many (but not all, it must be noted) social indicators—literacy, housing, monthly expenses, child labour rate, electricity, etc. For instance, the share of Muslims living in pucca houses is now the same as that of an ordinary Indian. The poverty rate for Muslims too has fallen from 43 to 32 per cent, a rate of decline similar to the national average.
Chalk it up to people like 50-year-old landless tiller Mohammad Gulshad of Kishanpur, 100 km north of Delhi. Until 2006, Gulshad’s home was a mud fence and two plastic sheets—one for himself, his wife and two children, the other for their buffalo. Every monsoon, this ‘house’ would dissolve, the children would fall sick, miss school, and medical expenses would wipe out savings.
Then Gulshad’s three younger brothers found temporary work on the outskirts of Delhi, and sent money home. Gulshad, too, drives a tractor and manages a landed farmer’s field. It took all their savings, a hospitalisation-free year, and an official grant of Rs 75,000—Rs 15,000 of which greased an official’s palms—for Gulshad’s family to build their first brick-and-mortar residence (worth Rs 3 lakh) three years ago. It may have makeshift toilets but it also has electricity. His children are enrolled in a free Urdu-medium school recognised by the state until Class 8 where, they say, they are taught English, math and science too.
How Dalits and Muslims are catching up with the rest
Some, but not all, recent official data points to increasing social inclusion...
Gulshad’s children are part of a nationwide trend of convergence of literacy rates for Muslims, SCs and STs with the national average, as Mehrotra’s recent analysis reveals. He, however, warns that these numbers only show a quickening in the pace of improvement. “In real terms, employment, ownership of assets, access to health and education leave India’s Muslims, SCs and STs far behind national averages,” he says. The continuing neglect of sanitation is a case in point—only 51 per cent had access to toilets in 2009, and SCs, STs have started falling behind the country on this indicator. Still, the pace of change appears to have accelerated during the latter half of the previous decade, when several poorer states showed the first signs of rapid growth. Beyond 2009, the Economic Advisory Council to the prime minister notes, “there is strong evidence of ‘catching up’ by the lower income states.”
This good news, for Muslims in particular, comes exactly five years after the only other recent comprehensive study of their relative socio-economic status, the Rajinder Sachar Committee report. “Socio-economic miracles can conceal as much as they reveal,” avers Dr Abusaleh Shariff, an economist with NCAER who was member-secretary of the committee which in 2005 highlighted the more favourable sex ratio among Muslims and the steady decline in Muslim fertility rate compared to Hindus. “Similarly, recent improvements in literacy are undeniable, but if you turn the spotlight on higher education, you’ll find that the gap between Muslims and upper-caste Hindus is widening,” he says.
“There has been improvement in social indicators for SC-STs, and it is palpable.” Dr Anil Kumar, Prof, SD College, Muzaffarnagar
India’s communities and religious groups are notoriously difficult to order or rate by relative progress, because of the lack of data; but with Muslims, SCs and STs making up 42 per cent of the population, even relative improvements assume significance. “There has been an improvement in social indicators for SC-STs, and it is palpable,” says Dr Anil Kumar, who teaches political science at one of Muzaffarnagar’s two top colleges, S.D. College. What hasn’t changed, says Kumar, is employment.
In the last decade, nss data shows, the only sector where jobs have been created in large numbers is construction activity. Experts such as N.C. Saxena of the National Advisory Council say the brunt of low employment rates falls on the already disadvantaged. “The total number of jobs in the economy between 2004 and 2009 has gone up by only 1 million as against a target of 50 million, added to which, fewer women are working as per Census 2011. This is bad news,” he says.
Those who got jobs mostly gravitated to the construction sector, he points out. People such as Praveen Kumar, a 33-year-old resident of Rampuri, an urban sprawl on the outskirts of Muzaffarnagar. He failed to find a regular job in the city, and so moved to Delhi as an overseer at a private builder, Mittal Constructions, and now divides his time between Delhi and his family in Rampuri—“That’s the price of having a regular job,” he says. Indeed, his relatively better home—well-painted and outfitted with modern lighting and toilets—strikes a stark contrast with the rest of the neighbourhood: almost everyone else is a daily-wage labourer, and nearly all houses are semi-finished.
Saxena also points out that while it is certainly true that much more is being spent on socio-economic indicators, a wide inter-state disparity persists. Even the growth rates of states can mislead—for instance, Orissa’s shot up by 5 per cent a year, but this was mostly on account of the mining sector, not due to the trickling down of benefits or job creation. Similarly, Gujarat, though a high-growth state, has the worst nutritional and health status among women, children and tribals.
However palpable this change may be then, across-the-board reasons are a delicate matter. For people like Dr Anil Kumar, the professor in Muzaffarnagar, the role of the state is pivotal. “You won’t find the backward groups progressing without the state intervening directly,” he says. Unless, he says, the intervention amounts to a paltry Rs 32 per day per person living in a city.
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Russian President Dmitry Medvedev today vowed that the government would not allow "provocateurs and extremists" to upset stability in the wake of disputed parliamentary elections.
Mr Medvedev said in his state-of-the nation address that Russia "needs democracy, not chaos" and that the government would strongly resist foreign pressure. But he did concede that the political system in Russia needed "comprehensive reform". His statement follows protests against alleged fraud in the recent vote, in which the main Kremlin party, United Russia, lost a quarter of seats and barely retained its majority.
A rally in Moscow drew tens of thousands in the largest show of discontent since the 1991 Soviet collapse. Another demonstration is planned for this weekend.
Mr Medvedev said the Kremlin was ready to listen to constructive criticism, but would not allow anyone to incite tensions. He also proposed a new TV station independent of the state.
- More about:
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DEFINITION of 'Paired Shares'
The stock of two separate companies that are under the management or supervision of a single corporation. Paired shares are traded as if they are one stock and are sold as one unit. The stock of both companies typically appears on one stock certificate, with each stock printed on one side of the stock certificate. In general, one stock yields a higher dividend, while the other has a greater potential for growth. A share of stock is a type of security that signifies ownership in a corporation and represents a claim on part of the corporation's assets and earnings.
Also called "Siamese Shares" and "Stapled Stock."
BREAKING DOWN 'Paired Shares'
For example, Carnival Corporation and plc (known previously as P&O Princess Cruises plc), completed a dual listed company transaction in April 2003. Shares of Carnival Corporation common stock were paired with trust shares of beneficial interest in the P&O Princess Special Voting Trust. These new shares were referred to as the "trust shares" or "paired shares."
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Impure Vision: American Staged Art Photography of the 1970s
By: Moa Goysdotter (author)Hardback
Only 1 in stock
In the seventies, a group of American photographers challenged the established, modernist mode of photographic expression. Instead of viewing the camera as an objective, optical device and photographs as mechanically reproducible artistic products, the proponents of the new staged photography seized the possibilities of conveying holistic life experiences by employing a full range of sensory impressions. In Impure Vision, photography theorist Moa Goysdotter analyses the work of four of the leading names in this new genre -- Les Krims, Duane Michals, Arthur Tress, and Lucas Samaras. Applying new perspectives to Seventies art photography, she sheds fresh light on the four artists critiques of purist ideals, and looks closely at their efforts to transcend the limitations of the purely visual effect of photography. Impure vision not only tells the history of American staged photography in a broad perspective, drawing on theories and methods new to the field, but also puts forward new approaches to photography history and theory in general.
Moa Goysdotter is Researcher and lecturer in photography history and theory at Department of Arts and Cultural Sciences, Division of Art History and Visual Studies, Lund University.
Number Of Pages:
- ID: 9789187351006
- Saver Delivery: Yes
- 1st Class Delivery: Yes
- Courier Delivery: Yes
- Store Delivery: Yes
Prices are for internet purchases only. Prices and availability in WHSmith Stores may vary significantly
© Copyright 2013 - 2016 WHSmith and its suppliers.
WHSmith High Street Limited Greenbridge Road, Swindon, Wiltshire, United Kingdom, SN3 3LD, VAT GB238 5548 36
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Enterprise Dispatch, Jan. 9, 2006
Dassel man is painter, poet, author, and teacher
By Roz Kohls
Dassel has its own Renaissance Man. Daryl Bateman not only paints, but also authored a book, sold men’s wear, writes poetry, built a sailboat, and teaches.
Bateman, originally from Mankato, has lived along Lake Washington since 1987. He’s an avid fisherman and fished along the shore where he lives now, long before he moved into the house there.
Bateman started painting while he was in junior high school, although then he used watercolors, ink and color pencils. He still uses color pencil occasionally, calling them inexpensive and amazing.
However, Bateman’s favorite medium is oil paint.
“I think you get the finest quality from oil. You can’t really beat it,” Bateman said.
Oil paint seems to have more luster, he said.
“It’s a medium that’s a little more challenge to work with,” Bateman said.
Oil also dries slowly so the painter can add layers. “It does not change. It does not fluctuate in color,” Bateman said.
Bateman had two years in formal art instruction in 1964-65. He also leads 18 students in an oil painting class in Crystal River, Florida, during the winter.
Bateman’s favorite painting is “Pin Tails at Dawn,” he said. He gave the original away, but had 100 prints made of it first.
“It’s one of the best works I’ve done,” Bateman added.
The most challenging painting Bateman ever did is “One More Season.” It is a four-foot by eight-foot mural of pheasants scurrying across a snowy field. The original mural will be displayed in the Robert Wilde Studio in Dassel within the next few months, Bateman said.
The mural was difficult to paint because it was painted on Masonite board that had to be hung on the rafters in his basement. To get the depth perception accurately in such a confined space, he had to stand with his back up against the basement wall.
“It was by far the most challenging,” Bateman said.
The mural also contains an inside joke. A Federal shell box from 1945, that originally featured a duck on the front, was painted on the right side of the mural. Bateman was asked by the man who commissioned the painting to change the duck on the box into the pheasant shown in the center of the mural, Bateman said.
Later, Bateman had 100 prints made of the mural. On the prints, the shell box is too small to see the pheasants. On the mural, though, the pheasant on the box is obviously identical to the pheasant in the center of the painting, he said.
Bateman currently is working on an oil painting of deer being hunted by a grizzly, old hunter with a flintlock rifle. The painting is barely half done. One of the deer in the foreground is still only sketched in, Bateman pointed out.
Bateman said lay out and depth perception are the two factors he stresses with his oil painting class in Florida. Many of his students assume in the beginning they can’t paint because they don’t know how to start, he said.
Bateman urges his students to bring a photograph or picture from a calendar to the first session so they have a plan. He has the students draw a grid over the top of their plan, so they can see how the parts of the layout relate to the grid and create depth, Bateman said.
By the end of the first class, the students already are painting the sky down to the horizon. “It’s a fun thing,” he said.
Bateman then has the students put away their painting for a week and not look at them until the next class. By not looking at it for a while, they see the painting with fresh eyes for the next class. Bateman also tells them to hold their paintings in front of a mirror. The reverse image in the mirror also helps them to spot mistakes, he said.
“I know what it takes to learn,” said Bateman, who taught school for 26 years.
By the end of the six-week class, students have a painting good enough to frame. He recalled how one of his students had created a painting of an old car in the desert for her husband, and how well it turned out.
“The rewards are tremendous,” Bateman said.
Not only did he teach classes in men’s wear merchandising, and sales, marketing and management in a vocational school in Pipestone, and Hutch Tech, but also to adults at 3M. Bateman retired from teaching in 1995.
Bateman also sold men’s clothing for 10 years in Mankato and six years in Glencoe. In addition, he served in the Navy and traveled around the world in 1958, and worked for the US Forestry in Montana while he was in high school.
Bateman wrote a book about his numerous experiences called “Memories are Forever.” It includes stories of his life and his family, as well as photographs and poetry he has written as well.
He and his wife, Sharon, have three children, Mark Bateman of Brainerd, Eric Bateman and Marsha Schmidt, both of Hutchinson. What happened to his daughter was another reason he authored a book, he said.
Her heart had stopped during a canoe ride at a lake in northern Minnesota. She fell out of the canoe and was underwater for 20 minutes, Bateman said.
After a series of miracles that led to her rescue and a four-day coma, she survived and now is thriving, he said.
Life is Like a Snowball
By Daryl D. Bateman
Life is like a snowball, when you roll it down a hill,
It grows and grows more beautiful, until at last it’s still.
And as it grows and grows, roadblocks do appear,
Like the rock which stops the snowball, obstacles cause our fears.
But isn’t it just wonderful, as we face our challenges each day,
That our abilities, our knowledge, and confidence lead us along the way?
Human intuition is really a tremendous thing,
It helps us to overcome frustration, encourages us to laugh and even sing.
For life is like a snowball, as it rolls on and on and on,
Our obstacles become the past, our fears the magic wand.
Build your life upon the dreams, that the snowball can provide,
The lesson is quite simple, don’t let your snowball slide.
Face your problems with inspiration, your obstacles with inner strength,
Let your life grow and grow more meaningful each day it grows in length.
This poem, “A second Chance at Life,” was written by Daryl Bateman after his daughter nearly drowned in a canoe accident.
Too often we forget the little things and the value of each and every day; The beauty of a sunset or the sparkling waves in a small bay.
The birds that sing or the sound of a loon on a still night; The smell of new cut hay, meadow flowers, or a beautiful mountain sight;
The freshness of October air and frost upon the land; The aroma of fresh coffee and hickory-smoked ham.
The laughter of our children as they frolic and play: The warm satisfaction we feel as we watch them grow each day.
Life is full of difficulties, challenges, and obstacles it seems; However, it is also filled with joy, love, miracles, and dreams.
Marsha, as your mom and I have watched you grow throughout the years; We have had many rewards, blessings and a few tears.
But none can equal what we receive from your smile, kindness, and love; The near tragic experience you had, became a blessing from above.
The outcome was a miracle and a lesson for each of us to see: God has a plan for you...a path to follow where you’re supposed to be.
As I looked at you on the day we pulled your lifeless body from the lake; I was shocked...but reminded of you sleeping, and prayed you would soon awake.
The Lord provided answers to our many prayerful concerns; Every step of your progress was filled with positive returns.
You still face many challenges as you slowly heal to full health; But remember that the talents and dreams you possess are far richer than monetary wealth.
Marsha, you are important to all of us, and especially to the Lord; Look at your life as an opportunity to give and receive rewards.
Thanks be to God for your second chance at life; For you are our special daughter, a loving mother and wife.
Love, Dad and Mom
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Foie Gras: A PassionAuthor: Michael A. Ginor , Mitchell Davis , Andrew Coe , Jane Ziegelman
Publisher: Wiley Publishing, Inc.
Publish date: november 1999
”When I read Foie Gras ... A Passion, I was touched by Michael Ginor's respect for and fascination with foie gras. It is at the same time a dignified study of foie gras and a beautifully illustrated work, rich in its international selection of recipes. Bravo, Monsieur!” --Alain Ducasse, Chef-Restaurateur ”At last, the perfect gift for the voluptuary.” --Gael Greene, New York magazine ”An incredible odyssey! Foie Grass ... A Passion is a thoroughly exquisite overview of my favorite subject. This book is a magnificent culinary tribute-a feast for all the senses! Simply, a must-have selection for everyone's culinary library.” --Jean-Louis Palladin, Chef-Restaurateur ”Foie Gras ... A Passion is an exercise in monomania of the most appealing sort.” --Russ Parsons, Los Angeles Times ”This book, reflecting elegance and intellect, tells a story of immense passion. In tracing the history of foie gras, the authors carry us along through culinary traditions, ethnic cultures, and across continents. The recipes challenge the imagination and the palate.” --Ferdinand Metz, President, The Culinary Institute of America ”As much a coffee table book as a cookbook, this beautiful celebration of foie gras includes a thorough history of the delicacy and mouthwatering full-page photographs of each of the dishes. Those who get past turning the pretty pages can sample the foie gras inspired recipes ... a veritable who's who of contemporary chefs.” --Food & Wine's Best of the Best
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Varnish is a popular finish for raw and unfinished wooden furniture. The varnish will protect the wood from water, grease and dirt. Properly applied varnish will also give your bare wood furniture pieces a shiny, lustrous finish.
Is sealing wood necessary?
Applying a topcoat sealer is not required, but a finish protects the stained wood from scratches and keeps it from fading over time. If applying a polyurethane finish with a brush, apply one to two coats. If using a spray can, hold 8 to 12 inches from the surface and apply two or three light coats.
What happens if you don’t seal wood?
A: If you don’t apply some kind of sealer the wood will be dried-out and lifeless. … A stain is intended to darken or color wood by adding pigments, but stain does not protect the wood. When you rub stain into wood, it brings out the grain pattern and gives the wood a more dramatic look.
How do you clean wood before sealing?
- Fill a spray bottle with 2 cups water. Add 2 tbsp. …
- Mist a lint-free cleaning rag with the spray. …
- Rub the damp cloth over the unfinished wood, rubbing with the direction of the wood grain to prevent splintering.
- Let the wood air dry fully before staining.
Can I use varnish as a sealer?
To make a natural varnish sealer, thin the varnish with turpentine or mineral spirits to make a 50-50 mixture. To make lacquer sealer, mix lacquer and lacquer thinner in equal parts. These sealers cannot be used with shellac or with polyurethane varnish. Polyurethane varnish demands special treatment.
What is the best wood sealer?
According to them, these are the nine most effective wood sealers:
- Thompson’s Water Seal. …
- Rainguard Premium Wood Sealer. …
- DEFY Crystal Clear Sealer. …
- Anchorseal 2. …
- Roxil Wood Protection Cream. …
- Eco-Advance Exterior Wood Waterproofer. …
- Ready Seal Stain and Sealer for Wood. …
- Pure Tung Oil Natural Wood Sealer.
What is the best varnish for wood?
Polyurethane. Polyurethane varnishes are the preferred option for wood floors. The harder surface they create tends to provide great overall protection from the effects of heavy use. On the downside, they are not UV-resistant—for this reason, polyurethane is better for indoor use.
Does varnish protect wood from termites?
Out of three treatment methods, pressure impregnation was found to be most effective. Out of the four varnishes, stakes treated with V4 was 100 % termite-resistant up to 6 months. With respect to the effectiveness in protection against insect borers, all the four shellac based varnishes were better than control.
How many coats of varnish do you need for bare wood?
For a very durable finish and one that needs to be very tough, say on a kitchen table, coffee table or end table etc, 2 to 3 coats of varnish should be enough on the top, with 1 to 2 coats on the legs/base. For chairs, benches, chests and other such pieces, 1 to 2 coats should do the trick.
Can you varnish over varnish without sanding?
Can you paint over varnished wood without sanding? Yes. You certainly can. But you do need to prep it properly first.
What does mineral spirits do to wood?
Mineral spirits can also be used for cleaning wood projects, before applying any finish. This provides an excellent way of cleaning the wood’s surface. It also promotes the absorption of stain into the wood, giving you a richer finish.
Does varnish protect wood from water?
METHOD 2: Use sealants for best protection
Polyurethane, varnish, and lacquer are tried-and-true sealants with excellent waterproofing properties. They’re either brushed or sprayed onto clean, sanded wood and then allowed to dry completely, prior to the piece being lightly re-sanded and recoated.
How does vinegar remove varnish from wood?
In a small bowl, mix equal parts vinegar and olive oil. Apply the mixture to the water stain using a cloth. Wipe in the direction of the wood grain until the stain is gone. The vinegar will help remove the stain while the olive oil acts as a furniture polish.
What is the longest lasting wood sealer?
Q. What is the longest-lasting deck sealer? An oil-based deck sealer, such as Rust-Oleum Ultimate Spar Urethane, will protect a deck for up to 5 years.
What is the clearest wood sealer?
Spar varnish produces a hard, clear finish that protects wood from water damage and has been used for decades on marine-grade projects.
Does linseed oil make wood waterproof?
Linseed oil is inherently water repellant (hydrophobic). However, when used as a wood finish, linseed oil can be susceptible to water damage. Try to avoid putting cold glasses on oiled furniture without coasters, and if the oiled surface does get wet, wipe it dry as soon as possible.
Is varnish a good wood sealer?
Varnishes are usually clear, highly durable and offer UV protection, making them suitable for doors and marine finishes, whether on bare or stained wood. They are less expensive than polyurethane and are slow to dry, making them susceptible to dust and dirt. They are also considered among the best wood sealants.
Is wood sealer better than varnish?
In days gone by, varnish was the go-to product for enhancing all your timber and wood, but sealer is now the best way to protect your outdoor timber and wood fittings.
Is varnish the same as sealer?
Sealer and varnish are both pretty generic terms that cover a lot of things; as Major_gilbear says, varnish is a subset of sealers. Assuming you mean armory clear matte sealer, that looks to be an acrylic semi-matte spray varnish, though not a particularly great one if online reviews are anything to go by.
Should you seal wood before staining?
The key is to apply a thin base coat to partially seal the wood before wood staining. Sanding sealers, dewaxed shellac and wipe-on finishes will all do the trick.
Should you clean wood before sanding?
All surfaces should be clean and free from all dirt and oils. Prep sanding is done with progressively finer grits. Do NOT start sanding with very fine sandpaper on unfinished wood. … On most raw woods, start sanding in the direction of the grain using a #120-150 grit paper before staining and work up to #220 grit paper.
How do you clean wood before polyurethane?
Clean the wood very thoroughly to remove sanding dust before each new coat of polyurethane, using a vacuum (if available) and a tack cloth. You can also use a rag moistened with mineral spirits (for an oil-based poly) or cheesecloth moistened with denatured alcohol (for a water-based poly).
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Using a new algorithm, Stanford researchers have reconstructed the movements of individual particles of light to see through clouds, fog and other obstructions.
Like a comic book come to life, researchers at Stanford University have developed a kind of X-ray vision – only without the X-rays. Working with hardware similar to what enables autonomous cars to “see” the world around them, the researchers enhanced their system with a highly efficient algorithm that can reconstruct three-dimensional hidden scenes based on the movement of individual particles of light, or photons. In tests, detailed in a paper published Sept. 9 in Nature Communications, their system successfully reconstructed shapes obscured by 1-inch-thick foam. To the human eye, it’s like seeing through walls.
“A lot of imaging techniques make images look a little bit better, a little bit less noisy, but this is really something where we make the invisible visible,” said Gordon Wetzstein, assistant professor of electrical engineering at Stanford and senior author of the paper. “This is really pushing the frontier of what may be possible with any kind of sensing system. It’s like superhuman vision.”
This technique complements other vision systems that can see through barriers on the microscopic scale – for applications in medicine – because it’s more focused on large-scale situations, such as navigating self-driving cars in fog or heavy rain and satellite imaging of the surface of Earth and other planets through hazy atmosphere.
Supersight from scattered light
In order to see through environments that scatter light every-which-way, the system pairs a laser with a super-sensitive photon detector that records every bit of laser light that hits it. As the laser scans an obstruction like a wall of foam, an occasional photon will manage to pass through the foam, hit the objects hidden behind it and pass back through the foam to reach the detector. The algorithm-supported software then uses those few photons – and information about where and when they hit the detector – to reconstruct the hidden objects in 3D.
This is not the first system with the ability to reveal hidden objects through scattering environments, but it circumvents limitations associated with other techniques. For example, some require knowledge about how far away the object of interest is. It is also common that these systems only use information from ballistic photons, which are photons that travel to and from the hidden object through the scattering field but without actually scattering along the way.
“We were interested in being able to image through scattering media without these assumptions and to collect all the photons that have been scattered to reconstruct the image,” said David Lindell, a graduate student in electrical engineering and lead author of the paper. “This makes our system especially useful for large-scale applications, where there would be very few ballistic photons.”
In order to make their algorithm amenable to the complexities of scattering, the researchers had to closely co-design their hardware and software, although the hardware components they used are only slightly more advanced than what is currently found in autonomous cars. Depending on the brightness of the hidden objects, scanning in their tests took anywhere from one minute to one hour, but the algorithm reconstructed the obscured scene in real-time and could be run on a laptop.
“You couldn’t see through the foam with your own eyes, and even just looking at the photon measurements from the detector, you really don’t see anything,” said Lindell. “But, with just a handful of photons, the reconstruction algorithm can expose these objects – and you can see not only what they look like, but where they are in 3D space.”
Space and fog
Someday, a descendant of this system could be sent through space to other planets and moons to help see through icy clouds to deeper layers and surfaces. In the nearer term, the researchers would like to experiment with different scattering environments to simulate other circumstances where this technology could be useful.
“We’re excited to push this further with other types of scattering geometries,” said Lindell. “So, not just objects hidden behind a thick slab of material but objects that are embedded in densely scattering material, which would be like seeing an object that’s surrounded by fog.”
Lindell and Wetzstein are also enthusiastic about how this work represents a deeply interdisciplinary intersection of science and engineering.
“These sensing systems are devices with lasers, detectors and advanced algorithms, which puts them in an interdisciplinary research area between hardware and physics and applied math,” said Wetzstein. “All of those are critical, core fields in this work and that’s what’s the most exciting for me.”
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In 2009, Margaret Atwood wrote a piece titled ‘The Future without Oil’ for a German Newspaper, Die Zeit. In that famous article, she said “it’s not climate change, it’s everything change”. That piece which is as relevant today as ever, presents us a picture of a possible future of an earth in which fossil fuel is no more; and thus prompts us to ask ourselves this pertinent question – what do we wish to create for ourselves today and for our future generations?
