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Innovative edtech tools such as adaptive courseware can tailor the learning experience to the individual and, when implemented effectively, contribute toward increases in student success. This is particularly helpful for students who may otherwise struggle in a traditional learning format.
The network will help colleges and universities target course completion and improve student retention with a variety of options, ranging from webinars and implementation guidebooks to technical assistance and extended site visits. Work will begin in Texas, Ohio, and Florida, and then will expand nationwide with plans to reach approximately 200 institutions.
As the four-year initiative proceeds, the network will strive to raise awareness about how adaptive courseware and personalized learning can be effective and, by improving course completion rates, can improve student retention as a result.
Some of the network partners, including the Association of Public and Land-grant Universities, plan to leverage the investment in their direct work with institutions.
“While most colleges and universities are aware of the benefits that adaptive learning can offer students and instructors, many institutions are unsure of the process for effectively implementing adaptive courseware on their campus,” says Karen Vignare, executive director of the Association of Public & Land-Grant Universities Personalized Learning Consortium, which is currently overseeing work among eight public universities that have scaled adaptive courseware to nearly 75,000 course enrollments across 16 disciplines. “The resources and support of this network will allow this work to scale across a broader range of institutions and promote success to an even greater number of students.”
The groups also will focus on analyzing data and making sure the lessons gleaned from the initiative are leveraged by institutions.
“Experience tells us that closing equity gaps in course outcomes requires thoughtful use of data on student learning processes and outcomes,” says Barbara Means, executive director of Learning Sciences Research at Digital Promise, a nonprofit organization devoted to closing the Digital Learning Gap and part of Every Learner Everywhere. “Digital Promise is committed to helping educational institutions design and implement data collection and analysis processes that indicate whether their use of digital learning is helping a broader group of students succeed. We’ll also synthesize findings across institutions to identify how to best use adaptive learning with different kinds of students and for different learning goals.”
- College degrees don’t equate to career readiness - August 8, 2022
- 4 scenarios for the future of postsecondary data and analytics - August 4, 2022
- How to ensure your remote testing is humanized, yet secure - July 28, 2022 | <urn:uuid:933f7d64-ee1d-440c-9fc7-f3f66004829b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ecampusnews.com/2019/03/08/can-adaptive-tools-improve-student-retention/2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.92714 | 513 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Oil was flowing again Monday through a southern Michigan pipeline shut down for two months after a leak spilled more than three million litres of oil into a creek that flows into the Kalamazoo River.
Enbridge Inc. confirmed the gradual restart was underway of the pipeline running between Griffith, Ind., and Sarnia, Ont., in a short statement released Monday evening.
The pipeline, known as the Lakehead System, had been shut down since the company reported a massive oil leak near its Marshall, Mich., pumping station on July 26.
An estimated 820,000 to one million gallons spilled into the creek and river, polluting the waters and coating various fish and wildlife.
Enbridge said the restart is a "staged process" run in accordance with a plan approved by the federal Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration.
Monday was the earliest a gradual return to service was permitted by federal regulators.
The pipeline will restart at lower pressure. An independent third party that reports to U.S. federal regulators will help monitor the restart.
Cleanup costs estimated up to $400 million
The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration issued a statement saying it also was keeping tabs on Enbridge during the restart and had staff located throughout the pipeline system to oversee it.
Enbridge will have to make multiple repairs on the pipeline within 180 days, and it will have one year to replace a section of dented pipe running under the St. Clair River in southeast Michigan.
In August, Enbridge estimated cleanup and other costs from the spill could be $300 million to $400 million. The charges include the emergency response, cleanup, repairs, claims by third parties, lost revenue and other items. It excludes possible fines and penalties.
Insurance is expected to cover most of the cost.
About 2,000 workers were involved in the cleanup and related activities at their peak. The company expects more than 500 workers to remain on the job through October.
Company buys homes near spill site
Enbridge had bought eight homes near the spill site as of last week. It is in the final stages of buying another 14 homes, chief executive officer Patrick Daniel said last week.
More than 1,500 oil-damaged birds and animals have been rescued from the spill site. More than 1,300 turtles, more than 100 Canada geese and several muskrats, swans, herons, snakes and frogs have been rehabilitated and released into new homes.
The restart of the pipeline might not have much influence on oil or gas prices. The line has a capacity of roughly 283,000 barrels per day and had moved closer to 190,000 barrels per day. That is much less than the 670,000 barrel per day the Enbridge pipeline between Superior, Wis., and Griffith, Ind., carries. That pipeline was shut down Sept. 9-17 because of a spill in Romeoville, Ill.
The Illinois spill caused a brief spike in Midwest gas prices.
"That was a major feeder to some of the larger refineries in the Midwest," said Phil Flynn, an analyst at PFGBest in Chicago.
By comparison, Flynn said, the pipeline that leaked in Michigan didn't have as big an impact on the market.
Most analysts expect retail gasoline prices to stay steady in October and November, as supplies remain plentiful and demand is listless compared with a peak summer driving season. | <urn:uuid:253dc928-c33a-4273-bcb0-8f6dc89c9792> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/windsor/enbridge-pipeline-reopens-after-michigan-spill-1.886053 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00176-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974178 | 691 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Taiwanese art teacher turned renowned penmanship expert Yeh Yeh is transforming the simple act of handwriting into an art form, inspiring us all to put pen to paper, literally.
On stage at the Golden Melody Awards in 2016, an awards show regarded as the Grammys of the Chinese-speaking world, the crowd waited as the lights dimmed and images of swirling snow and rushing water were cast onto the stage. As a hauntingly mesmerising aboriginal song rung out through the arena, lines of poetry appeared on the screen in an elegant, flowing script; less rigid than the standard Kaishu style, but still reminiscent of the carefully structured works of traditional Chinese calligraphy, as if each word was written with intention and tremendous care. These characters were the works of Yeh Yeh, a hard-nib Chinese calligraphy artist from Taiwan and a man dedicated to preserving the cultural heritage of calligraphy.
“I think the story that people most often hear about me is that I was ridiculed by my classmate about my handwriting, and that is why I started practising it seriously,” begins Yeh Yeh, retelling the story that has been widely reported by media outlets across Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau. When he was fifteen, a classmate saw his handwriting and declared that it was atrocious, prompting Yeh Yeh to work on his penmanship skills. Every day after school, he would spend hours practising, trying to perfect each dot, dash and stroke. And as time passed, what started as an exercise to improve his confidence became an appreciation and love for the practice.
This love for writing, in the literal sense, grew to encompass traditional Chinese calligraphy when Yeh Yeh was in high school, and later hard-nib calligraphy, which uses fountain pens and ballpoint pens (as opposed to writing brushes) to create the same kind of structural beauty seen in traditional calligraphy works. To him, hard-nib calligraphy served as a bridge between traditional Chinese calligraphy and modern society, a way of incorporating the art form and cultural heritage into our daily lives. “You can say that it is a form of contemporary calligraphy,” he explains.
Despite his love for the craft, and having won nationwide competitions, Yeh Yeh never saw his passion as a career. Instead, after completing a fine arts degree, he moved to Kinmen, his parents’ hometown, and became an art teacher. By thirty, however, he was beginning to have second thoughts. “I started to reflect on my own life. Was there anything in my life that if I didn’t pursue, I would later regret?”
The answer? He wanted to find a way to document his handwriting, and so after seeing an advertisement by a company that produced fonts, he embarked on a project that would later become the first handwritten computer font in the Chinese-speaking world. At the same time, he started work on a book with fellow calligrapher Yang Geng. Published in 2017 and titled 美字靜心 (Mei Zi Jing Xin, which roughly translates as, ‘beautiful words calm the heart’), the book guides beginners through the basics of hard-nib calligraphy from dissecting the structure of Chinese characters to explaining the process.
The rest is history. Within three months of the book’s release, Yeh Yeh had gained more than 100,000 followers on his newly established Facebook page, a number that has more than doubled since then, sold more than 60,000 copies of his book and was hosting writing workshops across Taiwan. Perhaps most impressive is that he is credited with sparking a widespread uptake of calligraphy; after his book was released, there was an eightfold increase in writing-related merchandise sales on one of Taiwan’s largest online shopping sites.
Yeh Yeh’s popularity spread to neighbouring Hong Kong, where he was a featured speaker at the Hong Kong Book Fair. One follower that has moved him the most is actually from Hong Kong: a student that came to his first-ever sharing session in the city. Once a teenager who struggled with expressing his emotions, this secondary student started using calligraphy as a way to process his feelings. Through his practice, he was able to communicate better with his friends and family and return to school. “When I see how much he has grown and improved, it reminds me of how I went from being hesitant to becoming more confident myself,” says Yeh Yeh, smiling.
It is these experiences that make Yeh Yeh all the more certain that practising ‘writing’ is meaningful, and not a waste of time in our tech-filled world. “In a fast-paced city, practising penmanship is a great way to slow down and find peace within,” he says. He is now delving into the study of philology to provide more historical background to his lessons and also exploring ways to apply his training in fine arts to his calligraphy work by combining Chinese characters and paintings. His goals are to share the art of handwriting with even more people and to continue the legacy of calligraphy so it lives on in our daily lives. The place he’s arrived at already, however, is testament enough to his passion and talent. As he puts it, “I think, simply put, success is finding your value in life, and making the most out of it. As long as I can do that, I think that’s pretty good.” | <urn:uuid:cbe4a1d1-4a17-4633-9c9e-e2d9b49a9a02> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hivelife.com/the-art-of-handwriting/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570765.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808031623-20220808061623-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.984718 | 1,164 | 2.421875 | 2 |
King Theodoric orders Anthony, the bishop of Pula, to restitute the rustic possession violently occupied by the bishop's officers to a certain Stephan.
Cassiodorus, as praetorian prefect, remits the collection of tax on wine and corn to the citizens of Concordia, Aquileia and Forum Iulii (Cividale del Friuli) due to a meager harvest; instead, he instructs his tax collector Paul to procure the necessary quantity of wine from Istrians who enjoyed a particularly abundant harvest.
Cassiodorus, as praetorian prefect, informs the provincials of Istria that a part of their due tax will be commuted in kind.
Cassiodorus, as praetorian prefect, sends Lawrence to Istria to examine the harvests and prepare a report of the yields in order for the taxes to be determined.
Cassiodorus, as praetorian prefect, orders the tribunes of the coast to be prepared to transfer the victuals from Istria to Ravenna by sea.
In the midst of the war between the Roman Empire under Emperor Justinian I and the Ostrogoths in Italy, the Roman general Belisarius plans the siege of the Ostrogothic capital Ravenna; The Po valley is blocked as Belisarius commands Vitalius, magister militum per Illyricum, to depart with his army from Dalmatia and subject the Ostrogothic towns of regio Venetia; traditionally taken as marking the Byzantine conquest of Ostrogothic Istria and the beginning of the centuries-long rule of the Eastern Roman Empire in Istria (narrative accounts from Procopius of Cesearea's History of the Wars).
Euphrasius, the bishop of Poreč, imposes a variety of taxes, including the tithe and the ecclesiastical quartese (the quarter of the tithe) on the citizens of his bishopric. The document aimed at proving the episcopal lordship over the city of Poreč and fixing the tributes due to the Church of Poreč, forged in the first half of the 13th century (before 1222).
Belisarius and Vitalius, the generals of Emperor Justinian I's army, draft new soldiers across Thrace and Illyricum as they prepare for a new assault against the Ostrogoths in Italy; they stop in Pula to regroup before sailing to Ravenna to engage the enemies (narrative accounts from Procopius' History of the Wars).
Emperor Justinian I has Pope Vigilius I consecrate Maximian, a deacon from Pula, as the new bishop of Ravenna; once installed as bishop, Maximian embarks on several architectural projects, including the building of the Santa Maria Formosa church in Pula (narrative accounts from the Life of Saint Maximian written by Agnellus of Ravenna in his Book of the Pontiffs of the Church of Ravenna).
Maximian, the bishop of Ravenna, endows the monastery of St. Andrew and the church of St. Mary in Pula.
Emperor Justinian I appoints his cousin Germanus as the commander-in-chief of his army fighting against King Totila in Italy; the promise of a renewed war effort against the Ostrogoths under a famous military commander encourages men across the region to rally under imperial banner as they journey to Istria, awaiting the arrival of Germanus (narrative accounts from Procopius of Cesearea's History of the Wars).
Emperor Justinian I issues a pragmatic sanction regulating the administration of the newly conquered Italy (the so-called sanctio pragmatica pro petitione Vigilii or epitome constitutionum Iustiniani de reformanda Italia).
Pope Pelagius I writes to patrician John regarding the detrimental consequences of the schism within the Church (the so-called Three Chapters Controversy), especially concerning the recent election of a schismatic patriarch of Aquileia, urging the Byzantine official not to recognize their authority as they had not been canonically elected.
Pope Pelagius I writes to patrician Valerian, beseeching him to repress the schismatics and support the quest to restore union to the Church.
Pope Pelagius I writes to a patrician John on the detrimental effects of the schism in the Church (the so-called Three Chapters Controversy), singling out Bishop Euphrasius as a particularly depraved schismatic and advising the patrician to repress the schismatics in the province of Aquileia (that is, the region Venetia et Histria).
Pope Pelagius I writes to patrician Valerian, urging him to take action against the schismatic bishops in the ecclesiastical provinces of Milan and Aquileia and support the papal quest to bring back unity to the Church.
Pope Pelagius I writes to patrician Narses, beseeching him to take action against the schismatic bishops, namely the bishop of Fossombrone and the bishops of Liguria, Venetia and Istria.
Pope Pelagius I writes to Charles, the magister militum, regarding the Schism of the Three Chapters and the schismatic bishops.
A poem composed by Venantius Fortunatus to a Vitalis, a bishop of Ravenna, traditionally identified as Maximian of Ravenna, but also as bishop Vitalis of Milan, bishop Vitalis of Altino, or even an eponymous, otherwise undocumented bishop of Pula.
Venantius Fortunatus composes a poem in celebration of the construction of the church of St. Andrew, built by a Vitalis, the bishop of Ravenna (most probably a laudatory nickname for Bishop Maximian).
Lombards under King Alboin invade Italy and conquer Friuli; Gisulf I, Alboin's nephew, is made the ruler (duke) of Friuli; Paulinus, the incumbent patriarch of Aquileia, flees from Aquileia due to the invasion and finds shelter in Grado where he hides the treasury of his Church as well (narrative account from Paul the Deacon's History of the Lombards).
Pope Benedict I officially sanctions the transfer of the episcopal see from Aquileia to Grado; 11th-century forgery included in the Chronicle of Grado.
Pope Pelagius II confirms Grado as the new metropolitan see of the ecclesiastical province of Venetia et Histria; 11th-century forgery.
The acts of the synod of Grado, heavily interpolated by later falsifications, by which the bishops of the ecclesiastical province of Aquileia remain faithful to the Catholic creed as decreed by the Ecumenical Councils of Chalcedon (451), Ephesus (431), Constantinople I (381) and Nicaea (325), refusing to denounce the Three Chapters condemned by the Second Ecumenical Council of Constantinople (552).
Gogo, the majordomo of King Childebert II, writes to Grasulf, the Lombard duke of Friuli, proposing an alliance with the Franks, the Papacy, and the Byzantine Empire against their common foes (presumably the Avars and the Slavs, but possibly even the Lombards). | <urn:uuid:3aa800b2-f2fa-4a7d-b3e3-d7de9c042e2f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://fontesistrie.eu/vol_1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00066.warc.gz | en | 0.931487 | 1,545 | 2.390625 | 2 |
New Humanities Publisher
Infra-thin is Marcel Duchamp's word for measuring the almost imperceptible margins of difference between two seemingly identical items. Infra-thin measures the all but immeasurable interstice between two things or ideas as they transition into and between one to the other, the passage between sense and non-sense, and the delay or deferral of these passages between the senses themselves.
Infra-thin is impossible to define; it can only be illustrated. The difference between adjectives and nouns is infra-thin. So is the act of forgetting. Other examples from Duchamp include an object at one time and then one second later (the identity principle), the warmth of a seat that has just been left, a stare, people who go through subway gates at the last moment, the whistling sound made by velvet trousers when walking, a painting on glass seen from the unpainted side, or the space between recto and verso. And Infra-Thin Press.
Infra-Thin Press minces words with contemporary visual culture, both in the content and design of our books. We currently publish or plan to publish scholarly and experimental texts at the interstices of philosophy and literature, critical theory and design, philosophy and technology, poetry and visual studies, and selected marginalia in between.
If you are looking for a home for your book, please see our submission guidelines at http://www.infrathin.com/gpage2.html | <urn:uuid:8d6a9e38-30d0-457e-b09c-33f3ab584af5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://call-for-papers.sas.upenn.edu/node/37658 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00395-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938903 | 310 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Point-to-Point Protocol (ppp) Concluded WG
Note: The data for concluded WGs is occasionally incorrect.
|Area||Internet Area (int)|
|Dependencies||Document dependency graph (SVG)|
Charter for Working Group
The working group is defining the use of serial lines in data
networks. While the main intent is to standardize the connection of
IP networks over point-to-point links, the protocol is being designed
to be extensible to other network protocols as well. The protocol
will provide the capability of establishing the link parameters,
authentication, link encryption, link testing, as well as control of
the link while it is up. The protocol will also allow configuration
and control of the higher level protocols such as IP, OSI, 802.3
bridging, and others.
|Mar 1988||Define a protocol for the link and IP layer.| | <urn:uuid:28608e23-3461-4ebd-975d-873d408dddc0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/ppp/charter/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00363-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.783315 | 195 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Articles on basic care and considerations for new or prospective owners.
Articles pertaining to health, nutrition, and veterinary care.
Articles and pictures about hedgehog breeding, growth, and development.
Articles for people who already own a hedgehog or want to know more than just the basics.
Learn more about hedgehog shows and hedgehog colors!
Wondering where on earth to buy a hedgehog? Start here!
Where to purchase hedgehog supplies and collectibles.
Meet the hedgehogs of Hedgehog Valley!
Meet the other critters that call Hedgehog Valley
Hand Feeding Baby Hedgehogs
When raising hedgehogs, sometimes it becomes necessary to hand feed the babies. Situations where hedgehog babies should be hand fed include mom neglecting or hurting the babies, or the mother becoming sick and not being able to care for the babies. I've had a few people ask about whether or not they should maybe hand feed their hedgie babies to improve socialization, but I haven't seen any evidence that hand fed babies are any better or worse socialized than mom-raised babies, and I have seen that hand feeding hedgie babies is a risky endeavor, at best. Many hand fed babies do not survive, despite the best efforts of the caretaker, so it's my opinion that it shouldn't be attempted unless there is no available foster mother and the babies would otherwise not have any chance to survive. That said, here's a list of some of the things we have found helpful when hand feeding:
We place the baby in a box (shoebox sized) with soft cloth for bedding. A heating pad on low is placed under half of the box, so that the baby can get closer or further from it as needed. It is very important to have the extra heat source, since baby animals can't make their own heat.
We have used either kitten milk replacer (kmr) or goat's milk, both have worked equally well. We typically mix the kmr using chamomile tea to aid in digestion. I have heard of others using lactaid (the people product) successfully, too.
Administering the food:
A small tuberculin syringe is usually the easiest way to feed the baby. An eyedropper can work, but the syringe allows more control over the rate the milk comes out at. You can get one from your veterinarian, at a farm supply store, or ask at a people pharmacy for a "tuberculin syringe without the needle." I will usually hold the baby in my left hand (I'm right handed) so that the face is sticking out over my thumb and the body is enclosed in my hand. I put the syringe to the baby's lips and let just a little bit out. If the baby does not start to suckle, I gently use the syringe to open the baby's mouth and let a few drops at a time go in, giving baby time to swallow before giving more.
How much food to give:
It seems like the babies have very different amounts that they want or will accept. Remember that tiny babies have tiny tummies, and overfeeding will be just as fatal as underfeeding. Usually I will try to make sure they get at least 2 to 3 mouth fulls per feeding, and I start young babies out on feeding every two hours, or more often if they start squeaking. As they get older, they will be able to eat more and will be able to have their feeding times further apart.
Stimulating the digestive system:
This is VERY important. Moms usually lick their babies' bellies to help get the digestive tract going. We have to simulate this by rubbing gently from chin to rectum with something like a damp q-tip or cotton ball. There isn't any "magic number" of times, I usually just make sure to do about 20 to 30 strokes after each feeding, and that seems to have worked out fine. You'll know the baby's digestive system isn't working well if the belly becomes blackened in color and/or hard.
The baby's poop is bright green, what's wrong?
Most likely, nothing is wrong. When you give hedgie babies anything other than mom's milk, they get green stools (and sometimes it's really, shockingly bright). As they get weaned on to hard foods, the stools will become a more normal color.
How do I start weaning them?
At about 3 weeks old, the babies will start to get teeth. At this time, I provide some ground up dry food that's been moistened with warm water in a low jar lid so they have the opportunity to feed themselves between hand feedings. They may anoint with it at first, but keep offering it. Once they are eating the moistened food, you can then switch to ground up dry, and then whole dry (by about 5 to 6 weeks, they should be able to handle adult food). When the babies are about 3 weeks old, I'll often start adding a little bit of meat-based baby food to the formula to add some variety and some solids to the diet, and may put some in the dish with the moistened food. If the baby doesn't seem to be gaining weight, a high calorie nutritional supplement like nutri-cal or dyne can be added to the formula.
Show them you care, Support our Troops
All information on this web site is copyright of Hedgehog Valley®. You may view/print the web pages for your personal use. You may also provide a link to these pages without prior approval. No one is allowed to re-post the information from Hedgehog Valley® Web Site, including pictures, to any other web site, without the approval of Hedgehog Valley®. Copyright 2002 | <urn:uuid:6c56de58-36de-42a3-bf4b-772014c83773> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.hedgehogvalley.com/hand.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00496-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954407 | 1,202 | 2.328125 | 2 |
I am trying to replicate the Aliya Algozhina (2016), “Monetary Policy Rule, Exchange Rate regime and Fiscal Policy in a Developing Oil economy” so as to extend the model. I have carefully incorporated the steady state equations and log-linearized equations but it does not run. The error message is as follows:
The Jacobian or the dynamic model contains Inf. For more information, use options_.debug.
Error in check (line 76)
print_info(info, 0, options);
Error in Oil (line 694)
oo_.dr.eigval = check(M_,options_,oo_);
Error in dynare (line 180)
evalin(‘base’,fname) ;Oil.mod (22.1 KB)
When I use model_diagnostics(M_,options_,oo_) it does not show the problem equations. Can you help? I am new to Dynare and DSGE modelling.
OrixOil_steadystate.m (9.3 KB)
The first steadystate file I posted had some variables switched off. Find attached a better copy. The error message remains the same.
Nicholas Oil_steadystate.m (8.4 KB)
Please use Dynare 4.5. It will tell you
ERROR: If the model is declared linear the second derivatives must be equal to zero.
The following equations had non-zero second derivatives:
* Eq # 20
* Eq # 21
* Eq # 22
Those equations are not correcty linearized. Sidenote: you should use proper equation tags to make debugging easier. See e.g. https://github.com/JohannesPfeifer/DSGE_mod/blob/master/RBC_baseline/RBC_baseline.mod
Dear J. Pfeifer,
I switched to using Dynare 4.5 and corrected the errors in the three equations but now a new error has emerged with respect to the Blanchard Kahn conditions. See;
here are 7 eigenvalue(s) larger than 1 in modulus
for 8 forward-looking variable(s)
The rank condition ISN’T verified!
Error using print_info (line 45)
Blanchard Kahn conditions are not satisfied: indeterminacy
Error in stoch_simul (line 95)
print_info(info, options_.noprint, options_);
Error in Oil (line 700)
info = stoch_simul(var_list_);
Error in dynare (line 223)
I have read through earlier threat on indeterminacy due to Blanchard Kahn condition but I can’t trace which equation is generating the error. Can you help? The revised codes are attached.
I appreciate your support.Oil.mod (22.6 KB)Oil_steadystate.m (8.5 KB)
You need to check all equations. Usually there is a timing error somewhere.
Thank you for your advise. I have managed to run it by assigning predetermined capital and improving on the estimates of ratios of variable to output. However, the model can accept only one predetermined capital at a time. I know the later will not affect my extension since my two sector model has one sector which purely labour intensive.
You are right but I don’t understand why it accept predetermined capital for Non-oil sector and Government capital accumulation but does not accept a predetermined capital for the oil sector.
I will check on the Timing of Capital in two sector economy as I work on my extension which involved reworking through all the equations.
Thanks once again for your continued support. | <urn:uuid:4d07ce3b-bbd1-4609-a87e-3f044e103f20> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://forum.dynare.org/t/the-jacobian-or-the-dynamic-model-contains-inf/10854/7 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.866114 | 830 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Insurance is an unavoidable financial expense and one you need to pay for. Insurance protects you from financial losses that may arise when your car is stolen, or when a crash occurs. These events can happen, but they’re hard to predict and generally aren’t covered by most automobile insurance policies. Automotive insurance is designed to cover you from many different types of risks. Car insurances help you cover the car itself, although they often cover other things too.
If you are a resident in the United States, you can’t only get auto insurance. You can get insurance for your car, your home, your assets, and even for your pets. You can also get pet insurance. So, when you buy a car, remember that insurance isn’t a nice little hassle, it’s something you need to ensure, and so you do. If you are looking for reliable car insurance companies in Seattle, check out our reviews, find the best one for you, and enjoy peace of mind!
Car Insurance Providers
When shopping for insurance, you can consider two main car insurance types:
Car insurance through an insurance agent: An insurance agent is someone who works for an insurance company and works with you to find the right insurance for your specific car and your driving habits. Most insurance agents are often well-trained and responsible. But there’s a big chance that you’ll deal with an agent who doesn’t know how insurance works. Car insurance agents are supposed to evaluate your driving habits and then issue you a list of recommended car insurance options. This list includes all the automobile insurance options that they think fit your budget and your car’s specifications. You can check this list online or use a professional insurance agent.
Insurance companies: If you buy car insurance online, you are often using a platform where many different insurance companies offer automobile insurance for you to choose from. Most insurance companies offer auto insurance plans at fairly low costs. However, some insurance companies offer these plans at very high prices. As a result, you should look for insurance companies that provide auto insurance at cheaper prices. If you do, then there’s a good chance that you’ll get a very good deal. But, make sure to always check if you’re being charged too much.
Today, insurance companies have a lot of options for car insurance plans, so you don’t have to shop around every single insurance company to find the right one for you. This is why you should try to find a car insurance provider that has a good reputation and offers low rates. So, when you purchase auto insurance, you can be sure that you’ll be getting a great deal.
Purchase Car Insurance Plans
Many online tools will help you find an insurance provider. You can browse different car insurance companies using these online tools. The websites for car insurance companies have a lot of useful information to offer. You can find information about the car insurance companies rates and what kind of insurance policies are provided for specific cars. For instance, if you’re looking for car insurance for a Toyota Prius, then you can look at insurance providers for other car insurance programs, like one for Toyota Prius owners.
Even if you purchase your car insurance online, you should always make sure to use a professional insurance agent to get the right rate and the right coverage for your specific car and driving habits. You don’t want your insurance to go up in the middle of the transaction, and that’s why it’s important to work with a professional insurance agent, who can assess your driving habits and provide you with the best insurance deals. It’s a good idea to work with a professional insurance agent who has a lot of experience in car insurance. | <urn:uuid:f48d57ed-9792-4fd2-b55f-05abafbac5c2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.d8rules.org/society/should-i-get-insurance/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.951013 | 776 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Rare Tumor Causes Hair to Sprout From Man's Eyeball, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Study
1/4/2013 8:01:55 AM
A rare tumor in a 19-year old man caused hair to grow on his eyeball, researchers report. The tumor, called a limbal dermoid, was benign and had been present since birth. It gradually grew in size until it was about 5 mm in diameter (a little less than a quarter of an inch), and sprouted several black hairs, said the researchers from Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in Iran. | <urn:uuid:fd4d1a1e-42eb-4d7b-bf77-dba2b6d7e676> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.biospace.com/news_print.aspx?NewsEntityId=283751 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721141.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00415-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976516 | 122 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Go-Cart Challenge – interactive whiteboard gameAdd to My Folder
Use this interactive maths game on your PC or whiteboard. Children can practise their mental calculation strategies as they experience the sounds and sights of a fairground.
Downloading to a PC
Right-click the link with your mouse and save to your hard drive.
Downloading to a Mac
Control-click the link with your mouse and save to your hard drive.
You may need Flash
To use this resource you need Adobe Flash installed on your computer. To get the latest player:
You may need to be an Administrator to install this. | <urn:uuid:3a244d4a-7391-4823-932d-0f0c389732e8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://education.scholastic.co.uk/resources/4152 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00348-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.876666 | 126 | 1.75 | 2 |
You can find many terror stories in the medical field that we’ve heard a variety of times previously. Medical employees are occasionally careless about doing their job. Inside the example of pharmacy technician jobs, supplying the incorrect prescription is your widespread mistake that is mostly documented. To avoid these errors, there ought to often become a certified pharmacist to supervise the work of pharmacy technicians but there are still errors reported each and every now and then. And that’s when the ugly instance of custody suits come about, something the two parties don’t actually want to go via.
These pharmacy technicians possess the permission to dispense regulated medicines as a piece of their occupation description, and which occasionally induce them to do what they must do. Nevertheless, a wonderful majority of them are fair and hard working group of individuals who act with professionalism in their work. In 24-hour pharmacies, they’re there to support customers at 3 am within a snowing cold daytime. Pharmacy technician project will always be available to those competent technicians that appreciate the responsibilities given to these to function the various people in demand of pharmacy providers Canadian pharmacy.
You’re going to have the ability to employ for a number of the pharmacy technician jobs despite outside any formal education background inside this field. That is good and well however odds are that no one will employ one simply because many companies will probably hire first applicants with formal teaching. The very first measure then, to work in this area would be to sign up for an official training regime provided by numerous institutions. You will be able to decide to take your practice on the web or research in a school . In the contest you would like to make soon enough, then you will find formal coaching which continue up to 12 weeks or much less just. In case your aim is to get a sizable salary, you may need in order to complete a more comprehensive exercise application. Even a less than a calendar year training program might well not give you a more solid base once it is time to take your certificate exam.
At the proceedings that you are able to you want to purchase your certificate only just because a certificate will definitely help your own livelihood. A certificate is actually a process of quantifying the abilities and advice about technicians concerning various pharmacy jobs. When your pharmacy technician failed to pass the certificate examination, it means he doesn’t always have the needed skills and knowledge about his tasks in the drugstore. Maintaining formal coaching will provide you with all the knowledge to maneuver the certification assessment that’s precisely why it’s crucial to pick the right training regime. Obtaining hired for one of those pharmacy tech tasks will probably be quicker if you’ve acquired your certificate after completing a licensed formal education program.
Job openings for pharmacy technicians won’t be an issue as a result of an on-demand need in their opinion. The number of individuals in need of prescription fill up is estimated to grow as the years passed, and hence necessitating the demand for longer technicians. You’ll discover also an growing number of on the web pharmacies which may want their particular pharmacy technicians. The salary speed nevertheless, for all these work settings will change and it is likely to be greatest that you execute your homework in your region regarding which one of these might give you the most income and advantages.
It really is definitely a great decision to go after pharmacy tech tasks because of many benefits that are obtainable to all those wise enough to be in this field. For as long as you will find individuals in demand of pharmacy services, there’ll often become a demand for pharmacy specialists. The well being of those sufferers however, ought to often function as the most important considerations and not your salary. You’ve a responsibility for these to serve them professionally and efficiently. Prescription glitches can and will happen however, you can lessen them out of occurring inside the proceedings that you will most likely accomplish your finest, making sure you’re exceptionally capable for considered a pharmacy technician. | <urn:uuid:dc2d7aad-c89e-4221-8117-d2375b7be6a4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://zithromaxantibiotic.us.com/tag/canadian-pharmacy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.961774 | 812 | 1.515625 | 2 |
At the Oregon Health Insurance Experiment, new findings show that Medicaid coverage had no detectable effect on the prevalence of diabetes, high cholesterol, or high blood pressure.
But substantially reduced depression, nearly eliminated catastrophic out-of-pocket expenditures, and increased the diagnosis of diabetes and the use of diabetes medication among low-income adults.
AdvertisementThe Oregon Health Insurance Experiment is the first use of a randomized controlled study design to evaluate the impact of covering the uninsured with Medicaid and provides important evidence for policy makers as the U.S. undertakes Medicaid expansion in 2014.
The study, led by Katherine Baicker, professor of health economics at Harvard School of Public Health and Amy Finkelstein, Ford professor of economics at MIT, appears in the May 2 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
"This study represents a rare opportunity to evaluate the costs and benefits of expanding public insurance using the gold standard of scientific evidencethe randomized controlled trial. Without a randomized evaluation, it's difficult to disentangle the effects of Medicaid from confounding factors like income and health needs that also affect outcomes," said Baicker, co-principal investigator of the study.
In 2008, Oregon held a lottery to give additional low-income, uninsured residents access to its Medicaid program; about 90,000 individuals signed up for the lottery for the 10,000 available openings. Approximately two years after the lottery, the researchers conducted more than 12,000 in-person interviews and health examinations of lottery participants in the Portland, Oregon metropolitan area, and compared outcomes between those randomly selected in the lottery and those not selected in order to determine the impact of Medicaid.
Some of the key findings:
- Medicaid reduced rates of depression by 9 percentage points (compared to the 30% of the control group screening positive for depression) and increased self-reported mental health.
- Medicaid virtually eliminated out-of-pocket catastrophic medical expenditures (defined as out-of-pocket medical expenditures in excess of 30% of household income) and reduced other measures of financial strain.
- Medicaid increased health care use, including use of physician services, prescription drugs, and preventive care.
The current study is part of an ongoing research program gathering a wide array of data sources to examine many different effects of Medicaid, and represents a collaboration between non-profit and academic researchers and state policy makers. A previous study looking at data collected about a year after the lottery found that Medicaid substantially increased health care use, increased self-reported health, and reduced financial strain. | <urn:uuid:6edceee3-7e31-4a65-bd71-fc9a29940870> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.medindia.net/news/expanding-medicaid-shows-no-improvement-in-physical-health-118312-1.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00299-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932678 | 508 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Chris has now pretty much completed sculpting the artillery, and has used his computer wizardry to produce some graphics to show what the models and figures will look like.
Austrian 6pdr Gun
The original idea was to produce an accurate as possible Austrian 6pdr, and below is the almost finished article. (The only issue I know of is that the elevating wedge (which will be a separate part) is too wide, so I have asked for it to be changed).
In order for the master figure to be robust enough to withstand repeated pressing in the mould making process, there have had to be some compromises, such as leaving out the lighter cross pieces in the carriage trail, and locating the lifting handles of the barrel too close together. It is (in my opinion) a great improvement over the guns in the Karoliner and Rossbach ranges, and a welcome addition to the range.
And here it is with crew in waistcoats.
Austrian 7pdr Howitzer
The Liechtenstein system used the same wheels for all guns, so there is clearly some scope for reusing the wheels. Also the carriage of the 7pdr howitzer is reasonably close to that of the 6pdr, (it should be a bit deeper and heavier, and the support for the elevating wedge is in the wrong place). However I did not think we should miss the opportunity to add a howitzer to the range, so I asked Chris to produce a howitzer barrel - here it is on the 6pdr carriage.
As discussed above, the elevating wedge is not in the right place. If it looks too far out when cast and made up, then a little work will be needed to cut out and move the wedge support forward and down - I don't have access to any castings, so cannot say how difficult it will be!
Barrels for other Nations
As the sculpting work progressed it became apparent that the gun would need to be split over two moulds, but the second would be half empty. This gave the opportunity to try and provide some reasonably representative artillery for other nations. There was no space for more wheels or carriages, but a couple of extra barrels could be squeezed in.
I carried out a review of all the information I had to hand and decided that a reasonable representation of some artillery could be provided on the Austrian carriage (purists turn away now)..........
Prussian light 12pdr
The closest I could find for the Prussians was the 12pdr M17/38, as this was a conic chambered piece it did not use such a large charge as a 'proper' 12pdr, so could sit on a smaller carriage. Here are details of the gun.............
....and here is the extra barrel on the Austrian carriage.
(Interestingly, if you look at the drawing, the Prussian barrel is identical size to the Austrian 12pdr, which also had the same wheel, but unfortunately the Austrian 12pdr carriage is 15% longer - worth a try at lengthening the cast carriage?)
And then for the Russians......
Russian 12pdr Unicorn
As far as I can figure out the 12pdr unicorn had the closest carriage size - drawings..
As far as I can see they were all way bigger than these pieces (unless you know better)?
Interestingly the French Vallier 8pdr and famous Prussian 12pdr 'Brummer' looked very similar - so they would make a nice addition. Prince August currently have no plans to make these, so if you want them a good case will need to be made.
If you have stuck it out this far your then please take the time to comment?
Another view of the crew better showing the wheel height. | <urn:uuid:d55452e4-89b5-487b-9434-0805495626a2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lacewarsintin.blogspot.com/2017/04/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570868.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808152744-20220808182744-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.96873 | 791 | 1.578125 | 2 |
- 1 Can adults learn tumbling?
- 2 What age should you stop gymnastics?
- 3 Is 25 too late to start gymnastics?
- 4 Is 30 too old to start gymnastics?
- 5 Is 12 too old to start gymnastics?
- 6 Is 7 too old to start gymnastics?
- 7 Why are gymnasts careers so short?
- 8 Why are gymnasts so short?
- 9 Is 21 too old to start gymnastics?
- 10 How old are Level 4 gymnastics?
- 11 Can I do gymnastics at 20?
- 12 What age did Simone Biles start gymnastics?
- 13 Is gymnastics hard on your body?
- 14 Does gymnastics stunt your growth?
Can adults learn tumbling?
Although you may not have a split it is possible with our adult class. When it comes to tumbling stretching is a very important. Tumbling is not something one has to have in their life but exercising is, Might as well have fun with it. Tumbling will assist you in learning body movement and body coordination.
What age should you stop gymnastics?
Gymnasts often retire young — in their late teens and early 20s — thanks to the intense physical and time commitments that elite competition demands.
Is 25 too late to start gymnastics?
Many people believe that 15 is too old to start gymnastics. 15, or 25 might be too late to start gymnastics if the intent is to become an Olympic competitor, but it is never too late to gain the benefits from practicing this sport.
Is 30 too old to start gymnastics?
Anyone can start gymnastics at any age. Gymnastics has more to offer than most people realize. There are many other reasons to take gymnastics classes. Gymnastics is one of the only sports that works the entire body.
Is 12 too old to start gymnastics?
You can begin gymnastics at almost any age you develop an interest, but you may want to stick with recreational gymnastics if you start older than 12. Starting later than 12 years old may not give you enough time to develop the skills you need to go up against people who have been at it since they were toddlers.
Is 7 too old to start gymnastics?
It’s extremely difficult (not impossible but very, very close to) to make it to an elite level if you’re starting after the age of 7 or 8. Gymnasts who wish to be competitive, but not elite/ collegiate will find that the optimum starting time is between the ages of 6 and 10.
Why are gymnasts careers so short?
Because you have to be in prime physical shape (15-18 years old when your body is much more limber and flexible) to be a gymnast. It is so hard to compete once your body starts giving out on you even just a little bit.
Why are gymnasts so short?
It is for a reason that gymnasts are mostly short. The shorter a gymnast is, the easier it is for them to rotate in the air or spin at high speeds. It is hard for long limbs and joints to handle intensive training. It can also be explained by keeping a law of physics in mind.
Is 21 too old to start gymnastics?
Usually, after the age of 12 you cant start learning gymnastics. Gymnastics is a sports that requires lot of body fitness, flexibility and practice. Even if you practice hard you can’t start learning gymnastics at an older age. A person should start his practice for gymnastics within the age of 5 for best results.
How old are Level 4 gymnastics?
*Level 4 gymnasts must be a minimum of 7 years of age to compete.
Can I do gymnastics at 20?
So yes, you can still get good at floor exercise, at the other gymnastics events and increase your flexibility at age 20. There are female gymnasts your age and older who have or are competing at the international level. You will most likely improve your flexibility quickest by getting a partner to help you.
What age did Simone Biles start gymnastics?
Biles first tried gymnastics at six years old as part of a day-care field trip. The instructors suggested she continue with gymnastics. Biles soon enrolled in an optional training program at Bannon’s Gymnastics. She began training with coach Aimee Boorman at age eight.
Is gymnastics hard on your body?
It’s no surprise that gymnastics is both a mentally and physically challenging sport. It focuses on body awareness, coordination, balance, and flexibility. So gymnasts train hard to build muscular strength and endurance without minimizing serious injuries.
Does gymnastics stunt your growth?
A study published in 2004 showed that intense gymnastics training can impact the musculoskeletal growth and maturation that is supposed to occur during puberty, but, research conducted by Malina et al, investigating the ‘Role of Intensive Training in the Growth and Maturation of Artistic Gymnasts’, found that | <urn:uuid:578f3651-f315-491f-8f51-1bf02fffcd5b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nwgymnastics.com/gymnastics/question-why-do-adult-gymnastics.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.951584 | 1,059 | 2.25 | 2 |
Urticaria pigmentosum is an eruptive skin disease, caused by a sudden increase in mast cells. Mast cells are released by the body, in response to an increase in inflammation, or during an allergic reaction. Urticaria pigmentosum is the most common form of cutaneous mastocytosis.
In response to excessive heat, or rubbing the skin, the mast cell releases a substance called histamine. The release of histamine produces the characteristic red-to-brown lesions, or hives on the skin. When lesions develop on areas of the skin directly caused by the irritation, it is referred to as the Darier's sign. Environmental and psychosocial factors can trigger an allergic reaction. Certain drugs (aspirin, codeine), excessive heat or friction, alcohol, stress, and infection, have all been considered as irritants that can cause a reaction.
Urticaria Pigmentosum is mostly caused by a mutation in the proto-oncogene, C-kit. C-kit is a transmembrane, that when bound, signals the Mast Cell Growth Factor (MCGF) to divide. A point mutation in the C-kit gene results in excessive mast cell production.
Diagnosis is usually done in infancy. It is a clinical diagnosis that can be confirmed by the physician, through rubbing on the patient’s skin. When the disease is diagnosed in adulthood, the disease may be more severe in presentation, including anaphylaxis and death. A biopsy of a skin lesion can be performed if there is doubt about the diagnosis.
