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Healthy eating is an important life skill. The Child Nutrition Services (CNS) staff, consisting of approximately 45 employees, work diligently to provide students a variety of diverse and appealing foods. They know and understand that providing children with nutritious and well-balanced meals will help children grow, develop, and do well in school. The department is proud to build partnerships to support learning and to promote healthy habits for lifelong nutrition.
Child Nutrition Services’ goal is to provide students a fairly priced, well-balanced and satisfying meal meeting current state and federal nutrition guidelines. Additionally, the department strives to promote the health of students not only by providing them with nourishment but in educating them with the necessary skills needed to make healthy choices now and throughout life. Child Nutrition serves approximately 4,000 lunches daily with a menu emphasizing the United States Dietary Guidelines that include lowering dietary levels of fat, cholesterol, sodium and sugar.
Please visit Evergreen School District's CNS Page for forms and detailed information regarding
- The School Meal Program
- Fuel Up to Play 60
- Food and Nutrition Standards
- Catering Request
- Special Meal Accommodations: Meal Substitutions for Medical or Special Dietary Reasons
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Are you new to Tip Junkie? If so, check out the FAQ.
Ground Hog Day is Monday, February the 2nd and a great way to “warm” up the winter and bond with the kiddos. This year give them a new tradition or memory for them to reminisce about!
New Tradition: If the groundhog does not see his shadow and spring seems imminent, celebrate by making a spring dessert. If the groundhog sees his shadow, wed better get used to six more weeks of winter and prepare a winter dessert, like hot chocolate.
I found this darling cupcake made out of an Almond Joy bar over at Buckets of Ideas for Grandparents . She also has Ground Hog activity suggestions like eating on the “ground” and adapting traditional games out of “Phil” the ground hog.
Gourmet Mom on the Go has a tutorial on how to make these adorable Ground Hog Cookies.
One activity you can do to mark the day, is celebrate with your own shadow and make Groundhog Day Silhouettes.
Danielle’s Place has a couple Ground Hog Day themed kids crafts you can do together.
Purple Trail Party Ideas has tons of great party, invitation, game, and food ideas to throw a fun Ground Hog Day party.
About.com has tons of links to games and craft ideas to do with your kiddos.
I came across this site for teachers, but I’m sure you could do several of the activities at home on Ed Helper.com.
How you you going to celebrate Goundhog Day?
P.S. Don’t forget to check out the Mom-preneur Shops, your gifts are going to Shine in 2009!!
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Washington: A team of astronomers has discovered 250 tiny galaxies that existed 600 to 900 million years after the Big Bang.
Observations by the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope have taken advantage of gravitational lensing to reveal the largest sample of the faintest and earliest known galaxies in the Universe. Some of these galaxies formed just 600 million years after the Big Bang and are fainter than any other galaxy yet uncovered by Hubble. The team has determined, for the first time, with some confidence that these small galaxies were vital to creating the Universe that we see today.
The international team, led by Hakim Atek of the Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Switzerland, has discovered one of the largest samples of dwarf galaxies yet to be discovered at these epochs. The light from these galaxies took over 12 billion years to reach the telescope, allowing the astronomers to look back in time when the universe was still very young.
Although impressive, the number of galaxies found at this early epoch is not the team’s only remarkable breakthrough, as Johan Richard points out, “The faintest galaxies detected in these Hubble observations are fainter than any other yet uncovered in the deepest Hubble observations.”
By looking at the light coming from the galaxies, the team discovered that the accumulated light emitted by these galaxies could have played a major role in one of the most mysterious periods of the Universe’s early history — the epoch of reionisation. Reionisation started when the thick fog of hydrogen gas that cloaked the early Universe began to clear. Ultraviolet light was now able to travel over larger distances without being blocked and the Universe became transparent to ultraviolet light.
Lead author Atek explained, “If we took into account only the contributions from bright and massive galaxies, we found that these were insufficient to reionise the Universe. We also needed to add in the contribution of a more abundant population of faint dwarf galaxies.”
These results highlight the impressive possibilities of the Frontier Fields programme with more galaxies, at even earlier time, likely to be revealed when Hubble peers at three more of these galaxy clusters in the near future. (ANI)
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There are many different types of locksmiths in Cedar Falls, Ia , including residential, commercial, and industrial. You may find yourself locked out of your house or car at some point in your life. You need a locksmith, but don’t know what type to call. This article will discuss the different types of locksmiths and how to find them. If you have been locked out of your house or car, you may need to contact a locksmith for help.
There are many different types of locksmiths, including emergency locksmiths in Cedar Falls. These professionals are available around the clock to help you regain access to your home. Unlike other service providers, emergency locksmiths can come to your location to help you reenter your home or car. They can rekey or change locks, copy keys, and install new locks. However, they aren’t your only option in an emergency. They can even help you change your locks.
Commercial Locksmiths in Cedar Falls: For commercial establishments, locksmiths specialize in installing and repairing electronic door locks and panic bars. They can also install and repair multi-use lock systems for offices and businesses. And because they deal with more complex and sophisticated locks, these professionals often work on larger buildings. They are also familiar with security devices such as biometric systems and remote keyless entry. Forensic locksmiths, on the other hand, specialize in criminal investigations and use their knowledge to solve crimes.
The most common types of locksmiths work in homes, but you can also find a commercial locksmith who specializes in the security of institutions. Forensic locksmiths specialize in crime scene investigations and are particularly familiar with the technological security systems that are present at crime scenes. These professionals are the most suitable for an emergency, as they are trained to unlock a car without causing any damage to the vehicle. Forensic locksmiths can also be trained in identifying evidence in the scene of a crime.
Residential locksmiths in Cedar Falls, on the other hand, specialize in changing locks and installing security systems. In addition to installing security systems, they can also install new locks. In addition to fixing existing locks, residential locksmiths can also rekey or replace them for greater security. These services are essential if you’ve recently moved into a new house or if you’re moving to a new neighborhood. There are several types of locksmiths, and they all work with the same set of tools.
The automotive locksmith is another type of locksmith. This type of locksmith works mainly with the lock system of an automobile. They are the best option if you’ve been locked out and need help immediately. You can find these locksmiths in many locations. In addition to residential and commercial locksmiths, mobile car locksmiths also provide emergency services. They can also be found in commercial areas. For example, automotive locksmiths work with the security system of a car.
The most common type of locksmith is a residential locksmith. They are available almost anywhere, and can perform the same tasks as commercial locksmiths. While residential locksmiths are usually part of a company’s employee network, industrial locksmiths are hired on a contract basis. These are the types of professional who are hired on an hourly basis, but they may have additional duties in addition to installing security systems. If you’re looking for a full-time job in this field, consider becoming an industrial locksmith.
Residential locksmiths are the most common locksmiths. These professionals work with locks for residences and can even repair protective frames of doors. While commercial locksmiths are more experienced and can repair office safes, residential locksmiths can open a front door without breaking the window. While residential locksmiths can help you with emergency situations, they’re also good to have on hand in the case of an emergency. There are different types of residential and industrial locksmiths.
A residential locksmith specializes in residential properties. They have experience with the locks and can repair them on-site. These locksmiths can also rekey locks, which is an important aspect of security. A professional locksmith can help you to keep your keys in a safe place, so they don’t have to go through any extra trouble. While a commercial locksmith can do a wide variety of tasks, a residential locksmith specializes in one specific area of expertise.
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Table of Contents
In theory, solar panels are a great idea. You get them installed, they start to produce electricity and you become energy independent. Goodbye electric bills. Ta-ta surprise energy charges. Adios grueling customer service calls.
Well, not quite.
While solar panels will absolutely reduce your monthly electricity bill, there's a common misconception that once a solar system is up and running, utility bills will remain low forever. In reality, there are a few reasons why one might see a spike in their electricity bill from time to time.
Solar panels produce what's known as intermittent energy. This term simply means that the electricity produced by solar panels is dependent on external factors that can't be controlled, like weather. If it's a cloudy day outside, solar panels won't produce as much electricity as a sunny day.
Likewise, when it's dark outside, solar modules won't produce energy at all.
In times of little to no energy production, a home will have no other choice than to pull electricity from the grid. Any electricity that is pulled from the grid will lead to additional costs on your electric bill.
Similarly, time of year will affect solar production as well. For example, winter months are typically a time of low solar production in the northern hemisphere due to shorter days and longer nights. During this time of year, anticipate your solar supply to be lower than usual, resulting in heavier reliance on electricity from your utility. See a comparison of the percentage of sunshine from sunrise to sunset in your state during summer versus winter in the table below.
|State||% of Sun (Summer)||Avg. Clear Days (Summer)
cloud cover is 30% max
|% of Sun (Winter)||Avg. Clear Days (Winter)
cloud cover is 30% max
Solar Panel Efficiency
Most residential solar installations today use monocrystalline panels, which have an energy production rate of about 18-22%. That being said, solar panel efficiency can certainly fluctuate.
One factor to consider is the position of the solar panels. If it can be helped, solar modules should be south-facing as this is the direction where they will receive the most solar radiation. If they are facing a different direction, don't be surprised if your panels aren't producing as much electricity as you imagined.
Secondly, panels should not be installed in areas that are heavily shaded. Shade will undoubtedly affect panel performance.
Finally, humans make mistakes. While a poor installation is probably the least likely of a solar panel's efficiency problems, it can happen. If you suspect a faulty system, get in touch with your installer so they can conduct a proper inspection.
Using More Energy Than You're Producing
It happens. You get a new appliance or a fancy new device for your home office - whatever. These things will inevitably result in the use of more energy. If this occurs, and your panels can't keep up with the electric demands of your home, then your home will start to pull from your local utility resulting in new charges on your monthly bill.
Another example of this might occur around the holidays. If you put up Christmas lights, your home will require more energy than say, it did in the summer or fall. It's important to be mindful of these changes in your electric behavior so raised bill prices won't come as a surprise.
Peak Demand Charges
Many utilities employ billing mechanisms in an attempt to offset strain on the electric grid. One of these is what's known as peak demand charges. Exactly like they sound, these are accrued charges for electricity use during times when demand is high. This means that if you use an appliance that requires a lot of energy at a time when a lot of other people "demand" electricity - like running your AC during the middle of summer - it's likely your utility company will include higher charges on your bill. The goal of demand charging is to encourage homeowners to lessen their electricity usage when the grid is most affected - AKA during "on-peak" hours. Peak hours do vary depending on the time of year, but an easy way to think about it is to think about when most people are home. During the workweek, on-peak hours typically occur in the evening when many people are home and using a lot of appliances.
A good way to stay vigilant about using your appliances less during times of high demand is to understand how your utility applies demand charges. In short, the electric company determines when on-peak hours are based on the need for electricity during specific times of day. These are broken down into half hour or one hour intervals, depending on your electric company. It is during these hours that the price per kWh is higher. When it comes time to bill you, your utility company will locate your highest on-peak hour during that month. The total kWhs used during that hour are then multiplied by the set demand charge.
For example, say your utility company has set their demand charge at $16.75, and your highest spike in electricity for the month was 8 kWh used. To figure out your demand charge for the month, you take $16.75 x 8 kW for a grand total of $134. The total amount will be added onto your electricity bill in addition to your regular usage rates.
If your home is pulling electricity from your solar panels during on-peak hours, you can avoid these additional charges. But if for some reason your home needed to pull electricity from the grid, you'll notice these charges on your bill.
If you want a way to lower your electricity bill, installing solar panels on your house is an excellent way to reduce your reliance on the electrical grid, in turn lowering your monthly energy bill. But it’s important to be aware that there are a number of factors that can cause fluctuation in what you owe your utility company from month to month. Being hyper aware of your energy consumption during different times of the day is a great way to control how much electricity your home requires so you can make sure the majority of your energy is coming from your solar panels and not the grid.
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Mergers and acquisitions are general terms used to refer to a combination of companies. The merger will combine two companies into one company. A merger is similar to an acquisition, with the exception that, in the event of a merger, the existing shareholders of both companies retain a common interest in the newly expanded company.
Participation models may vary depending on each company's assessment. When one company acquires control or a significant interest in the stock of another company, it is called an acquisition. You can click here to get more information related to mergers and acquisitions.
The buying company takes over another company. Creating unequal ownership. No new company was established in case of an acquisition.
Mergers and acquisitions can be done for a variety of reasons, some of which benefit shareholders and some of them not. Sometimes such transactions can be made to save taxes. The target company's accumulated losses can be deducted from the acquiring company's profits, resulting in significant tax savings.
Another reason for mergers or acquisitions is that such transactions often help increase market share. Most of the big companies use this strategy to improve their business. Mergers and acquisitions can also be done to bring together two companies that make different but complementary products.
Mergers and acquisitions will undoubtedly change in the near future as dynamic technologies allow more efficient markets to develop.
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Cabbage has an enough amount of the Vitamin C that plays a significant role in helping the fat person to lose weight. It is the Vitamin C contents the help in proper digestion of the fats and carbohydrates in the body that enter the body through the diet and it also throws out of the body the unnecessary fats and carbohydrates. The weight gain process is being controlled by it at the initial stage and at the next stage the weight loss process takes place. It is the slow method of weight loss, but is effect yielding.
Cabbage is the leafy green vegetable that induces the weight loss process in fat people. It is the natural solution for the obesity problem. Botanically it is termed as Brassica oleracea that is used as a staple diet in many parts of the world. It is a vegetable that is crowded by the mass of leaves covering the inner section.
China is the country where cabbage is included in every diet they eat. I think the old Chinese people might know to its usage and thus has introduced it in their daily diet. China has the very less rate of the fat people and cabbage including diet has been the main reason for it. It is their habit to eat cabbage daily has helped them to stay away from the problem of the excessive weight gain. This health benefit of Cabbage made the scientist from west to study it effects of weight loss.
If you really want to lose weight, then eat cabbage. Attaining the weight loss process with the help of natural products is the need of time. The usage of Cabbage shows the slow effect, but resolves the fatness problem permanently. It inhibits the weight gain mechanism of the body and start reducing the fats and carbohydrates stored in the body. Visible weight loss effects can be obtained by eating Cabbage regularly. It may take 2 to 3 months to show you the initial effect, but whatever result you attain would be permanent and without any harm to your health.
A study was conducted to understand the weight loss effects of cabbage. About 100 fat individuals were included in this study. They were asked to eat the cabbage including diet daily once in a day for about a 2 months. After this duration their weight was checked. It was noted that these people showed about 3 kilograms decrease in the weight. The results clearly mentioned that cabbage has the substantial weight loss capabilities. The air of confusion was clear and a new way to lose weight in a natural way was found.
Cabbage is the food that is rich in fiber and less in fats and carbohydrates. You can call it as an anti-fat food. It reduces the deposition of the fats in the body. It is rich in the riboflavin that induces the weight loss process. This compound digests the fatty foods easily and throws them out of the body. It culminates the habit of the body to gain weight.
You can include the Cabbage in your diet either in the form of juice, raw, or in a curry. The best form recommended for the weigh loss is Cabbage juice. You need to drink its juice daily in order to attain the better weight loss results. It can either be taken in the morning or even before the lunch. But, for the good results you need to have the regularity in the intake of the medicines otherwise you may fail to attain the weight loss results. So eat cabbage to lose weight in a natural way.
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Antonio Damasio’s Self Comes to Mind
What I found so fascinating about this book was Damasio’s idea that our self evolved first of all as a clever way to organise information from the body and respond to it effectively.
A self begins to consciously experience the inside world of its body, through symbols and images. Self is fundamentally an organic experience of the body from the inside. A sense of self evolved as a way to consciously evaluate how we feel – what is happening to our organism as a result of everything that is going on around us, affecting us, changing us.
Humans are first of all sensing, feeling creatures. This is the priority of life. Cells are sensing feeling organisms. If these functions are diminished in any way the cell will die or at least start to function inappropriately.
I love the way Damasio roots the development of self right back into the core functions of the cell. The conceptual thinking that humans enjoy is the icing on the cake of a more fundamental necessity. Some of us have become so addicted to the icing, we have forgotten the nourishment of the cake.
Damasio suggests that the striking development of the cortex in humans – which has enabled us to be extra-ordinarily adaptive because of our ability to form pictures, stories, think and plan – may in the end be our downfall. Because the cortex is so noisy and insistent, the messages from the body aren’t getting through, and we are no longer evaluating ideas, foods and activities through the direct intelligence of the body – which after all has has been millions of years in the making, and knows immediately the import of the idea as far as the body in concerned. A lot of us can’t tell whether we are being poisoned by an idea of food, or nourished. We have lost the ability to feel.
Yoga, somatic exercises, massage and meditation are all ways to quieten the busy mind. Then we can start to listen to what is going on in our bodies, so we can get back in touch with the core process of health, which is to sense and feel what is actually going on, and how we are being affected by our choices and decisions and actions. These practices may be essential to bring the mind and body back into balance and health. They may be essential to the very survival of the human species.
This is how to understand Damasio’s message.
Antonio Damasio at the time of writing this review was the David Dornsife Professor of Neuroscience, Psychology and Philosophy at the University of Southern California and an adjunct professor at the Salk Institute. Damasio also heads the Brain and Creativity Institute. Self Comes to Mind: Constructing the Conscious Brain (2010) explores the relationship between the brain and consciousness. Damasio’s research in neuroscience has shown that emotions play a central role in social cognition and decision-making. Damasio formulated the somatic marker hypothesis, a theory about how emotions and their biological underpinnings are involved in decision-making (both positively and negatively, and often non-consciously).
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BEIJING (AP) — China promised Friday to ease restrictions on imports of U.S. beef and to speed up work on opening its market for government purchases of software and other goods.
The pledges came as American and Chinese envoys ended a meeting of the annual U.S.-China Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade amid disputes over market access for goods from solar panels to genetically modified corn.
A Chinese deputy commerce minister, Wang Chao, said at a news conference the two sides agreed to “promote U.S. beef exports to China” but gave no details. A deputy agriculture ministry, Niu Dun, said the two sides will work on technical issues but gave no timetable for when full-scale imports might be allowed.
Beijing banned U.S. beef in 2003 due to fears of mad cow disease. It has promised in recent years to ease those restrictions but effectively maintained its ban.
Wang said Beijing also committed to submitting a new proposal next year to join the Government Procurement Agreement, which extends the World Trade Organization’s free-trade principles to purchases by governments.
Government agencies, hospitals and other official entities in China are major purchasers of software and other goods. Business groups say extending the GPA to China could create multibillion-dollar new opportunities for foreign suppliers.
Beijing promised to join the GPA when it became a WTO member in 2001. But the United States and other governments complained its proposed terms were unrealistic. They would have kept large areas of government purchasing off-limits on security grounds and allowed Beijing to wait up to 18 years before implementing all of its promises.
Wang, the commerce official, said Beijing promised next year’s offer would be in line with proposals by other countries.
The two governments also pledged to strengthen cooperation in criminal enforcement of trade secrets and in combatting violations of patents, copyrights and other intellectual property.
The JCCT, established in 1983, is meant to resolve conflicts over trade issues before they disrupt trade.
The U.S. delegation to this week’s meeting was led by Commerce Secretary Penny Pritzker, U.S. Trade Representative Michael Froman and Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack. In addition to Wang and Niu, the Chinese delegation was led by a deputy finance minister, Zhu Guangyao.
The United States and China have one of the world’s most active trade relationships, with total commerce of some $500 billion a year, but ties are fraught with tension over Beijing’s multibillion-dollar trade surpluses and complaints about market barriers.
On Friday, China’s product quality agency announced it has rejected 12 batches of U.S. corn totaling 545,000 tons that were found to contain an unapproved genetically modified strain.
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Brave New World
From Wikibooks, open books for an open world
This is a study guide for the novel Brave New World by Aldous Huxley. The entire book is available online at http://www.huxley.net/bnw.
Table of Contents
|Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Brave New World|
- Background information (Wikipedia)
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Regulated home cultivation in Florida will create jobs and tax revenue through the opportunities resulting from industries related to successful plant growing. This would include hydroponic stores, plant nutrients, optional lab testing, sales of greenhouses and other suitable structures as well as other ancillary businesses. The economic impact of regulated home cultivation and all the resulting business in Florida, can assist with funding the state in some of the most important areas. Home Cultivation creates a new market for these types of sales in Florida, generating tax dollars, jobs, and new career paths for those who can educate others as to best growing practices. Revenue generated in states where marijuana is legal has been made available for infrastructure improvements such as building schools, enriching educational experiences, assisting with homeless outreach and can be made available to provide needed mental health programs.
Regulated adult use of marijuana is showing an amazing and unexpected benefit to states that have passed it. Most importantly, study after study has shown no increase in teen use, and in fact some decrease in use. The numbers are clear that the biggest segment of the population turning on to cannabis is seniors, with the largest increase in use over the past few years. Cannabis has also had a profound effect on reducing opiate addiction, reducing usage by those who need it, decreasing overdose deaths, and cannabis is becoming an exit drug to addiction. Veterans with PTSD are also benefitting from the use of cannabis with a decrease in the suicide rate in legal states. The benefits of marijuana continue to be illustrated in society. People who use marijuana are less likely to abuse their spouses, and get into altercations. Marijuana users generally live a healthier lifestyle. The use of marijiuana has also been shown to result in fewer absences by employees with no negative impact on workplace performance. Regulated adult use of marijuana will help us turn our prisons into profits by reducing arrests for possession of marijiuana.
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Australia has a remarkable avifauna. Of the 760 species, around 240 are endemic, making this country second only to New Guinea in terms of avian endemism. This field guide, now in its seventh edition, has long been the standard reference for the birds of Australia, and this edition has been extensively revised and updated. There are 20 new plates, and a new distribution map for each species showing subspecies distribution where appropriate. Over 1000 black and white illustrations, many new or redrawn, illustrate behaviours, flight silhouettes, detailed comparisons between related species and other useful identification pointers. This classic work has sold over 400,000 copies in its lifetime, and remains the definitive guide for this country.Über den Autor:
Ken Simpson is an experienced zoologist with a particular interest in Australian wildlife. His other books include Birdwatching in Australia and New Zealand, and Birds in Bass Strait. Nicolas Day has been a wildlife artist since 1977 and his artwork has featured in several field guides. He also conducts natural history art classes around Australia.
„Über diesen Titel“ kann sich auf eine andere Ausgabe dieses Titels beziehen.
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|913th arrives in Kuwait for tour of duty |
|Posted: Monday, October 10, 2011 9:06 pm |
|By KEVIN BOWDEN |
They left Union City on a muggy summer morning six weeks ago and now the 163 soldiers in the Tennessee Army National Guard’s 913th Engineer Co. are in Kuwait.
The Messenger has learned the soldiers flew out to Kuwait early Saturday.
The 913th Engineer Co. departed from the John Tanner National Guard Armory Aug. 18 as the unit made its way to Memphis and then to Fort Bliss, Tex-as.
The unit has been training at the West Texas military base for the past six weeks in preparation for its deployment to Kuwait.
The Union City-based unit is part of the 194th Engineer Brigade and is being deployed in support of Operation Enduring Freedom. The local unit is made up of soldiers from across Tennessee as well as from as far away as Kentucky and Alabama. Many of those in the unit are from Obion County.
Members of the company have been undergoing physical training in preparation for their tour of duty in Kuwait. The soldiers have also been involved in classroom instruction, equipment training and firearms training at Fort Bliss.
The 913th Engineer Co. is known as a “horizontal engineer company,” according to company commander Capt. Jacob Partridge.
Members of the unit were given a recent weekend off to return home and spend time with their families. Published in The Messenger 10.10.11
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Simulation Center for Nursing
Technology designed to give students an edge
At WCU, our goal is to build both the skills and the confidence graduates rely on in the field. That’s why our technologically advanced simulation centers are an integral part of our nursing curricula—it’s part of each clinical course.
The healthcare profession is continuously evolving, and education must evolve with it. Simulation education is embraced as a method of giving students practical experience. Coupled with our varied array of hands-on clinical opportunities, it gives WCU students additional opportunities to perfect their skills.
Our simulation education is complete with clearly defined student learning outcomes that emphasize nursing processes, safety, infection control, therapeutic communication, collaboration, decision making and leadership.
Developing Critical Skills
In the Simulation Center, full-time faculty members offer students experiences mirroring those that registered nurses face every day, using high-fidelity manikins that mimic human responses, and current healthcare technology in realistic patient care settings. During these sessions, nursing students have the opportunity to problem-solve in situations that are true to life without posing any risk to real patients.
Our students experience a range of patient care situations from routine to emergency. During simulation sessions, each student practices the functions of a Registered Nurse, independently. With several rooms for adult care situations as well as dedicated rooms and equipment for pediatric, obstetric and psychiatric situations, the Simulation Centers at West Coast University use a full range of scenarios at all levels of the core nursing program.
Good Habits Become Ingrained
Repetition of patterns is an advantage of Simulation Center experience. There are many routine yet critical actions that healthcare practitioners must carry out as they work with their patients, such as washing hands and checking identification. Reinforcing these habits at the onset of nursing practice and repeating them consistently during simulation sessions builds good habits that become second nature.
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Description: NEWSFEED: 7/5/05 RIOT, POLICE IN RIOT GEAR, PRESENTATION FROM LONDON MAKING BID FOR 2012 OLYMPICS, SHORT FILMS, TONY BLAIR; RIOT: possibly in UK, rioters smash windows to police vans; OLYMPIC BID: Queen Elizabeth II Royal & Olympic official make London bid for 2012 Olympics; OLYMPIC BID: short film showing track athletes serves a sad for London's bid; OLYMPIC BID: cool demonstration as to how London will be transformed for 2012 games; OLYMPIC BID: black female athlete from 2000 games gives speech in support of London, shots of proposed Olympic Village; OLYMPIC BID: slick short film promoting lifestyle in London, city, culture, landmarks--(Big Ben), shots of Olympiads; OLYMPIC BID: Mayor of London gives speech to committee, Tony Blair makes his plea; OLYMPIC BID: another short film showing young kids dreaming of becoming and then becoming athletes; OLYMPIC BID: Sebastian Coe makes speech, another committee member makes his plea; OLYMPIC BID: another member of the board speaks;
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NCS, which began on July 20th 2015, is a government-backed initiative that gives 16-17 year olds the opportunity to build vital skills likes teamwork, leadership and confidence while taking on new challenges, meeting new people and contributing to their local community.
Phil Everett, communications manager for NCS in Lincolnshire, Rutland, Leicestershire and Northamptonshire, known as NCS EM1, said: “We’re halfway through our summer programme and everyone is having an amazing time!
“The teens have just completed their adventure weeks and taste of student life, which focuses on developing vital skills and taking part in CV building workshops. The next two weeks will give them the opportunity to plan and implement a social action project that will benefit their hometowns.”
Kerris Cronin-Harrold, 16 from Northampton, who is currently taking part in NCS, said: “It’s been really fun so far. I’ve met so many new people and joined in activities like orienteering and rock climbing, but I’m looking forward to experiencing what university will be like and knowing that my experience on NCS will help me in the future.”
'It's been a blast': pub legend Malcolm the Fish Man retires
Corby man given suspended sentence after showing 'gun' to group in pub
Meet 105-year-old Marjorie - who must be Kettering's oldest property landlady
Who's been sentenced from Kettering, Raunds and Wellingborough
Furniture warehouse opens in Corby's old historic cinema complex
“I’ve had such an amazing time on NCS! My favourite part has definitely been that I could experience new things that I wouldn’t have otherwise! Plus, everyone has been so friendly and welcoming and I’ve made some great new friends!”
“Taking part in NCS has encouraged me to come out of my shell and really pushed me to take on challenges I never thought I could! I now feel much more confident in my skills and abilities heading into applying for university.”
The summer programme includes a week of team-building activities such as archery and rock climbing, an away-from-home residential featuring skill-building workshops and a social action project that offers participants a chance to give back to their local communities.
Kerris continued: “If I hadn’t taken part in NCS, I would’ve been sat at home, lazing about this summer. Instead, I feel like I’ve done something productive by helping other people. If I hadn’t joined the programme, I wouldn’t have made so many new friends or built up my confidence.”
“I’d recommend NCS to anyone thinking about joining! If I hadn’t signed up, I would’ve just been bored at home playing on my Xbox, but instead I’ve made loads of new friends and got to take part in amazing activities, all of which will really help me to prepare for my future.”
Phil added: “For anyone who was unable to join in this summer, don’t worry! We’ve started to take sign ups for our Autumn programme, which takes place during the October half term. All you need to do to register your interest is visit, www.ncsem1.org.uk.”
For more information or to sign up, please contact Phil Everett on 01522 574152 or [email protected] or visit www.facebook.com/NCSEM1 and www.ncsem1.org.uk.
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|Description: A map of Madison County showing county lines, the county seat (Madison), railroads, and cities current to the 1880s.|
Place Names: Madison, Madison
ISO Topic Categories: inlandWaters, boundaries, transportation
Keywords: Madison County, political, physical, transportation, physical features, county borders, railroads, inlandWaters, boundaries, transportation, Unknown,circa 1880
Source: , (, : , 1880) 52
Map Credit: Courtesy the private collection of Roy Winkelman.
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1966 and all that
A new book by Jon Savage offers a personal history of the year that changed youth culture
By Michael Watts
Jon Savage, the author of “1966”, a vast new book about a pivotal year in the lives of young Britons and Americans, has been obsessing about pop music since, well, 1966. He was 13 then, and called Jonathan Sage, a solitary boy who would sit in his west London bedroom, transported by the sounds of the pirate station Radio Caroline and reading music magazines. What for most other kids was a passing juvenile fancy became for him an education, one that has proven more fruitful even than his time at Cambridge. The record collection which met with such parental disapproval has since fuelled an idiosyncratic career as our foremost historian of youth culture.
“England’s Dreaming”, his definitive account of the societal convulsions caused by punk rock and the Sex Pistols in the Seventies, was followed by “Teenage”, a much-praised history of adolescence and its conflicts with the “adult” world, from Victorian times to 1945. Now he’s turned to the decade whose great social innovations polarised opinion like no other. To the rebarbative Tory politician, Norman Tebbit, the Sixties were “that third-rate decade”. When the founder of OZ magazine, Richard Neville, published “Play Power”, his impish Sixties manifesto, one fearful reviewer denounced it as the “‘Mein Kampf’ of an international conspiracy to overthrow the Anglo-Saxon way of life”. In “The Neophiliacs”, the Private Eye satirist Christopher Booker painted the Sixties as a delusional fantasy that inexplicably overwhelmed the country.
For Savage, this hostility was the result of “experimental, forward-looking youth culture coming up against hard reality, both economic and political”. Advocates of LSD and “free love”, and of civil, gay and women’s rights pushed their cause; governments, police and Establishment figures (including right-wing journalists) pushed back. But Savage doesn’t try to go mano a mano with measured, political commentaries on the period, like Dominic Sandbrook’s “White Heat” or Bernard Levin’s “The Pendulum Years”. His purpose is semi-autobiographical: to investigate the events of a year that helped make him who he is, and also to convey what a thrill it was to be young and alive in 1966. He’s now 62, but a big part of him still seems to be 13, listening to fun stuff in his bedroom.
“Everybody thinks the Sixties has been totally done, or that it was just like Austin Powers,” he says. “It’s my job to prove them wrong.” His method is to view 1966 largely through the prism of pop singles, famous and obscure, and show how they reflected trends and helped shape changes in the British and American psyches. The book contains 12 chapters, one for each month, and they show how three-minute pop singles could function like tabloid reports of changing young lives, so quickly were they recorded and released.
In his view, the Vietnam war was fought not just on the battlefields of South-East Asia but between patriotic chart hits like Barry Sadler’s “The Ballad of the Green Berets” (pictured) and angry protest songs like the Monitors’ “Greetings (This is Uncle Sam)”, about the African-American experience of war, or “Vietnam”, by a disillusioned white draftee named Bobby Jameson. The rise of black power in America went hand-in-hand with the commercial success of the Stax, Atlantic and Motown labels. Records by Stevie Wonder (his version of “Blowin’ In The Wind”), James Brown (“Don’t Be a Drop Out”) and the Four Tops (“Reach Out I’ll Be There”) were important in raising black consciousness. Savage argues convincingly that Tom Jones’s sentimental hit, “The Green, Green Grass of Home”, originally a Jerry Lee Lewis country song, was swept to the top of the charts by public emotion in Britain over the Aberfan disaster of October 1966, when a Welsh school was engulfed by a landslide. “That was the end of the Swinging Sixties,” Savage asserts. “Aberfan cast such a pall over this country.”
This was also a year of confusion and conflicting trends. The charts had not yet been taken over by “the young” and young groups were only just coming to terms with the idea that they could have a career making pop music. The music industry then was far from hip: the all-important weekly charts, for example, were as full of novelty songs and records for mums and dads (Ken Dodd, Jim Reeves) as the psychedelia targeting their teenage children. Music was looking both back and forward, a situation that was largely resolved in 1967 with the release of the Beatles’ “Sgt Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band”, and “the summer of love”. From then on, pop might be called Art.
Much of Savage’s written source material comes from unpretentious reporters on long-gone British publications like Rave, Disc and Record Mirror, who were attuned to the tastes of ordinary provincial fans. By the end of 1966, this audience begins to feel left behind, as “the serpent of self-consciousness enters the paradise of pop”. The single is giving way to the album. Musicians once content with songs of love and loss are now thinking deep thoughts. The new buzzwords are “Rock”, “Underground” and “Band” (not “Group”). Dylan has gone electric, the Stones (pictured, top) are cultivating sexual ambivalence, and the Beatles, desperate to crack their clean image, have been photographed for their next (aborted) album cover holding hunks of bloody meat. The Velvet Underground, of course, are already singing about heroin.
Despite all the nay-sayers, nostalgia for the Sixties seems inexhaustible. A 50-song, two-CD collection of songs mentioned in the book is being released, and a BBC “Arena” documentary is underway, possibly as part of an evening’s viewing dedicated to 1966. Savage acknowledges that those who buy the book will be well-off “rock dads”. This affluent demographic is the reason why so many groups of the Sixties and Seventies have dusted themselves off and returned to performing, ignoring the famous Randy Newman song, “I’m Dead (But I Don’t Know It)”. In one way he’s glad. “I notice that they have a stronger relationship with their children than I did with my father.” But the young, he suggests, always prevail in the end.
1966: The Year the Decade Exploded is published by Faber on November 19th
At a barbecue competition, a backyard chef considers the meaning of his hobby in the era of the Big Green Egg
Pandemic stimulus cheques created a new class of investors behind bars
Some refugees who went east faced interrogations. Others were met with cups of tea and kindness
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Lymph vessels and nodes of pelvis
Lymph nodes function as part of the immune system to protect against and fight infection, inflammation, and cancers. Lymph nodes are small structures that filter the lymph fluid that consists of liquids, fats, proteins, and other substances within the body. If cancer exists in the prostate, the first means it has of spreading is through the pelvic lymph nodes. Whether cancer is present in any or all of the nodes is an important factor in determining the appropriate treatment for each patient.
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By: Parrys Raines, Category: Science, Date: 14 Feb 2010
Renewable energy has to be part of the solution in combating climate change and wave energy conversion is a fantastic technology using waves to produce clean electricity.
Most of us have heard about renewable energy such as solar, wind and thermal but a lot of us know very little about wave energy conversion. Wave energy conversion has more benefits than wind and solar and Australia is not short on ocean swells.
A wave generator uses the oceans currents that pass below the generator to produce energy. A wave generator sits above the water with an underwater opening that allows the ocean swell to rise up into it and fall away. The energy that is produced is converted into air pressure which then turns a wind turbine. As the swell passes through the generator, air is pushed up inside and this turns the turbine and as the swell drops away the air creates a vacuum and this turns the turbine again. The swell creates the energy as it enters and as it exits the generator.
The benefit of wave energy is that you can predict generation up to a week in advance where wind energy you can only predict generation a few hours in advance. Wind and solar energy vary throughout any day but waves are consistent throughout the day. A huge benefit! As swells change the generators technology ensures that there is little impact on the power grid.
As we look to ways of reducing green house gas emission, this technology will hopefully be part of the solution in our futures energy production. Harnessing the oceans swell is using a resource that will not run out, the generators produces very little or no greenhouse gases and once the generators are built and in place there is very little cost.
Australia is leading the world in this unique technology and the best features of our generators are that all moving parts are above the water line which is great for maintenance and marine life and the generators do not use any oil so oil spills are not a concern either for marine life.
The decisions where to locate the generators are taken very serious and not only are the costs a big consideration but the environmental impacts, the cultural, the social, the aesthetic and recreation effects on local communities.
Our generators can be used as one standalone unit or installed in a group. These generators can be installed in many different environmental conditions.
Some people may not like the look of the generators in our oceans but I don’t mind looking at them as it reminds me of the fact that this technology is going to play a big part in our planets sustainable future and that is a very import goal.
Australia is very lucky, we are surrounded by oceans, we have lots of sunshine and many areas are very windy so moving forward and harnessing our free renewable energies just makes a lot of sense. We can keep our mineral resources for any emergencies we may have in the future. Proactive planning ensures goals are achieved and is better than reactive action when we run out of mineral resources.
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Utility Companies Want More Electric Vehicles On The Road
Utility companies are looking toward electric vehicles to revive the demand for electricity, which has been falling due to improved energy efficiency in the United States. Companies are offering rebates to help get more people to buy electric cars.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.
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This paper reviews current knowledge and experience with food-based approaches to reduce vitamin A and iron deficiencies. It presents a review of recently published literature, highlights some of the lessons learned, and identifies knowledge gaps and research priorities. Plant breeding strategies are also discussed because of their potential to increase the content of vitamin A and iron in the diet as well as their bioavailability. populations. The same question as that posed in previous reviews decades ago remains at the end of the present review: what really can be achieved with food-based interventions to control vitamin A and iron deficiency? Food based approaches could be an essential part of the long-termglobal strategy to alleviate micronutrient deficiencies but their real potential is still to be explored.
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Discover New York
Here are your 2014–2015 DNY Peer Leaders.
Faculty members develop DNY courses around the application of their own academic disciplines, employing these disciplines as the conceptual lenses to address the general framework defining DNY’s educational goals. As a result, students have the opportunity to “see” New York City through a particular academic perspective including those focused on the arts, business, social and political relationships, literature, and media in the city.
