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by Lisa Alzo | Jul 11, 2013
Most Likely to Succeed. Best Athlete. Class Clown. Ever wonder what your parents, or grandparents, were like when they were in high school? The pages of a yearbook often provide valuable insights into our ancestors' lives, yet they are one of the best-kept secrets for genealogy research. Not only will you find small photos of a particular individual, as well as everyone he or she went to school with, you're likely to see pictures of the basketball or football teams in their uniforms, snapshots from the high school dances or homecoming parade, and interesting little tidbits such as an ancestor's nickname, career aspirations or even a personal "motto."
Yearbooks can be found in a variety of places, both online and off. Here are some resources for you to use to locate the yearbooks for your ancestors. Look for yearbooks for all of the years that your ancestor would have attended that school. It's not just seniors who were included in photos and lists!
The very first place to look for old yearbooks is at home. If you don't have them, ask all of your relatives to check the boxes in their attics or basements.
If you no longer have access to your yearbooks, there are a few places you can search for them online.
Archives.com. Check Archives.com (subscription required) for yearbooks from across the U.S. for grade schools, middle schools, high schools, colleges and universities, and the military.
Ancestry.com. Search Ancestry's U.S. School Yearbooks database. It features yearbooks from elementary schools, middle schools, high schools, and colleges/universities from all over the United States. To get to the database, you will need a paid Ancestry.com subscription, or access through a library subscribing to Ancestry Library Edition. Once you've accessed Ancestry.com, go to the card catalog and search for U.S. School Yearbooks. Although there is some overlap here and at Archives.com, it's worth searching both since there are unique titles in each collection.
Library and historical society websites. Be sure to look at the website of the local public library and historical society. A growing number are digitizing their collections and putting them online. For example, the Kokomo-Howard County Public Library, the Greentown Public Library, and the Howard County Historical Society worked together to digitize and publish online 50 years of Howard County, Indiana high school yearbooks.
If you're unsuccessful finding a particular yearbook online, contact the school's alumni office and/or library. Check if the high school has a website. For colleges and universities, the following resources can help you: Find Universities; Alumni and Genealogy Education; and College Blue Book (published by Gale Group; available in many libraries). Some schools even have their own online yearbook collections or directories. For example, see Early Students at Notre Dame.
Check local libraries, historical societies and museums for yearbooks in their collections. (Worldcat.org is an excellent way to find these.) Flea markets and auctions in the area are also good places to look for yearbooks.
Sites such as LinkedIn and Facebook enable you connect with your classmates (or those of your ancestor), and other, alumni or reunite virtually with friends any time you'd like--so there's no need to wait for that 25th class reunion! There are pages dedicated to high school, college and other educational institutions, so you're likely to find your alma mater listed. Town and community pages may also help you make some connections. Also, use Google or check with Geneabloggers to see if there are any blogs about the town or the school.
Once you locate a particular yearbook, flip carefully through the pages and look for the following information:
I located the 1942 yearbook for Duquesne High School on Archives.com and found my father (who was a junior) in the picture of the basketball team (shown below).
It was interesting to browse through the yearbook, which had a "War" theme--an interesting reflection of the time period. The quote at the beginning of the book was: "There shall be wars...and rumors of wars" and the book dedicated to those in service of their country. The Principal is called the "Commander-in-Chief," and teachers listed as "Generals"--each of them getting their own telegram-like descriptions. For example, the basketball coach, "a booming voice...he manufactures...championship teams...born to command...typical Duquesners." One female teacher is described as: "capable...fair...ready to laugh...disliked by no one."
The pages of a high school or college yearbook can help pinpoint an individual in a particular time and place, and may provide valuable clues that will lead you to other records. These snapshots in time help us to see beyond the dashes and lines of our pedigree charts, and gain an understanding of the daily lives of our ancestors.
Linkpendium.com [Note: Choose the state under Localities: USA, then choose the county of interest. Links to yearbooks are in the "School Records and Histories" category.]
"Researching a Relative's College Days" by Sunny McClellan Morton
Start your free trial today to learn more about your ancestors using our powerful and intuitive search. Cancel any time, no strings attached.
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Many contentious issues were raised regarding Israel’s human rights record on October 20, as the UN Human Rights Committee considered Israel’s implementation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
In presenting the report, the Israeli delegation noted that despite constant security challenges, Israel had taken significant steps in the implementation of the Covenant. Operation “Protective Edge” was further acknowledged with mention of Hamas’s actions necessitating a military response. Nevertheless, “Israel remained committed to the realization of a peaceful future and was willing to make painful compromises to see the creation of a demilitarized Palestinian state living side-by-side with the Jewish State of Israel,” said Eviator Manor, Israel’s Ambassador to the United Nations in Geneva.
Further, the promotion of Israeli civil and political rights were examined with emphasis placed on initiatives aimed to advance the Arab population living within Israel. These included the Ministries of Justice and Foreign Affairs initiative to enhance cooperation between State authorities, scholars and civil society organizations in the reporting process and in the implementation of human rights conventions; in conjunction with the establishment of a joint inter-ministerial team which primarily functions to review the concluding observations of the human rights committees.
Following the introduction, committee experts were given the opportunity to question Israeli actions in a multitude of areas. These included: lack of proportionality regarding Israeli military actions, operation “Protective Edge,” and the settlement policy and subsequent expansion plans as well as the prohibition of torture. There were further reports that a disparity existed between the treatment of Jewish Israeli citizens and the “rest.” This predominantly manifested itself regarding the treatment of the Bedouin people and asylum seekers, specifically those from Eritrea and South Sudan. Additional topics of discussion included: Arab juvenile justice, access to water and sanitation, punitive housing demolitions, Holocaust education and curriculum, and the use of administrative detentions.
The Israeli delegation responded to the majority of the questions which were raised, albeit the limited time. With regard to operation “Protective Edge,” the delegation stated that more than 600 Palestinians were treated in Israeli field hospitals. Israel ensured the continuous supply of food, medical supplies, fuel and animal feed, facilitating the passage of over 5,600 trucks through the Kerem Shalom border crossing. Moreover, a fact finding mission was underway and a complete assessment would be provided as soon as completed.
Regarding the contentious issue of asylum seekers, an Israeli delegate reiterated that Israel did not remove, and send people to countries if their lives were at risk. For instance, if an asylum seeker from Eritrea was rejected, similar to many European countries, the individual could still remain in Israel under temporary protection measures. Concerning administrative detention, any individual detained was informed of his rights and was given the opportunity to seek legal council in addition to family notification. Further, there were no women, or minors in administrative detention in the West Bank.
The Chairperson of the Committee, Sir Nigel Rodley, in his concluding remarks acknowledged outstanding issues of concern, which include the use of 15-day detention (that has been significantly reduced from 1 year), interrogation techniques, punitive housing demolitions, and continued settlement development. Nevertheless, Sir. Rodley, as well as Ambassador Manor acknowledged the positive advancements Israel had made. Additionally, Amb. Manor recognized Israel’s unique task in navigating between the frequently polarized tasks of perpetuating national security while simultaneously ensuring the wellbeing, safety and human rights of its citizens.
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War, Just How We Image’d It: Part I
When the attack began at the Westgate Mall in Nairobi, Kenya, the famed New York Times photographer Tyler Hicks was on scene almost immediately, snapping pictures of everything from dead bodies covered in their own gore to cautious policemen peering into the unknown ahead of them.
Images from war zones have long been a staple of how Americans perceive and understand conflict. From Antietam to Aleppo, the art of the image—moving or still–has been a constant.
War correspondents have the impossible job of bringing conflict to our living rooms, and for the most part the job is a thankless one. They risk life and limb to bring above the fold photographs that are no more than glanced at by most. But their job, at times, can be just as important as those of the men and women who take up arms.
When we see things on TV or click on them in our browsers, regardless of how visceral they are, we become detached through distance and a focus on our own lives. If Tyler Hicks’ photos are too much, we close the lid of our laptops. If we can’t stomach “Restrepo,” the pulse-pounding award-winning documentary by Sebastian Junger and the late Tim Hetherington, we turn off the DVD player.
By contrast, there is no pause when an IED goes off, and no ‘pause’ button for a firefight. People have asked me what is the difference between a War documentary and War itself. And while the answer seems obvious, it isn’t.
In 2010, when my battalion inserted into Marjah, Afghanistan, we had with us a BBC cameraman by the name of Ben Anderson. Anderson would go onto produce a movie called “The Battle for Marjah.” While the film focuses heavily on people who aren’t me, there is a scene in which I appear. The scene is a firefight next to a mosque and it has everything we are taught to expect from a firefight scene: gunfire, explosions, and of course, a gratuitous amount of profanity.
The scene was edited for HBO, so about a year later, I asked Ben to send me the unedited footage, from when he started filming that scene to when the shooting stopped. What I saw on that footage and what I remembered were two very different things. In my mind the fight happened within the span of ten minutes. Everything was compressed. The gunfight as I remembered it was one quick sentence with a pair of hand grenades as its final punctuation. On film, though, the scene drags out. Bursts of AK fire happen miles apart. Moments that I thought of as one act were in actuality ten minutes apart.
Adrenaline is more powerful than we give it credit for, and in this instance I realized how much it had shaped my time in Afghanistan. The war in my head wasn’t the same as the war on the screen, and the horrifying thing was that I had been there.
For those who haven’t been to war, and will never go, the screen is as good as it gets for trying to inhale the cordite after a firefight. While no one I’ve ever met seems to think that watching a documentary is the same as being “over there,” I have had a few conversations where the layman will refer to watching “Restrepo” as if reflecting on their own deployment.
It’s true that films like “Restrepo” portray many aspects of wartime accurately, and bridge many gaps between civilian and warrior. Still, one size does not fit all. Every conflict is different and every participant experiences it differently. Watch documentaries with a grain of salt. Let them be a frame of reference, but if you want to get close to understanding a conflict without actually being there, you need to look beyond the screen.
This column is the first in series that will look at how the warrior and civilian experience are portrayed through various media in the 21st century.
Thomas Gibbons-Neff is a columnist at War on the Rocks. He served as an infantryman with 1st Battalion 6th Marines from 2007-2011 and participated in two deployments to Afghanistan. He is a student at Georgetown University and a deputy editor at The Hoya.
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With the Wimbledon tennis championship fast approaching, there will be a number of the worlds best tennis players preparing physically and mentally for the challenges that await them. Tennis is a high paced sport where you can experience a mixture of emotions. The biggest challenge that the players will face is to do with their own self talk. Unlike team sports, tennis is a sport where you must deal with your emotions all on your own. Players can go from being one set up, to then being 2 sets down, to then coming back to 2 sets all and then finally overcoming their opponent to win the game. Within this match a player will experience a range of emotions and their self talk will influence their performance in a number of ways.
Self talk is often refereed to as our inner dialogue. It is something that natural occurs and throughout a day we will will experience hundreds if not thousands of thoughts running through our mind. Within sports psychology self talk is a great tool which when used properly and correctly can help to boost an athletes performance. Self talk can not only influence our emotions, but it will also influence our mood and behaviour. Imagine going into a competition where you have just won your last 3 matches. How will you feel? You will be confident and you will think about the previous performances that helped you achieve your goal of winning. You will be experiencing positive self talk that is helping to increase your confidence, self belief and concentration. Your positive thoughts will help you to manage and control physiological and psychological arousal to help you play in the zone.
Often when we talk about self talk, we view it in 2 ways which are positive and negative. Recently I have spoken to a number of sports psychologists who have argued that negative self talk can be used in a positive way. Sport psychologists have now distinguished between helpful and unhelpful self talk. There are times when negative self talk can be seen as helpful and unhelpful. A perfect example would be Andy Murray. Last year during Wimbledon a number of people on twitter were questioning why Andy Murray was shouting at himself in a negative way. They didn’t think that this was helping his performance. Maybe Andy Murray was using negative self talk in a helpful way to boost his performance? Maybe this helpful negative self talk was motivating and pushing Andy to refocus on his goals?
When performing at a high level athletes will use cue words to help them in specific situations. Cue words can act as technical prompts or tools to aid focus. They must be specific and personal to your own performance. Examples could be as simple as “Focus, Concentrate, I can do this, Believe, Power”. Using them within game and training scenarios will allow players to minimise distraction.
As mentioned earlier tennis is a game where players can experience many highs and lows. Therefore the players competing at Wimbledon will need to stay in control and learn to manage their emotions. Frustration, over arousal and anxiety can lead to an increase in unhelpful self talk which can lead to a dramatic decline in performance. Winning Wimbledon requires a player who understands the power of self talk. Winning Wimbledon requires a player who knows when to switch on and off helpful positive and negative self talk. They will be a player who can manage and control their self talk to allow them to play at the highest level. Over the next few weeks when you are watching tennis players at Wimbledon think about what must be going through their mind and how these players will be using self talk to influence their performance. Think about how their self talk will be changing from minute to minute and the different psychological tools and principles they will be using to overcome different challenges.
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You are not permitted to download, save or email this image. Visit image gallery to purchase the image.
A Catlins-based conservation group fears its efforts to preserve critically endangered wildlife has been put at risk because of a change in the Department of Conservation's community funding strategy.
The Tahakopa Kakariki Protection and Enhancement Trust requested $40,000 from Doc's Community Conservation Partnership Fund, introduced in March this year.
Half of the funds requested were to pay for pest control and half were to determine if the bats that inhabit their property included the endangered short-tailed bat.
The trust manages 40ha of native bush surrounded by Doc land in the Tahakopa Valley and it is home to mohua, kakariki and pekapeka (bats).
Douglas (Owen) McNutt of the trust believed he had seen a short-tailed bat on the property and requested money for cameras to monitor the rare wildlife.
The trust also undertakes extensive trapping in the native bush on their 84ha property and the $20,000 it requested was to subsidise the cost of their ongoing efforts to protect the resident mohua population - which Mr McNutt estimated to be over 200 of the rare birds - and three breeding pairs of kakariki.
Another trust member, Wikitoria McNutt, said she was ''gobsmacked'' by the response from Doc when she asked why the trust's request for funds from the Community Conservation Partnership Fund was declined.
While she understood that monitoring the bats on her and her husband's property was not a Doc priority at present, the mohua, kakariki and bats on their property were.
A population explosion of pests after a massive beech masting this year would put the forests' most vulnerable inhabitants at risk, including mohua, kakariki and bats, Doc said when it
launched their ''Battle for our Birds'' campaign. The campaign targets pests on over 600,000ha of conservation land with aerial 1080 applications.
Correspondence from Doc told the McNutts that they were not a part of the ''Battle'', which was an ''in-house programme focused on large tactics and forests,'' Mrs McNutt said.
But she argues the end result - the preservation of species such as mohua, kakariki and pekapeka - at a time of a pest population explosion is the same.
She emailed conservation partnerships manager Philip Melgren for some clarification on their failure to secure funding this year.
''Could you please supply us with a breakdown of why our ground control pest eradication for part-funding to protect the critically endangered pekapeka, kakariki, mohua that are resident on private land adjoining the Catlins' Saving the Ark site was declined?'' she wrote.
She was informed their ''application was unsuccessful due to the application expressing the need for survey work, which is an exclusion criteria for this fund.''
The McNutts have now received this explanation twice and deny the need for survey work on their property - they say the work was done 10 years ago, funded by Doc.
Mr McNutt said he felt ''stonewalled'' by Doc and that ''they have pulled the rug out'' from under his years of conservation work in the Catlins.
Doc was not available for comment yesterday.
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- ¶ NOW these are the commandments, the statutes, and the judgments which the LORD your God commanded me to teach you, that you shall do them in the land into which you are going to possess it;
- That you may fear the LORD your God, to keep all his commandments and his statutes and his judgments, which I commanded you, this day, you and your son and your son’s son, all the days of your life;
and that your days may be prolonged.
- Hear therefore, O Israel, and observe and do them;
that it may be well with you, and that you may increase greatly;
for the LORD God of your fathers has promised you that he will give you a land that flows with milk and honey.
- ¶ Hear, O Israel: the LORD our God is one LORD;
- And you shall love the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might.
- And these words which I command you this day shall be in your heart:
- And you shall repeat them diligently to your children, and shall talk of them when you sit in your house and when you walk by the way and when you lie down and when you rise up.
- And you shall bind them for a sign upon your hand, and they shall be as a token between your eyes.
- And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and on your gates.
- And it shall be, when the LORD your God shall have brought you into the land which he swore to your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, to give you great and goodly cities, which you did not build,
- And houses full of all good things, which you did not fill, and cisterns digged, which you did not dig, and vineyards and olive trees, which you did not plant;
when you shall eat and be full;
- Then take heed lest you forget the LORD your God, who brought you forth out of the land of Egypt, from the house of bondage.
- You shall reverence the LORD your God, and serve him, and shall swear by his name.
- You shall not go after other gods, the gods of the people who are round about you,
- (For the LORD your God is a zealous God among you) test the anger of the LORD your God be kindled against you, and he destroy you from off the face of the earth.
- You shall not tempt the LORD your God, as you tempted him with temptations.
- ¶ You shall diligently keep the commandments of the LORD your God and his testimonies and his statutes, which he has commanded you.
- And you shall de that which is good and right in the sight of the LORD;
that it may be well with you, and that you may go in and possess the good land which the LORD swore to your fathers,
- And defeat all your enemies from before you, as the LORD has spoken.
- And when your son asks you in time to come, saying, What mean the testimonies and the statutes and the judgments which the LORD our God has commanded you?
- Then you shall say to your son, We were Pharaoh’s slaves in Egypt;
and the LORD brought us out of Egypt with a mighty hand;
- And the LORD wrought signs and great wonders, and plagues in Egypt against Pharaoh and against all his army, before our eyes;
- And the LORD brought us out from there, that he might bring us in and give us the land which he swore to our fathers.
- And the LORD commanded us to do all these statutes, to revere the LORD our God, for our good always, that he might preserve us alive, as it is at this day.
- And it shall be our righteousness, if we observe and do all these commandments before the LORD our God, as he has commanded us.
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The group Forest Heroes has spent part of the fall calling for Kellogg to end its partnership with agribusiness corporation Wilmar International.
WMUK's Gordon Evans spoke with Field Organizer Margaret Kran-Annextstein and Jez Vedua, a Battle Creek resident volunteering with the group.
Forest Heroes says Wilmar's efforts to extract palm oil is damaging rain forests and endangering Sumatran Tigers.
Both Kran-Annexstein and Vedua say Kellogg has a good reputation for social responsibility. They say the Battle Creek company should not be working with a company like Wilmar which has been frequently criticized for its environmental practices.
Below are e-mail responses from Kellogg and Wilmar.
Statement from Kellogg spokesperson Kris Charles:
“Kellogg fully supports a productive dialogue between Forest Heroes and Wilmar, and we'd be happy to introduce representatives of both organizations to one another.
We use a very small percentage of the world's palm oil supply - and the vast majority of our cereals do not contain palm oil. All of the palm oil we use is 100 percent sustainably sourced through a combination of GreenPalm certificates, mass balance and segregated sustainably grown supply. We are actively working with all our suppliers and a number of multi-stakeholder organizations to help ensure a transparent supply of palm oil that is economically viable, environmentally appropriate and socially beneficial.”
Statement from Wilmar:
Wilmar International Ltd (Wilmar), Asia’s leading agribusiness group, categorically refutes allegations of deforestation and wildlife destruction made by environment groups.
Wilmar is committed to developing and cultivating its plantations in a responsible and sustainable manner that looks into safeguarding the intrinsic value of the ecosystem, including endangered fauna like the orangutans and Sumatran tigers; while ensuring that socio-economic values are being created. Below are examples of its approach:
• We only operate on lands designated and licensed by the local governments for agriculture development. These lands are made up of degraded and logged-over secondary forests that have already lost their economic and environmental values. Converting these unproductive wastelands into productive plantations can help restore these values through implementation of the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) Principles and Criteria - an international best practice benchmark for sustainable palm oil development - that includes delineation and protection of High Conservation Value (HCV) areas where the HCV assessments are conducted prior to any land development activities. This standards framework has been the basis of our plantation development management since our participation in the RSPO in 2005.
• More than 60% of our plantations are already certified to RSPO standards, with our Malaysian plantations fully certified. We aim to complete certification for all our plantations and mills by 2016.
• In addition to its strict adherence to a zero-burn policy, Wilmar has in place a Sourcing Policy that guides us in our purchasing decisions and is communicated to suppliers so that they understand and meet our requirements. The policy clearly states, amongst other points, that Wilmar commits to buying palm oil that is produced from plantations and mills that comply with all relevant and applicable local and national law and regulations. This would include the burning of forests as prohibited by Indonesia’s law. Should they be found to be involved in burning to clear land for cultivation, we will discontinue our business relationship with them.
• Further to the RSPO standards, we do not develop on peat-land, regardless of depth.
• We have a tripartite collaboration with the Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOSF) on developing Best Management Practices (BMP) for orangutan conservation, with the aim to formulate the implementation of BMP in palm oil industry into a formal policy in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. This initiative is on-going.
• On the social front, our operations further help to promote local socioeconomic development through employment generation and community empowerment programmes such as provision of education and healthcare services.
Lastly, we wish to express our recognition of our stakeholders’ concerns over deforestation on tropical rainforests and peatlands as one of the most serious environmental issues facing the worldtoday; and we reaffirm our commitment towards sustainable palm oil development that strives for balance between environmental, social and economic interests.
We are always open to constructive dialogue with our stakeholders. To that end, we wrote to SumofUS in July expressing our interest in a further dialogue but regrettably we have yet to hear from them. Similarly with RAN, we look forward to a productive engagement.
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The availability of todays online information systems rapidly increases the relevance of dynamic decision making within a large number of operational contexts. Whenever a sequence of interdependent decisions occurs, making a single decision raises the need for anticipation of its future impact on the entire decision process. Anticipatory support is needed for a broad variety of dynamic and stochastic decision problems from different operational contexts such as finance, energy management, manufacturing and transportation. Example problems include asset allocation, feed-in of electricity produced by wind power as well as scheduling and routing. All these problems entail a sequence of decisions contributing to an overall goal and taking place in the course of a certain period of time. Each of the decisions is derived by solution of an optimization problem. As a consequence a stochastic and dynamic decision problem resolves into a series of optimization problems to be formulated and solved by anticipation of the remaining decision process.However, actually solving a dynamic decision problem by means of approximate dynamic programming still is a major scientific challenge. Most of the work done so far is devoted to problems allowing for formulation of the underlying optimization problems as linear programs. Problem domains like scheduling and routing, where linear programming typically does not produce a significant benefit for problem solving, have not been considered so far. Therefore, the industry demand for dynamic scheduling and routing is still predominantly satisfied by purely heuristic approaches to anticipatory decision making. Although this may work well for certain dynamic decision problems, these approaches lack transferability of findings to other, related problems.This book has serves two major purposes:? It provides a comprehensive and unique view of anticipatory optimization for dynamic decision making. Itfully integrates Markov decision processes, dynamic programming, data mining and optimization and introduces a new perspective on approximate dynamic programming. Moreover, the book identifies different degrees of anticipation, enabling an assessment of specific approaches to dynamic decision making.? It shows for the first time how to successfully solve a dynamic vehicle routing problem by approximate dynamic programming. It elaborates on every building block required for this kind of approach to dynamic vehicle routing. Thereby the book has a pioneering character and is intended to provide a footing for the dynamic vehicle routing community.
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Mechanical Engineering and Manufacturing Engineering degrees are offered.
In addition, the Department of Engineering offers coursework in three different programs leading to Bachelor’s degrees. The Bachelor of Science in Engineering (BSE) is accredited by the Engineering Accreditation Commission of ABET. The Bachelor of Science with majors in Industrial Supervision, or Advanced Manufacturing are not accredited by the Engineering Accreditation Commission of ABET.
|Engineering, Electrical and Computer||127|
|Engineering, Industrial and Manufacturing||127|
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Have you ever struggled to finish a level of Candy Crush or complete a Sudoku puzzle in the evening but breezed through it the following morning? The reason may please anyone who’s been told they spend too much time in bed asleep. A new study suggests that ‘sleeping on it’ can improve problem solving.
Read more at iflscience.com.
Roderick Chen/Getty Images
Hospitals are notoriously difficult places to sleep, despite efforts to make them less noisy. Cheap, simple workarounds can help, a study finds. Taking the sleep hormone, melatonin, helped the most.
Read more at NPR.org.
Scientists still debate the exact function of sleep, with some arguing that it aids our memory, while others argue that it helps to conserve energy, and still other argue that it is needed to discharge our emotions. A new study published in Science presents data suggesting that during sleep harmful toxins are cleared from our brains, which might prevent diseases like Alzheimer’s. Read more at NPR’s coverage: Brains Sweep Themselves Clean of Toxins During Sleep
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- Subject: Re: [IGSROBIN] Hybridizing
- From: "Roth, Barry" <BRoth@BROBECK.COM>
- Date: Tue, 23 Oct 2001 15:39:23 -0700
Another approach is to artificially double the chromosome load of a diploid.
This can be done by applying certain chemicals (colchicine is one) to seeds
or to growing tip tissues (meristems) of the diploid variety. I believe
this has been done with P. x hortorum to bring certain characters into the
tetraploid range (the "dark dwarf" condition is one).
I experimented with this some years ago, without much success, although I
had some fun in the process. It seems that the dose of chemical necessary
to cause doubling of chromosomes is very close to a lethal dose. (No
surprise -- it's really messing with the biochemical framework of the plant
itself.) Another limitation is that, unless the parent plant of the seeds
you are treating is from a very inbred line -- that is, with most of its
characters in the homozygous state -- the seeds may not carry the very
characters you are hoping to transmit. For example, I believe the "dark
dwarf" allele is dominant and that very many, if not most dark dwarfs in the
trade are heterozygous for full-size (non-dwarf) growth habit.
The chemicals are hazardous materials and must be handled with appropriate
On Monday, October 22, 2001 11:03 PM, Cynthia S. Lohry
>While hybridizing interests me, I have not done much with it. From
>asking questions of others, my understanding is that in a labratory,
>under very controlled circumstances, you can cross a tetraploid with a
>diploid. But, that once you have that offspring, it is sterile, and
>you cannot cross it with anything else to carry on the line.
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BROBECK PHLEGER & HARRISON LLP
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September 24, 2008
Stanford scores high for sustainability in national study
Recyclers and energy misers: Job well done. Stanford has scored in the top tier of the most recognized nationwide study of sustainability practices on college campuses.
Only 15 of the 300 colleges and universities studiedStanford among themearned the title "overall college sustainability leaders" in this year's College Sustainability Report Card. The report is released annually by the Sustainable Endowments Institute in Cambridge, Mass.
Stanford was the only California school among the top 15. Other notable schools on the list were Harvard, Columbia, Dartmouth, Penn and Brown from the Ivy League, plus Colorado and Washington from the West. All the schools in the top 15 received an overall grade of "A-."
"Today we celebrate the university's success in this effort thus far, and we are excited about the opportunity to continue working together tomorrow as there are many great things still to accomplish," said Joseph Stagner, Stanford's executive director of sustainability and energy management."
Sustainability is loosely defined as "meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." In the report card, sustainability is broken down into categories such as climate change and energy, food and recycling, transportation and green buildings.
Stanford received an "A" in administration, up a letter grade from last year. The report card took notice of the new sustainability and energy department, as well as sustainability employees in other areas, such as project management and residential and dining enterprises.
"A" grades were also given for food and recycling (grass-fed local beef and cage-free eggs in dorm kitchens), green buildings (energy savings beyond existing guidelines) and student involvement, including the new green fund for student sustainability grants.
In transportation, the mark was a "B," despite the school's aggressive program of alternative transportation. Stagner said he was puzzled by the grade.
Climate change and energy was also graded "B." The university is working on a plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions; in the meantime, the report card commended efforts to reduce energy use, from large scale retrofits to smaller scale renewable projects, such as the solar panels recently added to Hoover House, the official residence of Stanford presidents.
Stanford received a "C" on endowment transparency. As with many other private schools, Stanford does not make public the specific investments of its endowment fund. But in a related category, investment priorities, the university received an "A" for investing in renewable energy funds or similar investment vehicles. There was also an "A" for shareholder engagement, for the school's policy of proxy voting for environmental initiatives.
The Sustainability Report Card team studied the 300 colleges and universities in the United States and Canada with the largest endowment funds. The Sustainable Endowments Institute is a special project of Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors.
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The mean man with a long white beard
In 1850's small town Ireland there was a man with a long white beard who was mean and feared by all. He got into fights with all the townsfolk, children ran from him, and everyone wished he did not live there. He was ornery and bad tempered and never hesitated to pick a fight.
One morning the townsfolk found the mean man's head impaled on a metal spike on a fence in the center of town. His body was gone, the eyes were open, the expression of the face was angry, and the long white beard was blowing in the breeze.
Something unknown had happened in the night and now everyone's wish was answered. The mean man was no more.
A week later, the head was still on the fence. No one removed it and it was scaring all who passed. A letter to the editor in the local paper asked how long they would be having this gruesome sight in the middle of town, and specifically mentioned the beard.
The next day after the letter was published, the head was gone and disturbed dirt below showed that someone must have come in the middle of the night and buried the head right below the place it had been on the fence. All of the townsfolk were relieved and forgot about the man in short order. It was as if he had never been there bothering them.
In the 1970's the town was leveled and revitalized. New streets were laid and houses built. One home was built right over the spot where the head was buried and no one was the wiser to the events of over 100 years before.
But anyone who moved into that house had terrible times with the ghost of a mean man with a long white beard. People moved in and out quickly after being terrorized. Some said they were not afraid of ghosts and tried, but they left quickly too. No one wants to live with a ghost that is mean, and will not let you live in peace.
An exorcist was called in to see if he could do anything to rid the house of the awful ghost. This man searched the archives of the town and found the letter about the man's head on the fence.
He told of always doing this type of research for any ghostly place he was brought in to cleanse. Over his many years of getting ghosts to leave places, he had found it better to try to figure out who they were in life if he could. He mentioned finding reference to the mean man to be easier than most searches he had done over the years.
The exorcist spent a couple of weeks trying to rid the house of the mean man's ghost, but the mean man would not leave. He felt betrayed by his killer and was going to stay put. This was the place he had been left, and this was the place he was going to stay.
This is the only exorcism failure of this exorcist, and and the mean man's ghost has stayed. The exorcist thinks the lack of a body is part of the problem, but that the unpleasant personality of the ghost is the main issue.
The house is still there, but no one lives in it, and no one ever will. There has been talk of tearing down the house and making green space, but that has never come about.
I heard this story a week ago on a manifestation podcast I was listening to. It will take too long to tell you how this relates to manifestation. But it is the only story I can think of having a long white beard in it. Only Santa comes to mind in the beard regard and I have no stories to tell about that jolly fellow.
This post is for today's freewrite prompt by @mariannewest with the prompt of "a long white beard". Never did I ever think I would be writing this story and especially not just after I heard it.
My photo was taken with a cheap point and shoot camera when I was playing with light in Bangkok. I did not think I would use this photo either, but I think it fits the post.
What I do on STEEM
- freewrite daily with @mariannewest
- Minnow Tips
- Food and ccc contest posts
- Tasteem restaurant reviews
- @pifc contest entries
- dApp, tokens/tribes and gaming review posts
- dpoll- STEEM and lifestyle questions
- BitcoinMalaysia playing card posts; coming soon!
My most recent summary of Minnow Tips is here:
These tips will help you if you are new and struggling on STEEM. Tag me in any comment, and I will help you if you ask me to.
Find me on Discord:
sjfrenchtosd at yahoo.com <<< NOT my paypal address
This is an Invitation to join #ccc for Guaranteed 👍 Daily Income 💵 and Payout 💸 for Newbies (2.0) 🐟 🐜 🐛 in #ccc 👣 and Follow 👣 the Honor Code 🏅 - the Creed (Conditions and Limits Inside)
the latest update <<< please click to read.
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Summer reading should include some poetry, is what I tell myself, as a kind of a challenge, but it should not be too challenging. Perfect for the beach or the lake or the mountains is haiku. A collection worth putting in your raffia beach bag is The Essential Haiku: Versions of Basho, Buson, & Issa, edited by Robert Haas, himself a poet, and a former U.S. Poet Laureate.
Why? Three reasons. One, haikus are short, you can read one and get on with slathering your kids with sunscreen, or pulling weeds, or hoisting the sail on the yacht.
Two, haiku is seasonal, and summer is fleeting; these poems will give you words for what you may be feeling. For instance: “A petal shower/ of mountain roses/ and the sound of the rapids,” and, “I don’t know/ which tree it comes from, / that fragrance.” Both are Basho. You’ll find yourself repeating them, and having something rather profound to say at cocktail hour, at the swim-up bar. How about “A cicada shell;/ it sang itself/ utterly away.”
I like not backsliding into my natural dumb bun-ness over the summer, as I lie in my hammock with a long straw emerging from my mouth and snaking into a vat of gin and tonics. Reading this book, I learned something.
Robert Hass explains the history of the form and lets the masters speak for themselves, which is extremely entertaining. Basho on poetry could be a comedian working the Borscht Belt: “Is there any good in saying everything?” And, “If you describe a green willow in the spring rain it will be excellent, but haiku needs more homely images, such as a crow picking mud snails in a rice paddy.”
The deer that ate all the damn tomatoes would be a good haiku subject, as would be the mosquitoes that entered the tent. Issa writes, “I am ashamed to think my child, who is only two years old, is closer to the truth than I.” Think about that as you watch your kids in the sand this summer, digging.
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Burning the American flag has always been one of the most shocking and controversial means of protest, from hippies in the 1960s to today, with ananti-Trump flag-burning demonstration outside the Republican National Convention last month. Is the action an acceptable form of free speech, or should it be illegal?
Rep. Steve Womack (R-AR3) and Sen. David Vitter (R-LA) think ...
Jul 30, 2015
114th Congress, 2015–2017
Died in a previous Congress
This resolution was introduced on July 30, 2015, in a previous session of Congress, but was not enacted.
Senator from Louisiana
Read Text »
Last Updated: Jul 30, 2015
Length: 2 pages
Earlier Version — Introduced
This activity took place on a related bill, S.J.Res. 15 (111th).
This is the first step in the legislative process.
S.J.Res. 21 (114th) was a joint resolution in the United States Congress.
A joint resolution is often used in the same manner as a bill. If passed by both the House and Senate in identical form and signed by the President, it becomes a law. Joint resolutions are also used to propose amendments to the Constitution.
This joint resolution was introduced in the 114th Congress, which met from Jan 6, 2015 to Jan 3, 2017. Legislation not enacted by the end of a Congress is cleared from the books.
How to cite this information.