Treatments for urticaria pigmentosum are the same as those used for cutaneous mastocytosis, and are aimed at mast cell stabilization. Antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers (cromolyn sodium) are used to prevent mast cell degranulation. Researchers suggest that nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker, may have mast cell stabilizing effects. Topical steroids under occlusion and phototherapy (PUVA) are common forms of treatment for adults.
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The medical information provided in this site is for educational purposes only and is the property of the American Osteopathic College of Dermatology. It is not intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice and shall not create a physician - patient relationship. If you have a specific question or concern about a skin lesion or disease, please consult a dermatologist. Any use, re-creation, dissemination, forwarding or copying of this information is strictly prohibited unless expressed written permission is given by the American Osteopathic College of Dermatology. | <urn:uuid:1ad212ca-0e2d-49dc-9ba3-5b6fa8248f4a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.aocd.org/page/UrticariaPigmentosum/Urticaria-Pigmentosum.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00493-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.926306 | 542 | 3.1875 | 3 |
Centennial Lecture Series presents: 'Leading the Way - Loyola and the Desegregation of New Orleans'
Loyola press release - April 10, 2012
While much of the South was resisting desegregation in the mid-20th century, Loyola University New Orleans students and faculty actively advocated for social reform and civil rights, making the university a model for other New Orleans institutions, as well as city government.
As a part of Loyola’s Centennial Celebration, the university presents “Leading the Way: Loyola and the Desegregation of New Orleans,” a candid discussion about the role Loyola played in the civil rights movement in New Orleans during the 1950s and 60s on today, April 10 at 7 p.m. in Nunemaker Auditorium. The event is free and open to the public, with free parking available in the West Road Garage.
The panel discussion will include Xavier University New Orleans President Norman Francis, J.D. ’55, H’82, who was one of the two African-Americans selected to integrate Loyola’s College of Law and its first black graduate. The panel will also feature former mayor Maurice “Moon” Landrieu ’52, J.D. ’54, H’79, H’05, who led the fight to desegregate city government and public facilities, and Loyola’s first African-American student body president and former vice president of Dillard University, Edgar L. “Dooky” Chase III ’71, J.D. ’83. The Rev. Bentley Anderson, S.J., Ph.D., associate professor in the African and African-American Studies Department at Fordham University and current member of Loyola’s Board of Trustees, will moderate the discussion. Anderson is also the author of “Black, White, and Catholic: New Orleans Interracialism, 1947-1956.”
For 100 years, Loyola University New Orleans has helped shape the lives of its students, as well as the history of New Orleans and the world, through educating men and women in the Jesuit tradition of academic excellence. The Centennial Lecture Series seeks to explore Loyola’s rich history as being a catalyst of change in social justice and ethics reform in this community and beyond.
For more information, contact Loyola’s Office of Public Affairs at 504-861-5448 or firstname.lastname@example.org.
LoyNews is an e-newswire produced by the Loyola University New Orleans Office of Public Affairs. LoyNews is distributed weekly to local, regional and national news media outlets, communicating the latest news and accomplishments of the university and its community. | <urn:uuid:cef7bf38-1e93-4736-97e9-4ba7b791f872> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.loyno.edu/news/loynews/20120410/2792/print | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00397-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946027 | 589 | 2.75 | 3 |
Tips for Growing Tall Sunflowers
Sunflowers grow best in full sun, getting 6+ hours per day. They will grow in just about any type of soil, but because they have deep roots and are heavy feeders, you may want to amend the soil before sowing. Till the soil 12″-18″ deep and amend it with compost, seaweed, fish emulsion, or composted manure. Also, consider a few side-dressings or supplemental feedings during the growing season. Sow seeds directly outdoors, because transplanted seedlings tend to grow less vigorously.
Also, seed generously to make up for seeds or seedlings that may be lost to birds, squirrels, or slugs. Then, for the largest sunflowers, when your plants are 2″-3″ tall, thin them to two feet apart. When plants are closer together, they compete for nutrients and don’t grow as large. Keep the planting area weed-free to eliminate nutrient and moisture competition.
Sunflowers are drought tolerant once established, but will grow larger with even moisture. Stake plants in windy conditions or if they become top-heavy. To keep birds or squirrels from munching on the seed heads, you can cover them with tulle, a fine netting, or burlap.
Check out our Mammoth. They are open-pollinated varieties that can reach 12′ tall, with impressively large, 12″ wide flower heads.
You may like (Sunflower Sow and Grow Guide) | <urn:uuid:5e27a86d-7879-437a-bcf5-86c092d6ab25> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pluttenponics.com/tips-for-growing-tall-sunflowers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.943875 | 317 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Henry Williams Ltd recently introduced a new Health And Safety awareness campaign. Aimed at encouraging a sound and developing safety culture, the image of company founder Henry Williams was used to illustrate the posters with the tag line “Henry Says”.
The company also recognise that employees may be reluctant to, or lack the confidence to report issues that fall outside of the formal reporting procedures for accidents and near miss events. Accordingly an anonomous reporting procedure was introduced in “Tell Henry”. Printed report slips can be completed and posted into one of the six “Tell Henry” boxes around site, which are regularly emptied with contents being reviewed, assessed and implemented where appropriate. Without this facility the potential exists for know issues to fail to come to light until something is damaged or worse still someone is injured. | <urn:uuid:b93ad748-9e3c-4a8a-b37a-71ab42025725> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hwilliams.co.uk/henry-says/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.970362 | 162 | 1.546875 | 2 |
The engineering students at Colorado State University hold an annual Engineering Days celebration, “E-Days,” to showcase undergraduate senior design projects. E-Days draws visitors from the community and industry, as well prospective students interested in exploring engineering.
Interact with our students and view a variety of engineering projects in-person at the Lory Student Center and Plaza.
E-Days was a huge success!
The campus and Fort Collins communities turned out in droves for E-days! It was a warm and sunny day, with students available both on the Plaza and the Ballroom to discuss their projects. Below is just a small sample of the excitement, including a list of our award winners!
- 1st – Ram Wastewater Solutions
- 2nd – Green & Gold Inc.
- 3rd – Topo Engineering
- 1st – Regenerative Braking Electric Skateboard
- 2nd – Electric GoKart
- 3rd – Emulation of Aerospace Actuation Systems
- 1st – NASA Robotic Mining
- 2nd – Prosthesis for Quadruple Amputee
- 3rd – Motorbike Swingarm Guards
- 1st – Nick Katsampes
- 2nd – Brady Hine
- 3rd – Jenna Stubbers
Our senior design projects cover a wealth of fascinating engineering and science research. Each project features information about the research.
Visit project lists below on individual department and program websites. | <urn:uuid:4bd51d34-fb73-431a-84ec-24a196b799c8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.engr.colostate.edu/current-students/engineering-days/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.942763 | 301 | 1.867188 | 2 |
How Funds are sold
Mutual Funds primarily depend upon individual agents and distribution companies to market their schemes to the investors. Nowadays, they also market their schemes directly.
The individual agents who sell schemes of various Mutual Funds also act as financial advisors to many investors. Hence they are required to clear various examinations before acting as an agent. Many Mutual Funds prefer to deal with distribution agency than individual agents as it is easier to manage. These distribution agencies, with their highly qualified executives, will be able to offer better financial advice than individual agents to the investors.
Nowadays, the sales officers and other employees of the investment companies directly approach the investors (particularly the high net worth individuals and corporate clients) to sell different schemes. However, most of the sales of Mutual Funds happen through other distribution route than from marketing directly.
Every Mutual Fund has a specified investment policy which will be described in the Mutual Fund's prospectus. A family of Mutual Funds will be managed by an Asset Management Company. This Asset Management Company will collect funds from investors and charge a management fee for operating them. They enable investors to invest across different market sectors and switch assets across funds while still benefiting from centralized record keeping.
The investment policies of different types of funds are as follows:
oEquity Funds. They invest in stock. However, they will hold 4% to 5% of their assets in money market securities to offer liquidity. Income funds will hold shares of firms giving high dividend yield and Growth funds will hold shares of firms that enable faster capital appreciation. Sector funds focus on a particular industry.
oDebt Funds. These funds invest in fixed-income securities. Different funds will concentrate on Treasury bills, corporate bonds, Mortgage-backed securities and other kinds of bonds. Some of the funds also specialize on maturity.
oIndex Funds. Index funds buy shares that are included in a particular index in proportion to each share's representation in that index. Investing in index funds is a passive strategy because the investors need not do any security analysis.
oMoney Market Funds. These funds invest in short-term low-risk instruments of the money market. Since the liquidity is high, some of the funds even offer cheque writing facilities to their investors.
Apart from these funds there are many different varieties of funds with unique investment policies like the international funds which invest in different securities across the world, the balanced funds which minimize risk without compromising heavily on growth opportunities and current income and the flexible funds which depend on market timing.
For more information, please visit: High Yield Money Market | <urn:uuid:5579fdd0-be11-402e-9feb-769effc43093> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bunbohuevida.com/how-do-mutual-funds-work | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00358-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950109 | 518 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Gavel is a project expo judging system.
It was originally built for HackMIT and first used at HackMIT 2015. It's been used at a number of other events since then.
See the demo video here!
Gavel is based on the method of pairwise comparisons. Before you use Gavel, it's highly recommended that you read about the philosophy behind the implementation as well as hints on how to use it in practice. Read this blog post first, and then read this blog post.
Gavel is stable software. We've used it successfully at HackMIT, and a bunch of other hackathons and events have used it too.
Gavel is a pretty different way of doing judging. If you want to use this for your hackathon or event, we highly recommend that you:
- Deploy it and play around with it ahead of time to get a feel for how the system works
- Read the blog posts linked above to get an idea of how to structure the judging process
If you have any questions, feel free to email me.
If you're able to contribute to making Gavel better, that would be awesome! We'd really appreciate any kind of input, especially pull requests.
The latest stable version is the
master branch (and it's signed and tagged).
Development happens in the
The web application is written in Python 3 using Flask. It also uses NumPy
and SciPy for math stuff. Doing a
pip install -r requirements.txt should
install all the dependencies.
The application uses Postgres for the database, so you need to have that on
your server. You need to create a database, which you can do with
gavel (unless you're using a different database name). Before you use the app,
you need to initialize the database by running
python initialize.py. Note
that Gavel does not preserve database schema compatibility between versions.
When testing, you can run the app with
python runserver.py. In production,
you should use something like Gunicorn to serve this. You can run
the app with
gunicorn -b :<PORT> -w <number of workers> gavel:app.
Before starting the app, copy
config.yaml and set
all the required settings (the ones that don't have default values).
Most settings can either be set in
config.yaml or set as environment
variables. There's more detailed documentation in
If you don't want to use the config file and use only environment variables,
set the environment variable
To set up the system, use the admin interface on
/admin. Log in with the
admin and the password you set. Once you're logged in, you can input
information for all the projects and judges.
As you add judges, they'll automatically get emails with invitation links. After that, the judging and ranking process is fully automated - the judge will be able to read the welcome text, and then they'll be able to start judging.
The admin panel will rank projects in real time, ordered by their inferred quality (Mu).
Admin Panel Features
- If you want to (temporarily) close the judging system, click the "Close" button under "Global Settings"
- If you need to force re-send the invite email, use the "Email" button for the judge in the admin panel
- If you need to manually give a judge a login link, direct them to
- If you want to send the next available judge to a certain project, use the "Prioritize" button
- If you need to deactivate projects or judges at any point, use the "Disable" button
- If a project hasn't been judged yet, you can delete it using the "Delete" button
- If a judge hasn't started yet, you can delete them using the "Delete" button
- If you need to see details for a project or judge, click on the item ID in
the admin panel
- If you need to edit a project (name, location, or description), you can do so on the item detail page
- If you want to sort the items in the admin panel, click on the table headers
Interested in hacking on Gavel? Awesome. See DEVELOPMENT.md for a dev setup guide.
See here for a list of groups that have used Gavel in the past. If you use Gavel for anything, please add yourself to the list (anyone can edit it)!
If you do end up using this for your competition or hackathon, I would love to hear about how it goes.
If anyone has questions, feel free to email Anish (firstname.lastname@example.org).
Do you have a feature request, bug report, or patch? Great! See CONTRIBUTING.md for information on what you can do about that.
Copyright (c) 2015-2016 Anish Athalye. Released under AGPLv3. See LICENSE.txt for details. | <urn:uuid:ab6be8b5-60c1-4f69-97ad-1378bcb8bfb9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://github.com/anishathalye/gavel | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00430-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.90432 | 1,049 | 2.328125 | 2 |
On 3 June 2016, Bulgaria deposited its instrument of ratification of the UPC Agreement with the General Secretariat of the Council of the EU (as required for the ratification to have effect). The Council published this step here. Bulgaria is the 10th country to take this step and, apart from the UK and Germany (the remaining two of the three mandatory ratifying countries), only one more country is required to ratify in order for the UPC Agreement to come into force. Once the 13th instrument of ratification is deposited the new system will come into effect three months later. Preparations are still on track for the UPC to be operational in Spring 2017. | <urn:uuid:87054e03-2bd5-4027-b020-6c8af68ac207> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=5e0a1c37-e2a3-4774-a33e-26d38ce95a45 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00288-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960987 | 132 | 1.835938 | 2 |
'Invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections in the United States' shows that hospital-caused MRSA infections are about triple previous estimates. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have consistently understated the size of the problem and have failed to call on
hospitals to take the steps needed to protect patients from these
NEW YORK, Oct. 17 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- Today, data in an article published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) indicated that the problem of hospital-acquired infections is far larger than previous CDC estimates. The article, assessing the number of MRSA "invasive" infections in the United States, shows that for every patient diagnosed with such an infection before being discharged from a healthcare facility, two more patients have actually picked up the germ while in the healthcare facility and only developed the visible signs of infections afterward. In addition, the data also showed that an increasing number of community acquired MRSA infections. It is important to note that these are from a different strain of bacteria, and these infections account for about one-sixth of all MRSA infections.
For several years, the Committee to Reduce Infection Deaths has warned that the CDC estimates were inadequate and its guidelines were inadequate. The CDC counted - as hospital infections - only infections diagnosed before the patients left the hospital, not infections that became apparent afterward. "This new data confirms the problem of hospital infections is far larger and deadlier than the CDC have admitted," says RID Chairman Betsy McCaughey, Ph.D. "The CDC's lax guidelines have given hospitals an excuse to do too little."
The data in JAMA also point to the steps that urgently need to be taken:
1. ALL hospitals should be inspected yearly for cleanliness. At present,
restaurants, and food processing plants are inspected specifically for
hygiene, but hospitals are not. MRSA spreads from patient to patient
on unclean hands, inadequately cleaned equipment, and contaminated
lab coats and hospital uniforms.
2. Every state should have a patient-screening bill passed. You cannot
stop an infection if you do not know the source. At present only
Illinois, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey have passed such legislation.
The research is compelling that screening hospital patients for the
MRSA bacterium is an essential step to stop the rapid spread of MRSA
in hospitals. RID has a model screening bill.
Without rigorous cleaning and routine MRSA screening - "screening and cleaning" - MRSA infections will continue to rage out of control.
For more than three years, the Committee to Reduce Infection Deaths has worked to increase awareness of and towards the eradication of hospital- acquired infections. Chairman, founder, and former Lieutenant Governor of New York State, Betsy McCaughey is available for interview immediately at 917-748-0227 or 212-534-3047.
|SOURCE Betsy McCaughey Chairman for the Committee to ReduceInfection|
Copyright©2007 PR Newswire.
All rights reserved | <urn:uuid:7007d6cc-564c-43ee-a222-4e4a0aa135d0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bio-medicine.org/medicine-news-1/The-Journal-of-the-American-Medical-Association--28JAMA-29-Article-Reveals-Scope-of-MRSA-Infections-3884-1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00281-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945384 | 639 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Endodontics is the dental specialty that deals with the dental pulp inside of a tooth. Within the dental pulp are the tooth nerves. When a tooth is compromised, the inside can be susceptible to decay. An endodontist treats the inside of the tooth in order to save the tooth structure. Our primary goal is to save your natural teeth whenever possible.
Root canal, or endodontic, treatment may be necessary when the pulp tissue inside the root canals of a tooth becomes infected or damaged, which can be caused by dental trauma or decay. The pulp, which is located inside the root canals, contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue. A tooth generally has between one and four root canals. A root canal procedure may be performed on a single root canal or multiple root canals within a tooth.
Second Opinion: If you have been told that a previous root canal has failed or that a tooth needs to be removed, be sure to get a second and third opinion. According to the ADA, replacing a single tooth with an implant can cost from $4,000 – $6,000. While implants can be a great solution, you should first make sure that all possibilities of saving the tooth have been exhausted. Please give our office a call to schedule an appointment for a second, or even third, opinion. | <urn:uuid:16734de2-d954-4e29-a263-3dbc75ff293f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.njrootcanal.com/services/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.95148 | 276 | 2.828125 | 3 |
TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM) risk is lowered in women who experience migraines, according to the results of a large observational study of French, female patients. With headache disorders being the second leading cause of disability in the world, and diabetes in fourth position, new insights into the link between these two disorders will be of great value to many patients across the globe.
Since data on the link between these common conditions are sparse, researchers analysed results of a survey that included >70,000 French women who answered questions on migraine every few years between 1990 and 2014. The participants were members of a health insurance scheme, allowing information on T2DM diagnoses to be accessed via the insurance scheme’s drug reimbursement database.
The investigation highlighted that women who had experienced migraine in the period since the last survey, known as having active migraine, were around 30% less likely to develop T2DM compared to women who had not experienced migraine in the past. The team also noted that the number of migraines experienced declined in the years preceding a diagnosis of diabetes. It was suggested that migraines may lower the risk of women developing T2DM, potentially due to involvement of calcitonin gene-related peptide, which plays a role in glucose metabolism as well as the pathogenesis of migraine. Prior studies have shown that the density of calcitonin gene-related peptide sensory nerve fibres is reduced in rat models of diabetes, reinforcing this hypothesis.
Following these insightful results, the team speculated that migraine may have beneficial effects on certain aspects of a patient’s health, and that diabetes could suppress or reduce migraine; however, it is also possible that diabetes doctors are simply treating headaches in their patients and headache disorder specialist care is not required. While this research sheds light on this inverse association, the reasons for the connection are still unclear and further research is required to investigate the factors that reduce or raise the risk of T2DM and/or migraines. | <urn:uuid:c94ae07c-8fae-4683-b485-d2049bfdbf73> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.emjreviews.com/diabetes/news/a-link-between-migraine-and-type-2-diabetes-mellitus/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.963591 | 407 | 2.765625 | 3 |
The Great Eastern Schism is one of the darkest moments in Church history. Just like subsequent schisms, it was based on politics under the guise of Church doctrine. The Church in the East, based in Constantinople, started to become a state church of the emperor, whereas the Church in the West, based in Rome, aligned its strengths with the kings of France and emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
The division came about in a matter of Church policy and governance. Ignatios was the Patriarch of Constantinople from 847–858, and was the son of the Byzantine Emperor Michael. He had arrived just after the second wave of iconoclasm (heresy denying the use of icons, statues, or any images of Jesus and the saints) which lasted from 814–842. In his zeal to restore icons and orthodoxy to the Eastern Church within the Eastern Byzantine Empire, he stepped on some toes, including those of the Archbishop of Syracusa who appealed to the bishop of Rome, Pope Leo IV, for help. This caused tension between the East and West of the Church. Ignatios was later deposed in 858 and replaced by Photios, who was installed by Emperor Michael III (not the same Emperor Michael who was Ignatios’ father). Ignatios then appealed to Pope Nicholas I just as the Archbishop of Syracusa had done to Pope Leo IV. Photios was deposed in 867 when the emperor was murdered, and Ignatios reclaimed the office of patriarch of Constantinople from 867–877. When he died, Photios returned as patriarch from 877–886. The political intrigue back and forth between the Byzantine Emperor and the pope in Rome only continued to escalate as the patriarchs of Constantinople fell under the tight grip and control of the Eastern Emperor. The pope, on the other hand, had no secular rival, as the barbarians had defeated the Roman emperors back in 476.
Relations between the pope in Rome and the patriarch of Constantinople were at an all-time low in the eleventh century. Patriarch Michael Cerularius considered the Latin Catholics to be heretics since they used unleavened bread in their Mass whereas Eastern Christian custom is to use only leavened bread. Sicily had been under Byzantine control for centuries until the Normans conquered and established Latin (Western) Church customs and clergy. Pope Leo IX in 1048 sought to reestablish Latin control over the Italian peninsula and to encourage—or, if necessary, coerce—the Byzantines to return back to the East, at least to Constantinople, and leave the Western church to the control of the bishop of Rome.
Patriarch Cerularius retaliated in 1052 by closing all Latin churches in Constantinople in response to the Greek Byzantine churches in Sicily being “Romanized” as he called it. Pope Leo sent Cardinal Humbert as his legate to sort things out. Meanwhile, Cerularius began to stir up antagonism against the Latin Church by complaining that the Roman Pope inserted the “filioque” into the Nicene Creed (325 AD) without proper authority. While the pope has such authority as Supreme Head of the Church and Successor of Saint Peter, in reality it was the Catholic Church in sixth century Spain that inserted the filioque into the Nicene Creed, and it became more prevalent and popular in the West over time.
To this day, the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Byzantine Catholic Church omit the words “and the Son” (filioque in Latin) from the part of the Creed which reads that the Holy Spirit “proceeds from the Father.” The West (Latin) Church retains this phrase, however, and professes every Sunday and holy day that the Holy Spirit “proceeds from the Father and the Son.” A theological controversy of minor proportions, the filioque became the smokescreen by which both Cerularius and Humbert put a final wedge between East and West.
Cardinal Humbert, legate of Pope Leo IX, entered Hagia Sophia (1054 AD) in Constantinople and left the papal bull of excommunication of Patriarch Cerularius on the altar. And thus the Schism between East and West formally began. | <urn:uuid:99866337-e545-4f2f-8498-f567c888758c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://superbeefy.com/why-did-the-great-eastern-schism-occur-and-when/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00469-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971835 | 871 | 3.90625 | 4 |
What Does Estate Mean?
An estate is the total collection of items of value that belong to a person. It is what they pass onto to their beneficiaries when they die. In the context of Insurance, life insurance is commonly used in estate planning, and it is often part of the estate that a decedent passes onto a beneficiary.
Insuranceopedia Explains Estate
Many people choose to purchase life insurance policies for the purpose of increasing the value of the estate that they pass on to their children, spouses or other beneficiaries. Moreover, life insurance proceeds or other cash value accumulated in the policy can help beneficiaries conclude the decedent's affairs. The available sum is oftentimes also exempt from certain taxes. This can make life insurance even more appealing for estate planning. | <urn:uuid:cae6b694-9813-4160-a364-335c85f3f7d7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.insuranceopedia.com/definition/325/estate | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572127.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815024523-20220815054523-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.949103 | 156 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Trucks & BusesIC-3101X
Protect the Engine, Extending Service Intervals
Millions of trucks and buses worldwide carry heavy loads and passengers through dense city traffic and cross country excursions every day. The engines and drive train in trucks and buses are especially exposed to wear and tear. This is due to constant operation, accumulated mileage and stop and go traffic. The result is lower vehicle performance over time, frequent breakdowns with costly service requirements and lower fuel efficiency.
Less Heat, Fewer Breakdowns
NanoGuard® Anti-Wear & Anti-Friction lubricants are made of proprietary super strong tungsten disulphide Multi-Layer IC-3101X IF-WS₂ Nano-Spheres which act like Nano-Ball Bearings significantly lowering friction and heat, thereby protecting your equipment.
At the same time, contact pressure causes nano-spheres to release tribofilms (layers) that attach to surface asperities and smooth them, thereby extending mechanical efficiency and apparatus life along with fuel savings.
Not just for Oil, Grease Alternatives are now Available
NanoGuard® products include Extreme Pressure & Extreme Temperature capable (AW / AF) Grease developed to significantly improve performance in the other vital elements machinery developed for use in extreme applications of trucks & buses.
- Tri-Fold Reduction in mechanical wear due to the elastic Nano-Ball Bearing effect of the IF-WS₂ particles
- Reduction in temperature thus preventing overheating and premature failure of equipment.
- Increased service intervals by up to 2.5 times
- Extreme Pressure & Temperature properties with increased performance under load
- Reduced friction leads to fewer breakdowns
- Reduction of Vibration & Mechanical Noise
- Optimized for lasting Performance in Extreme Conditions | <urn:uuid:899bad2a-eab1-48ab-87ec-24f4a1df2ef6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nanoguard.energy/trucks-and-buses/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.906584 | 370 | 1.664063 | 2 |
It can be an emotionally unpleasant experience to watch someone you care for struggle with substance use disorder. It’s even more distressing to live with an addiction to alcohol or drugs. Because the use of drugs or alcohol can alter the way your brain functions, it can be extremely difficult or impossible to quit without help.
Even if you have the best intentions and genuinely want to end your relationship with substances, it takes more than willpower alone. But all hope is not lost because, thankfully, through medical research, there are new, safe ways of quitting and recovering, like NAD+ treatment.
What is NAD+ and How Does it Work?
Addiction depletes the brain of neurotransmitters, and neuronal dysfunction can be persistent. As a result, the more you use drugs or excessively drink alcohol, the brain’s functions deteriorate. There is an endless cycle of decline from each day to the next, which makes the brain incapable of fighting substance misuse. The degeneration makes it harder for the brain to take part in your recovery.
NAD+ or Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide helps with neurotransmitter production and function. Neurotransmitters constantly keep the brain operating to control many things like:
- Psychological functions like pleasure, fear, mood, etc.
NAD+ is an active enzyme variation of vitamin B-3 or niacin, which evidence shows can also act as a natural neurotransmitter. It is a coenzyme that occurs naturally in the body to rejuvenate cells and produce energy. The natural process of this cellular energy production happens when we digest food.
What is NAD+ Therapy?
NAD Therapy and treatment refer to the intravenous infusion of NAD+ along with supplements and vitamins. The therapy promotes overall wellness, but research shows it can positively affect the body when used as part of addiction recovery. Many experts consider NAD+ the “crown jewel of detoxification.”
By providing a person with infusions of NAD+, the individual’s body will boost NAD+ that with regular therapeutic doses can help with brain function, improve cellular communication between molecules, and repair DNA. These outcomes from NAD+ treatment, when combined with traditional psychotherapy, are what makes NAD+ therapy so beneficial and successful for people with substance use disorder to sustain their recovery.
What Are the Benefits of NAD Treatment for Addiction?
When you are struggling with an addiction, you are not merely dealing with a particular substance. You are also battling with a complex mental and behavioral health condition. With substance or alcohol use disorder, there is a disruption of communication to and from the brain. That is why it isn’t easy for many people to stay in recovery or sustain cessation. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, up to 60% of people in recovery have a relapse. But don’t let that discourage your efforts. NAD+ can help.
NAD+ treatment has become a powerful aid in helping many people on their path through recovery. One reason this holistic alternative to medication-based addiction treatment is successful in recovery is that it reduces withdrawal symptoms. By bringing a more natural method of soothing ease into the withdrawal period, you’ll be able to have an easier transition into sobriety. NAD+ treatment may make your recovery feel more attainable.
While you receive NAD+ therapy at a luxury rehab center, you not only have fewer withdrawal symptoms, but you’ll also work with a dedicated team of professionals. Mental health clinicians can provide individual or group psychotherapy to address your possible co-occurring or underlying psychological needs. You’ll have support as you detoxify from your substance or alcohol use dependencies.
Typically, the more a person misuses a substance, like opioids, crystal meth, cocaine, or alcohol, their body loses many essential vitamins and nutrients. As a detoxifier, NAD+ replaces these depleted nutrients. The therapeutic coenzymes clean the brain and flush the body of any stored toxic substances. NAD+ restores cells and gives the brain back energy that drugs prevent it from receiving during food breakdown.
With the brain’s regained balance and improved function, many people also report having:
- Enhanced mental clarity
- Energy levels
- Overall mood
The effectiveness of NAD+ treatment can foster the confidence you and your body need to speed up your recovery.
Is NAD+ Treatment Safe for Addiction Recovery?
In the traditional treatment of substance use disorder, doctors often prescribe medication, like Suboxone or methadone, to replace the misused substance. Unfortunately, despite their effectiveness, these replacement drugs sometimes have a potential risk of abuse and redirected addiction.
NAD+ is not a drug. It is a natural compound in your body. NAD+ treatment for addiction recovery is safe because it is a healthy way of boosting the coenzyme essential for health and wellness. Therefore, not only do you stand to have a more successful recovery, but you also improve your physical health by repairing biological systems in your body damaged by the use of legal and illicit drugs or alcohol.
You may have tried to quit drugs or alcohol in the past and failed, but it doesn’t have to be like that this time. There is still research needed to determine any long-term effects of this holistic therapy. Even though NAD+ is not a cure, it could make your first, second, or even third attempt to quit drugs or alcohol at a luxury rehab center, like Wish Recovery, worth the try. | <urn:uuid:931c0197-a813-4753-8006-076abb15bbe4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://soberrecovery.com/addiction/a-simple-guide-to-understanding-nad-treatment-for-addiction/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00276.warc.gz | en | 0.93956 | 1,137 | 2.421875 | 2 |
At first glance, the bright red shipping container that sits by the side of the road in a slum outside Johannesburg doesn’t look like something that could transform hundreds of lives. Two sliding doors open to reveal a small shop counter, behind which sit rows of canned food, toilet paper, cooking oil, and first-aid supplies. Solar panels on the roof power wireless Internet and a television, for the occasional soccer game. And two faucets dispense free purified drinking water to anyone who wants it.
Dean Kamen's slingshot water purifier.
Created primarily by Coca-Cola and Deka Research and Development, the New Hampshire company founded by inventor Dean Kamen, the container is meant to be a kind of "downtown in a box": a web-connected bodega-cum-community center that can be dropped into underdeveloped villages all over the world. Coke calls it an Ekocenter. It’s a pithy name, but it masks the transformative technology hidden within the container.
Tom Foster takes a look at the Dean Kamen's slingshot water purifier.
Inside the big red box sits a smaller one, about the size of a dorm fridge, called a Slingshot. It was developed by Kamen, the mastermind behind dozens of medical-equipment inventions and, most famously, the Segway personal transportation device. Kamen is the closest thing to a modern-day Thomas Edison. He holds hundreds of patents, and his creations have improved countless lives. His current projects include a robotic prosthetic arm for DARPA and a Stirling engine that generates affordable electricity by using “anything that burns” for fuel. The Slingshot, more than 10 years in the making, could have a bigger impact than all of his other inventions combined.
Using a process called vapor compression distillation, a single Slingshot can purify more than 250,000 liters of water per year, enough to satisfy the needs of about 300 people. And it can do so with any water source—sewage, seawater, chemical waste—no matter how dirty.
Kamen’s company, Deka, inhabits three refurbished 19th-century textile-mill buildings in Manchester, New Hampshire. Photo courtesy: Popular Science
For communities that lack clean water, the benefit is obvious, but to realize that potential, the Slingshot needs to reach them first. Which is where Coke comes in: The company is not just a soft-drink peddler; it is arguably the largest, most sophisticated distribution system in the world. That’s important because the scale of the water crisis the world faces is unprecedented.
Water seems so abundant it’s easy to forget how many people don’t have a clean source of it. According to the World Health Organization, nearly a billion people lack ready access to safe drinking water, and hundreds of thousands die every year as a result. Many more fall terribly ill.
Plenty of water-purification tools exist, of course—chlorine tablets, reverse-osmosis plants—but they all have drawbacks. Either they’re not adequately portable; they require replacement parts that can be hard to come by; or, most vexing of all, they remove only certain kinds of impurities, leaving others to poison the unwitting.
Kamen calls the global water crisis a “Goliath” of a problem, which suggests that he is David. He offers a quick refresher on biblical lore: David, it bears remembering, defeated Goliath with a slingshot.
"In my life, nothing is ever simple or easy,” Kamen says. “I didn’t wake up one day and say, ‘Wow, there’s a global water problem. I think I’ll work on that.’ ” He’s sitting in his office in an old brick mill building by the Merrimack River in Manchester, New Hampshire. A life-size cardboard Darth Vader leans against one wall, and a wooden chair painted to resemble a seated Albert Einstein sits among a circle of leather swivel chairs. Photos of Kamen’s various helicopters (he’s had a number over the years and occasionally flies to Deka from his hilltop estate) hang on the wall while outtakes from his dad’s work as an illustrator for Mad Magazine and Tales from the Crypt decorate the hallway outside.
When we first sat down, I asked Kamen a simple question: How did you get interested in the water crisis? The answer turned into a highlights tour of his career, before he became famous or wealthy. Kamen is a natural storyteller, and his narrative unspools at high speed. Now 63, he grew up in Long Island, New York, and he ended up leaving college to start his first company, AutoSyringe, in 1976, to address a problem he’d heard about from his brother, a medical student: Certain patients needed such frequent treatment that trips to the hospital prevented them from living productive lives. Kamen’s solution was the world’s first wearable infusion pump, which administered doses of medication automatically. It was a hit, and Kamen sold AutoSyringe to Baxter International, a health-care company. He was just 30 years old.
Suddenly a millionaire, Kamen moved to Manchester and started Deka (derived from his first and last names). With a few exceptions, such as the now ubiquitous Segway, much of the company’s work has focused on medical innovations that solve lifestyle problems. One such project, begun 20-some years ago, was a machine to reinvent dialysis for patients with failing kidneys. Baxter International had built a device to do what’s called peritoneal dialysis, which involves filling the abdomen with a sterile saline solution and using the body’s own membranes to filter the blood. It’s less traumatic than hemodialysis, which requires passing blood through an external filter, but the contraption was noisy and bulky. The company asked Kamen to refine it.
Coca-Cola launched the first Ekocenter in Heidelberg, South Africa in August 2013. A slingshot attached to the faucets provides clean water. Courtesy Coca Cola
Called HomeChoice, Kamen’s design was small enough to fit on patients’ nightstands and quiet enough that they could sleep while it worked. The machine required a lot of purified water, however—many gallons a day per patient—and that wasn’t cost-effective. Kamen’s instinct: Invent a medical-grade water purifier, so that patients could use water from their faucets as the base for their dialysis solution. He knew that existing purification systems, mostly based on filtration, weren’t exacting enough to meet his needs, so he looked to distillation. In Kamen’s eyes, distillation was magical in its simplicity. “The sun will evaporate the water out of an open latrine, and it will leave behind all of the bioburden, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia,” he says. “It will even separate the water from the arsenic and hexavalent chromium in a chemical waste site.”
As is so often the case, innovation, when it strikes, is an obvious-in-retrospect connection between seemingly disparate ideas. Kamen’s unique brand of genius is that he can recognize those connections and see their potential where others can’t.
But fitting one of the planet’s most elegant systems into a home appliance is not without its challenges. For his distillation machine to work, it would need to boil many gallons of water per hour, and that would require more energy than everything else in a typical U.S. home combined. So Kamen and his engineers exploited another basic scientific principle. To vaporize, water must get hot, and to do that, it absorbs energy. When the vapor condenses back into liquid, that energy gets released. If the team could recycle it, Kamen reasoned, they’d have a much more efficient process. They designed a “counterflow heat exchanger” that would run cool incoming liquid past superheated distilled water that had been vaporized and compressed. The difference in temperature would simultaneously cool the outgoing water and flash-boil the incoming liquid. All they would need is enough energy to get some water boiling and a little extra energy to power a compressor.
Kamen leans forward and grins as he ties the first chapter of his story together. “We said, ‘Wait, we can build a device that could take any input water, whether it’s got bioburden, organics, inorganics, chrome . . .and we can make pure water come out? We can put it in somebody’s house and make a supply of water for injection that would meet the U.S. Pharmacopeial standard, on less power than a handheld hair dryer, and we could make a thousand liters a day?’ ” Imagine how valuable that could be.
As the plan for his water purifier took shape, Kamen found himself thinking a lot about disaster relief. Whenever an earthquake or tsunami struck, aid organizations would request clean water before anything else because local supplies were tainted with sewage or chemicals. Kamen thought, “I’ve been trying to make a box small enough that you could carry it around for mobile dialysis, and it makes 250 gallons a day—that would be enough for a hundred people in a crisis.” More to the point, why not use the machine to help entire villages, or even nations, with persistent water needs?
“There are nearly a billion people in the world that get up every morning and their primary goal is to find water,” Kamen says. “Many travel great distances to find water that won’t kill them. And sadly, hundreds of thousands of times a year it does kill, mostly kids.” With Kamen’s purifier, people could just stick a hose in their dirty laundry water, a polluted river, or even their own toilet pit, and crystal-clear, microbe-free water would stream out of the machine.
The question was how to get the purifiers mass-produced and into the hands of those who needed them. Kamen started by approaching global aid organizations. Jim Scott, who works in business development for Deka, says the groups simply weren’t set up to scale the technology. “I think it’s probably very daunting if you’re an organization that doesn’t do that,” he says.
The medical and pharmaceutical companies Kamen had worked with over the years weren’t much better positioned to help. They had infrastructure in developed nations but not in the 100-odd countries where he hoped to see the technology deployed.
Frustrated, Kamen had another obvious-in-retrospect insight. “You talk to people that travel a lot and they say, ‘If there’s one thing you can buy anywhere in the world, it’s a Coke.’ You know the joke: A guy takes three weeks climbing to the top of Mount Everest; he gets to the top and buys himself a Coke. So I thought, Coke is something you drink, and they have coolers that are about the size of our machine, and they have bottling partnerships around the world. I’m going to go and try to convince them to do this.”
Coke’s response to Kamen’s unorthodox overture: Glad to hear from you, but how about doing another project first? That was in 2005, and one of the company’s challenges at the time was to develop a better soda fountain. Kamen teamed up with Nilang Patel, the former head of Coke’s research lab. Drawing from medical equipment Kamen had developed to precisely administer insulin and chemotherapy drugs, they created the Freestyle. The freestanding dispenser combines concentrated ingredients stored in small cartridges (as opposed to five-gallon bags of syrup) with carbonated water and sweeteners to create as many as 100 different drinks.
By 2009, the Freestyle was in production, and Kamen reminded Coke about the handshake deal to pursue what he was by then calling the Slingshot. In the interim, though, Coke had gotten a new CEO and chairman, Muhtar Kent. Kamen feared he’d have to “grovel and beg” for support, but, he says, “within a couple of minutes of meeting Muhtar, I realized he’s not like an accounting guy; he’s a big-picture, global thinker.
“‘Dean,’ he says to me, ‘if we can make the water, why can’t we do other things too?’ ” Providing clean water could be the cornerstone of what’s known as a bottom-of-the-pyramid strategy for developing markets. By providing the poorest people in the world with new technologies, services, and opportunities, a company can help lift them out of poverty and transform them into viable customers. Hence, the Ekocenter concept took shape as a companion to the water purifier, at least in some markets.
“We believe Coca-Cola’s business can only be as healthy as the community it is part of, so the well-being of the community is important to our long-term strategy,” says Derk Hendriksen, the general manager of the Ekocenter program. Notably, the company won’t directly profit from the program; each “downtown in a box” will operate as a standalone business run by a local entrepreneur, typically a woman, selected and trained by Coke. (That the soda giant enjoys an image boost in the process goes without saying.)
In 2011, Coke and Deka sent 15 Slingshots to Ghana for a six-month field test where they provided clean water to five rural schools. In fall 2013, Coke and its partners announced a goal to place up to 2,000 units (either standalone Slingshots or Ekocenters) around Africa, Asia, and Latin America by the end of 2015. “The commitment we made is to provide 500 million liters of safe drinking water to communities in need on a yearly basis,” Hendriksen says. That would translate into improving the lives of 500,000 people a year.
Kamen, being Kamen, sees the current goals of the Coke partnership as the first step toward a much larger one. “Fifty percent of all the people in the developing world suffer from waterborne pathogens,” he says. “We’d empty half the beds in all the hospitals in the world if we just gave people clean water.” The Slingshot won’t be the solution for all of those people, Kamen says, but he sees no reason not to strive for that.
One way he might extend the reach of the Slingshot is to pair it with his energy-efficient Stirling generator, another longtime passion project. Rather than by internal combustion, a Stirling engine works by expanding and contracting a gas in a closed system by heating and cooling it. The concept dates from the early 1800s but never found much practical use. The engine in Kamen’s generator requires nothing more than waste, leaves, or some other flammable material for fuel; a test unit in Bangladesh ran for six months on cow dung. Combined with a Slingshot, the Stirling generator would enable the purification of water anywhere, regardless of access to the electric grid or a bunch of solar panels on an Ekocenter.
This is crucial because many of the places that lack clean water also lack reliable electricity. Kamen has already established a relationship with NRG Energy, the same company that supplies solar panels to the Ekocenters, to discuss development. “We can bring base power to more than a billion people,” he says. That’s more than twice the number of people he could help with Slingshot alone and nearly a quarter of the global population. Of course, it would never occur to Dean Kamen to stop there.
Dean Kamen At A Glance
Education: Dropped out of college
Company: Deka Research and Development
Why you’ve heard of him: He developed the Segway, along with dozens of medical devices
Passion: He founded FIRST, which sponsors student robotics competitions. Last year, 350,000 kids (and 28,800 robots) participated globally.
How It Works: Slingshot Water Purifier
The system needs only enough energy to start the first boil, and a little more to power the compressor and pump. That’s supplied by an outlet or a solar panel; all the subsequent boiling and cooling self-perpetuates.
One: The user places a hose in any dirty water source—say, a polluted river or well—and a small pump draws the fluid into a boiling chamber. As the water reaches roughly 100°C, it turns to steam, which leaves behind any pollutants. They flow out of the chamber via a separate hose.
Two: The steam rises into a compressor, which squeezes it and thereby raises its pressure and its temperature by about 10°C more. The high-pressure vapor now has a higher boiling point, which means it can condense back into water at a temperature greater than 100°C.
Three: A counterflow heat exchanger runs the superheated water past the incoming flow of dirty water. The process heats the incoming water and cools the hot water to room temperature. That distilled water is ready to drink, while the dirty water vaporizes and begins the process all over again.
[The article originally appeared in the June 2014 issue of Popular Science.] | <urn:uuid:5306bd2f-da46-4240-b71c-cbea7ba76003> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thedailystar.net/slingshot-water-purifier-it-can-save-millions-28993 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00079-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958768 | 3,764 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Stacking Toy - Wooden Rainbow Toy Sorting, stacking and plugging
This toy for 1 year olds is a fantastic addition to our growing range of sorting, stacking and plugging toys. This adaptation of our stacking toy is specifically designed for little learners. The shapes are thicker and rounder, making them easy for little hands to grip.
