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Part one of a two-part book review: Selling the Fountain of Youth by Arlene Weintraub
Thinking about taking the easy way out in order to feel youthful for as long as possible? It is tempting to believe that out there somewhere is the magic pill or quick fix to prevent the aging process and prolong youthful vigor. But before making any decisions, get a copy of Selling the Fountain of Youth How the Anti-Aging Industry Made a Disease Out of Getting Old – and Made Billions.
This is about becoming better informed about the perils of so-called miracle cures and the dangers of selecting savvy over science.
Journalist and scientific reporter Arlene Weintraub delves into the murky world of alternative therapies, including bioidentical hormones, in Selling the Fountain of Youth. Weintraub reveals how clever marketing is helping both the scrupulous and unscrupulous turn a tidy profit. With growing numbers of Baby Boomers facing their biggest fear – getting old – it is a perfect time to lure the desperate to a fountain of youth that is not yet truly proven to exist.
In fairness, innovation has resulted in several medical and non-medical discoveries that have enhanced and improved the lives of many. The latest proponents of the anti-aging industry, an 88 billion dollar a year industry according to Weintraub, could be on the verge of exciting frontiers. The problem is that most of these recent discoveries are as yet fully unproven because long-term studies are simply not possible at this point. Yet that has not stopped youth-worshipping patients from buying into technologies based on little more than speculation at this point.
Weintraub set out to expose the anti-aging industry not as some axe-grinding measure but as a much-needed alert to anyone considering alternative medicine. Weintraub’s argument does indicate a warning but she also avoids the temptation to bolster her point with selection bias or only looking at sources that clearly support her thesis.
Instead, Weintraub notes that traditional medicine is not without its challenges and drawbacks. Her overall warning is that regardless of any type of treatment option sought, patients should enter into their decisions after conducting some solid research and look beyond those treatments that are simply too good to be true.
Incredibly, this is where the anti-aging industry has worked into the hands of patients too busy, lazy or uninterested in taking the time to examine all aspects of various treatment options. Clever marketing and celebrity endorsement are hardly new weapons in the quest to sell products and convince consumers.
Please see part two of this review by clicking on the link below: Selling the Fountain of Youth A Weintraub.
This review copy was provided free of charge courtesy of Basic Books a Member of the Perseus Books Group
Learn more about Arlene Weintraub www.arleneweintraub.com | <urn:uuid:245768dd-ad4b-4f3c-ba5a-c99063beb1b3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bellaonline.com/ArticlesP/art18553.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00060-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942968 | 593 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Jerome H. Neyrey,
University of Notre Dame
I. AN OLDER MODEL
Bultmann reminded us that there is no such thing
as presuppositionless exegesis. We all necessarily view the world through
some lens. In the case of the Bible, this means that we all use some method
or model in reading the text, whether or not a conscious model, and whether
or not a literalist or critical reading. It is the purpose of this essay
to compare and contrast two specific methods or lenses used to examine
the conflict described in 2 Cor 10-13. The issue of model and method is
of crucial importance; for a flawed lens yields a skewed picture, and an
inadequate lens does not see enough.
The typical scholarly lens employed in reading 2 Cor 10-13 has been the historical-critical method, which in this case has attempted to understand and interpret the conflict found there in light of the history of early Christianity. The enterprise of exegesis entails history. But which model of history? For the very model of historical reconstruction is the issue I wish to address. In the case of 2 Cor 10-13, one specific pattern of historical reconstruction has long dominated critical attempts to explain the development of the New Testament, so much so that it has assumed the strength of a formal model for interpreting specific texts and issues. This historical model is that of F. C. Baur.
Baur explained the dynamics of early church history in terms of an ideological conflict between Paul and Peter, respective spokesmen for the gentile and Jerusalem churches and their presumed conflicting theologies. Baur's reconstruction is itself influenced by Reformation politics and history, in which reformers (read Paul) confronted Rome (read Peter). Baur's historical reconstruction, moreover, found conceptual legitimation in Hegel's philosophy, which suggested a dialectical model of intellectual and social dynamics consisting of three stages: thesis, antithesis, and synthesis. As applied by Baur to the New Testament, Peter and the Judaizing church of Jerusalem = thesis; Paul and the gentile churches = antithesis; and Luke-Acts a synthesis, which in this case means compromise of the key positions. In this model, Paul is cast as a protesting figure who confronted a Judaizing heresy in the mother church (Jerusalem); his opponents, then, are perceived as repressive and conservative formalists. If Paul becomes the challenging hero, the slayer of dragons, even the liberator of Jesus and the founder of Christianity, his opponents appear as benighted conservatives or heretical Judaizers. When this model of early Christian history is applied to 2 Cor 10-13, we see Paul confronted with heretical Jews--probably Jerusalem Jews and even Jews deputized by the original apostles-whose "another Jesus" and "a different gospel" are heretical doctrines of a Judaizing stamp.
What, then, will 2 Cor 10-13 look like viewed through this lens? (a) Paul is perceived as a theologian, a systematic thinker, whose gospel is "theology," not pastoral preaching. (b) Paul presents orthodox theological positions, implying that his opponents must be heterodox. (c) Paul is Saint Paul; that is, his views are unimpeachable, his actions beyond reproach, and his motives and strategies divinely authorized. This can only lead to seeing the "super-apostles" and the "false prophets" as heretics, whose "another Jesus" and "a different gospel" must be heterodox, and whose motives and tactics must be base and illegitimate. This conclusion reduces complex cultural and religious issues to simple questions of black and white, and is, moreover, uncritically prejudiced in favor of an "intellectual" Paul.
It is not the point of this study to inform the reader of the sustained and telling criticism which has been leveled against this model of New Testament history, but rather to suggest how a model can determine one's exegetical perception and how it leads one to view the text in certain ways. I suggest another model for assessing what is happening in 2 Cor 10-13, a model which may not settle specific historical issues, but which might allow us to read the text more accurately, less anachronistically, and without the distorting lens of continental polemics.
II. A NEWER MODEL
Baur's historical model took as its starting point
Paul's designation of his opponents as "super-apostles" and their "another
Jesus" as heresy. In the text, Paul labelled his opponents as "false apostles"
who disguise themselves just as Satan disguised himself as an angel of
light to seduce Eve (2 Cor 11:13-15; see 11:2-3). According to an anthropological
model which takes historical questions into account, such descriptions
of one's rivals may be labelled as "witchcraft accusations," indicating
a characteristic dynamic of rivalry and competition in certain societies.
I propose to assess 2 Cor 10-13 according to the cross-cultural model of
"witchcraft" developed by anthropologists, especially by Mary Douglas,
whose works are increasingly and successfully employed by New Testament
scholars vis-a-vis the biblical text.
Douglas' study of witchcraft accusations in diverse cultures has been synthesized into a model which seeks to describe and predict the cosmology of a given social unit and to explain how accusations of witchcraft or demonic possession function within it. As Douglas notes, witchcraft accusations indicate a certain cultural view of the world, and reflect an important mode of social behavior within that cultural context. Douglas investigates certain regular features of all social groups, which she calls "explorations in cosmology." Naturally, not all societies give the same importance to authority, roles, rituals, etc., so Douglas has been careful to sketch a typical witchcraft cosmology which encompasses specific social attitudes toward seven areas characteristic of social life: (1) purity (order/system), (2) ritual, (3) identity, (4) body, (5) sin, (6) cosmology and (7) suffering/misfortune.
A. WITCHCRAFT COSMOLOGY
Let us briefly set out the typical features of a witchcraft cosmology as described by Douglas:
1. Purity. This refers to a group's sense of right social structure, and is heavily stressed: Persons, places, things, and times are strongly classified, i.e., "a place for everything and everything in its place." Yet despite this sense of and a desire for an ordered cosmos, people feel evil attacking the borders of their structures; a pollution threatens to corrupt order and integrity.
2. Ritual. A central and characteristic activity here is boundary making and maintenance, i.e., determining who is "in" and who is "out" of the group. The threat to boundaries indicates that social energy is focused there, trying to determine where a break might have occurred and how to expel the polluting invader. Identifying the invader, however, constitutes a major problem because the group's internal classification--especially the lines defining the authority structure of the group and the social ranking of its members--are chronically ambiguous.
3. Personal Identity is dyadic; the individual's identity is basically that of a member of a group, e.g., family, clan, or village. Since the lines of internal classification are blurred, socially defined roles and social location are confused. Members of the group sense an important distinction between external appearance and internal states; things are not what they seem; deceit (witchcraft) may be at work.
4. Body. As the social body experiences controlling structures, so this is mirrored in the strong social control of the individual physical body, especially its boundaries, i.e. its surfaces and orifices. Group members sense that pollutants are attacking these boundaries, threatening corruption and evil.
5. Sin. A group with a strong sense of "purity" is also concerned with formal rules, the violation of which constitutes sin. Yet sin is perceived here primarily as a pollution which enters both individuals and the group like a disease. And since external appearances are deceitfully misleading, sin tends to be located in internal states and attitudes.
6. Cosmology. The world is perceived anthropomorphically, as causality is predicated of personal forces ("Who did this to me?"). A witchcraft cosmology sees warring forces in the cosmos, indicating a dualistic conflict of good and evil. The threatening pollution is the attack of evil "personal" forces on the good, ordered world.
7. Suffering and Misfortune. Because of cosmic, warring forces, the universe is considered unjust: the good do not necessarily prosper, and the wicked are not automatically punished. In fact, suffering is regularly attributed to these invading malevolent forces. A witchcraft cosmology, then, views the world as under seige in a dualistic and ambiguous cosmos.
B. WITCHCRAFT SOCIETY
To this general description of a witchcraft cosmology, let us add Douglas' specific features of a witchcraft society: (1) specific characteristics of witchcraft societies (2) an anthropological definition of a "witch," and (3) the social function of witchcraft accusations.
1. Specific Characteristics:(a) External boundaries are clearly marked; there is a clear sense of who belongs to the group and who does not.
(b) Yet internal relations are confused: internal lines which classify, rank, and locate people (especially hierarchical lines of authority and status) are confused.
(c) A witchcraft society is a small group, living in close and unavoidable interaction, e.g., drawing from the same well, foraging in the same forest, or shopping in the same marketsquare.
(d) Within this group, tension-relieving techniques are underdeveloped; there are no, or very weak, procedures for distancing, regulating, or reconciling conflicts.
(e) Weak authority characterizes this type of group. Access to power or status is ambiguous because the routes of access are unclear, as are the factors which legitimate acquisition of power and authority.
(f) Intense and disorderly competition best characterizes this group.
2. Anthropological Definition of a "Witch"
The cosmos is perceived in dualistic terms as an arena of warring forces. In a milieu in which pollution is attacking, there is a painful ambiguity between what is external and internal: the attacking evil is disguised as a wolf in sheep's clothing. In this context of ambiguity and deception, a "witch" may be defined as someone:From the group's point of view, pollutants which have deceptively and secretly crept into a pure body should be identified by an accusation of pollution and expelled (see 1 Cor 5: 1-13). But when such a situation is viewed from an anthropologist's point of view, a witchcraft accusation serves a different sort of function. Douglas indicates that witchcraft accusations function in terms of the intense and disorderly competition within this group. The accusation serves as an idiom of control, denigrating rivals and pulling them down in the competition for leadership. Accusations made against rivals label what appears to be a successful person as a disguised deceiver or agent of evil who is attacking the group. If successful, the accusation would force the expulsion of the alleged witch. Often, however, the label does not stick, and the rivalrous factions continue their disorderly competition for leadership in the group.(a) whose inside is corrupt,3. The Social Function of Witchcraft Accusations
(b) who is a perverted figure, a reversal of the way things should be, a deceiver whose normal appearance masks a corrupt interior,
(c) who attacks either by poisoning or soul-sucking.
III. THE NEWER MODEL APPLIED
The first step in applying Douglas' model to 2 Cor 10-13 requires searching the text for clues which might provide a fuller description of its cosmology.
1. Purity. Evidence of a strong purity system can be found in Paul's remark about "the gospel of Christ" (10:14; see 10:16), a remark which presupposes an extensive, articulated kerygma about Jesus. On one hand, Paul's use of Jer 9:24 in 10:17 suggests the continuing value of the Hebrew Scriptures as normative for Paul's world, as do the allusions to the Genesis story of Satan and Eve in 11:14. On the other hand, Christian structures are assumed in the typical reference to financial support of apostolic preachers (11:7-9; see 1 Cor 9:3-12). Paul, then, senses an orderly, structured Christian cosmos. Yet, despite his desire for an ordered world, Paul speaks of threats to it and of pollutants attacking it. He speaks, for example, of a state of warfare in which he is engaged, referring to his "weapons of warfare," his attempts to "destroy strongholds" and his "taking captive" opposing thoughts (10:4-5). The threat disturbing him most is the pollutant of heresy, i.e., the preaching of "another Jesus. ..a different gospel" (11:4), which he claims the false apostles preach to seduce the pure bride of Christ (11 :2, 13-15). Pollution threatens the physical as well as the social body. Just as the social body's unity is attacked by "quarreling, jealousy, slander," etc. (12:20), so the individual's physical body is correspondingly polluted by "impurity, immorality and licentiousness" (12:21). Paul sees the Christian world seriously imperiled by insidious forces on the attack.
2. Ritual. Belief in Jesus as God's Son, Christ, and agent of the true covenant constitutes the main boundary distinguishing Christian insiders from all others. Yet the crisis resides not at these boundaries since all parties to the dispute are "Christians." Rather, the pollution has already breached this boundary; so, the conflict resides in the ambiguous internal relationships, viz., the question of legitimated leadership. As founder of the church at Corinth, Paul repeatedly claims to be the group's head and "father" (12:14; see 1 Thess 2:11), as well as the parent who betrothed it to Christ (11: 2). The legitimacy of Paul's claims rests partly on his: (1) initial, but past, apostolic actions (2) claims of pedigree (11:22), and (3) claims to have suffered like Jesus (11:23-33; 13:3-4). (4) Covering other bases, Paul claims legitimation through heavenly revelations (12:1-4; see 1 Cor 2:6-16; Gal 1:15-16), suggesting that his role is that of a prophet, since "apostle" is a disputed role or title for him. Yet Paul has been, is, and will remain absent from this group over which he claims absolute and enduring authority. Other leaders, however, have moved into this vacuum to preach in and administer the Corinthian church. Paul denigrates these rivals in highly polemical terms, calling them "super-apostles" (11:5), "false apostles, deceitful workmen" (11:13), "boastful persons" (10:12-13; 11:16-19,22), and "seductive suitors" (11:3, 12-15). He speaks from a sense of Corinth as his turf. These rival preachers have crossed into that turf: "We are not overextending ourselves...we do not boast beyond limit in another's labors ...our field...we may preach the gospel in lands beyond you, without boasting of work already done in another's field" (10:14-16; see Rom 15:20 and 1 Cor 3:10-15). Paul, moreover, interprets the presence of rivals on his turf as a pollutant which has breached the social and individual bodies' boundaries and threatens a fatal corruption. Paul vs. "super-apostles"--the critical issue rests in the confused roles and ambiguous status of the rival preachers at Corinth, including Paul himself.
3. Personal Identity. Both Paul and his rivals are dyadic personalities, taking their identity as members of Christ's church and as servants of his gospel. More importantly, Paul readily makes keen distinctions between exterior and interior, and between appearances and reality. Paul repeats the invaders' own accusations against him, i.e., that he is duplicitous: "I 'who am humble when face to face with you, but bold when I am away'..." (10:1), and "They say 'his letters are weighty and strong, but his bodily presence is weak, and his speech is of no account' " (10:10). Paul, then, has many faces (see 1 Cor 9: 19-23). For his own part, Paul accuses his accusers of duplicity, calling them "deceitful workmen, disguising themselves as apostles of Christ" (11:13). Having compared their tactics with Satan's deceit in his seduction of Eve, Paul concludes: "It is not strange if his [Satan's] servants also disguise themselves as servants of righteousness" (11:15).
Under the rubric of personal identity, we should examine the numerous claims of Paul to be "weak." Paul occasionally claims legitimacy through boasts of charismatic strength and power (Gal 3:3-5; 1 Thess 1:5; 1 Cor 14:18); yet on the whole it would seem that his presentation of himself and his gospel was, as 2 Corinthians indicates, "weak...of no account" (2 Cor 10:10; see 1 Cor 2:1-5; Gal 4:13-14). Paul, however, boasts that appearances may be deceiving, for "weakness is strength," just as "foolishness is wisdom" (13:3-4; see 1 Cor 1:18-25). The boast of physical sufferings for the gospel in 11:23-33 is a further example of the ambiguity of appearances (see 6:4-10 and 1 Cor 4:8-13). Paul's sufferings, humiliations, and weakness become in his eyes signs of his legitimation, not of his disqualification, as seems to have been thought at Corinth (see 1 Cor 1:17; 2:3-5; 2 Cor 4:7-11). The plausible explanation for the confusion of appearance and reality most likely stems from Paul's preaching of the Crucified Christ as God's power and wisdom against the celebration of pneumatic power as the source of legitimation of authority (1 Cor 1:18-25). Yet, as Paul clearly proclaimed even of himself, things are not as they seem. Thus, Paul's own world remains fundamentally ambiguous.
4. Body. In 1 Cor 6 and 12, Paul compared the church to a physical body, a metaphor which yields in 2 Cor 11 to the church as the spotless bride of Christ. Stringent bodily control is an appropriate defensive strategy for a holy body or a spotless bride. Control takes the form of guarding the bodily orifices, especially ears (against seductive flattery, 11:4, 13-15) and genitals (where sexual pollution symbolizes doctrinal pollution). Yet Paul charges that this body is already being seduced and polluted (11:13-15).
5. Sin. Although Paul acknowledges in 1 Cor 6:9-10 that sin is the formal violation of the Ten Commandments, in 2 Cor sin is perceived primarily as pollution, seduction, and heresy (see Paul's remarks on "leaven" in 1 Cor 5:8).
6. Cosmology. Recalling Paul's sense of war in the cosmos (10:1-6), we note his thoroughly dualistic view of the cosmos completely as polarized into opposing forces of good and evil. Two warring camps are locked in mortal combat: Paul the Apostle...vs...Super Apostles/False Apostles; The Gospel of Christ...vs ...Another Jesus/ A Different Gospel; Authorized Preacher from God...vs...Unauthorized Agents from Satan; Paul vs. rival preachers; he is legitimate, they are not; his doctrine is authentic, theirs is not; his spirit is pure, theirs is demonic and polluted. He is spiritual, they are worldly; he is God's representative, they are Satan's henchmen.
7. Suffering and Misfortune. Paul sees the world as unjust. After all, God's authorized agent, Paul, suffers terribly as he preaches the gospel, while the "super-apostles" are legitimated by worldly recommendations (10:17-18), boasts (11:18), and mighty works (12:11-12). Suffering is unfair: God's agent, Paul, even on the occasion of his great revelations, was given a thorn in the flesh, a painful experience which was not suffering merited by sin (12:7-10).
The various details provided by Paul in 2 Cor 10-13 correspond quite closely to the general profile of a witchcraft society. The net impression is that of (a) a system threatened and under siege (b) a sense of pollution infiltrating boundaries (c) a cosmos where ambiguity and deceit reign, and (d) a world where evil is pervasive and of cosmic proportions. In short, Paul's is a dualistic world characterized by conflict and threat.
IV. FURTHER APPLICATIONS
Applying Douglas' model more precisely, let us
test to see if 2 Cor 10-13 displays any of the specific characteristics
of a witchcraft society. In these terms, it may be said that (a) Paul addresses
a small group whose
external boundaries are tightly drawn: they
are the church of Christ at Corinth. (b) Although all are Christians, the
internal relations are confused, as the issues of role, office,
and authority surface. Legitimation has become the overarching problem!
Paul seems always to be intensely self-conscious of this issue (see 1 Cor
9:1-2; 15:8-10; Gal 1:1). He seems to live in a state of rivalry with other
preachers (see Phil 1:15-18; I Cor 1:12; 3:4; Gal 1:6-9), indicating a
persistent problem with legitimation. (c) Paul is absent from the churches
to which he writes, an absence quite permanent despite his protestations
of an imminent return (see 1:16-17; 13:2, 10). Yet he stays in close, unavoidable
conflict through letters and emissaries to and from Corinth (I Cor
1:11; 11:18 and 16:10). (d) We have scant information about any tension-relieving
techniques for the conflicts described in his letters. How is authority
legitimated? Paul does not appeal to Jerusalem and its apostolic leadership
to validate the legitimacy of his claims (Gal 1:16-17). Paul occasionally
claims Jesus' direct designation of him as an "apostle" (I Cor 9: 1); but,
when faced with pneumatic rivals, he claims legitimation through spiritual
credentials (I Cor 2:6-16; 14:18; see 2 Cor 12:1-4). At other times, he
presents himself as a "prophet" (Gal I:15). Considerable evidence suggests
that Paul was not readily accepted as a true "apostle" on a par with the
pillars of the church (see I Cor 9:2). In I Cor 15:8-9, he speaks of himself
as the "runt of the litter," not worthy to be called an apostle. From this
we learn that Paul's identity as an apostle and legitimation of his apostolic
authority remained a continual problem. There seems to have been no definitive
criterion in Corinth (or elsewhere) for determining the legitimacy either
of the absent Paul or his present rivals. (e) Paul speaks openly of authority:
either God's authority, Christ's authority, or that of husbands (I Cor
11:3; 15:22-28); yet authority is weak in the Pauline churches.
First of all, Paul himself is absent; apparently he did not name successors,
except Stephanus (I Cor 16:15-18). Into this vacuum moved other leaders,
persons who appear to have been pneumatic, eloquent, powerful figures,
and whom Paul refused to acknowledge as legitimate, but whom he seems unable
to unseat or discredit. (f) Evidence of intense and disorderly
competition surfaces as a palpable feature of Paul's correspondence.
He battles constantly with other preachers: pneumatics, Judaizers, super-apostles,
rival preachers, Apollos, etc.
Paul regularly describes his rivals in accord with the characteristics of a witch listed by anthropologists: (a) Their inside is corrupt; they are "false" apostles (11:13) and act out of perverse motives (11:20; see Phil 1:15). (b) They are perverted figures, deceivers who mask their corruption in a show of wisdom and power: "Such men are...deceitful workmen, disguising themselves as apostles of Christ" (11: 13). They are compared with Satan who "disguised himself as an angel of light" (11: 15). They are, in effect, Satan's very agents. Paul's charges against his rivals in 11:3, 13-15 are classic examples of "witchcraft accusations" in form and function. (c) As secret witches, the rival preachers are said to attack by poisoning their victims with heresy ("another Jesus...a different gospel," 11:4). They seduce their victims, offering tainted doctrine for the truth, thus corrupting the church's "pure and sincere devotion to Christ" (11:3). From an anthropological perspective, then, Paul perceives his rivals as "witches," and labels them as such with "witchcraft accusations."
The social function of typical witchcraft accusations applies to the charges made in 2 Cor 10-13. By calling public attention to the "pollutions" of his rivals, Paul expects them to be discredited and dismissed from the church. His accusations function as an idiom of control in the competition for leadership of the Corinthian church. In the intense and disorderly competition, Paul's labeling of his rivals, if successful, would destroy them, and leave him in the field to face successive new challenges to his authority.
