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Want to drink a pilsner with your poodle or a latte with your labradoodle? While there are some places around town that allow it, currently Ohio bans dogs on restaurant patios due to the health code. But current legislation is trying to overturn that law!In a letter from one Ohio Health Department they explain “Live animals may not be allowed on the premises of a food-service operation or retail food establishment. Certain exceptions are allowed, such as a service dog helping a disabled person, as long as the animal’s presence doesn’t pose a threat to food contamination.
The letter concluded that because patios and open air bar-type areas are considered “food premises,” any ”‘pups on porch’ or similar events” are in violation of state health codes.
How You Can Help Change the Law:
A bill has been introduced in both the Ohio house and the senate that would allow the decision to be up to the business owner whether they allow dogs in their outdoor dining areas.
If you are an Ohio resident in support of HB263 and SB182, contact your State Rep. and let them know you want them to vote YES on HB263 and SB182!!
To find your Rep:
Head to www.Legislature.ohio.gov and click on the Contact link; find your 4 Digit zip code extension & contact your rep!
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Are you ready to experience a by-gone era of railroading? Then make plans to visit the Hoosier Valley Railroad Museum in North Judson, Indiana. Tucked away in this picturesque rural community, HVRM has become the premier tourist destination for thousands of people who want to experience the sights, sounds and smells of post-World War II railroading. The small town of North Judson achieved significant importance when, at its peak, as many as 125 trains each day passed through this rural community. To truly appreciate just how much the railroads impacted North Judson, you should look through our collection of historic railroad maps. You can only imagine how difficult it must have been to get from one side of town to another with so many trains! The Hoosier Valley Railroad Museum is dedicated to preserving the railroad history of North Judson. HVRM seeks to keep the town's railroad heritage alive via display and operation of vintage railroad equipment.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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http://www.bargaintreasurehunter.com/mobile/shops.php?qscode=IN46366HVRMUSEUM
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“Real Men Knit,” by Kwana Jackson. Copyright 2020, Harper Collins (336 pages, $16.00).
Kwana Jackson writes with the idea of needing “more diversity in romance” with all of her novels, and with Real Men Knit she doesn’t disappoint. We have the Strong Brothers, all adopted by Mama Joy, most from different backgrounds and ethnicity, who are taken in from the foster system that isn’t always kind to older children. Mama Joy sees the need for the boys to have structure and family, which she provides through motherly love and teaching the boys how to knit in her shop.
When Mama Joy unexpectedly passes, the four brothers, Jesse, Damian, Noah, and Lucas, must decide to keep Strong Knits up and running or sell the business. Kerry Fuller was a girl who sought comfort and belonging at Strong Knits, and together Jesse and Kerry make a go at giving the store a face-lift and reopening to see if the shop can survive without its beloved owner.
During the renovations and teaching Jesse the business, Kerry and Jesse began to explore their friendship and connection that they’ve denied for so long. With Kerry’s love and the lessons Mama Joy instilled in him as he was growing, Jesse learns how to better himself while accepting his shortcomings. Kerry learns to take control of what she wants for her future; whether it’s in her career or finally admitting and taking command of her feelings for Jesse Strong.
One thing I loved about this book is that Jackson wasn’t afraid to write her male characters as vulnerable. She also allows her male characters growth and acceptance in themselves and learning opportunities from their situations. Her biggest example is having strong, “manly” men who are comfortable doing something that isn’t normally “masculine”, like knitting. These characters are not at all ashamed of their hobby and skill.
Kayleigh Dyer is a Library Technical Processing Assistant at May Memorial Library. You may contact her at firstname.lastname@example.org.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.alamance-nc.com/library/book-reviews/real-men-knit/
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This system is used to find the path and measure the distance of the place.
This system is divided into two different modules,
1) PC with data base communication
2) GSM – Fbus protocol for SMS communication
This system is divided into three modules,
1) GSM- Fbus protocols,
2) Path mapping
3) Control and Display unit
It will sends all detail of our path mapping to all customers,
The customer has to send the SMS to current place name, and
Where you want to go.
This system will detect and auto reply to distance of the place, bus number and angle of
the place also.
This communication will under the Fbus protocol using SMS protocols.
The all details will pre-store in I2C EEPROM in I2C protocols using Real time.
1) GSM Path Finding System
2) Sending message
3) Receiving Message
4) Wait for Message
5) Successfully Send
7) Enter Source Place Name
8) Enter Destination Place Name
11) Bus Number
4.I/O Control System:
1) I/O port Communication
2) RS232 Communication
3) I2C Communication
4) 4X4 Keypad Communication
5) RF 4 bit Data Communication
5. Data Base:
1) Source Name
2) Enter Source Place Name
3) Enter Destination Place Name
6) Bus Number
Labels : Mini Projects in Electronics, Electronics Mini Project Circuits, Electronics Mini Project Abstract, Mini Project Topics Electronics Communication, Electronics Mini Engineering Project Topics, Electronics Mini Project Topics PPT, Electrical Project Topics, Power Electronics Projects, Electrical Projects for Engineering Students, Electrical Projects, Electrical Project Topics Download, Electrical Engineering Project Topics for Final Year, Electrical Project Topics for Engineering Students, Electronic Circuits Projects, List of Electronic Projects, Electronics Project Reports
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<urn:uuid:ae104eea-39c9-4551-adc3-f788ab7af5e9>
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CC-MAIN-2016-44
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http://www.projecttopics.info/Electronics/Path_Finding_And_Mapping_System.php
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| 0.664964
| 389
| 3.078125
| 3
|
Last week a consortium of health organizations, led by the World Health Organization, UNICEF and the U.S. Agency for International Development, launched the Global Action Plan on Pneumonia and Diarrhea. The overall goal of the plan is to end preventable deaths by working with national governments, funders, multilateral institutions, the private sector and other partners. FHI 360 has signed a statement of support for the new plan.
Hundreds of thousands of children under the age of 5 die every year from preventable diseases. Pneumonia claims 1.3 million and diarrhea claims 700,000 children, mostly in their first two years of life. But, research that was released last week in the Lancet shows that if we aggressively scale up 15 presently available interventions, we can eliminate 95 percent of diarrheal and 67 percent of pneumonia deaths in children under 5 by the year 2025. These interventions include improved water, sanitation and hygiene; exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of a child’s life; community case management; and the use of oral rehydration salts (ORS) to treat diarrhea.
FHI 360’s Diarrhea Alleviation through Zinc and ORS Therapy (DAZT) project has been working in the states of Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat in India to dramatically increase the use of ORS and zinc to treat diarrhea. FHI 360 pioneered a new partnership model involving pharmaceutical companies and nongovernmental organizations to reach health providers in the rural areas where diarrhea causes the most deaths. Our focus is on ensuring demand and a continuous supply of these treatments where they are most needed.
To learn more about the Global Action Plan on Pneumonia and Diarrhea consortium’s statement of support, visit: defeatdd.org/take-action/global-action-plan/ngo-statement-support.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://degrees.fhi360.org/2013/04/bold-new-plan-aims-to-end-deaths-from-preventable-diseases/
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Militants overrun parts of key Iraqi city of Mosul
Published 6:34 pm, Tuesday, June 10, 2014
In a stunning assault that exposed Iraq's eroding central authority, al Qaeda-inspired militants overran much of Mosul on Tuesday, seizing government buildings, pushing out security forces and capturing military vehicles as thousands of residents fled the second-largest city.
The rampage by the black banner-waving insurgents was a heavy defeat for Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki as he tries to hold onto power, and highlighted the growing strength of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. The group has been advancing in both Iraq and neighboring Syria, capturing territory in a campaign to set up a militant enclave straddling the border.
There were no immediate estimates on how many people were killed in the assault, a stark reminder of the reversals in Iraq since U.S. forces left in late 2011.
Earlier this year, Islamic State fighters took control of Fallujah, and government forces have been unable to take it back.
Mosul is a much bigger, more strategic prize. The city and surrounding Nineveh province, which is on the doorstep of Iraq's relatively prosperous Kurdish region, are a major export route for Iraqi oil and a gateway to Syria.
"This isn't Fallujah. This isn't a place you can just cordon off and forget about," said Michael Knights, a regional security analyst at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy. "It's essential to Iraq."
Al-Maliki pressed parliament to declare a state of emergency that would grant him greater powers, saying the public and government must unite "to confront this vicious attack, which will spare no Iraqi." Legal experts said these powers could include imposing curfews, restricting public movements and censoring the media.
State TV said lawmakers would convene Thursday. Parliament speaker Osama al-Nujaifi, a Sunni from Mosul, called the rout "a disaster by any standard."
Regaining Mosul poses a daunting challenge for the Shiite prime minister. The city of about 1.4 million has a Sunni Muslim majority and many in the community are already deeply embittered against his Shiite-led government. During the nearly nine-year American presence in the country, Mosul was a major stronghold for al Qaeda. U.S. and Iraqi forces carried out repeated offensives there, regaining a semblance of control but never routing the insurgents entirely.
"It's going to be difficult to reconstitute the forces to clear and hold the city," Knights said. "There aren't a lot of spare forces around Iraq."
Gunmen overran the Nineveh provincial government building - a key symbol of state control - Monday evening, and the governor fled the city. The fighters stormed police stations, bases and prisons, capturing weapons and freeing inmates.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.sfgate.com/world/article/Militants-overrun-parts-of-key-Iraqi-city-of-Mosul-5543348.php
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This collection is comprised primarily of materials related to the University of California, Irvine mascot, the Anteater.
Included is an original inscribed and signed drawing of the Anteater mascot by cartoonist Johnny Hart (undated), drawings
of mascots proposed by the UCI administration (1965), clippings (photocopies) and ephemera related to the Anteater mascot
and the controversy at the time it was chosen. Also included is an audio oral history interview with Schuyler Hadley Bassett,
who is credited with taking up the successful campaign to elect the anteater as the mascot. The collection also includes design
proposals for UCI logos, including one with a seahorse theme (1965), and proposed design for the UCI Medal, which was established
in 1984. It also includes two anteater basketball mascot bobbleheads. In addition there are several designs of the mascot
with the UCI logo, presumably from the 1990s.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt7g5038zz/
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| 0.96191
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“Many go to great lengths to avoid using support in their projects. PolySupport™ overcomes this problem and. . . is particularly good for parts with large overhangs, preventing print failure due to lack of support,” said Dr. Xiaofan Luo, Polymaker.
SHANGHAI (PRWEB) July 30, 2015
Polymaker, an innovative producer of high-quality filament for 3D printers, is expanding its product line to provide industrial designers with highly-versatile materials that enable them to create more complex 3D printing projects, as well as streamline their overall manufacturing process.
The latest products to be introduced by the company are PolySupport™, a groundbreaking support material, as well as an expanded color palette for the company’s extremely tough, high-quality PolyMax™ PLA.
PolySupport is an entirely new material designed to solve one of the most daunting problems in desktop FDM/FFF 3D printing: that of support for the model being printed.
Unlike any existing support material on the market today, PolySupport provides a support structure that can easily and cleanly be removed by hand or with simple tools, without damage to the finished model’s surface. This is particularly important for projects with detailed finishes that can be compromised by current support materials on the market.
PolySupport works just like regular 3D printing filament, printing reliably at 220-240 °C with no heated build plate required. It can be used on both single extrusion printers as both the support and modeling material, and dual extrusion printers as a dedicated support material. It also has little or no sensitivity to moisture.
“Many designers who currently work in 3D go to great lengths to avoid using support in their projects, opting instead to create several less complex pieces to be assembled later,” said Dr. Xiaofan Luo, CEO of Polymaker. “PolySupport overcomes this problem and, in fact, is particularly good for parts with large overhangs, preventing print failure due to lack of support. We believe that this material will strongly appeal to industrial designers who want to unleash their creativity and follow their visions.”
PolySupport joins Polymaker’s growing family of revolutionary 3D filament products, which also includes PolyMax PLA™, PolyPlus™, PolyFlex™ and PolyWood™.
PolyMax™PLA: ABS No More?
Polymaker also announced that it has expanded the color selection of its immensely popular PolyMax™ PLA to six colors, adding red, yellow, orange and blue to the currently available black and white.
As most industrial designers can attest, regular PLA is a very brittle material, limiting its range of application. This has led many designers to opt for ABS. But while inherently strong, working with ABS has serious consequences—namely, a harmful odor that creates a potential health risk.
PolyMax™ PLA is out to change this. Known for its excellent mechanical properties and printing quality, PolyMax PLA is extremely tough—up to nine times stronger than regular PLA, and 20 percent better than ABS. In addition, it has earned a stellar reputation for being virtually jam free—which saves a great deal of time and frustration when creating new projects that often take hours to print. It also offers high printing quality and stability, with no hazardous gas or part warping.
And with the new vibrant color options, industrial designers no longer have to choose between stunningly colorful models and strong durable parts.
When used together, PolySupport and PolyMax give designers the ability to reach deeper into their creative reserves and produce mind-blowing projects of which they could only previously dream.
PolySupport (MSRP $39.99 per reel) and PolyMax PLA (MSRP $49.99 per reel) are available on the Polymaker website (http://www.polymaker.com) and through selected distributors. To see PolySupport and PolyMax in action, as well as the other remarkable 3D printing materials in the Polymaker product line, please visit Polymaker’s YouTube Channel (http://bit.ly/1HP7BVv).
# # #
About Polymaker LLC
Polymaker is a company committed to innovation, quality and sustainability in the pursuit of producing high-quality materials for the 3D printing industry. Headquartered in Shanghai, China, Polymaker now has global offices in the USA, Netherlands and Japan. With their state-of-the-art manufacturing centre and market leading quality control process, Polymaker’s filaments are not only ensured to have the best quality standard, but also provide innovative properties. Whether it is with their increased mechanical strength, unparalleled Jam-Free™ printing or the world’s first 3D printable foam based filament, Polymaker will continue to bring new performance enhanced materials to the 3D printing community.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.prweb.com/releases/2015/07/prweb12877663.htm
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en
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|
According to a new study done by researchers from Duke University, air pollution can increase the risk of obesity and diabetes in humans. The study was done in Beijing with lab rats that were exposed to Beijing’s incredibly dense, polluted air. After three to eight weeks, the lab rats gained weight and had cardio-respiratory difficulties.
The results were analyzed against lab rats that had not been exposed. In 2015, China’s capital issued two red alerts in two weeks because of elevated air pollution levels. The red alert is the highest level of air pollution ranking the country has in its air pollution response system.
The study, appearing in the March issue of the Journal of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, used two sets of lab rats in their research experiment, each group in a different enclosed space. One group of pregnant lab rats and their offspring were exposed to the polluted air; the other group was placed in a chamber that had an air filter removing the pollutants.
Nineteen days into the experiment and it was already evident that the lungs of the rats exposed to the polluted air were heavier and showed signs of inflammation, whereas the rats in the clean-air chamber did not present such results. Both male and female rats were 10% and 18% heavier, respectively, than the rats that weren’t exposed to pollutants. This confirms the study’s theory that pollution does in fact disrupt the body’s systems, contributes to weight gain through insulin resistance (which a precursor to type 2 diabetes), and contributes to inflammation in organs and the circulatory system. All lab rats were fed the same amount of food.
The results of the study, which was funded by numerous agencies in China, reiterate the findings from other studies that have come to similar conclusions stating that pollution is a contributing factor to obesity. The hopes is that such research will provide the impetus needed to reduce pollution emissions all over the world but with particular emphasis on countries severely crippled by the massive clouds of pollution that hover over their cities.
Even though 4,000 people die per day from air pollution in China, China is not the worst offender—India is ranked as the world’s most polluted country in terms of air quality. If carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced to acceptable levels or better, much of China’s air pollution problem could be resolved.
Source for Today’s Article:
Wei, Y., et al, “Chronic Exposure to Air Pollution Particles Increases the Risk of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: Findings from a Natural Experiment in Beijing,” Journal of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, March 2016, doi: 10.1096/fj.201500142.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.doctorshealthpress.com/health-news/air-pollution-may-leads-obesity-diabetes
|
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| 0.962874
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PASADENA (CBS) — New laws take effect Sunday, including Pasadena’s citywide ban on plastic bags and a statewide ban on foie gras.
Signs were put up at supermarkets across Pasadena informing customers of the ban on plastic bags. Brown paper bags will now cost shoppers a dime apiece.
A first-of-its-kind ban on the goose and duck liver delicacy foie gras is also taking effect statewide.
Animal rights activists targeted the gourmet treat arguing the process of fattening up the livers was tantamount to animal cruelty.
Also effective Sunday is a law requiring tattoo and piercing artists, who apply permanent makeup, to register with a local government agency and get vaccinated against Hepatitis B, the Associated Press reported.
Another law aimed at protecting consumers from buying lemons is targeting used cars.
Cristy Fajardo, reporting for CBS2 and KCAL9, says car dealers will now have to place red warning stickers on vehicles that are listed as “salvaged” or “inundated during floods.”
Meantime, two other state laws expand insurance coverage. One will require insurance providers to cover maternity services, while the other will require coverage for treatment of autism in young people.
Other midyear laws taking effect include two anti-bullying laws, one of which will require schools to update harassment and discrimination policies. The other will require training for school employees and gives priority in transferring districts to targets of bullying.
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| 0.941642
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|
Advances in PET Scanning
Advances in PET Scanning
While PET scans are well established in diagnosing and staging cancer, researchers say the technology’s potential is untapped, with exciting advances on the horizon. Researchers are looking for different applications for PET scanning, testing new radiotracer agents for organs and disease processes not well visualized with FDG, and monitoring treatment effectiveness.
Before 2000, PET scans were just that, PET scans, according to Vivek Bhatt, General Manager of GE Healthcare’s PET division. The scans showed the level of radiotracer uptake, pinpointing activity levels of cancer cells, but without an understanding of the involved organs or anatomical features. Were you looking at a lymph node? An organ? That’s where PET/CT came in, superimposing the CT’s anatomical details onto the PET-provided cellular activity level.
According to Bhatt, using MR for that anatomical detail was considered as early as 2002, since it’s better at differentiating soft tissue in the brain, liver and spine than CT.
“A major thing right now in our field is getting into some other applications of PET,” said Abass Alavi, MD, professor in the department of radiology at University of Pennsylvania’s School of Medicine. Alavi noted that cancer has been PET’s main focus over the past 20 years. “It can be used for diagnosis, but it’s mostly used for staging, seeing the extent of the disease, response to treatment, and looking for follow-up recurrence. It’s been revolutionary. We see the extent of the disease much more because it’s at least 20% more sensitive than CT.”
While the FDG radiotracer agent is still the gold standard, researchers are working on new tracers that would allow PET scans for different uses. “We have barely touched the ground even with the drug like FDG,” said Alavi. There is also a lot of interest in developing more targeted tracers for liver, prostate and cardiac imaging, angiogenesis, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. “These are situations in which FDG is not the ideal tracer to use,” said Bhatt.
Alzheimer’s disease is one of the hottest areas. JAMA published a study in January, 2011 by Christopher Clark, MD of Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, showing promise that their biomarker was able to detect beta amyloid in the brains of living patients. Being able to confirm Alzheimer's disease in living patients, especially before dementia or other symptoms appear, could help researchers develop and test medications to treat the disease.
“One of the areas that’s exciting is in amyloid imaging for Alzheimer’s disease,” said Carolyn Cicis Meltzer, MD, chair of radiology at Emory University School of Medicine. “Agents like the f18 AV-45 are particularly promising, for binding to amyloid.”
Researchers have looked at amino acids as one approach to developing more specific tumor markers, as well as receptors that could be tumor markers, such as estrogen receptors in breast cancer, said Meltzer. Other proteins may be markers for disease processes, like amyloid is for Alzheimer’s disease. “The idea is to get as specific as possible with the markers that we target,” said Meltzer.
Within the cancer realm, researchers are looking at markers of hypoxia, since tumors outgrowing their blood supply rely on anaerobic metabolism. Meltzer said that while the agents developed the past for hypoxia weren’t very sensitive, newer agents are showing greater promise.
Hybrid PET/MR Machines
Three companies have introduced some form of hybrid PET/MR technology (see sidebar). “The great advantage of MR/PET will be simultaneous functional imaging which you don’t have from PET/CT, which is sequential,” said Meltzer. Her department was one of two U.S. sites to have an early prototype of Siemens’ PET/MR machine.
Siemens Healthcare Biograph mMR is the most advanced of hybrid technologies, and actually scans the patient only once, taking about 30 minutes. It just received its CE mark in early June, so European customers can use it for routine clinical use. In the U.S., it’s being used for clinical research at Massachusetts General Hospital. (Siemens recieved FDA approval in the US post-publication.)
Philips Ingenuity TF system places the PET scanner and MRI scanner at opposite ends of the patient table. The table is rotated between exams, to allow scanning from the same position. This scanner received its CE Mark in January of this year. The only PET/MR technology available in the United States is GE’s Tri-Modality Imaging PET/CT + MRI. It’s not a true hybrid, because the machines are not only separate, but in different rooms. However GE’s software merges data from the two scans and the machines can be used independently.
While software fusing PET and MR images has been available for a number of years, “GE's very elaborate and complicated system is unique in its design,” said Alavi.
Alavi said that PET/CT has established itself as an important and in many ways a required modality to practice PET, however “PET-MRI is still considered experimental at this stage and it will take a while before we will realize how important its contribution will be. The excitement from PET/CT cannot be translated to PET-MRI at this time.”
Meltzer had similar thoughts. “Certainly I don’t think it’s going to be as big a mainstream hit as PET/CT, though we didn’t foresee at that time that PET/CT would be the unifying modality that it’s become. MR/PET is still searching for the right clinical application, and working out the bugs in terms of the technical aspects.”
Part of the research is to find out where PET/CT is superior to PET/MR, and vice versa. “Just having a PET/MR system doesn’t necessarily mean that it will be better than PET/CT in all cases,” said Bhatt, noting that CT is currently a better technology for lung imaging than MR. He added that a PET/MR combination, along with new tracers, could potentially create tools that are not available today.
The technical aspects have been challenging for developers. Alavi said that the main issue with PET/MR is correcting for attenuation of gamma rays emitted from positron emitting istotopes. “X-ray from CT is ideally suited for this purpose. This is an extremely serious problem with MRI and it may never become solvable. Therefore, the use of PET-MRI is mostly confined to brain disorders where attenuation correction is a minor issue.”
Bhatt noted that the challenge in developing a PET/MR machine is that a standard PET detector, an analog photomultiplier tube technology, won’t work in a hybrid PET/MR machine. Instead, what’s needed is a digital technology like the more mature avalanche photodiode detector or the newer, better performing silicon (solid-state) photomultiplier, which is more capable of the latest reconstruction techniques. Bhatt said that GE wants to have both a solid-state photomultipler and Time-of-Flight capability in a PET/MR machine, but he was not able to comment on when a machine like this would be available.
PET for Monitoring
While researchers know the value of PET for diagnosing and staging cancer, Bhatt says the future of PET imaging is therapy monitoring. Rather than just imaging the patient at the beginning and end of chemotherapy, he said physicians will be monitoring patients more frequently to determine how well the treatment is working. “Clinicians want to reduce variability and make quantification repeatable enough so they know whether the tumor trends are going down or up,” Bhatt said. He noted that pharmaceutical companies are working on developing quantitative biomarkers for this.
Another type of quantification, said Alavi, is being able to quantify the extent of the disease with a number. “We think that with new, modern quantification, which we can’t do with CT or MRI, we can see the extent of the disease. These are valuable pieces of information you cannot get with other modalities.”
PET scanning is helping monitor the therapy of patients with tuberculosis. The Journal of Nuclear Medicine published a study in May, with patients who underwent tuberculosis treatment, with scanning before and then four months after treatment began. They found the maximum standardized uptake value, the lymph nodes involved, and which patients responded to treatment.
“Therapeutic evidence can be seen early on with PET scanning, whereas those changes won’t show on CT for a long time,” said Alavi.
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The application of 3 dimensional printing in space
1 . Just how is 3 DIMENSIONAL Printing being used in the Space Industry, and just how will using it in Space be groundbreaking for the technology?
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A company by the name of Planetary Resources developed a spacecraft in 2014 that was totally made making use of 3D technology. The create was designed applying CAD application and parts were imprinted using THREE DIMENSIONAL printers. The ultimate product expense and weighed significantly less than an average NASA dish. The final merchandise was designed to end up being rather simple and did not provide a very essential function, however the fact that a 3D printer could make on thing capable of spaceflight is definitely amazing, this is particularly amazing considering the fact the product only had around 12 moving parts. This really is a tremendous step forward in the THREE DIMENSIONAL printing sector and shows that THREE DIMENSIONAL printing is not only a trend for enthusiasts. A machine that is capable of producing spacecraft is likely to be able of anything at all.
installment payments on your How are fresh reality capture platforms impacting on the 3D IMAGES printing industry? What are many of these new options for capturing info?
Since 3D creating has is constantly on the evolve over the years, reality catch has grown along with this. 3D readers and photogrammetry technology features advanced significantly. Incredibly high resolution 3D types can now be created from equipment for example a basic smartphone. The software for reality get has continue to be evolve to develop more complicated and complex, printable models. Portable scanners can be used almost anywhere to make a 3D model of nearly any thing. High resolution cams can be used in association with photogrammetry software program to produce extremely detailed 3D IMAGES models of actual life objects. These kinds of higher quality 3D models makes it possible for the final prints to be for exact, detailed along with an overall good quality than ever before. While reality get techniques still improve, the standard of models and their subsequent styles will improve too.
a few. What are a few of the near future estimations for 3D IMAGES printing in respect to sector leaders and researchers? Make sure you include data from videos and blood pressure measurements in your solution. In particular, assessment the video clips from Avi Reichental and Ping Venne.
In the instant future roughly industries just like jewelry, playthings, trinkets, ceramics, small gifts etc . will certainly boom inside the 3D printing world. It will be possible that within ten years, THREE DIMENSIONAL printing only will be the way we generate small , straightforward items like these. Accessories and clothes can be easier and easier to create as the technology improvements. Large-scale industry products just like cars, motorboats, airplanes, spacecraft, factory machinery etc . will also begin to integrate 3D producing more and more, nevertheless this will certainly not be standard for some time. Both the biggest types of forthcoming 3D stamping are steel printing and bio producing. Metal printing is already possible and have been widely used and experimented with. While this process can be perfected, significant metal goods such as cars will become easier, cheaper and faster to produce. Bio stamping is still in the experimental stages, however it can be described as quickly developing technology. Researchers are currently capable of print pores and skin directly onto injured parts of the body. Entire body parts such as hearing have already been imprinted and researchers hope to shortly be able to print larger appendage such as livers and kidneys to pelisse into patients. Researchers and industry market leaders in these fields see the many potential benefits of 3D technologies such as even less waste. A far more important benefit though is definitely the customization options. The huge customization that comes with 3D solutions will allow consumers to help design and see exactly what they want far easier than ever before.
4. How is 3D IMAGES Printing impacting art? What changes in the artwork sector happen to be happening due to this technology?
Music artists are now making use of 3D CAD software to create art bits such as sculptures. The software programs allow the music artists to design for further complicated and obscure models than they previously could. Handheld scanners allow designers to scan a person or item that they can wish to a skill piece. This kind of scan can then be uploaded to computer software in which the artist can alter the part in any was that he or she delights. The artist can then utilize the model as a model to make the completed piece manually , or the designer can printing the sophisticated and edited model in a printer. Movies are now beginning use THREE DIMENSIONAL technologies including scanners to help create digital and SPECIAL effects. The special effects professionals can use reader to create models of people are areas that can electronically rendered and placed into the movie. This allows the effects team to make a fully CGI with much larger ease than in the past. Another progression for fine art is the creation of toned portraits and busts. Now using LED lights and cameras jointly with photogrammetry and 3D readers, incredibly accurate 3D versions can be made from individuals who want portraits made of themselves. These kinds of 3D types can then be printed for buyer requiring the portrait applying high quality 3D printers. This is a much less and faster process than asking an artist to physically shape a symbol of someone.
5. About what ways will/has 3D producing impacted education, digital heritage, and learning, and provide five of your own forecasts for 3 DIMENSIONAL printing in the future?
As being a disruptive technology, 3D producing and 3D IMAGES technologies have got begun to change the way we do almost everything, including learning, teaching and heritage maintenance. In the past, a teacher in a classroom for example would need to have objects available to teach with, or purchase these and possess them transported. Now, if the teacher features access to 3D IMAGES printing, they might simply search for a model to get the object the girl wishes to train with and print it. Instant access to teaching equipment will still facilitate learning and desire for learning. Intended for heritage preservation 3D checking and photogrammetry have had incredibly great impacts. Previously, to acquire a model associated with an artifact in the field, a researcher would have to press a material onto the artifact and create a mould. Now, analysts can simply scan the object with a handheld scanning device and produce a 3D model, which can then be printed. This allows experts to have high detailed photos and models of the parts they are learning without ever getting into physical exposure to or ruining the part.
In my opinion the most exciting thing on the horizon intended for 3D producing is bio printing. The ability to print skin directly upon wounded sufferer is outstanding, without 3 DIMENSIONAL technology this could never be possible. In the near future I anticipate that simple body organ such as livers and kidneys will be printed in labs and incorporated into individuals. In the to some degree distant future I hope to determine more complicated organs or even appendage systems published, these can include eye, stomachs, intestinal tract even minds. The ability to 3D IMAGES print a custom center made from someone’s own muscle tissue would significantly change the medical world.
Soon I as well see 3D IMAGES printing exchanging the current making techniques for everyday items just like clothes, displays, jewelry, door handles, cellphone cases etc . I believe that the technology provides advanced until almost all creation of basic items could possibly be accomplished applying 3D stamping. This would likewise allow day-to-day items to be customizable intended for the consumer and also cut down on spend. I see an industry where a customer can head into a store, demonstrate clerk and pair of diamond earrings she would like, and with in an hour the earrings will probably be printed and ready for her to wear. This sort of production can be incredibly profitable based on the customization options alone. While technologies continue to progress and improve I believe that it will end up being the norm to have 3D published items just like dishware, garments, jewelry and so forth
With 3D printers and scanner becoming more and more cheaper and cheaper In my opinion that it will become very regular for a person to have a 3 DIMENSIONAL printer in their home. A lot of people have standard 2D machines already which will most industry professionals believed would never happen. As 3 DIMENSIONAL printers come down into the 200-300 dollar range I think that more and more people will get printers for his or her private make use of. In residence 3D stamping would be very useful for day-to-day fixes and basic needs. For example if the cabinet compartment breaks, you can easily always be printed to replace it all, or if the person has to have a certain size wrench or drill little bit they can conveniently print one particular up. In home 3D IMAGES printing will be great for selfmade gifts like jewelry or maybe a custom picture frame, the probabilities or nearly endless. Certainly these in residence 3D computer printers would not become very high quality but they high enough to accomplish basic designs as I possess described. Decades down the road while printing technology increases, the standard of in home printers can continue to maximize as well. We also find 3D computer software increasing to go along with the in home inkjet printer. I feel that it might be very useful with an app on the smartphone that could scan something, similar to 123D Catch, yet , once this kind of item is scanned and a model is established, the software would be able to create a tested model. This model could then simply be kept as an. stl data file and published directly from the smartphone via Wi-Fi. With companies like AutoDesk currently working on 3D software continually, I see an inexpensive or even free of charge app that can accomplish this process in the near future.
With large scale professional companies testing and working with 3D printing I see a sizable increase in 3D IMAGES printed technology such as automobiles, boats, plane and even spacecraft. Some businesses are beginning to develop printers that could directly printing concrete. With enough time and advancement inside the 3D stamping industry I realize a time in which homes and buildings may be directly published. Of course advanced technologies enjoys these are within a slightly more far away future than others nevertheless I do believe that they are very possible and will also be somewhat common in the somewhat distant future.
In the field of ethnic and traditions research and preservation the advancements will be huge. While institutions like the Smithsonian and the British Art gallery continue to check out their pieces the catalogue of THREE DIMENSIONAL artifacts will grow significantly. This will allow experts and teachers to have usage of millions of old artifacts to examine, learn and teach about. The online collection of 3D historical past artifacts will reduce the destruction of ancient pieces, since researchers should be able to study these people without harming associated with physical get in touch with. This will also allow for items to be about exhibit in museums because they will not end up being stuck inside the basement beneath the eye of researchers. Researchers will still be capable to study and find out about these bits at the same time that they can be on display.
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Southfield, Mich., February 10, 2009 – Nothing like it has ever taken place in Detroit before. For the first time ever, The Engineering Society of Detroit (ESD) and the Detroit Regional Chapter of the US Green Building Council will present Greening the Heartland Conference—a three day event devoted to green building and sustainability practices.
From May 31, 2009 to June 2, 2009, COBO Center will play host to hundreds of attendees and exhibitors from Michigan and 11 other states, who will converge on Detroit to learn the latest in green innovations and initiatives.
The theme of the 2009 Greening the Heartland Conference is ABILITY. The event will promote sustainable design, construction and management strategies and methodologies for the building industry to integrate and implement by encouraging joint leadership by the private and public sectors throughout the Heartland Region. Attendees will receive the “tools” to achieve these goals through outstanding education & training sessions, keynote speakers, tours, and other engaging activities. The event will focus on presenting tangible, practical information, case studies and proven methods.
The conference’s keynote speaker will be David T. Suzuki, PhD, co-founder of the David Suzuki Foundation, an award-winning scientist, environmentalist and broadcaster. He is well known to millions as the host of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation’s popular science television series, The Nature of Things. His eight-part series, A Planet for the Taking won an award from the United Nations. His eight-part PBS series The Secret of Life was praised internationally, as was his five-part series The Brain for the Discovery Channel. For CBC Radio he founded the long-running radio series, Quirks and Quarks and has presented two influential documentary series on the environment, From Naked Ape to Superspecies and It’s a Matter of Survival.
In addition to the educational tracks and sessions, the conference will feature a legacy project, workshops, tours, special events, and much more.
For more information about Greening the Heartland, visit www.greeningtheheartland.org or by calling Della Cassia at 248-353-0735, ext. 112.
Founded in 1895, ESD is a multi-disciplinary society uniting engineering, scientific and allied professions to enhance professional development and foster excitement in math and science to produce our next generation of leaders. Serving this generation of engineers and fostering the next. For more information, visit www.esd.org.
The U.S. Green Building Council-Detroit Chapter’s mission is to transform and educate the Southeastern Michigan region design and construction marketplace to integrate and implement sustainable methodologies into the building industry. For more information, visit http://chapters.usgbc.org/detroit/
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In this line of research, I'm interested in heritage practices developed by groups whose experiences have been overlooked and marginalised. My work focuses especially on the not-so-easily-pinned-down heritages of transnationally-mobile people.
In the societal outreach I do related to this theme, I focus on bringing together scholars, heritage practitioners, artists, and educators with the objective to creatively and collectively re-envision how mobile lives can be better integrated into the ways in which our histories are learned and incorporated both in education and in everyday life.
See below for:
Here's what I've been publishing in this research area...
Mehus, I., Eldalil, R., Wurpel, D., Ormond, M. & Kashash, H. (2022). Roots Guide: Nederland - Verbind je met mensen en plaatsen. [Roots Guide: The Netherlands - Connect with people and places.] Haarlem: Pocket Stories. ISBN: 978-90-9035371-5
Ontdek Nederland zoals nooit tevoren. Roots Guide nodigt je uit om uit je dagelijkse routines te stappen en in het hier en nu te leven. Ga mee op een interactieve en diep persoonlijke reis met deze vier stappen: Reflect, Connect, Explore, Share. Tijdens je reis word je vergezeld door inspirende gidsen van verschillende migratieachtergronden. Speciaal ontworpen vragen zullen je aanzetten tot reflectie en dialoog. Laat je meenemen op avontuur met spannende activiteiten en deel je nieuwe ervaringen met bekenden en onbekenden. Aan het einde van je Roots Guide reis zal je Nederland niet alleen anders zien, maar wil je misschien ook anders in Nederland zijn.
Ormond, M. & Vietti, F. (2021) 'Beyond multicultural "tolerance": guided tours and guidebooks as transformative tools for civic learning', Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 30(2-3), 533-559.
In bringing people together that otherwise might have little more than passing contact with one another, tourism is appreciated for its potential to transform mindsets by fostering multi-perspectivity, a cornerstone of global citizenship education, among both ‘tourists’ and ‘locals’. Hence, while tourism plays a significant role in marginalising and exploiting immigrants’ bodies, labour and heritages, it also holds significant potential as a critical pedagogical tool for transcending the limits of multicultural tolerance discourse and combatting exploitation and xenophobia. In this article, we reflect on two Europe-based global citizenship-inspired initiatives bringing together migration and tourism in novel ways: Migrantour guided walking tours and the Roots Guide guidebook. They endeavour to rework guided tours and guidebooks, two of tourism’s most common pedagogical tools, into ‘good company’ that supports the Arendtian practice of ‘visiting’ as a key mode of civic learning. In so doing, we explore the representational and structural opportunities and challenges that these two initiatives encounter as they seek to co-create multi-dimensional narratives and routes in ways that recognise guides’ diverse experiences and perceptions of the places they call home, avoid stereotypical representations of ‘communities’ and hold space for the real-life frictions that accompany diversity.
Ormond, M. (2018) ‘Adoption, genealogical bewilderment and biological heritage bricolage’, in H. Muzaini and C. Minca (eds), After Heritage: Critical Geographies of Heritage-From-Below, London: Edward Elgar, pp. 148-168.
Closed adoptions – where birth and adoption records are legally sealed to obscure adoptees’ biological parentage – were once the norm in many western Anglophone countries. Grassroots resistance to closed adoption relied upon the belief that deprivation of knowledge of their true biological origins could lead to psychological trauma among adoptees. In this chapter, I reflect on my own mother’s sense of deprivation as a resullt of closed adoption, her desire for a coherent origin story and her consequent process of cobbling together disparate fragments of legally-, religiously-, scientifically-, commercially- and familiarly-authorised and -authorising heritages from among diverse analogue, digital and biotechnical resources rendered intelligible, relevant and truthful by societal and (bio)technological transformations over time. In so doing, I call attention to complicated power relations in everyday personal heritage practices that challenge the simplistic pitting of ‘heritage from below’ (Robertson 2012) against ‘Authorised Heritage Discourse’ (AHD) (Smith 2006).
Ormond, M. (2018) ‘Heritage from below’, Hiraeth Podcast, July, Amsterdam.
In the Hiraeth podcast episode, I address the concept of 'heritage from below'. I do this by discussing my own complicated sense of personal heritage, linked to my two passport countries (the U.S. and Portugal) as well as the Netherlands (my current home) and other countries that have touched my life. My identity has been shaped by both my own travels around the world and my family history, which includes my mother’s search for her birth parents on two continents.
Ormond, M. (2018) 'Travel and hospitality as political acts', Pocket Stories, Haarlem, July.
What responsibility do we have to recognise and respect (seemingly) distant others? This is a personal story about the significance of both intra- and inter-national travel and migration in the ways I came to make sense of my relationship with the people and places of my youth in a small town in the United States.
Ormond, M. (2018) ‘This place, that place and the other’, Hiraeth Magazine, Amsterdam, July.
What conditions must be satisfied for someone able to claim a national identity? This is a personal story exploring my shifting relationship with my second passport country, Portugal, after I left the country. Do I still have the right to claim Portuguese-ness? Did I ever?
Ong, C.E., Ormond, M., and Sulianti, D. (2017) 'Performing "Chinese-ness" in Singkawang: Diasporic moorings, festivals and tourism', Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 58(1), 41-56. DOI: 10.1111/apv.12149
Through an examination of two festivals – Qing Ming and Cap Go Meh – in the town of Singkawang in Indonesian Borneo (Kalimantan), we show how Singkawang-bound Chinese Indonesian tourists and their Singkawang-based relatives produce a diasporic heritage network through ‘moorings’ generated by both transnational and internal migration. Instead of returning to a singular ‘homeland’ in distant China, these tourists return to Chinese-majority Singkawang as a result of their personal genealogical roots and of their broader cultural allegiance with a kind of Chinese-ness that Singkawang has come to represent within a post-Suharto Indonesia. Through these two festivals, we demonstrate how personal heritage practices like ‘roots tourism’ and visiting friends and relatives (VFR) are intimately bound up with identity and developmental politics at local, national and international scales. In so doing, we identify a range of ways in which migratory and tourism flows by Chinese Indonesian internal migrants shape relations to their ancestral hometowns and cultural ‘homelands’ in Indonesia within the context of membership to and participation in a broader transnational diaspora.
Fonseca, M.L. and Ormond, M. (2008) ‘Defining “family” and bringing it together: the ins and outs of family reunification in Portugal’, in R. Grillo (ed.), The Family in Question: Immigrants and Ethnic Minorities in Multicultural Europe, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, pp. 89-112.
Book abstract: The family lives of immigrants and ethnic minority populations have become central to arguments about the right and wrong ways of living in multicultural societies. While the characteristic cultural practices of such families have long been scrutinized by the media and policy makers, these groups themselves are beginning to reflect on how to manage their family relationships. Exploring case studies from Austria, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and Australia, The Family in Question explores how those in public policy often dangerously reflect the popular imagination, rather than recognizing the complex changes taking place within the global immigrant community.
Fonseca, M.L., Ormond, M., Malheiros, J.M., Patrício, M. and Martins, F. (2005) Reunificação familiar e imigração em Portugal [Family Reunification and Immigration in Portugal], Lisbon: ACIME.