Rainbow toys are visually beautiful and make an aesthetically pleasing addition to your playroom or toy shelf. This set is the finest quality. It is manufactured using 100% FSC approved wood and the bright, bold colours are water-based, making them perfect for hours of safe play.
As well as looking beautiful, our rainbow wooden early years stacker is perfect for developing colour recognition. You can teach your little learners the names of the different colours included in this set. This, in turn, will help them to recognise and name colours in daily activities.
Stacking toys are perfect for developing those all-important fine motor skills. Kids will practice precise hand movements to pick up and place the shapes and hand-eye coordination is required to stack them on the wooden stand.
With 225 years of continued customer happiness, we pride ourselves on our exceptional customer service. Our toys and games are made with love and care.
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223 Robert Street National Historic Site of Canada
223 Robert Street
223, rue Robert
Links and documents
Listed on the Canadian Register:
Statement of Significance
Description of Historic Place
223 Robert Street is an ornate one and one-half storey wooden residence designed in the Queen Anne style. Built in 1905, its picturesque quality is enhanced by its location in a residential cluster containing several houses of similar style, scale and age. The house occupies a lot located near the waterfront in the Victoria West area of Victoria, British Columbia. The formal recognition refers to the building on its lot.
223 Robert Street was designated a National Historic Site of Canada because it is a particularly good example of the Queen Anne Revival Style, as expressed in domestic architecture.
On the West Coast, hallmarks of this architectural style, including cornertowers and rich decorative detailing, were occasionally applied to wooden picturesque cottage designs with striking results. The house built for James McLearen Muirhead in 1905 is an outstanding example, replete with an octagonal corner tower affording ocean views and a rich array of exterior and interior wood detailing supplied by the Muirhead family’s local planing mill.
Source: Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada, Minutes, November 1990.
The key elements relating to the heritage value of this site include:
-its siting on its original city lot and its location near the waterfront;
-the relationship between the house and the waterfront;
-its materials and forms, all of which are consistent with domestic architecture in the
Queen Anne Style, including its rectangular massing under a hipped roof, elaborated by a corner tower, projecting gable-roofed bay, brick chimneys, decorative bracketing and eaves detailing, varied fenestration, and exterior wall surfaces;
- surviving elements of the original interior plan and detailing, notably panelling and joinery in the main hall and parlour, four fireplaces, carved columns, ceiling plasterwork, stained glass and mouldings.
Government of Canada
Historic Sites and Monuments Act
National Historic Site of Canada
Theme - Category and Type
- Expressing Intellectual and Cultural Life
- Architecture and Design
Function - Category and Type
- Multiple Dwelling
- Single Dwelling
Architect / Designer
Location of Supporting Documentation
National Historic Sites Directorate, Documentation Centre, 5th Floor, Room 89, 25 Eddy Street, Gatineau, Quebec
Cross-Reference to Collection
223 Robert Street
223 Robert Street is a one-and-one-half storey wood frame house on a large residential lot surrounded by mature trees and hedge, located in the Victoria West neighbourhood. It is… | <urn:uuid:d079c920-ab99-47df-af8a-5be3d33657b1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=4113&pid=0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00000-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.893198 | 558 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Guest Author - Jason P. Ruel
Communicate. It is a simple word, really. It means to relay a message from one thing to another. It means to pass along your wishes to the person who is about to perform a service on you. Communication is key to success in the salon, and it is not a right, but it is definitely your duty, and your cosmetologists.
Why is it important to communicate? If you tell the stylist what you want, shouldn’t they be able to just do it? In this business, my number one rule is never to assume you understand anything the client says until you get confirmation. This is why communication is key. You cannot just assume you will get the trim you want when you just tell your stylist to “trim” you.
Consider this example. The other day I had a male client sit in my chair. I asked him how his day was. He was very cordial and said it was going well. I then proceed to ask him what he would like to get from our visit today. His answer was simple, to the point, and very blunt. He said, “I would like it short. Off the ears. Clean up the sideburns. And, I would like a little off the top to blend into the sides”. Sounds simple and to the point, right? No. What we need to consider is the following: What is short? What is off the ears? What is cleaning up the sideburns? What is a little off the top? If I do not understand what he means by all the qualifications he gave me, I will not be able to give him what he asked for. I cannot and will not assume I would know what he meant because ever person has a different definition of what short, over the ears, off the top, and cleaning up, means. I proceed to ask him to define exactly what he means by all those qualifications he gave me. Because I did, I found out he wanted a number 2 (1/4 inch) clipper to the sides and back, tapering of the sideburns and to shorten them to mid ear, clean cut over the ear revealing skin, squared in the back on the nape of the neck, and 2 inches off the top with blending in the sides.
It is very important to communicate. Many of us feel a fear when we go to communicate. What you as the consumer need to understand is, we as your service provider want to give you the best experience possible. We want to give you what you wish to leave the salon with. We cannot read your mind. We can attempt to read your body language and between the lines, but we will most likely get it wrong. It is your duty to make us understand what you want. If your stylist just shakes their head and begin to cut or prep your hair after you tell them what you want (even if you are very specific), you need to stop them and make them CONFIRM with their own mouth what you are exactly asking for. Until you are sure that you both are on the same page, DO NOT let them perform the service. Communication is key. You need to get over any fear of hurting someone’s feelings and make sure you are both communicating with each other clearly.
Walking away from the salon happy is essential and key to a great salon service. To get that experience, you need to communicate, and your stylist needs to communicate. You are in control of your actions and your wants and your needs. If you do your duty, then you can make sure that you are in the clear. After you have clearly communicated what you want, and you don’t receive it, it is the responsibility of the stylist to fix it. That is when communication is key. You will be in the right, and the stylist will have to rectify any problem. However, if you do not communicate, and the stylist does and performs the service based on what you say, then the person in the wrong may actually be you! Solve any potential problem and communicate from the start and you will 99.9999% of the time leave happy and are willing to return to get a service performed again. | <urn:uuid:e020bb10-b742-4dd3-985f-0c3386ce7b6f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art598.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00154-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980892 | 875 | 1.679688 | 2 |
Glutathione: it certainly takes a bit of practice to pronounce, but this nearly "miracle" compound is so essential to your health and wellness.
Glutathione is made naturally in your body; specifically in your liver and within every single cell.
Cheryl Myers, RN, likes to think of glutathione as your "guardian angel" or "master protector," because it protects you from the dangers of oxidative stress and damage.
In fact, glutathione is so powerful that there are certain free radicals that can be squashed by no other compound.
It's also crucial for your liver and for optimal detoxification.
However, in the presence of certain diseases or environmental stressors, and as you age, your body's ability to make glutathione diminishes. Every decade after the age of 20, there is a fairly significant slow-down of glutathione production. But, if you're a very active, healthy person who lives a clean life, that slow-down isn't as impactful.
How can you combat this and optimize the glutathione in your body?
Unfortunately, you can't just go to your local health food store and get a supplement of glutathione. You can't consume it orally, because it goes into its inactive form (which is actually somewhat unhealthy).
One way to get more glutathione, then, is to have it administered intravenously.
This has actually been shown to be incredibly effective. A four-week study performed on Parkinson's patients revealed that with everyday injections of glutathione, the subjects' disabilities were reduced by a whopping 42 percent.
The problem is, many states don't even have clinics that approve this intravenous method and it can get rather expensive and time-consuming. Plus, it's still considered "experimental," so your insurance company is not going to cover it.
Another method is to take something called N-acetyl Cysteine (NAC), which is a raw material your body uses to make glutathione. While this method does help, there's also a drawback. If your body -- your "machine" -- isn't turning the NAC into glutathione effectively, you cannot raise your levels.
One more recent option is to administer glutathione sublingually (under the tongue) in a special form that's protected from oxidation and keeps glutathione in its active state. This method has been used in France and just recently was introduced in the U.S.
Where can you purchase the sublingual glutathione? In the U.S. it's called "Clinical Glutathione," and you can find the location closest to you by going on the europharmausa.com website and entering your zip code.
Some of the chronic conditions that can be helped by glutathione include AIDS, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, MS, and almost every form of cancer.
Tune in as Cheryl shares more about the amazing benefits of glutathione, as well as the best ways to get more of it into your system. | <urn:uuid:090046e1-c12c-4adb-b7a7-69a9e49cbc3c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.radiomd.com/search/item/24814-glutathione-your-body-s-guardian-angel | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.969497 | 636 | 2 | 2 |
These 17 years play out like the vocal jazz equivalent of the Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire. Much of the core body of work that makes up vocal jazz was recorded during this relatively short time span. These were the years that saw some of the greatest jazz singers working at the peak of their powers.
In the late 1940s, American record companies stumbled upon two ideas that have since become the cornerstone of the industry. First, kids will buy many, many more records than adults. Second, kids don't have particularly good taste in music. Thus emerged a wave of novelty songs qualitatively different (read "inferior") than the fun rhythm tunes of the Swing Era. It doesn't take a musicologist to recognize that when Columbia Records had Frank Sinatra record "Mama Will Bark" with a performer named Dagmar, popular music in America was in trouble.
However, at about the same time, the record companies unveiled a new format, the extended play album (EP). Within a few years, they debuted the 12" long-playing album (LP). A dichotomy quickly emerged: Singles (small 45s had replaced the larger 78s) became the province of novelty songs and early rock & roll (novelty songs with sexual innuendo). The record companies targeted the more-expensive LPs at the adult audience who favored classical music, jazz, and a more sophisticated kind of pop music. For jazz singers, freed from narrow limitations on time and content, the LP created opportunities for new forms of expression.
Everything began to change in 1963 with the arrival of the Beatles. Like the sacking of Rome by the barbarians, the arrival of the Beatles marked the beginning of the end. The reasons behind the profound social and economic upheavals associated with the Baby Boom generation are complex and a subject for another time and place. However, the results for jazz were catastrophic. Ironically, the most anti-establishment generation in history transformed the music business into a rigid, narrowly formatted, corporately controlled, commercially driven industry. A new musical culture unable to distinguish between amateurism and authenticity emerged. Jazz singers continually lost ground until many of them could no longer support themselves.
Still, we can be grateful for these years when good records seemed to flow in an endless supply. Distilling such a prolific era into a handful of albums is a difficult task made nearly impossible by the close connections that existed at the time between jazz and pop music. An argument can be made that
, both of whom were jazz-influenced pop singers rather than jazz singers, had as much of an impact on the development of vocal jazz as any of the singers listed below. However, for space reasons we have limited our selection to singers working in the vocal jazz idiom during these years. So with due respect to the missing masters and the overlooked masterpieces, these are the records that explain why jazz singing has become such an enduring and timeless art form and why this was its greatest eraat least so far.
| || Sarah Vaughan |
Sarah Vaughan (1954)
With Billie Holiday and Ella Fitzgerald, Sarah Vaughan completes the Holy Trinity of vocal jazz. Vaughan had an ear that could pick up every nuance of a chord sequence and a voice capable of executing any musical idea that came to her fertile imagination. This small group recording, featuring trumpeter Clifford Brown and tenor saxophonist Paul Quinichette, finds Sarah taking her time on a collection of slow to mid-tempo standards. "Lullaby of Birdland" and "Embraceable You" are textbook examples of everything that vocal jazz can and should be.
| || Dinah Washington |
For Those In Love (1955)
"The Queen of the Blues" liked to say that she could sing anything and during her twenty-year career (1943-1963), she pretty much did. As a result, her influence can still be detected not only in blues and jazz singing, but also in rock, soul, R&B and pop singing. Oddly enough, Washington never made an album that quite matched her protean talents. However, For Those In Love is the perfect record to begin an exploration of the jazz side of Washington's impressive legacy.
| || June Christy |
The Misty Miss Christy (1956)
As she often pointed out herself, June Christy never had the virtuoso technique of Ella Fitzgerald. Yet she sang with so much creativity and insight that she has rightly come to be regarded as one of the greatest jazz singers of any era. Her LPs for Capitol remain among the most impressive series of vocal jazz albums ever recorded. Christy continually challenged herself as an artist often singing difficult material in unorthodox settings. Vocal jazz fans are pretty much split over whether Something Cool or The Misty Miss Christy is June's finest album. You'll want to get both, but start here if only for the definitive vocal recordings of Ellington's "Day Dream" and Monk's "Round Midnight."
| || Anita O'Day |
Pick Yourself Up (1956)
Almost from the very beginning of her career, which took off during her tenure with Gene Krupa's band, Anita O'Day thought of herself as one of the musicians. Although she could caress a lyric, it was O'Day's great harmonic imagination and willingness to improvise without a net that made her such a fascinating artist. The stage was O'Day's natural environment (check out her performance in the classic documentary Jazz on a Summer's Day), but when given proper backing, as on Pick Yourself Up, she could also generate fireworks in the studio.
| || Chris Connor |
Chris Connor / He Loves Me, He Loves Me Not (1956)
With her husky voice, daredevil sense of time and willingness to take risks, Chris Connor has long been one of the most addictive of jazz singers. Her innovative series of albums for Atlantic captured the singer in her early prime and showcased her in a variety of settings from small groups to big bands to string orchestras. This CD pairs her first two Atlantic albums although Chris Connor has been slightly abridged to accommodate CD playing time. The eponymous LP featured Connor with a quartet (John Lewis, Oscar Pettiford, Barry Galbraith and Connie Kay) and two large ensembles arranged by Ralph Burns. Burns also crafted the stunning orchestral charts for He Loves Me, He Loves Me Not, one of the finest ballad albums of the era.
| || Lambert, Hendricks & Ross |
The Hottest New Group in Jazz (1959-1962)
Vocalese, the art of putting lyrics to instrumental solos, reached its apogee with the vocal trio formed by Dave Lambert, Jon Hendricks and Annie Ross. Although Hendricks & Ross are very good jazz singers in their own right, their solo work has never matched the heat generated by LH&R at their peak. This 2-CD set gathers together the three great albums the group recorded for Columbia Records, The Hottest New Group in Jazz (1959), Sing Ellington (1960) and High Flying (1961) along with previously unreleased material. This music still sounds impossibly hip.
| || Helen Humes |
Songs I Like to Sing (1960)
All three of Helen Humes's albums on Contemporary are essential, but Songs I Like to Sing contains the definitive versions of some of the former Basie vocalist's favorite and most frequently recorded songs. Eight songs feature Humes with a 14-piece band arranged by Marty Paich. The remaining four tracks, including a definitive "Imagination," find this always-remarkable singer backed by a rhythm section, a string quartet and the tenor saxophone of Ben Webster.
| || Billy Eckstine |
No Cover, No Minimum (1960)
Critics tend to remember Mr. B. for being the leader of the first bebop big band in the 1940s or for his role in shattering stereotypes of black American men. What they often overlook is that Eckstine was a very good jazz singer whose rich baritone and distinctive vibrato influenced a number of great jazz singers and produced scores of less accomplished imitators. The live No Cover No Minimum captures some of the loosest and most arresting singing Eckstine ever committed to record.
| || Mel Torme |
Swings Shubert Alley (1960)
With the notable exception of Ella Fitzgerald, Mel Torme may very well have been the most technically accomplished jazz singer of the era. He made a number of fine albums with arranger Marty Paich, but Swings Shubert Alley is the pick of the lot. Torme navigates Paich's complex charts with effortless virtuosity and just a bit of "look Mom, no hands" showmanship.
| || Ella Fitzgerald |
The Complete Ella in Berlin: Mack the Knife (1960)
Simply put, Ella Fitzgerald is the most extraordinary singer jazz has ever produced. Everything the First Lady of Song recorded for Verve during these years -the Song Books, the studio albums, and the live recordings -remains required listening for any vocal jazz fan. However, The Complete Ella in Berlin provides a microcosm of her artistry for any listener who wants to understand why Fitzgerald deserves her legendary status.
| || Carmen McRae |
Sings Lover Man and Other Billie Holiday Classics (1961)
Carmen McRae perfected the ideal archetype for modern jazz singing. She married the improvisatory language of bop with a profound respect for the power of words. Few jazz singers have matched either McRae's ability to deconstruct a melody or her gift for exploring the meaning of a lyric. Fewer still have come anywhere close to her skill at doing both at the same time. McRae made several good records during the early years of her recording career, but this Billie Holiday tribute was something special. Lady Day had been both McRae's professional inspiration and her close friend, which gives the album a weight and substance sadly missing from most of the tribute CDs currently flooding the marketplace.
| || Johnny Hartman |
John Coltrane and Johnny Hartman (1963)
One of the most treasured ballad albums in the history of jazz. Rather than tugging the easy heartstring, Hartman's smooth baritone peels away the lyrics in layers. He gradually exposes the wounded heart beneath the words while Coltrane's playing supplies the power and raw emotion. Almost forty years later, these performances of "Lush Life," "My One and Only Love," "They Say It's Wonderful" and "You Are Too Beautiful" remain unsurpassed.
| || Joe Williams |
Presenting Joe Williams with the Thad Jones-Mel Lewis Jazz Orchestra (1966)
Having risen to fame with the Count Basie Orchestra, Williams knew a thing or two about how to work in a big band setting, and he sounds completely at home with the tightly-swinging Jones-Lewis ensemble. The songs are mostly blues-oriented with a bit of then-contemporary material and some Ellington thrown into the mix (including a stately "Come Sunday"). When the singer and the band come roaring together, as on "Smack Dab in the Middle," there is nothing to do but get out of the way. | <urn:uuid:a29d294d-1cce-4c9d-aa2d-055a2e469b8e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.allaboutjazz.com/vocal-jazz-1951-1968-by-mathew-bahl.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00346-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959542 | 2,339 | 2.65625 | 3 |
In a press release that left me scratching my head this morning, the Philippines Department of Health said (computer translated) report an overseas Filipino worker (OFW) who returned after being in China for 6 years has died of possible bird flu.
Health officials note that the patient arrived on Feb. 9, presented with symptoms of cough and fever the next day and died on Feb. 14–9 days ago. The press statement continues:
Because the symptoms displayed alongside the rapid progression of the disease plus the history of travel from China coupled with a history of being exposed to live poultry, the patient was considered a possible case of Avian Flu or Bird Flu.
This patient was initially referred to as a possible case of MERS. However, upon review of his case profile, Avian Flu was a more proximate consideration.
Close contacts to the deceased were given prophylactic Tamiflu. Biopsy was taken and initial results revealed pulmonary but inconclusive findings. The body was cremated hence this case has been declared ‘closed’.
“If indeed this patient contracted bird flu, his death has ended other possibility of transmission,” the statement said.
With the increase in international arrivals, the Department of Health is appealing to Filipinos around the world to be mindful of their families and their communities. While the Department of Health, Bureau of Quarantine (BOQ), the Disease Prevention and Control Bureau, and the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine are actively coordinating public health actions, the responsibility of each person is important.
Please fill-up the health declaration truthfully checklist upon arrival. BOQ inform the staff if you have had symptoms while traveling. Volunteer your travel history to your physician. Effective control of infectious diseases in the Philippines require every person to do their share of responsibility by being cooperative, honest, and mindful. “Let us play a role here,” Acting DOH Secretary Janette Garin concluded. | <urn:uuid:5e0c8ce0-37f2-4d5e-bd06-b0797dee1ff7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://outbreaknewstoday.com/bird-flu-in-the-philippines-65091/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.961028 | 394 | 1.875 | 2 |
Q: I’ve been recording some acoustic guitar lately and have been having some difficulty. The problem is that I just don’t seem to be getting the low-end reproduction I was hoping for.
I know I can probably boost this later with EQ, but is there something I can do? Maybe a different mic technique?
A: There’s no doubt about it, recording an acoustic guitar can be tricky. There are several ways to bring out more of the bottom end fullness you’re looking for.
One solution — assuming your guitar has a pickup — is to record the pickup output via a DI at the same time as you record the microphones. When it’s time for mixdown, filter the pickup signal with a low-pass filter, so that all that is left is the low-end.
Shape this further with EQ, perhaps add a dash of compression, and blend to taste with the miked-up guitar tracks. Go lightly; you’ll find that it doesn’t take much of this acoustic guitar “subwoofer” track to fill out the bottom end. This trick is especially useful with detuned, alternate-tuned, and drop-tuned acoustics.
However, if you use this method you should double-check that you aren’t creating phase issues by mixing the direct pickup signal in with the miked signals. In many cases the DI will arrive slightly before the mic signals; use your ears to check whether this is affecting the mix or not. If so, slide the DI track slightly in time until the “phasiness” clears up.
As you mention, changing the microphone is another possibility. You’re best bet in that instance is to compare the frequency responses between the prospective microphones. Those which offer a more of a low-end boost are likely what you’re looking form in this instance.
For more tech tips go to Sweetwater.com | <urn:uuid:0cb62541-656c-4fb3-bb57-a6170c2172e0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.prosoundweb.com/article/tech_tip_of_the_day_recording_the_low_frequencies_of_acoustic_guitar/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00298-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960385 | 408 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Introduction to Business Analytics Using Simulation employs an innovative strategy to teach business analytics. It uses simulation modeling and analysis as mechanisms to introduce and link predictive and prescriptive modeling. Because managers can't fully assess what will happen in the future, but must still make decisions, the book treats uncertainty as an essential element in decision-making.
Its use of simulation gives readers a superior way of analyzing past data, understanding an uncertain future, and optimizing results to select the best decision. With its focus on the uncertainty and variability of business, this comprehensive book provides a better foundation for business analytics than standard introductory business analytics books. Students will gain a better understanding of fundamental statistical concepts that are essential to marketing research, Six-Sigma, financial analysis, and business analytics.
- Teaches managers how they can use business analytics to formulate and solve business problems to enhance managerial decision-making
- Explains the processes needed to develop, report, and analyze business data
- Describes how to use and apply business analytics software | <urn:uuid:8d82998e-5576-4f38-84bc-bb8cc6e32e5f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/introduction-to-business-analytics-using/9780128104866-item.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280483.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00297-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.8914 | 203 | 2.84375 | 3 |
3 Ways to Practice Self-Compassion and Stop Being Your Own Biggest Bully
RAFT Team, April 4, 2022
A recent survey revealed that 68% of people consider themselves compassionate. And you’re probably one of them! Compassion helps you relate to other people and the things they’re experiencing. The more you practice that empathy, the more you want to. And practicing compassion helps ease your own fears and insecurities.
Here are some other great facts about compassion:
- It makes you happy (happier than buying things for yourself!)
- It makes you more attractive
- Compassion lifts everyone around you
- It spreads rapidly
- It improves your health and makes you live longer
- Compassion reduces anxiety and depression
- It gives you more time. (Volunteering makes you feel you have more time and more money.)
But for some reason, aiming that compassion focus on yourself is a whole different story. Practicing self-compassion is difficult for most people. (Unlike self-esteem, which is a comparative model that separates you from others and is used to determine worth, self-compassion focuses on your connection to others and the common humanity we all share. A self-compassion practice is vital for a healthy, more enjoyable.
Kristin Neff, associate professor at the University of Texas and pioneer of self-compassion, describes it this way: “Self-compassion is the ability to notice our own suffering and to be moved by it, making us want to actively do something to alleviate our own suffering.”
How do you learn to practice self-compassion? There are 3 key steps:
1. Practice self-kindness instead of self-judgement.
Treat yourself as a friend.
It’s a good practice to stop yourself every once in a while and ask yourself, “Is this how I would treat a friend?” If not, add some more love and gentleness to your response to yourself.
Practice self-compassion by taking care of yourself.
Make sure you take care of yourself: eat well, move often, and take time to enjoy things. Keep it balanced: you don’t want to deny yourself habitually or overindulge yourself. This goes for food, but over-exercising or over-spending can be damaging as well.
Give yourself room to grow.
Remember, you’re not perfect! If you’re not pleased with an outcome, don’t beat yourself up. Instead, affirm your effort and figure out how you might change things next time around. Learning is the best part of the process.
Reduce the stress you put on yourself.
Do you over-commit then stress about all the things you have to do? Or maybe you promise a special office treat or a homemade birthday cake when you know you don’t have time to bake it. Be realistic about what you have time and energy for, and let the rest go.
2. Recognize your common humanity instead of isolating yourself.
You’re not alone in this struggle, whatever it may be. While your own experiences may be unique, what you’re going through is part of the intertwined web of what it means to be human. While it’s easy to pull away when you’re going through something, let it be a reminder that there are people who want to support and encourage you. It’s okay to let them.
Be fair towards yourself.
Do you yell at yourself for things you haven’t learned yet? Give yourself the freedom to only take responsibility for the things you can control. This also applies to your responses. Don’t assume you’ll always respond to something a certain way — you have room to change and decide to be different.
Accept yourself for who you are.
Do you wish you were taller? Had better hair? Thinner? Stronger? Smarter? Lived in a different place? Instead of focusing on these things that are outside of your control, celebrate yourself for who you are. Embrace progress, no matter how slow it may feel. You have so much value!!
Realize struggle is normal.
Do you wish you’d finally arrive at the place where things were easy? Here’s a secret: struggling is normal. It’s part of life and growth and human relationships. A healthy gratitude practice can make your days brighter and your outlook more positive.
Continue to build your support network.
We aren’t meant to go it alone. Continue to build your support network. Make time for these interactions. Whether it’s coffee together or a quick phone call, stay in touch with people and share how life is going with one another.
3. To practice self-compassion, pursue mindful activities.
Step back from thoughts and emotions to regain perspective.
Sometimes you can get so wrapped up in your life and responses that you forget how close you are to yourself. When you’re feeling anxious or upset, remember to take a step back from your thoughts and emotions to regain a balanced perspective. Alone time works well for this!
Maybe today is going rough, but when you step back, you realize that most days are actually pretty okay. Maybe you feel stuck — perspective will remind you you can still make choices and change your direction if you want to.
Take a digital detox.
There’s nothing like a scroll through Instagram, Facebook, or Pinterest to make us feel less-than. That comparing tendency hits hard, doesn’t it? If you’re feeling down or alone, a “social network” might feel like the obvious choice. But it makes you feel depressed! Instead, take a digital detox. Maybe it’s for an afternoon. Or every evening after 7p. Or you decide to limit your time on social media to 20 minutes a day. Maybe you decide step away for a few weeks.
Practicing these 3 steps will help you boost your self-compassion. It puts you in the driver's seat regarding any suffering. Plus, you and everyone around you will benefit from your renewed love and appreciation for yourself. | <urn:uuid:24e10193-2849-40f1-a2b0-c633129a9fd5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.raftcares.org/resources/community-blog/3-ways-to-practice-self-compassion/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.940097 | 1,300 | 2.34375 | 2 |
India’s present predicament can be fully ascribed to the flawed policies of those who guided India’s destiny since 1947. The person most notable among the lot that set India along a disastrous path is Jawaharlal Nehru. Scores of places, institutions, roads, ports and government schemes are named after him. New Delhi, the city I am currently visiting, is festooned with not just his name, but the names of his relatives. Nehru Place, Kamala Nagar, Jawaharlal Nehru stadium, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Rajiv Chowk, Indira Gandhi International Airport, JN Urban Renewal Mission, . . . the list is virtually endless. And that is just in one Indian city. A comprehensive list of things named after the Nehru-Gandhi family would be tiresomely long. Indians have been fed tons of BS about Nehru and his clan. But truth eventually prevails, as the Indian motto Satyam Eva Jayate (truth alone prevails) says. Nehru was a communist.
My friend, Veerchand Bothra, sent me a link to the foreword by Philip Spratt to a book by Sita Ram Goel. Genesis and Growth of Nehruism.
The book and its foreword clearly point to Nehru being a Communist in disguise. It explains the ideological origin of large, dominating, controlling, big-brother government and its overall structure in India.
And I think Indira proved to be a worthy successor of Nehru’s totalitarian / communist-state legacy, which she nurtured and grew.
You have to keep in mind that this Spratt review is dated October 1963. Nehru was then the prime minister. The bitter fruits of his misguided policies were yet to ripen. The fruit of his loins was not the powerful dictator she was to become. His grandson, Rajiv Gandhi, was 19. Antonia Maino, an Italian whom Rajiv later married, was 17 at that time. Currently she is the puppet-master of the appointed prime minister of India, Dr Manmohan Singh.
Who is this Antonia Maino aka Sonia Gandhi? According to reports, her father, Stefano Maino, was a volunteer to the Nazi army and was taken as a prisoner of war by the Russians. I did a google search on “stefano maino fascist”. Read this page.
1. During Nehru’s time Indira Gandhi might have been on the payroll of KGB. Later as per U.S. Congressional hearing records Indira Gandhi’s family most likely Rajiv and Sonia, were on the payroll of the Pakistani Banker the late Agha Hassan Abedi, who founded the Bank known as Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI). BCCI was a drug money laundering outfit finally owned by the ruler of Abu Dhabi, Sheikh Zyed.
Mr. Manmohan Singh when he was the governor of Reserve Bank of India was advised by RAW not to issue license for opening the ISI bank BCCI in Bombay as BCCI was funding spying in India and was also funding the Pakistani nuclear programme. Yet Manmohan simply approved it. BCCI was used even by Reliance for its hawala transactions. (BCCI had grown as a result of it running a supply centre for ‘Pakistani minor girls’ to Sheikh Zyed and other leading Sheikhs in the Gulf. Naturally Sheikh became the leading share holder of BCCI. These details are available in the US senate reports.) The BCCI also known as the cocaine bank collapsed with a loss of $ 16 billion.
All that Manmohan got was a scholarship for his daughter, but his main benefit turned out to be that the congress party immediately inducted him to the party. Many details are available in our parliamentary proceedings when the collapse of the BCCI was discussed.
Sonia had connections to the Vatican Bank which was active in Europe and America drug market where as BCCI specialized in the Asian drug market. Abedi’s reach extended to the U.S. also. He even had the former Secretary of Defense Clark Clifford as his lobbyist for a fee of nearly $100 million. All this was exposed in U.S. Congressional hearings.
2. KGB might have murdered Indian Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Sastri, in Tashkent, by poisoning so that Nehru family can come back to power. Following the India-Pakistan War of 1965, Shastri met in Tashkent with President Ayub Khan of Pakistan and signed a “no-war” declaration. He died the next day Jan 11, 1966. The story put out by KGB that a Muslim cook with Lal Bahadur Sastri’s entourage had poisoned him in Tashkent and escaped to Pakistan may be a cover-up for what KGB had done.
3. Sonia Gandhi was groomed and presented in front of Rajiv Gandhi by KGB, to hook Rajiv which was successful. Subsequently Rajiv marries Sonia.
4. KGB may be involved in the plane accident of Sanjiv Gandhi and might be pure murder to eliminate Sanjiv and to bring in Rajiv as the successor to Indira Gandhi. This paved the way for Rajiv Gandhi to become PM, who is married to KGB agent Sonia.
5. Rajiv Gandhi was killed by the Sri Lankan terrorist group LTTE which is totally supported and financed by christian organizations abroad. Rajiv Gandhi was blown up in Tamil Nadu on May 21, 1991 by a Roman Catholic female suicide bomber Dhanu, 24, whose real name was Kalaivathi. Once Rajiv was killed the external spy agencies might have worked behind the scenes to promote Sonia Gandhi.
Potential threats to Sonia’s leadership were one by one eliminated in excellently planned natural accidents which are a KGB specialty. All the deaths of potential future contenders of congress presidency were killed in accidents on Sundays. Sunday murders are a specialty of Christians and this is well proven in India’s North Eastern states where the Christian terrorists murder Hindus mostly on Sundays. Muslims generally carryout terrorist killing of Hindus on Fridays.
Rajesh Pilot died in a road accident on Sunday, Jitendra Prasada died of brain hemorrhage on Sunday and Madhava Scindia was killed in a place crash on Sunday. Kamal Nath, another prominent young Congress leader narrowly escaped when a small plane he was traveling in crashed, killing some others on board.
On Sunday 30th September. 2001 Madhavrao Scindia who was deputy leader of the Congress in the Lok Sabha and one of its senior-most members, and who was also one of the boyfriend of Sonia in London, was killed along with seven others. They were charred beyond recognition in a plane crash. Seventeen minutes before the plane was due to land in Kanpur, the Air Traffic Control in the city lost contact with it. The plane caught fire in mid-air and became a ball of fire by the time it hit the ground. Mystery shrouds the circumstances under which the aircraft crashed near Motta village in Mainpuri district. The Beechcraft C-90 aircraft used by Mr. Scindia belonged to Jindal Strips and was maintained by India International Aviation Ltd. In June 2000 the senior Congress leader Rajesh Pilot met with the fatal accident in the highway on a stretch between Jaipur and Dausa.
On the KGB connection, Dhar writes: “My painstaking research and intelligence penetration had succeeded in identifying four Union ministers (of Indira Gandhi’s Cabinet) and over two dozen MPs who were on the payrolls of KGB operatives. Some of them are still around… But the most surprising area of penetration of the KGB was the ministry of defense and those layers of the Armed Forces which were responsible for procurement of military hardware. My list of these galactic stars did not amuse my bosses and I was advised to `secure that information’ (sic) in my archive. No one at the top had the gumption of illuminating the government with the identity of the Soviet targets… The most interesting case was that of a member of Parliament who regularly received a pay packet from the Soviet embassy for covering certain segments of the kitchen cabinet of Indira Gandhi.”
Go read it all. Now at last we may be slowly getting an understanding of what evil schemes have brought India to this state. Now we are starting to get glimpses of who is behind India’s descent into a state ruled by the morally corrupt and intellectually bankrupt. The pieces are falling into place and soon enough we will know the names of those who have looted India for their personal gain.
All is not lost but we have to wake up. People like Goel saw this coming 50 years ago. Go read the entire foreword by Spratt to Goel’s book. Here’s the concluding bit from Spratt.
Nehru’s Communism is revealed in the extraordinary favour he shows to the Communist Party, as contrasted with his marked coolness towards the socialists who put democracy first, like the PSP. He allows the Russian Government, and apparently the Chinese too, to subsidise them. It has been admitted in Parliament that the Home Department knows about some of these foreign funds. No other ruler in the world tolerates this kind of thing. Why does Nehru?
His Communism has been clearly revealed in his foreign policy. He cannot go wholly over to the Communist bloc, but he will not take the protection of the free countries, so India remains defenceless. China’s big attack came a year after Goel’s articles, and fully bore out his warning. It even moved Nehru for the moment, but he quickly went back to the policy which made the attack possible.
His Communism is also shown in his economic policy. Its deficiencies in Russia and China have become generally known in recent years, but he still persists with it. He is not even disabused of collective farming, despite its spectacular failure everywhere. This over-centralised, one-sided, state-controlled economy is building up a great vested interest, political and bureaucratic and indeed capitalistic, which he doubtless relies upon to keep it going when he has stepped down.
Ten years ago the Congress Party was by no means socialistic. When the resolution on the socialistic pattern was passed at Avadi, an important Congressman compared it to the Emperor Akbar’s Din Ilahi. Socialism, he said, is Nehru’s personal fad, which will quickly be forgotten when he passes from the scene. It seemed a shrewd judgement at the time, but it overlooked the attraction of socialism for a ruling party of hungry careerists. The experience of socialism in the nine years since than has won many Congressmen over. But there are still many who oppose it, and its continuance in the future is not yet assured. That, I take it, is the real inwardness of the Kamaraj Plan. The purpose of the current goings-on is to arrange the succession to Nehru in such a way that the pro-communists retain control.
The dispute over this question is of the greatest importance for India’s future. But the partisans on both sides are still afraid of speaking plainly, and many of the public are still unaware of what it is all about. Goel’s book helps greatly in making clear what the groups in the Congress are fighting over. It is really whether India shall continue to be ruled by a Government of usurpers, who will go on pushing the country against its will towards Communism, or the Government shall follow a policy which genuinely commends itself to the majority of the public.
October 25, 1963
How can a land so full of promise and potential become so pathetically poor? How did it come to be ruled by the most venal, self-serving, myopic, criminal leaders? There has to be a reason and most likely the answer lies in the personal histories of those who have become its leaders. | <urn:uuid:7fb4b154-64f9-487b-bfbc-1ce04207d791> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://deeshaa.org/2011/02/07/nehru-was-a-communist/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718423.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00270-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.979801 | 2,490 | 2.453125 | 2 |
In the face of the unprecedented challenges created by the COVID-19 pandemic and the accompanying global public health emergency, it’s important to acknowledge the toll that the current crisis is taking on the well-being of clinicians. While much of the response focuses on obtaining necessary personal protective equipment to protect the physical health of our healthcare workforce, it’s equally important to protect clinicians and staff’s mental health. The American Hospital Association (AHA) has developed resources regarding healthcare workforce emotional wellness and mental health during the COVID pandemic.
The AHA has developed stress and coping resources for health care clinicians and staff, behavioral health care providers, and resources for the general public. These resources are available here.
The AHA’s physician alliance has also developed well-being resources to address resilience for clinician leaders during the COVID-19 pandemic. Resources are available here.
The American Organization for Nursing Leadership (AONL) has developed a series of resources and exercises for coping, staying centered, building resilience, and leading with integrity during challenging circumstances. Both continuing education credits and complimentary coaching support are available. Learn more about AONL’s resources here.
The AHA is also partnering with the National Academy of Medicine Action Collaborative on Clinician Well-Being and Resilience to offer a virtual event on October 28-29. Resources from the collaborative and details about the event are available here. | <urn:uuid:a7c584e4-e100-4791-b9d5-fc45f2474b9f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sdaho.org/2020/09/10/covid-19-stress-and-coping-resources-from-the-aha/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.95109 | 294 | 1.914063 | 2 |
California could become the third West Coast state to test the feasibility of replacing state fuel excise tax with a vehicle-miles-traveled fee.
On June 2, the state assembly’s transportation committee received SB 1077 after the Senate approved it by a 23-11 vote. The measure would require the California Transportation Agency create a voluntary pilot program by 2016, but the CTA would not be permitted to collect fees.
The state’s transportation funding is supplied mainly through fuel excise and sales taxes. California requires revenue from the base 18-cent-per-gallon fuel excise tax be used for maintaining and operating the state highway system.
Gasoline excise tax revenue from above the base revenue is used mainly for streets, roads and new capacity projects. The state’s diesel sales tax is dedicated to supporting transit operations.
Fuel excise taxes are relatively inexpensive to administer because it is collected from a small number of fuel wholesalers nationwide, according to a California legislative analyses. Over two fiscal years, more than $1 million annually would be needed to test and implement VMT that May 23 report stated.
In 2007, nearly 300 volunteers tested Oregon’s VMT pilot program at a cost of $3 million. Estimates were not readily available for its 2012-13 program, which enrolled 100 participants in three states.
In 2015, Oregon will implement a voluntary program to allow 5,000 vehicle owners to pay a per-mile road charge of 1.5 cents per mile instead of fuel tax. The state’s annual administrative costs for the program are expected of to be $1.4 million annually. | <urn:uuid:13da51d9-4681-41d4-be6b-8b6b09881180> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.overdriveonline.com/business/article/14886538/california-considering-replacing-fuel-tax-with-mileage-tax | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.953374 | 331 | 2.125 | 2 |
After a year where turmoil around the world promoted negative headlines and cultural divides, Real Salt Lake and Major League Soccer joined with other professional sports leagues around the country to promote racial equity and equality.
The Club took these societal issues to heart and opened the conversation to all involved with the Club and community with the intent to educate and understand how to make things better.
At RSL, it began with RSL Academy Director of Coaching Arnold Rijsenburg and RSL Community and quickly funneled its way into a Club-wide initiative. Enlisting the help of the RISE (Ross Initiative in Sports for Equality) Program, the conversation quickly spread throughout the club with all employees committed to take part in weekly educational sessions with the program in order to enact change not only for themselves at RSL, but in their communities as well.
The introduction of a Club-wide program aimed to educate, empower and give confidence to its employees, athletes and their coaches, became a necessity in order to take steps forward as an organization. Through the newly established RSL Way mantra that promotes Integrity, Pride, Industry, Community and Harmony, the Club has been able to utilize the RISE program to enhance all of its core values and expand on its mission.
Employees, players and coaches committed to the program took part in eight weeks of training on topics such as diversity, equity, and inclusion, building trust and community and leadership and how to move forward as a positive vehicle for change. From the onset, each individual gained perspective into what it means to be a leader in their community and take action to promote respect, equality and understanding in their own lives and the lives of others.
“Using sport as a vehicle for change we’ve been able to identify the causes of these problems and the implications they carry in people’s lives and then find and enact the solutions to these problems,” Rijsenburg explained. “Using the RISE program has allowed for internal reflection for all involved and has helped set the course to make positive changes and gain new perspectives into the lives of one another and the people we’ve surrounded ourselves with.”
While conversations surrounding diversity and identity can oftentimes be difficult, the Club wanted to do more by taking charge, on the front foot, to begin the tough and uncomfortable discussions in order to hopefully create a more understanding and inclusive space.
By opening the conversation to the entire Club to promote equity among all people, the challenge to all involved was an exercise to strengthen the confidence in oneself to have those difficult conversations and use their voices for good.
“Being able to utilize the RISE programs has been great for our entire club from the front office all the way down,” RSL Vice President of Soccer Operations Rob Zarkos said. “It allowed everyone to sit back and take a look at their own prejudices and thought processes on how things work in society. It provided us a healthy chance to enter into conversations across the organization that we hadn’t talked about or hadn’t thought to have discussions about.”
RSL is now working together with Major League Soccer and the Vancouver Whitecaps FC organization and its supporters to show a unified message ahead of the upcoming meeting between the two sides on June 18, one day before the nationwide celebration of the Juneteenth holiday.
In 2020, RSL partnered with the African Stars – a local soccer club that was founded around refugee groups within the Salt Lake City area. Within those communities, soccer is a beloved game, but resources to participate within the pay-to-play model aren’t easily attainable. By partnering with RSL they have been able to receive the necessary tools to compete as a top-level youth club in the state of Utah. The African Stars field teams from the youth age up to lower 20-year-olds, of whom compete in the same division as the RSL Academy U-19 squad, and continue to grow at a rapid rate.
“It has been great hosting the African Stars through the use of our facilities, uniforms and coaching assistance,” Zarkos said. “We’ve been able to play their teams against the RSL Academy and provide coaching assistance all while providing the chance for a lot of the high-level players an opportunity to have a look at our Academy and possibly even the Monarchs. We’ve developed a relationship among the players with our club that we’ve seen grow immensely and has affected our club in a positive manner.”