For years, Nigeria and some other African countries have depended on crude oil revenue for running their economies. While it is not a crime to benefit from natural resources such as oil, over-dependence on a mono-product for satisfying immediate needs without thinking of the future presents potentials of catastrophic consequences – as is evident today.
African countries, like other resource-rich jurisdictions have had a series of windfalls in oil revenue, yet with minimal impact on ordinary citizens, owing to the fiscal recklessness exhibited by governments during periods of oil boom.
In Nigeria, for instance, petroleum accounted for about 90 percent of foreign revenue over a long period, yet only contributed about 14 percent to national Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Over-reliance on crude oil as a major export revenue earner beclouded the development of some other productive sectors, which even contribute more to the GDP as shown in figure 1.
Figure 1: Sectoral Contribution to Nigerian GDP (2015)
Furthermore, the over-reliance on crude oil, whose price is prone to the vagaries of and volatility in the international oil market, exposes African nations to uncertainties in revenues, especially in periods of burst – as is the case today, leaving most of the economies with minimal revenues to fall back on.
While the current oil glut is biting export-dependent African nations hard, other crude oil rich countries who had strategic plans for the future – like Norway, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, etc., have less to worry about, because they all made provisions for the uncertain future. Such futuristic strategy is what differentiates them from their African counterparts, only some of which engaged in saving part of their resource revenues for the future generation, in what is called Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWF).
Today, as shown in figure 2, some of these stabilisation funds from oil revenues are running into billions of dollars, which would provide economic stability for those economies in the future, should oil run out or is replaced by another resource.
Figure 2: Sovereign Wealth Fund from Crude Oil.
Even though some African nations have made efforts at averting the potential uncertainties inherent in the commodities market (as a result of the boom-bust cycle) by establishing the Excess Crude Account (as is the case with Nigeria) or Sovereign Wealth Funds, it has only achieved mixed success in creating the framework for savings during high oil price regimes.
Where successes were recorded in savings, it helped to smoothen government finances and budgets, and attracted international agencies, such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to back fiscal reforms (as in Nigeria), yet it did not prove a good mechanism for ring-fencing savings, as it did not have a legal provision for the sharing of revenue amongst government tiers. This, in itself, was a major flaw in the savings programmes, as they were not directed toward the future, but for immediate sharing among the levels of government. As a consequence, there were large-scale thefts, funds misapplication, and mismanagement, as is the case of Nigeria.
The aftermath of the above failure in Nigeria was the initiation of the Sovereign Wealth Act in 2011, intended to invest oil earnings during windfall periods into infrastructure development, as well as providing funds (stabilisation funds) for the future generation. Figure 2 above shows Nigeria’s performance in the SWF as at 2015. Even with this, the fund has been beleaguered by issues of the lack of transparency and unaccountability in its management. This is not peculiar to Nigeria, as some other African countries (like Libya) have had their share of funds mismanagement. In spite of this absurdity, there should be a renewed effort on the part of the government at providing for a future without oil.
Strategies for Mobilising for the Future
• Economic Diversification
The oil sector creates only a handful of job (about 1 percent) in Nigeria, and the instability of revenue from oil could impact the overall growth of the economy (through changes in government spending), the position of fiscal and external reserves, and employment. Diversification here implies the development of the non-oil sectors (e.g. agriculture, manufacturing, services, etc.) and the reduction of oil dependency, as well as the creation of a non-oil economy that has the potential to sustain a high level of government revenue and the establishment of more jobs.
It is imperative for the governments of oil dependent economies to begin to diversify their economic base in order to reduce exposure to the inherent volatility and uncertainties that characterise the international crude oil market; improve private sector employment opportunities; drive up productivity; and strategically establish the non-oil sector of the economy, which in the future would act as a ‘safety net’ when revenue from oil may become insignificant.
To diversify the economy and thus reduce over-reliance on oil revenues, there is urgent need for national development plans geared towards boosting human capital development, rapid and consistent industrial expansion with the capacity to employ skilled labour, as well as mobilising the services sectors, which has the capacity to boost revenue for the countries.
To realise these goals would require a stable economic environment devoid of high inflationary trends, a business environment that is strengthened and liberalised such as would encourage trade and foreign direct investment, a deepened financial sector, as well as an expanded and fortified educational system. These will impact and support private sector-driven economic activities, especially in the non-oil sectors, thereby providing job today and for the future.
There is no doubt that complete diversification of the economy from the oil to non-oil sectors is a difficult task, however timely implementation of adequate policies will help in its achievement. Lessons of such policies and diversification efforts could be learnt from countries like Indonesia, Malaysia and Mexico, which have been able to implement diversification of their economies from oil, with huge successes recorded. These countries did not only create favourable business and economic environments, but also focused on quality upgrading, as well as encouraging their firms to develop export markets.
• Fiscal Responsibility
In the case of Nigeria, over the years government revenues or finances have been handled with a high level of fiscal irresponsibility by government officials, characterised by the misuse and mismanagement of revenues from crude oil exports, thereby jeopardising the infrastructural development goals of the nation. Today, the era of fiscal irresponsibility has to be jettisoned, and addressed as a misnomer of the past, in order to garner ample revenue for driving sustainable development initiatives for the future.
Furthermore, the government should, as a matter of importance, strengthen the agencies responsible for the management of the Sovereign Wealth Fund, to insulate it from political pressures and interests.
• Improvement in the Taxation System
The objective of a good tax system is to guarantee long-term fiscal stability of government programmes and policies. Thus, an appropriate tax administration is necessary to ensure that tax payers comply with the provisions of tax laws and that the funds derived therefrom are paid into the government coffers. Over the years, however, tax systems in developing countries have had mixed results.
It has been estimated by the Global Financial Integrity that outflows from developing countries due to tax avoidance/evasion and illicit financial flows amounts to about $1 trillion each year. This is especially rife in countries with weak tax collection institutions/systems. Therefore, countries should develop strategies for tightening every loophole to ensure appropriate tax collection, since such revenue could boost government finances needed for funding developmental projects.
• Boost Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs)
New firms and innovative SMEs play an increasing role as drivers of growth and job creation in most economies. A number of countries have witnessed, and are still witnessing successful SME-led economic growth and development. For instance, over 95 percent of industrial units are within the small-scale sector, with a 40 percent value addition in the manufacturing sector in India.
Enterprises of this type provide the second highest employment levels behind agriculture and account for 40 percent of industrial production. Thus, developing countries can learn a lesson from the foregoing example, and thus create and stimulate an environment which incentivises the growth of SMEs. This is a sure way of increasing GDP increase, while mobilising technical skills that will drive the future towards an environment devoid of oil revenues.
• Sustainable Development Policies
Sustainable development has the capacity to fundamentally strengthen adaptive capacities and safeguard national economies’ long-term prospects in the face of dwindling revenues from natural resources. Thus, going forward, national policies should be geared towards increasing the socio-economic wellbeing of its citizens (in both the short-term and long-term) through maximisation of the present inflows of income without diminishing the total stock of national assets.
To achieve the goals of sustainable development – which means meeting the needs of today without compromising the potential for meeting those of the future – we must, as a matter of urgency, consolidate our fiscal system and stabilise the macroeconomic environment through rapid and sustained efforts at diversifying our economy. We need, also, to broaden the our export market potentials through a diversified export mix, and above all develop strategies for resource mobilisation that will entrench capital formation requisite for meeting the needs of the future.
To guarantee a sustainable future without oil, therefore, countries should begin to adopt a Savings Policy in the interest of the present and future. Such savings would act as real stabilisation funds or buffers at such times when oil revenue may become insignificant. Such savings should be set aside for investment in low-risk bonds so as to earn greater returns for the government, and thus provide for the future.
It’s also imperative to save today, so as to protect the economy from volatility in the international oil market, thereby providing sustainable capital growth that will serve as the ‘safety net’ for the present and the future.
Some other important safeguards against crude oil price volatility are as follows: utilising crude oil and natural gas as feedstock, i.e. expanding the scope of the downstream petroleum sector; forging a strong linkage of the upstream and downstream sectors of the oil industry; linking the petroleum sector with other productive sectors, e.g. agriculture, mining, manufacturing, etc; engaging in prudence in the management of costs of oil and gas operations; finding a balance between the removal of fuel subsidies and providing ‘safety nets’ for the citizens; curtailing government revenue mismanagement, misappropriation and misapplication; and investing massively in infrastructural development to create government expenditure multiplier effects in the economy.
Conscious effort needs to be made today to liberate countries from the shackles of the ‘Dutch Disease’ tendencies which have bedeviled most oil-producing nations for decades. The key to this is mobilising today for a future without oil. It was not raining when Noah built his famous Ark!
Chijioke Nwaozuzu, a downstream petroleum economics and policy expert, and Deputy Director at the Emerald Energy Institute can be reached on email@example.com.
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NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms
The NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms features 7,990 terms related to cancer and medicine.
- angelica root
- listen (an-JEH-lih-kuh root)
- The root of any of a group of herbs called Angelica. It has been used in some cultures to treat certain medical problems, including gastrointestinal problems such as loss of appetite, feelings of fullness, and gas.
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Brenton Septuagint Translation
David's Address about the Temple
1And David assembled all the chief men of Israel, the chief of the judges, and all the chief men of the courses of attendance on the person of the king, and the captains of thousands and hundreds, and the treasurers, and the lords of his substance, and of all the king's property, and of his sons, together with the eunuchs, and the mighty men, and the warriors of the army, at Jerusalem. 2And David stood in the midst of the assembly, and said, Hear me, my brethren, and my people: it was in my heart to build a house of rest for the ark of the covenant of the Lord, and a place for the feet of our Lord, and I prepared materials suitable for the building: 3but God said, Thou shalt not build me a house to call my name upon it, for thou art a man of war, and hast shed blood. 4Yet the Lord God of Israel chose me out of the whole house of my father to be king over Israel for ever; and he chose Juda as the kingly house, and out of the house of Juda he chose the house of my father; and among the sons of my father he preferred me, that I should be king over all Israel. 5And of all my sons, (for the Lord has given me many sons,)he has chosen Solomon my son, to set him on the throne of the kingdom of the Lord over Israel. 6And God said to me, Solomon thy son shall build my house and my court: for I have chosen him to be my son, and I will be to him a father. 7And I will establish his kingdom for ever, if he continue to keep my commandments, and my judgments, as at this day. 8And now I charge you before the whole assembly of the Lord, and in the audience of our God, keep and seek all the commandments of the Lord our God, that ye may inherit the good land, and leave it for your sons to inherit after you for ever.
David's Charge to Solomon
9And now, my son Solomon, know the God of thy fathers, and serve him with a perfect heart and willing soul: for the Lord searches all hearts, and knows every thought: if thou seek him, he will be found of thee; but if thou shouldest forsake him, he will forsake thee for ever. 10See now, for the Lord has chosen thee to build him a house for a sanctuary, be strong and do it.
11And David gave Solomon his son the plan of the temple, and its buildings, and its treasuries, and its upper chambers, and the inner store-rooms, and the place of the atonement, 12and the plan which he had in his mind of the courts of the house of the Lord, and of all the chambers round about, designed for the treasuries of the house of God, and of the treasuries of the holy things, and of the chambers for resting: 13and the plan of the courses of the priests and Levites, for all the work of the service of the house of the Lord, and of the stores of vessels for ministration of the service of the house of the Lord. 14And he gave him the account of their weight, both of gold and silver vessels. 15He gave him the weight of the candlesticks, and of the lamps. 16He gave him likewise the weight of the tables of shewbread, of each table of gold, and likewise of the tables of silver: 17also of the flesh-hooks, and vessels for drink-offering, and golden bowls: and the weight of the gold and silver articles, and censers, and bowls, according to the weight of each. 18And he shewed him the weight of the utensils of the altar of incense, which was of pure gold, and the plan of the chariot of the cherubs that spread out their wings, and overshadowed the ark of the covenant of the Lord.
19David gave all to Solomon in the Lord's handwriting, according to the knowledge given him of the work of the pattern.
20And David said to Solomon his son, Be strong, and play the man, and do: fear not, neither be terrified; for the Lord my God is with thee; he will not forsake thee, and will not fail thee, until thou hast finished all the work of the service of the house of the Lord. And behold the pattern of the temple, even his house, and its treasury, and the upper chambers, and the inner store-rooms, and the place of propitiation, and the plan of the house of the Lord. 21And see, here are the courses of the priests and Levites for all the service of the house of the Lord, and there shall be with thee men for every workmanship, and every one of ready skill in every art: also the chief men and all the people, ready for all thy commands.
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Blackout as National Grid collapse the for the 6th Time
After the Nigerian energy grid collapsed, the entire nation was plunged into darkness.
The grid experienced a breakdown on Wednesday and lost all of its megawatts.
This comes just 20 days after the Nigerian Energy Regulatory Commission (NERC) activated a partial contract order requiring the Nigerian electricity market to guarantee 5,000MW and at least 4,000MW, following a similar collapse on June 12.
Around midday on Wednesday, the grid went blank for the seventh time in 2022.
This was announced by the Eko Electricity Distribution Company in a text message that was distributed to its clients.
Dear customers, we regret to inform you of a system failure on the national grid that occurred at precisely 11:27 am on this Wednesday, July 20.
To find out what caused the collapse and to discuss a potential restoration schedule, “We are in talks with the Transmission Company of Nigeria.”
Nigerian Job [Apply Now]
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- FBN General Insurance Graduate Trainee Massive Recruitment
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Apples, apple juice may help keep colon cancer at bayMarch 27th, 2008 - 11:16 am ICT by admin
Washington, Mar 27 (ANI): Listening to your mother and eating an apple a day to keep the doctor away seems to be a really good idea, for a new study has found that apple pectin and apple juice extracts have anticarcinogenic effects on the colon.
German researchers led by Dr. Dieter Schrenk found that apples and apple juice enhance biological mechanisms that produce anticarcinogenic compounds during the fermentation process.
The researchers believe that the presence of apple pectin and apple juice extracts increase the presence of the compound butyrate which is believed to be a chemopreventative metabolite that might prevent the occurrence of colorectal cancer.
Butyrate is a short chain fatty acid that, the research states, not only serves as a major nutrient for the colon epithelia but is also thought to play an important role in the protective effect of natural fiber against colorectal cancer.
Dr Schrenk and his colleagues conducted laboratory tests in which they found that by the increased production of butyrate via the addition of apple components, histone deacetlyases (HDAC) were inhibited.
With slowed production of HDAC, there would be significantly less growth of precancerous and tumour cells.
The researchers therefore noted: Apples are a major source of natural fiber and of low molecular weight plan polyphenols in the Western diet. Pectin-rich apple products can thus be expected to exert anticarginogenic effects in the colon.
The research is published in the April 2008 issue of Nutrition. (ANI)
Tags: apple a day, apple juice, apple pectin, apple products, biological mechanisms, butyrate, colon cancer, colorectal cancer, epithelia, fermentation process, german researchers, hdac, metabolite, natural fiber, polyphenols, precancerous, research states, rich apple, tumour cells, western diet
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A coastal village of 700 residents in the UK has been declared the first place on earth that may produce climate refugees, as the community has been identified for a high risk of permanent flooding.
The British town of Fairborne, Wales, maybe the first but not the last, to be threatened by rising sea levels, with its inhabitants becoming climate refugees.
If all the glaciers and ice caps on the planet melted, the global sea level would rise by about 230 feet. That amount of water would flood nearly every coastal city around the world.
Greece Could also Produce Climate Refugees
Climate change models created by Climate Central, an independent organization of top scientists and journalists, show the devastation that rising sea levels could cause on coastal cities, including those in Greece, such as Piraeus and Thessaloniki.
The models were created based on the findings of a peer-reviewed research paper written by scientists from Climate Central in collaboration with researchers from Princeton University and the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research in Germany.
Rising temperatures, melting Arctic ice, drought, desertification and other catastrophic effects of climate change are the reality today. Where would you go if, say, a flood devastated the city you live in?
In 2017, 68.5 million people across the world were displaced — more than at any point in human history, according to the Brookings Institute. Almost 25 million were uprooted by sudden weather events, including floods, forest fires and intense storms.
Officials from Fairborne headed to the COP 26 summit in Glasgow this past week to seek solutions for the future of their community.
Catrin Wager, a cabinet member of Gwynedd Council, the local authority overseeing Fairbourne, stressed that while the village might be the first Welsh coastal village to be designated as unviable due to climate change, it certainly won’t be the only one. There’s no precedent for how to develop policies for helping the villagers adapt, Wager stated.
“We need more answers from the Welsh and UK governments, that’s my message” going into the Cop 26 summit, Wager said. “We really need to get some guidance on not only mitigating the effects of climate change, but about how we adapt for things that are already happening.”
More than one billion people will live in countries with insufficient infrastructure to withstand climate change by 2050. The Pacific Islands are expected to be affected especially hard. Sea levels there are already rising at almost 0.5 inches per year. Eight uninhabited islands in Micronesia have already been submerged and two more are close to vanishing.
By the year 2100, experts fear 48 islands in the Pacific will be completely underwater.
Britain’s government, which is hosting the U.N. climate summit, needs to be much more upfront about such risks, said Richard Dawson, a member of the committee and a professor of engineering at Newcastle University.
According to Dawson, decisions need to be made about many coastal settlements with disproportionately high numbers of older and poorer residents. Officials need to prepare people for moving inland.
COP Needs to Take Action
“Whatever happens at COP26, the sea level will continue to rise around the UK, that’s something we absolutely need to prepare for,” Dawson stated. “We have to be realistic. We can’t afford to protect everywhere. The challenge for government is that the problem is not being confronted with the urgency or openness that we need.”
In 2014 authorities identified Fairbourne as the first coastal community in the UK to be at high risk of flooding due to climate change. Predicting faster sea level rises and more frequent and extreme storms due to global warming, the government said it could only afford to keep defending the village for another 40 years. Officials said that by 2054, it would no longer by safe or sustainable to live in Fairbourne.
Natural Resources Wales, the government-sponsored organization responsible for the sea defenses in the Welsh village, said the community is particularly vulnerable because it faces multiple flooding risks. Built in the 1850s on a low-lying salt marsh, Fairbourne already lies beneath sea level at high spring tide. During storms, the tidal level is already more than five feet above the level of the village.
Scientists say UK sea levels have risen about four inches in the past century. Depending on greenhouse gas emissions and actions that governments take, the predicted rise is 27 to 40 inches by 2100.
At the eastern end of Europe, Greece’s extensive coastline makes the nation extremely vulnerable to the rising sea levels, while the amount of rainfall in the country could be up to nine percent less, according to Professor Athanasios Argyriou of the University of Patras physics department. Greece could also generate climate refugees.
Argyriou stated that with sea levels predicted to rise from eight to eighty inches, many areas on Greece’s coast will be directly affected, while temperatures will increase by six to nine degrees Fahrenheit, rainfall will be five to nine percent less and the intensity of both the sun and the winds will be stronger.
According to the physics professor, the last two factors could help the country increase its production of solar and wind energy. This will be offset by indirect deleterious effects on agriculture, tourism, transport and health, with the climate becoming more favorable for disease vectors, such as mosquitoes and parasites.
Regarding climate refugees, Argyriou discussed what must occur when entire communities become displaced because their residences have been destroyed due to flood or fire.
Efforts to protect human lives and property should primarily concentrate on policies to reduce the causes of climate change, Argyriou noted. “On the one hand, there must be an immediate implementation of these policies on a national level while, on the other hand, Greece must exert political pressure through international organizations for the strict implementation of environmental protection policies.”
According to Argyriou, smart climate management “can be done by developing services and increasing the number of scientists involved in meteorology, since climate is the first step for creating smart-climate societies.” He added that the quality of the weather data in many countries did not permit the advanced climate services needed to take political decisions and to organize the actions of various agencies.
Since the 2014 announcement on not being able to sustain the Welsh village, house prices in Fairbourne have nosedived. Dubbed the UK’s first potential climate refugees, many were left shocked and angry by national headlines declaring their whole village would be “decommissioned.” Seven years on, most of their questions about their future remain unanswered.
No one in Fairborne wants to leave, whether they eventually become climate refugees or not. While many are retirees, there are also young families raising the next generation. Locals speak proudly of their tight-knit community. And although the village center only consists of a grocery store, a fish and chip shop and a few restaurants, residents say the long beach and a small steam-powered train draw bustling crowds of tourists in the summer.
“They’ve doomed the village, and now they’ve got to try to rehome the people. That’s 450 houses,” stated Stuart Eves, who serves as chair of the local community council. “If they want us out by 2054, then they’ve got to have the accommodation to put us in.”
Eves decided the coastal village in northern Wales would be home for life when he moved to what is today ground zero for climate change 26 years ago. He fell in love with the peaceful, slow pace of small village life in this community nestled between the rugged mountains and the Irish Sea.
Other communities who see their sinking cities and eroding coastlines eventually making residents climate refugees brought a graphic image to COP 26 this week.
The Pacific nation of Tuvalu’s foreign minister addressed the United Nations climate conference in Glasgow standing knee-deep in seawater to show how his low-lying island nation is on the frontline of the climate crisis.
The video of Simon Kofe standing in a suit and tie at a lectern set up in the sea while delivering his speech draws attention to Tuvalu’s struggle against rising sea levels.
“We will not stand idly by as the water rises around us. We are not just talking in Tuvalu, we are mobilizing collective action at home, in our region, and on the international stage to secure our future,” Kofe said.
The future impact of climate change will disproportionately affect the world’s poorest but will also pressure countries around the globe through mass migration of refugees. Adaptation and resilience will be the key to reducing displacement risk — both temporary and permanent — in the forms of early warning systems and flood-defense infrastructure, sustainable agriculture and drought-resistant crops, as well as other protections.
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On Monday December 10, 2012, Louis Cammarosano, General Manager of HomeGain, was a guest on the Real Estate 360 Live radio show on The Big Talker 1580 WHFS AM, hosted by Ryan Sloper.
Listen to the show.
Part 1 (14:37)
Ryan notes that the Federal Reserve will be buying 90% of the new debt the US issues. Louis notes that governments need to grow and need revenue and can only get so much from taxation and have in recent years have resorted to borrowing printing money to meet its spending obligations.
Louis predicts another round of buying from the Federal Reserve this week.
Louis notes that the US economy is now a debt based economy with 70% of the GDP based on consumer spending of borrowed money and a good portion based on the real estate industry which involves people merely moving in and out of homes. Louis notes that this is not the basis of a sound economy that produces things, saves their money and there fore can afford to buy things and houses.
Louis notes that even though the unemployment rate has gone down, an increasing number of young people are out of work and the number of people out of the labor force has increased by over 500,000. Unemployed people can’t buy houses.
Louis notes that a demand based economy is a loser and that one with productions and savings is sustainable.
Louis notes that the federal reserve over powers the market.
Louis notes that the “tax the rich” issue is a smoke screen that diverts attention from the deficit because taxing the rich does not solve the deficit as the money proposed to be taken from the rich will pay to operate the government for eight days.
Louis notes that the US doesn’t owe $100 Trillion because some rich people made too much money.
Louis notes that taxing the rich often results in receiving less tax revenue and the concept of taxation is that somehow the government own your money and allows you to keep some of it.
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This wordlist is generally used by students preparing for GRE.
Short Definition : bloody; with much bloodshed
(adj) accompanied by bloodshed
this bitter and sanguinary war
(adj) marked by eagerness to resort to violence and bloodshed
went after the collaborators with a sanguinary fury that drenched the land with blood
Mnemonics (Memory Aids) for sanguinary
root word: "sangui" means blood.....so SANGUINARY means blood-thirsty
sangu....in ...army....wen dere is army der will b war nd hence bloodshed
sanguinary rhymes with SANG(WITH)-ARMY.....there were more BLOODSHED when ashok attacks along WITH(sang) his ARMY...
She was angry & cut her artery.. So much blood..
sangeen naari = kill bill
SANGUINARY or GORY which are rhyming words also have the same meaning which is, blood-thirsty or full of bloodshed.
Imagine a penGUIN that is sanguinary to others who SANG, because he himself is not able to.
sanguinary=s+aang+urinary, some body parts which contain BLOOD
Sangui + (Merce)nary - BloodThirsty!
In tamil nary means fox. Imagine a nary killing animals for food
angui(angry) + nary(nari) >>> an angry lady will try and kill u and shed ur blood or can even cut her hand and shed her blood..
A nari(women) sang contineously in a sanguinary incident,,
by kapil dudela
Short Definition : optimistic; cheerful; hopeful; of the color of blood; red
(noun) a blood-red color
(adj) confidently optimistic and cheerful
(adj) inclined to a healthy reddish color often associated with outdoor life
a ruddy complexion
Santa's rubicund cheeks
a fresh and sanguine complexion
Mnemonics (Memory Aids) for sanguine
SANGUINE is pronounced very much like "SANGEEN" in hindi which is usually referred with crime-"sangeen hatya" which shows serious murder with blood red colour...
break it like sang + vine, so wen u drink vine and singing song you feel cheerful, happy
Sanguine - Penguin : Kids cheer up when they see penguins .. Penguins are very cheerful and hopeful (Ref the movie "Happy Feet")
sangui root means blood.i like a girl whose cheeks are sanguine and i find her very sanguine(cheerful)
he is SANGUINE (confident) that the jewellery he has bought is GENUINE
Sang+queen(guine). When queen sing we feel cheerful
Sang+uine---- sang unitely: means when we sing in unity we are cheerful and full of energy
sanguine = sing+win .. when do u sing and what do you do wen u win .. becom cheerful !