'Reunificação familiar e imigração em Portugal' ('Family reunification and immigration in Portugal') provides a framework of the phenomenon of family reunification and the integration of immigrants in host societies, by examining the experiences of countries with a deeper tradition of immigration than Portugal, such as North-western European countries and the United States. It also comprises an overview of Portugal’s experience with immigration, based on information available from official statistical sources, an appendix with a comparative table that summarises selected European Union member-states’ national legislation on family reunification, as well as an analysis comparing the Portuguese legislation with the EU Directive relative to family reunification (Directive 2003/86/CE). Taking into account the general lack of data and the limitations of the data that does exist, a survey was performed on a sample of non-EU citizens living in Portugal representative of the largest immigration populations or of populations that, despite currently being small, have displayed significant growth potential. In order to evaluate the potential to receive immigrant families at the regional level, case studies were conducted in a variety of districts across the country based upon interviews and focus groups with immigrants, socio-cultural institutions, NGOs and other relevant local actors from both public and private sectors.
Ormond, M. (2002) ‘Mapping Minority Media: The National Context—Belgium’, Diasporic Minorities and their Media in the EU: A Mapping, Media@LSE, London School of Economics.
This report was part of the project led by Myria Georgiou (Media@LSE, London School of Economics) entitled 'Diasporic Minorities and their Media in the EU: A Mapping' completed in 2003.
Here's what I've been up to in this research area...
Milan, 3-4 Dec. 2019
Presenter, discussing Roots Guide in relation to the Migrantour concept.
Association of European Migration Institutions Annual Conference
Antwerp, 2-5 Oct. 2019
Panellist, 'A Kaleidoscope of Stories. Families, Neighbourhoods, Churches, Trade Unions and Governments: Panel' session organised by Marijke van Faassen and Rik Hoekstra, Huygens Institute. See conference webpage
MeditHerity Summer School
Malta, 14-22 Sept. 2019
Lecturer teaching on 'Migration, heritage politics and the role of tourism' at the summer school organised by Francesco Vietti (University of Milan-Biccoca) and Rachel Radmili (University of Malta).
Curator and core production team member for Roots Guide, a novel travel guidebook and travel diary that invites us to undertake both outer and inner journeys by revisiting what we think we know about life in the Netherlands starting at our very own doorsteps. This social inclusion and heritage education tool will be published in 2020.
Heritage-From-Below Education and Research Collective (HERC)
Coordinator of a network of scholars, heritage practitioners and artists focusing on 1) how, by whom and where novel heritage-from-below practices are being developed by and with groups whose heritages have been overlooked and marginalized, 2) developing collaboration among different actors interested in opening up the ways in which history and heritage are framed and learned, and 3) assessing the existence of, and opportunities for developing, history and geography curricula and lesson plans suited to primary and secondary schools in the Netherlands that gives students new perspectives on collective and personal heritage and their interconnections.
'The Value of Life: Measurement, Stakes, Implications’ International Conference
Wageningen, 28-30 Jun. 2017
Co-organiser with Karin Peters (Wageningen University) of the double session enttitled ‘Whose heritages matter? Re-imagining “Dutch-ness” through migration in and beyond the Netherlands’.
Expatriate Archive Centre
Board member of the Expatriate Archive Centre (EAC), which collects and preserves the life stories of expatriates worldwide for research. EAC promotes the study of expatriate life from a wide range of perspectives. Their definition of ‘expatriate’ is anyone who lives temporarily in a country other than their ‘home’ country.
There's so much great work being done out there. Here's what really inspires me these days.
The cities of the Migrantour network offer intercultural urban walks, a form of responsible tourism at kilometer zero, which sees as protagonists fellow citizens also coming from distant worlds.
MeLA European Museums in an Age of Migrations
MeLa was a four-year (2011-15) multidisciplinary and collaborative research project involving nine European partners funded by the European Commission. Adopting the notion of “migration” as a paradigm of the contemporary global and multi-cultural world, MeLa investigated the role of museums in 21st century Europe, and their ongoing evolution triggered by accelerated mobility, fluid circulation of information, ideas and cultures, and the consequent increase of cultural encounters, cross-fertilisation and hybridisation of societies and identities, as well as by the politic, economic and cultural processes pertaining to the creation and consolidation of the European Union. By analysing contemporary museums both as cultural spaces and physical places, MeLa aimed at identifying innovative practices which may enhance their role in fostering mutual understanding, social cohesion, and a sharper awareness of an inclusive European identity.
Their mission is to help teachers and schools educate children and youth to be active participants in a diverse democracy. US-based Teaching Tolerance provides free resources to educators—teachers, administrators, counselors and other practitioners—who work with children from kindergarten through high school. Educators use our materials to supplement the curriculum, to inform their practices, and to create civil and inclusive school communities where children are respected, valued and welcome participants. Their program emphasizes social justice and anti-bias. The anti-bias approach encourages children and young people to challenge prejudice and learn how to be agents of change in their own lives. Their Social Justice Standards show how anti-bias education works through the four domains of identity, diversity, justice and action.
Related supervised thesis projects
Contact me at meghann.ormond [@] wur.nl if you're interested in being supervised on topics related to migrant heritage.
Here are some examples of thesis proejcts I've supervised in this area:
Simone Ciuffi (with Maarten Jacobs) – ‘It is time for food revolution: New entrepreneurship and food culture in the context of tourism-oriented food offer in Havana’, 2018
Intan Purdawani (with Trista Lin) – ‘Discovering Halal Tourism: A Case Study of Granada, Andalucía', Spain’, 2018
Neringa Kavaliauskaite (with Martijn Duineveld) – ‘Interpretations of heritage sites, that are related to colonial and slavery events, in Amsterdam’, 2018
Wieteke Kalkema (with Hamzah Muzaini) – ‘How places are made: A case study on foodways in Malaysia’, 2017
Estefanya Gordillo Loyola – ‘Socio-cultural effects and meanings of small-scale festivals: Pesta Pinji’, 2015
Roos Nagtegaal – ‘“My street leads to Rome”: Residents’ perspectives on Roman heritage in neighbourhoods of Nijmegen-Oost’, 2015
Manuela Ilakova – ‘Heritage tourism and the renovation of national identify in post-communist Bulgaria’, 2013
Tresa Kadambat (with Karin Peters) – ‘Bollywood shaping the social identity of young Indo-Germans’, 2012
Dian Sulianti – ‘Religious tourism and pilgrimage: Tomb Sweeping Day in Singkawang Municipality, Indonesia’, 2012
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Details for AMD’s upcoming range of Vega powered graphics cards have started to emerge, with the top dog, the Radeon Instinct MI25 outperforming Nvidia’s Pascal powered Titan X graphics cards handily in certain applications, and crushing Maxwell without issue.
Currently, there are three distinct versions of the MI range, the MI6, MI8 and finally, the MI25. These numbers aren’t just random, but actually, represent the amount of TFLOPS of performance each card is capable of outputting.
Starting with the MI6, the card is ‘passively cooled’ and puts out about 5.7 TFLOPS of FP32 performance, has 224 GB/s memory bandwidth and appears to be powered by Polaris 10, squeezing under the 150W TDP mark.
Next, we have the MI8, which bumps up the FP32 performance to 8.2 TFLOPS, with 512 GB/s memory bandwidth and Small Form Factor compliant (but isn’t passively cooled). This accelerator operates at 175W TDP.
Finally, we have the Vega 10 powered MI25, which puts out 12.5 TFLOPS of FP32 performance, or 25 TFLOPS of FP16 (half precision) performance. Unlike its smaller brothers, it has High Bandwidth memory and controller and has a TDP of about 300W.
So AMD is really focusing a lot of the MI25’s marketing around its FP16 performance, which isn’t surprising given FP16 performance is not only higher (great for PR) but also FP16 is sufficiently accurate for deep-learning, machine learning and many other HPC tasks.
We’ve talked quite extensively about FP16 vs FP32 in part one of our PlayStation 4 Pro analysis, and we’d encourage you to read it over if you want more info on how this might benefit games (assuming AMD push this technology onto their gaming focus graphics cards… which is pretty likely).
It’s worth noting that these aren’t ‘graphics cards’ in the way you and I might think of them, they lack video outputs. You can instead think of them as co-processors for the system to offload tasks onto.
There’s also no much information regarding the Stream Processor and clock speed configuration of the Vega-based MI25. For example, currently, GCN (Graphic Core Next) architectures from AMD feature 64 Stream Processors per Compute Unit, thus a 36 CU RX 480 sports 2,304 Stream Processors.
Whether AMD has kept this configuration for Vega or not (I suspect it’s likely they have, but we’ll need to wait for official confirmation) and what clock speeds they’re running the MI25 remains a bit of a mystery.
Remember, that Polaris 10 runs at 1,266 MHZ as a standard, so we can likely assume higher clocks for Vega (given rumors). Assuming 4,096 Stream Processors, AMD would need to hit just over 1,500Mhz for the GPU to reach 12.5 TFLOPS of FP32 performance. We can calculate this with 4096 * 2 ops per clock * clock speed.
Regardless, the performance of the card is impressive – assuming AMD’s performance numbers are to be believed. Even the Pascal-based Titan X is around 70 percent slower than the MI25 in DeepBench GEMM… an impressive achievement.
AMD are also keen to boast about how their new graphics accelerators (Radeon Instinct) will run with the Zen based Naples, with high-speed network fabric and low latency being the key. Impressively, up to 120 Radeon Insinct MI25’s can be plopped together, putting out up to 3 PetaFlops of performance. I think the answer here is that yes, it probably could do a spiffy job at running Crisis.
Interestingly, all of this information closely resembles previous ‘leaks’ telling us that Vega 10 will indeed sport performance of about 12 TFLOPS (FP32), with dual configurations of the card doubling this (so 24TFLOPS).
Finally, a chart has popped up on ChipHell forum – though there is a lot of questions regarding the validity of its accuracy. Essentially it lots various GPUs from both Nvidia and AMD with their respective performance. Graphics Card, Architecture, Process, Stream processors, Clock speed, Memory type, Memory Bus Width, RAM clock speed, VRAM, Performance, TDP and finally Actual TDP.
The reason this chart hasn’t been given its own article or pride of place in this article is due to how skeptical I am of its accuracy. I personally believe it is either a fake or someone has created it as a prediction and then this chart was picked up by other websites. A few things concerning me include that it lists the GTX 1080 Ti and also the 500 series from AMD, where there is very little information on either.
For instance, the closest we have concerning the specs of the GTX 1080 Ti is that it will sport the same core as the Titan X Pascal, but with fewer CUDA cores and 10GB VRAM. Estimates back in November of this year, peg the card with between 44 and 52 SM units.
As for the 500 series from AMD – there’s multiple possibilities, including the RX500 series using the Vega 11 line of cards, or perhaps something a little different. A few days ago we’d spotted Polaris XT2, Polaris 12 and Vega listed in Mac drivers, so how the first two architectures fit into all of this is a little puzzling.
I’ll save further speculation for this article, because with the upcoming New Horizon event taking place tomorrow, there’s a chance a lot of these questions will be answered.
Thanks to Yalaz and MemeRooney for the tips emailed into us. Image credit – VideoCardz.com
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Friebel, Guido Heinz, Matthias Krüger, Miriam Zubanov, Nikolay
Year of Publication:
IZA Discussion Papers 9316
We test the effectiveness of team incentives by running a natural field experiment in a retail chain of 193 shops and 1,300 employees. As a response to intensified product market competition, the firm offered a bonus to shop teams for surpassing sales targets. A bonus to teams rather than individuals was a natural choice because the firm does not measure individual performance and relies on flexible task allocation among employees. On average, the team bonus increases sales and customer visits in the treated shops by around 3%, and wages by 2.3%. The bonus is highly profitable for the firm, generating for each bonus dollar an extra $3.80 of sales, and $2.10 of operational profit. The results show the importance of complementarities within teams and suggest that improved operational efficiency is the main mechanism behind the treatment effect. Our analysis of heterogeneous treatment effects offers a number of insights about the anatomy of teamwork. The firm decided to roll out the bonus to all of its shops, and the performance of treatment and control shops converged after the roll-out.
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Traveling to a new place can be a lot of fun, but it can also be very dangerous! There are a lot of things that can go wrong, and you need to keep them all in mind when planning your trip. Read on for some tips on traveling safely.
Only pack the clothes you will need. In some instances, it does not pay to be over-prepared. Many people pack far too many clothes when they travel. This is a problem. It is especially a problem when they inadvertently lose the bags that contained them. Try packing multipurpose clothes that you can re-wear.
Get local menus online while you are traveling. There are often countless restaurants located around hotels. If you have an internet connection where you are staying, use it to look them up online. Often you can find menus o
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Vol.5 No.6A2(2013), Article ID:33162,8 pages DOI:10.4236/health.2013.56A2005
Preventive care for burnout: General practitioner pilot program in Barcelona
1Mental Health Prevention and Early Attention Team for Patients at Risk for Psychosis (EAPPP), Catalan Health Institute (Institut Catalá de la Salut), Barcelona, Spain; *Corresponding Author: firstname.lastname@example.org
2Primary Care, Catalan Health Institute (Institut Catalá de la Salut), Barcelona, Spain
Copyright © 2013 Jorge L. Tizón et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received 21 February 2013; revised 21 March 2013; accepted 10 April 2013
Keywords: Burnout; Psychopathology; Preventive Programs; Professional health; Mental Health
Background: Despite the prevalence of “professsional exhaustion syndrome” or “burnout”, very few intervention programs for healthcare professionals have been proposed, and even fewer have been evaluated. The Catalan Health Institute requested an intervention that would be preventive, integrated, and would differentiate between those affected by burnout and those with established psychopathologic disorders requiring specific treatment. Aims: To describe the experience and initial reflections from the first cohort of primary care physicians in the Barcelona public health system to participate in a program designed to prevent burnout. Methods: Descriptive analysis of the characteristics of this secondary prevention program: design, cost estimates, recruitment and screening, and activities (training, organization, and group techniques). Particular emphasis on the process of identifying potentially affected professionals, how they were offered the opportunity to participate, and the coordinated and confidential nature of the program. Results: Of a target population of 969 family doctors and pediatricians in public primary care services in Barcelona, 6 (0.61%) applied for full program participation. All of them, along with 2 non-medical professionals in primary care services who joined the program, met the clinical and psychometric criteria (Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure, General Health Questionnaire, and the 16 Personality Factors Questionnaire) of the desired participant profile. Conclusions: The level of participation could suggest defects in program design or, alternatively, problems in the concept of burnout. This construct may be more useful for detecting stress attributed to occupational contexts than for facilitating participation in activities related to its prevention or treatment.
The use of the metaphorical term of “burnout” has suffered from problems of conceptual boundaries since its introduction by Freudenberger , Maslach and Jackson . Attempts to alleviate these problems have proposed diverse alternatives: “professional exhaustion syndrome”, “job burnout”, “work stress” or “professional disillusionment syndrome” are just a few of the more or less synonymous terms applied to a situation that everybody talks about but that is still far from being sufficiently defined.
First, we must establish that this is a psychosocial rather than a medical syndrome. Freundenberger observed and described the phenomenon as “a state of fatigue or frustration that is produced by dedication to a cause, lifestyle or relationship that does not produce the anticipated support”. Shirom , applying the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, defines burnout as an affective state characterized by feelings of insufficient physical, emotional and cognitive energy: burnout tends to occur when an individual experiences actual or threatened loss of internal or external resources and lacks the resources needed to compensate for that loss.
Various instruments have been proposed to measure this syndrome, each of them with multiple adaptations and versions, but in addition to inherent psychometric challenges they all have problems with construct validity, external validity and comparability, as a consequence of fundamental conceptual issues . In healthcare, the most common instruments are the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) , its Spanish version, the CESQT; and the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (SMBM) [5,6]. Despite the differences between them, these three research groups agree on a series of theoretical elements: 1) Burnout syndrome is far from conclusively defined. 2) The internal reliability of the construct is questionable. 3) Instruments intended to measure burnout have similar problems. 4) Therefore, the internal dimensions of the construct and of the associated measurement instruments vary widely.
Given these considerations, it is difficult to make prudent generalizations. Some studies have reported that up to 30% of doctors are “burned out”; rates vary by study design and healthcare professionals studied, ranging from 3.25% to 30% [4,7-10]. Generally, rates are higher for nurses, particularly in psychiatric nursing [10,11].
Studies have also been done on other occupations: personal care attendants, teachers, fire and police forces [4,12-14]. Overall, a review of literature from 1990 through 2002 by Boudreau and Nakashima identified 2138 publications on the topic and Shirom , in a more recent review using Google Scholar, found more than 260,000 entries using the search term “burnout”. In our own January 2013 search, we found 432,000 entries: 318,000 for “burnout” and 114,000 for “burn-out” (339,000,000 using the standard Google search engine).
Individuals who have experienced burnout or a loss of resources tend to change their health habits; this coincides with the important, and pioneering research on psychosomatic aspects of occupational stress and social inequality . Furthermore, Ahola et al. found that burnout is predictive of disease-related disability in Finland, where 22% of those who received a disability pension in that country in 2000 suffered from severe burnout syndrome according to their MBI scores.
Is burnout a mental disorder or not? Can it be assimilated into one of those proposed in the literature? Or is it a different construct for a different context, perhaps psychosocial? One of the elements that could give the construct better coherence would be to differentiate it from more generalized and accepted types of “mental disturbance” (for instance, in the International Classification of Diseases [ICD-10], or American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual [DSM-IV]). In any case, it is especially relevant to take into account the psychopathology of health professionals. Recently the “Caring for caregivers” working group of the Catalan Government’s Directive on Mental Health and Addictions (Pla Director de Salut Mental i Adiccions de la Generalitat de Catalunya 2006-2010) and the team for “Professional Health” collected data on this topic , which we have summarized in Table 1.
Nonetheless, there is no doubt that, whether or not it begins as a mental disorder and specifically as a typical
Table 1. Estimated prevalence of psychopathology in healthcare professionals and in general population.
Derived from the references cited [17,20,25], particularly Generalitat de Catalunya .
adjustment disorder, chronic burnout syndrome is a risk factor for the development of well-defined mental disorders that can be diagnosed: primarily anxiety, somatoform, depression and personality disorders [17-21].
Finally, our experience as we work with organizations suggests the following: First, it may be impossible for any organization to sustain itself if 30% of its personnel suffer from chronic burnout syndrome. Second, in epidemiological studies, the tendency for “external attribution” or the “projection” of personal discomfort to the organization may facilitate self-identification as being “burned out”.
Despite the likelihood of broad prevalence of the syndrome, very few intervention programmes for healthcare professionals have been proposed, and even fewer have been evaluated [19-25]. The objective of this project was to develop a multidimensional action specifically directed at healthcare professionals in family medicine who experience burnout, and to evaluate the results.
At the time of the study, the City of Barcelona had a population of 1,619,337 and 969 primary care physicians in the healthcare system (1671:1). The Barcelona primary care services of the Catalan Health Institute (Institut Català de la Salut, ICS) requested collaboration in designing a programme on burnout from the Occupational Health and Safety Unit (USL) and the ICS team working on the prevention of mental disorders (EAPPP). During 2009, a working group collaboratively designed a preventive intervention process called APEP (Ajuda Preventiva en l’Esgotament Profesional), or “Helping to Prevent Professional Exhaustion”, oriented towards secondary prevention of the syndrome. They took into account not only the prior experience of members of both preventive groups, but also some existing studies of similar interventions [16,20-31].
The proposed intervention was intended to have the following characteristics:
1) Preventive, rather than addressing well-established burnout syndromes.
2) Integrated, taking into account, both in prevention and treatment, the methods and techniques about which international experts agree (groups, group learning activities to improve knowledge, skills and abilities [KSAs], organizational abilities and psychotherapy systems rooted in counselling strategies).
3) Differentiation between those professionals affected by “professional exhaustion syndrome” or “burnout” and those with established psychopathologic disorders who, even if they meet the criteria for inclusion, instead require specific treatment for an existing disorder. In order to achieve this differentiation, we used psychometric tools and additional psychiatric interviews. Two psychiatrists with a combined total of 71 years of experience assisted in differentiating between these two profiles.
Table 2 shows the structure of the full APEP programme and its four basic sections. The first programme offering was designed and implemented in 2011, before the 2010 political and economic crisis swept through European public health systems.
We consider the evaluation of this first effort an essential step toward the second attempt, with an alternate format, and the eventual comparative analysis of the two approaches. The total cost of the first APEP was 17,000 Euros. The second model will use a shorter two-step protocol: initial psychopathology assessment and brief, focused psychotherapy.
Primary care doctors received information about registering for the APEP programme in four ways:
1) Two personalized email announcements from the APEP team to the entire group, with a certification of receipt.
2) Direct presentations to all healthcare centre directors in Barcelona.
3) Direct presentations by the programme coordinators in specific healthcare centres, used as pilot centres for dissemination.
4) Offers of self-assessment of “professional exhaustion” or “burnout” by taking the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (SMBM), posted prominently on the homepage of the Barcelona City Primary Care website.
Target population: 969 Barcelona primary care doctors.
Inclusion criteria: 1) Family doctors engaged in direct clinical care; in the end, because of the number of places available (20) and their expressed interest, one nurse and one social worker working in the primary health system were also included. 2) Self-identified or recommended by colleagues or supervisors as either “burned out” or at risk. All participants provided signed informed consent.
Exclusion criteria: 1) Obvious or diagnosed psychopathology already known to the Occupational Health and Safety Unit. 2) Very advanced, long-term or chronic process of professional burnout. 3) Evidence of serious psychopathology in the exploratory interviews.
Exclusion criteria were assessed during the applicant’s individual interviews with the team’s two psychiatrists. Before the second interview, each applicant completed a variety of psychometric tests used in the APEP programme. A third interview was an option if necessary.
Objective of the interviews: To characterize each applicant profile into one of three possible categories:
1) No evidence of professional exhaustion syndrome (not an APEP profile), nor evidence of psychopathology.
2) Signs of professional burnout or exhaustion syndrome, and could benefit from APEP participation.
3) Needs specialized assistance, whether psychiatrist or psychotherapist (the third interview could be used to discuss this need with the individual).
To evaluate the programme, we chose four criteria: Written evaluation by participants for each of the four sections, evaluation in discussion groups, psychometric assessment and overall evaluation of the APEP team. For the psychometric evaluation we used the Castilian Spanish or Catalan version of the SMBM , the GHQ-28 and 16-Personality Factors. Table 2 summarizes the programme activities and their duration.Ethics Committee approval: The study about this pilot project was approved by the Ethics Committee for Clinical Research of the IDIAP Jordi Gol.
Of the 969 doctors (818 family doctors and 151 paediatricians) in the City of Barcelona’s primary care system, 11 health professionals (including 9 physicians, a nurse and a social worker) expressed interest in the programme, but only 8 participated in the interview phase. Finally, 6 general practitioners (0.61%) requested participation in the programme. All of the interested individuals met the inclusion criteria. Participant characteristics are shown in Table 3. Participants’ written evaluations and comments from the four who attended the final evaluation meeting were unanimously positive (in two cases, highly positive) about the programme and their appreciation for the opportunity to participate.
The clinical APEP team’s own final assessment was somewhat different. We felt that two of the participants who completed the programme had benefited greatly, one was ambivalent about the results, and another vacillated between ambivalence and a feeling that nothing had changed. Of the four whose attendance was interrupted, our evaluation was positive in one case and we had no information about the other three participants.
When we started this programme, we were surprised at first. According to our research and to informal conver-
Table 2. APEP programme activities (66.5 hours).
sations in our primary care centres, clinical and scientific sessions, and confidences shared by medical professionals in moments of spontaneity and relaxation, burnout exists and is frequent in our healthcare system. Nonetheless, despite the four systems put into place to offer preventive support through the APEP programme, the number of full applications was abnormally few: 6 doctors, just 0.61% of the eligible population, a highly significant difference from any of the participation rates we could have anticipated from “epidemiological” studies (ranging from 3.25% to 30%, according to other epidemiological studies in our country and others) [4,14,24-33].
We must here limit ourselves, then, to merely descriptive data that will need to be reassessed in light of future cohorts and larger participant groups (Table 3).
Our psychometric data points to the appropriate psychometric characteristics of the SMBM , which is the reason we chose this test. They also point out the difficulty of detecting changes in this small study group with SMBM. The GHQ seems more sensitive to changes in this small cohort.
All of the participants received a DSM-IV diagnosis from the collaborating psychiatrists who evaluated them (which does not in any way indicate that they were unable to perform their professional duties). The predominant diagnoses were “narcissistic personality disorder” and “major depression”, along with “adjustment disorder”. Both our clinical impression and the results of administering the GHQ and 16PF questionnaire led us to describe most of the participants as extremely sensitive, dutiful, self-critical—sometimes even perfectionist—and with high rates of anxiety and tension, who had to rely heavily on self-control with the inherent possibility of finding themselves without the resources needed to indefinitely sustain those qualities.
The 0.61% rate of programme registration required that we redesign the programme or, on a broader level, rethink the epidemiology and the research literature on burnout or “professional exhaustion syndrome” [30,31, 34-37]. The usual data show that when doctors assess their own burnout, the rates of “positive” responses, both to direct questions and on the various tests that specifically identify the syndrome, are very high. However, when we offered the possibility of participating in a comprehensive, evidence-based, capacity-building programme of burnout prevention, with strict guarantees of confidentiality, etc., many fewer respondents identified by SMBM or self-identified as “burned out” applied for an appropriate assistance programme.
This contradiction must cause us to reflect, not only about our own programme and its publicity and recruitment methods, but also about the concept or notion of burnout and “professional exhaustion syndrome” and the processes, results and significance of self-assessment by healthcare professionals. Our APEP team came up with several possible explanations: 1) Dissemination of APEP information might have been poorly designed and therefore did not inspire participation. 2) The syndrome, as well as the instruments by which it is assessed, is not well defined from a theoretical and clinical perspective and therefore yields paradoxical and controversial results, especially an excess of “false positives”. We cannot dismiss these arguments because, as we have seen, the notion of burnout possesses dubious construct validity. 3) It is impossible to distinguish between burnout and psychopathology, at least with the procedures usually utilized. This is supported by the GHQ findings. Does this mean that all professionals with psychopathology profiles such as those shown in Table 3 should participate in APEP? This would require “treating” more than 200 professionals in our context, which is impossible and probably improper from an ethical and healthcare perspective. 4) Perhaps the notion of burnout or professional exhaustion syndrome and its extensive use in university and healthcare environments, as we have noted previously [4,14,35,36], over encourages both external projection (attribution to external causes) and loss of the capacity for self-perception.
The psychopathology perspective in mental health research has developed over more than two centuries, so it
Table 3. Summary of APEP participant characteristics, 1st cohort.
cannot be easily discarded in favour of psychosocial concepts or notions that are much less delimited and useful. For instance, it is difficult to work as a primary care professional while suffering from major depression. However, despite the difficulties, a sufficiently sensitive, self-critical and perfectionist personality will “hang on” in this work for years… to the point of exhaustion. In the opposite direction, a narcissistic personality that must withstand complaints, demands, and disturbances related to dozens of interactions every day will find it difficult to tolerate this work over the long term. In other cases, agoraphobia or hypochondria or somatisation disorders represent almost a contraindication for this type of healthcare activity. On the other hand, the repeated appearance of adjustment disorder is perfectly coherent, because from the psychopathology perspective the burnout syndrome could possibly be considered an adjustment disorder, as has been argued elsewhere [24,35-37].
All of these psychopathology syndromes could also be obscuring serious (dependent, narcissistic, borderline, paranoid or schizoid) personality disorders and even severe mental disorders (psychosis, addictions, bipolar disorder). Therefore, instead of burnout or professional exhaustion syndrome, it might be preferable to talk about personal discomfort consisting of symptoms such as tiredness, anger, irritability, lack of interest in work, relationship problems, etc., that the person in question or those around him or her, or some consulting health professional, attributes to the work environment, independently of whether this aetiology can be proven or not.
Within this perspective, the workplace can carry a lot of weight as either a major risk factor for disequilibrium or a resilience (or containment) factor [35,37]. We must always pay attention to the containment and therapeutic value of work and workplace relationships . On the other hand, some working conditions contribute to psychopathology, constituting a risk factor for mental health [23,24,34-37]. What’s more, from our perspective, this is among the most relevant risk factors groups. For example, working in emergency medicine or intensive monitoring, intensive care or neonatal units for years, without the persistent support of ongoing professional training and psychological support, is a known risk factor for physical and mental health [10,11,18,22,23]. We also know this about teachers and the fire and police forces [12-14]. Why, then, do we not talk about psychopathologic disorders or syndromes aggravated or influenced by working conditions? Perhaps because modern psychiatry tends to discount the influence of work? If true, it would be difficult to strategize and act upon the complex chain of factors that influence the wellbeing or occupational stress of primary care and mental health professionals (Figure 1).
A direct consequence is that undergraduate and postgraduate education and continuous professional training of healthcare personnel must address the psychological —and psychosocial—components of medical practice more thoroughly [34,35,37]. The concept of burnout or professional exhaustion syndrome then becomes notably more complex, as Figure 1 attempts to summarize.
1) We need more studies about interventions to prevent burnout using common and well known evaluation
Figure 1. Risk factors for “Psychopathology syndromes influenced by working conditions” or “Burnout syndrome” in primary care and mental health care professionals.
2) It is crucial to study and determine the best way to catch the professional’s attention and secure their participation in appropriate interventions.
3) The burnout notion may be more useful to describe distress attributed to the job than to delimit the individuals who need professional help for that distress.
Perhaps a more complex perspective that integrates the clinical and psychopathology points of view with the psychosocial is fundamental to understand paradoxes such as those we point out in our APEP preventive intervention program. This perspective still requires much work and it will be worth doing until, paraphrasing Albert Camus in “The plague”, when asked “Who taught you all this, doctor?” we will be able to answer, “Suffering, mostly. Both that of others and my own”.
To Aitor Antoranz (ICS) for his collaboration in the development of the databases.
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- Beckman, H.B., Wendland, M., Mooney, C., Krasner, M.S., Quill, T.E., Suchman, A.L. and Epstein, R.M. (2012) The impact of a program in mindful communication on primary care physicians. Academic Medicine, 87, 815- 819. doi:10.1097/ACM.0b013e318253d3b2
- Goodman, M.J. and Schorling, J.B. (2012) A mindfulness course decreases burnout and improves well-being among healthcare providers. The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 43, 119-128. doi:10.2190/PM.43.2.b
- Deneckere, S., Euwema, M., Lodewijckx, C., Panella, M., Mutsvari, T., Sermeus, W. and Vanhaecht, K. (2013) Better interprofessional teamwork, higher level of organized care, and lower risk of burnout in acute health care teams using care pathways: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Medical Care, 51, 99-107. doi:10.1097/MLR.0b013e3182763312
- Awa, W.L., Plaumann, M. and Walter, U. (2010) Burnout prevention: A review of intervention programs. Patient Education and Counseling, 78, 184-190. doi:10.1016/j.pec.2009.04.008
- Balch, C.M. and Shanafelt, T. (2010) Combating stress and burnout in surgical practice: A review. Advanced Surgery, 44, 29-47. doi:10.1016/j.yasu.2010.05.018
- Arteman, A., Colom, J., Gabilondo, A. and Masachs, E. (2012) La salut i el benestar dels professionals sanitaris en l’entorn laboral. Guia de bones pràctiques per a institucions, equips i professionals. Generalitat de Catalunya, Agència de Salut Pública, Barcelona.
- Krasner, M., Epstein, R.M., Beckman, H., Suchman, A.L., Chapman, B., Mooney, C.J. and Quill, T.E. (2009) Association of an educational program in mindful communication with burnout, empathy and attitudes among primary care physicians. Journal of the American Medical Association, 302, 1284-1293. doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1384
- Moreno, B., Gálvez, M., Garrosa, E. and Mingote, J.C. (2006) Nuevos planteamientos en la evolución del burnout. La evaluación específica del desgaste profesional médico. Atención Primaria, 38, 544-549. doi:10.1157/13095925
- Tizón, J.L. (2013) Pérdida, pena, duelo. Vivencias, investigación y asistencia. Herder, Barcelona.
- Marucco, M., Gil-Monte, P. and Flamenco, E. (2007) Síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo (burnout) en pediatras de hospitales generales, estudio comparativo de la prevalencia medida con el MBI-HSS y el CESQ. Informació Psicològica, 91-92, 32-43.
- Tizón, J.L., Daurella, N. and Cleries X. (2012) Bioingeniería o Medicina? El futuro de la medicina y la— formación de los médicos. Red-Ediciones, Barcelona.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://file.scirp.org/Html/5-8202067_33162.htm
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Candida is the variety first name for a digit of microorganism yeasts. The furthermost agreed choice is Candida albicansability. It lives in the lesser internal organ and the mucose membranes, where it collectively doesn't do any struggle because it is unbroken in watch by the "friendly bacteria" thatability live there, too. But if the stability is upset, Candida can expand and start on to inception problems, together with infectionsability on the fingernailsability and toenails.
While unguis infectionsability are common adequate - almost 7 per centum of adults undergo from them, more often than not in the toenails as opposing to the fingernailsability - the prime impose is not Candida but kingdom from the form Genus Trichophyton. Those kingdom are chargeable for the considerable majority of staple infectionsability. Still, Fungus is sometimes to blamed. Whatever the precise cause, if a plant life occupy the nails, it is set as onychomycosis
Studies viewing thatability men are twice over as likely to experience from nail infectionsability than women are, and thatability the probability increases with age. Also, those with compromisedability status systems (as with HIV) are more than ever supersensitized to it.Post ads:
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In the utmost rife gracious of nail infection, distal subungual onychomycosisability (DSC), the plant enters linking the tip of the horny structure and the toe (or finger, but once in a while) and causes the horny structure bowl to isolated from the covering underneath it. The fastener besides turns white, green, or yellowish.
There is consistently no stomach-ache at first, but the unguis is ugly, and group distress from onychomycosisability are oftentimes humiliated to let others see it and may thwart common situationsability where it would be telescopic. Because of that, time the ill health may not be traumatic or medically dangerous, treating it is more than than simply a cosmetic cerebration. Psychologically, no one desires to have thing inert and displeasing connected to their bodies.
As the plant progresses, the nail becomes four-ply and strong and separates far from the toe. Also, dead, dry things collects concerning the staple and the nail bed. Sometimes it becomes painful, conversely often, if the fastener is gluey enough, the agony is token or gone nudity.Post ads:
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The supreme influential treatmentsability for nail infections, whether candida-inducedability or otherwise, are prime general fungicidal medicationsability. Slightly little significant are local treatmentsability (ointments or creams thatability go evenly on the affected band), on the other hand finer ones are beingness industrialized.
There are people remedies, too, thatability few ethnic group verbalise by patch others jeer. Tea ligneous plant oil is a legendary antifungal that, once practical topically to the nail itself, is generally efficient. (It's one of the few "home remedies" thatability learned profession discipline can rearward up.) Grapefruit kernel quote is likewise used, but its effectivity has not been unchangeable. Likewise, applyingability condiment to the cuticle, a few drops a day for respective weeks, may be favourable in whatever patients.
In general, the address remedies get the base belief right: Pay limelight to your nails! It is so untold easier to foreclose the set of symptoms than to aliment it. Resource your feet cleanly and dry, don't impairment stiff or sticky socks or shoes, and keep your nails clipped and launder.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://talleyhl.pixnet.net/blog/post/73404622-feet-cleanly-and-dry-dont-
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|
en
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"Why are there so many buildings here?" one student asked me as we walked by the New Haven Green. This was an interesting question, one that reminded me that with all the hours we spend discussing American history, New Haven seems to be relatively forgotten or ignored. While the anecdote could be taken in several ways, it is an opportunity to bring history alive in our classrooms. The limitations of the classroom often mean that students miss out on learning their own local history. The goal of this project is simple, even if the execution might seem a little daunting. In order to understand their city and their neighborhoods better, this project aims to teach our students how to become oral historians and write the histories of their blocks. Students will learn how to conduct interviews, read maps, both current and historical, and how to compile their date to tell a story about their block. In short, students will, through learning skills and doing work, become the historians of their block. In principle, if done well, this project can be added to throughout the years as students build their own history of New Haven and find the parallels that shape the national trends and stories in their textbooks.
(Developed for U. S. History 2, grade 11; recommended for U.S. History 2 and Civics, grades 11-12)
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<urn:uuid:88f060b4-ad31-41e6-9fc2-a84d0f68d9b6>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://teachersinstitute.yale.edu/curriculum/guides/2013/2/13.02.10.x.html
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00468.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.974697
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It is important for parties to a transaction who come from other less-litigious business environments to know that U.S. buyers and sellers operate in an environment where litigation is far more frequent, and even a single word can affect the outcome of a dispute. We believe that the example below (just one of many that could be described) can help to introduce these concerns to a non-U.S. business, and illustrates the need for careful coordination with the company’s U.S. counsel.
Two of the most important and highly-negotiated sections in a purchase agreement are (1) the representations and warranties section and (2) the indemnification section. In a purchase agreement in which literally even a seemingly insignificant provision can play a critical role in resolving disputes that could involve millions of dollars, it comes as no surprise that these two sections occupy so much time during the drafting of the agreement. The representation and warranties sections include statements made by the Seller regarding its business, financial conditions, assets, existing, potential or contingent liabilities, and the validity and enforceability of the transaction. Often times these are limited by dates, such as “since January 1, 2016, the Company has been in compliance with all applicable laws.” Exceptions to these statements will be listed in a separate disclosure schedule. The indemnification section spells out how post-closing disputes with respect to losses suffered as a result of any such statement being untrue are handled. For instance, what if it turns out that on April 1, 2016, the Company violated a relatively minor environmental law, and this violation was not disclosed on the disclosure schedule? Since the parties do not want to end up in litigation over the smallest matters, there will often be a basket of a certain amount of losses that must be exceeded in order for the Buyer to make a formal claim against the Seller.
Now let’s assume the violation causes the Buyer to pay $5,000 to the relevant authorities in a case where the basket is $10,000, in this event the Buyer will have no further claims to the Seller. But had there been no basket in place, the Buyer could have brought a claim against the Seller even for the $5,000. It is thus clear how the interplay between the two sections is so crucial, as failures by the Seller with respect to the representations and warranties section may lead to disputes that are handled pursuant to the indemnification section.
In the example above, the Seller limited the representation by a specific date. In addition, the Seller will often times want to further limit the representation by writing “since January 1, 2016, the Company has been in compliance in all material respects with all applicable laws.” The materiality qualifier eliminates the need to list immaterial exceptions to the representation. The usage of the word “material” is often not used as a defined term, although in these instances the usage of the term introduces a level of speculation as to what is in fact “material.” Assuming that “material” is used in this vague manner, the question is now whether the Buyer can bring a claim for a $5,000 violation that was not disclosed (assuming there is no $10,000 limitation in place). The Seller will say that given the materiality qualifier it was not required to disclose a $5,000 violation as such violation was immaterial. The Buyer could avoid this issue by insisting on removing the materiality qualifier or by pushing to provide a dollar threshold definition of what materiality is. For instance, if the materiality threshold was $3,000, then the $5,000 violation claim would certainly be able to be brought by the Buyer. The Buyer can respond to the materiality qualifier by inserting a materiality scrape, which is a provision that typically reads as follows: “in determining whether any breach of any representation or warranty of the Seller has occurred, the term ‘material’ shall be disregarded.” The Seller would thus be liable for any losses that occur, even if the loss was considered to have occurred due to an immaterial event, subject to any basket that is included in the purchase agreement.
The examples discussed above show the need for reviewing an agreement in its entirety to fully understand the interplay between sections. While the representations and warranties section and the indemnification section are often many pages apart, there is a direct interplay between the sections that is fundamental in understanding the agreement. Further, the usage of deliberately subjective words such as “material” add another level of complexity that may prevent the Buyer from recovering certain losses. It is no wonder that Buyers will often push back either directly or indirectly against materiality qualifiers and attempt to introduce additional language, such as the materiality scrape, that provide greater certainty to addressing post-closing claims and allocating any loss between the Seller and the Buyer.
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<urn:uuid:e677dec9-fd92-4dda-8811-d4c58036fdce>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.gtlaw-israelpractice.com/2016/07/20/materiality-provisions-in-purchase-agreements/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00076.warc.gz
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en
| 0.961058
| 1,005
| 1.601563
| 2
|
Distance from Chin to Barka'
Distance from Chin to Barkā’ is 3,651 kilometers. This air travel distance is equal to 2,269 miles.
The air travel (bird fly) shortest distance between Chin and Barkā’ is 3,651 km= 2,269 miles.
If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles) from Chin to Barka', It takes 4.05 hours to arrive.
Chin is located in Myanmar.
|GPS Coordinates (DMS)||22° 23´ 22.8480'' N |
93° 34´ 52.5720'' E
Chin Distances to Cities
|Distance from Chin to Barka||3,651 km|
|Distance from Chin to Az Zahirah||3,855 km|
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<urn:uuid:bed73bca-faea-4f84-bff1-def7663de9c5>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.distancefromto.net/distance-from-chin-to-barka-om
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00216-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.844879
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| 1.898438
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|
Vegetable is a culinary term which has no botanical meaning. Although the concept is generally understood, the popular definition of "vegetable" is imprecise and incomplete. At best a vegetable can be defined as "a plant, usually herbaceous, of which any part is eaten in savoury dishes". The edible parts may be leaves, roots, tubers, bulbs, stems, pods, flowers or seeds. Some fruits are also treated as vegetables.
Most vegetables are cultivated, having been developed from wild predecessors. There are a vast number of species, within which are numerous cultivars, each with different properties and differing nutritional profiles, but most are rich in essential nutrients and fibre, while low in fat. Accordingly, vegetables are generally considered a vital part of a well-balanced diet
With some notable exceptions, vegetables are best eaten frehly picked. Because they continue to live when harvested from the plant, vegetables use their own stored sugar to carry on, and thus their sweetness, flavour and, sometimes, their texture, deteriorates. As they age, water loss causes them to wilt and microbes may spoil them. Locally grown produce is more likely to be freshly picked, while produce in season is likely to be local.