We recommend the following MLA-formatted citation when using the information you see here in academic work:
Civic Impulse. (2017). S.J.Res. 21 — 114th Congress: A joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States authorizing the ... Retrieved from https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/114/sjres21
“S.J.Res. 21 — 114th Congress: A joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States authorizing the ...” www.GovTrack.us. 2015. January 24, 2017 <https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/114/sjres21>
|title=S.J.Res. 21 (114th)
|accessdate=January 24, 2017
|author=114th Congress (2015)
|date=July 30, 2015
|quote=A joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States authorizing the ...
Where is this information from?
GovTrack automatically collects legislative information from a variety of governmental and non-governmental sources. This page is sourced primarily from Congress.gov, the official portal of the United States Congress. Congress.gov is generally updated one day after events occur, and so legislative activity shown here may be one day behind. Data via the congress project.
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The Royal Philharmonic Orchestra (RPO), based in London, was formed by Sir Thomas Beecham in 1946. In its early days the orchestra secured profitable recording contracts and important engagements including the Glyndebourne Festival Opera and the concerts of the Royal Philharmonic Society. After Beecham's death in 1961 the orchestra's fortunes declined steeply; it battled for survival until the mid-1960s, when its future was secured after an Arts Council report recommended that it should receive public subsidy. A further crisis arose when it seemed the orchestra's right to call itself "Royal" would be withdrawn.
Since Beecham's death the RPO has had seven chief conductors, including Rudolf Kempe, Antal Doráti, André Previn and Vladimir Ashkenazy; as of 2013 the incumbent is Charles Dutoit. Others closely associated with the orchestra have included Sir Charles Groves, Sir Charles Mackerras, Peter Maxwell Davies, Yehudi Menuhin and Leopold Stokowski.
In 2004 the orchestra acquired its first permanent London base, at the new Cadogan Hall in Chelsea. The RPO also gives concerts at the Royal Festival Hall, theRoyal Albert Hall and venues around the UK and other countries. From its earliest days the orchestra has been active in the recording studios, making film soundtracks and numerous gramophone recordings; many of the LP recordings conducted by Beecham and others have been reissued on compact disc.
- 2 Players and conductors
- 3 Recordings
- 4 Non-classical work
- 5 Notes and references
- 6 External links
Arms of the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
In 1932 the conductor Sir Thomas Beecham had founded the London Philharmonic Orchestra (LPO), which, with the backing of rich supporters, he ran until 1940, when finances dried up in wartime. Beecham left to conduct in Australia and then the US; the orchestra continued without him after reorganising itself as a self-governing body. On Beecham's return to England in September 1944 the LPO welcomed him back, and in October they gave a concert together that drew superlatives from the critics. Over the next months Beecham and the orchestra gave further concerts with considerable success, but the LPO players, now their own employers, declined to give him the unfettered control he had exercised in the 1930s. If he were to become chief conductor again it would be as a paid employee of the orchestra. Beecham responded, "I emphatically refuse to be wagged by any orchestra ... I am going to found one more great orchestra to round off my career." In 1945 he conducted the first concert of Walter Legge's new Philharmonia Orchestra, but was not disposed to accept a salaried position from Legge, his former assistant, any more than from his former players in the LPO.[n 1] His new orchestra to rival the Philharmonia would, he told Legge, be launched in "the most auspicious circumstances and éclat".
In 1946 Beecham reached an agreement with the Royal Philharmonic Society: his new orchestra would replace the LPO at all the Society's concerts. He thus gained the right to name the new ensemble the "Royal Philharmonic Orchestra", an arrangement approved by George VI.[n 2] Beecham arranged with the Glyndebourne Festival that the RPO should be the resident orchestra at Glyndebourne seasons. He secured backing, including that of record companies in the US as well as Britain, with whom lucrative recording contracts were negotiated. The music critic Lyndon Jenkins writes:
Naturally, it quickly became known that he was planning another orchestra, at which the cry "He'll never get the players!" went up just as it had done in 1932. Beecham was unmoved: "I always get the players," he retorted. "Among other considerations, they are so good they refuse to play under anybody but me".
Beecham appointed Victor Olof as his orchestral manager, and they started recruiting. At the top of their list were leading musicians with whom Beecham had worked before the war. Four had been founder members of the LPO fifteen years previously: Reginald Kell (clarinet), Gerald Jackson (flute), James Bradshaw (timpani) and Jack Silvester (double-bass). From the current LPO they engaged the oboist Peter Newbury. Beecham persuaded the veteran bassoonist Archie Camden, who had been pursuing a solo career, to return to orchestral work. The cellos were led by Raymond Clark, enlisted from the BBC Symphony Orchestra. The principal horn player was Dennis Brain, who already held the same post in Legge's Philharmonia, but managed to play for both orchestras. Jenkins speculates that as Beecham knew all Britain's orchestralleaders at first hand he decided not to try to lure any of them away. His choice was John Pennington, who had been first violin of the London String Quartet from 1927 to 1934, and had then had a career in the US as concertmaster, successively, of the San Francisco Symphony, Los Angeles Philharmonic and Paramount Pictures orchestras.Beecham rehearsing in 1948
On 11 September 1946 the Royal Philharmonic assembled for its first rehearsal. Four days later it gave its first concert, at the Davis Theatre, Croydon. Beecham telegraphed a colleague, "Press virtually unanimous in praise of orchestra. First Croydon concert huge success". Beecham and the orchestra played a series of out-of-town engagements before venturing a first London concert on 26 October. The Times then spoke of "a hall filled with golden tone which enveloped the listener". Before its London debut the orchestra made its first recording, and within two years had made more than 100.
Within a few months Pennington was forced to resign when the British Musicians' Union discovered that he was not one of its members.[n 3] He was succeeded by his deputy Oscar Lampe, "a man who eschewed most social graces but played the violin divinely", according to Jenkins. In the early days the orchestra comprised 72 players all on yearly contract to Beecham, giving him first call on their services, subject to reasonable notice, but not otherwise restricting their freedom to play for other ensembles. A review of the London orchestral scene of the late 1940s said of the RPO and its main rival: "The Philharmonia and Royal Philharmonic share a very serious disability: that neither is a permanently constituted orchestra. Both assemble and disperse more or less at random ... there is no style which is distinctively RPO or Philharmonia."
Brain continued to play first horn for both orchestras; otherwise, from the early 1950s, there was generally more stability of orchestral personnel. In particular the RPO became celebrated for its regular team of woodwind principals, in which Jackson was joined by Jack Brymer (clarinet), Gwydion Brooke (bassoon) and Terence MacDonagh (oboe). The Independent described them as "arguably the finest ever wind section ... [they] became known as 'The Royal Family'."[n 4]
The RPO toured the United States in 1950, the first British orchestra to visit America since the London Symphony Orchestra (LSO) in 1912. This was a long-cherished plan of Beecham's, who had been unable to take the LPO to the US in the 1930s. He arranged 52 concerts in 45 cities in 64 days. The tour was described by Brain's biographers Gamble and Lynch as a huge success. It began on 13 October in Hartford, Connecticut, and finished on 15 December in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. The concerto soloists were the pianist Betty Humby Beecham (the conductor's second wife) and orchestral principals: David McCallum (violin), Anthony Pini (cello), and the four members of the "Royal Family". In The New York Times, Olin Downes wrote of "magnificent music-making by Sir Thomas Beecham and the Royal Philharmonic". The following year, assessing all the London orchestras, Frank Howes, music critic of The Times, concluded that the RPO "comes nearest in quality and in consistency of style to the great international orchestras".
The orchestra's first appearance at the Proms took place in August 1952, conducted by Basil Cameron. Beecham made his Proms debut two years later, conducting the RPO in a programme of music by Berlioz,Schubert and Sibelius; The Times commented on "an evening of magnificent playing". In 1957 Beecham and the RPO made a European tour, beginning at the Salle Pleyel in Paris and ending at the Musikverein in Vienna.
Beecham conducted the RPO in his last concert, given at Portsmouth Guildhall on 7 May 1960. The programme, all characteristic choices, comprised the Magic Flute Overture, Haydn's Military Symphony, Beecham's own Handel arrangement Love in Bath, Schubert's Fifth Symphony, On the River by Delius, and the Bacchanale from Saint-Saëns's Samson and Delilah, with Delius's Sleigh Ride as an encore. Beecham suffered a heart attack the following month, from which he did not recover; he died in March 1961.
Gentlemen, there are four other orchestras in London; you can always go and work for them.“”Lady Beecham to RPO members, 1963
Rudolf Kempe, who had been appointed associate conductor in 1960, became principal conductor in 1961 and music director in 1962. Beecham's widow[n 5] ran the affairs of the orchestra as best she could, but some senior players including Brymer and MacDonagh were unhappy with the management, and they left. The orchestra reorganised itself in 1963 as a self-governing limited company, but almost immediately encountered difficulties. The Royal Philharmonic Society decided not to engage the RPO for its concerts; Glyndebourne booked the LPO instead of the RPO from 1964 onwards. The RPO was also excluded from the London Orchestral Concert Board's schedule of concerts, which meant that it was denied the use of London's main concert venue, the Royal Festival Hall. Kempe resigned, although he returned shortly afterwards. Helped by strong support from Sir Malcolm Sargent, the orchestra successfully mounted its own concerts at a cinema in Swiss Cottage, 3.5 miles (5.6 km) to the north-west of the Festival Hall. A 1965 report to the Arts Council by a committee chaired by Alan Peacock recommended that all four independent London orchestras should receive adequate public subsidy.
The severance of the tie with the Royal Philharmonic Society in 1963 turned out to be temporary,[n 6] but for three years it threatened to deprive the RPO of the "Royal" in its title. The matter was resolved in 1966, when on the advice of Roy Jenkins, who as Home Secretary had responsibility for such matters, the Queen conferred the title unconditionally on the orchestra.Clifford Curzon, soloist at the RPO's Silver Jubilee concert
The RPO celebrated its silver jubilee in 1971. On 15 September the orchestra returned to Croydon, where it had made its debut 25 years earlier. The theatre in which it had first played had been demolished, and the anniversary concert was therefore given at the Fairfield Halls. The programme consisted of the overture to The Marriage of Figaro, Beethoven'sEmperor Concerto, and Holst's The Planets. Sir Adrian Boult conducted, and Clifford Curzon was the soloist. Five members of the original orchestra were still in the RPO for the jubilee concert: Leonard Brain (brother of Dennis), principal cor anglais; Lewis Pocock, co-principal timpani; Ernest Ineson, double bass; John Myers, viola; and Albert Pievsky, violin.
The RPO gave Kempe the title of "Conductor for Life" in 1970; he stepped down from the orchestra in 1975, the year before his death. He was succeeded as chief conductor by Antal Doráti, who held the post from 1975 to 1978; as in his earlier spells with the LSO and BBC Symphony Orchestra, he was not greatly liked by his players, but raised their standard of playing and imposed discipline.
In 1984 there was a new threat to the orchestra: a review carried out on behalf of the Arts Council by the journalist William Rees-Mogg opined that England lacked "a great eastern symphony orchestra": the suggestion was that the RPO should move to Nottingham. Another Arts Council report of the same period recommended that the RPO should supplement the LSO as resident orchestra at the Barbican Centre; neither proposal came to fruition. During the 1980s the British government imposed strict constraints on public spending; to make up for lost revenue, the RPO, in common with the other self-governing London orchestras, was forced into increased reliance on business sponsorship as a primary source of funds. The Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, recording this, comments, "Such sponsorship is, however, subject to changing circumstances and thus less secure in the long term."
Since 1993 the RPO has had a community and education programme, later given the title of "RPO Resound". It aims to increase "access to and engagement with world-class music-making." It has worked in venues including homeless shelters, hospices, youth clubs and prisons.Cadogan Hall, the RPO's home since 2004
The orchestra gives an annual series of concerts at the Festival Hall, and since 2004 has had a permanent home at Cadogan Hall, a former church in Chelsea, converted into a 900-seat concert hall and rehearsal space. At the Royal Albert Hall in London the RPO gives performances ranging from large-scale choral and orchestral works to evenings of popular classics.
The orchestra maintains a regional touring programme, taking in venues throughout the UK, and has established residencies in Aylesbury, Crawley, Croydon, Dartford, High Wycombe,Ipswich, Lowestoft, Northampton and Reading.[n 7] The RPO regularly tours overseas; since 2010 it has played in Azerbaijan, Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, Spain and the US. In 2010–11 and two subsequent seasons the RPO was the resident orchestra for a series of concerts in Montreux, Switzerland. In 2010 the orchestra toured England, with a repertoire preponderantly of Beethoven, including the Violin Concerto in which Pinchas Zuckerman was both soloist and conductor. In the same year, another tour featuredMaxim Shostakovich conducting the music of his father, Dmitri Shostakovich. The RPO continues to feature at the Proms; in the 2010–12 Proms seasons the orchestra played works by Bach, Copland, Delius, Saint-Saëns, Tchaikovsky, Bax, Barber, Bartók and Prokofiev.
The orchestra's community and education activities have continued into the 21st century. In May 2013 six youth ensembles from London boroughs and a 3,500-strong choir of children from local primary schools were given the chance to perform alongside members of the RPO at the Albert Hall. They played a piece composed by participants from all six musical ensembles.
Among the well-known musicians who have been RPO principals in the mid-1950s and later, string players include Steven Staryk (leader, 1957–59), Raymond Cohen (leader, 1959–66), Erich Gruenberg (leader, 1972–76), Jonathan Carney (leader, 1991–94) and Frederick Riddle (viola, 1953–77). Among the woodwind principals have been Geoffrey Gilbert (flute, 1957–61), James Galway (flute, 1967–69), Antony Pay(clarinet, 1968–78) and Michael Chapman (bassoon, 1978–99). Principals in the brass section have included Alan Civil (horn, 1952–55), Philip Jones (trumpet, 1956–60), Elgar Howarth (trumpet, 1963–69) and Martin Owen (horn, 1998–2008).Clockwise from top left:Menuhin, Mackerras, Dutoit andAshkenazy
Chief conductors since Dorati have been Walter Weller 1980–85, André Previn 1985–92, Vladimir Ashkenazy 1987–94, Yuri Temirkanov 1992–98 and Daniele Gatti 1996–2009. In 2009 Charles Dutoit was appointed artistic director and principal conductor. From 1992 to 2000 Peter Maxwell Davies was associate conductor and composer to the RPO. Other conductors with close ties to the orchestra have included Sir Charles Groves, Vernon Handley, Sir Charles Mackerras, Yehudi Menuhin, Gennady Rozhdestvenskyand Leopold Stokowski. Grzegorz Nowak was appointed principal associate conductor in 2008; the following year Pinchas Zukerman became the RPO's principal guest conductor.Royal Philharmonic Orchestra discography
From the RPO's earliest days to the end of Beecham's life, they made numerous recordings for His Master's Voice, CBS and RCA Victor. Among the works they recorded EMI chose several to be reissued at the end of the twentieth century in its "Great Recordings of the Century" series. They included a Delius programme; a Grieg programme; French ballet music; short works by Bizet, Chabrier, Fauré and Saint-Saëns; Tchaikovsky's Symphony No 4 and Nutcracker Suite; Mozart's Jupiter Symphony, Clarinet Concerto (Brymer) and Bassoon Concerto (Brooke); and Schubert's 3rd, 5th and 6th Symphonies.
After Beecham's death the orchestra made many recordings for Decca, sometimes under pseudonyms such as the "Beecham Symphony Orchestra", the "London Festival Orchestra" and the "Metropolitan Symphony Orchestra". Among the conductors with whom the RPO recorded in the 1960s were Sir John Barbirolli, Fritz Reiner, Charles Munch, Georges Prêtre, Kempe, Previn and Stokowski. Soloists included Earl Wild, Shura Cherkassky, Alan Civil and Luciano Pavarotti.
Igor Stravinsky recorded his opera The Rake's Progress with the RPO in 1964. Colin Davis made some of his earliest recordings with the orchestra, including Mozart and Rossini overtures, Beethoven's Seventh Symphony, and Stravinsky's Oedipus rex. From 1964 to 1979 the RPO was engaged by Decca to record Gilbert and Sullivan operas with the D’Oyly Carte Opera Company. The orchestra has also recorded for Deutsche Grammophon, Lyrita, Philips, Pye and Unicorn-Kanchana.
In 1986 the orchestra launched RPO Records, claimed to be "the world's first record label to be owned by a symphony orchestra". Recordings available on the RPO label in 2013 ranged from core symphonic repertoire and Tchaikovsky ballet scores to film music by various composers, light music by Burt Bacharach and Richard Rodgers, and an album called "Symphonic Rock", described as "Over 3 hours of classic rock anthems and pop tracks with an orchestral twist".
As well as performing works from the classical repertoire, the RPO has recorded a number of film scores, including those for Powell and Pressburger's The Red Shoes and The Tales of Hoffmann. Other scores recorded by the RPO are Olivier's Richard III, The Bridge on the River Kwai, and The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes.
In 1987 the RPO established a sister ensemble, the Royal Philharmonic Concert Orchestra, which plays lighter classics. It succeeded a similar group, the Royal Philharmonic Pops Orchestra.
RPO players have been involved with many performances away from the classical repertory; in the 1960s they pioneered the "mixed media" concert, appearing with The Nice rock band. Later non-classical ventures included Yanni Live at the Acropolis, a concert held in Greece in 1993, conducted by Shahrdad Rohani; In 1992 UEFA commissioned the orchestra and the Academy of St Martin in the Fields chorus to record the UEFA Champions League Hymn.
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Words&Pictures help pave the way for more women in stem careers
With only 13% of all STEM jobs in the UK occupied by women, encouraging young women to pursue STEM subjects and explore career options in this area is now an industry-wide issue.
There will be an estimated 2.74 million jobs opening up in the UK in engineering companies, and with 83% of young people without STEM work experience, 39% of recruiters predict that they will not be able to fill the flourishing industry.**
Leading communications specialists, Words&Pictures (W&P), are helping companies to combat this issue by raising awareness of the problem, and by promoting the benefits of both apprenticeships and careers in STEM. Getting parents, pupils and teachers directly involved in the communications campaign material is at the heart of every engagement we do.
Tackling gender imbalance is a big issue for STEM professions, as they can often be associated with masculine stereotypes therefore discouraging women’s interest in the field. During their research, W&P found some young women felt that in order to get them interested in STEM subjects, schools needed to make the focus more feminine, and to link activity to things that they relate to in everyday life. W&P have identified a real need for a solution that doesn’t necessarily make the subjects more overtly & lsquo;feminine’ overall, but instead makes subjects more accessible to women by showing them how interesting, important and rewarding a career in STEM can be.
Andy Holt, Creative Director at Words&Pictures, said: “Engineering and Technology graduates start on an average salary that is up to a fifth higher than all other graduates. Ranging from construction and civil engineers to design and chemical engineers, pretty much everything we come across on a daily basis touches some kind of engineering. It is a wide and wonderful area to get into.”
W&P’s research has highlighted that there is a severe lack of knowledge and guidance around the variety of jobs available and the routes into these roles. Young people are mainly exploring the jobs they already know about or feel comfortable with rather than delving into something new or following a passion that may seem out of reach. W&P hope to bridge the gap and provide young people with the knowledge to make the best decisions for their careers and to achieve their highest potential. People interviewed for the research also mentioned that more female role models would help to show young people how successful jobs in the growing industry can be, especially for women. Inevitably this will encourage higher aspirations and increase the uptake of STEM subjects in school.
Clearly adult influence plays a large part when a young person is making a decision about their career. Encouraging STEM subjects at an early age, both inside and outside of school, can really help when it comes to making the decision to choose a STEM career later in life. Companies are having major issues finding the right calibre of applicants for STEM roles and this could cause great problems in the future. So, instead of only targeting young people at apprentice level, the idea is to start targeting young children and parents in order to build passion for STEM throughout the school years, rather than trying to encourage those who have already started on their career path in education.
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Definition: (v.) to express clearly (adj.) able to clearly express language
Part of Speech: verb and adjective
Synonym: (v.) enunciate, (adj.) eloquent
Antonym: (adj.) mumbled
(Verb) Martin Luther King in his time is known to articulate his wonderful speeches.
(Adjective) Usually the person who wins a speech contest is an articulate speaker.
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World Vitiligo Day is celebrated on June 25 of every year. The day is observed to increase global awareness about Vitiligo Disease, a frequent and often disfiguring skin disease which can have a significant adverse social and psychological effect on patients. In part because of various misconceptions still present in several regions of the world.
“If God wanted me to be black, I’d be black. If God wanted me to be white, I’d be white. But he chose for me to be both and original. So I guess that’s the way I’m supposed to be.” – Winnie Harlow
History of World Vitiligo Day
Steve Hargadon, the creator of the Vitiligo Friends networks, created the day to create broad awareness of vitiligo and a day dedicated to all living with vitiligo globally. On June 25, 2011, the first World Vitiligo Day was first observed. Vitiligo is an acquired disease identified by skin depigmentation, due to the destruction or malfunction of melanocytes (cells that produce melanin). June 25 was chosen as a memorial to Michael Jackson, a musical artist who suffered from Vitiligo from 1986 to his death (June 25, 2009). The first World Vitiligo Day was observed at Silverbird Galleria’s Atrium in Lagos, Nigeria, with the participation of several volunteers with several kinds of experiences like dermatologists, motivational speakers, dancers, artists, comedians, patients, and much more. They are all joined by the common goal of increasing knowledge about Vitiligo. In 2012, VRF (Vitiligo Research Foundation), a nonprofit organization that aims to fund and fast-track medical analysis as well as connect investigators, care providers, philanthropists, and patients, to accelerate vitiligo research and relieves the suffering of patients.
Other Celebrations on June 25
June 25 is also celebrated as
- Color TV Day
- National Strawberry Parfait Day
- National Catfish Day
- Global Beatles Day
- Please Take My Children To Work Day
- Take Your Dog To Work Day
How to Celebrate the day
Celebrating World Vitiligo Day is quite easy and very simple to remember. Read more about Vitiligo disease and its prevention methods. Spread awareness among the people about the Vitiligo disease and its prevention methods. You can also use the hashtag #WorldVitiligoDay to spread awareness on social media.
Thank you for reading the post. You can celebrate every day with Happydays365.org and Happy World Vitiligo Day 2022.
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DUBAI — The United Arab Emirates says it plans to use unmanned aerial drones to deliver official documents and packages to its citizens as part of efforts to upgrade government services.
The wealthy Gulf state is known for its showmanship —it boasts the tallest skyscraper in the world — and its love of high-technology gadgets. The drone project appears to satisfy both interests.
"The UAE will try to deliver its government services through drones. This is the first project of its kind in the world," Mohammed al-Gergawi, a minister of cabinet affairs, said on Monday as he displayed a prototype developed for the government.
The battery-operated vehicle, about half a meter (1-1/2 feet) across, resembles a butterfly with a top compartment that can carry small parcels. Colored white and emblazoned with the UAE flag, it is propelled by four rotors.
Local engineer Abdulrahman Alserkal, who designed the project, said fingerprint and eye-recognition security systems would be used to protect the drones and their cargo.
Gergawi said the drones would be tested for durability and efficiency in Dubai for six months, before being introduced across the UAE within a year. Services would initially include delivery of identity cards, driving licenses and other permits.
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Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is characterized by weakness and wasting of certain muscle groups, early contractures and a life-threatening cardiomyopathy. EDMD can result from mutations in two genes encoding proteins of the nuclear envelope. Autosomal dominant EDMD and infrequent autosomal recessive cases result from mutations in LMNA. LMNA encodes A-type nuclear lamins, intermediate filament proteins associated with the inner nuclear membrane. X-linked EDMD is caused by mutations in EMD, which encodes an integral protein of the inner nuclear membrane called emerin that interacts with A-type lamins. While the genetic mutations and phenotypic abnormalities in subjects with EDMD have been well described, much less is known about pathogenesis or how alterations in two different nuclear envelope proteins cause the same disease. During the current period of this project, we made new discoveries that provide a coherent and testable pathogenic model to explain the development of muscle damage in EDMD. We have shown activation of the ERK and JNK branches of the MAP kinase cascade, prior to the development of muscle damage, in hearts of mouse models of autosomal and X-linked EDMD. We have further shown that pharmacological inhibition of ERK signaling prevents cardiomyopathy in one of these mouse models. Based on these results, we hypothesize that mutations in EMD and LMNA cause nuclear envelope abnormalities that lead to activation of MAP kinases. In cardiomyocytes, these MAP kinases activate a set of "downstream" genes that leads to cardiomyopathy. In this project, we will test this hypothesis.
In Aim 1, we will investigate the link between A- type lamins and emerin, examining the turn over of emerin in cells lacking A-type lamins or expressing lamins with amino acid substitutions found in subjects with EDMD. We will also examine emerin subcellular localization in affected muscle in a mouse model of autosomal EDMD.
Aim 2 is designed to examine MAP kinase signaling pathways in cells with A-type lamin and emerin alterations. The main goals of this aim are to determine how alterations in nuclear envelope proteins activate MAP kinases and to test if reversing alterations in emerin or A-type lamins ameliorates signaling abnormalities.
In Aim 3, we will carry out genetic and preclinical pharmacological studies to determine if blocking MAP kinase signaling prevents cardiomyopathy in a mouse model of EDMD. The results obtained in this project will identify targets for therapeutic interventions in EDMD and related disorders caused by LMNA and EMD mutations.
Muscular dystrophies collectively have a high impact on health, affecting tens of thousands of people in the United States alone. Emery-Dreifuss muscular is characterized by wasting of certain muscles, joint deformities and life-threatening heart problems that can result in premature and sudden death. There is currently no definitive therapy for Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy or related diseases;therefore, the work in this project is designed to identify targets in cellular and animal models that can lead to treatments for patients.
|Shin, Ji-Yeon; Dauer, William T; Worman, Howard J (2014) Lamina-associated polypeptide 1: protein interactions and tissue-selective functions. Semin Cell Dev Biol 29:164-8|
|Worman, Howard J; Dauer, William T (2014) The nuclear envelope: an intriguing focal point for neurogenetic disease. Neurotherapeutics 11:764-72|
|Muchir, Antoine; Wu, Wei; Sera, Fusako et al. (2014) Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 inhibition and angiotensin II converting inhibition in mice with cardiomyopathy caused by lamin A/C gene mutation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 452:958-61|
|Shin, Ji-Yeon; Le Dour, Caroline; Sera, Fusako et al. (2014) Depletion of lamina-associated polypeptide 1 from cardiomyocytes causes cardiac dysfunction in mice. Nucleus 5:260-459|
|Wu, Wei; Iwata, Shinichi; Homma, Shunichi et al. (2014) Depletion of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 in mice with cardiomyopathy caused by lamin A/C gene mutation partially prevents pathology before isoenzyme activation. Hum Mol Genet 23:1-11|
|Gundersen, Gregg G; Worman, Howard J (2013) Nuclear positioning. Cell 152:1376-89|
|Bourgeois, Benjamin; Gilquin, Bernard; Tellier-Lebegue, Carine et al. (2013) Inhibition of TGF-* signaling at the nuclear envelope: characterization of interactions between MAN1, Smad2 and Smad3, and PPM1A. Sci Signal 6:ra49|
|Shin, Ji-Yeon; Mendez-Lopez, Ivan; Wang, Yuexia et al. (2013) Lamina-associated polypeptide-1 interacts with the muscular dystrophy protein emerin and is essential for skeletal muscle maintenance. Dev Cell 26:591-603|
|Choi, Jason C; Worman, Howard J (2013) Reactivation of autophagy ameliorates LMNA cardiomyopathy. Autophagy 9:110-1|
|Worman, Howard J (2012) Nuclear lamins and laminopathies. J Pathol 226:316-25|
Showing the most recent 10 out of 30 publications
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FOSTERING A CATHOLIC CULTURE IN WHICH MEN CAN HEAR THE VOICE OF CHRIST
By Monsignor JOSÉ GOMEZ, Archbishop of Los Angeles
The priesthood is a gift and a mystery in God’s plan for the salvation of the world. Every priest receives a special calling from God. This calling is an invitation to a life of adventure in the service of God’s plan and his Kingdom.
There can never be enough priests!
That’s why we pray every day for vocations. We pray in an intensified way every year on the World Day of Prayer for Vocations, which we celebrate this year on May 15.
Jesus Christ was the first one to pray for priestly vocations.
We remember the touching scene in the Gospel. He has been going to all the cities and villages — teaching, preaching and healing. He is moved to compassion by the people’s desire for God in their lives.
So he prays for more men to bring the good news of God’s Kingdom of love: “The harvest is plentiful but the laborers are few. Pray, therefore, the Lord of the harvest to send out laborers into his harvest!”
Even in Jesus’ time, there was a vocations “shortage.” That’s because the priesthood truly is for those chosen personally by him. As he said: “For many are called, but few are chosen.”
The problem always is making sure that men are able to hear Christ’s voice in their lives. The Lord is always calling laborers to the harvest. But men need to “ears to hear.” Every age and every culture presents unique challenges.
In his message for this year’s day of prayer for vocations, our Holy Father, Pope Benedict XVI says: “Particularly in these times … the voice of the Lord seems to be drowned out by ‘other voices’ and his invitation to follow him by the gift of one’s own life may seem too difficult.”
That is why the theme for this year’s day of prayer is “Proposing Vocations in the Local Church.”
We are never alone as Catholics. We are one family of God. We belong to one another in Jesus Christ and we are responsible for one another.
Each of us, as brothers and sisters in God’s family, has a duty to support and encourage vocations. Our daily prayer for vocations must be matched by actions and attitudes that help foster a culture in which Christ’s invitation can be heard and in which this invitation “makes sense.”
Every priest comes from a family and a parish. So these are areas of special opportunity and responsibility.
My own vocation grew quietly over the years. I grew up in a Catholic home where ordinary life was filled with simple love and devotion. Through the love I felt in my family, I came to know Jesus Christ and his love for me.
Because of the example of my mother and father, I felt Christ’s calling in my heart and I wanted to know him more and to love him more.
Their example was supported by the witness in my parish community. I always knew good, reverent priests, and faithful catechists and dedicated lay leaders.
Eventually, I understood that our Lord was calling me to be his priest. And it has been a beautiful life for me.
To bring men and women to the encounter with the living God! To speak Christ’s own of words of mercy, to proclaim glad tidings to those held captive to sin! To heal the brokenhearted, to offer his Body and Blood, to nourish them on the Bread of Life!
The priesthood is a rich and demanding vocation. It engages your whole life and fills you with a satisfaction, a sweetness and joy that I have always found very hard to describe.
Pope Benedict reminds us: “The ability to foster vocations is a hallmark of the vitality of a local Church.”
So let us rededicate ourselves — in our families and parishes — to fostering a Catholic culture in which vocations will thrive.
I entrust our prayer this week to Our Lady of the Angels.
Let us ask her to obtain the graces we need to help our young people to grow in friendship with Jesus Christ. We need to teach them good habits of daily prayer and prayerful reading of the Gospel.
We need to encourage them to talk to Jesus in prayer. To ask him often to know his will for them. To desire to conform their lives to his will.
And especially in this noisy media culture, we need to teach our young people to be comfortable with quiet. So they are able to hear the still, small voice of our Lord’s response. VN
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Water took away Mitlesh Kumar's pride. It took away part of Mahend Naranna's faith. And it took away Mrs. Sevak's son.
"My 4-year-old died of diarrhea," she told ABC News near her home in Kamali, a small village near the banks of the Ganges River. "I took him to the hospital so many times, but nobody cared."
For all the success stories about booming India, all the anecdotes about new affluence in the second-fastest-growing economy in the world, a much more fundamental aspect of life is lacking.
Hundreds of millions of Indians experience it every day when they wait for a government water tanker, when they go to the bathroom in the dirt outside their home, when they catch cholera. There is not enough clean water to drink. There are not enough water pipes to guarantee constant supply. There is not enough electricity to process the sewage.
India is facing a water crisis. Of the 1.1 billion people who live here, some 400 million do not have consistent access to clean water, according to the World Bank. For those who do have water, there is no guarantee that it is clean. Some 400,000 children under the age of 5 die every year from water-borne diseases.
"It's time for us to wake up," says Dr. Veer Bhadra Mishra, a priest and the former chairman of the civil engineering department at Benares Hindu University. He has been fighting to clean up the Ganges River for the past 25 years. "If we are not able to manage our water … we will die. I see us as an endangered species of human beings."
The shortage reduces the poor to bribing government workers to deliver water. It reduces them to finding a shady spot outside to go to the bathroom. Some 700 million people in this country don't have adequate sanitation.
It moves the rich to use water tanks and pumps to ensure adequate supply to their homes. Even the most powerful are not exempt: last month the prime minister had to go without water for a day. And just this week the lieutenant governor of New Delhi, India's capital, had no water in his home.
This is a country that plans to send a spaceship to the moon. But it cannot provide its citizens with the most basic of services: water and functioning sewers.
New Delhi: Quantity and Distribution
The lack of both can be seen in the Kalkaji section of New Delhi, a working class neighborhood in one of India's richest cities. This community has a single communal tap but it only works for one hour each day, and that's only when there's electricity.
So every morning a few hours after sunrise, women in saris walk bicycles to the main road, empty jugs hanging from the sides and clanging against the wheels. Fathers and sons carry their containers to the road and sleep in a rickshaw as they wait.
They are all waiting for a government water tanker to arrive. Sometimes it's late. Sometimes it never comes.
"The tanker doesn't have a fixed time; sometimes it comes at eight, sometimes at nine or ten," Mitlesh Kumar, the president of the local council, told ABC News as she waited one recent morning.
Sixteen million people call New Delhi home, and about 4 million of them don't have access to water in their houses. The problem is growing as fast as the city is — New Delhi adds half a million residents each year.
"With all possible resources at hand, the city will still be facing a shortfall of water by over 50 percent in 2021," according to a report released by the government this week. In 2021, the government says, 22 million people will live in Delhi, requiring 1.5 billion gallons of water a day. The city will be able to provide at least 713 million gallons a day, 1 billion gallons a day at best.
The gap between supply and demand is the same amount of water that the city of Chicago consumes from Lake Michigan every day.
"There is good amount of supply to meet the demand. But currently there is a huge amount of mismanagement of the water in terms of leakage loss, which is accounting for 40 percent of the loss in water," R.V. Srinivasan, who studies urban water issues at New Delhi's Center for Science and Environment, told ABC News.
By some accounts, Delhi wastes more water than any other city in the world.
The mismanagement spreads to how the water is distributed. The rich have it comparatively easy, but the poor are starved.
"The poor people, they're spending more money — say, 200 to 300 rupees [$5-$7.50] per month to get the water," Srinivasan says. "At the same time the people in elite colonies where they are connected to the pipelines, they are spending 60 or 50 rupees [$1.25-$1.50]."