Break it as Sang Ui UINE = Sing we will win/... \m/
sangu(sangu bhai or sanjay dutt...indian actor) is very CHEERFUL,CONFIDENT AND OPTIMISTIC.
Looks like sangria, which makes you happy.
COn"Sanguine" in local language is "Gothram", so related to blood relations. So any word with sanguine is related to blood.
Short Definition : diminish; weaken; undermine the foundations of (a fortification); Ex. The element kryptonite sapped his strength.
(noun) a watery solution of sugars, salts, and minerals that circulates through the vascular system of a plant
(noun) a person who lacks good judgment
(noun) a piece of metal covered by leather with a flexible handle; used for hitting people
exhaust one's savings
We quickly played out our strength
(verb) excavate the earth beneath
Mnemonics (Memory Aids) for sap
If you slap(sap) someone you diminish his dignity..
Swallow A Power abbreviated to 'SAP'
sap sounds like zap..
zap means to kill or terminate..
if u don't spend time for nap u'll become sap
SAP and RELAPSE. A RELAPSE of an illness SAPS your strength, undermines your constitution, weakens your body.
Short Definition : cutting ironic remark; scornful remarks; stinging rebuke; ADJ. sarcastic
(noun) witty language used to convey insults or scorn
he used sarcasm to upset his opponent
irony is wasted on the stupid
Satire is a sort of glass, wherein beholders do generally discover everybody's face but their own
Mnemonics (Memory Aids) for sarcasm
remember "SARCASTIC" same...
Now i will give u one funny way to remember.Relate it with 'sarkar' which means the government and the people who r associated with it always make scornful remarks in witty way against the opposition!
surcasm means surcastic... sur"cast"ic - fight among casts uses scornful wits sometimes.
SARCASM and CYNICISM are similar sounding words which refer to an ironically scornful language.
what we SA(T)y in IRE is what SATIRE means
Short Definition : scornfully mocking; disdainful; sarcastic; cynical; Ex. sardonic smile
(adj) disdainfully or ironically humorous; scornful and mocking
his rebellion is the bitter, sardonic laughter of all great satirists
a wry pleasure to be...reminded of all that one is missing
Mnemonics (Memory Aids) for sardonic
sorry to comment but.. remember sardarji
always people mock at them making jokes. so remember as sardonic
think of SARDONIC as SARCASTIC + IRONIC
saridon (famous medicine for headache in India) : If everybody around you criticise you , then you will get headache ... take saridon
sardonic is divided into sar: which means head in hindi and donic can be regarded as "down" so HEAD DOWN which means scornfully mocking on others.
Just remember the statement."SARdarjiko DONI ne Comment kiya" ..Just remember the caps in the statement which gives the word and statement meaning!
SARDONIC or SARCASTIC is to make curt or ironic remarks. To be cutting or rude to someone.
Short Definition : pertaining to tailors or tailoring; Ex. a man of great sartorial elegance; CF. sartor: tailor
(adj) of or relating to the sartorius muscle
(adj) of or relating to a tailor or to tailoring
Mnemonics (Memory Aids) for sartorial
sounds like sari tore
and you need a tailor to fix it, thus sartorial pertains to tailoring
so, pertaining to tailors or tailoring
sarTORIAL rearrange TAILOR
SARTORIAL refers to APPAREL (garment) making, tailoring of garments.
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The array type
If you want to use it afterwards, ensure that you touchStorableArray after the last use of the pointer, so the array is not freed too early.
Construct a StorableArray from an arbitrary ForeignPtr. It is the caller's responsibility to ensure that the ForeignPtr points to an area of memory sufficient for the specified bounds.
The pointer to the array contents is obtained by withStorableArray. The idea is similar to ForeignPtr (used internally here). The pointer should be used only during execution of the IO action retured by the function passed as argument to withStorableArray.
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Bill affecting business dealings with Iran, Sudan, Syria heads to Senate
BATON ROUGE — The House passed a bill, 82-8, Monday that works to prevent the state of Louisiana from funding terrorism, but not before two legislators got into an oral dustup which prompted a reprimand by the speaker of the House.
There are certain funds in the state of Louisiana that are invested solely in international securities. The Senate Bill 223, by Sen. Neil Riser, R-Columbia, places restrictions on investments in companies connected to countries which indirectly or directly support terrorism.
SB233 would currently affect business with Iran, Sudan, and Syria. The state treasurer would review any business deal in question before taking action.
Rep. Valarie Hodges, R-Denham Springs, brought an amendment on the House floor that would also prevent the state from investing in companies that boycott or sanction Israel over its relations with Palestinians, which brewed a floor disturbance.
Rep. Sam Jones, D-Franklin, asked Hodges, who called Israel our strongest and longest ally, why the bill focused on Israel and no other American allies, like France, the first formal ally of the United States in the Revolutionary War.
Hodges said she did would not oppose an amendment that included France, or other allies, but that the Jews had been American allies for millennia because the United States was built on Judeo-Christian values.
That prompted the outspoken Shreveport Democrat, Barbara Norton, expressed frustration with Hodges for continually bringing measures before the Louisiana Legislature that deal with another nation and never seems to be sensitive to state’s needs.
“I am tired of you talking about other countries,” Norton said. “Will you stop bringing Israel and those other countries here so we can do our jobs?”
Norton was likely referring to Hodges’ sanctuary cities bill, which carried some of the session’s most contentious debate before dying in a Senate committee, and a more Israel-oriented version of Riser’s bill which was gutted by fellow House Republican late last month.
Hodges retorted that the bill was a matter of national security, and repeatedly defended the importance of an alliance with Israel.
The war of words escalated, eventually earning a “ladies, ladies” rebuke from Speaker of the House Taylor Barras, R-New Iberia.
Hodges’ amendment passed without objection, despite a sigh from Norton, who ironically ended up voting for SB233.
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I have just completed the first version of what I shall call the G4ILO Wonder Whip. It's a portable HF receiving antenna for the Kenwood TH-F7E and TH-F6A that can also be used for transmit on 2m and 70cm. It allows you to use the radio's wide band receive capability to listen to the HF bands 20m - 10m plus 6m.
The project was not without its complications. In fact it took three attempts to get the antenna to work to my satisfaction. The antenna is a base-loaded short whip with tapping points on the loading coil to resonate the whip on the amateur bands and a fly-lead with a small alligator clip to select the appropriate tap.
I first thought that it would be possible to identify the best tapping point by scraping away some enamel from the coil and touching the fly-lead to it using an insulated handle. The problem is that the bandwidth of such a short antenna is very narrow and the resonant point depends very much on what sort of a ground you have and whether anything - such as my hand - is in close proximity to it. So it proved very difficult to find a tapping point that gave consistent results. What might seem the right point on the antenna analyzer can be way off when using the TH-F7E or the FT-817.
I had to realize that what I was trying to make was a receiving antenna for the TH-F7E that would be used without any ground or counterpoise, and forget about trying to get a good SWR when the antenna was put on my FT-817. I was eventually able - more by luck than calculation - to find tapping points for each of the bands. On HF the antenna should be used with the 48cm telescopic whip fully extended, but it can be fine tuned by retracting sections of the whip until you hear the loudest signals or noise. Retracting the whip provides quite a range of adjustment - enough to allow 12m to be covered using the 15m tap. As this antenna is intended for receive only, getting an exact match is not essential, and you should hear stations without needing to adjust the length of the whip.
The photograph above gives the critical constructional details. The tapping points were created by making a loop of bare wire and twisting the ends together to form a tag to which the wander lead can be clipped when selecting the band in use. Because the tapping points were found by trial and error I wound one continuous coil of enamelled wire and then scraped away a bit of enamel from a turn of the coil next to each tapping point and soldered it using a fine tipped bit. This was a little tricky.
If I was making another antenna to this specification I would install the tapping points first and then wind each section with the indicated number of turns, scrape the enamel and loop the wire round the tapping point before starting the next section. You could even wind each section of coil separately, testing each section for resonance before you start the next one. This would make it easier to adjust the number of turns if the resonant point does not fall exactly in the right place.
The telescopic whip I used is 19 inches (48cm) in length, in other words a quarter wave on 145MHz. In the 2m/70cm position the loading coil is bypassed adding the length of the wander lead to the length of the whip. The top two sections of the whip should be retracted to compensate for this. I have found that when using a hand-held transceiver the best SWR on 2m is achieved with a whip length that is 5 - 7 cm longer than a true quarter wave. This antenna allows you to achieve that.
After testing the antenna, the Wonder Whip was finished off by wrapping the coil in black self-amalgamating tape. This helps protect the coil and gives the antenna an almost professional appearance.
I am quite pleased with this antenna. It is a pity that I cannot make it cover 40m and 80m as well but that would require a considerable number of extra turns on the coil and would make the antenna somewhat unwieldy.
I also fear the plastic pen body is a bit fragile and would be rather easy to break. I broke it in half once by applying too much heat while soldering to one of the tapping points which melted the plastic - fortunately it stuck back together again when the plastic cooled, but I may have weakened it. I would like to make a more robust version if I come across some suitable materials. The current version at least has the advantage of light weight, and does not put too much stress on the SMA connector of the TH-F7E.
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About ten years ago, the U.S. EPA began publishing guidance regarding how states could take credit for emissions reductions realized through electric sector energy efficiency (EE) and renewable energy (RE) policies and programs. The initial guidance, was published in August 2004 and was followed by guidance related to addressing emerging and voluntary measures in state implementation plans in September 2004, guidance on incorporating “bundled measures” in a state implementation plan (SIP) in August 2005, and modeling guidance for demonstrating attainment with the Ozone and PM2.5 national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) and Regional Haze in April 2007. These initial EE/RE guidance documents were intended to prompt states to take credit for emission reductions related to EE/RE in their SIPs. However, the initial guidance apparently resulted in very few instances of states incorporating EE/RE policies and programs into SIPS. The reasons cited for the limited use of the initial guidance included a perception that the effort needed was not justified by reward (SIP credit), a lack of guidance from U.S. EPA, overly burdensome documentation requirements, and uncertainty regarding the achievable reductions.
On July 2, 2012, the U.S. EPA issued “new” guidance, referred to as the EE/RE Roadmap Manual (Roadmap); to assist states for incorporating EE/RE policies and programs into their SIPs. The agency identified several reasons for the release of the new Roadmap, the most compelling for states being the increasingly stringent NAAQS levels, the need to find (and document) even greater emissions reductions where the majority of the larger emission point sources have already been controlled, and the realization that non-traditional emission reductions may be the most cost effective reductions available. In addition, the agency cited the increased state adoption of EE/RE policies and programs since 2004 that could result in air quality benefits (and that could be reflected in SIPs) and provided the following examples:
- At least 29 states have adopted renewable portfolio standards (RPS) requiring retail electricity suppliers to provide a fixed amount of retail power from renewable resources.
- States have significantly increased investment in EE programs with over 5 million dollars of ratepayer resources.
The Roadmap is comprised of a summary or “Main Body” document and a series of eleven (11) appendices that defines terms, explains the workings of the U.S. electric system, summarizes previous/existing EE/RE guidance, explains several state EE/RE programs and policies, describes the use and function of four alternative “mix and match” pathways, provides methodology for quantifying EE/RE emission and reductions and energy savings, and identifies examples of EE/RE policies and programs that have been adapted by states. It also includes an extensive disclaimer which clearly states that it is not a regulatory action and does not create new guidance, but was issued primarily to “clarify existing guidance.” The remainder of this article very generically identifies EE/RE strategies, summarizes the pathways identified in the Roadmap, provides a few examples of how several states are currently evaluating the use of the Roadmap, and identifies why this process is important for sources beyond EGUs.
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In talking about the Icelandic settlers, we most often relate stories of their adult trials and troubles and not much is said about the children who were living the same life with them. That’s a shame because a child’s early life determines much about the adult he or she becomes. It also demonstrates qualities about the adults. How adults treat children reveals much about them.
We are fortunate that in Memories of Osland many of the people writing share anecdotes and details of their childhood.
Steina (Philippson) Degg “remembers going to the lake with other children and adults to skate in the winter and to swim and picnic in the summer. Steina remembers walking out to “Baby Island” in the mud (“Baby Island” is a very small treeless island near the Philippson and Luther Johnson homes). She took something to read, the tide came in and she had to sit there all alone till the tide went out again a few hours later.”
Gerald (Jerry) Philippson says “The kitchen was a place of wonders – cookies, cakes, etc”. “My Father and Grandfather talked very rapidly in Icelandic while I explored other areas, such as the kitchen, where Grandma Freda had the frying pan on while she whipped up the batter for Icelandic pancakes, the greatest treat known to a seven year old.”
And then there are experiences like Elin (Einarsson) Vaccher’s. “The Christmas that I was six years old really stand out in my memory. It was the time that Santa came to our schoolhouse. We were so excited when we heard him jingling his bells as he came up the sidewalk. Then he came into the school room – big as life in his red suit. As he bent over beside the tree to pick up our gifts his beard caught fire from one of the little candles on the trees. As Santa ripped off his beard we gasped in astonishment when we found out that Santa was really George Philippson.” She says we had “wonderful teachers. The would take us on nature walks to Bremner Lake. In the summer it was a popular spot for picnics and swimming.”
Loretta Vaccher Heuscher says Nina Amma Jonsson “always had sugar cubes dipped in coffee and dried in the warming oven as special treat for us, and Gisli had special dried fish as a treat for us if we were really good.”
“Every Christmas we had a concert with plays and songs and all of us pupils got a chance to ham it up.” “Great for fishing – caught my first good sized trout about a quarter mile up what we called Frank’s Creek…In winter when the lake was frozen over it was excellent for skating and palying hockey. …One year Pop said if he caught over 2,000 sockeye he’d buy me a .22. Well he did and I got it, 12 years old and got my first deer with it that fall. One morning later on, Frances woke me up early in the morning to tell me a nice deer was standing behind our house. So I took Pop’s 30-30 and nailed it, a nice two-pointer. Had to get Uncle Walter to help me skin it and cut it up.”
Frances (Oafson) Hanson describes the community Christmas concert in a way many of us will recognize from our own experience. “Everyone at Osland looked forward to the Christmas concerts that were held every December. Our teacher worked with us – assigning our parts for the plays, teaching us the carols to be sung, and letting those of us who were willing to choose a poem to memorize for our big event. Parents assisted—men constructed a wooden stage at the cloak-room end of the school, so we had a place in which to put on costumes, ladies made curtains (from bed sheets) to conceal the stage area between acts, someone cut a Christmas tree, and tinsel and decorations were borrowed for it. Families and bachelors contributed to the refreshments, music and games for everyone to enjoy after the concert”
“Following the concert and the handing out of treats to the pupils, there were games for everyone, then dancing to the music to the accordion played by Barney.
“Bull-head fishing, at high tide, was a favourite summer ‘sport’ for children. I enjoyed fishing off the end of the small dock in front of our yard. Our gear was just a length of net twine tied to a stick, little fish hook (if one was available) or a safety pin at the end of the line and a piece of lead for a ‘sinker’. Worms from the garden were kept in a tin can for bait….Every Spring there were large clusters of frog’s eggs hanging from sticks in the creeks.”
Carl Olafson gives us a slightly different view of a child’s life. He says “little did I know that after you’re three you could participate in some of the action – later on it was called ‘chores’ – like collect the eggs, feed the cat, feed the goat, then when you got to be four or five, you were allowed to chop kindling and wood so long as you were careful not to cut off any fingers.”
Carl summarized life for kids pretty well when he says “We kept occupied, going to school, doing chores, skating, and playing indoor games like Chinese Checkers, Monopoly, chess, crib and rummy. On weekends the people would get together to have a social. The bachelors would supply the coffee, tea and milk, and the married couples would bring home made cakes cookies, and ponnukokur (Icelandic pancakes). The kids just had to bring their appetites.”
A touching piece in Mary Jonina (Jonsson) Heinrich’s description of her childhood at Osland is unique for it captures the sense of isolation from the larger world for children and the shyness that results. She says that her foxgloves weren’t as tall the last year as when she was young and “we used to hide behind them. A strange boat would tie up at the wharf and we children would run to hide in masses of foxgloves. Many times it was the Rawleigh man, Mr. Evans. Afterwards we’d get the treats – syrups for making drinks, lemon soap that smelled so wonderful .Another boat that came was the “Northern Cross”. Then we’d have church services at the school house and sometimes on board the boat.”
“ I recall when we got oranges for Christmas each one was wrapped in tissue paper. Those tissues were smoothed out – of course for what else – the outhouse.”
There are a thousand thousand memories in Memories of Osland and it is difficult to leave any out so if you can, buy this book, it is a treasure. Many thanks to Frances Hanson and to all those who contributed to sharing with us the lives of the West Coast Icelanders.
As a last memory, I will use Alice (Kristmanson) McLean. “Once a year we would get lucky as the Dolly Varden used to head for the lake to spawn and we actually were able to catch something that looked like a fish. I remember having my first barbecue. A big bonfire on the beach, a grill and we’d cook our catch. To kids brought up on fresh fish and eating it two or three times a week thinking we were hard done by, I can’t believe we would get excited about barbecuing fish, but then again we’d never had fish burned by the fire – caught by us and cooked by us!
To the people coming to the INL Seattle AGM, welcome to our West Coast World. We have come here from the late 1800s on from Iceland, Winnipeg, Selkirk, Gimli, Lundar, and many other places on our journey westward. The West Coast is a world of wonders, from Skunk Cabbage meadows to apple orchards, from fresh caught salmon to halibut, from ocean shore to Rocky Mountains. In spite of distance and time we still like our coffee strong, our ponnukokur rolled with brown sugar and our skyr sweet.
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When in Venice: Feed the Birds, Tuppence (and 1,000 Bucks) a Bag
In pigeon advocacy circles, these are perilous times indeed. For one thing, the birds have been targeted by local governments around the world, many of them tourist hot spots like New York, London, Los Angeles and now ... Venice.
Buying a bag of bread crumbs and feeding the winged residents of the Piazza San Marco was, for generations, a tourist's rite of passage. Even after a ban was imposed on pigeon-feeding in other parts of Venice, the area around St. Mark's was given special dispensation for a time. But starting today, May 7, it is illegal legal for tourists or locals to feed pigeons in St. Mark's or anywhere else in the floating city, and violators risk incurring a 50 euro fine ($78).
The anti-pigeon movement is now nothing short of an international phenomenon, it seems, and one that appears to be picking up speed. Feeding the birds in London's Trafalgar Square can now get you a fine of up to $1,000, Los Angeles is experimenting with a form of pigeon birth control, and anti-pigeon legislation is pending in New York and several other cities.
Much of the anti-pigeon rhetoric centers on the contention that the birds are diseased (although in Venice's case, their pecking has been blamed for damage to monuments). Hence the "rats with wings" adage. But while pigeons are indeed nuisances (one bird produces 100 pounds of droppings over its 4-year lifespan), pigeon advocates claim that the birds are more victim than perpetrator.
Victims, that is, of an unfair public relations campaign.
"Contrary to popular belief, cases of pigeon diseases spread to humans are extremely rare," says a statement on the blog People for Pigeons. "Why then do we read horror stories in the media every day about the 60 or 70 fatal diseases that pigeons are supposedly capable of transmitting to human beings?," says a statement on the Save the Pigeons Web site. "Because the pest control industry and those that have a vested commercial interest in controlling pigeons have a very efficient propaganda machine constantly churning out scare stories designed to sell their products."
And so, even as the anti-pigeon stalwarts are mobilizing against the birds, a group of equally stalwart pro-pigeon types is mobilizing too. New York's Central Park is poised to host a happening of sorts on June 13, National Pigeon Day having been declared. (The date if you're wondering, was chosen because it's on June 13, 1919, that Cher Ami, one of World War I's most celebrated carrier pigeons, died as a result of war wounds.) Among the day's sponsors are groups like In Defense of Animals, not to mention United Poultry Concerns.
In short, what we have here is an issue poised for a showdown, and the feathers may well fly. Pigeon advocates claim that the birds are a critical element of urban culture, often the only living things in a sea of concrete. Pigeon-haters think it's long past time that these Hitchcockian flocks be brought under control.
Well, what do you think?
By Scott Vogel |
May 7, 2008; 9:28 AM ET
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Egyptian political exiles around the world are watching the events in Egypt closely. One of those exiles is Saad Eddin Ibrahim , a sociologist, human rights activist and professor at Drew University in New Jersey. An outspoken critic of Hosni Mubarak, Ibrahim has served time in Egyptian prisons for his pro-democracy activities. OTM spoke with him back in 2002.
Visions in Dust
Artist: Barn Owl
BROOKE GLADSTONE: Saad Eddin Ibrahim, former head of the Ibn Khaldun Center for Development Studies in Cairo, is currently a distinguished visiting professor at Drew University in New Jersey. A mild-mannered educator, human rights advocate and hero to the world’s press, he was threatened often by Islamic extremists and jailed by the Mubarak regime. Here he is speaking this week on Australian television.
PROF. SAAD EDDIN IBRAHIM: And telling the truth is a very hard role to perform in authoritarian or semi-authoritarian regimes. But I'm proud that I did. I paid dearly for it. But now I feel vindicated.
BROOKE GLADSTONE: Deborah Amos, a Middle East reporter for NPR, recalled how he challenged militant Islam in the '80s and '90s, its most violent period in Egypt.
DEBORAH AMOS: There was a politician who was assassinated; Egypt's Nobel Prize-winning writer had his neck slashed because the Islamisists said that his book was anti-Islam. So it was a dangerous time to go on the record and say anything about these groups, and Saad Eddin Ibrahim never shirked. He would always talk on the record about who they were and what they were doing.
BROOKE GLADSTONE: Back in 2002, longtime Middle East reporter Rick Davis offered this portrait of Saad Eddin Ibrahim:
RICK DAVIS: You don't need a reporter to tell you that in this world people mean and splendid exist alike, but in many parts of the world, among those with power, the mean do seem to outnumber the splendid. In over 20 years working in the Middle East, I often felt a bit like Diogenes, who with his lamp searched for an honest man. This is a tribute to such a man. He lives in Egypt. His name is Saad Eddin Ibrahim.
PROF. SAAD EDDIN IBRAHIM: If you believe in something, if you are a true believer, then you have to be prepared to take some risks. And I am - I was prepared to take those risks. Still am.
RICK DAVIS: Why in a country of over 70 million people is Saad Eddin Ibrahim so rare, and why are his words so necessary to so many reporters? Susan Sachs of The New York Times has spoken with him often over the last 12 years, on many issues.
SUSAN SACHS: Women's empowerment, clean elections, the role of religious minorities in Arab countries and Islamic fundamentalism, these were all issues that he was interested in because he felt, I believe, that they would advance culture and society in Egypt. He is a patriot, in the best sense of the word. RICK DAVIS: But not in the eyes of the Egyptian government. Late one night in June 2000, a dozen state security police stormed into his house; 40 to 50 more surrounded it. Across Cairo, 27 co-workers at his research center were arrested - lawyers, economists, social workers. One woman was jumped from behind, a bag thrown over her head. Soon they were on trial. Saad Eddin Ibrahim, who had taught at major universities around the world, been a consultant to the United Nations, was now a 61-year-old man in a cage, a large steel cage in a Cairo courtroom.
PROF. SAAD EDDIN IBRAHIM: For years I thought the threat to my life would be from Islamic militants. Now, it is equally from my own government. But that is our fortune, or misfortune, in the Third World, is that when you speak for freedom or for democracy, you are stepping on many toes.
RICK DAVIS: A highly-placed western diplomat said Ibrahim's comments on state corruption and calls for democratic reform angered someone at the top, or near the top. The charges he faced included embezzling funds donated by the European Union, although the Union said no funds were embezzled. He was charged with tarnishing Egypt in the eyes of the world, and the government-controlled Egyptian news media joined the attack, cartoons, editorials, fabricated stories, among them, that millions of dollars in checks were found in his office safe. One paper published a photo it said was of his American-born wife Barbara getting a standing ovation at the Israeli Embassy in Cairo. She wasn't even in the country that night. And a more frightening story, that Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon personally tried to intercede in his case.
SAAD EDDIN IBRAHIM: And that endangered my life in prison, because there are a lot of fanatics in prison. And my family screamed out, and yet, there was no way of getting their voice or getting these editors-in-chief of the three daily newspapers to retract, even though they knew it was a big lie.
RICK DAVIS: Saad Eddin Ibrahim and his co-defendants were found guilty. He was sentenced to seven years in prison. After ten months an appeals court nullified the verdict and ordered a new trial. It is happening now. Ibrahim is back in a courtroom cage. Many journalists who know him or of him are speaking out in his defense. A Wall Street Journal editorial questioned the inaction of the U.S. government. Ibrahim holds an American passport. He is a U.S. citizen. Robert Pollock wrote the Journal editorial.