To say the least, Baur's historical model and Douglas' witchcraft model yield quite different readings of2 Cor 10-13. The strengths of Douglas' model are that it is cross-cultural, based on wide-ranging anthropological data, and of sufficient complexity and flexibility that it has been successfully used for analyses of witchcraft accusations past and present. It can be applied with considerable accuracy to the accusations of demonic possession in Matthew, John and 1 John as well as in early Christianity. It can explain more of the text than Baur's model; in addition, it can yield a coherent sense of the cultural dynamics of Paul's world which is not available from Baur's model. Although the word "witchcraft" may initially sound disturbing, the model reveals typical mythological codes of perception, and allows us to glimpse the inner social dynamics of a group which employs such language and symbols. The model's significance for Paul, moreover, finds support in more traditional, contemporary Pauline scholarship: (a) instead of considering him a systematic theologian, Paul is better viewed as a pastoral preacher with a flexible message (1 Cor 9: 19-23); (b) his letters are not so much systematic theological tracts as occasional pieces written in response to a wide range of specific situations and issues; (c) he often expresses himself in hyperbole, exaggerating and overstating issues; (d) he was by no means the enemy of Peter or the Jerusalem church, as his collection for the poor in Jerusalem clearly indicates. Even if it cannot solve specific historical problems, Douglas' model allows us to see more accurately into the social dynamics of Paul's world, and so should be a welcome contribution to the quest for the historical Paul.
1982 Essays on Paul. Philadelphia: Westminster 60-207.
1963 "Techniques in Sorcery Control," Witchcraft and Sorcery in East Africa (ed. J. F. M. Middleton and E. H. Winter). London: Routledge and Kegan Paul 123-41.
1967 "Witch Beliefs in Central Africa," Africa 37 72-80.
1970 "Thirty Years after Witchcraft, Oracles and Magic," Witchcraft Confessions and Accusations. New York: Tavistock xiii-xxxviii.
1982 Natural Symbols. Explorations in Cosmology. New York: Pantheon.
Douglas, Mary and Wildavsky, Aaron
1983 Risk and Culture. Berkeley: U. California Press.
Furnish, Victor Paul
1984 II Corinthians. Anchor Bible 32A; Garden City: Doubleday.
1964 Die Gegner des Paulus im 2. Korinthcrbrief. Neukirchen- Vluyn.
1973 St. Paul's Opponents and Their Background. Leiden: Brill.
Isenberg, Sheldon and Owen, Dennis
1977 "Bodies Natural and Contrived: The Works of Mary Douglas," RSR 31-16. Kee, Doyle
1980 "Who Were the 'Super-Apostles' of2 Corinthians 10-13?" RQ 2365-76. Mair, Lucy
1969 Witchcraft. New York: McGraw-Hill.
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Jerome H. Neyrey | <urn:uuid:b0d852f8-391f-4674-a40a-9b4b4b5de94d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www3.nd.edu/~jneyrey1/2CorWitch.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00532-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94409 | 6,231 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Having become the enabler of a market of devices and services worth 1.5 T$ p.a., MPEG is a big achievement, but is that a climax or the starting point aiming at new highs?
This is a natural question to ask for a group that calls itself “MPEG Future”. The future is still to be written and the success of MPEG will largely depend on the ability of those who attempt to write it.
This article will try and analyse the elements of an answer though the following steps:
- The MPEG machine as it has been running for several years
- The key success factors
- The situation today
- What’s next to make MPEG bigger.
The MPEG machine: input, processing and output
To understand if MPEG can be bigger the first thing to do is to understand how could MPEG reach this point. I will start doing that by considering a simplified model of the MPEG standards ecosystem that I believe is what has made MPEG the big thing that we know (Figure 1.
Figure 1: The current MPEG standard ecosystem
The MPEG machine has three iterative phases of operation
- MPEG receives inputs from 3 sources:
- MPEG members
- Partners, i.e. committees who may be interested in developing a joint standard
- Customers, typically committees or industry associations who may need a standard in an area for which MPEG has expertise.
- MPEG processes inputs and may decide
- To start an exploration by studying use cases and requirements, or by exploring technologies
- To develop a new MPEG standard, if the exploration is successful
- To extend or correct an existing standard.
- MPEG generates outputs
- To the industry at large, by announcing its work plan, milestones of the work plan such as Calls for Proposal, events such as workshops, results of verification tests etc.
- To communicate to partners and customers about how MPEG is handling their inputs or to seek their opinion or to propose new initiatives
- To inform partners and customers of the progress of its standard and eventually making standards available.
MPEG’s key success factors
These are the main success factors of MPEG’s handling of the business of standardisation.
- Search for customers. MPEG started with the vision of “digital media standards for a global market” but it did not have – and still does not have – a “constituency” whose interest it was expected to further. It assembled the expertise required to implement its vision, but needed to find buyers for its standards. Finding customers is the main element of MPEG’s DNA.
- Customer care. Each industry has its own requirements, some shared with others. MPEG needed to find both the common denominator of requirements and the industry-specific requirements, and to design solutions where all industries could operate unencumbered by the requirements of others.
- Integrated standards. MPEG has been able to develop complete digital media solutions without leaving its customers struggling with the task of making different pieces from different sources work together. Still the single parts can be individually used.
- The role of research. MPEG has been a magnet attracting the best researchers in digital media from both industry and academia and is influencing many research programs.
- New customers without losing old ones. With MPEG-2, MPEG had “acquired” the broadcasting industry, but with MPEG-4 it acquired the IT and mobile industry. MPEG succeeded in providing the same standards to both industries even though they were more and more in competition. This has continued in other areas of MPEG standardisation.
- Strategic plans. MPEG has developed its program of work through collaboration with its client industries. MPEG does not have a centralised “strategic planning” function, but this function is part of its modus operandi.
- Business model. Companies participating in MPEG know that good technologies are rewarded by royalties and that they should invest in technologies for future standards.
The situation today
The MPEG operation has seen many years of successes, but the context has greatly changed.
- MPEG has an impressive portfolio of standards actively used by a global number of loyal customers.
- The media industry has greatly expanded in scope and its members are becoming more diverse.
- MPEG values the requirements of its customers but there are so many technologies fighting for dominance
- There is an increasing percentage of MPEG members who come from research/academia or are NPEs
- Acquiring new customers in new areas is getting more and more onerous
- Many work items in the strategic plan heavily depend on technologies whose development path is unclear
- The MPEG business model is still an asset, but may no longer serve the needs of a significant part of MPEG customers.
And now, what?
MPEG Future strives to facilitate the creation of a new environment that will enable the development of standards for media compression and distribution and their adoption for ever more pervasive media-related user experiences.
What should be the principal axes of the new MPEG age advocated by MPEG Future?
Technology? Sure, mastering technology for top performing standards remains important to MPEG, but commonality and synergies of technologies is not the issue. MPEG has a large and dedicated group of experts who explore the implications of new technologies (more is better, but it is not the issue).
Market? Sure, market is important. Companies may be reluctant to talk too much about market but making standards that are driven by research and academia is not the way to go.
The principal axis of the next phase of MPEG work should focus on how market players want to package technologies – that MPEG Future obviously advocates to be standard – to serve market needs.
MPEG Future envisages that a new group called Market Needs be created in MPEG in its new status of subcommittee, next to the existing Technical Requirements group. The latter should continue to explore the technology side of new ideas, while the former should monitor the relevance of new ideas as enabled by technology, to market reality. The new form of the MPEG standards ecosystem is depicted in Figure 2.
Figure 2: The neW MPEG standard ecosystem
There are two main challenges for the new MPEG standards ecosystem
- A Market Needs group populated with industry leaders
- A modus operandi where inputs from Market Needs to Technical Requirements enrich the technical exploration and results from Technical Requirements to Market Needs are used to strengthen the market value of the a new idea.
MPEG is well placed to create an effective Market Needs group because of its network of partners and customers and is well placed to extend its modus operandi with an effective Market Needs – Technical Requirements interaction. After all MPEG has spent its last 30 years incorporating new communities. The Market Needs community is of a new type, but this makes the challenge all the more enticing…
Posts in this thread
- MPEG is a big thing. Can it be bigger?
- MPEG: vision, execution,, results and a conclusion
- Who “decides” in MPEG?
- What is the difference between an image and a video frame?
- MPEG and JPEG are grown up
- Standards and collaboration
- The talents, MPEG and the master
- Standards and business models
- On the convergence of Video and 3D Graphics
- Developing standards while preparing the future
- No one is perfect, but some are more accomplished than others
- Einige Gespenster gehen um in der Welt – die Gespenster der Zauberlehrlinge
- Does success breed success?
- Dot the i’s and cross the t’s
- The MPEG frontier
- Tranquil 7+ days of hard work
- Hamlet in Gothenburg: one or two ad hoc groups?
- The Mule, Foundation and MPEG
- Can we improve MPEG standards’ success rate?
- Which future for MPEG?
- Why MPEG is part of ISO/IEC
- The discontinuity of digital technologies
- The impact of MPEG standards
- Still more to say about MPEG standards
- The MPEG work plan (March 2019)
- MPEG and ISO
- Data compression in MPEG
- More video with more features
- Matching technology supply with demand
- What would MPEG be without Systems?
- MPEG: what it did, is doing, will do
- The MPEG drive to immersive visual experiences
- There is more to say about MPEG standards
- Moving intelligence around
- More standards – more successes – more failures
- Thirty years of audio coding and counting
- Is there a logic in MPEG standards?
- Forty years of video coding and counting
- The MPEG ecosystem
- Why is MPEG successful?
- MPEG can also be green
- The life of an MPEG standard
- Genome is digital, and can be compressed
- Compression standards and quality go hand in hand
- Digging deeper in the MPEG work
- MPEG communicates
- How does MPEG actually work?
- Life inside MPEG
- Data Compression Technologies – A FAQ
- It worked twice and will work again
- Compression standards for the data industries
- 30 years of MPEG, and counting?
- The MPEG machine is ready to start (again)
- IP counting or revenue counting?
- Business model based ISO/IEC standards
- Can MPEG overcome its Video “crisis”?
- A crisis, the causes and a solution
- Compression – the technology for the digital age | <urn:uuid:7ed24d71-5af5-4462-9dae-c8c0511c7402> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.chiariglione.org/mpeg-is-a-big-thing-can-it-be-bigger/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.92791 | 1,939 | 1.773438 | 2 |
RCMP serious crime teams in Coquitlam and Ridge Meadows are cooperating on an investigation into the death of Port Coquitlam teen Amanda Todd.
In a press release issued Friday, the Lower Mainland District RCMP Regional Police Service stated that police are conducting interviews and reviewing any potential contributing factors to her death, including social media. Police are asking anyone with pertinent information to share it via email, Investigators are asking the public to share a description of the pertinent information, their name and contact information at: AmandaTODDinfo@rcmp-grc.gc.ca.
Todd, who produced a video describing how bullying and harassment against her led to self-harm and depression, was found dead in Port Coquitlam on Wednesday. She was 15 years old and in Grade 10.
Coquitlam RCMP, as well as School District 43, are talking with the family, which has told police they will not be communicating with the media.
Todd was reported have transferred to CABE (Coquitlam Alternative Basic Education School) in February and a press statement from the school will be issued shortly.
“This is a devastating tragedy, which impacts the community as a whole. Our deepest sympathies go out to the family and friends of this young person,” said Sergeant Peter Thiessen, spokesperson for the Lower Mainland District RCMP regional Police Service.
Sgt. Thiessen acknowledged there is significant concern within schools, the community and the broader public regarding the role bullying could have played in her death but says it is too soon for police to comment.
“However, BC RCMP has publicly stated in the past that bullying ranks second, behind substance abuse, for youth issues identified as concerns by our detachments,” says Sgt. Peter Thiessen.
He reminds the community that many can play a role in helping to keep schools free of bullies and to report any acts of bullying or assist those who are victims of bullying.
Parents should always try to keep open lines of communication with their children so they are comfortable coming forward if they are being bullied at school.
A number of resources are available to youth and their parents through the www.deal.org website. These include facts on what bullying is, why people bully and who they target and how parents can deal with their child, whether they are being bullied or are the ones doing the bullying. Other recommended resources include www.bullying.org or www.cyberbullying.ca.
Across School District 43, schools are grappling with the news of Todd's death, but students at the school she attended most recently are particularly devastated and counsellors are there today to help with their grief, according to SD43 spokesperson Cheryl Quinton.
Notes also went home to parents Thursday informing them of the tragedy.
"I think in an aftermath of any tragedy, it gives schools an opportunity to create a discussion point," Quinton said. "The various initiatives to deal with anti-bullying will continue and schools will continue to look at ways to implement further programming.:
In fact, a panel presentation on bullying had already been planned for Oct. 24 at Terry Fox Theatre and Quinton said Todd's death has heightened awareness, with more people coming forward to offer help and attend the event.
"People are saying how can I get involved?"
Quinton said Todd's family is considering setting up a trust fund and she will send out information when it becomes available.
On social media sites such as Twitter, people suggested anti-bullying events in conjunction with Pink Shirt Day and, in Coquitlam, a grad his hoping to collect funds for an Amanda fund at 2 p.m. outside CABE on Wednesday and a candle light vigil for Amanda Todd is being suggested for Nov. 27.
OUTPOURING OF GRIEF
Since her death, an outpouring of grief has made its way on to various social media sites.
A Facebook page called R.I.P. Amanda Todd had close to 47,000 likes by Friday afternoon while another Facebook group called "Amanda Todd Inspiring Many to Stand Taller for Others Like Her" had 1,254 members.
"My daughter was bullied by other girls in school and she dropped out and has anxiety and migraines and doesn't hardly go anywhere," said Darla Cruickshank in a post on one of the pages. "Those girls graduated and are going on with their lives! It isn't fair!"
Thousands of tweets mentioned the Port Coquitlam teenager and news organizations from around the world, including CNN, the Daily Mail and ABC News, reported her death. | <urn:uuid:b9ce7509-4b65-47c5-8a1c-a363ee96a45a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bclocalnews.com/news/173965791.html?mobile=true | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00560-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97391 | 945 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Since not all animal health problems can be caught through a physical exam, we pride ourselves in having the best laboratory and diagnostic facilities in the veterinary industry. We have a vast array of laboratory tests and diagnostic equipment that help us give you the most accurate picture of your pet’s health. Making sure we have this equipment not only makes our hospital better, it ensures that your pet has the best care possible, as quickly as possible.
Among the common types of diagnostic testing is the in-house cytology. Cytologies can be performed on the skin or the ears and determines whether the infection your pet is experiencing is due to yeast or bacteria. Other diagnostic tests, such as blood work and urinalyses, are increasingly important for your aging pet as well. They can also help uncover growing problems in your adult pet. Intestinal parasite tests, or “fecals,” are helpful as a diagnostic tool and a routine check for microscopic parasites. | <urn:uuid:a360b07f-729c-467b-9a17-b2ff265885a7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://critterfixerveterinaryhospital.com/diagnostic-lab-testing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.956685 | 195 | 1.929688 | 2 |
Established in 1935, the Bentley Historical Library and its collections include some language and content that may be harmful or difficult to encounter. These records span the history of the University of Michigan (founded in 1817), the state of Michigan, the United States, and their respective engagements with the world. It is our charge to preserve and make available these historical records to the public. As a result, some collections reflect outdated, biased, offensive, and possibly violent views and opinions. In addition, some materials may relate to violent or graphic events and are preserved for their historical significance and not from any endorsement of such views or events.
The Bentley Historical Library and its staff stand against marginalization, oppression, and bias in its many forms and one way we look to combat this is by addressing exclusionary collection descriptions. We acknowledge that the language and structures used to describe these collections are not neutral. Currently many of our collection descriptions, including (but not limited to) catalog records, finding aids, databases, digitized collections, and exhibitions, are based on established systems and standards that often uphold and perpetuate many forms of oppression and bias.
Moving forward we are dedicated to revising and updating our descriptive language, and to describing archival materials in a manner that is respectful to the individuals and communities who create, use and are represented in the collections we manage. We are in the process of correcting and remediating use of offensive and harmful language and content in existing descriptions of archival materials. But with thousands of finding aids and catalog records, this is an ongoing process and will take time.
Additionally, when new archival collections are prepared for research (that is, organized, described in finding aids, and cataloged) archivists face choices about the words and language used to describe the archival contents (for example, documents, letters, and photographs) as well as the people and organizations who created or are represented in the collection. As a result, while we create description in finding aids, they can also reflect language that was used by the people and organizations that created the material. For example, maintaining the titles of folders in a collection is a common practice because it provides important context about the materials.
Nevertheless we strive to:
- Examine and remediate offensive or harmful language used in descriptions of resources where we as the Bentley Historical Library have agency to make the change.
- Push to eliminate oppression and bias embedded in descriptions by supporting the use of community-accepted alternative vocabularies in local descriptions.
- Work with community partners to help identify vocabulary in collection descriptions that causes harm and find replacement terminology.
- Promote anti-racist collection development strategies.
- Facilitate access to collection materials in a way that supports users.
This is an ongoing process and if you do encounter problematic or offensive language in catalog records, digitized collections, finding aids, exhibitions, or elsewhere, or if you have questions or suggestions, please contact us at:
This statement was developed by the Bentley Historical Library’s Potentially Harmful Language and Content Committee and is based on similar statements and efforts at the University of Michigan William L. Clements Library, NARA, Princeton University, Temple University, and University of Michigan Library. | <urn:uuid:70ac75ac-842e-41bc-aa13-3a9b94587a38> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bentley.umich.edu/research/statement-on-potentially-harmful-language-and-content/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.940037 | 670 | 2.953125 | 3 |
In nine days’ time the European Commission will cease to exist. The new Commission will be chosen by the new President in consultation with member states, in time for them all to stand before the European Parliament to be approved of in September.
There is one problem, however: with nine days to go, there seems to be no agreement as to who the next President of the Commission is to be. France and Germany want Guy Verhofstadt of Belgium, mainly because that would annoy Britain and many of the new members, who are not behaving with due decorum and, of course, will cause a major headache in the United States.
Not that the Americans are likely to recognize the name, but they will recall that the Prime Minister of Belgium announced very soon after the attacks on the World Trade Centre and the Pentagon that the war against terror had nothing to do with America’s allies. They and their NATO allies will also recall that Verhofstadt has been vociferous in his calls for an autonomous euro-army, outside NATO control. Presumably, Belgium proposes to play a significant part in that army.
The rest of us can simply remember that Verhofstadt’s main political aim, on his own account, was to destroy the main opposition party in the Flemish part of the country, the Vlaams Blok, which has been going from strength to strength in the voters’ estimation.
Britain rather half-heartedly proposed Chris Patten, who was rejected because his French is not up to the required standard and because he is British. That has become quite clear with Chancellor Schröder’s spokesman expressing the view that “non-core” countries should not have a say in who becomes President of the Commission.
One assumes that “non-core” means not being part of the eurozone – there are now thirteen countries in that category – and not being part of Schengen – which is a moveable feast, with countries opting in and out of parts of it. As it happens, this is against the EU rules, as they stand. It also annoys a number of smaller countries, who are growing more and more irate with the high-handed attitude of the Franco-German axis.
There are one or two other contenders, most of whom seem to be Portuguese, which is, presumably, a coincidence. Then there is Bertie Ahern. EU leaders are so grateful for his incredible efforts that produced the agreement last week in Brussels that he seems to command more support than anyone else. There is just one problem: mindful, perhaps, of the way Presidents of the Commission have been chewed up and spat out by the politics of the Union, Mr Ahern insists that he wants none of that “grinning honour”, as Falstaff put it. | <urn:uuid:de23ebe6-85b9-44b3-a13a-8de47103af7e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://eureferendum.blogspot.com/2004/06/only-nine-days-to-go.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00075-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.982385 | 575 | 1.585938 | 2 |
The former Cassidian test pilot Heinz Spoelgen and his professional colleague Lieutenant Colonel Robert Hierl from the Bundeswehr Technical Centre (WTD) 61, located in Manching, described the flight at that time as a highlight of their flying careers. “After taking part in a large number of tests on Eurofighter prototypes and series production aircraft equipped with test instrumentation, it was a big challenge for us to get our hands on the first aircraft destined for the Luftwaffe,” Spoelgen emphasised. “The 41-minute flight in the two-seater aircraft completely met our expectations and proceeded without any complications,” Lt. Col. Hierl added.
One day later, on 14 February 2003, the first British and Italian series production Eurofighter aircraft also took off on their first flights from BAE Systems in Warton and Alenia Aermacchi in Turin. The Spanish ST001 followed on 17 February from Cassidian in Getafe.
About CASSIDIAN (www.cassidian.com)
Cassidian, an EADS company, is a worldwide leader in global security solutions and systems, providing Lead Systems Integration and value-added products and services to civil and military customers around the globe: air systems (aircraft and unmanned aerial systems), land, naval and joint systems, intelligence and surveillance, cyber security, secure communications, test systems, missiles, services and support solutions. In 2011, Cassidian – with around 23,000 employees – achieved revenues of € 5.8 billion. EADS is a global leader in aerospace, defence and related services. In 2011, the Group – comprising Airbus, Astrium, Cassidian and Eurocopter – generated revenues of € 49.1 billion and employed a workforce of more than 133,000.
CASSIDIAN – Defending World Security
Tel.: +49 (0)8459. 81-8 04 82 | <urn:uuid:71a9b80d-be7e-4879-89c3-e696d6ed9252> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.eurofighter.com/news-and-events/2013/02/info-ten-years-ago-the-first-series-production-eurofighter-takes-off-on-its-first-flight-from-cassidian | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.936924 | 408 | 1.546875 | 2 |
The trogoniformes contains only one family (Trogonidae) with 7 genera and 43 species. It is a small order of brightly coloured birds found in most tropical countries except Australasia. The exact number of species is not finally defined yet, but it is around 43, these are divided between 7 genera and 1 family, Trogonidae. Commonly they are known as Trogons and are one of the most colourful orders of birds. The Resplendent Quetzal, Pharomachrus mocinno, is the national bird of Guatemala. It was believed to be of divine origin by the Aztecs and it was an offence to kill one. Trogoniform species are distributed throughout central and southern Africa, Southeast Asia, Central America, and north and central South America. Trogons usually live in tropical forests, being found from rainforests to tropical woodlands. Most species are scattered within the tropics and subtropics, usually inhabiting the middle elevations of forests. On the northern and southern edges of their habitat, trogons live in drier climates including thorn forests, bamboo thickets, and savannas (flat grasslands). Hunters and collectors have targeted trogons for their brilliant tail feathers. Trogans, especially the quetzal, have often been given special status among ancient peoples. Trogons are relatively common but are still adversely affected by habitat destruction from humans. Ten trogons are identified as Near Threatened, in danger of becoming threatened with extinction, on the World Conservation Union (IUCN) Red List in 2002. | <urn:uuid:0a49c2df-985f-409a-ac6d-190b4aff4ffa> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.avibirds.com/orders/trogons.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00451-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960335 | 324 | 4.09375 | 4 |
At the front of a bus, previously reserved for white riders, is Rosa Parks, face turned to the window to her left, seemingly lost in thought as she rides through Montgomery, Ala. In the seat behind her is a young white man looking to his right, his face hard, almost expressionless. The two, the only figures visible on the bus, seem a few inches and a universe apart, each seemingly looking at and for something utterly different.
Everyone knows her. No one knows him.
Except for Catherine Chriss, his daughter. And, like his identity, hidden in plain sight, unknown even to the veterans of that era still living, what's most telling about the real story of the black woman and the white man is how much of what we think we know is what we read into the picture, not what's there.
The man on the bus, Nicholas C. Chriss, was not some irritated Alabama segregationist preserved for history but a reporter working at the time for United Press International out of Atlanta. He died of an aneurysm at 62 in 1990. Mrs. Parks died at 92 on Oct. 24, a few weeks short of the 50th anniversary of her refusal to give up her seat on the bus to a white man.
Ms. Chriss, a journalist now raising her three young daughters, wrote a poem last month about the picture and the way her father became "the white man. The angry man. The one who looks like he's a banker. But isn't."
In the last few years, she's been amazed at how visible the picture has become.
"It's everywhere," said Ms. Chriss, whose family moved to Ridgewood from California in 2004. "Apple used it in their campaign, 'Think Different.' A friend called and said she saw the poster on the bus, the whole bus. It's on the bus my daughter Alison takes to school now. When Alison was in second grade, her classroom had that border with African-American heroes and leaders and there's the picture. She told her teacher that was her granddad up there. She didn't believe her."