"Fungi" in the vegetable sense denotes mushrooms and truffles. The part eaten is the fruiting body. Primitive organisms, fungi are in a class of their own; as they do not contain chlorophyll they do not photosynthesize sugars so are saprophytic, living symbiotically on the decaying remains of other organisms. They differ from higher plants in composition, their cell walls being made not from cellulose but less-digestible chitin.
Not nutritionally significant, fungi are eaten for their rich, almost meaty, flavour and texture and, in some cases, their unique aroma. They intensify flavours, like a natural version of monosodium glutamate, due to their high content of glutamic acid. Some fungi are cultivated, but most must be gathered wild. This, and their superior flavour, makes wild fungi highly prized. As some are toxic, wild fungi should be positively identified before consumption.
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<urn:uuid:fcda4477-0ea5-42c6-9214-bbeff4ddbd78>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://ejozi.co.za/vegetables-and-fungi/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00276.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.956449
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|
|You might also like:||Match the Plant Anagrams Worksheet||Plant Anagrams -- Activities and Worksheets||Crafts: Plants||Vehicle Word Pieces Puzzle||Plant-Related Words: Write a Question for Each Answer||Today's featured page: Write Chinese Numbers Printout|
|Our subscribers' grade-level estimate for this page: 5th - 6th|
|Plant Word Pieces Puzzle
Make plant-related words from the word segments.
|Go to the Answers
Word Pieces Puzzle
This is a thumbnail of the "Plant Word Pieces - Make plant-related words from word segments." The full-size printout is available only to site members.
To subscribe to Enchanted Learning, click here.
If you are already a site member, click here.
|Search the Enchanted Learning website for:|
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<urn:uuid:cd7c36ad-fb1a-47a9-9a21-b4586656a5f1>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.enchantedlearning.com/alphabet/wordpieces/plant/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00277.warc.gz
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en
| 0.747384
| 187
| 2.25
| 2
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(Dayton)--The National Museum of the U.S. Air Force is expanding the days the public can tour the jet that flew the body of President John F. Kennedy From Dallas Texas to Washington D.C. on November 22. 1963.
Visitors are asked to bring a valid identification to the museum and will be shuttled to the presidential aircraft gallery hanger on a first come first serve basis. The hanger will be open between 9:30am to 5pm daily through December 1.
The Boeing 707 is also the location were Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, was sworn in as President, two hours after President Kennedy was shot.
The Museum is expanding the days visitors can view the historic jet to mark the anniversary of President Kennedys death.
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<urn:uuid:b55bc8f1-d7cf-4a71-b4b7-cef6dc581e1b>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://700wlw.iheart.com/articles/local-news-119585/museum-expanding-tour-times-of-kennedys-11841269/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00436-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.966788
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| 1.929688
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|
Christmas Crunch Graph
Lesson 1 of 9
Objective: SWBAT use special edition Christmas Crunch cereal to create graphs.
“Hey, friends!” I say, lacking my usual certainty but trying to make today’s math into a fun, meaningful activity, “We are going to use some fun Christmas cereal to practice graphing!”
“It’s been awhile since we did much with graphing,” I continue. “Remember we can graph items to show information. Graphing is very useful for all kinds of things, and if you look, you will see graphs in newspapers, magazines, on TV, in all kinds of places!”
“Can we eat the cereal?” one of my turkeys asks.
“Well, possibly, probably, you know how that goes,” I say, “We need to use our supplies for math before we eat them!” I say with a smile.
“So, this is what we will do,” I begin. “You will get a graph page like this,” I say, as I project the graphing page from Teachers Pay Teachers on the “big screen.”
“Your shapes are kind of hard to really see,” I say. “The one that looks kind of like a triangle is…”
“A Christmas tree!” students say.
“The other ones aren’t quite as easy to tell…” I say with uncommon hesitation. “The snowman is the skinniest.”
“The star and the Santa hat are harder to tell apart,” I caution. “All the shapes are different colors, so you can’t say for sure that the green ones are trees or the red ones are hats. Here’s what I suggest: once you decide a shape is something, put it in that spot on your graph, and keep it there.”
“Let’s build this graph together.”
I get a small handful of cereal, and I let kiddos, one at a time, take turns placing the cereal into a square on the graph that’s still being projected. We go over graphing basics: start on the left and go left to right, put a cereal in every spot without leaving spaces open in between. Altogether, the group seems to be doing really well. This seems to be “clicking,” although the cereal shapes are confusing.
We make jokes as we put shapes in spots. “That’s a star with a broken leg!” I joke.
One of the turkeys says, “Santa’s hat turned purple!”
Through the confusion and the jokes, we decide on a place for each item, and we leave it there.
After the items are placed in the spots, I go over how we move the items slightly and put a small mark to remember where the items were for our graph. “You only mark where a piece of cereal was,” I state with emphasis.
“Once you have a mark in every spot that a cereal occupied, you can scoot all of your cereal from that row off of the graph and color it in,” I say and show.
I mark the star row, but I have a student mark the Santa hat row. Then, to be really tricky, I get one of my super-fast, kind of sloppy students to color in the squares.
I remind her, “Now remember, graphs show data or information. We have to color them very carefully—no scribbling or leaving lots of white space. A solid bar of color is a great thing in a graph!”
Maybe it’s standing in front of the class or it’s having her work shown up on “the big screen,” but she does some of the nicest coloring I have ever seen! I acknowledge her great work to the whole class, “Now that is how you color a bar for a graph! Beautifully colored!”
We continue to work on my sample graph together, laughing about the impossible to recognize objects, and doing our best to color the graph clearly. It’s a false hope, I soon find out, but I have just enough confidence in our abilities that I send the kids to work independently.
So, the moment of truth comes as I send the kiddos out to practice on their own graphs, and well, the truth hurts. It’s easy to “decide” on a shape when the whole class is goofing off and practicing on a shared graph that belongs to the teacher or… no one. But when these little kiddos get their own graphs, all of a sudden, perfect blob placement becomes a legitimate challenge!
Whereas I usually walk around, carefully focused on opportunities for specific reinforcement, today I am in my, “Aw, just say it’s a hat!” mode to get the turkeys to place the objects somewhere on their graphs.
Then, once cereal is on the graph, we get all confused about what went where! Ay, carumba! It gets to a point where we are just trying to get something—anything—graphed, and I start to realize that while graphs are meant to show information, if the information isn’t clear, it’s hard to do too much with a graph.
Somehow, we get our graphs complete. Not surprisingly at all, the students who are confident and capable in general, complete their Christmas Crunch graphs with minimal stress. I can ask about rows that have more, which row has most, and which has fewer or the least, as well as any rows that are the same.
The students who get confused and bewildered more frequently are nearly overwhelmed by this activity. When I look at their graphs and attempt to see if the graph represents the cereal, it’s impossible to determine what the student was attempting to graph! If I can ask about which has more, most or least, and we tend to have more 1:1 mini teaching sessions than quick question & answer talk.
On our way back to our meeting spot, I tell students they can eat their Crunch pieces as their reward for hard work and hanging in there. (Now, some kiddos want to save them, and I give only 2 choices: eat them now, or put them in the back of your cubby. I don’t have a bunch of extra baggies to distribute at the end of a hectic lesson, and the kiddos’ backpacks get messy enough, so I make them put them in their cubbies, which I know are fairly clean. I do not want them to go in pockets so students snack all afternoon and drop cereal everywhere, and students know that pockets are not an option!)
We make it over to our meeting spot, and I am honestly just grateful to have this activity done. Every so often, things go this way. The good news is that we practiced placing and marking items on a graph.
I actually end up talking about how, like I said in the beginning of the lesson, graphs are used to show information. When the information isn’t clear… our graphs don’t make sense.
“We talked about some great math words, though,” I say. “We talked about rows that had more, the row that had most, the rows that had least or fewer, and rows that had the same amount. Even CRAZY graphs made out of blobs of cereal can be good for practicing our math words!
“Your thoughts are so important,” I continue. “Tell me what you liked about this lesson,” I encourage.
“I liked the cereal!” more than one kid shares. Oh boy. I think to myself, I’m glad someone liked this cereal!
“Let’s talk honestly about the tricky parts of this lesson,” I continue.
“It was hard to know what was what,” a kiddo begins.
“Yeah!” another student continues, “They were blobs!”
“Oh yes,” I reaffirm. “I am betting you are the only kindergartners at Killip School who will do this graph! You lucky kids!” I add sarcastically but with a smile. (The kids nod—they really feel lucky! How funny!)
I guess a spoonful (or more) of sugar really does make things better!
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<urn:uuid:35c2f214-70d3-42ae-b722-3430e6caf27b>
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CC-MAIN-2016-44
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http://betterlesson.com/lesson/resource/2606221/graphing-the-blobs-jpg
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988717963.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183837-00373-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.960952
| 1,823
| 3.796875
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|
Tunnel Cube is a unique looking puzzle cube and it appears to be extra challenging to solve because of how it is designed. This is inspired by the handle bar cube where some pieces are connected with the bricks to another with the same color. There are tunnels and handle bars in the inside. If you try to turn one side of the tunnel cube, the other side follows .Therefore the top and bottom of this puzzle cube are connected. However, the middle parts can turn independently.
The mechanism of the holes is to show the bandaging because without these holes, it can really be confusing for the puzzle solver to understand how the mechanism works. This puzzle cube features three shells. The first shell is the block pieces, the next layer is consisting of red pieces and the next layer contains yellow pieces but there are also green parts. Each layer is connected depending on the color of the corners. Checking out the second and third layer can make you understand how this puzzle cube can slide through and turn around. You can also realize the tunnel effect when you observe the movement of the layers. You can buy this awesome puzzle toy at Puzzle Master.
Thank you so much Oskar for allowing us to use your videos. If you would like to see more of Oskar’s videos, go to Oskar’s YouTube Channel. Copyright (c) 2013, M. Oskar van Deventer.
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<urn:uuid:b1ac4226-cfe8-422e-91ef-bb5403c9f10d>
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CC-MAIN-2016-44
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http://www.passionforpuzzles.com/2014/03/tunnel-cube.php
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Third graders grow closer to our Lord and understand his deep love for us as they locate and read scripture from the Bible. Students begin to understand more about Jesus and our Blessed Mother through praying the mysteries of the rosary. The seven sacraments, saints, the liturgical year and the Ten Commandments are some of the highlights of the curriculum. St. Kateri Tekakwitha (Lily of the Mohawks) is our classroom patron saint.
Language Arts & Reading
Third graders are now reading to learn. The students read from the Treasures reading series where skills are practiced to help students develop a strong comprehension. Students enhance their writing skills as they utilize the rules of grammar to write opinion, narrative and persuasive pieces. Orton-Gillingham principles are used when teaching students how to decode, spell and understand multisyllabic words. Vocabulary skills are strengthened as students learn words based on their root, prefix or suffix meaning. The students create interactive vocabulary notebooks.
Computation skills are extremely important to our third-grade curriculum. Students must master all four operations in third grade (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division). The mastery of these computation skills helps students to solve problems mentally. Concepts skills include place value to the millions, measurement, fractions, geometry, probability, elapsed time, counting money and making change. Students receive a Computation grade and a Concept grade.
Students engage in many hands-on experiences as they study the “Next Generation Science” standards in the following units: the scientific method, science tools, weather/climate, fossils, force and motion, energy, simple machines, vertebrates/invertebrates, the solar system, adaptations, food chains/webs, and magnets. The students love going to the science lab on a regular basis to conduct experiments and to work collaboratively on S.T.R.E.A.M. activities.
The study of the United States is the main focus of the third-grade curriculum. Students explore each region of the United States learning about the Native Americans who lived in the region, the productive resources of each region and the historical places and buildings. Students must be able to locate each state on a map and identify its’ capital. Students also study map skills, the government, geography and economic principles.
Students visit the computer lab at least once a week to practice skills in all content areas.
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For months, Sony and Microsoft fanboys have lined up to hurl insults at each other over which console would pack more hardware, hit higher performance targets, or prove a better design for the next generation. With the two consoles launched, the game-to-game comparisons have mostly come out a wash, with a slight edge for the PS4. But there’ve still been questions about the underlying chip design — which architecture is more efficient, and what unique sauce went into each console?
The fine folks at Chipworks have completed their teardown of the Xbox One and given us an answer to that question — and a few puzzles to go with it.
The Xbox One die is 363 square millimeters, up from the PS4’s 348 sq mm. The 5% additional space, despite having the smaller GPU core, is mostly due to RAM. The Xbox One contains a whopping 47MB of on-die RAM, and that pushes the die size up considerably. It’s also why Microsoft didn’t have room on the APU for a larger GPU.
There are some interesting differences to explore. First, consider the Xbox One’s Jaguar CPU blocks. Like the PS4, it has two quad-core chips — but the Xbox One has a bit of circuitry hanging off the CPU that the PS4 lacks. Here’s a comparison of the Xbox One and PS4 CPU islands. We had to rotate the blocks to line them up identically, which is why the label is reversed.
See the block in red? The PS4 doesn’t seem to have an equivalent. What it actually does is unclear. It’s a bit large to be the built-in audio or the IOMMU that HSA theoretically requires. There’s nothing analogous on any of the Kabini floor plans we’ve ever seen.
(It’s also possible that this is a Photoshop artifact or deliberate obfuscation. Companies often mask details on die shots. )
Now, over to the GPU. Like the Sony PS4, the Xbox One contains more Compute Units than are actually active on the console. The chip has 14 CUs, 12 of which are turned on, while the PS4 has 18 active CUs out of a 20 on-die. These are disabled to improve yield. Whether Sony or Microsoft might one day choose to enable the CUs in future console versions is an unknown — typically console manufacturers don’t update core specs post-launch, but consoles have been trending towards greater upgradeability over the past two generations. It’s not impossible that this could change.
The other mystery? The Xbox One GPU cores are physically shorter than the PS4’s equivalents. I don’t mean the GPU block, which is obviously smaller — one GPU Compute Unit on the PS4 diagram, is 50 pixels wide, 395 pixels tall. On the Xbox One, each Compute Unit is 42 pixels wide, 347 pixels tall. It looks as though Microsoft may have picked a tighter arrangement for its GPU core, again possibly to save the maximum amount of space and make room for as much SRAM on die as possible.
Speaking of SRAM, the arrangement of the Xbox One’s was a considerable puzzle when Microsoft unveiled the console architecture. According to the company, the Xbox One doesn’t really have a 32MB contiguous cache, but four 8MB cache blocks instead. There are two blocks of cache to the right of the GPU and a smaller block to the left. This smaller block is possibly used for cross-CPU communication.
It’s hard to tell exactly how the Xbox One’s 47MB of claimed SRAM fit into the floor plan, however. We know that the CPUs in question contain a total of 512K of L1 and 4MB of L2. If the two blocks to the right are ESRAM, each block should be 16MB, for a total of 32MB of cache there. The GPU should contain 512K to 1.5MB of L2 (512K being standard for a GCN chip of this size, with more L2 if Microsoft choose to boost that capability), and about 224K of L1 in total.
That leaves about 10MB of cache missing. If the SRAM block between the two CPUs is that large, it’s far more dense than the SRAM to the right of the GPU.
Chipworks also tore into the Xbox One controller, but it’s not that interesting. It has an ultra-low power Freescale microcrontroller and a Cortex-M0+ core. A custom Microsoft WiFi chip handles communication with the mother ship. The chip count here is kept minimal to speed manufacturing and lower cost. A teardown of Kinect should be up and available in the not-too-distant future.
Different designs lead to similar places
After looking at both the Xbox One and PS4, I think we see companies arriving at the same point through rather different approaches. Both manufacturers chose architecture they felt would allow them to work most effectively. Microsoft invested more silicon in large, low latency caches, while Sony sank more money into raw bandwidth. As far as performance is concerned, this could well end up a tie; as the Xbox One should be able to access data more quickly, while the PS4 can stream sustained data far more effectively. Since game developers can leverage both of those features, the final result could be a wash.
Both companies also picked designs that should be relatively easy to migrate to new process nodes. As 20nm technology comes online, we’ll probably see refreshes in 12-18 months. It won’t surprise me if the first SSD designs start to pop up then, too — there’s too much potential upside in a premium SKU with solid state storage for either company to ignore the possibility.
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Handwriting analysis has been used for years to identify a person during court proceedings and even in review of applications for employment or memberships. What is it about the swirls and slants of our handwriting that makes it tell tales of our egos and attitudes? It would take years to master the art of handwriting analysis, but for the casually curious, there is a much easier way to learn what the pros can tell from your penmanship.
Things You'll Need
- Computer with internet access
- A mouse
- Handwriting samples
Go to the Handwriting Personality Quiz (handwriting.feedbucket.com/start.php). This website asks you to use your mouse to provide a sample, but you can really use an existing hard copy sample for this test to be more accurate. After answering a few questions, the website delivers a fun and free analysis that may astonish you.
Go to Graphology (ofesite.com/graphology/hand.htm) for another look at your handwriting. This website offers some advice on common handwriting variations and produces your analysis based upon your own observations. After completing the test, you'll need to give your email address for the results. The resulting email is thorough and accurate.
Know that the Handwriting Wizard website offers another comprehensive handwriting analysis that will be emailed to you. Take your time and input the most accurate data and you will be impressed with the results.
Check out Handwriting-L (Handwriting.org) for a more academic look at the field. The website provides information about the skill of graphology and how to analyze your friends and family.
Tips & Warnings
- To get the most accurate look at what your handwriting says about you, have a professional graphologist look over your writing samples.
- Photo Credit Brand X Pictures/Brand X Pictures/Getty Images
How to Become a Handwriting Expert
Handwriting experts, or questioned documents examiners, differ from handwriting analysts, or graphologists. Experts examine documents, verify signatures and detect forgeries. They study...
How to Get Free Handwriting Worksheets
The following steps will provide you with everything you need to know about where and how to find free printable handwriting worksheets...
Learn About Handwriting Analysis
Learn what handwriting analysis means and how it is determined in this free handwriting analysis video series from our graphology expert.
How to Analyze Handwriting in Signatures
Learn how to analyze a person's hand-written signature in this free handwriting analysis video series from our graphology expert.
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Since December 2017, Iran’s currency, the rial, has lost one-third of its value. And on April 10, the exchange rate’s rapid depreciation prompted the government to halt domestic foreign-exchange transactions and outlaw foreign-currency holdings of more than €10,000 ($12,000).
With the threat of renewed US sanctions having already created a rial crisis, the Trump administration is using the nuclear deal, formally known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, to try to force Iran to accept more restrictions on its nuclear program, as well as on its ballistic missile program. Given that Iran came to the table to negotiate the JCPOA less than a year after an earlier exchange-rate collapse – by 200% as of October 2012 – it is not entirely unreasonable to believe that the government will bow to Trump’s demands. Read the complete article
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Information about our Double Hung windows, the most popular window we sell
The most commonly used vinyl replacement window in the USA today is a double hung window. Double hung windows get their name from the double set of sashes that traditionally were hung from counter weights inside the window frame. The counter weights allowed the sashes to be lifted or raised with less effort. They also allowed the sash to stay in position while raised.
Today, double hung windows rarely use counter weights. Instead, either spring balances or steel coils are used to balance the weight of the sash as it is raised and lowered.
Double Hung Windows Closed
Double Hung Windows
Keystone Window of Pennsylvania
Energy Star Certified
Tax Credit Qualified
50 Year Transferable Lifetime
Unlimited. Call Office.
Features and Benefits:
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- Read the Springfield Republican article about Kathrine Switzer, who spoke at Mount Holyoke on October 17.
- The following article about Switzer appeared in the Daily Hampshire Gazette on Friday, October 18:
Kathrine Switzer, First Woman to Run Boston Marathon, Speaks at Mount Holyoke
By LAUREN QUIRICI, Gazette Contributing Writer
SOUTH HADLEY — Kathrine Switzer knows a lot about resilience. Switzer, the first woman ever to run in the Boston Marathon as an officially registered competitor, not only bounced back from an assault during the race, but made it her mission to provide other women worldwide with the opportunity to run and compete.
Switzer, a lifelong runner as well as a prolific writer and speaker, spoke for about an hour to about 250 people at Mount Holyoke College on Thursday about the power of resilience and the importance of opportunity.
By the end of the 1967 Boston Marathon — the event that started her journey so that her name is now known worldwide — Switzer said she came up with two goals. “One was to become a better athlete, and the second was to create the opportunities for other women, because I knew they’d be there if they only had the opportunity,”she said.
Switzer, who was 20 in 1967, registered to run the Boston Marathon under the gender-neutral K. V. Switzer, a version of her name that she said she had been using since reading J.D. Salinger’s “Catcher in the Rye” and liked the initialed version of the author’s name.
While Switzer was running alongside trainer Arnie Briggs and then-boyfriend Tom Miller, race director Jock Semple arrived on a truck and attempted to physically stop her from running. She recalls him telling her, “Get the hell out of my race and give me those numbers.” Miller, a football player and hammer thrower, knocked Semple out of the way. “He decked Jock Semple, took him out beautifully,” remembers Switzer.
“That’s when I had that epiphany, and I said to my coach I’m going to have to finish this race on my hands and my knees if I have to,” Switzer said. “We have to show that women can do this.”
Switzer ended up finishing the marathon with a time of 4 hours, 20 minutes. During her career, she brought her personal best time down to 2:51 at the 1975 Boston Marathon, and won the 1974 New York City Marathon.
During that 1967 race, Switzer said she wondered why other women weren’t at the marathon. After having some time to think, she realized that she had been lucky to have a supportive family and coach, and that not every woman was so fortunate.
“You get to be about 12 or 13, and someone tells you that you have to stop climbing trees and you’ve got to stop running and you’ve got to do ladylike things,” Switzer said.
Switzer recounted the process of realizing one of her bigger goals — securing the women’s marathon as an Olympic event. During her work as a journalist covering the 1972 Olympics in Germany, Switzer realized that sponsors were the key. She wrote a proposal for a program to create races for women, brought it to Avon cosmetics, and was hired.
As a result of the program, Switzer said 400 races were created in 27 countries.
“It’s not about running, it’s about empowerment. It’s about changing our lives,” Switzer said, using the example of women from countries such as Kenya who have taken up running. “Some of these women left Kenya and now of course dominate the running scene,” she added. “They don’t stay in the U.S. and drive a Mercedes, they go back to their village and they’re sanitizing water, they’re inoculating kids, they’re building schools.”
“If you remember nothing else from this talk tonight, I hope you remember this,” Switzer said. “Talent is everywhere.”
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The MQTT integration feature in FacilityBot allows facility managers to integrate IOT sensors to FacilityBot. FacilityBot can then automatically create a request ticket and alert a Responder when the sensors are triggered.
Connecting a Sensor to FacilityBot
- Log in to FacilityBot.
- Go to Integrations, MQTT, then click on Sensors.
- To integrate a sensor to FacilityBot, click on + New Sensor
- A floating editing panel will appear where you can enter the details of the sensor.
- Enter the device name, the trigger condition, score, and minimum interval between triggers.
(Note: The minimum interval between triggers setting is useful to avoid a situation where too many request tickets are created or alerts sent within a short amount of time for the same event when the sensor level exceeds and stays above the trigger threshold.)
- Managers can use the data found in Integrations → MQTT → Connection to view access information for FacilityBot’s MQTT broker.
- Once a trigger condition is set up for a sensor, FacilityBot needs to know what to do with that trigger.
- To do this, go to Features, Workflows, then click on +New Workflow.
- Select MQTT integration, the sensor name, and set a workflow to create a new request with a specified location tag (where the sensor is physically placed) and description.
- Once enabled, FacilityBot will automatically generate a request ticket once the sensor sends data through MQTT that meets the specified trigger condition.
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ULTRA-PREMIUM SLOW DIGESTING MICELLAR CASEIN WHY CASEIN
The slow digestion and absorption of amino acids has become an essential and highly beneficial element of recovery. Taken primarily before bed, or prior to periods where your body typically is subjected to reduced food intake, casein has shown to help spare and protect lean mass. Selecting the highest grade of micellar casein, USN has set a new standard in slow-absorption protein supplementation.
WHEN TO TAKE CASEIN
POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF CASEIN
USN Casein is formulated to include AMINOGEN®, a designer digestive enzyme that has been shown to improve protein digestion and amino acid assimilation.
- Protein is necessary for tissue building and repair.
Protein contributes to the maintenance of muscle mass.
Calcium and potassium are necessary for normal nerve and muscle function, and is needed for muscular growth and contraction.
Magnesium contributes to normal protein synthesis.
Calcium, magnesium and phosphorus contribute to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
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- Quick Studies: The Best of ‘Lingua Franca’ edited by Alexander Star
Farrar, Straus, 514 pp, US $18.00, September 2002, ISBN 0 374 52863 2
The cultural strategy of the Reaganite Right was prepared as early as 1976 by Daniel Bell in Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism. Blame the counterculture of the 1960s and 1970s – rebellious students, civil rights agitators, wild-eyed feminists – for the grievous decline in public morality, cultural literacy, educational standards and everything else that has gone to hell: blame them and not, say, the cultural contradictions of capitalism. The Culture Wars proper – the assault on multicultural education and identity politics, on feminist gains and gay rights – followed in the 1980s; and as they raged on into the 1990s, it made tactical sense for the Right to train some guns on liberal campuses, for where else (besides Hollywood) were those damn subversives so concentrated now?
It was then that the Culture Wars narrowed to the Political Correctness Battles, with attacks launched on campus codes regarding affirmative action, sexual harassment and hate speech, as well as on curricular challenges to the Western Canon (this is how ‘theory’ was first typed as a diabolical agent). Clearly many radicals had hung around the universities, infiltrated the ranks of the professoriat and proceeded to poison the minds of the young. The academy was overrun by these ‘tenured radicals’ (as Roger Kimball put it in his 1990 book), engaged in the promulgation of an ‘illiberal education’ (Dinesh D’Souza in 1991), dedicated to ‘the closing of the American mind’ (Allan Bloom in 1987). The sense of embattlement is palpable in a recent anthology of articles from the New Criterion, whose editor, Hilton Kramer, gazes back on the founding of the magazine in 1982:
The ‘long march through the institutions’ that had been promised by the radicals of the 1960s was nearing its completion. In the universities, in our leading arts institutions, in the media, in federal and state agencies concerned with funding the arts and humanities, and in most private foundations, the legacy of 1960s radicalism – now wearing the mask of a benevolent bureaucratic liberalism – was everywhere apparent. Dissent from this left-liberal orthodoxy was virtually nonexistent.
Though almost funny in its near paranoia (the 1950s were back, with academics and administrators in the role of the Communists), this vision was dead serious, and many progressives were foolish in taking it lightly at the time, or looking to common sense to dispel it – in part because common sense itself was also at stake. These crusaders had more than alarmist titles to brandish: they had the political firepower – not only old warhorses like Jesse Helms and Pat Buchanan, but new stalwarts such as William Bennett, head of the National Endowment for the Humanities and then Secretary of Education under Reagan, who worked to abolish both agencies, and Lynne Cheney, wife of Dick and head of the NEH under George I, who wanted to absolve American history from any critique whatsoever. (When I’ve seen these two on TV again lately, I’ve wanted to cry out, like the kids in the horror film Poltergeist, ‘They’re back!’ Can Newt Gingrich, another failed professor ripe with academic ressentiment, be far behind?)
The intimidation factor was enormous, as was the media saturation, and soon enough it seemed to be open season – not only on the floor of Congress but in newspapers across the country – on ‘revisionist historians’ and ‘nihilistic deconstructionists’, post-colonial critics and queer theorists. Very different schools of thinkers were lumped together and attacked – as subversive, obscurantist and, weirdly enough, lazy to boot. The new resentments against intellectuals drew on an old suspicion that runs deep in American culture – that intellectual work is not work at all. The Clinton Administration provided little cover here – its cultural politics were populist – and even institutions once considered friendly to intellectuals, such as the New York Times, mocked the humanities, as with its annual listings of far-fetched titles from Modern Language Association meetings. (It rarely focused on the infinitely more dangerous obfuscations of language perpetrated by the State and Defense departments.) One common take on the American academic came to be that while some scientists might have beautiful minds, most humanists are nutty professors, and some (to borrow a phrase from the character assassination of Anita Hill) are a little bit nutty and a little bit slutty.
The full text of this book review is only available to subscribers of the London Review of Books.
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http://www.lrb.co.uk/v25/n09/hal-foster/nutty-professors
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The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) now spreading across the globe is just one more example of a situation in which a virus has leaped from animals to people. Many viruses are harmless to animals but mutate and become deadly when they infect human beings.
SARS evolved in southern China, where 80 million people share living space with the ducks, chickens, pigs, shrimp, and carp they eat. Chicken waste is fed to pigs. Pig waste is dumped into ponds in which shrimp and fish are raised for food. All the animals are crowded into small spaces where viruses thrive. One scientist called this area "a complete soup of chemicals and viruses." Another explained, "A virus gets into a duck, it jumps to the pig. It mutates, the pig excretes it and humans can become infected."
The World Health Organization reports that, like SARS, the annual influenzas that sicken and kill thousands every year almost always originate in animals in southern China and Hong Kong.
All this disease comes from people's desire to consume meat and to farm animals in small spaces. The stress of intensive farming promotes illness, which is why massive doses of antibiotics are put into animal feed on Western factory farms-antibiotics which, in turn, lower human resistance to disease.
SARS is thought to be a virulent form of coronavirus. A top Canadian researcher believes that "the coronavirus in animals may be associated with the 'shipping fever' pigs and cattle get when they are stressed by the crowded transport situations they are in when they are sent to feedlots before slaughter."
The consequences of unnatural farming practices and eating animal flesh have killed millions of people. In addition to SARS, animals killed for consumption are also likely to carry listeria, salmonella, leukosis (chicken cancer), campylobacter, and E. coli bacteria, which thrive on crowded, filthy factory farms. Our meat addiction has led to a huge increase in the numbers slaughtered and a faster slaughter process, causing an increase in contamination. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that approximately 8 million people are sickened by food-borne illnesses every year, and thousands die. This costs American patients, food producers, and the national economy more than $8 billion a year, according to the Journal of Food Protection.
SARS does not come close to delivering the tally of death, sickness, and tragedy that meat-related heart disease, cancer, strokes, high blood pressure, and other ailments cause.
According to Dr. T. Colin Campbell, nutritional researcher at Cornell University and director of the largest epidemiological study in history, "The vast majority of all cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and other forms of degenerative illness can be prevented ... simply by adopting a plant-based diet."
And the cost to animals is beyond measure. Crammed together in tiny spaces, living above their own waste, never breathing fresh air or feeling the sunshine on their backs, they never know a moment's joy or contentment.
Return to Biblical Vegetarianism index
Nazarene Way of Essenic Studies
Email us at: Comments@TheNazareneWay.com
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Sign our Guest Book
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<urn:uuid:150e1045-963b-46be-8e14-a7264638269a>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.thenazareneway.com/vegetarian/sars_the_epidemic_caused_by_eati.htm
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| 0.938759
| 663
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Submitted by: Sherry Lowe
There are several key components to any deed: 1) The name of the Grantor - the person selling the property (marital status should also be listed) 2) The name of the Grantee - the person buying the property (marital status should also be listed) 3) Consideration - amount paid for the property 4) Legal Description - either metes and bounds (i. e. N 32 34 01 W) or standard wording (i. e. from the stone at the corner to the birch tree) By the way N 32 34 01 W is read North 32 degrees 34 minutes and 01 seconds West (there are 360 degrees in a circle, 60 minutes in one degree and 60 seconds in one minute) and all such descriptions are measured from 0 which should be true North. 5) Source of Title - At the end of every description (older deeds sometimes failed to list this info but it is a requirement for modern deeds and can usually be consistently found back through the 1900's and in most of the 1800's deeds) is a statement of what deed the above described property was derived from. Example: "Being a part of that same property having been conveyed to the Grantor by deed as recorded in Deed Book 234 at Page 34 of the Carter County Court Clerk's Kentucky deed records." if only a portion of the property is being conveyed. "Being the same property having been conveyed to the Grantor by deed as recorded in Deed Book 234 at Page 34 of the Carter County Court Clerk's Kentucky deed records" if all of the property is being conveyed. Using the source of title you can trace a property backwards or forwards. If I know who currently owns a piece of property I can trace the source of title backwards as far as the records go. If I've found an old deed I can trace that property forward just by running the indices for any property conveyed by that person. After listing these conveyances you read each one until you find the conveyance with the correct source of title. Example of a chain of title using the source from 1838 to 2007 (this can take a long time if any of the owners sold large quantities of property): a) On January 1, 1854 John Doe buys a piece of property and it is recorded in Deed Book 10 at page 345. I would run the indices under the name of John Doe until it's reasonable to assume that he is dead. I then would look up each conveyance from John Doe, until I either find a deed with a matching source of title or until I find a conveyance from his estate that has this matching source of title. b) John Doe sold this tract of land on February 23, 1867 to Jim Smith and it is recorded in Deed Book 15 at page 422. I repeat the above process by running the indices for Jim Smith until I'm sure that I'm past a reasonable date of death. Look up all his conveyances until I find the match. c) Jim Smith sold this tract of land on March 10, 1930 to Sam Jones and it is recorded in Deed Book 101 at page 33. d) Sam Jones sells the property on April 22, 1975 to Sally Carter and it is recorded in Deed Book 150 at page 345. e) Sally Carter dies and her estate sells the property May 7, 2006 to Joe Brown and it is recorded in Deed Book 234 at Page 34 and he still owns the property. You can now go the PVA office look up Joe Brown and find the map identification for the property and go to the map and see exactly where your gr gr grandfather John Doe's property was located. It's much easier to do this in reverse. If you know the current owner of gr gr grandfather's property, you find their deed, check the source of title and go backwards. It is easier to go backwards because you have a more defined time period for each owner. Example of a chain of title using the source from 2007 to 1838 (this takes usually is much quicker): a) Joe Brown purchased the property on May 7, 2006 - check the computer and find his deed. Read his deed and find the source of title which tells you that he purchased the property from the estate of Sally Carter and that Sally Carter bought the property on April 22, 1975 as recorded in Deed Book 150 at page 345. You then pull Deed Book 150 at page 345. (Note: if Joe Brown owns more than one piece of property, you will have to repeat this entire process for each piece of property, until you find the correct piece of property.) b) Then pull Deed Book 150 and go to page 345, you will find from the source of title that Sally Carter bought the property from Sam Jones and that Sam Jones bought the property on March 10, 1930 from Jim Smith as recorded in Deed Book 101 at page 33 by reading the source of title. c) Then pull Deed Book 101 at page 33, the source of title will tell you that Jim Smith bought the property on March 10, 1930 as recorded Deed Book 15 at page 422. d) Then pull Deed Book 15 at page 422 and you will find that the property was purchased from your gr gr grandfather and that your gr gr grandfather's deed is recorded in Deed Book 10 at page 345. In either situation, if you should find yourself with an old deed that does not have a source of title, the only thing you can do is compare the actual description to try to determine when and how much of the property has been sold. Remember when there are multiple owners, you need to look for deeds under all names. If a deed is conveyed to John Doe and Sam Smith, when they sell it the deed may be from Sam Smith and John Doe. In the old records, the deed is indexed under the first name listed on the deed. So when it was first bought it would have been indexed under John Doe in the grantee book but when it's sold in the above example it would be indexed in the Grantor index under Sam Smith. 6) Type of conveyance - General Warranty (the property is in good condition and has a sound and clear title) or with restrictions and reservations (the property may be in disrepair or the grantor is keeping something for instance mineral rights or perhaps the property is subject to some legal consideration such as a lease or right of way, or life estate interest etc.) 7) Consideration statement - Grantor must swear that the amount paid for the property is correctly stated, subject to fine and jail time. 8) Signature of the Grantor - the person conveying the property must sign the deed. Note that is the grantor is married, then the spouse must also sign to convey any dower interest. 9) Signature of the Grantee - the person buying the property must sign to also confirm that the stated consideration paid for the property is correct. 10) Notary - a state authorized Notary Public must witness the signing of the deed and attest to the fact that the proper persons did sign the deed. 11) Preparation Signature - In Kentucky it is not required that a deed be prepared by an attorney; however, the person that prepares the deed must sign as the preparer and list their name and address. Remember that Kentucky is a "race state" which means that the first one to the courthouse wins. If two people have a deed for the same property, whether total parcel or some part of the parcel, the first deed to be recorded receives legal preference and title to the property, regardless of the date of the deeds. If I convey a lot to you on Jan 1, 2007 and on February 1, 2007, I convey a second parcel of land to John Doe that inadvertently or purposely includes a part or all of the property previously conveyed to you, but you don't record your deed until March 1 and John Doe recorded his deed February 1, 2007, John Doe's deed takes legal preference. So in Kentucky it is very important that a deed be recorded as soon as possible, and remember it is your responsibility to record the deed, not the person who prepared the deed even when prepared by an attorney. Very few attorneys record the deeds they prepare - it is the responsibility of the grantee to see that their deed is recorded. And if you have a plat of your property, MAKE SURE IT GETS RECORDED WITH THE DEED. If there is a typo in the deed, the plat takes preference. I've attached two different forms (MS Word .doc files) to help with the search. First establish the chain of title, second complete a deed search sheet for each owner listed on your chain of title sheet and fill in the time period that the person owned the property and then run that person as a grantor to find where they sold the property.
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We’re working to be a good friend … How about you?
What are friends for?
It’s a question that gets asked often, usually when someone has helped another person. The person receiving the help expresses gratitude and the helper responds with, “Well, what are friends for?”
And that really gets to the purpose of Creative Parks Nashville: We’re a “friends” group that supports the mission of Metro Nashville Parks and Recreation’s Music, Theater, and Visual Arts divisions.
These divisions offer creative arts educational and enrichment programs that touch virtually every demographic in Nashville. Eager musicians from school age children to senior citizens come together to learn new instruments and improve on existing skills. Poke your head into the Visual Arts building and you’ll find students busily creating paintings, sculptures, pottery, and more. And, Nashville’s next Nicole Kidman may be involved in a Theater division offering today.
Arts funding is always tight
Keeping this wide range of classes and activities going is expensive, and as in virtually any city, funding is always a struggle.
That’s where Creative Parks Nashville (CPN) comes in.
As a nonprofit organization, CPN raises funds to support classes, activities, and purchases that are not covered by city funds. There are several ways we do this, including direct solicitation, profits from sales, corporate programs, fundraising events, and others.
CPN uses all of these funds (aside from office supplies, CPN itself has virtually no overhead) to support the three arts divisions. This allows them to give scholarships to needy students, pay local artists and teachers honorariums for the work they do, replace dated equipment, and much more.
How you can support local art programs
To get back to the question we posed at the top of this post: What are friends for? We hope we’ve made the case that CPN is a good friend of Metro Nashville Parks and Recreation’s Music, Theater, and Visual Arts divisions.
Lastly, can we now ask if you would be a friend too and make a donation of any amount to CPN so these vital, enriching community arts programs can do even more good work in the coming months? If you’re able, please click here to make a contribution.
We would be honored if you would partner with us.
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A clearer outlook for NOAA weather satellite programs
This article originally appeared in the April 8, 2019 issue of SpaceNews magazine.
What a difference a year makes. In late April 2018, NOAA discovered the primary instrument on its newest multibillion-dollar weather satellite was failing to make key observations for hours every day. At the same time, the U.S. Government Accountability Office continued to cite NOAA and the Defense Department’s campaigns to update weather satellite fleets as one of the federal government’s highest risk endeavors.
This year, NOAA has some good news to share. Working with industry and international partners, NOAA has found ways to mitigate problems with Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-17’s Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) and obtain 97 percent of the data originally sought. In addition, the congressional watchdog agency dropped weather satellite programs from its high-risk list, citing significant progress by NOAA in updating its fleet. In 2017, NOAA launched the first satellite in its new geostationary fleet, GOES16, plus the first spacecraft in its Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS). In 2018, it launched GOES-17.
To plan future constellations, the agency is conducting the NOAA Satellite Observing System Architecture (NSOSA) study. What has it revealed so far? And how will commercial satellites and data products feed into future architectures? SpaceNews correspondent Debra Werner spoke with Stephen Volz, NOAA assistant administrator for satellite and information services, to find out.
What’s the latest on the NOAA Satellite Observing System Architecture study?
Since we rolled out of the NSOSA study a year ago, we have looked more deeply into the nuances of what we saw in those analyses and started acting on the findings. I’ll give you some examples. Part of NSOSA was an analysis of the strength and health of our existing constellation so we know when renewal will be required and what aspects of it may be more important than others.
One of the things we saw is there’s a strong need for integrating data from multiple observations, multiple platforms from multiple agencies and multiple nations. We already are doing that, particularly in low Earth orbit where we are using a dozen or more satellites from different agencies operationally. The NSOSA study said to count on that increasing and to be ready for it. We are focused on how to bring in data very efficiently from multiple organizations and satellites with zero latency through Secure Ingest. It is a pilot for how we expect to bring commercial data — and European, Japanese and Indian data — into our systems in the future.
Does NSOSA also reveal priorities for future constellations?
Yes. We looked at our low Earth orbit and geostationary orbit needs and realized that geostationary orbit is something we need to replenish sooner. We will look for opportunities for creativity or disaggregation later. Geostationary orbit is a place where there’s not a lot of immediate innovation in small satellites. On the flip side, there’s a lot of dynamic activity in low Earth orbit. Part of our effort this year and going forward is to experiment and partner with different players in the small satellite and medium satellite regime to explore operations or observations from low Earth orbit to complement the JPSS platform. You don’t jump into a major procurement right away. NSOSA indicated the value of disaggregation; the value of integration of multiple datasets in low Earth orbit.
What are your plans for the Commercial Weather Data Pilot?