ROBERT POLLOCK: It's pretty obvious that the U.S. government has an obligation to stand up for its citizens being persecuted overseas, you know, whether that's a white native-born citizen, or whether that's a, a person of color who's a naturalized citizen. He's precisely the kind of voice we, we ought to be encouraging in the Arab world.
RICK DAVIS: But how much more can we expect of that voice? A series of small strokes during his first trial and imprisonment have slowed his walk. But his will is undiminished.
SAAD EDDIN IBRAHIM: As you grow older, maybe you get wiser, but you also get more determined that there's very little time left for you to carry out your agenda. And the agenda is still very long in this region, the agenda for peace, for democracy, for development, for human rights. And, as I look back on my life, despite the long years of activism –
RICK DAVIS: He paused. His eyes teared. I have interviewed him at least a dozen times and never seen that before.
SAAD EDDIN IBRAHIM: - I feel there is very little that - was accomplished of, of that agenda, [BREAKING UP] and still more to be accomplished.
RICK DAVIS: This has clearly not been an exercise in unbiased journalism.
[MUSIC UP AND UNDER] It is a tribute to an honorable man. For On the Media, I'm Rick Davis.
BROOKE GLADSTONE: Saad Eddin Ibrahim spent three years in prison. He was released in 2003.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.wnyc.org/story/133071-egyptian-hero-to-the-press/
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Various Kinds Of Cloth Baby Carriers
Cloth baby carrier is one of the most familiar baby stuff. There are lots of reasons why parents should make use of this. Basically, a baby carrier is easy and convenient to use while travelling. Parents like to make use of infant carrier rather than carrying their babies in their arms.
Here is the introductory article: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baby_sling
Other reason why it should be preferred is the convenience it proffers. These carriers have various kinds. Each has lots of unique shapes, fabric designs and numerous styles.
Baby sling is the ordinary kind of cloth baby carrier. This sling is made up of cloth. This remains fastened to the hip or shoulders of the wearer while providing support to the weight of the baby. Ring sling is the common baby sling. They are made up of a piece of cloth where one end of the cloth is stitched to two nylon or aluminum rings. The wearer simply wraps the cloth around from shoulder to opposite hip and back the shoulder and being buckles and locked through the rings. The pocket created with be the place where you can cradle your infant. The nice thing regarding the ring sling is its adjustability to the size of the wearer. This is transformable into a shoulder-padded ring sling. Pouches are other famous baby carriers. Usually, they are made by suing a broad tubular shaped fabric. There are no rings or other accessories in pouch slings. But, pouch slings are modifiable by using extra materials such as zippers, Velcro, snaps, buckles, rings as well as various other supplies.
Asian infant carriers like Boba are other cloth baby carriers. This carrier makes use of a piece of cloth with parallel straps fastened to the corners. The straps proffer an additional safety in carrying the baby. Another kind of infant carrier is the podaegi. Koreans are said to have initiated it. In fact, it is a medium to large rectangular fabric which hangs from a very long strap. The wearer simply wraps the fabric in his torso and the straps wrap the bottom of baby comfortably. Variations of such Asian baby carriers including BabyBjorn are found all over the world. Extra styles and shapes were formed out of these distinctive Asian child carriers.
Nowadays, various kinds of cloth baby carrier are available. Before the day comes to an end, it is up to you to decide what kind of carrier you will consider to buy. Ensure that you make a judicious decision what kind to buy. Remember that the safety of your baby should be your top priority.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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Belgisch Tijdschrift voor Filologie en Geschiedenis vol:88 issue:accepted
The Nova historia ducum brabantiae and the Tractatulus de laude terrae brabantiae of the Korsendonk canon Johannes Meerhout (1399-1476)
In this article, the hypothesis is launched that Johannes Meerhout (1399-1476), a regular canon of the Windesheim priory of Korsendonk is the intellectual author of the Tractatulus de laude terrae brabantiae, a historiographic brabantine work that until now remained anonymous. Moreover, this De laude can be considered as the amplified version of the Nova historia ducum brabantiae, a work which has been already attributed to Meerhout. Through an analysis of three manuscripts we have proven that the Nova historia of Meerhout is integrally conserved and that it was indeed the concept version of the De laude. Meerhout started by collecting genealogical data extracted from several historiographical works. He then wrote a genealogical history of the Brabantine dynasty, intertwined with lives of saints who could be territorially or genealogically linked to Brabant. Finally, a fellow canon of Meerhout, presumably the experienced copyist Walter Vliet, transcribed the Nova historia. In his version, the work received a prologue, additional exempla in the first part and a title, more specifically the Tractatus de laude terrae brabanciae. Thanks to a fortunate text transmission of the three main manuscripts, we can reconstruct the origin, the concept version and the final end result of this genealogical-hagiographical hymn to Brabant.
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The landscape of the workplace is ever-evolving, which compels businesses to modify their office space from time to time. Especially when it comes to shared office space in Bangalore, change is the next best thing you can introduce. While there is a lot of confusion constituting a shared office or workspace, it is just a place where many people work at one point of the time.
It is also a place, or an area, where multiple people work at various times. Not to forget, a shared office place is a workspace where different companies have their offices and employees work beside each other.
Shared Workspace & Collaborative Workspace
Let’s bust one of the biggest myths about shared workspace here – it is not the same workspace that many people share at once. That’s a different concept called the collaborative workspace. It is typically important to understand the difference between shared and collaborative workspaces for a bigger picture:
- While a shared office is shared by many employees at different times, the workplace remains static whereas occupants are all dynamic
- Many people or offices choose a collaborative workspace at once to work together
A shared workspace has one occupant using designated office space for a specific period. When the time is over, the same workspace is given to some other occupant, rather than leaving it idle.
The rising trend of coworking and shared offices led to a lot of confusion. While these two terms can be interchangeably used, they have different meanings. There are many pros and cons of shared office space too. While the benefits of shared office space give an edge to the concept, few disadvantages should be noted too.
Advantages of Shared Office Space
Shared office space on rent offers a lot of cost benefits to businesses. When an office is sub-leased, it reduces the rent.
Next, shared office spaces are well furnished, including furnishing and utility costs. Some rental agreements also contain maintenance costs. Hence, rent isn’t the sole cost of the space you lease.
When you share an office, you would be sharing utility bills, cleaning/maintenance costs, and association dues. These are all monthly expenses, just like rent, but you would be sharing this burden.
Likewise, you would share the utility bills depending on your usage. If your business organization needs more water and electricity then it may affect your costs. Shared offices also share their internet connectivity.
Shared offices can share their lobby and waiting area to cut costs too.
Helps Boost Productivity
When you are coworking, employees have the liberty to work when they want, at their own time, in a chosen way. As a result, it unlocks their full productivity potential. Ensure that you set clear goals and standards, thus leaving their path open for interpretation. If the team comprises of remote workers, it would help them gravitate to the coworking space as that one place where they can focus and work.
Comfort is the key to coworking, and it means physically as well as cognitively. A well-furnished workspace with an extraordinary ambiance puts employees at ease. Besides, lack of politics and compelled participation keeps them more relaxed and focused at work. Coworking and shared offices deliver much-needed peace of mind.
Shared office spaces have brilliant networking facilities, which makes it easier for people to work. Businesses depend on partnerships and shared offices offer that exposure to proficiency from different fields of work. People of different companies can share their skills, business opportunities, and resources. It is not just a benefit for employees but their business affiliations too.
Disadvantages of Shared Office Space
Unavailability of Shared Amenities
In a shared working space, not all facilities may be available to people at once. It often leads to more confusion and heartburn. However, such situations can be handled with ease. For instance, the shared lobby may not be available to visitors of all the offices on the same floor. Such things, of course, do not happen every day.
Confidentiality may be at stake when you have a shared office space wherein you are not only sharing the space but also the network and other things. The data breach is a very common problem in such a setting.
Shared office pros and cons are very common in all parts of the world. If you are looking for shared office space for rent in Bangalore, make sure to verify these important points based on the pros and cons. These are crucial factors that determine the value of shared offices and also contribute to productivity.
Contact our team to find well-furnished and equipped shared office workspaces in the heart of Bangalore city
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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This course can also be studied as a joint degree:
By taking this course you will study the following module Forensic Psychology module plus modules from Criminology:
This module covers a range of theoretical and applied topics regarding investigative and judicial processes. For example, psychological principles may be applied to investigative approaches to interviewing, detecting deception, bearing false witness, offender profiling, case linkage, eyewitness memory, jury behaviour and decision-making, examining the state of mind and assessment, and expert psychological testimony (ethics, code of practice, report writing and practice). By taking this approach the student develops a critical understanding of pertinent stages in the investigative process where psychology may be used to improve interviewing strategies, as in the employment of the cognitive interview to assist in the improvement of witnesses' memory recall. This course then develops upon the investigative knowledge base provided by encouraging students to identify areas within the courtroom process where psychological techniques could be utilised. Thus, students are taken on an analytical and evaluative journey of the key criminal justice processes of the investigation and presentation of evidence in cases.
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CC-MAIN-2016-44
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http://www.kingston.ac.uk/postgraduate-course/forensic-psychology-msc/course-combinations.html
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Tips on home security during Christmas
Christmas is the best occasion to enjoy with your friends and family members and Christmas is the biggest shopping weeks of the year. Stocking homes with latest computers, electronic gadgets, jewelry and must have accessories is the norm so protecting your home is also important one for this occasion. According to the federal Bureau of the investigation says that 400000 burglaries might take place during the holiday season like Christmas. Once you follow some effective tips, then you can easily protect your home in an excellent way. For more information, you may visit locksmithofbrooklyn.com
Amazing tips to protect your home during Christmas
Staying alert is the most important thing, you might do to keep from becoming next victim of the holiday hustle. Try to install visible security measures like an alarm system or CCTV which is useful to discourage thieves and minimize the risk of the break-in. You are always recommended to follow some home security tips which is useful to protect your home such as
- Festive lighting- Be secure- A common mistake of most of the festive decorators is to feed extension cables via partially open windows, so criminals know to look for the vulnerability. When it comes to the outdoor lighting then you can go for battery operated lights, install outdoor electrical outlets and solar.
- Install time-switch lights- If you travel or get home late then setting automatic timers which turn the lights on when it gets dark which is used to make an impression which someone is home.
- Protect your identity- it is always good practice, never to dispose of the personal paperwork or receipts without first shredding it. Be careful though not to shred any kinds of important warranty details which make sure that documents you keep are stored securely.
Excellent technique to protect your home
If possible, you can register your property on immobilise because it is the national property database which police can search and access when they recover suspected stolen property. The garage is the often targeted areas for burglars so make sure that garden is secure. Recent studies say that social media is the most commonly used tool for investigation potential targets. Uploaded photos of the pricey Christmas gifts might be the problem as it allows burglars to go shopping by viewing your Facebook profile. Always invest in the motion sensor floor light or some outdoor Christmas light which might highlight your home exterior so that your home will be secured. If you are going away for Christmas, then be sure to cancel milk subscriptions and newspaper.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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http://handsonatl.org/tips-home-security-christmas/
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The art collective Kinobox Obscura brings its 3D camera obscura paddle wheel boat – the first of its kind in the world – to this year’s Pixelache festival. The artists pedal the paddle wheel catamaran and give the audience free boat rides for 2-3 people at a time. For the first time ever people will have a chance to see an upside-down “3D movie” on waters. The world outside the boat cabin is seen on a silver screen in 3D when wearing RealD 3D-glasses. The boat is equipped with custom-cut lenses (two lenses, one for eah eye) and circular polarized filters. The viewers can change the image focus by adjusting the lenses by two handles.
The boat has been built using recycled materials wherever possible. The deck is made out of old fire hoses from Helsinki Fire Department, the cabin is covered with silverish metal sheets from an offset printing house and the door handles have been modified from old Lapinlahti hospital bed railings. And like all Kinobox Obscura artworks also the 3D camera obscura boat works without any electricity.
The boat with no name (yet) has been built this summer and spring in the Kinobox docks in Lapinlahti, which will also house the Pixelache festival this year. The boat launch party was organized in co-operation with Pixelache festival in the beginning of July and after that the boat has been seeing sailing (or rather pedal-paddle-wheeling) in art festivals in Latvia and Estonia. But now the time has come for the boat and the Kinobox Obscura crew to return to their home harbour in Lapinlahti bay.
The Kinobox Obscura cruises will be available every festival day when the weather conditions are good enough. If it’s too stormy or too dark for the camera obscura to operate the boat will stay anchored – but no worries – there’s still a chance to experience the camera obscura in 3D. Just hop on the KO Silvershadow Mark 2 – the 3D camera obscura bike rides will be also available on the festival grounds!
The building of the first 3D camera obscura boat was funded by the Arts Promotion Centre Finland and Kone Foundation grants. Baltic Lifejackets Sweden provides lifejackets in all sizes to secure safe 3D voyages.
The art collective Kinobox Obscura is known for inventing the first 3D camera obscuras in the world. Since 2013 the artists have been building houses out of old 35 mm movie transport cases (trademark Kinobox) in Finland and Estonia. In 2014 the team took part in “Parallax – Geographical Resonances” exhibition in Mexico, where they built a 3D camera obscura house out of local movie boxes and also the first mobile 3D camera obscura – KO Silvershadow the bike. The members of Kinobox Obscura crew Juho Poesiloe Pöysti, Risto “CW01” Puurunen, Mika Paunio and Tuomo Vuoteenoma have a long history in making art in its different forms: be it music, fine arts or performance art.
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<urn:uuid:1c8a2eaf-c905-461c-8c1a-2e666702985d>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://empathy.pixelache.ac/events/kinobox-obscura?locale=fi
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A new set of coronavirus restrictions including orders to work from home and the introduction of vaccine passports is being considered to deal with rising cases and the spread of the Omicron variant.
Downing Street sources insisted “no decisions have been made” but there is widespread speculation that further measures could be imminent.
Announcing its autumn/winter strategy, the Government set out details of a Plan B to escalate to if needed.
What are the Covid restrictions in Plan B?
Ministers have kept most of their Plan B measures in reserve for if Covid cases rise so high that they place the NHS under unsustainable pressure.
They have already introduced mandatory face masks in shops and on public transport in England and, on November 27, promised to review the measures after three weeks.
The remaining restrictions in Plan B include the introduction of mandatory vaccine passports for larger events and nightclubs. These passports would prove people are double-jabbed and can attend the event.
The Government has previously said it will seek to give businesses at least one week’s notice before mandatory vaccine certification is enforced.
Face masks may also be brought in for other settings, such as when moving around restaurants, while the Government has said the plan allows for “asking people once again to work from home if they can, for a limited period”.
What would trigger Plan B?
The Prime Minister’s official spokesman has said there are “a number of different factors that would play into” a decision to bring in contingency measures set out in the autumn/winter strategy.
“Largely it would be required when there was a significant risk of the NHS being overwhelmed,” he said.
Mr Javid said while there are huge “pressures” on the NHS currently, he does not believe these are currently “unsustainable”.
He told the Number 10 press conference: “If we feel at any point it’s becoming unsustainable then the department, together with our friends in the NHS, we won’t hesitate to act.”
Current restrictions in England, Wales and Scotland mean masks have to be worn in shops and on public transport.
Anyone coming into the UK has to have a negative Covid test.
Those arriving from 11 countries in southern Africa have to go into hotel quarantine.
Will the plan slow the spread of Omicron?
Professor Neil Ferguson, from Imperial College London, whose data was instrumental to the UK going into lockdown in March 2020, said on Wednesday that “case numbers of Omicron are doubling at least every three days, maybe even every two days at the moment, so it’s accelerating very fast”.
He said lockdowns are a possibility and cannot be ruled out, but working from home guidance could slow the spread.
“There is a rationale, just epidemiologically, to try and slow this down, to buy us more time principally to get boosters into people’s arms, because we do think people who are boosted will have the best level of protection possible, but also to buy us more time to really better characterise the threat,” he said.
He suggested “a kind of Plan B Plus with working from home might slow it down” rather than stopping Omicron, reversing the doubling time to every five or six days.
What does the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (Sage) think?
Sage has said Plan B measures will have the greatest effect if brought in in one go.
Of the individual measures, the scientists advising Government believe working from home will have the biggest impact on slowing the spread of the virus.
The React study from Imperial College London showed working from home reduced the chance of catching Covid-19 during earlier stages of the pandemic.
Analyses of risk by occupation also shows a lower risk for those jobs with higher levels of working from home.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.leicestermercury.co.uk/news/uk-world-news/what-plan-b-covid-rules-6320284
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Tests across 1,000 companies in the San Francisco area – conducted ahead of this week's RSA Security Conference in the city – exposed widespread failures in wireless protection, even at financial services firms and government organisations.
That suggests that many IT leaders are still unaware of the risks posed by unsecured wireless networks, even after high profile cases of data theft, such as the theft of credit card details at TJX where 45 million customers had their details pilfered via the wireless network.
AirDefense found that 22 percent of the wireless access points it tested were unprotected. A further 30 percent only used Wired Equivalent Privacy, the weakest form of wireless protection.
In government organisations, an alarming 72 percent of access points were unencrypted or using WEP; in financial services the figure was 67 percent.
But the lessons from TJX have at least been taken on board by retailers. "Transportation and retail were head and shoulders above the other industries with proven methods of intrusion prevention in place," said Richard Rushing, chief security officer, AirDefense.
Firms fail to secure wireless networks
By IT Week on Apr 7, 2008 3:23PM
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.itnews.com.au/news/firms-fail-to-secure-wireless-networks-107602
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A modern cul-de-sac off Wood Street, the home for the local Medical Centre and some housing. This replaced a surgery at Aspley Guise, and the name was chosen so as to be familier for local residents. Asp also fits in with the snake used in some medical symbols. It is said that the original field name was 'Boggy Willows'.
The main road up from The Square into Aspley Guise, to the east of Woburn Sands, and then onwards to Bedford. At the bottom of Aspley Hill was the first commercial centre of Woburn Sands, known as ‘Cheapside’.
A residential area to the west of Station Road, near the railway station. Named after wildlife that used to frequent the area when there was less happening on the site!
A dirt track turning into a footpath with steep steps from the side of St Michaels Church, on Church Road in Aspley Heath, leading down to Hardwick Road, where it comes out opposite the Library. Recorded as Zig Zag Lane in the 1881 Census.
A residential area to the west of Station Road, near the railway station. One of the early trades to operate from this site, which was also the home to several of the Woburn Sands brickworks. The building survived until the modern houses were erected.
Residential development northwards from the west end of Theydon Avenue.
Bow Brickhill Road
The main road out of Woburn Sands to the west, leading to Bow Brickhill. Of course, at their end, it is known as Woburn Sands Road!
A residential development east off Weathercock Lane, one leg of it leads to a dirt track that connects to Mill Lane. The name comes from one Robert Burrowes, of Aspley Guise, who leased this area in 1662.
A residential area to the west of Station Road, near the railway station. Jack Cable was a WW2 navy signals engineer, who worked with James Summerlim in turning government surplus transmitters into high frequency industrial generators, and started the Plysu plastics business. He retired in 1982.
A modern development of housing just north of the Station, east off Newport Road.
A road west from the High Street to Hardwick Place, it has terraced houses on one side, with later houses the other. The Methodist Chapel (1879) stands on the corner where it meets the High Street. This road was only made up and tarmaced in the late 1950’s.
The main road into Aspley Heath. The church only arrived in 1868, before this the road was known as Aspley Heath. Leads from The Square to the top of the Heath, where it becomes a dirt track, which meets up with Longslade Lane after about a mile.
A now pedestrianised lane, east off the High Street, leading to the Social Club and Bowls Club.
A cul-de-sac at the top end of Weathercock Lane. “Concra” was originally the name for a large residence at the top of Weathercock Lane, which changed its name to ‘Woodlands’ after 1863. The then owner had been the land agent for Lord Blayney at Concra in Ireland, and used the name for his house and associated estate, on which this road was built.
A modern development of houses, once the site of a garage, on the west of Station Road.
The road leading from the railway crossing to Salford, and then towards Cranfield. When the railway came in 1846, this road followed a course directly behind the modern recreation ground and met the Station Road nearer to the Weathercock Inn. In order not to have to build two level crossings, the road was turned to follow alongside the railway and meet Newport Road.
Housing west off Cranfield Road. Named after nearby Deeth Farm.
A cul-de-sac south off Aspley Hill. Named after the house called ‘The Dene’, which was built about 1890, by Harry Butler Mallam, a solicitor. When the house was owned by Harold Allan, director of Queens Works in Bedford, the grounds were regularly used for church fetes and staging local pageants.
A residential road built on land originally owned by Mr Down and Mr Needham. Down died in 1903, and his business partner laid out the road, but plots were only sold off at an auction in 1938, after Needham had also died. The name is an amalgamation of their surnames. It is east off the High Street, then turns south at the top and joins Aspley Hill.
A residential area to the west of Station Road, near the railway station. John Eastaff was the sales manager for Plysu plastics in the 1940’s - 1950’s, which used to stand on this site.
Housing off Blackthorn Grove, parallel to Theydon Avenue. Parker says that this area was laid out in plans as early as the 1880’s, but it was not opened as a road until well after the Second World War. The western side of this estate is where the Canadian Foresters brought wood down from the Duke of Bedford’s woods on a narrow gauge railway to be loaded onto the main railway to go off to the Front.
Fir Grove left southwards from Theydon Avenue, until it met the end of Wood Street, which continued to Chapel Street. Because the respective development owners could not agree, there was for some years a gate across the roads where they met. Later this was removed and Fir Grove gave up its name and became an extension to Wood Street.
A residential area to the west of Station Road, near the railway station. On this site once stood the plastics factory of Plysu. Many of the staff were also firemen, and when the alarm bells sounded at Woburn Sands Fire Station, just across the road, they had to leave work in a hurry. The crew had an agreement that the first one there could drive the engine!
Although sometimes given the prefix “St.” on postcards etc, it was never named so. This collection of cottages stood about half way up Sandy Lane, just where Holly Walk meets it. Demolished many years ago, all that remains is a patch of grass on the side of the Duke of Bedfords Estate. George Lee was one of the last inhabitants. Also known as Leighton Hollow.
A residential area to the west of Station Road, near the railway station. The Greensand ridge is a geological formation that forms the ridge running through Woburn Sands. It ends nearby, where after the soil is far more clay-based.
A modern development of houses south of Hardwick Road, on the site of a disused garage.
Now a cul-de-sac, this was originally the continuation of Hardwick Road, but the road was rerouted around the other side of Mowbray Green, and the old exit onto The Leys closed off.
Leading from the Square towards Bow Brickhill to the west.
Residential development east off Woburn Road.
A dirt track at the top of Aspley Heath, once leading to the Daneswood Sanatorium for Consumptives and the Knoll School, but both these buildings are now flats.
High Street (A5130)
The main commercial road of Woburn Sands, the tradesmen built their shop fronts out from existing houses and cottages on the east side of the road. There was little development on the west side, as this was owned by the local farm, and later the Vicarage, which gave land on the west side to became public halls. Part of the old Toll Road.
Residential cul-de-sac east of Newport Road.
A dirt track and footpath connecting Church Road and Sandy Lane, near the top of Aspley Heath.
A residential road, to the east of Station Road and Weathercock Lane. Named after several generations of a local building family.
This collection of cottages stood about half way up Sandy Lane, just where Holly Walk meets it. Demolished many years ago, all that remains is a patch of grass on the side of the Duke of Bedford’s Estate. Also known as Georges Square, but although sometimes given the prefix “St.” on postcards, it was never named so.
Residential cul-de-sac south off Theydon Avenue.
A residential area to the west of Station Road, near the railway station. Lydbrook House, at 82 Station Road, was once nearby. That house was erected by Mr Handscomb as a garden nursery, but in later years was occupied privately, and during the 1914 War by the Revd. Snell, who did most of his travelling on a ladies cycle, in front of which was a basket carrying a large ear-trumpet. He was a keen quoits player, and ran his own bed. His wife came from Lydbrook, on the banks of the Wye, and in her honour he named the house after that village.
Residential cul-de-sac east off Blackthorn Grove.
A much older name than you may imagine, there is a Bedford Estate book listing this pool by this name in 1791. Usually fairly dried up in summer, and a boggy marsh in winter.
Now leads onto the Aspley Guise and Woburn Sands Golf Course, but until it blew down in 1900, this is where our local windmill was. I have been told the remains of the mills foundation timbers are still under one of the greens!
Now a local park, this was the site of Hardwick House, which was the home of two sisters, the Misses Mowbray. The site was cleared and converted to a park for the 1977 Jubilee.
Dirt track connecting Church Road to Sandy Lane in Aspley Heath.
Newport Road (A5130)
After the railway crossing, Station Road becomes Newport Road, and heads into Wavendon, and at one time the next large town along the road was Newport Pagnell. Once part of the Toll Road.
Residential cul-de-sac south off Blackthorn Grove.
Residential cul-de-sac east off Cranfield Road.
Named after the family name of the Duke of Bedford, who lives locally at Woburn Abbey. It connects the High Street to Weathercock Lane. This was the first of the main side streets to be laid out, it had been part of the Swan Farm estate, belonging to the Higgins family. It was known as Rilands fields, and sold to William Milligan, a property speculator and hat manufacturer from Dunstable, when auctioned in 1870.