Mr. Chriss, who also worked for The Los Angeles Times and The Houston Chronicle, publicly disclosed his role in the picture just once. It was three paragraphs in the middle of a 2,183-word article he wrote for The Chronicle in 1986 about his experiences covering the civil rights movement.
He explained that the picture was taken on Dec. 21, 1956, the day after the United States Supreme Court ruled Montgomery's segregated bus system illegal. (Actually, the ruling had come a month earlier, but it was not until Dec. 20 that the district court entered the order putting it into effect.) He said that he boarded the bus in downtown Montgomery and that he and Mrs. Parks were the only riders up front.
He wrote: "It was a historic occasion. I was then with the United Press International wire service. A UPI photographer took a picture of Mrs. Parks on the bus. It shows a somber Mrs. Parks seated on the bus looking calmly out the window. Seated just behind her is a hard-eyed white man.
"Each anniversary of that day, this photograph is brought out of musty files and used in various publications around the world. But to this day no one has ever made clear that it was a reporter, I, covering this event and sitting behind Mrs. Parks, not some sullen white segregationist! It was a great scoop for me, but Mrs. Parks had little to say. She seemed to want to savor the event alone."
But his role in the picture was not included in his obituary, and interviews with almost a dozen veterans of that era - historians; reporters; photographers; book publishers; the Montgomery civil rights lawyer, Fred Gray, who represented Mrs. Parks in court - did not turn up a single one who knew the man's identity.
Still, if little known, the history of the picture is explored in at least one source, the biography of Rosa Parks by Douglas Brinkley, first published in 2000 as part of the Penguin Lives series of biographies.
Mr. Brinkley said Mrs. Parks told him that she had left her home at the Cleveland Courts housing project specifically for a picture on a bus, and that the idea was for her to be seated in the front of the bus with a white man behind. Similar photo opportunities were arranged for the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and others during the day, he said.
Mr. Chriss then agreed to sit behind her for the purpose of the picture. Mr. Brinkley does not identify Mr. Chriss in the book and says that a reporter and two photographers from Look magazine arranged for the picture. He said Mrs. Parks told him she was reluctant to take part in the picture, but both the journalists and members of the civil rights community wanted an image that would dramatize what had occurred.
"It was completely a 100 percent staged event," Mr. Brinkley said. "There was nothing random about it."
But then the images and history of that era, so stark and powerful on their own, are seldom so simple. For starters, many people assume the famous picture of Mrs. Parks captures the events of Dec. 1, 1955, when she refused to give up her seat on a packed bus to a white man. Not true.
The other famous images of her, a mug shot and a picture of her being fingerprinted, don't date to Dec. 1, 1955, either. They were taken on Feb. 22, 1956, after about 100 black Montgomery residents were indicted on charges that they violated a local antiboycott statute.
Mrs. Parks was not the first black bus rider in Montgomery to refuse to give up her seat. Two other women, Claudette Colvin and Mary Louise Smith, had done it in previous months, but Mrs. Parks's case became the one the legal challenge was based upon. The triumphant case from Montgomery that declared the city's segregated bus system illegal was not based on her case, but on that of four other plaintiffs, including Ms. Colvin and Ms. Smith.
And rather than a simple seamstress who dared to "think different," Mrs. Parks was a longtime N.A.A.C.P. activist who went to the famous Highlander Folk School to learn about social change and lunched regularly with Mr. Gray, the civil rights lawyer.
None of that diminishes the achievement or her life, just as, perhaps, the true story of the picture need not detract from its power. It's just a reminder that history is almost always more complicated and surprising than the images that most effectively tell its story.
Mr. Gray, now 74, says the picture reflects reality even if the moment it captures wasn't entirely real.
"What it says is true," he said, "that 381 days of walking had accomplished something historic so that instead of her getting up to give a white man her seat, instead the white man was sitting behind her on the bus. It was staged, but I don't think it inaccurately represented anything."
He added: "There have been so many misstatements and inaccuracies about the whole movement, to see something staged does not bother me at all."
In the end, the reality of the picture may be a matter more for journalists than historians to ponder - staging a picture today without identifying the participants would be viewed as unethical, but it was more acceptable then.
Ms. Chriss, who said she always thought the picture was, in effect, a photo-op, said she thought her father's identity should be known, not to give him a spot in history and certainly not to detract from the picture's power, but because in the end it tells what really happened in a picture that's become a part of history in itself.
"I wanted people to know there was a story behind the man and a story behind the photograph," she said. "I don't think he'd care about being known. It's not a photo about him. But it makes me proud to know he was a big part of history. Without him, that would not be the photo that wakes everyone up to the changes in our history." | <urn:uuid:705e27f6-0c1d-44c3-b75a-ce1855b9ea4d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://plaintruthmagazine.blogspot.com/2010/08/man-behind-rosa-parks.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00167-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.986273 | 1,706 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Radiation therapy uses high energy x-rays to destroy cancer cells. Special tools and dosing will help to kill as much of the cancer as possible while minimizing the effect on nearby healthy tissue. A radiation oncologist will customize the treatment dose for individual needs.
For lung cancer, radiation therapy may be used in combination with chemotherapy (called chemoradiation). The combination of chemotherapy and radiation is often more effective in shrinking lung tumors and extending life than either treatment alone.
Radiation therapy may also be given: Before surgery to shrink the tumor and minimize the amount of tissue that has to be removedAfter surgery to kill any remaining cancerous tissueFor metastatic cancer to relieve symptoms and extend survival time
There are many different radiation machines used for external radiation therapy based on the size of the tumor, surrounding tissue, and type of cancer. The radiation oncologist will discuss options, doses, and frequency of radiation so that the highest amount of radiation can be delivered to the cancer with as little impact on healthy tissue as possible.
External beam radiation is often given daily over the course of several weeks.
Radiation of a Tumor
Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
Delivery methods help to deliver the maximum amount of radiation possible to the tumor while minimizing exposure to healthy surrounding tissue. Methods to improve delivery include:
3D conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT)—Imaging tests are used to map the lungs. Once the tumor is located, radiation beams are directed at it from different angles.Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)—A computerized machine rotates around the patient to deliver radiation to the tumor site. Dosage can be weakened or strengthened depending on the target tissue. Another type of IMRT that can be used is called volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT).Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT)—Mainly used for early stage lung cancer. It may be used when surgery cannot be done or the patient chooses not to have it.Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS)—Stereotactic radiosurgery is a type of external radiation therapy that can deliver radiation in a very precise location. This allows delivery of higher doses of radiation because it can precisely deliver it to the tumor and not healthy tissue. The precise delivery may also require fewer doses than traditional radiation therapy.
It is used in patients who have one tumor that has spread to the brain. In some cases, it may be used at the same time as surgery.
This is also called internal radiation therapy. Radioactive material in a specialized container is placed near the tumor. This allows a higher dose of radiation to be delivered directly to the tumor. It is generally used to treat tumors that are obstructing the airway. The material is placed during a bronchoscopy, a procedure that threads a lighted tube into the nose or mouth and down the trachea to the tumor site.
Complications of radiation therapy to the chest and abdominal areas may include:
Sore throatShortness of breath or other breathing problemsPain or difficulty during swallowing, which may make it hard to eatCough
A variety of treatments are available to help manage side effects of radiation therapy, such as dry, irritated skin, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue due to anemia. Sometimes adjustments to treatment doses may also be possible. The earlier side effects are addressed, the more likely they will be controlled with a minimum of discomfort.
Lung cancer (non-small cell). American Cancer Society website. Available at: http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/cid/documents/webcontent/003115-pdf.pdf. Accessed July 28, 2016.
Lung cancer (small cell). American Cancer Society website. Available at: http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/cid/documents/webcontent/003116-pdf.pdf. Accessed July 28, 2016.
Radiation therapy. American Lung Association website. Available at: http://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/lung-cancer/diagnosing-and-treating/radiation-therapy.html. Accessed July 28, 2016.
Treatment option overview. National Cancer Institute website. Available at: http://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/patient/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq#section/_164. Updated July 8, 2016. Accessed July 28, 2016.
Treatment option overview. National Cancer Institute website. Available at:
http://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/patient/small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq#section/_92. Updated July 7, 2016. Accessed July 28, 2016.
Last reviewed September 2016 by Mohei Abouzied, MD, FACP
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
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All of Google’s products are about to get smarter. The company is in the final stages of acquiring artificial intelligence company DeepMind, a London-based business founded by child chess prodigy and neuroscientist Demis Hassabis, for $400 million.
The buy is described by Recode sources as a “talent acquisition,” and the company’s workforce is apparently impressive enough that Google CEO Larry Page led the deal himself. Prior to its purchase, DeepMind was aggressively recruiting top-tier AI researchers, and had secured more than $50 million in funding.
As part of the deal, Google has agreed to establish an ethics board to ensure DeepMind’s technologies aren’t abused. That’s a consolation the company may have had to make in order to beat Facebook, which began considering an acquisition of DeepMind last year.
Though Google confirmed the deal, the company failed to specify what it hoped to accomplish with DeepMind’s staff and technology. A cursory glance at DeepMind’s website, though, reveals that it was developing AI applications for e-commerce and games. Those areas, along with current and future moonshots, are bound to see improvements. | <urn:uuid:fb41e243-666b-4ff2-bb6e-ba613885d4f0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.droid-life.com/2014/01/27/google-buys-artificial-intelligence-company-deepmind-for-a-reported-400-million/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00185-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962958 | 251 | 1.773438 | 2 |
I love Anne, and I love what she says about theatre being an immediate experience with the unfamiliar.But I'm not so sure I totally agree with the cell-phone phobia that inspired the insights.I think people simply don't know how to experience art directly, approach it openly or just take it in to see what it is for itself without putting their own take on it - even if this means "taking it" with them in the form of a picture or video to be broadcast later on YouTube.I'm not sure where this trend will lead. Certainly, art has been trivialized in a way by how accessible it has become through reproductive technology. But others are experiencing it differently and I don't know if that's altogether bad.
YEah. I wonder for some people if it's not a case of wanting to take the experience away with them. Souvenirs. There is nothing wrong with souvenirs.
It's an interesting phenomenon.... we seem to live in a cut and paste world (a phrase I will make a t-shirt out of someday). It's hard not to live there these days.
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Thought for the Week - 7th MarchPastor Gareth Watkins
to the land which I am giving to them”
We also look to our leaders at times when our sight is shortened. We seek their counsel because we trust God has appointed them to that position. Moses was appointed to lead the people of Israel, and God still appoints leaders to care for our spiritual walk and steer us in the right direction.
When Moses died, God commissioned Joshua to lead His people to the promised land. Now this was no easy undertaking for Joshua, he would have to lead an entire nation across the Jordan. God had promised ‘’as I was with Moses, so I will be with you. I will not leave you nor forsake you.’’ (v5). It was only in this commission and promise that Joshua could go forth and lead.
It perhaps was no easy ask of the people either, they wouldn’t have known how they would survive. They would have had to place their full trust in Joshua to lead them across the river in faith that God had anointed him and would provide a safe path. Though they would not have known what lay ahead, they did know the providing hand of God among them. He had kept and sustained them for 40 years in the wilderness.
The children of Israel had to trust God and make a deliberate choice to follow Joshua.
Sadly, the church at large look less and less for God’s anointing on their leaders. We can get caught up in our likes or dislikes of character, what qualifications they have, or background they’re from. These things, if allowed, can cloud our view or even fuel our rebellion. But when we know they are anointed, we can surely trust that they will lead us safely on.
I imagine at the edge of the Jordan there would have been some that doubted Joshua and, in that moment, would have had to put their personal views aside and simply choose to follow despite what they thought or felt.
It can sometimes seem as though the Jordan stands between us and where we are meant to be.
Will you trust and follow, or be left behind on the river bank?
These are unsettled times. We don’t know what the future will bring but God has promised to be with us. Let us remember all He has done, and trust in all that is to come, as we choose to be led on the path ahead. He will not leave us, nor forsake us. | <urn:uuid:7584c77c-368f-440a-bdac-30955257ff13> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://struthers-neath.org/thought-for-the-week-07-03-22-pastor-gareth-watkins/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.989535 | 523 | 2.078125 | 2 |
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I just read an article titled “Five Healthy Habits that Fight the Signs of Aging.” It was written by a woman who recently turned 40. As my southern friends would say, “Bless her heart.”
Basically, the author advises eating healthy and wearing sunscreen. Go ahead, sweetie, keep believing. If you only knew. It’s better that you don’t. Actually, it’s better that none of us do. Some days, the mystery of the unknown is what keeps us going.
As someone who has seen 40, may I tell you about 40? Forty is nothing. Forty is the sandbox of life. Forty is merely the back end of 30. At 40, your skin still fits. The thought of “comfortable shoes” at 40 is anathema. On a good day, you may even still have that dewy glow of youth. You can still eat ice cream, pizza and doughnuts in your 40s.
I will grant you that the back end of 40 comes with a cloud of apprehension — as it should as 50 is a bucket of cold water in the face. Medical appointments appear with increasing frequency on your calendar. Colonoscopies, bone scans, cholesterol checks. Merely holding a cookbook causes weight gain.
You envision a brow lift during your 50s. Of course, you can’t afford it, so you consider the alternatives. Perhaps a few pieces of strategically placed duct tape. You may even be sucked into exercises promising to eliminate that furrowed brow and put yourself through regimens of weird facial gyrations. You lament all the years you frowned. Why did you frown? Because you were raising children, that’s why!
Sixty? I recently crossed 60, so I speak with authority when I tell you that 50 is a cakewalk compared to 60. Sixty is like being tasered. Once you get feeling back in your legs, pull yourself upright and look around, you wonder how you got here. You feel 17 inside, but the candles on the birthday cake are setting off the fire alarm.
You have new sympathies and understanding for those older than yourself. Instead of muting the prescription drug commercials on television, you listen intently to all the adverse side effects, wondering if you may one day need the medication — or more importantly, if the medication will one day will kill you.
If you’re blessed with good health, you quickly learn to keep it to yourself. Friends your own age don’t want to hear about how great you feel or that you signed up for a mini-marathon.
A group I am speaking to recently requested a publicity picture. I realized the picture I use is four years old. A lot of changes can happen in four years. I sent the picture and told my contact to pencil in a few more wrinkles. I need to get an updated photograph of myself. And I will. Just as soon as the healthy eating, sunscreen kick and results from the furrowed brow exercises kick in.
Lori Borgman is an Indianapolis columnist. Send comments to email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:fcb76255-2119-438a-a859-9edc5226ab03> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.greenfieldreporter.com/2016/08/09/aging_well_keep_it_to_yourself/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00279-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962884 | 660 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Considerable confusion exists inside and outside the legal profession concerning the distinction between “professionalism” and “ethics.” For years, this author has noted that the simplest distinction is that “ethics” is a substantive body of law governing the conduct of lawyers, while “professionalism” is what all non-lawyers call ethics. In short, standards governing “ethics” are enforceable by discipline, and most professionalism standards have been viewed as aspirational. Bar associations have recognized that there is a distinction, for as of February 2014 the ABA's "Mandatory CLE" webpage lists 20 states with continuing legal education requirements focusing upon "professionalism" as distinct from or in addition to "ethics."
Yet, the “discipline/aspirational” distinction is far from airtight. In Florida Bar v. J. A. Norkin, No. SC11-1356 (Fla. Oct. 31, 2013), the Florida Supreme Court imposed a two-year suspension on an attorney for conduct that can be seen largely as a result of a lack of professionalism. The Florida Supreme Court expressly noted:
One can be professional and aggressive without being obnoxious. Attorneys should focus on the substance of their cases, treating judges and opposing counsel with civility, rather than trying to prevail by being insolent toward judges and purposely offensive toward opposing counsel. This Court has been discussing professionalism and civility for years. We do not tolerate unprofessional and discourteous behavior. We do not take any pleasure in sanctioning [Attorney], but if we are to have an honored and respected profession, we are required to hold ourselves to a higher standard.
Norkin, slip op. at 32–33. See also id. at 24–25 (discussing Florida’s adoption of a Professionalism Code and quoting In re Code for Resolving Professionalism Complaints, 116 So. 3d 288, 280 (Fla. 2013)).
After noting that the attorney’s “unprofessional conduct is an embarrassment to all members of The Florida Bar,” the court dropped a footnote stating, “Members of The Florida Bar, law professors, and law students should study the instant case as a glaring example of unprofessional behavior.” Id. at 33 n.5 (citation omitted).
Professor Roberta K. Flowers at the Stetson University College of Law, cochair of the Professionalism Subcommittee of the Ethics and Professionalism Committee of the ABA Section of Litigation, notes: “It is clear that the Florida Supreme Court was on the lookout for a case in which to send a strong message that professionalism would no longer be merely debated but would now be regulated.” And the message is certainly strong. In Norkin, the conduct at issue had been investigated by a referee, and the referee’s report had been adopted by the Florida Bar. The referee recommended a sanction of a 90-day suspension, followed by an 18-month period of probation. The Florida Bar urged that the sanction should be a one-year suspension coupled with a public reprimand. The Florida Supreme Court doubled the suspension proposed by the bar, to be followed by the 18-month probationary period recommended by the referee.
So what was the unprofessional conduct that the Florida Supreme Court found merited a two-year suspension? For once, no conduct was alleged that involved misapplication of money held in trust accounts. No conduct was alleged that involved inappropriate sexual conduct with clients. No conduct was alleged that involved failing to account for fees. And no crimes were alleged to have been committed by the respondent. Instead, the respondent “engaged in tirades and in antagonistic behavior on several occasions before [two judges]. He also berated [a senior judge] and repeatedly disparaged opposing counsel.” More specifically, the respondent had “falsely accused a senior judge of criminal conduct” by alleging that the senior judge “had a ‘cozy, conspiratorial’ relationship with the opposing party and/or opposing counsel.” The respondent was also found to have repeatedly raised his voice and shouted at the court. The referee who originally heard the charges described the respondent’s argument that “he speaks loudly when he feels he is not being heard” as “patently unbelievable.” The supreme court found that the record, including repeated references to volume, supported the referee’s finding that the shouting constituted “conduct intended to disrupt a tribunal.”
One hopes that no lawyer or aspiring lawyer would mistake the conduct that the court described as “professional.” Yet, shouting and hurling accusations at opposing counsel have usually been examined under the rubric of “professionalism” or even contempt of court; lengthy suspensions have, to date, been fairly rare. The Florida Supreme Court did note that the shouting and other conduct did run afoul of ethical rules concerning disrupting a tribunal (citing Fla. R. 4-3.5(c)), making false statements (Fla. R. 4-8.2(a)), and conduct prejudicial to the administration of justice (Fla. R. 4-8.4(d)). These rules (and the analogous provisions of ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct at 3.5(d), 8.2(a), and 8.4(d)) have not frequently resulted in multi-month suspensions, let alone terms of suspensions increasing what the state bar had recommended.
This was not the first time that the Florida Supreme Court had penalized unprofessional conduct. In Florida Bar v. Abramson, 3 So. 3d 964, 966, 969 (Fla. 2009), the respondent had disrupted voir dire and, in court, “questioned jurors as to who was at fault, counsel or the judge.” Abramson, cited in Norkin, slip op. at 29. Abramson received a 91-day suspension and was required to demonstrate rehabilitation. Similarly, in Florida Bar v. Tobkin, 944 So. 2d 219, 226 (Fla. 2006), the respondent received a 91-day suspension based on an unprofessional outburst that had been directed toward opposing counsel and staff at a cancer center.
The Florida Supreme Court grounded the authority to impose sanctions on Florida’s Professionalism Code adopted in 2005 as well as Florida Rules 4-8.4(d) (conduct prejudicial to the administration of justice) and 4-3.5(c) (prohibiting conduct “intended to disrupt the tribunal”).
The Florida Bar’s approach in Norkin suggests that professionalism codes can provide a basis for discipline. Past cases from other jurisdictions addressing professionalism issues and providing sanctions have generally focused on ethical breaches. For example, when the Supreme Court of Delaware was confronted with over-the-top deposition behavior in a case before it, the court did not look to a lack of “professionalism” as an independent basis for sanctions; instead, it stated that “conduct such as that involved here goes to the heart of the trial court proceedings themselves. As such, it cries out for relief under the trial court’s rules, including Ch. Ct. R. 37. Under some circumstances, the use of the trial court’s inherent summary contempt powers may be appropriate.” Paramount Commc’ns, Inc. v. QVC Network, Inc., 637 A.2d 34, 55 (Del. 1994). The Paramount court found that it lacked authority to impose sanctions as the out-of-state attorney defending the deposition had not been admitted pro hac vice. See also Addendum, 637 A.2d 52 (“Although this Addendum has no bearing on the outcome of the case, it relates to a serious issue of professionalism involving deposition practice in proceedings in Delaware trial courts.”).
While the Norkin opinion itself can be parsed to note aggravating factors, including the respondent’s prior discipline history in Florida, focusing solely on the specifics of the lawyer’s record may miss the broader point. Stephen LaBriola, chair of the Advertising Subcommittee of the Ethics and Professionalism Committee of the ABA Section of Litigation notes:
While, taken as a whole, it might be easy to distinguish the Norkin decision as unique, attorneys who have practiced for a number of years undoubtedly will have experienced firsthand limited doses of the behavior the Florida Supreme Court finds to be intolerable. In so ruling, the Court well serves those of our time-honored profession.
The Florida Supreme Court has clearly stated that its Professionalism Code is to have teeth. Florida is far from alone in having a "professionalism" code. As of August 2012, the ABA listed 43 states, plus the District of Columbia, that have adopted some form of professionalism code, with many states having multiple codes for multiple bar associations.
Can other jurisdictions be far behind?
Keywords: litigation, ethics, professionalism, professional conduct
Gregory R. Hanthorn is of counsel at Jones Day in Atlanta, Georgia.
Copyright © 2014, American Bar Association. All rights reserved. This information or any portion thereof may not be copied or disseminated in any form or by any means or downloaded or stored in an electronic database or retrieval system without the express written consent of the American Bar Association. The views expressed in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the positions or policies of the American Bar Association, the Section of Litigation, this committee, or the employer(s) of the author(s). | <urn:uuid:6d2f6faf-242b-4c88-90ab-8dfad5ed50c6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.americanbar.org/groups/litigation/committees/ethics-professionalism/articles/2014/winter2014-0214-when-breaches-professionalism-become-sanctionable/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.955858 | 1,995 | 1.90625 | 2 |
A U.S. court has ordered a former Chilean army officer to pay $4 million to the family of a Chilean official killed in a 1973 military coup.
The federal jury in the U.S. state of Florida Wednesday issued the sentence against former Chilean army lieutenant Armando Fernandez Larios.
The court found Mr. Fernandez responsible for extra-judicial killing, cruelty, torture and crimes against humanity in the death of Winston Cabello.
The victim's relatives said Mr. Fernandez conspired with the leader of an alleged death squad that killed more than 70 political opponents in the coup. The family sought damages under a U.S. law that allows foreigners to sue for violations of international law.
Mr. Fernandez has said he was in the area in northern Chile where Mr. Cabello was killed, but said he was unaware of the killings at the time.
In the 1980s, Mr. Fernandez was sentenced by a U.S. court for taking part in the murder of Chilean diplomat Orlando Letelier in Washington in 1976.
Argentina has asked to extradite Mr. Fernandez for similar charges in the coup that brought General Augusto Pinochet to power. An estimated 3,000 people died or disappeared without explanation during his 17-year rule, mainly for political reasons. | <urn:uuid:146ad354-57a2-425e-868f-2515b0aaf970> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-a-2003-10-16-46-us/297549.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00573-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980395 | 262 | 1.507813 | 2 |
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12 Rules for the SAT Writing Test
Transcript of 12 Rules for the SAT Writing Test
Mastering Multiple Choice Rule 1: Subject Verb Agreement
Isolate the subject and verb; make sure they agree in number.