In addition, RSL established a list of educational resources outlining what Juneteenth is and a recent New York Times article detailing the Senate’s passing of the bill to make Juneteenth a federal holiday and its significance in our nation’s history, as well as a list of local Utah Black-owned businesses and restaurants in an effort to help educate all who visit RSL.com and provide support to those within our community. | <urn:uuid:6edce902-ef81-42b8-ba09-d2817e4a1a3f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://riotintostadium.com/2021/06/16/how-real-salt-lake-has-created-a-more-inclusive-and-educational-environment/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.967056 | 1,015 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Originally scheduled for September 29
suppose that you are one of those rare individuals who is fabulously
wealthy. It is not necessarily obvious that everyone else would see
this. Your wealth might not be obvious — if you don’t spend it. What
kind of sign would others look for to tell if you are wealthy?
might look at your clothing.
Most men can tell a custom-made suit from one which comes just off
might also look at the car
you drive. If you’re tooling around in a top-of-the-line Mercedes,
it speaks of money.
course, they could always look at the
cash you spend. Particularly if you are generous with your money
in a visible way, it becomes pretty obvious.
contrast, if you hoard your wealth it’s likely that the rest the
world will not know that you are rich. If it doesn’t show, how could
they tell? Spending tells the world that you are rich. You have to
demonstrate it if they are to believe it.
Consider, then, God’s problem in communicating with us. What could
we tell about God just by looking around in our surroundings?
doesn’t take much in the way of observation — have you ever walked
under the stars in a desert night — to discover that God is
powerful. Whoever created all this must be such.
more observation will tell you that he is righteous, for we live in
a moral world. We believe certain things are intrinsically right,
and others are intrinsically wrong. We detect in the universe a
moral order which must come from a moral author.
believe in his power and his righteousness — but how about his
patience and mercy? Paul dealt with this question in writing to the
Now if God wants to demonstrate his wrath and reveal his power,
can't he be extremely patient with the objects of his wrath that are
made for destruction? Can't he also reveal his glorious riches to
the objects of his mercy that he has prepared ahead of time for
glory--including us, whom he also called, not only from the Jews but
from the gentiles as well?
(Romans 9:22-24 ISV)
something: it is not contradictory for God to be righteous and
powerful and also be patient with those against whom his wrath
should be displayed. If he wants to do it that way, that’s his
business. It’s also his business, if he wants to, to reveal his love
and mercy to us. It’s his choice.
Communion reminds us that he has done just that. He has balanced
what is seen by all with what he has demonstrated in his grace at
the cross. He decided that you needed to know that God is powerful,
God is righteous — and God is merciful. He gave us communion as that
reminder of the grace he showed at the cross. He knows, as we
should, that men don’t need to be taught as much as they need to be
Contemplate: the measure of his suffering is the measure of his
love. You can measure his grace by the pain of the nails, the spear
in the side and the agony of dying a criminal’s death slowly and in
wretched torture. He gives you this day, in the form of the cup and
the bread, a reminder of his blood shed and his body broken for you.
He died, so that you might be forgiven. So as you partake this
morning, do so in a manner fitting of one who is remembering the
greatest sacrifice ever made. The Son of God died so that mankind
might live forever. | <urn:uuid:e3b87c8e-3525-4b37-b473-9894f18b2939> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://becomingcloser.org/communion2019/demonstration.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.977538 | 834 | 1.554688 | 2 |
NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- By the time I got in the Nissan Leaf that I'd be driving for the weekend, I already knew I had a problem. I would be driving my family in an electric car, but I had nowhere to plug it in.
I'd done the math, though, and I figured we'd be OK. The Leaf's got a 100-mile battery. I needed 10 miles each way to safely make it home and back from my office. That left 80 miles and we had no long trips planned. A cake walk.
Except the car, delivered with a full battery, showed only 70 miles of range. The Leaf had been brought to my office in a truck. (Yes, carrying an electric car in a truck does somewhat diminish the environmental benefits, but Nissan wanted to give me full use of that charge.) I should have had 100 miles, or at least 80, I thought. But, no, I was getting 70.
Well, I figured, this just means I'll have to take it very, very easy. Like most electric and hybrid cars, the Leaf has visual aids to coach you in efficient driving techniques. When you take it easy on the "gas" and brakes, tiny white pine trees appear on the dashboard display, growing layer by layer like artificial Christmas trees being assembled as you drive.
I'm just going to be the Johnny Appleseed of little LCD Christmas trees, I told myself. I'll be fine.
Then I started driving and things suddenly looked worse. Instead of going down gradually, the range dropped fast and hard. The battery was being drained like a Budweiser keg at a frat party. In a just few blocks, 70 miles turned to 65.
Fortunately, things got better as I drove farther and my range even popped back up a bit occasionally.
Later, I figured out why this was happening.
First, battery range is based on one's overall average miles-per-kilowatt-hour. So that 70 miles was actually based on a previous driver's habits. My range, I later learned would be, well, different. Also, using climate control just kills your driving range, especially when you first get in the car.
Those who charge the Leaf at home can heat or cool the interior while it's still plugged in, avoiding strain on the battery. Unfortunately, as I'd learned during a week-long stint with the Chevrolet Volt, plugging in wasn't an option for me. The electrical set-up where I live isn't amenable to car charging.
By the time I got home, the Leaf told me I had a little over 60 miles to parcel out over the weekend.
Saturday would be a killer day, I knew. My son had a music class in the morning and a performance in the afternoon -- in opposite directions from each other -- with stops at home and errands before and after. There was even a little bit of highway driving, which is about the worst thing for an electric car.
This was going to be tough. But I accelerated gently and, as much as one can in New York City, planned ahead for braking. (Cab drivers are laughing now.)
"Why are you driving so slow?" my wife asked me as we ran a little late for a Saturday afternoon appointment.
She had no idea. She was just trying to get somewhere on time. I was sweating over my little pine tree. But, very gently, I pressed harder on the accelerator. Poor little tree.
By Saturday night, I had decision to make. I had about 22 miles left in my lithium-ion tank. Church was 5.5 miles away, an 11-mile round trip. I could make it, but what if we wanted to do something else? Could I still get to work on Monday?
My faith crumbled. We drove my wife's car to church. The Leaf's remaining miles were saved for neighborhood errands -- I bought milk and yogurt and picked up dinner to go. That was it.
"Driving range low" the car piped up about a quarter of the way to work the next morning. As the gleaming towers of my office building came into view it gave its final warning. "Very low battery," and it helpfully offered to find a charging station for me.
I wouldn't need it. I pulled into the parking garage on e-fumes. The Leaf hadn't yet entered "turtle mode," the final terminal phase of battery life, but the little fellow was ready to poke its head out of the shell.
Without even looking, I knew I'd gotten nowhere near 100 miles out of the Leaf. The factors that killed my mileage were near-constant use of climate control -- good for sucking up about 20% of your power -- and driving in New York City.
Yes, electric cars are supposed to be great in so-called "city driving," but this is New York City driving. It's a hyper-competitive combination of drag racing and demolition derby that will turn even the most high-tech battery into a shivering mass or rare earth metals. If you're a car, any kind of car, this town will kill you.
Final tally: A pathetic 50 miles, half of the advertised range. But the lesson here is not "The Nissan Leaf only goes 50 miles on a charge." The lesson is "Your mileage may vary ... a lot." Be careful out there, and have a plug handy.
Shares of several uranium miners are soaring this year on hopes that Donald Trump will commit more investments to nuclear power. But investors need to get careful. The stocks are as volatile as radioactive elements. More
President Trump promised to 'buy American and hire American.' He says his policies will create 25 million new jobs, the most of any U.S. president in history. CNNMoney lays out just how hard that will be. More
In 1998, Ntsiki Biyela won a scholarship to study wine making. Now she's about to launch her own brand. More
If you're smart about when you first claim Social Security, you can increase your benefits and reap the rewards for the rest of your life. More | <urn:uuid:a6980aca-bf8f-4670-bfc5-61d0cd6eeff9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://money.cnn.com/2011/04/11/autos/nissan_leaf_drive/index.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00218-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.978453 | 1,270 | 1.898438 | 2 |
How does this medication work? What will it do for me?
Estradiol vaginal tablets belong to the class of medications known as local estrogen replacement therapy. Estradiol is a type of estrogen, a hormone that is produced by the ovaries. This medication is used to treat vaginal atrophy (shrinkage and dryness of tissues in the vagina) caused by low estrogen levels in the body (due to menopause).
At menopause, the amount of estrogen made by the ovaries declines and symptoms such as vaginal atrophy can occur. When an estradiol vaginal tablet is inserted into the vagina, it releases estradiol, which helps to make vaginal tissues thicker and more supple. An improvement in symptoms usually occurs after 2 to 3 weeks of treatment.
Your doctor may have suggested this medication for conditions other than those listed in these drug information articles. As well, some forms of this medication may not be used for all of the conditions discussed here. If you have not discussed this with your doctor or are not sure why you are using this medication, speak to your doctor. Do not stop using this medication without consulting your doctor.
Do not give this medication to anyone else, even if they have the same symptoms as you do. It can be harmful for people to take this medication if their doctor has not prescribed it.
What form(s) does this medication come in?
Each small, white, film-coated vaginal tablet contains 10 µg of estradiol. Nonmedicinal ingredients: hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, maize starch, magnesium stearate, and polyethylene glycol 6000.
How should I use this medication?
The usual dose is 1 tablet inserted into the vagina once daily for 2 weeks, then 1 tablet twice weekly after the first 2 weeks.
Using the applicator supplied, insert estradiol vaginal tablets gently into the vagina as follows:
- Remove the plastic wrap from the applicator.
- Insert the end of the applicator with the vaginal tablet as high into the vagina as it can comfortably go without forcing it.
- Gently press the plunger until you hear a click. This means the tablet has been released from the applicator.
- Remove the applicator from the vagina and discard it. Applicators are intended for a single use only.
Many things can affect the dose of medication that a person needs, such as body weight, other medical conditions, and other medications. If your doctor has recommended a dose different from the ones listed here, do not change the way that you are using the medication without consulting your doctor.
It is important to use this medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor. If you miss a dose, use it as soon as possible and continue with your regular schedule. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not use a double dose to make up for a missed one. If you are not sure what to do after missing a dose, contact your doctor or pharmacist for advice.
Store this medication at room temperature in a dry place, protect it from light and moisture, and keep it out of the reach of children. Store the medication in its original package.
Do not dispose of medications in wastewater (e.g. down the sink or in the toilet) or in household garbage. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medications that are no longer needed or have expired.
Who should NOT take this medication?
Do not take this medication if you:
- are allergic to estradiol or any ingredients of this medication
- are breast-feeding
- are or may be pregnant
- have a metabolic condition known as porphyria
- have active liver disease
- have active thrombophlebitis (inflammation of a vein leading to a blood clot)
- have had blood clotting problems caused by the use of estrogen
- have known or suspected estrogen-dependent cancer such as breast or endometrial cancer or a history of any of these cancers
- have or has had blood clots in the legs, lungs, heart, or brain
- have overgrowth of the lining of the uterus (endometrial hyperplasia)
- have partial or complete loss of vision due to blood vessel disease of the eyes
- have unusual vaginal bleeding that has not been checked by a doctor
What side effects are possible with this medication?
Many medications can cause side effects. A side effect is an unwanted response to a medication when it is taken in normal doses. Side effects can be mild or severe, temporary or permanent.
The side effects listed below are not experienced by everyone who uses this medication. If you are concerned about side effects, discuss the risks and benefits of this medication with your doctor.
The following side effects have been reported by at least 1% of people using this medication. Many of these side effects can be managed, and some may go away on their own over time.
Contact your doctor if you experience these side effects and they are severe or bothersome. Your pharmacist may be able to advise you on managing side effects.
- breast pain
- flu symptoms
- upper respiratory tract infection (e.g., a cold)
- vaginal discharge
- vaginal discomfort
- vaginal itching
- vaginal spotting (small amounts of vaginal bleeding)
- vaginal yeast infection (itching, discomfort, and discharge)
Although most of the side effects listed below don't happen very often, they could lead to serious problems if you do not seek medical attention.
Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:
- abdominal pain, nausea or vomiting
- allergic reaction (redness, itching, or irritation of the vaginal tissues)
- breast lump
- pain around the vagina and rectum
- persistent sad mood
- unusual or unexpected vaginal bleeding
- yellowing of the eyes or skin
Stop using the medication and seek immediate medical attention if any of the following occur:
- crushing chest pain or chest heaviness
- pain or swelling in the leg
- sharp pain in the chest, coughing blood, or sudden shortness of breath
- sudden partial or complete loss of vision
- sudden severe headache or worsening of headache, vomiting, dizziness, fainting, disturbance of vision or speech, or weakness or numbness in an arm or leg
- symptoms of a serious allergic reaction (such as shortness of breath, hives, or swelling of the face or throat)
Some people may experience side effects other than those listed. Check with your doctor if you notice any symptom that worries you while you are taking this medication.
Are there any other precautions or warnings for this medication?
Before you begin using a medication, be sure to inform your doctor of any medical conditions or allergies you may have, any medications you are taking, whether you are pregnant or breast-feeding, and any other significant facts about your health. These factors may affect how you should use this medication.
Note the following important information about estrogen:
- Estrogen should be used at the lowest dose that relieves your menopausal symptoms for the shortest time period possible, as directed by your doctor.
- Estrogens with or without progestins should not be used to prevent heart disease, heart attacks, or strokes.
Allergy: Contact allergy (such as itching and redness) may occur when estrogen is applied to the skin or inside the vagina. Although this allergy is extremely rare, people who develop skin reactions or contact sensitization to any ingredient of the medication are at risk of developing a severe allergic reaction with continued use. Contact your doctor if you experience itching and redness of the skin while using this medication.
Applicator use: Women who have a very dry vagina or those who have some shrinkage in the vaginal area should be careful when inserting the applicator. If it becomes uncomfortable, do not force it. Women who have recently had surgery in the vaginal area or the reproductive system should talk to their doctor before using this medication.
Blood clotting disorders: Estrogens with or without progestins are associated with an increased risk of blood clots in the lungs and legs. This risk also increases with age, a personal or family history of blood clots, smoking, and obesity. The risk of blood clots is also increased if you are immobilized for prolonged periods and with major surgery. If possible, this medication should be stopped 4 weeks before major surgery. Talk about the risk of blood clots with your doctor.
Blood pressure: Women may experience increased blood pressure when using estrogen replacement therapy. Blood pressure should be monitored, especially if high doses of estrogen are used. With estradiol vaginal tablets, an increase in blood pressure is less likely because less estrogen is absorbed into the blood, compared with estrogen oral tablets, patches, or gel. Ask your doctor how often you should have your blood pressure checked.
Bone disease: If you have bone disease due to cancer or a metabolic condition causing too much calcium in your body, discuss with your doctor how this medication may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of this medication, and whether any special monitoring is needed.
Breast and ovarian cancer: Studies indicate an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer with long-term use of estrogen replacement therapy. Women who have breast nodules, fibrocystic disease, abnormal mammograms, or a strong family history of breast cancer should be closely monitored by their doctor if they use estrogens. Women taking estrogens should have regular breast examinations and should be taught how to do a breast self-examination. This medication must not be applied to the breasts, as it may have harmful effects on the breast tissue.
Dementia: Women over age 65 receiving combined hormone replacement therapy may be at increased risk of developing dementia (loss of memory and intellectual function). If you are over 65, talk to your doctor about whether you should be tested for dementia.
Diabetes: If you have diabetes, your doctor should closely monitor your condition while you are taking this medication, as it may affect blood sugar control.
Endometrial cancer: There is evidence that estrogen replacement therapy can increase the risk of cancer of the endometrium (lining of the uterus). Taking a progestin at the right time along with the estrogen reduces this risk of endometrial cancer to the same level as that of a woman who does not take estrogen. A progestin is not usually needed for women using estradiol vaginal tablets. This is because very little estrogen from the estradiol vaginal tablet is absorbed into the blood, compared with estrogen oral tablets, patches, or gel. For further information, check with your doctor.
Endometriosis: Estrogen replacement therapy can cause endometriosis to reappear or get worse. If you have or have had endometriosis, discuss with your doctor how this medication may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of this medication, and whether any special monitoring is needed.
Fibroids: This medication may worsen fibroids, causing sudden enlargement, pain, or tenderness. If you notice these effects, contact your doctor.
Fluid retention: Estrogen may cause fluid retention. Women with heart or kidney problems, epilepsy, or asthma should be closely monitored by their doctor while taking this medication.
Follow-up examinations: It is important to have a follow-up examination 3 to 6 months after starting this medication to assess the response to treatment. Examinations should be done at least once a year after the first one.
Gallbladder: This medication can aggravate gallbladder disease or increase the risk of developing it. If you have gallbladder disease, discuss with your doctor how this medication may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of this medication, and whether any special monitoring is needed.
High cholesterol or triglycerides: Estrogen may increase levels of triglycerides (a type of fat found in the blood) in those who already have high levels of triglycerides. This has been observed particularly when estrogen is taken orally (by mouth). The risk is reduced with use of the vaginal tablets. Ask your doctor to monitor your levels of triglycerides.
Liver disease: If you have or have had liver problems, you may require special monitoring by your doctor while you use this medication. If you have ever had liver problems, discuss with your doctor how this medication may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of this medication, and whether any special monitoring is needed.
Migraine headaches: For some people, estrogen can aggravate migraine headaches. Talk to your doctor if you notice any change in your migraine pattern while using estrogen.
Pregnancy: Estradiol vaginal tablets should not be used during pregnancy. If you become pregnant while using this medication, contact your doctor immediately.
Breast-feeding: Estrogen passes into breast milk. If you are a breast-feeding mother and are using estradiol vaginal tablets, it may affect your baby. This medication is not recommended for use by breast-feeding mothers.
Children: The safety and effectiveness of this medication have not been established for use by children. This medication is not intended for use by children.
What other drugs could interact with this medication?
There may be an interaction between estradiol vaginal tablets and any of the following:
- anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin)
- other medications applied in the vagina
- blood-pressure-lowering medications (e.g., atenolol, rampiril, enalapril, lisinopril, amlodipine)
If you are taking any of these medications, speak with your doctor or pharmacist. Depending on your specific circumstances, your doctor may want you to:
- stop taking one of the medications,
- change one of the medications to another,
- change how you are taking one or both of the medications, or
- leave everything as is.
An interaction between two medications does not always mean that you must stop taking one of them. In many cases, interactions are intended or are managed by close monitoring. Speak to your doctor about how any drug interactions are being managed or should be managed.
Medications other than those listed above may interact with this medication. Tell your doctor or prescriber about all prescription, over-the-counter (non-prescription), and herbal medications that you are taking. Also tell them about any supplements you take. Since caffeine, alcohol, the nicotine from cigarettes, or street drugs can affect the action of many medications, you should let your prescriber know if you use them. | <urn:uuid:b8c1e272-92a5-4115-af26-c4e857ddaff4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.medbroadcast.com/drug/getdrug/vagifem | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00372-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.924991 | 3,051 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Light and shadow can be understood as building materials just as much as concrete, steel, and glass. The objective of the project for this studio was to analyze a fictional, nameless site through the behavior of light, as well as test space typologies on an urban condition. The site contained a particularly narrow footprint, a 16-foot grade change, and relationships to varying data including a canal, street, and contextual buildings. The program for the Light Gallery consisted of three exhibition spaces (two interior, one exterior), a lobby area, restrooms, offices, and storage spaces.
Using the effects of direct and indirect lighting, the Light Gallery works to emanate the concept of shift in three ways: light shift, volumetric shift, and circulation shift. These three communications produce exhibition halls that both highlight and accent the existing variation in levels within the site context.
By placing the staircases and landings in several different locations across the site, program and circulation become a continuous system that promotes traversal through the entire space. Differences in exhibition spaces occur as a result of interruption—by placing secondary program in the middle of the gallery. This then works to create dynamic displays of light and varying experiences throughout the day. Volumetric and planar shifts in floor levels and program spaces create protrusions and extrusions on the exterior that create energetic elevations, as well as an interior condition that allows guests to view the effects of light from various levels.
This project was completed under the instruction of Victoria McReynolds at the College of Architecture at Texas Tech University.
Fabrication of the studio site model and supplemental studio elements by Bonilla, Brennan, Clifford, Dumas, Edwards, Freres, Nguyen, Oliver, Pacheco, Petty, Rivera, Serna, and Sprinkle. All other work and images produced by Andrew Pacheco.
All images are owned and retained by McReynolds, Pacheco, and the Texas Tech University College of Architecture. | <urn:uuid:ea10023d-91fd-4ed5-8ec4-04dc3236afe9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://andrewpacheco.com/light-gallery | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.93435 | 404 | 1.96875 | 2 |
What does Lip twitching mean?
This means that you are having a sudden involuntary contraction of your lip muscles. It is also called lip fasciculations. It is something that can happen to anyone regardless of age, race, or gender and is a very common occurrence. It can affect your top, bottom, or both lips. Most of the time if your lip is twitching fast it may not appear to others that it is twitching although you can feel it twitching.
Symptoms of Lip Twitching
The symptoms of lip twitching are very evident. They can be felt as slight tremors which could radiate to the rest of your face as well. A person with lip twitching may also show the following symptoms:
- Having involuntary or sudden contractions of your lip muscles
- Mild palpitation like movements especially on your upper lip.
- A feeling of frozen lips or numbness
- A curling sensation of the edges of your lips
- Spasms that are repeated and occur after a gap of a few minutes
When a person experiences lip twitching it can make your lip feel like it is quivering.
Lip Twitching Causes
There are many different reasons why a person might have lip twitching that can include:
- Irritation of the facial nerve due to trauma or injury
- Stimulation of the nerve endings that is present in the muscles of your lips
- Withdrawal from alcohol, drugs, or cigarettes
- A side effect of taking over-the-counter stimulants and medication
- Vent of emotions like anger, excitement, or fear
- Anxiety or nervousness
- Severe stress or fatigue
- Muscle fatigue
- A deficiency of potassium
- Lack of electrolytes
- Bell’s palsy which is a medical condition that involves the dysfunction or malfunction of the cranial nerve that is present in your facial muscles
- A viral infection such as genital herpes or a cold sore
- Excess intake of caffeine
- The cranial nerves of your facial muscles are not functioning properly
If a person has continuous or persistent twitching of the lips to could be due to some underlying serious health disorders like:
- A facial spasm or tic that can be aggravated due to stress or fatigue which can cause repeated motor movements. A tic can also involve the muscles of your face and eyes. This type will frequently occur in childhood and many times resolve on their own.
- Hemifacial spasm which can be aggravated by anxiety occurs when the facial nerve gets compressed because of a tumor. It is a nervous system disorder and affects a certain branch of nerves.
- Continual twitching can be caused by hysterical or drug induced tremors
- Tourette’s syndrome which is a neurological disorder that causes involuntary sounds and movements and in this case the lip twitching is repeatedly done.
- DiGeorge syndrome which is a gene disorder in which there is a defect in the chromosome 22 with varying conditions
- Parkinson’s disease which is a neurodegenerative disorder that leads to progressive deterioration of motor function. Lip twitching can affect one or both lips and occur as rhythmical involuntary movements. In later stages of this disease the lip twitching is noticed when the person is sleeping and may continue when they are eating or talking.
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) which is a neurological disorder that weakens your muscles
- Hyperparathyroidism which is having a low production of the hormone parathormone by your parathyroid gland.
In some of the underlying medical conditions lip twitching can be one of many different symptoms a person has with that particular medical condition. In addition lip twitching can even occur when your lips are at rest.
When a person has lip twitching it is often overlooked but it is essential to find out what is causing and if it needs to be treated then starting treatment. Although these are not treatments for lip twitching they are some preventative measures than can help to reduce or stop the jerky movements of the lips.
- Taking proper care of the mental and physical condition of your body
- Avoiding or reducing the intake of caffeinated or alcoholic beverages
- When the twitching starts apply a warm cloth to the surface of your lips or apply pressure to your lip with your finger to stop the lip twitching immediately
- Reduce stress and fatigue by practicing stress buster exercises or yoga
- Eating a well balanced diet including foods like watermelon and bananas that are rich in potassium along with other vegetables and fruits.
To treat lip twitching the first step is to find what is causing the lip muscles to twitch in the first place. Once that is found out your physician can treat that underlying cause to help the twitching to gradually reduce and then hopefully disappear. If it is because of caffeine intake, stress, smoking, etc, then you will need to make certain lifestyle chances. Many times the lip twitching will disappear without any residual problems. Although most of the time lip twitching is not the cause for concerned but if it becomes persistent it is best to see your physician to rule out any serious underlying medical reasons for lip twitching. | <urn:uuid:374cdebf-d9d8-4700-9d65-87b5d3e6f038> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://healthool.com/lip-twitching/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00435-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950367 | 1,056 | 2.75 | 3 |
University of California - San Diego
Engineers at the University of California San Diego have developed a breakthrough in electrolyte chemistry that enables lithium batteries to run at temperatures as low as -60 degrees Celsius with excellent performance -- in comparison, today's lithium-ion batteries stop working at -20 degrees Celsius. The new electrolytes also enable electrochemical capacitors to run as low as -80 degrees Celsius -- their current low temperature limit is -40 degrees Celsius. While the technology enables extreme low temperature operation, high performance at room temperature is still maintained. The new electrolyte chemistry could also increase the energy density and improve the safety of lithium batteries and electrochemical capacitors.
The work will be published online by the journal Science on Thursday, 15 June, 2017.
The technology could allow electric vehicles in cold climates to travel farther on a single charge, alleviating range anxiety during the winter in places like Boston. The technology could also be used to power craft in the extreme cold, such as high atmosphere WiFi drones and weather balloons, satellites, interplanetary rovers and other aerospace applications.
The batteries and electrochemical capacitors the researchers developed are especially cold hardy because their electrolytes are made from liquefied gas solvents -- gases that are liquefied under moderate pressures -- which are far more resistant to freezing than standard liquid electrolytes. The new lithium battery electrolyte was made using liquefied fluoromethane gas. The electrochemical capacitor electrolyte was made using liquefied difluoromethane gas.
"Deep de-carbonization hinges on the breakthroughs in energy storage technologies. Better batteries are needed to make electric cars with improved performance-to-cost ratios. And once the temperature range for batteries, ultra-capacitors and their hybrids is widened, these electrochemical energy storage technologies can be adopted in many more emerging markets. This work shows a promising pathway and I think the success of this unconventional approach can inspire more scientists and researchers to explore the unknown territories in this research area," said Shirley Meng, a nanoengineering professor at the UC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering and the study's senior author. Meng leads the Laboratory for Energy Storage and Conversion and is the director of the Sustainable Power and Energy Center, both at UC San Diego.
"It is generally agreed upon that the electrolyte is the primary bottleneck to improve performance for next generation energy storage devices," said Cyrus Rustomji, a postdoctoral researcher in Meng's group and the study's first author. "Liquid-based electrolytes have been thoroughly researched and many are now turning their focus to solid state electrolytes. We have taken the opposite, albeit risky, approach and explored the use of gas based electrolytes."
The UC San Diego researchers are the first to explore gas-based electrolytes for electrochemical energy storage devices.
In the future, this technology could be used to power spacecraft for interplanetary exploration. "Mars rovers have a low temperature specification that most existing batteries cannot meet. Our new battery technology can meet these specs without adding expensive and heavy heating elements," Rustomji said.
In pursuing this project, the UC San Diego team realized that gases have a property that would make them work particularly well at temperatures where conventional liquid electrolytes would freeze -- low viscosity. "Low viscosity leads to high ion mobility, which means high conductivity for the battery or capacitor, even in the extreme cold," Rustomji said.
The team explored a range of potential gas candidates but focused on two new electrolytes: one based on liquefied fluoromethane (for lithium batteries) and the other based on liquefied difluoromethane (for electrochemical capacitors).
In addition to their exceptional low temperature performance, these electrolytes offer a unique safety advantage. They mitigate a problem called thermal runaway, which is when the battery gets hot enough to set off a dangerous chain of chemical reactions that in turn heat up the battery even further. With these new electrolytes, the battery will be unable to self-heat at temperatures much higher than room temperature. That's because at high temperatures, these electrolytes lose the ability to dissolve salts, so the battery loses conductivity and stops working.
"This is a natural shutdown mechanism that prevents the battery from overheating," Rustomji said. Another nice feature, he noted, is that this mechanism is reversible. "As soon as the battery gets too hot, it shuts down. But as it cools back down, it starts working again. That's uncommon in conventional batteries."
Further, Rustomji said, under more severe conditions such as an automobile accident when the battery is crushed and shorted, the electrolyte gas may vent away from the cell and, due to the lack of electrolyte conductivity, prevent the thermal runaway reaction which would otherwise be difficult to avoid with conventional liquid electrolytes.
Compatible electrolyte for lithium metal anodes
Meng, Rustomji and colleagues have made a big step forward towards accomplishing another long-sought dream of battery researchers: making an electrolyte that works well with the lithium metal anode. Lithium is considered the ultimate anode material because it can store more charge than existing anodes and is lighter. A problem is that lithium metal reacts with conventional liquid electrolytes. These chemical reactions cause lithium metal to have a low Coulombic efficiency, meaning it can only undergo a limited number of charge and discharge cycles before the battery stops working.
Another problem using conventional liquid electrolytes with a lithium metal anode is that with repeated charge and discharge cycles, lithium can pile up at particular spots on the electrode. This causes the growth of needle-like structures called dendrites that can pierce parts of the battery, causing it to short-circuit.
Previous approached to improve these issues include: using low viscosity electrolytes; applying high mechanical pressure on the electrode; and using what are called fluorinated electrolyte additives to form an ideal chemical makeup on the surface of the lithium metal electrode. The new liquefied gas electrolytes developed by the UC San Diego team combine all three of these key aspects into a single electrolyte system. The subsequent interphase formed on the electrode is a highly uniform and dendrite free surface allowing for a high Coulombic efficiency of over 97 percent and improved battery conductivity. This is also the first time an electrolyte has been shown to have high performance on both lithium metal and classical cathode materials, which could allow for a substantial increase in the overall energy density of batteries, researchers said.
Moving forward, researchers aim to improve the energy density and cyclability of both batteries and electrochemical capacitors and to run at even lower temperatures -- down to -100 degrees Celsius. This work could lead to the development of new technology to power spacecraft sent to explore the outer planets such as Jupiter and Saturn.
Rustomji is leading a UC San Diego-based team working to commercialize this technology via a startup called South 8 Technologies.
EurekAlert!, the online, global news service operated by AAAS, the science society: https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-06/uoc--emf061217.php | <urn:uuid:56aa3a52-fa23-49d1-b618-3f4f8ce50a36> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.powersystemsdesign.com/articles/electrolytes-made-from-liquefied-gas-enable-batteries-to-run-at-ultra-low-temperatures/93/11620 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.92712 | 1,493 | 3.34375 | 3 |
M-007 Passive Solar Buildings
- 5 (Registered)
Passive Solar Buildings
The Passive Solar Buildings online PDH course is a part of the Mechanical Engineering category of courses. This course is an introduction to passive solar technology to heat buildings. It will tell you about the basic passive systems and climate considerations you need to know about. You will gain knowledge about guidelines for schematic design of passive solar buildings and will learn the foundation to move forward with passive solar design as an integral part of your building design skills.
Passive solar energy is one of the most efficient forms of energy in the world. Not only does it reduce the cost of energy for your home, company, agency or clients, it reduces the demand on limited global energy supplies and avoids carbon emissions and other global environmental impacts associated with energy production and utilization. Participants will learn about the basic systems and building features that can be used to passively heat buildings using solar energy. You will learn how to evaluate climate and solar availability to determine feasibility of cost-effective passive solar systems at specific project sites. You will gain knowledge of guidelines to use in preparing feasibility studies for passive solar projects.
Participants will receive the framework they need to take a leadership position in implementation of passive solar building design in their companies, firms and agencies. You will learn the fundamentals that will allow you to move forward design cost-effective and efficient passive solar buildings.
This course will be of interest to architectural, civil, structural, mechanical and electrical engineers; federal, state and local public works and infrastructure officials; and managers with private companies responsible for design, construction, operation and maintenance of buildings and related infrastructure.
At the end of the course, you will:
- Learn about direct gain heating systems
- Learn about radiant panel systems
- Learn about thermosiphoning air panel systems
- Learn about thermal storage walls
- Learn about sunspaces
- Learn about characteristic weather parameters
- Learn about climate and conservation measures
- Learn about solar availability
- Learn about guidelines for schematic design
- Learn how to manage the fundamental heat transfer mechanisms of conduction, convection and radiation to reduce energy consumption when heating buildings.
- Learn ways to reduce nighttime heating requirements using the heat sink principle.
- Learn how to maximize utilization of solar radiation by effective orientation of your building on its site.
- Learn why avoidance of incremental cooling load is important for reducing energy consumption. | <urn:uuid:ef5ffba1-a297-4b99-aa10-101cba31a449> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pdhstar.com/courses/m-007-passive-solar-buildings-2-pdh/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.897916 | 496 | 2.96875 | 3 |
Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) (By mouth)
Ascorbic Acid (as-KORE-bik AS-id)
Helps patients who do not have enough vitamin C in the body. It is sometimes used to add acidity to the urine.
Ascocid, C-500, C-Time w/Rose Hips, Good Neighbor Pharmacy Great Taste Vitamin C, Mega-C, Nature's Blend Vitamin C, One-Gram C, PharmAssure Vitamin C, Rite Aid Vitamin C, Vitamin C250
When This Medicine Should Not Be Used
How to Use This Medicine
Tablet, Powder, Chewable Tablet, Long Acting Tablet, Long Acting Capsule, Liquid
- Your doctor will tell you how much to take and how often. Always follow the dose instructions on the label if you take this medicine in over-the-counter form.
- May be taken with or without food.
- Swallow the tablet or capsule whole, do not chew or crush.
- Chew the chewable tablet and swallow.
- Carefully measure the oral liquid using a marked measuring spoon or medicine cup, or with the dropper that comes with the medicine. This medicine may either be mixed with foods such as cereal and fruit juice, or be dropped into the mouth.
If a dose is missed:
- Try not to miss any doses; however, it is usually not a problem if you miss one or two doses.
How to Store and Dispose of This Medicine
- Store at room temperature in a closed container away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not freeze.
- Keep all medicine away from children.
Drugs and Foods to Avoid
Ask your doctor or pharmacist before using any other medicine, including over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products.
- Make sure your doctor knows if you are taking a blood thinner, such as Coumadin®.
Warnings While Using This Medicine
- Check with your doctor before taking vitamin C if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or have any medical problems.
- Ascorbic acid may interfere with tests that measure sugar in the urine of patients with diabetes.
Possible Side Effects While Using This Medicine
If you notice these less serious side effects, talk with your doctor:
- Nausea and vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea
If you notice other side effects that you think are caused by this medicine, tell your doctor
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088
- Last reviewed on 12/12/2016
The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- 2013 A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited. | <urn:uuid:af0aacf4-b011-4f4a-9137-f7536fa4d7e6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://umm.edu/health/medical/drug-notes/notes/ascorbic-acid-vitamin-c-by-mouth | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00428-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.884083 | 647 | 2.125 | 2 |
Part 1 of a 4 part video detailing all of the basic settings and adjustments of the carburetors found on Minarelli / Jog / 1E40QMB powered 50-90cc scooters and youth ATVs. Part 1 touches on carburetor size, connections, and screws. The rest of the series will cover adjustments including idle speed, idle mixture, needle, pilot, and main jet. Please like the video if you found it to be helpful.
scooter, moped, carb, carburetor, settings, adjustment, basics, 2t, two stroke, 2 stroke, help, vento, cpi, benelli, eton, e-ton, polaris, kasea, sportsman, 90, predator, yamaha, minarelli, jog, 1e40qmb, tuning, tune, how-to, tutorial, 49cc, 50cc, 70cc, 9 | <urn:uuid:f9a1a702-5350-4df8-ae3f-67039dffbfa4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://cs.atv-club.com/video/two-stroke-scooter-atv-carburetor-settings-and-10206 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00490-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.839183 | 192 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Among the many highlights of the survey that polled 200 executives is word that 83 percent expect an increase in electric motor production, 81 percent think automakers will increase investment in battery technology, 76 percent see more power electronics investment, and 65 percent see increased investment in fuel cells. The survey results didn't show any conclusive winner as to which sort of alternative fuel technology might win out, with 20 percent choosing fuel cell vehicles, 16 percent picking battery-powered electrics, 22 percent choosing hybrids, 21 percent weighing in on plug-in hybrids, and 18 percent opting for battery-powered electrics with range extenders.
Perhaps the most interesting nugget we see is that 61 percent of the executives surveyed agreed that "the optimization (so-called downsizing) of internal combustion engines (ICE) still offers greater efficiency and CO2 reduction potential than any electric vehicle technology based on the current energy mix."
Click past the jump to read the full press release results.
However, auto makers expected to pump investment into electric technologies; No clear electrified propulsion winner, execs mixed on consumer demand for e-vehicles by 2025
DETROIT, Jan. 5, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Despite continued heavy investment by auto makers in electric propulsion technologies, global automotive executives don't expect e-car sales to exceed 15 percent of annual global auto sales before 2025, according to the 13th annual global automotive survey conducted by KPMG LLP, the U.S. audit, tax, and advisory firm.
In polling 200 C-level executives in the global automotive industry for the 2012 automotive survey, KPMG found that nearly two-thirds (65 percent) of executives don't expect electrified vehicles (meaning all e-vehicles, from full hybrids to FCEVs) to exceed 15 percent of global annual auto sales before 2025. Executives in the U.S. and Western Europe expect even less adoption, projecting e-vehicles will only account for 6-10 percent of global annual auto sales.
"Electric vehicles are still in their infancy, and while we've seen some recent model introductions, consumer demand has so far been modest," said Gary Silberg, National Automotive Industry leader for KPMG LLP. "While we can expect no more than modest demand in the foreseeable future, we can also expect OEMs to intensify investment, fully appreciating what is at stake in a very competitive industry."
Automakers Inject Investments into Range of Electric Technologies
Despite the relatively modest sales projections for electric vehicles over the next 15 years, automotive executives in the KPMG survey indicate that a wide range of electric technologies will be an increased focus of their investment matrix. In fact, over the next two years:
- 83 percent say automakers will increase investment in e-motor production,
- 81 percent say investment in battery (pack/cell) technology will rise,
- 76 percent expect increased investment in power electronics for e-cars, and,
- 65 percent predict increased investment in fuel cell (hydrogen) technology.
Placing Bets 'Across the Board'
"What's interesting is that automakers are placing bets across the board, and large bets at that, because no one knows which technology will ultimately win the day with consumers," added Silberg.
"In last year's KPMG survey, execs told us it would be more than five years before the industry is able to offer an electric vehicle that is as affordable as traditional fuel vehicles for mainstream buyers. It will be interesting to see how consumer adoption progresses as automakers discover ways to offer these electrified cars at better price points and the infrastructure for these vehicles becomes more robust and accommodating," he said.
However, despite all the investment and energy being focused on electric platforms, nearly two-thirds (61 percent) of executives say the optimization (so-called downsizing) of internal combustion engines (ICE) still offers greater efficiency and CO2 reduction potential than any electric vehicle technology based on the current energy mix.
No Clear Electrified Propulsion Winner Yet
When asked to name the electrified propulsion technology that will attract the most consumer demand until 2025, auto executives were as mixed as their projected investments. In fact, the variation in response rates between fuel cell electric vehicles (20 percent), battery electrified vehicles (16 percent), full hybrids (22 percent), plug-in hybrids (21 percent), and battery electrified vehicles with range extender (18 percent) was ever so slight.
According to KPMG's Silberg, "The industry faces a tough decision about whether to place more trust and resources in fuel cell or battery vehicle concepts, and these results show that it's way too early to call right now. Clearly hybrids, whether plug-in or full, are more mature and have more market presence, but this battle for the dominant technology platform will continue for years to come."
For the KPMG Global Automotive Executive Survey 2012, KPMG interviewed 200 C-class global automotive executives, including 25 from North America, representing vehicle manufacturers and suppliers, from October through November 2011. KPMG has released an annual survey of automotive executives expressing their views on the state of the industry since 1999.
About KPMG LLP
KPMG LLP, the audit, tax and advisory firm (www.kpmg.com/us), is the U.S. member firm of KPMG International Cooperative ("KPMG International.") KPMG International's member firms have 145,000 people, including more than 8,000 partners, in 152 countries. | <urn:uuid:9e1d7c60-771e-4335-8dc5-8212b40eaa7a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.autoblog.com/2012/01/05/global-auto-execs-dont-see-electric-cars-making-big-inroads-for/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.952479 | 1,135 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Car maintenance neglected despite the increase in regular driving
As COVID-19 cases decline in many regions and the national immunization effort gains momentum, twice as many Americans drive regularly since the start of the pandemic, according to the latest Hankook Tire gauge index.
While 66% of Americans now drive at least a few times a week, down from just 31% in April 2020, the Gauge Index found that most of us don’t mind our vehicles. With milder temperatures on the horizon, proper vehicle maintenance ensures a smooth ride as more drivers get back on the road.
According to the gauge, 70% of drivers in the United States had not checked their tire pressure in the previous 30 days, despite the industry’s recommendation to do so at least once a month. In addition, 73% had not filled their vehicle with fluid and two in three had not cleaned their vehicle, inside or out.
Additionally, only one in three Americans (32%) surveyed took their vehicle out for regular trips, which is useful for keeping fluids flowing, the battery charged, and to help spot any mechanical issues that may require caring attention. ‘a professional. Overall, one in five Americans (22%) admitted not having performed any maintenance on their vehicle in the past 30 days.
âAs many of us get behind the wheel more regularly, we need our vehicles to run smoothly and safely so that we can focus on the road ahead,â said Daniel Brun, Senior Technical Services Specialist, Hankook Tire America Corp. âThat’s why Hankook Tire encourages drivers to add routine maintenance to their spring cleaning rituals. A vehicle in good working order will help many of us regain a sense of freedom and adventure. “
With the prospect of better days on the road, Hankook offers some helpful tips, both on the driveway and on the road, for safe and reliable driving:
Check the tires: Since tire pressure can change dramatically with fluctuations in the outside temperature, it is important to check the tire pressure at least once a month to ensure that it meets the recommended PSI of your vehicle. Low tire pressure can lead to poor performance, premature and uneven wear and higher rolling resistance, which can impact fuel efficiency.