Residential road east off Weathercock Close.
A very descriptive term for the dirt track leading from the bottom of Church Road to the top in Aspley Heath, just to its south side. Its condition has worsened due to increased wear in recent years, and it has now been blocked at the lower end, and at the end of Narrow Path. Originally, the main track over the Heath to the Brickhills.
Cul-de-sac location of some warden-assisted flats in the grounds of what was the Vicarage, west of the High Street. Named after Reverend John Shelton, vicar of Woburn Sands, from 1913 - 1946.
Dirt track road at the top of Aspley Heath, west off Church Road. Leads to a house called "Silverbirches". The house name was changed in about 1945 from "Silverbirch" by Frank Henley, a retired schoolmaster, who didn't want the connection with corporal punishment!
Residential cul-de-sac west off Station Road. This originally led to an area behind Station Road with a brook running through it, hence 'Spring'.
A residential area to the west of Station Road, near the railway station. Rohan Sturdy was an early director of Plysu, the plastics firm that once stood on this site. It moved here in 1947 from Egham. Sturdy had worked on audio systems with the RAF in WW2, and the high frequency machines he used were utilised after the war to weld PVC together, which Plysu developed into the first plastic macs. He stayed with the firm until the mid 1970’s.
Residential cul-de-sac west off Weathercock Lane.
Station Road (A5130)
The Railway arrived in 1846; previously, the continuation of the High Street after Russell Street was referred to as Newport Road. Part of the old Toll Road.
A residential area to the west of Station Road, near the railway station. James Summerlin was a Major at the War Office, and was an early director of Plysu, the plastics firm that once stood on this site. It moved here in 1947 from Egham. Summerlin went to America in WW2, working on early communications systems, and saw the light industry factories the war effort had produced. After the War, he founded the Plysu.
A residential area to the west of Station Road, near the railway station. A garage on this site, Lydbrook Garage, was once run by Aubrey Tansley. He also had a paraffin round in the local villages, and other Tansley family members ran a china shop and a grocers shop in the High Street.
Residential cul-de-sac west off Cranfield Road. Marquess of Tavistock is one of the titles in the Duke of Bedfords family.
A new development of houses, east off Station Road.
A terrace of housing west off Station Road, which was absorbed into the Plysu plastics factory site after World War II, and has now been demolished.
An ancient footpath leading from the bottom of Aspley Hill, alongside The Duke of Bedford’s Estate, to Woodside in Aspley Guise.
A long terrace of Victorian housing on the east side, thought to have been houses for the local brickworks, and the larger Leys Villas at the north end were for the foremen. Later buildings on the west, it connects Hardwick Road to Brickhill Road.
Not used much anymore, this is the area of mini-roundabouts and traffic islands at the southern end of Woburn Sands, where Woburn Road, Aspley Hill, High Street, Hardwick Road and Church road all meet. The county boundary of Beds and Bucks passes through it, leading to a lot of confusion. As so many roads meet here, it is a favourite spot for a car accident, and I recall, 25 years ago, the emergency services telephone operator equiring which side of the road the accident had occurred on, so they could send the correct county services!
Originally a tree-lined street west off Station Road, it has now lost its trees.
A modern residential cul-de-sac, south off Brickhill Road.
A modern development east off Newport Road, and connecting to Cranfield Road, named after the turnpike road. The turnpike or toll road lead from Watling Street at Hockliffe in the south, to Kingston Bridge, on the way to Newport Pagnell to the north.
Residential cul-de-sac east off Cranfield Road.
Leading east off the High Street, opposite the building which was the Vicarage until1968.
Named after the nearby Inn.
Now named after the nearby Inn, there are also references to this road as Aspley Road, but with so many similarly-named roads in the district, someone must have picked a more readily-identifiable one! Leaves Station Road and meets with Aspley Hill.
Cul-de-sac east off Church Road.
Residential lane west off Station Road.
A residential area to the west of Station Road, near the railway station. Wilkie Bliss once owned a coal merchants business on this site. A William Bliss first appears in local trade directories in 1898 as “William Bliss, coal & forage merchant, Railway station” before “Wilkie” appears in 1910. It remains as “Wilkie” until 1931, when it changes to William Henry Bliss, who continues until the end of that kind of trade directory at the outbreak of WW2.
Woburn Road (A5130)
The road southwards to Woburn. Originally the road went over a steep incline that was so sandy that it was impassable some winters. A cutting was made through the hill, and the course of the road altered again in the 1980’s to allow mining of the Bentonite (Fuller's Earth) that was under it. Part of the old Toll Road.
This residential street connects Chapel Street to Theydon Avenue. Wood Street leaves Chapel Street and runs northwards until it met the end of Fir Grove, which left southwards from Theydon Avenue. Because the respective development owners could not agree, there was, for some years, a gate across the road where they met. Later, this was removed and Fir Grove gave up its name and became an extension to Wood Street.
A dirt track leading up towards the Duke of Bedford’s woodland estate from Hardwick Road, and the location of Edgewick Farm, now being made into a community resource.
Zig Zag Lane
A dirt track turning into a footpath with steep steps from the side of St Michaels Church, on Church Road in Aspley Heath, leading down to Hardwick Road, where it comes out opposite the Library. Recorded as Zig Zag Lane in the 1881 Census, now known as Bishops Walk.
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Taxing Every American
- Even Obama’s “95%”: President Obama’s energy policies will cost Americans more money, limit their access to America’s resources, and provide little, if any, environmental benefit. It is an extreme environmental agenda.
- Climate “Revenue”: The President’s budget proposes a $646 billion cap-and-trade tax that would cost each household in America between $650 and $1,200 annually.
- Superfund: The budget would reinstate unnecessary excise taxes that expired in 1995 to fund Superfund’s efforts to clean up toxic and contaminated areas, which may be admirable if these clean-up goals weren’t already supported by strict environmental laws. New tax efforts would unfairly burden companies that produce little waste.
- Oil and Gas Taxes: The budget would collect $31 billion in new oil and gas tax revenue through a punitive repeal of tax deductions and accounting measures. These new taxes would affect Gulf of Mexico oil and gas production and impact an industry already taxed above the industrial average, which would be detrimental to increasing domestic supply.
Costly Government Spending
- Department of Energy: The DOE budget is $10 billion over the FY’09 level of $24.1 billion.
- Expanded Subsidies: DOE’s budget dramatically increases government subsidies for wind, solar, biofuels, and clean coal, distorting normal market forces and encouraging government dependence, forcing taxpayers to pay twice—once to fund the subsidies and another time with higher electric bills.
- Smart Grid: The President’s budget adds even more money to develop smart grid technology beyond the $11 billion from the stimulus bill. While upgrading the nation’s grid has a large potential value, it should be driven by the private sector.
- Yucca Mountain: Progress on building the Yucca Mountain repository would be stopped while continuing to answer NRC inquiries, allowing DOE to remain technically compliant with current law while at the same time yielding to environmental extremists on progress. This does little to resolve America’s dysfunctional system of managing spent nuclear fuel.
- Skyrocket in Flight: President Obama admitted, “Electricity rates would necessarily skyrocket” under a cap-and-trade program (January 2008).
Alternative Energy Policies
- Radical Environmentalist’s Dream: This budget will increase energy costs, including high prices at the gas pump, for all Americans to appease a small group of extreme leftist environmentalists. A recession is the wrong time for these policies.
- American Taxpayer’s Dream: Instead, President Obama should sign a budget that truly diversifies our energy sources, including domestic oil production, nuclear energy, coal, and new renewable fuels. Instead of taxing on behalf of environmentalists, the President should give all Americans relief with policies that will lower gas and electricity prices rather than raising them. When government impediments are lifted, America’s energy entrepreneurs can develop innovative and market-driven solutions to our energy needs.
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| 0.920577
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Python 101: Equality vs. Identity
Even experienced programmers find the difference subtle enough that they will introduce logic errors in their code due to a misunderstanding between the two.
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People who are new to the Python programming language can get a bit confused about the difference between
== (equality) and Python’s keyword
is (identity). I have even seen experienced programmers who will find the difference subtle enough that they will introduce logic errors in their code due to a misunderstanding between the two. In this article, we will look at this interesting topic.
Equality in Python
The Equality operator (==) is a comparison operator in Python that compare values of both the operands and checks for value equality. Whereas the ‘is’ operator is the membership operator that checks whether both the operands refer to the same object or not (present in the same memory location).
Many programming languages have the concept of equality and several use the double equals sign (
==) to designate this concept. Let's take a look at equality in action:
>>> num = 1 >>> num_two = num >>> num == num_two True
Here, we create a variable that we call
num and assign it to the integer
1. Next, we create a second variable called
num_two and assign it to the value of
num. Finally, we ask Python if
num_two are equal. In this case, Python tells us that this expression is
Another way to think of equality is that we are asking Python if two variables contain the same thing. In the example above, they both contain the integer
1. Let’s see what happens when we create two lists with the same values:
>>> list_one = [1, 2, 3] >>> list_two = [1, 2, 3] >>> list_one == list_two True
This worked out the way we expected.
Now let’s see what happens if we ask Python about their identity:
>>> num is num_two True >>> list_one is list_two False
What happened here? The first example returned
True, but the second returned
False! We will look into that in the next section.
Identity in Python
When you ask Python about whether one object is the same as another object, you are asking if they have the same identity. Are they actually the same object? In the case of
num_two, the answer is yes. Python provides an easy way to prove it via it’s built-in
>>> id(num) 10914368 >>> id(num_two) 10914368
The reason that these two variables share the same identity is because we told Python they should back when we assigned num to num_two (i.e.
num). If you come from C or C++, you can think of the identity as a pointer where num and
num_two are both pointing to the same place in memory. If you use Python’s
id() function on the two list objects, you will quickly see that they have different identities:
>>> id(list_one) 140401050827592 >>> id(list_two) 140401050827976
Thus, when you ask Python the question
list_one is list_two, you receive
False. Note that you can also ask Python if one object is not another object:
>>> list_one = [1, 2, 3] >>> list_two = [1, 2, 3] >>> list_one is not list_two True
Let’s take a moment to find out what happens when you mix equality and identity up.
Mixing It Up
I know when I was starting out as a Python programmer, these sorts of things would lead to silly mistakes. The reason is that I would see recommended statements like this one:
if obj is None: # do something call_function()
So, I would assume naively that you could do something like this:
>>> def func(): return [1, 2, 3] >>> list_one = [1, 2, 3] >>> list_two = func() >>> list_one is list_two False
Of course, that doesn’t work as I now have two different objects with different identities. What I wanted to do here was this:
>>> list_one == list_two True
Another issue that is tangential to this one is when you create two variables that point to the same object, but you think you can work on them independently of each other:
>>> list_one = list_two = [1, 2, 3] >>> list_one == list_two True >>> list_one is list_two True >>> list_two.append(5) >>> list_one [1, 2, 3, 5]
In this example, I created two variables that both pointed at one object. Then I tried adding an element to just
list_two. What a lot of beginners don’t realize is that they just added that element to
list_one as well. The reason for this is that both
list_two are pointing at the exact same object. This is proven when we asked Python is
list_one is list_two and it returned
Hopefully, by now you understand the differences between equality (
==) and identity (
is) in Python. Equality is basically just asking if the contents of the two object are the same and in the case of lists, it needs to be in the same order as well. Identity in Python refers to the object you are referring to. In Python, the identity of an object is a unique, constant integer (or long integer) that exists for the length of the object’s life.
Published at DZone with permission of Mike Driscoll, DZone MVB. See the original article here.
Opinions expressed by DZone contributors are their own.
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Determining the necessary equipment for building access can be confusing and one must decide if Access Control is the correct way to go. I will point out what benefits an access control system will give you.
What areas should I Secure?
After deciding as to why you want an Access Control System, you will ask yourself as to what assets to secure. You want to cover doors that will be used frequently. Doors that are not used frequently do not require hardware for access control unless there is are high value assets. These doors include areas such as a closet, non-critical offices, and mechanical spaces just to name a few.
Areas that Access Control is typically applied to are:
Typically exterior doors are the first to be secured. This greatly simplifies the access to your building and this also means that your staff does not require any keys, while also keeping unauthorized persons outside of all entrances except those who you specifically allow entry. Any type of Visitor will be directed to a certain area. Typically this is handled in different ways. The first is a remote scenario where the Visitors find themselves in front of an intercom in some occasions as well as in front of a camera where they can speak to a Manager or Security Staff who will then release the door and allow them entry into the facility.
In a scenario where the guests are greeted by staff usually the front door is left open or there is someone to open the door like a Door Person and then speak with someone at the Front Desk. Usually this person will give the guest a temporary ID that will double as a key to gain entry to key points of the facility.
In most cases Gates are added to access control systems. This will create a perimeter from the front door. This is great for High security locations or in areas where there is higher crime rates. It is also paired with Surveillance equipment that will allow Security to view all areas of the Property as well as any entry points at the gates.
HR and Accounting Areas:
These areas are key locations that will have sensitive information that need to be secured at all times.
Data Closets / Server Rooms:
There is an increase need for network security, access control data centers and IDF’s [Intermediate Distribution Frame]. Consider the server room is often the brains of any organization. There are specialized systems that are manufactured for security cabinets in larger or often multi-user Data Centers.
With thefts of electronic equipment being more often in schools nowadays it is best to keep the classrooms locked. Having Electromagnetic Locks or Electronic Door Strikes to keep these secure provides a lock down capability Also in emergency situations these Doors and any door that provides exit to the outdoors will go from a locked position to an unlocked position to provide anyone the ability to exit the building without the need of interacting with the system.
There are specialized locks in the market that will allow these locks to be integrated into your access control system, this is done so the access control may be added to the cabinet instead of a door that does not need access control.
Key Control Cabinets:
Many organizations will still keep keys in cabinets such as for their fleet vehicles, and other keys for cabinets etc. Often these keys are in an area where a criminal can gain access to them. Having access control on these cabinets will add an extra measure of security as well as keep a log of who has accessed the cabinet.
Forms of authentication and how many do you require?
The goal of Access Control is allowing the entry of people. To accomplish this you are required to choose how they are going to prove that they have legitimate access to gain entry. There are forms such as “Multi-factor Authentication” which is very popular among security installers. You can have your system setup where dual or triple mode authentication is needed where the users need a pin number and a card or the card and a finger print. If the two do not pass, the entrance to the location is denied. This is best since it makes it harder for the unauthorized user to gain entry. This can be inconvenient to users that misplaced their card or forgot their pin code. This will make the entry to this person a hassle each time they come in until they get a new card or a new pin code. Because of this, having multiple factor authentication will increase the overall level of security of the facility. For example condos are usually single factor, Military Bases are triple etc..
What type of lock should be used?
There are many types of locks that can be utilized for access control, all having their own application.
What Proximity Reader should be used?
The Proximity Card Readers allow users to send a request to unlock the door and they come in a variety of options.
This is a very simple form for access control. The operator need to input his or her pin code to gain entry.
There are many types of cards with their own type of encryption. Currently in the industry there are two – contact and contact-less.
Typically there are many of these readers and the most used is the Finger Print reader. There are others such as Iris, Geometry of hand and of course retina.
Whichever technology you choose to utilize, Form factor should be taken into consideration. Remember when I spoke about 3 Factor and single factor. Depending on the application is the reader that you would need. There are for example 12 inch square reader that may be positioned at the parking garage or miniature or thinner readers on aluminum door frames. Generally speaking the distance at which the card can be read increases with the size of the reader and type of card.
How are the Readers Connected?
While the readers need to be located in entry and exit points they are required to send the data back to a panel or server which will handle the data and choose what to do with it. There are a few different ways to accomplish this. Some are TCP/IP while others require a serial connection. There are others that are wireless but they are not as efficient as a hard line.
Traditional Systems will use serial connections to link up the readers to the control panel. This is the most common but technology is changing and most boards will have their own Server built into them allowing the use of your existing network.
Do I need anything else at the doors?
When adding access control one thing to consider is your local safety codes. One that stands out is the use of push to exit or for example PIR that will notify the system someone is exiting. In the US, life safety code requires that there be a means to physically break power to the magnetic lock. In some facilities this is not used, as guests or personnel are required to utilize their Proxy cards or form of ID to exit the building .
What will Power my Devices?
Power supplies are a must when designing your Access Control System. There are different ways to tackle having a centralized power supply and this method is popular as it is easier to troubleshoot, but if the power supply goes bad the entire system does too. You can implement ways to have multiple panels for different sections to help with this scenario. There is also PoE (Power over Ethernet). A lot of devices nowadays are PoE compatible where only a Category 5 cable is needed to connect the device to the network and provide it with Power to operate.
In some occasions the use of access control is going to be different, here are some that you might run into:
There are two ways to restrict access to elevators. Restricting the call button to a card. This method will call the car only when there is a valid card used. This method will utilize a single reader outside of the elevator. The second one is a reader inside of the elevator and this method will allow the user to certain floors. Once the user has presented their card or key FOB to the unit it will light the floors in which this person can access and the floors that are not will not be lit, preventing the user from going up or down to these. This requires an interface with the elevators travel cable and it also requires every floors input / output to activate and deactivate each of the buttons.
When utilizing access control in harsh environments the devices need to be explosion proof. This means that the device will not create a spark that can create an explosion. While there are many cards that are specifically designed for these environments, they are typically a reader inside of an explosion proof enclosure, readily available from electrical distributors, and easily fabricated in the field.
This is a function of certain types of access control that will allow the count of employees exiting the building via a designated reader or group of readers. This is done in case of an emergency. Security and safety staff may see how many guests or staff is still in the building. There are also specialized wireless readers that will allow a security officer to swipe or read employees or guests credentials as they reach each mustering point.
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In 1999, the people of Kosovo faced the task of rebuilding an economy destroyed by the collapse of socialism, then war. In this video, Kosovars and IMF experts discuss how they built a banking sector from scratch.
Deputy Chief Executive Officer, ProCredit Bank Kosovo
Director, Statistics Department, Central Bank of Kosovo
Governor, Central Bank of Kosovo
IMF Resident Advisor to the Central Bank of Kosovo
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| 0.884334
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Wednesday, 16 June 2010
The Construction Education and Training Authority (CETA) was established in 2000 with the primary objective of improving the skills of the South African construction industry workforce. In order to develop the training and skills in the construction industry, CETA initiated a plan of skills development projects and learnerships. This will create a pool of skilled and motivated construction workers whose skills meet and are recognised by the National Qualifications Framework (NQF).
In addition to this, CETA ensures that people who have acquired skills but do not have the required qualifications, participate in the Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) assessment process.
Learnerships are training programmes that combine theory with relevant on–the-job training. There is no learnership if there is no on-the-job training. Through a learnership, people learn all aspects of their chosen occupation by practicing under the guidance of an experienced and qualified person. (http://www.ceta.org.za) A person who successfully completes a learnership will have a qualification that signifies occupational competence and is recognised throughout the country.
In order to qualify for a learnership, students must be assessed according to standards agreed on by the various stakeholders.
CETA makes contributions to registered learnerships. In addition to learnerships, CETA funds different types of strategic initiatives. These include projects such as:
• Leaderships (inclusive of RPL, ABET, Skills Programmes, Mentorship).
• SMME Development (Entrepreneur Skills)
• Scarce Skills
• Research & Development
For more information, visit the CETA website.
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Robinson Group Monte Carlo Simulation Code
Legacy version, 05/16/12
Many of our simulations are run using an in-house Monte Carlo code designed for simulating ordering of polar molecules. We have released the code used for five of our papers published between 2010 and 2015 (DOIs: 10.1021/jp1010605, 10.1021/jp1022423, 10.1021/jp107995t, 10.1021/jp507736r, and 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b00009) under the NCSA open source license, and it is available for download here (link to the right). The package contains brief documentation and usage examples. This code is configured for one or two-component systems of dipolar spheroids and should be usable on any system with a C++ compiler and standard C++ library. It has since been superseded an improved version developed by Andreas Tillack, which is designed for general molecular systems and automated fitting of coarse-grained parameters; this code is not yet available for public release.
High Dipole Moment Organic MaterialsHow can organic chromophores be processed on a large scale to produce highly efficient semi-conducting materials?
Organic chromophores, which have high dipole moments, are becoming increasingly important in electro-optic
applications. These materials may soon replace many of the metal oxides currently used in the semiconductor
industry. Their efficiency is limited however, by the inability of materials designers to fully orient large
arrays of such chromophores, as outlined in this
paper in Science,
As part of the NSF-funded Science and Technology Center
to develop materials for information technology, we are investigating the origin of the difficulty of alignment of
these materials using Monte Carlo methods of statistical mechanics. We have theoretically explained the experimental
observation that the large dipole moments make chromophore alignment at high concentrations impossible using current
strategies. The theoretical work parallels the experimental work, as we investigate the possible improvements in
performance by embedding chromophores into dendritic materials, or attaching them to polymeric backbones. We are
currently investigating methods to overcome the dipolar interactions that make alignment a problem. We are building
EPR-active analogs of the high dipole moments chromophores to directly measure the order of these large arrays.
Membrane Binding Proteins
What are the general principles used by signaling-proteins to recognize membrane surfaces?
We have used the "Spin Relaxant EPR" method to determine the orientations of several membrane-binding proteins
to the varied membrane surfaces. We have studied bee venom Phospholipase A2 (bvPLA2), and clearly determined that
the primary attachment site is near the active site of the enzyme. This provides a physical basis for the model of
bvPLA2 action - called the "scooting model" - which states that the enzyme remains attached but moves among sites
to cut the phospholipids.
We are looking at a variety of different proteins and mutants of those proteins to determine the motifs used by
signaling-proteins to recognize membrane surfaces. The systems being examined include the distress signaling
proteins Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) (signaling production of eicosinoids and prostaglandins),
Phospholipase-C (the delta-1 isoform) (signaling calcium uptake and release), and Factor VIIIa (signaling
release of thrombin). Please see our
Docking Orientation of Bee Venom Phospholipase A2 as Determined by the Interaction of EPR
Spin Labels (Red/Blue Groups) with a Gradient of Ionic Spin Relaxants (not shown) Above the Membrane Surface.
Nucleic Acid Structures and Dynamics
What features of the structures of DNA are important in protein recognition?
In particular, the internal motions of DNA play a significant role in the energetics of DNA binding and protein
recognition. We study the modes of motion of DNA to determine the types of dynamics accessible to DNA. We have
developed a dynamic-sensitive probe that is sensitive to Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy. The
probe is covalently linked to a base pair and may be incorporated into an oligomer of DNA at will. These probes
have been used to test the theories on elasticity, and determine the dependence of DNA flexibility on base
composition and sequence. To read more about how we determine the fundamental dynamic properties, please read our
from April, 2002.
We are using EPR and the spin labels to probe the structures of RNA, such as the TAR binding site, at a variety
of spin labeled sites and comparing the relative changes in dynamics of the spin probes when binding, by proteins
such as the TAT protein. See the articles in JACS, 2001, and 2002.
Single turn of duplex DNA wherein the base pairs have differntial flexibility dependening on
where a modification has been made in which a phosphate group (carrying a -1 charge) has been replaced by a
methylphosponate group which is uncharged.
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SOURCES: Sean Esteban McCabe, Ph.D., research faculty chair and professor, Institute for Research on Women and Gender, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Andrew Adesman, M.D., chief, developmental and behavioral pediatrics, Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, New Hyde Park; June 2016, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
FRIDAY, July 15, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Parents often worry that their children who take stimulants to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be at higher risk for substance abuse later.
Now, a surprising new study finds that risk was actually lower when medicines such as Ritalin and Adderall were started earlier and taken longer.
"Most notably, the risk of substance use in adolescents who had been treated at an earlier age and for a longer duration with stimulant ADHD medications was the same as for the general population of children," said study leader Sean Esteban McCabe. He is research faculty chair at the University of Michigan Institute for Research on Women and Gender.
"The study found that the odds of reporting any substance use were over two times more likely among individuals who reported later onset [age 15 or older] and shorter duration [two years or less] of prescription stimulant medication therapy for ADHD as compared to those who initiated early [age 9 or younger] and for longer duration [six years or more]," McCabe said.
The researchers evaluated more than 40,000 high school seniors, including more than 3,500 who were prescribed stimulant medication for ADHD and 1,300 who were prescribed non-stimulant medicine.
The researchers gathered information on medication use and whether or not the teens had engaged in binge drinking, cigarette smoking, marijuana or cocaine use.
"Later initiation of stimulant medication for ADHD, shorter duration of use, and the use of non-stimulant medication for ADHD were all associated with increased substance use during adolescence," McCabe said.
But the study can't prove cause and effect, the researchers said.
According to background information in the study, nearly one in eight high school seniors in the United States has used stimulant or non-stimulant medication for ADHD. Medication can help with the symptoms of ADHD, a brain disorder marked by hyperactivity, impulsivity and lack of attention.
While the new findings might seem counterintuitive, McCabe said the results actually reinforce the importance of early detection of ADHD and continuous treatment.
"Some experts have asserted that early detection and appropriate medication management may decrease core ADHD symptoms, such as impulsivity, and may promote adaptive behavior that could reduce substance use and substance use disorders later in life," he said.
Another pediatrics expert agreed.