X: The anguish of the students have been a source of pleasure to the SAT. Rule 2: Noun-Pronoun Agreement
Make sure nouns and pronouns agree in number.
X: Not one of the boys read their SAT study guide. Rule 3: Subject & Object Pronouns
Subject pronouns (I, he, she, they, we, who) are used in the subject of a sentence. Object pronouns (me, him, her, them, us, whom) are used in the predicate.
X: Please join Sam and I tonight for a tutoring session. Rule 4: Pronoun Consistency
Choose your point of view and stick to it.
X: When one starts with a particular pronoun, you should continue to use that pronoun throughout one's entire sentence. Rule 5: Proper Tense
Tense must remain consistent; look for key "time words" such as "when", "while", as, "after".
X: After he studied his vocabulary and devotes himself to school, he will surely pass. Rule 6: Proper Adjective/Adverb Use
Beware of non-traditional adjectives/adverbs and superlatives.
X: I ran slow.
X: You juggle good.
X: Dan is the older of the four siblings. Rule 7: Parallel Construction
Ideas that are parallel (related) should be expressed in the same way.
X: I occupy my leisure time with practicing yoga, reading, but not to jog. Rule 8: Run-ons and Fragments
Don't be fooled by the length of the sentence.
X: Considering my personal set of moral beliefs, the well-being of all those affected by my decision, and the long- term ramifications of not only this, but of all my actions as a responsible adult. Rule 9: Dangling Modifiers
Words or clauses that don't exactly express what is meant either because words are left out or are poorly organized.
X: After reading the original study, the article remains unconvincing. Rule 10: Sentence Logic/Concise Writing
Not all errors are grammatical in nature.
X: Sentences may be grammatically correct, and do not convey the writer's thought. Rule 11: Proper use of common expressions.
(See Rule 10)
X: I should of taken your advice and treated myself to dessert. Rule 12: Logical Comparisons
It's true; you can't compare apples to oranges.
X: My mother's salary is higher than Jane's mother. | <urn:uuid:66b2e524-8917-4f82-adfa-a22762bf3112> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://prezi.com/tyiebdt2pcmx/12-rules-for-the-sat-writing-test/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00431-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.922357 | 728 | 1.789063 | 2 |
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Each course has an alphanumeric code (e.g., ENGL 1301). The alpha portion is an abbreviation of the subject area, while the numeric portion provides specific information about the course. The first digit of the numeric portion indicates the level of the course (1=freshman level, 2=sophomore level, 3=junior level, 4=senior level, 5=master's level, and 6=doctoral level). The second digit indicates the number of semester credit hours earned by satisfactorily completing the course. The third digit is a sequencing number, or, if it is a 7, the third digit indicates the course is not in the Texas Common Course Numbering System. The fourth digit is a sequencing number.
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To meet changing educational requirements, the university reserves the right to add, delete, or change courses or degree requirements and to change the mode of delivery of any course of program.
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The unit of measure for credit purposes is the semester hour. One hour of class meeting (or equivalent in other work) each week usually is equal to one semester credit hour. For each credit hour, at least two hours of additional study and preparation are expected. Two or more hours of laboratory work are counted as the equivalent of one lecture hour.
6. Registration for Classes
Students will be permitted to attend class only when the instructor has received evidence of proper registration. Registration dates and deadlines are listed in the academic calendar found in this catalog and online at http://www.lamar.edu/academic-calendar. Dates for Academic Partnership courses are found on the Academic Partnership Calendar. Students may add courses, make section changes or drop courses only within the periods specified in the calendar. The Records Office prepares and publishes a schedule of classes in advance of each semester. That schedule may be found at http://students.lamar.edu/course-schedules/index.html.
Online programs following compressed five- or eight-week sessions follow a somewhat different calendar for admission, enrollment, drop dates, and other activities. Students interested in or enrolled in these programs should consult their advisors and see the calendars provided online.
8. Minimum Class Enrollment
The University reserves the right not to offer any undergraduate course if fewer than 10 students register and pay tuition and fees.
9. Course Auditing by Senior Citizens
Senior citizens, 65 years of age or older, may register for and audit courses without the payment of tuition or fees on a space-available basis. For further information, contact the Registrar at (409) 880-2113 or email@example.com.
10. Class Attendance/Participation
Regular class attendance/participation is important to the attainment of educational objectives. Instructors will formulate an attendance/participation policy consistent with departmental policies and suited to the needs of the particular course. The instructor's policy will be explained in detail to the class at the beginning of the semester and will appear in the course syllabus.
11. Student Absences on Religious Holy Days
Under Texas Education Code, Section 51.911, Lamar University shall excuse a student from attending classes or other required activities, including examinations, for the observance of a religious holy day, including travel for that purpose. A student whose absence is excused under this subsection may not be penalized for that absence and shall be allowed to take an exam or complete an assignment from which the student is excused within a reasonable period of time after the absence. Texas Education Code, Section 51.911, defines a religious holy day. If a student and an instructor disagree about the nature of the absence being for the observance of a religious holy day as defined therein, or if there is similar disagreement about whether the student has been given a reasonable time to complete any missed assignments or examinations, either the student or the instructor may request a ruling from the provost. The student and the instructor shall abide by the decision of the provost.
12. Dropping Courses
Students may drop a course and receive a grade of "Q" during the penalty-free period of the semester or session. For drops after this penalty-free period, grades are recorded as "Q" or "F," indicating the student was passing or failing at the time of the drop. A grade of "Q" may not be assigned unless an official drop has been processed through the Records Office. Students may drop a course online up to the census day by logging into Self-Service Banner. After the census day, courses must be dropped through the Records Office. For additional help, contact the academic advisor or the Records Office at firstname.lastname@example.org. Students may not drop a course during the last 20 percent of the term. Students should check the academic calendar at http://www.lamar.edu/academic-calendar for specific dates.
For information on possible refunds, see the drop/withdrawal refund policy.
13. Instructor-Initiated Drop
When absences or lack of participation seriously interfere with a student's performance, the instructor may recommend to the department chair that the student be dropped from the course. If this action is taken after the penalty-free period of the semester or session, a grade of "F" may be recorded for the course. The student's major department will be notified that the student was dropped. Students remain responsible for initiating drop procedures if they find that they cannot attend or participate in classes. Students can check their status in classes by logging into Self-Service Banner, contacting an academic advisor, or contacting the Records Office at email@example.com.
14. Reinstatement to Class
A student dropped from a course may be reinstated upon written approval by the chair of the major department, the instructor, and the instructor's department chair.
15. Withdrawing from the University
Students wishing to withdraw entirely from the university and drop all Lamar University courses should contact an academic advisor or the Records Office at firstname.lastname@example.org. Students must clear all financial obligations and return all university property. If, however, the student is unable at the time of withdrawal to clear financial obligations to the university, the student will be permitted to withdraw with the understanding that transcripts will be withheld and re-entry to Lamar University will not be permitted until all financial obligations are cleared.
For information on possible refunds, see the drop/withdrawal refund policy.
If a withdrawal is made before the end of the penalty-free period or if the student is passing at the time of withdrawal during the penalty period, a grade of "W" will be issued for each course affected. A grade of "F" may be issued for all courses not being passed at the time of withdrawal after the penalty-free period. A student may not withdraw within the last 20 percent of the term. A student who leaves without withdrawing officially will receive a grade of "F" in all courses and forfeit all returnable fees. Students should check the academic calendar for specific dates. Students wishing to withdraw after the official withdrawal date should contact their dean.
16. Enforced Withdrawal Due to Health Reasons
The director of the Health Center and the vice president for student engagement, on the advice of competent medical personnel, may require withdrawal or deny admission of a student for health reasons (mental or physical).
Students wishing to change majors should contact their academic advisor or the chair of their major department
18. Change of Address or Name
Students are responsible for all communications addressed to them at the address on file in the Records Office. Students who move during a semester must immediately update their contact information in Self-Service Banner.
Students who legally change their names or wish to correct errors in their name as currently recorded by the university should contact the Records Office at email@example.com. All name changes must be accompanied by a copy of the legal document making the name change official. This document will be retained by the university.
19. Simultaneous Enrollment
Students who desire to enroll simultaneously at more than one institution of higher education should be aware that courses taken at other institutions may not apply to Lamar University degree plans. They should contact an academic advisor or the chair of the major department for advance approval of simultaneous enrollment. Such approval will be granted only if all Lamar University academic policies are being followed. For example, academic load restrictions and probation restrictions apply to the total credit hours taken at all institutions.
20. Academic Progress
Classification of Students
Students are classified as freshmen, sophomores, juniors, seniors, post-baccalaureate, and graduate students. Officially enrolled students are classified as follows:
- Freshman: all entrance requirements have been met, but fewer than 30 semester hours have been earned;
- Sophomore: has earned a minimum of 30 semester hours;
- Junior: has earned a minimum of 60 semester hours;
- Senior: has earned a minimum of 90 semester hours;
- Post-baccalaureate: holds a bachelor's degree, but is not enrolled in a degree program or has not been admitted to a graduate program.
- Graduate: has been formally accepted by a graduate program and is pursuing a graduate degree
A full-time student is an undergraduate student taking 12 or more semester hours in the fall or spring semester or four or more semester hours in summer session I or II. A full-time graduate student is one who takes nine or more semester hours in the fall or spring semester, or three or more in a summer term. Some sources of student aid reduce payments to students dropping below full-time status.
A – Excellent
B – Good
C – Satisfactory
D – Passing
F – Failure
I – Incomplete
Q – Course was dropped during penalty-free period or course was dropped later,
QL – Dropped (S.B. 1231--Six drop rule)
S – Satisfactory (credit)
U – Unsatisfactory (no credit)
NG – No grade (Thesis/Dissertation only)
W – Withdrawn from Lamar University
The grade of "W" or "Q" is given if the withdrawal or drop is made during the penalty-free period (see part 12 above) or if the student is passing at the time of withdrawal or drop during the penalty period. To drop or withdraw after "Census Day," the student must contact the Registrar's Office (Room 102, Wimberly Building) (409) 880-8542 or firstname.lastname@example.org. The grade of "I" may be given when any requirement of the course, including the final examination, is not completed. Arrangements to complete deficiencies in a course should be made with the instructor. Incomplete work must be finished during the next long semester, or the Records Office will change the "I" grade to the grade of "F." The course must then be repeated if credit is desired. The instructor may record the grade of "F" for a student who is absent from the final examinations and is not passing the course. Semester grades are filed with the Records Office. Except in very unusual situations, no grade may be corrected or changed without the written authorization of the instructor who assigned the grade. The grade change form requires the reason for the change and must be approved and signed by the instructor and department chair. All changes involving "Q" and "W" also require the approval and signature of the dean. If the requested change is for a grade assigned more than one year before the request, the dean also must approve and sign the form. If the requested change is for a grade assigned more than three years before the request, the senior associate provost also must approve and sign the form. After a degree has been conferred, no transcripted grade may be changed except those assigned to graduating seniors in their final semester. Such changes require the approval of the provost. Since faculty are required to retain academic records for only three years, students should make every effort to submit grade change requests as soon as possible.
Grade Point Average Computation
The grade point average is a measure of the student's overall academic performance and is used in the determination of academic standing, rank in class, eligibility for graduation, program eligibility, and honors. To compute grade point averages, grade points are assigned to letter grades as follows: to the grade "A," 4 points; to "B," 3 points; to "C," 2 points; to "D," 1 point, and to "F," "I," "S," "U," "NG," "Q," "W," 0 points. The number of grade points earned in a course is obtained by multiplying the number of semester credit hours by the number of points assigned to the grade made in the course. The grade point average is calculated by dividing the total number of grade points earned by the total number of semester hours attempted in courses for which the grades "A," "B," "C," "D," and "F" are assigned. Thus, for grades, "I," "S," "U," "NG," "W," and "Q," neither semester hours nor grade points are used in the computation of the grade point average. Hours attempted include all work taken, whether passed, failed, or repeated. Courses in which a grade of "S" or "U" is assigned are used in calculating a student's semester hour load and to determine full-time/part-time status but are not included in the grade point average.
21. Academic Records and Transcripts
Academic records are in the permanent custody of the Records Office. Transcripts of academic records may be secured by an individual student personally or will be released on the student's written authorization. For further information on how to request a transcript, go to www.lamar.edu/transcripts. College transcripts on file from other colleges will not be duplicated by Lamar University's Records Office. Students who owe debts to the university or who have not met entrance requirements may have their official transcripts withheld until the debt is paid or credentials are furnished. Chapter 675, Acts of the 61st Legislature, 1969 Regular Session, provides that "no person may buy, sell, create, duplicate, alter, give or obtain a diploma, certificate, academic record, certificate of enrollment or other instrument which purports to signify merit, or achievement conferred by an institution of education in this state with the intent to use fraudulently such document or to allow the fraudulent use of such document. A person who violates this Act or who aids another in violating this Act is guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction, is punishable by a fine of not more than $1,000 and/or confinement in the county jail for a period not to exceed one year."
22. Final Grades
Grades are available at the end of each term. Students may see their grades by logging into Self-Service Banner. Students should discuss any alleged error or discrepancy with the course instructor and, as appropriate, with the university registrar or personnel in the Records Office.
23. Academic Probation and Suspension
Any student whose cumulative grade point average (GPA) falls below satisfactory academic progress (2.00 or higher cumulative grade point average) will be placed on academic probation. This designation indicates the student is not making satisfactory academic progress toward the completion of an associate or baccalaureate degree. All students who are on academic probation must be advised in Student Advising and Retention Services (STARS), except for nursing students who are classified as juniors or seniors and who have been accepted into the nursing program. Registration of students on academic probation will be blocked by the university until permission is granted by the college, Center for General Studies, STARS, the Center for College Readiness, and/or the Dean. During advising, an academic action plan will be developed. This plan serves as an academic contract between the student and the college or other academic supervision unit for the next semester/term. The student may be required to receive academic counseling and/or support services (e.g., tutoring) as a condition of the contract. A student on probation who demonstrates academic improvement (i.e., a 2.00 or higher semester/term GPA) and complies with all other conditions of the academic action plan during the next semester/term of enrollment, but whose cumulative grade point average does not return to satisfactory academic progress (2.00 cumulative GPA), will remain on probation. A student on probation who does NOT demonstrate academic improvement (i.e., lower than a 2.00 semester/term GPA) and/or fails to comply with any other condition of the action plan during the next semester/term of enrollment will be academically suspended from Lamar University or, with approval from the academic dean, the Center for College Readiness, or STARS, will be placed on continued probation and subject to a new academic action plan. A student subject to his or her first academic suspension must serve a long semester (fall or spring) or entire summer (summer mini, summer sessions I-IV) suspension before returning to Lamar University. Upon return, the student will be placed on probation and will be subject to a new academic action plan. A second suspension will last two consecutive semesters (i.e., fall-spring, spring-summer, summer-fall), and a third suspension will result in expulsion from Lamar University. Any courses completed at other colleges or universities—including the Lamar two-year institutions—during periods of suspension after 30 or more attempted credit hours at Lamar University will not be accepted by Lamar University as transfer credit. For advisement or additional information, a student on probation or suspension should contact his/her college dean, STARS, or the College Readiness Center.
Application for Graduation
The graduation process consists of the following steps, which must be completed by the student prior to the deadline published in the Academic Calendar. The student must:
- Be properly admitted to the university;
- Submit all transcripts of college coursework from other institutions to the Records Office;
- Request the major department to send an approved degree plan to the Records Office. Students in online programs may make these arrangements through their academic advisors.
- Achieve a grade point average of 2.00 on a 4.00 scale (or 2.50 depending on the degree program) on all Lamar University coursework in the degree program;
- Satisfy all requirements set by the major department and college;
- Complete an application for graduation following the instructions found at http://dept.lamar.edu/records and pay necessary fees for cap, gown and diploma by the deadline listed in the Academic Calendar; and
- Clear all financial and property matters by the deadline for submitting degree plans.
If the student does not graduate, the department must submit a new degree plan. The student must reapply and repay fees in the Records Department in order to graduate at a later date. The student is responsible for securing official advisement about remaining course work required for graduation two semesters prior to the event, for making application to graduate and for checking compliance with all degree requirements.
All graduating students are encouraged to participate in Commencement exercises. See the Academic Calendar at http://www.lamar.edu/academic-calendar for dates.
Graduation Under a Particular Catalog
A student is entitled to graduate under the degree provisions of the catalog in effect at the time of the student's first completed semester of enrollment with these exceptions: 1) A catalog more than seven years old shall not be used. 2) The program of the student who interrupts enrollment (for reasons other than involuntary military service) for one calendar year or more shall be governed by the catalog in effect at the time of the student's re-entrance to the university. The student who interrupts enrollment for involuntary military service must re-enroll within one year from the date of separation from military service in order for this provision to apply. For these purposes, enrollment shall be defined as registration for and successful completion of at least one course during an academic term. A student forced to withdraw for adequate cause before completion of a course may petition for a waiver of this provision at the time of withdrawal. The degree program of the student who declares a major or who changes majors shall be the departmental degree requirements in effect at the time the new major becomes effective. General degree requirements shall be those in effect at the time of the student's first completed semester of enrollment, provided neither condition "1" nor "2" applies. Any student transferring from a two-year college to Lamar University can qualify to graduate under the general degree requirements of the catalog in effect when the student entered the two-year college. However, students who interrupt their studies for one calendar year or more before transferring to Lamar University are subject to the general degree requirements of the catalog in effect when they enroll at Lamar University. At the discretion of the appropriate dean, students can be required to comply with all changes in the curriculum made subsequent to the year in which they were initially enrolled. Deletions and additions of courses will be of approximately equal credit, so no student will have an overall appreciable increase of total credits required for graduation.
To be designated an honor graduate, an undergraduate member of the graduating class must: 1) have completed at least 60 semester hours at Lamar University for a four-year degree or 30 semester hours for a two-year degree, and 2) have a grade point average (GPA) of at least 3.50 for all undergraduate course work attempted at Lamar University. Only course work attempted at Lamar University will be included in the grade point average calculation for honors. Transfer course work will not be included in the calculation of GPAs for honors. A GPA of 3.50 to 3.64 qualifies for cum laude (honors), 3.65 to 3.79 for magna cum laude (high honors), and 3.80 to 4.00 for summa cum laude (highest honors). Grades made the semester of graduation are included in the calculation of GPAs for honors. Honor graduates will be recognized during graduation ceremonies.
25. Academic Honesty
Lamar University expects students to maintain high standards of academic integrity in all university work. University policy on academic dishonesty, including plagiarism, cheating, and collusion, may be found in the Student Handbook published online at www.lamar.edu/student-handbook.
26. Policies Subject to Change
Although every effort is made to provide complete and accurate information in this catalog, changes in academic policies and regulations may occur at any time, without notice.
27. Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)
Annual Notification to Students
The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) affords students certain rights with respect to their education records. These rights are as follows:
- The right to inspect and review the student's education records within 45 days of the day the university receives a request for access. A student should submit to the registrar, dean, or chair of the academic department a written request that identifies the record(s) the student wishes to inspect. The university official will make arrangements for access and notify the student of the time and place where the records may be inspected. If the records are not maintained by the university official to whom the request was submitted, that official shall advise the student of the correct official to whom the request should be addressed.
- The right to request the amendment of the student's educational records that the student believes is inaccurate, misleading, or otherwise in violation of the student's privacy rights under FERPA. A student who wishes to ask the university to amend a record should write the university official responsible for the record, clearly identify the part of the record the student wants changed, and specify why it should be changed. If the university decides not to amend the record as requested by the student, the university will notify the student of the decision in writing and advise the student of his or her right to a hearing regarding the request for amendment. Additional information regarding the hearing procedures will be provided to the student when notified of the right to a hearing.
- The right to provide written consent before the university discloses personally identifiable information contained in the student's educational records, except to the extent that FERPA authorizes disclosure without consent. The university discloses education records without a student's prior written consent under the FERPA exception for disclosure to school officials with legitimate educational interests. A school official is defined as a person employed by the university in an administrative, supervisory, academic, or support staff position (including law enforcement unit personnel and health staff); a person or company with whom the university has contracted as its agent to provide a service instead of using university employees or officials (such as an attorney, auditor, or collection agent); a person serving on the Board of Regents, a student serving on an official committee, such as a disciplinary or grievance committee, or assisting another school official in performing his or her tasks. A school official has a legitimate educational interest if the official needs to review an education record in order to fulfill his or her professional responsibility. Upon request, the university discloses educational records without consent to officials of another school in which a student seeks or intends to enroll.
- The right to file a complaint with the U.S. Department of Education concerning alleged failures by the university to comply with the requirements of FERPA. The name and address of the Office that administers FERPA is as follows:
Family Policy Compliance OfficeU.S. Department of Education400 Maryland Avenue, SWWashington, DC 20202-5901
Available for download at: www2.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/fpco/ferpa/ps-officials.html
The following items are considered DIRECTORY INFORMATION by the University, and the University may disclose any of these items without prior written consent, unless the student notifies the registrar in writing to the contrary by September 1 of each fiscal year:
- All addresses, including university issued email addresses
- All telephone numbers
- Major field of study
- Academic classification
- Participation in officially recognized activities and sports
- Weight and height of members of athletic teams
- Dates of attendance and enrollment status
- Degrees and awards received
- Last educational agency or institution attended
- Class roster (not the student's class schedule) | <urn:uuid:f4dbf04d-89a1-42c4-a783-4d9f6a565892> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.lamar.edu/catalog-2012-2013/general-academic-policies/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00500-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945416 | 5,481 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Tags: Brian Epstein, The Beatles
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on Saturday, September 25th, 2010 at 1:44 pm and is filed under Beatle Photos.
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I love the first photo. It really speaks volumes of what it was like to look out at a stadium filled with fans. There must have been moments of awe & wonderment for Brian & the band to know that only a few short years ago they were playing at the Cavern and now all this …. Amazing!
I cant help but laugh to myself. LOL look at the stage the way it is built.
My how concerts have change since then. For better or worse. Man I wish i could of been at this show . But i would of probley been upset due to not hearing nothing but screaming women lol.
The concerts were really short and the boys were very far away. But oh, the incredibly ecstatic feeling!
Great shots, but that’s stage right, not stage left.
i wouldn’t be covering my ears,i would be on the stage listening to every chord
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GOT YOUR NUMBER CHAIRS
Assigned seating never looked so good. Turn a slipcovered chair into a designer chair before dinnertime. I chose parsons chairs with ready-made slipcovers (these were from World Market and slipcovers were sold separately. This is truly a no sew project. How cool is that? As I explained in the tutorial for the napkins I chose Sealah Adhesive Sheets to apply the numbers because it is an industrial strength adhesive that is transparent, washable, and has other pleasing properties for projects such as these appliqués.
Iron and ironing board (optional)
Ruler or measuring tape
100% cotton fabric 6” x 11 ½” piece per number or letter
Let's Get Started
Notes: I have provided a step-by-step tutorial on the March 12 in Twelve Tutorial: Got Your Number Napkins. Go take a look at steps 11 through 17 for details, then come back and get your numbers on.
Also, I realized it would have been much easier to measure with the slipcovers on the chairs. In fact, if you are using the Sealah sheets and choose not to iron press the numbers you could do this entire project right onto the chair back.
My numbers were 8" high, but push your chair up to the table to determine how high and large you want the number.
1 I used Photoshop to select a number font. Make sure the number is reversed (mirror image) and resize to desired height. Plan to fit each number inside a 6” x 11 ½” space (which is the size of the Sealah Sheets).
2 Print out the reversed number on copy paper and tape it onto the white side of the Sealah Sheet at several places to prevent the number from shifting.