And a simple penny test can check the tread. A shallow tread depth can also have an impact … | <urn:uuid:5940aba9-022d-4110-aecd-b8fc4c928474> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mowerstoblowersraceshop.com/2021/03/18/car-maintenance-neglected-despite-the-increase-in-regular-driving/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573623.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819035957-20220819065957-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.957296 | 474 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Have you ever imagined being a Computer Science Student Athlete? Do you have the heart and passion to compete in such a competitive yet fun and exciting sport? How about competing against other students who are also passionate about their Computer Science and Software Engineering degrees? Can you imagine being able to wear your heart on your sleeve and winning a National Soccer Conference title or Olympic Gold medal? Then by reading this article you may just become that person.
Computer Science and Software Engineering athletes are not an uncommon sight. Many athletes in their sports of choice will be pursuing either a degree in Computer Science or Software Engineering and will use their talents on the field for the remainder of their collegiate playing career or the length of their pro career. It is very common to see soccer, basketball and football players excel in their sport as a Computer Science and Software Engineer. Of course there are other examples of these types of athletes as well including track, ice hockey and football to name a few.
So, what exactly does an athlete do to receive all of the above? The first step would be to get accepted into a Computer Science or Software Engineering school. Each college has its own application process and criteria, but it is best to apply to at least four colleges. Next the athlete should apply to the programs they are considering. Many programs have specific requirements and enrollment requirements, so be sure to read over and be sure the software engineering program fits your needs. Many students attend one of the first few programs they are interested in and then find out later that they were not chosen.
Once the athlete has been accepted into the program of their choice, they will need to decide which courses they wish to take in the upcoming academic year. There will be a lot of homework to do before entering the classroom, but it can still be a great experience and help set the student up for success in college and beyond. It is always good to be on the ball with your courses and this helps set you apart from the rest. Also many computer and software engineering programs require internships or apprenticeships, which may also be requirements for acceptance.
Once accepted to a school, the next step is to decide which courses to take and how to pay for them. Some schools have very strict eligibility requirements, while this link others are more flexible. A student athlete may have to submit letters of intent or have to wait to have letters in before being able to apply for their chosen courses.
As an example, there are some software engineering and computer science classes that may require the student to write a thesis. Depending on the school there may be a certain amount of time they have to submit this or be part of a group that does. Engineering technology may also require a student to submit letters of intent and then wait for specific dates in order to apply for these classes. So it is best to check the requirements of the program the student is going to attend before sending in any application.
Some students have the opportunity to get involved with local groups that they are interested in. These types of groups can be very beneficial in the aspect of getting involved with something that the whole college is involved in. Engineering technology clubs can also be very beneficial, as many engineering technology clubs will hold fundraisers that can benefit the entire school. These fundraisers can be very successful if the right group is found.
Software engineering has become very popular in the last twenty years, and many schools are looking towards hiring student athletes who have the skills for the job. Being a software engineer can be very rewarding, although it does come with a lot of responsibility. Many students find that having a mentor is very helpful. They will be able to go into the team and know exactly what to do on a daily basis. Many software engineering positions do require that the student be enrolled full time, meaning they have to have a full ride scholarship. | <urn:uuid:ac1c94f0-813b-48f7-80d2-2483b8a1bdb0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://oracleadf.codingforstudent.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.979554 | 770 | 2.578125 | 3 |
When I see the word “breast” and “natural history” in one sentence I think, ‘oh, the natural history museum of boobs, where is that again? New York, closed Thanksgiving and Christmas day, open daily at 10 a.m.?’
Sad news for the male population, there is no American Museum Of Natural Breast History, but there is a new book about the evolution of the things called Breasts: A Natural And Unnatural History by Colorado-native Florence Williams.
The author delves into sexuality, plastic surgery, cancer, general evolution, and effects during puberty and menopause. And come on, it’s an entire book inadvertently made for 10 year-old boys to laugh and blush at, at least until they open it and realize the words are too big.
In this work of non-fiction we also learn that breast milk “contains substances similar to cannabis” and is sold on the internet for “262 times the price of oil.” So your husband and/or boyfriend will siphon your milk and replace his bong water with it?
Guess where this video was shot? NOT Portland but Boulder, Colorado… | <urn:uuid:a1bbab41-52bb-46f7-82bc-a74ac9602994> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://thetwistgossip.com/2012/05/12/breasts-a-natural-and-unnatural-history-book/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719566.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00262-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953824 | 249 | 1.53125 | 2 |
[Solved by Experts] Done Via Electronic Communication
you are required to say thank you to two different people who were instrumental in your life.
One thank you should be done verbally (face-to-face) and the other thank you should be done via electronic communication (text, email, FaceTime, IG, Snap Chat, Skype, etc).
Write a minimum of three paragraphs for each Thank You type (verbal and electronic) and include the following:
- identifying who you thanked
- why you thanked them
- their reaction, and
- how you felt saying thank you. | <urn:uuid:37a1b043-70f1-428a-a057-7f4b21b3edb7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cheapcustompapers.org/solved-by-experts-done-via-electronic-communication/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.941795 | 121 | 2.015625 | 2 |
TAPPER: Just a point of clarification, the $4 trillion in deficit reduction. About 2 trillion dollars in that is from winding down the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan?
CARNEY: No, that's -
CARNEY: That's - that figure is too high. The - as the original Ryan budget does, it includes OCO, which is the acronym, which stands for something that means what you're talking about.
And it demonstrates the savings from policy decisions that this president made to end the war in Iraq and to end - to put us on a path of ending the war in Afghanistan, policy decisions that are hugely significant not just as foreign policy and national security matters and not just for the men and women who are sent overseas to fight on our behalf, but for budgetary reasons, which, by the way, leaders - at least some of the leaders in the other party, reject, those who say we should still have American soldiers in Iraq, those who say that we should not have a timetable for ending the war in Afghanistan.
You can't have it both ways. You can't say you'd rather reverse those policies, continue to have troops in Iraq, prolong our stay in Afghanistan, which of course requires that - money to pay for them, and then - and then say, but you can't count that savings that are a result of concrete policy decisions.
TAPPER: So what are -
CARNEY: Paul Ryan thought they were legitimate in his first budget proposal.
TAPPER: Well, not really. But -
CARNEY: He did. They were in - go look at the Ryan budget.
TAPPER: I did.
CARNEY: And it's in there.
TAPPER: There's one way of scoring in which it's in there, and then the way - the scoring that they presented, it was not. But that's not really what I want to talk about. So -
CARNEY: These are concrete savings from a - the - from a budget - from a - policy decisions that the president of the United States put in place that others, were they in the Oval Office, would not have put in place, with all the resulting costs.
TAPPER: In six and a half months we're facing this potential debacle, right, this $8 trillion. How much energy does the president intend to devote to trying to solve this problem before it reaches a crisis in December?
CARNEY: The president has put forward a budget proposal that solves - I mean, if you're talking about -
TAPPER: I'm talking about negotiating with congressional leaders.
CARNEY: - dealing with the sequester, which - by the way, the Congress voted for the Budget Control Act. The Congress assigned itself the task of -
TAPPER: And they --
CARNEY: - coming up with a balanced solution - coming up with a solution - the only successful one has to be balanced if it's going to be bipartisan - in order to avoid the sequester, which no party wants to see enacted.
TAPPER: Right. Absolutely. Congress -
CARNEY: Congress continues to have that opportunity. But -
TAPPER: I'm with you. We have this problem six and a half months from now.
CARNEY: But, look, we - as - it is a part of the American ethic that when you get knocked down, you get up and you keep - you keep trying, and that's what Congress ought to do. They ought to come together, work out a balanced approach. The president has put forward, concretely and specifically, the ideas that he thinks should guide that approach.
You know, the policy choices here are pretty clear. There's been a lot of debate and discussion and serious-minded negotiation on these subjects… So there - there's an opportunity that remains, as the president made clear in the meeting and as I made clear in my readout of the meeting - that remains for the kinds of bipartisan compromise around a balanced approach that the budget the president put forward represents.
TAPPER: So, just to clarify, the answer is none. The president -
CARNEY: That's not - that's not true at all. I mean, they talked about it today. The key stumbling block here -
TAPPER: Is that the Republicans in the House refuse to raise any taxes.
CARNEY: Refuse to acknowledge that the only way to do this, the only way to come together and get this done is to adopt the balanced approach that not just the president, but just about everyone else who's looked at this has deemed the right way to do it. So - and as I said on a number of issues, the president accepts the fact that just because he says he believes it's the right thing to do, Republicans may not then do it. But there - they have constituents they need to answer to.
And one of the more remarkable things about the apparent desire to recreate the debacle of last summer, that was precipitated by the same approach that the speaker of the House suggested we adopt again, is that the American people thought it was a terrible thing. And I don't think they would reward leaders who suggest that the right way to fulfill their responsibility as leaders is to risk tanking the American economy.
That's just terrible. That's not leadership. That's a failure of leadership. And the right way to get something done is to agree that you're not going to get everything you want and look at what so many people have put forward as the necessary path for bipartisan compromise.
TAPPER: The 1.2 trillion dollars - I think it's $1.2 trillion in cuts that are the sequester cuts that automatically kick in, if the Bush tax cuts, $4 trillion worth, expire, would that eliminate the need to sequester $1.2 trillion in cuts?
CARNEY: Well, mathematically it might be so. I haven't done the analysis myself. But the president, as you know, believes we should extend tax cuts for the middle class and we absolutely should end unnecessary tax cuts for the wealthiest Americans.
TAPPER: Right, I know. But you also feel that not everybody's going to get everything they want. So I was just wondering if it'd be possible -
CARNEY: Well, that wouldn't represent everything we want. We -
TAPPER: Is there a mechanism in there - so, I'm just - it's a technical question. If the $4 trillion in tax cuts expire, does that negate the need for 1.2 trillion dollars in -
CARNEY: I think you're talking about apples and oranges here. And I think there are a lot of things that people have talked about that -
TAPPER: Not really.
CARNEY: - you know, rise to - you know, that will - that will be dealt with, if they haven't been by then, by the end of the year.
TAPPER: It's $4 trillion in revenue.
CARNEY: Right, but there are a number of issues that - there's the Bush tax cuts, there's sequester and there are other - you know, the - I'm not going to negotiate how that plays out now.
TAPPER: What I'm asking is - I'm not asking you to negotiate. The question is -
CARNEY: As a technical thing, if you're asking me does 4 trillion dollars account for 1.2 trillion dollars, I -
TAPPER: - would that - would it negate it?
CARNEY: It doesn't negate it. These are policy decisions that policymakers have to make about where they think this country ought to go in terms of - in terms of the policies we ought to adopt that will help grow the economy and deal with our fiscal challenges. And there are - you know, there are a lot of decisions to be made.
What is helpful in this case is that the universe of options has been pretty thoroughly explored over the last several years as we've had commissions and negotiations and budget proposals put forward.
And the consensus, the broad consensus that has emerged from this prolonged debate, is that we need to take a balanced approach to this. We need to deal with these challenges by cutting nondefense discretionary spending significantly, which the president has already agreed to do and signed into law. We need to introduce reforms into our entitlement system that strengthen those programs and produce savings in health care. And we need to increase revenues, so that we don't have to deal with our deficit and debt in a way that puts all the burden on the middle class and senior citizens, because that's just not the right thing to do. And it would be bad for our economy. It would be bad to adopt a proposal that, lacking any other detail
provided in it, would, at the - would potentially cut investments in education and border security and all sorts of other programs, innovation, by something on the order of 19 percent.
TAPPER: These commission recommendations you keep talking about, this consensus about - President Obama has not endorsed any of them, right?
CARNEY: The president has, through his actions and his proposals, endorsed the balanced approach that is represented by the Simpson-Bowles commission, by the Domenici-Rivlin commission.
TAPPER: But he didn't - those are two -
CARNEY: The numbers are not exactly the same, and in fact what is off -
TAPPER: But he doesn't support their recommendations.
CARNEY: Not all of them in their specifics, but in - you know, they have far greater defense cuts. Does Paul Ryan support that? They have far greater tax revenues. You know, these are just two areas where it - you know, you guys should be calling out folks who say, well, you know, we should be supporting this commission, when in fact it includes proposals that they wouldn't come near to with a 10-foot pole.
The president's proposals actually proposed in his budget fewer defense cuts and fewer - and less revenues than Simpson-Bowles, another example of his willingness to compromise. This is - you know, so the outline of what needs to be done is clear. It has been clear for a long time. It is supported broadly by the American people. It is supported by Democrats, independents and Republicans, bipartisan commissions, gray beards, young academics, all sorts of experts.
- Jake Tapper | <urn:uuid:a6cb2749-c311-4288-909b-3ec14f6150fb> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2012/05/the-pending-8-trillion-trainwreck-todays-qs-for-os-wh-5162012/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720972.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00250-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975859 | 2,170 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Child & Teen Psychological Issues Treated in Philadelphia
There are a variety of emotional, behavioral, learning and/or social challenges a child or teen may face that prompts the need for therapeutic help. Regardless of what these challenges may be, our child and teen specialists help children and teens establish and develop a sense of comfort and peace with who they are. We offer a wide range of therapy, assessment and evaluation services to meet the various needs that your child/teen may have, whether they are behavioral problems, social problems, emotional issues, learning challenges, or more complex mental health issues.
We provide a safe, fun, and active environment aimed at empowering children. Utilizing researched techniques and strategies in behavioral management, cognitive behavioral therapy, play therapy and creative arts therapy, our child psychologists, certified school psychologists, and child therapists are skilled at making the process of therapy a fun and life enhancing experience. | <urn:uuid:50f1b4ea-800c-4a0a-b9b8-37082e311422> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://equilibriapcs.com/psychological-issues-treated/kids-issues-treated/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.910386 | 181 | 1.921875 | 2 |
The wideband frequency response of a power transformer will yield a signature unique to its mechanical geometry. A change in the frequency response can be indicative of winding deformation. Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) is a diagnostic tool used to monitor frequency response changes. The aim of this paper is to facilitate FRA interpretation through the development of a three phase transformer model that is based on the estimation of physical parameters. The paper will demonstrate the applicability of the model by using FRA data sets of a 1.3 MVA distribution transformer and assessing the accuracy of key parameter estimates.
IEEE PES Trondheim PowerTech 2011: The Power of Technology for a Sustainable Society. Proceedings of the IEEE PES Trondheim PowerTech 2011: The Power of Technology for a Sustainable Societ (Trondheim, Norway 19 - 23 June, 2011) | <urn:uuid:164c7eaa-9aa2-484c-b560-1a84e626abc7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/uon:9240?f0=type%3A%22conference+paper%22 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00026-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.839474 | 171 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Operating activities (or operations) are the ongoing activities that a business is involved in - e.g. processing a customers order in an Argos store, producing a biro or razor in a BIC plant, etc. It is important that these operations are controlled effectively to make sure that managers achieve desired objectives.
For example, production managers may have created a schedule for a particular line whereby 1,000 razors are produced in an hour with zero defects.
If it is noticed that there is a defect to a single razor it is essential to put into effect control procedures so that the line can be put right immediately.
Production variety is inevitable and this can lead to organisational problems. For example, an increase in the number of component types will require more space in the stores. Control of variety is essential in reducing storage space, the number of production runs, types of machines, production aids and in making production control easier. As firms move towards specialisation, opportunities increase for mass production. Mass production is the production of goods on a large scale.
Typically the greater the volume of mass production, the greater the benefits of economies of scale as the firm moves towards its lowest unit cost size. It is often assumed that mass production will affect quality.
However, this is rarely the case. With mass production, quality will be more uniform and will not depend upon the scale of production but upon the skill of managers.
Automation and robotics have enabled managers to gain far more control over operating systems. Computer Aided Design (CAD) enables high levels of efficiency in the design of products. Computer Aided Manufacturing enables high levels of control and standardisation in manufacturing processes.
CAD/CAM - computer-aided design, and computer-aided manufacturing. A product is designed with a CAD programme and then the design is translated into instructions which are transmitted to machines that are dedicated to the manufacture of items such as car parts, or the finished assembly. | <urn:uuid:6cb8a481-0081-42bc-b650-62797ce959ef> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://businesscasestudies.co.uk/business-theory/operations/controlling-operations.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00408-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941079 | 400 | 3.40625 | 3 |
Analyze data from traditional and alternative sources to predict valuations and spot trends
Real estate service providers can leverage big data to improve customer satisfaction and reduce costs, in turn enhancing their position as strategic partners to maximize and stabilize returns.
Big data has also enabled the housing industry to identify minute yet important differences between local communities.
Whether it is data from traditional property listings (Zillow, Redfin, etc.) or alternative sources like social media or search engines, companies can leverage such data points to develop predictive algorithms and models, thus simplifying and improving buyer experience. | <urn:uuid:9bc9a292-00a5-441c-a431-95cbcd637d23> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.grepsr.com/industries/housing-real-estate/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.905031 | 115 | 1.890625 | 2 |
Accountants use the term capital assets to describe tangible or intangible assets that are used in operations and that have initial useful lives extending beyond a single reporting period.1 As a practical matter, not all items that technically meet this definition should be capitalized for financial reporting purposes.2 When potentially capitalizable items are not, in fact, capitalized, care must be taken to ensure that adequate control is maintained over any such items that fall within the following categories:
- Items that require special attention to ensure legal compliance. Legal or contractual provisions may require a higher than ordinary level of accountability over certain capital-type items (e.g., items acquired through grant contracts);
- Items that require special attention to protect public safety and avoid potential liability. Some capital-type items by their very nature pose a risk to public safety and could be the source of potential liability (e.g., police weapons);
- Items that require special attention to compensate for a heightened risk of theft (walk away items). Some capital-type items are both easily transportable and readily marketable or easily diverted to personal use (e.g., sound equipment).
Noncapitalized items that require special attention because they are sensitive for one or more of these reasons might be described as controlled capital-type items.
GFOA recommends that every government undertake a systematic effort to identify all of its controlled capital-type items.
Control normally should occur at the departmental level. Departments typically would be expected to concern themselves with controlled capital-type items as an integral part of the process they use to achieve their operational goals. Therefore, individual departments, rather than a centralized finance function (or other designated finance function), normally should be the focus of control efforts.
Control responsibility should be assigned within each department. Control cannot be divorced from accountability. Consequently, departments should assign responsibility for different groups of controlled capital-type items to one or more specific individuals. That assignment should be documented within the department and communicated to the centralized accounting function (or other designated finance function). Likewise, changes in assignments should be documented and communicated.
Individuals responsible for controlled capital-type items should prepare and maintain a complete list of those items each year within the department. At the close of each fiscal year, every individual assigned responsibility for controlled capital-type items should prepare a report (to be maintained within the department) that provides a complete list of those items, along with an explanation of changes from the previous year.
Departments should certify each year to the central accounting function (or other designated finance function) that updated lists of controlled capital-type items are on file and available for inspection. Each department should designate an individual to be responsible for verifying that lists of all controlled capital-type items have been filed each year, as required. The responsible manager in the department should then certify to the central accounting function (or other designated finance function) that those lists are 1) on file and available for inspection and 2) reliable and complete, A sound framework of internal control is necessary to afford a reasonable basis for this certification.3
The central accounting function (or other designated finance function) should periodically verify the data on controlled capital-type items on file in each department. No less than once every five years on a rotating basis (more frequently for particularly sensitive items), the central accounting function (or other designated finance function) should ensure that procedures are performed to verify the reliability and completeness of the data on file in each department concerning controlled capital-type items.
1 See GASB Statement No. 34, Basic Financial Statementsand Management's Discussion and Analysisfor State and Local Governments, paragraph 19.
2 See GFOAs best practice on Establishing Capitalization Thresholds for Capital Assets (2001).
3 See GFOAs best practice on Getting Management Involved with Internal Control (2004). | <urn:uuid:4405bfa8-ee46-4955-ac5a-1106b3ce7281> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.gfoa.org/maintaining-control-over-items-are-not-capitalized | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00321-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.91812 | 778 | 2.5 | 2 |
In White v. Manhattan R. Co. (139 N.Y. 19) a consent to the construction and operation of an elevated railroad signed by one tenant in common was held not binding upon the owners of the land "other than the one who signed it and his grantees with knowledge."Summary of this case from Goggin v. Manhattan Railway Co.
Argued June 9, 1893
Decided October 3, 1893
Brainard Tolles for appellants. Leo C. Dessar for respondents.
On the 28th day of July, 1887, the plaintiffs became owners of certain land, with the buildings thereon, situated on Chatham square, in the city of New York. They are respectively the widow and daughter of one James H. White, who died on the above date in the possession and ownership of the premises, and who devised the same to the plaintiffs.
The railroad of the defendants was at that time in operation in Chatham square, and on the 30th day of July, 1888, the plaintiffs commenced this action for the purpose of recovering damages which they alleged had been already sustained by them from the operation by defendants of the railroad in front of the plaintiffs' premises without having obtained the right to do so from the owners thereof, and also for the purpose of enjoining the defendants from the further operation of the road unless they paid the damage which such operation of it would thereafter occasion to the plaintiffs as the owners of the premises in question. They recovered judgment for both kinds of relief. Upon the trial the defendants proved that in 1875 the premises were owned by the firm of W.M. Seymour Co., hardware merchants, and the firm was then composed of William M. Seymour, James H. White and Jonathan E. Brush. In February, 1877, Brush conveyed his interest in the premises to his partners, Seymour and White, and in March, 1882, the executor of Seymour, under due authority in the will of the testator, conveyed the interest in the premises of which testator died seized, to James H. White, the plaintiffs' testator.
The defendants further proved that in October, 1875, while the premises were owned by and in the possession of the firm, one of the members thereof (Jonathan E. Brush) signed a paper which reads as follows:
"We, the undersigned, owners of land bounded on Chatham street, east side, between Roosevelt and East Broadway, hereby respectively consent to the construction and operation of an elevated railway over, through and along said street, the said railway to be constructed and operated by either the New York Elevated Railroad Company, or a company to be organized under chapter 606 of the Laws of 1875.
"Dated NEW YORK, October, 1875.
"Street number ............................. 4 "Ward number ............................... 781 "Street front .............................. 34.4 "Owners .............................. Seymour Co. "Residence ................................. _______ "Valuation ................................. $20,000 "Signature ...................... W.M. Seymour Co."
The railroad was constructed subsequent to the execution of this paper, and has been operated as alleged in the complaint.
The court was requested to find the fact as to the execution of this paper, and the subsequent construction of the railroad in accordance with the proof, which was uncontradicted, but the request was refused and an exception duly taken. The principal question in the case arises upon the materiality of this exception.
The plaintiffs insist that the paper was of no more effect than a parol license to do work on the land of the licensor would have been, and that it was revocable at the pleasure of the licensor, and that a revocation was effected by the conveyance of the land, and by the commencement of this action by the devisees of the former owner, James H. White.
There is no finding or proof that the plaintiffs have any title to any portion of the street or square upon which their building fronts, but there is a finding that they acquired with their title to the premises the right to have Chatham square kept open as a public street, "and to have a free and unobstructed right of way, access and passage to and from said premises, and over and upon said street, together with all the use and benefit of the light and air coming in and upon said lot and premises through and from said street, free and unobstructed."
I think the proof shows without contradiction that all the rights in the street they had were what has been termed property rights in the nature of easements of light, air and access. ( Story Case, 90 N.Y. 122; Kane Case, 125 id. 164, and cases cited.)
The defendants, therefore, insist that as the plaintiffs or their predecessors had no title to any portion of the street, the consent of their predecessors, while in the possession and ownership of the abutting land, that the defendants might construct and operate the railroad in the square in front of their land, was more than a mere license to do an act on the land of the licensor, and that it amounted in law and in fact to an abandonment of their rights or easements in the street so far as was necessary for the construction and operation of the railroad, and that the consent to such construction having been acted on and large amounts of money expended on the faith thereof, the plaintiffs as the successors of those who gave the consent are themselves estopped from making any claim for damages arising from such construction and operation. It has been the law in this state for a number of years, that an easement to do some act of a permanent nature on the land of another can be created only by a deed or conveyance in writing, operating as a grant, and that a consent in writing on the part of the landowner is no more valid than if it were by parol.
Thus a parol agreement by the owner of the land that a person may abut and erect a dam on such land, not for a temporary purpose, but for a permanent use such as the creation of a water power for the use of mills, is void, and the agreement being a mere license may be revoked even after it has been acted upon by the other party. Also a permanent easement to drain through the land of another is not created by a license so to do, even when in writing and made upon a good consideration. ( Mumford v. Whitney, 15 Wend. 381; Wiseman v. Lucksinger, 84 N.Y. 31; Cronkhite v. Cronkhite, 94 id. 323; Babcock v. Utter, 1 Abb. Ct. of App. Dec. 27, and cases cited; Eckerson v. Crippen, 110 N.Y. 585.)
The question of the establishment of an easement by adverse user, which may authorize the presumption of a grant, is not involved, nor is the ability to thus prove its existence denied. ( Hammond v. Zehner, 21 N.Y. 118.) It is, however, held (what would otherwise seem to be plain enough) that there can be no adverse user where the right to use exists and is exercised under a license. ( 84 N.Y. 31, supra.)
The reasoning upon which these decisions as to the insufficiency of a license are based, is that the right which is claimed under a license amounts to an interest in land and that such interest cannot be created and cannot pass to another without a proper conveyance or grant of such interest in writing and under seal as required by our statute. It is said that a license is a mere authority to enter upon the land, and is a sufficient protection to the licensee while it lasts, but that it may be revoked at any time, and after its revocation it cannot be used as a protection for any future acts. It is held there can be no equitable estoppel which will operate to prevent the revocation of the license, grounded upon the fact that the licensee has entered upon the land of the licensor and expended thereon labor and money upon the faith of the license, because it must be held that the licensee knew that the license gave him no interest in the land, and that he must rely only upon the indulgence of the licensor, and if that be withdrawn he must himself withdraw from the land. Otherwise, it is said, the statute in regard to the creation and conveyance of interests in land would be in great part abrogated. The easements of abutting owners in New York city, who are without title to any portion of the streets upon which their lands abut, differ somewhat in their origin from ordinary easements. They have not been created by grant or covenant, but it is said of them that it is easier to realize their existence than to trace their origin; that they arise from the situation, the course of legislation, the trust created by statute, the acting upon the faith of public pledges and upon a contract between the public and the property owner, implied from all the circumstances, that the street shall be kept open as a public street, and shall not be devoted to other and inconsistent uses. ( Kane Case, 125 N.Y. supra.) Whatever the means by which the easements were created they are in their nature the same as if they had been created by grant. The owners thereof cannot be divested of them without their consent unless they are compensated therefor. Although it may generally be said, under the authority of the cases already cited, that an easement in the nature of an interest in the land of another can only be created by a grant, yet after it has been created and while it is in existence, it may be abandoned and thus extinguished by acts showing an intention to abandon and extinguish the same. This has been many times decided and by many different courts. A cesser to use, accompanied by an act clearly indicating an intention to abandon the right, would have the same effect as a release without reference to time. ( Snell v. Levitt, 110 N.Y. 595, and cases cited in opinion of EARL, J., at page 603.) The intention to abandon is the material question, and it may be proved by an infinite variety of acts. If a third party interested in the servient estate has acted upon such abandonment, and in regard to whom it would operate unjustly if the exercise of the easement should be resumed in favor of the dominant estate, added force is given to the claim of abandonment. (Id.)
The railroad company having procured the consent of the authorities of the city to the construction of the railroad in the street or square in question upon the terms agreed upon, such company obtained an interest in and to a certain extent a title to the street for the purpose of the construction and operation of its railroad, which was in the nature of property, and which was sufficient to enable it to treat with abutting property owners in the character of one who had an interest in the servient estate. ( People v. O'Brien, 111 N.Y. 1.)
The case before us is, therefore, different from those cases where an easement has been claimed to have been created in the land of a third person, by reason of his mere license to enter upon his land and do some act of a permanent nature which would amount, if the right should continue, to an interest in the land of such person. This interest in land, the cases hold, requires a grant. In this case the owners of the abutting land had no title to the street. They had an easement in it only, and their consent purported to carry no title to land. There can be no question that they had the right to release, abandon or otherwise extinguish that easement, and upon such terms as they should think fit. The question before us is, whether they have done so and to what extent by the execution of the paper proved upon the trial.
Assuming that it was executed by each of the parties who owned an interest in the abutting land at that time, what was its effect? The parties were under no obligation of a legal or moral nature to give this consent. There was nothing in the law, nor, so far as appears, in the circumstances surrounding the parties, which called upon the owners to give their consent upon any condition other than that which operates in all strictly and purely business transactions, the consideration of benefit to themselves. These owners occupied no public position with regard to their property; they were in no sense trustees either for the public or for any human being. They represented only themselves and their own interests, and in deciding whether to consent to the building of the road or not they had legally or morally no possible reason for consulting any but their own interests, as they thought they might be affected by the construction and operation of the road. Under such circumstances, when an abutting landowner is confronted with the question whether he will or will not consent to such construction and operation, and he gives in writing a full, unconditional and absolute consent thereto, where is the reason for saying he did not mean it, but only meant to consent to its construction upon payment of the damages which he might sustain by reason of such construction and operation?
That is clearly in direct contradiction of the language used in the instrument here proved. If such had been the intention, it may be asked why it was not so stated. If not so stated, and in the absence of any evidence that such was the understanding of the parties and that there was a mutual mistake, it seems to me quite plain that effect must be given to the language which was actually used, and that such effect is to create a full and unconditional consent to the building and running of the road, without any claim for damages consequent therefrom.
It is urged that the provisions of the Constitution that no railroad can be built in the public streets without the consent of the owners of one-half in value of the property in the street, or in lieu thereof, the determination of three commissioners appointed by the General Term, after a hearing of all parties interested, and confirmed by the court, that the road might be built, has and should have a most material effect upon this written instrument. It is said that the consent is nothing but a kind of public act designed to give the necessary legality to the acts of the company in commencing to construct the road, and that it cannot be held to mean that the owner consents thereto without the right to claim the damage which he may prove as the result of the very acts to which he has consented.
I can see no sound foundation for any such construction. The provisions of the Constitution are a protection to the abutting landowner so far as they go. They are not absolutely a condition precedent to the construction of the road. If the requisite consents are not given, the company may have recourse to the alternative of a commission appointed by the General Term.
But, in giving the consent, the owner has no public function to perform. It is, as I have already said, an entirely private consideration for himself. Will I or will I not be benefited by the construction and operation of the road, is the only question that he is called upon to decide, and there is nothing in the nature of that question which calls for its decision on any but purely private and individual grounds. If he think he will on the whole be benefited, he will in all probability consent, and if he think the contrary, he will be quite as likely to refuse. If he consent and subsequently find that he has been mistaken as to the probable benefits, no cause or ground for the recovery of damages from the company arises as the result of his error. When, therefore, an abutting owner consents in writing to the construction and operation of an elevated railroad in the street fronting his property, what other possible meaning can be placed upon such act than that he voluntarily abandons his easement of light, etc., in the street to the extent to which it will necessarily be affected by the building of the road? The act is capable of but one construction as it seems to me. He might have consented conditionally, as, for instance, that a majority should also execute such consent, or upon payment of a certain sum, or upon condition of the payment of such damages as he might prove he would sustain from the existence of the road.
In this case, however, there is absolutely no condition stated or claimed. There is the unconditional consent to the building of the road, and upon the assumption that it was signed by all the owners or duly authorized by them, it must be regarded as an abandonment pro tanto of the easement in that street as already described, especially after the consent has been acted upon by the company, with the possible limitation hereinafter to be mentioned.
Perhaps the consenting party might withdraw his consent if he had given it without any valuable consideration, and if the other party had done nothing under it so that its position would not be unfavorably affected by such withdrawal. This is not such a case, because the company have proceeded to build their road and they would be unfavorably affected by just the amount they must pay if the consent be regarded as withdrawn.
The case here shows that the consent in question was not signed by all the owners of the land. The land was owned by these persons as tenants in common, and they were also partners in business. The evidence shows that the name of the firm was signed to the consent by Mr. Brush, and the stipulation of counsel was that in case of the failure to produce certain exhibits used on the trial, upon the argument at General Term or in this court, such failure, together with the other evidence in the case, should be taken to establish the genuineness of the signature of the firm upon the consent in question. The exhibits were not produced, and the defendants' counsel claims not only that the genuineness of the signature of the firm to the paper is thus admitted, but he also claims that the proper construction of the stipulation is that the partner who signed the firm name was authorized by the other members thereof so to do. I do not think so. The defendants were endeavoring to prove that the signature of the firm name to the paper was placed there by Mr. Brush, one of the partners, and witnesses were called who knew his handwriting and had seen him write the signature of the firm to other papers, to show by them that in their opinion he had written the signature in question. The exhibits in question were the books of different banks where the firm kept their accounts, in which the firm name had been written by each of the partners, and also their individual names, as aids to enable the bank officers thereafter to identify the firm signature when signed by the different members. All that the stipulation effected was to concede (in the absence of these exhibits) that the firm signature was genuine, that is, was placed there by one of the members of the firm (Mr. Brush), as defendants were endeavoring to prove. I can see no reason for giving a greater weight to the absence of these exhibits than could possibly be given to them and the other evidence by their presence. If present, all that could have been inferred therefrom was that the defendants upon the whole evidence had proved that Mr. Brush, one of the partners, had signed the firm name. We do not think that the defendants have proved that it was signed by the authority of the rest of the firm. It was not a firm matter in regard to which each partner would in his action represent himself and the rest of the firm, but actual authority would have to be shown or inferred from acts and circumstances in proof. In the absence of evidence of authority, or of circumstances from which an inference of authority might fairly be drawn, we think the owners of the land other than the one who signed it and his grantees with knowledge, or implied knowledge, would be wholly unaffected by the execution of this paper. We leave this question open for proof upon another trial as to authority.
It is also claimed that the actual occupation of this square by the defendants for their railroad is much greater and more exclusive than any fair construction of the consent would permit. It is said to be unreasonable and excessive under cover of such a license to in fact completely cover the whole street and to render the latter much less valuable for purposes of light, etc., than could reasonably have been in the contemplation of the parties. Possibly this may be true. We do not now pass upon that question. The courts below, however, have denied all validity to the written consent and have not confined themselves to a refusal to give effect to it beyond a reasonable extent. We think the consent should have a reasonable construction and we ought not to hold that such a paper would authorize the building of a solid structure as high as the top of the buildings fronting on the street and completely covering the same from building to building. This would certainly be regarded by all as not within the contemplation of the parties to the paper. We will not now and in advance decide whether the use actually made of the street is or is not unreasonable with reference to this consent. Further evidence may be given upon another trial on this point, from which the question may be more readily determined.
We think the courts below, in refusing all possible effect to the consent in question as an abandonment to any extent of the owners' easement in the street, committed an error which requires a reversal of the judgment and a new trial.
All concur, except MAYNARD, J not voting. | <urn:uuid:7abf31fe-dd9a-4396-850d-cb508509fa68> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://casetext.com/case/white-v-mr-co-et-al | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571190.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810131127-20220810161127-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.98158 | 4,445 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Hour 10Processing Loops
The utility of computer programs is derived from their capability to perform repetitive tasks accurately and quickly. To do so, a programmer codes a processing loop. A processing loop is simply something in your program that happens over and over. The word loop comes from what it looks like in a flowchart. The flow of your program keeps looping repeatedly until some specified condition is reached. In this hour, you learn the basic steps you need to create processing loops in COBOL. The following topics are discussed:
• Program flow in the
• The use of
Go To in structured programming design
Figure 10.1 shows a simple processing loop. You can follow ... | <urn:uuid:5bf1e14e-4cb9-4975-a2db-7ba67a133015> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/sams-teach-yourself/9780768685510/chapter10.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.921362 | 166 | 4 | 4 |
Posted on 11 Jun 2010
Democratic efforts to swiftly steer a financial-overhaul bill into law stumbled as House and Senate leaders clashed over how best to regulate the $600 trillion derivatives market.
The question, while highly technical, is a central component of the bill and would have wide-ranging consequences for U.S. businesses that use the complex financial instruments to protect themselves from fluctuations in currencies, interest rates and commodity prices.
The dispute came during opening statements at a meeting of roughly 40 House and Senate lawmakers aimed at reconciling differences between new financial rules that passed the House in December and the Senate last month. Lawmakers are using the Senate-passed bill as the base, which treats derivatives far differently from the House version.
The House bill could make it less costly than the Senate version for businesses to hedge risks. The Senate bill, with the support of the White House, would make it harder for such end users of derivatives to avoid being hit by new rules.
House Agriculture Committee Chairman Collin Peterson (D., Minn.) said lawmakers should adopt the House bill, while Senate Agriculture Committee Chairman Blanche Lincoln (D., Ark.) and other Senate Democrats said the Senate measure should be the main plank of the bill.
"End users ... did not cause the financial crisis of 2008," Mr. Peterson said. "A lot of them were the victims of it." He said the Senate language was too complex and confusing.
It wasn't clear how the division would be addressed. Democrats cannot afford to lose votes because of disagreement on substantive issues, given that few Republicans are expected to vote for the measure.
Many business groups worry the bill will drive up companies' costs for managing risks. The National Association of Manufacturers sent a letter to lawmakers on the conference panel Thursday warning that new regulations on derivatives "could be costly and could hinder job creation for manufacturing and other non-financial companies that had nothing to do with the financial crisis."
The bill to overhaul the nation's rules on finance would touch almost every corner of financial markets. It would give the Federal Reserve new powers over large financial companies; create a new consumer-protection division within the central bank to police products such as mortgages and credit cards; toughen scrutiny over derivatives; and give the government new powers to seize and break up failing financial firms.
Democrats are trying to move the bill toward passage quickly, and it could be signed into law in the next few weeks. Senior Republicans acknowledged they probably didn't have the votes to stop the bill.
"We understand the numbers," Sen. Richard Shelby (R., Ala.) said in an interview. "I don't believe that [Republicans] will have much input into the process here."
The latest working draft of the bill is more expansive than the one passed by the Senate. Democrats added multiple restrictions on mortgage lending, swelling the package from nearly 1,500 pages to 1,974 pages.
The new mortgage rules would likely be implemented by the consumer agency. They're based on a bill the House passed in May 2009 with a 300-114 vote, which the Senate didn't take up.
The provisions would require that lenders ensure borrowers can repay mortgages before offering a loan, restrict prepayment penalties and add restrictions to refinanced loans.
They would also ban lenders from steering borrowers toward more expensive loans, and would include new limits on fees brokers could collect for connecting borrowers with loans.
Mr. Shelby called the new mortgage restrictions a "liberal activists' dream come true."
Another, technical change added quietly to the latest draft appears to offer a special concession to Caterpillar Inc.
The provision concerns a financial institution known as an industrial loan company, the only type of bank charter that commercial and retail firms can own. Companies often use them to offer financing for customers. Administration officials worry they form a sphere of banking that falls outside regulators' purview and could be an unseen source of financial instability.
The original Senate bill nixed any ILCs applied for after Nov. 10, 2009. The latest version changes that deadline to Nov. 23, 2009. During that period, Caterpillar applied to obtain deposit insurance for a finance company. The application is still pending. If lawmakers didn't extend the moratorium, Caterpillar's application would likely be voided.
It's unclear which lawmaker pushed for the adjustment, and Caterpillar officials didn't return immediate requests for comment. Caterpillar is a major industrial and equipment manufacturing company based in Peoria, Ill.
At the opening meeting of the conference, Democrats and Republicans sparred repeatedly, suggesting little bipartisan agreement was likely.
Democrats pressed for urgency in passing a final bill, saying scars from the financial crisis couldn't heal until changes were made to regulation. Rep. Barney Frank (D., Mass.), for his part, promised to show "impatience" during the process.
Democrats appeared to be hardening their anti-Wall Street bent and showed little sign of compromise.
Rep. Paul Kanjorski (D., Pa.) and Sen. Tom Harkin (D., Iowa) said the bill should move closer to the Glass-Steagall Act of the 1930s that walled off commercial banks from investment banks.
Republicans said Democrats were rushing the process and alleged the bill could kill jobs, constrict access to credit and make the U.S. less competitive globally. Several Republicans said a flaw in the bill was that it didn't address the government-run mortgage-finance companies Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
Mr. Shelby accused Democrats and the White House of holding "a number of private meetings" and said the bill was being "negotiated and compiled behind closed doors." | <urn:uuid:6c0d5c76-5dbe-4a31-8dd0-5a753cb01994> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.programbusiness.com/news/Dems-Clash-Over-Financial-Overhaul-Bill | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00543-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966901 | 1,151 | 1.984375 | 2 |
EMT training and EMT paramedic training, licensing, and certification in the state of Michigan are governed by the Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH).
The state of Michigan has four levels of training certification for EMS:
- EMR- Emergency Medical Responder
- EMT- Emergency Medical Technician (formerly EMT – Basic)
- EMT-Specialist/AEMT (Advanced Emergency Medical Technician (as to EMT-Intermediate/85)
To become a certified in Michigan for these levels an individual:
- must be at least 18 years of age
- must pass a criminal background check
- must possess current CPR certification
- must have a high school diploma, GED or equivalent
- must pass a drug screening
- possess current immunization records
- must have a valid MI driver’s license
- must pass a physical
- must enroll in EMT-basic training and pass EMT certification (for paramedic licensure)
- must possess sponsorship and/or letters of support (for paramedic licensure)
Michigan Training, Licensing, and Certification Requirements
Both EMTs and paramedics must complete a Michigan EMT training program that is MI state accredited in order to be certified. The state of Michigan requires the individual who has completed courses to pass the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians (NREMT) exam and recognizes the exam certification if taken in other states. However, once certified in Michigan, it is not necessary to retain the National Registry certification for license renewal or re-licensure. Other requirements are in place for those processes.
Credits required for the four levels are:
MFR: 15 total credits
EMT (Basic): 30 total credits
EMT Specialist: 36 total credits
Paramedic: 45 total credit
Those holding the previous EMT-Basic or EMT-I/85 and who wish to gain certification for the new EMT-Specialist level may apply to downgrade a current license to either an MFR/ EMT or upgrade to the new EMT-Specialist (AEMT) by completing the Michigan Bridge Course.
If you have completed a Michigan EMS Course within the past two years, you can obtain a Course Completion Packet online (for all levels) to begin your licensing process. In addition, a Michigan Licensing application packet can be requested for more instructions on how to apply for EMS certification.