"This study provides parents and physicians with further reassuring evidence that prescribing stimulant medications to grade-school children with ADHD is not associated with an increased risk of later substance use at age 18," said Dr. Andrew Adesman, chief of developmental and behavioral pediatrics at Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, in New Hyde Park.
"Although some parents have expressed the fear that Ritalin and other stimulant medications could be 'gateway drugs' that put children with ADHD at even greater risk for later substance abuse problems, this well-designed analysis of a large national sample clearly shows that this is not the case," Adesman added.
While it could be possible that some of the children using the stimulant drugs later were experimenting and did not actually have ADHD, McCabe said that information was beyond the scope of the study. The findings do suggest that precautions are needed when prescribing ADHD medicines for older teens, including an assessment of substance use history and ongoing monitoring, he said.
Parents can do much to reduce the risk of substance abuse by their kids, McCabe said. If they suspect ADHD, getting their child checked out early can help get them the treatment they need. Parents can also be good role models in the use of their medicines, he said.
The study was published in the June issue of the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
To learn more about ADHD, visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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The Vatican on Saturday lauded US President Barack Obama’s initiatives to curb gun violence in the US in the wake of last month’s elementary-school massacre in Newtown, Connecticut.
“The initiatives announced by the American administration to restrict and control the proliferation and use of arms is certainly a step in the right direction,” Vatican spokesman Federico Lombardi said in his weekly radio address.
“Certainly, no one can delude themselves into thinking that it would be enough to limit the number and use [of guns] to prevent horrific killings like those in Newtown in the future, but it would be much worse if it was just talk,” he said on Vatican Radio.
Lombardi added that 47 religious leaders of different faiths in the US have called on lawmakers to agree on limiting the spread of firearms.
The Jesuit priest also urged countries worldwide to join in the fight against “the production, trade, smuggling of all firearms,” which he said was powered by dirty economic interests and power.
On Wednesday, Obama signed 23 executive orders to stem a rash of gun violence and called on the US Congress to enshrine enduring reforms into law, including renewing and bolstering a ban on assault weapons and closing loopholes that permit 40 percent of gun sales to take place without background checks.
He particularly asked for the banning of assault weapons and high-capacity magazines, like those used to kill 20 children and six adults in the massacre in Newtown last month.
Prominent Republicans rejected Obama’s plan out of hand, accusing him of attacking the right to bear arms enshrined in the Second Amendment to the US Constitution.
The powerful pro-gun group, the National Rifle Association, has dismissed Obama’s plans, saying they merely attack law-abiding gun owners.
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New Delhi: To one of India’s most famous gurus, yoga isn’t just about postures, exercise and meditation: It can also boost economic growth and “cure” homosexuality.
Baba Ramdev, who says his foundation earns Rs.2,000 crore ($313 million) a year selling traditional products, will help Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Sunday set a world record for the most people doing yoga in one place. The event will mark the first United Nations-backed International Day of Yoga.
“The previous government hadn’t given much importance to yoga,” Ramdev, known for his orange robes and thick black beard, said by phone this week. “Modi garnered support from 177 countries, including 47 Muslim nations. Because of yoga, India’s esteem has increased.”
Modi is showcasing the event as one of national prestige: Some 35,000 people will perform yoga in the center of India’s capital. Similar gatherings will take place across the globe, including one at the United Nations in New York City led by foreign minister Sushma Swaraj, who has called yoga “the soft power of India.”
“India speaks and the whole world listens,” Swaraj told reporters this month. “The 21st of June to be declared as the International Day of Yoga is a clear-cut example of that.”
In some ways, India is pushing to reclaim an ancient practice that has been turned into a lucrative market in the West. Yoga pants are increasingly supplanting jeans as the suburban apparel of choice in the US, hurting retailers like Levi’s and J. Crew, Barclays Plc analysts wrote in February.
India’s “wellness” sector, which includes naturopathy, yoga and ayurveda, accounted for less than 2% of the global $2 trillion industry, according to a 2013 report. The domestic industry is dominated by small businesses that produce pain balms, health foods and massage therapies.
Ramdev’s powerful following is one reason Modi is giving him a platform. The guru says more than one billion people across the globe watch his television programmes, which are broadcast to far-flung villages in the nation of 1.2 billion people.
He uses that media presence to sell everything from shaving cream to cow urine tablets to herbal remedies for infertility, cancer and hair loss. He says all the profits from his sales of ayurvedic medicines go to charity, including camps to provide free yoga to the masses.
He said using yoga to cure diseases like asthma and hepatitis would save as much as 10 trillion rupees a year in costs on medicine — or roughly 80% of the total pharmaceutical market in Asia, Africa and Australia. Productivity gains from yoga can also boost economic growth to 10% a year, he said, up from about 7.3% now.
‘Wrong sexual practices’
Ramdev is no stranger to controversy. He said yoga can help “stop wrong sexual practices” like homosexuality, espousing a common view in the mostly Hindu nation. An Indian court in 2013 upheld a law passed in the 1800s that criminalizes gay sex in a setback for homosexual rights.
“Homosexuality can be cured through yoga,” Ramdev said. “This will return a man towards natural sexual behaviour.”
For the most part, Modi’s administration has steered clear of controversy in pushing Yoga Day, emphasizing that it’s about health instead of religion. That has minimized criticism apart from a smattering of minority Muslim groups and opponents who see it as a waste of resources.
Even so, the projection of Ramdev on Yoga Day reflects the political shift since Modi’s “somewhat right-wing Hindu-based” Bharatiya Janata Party took power last year, said SL Rao, chairman of the Institute of Social and Economic Change in Bengaluru. He called Ramdev’s views on homosexuality “stupid,” while also acknowledging his importance to yoga in India.
“Which other yoga teacher is so well known?” he said. “Look at that body — he has a great body. Even my mouth waters.” Bloomberg
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How to Create a Legacy of Leaders in Your BusinessSep 11, 2021
Guiding team members is a fine balance between deciding what I am responsible for and figuring out what they are responsible for. Additionally, when I’m training company leaders, it’s important they understand what their responsibilities are and what my expectations of them are. I spend a lot of time helping, training, and developing leaders because my company will only be able to grow as big as the leadership team I develop. One of the major principles of our company is developing a legacy of leaders.
Two Leadership Types that Hinder the Balance
On the far end of the spectrum is the leader who takes all the credit when good things happen, but often blames others and fails to take responsibility for his/her own mistakes or those of the department(s) he is responsible for. This doesn’t necessarily mean the person is a bad leader, it typically means the person lacks self-confidence. When this happens, it’s important you take the time to coach the leader. A great leader owns up to mistakes in their department, even if they were not the ones directly responsible for the mistakes happening. A great leader also shares praise, often stepping completely out of the limelight, when successes are rewarded and recognized.
At the other end of the spectrum is the person who thinks everything is their responsibility. These leaders tend to micromanage because they want to make sure everything is done their way. They often try to take on responsibilities outside of their department or pick up roles from others based on their desire to make sure things are done. This leader also needs coaching because their over-assertiveness can hinder the productivity of their team, bring other leaders down, and lead to burnout.
In between, there are the amazing leaders who manage to balance both sides of the spectrum well. They are good at delegating tasks to the team members they are helping to grow because they recognize that by sharing responsibility, they also help develop the leaders under them. They are also good at taking responsibility when things go wrong and doling out praise to their team when things go right. These are the superstar leaders in any company, and it is the type of leader I strive to develop within my companies.
The Leadership Responsibility of the Owner
As the business owner, my responsibility is to provide the skills, tools, and coaching needed so that others can take complete responsibility for themselves and their departments. This can best be done through coaching beliefs, not behaviors, which I will address in a future article. I also believe it’s my responsibility to take 100% responsibility for all actions that take place in my company, to delegate properly, and to carry out the promises I make to my team members.
I hope you find this helpful in building your own legacy of leaders.
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Sevdet Besim was arrested in Melbourne last year when he was 18 and accused of planning to run down police officers with a car, behead them and then shoot other people at an April 25 Anzac Day parade for Australia’s soldiers.
He pleaded guilty to one charge of “doing an act in preparation for or planning a terrorist act”, a Supreme Court of Victoria spokeswoman told AFP, which carries a maximum sentence of life in prison.
A British boy, who was 14 when accused of masterminding the plot via encrypted messages with Besim from his home in northern England, became his country’s youngest person convicted of terrorism when sentenced to five years in jail last year.
Australian prosecutors have alleged Besim also had online conversations about using the kangaroo during an attack.
“They have a general discussion around animals and wildlife in Australia including a suggestion that a kangaroo could be packed with C4 explosive, painted with the IS (Islamic State) symbol and set loose on police officers,” the Australian Broadcasting Corporation reported, citing court documents.
Canberra has been increasingly concerned about home-grown extremism and raised the terror threat alert level to high in September 2014.
Authorities have conducted a series of counter-terrorism raids in various cities, while the government has passed new national security laws.
Besim is due back in court in August.
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'strip' documentation for beginners <g>
daniel.rawson.take!this!out! at asml.nl
Tue Mar 4 13:47:02 CET 2003
Alex Martelli wrote:
> Dan Rawson wrote:
>>The documentation for string.strip states that it can take an optional
>>second parameter, but it doesn't appear to work:
> If it states that, that's a but in the documentation, I think. The
> strip method of strings DOES (at least in 2.2.2, I don't think that
> worked in 2.2.1) -- but string.strip exists basically only for
> backwards compatibility, thus it's reasonable to avoid enhancing
> it with new features such as the optional "what am I stripping"
> alex at lancelot bin]$ python2.2
> Python 2.2.2 (#1, Oct 24 2002, 11:43:01)
> [GCC 2.96 20000731 (Mandrake Linux 8.2 2.96-0.76mdk)] on linux2
> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
> TypeError: strip() takes exactly 1 argument (2 given)
Thanks . . . . I couldn't find anything about it in the 2.2.2 release notes, but maybe I missed it.
More information about the Python-list
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Southwark Council victimises survivors of domestic violence
Monday, May 2, 2016
In January, a woman who we’ll refer to as ‘S’ escaped with her three children from the home that she was sharing with her abusive husband. After years of physical, sexual, financial and psychological abuse, S’s household had become a place so unsafe that she actively avoided being alone when her husband was around. After a recent incident of physical abuse, S took her children and sought help from Southwark Council. As a mother of three young children fleeing an abusive relationship S has the right to secure and stable housing, a place where she can find respite from the suffering and the hardship that her and her family have endured.
However, although Southwark Council initially provided S with temporary accommodation, they soon rescinded their support. They sent a letter to S stating that “it is reasonable for you to continue to occupy your accommodation (with your husband)” and that “we are not satisfied that your continued occupation of the property would lead to any further domestic abuse towards you”. This is the place that S had fled only a month before; a place where, in the final months before escaping, she had slept in the living room with the couch pressed against the door to prevent her husband from coming in at night to molest her.
The fact that Southwark Council believe this house is an acceptable place for S to live is a disgusting example of their failure to provide a safety net for survivors seeking to live a life free from fear. Their message to these women is clear: we don’t believe you and this isn’t our problem.
Currently, councils have a duty to house people who are homeless due to experiencing domestic violence if they are a UK citizen or eligible for support (i.e. can access benefits), are pregnant or have children, or are care leavers or under 18. Additionally, councils should take into account any vulnerabilities a person presents with, such as a mental health condition or having an experience of domestic violence. Many councils choose to overlook the additional vulnerability someone has after experiencing domestic violence when it comes to coping with homelessness.
Furthermore, women fleeing domestic violence, unlike other categories of homeless people, have the right to present at any local authority in the country to make a homeless application – precisely because the nature of domestic violence means that it may not be safe to stay in your borough of origin. However, Southwark has introduced an internal policy which contradicts this by refusing to accept homeless applications from people with no local connection to the borough.
It is clear that Southwark do not take domestic violence seriously and do not believe it is their responsibility to intervene, support survivors and hold perpetrators accountable for abuse. Just a few months ago, Southwark Councillor Dan Garfield was found guilty of abusing his wife. Worryingly, Southwark Council had been aware of the abuse perpetrated by him and even after his first police caution for assaulting his wife, was promoted to a position of authority within Labour in Southwark. Southwark Council have since defended this decision stating they “felt it was right to allow those involved to deal with this as a private family matter”.
Domestic violence is not a private matter: the anti-violence movement was founded in order to challenge this antiquated and harmful notion that violence against women that happens within a relationship should not be a public issue. In reality, we know that intimate partner violence often intersects with, and is reinforced by, harmful state practices and policies such as denying women safe housing when they need to leave an abusive relationship. Councils must take responsibility for providing safe housing and suitable support services for survivors.
With S’s case, Southwark Council have decided this is not a matter of domestic abuse but merely a “relationship breakdown”. In a letter written to S., Southwark write that “relationship breakdowns are commonplace and naturally it is difficult for parties involved to communicate and live together when their relationship is strained – however this does not render the tenancy unreasonable for your continued occupation”.
We can see then that even where women fleeing violence do meet the eligibility criteria for being housed, councils can simply decide they do not have a duty towards them by claiming that the relationship the woman has left was not abusive. This perpetuates a dangerous message to survivors: you will not be believed, so do not bother to disclose to anyone.
Sisters Uncut call for Southwark Council to urgently review their treatment of domestic violence survivors.
Homeless assessment teams currently have very little training on how to recognise domestic abuse; in S’s case, this meant her relationship has “not been deemed as domestic violence” in spite of her own account of the abuse and several third-party supporting documents (such as police references and a letter from a domestic violence agency). Rather than support S, the council have treated her with suspicion. Her words have been purposefully distorted to suggest her relationship was not actually abusive. By refusing to believe S’s account of her own abuse, Southwark have effectively chosen to take the side of S’s abuser, and their disturbing gaslighting tactics reflect those employed by her ex partner.
Housing Action Southwark and Lambeth (HASL) and Sisters Uncut are coming together to shed light on Southwark’s mistreatment of domestic violence survivors. We demand secure and stable housing for all survivors of domestic violence who desperately need housing to flee an abusive relationship.
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CHECK OUT THIS STIMULANT FREE WEIGHT LOSS SUPPLEMENT
Obesity Is a Bit of a Buzz Word in Modern Societies
Obesity is the condition that occurs when a person eats more energy than they use. When we consume more energy than we burn, our body stores the excess as fat.Fat, Big, Humongous
Fat, big, humongous, huge, it goes by different terms but it basically refers to one and the same thing Obesity. What is obesity? OK, we know this term has been around for quite a significant period of time for everyone not to know what it is.Diet, Support, And More: How to Prepare for Weight Loss Surgery
Weight loss surgery may be an effective way to gain back your active life. Before undergoing this procedure, learn about how to prepare for it.Is Your Work Environment Making You Fat?
Scientists have found yet another way we get fat and overweight – as if there weren’t enough already. It seems that if we are exposed to environmental light for long enough (the kind we get in the modern offices, work spaces and homes) it can trigger our bodies into becoming less efficient at burning energy, with the inevitable result of storing more fat.Top Home Remedies for Obesity
We live in the world of abnormalities; here Obesity can be termed as a disease. Obesity & overweight that eventually turns into an obsession can be a great hindrance in the way of enjoying life. Even people are dying by suffering from this illness. It enhances the chance that heart disease, diabetes, and high blood pressure might affect you. However, the good news is it can be procurable. Naturally, people will always go for easy solutions to avoid complex surgeries & bitter medicines. Let’s have a glimpse on some home remedies for this concerning problem –Obesity: Silently Fuels Complicated and High-Risk Diseases
Many people have huge concerns regarding obesity, particularly a cosmetic or lifestyle, but, really – the actual concern should have to be the health problems it makes an individual prone to. In a nutshell – being obese means you are most likely to have complicated health problems. Therefore, take obesity as a very serious health concern, otherwise your life would be at stake.Is Obesity Surgery The Solution To Your Weight Woes?
Now a major public health crisis in America, obesity is one of the nation’s leading killers. Far more effective than dieting or even exercise, obesity surgery offers a permanent solution to the battle of the bulge.Three Types Of Obesity Surgery
Are you considering obesity surgery? Read about the three most popular weight-loss procedures in this article.Tips To Prevent Obesity
Obesity is no laughing matter, and can cause serious health problems including heart disease, diabetes, and depression. However, there are some simple tips to prevent obesity.Lifestyle Changes to Overcome Obesity
Obesity has reached epic proportions world over. It is a condition wherein your calorie intake is way higher than the number of calories you burn, and is often caused by factors such as a sedentary lifestyle, poor eating habits and lack of sleep, among others.Why Obesity Is NOT the Problem
It’s no secret; for the past several decades we have been bombarded with many studies indicating that obesity is the biggest health epidemic we deal with in America. We have also been told that obesity greatly increases the risk for degenerative diseases like heart failure, diabetes, and cancer. THIS IS NOT ENTIRELY TRUE! When these studies were released, the only factors they looked at were weight and Body Mass Index (BMI). People are easily enamored with these figures but in reality, they do not tell you very much.We Are A Society Which Likes Apportion Blame, Who Do You Blame For the State Of Your Health?
In our society when things go wrong we always look for someone else to blame. This tendency is also becoming increasingly apparent when it comes to obesity and health. We blame the Government, the education system, the food industry. The question is, will this approach ever get us anywhere? Maybe it is time to stand on our own two feet and take responsibility for ourselves!What to Know When Considering Bariatric Surgery
Bariatric surgery is a big decision, but in many cases, it helps people lose weight and reduce or reverse weight-related health risks. There are a few indicators to help you determine if you are a candidate for surgery, and if you are, when you should consider scheduling a procedure.Three Things You Need to Know Before Bariatric Surgery
Bariatric surgery or weight loss surgery can impact your life in a number of ways. Before you decide if this procedure is right for you, it’s important to know the facts.Kill Belly Fat: The Enzyme Method
Enzymes are an important piece of the nutritional puzzle. They break down our food and turn it into energy, vitamins, and nutrients. This article examines the importance of enzymes in reducing debilitating, unsightly belly fat.
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Above Furi (1,953 m), about 30 minutes’ walk from the cable car station, the Dossen glacier garden shows the effects of the last ice age on the landscape. The retreating Gorner Glacier, the second-largest in the Alps, has revealed a variety of glacier mills: rock cauldrons eroded by meltwater from the glacier. As the water flowed through crevasses to the bed of the glacier, it gathered into torrents and formed whirlpools with speeds of up to 200 km/h, which scoured cylindrical cavities in the rock.
The site is also home to the remains of a soapstone quarry. The stone is soft and easily worked, and was popular for making crockery and the ornate ovens that can still be admired in the living rooms of many houses in the upper Valais.
30 minutes’ walk from Furi cable car station
Circular walk via suspension footbridge (90 m above the ground, 100 m long)
Barbecue sites close by
Soapstone crockery and tools for working soapstone on display at Zermatlantis, the Matterhorn Museum
Soapstone oven on view in the dining room of the Beau Site hotel
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Church demolition stirs defiance
Congregation vows to fight on
Members of a Protestant congregation in West Java have vowed legal action and to mark Holy Week as best they can, following the demolition of their church by authorities last week.
About 400 members of the Batak Protestant Church (HKBP) in Setu, Bekasi district, were forced to attend Sunday worship in a field at the weekend.
“We will keep holding prayers, including on Good Friday and Easter Sunday, outside our demolished church,” Reverend Torang Parulian Simanjuntak, a pastor at the church said on Monday.
He questioned the legality of the demolition and called for an explanation by local authorities as to why the bulldozers were sent in.
“We will file a lawsuit soon against the Bekasi district administration,” he said.
However a local government official said last week, before the demolition took place, that renovation work started last October to enlarge the church was illegal and that action would be taken.
The demolition on Thursday was the latest incident in a long-running dispute between the church and local authorities over a building permit for the structure.
Local authorities say the church was built illegally in 1999 without a permit and that an application submitted 12 years later in 2011 was invalid.
Authorities say the application lacked the required number of signatures from local Muslims approving the structure.
In Indonesian law 60 signatures are required in order to qualify for a building permit.
“We got 85 signatures from villagers but the village head said only 12 were valid. We, again, collected 89 signatures, but this time the village head said only 44 were valid,” Simanjuntaksaid.
“We see that this was an effort taken by the village head to ignore what is written in the law,” he added.
The director of the Jakarta Legal Aid Agency, Febi Yonesta, says the local authorities have a case to answer.
The district government ignored the law, he said. “A building cannot be demolished if a building permit application is in process. The district government must facilitate the construction of worship places instead of making it difficult.”
Deprivation may turn into frustration making it is easy for some Rohingya to accept extreme ideologies
To engage in ecumenical dialogue means confronting the social evils of caste, communalism, gender discrimination and violence
Some 400 churches will get together to clean stagnant water where dengue-carrying mosquitoes breed
Several churches and organizations united to face down attacks on Christians in an atmosphere of political upheaval
Delegates of World Apostolic Congress attend inauguration of 38 meter figure
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Agrarismo y ordenación del territorio en el siglo XIX: del poblamiento racional al fomento de la población rural
Rights accessOpen Access
The debate on the origins and nature of applied geography and regional planning appears to be stated in analogous terms to the birth of modern urbanism. Not only utopian intellectuals but also “civil servants” have meditated on the rural environment and the possibility of its utilization for economic or socio-political ends. The search for regional balance, and, in general, the quest for spatial order present in agronomical discussion since the eighteenth century can be considered to be the origins of such meditation. New reform policies applied in Spanish agriculture in the nineteenth century mark the beginning of a process of definition of the rural environment as a prerequesite for its control. This process is achieved through the production of statistical, medica1 and legal documents and topographies in which the understanding of spatially organized statistics is closely related to regional planning hypotheses. In nineteenth century Spanish agrarianism, the preocupation with the problem of the distribution of rural population stands out. Jovellano's ideal of “rational settlement” which, as in Rousseau's theory, was associated with an anti-urban focus and regional balance, is replaced, in the second half of the nineteenth century, by Fermin Caballero's ideas on the enouragement of rural settlement. Cabellero's is a much more productive point of view, an attempt to impose homogeneous order in the entire region by means of individual farm units, possesing contiguous properties (“coto redondo acasarado”) and the total dispersion of the rural population. This “regional model” formed part of a project which aimed at the uniform valuing of the rural environment by means of the homogeneous distribution of population, infraestructures and “service” elements.
CitationMonclus, F. Agrarismo y ordenación del territorio en el siglo XIX: del poblamiento racional al fomento de la población rural. "Documents d'anàlisi geogràfica", Gener 1984, núm. 4, p. 143-156.
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In 1992, anyone foolhardy enough to utter the words “constitutional change” would have risked a trip to a mental health facility for observation.
After former prime minister Brian Mulroney’s two failed attempts at constitutional compromise — the Meech Lake and Charlottetown accords — the country had had enough. That sentiment persisted through Jean Chrétien’s administration and into the first decade of the 21st century.
But this is 2011.
According to a recent poll, Canadians are willing to reopen that can of worms. Why? Mainly because they’re eager to see something done about the country’s unaccountable, unelected Senate.
And so is Stephen Harper. The newly mandated leader of a Conservative majority has put Senate reform on the top of his to-do list. Not too surprising, as he is under pressure to justify his own partisan appointments. (His new Senate majority already killed a climate change bill that had been passed by elected politicians.)
While some favour abolishing the Senate altogether, advocates for a reformed Senate appear to have the upper hand. But the how and why are both very tangly.
First, the why.
Simply put, it’s because we live
in a representative democracy. Anachronisms like the British House of Lords — on which the Senate was largely based — have no place in modernity.
But there is another reason for reform that presents a whole other raft of problems.
The Senate was structured to respond to regional interests — as opposed to provincial, federal or purely population-based agendas. By 1915, the allotment of senators was apportioned equally according to four regions — the Maritimes, Ontario, Quebec and the West.
The intent was to afford an extra voice for regions that have (or at least had) a separate and distinct political identity before Confederation.
When Newfoundland entered Canada, it was allotted six senators, the same as British Columbia. Although B.C. has considerably more people, its senatorial power exists only in the context of the western region as a whole.
In his 2007 paper “The Senate of Canada and the Conundrum of Reform,” Saskatchewan professor David E. Smith cites countless references to emphasize the goal early Canadian leaders had in mind for the Senate.
For example, a 1913 memorandum on the Maritime provinces stressed: “Representation by population, while accepted as a guiding principle in fixing the representation of each province in the Dominion parliament, was intended to be made subservient to the right of each colony to adequate representation in view of its surrender of a large measure of self-government.”
Subservient? That’s certainly a far cry from the useless appendage many consider the Senate to be today.
This, in fact, is where the excrement hits the wind turbine.
The gradual diminishment of proportional representation is a major bone of contention in provinces that have experienced population growth. Electoral
ridings in sparsely populated provinces such as Newfoundland are often larger in size but much less densely populated.
An elected, more accountable Senate based on anything other than raw vote count would not likely fly with populous provinces such as Ontario and Quebec.
In fact, Ontario Premier Dalton McGuinty wants to abolish the Senate. And Quebec has already vowed it will challenge through the courts any attempt by Harper to unilaterally tinker with the upper chamber.
As the Senate is a core Canadian institution, it will almost certainly entail a constitutional amendment, requiring assent of two-thirds of the provinces representing at least 50 per cent of the population.
On the surface, a more regionally based power structure in Ottawa appears as a good thing for Newfoundland and Labrador. But hopes of achieving more than the status quo may prove to be little more than a pipe dream.