3 Cut a piece of the fabric for the numbers the same size as the Sealah Sheet.
4 Turn the Sealah Sheet over so the orange side is facing up. Begin peeling the orange backing off the Sealah Sheet and carefully place the fabric over the adhesive.
5 Using a new, sharp X-ACTO knife blade and a cutting mat carefully cut along the edge of the number. You will be cutting through a few layers so you will most likely need to go over an area twice to get a clean cut. Make sure to use a new blade as this minimizes fraying of the fabric.
6 Determine how high you want the number, then measure from left to right. Make light marks that will be covered by the number (Diagram 1)
7 Remove the orange backing. The adhesive is quite sticky so be ready to place with minimal touching. (Diagram 2)
8 You can cure the adhesive even quicker by pressing with a warm iron, but not necessary. (Diagram 3) | <urn:uuid:fb3b64d5-425f-481a-ae34-a33e7b48b630> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://paulaprass.blogspot.com/2012/04/april-12-in-twelve-tutorial.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00056-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.915735 | 584 | 1.695313 | 2 |
October 27, 2009, 6:54 pm
In the world of computer languages, nothing speaks louder than who adopts its usage. The Python language hit a home run with Google adopting it for a high percentage of their internal and public (Google App Engine) projects. One of the things that makes the Python language appealing to so many is how it treats everything as an object. This makes the language inherently object-oriented but not so complex and wordy that it can’t be understood by beginning programmers.
This article will give an overview of the basic object-oriented concepts in Python. We’ll start by defining an object and learning what it is. Next, we’ll take a look at how you can discover the properties of Python's built-in objects and how you can create your own. Then we’ll finish off with a list of best practices and a pointer to where you can go to get more information.
The Python language is growing in acceptance and has made itself useful for a variety of purposes and platforms, everything from mobile phones to major websites to windowed applications and more. With so many ways to employ the language, a standardized method for sharing functionality in an extensible fashion is imperative. Fortunately, Python has provided the solution to its own problem in the form of objects.
An object is an entity defined by a class containing attributes and methods which can be inherited and can also inherit functionality from others in a variety of scopes. Objects simplify writing reusable code, thereby making the development process faster and more efficient. Objects are not unique to the Python language, but there certainly are some unique aspects. For instance, Python uses underscores in attribute names to mark accessibility rather than taking the traditional method of using keywords, thereby decreasing the amount of code needed. Note the contrast between Python and Java shown below.
When delivering software libraries, a developer needs to have a standardized way to allow for others to extend and integrate the functionality they are providing. Using objects and inheritance, this is made simple.
Here is some of the syntax for Python.
A class defines the behavior and attributes of an object. It is the blueprint, if you will, for an object. Note that Python uses the # symbol to denote comments, so those lines are not executable parts of the program. The basic syntax looks like this:
The first line is the class keyword followed by the name of the class, any parent classes (more on that later), a colon, and a code block containing the body of the class. (pass is just a place-holding keyword)
An attribute is created by a variable assignment within the scope of the class body as in this example:
This creates an attribute name whose value is a string John Doe. Now we can access the attribute as if it were a variable by combining the object and attribute names with a dot in the following manner:
Classes vs. Instances
A class and an instance are two different but related things. A class is a type while an instance is a single occurrence of some class. To create an instance (also known as "instantiating a class") call the class as if it were a function including any arguments to pass to the constructor (more on that later):
Now we have an instance of the Person class called my_instance. As you can see, it shares much the same initial state as the class itself, but just a little experimentation will show that they are now separate and distinct entities.
This part assumes you know how to declare a function, but in the event you do not you can copy the examples shown here.
A method is to a function what an attribute is to a variable. That is, they are the same except that one is defined as the child of a class/object. A method is simply a function defined within the scope of a class or, more appropriately, a callable attribute. Take this example:
This basic instance method simply prints out the name of that Person. The self argument is automatically supplied when the method is called and is a reference to this particular instance:
Here we instantiated the Person class, used the print_name method, changed the name attribute, and called the method again with the new value.
It can Inherit Functionality
Python uses base classes, or super classes, to allow developers to take advantage of library functionality. A super class is a class that defines attributes and methods that can then be inherited by other classes. Let's say we want to make another type of Person called a Plumber, and we want to change the name attribute. We could reuse our existing class to avoid repetition and speed up the development process:
With a single word we've inherited whatever functionality may be found in the base class. We then replace or override the attribute with these results:
Now we can extend and customize existing objects however we need to. What if we want to combine functionality from two or more base classes?  Here’s an example:
We've added a base class that defines another attribute, gender, and changed the Plumber class to inherit from both Person and Man. If we play around with our new Plumber class, we can see that the attributes and methods of the two classes have now been merged.
Now that we've covered instantiation, methods, and inheritance, let's see how they overlap. You probably noticed from the first class example that basic classes inherit from object. This is a Python base class that provides a standardized control mechanism for objects. All of your classes should trace back to object. One of the methods the object class provides is the constructor or __init__ method. When you instantiate a class, the arguments passed to the call are directed to the constructor which is always run at instantiation. Let's add a constructor to our Person class to make things a little more dynamic:
So now when we instantiate a person we can pass in the name to the constructor rather than having to assign the attribute later. We also provided a default value for the argument in case the user leaves it empty. You'll notice we're calling the parent constructor. Backward compatibility is maintained since the constructor will run in the same way with no arguments as seen in this example:
What to Do With Conflicting Attributes
If you frequently use multiple inheritance you may have to take a little more time to merge two classes into one. The first listed class takes precedence over any others and overrides any other parent classes. Here's an example of conflicting methods:
Now we've modified the Man class to have its own print_name method to add the prefix to the hard-coded name.  In addition, we’ve removed the attribute definition in the Plumber class since that's now supplied via the Person constructor. At this point we have a problem if we wanted to use that nifty new print_name method with the Plumber class since Person.print_name takes precedence over Man.print_name as seen in the following example.
So we can just do this, right?
Wrong! This will raise an exception since the constructor for Man is overriding the constructor for Person which takes an argument. We need to take just the constructor from the Person class and let the Man class override everything else. Here's how to do it:
So all we did here is write our own constructor using wildcards to catch all positional arguments (those passed in without a name associated with them) and keyword arguments as args and kwargs to pass on to the Person constructor. Obviously, the Man constructor takes no arguments.
Objects are an easy and efficient way to expose your code for others to use and to combine different features to build the ultimate programming experience. You should use them when possible in your programming to allow for reuse at later times. Be sure to document and test your code! | <urn:uuid:60489e34-b7b7-4fec-9d20-da3183dfe3ed> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.linux.com/news/introduction-python-objects | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00029-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917591 | 1,620 | 3.5 | 4 |
Posted on behalf of Rosamund Daw (Senior Editor, Nature)
What technological innovations will form the car of the future? Carbon fibre composites are increasingly a viable option for the structural components of next-generation cars for improved energy efficiency, particularly as their use in the aerospace industry will undoubtedly bring manufacturing costs down. Energy storage devices such as capacitors and batteries will also be the order of the day.
Milo Shaffer and colleagues at Imperial College have recognised this as an opportunity for further energy savings. Both structural re-inforcement composites and electrochemical devices rely on the use of layered architectures. So why not combine the two and incorporate energy storage into the composites which provide strength and stiffness in the body of the car? This imaginative concept, potentially offering huge weight saving was presented in the ‘Applications of Hierarchical Materials’ session at the MRS [Hierarchical composite materials for structural energy; Shaffer, M., Qian, H., Houlle, M., Amadou, J., Bismarck, A., Greenhalgh, E.; Symposium G; 2011 Fall MRS]. I think it offers a refreshingly different angle on the vast research activity going on in energy storage.
Shaffer chose supercapacitor devices which cannot store as much energy as batteries but can quickly discharge; he envisages initial applications in load levelling, rather than providing a comprehensive mobile energy supply. His group approached the problem by modifying the traditional components of composites: carbon fibre laminates act as the electrodes and the epoxy matrix of the material forms the electrolyte. Glass fibre mats acted as insulator layers. The carbon fibre laminates were activated (made porous) to maximise surface area and an ionic liquid was incorporated into the epoxy to improve ionic conductivity. Carbon nanotubes deposited on the carbon fibres simultaneously increased the surface area for further charge storage capability and interlocked with the matrix to constrain buckling — frequently a problem with composites.
Early experiments have confirmed proof of principle. In fact the stiffness of the material is impressive despite the modifications: ‘as good as it gets’ says Shaffer. But there is still some way to go to improve mechanical strength and charge storage capability. Shaffer has partnered with Volvo in an FP7 programme entitled ‘StorAGE’ in which his team has been set the task of achieving 15% of a car’s weight reduction using these multifunctional composites. The first car component to be generated will be the wheel well.
These materials could presumably be more broadly used in smaller scale mobile applications such as laptops where weight and volume are at a premium. | <urn:uuid:5a18c291-a0c2-49c4-b2a6-9d7e83eb3066> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://chemistrycommunity.nature.com/posts/47060-2011-fall-mrs-stiff-storage | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.929671 | 550 | 3.25 | 3 |
It looks like Microsoft has won a significant victory in its ongoing campaign to exert its claims over some of the key intellectual property in the Linux open source operating system.
Late on Monday, it announced a patent cross-licensing deal with Amazon. Among other things, this will cover the e-commerce company’s use of Linux in its servers. That is a big deal: given Amazon’s ambitions to become one of the biggest operators of public computing “clouds”, this amounts to a major endorsement of Microsoft’s claims over some of the core IP in Linux.
There is a caveat, though: the announcement was short on detail. And that is sure to bring accusations that the software company is once again using FUD to scare other Linux users into submission. Read more
LiMo could do with a little of the limelight.
The mobile Linux operating system has been almost forgotten as Google-led Android has become the open-source flavour of the year for handset makers and carriers.
But on Thursday, LiMo recorded some progress in its adoption, with SK Telecom and Samsung announcing South Korea’s first LiMo-compliant phone. Read more
The sight of Microsoft apparently prevailing in patent litigation against a Linux-based software application is bound to send a frisson of fear and loathing through the open source world.
So it was today, with news that a case brought last month against TomTom had been resolved. The Dutch-based navigation maker has agreed to make payments to Microsoft to end a claim that it breached eight patents, while also over the next two years removing functionality from its products related to two of the patents.
TomTom’s devices run on Linux, so the Microsoft lawsuit was seen as a deliberate, if sideways, attack on the open source operating system. Read more | <urn:uuid:87746b5c-4eab-440c-a2a6-9cfd9ff67614> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blogs.ft.com/tech-blog/tag/linux/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00298-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958973 | 374 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Massage is one of the primary forms of physical therapy known to a man. It has been in use for over 3000 years by various cultures and people all over the world. Thanks to the recent development in travel and communications and technology, people from different cultures are able to communicate with each other which has led to the development of various types of massage techniques which have a specific benefit and purpose of their own.
Purpose of Massage
There are different types of massages designed for different purposes. In sports massage, the requirements of the athlete are kept in mind by the massage therapist. Due to increase in the number of people participating in sports along with increased competition and strenuous exercises, the necessity for sports massage has also increased. Sports massage is now seen as a skill which helps in speeding up the recovery process from injuries and in augmenting the performance. Sports massage is very beneficial in muscle strains as it softens the stiffness and prevents scar tissue formation at the site of injury. It also helps in re-aligning the new healing fibres in the direction of the muscle fibres and helps in preventing re-injury.
The therapist should have a complete understanding of human anatomy and physiology, especially the skeletal and muscular systems. Having knowledge of the human body and its systems helps the therapist in identifying the way in which the massage will benefit the athlete and forms a vital part of the training program of the athlete.
Athletes undergo vigorous training regimes to improve their performance. This puts a gradual stress on their bodies resulting in overuse. Due to this, the soft tissues of the body are stressed out and if this continues and becomes prolonged or chronic, they become a major obstacle in an athlete's performance and make the athlete more prone to injuries or other medical illnesses. For example, if an athlete is already suffering from an injury and has not fully recovered from it, then while playing he becomes more vulnerable to other injuries such as can occur in a football tackle.
Advantages of Sports Massage
Massage which is applied by a professional and competent therapist can benefit in many ways. One of the biggest advantages of sports massage is that it helps in preventing further injuries to the body. It helps in decreasing the tension in the muscles and helps in relaxing stiff muscles. Massage also provides balance to the musculoskeletal system. If the massage is applied regularly, then it helps the athletes in preventing further injuries, which are caused due to overuse. Overuse causes accumulation of stress or tension in the muscles and puts a lot of stress or burden on the muscles, joints, ligaments and tendons.
Usually the tension or imbalances in the muscles are not diagnosed and they continue to build up to the point where they cause serious damage to the athlete. The athlete may not be able to perform to his best ability and may experience pain or discomfort while playing. A professional and a competent massage therapist is able to make out these types of problems in the muscles and soft tissues and will apply massage using correct techniques which benefits the athlete immensely in preserving their healthy physical condition.
Contraindications for Sports Massage
There are certain conditions where sports massage should be avoided; otherwise it can result in more harm than benefit to the sportsperson. Given below are contraindications to massage:
- If you are not feeling well or have a fever over 100°F.
- Recent and acute injury/traumas i.e. open wounds/lacerations, fresh bruising, torn muscle and ligaments, burns or chilblains.
- Tumors or any type of swelling.
- Blood vessel disorders such as thrombosis, varicose veins and phlebitis.
- Any type of infection such as bacterial infection, fungal infection, viral infections, lymphangitis or herpes.
- If you feel worse after a massage instead of feeling better.
- Diabetes, although it is not a strict contraindication, but should be done after consulting with your doctor.
Required Equipment in Massage
The first and foremost equipment which is required for a massage is a lubricant. This enables smooth gliding of hands during massage. For this purpose, massage oils can be used or simple baby oil will also suffice. Care should be taken not to use too much oil, as it will cause lack of control during massage. Apart from a lubricant, the other equipment needed is a firm and flat surface to lie upon during the massage.
Sports Massage Techniques
Essentially there are 3 main techniques used in sports massage which are known as effleurage, petrissage and frictions. Usually, any type of massage is done with the pressure directed towards the heart. This method ensures that the venous and lymphatic flow is increased and that there is no backward pressure of blood on the closed valves and thus prevents blood vessel damage. This method is not used if the purpose of the massage is stretching the muscle fibres, but as strokes used are small in this method, it is quite safe to do it, as there is no chance of accumulation of the pressure.
Technique 1: Effleurage
This technique is used to initiate massage and for even oil application. It also helps in warming up the tissues in order to prepare them for deeper massages. Light strokes are applied using the complete palm of the hand and fingers in an upward direction towards the heart. The direction should always be upwards towards the heart, because this is the direction of the blood flow. Doing it the opposite way causes vein damage. The pressure applied depends on the aim of the massage and the condition for which it is done. The therapist should keep the contact of his hand on the body light, firm and the hands should be shaped according to the natural body contours of the athlete. The pressure used should be light in the beginning and gradually the pressure should be increased. The therapist should perform this massage slowly so as not to miss any tender points. The following are the purposes of effleurage:
- Initiating the massage and making the client comfortable.
- Warm up of the tissues
- To increase the blood flow
- Peripheral nerve stimulation
- To relax the muscles
Technique 2: Petrissage
This is a kneading type of massage technique which helps in additional relaxing and warming up of the muscles. The palms or the knuckles are used in this massage technique. A firm, kneading pressure is applied using the hands. Half the muscle should be pulled towards you using the fingers of one hand and half the muscle should be pushed away using the thumb of the other hand. Then the direction of the massage should be changed to reverse. Try to cover as much area as possible by working the hands up and down the muscle. This technique should be continued for about 5 minutes and can be alternated with the effleurage technique.
Technique 3: Frictions
The thumb is used in a circular motion for massaging. This helps in breaking down the adhesions and scar tissue and helps in separating the muscle fibres. Circular frictions and stripping techniques are used alternatively for deep massage of the muscle tissues. This massage can be painful or uncomfortable for the client and the client should be forewarned about this. This massage is done only for a short amount of time, as prolonged use of this technique causes more harm than benefit and can result in irritation or inflammation of the soft tissues. | <urn:uuid:1430a5c7-003e-44e6-87c4-a7d89eccf3c5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.epainassist.com/manual-therapy/massage-therapy/what-is-a-sports-massage | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00007-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948586 | 1,520 | 2.25 | 2 |
Flossing cannot be recommended other than for sites of gingival and periodontal health
Lexington, Kentucky (PRWEB) September 14, 2016
http://www.tossyourfloss.com The latest controversy over the benefits of flossing one's teeth was a lost opportunity for a more productive conversation, says Dr. Tom Larkin, a dentist in Lexington Kentucky. "The conversation should have been redirected as to what is the most effective way to clean and disinfect the mouth. Flossing is NOT at the top of the list. With gum disease and tooth decay at epidemic levels and now overwhelming evidence that infected gums are causing significant risk for heart attack and stroke, that is where the conversation should have been directed." Two of the nation's leaders on preventive cardiology agree. Dr Bradley Bale and Dr Amy Doneen of the Bale/Doneen method have read Dr Larkin's new book.
"Dr. Thomas J Larkin’s book I’m Free provides excellent knowledge regarding the importance of oral health for total wellness. His emphasis on the germs in the mouth as the critical component driving the health risk is spot on! It is imperative that testing be done to identify the particular oral microorganisms. Fortunately, the germs known to cause risk with heart attacks and strokes can be identified. When uncovered the type of excellent dental care proposed by Dr. Larkin can eradicate the dangerous bacteria. His book is a must read for any savvy consumer who wants to maintain overall health."
Bradley Field Bale, MD
Co-founder of the Bale/Doneen Method
Bestselling Author, The Heart Attack Gene
"Dr. Larkin’s book, “I’m Free” provides direct patient education surrounding optimal oral health and a step-by-step guide to create a healthy mouth and healthy body. Dr. Larkin is an expert in the oral health aspect of the Bale/Doneen Method and it is an honor to advocate for his life-saving work."
Dr. Amy L. Doneen DNP, ARNP Co-founder of the Bale/Doneen Method | <urn:uuid:d269223a-6231-4eb3-97bb-621c62eda8a4> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.prweb.com/releases/2016/09/prweb13679137.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721278.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00148-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.921593 | 437 | 2.421875 | 2 |
Perform HTTP headers lookup with this tool. The HTTP headers lookup tool displays the list of headers sent by a server in response to a HTTP request. This tool can be extremely useful for checking redirects, error codes, server response codes, server software etc.
Enter the desired domain name/URL and select the correct protocol http or https. Example google.com and press the lookup button to view the headers. | <urn:uuid:27cbb8a6-6ce0-4e01-9e44-32d51b526b91> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://websistent.com/tools/http-headers-lookup-tool/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00179-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.753014 | 83 | 1.984375 | 2 |
Humans have come up with a lot of different descriptions of inspiration over the years. We’ve attributed its illusive appearance to, among other things, goddesses, spirits, the collective unconscious, and the phase of the moon.
But what happens in our brains when we get inspired? How do individual neurons communicate to produce bursts of insight and creative vision?
What Is Inspiration, Anyway?
Before diving into the neuroscience, it’s important to get clear on what the word ‘inspiration’ refers to.
As with any psychological phenomenon, scientists need a unified definition of inspiration to direct their research.
One group of psychologists at the College of William and Mary defined inspiration as the “motivational state that compels individuals to bring ideas into fruition,” (Oleynick et. al., 2014).
Oleynick and her co-authors base their definition on the earlier ‘tripartite conceptualization’ of inspiration from psychologists Todd Thrash and Andrew Elliot, who break the phenomenon down into three core components:
In addition to these psychological states, inspiration also has some distinct physiological markers. When we’re inspired, our bodies exhibit elevated levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin.
Dopamine is heavily associated with pleasure, reward, and motivation, while serotonin gives us a sense of well-being and connection (Bergland, 2012).
So, inspiration is a complex union of psychological and physiological states—high motivation and a feeling of altered consciousness on the one hand, an increase in important neurotransmitters on the other.
But what are the other neurological mechanisms in play? How do our brains direct us towards that magical realm full of focus, excitement, and creative association?
This Is Your Brain on Inspiration
Like other concepts and states associated with creativity, inspiration is complicated, slippery, and, consequently, hard to study.
Luckily, during the past fifty years several smart, creative neuroscientists have found ways to apply modern technology to the study of human creativity.
What they’ve found is that the neural underpinnings of inspiration span brain areas and systems. Furthermore, brains in an inspired state produce distinctive patterns of electrical activity known as alpha waves.
Brain Wave Patterns
In a landmark 1978 study, Colin Martindale and Nancy Hasenfus used EEGs to record brain wave patterns over the course of the creative process. The pair found that ‘creatives’ exhibited more alpha waves in the period immediately preceding their creative idea.
A brain wave describes the wave pattern produced by an electroencephalogram (EEG) in response to your brain’s electrical activity.
Brain waves are measured by their frequency—the number of wave cycles that occur per second.
Compared to the other waves our brains produce, alpha waves have a mid-range frequency. Your brain generates them during states of wakeful rest (Larson, 2019).
A small 2015 study found that researchers could increase creativity in subjects using transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) to increase alpha wave activity (Lustenberger et. al., 2015).
While it’s probably not wise to attach electrodes to your head in search of inspiration, the study does suggest a connection between alpha frequencies and creativity.
It’s likely that no single brain region or system governs creativity, per se (Kaufman, 2016). Rather, creativity is a complex and varied process that involves the entire brain.
On a similar note, several neural imaging studies suggest that high levels of creativity are associated with disinhibition across neural networks, which leads to an increase in novel associations (Kaufman, 2016).
Long story short, like other elements of creativity, on a neurological level inspiration is likely linked to communication between brain areas and the constant generation of fresh neural pathways--not a single area (or hemisphere) of the brain.
While it would be nice to point to the brain’s inspiration button, it makes sense that a high-level, conceptual state wouldn’t fall into neat neurological boxes.
Available evidence points to inspiration as a complex state that integrates multiple brain systems.
Furthermore, states we experience as inspiration produce distinctive patterns of electrical activity associated with relaxed, wakeful activities like daydreaming or meditation.
Of course, a neurological approach is just one way to understand inspiration. Scientific descriptions don't need to detract from an appreciation from the mystery and magic of sudden insight.
So light your candles, throw on a guided meditation, and invite some alpha waves into the room--it's time to have a long talk with your personal muse. | <urn:uuid:85149dc0-0add-41af-9afb-b402b0e7d494> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.soniahamer.com/blog/the-neuroscience-of-inspiration | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.92241 | 965 | 3.703125 | 4 |
Elementary schools participating in sock collection drive for people without housing
Hampton Township School District’s three elementary schools are working together on a sock collection drive to help people who are homeless in the Pittsburgh area.
The idea for the collection drive originated with Poff Elementary School’s JAMbethekindkid club while brainstorming ways to help people in need.
Poff second-grade teacher Marilyn Adams, who runs the school’s JAMbethekindkid club, said the group settled on helping homeless shelters. She said one student noted that socks are the number one item requested by homeless shelters.
Adams began researching organizations that the club could donate to when she came across Socks with a Mission, a nonprofit organization founded by a fourth-grade student at Upper St. Clair. In 2021 alone, Socks with a Mission distributed nearly 19,000 pairs of socks in Pittsburgh and surrounding areas, according to the organization’s website.
“I thought that was a really cool opportunity for our kids to be inspired by another student,” Adams said.
The sock collection drive kicked off at Poff, Wyland, and Central Elementary Schools on Jan. 24 and runs through Feb. 4. Each school is asking for new in package pairs of socks. Collection bins are located in the lobby of each school. All sizes – for men, women, and children – are being requested.
“This sock drive is important because people who are homeless need socks to keep their feet warm,” said Poff Elementary School second-grader Leah Martorelli. “They might get frostbite. New socks will cheer them up.”
Adams said the goal is to collect more than 1,000 pairs of socks between the three schools. Students are participating in a “Crazy Sock Day” to promote the collection drive on Jan. 28.