With a continual emphasis on critical thinking and information literacy skills as the primary pedagogy of learning, the city becomes the laboratory for the students’ application of the course focus. Moreover, with the course mandate for Academic Service-Learning, students experience the city as a place populated with “real people,” many of whom live in difficult situations and need assistance.
Student Development DNY
Student Development collaborates with the Institute for Core Studies administration and faculty to provide three out-of-class experiences for your DNY course. You will have the opportunity to learn about New York City through various perspectives (e.g., the arts, business, politics, religion) while exploring and enjoying the most exciting city in the world.
Some of the places you may have the opportunity to visit may include museums (e.g., Metropolitian Museum of Art, Guggenheim Museum) live shows (e.g., Broadway), New York Stock Exchange, United Nations, the Brooklyn and Manhattan bridges, Ellis Island, the Statue of liberty, and many more.
As part of Discover New York, you will also have direct access to a DNY Peer Leader, current student who are extremely involved on campus. They go through an intensive selection process and are then assigned to each course to assist the faculty and to serve as a resource and familiar face during your transition to the St. Johns community.
For office hours and locaiton, please visit the Office of Student Development.
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Just like the “death cross” in stocks, the inverted yield curve is the bond market’s version of the Grim Reaper when it comes to forecasting a recession. However, outside the capital markets in the United States, the indicator is less reliable.
The inverted yield curve occurs when the yield for long-term debt issues are lower than those of short-term debt issues of the same grade. As stock markets were getting roiled by the tornados of volatility the last few months, the possibility of an inverted yield curve was a growing concern.
On December 3, the yield curve inverted for the first time this year since the Great Recession of 2008 as the yield on the 5-year note hit 2.83, while the yield on the 3-year note touched 2.84. The inversion was even more apparent on December 4 when the yield on the 3-year note was 2.81 and the 5-year note was 2.79.
An inverted yield curve preceded recessions in 1981, 1991, 2000, and the Great Recession of 2008. With concerns of a global economic slowdown, how accurate is this indicator when it comes to economies outside the United States?
“The predictive power of the yield curve outside the United States is very flimsy at best as there are other factors at play such as heavy pension fund demand in the United Kingdom and safe-haven bid for German debt in episodes of euro zone political crisis,” said Kaspar Hense, a portfolio manager at BlueBay Asset Management.
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Study finds improving employment opportunities in agriculture
WILLMAR -- For many of today's students graduating from high school or college, finding employment can be a very difficult and even daunting experience. But for students looking to find a job or career related to agriculture, many promising opportunities exist.
According to a study conducted by Purdue University and the U.S. Department of Agriculture's National Institute of Food and Agriculture, employment opportunities for college graduates in agriculture and related academic fields are expected to improve over the next five years.
The report estimates that 54,400 jobs in agriculture-related sectors will be added annually in the United States between 2010 and 2015. In that same period, 53,500 students are expected to graduate each year from U.S. colleges of agriculture and life sciences, veterinary medicine, forestry and natural resources, and allied non-agricultural fields.
Nearly three-fourths of the new jobs will be in business and science occupations; 15 percent in agriculture and forestry production; and 11 percent in education, communication and government services.
Other fields with above-average job growth through 2015 include food science, plant science, biological engineering, veterinary medicine, special crop production, forest restoration, precision agriculture, crop management consulting, climate change analysis, distance education and natural resources conservation.
The report also found that during the years 2010-2015, 5 percent more college graduates with expertise in agricultural and food systems, renewable energy and the environment will be needed when compared to the years 2005-2010.
More than enough graduates will likely be available during the next couple of years in some occupations, but a shortfall of new graduates with preparation in priority business and science specialties is forecast in the later half of the period.
For more information regarding this report, visit: www.ag.purdue.
Bioenergy market news reports now available from USDA
Producers, consumers and distributors of bioenergy products can access crucial data through the Bioenergy Market News Reports now being made available by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Published by USDA's Agricultural Marketing Service, the primary function of the reports is to compile and disseminate information that will aid producers, consumers and distributors in the sale and purchase of their products nationally and internationally. Several of the reports will even offer information on bioenergy products.
The ethanol reports include data from six regions. The regions include Iowa, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Nebraska, South Dakota and the Eastern Corn Belt. Each report publishes daily corn bids, daily distiller grain prices and a weekly ethanol price.
A national weekly energy roundup includes prices for commodities that can be used to make energy, such as soybean oil, corn oil, tallow and greases. The prices of ethanol and biodiesel are also reported.
To access the reports, visit: www.marketnews.
Applications being accepted to perform energy audits for USDA
The U.S. Department of Agriculture is seeking applications from eligible intermediaries to help agricultural producers and rural small businesses reduce energy costs and consumption. Approved applicants will receive funding to conduct energy audits and provide renewable energy development assistance from USDA.
Administered by USDA's Rural Development, $2.4 million is being made available for energy audits during the 2010 fiscal year. The funds are provided through the Rural Energy for America Program, a program authorized by the 2008 farm bill.
The program will allow agricultural producers or rural small businesses to recover up to three-quarters of the cost of an energy audit.
Audit funds are not provided directly to an eligible producer or business, but are allocated to an intermediary who in turn provides the funds to the audit recipient.
Eligible intermediaries for energy audit grants include state or local government entities; land-grant colleges and universities; other institutions of higher education; rural electric cooperatives; and public power entities.
Rural Development is accepting applications for the program until July 26. To learn more, visit: www.rurdev.usda.gov/
Interested intermediaries should contact Paul Pierson at 507-372-7784 or paul.pierson@
USDA Service Centers closed Monday
Since July 4th is a Sunday this year, the annual federal holiday will be observed the following day. Therefore, all USDA Service Centers will be closed Monday.
Wes Nelson is executive director of the USDA Farm Service Agency in Kandiyohi County.
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Sweden (Konungariket Sverige) is a nation in northern Europe. It borders Norway and Finland. It is one of the wealthiest nations on the continent and is considered by many leftists and socialists to be a near-utopian society.
It is not known exactly how or when the kingdom of Sweden was born, though the list of monarchs is drawn from the first kings to have ruled Svealand (Sweden) and Götaland (Gothia) as one nation, beginning with Eric the Victorious. Sweden and Gothia were two separate nations long before that into antiquity. It is not known for exactly how long it existed; the epic poem Beowulf describes the legendary Swedish-Geatish wars in the 6th century. Saint Ansgar is credited with introducing Christianity in 829, though the religion didn't replace Norse paganism until the 12th century. From 1050, Sweden was counted as a Christian nation. The period between 1100 and 1400 was characterized by internal power struggles and competition among Nordic states. Sweden expanded their territory into modern-day Finland, which created conflict with the Rus. Feudalism never reached Sweden, except in the southern provinces of Scania, Blekinge, and Halland, which were owned by Denmark. Slavery also wasn't common in Sweden, and what did exist of it was driven out by the spread of Christianity. Both slavery and serfdom were abolished by a decree of King Magnus IV in 1335. Despite this, Sweden remained a poor and economically backward nation in which barter was the predominant means of exchange. In the mid-14th century, the Black Death hit Sweden, and decimated its population. The population of Sweden didn't pass the previous amount until the beginning of the 1800s. In 1397, Queen Margaret I of Denmark put into effect the personal union between her nation, Sweden, and Norway in 1397 through the Kalmar Union.
During the 1700s, Sweden emerged as an European great power. Sweden rose to prominence on a continental scale during the reign of king Gustavus Adolphus, who seized territories from Russia and Poland-Lithuania during the Thirty Years' War. During this war Sweden conquered nearly half of the states of the Holy Roman Empire, planning to rule over a united Scandinavia and Germany; however, he died at the Battle of Lützen in 1632. However, the German provinces wrested Swedish control one by one, leaving only Pomerania, Bremen-Verden, and Wismar. In the 17th century, Sweden was the largest European nation in landmass, only surpassed by Russia and Spain. Sweden also engaged in numerous wars with Poland-Lithuania, allowing Sweden access to the Baltic coast. After the Battle of Navra in 1700, Russia was so severely devastated that Sweden had an open chance to invade them; however they decided to invade Poland-Lithuania instead. This was a bad idea for Sweden as they would later have to fight against a revived Russian military and exposure to Cossack raids and the bitter Russian winter. In 1721, Sweden was forced to cede the Baltic coast to their Russian enemies, taking away Sweden's place as a great European empire and giving it to Russia.
Sweden allied themselves against their traditional ally, France in the Napoleonic Wars. Sweden's role in the Battle of Leipzig gave it the authority to force Denmark-Norway, an ally of France, to cede Norway to the Swedes, making up for the loss of Finland to Russia in 1809. During the 18th and 19th centuries, Sweden experienced major population growth, which the writer Esaias Tegnér in 1833 attributed to "the peace, the smallpox vaccine, and the potatoes". However, mass emigration to America was the only way to stop famine and rebellion; over 1% of the population emigrated annually during the 1880s. Sweden remained a poor, largely agricultural economy, even as Denmark and Western Europe began industrialization. Despite the slow rate of industrialization, many important changes were taking place in the agrarian economy during the 19th century due to constant innovations; including enclosure, aggressive exploitation of agricultural land, and the introduction of new crops such as the potato. Between 1870 and 1914, Sweden began developing the industrial economy which exists there today.
World War & Modern Era
Sweden was officially neutral during the World War, although they were put under German pressure to aid the Allies. They did take minor steps in order to hinder the Central Powers, such as allowing Germans to use Swedish facilities as well as the Swedish secret cipher. Sweden also allowed volunteers to fight for the White Army along with Germany in hopes for the two of them gaining new territory in what was the Russian Empire. Sweden still remains a neutral state to this day, though it has joined the European Union.
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Truth be told, this "lava" doesn't light up. But it's still guaranteed to generate some oohs and ahs from your kiddos. Here's how we made our DIY lava lamp.
Oil (we used baby oil, but cooking [e.g. vegetable] oil will work too)
3/4 cup water
alka seltzer tablets
empty plastic water bottle
How to Make It
Pour the water into your bottle. (Use a funnel if you've got one.) Now pour the oil in, filling the bottle 2/3rds full.
Invite your child to observe the contents of the bottle. Did the oil and water mix? The oil will be sitting on top of the water because it's the less dense of the two liquids.
Add several droplets of food coloring into the bottle. Again - observe and hypothesize. Why doesn't the oil turn color? Hint: it's water-based!
Now you're ready for the fun part. Break up a few alka seltzer tablets and drop them in the bottle. Watch the reaction (both inside AND on your child's face) as blobs of colored water rise up through the oil just like in a lava lamp!
When the fizzing stops and the oil and water separate again, you can add more tablets to keep the excitement going.
My son didn't know quite what to expect but found the chemical reaction fascinating, so much so that he had to invite a neighborhood friend over to see it, and then capped the bottle to take to his house so his mom and little brother could witness it too! And when his dad and little brother got home, yep, more tablets were added so they could also see it.
Any activity that makes my son this enthusiastic gets an A+ from me!
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Learn the Surprising Facts About Women and the Nation’s Leading Health Risk
By Brittany Taylor, DNP, NP-C
Did you know that heart disease remains the leading cause of death among women in the United States, killing a woman every 80 seconds? Heart disease also causes one in three deaths among women each year – more than all cancers combined – and can affect women at any age. Unfortunately, only 44 percent of women recognize that heart disease is their greatest health threat.*
Unique life events, including pregnancy and menopause, can impact a woman’s risk. Stress is another risk factor. It’s important for women to understand their mind-body connection, and focus on how to maintain or improve both physical and mental health. It is vital for all women to understand their personal risk factors and family history for heart disease.
About 1 in 16 women aged 20 and older have heart disease.*
Do You Know Your Risk for Heart Disease?
Personal risk factors include high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol levels, diabetes and obesity. A family history of heart disease greatly impacts your risk of developing heart disease.
Lifestyle risk factors include eating a diet high in saturated fats and cholesterol, consuming too much sodium, not getting enough physical activity, overuse of alcohol and smoking. Following a Mediterranean-style diet and participating in regular exercise can reduce your risk of heart disease by 80 percent, according to a study by the National Institutes of Health.**
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of heart disease.* CAD is caused by plaque buildup in the walls of the arteries that supply blood to the heart. For some people, the first sign of CAD is a heart attack, also known as a myocardial infarction.
A heart attack strikes someone in the United States about every 43 seconds.***
The most common symptoms of a heart attack include chest pain, shortness of breath, weakness, lightheadedness, nausea, and pain and/or discomfort in the arms or shoulder. However, women often exhibit different symptoms that may include vomiting, fatigue, and pain in the neck, jaw, throat, upper abdomen or back.
STEMI Heart Attack
An ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a more severe and dangerous heart attack that affects your heart’s lower chambers. Our team’s door-to-balloon time (D2B) – the time it takes a patient arriving with STEMI from the emergency department to receiving a catheter guidewire in the cardiac catheterization lab — is less than 90 minutes. A D2B time less than 90 minutes significantly reduces mortality and improves cardiac outcomes.
Nationally Recognized Cardiac Care, When Minutes Matter
Named by The Joint Commission and the American Heart Association, Aiken Regional Medical Centers is a certified Primary Heart Attack Center. This certification means that our team is nationally recognized for our dedication to providing high-standard cardiac care and patient outcomes.
Because one mother, daughter, sister, friend or neighbor lost to heart disease is one too many. It is never too early or too late to take care of your heart. Aiken Regional Medical Centers and
About Brittany Taylor, DNP, NP-C
Brittany Taylor is a board-certified cardiac nurse practitioner with Carolina Heart and Vascular Center. She specializes in diseases of the heart, hypertension and post-intervention therapy. As a native of Aiken, Brittany completed her Bachelor of Science in Nursing at the University of South Carolina at Aiken and received her Doctorate in Nursing Practice from the Medical University of South Carolina in Charleston. She is board certified by the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners.
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Recent Tutoring Session Reviews
"Today I met with both the student and his outgoing tutor to review their tutoring method and start working on this weeks homework. We worked on a Spanish story, questions, and drawings, English reading, and review for a History quiz on the Enlightenment tomorrow."
"The student checked his knowledge of vocabulary using a words in context quiz. I made note of words with which he still struggles so that he can practice them over vacation. We also reviewed the use of appositive phrases and introduced the use of dependent clauses at the beginning of sentences to build skills related to variety in sentence-building."
"We began the process of identifying weaknesses in grammar and reading comprehension. The student does seem to struggle with some of the basic concepts, but I hope to quickly review and move on to more advanced material."
"We covered thermochemistry and concepts such as Enthalpy, calorimetry, and state functions. The student is still doing very well and has really started to excel in her class, despite a tough professor and demanding workload."
"The student and I reviewed her gas laws notes. She didn't seem to have any trouble understanding the material and felt comfortable answering the questions. After finishing, Maggie and I worked on her algebra II homework. Her homework covered logarithms, including properties of logarithms and solving logarithms. She understood the basics, but she had a little difficulty with the more complicated problems."
"Completed first 4 pages of English final review sheets including punctuation, adj, noun, and adv clause identification, independent and subordinate phrases, reading comprehension and analysis, and subject verb agreement."
"The student began typing his heading, materials, & methods for his Science Fair Project. Also, we reviewed his spelling test. At some point soon, I'd like to work more intensively with him on teaching him how to type properly. He seems to be required to do so with increasing frequency, and typing properly would help increase his speed."
"I met with the student tonight to review the Reading section she completed for homework. She missed 14 of 40 questions, though was generally able to pick out the correct answers when I told her they were wrong. We also completed the science section we started last time. Time was a small concern here, as she left the last five questions unfinished. We went over the importance of reading the questions thoroughly and looking for keywords, and again she was generally able to pick out the correct responses. We worked through the first half of the math section of test two. The student will finish the remainder as homework, as well as review the definitions for the 12 vocabulary words I gave her this evening. It appears as though math is currently our most need-intensive area, since her adjusted score for last week's math section was a 13. However, it looks like the big review we did on Thursday was very helpful."
"Today the student and I read a new story that I brought, Cloudy With a Chance of Meatballs. This story really captured his imagination and we had a fun time coming up with alternative solutions and thinking about the setting and characters. For his online forum we wrote a response and he plans to bring the book to school to share with his class. We read two more stories where I asked him to describe the personality traits of characters, what themes were evident in the plots, and what he thought would happen next. We read two stories together and wrote a summary of one. The student struggled with pronunciation a little today, but did well in comprehending the story anyway. The student is adapting well to using the left hand and it doesn't seem to cause as much trouble as last week."
"The student and I met at the coffee shop again, and this time we took a minor break from Math while I had him work through an English and Science test. He maintained his scores. I am going to include more sections from the other subjects."
"Reviewed all vowel sounds, long and short. -Discussed the differences and how to see them when reading. -CVCE spelling pattern and the use of long vowel sounds. -Practiced spelling words and patterns. -Played a game sorting various words with the sounds and patterns."
"For pre-calculus, reviewed the concept of exponential and logarithmic functions, and how they relate to one another. Explained the concept of logarithms in a slightly different light. Practiced these concepts with one of her homework worksheets, then went on to discuss real-world applications of these kinds of functions. Then switched over to physics, and reviewed the concept of waves, and their properties like wavelength, which is related to frequency and speed, and amplitude."
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Delhi, formally the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT), is a city and connection space of India, with New Delhi as the capital of India. The Yamuna River, basically on its western or right bank, shares a breaking point with the space of Uttar Pradesh in the east and with the district of Haryana in the additional course. The NCT covers an area of 1,484 square kilometers (573 sq mi). As per the 2011 detail, the amount of tenants in Delhi valid was more than 11 million, while that of the National Capital Region was around 16.8 million. Delhi’s metropolitan agglomeration, which solidifies the outer regions of Ghaziabad, Faridabad, Gurgaon and Noida in the space known as the National Capital Region (NCR), has a typical group of more than 28 million, making it the best metropolitan district in India. additionally, the second most noteworthy on the planet (after Tokyo). To learn about open capital, follow querclubs.
The topography of Purana Qila, a middle age post on the banks of the Yamuna River, matches the wise portrayal of the stronghold Indraprastha in the Sanskrit epic Mahabharata; However, unearthings in the space have yielded no sign of an old created climate. From the mid thirteenth hundred years to the point of convergence of the nineteenth hundred years, Delhi was the capital of two basic areas, the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire, which covered enormous pieces of South Asia. The city’s three UNESCO World Heritage Sites, Qutub Minar, Humayun’s Tomb and Red Fort have a spot with this period. Delhi was an early point of convergence of Sufism and Qawwali music. The names of Nizamuddin Auliya and Amir Khusrau are evidently related in this. The Khariboli vernacular of Delhi was essential for a semantic improvement that incited the Urdu language and consequently the piece of current standard Hindi. The conspicuous Urdu writers of Delhi are Mir Taqi Mir and Mirza Ghalib. Delhi was a basic point of convergence of the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
Early middle age period
All around seven metropolitan organizations have been associated with the area of Delhi. The most settled, Indraprastha, is huge for a scholarly depiction in the Sanskrit epic Mahabharata (produced using 400 BCE to 200 CE, however portraying a previous time), which puts a city on the banks of the Yamuna River. Workmanship student of history Catherine B. As exhibited by Asher, the geographical portrayal of the Mahabharata follows quite far back to the fourteenth century AD of the Delhi Sultanate. While the Mahabharata inspects an immaculately better city with including strongholds, the unearthings show “unequivocal highlights of painted generous concealed stoneware dated to the 11th century BCE”. Disclosures have been found; no indication of a created climate, stunningly less posts, has not been uncovered.” Also, see what is union territory.
The most settled building remains date back to the Maurya period of time (c. 300 BC); In 1966, a carving of the Mauryan ruler Ashoka (273-235 BC) was found close to Srinivasapuri. The remainders of different colossal metropolitan organizations are tracked down in Delhi. The first of these was in the southern piece of present-day Delhi. Ruler Anang Pal of Tomar exceptionally created Lal Kot and different places of refuge in 1052 AD. Vigraharaj Chauhan vanquished Lal Kot in the twelfth hundred years and named it Qila Rai Pithora.
Early current period
In 1526, Genghis Khan and Timur’s overall Babur pursued India from the Fergana Valley in state of the art Uzbekistan, crushed the last Lodi ruler in the First Battle of Panipat, and spread out the Mughal Empire that managed Delhi and Agra. The Mughal association controlled Delhi for more than three centuries, with a time span a really long time during the rules of Sher Shah Suri and Hemu from 1540 to 1556. Shah Jahan fostered the seventh city of Delhi, named Shahjahanabad, which filled in as the capital. of the Mughal Empire starting around 1638 and is suggested right now as the Old City or Old Delhi.
After the passing of Aurangzeb in 1707, the impact of the Mughal Empire declined particularly as the Hindu Maratha Empire rose to noticeable quality from the Deccan Plateau. In 1737, the Maratha furnished force drove by Baji Rao I finished Delhi following their triumph against the Mughals in the First Battle of Delhi. In 1739, the Mughal Empire lost the titanic Battle of Karnal in under three hours, against a mathematically unavoidable at any rate militarily pervasive Persian prepared power drove by Nader Shah of Persia. After his attack, he totally unendingly assaulted Delhi taking gigantic flood including the Peacock Throne, Dariya-I-Noor and Kohinoor. The Mughals, disabled considerably more, would never recuperate from this stunning mishap and disgrace, which in the end welcomed more gatecrashers, including the British. Nader in the end consented to leave the city and India straightforwardly following driving the Mughal ruler Muhammad Shah I to demand thought and give him the keys to the city and the extraordinary vault. A settlement embraced in 1752 made the Marathas the protections of the Mughal raised place in Delhi. The city was sacked again by the powers of Ahmad Shah Durrani in 1757, no matter what how it was not joined by the Afghan Empire and was a vassal state under the Mughal Emperor.
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Editors Note: This post is a modified version of an article that originally appeared in the former “Virginiana” section of Virginia Memory.
The following story was gleaned from a case book found in the Western State Hospital collection (Accession 41404). Included in this volume are approximately twenty pages of physician’s entries, as well as a copy of the commitment order, a letter to the court, and several Richmond Dispatch newspaper articles relating to Mrs. Anne E. Kirby. Some of the dates and information are conflicting, but I have done my best to present the story as accurately as possible, well aware of the sometimes questionable nature of 19th century journalism and the possibility of human error within the case book entries.
NOVEMBER 21, 1865…
A shot rings out in the middle of a bustling crowd at Richmond’s Second Market. A fish and oyster vendor staggers through Pink Alley, bleeding from the neck, only to die minutes later in the back of a wagon. Several stunned witnesses pounce on the shooter. Holding the gun is the victim’s young wife, Anne, the mother of his three children. What might have driven her to commit such a bold act in a busy public place? Was the murder in retaliation for her husband’s infidelity or was it merely the work of a mad woman? Depending upon what one … read more »
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December 6, 2012
December 6, 2012
By Paul Louis Metzger
Multnomah University Professor
New Wine Skins Ministry
I took my family to see the new Spielberg movie Lincoln over the Thanksgiving weekend. The theater was packed. I sensed throughout the movie that the audience was engaged, caught up in the drama. The acting was great. So too was the subject matter. Lincoln, the man and legend, demands a commanding performance, for he seized his moment in history on the grand stage of the world and acted out his heroic and tragically flawed part to near perfection.
There is a scene in the movie, which you can watch in the official trailer (48-103 seconds), that shows President Lincoln talking with key associates and political operatives. They were quite critical of Lincoln’s drive to change the Constitution and abolish slavery at a time when the opportunity existed to bring a cessation to the war and peace with the South (which would have allowed slavery in the South to continue). Lincoln listens to their challenges and then responds with great passion, claiming that they had stepped out on the world stage and that the fate of the dignity of humanity was in their hands. They must not stop. They must not wait. He fervently exhorted them that they had to act now.
Lincoln loved theater. I recall reading how he would imitate the theatrics of preachers as he retold their sermons to his friends as a youth. He loved to tell stories to people. He often enjoyed attending productions in Washington. He even died at a theater—shot in the head by an actor whom he had earlier watched perform on the very same stage (Ford’s Theater). But this was no tall tale or great fiction. Even in his viewing box at Ford’s Theater, Lincoln was on the stage of life.
As I filed out of the movie theater with my family and a host of others this past weekend, I was left wondering if we were merely spectators. Is it only rare, larger-than-life characters like Abraham Lincoln, who perform on stage? Few people in the history of this great country are as great as Lincoln. But even Lincoln wasn’t born great. He was the most common of commoners in terms of his roots and upbringing. I guess that is part of his greatness: he did not allow his background to be an excuse or a deterrent to get up on stage. He had been seeking to move from the seats to the stage ever since he was a boy. He was not content with being a mere spectator.
We live in a culture that often divides people into performers and spectators. Even in the movie, there is a scene where Lincoln asks an aid if “we” are “fitted” (which I understand to mean destined) for the times in which we live. The aid responds that he does not know about himself, but thinks that such may be the case with the President. I believe Lincoln wanted everyone to perform on stage, including this young aid as well as slaves. Everyone is destined to be free. We should all cheer one another on to be truly free and pursue excellence as we climb on stage together, fitted for the times in which we live, seeking to act out our own tragically flawed parts to perfection, like Lincoln. Fear of failure, fear of others, fear of discomfort and pain often keep us from performing our parts well. We are often dead before we die because we fear to live. I fear at times that such paralysis grips me. Lincoln died living. He feared not living well his moment on the great stage of life. Which will it be for you—the fear to live or the fear not to live out your part well?
Let me encourage you: Don’t simply watch Lincoln. Don’t try to live your life through him. Let him inspire you with his rise from humble beginnings to greatness on one of the greatest stages in modern history to play your own part well and fulfill your destiny to care for others in need like Lincoln did, and at great cost to himself. This is no mere dress rehearsal. This is your moment. This is your life.
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Muslims around the world are celebrating Eid al-Fitr this week, one of the most important events in Islam's calendar.
The festival, which translates to "festival of breaking the fast," celebrates the end of Ramadan and is traditionally celebrated for three days.
Ramadan is one of the five pillars of Islam and marks the time when Muslims believe the Qu'ran was revealed to mankind through the Prophet Muhammad, and they therefore abstain from food, drink, and sexual activity — one of the highest forms of worship.
Eid al-Fitr is an opportunity for Muslims to gather with friends and family to feast, pray, and celebrate together.
We've gathered images from around the world to see how different countries are celebrating the religion's holiest week:
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In her special report on cyber-snooping and surveillance in Canada, Interim Privacy Commissioner Chantal Bernier took on a fast-developing issue. Revelations from documents released by Edward Snowden have raised questions about spying activities by government agencies across the world, including here in Canada.
What Ms. Bernier sees in Canada is essentially a patchwork of rules and oversight, much of it outdated, at a time when the explosion of online information has changed the way spies and police work – and what information they can gather, with or without a warrant.
Her recommendations included boosting watchdog powers, compelling Canada’s spy agencies to release more information and rewriting privacy laws, including the Privacy Act, which she notes has been essentially unchanged since before the Internet era.
Her recommendations aren’t simply aimed at parliamentarians or spy agencies such as the Communications Security Establishment (CSE) Canada and Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS), she said.
“We are looking more broadly. Yes, of course, CSE and CSIS, but there are other agencies in government that are part of the collection of personal information,” she said, adding it remains unclear what information is being collected and how it’s used.
“We don’t know, that’s the whole point. We don’t know and we want to know. Canadians want to know and deserve to know.”
While her report drew crickets in Ottawa – where ministers Rob Nicholson and Steven Blaney steered clear of it, leaving no indication of whether government may actually enact any of the changes – others welcomed it.
Here is some of the responses to the report:
Ray Boisvert, a security consultant with I-Sec Integrated Strategies and retired assistant director of intelligence at CSIS. Ms. Bernier consulted him in preparing her report.
“I like the idea the Privacy Commissioner has acted proactively on the issue, because of Snowden revelations and so many other things. People are concerned. They have some serious questions. So I think it’s very helpful to look at this from a privacy perspective,” he said, adding he supports 90 per cent of the recommendations, but has concerns about blocking police from accessing publicly available things online, including social media accounts. “What I’m always worried about is over-regulation and jamming up organizations,” he said.
Christopher Parsons, a postdoctoral fellow at the Munk School of Global Affairs’ Citizen Lab, who studies state access to telecommunications data. Some of the recommendations in the report are similar to those made before – including a call for broader powers and more robust laws to allow watchdogs to do their job.
“Many of these suggestions the privacy commissioner has put forward are indicative of that office not being able to play its role. It doesn’t have the required powers to understand what’s going on in order to a) make things right or b) blow the whistle,” he said, later adding: “Should Canadians be concerned? Yeah. What the Commissioner’s office is saying is we do a good job, we do the best we can within our mandate, but our mandate is to narrow.”
Martin Rudner, professor emeritus and founding director of the Canadian Centre of Intelligence and Security Studies at Ottawa’s Carleton University. He was also among those Ms. Bernier consulted in preparing the report.
The recommendations “would go a long way toward upgrading operational oversight and enhancing transparency over intelligence/surveillance activities that are necessarily secretive. This, in turn, would serve to foster greater public confidence in the accountability mechanisms for Canada’s Security and Intelligence community,” he wrote in an e-mail, adding that broader disclosure of information would support academic research as well.
Sukanya Pillay, Acting Executive Director, Canadian Civil Liberties Association, which Ms. Bernier consulted in preparing the report. She welcomed the call for greater disclosure.
“National security can’t be invoked as some sort of talisman that permits the state to avoid any kind of accountability with respect to what they’re doing. We need to know what they’re doing and we need to know if what they’re doing is effective. We don’t need to know the content and the specifics, but we need to know the reach and what processes are in place,” she said.
CSE spokesperson Lauri Sullivan provided the lone government response to the report (in an e-mail with “Classification: UNCLASSIFIED” stamped at the top)
She said the agency would “review” the recommendations and is already disclosing more information. “Protecting the privacy of Canadians is the law and CSE follows the letter and the spirit of that law. We have rigorous policies and procedures in place to ensure we follow the law and protect the privacy of Canadians. Under the law, CSE’s foreign intelligence mandate specifically dictates that our activities be directed at foreign entities, and not at Canadians or anyone in Canada,” she said, adding the activities are reviewed by an independent commissioner.
Wayne Easter, Liberal Public Safety Critic “We certainly welcome the report, I think there’s some good recommendations in it. I think the government should move toward implementation.... when it comes to openness and transparency, this government is usually going in the wrong direction,” he said.
Jack Harris, NDP National Defence critic “We’re being told by the [Defence] minister they follow the law [at CSE]. The question is whether the law is adequate, and what Canadians really want is to have some confidence their privacy is being protected, and that there will also be some parliamentary oversight to make sure these agencies don’t get out of hand.”Report Typo/Error
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by Mary Dobbing
One morning we headed out to listen in on a joint meeting between the seamstresses at Afghan Action and Pandora’s Hope, the APV based seamstresses. The morning was bright and cold with freshly fallen snow covering the roads and buildings. A deep blue sky spread above the snow covered mountains and the morning mist was dissolving in strong sunshine. From the car we could see men shovelling snow – with attention to the getting it off the roofs. Small avalanches of fluffy new snow fell onto the sidewalks from the flat roofs.
Afghan Action’s seamstresses are forming themselves into a cooperative and are starting to get contracts to make uniforms. The meeting was to explore whether they and Pandora’s Hope could collaborate in any way.
Two stoves were burning away with big brass tea kettles warming on top when we arrived with the Pandora’s Hope seamstresses. Afghan Action’s workshop has about thirty sewing machines and big windows looking out over a sunny courtyard with a garden and trees. There were two large cutting tables at the front and a pressing table with a sleeve press. It was a bright room with giant low energy light bulbs providing a good working light. The wood laminate floor was warm and clean, and steel girders held up the wooden roof.
Afghan Action is funded from donations from Britain, and some earnings from carpet weaving. Their seamstresses are salaried while they train for one year. Pandora’s Hope women train for a few weeks and do not receive any money. Their work space is used both as a classroom and sleeping room at other times of the day, so all the sewing machines have to be put away. There was a sense that Afghan Action’s women were better trained and they certainly had better equipment and conditions. All the women had a sewing machine permanently installed with separate tables in a dedicated work space. Afghan Action’s seamstresses have had help forming a business making garments which it is hoped will become self-sustaining. Pandora’s Hope would like to do this for their seamstresses.
The meeting was being held between the seamstresses from both ‘firms’. After Salaam’s all round, the men from each firm introduced the issues which were not translated. There were about thirty young women aged 16-17 years and four or five older women in the meeting. There were some questions and answers between the two groups including some long statements by the women. And occasionally everyone giggled covering their mouths with an end of a scarf, and then looked more serious again.
Pinned to the walls were samples of work and paper patterns. There were samples of women’s tops with gathered pleats and embroidered chest panels in several colours. There was a white lab coat and some black blouses. These samples were arranged to attract customers for contracts for uniforms.
There are specific challenges for Afghan women going into business. The women are unwilling to work from shop front premises in the bazaar. Being open to the public in a shop, and selling and displaying goods are social no-no’s for Afghan women. The culture dictates that women are confined to the domestic and family spheres. Families prefer women to work at home and all of the above are hard to do in a conservative society. Therefore their problem is how to market their products, take orders and deliver orders to customers.
Outside men were still shovelling vast amounts of snow off the flat roofs. It’s landing with resonant thumps on the walkways outside punctuating the discussion. We left the women to talk while we met with Samim (Manager of Afghan Action) in his office.
He explained that Afghan Actions’ seamstresses have had one year of training. The primary challenge is how to employ the women and promote independent and sustainable businesses after their training finishes. The first cohort of trainees has just finished and ten or fifteen of the women want to create a business together. They will need to be licensed to get investment from the Afghan Support Investment Agency (ASIA). They hope to get small contracts for uniforms for schools, hospitals, restaurants and hotels etc. As they graduate from their training Afghan Action wants to help the team to start a business. The greatest fear is that after training for a year the women will disperse back to their homes, with no work and no longer getting the training salary. Their training and the business opportunities may evaporate as though nothing had ever happened.
The global economic downturn has affected Afghanistan and the surrounding countries too, and now the orders have stopped. The options remaining for the newly trained seamstresses are:
- Local marketing – design the garments themselves and get orders from friends and relatives.
- Contract market – schools, hospitals, restaurants etc
- Make up their own designs and bring them to the market and sell to the public – traditional Afghan clothes.
While the women had their discussion we heard about another of Afghan Aid’s projects. Afghan Aid also supports carpet weaving and training. The trainees get schooling in Information Computer Technology (ICT), business skills, accounting, literacy, and a bit of English. There is a health care nurse on site to help with minor ailments.
The carpet weaving project is in its seventh year. The sewing project is in its first year. Afghan Action has registered with the Ministries of Business, Economy, Women, and Education. The trainees get a certificate at the end of their training.
The economics of both carpet weaving and sewing garments is stacked against the new Afghan Action trainees. Apprentice made goods are relatively expensive compared to factory production or imports from China and Pakistan. The income from sales of trainees’ pieces is needed to fund more trainees sustainably. Selling the pieces locally means paying a margin to a middle person which also ramps up the item costs.
The carpet weaving graduates are finding employment in the Kabul carpet factories which is a significant achievement. But the trainees’ apprentice carpets which are sold to raise funds for further trainee places, are valued at $200 per square metre which is more than the carpets from the factories cost. Then there are problems with the expense of difficult and dangerous overland transport. Exporting the carpets costs $15 per kilo in transport alone, which adds yet more to the costs of marketing the carpets outside the country.
For British outlets selling Afghan Aid’s carpets look at www.afghanaction.org
We were called back in to the meeting in the sewing workshop to hear the upshot of the women’s discussion. There had been a searching conversation. Some of the differences emerging between the two groups were:
Working hours. There was a difference in availability between Afghan Action and Pandora’s Hope women about working hours. Afghan Action will come to work whether or not there is work to do. Pandora’s Hope would find that hard to do. Working 08:00-16:00 would not be acceptable to the families of the Pandora’s Hope women.
Separation from men. Pandora’s Hope need a work room where they can be separate from men. Afghan Action’s workshop arrangements cannot guarantee this.
Wages. In a single day they need to earn 500 Afghanis (or $10) per worker in order to help their families.
International Support. They request an international supporter to provide a foreign market for goods. They think they can get a better market for their goods abroad. The middle men in local Afghan markets take a cut and this reduces earnings.
At the end of this day’s discussions, Samim told to us that the seamstresses had agreed to share marketing. But Pandora’s Hope women need to decide whether to work at home or in workshops. They are clear that at the moment their families would not let them go out to work all day. They are needed at home for childcare and domestic duties. The Afghan Aid seamstresses are able to go to the workshop in the day. The outcome of discussions on this day was that Pandora’s Hope and Afghan Action would stay separate for the time being aside from marketing.
Later, back at the Afghan Peace Volunteer’s community house we debriefed about the visit. It was explained to us that it is now the norm in Kabul for trainees get paid to do training. International non-governmental organisations have introduced payment for training and created an expectation that payment will be made. Now people no longer value skills acquisition without the inducement of payment. As well as this, Afghan Aid has the added problem with dependency and how to get the trainees to move on to gainful employment when the training (and the training allowance) comes to an end. Unemployment is estimated to be 36% but there are no reliable statistics and no social security. This is just the male population, there are no figures for women’s unemployment.
The women want to help with the family budget but they are hardly ever allowed to work. One woman from Pandora’s Hope said that coming to the sewing training was the first time she had ever been able to leave the home. The women said that there was a suspicion in their families that they will be seen by men, and that they were earning money, which can cause tensions at home. Contact with other women is important, however, for their personal and professional development. At the APV community the training space is ‘safe’ for the 5 months of the women’s training and it guarantees to the families that they will not be seen by men there.
The women come to sewing training for one hour at the APV community home. They told us that if they were ever late home after training they stood the risk of being punished. Both of the women’s training groups are of mixed ethnicity. The women can get argumentative among themselves when resolving conflicts and this can divide along ethnic divisions and suspicions. For the women who have only just come out of the house, the prospect of starting a business is unthinkable, a huge leap in aspiration. The children of the women at the sewing training come to the community’s classes and learn in mixed (ethnicity and sex) classes which helps to broaden their horizons.
The achievement of the women and the support of the Afghan Peace Volunteers and Afghan Aid cannot be underestimated. For women to get together and to be able to thrash out their business models and plans without men or managers is unusual. The aim is to let them work it all out with minimal interference unless specific expertise is demanded. The objective is an economically sustainable project which benefits the women not only through learning skills in sewing garments for sale, but also increasing women’s confidence by letting them work out how to run their business themselves.