One thing is certain. With battle lines already drawn, Senate reform is poised to make Meech Lake look like a tea party.
Peter Jackson is The Telegram’s
commentary editor. He can be contacted by email at firstname.lastname@example.org.
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Phillips v. Page
Annotate this Case
65 U.S. 164 (1860)
- Syllabus |
U.S. Supreme Court
Phillips v. Page, 65 U.S. 24 How. 164 164 (1860)
Phillips v. Page
65 U.S. (24 How.) 164
In a patent taken out by Page for certain improvements in the construction of the portable circular saw mill, he claimed the manner of affixing and guiding the circular saw by allowing end play to its shaft, in combination with the means of guiding it the saw by friction rollers, embracing it near its periphery, so as to leave its center entirely unchecked laterally.
An instruction by the court below that the claim was as stated above, but adding "in a saw mill capable of being applied to the sawing of ordinary logs," was erroneous.
Although the improvements of the patentee may have enabled the machine to be applied to the purpose of sawing logs, when before it was applied only to the purpose of sawing light materials such as shingles and blinds for windows, yet there is nothing in the patent to distinguish the new parts of the machine from the old or to state those parts which he had invented so as to enable the machine to saw logs.
The patent law does not require the defendant to give notice of the time when any person may have possessed the knowledge or use of the invention in question, but only of the name of the person and of his place of residence, and the place where it has been used.
An instruction of the court below making the time material was therefore erroneous.
The principal question related to the construction of Page's patent for improvements in the construction of a portable circular saw mill, the circumstances of which are stated in the opinion of the Court. Under the instructions of the court below, the jury found a verdict for Page, with $50 damages and $466.14 costs. The bills of exception are stated in the opinion of the Court.
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By Mashingaidze Gomo
AT a time when the Western world is wishing Zimbabwe dead, Zim-ASSET, has been proposed, essentially to assign the responsibility of Zimbabwe’s economic revival to indigenous Zimbabweans and not foreign investors.
Skeptics are arguing that it is just another political gimmick; a document destined for the political dust-bin.
Zim-ASSET comes after black people who have, for centuries, been relentlessly abused by vindictive racist Western nations emphatically voted for a party (ZANU PF) which Western media vigorously campaigned against for over a decade.
More critically, Zim-ASSET comes after a Government of National Unity that conversely turned out to be, a government of national disunity.
One party (ZANU PF) took, by ginya or jambanja, the land without which the economy of Zimbabwe could be repossessed by black Zimbabweans.
The other party – MDC(s) – ironically assigned responsibility for Zimbabwe’s economic recovery to those who have (since 1890) fought tooth and nail to exclude black Zimbabweans from the same economy.
And, this was notwithstanding that there is no historical precedence of slave masters who ever armed themselves ‘against themselves’ to liberate the slaves upon whom their own livelihood had been founded.
This is also notwithstanding that history is replete with slaves who hoped in vain that their racist masters would one day develop enough conscience to see real human beings in black people.
The same party argued that if black people took back their land as a means to take over an economy from which they were racially excluded, the economy – that already did not belong to them – would collapse.
Among the skeptics of land reform and now, Zim-ASSET, there was and still is no recognition that the guerrilla liberation war was itself not waged to strengthen the economy that sustained the Rhodesian war effort.
It was to weaken it in order to destroy the enemy’s capacity to fight. And, it is a pity that there is still no recognition (among the skeptics) that compulsory acquisition of land from racist settlers for equitable re-distribution to black people was not embarked on to strengthen an economy that exclusively belonged to white people and consequently served Western interests.
The essence of land reform was to create a new indigenous economy that would not serve white interests.
In that set-up, Zim-ASSET comes as a perfect sequel to black empowerment through e quitable land re-distribution.
Even the West’s illegal-sanctions-reaction to land reform in Zimbabwe was obvious and the intended result was to weaken the black Government’s capacity to sustain the black empowerment initiative and nip the intended black owned economy in the bud.
The US Congress did not enact the MDC authored Zimbabwe Democracy and Economic Recovery Act to guarantee the success of black economic empowerment but rather, the recovery of an exclusive white-owned economy.
And, what this means is that Zim-ASSET stands on slippery ground, unless interrogated from the correct and self-evident historical perspective of the armed liberation struggle; unless there is introspective realisation that we are our own liberators; unless there is complete and honest realisation that beautiful documents are not mantras that create their own results.
Zim-ASSET simply means that Black Zimbabweans must take full responsibility to liberate themselves.
It means that Black Zimbabweans must learn to think of the liberation struggle as a paradigm that makes independence incomplete if it is only political and not social, economic, cultural or otherwise.
The October 1975 Mgagao Declaration comes to mind, and perhaps now, more than any other time, is the time to invoke it.
Chairman Chitepo had been assassinated in March of that year.
In April, Comrade Robert Mugabe had crossed into Mozambique to provide ‘involved leadership’ to the armed liberation struggle.
In Zambia, the host government had imprisoned the ZANU leadership of the armed struggle on allegations that Chitepo’s assassination had been an internal tribal power struggle.
In Tanzania, a consignment of arms donated by China for the liberation struggle was being held by the host government while 60 ZANLA military instructors lay idle, waiting for the situation to change.
In newly independent Mozambique, thousands of recruits were awaiting training.
And interestingly, it was the same time David Coltart volunteered his services to the racist Rhodesian terrorist forces to maintain a colonial law and order that held black people down for exploitation by his white kith and kin.
This is the background to the Mgagao Declaration, and its relevance to Zim-ASSET is that the mere sitting down to craft it by ZANLA was a definition of a willingness to take responsibility for their own liberation.
The following quotations define this stance:
“After a careful, deep and analytical study of the current situation in the Zimbabwe Liberation Movement in particular and the Zimbabwe revolution in general, we, as the people who have vowed to sacrifice our very lives for the liberation of our fatherland, wish to make our feelings and standpoint unequivocally clear ….
“We, the freedom fighters will do the fighting, and, nobody under heaven has the power to deny us the right to die for our country.
“We vowed to fight for our fatherland and the bloodshed in the struggle to liberate our fatherland is ours and strongly not anybody else’s.
But the most critical relevance of Mgagao to Zim-ASSET is born by the statement: “An Executive Member who has been outstanding is Robert Mugabe.
“He has demonstrated this by defying the rigours of guerrilla life in the jungles of Mozambique.
“Since we respect him most, in all our dealings with the ANC leadership, he is the only person who can act as a middle man.
“We will not accept any direct discussions with any of the three leading members of the ANC we have described above (Abel Muzorewa, Ndabaningi Sithole and James Chikerema).
“We can only talk through Robert Mugabe to them.
“If the OAU, the Tanzania and Mozambique governments cannot do anything to support the armed struggle in Zimbabwe, we shall kindly request to be deported back to Zimbabwe where we shall start from throwing stones.
“The fighting skill is already here, the weapons we shall get from the enemy, and food we shall get from our masses of the people who have always supported our armed struggle.
“We just cannot afford to stand and stare at the Smith regime and allied forces of reaction whittle away every ounce of the rights of the people of Zimbabwe.
“If we cannot live as free men, we rather choose to die as free men.”
SIGNED BY ZANLA OFFICERS AT MGAGAO (October 1975).
After the Mgagao Declaration, the liberation struggle was prosecuted to the victorious end and today, the lesson of it is that it is not the document that will make Zim-ASSET a success.
It is the spirit at Mgagao; the preparedness that nothing under heaven could stop the fighters from dying for the fatherland.
The preparedness of particular leadership to endure the rigours of guerrilla life … to be one with the supporting masses through thick and thin.
Is today’s leadership prepared to relinquish outrageous privileges and descend to ‘civil servants’ status in order to make Zim-ASSET work?
For the abridged version of the Mgagao Declaration, see page 27.
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The EDARA Group partners with Knowledge Hub to bring TechnoKids Computer Curriculum to children in Kuwait. Surekha Kembhavi, Managing Director of Knowledge Hub in United Arab Emirates was pleased to make the announcement yesterday, “It gives me immense pleasure to announce that Knowledge Hub has signed a sub franchise for TechnoKids in Kuwait.”
The EDARA Group was formed in 2008. It provides companies and individuals with management solutions, career development, and training to increase their business value. In addition, the EDARA Group organizes events for children including summer camps and clubs. Within its strategic plan, EDARA group is building a new K-12 Education business line concerned with quality and education for the future. This business line was established by one of EDARA’s founders, Mona Bughaith, the Executive manager, and supported by Hind AL Subeeh, its General Manager. These two ladies chose TechnoKids to be the beginning of this business line.
TechnoKids’ innovative technology projects are a great way for the EDARA group to expand their business to offer diverse and creative services. The TechnoKids technology projects provide real world simulations to teach technology skills. The focus on project-based learning is what attracted Hind AL Subeeh, to want to use TechnoKids Computer Curriculum, “I like the business-oriented themes that are part of the TechnoKids projects. Students assume the role of a professional in the workplace such as an entrepreneur, investor, web designer, or travel agent. I believe that learning technology skills in this way help prepare youth for the future.”
Scott Gerard, founder of TechnoKids Inc. is happy to welcome Hind AL Subeeh and her entire team to the TechnoKids family. Scott Gerard commented on the growth of the company, “I began TechnoKids seventeen years ago when I saw there was a need to prepare children for life in a digital world. The business has expanded beyond my wildest dreams. Today, TechnoKids technology projects are used to teach thousands of children around the world. I am proud to have the youth in Kuwait become “TechnoKids.”
To learn more about TechnoKids in Kuwait, contact Hind AL Subeeh the General Manager of the EDARA Group.
Telephone: +965 22629002/3
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Project: Ferry Terminal Shelter
Year of completion: 2002
Client: Tiree Art Enterprises
Project Value: £100k
Architect: Sutherland Hussey Architects
Located near to the pier, this structure is designed as a 'shelter' for those intending to board the island ferry. Conceived in three parts it is hoped the structure will reflect some of the qualities of the island, distilled as a line in the landscape; the white walls, the bridge, the glass box. Once described by one islander as 'two walls and a telephone box with no phone' this project has received critical acclaim winning: The 2003 RIAS 'Best Building in Scotland' Award 2003, the gold medal for architecture from the Royal Scottish Academy, an RIBA regional award and short-listed for the Stirling Prize.
Back to David Narro Associates Ltd
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Personal Identification and Description 213 patterns. I transcribe two-thirds of it for the benefit of those who can no longer obtain Galton's original work*.
"The chief peculiarities of individual Arches, Loops and Whorls having now been described, it becomes easy to discuss the frontiers of the primary classes and the debatable country between them.
"A to L [i.e. Arch to Loop]. The frontier between A and L ceases to be distinct at the point where A is just short of developing into a nascent loop. In the Figures 169 to 172 that point is just, but only just passed, so all those figures should count as loops with an a suffixed. The debatable ground lies between these and unmistakable arches, and in that debatable ground, A is held to predominate over L under any one of the following conditions:
" 1. When the loop is formed by no more than one complete bend or staple, which may, however, be perfectly distinct, and may also enclose a rod (Fig. 21).
"2. When it consists of two or even three imperfect bends (Figs. 19, 20), especially if they converge and unite.
"3. Offsets at acute angles (Fig. 10) from the same ridge or from the same furrow do not rank as heads to loops.
" 4. When two symmetrically disposed loops are enclosed in the same curved ridge (Figs. 173, 174) they are counted as an imperfect form of tented arch, being noted as A with the suffix t or tur.
"Generally speaking A is held to predominate whenever the pattern has no continuous contour, even though there may be a fairly distinct delta (Fig. 20), but it would be proper to unite the suffix 1 to this." (pp. 108-9.)
Clearly since Arches form a relatively small group, it would be to the
advantage of the indexer, if frontier cases were allotted as far as possible to Arches.
"A to W [i.e. Arch to Whorl]. Between A and W a very small, or else an imperfect circle, or dot sometimes appears between two ridges of a pattern which is an arch in all other respects (Figs. 15, 17 and perhaps 18, which is ambiguous, and might be called a loop). If the diameter of the whorl does not exceed the width of one of the adjacent ridge intervals, the pattern does not lose the right to be called an A, but should for distinction's sake have a y suffixed to it. W is certainly reached when the little circle contains a central dot as in Fig. 175 which I should' call Wky.
"L to W [i.e. Loop to Whorl]. Between L and W a large class of transitional cases have been sufficiently discussed in speaking of complete and incomplete circuits t. See Figs. 180-183.
"The specimens Figs. 176 to 179 show the relationships between whorls to which the suffix sb is applied (Fig. 178), with loops. In Fig. 176 we see a loop that throws off a curious crest from the upper part of its outline, and which is here and elsewhere a striking appearance; but in Fig. 177 the same peculiarity is much less distinct, while the number of cases that exist between extreme distinctness and extreme indistinctness is so great that crests are not allowed to have a suffix. Their conspicuousness in individual cases certainly depends to a considerable degree on the printing, whether more or less ink and pressure are used. When, however, the ridges cease to be given off from the outside of the contour of the loop, and recurve upon themselves as in Fig. 178, forming a blunted end to that part of the pattern, the result is a well-defined whorl. Another intermediate form between a loop and a whorl is produced in another way, and is recorded by vy as already explained." (pp. 109-10.) [See our p. 206.]
Lastly Galton refers to the case in which a real whorl may be mistaken for a loop because enough of the finger ridges have not been imprinted by rolling. This is especially a danger with "dabbed" prints. See our Plate XXVI.
Chapter VII (pp. 111-115) is entitled Suggested Improvements. Here, as I have said, Galton gives up his special finger arrangement in favour of the
* I have retained Galton's figure numbers, and the figures to which he refers will be found on our Plates XXIII-XXX.
t See our p. 204 footnote.
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| 0.95799
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Question: Pomegranate loses flowers and does not bear fruit
Beautiful lush pomegranate plant with beautiful flowers, but when it begins to form the fruit falls. Not a pomegranate loses many per day even though the leaves and flowers are beautiful with many stamens.
Answer: Pomegranate loses flowers and does not bear fruit
pomegranates are trees of Asian origin, they have been cultivated throughout the Mediterranean area for centuries and in the nursery you can find different varieties: there are flower pomegranates, with large and very colorful flowers, and fruit pomegranates, with less showy flowers; among these, some originate from seed, and generally produce small and very sour pomegranates; others, on the other hand, are grafted and produce pomegranates of greater size, which have a decidedly more pleasant taste when ripe. All of these generally produce fruit, although it may happen that the flower pomegranates are not pollinated, and therefore they are not able to produce fruit, or they produce decidedly in a modest number, and with very scarce characteristics (ie small, hard and not very juicy ). Even pomegranates originating from seed often produce few fruits, although in general the problem with these pomegranates is more often in the taste of the fruits, and not in the quantity.
If your pomegranate is from fruit, it may not produce fruit due to problems related to cultivation: these plants are well acclimatized in the Mediterranean areas, and therefore require a lot of direct sunlight, hot summers, and a very well drained soil, which don't hold water. In fact, pomegranates in no way like water-rich, often wet or wet soils; even the young specimens do not need regular watering, but only light waterings in the drier periods of the year. The problem of excessive water can also provoke the premature fall of the fruits, especially if the excesses occur precisely in the period of fruit set.
In addition, not to love water very much, pomegranates do not like fertilizers so much either, and therefore generally we tend to supply a single dose of fertilizer at the end of winter.
To give you an example, if you place a pomegranate on the mixed edge, in a flowerbed close to the turf, which is irrigated daily with the irrigation system, it is likely that this pomegranate will lose all its fruit, due to the excessive watering that derives from the proximity to the lawn regularly irrigated and regularly fertilized with fertilizers rich in nitrogen.
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Will I pay income tax when the money in my 529 plan is withdrawn to pay for college expenses?
If the money you withdraw from a 529 plan (college savings plan or prepaid tuition plan) is used to pay qualified education expenses, then you won't owe federal income tax on the earnings portion of your withdrawal. However, depending on the state you reside in, you may owe state income tax, even if the withdrawal is used to pay qualified education expenses. So check the laws of your state. Keep in mind that withdrawals for purposes other than qualified education expenses will be subject to normal federal income tax treatment and may be subject to an additional 10 percent federal income tax penalty.
Note: Investors should consider the investment objectives, risks, charges, and expenses associated with 529 plans before investing. More information about 529 plans is available in each issuer's official statement, which should be read carefully before investing. Also, before investing, consider whether your state offers a 529 plan that provides residents with favorable state tax benefits.
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Fibroids are non-cancerous growths that develop in or around the womb (uterus).
The growths are made up of muscle and fibrous tissue and vary in size. They’re sometimes known as uterine myomas or leiomyomas.
Many women are unaware they have myoma because they don’t have any symptoms.
Women who do have symptoms (around 1 in 3) may experience:
- heavy periods or painful periods
- tummy (abdominal) pain
- lower back pain
- a frequent need to urinate
- pain or discomfort during sex
In rare cases, further complications caused by myoma can affect pregnancy or cause infertility.
FAST FACTS ON FIBROIDS
- Myoma are most common during the reproductive years.
- It is unclear exactly why they form, but they appear to develop when estrogen levels are higher.
- Most people experience no symptoms, but they can include lower backache, constipation, and excessive or painful uterine bleeding leading to anemia.
- Complications are rare, but they can be serious.
TYPES OF FIBROIDS
There are four types of fibroid:
INTRAMURAL: This is the most common type. An intramural fibroid is embedded in the muscular wall of the womb.
SUBSEROSAL: These extend beyond the wall of the womb and grow within the surrounding outer uterine tissue layer. They can develop into pedunculated fibroids, where the fibroid has a stalk and can become quite large.
SUBMUCOSAL: This type can push into the cavity of the womb. It is usually found in the muscle beneath the inner lining of the wall.
CERVICAL FIBROIDS: Cervical fibroids take root in the neck of the womb, known as the cervix.
The classification of a fibroid depends on its location in the womb.
Around 1 in 3 women with myoma will experience symptoms.
These may include:
- heavy, painful periods, also known as menorrhagia
- anemia from heavy periods
- lower backache or leg pain
- discomfort in the lower abdomen, especially in the case of large myoma
- frequent urination
- pain during intercourse, known as dyspareunia
Other possible symptoms include:
- labor problems
- pregnancy problems
- fertility problems
- repeated miscarriages
If fibroids are large, there may also be weight gain and swelling in the lower abdomen.
Once a fibroid develops, it can continue to grow until menopause. As estrogen levels fall after menopause, the fibroid will usually shrink.
It remains unclear exactly what causes fibroids. They may be related to estrogen levels.
During the reproductive years, estrogen and progesterone levels are higher.
When estrogen levels are high, especially during pregnancy, fibroids tend to swell. They are also more likely to develop when a woman is taking birth control pills that contain estrogen.
Low estrogen levels can cause myoma may shrink, such during and after menopause.
Genetic factors are thought to impact the development of fibroids. Having a close relative with fibroids increases the chance of developing them.
There is also evidence that red meat, alcohol, and caffeine could increase the risk of fibroids, and that an increased intake of fruit and vegetables might reduce it.
Being overweight or obese increases the risk.
So, How Can I.A.& S. Wellness Centre Help Me Solve My Fibroids Problem?
The Best And Working Solution Is:
FIBROIDS SOLUTION KITS
FOR MORE DETAILS ON OUR
3rd Floor, 473, Lagos-Abeokuta Express Way, UBA Building, U-turn Bus Stop, Abule Egba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Mon – Friday (9.00 a.m. – 5.00 p.m.) Nigerian Time
Saturday (10.00 a.m. – 2.00 p.m.) Nigerian Time
Our Office is Close on Sunday but you can Whatsapp, Call, Email Us.
CALL: 08178871052 OR +234-8038690104
EMAIL: [email protected]
OTHER TREATMENT WE OFFER:
The following are some of the treatments we offer Alphabetically (A-Z):
- Abdominal pain Natural treatment
- Abnormal Vaginal bleeding Natural treatment
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome(AIDS) natural treatment
- Adhesion natural treatment
- Amenorrhea Natural treatment
- Anemia natural treatment
- Arteriosclerosis and Atherosclerosis Natural treatment
- Appendicitis Natural treatment without surgery
- Asthma Natural treatment
- Candidiasis Natural treatment
- Cancer Natural treatment
- Cervical Polyps Natural treatment
- Cholesterol Natural treatment
- Chlamydia Infection Natural treatment
- Fibroids Natural Treatment (without surgery)
- Female Infertility Natural treatment
- Fibrocystic Breast Natural Treatment
- Kidney disease Natural treatment
- Kidney stones Natural treatment
- Male infertility Natural treatment
- Menopause Natural treatment
- Mouth odor and Cancer Natural treatment
- Ovarian Cysts Natural Treatment
- Obesity Natural treatment
- PCOS (polycystic Ovary syndrome)Natural treatment
- Parkinson disease Natural Treatment
- Prostatitis Natural Cure
- Prostate Cancer Natural Treatment
- Polyps Natural Treatment
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Natural Treatment
- Sexually Transmitted Natural Treatment
- Stomach Yeast Infection Natural Treatment
- Toothache Natural Treatment
- Tuberculosis Natural Treatment
- Vericocele Natural Treatment (without surgery)
- Vaginitis Natural Treatment
- Vaginal Infection and Natural treatment etc
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When you are in love – So, you are living your life, just like every other day. You hang out with your friends, discuss issues with family members – that’s your daily routine.
One day, while you are minding your business, comes along a guy/girl who instantly sweeps you off your feet.
In the following few days, your behaviour around them changes. “Did I just develop a crush?” Yes, you did.
This is when the so-called chemical locha takes place in your brain forcing you to behave in a manner When you are in love, you would not otherwise.
When you are in love –
In the initial days, you will feel all nervous and act in a way that was not known to you. Time and again, you would be reminded by your friends that your swooning-like behaviour is pretty evident.
When your adrenaline is pumping at an all-time high, you find yourself energised at all times. Also, you have your moments, wherein you blurt out something totally irrelevant to the situation.
Regardless of what the world thinks about them, you only have positive feedback for whatever they do.
The first thought after you wake up in the morning and the last thought before you go to sleep is about them.
You become protective of them…maybe even overprotective. You look at others with suspicion and any guy/girl hitting on your potential boyfriend/girlfriend gets the worst look you carry.
Parties are events that you look forward to eagerly. This is when you can dress yourself at your best. You also make it a point to stay close to your love interest through the evening. When you receive a positive compliment, it is a job well done for you.
You might be a good dancer, but not today. You are nervous about sharing the dance floor with your crush making it difficult for you to show your best moves. Instead, you dance in a way that would put Nataraja to shame.
During your first kiss, you experience so much dopamine that you crave for it more. Even your pupils dilate like never before sending you into a trance.
This is what happens when you are in love – You feel the happiest ever you have felt in your lifetime. Regardless of whether or not the relationship lasts, you definitely cherish priceless moments you spent with your love interest…that is until you meet someone else!
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It’s Labor Day, meaning summer is symbolically if not officially drawing to a close, meaning whatever fun you’re having is probably tinged with a little wistfulness for days gone by, meaning you’re especially primed for nostalgic feelings this week, internet-induced or otherwise. With that in mind, here are some videos of ordinary people riding the same roller coaster of jubilation and sadness you’re riding today, only 15 or 20 years ago.
YouTube, in addition to being a renowned cesspool of virulently racist and misspelled comments, hosts videos. Many of these videos seek to shed light on the many secrets that the sheeple of the world would keep locked behind closed doors. And almost every single one of them is absolutely, phenomenally, mind-numbingly insane.
For about the first 15 seconds of Bob and Bev Holwager’s rendition of “Blank Space,” you figure you’re watching a pretty ordinary fan-made Taylor Swift video. The background graphics are pretty trippy, yes, but you’ve seen weirder. Then the squished-up sports car drives past the ancient ruins and a rose-hued mushroom cloud rises on the horizon.
Happy Memorial Day. For some reason, instead of having fun outside with your friends, you are alone in front of your computer, reading a blog post. Maybe you didn’t get the day off work, or maybe you’re hung over. That’s OK. You can celebrate the Memorial Days of 1983, 1986, 1988, and 1992—all thanks to YouTube’s bountiful archives of perfect, vintage, unwatched home video.
In YouTube, anyone with an internet connection, a camera, and an idea has a potentially enormous platform for expressing themselves to the world. Consequently, most YouTube videos—like most ideas—are boring and bad. But for the long and monotonous videos below, tedium is a virtue. Like paintings by Rothko or music by Steve Reich, these YouTubes are boring and good—transcendentally, addictively, narcotically good.
YouTube is, for the most part, the place where everything Right and Good goes to die. But move those lifeless cat and listicle corpses aside, and you’ll find a dark, fascinating world that’s all too easy to get lost in for hours. So instead of losing part of your own life to YouTube’s depths, we’ve brought the underbelly to you.
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According to a new poll, more Americans trust Republicans compared to Democrats on key issues. This is especially helpful considering that Americans are currently overwhelmed with a host of worries. In fact, around nine in ten Americans remain concerned over inflation.
Washington Post and ABC News Poll Show Americans Trust Republicans More in Key Issues
The Washington Post and ABC News conducted a new poll of more than 1,000 adults between April 24-and 28. The survey covered what issues currently worry Americans. It also found out if Americans trusted which party better when it comes to key issues.