Once sorted between men’s, women’s, and children, the pairs of socks will be counted and distributed to shelters and homeless service providers throughout the city of Pittsburgh and nearby communities.
“Something special about this sock collection is the collaboration among all three buildings,” Adams said. "This is the first time we've worked together on a project and That makes it all the more special.”
To make a donation online, click here. | <urn:uuid:15f00197-c231-4815-aefe-1a4f07a5fd31> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hhs.ht-sd.org/about/high-school-news/high-school-news-stories/~board/htsd-news/post/elementary-schools-participating-in-sock-collection-drive-for-the-homeless | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.955316 | 485 | 1.789063 | 2 |
All Orders Over $400 Attract 10% Discount Use Coupon Code (wholesale10)
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Pumpkin Powder is a finely grounded powder with a sweet, pumpkin taste. It’s great for making soups, pies, breads and scones. Pumpkin Powder is a rich source of antioxidants, protein, fibre, vitamins, & minerals.
Pumpkin Powder is low in fat and high in calcium & an excellent source of starch & protein. When making soup & any sauce it’s a great thickener as well as being tasty.
Pumpkin Powder can be used as a healthier alternative to wheat flour in cooking or baking. It can also serve as a natural food colouring or sweetener in drinks and other dishes. When mixed with water, Pumpkin Powder can be rehydrated to replace canned or fresh pumpkin in many recipes.
Our Pumpkin Powder contains high levels of immunity-boosting nutrients, including Vitamin C and Vitamin A. Both vitamins have been shown to provide immune system support and reduce the risk of conditions like measles.
Pumpkin Powder is an ideal ingredient for diabetic & cardiovascular disease patients.
Ingredients: 100% Pumpkin
Free from additives and preservatives
1 Cup of Pumpkin Powder = 180g
Review by Jane P. on 21 Jul 2020review stating Excellent pumpkin powder
l, tomato powder, onion powder, garlic powder.
You can use this powder to thicken other soups, or sauces.
Add it to muffins, cakes, cookies to boost flavour, fibre and goodness.
The possibilities are endless.
Earn up to 125 Points. | <urn:uuid:5203645b-92ad-47e9-9983-42f33e33f234> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://purewellness.com.au/product/dehydrated-pumkin-powder/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00479.warc.gz | en | 0.880604 | 363 | 1.65625 | 2 |
A Monthly Budget
Planning a monthly budget can be a particularly important exercise
for students. Often students have unrealistic expectations about
earning a living once they leave high school. They dramatically
underestimate the extent of everyday living expenses. Building
monthly budgets using actual expenses has long been a staple activity
of life skills math. By transferring this activity to a spreadsheet,
students can adjust and tinker with their budget, play with "what if"
scenarios, and make plans for long-term changes such as having a
family. They can also use charts such as pie charts to represent the
major portions of their monthly budget.
Note: a more complex form of this exercise can be found in
Students learn how to organize data, use basic operations
in the context of planning, and ask "what if" questions.
- Compute quantities that may include whole numbers,
decimals, and percents
- Gather data from various sources
- Solve a real-life problem using a spreadsheet
- Estimate results of computations and make adjustments
by asking "what if" questions
Discussion and Activities
Computer Lab Activities
Discussion and Activities
- Develop a Monthly Income
- Students need to work from realistic incomes. There are
many ways to do this. Gather hourly wage income from a variety
of sources (school district, fast food chains, etc.), make up
the data based on the current minimum wage, or have the
students collect this information before they start this
- It's up to you how detailed you want to be about this
income. You can start from an hourly wage to get a monthly
gross income (hourly wage x 40 hours per week x 4 weeks) and
then subtract all of the deductions (income tax, FICA, etc.).
You may want to do this on a spreadsheet file as well. If you
want to keep it simple, just approximate a monthly net income
based on the gross income.
- Build a List of Monthly Expenses
- Help students build a list of all the expenses they would
need to live on their own. Either research prices/costs in your
area or have students research some of the expenses. Use phone
books to call insurance agents and apartment managers.
Classified adds will give prices for used cars and apartments.
You can use budget.doc as a take home sheet for
collecting these expenses.
- Discuss the difference between fixed and variable expenses.
A sample budget is outlined in budget.xls. Help students
build a list of categories which vary from month to month and
may be optional such as:
- a) going out/dating
- b) tuition (college or trade school)
- c) hair cuts/beauty supplies
- d) gifts
- e) dry cleaning/laundry
- f) newspaper/magazines
- Make a Budget for Start-up Costs
- In addition to the normal monthly expenses, there are "one
time" expenses incurred when moving into an apartment or house.
An example of what that looks like can be seen below.
- a) Apartment or house rental damage deposit
- b) Utility deposits or hook-up fees, water, sewer,
- c) Moving costs (rental of truck)
- d) Basics of stocking an apartment-cleaning supplies,
toiletries, paper supplies, basic groceries, dishes,
- Have student devise a plan for how funds will be acquired
for these expenses. You can ask the following kinds of
questions: "How would you obtain the money for these start-up
expenses?" "How long would it take you to save for them?"
- Build a Spreadsheet to Calculate the Expenses
- Using spreadsheet grid paper (see Grid Worksheets)
have students write in their expenses and formulas. This
spreadsheet uses only addition and subtraction formulas. See
sample in budget.xls.
Teacher Note: This is a good lesson in which to
use a SUM formula. The formula =sum(B2:B26) totals the
numbers in cells B2 to B26. Consult your spreadsheet manual
for further details on formulas if you are not familiar with
- Have students enter data from their worksheets into a
spreadsheet and have them check their work for accuracy.
- Develop methods to reduce expenses such as:
- a) get a roommate to share rent and utilities
- b) use the bus or a bicycle instead of buying a car
- c) wait to make a major purchase such as stereo or new
- d) live at home
- Provide a list of changes and have students adjust their
budget. You can create a variety of scenarios such as:
- a) You get sick and have to pay a doctor's bill of
- b) Your car breaks down or needs new tires which cost
- c) You get a Christmas bonus of $100.
- Add expenses for starting a family (e.g., getting married,
having a baby).
- Multiply the monthly expenses to come up with a yearly budget
- Make pie chart of one month's expenses (see Pie | <urn:uuid:6e5390ca-0e0f-457e-8dec-8bd1af5f04a2> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www2.ups.edu/community/tofu/lev2/mathconcepts/data/budg1.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719136.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00466-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.901088 | 1,094 | 4.5 | 4 |
Born in 1978 in Zvishavane District in Zimbabwe, Mbizo was inspired by his social surroundings at a young age. As a young man, Mbizo quickly gained prominence as a performing poet and writer both in Zimbabwe and internationally.
The themes of his poetry include children’s rights, politics, social lives, gender issues, praise and protest, culture and African pride. Mbizo’s poems can be read in print, but are even more powerful when performed by the dynamic poet himself. With a vision of using his poetry to promote peace, healing, stability, and cultural freedom, Mbizo is a poet with commitment, talent, and a desire to perform whenever and wherever he can.
On March 22, 2011 The United States Embassy hosted Mbizo Chirasha for a discussion of the metaphor of voices and rhythm of words featuring a scintillating recital of his works to mark World Poetry Day.
The Embassy is pleased to mark this important day. Poetry calls forth those voices in society that would otherwise go unheard and gives them a powerful tool for expressing their deepest feelings, thoughts and beliefs. Poets have the power to influence hearts and change minds, said Michael Brooke, Public Diplomacy Officer at the US Embassy in Harare.
In typical poetic form, Chirasha told his audience, which included students from Westridge High School in Harare, that, metaphors are the lotion drying political syphilis from the manhood of the state, my pen is a broom sweeping vendetta pebbles from talk tables, and my ink is a detergent cleansing political stains from parliament overalls.
Chirasha, whose work is featured in over 40 journals and anthologies around the world, says the common theme in most of his poems has been respect for women and recognizing their suffering and endurance.
Chirasha read some of his published works, including Identity Apples, Anthem of the Black Poet, Decade of Bullets, Haiti My Generation, and the popular African Names.
Asked why he preferred publishing outside the country, Chirasha bemoaned the lack of structures to support writers in Zimbabwe, saying, We lack that administrative connection in terms of writing. We lack consensus as writers, and publishing houses are closing shop. Contributing to the discussion, another poet, Thando Sibanda, said the study of literature should be made compulsory at all levels of education in Zimbabwe so as to promote an environment that supports writers and poets.Post published in: Uncategorized | <urn:uuid:4f2b6add-09e5-4206-a118-bef3b2931e7c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thezimbabwean.co/2011/04/harares-poet-of-hope/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571536.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811224716-20220812014716-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.970554 | 511 | 2.515625 | 3 |
[Edu-sig] The fate of raw_input() in Python 3000
john.zelle at wartburg.edu
Sat Sep 9 17:18:40 CEST 2006
On Friday 08 September 2006 4:27 pm, kirby urner wrote:
> On 9/8/06, kirby urner <kirby.urner at gmail.com> wrote:
> > You're not making a monkey out of your mom, by making her loop through
> > some little menu, oblivious of the language underneath, its logic and
> > design. You're "protecting you mother" (aka paradigm end user) from
> > knowing *anything* about Python. That's your goal, that's the whole
> > point (i.e. end user = not a programmer).
> Just to clarify: I think it *is* condescending to newbies to force
> them through a lot of raw_input scripts, since this is:
> (a) not state of the art from and end user's point of view nor is it (not
This is like saying that Physics students have to start with General
Relativity and Quantum Mechanics, because those are state of the art. No one
is denying that it's good to teach GUI programming at some point. Is that the
simplest way to introduce programming? My learning philosophy is to always
search out the simplest thing that illustrates the principles I want my
students to learn at the moment. Anything more complex is just adding noise
and complicating the learning process.
> (b) not state of the art "coding for self" idiom (which'd be more
> shell interactive)
While I accept the power of twiddling in the shell particularly as an
educational tool (again, I come from a Lisp/Prolog tradition), this statement
is just silly. How can you define "state of the art" for any "self" but your
own. When I write a script to automate some routine task, I virtually always
use interactive text input. Why? Because the whole point is to make something
routine and automatic. Why would I write a program that forces me to:
Import a module
Recall what I'm suppose to invoke and what information it needs.
Instead I can write an incredibly simply script that I just click on, and when
it needs information it prompts me for it. That's _my_ state of the art in
programming for myself. And it's something I can teach students to do for
themselves in very short order.
Whether I'm writing for myself or whether I want my students to be able to
write the simplest possible useful programs for themselves and others, that
involves textual input. I'll say it one more time: IO is fundamental to
programming; the simplest universal form of IO deserves to be in the core
language so that it is easily accessible and available everywhere the
language runs. Pascal got that right and Python (pre 3000) has it right.
> As teachers, we shouldn't be propagating the hidden assumptions that
> go with raw_input, i.e. that there's this class if people out there
> "too dumb" to know anything about namespaces or functions.
Translate this to any other discipline. Running with my physics example: "As
teachers, we shouldn't be propogating the hidden assumptions that go with
Newtonian mechanics, i.e. that there's this class of people out there 'too
dumb' to know anything about quantum physics or general relativity." Does
that really make sense? The fact that there is more advanced stuff that they
will surely learn in due course is in no way a justification for not teaching
simpler, useful concepts first.
> I'm saying this'll all be common knowledge soon.
Define "soon." I see the same demographic as Brad Miller. My students are
freshman in college who have never programmed. And frankly, I'm OK with that.
> We'll know about 'strings' just as surely as we know about 'numbers'.
> Why? Because "computer literacy" is not just for some tiny inner
> circle. It's just basic fluency. Like my friend Gene Fowler puts it
> (paraphrasing): any poet worth his or her salt should know about XML
> already. http://controlroom.blogspot.com/2006/08/more-cast.html
None of the poets I know care a twiddle about XML. I guess we just move in
John M. Zelle, Ph.D. Wartburg College
Professor of Computer Science Waverly, IA
john.zelle at wartburg.edu (319) 352-8360
More information about the Edu-sig | <urn:uuid:ba1154fd-9737-41d3-a440-1398f07ce8b1> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://mail.python.org/pipermail/edu-sig/2006-September/007066.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719041.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00167-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.923824 | 1,022 | 1.890625 | 2 |
Although we have witnessed an incredibly volatile US campaign that held a certain voyeuristic appeal for so many months, we have not learned a great deal about the president-elect’s views on many issues that will impact generations to come.
Many of the longer-term policy questions that have emerged internationally around the environment and energy, and that will impact Canadians as global citizens, have hardly been part of the conversation. In recent years, despite our two countries’ different views on policy, we have realized that it has been important to create dialogue with the United States on these issues so that the discussion is not polarized. Even though some of these discussions are difficult, by avoiding them we are creating uncertainty in our long-term economic planning, hardening positions and missing opportunities to build a transitional energy economy.
In an increasingly interconnected global economy, the future of North America’s economic growth and our economic potential will depend on our ability to work well together on issues that affect us jointly and also on broader multilateral concerns. Policy choices on climate change and energy will have dramatic effects on the economies of Canada, the United States and beyond.
As Canadians, we understand the importance of energy to our economy. We will continue to need energy in all forms and the energy infrastructure to support the North American economy, including transmission systems and pipelines. Globally, we also see governments with emerging economies continuing with the development of energy exploration and production to enhance the quality of life of their citizens. In order to guarantee a supply of energy for economic growth, we will need to manage the transition from conventional to sustainable energy and make difficult choices about transportation, infrastructure and and even new forms of renewable power generation and transmission.
In addition, a global movement to address climate change is continuing to grow, which we would ignore to our detriment. Leadership from the United States, as one of the world’s larger industrial powers and a significant multilateral player, has been fundamental to setting the direction of the discussion and making policy choices that have impacted it.
The International Energy Agency has developed new approaches, such as the Clean Energy Ministerial forum, created and principally supported by President Barack Obama’s administration. That initiative has developed strategies for national policy-makers and the private sector to more quickly deploy sustainable technologies in the production and consumption of electricity.
Many of these ideas were part of new trilateral initiatives with respect to energy infrastructure and the creation of a North American Climate, Clean Energy, and Environment Partnership, outlined this past June at the most recent trilateral summit of heads of government. The strategy would develop innovative approaches and sensible plans to monitor the energy sector’s impact on the environment, enhance energy literacy and create more jobs as part of a continental dialogue on a more sustainable energy economy.
These are not simple issues, and they did not elicit much if any public discussion during the American campaign. It is often the case that some complicated policy options are developed in further detail only once campaigns are over and the transition begins.
The concern is that in the current political environment, a critical dialogue on climate change and energy security might not occur any time soon. The Trump administration has been charged with bringing dramatic policy change to the United States. To achieve this quickly, the new administration is more likely to focus on the management of short-term political issues than the longer-term strategic thinking that is required.
We know that the evolving partnership between Canada, the United States and Mexico has been an exciting development. There has been real momentum behind the drive to use the relationship to look at common areas of interest: security, trade, immigration and economic growth.
Now we will see if there is any appetite within the new administration to continue that work, or whether some of the more sensational elements from the campaign trail will dominate the political agenda to the detriment of global dialogue on energy and environment.
Photo: Andrew Cline / Shutterstock.com
This article is part of The US Presidential Election special feature.
Do you have something to say about the article you just read? Be part of the Policy Options discussion, and send in your own submission. Here is a link on how to do it. | Souhaitez-vous réagir à cet article ? Joignez-vous aux débats d’Options politiques et soumettez-nous votre texte en suivant ces directives. | <urn:uuid:5dd9d6a0-7d9c-4463-8087-7ecf4d2d46aa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://policyoptions.irpp.org/magazines/november-2016/what-we-dont-know-about-trumps-plans/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.939507 | 892 | 2.125 | 2 |
Georgia’s health insurance landscape is changing under the Affordable Care Act. As a state with historically high percentages of uninsured individuals, it is seeing improvements.
Health insurance options available to people living in Georgia include job-based coverage, plans sold through the state’s federally facilitated exchange, public programs such as Medicaid and CHIP, and private marketplace plans. We offer ACA-compliant health insurance plans in both the on-exchange marketplace and on private, off-exchange marketplaces.
Georgia and the Affordable Care Act
When the Affordable Care Act’s key provisions took effect and 2014 open enrollment began, the state defaulted to a federally facilitated exchange. Georgians who buy their own health insurance coverage can shop for subsidy-eligible plans through the health insurance marketplace.
Those who do not qualify for income-based financial assistance (i.e., premium tax credits and cost-sharing reductions) might explore their coverage options in the private marketplace. We provide Georgia health insurance quotes for ACA-compliant health plans as well as additional coverage that includes short-term health plans, dental insurance plans, supplemental health plans, and Medicare supplement plans.
Employers with 50 or fewer full-time employees can offer healthcare benefits through the federal Small Business Health Options Program (SHOP) and may qualify for tax credits when they do.
Medicaid expansion in Georgia
Georgia is among the states that have not expanded Medicaid to single, low-income adults ages 19 to 64. Learn more about Medicaid and eligibility requirements.
In Georgia, the Children’s Health Insurance Program is called PeachCare for Kids. This program provides comprehensive healthcare to eligible children. More information about PeachCare for Kids is available at http://dch.georgia.gov/peachcare-kids.
Having a high incidence of residents that lack Health Insurance coverage is one of the factors that push Georgia back into the bottom states in the country when it comes to health issues. Within the U.S., this state is the 38th healthiest state.
Some of the biggest reasons and causes that push this state towards the bottom of the ranking are the big geographical disparity within the state, combined with the fact that there are not enough physicians per 100,000. Not only it’s difficult to ensure proper health care in this state, as there are not enough physicians, but it’s also hard to provide accessible health care with such a high geographical disparity and incidence of residents lacking health insurance coverage.
What can be done to improve the health status of Georgia and its residents? Preventive health care needs to be implemented among the people of this state, and Accessibility needs to be improved to ensure that, in case Health Care is needed, it’s not only available but also efficient. | <urn:uuid:a63d7ef0-d898-4cc6-9523-ca49e9a798c1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://myaffordablehealthcare.net/georgia-healthcare/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.944971 | 576 | 2.046875 | 2 |
MIAMI (AP) — A Florida teenager who was severely burned when she attempted to pour gasoline on a New Year’s Eve bonfire remains in critical condition.
The Palm Beach Post reports the 14-year-old girl is in a medically-induced coma in a Miami hospital with burns over 95 percent of her body.
A St. Lucie County Sheriff’s report says the girl was sitting by a bonfire Sunday when she picked up a can of gasoline to fuel the fire. The can exploded in her hands, covering her in flames.
An 18-year-old whom she was visiting and his parents attempted to put out the flames. All four were taken to the hospital with burns.
Kendall Regional Medical Center spokesman Peter Jude says the young man is in fair condition. His parents were released. | <urn:uuid:2ea17f90-0003-4f84-b116-37ed772d3035> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newstalkflorida.com/news/teen-burned-new-years-eve-bonfire-medical-coma/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.981066 | 169 | 1.640625 | 2 |
Seatbelts save lives, but what about helmets?
A biker group in Michigan says fatalities in the state decreased after a law was enacted this year allowing people to ride motorcycles without protection for their heads, according to The Detroit News.
American Bikers Aiming Toward Education cite Michigan State Police data comparing the first eight months of 2011, to the first half of 2012 and found that the number of fatalities dropped from 89 to 85, despite an increase in motorcycle registrations over the same period.
The group did not provide any information on what percentage of riders are not wearing helmets.
The new law went into effect on April 12, 2012 and requires those who wish to not wear a helmet to be over 21 years old and either have had their license for two years or complete a rider safety course.
Responding to the group’s claim, a AAA of Michigan spokeswoman told the Detroit News that it was based on “very preliminary data,” and that it is too early to reach any conclusions.
“We know by looking at data from every other state that has repealed its helmet law that fatalities and injuries went up,” the spokesperson said.
A study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that only 12 percent of fatal motorcycle accidents nationwide happened in the 20 states that require helmets for all riders.
AAA has forecasted an additional 30 fatalities per year in Michigan as a result of the new law. | <urn:uuid:46efc607-051f-4068-aaef-2f655cf7e4f5> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.foxnews.com/leisure/2012/10/03/fatalities-drop-after-michigan-allows-motorcycle-riders-to-not-wear-helmets/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721174.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00282-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963402 | 293 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Napoleon Hill, who was the author of the classic book on success, Think and Grow Rich, described a Mastermind as “a coordination of knowledge and effort, in a spirit of harmony between two or more people, for the attainment of a definite purpose. This form of cooperative alliance has been the basis of nearly every great success.”
Imagine having the support of other like-minded entrepreneurs, working together to reach a common goal: to have a profitable, rewarding and FUN business that feeds your soul AND impacts the world. I’ve been a member of different masterminds for over 5 years now, and I know from personal experience that the force of this “meeting of the minds” creates is literally unstoppable. Success truly becomes inevitable when you are propelled forward this way.
Specifically, here are three reasons why:
1) We become like those we frequently associate with.
You may have heard of the quote by the personal development guru Jim Rohn that says, “You are the average of the five people you spend the most time with.” Think about it: when you spend a lot of time with people who complain, blame, criticize and generally have a very poor outlook on life, it’s very hard not to be dragged down right along with them.
In contrast, if you associate with motivated, success-minded people who are focused on achieving and doing great things, those are the same people who will usually want to take you right along with them. Surround yourself with that type of energy, and you cannot help but be lifted higher.
2) Without continual support and inspiration, an entrepreneur does not thrive.
In a mastermind, you will very often form sacred relationships with others in the group who will provide encouragement when you feel ready to throw in the towel, inspiration when you’re creatively tapped out, and a sounding board for your ideas, dreams and fears.
Entrepreneurship can get lonely and tough, and the connections you form in a mastermind can be the key to pushing forward in times where others would have called it quits.
We’ve all heard the concept of “two minds are better than one.” Now imagine 5, or 10, or 15 or more. The members of a mastermind bring their unique knowledge, experiences, connections and input to the table–and this is where the real “power of the group” becomes astounding.
In this structured environment of support, you benefit immensely from varied perspectives and feedback. You will also often get connected to resources and connections you may have never been able to access on your own.
You don’t have to walk this journey all alone. When you get the support and the plan and the specific how-to to implement it, what you’ll really be getting is the freedom to have the business you really want, the income you really want, and the lifestyle you really want.
And you DO want that, right? 🙂
Because I am dedicated to creating a powerful, supportive environment to help women entrepreneurs achieve the success they want, I have created my own Mastermind program with one singular goal: to have you enjoy your own highly-successful and sustainable business online.
In the IMPACT Mastermind, you’ll learn how to grow your business in an exponential way–which will in turn not only impact your life, your business, and the lives of those around you…but even the legacy you leave behind. Learn more about IMPACT here. | <urn:uuid:0de3b57d-11ca-4680-8f18-0b284f464dcb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://shesgotclients.com/business-building/3-ways-mastermind-change-business/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.962587 | 720 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Step 2: UV Setup
In Step 2, you choose how the UV mesh should be recalculated (if at all). You can also choose whether the objects or materials should share the same texture or each be assigned their own separate texture.
Disable this option if the objects already have UVs suitable for painting. Otherwise leave the option enabled and the Paint Setup Wizard will optimize the UVs.
These four algorithms enable you to choose how the UV mesh will be optimized. They will only have an effect if Recalculate UV is enabled. These algorithms are also available in the UV Mapping manager, where they are called: Optimal (Cubic), Optimal (Angle), Realign and Relaxation Steps. See UV Edit Menu, for details on these algorithms.
Enable this option if you want the objects to share the same material. This is especially useful if you are designing characters for games where you need to be as efficient as you possibly can with the textures. Each object will be assigned its own UV mesh and portion of the texture. You will still be able to paint the objects separately even though they share the same material (see the picture above).
If on the other hand you want a separate material assigned to each object, disable the option. The materials and textures will be named according to the names of the objects.