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1. How has DACA helped you?
Not only has DACA has provided me emotional support as a young immigrant, DACA has allowed me to have a part time job while attending college and has afforded me internship and and research opportunities in my field of study. I have been able to expand and apply knowledge outside of the classroom controlled setting. I am also able to encourage and help younger students become aware of the internship and research opportunities that are available to them.
2. What is the Real Dream for you?
The Real Dream is achieved once we as the undocumented community are able to work, study, or travel freely without having to constantly worry about our status or that of our families.
3. Why is it a bad idea for Congress to increase border militarization in exchange for the safety of your support system, family, friends and community members?
It is unethical to obtain my well being at the expense of people who are in a more vulnerable situation.
4. What are some of the difficulties you face as a Dreamer living in the Southern Border Region?
Prior to DACA, I was unable to leave my border region, as there was a checkpoint at the city of Falfurrias, Texas. This meant that the opportunities for work, education, and leisure for me and fellow undocumented community members were limited.
5. Why are Dreamers important to the fabric of this country?
Dreamers are an important piece to the country’s economy by providing labor force in multiple industries. Some of these include providing customer service at retail stores and restaurants. Also, providing support and guidance to future generations as teachers or academics. Aside from being workers, we are also friends and supporters of other community members, who may or may not be undocumented. We have an impact to those around us.
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Warm regards, The team at Brek-n-Ridge Farm
This brief overview of the rules of polo is for the spectator only. Most of the rules of polo are for the safety of the players and their ponies. If you want to play, learn them thoroughly. For complete details refer to the USPA Outdoor Rules.
- Although there are many rules to the game of polo, the primary concept is safety, for the player and his mount.
- Ponies play for a maximum of two chukkers per match.
The Line of the Ball
The most basic concept in the sport of polo is the line of the ball, a right of way established by the path of a traveling ball.
When a player has the line of the ball on his right, he has the right of way. This can be taken away by moving the player off the line of the ball by making shoulder-to-shoulder contact.
A player can:
- hook an opponent’s mallet,
- push him off the line,
- bump him with his horse
- or steal the ball from him.
The umpires’ primary concerns are right of way and the line of the ball.
- The line of the ball is an imaginary line that is formed each time the ball is struck.
- This line traces the ball’s path and extends past the ball along that trajectory.
The player who last struck the ball is considered to have right of way, and no other player may cross the line of the ball in front of that player. Riding alongside to block or hook is allowed, as long as the player with right of way is not impeded.
Bumping or riding off is allowed as long as the angle of attack is less than 45 degrees, and any contact must be made between the pony’s hip and shoulder.
A player may hook or block another player’s mallet with his mallet, but no deliberate contact between players is allowed. A player may not purposely touch another player, his tack or pony with his mallet.
The mallet may only be held in the right hand. Left handed players are often thought to hit with less accuracy, but guide their ponies better than their right handed peers.
Ponies play for a maximum of two chukkers per match.
Polo detail compliments of www.polosport.com !
Did You Know…?
- While players have always preferred clothing light in weight and color, white pants or jodhpurs (tailored riding britches,) are always worn by the players as a tribute to honor the cavalry that brought polo to the western world.
- The word “polo” is actually derived from the Tibetan word “pulu” for ball.
- Trophies are presented at award ceremony celebrations at the conclusion of each tournament.
- A mallet may only be held in the right hand of the player.
- The ball is mainly struck using the side of the mallet, not the end.
- The Divot Stomp is a polo traditional that often takes place during halftime allowing the spectators to socialize and help restore the field for the second half.
See you at the games, Karin and the gang at Brek-n-Ridge Farm
CLINICS AT BREK-N-RIDGE – Facility available, stalls and excellent indoor for your clinics. Call for information
Karin, Andrew, Maryal, Kate and Liz, with Sue on her horse
Celebrating many years of training and working with Maryal Barnett, there is not a clinic that we attend or ride in where there is not something learned or better understood. A judge said to me that she didn’t learn from a certain teacher, and my response was too think about how much we can get from a Maryal Barnett clinic if we listen and watch very carefully. Maryal makes us better instructors and riders and spectators!!
“WESTERN DRESSAGE IS MORE THAN A MOVEMENT. IT’S GOING TO BE A GRAND SUCCESS. I joined up with a good number of horse trainers this week to learn more about the sport, their mission and the steps they are suggesting that we as trainers take so that we can be a part of this new sport. “
The Train the Trainers™ clinics were established by the Western Dressage Association of America in early 2012. Intense national and international demand led Frances Carbonnel and Cliff Swanson, to begin the development of a training curriculum which addressed the needs of equine professionals who were interested in training their horses and clients about Western Dressage.
Western Dressage is a synthesis of two worlds; it is the need to understand this synthesis that drives the Train the Trainers™ program. All participants leave the clinic with volumes of materials supporting the training methods delivered during the clinic.
Professionals from a traditional dressage background leave the clinic understanding more about western horses, their movements and gaits and tack.
Western professionals are able to observe classical dressage principles demonstrated on a variety of western horses. The interface between both types of participants is one of most rewarding parts of the program.
The mission of the Western Dressage Association® is to honor the horse and to value the partnership it has provided us on our American journey. Its mission is to provide a model of training and horsemanship which optimizes this partnership for the benefit of both horse and rider. Its mission is to celebrate the American West where all these things came to pass.
“Congratulations are in order for Cliff Swanson and Frances Carbonnel for putting on a two day educational experience that for me gave me what I wanted and needed. Now as a classical and western dressage trainer I am a better all around teacher because of them. By being a participant in the TTT program, I have become a part of their foundation of the educational thrust of Western Dressage.” Karin Reid Offield
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Microsoft has signed an anti-piracy agreement with HP and Samsung to ensure the installation of genuine Windows and Office software on their PCs sold in the Chinese market.
Microsoft previously announced this agreement when the company launched its latest anti-piracy campaign in Nanjing, Jiangsu province. According to the agreement, HP and Samsung will ask their direct channel partners to promote genuine software from Microsoft.
In March 2013, Microsoft signed a similar agreement with China's Lenovo, which also makes computing components. Microsoft said at that time that this kind of cooperation will extend the anti-piracy efforts to its downstream sourcing channels so as to restrict and prevent the installation of pirated Windows on PCs. In addition, Microsoft said One Zero, a Chinese information technology brand retailer, also promised to sell PCs with genuine Windows software.
Microsoft's anti-piracy campaign has lasted for many years in China. Since December 2012, the company has been promoting a campaign named Keep It Real, aiming to warn the Chinese public about the possible risks brought by using pirated Windows. In addition, Microsoft warned dozens of Chinese PC resellers, asking them to stop using pirated Microsoft software.
Microsoft said they recently purchased 221 PCs with pirated Windows for the purpose of research in China, and most of those PCs had security threats. Of the 221 PCs, 54% had malware and 56% had tampered or disabled firewalls.
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Alexander Y. Jackson
(Montréal 1882 – Kleinburg, Ontario, 1974)
Oil on canvas
128.8 x 154.4 cm
Acquired in 1936
National Gallery of Canada, 4351
© Estate of A. Y. Jackson / SODRAC (2018)
Courtesy of the estate of Dr. Naomi Jackson Groves
Photo: National Gallery of Canada
The decorative effects of Terre sauvage [Wilderness] result from the simplicity of the composition, the schematic forms and the brilliant areas of flat colour. After seeing Alexander Y. Jackson’s oils in late 1913, the Toronto Star art critic F. H. Gadsby dubbed the modernism of the future Group of Seven members the “Hot Mush School,” in reference to the colours and heavily textured paint. Nevertheless, Terre Sauvage, through its subject matter, composition and non-academic style, launched a movement that would mark Canadian art in the years to come.
In 1913, after his work met with mixed reviews in Quebec, Alexander Y. Jackson moved to Toronto. There he became friends with the future members of the Group of Seven, including Lawren S. Harris and Frederick H. Varley. It was also in 1913 that Harris and James E. H. Macdonald (1873-1932) first saw Scandinavian painting, whose style would influence their concept of a distinctly Canadian art. In this sense, 1913 was as important as 1920, the year the Group of Seven was officially formed.
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| 0.932213
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Has time rendered programming languages obsolete?
I've spent my share of time around computers. Growing up, and having a parent specializing in I.T.
Computers, hardware and software (video games too), just always seemed within my reach.
I've studied the various aspects of computers. I know a little something about their history. I know a little something about how they're made, programmed, distributed, and valued. I know a little something about their uses, why their used and such.
My discussion so-forth will focus primarily on the languages people use to program these handy inventions.
It so happened that a little bird told me about college student benefits regarding Microsoft Visual Studio. When I first obtained the software (it was free, in case you didn't know), I didn't really do much, mostly figuring what it even is (I didn't know).
Last month, I decided to invest some time with Visual Studio. I became proficient with Visual Basic in 5 days. How to make my program do what I wanted it to do became easier with each day. By day 9 I scrapped my project to learn programming. I flipped through the other environments Visual Studio boasts, vis-a-vis, I checked out the other languages.
Notions outside the realm of my focus began formulating within me.
"Someone already made software like this."
"This program needs purpose."
"Nobody needs this kind of stuff."
The point I am surfacing is this: It's halfway passed 2011. Anyone who's ever been good at coding or worked on a project, or whatever has made software that can make the computer do what you want in plain English (or whatever human language). Right? Even if I knew 4 languages inside out, anything I make would not be unique or original. Or, I could have 3 different IDEs but nothing I would code would be powerful enough to topple security of I.T. systems globally. Perhaps, knowing a thing or two about programming is useful but as of now, I reject the idea of ever learning one.
~Xxf3nxX of Team Inner-comet (Le Équipe Cométe-noyau)
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Context: One of the cardinal demands of India in the World Trade Organization (WTO) — and rightly so — has been to find a permanent solution to the issue of public stockholding (PSH) of food to protect India’s food security (PSH policy).
What it is all about?
- India’s PSH policy is based on procuring food from farmers at an administered price (MSP), which is generally higher than the market price.
The PSH policy serves the twin objectives of
- Offering remunerative prices to farmers and
- Providing subsidised food to the underprivileged.
- Such price support-based procurement from farmers is counted as a trade-distorting subsidy, and if given beyond the permissible limit, breaches WTO law.
- Currently, India has temporary relief due to a ‘peace clause’ which bars countries from bringing legal challenges against price support-based procurement for food security purposes.
- However, a permanent solution to this issue is still not in the offing.
Recent WTO ministerial meeting
- The WTO ministerial meeting in June at Geneva did precious little to address this issue.
- The declaration on food security adopted at the Geneva ministerial states that “we recognize that adequate food stocks can contribute to the realization of Members’ domestic food security objectives and encourage Members with available surplus stocks to release them on international markets consistently with WTO rules.”
- India’s concern is that it should have the policy space to hold public food stocks using the MSP, which is a price support instrument.
- However, there is no mention of price support in the Geneva declaration.
- India’s demand for a permanent solution to the PSH policy has acquired a new dimension.
- India insists that it should also be allowed to export food, most notably wheat, from the pool of the foodgrain procured under the MSP.
- This demand was recently re-articulated by Finance Minister at the G20 meeting in Indonesia.
- The Russia-Ukraine war has unleashed a food crisis in many countries. India perhaps wishes to capitalise on this opportunity.
- However, WTO law proscribes countries from exporting foodgrain procured at subsidised prices.
- There is a sound economic rationale behind it.
- Allowing a country to export foodgrain procured at subsidised prices would give that country an unfair advantage in global agricultural trade.
- As per the WTO Agreement, waivers can be adopted only in “exceptional circumstances”.
- Thus, the possibility of it recognising an ongoing war between two nations as an “exceptional circumstance” to adopt a waiver for permitting wheat exports from public stocks is profoundly remote.
What the focus should be?
- India should revisit its stand on asking for a waiver for wheat exports from its public stockholding, which, in any case, was not a part of India’s PSH policy.
- The Government’s wheat procurement has been 57.5% less than the original target for this season. So, if the public procurement has been so low, there is no point in asking for a waiver to export wheat from the public stock.
- Spending scarce negotiating capital on this issue might dilute India’s core agenda of pushing for a permanent solution for its PSH programme to attain the goal of food security and providing remunerative prices to the farmers.
- The laudable objective of helping countries facing food crises can be accomplished by strengthening India’s commitment to the United Nations World Food Programme.
- If the domestic situation ameliorates, India can lift the ban imposed on private traders to export wheat.
Negotiations at the WTO require crystal clarity of the core objectives that should be relentlessly pursued. Adding newer objectives and shifting goalposts might result in falling between two stools.
- Peace clause refers to article 13 of the Agreement on Agriculture of the World Trade Organisation.
- According to this clause, export subsidies and support measures, given by a WTO member to its producers, that are considered legal under the Agreement on Agriculture cannot be challenged as being illegal under other WTO agreements.
- The original peace clause expired in 2004. In the 2013 Bali Conference, another temporary clause of this kind was put in place.
Source: The Hindu
Previous Year Question
Q.1) Consider the following statements: (2017)
- India has ratified the Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) of WTO.
- TFA is a part of WTO’s Bali Ministerial Package of 2013.
- TFA came into force in January 2016.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 and 2 only
- 1 and 3 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 3
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Medea (mih-DEE-uh), a princess of Colchis and the wife of Jason. Medea had aided Jason in avoiding the traps laid for him by her father, King Aeetes of Colchis, while regaining the Golden Fleece. Fleeing with Jason, she had murdered her own brother to aid in the escape. In Jason’s hereditary kingdom of Iolcus, where they first settled but where Pelias, Jason’s uncle, had cheated him of his rights, Medea tricked the daughters of Pelias into murdering their father. For this deed, Medea, Jason, and their two children were exiled. The play is set in Corinth, where they went after leaving Iolcus and where Jason has put Medea aside so that he can marry Glauce, the daughter of Creon, the king of Corinth. It is at this point that the action of the play begins. The dramatic development, centering around Medea, is perhaps the finest example in Greek drama of character development. Medea changes from a woman overwhelmed with sorrow at her husband’s desertion to a woman dominated by a fury of revenge in which every other feeling, even love for her children, is sacrificed to a desire to hurt Jason. The opening situation of the play concerns a sympathetic presentation of the sorrowful plight of Medea. She has given up home and position for Jason and can belong to no other except through him; these facts are conveyed by the nurse before Medea appears. Medea cries out violently against Jason before she appears and foreshadows the destruction of the children. When she appears, she is proud but courteous and self-possessed. She expresses her ills as those of all women, but greater, and she asks the Chorus not to betray her if she finds the means of vengeance. They promise secrecy. Creon appears to pronounce a sentence of exile on Medea and the children because he is afraid of her power as a sorceress. She is able only to convince him to grant her a one-day respite. When Creon leaves, Medea reveals her more barbaric and violent side in a terrible speech in which she decides to poison Creon and his daughter. At the appearance of Jason, Medea reveals her full fury as a betrayed mistress and becomes less sympathetic. Blinded by jealousy, she exhibits passion unchecked and untamed. Aegeus, the king of Athens, suddenly appears and promises refuge to Medea if she can make her way to his city alone. Assured of a place of refuge, she calls Jason to her and, feigning sweetness and repentance, forgives him, asking only that he obtain a pardon for the children through the princess, his wife. She then gives them a poisoned robe and a golden crown to present to the princess, and they leave. When the children return, the struggle between Medea’s love for them and her passion for revenge reaches a height in a speech in which the latter triumphs. A messenger enters with news of the death of the princess and Creon, and Medea enters the house. Immediately, the screams of the children are heard. Jason enters and Medea appears above the house, in a chariot supplied by her grandfather Helios, god of the sun, with the bodies of her children. She has destroyed the house of Jason, and her revenge is complete.
Jason, the king of Iolcus, the incarnation of a moderation and wisdom that are negative, not rooted in emotion. He is presented first as the faithless husband and is unreservedly condemned by the Chorus and servants. He loves neither Medea nor Creon’s daughter. His only passion is his love for his children, which arouses some sympathy for him.
The two children of Medea and Jason
The two children of Medea and Jason, silent except for their offstage screams as they are murdered. They are central to the plot as Medea’s only successful means of revenge against Jason.
Creon (KREE-on), the king of Corinth. His sentence of exile expresses the fear of Medea’s power as a sorceress.
Aegeus (EE-jews), the king of Athens, who offers Medea a place of refuge. His appearance is a coincidence, but it provides a glimpse of Medea as she was before the disaster, a princess renowned for wisdom. The scene also emphasizes the child-motive: Aegeus had gone to Delphi because he is childless, and thus he already is in the position in which Jason is left at the end of the play.
A nurse, Medea’s devoted servant. Desperately anxious, she identifies herself completely with the cause of her mistress. She speaks the prologue.
A Chorus of Corinthian women
A Chorus of Corinthian women, sympathetic to the suffering of Medea. They swear secrecy to her revenge, though they realize the horror of the means.
The tutor to Medea’s children
The tutor to Medea’s children, a good and faithful slave. He clearly condemns Jason’s conduct.
A messenger, who brings the news of the death of Creon and his daughter.
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In 1994, Green Seal was one of the original founders of an international organization for Type 1 Ecolabels – the Global Ecolabelling Network (GEN). Although GEN has been a major advocate and motivator for its members (ecolabelling programs around the world), many in Green Seal’s community are unfamiliar with GEN.
To provide a general introduction to GEN, Green Seal hosted a webinar on January 12th that featured presentations from the Chair of GEN, Bjorn-Erik Lonn, and from representatives of Good Environmental Choice Australia (GECA) and the Nordic Ecolabel.
Check out our recordings of the presentations below.
“The idea is to clearly identify the environmental leadership products in the market, help consumers to find them, and enhance the consumer confidence that the product actually is more environmentally preferable, therefore fighting greenwashing.” – Bjorn-Erik Lonn, Chair of the Global Ecollabeling Network (GEN).
“For businesses, an ecolabel is an effective way of measuring true environmental performance, the whole lifecycle of the product and communicating these credentials to consumers. For government, ecolabels are a tool to encourage behavior change in both consumers and producers to long-term sustainability. ” – Shaila Divakarla, Standards and Technical Manager at GECA.
In 2017, Green Seal intends to host several related webinars that will dive into the purpose, processes, and positive market effects of Type 1 Ecolabels. Stay tuned for announcements of a future webinar that make take place in April 2017.
Questions or comments about this webinar? Email us anytime at Standards@greenseal.org.
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reimaginED | By Ron Matus | September 13, 2021
KISSIMMEE, Fla. – When it came time to find an elementary school for her daughter Amanda, Maria Jimenez researched several options in Osceola County before choosing Mater Brighton Lakes Academy, a charter school with a strong academic reputation and a vibe that “felt like home.” A friend with a daughter the same age as Amanda chose a different school. But a year later, when the friend saw Amanda and her classmates surging academically, the friend switched to the charter school, too.
“Parents are talking. Parents are comparing,” said Jimenez, a stay-at-home mom. “Parents are doing whatever’s best for their children.”
Booming Osceola County, just south of Orlando, is the latest hot spot for school choice in Florida.
Fueled by Puerto Rican transplants looking for better jobs and a better life, the population of Osceola has rocketed 70% in the past 10 years and more than doubled in the past 20, to nearly 400,000 people. As fate would have it, that search for economic opportunity coincides with Florida’s expansion of educational opportunity.
“Education is very important to the Puerto Rican community,” said Jimenez, who is of Puerto Rican descent and now has two children – Amanda, in fifth grade, and Jayden, in first – attending Mater Brighton Lakes. “Why are they choosing charter schools? Because they challenge students. You can tell the students are learning in a way that’s going to help them through their entire life.”
Osceola now has the highest rate of students in charter schools among the big urban counties in Florida, recently surpassing Miami-Dade. The 25 charter schools in this corner of Florida, once better known for cowboys than Boricuas, enroll more than 15,000 students. That’s 22% of the county’s public school enrollment, and up 41% from five years ago.
The trend lines belie the myths. The primary beneficiaries of choice are Black and Hispanic students from working-class families, like those who left Puerto Rico in the wake of the Great Recession and Hurricane Maria. And if choice is an exclusive tool of the political right, as choice opponents often suggest, somebody forgot to tell their parents. In Osceola, one of Florida’s fastest-growing “blue” counties, Democrats now outnumber Republicans 2-to-1.
Hispanic parents are especially enthusiastic about choice.
Florida’s public-school enrollment is 35% Hispanic. Its charter school enrollment is 44% Hispanic.
Hispanic students in Florida also make up a disproportionate share of students using private school choice scholarships and education savings accounts.
In Osceola last year, more than 3,000 Hispanic students used the Florida Tax Credit Scholarship for lower-income families. More than 350 others used education savings accounts for students with special needs. Those programs are administered by Step Up For Students, the nonprofit that hosts this blog.
Osceola County School Board Member Jon Arguello is not surprised.
But parents – especially Hispanic parents, Arguello said – also like what they see in charter schools.
“Charter schools have a more diverse workforce and smaller environments which suit Hispanic families,” said Arguello, who supports choice, including non-district options. “Hispanics, culturally, don’t like to complain about educators or medical professionals, they just quietly leave.”
Fifteen charter schools have opened in Osceola in the past 10 years. All around them, pastures and orange groves continue to sprout homes at a wild pace. The new subdivisions with palm-lined entrances are impossible to miss. So are the new churches with Spanish names, and the restaurants selling mofongo and tres leches cake.
Mater Brighton Lakes and three others in the Mater network are among the new schools.
At 12 of those schools, students of color are 75% or more of total enrollment.
At Mater Brighton Lakes, it’s 92%.
The Mater network decided to expand its Brighton Lakes location three years ago, so the same campus is now also home to Mater Academy Preparatory High School. Together, the schools enroll 1,500 students.
Serviced by the charter school support organization Academica, the Mater network has a long track record of academic accomplishment, and long standing among parents as responsive.
“We are smaller. You can make a better connection. And you can have multiple children all in one school, from elementary school to high school,” said Carmen Cangemi, a former teacher in the Miami-Dade school district who is now principal of the two Mater schools. “Parents love that opportunity.”
Many students attended other schools before coming to Mater.
Blanca Pagan, a 10th grader, described her former school as “disorganized,” with pervasive fighting and bullying. Her parents complained, she said, but nothing changed. At Mater, “I didn’t feel left out, and I became more comfortable,” she said. “Academically, it’s amazing.”
Naomy Sepulveda, also a 10th grader, said the unruly behavior of other students at her prior school upset her, but she stayed quiet because she didn’t think speaking out would make a difference. Once she got to Mater, “people listened to what I had to say,” she said. “My voice mattered.”
Mater’s high school might be smaller, but it still offers a broad array of advanced classes, electives, sports and clubs, and perhaps, given its size, even more leadership opportunities. For many parents, it’s a winning combination.
Gwyneth Williams transferred her daughter Andrea to Mater in sixth grade.
A contract negotiator for TECO, Williams said she wanted a school with a tight-knit, family atmosphere and high expectations. Now in 11th grade, Andrea has completed multiple dual enrollment courses and is on track to graduate with both a high school diploma and an associate degree.
“The teachers see the potential and the students are rising to it,” Williams said.
Arguello, the school board member, said charter schools have shown what’s possible with a model that’s more flexible and adaptable.
Going forward, he said, the district and charter sector should be partners in developing options that better serve the community.
“Hopefully the competition gets us there,” he said.
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When it comes to laundry, it’s not advisable to combine whites and colored laundry. Besides the fact that whites are very vulnerable to stains, they can get yellowish very easily, and this problem is pretty difficult to repair.
If whites absorbs sweat or are exposed to dust and certain types of detergents, their natural shade is altered. Over time, our favorite clothes will look old and dirty.
The good news is that there are many natural solutions to solve this “unsolving” problem. The whitening effect of this solution will help you fixing this stainy problem.
This ancient solution that our grandmothers used is still effective nowadays. If you want to remove the yellow stains on white clothes, you can use it with confidence.
– 2 cups (500 ml) of milk
– 1 cup (250 ml) of water
– 6 ice cubes
1. Put the ice cubes in milk and add a cup of cold water.
2. Then leave the laundry soaked in this solution for 1 hour.
3. After 1 hour, do your laundry using your usual detergent, and let them dry in the sun.
Image Credits: Textileartscenter
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(Chapter 3) what does this chapter reveal about Simon's personality
Answers 1Add Yours
In the forest, Simon is wandering alone. Simon followed Jack and Ralph halfway up the beach toward the mountain, then turned into the forest with a sense of purpose. He is a tall, skinny boy with a coarse mop of black hair, brilliant eyes, and bare feet. He walks through the acres of fruit trees and finds fruit that the smallest boys cannot reach. He gives the boys fruit, then proceeds along the path into the jungle. He finds an open space and looks to see whether he is alone. This open space contains great aromatic bushes, a bowl of heat and light. Simon eagerly takes in the complex sensations of the forest, and he stays peacefully enclosed in a "cabin" of leaves until long after day has faded into night.
Simon's experience in the jungle, which we read in detail, emphasizes his spiritual and peaceful character. The open space that he settles into in the jungle is an indication that, for Simon, the island is indeed Edenic. Unlike Ralph, who seeks to protect the group from nature, and Jack, who seeks to conquer and control it, Simon views the natural landscape as a place of beauty and tranquility. His excursion shows that he is the one character having an affinity with the natural world. There are strong religious overtones in Golding's description of the area that Simon finds. With its candle-buds, serene stillness, and leafy walls, it recalls a place of worship.
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I think in fact it would be safe to say that, besides some fairly simple prerequisites, there is not a lot in the way of 'official' teachings on ghosts. That leaves a lot of room for speculation, as long as we remain firmly grounded in Catholic doctrine. For instance, we accept that the soul is created by God and does not pre-exist. We accept that all humans are judged at their death without exception, that some go to hell, some to heaven, and some heaven by way of purgatory.
These things in mind, I think it may be fun to look into some of the speculative theology and speculation in general surrounding ghosts and other paranormal phenomena from a Catholic perspective. I'll start with a nice old book I picked up called Ghosts and Poltergeists by Fr. Herbert Thurston, a Jesuit priest who died in 1939. It mainly deals with poltergeist activity, and is heavily focussed on individual accounts.
A General View of Poltergeist Phenomena
[Part I, pages 1-4]
Although the German world "poltergeist" is now naturalized, and is often met with in the newspapers of both England and America, still an examination of standard dictionaries shows that it is a term of comparatively recent introduction. Few, if any, of those published in the last century will be found to contain in, and it is particularly noticeable that it is not recognized by The Stanford Dictionary of anglicized words and phrases (London, 1892), though this work was expressly compiled to registered those foreign importations into the language which had acquired rights of citizenship. The word does appear in the great Oxford English Dictionary in 1910, but the earliest illustration there given of its use dates only from 1871. It is certainly older than that. Mrs. Crowe, in her widely-circulated book The Night Side of Nature (1848), makes frequent use of it - once in a chapter heading. When the Spiritualistic movement started in America, more attention was naturally directed to such matters, but the earliest American example I have met of the use of this term occurs in an article copied in 1852 from the Boston Pilot which speaks as follows:
The Germans have long been familiar with a mischievous devil called the "Polter geist" whose delight it appears to be to enter houses and turn everything upside down, doing more mischief in an hour than a thousand monkeys would do in a day. It is not well to listen to these things, but really some respectable witnesses have testified that this same monkey ghost has troubled several families in England and America within the last few years.
The article was reproduced in a book Spiritual Manifestations, by Adin Ballou, which may claim to be the first systematic treatise on Spiritualism ever printed either in America or elsewhere. As Ballou's little volume went through several editions, and was republished on both sides of the Atlantic, appearing in London, and again in Liverpool, within less than twelve months, it may very easily have helped to give currency to a term previously unfamiliar to most writers of English. Moreover, the description supplied may be regarded as fairly accurate. A poltergeist is simply a racketing spirit, which in almost all cases remains invisible, but which manifests its presence by throwing things about, knocking fire-irons together and creating an uproar, in the course of which the human spectators are occasionally hit by flying objects, but as a rule suffer no serious injury.
In the last century several prominent members of the Society for Psychical Research - notably Mr. Frank Podmore from the sceptical standpoint and Mr. Andrew Lang in a more benignant vein - occupied themselves with poltergeist phenomena; but the most important contribution to the subject, definitely upholding the objective reality of these manifestations, is that published in 1911 by the late Sir William Barrett, F.R.S. Being himself then resident in Ireland, he had personally investigated two Irish cases, and he takes occasion to outline the features which are found to recur in other examples of the same type of disturbance gathered from all parts of the world. The points upon which he lays stress as characteristic of the poltergeist are the invisibility of the agents, the sporadic and temporary nature of the manifestations, and notably their dependence upon the presence of some particular individual - usually a young person and often a child - who must be assumed to possess strange, if unconscious, mediumistic powers. When telekinetic phenomena occur - and this is almost invariably the case - whether they take the form of missiles which seem to come from nowhere, or of crockery and even furniture crashing or flying through the air, the movement often seems to be controlled, tortuous and at variance with the laws of gravitation. Professor Barrett writes: -
The movement of objects is usually quite unlike that due to gravitational or other attraction. They slide about, rise in the air, move in eccentric paths, sometimes in a leisurely manner, often turn round in their career, and usually descend quietly without hurting the observers. At other times an immense weight is lifted, often in daylight, no one being near, crockery is thrown about and broken, bedclothes are dragged off, the occupants sometimes lifted gently to the ground, and the bedstead tilted up or dragged about the room. The phenomena occur both in broad daylight and at night. Sometimes bells are continuously rung, even if all the bell wires are removed. Stones are frequently thrown, but no one is hurt; I myself have seen a large pebble drop apparently from space in a room where the only culprit could have been myself, and certainly I did not throw it. [Proceedings of the Society for Psychical Research, Vol. XXV, p. 378.]
In both the cases investigated by Professor Barrett, rappings and inexplicable noises played a prominent part. The earlier occurred in 1877 at a lonely hamlet called Derrygonnelly, nine miles from Enniskillen, in the house of a farmer who had been left a widower with a family of four girls and a boy, the eldest child, Maggie, aged about twenty, seeming to be the centre of the disturbance. Strange rappings and scratchings were first heard, then objects were seen to move, stones began to fall, and candles and boots were repeatedly thrown out of the house. Several neighbours urged them to send for the priest, but the family were Methodists and preferred to put an open Bible on the bed with a big stone on top of it. Some unseen power, however, displaced the Bible and eventually removed it from the room, tearing seventeen pages right across. The freakish disturber of their peace evinced a peculiar dislike for any source of artificial light; candles and lamps were mysteriously stolen or thrown out, and Professor Barrett recounts how the old farmer told him that "Jack Flanigan came and lent us his lamp, saying he would engage the devil himself could not steal it, as he had got the priest to sprinkle it with holy water." Nevertheless the lamp, in spite of the blessing, seems to have shared the fate of the Bible. When Professor Barrett visited the scene he heard the long continued knockings some of which were "like those made by a heavy carpenter's hammer driving nails into flooring." He satisfied himself that the noises could not have been made by any of the inmates, who were all in view, and, as already mentioned, he saw a stone fall from the void. Moreover he challenged the mysterious agent of the knockings to echo by raps the numbers which he mentally indicated; which is did. Further putting his hands into the side pockets of his overcoat, Professor Barrett asked the spirit to "knock the number of fingers he held open." The experiment was repeated four times, with varying numbers, and in each case the answer was given correctly.
The disturbances which took place at Enniscorthy in July, 1910, were more dramatic, and though in this case Professor Barrett was not personally a witness of the phenomena, still the depositions he obtained from those principally concerned are so explicit and so fully confirmed by independent testimony that it would be unreasonable to doubt the facts. Apart from hammering and other noises, the prank upon which the poltergeist seemed to concentrate his efforts was the pulling off the bed-clothes and the moving right across the floor of a heavy bedstead, which, lacking one castor, was a particularly difficult object to shift from its place. Three young men slept in the room, all of whom were reduced to a state of abject terror. The principal sufferer was a lad of eighteen, named Randall. According to his account, confirmed on one occasion by reliable investigators who sat up with them, the sheets and blankets were pulled off him, he himself was dragged out of bed on to the floor, "a chair danced out into the middle of the room without anyone near it," and when all three in their fright decided to get into one bed together, "the bed turned up on one side and threw us out on to the floor, and before we were thrown out, the pillow was taken from under my head three times. When the bed rose up, it fell back without making any noise." [Proceedings S.P.R., Vol. XXV, p. 389.]
I intend to post more of this over time, in pieces around this size.
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Albany – Assembly Energy Chair Kevin Cahill reiterated his call for the Department of Environmental Conservation to extend the public review period for proposed regulations on hydrofracking:
“Time is running out to weigh in on the Department of Environmental Conservation’s proposed rules for hydraulic fracturing (fracking). Too many families, businesses and farmers are still struggling with the aftermath of flooding. FEMA recognizes this, which is why they have extended their relief deadlines. The DEC needs to do the same when it comes to considering guidelines for drilling that is expected to occur in the areas most devastated by the storms.
“Much of the region where drilling activity is expected to occur was impacted by one of the most catastrophic events ever to hit Upstate New York. Entire communities were displaced, businesses are still struggling to reopen and local governments are grappling with rebuilding. The decisions surrounding natural gas drilling are going to have a profound impact on these communities for years to come. The DEC needs to give these areas more time to give the proposal the scrutiny it deserves, especially when considering the dramatically altered landscape and outdated flood maps.
“Flooding has become an unavoidable fact of life for a significant portion of the Marcellus Shale territory. The State should take the time to update flood prevention and response plans before moving ahead with a process that could have serious environmental and public health impacts; this includes bring our flood plain maps up to date.
“In addition to the dislocation flood victims are experiencing, many now have the added burden of an uncharacteristic October snow storm. The DEC must adjust to accommodate new weather patterns brought on by climate change. I once again urge the DEC to extend the public comment period to at least 180 days and renew the moratorium on drilling in a manner consistent with the legislation passed by the Assembly.”
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Diseases don’t exist. Not in the way we think they do; just like the world appears flat but it isn’t. Functional Medicine is a way of practicing medicine that focuses on the mechanisms that are affected by our environment washing over our cells, creating downstream effects that we call “disease.”
In order to get well, you must fix the cell. Cellular inflammation is the key contributor to many health conditions and diseases. Poor lifestyle choices, genetics, and toxicity all play a part in the underlying disease process. Through specific testing and advanced cellular healing protocols you can heal the body at the cellular level.
Our comprehensive Functional Medicine program focuses on uncovering the underlying cause of disease in the body and helping to remove that cause. We strive to educate you through your entire program. You will often hear us describe this program as a “health academy,” because our goal for you is to learn everything there is to know about healing your body naturally. There will be a lot to learn, but we will walk with you through this health journey.
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The public is invited to a discussion about sustainable food systems at the 2016 Food Studies Symposium at the University of Kentucky April 7 to “share current learning, build collaborations, identify opportunities, stimulate research and envision an interdisciplinary foods program,” a UK news release says.
The panel discussion, “Building a Campus-wide, Multi-stakeholder Initiative/Program on Sustainability and Food Systems Studies: Learning from Our Leaders in the Field,” will be held from 3:30 to 6:30 p.m. Thursday, April 7 in the E. S. Good Barn, followed by a reception.
“Participants will help shape the future of food systems studies at the university,” says the release.
Invited speakers include Peggy Barlett, faculty liaison to Emory University‘s Office of Sustainability Initiatives; Tom Kelly, founding executive director of the Sustainability Institute at the University of New Hampshire; and Jane Kolodinsky, former chair of the University Food System Initiative Steering Committee and chair of the Department of Community Development and Applied Economics at the University of Vermont.
The symposium is co-sponsored by the Sustainability Challenge Grant, The Food Connection at UK and the Tracy Farmer Institute for Sustainability and the Environment. Click here for more information.
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Anonymous corporations own more and more of our cities.
Our current national confusion over wealth taxes serves only the wealthy.
The economic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has strained municipal budgets. How can cities close the gap fairly?
The Contract Buyers League thought they stamped out predatory contracts for deeds, but thanks to private equity firms, these practices targeting low-income communities of color have resurfaced.
Tiny house advocates say they’re reducing their ecological footprints, but the extremely rich beneficiaries of this concentration pose a greater threat to our environment.
Global warming can’t be legislated away.
He has public opinion on his side.
A creative solution to the predicted commercial real estate crisis could boost both energy efficiency and tax receipts.
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From alumna Sally Deneen, for National Geographic News: Raiding the bread basket: Use and abuse of the Mississippi River Basin A musty smell repels swimmers from some Iowa lakes in summer, when the bodies of water too often turn brown, green, or blue-green.
Researcher John Downing says his state is 92 percent cultivated, sofertilizers seep off croplands into waterways during rains, prompting algae blooms that can harm drinking water and make it tough to boat or catch sport fish. Less than half a pinhead of phosphorus per gallon of water-"a phenomenally tiny quantity," said Downing-is enough to turn a lake bright green.
A fleck of phosphorus fertilizer costs a farmer almost nothing. "But that half pinhead per gallon can cost society millions in lost recreational value and cleanup costs," said Downing, an Iowa State University professor whose water-monitoring group tests 137 Iowa lakes... Read and see more.
Alumna and freelance writer Michelle Nijhuis shares a post on The Last Word on Nothing blog, about the tragic plight of bats in North America.
Six Million and Counting Last year, I wrote a story for Smithsonian about white-nose syndrome, the fungal disease that’s killing cave-dwelling bats in the eastern United States. Researchers told me about watching sick, confused bats flutter out of caves in the middle of winter; about entering caves literally carpeted with bat carcasses; about picking bat bones, as slender as pine needles, out of their boot treads.
When I reported the story, scientists and wildlife managers estimated that a million bats had died since the epidemic began in early 2007. Baseline data were scarce, and the number was acknowledged to be little better than a guess. Now, after a long process of soliciting expert opinion and extrapolating from existing data, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has announced a new estimate: between 5.7 and 6.7 million bats have died from white-nose syndrome — some 85 percent of all cave-dwelling bats in infected areas.... Read more.