Continuing Education/Certification and License Renewal
Michigan EMS licenses are valid for three years and licensing renewal require an individual to accrue continuing education credits (approved by Michigan), or complete and pass a Michigan approved refresher course equivalent to your level of licensure. Part of the renewal process requires holding a current CPR certificate. As of January 1, 2014, the MDCH EMS Section only recognizes the American Heart Association Healthcare Provider or the American Red Cross Professional Rescuer certifications. Proof of either certification is good for one continuing education credit in the Medical Category.
Once your license is coming up for renewal, you will receive a renewal application via post mail approximately 90 days before the expiration date. If you want to extend your license’s active status because it is due to expire, you must do this online. It is recommended that you do this immediately. Once you are within 60 days past the expiration date, you may still renew online, but you will be charged a license renewal fee and a late fee. If your license’s expiration date is more than 60 days ago, you must then apply for re-licensure.
NOTE: As of December 2014, new continuing education will be required in the form of courses additional prep (courses) for Pediatric emergencies and Operations; Emergency Preparations.
Reciprocity and Recognition of Licenses & Certifications from Other States
Michigan does accept EMS reciprocity, not all states do. If you have passed the NREMT exam and/or are certified from another state, then your state education must meet Michigan requirements (see Michigan Verification of Out-of-State Licensure Form (EMS-250) in order to become certified or licensed as an EMT in Michigan. However, if you are not eligible, you can still be deemed eligible once you take and pass a Michigan approved EMS education course.
Individuals licensed in more than one state will need to provide verification for all those states of which you ever held a license.
This reciprocity re-licensing process takes 4 to 6 weeks. Reciprocity applications can be obtained online at the Michigan Department of Community Health website.
If you hold a Michigan EMS license and need to verify the license to another state entity, you can do this by requesting a document referred to as a “letter of good standing.” This needs to be done by a written request and the process takes approximately takes 15-20 business days from the time your request is received by the MDCH EMS Section. The Department will verify and mail or fax the information to the state and department whose information you provide.
Additional requirements for pursuing EMT training and EMT paramedic training exist. Read the articles EMT Training and EMT Paramedic Training for additional information, details, and a list of these requirements.
Most Michigan Course training programs are through local community colleges and technical schools. North Central Michigan College and Wayne County Community College District are just two of colleges in Michigan offering EMT and paramedic certification courses. | <urn:uuid:358a455f-3a9e-44de-96d3-be35a16aa562> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://paramedic-schools.info/emt-and-paramedic-training-in-michigan/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00322-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932083 | 1,119 | 1.859375 | 2 |
|James Edward "Jim" Corbett|
|Born||full name James Edward (or Edward James) Corbett
25 July 1875
Nainital, United Provinces, British India (now India)
|Died||19 April 1955
|Occupation||hunter, naturalist, writer|
James Edward "Jim" 'Corbett CIE VD (25 July 1875 – 19 April 1955) was a British-Indian hunter and tracker-turned-conservationist, author and naturalist, famous for hunting a large number of man-eating tigers and leopards in India.
Corbett held the rank of colonel in the British Indian Army and was frequently called upon by the government of the United Provinces, now the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand, to kill man-eating tigers and leopards that were preying on people in the nearby villages of the Garhwal and Kumaon regions.
He authored Man-Eaters of Kumaon, Jungle Lore, and other books recounting his hunts and experiences, which enjoyed critical acclaim and commercial success. Later on in life, Corbett became an avid photographer and spoke out for the need to protect India's wildlife from extermination and played a key role in creating a national reserve for the endangered Bengal tiger by using his influence to persuade the provincial government to establish what was called Hailey National Park. In 1957 the park was renamed Jim Corbett National Park in his honour.
Corbett was born of Irish ancestry in the town of Nainital in the Kumaon of the Himalaya (now in the Indian state of Uttarakhand). He grew up in a large family of 16 children and was the eighth child of Christopher William and Mary Jane Corbett (née Prussia was married to Dr Charles James Doyle of Agra who died at Etawah in 1857). His parents had moved to Nainital in 1862, after Christopher Corbett had quit military service and been appointed the town's postmaster. In winters, the family used to move to the foothills, where they owned a cottage named 'Arundel' in Chhoti Haldwani or "Corbett's Village", now known as Kaladhungi. Mary Jane was very influential in Nainital social life among Europeans and she became a kind of real estate agent for European settlers. Christopher William retired from the position of postmaster in 1878. He died a few weeks after a heart attack on 21 April 1881. Jim was 6 and his eldest brother Tom took over as postmaster of Nainital. From a very young age, Jim was fascinated by the forests and wildlife around his home in Kaladhungi. At a young age, through frequent excursions, he learned to identify most animals and birds by their calls. Over time he became a good tracker and hunter. He studied at Oak Openings School, later merged with Philander Smith College in Nainital (later known as Halett War School, and now known as Birla Vidya Mandir, Nainital). Before he was 19, he quit school and found employment with the Bengal and North Western Railway, initially working as a fuel inspector at Manakpur in the Punjab, and subsequently as a contractor for the trans-shipment of goods across the Ganges at Mokameh Ghat in Bihar.
Hunting man-eating tigers and leopards
||It has been suggested that Tigers of Chowgarh be merged into this section. (Discuss) Proposed since March 2016.|
During his life Corbett tracked and shot a number of leopards and tigers, though only about a dozen were actually well documented man-eaters. Corbett provided estimates of human casualties in his books, including Man-Eaters of Kumaon, The Man-Eating Leopard of Rudraprayag, and The Temple Tiger, and More Man-Eaters of Kumaon. Calculating the totals from these accounts, these big cats had killed more than 1,200 men, women and children, according to Corbett. There are some discrepancies in the official human death tolls that the British and Indian governments have on record and Corbett's estimates.
The first designated man-eating tiger he killed, the Champawat Tiger in Champawat, was responsible for 436 documented deaths. Though most of his kills were tigers, Corbett successfully killed at least two man-eating leopards. The first was the Panar Leopard in 1910, which allegedly killed 400 people. The second was the man-eating Leopard of Rudraprayag in 1926, which terrorized the pilgrims on the holy Hindu shrines Kedarnath and Badrinath for more than eight years, claiming responsibility for more than 126 deaths.
Analysis of carcasses, skulls and preserved remains show that most of the man-eaters were suffering from disease or wounds, such as porcupine quills embedded deep in the skin or gunshot wounds that had not healed, like that of the Muktesar Man-Eater. The Thak man-eating tigress, when skinned by Corbett, revealed two old gunshot wounds; one in her shoulder had become septic, and could have been the reason for the tigress's having turned man-eater, Corbett suggested. In the foreword of Man Eaters of Kumaon, Corbett writes:
The wound that has caused a particular tiger to take to man-eating might be the result of a carelessly fired shot and failure to follow up and recover the wounded animal, or be the result of the tiger having lost his temper while killing a porcupine
Corbett preferred to hunt alone and on foot when pursuing dangerous game. He often hunted with Robin, a small dog he wrote about in Man-Eaters of Kumaon.
Hunter turned conservationist
Corbett bought his first camera in the late 1920s and, inspired by his friend Frederick Walter Champion, started to record tigers on cine film. Although he had an intimate knowledge of the jungle, it was a demanding task to obtain good pictures, as the animals were exceedingly shy.
It is widely believed that Corbett did not kill a tiger without confirmation of its killing people. However, Corbett killed the unusually large and most widely sought after Bachelor of Powalgarh even though this tiger had never killed a human.
Corbett took to lecturing groups of schoolchildren about their natural heritage and the need to conserve forests and their wildlife. He promoted the foundation of the Association for the Preservation of Game in the United Provinces and the All-India Conference for the Preservation of Wildlife. Together with Champion he played a key role in establishing India's first national park in the Kumaon Hills, the Hailey National Park, initially named after Lord Malcolm Hailey. The park was renamed in Corbett's honour in 1957.
Corbett deeply empathized with the poor living in and around the Corbett village or Kaladhoongi in the United Province (now Uttrakhand). As a railway contractor he employed scores of Indians at Mokameh Ghat. While dedicating his book My India to "...my friends, the poor of India", he writes "It is of these people, who are admittedly poor, and who are often described as 'India's starving millions', among whom I have lived and whom I love, that I shall endeavor to tell in the pages of this book, which I humbly dedicate to my friends, the poor of India."
Retiring in Kenya
Jim Corbett resided in the Gurney House along with his sister Maggie Corbett. They sold the house to Mrs. Kalavati Varma, before leaving for Kenya in November 1947. The house has been transformed into a museum and is known as the Jim Corbett Museum.
After 1947, Corbett and his sister Maggie retired to Nyeri, Kenya, where he continued to write and sound the alarm about declining numbers of wild cats and other wildlife. Corbett was at the Tree Tops, a hut built on the branches of a giant ficus tree, when Princess Elizabeth stayed there on 5–6 February 1952, at the time of the death of her father, King George VI. Corbett wrote in the hotel's visitors' register:
For the first time in the history of the world, a young girl climbed into a tree one day a Princess, and after having what she described as her most thrilling experience, she climbed down from the tree the next day a Queen—God bless her.
Corbett died of a heart attack a few days after he finished his sixth book, Tree Tops, and was buried at St. Peter's Anglican Church in Nyeri. His memories were kept intact in the form of the meeting place Moti House, which Corbett had built for his friend Moti Singh, and the Corbett Wall, a long wall (approximately 4.5 miles (7.2 km)) built around the village to protect crops from wild animals.
Man-eaters of Kumaon was a great success in India, the United Kingdom and the United States, the first edition of the American Book-of-the-Month Club being 250,000 copies. It was later translated into 27 languages. Corbett's fourth book, Jungle Lore, is considered his autobiography.
In 1968, one of the five remaining subspecies of tigers was named after him: Panthera tigris corbetti, the Indochinese tiger, also called Corbett's tiger.
In 1994 and 2002, the long-neglected graves of Corbett and his sister (both in Kenya) were repaired and restored by Jerry A. Jaleel, founder and director of the Jim Corbett Foundation.
In 1948, in the wake of Man-Eaters of Kumaon's success, a Hollywood film, Man-Eater of Kumaon, was made, directed by Byron Haskin and starring Sabu, Wendell Corey and Joe Page. The film did not follow any of Corbett's stories; a new story was invented. The film was a flop, although some interesting footage of the tiger was filmed. Corbett is known to have said that "the best actor was the tiger".
In 1986, the BBC produced a docudrama titled Man-Eaters of India with Frederick Treves in the role of Jim Corbett. An IMAX movie India: Kingdom of the Tiger, based on Corbett's books, was made in 2002 starring Christopher Heyerdahl as Corbett. A TV movie based on The Man-Eating Leopard of Rudraprayag starring Jason Flemyng was made in 2005.
- Jungle Stories. Privately published in 1935 (only 100 copies)
- Contents: Wild Life in the Village: An Appeal, The Pipal Pani Tiger, The Fish of My Dreams, A Lost Paradise, The Terror that Walks by Night, Purna Girl and Its Mysterious Lights, The Chowgarh Tigers
- Man-Eaters of Kumaon. Oxford University Press, Bombay 1944
- Contents: Author's note (causes of man-eating), The Champawat Maneater, Robin, Chowgarh Tigers, The Bachelor of Powalgarh, The Mohan Maneater, Fish of my dreams, The Kanda Maneater, The Pipal Pani tiger, The Thak Man-eater, Just Tigers
- The Man-eating Leopard of Rudraprayag. Oxford University Press, 1947
- Contents: The Pilgrim Road, The Man-Eater, Terror, Arrival, Investigation, The First Kill, Locating the Leopard, The Second Kill, Preparations, Magic, A Near Escape, The Gin Trap, The Hunters Hunted, Retreat, Fishing Interlude, Death of a Goat, Cyanide Poisoning, Touch and Go, A Lesson in Caution, A Wild Boar Hunt, Vigil on a Pine Tree, My Night of Terror, Leopard Fights Leopard, A Shot in the Dark, Epilogue
- My India. Oxford University Press, 1952
- Contents: Dedication & Introduction, The Queen of the Village, Kunwar Singh, Mothi, Pre Red Tape Days, The Law of the Jungle, The Brothers, Sultana: India's Robin Hood, Loyalty, Budhu, Lalajee, Chamari, Life at Mokameh Ghat
- Jungle Lore. Oxford University Press, 1953
- Contents: Introduction by Martin Booth, Dansay, Learning to Shoot, Magog, Looking Back, Jungle Encounters, Categories, Jungle Lore, Calls of the Jungle, School Days / Cadets, Forest Fire & Beats, Game Tracks, Jungle Sensitiveness
- The Temple Tiger and More Man-eaters of Kumaon. Oxford University Press, 1954
- Contents: The Temple Tiger, The Muktesar Man-Eater, The Panar Man-Eater, The Chuka Man-Eater, The Talla Des Man-Eater, Epilogue
- Tree Tops. Oxford University Press, 1955 (short 30-page novella)
- Jim Corbett's India - Selections by R. E. Hawkins. Oxford University Press, 1978
- Contents: Introduction, Kunwar Singh, Schooldays, Loyalty, Life at Mokameh Ghat, Mothi, The Law of the Jungles, The Muktesar Man-eater, The Panar Leopard, Goongi (previously unpublished), The Pipal Pani Tiger, The Pilgrim Road, Terror, Vigil on a Pine Tree, The Chowgarh Tigers, The Bachelor of Powalgarh, The Fish of My Dreams, Robin, Wild Life in the Village-An Appeal (previously unpublished), The Mohan Man-Eater, Just Tigers, On Man-Eating, Looking Back
- My Kumaon: Uncollected Writings. Oxford University Press, 2012
- Contents: Publisher's Note; Timeline; Preface: 'How I Came To Write'; A Life Well Lived: An Introduction To Jim Corbett By Lord Hailey; Section One: The Unpublished Corbett—The Night Jar's Egg; 'One Of Us'; From My Jungle Camp; The Rudraprayag Letters; Corbett On The Man-Eating Leopard Of Rudraprayag; The Making Of Corbett's My India: Correspondence With His Editors; 'Shooting' Tigers: Corbett And The Camera; Wildlife In The Village: An Environmental Appeal; An Englishman In India; Life In Kenya; Section Two: Corbett And His Audience-'The Artlessness Of His Art'; The Man Revealed: Corbett In His Writings; The Universal Appeal Of Jim Corbett: Letters And Reviews; Deliverance For Rudraprayag: Reactions To The Slaying Of The Man-Eating Leopard By Corbett; Corbett's Influence: Man-Eaters Of Kumaon And The Chindwara Court Case; Epigraph
- Kala, D. C. (1979) Jim Corbett of Kumaon. Ankur Publishing House, New Delhi
- Tiger and leopard attacks in Nepal BBC News (11July 2012)
- Rangarajan, M. (2006) India's Wildlife History: An Introduction. Permanent Black and Ranthambore Foundation, Delhi. ISBN 81-7824-140-4.
- Thapar, V. (2001) Savings Wild Tigers: the essential writings. Permanent Black, Delhi.
- Corbett, J. (1944) Man-Eaters of Kumaon. Oxford University Press.
- Beolens, B.; Watkins, M.; Grayson, M. (2009). The Eponym Dictionary of Mammals. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 86. ISBN 978-0-8018-9304-9.
- Jaleel, J.A. (2009) The Jim Corbett Foundation, Canada
- Martin Booth, Carpet Sahib; A Life of Jim Corbett (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991), 230.
- The London Gazette: . 30 December 1927.
- The London Gazette: . 4 June 1946.
- Durga Charan Kala (1979). Jim Corbett of Kumaon. Ravi Dayal Publishers.
- Martin Booth (1986). Carpet Sahib: A Life of Jim Corbett. Constable. ISBN 978-0-09-467400-4.
- Miriam Davidson (1988). Convictions of the Heart: Jim Corbett and the Sanctuary Movement. University of Arizona Press. ISBN 978-0-8165-1034-4.
- Tim Werling (1 December 1998). Jim Corbett: Master of the Jungle. Safari Press, Incorporated. ISBN 978-1-57157-104-5.
- Jerry A. Jaleel (1 January 2001). Under the Shadow of Man-eaters: The Life and Legend of Jim Corbett of Kumaon. Orient Longman. ISBN 978-81-250-2020-2.
- Anand S. Khati (1 January 2003). Jim Corbett of India: Life & Legend of a Messiah. Pelican Creations International. ISBN 978-81-86738-10-8.
- A. J. T. Johnsingh (2004). On Jim Corbett's Trail and Other Tales from Tree-tops. Orient Blackswan. ISBN 978-81-7824-081-7.
- Reeta Dutta Gupta (1 April 2006). Jim Corbett : The Hunter Conservationist. Rupa & Company. ISBN 978-81-291-0893-7.
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jim Corbett.| | <urn:uuid:d212fd8c-96ab-43af-8246-46b26e516f6f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Corbett_(hunter) | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00452-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93594 | 3,694 | 2.875 | 3 |
Discussion of everything related to the Theory of Evolution.
5 posts • Page 1 of 1
I have very little formal education in biology and, in truth, limited interest in the subject, but occasionally a particular aspect of it grabs my attention. In this instance that aspect is fireflies.
As I understand it, the characteristics developed, through mutation and evolution, by any species are those that give it a competitive advantage in the struggle for existence. On various trips to Italy I have seen fireflies flashing away in the evening, this being, apparently, an aid to mating and reproduction. The more I think about this characteristic, the odder it seems. I don't know if the flashing behaviour arose as one enormous change or by a series of minor steps. In either case, to become effective as a mating ploy, it would have required a simultaneous development of recognition and attraction to the flashing behaviour. It seems inconceivable to me that the the development of flashing and the devlopment of attraction to it should have arisen simultaneously, with no advantage on either side until both processes were complete. Can anyone explain this to me, please?
It could have come about by the stranger effect. This is seen in fruitflies and basically is the odd fly (due to a mutation) is the most attractive to the other sex. Any behavior that increased fitness would be selected for, regardless of much else.
Also think about bright red male cardinals - they stand out to predators, so it is extremely bad to be bright red. However, the brightest red males attract the most females, so it doesn't matter if they live shorter lives if they leave more babies behind!
I grew up in Illinois and we used to have tons of fireflies at night. Now, with all of the pesticides being used, there are none. Nor are there many nighthawks or whip-or-wills. It's very disappointing....
Anyway, it is common for people to look at the end product and wonder how it got that way without thinking about all the intermediate steps needed to get there. I'm not an entomologist but I suspect that this began as simply the males flashing a brightly-colored part of their body (abdomen?). There are advantages for insects to be active at night, since there are fewer predators, so an individual that could show his bright abdomen at night (or dusk) would be able to attract mates for a longer period and may have avoided daylight predators. Then, as with many of these kinds of traits, an arms race developed - the brightest lights attracted the most females.
And, with any successful trait, there may be others that take advantage of them. There are actually predatory fireflies that imitate the flash pattern of other fireflies - attracting them to their death. Evolution is fascinating!
"Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution."
"Most people who hate the idea of evolution do so because if it was working properly, they'd be dead."
This is an old post, But it caught me for a few and I found this
5 posts • Page 1 of 1
Who is online
Users browsing this forum: No registered users and 0 guests | <urn:uuid:1bf52e9b-857c-434d-948c-6f9adcbaebe2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.biology-online.org/biology-forum/post-152200.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00284-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966053 | 649 | 3.125 | 3 |
Staffing levels, Strike, Central government
Members of the STAL municipal services union took strike action on 1 August in protest at the failure of the Braval waste company to increase pay in the face of soaring inflation. The publicly-owned company provides waste services across a range of municipalities in northern Portugal. The union says that there has been no pay increase for two years and it is calling for a minimum increase of €90 for all workers. It also wants the company to abide by the collective agreement particularly in relation to career progression and wage development.
The KOZ trade union confederation reports that collective agreements for state and public service workers have been negotiated for the period 1.1.2023-31.8.2024. Basic salary scales will increase by 7% from 1 January 2023 and by a further 10% from 1 September 2023. Amendments to higher-level collective agreements for 2022 provide civil and public servants with a one-off payment of €500 in August. Pay increases for health workers are still being negotiated. The latest collective agreements also include a range of social benefits, not least a reduction of working time for public employees
Workers at the ZUS social insurance institution are getting a large pay rise thanks to months of campaigning and negotiating by their union ZPP ZUS. Most workers will get at least PLN 600 (€125) but on average increases will be around PLN 900 (€190). The minimum salary is now PLN 3100 (€650). Some workers will benefit from discretionary increases with a maximum increase for most workers of PLN 1200 (€250) while IT workers could get up to PLN 1500 (€315). EPSU wrote to the prime minister underlining the massive amount of additional work ZUS employees had to undertake in relation to the pandemic
After 11 weeks of strike action and more than 25 days of negotiations, health union ver.di and the six university hospitals in North Rhine Westphalia have agreed on the key points for a collective agreement that addresses excessive workloads and understaffing. The agreement will run from the beginning of 2023 and sets out the ratio of employees to patients required on each shift. If this ratio isn’t met or if other stressful situations occur, those affected receive stress points and then an additional day off for every seven points accumulated. In the first full year of implementation up to 11
Drivers, refuse workers and street cleaners continue to take action around the country to secure pay rises as inflation eats further into purchasing power. The Unite, GMB and Unison trade unions are all involved in a dispute with Serco the private contractor used by Sandwell council near Birmingham. Workers have voted for strike action on 28 and 29 July and then on 4, 5 and 8 August. They have rejected an 8% pay offer and argue that the company can afford a higher increase having seen profits soar by 25%. Refuse workers employed by Newham council in east London are being balloted for strike
Members of the Fp-Cgil, Cisl-Fp and Uil-Pa public service federations have been mobilising across the Ministry of Culture in protests over staff shortages and other issues, including application of the new collective agreement, remote work regulations and health and safety. The unions want to see an extraordinary recruitment plan implemented and warn of national strike action in September if the Ministry doesn’t respond. Meanwhile, members of the three federations in the Ministry of Defence are also mobilising over staff shortages and the impact of privatisation along with concerns about
On Friday, 17 June, the EU social partners for central governments – TUNED led by EPSU for the trade union side and European Public and EUPAE for the employers - reached a landmark agreement on digitalisation.
Protests organised by the CITUB and Podkrepa confederations have produced positive outcomes in the state budget with additional funds for a range of public services include provisions for pay increases in several areas. Municipal administrations will get BGN 30.3m (€15.5m) for salary increases while pay in regional administrations is set to rise by 10% on average. Workers covered by interior ministry responsibilities could see pay rises of up to 20% while employees in agencies dealing with social assistance, employment and labour inspection will see personnel costs increase by BGN 26m (€13m)
The ver.di services union and IG BCE industry union have negotiated a new 21-month agreement with the Uniper energy company. There is a 3% pay increase for all workers and trainees from 1 July this year, followed by a 4% increase on 1 April 2023. There is also a change to the pay structure so that trainees taken on as employees are not placed on a lower starting rate. In contrast, negotiations in the GASAG gas company are much more challenging with ver.di calling a warning strike for 27 June after six bargaining rounds that have failed to bring the two sides closer together. The union’s
The public services trade unions from the three main confederations (CSC/ACV, ACOD/CGSP, VSOA/SLFP) have negotiated an agreement that will provide for pay increases and a range of other benefits for the 65,000 workers in the federal government. The agreement still has to be confirmed by the government before being implemented from the beginning of 2023. This will mean the first pay rise for civil servants, over and above the normal indexation, for 20 years. The lower pay scales (D and C) will get a 2% increase in 2023 while the B category will get 2% in 2024. The A category will see pay rise
The FOA and DSR trade unions have both published official data revealing the reality of overwork, understaffing and low pay in the health and social care sectors. FOA quotes from the latest survey by the Danish Working Environment Authority covering 30,000 workers. This shows that 23% of social and health care assistants say that they have often or constantly felt stressed within the past two weeks. Of all the industry groups, 'Residential Institutions and Home Care' is the sector where the largest proportion of employees feel stressed. The union says that understaffing, a high rate of sick
A first wave of strike action across the care and community sector has involved hundreds of workers joining picket lines and protests calling for pay rises that they have been denied for 14 years. The SIPTU union, along with public services union Fórsa and the INMO nursing union, are calling on the government to agree increased funding for the sector to cover pay increases. The unions argue that the pay rises are needed to keep workers in line with the public sector, aid recruitment to tackle staff shortages and so address the threat to the quantity and quality of services provided. The three
Trade unions, including the FNV and NU’91, and employers in the care sector have made a joint approach to government to boost funding for the sector by €2.5 billion to address problems of low pay and understaffing. Problems of staff shortages are being felt right across the sector from care for the disabled, care for the elderly to mental health care and to University Medical Centres and hospitals. It is estimated that the current shortfall of 49,000 workers will rise to 117,000 in 2030. There are also major problems with staff turnover and high absenteeism. The ageing of the population will | <urn:uuid:de0b119b-66eb-4030-9b9c-84f8e0d0881c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.epsu.org/fr/search?destination=/fr/article/journee-de-commemoration-des-travailleurs-la-sante-et-la-securite-votre-droit%23comment-form&f%5B0%5D=policies%3A163&f%5B1%5D=policies%3A353&f%5B2%5D=policies%3A358 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571234.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811042804-20220811072804-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.958693 | 1,519 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Walking tipsBefore you get started, let's run through some easy-to-follow walking tips. By following these key steps, you'll reduce your risk of injury, ensure that your body works at its peak.
- Stand up straight. Look directly ahead. Imagine that a string is attached to the top of your head and is lifting you from the ground. Keep your shoulders back and relaxed, chest lifted, and tailbone pointing down to the ground.
- Relieve the stress points. Relax your shoulders and shake out any tension from your arms and wrists. Bend your arms at the elbow about 83 degrees. Wiggle your fingers and then hold your hands in loose balls (pretend you're clasping a jumbo-size magic marker against your palms). Swing your arms naturally as you walk, but try not to let your hands extend above your chest.
- Keep your steps short and fast. The faster you move, the better your cardiovascular workout. Keep an even stride and maintain a steady pace.
- Heel-to-toe motion. As you walk, your heel should be the first part of your foot to hit the ground. Roll through the ball of the foot and push off with your toes. This motion reduces the risk of shin splints and tendon pulls.
StretchingStretching keeps your body flexible and it feels great. Stretching before and after your walk relaxes your body, increases your flexibility and allows your muscles to lengthen as they cool down, which reduces the possibility of injury. As your heartbeat returns to its pre-workout rate, you will feel refreshed and energized rather than tight and tired.
To get the full benefits of stretching, remember to hold each stretch for at least 30 seconds. If it's cold out, stretch indoors, away from drafty areas. Breathe deeply while doing your stretches and ease into them. Never force or jerk any movements.
One stretch that's great for your hamstrings (the muscles at the back of your thighs) and your lower back is a forward bend. To do this stretch: Stand with your feet hip-width apart toes pointed straight ahead. Slightly relax your knees and slowly bend forward at your hips. You should be looking down at your feet with your arms dangling on both sides. Just relax there for a couple of breaths and focus on relaxing and lengthening your lower back. You should feel a deep stretch in the back of your thighs, too! To come out of the stretch, bend your knees a little more (as if you were getting ready to sit in a chair) and slowly roll up, one vertebra at a time. This stretch also relieves tension in your shoulders and neck.
Here are more stretches that develop flexibility in the long muscles in the arms and legs:
- Quadriceps Stretch: Stand facing a fence, hold on with one hand for balance. Bend your right knee and grasp around the ankle. Bring your heel toward the buttock and point your tailbone down toward the floor. Hold the knees close together feeling the stretch in the front of your right thigh. Repeat on the other leg.
- Calf Stretch: Facing a fence, place both hands on it. Position the ball of your right foot against the bottom of the fence with the heel on the ground. Place your left leg behind you. Press some of your body weight over your right foot until you feel your right calf stretching. Repeat on the other leg.
- Shoulder and Chest Stretch: Stand with your feet hip-width apart, abs pulled in. With both hands, hold a towel behind your body. Hands should be as close as possible to each other. Gently raise your arms up until you feel the stretch across your chest and in the front of your shoulders.
Target heart rateYou're walking nearly every day and you feel great. But are you getting the maximum cardiovascular benefits from your walking program? In newbie speak that's the difference between aerobic walking and an afternoon stroll.
To get the greatest advantages from your walking program, it's important to hit your target heart rate (THR). Your THR is the training point when your body benefits from aerobic exercise. Ideally you want to walk at your THR for a minimum of 20 minutes.
A handy walking tool that records your THR is a heart rate monitor. It tracks your cardiovascular progress and ensures that you're not overshooting or underworking during your walking routine.
Fitness assignment: This week log in 20 minutes of aerobic walking on four days. For maximum benefits, borrow a heart rate monitor and work at your THR!
Get the right gearUnlike other sports, the only essential equipment you need to get started on a walking program are a comfortable pair of athletic walking shoes and well-cushioned socks.
Some things to keep in mind when shopping for gear:
- When you walk, your heel is the point of first contact with the track or pavement, so you want to have one-quarter-inch to one-half-inch of cushioning under your shoe's heel. The cushioning protects your heels and absorbs any shock to the Achilles tendons.
- Make sure your shoe's sole is firm and flexible. You want to have a flexible and wide toe box (the front part of the shoe) that won't hinder your toe push-off. You'll also need a firm mid-sole to support your arches.
- Go for a practice lap around the store. Ask yourself: Is there enough room for you to wiggle your toes? Do the shoes rub against your heels? Are the shoes comfortable even when wearing a well-cushioned pair of socks?
- Don't buy shoes that need to be "broken in." Your walking shoes should fit comfortably when you leave the store. Your feet will thank you.
- Go "alternative" fibers. Cotton socks soak up moisture and perspiration, which can create rubbing and result in blisters. Look for mixed-fiber socks or sock liners, which draw moisture away from your skin.
Steer clear of walking pitfallsWalking is now part of your weekly fitness routine and you're wondering why you didn't start years ago. To stay safe and maintain your program, keep the following things in mind:
- Drink Up! Your muscles work more effectively when they're well saturated. Have a tall glass of water, room temperature is ideal, before you head out and another glass when you return home. If it's a warm day you might want to carry a small container just in case you need a thirst quencher.
- Drop the Weights. Handheld weights or ankle weights throw-off your natural gait, which can cause muscle strain or injury. If you want to develop your upper body or specific leg muscles, check out Karen Voight's total body toning program for suggestions. But when you hit the pavement -- lighten up.
- Music, Yes?/Music, No? Listening to music can be a great way to pass the time and keep a steady pace when you walk. But depending on where and when you walk, headphones can be a dangerous accessory. If you're walking at night, on an unfamiliar path, near traffic, or bicycle paths -- you want to have all of your senses alert and engaged. So stay safe, leave the headphones at home.
- Don't Ignore the Pain. If you feel pain in your legs, back, or anywhere else when you walk -- stop! You may relieve minor aches if you doublecheck your form, increase your warm-up, or add supports to your walking shoes. For chronic problems, you should probably check in with a doctor.
Foot injuriesThe bad news is that if your feet hurt, you're not going to enjoy your walk. The good news is that some common foot problems are fairly easy to treat and easier still to avoid. Here's how not to get sidelined:
- To prevent blisters, stop them before they start. Keep your feet dry. Steer clear of cotton socks, which soak up perspiration, and wear socks made with fibers that draw moisture away from your skin. Or slip on a sock liner under your cotton socks. Rub petroleum jelly on your feet and between your toes before gearing up. This will reduce irritation that can lead to blisters. And finally, don't lace your shoes too tightly or too loosely. The pinching and rubbing may create blister-forming irritation.
- Aching arches are usually caused by pounding when you walk. The first thing you need to do is check your form. Are you leading with your heel and pushing off with your toe? If the problem persists, arch supports might help; if that doesn't work, consult your podiatrist or sports doctor.
- Corns and calluses are painful, and they don't look so great either. Check your shoes to make sure you've got a comfortable fit. And toss thin socks: You want to have a nice cushion between your feet and the inside of your shoes.
- Blackened toenails are common and painful, and are caused when your big toe hits the front of your shoe. Keep your toenails neatly trimmed and filed. Check your shoe size. Most people have one foot that's larger than the other. Always buy your walking shoes for the larger foot.
- Stand up straight, with your shoulders back, stomach pulled in, bottom tucked under, and feet hip-width apart. Place your hands on your waist. Slightly bend your knees. Shift your weight back onto your heels and lift your toes off the ground. Arch the front of your feet. Spread your toes as wide as you can. Hold the stretch for the count of five and don't forget to breathe. This will feel terrific before you head out and later when you return home.
- Find a comfortable chair and practice picking up magic markers with your toes. Give your toes a nice press, grip the marker, lift your foot five to six inches off the ground, then set it down. Do this stretch six times, alternating your feet.
- Fitness assignment: Maintain your five day, 30-minute program. Treat yourself to some soothing lotion, peppermint is great! Massage your feet, using firm, circular motions, after your walks.
Walking rewardsThis walking program will help you stay fit, reduce stress, and improve your all-around health. What’s more, it’s fun and easy to do. Good for you!
To stay motivated, why not:
- Visit the message boards. You'll find walking buddies to share goals, challenges, and successes. Don't forget to post your favorite walks and why you love walking!
- Find a local walking club. Group walks are fun ways to meet other active people, and mix up your standard routine.
- Prepare for a 5K or 10K walk this year. What better way to focus your efforts than to have a goal in sight?
- Add weight training to your fitness program. Toned muscles work more efficiently, reduce your chance of injury, and burn calories faster!
- To keep your body healthy, don't forget to stretch.
The Walker's Calorie CounterTo find out how many calories you burn walking:
- Find your weight on the left
- Find the speed you walk on the right
|Weight (in lbs.)||Miles per hour| | <urn:uuid:02322600-9cc2-477c-81b0-88988d5b5bee> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.editorsweb.org/fitness/walking.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00022-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.89315 | 2,335 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Author's note: I wrote this when i was in fourth grade not my best piece but it is something i believe is real
The BeginningThe language of trees has been around forever though sadly now only a few trees speak it. Sarah and the rest of the trees with the language have worked hard over the years to mentor students and become their blood trees so they too can speak the language. Everything speaks their own language but the old language of the trees was the very first one and one that every creature deep inside has a knowledge that just has to be awaken. What is sad though that other trees can’t wake other trees. The trees without the language can be taught how to speak it to other trees but never to anything else. This is mainly due to a time long, long ago when there was the one tree whose name has long been forgotten, lead a revolution. He was a tall young oak full of ideas. He was great at talking and speaking he could get about anyone to do what he said. Soon trees started whispering he had not chosen a blood human or even mentored any. This was a shameful thing. One day he told the southern wind give the message to every tree let them come a join me.
The southern wind was still young much younger then the north wind took the message and gave it to as many tree as she could, telling them “look at those humans to they ever say thank you for teaching me? No, they pull our branches and kill us to warm themselves. They do not care about us they are a small minded race nothing matter to them but themselves. Join me and quit the connection to them let them learn how to thrive alone let them die and starve. Let them teach themselves. They are not worthy to speak our language.”
Many trees stopped talking to the humans and then decided not to pass down the language to the children. They did not want the humans ever to gain the secret of speak ever again so they cut the ties there. Than as quickly as the tall oak appeared he disappeared surrounded by trees that too stopped speaking to humans and the language all together.
He was right the humans did suffer and were angry that the trees no longer spoke to them. The humans did not want to do everything themselves they wanted to be taught how to do it step by step and for someone always to be there to help them if need be.
Some trees did not receive the message and continued to speak to the humans. These trees were shunned. The language only survived because a few of the trees taught their children in secret. Later all the trees regretted their decision and the young ones dream of the language they could never speak.
Now these trees that can’t speak the language are looked down upon by the others and pitied. Those trees could never become blood with a human which was a great deed and honor. The damage was done though and now only female trees can talk with human girls and male trees with human boys. Female trees can still talk to their apprentices trough male trees though, and much of the humans cannot speak it or lose the gift of speak as they grow older because they think it is a childish fantasy. | <urn:uuid:f36ce296-d833-430e-946e-4b2a00d61a62> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.teenink.com/books/other/book/53390/Tree-Talk/1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00461-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9898 | 644 | 1.875 | 2 |
Beginning to advanced examples of how to use After Effects in a variety of creative workflows.
- Adobe (2)
- After Effects
- Video (2)
Simple transformations using keyframes, effects, masks, track mattes, and more advanced concepts.
“lynda.com has enabled me to grow my skill set at an affordable price. I find the business profiles/documentaries inspiring and the training is top notch.” —Shawn C.
more from our members » | <urn:uuid:01f64028-238f-407f-8fbb-2c6990550c91> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.lynda.com/allcourses?lpk0=229&category=after-effects_150%2C5_1073 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720238.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00188-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.823785 | 103 | 1.585938 | 2 |
We have described the error code F3 refrigerator Liebherr, the causes of the malfunction, the recommendations of diagnostics and repair. For convenience, arranged in a convenient and understandable table below.
Also on our website oshibki-bytovoj-tehniki.com, you can find a lot of information on breakdowns of household appliances of many brands and types.
|Error code||Description||Causes and solution|
|F3||The air sensor in the freezer compartment is not working correctly.||The foreman from the service must inspect the sensors for defects, ring the contacts and replace the failed components.| | <urn:uuid:d5e75ddd-640d-4cca-a1f2-89a8afb5c8e5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://oshibki-bytovoj-tehniki.com/en/refrigerators-error-codes/liebherr/f3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.834405 | 133 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Trying something new
Research shows that learning new skills can also improve your mental wellbeing by:
- boosting self-confidence and raising self-esteem
- helping you to build a sense of purpose
- helping you to connect with others
Have you tried the Tapping Solution App?
'Tapping Meditations will help you release your anxiety so you can support your immune system, feel more at peace, and empowered to take any steps necessary to protect yourself'.
It is well known that being active is good for you, both physically and mentally - it increases endorphins, which improves your happiness levels, relieves stress, clears your head, increases self-esteem and reduces anxiety. So whether it's going for a walk, getting out on your bike or just doing some stretches at home for 5 minutes, lets get moving!
There are so many different creative hobbies to try and something for everyone. Have a look at the list below and give one a go!
- baking a cake or trying a new recipe
- writing a song or a poem
- learning a new instrument
- dancing to your favourite tunes
- nail art
- flower arranging
- web design
and many more! | <urn:uuid:739dd347-e096-4e8c-8aae-c530995dac36> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.winncop.ac.uk/wellbeing/trying-something-new | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.935616 | 276 | 2.421875 | 2 |
"The Vengeance" is a fictional female character from the novel, "A Tale of Two Cities," written by the famous British Writer, "Charles Dickens."
Like Miss Pross, The Vengeance shadows another important female character in the book, in this case: Madame Defarge. We are not given the exact age of The Vengeance, but from her description and behaviour, it is commonly agreed upon that she is perhaps a few years younger than Madame Defarge, perhaps between the ages of 35 to 45.
We are only given a tidbit of The Vengeance's personal life, but we know that she is a short, plump woman who has married a thin, tall grocer. This is ironic as her husband, who makes the food, doesn't eat any of it (This is why The Vengeance is fat and her husband is skinny). We also know that she, like many other women of the time, The Vengeance enjoys watching The Guillotine, while knitting. Aside from that, we know no other information.
The Vengeance is truly a Jacobin, and is almost always saying something that praises Madame Defarge right after she has made a particularly nasty comment. For example, after Madame Defarge promises to kill the entire family of Lucie Manette, The Vengeance ... | <urn:uuid:6718e45e-fa7c-4f12-a2a4-92fe0516011c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.chordie.com/song.php/songartist/Vengeance/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00503-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.978029 | 257 | 2.203125 | 2 |
ALBANY, N.Y. (NEWS10) — After over two years of planning by community members and county leaders to end a food desert in downtown Albany’s South End. The area will soon have a local grocery store, with a grand opening planned by this December.
Behind the painted outdoor murals, there’s lots of broken glass and hard workers trying to rebuild this former McDonald’s into a grocery store in time for their soft opening on this weekend during Juneteenth. There are still many interior and exterior renovations underway, but the doors will be open on Saturday so people can fill out job applications and membership forms. Some will even receive free bags of produce.
“This project is first and foremost about meeting basic needs at the lowest possible cost,” said Travon T. Jackson, Executive Director of the African American Cultural Center.
Shoppers can expect to see brand new countertops, colorful murals, and soon, shelves of fresh produce to be sold at the brand new, non-profit-owned South End Grocery Store on Pearl Street. Organizers intend to use a system that lets shoppers spend very little out of pocket. It all began with Jackson’s vision.
“The produce will be discounted at this point based on your zip code and your neighborhood,” said Travon. “We will have a very precise idea of just how much of a discount we’re providing. And just as much of a discount is necessary for this neighborhood to be eye-to-eye within equal and fair opportunities to provide food to their families.”
Travon says it takes hard work, and the right partners including county leaders, local food pantries, and other businesses and organizations including Albany Artisans, to help restore the vacant building. Travon says the feedback from the community has been nothing but supportive. “There are many, many, many, many if not all the people that I talk to commenting on this project and ready for it to be here. Ready for themselves and their families to see the progress that we have made so far.” | <urn:uuid:7c639bce-98ff-4b07-a7e6-d7b49fe7d21c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.news10.com/news/new-albany-grocery-store-to-hold-soft-opening-on-juneteenth/?ipid=promo-link-block3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570921.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809094531-20220809124531-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.965494 | 439 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Data from: Genome-wide gene-associated microsatellite markers for the model invasive ascidian, Ciona intestinalis species complex
Lin, Yaping; Chen, Yiyong; Xiong, Wei; Zhan, Aibin (2015), Data from: Genome-wide gene-associated microsatellite markers for the model invasive ascidian, Ciona intestinalis species complex, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.dm98k
The vase tunicate, Ciona intestinalis species complex, has become a good model for ecological and evolutionary studies, especially those focusing on microevolution associated with rapidly changing environments. However, genome-wide genetic markers are still lacking. Here we characterized a large set of genome-wide gene-associated microsatellite markers for C. intestinalis spA (= C. robusta). Bioinformatic analysis identified 4654 microsatellites from expressed sequence tags (ESTs), 2126 of which successfully assigned to chromosomes were selected for further analysis. Based on the distribution evenness on chromosomes, function annotation and suitability for primer design, we chose 545 candidate microsatellites for further characterization. After amplification validation and variation assessment, 218 loci were polymorphic in at least one of the two populations collected from the coast of Arenys de Mar, Spain (N = 24 - 48) and Cape Town, South Africa (N = 24 - 33). The number of alleles, observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity ranged from two to 11, 0 to 0.833 and 0.021 to 0.818, and from two to 10, 0 to 0.879 and 0.031 to 0.845 for the Spanish and African populations, respectively. When all microsatellites were tested for cross-species utility, only 60 loci (25.8%) could be successfully amplified and all loci were polymorphic in C. intestinalis spB. A high level of genome-wide polymorphism is likely responsible for the low transferability. The large set of microsatellite markers characterized here is expected to provide a useful genome-wide resource for ecological and evolutionary studies using C. intestinalis as a model. | <urn:uuid:0eee4e6a-06aa-48ad-b640-17a3a464a2b9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://datadryad.org:443/stash/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.dm98k | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.903481 | 467 | 1.625 | 2 |
As emissions and efficiency standards continue to increase, does the need for new technology. That is the reason engines don't carry over from model to model. An engine introduced in model year 2000 can not meet todays CARB or CAFE standards, let alone both. Not to mention as they age, the issues start to surface. Take the secondary air passage issues with the S62 as an example.