We’re conducting phase two of the Commercial Weather Data Pilot. We have three vendors under contract, GeoOptics, PlanetiQ and Spire Global, to provide radio occultation data this fiscal year. We are currently collecting data from one of the three. The periods of performance are a little different for the other two, but we expect data very soon. We are evaluating those data sets for operational use. Can they work for us in our operational mandate, which means it has to be global, it has to be with low latency and it has to be continuous? We expect to make a call by the end of this year.
I noticed funding in the 2020 NOAA budget request to purchase commercial weather data.
We knew that if we did have a positive outcome and we didn’t have a budget, we would have a problem. We wanted to make sure we were prepared for success. We are not guaranteeing it.
How did you resolve ABI problems?
When the GOES ABI anomaly first showed up around the last week of April 2018, it was pretty scary. We thought our entire cooling system was down. Then, a lot of people in NASA, NOAA, industry and our international partners looked at all aspects of how the instrument works, how the satellite works, how the system works and how the information is used by the weather service.
I’ll pinpoint three places where we mitigated the impact of the loss. On the instrument side, we cranked up the power on the cryocooler, which was still working. The passive system, the loop heat pipe, had the fault. That was a significant portion of the recovery. We were operating the instrument at 60 degrees Kelvin. We had a lot of margin in the signal to noise ratio at 60 degrees Kelvin. We adjusted it for each of the different detector channels and found that some could operate as high as the low 80s, lowering the cooling requirement. Then, we looked at other available services or systems. Our Japanese partners have the same instrument on Himawari 8. It observes all the way to the eastern Pacific. It doesn’t get to the continental U.S. or much of Alaska, but it covers Hawaii and the central Pacific very well. We’re developing the ability to have Himawari 8 data available to us and to the weather forecasters.
The third part was to look at the products used by weather forecasters and modelers to determine which are affected and which are not affected. Often a product might use pieces of several instruments or several channels. It might use four GOES channels and only one was affected by the thermal issue. We looked at how to mitigate the loss of that one channel.
What was the problem with ABI?
We believe particulates got into the fluid, which clogged the filters which shut down the loop heat pipe. We’re in the process of fixing that for GOES-T and GOES-U. We think GOES-17 will have a long life in the current condition. It’s providing excellent service to our users. The weather service forecasters, in Alaska and Hawaii in particular, have been thrilled by the GOES West performance they’re getting.
Will the anomaly shorten the lifetime of the instrument?
It will. We still expect to exceed the 10- year lifetime requirement even with the elevated power draw on the cryocooler. We’ve used margin that was built into the system to generate the maximum level of performance we think is prudent given the expectations for the mission. Everything else on GOES-17 is working just fine.
What impact will the ABI anomaly have on future GOES satellites?
Fixing ABI led to a delay in the launch of GOES-T. We should be deciding in the next couple of months the new target launch date for GOES-T. We are deciding what recovery, repair or refurbishment we want to do on GOES-T ABI, as well. It will delay the launch of GOES-T from one and a half to two years.
What’s next in terms of updating NOAA’s fleet?
With JPSS-1 (now NOAA-20) and Suomi NPP, we have two polar satellites with comparable performance. With GOES-16 and GOES-17, we have two next-generation geostationary satellites with comparable performance. That is the benchmark for future JPSS and GOES satellites. They will carry us into the early 2030s. We also know it takes a while to develop new capabilities. And as I mentioned, we recognize — particularly in geostationary orbit, which requires two functioning satellites and one spare for a robust constellation — that it’s time to think about what we’re going to fly next.
In addition to continuing to deliver all of the JPSS and GOES satellites on cost and on schedule, NSOSA has indicated strategically attractive places for innovation and development. We will explore low Earth orbit constellation innovation to complement JPSS and the next step in geostationary. That’s on the platform side. The greatest growth that we expect to see is on the information technology side and the ground system side as we start integrating our new observations with other available observations to develop merged and integrated data products.
We already have a heavily disaggregated satellite system. We are not currently exploiting the satellites to their fullest extent to meet NOAA and U.S. needs. We are also looking at how we work in the cloud for data processing and data integration. And we are looking at how we can merge individual satellite observations into products. We are looking at combining low Earth and geostationary orbit observations to draw on the benefits of both to give us merged products. These are not numerical weather forecast products, but they are forecast products. With a low Earth orbit satellite, you have high resolution of floods and fires but the latency is 90 minutes and you might not be on the same ground track for a day.
Geostationary satellites, on the other hand, don’t give you high resolution but they look at floods and fires every five to 10 minutes. We have developed combined products using GOES ABI and NOAA’s Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite to show how we can use the resolution of one with the timeliness of the other in merging products. We’re able to provide flood maps in near real time to emergency managers on their timescale. Not just once a day, but once an hour.
Do you have other plans for commercial partnerships?
When we talk about innovation in low Earth orbit, that’s a place where I expect to be working in different ways with the commercial sector. Last fall, we issued a Request for Information about flying commercial satellites to low Earth orbit on the JPSS-2 launch vehicle. We would provide the launch at no cost and in exchange we would get the data for free for testing and operations. They get a free ride to space. And then together we have a science collaboration on exploitation. That’s one of the places we’ve reached out to the commercial sector.
If you look at the National Integrated Drought Information System Reauthorization Act, the new reauthorization of the weather budget made in January this year, it provided NOAA with other transactional authority, which gives us a different way to do cooperative research and development with commercial sectors. We’re looking to see how we can use that as we explore new possibilities in low Earth orbit. Our traditional approach would require specification, requests for proposals and probably five years before we go from concept to any hardware. Those are not exactly commercial partnerships but it is co-investment.
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A quick and easy way to create animated villi with mash
Once upon a time, there were only cumbersome methods to create animated Villi in Maya. You had the choice of using Paint FX, or Maya’s instancing tools. Both of those methods were not ideal. Since then, Maya has new motion graphics oriented tools in MASH, and MASH can be used to take the guesswork out of creating projects, such as animated Villi.
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Use MASH and particles to morph between two different shapes in Maya, without using any keyframes. Maya has all the tools you need to create procedurally driven particle animation using the instancer, but nothing makes it as easy as is should be as MASH does. MASH is the procedural animation toolkit for MAYA which allow you to create the kinds of motion graphic elements and animation that we are so accustom to coming out of an application such as C4D.
Maya’s Motion Graphics Toolkit, MASH can be a great way to create bio and medial animation. MASH offers simplicity in replicating objects, but it is also great at procedural animation. Medical Illustrator and Animator, Emily McDougall walks us through animating a biological system. Using MASH, it is easy to set up a scene with red blood cells and animate them all at once.
Maya MASH allows you to build some iteratively complex things easily. As an example of this, Ian Waters shows how they created the cube transition effect that is seen in the Maya intro video. The key to creating something like this, is to create MASH networks from other MASH networks. Nesting networks like this is a really powerful feature in MASH, letting you instantly increase the order of complexity.
One of the greatest features for the new Motion Graphics Toolkit in Maya, is the fact that you can nest MASH networks together. This make a few simple networks come together to create some really amazing things. What if you added elections to a nested MASH network? The result is obviously pretty great.
The time node works in Mesh mode, or in other terms, when you are using the Repro mode of MASH, and is created automatically when you create a MASH network. Time, gives you some amazing control over your animations, allowing you to easily loop your animations, stagger, and change how fast or slow the animations play out. You can even have attributes of your animation affected by a falloff object that you can move in the scene, giving you the opportunity for some pretty neat effects.
Here, Ian shows how you can create an animation where MASH points (in this case, tiny boxes) can move from one state, into a final state, morphing along the way. This is actually two separate networks, one where the boxes are replicated in a grid, using a bit of randomness, and the other where boxes are scattered across some type.
These tutorials from the AboutOneMinute channel on Youtube are really great. Concise and interesting tutorials that roughly will take up around a minute of your time. The channel has been posting some motion graphics style tutorials with Maya and it’s motion graphics toolkit, MASH.
When you create a new Python Node, a default script shows up in the editor, which reads the MASH network data into a class called “md”. Here, Ian Waters shows some practical examples for using Python to manipulate a MASH network, showing off the power of using the Node. Ian promises that there will be a more detailed breakdown of the options and Python features, coming soon.
There are a few tips that you need to be aware of when trying to create an animated outline effect, which Ian walks us through. Although it seems rather simple, creating an animated outline like this in previous versions of Maya would have been a lot more tedious, making use of Maya’s animation paths for each letter.
Even thought Maya ships with MASH, the motion graphics toolkit which makes instancing easy, there is still a case that can be made to fundamentally understand how Maya instances work. Creating instances is pretty easy. The issue then becomes, how do you control them. There are actually a few ways that you can control Maya nParticle instances.
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1. Do I need an HD TV? Why?
As more and more programmes are being shot and broadcast in HD, the reason to purchase an HDTV becomes even more compelling considering the marked improvement in picture quality. Certain programmes are now being broadcast in 1080P via Freeview’s high-definition digital broadcast system. The picture quality is much better through an HDTV than a conventional standard definition TV such as a CRT tube TV.
2. When it comes to price points, how do the cheapies stack up these days?
As in most consumer goods, you tend to get what you pay for and this certainly applies with TVs. There have been significant improvements and new innovations in TV technology, particularly in the past three years. What you will find from many brands is that a lot of the technology usually reserved for high-end TVs is trickling down to the rest of their product range. Most consumers will be surprised how vastly superior the latest flat screen TVs are today, compared to the traditional CRT glass TVs of old. The latest generation LED TVs, for example, are not only brighter, sharper and slimmer than a regular CRT TV (Samsung offers a TV at just 7.98mm slim – slimmer than a pencil); they are more power efficient, even with larger screen sizes.
3. What do I need to consider when thinking about my viewing area and how it affects the TV I should buy?
You should definitely consider your viewing environment in your own home before you buy a TV. A common mistake consumers make is buying a TV that is too small (or occasionally, too large) for their living area. As a rule of thumb, the diagonal viewing area of the TV you are looking to buy should be no less than 1.5 times the distance your couch is from the TV’s location. So if your couch is around 8 – 10 feet away from your TV cabinet, you should be considering a 40-inch or equivalent TV.
Lighting also plays a big part in the type of TV technology you should consider. In general plasma TVs tend to perform better in dimmer environments as they are capable of producing a more natural image in lower light levels. In brighter environments, or if you have a lot of lights in your living area that cannot be controlled, the advantage shifts over to LED TVs because they are much brighter than plasma and are therefore capable of overcoming the ambient lighting. Some manufacturers also incorporate special filters on the front of their screens to further improve the picture quality in bright environments. Samsung LED TVs, for example, have an Ultra Clear Panel filter that deepens the colours as well as reducing glare from a well-lit room.
4. Plasma, LCD, LED, OLED - what’s the difference?
They may all physically look the same but the way they create the beautiful picture you see is far from different.
LCD or ‘liquid-crystal display’ televisions are flat-panel displays that contain millions of liquid crystal pixels that work at high speeds to selectively filter light from a backlight light source. In the case of LCD TVs, the backlight or light source is a cold cathode fluorescent tube (CCFL) that is much like the fluorescent tube you find at home or in the office building. With LED TVs, the backlight uses a bank of efficient LEDs as the light source. LED TVs tend to be slimmer and brighter than LCD TVs because the LEDs are much more compact than the regular CCFLs and they have more light output.
OLED (organic LED) is different again and it is a flat-panel display that uses a film of organic compounds which emit light in response to an electric current and functions without a backlight. OLED TVs are uncommon as they are very expensive to make but OLED screens on compact devices such as Smartphones are already available.
5. Contrast ratio? Aspect ratio? Resolution? Are these specs important to understand?
Of these, the resolution is probably the most important. Just like a digital camera, the sharpness of the picture is defined by how many megapixels you have on the screen. The more pixels you have on a screen, the more capable it will be at defining the picture detail, particularly from higher-quality sources such as Blu-ray. HD Ready TVs are typically 1280 x 720 in resolution and have around 1.3million pixels on-screen. Full 1080 HD TVs, however, have a resolution of 1920 x 1080 equivalent to just more than 2 million pixels. This is why a TV with a Full 1080 HD panel will always look sharper with high definition signals than a conventional TV.
Contrast ratio is the ability of a TV to differentiate the whitest whites and the blackest blacks. The bigger the difference and the more precise the steps in between the whites and blacks, the more realistic the picture will seem. If you have a picture where the whites are grey, and the blacks are grey, the picture and the contrast, is not particularly good. The contrast ratios of most TV technologies have markedly improved over the past few years.
The aspect ratio of an image is the ratio of the width of the image to its height. The standard aspect ratio on new TVs is widescreen, otherwise known as 16:9 (aspect ratio). The old standard TV format was 4:3 aspect ratio.
6. Will I need to buy a separate Freeview receiver?
New TVs now come with a built in Freeview|HD digital terrestrial tuner which enables you to view digital signals. Most TVs should already have a Freeview|HD tuner built in, but double check. Although no formal date has been set, the current analogue television broadcasting is set to be turned off between 2013 and 2015.
7. Which inputs should I use to get the most out of my TV?
HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface) has already become the standard for both picture and sound transmission to a TV. The interface is able to support any uncompressed TV or PC video format, including standard, enhanced and high-definition video. The latest version of HDMI – version 1.4, is also capable of supporting 3D signals, and as more and more products incorporate HDMI from cameras to laptops connecting devices to TV will become a plug and play affair.
8. Should I consider 3D-capable sets? Will I get any use out of them?
3D is definitely something that needs to be experienced because, until you see it, you will never know what it is capable of. The visual experience is downright amazing and is vastly superior to what you would get from the local 3D cinema. 3D provides an immersive experience and an added dimension to how the movie producer wants you to feel when you are watching their show. More and more content will become available in 3D as movie producers find new ways to recreate an immersive experience.
In addition, broadcasters are looking to shoot as well as broadcast in 3D. Sports and 3D go well together and must be experienced as is the case with games – more and more titles will become available in 3D in 2011 and beyond.
Some TVs may also have a built-in converter that can turn regular 2D into 3D content so you can watch just about any content in 3D.
9. What are some common mistakes people make when buying a TV?
The most common mistake people make when purchasing a new TV is buying the wrong size.
The right formula to use when buying a TV is: screen size x 1.5 = viewing distance. In addition, some consumers regret not spending that little bit extra to purchase a ‘future-proof’ HD TV. As a general rule, I recommended choosing an HD TV at the higher-end of your budget with key features and specifications that will be commonplace with time, such as HDMI input, built-in Freeview tuner, 3D capability and more.
For an in depth guide to digital television and what it means for you, check out this article at the NetGuide website: tinyurl.com/48v3k2g
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Above our heads there is a powerful energy source created by nature, the Sun. Because the Sun is 93 million miles from us, only one-billionth of the Sun’s total energy outputreaches the Earth, creating a world blooming with life. The energy that the Sun gives the Earth’s surface every second is more than the total electricity generated from all power plants in the world in the entire year of 2018.
Here on Earth, humans power machines mostly by harvesting energy: for example, harvesting the energy of falling water and converting it to electricity in hydroelectric power plants. To create energy, you have to convert matter to energy.
One way to do that is to split atoms, the basic building blocks of all matter in the universe. Do so controllably and you can produce a steady flow of energy. Lose control and you release a lot of energy all at once in a nuclear explosion.
The core of every atom, the nucleus, is made up of even smaller particles, protons and neutrons. The force holding the nucleus together stores a huge amount of energy. To obtain energy from the nucleus, scientists came up with a process of splitting a heavy atom into lighter atoms. Because the lighter atoms don’t need as much energy to hold the nucleus together as the heavy atoms, energy is released as heat or light. This process is called nuclear fission.
When one atom is split, a chain reaction starts: The split atom will trigger another atom to be split, and so on. To make the chain reaction controllable, scientists developed ways to slow down the splitting, such as absorbing some of the split particles.
Read the entire story at The Conversation.
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Weak and brittle nails indicate our overall inner health wellness. Low blood levels or anemia is the main cause of weakness, dry & brittle nails. Women are mostly affected by this problem than men. Because women mostly affected by anemia especially after deliver a baby. Non healthy diet, lack of vitamins, stress, thyroid, infections, skin problems, liver problem and some detergents can be the main causes of weak and brittle nails. At home mostly women have to work in a kitchen in frequent wetting like dish & cloth washing, in result your nails become very soft and weak. If your nails become cracked or dried use these effective home remedies for weak and brittle nails.
Best Natural Tips to Strengthen Weak and Brittle Nails
Garlic and Lemon Juice
Mix 1 tablespoon Garlic juice and ½ teaspoon Lemon juice. Apply Garlic Juice and Lemon juice on your nails daily for 45-50 minutes. It will make your nails strong and healthy.
Egg Yolk, Aloe Vera & Honey
Make a smooth paste with 1 egg yolk, 1-2 tablespoons Aloe Vera and 1 teaspoon Honey. Apply it with a cotton ball or nail brush on your nails. Leave it for 1 hour and wash with Luke warm water. It will smooth your nail surface and keep your nails strong.
Almond Oil with Lemon Peel
Massage with Almond oil by using Lemon Peel off for rubbing. It will keep your nails healthy, pinkish colour and strong.
Coconut Oil, Olive Oil with Warm Water
Mix 1 teaspoon Coconut Oil, 1 teaspoon Olive Oil in ½ bowl Luke warm water. Dip your hand and feet in this water for 15-20 minutes. Dry up your nails with towel and apply petroleum jelly to nails.
Cow Milk, Sea Salt and Vinegar
Mix 1-2 tablespoon Sea Salt, ½ Lemon Juice or 1 teaspoon vinegar in 1 glass of Cow Milk and dip your nails in it for 30-40 minutes. It will make your nails strong and keep your nails from breakage. Calcium in milk makes your nails strong naturally. Use it twice a week.
What to Add and What to Avoid
- Daily apply moisturizes your nails with vitamin E cream or you can use Almond oil or Olive oil for this.
- Use gloves while working in the kitchen or using strong chemicals at work place.
- Use health diet with Vitamin C, D, E, K, Iron, Folic Acid and Zinc for nails inner health.
- Fatty acids improve the nail texture and strengthen your nails.
- Drink a lot of water daily at least 8-10 glasses.
- Always use quality brands of nail polish and remover.
- Stop biting your nails. This habit makes your nails weak and brittle.
- Use nail polish remover only twice a week but not more than this.
- File and trim your nails regularly after manicure/pedicure when your nails dry.
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http://besthealthandbeautytips.com/strengthen-weak-brittle-nails-naturally/
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Friday, March 27, 2009
Looking south to the future: Mexico becomes viable option for energy needs
Houston Business Journal - by Ford Gunter
As America looks to solidify its energy supply for the next decade, experts are examining current facts and geopolitical realities.
Amid talk of energy independence and replacing oil with alternative energy sources, industry specialists in the short term are focusing on prominent sources of American oil: Saudi Arabia and the politically sensitive Middle East; Venezuela and its controversial president; Russia and its increasingly problematic administration; Nigeria and its civil strife; Canada and its difficult oil sands, once all the rage at $140 a barrel, but now not so much.
And there’s Mexico, a strong trading partner and America’s third-largest supplier of imported oil, covering about 11 percent of all oil imported in the United States and 6 percent of all oil consumed here.
But Mexican officials are now trying to address domestic increases in population, automobiles and overall gasoline and electricity demand in the face of four straight years of dwindling production and decaying oilfield infrastructure. Mexico’s flagship field, the Cantarell, is on the way out. Its new hope, the Chicontepec Basin, has plenty of oil — estimated last month by De Goyler & McNaughton to equal about half the reserves in all of Saudi Arabia — but it’s hard to get, which is a problem for Pemex and its aging infrastructure. Fortunately, it’s attractive for others because of pockets of light and super-light crude.
To counter the widening gap between domestic demand and supply, the Mexican Congress voted in the fall to open up the nation’s notoriously closed-off oil and gas industry, paving the way for outside companies to sign agreements with Petróleos Mexicanos, or Pemex, the national oil company that ranks among the world’s largest.
For some, like Eduardo Pérez Motta, chairman of Mexico’s Federal Competition Commission since 2004, it’s the only way to solve Mexico’s “original sin.”
“We are not using our resources in an efficient way,” Motta said at a World Affairs Council luncheon at the Petroleum Club of Houston on Feb. 27.
Motta has been chief of advisers to the minister of trade and industrial development and worked in the Ministry of Finance. He’s also a veteran of the North American Free Trade Agreement negotiations. His February talk was bluntly titled “Opening the Mexican Economy,” and his presentation left even less to the imagination.
“It is important to promote market efficiency to face economic crisis,” he said. “You can promote efficiency in your markets through competition.”
Motta said foreign companies with factories and facilities in Mexico list banking, telecommunications, electricity and transportation as the most overpriced and problematic, and backed it by rattling off numerous international organizations that agree, including the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, the World Economic Forum and the Mexican Central Bank.
“The lack of competition in Mexico is something that has been recognized by many people in our country and in international organizations as well,” Motta said. “We are facing a very important crisis in our country.”
Grand possibilities Veracruz Gov. Fidel Herrera Beltran calls his state the “energy state” of Mexico. Like Motta, Beltran has also been busy drumming up interest in Mexico. He spoke at Rice University’s Baker Institute For Public Policy one day before Motta was in Houston.
“The new reforms passed by the Mexican Congress recently changes dramatically Mexico’s oil exploration, production and exportation,” said Beltran, whose state is one of three that can claim part of the Chicontepec Basin. “This could potentially make Mexico the third- or fifth-largest producer in the world.”
Pemex has committed to spending $2.3 billion on several thousand wells in Chicontepec in 2009, and recently inked a $687 million deal with Schlumberger Ltd. to drill 500 wells in the region starting in April and running through 2012, a clear sign that Mexico wants to maximize its resources.
According to Pritchard Capital Partners LLC, a New Orleans-based energy research firm with offices in Houston, Weatherford International Ltd. is the frontrunner for another 500-well contract expected to be announced in the next few weeks.
Overall, Mexican officials have estimated that maximizing Chicontepec could be a $30 billion endeavor over the field’s life, which doesn’t sound like too much trouble for one of the biggest oil companies in the world, one with $77 billion in revenue in 2008 — enough to take the top spot on a Latin Business Chronicle list of the 500 largest companies in Latin America by revenue.
But it’s not simple.
The Mexican government taps Pemex’s revenue with taxes and royalties to the tune of 60 percent, which in turn accounts for about 40 percent of the country’s federal budget. To keep up, Pemex has resorted to borrowing and is now more than $40 billion in debt, with more than half that off the balance sheet.
As part of the new agreement to allow foreign companies in, the Mexican congress offered Pemex tax breaks on money spent on exploration, according to Jim Kingsdale, who operates the blog, Energy Investment Strategies, but it’s not yet clear where the government plans to make up that money.
Steps to reform What is clear is that Mexico is vigorously courting foreign capital and working hard to assuage fears stemming from well-publicized in-country violence and kidnappings the last several months.
“This is the right time to invest,” Beltran said last month at Rice. “Some investors are concerned with Mexico’s future (but) our new energy reform will definitely create growth in our country.”
Motta goes one step further.
“If you are an investor and you want to wait until the problem is completely solved, you are going to find that the opportunity has been taken by someone else,” he said.
Kingsdale and others say that if Mexico can’t start pumping the Chicontepec, and soon, the nation is in danger of becoming an oil importer in as little as four to six years. Not only a disaster down south, Mexico ending oil exports would also leave the U.S. looking to make up more than one in every 10 barrels of imported oil.
“Mexico remaining an oil exporter is clearly key to U.S. national security and U.S. law and order in addition to the U.S. ability to obtain enough oil,” Kingsdale wrote in March. “China is out gobbling up all the oil supplies it can obtain from any country that will contract with it. All those deals diminish the amount of oil available on the ‘global free market’ for the U.S. to import if it can no longer depend on Mexico.”
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Storing Windows Phone application data is a pretty normal requirement. If you want it to persist across sessions, or even phone reboots, you really have three options:
- Save to the Cloud
- Save to Isolated Storage
- Save to Local Database
Each is correct for certain scenarios. But in this article, I will ONLY walk through the Local Database. This is an enhanced version of SQL CE – meaning your SQL skills are an asset. And, if you don’t have them, they come quickly.
Note: I like things simple. But a database in a Windows Phone application isn’t super simple. So, please resist the urge to skip to the samples. I’m including some valuable learning you should read. Sorry, mates.
Okay, technically we are creating an SDF file in your app’s Isolated Storage. Mango makes the CE assemblies native. Visual Studio, on the other hand, doesn’t make this obvious (yet). So, creating your database will require some tactics.
About SQL CE:
- SQL Server Compact is file based; the connection string is a path to the SDF.
- SQL Server Compact is not a service like SQL Server. It is file-based.
- SQL Server Compact supports up to 256 connections.
- SQL Server Compact supports database files up to 512 MB.
MSDN: The maximum size of a local database, in megabytes, if not specified is 32. The maximum value is 512MB.
About Linq to SQL
Yes, you can use Linq to SQL on Windows Phone. In fact, you must! New features have been added specifically for Windows Phone. However, there are limitations:
- ExecuteCommand (raw t-SQL) is not supported.
- ADO.NET Objects (such as DataReader) are not supported.
- Only SQL Server Compact data types are supported.
- Table.IListSource.GetList is not supported. You must bind to a query.
- BinaryFormatter is not supported. For VarBinary use byte.
- Take() requires a constant: For a variable, calculate it in a different query.
- Skip() and Take() require an ordered list to return results consistently.
Option 1: Code-First
Basically, you are allowed to decorate your classes and when you interact with a Data Context, the schema of the database will be made to accommodate your classes.
We need System.Data.Linq for this.
The DTO (simple version):
Above, we decorate DTO classes and properties System.Data.Linq attributes. The framework will map these classes and properties to database tables and columns.
The Data Context:
Above, we write our data context. When created, it tests if the database exists. If not, it generates it. The database schema reflects the DTO decorations we setup.
The View-Model implementation:
Above, our sample View-Model interacts with the Linq to SQL data context. It does not and should not know if the database exists, our data context handles everything.
Do better: An introduction to Memory Management
LINQ to SQL change tracking works by maintaining two copies of each object. One copy remains as the original. The other is changed by the application. When an update is submitted, LINQ to SQL can determine which properties have been updated.
The INotifyPropertyChanging interface notifies the DataContext when it is modifying a property. The DataContext can use that notification as a trigger to create the copy. This way, only the items that are actually changing need to be duplicated.
Above, we implement both INotifyPropertyChanging (which helps reduce your memory footprint) and INotifyPropertyChanged (which enables XAML data binding).
Do better: An introduction to Version Columns
One of the easiest ways to optimize the performance of an update operation on a table is to add a version column. This optimization is specific to LINQ to SQL for Windows Phone. This can yield a significant performance improvement for large updates. More here.
Do better: An introduction to Compiled Queries
By default, LINQ to SQL will translate the Transact-SQL statement every time the query is executed. For frequent queries (like find record with ID), the overhead is wasteful. To avoid this compile your queries. More here.
Do better: Even More Hints
- Is your data read only? Set ObjectTrackingEnabled to false to save memory.
- Save frequently so your change sets are small and fast.
- Save frequently so tombstoning doesn’t take long.
- Use indexes on common column filters.
You have Questions?
- You might be wondering about the connection string syntax? Look here.
- You might be wondering how you update schemas after creation? Look here.
- You might be wondering how you create referential integrity? Look here.
- You might be wondering about using BLOB data in your DB. Look here.
Option 2: Use the Visual Designer
It seems most intuitive to use the database visual designer at design-time. It is most unfortunate that this method is the least supported. Moreover, it seems just messy that we must drop to the Visual Studio DOS prompt and use SQLMetal to get it fully working.
This isn’t trivial, so I will put it in a separate post here.
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<urn:uuid:0b211c74-2811-4a3b-8dc8-e05b6e75fbc3>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://blog.jerrynixon.com/2011/11/mango-sample-database-part-12.html
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Saturday 2 May 1914
It was Saturday, under the sign of Taurus. The US president was Woodrow Wilson (Democratic).
The Life of General Villa, directed by Christy Cabanne, was one of the most viewed movies released in 1914
But much more happened that day: find out below..
Or have a look at the whole 1914.
Which were the most popular movies released in the last 30 days ?
Find out your future
Which were the important events of 2 May 1914 ?
- Saint Zoe
- Saint Mafalda
- Saint Waldebert, Walbert or Gaubert
- Saint Germanus
- Saints Exuperius and Zoe
- Saint Boris
- Saint Athanasius
- Indonesia - Indonesia National Education Day
- Iran - Teacher's Day
- Slovenia - second day of Labour Day
- Madrid Region - Day of the Region.
- Bah�'f Faith: Last day of the Festival of Ridv�n
- Poland - Flag Day, an official holiday to honour the Flag of Poland
- saint tsar Boris
Famous Birthdays:See famous people born on 02 May
Which were the top hits in that special week of May 1914 ?
Top #2 songs in the USA
- The Darktown Poker Club - Bert Williams
- Nearer My God to Thee - John McCormack
Make this date unforgettable
CD and DVD Birthday Cards
Which were the most popular books released in the last weeks ?
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http://takemeback.to/02-May-1914
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The UGBS library welcome you to its outstanding information resources for teaching, learning, and research. The library forms part of the University of Ghana Library System (UGLS) and can be accessed online for peer-reviewed literature, e-books as well as bibliographic data for print resources.
The subject scope of the School Library collection reflects the courses and programmes in the School. The Library has a rich collection in Accounting, Finance, Marketing and Entrepreneurship, Organization and Human Resources Management, Operations and Management Information Systems, Public Administration and Health Services Management. Other allied subject areas covered are Economics, Statistics and Social Psychology. Every effort is made to acquire all Ghana Government publications and others on Ghana with special reference to Management and Public Administration.
The mission of the UGBS Library is to achieve excellence in the provision and promotion of world-class business information services to support teaching, learning, research, and outreach programmes of UGBS using knowledgeable, competent, and experienced staff and state-of-the-art technology.
The vision of UGBS Library is to be the pivot of the teaching, learning and research activities of the school.
Objectives of the Library
The basic objectives of the UGBS Library are:
1. To acquire, organize, preserve, and disseminate books, periodicals and other library materials that support effective teaching, learning, research, and other outreach programmes of the School.
2. To provide the physical facilities and equipment to enhance the most effective use of the library resources in the school.
3. To teach library users the most effective and efficient use of the library and the resources.
4. To assist and cooperate with faculty members in their teaching, research, and other outreach programmes.
5. To cooperate with other libraries, in the University Community in particular, in resource sharing.
The UGBS Library has staff made up of Professionals and Paraprofessionals.
• Reference Services
• Lending Services (Staff only)
• Inter-Library loan Services
• User education.
There are internet-connected computers at various locations in the library for learning and research.
1. Silence must always be observed within the precincts of the library.
2. Readers must not bring into the reading areas attaché cases, handbags, folders. These items can be deposited on the counter at the security checkpoint.
3. MOBILE PHONES must be switched off in the Library premises.
4. Users leaving the Library must show to the security officer all books in their possession.
5. Patrons must co-operate with Library officials when the need arises for body checks to be made.
6. SMOKING is forbidden in all parts of the library
7. FOOD (including sweets and groundnuts) is not allowed in the Library.
8. Great care must be taken of Library Books and they must not be defiled in any way. Patrons will be held responsible for any damage to a book while in their possession.
9. Library Offences/ Sanctions. The following sanctions shall be applied to these offences – (a) Loss or misplacement of books and related materials. A member who commits this offence shall be liable to pay the current price of the book, plus a service charge. (b) Unlawful acquisition of books and other related materials. A member who commits this offence shall be dismissed from the University. (c) Mutilation of books. Without regard to the category of books mutilated, a member who commits this offence shall be dismissed from the University.
10. Permission to use the Library may be withdrawn by the Dean or the Librarian from any reader for breach of the rules in force at the time, or for any other cause that may appear to the Dean or the Librarian to be sufficient.
The UGBS Library Users comprise Students, Academic Staff, and other members of the University community. Other members of the public are to obtain permission from the Librarian.
Semester Opening Hours
Monday – Friday 8.30am- 10.00pm
Saturday 8.00am – 6:00pm
Sunday 1.00pm- 6.00pm (examination week)
Monday – Friday 8.30am- 6.00pm
8.30am- 11.00pm (examination week)
Monday – Friday 8.30am- 5.00pm
Monday – Friday 8.30am- 6.00pm
8.30am- 9.00pm (examination period)
Saturday 8.30am- 6.00pm
8.30am- 9.00pm (examination week)
Office: Room 33.
copyright © 2016 University of Ghana Business School. All Rights Reserved
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The Dysfunctional Organization:
This workshop is designed for the any business, corporation, or group wishing to explore the emotional patterns and temperature of their organization. Through experiential exercises, participants will explore and identify patterns that work well, as well as those that are destructive. The destructive patterns will be reframed, and felt to create positive change and growth for the organization.
Every business and organization strives for supportive, understanding, and unified teams. This workshop explores the building blocks of the organization and offers a variety of healthy patterns members can explore as possible solutions. Armed with these resources participants can collectively choose and implement tools they can use to come together creating healthy, happy, and productive teams.
Research is showing that, when it comes to communication and decision-making, we have three brains rather than one. The brain that we believe is in charge, actually is not. This workshop explores how these three brains work together. Participants will learn techniques, based on brain research, to help them communicate more clearly, consistently, and effectively.
A common assumption is that groups can make better decisions by taking the emotions out of the process. Yet when we take the emotions out of our decisions, we are taking over 90% of our decision-making power out as well. This workshop is designed to help organizations better understand how our brains make decisions and learn ways to welcome the full brain to the table in order to make healthier, more functional decisions that individuals are more likely to carry out effectively.
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<urn:uuid:a7a98ada-7ed9-484a-8f87-d47e5d7bcec2>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://livingtrueinc.com/upcoming-workshops/organizational-workshops/
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LEARNING FROM MULTIPLE VIEWS OF DATA
Jacobs, David Willian
MetadataShow full item record
This dissertation takes inspiration from the abilities of our brain to extract information and learn from multiple sources of data and try to mimic this ability for some practical problems. It explores the hypothesis that the human brain can extract and store information from raw data in a form, termed a common representation, suitable for cross-modal content matching. A human-level performance for the aforementioned task requires - a) the ability to extract sufficient information from raw data and b) algorithms to obtain a task-specific common representation from multiple sources of extracted information. This dissertation addresses the aforementioned requirements and develops novel content extraction and cross-modal content matching architectures. The first part of the dissertation proposes a learning-based visual information extraction approach: Recursive Context Propagation Network or RCPN, for semantic segmentation of images. It is a deep neural network that utilizes the contextual information from the entire image for semantic segmentation, through bottom-up followed by top-down context propagation. This improves the feature representation of every super-pixel in an image for better classification into semantic categories. RCPN is analyzed to discover that the presence of bypass-error paths in RCPN can hinder effective context propagation. It is shown that bypass-errors can be tackled by inclusion of classification loss of internal nodes as well. Secondly, a novel tree-MRF structure is developed using the parse trees to model the hierarchical dependency present in the output. The second part of this dissertation develops algorithms to obtain and match the common representations across different modalities. A novel Partial Least Square (PLS) based framework is proposed to learn a common subspace from multiple modalities of data. It is used for multi-modal face biometric problems such as pose-invariant face recognition and sketch-face recognition. The issue of sensitivity to the noise in pose variation is analyzed and a two-stage discriminative model is developed to tackle it. A generalized framework is proposed to extend various popular feature extraction techniques that can be solved as a generalized eigenvalue problem to their multi-modal counterpart. It is termed Generalized Multiview Analysis or GMA, and used for pose-and-lighting invariant face recognition and text-image retrieval.
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<urn:uuid:fe2a06b1-1a3a-4887-af2b-b9359e4e9386>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://drum.lib.umd.edu/handle/1903/16629
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en
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|
Half of the American public believes gay marriage is a constitutional right.
Fifty percent said that same-sex marriages is protected by the U.S. Constitution’s Equal Protection clause, according to a Washington Post/ABC News poll released Friday. In contrast, 43% said they don’t think the law grants gay and lesbian couples the legal right to wed.
Americans’ support for gay marriage reached a record high in March when 59% of Americans of varying ages said they favored marriage equality. The newest poll reveals a three-point decrease in residents’ support for allowing same-sex individuals to marry, as the one-year mark approaches this month of when the Supreme Court ruled unconstitutional the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA). Thirty-eight percent currently oppose it.
The numbers in support of marriage equality this year are a big jump from a similar survey in 2004 that depicted just 32% of Americans favoring gay rights.
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<urn:uuid:06061351-2c53-4589-820c-394ae84b279e>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.msnbc.com/way-too-early/half-america-says-gay-marriage-right
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Are you looking for a holiday that is beyond the ordinary? Have you always wanted to create lifelong memories with your family? Do you want to experience the ultimate adventure during your holiday in Australia? Consider taking a whale watching cruise! Whale watching gives you the opportunity to interact with some of the most beautiful and unique ocean creatures while enjoying time out on the water. Whether you are a whale enthusiast or just fancy spending a few hours enjoying the sea, a whale watching cruise is the perfect activity.
Why Should You Go Whale Watching?
If you are travelling in Australia between May and September, you can go whale watching in Sydney. The Northern Humpback Whale Migration occurs at this time of year, and whale watching cruises depart out of Sydney to give passengers the best experience of seeing these amazing animals. A whale watching cruise usually lasts a few hours. Most whale watching cruise operators use small, agile boats that are able to get quite close to the whales. Additionally, cruising on a smaller vessel allows for a more relaxed and interesting experience.
Humpback whales are one of the best species to observe during a whale watching excursion. They are generally curious and “friendly” toward boats, and may swim closely alongside whale watching cruisers for several minutes. Humpbacks also display identifying characteristics, making it easy to tell one from another. Finally, these whales participate in many different behaviours, such as breaching, during migration. Whale watching is a fascinating experience for people of all ages, and children especially enjoy seeing whales in their natural environment.
How to Book a Whale Watching Cruise :
If you’ve decided to add a whale watching adventure to your holiday, you can use the internet to research the options, and even book your cruise. It’s important to remember that whale watching cruises operate out of different ports at different times of the year. Cruise providers plan their operating schedules around the Northern and Southern Humpback Migration. While cruises generally launch from Sydney during the Northern Migration, during the Southern Migration (September to November) cruises launch from Merimbula on the southern coast of New South Wales.
When you are researching the different companies that offer whale watching tours, there are a few things to keep in mind. Most importantly, you want to choose a company that respects the whales and operates in an environmentally responsible way. It’s also good to find a company that offers several different cruise lengths, so you can pick the one that will work best for you and your family.
You should also pay attention to the types of boats offered by different cruise providers. Some people may prefer a larger boat, which is less prone to rocking and inducing seasickness. However, people who wish for a personalised and close-up experience with the whales should choose a smaller boat. There are even some boats that have a built-in underwater hydrophone which allows passengers to experience the unique beauty of whale songs. No matter which cruise you choose, your whale watching adventure is sure to be one of your all-time favourite holiday memories.
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PHILADELPHIA – A fundraising campaign to help save Benjamin Franklin's damaged gravestone is no longer livin' on a prayer.
Rocker Jon bon Jovi and his wife, Dorothea, on Tuesday donated $5,000 to the Christ Church Preservation Trust to quickly push it past its $10,000 goal.
The marble ledger tablet marking Franklin's grave at Philadelphia's Christ Church Burial Ground has developed a significant crack on top of the pitting caused by the ritual of tossing pennies onto Franklin's grave.
Thousands of coins are thrown onto the marker each year in a tribute to Franklin's adage, "a penny saved, is a penny earned."
Franklin, who died in 1790, is one of seven signers of the Declaration of Independence buried across from Independence Mall.
The trust received grants to cover most of the restoration costs.
Information from: The Philadelphia Inquirer, http://www.inquirer.com
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Even-tempered and peace loving, he is not easily ruffled and is rarely given to emotional displays. John Bardeen has a calming effect on more high-strung or volatile people, and an emotional steadiness that others find soothing. Though gentle and not easily provoked, Bardeen is tremendously stubborn and resists any change that requires an emotional adjustment, such as changes in his home life or marriage.
John Bardeen seeks security and loyalty in love relationships, is extremely devoted to his loved ones and provides a warm, nurturing atmosphere for them. However, Bardeen tends to cling to others and prevent them from changing.
A great deal of physical affection, closeness and touching is crucial to John's well-being, and he has a tendency to overindulge in sensual comforts and pleasures. At times John Bardeen substitutes food for emotional comfort and love.
His own feelings and emotions are something of an enigma to John, and it is often difficult for him to share with others what he is feeling.
John Bardeen frequently withdraws from contact with the world, and needs a healing, peaceful environment in order to blossom and come out of his.
Bardeen identifies with the oppressed, disenfranchised or underdog in any situation and he wants to help them or care for them in some way.
John Bardeen genuinely appreciates and understands women, and is likely to have many female friends, a network of women who love and support him. It is relatively easy for John Bardeen to attract companionship and affection, and there will never be a lack of such relationships in his life. Children are very important to Bardeen also.
He is uninhibited and spontaneous and will often do something unexpected or humorous in order to loosen people up and get them out of their rut. John Bardeen craves emotional stimulation, excitement, surprises and anything new. Bardeen also loves to feel free and unfettered.
John Bardeen tends to surround himself with people who are gentle, sensitive, peace-loving, and artistically or spiritually inclined, and there is a strong element of mutual compassion and sympathy in his personal relationships. It is easy for John to tune in psychically to other people's feelings and emotional worlds. John Bardeen may share this type of telepathic link with his mother, sisters, or female friends in particular.
Bardeen is reserved and shy and his thinking is controlled and somewhat slow. When talking, John Bardeen sometimes may have the feeling that the words get stuck in his throat. Because of his disciplined mind, John is able to concentrate easily.
He is inclined to be somewhat gloomy, is easily offended, and he tries to suppress the jealousy he may feel. John Bardeen may have been brought up to sacrifice and forego a lot of things, making him a bit hard and unyielding in later life.