The problem is infrastructure. There are simply no pipes that reach much of the city. And the pipes that do exist are old.
Many of them are leaking, and almost as many are siphoned off by criminals who collect their own water and sell it to the highest bidders. Worse, many of the old pipes are situated next to sewage pipes. In some areas of the city, the water that comes out is brown.
Delhi produces 2.2 billion gallons of sewage every day, but only has the capacity to clean half that amount, according to the Center for Science and Environment.
Ultimately, all that sewage goes to the Yamuna river, which flows through the middle of New Delhi. And the river, Srinivasan says, "becomes a sewer drain," infecting dozens of major cities to the south that rely on it for their drinking water.
Varanasi: Are polluters of a holy river considered sinners?
Indians say they have four mothers: Mother India, mother cow, their own biological mothers, and mother Ganga.
Mother Ganga is the Ganges river, the single most important body of water in terms of the number of people it supports. More than 400 million people rely on the Ganges for water to drink, water to grow their crops, water to live.
And there is no river in the world that is considered more holy.
Every day some 60,000 people take a holy dip in its waters. At sunrise men waddle into the cold water in loincloths. Women hold their saris tightly against their chests as they submerge their heads repeatedly, almost violently, into the water.
Hindus cremate their dead in the water, thinking it can guarantee a direct trip to heaven. And each night, hundreds of people hold candles and sing songs on its banks, thanking mother Ganga for letting them live another day.
"It's the source of the spiritual life of this entire country," Art Boucher, an American who moved to India a decade ago to study transcendental meditation, told ABC News while walking along one of the main ghats, or steps, that lead to the water.
"When people take a dip in the river, it's symbolic of coming back to the source of their own life and the source of the life of the universe. You go in and for that brief moment you forget everything — you transcend. And in that experience you experience the source of what you are as a human being and as the source of the whole universe. And you come out of that purified and refreshed."
But as holy as it is deemed, Indians do not treat it well.
"There are 114 cities situated along the length of Gangaji which have population of more than 100,000 each. And none of these cities, even today, have sewage treatment plants. So where does the sewage go? The domestic sewage all goes into the river," Dr. Veer Badra Mishra told ABC News while sitting on the banks of the Ganges.
Mishra heads a temple in Varanasi and is also an engineering professor. "Ninety-five percent of the pollution in the Ganges is caused by domestic sewage," he said.
The sewage has poisoned the water to the point that the people who bathe in it are swimming in their own filth. Mahend Naranna, for one, can't enter water he's visited all his life without thinking it will kill him one day.
"The raw waste water is approximately 10,000 times more concentrated with fecal coloform or disease causing microorganisms than the standard for a river of this type," Dr. F. Bailey Green, the president of GO2 Water, a water treatment company based in Berkeley, told ABC News while riding a boat down the Ganges. "It's roughly equivalent to the volume in 100 Olympic-sized swimming pools per day discharged untreated into the river."
Swimming pools of sewage that have poisoned the drinking water in villages along the river have caused "water-borne disease, dysentery, diarrhea … one of the leading causes of infant mortality in the world today," Dr. Green said.
One of those villages is Kamali, where Mrs. Sevak's son died from diarrhea.
"The water is not hygienic, it's polluted. Many diseases spread because of this dirty water. And the poor people are so miserable," Sharda Debi, one of the village elders, told ABC News during a recent visit to Kamali.
"We have often complained to the district magistrate and to the Government of Uttar Pradesh but nobody cares… They know the bad condition of this place but they do not bother to improve the situation of the poor people. They do not care to find out the reason why the people over here die so soon."
Solutions: Rivers and Cities
Now, Mishra, Green, and a team of Indian and American engineers have developed what they think is a solution for the Ganges River: sewage treatment that doesn't require electricity.
"We have given a non-electrical system. Interception and diversion is done by gravity force. No sewage pumps," Mishra said.
Which is exactly the opposite of what the government has done. On a recent visit to a government sewage treatment plant, a dozen workers sat having tea, doing nothing, because the plant wasn't operating. There are only four to eight hours of electricity every day in this area, and the huge Rolls Royce engines that power the final steps of the treatment sit idle the other 16 hours.
"How do you operate a plant without electricity?" Green asked as he was escorted away from the plant by government workers, shaking his head. "The interception and delivery of sewage to the treatment process requires electricity, and the treatment process requires electricity, and when the electricity is not available, obviously those two facilities cannot operate."
The organization that Mishra leads has taken the government to court to try and force it to fund their plan. So far, there has been no movement.
"If we are successful here, it will be a very, very inspiring model for all the river cities of India, for all these cities situated along the river," he said. "Because so much money has been spent, from 1986 to this date, but no river … has been cleaned. I think we need commitment, I think we need faith and love for the environment and I think we need to act in rational decisions for science and technology."
In New Delhi, the solution lies in management instead of technology.
"The government currently focuses on bringing in more water from a huge distance," Srinivasan said. But instead, if the city made the distribution more equal, reduced the amount of leaks and rebuilt crumbling pipelines, "everyone in the city can get water without any problem."
Which is exactly what this city and this country needs if it's going to continue its advancement.
"We need water for everything," Mitlesh Kumar said. "If there is no water, what will we do?"
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Template:Farm Home and Its Planning/req
- Make a sketch of a darm house, showing locations and relation of house to farm buildings, pens, yards, garden, fields with proper landscape effect.
- Present a landscape plan for a farm home showing both front and back yard effect and show drainage plans.
- Present a drawing plan of sewage disposal for a country home.
- Describe the value of windbreaks for a rural home, and the kind of trees of most value for such purpose in his section.
- Tell where and when he would plant nut and fruit trees for a country home.
- Name seven suitable shrubs, plants and vines for the farm door yard.
| The official source for the information shown in this article or section is:|
Handbook for Boys, 1948 Edition
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The latest buzz phrase in business The united states is Range and Introduction. What is it exactly? And each and every it matter? Keep reading and see!
If you have not learnt the Supplement, Selection and subject matter refer to standard terms used to illustrate what is whithin businesses which have well-known or plan to create a more diversified labor force. These lenders purpose in achieving this bygetting and selling, and preserving staff that fall into the selection and inclusion classes. Bring in more business include Asians, ladies and unprivileged Camera People in the usa, and Hispanics.
Variety and Supplement isn’t just with regards to the employment and jobs more people with distinct racial backdrops. Bring in more business are generally publicized and stored with regards to leadershipskills and experience, and thinking ability and sociable capabilities.
These inclusive providers offer a selection of possibilities with regard to their personnel. Some incorporate allowing staff the ability to get involved in a direction advancement software although some supply staff with class education and learning.
Scholars are also occasionally publicized and stored depending on operation and academic accomplishment. And in some cases they may not be endorsed determined by functionality whatsoever. Such things happen if you experience no-one in the party in any respect to suit send out diversity and supplement user profile.
Men and women often get baffled in relation to Assortment and Introduction. The complete intention is to possess a enterprise that is much more varied included in the staff member bottom. But what has referenced the following is not really a proper group alternatively it’s the range of folks that suit the user profile.
Assortment and Supplement is much more than getting more people with different race and culture. It will be the kind of tradition and social recognition that is certainly found within the business enterprise online community.
Everyone need to find out the way to communicate effectively in a all inclusive surroundings. This is very difficult option to take. It will take a commitment to know another and discover the way we can work and team up jointly.
There is a great amount which goes into our affairs collectively. Nonetheless, it can be pretty disheartening in relation to transmission for the reason that just one group feels as though their wants are now being forgotten. But all at once, yet another collection might think that they’re the people staying forgotten.
The current corporations deal with a constantly-rising level of competition in the market. A great way to maintain your organization continues to be at the top of its recreation is to ensure that you make every effort to be as all inclusive as you possibly can. Introduction is paramount to success.
For a basic level, inclusive means that everybody in the office receives a share of focus. When you pay an increased value you will definately get an even better good quality product or service, and when in paying for less money you’ll receive an inferior product.
A complete work environment is not just something,. This is the idea guiding this. It’s a life-style, a philosophy that spreads throughout the many things to do that happen in your business. If you would like stay related in the world of organization then it is crucial that you spend and think about to Diversity and Add-on nowadays.
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Designing a website takes time, patience and a little bit of know-how. It can be easy if you already know what goes into great design, such as SEO and useful navigation. Read on to find some great tips and tricks which will help you build the website of your dreams!
Don’t neglect cascading style sheets. Using a style sheet makes it easy to give all pages of your site the same look and feel. It also reduces the file size of your pages, as the CSS file can be accessed once on the server and then from the user’s local cache thereafter.
Don’t use lots of graphics. Graphics are critical, but they can also clutter up a page. Graphics should be used to improve the site, not overdecorate it. Having the right amount of graphics that don’t clutter the design can improve the site’s usability, too.
To help you design a site that is easy for people to read all the information, make sure the pages are not too wide. If the pages are not too wide then they will fit on most people’s computer screens. If the page is too wide, then part of your valuable information could be left off the page.
Personalize your site. Your clients want to feel comfortable with you, so use testimonials from trusted customers, as well as photographs of people. Building trust with your customers is very important, so be sure to let them know you personally care about the product or service you are providing them.
Choose your web host carefully. Some hosts require you to link to them, while others may force you to install their pop-ups. You should also test their performance using one of the many tools available for free online, as you do not want to host with someone who is consistently slow or crashing.
If you want more visitors to your site, you need to design it in a way that makes it easy to update content. If your site can be easily updated it helps you to be able to quickly add new and relevant information. A site that is constantly updated will keep your visitors coming back for more.
If you intend to use advertisements on your site as a way to increase your earnings, make sure to maintain an appropriate ratio. Keeping your advertisements at no more than 25 percent of your content ensure your site is not cluttered with too many of them. Just like people would not watch television if it was nothing but commercials, site visitors are less likely to stay on your site if you have too many advertisements.
One thing you should always take into account when you’re thinking about web design is the latest technology that is out today. As technology advances to does the web, so be sure you are always up to date with what is changing so that you’re that much more understanding of how the web works.
Now that you’ve read the ideas in this article, you should be able to go forth and design a website which will rival those of your competition. Keep learning to find new techniques to increase your traffic, add new content and boost your page to the top of your market!…
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Whats up, I’m Jude and Entire Meals Cooking is all about actual food, that is ok to eat and has the flexibility to heal, nourish and delight. It wasn’t till after I’d modified instructions and moved on to English literature and had begun to cook dinner that I first heard of meals science. After you remove meat from a grill, oven, or other heat source, permit it to relaxation for the specified amount of time.
It is conceivable that they could add an interesting flavor, but more possible that the bacteria have feasted on the inventory’s sugars and savory amino acids, the air has oxidized and staled the fats, and the stock has become less tasty.
We prepare our meals by hand at our kitchen using the same elements and techniques as a very good cook would at home. Number of recipes and cooking-associated articles with a deal with considerate and stylish living. Take further care when preparing meals that include uncooked egg, comparable to selfmade mayonnaise, tiramisu and eggnog.
That is learn how to repair your commonest cooking disasters and save your food. When preparing meals use totally different chopping boards for raw and cooked food – wash them well between uses. The best way we prepare dinner our meals is as important as the way in which we prepare and store it. Insufficient cooking is a typical reason for food poisoning.
Even if you happen to solely have a small stove or cooker with a few hotplates, you can cook scrumptious meals at house. Cooking will cut back harmful micro organism to safe ranges whether it is accomplished properly. One other advantage of cooking is that it makes in any other case inedible meals, equivalent to tubers, edible.
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Paranoid schizophrenia is one of the mental disorders that can have a very profound effect on the life of the person with this condition. Schizophrenia ha a number of subtypes, and paranoid is one of these. Someone who suffers from this type of the mental illness will usually experience delusional thoughts and auditory hallucinations, and these typically center around conspiracy ideas and persecution. In spite of these symptoms someone who is diagnosed with this subtype of the disease will have a better chance to function better in employment and with society as long as the symptoms are treated and managed. Usually someone with paranoid schizophrenia tends to be older, and this subtype tends to occur later on in life for some reason. With successful management this subtype of schizophrenia is seen in people who lead successful and meaningful lives.
Anyone with a diagnosis of schizophrenia may eventually be classified with paranoid schizophrenia if certain symptoms start to appear. Being classified in one subtype of this mental disorder only refers to the current symptoms experienced, and an individual with this condition may switch between subtype categories as the disease waxes and wanes. Someone with the paranoid form of schizophrenia may get hostile at times, and they may believe that others are out to get them or harm them in some way. Without proper treatment paranoid schizophrenia can cause the disease to become very severe, making the individual dangerous to themselves and others if they are not diagnosed and treated before this point is reached.
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CHICAGO (Reuters) - An advisory committee for the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention voted on Wednesday to recommend that pregnant women be immunized against pertussis during each pregnancy in hopes of stemming a growing U.S. outbreak of the illness, also known as whooping cough.
Giving a booster shot during pregnancy increases the chances that antibodies from the mother will be passed along to her baby, offering the infant increased protection until the child is old enough be immunized, starting at two months.
According to the CDC, the United States is on track to have the most reported cases of whooping cough since 1959, with more than 32,000 cases reported so far this year, including 16 deaths, most of which occurred in infants.
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices favored the expanded use of the whooping cough booster shot given to adolescents and adults, known as Tdap, by a vote of 14-0 with one abstention, the CDC said.
The childhood vaccine, called DTaP, is given in a series of five shots starting at two months.
The recommendation builds on the panel's decision in June 2011 to offer the vaccine during pregnancy only to women who have not previously been immunized.
According to the panel, providers of prenatal care should offer the booster shots regardless of the patient's history of receiving Tdap. If not given during pregnancy, Tdap should be given immediately after delivery, before leaving the hospital or birthing center.
Whooping cough typically begins with cold-like symptoms such as a fever, runny nose and sneezing and is accompanied by a mild cough that grows more severe by the first or second week. A high-pitched whoop, giving the illness its name, can follow violent coughing fits.
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In most of the institutions, students are primarily used to wear an ID for security purpose. You can almost in all the companies lead the way by following the rules of wearing ID cards. For your information, most of the students follow the rules of providing the identity card to the employees in large numbers. We think what the main reason is for wearing ID with rope while pursuing. It actually helps the administrators to identify the students without any hassles.
Whenever we entered the institute campus, we could see the students often wearing their ID cards for security purpose. From kindergarten schools to colleges, every student wears ID cards. These are the cards which will help the administrators to make it easier to follow the students. However, most of the students aren’t aware that what the essential purpose of ID card is. For your information, students ID card will make an easy way to find about their status. It helps to gather all of your information without any difficulties.
So, if any of the students who are all going to receive their ID card for future purpose, make sure to check out five things that ID card must comprise of. Moreover, people who have the query that what are lanyards; it’s just a rope that attached to ID card. Students, who are all going to wear ID card, make sure to know about the important things that your card should have. Let’s check out below that what all the stuff that ID card required is.
- Simple design and careful layout
Rather than focusing only on the designs of layout, be sure to check whether it has a slick layout. Moreover, the simple design of ID card will help the people to find the information available easily. It is essential for the students to provide important details like address, phone number, and other necessary stuff in a crisp manner. It should be the main goal for the students that whenever carrying their ID card in institutions. The thing is it will help the viewers to understand the stuff available in the ID card without any difficulties.
- Requirement of Technology
In day to day life, the world is highly moving towards facing the technology in all the use. When it comes to students ID, we could see a barcode or a magnetic stripe built in it. This kind of card will help the students to take their books from a library or helps to enter the important rooms with security purpose. Moreover, it will also help to store your entire information for you. This thing leads the way to find the solution in case if any issue occurs.
- The photo in Student ID
It is one of the important things for the students to check. When it comes to an Identity card, it is important that having a picture with right amount of size for perfect visible. Also, the photo in identity card will ensure you the owner of this card. So, whenever people are looking forward to checking identity card, their views will always be on the identity card.
- Addition of Mascots
We all know that mascots are highly helpful to promote or represent the school. So, adding mascots or school color at the corner of ID card will help to find you by others outside as well. It will also make the thing better instead of making hard to find the students. Also, people who think what are lanyards and how it helps Mascots. Yes, you can also add Mascots over the rope for better visible.
- Add crisp information
Generally, when it comes to ID card, most of the institutions are requested to add more information from Name to address, phone number and more. However, it will raise the doubt on privacy. Yes, the concern about privacy should makeover with secure manner. Because, if more information added, then there will also be having a chance of misusing. So, make sure to add only important details.
People who all are seeking to know on a question that what are lanyards have got the answer finally. Also, the above-given stuff will be noted and essential for the institutions to follow before going to provide the ID card to the students.
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By LaDarius McKinley
These are the Salmonella symptoms. Salmonella is usually caused by eating raw or undercooked meat, poultry, eggs or egg products.
This is what Salmonella in adults looks like. However, in certain people- especially infants and young children, older adults, transplant recipients, pregnant women, and people with weakened immune systems- the development of complications can be dangerous.
Salmonella is a common bacterial disease that affects the intestinal tract. Salmonella bacteria typically live in animal and human intestines and are shed through feces. Humans become infected most frequently through contaminated water or food.
This is how to prevent or avoid Salmonella in your kitchen. Contamination also occur in the kitchen, when juices from raw meat and poultry come into contact with uncooked foods, such as salads.
The incubation period for Salmonella is 6-72 hours but is typically 18-36 hours.
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Answers to your Questions
Solar PV (Photo-voltaic) cells produce DC (Direct Current) on incident of photons in light. This DC electricity is converted into AC electricity using inverter. This converted electricity is consumed, stored or exported.
As name suggest the system is grid tied, the inverter will shutdown when grid fails. This feature is to protect EB personnel who work on grid lines. The advantage of grid tied is that it reduces your electricity consumption by tallying the produced units through a bi-directional meter (net-meter). Grid-tied solar power generation system reduces the backup cost.However in power critical areas Off-Grid system can be opted with battery backup system, which works similar to UPS.
Yes PV works on photons from light, which can be scattered light and direct incident light, when there is cloud the direct incident light may not be helpful but the scattered light will be still providing photons to generate electricity
When you install equal or over to your capacity, you will not be charged for any consumption; monthly fixed charges will be applicable. In case of partial capacity , there will be consumed units payable to EB, however the power generated by the system will be tallied to your EB bill
It depends on the sun's insolation on the area. The average units generated in indian region will be on average 4 to 4.5 Units (kwh) per day per KW
The solar panels are very durable, they come with tempered glass. The panels will require only cleaning, that too it will be washed through rains most of the time. The panels come with 25 years warrantee, Such is the durability of solar panels.
It is according to consumption of units (given there is sufficient roof space). if there is variation in monthly consumption, optimum value should be determined. There is no necessity that you should go for solar for entire capacity, you could go for partial capacity to reduce your EB bills. Call us for site analysis and estimate for solar capacity required.
90 sq.ft. of shadow free are per KW, however 10% of the space can be reduced using higher efficiency panels in case of space constraint.
Almost any type of roof can be utilized to install solar panels. panels will be tilted to south with angle equal to latitude of the location. if roof is tilted to any direction, modules can be lifted to south. We install panels on Metal, RCC and Slanting RCC roofs.
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Conflict between divorced parents can lead to mental health problems in children, study finds — ScienceDaily
Conflict concerning divorced or divided mom and dad raises the possibility of children building actual physical and psychological wellbeing problems.
A new analyze from the Arizona State University Investigate and Education and learning Advancing Children’s Wellbeing (Reach) Institute has found that children experience panic of remaining deserted when their divorced or divided mom and dad have interaction in conflict. Stressing about remaining deserted predicted long term psychological wellbeing problems in children. The do the job will be revealed in Baby Improvement on January 12.
“Conflict is a salient stressor for little ones, and the backlink concerning exposure to interparental conflict and psychological wellbeing problems in children is very well set up throughout all spouse and children kinds — married, cohabitating, divided and divorced,” reported Karey O’Hara, a research assistant professor of psychology at ASU and very first creator on the paper. “Conflict concerning divorced or divided mom and dad predicted
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By the President of the United States of America
During our annual observance of National American Indian Heritage Month, we celebrate and study the rich history and folklore of America's native peoples. Long before this country was settled by immigrants from around the world, it was the home of generations of Native Americans. Each of the many different tribes that inhabited this vast country had a unique and vibrant culture, as well as its own system of social order. The first European settlers in the New World benefitted greatly from what they learned from this country's original inhabitants, who gave them a wealth of knowledge and skills in such areas as hunting, farming, and crafting tools. Today all Americans can continue to learn from the rich heritage of this country's native peoples.
By the time we reach adulthood, most of us are familiar with the legends of Pocahontas, Geronimo, Sacajawea, and Hiawatha. However, National American Indian Heritage Month provides an opportunity to learn more about the contributions and the achievements of countless other Native Americans. This month, we remember individuals such as Seattle, the chief and orator for whom the great city in Washington is named; Sequoyah, who taught thousands of his fellow Cherokee to read and write; and Ely Parker, the son of a Seneca leader, who served as an officer under General Ulysses S. Grant during the Civil War and became the first Indian to serve as Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Fifty years after the beginning of United States participation in World War II, we also honor the Navajo code-talkers, whose use of their native tongue and secret code words was never broken by enemy forces.
Every tribe of Native Americans is unique, and each has celebrated heroes of its own. Yet together generations of Native Americans have quietly strengthened and enriched the United States. American culture has been greatly influenced by the customs and traditions of this country's native peoples, and all of us can be grateful for their outstanding example of environmental stewardship.
This month, we also celebrate the unique government-to-government relationship that exists between Indian tribes and the Federal Government. That relationship has weathered various conflicts, inequities, and changes over the years, evolving into a vibrant partnership in which more than 500 tribal entities stand shoulder to shoulder with the other governmental units that form our Republic. We will continue to seek greater mutual understanding and trust in this relationship, as well as the further advancement of tribal self-government.
The Congress, by Senate Joint Resolution 172, has designated the month of November 1991 as "National American Indian Heritage Month" and has authorized and requested the President to issue a proclamation in observance of this occasion.
Now, Therefore, I, George Bush, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim November 1991 as National American Indian Heritage Month. I urge all Americans, as well as their elected representatives at the Federal, State, and local levels, to observe this month with appropriate programs, ceremonies, and activities.
In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this thirtieth day of October, in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety-one, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and sixteenth.
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Click, Clack, Quackity-Quack is now available as a board book that includes a typewriter keyboard soundpad. While reading the book, kids can press the appropriate letters to discover various sounds as Farmer Brown's mischievous tenants lead them through the alphabet. From "ducks dashing" to "watermelons waiting," this interactive take on a best-selling classic is both educational and entertaining.
This board book sits on an extended backer with a keyboard soundpad which includes 7 different sounds and an on/off switch. Safe for all ages.
Doreen Cronin is the author of many bestselling and New York Times bestselling picture books, including Click, Clack, Quack to School!; Click, Clack, Surprise!; Click, Clack, Ho, Ho, Ho; Click, Clack, Peep; Click, Clack, Boo!; Dooby Dooby Moo; Thump, Quack, Moo: A Whacky Adventure; Bounce; Wiggle; Duck for President; Giggle, Giggle, Quack; Bloom; and the Caldecott Honor Book Click, Clack, Moo: Cows That Type as well as The Chicken Squad series and Cyclone. She lives in Brooklyn, New York. Visit her at DoreenCronin.com.
Betsy Lewin is the Caldecott Honor–winning illustrator of Click, Clack, Moo: Cows That Type and its sequels, including Click, Clack, Quack to School!; Click, Clack, Ho, Ho, Ho; Click, Clack, Peep; Click, Clack, Boo!; Giggle, Giggle, Quack; Duck for President; Dooby Dooby Moo; and Thump, Quack, Moo; in addition to a number of other picture books, including So, What’s It Like to Be a Cat? and Where Is Tippy Toes?. She lives in Brooklyn, New York.
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It appears scientists are now able to attach genes in particular spots on genechips using a new “daisy” molecule. This allows them to place genes onto the chip in a sequential–that is, ordered–fashion. The first purpose of this breakthrough is to produce certain proteins in an extra-cellular manner. But, as the quote below shows, they also have plans to put together a logical chain of these chips for “information processing”. Is that right? Do cells carry on “information processing”, just like this computer I’m working at? So, using an analogy to Sir Fred Hoyle’s quip about evolution, I suppose if a tornado passed through the components section of a Fry’s Electronics store, out would pop a computer. You have to really hand it to chance mechanisms!
More complex artificial gene circuits can be envisioned by extending this protocol, and thus the biochips may be able to carry out complex cascaded information-processing functions, mimicking those in living organisms. . . . placing genes close to one another on a surface provides opportunities not available in bulk solution by allowing communication between individual gene sequences in these artificial cells.
Here’s the full link.
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Nebraska Revised Statute 14-2003
Chapter 14 Section 2003
City of the metropolitan class; eminent domain; when; procedure.
(1) Each city of the metropolitan class may exercise its power of eminent domain to maintain or preserve buildings, lands, areas, or districts which have been determined by the landmark heritage preservation commission to be of historical, architectural, cultural, or educational value.
(2) Within a landmark heritage preservation district a city of the metropolitan class shall not exercise its power of eminent domain to acquire property for the purpose of demolition and reconveyance for private use. This subsection shall not be applicable to any eminent domain action filed by such city prior to September 6, 1991.
(3) Whenever it becomes necessary to take control of property pursuant to and for the purposes stated in this section, the purpose and necessity for such control shall be declared by ordinance. The procedure to condemn property shall be exercised in the manner set forth in sections 76-704 to 76-724.
- Laws 1976, LB 711, § 3;
- Laws 1991, LB 247, § 1.
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GAINESVILLE, Fla. — Video courtesy of WUFT 5 News Gainesville with contribution from sports reporter and Race Chaser Online Open Wheel correspondent Joel Sebastianelli — WUFT 5 photo — While the summer heat reaches its peak in August, many students get away from Gainesville to unwind from a stressful semester before returning to campus for the fall semester.
However, a group of engineering students at the University of Florida is staying at school this summer, but in the shop instead of the classroom.
Founded in 1991 with the intention of providing a unique hands-on experience, Gator Motorsports continues to grow and compete. Each spring, a crew of approximately twenty members enters an open wheel race car in the prestigious Formula SAE competition at Michigan International Speedway.
At the 2014 event in May, the Honda powered entry placed ninth, ahead of other schools from around the world in North America, South America, Europe and Asia. The other eleven months of the year are spent hard at work designing, and manufacturing, and marketing the machine.
“We’re just passionate about engineering, and being passionate about engineering is what drives us to continue. That’s why we come here every day,” said UF junior David Kanner, the president of Gator Motorsports.
The final product last season was capable of accelerating from 0-60 miles per hour in just over four seconds and cornering at 1.5 times the force of gravity, but each year brings the challenge of starting all over again and designing a new machine from scratch.
The 2014 model sits in the center of the garage floor now, but the upcoming car has not been finalized. By September, the team hopes to finish converting a litany of computerized and hand drawn designs into a new and improved entry.
Gator Motorsports has been successful in recent years based on Formula SAE scoring that grades acceleration, business presentation, and efficiency, but the results haven’t come without hard work. Most crew members are asked to spend an average of twenty hours each week in the garage.
“There is a little bit of impatience to just want to get it done, get it finished, and get it driving. But, it is one day at a time,” said crew member Peter Cooper.
Although the students’ extensive volunteer labor is cheap, the process of constructing and perfecting the new race car is not. Gator Motorsports is funded partly by alumni and donations, but most of the budget in excess of $50,000 comes from sponsorship. Among the recognizable names helping in part to fund the operation are Fortune 500 companies Boeing and Procter & Gamble.
Porsche and Gulf have contributed as well, with the 2014 car actually paying homage to a famous Gulf-sponsored Porsche sports car livery raced in the 1970s by Steve McQueen, among others.
Gator Motorsports rarely breaks from building, working most days throughout the year including weekends and some holidays. Once the checkered flags waves in Michigan, the result are worth the wait.
“Over the past five years, we’ve done remarkably well at improving our results from the previous year. We’ve gone from 43rd to 27th, to 19th, to 10th, and now we’re at 9th place,” said Kanner. “We’d love to continue that momentum.”
Next year’s Formula SAE event is over nine months away, but Gator Motorsports is already pushing ahead at full throttle.
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OTTAWA - The Bank of Montreal says a sudden and sharp correction in the housing market could have a devastating impact on the Canadian economy overall, enough to trigger another recession.
The analysis by senior economist Sal Guatieri finds that even a 10 per cent correction — what many would call a soft landing — could sap as much as one percentage point from gross domestic product growth.
Guatieri says a 20 per cent or more plunge in prices and homebuilding could send the economy into recessionary territory.
The conclusion stems from an analysis of the contribution of the brisk housing market on the economy between 2002 and 2007, when prices rose five percentage points faster than incomes.
According to the BMO, the rapid escalation in home values and construction activity added 0.56 percentage points to annual growth during those six years.
But now, with home values at or near record levels, a sharp correction would have the opposite effect.
The BMO report does not suggest the housing market will crash, in fact it argues against it, but warns homeowners to manage their debts prudently.
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By Allison Tait, ninemsn Finance
Welcome windfall or nasty bill? What's your tax return going to deliver this year? So much depends on how organised you are, and how you play the tax game. Here's our guide to paying less.
Start with the paperwork
Don't wait until the last minute to get your paperwork together. Valuable deductions are lost because you can't find a receipt at the last minute.
Talk to a (good) accountant or tax agent
While many of us see accountant's or tax agent's fees as wasted money, arguing that our tax is simple, it's possible we're doing ourselves out of not only advice, but deductions.
"For a start, the fees are tax deductible," says accountant and financial advisor Jason Cunningham, author of Where's My Money? (Wiley).
"But a good accountant is someone who can add value to your situation. Not just the guy who gets you the most back — a person who can help you with your goals and objectives."
Word of mouth or referral is the best place to start.
Don't overlook the obvious
There are several everyday deductions that people often overlook. "Most people can claim their motor vehicle expenses in some way," says Andrew Jeffers, CEO of Aussie Tax Time (www.aussietaxtime.com). "If you use it for work or to go from work to work-related study, you can claim that."
There are four methods of working out how to claim deductions, but Jeffers favours keeping a logbook. "If you keep one for 12 weeks, it lasts for five years," Jeffers says.
Jeffers also warns against falling into the trap of believing a car allowance is automatically a full deduction. "You need to add the allowance to your income and then claim a deduction using one of the four methods," he says. "If your allowance is more than your claim, you will be taxed on the difference."
Kids can be tax-deductible
Well, not exactly, but you can receive a rebate in the form of the Education Rebate, to the tune of $750 (primary) or $1500 (secondary school). "You need to keep receipts of expenses in relation to your child's education costs," Jeffers says. Before you get too excited, fees are not included, although it's worth noting that components of some school fees are. Check with your accountant.
All education is not equal
While any form of self-education is admirable, it's not all tax deductible. "It must be something that helps you increase your existing income," Jeffers says. "A plumber might do a law degree, but that's not tax deductible. It must be in the same strain." Choose your courses wisely to save tax.
Don't forget to take your medicine
The medical expenses tax offset is another area that can be forgotten. "There is a threshold, but it's particularly good for families as they can combine expenditure," Cunningham says. "Once you spend $1500, you get 20 percent back on any medical expenditure above that." Doctor's fees are not included, but you might be surprised by what is.
Make sure you offer a comprehensive return
Don't forget to declare that little bit of interest on your everyday bank account. "A year ago, you might have got away with it," Jeffers says. "But the ATO has comprehensive records and they cross-reference. Contact them for a pre-filing report, which helps you to see what they already have, and reminds you what you need to include."
Don't forget to claim what's yours
The Family Tax Benefit used to be administered by the ATO, but now must be claimed separately through Family Assistance. "People get confused and forget to claim it," Jeffers says. "There are different ways to do it — annually, for example — so do some research."
Think about next year
It matters when you do things. If you're putting money in a bank term deposit, for instance, you want it to mature after June 30. That way the interest is deferred into the following tax year.
Beware the trap, however: interest is taxable when it's credited to your account, not when the account matures. So if it's credited monthly or quarterly, you'll pay tax in the year that it's credited. The way around it is to choose a deposit where interest is credited only on maturity.
Start with the paperwork
Now that you've got the 2009-10 tax year out of the way, get your systems in place for next year. Put all your paperwork in one place, whether it be a shoebox or a filing cabinet, and put it in useful categories. Bank together, telcos together, utilities together — and no "miscellaneous". The key is to do it regularly. The more often you do it, the less unpleasant it will be.
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By: Dr Lynda Kelly, Category: Museullaneous, Date: 19 May 2010
Second post about identity outlining what has been written about identity in the museum context.
Identity has been discussed and researched in recent museum literature (Falk, 2006; Hooper-Greenhill, 2004; Leinhardt, et al., 2002; Leinhardt & Knutson, 2004; Rounds, 2006; Spock, 2006). Researchers have speculated that the museum experience influences identity. It has been recognised that museums can play a crucial role in shaping both individual and national identities through their collections, research and public programs (Gurian, 1999; Rounds, 2006;). A broad and inclusive definition of identity was presented by Fienberg and Leinhardt (2002):
One common conception of identity is that it is comprised of a set of demographic characteristics such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, race, and ethnicity, characteristics that influence people’s attitudes and behaviour and sometimes influence how they are treated by others in the society. Another conception of identity is that it includes the kinds of knowledge and patterns of experience people have that are relevant to a particular activity. This second view treats identity as part of a social context, where the prominence of any given feature varies depending on which aspects of the social context are most salient at any given time (p.168).
A visit to a museum can influence both a person’s identity and their sense of self (Falk, 2006; Leinhardt & Gregg, 2002; Leinhardt, et al., 2002; Rounds, 2006). The interplay between the backgrounds that visitors bring and their reactions to objects and experiences can lead to subtle changes in views of themselves, their identity and meaning making, both individually and collectively (Hein, 1998; Leinhardt & Knutson, 2004; Silverman, 1995). Ivanova (2003) recognised that a two-way process of exchange occurred between a visitor’s identity and the sense of identity that was present within the content of the museum. She noted that museums both preserved history and memory as well as constructed them. She felt that it was important, then, that ‘… museums in general … understand how they influence the development of identity, explicitly or implicitly’ (p.22).
Museums also have objects which can strongly resonate with a person’s experiences, contributing to both forming and affirming a visitor’s identity (Gurian, 1999; Ivanova, 2003; Leinhardt, et al., 2002; Paris, 2002), as Hooper-Greenhill (2000) noted: ‘Objects are used to construct identities, on both a personal and a national level. Objects can become invested with deeply held feelings and can symbolise powerful convictions through which life is led’ (p.109).