The survey asked respondents which party they trusted more on key issues. It discovered that the GOP enjoyed more trust compared to their Democratic counterparts in several key issues.
For example, Americans trust Republicans more (50%) compared to Democrats (36%). On crime issues, the GOP also fared better with a 47% trust rating versus 35% for Democrats.
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In matters involving immigration, Americans trust Republicans more than the other party, 43% to 40%.
Americans Trust Republicans More To Handle Inflation
Americans also trust the GOP to handle inflation better than the Democrats, 50% to 31%. This is especially crucial considering that more and more citizens are getting worried about the economy.
An overwhelming 94% of Americans were either upset or concerned about the effects of rising inflation.
The ever-increasing cost of goods and services continues to produce a negative effect on a majority of Americans’ pocketbooks. Consumer inflation rose 8.5% between March 2021 and March 2022.
The rate was the fastest recorded since 1982. Even worse, wholesale inflation soared by 11.5%, which is the highest producer inflation rate on record. Meanwhile, the Personal Consumption Index also set a 40-year record last March at 6.6%.
Biden Performing Badly At His Job, That’s Why Americans Trust Republicans More
The Washington Post and ABC News poll also asked how Americans think of President Joe Biden’s job performance. Only 42% of respondents approved of the way the President handled his job.
52% believed otherwise. In terms of degree, more Americans feel negative about Biden than positively. 42% strongly disapproved of Biden while only 10% somewhat disapproved. Meanwhile, only 21% both strongly and somewhat approved of Biden.
On specific issues, Biden barely made it to positive territory on some points and was bad on others. His highest rating came from handling the pandemic, where 51% of Americans approved how he managed COVID.
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In contrast, 43% disapproved. On America’s involvement in Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Biden received a 47% disapproval rating vs only 42% approval.
On job creation, only 41% of Americans sided with Biden while 46% disagreed. In addition, 38% of Americans didn’t like Biden’s management of the economy.
In contrast,46% disapproved. Finally, only 28% approved Biden’s handling of inflation. An overwhelming 68% did not agree with the government’s handling of inflation.
Biden’s Popularity Continues to Sink
As a result of the government’s continued mismanagement of key issues, Biden’s popularity continued to sink to new lows. Multiple polls show that only 40% of Americans approve of the President right now.
This is especially disturbing for the Democratic party, which will need soul-searching months before the midterm elections.
Biden’s popularity rating dropped significantly among various groups. This includes independent voters, Gen Z and millennials, and Hispanics.
Watch The Jacobin Show video report discussing why people trust Republicans more than Democrats on the economy?
Why do you think Americans trust Republicans more than Democrats on various key issues? Is this the beginning of the end for President Joe Biden and the Democrats?
Let us know what you think. Share your thoughts in the comments section below.
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Soft and silky, flexible and light, warm and breathable, Merino wool is a 100 % natural material.
Merino wool used by Yoëlys comes from the shearing of a specific breed of sheep, the Merino sheep. Originating from Spain, this ovine breed is mainly bred in the southern hemisphere, in Australia and New Zealand. However, more and more quality exploitations of this breed of sheep are developping in Europe.
A great finesse
With a diameter of 14 to 25 micrometers, the Merino wool fibres are much more fine than those of traditional wool that can mesure up to 80 micrometers. This finesse offers the advantage of a lightness and a softness that lessens the itching that can come from wool that goes overs 30 micrometers in diameter.
The finest wool comes from the very first shearing of the lambs. It offers an incomparable softness for a relatively expensive price.
A thermoregulating and breathable fibre
Merino wool has the capacity to regulate body temperature: it conserves the heat during cold weather and helps to refresh the skin when it’s hot. The air present between the fibres acts as a thermal insulator. Furthermore, the Merino wool fibres let through air and humidity which allows skin to breathe.
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Let’s Save our Springs: The 2022 Springs Summit in Crystal River
“Our pictures are a tangible record of what was,” outdoor photographer John Moran told the audience at the 2022 Florida Springs Council Springs Summit. Images of sapphire springs and lush seagrass beds bounced across the screen behind him. His “Then and Now” slideshow of photos of Florida’s springs told a visual story of the environmental deterioration that has plagued this important natural resource through time. Healthy green eelgrass turned to brown mush. Crystal-clear water turned to murky, and algae ridden.
80% of Florida’s springs are imperiled due to elevated levels of nutrients and excessive groundwater pumping.
These springs are a window into our groundwater, which comes from Florida’s amazing underground aquifer. The Florida aquifer is the source of drinking water for 97% of Florida’s population, making the plight of Florida’s natural springs relevant to all.
To address this matter, the Florida Springs Council brought springs advocates, scientists, lawmakers, communicators and springs supporters together for its annual Springs Summit April 8-10 at the Plantation Resort in Crystal River.
The conference kicked off with a screening of the Emmy-winning “The Fellowship of the Springs” documentary by Oscar Corral. Images are more powerful than words and this film portrays the beautiful but troubled springs that set the mood for the conference.
Supporting Florida’s Springs Through Advocacy
Saturday’s conference attendees were greeted by Casey Fitzgerald, president of the Florida Springs Council, followed by a panel discussion of Springs Policy and Law with Senator David Williams, former state senator, sponsor of Springs & Aquifer Protection Act; Dr. Bob Knight Director of the Florida Springs Institute; Doug MacLaughlin, FSC attorney, retired SFWMD attorney and William Kerr, former SJRWMD Governing Board Chairman. Moderated by Dr. Bob Palmer, retired, Staff Director for the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the U. S. House of Representatives, the panelists answered questions regarding current and past legislation about the laws governing the springs.
The Florida legislature has allotted $50 million dollars in its annual budget since 2016 for the protection of Florida’s springs, but with the exploding population and resulting higher demands for water and excessive nutrient loads are putting a strain on the springs and Florida’s aquifer. Changing legislation takes time and money, with often little or no tangible results.
During the Springs Advocacy Bootcamp session, FSC executive director Ryan Smart explained the sources of pollution affecting the water quality of our springs: septic systems, drainage wells, urban fertilizer and agriculture. The reduced flow from the springs is due to less rainfall and increased pumping of groundwater.
More than 8 billion gallons of groundwater is pumped from the aquifer daily, and there simply isn’t enough rainfall to replenish the source. This imbalance of nature has negative effects such as reduction of spring outputs, increase of sinkholes and even the death of some springs, such as Kissingen and White Springs.
It Starts with Science
Improving the water quality of springs starts from observation and finding what works best in a given area. Dr. Bob Knight, Greg Owen and Rick Copeland discussed the science of the springs, including projects such as private well monitoring for nitrates in the Lower Santa Fe River and springs data collection results.
Water quality findings and results of springs projects are available on the Howard T. Odum Florida Springs Institute website at https://floridaspringsinstitute.org/
Changing Attitudes and Saving Lands
Reporter and communications director Angela Bradbery talked about ways to change attitudes by framing dialogue in communications for springs advocacy while Michael McGrath and Cris Costello of the Sierra Club Florida addressed the importance of grassroots efforts for change.
Using Photography and Social Media to Bring Springs Awareness
Springs advocacy and awareness can be promoted by education through social media, as shown by educator Kelly De Valle of @thespringstate, but sometimes promotion can be detrimental as well. Viral media posts of beautiful locations have drawn crowds to once quiet areas. Yes, it is good for businesses, but also detrimental to a wild environment. Not using geo-tagging (giving the location) can help to keep natural ecosystems intact.
Professional mermaid Michelle Colson promotes springs activism and awareness through her social media channels and podcasting.
Manatees and Clean Springs
The death tolls of manatees have been increasing from starvation in the past few years. Because manatees feed on aquatic plants and the increase of poor water quality has led to plant kills, which leads to excessive algae blooms, ultimately resulting in manatee starvation. The restoration of our springs water-quality is vital to the survival of Florida’s manatees.
The Eelgrass Restoration Project in Crystal River by SWFWMD and Save Crystal River brought the local community together in education and action to the plight of the manatees and improving the water quality of Kings Bay, a successful project which has spurred the Homosassa River Restoration project and others throughout Florida.
The Save the Manatee Club is holding a webinar on Manatee and the Springs this April 26, 2022, at 7pm. Register for the webinar or sign up for local seagrass planting projects, river clean-ups or restoration events at https://www.savethemanatee.org/news/calendar/
The Florida Springs Council’s Saturday evening awards banquet, The Florida Springs Council Advocate of the Year Award was presented to Margaret Spontak for her outstanding efforts with the Free the Ocklawaha River Coalition and Dr. Bob Knight received the Florida Lake Management Society’s Scott Driver Award for his work with the Florida Springs Institute, promoting the restoration, protection and appreciation of Florida’s aquatic resources. Our Santa Fe River (OSFR) received the FSC Organization of the Year Award, accepted by organization co-founder Merrillee Malwitz-Jipson.
Campaigning for Change
Advocate campaign stories and strategies were shared by Burt Eno of Rainbow River Conservation, Margaret Spontak of Free the Ocklawaha River Coalition, Merrillee Malwitz-Jipson OSFR and Cris Costello of the Sierra Club Florida.
Florida’s springs are in trouble, but a light of hope remains through the success stories from the dedicated springs advocates. Action, not apathy is needed, and you can take a part in the springs restoration efforts through some simple, effective actions:
- Turn off those irrigation systems and water by hand-held hose instead.
- Get a rain barrel or cistern and use it as an irrigation source.
- Plant a native-friendly landscape with drought-resistant Florida-friendly plants.
- Use mulch around plants to prevent moisture evaporation.
- Stop using fertilizers. Switch to organic compost.
- Get active with a water group that represents what you care about most, be it Save the Manatees, the Sierra Club, Florida Springs Institute, or a waterkeeper/local friends of a river group.
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Ber Collins, Energist and Holistic Therapy Teacher, has published her first book ‘Every Mum has Magic Kisses’, a true story of loss, hope, love and forgiveness that invites every parent to learn how to release their magic. Ber had the official launch of her book on Thursday May 12 at 6.30pm in O Mahony’s Booksellers on O’ Connell Street, Limerick.
Through a childhood filled with abuse and bullying a little girl holds on to the dream of a family of her own where her children will have the childhood she wishes she had. However the stress and strain of motherhood together with the memories from her past threaten to overwhelm her as she is overcome with grief for her lost childhood. As she puts one foot in front of the other to ensure her kids have what she missed out on during her early years, her broken heart fills with love for them. Her healing begins and she embarks on a journey that leads her to living a life filled with love, passion and purpose.
The book opens with the story of a young Ber. When Ber turned eight her whole world turned upside down. Her father began sexually abusing her but the confused and scared eight year old kept her “special” secret from all of her loved ones. She never confided in anyone, as the one time she tried to she was turned away and deemed “silly” by a priest. On her own Ber tried to keep a brave face through the abuse she was experiencing at home and in school.
Twenty years ago Ber was filled with anger, sadness and fear and was finding it very difficult to be the Mum she knew her kids needed her to be. The stress and strain of motherhood together with the memories from her past were overwhelming.
Through the love of her husband, son and daughter, Ber began to heal, “each time I looked at their happy little faces, a little piece of me healed.” Now Ber knows that “although you can’t change the past you can decide how it affects you.”
Through her work as an Energist and Holistic Therapy Teacher over the past eight years, Ber found that there was a common theme occurring. People were suffering from stress brought on by various kinds of traumatic events in their lives. As a result, they found themselves thinking, feeling and acting in ways that they knew deep down was not who they really were and many of them were suffering ill health which they felt had been brought on by severe stress.
Ber felt the book needed to be written. It was something that just kept “gnawing” away at her. Ber was so passionate about sharing her story that she spent her own money and self published her book, “I want the book to find its way into the hands and hearts of every person who needs it.” Ber believes “there is a spark in everyone, and sometimes that spark gets dulled and damaged” she wants the book to “put a flame under this spark to reignite it.”
Every Mum has Magic Kisses is a nonjudgmental book which offers parents guidelines on how to meet their children’s needs. It is a book that shines a light on a path out of the darkness to help you be the parent your kids needs you to be. Through her determination to create a happy childhood for them, she discovered what Mums who have read her book have described as “a user-manual for raising happy kids.” Ber is a woman on a mission, a mission to ensure that kids grow up in happy homes filled with love and fun.
The book is available from her website www.bercollins.ie/book and it’s also available for kindle at http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/. Ber is available for interview and can be contacted at [email protected] #releaseyourmagic.
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Having a cat can mean different things to different people. Some want a cat to cuddle and sit on their laps; others are happy to live with a very independent cat which spends most of its time outside and doesn’t want too much human interaction.
What is important is that you try to find a cat that will interact with you if you want it to. All cats are not the same and how each individual cat behaves with you can depend on its inherent personality and early experiences (or lack of experiences), which can make it fearful or confident with people and life in general.
The environment in which you keep a cat is also extremely significant – for example if it lives with many other cats which do not get on, then it will be stressed and will react differently than if it was on its own.
While there is no guaranteed way to choose the perfect cat for you and your lifestyle, understanding your expectations as well as what makes cats tick will help you to bring home a cat that should be able to cope with its new environment and be the pet that you want too.
To care for a cat you will need to:
Provide plenty of human companionship
Provide regular, suitable meals with a constant supply of fresh water
Provide a clean and comfortable bed
Provide the cat with outdoor access or be prepared to empty and clean a litter tray on a daily basis
Provide it with a stimulating and safe environment
Groom it regularly. Longhaired cats require daily grooming
Have it neutered between 4 and 6 months old
Vaccinate against the major feline diseases regularly
Worm regularly and provide treatment for fleas
Take the cat to the vet when it shows any sign of illness
Insure your cat or make sure you can afford the cost of any veterinary treatment it may need
How much care and attention does a cat need?
As pets go, cats are relatively low maintenance compared to dogs which need companionship, walking, training etc. However, like any pet, they do need care, and some cats need more care than others. Do you want to spend a lot of time with your cat, do you want it to be demanding, or do you have limited time? Cats can fit into busy, modern lifestyles more easily than dogs, as they are pretty independent, can be left alone much more easily and are more suitable for smaller flats or houses. Cats are often chosen by people who have busy and stressful lifestyles and who want some companionship when they go home to relax.
What do you want from your relationship with a cat? If you’re the kind of person who really needs to have a close relationship with your cat and to be able to handle it and have it interact with you, then you’ll be disappointed if you take on a nervous cat that hides every time you come into the room. You may want to think about one of the pedigree breeds which can be more interactive and perhaps more needy of human company than some moggies. This may however become a problem for the cat if you are out at work all day and only available to give attention on evenings or weekends.
Some cats need to know exactly what’s going to happen when, in order to feel relaxed. Such cats would be quite happy living with an old lady who rarely has visitors and leads a very quiet life, but would probably find it quite stressful living in a home full of kids and other animals with lots of visitors and activity. Other cats, however, might thrive on different interactions with lots of people and fit in perfectly well in a busy household.
If you’re not likely to have the time or inclination to groom a cat on a daily basis, don’t even think of getting a Persian or a cat with a long coat. In pedigree jargon, any cat with a longer coat, aside from a Persian, is called semi-longhaired because the coat is not as full as the Persian’s and does not have such a thick undercoat; however, it is still long and requires grooming. In addition, if you are extremely house-proud, you may not want lots of hair everywhere.
A shorthaired cat is a much easier option, as most cats are fanatical about their coats and keep them in immaculate condition. That’s not to say that they don’t leave hairs around – bear this in mind if you’re thinking of getting a white cat but have dark furniture, or vice versa. Likewise, a cat is quite likely to sharpen its claws indoors, often on the stair carpet, sometimes on the furniture or even on the wallpaper. Whether your cat does this can depend on the cat itself and also the environment you provide for it; however there are things you can do to try and deal with this, but it is best to acknowledge from the outset that your cat is an animal with free will and natural behaviour that may not suit someone who needs to have an immaculate house.
Can I keep a cat on vegetarian food?
Are you a vegetarian and want your cat to be one too? If you want a vegetarian pet that won’t challenge your beliefs, then it would be better to get a rabbit – a cat is a carnivore first and foremost, and looks and behaves as it does for just this reason. A cat is what is called an obligate carnivore – it has an absolute need for some of the nutrients found in meat and all of its senses of smell and taste are atuned to being a carnivore – it would be unfair and very dangerous to health to even attempt keeping it as a vegetarian.
Feeding your cat or kitten
Is there a type of cat which doesn’t hunt?
You may have a great aversion to your cat hunting outside. Perhaps you are a bird lover, or are simply unable to deal with small carcases on the floor. Hunting is normal behaviour for cats. Keeping a cat indoors may prevent it actually killing anything, but it will still need an outlet for this, its most instinctive behaviour, and not all cats will be happy with an indoor lifestyle. Likewise, if you’re simply getting a cat to keep vermin at bay, you won’t want to find yourself with one which isn’t especially interested in huntin’, shootin’ and fishin’ and prefers being a couch potato! Older cats are likely to hunt much less than younger ones and some cats don’t bother at all, but there is no easy way to know how a cat will behave.
Can I keep a cat indoors?
If you think about the lifestyle of a cat which has access outdoors you will realise that being outdoors brings a huge variety to its life and allows it to use all of its hunting behaviours if it wants to. Of course, there are risks outside for cats, but you need to balance these with the very positive aspects of physical and mental stimulation and an outlet for natural behaviour.
Can I have a cat with a baby or young children?
There is no reason not to have a cat or kitten if you have children. It is up to parents to teach their children from the very beginning how to approach, stroke and handle cats and to treat them kindly. Many children have fantastic relationships with their cats and learn about respecting other creatures and being gentle – it is done successfully all the time, but it is up to parents to lay down the rules. Perhaps taking on a new kitten when you have a new baby or a toddler might be a lot to handle at once, so ensuring you have time for all the parties is part of a successful relationship. Likewise, if you are pregnant there is no need to get rid of the cat. Simple and basic hygiene precautions and common sense management of the cat, while the baby is small, can ensure all cohabit happily and safely.
Should I get an adult cat or a kitten?
A kitten gives you the opportunity to take on an animal right from the beginning and treat it and care for it so that it gets the best start in life. You will also be able to get some idea of its character. However, kittens require a lot of attention and some forethought to prevent them from getting into trouble. If you leave them alone you have to make sure they will be safe while you are away. You may also have to organise neutering, initial vaccinations and so on, depending on where you get your kitten from.
Where to get a cat or kitten and what to ask
While kittens have a huge ‘cute’ factor, it is worth remembering that they don’t stay kittens for very long – just six months out of a potential 14 years or more.
With adult cats, it is at least clear if they are long or short haired. You should be able to get a good idea of a cat’s personality, although if it is being kept in less than ideal circumstances and is stressed or frightened it may act very differently compared to when it is relaxed. A confident adult cat is likely to move in and settle down quite quickly; a nervous one may take more time. It will be much easier to leave an older cat alone in the knowledge that it is not going to get itself into trouble, and it will generally be much less hard work and worry than a kitten. An adult cat will probably already be neutered and vaccinated.
What sex of cat should I get?
The sex of a kitten doesn’t really matter, as long as you neuter your kitten before it reaches puberty (at about four months of age) when the influence of sex hormones kick in. Un-neutered cats may exhibit unwelcome reproductive behaviours. For example, un-neutered male cats will mark their territory with strong smelling urine while un-neutered female cats can come into season every two weeks if they do not become pregnant.
If you are getting just one cat or kitten, it doesn’t matter which sex you choose. Equally, if you want two kittens and you are getting two from the same litter, the sex of either cat is probably not important. However, if you have a resident cat and are getting just one kitten or another cat, it may be worth considering going for one of the opposite sex to try and remove some of the competition factor. A kitten may be a better option than another adult cat in such cases as the young cat’s immaturity seems to remove this competition factor – for a while anyway during which time you hope they will get to like each other! Neutering also removes the need for so much competition and makes the choice of sex much less important.
Should I choose a specific breed or moggie?
The majority of cats kept as pets are what we call moggies or domestic short or long haired cats – that is they are a random mixture of lots of different cats, we have often have little idea about their parentage (well the father anyway). This means we have no control over the colour, body shape, coat length or anything else that the kittens can inherit from their parents. So, for example, if your kitten is from a moggie mum but its father is unknown, it may develop a longer coat than you desire if the father was indeed longhaired.
There is more to choosing a pedigree cat than just liking a certain coat colour or length – there are ethical considerations with some breeds if you really want to consider the cat’s welfare. There are also health issues which you need to check with the breeder and things you need to ask. Good breeders aim to breed healthy, people-friendly cats and avoid (or seek to deal with) inherited disorders which arise.
Pedigree cats – things to consider
What breed of cat should I choose?
There are many different breeds, some of which will require extra care and attention, for example if they have a very long coat or even no coat at all. (See our A-Z of cat breeds). Some pedigree cats are more people orientated and may not like to be left alone for long periods. If you are out all day at work it may be worth getting two kittens together for company – do your research about the breed you are interested in. Always make sure that health comes first, no matter what the ‘look’.
How to choose a kitten
Can I have a cat if I have a dog?
If you have other pets there should not be a problem in getting a cat, but you just need to make sure that you take everything into consideration. If you have a dog you just need to make sure that you make introductions carefully so that your new cat is not chased or injured while the dog gets used to it. Not all dog types make good companions for cats.
How to introduce a new cat or kitten to a resident dog
How many cats can I have together?
It’s very easy to ‘collect’ cats – they’re addictively beautiful, they’re small and they’re quite easy to care for. Even if they don’t get on, they tend to remove themselves from the situation rather than fight. However, there may be a great deal of tension between cats which owners just don’t pick up on. Cats originate from a largely solitary species and although they can live in groups these are usually related individuals or are self-selected so that cats are not sharing space with cats that they don’t get on with. Cats may start to spray or soil in the house because they’re trying to deal with a situation where they feel under stress because of other cats, and this might be all that owners notice.
If you have two cats living together very successfully then think very carefully before you add more. If you have three cats living well together then thank your stars and quit while you’re ahead! The trouble with adding more is that it might not be just the relationship between the resident cats and the new one that causes problems; it may upset the whole equilibrium of the resident cats’ relationship and introduce difficulties even between the original cats as tension and stress levels rise. Any new cat needs careful introduction.
How to introduce a new adult cat to your cat.
The best way to have two compatible cats is to choose siblings. These will have grown up together, and this usually bodes well for a good future relationship .
What does it cost to keep a cat?
If you are buying a pedigree cat then there will be associated costs and these may be quite large. Pedigree kittens usually come vaccinated and in some cases already neutered. If you are getting a cat from a rescue organisation then they may ask for a donation or a fee and again it will probably come already neutered and vaccinated. Kittens or cats from friends or neighbours don’t usually come neutered or vaccinated, wormed, treated for fleas or anything else and it will be up to you to register with a vet and get these things done.
Neutering is obviously a one-off cost, but several vaccinations will be required to make sure that a kitten is protected from infectious diseases; thereafter a regular booster vaccination will help to protect it during its life (requirements depend on the cat’s lifestyle and risks associated with that – your vet can advise you). Then there is food, preventive health care regarding treatment for fleas and ticks and worms, cat litter if you want or need an indoor litter tray, beds and grooming equipment if you take on a longhaired cat. Microchipping is also recommended in case your cat goes missing. We recommend that you also insure your cat so that if an accident or illness happens then you do not have to worry about the costs. Choose your insurance carefully to make sure you get what you expect or need.
I am allergic to cats – is there any breed which is better than others?
Many people think it’s a cat’s hair that causes us to react to them by sneezing, wheezing or itching. In fact it’s a protein or allergen called Fd1, present in feline saliva, which causes the allergy. Because cats groom themselves regularly they have saliva all over their coat. This dries on the coat and when the cat scratches, moves or brushes past objects the dust or dander and the hairs which contain the allergen are spread about. Cat-lovers who really want to have a cat but are allergic sometimes think that by choosing a breed with less, little or no coat they can avoid the problem. However, as it is saliva that causes the problem, this is unlikely to help, and although longhaired cats do seem to cause more allergic reactions that’s probably only because, having more hair, they’re also covered with more allergen.
It’s worth trying out different cats by visiting friends with cats to see if they elicit less of an allergic reaction. Unfortunately it’s a very difficult problem to get around for people who react or who have family members who are allergic.
What should I do with my cat when I go on holiday?
If you go away on holiday you also need to consider who is going to look after your cat. If you are only away for a day or two you can ask a neighbour to pop in and feed it and check it is OK. If you are away for more than this you may want to consider a boarding cattery, as many cats may wander looking for company. If you have a nervous cat it may hide when the feeder comes and he or she may not be able to be sure that everything is all right. A good boarding cattery will keep your cat safe and you can relax while you are away. There are bad boarding catteries however.
How to choose a good boarding cattery
When should I get a new cat?
If you are considering getting a new cat or kitten, choose a time when it is quiet in your house (not in the middle of a family celebration etc) and perhaps when you have a day or two when you can help it to settle in and be there while it finds its way around, not just before you go on holiday etc.
Where do I get a cat from and how do I choose it?
Once you have thought about the responsibilities and costs of keeping a cat and what type you want, then consider where you are going to get it and how you are going to choose your cat or kitten.
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