Recent alumnus Nathan Rice with High Country News reports on a small logging town in Washington and its controversial efforts to save a fire lookout in a wilderness area:
On a blustery summer night, the Red Top Tavern in Darrington, Wash., is nearly empty. A neon Hamm's beer sign illuminates a picture of a local logger reclining in the bucket of an excavator with the caption "Redneck Hot Tub." Above it hangs a crosscut saw, just like in every bar in every other Northwest timber town. One block down, Skidder's Bar and Grill -- the only other tavern -- was recently boarded up.
Surrounded on three sides by federal land, Darrington was hit hard by the 1990s timber wars with environmentalists that, along with economic factors, curtailed logging in much of the Northwest. Only 75 miles from Seattle, its 1,350 residents had hoped to find a new economy in the hundreds of miles of trails that lace the surrounding mountains... Read more.
Watch the accompanying video, in which former Green Mountain fire lookout "Lightbulb" Winders tells his story.
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The Kennedy Commitment
Determined to stop the spread of Communism in the early 1960s, President Kennedy increased US presence in Vietnam
In September 1945, Ho Chi Minh, a Communist, stood in Hanoi's Ba Dinh Square and quoted Thomas Jefferson. Ho was making his own declaration of Vietnamese independence from French colonial rule, which had eroded during World War II. He had been writing letters to US officials since at least 1919, when he lived in Paris and was known as Nguyen ai Quoc. In a January 1946 letter to President Harry Truman, Ho asked for American help against renewed French oppression: "The people of Vietnam earnestly hope that the great American republic would help us to conquer full independence."
Colonialism, however, was not foremost on the minds of American policy makers. Instead, they focused on the rise of an ideology that seemed to threaten US interests more dangerously than even the Nazism the Allies had just defeated: Communism.
VIETNAM AND THE COLD WAR
America’s commitment to Vietnam took root in the fluid period between World War II and the Cold War. It resulted from the intersection of geographic, ideological, and alliance dynamics, and gained additional energy from the interplay of economic and cultural concerns. Chief among these elements would be the abiding fear of Communism, which large pockets of the American public and official Washington regarded as a monolithic force bent on world domination.
But the struggle for control of the region that had come to be known as Indochina stretched back centuries, emerging in its modern form with the arrival of the French in the mid 1800s. Their conquest and colonization of Indochina would last into World War II, to be fully displaced by Japan only in the last year of that conflict. As Japanese rule crumbled in the summer of 1945, Vietnamese nationalists, organized by the Communist-dominated Viet Minh and its leader, Ho Chi Minh, declared their independence. While wartime objectives had generated sympathy for Indochinese self-determination, Cold War pressures led Washington to back France in its mission of reconquest. Unable to negotiate their way toward a satisfactory political arrangement, Paris and Hanoi engaged in sporadic hostilities throughout Vietnam, which soon escalated into full-scale conflict.
Although Washington was wary of Ho Chi Minh and his Communist Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV), the administration of President Harry S. Truman withheld its support of Paris without a more fulsome French commitment to Vietnamese independence. But following the Communist victory in China’s civil war, Soviet recognition of Ho’s DRV in early 1950, and North Korea’s attack on South Korea in June of that year, Truman committed the United States to the defeat of Vietnamese Communism. Over the course of the next four years, and as the First Indochina War became increasingly internationalized, Washington would eventually fund close to 80 percent of French war expenditures.
The danger of Communism soon had a name: the “domino theory”—a concept coined by President Dwight Eisenhower when he stated that the fall of French Indochina (today’s Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam) would topple the governments of neighboring countries and deliver them into the hands of the Soviets. This theory proved to be highly elastic, as a series of US officials applied it to American policy toward Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East, as well as in subsequent administrations.
But the length and lethality of what the French called la sale guerre, or “the dirty war,” sapped French appetites for continuing the struggle. After the fall of Dien Bien Phu in 1954, the French surrendered and the First Indochina War came to an end. The Geneva Accords of July 1954—which resulted from an international conference on the fate of Indochina—divided Vietnam into two separate regroupment zones along the 17th parallel, with the DRV exercising sovereignty in the north, and the State of Vietnam, under the leadership of prime minister Ngo Dinh Diem, holding sway in the south. Free elections, envisaged two years hence, were to unify the country into a single entity. But Diem was dubious of Geneva and never signed the agreement, predicting that “another more deadly war” lay ahead.
The elections slated for 1956 never took place, and both northern and southern Vietnam began to develop their economies and polities into fully functioning states. It was in this context that the Eisenhower administration provided economic aid and military assistance to the fledgling Republic of Vietnam, following the stage-managed ascension of Diem from prime minister to president in October 1956. Over the next four years, the United States would embark upon a program of nation-building in South Vietnam.
From 1961 to 1963, President Kennedy increased the US military presence in Vietnam, establishing the Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV) and sending thousands of US advisers to assist and train the South Vietnamese armed forces. While MACV continued to report progress in the war against the Communists, disturbing signals about the effectiveness of Saigon’s military, as well as the health of South Vietnamese civil society, began to appear in the American media. The downing of five US helicopters and the death of three US servicemen at the Battle of Ap Bac in early January 1963 captured Washington’s attention and spurred Kennedy’s increasing interest in finding out what was really happening in South Vietnam.
Less than a week after the engagement at Ap Bac, Kennedy heard a review of the battle that provided mixed signals on the state of the counterinsurgency. In this secret White House recording, Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara reports to Kennedy that South Vietnamese government forces are strengthening, and that the Viet Cong guerillas might be losing popularity: “About 800,000 villagers…appear to have shifted their allegiance from the Viet Cong …a favorable trend and one that represents a change from the past.” But, he went on to say, even with this trend, the total strength of the Viet Cong appears to be on the rise.
A week later, senior military advisors met with Kennedy prior to their departure on a fact-finding trip to Vietnam led by Army Chief of Staff General Earle Wheeler.
“We’re not killing them off as fast as they’re breeding them up there,” said General Curtis Lemay, Air Force chief of staff, “so it could go on forever.”
Three days after Wheeler and his team returned stateside, the Army chief briefed the president on the condition of the press and the US advisory mission in Vietnam. He also provided Kennedy with a series of recommendations for improving South Vietnam’s military capabilities in its fight against the Viet Cong.
“The press is resentful of the fact that two of their members were booted out of there by the Vietnamese government,” Wheeler said. “And that the government…is attempting to use the [US] press as a propaganda tool….[One of the members of the US media said,] ‘The Western press refuses to be treated this way.’ ”
At virtually the same time that the United States began to expand its military commitment to South Vietnam, it also started to think about a schedule for bringing those troops home. Planning for a troop withdrawal began in July 1962 and continued into the next year. On May 7, 1963, Secretary of Defense McNamara briefed Kennedy on the prospects for withdrawing US forces and ending the insurgency—an uprising he understood to be largely indigenous. McNamara displayed frustration with the Joint Chiefs’ plan for continued military assistance to Vietnam and laid out the context within which he believed a withdrawal should occur. The president and McNamara agreed that the withdrawal of 1,000 US advisors should take place only in an atmosphere of military success.
“When I look at what’s happened to Korea in the way of US aid, and how difficult it’s going to be to scale that aid down,” McNamara said, “we certainly don’t want to let another Korea develop in South Vietnam and we’re well on the way to doing that.”
The following day, after government forces shot and killed Buddhist celebrants in the old imperial capital of Hue, the United States' relationship with South Vietnam entered an entirely new phase. The Buddhist crisis heightened divisions among Kennedy advisors regarding their support of Diem and ushered in a period of increasing friction between Washington and Saigon. The replacement of US ambassador Frederick Nolting with Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr., a major figure in US politics perceived as being less sympathetic to Diem, heartened those policy makers who had been looking for increased leverage over Diem—and who had been thinking more seriously about the need to remove him from power. Diem’s imposition of martial law on August 21 and his government’s raids on the pagodas convinced second-tier officials in the Kennedy White House and the State Department that the time had come to seek his ouster.
Although communication with key figures in South Vietnam indicated US support for a change in leadership, the coup failed to materialize. Kennedy resigned his government to working with Diem, but also to pressuring him into making a series of reforms in an effort to maintain the pace of the counterinsurgency. A fact-finding mission to South Vietnam in late September 1963, led by Secretary of Defense McNamara and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Maxwell Taylor, outlined a program of pressure and persuasion that sought to lever Diem into making the changes Washington deemed best. As part of their visit, McNamara and Taylor met with several US reporters to discuss their coverage of the war, much of which McNamara described as “miserable.” In this audio snippet of their report back to the president, they indicate their concern about New York Times reporter David Halberstam and UPI correspondent Neil Sheehan. According to McNamara, the two were “allowing an idealistic philosophy to color all their writing.”
In addition to calling for the US government to apply more pressure on the Diem regime, McNamara and Taylor also outlined for Kennedy a plan to remove virtually all US military advisors from South Vietnam by the end of 1965.
Later that evening, the National Security Council met to review their recommendations and to draft a statement on their report for public consumption. As in the earlier meeting, Kennedy questioned the wisdom of committing his administration publicly to an American troop withdrawal. “If the war doesn’t continue to go well,” the president said, “it’ll look like we were overly optimistic, and…I’d like to know what benefit we get out [of it] at this time announcing [the withdrawal of] a thousand.”
Three days later, Kennedy continued to ruminate on the public relations dimension of an American troop withdrawal. As he did in the meetings of October 2, the president considered the prospect for troop reduction against the backdrop of the war effort, ending the conversation with the statement, “Let’s just go ahead and do it without making a formal statement about it.”
Less than a month later, on November 1, 1963, Diem was killed in a coup. Kennedy’s assassination on November 22 continues to spark debate over what his policy toward Vietnam would have been had he lived.
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Place components on ice. Mix and then briefly centrifuge to collect contents at the bottom of the tube
Note: For smaller or larger reaction volumes, components should be scaled proportionately
Accurate quantification of gene expression by RT-qPCR requires quantitation of genomic DNA contamination in each RNA sample for each gene of interest. The presence of trace amounts of gDNA does not usually interfere with quantification of high copy reference genes, but can have a significant contribution on signal for low copy genes. Even when using primers that are separated by intronic sequence or bridge exon junctions, the presence of genomic DNA can produce positive signals from amplification of pseudogene or off-target PCR product. Therefore, it is important to alwaysinclude the appropriate “no RT” or “minus RT” control reactions in your experimental design.
Since the reverse transcriptase is an integralcomponent of ReadyScript cDNA Synthesis Mix, it is not feasible to construct a formal cDNA synthesis control that includes all components except the RT. The most direct method to test for the presence of genomic DNA is to bypass the RT step and use an equivalent amount of the RNA preparation directly for PCR amplification. For example: if you start with 1 μg of total RNA for cDNA synthesis and use 1/10th of the first-strand reaction as template for qPCR; then use 100 ng of total RNA as template for the minus RT-control qPCR. Any signal from the RNA only reaction is attributable to the presence of genomicDNA.
If trace levels of genomic DNA obscure accurate quantification of your gene(s) of interest, use a high quality, RNase-free preparation of DNase I to remove residual genomic DNA (DNAse I, Catalog Number AMPD1-1KT). After the DNase digestion, it is essential to remove all traces of DNase activity before proceeding with first-strand synthesis. Suitable RNA purification methods include phenol:chloroform extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, or the use of chaotropic salts and a silica-based RNA purification cartridge or column(GenElute™ Direct mRNA Miniprep Kit, Catalog Number DMN10). Simple “heat-kill” procedures or the use of inactivating slurry solutions are not compatible with ReadyScript cDNA Synthesis Mix.
cDNA - Complementary DNA (cDNA) is a copy of DNA from a single-stranded RNA or messenger RNA (mRNA) template that is made by the enzyme reverse transcriptase. cDNA can be converted to DNA by DNA polymerase. cDNA, like its template RNA or mRNA, contains only certain fragments of the entire genome and can be useful for studying the expression of specific genes. A cDNA library is a collection of cDNA usually organized by gene.
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"Hey, I have a 1.2ghz athlon, and I'm wondering if anyone has any good tech web sites regarding... different things I can do with this."
"I have a cheap Gigabyte motherboard. What would be the best thing I can do with this?"
Tell us the model number and the experts here will advise you.
"Also... is overclocking the motherboard bus speed the same as upping the voltage? or are they different things? Thanks."
No. Two different methods to achieve overclocking. Increased bus speed to get overclocked and increased voltage to stabilize the CPU.
"Is it possible to swap a motherboard/processor and still keep the current components I have on my computer, running fine?"
Yes. But it is advised to do a complete 'fresh' install when changing the motherboard since there will be different components on the motherboard that will require different drivers. Doing a fresh install makes sure that all of the old drivers which exist on your system now are removed by the format/re-install.
Current Main Rig:
AMD FX55 @ 2.9 GHz
2 GB PC 3200 DDR RAM
ABIT KN8 SLi motherboard
ATI X1900XT O/C to XTX speeds
AMD Athlon XP 2500+ Barton @ 2387 MHz. (217*11)
512MB DDR RAM @ 436 MHz. (PC 3700)
Abit AN7 motherboard
BFG GeForce 6800GT OC!
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Two friends who first met in Afghanistan met again Saturday at Saint Mary's College. Razia Stanikzai and Suzanne Griffin became friends in 2002 when they both worked for the International Rescue Committee in Afghanistan. Stanikzai was working on education for girls in her native country and Griffin arrived as a consultant for the worldwide organization. Afghan Stanikzai and American Griffin instantly became friends despite their very different cultures. "I was working on educational programming for girls when I met Suzanne," said Stanikzai. "She had come to Afghanistan to be a consultant, and I helped her understand our culture." "I knew she was a very smart woman, but during the time we worked together women were not allowed too much schooling." said Griffin. "I immediately thought of Saint Mary's and what a wonderful education I received and knew that would be the prefect place for her." Griffin contacted friends who were able to secure a scholarship for Stanikzai that she found out about at her reunion. "When I arrived for my 2002 class reunion, I found out that Razia had won the scholarship and would be able to study here," she said. Stanikzai is now a sophomore at the college majoring in psychology. "I was going to major in education, but it was too American for my culture," she said.
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“Have you ever wanted something so much that you can’t imagine your life without it? For me, that’s dance.”
Chloe Bayliss is a storyteller, but she hasn’t always been a writer of stories. Well versed in storytelling through performance as a dancer and actor, this is her first book. The reason she has written her story now is to share the extremely challenging hurdles she has overcome in her life to become who she is today, hopefully inspiring others in the process.
Chloe is an ordinary girl with an extraordinary passion, a passion for dance. Starting when she was three years old, Chloe was in training to become a professional ballerina. Along the way there were many things that had to be sacrificed, time with friends and family, holidays and weekends away but her passion gave her a single focus and that was what drove her to push her body and mind to extreme lengths.
It was clear that she had the ability and commitment to be a professional dancer and at 16 years old, finally her time was coming. She had completed a gruelling round of auditions in the US and secured herself a spot in a Washington dance school. She had almost completed her diploma and was in rehearsals for the performance of a lifetime with dancers from the Australian Ballet when the plan started to unravel.
First there were aches and pains, then there was the overwhelming tiredness and headaches and soon after she found herself in the hospital emergency room and no one could tell her what was wrong. And so began Chloe’s struggle for survival.
Spending days in hospital where Chloe’s life is suspended in time, not knowing what is wrong with her and when or if things will start to turn around, she was encouraged by her doctors and mother, to write. Chloe began to keep a journal and spent hours writing about her experience, how she was feeling and what her days consisted of. She has drawn on these while writing her story.
This is a gripping and eye-opening tale, yet it’s also heart-warming and inspiring. It’s about adapting, it’s about pushing yourself to achieve your dreams and sometimes having to face the fact that you can’t control what life has in store for you despite hard work and careful planning and overwhelming passion. The resounding message is that the most important thing is to have wonderful support around you and to always keep hope.
Written for young adults, Chloe is an inspiration in not only her achievements but what she has overcome to get there. The book will have teens thinking about what is important in their lives and who they would be there for or could rely on in times of trouble. It’s very readable, Chloe has a wonderfully accessible and engaging style – you may find your teen with their nose in this book until they reach the last page. She’s also the kind of author that they’ll be interested in hearing from again so keep an eye out for events. For teachers there are also notes available via publisher Pantera Press.
Helpmann Award nominee and finalist in the prestigious 2016 Heath Ledger Scholarship, Chloe Bayliss is one of Australia’s finest emerging actresses. She has numerous credits across stage and screen, including her role in the TV Week Logie Award nominated drama Doctor Doctor which is now filming its fourth season and will air on Nine later this year.
Chloe has an extensive background in dance and choreography, having graduated from the National College of Dance with a Diploma of Dance and Performance. Her life as a dancer has taken her all over America and she now extends her knowledge to students and performers throughout Australia by running workshops, teaching and judging dance scholarships.
Chloe hopes to spark conversation around a number of matters she is passionate about, using her own story of overcoming hardship to inspire and bring awareness to others.
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The remaining eight presidential candidates (two Democrats and six Republicans) have a slew of hot-button issues that they're itching to tackle. Social Security, healthcare reform, and national security are all toward the top of the list. However, if the candidates were to listen to the American public, they'd be tackling the marijuana debate head on.
Marijuana's unstoppable momentum
Since California first legalized medical marijuana in 1996, 22 additional states, along with Washington, D.C., have followed suit. In addition to patients having access to new pathways of treatments for a variety of diseases (including glaucoma and certain terminal cancers in most states) residents in four states -- Colorado, Washington, Oregon, and Alaska -- have OK'd the use of recreational marijuana.
The numbers, both sales and polls, show that Americans are very much excited about the potential expansion of marijuana. Gallup's latest marijuana poll released in October showed that a whopping 58% of respondents would like to see marijuana legalized. This tied the highest percentage on record for a Gallup poll on marijuana's favorability, and it's up substantially from the 25% favorability registered just two decades ago. Favorability toward medical marijuana is even more robust, with 84% of respondents from a CBS News poll in 2015 expressing that they'd like to see the substance approved for medical use.
State regulators are also thrilled with the early results -- and it's causing non-legal states to take a second look. Colorado wound up reporting nearly $1 billion in sales in 2015, and Washington totaled more than a half-billion in sales. Tax and licensing revenue being generated from retail marijuana sales has been a big help in adding funding to Colorado's education system, as well as its law enforcement budget.
Here's your cheat sheet on where the remaining eight candidates stand on marijuana:
Legalize it all
Bernie Sanders: There aren't too many candidates in this year's election that are willing to take the previously taboo stance of calling for marijuana's full legalization, both medically and recreationally, at the federal level, but this year Democratic Party candidate Bernie Sanders has done just that.
In fact, Sanders introduced legislation, known as the Ending Federal Marijuana Prohibition Act, in the Senate during November, making his views on the illicit substance very clear. While Sanders has stated that marijuana "wasn't for him," he views the drug war on marijuana as wasting government resources. If you are strongly in favor of sweeping marijuana legislation, Bernie Sanders is the candidate you'll want to be closely monitoring.
Legalize medical marijuana, recreational maybe
Donald Trump: Another controversial, non-establishment candidate that's drawing a lot of attention in this election is Donald Trump. Although Trump has mostly made waves for his views on immigration, Trump has potentially gained some supporters based on his views of marijuana.
When it comes to recreational marijuana, Donald Trump has proposed more of a wait-and-see approach. In a recent interview on Fox News, Trump iterated that he wanted to "see what the medical effects are." However, when pressed for his opinion on medical marijuana, Trump noted that he was "a hundred percent" in favor of medical marijuana's legalization.
Support states' rights, but not federal legalization
Ted Cruz: Viewed as one of the Republican front-runners, Ted Cruz has taken a view on marijuana that pretty much supports the status quo. Cruz went on the record in April 2015 on the Hugh Hewitt Show saying marijuana's legislation is an issue states should be allowed to deal with. Cruz said at the time that it's "appropriate for the federal government to recognize that the citizens of [Colorado and Washington] have made that decision."
On the flipside, Cruz has also suggested that if a marijuana initiative were brought up in his home state of Texas he would vote no. He's also previously criticized (in 2014) the Obama administration for allowing states to legalize marijuana. If Cruz becomes president, don't expect much to change.
Hillary Clinton: Clinton, the other Democratic Party front-runner, has a far less progressive view from her main rival Bernie Sanders, although it's worth noting that Clinton's stance on marijuana has evolved in line with the opinion of the general public.
When it comes to medical marijuana Clinton is completely in favor of ongoing research into the potential benefits of the drug, but would likely restrict access (until all the safety data is in) to extreme cases of need/compassionate use. By a similar token, Clinton has taken a wait-and-see approach to recreational marijuana. She doesn't appear to have an issue with states legalizing and regulating the drug on their own, but she's been clear that nothing would change federally until a complete safety profile of marijuana has been established.
Mostly against it
Marco Rubio: Florida senator Marco Rubio, one of the leading presidential candidates for the Republican Party, has a generally negative approach to marijuana's momentum. In fact, if he became president he'd consider using his "Marcomentum" to stamp out recreational use of the drug entirely. When questioned on Meet the Press in August 2015, Rubio clearly stated that he'd enforce the federal law when it comes to recreational marijuana. He's previously been on the record suggesting that there's no responsible way for recreational marijuana to be used.
However, Rubio is open to lifting the federal ban on medical marijuana if it's shown by the Food and Drug Administration to demonstrate medical benefits. Researchers are still gathering plenty of data on marijuana, so it'll likely be years before they have enough data to take to lawmakers.
Jeb Bush: Former Florida governor and Republican presidential hopeful Jeb Bush joins a very crowded field of candidates that still stand mostly against legalizing marijuana. Bush has generally avoided discussing marijuana during debates, but he's taken a pretty one-sided stance against the substance.
During the September GOP debate, Bush announced that while he had tried marijuana in his younger days, he views drug use in general, which includes marijuana, as a serious problem. He also voiced that he had voted no to a medical marijuana law in his home state of Florida.
It is worth mentioning that Bush has somewhat supported compassionate use of medical marijuana, but in general he views marijuana to be a gateway drug regardless of whether it's for medicinal or recreational purposes.
Ben Carson: Republican presidential candidate and retired neurosurgeon Ben Carson takes one of the toughest stances on marijuana among the remaining candidates. While speaking with Glenn Beck in October, Carson announced, without hesitation, that he would "intensify" the war on drugs, and that he completely disagreed with the idea of legalizing recreational marijuana. Carson went on to argue that he believed marijuana was a gateway drug to considerably more harmful and/or addictive and damaging substances.
The one ray of sunshine for marijuana supporters is that Carson does believe marijuana could be helpful in instances of medical compassionate use.
John Kasich: Ohio governor and Republican presidential hopeful John Kasich joins Rubio, Bush, and Carson among those who offer very limited support of marijuana as a whole. Following the defeat of Issue 3 in Ohio this past November, which would have legalized medical and recreational marijuana, Kasich went on the record with Stephen Colbert on The Late Show by reinforcing his belief that recreational marijuana "is a terrible idea." Kasich's main concern revolves around the perceived double-standard of telling kids not to do drugs, but that marijuana is OK.
On the other hand, Kasich is for the idea of decriminalizing marijuana so the vast majority of offenses aren't jailable, and he would push for medical marijuana legalization if, and only if, the FDA determined that it was safe and offered medical benefits.
Sean Williams has no material interest in any companies mentioned in this article. You can follow him on CAPS under the screen name TMFUltraLong, track every pick he makes under the screen name TrackUltraLong, and check him out on Twitter, where he goes by the handle @TMFUltraLong.
The Motley Fool has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days. We Fools may not all hold the same opinions, but we all believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.
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it's the only way you'll truly appreciate
If you've found a way to be perfect, sell the answer and buy an island, if not I'm going to assume you are human. Being open about who you are, to yourself and with other's, eliminates the pressure of keeping up an impossible facade. It's freeing. Minus Jesus Christ, no one can be on their "A-Game" 24/7-365; It's not realistic and people may began to loathe your presence because they can't relate to your perfection. "Real recognize real" and when you allow yourself to be human, people instantly connect with you because they can see a piece of you that is also in themselves.
I'm a big proponent of loving yourself and throughout self evaluation we may find more imperfections or discover that we may even be the cause for some of our low points; allow yourself to be okay with those findings! Those findings are what will make you and your life experiences uniquely different from someone elses. Imperfections alone are something to embrace and what you don't like, you're always free to change.
There's a saying that goes, "Sunny days wouldn't be the same if it wasn't for rain and joy wouldn't feel so good if it wasn't for pain." That saying reminds me that a little pain and rain can play a vital role in the extent to which we appreciate the joy and the sunny days in our life. I believe once we embrace the natural ebb and flows that come with being human, the awareness can go a long way towards truly appreciating the times when you're peaking towards personal greatness.
Hit me up or leave a message below.
Keep Going, Keep Growing
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Denmark Metadata on International Merchandise Trade Statistics
Comtrade Explanatory Notes
Metadata on (i) Trade System, (ii) Trade Valuation, (iii) Commodity Classification, (iv) Trading Partners (Origin/LastKnownDestination), and (v) Exchange Rate.
National Compilation and Reporting Practices (NCDP)
The Trade Statistics Branch of the United Nations Statistics Division has conducted national compilation and reporting practices surveys in 2006 and 1996. They contain metadata, inter alia, on coverage, trade system, commodity classification, valuation, quantity measurement, and partner country.
2006 Survey: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/tradereport/countryform_MM.asp?cid=208
1996 Survey: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/tradereport/countryform_MM.asp?cid=208
A summary of the surveys and comparison between 2006 and 1996 results, as far as possible, are available on the main page:
Comtrade Publication Notes
Information as to when and from where data was received:
Information on Population Scope/Item Coverage from OECD
OECD metadata on population scope and items coverage of international trade:
Responsible Agency, National WebPages for Data and Metadata
• Responsible agency and national web page: www.statbank.dk
• Data: Statistics Denmark website http://www.statbank.dk/statbank5a/default.asp?w=1024
• Metadata: http://www.dst.dk/HomeDK/TilSalg/doga/ExpoLanding/EXPO.aspx
IMF Data Dissemination Standards GDDS /SDDS on Merchandise Trade
The IMF's data dissemination standards consist of two tiers: the General Data Dissemination System (GDDS), which would apply to all Fund members, and the more advanced Special Data Dissemination Standard (SDDS), for those member countries having or seeking access to international capital markets. In general, a country subscribes to either GDDS or SDDS.
SDDS provides information on Trade Data Coverage, Periodicity, and Timeliness, Access by the Public, Integrity, Quality as well as Contact Persons.
Additional Information about Country Metadata
Other information regarding the metadata provided by the country.
For concepts and definitions, please go to the Glossary of this Knowledgebase. http://unstats.un.org/unsd/tradekb/Glossary/.
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Passports and Visas
To enter Belize, only a valid passport is necessary for citizens of the United States, European Union countries, Australia, Canada, CARICOM member states, Commonwealth realms, Great Britain, Switzerland, Hong Kong, Mexico, Costa Rica, Chile, Guatemala, New Zealand, Norway, Iceland, Tunisia, South Africa, and Venezuela; no visa is required. Nationals of most other countries require a visa and/or clearance by the immigration office. Check the Belize Tourist Board website for updates on visas. You can also check with the Belize Immigration and Nationality Department, the Embassy of Belize in Washington, DC, or other Belize embassies.
If upon arrival the customs official asks how long you expect to stay in Belize, give the longest period you might stay—you may be granted a stay for up to 30 days on the tourist stamp you'll receive for your passport on entry—otherwise, the official may endorse your passport with a shorter period.
You can renew your entry permit at immigration offices for a fee of BZ$50 per month for the first six months; after six months, it costs BZ$100 a month for up to six more months, at which time you may have to leave the country for 72 hours to start the process over (sometimes this rule isn’t enforced). Note that renewals aren't guaranteed, but normally are routinely granted.
If you're young with a backpack and entering Belize by land from Mexico or Guatemala, there’s a slight chance you’ll be asked to prove you have enough money to cover your stay. You're supposed to have US$60 a day, though this requirement is rarely enforced. A credit card also may work.
Citizens of the United States, Canada, and most other Western countries do not need a visa when entering Guatemala from Belize.
Info in Belize
Belize Immigration and Nationality Department (822/0284 in Belmopan. www.governmentofbelize.gov.bz.)
Belize Tourism Board (64 Regent St., Belize City, Belize. 227/2420 in Belize; 800/624–0686 toll-free in U.S. and Canada. email@example.com. www.travelbelize.org.)
Belize Tourism Industry Association (BTIA) (10 N. Park St., Belize City, Belize. 227/1144. www.btia.org.)
U.S. Passport Information
U.S. Department of State (877/487–2778 passport information. www.state.gov.)
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Pension is an integral part of the armed forces’ terms of engagement. This year, for the first time in the history of independent India, the government will spend more on paying pensions than on purchasing weapons and weapon systems. Thus, concerns have arisen that the pension budget is unsustainable and would hinder India’s defence capabilities, especially during these trying times. Reforms must be ensured as soon as possible to address this issue and also to safeguard the needs of the ex-servicemen.
Why the defence pension in India needs a relook?
- With around 1.4 million personnel on active duty, India has the second-largest standing defence force in the world after China.
- As all personnel are discharged or retired from service with a mandatory pension, there are currently more than 32 lakh defence pensioners and approximately 55,000 pensioners are added every year.
- Considering that the armed forces personnel retire at a relatively younger age, the pension liability lasts for over a long period, putting pressure on the government’s budget.
- Defence ministry received 4,71,378 crores under the Union Budget 2020-21.
- This is an 8.5% increase from the last year’s budget estimates.
- Majority of this increase has been allocated to pensions, salaries and allowances.
- In fact, 28% of the ministry’s total budget has gone towards the payment of pensions and another 28.9% have been allocated for salaries and allowances.
- The pension budget has increased more than 10 times between 2005-06 and 2020-21 due to the armed forces’ unique terms of engagement and successive improvements made in the pension entitlements.
- The defence budget has grown at an annual average rate of 9%.
- This rate of growth is far faster than the pace of increase in the overall budget and the capital outlay.
- This has increased the share of pensions in the defence ministry’s budget, indirectly affecting the capital outlay of the defence services.
- Defence expenditure constitutes 15.5% of the central government’s budget and 2.1% of India’s estimated GDP for 2020-21.
- Considering these aspects, there is a need to explore ways to contain defence pension so as to free more resources for modernisation and other aspects of the Indian defence.
Will defence pension continue to grow in the coming years?
The defence pension will keep on increasing because of the following reasons:
- The 1980 SC judgement in DS Nakra & others vs. Union of India stated that none of the past pensioners could be left out from the purview of any improvements the government makes in the pension structure of its current employees.
- This has led to the revision of all past pensions by the application of ‘liberalised pension formula’ that was earlier introduced for those retiring on or after 31st March 1979.
Growth of defence civilian pensions:
- While there will be a gradual reduction in the number of civilian defence pensioners (covered under Defined Pension Scheme or DPS) over the next 2 decades, it will be partly offset by the new addition from the current serving defence civilian employees, whose current held strength is nearly 4,000.
- Even if the currently held strength does not increase further, and 40-50% of the serving lot are still covered under the DPS, nearly 1,60,000 to 2,00,000 will gradually but eventually join the pensioner pool till around 2035.
- Thus, the defence civilian pensions will continue to grow for the next two decades.
- All the present defence civilian employees, who are covered under the DPS, will be eventually be replaced by new recruits under the National Pension Scheme, a defined contributory scheme.
- The government’s contribution to the NPS for the civilian recruits, which requires lesser spending than that of DPS, will nonetheless add to the pension budget.
OROP scheme and CPC recommendations
- The One Rank One Pension (OROP) scheme and the Central Pay Commission recommendations have provided a periodic spurt in the pension budget, especially that of the defence personnel.
- The OROP, which was introduced in November 2015, involves the payment of uniform pension to the Armed Forces Personnel retiring in the same rank with the same length of service, irrespective of their date of retirement.
- Under the OROP scheme, any future enhancement in the rates of pension will be automatically passed on to the past pensioners.
- The equalisation of pensions happens every five years. The first equalisation was carried out with effect from July 1, 2014.
- However, the next equalisation due on 1st July 2019 was not carried out because of the complications in implementation. It is currently examined by a committee constituted by the defence ministry in June 2019.
- While the 6th CPC implementation has doubled the pension budget in just 2 years, the OROP and 7th CPC led to an increase of 46% in pension expenditure in just one year.
Ever-increasing defence pensioners:
- The defence pension will continue to grow because of the higher life expectancy of the present and future pensioners.
- The high life expectancy would lead to fewer pensioners moving out of the government’s pension pool, while the annual addition of pensioners will keep the pool growing at a much faster pace.
How is defence pension governed in India?
- Several rules, regulations and notifications issued from time to time govern the defence pension in India.
- The current colour service period (minimum period a soldier has to serve before retirement) is 17 years and services in the armed forces become pensionable after completion of 15 years. This means that every soldier serving for a minimum colour period is also eligible for the pension.
- Currently, India has around 40 types of pensions.
- Pension is largely disbursed by the Defence Pension Disbursement Offices of the defence ministry and also by the commercial banks.
- The main types of defence pensions include service pension, ordinary family pension (in case of natural death of the individual), special family pension (in case of death attributable to military service), liberalised family pension (for the family of a soldier killed in the war, war-like operations etc.), disability pension and war injury pension.
What are the recommendations provided by various committees?
Despite numerous discussions, little has been done to reform the defence pension. Some of the salient reforms suggested by several committees/commissions include the follows:
Kargil Review Committee (KRC):
- Constituted in 1999 under the chairmanship of late K.Subrahmanyam, KRC was among the first few expert bodies that called for the containment of the defence pension, especially of the Army.
- It observed that the Army pension bill has increased since the 1960s and is becoming an increasing burden on the national exchequer.
- It called for the reduction of the colour service period from 17 years to improve the age profile of the army and to reduce the pension cost.
- To safeguard the career prospects of the army personnel, the committee had also called for recruiting of paramilitary personnel as per the national military standards.
- Those selected will be sent for training to be absorbed in the Army for the period of colour service before reverting to their parent paramilitary formation.
- This suggestion is not yet been adopted by the government.
Group of Ministers (GoM):
- Set up in 2000, the GoM examined the KRC’s recommendations and had pointed out two key manpower issues that had a significant impact on the defence pension – age profile and lateral entry.
- Like the KRC, the GoM had also voiced the concerns regarding the unfavourable age profile of the defence forces and had called for the reduction of the number of colour services.
- If this recommendation had been implemented, there would have been a significant impact on the pension, as the reduction of colour services below the pensionable service of 15 years would have led to many retiring without a pension, like it was before 1976.
- Though the GoM recommendations do not refer to the KRC’s indirect mode of recruitment, reference was made regarding the lateral entry in paramilitary forces as part of solutions to reduce colour service and pension burden.
AV Singh Committee:
- Set up in 2001, the AV Singh committee’s recommendations were limited to the officer cadre of the armed forces.
- To improve the age and command profile of the officers, the committee had suggested time-scale promotion of officers of up to Lieutenant Colonel or equivalent rank and creation of nearly 2,650 senior-level posts at the level of Colonel and above ranks.
- To reduce the financial implications caused by the increase in the number of posts at the senior level and early promotion of officers, it called for having 50% of the officers cadre as Short Service Commission officers.
- However, the induction of SSC officers never reached the 50% level as recommended by the AV Singh Committee.
- Furthermore, in due course, the majority of male SSC officers were given permanent commission – a privilege that is now extended to the female officers of all three services through the Supreme Court interventions.
- Thus, the original intension of the AV Singh Committee with regards to the reduction in age profile and better promotion prospect and lower pension burden has not been realised.
Standing Committee on Defence of the 14th Lok Sabha:
- This committee took up the GoM recommendations, including the reduction of colour service and provisions for lateral entry into the paramilitary force for detailed examination.
- Though no new recommendations were made, several key issues that have hindered further progress were pointed out. These issues related to:
- Fixing the inter-se seniority of the transferees in relation with original inductees of the CAPF without adversely affecting the latter’s promotion prospects.
- Disparities in the pay and allowances and perks of the CAPF and Army transferees
- Issues of reservation of backward classes, women and state-wise quota in relation with no quota system in the armed forces
- Adverse impact on the age profile of the CAPF due to the lateral entry from the defence forces
5th Central Pay Commission:
- The 5th CPC, which presented its report in 1997, may have been the first expert body to have pointed out the manpower issues of the armed forces in a comprehensive manner.
- This commission called for the restructuring of the armed forces with a 30% reduction in manpower strength in 10 years.
- The downsizing of the armed forces was recommended to reduce future pension liabilities.
- The commission made numerous other recommendations related to the pension issue.
- These include the reduction of colour service and lateral induction into both the defence and non-defence sectors and withdrawal of the armed forces from the non-core functions.
- It also called for massive “civilianisation of posts in static, rear and administrate support organisations and workshops in the three services”. This recommendation is significant because the cost of the civilian employee (both while in service and post-retirement) is less when compared to a combatant.
7th Central Pay Commission:
- The 7th CPC, which presented its report in November 2015, is the first to directly refer to the National Pension Scheme as a possible option to curtail defence pension liability.
- It called for the implementation of a Defined Contribution Scheme for defence personnel.
- Under this scheme, an employee makes a contribution and a suitable amount is contributed by the government so that a sizable corpus is built up.
- On the issue of lateral entry into the CAPFs, the commission recommended the following measures:
- The primary focus of lateral entry into the CAPFs should be on personnel retiring from the ranks of Sepoys or their equivalents as opposed to personnel from other ranks
- Sepoys, after completion of seven years in the armed forces, should be given an option to transfer to the CAPF with seniority and pay being protected
- Those joining CAPF after seven years of service in armed forces must be given a one-time lump sum amount, which should be 10.5 times the last pay drawn. After joining CAPF, they would continue until the retirement age and be covered under the National Pension Scheme.
- The vacancies of Constables in the CAPFs may be filled from Sepoys leaving after 7 years.
What are the arguments against reducing colour service period?
Past recommendations have called for the reduction in colour service from the current 17 years. The implications of these recommendations include the follows:
- This intangible element has a high impact on military effectiveness.
- While pay, perks and privileges may not be the only factors affecting the morale of the soldiers, the honour and pride associated with being duly compensated remain imperative to enhance functional efficiency and performance under the most difficult operations.
- An infantry soldier in general duty is trained for specialist functions after 6 to 7 years of service.