Identity can be shaped by visitors’ interactions with museum objects: ‘… visitors recall meaningful objects during museum visits that elicit feelings relevant to their own personal identities’ (Paris & Mercer, 2002, p.418). In researching visitor’s responses to objects, other manifestations of identity examined by Paris and Mercer were ‘… gender, ethnicity, historical generation, self and family’ (p.418). Hooper-Greenhill (2000) recognised that museums play a key role, not only in maintaining and transforming culture on a broad scale, but also through ‘… the recognition of the significance of objects in relation [to] the construction of the self’ (p.150).
Leinhardt and Knutson (2004) in reporting the work of the Museum Learning Collaborative, suggested that identity could be considered in three ways. The first was through demographic factors such as age, gender and ethnicity; the second being the changing roles people play in relation to others in the group and the activity being undertaken. The third was viewing identity through the ‘… collective past of visitors’ (p.50), including their prior knowledge and experiences, motivations and agendas. They proposed that identity was defined by the individual: ‘I am who I think I am, and we are who we think we are’ (p.51). In relation to a museum visit they suggested that identity is participatory and changing in response to the visit itself. Leinhardt and Knutson concluded that: ‘Identity was measured less by the demographics and more by the details of how the groups were enacting a particular visit, specifically by their level of interest, motivation and curiosity, and by their appreciative and experiential knowledge’ (p.75).
In exploring long-term memory and visits to World Expos Anderson (2003) suggested that sociocultural identity was a critical factor that contributed to people’s memories. In this context Anderson defined sociocultural identity as ‘… the inherent set of interests, attitudes, beliefs, social roles, stage of life and behaviours that collectively define the participants at the time of their Expo experiences’ (p.406). He found that the social dimension of a person’s sociocultural identity elicited the strongest memories of their experiences, more so than specific exhibitions and displays. However, he noted that, not only what a person remembered, but how they reflected on their experiences through the “frame” of their identity and their role in the visit, were important. Anderson concluded that ‘Memories were overwhelmingly dominated and mediated by the socio-cultural identity of the individual at the time of the visit’ (Anderson, 2003, p.409).
Worts (1996) also reflected on the social nature of identity in art museums, suggesting that there were two kinds of identity—personal identity that made an individual unique, and collective identity in belonging to family, friends and community, both culturally and globally. He advocated that identity was experienced by ‘… reaffirming the sense of self, [and] evolving a new or varied sense of self’ (p.128). Worts suggested that identity was a complex notion, both conscious and unconscious, and was the way that people made meaning when visiting a museum: ‘Cognitions, emotion, imagination, intuition and physical interactions all contribute to the experience of an individuals’ sense of identity – either by affirming an existing sense of self, or by providing an impetus for an evolving sense of self. This identity is generally reflected in one’s knowledge, beliefs, taste and skills’ (p.128-129).
Leinhardt and Gregg’s research (2002) about trainee teachers’ engagement with a social history exhibition found that their views about civil rights were formed based on an understanding of both who they were (their individual identity) and the tools they had acquired as part of their professional training (their professional identity). Leinhardt and Gregg noted that ‘How the content is understood and appropriated by visitors is a consequence of their own sense of identity, prior knowledge, and exploratory engagements, as well as their uses of the devices and tools built into the museum environment’ (p.142).
Rounds (2006) proposed that visitors use museums for “identity work”, defined as ‘… the processes through which we construct, maintain, and adapt our sense of personal identity, and persuade other people to believe in that identity’ (p.133). He suggested that identity is created and sustained through reflexive actions and wondered how this would be demonstrated through a museum visit, particularly given the dominance of “browsing behaviour” among visitors (Rounds, 2004). He also noted that when studying identity the focus should be not on what a person’s identity is, but what they are doing about it in terms of how their identity unfolds and changes over time. In thinking about the role of museums Rounds advocated that they offer ‘… opportunities both to confirm our existing identity, and to safely explore alternatives’ (Rounds, 2006, p.138), particularly as museums display order that enables visitors to understand relationships between objects and their place in the world.
Falk (2006) observed that ‘… an individual’s motivations relative to learning are closely aligned with that individual’s sense of self and identity … learning expresses identity’ (p.154). He proposed that identity is not fixed, that people have multiple identities, expressed at different times and situated within the realities of the world. Falk emphasised the importance of motivations as a way to describe a visitor’s “entering identity”, under the categories of explorers, facilitators, professional/hobbyists, experience seekers and spiritual pilgrims.
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Insurance premiums are the sums of money that homeowners, individuals or businesses pay to have an insurance policy. They are usually added on to policies that cover people for health care, cars, homes, and life.
This premium is considered as an income for the insurance company. It’s also a liability for them in the event that they must pay out when claims are made against the policy. Not paying your premium can sometimes result in your policy being canceled.
Insurance premiums explained
Policyholders with insurance policies can choose from a range of different options to pay their insurance premiums. There are some insurers who allow the policyholder to pay it in installments, while others may require the premium to be paid in full before they’ll cover you.
Sometimes, there are additional fees that are payable to the insurer alongside the premium. This will depend on the type of coverage you want, your age, where you live and how many claims you’ve filed in the past.
The greater the risk there is associated, the more expensive the policy might be. In terms of health insurance, this could be affected by your age and your current health. If you need home protection then factors such as the area you live, crime rates there, and whether it is prone to flooding or other natural disasters will need to be taken into account too.
Are there any special considerations with insurance premiums?
Of course, it goes without saying that people looking for home insurance need to shop around and get the best deal for their money. Using comparison sites is one way, asking friends and family for recommendations is another.
Some sites will allow uninsured customers who are interested in using their services to register with them for help and advice. You’ll need to give some very basic details and then choose from a wide range of options to suit your home and your needs. A policy and premium will be calculated based on the information you’ve been given.
Another option is to contact an insurance broker or agent who will work with a variety of different companies and aim to get you the best deal, without you having to do any of the hard work. A word of caution here is to be wary of some brokers who may be working on commission and may, therefore, not always point you towards the most cost-effective premium and policy for you. It’s always wise to check out any information you’re given before you go ahead.
What are premiums used for?
Insurance companies use premiums to cover any liabilities with the policies that they underwrite. This is to help keep their prices sustainable and workable in what is often an incredibly competitive market. They then go on to invest these premiums in assets that have varying returns, but that will always have a certain level of liquidity. Insurance regulators are responsible for setting the number or amount of liquid assets that are required for insurers to be able to continue to pay out claims when they arise.
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Meanwhile, numerous studies have shown traditional carbohydrate loading enhances performance in time trials lasting longer than 90 minutes. Whereas, fat loading reduces the amount of glycogen the muscles burn during exercise, carbo-loading does the opposite. However, carbo-loading increases the supply of glycogen even more and, as a result, that supply lasts longer, and endurance is increased. In other words, carbo-loading achieves the same effect as fat loading, but in a completely different way.
Wouldn't it be great if you could fat load and carbo load before marathons and other long races so that you could take advantage of both ways of making your muscle glycogen supplies last longer? Actually, you can. In 2001, Vicki Lambert tested the hunch that a period of fat loading followed immediately by a short carbo-loading phase would allow endurance athletes to have the best of both worlds in a subsequent endurance test. The fat-loading period would increase the capacity of the muscles to burn fat during prolonged exercise. The carbo-loading phase that followed would then reverse the depletion of muscle glycogen stores that was caused by the fat-loading period. The only question was whether carbo-loading would also negate the boost in fat-burning capacity that resulted from fat loading.
Turns out it didn't. Five trained cyclists were recruited to serve as subjects in the study. All were required to complete a 2.5-hour stationary ride followed by a simulated 20K time trial on two separate occasions: once following a three-day carbo-load that was preceded by a 10-day fat load, and once following a three-day carbo-load preceded by their normal diet. On average, the cyclists completed the time trial 84 seconds faster when their carbo-load was preceded by fat loading. They burned more fat and less muscle glycogen in that trial as well, even though carbo-loading had succeeded in restoring their muscle glycogen levels to normal.
Now, a 20K cycling time trial that comes right after a 2.5-hour ride is a little different than a marathon. Fat loading before carbo-loading is likely to yield a smaller performance boost for marathon runners, and may offer no advantage for some. But if you want to give yourself every advantage in your next marathon, fat loading may be worth a try. In Lambert's study, the subjects got 65 percent of their calories from fat for 10 days before switching to carbo-loading for three days, when they got 70 percent of their calories from carbs. I recommend that you try to match those numbers in your personal experiment. For detailed guidelines on how to do it, check out my latest book, The New Rules of Marathon and Half-Marathon Nutrition.marathon.
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Fifty years ago this week, the United States took a historic step toward a more fair, humane, less racist criminal justice system.
On June 29, 1972, the Supreme Court ruled, in Furman v. Georgia, that the death penalty constituted cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments. The decision halted executions nationally, and more than 630 people sentenced to death in the U.S. were resentenced to life in prison.
In the majority were Justices William O. Douglas, William J. Brennan Jr., Potter Stewart, Byron White, and Thurgood Marshall. Dissenters included Warren Burger, Harry Blackmun, Lewis F. Powell, Jr., and William Rehnquist.
Three separate cases comprised Furman, and all three petitioners were Black men. William Henry Furman was convicted of murder in Georgia, and Lucius Jackson, Jr., and Elmer Branch were convicted of rape, Jackson in Georgia, Branch in Texas. All three were sentenced to death in their respective cases.
The enormity of the ruling was such that the Court issued a short per curiam opinion, and each of the nine justices wrote his own separate opinion, with Justices William J. Brennan, Jr., and Thurgood Marshall writing separate concurring opinions, further arguing that it was unconstitutional under any circumstances.
“For the state to kill, the state denies the defendants’ humanity. Death is a uniquely severe punishment that is increasingly unusual in modern society,” Brennan wrote. “Its use presumes that there exist criminals who will commit a crime if the punishment is life in prison but will not commit a crime if the punishment is death; this assumption is blatantly wrong.”
Racism and the probability of executing the innocent were two of Marshall’s objections.
“I believe that the following facts would serve to convince even the most hesitant of citizens to condemn death as a sanction: capital punishment is imposed discriminatorily against certain identifiable classes of people; there is evidence that innocent people have been executed before their innocence can be proved, and the death penalty wreaks havoc with our entire criminal justice system,” Marshall wrote.
For Douglas, it was essential to acknowledge that the meaning of “cruel and unusual” is based on evolving standards of decency. “It would seem to be incontestable that the death penalty inflicted on one defendant is ‘unusual’ if it discriminates against him by reason of his race, religion, wealth, social position, or class,” he wrote. He emphasized the meaning of “unusual” and that a discriminatory, irregular punishment applied to only certain groups of people is unusual. Equal protection under the law is implicit in the phrase “cruel and unusual.”
This high point in American jurisprudence lasted only four years, until 1976, when capital punishment was reinstated in Gregg v. Georgia. The Court confirmed that capital punishment was legal in the United States, but under limited circumstances. It rejected automatic death sentences and said they can’t be characterized by “arbitrariness and capriciousness.” The ruling led to the use of presenting aggravating and mitigating circumstances in capital cases.
But the truth is that the death penalty is no more constitutional today than it was in 1972. The reasons cited in the majority’s opinions in Furman can be cited today. Capital punishment in the U.S. is just as racist, classist, inhumane, arbitrary, unjust, and barbaric as it was 50 years ago. The Death Penalty Information Center reports that since 1976, 8,281 men and women have been sentenced to death, and 1,547 have been executed. And in the last 49 years, the total number of people sentenced to death who have been exonerated based on evidence of innocence is 191. The National Academy of Sciences estimates that at least four percent of women and men on death row are innocent.
“The death penalty. . . . is unique in its total irrevocability. It is unique in its rejection of rehabilitation of the convict as a basic purpose of criminal justice,” Justice Stewart wrote. “And it is unique, finally, in its absolute renunciation of all that is embodied in our concept of humanity.”
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<urn:uuid:e769488d-f668-40a3-843a-e7efed642e21>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://deathpenalty.org/furman-v-georgia/
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NBA veteran Wilson Chandler signed a deal with Cryptokickers to create the World's first virtual shoes.
The NFT-based fashion brand CryptoKickers designed "shoes for the new world" and signed the first completely virtual shoe deal with NBA veteran Wilson Chandler, thus creating Internet history. This is the first time a professional athlete has signed such an agreement, marking an important moment in the history of crypto.
Since its online launch in March, CryptoKickers has received immediate attention, selling more than 300 pairs of virtual shoes for more than 1.26 ETH (approx. $2,644.11). Prices in the secondary market are even higher, with a pair of Matcha Movers priced at 1.5 ETH (approx. $3,147.75). The brand is currently establishing retail stores in multiple virtual worlds, including CryptoVoxels and Sandbox, and is conducting further expansion deals.
An individually numbered virtual footwear will start at 0.021 ETH (approx. $44.07), and a pair of shoes with rare features will be more expensive. 11% of each transaction will be donated to Cool Earth, a rainforest conservation non-profit organization. Chandler is going to donate all proceeds to the Benton Harbor Community Development Corporation, a non-profit organization designed to help the social and economic development of his hometown of Benton Harbor, Michigan. The proceeds will buy sneakers for local young people and help attract speakers and educate the community about cryptocurrency, NFT, and blockchain technology.
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<urn:uuid:f1c16d96-d6da-4b52-a980-086a8334716a>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.onlyincredible.co.uk/2021/04/cryptokickers-virtual-shoes/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00477.warc.gz
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| 0.934407
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Stressed, tired, feeling worn down, or burnt out? With our heavy work schedules, kids sports and extracurricular activities, basic household chores and projects, the holidays can be a stressful time. Add in-laws, shopping, cooking, and cleaning and you may be feeling frazzled, tired, and fatigued. Maybe you find yourself hitting the snooze button repeatedly or turning to that extra cup of coffee or energy drink to get you through the day?
Why Stress and Adrenal Fatigue Matters
Let’s be honest, stress sucks away your inner peace, well-being, and over all sense of happiness. It can mess with your mood, immune system, ability to think clearly, sleep, energy, and even impact your blood pressure, blood sugar, and weight. YES- stress does have a physical impact on our bodies and cells.
It can become so easy in our busy lives to forget to take care of ourselves. Often to the point of adrenal fatigue.
What is Adrenal Fatigue?
Your adrenal glands are part of your endocrine system and are responsible for producing a variety of hormones. One of the purposes of these hormones is the “fight or flight” response. Originally this response was designed so when we saw a bear (or any acute stressor), our bodies would physiologically adapt so we could fight off the bear or run away as fast as we could. After the threat was gone, our bodies returned to their natural and originals states (homeostasis).
However, in today’s society, we are constantly being bombarded with “threats” and for many, our bodies are not returning to homeostasis. This chronic stress means our adrenal glands are working over time and being taxed. Eventually, this leads to them not being able to adapt and produces hormones as well. Ultimately, we end up feeling the effects in our daily lives.
Can Adrenal Fatigue Be Reversed?
Thankfully, our adrenal glands are very forgiving, and with proper support and TLC, you can help nourish them back to health. Beyond removing the stressors and triggers in our lives, there are herbs, known as adaptogens, that can help your body adapt to stress and give your adrenal glands the love and support they need. They work to help regulate the effects of stress and bring the body back into balance.
Adaptogens to Support Adrenal Glands
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)
Ashwagandha helps to naturally modulate cortisol levels within the body. Normally, our highest levels of cortisol are released in the morning. In turn, Ashwaganda can help you feel more refreshed upon waking and restful at night. Balancing your natural sleep cycles can help restore your mood, energy levels, and help you thrive in your busy life. In addition, balanced cortisol levels can help decrease stress, anxiety, and even abdominal belly fat.
Holy Basil (Ocimum sanctum)
Holy Basil is wonderful for soothing the nervous system, normalizing the adrenal glands, and balancing cortisol levels in the body. If you are experiencing chronic stress, this is great for pulling your mental, physical, and emotional self back into balance. In addition, its strong anti-inflammatory properties help combat the inflammatory effects of stress. By doing so, this helps calm ailments such as anxiety, evaluated blood sugar, cholesterol, and blood pressure.
Siberian Rhodiola (Rhodiola rosea)
Rhodiola grows in cold, mountainous regions and has been used throughout time to help with the stress related to high altitudes and cold temperatures. It helps to increase the oxygen carrying capacity of our red blood cells. In doing so, energy, mental clarity, and physical performance improves. The rosavins in it are particularly helpful for reducing stress. In conjunction, it is very beneficial to our serotonin and dopamine neurotransmitters which are responsible for making us joyful and happy.
Wild Oat Milky Seed (Avena sativa)
For those who continue to burn the candle at both ends, Milky Oat helps strengthen the nervous systems. It contains calcium and magnesium which are wonderful nutrients for the nervous tissue. It is particularly good for those who are feeling burnout due to anxiety, fatigue, and depression. Without it, continued nervous exhaustion can lead to impaired sleep, anxiety, and even a weakened libido.
Schisandra Berry (Schisandra chinensis)
Schisandra, also known as the Five Flavor Fruit, is wonderful at strengthening the adrenals without having a stimulating effect. It acts as a harmonizing tonic to enhance the bodies natural resistance, promote overall metabolic efficiency, adapt to stressful influences, and enhance mental clarity. It has also been found to have a positive effect on libido.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://drdanielle.com/blogs/dr-danielles-health-tips-and-tricks/adrenal-fatigue-what-it-is-and-how-to-avoid-it?_pos=3&_sid=a22f9d027&_ss=r
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HUD's Real Estate Assessment Center conducts physical property inspections of properties that are owned, insured or subsidized by HUD, including public housing and multifamily assisted housing. About 20,000 such inspections are conducted each year to ensure that assisted families have housing that is decent, safe, sanitary and in good repair. This page provides a full historical view of the results of those inspections, providing point-in-time property scores. Results are available for download as a comma-delimited dataset. Separate datasets are available for public housing and for multifamily assisted properties. The results represent the inspections conducted from 2001 through January 2015. The dataset includes property identifiers and location information.
Making these inspection details available will enable researchers, advocacy groups and the general public to
1) better understand the physical condition of the HUD-assisted housing stock, as well as changes in the stock over time;
2) hold providers accountable for housing quality; and
3) plan for future affordable housing needs.
Download Public Housing Physical Inspection Scores 2011 (*.xls, 16 MB)
Download Multifamily Physical Inspection Scores 2011 (*.xls, 3.76 MB)
Download Public Housing Property Physical Inspection Dataset (*.txt, 18.3 MB)
Download Multifamily Assisted Property Physical Inspection Dataset (*.txt, 21.1 MB)
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https://www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/pis.html
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en
| 0.903912
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Nigeria’s fight to check global warming and grow a green economy received a boost as Asteven international group, an indigenous renewable energy company, launched the first private sector financed comprehensive renewable energy and energy efficiency academy in Africa on February 24, in Ogun state.
Bukola Saraki, senate president lead dignitaries at the ceremony to unveil the complex along with the Ogun state governor, minister of Works, Power and Housing and various stakeholders in the power industry.
“I really want to appreciate that this is a private sector initiative and we must support it. For someone to decide that we must put up an academy that will turn out young Nigerians to achieve renewable energy and be able to put the made in Nigeria drive, is the way forward for the country,” Bukola Saraki, Senate President said.
The academy, a 100 per cent solar powered institute is conceptualised to build on technical know-how and capacity, creating solar entrepreneurs, competent solar/ renewable energy technical, installers and engineers in its state of the art facility equipped with the latest high-tech equipment.
“The green economy is spending all over the world and the first thing we should do is to build capacity. To build capacity, you need a center of excellence and the academy is where you can have a proper training of those young engineers and is a quick way of creating jobs in the green economy. What drove us is to build capacity and creating jobs,” Sunny Akpoyibo, president, Asteven Group said.
On November 2017, the national assembly passed the climate change bill to tackle the climate challenges in the country and renewable was seen as a way to achieve reduction in climate effects.
“Climate change is the global issue that cuts across the world and that is what informed the move of the United Nation’s convention on climate change. It will facilitate the domestication of the agreement and enable Nigeria to effectively implement its commitment particularly the emission reduction targets,” Samuel Onuigbo, Chairman, House Committee on Climate Change said in an interview with BusinessDay.
Akpoyibo further said, “It is unacceptable that about 60% of Nigerians still do not have access to modern forms of energy despite government efforts. It is also worrisome that about 94% of the population with access depends hugely on fossil fuel generators, kerosene, wood and fuel. Renewables holds the key to changing this dependency on oil.”
Nigeria has signed various PPA agreements for developers to generate renewable power but it still bogged by teething challenges.
“Unfortunately not up to 3 or 4 of the PPAs have been signed. We have trained over 145 young men and women since we stared in October and over 80% of them are from Ogun state. This launch is just the grand opening,” Magmus Onuoha, ED, Asteven Renewable Energy Academy said.
The training of the renewable course attracts no charge. The shortest duration of the course is 14 days and the longest duration is 8 weeks.
“After the graduation and completion of the course, financial and technical rewards will be given to graduates to create their own renewable energy businesses. Ten scholarships will be given to indigenes of Ogun state and half of them will be women.
“We are building the first of its kind, a solar tunnel in Kwara state to power 2,000 streetlights in the major roads. This is the first of its kind in sub-Sahara Africa. We have also our off grid system for every person from 20 watts to 1000 watts”, Akpoyibo said.
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<urn:uuid:486fe976-b12d-4028-8e85-8f9026ace9d9>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://businessday.ng/renewables/article/green-economy-receives-boost-asteven-unveils-renewable-energy-academy/
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en
| 0.951776
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In combination with the early childhood education MA, this program prepares students to work in early intervention and preschool special education settings with infants and young children who have developmental disabilities. Graduates learn that working with families, caregivers, and communities is integral to the education and care of young children with special needs.
Graduates are prepared to apply for a credential in early childhood special education, which certifies them to work with children ages zero to five with special needs. This credential may be combined with an MA in child life in hospitals or with an MA in infant mental health.
- Mills College Children's School: Students have the opportunity to connect theory and practice by working in the Mills College Children's School, where they are closely mentored by experienced and knowledgeable early childhood professionals.
- Social justice and equity: Graduates leave our program inspired to use teaching and leadership to improve the lives of young children and families, deepen student learning, increase their own knowledge, transform schools, and increase educational equity.
- Strength-based approach: The program teaches students to approach early childhood with an appreciation of the diverse resources that children and families bring to the education and care of infants and young children with developmental disabilities.
Course work integrates theory and practice to prepare students to teach in urban settings and is guided by an overarching concern for social justice.
The curriculum meets the state of California's credential requirements for a preliminary education specialist credential with the specialty area of early childhood special education and added authorizations in autism spectrum disorder and emotional disturbance disorder. See the Requirements page for a list of courses required for this program; see the Course Descriptions page for paragraph-length descriptions of individual courses.
GENERAL PROGRAM INFORequirements
Course List & Descriptions
During the two years of study, students have four field placements. The first two placements are at the Mills College Children's School during a student's two initial semesters, with at least one semester in the Infant-Toddler Program. During the second year, students have one early childhood special education preschool placement and one early intervention placement.
Student teaching in early childhood special education is an essential feature of the program. In their field placements, students have an opportunity to demonstrate their understanding of effective early intervention and preschool special education. The field placements challenge students to evaluate their teaching, to reflect on their teaching practice, and to enhance their skills as professional and special-needs educators. The program faculty work with the teaching placement staff to form a team that facilitates students' entrance into the special education profession.
Upon completion of the program, students may apply to the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing for a preliminary education specialist credential with the specialty area of early childhood special education, and they may be eligible to add authorizations in autism spectrum disorder and emotional disturbance disorder. The credential allows graduates to work with children with special needs in early intervention programs and preschool education classrooms. Graduates work in schools and early intervention settings with children with special needs from ages zero to five.
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<urn:uuid:a6ad28b8-16dd-4eba-8e5c-b655c8a4692c>
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CC-MAIN-2016-44
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https://www.mills.edu/academics/graduate/educ/programs/ma-and-special-education-credential.php
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Molybdenum (Mo) deficient poinsettias exhibit halo-like marginal leaf chlorosis (yellowing) on recently matured leaves, leaf distortion or rolling and leaf edge burn. Poinsettias exhibiting interveinal chlorosis (yellowing) in older leaves, however, is an indicator of magnesium (Mg) deficiency.
These are the findings of MSU researching plant needs of poinsettia. Advising growers on how to grow strong plants, deficiency of these two elements is quite common.
Left: in poinsettia, molybdenum (Mo) deficiency symptoms develop as a thin, marginal chlorotic band or chlorotic halo that occurs on recently matured leaves from the leaf tip to base. Right: magnesium (Mg) deficiency symptoms develop in the lower or older leaves as interveinal chlorosis can work up the plant over time. Photos by W. Garrett Owen, MSU Extension.
To prevent Mo deficiency, consider providing supplemental applications of Mo. On a continuous basis, apply 0.1 ppm Mo provided by ammonium or sodium molybdate. These two sources can be applied as a corrective procedure at a rate of 2 ounces per 100 gallons of water. Once mixed, the solution can be applied as a substrate drench or foliar spray. If applied as a foliar spray, be cautious of phytotoxicity (Photo 3), especially if chelated Mo is used. Molybdenum is more readily available at higher pH levels, so avoid letting the substrate pH fall below 5.5 to help maximize uptake by the plant.
To prevent Mg deficiency, provide a calcium (Ca)-to-Mg ratio of 3:1 to 5:1. When this ratio is unbalanced, an antagonist effect can occur, i.e., excessive Ca supplied can cause Mg deficiency. In general, consider providing 30 to 40 ppm Mg either from a constant liquid feed program or via the irrigation water if Mg levels are sufficient.
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<urn:uuid:0e59ed3c-cdda-442e-8dd4-65c469e94bbd>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.floraldaily.com/article/9020357/molybdenum-and-magnesium-deficiency-in-poinsettia/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00477.warc.gz
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en
| 0.895532
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- Plesk for Linux
/pleskswap file for?
/pleskswap is created during the installation process in case the server has less than 1Gb of RAM. It is used as swap for the server.
Note: the following instructions apply only during the initial server deployment.
It can be managed in the
/etc/pleskswaprc file which overrides default swap settings:
Connect to the server via SSH.
/etc/pleskswaprcif it does not exist:
# touch /etc/pleskswaprc
/etc/pleskswaprcwith the possible options below:
CONFIG_TEXT: # disable plesk swap. the same as creating /etc/pleskswapdisable
#path to swapfile (e.g. if needed to place swap to another partition)
#change default swap size
#required amount of memory. If actual memory+swap size if less than this value then plesk swap will be enabled before installation.
Note: after Plesk installation
/pleskswap can be removed manually.
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<urn:uuid:c9569932-e9be-4888-8f30-f10a4cc592ec>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://support.plesk.com/hc/en-us/articles/360006291594-What-is-pleskswap-file-used-for-on-a-Plesk-server-
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00669.warc.gz
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en
| 0.764671
| 310
| 1.78125
| 2
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Double Eclipse, the second Geodesium album, was produced in 1981. NASA used some of the selections during it's TV coverage of the Voyager Encounters at Saturn and Uranus. It consists of nine electronically-realized musical compositions. Of the five original works, one is a clever bouncy tune featuring two electronic 'dancers' and a synthesizer rock drummer. Two space-music-style pieces musically explore the inter-galactic reaches. Another work is a driving and intense rocker, and one is the world's first electronic-disco-bluegrass combination -- a real toe-tapper! There are four transcriptions: J. S. Bach and Johannes Pachelbel for the classical music enthusiast, and two contemporary works by Wilke Renwick and W. Francis McBeth. Until 1999, the album was available only as a vinyl LP. But we've remastered it, and for those Geodesium fans desiring a complete collection, we've created this custom CD-R. Plus, we've added a bonus track not on the original album, a 6-minute piece called Lightspell. First recorded as entrance music for the 1980 version of the planetarium show 'Light Years From Andromeda,' only a couple dozen copies were distributed, so it's a rarity!
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<urn:uuid:f587e679-3bee-4860-846e-d90008c7fe89>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.wowhd.co.uk/geodesium-double-eclipse/765508000722
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en
| 0.919279
| 263
| 1.765625
| 2
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Through a mentorship program with counterparts in Silicon Valley, TechWomen is designed to build an understanding between tech professionals in the U.S. and other parts of the world, and expand girls’ interest in technology careers by exposing them to women role models in the field.
Facebook and the Anita Borg Institute hosted a TechWomen event on June 9, which included Chief Operating Officer Sheryl Sandberg and Director of Engineering Jocelyn Goldfein. The event kicked-off the four-week professional mentorship program.
The TechWomen initiative is part of the U.S. State Department’s international exchange program that uses technology as a means to empower women and girls worldwide and create sustainable relationships between U.S. and foreign participants.
What do you think about Facebook’s support for women working in technology?
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<urn:uuid:7b4f1400-e9e3-4204-ba23-d2f6b1f8005d>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.adweek.com/socialtimes/techwomen-join-facebook-at-state-department-today/352871?red=af
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00053-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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en
| 0.946291
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| 1.6875
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By Jon Rappoport
Votes are being counted as fractions instead of as whole numbers.
As we know, there are a number of ways to rig an election. Bev Harris, at blackboxvoting.org, is exploring a specific “cheat sheet” that has vast implications for the Trump vs. Hillary contest.
It’s a vote-counting system called GEMS.
I urge you to dive into her multi-part series, Fraction Magic (Part-1 here). Here are key Harris quotes. They’re all shockers:
“Our testing [of GEMS] shows that one vote can be counted 25 times, another only one one-thousandth of a time, effectively converting some votes to zero.”
“This report summarizes the results of our review of the GEMS election management system, which counts approximately 25 percent of all votes in the United States. The results of this study demonstrate that a fractional vote feature is embedded in each GEMS application which can be used to invisibly, yet radically, alter election outcomes by pre-setting desired vote percentages to redistribute votes. This tampering is not visible to election observers, even if they are standing in the room and watching the computer. Use of the decimalized vote feature is unlikely to be detected by auditing or canvass procedures, and can be applied across large jurisdictions in less than 60 seconds.”
Posted on August 2, 2016 by Boulderdash
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<urn:uuid:c80be4f4-79b1-4ebf-8705-c4b6a7da3a80>
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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https://salonesoterica.wordpress.com/2016/08/02/us-election-shocker-is-this-how-the-vote-will-be-rigged/
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00154-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
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| 0.947554
| 305
| 2.21875
| 2
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- Virgin Mary icon “Faneromeni”
- Item ID : 145
- Collection Name : Holy Metropolis of Leukadas
- Type : Icon
- Place : Leukada
- Description : Next to the Sanctuary and placed in a separate prayer room, the icon of Virgin Mary is represented. The initial figure of the icon according to the tradition miraculously appeared on the wood after the hagiographer was fastened and prayed for three days. Then he just added the colors. The initial icon was totally destroyed during the fire of 1886. Almost immediately a new icon was prepared and it is exhibited in the special dispositum inside the catholicon of the monastery.
Ichnographically the representation of Virgin Mary belongs to the Mount Athos type prevailed in the 19nth century.
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<urn:uuid:b9e938c3-56cf-4770-81a0-079b4bf7f0fc>
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://justinian.apostoliki-diakonia.gr/ItemDetails.php?ItemID=145&lang=EN
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573623.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819035957-20220819065957-00674.warc.gz
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en
| 0.937085
| 165
| 2.515625
| 3
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Author: LAW, JOHN. Title: Portrait engraving of John Law.
Description: ca. 1870. Engraving, 22 x 14 cm in passe-partout. - Meyers Konversations-Lexikon, No.444. John Law (baptised 21 April 1671 - 21 March 1729) was a Scottish economist who believed that money was only a means of exchange that did not constitute wealth in itself and that national wealth depended on trade. He was appointed Controller General of Finances of France under King Louis XV. - In 1716 Law established the Banque Générale in France, a private bank, but three-quarters of the capital consisted of government bills and government-accepted notes, effectively making it the first central bank of the nation. He was responsible for the Mississippi Bubble and a chaotic economic collapse in France. - Law was a gambler and a brilliant mental calculator. He was known to win card games by mentally calculating the odds. He originated economic ideas such as "The Scarcity Theory of Value" and the "Real bills doctrine". Law’s views held that money creation will stimulate the economy, that paper money is preferable to metallic money which should be banned, and that shares are a superior form of money since they pay dividends. - Law was born into a family of bankers and goldsmiths from Fife; his father had purchased a landed estate at Cramond on the Firth of Forth and was known as Law of Lauriston. Law joined the family business at age fourteen and studied the banking business until his father died in 1688. Law subsequently neglected the firm in favour of more extravagant pursuits and travelled to London, where he lost large sums of money in gambling. - On 9 April 1694, John Law fought a duel with Edward Wilson in Bloomsbury Square in London. Wilson had challenged Law over the affections of Elizabeth Villiers. Law killed Wilson with a single pass and thrust of his sword. He was arrested, charged with murder and stood trial at the Old Bailey. He appeared before the infamously sadistic 'hanging-judge', Salathiel Lovell and was found guilty of murder, and sentenced to death. He was initially incarcerated in Newgate Prison to await execution. His sentence was later commuted to a fine, upon the ground that the offence only amounted to manslaughter. Wilson's brother appealed and had Law imprisoned, but he managed to escape to Amsterdam. - Law urged the establishment of a national bank to create and increase instruments of credit and the issue of banknotes backed by land, gold, or silver. The first manifestation of Law's system came when he had returned to Scotland and contributed to the debates leading to the Treaty of Union 1707. He published a text entitled Money and Trade Consider'd with a Proposal for Supplying the Nation with Money (1705). Law's propositions of creating a national bank in Scotland were ultimately rejected, and he left to pursue his ambitions abroad. - He spent ten years moving between France and the Netherlands, dealing in financial speculations. Problems with the French economy presented the opportunity to put his system into practice. - He had the idea of abolishing minor monopolies and private farming of taxes. He would create a bank for national finance and a state company for commerce, ultimately to exclude all private revenue. This would create a huge monopoly of finance and trade run by the state, and its profits would pay off the national debt. The council called to consider Law's proposal, including financiars such as Samuel Bernard, rejected the proposition on 24 October 1715. - The wars waged by Louis XIV left the country completely wasted, both economically and financially. The resultant shortage of precious metals led to a shortage of coins in circulation, which in turn limited the production of new coins. It was in this context that the regent, Philippe d'Orléans, appointed John Law as Controller General of Finances. - As Controller General, Law instituted many beneficial reforms (some of which had lasting effect, others of which were soon abolished). He tried to break up large land-holdings to benefit the peasants; he abolished internal road and canal tolls; he encouraged the building of new roads, the starting of new industries (even importing artisans but mostly by offering low-interest loans), and the revival of overseas commerce-and indeed industry increased 60% in two years, and the number of French ships engaged in export went from sixteen to three hundred. - Since, following the devastating War of the Spanish Succession, France's economy was stagnant and her national debt was crippling, Law proposed to stimulate industry by replacing gold with paper credit and then increasing the supply of credit, and to reduce the national debt by replacing it with shares in economic ventures. Though they failed, his theories ironically live on 300 years later and "captured many key conceptual points which are very much a part of modern monetary theorizing". - (Wikipedia).