Click Previous to go back to Step 1 or click Next to proceed to Step 3. | <urn:uuid:0e504af7-5435-4015-9b11-fbe5366676cd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://help.maxon.net/us/html/11565.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00343-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.905013 | 289 | 2.234375 | 2 |
how to make edible flowers for cakes: 10 Things I Wish I’d Known Earlier
I love the idea of using edible flowers for cakes.
We made some of these fun and addictive decorations, but the only edible ones we got were some cute little green dahlias (dahlias I got at the craft store) and some cute little daffodils (daffodils I got at the craft store).
The best part about edible flowers for cakes, is that they can be as simple or as complicated as you like. You can use them to create flowers for cookies, as garnish, or even as decor. You can use them for decorating cake-shaped boxes, or as a base for a cake. Or you can use them to create a flower-shaped cake for a party (which is pretty awesome).
For edible flowers, I think it’s really important to keep the design simple. You can get flowers that are too busy and too messy and you can get flowers that are too simple and too cute. I tried to think of a flower that looked like an orchid, but it was very hard to figure out the shape.
I actually liked the simple orchid-like flowers they did have, but I didn’t like the more complicated ones. I didn’t like the pink, yellow, or blue ones because they looked like they were made with a paintbrush and not made by an actual flower. I also didn’t like the red ones because it was too pretty.
I like the red ones because it is very pretty. I think it is because of the red dye in them. It makes the flowers look really lively. I have been working on my own version of a red edible flower that I thought might be fun to eat.
I really hate the purple and the yellow ones because I hate the pink ones because I love those colors! I like the pink ones, but the yellow ones are quite different.
I wouldnt even consider them as edible flowers. I like the red ones because it is a beautiful and delicious variety of flowers. It is so pretty. I wouldnt even consider them edible flowers. They are the best color I’ve seen in my life.
The edible flowers that Ive made are all red, pink, and yellow.
These edible flowers aren’t bad per se. They are very, very delicious. The trick is actually finding the right combinations of colors. The red and pink ones are super easy to find, and the yellow ones are very specific. But I think the pink ones are more creative in the way they look. | <urn:uuid:7a1ebbd9-24c6-4c01-9f36-2953ada5bf42> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://cupcake-recipes.com/how-to-make-edible-flowers-for-cakes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.978983 | 541 | 1.570313 | 2 |
London, Sep 11: The festival of 'Raksha Bandhan' has been celebrated at the British Parliament, with political leaders and diplomats attending the event organised by a group that promotes the interests of British Hindus.
India's Deputy High Commissioner Virendra Paul; MP Virendra Sharma, MP Shailesh Vara, MP Gavin Barwell, members of the community, councillors and several lawmakers attended the event hosted by the All Party Parliamentary Group (APPG) for British Hindus led by its Chair MP Bob Blackman.
"The APPG is playing an active role in lobbying for repealing the caste discrimination legislation that has angered the Hindu, Sikh and Jain community across the board," said Blackman. He also stated that an Early Day Motion on Human Rights violations in Pakistan-Occupied Kashmir has been tabled by him in the House of Commons.
The motion not only condemned the acts of human rights violations in the region but also called on India to demand from Pakistan to not only put an end to the increasing cross border terrorism but also to revert to the original pre-October 1947 border. Delivering the keynote address, Dhruv Chhatralia, a lawyer and Hindu scholar, spoke about the festival and its symbolism as reflected in the teachings of the Gita.
"The festival of Raksha Bandhan reminds us of our duty not only to protect our loved ones but also to protect that which unites us," he said. The celebration ended with an exchange of 'Rakhis'. | <urn:uuid:42ec56c5-c48e-4d9c-b505-902ecfb47d5d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.oneindia.com/international/raksha-bandhan-celebrated-uk-parliament-1866099.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00569-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968471 | 306 | 1.78125 | 2 |
Inactive ingredients are components of a drug product that do not increase or affect the therapeutic action of the active ingredient, which is usually the active drug. Inactive ingredients are added during the manufacturing process of pharmaceutical products such as tablets, capsules, suppositories, and injections. Inactive ingredients may also be referred to as inert ingredients or excipients, and generally have no pharmacological effect. Examples of inactive ingredients include binding materials (which may be excipients), dyes, preservatives, and flavoring agents. Agents that combine with active ingredients to facilitate drug transport in the body are also considered inactive.
The FDA approves inactive ingredients that are included in pharmaceutical products. However, not all inactive ingredients are always inactive. Alcohol is one example of an ingredient that may be active or inactive based on the specific formulation of the medication. Patients may have allergic reactions or other adverse effects to inactive ingredients. If a patient has a known allergic reaction to an inactive ingredient, they should check for the ingredient in new prescription or over-the-counter medications or check with their pharmacist. Examples of inactive ingredients that are have been reported to cause reactions in some patients include: sulfites, benzoates, aspartame, saccharin, oleic acid, benzyl alcohol, lactose, soya lecithin, propylene glycol, and sorbitan trioleate. Patients who have allergic or adverse reactions to certain inactive ingredients may be able to use products that are color- or preservative-free. | <urn:uuid:944e97bc-dabb-4ff5-b9a4-c3b10abaa3f9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.drugs.com/inactive/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00058-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.924407 | 307 | 3.3125 | 3 |
The elements for a successful trademark infringement claim have been well established under both federal and state case law. In a nutshell, a plaintiff in a trademark case has the burden of proving that the defendant's use of a mark has created a likelihood-of-confusion about the origin of the defendant's goods or services. To do this, the plaintiff should first show that it has developed a protectable trademark right in a trademark. The plaintiff then must show that the defendant is using a confusingly similar mark in such a way that it creates a likelihood of confusion, mistake and/or deception with the consuming public. The confusion created can be that the defendant's products are the same as that of the plaintiff, or that the defendant is somehow associated, affiliated, connected, approved, authorized or sponsored by plaintiff.
Eight factors for likelihood of confusion
To analyze whether a particular situation has developed the requisite "likelihood of confusion," courts have generally looked at the following eight factors:
- the similarity in the overall impression created by the two marks (including the marks' look, phonetic similarities, and underlying meanings);
- the similarities of the goods and services involved (including an examination of the marketing channels for the goods);
- the strength of the plaintiff's mark;
- any evidence of actual confusion by consumers;
- the intent of the defendant in adopting its mark;
- the physical proximity of the goods in the retail marketplace;
- the degree of care likely to be exercised by the consumer; and
- the likelihood of expansion of the product lines.
The first five of these factors are examined in every trademark infringement action. The last three factors are the most common additional factors that are considered by a court.
Of these eight factors, the first two are arguable the most important. The similarity of the marks is clearly an important part in establishing likelihood of confusion, but it is far from determinative. It is possible for the same, identical mark to be used in the same geographic area without any trademark infringement occurring, as long as the goods or services of the parties are sufficiently dissimilar. As an example, a quick review of the Minneapolis phone book lists numerous companies operating under the name SPEEDY. The services offered by these companies are as follows:
- Car washing services;
- Locksmith services;
- Grocery retail services;
- Printing services;
- Plumbing services;
- Sign creation services; and
- Video rental services.
In one way, these companies are a good example that the same mark can exist on multiple goods and services as long as the goods and services are sufficiently difference. However, this may be a poor example since the SPEEDY mark may be too descriptive to function as a trademark without proof of secondary meaning (see BitLaw's discussion of the strength of marks for further information).
Remedies available for trademark infringement
The most common form of relief granted to a successful plaintiff in a trademark infringement lawsuit is an injunction against further infringement. If the infringed mark was federally registered, attorneys fees would also be available to a successful plaintiff. Monetary damages are also available under the Lanham Act, but in practice are rarely awarded in trademark lawsuits. | <urn:uuid:3395c7b4-25de-4e2c-a198-e9c9e7c53642> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bitlaw.com/trademark/infringe.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.947318 | 657 | 1.671875 | 2 |
More and more automotive giants are investing billions into partnerships with tech companies, as we are gearing towards the domination of autonomous and electric vehicles.
The latest deal of this type was agreed between GM and LG Chem. The $2.3 billion joint venture will see the latter producing battery cells and is considered “more than a collaboration”, but a necessity, considering the current status of the industry.
The announcement between the two companies just adds to a constantly growing list, as automotive companies are trying to share the costs of electric and autonomous models, claims a report from CNBC.
Constant focus on new technologies
Annually, car manufacturers, such as GM, spend billions on emerging technologies, trying to gain an upper hand on what looks like a multitrillion-dollar business, the same source reveals. Even though a lot of people believe that there’s room for a complete transformation of transportation and lowering global carbon emissions, it’s still too early to think about such plans. Not to mention that the electric and autonomous branch is still unprofitable.
Investing in new technologies and managing to keep traditional business operations profitable can be considered one of the main drivers for these latest automotive partnerships, says Mark Wakefield, managing partner and global co-leader of AlixPartners’ automotive and industrial practice.
“All these things take this tremendous investment and aren’t going to pay off with a top-end profit next year of the year after that,” he said for CNBC.
“But they are somewhat existential if you want to be in the game 10 years from now. That’s where partnerships come into play.”
Earlier this year, AlixPartners revealed that the automotive industry’s annual costs for investing in autonomous driving technologies and EVs revolves will reach a total of $85 billion by 20205.
Are we fully prepared for embracing EVs and autonomous cars?
The interesting part is the entire amount spent on electric vehicles is almost equal to the total spent by automotive companies on capital expenditures, as well as research and development.
“To invest in these electric vehicles and CASE (connected, autonomous, shared, electric vehicles) in general, you’re taking one years’ worth of investment out of every five out of the picture,” Mark Wakefield added.
“That’s an extraordinary amount to take out and keep the trains running on time of your vehicle programs and traditional business.”
So far, some of the most important partnerships of the year have been, as mentioned above, between automotive companies and big names in the tech industry, as they were looking forward to sharing costs.
We should, of course, mention the planned merger between PSA Group, which owns brands like Peugeot and Citroen, and Fiat Chrysler. This would lead to the creation of the fourth-largest automaker, valued at around $50 billion.
As for GM’s partnership with LG Chem, it includes a joint development agreement to conceive advanced battery technologies but is also expected to drive cost per kilowatt-hours, otherwise a key metric for reducing the price of EVs.
“It marks the beginning of a great journey that will create an emission-free society and transform the global automotive market into an eco-friendly era,” said Hak-Cheol Shin, LG Chem Vice Chairman and CEO. | <urn:uuid:84199698-4d03-401e-9b67-48cbcc23d806> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://forexdistribution.com/tech-companies-and-automakers-join-forces-to-reduce-costs | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.95499 | 698 | 2.171875 | 2 |
I’ve often referred to Boomers and Gen Yers in my blog posts without defining exactly who I’m talking about. I use the definitions that Forrester Research has used for the past few years: Gen Yers are born between 1975-1990, Gen Xers 1964-1974, Boomers 1946-1963, and Seniors pre-1946.
And although I thought that the Millennials were born after 1990, more and more I’m seeing the terms Gen Y and Millennial used interchangeably.
I didn’t consider this blogworthy until I saw the Nov/Dec 2007 issue of BAI Banking Strategies magazine. An article titled Banking on the Future with Generation Y shows data from Javelin Research that contains the following note:
Baby boomers defined as people born between 1945 and 1965, Generation X between 1961 and 1981 and Generation Y between 1979 and 1999.”
Not only are these dates radically different from what I’ve used in the past, there’s a huge overlap! According to Javelin, if you were born between 1961 and 1965, then you are a Boomer and a Gen Xer. Born between 1979 and 1981? Then you’re an XYer (which genetically makes you a ….never mind).
This isn’t inconsequential. Of about 110 million households in the US, about 14 million would be classified as BoomerXers, and 5 million XYers.
We need a standard definition. Who’s in charge of this stuff? | <urn:uuid:e34e209d-824a-4a55-b5c0-7972bc700018> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thefinancialbrand.com/news/snarketing/will-somebody-please-definitively-define-the-generations-46543/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573667.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819100644-20220819130644-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.956828 | 318 | 2.34375 | 2 |
Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad has appeared in parliament for an unprecedented grilling by lawmakers dissatisfied with his performance, Iranian media reported on Wednesday.
Ahmadinejad was accompanied by a number of cabinet ministers to the special session, state news agency IRNA said, after being summoned last month by a group of hostile MPs.
He is the first president to be summoned by parliament in the history of the Islamic Republic.
The president has been widely accused of wasting resources on government handouts and critics say his withdrawal of food and fuel subsidies has resulted in rampant inflation.
Traditionalist factions have been trying to summon the president for months over his government's handling of the economy and his challenging supreme leader Ayatollah Khamenei's reinstatement of the intelligence minister who Ahmadinjead had sacked.
Responding to a question about his absence, the president was quoted by IRNA as saying: This is one of those things. Ahmadinejad staying home and resting. Some of my friends have repeatedly told me to rest. In this government, work has never been stopped for even a day.
The president played down the historic significance of the session, saying it was the parliament's right and not out of the ordinary.
I was ready to answer questions before the election, he said, referring to recent parliamentary polls. But I thought it might have an impact on election results and then I would be blamed for it. I am the easiest to blame, he said.
He was also accused of botching the financing of the extension to the Tehran metro system and quizzed on the veracity of government figures showing 1.6 million jobs were created in 2009 and 2010.
Attacks against Ahmadinejad have been partly fuelled by a rift between him and Khamenei that became public last year.
Khamenei loyalists began undermining the presidency by accusing Ahmadinejad's advisers of challenging the supreme leader and threatening the foundations of the Islamic Republic.
The president's standing was further damaged in a parliamentary election this month that was dominated by candidates supporting Khamenei.
The theocratic nation's first president, Abolhassan Banisadr, was impeached in 1981 and fled the country after being accused of threatening Iran's new religious foundations.
(Editing by Louise Ireland) | <urn:uuid:20cb65ba-bc37-46ef-81dc-f865ed204929> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ibtimes.com/irans-ahmadinejad-faces-hostile-lawmaker-questions-510438 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00048-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.983013 | 463 | 1.78125 | 2 |
Issue No. 04 - July-August (1997 vol. 17)
DOI Bookmark: http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/38.595276
The Year 2000 software conversion effort has dramatically illustrated how time-consuming and costly it is to maintain large computer systems, especially when each system consists of millions of lines of source code. Understanding how the components of a system interact with each other is a key factor in being able to implement portfolio-wide changes, add new features, and provide ongoing maintenance to the system. Any help that software developers can get in making existing software systems easier to understand can improve developer productivity, enhance software quality, and reduce development cycles-all leading to faster time to market.
Daniel E. Fyock, "Using Visualization to Maintain Large Computer Systems", IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, vol. 17, no. , pp. 73-75, July-August 1997, doi:10.1109/38.595276 | <urn:uuid:cfe154b6-7d06-4b3d-af43-929147ac860d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.computer.org/csdl/mags/cg/1997/04/mcg1997040073-abs.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719136.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00466-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.842395 | 208 | 2.40625 | 2 |
Human Behaviour in Organisations G (9502.3)
|Available teaching periods||Delivery mode||Location|
|View teaching periods|| Flexible
|| UC - Canberra, Bruce
|0.125||3||Faculty Of Business, Government & Law|
|Discipline||Study level||HECS Bands|
|Canberra Business School||Graduate Level|| Band 4 2021 (Commenced After 1 Jan 2021)
Band 4 2021 (Commenced After 1 Jan Social Work_Exclude 0905)
Band 5 2021 (Commenced Before 1 Jan 2021)
This unit will enable you to acquire a conceptual understanding of organisational theories and research methodologies. In addition, you will develop the skills to apply these concepts to develop an evidence-based intervention plan.
Learning outcomesAfter successful completion of this unit, students will be able to:
1. Critically analyse fundamental organisational behavioural concepts and theories.
2. Identify and assess a specific workgroup problem/conflict and apply fundamental organisational behaviour concepts to solve the issue.
3. Propose an evidence-based intervention plan.
4. Work independently, and as a team, and apply negotiating abilities with group members.
Graduate attributes1. UC graduates are professional - employ up-to-date and relevant knowledge and skills
1. UC graduates are professional - communicate effectively
1. UC graduates are professional - use creativity, critical thinking, analysis and research skills to solve theoretical and real-world problems
1. UC graduates are professional - work collaboratively as part of a team, negotiate, and resolve conflict
1. UC graduates are professional - display initiative and drive, and use their organisation skills to plan and manage their workload
2. UC graduates are global citizens - think globally about issues in their profession
2. UC graduates are global citizens - adopt an informed and balanced approach across professional and international boundaries
2. UC graduates are global citizens - understand issues in their profession from the perspective of other cultures
2. UC graduates are global citizens - communicate effectively in diverse cultural and social settings
Incompatible units9068 Management Theory and Practice PG
|Year||Location||Teaching period||Teaching start date||Delivery mode||Unit convener|
|2022||UC - Canberra, Bruce||Semester 2||01 August 2022||Flexible||Dr Marjan Aslan|
|2023||UC - Canberra, Bruce||Semester 2||31 July 2023||Flexible||Dr Marjan Aslan|
Organisational Behaviour, 9th edition, by Robbins, Judge, Edwards, Sandford, Fitzgerald, and Hunt (2020), Pearson, Australia, ISBN: 9781488620683
Submission of assessment items
Extensions & Late submissions
- Approval of extensions based on extenuating circumstances will be dependent upon the production of supporting documentation and at the discretion of the unit convener.
Special assessment requirements
It is essential that the students come prepared for workshops by listening to the pre-recorded lectures and by reading designated chapters and online content. Please note that Assignment #1 will be workshopped. Assignment #2 will also be further explained during the workshops. To be able to complete the assignments for this unit, it is crucial that students attend the workshops and listen to the pre-recorded lectures.
Students have a responsibility to uphold University standards on ethical scholarship. Good scholarship involves building on the work of others and use of others' work must be acknowledged with proper attribution made. Cheating, plagiarism, and falsification of data are dishonest practices that contravene academic values. Refer to the University's Student Charter for more information.
To enhance understanding of academic integrity, all students are expected to complete the Academic Integrity Module (AIM) at least once during their course of study. You can access this module within UCLearn (Canvas) through the 'Academic Integrity and Avoiding Plagiarism' link in the Study Help site.
Use of Text-Matching Software
The University of Canberra uses text-matching software to help students and staff reduce plagiarism and improve understanding of academic integrity. The software matches submitted text in student assignments against material from various sources: the internet, published books and journals, and previously submitted student texts.
Students have a responsibility to:
• read/watch all content provided on the UCLearn site designed for this unit.
• attend all formal class sessions.
• regularly check and read announcements sent by the unit convener on the Canvas (UCLearn) site.
• regularly check their UC emails.
• read, understand and respect the rules concerning plagiarism.
• communicate to the unit convener through their UC email account and not via a personal email account.
• avoid all acts which could be considered plagiarism.
• familiarise themselves with the conventions of referencing in their discipline.
• provide accurate information about their address and contact details, and to notify Student Administration of changes as soon as they occur; and
• ensure they are correctly enrolled in each unit and that the units are correct for their course of study.
***All students are expected to attend each of the workshops. All students are expected to listen to the pre-recorded lectures and prepare the required readings before the workshops and to actively participate in discussions and activities during the workshops.
***It is essential that students use the textbook and the online content (including information on assignments) provided on the Canvas site for this unit to do their assignments.
*** To learn about details of the assignments, in addition to reading instructions and files uploaded on the canvas site, it is essential that students attend workshops and Q&A sessions.
Required IT skills
Work placement, internships or practicums
All students must read all documents companion to the Unit Outline. These documents are available on the Canvas site. | <urn:uuid:6ccd6ae4-4066-4725-9fd3-aa3539e20073> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.canberra.edu.au/unit/9502/3/2022.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.904694 | 1,273 | 1.859375 | 2 |
Editor's Note: Please note that events may have changed since this story was written.
The empty space left by the death of a young person seems somehow larger—perhaps because we sense not only the absence of who he was, but also of who he could have become. This emptiness can engulf an entire community, even a nation, when the death is unjust.
On Feb. 26, Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old African-American high school student, was fatally shot on his way home from the convenience store. He carried a package of Skittles and an iced tea. He had no weapons. His killer, George Zimmerman (a neighborhood watch member more than 100 pounds heavier than Trayvon and armed with a semi-automatic pistol) still has not been arrested because he claims he shot Trayvon in self-defense.
Evidence of misconduct has clouded the case: an officer told a witness her story was incorrect. Police did not test Zimmerman for drugs or alcohol when they arrived on the scene. Tapes of a 911 operator telling Zimmerman not to pursue Trayvon were withheld from the public.
We must ask ourselves—Why would police take the word of a man holding a pistol over the body of a boy? Why would a witness’ story be changed? Why is 13-year-old Austin, an African-American neighbor, afraid he will be stereotyped by neighborhood watch members and police just as Martin was?
Some of these questions will be answered by investigators. Other questions—the deeper, more disturbing ones that ask about equality and intolerance—must be answered within our classrooms and our courtrooms. These dark questions have grown from our living rooms and our televisions. Their very existence attests that we, as a nation, are failing our Trayvon Martins.
A recent study by the Office for Civil Rights shows that the percentage of young black men suspended from school (as Martin was) is far greater than that of their peers. Another study, by The Sentencing Project, examines vastly disproportionate rates of incarceration for African-American men. We should be asking ourselves why these disparities exist.
Trayvon Martin was not a victim of Zimmerman alone. He was a victim of the lopsided school system that suspended him. He was a victim of a police force that assumes first that young black men are guilty. He was a victim of legislation, like Florida’s Stand Your Ground law, that gives citizens the unfettered right to kill if they feel threatened in any way.
Tomorrow, look around your classroom. Do you have any Trayvon Martins? As an educator, you have the power to stave off the emptiness of Trayvon’s death. Talk to your students about racism. Question legislation that endorses vigilantism. Speak up against police inaction. Champion your students’ rights.
Nothing will fully fill the void Zimmerman created in the lives of Trayvon’s family, friends and teachers. But Trayvon’s empty desk can become a symbol of awareness and change—a sign to our society that the current state of affairs is not acceptable.
Pettway is associate editor for Teaching Tolerance.
- Fear and Rewriting Trayvon: Educator Thoughts
- Hundreds of Offenses Go Unchecked
- Teacher Fired over Trayvon Martin Fundraiser
- 'To Kill a Mockingbird' Doesn't Shock Students Anymore
- Reading for Change
- What We’re Reading This Week: January 23
- Don't Say Nothing
- The N-Word: Connected Through Historical Disconnect?
- The Revolution Will Be Tweeted
- We Can All Step In | <urn:uuid:e23a2f24-6666-4603-8d51-0b8c19ba8a74> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.tolerance.org/blog/will-we-learn-trayvon-martin-s-death | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00274-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964281 | 738 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Sometimes, an employee just isn’t right for the job. They might not have the necessary skills to do the jo properly. They might lose motivation, and their work quality might suffer. Other times, companies might not be in good financial shape, and be forced to cut manpower costs. There’s a million different reasons why companies may have to let their workers go.
Whatever the specific reason for ending an employee’s contract, it’s important to know how to do it legally. In Singapore, there are 4 legal reasons that employers can use to end an employment contract. If you don’t want to get sued by your employee for illegal dismissal, make sure that you know what these legal reasons for terminating employees are.
In this guide, we’ll explain:
- Summary of legal vs illegal reasons for termination
- What are the 4 legal reasons for terminating employees?
- What are some important guidelines to follow when terminating employees?
- What method of termination carries the least legal risk?
- What are the 6 steps to terminating employees smoothly?
- How should I protect myself from employee termination lawsuits?