- To release a soldier at this stage is a waste of a valuable asset after years of training and investment.
- Furthermore, the existing rank structure permits promotion and upgradation only after a certain number of years of experience, qualification in training courses and other examinations.
- These aspects also commence only at around 7 years of service. Any attempt to circumvent this would disrupt the organisational requirement of rank and service-specific demands of a battalion.
Lack of experience:
- It is not necessarily a young soldier with two to three years of service who is considered the fittest for battle as a solider with more than five years in the army often is more experienced and adept to soldierly responsibilities.
- The induction and training of soldiers are not based on their intake qualifications. Rather, it is based on how a battalion grooms and moulds them.
- This is why an infantry battalion places more faith in highly experienced soldiers.
- Reducing the colour services to seven years would mean a much faster turnover of soldiers.
- This would, in turn, require frequent upgradation of training infrastructures to carter for additional trainees.
- There will also be an increased demand for instructors and support staff, which then would negate the logic of the colour service reduction.
- If the reduction in the coloured service period is implemented, it would apply to those in specialised services of the armed forces. These individuals are highly educated and trained manpower. Constant training of new recruits in these areas would require high investment and a longer time.
What are the recent proposals put forth by the DMA?
The new Department of Military Affairs, which is headed by the Chief of Defence Staff General Bipin Rawat, has announced a major reform for the military to curtail the pension bill. These include the increase in the retirement age of officers and reducing pensions for those seeking Pre-Mature Retirement (PMR).
Increase in retirement age:
- The age of retirement has been increased for senior defence service officers – colonels, brigadier and major general and their equivalent ranks in the Indian Navy and Indian Air Force.
- The retirement age of Junior Commissioned Officers and Other Ranks in Logistics, Technical and Medical branches have also been proposed to be increased.
- As for the Indian Army, the Army Ordnance Corps, Electronics and Mechanical Engineers and the Army Service Corps have also been included.
Reduction of pension:
- Another proposal is that officers who retire prematurely should get only a certain percentage of the stipulated pension.
- Under this proposal, those with 26 to 30 years of service would get only 60% and those with 31-35 years of service would get only 75% of entitled premature retirement pension.
- Only those officers retiring with over 35 years of service would get full pensions.
- The aims of these reforms are to:
- Retain highly skilled manpower within the Services
- Discourage officers from leaving the force in their prime.
- Reduce the size of pension liabilities
- Reduce the cost of training recruits at more frequent intervals.
What are the issues with the new proposals?
- Implementation of these proposals would mean that top officials the steep pyramidal hierarchy of the Services would continue to fill their present posts for a longer period.
- This would lead to the stalling of promotions, which would exacerbate the fraught situation wherein officers who are not up for promotions would have to continue serving at their current ranks for a longer time in order to qualify for a full pension.
- Recruitment and retention at lower ranks would lead to many questioning why they should bother serving 20 years or more for half the pension.
- The motivation of the armed forces is vital for ensuring successive defence system. It would be unwise to retain dissatisfied officers at the cost of reducing the pension bill.
- These reforms further curtail perks and privileges. This makes the task for selectors at the Service Selection Board much more difficult.
- These reforms are seen as “bad for the individual and worse for the organisation”.
- There are a set number of vacancies in each rank and the increase in the retirement age will reduce the number of vacancies as well as increase stagnation and supersession in the defence service.
- Apart from the ethical questions around abruptly and drastically changing the terms of service and pension, the other issue with the proposal is that these changes are outside the jurisdiction of DMA.
- Alteration of terms of employment and pension structure does not come under the purview of the GoI (Allocation of Business) Rules, 1961, under which DMA’s responsibilities are codified.
- In addition, these proposals will also skew the average age of the military, which would undermine the measures taken over the past years to keep the forces “young and fighting fit”.
What can be the way forward?
National Pension Scheme (NPS):
- The NPS was introduced for all central government employees in 2004.
- However, the armed forces personnel were excluded because their working conditions are different from the civilian workforce of the government.
- However, the central armed police force (CAPFs) personnel were included in the NPS, though their working conditions are different from their civilian counterparts.
- Under this scheme, a subscriber can contribute regularly in a pension account during his/her working life, withdraw a part of the corpus in a lump sum and use the remaining corpus to buy an annuity to secure a regular income after retirement.
- This scheme can also be used to bring down the defence pension cost.
- It can be reformed for the armed forces so that they can receive more benefits than the civilian workforce.
Lateral entry of the armed forces:
- Lateral entry of the armed forces personnel into the CAPFs and state police can reduce the pension bill.
- However, this should not be done at the cost of the already slow-moving career of cadre officers.
- Lateral entry ensures defence personnel receiving financial security and the recipient organisation receiving trained soldiers without the gestation period of recruitment and initial training.
- Since alternative career is offered, no special pensionary benefits to compensate for the short tenure at the armed services would be needed.
- There will be no reduction in employment opportunities because the fall in the number of vacancies for recruitment in these organisations would be compensated by a corresponding rise in opportunities in the armed forces.
Reverse Lateral shift:
- 30-40% of personnel selected for CAPFs could be trained and inducted into the armed forces for about 5-7 years. They could then be reverted back to the CAPFs.
- Training and service in the armed forces can be considered as a cross-attachment.
- This ensures CAPF personnel receiving experience in anti-terrorist operations, counter-insurgency operations and disaster management duties.
- They could be members of the NPS during their army attachment and should be permitted to transfer the NPS scheme to their respective CAPFs.
- This would considerably reduce the expenditure on training and training infrastructure of CAPFs while also reducing the defence pension.
- This scheme could be extended to the state police and select civil organisations at the state and central levels.
- A joint recruitment board consisting of representatives from CAPF and defence forces headquarters could be constituted to select officers and jawans for the lateral shift or reverse lateral shift.
- Screening for lateral shift should be carried out after 5-7 years of service in the defence forces in a way that there is a balanced age profile in both organisations.
- In the case of reverse lateral shift, selection should be immediate after recruitment in the CAPFs.
- Lateral shift and reverse lateral shift ensures substantial financial savings in recruitment, training and training infrastructure.
- It will also provide alternative employment for defence personnel retiring in their youth.
- This will keep the armed forces young and ensures a select percentage of CAPFs and police personnel are trained in the military environment.
- To provide longer career prospects to the personnel retiring early from the armed forces, the government has mandated reservation of jobs that includes 10 to 24.5% in various central government ministries/departments, public sector enterprises, nationalised banks and 100% in the Defence Security Corps.
- However, the strength of ex-servicemen in these jobs was just 1.94% due to the lack of training and qualification.
- These posts can be utilised by the central government to reduce the pension burden. Necessary training and skill development can be ensured in this front.
Streamlining of pensions:
- In cases like the Defence Security Corps (DSC), which provides security to defence ministry sites, the personnel get a pension from the new organisation after serving minimum tenure as well as the from the earlier Service, leading to them receiving two pensions.
- This can be streamlined to be more financially rational.
- The suggestion of releasing soldiers after 7 years of services can be an option for a few.
- It should be allowed based on the individual’s choice and the willingness of the army to relieve them provided it does not adversely affect the operational efficiency of the regiment.
Reducing operational costs:
- Structural changes must be undertaken within the armed forces through greater integration, indigenisation of defence production and removing redundantness.
- This requires the government’s support to ensure optimum results.
- The initiatives to reduce officers in the army headquarters, rationalising the numbers within field formation, looking at the option of joint theatre commands are all steps in this direction.
- This will reduce the number of soldiers, thereby lowering pay, allowances and pension costs.
- This is a better option than keeping the existing size of the army and lowering the coloured services of the soldiers.
- Outsourcing can reduce payment and pension liabilities.
- Sub-contracting non-critical tasks like transportation of goods and other logistics in non-sensitive areas and maintenance and repair of equipment eliminate the necessity to maintain large specialised cadres to cater to these needs.
- The Indian Navy is already outsourcing for various operational requirements like ship rift and overhaul, engineering, technical support, IT, dredging and so on.
- In doing so, salaries and training liabilities will remain constant and pensions will be eliminated altogether.
In the current geopolitical scenario, it is vital to allocate funds towards modernisation of the defence forces. At the same time, it is equally important to guarantee long-term health and welfare of the backbone of the armed forces – its people. Reforming based on these aspects is vital for ensuring national security of the country.
Practice question for mains:
The newly established Department of Military Affairs has proposed numerous measures to curtain the increasing pension liabilities. Analyse the consequences of these measures and provide solutions to safeguard the interests of ex-servicemen. (250 words)
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Taliban seize international hostages from helicopter
A helicopter carrying foreign nationals made an emergency landing due to poor weather conditions in Afghanistan, where they were seized by the Taliban.
• A daily summary of global reports on security issues.
BBC News reports that the civilian helicopter was carrying seven Turkish construction workers, two Russian pilots, and an Afghan when it was forced down by bad weather and seized by insurgents in the Azra district of Logar province, located south of Kabul. The Taliban confirmed to BBC that they were holding the group.
There are conflicting reports on the exact composition of the captured group. Reuters writes that there were eight Turks and only one Russian pilot, as well as an Afghan, while Agence France-Presse cites the group as containing only eight Turks and one Afghan. An emailed statement from Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid said the crew included American military officers, but the insurgents frequently make false battlefield claims.
Turkish Foreign Ministry spokesman Levent Gumrukcu told the press that the captives were believed to be in good health, and that Turkish officials were in contact with their Afghan counterparts about the situation, reports Reuters.
American military newspaper Stars & Stripes reports that the helicopter came down next to a former medical clinic that is now being used as a military post by the Taliban, according to Logar Provincial Council member Dr. Abdul Wali Wakil, who is from Azra district.
Wakil said he and other provincial representatives are working with tribal leaders to negotiate for the hostages’ release and warned that it was not the time for military action. He said the Taliban are strong in the area and that no other insurgent groups operate there.
“The Taliban took them to the mountains,” Wakil said. “Right now we are seriously looking into this issue because we are afraid if a military action is taken, maybe it will have negative results, maybe civilian casualties or damage.”
The BBC notes that civilian helicopter flights occur frequently in Afghanistan, averaging 100 per day across the country, and are a "vital link for remote bases, carrying workers and supplies." Reuters adds that crashes and "hard landings" are relatively frequent occurrences there.
Reporting last March, when a Turkish helicopter crash in Afghanistan killed at least 12 soldiers, The Christian Science Monitor noted that Turkey contributes 1,845 troops to the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force (ISAF). Most of those troops are stationed in Kabul.
The Monitor also noted that while most of the Western nations that contribute forces to the ISAF are growing weary of the conflict in Afghanistan and are under pressure from their respective publics to withdraw, Turkey has a much closer connection to the country. As such, incidents like last year's crash – or this weekend's kidnapping – are not apt to change attitudes in Ankara toward Afghanistan.
“Turkey sees opportunities in Afghanistan quite differently than France would or any other player in Western Europe,” Candace Rondeaux, the International Crisis Group’s senior analyst for Afghanistan, told the Monitor last year. "There are cultural ties, there are ethnic ties, historical ties, and all of these factors play into the calculus of how Ankara would view an incident like this."
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Book of the Fourth World: Reading the Native Americas Through Their Literature
At the time of its "discovery, " the American continent was identified as the Fourth World of our planet. Today the term has been taken up again by its "Indian" or native peoples to describe their own world - both its threatened present condition and its political history, which stretches back thousands of years before Columbus. Using indigenous sources as primary sources, Book of the Fourth World explores the landscapes and chronologies of this world as they have been seen and interpreted from the inside. Mapping the continent by this literary means, it pays particular attention to the well-documented traditions of the Nahuatl (Aztec) and Maya to the north of the isthmus, and of the Quechua-speaking Inca to the South. According to both the literary evidence and the testimony of native Americans themselves, notably at the Quito Conference of July 1990, an underlying coherence is to be found in the creation story told in the "bible of America, " the Popol vuh of the Quiche Maya. A classic of world literature, this 16th-century work sets out a story of evolution understood by Europe only hundreds of years later; its natural philosophy is now being defended, as a way of life critical to that of the planet itself, in the tropical forests of the Amazon. Taking a skeptical view of the 1992 quincentenary and respecting the testimony of the Indians themselves, this study brings together a wide range of evidence from what is now Latin and Anglo America. In doing so, it offers detailed analyses of texts ranging far back into the centuries of civilized life that antedated Columbus.
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America as the Fourth World
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Carbon nanofibres can reduce upholstered furnitures flammabilityDecember 14th, 2008 - 1:14 pm ICT by ANI
Washington, December 14 (ANI): A new study suggests that the flammability of upholstered furniture can be dramatically reduced by adding a small amount of carbon nanofibres to the polyurethane foams that are used in them.
Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have found that adding carbon nanofibres to the polyurethane foams can reduce flammability by about 35 percent when compared to foam infused with conventional fire retardants.
The finding is significant because treating mattresses and upholstered furniture used in public spaces with fire retardants can help reduce fire fatalities and injuries and, thereby. decrease damage costs.
The researchers said that they added carbon nanofibres to the foam because they knew that adding nanoparticles to a polymer normally increases the viscosity, and thus it does not flow as easily.
The carbon nanofibers help prevent the foam from dripping in a pool under the furniture and increasing the fire intensity, said Jeff Gilman, leader of the Materials Flammability Group in the Building and Fire Research Laboratory.
The team said that experiments conducted by them had shown that carbon nanofibres seemed to create a thermally stable, entangled network that kept the foam from dripping.
They revealed that their study involved small-scale experiments.
These small-scale experiments correlate well with the fire behavior of larger foam samples and are easier and less expensive to conduct. The small-scale tests will allow us to cost-effectively perform more experiments and help us find an optimal fire retardant faster, said Gilman.
Carbon nanofibers are still more expensive than conventional flame retardant materials, but because the price is decreasing and so little needs to be used, they could soon be an affordable and effective option, Gilman added.
The scientists said that they would continue studying the mechanisms that reduce flammability and dripping.
They would also work with chemical companies, nano-additive suppliers, flame retardant suppliers and foam manufacturers to test new blends of foam and carbon nanofibres to improve flame retardant material. (ANI)
Tags: carbon nanofibers, fire behavior, fire fatalities, fire intensity, fire research laboratory, fire retardant, fire retardants, flame retardant materials, jeff gilman, mattresses, nanofibres, nanoparticles, national institute of standards, national institute of standards and technology, national institute of standards and technology nist, polyurethane foams, public spaces, scale tests, upholstered furniture, viscosity
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It is said that King George V’s Dent watch struck 11 just as the Great War ended. And of course Remembrance Day is always observed at 11:11 with two minutes silence.
The Dent Ministry Evolution chronograph is a limited edition stainless steel watch with a 43mm hardened case, water resistant to 100 metres.
Nobly proportioned, with a classic circular based design, the watch is modelled on Dent chronometer no. 633 which was taken aboard the H.M.S. Beagle in 1831 to accompany Charles Darwin on the voyages around the world that lead to his revolutionary publication on the theory of evolution - “The Origin of the Species”.
The watch is powered by a Dent calibre 301 automatic chronograph, based on the reliable Valjoux 7750. The silvered dial features Roman numerals, hour, minute, seconds, 30 minute & 12 hour recorder and date.
The watch comes on a black, hand stitched, rolled edge, double sided Alligator strap with high grade stainless steel buckle.
Of course, Dent history is almost as illustrious as that of the British Empire itself. One of the oldest watch and clockmakers in the world, Dent built the world's most famous clock in the Palace of Westminster, commonly referred to as Big Ben.
The company held the commission to service Big Ben, the clock it created in 1854, right up until 1971. Dent was also commissioned to produce the platform clock for St Pancras International Station as part of its £800 million restoration. It was installed in November 2007 and unveiled by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh.
The Ministry Evolution chrongraph will be limited to just 250 pieces worldwide and will cost £4,895, enough to put a 'dnet' in your pocket if not on your wrist. However, there’s a waiting list for all Dent watches so if you want a little piece of British history on a strap, the best you can do is get your order in now.
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Ten Reasons to Teach and Learn Computer Programming in C
Harry H. Cheng
Writing computer programs to solve problems is a basic skill all students
There are many popular programming languages.
Students nowadays typically get exposure to more than one language.
Which computer programming language should students know
so that they will not miss fundamentals of computing?
Which computer programming language should students
learn first to gain computer-aided problem solving skills?
I started my computing career using computers with punch cards and BASIC.
Later, I learned FORTRAN 77, Fortran 90, and numerous computer
Based on my teaching, research, and industrial experiences,
the answer is C for the following reasons.
Last updated on May-30-2011
I hope you enjoyed reading this article.
You may find my other relevant article
C for the Course
C is one of the foundations for modern information technology (IT) and computer science (CS).
Many working principles of IT and CS, such as
programming languages, computer architectures, operating systems, network communication, database,
graphical user interface (GUI), graphics, image processing, parallel processing,
multi-threads, real-time systems, device drivers, data acquisition,
algorithms, numerical analysis, and computer game,
are based on or reflected in the functionalities and features of C.
The experience in C
will help students understand the working principles
of these important concepts in IT and CS.
Therefore, C is required for the CS major in almost all universities.
C is the most commonly used programming language
Academic institutions have a mission to teach technologies that are widely used in the real world so that students have the skills and knowledge that employers need. More than 90 percent of the programs running on our desktops, from operating systems and e-mail clients to Web browsers and word processors, are written in C or its relative, C++ which has extensions to C.
Most games and underlying robot control software are
written in C or C++. With the
knowledge of C, students will not only be able to play games and robots, but
also understand their underlying working principles and potentially develop
their own games and robots.
The Programming Language Popularity Web site
and Programming Community Index ( www.tiobe.com)
are two of the best known and most authoritative statistical sources.
In the Programming Language Popularity Website (dated in June, 2010), C tops the list,
C++ ranks the second, Java is the third as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1: The popularity of different programming languages.
In the Programming Community Index (dated in June, 2010),
C and C++ together are the dominant number one (27.6%,
with C for 17.9% and C++ for 9.7%)
with a huge distance from the number two among all existing programming languages.
Java holds the second spot (18.0%).
Matlab and Fortran have much lower market shares.
Matlab ranks 15 (0.6%) and Fortran ranks 35 (0.4%)
C is the language of choice for programming embedded and mechatronic systems with hardware interfaces.
C is the language of choice for harware interface.
C allows you to access the memory of a computer or microprocessor to
manipulate and play with bits and bytes.
Device drivers of new hardware devices are typically written in C.
Often, C is the only choice and the other alternative is tedious, low-level programming using an assembly language.
Therefore, C is the de facto standard of high-level programming language for hardware interface.
As a hardware interface language, C is used commonly for data acquisition and real-time control of embedded and mechatronic systems.
C is especially useful for applications such as control of robots.
The underlying algorithms for control robots are always written in C.
Often times, users will also have to write C code to control a robot.
For example, programming robots in the FIRST Robotics Competition is typically
accomplished in C.
Many hardware and software vendors even provide libraries of C code for hardware interfaces. C is also the most widely used language for programming embedded processors, which control everything from automobiles, industrial machinery, medical equipment, and household appliances to traffic lights, vending machines, cell phones, and toys. Of the 9 billion microprocessors manufactured in 2005, 8.8 billion were embedded into products. Most of them were programmed in
C or assembly languages.
C is one of the most commonly used programming languages
in colleges and universities.
Computer programming is an essential skill for advanced studies in
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields.
Like in industry, C is also
one of the most commonly used programming
languages in colleges and universities for teaching and research.
Experience indicates that the gateway courses on C or C++
in colleges are often difficult for freshman college students.
C or C++ is required by not only CS major, but also many
other majors in colleges and universities.
C or C++ is the gatekeeper for the Computer Science major in many universities.
With experience in C, students are well prepared for advanced studies
in colleges and universities.
Note that many embedded systems do not support C++.
Therefore, learning to develop programs using a strict C, without advanced C++ features,
is critical for many applications including interface to hardware.
C++ is a superset of C to a certain degree. However,
C++ is a lot more complicated than C.
Unfortunately, without a solid foundation in C,
it is impossible to fully master object-oriented and
many other advanced features in C++.
C is the base for almost all popular programming languages.
C is the language of choice for system programming.
Because of the performance and portability of C,
almost all popular cross-platform programming languages and scripting languages, such as C++, Java, Python, Objective-C, Perl, Ruby, PHP, Lua, and Bash, are implemented in C and borrowed syntaxes and functions heavily from C.
They share the similar operators, expressions, repetition statements, control structures, arrays, input and output, and functions.
Furthermore, almost all languages can interface with C and C++
to take advantage of a large volume of existing C/C++ libraries.
Many of their toolkits, modules or packages
are written using C or C++.
For example, a scripting language typically
uses wrappers around a C or C++ library to create a toolkit or package.
Any emerging popular cross-platform languages
will very likely also be written in C
and must be designed to be able to interface with existing
C excels as a model of programming languages.
C does an excellent job of illustrating the underlying working principles of
computers, scientific computing, and disciplined software development. Students gain valuable knowledge of such fundamental programming concepts as data types, internal data representations,
operators, expressions, loops for repetitions,
control structures, arrays, input and output, functions, debugging, etc.
Studying C provides a solid foundation for students who want to learn
advanced programming skills such as object-oriented programming,
event-driven programming, multi-thread programming, real-time programming, embedded programming,
network programming, parallel programming, other programming languages,
and new and emerging computing paradigms such as grid-computing and cloud computing.
Once students have learned C, they can pick up any other languages
Certain languages and tools are typically used
to solve domain specific problems.
the ability to understand and learn new languages is important.
All other modern languages borrowed heavily from C.
Once students learned C, it is easy for them
to learn by themselves any other computer languages
without much difficulty.
On the other hand, even if students have learned other programming
languages or visual programming, it is generally
still quite difficult for them
to learn C by themselves, especially for difficult topics such
as pointers and linked lists.
Computer programming in C needs a disciplined approach.
Many people believe that if students start with computer programming
using a typeless scripting language first, then they would have even
harder time to learn and master C afterwards.
C is a standardized programming language with international
The standardization encourages diverse implementation
by different vendors and organizations.
Unlike proprietary languages such as Matlab and Mathematica,
a standardized programming language is not controlled by a single vendor.
A standardized programming language is stable and its evolution is overseen by a technical standard committee made up of business, academic, and organizational representatives with a stake in the language.
The existing code written in a standardized language
is less likely to break even if compilers or interpreters
from different vendors are updated or developed years later.
This means what you learned and
wrote 30 years ago won't be obsolete and are still useful today and in the future.
The first C standard, C89, was released in 1989 by the ANSI X3J11 and ISO S22/WG14 C Standard Committees. The second (and latest) C standard, C99, was ratified in 1999 and added many new features, such as complex numbers, variable length arrays for numerical computing, and support for 64-bit computing.
All existing code conforming to the C89 standard can run in
a C compiler or interpreter conforming to the C99 standard.
As a contrary example, there is no standard for Python.
Python 3.0 breaks the code, packages and modules written for the previous versions of
Computer programming is becoming a necessary skill for many professions.
Writing computer programs is essential to solving complex science
and engineering problems.
Many principles and concepts in
STEM disciplines can be illustrated
and reinforced through writing programs. C and C++ are more widely used
in STEM fields than any other programming languages such as Java, Fortran, or Matlab.
The notion that only future computer scientists or IT professionals need training in computer programming is no longer true. Outside of the IT industry, knowledge of computer programming is an essential skills
for careers not only in STEM fields, but also in marketing, advertising, journalism and the creative arts.
For example, market researchers may have to use or write programs to
analyze a large set of data.
Computer programming can develop student's critical thinking capabilities.
Developing a program to solve a practical problem involves many
creative works, including design, logic reasoning, math, etc.
It can help students find practical applications
of many math concepts such as variables in Algebra I and trigonometry.
Debugging a program can also help student improve their
reasoning and logical thinking capabilities.
The computer-aided problem solving capabilities can be trained using C.
The article Structured Programming Education Requirements for Aerospace Engineering
(E. Allen Arrington,
49th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Orlando, Florida, Jan. 4-7, 2011, paper number: AIAA-2011-466)
contains three-year surveys with Department Chairs,
employers, and young professionals and detailed analysis about
structured programming education requirements for aerospace engineering.
One of comments made by a young professional is that
"I have a masters degree in dynamics and controls, despite the fact that C was never emphasized. The entirety of my
education was using MATLAB. Now "in the real world" I am not asked to work on controls systems, as I do not have the C
experience that is expected. According to potential employers, this lack of object oriented programming (C and C++) education has left a glaring hole in my resume. Now, I graduated with honors, so I can only blame this lack of knowledge on my school, due to the fact that the coursework was not required for either the undergraduate or the graduate degree."
In the article
Why Software Is Eating the World published in the
Wall Street Journal,
the co-founder of NextScape, said
"many people in the U.S. and around the world lack the education
and skills required to participate in the great new companies coming out
of the software revolution. This is a tragedy since every company
I work with is absolutely starved for talent."
If you have any comments and suggestions, please feel free to
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The year end finals are on our doorstep and with that all the anxiety that comes with it. Test anxiety is normal, as a matter a fact some anxiety actually improves your concentration and sharpens your brain function. But what happens when your test anxiety is so bad that it prevents you from achieving your goals
Test anxiety now has become more than just a bit of the jitters, but rather a conscious problem that needs managing. For any of you reading this, feeling that your anxiety is more than most I would recommend that you take control of it, because as society and the adult world evolves, they are less understanding towards uncontrolled anxiety, you need to find your center.
Today I though I can try and help you anxiety driven students, with these simple but effective anxiety controlling techniques.
1. Study Effectively and Efficiently
One of the very best choices you can make as a student in your first semester is to find out exactly what is the best study methods and study spaces will work for you . Some people simply have to read through their textbooks and make a few highlighter marks here and there. Others, like myself are not such a student, I’m one of those that benefited from brain maps, colouring sections, summaries, rhymes and flash cards.
I strongly suggest you find you study method first and fast. Studying through the night, reading and writing pages of summaries and not yielding the result you should, is the most frustrating part of your college years.
Remember there is time for play, sleep and work.
When you play, play like there is no tomorrow
When you sleep, sleep like the dead
When you work, work with focus, concentration and no procrastination.
Knowing you study the most effective and efficient way for you will definitely improve your anxiety levels, simply by ensuring you did your best;)
2. Find what works for you
One of my college friends actually had a bad case of test anxiety. He eventually manage to get his anxiety to a manageable level, but it took the persistence of the Energizer bunny to overcome this matter.
One of his methods was to have a routine, an exam day routine. He would study has hard as he can, get a proper nights sleep and go to the gym early in the morning and have a healthy breakfast. There were of course various aspect to this routine, but the point is he find a “To-Do list” to calm himself down.
Finding a way to clear your mind, bring silence to the panic and control to the anxiety is key in managing your test anxiety and improving your test results in the end.
Finding your center and keeping your fears at bay will ensure an easier and happier expierence
3. Nutrition improves test anxiety
You shouldn’t forget to eat and drink while studying and writing the exam. Also don’t think sweets are the best think, it actually can cause your blood sugar levels to spike and drop before you are even done with the exam. I suggest you have a good size breakfast, not massive – you don’t want to be overfull the morning of your exam. Also have some water and maybe dried fruits ready to take into the exam (pre-wrap them in some glad wrap to prevent any noise).
Try and avoid:
- Sugar items, such as candy and soda drinks
- Caffeine can increase your anxiety, not to much coffee.
4. Exercise improves test anxiety
Exercise is one of those immediate tension, stress and anxiety relievers. It is good to try an make the time to go for a morning jog around campus in the month of testing as well as the day of testing.
Nothing bad can come from regular exercise. As exercise will only help your anxiety, stress and ensure you are a healthier fitter person. Get into a regular exercise routine, it doesn’t have to be long, but spending ten minutes a day is way better than nothing everyday.
5. Get the ZZZ’s in, it improves test anxiety
Sleeping is there for your mind to have time to organise and process information, put files in place and juck those taking up space. This process needs around 8-10 hours of sleep a night. Make sure you get at least 7 hours a night throughout the month. The night before the exam you should aim for 10 hours.
Some health benefits to sleep:
- Improve Longevity
- Improves Memory
- Improves Physical performance and stamina in athletes
- Improve Mental Vitality
- Improves your Weight Control
- Improves your Stress levels, Anxiety and Depression
- Improves your Sex Life
6. Inform your Prof of your test anxiety
You should inform your prof of your test anxiety, and you should also ensure that your proff understands how much of an obstacle it may be. Your educator might have a different way to testing your knowledge. They might also be inclined to give you a bit more time, evry bit of advice and help can improve your results.
7. Do you have a learning disability?
Don’t be shy to get yourself tested, there are no shame. Only victory can come from this. Understanding how your body and mind works is every individuals responsibility. If you have attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or dyslexia then you should know about it. Most learning disabilities can be improved, even at a late stage such as collage.
Don’t feel like a dummy by being uninformed, find the answers to your questions. Your varsity will have counselors that can help with these very test. Go talk to them, they are there to help.
8. Strive for a relaxed state of concentration
The day of the exam, try and avoid as many people that are stress balls. You don’t need and want their little voices in your head, causing you to doubt yourself, when they are actually doubting themselves. You know that you have done your best, study as hard as you can and prepared as far as you can. Be in control of your thoughts and emotions by surrounding yourself with the influences you want.
9. Manage your time
Time management is one of the most important aspect of your life, or it will become.
Manage your time before and during the exam so that there are no unwanted surprises.
In the exam start with a quick scan of the exam, ensuring you can quickly calculate how much time will be needed for the longer questions. Secondly start by answering the quick questions first. Don’t over spend your time here, keep to the minute a mark countdown at the very least. Once at the longer questions, you should plan them for a few minutes before just jumping in.
End by reading through your entire exam again and do a quick check of your name and student number. Remember there are no reward for finishing first.
10. Be positive, forget the fear
Remember that you are doing your very best and that it will be good enough. Remind yourself of this fact, say it in your mind when you start feeling the anxiety rushing by.
Your best is your best, no one can expect more from you, neither shouldn’t you.
Positive Reinforcement can make a world’s different.
Test anxiety is one of those things we all suffer from, some more than others. But no matter your level of anxiety, it can be managed and perhaps even overcome. Try these test anxiety reduction techniques, they might just give you that extra boost you need.
Related articles you students might like:)
Getting the grades you want:
- Finding your correct Study Space
- Where to buy your Textbooks
- Study groups, the key to your university success
- Your Library study binge prep list
- Catching up for the exams
- 10 Counter Actions to test Anxiety
- 5 Memory Association techniques for students
- Stop your Procrastination
Finding your new nest:
- The dorm room Checklist
- Moving Company VS a DIY move
- Your Essential University Checklist
- The freshers week survival guide
- 13 Questions to ask your prospective landlord
- Happy commune living in 5 steps
- 5 Transition tips from High school to collage
- 10 Great Student Apps
- 3 Student Part-Time Jobs
- 10 Part-time Jobs
- Your own varsity Bucket list
- 10 Freshers Tips, for adapting to Student Life.
- Save on your energy bill, this winter
- 10 Fun and Cheap student activities
- Top 5 Music Festivals around Jozi
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Alzheimer's Vaccine Maker Ends TestsMar 1, 2002 | AP
The maker of a highly touted experimental Alzheimer's vaccine has ended development of the compound after 15 patients suffered serious brain inflammation.
But Elan Corp. said it still is pursuing vigorously a vaccine to slow worsening of Alzheimer's, and has other candidates that look promising in animal testing.
Still, Friday's announcement marks a serious setback.
The Irish drug manufacturer excited researchers in 2000 when it discovered that in mice, the compound code-named AN-1792 could ward off and even reduce brain-clogging plaques that are a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (news - web sites).
Initial safety tests in people showed no adverse effects. But because the vaccine works by inducing the immune system to attack the protein that makes up those plaques, called beta amyloid, some scientists had warned that brain inflammation was a potential serious side effect.
In January, Elan suspended the latest 360-patient experiment when it discovered four people suffering an encephalitis-like brain inflammation. Since then, doctors have discovered 11 more patients with those symptoms. All are stable or recovering; none is critically ill, said Elan medical officer Dr. Ivan Lieberburg.
Still, Elan decided Friday to abandon AN-1792 because of the risk. It will continue monitoring all patients in the study, both for side effects and to see if the injections had any benefit against Alzheimer's.
It is not unusual for experimental medications to hit a snag during such early testing. Lieberburg said Elan did not pin all hopes on AN-1792 but has several other candidates that studies in mice suggest are "just as good or better" at clearing away amyloid, Lieberburg said.
The idea is to try compounds that stimulate the immune system in slightly different ways, in hopes of posing less chance of inflammation.
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Pam Corbin is the expert who professional cooks consult when they want to make jams, jellies, marmalades, chutneys, pickles or anything else to do with preserving. They know her as ‘Pam the Jam’, and this book is the culmination of her years of experience, distilled into more than 100 tried-and-tested recipes. Her jams, marmalades and fruit spreads contain far less sugar than traditional recipes, which means that they taste astonishingly fruity and delicious. Likewise, her chutneys and pickles are lighter and sprightlier than the old-fashioned kind.
BUSY PERSON’S MARMALADE
Makes 6 × 200ml jars
This shortcut recipe is a real boon for anyone who misses the Seville season, doesn’t have time to slice and dice, or who runs out of home made marmalade halfway through the year. It relies on tins of ready-to-use Seville orange pulp, which are widely available in shops and are a very decent standby for fresh fruit. The pulp is made from the freshest of oranges, cooked just to the point when the peel is soft and ready to be turned into marmalade. However, I do not favour the recipe given on some tins of pulp because it has too much sugar for my taste, and you end up with marmalade that has a very sweet gel and only a smattering of peel. This is my adaptation, which includes jam sugar to ensure the marmalade will set.
From start to finish the recipe will take less than half an hour to make, and the marmalade has a delightfully fresh Seville flavour to boot.
1 × 850g tin prepared Seville orange pulp
Finely grated zest of 1 unwaxed lemon
100ml lemon juice (2–3 lemons)
750g jam sugar (i.e. with added pectin)
Turn out the pulp into a large heavy-based pan and add the water, lemon zest and juice, stir to combine.
Place the pan over a gentle heat and bring to a simmer. The mixture will be thick so keep stirring, paying particular attention to the edges of the base of the pan. Sprinkle in the sugar a third at a time and stir until completely dissolved. Bring to a steady boil for 8–9 minutes, stirring occasionally until the mixture feels thick and is semi-opaque. Remove from the heat. There is no need to check for setting point as this mixture contains plenty of pectin.
Tip the mixture into a wide-necked jug with a good pouring lip, then fill the sterilised jars to the brim. Seal immediately. Invert the sealed jars for a minute or so, to ensure the lids are sterilised, before turning the right way up and leaving to cool.
TOMATO & CHILLI JAM
Makes 4 × 200ml jars
Tangy jam is a quick way to deal with a bargain bagful of tomatoes from a market or shop, or a glut of home-grown produce.
Regard this as a mother recipe, very easy to adapt by bringing in other flavours. You can spice it up by adding a couple of teaspoons of ground coriander or crushed fennel seeds along with the sugar; or stir in a spoonful of Thai fish sauce or anchovy essence towards the end of cooking; or add a couple of tablespoons of chopped basil or coriander leaves at the end of cooking.
Mix the jam into cream cheese as a dip for crunchy batons of cucumber and carrot; spread a little over pizza bases or use it to make sausage rolls; serve it with fishcakes or crispy-skinned chicken; or spread it into sandwiches.
1kg tomatoes (as ripe as possible)
4–6 red chillies, halved lengthways and deseeded
4 fat garlic cloves, peeled
3cm piece of fresh root ginger, peeled and roughly chopped
200ml cider vinegar or wine vinegar
50ml balsamic vinegar
Finely grated zest and juice of 1 unwaxed lime or lemon
400g golden granulated sugar
1 tsp fine sea salt
Blitz a quarter of the tomatoes to a smooth purée in a food processor with the chillies, garlic and ginger. Place in a large heavy-based pan or preserving pan. Pulse the rest of the tomatoes several times in the food processor to roughly chop them up and add to the pan with the vinegars and the lime or lemon zest and juice.
Place the pan over a medium heat and bring to the boil, stirring occasionally. Sprinkle in the sugar, stirring until it has dissolved. Then reduce the heat to a gentle simmer for about 30–40 minutes, stirring from time to time, until the mixture has reduced by roughly half to a richly coloured, glistening jam. Remove from the heat and season with the salt. Meanwhile, sterilise your jars and twist-on lids.
Spoon the chutney into the warm jars, filling to the brim, and seal immediately.
Store in a cool, dark, dry place for up to a year. Keep in the fridge and use within 3–4 months once opened.
SUPER FRUITY BLACKCURRANT JAM
Makes 6 × 200ml jars
Blackcurrants have an exceptionally intense flavour – I’ve noticed that blackcurrant jams and coulis always seem to pick up accolades in food awards, and it’s worth noting that blackcurrant jam and Cheddar cheese is a stunning sandwich combination.
Blackcurrant season stretches from July to August; it’s quite acceptable to buy them frozen online outside this time, as usually they will have been picked at their peak.
As with all currants and other fruit with semi-tender skin, you need to lightly poach blackcurrants in order to soften the skin, while keeping them whole and succulent. Do this before the sugar is added or the skin will toughen and become leathery.
Blackcurrants are relatively acidic and you don’t need to add any lemon juice to this recipe in order to help the jam set.
You can use this method, with the same ingredient quantities, for gooseberries, jostaberries (which are a cross between a blackcurrant and a gooseberry) and other similar berries or currants.
300g granulated sugar
16g pectin powder
Sterilise your jars and twist-on lids in a water bath (see page 19). Leave in the pan until ready to fill.
Rinse the blackcurrants in cold water and pick over to remove the stalks and any damaged fruit. Put the currants in a roomy heavy-based pan or preserving pan with the measured water. Poach very carefully over a low heat for 5 minutes, or until the skins are soft, shaking the pan rather than stirring to prevent the currants breaking. Remove from the heat.
Combine the sugar and pectin thoroughly then sprinkle over the cooked currants, shaking the pan to distribute evenly. Return the pan to a medium heat and bring to a simmer for 3–4 minutes – the jam will quickly thicken and turn glossy as the sugar and pectin dissolve, so keep stirring carefully and thoroughly to prevent it catching on the base of the pan. Remove from the heat.