Keywords: scotland maps united kingdom
Price: EUR 36.00 = appr. US$ 39.13 Seller: KRUL Antiquarian Books
- Book number: 54983
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In putting together this guidance, we have considered information that participants might want or need to know about when they stop taking part in a study early, as well as information that researchers might want or need to tell participants about. There is therefore a wide range of possible things to communicate to participants.
In this guidance, we have suggested that information can be grouped into the following areas (covered in more detail in the sections that follow this one, with examples where helpful).
We acknowledge there may well be some overlap between some of the topics covered in these areas. However, we might assume many participants may not read all of the information front-to-back, but instead use it to understand the key points and find information they are particularly interested in. On this basis, a small amount of duplication means participants are more likely to find answers to their questions (because there is more than one ‘route’ to the answers).
Organising the information
The best ways to organise the information will depend on the study, and involved patients can advise about what works for the study and its participants.
Who should the information come from?
It may be appropriate and practical for important new information and signposting to come from the participant’s primary contact for the study, for example the doctor or nurse they usually see, rather than from a research sponsor who may not usually be in contact with them.
Reminding participants of the pre-study information
A lot of relevant information about stopping participation will have been contained in the information each participant was given before they agreed to take part in the study. It might be appropriate to give participants another copy of this (or the last version that they gave consent to, if they updated their written consent during the study) when they stop taking part. However, this might not be necessary if it has not been long since they gave their original consent.
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by Staff Writers
Istanbul (AFP) April 21, 2013
German Foreign Minister Guido Westerwelle on Sunday said Berlin will have no choice but to accept the lifting of an EU arms embargo on Syria if other European countries push for it.
Germany up to now has opposed providing military support to Syria's rebels, but Britain and France are pushing for the embargo to be allowed to expire at the end of May.
Speaking to journalists in Istanbul after a "Friends of Syria" meeting on Saturday, Westerwelle said the embargo would be discussed when EU foreign ministers meet in Luxembourg on Monday.
"If there are one or two countries in the European Union who think that there is no risk that arms will fall into the wrong hands," then Germany "will have to respect that," Westerwelle said.
The decision on whether to continue the embargo and sanctions on President Bashar al-Assad's regime must be made unanimously by EU members. Monday's talks will also see EU ministers considering a case-by-case easing of an oil embargo against Syria to help the opposition.
Critics of supplying weapons to the rebels fear they will be acquired by radical Islamists. But supporters say arms supplies are needed to boost the standing of moderate groups and the opposition's chances against Assad's better-armed regime.
US Secretary of State John Kerry announced after Saturday's talks that Washington was doubling its financial assistance to Syria's opposition and would expand non-offensive military supplies to the rebels, but ignored calls for arms deliveries.
Westerwelle said the supply of body armour could be considered and welcomed a commitment from the opposition to protect minorities and distance itself from extremism.
"Therefore we are convinced that it makes sense to do more, to step up support for the opposition and that's what we will do," he said.
He also said Germany would boost its aid for Syria's humanitarian crisis by 15 million euros ($19.6 million) to reach a total of 145 million euros.
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Tuesday, July 15, 2014
July 14, 2014
(Washington, D.C.) Today, the U.S. Office of Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) issued its first comprehensive Enforcement Guidance on Pregnancy Discrimination and Related Issues since 1983. The guidance outlines the fundamental requirements of the Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA) that an employer may not discriminate against an employee on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions; and that women affected by pregnancy, childbirth or related medical conditions must be treated the same as other persons in their ability or inability to work. The guidance also includes the application of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) as amended in 2008.
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‘THE TROJAN WOMEN’ 370.
(photo credit:Aviram Shahinu)
Sound designer Masahiro Inoue and composer Umitaro Abe take the honors in this
daring, ambitious Israeli/Japanese co-production of The Trojan Women. A choir
wails, entreats, mourns and whispers. Bells, gongs and crashing percussion
intensify the drama as they signal its unfolding, and behind it all the endless
crash of waves upon the shore.
For we are on the Trojan shore from whence
the victorious Greek fleet will soon set sail for home, laden with rich plunder
from the conquered city. The Trojan women of the title, and the play’s Chorus,
are their noble captives destined for humiliation and slavery, apportioned like
cookies among the victors.
The Chorus of Greek tragedy is there to
narrate the big picture, to offer comment and generally move the action along.
Director Ninagawa has used Euripides’ classical 15, five each Japanese, Israeli
and Israeli Arab, each speaking their own language in order to highlight their
The leads, too, are divided so that one character may
be speaking Japanese while another speaks Hebrew or Arabic.
these is distinguished Japanese actress Kayoko Shiraishi, who plays Hecuba,
Queen of Troy and widow of the slaughtered Priam. Her daughter Cassandra,
Apollo’s virgin priestess and cursed prophet is Israel’s Ola Shur Selektar),
Israeli-Arab Rawda plays great Hector’s widow, Andromache and so
Written during the Peloponnesian Wars (431-404 BCE), Trojan
demonstrates how war debases, how victor and vanquished both lose, how
women in particular bear its brunt. This Trojan Women calls up echoes from the
First and Second World Wars, and, most shockingly, 9/11 – how not? Classical
Greek drama lends itself to the equally classical forms and conventions of
Japan’s Noh and Kabuki traditions that Ninagawa employs to underpin this Trojan
But above all Greek drama is text, and if the actors cannot plumb
that text, the production plummets. Unhappily that is mostly the case
The cast is not entirely to blame. Since the English and Hebrew
translations are pedestrian, to put it politely, one can only surmise that the
Japanese and Arabic translations are similar.
Nonetheless, despite a
clunky text, its repetitions by each chorus quintet does not work, not only
because they impede the action, but because most of the Chorus don’t seem to
have a clue what they are saying or how to say it, either physically or vocally.
Clad disastrously in a kind of white diaper, Poseidon (Ashraf Barhom) suffers
this same impediment, as do Athena (Shiri Gadni) and
Happily there are exceptions. Moti Katz as an overdressed, over-jeweled, blue-clad Menelaus brings him to precise and comic life as a
The lovely Yoka Wao delivers a sultry and mysterious
Helen. Mahmud Abu-Jazi is sturdy and decent as reluctant Greek herald Talthybius
and Rawda makes Andromache very real.
“Pity and terror” truly describe
the moving scenes between her and Hecuba, but it has to be said that Shiraishi’s
bereft queen too often slips over into garrulous harridan.
impressive, the actual drama of this Trojan Women
has buckled under its own
Relevant to your professional network? Please share on Linkedin
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Dolly Ingalls didn’t subscribe to the notion that you should never ask a woman her age.
Living to 102 years old was a source of pride for the most recent holder of Windham’s Boston Post cane.
But after she died in March, the town had a hard time getting people to admit that they might be Windham’s oldest resident.
Town Clerk Linda Morrell said residents have sought out the cane in the past, but not this time.
“I put ads in the local papers and nothing — not one phone call,” she said.
Windham was one of 700 New England towns to receive a cane in 1909, according to the Maynard (Mass.) Historical Society’s website about the tradition.
The canes were given out by the publisher of the now-defunct Boston Post newspaper to be passed on to each town’s oldest resident.
Windham has a list of 20 recipients of the cane, although Morrell believes the early records are incomplete.
A plaque with their names is mounted on the wall of the town office with the original cane.
When stories came out about towns losing track of “their” cane from the Boston Post, Windham officials decided to make a replica of the ebony cane with a gold head, which has gone home with the recipients since 2000.
Different towns have different ways of deciding who gets the cane. Morrell said she consulted with clerks in Raymond, where the selectmen choose a recipient from a list of candidates, and Standish, where the job belongs to the historical society.
In Windham, the duty has fallen on the clerk. So when no one responded to Morrell’s ads, she went out looking for the oldest resident. Between answering phone calls, she scoured 700 pages of registered voters for their birth years.
“I had to stop sometimes so my eyes wouldn’t cross,” she said.
Morrell found six people over 100 years old, including two who are 104. She’s been reaching out to their family members to find the most worthy candidate.
Morrell said it’s not just about age.
“There are a couple that are the oldest, but they haven’t been in town for a long, long period of time,” she said.
Also, she said, “some people don’t want it, so I’ve got to take that into consideration.”
That wasn’t the case for Ingalls.
“She talked about it for a few years before she actually got the cane,” said her granddaughter, Stacey Webster.
It finally happened in 2008. About a year later, Ingalls broke both of her hips and had to move into a nursing home, where she lived until her death.
“That was the one thing she wanted to take with her,” Webster said. “Anytime anybody came into the room, she always pointed it out.”
Morrell said she expects to choose the new recipient this week and hopes the cane is in new hands by the end of August.
But, no matter who it is, “they’re not going to have it all that long,” she said. “And then I’ll have to do it again.”
Staff Writer Leslie Bridgers can be contacted at: 791-6364 or at:
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‘It’s not just about the submarines and the furore with the French: AUKUS, AUSMIN, and lessons from history’, Honest History, 1 October 2021 updated
Sometimes slang cuts through and helps us understand. Earlier this week, we had a piece about brown-nosing in the context of Australia-US relations. (We discovered that even the word ‘brown-nosing’ originated in the US. Probably.)
And Hugh White in The Monthly on the US Alliance and Afghanistan. The seven paras towards the end, commencing ‘This brings us back to Australia’, are a damning assessment of Australian ‘strategy’ over the last 20 years.
1 December: Douglas Newton in Pearls & Irritations compares Minister Dutton’s fulminations about China and preparedness to go with the US, to statements by Australian Ministers pre-World War I. Following AFR editorial and James Curran (AFR), also critical of Dutton.
Dutton Press Club speech. Earlier Dutton on how it would be ‘inconceivable’ that Australia would not help the US defend Taiwan. Newton finds the same word used by Australians before the Great War about our participation in Empire defence. Newton has said similar things a number of times; use our Search engine.
14 December: Paul Daley in Guardian Australia:
But here is an idea: if Dutton and his like want to play war games to enhance their pre-election prospects, perhaps go get down and dirty with a few rounds of paintball. Too strenuous? Well, it is usually the armchair generals like Dutton and his supporters who carry on the most obstreperously but who won’t actually be required to charge over the parapet when the whistle sounds.
28 December 2021: Allan Patience in Pearls & Irritations in similar vein to Newton, comparing Hughes on Japan to Morrison on China.
14 February 2022: Former diplomat Richard Broinowski in Pearls & Irritations. ‘With an estimated production time of 30 years before the boats are commissioned and operational, the regional political and strategic landscape may have changed beyond recognition.’
Today, we suggest that commentators – and the people to whom they address their comments – are dills (‘fools’, ‘idiots’ – see various dictionaries; this bit of slang seems to be Australian in origin) if they think the big story recently has been all about whether we stick with the French submarines or go with the US and the UK, and whether or not we do it with nuclear power in submarines which will be available and serviceable at some date in the future (assuming other developments, particularly in drone technology, do not make them redundant first).
Jules Verne’s Nautilus electric submarine (ancient pages)
Some recent pieces of evidence, if we absorb then properly, might make that epithet, ‘dills’, less appropriate. It is right there in the public domain that it ain’t just the subs, what they run on, and who they are going to offend, that matters. It’s much more than that.
The first piece of evidence is commentary in Pearls & Irritations from long-retired Australian Ambassador to the Republic of Korea, Mack Williams. Williams says,
AUKUS will substantially reinforce the Holy Grail of the Australian Defence Force’s interoperability with the US defence machine but, contrary to what Defence Minister Peter Dutton asserts, equally it will severely reduce our independence which, in itself must change our strategic thinking for the future …
In his comments to the media in Washington, Dutton expanded on the AUKUS list of possible items for cooperation by reference to basing and storage of weapons and materiel … The US has also long pushed for the homeporting of a nuclear powered aircraft carrier at Stirling in Western Australia – which might well be back on the books again with our nuclear powered submarines to be based there. There have also been suggestions of a possible Australian base for UK nuclear submarines operating in the Indo Pacific.
Then there is another piece in Pearls & Irritations from historian, Douglas Newton, an expert on the circumstances leading to, and the fighting of, the Great War. Newton draws nine AUKUS-relevant lessons from the Anglo-German naval arms race leading up to 1914.
Paraphrased, Newton’s lessons are: be sceptical of advice from senior military officers seeking career opportunities; keep the relative strengths of allies and adversaries in perspective; look for evidence of defence industry ‘philanthropy’ influencing policy advice; be wary of urgers calling for more defence spending; don’t believe politicians who claim there is independence of action within alliances; don’t expect rich folks to pay for increased defence spending; beware claims about peace through strength; don’t expect rational threat assessments; don’t expect rational choices.
Is it a case of ‘here we go again’, then? The Last man and the Last shilling, via All the Way with LBJ, to Over the Top with AUKUS?
Thirdly, and most importantly, there is the official statement from the AUSMIN talks between Australian and US representatives earlier this month in Washington. We sent Ministers Dutton and Payne, the Americans, Secretaries Austin and Blinken. The AUSMIN statement is on the Australian DFAT site and in identical terms on the US State Department site.
The statement is 23 pages long and covers everything from Timor-Leste to Women in Leadership and from climate change to supply chains. (Afghanistan sneaks in at the end under ‘Other Security Issues’.) The knobbly bit though is at pages 16-17 under the headings ‘Enhanced Force Posture Cooperation and Alliance Integration’ and ‘Strategic Capabilities Cooperation’:
Enhanced Force Posture Cooperation and Alliance Integration
Acknowledging it had been 10 years since the establishment of the United States Force Posture Initiatives (USFPI) in Australia and that the strategic challenges of our time center in the Indo-Pacific region, the Secretaries and Ministers committed to significantly advance Australia-United States force posture cooperation.
Reestablished at AUSMIN 2020, the bilateral Force Posture Working Group convened in May 2021 to develop recommendations to promote a secure and stable Indo-Pacific region and deter our adversaries.The Secretaries and Ministers endorsed the following areas of force posture cooperation:
- Enhanced air cooperation through the rotational deployment of U.S. aircraft of all types in Australia and appropriate aircraft training and exercises.
- Enhanced maritime cooperation by increasing logistics and sustainment capabilities of U.S. surface and subsurface vessels in Australia.
- Enhanced land cooperation by conducting more complex and more integrated exercises and greater combined engagement with Allies and Partners in the region.
- Establish a combined logistics, sustainment, and maintenance enterprise to support highend warfighting and combined military operations in the region.
Strategic Capabilities Cooperation
The Secretaries and Ministers recognized that the operational effectiveness of the Alliance is underpinned by the strength of our cooperation on science, technology, strategic capabilities, and defense industrial base integration.
The Secretaries and Ministers signed a classified Statement of Intent on Strategic Capabilities Cooperation and Implementation, which will further strengthen capability outcomes, deepen our Alliance, and strengthen our cooperation to meet emerging challenges, and support regional stability.
The Secretaries and Ministers discussed Australia’s intent to establish a Guided Weapons and Explosive Ordnance Enterprise.They committed to cooperate on delivering this complex, long-term endeavor, which will complement the United States industrial base and assure defense supply chains in the Indo-Pacific.
The principals also discussed the importance of strong and resilient supply chains and will pursue long term, sustainable Maintenance Repair and Overhaul capabilities in Australia.
The United States and Australian Departments of Defense contribute significant resources and technical effort in research, development, test, and evaluation (RTD&E), production, and support across a range of defense capabilities.These bilateral cooperative programs allow Australia to contribute to Alliance capabilities development, they also provide Australia access to cutting-edge technology and assurances.
The Secretaries and Ministers highlighted the positive progress made in hypersonic weapons and electromagnetic warfare cooperation, including recently finalized bilateral strategies on industrial base collaboration and co-development.
The principals discussed opportunities to further expand practical engagement and integration under the National Technology and Industrial Base (NTIB) to enhance industrial collaboration and build supply chain resiliency.They also committed to strengthen efforts to streamline export controls, and to facilitate technology transfer and protection.
Add in those submarines – on the never-never but locking us in to the US war-waging machine – and Australia looks even less like an independent country and more like the Little Boy from Manly, looking up to other white folks across the seas, and beloved of cartoonists more than a century ago.
A Story for the Marines or The Little Boy from Manly (Bulletin 26 September 1885/Livingston Hopkins/Lindsay Foyle)
Pearls & Irritations mentioned above is an excellent source for non-mainstream media commentary, with recent articles by Bruce Haigh, Paul Keating, John Menadue, Mike Scrafton, and Alan Patience. There’s also Crikey (Bernard Keane and Guy Rundle; Bernard again; might be a paywall but, hell, a subscription to Crikey is a great investment) and Eureka Street (Vincent Long Van Nguyen). Plus Alison Broinowski of Australians for War Powers Reform. Also Michael Pascoe in the New Daily on the type of US we are locking ourselves into: this is not FDR, JFK, LBJ or even either Bush; it is potentially something much more scary, as Trump recycles.
There is, of course, the matter of what the people think about all this. An Essential Research poll this week shows responses leaning heavily in favour of the AUKUS deal, with 81 per cent of 1094 respondents saying AUKUS will make us more secure (45 per cent) or will not affect our security (36 per cent). Are the 81 per cent (or perhaps just the 45 per cent) ‘dills’, or have they just been taken in by the commentators and the ministers? Whether those figures hold up in the long term depends partly, of course, on whether Australians are sent ‘into harm’s way’, that is, sent on dangerous overseas deployments from which some of them do not return.
What indeed happens afterwards to the men and women we send to fight overseas? Figures this week from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare show higher numbers of ex-ADF suicides than we have been used to hearing. A useful SBS story. The Minister for Veterans’ Affairs offered more support and faster claims processing.
Which should remind us that everything connects to everything else in this field. The extensions to the Australian War Memorial have been promoted on the assumptions not only that recently deployed and mostly returned service men and women should be recognised more fully (by providing acres of additional space) at the Memorial, but also that this space will be needed to recognise and/or commemorate members of future expeditionary forces.
Some of that space and some of the displays will carry the logoes of, sponsorship by, and equipment manufactured by the world’s richest arms manufacturers. Given the revolving door benefiting senior personnel moving from government and the ADF to the defence industry (where they sell expensive military kit to the people they used to work with, and to overseas buyers who use it to flatten poor countries and kill their children), and given how the defence industry gets kudos from donating its small change to war memorials, we are justified in talking about the ‘military-industrial-commemorative complex’.
Given, too, that these tripartite links are often ignored by the mainstream media, while it focusses on the easy stories (Macron being upset, Macron not calling Morrison, Turnbull dissing Morrison) we could with justification say the ‘military-industrial-commemorative-media complex’. Soft choices by media outlets do matter. Everything connects.
* David Stephens is editor of the Honest History website. For more on the military-industrial complex and its variants, on defence spending, on arms donors, on arms sales, on Yemen, use the Search engine on this website. See particularly this recent piece on the real winners in Afghanistan.
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Create a cost benefit analysis that supports a risk financing recommendation for a selected organization.
In your current and future role as a health care leader, you can expect to conduct a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) to determine whether the positive benefits of a proposed recommendation outweigh the negative costs.
Plowman relates that “a cost benefit analysis is used to evaluate the total anticipated cost of a project compared to the total expected benefits in order to determine whether the proposed implementation is worthwhile for a company or project team.” Plowman also identified the three parts of a CBA to be the following:
Identification of potential costs.
Recording of all anticipated benefits.
Examination of the differences to determine if positive benefits outweigh negative costs.
A pre-formatted Excel spreadsheet that can be used as a template for CBAs is a good tool to have in your personal toolbox. Inputting data is simply the first step. As you fill out templates, always consider the numbers within the context of an organizational mission, strategic direction, patient safety, risk-management issues, regulatory requirements, patient and stakeholder satisfaction, and also the dynamics within the health care industry.
As you prepare to complete this assessment, you may want to think about other related issues to deepen your understanding or broaden your viewpoint. You are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of your professional community. Note that these questions are for your own development and exploration and do not need to be completed or submitted as a part of your assessment.
What steps do you need to take in order to align a CBA with an organization’s mission and strategy?
If you were to offer three alternative recommendations after a CBA, what types of elements would you consider to differentiate them from one another?
How would you substantiate a recommendation for reducing financial risks in a health care setting when the quality of care is involved?
What are the three parts of a CBA?
Plowman, N. (2014). Writing a cost-benefit analysis. http://www.brighthub.com/office/project-management/articles/58181.aspx
Suppose an issue has emerged in your organization that presents significant risks to the stakeholders involved. Your supervisor has asked you to conduct a CBA, make a recommendation, and present it to the board of directors. You are expected to consider the numbers within the context of the organizational mission, strategic direction, patient safety, risk-management issues, regulatory requirements, patient and stakeholder satisfaction, and the dynamics within the health care industry.
Select a relevant issue within your workplace, or one from the resources provided for this assessment, for which a CBA may be conducted. The CBA should include one of the following course-related topics:
Patient and stakeholder satisfaction.
Step One: Identify Costs
Apply the process from Writing a Cost-Benefit Analysis article, linked in the Cost-Benefit Analysis Approach section of this assessment, to identify costs:
Make a list of all monetary costs that will be incurred upon implementation and throughout the life of the project. These include start-up fees, licenses, production materials, payroll expenses, user acceptance processes, training, and travel expenses, among others.
Make a list of all non-monetary costs that are likely to be absorbed. These include time, low production of other tasks, imperfect processes, potential risks, market saturation or penetration uncertainties, and influences on one’s reputation.
Assign monetary values to the costs identified in steps one and two. To ensure equality across time, monetary values are stated in present value terms. If realistic cost values cannot be readily evaluated, consult with market trends and industry surveys for comparable implementation costs in similar businesses.
Add all anticipated costs together to get a total costs value (Plowman, 2014).
Step Two: Identify Benefits
Continuing with the CBA, proceed with the identification and quantification of benefits, per Writing a Cost-Benefit Analysis article.
Make a list of all monetary benefits that will be experienced upon implementation and thereafter. These benefits include direct profits from products or services, increased contributions from investors, decreased production costs due to improved and standardized processes, and increased production capabilities, among others.
Make a list of all non-monetary benefits that one is likely to experience. These include decreased production times, increased reliability and durability, greater customer base, greater market saturation, greater customer satisfaction, and improved company or project reputation, among others.
Assign monetary values to the benefits identified in steps one and two. Be sure to state these monetary values in present value terms as well.
Add all anticipated benefits together to get a total benefits value (Plowman, 2014).
Enter the cost and benefit data you developed for the CBA in your preparation steps into the Cost-Benefit Analysis Template.
Then, write an analysis in which you do the following:
Describe the organizational, program, or departmental issue for which you have created the CBA.
Evaluate the cost versus benefit according to the general guidelines outlined by Plowman’s 2014 article, which you read in the preparation for this assessment.
Make a recommendation as to whether the benefits are sufficient to outweigh the costs of the proceeding.
Describe the systems-based context for your recommendations, integrating the CBA within the organization as a whole.
Describe how the issue relates to the organization’s vision, mission, and strategic direction.
Provide a rationale that explains how your recommendations are appropriate for your organization’s capacity and strategy.
Your analysis should use proper APA style and formatting and include the following sections. Each section, except the title page, should include the appropriate section heading.
Title page: Use APA formatting and include the following:
Assessment number (Assessment 3).
The course number (MHA-FP5014).
Your instructor’s name.
Abstract: Include a one-paragraph summary of analysis content. This is not an introduction to the topic, but a summary of the entire analysis. Make sure to double-space.
Context for recommendations.
Relationship to vision, mission, and strategy.
Appendix: Attach your completed Cost-Benefit Analysis Template.
DISCOUNT CODE FIRST25
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ERIC Number: ED024678
Record Type: RIE
Publication Date: 1967-Nov
Reference Count: 0
How To Teach "Dirty" Books in High School.
O'Malley, William J.
Educators Guide to Media and Methods, v4 n3 p6-11,46 Nov 1967
Today's self-centered, utopian attitudes toward sexual experience compel teachers to avoid both overcaution and over-indulgence in selecting controversial books for classroom use. One method of selection is to rank books in a gradual progression from those requiring little literary and sexual sophistication in the reader to those requiring much sophistication. If books are selected according to this progression, a student's first encounter with love in books will be love without physical description. He will later be prepared for physical description of love placed in easily recognizable moral contexts. In teaching controversial books, the teacher must avoid glossing over "shocking" passages in class; arrange for student counselors and the principal to read the books and, perhaps, listen to discussions; write to parents explaining what is being taught and why; stress to the students that a significant novel says something about man's life; and, most importantly, train the students to maintain an aesthetic distance which is a necessary part of literary discrimination. (JS)
Descriptors: Censorship, Cultural Enrichment, English Instruction, Literary Discrimination, Literature, Literature Appreciation, Moral Issues, Moral Values, Novels, Reading Material Selection, Reading Materials, School Community Relationship, Secondary Education, Teaching Methods, Twentieth Century Literature
Media and Methods Institute, Inc., 134 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19107 (Single copy $0.50).
Publication Type: N/A
Education Level: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
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Edward Dwight followed Partridge as curator of the Layton Art Collection and began turning the collecting focus from European paintings to American paintings. In 1962, Dwight left the Milwaukee Art Center (which at that point consisted of the Layton Art Collection and the Milwaukee Art Institute collection, and is now called the Milwaukee Art Museum) to become director of the Munson-Williams-Proctor Art Institute.
Tracy Atkinson joined the staff, and Frederick Vogel became a Layton Trustee in 1965. Both Atkinson and Vogel continued collecting American art for the Layton Art Collection, focusing particularly on the decorative arts. This third section of the exhibition displays decorative arts masterworks from the Layton Art Collection. Instead of writing wall labels for the different pieces, Chipstone decided that it would be more interesting for visitors to hear the voice of the collector himself. We recorded Fred Vogel’s recollections about certain acquisitions, and afree audio guide with his “collector’s tour” is available inside the gallery.
Vogel provides art historical details for the objects, but also tells stories that give us, the visitors, insight into how those in charge of a collection go about acquiring objects. For example, Vogel and Atkinson originally concentrated on early decorative arts for the Layton Art Collection: “When available,” Vogel says, “the best thing to buy when you have nothing else [are] the rarest pieces you can find, because they don’t wait around and they’re not coming back.”
One of those early pieces is a 1741 bed rug, above. A bed rug is an elaborately woven object that was used in colonial America on a bed instead of a floor. The one on display is one of the earliest surviving bed rugs. Vogel remembers first seeing the bed rug at an exhibition in the mid 1970s at the Wadsworth Athenaeum. He was so enthralled by the object that he found out who owned it and kept in contact in hopes it would one day be up for sale. When the bed rug finally appeared at Christie’s auction house, Vogel acquired it for the Layton Art Collection. Vogel was attracted by the date the bed rug was created, the originality of its woven composition, its condition, and its known maker (Hannah Baldwin).
Another object on display with an interesting story is an exquisite inlaid desk and bookcase. The maker was not known when it was acquired for the Layton Art Collection, so it was bought as a beautiful example of a Federal desk and bookcase. Its creator, Nathan Lombard, was discovered less than six months after it was acquired, and suddenly a whole body of similarly decorated material was attributed to Lombard’s shop. Soon thereafter, a Nathan Lombard tripod candle stand went up for auction and brought in three times as much money as the Layton Art Collection had paid for their desk and bookcase. Needless to say, this desk was a very good deal!
I hope that you will come visit the Milwaukee Art Museum’s lower level and explore this last gallery in The Layton Art Collection: 1888-2013. Be sure to pick up the audio guide and listen to Vogel’s stories about the diverse objects. You may just begin thinking differently about why objects are important and about the kinds of objects you’ve acquired over time.
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I first heard the theory when I was in my third year at secondary school. It was a Biology lesson. I didn’t like the sciences, but I listened because I had to. If I failed that exam, I was dead.
We were discussing evolution. My teacher was firmly convinced that everything evolved by chance, and seemed certain that there was no ‘grand design’. Everything was luck, as far as she was concerned.
Me? I wasn’t so sure. I’ve never believed in luck, or chance. Coincidence seems to me an absurd concept.
Anyway, that was where I first head the words ‘evolutionary dead end’. I’m not sure of the context. I think we were debating where or not we – mankind, that is – would evolved any further, or whether our society had stopped this kind of progress. Certainly, it seemed clear to me that natural selection had faded out of the picture. I mean, we don’t exactly kill off the weak and sick now, do we?
So. They told me that we were an evolutionary dead end. Of course, I didn’t realise at the time that they meant ‘dead’ literally. I don’t think they realised either. But I memorised what the examiners would expect me to say, the correct answer, and that’s what I wrote in my exam. It wasn’t clever, and it wasn’t original, but it got me the marks so I passed.
That was my method for everything. You don’t need to understand a thing, as long as you know what the examiners expect you to say. It worked, didn’t it? Certainly, I didn’t fail at all.
I’m not sure that memorising the correct answer is going to help me nowadays. You see, the human race just wasn’t good enough. They couldn’t adapt, and they didn’t make it through.
Instead, they left me here alone, to fight for myself and my survival. Not that there’s much left to survive for. Sometimes I wonder why I bother.
Let me tell you what happened.
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By Vincent Pica, Commodore, United States Coast Guard Auxiliary
Unlike any other law enforcement arm, the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) may board your boat at their discretion — they need no search warrant, no provocation, and no reason other than ensuring your boat is in full compliance with all applicable federal laws and regulations.
The U.S. Coast Guard boards vessels to conduct safety inspections to identify any obvious safety hazards and ensure the seaworthiness of the vessel. U.S. Coast Guard photo by Petty Officer 3rd Class Tara Molle/ © northeast.coastguard.dodlive.mil
Do you know what to do and say (besides “Yikes!”) if you see a USCG vessel in the vicinity and hear their voice on VHF channel 16 (or across the water) hailing your vessel and ordering you to bring your boat to a full stop?
You have been stopped by highly trained federal officers who will soon impress you with their professionalism. Before they even step off their vessel onto yours, the very first question they will ask you is, “Without reaching for them or touching them, do you have any weapons on board?” Subtly but powerfully, the tone is set: “I am polite. I am professional. And I mean business.” Let’s assume (and hope) that the answer to that question is “no,” since an affirmative answer sets up a scenario outside the scope of this article.
Of note to boaters in the First Coast Guard District, which is us, the USCG has a new program called the Responsible Boater program, which can make your time on the water much more pleasant – and safer. Read on!
Once your boat is boarded, the officers will be seeking compliance with regulations, starting with those applicable to all boat sizes:
- Your actual registration needs to be aboard and current. If you just have a copy, that’s a problem. If you have no registration, that’s a much bigger problem.
- The Hull Identification Number needs to be the same on your registration and on your boat (embossed into the transom, low on the starboard side). If they don’t match, you’ve got a lot of explaining to do.
- The registration numbers must be at least three inches, appear as a contrasting color to your hull, and be the most forward of any numbering or lettering on the boat.
- If you have a Marine Sanitation Device (aka head or toilet), it must conform to regulations. As most waters in the Northeast are “No Discharge Zones,” an over-board, through-hull holding tank must be in the locked/closed position and the key must under the control of the captain (no exceptions unless it can be seized closed or the handle can be removed in the closed position).
Other applicable laws and regulations are dictated by the size of your vessel:
- Is there at least one readily available life jacket in good working order for every person aboard? To be readily available, the jackets must be out of the wrapper and not buried under other gear or in a cupboard (think of your children or grandchildren having to put them on in hurry).
- The number of fire extinguishers depends on boat size, but all must be in working order.
- The amount of required flares varies by boat size, but all must be unexpired.
Now that sounds like a lot, and it is – and it should be. And the list gets longer as boat size increases. However, if you already have a valid Vessel Safety Check sticker (see below) on your windshield, you are eligible for an “Abbreviated Boarding.”
An abbreviated boarding means that the Coast Guard will check for appropriate life jackets for all aboard, that you have a sound-producing device (horn), flares, registration and fire extinguisher (if required for the vessel of your size) aboard. That’s it.
After the vessel is checked for compliance, there are three outcomes. The first (and best) results in receipt of a Report of Boarding marked “No Violations.” You are likely good to go for the season because, if the USCG comes alongside again and you show them your clean boarding report, they will likely pass on.
Your Report of Boarding could be marked “Written Warning” due to some violation that has not risen to an actionable level. However, if the officer returns to the station and finds that you were already given a warning for the same issue, the notice becomes a violation.
A “Notice of Violation” may be issued on the boat, resulting in one of two general outcomes. If the boarding officer believes that the nature of the violation is inherently unsafe (some aspect of your boat may lead to serious injury or death to you, your crew and passengers, or other boaters), you will be directed to follow the Coast Guard vessel back to the dock. If the violation is benign enough to allow your voyage to continue, it takes on the aspect of a driving violation. Outside the new Responsible Boater program, the notice is mailed to the USCG hearing office where the boarding report will be reviewed by a case officer who issues fines, further letters of violations, or takes other actions. You will be notified by mail and be given an opportunity to appeal.
However, under the new Responsible Boater program, the boarding officer will tell you to contact us, get the violation fixed and recorded as such on the Vessel Safety Check form (that the Vessel Examiner will give you), mail them both in (Report of Boarding and VSC form) and, very likely, the Hearing Officer will note that and no fine will be levied. Fines can run high, so this is free insurance!
Of course, if a search of the vessel and the persons aboard turns up anything deemed illegal, the USCG will take appropriate and immediate action.
So, how do you get a (free!) Vessel Safety Check? Captains can avail themselves of free Vessel Safety Checks provided by the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary and the U.S. Power Squadrons (safetyseal.net/GetVSC/). Remember – a check is not an enforcement event — if your boat fails, you get a report that details the deficiency and the inspector’s phone number. He or she will tell you, “When you have this addressed, call me. I will come down and re-run the inspection.” This results in a Vessel Safety Check sticker of compliance being affixed to your windshield. Once there, you are considered a Responsible Boater, with all attendant benefits to you, your crew, your vessel and the USCG.
Captain Ed Cubanski is the Captain of the Port and Sector Commander for US Coast Guard Sector Long Island Sound. Captain Cubanski is responsible for all active-duty, reservist and auxiliary Coast Guard personnel within the Sector. As a Commodore of the US Coast Guard Auxiliary Vin Pica works closely with Captain Cubanski and his staff to promote boating safety in the waters between Connecticut, Long Island and 200 nautical miles offshore. Sector Long Island Sound Command Center can be reached 24 hours a day at 203-468-4401.