Sensitive and sentimental, John Bardeen is deeply attached to his family, old friends, familiar places and the past. He is romantic and tender in love relationships, and it is of utmost importance to Bardeen to remember birthdays, anniversaries, family rituals and other personally significant days. John Bardeen seeks caring, emotional support, and security in his love relationships. John likes to be needed, as well as to cherish and protect his loved ones, of whom he is somewhat possessive.
For John Bardeen, caring and affection must be expressed tangibly, and he loves giving and receiving gifts. John values luxury, comfort, and elegance very highly and appreciates beautiful things. He can be self-indulgent and extravagant. Being overly possessive of people he loves and of his belongings is something John Bardeen needs to beware of.
John Bardeen is not a traditionalist where love and relationships are concerned, and he often feels that formal commitments and conventional relationships are too binding and restricting. Thus, John is not very comfortable with forming lasting attachments or letting other people depend on him. He may be attracted to wild, unreliable, highly creative and/or unstable people who do not offer him any security. Even if John Bardeen professes to want something steady and solid, he is very reluctant to give up his freedom and autonomy for its sake. At best, he is suited to serial monogamy or relationships that leave Bardeen a lot of breathing space.
He is very romantic, idealistic and imaginative about love relationships. John Bardeen yearns for his "true love" or "soul mate" and may become disappointed in those who never quite live up to his dream image of the perfect lover. Bardeen frequently fantasizes about love and often falls in love with someone he can only love from afar. He may avoid making a definite personal commitment. Gentle and sensitive, John Bardeen does not like to be approached in a very direct or aggressive manner. He is attracted to those with artistic or mystical inclinations.
John Bardeen has a merry disposition and a strong desire for pleasure and amusement. Interested in art, he has a sense of beauty, but also could be somewhat extravagant. His outgoing personality puts others at ease and Bardeen tends to discuss love and beauty with them.
John has the ability to share the abundance of love he feels with many people. But there also is a very strong self-indulgent streak in Bardeen, and he has to be careful not to eat or drink too much and feel bad as a result of it.
Astrological factors in this Astro Profile section:
Moon in Taurus
Moon in 12th house
Moon Sextile Venus
Moon Trine Uranus
Moon Sextile Neptune
Moon Conjunct Mercury/Saturn
Moon Conjunct Saturn/Pluto
Venus in Cancer
Venus in 2nd house
Venus Opposition Uranus
Venus Conjunct Neptune
Venus Conjunct Mercury/Jupiter
Venus Conjunct Jupiter/Pluto
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The New Pearl Harbor
|This article needs additional citations for verification. (January 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)|
The New Pearl Harbor: Disturbing Questions About the Bush Administration and 9/11 (2004, ISBN 1-56656-552-9) is a book written by David Ray Griffin, a retired professor of philosophy at the Claremont School of Theology. It draws analogies between the September 11, 2001, attacks and the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. The title is taken from the 2000 paper "Rebuilding America's Defenses" produced by the Project for the New American Century, which noted that only a "new Pearl Harbor" would enable the military and defense policy transformations the group desired to rapidly take place.
In the book, Griffin presents pieces of evidence and arguments which he believes support a conclusion that the George W. Bush administration was complicit in the September 11, 2001, attacks, and therefore constituted a false flag incident.
Part One of the book looks at the events of 9/11, discussing each Flight in turn and also the behavior of President George W. Bush and his Secret Service protection. Part Two examines 9/11 in a wider context, in the form of four "disturbing questions":
- Did US Officials have advance information about 9/11?
- Did US Officials obstruct investigations prior to 9/11?
- Did US Officials have reasons for allowing 9/11?
- Did US Officials block captures and investigations after 9/11?
- "What's notable about Griffin's take on these events is how easily he leaps to larger evils, a conspiracy at the top. Griffin is a thoughtful, well-informed theologian who before September 11 probably would not have gone anywhere near a conspiracy theory. But the catastrophic failures of that awful day are so implausible and the lies about Iraq so blatant, he feels he has no choice but to recycle some of the wilder conspiracy theories, several of which were popularized by Thierry Meyssan in L'Effroyable Imposture (9/11: The Big Lie), a bestseller in France.
Baer adds that Griffin's subtitle, Disturbing Questions About the Bush Administration and 9/11, "suggests this book is a search for truth, but don't let that fool you. His mind is all but made up."
- "Defense and National Security". Project for the New American Century. Archived from the original on 10 October 2013.
- "9/11 Commission Materials". www.archives.gov.
- "Bin Ladin's Bookshelf". www.dni.gov. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
- David Ray Griffin (2013). 9/11 Ten Years Later: When State Crimes against Democracy Succeed. Interlink Books. p. 21. ISBN 1623710030. Retrieved 2014-01-20.
It appears, therefore, that 9/11 was the most elaborate example yet of a false-flag attack
- Falk, Richard (16 June 2004). "Foreword to "The New Pearl Harbor" written by David Ray Griffin". Transnational Foundation for Peace and Future Research. Archived from the original on 20 January 2012.
- "The New Pearl Harbor: Disturbing Questions about the Bush Administration and 9/11 by David Ray Griffin Review by Chip Berlet". www.publiceye.org.
- "Response to Chip Berlet's Review of the New Pearl Harbor". www.publiceye.org. 1 May 2004.
- "The New Pearl Harbor: A Debate On A New Book That Alleges The Bush Administration Was Behind The 9/11 Attacks". Democracy Now!.
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Financial experts warn of the economic effect of the recently approved SSS pension hike.
Economists explain the negative and positive effects of the soon to be implemented pension hike of the Social Security System (SSS).
The P1,000 increase in pension will hugely help in the expenses of more than two million pensioners.
If the purchasing power of the public increases, it will have a positive effect on the economy.
One of the concepts in economics is the circular flow of income. This means that if consumers spend money it follows that production of goods and services will increase, which will then lead to additional employment.
An increase in employment rate means additional income for workers who will then spend the money they earn on goods and services. This is how money flows in the Philippines.
An economist notes that if the pension hike for retired SSS members will be considered as a government spending multiplier, and the money that retirees receive will be allocated for private use, it will result in economic growth.
“If and when the retirees will spend the money for private spending that will actually catalyze economic growth,” Economist Ronilo Balbieran told UNTV News in a phone interview.
On the other hand, the effect of SSS pension hike can be negative if the government ends up shouldering the funds that will be used for the said increase.
Meanwhile, some employers are not against the hike in SSS contributions as long as it will result in economic growth.
“Pwede naman po kami magbigay. Wala naman po sa amin ‘yun. Maganda naman para makatulong. Kaya nga lang sa sitwasyon namin, ‘yung economy natin ngayon taas nang taas ang tax, ‘yung mga bilihin. Paano ka makakadagdag?” said Maya Rosario, an employer.
(We can contribute. We don’t have problem with that. However, because of the situation now where taxes and prices of goods continue to increase, it’s difficult to contribute more.)
Some economists believe that to balance the impact of the SSS pension hike on the economy, the government should increase the contribution of SSS members. — Mon Jocson | UNTV News & Rescue
The post Financial experts explain positive, negative effects of SSS pension hike on economy appeared first on UNTV News.
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In avant-garde concert music, a generational attraction to drone-inspired, modal, repetitive (often “closed loop”) music was taking place with composer-performers like La Monte Young, Terry Riley, Terry Jennings, Dennis Johnson and Philip Krumm. The modal sense not only included the traditional seven Gregorian modes but also scales from world and pop music, as well as alternative tunings.
Terry Jennings played saxophone, clarinet, violin and piano, and was influenced in his early years not only by Cage‘s music (whose Sonatas and Interludes he played with his mom), by Miles Davis and John Coltrane and Stravinsky and Schoenberg, and by the modes of Indian classical music. At some point in the early 60s he met people who were considered in the avant-garde in New York, such as La Monte Young and Richard Maxfield, a composer of elegant electronic music (he made his piece Wind from the mechanical and breath sounds of Terry Jennings’ sax), and who helped to present Jennings’ music. His peaceful, meditative and entirely original Piano Piece (1958) is one of the earliest works of what is sometimes called the “music of extended duration” (La Monte Young’s Trio for Strings (1958) is considered the seminal work in this style). The piece is played at a very slow tempo; simple intervals overlap to gradually form beautiful but technically dissonant chords. Certain interval-based sonorities hold while others disappear, creating a strange, lonely effect. His subsequent Piano Piece (1960) employs similar techniques, but this time has no tempo marking, each chord held until it fades, with the sustaining pedal depressed throughout. His Song, also from 1960, has a touching melody in Lydian mode and a rhythmic drone which has a slow non-pulsed shifting quality like a tamboura accompanying the first part (alap) of a raga where no tempo has yet been established.
“Winter Trees” (1965), also scored for piano, is a set of free tempo arpeggiated modal chords and small melodic ideas. The harmonies, which are modulated enharmonically, are startlingly beautiful, much like each change (at the rate of about one per minute) of the sustained harmonies of Jennings’ ethereal String Quartet. Another piano work, “Winter Sun” (1966), was written after a long improvisation while Jennings was living with his family in a fruitarian desert community in Agua Caliente, Arizona—one he eventually left because the members of this religious cult wanted his family to “wear white robes with a yellow waist band and a red strip on it … we decided we weren’t welcome anymore and we left” (Village Voice, January 11, 1968). Like his original improvisation, this piece can be repeated “over and over” and is built from three ideas: (1) simple grace note inflections of a D major 9th chord, (2) two pedaled chords leading to a single held note, (3) two arpeggiated chords in free tempo. The effect can only be described as mesmerizing. Jennings’ music in the 1970s turned toward a kind of neo-romantic style (e.g. his song cycle The Seasons, 1975).
Terry Riley has played improvised music his whole life: in the late 50s he played in an improvising trio with Pauline Oliveros (French horn rather than accordion in those days), and Loren Rush (koto and double bass) that had a somewhat serialist sound; with La Monte Young he performed graph scores like the Concert for Two Pianists and Tape Recorders (1960, later published in Young’s An Anthology in 1963) with its mysterious symbols designed to inspire spontaneous associations, leading to musical and theatrical realizations. Influenced by gamelan and Indian classical music, Riley was soon to invent his highly individual work using from repeated patterns and modal scales. His famous composition In C (1964), scored for any ensemble of tempered instruments, is his purest example of this pattern or cyclic music style.
In his famous improvisational keyboard piece, A Rainbow in Curved Air (1968), Riley developed several techniques for varying the patterns: offsetting or displacing the pattern by several steps in reference to the pulse or another pattern; “pyramiding” by stacking the same pattern against itself on different steps; selecting fragments from a pattern and creating brief loops of that fragment/sample; playing a pattern in eighth notes against a pattern in sixteenths or quarters etc.; playing ascending or descending modal chords slowly against patterns. (Another type of pattern displacement technique also existed in 1930s arrangements by Fletcher Henderson, Don Redman, and in Ellington‘s “Creole Rhapsody” (1931) with its over-the-bar cycles). Riley’s earlier experience as a jazz pianist is celebrated in his “Ragtempus Fugatis” (1994, in book 7 of The Heaven Ladder) for which his memory of playing with the legendary ragtime pianist Wally Rose in San Francisco in 1961 generated a ragtime piece in a fugal structure. Riley’s other recent piano music ranges from extensive compositions in alternate tunings, such as The Harp of New Albion, to improvisations that span across numerous musical styles.
In the early 1960s, many artists of all sorts created verbal pieces that were descriptions or instructions for elaborate street theatre (e.g. George Brecht‘s “Motor Vehicle Sundown Event,” Walter De Maria‘s “Beach Crawl”), for poetic inspirations (Yoko Ono‘s work), absurdist theatre (Dick Higgins‘ plays, Henry Flynt‘s “Work Such That No One Knows What Is Going On”), political satire, fantastical musings, meditative imagery, etc.
La Monte Young, like Anthony Philip Heinrich, is a log cabin-identified composer, in his case having been born in one in Idaho. He says that all he knew until high school was cowboy music, and then his high school harmony teacher introduced him to the music of Schoenberg and Bartók, and later at Los Angeles City College he was introduced to Webern‘s music. At that point, Young gave up playing jazz on his sopranino saxophone, and discovered the possibilities of improvising with the natural harmonic series and just intonation.
Young created several verbal pieces that involved the piano and pianists: the “Piano Piece for Terry Riley #1” (1960) asked the performer to push a piano against a wall (and even potentially through it) until the performer is exhausted; “Piano Piece for David Tudor #1” (1960) involves feeding the piano with a bale of hay and bucket of water; “Piano Piece for David Tudor #2” (1960) describes manipulating the keyboard cover without making any sound or providing any explanation to the audience; and “Piano Piece for David Tudor #3” (1960) simply offers the Zen-like observation “most of them were very old grasshoppers”.
Two other short verbal instruction pieces by Young fall under the category of “music of extended duration”: the “Composition 1960 #10” to Bob Morris which simply gives the profound instruction to “Draw a straight line and follow it”, and the “Composition 1960 #7” which is a musical staff upon which is written the open fifth interval of B and F-sharp with the direction “to be held a long time”. This particular tuning is close to both the first two notes of the tambura drone tuning for any of the potential ragas of Indian music, and the fundamental and first overtone of the drone heard in electrical appliances operating at 60Hz throughout North America. The aura of this mysterious drone with no beginning and no end was further celebrated in Young’s “The Second Dream of The High-Tension Line Stepdown Transformer” from The Four Dreams of China (harmonic version 1963, melodic version 1984) recently recorded by The Theatre of Eternal Music Brass Ensemble with eight trumpets bearing Harmon mutes who play long sustained tones. That complex of frequencies “can be isolated in the harmonic structures of the sounds of power plants and telephone poles”. Long, slowly drifting or finely tuned drones are also the basis of Young’s Dream House installations of continuous sound and light (by Marian Zazeela) that last for several weeks.
In 1964, Young began two projects which continue up to the present: The Tortoise, His Dreams and Journeys for voices, various instruments and sine waves (which has appeared under many titles and realizations), and The Well-Tuned Piano with its complex just intonation tunings and novel improvisation techniques.
With sections titled “The Shimmering Pool”, “Hommage á Ravel”, “Blues for Eurydice”, “Orpheus and Eurydice in the Elysian Fields”, “The Fountain”, “Homage á Debussy”, “Sunlight Filtering through Leaves”, “Homage to Brahms”, The Well-Tuned Piano is a more than 300-minute work with about 400 sections including blues breaks. The initial tuning is based on a chord in Young’s “Early Tuesday Morning Blues,” which arose in improvisations for sopranino saxophone, vocal drones, and other instruments conducted between 1962 and 1964. From that initial tuning Young worked out a set of frequency relationships, and eventually taught pianist-composer Michael Harrison (who also employs microtonal spectra in his own works) to tune the precise frequencies, allowing Young to concentrate on the inherent musical links, expansions and interrelations between the parts of a live performance. The tuning and musical patterns induce otherworldly sensations within the listener, attempting to open a spiritual window on the eternal, perhaps a sense of reality more in line with the four-dimensional space-time of physics which “makes no provisions whatever for either a ‘present moment’ or a ‘movement’ of time, ” according to P.C.W. Davies in The Physics of Time Asymmetry.
Ben Johnston studied with John Cage, Darius Milhaud, and Harry Partch, the legendary instrument builder-composer who, in his seminal book Genesis of a Music, produced an intensive re-consideration of and practical thought about tuning. Johnston based his “extended just intonation” tuning on Partch’s concepts, although their music is quite different. His Sonata for Microtonal Piano/Grindlemusic (1965) tunes the piano to eighty-one different pitches with only seven consonant octaves (for comparison, Johnston’s String Quartet employs a 53-tone just intonation scale). This piece has two “versions” that follow each other: Sonata (which follows the traditional form: sonata-allegro, scherzo, slow movement, finale with each movement in the unusual ballad form AABA) and “Grindlemusic” (which conforms to a re-shuffled sonata order: finale/Premises, sonata-allegro/Questions, slow movement/Soul Music, and scherzo/Mood Music). The tuning is the same for the two versions, but the two different musical approaches make one version sound acceptable and the other grotesque. In Sonata, the music and tuning generate a spectrum of timbral edges from relatively smooth 3rds and 5ths, to sharper harmonically compound chords, and finally explores chromatic and enharmonic intervals that sound disturbingly out-of-tune. The other side of this “Janus-faced piece” is Grindlemusic which serves as the Sonata’s nemesis or alter-ego: here the pitches are chosen by a 12-tone system which ignores the tuning thereby creating a strangely grotesque sound and rhythms are transformed through complex metrical modulations. Fascinating and complex rhythmic proportions are also explored in Johnston’s Knocking Piece for Grand Piano Interior (1962), in which the players are free to choose the different surfaces, and the sustaining pedal is used for additional timbral color. Johnston has also composed a Suite for Microtonal Piano (1978) and Twelve Partials (1980) for flute and microtonal piano, as well as several impressive vocal works (Calamity Jane To Her Daughter, the opera Gertrude or Would She Be Pleased To Receive It?), as well as the early pieces for jazz band entitled “Ivesberg Revisited” (1960) and “Newcastle Troppo” (1960).
Philip Krumm was an early pioneer in modal, repetitive pattern music with such innovative compositions as Music for Clocks (1962) for multiple clocks/metronomes and orchestra (recorded in the newly released Music From the Once Festival 1961-1966, New World Records, 2003), and his “Sound Machine” (1966, formerly on Irida), a mysterious and charming electronic composition that suggests a living being with a gently insistent pulse, more like a purr, who sometimes emits quasi-random tiny beeps and sighs.
Krumm’s remarkable Piano Variations (1962) are all performed using only one mid-range root position C major chord. The “variations” are in the complex fingering changes that affect the pressure—and consequently the timbre—of the chord. The score of Krumm’s Formations for piano (1961-1962, recorded on IDEA Records, 2003), based on star maps, is unfolded like a long Japanese scroll book and is covered with lattices which connect pitches; the notation looks like some celestial pathway. Movement occurs from note to note following straight lines in any direction; the notes are written modally on the white keys without accidentals, which may be added by the performer (similar to the medieval musica ficta practice of keeping melodies in the same shape but changing their modes by the addition or subtraction of flats and sharps, used then to generate final sounding cadences).
Krumm’s “Banshee Fantasy” for piano solo (1996) pays homage to Henry Cowell‘s “The Banshee.” Krumm employs several techniques used by Cowell (forearm tone clusters, scrapping across the strings, glissandi along a string, silently depressed chords) and adds others (patting hands randomly or using guitar slides on the strings, fast keyboard gestures held with the sustaining pedal resonate beneath subsequent playing on the inside strings, etc.). Recently, Krumm has created over eighty electronic pattern music miniatures under the title Secret Pleasures, and has composed a Concerto for Bassoon (recorded on Opus One).
Steve Reich‘s pattern works for the keyboard include the Piano Phase (1967) for two pianos or two marimbas, and Four Organs (1970) for four electric organs and maracas. Jazz was important in Reich’s early life, and from experience and others he derived the unchanging pulse in most of his instrumental works. His writing has a more propulsive and percussive edge than works by Riley or Philip Glass. Perhaps the culmination of his use of the piano as percussion is Six Pianos, a work inspired by Reich’s desire to create a work for all the pianos in a piano store.
From 88 Keys to Freedom: Segues Through the History of American Piano Music
by “Blue” Gene Tyranny
© 2003 NewMusicBox
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"Green Conservation" Policy for Solglimt Bed and Breakfast
Solglimt is committed to taking care of you and your environment with green building practices, organic and local foods, recycling and more.
We reduce energy consumption through any means possible. As in selecting energy efficient appliances, compact fluorescent or LED lighting, turning things off when not in use and using more insulation and Low E insulated glass.
- The fitting of Low Energy Light Bulbs.
- All radiators are thermostatically controlled with settings checked.
- Reducing our water consumption with low flow fixtures, a towel reuse program that provides guests with the option of not requesting new towels every day, saving water and energy.
- Our main household appliances are Energy Star rated.
- Fresh Air - Rooms that have windows that open.
- Non-Smoking Rooms -All our rooms are guaranteed to be free of smoke pollution.
- Using environmentally friendly, phosphate free cleaning products.
- Use e-mail as much as possible to save paper.
- Bulk Soap & Amenities - Soaps, shampoo and conditioner in bulk dispensers instead of individual bottles, reducing packaging, costs and landfill impact.
- Durable Service Items - Cups, glasses, mugs, dishes, tableware and other items that are long-lasting and not disposables.
- We have a recycling system in place and all clean paper, newspapers, plastic, metal and glass are placed in a recycling bin which is clearly marked with visual aids for simplicity.
- 100% Cotton Towels-Sheets - Cotton items do not add VOCs to the air in guest rooms. Synthetic fabrics are not sustainable and use petrochemicals.
- We try very hard to minimize our use of toxic cleansers in the bathrooms, without sparing our ideals on disinfecting and leaving rooms very clean for our guests. We try to keep in mind that everything that goes down the drain, eventually reaches the environment.
- We purchase locally made products as much as possible.
Food - Fair Trade and Organic
- Buying locally sourced produce wherever possible
- Buying where possible Organic & free range & locally sourced food.
- We purchase Fair trade products including teas and coffee, as much as possible.
- Eco-friendly Food - We offer food that may be organically grown and raised or is local and fresh reducing transportation impact costs. Our breakfast items are fresh and made from scratch therefore eliminating synthetic, hydrolyzed and additives that are used to chemically preserve foods.
- Allergies Conscious - We try to take care of people with chemical sensitivities and food allergies.
- We worm compost all of our fruit and vegetable waste. The bins produce compost which we spread on our gardens and the worm “juice” is used to fertilize our outside lawn and gardens and inside house plants.
- We have used many recycled building products from building demolition's in the finishing of interior spaces - doors, moldings, handrails, balustrades, fireplace mantle, light fixtures and glass.
- Double glazing and 6" thick wall insulation with 12-16” attic insulation.
- Local trades people and companies are used for maintenance work whenever possible.
Outdoor Space Conservation
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Dr. James A. Chapman
Is the teaching of beginning reading so mysterious and complicated that we still do not know for sure how to proceed? Such is the conclusion of Robert C. Aukerman after he reviewed 165 different approaches to beginning reading. He says that he suspects that some of the 165 different approaches may be more effective than others, but at this time we cannot know which ones, because it appears “next to impossible” to apply “adequate research techniques” to the evaluation of reading methods. He says that until we can understand and apply the psychology of learning to the methods of research, we must be content with our “primitive means” and go ahead and do “the best we can”. He gives one note of optimism: “We certainly can do better than we are doing at present.”1
That we “can do better than we are doing at present” seems to be an understatement, considering the growing numbers of Americans who cannot read or write properly. “Today, a staggering 23 million Americans—1 in 5 adults—lack the reading and writing abilities needed to handle the minimal demands of daily living. An additional 30 million are only marginally capable of being productive workers…. Demographers say the number of illiterates is steadily mounting, swelled by 1 million school dropouts a year.”2 The National Assessment of Education Progress survey published in 1976 says that in 1975, 35 percent of the nation’s fourth graders, 37 of the eighth graders, and 23 percent of the twelfth graders could not read.3 The Adult Performance Level study of 1975 shows that only “46.1 percent of the population between 18 and 65 were fully proficient and fluent readers. As you can see, the illiterates plus the slow readers are now a majority of the U.S. population.”4
Considering these statistics, there can be little doubt that our schools need to do a better job of teaching reading. But Professor Aukerman’s conclusions about what one must do in order to try to do better must be extremely disheartening to those who do not know the “secret” of teaching reading. He says that a “surprising number of ‘others’ have entered the field of reading from such areas as business, linguistics, speech, hearing, sociology, technology, languages, homemaking, television, psychology, physical therapy, audio-visual materials, programming, statistics, medicine, and optometry,” and that we would do well to heed what all of them have to say. He thinks that it is necessary that we have knowledge of all of the new approaches, and that “each new approach deserves a chance to prove itself under reasonable research conditions and in normal classroom environments.” We must make “every effort to explore the good in each approach and give each a chance to prove itself in our own hands.” If we do otherwise, we “may be rejecting the very messiah for whom we have so long been watching and waiting.”5 Earlier, in his introduction, Professor Aukerman set the stage for his reviews by saying that any findings presented in his book “as evidence that one approach to beginning reading is superior to another, or that any approach is effectual as a means of helping children learn to read are, at best, educated guesses.”6 These are discouraging words, if true. Aukerman’s conclusions indicate that even if one were able to personally experiment with all known approaches to reading and listen to the ideas of experts from every field imaginable, one still would be able only to guess at how to go about teaching reading.
But is this pessimism justified? Let us first point out that although Aukerman refers to 165 approaches, most of those approaches generally fit into one of two basic approaches to beginning reading: the whole word approach or the phonics approach. Within these two systems there are, of course, variations which may be difficult to evaluate, but the central elements of these two approaches not only can be evaluated but already have been. It is unconscionable and silly to pretend that we still do not know which of these two basic approaches is superior. The earlier whole-word (look-and-say or sight-reading) method has been thoroughly discredited and shown to be the major cause of the reading problems in America today (see the overwhelming evidence in the books by Blumenfeld, Chall, Flesch, and Terman and Walcutt listed at the end of this article). But now we have a modified whole-word approach that came into being after Rudolph Flesch and others made such a strong case for phonics. The whole-word establishment decided to camouflage their old approach to make it appear that they are now teaching phonics. In reality they are not. According to Aukerman, they are including some strands of phonics, but the phonics elements are only casually related to the whole-word approach which they still use.7Flesch says, “In contrast to the phonics-first texts, which teach all of phonics; look-and-say materials teach only a small part…. By now I estimate that on the average they offer 20 to 25 percent of the phonic inventory…. ”8
This new whole-word approach has, among other things, been called “gradual phonics” because it spreads its few phonics elements out over several years. True phonics, in contrast, has been called “intensive phonics” because it teaches all of the main sound-symbol relationships intensively from the very beginning of reading instruction. Because of the “slick” promotion of this new method, many people may not realize that the method is still the whole-word (look-and-say or sight-reading) method. They may believe that since it has some phonics in it, it may now be all right. The intent of this article is to show why the whole-word (gradual-phonics) method should be scrapped, and intensive phonics put in its place.
- The whole-word (gradual-phonics) method cannot be an efficient method of teaching beginning reading because the main assumption upon which the entire system depends is erroneous. This method is predicated on the belief that a reader perceives new words as wholes (i.e., as shapes or outlines).9 The devotees of this method assume that because adult readers see words as wholes and do not always have to analyze the parts, a beginning reader must learn new words as wholes. Walcutt, Lamport, and McCracken dispute that assumption.
Rapid adult readers can register whole phrases or short sentences at a glimpse because, and only because, they have perfect images of the words already stored in their brains…. But the adult reader sees all the letters (never a mere shape or outline) because he has learned the words as left-to-right sequences of letters, and he understands them that way. Now he sees them as “whole-word units.” But he did not learn them that way.10
In 1844, Samuel Stillman Greene wrote an excellent essay refuting the whole-word approach, which at that time was being vigorously advocated by Horace Mann. Mr. Mann, attempting to prove that printed words should be learned as whole objects, gave this example: “When we wish to give to a child the idea of a new animal, we do not present successively the different parts of it—an eye, an ear, the nose, the mouth, the body, or a leg; but we present the whole animal, as one object.”11 Professor Greene showed the flaws in Mann’s thinking with this reply:
…The illustration drawn from the animal, or a tree which is more commonly given, fails, we think, to meet all that is required in teaching a child to read. Grant, that he does not, in learning to distinguish a tree from a rock, or any other dissimilar object, form his idea of it by inspecting the parts separately, and then by combining trunk, bark, branches, twigs, leaves, and blossoms. In learning to read, however, he is to distinguish between objects which resemble each other, and in many instances, very closely, as in the case of the words, hand, band; now, mow; form, from; and scores of others. To make the illustration good, it would be necessary to place the child in a forest, containing some seventy thousand trees, made up of various genera, species, and varieties, among which were found many to be distinguished only by the slightest differences. Or, if it will suit the case any better, let him be placed in a grove, containing seven hundred trees, having, as before, strong resemblances; if, then, this general survey of each of them, as a whole object, will enable him to distinguish them rapidly from each other, whatever may be their size, or the order in which he may cast his eyes upon them, we will acknowledge the aptness of the illustration.12
The reader can easily see how Greene’s analogy applies to the perception of words. One can tell the difference between a word written on a page and a fly walking across the page without examining the parts of either one: he can perceive each of them as wholes. But one can reliably and consistently distinguish one word from another only by being able to recognize the parts that make up each word.
Now, here is one final proof that we do not perceive words as wholes when learning to read. Everyone knows that our language is an alphabetic language; that is, the written words are made up of symbols that represent the sounds of audible words. If we can determine how we perceive audible words (whether as wholes or as individual sounds), we should be able to infer that we perceive written words (which represent the audible words) in the same way. After all, in both instances the brain is doing the same work of translation: in the first instance through the ear; in the second, through the eye. Recent scientific studies give conclusive answers to this question.
Workers at the Haskins Laboratories in New Haven, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sweden’s Royal Institute of Technology and elsewhere have shown that the speech signal is a complex of acoustic units; brief segments bounded by momentary pauses or peaks in intensity….
Experimental results confirm that in the perception of speech we are ordinarily aware of discrete phonemic categories rather than of the continuous variation in each acoustic parameter: we perceive speech categorically….
…categorization occurs because a child is born with perceptual mechanisms that are tuned to the properties of speech. These mechanisms yield the forerunners of the phonemic categories that later will enable the child unthinkingly to convert the variable signal of speech into a series of phonemes and thence into words and meanings.13
There you have it. A human being perceives speech signals as separate sounds, and then converts the series of sounds into words. He does not perceive audible words as wholes. It should be clear that it would indeed be strange and unnatural if we do not perceive the written symbols of words in the same way that we perceive the audible sounds. Thus a system that makes children try to read by perceiving words as wholes must be viewed as grossly unnatural and pernicious.
- The intensive-phonics method has been proved successful everywhere it has been used. Many experienced teachers and administrators testify to its effectiveness. Mary L. Burkhardt, director of the Department of Reading (K-12), City School District Rochester, New York, tells about the tremendous results achieved when she got rid of the look-say and eclectic (combination phonics and sight-reading) programs and replaced them with intensive phonics programs.
When I entered the district in 1966, the student population was 40,000 (40 percent minority). Now it is 35,000 (57 percent minority). I am sure that you have often heard it said that the percentage of children who are minority influences the degree of reading failure in a given school or district. Reality is that whether children are “advantaged” or “disadvantaged,” black or white, rich or poor, does not have anything to do with how successfully children learn to read. Based on my professional experiences, such statements are only excuses for not teaching children to read….
…At that time, only look-say and eclectic programs (not phonics-first) were used in the school…. In spite of the teachers’ hard work and the children’s readiness and willingness to learn, children were having trouble learning to read. In fact, remedial readers were being generated in my school faster than I could remediate them.
Five years later (after replacing the old reading programs with three phonics-first programs). Rochester’s students are readers. Our students’ average reading performance is above grade level at grade one and at grade level in grades 2 through 6 as measured by the Metropolitan Reading Achievement Test. Please note that this test measures reading comprehension. This is a dramatic change from only five years ago when one of the major topics of conversation was the number of non-readers in our schools. Today, students automatically decode logically, systematically, and successfully. This enables them to use their energy to read for meaning and understanding, which of course is the ultimate purpose and joy of reading.14
At a teachers’ conference one year in Miami, Florida, I overheard a principal of a Christian school discussing reading with a friend who taught in another Christian school. The principal commented that students could not learn to read in kindergarten because they were not ready yet. The teacher replied, “How can you say that? I have taught five-year-old kindergarten for five years, and every year all of my students learn to read.” That pretty well ended the discussion. What could the principal say in view of such success? (The teacher, of course, was using an intensive-phonics program.)
I recently talked with the curriculum director of a large Christian day school about the effectiveness of their intensive-phonics program. She replied, “Our system simply does not produce any non-readers.”
Kathryn Diehl, author of Johnny Still Can’t Read—But You Can Teach Him at Home, says this:
I have seen enough excellent teachers of phonics systems in action to be in awe of them. They teach class after class in which no child reads below grade level, and the classes average two or three years above grade level. They have never seen a “dyslexic” child, nor produced a “learning disabled” or non-reader…. The one thing the sight-word advocates have never been able to prove is that children don’t learn to read with intensive phonics. They can’t prove it, because the evidence is over whelming that children can and do learn to read when properly taught with a good phonics system.15
[Note: There are of course dyslexic children, but not many. My first-grade teacher, with whom I talked recently, told me that in her forty-three years of teaching reading she had had no more than five dyslexics.]
If anyone doubts these personal experience stories, all he has to do to confirm their verity is to go to a school where intensive phonics is taught and ask to observe the children reading material they have never seen before.
- Rigorous research shows that intensive phonics is superior to gradual phonics. In 1965, Dr. Louis Gurren of New York University and Ann Hughes of the Reading Reform Foundation published a review of research which presented twenty-two comparisons between intensive phonics groups and gradual-phonics groups. Of the twenty-two comparisons, nineteen favored intensive phonics, three favored neither method, and none favored gradual phonics. Considering all the talk about meaning and comprehension by the gradual-phonics advocates, it is especially interesting that sixteen comparisons favored the intensive-phonics group as to comprehension and not one favored the gradual-phonics group. Gurren and Hughes’s overall conclusions are these:
- Rigorous controlled research clearly favors intensive teaching of all the main sound-symbol relationships, both vowel and consonant, from the start of formal reading instruction.
- Such teaching benefits comprehension as well as vocabulary and spelling.
- Phonetic groups are usually superior in grades 3 and above.16
In 1974, Dr. Robert Dykstra of the University of Minnesota published the results of his research concerning the best way to teach beginning reading. Here are his conclusions:
Reviewing the research comparing (1) phonic and look-say instructional programs, (2) intrinsic and systematic approaches to helping children learn the code, and (3) code-emphasis and meaning-emphasis basal programs leads to the conclusion that children get off to a faster start in reading if they are given early direct systematic instruction in the alphabetic code. The evidence clearly demonstrates that children who receive early intensive instruction in phonics develop superior word recognition skills in the early stages of reading and tend to maintain their superiority at least through the third grade. These same pupils tend to do somewhat better than pupils enrolled in meaning emphasis (delayed gradual phonics) programs in reading comprehension at the end of the first grade…. There is no evidence to justify the assertion that early instruction in the code brings about decreased reading speed. We can summarize the results of sixty years of research dealing with beginning reading instruction by stating that early systematic instruction in phonics provides the child with the skills necessary to become an independent reader at an earlier age than is likely if phonics instruction is delayed and less systematic. As a consequence of his early success in “learning to read,” the child can more quickly go about the job of “reading to learn.”17
In 1967, Dr. Jeanne S. Chall, director of the Reading Laboratory and professor of education at Harvard University, published Learning to Read: The Great Debate, which has since become a classic study on the best way to teach beginning reading. In 1983, she published an updated edition of the book, detailing the research from 1967-1981. In the 1983 edition, she says that the latest research even more strongly supports the conclusions she reached in 1967.18 Here are those conclusions:
My review of the research from the laboratory, the classroom, and the clinic points to the need for a correction in beginning reading instructional methods. Most school children in the United States are taught to read by what I have termed a meaning-emphasis method [gradual phonics]. Yet the research from 1912 to 1965 indicated that a code-emphasis method—i.e., one that views beginning reading as essentially different from mature reading and emphasizes learning of the printed code for the spoken language—produces better results, at least up to the point where sufficient evidence seems to be available, the end of the third grade.
The results are better, not only in terms of the mechanical aspects of literacy alone, as was once supposed, but also in terms of the ultimate goals of reading instruction-comprehension and possibly even speed of reading. The long existing fear that an initial code emphasis produces readers who do not read for meaning or with enjoyment is unfounded. On the contrary, the evidence indicates that better results in terms of reading for meaning are achieved with the programs that emphasize code at the start than with the programs that stress meaning at the beginning.19
- The whole-word (gradual-phonics) method is an ideal tool for those who are using the educational system for purposes other than that of achieving excellence in education. The proponents of gradual phonics constantly emphasize what they call “reading for meaning” or “thought-getting.” One might think that they are referring to the getting of precise meaning from the words on the printed page. Such is not usually the case. Walcutt, Lamport, and McCracken give insight on this subject in their review of a section of Edmund Burke Huey’s The Psychology and Pedagogy of Reading (1908). Huey’s “two assumptions were (1) that the meaning of a printed page was not exactly represented by its words and (2) that a good reader could get at the ideas without necessarily knowing or recognizing the words.”20 Huey says that it is all right if a “child substitutes words of his own for some that are on the page, provided that these express the meaning…. ”He stresses that we need to get away from the notion.
That to read is to say just what is on the page, instead of to think, each in his own way, the meaning that the page suggests.…It may even be necessary, if the reader is to really tell what the page suggests, to tell it in words that are somewhat variant; for reading is always of the nature of translation and, to be truthful, must be free…and until the insidious thought of reading as word-pronouncing is well worked out of our heads, it is well to place the emphasis strongly where it really belongs, on reading as thought-getting, independently of expression [i.e., the individual words].21
Huey’s theories are still influencing the whole-word advocates today. Professor Frank Smith, the “apostle of psycholinguistics,” is an example. He says that “meaning is not something that a reader or listener gets from language, but something that is brought to language…. When we identify meaning in text, it is not necessary to identify individual words.”22
Not all of the whole-word (gradual-phonics) advocates will think that the quotations from Huey and Smith describe what they are trying to do when teaching reading for meaning: they may believe they are teaching the students to get meaning from the page. But the whole-word method itself necessitates the situations that the two men describe. For example, when a child who does not know phonics comes to a word he has not learned, he is encouraged to try to guess from the context what the word may be. When he does this, it is said that he “brings meaning to the page.” If he comes reasonably close to the meaning, he is to be commended, even though he may not have chosen the exact word on the page. This business of guessing at what “the page suggests” is indeed just what Professor Kenneth Goodman, senior author of the Scott, Foresman readers, calls it: “a psycholinguistic guessing game.” Goodman is the one who, in an interview with the New York Times, said that if a student substituted the word pony for the word horse he should not be corrected. “The child clearly understands the meaning,” he said. “This is what reading is all about.”23 Obviously, then, whenever the initial emphasis is placed upon meaning instead of upon identifying the exact words that are on the page, a student is implicitly learning that individual words are not important.
Individual words may not be important to “progressive” educators (for whom excellence in education has never been a goal), but the emphasis upon individual words has always been of paramount importance to Christian educators, who believe in the verbal inspiration of the Scriptures and in quality education. Orthodox Christians believe that God gave every word of Scripture, not just the thoughts. David Chilton, writing for the Institute of Christian Economics, reminds us that
one major difference between orthodox Christianity and paganism is the fact that Christianity is a linguistic religion: it stresses doctrine, content, the importance of linguistic communication; in short, the primacy of the Word. The Bible is a revelation in words, and calls for an intelligible …response…. 24
Christians therefore who are training young people to respond to Jesus’ command to “live by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God” (Matt. 4:4) should reject a system of reading that trains students to guess at words and to be content with approximate meanings.
Mario Pei in The Story of Language makes an incisive observation that reveals one of the reasons the “progressive” educators detest phonics and “book learning.”
When a written form is achieved, the result is generally greater stability in the spoken tongue. Many languages of primitive groups are unwritten and consequently highly fluctuating, with many dialects, a rapid rate of change, and an undetermined standard form. Similar high variability in the spoken language is to be observed in tongues like Chinese, in which the written symbol for the thought rather than for the sound still persists. An ideographic system of writing places little restraint upon the spoken language. A phonetic system constricts the spoken tongue into a mold, forces the speakers, to a certain extent, to follow the traditional orthography, rather than their own whimsical bent, and gives the rise to “correct” and “incorrect” forms of speech which, were the spoken language unrestrained by a written form, would be equally “correct” variants…. 25 (Emphasis added.)
If one uses the whole-word method, which treats phonetic words as if they were ideographs, one can get away from stability, from standards, from restraint, from traditional pronunciation, from traditional spelling, and from correct and incorrect forms of speech. Such freedom is delightful to the “progressives,” but not to Christians who see the importance of standards in all areas of life and thus are striving for excellence in education.
Samuel L. Blumenfeld in his book NEA: Trojan Horse in American Education makes it very clear why the whole-word method is not suitable for use by anyone whose goal is excellence in education. He contends that the progressive educators, who “got rid of traditional phonics and replaced it with the whole-word, look-say methods and text-books,” did so knowing that the whole-word method would lower the literacy rate in America. They wanted the literacy rate lowered because they knew that low literacy would make it easier for them to reach their goal of making America into a socialist society.26 Blumenfeld traces this subversion back to John Dewey.
To Dewey, the greatest enemy of socialism was the private consciousness that seeks knowledge in order to exercise its own individual judgment…. High literacy gave the individual the means to seek knowledge independently. To Dewey it created and sustained the individual system which was detrimental to the social spirit needed to build a socialist society.…What better way to undermine this independent individualism than by denying it the necessary tool for its development: high literacy…. Thus the goal was to produce inferior readers with inferior intelligence dependent on a socialist elite for guidance, wisdom, and control.27
It should be evident now that if one wishes to teach his students that individual words are not important, that freedom from standards is desirable, and that low literacy is acceptable because it promotes the goals of socialism, he should use the whole-word (gradual-phonics) approach. But if one wishes to promote high literacy, excellence in education, and individual responsibility, he should use the intensive-phonics approach.
At this time, some educators are recognizing the failure of the whole-word method and are trying to switch to intensive-phonics programs, but it is estimated by Rudolph Flesch and others that approximately 85 percent of America’s schools are still using the whole-word (gradual-phonics) method, many of them mistakenly thinking that they are teaching phonics. Further progress may be made in the public schools, but those attempting to change reading methods will have to overcome the fierce resistance of the liberal educational establishment in order to do so.