Using tongs, carefully remove the jars from the water bath and put them on a folded tea towel or wooden surface. Tip the mixture into a wide-necked jug with a good pouring lip, then fill the waiting jam jars to the brim and seal immediately.
Return the jars to the water bath so they are completely immersed, and bring to a simmer for 5 minutes. Carefully remove the jars from the pan and leave to cool on a folded tea towel or wooden surface.
Store the jam in a dark, cool, dry place for up to 9 months. Keep in the fridge once opened and eat within 3–4 weeks.
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By Jonathan Denn
There are the cut-and-dried facts, about how money actually works, which MMT succinctly explains—that those who were unaware—seem to readily grasp.
- The US is the issuer of currency not just currency users like households, towns, businesses and US States.
- If a country has a marvelous productive capacity, a free floating sovereign currency, and little to no debt denominated in foreign funds—then there is no external reason it cannot spend regardless of taxing or borrowing.
- The last seven US depressions were preceded by seven rare public surpluses.
- A public deficit is a non public surplus, which means a private surplus after taking into account what leaked overseas.
- A private surplus is the point of a prosperous nation, as long as it doesn’t cause hyperinflation.
- Banks create money, too. But since it usually has to paid back someday, those dollars are temporary.
The conclusion is that the US is the monopoly issuer of net financial assets. So, given a stable foreign trade balance the only way the private sector can grow is with increased government spending, asset appreciation (inflation), people spending out of savings, or people/businesses borrowing (temporarily) from banks.
But, then newcomers to these rational facts hit the ideology wall. People have it ingrained—that government should be small or at least not interfere unduly in private markets.
I don’t think these two premises, MMT and ideology, are mutually exclusive. What I propose is there are issues and contexts where a majority, perhaps even a supermajority of Americans, could agree on—where, how, and when—public spending can decouple from the restraints of taxing and borrowing.
Small businesses are our country’s backbone, its main employer. If small business owners were to get onboard with MMT, there would likely be a phase shift. So, what does the small business owner want? I propose this package of packaged fiscal reforms.
- Not to be responsible for their employees’ health care insurance.
If a person decides to take on risk (which most sane people shouldn’t do, as 97% of new businesses fail) to make a living, get ahead, and build assets—why as a country have we decided to force them to be experts in providing health care to their citizen employees? Isn’t that what government is for? Or isn’t it up to the individual to decide? It is a false equivalence to put it on the backs of small businesses just because it’s easy. If MMT could get healthcare off the backs of small employers, that would be huge.
On main street, I don’t hear many folks who disagree with Medicare for All with available upgrades or fast lanes for those who have worked hard, and want to spend their money that way.
No small business owner, managing their expenses, would design a healthcare service Fee for Service. They would design it Fee for Outcome. This is another reason why small businesses hate the Affordable Health Care for America Act.
Many small businesses already take advantage of LLCs and S Corps to avoid also paying corporate taxes. But, again, why do employers who are doing what both sides of the aisle want them to do—employ—have to pay onerous payroll taxes. Geez, if you want more people to be employed, then stop taxing the employers.
Our society is brainwashed about having to prepay for Social Security. If a retired person is essentially living at subsistence levels, eating low quality food, and staying in undercapitalized housing—does it matter where those funds originate? If it’s a prepaid account or simply issued by the Treasury—how will either drive up demand enough to cause inflation yet alone hyperinflation? It almost can’t.
I believe only the large financial industry wants to end/change social security so they can make a profit on it somehow. I don’t think small businesses care about the large financial industry all that much. I think they care about keeping the doors open, making a living, keeping their staff which many consider to be neighbors if not family, and the customers they’re blessed with (or lucky to have). And maybe getting some time off now and again.
If MMT could cut down on red-tape and paperwork—or—speed up the DMV lines it would be a slam dunk!
- Unemployment Insurance
So, when there’s a downturn, why do small employers have to essentially keep unneeded staff on the payroll at half pay? If MMT policies can pick up the slack and alleviate the burden of unemployment costs—small business will stand up and cheer!
- Not Competing with the Public Sector for Business/Staff.
This is probably the biggest rub. I believe if small businesses were assured that they would not have to compete with the public sector they would embrace MMT in a heartbeat.
For example: Let’s say a private construction company is minding it’s own business, and along comes a government construction project nearby that pays higher wages to truck drivers, crane operators, carpenters, and the rest of the trades. That private employer can’t compete on wages, and loses staff that THEY took on the risk to train. Geez, thanks Uncle Sam.
But what policies would prevent this? Perhaps index infrastructure work to the local labor pool, and only award contracts to local construction firms.
Hmm, but why is that not happening now? Because Big Government awards Big Contracts to Big Government contractors. These contractors are not barred from making campaign contributions. See the cyclical nature? Both reformers, Robert Reich on the left and Peter Schweitzer on the right have called upon President Obama to issue an Executive Order banning campaign contributions by government contractors. Why, oh why, won’t President Obama do so? Hmm, potential third-act speechifying? I still have hope that President Obama will do the correct thing.
- Jobs Guarantee (JG) Program
Well, a high unemployment rate does drive down the cost of labor—which benefits employers. But unemployed people are essentially removed from the customer pool. So, I happen to like the idea of the federal government being the Employer of Last Resort (ELR) or at least funding the States and/or nonprofits, to be. But here again, if an industry, with small businesses, has jobs that are anti-glamorous, and these JG jobs are even a bit more attractive, local employers won’t support it. Snatching MMT defeat from the jaws of MMT victory.
How do we find a balance? Not sure, but certainly JG shouldn’t pay a higher wage, or for that matter even par private wages. Maybe there is a low “Federal Minimum Wage” that incentives workers to hunt for higher wages in the private sector. Maybe there are subsidies to employers for hiring JG employees. Maybe there are subsidies for employing folks in industries that have inelastic pricing. Maybe expanding the Earned Income Tax Credit (which is already supported by some conservatives.)
I believe there are also public policies that a supermajority of Americans can agree upon.
- Veterans’ Health Care Benefits Equal to that of Congress.
Polls show that most Americans want better healthcare for Veterans, but “how can we afford it?” And most Americans disapprove of Congress’ performance. Do we have the productive capacity to give Veterans better healthcare? Of course we do. Are Congress members more patriotic than Veterans? No. If dollars were spent into existence out of seignorage then in a very short time we would likely treat Veterans to the healthcare and respect they deserve. I doubt Congress will line up at the VA. I believe this would bridge MMT with the political will.
Possible dissent: Are there enough mental health professionals, nutritionists, holistic healthcare practitioners, physical therapists, medical devices to help our wounded warriors without causing hyperinflation in healthcare? I think there is, and if there isn’t then our marvelous society will adapt to fill the need. Given the resources MMT can provide.
It is despicable that Congress and the Executive Branch won’t care for our wounded warriors. SHAME ON YOU RED AND BLUE!
- The Right to A Fraud-Free Counted Vote.
Liberals want unfettered access to the polls although it makes it easier to vote more than once. Conservatives want to make sure that only citizens vote and only once.
The answer is to assure a fraud-free counted vote. Rather easy solutions only require modest fiat federal funds.
Almost everyone does business with their State or Federal Government. Frictionless automatic voter registration is just a matter of enough coders, and local frictionless double checks. If a State can’t afford voting machines, I mean, c’mon really? Print the currency and give it to the State. This isn’t brain surgery. We can even afford the purple ink for thumbs. What is currency for, after taxes, but to assure a fraud-free counted vote (if you chose to vote that is)?
These last two are what I call—true equivalence—or the greater overlap. All too often the two parties in Congress come up with solutions with false equivalence. Cabbage is good, chocolate is good, chocolate covered cabbage isn’t ordered in any restaurant by anyone. Look at the Sequester or the Affordable Health Care for America Act—is that any way to run a country?
After one or a few popular items decouple US spending from taxing and borrowing, and the world doesn’t end economically, then Congress can get on with the jobs of deciding between freedom and order, between the rights and responsibilities of the public and private sectors, and the roles of meritocracy and justice in our society—but with a better capacity to implement solutions thanks to MMT.
Even with the above policies being popular enough to be passed into law, is it the MMT slippery slope that deficit hawks and doves don’t want to slide down? Maybe. But packaging thoughtful, epistemic popular solutions—first—appears to me to be better political rhetoric.
The US is in an exceptional and enviable position: it has marvelous productive capacity, a willing workforce, and sufficient risk takers—all in a society with a free floating sovereign currency with no significant debt denominated in foreign currency. There is no reason currency can’t be issued for the things WE (the supermajority) NEED as long as it is agreed upon by a majority of the left and the right.
MMTers, in my humble opinion, should consciously split “corporate America” into “main street businesses” and “crony capitalist big business.” It is an insult to do otherwise. Small business owners and leaders are heroes and potential allies of MMT.
Jonathan Denn is the editor of aGREATER.US an internet platform to find epistemic supermajority policy solutions. He is a board member of the Clean Government Alliance, a SCORE Mentor, Vistage Chair, and business coach.
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boll weevil or cotton boll weevil (bōl) [key], cotton-eating weevil, or snout beetle, Anthonomus grandis. Probably of Mexican or Central American origin, it appeared in Texas about 1892 and spread to most cotton-growing regions of the United States. Over the years the weevil became a significant pest, destroying about 8% of the annual U.S. cotton crop. Boll weevil devastation was a major reason for diversification of the South's historic cotton economy. In 1978, however, the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture began a concerted eradication campaign. By the end of the century the weevil had disappeared from from most of the nation except Texas, Louisiana, and Mississippi, where the campaign continued.
The young adult is grayish, darkening with age, and about 1/4 in. (6 mm) long, with a long snout for boring into the cotton boll, or seed pod, where weevils feed on the cotton fibers. Weevils may also invade cotton flower buds before they mature into bolls. Females lay eggs within the bud or the boll, where pupation (see insect) occurs. The larvae eat the entire contents of the boll. Metamorphosis from egg to adult takes about three weeks; from 2 to 10 generations occur each season. The weevil's resistance to some poisons, and the removal of some poisons from the market, have encouraged Integrated Pest Management, e.g., the use of safer insecticides, synthetic growth regulators, and pheromone traps, and the release of sterile males to frustrate reproduction. Adults are also controlled by elimination of field litter, especially cotton stalks, in which they overwinter. Short-season cotton, bred to mature early, escapes much damage from weevil larvae.
The boll weevil is classified in the phylum Arthropoda, class Insecta, order Coleoptera, family Curculionidae.
See P. P. Sikorowski et al., Boll Weevil Mass Rearing Technology (1984); G. Matthews and J. Tunstall, Insect Pests of Cotton (1992).
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
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Learn something new every day
More Info... by email
High calorie supplements, often referred to as weight gain supplements, are dietary supplements designed to provide users with additional calories and nutrition. There are several types of high calorie supplements. These supplements are available as shake powders, premixed high calorie shakes, and nutritional bars. Tasteless powders are also available for people who would rather add calories to their regular meals. While all of these supplements are designed to provide users with calories, many also contain fat, protein, vitamins and minerals.
The most common high calorie supplements are shake powders. These powders can usually be added to milk, juice or water to create convenient high calorie drinks. To choose a healthy shake powder, consumers should evaluate the nutritional content of the product, instead of choosing one that solely provides a high number of calories. These supplements should not be rich in saturated fat, trans fat, cholesterol or sugar. While many consumers assume that all dietary supplements are healthy, this is not always the case with high calorie supplements.
High calorie drinks are also available. These drinks are usually around the size of a regular soft drink, but may also come as small shots. High calorie shots are ideal for consumers who tend to feel very full after drinking a heavy shake. Just like with shake powders, consumers should pay careful attention to what these drinks contain.
Protein bars can also be used as high calorie supplements. While protein bars will not usually contain as many calories as a shake, they can be beneficial for consumers who only need a few hundred extra calories a day. Other high calorie foods like jelly beans and gels are also available. These foods can be used alone or in combination with high calorie shakes to add variety to one’s diet.
Consumers who have a difficult time adding shakes or additional foods to their diet can use tasteless high calorie powders. These supplements can be added to one’s food to increase the calorie content of the meal. Tasteless dietary powders are available both over the counter and by prescription. Consumers who have lost their appetite due to a health problem should consult their physician to determine whether a high calorie powder might be beneficial.
In addition to providing calories, many supplements provide vitamins, protein, healthy fats, carbohydrates and other nutrients. Users who intend to use high calorie supplements as meal replacements will want to choose a well-balanced product. Even people who consume a healthy diet should carefully evaluate their choice of supplement. Although many supplements are nutritionally balanced, some are nothing more than fat, calories and sugar. Choosing a well-rounded supplement will help consumers increase their caloric intake, while providing the vitamins and nutrients required to support their health.
One of our editors will review your suggestion and make changes if warranted. Note that depending on the number of suggestions we receive, this can take anywhere from a few hours to a few days. Thank you for helping to improve wiseGEEK!
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When a federal judge sentenced two women who raised money for al-Shabaab to prison terms of 20 and 10 years last month, some spectators in the courtroom gasped.
Some Somalis were taken aback by the length of the sentences — especially since the same jurist, Chief U.S. District Judge Michael Davis, earlier had handed down three-year prison terms to three men who traveled to Somalia with intent to fight for the Islamic terror group.
But as countless defendants from low-level drug mules to Mafia hitmen to a top lieutenant of Tom Petters have learned, the men had an advantage that defendants Amina Farah Ali and Hawo Mohamed Hassan lacked: They pleaded guilty and provided what prosecutors and Davis considered “substantial assistance” to the FBI.
Under U.S. Federal Sentencing Guidelines, cooperating with the government is one of the few ways a defendant can significantly shorten prison time.
“The usual advice is that you can cut your time in half if you cooperate,” said Minneapolis attorney Paul Engh, who represented Abdifatah Yusuf Isse, one of the men who drew a three-year sentence.
Isse admitted to a single count of providing material support to terrorists. The guidelines called for a 15-year sentence, and prosecutors said his cooperation merited reducing that by more than half, to six years and nine months.
Davis gave him three years.
“Had he gone to trial, it would appear from the other sentences that he would’ve received 20 years,” Engh said of Isse.
Another factor that influenced Isse and the other defendants who cooperated: Prosecutors told them that when their sentencings came around, the government might seek a “terrorism enhancement.” The provision is a sometimes-controversial 1995 addition to the sentencing guidelines that lets a judge hand down sentences longer than what the crime normally would bring.
“Everybody knows that it’s the 800-pound gorilla in the room,” Engh said of the terrorism enhancement. Without it, his client would have faced less than six years in prison.
The government sought the terrorism enhancement for all nine al-Shabaab defendants sentenced last month. Davis granted each, saying their crimes qualified because they sought to influence or affect the governments of Somalia and Ethiopia, whose troops al-Shabaab was fighting.
Because the enhancements added hefty time to the prison terms each defendant faced, their cooperation became even more critical if they hoped to shorten their time.
Dan Scott, the attorney representing Amina Ali, said that under the terrorism enhancement, “the government doesn’t care if you’re putting a dollar into the bucket for the Irish Republican Army or you’re giving money to al-Qaida or you’re providing humanitarian support to some rebel organization that the government doesn’t like.”
“The government makes absolutely no distinction. It’s all 30 years-to-life,” he said. “The government is saying you should keep your nose out of the foreign policy of the United States, and if you don’t, you deserve the kind of sentence that people get for treason.”
THE CALL: FIGHT THE INVASION
The seven men Davis sentenced last month had been charged in “Operation Rhino,” the FBI’s investigation into the exodus of more than 20 (the FBI refuses to be more specific) young Somali or Muslim men from the Twin Cities to Somalia in 2007 and 2008.
At the time, al-Shabaab controlled much of southern Somalia and sought to wrest control from the country’s struggling U.N.-backed Transitional Federal Government, or TFG. To prop up its regime, the TFG called in troops from neighboring Ethiopia, even though that violated a U.N. arms embargo.
Ethiopian soldiers entered Somalia; the U.N. Security Council later allowed the TFG to bring in troops from the African Union, but specifically excluded Somalia’s neighbors, including Ethiopia.
When a group aligned with al-Shabaab attacked Ethiopian positions in December 2006, Ethiopia sent more troops. Many Somalis viewed it as an invasion, and al-Shabaab used the soldiers’ presence to recruit fighters, including from the Somali Diaspora in the United States, particularly the Twin Cities.
After local men began to disappear, worried family members sought the FBI’s help. In 2008, the State Department designated al-Shabaab a Foreign Terrorist Organization, making it illegal to provide aid.
The FBI investigation led to charges against 18 men. (The women’s case stemmed from a separate investigation.) Seven of the men cut deals with the government and pleaded guilty, while one took his case to trial, was convicted and was sentenced to 20 years.
Eight defendants are fugitives. Two died in Somalia.
(In a bit of irony, the “Rhino” defendant who got the shortest sentence, Abdow Munye Abdow, didn’t cooperate; in fact, he was charged with lying to the FBI and obstruction of justice. He pleaded to a single count of obstruction. The government didn’t seek a terrorism enhancement and asked for a 10- to 16-month sentence. In 2010, U.S. District Judge James Rosenbaum gave him three months behind bars and three months’ home confinement.)
HOW IT WORKED IN PETTERS CASE
At last month’s proceedings, prosecutors said the six men who pleaded guilty and provided “substantial assistance” deserved less prison time than what sentencing guidelines called for.
There’s nothing new about the concept of cooperating with the government in the hope prosecutors will recommend a shorter sentence to the judge, who has the final say. It plays out in cases that make headlines and cases few hear about.
Consider the different fates of former Twin Cities businessman Tom Petters and one of his top executives, Deanna Lynn Coleman, both of whom were charged in 2008 in a Ponzi scheme that defrauded investors of $3.5 billion.
Coleman, a central figure in the fraud, went to the feds and disclosed the scam. She wore a wire to secretly record her boss, and later pleaded to a single count of conspiracy. When Petters went to trial, Coleman testified against him.
Petters was convicted on 20 counts and got 50 years in prison. Coleman got a year. She was out before an appeals court had time to rule on Petters’ appeal. (It was denied.)
“As a general matter, downward departure motions from the government are earned and not given away,” said Anders Folk, a former assistant U.S. attorney who was involved in the al-Shabaab cases and is now with the Leonard Street and Deinard law firm in Minneapolis.
He said people who cooperate with the government sometimes do so at risk to themselves, and that judges, prosecutors and defense attorneys want to make sure they get credit for that.
“When a witness takes the stand at a trial and provides public testimony against a criminal organization … they’re putting themselves at some risk by doing that,” said Folk, who left the U.S. attorney’s office in 2010. “They’re kind of indelibly showing the world that they have made a decision to provide testimony against people who might be friends or colleagues.”
Part of the cooperation: They testified against others, particularly Mahamud Said Omar, who was tried last year. He was convicted, and with the terrorism enhancement he faced life in prison. The government asked for 50 years; Davis gave him 20.
‘AN INSIDE VIEW’
Before the al-Shabaab sentencings, Davis met privately with prosecutors to learn the extent of the assistance the defendants had provided. Folk said the prison terms that followed “certainly reflect … a judge who obviously thought these individuals provided substantial assistance or extraordinary help to the government.”
Although Isse and three other defendants testified at last year’s trial of Mahamud Said Omar (who was convicted and sentenced to 20 years), the full extent of their cooperation remains secret. Davis detailed his rationales for the sentences he handed out in documents known as “Statement of Reasons,” but they are sealed. The U.S. Judicial Conference decided in 2001 that because the documents often contain sensitive information, they could be distributed only to the lawyers and federal agencies.
U.S. attorney’s office spokeswoman Jeanne Cooney said she couldn’t comment on what aid the men provided because the investigation remains open and the government still hopes to nab the fugitives.
But Engh said his client, Isse, “provided an inside view that was otherwise unobtainable.”
“They provided names, locations of camps, identification of leadership and general modus operandi,” the lawyer said. “It was invaluable because the government can’t go over there and investigate. They provided a portal into a world that was inaccessible, and that was really significant.”
SENTENCES ‘HARSH AND CRUEL’
Despite the dictates of the sentencing guidelines, some in the local Somali community believe the sentences were unduly harsh, especially for Hawo Hassan, 66, and co-defendant Ali, 36, the two Rochester women convicted by a jury in 2011 in a scheme to raise money and send it to al-Shabaab.
Prosecutors said that over a 10-month period, the women organized telephone conferences, door-to-door solicitations and other fundraising schemes and came up with $8,600, which they sent to al-Shabaab leaders. Their lawyers and supporters said the women intended it for humanitarian purposes, but jurors disagreed.
Davis sentenced Ali to 20 years in prison, which is what prosecutors had asked for. With the terrorism enhancement, she faced a sentence of 30 years to life.
Hassan was sentenced to 10 years, five less than what the government sought. She also got the terrorism enhancement, and could have faced 31 years.
Some Somalis who sat through the three days’ worth of sentences felt the prison terms were too lengthy, particularly for the two women. Among them was Hassan Mohamud, an imam and the director of the Minnesota Da’Wah Institute in St. Paul.
“The disparity of the sentencing looks like it was unfair,” said Mohamud, who earned a law degree in his native Somalia and also a law degree from William Mitchell College of Law in St. Paul.
He called the sentences for the women “harsh and cruel.”
In handing down the punishments, Davis said he had researched the sentences handed down by other federal judges in terrorism-related cases across the country and that he believed his sentences were in line with those and fit the crimes.
At Hassan and Ali’s trial, jurors heard secretly recorded phone conversations of Ali talking to al-Shabaab leaders, as well as the two women rejoicing in attacks on government leaders and foreign troops. But Mohamud said the women had to deal with al-Shabaab since they sought to send aid and the group controlled much of the country at the time — and the rest was governed, marginally, by the TFG, which even the U.N. conceded was rife with corruption.
“My younger brother lived in that area,” Mohamud said. “You cannot tell me that when I send my brother $100 to $125 every month, and al-Shabaab was controlling the hawala system (the international money transfer arrangement many Somalis use), that al-Shabaab didn’t tax it. But that doesn’t mean I’m supporting them.”
But when he sentenced the women, Davis made clear they had been convicted of serious crimes and that their aid wasn’t humanitarian in nature. He said the money they raised and sent helped fund a dangerous terrorist organization that employed suicide bombings and often killed and injured civilians.
David Hanners can be reached at 612-338-6516.
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Wider width fast Rapier loom:
This rapier loom mainly used to weave the fabric of 20g-1200g with various fabrics such as decoration cloth, window screen, text lion mesh cloth, colour cloths, flax cloth, jute cloth, silk knitting fabric, cotton cloth, chemical fibre cloth, trade mark fabric, glass fibre cloth and geo textile.
Main technical features (for reference)
(1) Shedding device
Adopt positive mechanical dobby, bottom shedding
(2) Weft insertion
Positively drive by separate type slays two side conjugate cam, and rapier gripper traverse is able to be adjusted.
(3)Weft yarn supply
Continuous winding of weft yarn by independent electronic weft accumulator.
(4)Automatic pick finding
Have automatic pick-finding function and presenting weft bar function,
(5)Weft yarn selection
Adopt electronic color selector, it can select 1-8 colors and is suitable for weaving different specification weft yarn
(6)Weft broken stop device
Adopt piezoelectric electronic sensor technology,
(7)Beating up motion
Separate slay two side close conjugate cam drives actively beating shaft to realize the beating up motion.
Mechanical let-out mechanism: realize continuous let-out by adopting complex adjusting system, so assure warp yarn steady tension and continuous let-out.
(9)Warp stop mode
Electric contact point mode
Mechanical take-up mechanism: positive continuous take-up, equipped with weft density adjuster
(11)Weft density adjustment
Mechanical let-out and take-up type
a-type: to adopt step less adjusting weft density device, don’t change the gear within 3-80 picks per centimeter,
b-type: to adopt changing gears according to weft density table.
a. leno selvage device
Adopt oil bath type lubrication for movement parts in some main transmission boxes; to adopt oil cup type manual centralized oiling and grease type lubricating for the rest positions.
(14)Operation mode: by buttons. step button, start button, stop button and forward and backward buttons of dobby are equipped at left and right sides of front beam.
(15) Inspection mode:
Adopt electronic inspection mode for the machine run state and operator’s eyes inspection for fabrics quality.
(16) Stop mode: Stop at the fixed point, automatically level cloth-fell
(17) Signal indicator:
Equipped with four color signal indicator for warp stop, weft stop, call signal and fabric fixed length.
(18) Output count:
To be equipped with three shift output counter
(19) Warp beam flange diameter: 600mm, 760mm, 800mm
(20) Cloth take-up roller: Max dia550mm
(21) Capacity of harness unitof dobby:
Standard configuration capacity of harness unit of dobby is 16 pieces, and 20 shat is optionalsuitable for weaving complex and small pattern fabrics, and it is also convenient to adjust the machine for weaving the fabrics.
Nominal reel width
3.2, 3.6, 3.8, 4.2, 4.6 m
180r/min~360r/min(may adjust according to fabric and fabric width)
Up to 800M/minute-1200M/minute
Overall electrical power consumption<4KW
Broken weft automatic stop, broken warp auto matic stop, automatic finding weft
Outside diameter 800mm-1000mm standard single and double beam
Max. rolling cloth diameter may reach 550mm, machine outside reel-up diameter may reach 1000-1500mm
broder width fast rapier loom
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.ecvery.com/weaving-machinery-products/p15648/broder-width-fast-rapier-loom.html
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The power of Homework can’t be overstated. An essential part of our program, it can play an important function in creating a crucial particular shared by extremely reliable individuals: energetic understanding.
Active students are those that constantly try to find to recognize what they do not recognize instead of expect another person to supply the answer. At RSM we prepare for every one of our trainees, in spite of age, to finish their homework individually as well as also concern program with inquiries concerning anything they actually did not comprehend. Even the framework of our class – where homework help answers are resolved before the Homework test – sends the message to Students that they are in charge of their very own understanding.
Homework is additionally a crucial stepping stone to understanding a subject. RSM instructors are professional at finding approaches to include trainees when introducing a new principle, yet it’s unreasonable to anticipate that students will certainly absorb 100% of the details they just discovered. Efficiency can simply be achieved with independent initiative.
Below are 5 points RSM parents can do to ensure that their children get the most benefit from Homework:
- Set up homework time carefully. Timing is specifically important for mother and fathers of facility and additionally grade school children. Mark a routine and also continuously time port for RSM homework that is about fifty percent as long in duration as your child’s routine training course. Ensure this moment port is as right after program as feasible. The majority of people will absolutely forget up to 40% of new info within the first day of learning it. Doing homework in the first day or more after class boosts know-how and increases absorption. To generate perfect understanding problems, regular Homework briefly when your kid is more than likely to be alert as well as well fed.
- Take on require to supply the remedy when helping your youngsters with homework. If your explanation troubles with the teacher’s description it will certainly simply puzzle them. A far better approach is to ask your youngster if they comprehend the issue. In 90% of situations, youngsters simply do not acknowledge what’s being asked of them. If you feel you have actually cleared up the trouble and also your child still does not acknowledge, just position an enigma along with the difficulty or email the teacher. The teacher will see this in addition to supply a description throughout course.
- Show that you value the program. You do not need to be a mathematics professor and also have a strong understanding of math to be a wonderful RSM parent. Children are smart: they can’t ice what is very important to you, and also they intend to please you. Program your children you value the RSM program by reviewing it at dinner, or prior to your pals. Ask your kids what they discovered end course home from training course. Program them you take pride in their being a trainee at RSM. Normally, grow a positive atmosphere around Math College. Youngsters will definitely continuously find factors they’d rather be doing than homework, however if your youngster detects that RSM is essential to you it will certainly wind up being essential to them also.
- Establish a collaboration with your kid’s instructor. RSM instructors are a fantastic resource for you and also your child. Preserve teacher contact details helpful for worries that arise throughout the term, and effort to see your child’s instructor before or after course at the very least 3 times throughout the semester. This will certainly create a far better class connection for your youngster.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.automatedmoneynow.com/5-tips-for-assisting-youngsters-with-math-homework/
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en
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Papal Summer Residence, Castel Gandolfo
Sunday, 23 September 2007
Dear Brothers and Sisters,
This morning I made a Visit to the Diocese of Velletri of which I had been titular Cardinal for a number of years. It was a friendly meeting that allowed me to relive moments of the past, rich with spiritual and pastoral experiences.
During the solemn Eucharistic celebration, by commenting on the liturgical texts, I was able to pause and reflect on the correct use of earthly goods, a theme the Evangelist Luke reproposes for our attention this Sunday in various ways.
Telling the Parable of the dishonest but very crafty administrator, Christ teaches his disciples the best way to use money and material riches, that is, to share them with the poor, thus acquiring their friendship, with a view to the Kingdom of Heaven. "Make friends for yourselves by means of unrighteous mammon," Jesus says, "so that when it fails they may receive you into the eternal habitations" (Lk 16: 9).
Money is not "dishonest" in itself, but more than anything else it can close man in a blind egocentrism. It therefore concerns a type of work of "conversion" of economic goods: instead of using them only for self-interest, it is also necessary to think of the needs of the poor, imitating Christ himself, who, as St Paul wrote: "though he was rich, yet for your sake he became poor, so that by his poverty you might become rich" (II Cor 8: 9).
It seems paradoxical: Christ has not enriched us with his richness but with his poverty, with his love that brought him to give himself totally to us.
Here one could open up a vast and complex field of reflection on the theme of poverty and riches, also on a world scale, in which two logics of economics oppose each other: the logic of profit and that of the equal distribution of goods, which do not contradict each other if their relationship is well ordered.
Catholic social doctrine has always supported that equitable distribution of goods is a priority. Naturally, profit is legitimate and, in just measure, necessary for economic development.
In his Encyclical Centesimus Annus, John Paul II wrote: "The modern business economy has positive aspects. Its basis is human freedom exercised in many other fields" (n. 32). Yet, he adds that capitalism must not be considered as the only valid model of economic organization (cf. ibid., n. 35).
Starvation and ecological emergencies stand to denounce, with increasing evidence, that the logic of profit, if it prevails, increases the disproportion between rich and poor and leads to a ruinous exploitation of the planet.
Instead, when the logic of sharing and solidarity prevails, it is possible to correct the course and direct it towards an equitable, sustainable development.
May Mary Most Holy, who in the Magnificat proclaimed: the Lord "has filled the hungry with good things, and the rich he has sent empty away" (Lk 1: 53), help Christians to use earthly goods with Gospel wisdom, that is, with generous solidarity, and inspire politicians and economists with farsighted strategies that favour the authentic progress of all peoples.
After the Angelus:
During these days in Rome the First World Meeting of Priests, Deacons and Men and Women Religious for the Pastoral Care of Gypsies, organized by the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People, has taken place. To the participants who are following the Angelus in St Peter's Square, I address my cordial greeting.
Dear brothers and sisters, the theme of your convention: "With Christ at the Service of the Gypsy People", becomes ever more current in the life of each one of you. For this I pray and I entrust you to the protection of the Virgin Mary.
In addition, I wish to recall that today in Italy the St Vincent de Paul Society is holding a campaign against illiteracy, a great social wound that still touches many people in various regions of the world. I wish great success to this initiative and welcome the occasion to address a cordial greeting to the children and young people who have just begun a new scholastic year, as I do naturally to their teachers. Good studies to all.
© Copyright 2007 - Libreria Editrice Vaticana
© Copyright - Libreria Editrice Vaticana
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http://w2.vatican.va/content/benedict-xvi/en/angelus/2007/documents/hf_ben-xvi_ang_20070923.html
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|
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| 0.955617
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Marketing is the means to make a great part of the consuming public discover a particular service or product. Dubli is a stately library for more concerning how to see about it. Thus...
Affiliate marketing is about the promotion of products and services of an online business. Be taught more on this related website - Click here: next. The affiliate sign-ups using the advertiser or marketing arm of the affiliate and the online company becomes an active searcher of prospects. Visit get dubli to explore how to consider it. When the affiliate appreciates of the significance of advertising such set-up of affiliate marketing may become quickly effective. To explore additional info, you are encouraged to check-out: dubli.
Advertising is the methods to make a great percentage of the consuming public discover a specific products or services. Ergo, marketing should be attractive and should be appealing to the people. When the advertising isn't attractive enough, it will not be effective. Then such advertising is strong, In the event the advertising has taken the interest of the consumers.
To make types advertising successful and strong, an affiliate should utilize the methods of advertising. One such way of advertising is the re-use of one key concept of affiliate marketing. This key principle will be the harnessing of human-resources. That's, a joint venture partner might touch on the capacities of other folks to generate more visitors to the website. Basically, he's making his or her own internet affiliate marketing program.
Why is having people own affiliate marketing program good for the affiliate? The economics involved is straightforward yet unquestionable. Like, each time a visitor will up a questionnaire in the affiliates internet site, the affiliate might be earning about $0.50 from the online business he is selling. Per day, he might direct around twenty visitors and which will be equivalent to $5.00
However, this internet may possibly increase his income through the use of other folks. That is, the affiliate may possibly pass on half of his profits to other people if these people could send more readers to him. The affiliate may be making less ($0.25) from a form that is filled up by each visitor. But if one-of his people will be referring twenty visitors, and he has five of such people, he will be easily gaining around $12.50 in a day. Such amount is over 200 of his initial earnings.
To own such a significant increase of money in affiliate marketing, an affiliate may do three things. First, he must visit a possible and worthwhile destination site. 2nd, he will link with companies which can be generous with co-registration prospects. Such businesses should also allow 3 to 4 gives included together in one registration form. And third, the internet should choose a modern and increasing online company and then hire affiliates for this kind of company.
With smart advertising, the internet will be reducing expenses for advertising that dont work. Then, he'll be spending less for methods that easily generate more prospects..
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://dubliaaa27g.wallinside.com/
|
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|
en
| 0.960218
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|
Someone asked me about the inspiration for our Military Commitment Program a while back. I gave it some thought and penned this post. Of course, since I finished writing this, so much about our world has changed, and yet so much of it hasn’t. Our gratitude to the military has increased, if anything, and our commitment remains solid. So, in recognition of May as Military Appreciation Month, I share my thoughts with you all.
Thinking about the question, I realized creating our Military Commitment Program wasn’t the result of a single, galvanizing incident or experience. There really wasn’t a “lightbulb” inspirational moment. It wasn’t a program or a commitment that sprang from zero to sixty. It came from a lifelong appreciation along with our ongoing efforts to offer our expertise. It’s a formalization and renewed commitment to things we’d already been focused on.
As a child, my parents, like many other parents I’m sure, instilled in me an appreciation for those in society who choose keeping our country and communities safe and peaceful as their job. That includes first responders of all kinds and, especially, our military. Beyond this general appreciation and respect, I have family members who have served in the military. My uncle is a retired Marine fighter pilot and my cousin is also a Marine; an instructor for the Osprey. These were both drivers of ATR establishing a formal program.
Another reason, absolutely, was seeing some of our military struggle in their return to the community. Statistics show that homelessness is a significant problem for veterans, as is difficulty finding employment. I’m not unique in wanting to help by any means, but I am using what I know to do so. Our veterans face challenges and I can’t fix everything, but I can make a commitment to assist with one of the things that helps people live a more satisfying life – finding a job.
Yet another reason we’ve made this commitment is, I guess, sort of selfish. I know that our veterans and military personnel about to separate are men and women of exceptional talent and commitment. Beyond all the pomp and circumstance, these are talented people and we are in the business of finding talented people for our clients. We need you!
Prior to the economic fallout of the coronavirus, we were in a historic low unemployment period. It’s been that way in IT and engineering for several years now. Although many areas of the economy have been nearly completely shut down and face an uncertain future at the moment, many industries are growing and need people. There are still great opportunities out there and they will only increase as our economy begins to slowly reopen and recover.
While I certainly believe that our veterans deserve whatever “extra” assistance or appreciation we show them, our program is no handout or gift. You are smart talented people who could use some extra help navigating the challenging nature of the job search. In one way, it’s no different than the assistance ATR offers every job seeker, but the transition from military to civilian life and the career landscape are different.
At the same time, you deserve every bit of attention and assistance that we can offer! The current situation reminds us clearly of why it is important to have a strong military. I think almost everyone admires and wants to show their thanks. We feel that way and have focused on helping in the best way we can. A formal commitment simply helps us more effectively deliver on our promise of assistance.
We need you as much as you may need us, even more perhaps! We’ve got clients with positions to fill and we need talented workers. Simple as that. Every day we offer our expertise to help our candidates find meaningful work. Matching people with the companies that need them is what we do; we’re good at it, and we love it! Being able to do that for such a deserving group of job seekers is a privilege.
Learn more about our program here or contact us for career assistance.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.atrinternational.com/2020/05/26/jobs-for-veterans/
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|
en
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|
Acute respiratory infections (ARI), particularly pneumonia, are the major cause of mortality in children under 5 years of age in developing countries. Bacteria cause the majority of pneumonia cases, and probably more than half of these cases are due to Streptococcus pneumoniae. A control program, which promotes the early diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia with antibiotics in young children, reduces pneumonia mortality. However, an increase in the prevalence of pneumococcal isolates resistant to antibiotics in several countries has prompted investigators to look into new pneumococcal conjugate vaccines to prevent pneumonia morbidity and mortality. This vaccine has recently been shown to increase immunity in young children who are at high risk of getting pneumonia and dying from the illness. It has also been found to be 100% efficacious against invasive pneumococcal disease.
A phase 3, randomized, double blind, controlled, clinical trial (RCT) of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine to determine its efficacy in preventing x-ray proven pneumonia in young children is being conducted in 6 municipalities in the island of Bohol, Philippines. The trial commenced in July 2000 and will last until 2005.
This trial is designed to study the effectiveness of the vaccine in preventing radiologically verified childhood pneumonia in developing country conditions. Pneumonia was chosen as the primary endpoint diagnosis because of its importance as the major public health disease burden in children under five years old. The Philippines was chosen as a study site since long-term baseline studies on ARI case management and on the causes of pneumonia, sepsis and meningitis have been carried out on the island of Bohol, which also has a research friendly environment. This study is so far the only phase 111 study being planned with any pneumococcal vaccine to take place in Asia.
The project is registered with Current Controlled Trials, reference ISRCTN62323832.
The trial is a joint venture of the ARIVAC consortium.