Editor’s note: Weekly updates for the waters from Eastport, ME to Shrewsbury, NJ including discrepancies in Aids to Navigation, chart corrections and waterway projects are listed in the USCG Local Notice to Mariners. Log onto navcen.uscg.gov.
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The Shire was the homeland of the Hobbits, usually they are smaller than Men. They were fairly good archers and quite skilled with stone-throwing. Did the Shire Have any Defense system to protect them from any invasions from their neighbour kingdoms ?
The section entitled "Of the Ordering of the Shire" in the Prologue to Fellowship of the Ring provides your answer.
The Shire had no standing army, but would conduct a muster as required, which would be commanded by the Thain (the similarities with Rohan are observable). In practice this never actually happens:
The Thain was the master of the Shire-moot, and captain of the Shire-muster and the Hobbitry-in arms, but as muster and moot were only held in times of emergency, which no longer occurred, the Thainship had ceased to be more than a nominal dignity.
Aside from that, they did also have the Shirriffs who would also act as a "peace-keeping" force (among other duties) and could even "rustle up a posse" if required to deal with Outsiders:
A rather larger body, varying at need, was employed to 'beat the bounds', and to see that Outsiders of any kind, great or small, did not make themselves a nuisance.
Per Simon's comment (below), they also had the Dunedain, which took care of a lot of outsiders; however the shire had no control over these. After the events at the end of Return of the King they gain Pippin and Merry.
And that's about it.
Who would invade them ?
Since they reckon more on their discretion than on their ability to fight, mostly because they hate troubles, they don't need any army. If they suddenly need one, they would build up one, if not crushed before, else they won't bother themselves by thinking about it.
You have a human mind, and in The Lord of the Rings, humans build up armies. Every time. But Hobbits are peaceful and troubles are considered as some marginal characteristic. You, as a hobbit, wouldn't want to be seen carrying armor and weapons, even for playing, because elders could think that you are serious, and then you should say good bye to you socail status. No more friends, no more party invitations, neighboors advicing youglings to not come near the guy-looking-for-adventures's garden, ...
It's the same for actual humans about sustainable Development. We know we should reduce our comfort in order to the environment to not weaken around us, but we can't bear this conclusion. We would, in fact, do sacrifices and afforts when we won't have the choice, like the Hobbits would build up an army if they were close to be crushed. But not significantly before that point.
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I know you say to someone Bear with me if it is for a few minutes:
bear with me/us - used as a polite way of asking someone to be patient while you do or finish something
- If you just bear with me for a few more minutes, we’ll have all the paperwork finished. (Macmillan)
Can you say
Bear with me for half an hour?
or is that definitely too long?
Edit: Thanks to the comment below, I would like to clarify the situation I am refering to. When you go for an appointment let's say, and the person receiving you is not quite available yet, they tell you "bear with me, please". This is the use I am interested in. I always thought you can only use this expression with a few minutes, but today someone addressed me saying:
Please bear with me half an hour, and then we can speak.
(That person, like me, is not a native speaker, which is why maybe they forgot to say "for half an hour"). I was wondering if you can say that.
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Romer’s op-ed gets at least four critical points flat wrong. First, it conflates having a coherent set of policies and strategies to support U.S. manufacturers with them receiving “special treatment.” Second, it wrongly argues that manufacturing jobs are the same as all other jobs in the economy. Third, it misdiagnoses the central challenge facing the U.S. economy as a lack of aggregate demand when the real problem is faltering U.S. competitiveness, especially in the traded sectors of the economy, such as manufacturing. In doing so, her op-ed fails to recognize that the loss of manufacturing jobs has contributed significantly to the loss of U.S. employment, in terms of both direct and indirect jobs lost. Finally, arguments like this that manufacturing in the United States deserves no specific policy focus refuse to acknowledge the sophisticated strategies that dozens of U.S. competitors around the world have put in place to bolster the competitiveness of their manufacturing sectors.I'll address some of Ezell's points in detail in forthcoming posts, as the Romer vs. Ezell perspectives are examples of a larger debate on manufacturing, innovation and the US economy. Let me preview my two cents by suggesting that Romer is more right than ITIF on this issue.
08 February 2012
ITIF on Romer and Manufacturing
blog of the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation Stephen Ezell posts up a lengthy response to Christina Romer's NYT op-ed on the non-specialness of manufacturing. Ezell writes:
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The number of homeless children sleeping in New York City shelters rose by 29 percent last year, to a record 13,088 each night, according to city figures released yesterday by the Coalition for the Homeless, an advocacy group that monitors the shelters under a longstanding court decree.
The increase in children lodging nightly with their families in the city's shelter system is part of the largest one-year rise in homeless people recorded in the city since its modern shelter system began in the early 1980's. The overall increase, about 22 percent, is probably the largest since the Great Depression, analysts at the coalition said.
Linda I. Gibbs, commissioner of the city's Department of Homeless Services, did not dispute the figures, which show 31,064 people sheltered nightly in January 2002, up by 5,534 from January 2001. ''I wouldn't call it a crisis,'' she said, ''if only from the perspective that we are making shelter capacity available to meet the demand.''
Last summer, city officials and advocates alike warned of the galloping rise in the number of families and single adults seeking shelter, and they scrambled to forestall a winter crisis by adding capacity. Among other efforts, they met with landlords to try to overcome the bureaucratic obstacles that make it hard for the families to rent apartments with federal rent subsidies.
But those meetings fell apart in the aftermath of the Sept. 11 terrorist attack and the changes at City Hall, said Barbara Cutler, the court-appointed special master who has overseen the city's operation of the family shelters for seven years. ''It took months to regroup,'' she said. ''The new administration, they need to get their land legs.''
Ms. Gibbs said she had met with other city officials to streamline the inspection and approval process for subsidized apartments. ''It needs to be overhauled,'' she said.
Advocates for the homeless, long locked in court battles with the Giuliani administration, point to years of cutbacks in the city's housing capital budget as a major cause of the rise in demand for shelter.
''When so many people were applauding the running of the city and we forecast that cuts in permanent housing and single-minded reductions in the welfare rolls would lead to increased homelessness, we were criticized as Cassandras,'' said Steven Banks, counsel to the coalition. ''Regrettably, it's all coming true.''
In the fiscal year ended in June, the coalition said, the city provided only 184 apartments to homeless families, down from 2,071 in the fiscal year ended in June 1990. Yet last year, in an effort to provide emergency housing to a swelling population of families seeking shelter, the city sharply increased its use of so-called scattered-site apartments, where landlords were paid $100 a night, or $3,000 a month, to lodge them temporarily. Those apartments, which now number 1,224 -- up from 61 in January 2001 -- would ordinarily rent for a third as much.
''In these tight financial times,'' Mr. Banks said, ''the argument that the dollars can be spent better is even stronger.''Continue reading the main story
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This educational program typically engages older youth as animators of younger peers aged 11 to 15 to help them develop their powers of expression, capacities for moral reasoning, and an ethic of service to others. The program combines study, mentorship and social action.
“Among the young ones in the community are those known as junior youth, who fall between the ages of, say, 12 and 15. They represent a special group with special needs as they are somewhat in between childhood and youth when many changes are occurring within them. Creative attention must be devoted to involving them in programmes of activity that will engage their interests, mold their capacities for teaching and service, and involve them in social interaction with older youth.”
~Ridvan 2000, Universal House of Justice
The merit of the junior youth spiritual empowerment program lies, first and foremost, in its effectiveness at enhancing the power of expression and the quality of spiritual perception within its participants and in assisting them to develop the capabilities necessary for a life of meaningful service to their communities.
~November 14, 2012 Universal House of Justice
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“…the weeks have gone by, and the weight has not. So what might be the reason?“
- Liz Keller
Why the Scale Isn’t Moving
Sure, you may have indulged in some “quarantine snacks” when the pandemic started, but now you’ve come up with a new workout routine and cut back on the snacking. You’ve seen all the memes about the “quarantine 15” or the chubby babies in bikinis, and although they were funny, you didn’t think it would happen to you. You thought you might even lose weight because your social life consisted mostly of Zoom chats and FaceTime calls. But the weeks have gone by, and the weight has not. So what might be the reason?
Your total daily expenditure has decreased.
Total daily expenditure, also known as TDEE, is the total amount of calories you burn throughout the day. This number includes all of your daily activities that involve energy and is influenced by three components. Number one is your resting metabolic rate (RMR), also referred to as basal metabolic rate (BMR), which is the number of calories your body needs to simply function. Think of the energy your body uses to pump your heart, expand your lungs, and turn on your brain. Your RMR is approximately 60-75% of your total daily expenditure. The other two components are the thermic effect of food and the thermic effect of physical activity. The thermic effect of food (TEF) is the amount of energy your body uses to breakdown food for metabolism. For example, high fiber foods require more energy for metabolism. That probably hasn’t changed much during the pandemic. But what has changed, almost for certain, is your thermic effect of physical activity (TEPA). Yes, you did some home workouts, but probably with lighter weights or no weights at all. And while TEPA also includes your daily steps, those may have dropped as well. For instance, you used to park your car and walk to and from the gym to get your workout. During the pandemic, all you had to do was walk from your bedroom to your living room. Although this may seem like a small difference, it adds up over the weeks and months of lockdown. Relative inactivity, along with other seemingly minor changes, could be the difference in burning enough calories to lose or maintain weight.
What To Do?
Swapping quick grab and go snacks, prepackaged items, and convenience foods for whole, real foods is one solution to this problem. The more fiber, complex carbohydrates, and fruits and vegetables you incorporate into your diet, the fuller you will feel, and the more calories your body will burn digesting those foods! Also, getting back to the gym, lifting some heavy weights, and feeding off other members’ energy is another way to increase your TDEE.
Your environment has changed.
Most people find themselves snacking more because it has become a new habit. I have previously coined the term “procrastin-eating” as a play on procrastinating that involves eating as a way to put off doing something you don’t want to do. Pre-pandemic, you may have been limited to the snacks you had packed for yourself that day when you fell into a bit of procrastin-eating. Now, working from home has made snacking between tasks easy – it’s a new routine.
What To Do
Figure out what your triggers are that make you look for a snack and plan for them. If you have multiple meetings scheduled for the day and find yourself snacking in between, prep snacks ahead of time to ensure they are healthy options and not a handful of your kid’s goldfish. If you find yourself having multiple triggers that cause you snack “all day,” schedule a specific time for a snack and other times for tea. Tea, including black, green, hibiscus, and other herbal teas, has numerous health benefits, including protection from cancers, heart disease, and diabetes. It’s also a great low-calorie snack alternative. Changing your environment also includes removing things from your environment. You can exert control over your situation by not buying snacks that will trigger you into a spiral. Plain and simple: If it is not in your house, you can not eat it. Try buying healthier alternatives like fruits, nuts, or popcorn. If you have kids and you buy snacks for them, portion them out in small snack bags. That way, if you do go to have this snack, at least it will be in moderation.
Your mindset has changed.
Sadly, anxiety and stress, which was a big enough problem before COVID, have become even more prevalent in our day-to-day lives. Chronic stress, caused by any reason, will trigger your body to produce the hormone cortisol. Along with hormones like adrenaline, cortisol is a player in the “flight or fight” reflex. Contrary to popular belief, cortisol itself is not inherently bad for you. It is actually used for fat and carbohydrate metabolism. It does this by stimulating insulin release and helps to maintain blood sugar levels. The problem with being anxious and stressed and continuously producing too much cortisol is that it can increase your appetite and cause cravings for sweet, high-fat, salty foods. With elevated cortisol levels, the body produces less testosterone, which can lead to a decrease in muscle mass. Some studies have shown that high cortisol levels can alter how your body stores fat, resulting in more belly fat.
What to do
The best ways to lower your cortisol levels are eating a balanced diet, getting enough sleep, and exercising. Exercise has been shown to not only reduce cortisol but to increase endorphins, which are chemicals in the brain that act as natural mood enhancers and painkillers.
Your Relationship with Food
If you have found yourself stuck or have recently put on some extra weight, don’t be too hard on yourself. One thing I always try to address with clients is working on their relationship with food, their self-image, and their mindset. It is normal to turn to comfort food to deal with anxiety, but feeling guilty about your eating or the way you look is even more unhealthy than consuming the extra calories.
If you would like my help with a meal plan, motivation to move more, or changing your mindset, contact me to set up an in-person or online consultation.
Email Liz at: firstname.lastname@example.org
About the Author
Liz Keller is a Nutritionist with a bachelor’s degree in Nutrition & Dietetics from Queens College. She is a certified CDC National DDP Lifestyle Coach through Solera Health and is currently pursuing her master’s degree in Human Nutrition from Bridgeport University. She runs the Eat Smart program at Fitness Incentive.
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Who would not like to make safe investments? Here are some simple rules for invest your savings safely, turning risk into an ally.
Anyone who has dealt with investments, will have to be directed by a consultant or employee to a given financial product, with a specific time horizon and, obviously, level of risk. However, there are some fundamental rules, valid also in this 2019 regardless of the type of investment chosen, which must be taken into account if you want to invest your savings safely and informed way.
1) Investing savings in a conscious way: The value of information
Proper information before starting helps you understand and choose the most suitable investment. There are various financial instruments, time horizons and performance expectations. As well as different procedures, for the available capital and the strategies adopted.
For this to be possible there are some key elements, such as financial education, from which to start.
The global average financial culture has in fact tended to be little evolved and even the Italian one, as emerged from various studies, remains weak and completely inadequate.
The time that the investor devotes during the week to monitor his investments is scarce and often has little information about his bank account for which any improvement conditions are ignored.
Most of the time, the basic rules of financial investment are not even known, leading to potentially high risks or lack of profit opportunities.
Certainly investing their money without having understood the operation of the chosen financial product or the possible consequences, increases the probability of making mistakes and suffering large losses. Sometimes due to the difficulty in terminology, we often spend more time studying the potential purchase of an appliance compared to the study of an investment suited to their needs and efficient savings management.
A conscious information and financial knowledge, together with an eventual assistance from the operators of the sector, is one of the prerequisites for a correct and good investment, adapted to one’s own needs.
The first two “golden rules” of the famous investor, Warren Buffet, recall how essential it is …
- Do not lose money
- Remember that proper loss management can be the basis for a successful investment.
2) Relying on experts: How to invest your savings safely by setting reasonable targets?
In recent years, the number of investors seeking support and advice.
In fact, referring to an independent, clearly independent financial consultant, allows the saver to find the information necessary to understand how to invest your savings safely and face the market in a less risky manner. Finance requires a constant monitoring operation that is difficult to do, for the less experienced, independently. It is a delicate subject that implies knowledge of the tools, continuous updating on the state of the markets and, for those who decide to proceed independently, trading capacity.
For this reason, being supported in investment activity is now more and more useful and convenient.
If one excludes the possibility of operating autonomously, two possible alternatives are envisaged: that of the financial advisor or that of the banker.
Although there is no ideal solution in this regard, we advise you to avoid situations in which the conflict of interest, however “disguised” is present. Selling a product and also gaining indirectly from its success can affect the quality of the product itself.
On the other hand to operate in complete autonomy from institutions of various kinds, ensures transparency that added to professional competence, helps to choose the most suitable investment and meets their needs, just because it is not spoiled by interests of any kind.
3) Secure investing: Which investment to choose to invest your savings safely away from excessive risks?
Investing money always involves risks but a solution for a high return and a low risk, it exists and is expressed in the investment in a diversified portfolio, composed of different products and Asset Class.
The asset classes essentially represent what you decide to “bet on”, the investment class on which you decide to invest and among those in which most of the investments flow are …
- Raw material
- Monetary component
- Liquid assets
How to invest therefore? The returns linked to each of these Asset Classes differ and in general there are low or no returns if easy access to the invested money is required and the guarantee of having intact the invested capital. But a well-balanced investment portfolio allows for good performance while containing related risks.
For example, the investment in ETF is well matched with the needs of different investor profiles because it involves investing in a basket of securities and then …
- Diversify your investment (investing in different assets allows you to balance any losses in a stock with gains from another)
- Contain costs compared to other forms of investment (passive management reduces costs compared to active management)
- Contain risks (passive management requires a more prudent approach to the market, given the replication of an index, for example the Standard & Poor’s, and not in it’s exceeding)
4) How to invest your savings safely over the long term?
Remember the old fairy tale that forced us to think about the need to save for the future as a child?
Given that apparently in this 2019, despite ourselves, the sacrifice will not fail, the savings still remains one of the most widespread objectives and understand how to preserve its value and make it grow over time one of the main challenges.
Above all in this moment of uncertainty and instability, in financial terms, it emerges in fact the tendency on the one hand to contain costs on current accounts and on the other to seek investment solutions for small amounts that can guarantee a modest gain in future years.
For example, a young person who wants to invest 10,000 dollars knows he can count on a long-term horizon and for this reason it is advisable to invest in ETFs, which in the long run give the opportunity to increase the capital invested while containing costs and risks related to investment.
The usual rule is that the more the investment time horizon is close, the better the return will be. While with a time horizon over 5 years, you could earn a substantial amount, keep up with rising prices and invest your savings safely without incurring unsustainable levels of risk.
5) Safe investments: Prudently and starting from small amounts
If investing in a small sum such as 5000 dollars, will not allow you to live on income, literally speaking, certainly can represent an opportunity, useful to make money saved and not to frustrate the sacrifice made. Moreover, even if you have a good economic availability, the ideal is always to “take a safe”, investing then starting from small figures and then fuel the investment over time.
To the question “How to invest a small sum”, various solutions such as the deposit account, the normal current account, the government bonds or, on the postal front for example, the postal savings account and the savings bonds, will probably come to mind. But if the intention is to derive something, therefore that of investing and giving a real value to the efforts made, the aforementioned hypotheses are to be discarded, even for small investments.
The same goes for the State, which, in view of a more solid scenario, no longer offers investors worthy returns (see the case of the latest auctions of the Bots and BTPs, which have reached historical lows). Moreover, even in the face of reduced taxation (12.5% compared to 26% for other forms of financial income), it is often more convenient to look for a higher return than to make a choice based on taxation.
This forces the saver to look for new products and new sources of return, moving his target from very conservative products to investment solutions aimed at longer time horizons.
Therefore, allocating the portion saved in different products and for a period of time maybe a few years, offers the possibility of being able to see interesting yields accrue and optimize the relative costs.
6) Cut management costs
The saving on investment costs has a direct and enormous impact on returns. Every dollar saved annually (and not spent on commissions) is kept as investment capital and reinvested (and therefore capable of generating additional returns). And clearly, the longer the investment time horizon, the greater the benefit of cost savings on the final return.
For example, in the investment product universe, the most efficient instruments for the construction of an investment portfolio are ETFs, which, thanks to the limited management fees, reduce the operating costs of an investment portfolio by up to one tenth. To more expensive tools (for example, consider our in-depth analysis of Individual Savings Plans).
Therefore, if we can allocate for a while, even a small sum of money (or even a larger one), the ideal is to invest in flexible products, which can balance the erosion of running costs with a modest, just yield and really useful.
We are sure that, given the growing complexity of economic, political and therefore financial scenarios, in the next few years, advice on asset management will be increasingly relevant and necessary.
The geo-political tensions shatter apparent security making it increasingly difficult for a normal saver to understand how to invest.
But if on the one hand it is true that there are no safe investments because there is always a margin of risk and the landscape is complex, on the other it is true that following a series of simple but fundamental rules, there are ways to invest your savings safely, responsibly and efficiently.
For this reason, being helped and keeping in mind our advice to invest from the beginning can already be a good starting point, a secure base in a context, that of markets, unstable by its very nature.
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During a typical office visit, family physicians have no more than 15 minutes to evaluate and talk with patients, but they actually may have even less time than they realize to get their messages across. That's because the average attention span of most patients, which used to be close to 20 minutes, has dwindled to nine seconds, or roughly the same attention span as that of a goldfish(sallyhogshead.com), according to Sally Hogshead, the speaker at a Sept. 27 general session at the AAFP's 2013 Scientific Assembly here.
Speaker Sally Hogshead told a general session audience at Scientific Assembly that patients will be more loyal, more trusting and more likely to adhere to physicians' instructions when physicians communicate in a way that is fascinating.
"How can you hold someone's attention in this world?" asked Hogshead, a former advertising executive turned researcher, author and consultant. "You have something important to say. It literally could be life or death."
According to Hogshead, whose book is titled Fascinate, it is a physician's job to communicate in a way that will fascinate his or her patients. Fascinating patients will result in patients who are more loyal, more trusting and more likely to adhere to instructions.
The daughter of a physician, Hogshead said patients don't necessarily need more communication from their physicians so much as they need better communication. The way for a physician to do that, she said, is to play to his or her strengths. "There has never been a more important time to understand how your personality fascinates your patients," she said. "There has never been a greater opportunity to build your practice and help your patients to listen to you and believe you. You do that by fascinating them."
Hogshead developed a 28-question personality test(www.howtofascinate.com) that determines which two of seven triggers -- passion, trust, mystique, prestige, power, alarm and rebellion -- a person is most likely to use when trying to persuade another person to do something. All the possible combinations of primary and secondary triggers add up to 49 different personality archetypes(www.howtofascinate.com), according to Hogshead.
More than 200,000 people have taken the test during the past three years. For the general population, trust ranked as the sixth most common out of the seven primary triggers. Among the more than 2,000 family physicians who took the test prior to Hogshead's Assembly presentation, it ranked first.
One-fourth of family physicians who responded to Hogshead's survey had trust as a primary trigger, compared to 11 percent of the general population. Nearly 8 percent of family physicians had trust and mystique as their primary and secondary triggers, a combination Hogshead refers to as "The Vault," someone who is analytical, discreet and understated. Seven percent of respondents had trust and alarm as their primary and secondary triggers, a combination Hogshead calls the "Good Citizen" -- someone who is conscientious, modest and preventive.
Seven percent had mystique as a primary trigger and trust as secondary trigger. These "Wise Owls" tend to be observant, assured and unruffled, according to Hogshead.
Hogshead's research indicates that people with trust as a primary trigger garner respect and maintain loyalty through their dependability and consistency in chaotic environments. Five defining personality characteristics of such a person are that he or she is stable, dependable, familiar, predictable and comforting. People with the mystique trigger are influential because they are understated, complex, rational, reserved and deliberate.
"It really doesn't matter how you see the world," Hogshead said. "What matters is how the world sees you."
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Every hobby desk is different, but all of them will share the same essential hobby tools required to build and paint miniatures.
1. Sprue cutters / snippers
A large amount of miniatures will start life in bits, attached to a sprue (frame). The first task is to snip each piece of the miniature off of the sprue ready to be cleaned.
This is where your sprue cutters (or snippers, or clippers) come in. They have small pointed edges perfect for snipping even the smallest parts of a miniature free without damaging it. They’re also perfect for cutting up miniatures for use in kitbashing projects (more on that in another article).
Sprue cutters are designed for clipping plastic and resin and should not be used for metal and harder materials.
2. Hobby knife
Hobby (or craft) knives are essential for cutting, shaping and scraping various parts of a miniature.
Once your miniature has been clipped from it’s sprue, you can then use your hobby knife to slice off any extra lumps of sprue (also known as burrs) that the cutters missed.
You can also remove any mould lines on the miniature by scraping them. This is best done with either the opposite (not sharp) side of the blade, or a dull blade from a knife that’s seen a lot of use. Avoiding a sharp blade here will help prevent accidentally slicing into the plastic.
Hobby knives are essential for building terrain and scenery as well. Perfect for cutting through all sorts of materials otherwise destined for the trash.
This is one tool where it pays to have a couple on your desk ready to go… one with a sharp blade and one with a dull blade.
3. Plastic cement / super glue
Your miniature has been clipped and cleaned, it’s time to glue it together.
Plastic miniatures can be assembled with either plastic cement (glue), or super glue. Whereas resin and metal miniatures will need super glue. There are other glues out there that would also work but here we’re focusing on the essentials.
Plastic cement dissolves the plastic forming a solid “weld”. If you don’t want to be able to separate the individual pieces then plastic glue is great. It’s also great for cleaning up mould lines, gap filling, sculpting and making “sprue goo”.
Super glue, also know as cyanoacrylate (CA) glue, quickly forms a bond between the pieces you want to assemble. It’s a strong bond, but the pieces are still separate and so enough force (or debonder) can separate them again. Sometimes this is useful for when you want to repurpose parts of a miniature down the track.
4. Paint brushes
Paint brushes come in all shapes and sizes. Fortunately you can achieve a decent level of quality with only a few brushes.
A large brush is useful for priming miniatures, applying washes and blocking out larger areas of colour. This brush can really help reduce the time needed for certain tasks.
Next, a medium sized brush is great for smaller areas of detail and layering.
Finally you’ll want a small brush for the highlights and small areas (facial features, eyes, lenses, gems etc).
Another useful brush is one that can be used for dry brushing. This brush should be large and flat/wide shapes tend to yield good results. Dry brushes will quickly lose their shape and become hard to use for any tasks that require precision.
5. Wet palette
When using a traditional ‘dry’ palette for mixing and thinning paints, your paints dry up and become unusable very quickly. Wet palettes solve this issue by providing a hydrated layer underneath the paint to keep it wet. The result is wet paint that you can come back to days after first using it. This is great a way of using less paint and perfect for helping you pick up where you left off between painting sessions.
We currently stock two wet palette options:
- Redgrass Everlasting Wet Palette Painter Lite
- Redgrass Everlasting Wet Palette Studio XL Complete Blue
Or you can view all of our wet palette products.
The hobby tools covered in this article are essential for anyone looking to start painting miniatures. Check out our full range of hobby tools and accessories perfect for any hobby desk.
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Why Church Planting?
We plant churches so that more people will be saved by Jesus as well as grow in love and service to both God and neighbor.
“But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you, and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the end of the earth.” Jesus, in Acts 1:8
We believe the promise of Acts 1:8 will be ultimately fulfilled by Jesus, through his church, as they obey the great commission. For Ekklesia Muskogee, planting churches is a natural extension of Jesus’ command for us to make disciples of all nations. Church planting is a priority for us. We believe the book of Acts shows this: the way the first Christians sought to fulfill the great commission (Matthew 28:19-20) was by planting churches that would preach the gospel, love God, love their neighbors, and seek to plant other churches. Through churches, people hear about Jesus, come to faith in him, worship God, experience true community, and become part of Jesus’ mission here on earth. By God’s grace, we are committed to what we believe is the same mission of the Apostles in the book of Acts: plant the gospel in different communities across the globe by planting churches.
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I enjoy reading and watching Dan Meyer’s blog. He is a truly innovative teacher and I am constantly sending his material to our math department. Yesterday, he posted a recent presentation to teachers about Powerpoint and how to use it successfully. Throughout the presentation he also mentions a number of lessons from his class – a great demonstration on how visual cues can capture the attention of all. Click here for the Quicktime version.
Borrowing the phrase from Malcolm Gladwell, I am searching for ways to get to the tipping point with my teachers’ interest in technology. Last school year, we, as faculty, agreed to work to get our students to take better care of their physical spaces at school. We adopted the tipping point theory and worked with a group of kids (mavens) to spread this “green” fever throughout the school. Overall, it was successful, though we have a ways to go, we did raise awareness that we can build on next school year.
Now I’m thinking how I can get to the tipping point with faculty and their use of read/write tools in their classes. I’m mostly thinking about the faculty that has no interest in technology for whatever reason (no time, don’t see that it applies to the their class, see no need to change what they are doing after xx years). I know there is no magic wand, no magic potions, or even magic professional development program. I know that it ultimately has to come from the teacher – they have to want to learn it. Even if they are exposed to the tools, they will have no interest in using them if they can’t see exactly how they would make them work.
Teachers that have some interest will attend optional workshops throughout the year and the summer. I’ve offered those workshops and I get a core group of faculty who get really excited about the tools and can’t wait for September to use them (well, they can probably wait). I have no problem reaching these teachers – we have great discussions, they can see real value in the tools, and they seem to just drink up whatever you give them.
It’s the other population that I have trouble reaching. Every workshop they sit in, they pick apart the technology, focus on the negatives, claim they couldn’t possible use technology unless every student has a laptop (we are not 1-to-1), or they just can’t imagine why they would want to embrace these technologies when what they are doing is just fine.
So I need to work on reaching the tipping point. A point at which these teachers will say, “Hmmm – maybe there is something to these technologies?” I need to continue to work with the enthusiastic teachers (my “mavins”) in hopes that their energy will spillover to the other folks. Of course I will still be there pushing from the other side, trying to show them the benefits of using these technologies – personally, professionally, and pedagogically. And as Chris Lehman reminds me, I have to remain humble in my promotion of there tools. I really like what Chris says in the last paragraph of his post:
I do think that the educators in my aggregator can change the world. But I think we all have to understand that a) change is slower than we’d want, and b) to change the world, we have to be as close to the ideal versions of ourselves as we can. We have to be passionate and dedicated and smart and inclusive and tireless and humble. We have to be better tomorrow at being who we are than we are today. Our ideas and work can change the world and make a difference, but only if we are willing to constantly change ourselves.
Yes, change is slow (some days it seems to go backwards), but we do have to remain passionate and energized through our conversations with one another. I can’t imagine where our jobs would be without these tools.
I just met with our Upper School Director regarding our in-service retreat in August. His focus is technology in support of good teaching (yeah!). He has come a long way in his use and thoughts about technology in the classroom. I worked with him on a wiki project this spring in his African Literature class. The shape of this retreat has evolved a lot since he first brought it up. We’ve gone from a skills-based approach to a near-web2.0 retreat. Here’s a peek at what we have so far:
Dialog I – What makes good teaching? (based around reading of Ken Bain’s book, What the Best College Teachers Do)
Presentation I – A demo of a “lesson study” – in depth conversation, step-by-step following the elements of a particular lesson
Dialog II – Technology and Good Teaching
(During these first 3 elements, the faculty will be broken into 3 groups of 10. Then during each session, the group will either be in the fishbowl having the active conversation, or live blogging/chat on the side – they will rotate through the rolls.)
Dialog III – Reflections on the day – was this setup effective? can it be used in the classroom?
Presentation II – Next steps – snapshot of some technologies to get them started. preview to future workshops.
What do you think of this of this setup? How might you change things? I’m especially exciting for the live blog on the side after reading all the buzz at NECC. But I’m worried that there is not much info on technology in this. If the teachers don’t know what’s out there how can they come to the conclusion that good teaching should involve using it? After reading Ben Wilkoff’s post this morning, I’m wondering how set up “The Ripe Environment” for my teachers. I’m still digesting this and wondering what else I could inject – maybe to make “Presentation II” effective. I welcome your thoughts.
Yes, I’m still trying to catch up with all the blog posts that the people at NECC have produced. I have especially enjoyed reading through the skype notes posted by Jeff Utecht from the skype chat they had during a few sessions. Though I didn’t experience it first hand, I can see that this practice is something that can be HUGE in the classroom and during professional development. It is something that we were considering for our opening meeting in August – now I’m convinced we should do it.
There is an enormous amount of energy coming out of Atlanta – so much I hardly know where to begin. But I’d like to use that energy and the dozens and dozens of posts and notes that I have read over the past few days and combine that with the energy of the handful of faculty that attended my workshops at the end of the year and use it to get a real web 2.0 (school 2.0) fever started here. I especially enjoyed Wes Fryer’s post this morning – broiling with energy.
Teachers here (and everywhere I imagine) are pretty comfortable with what they are doing in the classroom. If however they are exposed to these tools and the power they can bring (to the classroom and students), they may see that they are falling behind in what is going on in education worldwide. That’s the hard part – trying get teachers to take the time to see what others around them are doing. Web 2.0 tools make this easier…
I’m glad I have a few weeks to prepare – I’m sure I’ll need more than that. But I feel like I am better equipped having read post after post, twitter after twitter, chat after chat this week. Thanks bloggers!
After reading my netvibes this morning, I find myself with a little NECC envy. I’ve never been but vow to go in the next year or two. I need it to be closer or a better vacation spot and time for my family. San Antonio? Maybe, but it might be too hot. Anyway, I’m trying to attend virtually through Warlick’s Hitchhikr page and all the RSS feeds I have pulled in to my netvibes. Thanks to all the live bloggers attending – keep posting, I enjoy reading.
Most of all I’m just reading with professional development in mind. Between now and the end of August I’m hoping to gather useful information to bring to the Upper School faculty about using technology in their teaching practice – both professionally and with their students. More on this as I go…
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Where can i take a breastfeeding class?
2 doctor answers • 2 doctors weighed in
Pediatrics 25 years experience
6.7k viewsAnswered >2 years ago
Pediatrics 24 years experience
Hospital of birth: Try calling the hospital your baby was born to see if breast feeding classes are offered. If you have relocated and new to the area, try the closest hospital where they deliver babies. Check with the lactation consultant there and most likely they will have classes for nursing moms. You may also want to check with your pediatrician for other local resources.
6.6k viewsAnswered >2 years ago
Last updated May 13, 2013
Connect with a U.S. board-certified doctor by text or video anytime, anywhere.
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Content on HealthTap (including answers) should not be used for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and interactions on HealthTap do not create a doctor-patient relationship. Never disregard or delay professional medical advice in person because of anything on HealthTap. Call your doctor or 911 if you think you may have a medical emergency.
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Albany in Albany County, New York — The American Northeast (Mid-Atlantic)
Glenn Curtiss Flight
From This Ground
By Howard C. Ohlhous, July 15, 2008
1. Glenn Curtiss Flight Marker - Albany, New York
Began The First Long
Distance Airplane Flight
Albany To New York
May 29, 1910.
Erected 1940 by New York State Education Department.
Location. 42° 37.567′ N, 73° 45.47′ W. Marker is in Albany, New York, in Albany County. Marker is on Smith Boulevard, on the right when traveling south. Click for map. Marker is mounted on the lawn of the Port of Albany Administration Building, 106 Smith Boulevard. Marker is at or near this postal address: 106 Smith Boulevard, Albany NY 12202, United States of America.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within 2 miles of this marker, measured as the crow flies. Trade Partners Along the Hudson (approx. 0.7 miles away); Fort Crailo (approx. 0.8 miles away); Gen. Henry Knox Trail (approx. 0.8 miles away); Schuyler Mansion (approx. 1.1 miles away); a different marker also named Schuyler Mansion (approx. 1.1 miles away); a different marker also named Schuyler Mansion (approx. 1.1 miles away); a different marker also named Fort Crailo (approx. 1.1 miles away); U.S.S. Slater (approx. 1.2 miles away). Click for a list of all markers in Albany.
Regarding Glenn Curtiss Flight.
Glenn Hammond Curtiss (21 May 1878 – 23 July 1930) was an aviation pioneer and founder of the Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company (now part of Curtiss-Wright Corporation) and is considered "The Father of Naval Aviation." During World War I, the Curtiss Airplane and Motor Company was the largest aircraft manufacturer in the world, producing more than 10,000 aircraft (the equivalent of over 100 per day).