The easiest way to keep up with the horsepower war that the public demands while keeping the engines from growing in size, is forced induction. Engines can only make so much power while maintaining their longevity. | <urn:uuid:b880f8f1-5b35-41dd-a6e0-2e822ba6c813> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.m3post.com/forums/showpost.php?p=13348642&postcount=48 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719215.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00199-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960897 | 121 | 1.898438 | 2 |
2 Answers | Add Yours
There were a number of significant events in Germany as the Nazi Party rose to power.
The first was the Beer Hall Putsch in Munich. This attempted rebellion did not work, but it pushed the Nazis to prominence.
The second was the election of 1930. In this election, the Nazis gained enough seats in the Reichstag to become the second largest party in German politics.
This led eventually to the third, and most importatnt, event in the Nazis' rise to power. That event was the appointment of Adolf Hitler as chancellor of Germany. This happened in January of 1933.
Of course, behind all of this was the economic and social turmoil that was rocking Germany in the years after WWI. There are no single important events in that process, but the turmoil allowed the Nazi ideology to become popular and allowed the Nazis to rise to power.
The first significant event in the rise of National Socialism ("Nazi" was a pejorative term) was the failed Beer Hall Putsch in which Hitler and other National Socialists attempted to take over the government of Munich by coup, much as Mussolini had taken over the Italian government. Upon the failure of the Putsch, Hitler was sent to prison where he wrote his political testament, Mein Kampf. The National Socialists were aided by the Great Depression when German unemployment reached 43 per cent.
Other political ideologies at the time were the Communists and the Social Democrats.The Communists refused to cooperate with the Social Democrats even though the two parties together outnumbered the Nazis in the Reichstag. German Communists were blinded by the hatred of socialists and by the belief that Hitler’s fascist ideas represented the last throes of capitalism and a communist revolution would soon follow. Social Democratic leaders pleaded with the Communists for a temporary alliance to stop Hitler, at one point even posing their pleas at the Soviet Embassy, but there was no use. This lack of cooperation was exacerbated by a fire which destroyed the Reichstag. The fire was blamed on a young Communist radical who was subsequently guillotined. There was substantial thinking among historians for many years that the Nazi’s had started the fire to intensify the dispute with the Communists; however recent historical evidence indicates that the young man was indeed a Communist agent intent on bringing down the government by any possible means. Ironically, his actions played into the hands of Hitler.
Hitler was an expert in dirty backroom politics. He gained the support of people in the army and big business, who thought they use him to their own advantage. Conservative and nationalistic politicians also thought that they could use him. Thus, when Hitler demanded that he be named Chancellor as a condition of joining the government, they accepted his demand. On January 30, 1933, President Hindenburg named Hitler as Chancellor. The Reichstag fire, after a particularly raucous election, played easily into Hitler’s hands. He used the fire to persuade President Hindenburg to invoke the Emergency Powers provision of the Constitution, which allowed rule by decree. Emergency acts were passed which practically abolished freedom of speech and assembly as well as most personal liberties. When the Nazi’s won only 44 per cent of the Reichstag seats Hitler outlawed the communist party and had its representatives in the Reichstag arrested. On March 23, 1933, the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act which gave Hitler absolute dictatorial power for four years. Under the guise of legality, the Nazi’s slowly dismantled the opposition, and Germany was soon a one party state in which only the National Socialist Party was legal.
We’ve answered 319,197 questions. We can answer yours, too.Ask a question | <urn:uuid:4f4f86ed-6b01-4fc7-9b3c-efcb5209d4f5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-were-significant-events-that-took-place-263497 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00200-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.983344 | 751 | 3.53125 | 4 |
Mountaintop removal coal mining, often described as "strip mining on steroids," is an extremely destructive form of mining that is devastating Appalachia.
In the past few decades, over 2,000 miles of streams and headwaters that provide drinking water for millions of Americans have been permanently buried and destroyed. An area the size of Delaware has been flattened. Local coal field communities routinely face devastating floods and adverse health effects. Natural habitats in some our country's oldest forests are laid to waste.
Earthjustice has been in the courts and in Congress on behalf of other local and national environmental and community groups to stop this destructive practice and protect Appalachia for future generations.
How It's Done
Coal companies first raze an entire mountainside, ripping trees from the ground and clearing brush with huge tractors. This debris is then set ablaze as deep holes are dug for explosives.
An explosive is poured into these holes and mountaintops are literally blown apart. Huge machines called draglines—some the size of an entire city block, able to scoop up to 100 tons in a single load—push rock and dirt into nearby streams and valleys, forever burying waterways.
Coal companies use explosives to blast as much as 800 to 1,000 feet off the tops of mountains in order to reach thin coal seams buried deep below.
What We're Doing in the Courts
Earthjustice, Appalachian Mountain Advocates and Public Justice, on behalf of Coal River Mountain Watch, Ohio Valley Environmental Coalition, West Virginia Highlands Conservancy, Sierra Club, Kentuckians For The Commonwealth, Southern Appalachian Mountain Stewards, and Statewide Organizing for Community eMpowerment, are working in federal courts to bring the protections of the Clean Water Act to the people, communities and waters of Appalachia.
What We're Doing on the Hill
We have been advocating in Congress for stronger protections for Appalachian people, communities and waterways since 1999. With the support of many clean water champions in Congress, we have also defeated numerous attempts to weaken clean water protections and exempt coal mining companies from the 40-year-old Clean Water Act. And finally, we are working to educate our nation's lawmakers on the serious public health threats of this extremely destructive mining practice. | <urn:uuid:3dbd1a73-0738-42bf-9d82-f330a913dfea> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://earthjustice.org/features/campaigns/what-is-mountaintop-removal-mining | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00127-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951528 | 452 | 3.25 | 3 |
New York Senator Charles Schumer was in Plattsburgh Thursday afternoon, calling for the renewal of a tax credit for businesses that hire veterans.
New York’s senior Senator stopped by Bombardier Transportation in Plattsburgh, a manufacturer of rail cars, to tour the plant and discuss the importance of extending the “Returning Heroes and Wounded Warriors Tax Credit”. Originally enacted in November 2011, the incentive for businesses to hire veterans expires at the end of the year. The tax credit provides businesses up to 96-hundred dollars for hiring a veteran, depending on how long the person has been unemployed, or if they have a service-related disability. Schumer says Congressional gridlock is stalling the tax credit’s renewal and said the Senate will be voting on a package of expiring tax breaks. Schumer said it is imperative that the tax credit be included.
Congressman Bill Owens is a sponsor of the original legislation in the House. He was with Senator Schumer and said he would work in that chamber to renew the tax credit to hire veterans.
Senator Schumer, Congressman Owens and regional officials toured the Bombardier rail car manufacturing plant and spoke with some of the veterans working there.
The plant in Plattsburgh employees 411 people, 50 are veterans. Plant officials would like the credit renewed to be able to hire more veterans. | <urn:uuid:6d6d25cb-2539-415e-94f6-ba1d04b8a0ec> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://wamc.org/post/new-york-s-senior-senator-calls-renewal-tax-credit-helps-employ-veterans-0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00074-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95517 | 274 | 1.625 | 2 |
style=”text-align: justify;”>Law and Health care
The assessments must be received and be considered satisfactory for students to pass the course. The assignments are to be written in ink, or typed with double line spacing, Ariel font size 12, on A4 paper. All sheets should be stapled together with the cover sheet attached.
The area to be investigated must be identified in the introductory paragraph. The case presented must be patient oriented.
In this course, you will use the APA referencing system.
You will lose marks if there is an absence of:
? consistent APA style referencing both in-text and in the end reference list (these should match up)
? consistent APA style referencing/citation used in-text
? accuracy with all sources of information acknowledged
? comprehensive reference list at end of report.
Marking and submission
In marking your assignment, key criteria as appropriate will be assessed, therefore read your assignment requirement and marking criteria carefully.
Please note: Penalties will be given for poor presentation (style, punctuation, spelling mistakes and grammar); poor referencing; and lateness.
When submitting your assignment, please ensure that you:
? clearly label your assignment with your name and student number in the header on each page
? attach the marking criteria to the assignment
? must provide reference and access to relevant case law if this is not available in the text book ? marks will be deducted if this is not provided.
Section 1 of the study book comprises planned learning activities designed to test your mastery of the course objectives. You are also expected in some cases to provide photocopies of clinical documents or organisational policies. If these are not provided you could be jeopardising a substantial amount of your marks. To complete this assignment you need to read section 1 of your study book and the directed ?textbook? and ?selected reading? where directed before completing the relevant activity. ?Additional readings? are also provided for your interest in some instances. The study book is made up of nine modules and each module has its own weighting, marks and word allocation. When responding to the Activities you need to consider the maximum word count indicated. Each activity?s response should be clearly numbered and submitted on A4 paper. DO NOT RETURN THE STUDY BOOK. SUBMIT CLEARLY NUMBERED ACTIVITY RESPONSES ONLY. Ensure you identify in each activity any relevant appendix.
When answering EACH activity you will need to use APA referencing appropriately, which includes IN TEXT referencing that corresponds to the references found in the reference list provided at the end of the assessment. Referencing will not be counted into the total word count in this assignment only.
Where ideas from a text, reference or article are used, the source must be cited. Similarly, where comments from personal interviews are used, acknowledgement must be made.
To maximise your marks in this assignment ensure that each of your responses includes:
? A demonstrated understanding (U) of any recommended readings associated with the activity.
? Mindful and critical application (A) in completing all of the steps in the activity.
? Correct APA referencing (R) technique within the text of the response and reference list.
Overview of the requirements of section 1 of study book activities
Notice to Medical Facility
A currently enrolled student may be seeking access to de-identified patient documentation solely for the purposes of completing an educational activity and assessment in – The Law and Health Care Practice, which requires the student undertake an audit of patient documentation. The de-identification of the documents will not compromise the integrity of the assignment.
I confirm that this Medical Facility has released de-identified patient documentation to you for the sole purpose of completing an educational activity and assessment in – The Law and Health Care Practice.
Confirmation by Student that PATIENT DOCUMENTATION is de-identified
understand that it is essential and I am personally responsible for ensuring that all information relating to any individual that not only identifies but could possibly identify the person have been de-identified prior to submission of these documents for this assessment. I understand that the method of de-identifying the individual?s personal information must ensure that all identifiers have been permanently removed and are not able to be re-identified or reinstated. This should include double blacking or blacking back and front. It is recommended that the documents be accessed through the Manager of the Medical Records Department of the relevant Medical Facility who may be able to assist you with de-identifying the documentation.
Personal information requiring de-identification includes but is not limited to dates, (dates of admission, discharge, birth, death), full face photos and comparable images and attendant allied health professional, nursing staff, medical staff and facilities.
I understand and am aware that accessing, using, disclosing and failing to de-identify the documentation may make me personally liable for a breach of my and the relevant Medical Facility obligations to comply with the requirements of the Information Privacy Act 2009 (Qld) or any relevant Privacy Laws and Policies applying to the Medical Facility.
I understand, confirm and declare that the patient documentation I am submitting for this assessment has been obtained by myself:
1. solely for the purposes of completing an audit for an assessment
2. with the consent of the relevant Medical Facility to the release of the documentation;
3. in accordance with the provisions of the Information Privacy Act 2009 (Qld) and any relevant Privacy Laws and Policies applying to the Medical Facility, and
4. is completely de-identified according to the hospital?s policy of de-identification.
The critical test of this assignment is based on your selection and treatment of a case scenario in order to demonstrate your mastery of the learning objectives identified in module 6
Requirements for this assignment
Select a scenario (case study) from your practice (Mental Health or Aged Care) which will allow for the exploration of legal and ethical issues and application of risk management. The case scenario may be actual or potential and must arise from the context of your practice as a nurse or midwife.
You have the choice of selecting for critical application to your nursing or midwifery practice, civil, administrative, and/or criminal law.
Assignment 2: Case study: nursing or midwifery practice Max. mark Mark obtained
1. Appropriate selection of case scenario; adequate description in context. (Situated as an appendix.) 10
2. Clarity in description; accuracy in identification and detail of legal risks, ethical risks, clinical risks; adequate differentiation of each; evidence of connection of legal, ethical, and clinical reasoning.
(400 words) 15
3. Adequate identification and analysis of branch of law and specifics (principles or elements) of legal breaches and/or offences from the case scenario; appropriate use of case law and judgements.
(750 words) 30
4. Adequate ethical analysis of the major ethical issue within the case scenario; appropriate use of ethical discourse appropriately.
(550 words) 15
5. Uses a system approach to outline risk management strategies for identified risks; appropriate treatment of risks identified.
(550 words) 20
6. Evidence of evaluation undertaken; or evaluation proposed; identification of methods for evaluating effectiveness of risk management strategies.
(~250 words) 10
7. Correct use of APA Referencing System ? up to 10%
8. Penalty for poor presentation (style, punctuation, spelling mistakes, grammar) ? up to 5% | <urn:uuid:54ac5987-0524-406f-b927-e0497e4f412d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://graduatenursingpapers.com/law-and-health-care/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.902663 | 1,565 | 2.046875 | 2 |
Anidin di- and trimers), Figure S5 (stilbenes), Figure S6 (hydroxycinnamic acids), Figure S7 (hydroxycinnamic acids), Figures S8 11 (flavonols).2.1.1. Polar Compounds The most abundant AAs had been L-glutamine (18.20 of AAs content) followed by Lproline (15.84 of AAs), L-aspartic acid (12.92 of AAs), DL-ornithine (9.78 of AAs). Six of all fifteen identified AAs had been crucial (Val, Leu, Ile, Thr, Phe and Lys). Among them phenylalanine was identified to become in highest concentration (10.25 0.75 /mL), followed by isoleucine (8.48 0.49 /mL) and leucine (8.06 0.56 /mL) (Table 1). All vital AA comprise 30 of all GNF6702 Data Sheet detected AA content in SE extract. Amongst the identified polar OAs, pyroglutamic acid (30.39 of OAs content) and isocitric acid (16.37 of OAs) are identified to be in highest concentrations (Table 1). Sorbitol and its 6-phosphate are pre-dominant (92.58 3.24 /mL, 34.47 of alcohols) alcohols within the SE FAE, followed by glycerol and its IEM-1460 Biological Activity 3-phosphate (60.84 three.35 /mL, 22.65 of alcohols) and arabinitol (34.65 two.43 /mL, 12.90 of alcohols). Glucuronic and galacturonic acid isomers and glyceric acid were among the prevailing sugar acids (Table 1). Dominating saccharides were galactose and its 6-phosphate form (57.30 /mL), followed by glucose and its 6-phosphate form (52.13 /mL) and sorbose (49.46 /mL). Sucrose (45.36 /mL) was the prevailing disaccharide inside the extract. In total, the amount of saccharides was 411.11 /mL (Table 1). Among the tested fatty acids and fatty esters, we discovered the highest concentration for octadecadienoic acid (15.65 1.41 /mL, 18.41 of fatty acids) and for beta-sitosterol (15.22 1.37 /mL, 40.43 of esters and sterols) (Table 1).Plants 2021, ten,7 of2.1.two. Polyphenolic Content S. ebulus L. fruits are a rich source of polyphenolics in particular anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins and phenolic acids (Table 2). Cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (382.15 /mL, 74.43 of anthocyanins) was at highest concentration among anthocyanins and epicatechin was the key proanthocyanidin (322.37 /mL). Amongst proanthocyanidin polymers dominate epicatechin dimers (688.42 /mL) and trimers (915.79 /mL) comprising 11.79 and 15.68 , respectively, of all detected polyphenolics in our samples. All together anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins were 1966.76 /mL representing 33.67 of all analyzed polyphenols. Trans-Resveratrol-3-O-glucoside (51.93 /mL) was the only detected stilbene. Dominating hydroxycinnamic acids discovered in S. ebulus fruits are neochlorogenic and chlorogenic acid, followed by 3-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid and feruloylquinic acid. In total, the amount of hydroxycinnamic acids in the tested SE extract was 3005.02 /mL (300.5 mg/g DW) and represented 51.45 of all detected polyphenols. Hyperoside was a single the significant flavonol detected in our samples. 2.two. Investigation of Inflammation Connected Biomarkers inside a Model of LPS-Stimulated J774A.1 Macrophages Aiming to study the anti-inflammatory action on the aqueous extract of dwarf elderberry beneath circumstances of LPS-stimulated inflammatory response in J774A.1 mouse macrophages, the transcriptional levels of genes coding for proteins mediating and involved inside the inflammatory procedure at the same time as the translation levels of iNOS had been analyzed. Macrophage cells were pre-treated with increasing concentrations of 2.5 , 5 and ten v/v (0.25 mg DW/mL, 0.5 mg DW/mL, 1 mg DW/mL respectively) SE FAE or salicylic acid (SA) for 24 h followed by LPS stimulation for an added 24 h, and incorporated respective. | <urn:uuid:48817c9c-8f12-4c44-95cf-a9f908adbc76> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lckinhibitor.com/2022/07/25/16640/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.885667 | 1,079 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Boro & sashiko patchwork
What is boro & sashiko? Boro & sashiko are a combination of traditional Japanese styles of patchworking. Boro (ぼろ) refers to different pieces of textile that have been stitched or re-woven together to create new items of clothing. The term comes from the Japanese word “boroboro”, meaning something tattered or ripped. Sashiko (刺し子), literally meaning “little stabs”, is a type of traditional Japanese embroidery or stitching used as both a functional and decorative way to reinforce clothing.
Although these techniques may be centuries old, they are making a comeback with the current uprise in vintage, second-hand and upcycled fashion. Modern-day boro & sashiko items are comprised of bright, colourful patches and contrasting stitching to create new, fashionable clothing.
This step-by-step plan is heavily inspired by the combination of these two Japanese patchwork techniques. Though the term refers to sewing textile together, why not try something like this with old drawings? By using old drawings in a patchwork technique, all the different parts become one new artwork. To add the sashiko, or stitching part of boro & sashiko, and to make your work more cohesive, you can “embroider” your patchwork of drawings using Gelly Roll or other pens. This is an incredibly fun and relaxing thing to do, so let’s get into it!
Find some old drawings you aren’t scared of cutting up. Cut your drawings into geometric shapes of different sizes, these will be the patches of your patchwork!
Glue your first piece to the centre of the larger piece of paper. Work around this first piece like you are creating a blooming flower. If you still want to be able to move around the pieces while you work, don’t glue them down just yet.
Try to alternate colours and shapes to create an interesting pattern that isn’t too predictable. Let the pieces fit together like a mis-matched puzzle.
Once you’re happy with your newly created mosaic, glue everything down to the paper. Now grab your Gelly Rolls and other pens in different colours and start stitching your work together by drawing short lines all over your collage.
Let your imagination run wild! Traditionally, stitches should go from top to bottom or left to right, but since we’re creating a work of art here, there are no rules!
This completes your upcycled artwork! We hope this tutorial inspires you to use those drawings you don’t think are worth looking at and create something new. If you do, don’t forget to share your results using #RoyalTalens! We would love to see what you create. | <urn:uuid:6d849eba-6db2-4b17-86d3-821a14f8cc7c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.royaltalens.com/en/inspiration/step-by-step-plans/drawing--coloring/boro--sashiko-patchwork/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.918613 | 605 | 2.40625 | 2 |
Health industry helps with the following areas: finding a job, earning CPD points, and managing your business. It's all possible with health industry.
Health industry helps with the management of your medical business. Provides consulting services for the medical industry.
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Some tips when posting a review: When writing a review, see if you can be as balanced as possible. What did you like, what didn't you like? Here are some things to think about - How was the customer service? How was the product or service quality? How was the price/value? Please also check and adhere to the editorial guidelines when posting a review. | <urn:uuid:24bb43ea-7db5-4664-af2d-b131fbaf26d0> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.startlocal.com.au/education/jobsearch/qld_brisbane/Health_Industry_3348836.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719286.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00497-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966417 | 203 | 1.523438 | 2 |
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The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, considered to be the most complex and comprehensive environmental law ever considered by any Congress, not only set more specific pollution limits than the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977, but included a series of rapid-fire dates by which states and regulated industries were required to implement pollution control measures in order to comply with these pollution limits. To meet these deadlines, the Department had to move rapidly on drafting and enacting new regulatory language. Some of the new Pennsylvania regulations were even finalized before the final Federal guidelines were published. Circumstances such as these have resulted in some regulations which were either not drafted in concise, clear language, or are too general in nature, which in turn have resulted in uncertainty, misinterpretation, and confusion. The Bureau of Air Quality therefore, in response to the August 4, 1995 "Regulatory Basics Initiative" memorandum from Secretary Seif, has reviewed Title 25, chapters 121 through 141, to determine which regulations lack clarity.
Section 121.1 includes definitions of terms
applicable to 25 PA Code Article III (Air Resources). Although
these definitions are meant to clarify the key terms used throughout
the regulations, some do not meet that objective and should be
amended. These definitions are addressed as applicable within
the discussions of each chapter.
Section 123.1 states that no person may permit the emission of a fugitive air contaminant from any source other than those specified in Subsections 123.1(a)(1)-(8). This regulation requires zero emissions. Subsection 123.1(a)(9) allows the Department to exempt other sources and classes of sources, on a case-by-case basis, from this zero emission requirement, following a determination that fugitive emissions from the source, after appropriate control, are of minor significance with respect to causing air pollution and do not prevent or interfere with the attainment or maintenance of an ambient air quality standard. The concepts of "appropriate controls" and "minor significance" are neither defined nor spelled out in the regulation. This leads to inconsistent interpretations between and within the Regions when the field staff attempt to apply this rule.
Section 123.31(b) prohibits the emission into the outdoor atmosphere of malodorous air contaminants in a manner such that the malodors are detectable outside the property of the person on whose land the source is being operated. Enforcement of this regulation is difficult because the definition of "malodor" in Section 121.1 is unclear and subjective. Department staff typically seek compliance by requiring the source owner to either install controls (Best Available Technology - "BAT") if appropriate, or to amend a process or an exhaust system to abate odors.
This chapter includes the requirements for permitting of air contamination sources which range from general plan approvals and operating permits through Prevention of Significant Deterioration of air quality (PSD), Emission Reduction Credits (ERCs), New Source Review (NSR), and Title V operating permits. Several inconsistencies and ambiguities exist throughout the breadth of this set of regulations, which are causing difficulties in interpreting and applying these rules. Although Chapter 127 is cumbersome, some readily apparent examples of such inconsistencies and ambiguities follow.
"Best available technology" is defined in Section 121.1 as "Equipment, devices, methods or techniques as determined by the Department which will prevent, reduce or control emissions of air contaminants to the maximum degree possible and which are available or may be made available." This term is used at Section 127.1 which requires new air contamination sources to "control the emission of air pollutants to the maximum extent, consistent with the best available technology as determined by the Department as of the date of issuance of the plan approval for the new source." This requirement has been in existence since July 1972. Since its promulgation, the Department has provided best available technology guidance for only a handful of the infinite number of different types of air contamination sources. This results in a vast majority of situations where best available technology determinations are made on a case-by-case basis. This, in turn, has led to inconsistencies from Region to Region and case to case.
Subsections 127.11(a) (Plan approval requirements for reactivation of sources) and 127.215 (Reactivation under Subchapter E. New Source Review) are inconsistent with each other. Subsection 127.11(a) requires a reactivation plan to be submitted at least 60 days before reactivation, while Subsection 127.215 requires a reactivation plan to be submitted 30 days before reactivation. Subsection 127.215 requires the Department to act on the reactivation plan within 30 days, while Subsection 127.11(a) does not contain any such requirement. Also, if one takes the strict interpretation of Subsection 127.215, this requirement allows a deactivated source to be reactivated only during the term of its permit. Once the permit expires, the deactivated source cannot be reactivated under the provisions of Subsection 127.215.
Section 127.14 addresses types of air contamination sources which are exempt from the plan approval and operating permit requirements, including in Subsection 127.14(a)(9): "Physical changes to sources when the Department has determined the physical changes to be of minor significance." A source, however, must submit a "Request for Determination for the Need of Plan Approval" before a determination can be made whether a plan approval is needed or not. These determinations are made on a case by case basis which has resulted in inconsistencies between Regions.
Subsection 127.202(a) states the special permit requirements in this subchapter apply to a facility submitting a complete plan approval application to the Department after January 15, 1994. New sources which are being constructed now or are in the planning stages of construction must meet a set of very stringent requirements if NSR is applicable to such installations. Meeting these requirements is not easy even for a new source. A strict interpretation of this Subsection requires that sources illegally constructed prior to January 15, 1994 which submit plan approvals after January 15, 1994, be subjected to the same standards (in this case NSR) as new sources constructed since January 15, 1994 or still in the planning stages. Is this the intent of this regulation?
Clarification is needed on the interpretation in several subsections, including 127.203(b) and (c), 127.204, and 127.211, of the language "increase in the potential to emit". Increase over what? Previous potential to emit? Previous actual emissions? 1990 baseline? Major source threshold? Major source limits?
Sections 127.206-209 pertain to the general requirements, generation, use, and registration of Emission Reduction Credits (ERCs). These regulations are extremely unclear on the differences between emission reductions for netting purposes, ERCs for internal credits, and ERCs for external credits. Explicit regulatory language or policy guidance for the field staff is needed to understand and implement the many nuances of ERCs. For example, Subsection 127.208(5) allows interstate ERC trades only upon approval by PA and the other state through SIP approved rules and procedures including an EPA SIP revision. Does this mean that each and every interstate ERC trade must be approved by a SIP revision? In addition, the process of registering emission reduction credits, particularly from nonmajor sources, needs to be clarified by making the procedures less burdensome and time- consuming.
Section 121.1 does not include definitions of the terms "actual emissions" and "allowable emissions". EPA's New Source Review regulations require State Implementation Plans to include numerous definitions, including definitions of "actual emissions" and "allowable emissions". These terms are used in Subchapter E, New Source Review, at Section 127.207, which defines how ERCs are generated and created. With no definitions of these terms provided in Section 121.1, confusion results on what these terms mean, especially when attempting to apply the definitions cited at 40 CFR 51.165(a)(1)(xi) and 40 CFR 51.165(a)(1)(xii).
"Major modification" and "modification" as defined in Section 121.1 are inconsistent. The definition of "major modification" excludes: "...routine repairs, maintenance and a change in the hours of operation or an increase in the rate of production unless prohibited by a permit condition.", but does not specifically exclude a replacement. In contrast, the Section 121.1 definition of "modification" excludes replacement but does not exclude: "...a change in the hours of operation/increase in the rate of production unless prohibited by a permit condition." This inconsistency leads to misinterpretation about what constitutes a modification and what does not.
Another issue which needs to be addressed in the definition of "modification" is the Department's policy whereby if the cost of the changes or modifications being proposed for an existing air contamination source or process equals or exceeds 50% of the cost of a new unit, a modification will occur.
A third area under this category deals with the utilities' request for an exemption from the definition of "major modification" of a "pollution control project" at an electric utility. Providing for such an exemption would exclude these projects from the New Source Review requirements. Presently, this exemption does not exist in the definition of major modification at Section 121.1 nor does Section 121.1 define a "pollution control project". Although this issue does not pose a problem of clarity, it could result in a ticklish situation. For example, a utility may undertake a "pollution control project" in order to minimize the emissions of NOx. In so doing, the project results in an increase of VOC emissions which triggers the applicability of the New Source Review regulations. The amount of NOx reductions dwarfs the VOC increase but with the definition of "major modification" as presently written, this project becomes subject to NSR.
Section 127.449 is unclear as to the type of emission that is referred to for de minimis increases. Does the de minimis emission increase refer to actual, allowable, or potential emissions?
If a Title V source names its acid rain designated representative as the "responsible official", the Department's definition of "responsible official" allows the designated representative of an acid rain affected source to serve as the responsible official for other purposes under the regulatory requirements for the Title V program. However, a designated representative is not allowed to serve as the responsible official for the Department's state only plan approval and operating permit program.
Different programs within the Department address or impact open burning operations. The requirements differ between the programs, which creates confusion about whether open burning is allowed or not.
The Air Quality regulations at 25 PA Code Section 129.14 prohibit open burning in Air Basins (129.14(a)). Open burning is allowed in areas outside of the Air Basins provided that the smoke and odors from the burning are not detectable outside of the property on which the burning is occurring (129.14(b)). Enforcement of the property line provision is extremely difficult in rural areas. A list of exceptions to the property line limitation contained in Subsection 129.14(b) are provided at Subsection 129.14(c). All of the exceptions have been used at one time or another by the regulated community to escape prosecution under Subsection 129.14(b). These exceptions add to the confusion as to what can be burned and where. Subsections 129.14(c)(4) pertaining to fires set in conjunction with the production of agricultural commodities; - (5) fires set for the purpose of burning domestic refuse; and - (6) fires set for recreational and ceremonial purposes are the exceptions most often misinterpreted, resulting in numerous fires about which the Air Quality Program receives complaints. Upon investigation, it is found that the person doing the burning is burning items which should not be burned but because the situation may fall under an exception, the field inspector exercises enforcement discretion and dismisses the event. Staff time, in turn, is wasted, the burning continues, and public dissatisfaction continues.
Conversely, the Solid Waste Management Act (Act 97) prohibits the burning of waste without a permit from the Department (35 P.S. Section 6018.610(3)). The Department does not issue permits for open burning operations; open burning therefore is banned under the Solid Waste Management Act.
The Bureau of Mining and Reclamation's regulation at 25 PA Code Section 211.61(cc) impacts open burning issues also. This regulation requires that the wood, paper, and fiber materials used to wrap explosives shall be burned in an isolated area after the blast has been fired. This situation is not addressed in the Air Resources regulations, thereby creating confusion.
Subsection 129.52(a) applies to all surface coating processes, regardless of the size of the facility, which emit or have emitted VOCs into the outdoor atmosphere in quantities greater than 3 pounds per hour, 15 pounds per day or 2.7 tons per year during any calendar year since January 1, 1987. With such a low applicability trigger, the regulations have been extended to a number of operators which, as a group, emit a very small percentage of the total overall VOC emissions, which in turn has little impact on the environment relative to ozone. Also, if an operator triggers the applicability level any time after January 1, 1987, he must continue to use compliant coatings even if subsequent emissions drop under these thresholds. Is it necessary to concern ourselves with such small sources?
NB In the document pertaining to regulations with significant noncompliance, the statement is made that "Our permitting guidelines generally exempt VOC sources below 10 tons per year". This is somewhat misleading. If the new source of VOCs is one which: a) is not covered by Table I of Section 129.52, b) is part of a facility whose total VOC emissions are less than 25 tons per year, and c) has emissions of less than 10 tons per year, then the new source is exempt from the plan approval requirements. If the new VOC source is one which is covered by Table I of Section 129.52, then the plan approval requirements apply if the new source's VOC emissions are greater than 3 pounds per hour, 15 pounds per day, or 2.7 tons per year.
Subsection 129.52(b)(1) creates confusion about what constitutes compliance. To evaluate compliance, a coating user must compare the weight of VOCs per gallon of coating (minus water) of the coating being used to the applicable limit contained in Table I of Subsection 129.52(b)(1), after adjustment to a standard solvent density of 7.36 pounds per gallon and to a solids basis. Program staff do not fully understand the application of these requirements, let alone the coating user. How does one account for water? What use does one make of the standard solvent density of 7.36 pounds per gallon? The solvent density adjustment and solids basis requirements have complicated the procedure for determining compliance. Furthermore, Section 129.52 makes no mention of exempt solvents, but EPA guidance discusses both water and exempt solvents. Can the field staff account for exempt solvents within the scope of Section 129.52 as currently written? Last but not least, independent evaluation of compliance is difficult, if not impossible, to achieve since EPA Reference Method 24 (found at 40 CFR 60 Appendix A) does not include an independent analytical test to determine the volume percent of solids in the coating, which piece of data is required in order to evaluate compliance of a coating on a pounds of VOC per gallon of solids basis.
Although Section 129.52 is legally applicable to all types of surface coating application techniques, the regulations make no provision for the differences in transfer efficiencies inherent in the different techniques. Field staff therefore do not know how to apply this section to situations where transfer efficiency should be included as part of the compliance evaluation. As a result, enforcement of the current regulations discriminates against the more efficient application methods. Dip coating, for example, is more efficient than spray coating and usually generates lower VOC emissions, even if additional thinner must be added to the diptank to maintain proper viscosity of the coating. For example, a metal furniture operation could purchase and use a coating that has 3.00 pounds of VOC per gallon of coating (minus water). This coating, as purchased, meets the Table I limit of 3.00 pounds of VOC per gallon of coating (minus water). One hundred gallons of this coating could then be put into a diptank. To bring this coating up to the proper dipping viscosity, however, one must add some thinner, and fifty gallons of a typical thinner are added to the diptank. The addition of the thinner now brings the coating in the diptank (as applied) to a value of 4.42 pounds of VOC per gallon of coating (minus water), which exceeds the Table I limit of 3.00 pounds of VOC per gallon of coating (minus water). The coating therefore is now considered to be out of compliance. The amount of coating solids transferred to the metal furniture from this coating mixture is 47.7 gallons and the total VOC emissions from using this 150 gallons of coating and thinner are 662.5 pounds of VOC. Alternatively, this coating could be applied, as purchased, to the metal furniture using a spray coating technique. Because spray coating is a less efficient method than dip coating, one must use more coating to achieve the same amount of solids applied. To apply 47.7 pounds of solids when spraying this coating, one must use 360 gallons of the coating. The total VOC emissions arising from the spray application of this amount of coating is 1080 pounds of VOC. So although the coating in the diptank is technically out of compliance when compared to the appropriate Table I limit (because of the additional thinner), the VOC emissions from the dip operation are almost half the VOC emissions from the spray operation using the same coating, because the spray application method is much less efficient. The spray operation is considered to be in compliance with Table I, however, because the coating is used in the "as purchased" state, which complies with Table I. Therefore the company which fulfills the overall intent of the Department's goal of reducing atmospheric emissions of VOC is penalized because of the inadequacies of the regulation with respect to transfer efficiency, while the company which complies with the regulation is actually creating more emissions.
Table I of Subsection 129.52(b)(1) includes automobile and light duty truck coating. Item 6(c) of Table I provides an emissions limit for repair coatings used in automobile and light duty truck coating operations. It is possible to construe that refinishing, repair coating, and customized top coating of vehicles at small facilities such as autobody shops is covered by this requirement. The definition of "miscellaneous metal parts" at 25 PA Code Section 121.1, however, specifically exempts refinishing and customized top coating of automobiles and trucks if production does not exceed 34 vehicles per day.
Subsection 129.52(c) pertains to record keeping. The existing regulations are vague and foster inconsistency between permits because the permit writers define the record keeping requirements on a case by case basis.
"Miscellaneous metal parts and products" is defined broadly at Section 121.1, which leads to a variety of interpretations. As written, the definition has been interpreted to include everything constructed of metal except for those metal parts listed separately in Table I of Section 129.52 (those categories in Table I separate from miscellaneous metal parts). A more appropriate definition would include only those items listed in the current definition, including those found under the SIC Codes cited.
"Semitransparent wiping and glazing stains" and "semitransparent spray stains" are included in the definitions of Section 121.1. However, these wood furniture and cabinet coatings are no longer regulated under Section 129.52, having been deleted from Table I several years ago. Such coatings contain no solids, so compliance is undefined. If the history of these stains is not known, it is possible that their use as either wipe, spray, spatter, or pad stains may be lumped in with "all other coatings" which are regulated under Table I, item 11, of Section 129.52. When stains and toners were deleted from item 11 of Table I, however, this was done for the purpose of deregulating them.
The Chapter 121.1 definitions that address wood cabinet and furniture coatings (clear coat, wash coat, final repair coat, opaque ground coats and enamels, and clear sealers) need clarification and revision. Presently, as defined, these coatings are subject to different interpretations. For example, a wood furniture manufacturer uses several coatings that the company considers "stains", the coating manufacturer considers "clear tone enamels", and the Department considers "opaque ground coats and enamels" because the coating completely hides the color of the substrate in a single coat, whereas a "stain" does not. By calling the coatings "stains", however, the wood furniture manufacturer escapes regulation since stains are no longer regulated under Table I, item 11, of Section 129.52.
The General Requirements, Section 139.101, addresses data availability for Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems (CEMS). Subsection 139.101(12) states in part "...For purposes of calculating data availability, "process down" time, as specified in the manual referenced in Subsection 139.102(3), shall be considered valid time." Subsection 139.101(12)(ii) states "In each calendar quarter, at least 95% of the hours during which the monitored source is operating shall be valid as set forth in the quality assurance section of the manual referenced in Subsection 139.102(3)." This subsection can be misconstrued to mean that if a source only operates two hours during a quarter and has invalid data for one hour, the source is in violation of Subsection 139.101(12)(ii). | <urn:uuid:779b3b23-1490-4e02-88cc-3e47452c158a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/subject/rbi/regrev8c.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279224.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00480-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93535 | 4,533 | 2.5625 | 3 |
A rare black marlin with a dicky liver has washed ashore in front of Waitara's golf course.
The 2.8-metre fish was discovered by a club member walking along the beach yesterday afternoon and was reported to the Department of Conservation.
Ranger Callum Lilley took measurements, photographs and samples of the fish, which weighed about 150 kilograms. "We were going to collect stomach contents as well but the stomach was empty," Mr Lilley said.
"A large part of what appeared to be the liver was extremely dark, almost black. This may have been severe necrosis of the liver which would suggest this was a very sick fish. Black marlin are reasonably rare in Taranaki waters and this provides a good opportunity to contribute to research of the species." The head and tail of the fish were collected on behalf of Auckland Museum.
Black marlin can grow to longer than 4.5m and weigh up to 750kg.
Blue marlin and striped marlin are commonly caught in Taranaki waters.
- Taranaki Daily News
What's your expectation of former tropical cyclone Pam?Related story: Cyclone Pam hits New Zealand
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Get your South Taranaki news online | <urn:uuid:1582ba97-48ea-440b-b293-e74c06b32e4d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.stuff.co.nz/taranaki-daily-news/news/9594685/Rare-black-marlin-may-have-been-very-sick | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988722951.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183842-00209-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975404 | 267 | 2.1875 | 2 |
home map feedback classroom Fibers and The Environment
Products to Protect the Environment
Manufactured fibers are used in many products that protect the environment, ranging from geotextiles for land stabilization and erosion prevention, to filtration materials that clean air and water, to special absorbents designed to remove spilled oil from waters and wetlands.
Fibers from Recycled Plastics
Some of the polymers used in common consumer plastics are the same as those used to make fibers. In these cases, recycled plastics can serve as a source of raw material for fiber production. One successful example of this is the production of polyester fiber from soda bottles particularly good for recycling since they are almost always made of poly(ethylene terephthalate), usually referred to as PET, or simply, polyester. Plastic soda bottles are also easily identified by consumers for separation and recycling. They are available in large enough quantities to justify building recycling facilities.
Recycling works well in this case, but choices about alternative products, and alternative ways to reduce them impact on the environment are not very often this straightforward. As a general example, the choice between paper or plastic in a given situation can be a complicated matter. For an excellent analysis on the point go to the website created by the Plastic Bag Information Clearinghouse to see their review on Paper or Plastic?
Life Cycle Assessments
A meaningful analysis and evaluation of any product's relationship to the environment must include a broad array of criteria including low-impact production, low-impact maintenance, and its classification as recyclable, reusable or incineratable. Primary considerations are low impact on plant and animal life, conservation of limited resources, and waste minimization.
Evaluating these criteria at all stages of a product's life cycle is a very complicated process. Environmental impacts associated with both production and maintenance, as well as end-of-life options, must be included. Life Cycle Assessment, or LCA, is the accepted analytical method for doing this.
The best current LCA methods call for a complete inventory of the inputs and outputs from all phases of a product's lifetime. The results can then be used to set priorities for efforts to reduce environmental effects.
Life Cycle Assessment of a Typical Fiber Product
As a demonstration of the applicability of standard Life Cycle Assessment methodology to consumer textile products, the American Fiber Manufacturers Association sponsored an LCA on a typical woman's knitted blouse made from polyester filament yarn. This garment was chosen as the test because it could be designed without materials (zippers, buttons, etc.), and it's manufacture is relatively simple. To read the complete report click here.
LCA studies usually look at very specific energy sources, raw materials and production processes in a defined geographical location, but this project was conducted as a generic study of a garment made from a weighted industry average of inputs and outputs, for a particular fabric construction, dye and garment design.
Although the primary purpose of the polyester blouse LCA was to evaluate the application of the methods to a typical fiber-based consumer product, some of the results have some general application. The importance of considering the consumer use and maintenance was particularly striking. Although the results were magnified by the light weight of the garment studied, it was clear that laundering was responsible for far more pollutant emissions than all other phases of the life cycle combined.
Life cycle energy consumption was found to be the key factor in determining air and water emissions, as well as solid waste. Acquiring fuels (mining for coal, drilling for oil, etc.) and burning them to produce energy accounts for large amounts of greenhouse gases (primarily carbon dioxide) and other pollutant gases. Mining and drilling wastes, together with ash, soot and residue from cleaning stack emissions at power-generating facilities, are major solid waste producers. It followed that, water temperature and drying time were found to be the most important controllable factors. A consumer choice to switch from hot washing and machine drying to cold washing and line drying greatly reduces the environmental impacts associated with the garment.