The ARIVAC Consortium and their contact information:
- Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM) Filinvest Corporate City, Alabang, Metro Manila, The Philippines
- National Public Health Institute (KTL) Mannerheimintie 166, FIN-00300 Helsinki, Finland
- The School of Population Health, University of Queensland (UQ) Medical School Herston Road, Herston Qld 4006, Australia
- Aventis Pasteur SA (Aventis Pasteur) 2, avenue Pont Pasteur, F-69367 Lyon, France
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://hisdu2.sph.uq.edu.au/arivac/
|
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|
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| 0.927746
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|
With the advances of the big-data process technology, acquiring the real-time information from the massive image data taken by a mobile device inside a vehicle will be possible in the near future. Among the information that can be found around the vehicle, the route information is needed for safe driving. In this study, the automatic extraction of route information from the road sign imagery was dealt with. The scope of the route information in this study included the route number, route type, and their relationship with the driving direction. For the recognition of the route number, the modified Tesseract OCR (Optical Character Recognition) engine was used after extracting the rectangular-road-sign area with the Freeman chain code tracing algorithm. The route types (expressway, highway, rural highway, and municipal road) are recognized using the proposed algorithms, which are acquired from colour space analysis. Those road signs provide information about the route number as well as the roads that may be encountered along the way. In this study, such information was called “OTW (on the way)” or “TTW (to the way)” which between the two should be indicated is determined using direction information. Finally, the route number is matched with the direction information. Experiments are carried out with the road sign imagery taken inside a car. As a result, route numbers, route number type, OTW or TTW are successfully recognized, however some errors occurred in the process of matching TTW number with the direction.
Those devices to gather the massive imagery from the roads have emerged lately; such as cameras designed to be installed in cars and mobile devices designed for drivers. With the rapid advances in the big-data technology, the real-time analysis of such massive imagery will be possible in the near future. This will be enable drivers or autonomous vehicles to immediately obtain information that are important and meaningful for driving. For that reason, the automatic extraction of transportation information from the massive imagery obtained from the roads has become a significant issue of late.
The Most of previous researches on transportation information extraction from massive road imagery focused on traffic signs and used colour space analysis, histogram analysis, the support vector machine, and other computer vision techniques.
Benallal and Meunier (2003)
developed a computer vision system for embedding in a car to enable traffic signs to be identified and located. For their study, they adopted the colour segmentation strategy based on the behaviour of the RGB components of several traffic signs from sunrise to sunset. The extraction of information from traffic signs through pattern matching and edge detection is proposed by
. A support vector machine approach for classifying the pixels of traffic signs is presented by
Bascon . (2008)
. In the latter, normalized fast Fourier transform is used for determining the shape of the traffic sign.
Lee and Yun (2013)
developed a traffic sign recognition van in which a GPS, an IMU, a DMI, a camera, and a laser sensor are installed. Using sun van, they determined the positions of the traffic signs with the laser sensor and other positioning sensor, and recognized the attribute data of traffic signs with the support vector machine. A natural scene is difficult to analyse due to many unpredicted weather and illumination conditions. This principle is also applied to traffic signs.
proposed a method of resolving such problems (e.g., colour illumination and occlusion, etc.).
Lee et al. (2015)
also tried to solve the illumination problem by proposing an illumination invariant traffic sign recognition method using the modified census transform and Fisher vector coding with the Gaussian mixture model.
proposed text area detection from road sign imagery, suggesting an IRBP (incremental right-to-left blob projection) method to overcome the limitations of template-matching-based text area detection.
The above approaches concentrate on the extraction of information from traffic sign imagery, and there have been relatively few researches on the automatic extraction of information from road sign imagery. The automatic extraction of road information from road sign imagery can be categorized into three types: text information extraction, direction information extraction, and route information extraction. For the researches related with text recognition in road signs, various computer vision techniques (e.g., image segmentation, edge detection, colour space analysis, pattern analysis) are sequentially applied (
Kim et al., 2013
Gonzalez , 2012
Huang ., 2012
). With regard to direction information extraction, composing a skeleton model with the Hausdroff distance calculation approach (
Sastre ., 2005
) and the arrow shape template matching approach (
Vavilin and Jo, 2009
Kim ., 2013
) has been tried.
Kim . (2013)
extracted the arrow regions with their proposed line scan algorithm, and extracted the directions of the arrowheads through template image matching. Although the route information is one of the most important information around the vehicle for manual safety and autonomous driving, there have been a few studies related with the extraction of route number information. In manually driving, the driver will be embarrassed with wrong route number information, which could induce the accident. Also, the car checks the prescheduled routes with the automatic recognition of route information in autonomous driving.
Soetedjo . (2010)
developed an algorithm for extracting the symbols and text regions from road signs with a normalized RGB chromaticity diagram by detecting only the route number area, without recognizing the number itself.
Vavilin and Jo (2009)
extracted some route numbers, arrow regions, and texts with colour segmentation and geometry. Those route number pixels are extracted in this approach, but the pixel group could not be recognized as a number, and the approach can extract a route number that had been laid on the arrow region. From studying the previous researches, we could know that the researcher was able to develop a route number region extraction method to differentiate the route number from other previous developed techniques. There are challenges to be overcome; however, in recognizing the route number type and matching it with the direction information.
In the paper, an approach for extracting route number information from road sign imagery is introduced. This paper is organized as follows; the following section presents the proposed route number recognition algorithm. The closed-curve areas are extracted using the chain code tracing algorithm, and non-route number areas are excluded by using the regularized size of the route number in the road sign. The route type recognition algorithm is proposed after performing colour space analysis. The route number recognition with Tesseract is also introduced in this section. Secondly, an algorithm matching the extracted route number with the direction information will be discussed with defining terminologies of the “OTW (on the way)” and “TTW (to the way).” A recognition algorithm to determine, which of OTW and TTW, is proposed based on the arrowhead’s direction and position in the road sign. The matching of route numbers and directions will be dealt with in the section. Lastly, the experiment results, achievements, and limitations of the proposed algorithm will be discussed, followed by the study’s conclusions.
2. Recognition of Route Number
In South Korea, the size (height and width) and shape of the route number in the road signs should follow the specifications in Korea Road Act. In the act, there are four types of routes: expressway, highway, rural highway, and municipal road. The
shows examples of the routes described in Road Sign Regulation published by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport of the Republic of Korea. In the
, “H” represents the height of the Korean word in the road sign. As can be seen in the
, all the routes numbers are in a closed-curve area. Therefore, the closed-curve areas are first extracted for the recognition of the route number.
(a) Expressway; (b) highway; (c) rural highway; and (d) municipal road in the Road Sign Regulation (source: MOLIT (2014))
All closed-curves are extracted using the Freeman chain code tracing algorithm. The Chain codes are used to present a boundary consisting of connected straight-line segments with a specified length and direction (
Gonzalez and Wood, 1992
). The original colour image is converted into a binary image (black and white). From searching the whole image, a point on the boundary is selected, and its coordinates are transmitted. The encoder then moves along the boundary of the region, so as transmits a symbol representing the direction of this movement at each step. If the encoder returns to the starting position, then the boundary is defined as the closed-curve. After extracting the closed-curve areas, the rectangular closed-curve areas (or the so-called “smallest enclosing boxes”) are determined. The
shows the procedures; firstly, the longest pair of points is determined for each point. Each pair composed of one line and the lines are projected into a line and a sample axis. The longest projected lines in the line and sample axes are the height and width of rectangular closed-curve area. The
shows the results of the rectangular closed-curve area extraction overlaid on the original image. The red rectangles in the
denote the extracted closed-curve areas. As seen in the
, not only the route number areas can be extracted but also boundaries of the image and letters. The extracted letters are the Korean letter “ㅇ” and the English letters “o,” “g,” “a,” “e,” and “d.”
Process of determining the rectangular closed-curve area
Extracted all rectangular closed-curve area
Among the extracted closed-curve areas, the non-route number areas are excluded by using the size regulation defined in the “Road Sign Regulation.” In this regulation, the sizes of the road signs and the height of the Korean word in the road signs are regulated by road sign type (e.g., three-direction notice sign in a two-lane road, three-direction sign in a two-lane road, three-direction notice sign in a more-than-two-lane road, etc.) For an instance, the width and height of a three-direction sign in a two-lane road should be 445 and 220 cm. In the same two-lane road, the height of the Korean word should be 30 cm. Based on the ratio of the width and height of the road sign image, and the Korean word’s “height” (“H”), road signs can be classified. Then the Korean word’s height in the image coordinate (
) can be determined in proportion to the image size of road signs. As mentioned earlier, the size of the route number area is regulated with “H,” as shown in the
. Therefore, among all the rectangular closed-curve areas (
), the route number area
is calculated as follows:
where i = 1, 2, ⋯⋯N (N is the maximum number of extracted rectangular closed-curve areas) and,
is the height of
is the width of
presents the determined rectangular closed-curve areas for the route number. As can be seen in the
, the route number areas containing 30, 32, and 616 were extracted.
Extracted rectangular closed-curve areas for the route number
Based on the colour differences, the route numbers can be classified. As discussed earlier, there are four types of routes: expressway, highway, rural highway, and municipal road. The route number is enclosed in the symbol, which denotes the type of route. The salient difference between the different symbols is the local colour distribution. In the case of the expressway, the upper part of the symbol coloured the red. The most of highway and rural highway symbols are filled with the blue and orange colours, respectively. Also, the saturation value for municipal road symbols is higher than others because a big portion of the symbols is coloured white. With the previously proposed algorithm, the route number area for an expressway contains only a number, as can be seen in the
. In case of the expressway’s red colour characteristic, if there is a red pixel at the upper part of rectangle, the rectangular closed-curve area should be expanded for it. To differentiate the red (expressway), blue (highway), and orange (municipal road) symbols, the hue image was analysed. To extract the white colour distribution ratio, the saturation image was analysed. With these heuristic analyses, the route-number-type classification process presented in the
is proposed. In the
are defined as follows;
Flowchart for the route number type classification method
in which NR
is a cardinality of pixel set R
, which is
where j = 1, 2, ⋯⋯M (M is the total number of pixels in the rectangular route number area), and s(R
) is the saturation value for the pixel, and
) is the hue value for the pixel, while
is a cardinality of the pixel set whose saturation value is more than 20 in the rectangular route number area.
in which NO
is a cardinality of pixel set O
, which is
in which NB
is a cardinality of pixel set B
, which is
Applying equations (2)-(8) and the process presented in the
, the rectangular route number areas containing the numbers 30, 32, and 616 are classified as an expressway, a highway, and a rural highway, respectively.
After extracting the rectangular route number areas, the numbers are recognized with Tesseract, which is an open-source OCR (optical character recognition) engine. A Tesseract is a free software program released under Apache License ver. 2.0, and its development has been sponsored by Google since 2006 (
). The Tesseract engine was originally developed as a proprietary software at Hewlett Packard Labs, and was released as an open-source engine in 2005. Although Tesseract is considered one of the most accurate open-source OCR engines at present (
), many misrecognized numbers could be found when if its provided dictionary is directly applied. For instances, the number “1” could be recognized as the English small letter “l,” and the number “101” could be recognized as the number “1” or the Korean word “이.” To avoid such misrecognitions, the route number’s font in a road sign was constructed as a learning data, which Tesseract engine could modify signs based on. After the application of the modified Tesseract engine, the route numbers 30, 32, and 616 are already correctly recognized, as shown in the
3. Matching Extracted Route Number with Direction Information
In Chapter 2, a method of recognizing route numbers and their type (i.e., expressway, highway, rural highway, or municipal road) was proposed. The present chapter deals with matching of the route number and type with direction information. Before the discussion of method, there are terminologies to be defined; OTW (On the Way) and TTW (To the way). The OTW means “the driver is on the way,” as the TTW means “drivers will encounter the way.” If Expressway 7 is located towards the east (as indicated by the east direction arrow), it means “If you go to the eastern direction, you will find yourself on Expressway 7”; with the terminologies, this line can be simply expressed as “North OTW Expressway 7.” If the Highway 4 is located near the northern direction arrowhead and is not located on the arrow itself, it means “If you go to the northern direction, you will encounter the Highway 4”; which could be simply expressed as “Straight TTW Highway 4.” In the
, three kinds of information can be extracted: “Straight TTW Expressway 30,” “Straight OTW Highway 32,” and “Right TTW Rural Highway.” These terminologies will be used in this paper for matching the route number and the direction information.
The direction information is recognized with the algorithm proposed by
Kim . (2013)
. The seed area for the arrow is firstly extracted using the line scan method in
Kim . (2013)
, prior to extract the arrow area with the region growing method. After detecting the feature points using the good-features tracking algorithm, the template-matching algorithm is applied to extract the arrowhead. Around the feature points, five kinds of arrowhead template expressing the east, west, north, northeast, and northwest directions are matched in the order. Finally, the direction information can be extracted by selecting the template that produces a high correlation coefficient value.
OTW or TTW route numbers are differently located depending on the type of road sign. In
, there are three types of road signs containing route numbers. The
presents these; the first one is DNS (direction notice sign) in the
that contains 2/3 DNSs and 2/3 direction in
; the second one is DS (direction sign), which contains 2/3 DSs, as shown in
, while the third one refers SDNS (simple direction notice sign), which contains 2/3 DNSs. These three road sign types can be differentiated from one another based on the ratio of the width and height of the road sign imagery following to the sizes of road signs in Road Sign Regulation. As the route numbers are differently located depending on the type of road sign, a different recognition method needs to be applied for each type.
Three types of road signs containing the route number: (a) direction notice sign (DNS); (b) direction sign (DS); and (c) simple direction notice sign (SDNS)
OTW or TTW for route numbers are recognized after composing closed polygon for the case of DNS. The
shows the concept of composing closed polygon for DNS. The closed polygon is comprised of the end of extracted arrowheads and the base point, which is generated by perpendicular projecting the end of highest arrowhead onto lower end of the image. A, B, and C denotes the end of extracted arrowheads, and D is a base point in the
. After composing the closed polygon, the position of extracted route numbers is examined. If the extracted route number is inside the closed polygon, then it is classified as OTW. The other route number, located outside of the closed polygon, is classified as TTW, while the direction of each route numbers is acquired from its nearest arrowhead. With these method, following information is acquired in the
: “Left OTW highway 37 and 47”, “Right OTW highway 47”, “Straight OTW highway 37”, “Left TTW highway 25”, “Right TTW highway 27”, and “Straight TTW highway 26”.
Concept of composing a close polygon in the case of DNS
The recognition of OTW or TTW for route numbers starts from the image segmentation in the case of DS and SDNS. As stated earlier, DS and SDNS have two or three direction signs. The image is equally divided perpendicularly into two parts (two-direction road sign) or three parts (three-direction road sign) in the case of DS. Likewise, the image is equally divided horizontally into two or three parts in the case of SDNS. Then, the existence of the route number from the end of arrowhead to the opposite direction of arrowhead is searched. If the route numbers are detected during searching, the route numbers are classified as OTW. Otherwise, the route numbers are classified as TTW. The searching is processed within each segmented image. The
presents the concept of image segmentation and determination in either OTW, or TTW. In the
, the image is divided into three equal parts since it is a three-direction sign. In left part of Fig. 8, route number 513 and 21 are detected during the search. Therefore, the following information is acquired with the suggested method: “Left TTW Highway 21”, “Left OTW Rural Highway 513”, “Straight OTW Highway 21”, “Straight TTW Expressway 35”, and “Right TTW Highway 17” in the case of
. “Straight OTW Highway 32” in the case of
Concept of image segmentation and OTW or TTW determination in the case of DS (a) and SDNS (b)
4. Experiment and Results
The proposed algorithm is applied to road sign imagery. The used imagery is acquired by MMS (Mobile Mapping System) equipped with Ladybug5 sensor, which is generated by PointGrey corporation, and laser sensor LMS 151, which is generated by SICK corporation. During the acquisition of image, the velocity of MMS is about 60 km/h. The imagery is orthorectified by using point cloud from laser sensor to manually crop the road sign section. The processing time for one image is less than one second in the Intel(R) Core™ i5-2400 CPU @3.10 GHz computer. Among the acquired imagery, the partially occluded imagery by branches or wire is excluded for the experiment.
presents imageries that were used in the experiment, and the results lists in the
. In the
, each image presents each case; (a)-(d) of DNS cases, (e)-(f) of DS cases, and (g)-(h) of SDNS cases. As seen in
, all the route numbers and their types are correctly recognized. Also, The OTW or TTW recognitions results successfully. Some errors occurred, however, during the matching of the route number with the directions. By comparing with the extracted results (
) and the experiment imageries (
), those of TTW Highway 34, TTW Highway 1, and TTW Expressway 30 have supposed to be matched with the ‘Straight’, but they turned out to be the ‘Left’ in the extracted results. The reason for error occurrence is that the route number’s direction is determined based on the distance between numbers and arrowhead. For an instance, the distance between the route number 34 and the the same route number and the northern direction arrowhead. Compared with other cases, it can be concluded that such problems occur when the place’s name is relatively long. Therefore, if the route number is matched with the place’s name after matching the place’s name with the arrowhead, such errors will not occur.
Imagery used for the experiment in this study: (a)-(d) are DNS cases; (e)-(f) were DS cases; and (g)-(h) are SDNS cases
Experiment results for the items listed inFig. 9
Experiment results for the items listed in Fig. 9
This study dealt with the extraction of route information (number and type, OTW or TTW, and direction) from road sign imageries. For the recognition of route number, the rectangular closed-curve areas for route numbers were extracted using the Freeman chain code tracing algorithm, while the size of the route number was regulated by Road Sign Regulation. The route number was extracted using the modified Tesseract software with a cropped route number area image. The route number was classified using the proposed process and equations. The equations were generated through colour space analysis with the hue and saturation value percentage for the route number area. The arrowheads were used for determining that the route number was either OTW (On the Way) or TTW (To the way). A different determination method was proposed for each route type. The extracted route numbers were matched with the direction information, based on the arrowhead direction and the distance between the route number and the arrowhead. With the experiment results, we could conclude in that the route number, route number type, OTW, or TTW were successfully recognized, but some errors occurred in matching the TTW route number with the direction information. The future research will be aimed at improving the algorithm for matching the route number with the direction information by using the sequential matching method, which matches place’s name and route number after matching the arrowhead and place’s name.
This research was supported by a grant from a Strategic Research Project (Development of driving environment prediction platform based on big data) funded by the Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology.
Traffic sign recognition system for inventory purposes
IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven
Real-time color segmentation of road signs
IEEE CCECE 2003 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering
Real time road signs recognition
Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium
13- 15 June
Text area detection of road sign images based on IRBP method
The Journal of the Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
(in Korean with English abstract)
Text recognition on traffic panels from street-level imagery
2012 Intelligent Vehicles Symposium
Alcala de Henares, Spain
Digital Image Processing
Addison-Wesley Publishing Company
Auto scene text detection based on edge and color features
2012 International Conference on Systems and Informatics
Automatic recognition of direction information in road sign image using OpenCV
Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
(in Korean with English abstract)
An illumination invariant traffic sign recognition in the driving environment for intelligent vehicles
Journal of KIISE
(in Korean with English abstract)
The road traffic sign recognition and automatic positioning for road facility management
International Journal Highway Engineering
Road sign regulation
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport
Recognition of mandatory traffic signs using the hausdorff distance
Proceedings of the 5th WSEAS International Conference on Signal Processing, Computational Geometry & Artifical Vision
Segmentation of road guidance sign symbols and characters based on normalized RGB chromaticity diagram
International Journal of Computer Applications
Graph-based approach for robust road guidance sign recognition from differently exposed images
Journal of Universal Computer Science
Google’s Tesseract OCR engine is a quantum leap forward
Automatic Road Sign Detection and Recognition, Ph.D. dissertation
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theater director Peter Brook, a legend 20th and 21st century scenarios, He died this Saturday at the age of 97, according to the newspaper ‘Le Monde’.
Born in London in 1925, the son of Jewish immigrants from Latvia, Brook In 1974 he settled in Paris, where he lived most of his life, and restored an old theater, turning it into one of the most modern stages in the French capital. Bouffes du Nord Theatre.
There he was able to apply synthesis of natural research, In works such as “The Enchanted Flute” based on Mozart’s creation.
It was known as Brook “L’enfant terrible” of the theater, cit can combine the latest innovations and the institutional with the commercial theatre.
He learned from the best, especially during his time in New York, where he took the stage.Tennessee Williams’ “Cat on a Hot Tin Roof” but also creations of Arthur Miller or Jean Genet.
Above all, it was his creation and direction.Titus Andronicus” at the Royal Shakespeare Company A before and after in his career and in the performing arts itself, where the best-known British author imposes a new vision on his work.
in 1970 Brook abandoned the traditional stages of London and made a change to the theater concept. and to create the International Center for Theater Studies, where she plays with actors from half the world, with whom she performs in the Americas, the Middle East, Africa, and above all, on the fringes and slums in search of a new connection between public and performance. .
These reflections are found in: Origin of Bouffes du Nord, a room he accidentally discovered while in ruins and, preserving that decadent spirit, inaugurated a theater that was immersed in “a more intense human experience.”
“Brook pointed to generations of artists. I discovered it when I was 16 and came to Paris and discovered another way of doing theatre.. The theory of the empty space accompanies me every day, as well as the actor’s location and the way he directs it,” director Daniel San Pedro, who recently directed “Andando Lorca 1936” at Bouffes du Nord, told EFE.
For San Pedro, who is bilingual because of his Spanish roots, By mixing languages, Brook brought modernity and clarity to theater. and artists from different countries without this problem.
“‘La Tempestad’ adaptation made an impact, so like ‘Carmen’ with opera singers. La Bouffes du Nord, which I have directed several times, is, like him, a place with a magical soul that all artists dream of.”
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| 576
| 2.1875
| 2
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The Endocrine Society, June 4-7, 2011Last Updated: June 10, 2011.
The Endocrine Society's 93rd Annual Meeting and Expo was held from June 4 to 7 in Boston and attracted more than 9,000 participants from around the world, including scientists, physicians, and allied health professionals. The conference highlighted recent advances in the diagnosis and management of endocrine and metabolic disorders and featured 2,600 abstract presentations.
In one study, Andrew Grey, M.D., of the University of Auckland in New Zealand, and colleagues found that zoledronic acid, at lower than standard doses for prevention of bone fractures due to osteoporosis, appeared to increase bone density and may prevent the risk of osteoporotic fractures. The investigators randomized 180 postmenopausal women with osteopenia to receive placebo or 1, 2.5, or 5 mg of zoledronate.
"One mg and 2.5 mg doses of zoledronate increase bone density and decrease markers of bone turnover in postmenopausal women," Grey said. "Our results suggest that trials to evaluate the effects of low doses of zoledronic acid, administered once a year, on the incidence of fractures in patients with osteoporosis are justified."
One author disclosed a financial relationship with Novartis Pharmaceuticals.
Barbara Gower, Ph.D., of the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and colleagues found that a reduction in the intake of carbohydrates may increase the loss of deep abdominal fat. The investigators evaluated 69 overweight but healthy men and women who received food for two consecutive eight-week periods: a weight maintenance intervention followed by a weight loss intervention, which cut the number of calories that each person ate by 1,000 daily. Participants received either a standard lower-fat diet or a diet with a modest reduction in carbohydrates but slightly more fat.
After the weight maintenance phase, the investigators found that individuals who consumed the moderately carb-restricted diet had 11 percent less deep abdominal fat compared to those who followed the standard diet; however, this was restricted to white individuals. During the weight loss phase, those on both diets lost weight; however, the moderately carb-restricted diet was associated with a 4 percent greater loss of total body fat.
"When paired with weight loss, consumption of a moderately reduced carbohydrate diet can help achieve a reduction of total body fat," Gower said in a statement. "These changes could help reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, stroke, and coronary artery disease."
The results of another study, led by Shuk-mei Ho, Ph.D., of the University of Cincinnati, suggested that activation of a new therapeutic target, G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), using the experimental drug G-1, a GPR30 agonist, may benefit patients with advanced, hormone-refractory prostate cancer. In a preliminary assessment, the investigators tested G-1 in an animal model of castration-resistant prostate cancer.
"Most importantly, our finding showed that this pro-drug G-1 is highly effective in inhibiting castration-resistant prostate cancer (or hormone refractory prostate cancer) in preclinical studies," Ho said. "Additionally, G-1 has very low or no toxicity in the preclinical model, making it highly conducive for treatment of advanced-stage disease. Further direction is to use these new findings to hasten phase I trials in patients. The therapy has the potential to extend remission and delay the need to use highly toxic chemotherapies."
ENDO: Age Alone Doesn't Reduce Testosterone Levels
TUESDAY, June 7 (HealthDay News) -- Age has no independent effect on testosterone levels in healthy older men, but obesity and fasting do, according to a study presented at ENDO 2011, the annual meeting of The Endocrine Society, held from June 4 to 7 in Boston.
ENDO: Pregnancy Weight Gain Linked to Baby's Body Fat
TUESDAY, June 7 (HealthDay News) -- Women who gain more than the recommended weight during pregnancy tend to give birth to babies who have a higher amount of body fat, according to a study presented at ENDO 2011, the annual meeting of The Endocrine Society, held from June 4 to 7 in Boston.
ENDO: Weight Loss May Lower Amyloid Precursor Protein
MONDAY, June 6 (HealthDay News) -- There is a considerable decrease in amyloid precursor protein (APP) and APP mRNA, and in the expression of other genes related to Alzheimer's disease following weight loss after bariatric surgery, according to a study presented at ENDO 2011, the annual meeting of The Endocrine Society, held from June 4 to 7 in Boston.
ENDO: Obesity May Increase Breast Cancer Mortality Risk
MONDAY, June 6 (HealthDay News) -- Being overweight at age 18, or obese at the time of breast cancer diagnosis, is correlated with an increased risk of breast cancer-related mortality, particularly in women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, according to a study presented at ENDO 2011, the annual meeting of The Endocrine Society, held from June 4 to 7 in Boston.
ENDO: Skin Wrinkles and Firmness Tied to Bone Density
MONDAY, June 6 (HealthDay News) -- Increased wrinkling or decreased skin firmness in early menopausal women may indicate reduced bone mineral density (BMD), according to a study presented at ENDO 2011, the annual meeting of The Endocrine Society, held from June 4 to 7 in Boston.
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12 Privileges to the Government Companies in India, This article is all the relaxation and the exemptions given to the government companies which are not given to the public companies in India. The topic has come due to the stringent provisions in the Companies Act 2013 for the public or private companies but which are not so strict in case of Government companies. This article describes the same in detail here. Check Complete details for 12 Privileges to the Government Companies in India from below article..
12 Privileges to the Government Companies in India
Benefits to the Government Company:
- The first exemption provided to the government is regarding the name of the government which should only mention “Limited” which is “Private Limited” in case of private companies.
- The place of holding the general meeting can be at any place approved by the Central Government or at the registered office of the company, which is at registered office mandatory in case of private companies.
- Section 149(1) (b) shall not apply to the government, which says that any company should not have more than 15 directors. But this section does not apply to Government Companies, which means they can have more than 15 directors.
- A Government company in which the entire paid up share capital is held by Central Government or the State Government Or by both wholly, then Section 162 will not apply, which says that a single resolution cannot be passed for appointment of 2 directors simultaneously, which is not applicable to the Government companies.
- The requirement to maintain the register of the Directors under Section 170 and 171 have been relaxed and not applicable in case of Government which gives opinion that there is no need to maintain the register for the directors.
- The strict provisions under Section 185 relating to the Loans to Directors have been relaxed and made not applicable to the Government Companies and they are not required to comply with the provisions of the Act.
- Along with Section 185 which relates to the Loan to Directors, Section 186 which tells about the Investments by the company is not applicable to the Government companies which are engaged in the business of the Defense Production.
- The cognizance of the offence made by any of the Government Company will not be encouraged by any of the courts and have to be dealt with themselves only, unless complaint is being made in writing and the person authorized by the Central Government has made it.
- Section 197 relating to the remuneration to the managerial personnel would not apply to the Government Companies and limits prescribed there in would also not form part of the policy of the company. The interpretation of the same means that the government company can provide any amount of remuneration to its director as much as he wants.
- The filing of the MCA forms relating to the appointment of the director have been relaxed and not to be filed in case of the appointment of the director by Central Government or the State Government.
- Section 129 of the Act, which stands for the Segment reporting incase the company has the segment has been relaxed and the compliance of AS-17 has been made voluntary for the Government Company.
- The declaration which needs to be given in the normal company regarding the beneficial interest in the company has been removed in case of the Government Company and not required to follow the same. (Section 89 and 90 not applicable.)
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Effects of wilfire on landscape, wildlife go beyond the flames
The potential impacts of the fires currently sweeping through parts of the state — and forecast throughout this hot, dry summer — will not end when the flames go out. And, ironically, the water on which humans and wildlife depend may be one of the key resources at risk.
After a burned hillside is left denuded of trees and brush, it becomes a potential ground zero for mudslides and other forms of erosion once rains begin later in the summer.
That erosion can deposit large amounts of ash and what was once a forest floor into rivers and streams, potentially suffocating fish populations and hampering drinking water supplies.
Outside Glenwood Springs, for instance, large flows of debris sloughed off burned slopes following major fires in 2002 and — covering some of I-70 and damming part of the Colorado River — in 1994.
For Colorado’s fish, wildfires and any resulting impacts are nothing new, of course, but sediment can become just another hazard for the endangered and threatened fish that call the state’s streams home.
In New Mexico, officials were working to move threatened Gila trout out of streams that could be impacted by fires burning in that state this week.
Currently, none of the fires burning in Colorado are impacting streams where similarly imperiled fish live, said Randy Hampton, spokesman for Colorado Parks and Wildlife. But 10 years later his agency is still working to fully bring back fisheries in areas impacted by 2002’s Hayman fire, south of Denver.
“Wildfire is both good and bad for wildlife,” he said, noting that, for the most part, it creates better habitat for forest animals. “But most of the negative impacts will be on fish.”
For three years following that blaze, ash- and sediment-laden runoff would wash off the burned area following every rain, potentially clogging the gills of and suffocating fish in the South Platte and other rivers, he said.
That slurry and ash creates short-term problems for fish.
“That’s because it’s not water. Anything in a large quantity where there’s not enough water to thin it out would have an impact” — even, say, iced tea — Hampton said.
The only thing that can be done is to work with the U.S. Forest Service and other groups to revegetate the burned areas and quickly and effectively as possible.
That also is the primary tactic for preventing fires’ posthumous impacts on the water humans need.
Once a fire is put out, acres of ash remain on the ground. If that fire is in a watershed, such as Grand Junction’s along Kannah Creek or Palisade’s watershed just north of that, rains can wash that ash and mud all the way down to the intake pump that funnels the water into the pipelines that bring it to reservoirs.
In July 2011, a small fire burned 40 acres of watershed land not far from that intake. In the weeks that followed, Slade Connell, Grand Junction’s water supply supervisor and the man responsible for ensuring water continues to flow, clean and unimpeded, through the watershed, checked the burned area every day for runoff of ash and other debris.
If runoff had started heading toward Kannah Creek or its tributaries, he would have temporarily shut off the intake, allowing the runoff to continue downstream rather than through the pipes to the reservoirs—not too difficult of a solution, but one that requires frequent monitoring.
Grand Junction also is lucky in that its water comes from three basins — Kannah Creek, the north fork of Kannah Creek and Whitewater Creek — so “if we have a disaster in one of these basins, we can rely on the others,” according to the Greg Trainor, the city’s utilities director.
But the potential still exists for a massive, watershed-wide fire. As the Daily Sentinel reported in April, conditions could be just right for catastrophic fires this year, though utilities officials are confident that they can cope with even massive fires by relying on the different basins or shutting off the intake.
Trainor said in April that, in theory, they could shut off all water into Juniata Reservoir, the city’s largest, for a year and still have enough in that reservoir alone to meet the city’s needs.
But management efforts have tried to reduce the need for those last-resort measures.
In July 2008, the Grand Complex fire burned about 1,500 acres of watershed land along Coal Creek. That fire coincidentally took care of a portion of the prescribed burns that had been slated for the watershed in order to limit the potential of a much bigger fire. Crews worked daily to herd the blaze away from tributaries to Kannah Creek and to carve the nearly impassable brush into a mosaic intended to slow and direct the fire to where it would bring the most benefits and lowest impacts.
Most fires in the watershed in recent decades have been small, leaving overgrown stands to gradually get bigger, thicker and potentially more dangerous once they eventually catch fire, so in 2007, the city entered into a fire fuel-management plan with the U.S. Forest Service to control-burn, hydro-ax and hand-thin the areas of most critical concern.
The area impacted by the Grand Complex fire was reseeded as quickly as possible, Trainor said, and, though there were some problems immediately following the blaze, he said that there have been no problems with runoff-impacted water recently.
“We’re very fortunate that we’ve got these three basins and that we haven’t had a fire so catastrophic that we couldn’t overcome it within a few years” he said.
This article is part of a grant-funded project in cooperation with Colorado Mesa University to report on issues of environmental concern.
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This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages)
ColaLife is an independent non-profit organisation, which became a registered charity on 21 June 2011 (charity number 1142516). ColaLife's name comes from the following question: “Coca-Cola seems to get everywhere in developing countries, yet life-saving medicines don't. Why?”. ColaLife studied the techniques used by the producers of fast moving consumer goods (FMCGs) to get their products into the hands of people living in remote areas of Africa and applied the same techniques with the aim of improving access to diarrhoea treatment. From May 2008 until the end of 2013 ColaLife received advisory support from The Coca-Cola Company (TCCC) during the planning and implementation of a quasi-experimental design and distribution trial in Zambia to test ColaLife's approach.
|Type||Registered charity (1142516)|
|Headquarters||London, United Kingdom|
ColaLife works through partnerships of local organisations in each country to help them to adapt and adopt ColaLife's approach. The organisation is not affiliated to The Coca-Cola Company (TCCC) or any other organisation and its work with others does not imply an endorsement of any product or brand.
1988 - 2008Edit
In 1988, Simon Berry was working on the British Aid Programme in NE[where?] Zambia, conscious that while he could buy a bottle of Coke anywhere, one in every five children under the age of five died in these areas through simple causes such as dehydration through diarrhea. So he had the idea that Coca-Cola's distribution muscle could be used to distribute oral rehydration salts in developing countries. At that time, with only a telex machine available, he struggled to get any attention for his idea.
2008 - mid-2010Edit
In 2008 Coca-Cola's participation at the Business Call To Action event re-kindled the idea. The active work for Cola Life was started with a first blog post in the [ founder's personal Blog. This Blog post did not attract Coca-Cola's attention, so Berry decided to try to get the idea debated on the BBC Radio 4 programme, iPM.
In-parallel, first attempts to communicate with Coca-Cola failed, because it was not possible to get past the first line in Coca-Cola's CSR department. Social media technologies such as Facebook, Flickr and Twitter, helped get more people behind the idea quickly.
On 21 May 2008 Berry was interviewed by Eddie Mair for the iPM[which?] Programme. The interview was broadcast on 24 May. Three days before the broadcast, the iPM team received a written statement from Coca-Cola's then Global Director for Stakeholder Relations, Salvatore Gabola, that he would "be happy to have a chat on this subject with Simon in the near future". Eddie Mair coined the term Aidpod in his interview with Simon Berry broadcast on 27 Dec 2008 to describe the container containing medicine that fitted between the necks of the bottles in Coca-Cola crates.
This was the start of an ongoing relationship between the ColaLife campaign and TCCC. Since this first contact with TCCC and the first report about ColaLife on the BBC, the campaign has won supporters from all around the world. In August 2009 Simon Berry and Jane Berry co-founded ColaLife as a Company Limited by Guarantee.
mid-2010 - 2013Edit
In 2010, ColaLife's co-founders (Simon Berry and his wife Jane Berry) decided to work full-time for ColaLife to move it from a campaign into a trial phase. They short-listed five countries where they considered a trial would be feasible and Zambia was among these. They first visited Zambia in October 2010 to gauge interest amongst local actors including Zambia's Ministry of Health. Interest was high and two further visits were undertaken in January and May 2011 when a trial plan was finalised and agreed with local partners.
On 21 June 2011 ColaLife was granted Charity status (charity number 1142516). The co-founders resigned as Directors and handed control to four trustees, subsequently increased to five.
During the same period the ColaLife co-founders were invited to join Johnson & Johnson’s internal Innovation Boot Camp. Here they received training and mentoring from Johnson & Johnson staff and personnel from the Antwerp Management School. This culminated in an award of $250,000 from the Johnson & Johnson Corporate Citizenship Trust (JJCCT) towards the cost of the proposed trial.
In October 2011 the ColaLife co-founders moved to Zambia and in November 2011 the UK’s Department for International Development (DfID) agreed to provide the remaining funding to run the trial.
The nine-month set-up phase for the trial began in December 2011. During this period the design of the diarrhoea treatment kit was finalised in consultation with caregivers. The kit was branded Kit Yamoyo, meaning Kit of Life in local languages. It won the Design Museum’s ‘Product Design of the Year’ in 2013.
The trial started in August 2012 and ran until September 2013. The trial was commissioned by UNICEF Zambia and the Principal Investigator was Dr Rohit Ramchandani then a DrPH Candidate at Johns Hopkins School of Public Health. Rohit Ramchandani had contacted the founders in April 2010, offering his services, voluntarily in the first instance. Doctor Ramchandani has gone on to publish the key trial findings.
The results of the trial were published by the UK's Department for International Development, a co-funder of the trial. In the 12 months of the trial, retailers serving the 2 implementation districts, remote rural communities, bought 26,000 diarrhoea treatment kits. Diarrhoea treatment rates with Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) and Zinc increased from less than 1% to 46% and the distance caregivers had to travel to access the medicine was reduced by two thirds (from 7.3km to 2.4km). The full results were published in Dr Ramchandani's DrPH thesis which was successfully defended in December 2015.
Both DfID and JJCCT provided limited transitional funding from the end of the trial (Dec 2013) until 2014 while ColaLife sought funding to scale-up the approach in Zambia.
2014 - dateEdit
After failing to raise funding for a nationwide scale-up in Zambia, Cola Life and its local partner – Keepers Zambia Foundation – changed strategy and bid for funding under sub-national programmes.
In February 2015 scale-up work started in the 14 most nutritionally challenged districts in Zambia under Zambia's Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) programme. In 5 of these districts the project works with small retailers. Eleven districts are being supplied with a public sector ORS/Zinc co-pack, based on the Kit Yamoyo design. This is being given away free through hospitals and clinics.