The situation in Christian schools is much better. Excellent intensive-phonics programs are available, and most Christian schools across the country are using them. Unfortunately, a few Christian educators have accepted uncritically the abortive system put forward by progressive educators. The Christian must be wary of every theory that comes from humanistic thought and must not accept anything that is contrary to Scripture and the purposes of Christian education. He must remember that if the rudiments (first principles) are wrong the methods that take their rise therefrom must of necessity be suspect. Colossians 2:8 says to “beware lest any man spoil you through philosophy and vain deceit, after the tradition of men, after the rudiments of the world.”
Samuel Blumenfeld in The Victims of “Dick and Jane” makes a discerning comment concerning the reading programs in private schools.
Most private schools, particularly the religious ones, where Biblical literacy is central, teach reading via phonics. But since many private schools recruit their teachers from the same pool of poorly trained professionals and use many of the same textbooks and materials found in the public schools, their academic standards may reflect more of the general culture than one might expect…. The quality of a private school’s reading program therefore really depends on the knowledge its trustees and principal may have of the literacy problem and its causes. It is this knowledge that can make the difference between a mediocre school and a superior school.28
Considering Blumenfeld’s statement and the information presented in this article, a suggestion seems to be in order. Examine your present system of teaching reading. If it is a gradual phonics (whole-word, look-say, sight-reading, eclectic) approach, get rid of it and replace it with a program that teaches phonics intensively from the beginning of reading instruction. Remember, all the religious teaching in the world cannot make up for the damage done by the use of wrong methods.
How To Tutor Site:
These videos are a little difficult to hear, but excellent in content.
Video: History of the alphabet, Why children can’t read, whole language, dyslexia, look-say, and functional illiteracy. – part 1, part 2, part 3, part 4, part 5. Samuel Blumenfeld speaking at homeschool conference. Livonia (Detroit) Michigan Sept. 5, 1990 (total 5 parts 45 mins)
by Samuel Blumenfeld
Although the National Center for Education Statistics reported in 2003 that 43 percent of American adults are virtually illiterate, nobody seems to have noticed. I retrieved this information from the NCES’s website, not from the media, which ignores this problem. Otherwise I wouldn’t have known exactly how serious our illiteracy problem still is.
Indeed, I had been studying the problem since 1973 when I wrote The New Illiterates. But in the interim 39 years, the continued growth of American illiteracy has become a “factoid” that has no resonance anywhere, not among the cognitive elite (liberal or conservative), not among the political parties, not among the legislators who vote to spend billions more on education, and not among parents who send their children to schools that turn them into illiterates.
Back in the 1980s, when a group of American university students were invited to lecture in Moscow, a Russian student in the audience asked: “According to the U.S. News magazine, one-third of Americans are illiterate. How can this be in a nation as advanced as the United States?” The American students were nonplussed. They had no answer. It was an embarrassing moment. But their ignorance was a reflection of the ignorance of the American public in general.
In 1988, Arthur Sulzberger, publisher of the New York Times, told his fellow newspaper publishers that 60 million Americans, a third of the adult population, couldn’t read. This must have shocked them, but what did they do about it? They created the National Assessment of Adult Illiteracy, which keeps track of the problem but doesn’t solve it.
The latest statistics report that 14 percent (32 million) of U.S. adults can’t read. Twenty-one percent (48 million) read below a 5th grade level. Sixty-three percent of prison inmates can’t read. And with compulsory schooling in America, all of these illiterates and semi-illiterates spent years in American schools learning to read. So obviously, something is wrong with the way reading is taught in American schools.
How is it that America was once the most literate nation on Earth? The answer is simple: The method used in teaching reading was the phonics method. It was Noah Webster’s “blue-backed speller,” based on the phonetic method that made Americans the most literate people on Earth. Early Americans were determined to make sure that every child could read the Bible, and that is why children had to be taught.
Today many children not only can’t read the Bible, they can’t read a newspaper. They can’t read, period. How did this situation come about? It all started in 1898 when socialist John Dewey proclaimed that the traditional primary school subjects that emphasized literacy, spelling, and arithmetic for the development of independent thinking, must be replaced by a new curriculum that emphasized socialization and group think. He wrote:
It is one of the great mistakes of education to make reading and writing constitute the bulk of the school work the first two years. The true way is to teach them incidentally as the outgrowth of the social activities at this time. Thus language is not primarily the expression of thought, but the means of social communication…. If language is abstracted from social activity and made an end in itself, it will not give its whole value as a means of development…. It is not claimed that by the method suggested, the child will learn to read as much, nor perhaps as readily in a given period by the usual method. That he will make more rapid progress later when the true language interest develops … can be claimed with confidence.
This sales pitch also turned out to be baloney. The illiterate student doesn’t make rapid progress later. He becomes stuck in his illiteracy. Dewey also said that this transformation of the primary school must be done over a long period of time, lest there be a backlash by parents. He wrote, in The Primary School Fetich:
Change must come gradually. To force it unduly would compromise its final success by favoring a violent reaction.
It took about 30 years before they could begin putting the new curriculum in the public schools. But the negative effects of the new curriculum became apparent pretty soon. The educators blamed the increase in reading failure on the children, not the teaching method. In 1944, Life magazine could publish an article on dyslexia which, when read today, indicates the incredible lengths to which the educators had gone to find fault with the children who could not learn to read by the look-say method. The article states:
Millions of children in the U.S. suffer from dyslexia which is the medical term for reading difficulties. It is responsible for about 70% of the school failures in 6- to 12-year-age group, and handicaps about 15% of all grade-school children. Dyslexia may stem from a variety of physical ailments or combination of them — glandular imbalance, heart disease, eye or ear trouble — or from a deep-seated psychological disturbance that “blocks” a child’s ability to learn.
But it took Dr. Rudolf Flesch in his sensational book Why Johnny Can’t Read to finally explain to parents why their children were having such a hard time learning to read. He wrote:
The teaching of reading — all over the United States, in all the schools, and in all the textbooks — is totally wrong and flies in the face of all logic and common sense.
And then he explained how the alphabetic phonics method — the proper way to teach children to read — had been replaced by a look-say, whole-word method that was causing untold harm to the children. What was the reaction of the professors of education? They circled the wagons and created the International Reading Association which became the citadel of the whole-word method.
Today, the situation is far worse than it was in 1955. The socialist curriculum is so deeply entrenched in the education system, that there is no possibility that the illiteracy-producing machine can be stopped. Such reform efforts as Jeb Bush’s Foundation for Excellence in Education can’t even begin to address the issue of illiteracy. They espouse the thinking of all previous establishment reformers: set standards and spend more money.
The only way to eradicate illiteracy is to go directly to the people affected by the programs that create illiteracy. This means creating a massive campaign for universal literacy that can only be successfully undertaken by conservative leaders who sincerely believe in the cause. They must want to help those who have been academically damaged and handicapped by the schools. And they must embark on a program to teach these people to read.
This can be done. If Noah Webster could teach a whole nation to read with one little book — he was also helped by opportunist imitators — so today one little book can do the same thing: Alpha-Phonics, created by this author. Of course, there are other good phonics programs on the market. But none are as simple and easy to use. Alpha-Phonics can be used by any parent by simply following the easy-to-understand instructions. Thousands of homeschoolers have already used the program quite successfully. In other words, you don’t need a fancy degree in literary arts to become an expert teacher of reading.
In other words, we can eradicate illiteracy provided the will to do so is there among conservative volunteers who see this program as a means of saving lives.
You can imagine the kind of conflict that would erupt between Democrats and conservatives should the latter decide to embark on this campaign for universal literacy. Who can be against literacy? If Republican conservatives get behind this effort, they will be creating a new image for their party. The Republican Party abolished slavery. The Southern Democrats built their Jim Crow system to prevent African-Americans from advancing socially and economically. And today’s Democrats are behind a school curriculum that dumbs-down African-Americans as well as all other children. The Democrats have created the black underclass for their own political benefit.
The Republican Party, which freed the slaves, should begin to free the black underclass from its debilitating illiteracy. It can be done, and it should be done.
Exposing the Global Road to Ruin through Education
Samuel L. Blumenfeld
“Making Americans Illiterate: A Key Factor in the
Deliberate Dumbing Down of America”
What are children reading now? Is it true that there has been
a downward spiral in the reading abilities of our populace?
Has Reading Been Redefined? just may answer some of these
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A company called Unliec is suing Mojang over an alleged patent infringement in Minecraft for Android, and Notch (creator of Minecraft) isn’t very happy about it.
According to the BBC, the lawsuit comes from a Texas-based company called Unilec and it includes other companies like EA, Gameloft, and Square-Enix. The lawsuit claims the companies violated a patent that covers ways of authorizing players for mobile games. The patent involves checking if a user can play a game, and locking them out of the game is they aren’t authorized.
Unsurprisingly, Notch took to Twitter and Tumblr to voice his opinion on the lawsuit. The developer certainly isn’t a fan of software patents. In his blog post, Notch says “sharing ideas is how we improve.” He goes on to question why we protect the first person to think of something if others can come up with it easily?
On Twitter, Notch said he will “throw piles of money at making sure they don’t get a cent.” He doesn’t believe we should have software patents, and will do everything he can to prevent companies like Unilec from profiting off such patents.
To defend the company, Unilec founder Ric Richardson wrote a blog post saying he had nothing to do with the lawsuit. He does, however, defend software patents. He said “having a great technology without a patent is like having a Lamborghini and leaving the keys in it.”
Like most patent lawsuits, this one will likely take a long time to go anywhere, but it’s nice to see an independent game creator standing up for what he believes in. Even if that belief costs him piles of money.
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Type of Submission
AHFME Symposium Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine whether the expansion of the casino gaming industry has had an effect on the growth of individual companies within this segment of the hospitality industry. We examine ten individual state referendums and the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act of 1988. Six state referendums and the IGRA were passed. Four state referendums failed. Our sample consists of 24 publicly traded casino gaming firms. Daily stock price data were collected and examined to determine the effects of the successful and failed referendums. The results are mixed. On average, successful passage of state gaming referendums had a negative impact on the stock prices of casino and gaming firms. Over the V 1 1 u V seven-day period surrounding the referendum announcement, gaming stocks declined an average of two percent. ~ h e sree sults are driven largely by the referendums in Indiana and Iowa, which were preceded by large positive abnormal returns. Unsuccessful referendums exhibit no significant stock price reaction for the gaming stocks in the sample.
Atkinson, Stanley M.; Byrd, Anthony K.; and LeBruto, Stephen M.
"State Referendums on Casino Gaming: The Effects on the Valuation of Casino and Gaming Stock,"
Journal of Hospitality Financial Management: Vol. 7:
1, Article 14.
Available at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/jhfm/vol7/iss1/14
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The Price of Victory (Paperback)
The Red Army's Casualties in the Great Patriotic War
(click here for international delivery rates)
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The Red Army's casualties during the Second World War and the casualties sustained by the German army they fought are a key element in any assessment of the conflict on the Eastern Front. Since the war ended over seventy years ago, the statistics have been a source of bitter controversy, of claim and counter-claim, as each generation of historians has struggled to uncover the truth. This contentious issue is the subject of this absorbing book. The figures reveal much about the way the war was fought, and they demonstrate the enormous human price the Soviet Union paid for its victory. That is why the statistics have been so strongly contested. Distortion and falsification by official historians have obscured the facts because the issue has been so heavily politicized. Using recently declassified information from the Russian archives, the authors focus in forensic detail on the way the figures were recorded and compiled and seek to explain why, so many years after the war, the full truth about the subject is still far from our reach.
This work …will likely stand as the most accurate accounting until further former Soviet archival material become available.Journal of Slavic Military Studies
In-depth volume.STORIA militare, June 2018
This book is both the story of how historians have struggled to uncover the true casualties for the Soviet forces, and of the casualties themselves, using declassified documents from Russian archives not previously available in the West. The authors have provided a stark picture of war between the Germans and the Soviets, including some very interesting illustration – Much Recommended.Firetrench
Read the complete review here.
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The Sea Shepherds have fought tirelessly for whales, dolphins, tuna and seals. But we've also silently taken on the battle for sharks – an animal few believe is worth fighting for.
long-standing project in the Galapagos in partnership with the Ecuadorian government in which we have contributed more than one million Euros towards the acquisition of a patrol boat, the installation of vessel identification systems, training, enforcement, a team of fin-sniffing patrol dogs, and legal support for prosecution.Sea Shepherd has worked with many governments around the world to protect global shark populations from further decline. Most notably, we have a
Sea Shepherd has a strong legacy dealing with shark issues around the world as well, from putting pressure on Disney in Hong Kong to take Shark Fin Soup off its menu, to working with an advertising agency in Singapore to create pro-active advertising for couples planning their weddings, to removing thousands of miles of long lines. View more of our history...
Sea Shepherd has several direct action shark campaigns:
1) In the Galapagos, we are currently investing over 1 million euros to roll out a program that allows monitoring of even the remotest islands in the area with instant notification going to authorities when illegal fishing vessels enter the waters.
2) We are also continuing along our route of working closely with the public on education and awareness supporting the customs programs to ensure fins are not illegally smuggled out of the country.
3) Sea Shepherd empowers global protection of sharks through local action.
4) Sea Shepherd Conservation Society has been confiscating longlines since 1989. We have taken illegal lines as short as 0.5 km (0.3 miles) and as long as 100km (62 miles). Since over 50% of sharks are caught as bycatch – many of which on longlines – we are doing are part to save sharks.
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Viewpoints: Drugging Soldiers; GOP Opposition To Medicaid Expansion Strays From Party Legacy; Health Law Distorts Market
The New York Times: Wars On Drugs
Last year, more active-duty soldiers committed suicide than died in battle. ... Worse, according to data not reported on until now, the military evidently responded to stress that afflicts soldiers in Iraq and Afghanistan primarily by drugging soldiers on the front lines. ... The prescribing trends suggest that the military often uses medications in ways that are not approved by the Food and Drug Administration and do not comport with the usual psychiatric standards of practice (Richard A. Friedman, 4/6).
The New York Times: Insurance And Freedom
No, the real policy action at this point is in the states, where the question is, How many Americans will be denied essential health care in the name of freedom? I'm referring, of course, to the question of how many Republican governors will reject the Medicaid expansion that is a key part of Obamacare. What does that have to do with freedom? In reality, nothing. But when it comes to politics, it's a different story (Paul Krugman, 4/7).
Des Moines Register: GOP Goes Against Party's Medicaid Heritage
Republicans should be aware that their opposition to Medicaid expansion is at odds with their party’s proud heritage. So is the tendency to blindly follow the instructions of a party leader and cast votes in "blocks" rather than as individuals representing their constituencies. Washington lawmakers crossed party lines and worked together to create Medicaid in 1965. ... President Ronald Reagan signed legislation in 1986 allowing states to extend Medicaid coverage to pregnant women and young children in households having incomes up to 100 percent of the federal poverty level. That was only the beginning. Three more times he signed bills to expand coverage to more pregnant women and older children (4/7).
Bloomberg: How Obamacare Will Distort The Health-Care Market
President Barack Obama and his fellow Democrats sold many Americans on the Affordable Care Act largely by emphasizing two arguments: The law would help to reduce overall health-care costs, and it would provide health insurance to those who, for financial or health reasons, cannot get it now. Unfortunately, both of these arguments are flawed. The law creates market distortions that will significantly raise premiums and costs for many Americans -- including some middle-income families. And there are less costly, less distortionary and less intrusive ways to address the problem of the uninsured (Lanhee Chen, 4/7).
The Wall Street Journal: Reflections Of A Medical Ex-Practitioner
A fundamental principle in medicine is that if you get the diagnosis wrong, you'll probably apply the wrong therapy. A corollary is that if the therapy isn't working, increasing the dose may make things worse. That's where we are with ObamaCare. There are shortcomings aplenty in the health-care field, and changes and improvements are required. But never have I seen so many good intentions leading irreversibly to hell (Ed Marsh, 4/7).
Roll Call: Affordable Care Act Offers Opportunity To Combat Pain And Drug Abuse
There is a growing national debate about two important life and death issues: the abuse of powerful pain medications and the treatment of chronic pain. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has classified prescription drug abuse as a deadly epidemic and the White House Office on National Drug Policy has declared the crisis to be a top public health priority. ... To address these twin crises, it is critical that Congress fund programs within the Affordable Care Act that provide powerful opportunities to improve care of persons with pain and with substance abuse disorders (Seddon R. Savage, 4/5).
Boston Globe: Seeing Patients As More Than Their Conditions
Mr. S lay patiently in his hospital bed while several medical students took turns pressing their stethoscopes to his chest, hoping to hear his sometimes elusive heart murmur. The elderly gentleman had a long cardiac history; he had been admitted to the hospital with worsening shortness of breath several days earlier. His hospital stay had been complicated and he was quite sick. However, when I gently approached him about participating in a teaching exercise designed to help medical students improve their physical exam skills, he responded with a smile, "Anything to help the next generation" (Kiran Gupta, 4/8).
The Hill: A Way Out Of The Medicare Maze
Medicare and how we pay for it has been the most vexing issue to confront President Obama and Congress as they struggle (or in some cases saunter) toward trying to put our financial house in order. Social Security has only a few moving parts that need to be fixed to give it long-term effectiveness and affordability. But fixing Medicare so it is sustainable and does not bankrupt the country, yet still gives quality healthcare to our seniors, involves addressing a complex and constantly changing matrix (Judd Gregg, 4/8).
Bloomberg: Obama Should End Political Fight Over Morning-After Pill
If anything, age restrictions on the morning-after pill are a bigger problem than they would be for pain relievers. Many doctors have explained why. The pill is most effective if taken within 24 hours of unprotected sex; there often isn’t time for users to see a doctor before going to the pharmacy. Last November, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended that its members work around the age restriction by prescribing the drug to teens in advance. (The American Medical Association and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists also support making the morning-after pill available with no restrictions.) (4/5).
The Washington Post: Johns Hopkins's And Planned Parenthood's Troubling Extremism
We know Johns Hopkins University is devoted to diversity, because it says so. Its "Diversity and Inclusion Statement." ... Unless you are a member of Voice for Life (VFL), an antiabortion group. Hopkins’s Student Government Association has denied VFL status as a recognized student group. ... Hopkins's institutional intolerance would be boring were it simply redundant evidence of academia's commitment to diversity in everything but thought. It is, however, indicative of the increasingly extreme ambitions and tactics of those operating under the anodyne rubric of "choice" (George F. Will, 4/5).
Kansas City Star: Strong Hospitals Are Crucial To Healthy Communities
Hospitals are where people welcome new life and say final goodbyes. They are major employers, givers and receivers of charity and mainstays of communities. It's no wonder that emotions run high when change is in the works. In recent weeks, people have packed into hearings regarding three hospitals. In the case of two — Providence Medical Center in Kansas City, Kan., and St. John Hospital in Leavenworth — a formal process for sale appears to have led to a workable resolution (4/6).
Los Angeles Times: Judge Poised To Toss Ridiculous Prime Healthcare Lawsuit
U.S. District Judge Gonzalo Curiel of San Diego has signaled that he's prepared to dismiss a bizarre lawsuit filed by Prime Healthcare Services against the Kaiser Foundation Health Plan and the Service Employees International Union. In a tentative ruling handed down Thursday, Curiel said he found no merit in Prime's claim that Kaiser and the SEIU had conspired against the Ontario hospital company (Michael Hiltzik, 4/5).
Health Policy Solutions (a Colo. news service): Sending Health Care Leaders Back To School
Every single balancing act described above that lies at the heart of every discussion we have about paying for value in health care echoes the challenges of measuring school performance. What can we learn from the struggle to make Colorado’s schools more accountable that can inform our efforts to measure and reward quality in health care? (Edie Sonn, 4/5).
HealthyCal: Federal Health Reform Involves A Series Of Trade-Offs
California has led the nation in implementing President Obama's health reform law, and Californians are among its biggest supporters. Will that support be sustained as voters learn more about how the law will work? That's a tough question. But the answer may help determine the ultimate fate of the law as its still-vague promises become reality. If Californians turn against the Affordable Care Act, the rest of the nation, which is already more skeptical, will likely be in full revolt (Weintraub, 4/7).
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COVID-19 is just about the gravest global public health problems because the Spanish Flu of 1918. in conjunction with clinically authorized and repurposed backbone antivirals can synergistically inhibit this endonuclease possess demonstrated a glance into viral evasion systems that focus on central nodes from the hostCvirus interactome . Right here, a apparently hub-and-spoke style of the hostCvirus proteinCprotein interactome emerges where viruses across family members and strains ubiquitously focus on core host protein involved with multifunctional mobile pathways for maximal impact. That is of particular importance to smaller sized RNA infections (in comparison with DNA infections) with an increase of reliance on sponsor mobile machinery to partially compensate for his or her higher mutation price per strand copying . RNA infections such as for example SARS-CoV-2 depend on RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRps) for faithful transmitting of their genomes from sponsor to sponsor . Nevertheless, RdRps are recognized for their low fidelity of replication, leading to an elevated price of spontaneous mutations in RNA infections . As a result, nucleoside analogs have grown to be a backbone of contemporary antiviral therapy, exploiting foundation misincorporation into EPZ-6438 inhibition RNA viral genomes for his or her therapeutic impact. Ribavirin can be a nucleoside analog broad-spectrum antiviral agent (BSAA) with activity against a number of RNA and DNA viruses . It is among the longest position antiviral agents contained in the WHOs Model Set of Necessary Medications (21st list, 2019). These rather promiscuous antiviral properties of ribavirin have already been described by at least five systems; indirect systems, including inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibition impacting the cytoplasmic nucleotide pool and immunomodulatory properties, and immediate systems, including RNA capping disturbance, canonical RdRp inhibition and lethal RNA viral mutagenesis leading to mistake catastrophe [8,9]. Nevertheless, ribavirin hasn’t demonstrated a substantial clinical advantage during prior outbreaks of using SARS-CoV-1 provides an explanation what sort of coronavirus can get over lethal mutagenesis with an endowed exonuclease (ExoN) activity by RNA nucleotide mismatch modification . Albeit proof, such observations may describe the proven efficiency of the broad-spectrum EPZ-6438 inhibition nucleoside analog against hepatitis C pathogen without the exonuclease activity and insufficient efficiency against SARS or MERS in ownership of exonucleases. Nevertheless, it is probably important that people reassess to explore every other overlooked strategies that could potentiate the efficiency of the BSAA generally. Extrapolating from SARS-CoV-1 & MERS-CoV Fast sequencing efforts established that SARS-CoV-2 is certainly approximately 80% similar to SARS-CoV-1 at the complete genome level [19,20]. This similarity evidently reaches EIF4EBP1 the pathophysiological degree of viral replication routine to some extent, where SARS-CoV-2 stocks the same angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 mobile receptor for admittance and primes its spike (S) proteins using the transmembrane protease serine 2 [19,21C23]. The viral genome could be segmented into locations comprising nonstructural broadly, accessory and structural genes. Significantly, homology modeling of four crucial viral protein (papain-like protease, 3CL protease, helicase and RdRps) claim that energetic sites of the viral enzymes to become highly conserved over the three known individual coronaviruses (CoVs) with pandemic potential [24,25]. Therefore, it is an acceptable inference to extrapolate the EPZ-6438 inhibition pharmacology of antiviral agencies previously examined against SARS and MERS to rationalize healing choices for COVID-19. From the three viral gene locations, those encoding the 16 non-structural proteins (nsps) probably reign supreme in the hierarchy of important importance towards the viral lifestyle routine, because they function in the interphase between cellular leave and entry facilitating ongoing transmitting from the virus. Several nsps assemble right into a supercomplex referred to as the replicaseCtranscriptase complicated (RTC) with multienzymatic properties that’s crucial for replication and transcription of subgenomic RNAs . A lot more exclusive to CoVs will be the nsp15-NendoU and nsp14-ExoN ribonucleases (the previous specifically), which may be considered as hereditary markers from the purchase, distinguishing it from all the RNA infections [18,27]. The task of Ivanov in 2004 following SARS outbreak probably best exemplified the indispensability of nsp15 to a human CoV. A single-nucleotide mutation of abolished its endonucleolytic activity EPZ-6438 inhibition and viral RNA synthesis. This observation has been corroborated further where CoVs expressing mutant nsp15 forms resulted in early strong induction of interferon, apoptosis of macrophages and stimulated a protective immune response leading to significantly attenuated disease in murine models . Therefore, this endonuclease can be considered an Achilles heel-type weaknesses.
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The mystique of Twitter, Facebook and Google+ causes a momentary lapse of reason where businesses are surprisingly acting first and addressing “the why” at a later point in time, if at all. Without careful consideration and strategy, a great wave of stream fatigue, social blindness or far worse, customer unlikes and unfollows in will befall unsuspecting businesses en masse in social media. It will come down to a vital, but fixable disconnect. Businesses are interacting with consumers to socialize rather than learn about customer expectations to in turn, deliver tangible value, improve product experiences, and invest in long-term relationships.
While many brands are designing editorial and engagement programs to encourage consumers to “Like” and follow profiles, view videos, submit user generated content, consumers are simultaneously struggling to find signal against the noise, grappling with stream fatigue and sometimes an overwhelming sense of over connectedness.
The more discerning consumers are learning that tuning out is merely temporary relief for misdiagnosed symptoms and not a fix to their bigger problems. Once they realize that streams are programmable, that social content and relationships require thoughtful curation, and more importantly, recognize when inbound streams no longer offer usefulness, they’ll find that the only cure rests in unLikes and unFollows.
Consumers, like businesses, are learning how to navigate social streams as they go. As experience matures however, building relationships within social networks will become a quiet, but important art of curation. People will select and fine-tune the relationships they deem worthy to improve the content that flows through their streams. People, brands, products, and apps will come and go. This constant modification sets the stage for an important shift in the balance of power between brands and consumers. In social media, it’s less about caveat emptor and now about caveat venditor, let the seller beware.
This is more true than ever before, especially in light of Facebook’s chatty OpenGraph development platform. Mark Zuckerberg refers to the new movement as Frictionless Sharing. Others worry that it will spark frictionless frustration. As brands and developers experiment with sending automatic updates into the stream, friends and friends of friends will be subjected to a relentless series of action verbs in their News Feeds?
“Sarah Perez listened to Foster the People on Spotify”
“Robert Scoble read Whoops I didn’t mean for you to read this on Washtington Post Social Reader.”
The first reaction on the business side is unfortunately that of excitement. Strategists are huddling right now devising ways to send updates to trigger the social effect to expand adoption, reach, and Likes!
The first reaction on the consumer side is a mixture of concern and annoyance. People are genuinely worried that they’re going to either spam or be spammed and of course the temporary debate about privacy emerges once again.
Don’t get me wrong. It’s a bold move by Facebook and executed properly, it will increase interaction around common interests and ignite peer-to-peer commerce simply by sharing or reacting to activities. The first update to many of these Frictionless Sharing apps will be that of a mute button until developers and consumers can find the balance of what’s worthy of sharing and consuming.
Even before the OpenGraph, stream fatigue was already endemic among friends and also their favorite businesses. A friend of mine conducted an interesting social experiment earlier in the year. What Andrew Blakeley wound up uncovering were signs that brands are in fact not considering consumer experiences outside of direct brand engagement. Blakeley assumed the role of a consumer and set out to Like every brand that presented an opportunity to connect on Facebook. Ranging from email requests and web sties to TV and print advertising and real world shopping, Blakeley Liked a total of 46 brands in one week.
Out of the gate, Blakeley observed that only 10 out of the 46 brands offered a reason why consumers should Like them. Once liked, the experience only degraded. Aside from an occasional contest, he felt largely unrewarded. Most notably, he learned that the online experience for consumers was undefined or uncharted, leaving consumers to fend for themselves to find relevance within the engagement without any reinforcement to brand value or story.
Andrew summed up his experience quite humbly, “My week as a social consumer left me tired and confused. It left my Facebook newsfeed so crammed with nonsense to the point that I could scroll entire pages without seeing my friends.”
Andrew experienced stream fatigue first hand and the inability to keep up with the information that populates one’s social stream.
While brands are learning in public, it’s important to realize that earning a Like is far simpler than re-earning a Like once it’s lost. Similar to traditional online advertising, consumers can ignore marketing messages once in the stream. They can merely become immune to updates or worse, they will resort to unLiking and unfriending anyone who is taking away from the social experience.
In a study published by Exact Target in June 2011, the meanings of Fan and Like in Facebook were scrutinized. The company found that while businesses believed that consumers Like brand pages were truly fans of the company, only 42% of consumers agreed that marketers could interpret a Like as such. In fact, 33% are indecisive and 25% disagree that Likes mean that they are fans or advocates of the brand.
May I Have Your Intention Please?
With each day that passes, the social-savvy consumer will start asking brands for their intentions as requests for their allegiance escalates. Accordingly brands will have to give reasons upfront for why consumers should Like or follow them into social frontiers. Customers will want to know what’s in it for them before they open up their stream beyond family and friends. For brands, engagement comes down to understanding how to best deliver value to consumers in social networks.
The reality is that customers can and will cut ties with brands that do not take their best interests into account. Consumers are realizing that they have the power to reduce or eliminate stream fatigue by tailoring the relationships they maintain in each network. This is a new kind of power because in the past, they couldn’t manage/curate these brand relationships in the media they consumed.
Every business will eventually realize that the hype driving today’s social media is only momentary. It’s not a miracle drug that cures the ails of faceless broadcast marketing. Customers are already demanding a more useful and beneficial approach to engagement. The question is, can you deliver it in and around of your strategic campaigns?
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The emotional and intellectual wallop one feels reading Mira Jacob’s Good Talk might be partly due to its unique form. It’s an illustrated series of real-life conversations the East-Indian-born, American-raised author has had with her mixed-race son, spurred by questions like “Can Indians be racist?” and “Was Michael Jackson brown or was he white? Are you going to turn white?” Jacob dives headfirst into life as a brown person in Trump’s America, while interrogating her memories as a teenager in New Mexico, as a young woman in post-9/11 New York, and, finally, as a writer.
In truth, Good Talk’s graphic elements have little to do with its achievement, which is substantial. Rather, it’s Mira Jacob’s talent and generosity, her rage and her intellect. The book’s conversations are the same ones thousands of us are having with our relatives, with our children, with our in-laws. In a sense these conversations are unfinished: upon closing the book you’ll want to give it to a friend so that you might continue the dialogue.
Mira Jacob is also the author of the novel The Sleepwalker’s Guide to Dancing, and she is often writing for Electric Literature and Tin House when not giving superb advice to other writers and artists. I was fortunate to speak by phone with her the week before Good Talk’s publication.
The Rumpus: Where did the project originate? With the BuzzFeed article?
Mira Jacob: I had the idea of drawing conversations years before. Then, my son Z was six and became obsessed with Michael Jackson and had all these questions about his own skin color, it seemed like the only way to handle it, creatively. Some of the questions—Did he lose his other glove?—were funny Some of them—Are White people afraid of Brown people?—were devastating.
I realized I had to deal with it somehow. I started writing an essay, and the essay was horrible. I just knew people wouldn’t believe it. They wouldn’t believe me, they wouldn’t believe his questions, they wouldn’t believe how mundane and horrific things could be at the same time. This was 2015 in America, and we were ramping up to this really scary time, when people just don’t believe anything about each other anymore, and no amount of racial pain was valid, you know, you’re just being a snowflake, blah blah blah—and I didn’t want that pointed at him.
So I drew us on printer paper, cut us out, put us on top of the Michael Jackson album, and wrote the conversation in dialogue bubbles. That was the piece for BuzzFeed. As I was doing that one, I kept thinking of all the other conversations I’d had over my life that had been formative and weird and funny. By the time the piece came out I had a good idea of the book I was going to write.
And Ryan, that book was going to be hilarious, okay? HILARIOUS.
Then the 2016 election happened.
I remember meeting with my editor, the first editor of the book, and we were both wrecked. The only thing I could figure out to do was to just keep going. I told him, I’m just going to tell the fucking truth about this moment and I don’t fucking care who it hurts anymore. I don’t care about protecting their egos more than I care about all the lives they are ripping apart. Enough.
Rumpus: I could identify with the anger and despair you feel when talking Trump with conservative relatives. I didn’t realize I needed to see that in literature until I read those pages. You’re going to get a lot of similar replies from readers.
Jacob: It’s funny, because while I appreciate that, I also had to distance myself from what anyone else was going to think about what I wrote. The first book you write is in such a bubble, you know? But with this second, I could just feel the weight of other people’s expectations, their needs. They want a triumphant ending, or they want solutions, or they want really hard-hitting anger in the end.
I rewrote the ending a good ten to fifteen times to satisfy all of those desires. Then I thought, get a hold of yourself. You’re writing this to your son. This is for him. Forget everybody else. Just write the thing you need to tell your boy.
Rumpus: Because its visual nature, you were able to share more of the work-in-progress on social media. Did it feel like you were writing it in public? Which is another way of asking how you felt switching to graphic memoir after working in prose fiction—after working on Sleepwalker’s Guide to Dancing for ten years.
Jacob: It’s a really interesting question. I wrote Sleepwalker’s in total anonymity, from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m., as a working woman and then as a working mother. I wrote it through my dad’s death, through my child’s birth. There were just a lot of things going on in my life. That book was the thing I would return to every night, by myself.
This time, I would have people in the publishing industry say to me, “I know what you’re working on; I look forward to reading it.” As a person who came from complete obscurity, and only published in my forties after I thought the dream was over, I was cheered by that. But it also made me incredibly nervous.
I was doing something I’d never done before. I didn’t know how to draw particularly well at that point. I was staying up really late at night just figuring out how to use the software. So when I ran into publishing people I was thinking: “Oh, you think I’m doing this thing! And perhaps even doing it well! In reality I’m crashing on my face night after night after night.”
It was also scary putting the pieces out: people could see what I was working on. And it was about my actual life.
Rumpus: Some memoirists allow relatives or friends to read the manuscript and remove things they find objectionable or too private. And with a graphic memoir, it’s a different kind of intimacy. We see your husband, your son.
Jacob: My husband is a documentary filmmaker, so we’ve always been very creatively tight. He always shows me his rough cuts; I always show him my rough drafts. We care intensely about what the other person thinks. Too much, sometimes. And we workshop each other in a way that is weirdly rigorous for two people who need to stay vulnerable enough to stay married.
In the course of writing the book, we would get into it. I’d say, “I am writing some things that are hard to write, and they are going to be hard for our family to read.” And sometimes it would upset him because duh. We love our family. We love each other. It was a hard place to be in. But he always came back to me saying, “You just have to write it. You can’t censor yourself because it’s going to hurt other people’s feelings. You just have to write it as fully as you want to, then you can figure out what you want to edit out.”
So I did that. I’m not going to say it was easy—I didn’t sleep for a few years. But it also felt like the best way to move forward.
Rumpus: The book incorporates photography and outside texts in a way not often seen in graphic memoirs. It’s open to the material of the world.
Jacob: I wanted it to feel like it was done with urgency because it was. That meant I had to simplify things in ways that other graphic books don’t often do. I had a series of rules. Early on I decided my characters could never show emotions. I would never draw them laughing, crying, getting angry. I thought with showing emotions, if I do that, then the reader waits for that, you know? And then the character has to carry the emotion as opposed to the reader carrying it. And I want readers to know what that feels like because that is what my body feels like every day. That level of disconnect is what it feels like to walk through an America where these things are happening, and people are not reacting, or tell themselves it’s not happening. It’s crazy and crazy-making.
There were other things I had, little things like: you may never write how you feel. You can only write the action and the dialogue. I ended up breaking that rule after the initial draft. But these rules were there to prevent me from emotionally exhausting myself.
Rumpus: Assembling this book seemed more like the work of a film director than the one-person team of the prose novelist. A full-on production. There’s a lot of risk there. One doesn’t know if it works until fairly late in the process.
Jacob: You’re right, I didn’t know if it was going to work. But also, I didn’t let myself worry about it too much. I’m serious. I was having so much fun making it. I’m a person who likes to use my hands to make things, to cook and draw and sculpt and touch the people I love, so there was a sense of, “This is all mine and I’m gonna make it like no one else can.” There was a kind of recklessness to it.
Rumpus: I’m thinking about your BuzzFeed essay on the state of diversity in the publishing industry. Have you seen any progress, however small? Your imprint could be seen as a step in the right direction.
Jacob: I’m not exaggerating when I tell you that I feel this sizable relief that the One World imprint even exists. I basically have Ruth Bader Ginsburg feelings for each of the editors there: “Oh my god, don’t let anything happen to Chris [Jackson] or Victory [Matsui] or Nicole [Counts]!” They are each doing an inordinate amount of work with all of our dreams on their shoulders.
And yes, there other editors ushering in diversity with the unique advantage of having grappled with their own, but not nearly enough. We need more—that’s the obvious part. And to this mythology that suddenly all the doors are swinging open for diverse writers, I’ve just got to call bullshit. I’ve had extremely accomplished friends this year who wrote phenomenal, brilliant work, and then had it pulled because white editors couldn’t stomach what they’d written. I’ve had friends get their manuscripts rejected because there were no white characters in them, and white editors couldn’t figure out what people would relate to. Still. Yes. Often. And I know if it’s happening at my level, then below me is a vast sea of What The Fuck.
Also, and this is important, I almost didn’t get to One World at all. It only happened because my book was orphaned, and in a panic, I reached out to Alex Chee. He asked what my biggest fear, and because it was him and I knew I could be honest, I said I wasn’t sure white editors knew how to edit a book like this. They don’t live inside this world, which makes it complicated in this moment. It used to mean that they would demand I made nuanced things obvious, but in this case, I was more scared that they wouldn’t hit me hard enough, punch out the weak parts, challenge me in the way the work needed to be challenged (as opposed to the way work is challenged when it affronts the readers ego).
Alex said, “You know you’re allowed to request an editor of color.” I was like, Whaaaat? [Laughter] I said to Alex, “What if I know the editor I want?” And he said, “You’re allowed to ask for that editor.”
So I did. And Random House heard me out, and Chris took me on, which again, is the blessing of all blessings. But it never would have happened if I hadn’t had a crucial conversation with another writer of color who empowered me at the exact right moment.
And look, I’m not overstating things at all to say it was the greatest joy of my working life to finally duke things out with editors who got this part of me. They asked the hard questions. The first round of edits were brutal. I spent a lot of time going on long runs and punching things and cursing them and getting back into it. But also, feeling really fucking lucky, because I had never in my life felt so held by an editing process. I’m forty-six years old. I’ve been writing professionally for over twenty-five years. And sometimes, I can’t help but think, what if I had had this editing experience earlier? Who would I have been by now? Don’t get me wrong, I’m thankful for now. But I also just want to get a shit ton of us on the ground, so that all those people coming up have this. Because this feels amazing.
Rumpus: Last question. If we fast forward twenty, thirty years, what questions do you think your son’s children will ask him?
Jacob: In my optimistic place I would want them to be asking, “How did we get out of that situation? How did we recover the country? What changed for you? How did you grow?”
That’s what I hope they ask.
My fear is that they’ll ask, “What was it like to be part of the country once known as the United States?”
Photograph of Mira Jacob © Beowulf Sheehan.
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The goal of the JAXB project is to develop and evolve the code base for the Reference Implementation (RI) of JAXB, the Java Architecture for XML Binding. The JAXB specification is developed through the Java Community Process following the process described at jcp.org. This process involves an Expert Group with a lead that is responsible for delivering the specification, a reference implementation (RI) and a Technology Compatibility Kit (TCK). The primary goal of an RI is to support the development of the specification and to validate it. Specific RIs can have additional goals; the JAXB RI is a production-quality implementation that is used directly in a number of products by Oracle and other vendors.
The JAXB expert group has wide industry participation with Oracle as the EG lead. The initial specification (JAXB 1.0) was JSR-31 and was released in March 2003.
The next versions of the spec (JAXB 2.0/2.1/2.2) are being developed as JSR-222. This release addresses a number of additional requirements in the area, and increases the synergy between the JAXB and JAX-WS specifications.
- License: CDDL v1.1 and GPL v2.
- Status: Production Quality
- Governance: Same as Project GlassFish
- Standards Supported:
- JAXB 2.0/2.1/2.2
- W3C XML Schema
- XML DTD
Extensions / Tools
- Hyperjaxb3 - relational persistence for JAXB objects with JPA (Hibernate, TopLink etc.)
- XJC plugins - various enhancements to XJC developed by the community
- Maven JAXB2 Plugin - actual Maven plugin for JAXB2
- JAXB2 reflection library
- JAXB Introductions - put JAXB annotations on 3rd party classes
- Annox - allows defining JAXB annotations in XML resources
- JAXB Workshop, Eclipse Plugins
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Small Talk is a full-service speech and language center, and is widely recognized for our work with preschool and school-aged children and their families. We have a conveniently located office in Greene County, Virginia, and we also offer home, school and daycare location sessions for the convenience of our clients.
At Small Talk, we teach effective communication skills for children, adults and families. Recognizing and prioritizing each person's unique learning style, we provide individual, client-specific goals in a friendly, fun environment. Our inspirational, supportive approach to individual learning ensures that mastering new skills is stimulating
Who We Are
Since 1998, Speech Language Pathologist Melanie Canada has helped children and adults with various needs in public schools, vocational high schools, private practice and early-intervention settings, medical facilities, as well as outpatient therapy centers.
Most recently, Melanie worked for nearly 10 years with preschool students at the Greene County Primary School, along with students in the classroom with Autism Spectrum Disorder at Ruckersville Elementary School in Greene County, Virginia. An active Greene County resident, wife, and mother of four, Melanie is licensed and certified:
• American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA)certification.
• Virginia Department of Health Professions in Speech Language Pathology license.
• Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services license.