A more detailed report on the polyester blouse LCA is available by contacting American Fiber Manufacturers Association. | <urn:uuid:0c2f389c-8b07-4a14-8017-2aa115599073> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.fibersource.com/f-tutor/fib-env.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00487-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951024 | 852 | 3.25 | 3 |
Citation: Maddox, P., (November 21, 2002). Ethics Column: "Ethics and the Brave New World of E-Health". Online Journal of Issues in Nursing. Vol. 8 No. 1. Available: www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/Columns/Ethics/Ethicsandehealth.aspx
Key words: ethics, e-Health, telehealth, access, equity, code of ethics
The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing (OJIN), Volume 6, Number 3, contains a series of articles that discuss selected opportunities and issues associated with telehealth and the future of nursing. In her insightful forward, Linda Thede (2001) observed, "...given the present and future advances in technology, telehealth is here to stay. The question then becomes, how will it be used and who will benefit?" (Paragraph 9). Collectively, the articles in the "Telehealth: Promise or Peril?" issue identify many of the complexities of the "new world" we are entering as a result of technology. Indeed, e-Health (use of interactive communication and information technologies to engage in health-related activities) includes not only telehealth-related media and telecommunications but also a wide array of consumer and healthcare provider activities that use the Internet.
Among the conclusions that can be drawn from the various articles in the telehealth edition of OJIN is that technology is expected to change the practice of health professionals and the provision of health services, including how and when they are provided. E-Health is projected to have significant impact on healthcare consumers, changing their expectations and behavior as a result of having ready access to information not previously available. Additionally, e-Health will influence social and professional expectations about accessing and sharing individual, organizational and scientific health information and performance data. The National Academy of Science Committee on the Networking of Health discusses these and calls for new and thoughtful discussion about personal responsibility, choice and access to health services, as well as privacy and security of personally identifiable data (Shortliffe et al., 2000).
As we observe the proliferation of technology and consider the promises it brings to improving human health, new and compelling ethical questions arise from e-Health services and the consequences of living in an electronically wired world. The purpose of this article is to explore selected e-Health trends and emerging ethical concerns.
The Internet and Health Information
In "Futurescan 2002: A Forecast of Healthcare Trends," Internet-empowered consumers are identified as a significant future opportunity for health systems and providers to consider (Coile, 2002). Futurescan 2002 identifies the Internet as an important health service distribution channel for "new customers" and predicts that consumers will actively use the Internet to identify options and make key decisions in the near future. Among the market research findings that form the basis for this report, 57% of respondents predicted that consumer access to Internet based health information will influence future choices consumers make about everything from self-care to selection of healthcare provider.
The Internet is now considered an important vehicle that provides access to an unprecedented amount of healthcare information as immediately as it becomes known. Consumers are now accessing the same information about scientific discoveries and new treatment options as are health professionals. Self-informed consumers are changing the dynamics of the patient-healthcare provider relationship, as well as expectations about the health system and when, where and how health services are accessed (Eng & Gustufson, 1999; Eng et al., 1998).
In the future, the Internet is expected to influence a number of e-Health activities, including how consumers and healthcare providers:
- Purchase health-related products and services over the internet;
- Access health records via the Internet;
- Manage personal health information on the world wide web;
- Communicate between consumers/patients and providers, benefits managers, insurers and so forth via e-mail and other Internet means (e.g., chat rooms); and
- Participate in consumer-initiated communities of support that foster information exchange and through which new "virtual" relationships are formed.
Health Related Web Sites
Internet sites that provide information about diseases; diagnosis and treatment; disease prevention; health promotion; and individual health risk assessment and profiling services are proliferating. Visitors to Internet sites are providing those sites with a wide array of detailed personal information about themselves, and this information is being stored in databases and data warehouses waiting to be "mined" for customer relationship management (CRM) purposes. CRM is used to profile consumers to identify those most likely to need a health product, service or provider (Weber, 2000).
As e-Health technologies and applications become more capable and potentially widespread, we must be mindful that the possibilities of increased access to healthcare services and information also bring new concerns. Among these are concerns about how we determine the quality of technology mediated care and how to manage/ensure individual privacy, access to health services, self-determination and choice. As e-Health proliferation continues, the need to determine the safety and efficacy, clinical utility, and cost-effectiveness of new e-Health in relation to traditional services grows.
Consumer Access and Choice
In part, the future and speed with which e-Health services expand will depend upon who pays and how widely adopted these services become (Puskin, 2001). As adoption of new technology continues, we must be mindful that we have the potential to create a technocentric system of care that may inadvertently provide services through a "next best" mechanism when other choices are not present, or worse, that we may explicitly exclude entire populations. Thus concerns about the possibility of creating a second-tier system of care, as well as concerns about consumer access, equity, and choice may be uniquely problematic given emerging e-Health applications.
E-Health and Personal Choice
How ironic that the need to increase access to health services to underserved populations occurs as these populations are adversely affected by maldistribution of financial resources and health professionals. In developing e-Health services to increase access to health care for these populations, we are providing services through controversial or unproven mechanisms and/or when there is no alternative. Troublesome is the potential for development and use of new technologically defined systems of care that are dominantly used by those who have no choice. While we rush to embrace technology that redefines the dynamics of the provider-patient "relationship," keep in mind that the rationale for clinical efficacy and benefits such as increased access to services and cost savings associated with e-Health services are unproven.
As Pushkin (2001) observes, the future of adoption and expansion of telehealth likely rests with future payment practices among private insurers and healthcare providers. However, what is the motivation/reason for e-Health services to be funded by private payers? Put another way, are systems of care that are dependent upon public funding and reimbursement equivalent to systems of care that are dependent upon private funding? If not, the explicit rationale for the need and appropriateness of such services is warranted, for instance, the establishment of telehealth services to rural or otherwise underserved areas.
Ethics of e-Health Proliferation
Is our reasoning and subsequent decision making explicit when we define policy that endorses or compensates e-Health services? What are the ethical principles that guide decision making to acquire unproven technologies and endorse e-Health services? Is doing the greatest public good the rationale for endorsing yet unproven technology-mediated services? Are principles of utilitarianism or communitarianism used for decision making? In the absence of data to inform the cost effectiveness and potential efficiency of such applications, what expectations and goals are we pursuing?
As health information and health services become available through the Internet, many new questions emerge. For instance, will e-Health services be included as part of a defined set of basic services that all Americans should have access to? What services will be covered and how will we ensure access and equitable distribution among economically disadvantaged populations? In the future, when we provide access to face-to-face health services, should we also provide access to e-Health information and services?
An increasing number, but not all, of American homes have access to the Internet. Some choose not to acquire or use the Internet; others do not have the financial means and/or knowledge to do so. In cases where Internet access is not available in the home, individuals would need to rely on other locations for access. If these access points are in public locations (e.g., schools or libraries), what guidance or special considerations should be taken given the confidential nature of information exchange? Since this issue is part of a larger social debate, should professional nurses be concerned or be compelled to contribute to the dialogue?
Given concerns about access and equity concerning e-Health, a number of concerns emerge. One concern is about access and equity related to electronic health information and services on the Internet. If access to such services is only available in work and public settings, will privacy and confidentiality concerns be disregarded? Will access be available when the individual is present and when the system is available for use? More importantly, because of the potentially sensitive nature of health information on the Internet, access to such information at home is critical. What public concerns exist related to uneven availability of Internet access? Should access to electronic health information be considered central to accessing the full array of health services in the future?
Should we call for support of universal access to health and medical information to foster a democratization of information and improve public health? Thomas Eng and colleagues (1998) advocate such a position. They identify the Internet as an important vehicle to access health information, to increase knowledge, to improve emotional state, and (possibly) to reduce health care costs. Thus, the provision of low-cost or loaned computers to the needy, with discounted access to online sources, may increase health knowledge and reduce health inequalities (Eng & Gustufson, 1999).
The Perils of E-Health
No matter what, some individuals will never use the Internet or other technologies for a variety of reasons. They may not have the technical knowledge and skills or desire to use computers or other electronic technologies. However, how do we ensure that no one is denied knowledge about health improvements that are most widely available through electronic means? How do we ensure that no one is left out of the system because of a reluctance to use electronic technologies? And how do we assure access when some users of technology are barely literate?
The second area of concern is associated with personal health information that is collected electronically. Personal information is collected when asked for directly (name and other identifying information) and also is collected without acknowledgment using embedded computer tracks such as cookies and other mechanisms such as on-line surveys and assessments that provide detailed information to the web site about users who are not informed about how this information will be used. As Internet firms employ nurses and other heath professionals, do healthcare professionals have an ethical duty to advocate for individual privacy? As contact with patients and consumers is less obvious, does a nurse have a duty to advocate for individual privacy? What decision approaches should be used?
Code of Ethics for E-Health
Organizations that use a permission-based approach to the release of information recognize the individual as the agent to permit or deny access to personal health information. In such cases, the individual is notified of the request to access personal health information and authorizes the information to be shared/released. Another approach is a paternalistic one. In this case, health professionals or information system managers decide what constitutes "reasonable access" and agree to act in the best interests of patients when requests to access to health information are made. A third approach (frequently used in the medical record systems) is an umbrella release to access to personal health information on a "need to know basis." A fourth approach relies on the development of common, consensual rules to protect confidentiality and facilitate necessary information sharing.
To ensure online quality and privacy protection, what guidelines might a nurse consult to address these questions? What policies are needed and how should nurses advocate for them? Because the Internet is changing how people receive health information and healthcare, everyone who uses the Internet for health-related purposes must work together to create an environment of trusted relationships. Such relationships will assure quality information and services, protect privacy, and enhance the value of the Internet for both consumers and providers of health information products and services.
A number of groups (public and private) are developing quality criteria and on-line codes of conduct to help consumers understand the issue of quality and how their personal information is used by web sites. In May 2000, the Internet Healthcare Coalition’s e-Health Initiative announced the release of an international e-Health Code of Ethics. The goal of the e-Health Code of Ethics is to ensure that individuals can confidently and with full understanding of known risks realize the potential of the Internet in managing their own health and the health of those in their care. The e-Health Code of Ethics sets forth eight principles: candor, honesty, quality, informed consent, privacy, professionalism in online healthcare, responsible partnering, and accountability (Rippen & Risk, 2000 ). A summary of these principles follows:
- Candor: Disclose information that would likely affect consumers understanding or use of the site or purchase or use of a product or service. What is disclosed should include who owns or has a major financial interest in the site, what the site's purpose is, and any relationships such as advertising partners.
- Honesty : Ascertain that information, including content and claims about health products, is truthful and not misleading. Distinguish content intended to promote or sell a product or service from educational and scientific content.
- Quality: Make good-faith efforts to evaluate information to ensure that information is consistent with the best available evidence. Specific recommendations include allowing only qualified professionals to provide personalized medical advice or care; indicate clearly whether advice is based on scientific studies, expert consensus or professional or personal experience or opinion; acknowledge that some issues are controversial (present all views); present information in easy-to-understand, user-friendly formats; and indicate what sources were used in providing information.
- Informed consent: Clearly disclose potential user privacy risks and keep from using personal data without the user's permission (individual consent), clearly indicate what data are being collected when users visit the site, who is collecting the data, how the site will use the data, and whether the site will share data (with whom and for what purpose).
- Privacy: Users have the right to expect that their personal data will be kept confidential, so e-Health sites must take reasonable steps to prevent unauthorized access to or use of personal data.
- Professionalism in online health care: Physicians, nurses and other health care professionals who provide specific, personal medical care or advice online should abide by the ethical codes that govern their professions. In all cases this calls for professions to do no harm, protect confidentiality, put consumers’ interests first, clearly disclose sponsorships or financial incentives, clearly disclose any fees involved, and obey laws and regulations of all relevant jurisdictions. Professionals should specify their professional credentials, disclose where they practice and give clear instructions for follow-up care when appropriate. They also should clearly explain the constraints of online diagnosis and treatment recommendations (including explanation of when online consultation can and cannot or should not take the place of face-to-face interaction with a professional).
- Responsible partnering: Web sites must take reasonable efforts to make sure that sponsors or partners abide by applicable laws and uphold the same ethical standards as the sites themselves. They should insist that sponsors not only influence the way research results are displayed but also clearly indicate whether links to other sites constitute an endorsement of those sites.
- Accountability: Clearly indicate how users can contact the site owner or manager, provide easy-to-use tools for site visitors to give feedback, review complaints from users promptly, and encourage users to notify the site's manager if they believe partners or affiliates have violated any laws or ethical principles.
In conclusion, the brave new world of e-Health brings with it many new opportunities and risks to create an environment of trusted relationships and assure high quality information and services; protect privacy; and enhance the value of the Internet for consumers and providers of health information, products and services. Nurses must thoughtfully consider these possibilities and the ramifications that e-Health has on access to information, personal choice, privacy and confidentiality and, most importantly, on business and professional ethics. Nurses should understand the implications of e-Health and the business ethics of e-Health within the context of their countries’ codes of ethics.
Peggy Jo Maddox RN, MSN, EdD
Dr. P.J. Maddox was recently appointed Acting Dean of the George Mason University College of Nursing and Health Science. Prior to assuming the acting Deanship, Dr. Maddox served as the Assistant Dean for graduate Health Sciences and Director of the Office of Research in the Center for Health Policy, Research and Ethics.
She came to George Mason University in 1995 from the National Institutes of Health where she was Chief Operating Officer of the Clinical Center in Bethesda, Maryland. While at NIH, she also served as deputy director for nursing and service chief for several medical institutes.
Dr. Maddox’s academic and research interests are varied. Recent research has ranged from examining the impact of Health care financing and delivery system arrangements on quality outcomes; health policy evaluation (policy evaluation studies ranging from telemedicine, Medicaid managed care and financing health workforce development). She is a recognized expert in strategic planning and research on quality and access under Managed Care arrangements in all sectors of the health system (public and private); in technology and electronic commerce in healthcare (especially health data privacy and security) and in health workforce planning.
Dr. Maddox’s doctorate is from Teachers College, Columbia University, New York in Health Systems Administration.
American Nurses Association. (2001). Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing.
Coile, R. E. (2002). Futurescan 2002: A forecast of healthcare trends 2002-2006. Chicago: Health Administration Press.
Eng, T. R., & Gustufson, D. (1999). Wired for health and well-being: The emergence of interactive health communication. Washington DC: US Government Printing Office.
Eng, T. R., Maxfield, A., Patrick, K., Deering, M., Scott C., & Gustafson, D. (1998). Access to health information and support: A public highway or a private road? Journal of the American Medical Association, 280 (15), 1371-1375.
Federal Trade Commission. (2000). Privacy online: Fair information practices in the electronic marketplace. Washington DC: Author. Retrieved April 4, 2002 from www.ftc.gov/os/2000/05
Puskin, D. S. (2001, September 30). Telemedicine: Follow the money. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing , 6 (3), Article 1. Retreived April 4, 2002, www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Volume62001/No3Sept01/Telemedicine.aspx
Shortliffe, E. H., Altman, R. B., Brennan, P. F., Davie, B., Detmer, W. M., Florance, V., Friede, A., Frisse, M., Glaser, J., Huffman, J., Kohane, I., Landwehr, C. E., Masys, D. R., Sisk, J. E., & VonEicken, T. (2000). Networking health: Prescription for the Internet . Washington DC: National Academy Press.
Rippen H, & Risk, A. (2000). E-Health ethics initiative, e-Health Code of Ethics. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 2 (2). Retrieved April 4, 2002 from www.jmir.org/2000/2/e9
Thede, L. Q. (2001, September 30). Overview and summary: telehealth: promise or peril? Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 6 (3). Retrieved April 4, 2002, www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Volume62001/No3Sept01//TelehealthOverview.aspx
Weber, D. O. (2000). CRM: When marketing gets personal. COR Healthcare Market Strategist, 1 (4), 1-8.
© 2002 Online Journal of Issues in Nursing
Article published November 21, 2002 | <urn:uuid:04320a48-e336-44ba-b741-7198443dcb7f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/Columns/Ethics/Ethicsandehealth.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718309.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00406-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.920701 | 4,282 | 2.265625 | 2 |
From the perspective of somebody with a background in digital archiving, copyright is a squatter's right, defined by the ability to deny content to others.
The overwhelming majority of works are not Harry Potter, still sold, published, and making money. Most materials under copyright are not reprinted, not available, not distributed, with the rights no longer belonging to those responsible for its creation. But if an archivist tried to digitize it and make any of it available to their patrons without permission…wham! Infringement lawsuit.
The interests of digital archivists responsible for making information and materials available, and the interests of copyright holders, are directly at odds with each other.
This is very strange, because computer technology has advanced to the point that information and content are infinitely reproducible via computers. To use a Star Trek metaphor (both for accuracy and to get everybody in the right mood) a computer is like a food replicator. With enough power, it can make infinite copies.
To quote lawyer/advocate Eben Moglen, who may or may not have been a Star Trek fan:
"The great moral question of the twenty-first century is: If all knowledge, all culture, all art, all useful information, can be costlessly given to everyone at the same price that it is given to anyone — if everyone can have everything, everywhere, all the time, why is it ever moral to exclude anyone from anything?
If you could make lamb chops in endless numbers by the mere pressing of a button, there would be no moral argument for hunger ever, anywhere.
I see no system of moral philosophy generated by the economy of the past that could evolve a principle to explain the moral legitimacy of denial in the presence of infinite profusion."
"Copyright maximalists" who take the most extreme and controlling view of the function of copyright, try to phrase copyright as a moral issue, and make an overly simplistic comparison of copyright infringement to "stealing" a physical object, and argue that downloading is denying compensation to the creators.
This doesn't work because there's no 1:1 comparison between a downloaded copy and a lost sale. By that logic, a checked out library book equals a lost sale, and lending a book to a friend is a lost sale. Most of us discovered our favorite books not because we bought them outright but because someone lent them to us. In that sense, online copying serves the same function lending a book to a friend does: discovery.
As Cory Doctorow put it: the greatest enemy of creators isn't copying, but obscurity.
The "file sharing is stealing" argument gets even stranger when, in the case of some copywritten works, it makes you ask, "stealing from who?"
A perfect example would be the FASA Star Trek Starfleet Tactical Combat Simulator game, made under license by the game company FASA, printed between 1981 and 1989. The STCS occupies a strange niche between wargame simulation, board game, and roleplaying game, where, on a hex map, players take the role of competing starships battling each other.
These days, not only does FASA no longer exist, but it lost the license to print Star Trek materials. In other words, there is no way I could ever directly compensate the makers of the FASA Star Trek game, mostly because FASA ceased to exist. They no longer have the license and the materials are out of print. I could buy the game secondhand on ebay or find some dog-eared copy at an old game store, but in either case, FASA would receive no money for the same reason textbook publishers don't receive money for the sale of used books.
At the same time, I am very pleased to have found copies online of the FASA books and I have run the game with some friends and printed counters on a dry-erase hex grid. To put my discovery into context, keep in mind that I am not exactly this game's target audience. As someone who was not alive when the game was originally published and in its heyday, I first discovered and picked up a copy of the rule set because it was possible to do so online.
To my great delight, there are still some people keeping the Star Trek: Space Combat Simulation Game alive, almost entirely those who remember its heyday back in the 1980s. For instance, visit this website for the Star Trek Tactical Combat Simulator Database and Archive. The STCS archive explains its purpose like this:
Think of the STSTCSOLD&A as a nature preserve, designed to harbor a vanishing species of pencil and paper amusement. In a world now dominated by advanced computer games, the STSTCS is a beloved relic, akin to classic automobiles or vintage wine. In creating the OLD&A I am doing something similar to restoring a car, combining new parts with an old chassis, repainting the body panels and polishing the glass. As with most car restoration, the entire OLD&A project is a labour of affection, done solely for the sheer satisfaction of the thing. With my STSTCS game books slowly falling into shreds, I hope to preserve the essence of the STSTCS in a medium that cannot be dulled, dimmed, smudged, ripped, or otherwise folded and spindled by time. I also hope to bring a new generation of Trek fans into the Old World of gaming where mental activity, not processor speed, powers the action.
When copywritten material is totally lost, you're not just losing the material, but the culture around that material begins to disappear. Preserving materials is like preserving a culture. Mystery Science Theater 3000 can't obtain the rights to reprint some of the movies they licensed to spoof, so a longstanding piece of advice by Mike Nelson to his fans is to "keep on circulating the tapes." It's copyright infringement, sure, but it keeps a huge chunk of a fandom alive and saved from total oblivion. There are hundreds of episodes of Doctor Who that were thoughtlessly erased by accident by the BBC in the 1960s, which are only preserved now because fans saw fit to audio record the episodes as they watched.
Sadly, the one item most fans want most is the one item I cannot provide. At least half of all the letters I get are from relatively new and/or returning Trek fans who are just finding out about the game, or are rediscovering the game after a long time away from it. In both cases, people are desperate to try and get their hands on the game rules themselves, either because they never owned a copy of the game or because they were foolish enough to get rid of the game at some point in the past. While I would love nothing more than to provide each and every fan with a verbatim transcript of the entire STSTCS rules book, it came to my attention in 2001 that a third party purchased the rights to the rule system that the STSTCS is based upon. This third party is jealously guarding these rules and has already contacted other, older STSTCS sites in an effort to get them to take down any and all portions of the rules that have been posted on the web. So far nobody has been hauled into court, but I don't want to be a trendsetter in this regard so I am steering clear of this known legal iceberg.
That was written, by the way, in 2001, when FASA stopped printing and started licensing their intellectual properties (including famous pen and paper RPGs like Shadowrun). Since then, the company in question, which incidentally did not even create the rules and game system itself, has done absolutely nothing with the property. Does anyone still doubt me when I say copyright is at times a squatter's right?
This strategy is even more shortsighted when one considers that the future of any business model in the digital age is to directly create a personal relationship with fans, communicate with them, and give them a reason to buy. What possible reason could there be to get litigious with those who might be your greatest customers?
This is a shame, because if the FASA game was reprinted I would absolutely pay real money to buy a copy now that I know it exists. For one thing, rules are easier to consult at a gaming table if they're in printed book form, and it would be great to have "official" playtested game statistics to represent Next Generation and later era starships (due to the timeframe of FASA, only the original series is really well represented and detailed). Also, there haven't been any new FASA miniatures made since the 1980s, something people will pay for because there is a real scarcity, not an artificial one.
Because I got my hands on STCS files, a customer now exists in me (and my friends) that didn't exist before, and I am proud to talk about and promote the STCS.
What does all of this mean for digital archivists and information science professionals? Only good things, if they understand their changing role and required skill set. Institutions, like academic libraries and historical databases, should stop thinking about building their "collections," considering the spread apart, decentralized nature of modern content on the internet, and instead emphasize the reference skills of their own IS professionals to get patrons in touch with what they want, wherever it is and wherever it can be found. | <urn:uuid:e17ea0f8-a4ac-4d44-9c27-51c56a7f7ebf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://julianperezconquerstheuniverse.blogspot.com/2012/06/file-sharing-as-culture-preserver-case.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00041-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958823 | 1,927 | 2.125 | 2 |
A smog documentary that went viral in China over the weekend and riveted the nation with its TED Talks meets Al Gore blend of compelling data and engaging instruction, managed to both survive China’s censors and get “the chop”.
Chinese citizens and industry are both willing to do their part to help turnaround the country’s water crisis, according to a new survey, but they don’t see how without a mechanism that allows the government, industry and end users to work together. Could that missing mechanism be market discipline, rule of law and citizen empowerment?
Read in full Patricia Adams’ closing address to the International Symposium on China’s Environmental Crisis: Is There a Way Out? A resounding “Yes!” says Ms. Adams. “Give power to the people”. | <urn:uuid:9b574771-7758-45b5-bded-970fbb101d8b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://journal.probeinternational.org/tag/market-discipline/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.932567 | 172 | 1.609375 | 2 |
World Honey Bee Museum
Zoo Negara, Ampang, Malaysia
World Honey Bee Museum Ampang Reviews
Sweet is Honey Oct 14, 2014
Wandering around the many enclousures in the zoo and watching the big and wild animals looking bored and un enthusiasticaly spending their time I did enthuse myself imagining their life as to how it would be had this been in the wild with no barriers or enclaves between us.The thought did trigger smiles and some shivers when I came across a pavilion titled the World Honey Bee Museum.Colorful it was with two huge more than life size statues of bees welcoming us and I gues they did not have any stings.Amused I walked in and a large fossil collection of humble tiny bees to dark large bumble bess, families of them I should say,hornets of different sizes, nests, honeycombs, tiny sculptures, models displayed on slated tables and a large variety of honey collected,gathered and bottled for sale adorn this place which has been the effort of branded honey manufacturers in Malaysia. May be it is a sale depot for them manufacturers to sell their wares but defenitly it is an eye opener to all who make a visit there.The bee museum did attract a large number of school children who were running around trying to identify the bees which they might have been taught about, or seen in a picture book, film or from else where.
A television kept running a very informative video programme about the life of the bees, the waxen hexagonal cells, tunnels or cavities called honeycombs,they build to live in, their work culture,habitat,food and the dangers of their sting,the way they protect themselves and how they sustain the environment by polinating flowers to nuture and bear fruit for the benefit of mankind as well as make food for themselves and honey and wax for us as well as about the medicenal composite in Honey and human well being on consuming this nectar from the bees did impress upon every child and upon me too.
Honey is sweet and sweetness is an affectionate word.Many affectionately call their children or wife as honey..Yes; honey is the sweetest word in the dictionary.
Funny it is but one should not forget the life of this insignificant insect and their harmonious, tenacious life and effort which defines fertility and prosperity.This visit to the museum also reminded me of the Yehovah's promise quoted in the Bible to Moses and the Isrealites about the promised land as being one where honey and milk would flow in abundance.
Coming out of the enclosure I am sure that in the future, whenever I see a bee, I will remember, that there are shrubs that bloom, vegetation that bears us food, trees and places that sustain them bees and more importantly;"life".
5 / 5 TravBuddies found this review helpful/trustworthy
Join TravBuddy to leave comments, meet new friends and share travel tips! | <urn:uuid:857290d8-fbe2-4dee-b009-22fc81f98e83> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.travbuddy.com/World-Honey-Bee-Museum-v822570 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00286-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967394 | 614 | 1.859375 | 2 |
The Indian cement industry’s list of accomplishments in sustainability is nothing short of remarkable. Be it adoption of new technologies to reduce emissions, efforts to align with strict environmental standards or utilising other industries’ waste produce, the cement industry has set an example for all other manufacturing industries in the country. The CMA Environment and Sustainability committee works with industry stakeholders and facilitates dialogue on technological innovation, regulation on emission standards, use of waste and other alternative fuel among others.
Cement Manufacturers Association (CMA) is the apex body of major cement plants in India. We are the Indian Cement Industry’s consolidated voice on issues such as environment, waste recycling, taxation, logistics and fuel supply among others. CONCREATECH 2018, is a one day National Conference, scheduled to be held on November 29, 2018, at Hotel ITC Maurya in New Delhi. The Conference is supported by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India.
CMA Tower, A-2E, Sector 24, Noida 201301
+91 98101 00097 | <urn:uuid:436aa334-22be-4cd1-b750-98b2aa122235> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.concreatech.com/focus-areas/sustainability/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570765.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808031623-20220808061623-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.911857 | 225 | 1.53125 | 2 |
The number of family farms around the world continues to decline slowly with farmland consolidation also happening globally. There is however a misperception that big companies are taking over the family farms. In reality, it is family farms consolidating. For example, in the US, family farms still account for 90% of all farms.
What are the implications for family members as farms become bigger?
The small family farms which were the backbone of rural communities are giving way to bigger land holdings run with increased technology and benefiting from economies of scale. There will be less people physically farming and the farmer in charge will be more like the CEO of a business.
If we look at the likes of Iowa in the United States, this state has lost over 40,000 farming families since the late 1970s. In Ireland, there were 223,000 farm entities in 1980 and there are now around 150,000. Small in Ireland is tiny by international standards. Of the number of total farms, one third of them are small farms (less than €8,000 Standard Output) and only 13% are farmed full-time.
Even though, farms numbers are going down, output is growing, which means bigger farms producing more. It is this sector of farms getting bigger and more complex that will provide new challenges for families running them.
In smaller farms, the farmer often works in somewhat isolated conditions. As the farms become bigger, farmers need a broad range of “business” skills. These include farm management, technological, mechanical, organisational and interpersonal skills.
Coupled with this family members and farm workers want defined roles, defined renumeration, defined holidays as well as built-in flexibility – competing with other industries that may be better at attracting talented people.
Changing family dynamics
As farms get bigger and more complex, so too does the complexity of the family dynamics to run the farm. The bigger farms need a range of skills and families must plan for this. It is unlikely that all the necessary skills will be provided by family members and as a result skills need to brought in to the farm to allow it be run along the lines of a management team concept.
Roles and responsibilities for family members need to be clearly defined. Family members need be know what they are responsible for and they need to be held accountable for their performance.
It has been well documented the lack of detailed succession planning done by farmers in general. The situation is improving but it is not yet at acceptable levels.
It starts with what is the vision? What is the long-term vision for the business?
If you look at Colin and Dale Armer in New Zealand who built a business from one family dairy farm in the 1990s to now being one of New Zealand’s biggest farm set-ups, they didn’t get there without a plan. It had to include a plan for where their eight adult children would fit into the business.
The next generation need to be encouraged to stay on in farming but not all family farms are viable.
Family farms need to be viable and greater financial supports are needed. It has never been a better time ideologically for the next generation to commit to farming. They are interested in sustainable farming development. Young people are generally open to new ideas, open to trying new methods and innovative practices. They are better educated today. So if the family farm is given every assistance to make it viable, then the next major assistance we should give the family farm is advice on how to work together as family members.
Clearly defined roles
Some of the most vicious family feuds happen because of disagreements about the farm, how it should be run and who should own what. This is not unique to Ireland. It happens all over the world.
As farms become more complex to run, greater attention needs to be given to clearly defining what each family member’s role is with regard to the farm operation. The clearer the roles are defined, the less chance there is for argument. In tandem, the ownership structure should be clearly defined and there should be no ambiguity.
Seldom do families manage to put these two vital pieces in place without some dispute or procrastination. This is why it is firmly recommended to appoint a family business advisor to help put the right family structures in place for not just this generation but for future generations. The family members should be putting all their energies into developing the farm business and not having the all-too-familiar stress of constantly arguing. It is difficult enough to operate as a family successfully never mind working together as well. Seek outside assistance early to make sure your family can work in harmony. No farm is worth the destruction of a family. | <urn:uuid:59062b46-6b51-4581-8bb0-57ed52e46817> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.farmersjournal.ie/the-role-of-the-family-in-farming-is-changing-702399 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.974333 | 957 | 2.75 | 3 |
Supper was rapidly devoured, and the little company housed themselves as best they could. The bed was hard, the shelter not very substantial, and our position an anxious one, at five thousand feet above the sea level. Yet I slept particularly well; it was one of the best nights I had ever had, and I did not even dream.
Next morning we awoke half frozen by the sharp keen air, but with the light of a splendid sun. I rose from my granite bed and went out to enjoy the magnificent spectacle that lay unrolled before me.
I stood on the very summit of the southernmost of Snæfell’s peaks. The range of the eye extended over the whole island. By an optical law which obtains at all great heights, the shores seemed raised and the centre depressed. It seemed as if one of Helbesmer’s raised maps lay at my feet. I could see deep valleys intersecting each other in every direction, precipices like low walls, lakes reduced to ponds, rivers abbreviated into streams. On my right were numberless glaciers and innumerable peaks, some plumed with feathery clouds of smoke. The undulating surface of these endless mountains, crested with sheets of snow, reminded one of a stormy sea. If I looked westward, there the ocean lay spread out in all its magnificence, like a mere continuation of those flock-like summits. The eye could hardly tell where the snowy ridges ended and the foaming waves began.
I was thus steeped in the marvellous ecstasy which all high summits develop in the mind; and now without giddiness, for I was beginning to be accustomed to these sublime aspects of nature. My dazzled eyes were bathed in the bright flood of the solar rays. I was forgetting where and who I was, to live the life of elves and sylphs, the fanciful creation of Scandinavian superstitions. I felt intoxicated with the sublime pleasure of lofty elevations without thinking of the profound abysses into which I was shortly to be plunged. But I was brought back to the realities of things by the arrival of Hans and the Professor, who joined me on the summit.
My uncle pointed out to me in the far west a light steam or mist, a semblance of land, which bounded the distant horizon of waters.
“Greenland!” said he.
“Greenland?” I cried.
“Yes; we are only thirty-five leagues from it; and during thaws the white bears, borne by the ice fields from the north, are carried even into Iceland. But never mind that. Here we are at the top of Snæfell and here are two peaks, one north and one south. Hans will tell us the name of that on which we are now standing.”
The question being put, Hans replied:
My uncle shot a triumphant glance at me.
“Now for the crater!” he cried.
The crater of Snæfell resembled an inverted cone, the openingof which might be half a league in diameter. Its depth appeared to be about two thousand feet. Imagine the aspect of such a reservoir, brim full and running over with liquid fire amid the rolling thunder. The bottom of the funnel was about 250 feet in circuit, so that the gentle slope allowed its lower brim to be reached without much difficulty. Involuntarily I compared the whole crater to an enormous erected mortar, and the comparison put me in a terrible fright.
“What madness,” I thought, “to go down into a mortar, perhaps a loaded mortar, to be shot up into the air at a moment’s notice!”
But I did not try to back out of it. Hans with perfect coolness resumed the lead, and I followed him without a word.
In order to facilitate the descent, Hans wound his way down the cone by a spiral path. Our route lay amidst eruptive rocks, some of which, shaken out of their loosened beds, rushed bounding down the abyss, and in their fall awoke echoes remarkable for their loud and well-defined sharpness.
In certain parts of the cone there were glaciers. Here Hans advanced only with extreme precaution, sounding his way with his iron-pointed pole, to discover any crevasses in it. At particularly dubious passages we were obliged to connect ourselves with each other by a long cord, in order that any man who missed his footing might be held up by his companions. This solid formation was prudent, but did not remove all danger.
Yet, notwithstanding the difficulties of the descent, down steeps unknown to the guide, the journey was accomplished without accidents, except the loss of a coil of rope, which escaped from the hands of an Icelander, and took the shortest way to the bottom of the abyss.
At mid-day we arrived. I raised my head and saw straight above me the upper aperture of the cone, framing a bit of sky of very small circumference, but almost perfectly round. Just upon the edge appeared the snowy peak of Saris, standing out sharp and clear against endless space.
At the bottom of the crater were three chimneys, through which, in its eruptions, Snæfell had driven forth fire and lava from its central furnace. Each of these chimneys was a hundred feet in diameter. They gaped before us right in our path. I had not the courage to look down either of them. But Professor Liedenbrock had hastily surveyed all three; he was panting, running from one to the other, gesticulating, and uttering incoherent expressions. Hans and his comrades, seated upon loose lava rocks, looked at him with asmuch wonder as they knew how to express, and perhaps taking him for an escaped lunatic.
Suddenly my uncle uttered a cry. I thought his foot must have slipped and that he had fallen down one of the holes. But, no; I saw him, with arms outstretched and legs straddling wide apart, erect before a granite rock that stood in the centre of the crater, just like a pedestal made ready to receive a statue of Pluto. He stood like a man stupefied, but the stupefaction soon gave way to delirious rapture.
“Axel, Axel,” he cried. “Come, come!”
I ran. Hans and the Icelanders never stirred.
“Look!” cried the Professor.
And, sharing his astonishment, but I think not his joy, I read on the western face of the block, in Runic characters, half mouldered away with lapse of ages, this thrice-accursed name:
ᛐ ᛦ ᚳ ᛅ ᚼ ᛐ ᚴ ᚳ ᚢ ᚼ ᚼ ᛅ ᛯ
“Arne Saknussemm!” replied my uncle. “Do you yet doubt?”
I made no answer; and I returned in silence to my lava seat in a state of utter speechless consternation. Here was crushing evidence.
How long I remained plunged in agonizing reflections I cannot tell; all that I know is, that on raising my head again, I saw only my uncle and Hans at the bottom of the crater. The Icelanders had been dismissed, and they were now descending the outer slopes of Snæfell to return to Stapi.
Hans slept peaceably at the foot of a rock, in a lava bed, where he had found a suitable couch for himself; but my uncle was pacing around the bottom of the crater like a wild beast in a cage. I had neither the wish nor the strength to rise, and following the guide’s example I went off into an unhappy slumber, fancying I could hear ominous noises or feel tremblings within the recesses of the mountain.
Thus the first night in the crater passed away.
The next morning, a grey, heavy, cloudy sky seemed to droop over the summit of the cone. I did not know this first from the appearances of nature, but I found it out by my uncle’s impetuous wrath.
I soon found out the cause, and hope dawned again in my heart. For this reason.
Of the three ways open before us, one had been taken by Saknussemm. The indications of the learned Icelander hinted at in the cryptogram, pointed to this fact that the shadow of Scartaris came to touch that particular way during the latter days of the month of June.
That sharp peak might hence be considered as the gnomon of a vast sun dial, the shadow projected from which on a certain day would point out the road to the centre of the earth.
Now, no sun no shadow, and therefore no guide. Here was June 25. If the sun was clouded for six days we must postpone our visit till next year.
My limited powers of description would fail, were I to attempt a picture of the Professor’s angry impatience. The day wore on, and no shadow came to lay itself along the bottom of the crater. Hans did not move from the spot he had selected; yet he must be asking himself what were we waiting for, if he asked himself anything at all. My uncle spoke not a word to me. His gaze, ever directed upwards, was lost in the grey and misty space beyond.
On the 26th nothing yet. Rain mingled with snow was falling all day long. Hans built a but of pieces of lava. I felt a malicious pleasure in watching the thousand rills and cascades that came tumbling down the sides of the cone, and the deafening continuous din awaked by every stone against which they bounded.
My uncle’s rage knew no bounds. It was enough to irritate a meeker man than he; for it was foundering almost within the port.
But Heaven never sends unmixed grief, and for Professor Liedenbrock there was a satisfaction in store proportioned to his desperate anxieties.
The next day the sky was again overcast; but on the 29th of June, the last day but one of the month, with the change of the moon came a change of weather. The sun poured a flood of light down the crater. Every hillock, every rock and stone, every projecting surface, had its share of the beaming torrent, and threw its shadow on the ground. Amongst them all, Scartaris laid down his sharp-pointed angular shadow which began to move slowly in the opposite direction to that of the radiant orb.
My uncle turned too, and followed it.
At noon, being at its least extent, it came and softly fell upon the edge of the middle chimney.
“There it is! there it is!” shouted the Professor.
“Now for the centre of the globe!” he added in Danish.
I looked at Hans, to hear what he would say.
“Forüt!“ was his tranquil answer.
“Forward!” replied my uncle.
It was thirteen minutes past one.
Last updated Sunday, March 27, 2016 at 12:01 | <urn:uuid:932ba6f7-1117-4d74-a7f4-042b829cc68e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/v/verne/jules/v52jr/chapter16.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00426-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97425 | 2,345 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
versão On-line ISSN 2224-9435
versão impressa ISSN 1019-9128
MAGUBANE, Mhlengi M. et al. Fat absorption and deposition in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) fed a high fat diet. J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc. [online]. 2013, vol.84, n.1, pp.00-00. ISSN 2224-9435.
Dietary fat contributes significantly to the energy requirements of poultry. Not all species are able to increase their absorptive capacity for fats in response to a high fat diet. The effects of a high fat diet (10% canola oil) on the lipid absorption and deposition in the liver, breast and thigh muscles of male and female Japanese quail were investigated. Thirty-eight Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were randomly divided into a high fat diet (HFD) and a standard diet (STD) group. The birds were fed the diets for seven weeks after which half of the birds were subjected to oral fat loading tests (OFLT) with plant oils containing long-chain and medium-chain triglycerides. The remaining birds were included for the lipid deposition measurements. Thereafter the birds were euthanised, blood samples were collected and liver, breast and thigh muscle lipid deposition was determined. Female quail on both diets had significantly higher plasma triglyceride concentrations (p < 0.05) compared with their male counterparts. No significant differences in plasma triglyceride concentrations were observed after the OFLTs. Female quail had significantly heavier liver masses compared with the males but there was no significant difference in the liver lipid content per gram liver mass. Female quail on the HFD had higher lipid content (p < 0.05) in the breast muscle compared with their male counterparts whilst male quail on the HFD had higher lipid content (p < 0.05) in the thigh muscle in comparison with both males and females on the standard diet. Dietary supplementation with 10% canola oil did not alter gastrointestinal tract lipid absorption, but it caused differences between the sexes in muscle lipid accumulation, the physiological significance of which requires further investigation. | <urn:uuid:746e5fd7-03d4-43c5-9493-7c45b269f8c7> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1019-91282013000100013&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=en | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719843.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00293-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958065 | 471 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Apples and oranges are fruit, and you’ll find them in fruit bowls and packed lunches around the world. They’re sold in supermarkets and greengrocers, but not in fishmongers and betting shops. Some people prefer apples to oranges. They like the appleness of apples more than the orangeness of oranges. Or vice versa. Some people like both equally. But the fact you can find apples and oranges in a fruit bowl doesn’t make an apple an orange or an orange an apple.
Just like science fiction and fantasy.
Everyone knows what apples and oranges are, and they could give any number of reasons why one is not the other. Yet when it comes to science fiction and fantasy, most people can only say, “they’re fruit”. As if that’s all that matters. Of course it isn’t. Otherwise everyone would like the two genres equally – and fantasy wouldn’t outsell sf by five or seven to one.
But because sf and fantasy stories both take place in invented worlds, people lump them together. But not every sf/fantasy story has an invented setting; and not every story which takes place in an invented world is sf or fantasy. So that’s a piss-poor definition. And where do we stop with the invented elements? Robots. Dragons. FTL. Magic. What about an invented organisation? Like… SPECTRE? Are Fleming’s Bond books science fiction? Maybe it’s the degree of invention in the story, then. Like that’s not a movable bar…
The point is, when you start looking at what science fiction and fantasy have in common you soon find yourself tied in knots. However, when you consider why they’re different… then things begin to make sense. Which, logically, implies they must be different things.
So they share a “fruit bowl”, and have done since fruit bowls were invented – but they still exhibit more readily-definable differences than they do similarities. Please stop trying to insist apples are oranges, and vice versa. Accept that they are each their own thing, no matter how many fruit salads you make. | <urn:uuid:b86f5b70-6296-4676-bcd1-caf45fff6a0a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://iansales.com/2014/04/11/the-apples-and-oranges-of-genre/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00210-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951498 | 463 | 2.0625 | 2 |
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