In October 2015 scale-up work started in Lusaka Province with ColaLife deploying its Healthcare Innovation Award from GSK and Save the Children, match-funding the UK Government's UK AID Direct Programme.
In December 2015 Zambia's largest supermarket chain, Shop rite, starting stocking Kit Yamoyo in their 26 stores nationwide. Shoprite has subsequently expanded to 30 stores. In April 2016 ColaLife was accepted into the Ashoka Globalizer programme and in October 2016 presented its plan to spread its social impact beyond Zambia.
|2015||The UK Packaging Awards||Winner: 'Resource Efficient Pack of the Year' |
|2015||INDEX: Award 2015 (Designs to improve life)||Finalist with honourable mention |
|2014||GSK and Save the Children Fund||Winner |
|2014||FT/IFC Transformational Business Award (Health)||Winner |
|2013||Business is Great (Innovation)||Elected as a Great British Innovation |
|2013||Innovation by Design Award||Winner - Social Good Category |
|2013||Breakthrough Innovation for Child Health (UN)||One of 10 innovations showcased at the UN General Assembly |
|2013||Observer Ethical Awards||Winner - Products and Services |
|2013||25th DuPont Packaging Awards||Overall winner (Diamond Award) |
|2013||Product Design of the Year 2013 (Design Museum)||Winner |
|2011||Making More Health Award||Winner |
|2010||Buckminster Fuller Challenge||One of 30 semi-finalists and selected for the Ideas Bank|
|2010||UnLtd Award for Social Entrepreneurs||Awarded £15,000 towards living expenses to work full-time to move ColaLife to the implementation phase|
- "Diarrhoea:Why children are still dying and what can be done" (PDF). World Health Organization. p. 1. Retrieved 2010-08-11.
- "Using Coca-Cola's Distribution Muscle".
- "Is Coca-Cola it?". BBC.
- "On this week's iPM: coke, games and 'cell' phones".
- "Designs of the Year Awards category winners announced". Dezeen. 10 April 2013.
- Ramchandani, Rohit (2016). Emulating Commercial, Private-Sector Value-Chains To Improve Access To ORS And Zinc In Rural Zambia: Evaluation Of The Colalife Trial (Thesis). Johns Hopkins School of Public Health.
- "Evaluation report: COLALIFE operational report Zambia". UK Government.
- "UK Packaging Awards 2016". New Statesman. 8 August 2016.
- "Index: Award 2015 Finalists".
- "Winners of the 2014 GSK and Save the Children Healthcare Innovation Award".
- "FT/IFC Transformational Business Award Winners (2014)".
- "Britain is GREAT".
- "2013 Innovation By Design Awards: Social Good". 12 March 2014.
- "Breakthrough Innovation for Child Health (UN)". 23 September 2013.
- "Observer Ethical Awards 2013". 15 June 2013.
- "DuPont Packaging Award Winners 2013".
- "Designs of the Year Award Winners 2013 (Design Museum)". 10 April 2013.
- "Making More Health Awards (Boehringer Ingelheim and Ashoka)".
- "The 2010 Buckminster Fuller Challenge Semi-Finalists". The Buckminster Fuller Institute.
- "UnLtd Level 2 Award Winners" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-07-04. Retrieved 2010-08-11.
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Botanical name: Operculina turpethum Family: Convolvulaceae (Morning glory family)
Synonyms: Merremia turpethum, Ipomoea turpethum
Transparent Wood Rose is a herbaceous, somewhat hairy vine reaching a length of 5 meters or more. The stems are often purplish, prominently 2- to 4- angled, and narrowly winged. The leaves are entire, ovate, 5-15 cm long, narrowing to a pointed tip, and broad, somewhat heart-shaped, or straight at the base. The inflorescences (cymes) have few straight flowers and are borne in the axils of the leaves. The sepals are green, and ovate to oblong-ovate; the outer two, 2-3 cm long, are larger than the inner three, and hairy, somewhat fleshy, and usually purplish on the fruit. The corolla is white, bell-shaped, and about 4 cm long, with the limb 4 cm wide. The capsules is rounded, being 1-1.5 cm in diameter, and contains normally 4 black, smooth seeds.
Medicinal uses: In the Philippines the root, either pulverized or in alcoholic tincture, is employed as a drastic purgative. The dried and powdered root-bark is considered cathartic and laxative, resembling jalap in its action. It is a drastic purgative of phlegmatic humors and bile. With ginger, it is particularly beneficial in rheumatic and paralytic affections. In India the fresh bark of the root is rubbed with milk and employed as a purgative.
Identification credit: Prashant Awale
The flower labeled Transparent Wood Rose is ...
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Program ‘Potentially Promising Care’
The aim of the research program ‘Potentially Promising Care’ is to expedite patient access to potentially promising interventions. This program, which came into effect on the 1st of February 2019, is run by Zorginstituut Nederland and ZonMw.
Inclusion in the standard health care package
Care can only reimbursed from the Dutch standard health care package if it is as effective, or better than, the current standard of care in the Netherlands. In other words, it has to comply with the Dutch statutory criterion ‘established medical science and medical practice’. Results from high-quality research are needed to determine whether care is (at least) as effective as the standard of care. Such research is often expensive, demands extensive expertise and takes many years to be executed.
This research program can offer temporary funding for potentially promising interventions that are not reimbursed from the Dutch standard health care package. Funding is only granted if high-quality research data are collected during the subsidy period which can be used in the future to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the intervention. A subsidy is granted for a maximum of 6 years. Within six months after a project has ended, Zorginstituut Nederland will use the research data to assess whether or not the treatment can be reimbursed from the Dutch standard health care package.
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When AO-51 enters daylight the solar arrays start charging the batteries. This can be observed in the telemetry as a sudden increase of the current from the solar arrays. This time; however, a sudden drop in the current was observed shortly after the current started to increase, see the graph below.
The time and place where this unexpected drop occurred suggested that the satellite might have experienced the solar eclipse that was about to happen over the southern Pacific. It was Masa san, JN1GKZ, who noticed this and reported it on the AMSAT BB where after Mark, N8MH sent out the telemetry graph shown above.
A quick simulation using the Celestia space simulator confirmed that this was indeed the case. The video below shows how it may have looked like from the satellite.
You can try it for yourself. Celestia is available as free download from http://shatters.net/celestia – it’s a great space simulator for demonstration and educational purpose. You will have to add the data for the satellite. You can use my data to begin with, download from here: http://files.oz9aec.net/video/SolarEclipse/ao51.zip
Unpack the ao51.zip file to the “extras” folder of Celestia, start the program and find AO-51 (type ENTER, AO-51, ENTER, then press “g” to go to the satellite). Enjoy!
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UVC light can kill foodborne pathogens on fruits
Posted: 28 July 2015 | Victoria White | No comments yet
Scientists have shown that ultraviolet C (UVC) light is effective against foodborne pathogens on the surface of certain fruits…
The growing organic produce industry may soon have a new way to ensure the safety of fresh fruits.
Scientists at Washington State University have shown that ultraviolet C (UVC) light is effective against foodborne pathogens on the surface of certain fruits.
The findings are expected to be welcome news for organic fruit processors who seek alternatives to chemical sanitisers to help prevent food borne illnesses.
After learning from organic farmers and food processors about a lack of sanitising options, WSU food safety specialist Shyam Sablani and his colleagues looked into alternatives and decided to explore UVC light. It has a shorter wavelength than ultraviolet A or B light.
“UVC radiation is present in sunlight; however, it is completely absorbed by the ozone layer and Earth’s atmosphere” Sablani explained. “It has germicidal properties and can be effective against bacteria, mold and viruses.”
UVC light, which cannot penetrate opaque, solid objects, can be effective in sanitising surfaces. The technology, which has been around for several years, has been used to effectively sanitize food contact surfaces as well as drinking water and contaminated air.
UVC is more effective on smooth-surfaced fruits like apples and pears
It works on microorganisms by destroying nucleic acid and disrupting their DNA. But the light did not affect the chemical or physical quality of the fruit in the study.
Sablani and his colleagues exposed apples, pears, strawberries, raspberries and cantaloupe to different doses of UVC to determine how effective the pathogen-killing light was against a mix of strains of E. coli and listeria. They found that the light can inactivate up to 99.9%of pathogens on apples and pears. However, listeria was more UVC resistant than E. coli.
“If you have smoother skinned fruit, then this technology is really great,” Sablani said. “If the fruits are very rough and if the level of contamination is low, it also works quite well.”
The UVC light inactivated 90% of pathogens present on rough-surfaced fruit. Rough surfaces of strawberries, raspberries and cantaloupe offer places where pathogens can literally hide, reducing the effects of UVC light. If bacterial contamination levels are high, then UVC technology alone may not be sufficient to achieve the desired level of effectiveness.
Sablani said research is underway to increase the effectiveness of UVC light on fruits with rough surfaces.
Adding UVC lamps to a fruit packing line does not require major modification. UVC lamps enclosed behind protective barriers can be easily set up in a tunnel that exposes fruit to the light as it passes on a conveyor belt.
The study was published in the International Journal of Food Microbiology.
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Crossroads At Meade Peace Day 2014
Each year the International Day of Peace is celebrated around the world on 21 September. The international peace day is for strengthening the ideals of peace both within and among all nations and peoples. Peace is more than the absence of war. It is a state of being in balance and harmony. Peace is about how we handle problems and how we get along with others. We should do at least one thing on Peace day.
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Rating is available when the video has been rented.
This feature is not available right now. Please try again later.
Uploaded on Nov 3, 2007
At the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge, autonomous vehicles shared the course, completing "missions" and returning to a traffic circle after each task. Team Cornell arrived, followed closely by Team MIT, and both went for the same GPS waypoint at the same time...
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…restitution not a preserve of the Jews
By Nthungo YaAfrika
AFRICA does not need platitudes, but implementation of Leviticus 6 verses 1-7: The Lord said to Moses:
“If anyone sins and is unfaithful to the Lord by deceiving a neighbour about something entrusted to them or left in their care or about something stolen, or if they cheat their neighbour, or if they find lost property and lie about it, or if they swear falsely about any such sin that people may commit — when they sin in any of these ways and realise their guilt, they must return what they have stolen or taken by extortion, or what was entrusted to them, or the lost property they found, or whatever it was they swore falsely about.
They must make restitution in full, add a fifth of the value to it and give it all to the owner on the day they present their guilty offering. And as a penalty they must bring to the priest, that is, to the Lord, their guilt offering, a ram from the flock, one without defect and of the proper value. In this way, the priest will make atonement for them before the Lord, and they will be forgiven for any of the things they did that made them guilty.”
Pope Francis’ visit from July 25-30 to Canada’s indigenous population was a sham as he did not read and practice Leviticus 6 verses 1-7.
Although they corrupted ‘The Way Of Yahweh’ and called it their ‘Holy Bible’, they failed to totally extinguish the truth, as no human being can ever bury Yahweh’s truth.
If the Pope was genuine, he should have told the Canadian Government about this chapter and talked about compensating the indigenous people of Canada.
The Patriot of July 22-28, 2022 had an article titled, ‘Are we really a race with no soul?’
The article began thus: “At the beginning of the 15th Century, the Roman Catholic Church provided the ‘ethical’ base for the enslavement of American natives and studier Africans, stating that, ‘unlike Europeans, the Africans have no Soul’.”
This is still the same today because the Pope ‘apologised’ to light-skinned natives like himself of Canada first before the remnants of slavery in the US, the Caribbean Islands, South America and here on the motherland, who suffered colonialism.
The natives in Canada were never relocated from their homeland like the Africans (Nahasis).
Because of the statement of the Catholic Church, Africa has never recovered and regained her Yahweh-given self-worth.
Robin Walker from his book When We Ruled, shows how the motherland was before being overrun by Tambous (whites) at the instigation of the Roman Catholic Church and I am sure the Pope is well aware of this.
This is what European merchants, travellers and explorers saw when they visited Africa 500-or-more years ago, before slavery.
Writes Walker: “When they arrived in the Gulf of Guinea and landed at Vaida (West Africa) the captains were astonished to find streets well laid out, bordered on either side for several leagues by two rows of trees; for days we travelled through a country of magnificent fields, inhabited by men clad in richly clad coloured garments of their own weaving.
According to Professor Leo Frobenius: “Further south in the Kingdom of the Congo, a swarming crowd dressed in ‘silk’ and ‘velvet’; great states well-ordered and down to the most minute details: powerful rulers, flourishing industries – civilised to the marrow of the bones.
And the condition of the countries on the eastern coast- Mozambique, for an example – was quite the same.
And they told those old captains, those chiefs of expeditions the De Marchis, the Pigafettas and all others what they told is true.
It can be verified.
In the old royal Kunstkammer of Dresden, the Weydmann collection of Ulm, in many other European ‘curiosity cabinets’ one still finds collection of objects from
West Africa dating from that epoch; wonderful plush velvets of an extreme softness, made from the tenderest leaves of a certain banana tree; stuffs, soft and pliant brilliant and delicate as silks, woven with well-prepared raffi fibre, ceremonial javelins – their blades to the very points inlaid with the finest copper, bows so graceful, and ornamented so beautiful that they would do honour to any museum of arms whatsoever; calabashes decorated with the most perfect taste; sculpture of ivory and wood, the workmanship of which reveals skill and style.”
These narratives were first-hand supplied to Phillipo Pigafetta by a slave trader Duarte Lopes.
Pigafetta says the Congo measured 1 685 miles in circumference and was divided into six administrative provinces.
The capital Mbanza Kongo lay in the province of Mpemba.
It had a population of 100 000 people and was already cosmopolitan.
Some Portuguese lived there.
Moreover Christianity had spread to the region.
The Congolese King Nzinga a Kuwu had been baptised and renamed Dom Affonso.
The Portuguese who lived there had their town and it measured one mile.
This, I conclude, led to the downfall of the Congo Empire.
The Portuguese knew the weakness and the strength of this empire and the rest as they say is history.
In 1520 the Portuguese sent Francisco Alvarez a friar to Ethiopia to convert them to Roman Catholic Christianity but found them already converted and they were observing Coptic Christianity.
He saw the Ethiopian city Lalibela which contained 11 underground churches.
He was so overawed by what he saw that he wrote thus to his countrymen: “I swear by God in whose power I am, that all that is written, and I have left it (out) that they may not tax me with it’s being falsehood.”
This is from a Dutch visitor, Diereck Ruyters: “At first the town seems to be very large; when one enters it one comes into a great broad street which appears to be seven-or-eight times broader than the Warne Street in Amsterdam (Holland); this extends straight out, and when one has walked a quarter mile along it, he still does not see the end of the street.
The houses in this town stand in good order one close to the other, like houses in Holland.”
This is from Thomas Bowditch, an Englishman in 1817. His book Mission from Cape Coast to Asante was published in 1819.
This is what he says about Kumasi: “We entered Kumasi at two o’clock.
Upwards of 5 000 people, the greater part warriors, met us with an awful burst of martial music.
The smoke which encircled us from the incessant discharges of marquetry confined our glimpses in the foreground.
The dress of the captains was a war cap, with gilded rams horns projecting in front, the sides extended beyond all proportion by plumes of eagle feathers. Their vest was of red, covered with fetishes (ie) and sapphires in gold and silver.
They wore loose cotton trousers, with immense boots of dull red leather, coming half way to the thigh.
The king, his tributaries and his captains were resplendent in the distance, surrounded by attendants of every description.
At least 100 large umbrellas, or canopies, which could shelter 30 persons, were sprung up and down by the bearers with brilliant effect, being made of scarlet yellow and the most (sic) cloths and silk and crowned on top with crescent, pelicans barrels and arms and swords of gold.”
Kanem Borno Kingdom
The English sent yet another fact-finding mission into West Africa.
This was led by a German called, Dr Henry Barth.
The findings were published between 1857 and 1858. During his travels, Dr Barth heard that African historians in the 1600 had already mapped the early history of the region.
The Book, Tarikh a Soudan, was still in circulation. William Winhood Reade wrote this about Denham and Clapperton: “Denham and Clapperton were astonished to find among the Negroes magnificent courts; regiment of cavalry; horses caparisoned in silk for gala days and clad in coats of mail for war, long trains of camel laden with salt corn and cloth with cowrie shells which form the currency – and kola nuts which Arabs call the coffee of Negroes.
They attended with wonder the gigantic fairs at which the cotton goods of Manchester, the real cloth of Saxony, double barreled guns, razors, tea and sugar, Nuremberg ware and writing paper were exhibited for sale.
They also found merchants who offered to cash their bills (i.e. cheques) upon houses at Tripoli; and scholars, acquainted with Avicennd, Averrors and Greek philosophers.”
Djenne, the mysterious
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This is Major Dubois’ narrative about the Songhai: “As my boat approaches, the banks and walls of the city (of Djenne in Mali) emerge in greater proportions from the encircling water.
At their feet, I can distinguish a harbour filled with large boats that have nothing in common with the accustomed piroque.
They were larger and strange in form, like the city that shelters them.
When I climbed the bank and entered the walls, my surprise took definite form, I was completely bewildered and thrown out of reckoning by the novelty and strangeness of the town’s interior.
Surely the angel of Habakkuk has suddenly transported me a thousand leagues away from the Sudan (i.e. Africa).
For it is not in the heart of a country of eternally similar huts (childish in their simplicity and confusion) that I should look to find a real town.”
The above were destroyed because of the utterances and actions of the Roman Catholic Church as alluded elsewhere in this article.
The spear of our destruction was Portugal and Spain.
The Pope must activate Leviticus 6 verses 1-7 before he retires in order for the motherland to reclaim her past glory and not a penitent visit to every country on the motherland.
He must address us as a continent because Africa was one country, one people and not 54 peoples inhabiting 54 countries before whites imposed themselves on us and then divided us in 1884.
The Jews got compensated, why not us the blacks?
If the Pontiff does not raise this, then, he also still believes we still don’t have a soul.
Why then worry about soulless people.
Credit however, must be given to him as he uttered the word ‘genocide’ about the Catholic behaviour in Canada but, this must be followed by reparations to the indigenous people of Canada.
Reparation must not be a preserve of the Jews because they are deemed white.
The missionaries were actually military personnel on reconnaissance and they achieved their missions.
History is a fable agreed on, said their hero Napoleon Bonaparte.
We as Africans must rewrite our story and leave a worthwhile legacy for our descendants.
In 1957 during Ghana’s independence, Kwame Nkrumah said a new African was born.
He forgot to mention that without retracing and claiming our past, we will always be in the doldrums.
Some might ask, what past and to these I urge them to read Lord Macaulay’s address to the British Parliament in 1835 and the letter by King Leopold II to his missionaries to Africa in 1883.
These two knew where our ancestors’ strength came from but we don’t because of the three evils among us we physically and spiritually cherish, Western religion, education and politics.
Nthungo yaAfrika, aka J.L. Mtembo is a Hamite who strongly believes in the motherland renaissance.
For views and comments, email: email@example.com
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To put it simply – soil is to vegetable plants what food is to humans. With little or no food – human become sick and would eventually perish. The same goes for those tomato and pepper plants in your garden! If the soil is bad – they get deprived of nutrition – and quickly wilt or die.
So how can you build strong, vibrant, long-lasting soil? One thing is for sure – expensive synthetic fertilizers are not the answer. They are temporary fixes to a problem that can leave your soil weak, unstable, and full of excess salts and chemicals. In addition – the more you use – the more you will keep needing adding to attain the same results. Why get into that vicious cycle – when there are simple, inexpensive ways to naturally create great soil.
The good news is that no matter where you live – or what the current state of your soil – you can improve it naturally – and inexpensively! Here are some great tips on doing just that:
Plant A Green Manure Crop This Spring
The best way to feed your garden soil is to give back what you have been taking from it – nutrients! One of the easiest and least expensive ways to do that is to plant a “green manure” crop in the spring. Green Manure is nothing more than the sowing of an inexpensive cover crop like annual rye, clover, or buckwheat – and then turning it back into the soil to give back all of its rich nutrients. It can be done in the early spring in as little as 4 weeks – right before you plant that summer vegetable crop. The best part – its cheap! We plant all of our raised rows in our 40 x 60 garden in a green manure each spring – usually for around $6 in seed. For more info – see our post on : How To Plant A Green Manure Crop This Spring.
Add Compost To Your Planting Holes
As you plant your vegetables this year – get in the habit of always mixing in a good shovel full of aged and finished compost into each and every planting hole. Most cannot make enough compost to spread thick layers all over their growing beds – so instead – put it where it counts the most – right into the soil around your plants! Compost is full of all kinds of nutrients that will feed your plants throughout the year. And as you continue planting each year – all of those compost filled holes begin to add up to better soil! See: Composting 101 Tips and Tricks
Side Dress Your Plants During The Summer:
Here is another great tip to building great soil while helping your plants along. Side dress (or mulch) your plants with compost throughout the growing season. We put about a two-inch covering around the base of each plant to act as a mulch. It also acts a slow release natural fertilizer that supplies plants with nutrients as it decomposes, or as it’s watered by mother nature or you. It also acts as mulch for the plants – regulating the soil temperature and suppressing weeds. See: 5 Ways To Effectively Use Compost In The Garden
Keep Open Soil Covered Up With A Natural Mulch
This one is so important to keeping good soil! All of that hard work you put in by adding compost and using cover crops can be lost through simple erosion if your soil is left uncovered. Wind and rain and the hot summer sun take its toll on exposed soil – and studies have shown you can lose over an inch or two of topsoil in just a year if soil is left barren. So make good use of grass clippings, shredded leaves, straw and other organic materials to cover up and mulch your exposed garden soil. It not only protects the soil from erosion – but provides even more valuable nutrients as it breaks down. Best of all – it keeps weeds and weeding to a minimum! What’s better than that?! See: The Basics Of Mulching In The Garden and Landscape
Plant That Fall Cover Crop This Year!
As that garden season comes to an end this year – make sure you get that soil covered back up with a nutrient filled, soil saving cover crop that not only protects your soil through winter – but gives back all of it’s goodness when you turn it back over in the spring. A cover crop is just like a green manure crop – except you let it overwinter to protect your soil. We now practice both the fall/winter cover crop and the spring green manure crop of annual rye in our garden beds – doubling up the nutrients we give back to the soil. In just a few years – our soil has become full of structure and nutrients – and is simple to work. See: Cover Crops Basics
Keep Making Compost!
Last – if you’re not making compost – get busy! If you are – make more! The biggest obstacle most people face when making compost is coming up with enough raw materials to create large piles. You can check out our article on Finding More Ways To Make Compost for tips on overcoming a lack of raw materials.
Happy Gardening and Building – Jim and Mary!
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Full profile →'">
The author is a Forbes contributor. The opinions expressed are those of the writer.
Josh Buckley grew up an hour from London but from the time he was 11 years old, he was destined to move to the hub of high tech -- Silicon Valley.
And Buckley's is a particularly interesting journey in light of my research into the Silicon Valley Start-up Common (SVSC). That's because the idea of the Common in economics originated in a field in an English village where everyone brought their animals to graze.
If the community did not overconsume the grass and kept it fertilized and fresh, then it was a useful resource for generations. If a few farmers let their animals eat too much, the whole thing died and the community fell apart. That unpleasant outcome was dubbed the Tragedy of the Commons.
In Silicon Valley, there is a start-up common. Instead of grass, it consists of various ingredients – capital and skills like product development, managing teams, sales and marketing -- needed for start-ups to get off the ground and grow. First-time entrepreneurs network to tap those ingredients and if they are successful, then they give back to the common to benefit the next generation of start-ups.
As he described in an August 10 interview, when Buckley taught himself to program at the age of 11, people hired him to build web sites for them -- one customer paid him $2,000 for a web site. His parents were happy to see he was using his computer skills to earn some money, rather than playing video games.
But he got bored doing this after two years and when he was 14, he produced programming tutorials that were being used by tens of thousands of people. His company, Menewsha, had a team of 10 people and someone bought it in 2007 for "six figures."
After that, Buckley set out to decide what to do next. He spent some of his cash pile traveling to the U.S. and Thailand. And he started building up his high tech network -- meeting start-up CEOs in London -- some of which he gave capital. One of the more successful ones was DailyBooth which later raised $7 million from Ignition Partners and Sequoia Capital.
In high school, Buckley was leading a double life. From 9 to 5 he would be in school and then he would take the train to London to attend a technology event there and return home at 1 in the morning. Then he would get up at 7 to prepare for school.
But the lure of Silicon Valley was strong. At the age of 18, in October 2010, Buckley became the youngest person ever accepted into the famous Y Combinator, the elite Silicon Valley start-up accelerator run by Paul Graham.
Now Buckley is running MinoMonsters -- a creator of mobile games and digital brands that he started in December 2010. It employs 10 people in San Francisco. And it raised "$1 million in seed financing from Andreessen Horowitz, SV Angel, Y Combinator, Yuri Milner, General Catalyst, Ignition Partners, Raymond Tonsing, and Alexis Ohanian," according to Forbes' Tomio Geron.
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This post is also available in: Spanish
Panama is host to undiscovered places of exuberant natural beauty. One of them is Coiba National Park. This is a World Heritage Natural Site, consisting of a group of islands in the Pacific Ocean, south of the Veraguas Province. The park boasts incredible biodiversity.
Numerous fish, lobsters, and snails inhabit the reefs of Coiba, the large island. Larger animals such as leatherback turtles, whale sharks, manta rays, dolphins, marlin, sail fish and tuna regularly visit these waters, too. Humpback whales visit the islands from July to October to give birth and mate.
On land one can find 36 species of mammals, 39 species of amphibians and reptiles, and 147 species of birds. Some of these species, like the Coiba Spinetail (a bird) and the Coiba Agouti (a mammal) exist only on Coiba and nowhere else in the world. Coiba is also the only place in Panama where one can spot scarlet macaws.
Snorkeling the reefs and exploring the trails with a knowledgeable guide is a good way to explore the incredible richness of Coiba. There are numerous reefs, some sheltered, some more exposed, where tourists can snorkel safely. Trails vary from an easy stroll to a medium-difficult four-hour trek through the jungle.
A number of companies in Panama offer tours to Coiba and some can tailor a trip to your specific wishes and abilities. Upon going, do not forget to keep your eyes peeled during the boat ride to Coiba: for dolphins, devil rays and possibly even a humpbacked whale.
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The Best Ways to Keep Your Basement Dry and Protected
When the ground outside is saturated, rainwater rushes downhill, and the basement is almost always one of the first places to flood. Basements are uncommon to flooding during heavy rains, spring thaw, and even winter. Basements are naturally susceptible to groundwater flooding because they’re often located below ground level and have limited natural ventilation. Water has nowhere else to go except directly into your basement when a heavy rainstorm or snow melts. Basements are also prone to water damage from plumbing leaks and humid environments such as laundry rooms, wine cellars, and finished rec rooms. This article will provide you with helpful tips on how you can keep your basement dry. These simple strategies will keep water from seeping through your foundation walls and floors so that you no longer worry about what might lurk in your dark basement when the lights go out.
Install a sump pump and check your drainage system
A sump pump is critical equipment for any home with a basement because it can quickly remove water from your home if it floods. There are two types of sump pumps – high water and low water. A high-water sump pump is made for use in homes with an increased risk of flooding, like those built in low-lying flood zones or below sea level. A low-water sump pump is best for homes without a high risk of flooding. Sump pumps are designed to work automatically, but they’re not infallible. Keeping them clean and maintained will extend their lifespan and help them perform properly when you need them most. Make sure there is no debris blocking the pump’s intake. A clogged sump pump is one of the first signs that your basement is flooding. Your drainage system is a series of pipes and gutters that divert rainwater from your foundation walls. You can check for clogs and blockages in your drainage system by removing the grate from your foundation wall and looking for obstructions like leaves and sticks. Clean out any debris you find, and significantly reduce the risk of water seeping into your basement.
Install waterproofing sealant and basement shoring
Waterproofing sealant is a cheap and effective way to waterproof your basement. You can hire the services of basement waterproofing in Georgetown. You can also hire a professional to install a waterproofing membrane. The membrane is a thin, durable fabric that’s wrapped around the outside foundation walls and inside the basement walls. It forms a waterproof barrier that can be installed in a few hours and should last more than 20 years. You can also install shoring, a system of wooden or steel beams between your foundation wall and the soil outside your home. The beams are driven into the ground to support your foundation and prevent the soil from saturating the ground around your house and seeping into your basement.
A flooded basement is one of the worst things to happen to a homeowner. Luckily, there are plenty of ways to prevent your home from flooding. These include installing a sump pump, cleaning out your drainage system, installing waterproofing sealant and basement shoring, and installing waterproof drywall. By taking these simple steps, you can significantly reduce your risk of a flooded basement. For the protection of your basement, you can call us today.
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Respect can be defined as a positive feeling of esteem for a person or entity. It denotes the regard and consideration shown by an individual towards others. Respect cannot be demanded, it is an asset that has to be earned. From the very childhood kids are taught to respect their parents, elders, teachers and an unending list of social obligations. But an ambiguity arises when the teachings do no match the practical experiences. Children find it hard to respect certain persons or the same person in differing situations, viz.
If a parent generally behaves positively with the children, it is normal for the child to reciprocate and show the same behaviour. But the anomaly arises when a parent confront or scold the child to make him understand a certain thing. The child wants to reciprocate his behaviour but the parent defies his behaviour and tells the child to respect him. Here the respect is tried to be imposed and not earned. This is a contradiction to respect. Nobody can earn respect by suppression or by flaunting power.
It is a deliberate action that cannot be forced upon others. There is an individualistic form of respect also, which is well known as self-respect. If an individual cannot respect himself, he cannot respect any other person. A feeling of worth and rational judgement gives rise to self respect. Respect plays a roll in our every day lives. When we go to school, there's respect. When we go to a restaurant, there's respect. When you go to your family reunion, there is respect. You may not notice it, but that's only because they are being respectful to you .
Order custom essay My Definition Of Respect with free plagiarism report
If your not respectful then you will be disrespected because your being mean. So you should always be respectful to others so they will treat you the way you want to be treated. If you are respectful to others then you can get good jobs because they'll like you. The better the job is the better your life will be in the future, and trust me you want a good and happy future. Jobs will get you money for your great future. So always try to advance to a higher paying job. So respect can do lots of things that will help us with our future.
So never stop caring! Respect isn't the only right thing to do, but is also the best way to make a lot of friends. You being respectful will help you from being depressed from loneliness. You should be honest, kid, nice, gentle, relaxed, and happy to make friends. The word respect is a word to summarize all of the things above and plenty more. Things like being quite while someone is talking, or not bothering someone when they're in bad mood. I see respect all the time, that's what makes every thing so easy to do and no one gets sad.
If I ever saw someone get knocked over and there stuff is on the ground scattered all over, I would definitely help him pick it up. Because other wise I would feel bad watching them pick it up all by themselves. Always treat others the way you would want to be treated. This way you will be respected and loved. My definition of respect is being nice, generous, and helpful. Because all of those things can be the best things to do if you want to be respectful, which you should always be. So next time I talk in class out of turn, I will remember this five page essay on respect.
Did you know that we have over 70,000 essays on 3,000 topics in our database?
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Stand up for the facts!
Our only agenda is to publish the truth so you can be an informed participant in democracy.
We need your help.
I would like to contribute
The U.S. Supreme Court decision to throw out a key campaign donation limit unleashed a wave of predictions that the domination of big money will only increase. What the court did on April 2 was say a single donor can give to as many candidates, party funds and political action committees as he or she might desire. Limits are still in place for how much you can give to any individual candidate -- $2,600 -- or a state party -- $10,000 -- and so forth, but so long as there are campaign committees you want to support, you can keep on giving.
Before the court’s ruling, there was an overall cap of $123,200.
Heather McGhee, president of Demos, a group that believes too much political and economic power lies in the hands of too few people, said the McCutcheon vs. FEC decision makes a bad situation worse.
"We have a large donor dominated system," McGhee said on MSNBC. "Less than 1 percent of 1 percent of the American population has given an amount over $200."
If McGhee is correct, then that’s a tiny sliver indeed. It would mean 0.01 percent of the public gives over $200 to political campaigns. With a population of about 314 million, that translates into 31,400 people or roughly the population of Juneau, Alaska.
The Center for Responsive Politics has tracked federal campaign donations for many years. According to their latest data, 366,000 people have given $200 or more so far in the 2013-14 election cycle.
That’s about 10 times more than 31,400.
It’s worse news for McGhee if you look at the 2012 election. That year, over 1.2 million people gave $200 or more to a federal candidate, a party, or a PAC. As a percentage, that’s 0.4 percent.
When we brought this to the attention of the people at Demos, spokesman Alex Amend faced up to the gaffe.
"Heather misspoke — the correct percentage of Americans giving over $200 to political campaigns is 0.12% of the population," Amend said."However, the accurate number still does the job. A tenth of 1 percent is still a minuscule percentage of Americans contributing over $200 in an election cycle."
Bob Biersack, a veteran of the Federal Elections Commission and a senior fellow at the Center for Responsive Politics, agreed. The percentage is "still a pretty small number," Biersack said.
The data support McGhee’s broader point about the role of big donors. In 2012, that very small percentage delivered about two-thirds of all the money that came from individual donors.
Now, giving $200 doesn’t necessarily mean you are wealthy. You might be a person of moderate means who is very passionate.
But the Sunlight Foundation, a group that presses for more campaign finance disclosure, cut the numbers another way. Looking at all federal donations, they found that almost 30 percent came from just about 31,000 people.
That’s pretty much McGhee’s 1 percent of 1 percent.
And the median donation in this group? Over $26,000, or more than half the median family income in the United States. These people were not of modest means.
"The wealthy have always had big impact," Biersack said. "The recent changes have simply reinforced and extended their advantage."
The big donors shade strongly Republican. According to the Center for Responsive Politics, among those giving $10,000 or more, 39 percent of the money went to Democrats and 55 percent went to Republicans.
McGhee said, "Less than 1 percent of 1 percent of the American population has given an amount over $200." McGhee way overshoots the mark. At that donation level, the more accurate statistic is a tenth of 1 percent. McGhee’s staff acknowledge the error.
The data do support her bigger point that big donors dominate the campaign system.
But McGhee used very precise numbers for rhetorical effect. And she got those numbers wrong by at least a factor of 10.
We rate the claim Mostly False.
MSNBC, The Reid Report, April 2, 2014
Demos, McCutcheon Money, Oct. 4, 2013
Americans for Campaign Reform, Money in politics: Who gives
Center for Responsive Politics, Donor demographics, 2013-2014
Sunlight Foundation, The political 1 percent of the 1 percent in 2012, June 24, 2013
Email interview, Bob Biersack, senior fellow, Center for Responsive Politics, April 2, 2014
Email interview, Alex Arend, spokesman, Demos, April 2, 2014
Read About Our Process
In a world of wild talk and fake news, help us stand up for the facts.
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Anyone who is good at German learns English better
Your literacy skills in your first language heavily influence the learning of a foreign language. Thus, anyone who reads and writes German well is likely to transfer this advantage to English – regardless of the age of onset of foreign language learning. Foreign language lessons at an early age, however, pay off less than was previously assumed. In fact, they can even have a negative impact on the first language in the short run, as a linguist from the University of Zurich reveals in her long-term study involving 200 Zurich high-school children.
“A tree must be bent while it is young,” as one saying about learning a foreign language goes. In other words, the earlier you start learning a foreign language systematically, the better the language level will be in the long run. The second widely held view is that you need to be solid in your first language (L1) in order to develop good literacy skills in the foreign language. Linguist Simone Pfenninger from the University of Zurich has been examining these two myths in her five-year study involving Swiss high-school children in order to identify the optimal starting age for learning German as a language of literacy and English as a foreign language. The partial results she has just published reveal that anyone who reads and writes German well is likely to carry over this advantage to English – and, interestingly, regardless of the age of onset of foreign language learning or the biological age. The study also shows that students who are given early exposure to English do not maintain a clear advantage for more than a relatively short period over students who begin to learn the language only at secondary level. In fact, early foreign language learning can even have a negative impact on the L1 in the short run.Positive and negative influences of German on English researched
For five years, the UZH scientist has been studying the extent to which starting age, biological age and L1 skills – Swiss or High German – influence the development of English proficiency. In order to test their skills in German and English, the literacy skills of 200 randomly selected high-school children in the Canton of Zurich were tested at the beginning and towards the end of their obligatory schooling in the senior grades. One group had begun English lessons in primary school at the age of eight, while the second group had only started English in high school at the age of thirteen.
Besides the positive influence of German on English, the negative influences and transfer of structures from the L1 to the foreign language were also studied in the areas of syntax and morphology. “After all, as the mother tongue becomes increasingly entrenched, you might also expect an increasing negative influence of the L1 on English,” explains Pfenninger.
As the results showed, foreign language lessons at an early age did not have a beneficial impact either in the long or in the short term. Already after six months learners who had started five years later had caught up with the early learners and sometimes even surpassed them, e.g. in terms of morpho-syntactic accuracy and complexity, syntactic fluency, grammaticality judgment, and content-related and structural aspects of written expression. However, the early learners had a larger vocabulary at the first measurement and less of a tendency to fill the gaps in their vocabulary in the foreign language with so-called “code-switching” into German. “By the second assessment, shortly before the final high-school exams, there were no longer any differences between early and late starters,” says Pfenninger.Late starters had better German writing skills
According to the study’s author, the slightly disappointing results for early foreign language learning can be attributed to the following reasons (among others): at the beginning of high school, the late learners exhibited significantly better German writing skills than the early learners, who had already been taught German, English and French in elementary school. The late learners therefore began foreign language lessons with a more favorable foundation in the language of literacy. By the second assessment five years later, however, this advantage had disappeared.
Moreover, the link between German and English writing skills also displayed a positive and significant correlation: “Anyone who is good at German can carry over this advantage to the foreign language, utterly regardless of the age when they start learning the foreign language or their biological age,” sums up Pfenninger. Therefore, the results of this study have shown so far that, where success is concerned, this does not relate for the most part to age of onset or length of the exposure to the foreign language.Literature:
Pfenninger, Simone E. The Literacy Factor in the Optimal Age Debate: a 5-Year Longitudinal Study. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism. December 10, 2014. doi: 10.1080/13670050.2014.972334
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