• University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland; Bachelor of Science degree in Hearing and Speech Sciences; graduated with honors.
• Gallaudet University, Washington, DC; Master of Science degree in Speech Language Pathology; received Graduate Writing and Research Reward.
Speech Language Pathology
"Melanie is caring, nurturing and enthusiastic when working with children. She has the instinctive knowledge and ability to meet each child at his/her individual level. My students always looked forward to their sessions with Miss Melanie!"
Rachel Silman, Teacher, Special Education - Autism
Here are some helpful links to parent resources:
- American Speech and Hearing Association
- Greenspan's Floortime
- Apraxia Kids Home Page
- Mommy Speech Therapy
- Cure autism now
- Families for Early Autism Treatment
- National Stuttering Association
- Speech and Language Milestone Chart
- Specific, age-appropriate ideas for stimulating your child's language development
Small Talk Speech and Therapy Center, LLC
69 Deane Road
Ruckersville, VA 22968
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You have a class of talkers: they sit in small groups and will chat about anything and frequently about nothing, their speech filled with “like” and “you know,” devoid of any apparent meaning. But give them a legitimate course-related topic to discuss, such as the national election, and they clam up.
When asked why, they claim either they don’t want to talk about it or they don’t know what to say—and they probably are telling the truth in that, not just avoiding the task. So how do you address this, your class who has nothing to say or a way to say it?
Begin by examining the two claims:
Students Don’t Want to Talk about It
Why would students not want to talk about the assigned topic when they spend all day, it seems, talking to their peers anyway? It may simply be because it is an assigned topic, and as such it takes away student motivation to begin with. Or the topic itself might be too difficult, too boring, or too abstract for the students to address. All these factors can and should be addressed in designing discussion topics.
Students Don’t Know What to Say
Another problem is students don’t know what to say on the topic. The reasons for this may be that the students don’t understand the topic, don’t have the knowledge base to discuss the topic even if they understand it, or don’t have the language to discuss the topic—perhaps a little of all three. For example, I generally understand the idea of stem cell research, enough to hold a position on it, but I really lack the knowledge or vocabulary base to get into an extended conversation on the topic without some prior preparation. It is the same for most of our students.
Methods to Address the Reluctant Discussion Participant
“Selling” Students on the Importance of Expressing Oneself
Besides the students who are just unsure of their ability to discuss ideas—and these include native speakers of English—are those students who just don’t see the value of it: they view talk and discussion as a waste of time or somehow “uncool.” Therefore teachers should demonstrate the value of being articulate—that if you present your ideas in just the right way, you can open doors: convince others to fund your business, marry you, be your friend, allow you into a prestigious college, and so forth. It’s really the articulate people who are actually “cool” and get rewards, not the silent and superficially “cool.”
Student Generated Topics
One way to really raise student enthusiasm for discussion is to allow students to generate their own topics, with some parameters. So if your recent class reading has been on the topic of the ethics of scientific research, for example, let students design their own discussion questions on the topic: for example, the ethics of spending resources on space exploration when there are so many immediate problems to address on this planet might be a question that comes up. Teachers may offer guidance in design of the questions, but generally students are happy to design their own.
Student Generated Groups
One main reason that students don’t want to work in groups is that they get “stuck” working with people they don’t like or get along with. True, a good argument here is that part of adult life is learning to work with people we don’t particularly like. However, student enthusiasm for discussion is raised by occasionally allowing students some input into choosing their groups—once a week, for example. And if they’re trained to choose groups quickly and respectfully, then a lot of the difficulty in the logistics of groups is reduced. Finally a lot of the poor dynamics that can sometimes develop with groups is eliminated because students have chosen the peers they want to work with.
Tools for Discussion: Advancing an Opinion, Listening to Others, Politely Disagreeing
Another reason students don’t like discussion is they don’t have the tools for it: they don’t know how to advance an opinion, for example, so they never really get a chance to speak, or they experience rudeness such as other students not listening or disagreeing in a belligerent manner. If students are taught in advance some of the skills of active listening, how to politely break into a conversation and give an opinion as well as how to disagree with another’s viewpoint and still remain courteous, then a lot of the anxiety of group discussion is removed.
Preparation for Academic Discussion
Once students have some mastery in discussing the topics they have generated, it’s time to move on to academic discussion, a little different in the topics are not student generated, at least at the beginning, and they are not on everyday topics, such as how to manage a busy schedule and get enough sleep, but rather about academic topics such as capital punishment, stem cell research, gun control, and the like. These topics require a certain knowledge base as well as specific vocabulary. Therefore some preparation is needed beforehand, such as lecture and reading, before students will be able to discuss the topic. As their knowledge of the topic grows and they develop an opinion on it, students become more enthused about discussing it.
As the semester progresses, students become more aware of other issues to discuss and will suggest these topics to their groups.
Motivating students to have a reasonably intelligent discussion, especially in our era of “like” and “you know,” can be difficult.
However, through strategies such as student–generated topics and groups and teaching students the tools of academic discussion, teachers can turn our “cool” silent types into articulate speakers.
What are some methods you use to create academic discussions in the class?
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Alternative Titles: Lagopus mutus, rock ptarmigan
Learn about this topic in these articles:
The common ptarmigan ( L. mutus) ranges in the British Isles, Europe, and North America, where it is called rock ptarmigan. Also distributed circumpolarly is the willow ptarmigan, or willow grouse ( L. lagopus), a more northerly bird of lowlands. On Rocky Mountain tundra south to New Mexico is the white-tailed ptarmigan.
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Cannabidiol (CBD) oil is a well-liked product that has garnered rising attention over the previous few years. Since these nanoparticles are a lot smaller than typical CBD particles, some folks consider that the body absorbs them easier, resulting in a faster and more comprehensive effect. Nevertheless, opposing views state that there isn’t a research to validate these claims, and some water soluble cbd believe nano CBD may very well be less effective. Because of this, we lean more towards CBD powders when choosing a water soluble option-though we have included both product styles, under, to meet the necessity of CBD customers who prefer a tincture possibility.
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Uncomplicated Cbd Isolate Water Soluble Plans – An Analysis
Locating Trouble-Free Solutions For Best Water Soluble Cbd Oil
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A Guide To Swift Systems In Cbd Isolate Water Soluble
Here at Big Sky Botanicals, we offer each water-soluble softgels and tinctures designed to be swallowed. These products comprise our THC-free broad-spectrum extract and we now have purchasers who enjoy both products equally. Let us know within the feedback which sort of product you prefer and why. That said, it water soluble cbd oil is believed that the most effective water-soluble CBD oil is far easier to ingest and soak up, when compared to the standard, fat-soluble oils. Additionally, the consumer ought to be capable to feel the consequences faster, though there’s little hypothesis about those effects lasting longer.
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Throwing related Shoulder pain in Sports men.After the just concluded cricket Test series between India and England one saw the shoulder injury of Sachin Tendulkar surface. He has rushed off to England and has undergone arthroscopic shoulder surgery. He will be out of the game for eight weeks and only return for the West Indies tour later this summer.
One can also remember that Anil Kumble, Rahul Dravid, & Srinath have suffered shoulder injuries in the past and returned to the game after successful treatment. Shoulder injuries can plague the career of cricketers and if not treated can cut short their lucrative careers. Cricketers are at risk as Cricket is a throwing game where one chucks the ball either as a bowler or a fielder. In this article, I will throw some light on throwing injuries.Two problems can affect the shoulder in sportsmen who perform repeated acts of raising the arm overhead and swinging it in the course of a throw. These are called impingement and instability.
The shoulder joint is formed by the union of the round upper end of the humerus at the socket part by the scapula. It is a very mobile joint as the socket is shallow. Connective tissue restraints chiefly in the front confer additional stability. When the capsule or its attachments are injured instability results. In instability when the soft tissue restraints are loose the ball of the humerus can slide to the front, down wards or to the back in an abnormal fashion.Impingement results from the abnormal upward gliding movement of the humerus and rubbing on the undersurface of the Acromion.
This initiates or aggravates the damage to the rotator cuff. The rotator cuff is a group of tendons which act to actively stabilize the shoulder when the arm is lifted up.Both conditions can cause pain and result in confusion to the patient and his doctor.Slow motion analysis of the throw- Each sport has its own basic pattern, different sports have much in common. The performance of overhead sporting activities begins with a preparatory phase to position the arm.
Subsequently the arm is cocked to provide a tense, highly forceful unit ready for an accelerated release. The arm accelerates through the throw and after release of the ball, muscles act to decelerate the limb, to reduce the residual force and to avoid injury. The throw in a typical baseball pitch is divided into five stages.
1) Stage 1- Wind up or preparation phase, which ends when the ball leaves the gloved hand. In cricket the equivalent is the transfer of the ball from the non dominant to the throwing arm.
2) Stage 2 or early cocking- when the shoulder is lifted sideways (abducted) and rotated outwards and ends with the forward foot contacting the ground.
3) Stage 3, late cocking phase ? This continues until maximum external rotation at the shoulder is obtained.
4) Stage 4-The acceleration phase that starts with internal rotation of the humerus and ends with ball release from the throwing hand.
5) Stage 5- Follow through phase that starts with ball release and that ends when all movement is complete.
This slow motion analysis is necessary to pinpoint the exact phase at which the subject experiences pain. Electromyography studies have demonstrated that in each of these phases there is selective muscle action. Athletes can have selective weakness of muscles, rather than generalized muscle impairment. A rehabilitation programme should concentrate on developing the weaker muscles.
I take a detailed history to recall the exact moment when pain is felt. After a thorough clinical examination, I can conclude often which muscle or tendon is injured or weak and what needs to be done. A clear distinction has to be made between instability and impingement, although both may co exist and one may lead to the other. MRI scans may confirm the clinical finding. An examination under anesthesia plus a shoulder arthroscopy may confirm the diagnosis.
Shoulder arthroscopy permits the surgeon to visualize the damage inside the shoulder joint and remedy it either arthroscopically or by open methods.Strengthening of the selected muscles after surgery may make a difference to the faster rehabilitation.The author is an Orthopedic shoulder surgeon in Chennai at the Knee and Shoulder clinic and can be contacted on mobile 00 91 9282165002. His website www.
shoulderindia.com provides more information on other shoulder injuries in sportspersons..Dr.A.K.
Venkatachalam, MS, DNB, FRCS (UK), MCh. (Liverpool)has worked with leading Shoulder surgeons in the UK, Belgium and Dubai earlier. He performs He is affiliated to Venkataeswara, and Chettinad hospitals.Recovery from shoulder surgery is no longer a painful ordeal as expert anesthetists provide effective anesthesia and regional blocks for pain relief to as an outpatient.
Surgery can be done as an Outpatient.Well qualified physiotherapists guide and help you recover quickly from surgery.Our track record
Shoulder surgery has been performed for mountaineers and Para gliding experts from the USA and UK. A Cricketer from West Bengal also underwent Shoulder stabilisation last year.
By: Alampallam Venkatachalam
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Last week, we explored the flow of the liturgical seasons Advent-Christmas and Lent-Easter. In between these seasons are 33 to 34 weeks that make up Ordinary Time. Ordinary Time is not a liturgical season like the others, because it doesn’t have its own distinctive character.
In Ordinary Time, we mark time between the seasons. That’s why it’s called “ordinary,” as in “ordinal,” meaning numbered or ordered. Ordinary Time invites us to go deeper into Christ’s paschal mystery by encountering the extraordinary presence of God in the everyday events of Christian life.Winter Ordinary Time is a good opportunity to reinforce or introduce some of the songs and psalms that you will use during Lent and Easter. Summer Ordinary Time works well for teaching new music. Click To Tweet
Ordinary Time is divided into two periods: one between the feast of the Baptism of the Lord and Ash Wednesday (often called winter Ordinary Time in the northern hemisphere) and one long stretch in summer between Pentecost and the First Sunday of Advent. Winter Ordinary Time is a good opportunity to reinforce or introduce some of the songs and psalms that you will use during Lent and Easter. Summer Ordinary Time works well for teaching new music.
Solemnities of the Lord, of Mary and the saints, and of your local regions and communities and the feasts of the Lord take precedence over Ordinary Time Sundays. For example, this year, the readings and prayers for the Presentation of the Lord (February 2) are used instead of the Fourth Sunday in Ordinary Time. So don’t get caught off guard next week!
This post was first published in “GIA Quarterly: A Liturgical Music Journal.”
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This is one of my all-time favorite books. It was the first book I ever read concerning the experiences of a mixed race person, and what inspired me to seek out further mixed race literature. The corners of the pages of my copy are soft and frayed; the cover, bent and scratched, the spine, long ago cracked.
An Official Synopsis from Amazon:
The Color of Water tells the remarkable story of Ruth McBride Jordan, the two good men she married, and the 12 good children she raised. Jordan, born Rachel Shilsky, a Polish Jew, immigrated to America soon after birth; as an adult she moved to New York City, leaving her family and faith behind in Virginia. Jordan met and married a black man, making her isolation even more profound. The book is a success story, a testament to one woman’s true heart, solid values, and indomitable will. Ruth Jordan battled not only racism but also poverty to raise her children and, despite being sorely tested, never wavered. In telling her story–along with her son’s–The Color of Water addresses racial identity with compassion, insight, and realism.
- “When I asked [my mother] where she was from , she would say, ‘God made me,’ and change the subject. When I asked her if she was white, she’d say, ‘No, I’m light-skinned,” and change the subject again.” (21).
- “There was a part of me that feared Black Power very deeply for the obvious reason. I thought black power would be the end of my mother. …It frightened the shit outta me, I thought to myself, these people will kill mommy. Mommy, on the other hand, seemed unconcerned.” (27).
- “[Mommy] viewed the civil rights achievements of African Americans with pride, as if they were her own. And she herself occasionally talked about ‘the white man’ in third person as if she had nothing to do with him, and in fact she didn’t, since most of her friends were black women from church” (32).
- “I had what black folks called ‘good hair’ because it was curly as opposed to nappy. I was light-skinned or brown-skinned, and girls thought I was cute despite my shyness. Yet I myself had no idea who I was” (91).
- ” ‘Am I black or white?’ ‘You’re a human being,’ she snapped. ‘Educate yourself or you’ll be a nobody!’ ‘Will I be a black nobody or a white nobody?’ ‘If you’re a nobody,’ she said dryly, ‘it doesn’t matter what color you are’ ” (92).
- “The question of race was like the power of the moon in my house. It’s what made the river flow…but it was a silent power, intractable, indomitable, indisputable, and this, completely ignorable” (94).
- “They were all trying to be American, you know, not knowing what to keep or leave behind. But you know what happens when you do that. If throw water on the floor, it will always find a hole, believe me” (135).
Here’s a video of him speaking at the 2008 National Book Festival, speaking about Obama, his other book (Miracle at St. Anna), and his journey:
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A new Israeli report on the 2008-2009 war in the Gaza Strip says that the Israel Defense Forces is taking steps to reduce the number of civilian casualties in future wars and will restrict the use of white phosphorous.
The 37-page report, which was posted on the Foreign Ministry's website, was delivered to the office of United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on Monday in compliance with a General Assembly resolution, UN officials said.
"The IDF has ... implemented operational changes in its orders and combat doctrine designed to further minimize civilian casualties and damage to civilian property in the future," the report said.
"In particular, the IDF has adopted important new procedures designed to enhance the protection of civilians in urban warfare, for instance by further emphasizing that the protection of civilians is an integral part of an IDF commander's mission," it said.
Among those measures will be the inclusion of a humanitarian affairs officer in each combat unit.
About 1,400 Palestinians, including hundreds of civilians, and 13 Israelis were killed in Israel's December 2008-January 2009 offensive in the Hamas-ruled Gaza Strip that was aimed at ending cross-border rocket fire from Palestinian militants.
A UN report by a team headed by South African jurist Richard Goldstone was issued in September and found that both the Israeli army and the militant Islamist group Hamas, which controls Gaza, were guilty of war crimes in the conflict but focused more on Israel.
Israel, which refused to cooperate with Goldstone, has condemned his report as distorted and biased and rejected the war crimes allegations. Hamas denied its fighters committed war crimes but has said it regrets Israeli civilian deaths
The report also said Israel has launched some 47 criminal investigations into alleged misconduct by its soldiers in the Gaza war, 11 more than in January.
A November 2009 resolution of the 192-nation General Assembly demanded that the Israelis and Palestinians credibly investigate allegations of war crimes during the conflict.
The Palestinian Authority's UN delegation also submitted a progress report to Ban's office, but it was not immediately available. The West Bank-based Palestinian Authority has no influence over Gaza and is unable to investigate Hamas.
Israel said in the report it was planning to impose restrictions on using white phosphorous weapons, smoke-screening munitions that can cause serious burns.
In response to criticism of its use of white phosphorous during the Gaza war, the IDF implemented mandatory buffer zones of several hundred meters and restricted use of it near sensitive sites. The report said the use of white phosphorous remains legal, though the IDF did conduct a review of its use.
"As a consequence, the IDF is in the process of establishing permanent restrictions on the use of munitions containing white phosphorus in urban areas," the report said.
The United Nations has yet to react to the Israeli report.
Israel is under pressure to accept another international investigation into a deadly May 31 raid on a flotilla of aid ships that attempted to break through the Israeli naval blockade of Gaza. The raid left nine Turkish pro-Palestinian protesters dead.
Israel has launched multiple investigations into the incident but Ban wants an independent probe that includes Turkish and Israeli participation..
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By Norm Minch
Some of my best memories as a youngster include the times when my father took me fishing on a summer afternoon, and let me tangle with a big old catfish or two in the pond behind our house.
I got to fish for other species like bluegills and bass, but as a kid, the fascination of catching and observing a catfish was what I was taken with the most when those trips came around. Their unique look, the way they acted on the line and the sounds they made seemed much more interesting to me, and may be responsible for hooking me into the sport I, and thousands of other Kentucky anglers, enjoy today.
As time passed, the realm of my catfishing experiences expanded greatly, and I learned that opportunities to catch catfish existed in just about every place there was water. Catfish aren’t only good fighters, but their hardy character allows them to thrive in all types of water bodies from farm ponds to the largest lakes and river systems. This may be the single-most reason why so many people fish for them: Their ubiquitous nature and widespread abundance makes them available to practically every angler at any time.
Those interested in expanding their catfishing “realm” have several possibilities, according to fishery biologists with the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources (KDFWR). Many waterways support a good catfish fishery through natural reproduction, while the agency supplements populations of other smaller public lakes and state wildlife management area ponds through a pretty “hardy” stocking program of its own.
Let’s take a look at some of the best spots where channel, flathead and blue catfish are, how the quality of fishing will be this summer, and key in on a couple of ways to connect with these sleek and unique underwater predators.
Western District fishery biologist Paul Rister has perhaps the two premier waterways for catfish in all Kentucky running side by side down and through his domain. The Tennessee and Cumberland river systems, which flow through Kentucky and Barkley lakes, provide superb habitat for catfish, both blue catfish (which grow the largest of Kentucky’s catfish), as well as for channel catfish, perhaps the most commonly found species of catfish across the state.
“Anglers have four high-quality choices actually, and all can be equally as good during the late May through late August period,” said Rister.
The main lake of either reservoir is considered excellent for both blues and channels, as are the tailwaters below the dams of these lakes, according to Rister. These two lakes carry a rich tradition for producing quality catfish, and a reputation for giving up some truly exceptional sized catfish as well. Rister expects the summer of 2003 to not be much different.
“The only obstacle anglers below Kentucky Dam might encounter is that bank-fishing might be closed or very limited due to the construction going on down there. It might restrict fishing in the immediate tailwaters, which is sometimes where the bigger blues come from,” said the biologist.
Catfish are primarily bottom and opportunistic feeders, which is one reason they pack in below Kentucky and Barkley dams. There they can pick off wounded baitfish, nose through a constant flow of other possible food sources, and have the preferred rocky bottom habitat. During the summer, catfish spend most of their time somewhere either close to rocky habitat, and in deeper water during the day, and that’s where fishing should be concentrated.
Catfishing on Barkley this summer gets the same very positive report from Rister as Kentucky Lake does. During the spawning period in late April through May, anglers are going to find catfish along rocky shoreline areas, around riprap banks and in the canal between the two lakes. Most of the fish won’t be in really deep water yet, and most any choice of live, cut or organic baits will entice strikes.
As water temperatures warm, catfish move into creek and river channels, and can be taken at greater depths with minnows, cut-up sunfish and other offerings that appeal to both their noses and appetites. Still-fishing just off the bottom in channels or around an underwater hump is productive. At night or on overcast days, fishing around rocky cover on flats near the main-lake channel is a good choice anywhere along the course of either lake, says Rister.
Before we leave the western region, one other waterway of special note this season for catfish is Lake Beshear in Caldwell and Christian counties, one of the many smaller impoundments in the KDFWR stocking program. Reduced numbers of catfish being released in Beshear has noticeably increased the quality and growth rate on channel catfish, and is expected to provide a superb fishery this summer. Check it out.
Moving a little farther to the east, the report from Southwestern District biologist Bonny Laflin for his area indicates that Barren River Lake is one hotspot catfishermen can look to score big on channel catfish this summer. He rates the fishing as excellent, noting a large population of whiskerfish is available throughout the lake.
Feeder creek channels and locations where these channels intersect the main-river channel are hotspots to connect with catfish on Barren. Fish will also be taken near the dam around rocky banks, and off points with steep dropoffs, which form channel cuts. Laflin also notes that Barren carries a pretty good volume of larger flathead cats, which are most active at night and are caught on live shad, bluegills or minnows.
Sometimes this bigger variety of catfish can be caught in very shallow water as they come to the shoreline to find food late at night after the sun drops over the horizon. Along points where deeper water access is close by are good places to drift your bait for the big boys. Areas, too, where washed-in logs and debris stack up can attract catfish. These areas typically have suitable cover and generally a lot of smaller baitfish to feed on as well.
Laflin also notes that there is an excellent population of channel catfish in Green River Lake, which perhaps could be considered an underutilized resource for area anglers. He believes anglers can connect with various sizes of catfish ranging from those that pull like “the little engine that could” to “freight train” strength.
The Green River itself offers decent catfishing below dams on the system, and around the mouths of smaller creeks or
heavier shoreline cover in late spring and early summer. Crawdad tails, night crawlers and other baits will attract attention fished closed to the bottom, around chunk rock and other structure in deeper pools.
If the central Kentucky region is more convenient for a trip, anglers should be considering Taylorsville Lake as the top spot for major lake channel catfishing. Herrington Lake gets good marks from biologist Kerry Prather for providing its share of quality channel catfish with a few big flatheads thrown in as well.
Late spring fishing is good on Taylorsville in the timbered coves and mouths of most any creek, says Prather. He also recommends fishing off points where the river channel cuts close, and working around the dam where irregular rock outcroppings or other shoreline cover exists.
“Catfish prefer a little deeper water and tend to stay fairly close to it even when they move out to feed,” said Prather.
“We’ve got an excellent number of fish up to 5 pounds in Taylorsville, and over at Herrington you can find about the same situation. I think anglers should really be out there taking advantage of that resource right now,” the biologist added.
Some of the smaller lakes in Prather’s district are also hotspots for channel catfish, many of which are supported through the KDFWR stocking program. Spots like Beaver, Guist Creek and Kincaid lakes and others are stocked annually or bi-annually to keep a supply available.
“We generally stock all the 170,000 or so channel catfish in our program each year during the summer months, and they bite best during the time right after we release them,” said Ted Crowell, KDFWR assistant fisheries chief.
“We have these lakes on a rotating schedule, based on what our hatchery can produce. We’ve got catfish going in little lakes here and there all over the state, including several city and county park lakes and ponds and on lots of our WMAs,” explained Crowell.
“Anglers might be surprised at what’s swimming around in some of these smaller bodies of waters, and it’s certainly an opportunity that shouldn’t be discounted quickly,” Crowell said.
Some of the lakes in Kentucky where larger numbers of catfish are released, besides those already mentioned, include Greenbo Lake in Carter County, Lake Malone in Muhlenberg County, Lake Reba in Madison County, Elmer Davis in Owen County and the new Cedar Creek Lake in Lincoln County, which were stocked with almost 19,000 channel cats last fall.
There are likewise numerous smaller lakes in Jefferson County such as McNeely, Cherokee, Fisherman’s Park, Iroquois Park and others that receive KDFWR catfish. Jacobsen Park in Fayette County is another example of an urban fishery supported with channel cats by the state fish and wildlife agency.
Up in the north and northeastern part of the state, one of the top river catfishing spots in Kentucky can be found in the Licking River system. In addition to fishing, tickling and noodling for big catfish under the tree roots and ledges along this waterway is a time-honored tradition in the summer. If you’re interested in trying it a little different way, hand-grabbing a 20-pounder out from under a rock ledge is surely a change from the usual, but can yield some incredible catches if you’ve got the nerve.
If you want to stick with the mainstream approach, other top spots in this vicinity to try include Cave Run Lake, Grayson and Yatesville lakes. The first two waters contain channel and flathead catfish, more of the first and some much larger of the latter.
“The potential to take a big 40- or 50-pound flathead exists at Cave Run and Grayson,” reports Lew Kornman. His district office gets occasional reports of some monster flatheads being caught during summer nights, sometimes by people visiting on houseboats with a line in the water, or by limbline or jugline anglers who set their hooks out one day and the next morning see the branch bent down with a heavy fish on the other end.
Channel catfishing on all three reservoirs, including Yatesville, is rated as good. Yatesville anglers should find quality-sized catfish evenly distributed throughout the upper and lower lake. Remember to stay on the rocks during late spring and early summer, and move to the channels and deeper dropoffs in July and August. In fall, try the heads of creeks after the hard rains that create some flow into the lake.
In the south-southeast section of Kentucky, Kevin Frey recommends Fishtrap Lake as a superb catfishing spot. The biologist says if you’re looking for the big flatheads, most of his sampling showed the larger fish were found in the lower end of the lake. A good number of flatheads, he found, were up in the headwaters of Fishtrap where the river channel begins widening into a reservoir.
Channels are located everywhere, and lots are taken along the shoreline on creek banks, in the backs of coves and around rocky structure from late May into June as the spawn concludes. A lot of limbline and jug- fishing goes on in Fishtrap, which is one way to connect with catfish and eliminate some of the waiting it often takes to be successful. When nesting is over, channel catfish will ease back out into deeper water and suspend along overhangs, under fallen logs and sort of stay in the shadows, so to speak, waiting for an easy meal to cruise by.
A second-best choice in this region is Buckhorn, also home to both flathead and channel catfish. In addition to good fishing in the lake, Frey notes anglers shouldn’t overlook the tailwater fishery, which is also a good bet for whiskerfish. Letting your offering drift downstream with the current or tugging your bait slowly through some rocks along the bottom in an eddy just outside moving water might work well, too.
Now, taking a quick look at the waterway that spans the entire northern border of Kentucky, biologists are calling the blue, flathead and channel catfishing in the Ohio River fair to good for this summer. Most of the better fish are going to be picked up immediately below the locks and dams on live or cut bait drifted through the boils and swifter water just above the bottom. Bank-fishermen can also connect with Ohio River catfish, and the potential in the lower Ohio to hook up with a giant blue or flathead always exists.
Ohio River anglers must pay close attention when boating below the locks and dams to abide by the boundaries for boat operation and water conditions. Summer usually is the calmest in terms of heavy currents, but caution is always recommended.
Heavy tackle, line and rods are best for big-river fishing to help you be able to turn and guide big cats out of the current, off the rocks and to the net more easily without breakoffs. Other habitat to fish includes downed logs, big boulders or other submerged, large area cover you spot on the bottom. Fish slowly, and try to keep a relatively tight line so you can get on the fish before it gets you too wrapped up.
The last two spots we’ll highlight will be our Cat(fish)-Out-Of-The-Bag picks for this summer. Out in Ohio
County in midwestern Kentucky, there’s a little 26-acre sleeper lake where some recent renovation took place. Now the lake is fishable again after being drained and restocked, and so far angling pressure really hasn’t picked back up there yet and the potential for some good catfishing is quite good.
The KDFWR regularly places more than 600 channels in Washburn Lake, and due to the lower fishing pressure, there should be a good number of better than usual catfish available in this lake right now. You might want to sling a line at Washburn sometime this summer and see what takes off with it.
A second lesser-known, but still a hotspot opportunity for catfish, according to KDFWR biologists, is Bullock Pen Lake in Grant County. It’s an out-of-the-way, 134-acre lake that you don’t hear much about. The lake is located outside of Crittenden and opened to fishing back in 1955. Actually, the KDFWR has stocked Bullock Pen and neighboring 92-acre Boltz Lake, also in Grant County, with blue catfish for a research study. If you’re looking for a bonus over what usually is found in these smaller, state-owned lakes, try these two spots. Channel catfish over 15 inches are common, and the potential to catch some larger blues isn’t bad, either.
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Malbis Memorial Church (Daphne, Alabama)
Malbis Memorial Church (formally the Sacred Patriarchal and Stavropegial Monastery of the Entrance of the Theotokos) is a church located in Baldwin County, Alabama meant to resemble the Chrysospyliotissa Church in Athens, Greece.
The church is dedicated to Jason Malbis, a Greek businessman who established a plantation in the area. His remains are interred in a crypt to the right of the iconostasis.
Canonically, the church constitutes a stavropegic institution under the authority of the Ecumenical Patriarch. It is not part of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America, although the Archbishop presumably exercises some authoirty in his capacity as Exarch of the Ecumenical Patriarchate in the Americas.
The church welcomes visitors, and its doors are open nearly every day of the year until 5:00 pm.
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Bulgaria’s Cabinet approved on March 25 the draft of the updated treaty with United Kingdom on avoiding double taxation of income and property, the Government press service said in a statement.
The existing double-taxation agreement between the two countries dates back to 1987, when economic relations between the two countries were “on a radically different level”, the statement said.
The new agreement envisions a new system for sharing taxes between the two countries, which will spur bilateral relations and investment between the two countries.
The treaty is in line with Bulgarian contractual practices and follows, in the main, the model for double-taxation agreements of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the Cabinet said. The agreement is subject to ratification by the two countries’ parliaments.
(Bulgarian President Rossen Plevneliev addresses a British trade mission in Sofia in March 2015. Photo: president.bg)
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Examines how the European Union (EU) is perceived beyond its boarders in the US; the Middle East: Israel, Palestinian territories, Lebanon, Iran; Russia; China; India; and, Brazil and South Africa. This book analyses the perceptions of the EU in some key international institutions, including the World Bank; World Trade Organization; and UN.
This book examines how the European Union (EU) is perceived beyond its boarders in the US; the Middle East: Israel, Palestinian territories, Lebanon, Iran; Russia; China; India; and, Brazil and South Africa. The book also analyses the main perceptions of the EU in some key international institutions, including the World Bank; World Trade Organization; United Nations; and, transnational actors, including non-Western media such as Al Jazeera and leading international NGOs. It seeks to provide a thorough analysis of the implications that these perceptions might have for the global role of the EU. By taking this approach and by providing both conceptual and empirical arguments, the volume provides an innovative perspective on the analysis of the EU as a global actor. It also strengthens a research agenda on the EU external image: an underdeveloped area of investigation in which the editors and the main contributors to this volume have played a pioneering role in the past few years. It will be of strong interest to academics and students of international politics, European studies and development studies.
1. Introduction -- The EU in the Eyes of the Others: Why bother? Sonia Lucarelli and Lorenzo Fioramonti Part 1: Great powers, conflict areas and emerging markets 2. American Perceptions of the EU: through a glass, darkly or through the looking glass? Jim Sperling 3. Eastern Giants: the EU in the eyes of Russia and China Mara Morini, Roberto Peruzzi and Arlo Poletti 4. Taking the Lead: EU mediation role assessed by Iran and Lebanon Ruth Hanau Santini, Raffaele Mauriello, Lorenzo Trombetta 5. Between Attraction and Resistance: Israeli views of the European Union Sharon Pardo 6. Conflict and Hope: the EU in the eyes of Palestine Simona Santoro and Rami Nasrallah 7. The Emerging 'Global South': the EU in the eyes of India, Brazil and South Africa Gerrit Olivier and Lorenzo Fioramonti 8. So Far, So Close? Mexico's views of the EU Alejandro Chanona Part 2: International organizations, regional institutions and the media 9. Partnership in Peril? Images and strategies in EU-ACP economic partnership agreement negotiations Ole Elgstrom 10. Aid, Trade and Development: World Bank's views on the EU's role in the global political economy Eugenia Baroncelli 11. The EU through the Eyes of the United Nations: the quest for unity Franziska Brantner 12. Regional Partners? Perceptions and criticisms at the African Union Daniela Sicurelli 13. Non-Western Media and the EU: perspectives from Al Jazeera Donatella Della Ratta 14. Close Enough? The EU's global role described by non-European diplomats in Brussels Caterina Carta 15. Conclusions - Self-representations and external perceptions: can the EU bridge the gap? Lorenzo Fioramonti and Sonia Lucarelli
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Many people have heard the term hedge fund, however the vast majority of individuals have no idea what they are. Even individuals who have spent years investing within the stock market and other securities do not really understand the concept of a hedge fund.
This is a type of limited partnership the place the fund manager acts as the final manager and the investors are the partners. The biggest difference between a hedge fund and a regular mutual fund is that hedge funds are usually not regulated. With a view to avoid rules, the buyers within the fund should be what are called “certified purchasers.” The requirements for this are spelled out within the Investment Company Act. Usually, a hedge fund investor must have a net price of $1,000,000 or an annual earnings exceeding $200,000. The government established this requirement to protect small buyers from the high risk of hedge fund investing. By establishing these requirements, the possibility of somebody shedding their whole worth is somewhat minimized.
Like any funding, the goal of this is to realize the utmost return attainable on the investment. This often do this by investing in some of the riskiest propositions such as distressed assets, derivatives and junk bonds. If the strategy is successful, huge returns can usually be accomplished. However a unsuitable determination can wipe out a whole portfolio. Two common hedge fund strategies are quick selling and high leverage. Quick selling is basically betting that the market will move in one direction or another. Leverage merely means throwing numerous assets towards an investment in an try to have an effect on it in a certain way.
Because these strategies are so risky, buyers should understand absolutely how their particular fund manger plans to take a position the capital. Unlike different investments that allow you to be palms off and depart the selections to the manager, hedge fund traders are expected to be very proactive and concerned within the process. If things go really incorrect, the managers wish to make sure that you knew exactly what was occurring each step of the way. If a manger appears to secretive or controlling, maybe it’s best to look for one more fund. For instance, when you work within the health care business and see a future the place costs are going to continue to rise while profits shrink, would you need your fund manager to bet all your money on big health business profits? This is part of being an informed investor.
One of many biggest advantages of this investing is the lack of regulation. Fund managers can invest in virtually anything they choose without regard to limits or safety. They are famous for buying up distressed properties and turning them into profitable real estate investments. This is also take over distressed businesses and help to restructure them into profitable companies. Investments like these can lead to dramatic returns on funding capital that’s merely not potential with other safer forms of investment. Buying assets which might be mired in debt permits a hedge fund to buy those assets for pennies on the dollar.
Hedge funds are probably the most lucrative opportunities in a depressed market. Opportunities to purchase failing companies and other assets abound and with some sound research the assets will be turned round and revived.
With the prospect to make some huge cash comes the prospect to lose loads also. Hedge fund just isn’t for everyone, but if you happen to can abdomen some risk the rewards could be plentiful.
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By LESLIE COLLINS
December 4, 2013
Despite the right-sizing initiative that began in 2010 which shuttered more than 30 schools, the Kansas City Public Schools may need to shutter additional schools in the near future.
“It’s something we know we’re going to have to look at,” said KCPS Public Relations Manager Andre Riley. “We continue to have a declining enrollment. We know that within our boundaries we’ve had a drop in the number of children being born; we’ve had a 15 percent decrease since the recession in the number of children born within our school district, so there are fewer kids to be had no matter what school it is. Our enrollment is falling, and we have to make sure we utilize buildings properly.”
Declining enrollment, along with the plan to open two middle schools next fall, were the catalysts for re-evaluating the district’s facilities master plan. According to KCPS, the primary goal of the facilities master plan is to assess the adequacy of each school building and determine if improvements need to be made to enhance the learning environment. As part of the plan, KCPS officials are also evaluating current attendance boundaries and are seeking public input.
Top facility improvements listed by attendees from past public meetings included ensuring that KCPS schools provide up-to-date technology for students as well as more dependable WiFi capabilities; provide temperature controls in individual classrooms; upgrade restroom facilities and ensure that a school’s exterior and interior are aesthetically pleasing.
When asked to list KCPS’ most critical needs regarding facilities, attendance boundaries topped the list. The district’s right-sizing initiative created some quirks in attendance boundaries, and as a result, some students aren’t attending the school that’s closest to them geographically, said Jesse Lange, planner for KCPS.
“They’re also having to cross a major roadway or natural barrier to get there,” Lange said.
In other instances, a neighborhood is split among several schools. For example, the Blue Hills neighborhood is split among three elementary schools, he said.
With high schools, another challenge is the lack of a feeder pattern from elementary schools.
As a result of declining enrollment, not every school building is being utilized at its target “utilization rate,” said Shannon Jaax, director of the KCPS Repurposing Initiative. Recommended target utilization rates for KCPS are 350 to 600 students in each elementary school; 500 to 800 students in each middle school; and 700 to 1,200 students in each high school. The goal is for 85 percent of KCPS schools to meet those target rates. KCPS has 19 neighborhood elementary schools, and ten are currently falling below target utilization rates. Once KCPS launches its two middle schools next fall, all of its high schools will fall below target rates except one.
“Really what this tells us is if we were to operate that way, we’re not maximizing the dollars in the classroom,” Jaax said.
According to KCPS, benefits of achieving recommended school sizes are “expanded course offerings and extracurricular opportunities” as well as a “more equitable distribution of resources to support student needs.”
“We want to make sure we’re making the best use of our resources,” Riley said.
Of the 31,361 school age children living within KCPS boundaries, only 14,307 attend KCPS schools. This year’s KCPS enrollment totaled 14,307 and KCPS predicts that if current trends continue that number will drop to 12,139 by the year 2019. However, KCPS has also created a “turn around plan” that predicts moderate to slight enrollment growth if KCPS makes gains in graduation rates, regains accreditation and works to attract and retain students in all grade levels. That path predicts a student enrollment of 14,888 by the year 2019.
KCPS is continuing to discuss options, and the public is encouraged to attend upcoming meetings, Riley said. KCPS staff will provide a facilities master plan update to the KCPS Board of Education on Dec. 4. The next facilities master plan public meeting will be held on Jan. 14 from 5:30 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. at Paseo Academy, 4747 Flora, Kansas City, Mo.
“We need their participation. It’s vital that we have our community with us every step of the way during this process,” Riley said. “We’re talking about some really important issues, whether it be the redrawing of boundaries which determines which kids in which neighborhoods go to a certain school; it also determines if we have to close schools and what types of programming we’ll have at the schools that remain open. We really encourage them to come out and participate in the process so they can know what’s going on and that they can be heard.”
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Norwegian climate policies with a focus on the mitigation of Green House Gas (GHG) emissions over the last twenty years, the period of the existence of CICERO, is critically reviewed and analysed in this policy paper. Best practice principles and policy instruments as recently set forth by the IEA, the OECD and the Stern Review are reviewed along with political economy aspects of the structural social and economic changes caused by ambitious climate policies. Important Norwegian Official Research Papers and independent foreign Peer Review of Norwegian climate policies are reviewed over the period 1991-2009 and compared with the recent international best practice guidelines. The Norwegian analyses and policy recommendations compares fairly well. Cost-efficiency and effectiveness are main policy principles, but policy instruments should also be assessed on the basis of adaption and compliance, their ability to cope with uncertainty, their effectiveness in stimulating the innovation of climate-friendly technologies, and the facilitation of international cooperation. Norwegian GHG-emissions increased by some 2 per cent from 1990 to 2009 while GDP per capita grew by more than 52 per cent over the same period, implying significant improvements in emission intensities. Some 70 per cent of Norwegian emissions are now covered by CO2-taxes and an Emission Trading System (ETS), the two main market based policy instruments, but policies are not cost-efficient across economic sectors du to political economy concerns. Lessons for future policies are set forth at the end of the paper, and three of these are: -They should be presented more clearly as measures to buy insurance against the risks of climate change in an uncertain world; -One should identify more precisely the structural consequences of ambitious climate policies, but also the future possibilities for "green growth"; -Assess policy instruments in terms of cost-efficiency and effectiveness, but also their potential to minimize political resistance so as to give clear and credible future signals to the household and business sectors.
- År: 2010
- Språk: English
- Serie/Rapport: CICERO Policy Note;2010:03
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Isonokami Shrine and the Seven-branched Sword
One of the oldest, and historically important, shrines in Japan, Isonokami Shrine (石上神社) can be found in the city of Tenri, in Nara Prefecture. It is located in the rich green shadows of its pine tree and bamboo grove surroundings. Numerous small shrines to various deities are also part of the shrine complex. Like many other such shrines in Japan that date back to the Yamato era, it has a peaceful tranquillity and atmosphere. It is also located close to the Yama-no-he pilgrim route (山の辺の道).
The shrine is home to one of the earliest historical artefacts, the seven-branched sword (七支刀) that is thought to date to the 3rd or 4th century AD. This inscribed sword was presented to a local king by the rulers of Paekche (Baekje) on the Korean peninsula. Paekche was one of the Three Kingdoms, and it and the other two appear to have had extensive contact with the Yamato or Yamataikoku kingdoms in Japan.