By Howard C. Ohlhous, July 15, 2008
2. Glenn Curtiss Flight Marker - Port of Albany
The Marker is in the shadows of the trees on the front lawn of the Port of Albany Administration Building. The onboard cranes of a ship docked on the Hudson River at the port can be see in the background.
Curtiss was born 1878 in Hammondsport, New York near Keuka Lake, one of the Finger Lakes in upstate New York, where his insatiable curiosity, mechanical ability and ambition soon became evident. By the time he reached his teens, bicycles and speed had become a near-obsession with the young Curtiss. He was a champion bicycle racer for years and naturally progressed to designing and building his own machines. In 1903 he set a world speed record by averaging 64 mph for one mile, and in 1907 he set a new world record of 136.36 mph, on a 40-hp V8 powered motorcycle of his own design, which interestingly, lacked any brakes. At this time he was America's number one maker of high-performance motorcycles, and for many years Glenn Curtiss carried the title, "Fastest Man on Earth".
From high speed motorcycles his interests grew towards aviation after Thomas Baldwin, a showman and entrepreneur, who at the beginning of the 1900's specialized in balloon ascents and parachute
descents. Baldwin adapted one of Curtiss' lightweight and powerful V-Twin motorcycle engines to what we would call it a blimp, creating the first successful dirigible in the United States.
By Howard C. Ohlhous, October 17, 2008
3. Glenn Curtiss Flight Marker
The marker is to the left of the car parked near the center of the photo.
On July 4th, 1908 Curtiss, who had been collaborating with Dr. Alexander Graham Bell and others in an effort to develop a power-driven airplane made a demonstration flight in Hammondsport under the auspices of the Aero Club of America, with the public, press, and accredited aeronautical experts present. Curtiss flew his boxkite-like airplane contraption named the June Bug a distance of almost a mile, swooping over vineyard stakes and barbed wire fences, 15 to 20 feet off the ground and landing in an open field. This flight won him the Scientific American trophy for the first public flight in America of one kilometer. Records show that because of this flight, he later received from the Aero Club of America, pilotís license No.1, the first pilotís license granted in this country on June 8th 1911 (the Wrights were Nos. 4 and 5).
"The Hawk of the Skies" - Albany to New York Flight:
New York World publisher Joseph Pulitzer had issued an open challenge by offering a $10,000 prize for the first successful flight between Albany and New York City which fueled a great deal of hype about the flight. In the spring of 1910 Curtiss accepted that challenge.
He rented a patch of land on Van Rensselaer Island near the Port of Albany for $5.00 to use as his takeoff area. Curtiss carried a handwritten note from Albany Mayor James Briggs McEwan to the mayor of New York City, William Jay Gaynor, allowing Curtiss to lay claim to delivering the first airmail in the country. Popular accounts of the day had dubbed the Curtiss biplane the Albany Flyer, but Curtiss called it the Hudson Flier. The plane was an early "pusher" design that was powered by a 50-hoursepower eight-cylinder engine turning a rear-mounted prop. It resembled a motorized box kite, with the elevator assembly in front, a narrow seat, a bar for a footrest and a simple steering wheel. For the historic flight, Curtiss wore a heavy sweater, goggles, rubber boots and a life preserver. The plane had sealed metal fuel tanks and five inflated bags for flotation in case he had to ditch the aircraft into the Hudson River. A watery forced landing befell airmen who attempted the feat during the Hudson-Fulton celebration of 1909. The New York Times chartered a New York Central train in Albany for an exclusive group of dignitaries, reporters and photographers who closely followed Curtiss on his flight down the Hudson River. During the flight Curtiss cruised at an average speed of 54 miles per hour and at an average altitude of 700 feet. He landed at a makeshift landing strip in Poughkeepsie
Library of Congress
4. Glenn Hammond Curtiss
to refill his plane's 10-gallon fuel tank. Later the plane's engine developed a serious oil leak so Curtiss set down on the broad lawn of a wealthy family's estate near Columbia University. He topped off the oil and gas, took off again, spun a victory lap around the Statue of Liberty, and landed at Governors Island before a cheering crowd. He had shattered the nation's flight endurance record of 24 miles and collected a payday that allowed Curtiss to keep his struggling airplane company afloat. It was a national event and a huge story that firmly established Curtiss as an American aviation pioneer. Afterwards Curtis was often referred to as "The Hawk of the Skies" in newspaper accounts.
Collection of Steve Doherty
5. Curtiss Landing at Governor's Island
"Curtiss Landing at Governor's Island - Winning the World's $10,000 prize. May 29, 1910". Detail from a "Supplement to The World" newspaper.
In 1930 Glenn Hammond Curtiss was presented the Congressional Medal of Honor. In an anniversary flight he retraced his Albany to New York route of twenty years before. He passed away on July 23, 1930, in Buffalo, New York, from complications after appendix surgery, and was buried in Pleasant Valley Cemetery in Hammondsport, New York, leaving behind a legacy for the benefit of the entire aviation community. He was inducted into the National Aviation Hall of Fame in 1964, the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in 1990, and the Motorcycle Hall of Fame in 1998.
An engineer, pilot, and aviation buff from Rotterdam, New York, Steve Doherty, is designing a reproduction of the Curtiss
"Hudson Flier" in the hopes of re-enacting the historic Glenn Curtiss flight from the Port of Albany to New York City on the 100th anniversary of the record-breaking endurance flight which took place in 1910. Doherty was inspired to recreate the Curtiss flight after reading a biography, "Glenn Curtiss: Pioneer of Flight", published in 1972 by Doubleday & Co. Doherty is working with the staff and volunteers of the Glenn H. Curtiss Museum in Hammondsport, New York to create a reproduction of the Hudson Flier using a vintage engine from the museum collection. Between trips from Rotterdam to Hammondsport to work on the reproduction plane Doherty has found time to help polish the Curtiss image with friends by stripping and repainting the weathered metal New York State historic marker dedicated to the historic 1910 Curtiss flight.
By Robert Juncosa, 2007
6. The Hudson Flier To Fly Again
This is an engineering model of the Curtiss "Hudson Flier". The drawing was created by engineer Robert Juncosa in his efforts to build a reproduction aircraft to be used to recreate the historic 1910 Curtis Flight.
Also see . . . Glenn H. Curtiss Museum Hammondsport, New York. Dedicated to the memory of pioneer aviator, Glenn Curtiss, the museum contains a priceless collection relating to early aviation and local history. (Submitted on November 3, 2008, by Howard C. Ohlhous of Duanesburg, New York.)
Additional keywords. Glenn Curtis Aviation Hammondsport Motorcycle Speed record Aero Club Albany New York City Pulitzer McEwan Gaynor
biplane Hall of Fame
By Craig Swain, December 26, 2007
7. Curtiss 1911 Model D
One of Curtiss's first customers was the United States Army. The Army Signal Corps purchased its second aircraft from Curtiss (the first being a Wright flyer). The original was scrapped, but the U.S. Air Force Museum in Dayton Ohio built this reproduction to exacting standards using the original drawings.
Categories. • Air & Space •
By Steve Doherty, circa 2007
8. Glenn Curtiss Flight Marker Repainted
Aviation enthusiast and Curtiss admirer Steve Doherty took the time to repaint the Glenn Curtiss Flight historic marker. These are his photos from 2007 showing the marker before, during, and after the new paint job. Nice Work, thanks Mr. Doherty.
Credits. This page originally submitted on , by Howard C. Ohlhous of Duanesburg, New York. This page has been viewed 3,407 times since then and 7 times this year. Last updated on , by Howard C. Ohlhous of Duanesburg, New York. Photos: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. submitted on , by Howard C. Ohlhous of Duanesburg, New York. 7. submitted on , by Craig Swain of Leesburg, Virginia. 8. submitted on , by Howard C. Ohlhous of Duanesburg, New York. • Craig Swain was the editor who published this page. This page was last revised on June 16, 2016.
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Each week a nutritionist from the University of Maryland Medical Center provides a guest post to The Baltimore Sun's health blog Picture of Health (baltimoresun.com/pictureofhealth), which is reprinted here. This week, Faith Hicks weighs in on Super Bowl food.
Imagine a typical Super Bowl party spread: fried chicken wings, meatballs, sour cream and cream cheese dips. This translates into a feast of meat and lots of fat, particularly saturated fat. It will probably be your dinner on gameday, but hardly a "Strive for Five" or "My Plate" meal.
I'm a nutritionist married to a former high-end caterer, and one of my hobbies is throwing parties. I enjoy developing more healthful recipes and menus that guests will be comfortable indulging in without the problems that accompany overindulgence.
Offering a vegetable tray is a good way of making your game day spread well-rounded. Dips can be made with low-fat cream cheese or low-fat or fat-free sour cream. A fruit tray with a yogurt dip is also festive, colorful and healthy. Here are a few recipes for homemade appetizers that are so good your guests won't notice healthy food sneaking on their plates.
16 ounces light cream cheese, softened
1 cup grated parmesan
1 tbsp. rosemary
1 tbsp. thyme
2 large cloves garlic, crushed
1 tbsp. Worcestershire sauce
1/4 tsp. pepper
1/2 tsp. salt
1 10-ounce box frozen chopped spinach, thawed and drained well
1 can artichokes, drained and chopped into 1/2- to 1-inch pieces
In a medium or large bowl with a mixer, blend cream cheese, parmesan, rosemary, thyme, garlic, Worcestershire sauce, salt and pepper. Add a tablespoon or two of milk if needed to make mixture spreadable.
Stir in spinach and artichokes. Spray an oven-proof dish with cooking spray. Spread dip into bowl. Bake at 350 degrees until heated through and top is slightly browned. Serve with toasted pita triangles or toasted baguette slices.
Coconut baked shrimp with sweet chili sauce
(adapted from Allrecipes.com)
2 pounds large shrimp, peeled and deveined, tails on or off
2/3 cup cornstarch
1 tsp. salt
1 tsp. ground red pepper
1 tsp. curry powder
5 egg whites, beaten
4 cups coconut
Rinse shrimp and place on paper towels to dry.
Preheat oven to 375 degrees. Coat a large baking sheet with nonstick spray.
Mix cornstarch, salt and pepper in a medium bowl. Place some of the coconut in another bowl.
Dip each shrimp in the cornstarch, then the egg whites, and then roll in coconut. Continue until all shrimp are coated with coconut, refilling the bowl with fresh coconut as needed.
Bake 10 minutes and turn each shrimp over. Continue baking until coconut is toasted and shrimp is no longer translucent when cut into the center with a knife, about 8-10 minutes.
Sweet chili sauce
1/2 cup sweet and sour sauce
1 tsp. red chili paste or chili garlic paste
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Written by Anna Nikolskaya, CNN
The northern Italian Alps have gone into lockdown, with authorities clamped down on an outbreak of violence that led to the arrest of 100 people and damage to 28 cars.
Trucks have been banned from being carried on Alpine roads, and national tourist police Force Nazionale will assist local police in removing unauthorized groups from the ski resorts of Albertina and Cortina d’Ampezzo.
On Monday, thousands of police were deployed to Albertina and Cortina, and extra order brought in to prevent a repeat of an incident in July at the nearby Hotel Cervinia, which saw managers locked inside the ground floor by around 100 masked and hooded men.
They were described as “organized and armed” by police, who dismantled a drug trafficking ring, and carried away “luxury,” hand-tooled knives in the pile of boot-stuffed books brought up by the suspects.
Albertina Alpine resort, about 25 miles north of Milan. Credit: Maria Medich
Upgrades are underway on ski lifts, hotel front desks, and other facilities, while the local authority has also invested in permanent help for the 2,500 staff that work in the high alpine resorts.
Visitors have been cautioned to keep a close eye on their valuables, and advised to avoid going outside in late morning and early afternoon, when the greatest numbers of tourists arrive.
The holiday season has already begun, and with most British, French, and Germans, on a ski holiday, resorts will be forced to close some runs until all eyes have been diverted to the forthcoming European Championships in football.
A construction worker walks along the piazza in Albertina Alpine resort, about 25 miles north of Milan. Credit: Maria Medich
Given the world’s worst wildfire, the pyro storms, that has burnt some 2.1 million acres, the Italian authorities are determined not to repeat that trouble.
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Laurelhurst Park Tree Tour
What's growing in Laurelhurst Park pond?
A tiny green plant, called Duckweed. Duckweed is a plant native to the region and is a great source of food for fish and birds. It's not harmful to humans or pets. However, it has thrived in this pond. Portland Parks & Recreation will be monitoring the plant in order to bring a better balance to the ecology of the pond over the coming year.
Friends of Laurelhurst Dog Off-Leash Area
The dog off-leash area in this park has been "adopted" by the Friends of Laurelhurst OLA. To volunteer at your neighborhood park, call 503-823-5121.
In 1909, the land that is now Laurelhurst Park was purchased from the estate of William S. Ladd, who developed Ladd's Addition and twice was mayor of Portland. Ladd named his 486-acre parcel Hazel Fern Farm, after the name of one of the streets in the area. Here Ladd developed one of the most prestigious stock farms in the West. In fact, his purebred Jersey cattle probably laid the foundation for Oregon's future livestock industry. As East Portland developed, Ladd's tract of land became too valuable for agricultural use. Ladd sold his land for over $1,000,000 to the Laurelhurst Company around the turn of the century.
A spring-fed pond on the property had always been a favorite watering hole for cattle, as well as a favorite swimming hole for both children and adults. In 1911, seeing the potential for a park as part of the Olmsted Plan, the City of Portland bought 30 of the acres, including the pond.
In 1912, Emanuel Mische, Portland's park superintendent from 1908-1914, designed the park based on his experience as the longtime horticultural expert for the Olmsted Brothers landscape architecture firm. Inspired by the Olmstedian 'natural' landscaping approach, his plan included several distinct sections - the concert grove, Firwood Lake, children's lawn, plateau and broad meadows, picnic grove, and Rhododendron Hill. Workers were hired to deepen the pond into a 3-acre lake. A 'play park' was developed between Oak and Stark Streets. The boys were to play on the south side, the girls on the north side, and general games were to be held in the eastern block. The park's comfort station building was added in 1914 and a series of paths and sidewalks were lit by electric lights in 1915.
Laurelhurst Park is a perfect example of the City Beautiful Movement in landscaping. In 1919, the park was named the most beautiful park on the west coast by the Pacific Coast Parks Association. Thanks to the efforts of the Portland Historical Landmarks Commission, in February 2001 Laurelhurst Park was named to the National Register of Historic Places.
For years, the Rose Festival Queen's Coronation took place in the Laurelhurst Park pond on floating boats and decorated rafts. The event drew thousands of onlookers who were attracted to the music, dancing, and pageantry. In the 1950s, Easter Sunrise Services were held, drawing thousands of people. In the park's early years, the pond was patrolled by a white swan named General Pershing (for his militant attitude). He forbade anyone to approach the edge of the lakeshore. In later years a black-beaked, black-toed swan named Big Boy was lake marshall. A man, known only as Mr. Martinson, fed Big Boy every day for 15 years. Mr. Martinson taught Big Boy to nod his head and honk "Hello!"
Laurelhurst Park's ideal duck population is ten male/female pairs. In 1987, the normal duck population was at 120, with seasonal visitors sometimes boosting numbers over 200. PP&R wanted to reduce the duck population in order to clear up the murkiness from the lake water. An adopt-a-duck venture was unsuccessful because the company hired to catch the birds was unable to trick the birds into their traps.
In 1990, nearly 20,000 catfish, carp, and black crappie fish were stirring up sediment on the lake's bottom. In addition, the water was smelly because of the overcrowding. The Oregon Bass and Panfish Club tried to deplete the fish population to no avail. Today, thousands of fish still inhabit the lake, along with the ducks and turtles.
- Street parking
- Paved pathway to play area
- 250 feet to play area
- Engineered mulch surface
- Ramp into play area
- Transfer station
- Sensory play elements
- Adapted high-back swing
- Ramp onto play structure
- Accessible restroom
- Accessible picnic table
- Picnic site
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Conference: Plastics 360 2014 - Impacts & Possibilities
Join us for a comprehensive review of research on plastic in the oceans, plastic toxicity, the costs of disposability, and ways that we each can shift to more life-sustaining materials. Local leaders in health, conservation, and resource recovery will describe issues and solutions to the plague of plastic pollution.
Rebecca Braslau, chemistry professor, UC Santa Cruz
Joe Mueller, biologist & instructor, College of Marin
Wallace J. Nichols, PhD, marine biologist, author of the forthcoming Blue Mind.
Chris Pincetich, PhD, marine biologist
Beth Terry, author, www.myplasticfreelife.com
Light, earth-friendly snacks will be provided at registration (9:30-10:00 am).
BYO snacks if you like!
And . . . Brown bag lunch conversation to discuss specific strategies and campaigns for helping schools, businesses, or your city to reduce single-use plastic waste (1:15-2:00 pm). Artisan pizza to be served for all pre-registered attendees (BYO extras). Courtesy of Jules Thin Crust Pizza, with stores in Danville & Oakland.
What you will gain
Learn more about plastics where they come from, our complex relationship with them, their infiltration into our bodies and our environment, and where we are heading
Discuss ways to maintain the benefits of plastics while eliminating the negative impacts of litter, waste, and toxicity
Network with leaders in the campaign to end plastic pollution
Develop your own plan of action for reducing waste and minimizing your exposures to toxic plastic chemicals
Enjoy relaxing meditation and a mindful movement break.
$35 pre-registration by Mar 26; $45 at the door ($25 for Green Sangha members & students with current ID.
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- Get Involved
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Attributes of Aguna metophis
Aguna metophis (Latreille, )
Identification: Wings are brown; hindwings are tailed. Wing bases are blue-green on the upperside. Underside of hindwing has a narrow white median band which is blurred along its outer edge.
Wing Span: 1 7/16 - 1 7/8 inches (3.7 - 4.8 cm).
Life History: Not reported.
Flight: August-November in South Texas, all year in Mexico.
Caterpillar Hosts: In Mexico, Bauhinia mexicana in the pea family (Fabaceae).
Adult Food: Flower nectar.
Habitat: Tropical thorn scrub.
Range: Southern Brazil north through Central America to Mexico. Regularly strays to the lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas.
Conservation: Not necessary for a rare stray.
NCGR: G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
Management Needs: None reported.
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The front gate of Weifang camp, through which hundreds of prisoners rushed to welcome their liberators ...
50 Years Ago
Journey To Freedom
On the eve of the anniversary of VJ Day, Dr Norman Cliff recalls his rescue from Weifang prison camp in north China.
On a hot day in August 1945, in Weihsien (now known as Weifang) away in the countryside of Shandong, north China, 1,500 civilian prisoners of the Japanese, including a hundred children of missionaries with the China Inland Mission, were doing their normal manual tasks - pumping water, stirring thin soup in large Chinese cauldrons, chopping wood and sifting coal.
For over two years, all the "enemy subjects" of north China had been kept prisoner behind electrified wires in this former mission compound, 200 yards by 150 yards.
They were a motley crowd of people - from very young to very old, all in tattered clothes and with sunburnt complexions. They were a microcosm of any modern metropolis.
There were Protestant missionaries of many societies, Catholic priests and nuns of many orders, businessmen of the large, commercial companies, professors and teachers of various educational institutions, night club musicians, as well as the dropouts of Western society.
What they knew about events in the outside world, and of the war theatre in particular, was meagre indeed.
One night 14 months previously, when the Japanese soldiers were changing guard and therefore momentarily disorganised, and the full moon shining on the sentry tower cast its long shadow over a large area of the outside wall, two men had made a well planned escape, with the help of fellow prisoners, through the electrified wires. They had joined a guerrilla band 100 miles from the camp. Later, an American plane parachuted a radio to them.
These two men had been conveying the barest news of the war to the Weihsien camp prisoners in a most ingenious way.
Chinese labourers entered the camp daily to clear the cess pools. At the gates, they were carefully searched by Japanese guards, and often were hit with the butts of rifles.
One of their number had information wrapped in a pellet stuffed up his nose, and on passing a particular rubbish dump, cleared his sinuses and thus discharged his message.
From these terse newsflashes, it was clear to the prisoners that Japan was losing the war in the Far East, and was on the point of surrender.
This was good news indeed, but it held with it fear and uncertainty. Japanese guards had told some internees by gestures that should their country lose the war, they would shoot us, and then fall on their swords.
Thus it was that on Friday 17 August 1945, the prisoners in Weihsien heard the distant drone of a plane. The sound grew louder, and somehow it sounded more musical than the Japanese planes they had heard in recent years.
Instinctively each person felt: `This is it - the end is here!' Dropping their work, hundreds of people rushed outside, and looked skywards.
The welcome news from the sky ...
An American B24 was flying overhead, trying to identify the camp from the many Chinese villages in the countryside. Soiled British and American flags, which had been concealed in the bottoms of trunks "for the duration" were hastily unpacked and waved to the sky.
The plane circled lower and lower, closer and closer, and then, believe it or not beyond the treetops in front of the main gate it disgorged a parachute with an airman, who came fluttering gently down. Then six others in quick succession.
Pandemonium followed. Prisoners cheered, danced and shouted with excitement. Ignoring the existence of Japanese guards and camp regulations, which had controlled their every move out of the front gate to welcome their liberators from the skies.
Racing across the cornfields, they found the new arrivals lying behind mounds (which were Chinese graves), poised with guns and ready for any eventuality. They were soon hoisted shoulder high, and carried as heroes into the camp.
The following weeks brought many changes to our mode of living. The sudden cessation of fighting in the Pacific meant that supplies of food, medicines and clothes were no longer needed in the war theatre, and so these were dropped over civilian camps in Weihsien and Shanghai.
Planes arrived almost daily, bringing packages of powdered milk, butter, Spam, chocolate, sugar, as well as khaki uniforms, underwear and medical drugs.
I stood one day in front of the Japanese guard room, looking up into the sky. Blue, green and red parachutes were floating down from the silver bellies of American military planes onto the cornfields half a mile in front of me.
All the things which we had so desperately needed during those two years of imprisonment were falling from the skies in abundance. Manna was coming down from heaven. I recalled the words of the psalmist: "Thou spreadest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies. My cup runneth over. Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life; and I will dwell in the house of the Lord forever" (Psalm 23).
On 25 September, five weeks after our dramatic rescue from the skies, I clambered on to a lorry with other internees. We were at last going out into the world outside to rejoin our parents and live lives of freedom.
As we travelled to the station, leaving behind that large property with wires around it, which had been our involuntary home all those months, I could not help thinking also of the spiritual and practical lessons which I had learned inside those walls.
An American missionary and camp leader had written in a friend's autograph album these perceptive words: "Weihsien is the test - whether a man's happiness depends on what he has, or what he is; on outer circumstances or inner heart; on life's experiences, good and bad - or on what he makes out of the materials these experience provide." Or, as Alexander SOLZHENITSYN wrote after he left his Soviet cell: "Bless you prison, bless you for having been in my life." Or, as the apostle Paul could say: "We know that all that happens to us is working for our good, if we love God and are fitting into his plans" (Romans 8:28, Living Bible).
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While the world begins to build the infrastructure of a future hydrogen economy, the economics of global trade in carbon-free hydrogen are becoming more clear. Among countries expected to find significant opportunities in that future market is Saudi Arabia.
According to a recent report from a notable Riyadh-based research institute, green hydrogen produced from electrolysis could begin to ship to the Port of Rotterdam in 2030 at prices quite competitive with European hydrogen, depending partly upon the shipping method used.
The researchers also see significant potential for hydrogen in KSA’s domestic industry. Hydrogen and hydrogen-based fuels could replace gray hydrogen, strengthening Saudi export potential in a range of products as more costs are imposed on carbon emissions worldwide.
They see great potential for both blue (with carbon capture) and green (with renewable energy) hydrogen, with technology and production costs gradually falling for both types. Their outlook for blue is more positive than that of some recent analyses, which foresees green hydrogen beating blue on price in many regions of the world by 2030.
But Saudi Arabia’s apparent advantages in producing low-cost hydrogen of both types may allow it to develop each for the long term. Therefore the researchers advocate a balanced approach, anticipating regional specialization within the country.
The report, “The Economics and Resource Potential of Hydrogen Production in Saudi Arabia” by the King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (KAPSARC), was issued in March.
The KAPSARC researchers look at realistic cost scenarios based on realistic assumptions about the price of natural gas in Saudi Arabia, and the cost of electricity from renewable sources. The anticipated costs and capacity factors of electrolysis systems are also carefully considered.
Saudi Arabia is already a large consumer of hydrogen for its refinery and chemicals industries; primarily ‘gray’ hydrogen produced with high carbon emissions. It is by far the cheapest way to produce the gas at about $0.90/kg. But costs of blue and especially green hydrogen are expected to decline substantially in the next few years.
Blue hydrogen gains an advantage from Saudi Arabia’s huge production of natural gas and its closed market for it. KSA neither exports nor imports natural gas and maintains a low price, currently at $1.25/MMBtu. At this price, the cost of producing blue hydrogen could fall from the current $1.34/kg to $1.13/kg by 2030. This assumes ongoing cost reductions in carbon capture & storage (CCS) methods as these scale up.
The cost of green hydrogen is highly dependent on the cost of electricity from renewable sources and electrolysis. It is $2.16/kg today based on an electricity price of $18.3/MWh (an average of auction prices for new solar projects in Saudi Arabia). The researchers see that this cost could fall to $1.48/kg by 2030, if renewable energy costs fall to $13/MWh.
The cost of green hydrogen production in KSA could fall further to $1/kg by 2050. Reaching the vaunted $1/kg target assumes electrolyser capital costs drop to $400 per kilowatt, with renewable energy costs falling below $10/MWh, both realistic scenarios.
The researchers see an enormous advantage in KSA’s ability to achieve high capacity factors in its production of renewable electricity. They assert that capacity factors can reach 60% in the production of renewable power in Saudi Arabia; that it is possible with a PV-Wind hybrid system. In fact, large areas of the country, especially in the western region, are favorable for diurnal (day and night) solar and wind energy production. This greatly surpasses, for example, wind power in Europe with capacity factors of approximately 35%.
With this advantage, however, a carbon price in some form will still need to be imposed in Saudi Arabia. The report says that green hydrogen will be competitive with grey hydrogen by 2030, at the current domestic natural gas price of $1.25/MMBtu and a carbon price of about $65 per tonne.
Assuming a green hydrogen production cost of $1.48/kg by 2030, the delivered cost of hydrogen from Saudi Arabia’s western region to the Port of Rotterdam via the Suez Canal can be quite competitive.
To estimate it, the researchers also make assumptions about conversion to carrier, shipping and dehydrogenation costs. They think liquid hydrogen can arrive at Rotterdam in 2030 with a delivery cost averaging between about $3.50/kg and $4.50/kg. This compares favorably to the expected cost of green hydrogen production in Europe, which according to recent research will be between $3/kg and $5/kg in 2030.
While it appears that Saudi hydrogen exports to Europe can be competitively priced, much will depend on the type of carrier used. Methods for the sea transport of liquid hydrogen, or in the form of a liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC), are still in development. Ammonia is a proven carrier of hydrogen energy, but it requires cracking the ammonia back to hydrogen (dehydrogenation) if pure hydrogen is needed. This adds an additional cost ranging from $1/kg to $2/kg according to recent research.
To avoid this potential cost, the KAPSARC researchers suggest that Saudi producers look for opportunities to trade ammonia for direct use, whether blue or green. Markets may be found by substituting for gray ammonia in the production of fertilizers. New applications, such as blue ammonia for power generation in Japan, may also open opportunities for export.
They also advocate for de-carbonizing domestic industries, such as ammonia and methanol plants, by switching them to low-cost blue or green hydrogen. This conversion could extend to other domestic industries, such as steel, cement and aluminum. The researchers also see potential in the transport sector, with new fuel cell applications and sustainable jet fuel.
This strategy could lower the country’s carbon footprint while also opening new opportunities for the production of carbon-neutral products for export. Low-carbon hydrogen would lower the carbon content of many industries’ finished products, thereby better positioning them for international markets as carbon policies become more stringent worldwide.
Regions green and blue
Saudi Arabia’s vast territory suggests that regional specialization for hydrogen production is feasible. The KAPSARC report sees two general regions where unique combinations of infrastructure and natural features could make hydrogen production costs among the lowest in the world, for both green and blue hydrogen.
The country’s eastern region, with its great apparatus of oil and gas production, refining, and chemical industries, has much of the infrastructure in place to support the development of a blue hydrogen industry. This includes access to deep saline aquifers for CO2 storage.
The western region enjoys very strong solar and wind resources to produce low-cost electricity for green hydrogen production. The NEOM project, in the northwest, is already the site of what is planned to be one of the largest green ammonia production plants in the world. Its hydrogen will be used to produce ammonia intended largely for export.
These unique regional advantages may allow KSA to pursue a broad hydrogen strategy that encompasses both green and blue hydrogen.
Whether such a regional strategy proves viable will depend on the relative costs of blue and green hydrogen. Recent analysis by BloombergNEF, which looks at costs in 28 countries, shows that blue hydrogen will not be viable in many parts of the world in 2030. Even in countries such as the United States, with relatively inexpensive natural gas, green hydrogen from renewable power will cost less to produce than blue hydrogen in 2030, according to this analysis.
But the case may be different in KSA, which was not among the countries modeled in the BloombergNEF analysis.
“The competitiveness of blue hydrogen would depend on the price at which gas is acquired from Aramco,” says Antoine Vagneur-Jones, head of Trade and Supply Chains at BloombergNEF, currently working on a forthcoming report on Middle East & North Africa hydrogen exports.
“Existing production, transport and storage infrastructure, and a local hydrocarbon value chains are of course advantages when scaling blue H2,” he says.
Vagneur-Jones cautions that opportunities for blue hydrogen export may be limited by competition and by external constraints. Europe’s emerging demand for hydrogen imports may be restricted by the mandate for green hydrogen. Meanwhile, places looking to import blue hydrogen, such as Japan, may find a closer low-cost supplier, namely Australia.
Therefore he thinks that Saudi Arabia’s green hydrogen is destined for export while its blue variety will help decarbonize local hydrogen consumption (which, at 2.29 million metric tons per year in 2019, is the largest in the Middle East by far).
“Local gray hydrogen is used to make methanol and refined oil products, both of which are high potential sectors for low-carbon hydrogen use,” he says.
By Alan P. Mammoser for Oilprice.com
More Top Reads From Oilprice.com:
- Middle East Producers Move To Cut Prices As Extreme Backwardation Eases
- Mexico's Spend On Fuel Subsidy Is Double Its Oil Exports Revenue
- Biden Administration Seeks Restart Of Idled Oil Refineries
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In this course you will learn the 234 kanji required to take the N2 TFPL exam. Writing Kanji on paper is a good way to remember Kanji. There are 9 sections, and each section contains 26 kanji. You can click the [Curriculum] button next to the [Overview] button to learn this course. Hello, my name is Marshall.
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| 0.861987
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Runner’s knee or, to give it its more technical name, patella femoral pain syndrome (PFPS), is typical in runners but can also occur in the more inactive members of the population.
Pain may be sharp and localised or more achy and diffuse. Sufferers often complain of pain not only when running, but when going down stairs and walking. The pain arises from the knee cap (patella) not sitting snugly in its groove on the thigh bone (femur), which results in tissue irritation and pain.
It is difficult to isolate a specific reason and the problem is often multifactorial, typically at least one or more of the below can cause PFPS.
In short, go to see a physiotherapist.
A good physio will do a biomechanical assessment to assess strength, movement control and tissue tightness in both static and dynamic postures.
Treatment includes a combination of exercises to simply stretch what’s tight, strengthen what’s weak and improve the movement control wherever it’s lacking. They may also advise you on footwear or suggest you see a podiatrist. Training will need to be modified according to how painful your knee is at the time, and this can be guided by your physio.
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Description: Bodies up to 1/4″ long are covered with white
powdery wax. Colonies look like small tufts of cotton
along veins on underside of leaves and at base of leaf
stems. They infest most houseplants, plus apple, grape,
peach, pear trees. Infested fruits are disfigured and
covered with dark mold. Mealybugs extract plant juices,
causing dwarfing, wilting, and early fruit drop. On
houseplants and flowers they cause color loss, wilting,
and eventual death of affected parts.
Solution: Oil-AwayTM Insecticidal
Spray or Eco-OilTM Insecticidal
Spray provides excellent control. Green Lacewings provide good control
and are more effective at cooler temperatures than other
mealybug predators. PyolaTM Insecticidal
Spray is also useful.
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http://www.backyardgardener.com/garden-tip-articles/plant-disease/mealybug-how-to-contrl/
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| 0.87936
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Middle Ordovician – Middle Permian
Trochonematidae is an extinct family of facultatively mobile epifaunal suspension feeders
Description of the Family
- Turbiniform shell
- Perforate or imperforate
- Surface of shell exhibits several strong revolving ridges or numerous spiral striae
- Shell has nacreous lining
Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part I (1960) (Same as Superfamily Trochonematacea):
- Turbiniform, with channel at labrum within a spiral angulation about midway between sutures or higher on whorl, or with shallow sinus at about the same position; ornament spiral angulations, threads or cords, or rows of nodes, with collabral threads or growth lines; shell with nacreous lining.
Ulrich & Scofield (1897):
- Shells trochoid, turbiniform or somewhat planorbiform, perforate or imperforate; margin of aperture entire, simple, rarely trumpet-shaped, sometimes with a wide angled notch and carina in the upper or outer part; no slit nor distinguishable band; surface with several strong revolving ridges or more numerous spiral striae; test very slightly or not at all nacreous. Operculum unknown, probably incapable of preservation.
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| 0.839178
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| 3
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WV General Summative Assessment
How will this help my child succeed?
Is it only about computers?
What will they do when they grow up?
21st Century Skills
Homework Help - Math
Activity links for math online at The EdVenture Group
Drilling Multiplication Tables of 2, 3, 10, and 5
A parent's guide to helping your child learn math
Literacy and numeracy tip sheets for parents
Little Scientists tips for teaching math and science through hands-on experience
Math, Science, And Girls - closing the gender gap
Summer Math Fun from Thinkfinity:
Primary Krypto (K-8)
Tower of Hanoi (6-12)
Michael J. Martirano, Ed.D.
State Superintendent of Schools
Michael I. Green
President, West Virginia Board of Education
Download Adobe Acrobat Reader
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http://wvde.state.wv.us/parents21/math.html
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A pair of moderate earthquakes shook northwest Oklahoma late Wednesday night, part of the latest swarm of Sooner State temblors since Wednesday morning.
A 4.7-magnitude tremor was followed 30 seconds later by another 4.8-magnitude quake centered in a sparsely populated area about 20 miles northwest of Fairview, Oklahoma, about 97 miles northwest of Oklahoma City. The quakes struck at depths of 2.1 and 3.7 miles below the surface.
The twin earthquakes occurred at 10:27 p.m. CST Wednesday night and were felt from central Kansas to southern Oklahoma and the eastern Texas panhandle, including in Wichita, Kansas, and the Oklahoma City metropolitan area.
There were no reported injuries in either Majors or Woods Counties, near the epicenter of the twin quakes, according to newsok.com.
The 4.8-magnitude quake was the strongest in the Sooner State since the November 2011 swarm that included the state’s strongest on record, a 5.6-magnitude temblor in Prague on Nov. 6, 2011. It was the fourth strongest quake on record in Oklahoma, according to the Oklahoma Geological Survey (OGS).
This was one of 22 separate earthquakes of magnitude 2.5 or greater reported in Oklahoma within a 13-hour span from Wednesday evening through Thursday morning. Nineteen of those, including the two strongest quakes mentioned above, were clustered in southern Woods County, and another three were reported in the far northern Oklahoma City metro area east-northeast of Edmond.
In 2015, 907 quakes of magnitude 3.0 or greater were reported in Oklahoma, up from 584 in 2014, according to KFOR-TV.
There were only 42 such earthquakes in the state in 2010 and 1 such tremor in 2005.
According to the USGS, there have been 27 such earthquakes already in 2016, the most recent occurring near Fairview at 7:40 a.m. Thursday.
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scroll to top
Stuck on your essay?
Get ideas from this essay and see how your work stacks up
Word Count: 1,541
The History and Rise of Internet in the Business World By Andre E-mail aa116unix 1ccacedu Introduction The history of the Internet traces its roots to the United States government The original use of the information system was to maintain communication during the cold war with the Soviet Union in 1969 by the Department of Defense incase of a nuclear attack or a major catastrophe The National Science foundation created the Internet based on the ARPAnet The first mass connection was between the University of California Santa Barbara Stanford Research Institute the University of Utah and the University of California Los AngelesRay Tomlinson develops E-mail in 1972The ARPAnet became obsolete in 1982 but the basis for the program is still used at the present time The Web began in 1989it wasnt released to the world till the early 90s thats when it became the World Wide Web In 1993 Marc Andressen created software for the Internet to publish text images and sound Andressen also introduced the first graphical Web browser called Mosaic still in use today The United States runs most of the access to the Internet with 62 of all the routers next closest is the United Kingdom with 52 That is just an example of what America controls much on the Internet 70 of the writing on the Internet is in English next is Japanese Statistics say 1 in 3 people use the Internet for E- Mail 1 in 6 use it because they want to find out how it works 1 in 8 want business information and 1 in 2 go to the Internet for education hobbies job listings and entertainment In 1993 less than 1 of users paid for use of the Internet By 1995 it rose to over 200 due to the profits companies made from the providing this service This became a common change that businesses have made since the beginning of the information highway It
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| 0.940245
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| 2.328125
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Ok in this section we are considering soldering iron cleaning and maintenance. You might feel that solder iron tip maintenance as being pretty insignificant, but if you think about it if the solder tip yo use is contaminated then any joint you make will also be contaminated. A contaminated joint will nearly always fail it is just a matter of time. So you can see getting a uncontaminated join is really important.
To prevent oxidation of the soldering tip it is necessary to always have a thin layer of solder on the iron tip. Most soldering stations come with a cellulose sponge with a hole in the center. The hole section is used to clear any debris off the solder tip , after clearing off the debris just tap the soldering iron on the wet sponge before you reapply with new solder.
After you have finished soldering it is important to clean off the tip of your soldering iron. It is useful to have a wire cleaner which are great for cleaning off any bits and pieces of the tip . The way you use it is to charge your soldering iron up with new solder and then stabbing the tip into the cleaning wire. The wire acts like a brush and cleans off all the excess leaving you with a new looking clean soldering iron tip.
Te bottom line is that a clean soldering iron tip is going to last a lot longer and give you stronger joints.
Back to soldering station info
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The Huygens–Fresnel principle (named after Dutch physicist Christiaan Huygens and French physicist Augustin-Jean Fresnel) states that every point on a wavefront is itself the source of spherical wavelets, and the secondary wavelets emanating from different points mutually interfere. The sum of these spherical wavelets forms a new wavefront. As such, the Huygens-Fresnel principle is a method of analysis applied to problems of luminous wave propagation both in the far-field limit and in near-field diffraction as well as reflection.
In 1678, Huygens proposed that every point to which a luminous disturbance reaches becomes a source of a spherical wave; the sum of these secondary waves determines the form of the wave at any subsequent time. He assumed that the secondary waves travelled only in the "forward" direction and it is not explained in the theory why this is the case. He was able to provide a qualitative explanation of linear and spherical wave propagation, and to derive the laws of reflection and refraction using this principle, but could not explain the deviations from rectilinear propagation that occur when light encounters edges, apertures and screens, commonly known as diffraction effects. The resolution of this error was finally explained by David A. B. Miller in 1991. The resolution is that the source is a dipole (not the monopole assumed by Huygens), which cancels in the reflected direction.
In 1818, Fresnel showed that Huygens's principle, together with his own principle of interference could explain both the rectilinear propagation of light and also diffraction effects. To obtain agreement with experimental results, he had to include additional arbitrary assumptions about the phase and amplitude of the secondary waves, and also an obliquity factor. These assumptions have no obvious physical foundation but led to predictions that agreed with many experimental observations, including the Poisson spot.
Poisson was a member of the French Academy, which reviewed Fresnel's work. He used Fresnel's theory to predict that a bright spot ought to appear in the center of the shadow of a small disc, and deduced from this that the theory was incorrect. However, Arago, another member of the committee, performed the experiment and showed that the prediction was correct. (Lisle had observed this fifty years earlier.[dubious ]) This was one of the investigations that led to the victory of the wave theory of light over then predominant corpuscular theory.
Huygens' principle as a microscopic modelEdit
The Huygens–Fresnel principle provides a reasonable basis for understanding and predicting the classical wave propagation of light. However, there are limitations to the principle, namely the same approximations done for deriving the Kirchhoff's diffraction formula and the approximations of near field due to Fresnel. These can be summarized in the fact that the wavelength of light is much smaller than the dimensions of any optical components encountered.
Kirchhoff's diffraction formula provides a rigorous mathematical foundation for diffraction, based on the wave equation. The arbitrary assumptions made by Fresnel to arrive at the Huygens–Fresnel equation emerge automatically from the mathematics in this derivation.
A simple example of the operation of the principle can be seen when an open doorway connects two rooms and a sound is produced in a remote corner of one of them. A person in the other room will hear the sound as if it originated at the doorway. As far as the second room is concerned, the vibrating air in the doorway is the source of the sound.
Modern physics interpretationsEdit
Not all experts agree that the Huygens' principle is an accurate microscopic representation of reality. For instance, Melvin Schwartz argued that "Huygens' principle actually does give the right answer but for the wrong reasons".
This can be reflected in the following facts:
- The microscopic mechanics to create photons and of emission, in general, is essentially acceleration of electrons.
- The original analysis of Huygens included amplitudes only. It includes neither phases nor waves propagating at different speeds (due to diffraction within continuous media), and therefore does not take into account interference.
- The Huygens analysis also does not include polarization for light which imply a vector potential, where instead sound waves can be described with a scalar potential and there is no unique and natural translation between the two.
- In the Huygens description, there is no explanation of why we choose only the forward-going (retarded wave or forward envelope of wave fronts) versus the backward-propagating advanced wave (backward envelope).
- In the Fresnel approximation there is a concept of non-local behavior due to the sum of spherical waves with different phases that comes from the different points of the wave front, and non local theories are subject of many debates (e.g., not being Lorentz covariant) and of active research.
- The Fresnel approximation can be interpreted in a quantum probabilistic manner but is unclear how much this sum of states (i.e., wavelets on the wavefront) is a complete list of states that are meaningful physically or represents more of an approximation on a generic basis like in the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) method.
The Huygens' principle is essentially compatible with quantum field theory in the far field approximation, considering effective fields in the center of scattering, considering small perturbations, and in the same sense that quantum optics is compatible with classical optics, other interpretations are subject of debates and active research.
The Feynman model where every point in an imaginary wave front as large as the room is generating a wavelet, shall also be interpreted in these approximations and in a probabilistic context, in this context remote points can only contribute minimally to the overall probability amplitude.
Quantum field theory does not include any microscopic model for photon creation and the concept of single photon is also put under scrutiny on a theoretical level.
Mathematical expression of the principleEdit
Consider the case of a point source located at a point P0, vibrating at a frequency f. The disturbance may be described by a complex variable U0 known as the complex amplitude. It produces a spherical wave with wavelength λ, wavenumber k = 2π/λ. Within a constant of proportionality, the complex amplitude of the primary wave at the point Q located at a distance r0 from P0 is:
Note that magnitude decreases in inverse proportion to the distance travelled, and the phase changes as k times the distance travelled.
Using Huygens's theory and the principle of superposition of waves, the complex amplitude at a further point P is found by summing the contributions from each point on the sphere of radius r0. In order to get agreement with experimental results, Fresnel found that the individual contributions from the secondary waves on the sphere had to be multiplied by a constant, −i/λ, and by an additional inclination factor, K(χ). The first assumption means that the secondary waves oscillate at a quarter of a cycle out of phase with respect to the primary wave, and that the magnitude of the secondary waves are in a ratio of 1:λ to the primary wave. He also assumed that K(χ) had a maximum value when χ = 0, and was equal to zero when χ = π/2, where χ is the angle between the normal of the primary wave front and the normal of the secondary wave front. The complex amplitude at P, due to the contribution of secondary waves, is then given by:
where S describes the surface of the sphere, and s is the distance between Q and P.
Fresnel used a zone construction method to find approximate values of K for the different zones, which enabled him to make predictions that were in agreement with experimental results. The integral theorem of Kirchhoff includes the basic idea of Huygens–Fresnel principle. Kirchhoff showed that in many cases, the theorem can be approximated to a simpler form that is equivalent to the formation of Fresnel's formulation.
For an aperture illumination consisting of a single expanding spherical wave, if the radius of the curvature of the wave is sufficiently large, Kirchhoff gave the following expression for K(χ):
K has a maximum value at χ = 0 as in the Huygens–Fresnel principle; however, K is not equal to zero at χ = π/2, but at χ = π.
Above derivation of K(χ) assumed that the diffracting aperture is illuminated by a single spherical wave with a sufficiently large radius of curvature. However, the principle holds for more general illuminations. An arbitrary illumination can be decomposed into a collection of point sources, and the linearity of the wave equation can be invoked to apply the principle to each point source individually. K(χ) can be generally expressed as:
In this case, K satisfies the conditions stated above (maximum value at χ = 0 and zero at χ = π/2).
Generalized Huygens' principleEdit
Feynman defines the generalized principle in the following way:
"Actually Huygens’ principle is not correct in optics. It is replaced by Kirchoff’s [sic] modification which requires that both the amplitude and its derivative must be known on the adjacent surface. This is a consequence of the fact that the wave equation in optics is second order in the time. The wave equation of quantum mechanics is first order in the time; therefore, Huygens’ principle is correct for matter waves, action replacing time."
This clarifies the fact that in this context the generalized principle reflects the linearity of quantum mechanics and the fact that the quantum mechanics equations are first order in time. Finally only in this case the superposition principle fully apply, i.e. the wave function in a point P can be expanded as a superposition of waves on a border surface enclosing P. Wave functions can be interpreted in the usual quantum mechanical sense as probability densities where the formalism of Green's functions and propagators apply. What is note-worthy is that this generalized principle is applicable for "matter waves" and not for light waves any more. The phase factor is now clarified as given by the action and there is no more confusion why the phases of the wavelets are different from the one of the original wave and modified by the additional Fresnel parameters.
As per Greiner the generalized principle can be expressed for in the form:
Where G is the usual Green function that propagates in time the wave function . This description resembles and generalize the initial Fresnel's formula of the classical model.
Huygens' theory, Feynman's path integral and the modern photon wave functionEdit
Huygens' theory served as a fundamental explanation of the wave nature of light interference and was further developed by Fresnel and Young but did not fully resolve all observations such as the low-intensity double-slit experiment first performed by G. I. Taylor in 1909. It was not until the early and mid-1900s that quantum theory discussions, particularly the early discussions at the 1927 Brussels Solvay Conference, where Louis de Broglie proposed his de Broglie hypothesis that the photon is guided by a wave function.
The wave function presents a much different explanation of the observed light and dark bands in a double slit experiment. In this conception, the photon follows a path which is a probabilistic choice of one of many possible paths in the electromagnetic field. These probable paths form the pattern: in dark areas, no photons are landing, and in bright areas, many photons are landing. The set of possible photon paths is consistent with Richard Feynman's path integral theory, the paths determined by the surroundings: the photon's originating point (atom), the slit, and the screen and by tracking and summing phases. The wave function is a solution to this geometry. The wave function approach was further supported by additional double-slit experiments in Italy and Japan in the 1970s and 1980s with electrons.
Huygens' principle and quantum field theoryEdit
Huygens' principle can be seen as a consequence of the homogeneity of space—space is uniform in all locations. Any disturbance created in a sufficiently small region of homogeneous space (or in a homogeneous medium) propagates from that region in all geodesic directions. The waves produced by this disturbance, in turn, create disturbances in other regions, and so on. The superposition of all the waves results in the observed pattern of wave propagation.
Homogeneity of space is fundamental to quantum field theory (QFT) where the wave function of any object propagates along all available unobstructed paths. When integrated along all possible paths, with a phase factor proportional to the action, the interference of the wave-functions correctly predicts observable phenomena. Every point on the wavefront acts as the source of secondary wavelets that spread out in the light cone with the same speed as the wave. The new wavefront is found by constructing the surface tangent to the secondary wavelets.
In other spatial dimensionsEdit
In 1900, Jacques Hadamard observed that Huygens' principle was broken when the number of spatial dimensions is even. From this, he developed a set of conjectures that remain an active topic of research. In particular, it has been discovered that Huygens' principle holds on a large class of homogeneous spaces derived from the Coxeter group (so, for example, the Weyl groups of simple Lie algebras).
- "Huygens' Principle". MathPages. Retrieved 2017-10-03.
- Chr. Huygens, Traité de la Lumière (drafted 1678; published in Leyden by Van der Aa, 1690), translated by Silvanus P. Thompson as Treatise on Light (London: Macmillan, 1912; Project Gutenberg edition, 2005), p.19.
- Heavens, O. S.; Ditchburn, R. W. (1987). Insight into Optics. Chichester: Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-92769-4.
- Miller, David A. B. (1991). "Huygens's wave propagation principle corrected". Optics Letters. 16 (18): 1370–1372. Bibcode:1991OptL...16.1370M. doi:10.1364/OL.16.001370. PMID 19776972. S2CID 16872264.
- A. Fresnel, "Mémoire sur la diffraction de la lumière" (deposited 1818, "crowned" 1819), in Oeuvres complètes (Paris: Imprimerie impériale, 1866–70), vol.1, pp. 247–363; partly translated as "Fresnel's prize memoir on the diffraction of light", in H. Crew (ed.), The Wave Theory of Light: Memoirs by Huygens, Young and Fresnel, American Book Co., 1900, pp. 81–144. (Not to be confused with the earlier work of the same title in Annales de Chimie et de Physique, 1:238–81, 1816.)
- Born, Max; Wolf, Emil (1999). Principles of Optics. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-64222-4.
- Balanis, Constantine A. (2012). Advanced Engineering Electromagnetics. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 328–331. ISBN 978-0-470-58948-9.
- Balanis, Constantine A. (2005). Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design (3rd ed.). John Wiley and Sons. p. 333. ISBN 047166782X.
- Klein, M. V.; Furtak, T. E. (1986). Optics (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-84311-3.
- "Huygens". Archive.org. Retrieved 2020-07-02.
- "TheoryOfHuygens". Archive.org. 1939.
- "Los Alamos Science". 2002.
- J. Goodman (2005). Introduction to Fourier Optics (3rd ed.). Roberts & Co Publishers. ISBN 978-0-9747077-2-3.
- Greiner W. Quantum Electrodynamics. Springer, 2002.
- Enders, Peter (2009). "Huygens' Principle as Universal Model of Propagation" (PDF). Latin-American Journal of Physics Education. 3 (1): 19–32.
- Feynman, R. P. (1 April 1948). "Space-Time Approach to Non-Relativistic Quantum Mechanics". Reviews of Modern Physics. 20 (2): 367–387. Bibcode:1948RvMP...20..367F. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.20.367.
- Baggott, Jim (2011). The Quantum Story. Oxford Press. p. 116. ISBN 978-0-19-965597-7.
- Peter, Rodgers (September 2002). "The double-slit experiment". www.physicsworld.com. Physics World. Retrieved 10 Sep 2018.
- Veselov, Alexander P. (1995). "Huygens' principle and integrable systems". Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena. 87 (1–4): 9–13. Bibcode:1995PhyD...87....9V. doi:10.1016/0167-2789(95)00166-2.
- Veselov, Alexander P. (2002). "Huygens' Principle" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-02-21.
- "Wave Equation in Higher Dimensions" (PDF). Math 220a class notes. Stanford University.
- Belger, M.; Schimming, R.; Wünsch, V. (1997). "A Survey on Huygens' Principle". Zeitschrift für Analysis und ihre Anwendungen. 16 (1): 9–36. doi:10.4171/ZAA/747.
- Ásgeirsson, Leifur (1956). "Some hints on Huygens' principle and Hadamard's conjecture". Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics. 9 (3): 307–326. doi:10.1002/cpa.3160090304.
- Günther, Paul (1991). "Huygens' principle and Hadamard's conjecture". The Mathematical Intelligencer. 13 (2): 56–63. doi:10.1007/BF03024088. S2CID 120446795.
- Berest, Yu. Yu.; Veselov, A. P. (1994). "Hadamard's problem and Coxeter groups: New examples of Huygens' equations". Functional Analysis and Its Applications. 28 (1): 3–12. doi:10.1007/BF01079005. S2CID 121842251.
- Chalub, Fabio A. C. C.; Zubelli, Jorge P. (2006). "Huygens' Principle for Hyperbolic Operators and Integrable Hierarchies". Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena. 213 (2): 231–245. Bibcode:2006PhyD..213..231C. doi:10.1016/j.physd.2005.11.008.
- Berest, Yuri Yu.; Loutsenko, Igor M. (1997). "Huygens' Principle in Minkowski Spaces and Soliton Solutions of the Korteweg-de Vries Equation". Communications in Mathematical Physics. 190 (1): 113–132. arXiv:solv-int/9704012. Bibcode:1997CMaPh.190..113B. doi:10.1007/s002200050235. S2CID 14271642.
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Software Complexity: How Do We Bring Order to Chaos?
A physician, a civil engineer, and a computer scientist were arguing about what was the oldest profession in the world. The physician remarked, "Well, in the Bible, it says that God created Eve from a rib taken out of Adam. This clearly required surgery, and so I can rightly claim that mine is the oldest profession in the world." The civil engineer interrupted, and said, "But even earlier in the book of Genesis, it states that God created the order of the heavens and the earth from out of the chaos. This was the first and certainly the most spectacular application of civil engineering. Therefore, fair doctor, you are wrong: mine is the oldest profession in the world." The computer scientist leaned back in her chair, smiled, and then said confidently, "Ah, but who do you think created the chaos?"
"The more complex the system, the more open it is to total breakdown" . Rarely would a builder think about adding a new sub-basement to an existing 100-story building. Doing that would be very costly and would undoubtedly invite failure. Amazingly, users of software systems rarely think twice about asking for equivalent changes. Besides, they argue, it is only a simple matter of programming.
Our failure to master the complexity of software results in projects that are late, over budget, and deficient in their stated requirements. We often call this condition the software crisis, but frankly, a malady that has carried on this long must be called normal. Sadly, this crisis translates into the squandering of human resources—a most precious commodity—as well as a considerable loss of opportunities. There are simply not enough good developers around to create all the new software that users need. Furthermore, a significant number of the development personnel in any given organization must often be dedicated to the maintenance or preservation of geriatric software. Given the indirect as well as the direct contribution of software to the economic base of most industrialized countries, and considering the ways in which software can amplify the powers of the individual, it is unacceptable to allow this situation to continue.
1.1 The Structure of Complex Systems
How can we change this dismal picture? Since the underlying problem springs from the inherent complexity of software, our suggestion is to first study how complex systems in other disciplines are organized. Indeed, if we open our eyes to the world about us, we will observe successful systems of significant complexity. Some of these systems are the works of humanity, such as the Space Shuttle, the England/France tunnel, and large business organizations. Many even more complex systems appear in nature, such as the human circulatory system and the structure of a habanero pepper plant.
The Structure of a Personal Computer
A personal computer is a device of moderate complexity. Most are composed of the same major elements: a central processing unit (CPU), a monitor, a keyboard, and some sort of secondary storage device, usually either a CD or DVD drive and hard disk drive. We may take any one of these parts and further decompose it. For example, a CPU typically encompasses primary memory, an arithmetic/logic unit (ALU), and a bus to which peripheral devices are attached. Each of these parts may in turn be further decomposed: An ALU may be divided into registers and random control logic, which themselves are constructed from even more primitive elements, such as NAND gates, inverters, and so on.
Here we see the hierarchic nature of a complex system. A personal computer functions properly only because of the collaborative activity of each of its major parts. Together, these separate parts logically form a whole. Indeed, we can reason about how a computer works only because we can decompose it into parts that we can study separately. Thus, we may study the operation of a monitor independently of the operation of the hard disk drive. Similarly, we may study the ALU without regard for the primary memory subsystem.
Not only are complex systems hierarchic, but the levels of this hierarchy represent different levels of abstraction, each built upon the other, and each understandable by itself. At each level of abstraction, we find a collection of devices that collaborate to provide services to higher layers. We choose a given level of abstraction to suit our particular needs. For instance, if we were trying to track down a timing problem in the primary memory, we might properly look at the gate-level architecture of the computer, but this level of abstraction would be inappropriate if we were trying to find the source of a problem in a spreadsheet application.
The Structure of Plants and Animals
In botany, scientists seek to understand the similarities and differences among plants through a study of their morphology, that is, their form and structure. Plants are complex multicellular organisms, and from the cooperative activity of various plant organ systems arise such complex behaviors as photosynthesis and transpiration.
Plants consist of three major structures (roots, stems, and leaves). Each of these has a different, specific structure. For example, roots encompass branch roots, root hairs, the root apex, and the root cap. Similarly, a cross-section of a leaf reveals its epidermis, mesophyll, and vascular tissue. Each of these structures is further composed of a collection of cells, and inside each cell we find yet another level of complexity, encompassing such elements as chloroplasts, a nucleus, and so on. As with the structure of a computer, the parts of a plant form a hierarchy, and each level of this hierarchy embodies its own complexity.
All parts at the same level of abstraction interact in well-defined ways. For example, at the highest level of abstraction, roots are responsible for absorbing water and minerals from the soil. Roots interact with stems, which transport these raw materials up to the leaves. The leaves in turn use the water and minerals provided by the stems to produce food through photosynthesis.
There are always clear boundaries between the outside and the inside of a given level. For example, we can state that the parts of a leaf work together to provide the functionality of the leaf as a whole and yet have little or no direct interaction with the elementary parts of the roots. In simpler terms, there is a clear separation of concerns among the parts at different levels of abstraction.
In a computer, we find NAND gates used in the design of the CPU as well as in the hard disk drive. Likewise, a considerable amount of commonality cuts across all parts of the structural hierarchy of a plant. This is God's way of achieving an economy of expression. For example, cells serve as the basic building blocks in all structures of a plant; ultimately, the roots, stems, and leaves of a plant are all composed of cells. Yet, although each of these primitive elements is indeed a cell, there are many different kinds of cells. For example, there are cells with and without chloroplasts, cells with walls that are impervious to water and cells with walls that are permeable, and even living cells and dead cells.
In studying the morphology of a plant, we do not find individual parts that are each responsible for only one small step in a single larger process, such as photosynthesis. In fact, there are no centralized parts that directly coordinate the activities of lower-level ones. Instead, we find separate parts that act as independent agents, each of which exhibits some fairly complex behavior, and each of which contributes to many higher-level functions. Only through the mutual cooperation of meaningful collections of these agents do we see the higher-level functionality of a plant. The science of complexity calls this emergent behavior: The behavior of the whole is greater than the sum of its parts .
Turning briefly to the field of zoology, we note that multicellular animals exhibit a hierarchical structure similar to that of plants: Collections of cells form tissues, tissues work together as organs, clusters of organs define systems (such as the digestive system), and so on. We cannot help but again notice God's awesome economy of expression: The fundamental building block of all animal matter is the cell, just as the cell is the elementary structure of all plant life. Granted, there are differences between these two. For example, plant cells are enclosed by rigid cellulose walls, but animal cells are not. Notwithstanding these differences, however, both of these structures are undeniably cells. This is an example of commonality that crosses domains.
A number of mechanisms above the cellular level are also shared by plant and animal life. For example, both use some sort of vascular system to transport nutrients within the organism, and both exhibit differentiation by sex among members of the same species.
The Structure of Matter
The study of fields as diverse as astronomy and nuclear physics provides us with many other examples of incredibly complex systems. Spanning these two disciplines, we find yet another structural hierarchy. Astronomers study galaxies that are arranged in clusters. Stars, planets, and debris are the constituents of galaxies. Likewise, nuclear physicists are concerned with a structural hierarchy, but one on an entirely different scale. Atoms are made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons; electrons appear to be elementary particles, but protons, neutrons, and other particles are formed from more basic components called quarks.
Again we find that a great commonality in the form of shared mechanisms unifies this vast hierarchy. Specifically, there appear to be only four distinct kinds of forces at work in the universe: gravity, electromagnetic interaction, the strong force, and the weak force. Many laws of physics involving these elementary forces, such as the laws of conservation of energy and of momentum, apply to galaxies as well as quarks.
The Structure of Social Institutions
As a final example of complex systems, we turn to the structure of social institutions. Groups of people join together to accomplish tasks that cannot be done by individuals. Some organizations are transitory, and some endure beyond many lifetimes. As organizations grow larger, we see a distinct hierarchy emerge. Multinational corporations contain companies, which in turn are made up of divisions, which in turn contain branches, which in turn encompass local offices, and so on. If the organization endures, the boundaries among these parts may change, and over time, a new, more stable hierarchy may emerge.
The relationships among the various parts of a large organization are just like those found among the components of a computer, or a plant, or even a galaxy. Specifically, the degree of interaction among employees within an individual office is greater than that between employees of different offices. A mail clerk usually does not interact with the chief executive officer of a company but does interact frequently with other people in the mail room. Here, too, these different levels are unified by common mechanisms. The clerk and the executive are both paid by the same financial organization, and both share common facilities, such as the company's telephone system, to accomplish their tasks.
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Highlights - February 2002
The evolution toward a Pacific warm episode
continued during February 2002, with an area of SST anomalies exceeding +1.0°C persisting
near the date line (Fig. T18) and the corresponding
Niño-4 region SST index increasing to +0.8 (Fig. T5, Table T2). SST anomalies across the east-central and eastern
equatorial Pacific returned to normal during February, as indicated by increases in the
SST index values to -0.2 in the Niño-3 region and to 0.0 in the Niño 1+2 region (Fig. T18, Table T2). By late
in the month, SST anomalies exceeded +1.0°C in the extreme eastern equatorial Pacific
The warming of the eastern equatorial Pacific resulted from the arrival of a strong
oceanic Kelvin wave that had been triggered during December in association with an
MJO-related westerly wind burst over the west-central equatorial Pacific (Figs. T13, T20). This Kelvin wave has
resulted in an anomalous deepening of the oceanic thermocline throughout the equatorial
Pacific from 170°E to 90°W (Figs. T15, T16), and by an increase in subsurface temperatures to 4-5°C above normal in that region (Fig.
T17, bottom). This increasingly large build-up of anomalously warm waters at depth
is consistent with the continued evolution toward a Pacific warm episode.
Accompanying this evolution deep tropical convection extended across the central
equatorial Pacific to between 160°E- 180° during February (Fig.
T8). This location represents the farthest eastward extent of the deep tropical
convection recorded since the end of the last warm episode in mid-1998 (Fig. T8, top). However, equatorial convection has remained absent
east of the date line throughout this 3 ½ year period (Fig. T25,
top), which has contributed to the persistence of cyclonic streamfunction anomalies at
200-hPa in the subtropics of both hemispheres (Fig. T22,
bottom) flanking the region of suppressed convection [indicated by negative anomalies
of outgoing longwave radiation]. During February, a strong anomalous cyclonic couplet over
the central Pacific was associated with a large westerly anomalies (Fig.
T21) and a large value of the 200-hPa wind index (Table T1,
Tropical convection and the associated atmospheric circulation anomalies have also
exhibited strong intraseasonal variability during the past several months (Figs. T11, T12, T13).
MJO-related tropical convection during February was enhanced over the central Pacific (Fig. T25).
The sea level pressure (SLP) pattern during February featured positive anomalies
throughout most of the global Tropics (Fig. T19). This
pattern was associated with a positive value of the Tahiti - Darwin Southern Oscillation
Index (SOI) (0.9) (Table T1) and a near-zero value of the
equatorial SOI (0.1).
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Be a Light Bearer
Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely, I am with you always, to the very end of the age. -Matthew 28:19-20
As believers, we are called to actively spread God’s Words and love to make a positive difference in the world, whether it be our loved ones, or strangers from another country by Praying, Sending, and/or Going.
We should be actively praying for those in the mission field whether they are right here at our church, in our neighborhood, our city, our country, or somewhere else in the world. We can send missionaries by supporting them financially if we are not able to go ourselves, or, we can go ourselves. There are many ways to serve not just around the world but also right here in our neighborhood as the need to carry the Word to the lost is vital.
Missions is the task of proclaiming the gospel to every people group that has not yet heard it, in order to establish churches—churches that will carry on mission by reaching their culture, teaching others, and sending missionaries out. Ministries is the work allowing the opportunities for missions to happen.
Each week, we will be praying through our ministry and mission involvement.
Local Missions and Ministries
For I was hungry, and you gave Me something to eat; I was thirsty, and you gave Me something to drink; I was a stranger, and you invited Me in; -Matthew 25:35
- Alsbury food pantry: serving several hundred families every 3rd Saturday of the month.
- True faith community: bringing homeless into community with tiny homes or group homes.
- Center for ASD: caring for those with social disorders or those in the Autistic Spectrum.
National Missions and Ministries
Declare his glory among the nations, his marvelous deeds among all peoples. -1 Chronicles 16:24
- June trip to Casa Hogar Benito Juarez in Reynosa Mexico
- July youth trip to New Orleans
International Missions and Ministries
How, then, can they call on the one they have not believed in? And how can they believe in the one of whom they have not heard? And how can they hear without someone preaching to them? -Romans 10:14
- City Church Andernach in Germany
- Tabita Ministry in Novi Sad, Serbia
- For those displaced by the war in Ukraine
Personal Missions and Ministries
“But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes on you; and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the ends of the earth.” Therefore, we know we are not alone and have been given the necessary tools to be effective. -Acts 1:8
Pray God will show you a place you can be of service:
- Here at Alsbury
- In your neighborhood
- Around the state
- Across the nation
- Or around the world
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What are Leica Summilux lenses?
Leica Summilux lenses are some of the most desirable Leica lenses there are. According to the Leica name meanings, Summi comes from the latin “Summa” or summit, and lux is light. So it’s the height of light gathering. These are Leica’s fastest lenses at f/1.4.
|Fast f/1.4 lenses||More expensive than Summicrons|
|Bulkier than Summicrons|
|Heavier than Summicrons|
Summicrons are some of the most popular Leica lenses that strike a balance between size, price and speed. The downside of Summilux lenses are their price and bulk. But if price is not an issue and you don’t mind the weight, the Summilux offers impossibly beautiful images at the f/1.4 speed.
What are Summilux lenses good for?
The best tool for the right purpose. While you can use any lens for shooting situations, the f/1.4 aperture speed afforded by the Summilux makes a great lens for portrait photography and night photography.
Even the widest Summilux can bokeh well and make great portraits. They are also great Leica lenses for street photography, landscapes and travel lenses. But the question will always be, is the extra speed afforded by the Summilux lenses worth the weight?
This is all about tradeoff. You do get beautiful f/1.4 but after hours with your camera in hand your hands might scream for a break. On the flip side…once you shoot the Summiluxes wide open, it’s often more than worth it.
Summilux Comparison table
|Angle of view (diagonal, horizontal, vertical)||92° / 81° / 59°||75° / 65° / 46°||63°, 54°, 37°||47°, 40°, 27°||27°/23°/15°|
|Number of lenses/groups:||10 / 8||10 / 7||9 / 5||8 / 5||8 / 6|
|Focal length||21.6||28mm||35.6 mm||51.6 mm||90mm|
|Position of entrance pupil:||24.4 mm||31.9 mm||16.6 mm||25.7 mm||27.2 mm|
|Focusing range||0.7m – infinity||0.7m – infinity||0.7m – infinity||0.7m – infinity||1m – infinity|
|Scales||Combined meter/feet graduation||Combined meter/feet graduation||Combined meter/feet graduation||Combined meter/feet graduation||Combined meter/feet graduation|
|Smallest object field:||685 x 1027 mm||526 mm x 789 mm||418 x 626 mm||271 x 407 mm||211 x 317 mm|
|Largest reproduction ratio:||1:29||1:21.9||1:17.4||1:11.3||1:8.8|
|Setting/Function||Manual / Click-stops / half stops||Manual / Click-stops / half stops||Manual / Click-stops / half stops||Manual / Click-stops / half stops||Manual / Click-stops / half stops|
|Bayonet||M with 6 bit coding||M||M with 6 bit encoding||M||M|
|Filter||Series filter VIII in lens hood||E49||E46||E46||E67|
|Lens hood||Separate, screw-on type||Separate, screw-on type||Separate, screw-on type||Separate, screw-on type||Integrated|
|Length||66 / 77 mm (without / with lens hood)||81 mm / 67 mm (without / with lens hood)||46 mm / 58 mm (without / with lens hood)||52.5 mm||91 mm / 102 mm (without/with extended lens hood)|
|Largest diameter||69.5 mm||61 mm||56 mm||53.5 mm||74mm|
|Weight||580 g||440 g||320 g||335 g||1010g|
Summilux lenses available
- Leica Summilux 21mm f/1.4
- Leica Summilux 28mm f/1.4
- Leica Summilux 35mm f/1.4
- Leica Summilux 50mm f/1.4
More coming soon
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