The sword was made in Korea and sent as a gift to one of the rulers in Yamato. It is thought that this was Empress Komyo, since the sword is thought to date to the early fourth century. (However, there are various interpretations of the possible date indicated on the sword, ranging from late-third century to early fifth century. An earlier date would mean that Queen Himiko could also be the recipient.) This would certainly fit with the stories from Japan’s Nihon Shoki (), which has the Empress ruling in Nara. However, the inscription on the sword is more ambiguous. Although the 8th century NIhon Shoki mentions Empress Komyo, contemporary Chinese histories from the 4th/5th century mention Queen Himiko, who is curiously absent from the later Japanese histories.
Kansai Stupendous Piles
Kansai is home to many of the largest kofun (burial mounds) in Japan. The region was home to many of the local kings, who were later incorporated into the imperial line, enshrined in some of these massive tombs. The two largest, Kondagobyoyama (425 m long) in Habikino and Daisenryu (486 m long) in Sakai are said to the tombs of Emperors Ojin and Nintoku. These are the fifteenth and sixteenth emperors in the imperial line and are thought to be the first two that are based on historical figures, rather than legend. Until they were acquired by the Imperial Household Agency in the Meiji period (in the 1870s). these mounds were often at the heart of local festivals.
These massive mounds prompted William Gowland, a British amateur archeologist working as an engineer for the Osaka Mint, to proclaim them ‘stupendous piles’. He is one of the key figures in establishing archaeology as a recognised science in Japan. His research increased awareness of the importance of kofun, and his photographs and analysis of them are now available in “William Gowland: The Father of Japanese Archaeology” published by the British Museum Press in 2003.
The Kofun Period (古墳時代) extends from the third century AD through to the late seventh century, and marks the transition of Japan being a number of Wa kingdoms to the unified state that had emerged by the beginning of the eighth century. There are few written records from the period, except for Chinese and Korean records of visits to the Wa kingdoms of the Japanese archipelago. Since there are no native Japanese records from this period, we are left to rely on ancient chronicles such as the Kojiki (古事記) and Nihon Shoki (日本書紀), compiled in the early eighth century, for stories about this period and earlier. However, even without written records, the rulers of the nascent nation were still able to construct these massive mounds, the largest of which took thousands of workers many years to complete. (The largest mounds are thought to have taken 15 to 20 years to build, assuming several thousand people worked on them.)
…meanwhile Japan continues to deny most applications for refugee status.
Even Australia manages to do better than Japan when it comes to accepting refugees fleeing persecution in their native country. Myanmar refugees and their new life in Melbourne. They even seem to doing their best to try and help them integrate into their new country.
Japan approved a mere 20 out of 20,000 political asylum applications last year. Meanwhile Amnesty Japan has agreed to stop its members visiting detention centres, and even closed down one of its teams that focused on refugee issues.
The 2018 cherry blossom viewing season is now over, but we were treated to a particularly spectacular display this year. We had almost continuous warm weather from the time the blossom bloomed until some strong winds blew away the last delicate petals a few weeks later. This meant we got a couple of weeks with various spots coming into full bloom, rather than what is usually only one good weekend.
A new home for some musings and ruminations on life in Japan for a Black Country lad, mostly in English but with occasional outbursts in Japanese.
As the last few petals of this years cherry blossoms float downstream, time to think about plans for the log hot summer…
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Patches are not only a need by a fashion symbol too. Users have them for various reasons, and thus they have become a need. You can stitch patches on jeans or another type of fabric using a sewing machine or by hand. The choice is yours, and you can decide if you have to use a sewing machine or do it by hand.
The fashion of patches might be in or out of trend, but the need is never out of trend. You can simply mend the cloth by spending a little time sewing a patch on it instead of purchasing a new one. You don’t need to have some special training in sewing to sew patches on a cloth. Instead, there is some basic info that you need to have.
Here is a brief overview of using a sewing machine to patch cloth and mend it. The step-by-step process helps you understand how to do it conveniently and without fault.
Using Sewing Machine for Patch
A sewing machine is the simplest and convenient option to patch a cloth. The main requirement is the availability of the sewing machine. The relative opportunity that it offers is comfort and less time taken in sewing the cloth patch. If you sew a patch on a fabric with a sewing machine, it will give the patch a clean look while also being long-lasting.
The first question that most people ask is if they would sew the patch on fabric using a sewing machine. The answer is yes because a sewing machine doesn’t require any special expertise. Also, the task you have taken, i.e., the sewing of patches, is not that difficult. If you have a prior idea of basic sewing stitches, you can stitch a patch on a piece of fabric.
You have to take a sewing machine. Check if it is properly working, and if it does, you have to check the thread color to see if it matches the fabric. If it does, then you are good to go.
Steps to sew a patch with a sewing machine
The sewing of patches on fabric is better done in an organized manner. If you do so, you won’t face any problems, and it will be complete with convenience. Here are some steps for the sewing of a patch on fabric.
Check the size of the patch
The first thing you have got to do is measure the size of the patch required for the area you want to mend. Once you measure it, write it or keep it in your mind to don’t forget the size of the required patch.
Match the fabric with a patch
The next step is checking a matching fabric for the patch. If you have one, then you are good to go. Even if it is not the same fabric, you can use the one close to the one on which you are patching it.
Cut the patch
If you have found a matching fabric, you have to cut the size bigger than the required measurement. The reason for it is the sewing requirement because if you patch the same size, you won’t be able to sew it. Thus, once you have cut the required patch, keep it aside for a while for use.
Prepare your sewing machine
Check the sewing machine if it is working properly, and if it does, you have to match the thread and fulfill other requirements. Once the machine is ready, you are good to proceed towards the next step.
Pin the patch
You have to pin the patch to the fabric to ensure it is sewn in the right place. You need to be careful in pinning it.
Sewing it using a machine
After pinning the patch, you have to sew it with a sewing machine. Be careful in sewing so that your fingers are not harmed, and the stitching is proper. After completing this step, the sewing of the patch is completed, and you can use it.
The process of sewing patches with a sewing machine on fabric is easy. You have to fulfill the requirements and then use the above-given requirements. If you follow the mentioned steps, you will patch a cloth easily. The process doesn’t require special expertise or in-depth knowledge of using a sewing machine.
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Authors can turn their books into NFTs?
NFTs thrive in a variety of industries, from artwork, music, entertainment to real estate. Furthermore, NFTs have a strong potential of having significant influence in the publishing industry. If you are a writer, an author, or work in the book publishing industry, you should learn more about how you can turn your books into NFTs.
What is an NFT book?
An NFT book is a digital token for a digital original with the ownership recorded on the blockchain, making them one-of-a-kind digital representations of each book, which comprises two things.
The first one is the content of the eBook with any accompanying materials such as a video guide to the book or an interview with the author that you can read, enjoy, think about and accumulate knowledge. After purchasing the NFT, you may download and enjoy all of them.
NFTs are not the same as digital versions of normal eBooks that may be purchased online. You own the eBook as long as the online marketplace where you purchased it agrees to keep it available. NFTs are similar to printed book ownership in this scenario, where you possess a unique copy among a sequence of similar copies. As a result, while the author’s copyright is secured, pirating an NFT book is difficult.
Secondly, the part that differs from the majority of other online content is the implementation of smart contracts. Each NFT book comes with a smart contract that allows you to resell the single copy you purchased once you’ve finished reading it.
Strategies for Creating an NFT Book?
Offer limited editions: When a book is only bought for a limited time, it acts as an incentive to purchase. Authors might establish a certain timeframe to encourage readers to buy.
Offer different versions of a book: Authors can expose their readers to different variations of each edition, ensuring that each purchase receives a really unique book by considering what additional content could be added to each book copy.
Sell alternative versions: Creating a different plot or finish for your book is a terrific method to increase interest in it. The extra content will entice readers who are already interested in your work.
Create digital items related to your book: The author can produce digital content based on the plot to give readers a more meaningful experience. Thanks to NFTs, authors can create digital artwork, audio or video content that could be officially sold and owned.
Benefit to authors
In this era of ever-evolving technology, along with the explosion of blockchain and NFTs, it is completely logical for authors to convert their books into NFTs and keep up with the trend. Their books are not merely content to read but also become a kind of digital asset. When everything moves towards digital integration, NFTs’ application in book publishing will bring a lot of benefits to the author, such as increasing more revenue, creating marketing strategy, and having more hardcore fans. These advantages will become appealing points for a wide range of authors.
NFTBOOKS believes that NFTs for book publishing will usher in a new era for eBooks and provide authors with great opportunities. NFTs will continue to revolutionize and benefit the publishing industry, from eBook monetization to author copyright protection to offering more material to users.
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The Magazine for Asian Investors
Indonesia plans to enact a tax policy on nickel exports in the third quarter of the year. The authorities are trying to increase revenue from exports. At the same time, they are promoting the production of more high-value products in the country.
Indonesia, once a major exporter of nickel ore, banned exports of unprocessed nickel in 2020 to attract investment in the smelting industry. However, much of the development has been focused on the production of nickel pick (NPI) and ferronickel, which have relatively low nickel content.
The Coordinating Minister for Maritime Affairs and Investment said taxes will be levied on NPI and ferronickel, but details of the planned tariffs were not disclosed. The government will set the tax based on the price of nickel and the price of coal used for power generation.
The government wants to use Indonesia’s vast nickel deposits to produce batteries for electric cars and eventually assemble electric cars domestically.
Indonesia has received investment offers from South Korean investors such as LG and Hyundai for battery and electric vehicle manufacturing, and is also keen to attract Tesla to invest in the country.
In the meantime, the government continues to examine the need to limit the number of smelters producing NPI or ferronickel in order to conserve mineral resources.
Indonesia is aiming for its mineral reserves to last another 25 to 30 years.
The smelters producing NPI and ferronickel in Indonesia currently have a total installed capacity of about 1.3 million tons of nickel.
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Genealogy research for beginners
Genealogy research can lead you to a rich discovery of your family history and heritage. Learning about your family can truly change your life in a rewarding way. The following is a guide to genealogy research for beginners.
Ask Your Relatives
Genealogy research for beginners can start simply: speak with your parents. Ask about the birth and death of their parents and any relevant information they may have regarding their ancestors. Your parents may also know where their parents married, if their fathers served in a war or any other information relating to your genealogy research. Contact other family members to ask if they have made any progress in their genealogy research. See if you can help them fill in the holes that they could not.
Ask to see any family photos and make photocopies. Photography stores can also create a negative from a photograph for a fee if you would like to keep track of photographs with the negatives.
Bring a recording device. Visit your oldest living relatives and ask them about your family history. Recording the conversation will take your focus off taking notes and allow you to enjoy the visit.
Surf the Web
Once you have obtained information from your family, turn to research methods that other genealogists utilize. The Internet is a popular resource. Try searching for your surname and your mother's maiden name. The U.S. government provides census records online from the late 1700s to the early 1900s.
Consider taking a class or workshop in genealogy to take your research to the next level. Classes can often be found at a local historical society. Check your county's Web site to see if a local historical site is listed. Joining a historical society can also help you with your research.
Organize Your Research
Make sure that you save your research in a well-organized fashion so you can find documents, photos and other information easily. A photo box can be used to store your photos and a binder can be used to store your written information. The key is creating a system that works for you and that you can allow you to continue to add more information.
As you reach milestones and special events, be sure to record them so future genealogists in your family will have this important information. Doing genealogy research is a great family project and will certainly bring you closer together as a family.
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As the swinging axe of budget sequestration grows closer here in Washington, a lot of finger-pointing is being directed at the Republican majority in the House of Representatives. They do indeed have a lot of say in how this all unfolds, but it is worth remembering that there are two other power centers in Washington that can develop options as well. That’s the way the Founders structured things here on the Potomac: a division of powers.
It is also worth remembering that it was the Barack Obama White House that first injected sequestration into the budget wars back in the summer of 2011, and it was the Obama initiative to put a steel sequestration fence around the defense department, while entitlements stayed outside the fence.
Under Article 2, Section 2, Clause 1 of the US Constitution, the president is the commander in chief of the Army and Navy. It has struck some as odd that the president would initiate such an arbitrary budget plan for our military.
While the Obama White House is saying now that they want to delay sequestration again, in the midst of the Super Committee work in late 2011, President Obama was threatening to veto anything that undid the automatic spending cuts for defense and the domestic accounts that would be sequestered.
In the meantime, the Democratic controlled US Senate has not passed a budget since 2009, and the $3.7 trillion federal government has been living on Continuing Resolutions. The effect of this, among other things, is to lock in higher levels of domestic spending, since there would be big cuts if the Republican-controlled House had any say in Conference Committee negotiations with the Senate and the White House.
Last year, the House of Representatives passed a budget that largely protected defense from budget cuts. We don’t know yet what the House budget will have this year, but it is safe to say it will include higher levels of defense spending than the US Senate, should it finally pass a budget.
Who knows how all this will play out. Maybe there will be another last minute, Washington-style deal that no one likes but “had to be done.” But if defense sequestration does happen, President Barack Obama’s idea might remind people of the story about the fire chief that said he regretted saying “let’s fight fire with fire.”
Find Archived Articles:
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History of Scotland
Wars and Rebellions
Scotland has been a constituent part of Great Britain since the Act of Union was passed by the legislatures of England and Scotland in 1707. However, the union of these two ancient lands has not always been an easy one, and even after 1707 wars and rebellions by Scots determined to maintain their full independence were not uncommon. Many of these conflicts have been celebrated in popular culture and some have even been given the Hollywood treatment. One of the most notable examples was “Braveheart”, a 1995 film produced, directed and starring Australian actor Mel Gibson. While not completely accurate, the film told the story of William Wallace and his struggle to keep Scotland fully independent in the face of attacks and invasions from England’s King Edward I in the early 14th century.
Competing claims for the English throne based on religion in the 17th and early 18th centuries saw several wars and rebellions flare up. In both 1715 and 1745, Scottish pretenders to the English throne mounted full-scale rebellions. The rebellion of 1745 led by Charles Edward Stuart (known as “Bonnie Prince Charlie”) was the last, and was soundly put down by England at the Battle of Culloden.
The reputation of the Scots as fearsome warriors remains to this day. Also continuing is the longstanding practice of bagpipers leading British soldiers into battle (although this is officially discouraged). During the 1944 D-Day invasion of Europe, piper Bill Millen accompanied the 1st Special Service Brigade led by Lord Lovat onto Sword Beach in Normandy, proudly playing the pipes as the British commandos marched triumphantly ashore.
Historical Scottish Facts
The history of the chainsaw invention begins in 1780, thanks to the two genius Scottish surgeons – John Aitken and James Jeffray. The doctor John Aitken was known as the Senior President of the Medical Society of Edinburgh. As for James Jeffray – he is holding the crown of the longest Scottish professorship, which lasted for 58 years. His professional field of work was anatomy and botany, which he taught at Glasgow University. Both were well-known and respected for their accomplishments in medicine, including the invention of their surgery chainsaw. The device of both Scottish doctors saved lots of lives until it was surpassed by the wire saw, made by Leonardo Gigle – an obstetrician from Italy.
The Romans invaded Britain in the 1st century AD, they added southern
Britain to their empire as the province Britannia. They were unable though
to subdue the fierce tribes in the north. A massive wall was built across
the island from sea to sea on demand by the Emperor Hadrian, to keep these
tribes from invading Britannia. Parts of this Hadrian’s Wall still stands
on the Scottish border today.
The Normans conquered England in 1066, and then many Anglo-Saxons from
England settled in the Lowlands of Scotland. This is when the Scots gradually
adopted the English ways. Feudalism was established, and the chiefs of the
clans became nobles. This is when Scottish town began to grow, trades were
increased, and Scotland thrived. More…
The story of the Scottish Throne is a long and complex one. From the
beginning of the twelfth century a single king started to rule, what
we know today as Scotland. The thirteenth century was a time of
insecurity for the whole of Scotland, with the fighting and Wars of
Independence between Scotland and England. The fourteenth century brought
a sense of nationhood and stableness, when the monarchial evolution
began to develop.
William Wallace is known as the greatest hero and one of the most important
symbols of Scottish independence in Scotland’s history, although he lived
many centuries ago. Although his exact birthdate and birthplace is unknown,
he was born around 1276. William was Sir Malcolm Wallace’s second son of
three. By the year 1297, Wallace controlled much of Scotland, and his battles
were something movies are made of. Although his army was outnumbered, they
managed to defeat the English army at Stirling Bridge, using strategy and
intimidation – the victory that drove the English out of Scotland. In 1305,
Wallace was captured and taken to trial in London, where he was convicted of
treachery and was brutally murdered. More…
Scottish clans gives a form of Scottish identity and is known in Scots
and by people from all over the world, it has a formal structure of
Clan Chiefs officially registered with the court of the Lord Lyon,
King of Arms whom controls the heraldry and Coat of arms. Each clan
has its own tartan patterns, and those identifying with the clan can
wear kilts of the appropriate tartan as a badge of membership and as
a uniform where appropriate. More…
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Coal and Gas Resources of the Lower Hartshorne Coalbed in Leflore and Haskell Counties, Oklahoma.
Abs With Programs Geol Soc of Am 1977 Jan; 9(1):65-66
The lower Hartshorne coalbed in a 600-sq-mi area in Leflore and Haskell Counties contains at least 1 trillion cu ft of methane. Based on 900 coal data points, it is estimated that approximately 2.0 billion tons of the original coal resources remain. Resources calculated were within 2 miles of any datum point and were contained in beds more than 12 inches thick and 2,000 ft deep or less. This new calculation of coal resources was required to obtain an accurate data base for calculating the methane content of the lower Hartshorne coalbed.
Abs. With Programs, Geol. Soc. of Am., V. 9, No. 1, January 1977, PP. 65-66
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Use the honeycomb design to assist notify your social networks method
Back in 2011, a group of teachers from Canada; Jan Kietzmann, Kristopher Hermkens and Ian McCarthy developed the Honeycomb Model to examine social networks efficiency, taking a look at reasons users engage with social networks.
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We developed this basic table to assist you assess each of the 7 blocks, so you can choose which ones, and the number of, your company needs to concentrate on
|. Structure block: Implications for organisations: Identity Data personal privacy controls and tools for user self-promotion Existence Producing and handling the truth,|
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|circulation residential or commercial properties in a network of relationships Credibility Keeping track of the strength, enthusiasm, belief, and reach of users and|
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Category: Poetry & Drama|
The author of the book: Professor of General Literature J M Coetzee
Format files: PDF, EPUB, TXT, DOCX
The size of the: 11.81 MB
Edition: Penguin Books
Date of issue: 1 September 2002
Description of the book "Stranger Shores: Literary Essays":Two-time Booker Prize-winner J. M. Coetzee is one of the world's greatest novelists. This thought-provoking collection gathers twenty-six of his essays on books and writing. In his opening piece, "What Is a Classic?," Coetzee asks, "What does it mean in living terms to say that the classic is what survives?" He explores the answer by way of T. S. Eliot, Johann Sebastian Bach, and Zbigniew Herbert. Coetzee goes on to discuss eighteenth- and nineteenth-century authors such as Defoe and Turgenev, the German modernists such as Rilke, Kafka, and Musil, and the giants of late-twentieth-century PDF literature, among them Brodsky, Gordimer, Rushdie, and Lessing.
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Saffron Walden Museum: "Object in Focus" partnership project with the Horniman Museum
Objects in Focus is a loans programme run by the Horniman Museum and Gardens in London, funded by Arts Council England.
The aim of the programme is to improve access to their collections and strengthen partnerships with other museums and cultural organisations by offering a range of objects for loan free of charge.
From July until November, Saffron Walden Museum is loaning some tattoo design examples from the Horniman Museum, which illustrate tradition tattoo methods and designs. These tattoo models are from Sarawak, Borneo and date to the 19th century.
The display also includes a tattoo implement from Fiji, made from a bone plate with a bamboo handle, which has been decorated with plaited coconut fibre. It was collected in Viti Levu in 1876.
Further information about the Objects in Focus programme is available at: https://saffronwaldenmuseum.swmuseumsoc.org.uk/object-in-focus-partnership-project-with-the-horniman-museum/
2 August 2022
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As a PA (Personal Assistant), an EA (Executive Assistant) or secretary you may be asked to undertake an appraisal, this could be for junior members of staff. An Appraisal, Performance Review or Staff Review happens once a year. The appraisal gives the employee and the employer an opportunity to openly discuss the previous years working structure.
Some General Guidelines
Appraisals are on an individual employee’s job description. If you are conducting the appraisal you need to ensure that you are aware of the employee’s job description and not undertake a comparison with other employees. You also have to be aware that the appraisal is on their past performance and not on what you would like them to do. That is the value of job analysis and detailed job descriptions.
A rating system may form part of the appraisal process. The rating system could be a numerical, alphabetical system or a combination. All PAs or secretaries conducting an appraisal should be trained on the rating system used. A good rating could result in a pay rise or promotion. It is important that the rating system is robust, understood and utilised.(more…)
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Prince Edward Islanders are being warned about nasty weather coming from Hurricane Arthur, which is travelling up the eastern seaboard Friday.
In a briefing at the Canadian Hurricane Centre early Friday afternoon, program manager Chris Fogarty said he expects the forecast to get worse.
"We'll probably be increasing our winds in the forecast for Prince Edward Island now based on some latest things that we're seeing in the satellite imagery and the computer models." said Fogarty.
"It's going to be a pretty nasty day over there."
Environment Canada issued a tropical storm warning for all of P.E.I. at 10:24 a.m.
Cancellations can be tracked throughout the day Saturday at CBC's Storm Centre.
The current forecast is for winds to blow at 60 km/h with gusts to 90 km/h or 100 km/h across the province during the day on Saturday. 40 to 50 mm of rain is expected in some areas, with the heaviest rain in Prince County. Fogarty said most of the rain would come quickly overnight.
Hurricane Arthur made landfall in North Carolina Thursday night with wind speeds of up to 155 km/h. Arthur will move up the coast, and many communities in the United States are cancelling Independence Day celebrations.
Event organizers on P.E.I. are also keeping an eye on the storm.
It is expected to lose intensity as it hits the cold waters off Nova Scotia, but is forecast to still have wind speeds around 110 km/h when it passes over Yarmouth early Saturday. From there the storm will run across the Nova Scotia mainland, crossing eastern P.E.I. as a post-tropical storm Saturday night.
The biggest event this weekend is the Cavendish Beach Music Festival. Thousands are expected to attend performances by Blake Shelton, Lady Antebellum and Hunter Hayes. Fogarty said Environment Canada staff are consulting with festival organizers hourly.
Festival organizer Jeff Squires says the current plan is for the festival to go ahead. Organizers will meet again at 4 p.m. Friday, check the forecast, and review the decision.
Festival tickets are non-refundable.
Another major concert event in Nova Scotia, Stanfest, has been cancelled because of the storm. Squires says the situation is different for Cavendish Beach. It is further from the centre of the storm, and the site is closer to emergency services.
On the Charlottetown waterfront, P.E.I. 2014 is preparing to take down parts of its Celebration Zone if the forecast gets worse. Big screens and tents could be dismantled for the weekend.
"To protect the safety of the public and the staff, the plan ranges from modifying the site, so closing down certain structures, bringing down flags and signage that could become loose in the event of high winds to closing the site entirely and at this point there is no change in the schedule. We monitor the weather in real time," said P.E.I. 2014 executive director Penny Walsh McGuire.
The vintage automobile event, Show 'n Shine, marking its 36th year this year, is making changes for the weather. Some events are moving inside, and the Rod Run could be cancelled.
For mobile device users: What are you doing to prepare for this weekend's storm?
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This essay has been submitted by a student. This is not an example of the work written by our professional essay writers.
The objective of the work undertaken was consisted two separate experiments, pipe surge and water hammer. These are both caused by a reduction in the flow rate within a pipe. They are two alternative dissipations of the kinetic energy of the fluid into another form of energy - pressure in the case of the water hammer, and potential energy in the case of the surge shaft.
The surge shaft is a device used as a way of avoiding pressure surges which accompany the water hammer effect, by allowing the fluid up a shaft near the valve, thus absorbing the pressure exerted by the fluid on the valve and the pipe. The aim of these two experiments was to compare the results with the theory derived from Newton's Second Law of Motion.
Water pipelines and distribution systems are subjected to surges almost daily, which over time can cause damage to equipment and the pipeline itself. Surges are caused by sudden changes in flow velocity that result from common causes such as rapid valve closure, pump starts and stops, and improper filling practices. Pipelines often see their first surge during filling when the air being expelled from a pipeline rapidly escapes through a manual vent or a throttled valve followed by the water. Being many times denser than air, water follows the air to the outlet at a high velocity, but its velocity is restricted by the outlet thereby causing a surge. It is imperative that the filling flow rate be carefully controlled and the air vented through properly sized automatic air valves. Similarly, line valves must be closed and opened slowly to prevent rapid changes in flow rate. The operation of pumps and sudden stoppage of pumps due to power failures probably have the most frequent impact on the system and the greatest potential to cause significant surges.
If the pumping system is not controlled or protected, contamination and damage to equipment and the pipeline itself can be serious. The effects of surges can be as minor as loosening of pipe joints to as severe as damage to pumps, valves, and concrete structures. Damaged pipe joints and vacuum conditions can cause contamination to the system from ground water and backflow situations. Uncontrolled surges can be catastrophic as well. Line breaks can cause flooding and line shifting can cause damage to supports and even concrete piers and vaults. Losses can be in the millions of dollars so it is essential that surges be understood and controlled with the proper equipment.
Water hammer is the formation of pressure waves as the result of a sudden change in liquid velocity in a piping system. Water hammer usually occurs when a fluid flow start or stops quickly or is forced to make a rapid change in direction. Quick closing of valves and stoppage of pump can create water hammer. Valve closing in 1.5s or less depending upon the valve size and system conditions causes an abrupt stoppage of the slow. Since liquid is not compressible, any energy that is applied to is instantly transmitted. The pressure waves created at rapid valve closure can reach five times the system's working pressure. If not considered for, this pressure pulse will rapidly accelerate to the speed of sound in liquid, which can exceed 1200 m/s, causing burst of the pipeline and pump causing as well as fracture in the pipe fittings. For this reason, it is essential to understand under what conditions these pressure waves are produced and reduce the pressure rise as much as possible in a piping system.
In experimental work there are always some risks to everyone in the lab, hence a health and safety briefing before commencing the labs. These will aware people to the potential risks and the appropriate steps to reduce the likelihood of accidents. Therefore it is crucial to follow the advice of the staff supervising at all times and use the protection equipment provided.
There are different hazard around in the lab, identifying them is important.
There are people doing other experiments at the same time in the lab, make sure what the worst situation can happen with it.
Therefore knowing where is the closest fire exit is important, or the short route to get out the build.
Making sure there are not wire on the floor, incase people fell over it.
Make sure that all the equipments going to be used are safe.
Connecting the equipments correctly to prevent short circuit.
Make sure that the load is not too heavy to left.
When loading the equipment, be careful it might fell on to someone's toe.
Be aware of anything caught into the equipment
When leaving the lab make sure things are placed back to the original place, and all equipments are switched off.
There are ways to prevent it happen.
Make sure you know the risk of the experiment.
Ask others to help to set up, if not sure what the equipment does.
Do not leave anything unattended.
Not lift anything heavy alone or with equipment's help.
Figure 4‑ shows pipe surge and water hammer experiment's apparatus
The equipment is set up as shown Figure 4 - 1, where the head loss can be measured. The static head (hs) is recorded through the level on the surge shaft when there is no flow, this will be the datum level throughout the experiment. Then adjusting the gate valve and supply control valve, so that there is a steady of water flowing into the sump tank, where the new reading in the surge shaft is the velocity head (hv). Then the gate valve is close and wait for the oscillations to stop, once it is stopped the lever is opened to operated gate valve and the water level should drop back to the same value for the velocity head.
The value of hs and hv are used to calculate the head loss due to friction which is hs - hv = hf. The flow rate will be needed by closing the dump tank to find the quantity of water in the tank in 60 seconds. More reading should be taken for better accuracy. The flow rate should not be changed for the rest of the experiment.
The maximum and minimum surge heights are measure by the oscillations and the time between the gate valves is quickly closed. The same procedure is repeated but the time taken between the surges passing the datum point is measured.
Follow the Appendix 8 -1 to set the equipment up. Where the water hammer flow control valve should be fully open and the surge shaft valve is fully closed, then the measurement of the volumetric flow rate will be taken and thus calculate the flow velocity. The volumetric flow rate can be measure using the same procedure as Pipe Surge. Then the fast acting valve is release to stop the flow of water instantaneously causing a pressure pulse to travel up and down the pipe. This is instantaneous closures which mean closure less than 2L/c, i.e. the valve is closed before a reflected wave reaches the valve again, as this will give us the same pressure rise as an instantaneous closure. These pulses are captured on the oscilloscope where we record the average amplitude, time base and the duration of the pulse. The time lags between the two pressure transducers are also recorded.
For the second half of this experiment, the oscilloscope setting is changed so that the time base setting is increased to 25ms/div. Once it is set up, the same procedure will be repeated as before. The fast acting valve is release and records the average amplitude value and duration of the pulse for the traces that are on the oscilloscope.
Results and Analysis
Table 5‑ shows head loss and flow rates
Timed volume collection
Static Head (mm)
Velocity Head (mm)
Head Loss (mm)
Flow rate (m3/s)
Flow velocity (m/s)
Table 5‑ shows maximum and minimum values of surge
Max and min heights (mm)
(Ymax - hs)
Table 5‑ shows datum values of surge
Static head value (Datum) = 664
Table 5‑ shows the measured values for water hammer experiment
Timed volume collection
Table 5‑ shows measured and predicted values for water hammer experiment
Volts/Div Setting (mV/div)
Wave Amplitude (mV)
Time-base Setting (ms/div)
Figure 5‑ shows the water hammer pressure wave of 2.5ms time-based setting
Figure 5‑ shows the water hammer pressure wave of 25ms time-based setting
Table 6‑ show the comparison of the results
Flow Rate (Q)
Surge Pipe Velocity (u)
Head Loss (mm)
Period of Oscillation (T)
Max Height in surge shaft (Ymax) Uncorrected
Max Height in surge shaft (Ymax) Corrected 1st empirical formula
Max Height in surge shaft (Ymax) Corrected 2nd empirical formula
When comparing the values gained experimentally to the values predicted from the equations, tabulated in table 6 -1, it can be observed that the predicted flow rates and the period of oscillation are both quite similar with their experimental values. The reason for the slight difference in flow rates is partly due to the fact that the equation that we needed to use to find the flow rate had two unknown values in it, Q and hf. The equation that we used was:
The experimental value of frictional head loss is used so that the predicted flow rate can be calculated. The experimental value of Q is used for calculating the theoretical value for frictional head loss by substituting this value in to the equation
However this value would have accumulated more errors and therefore the value would be further away from the experimental value.
Figure 6‑ shows the surge height against time
From Figure 6 - 1 the time period is about 8 seconds can be observed, whereas the predicted value is 7.5705 seconds. The discrepancy between the two numbers is most likely to be as a result of human error, when timing the points of max and min surge and also when the surge crosses the datum a time factor needs to be taken into consideration for the time taken between the person saying when to stop the timer and the other person actually pressing the button. This time delay could easily explain the half second difference between the two values.
When comparing the difference between the experimental and predicted values for maximum surge height, the first predicted value is hugely different to the actual value achieved. The reason for this is because the equation gives the max surge from the static head assuming that there are no losses due to friction, therefore the equation will need to be adjust to take into consideration of the effects of friction.
This acts as a correction factor. The reason why it need to be use, because the initial head loss which is due to friction, this is the difference between the static head and the velocity head which is much lower than the static head therefore the initial max amplitude should be taken away.
Throughout the effects of friction is important as dealing with a small bore system whereas in reality surge shafts have diameters in meters. The effects of friction can be assumed negligible, as long as the initial head at the valve is assume the same as at the reservoir. However in the flow frictional losses are relatively large, this can be seen in the fact that there is a large difference between the static head and velocity head. This is partly due to the small diameter of the pipe, as the friction occurs at the walls and if the diameter of the pipe is small then the area in which the fluid is unaffected by the friction is going to be smaller. In order to take the effects of friction in to account, the equation of the max amplitude must start from the velocity head therefore the head loss due to friction can also be taken into consideration.
Table 6‑ show the comparison of the results
Velocity of sound in water c
Velocity of sound in water in pipe system ce
Peak pressure p
Duration of pulse Td
From observing Figure 5 -1 the single pressure wave, it varies slightly to the symmetrical smooth square shown as in the Fluid Mechanics Lab Manual. The pulse shown on the oscilloscope showed an unsymmetrical, rough rectangle. This irregularity of the line is as a result of not all the kinetic energy being transferred into potential energy, which is the pressure pulse, and the remaining energy being lost in the form of heat, sound and strain. The strain loss is where the compression of the water tries to expand the pipe, i.e. constant volume therefore change the cross sectional area. The reason of that assumption is the irregular graph as when deriving the equations as assumed that the kinetic energy lost is equal to the energy gained in the form of the pressure pulse, this does not take into consideration the effects of energy losses like heat noise and deformation.
In another part of the experiment, the pressure transducer set up halfway along the pipe. i.e. 1.5meters away from the valve; this meant there is a time lag between the first wave and the second wave giving the opportunity to measure the speed of sound in water. Firstly the time lag need to be calculated, using 0.75 per division. In the first set up the time axis for the oscilloscope to 2.5milliseconds per division, therefore the time lag is 1.5 milliseconds. The time lag should roughly be a quarter of the time period, so it is as expected the time lag is 1.5625 milliseconds, which is very close to what experimentally gained therefore suggesting that the value has a slight error but not as significant error that the value can't be used to work out Ce. As a result the value of the time lag in the equation can be used
An experimental value was given for the speed of sound in the water/pipe system which is 960m/s. This value is used to calculate the time it takes a single pressure pulse to travel a complete circuit of the pipe, in this case 6 meters, and the value is 4.523 milliseconds compared to 6.25 milliseconds from the sketch. The difference between these two values could be due to not reading the number of divisions accurately enough and also where the measure of the period from, both of which could have made the result closer to the result calculated. However the discrepancy might also be due to pulse travelling further than it is assumed. For the calculations, assumption is made that it is just travelling the length of the pipe, however the pulse might travel some distance into the header tank instead of being reflected back at the edge. This would then account for why the measured time period is longer, as it could be travelling further than the 6 meters as assumed.
When looking at the table 6 -2 for the water hammer experiment, the predicted and experimental values for the speed of sound in water can be compared, peak pressure and also the duration of the first pulse. There is not much difference the experimental and predicted values of speed of sound in the water/pipe system, this indicates that the experiment went well and that the calculations and therefore the equations used are correct. However there is a significant difference between the peak pressure and also the duration of the pulse, it is quite likely that measured the duration of the pulse inaccurately as determined a rough value for how many divisions the period was, likewise with the amplitude of the pulse. Furthermore when calculating the experimental velocity of sound in water the time lag was used as the time in the equation and the time lag again was measured by reading how many divisions it took up and as a consequence was open to human error in reading it.
From Figure 5 - 1 can be observe several reflected pressure waves. When the pulse is reflected as a low pressure wave, the pulse is going lower than the original start point. The pressure wave is actually reaching the vapour pressure of water and as a consequence the water is boiling and evaporating creating bubbles, this causes a vacuum to be created thus slowing down the pulse. The energy created from the boiling water soon dissipates and when there are not enough bubbles to slow down the pulse then a second pulse starts and the whole process repeats itself. The fact that the pulse is slowed down in the pressure trough by the vacuum and bubbles means that the pulses are not symmetrical.
Studying the Figure 5 - 1 more closely, on the second pulse wave there is a small spike half way between the first pulse and the second pulse can be observe, this could be due to a number of reasons but the most likely is that it is the pulse that has been reflected back from the back of the Header tank. Ideally the experiment would be set up such that the header tank has a big enough change in volume and pressure compared to the pipe that it would act as a discontinuity and reflect the pulse back straight away. However in this case some of the pulse could be being reflected from the back wall of the header tank. This would also explain why there is a difference between some of our experimental and predicted results for the speed of sound in water, as we could be assuming that the distance travelled by the pulse is slightly shorter than it travelled in reality, thus having different values when calculating C. The reason why the amplitudes of the pulse wave are not symmetrical is partly due to the vaporisation of the water and also as a consequence of friction, as the flow is slowed the frictional head loss also reduces and so the head at the valve increases to the equilibrium position of the static head, that is why the amplitudes converges towards the static equilibrium can be observe.
In conclusion, the results between theoretical and experimental were similar and close to each other. However, the slight discrepancies might due to human error, e.g. not recording the time as accurately and also the effects of friction will need to be taken in consideration. Therefore if the experiment is repeated to get better accuracy for the result can be more reliable to use.
Fluid Mechanics Laboratory Manual
Level 1 and 2 notes on unsteady flow
Douglas JF, Gasiorek JM and Swaffield JA, Fluid Mechanics, 4th ed, Prentice Hall, 2001. (ISBN 0582414768)
Massey, B, Mechanics of Fluids, 8th ed, Taylor & Francis, 2006 (ISBN 0-415-36206)
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Origin of transactional analysis
Words nearby transactional analysis
How to use transactional analysis in a sentence
Sex, then, is not wholly experiential but at least partially transactional.Have Sperm, Will Travel: The ‘Natural Inseminators’ Helping Women Avoid the Sperm Bank|Elizabeth Picciuto|November 29, 2014|DAILY BEAST
Open and transparent transactional markets also make it easier for sex workers to share information and vet potential clients.
That's the point of transactional politicians; they do transactions.
Analysis of the 2014 vote showed that Democrats had been hurt by an abrupt drop in Latino turnout.
But, over time, it reduces our communications to their most basic and transactional.Wired Executives Find that Disconnecting Can Help Spur Creativity|Beth Comstock|October 19, 2013|DAILY BEAST
Analysis and practice in preparation are the steps over which we must climb to the platform of power.Expressive Voice Culture|Jessie Eldridge Southwick
Recollective Analysis, or Analysis for the purpose of helping to learn by heart, is not an originating or manufacturing process.
It is either thoughtless repetition, or thoughtful Analysis that he must use.
At all events, let him if possible learn each of the three Groups by his own Analysis, looking at my work afterwards.
Now the practice of Interrogative Analysis compels such persons to interrogate—to propose questions—to think.
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New York City Skyline
The Lenape Native Americans inhabited the New York region when it was originally discovered in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano. New York was first known as New Amsterdam when the area was first settled in the early 1600s. In 1664, the city was surrendered to the English and renamed New York after the English Duke of York and Albany. Today New York City has an estimated urban population of 5.3 million people and more than 19 million people live in the New York City metropolitan area. This photo of the mid-town area of New York City’s skyline has been selected as the Daily Cool Photo on Running Wolf’s Rant for the 7th of October 2010.
Watch this space for daily updates in the Photography and Babes categories on the blog. There are more than 200 photos that have been featured in the Daily Cool Photo section on the blog. Yesterday a photo of the Crowd at Fokofpolisiekar at Vanfokkingtasties in Hatfield Square was the Daily Cool Photo. You might also want to check out the regularly updated Movies, Music, Technology, Television and Opinion categories. Feedback is appreciated and welcome on the blog. Feel free to comment on anything that you may find interesting here.
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- Win tickets to the February 2017 edition of Park Acoustics - January 16, 2017
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| 0.95411
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Jekyll and Hyde
LEVEL 2 (450 unique characters)
After years of work, Jiang Ke (Dr. Jekyll) is on the verge of a breakthrough of his personality-enhancing elixir. When he crosses paths with his old flame He Jia, his focus diverts to reclaiming the love he lost. However, Jiang Ke quickly discovers he is not the only one vying for her affections. Is his untested elixir the answer to his problems or just the beginning of his troubles?
This novel is based on Robert Louis Stevenson’s 1886 novella, The Mysterious Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, but also draws upon the rich evolution of that story over the years. Because the original work is told as a series of letters (much like Bram Stoker’s original Dracula) and also relies on a “surprise twist” at the end regarding the identity of Mr. Hyde, it was clear that some additional adaptation was called for, just as other versions of this tale have done in the decades since its original publication.
As in our other stories, this Mandarin Companion graded reader has been adapted into a fully localized Chinese version of the original story. The characters have been given authentic Chinese names as opposed to transliterations of English names, which sound foreign in Chinese. The locations have been adapted to well-known places in China.
The translation of the title is worth a mention because it is not the standard translation used in Chinese for The Mysterious Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, which is typically translated as 化身博士(Huàshēn Bóshì), with the story’s titular characters’ names transliterated as 哲基尔医生 (Zhéjī’ěr Yīshēng) for Dr. Jekyll and 海德先生 (Hǎidé Xiānsheng) for Mr. Hyde. As usual, we went for our own Chinese translations of these names.
The name 江可 (Jiāng Kě), which we chose for Dr. Jekyll, sounds like a completely normal Chinese name, while also alluding to the “potential” for good and evil in our main character, one of the main themes of the story. Meanwhile, the name 黑德 (Hēidé) does not sound like a normal Chinese name, but makes sense for the warped character in our story. Note that 黑 (hēi) is not a Chinese surname, which is why the name is written in pinyin as “Hēidé” and not the two-word name “Hēi Dé”.
We hope you enjoy our version of this classic, and that your Chinese reading comprehension undergoes a much more positive (and more natural!) transformation of its own.
The following is a list of the characters from The Mysterious Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde in Chinese followed by their corresponding English names from Stevenson’s original story. There are, of course, other characters in the story besides these, but many do not have exact correspondences to the original. The names below aren’t translations; they’re new Chinese names used for the Chinese versions of the original characters. Think of them as all-new characters in a Chinese story.
- 江可 (Jiāng Kě) – Dr. Jekyll
- 黑德 (Hēidé) – Mr. Hyde
Free Sample Coming soon!
Didn’t expect the end of the story. Interesting twist on a classic tale. Lots of good new vocabulary that fit my educational background..
Graded readers that are both well-leveled and entertaining are hard to find. This book is both! I recommend it to anyone looking to practice reading at HSK 3.
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| 0.944875
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