Summary of legal vs illegal reasons for termination
|Legal dismissal||Illegal dismissal|
|Right to dismiss under employment contract||Dismissal based on discriminatory grounds (e.g. age, disability, gender, ethnicity, etc.)|
E.g. stealing, fighting in workplace
|Dismissal for misconduct without holding inquiry|
e.g. missing KPIs, lack of skills, poor attitude, etc.
|Dismissal for performance without evidence of poor performance|
|Retrenchment||Using the excuse of retrenchment to dismiss employee for illegal reasons|
|Dismissal to punish employee for exercising employment rights|
|Dismissal to deprive employee from claiming entitlements|
If you’d like to know more about the illegal reasons for dismissing employees, read our excellent guide on Unfair and Illegal Dismissals in Singapore.
What are the 4 legal reasons for terminating employees in Singapore?
The dismissal of employees is governed by the Employment Act. This is a piece of legislation first passed in 1968, and was most recently amended in 2019. The Employment Act stipulates 4 legal reasons for terminating employees from your company.
These 4 permissible reasons are:
#1. Right to dismiss under employment contract
Singapore is an at-will employment jurisdiction. This means that the employer-employee relationship can end at any time, for any reason (as long as it’s not a reason that’s considered illegal). Either the employer or employee has the power to terminate the relationship.
This means that employers can terminate employees by simply relying on their right to end the employment contract. No other reasons (e.g. “you’re not performing well”, “management doesn’t think you can make it”, etc.) have to be explicitly cited.
In such dismissals, notice must be given. The notice period should follow the period stated in the employment contract (e.g. 1 month notice, 2 months’ notice, etc.).
Misconduct refers to behaviour that does not fulfill the terms of the employment contract.
Examples of misconduct include:
- Lying or displaying unethical behaviour
- Taking MCs by feigning illness
- Aggressive/threatening behaviour
- Negatively affecting the company’s reputation
- Disruptive behaviour
- Sexual harassment
Misconduct is the only reason that does not require a notice before dismissal. However, a due inquiry must be conducted by your employer, on the alleged act of misconduct, prior to making a decision on dismissal.
Employers can dismiss employees for performance-related reasons. For instance, if your employee is not meeting KPIs, is lazy, is not producing quality work, or is just generally not capable of meeting the demands of the job, you can dismiss them.
However, if you dismiss an employee for poor performance, you must provide evidence of their sub-par performance. This means that if you are preparing to dismiss someone for not meeting the demands of the job, start collecting evidence now.
Examples of evidence to prove lacklustre performance include:
- Missed goals, missed sales targets, missed KPIs, etc.
- Negative performance reviews
- Feedback from superiors about poor performance
- Cuts in bonuses or other performance-related pay
- Lack of promotions compared to other employees
Have this evidence clearly documented in writing, because you will have to provide this evidence when you terminate the employee.
If the dismissed employee files an unfair dismissal claim against you later on, you must show this evidence to prove that the dismissal was fair. If you have properly document evidence of the employee’s poor performance, then your dismissal will be considered permissible and you won’t run into thorny legal issues.
If employers need to cut costs due to financial difficulties, they can perform retrenchments.
There are certain legal procedures that you must follow if you perform a retrenchment:
1. Notify MOM, if you have at least 10 workers, and you’re retrenching 5 or more workers:
Employers who meet the following criteria must notify MOM of retrenchments that they are undertaking/have undertaken:
- Your company has at least 10 employees
- You have retrenched 5 or more employees within a 6-month period
2. Provide your employees with notice
You must provide notice to your retrenched employees, in accordance with their employment contracts.
FAQs on Conducting Retrenchments:
Are retrenchment benefits compulsory?
No. Unless the employment contract you’ve issued to the employee contains a retrenchment benefit clause, there is no legal requirement to pay retrenchment benefits. Employers are encouraged to pay retrenchment benefits out of fairness and recognition for their employees’ contributions. However, this is not compulsory.
Retrenchment benefits are governed by Section 45 of the Employment Act. This section states:
“No employee who has been in continuous service with an employer for less than 2 years shall be entitled to any retrenchment benefit on his dismissal on the ground of redundancy or by reason of any reorganisation of the employer’s profession, business, trade or work.”
As you can see, it does not mandate employers to make payment of retrenchment benefits.
How much retrenchment benefit to pay:
If retrenchment benefit is stated in the employment contract:
If you’ve stated in the contract how much you will pay during a retrenchment exercise, then you must pay that amount. For instance, if the employment contract states that retrenched workers will be entitled to 1 months’ retrenchment benefit, and the retrenched worker’s salary is $4,000/month, then you owe the retrenched worker that $4,000 sum.
If retrenchment benefit is not stated in the employment contract:
If you choose to pay the benefit out of goodwill, then the market norms are between 2 weeks to 1 months’ salary, per year of service.
Are retrenchment benefits subject to CPF contributions?
No. Both the employer and employee do not have to make CPF contributions for retrenchment benefits.
The TADM has release guidelines on performing retrenchments. These guidelines are not legally binding, but employers should take heed of them:
What are important guidelines to follow when terminating employees?
If you want to avoid legal trouble when terminating employees, make sure you follow the guidelines below.
#1. Terminating foreign employees
Foreign workers on Employment Pass/S-Pass:
Employers must cancel the Employment Pass/S-Pass within seven days of firing the workers. The Employment Pass/S-Pass holder will receive a 30-day short term visit pass, after which they must leave Singapore. If the Employment Pass/S-Pass holder has other passes attached to it, e.g. a Dependent’s Pass, all such other passes will also be cancelled.
The employer must notify IRAS of the termination. The employer must withhold all payments due (e.g salary, bonus) to the foreign employee from the day the employee is notified of their termination. This is to perform the tax clearance proceducre. IRAS will make sure that all taxes have been paid by the foreign employee. Once IRAS completes their tax clearance procedure, they will issue a tax clearance certificate. The employer can then release the payments due to the employee.
#2. Provide the proper notice period
In most cases, the employment contract with the worker will state the required notice period. Most notice periods are usually 1 month, although some contracts will stipulate notice periods of 2 or 3 months.
The employee is still entitled to their salary during the notice period. This includes CPF contributions. Just treat notice period pay as regular pay.
When the decision to terminate the employee has been made, give notice to the employee that their employment is terminated in writing. Note that the notice period includes the day on which the notice is served onto the employee.
If the employment contract doesn’t state the notice period, then use the following notice periods:
|Employment duration||Minimum required notice period|
|Under 2 weeks||1 days’ notice|
|26 weeks – 2 years||1 weeks’ notice|
|2 – 5 years||2 weeks’ notice|
|5 years and more||4 weeks’ notice|
#2. If you don’t serve the employee notice, you have to pay salary in-lieu
Sometimes, employers don’t want the terminated worker to serve their notice period. For instance, financial firms or technology companies may deal with highly sensitive information, and terminated workers must immediately be barred from receiving such information.
If you don’t allow the employee to serve their notice period, then you must pay them salary in-lieu. This is also commonly known as letting them take “gardening leave”. You will have to pay the salary that’s equal to the notice period. For instance, if a terminated employee earns $5,000/month, and their notice period is 1 month, you’ll have to pay $5,000 to them as salary in-lieu.
CPF contributions do not have to be made for salary in-lieu of notice. This means that if you don’t require the terminated employee to stick around to get work done, it is more cost-effective to pay them salary in-lieu, rather than have them serve the notice period.
#3. Offsetting notice period with annual leave
Employees can use their annual paid leave to offset (i.e. shorten) the notice period served.
#4. Offset notice period vs being on annual leave during notice
There is a difference between offsetting the notice period versus simply being on annual leave during the notice period.
Offsetting the notice period means to shorten the notice period. For instance, if a worker’s notice period is 1 month, and the worker has 15 days of annual leave, they can shorten the notice period by 15 days. The employer will only have to pay for 15 days’ of salary, since that is the notice period served. Offsetting is often used if the worker has gotten another job, and wants to start employment at the new company ASAP.
If the worker does not offset the notice period, they can simply choose to take annual leave. The employer must pay the salary for the full notice period. For instance, if the notice period is 1 month, a worker can choose to take 15 days of annual leave during the notice period. The employer will have to pay for 1 months’ salary.
For terminated workers who leave with unused annual leave, they can encash the unused leave. The employer must pay the terminated worker for each day of unused annual leave.
|Type of leave that can be used to offset notice period||Type of leave that cannot be used to offset notice period|
|Annual paid leave||Maternity/paternity leave|
#6. Sick leave during notice period
Sick leave cannot be used to offset/shorten notice periods. However, sick leave that’s taken will be counted towards an employee’s notice period.
#7. Maternity Leave and termination
An employer cannot terminate an employee who is on maternity leave. This is illegal. Read more about this in our guide on unfair dismissals, or our maternity leave guide for employers.
Employees cannot use their maternity leave to offset their notice period. However, employees can still apply for maternity leave while they’re serving their notice period. Each day that the employee is on maternity leave will count as part of their notice period.
All maternity leave that is not consumed before the end of the notice period will be forfeited. Outstanding maternity leave cannot be transferred to the new company.
Example: Jane is a new mother who’s unfortunately been retrenched. Jane’ notice period is 1 month. Jane still has 2 months of maternity leave remaining. Jane can apply for 1 months’ maternity leave. This way, she can stay home to take care of her child, while still serving her notice period. The remaining 1 month of her maternity leave will be forfeited once she leaves her current company.
An employer must pay maternity benefits that his/her employee would otherwise be eligible for if a notice of dismissal is given without sufficient cause within 6 months of an employee’s confinement if the employee is retrenched within 3 months of her confinement. This payment is in addition to any retrenchment benefit which the employee is entitled to.
#8. Childcare/Infant care leave and notice period
Childcare leave to offset/shorten the notice period.
#9. Employee cannot start work with another company until the end of the notice period
When an employee is serving their notice period, the employment contract is still live. The employee cannot start working for their new company until the date of termination. The employee must continue to fulfill their responsibilities until the notice period ends.
What method of termination carries the least legal risk in Singapore?
Since Singapore is an at-will employment jurisdiction, you have a right to terminate the employment contract simply because you want to. So, if you need to dismiss an employee, an employer can simply say: “I’m exercising my right to terminate your employment contract.” That’s it. No long stories about not meeting expectations, or not doing this or that. End it there.
Simply exercising your right to end the employment contract is the legally safest method to terminate an employee. You do not have provide any other reasons. Remember, if you cite poor performance as a reason, you must provide evidence. If you don’t have proof of poor performance, your employee can sue you for illegal dismissal.
When you rely on your right to terminate the employment contract, and provide the proper notice period, it becomes much more difficult to build a legal case against you for unfair dismissal.
Some legal risks remain, which employers should be wary of:
- Ensure that you are not terminating the employee for illegal reasons, such as discrimination or deprivation of entitlements (e.g. maternity leave). If you are in fact dismissing a worker for such reasons, and there is strong evidence to prove this, you can be sued. In our guide on whether you can terminate employees during medical leave, we explain how it is not difficult to sue employers for firing workers to deprive them of medical leave entitlements.
- If you are conducting a retrenchment, state this openly. Do not disguise a retrenchment as individual terminations, as there is little benefit in doing so. It’s also illegal, and MOM will take enforcement action against errant employers.
How to terminate employees (relatively) smoothly?
Letting someone go is tough. Here’s how to get your dismissal right. Remember that it’s not personal – it’s just business.
Step 1: Inform HR
Let HR know that you need to terminate an employee. HR will be most familiar with the legal procedures for terminating someone. They’ll make the necessary arrangements for terminating workers. For instance, they’ll inform IT to cut the employee’s access to digital materials.
Step 2: Plan transitions
Have discussions with the relevant stakeholders if you want to terminate an employee. It’s good to get team buy-in if a worker needs to go, so that other stakeholders (e.g. team leaders) can make the necessary arrangements to find replacements.
Get started on finding a replacement once the decision has been made internally to terminate the employee. You don’t have to wait till after they’re gone to look for new candidates.
Step 3: Do it at the end of the work day
If you’re in the office, do it when most other employees have left. This minimises the amount of embarrassment for the employee.
Step 4: Get straight to the point
“Tim, it’s been a pleasure working with you. I need to let you know that you’ve been let go.”
Different managers will handle employee terminations differently. Some managers like to engage in small talk first to sooth nerves (usually, their own!) before dropping the inevitable bombshell. That isn’t technically wrong – everyone has their own style of handling delicate issues. However, there isn’t really a lot of meaning behind engaging someone in friendly banter, if at the end of it you’re going to fire them. Small talk makes them think that this is just going to be another nice “chat with the boss”, which heightens the disappointment later on. You’re going to make a decision that will significantly alter the course of their careers (at least temporarily). The sooner you let them know, the quicker you can both move on with your professional lives.
When informing an employee that they’re being let go, remember that you don’t need to provide explanations. If you cite poor performance, remember that you are legally required to provide evidence. If you cite misconduct, remember that you are legally required to have held an inquiry before the termination. If you don’t have the required evidence for either of these reasons, simply say that you’re letting them go and leave it at that.
Step 5: Cover specifically what happens next
Lay out specifically the employee’s notice period, their pay, consumption of any remaining company benefits, unused annual leave, employment references, explanations to clients and co-workers, handovers of projects, etc.
Step 6: Thank the employee and wrap up
Keep it cordial. Terminations are not personal, but professional. Let the employee know that their contributions are appreciated, and wish them the best for their next job.
How should I protect myself from employee lawsuits?
Workers who are terminated can respond in highly unpredictable ways. Disgruntled employees can launch employment-related lawsuits against you. Whether the case has merits or not is a separate matter – once the lawsuit hits your door, you’re going to have to spend money defending it!
A particularly damaging way for lawsuits to be launched is to personally target the company’s directors and officers. Directors include board directors, and officers include people inthe company with managerial authority (e.g. C-Suite down to junior HR managers who handle employees’ termination matters). When directors/officers are targeted personally in lawsuits, the limitation of liability offered by a “Private Limited” entity won’t protect them.
That’s why having a good Directors and Officers Liability Insurance policy is critical. This type of insurance protects you from many types of lawsuits, such as:
- Unfair dismissal lawsuits
- Employee harassment lawsuits
- Oppression and other shareholder lawsuits
- Negligence lawsuits
- Defamation lawsuits
- …and more
Directors and Officers Liability Insurance pays for your lawyer’s fees (which can be hundreds of thousands), plus court damages/settlements. Having a Directors & Officers Liability policy could save you huge sums of money – millions, even. | <urn:uuid:29a99de1-93cb-463a-b7bb-81083032140d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.providecover.com/terminating-employees-legally-in-singapore-ultimate-guide/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00475.warc.gz | en | 0.945242 | 4,313 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Turner (2005) cites Rheingold (1994) which describes the disembodied precincts of cyberspace and that we lost a sense of cooperative spirit when we gained an increase in technology. This week whilst looking at online community I have been immersed in the digital world. These days, I’m never seen without a device in my hand or laptop in front of me and sometimes all of my digital equipment as I multitask. I have never been so active online before and on so many forums. I feel exhausted. I am making a digital presence in several learning and social communities but I am withdrawn from my real life. I am forgetting to connect with the people around me and if I am, my time and focus is limited. Will I lose the community that I have built around me because of my ignorance and lack of manners? My phone runs out of battery and instead of charging it I leave it ‘dead’ in my bag. I am fearful that I am missing out online but remind myself it is only for an afternoon. Although, as I look around, I discover EVERYONE is on their phone. They are talking to each other whilst looking at and scrolling social media ON THEIR PHONE. I am frustrated at my real life community and myself. Have we forgotten to connect with the people in front of us?
“The process of ‘social shaping’ leaves a medium with a social form, an identity, which influences the way it is used and its impact on the world; it is never quite shaken off.” (Lister 2009, p176)
Lister, M. (2009) Chapter 3. Networks, users and economics. New media: a critical introduction pp.163-236, London: Routledge
Rheingold, H. (1994). The virtual community: Finding connection in a computerised world. London: Martin Secker & Warburg.
Turner, F.(2005). Where the counterculture met the new economy: There WELL and the origins of virtual community. Technology an dCulture, 46(3), 485-512. DOI:10.1353/tech.2005.0154
— Linzi McLagan (@LinziMclagan) March 2, 2017 | <urn:uuid:c6f44c51-53cf-484e-a855-4dcbb181c8f9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://edc17.education.ed.ac.uk/lmclagan/2017/03/02/973/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.92632 | 464 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Financial services and poverty reduction : a case study of the use and impact of microfinance services among women street traders in Durban, South Africa.
This dissertation analyses the role of financial services in an attempt to understand how they might reduce the vulnerability to income risk for women street traders in Durban, South Africa. The street traders are exposed to income risks such as unpredictable markets, high levels of crime and lack of possibilities for business development. The stated hypothesis for this dissertation is that 'good' financial services may help poor individuals and households to better handle income risks and thereby lower the vulnerability to risks and reduce poverty. The access to financial services for the street traders in South Africa is rather limited and commercial banks are only willing to facilitate clients that have collaterals with an economic value. There are thus alternative financial institutions, such as microfinance organisations, that use social collateral like, for example, group-lending and frequent repayment schemes. This dissertation will discuss the use and impact of fmancial services on poverty reduction with a particular focus on a microfinance organisation and savings. The dissertation will consist of a literature review, a theoretical framework and an analysis of the findings from a case study. The literature review discusses the relation between risks, vulnerability, poverty and financial services in order to provide an introduction to the problem behind the stated hypothesis. The theoretical framework describes the cost of an imperfect market, why formal financial institutions fail the poor, solutions to the problem used by informal and microfinance institutions and the impact financial services have on poverty. The case study is based on a qualitative method through focus group discussions and individual in-depth interviews with clients in a microfinance organisation. To analyse the differences in saving behaviour and business related issues, the clients are divided into two groups with regards to how long they have been using financial services. One group consists of 'old' clients that have access and use the credit and deposit facilities accessible, and one group of 'new' clients that have just started and still have no access to the services. The findings show that 'old' clients have a higher level of income and more advanced businesses according to skill/capital intensity. Risk related to income and expenditures that the street traders mentioned are sensitive to the state of the economy, unbeneficial stock, weather conditions, seasonal trends, business agreements, crime and trade permits. Regarding savings, the street traders used a wide range of saving alternatives such as insurance schemes, bank accounts, money collectors, rotating credit and saving clubs and cash savings. There were thus a lack of 'good' saving opportunities and even the deposit schemes offered by the microfinance organisation was not used due to lack oftrust and accessibility. Both the 'old' and the 'new' clients were thus aware ofthe need of savings in order to protect themselves for future income and expenditure risks. The main conclusion is that the use of financial services through the microfinance organisation and other institutions may have helped the 'old' clients to develop their businesses and reach a higher income level. There is thus a lack of 'good' financial options for the street traders and their position is still very vulnerable.
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
An evaluation and assessment of ship repair opportunities for South Africa using the Port of Durban as a case study in an attempt to develop a framework plan for the ship repair industry in the Port of Durban. Jonkers, George Brian. (2003)Over the last couple of years the ship repair industry in South Africa and in particular Durban has expanded significantly and the potential and opportunities for growth are still significant. This should be regarded ...
Shifting spaces in the 'new South Africa' : site-specific performance as an intercultural exploration of sites, using as examples Jay Pather's Cityscapes, Durban (2002) and Home, Durban (2003) Craighead, Clare. (2006)This dissertation aims to investigate an extended notion of site within site-specific dance theatre. Using multiple theoretical frameworks, which include second wave feminism and its recognition of the body as a site of/for ...
A study of the decentralised business nodes of the post-apartheid city of Durban : toward a new business district as part of the greater Durban business system. Timm, Jeffrey. (2011)This dissertation revolves around the topic of office decentralisation. The literature review chapter first discusses a systems approach to planning, and how it is the relationships between the objects within a system ... | <urn:uuid:2e42b7f3-7cbd-4ac7-8639-56b6bb9a31db> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/xmlui/handle/10413/4362 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00448-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940033 | 912 | 1.710938 | 2 |
According to consumer reports, canned goods may contain harmful chemicals that could cause adverse health issues such as reproductive abnormalities and heightened risk of breast and prostate cancers, diabetes, and heart disease. Sources say the harmful chemical is in the lining of the can and contains an industrial chemical called Bisphenol A, also known as BPA.
Reports from the FDA indicate that BPA has been present in hard plastic bottles, canned foods and canned sodas since the 1960’s. Some organic labels of canned foods are also guilty of containing traces of BPA. The FDA is aware of this concern, and are currently debating whether or not this is safe for our food supply. An organization dedicated to BPA suggest that there is no known risk from human consumption. Simply put, any harmful effects that may occur from BPA are seen later in life, so it is hard to say if this chemical poses harmful effects. However, with the vast increase in cancers, many wonder if it is something in our food supply that’s the culprit. There is also some debate regarding whether BPA leaches out of plastics (especially from heat exposure) and how much BPA is considered too much.
So What is a Safe Level of BPA?
An FDA report suggest that a safe exposure of BPA is 50 micrograms per kilogram of body weight. However, any testing that has been done for BPA has been done on rodents, not humans. Tests have concluded that when BPA is in the bloodstream, it tends to mimic estrogen. For girls, this means earlier puberty, and for boys this can lead to infertility problems. According to a test conducted by the Environmental Working Group (EWG) who targeted and tested the BPA lining in canned goods and drink cans, the tests found:
Of all foods tested, chicken soup, infant formula, and ravioli had BPA levels of the highest concern. Just one to three servings of foods with these concentrations could expose a woman or child to BPA at levels that causes serious adverse effects in animal tests.
For 1 in 10 cans of all food tested, and 1 in 3 cans of infant formula, a single serving contained enough BPA to expose a woman or infant to BPA levels more than 200 times the government’s traditional safe level of exposure for industrial chemicals. The government typically mandates a 1,000-3,000-fold margin of safety between human exposures and levels found to harm lab animals, but these servings contained levels of BPA less than 5 times lower than doses that harmed lab animals.
Common sense tells us that the best way to prevent exposure to BPA is to limit or stear clear from canned goods, foods in hard plastics and canned sodas. Eating fresh foods, or frozen foods would be a healthier approach. This is easier said than done considering most of our food comes pre-packaged in cans or plastic containers. Perhaps now would be a good time to consider growing a vegetable garden.
It must be stated that the FDA is supporting reasonable steps to reduce human exposure to BPA, including actions by industry and recommendations to consumers on food preparation. At this time, the FDA is not recommending that families change the use of infant formula or foods as the benefit of a stable source of good nutrition outweighs the potential risk of BPA exposure. it’s nice to see the FDA looking out for our best interests.
Tess Pennington is the author of The Prepper’s Blueprint, a comprehensive guide that uses real-life scenarios to help you prepare for any disaster. Because a crisis rarely stops with a triggering event the aftermath can spiral, having the capacity to cripple our normal ways of life. The well-rounded, multi-layered approach outlined in the Blueprint helps you make sense of a wide array of preparedness concepts through easily digestible action items and supply lists.
Tess is also the author of the highly rated Prepper’s Cookbook, which helps you to create a plan for stocking, organizing and maintaining a proper emergency food supply and includes over 300 recipes for nutritious, delicious, life-saving meals.
Visit her web site at ReadyNutrition.com for an extensive compilation of free information on preparedness, homesteading, and healthy living.
Copyright Ready Nutrition 2008 - 2014. Please read our Terms & Conditions for using this web site.
Ready Nutrition is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. | <urn:uuid:1f466c30-851c-45cd-a306-0cdbc3d11eea> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://readynutrition.com/resources/whats-lurking-in-your-canned-goods_13042011/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00201-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947561 | 928 | 3.359375 | 3 |
Farm run-off is polluting Lake Erie, says new report
A new report called ‘Taken By Storm’ released by the National Wildlife Foundation is highlighting the issue of excessive fertilizer runoff into Lake Erie. The resulting algal blooms can seriously impact the health of those who rely on its water.
The report focuses on Ohio’s Maumee River, ground zero for the algal blooms, and describes an increase of the toxic blooms in watersheds connected to Lake Erie, largely due to global warming.
The report notes that since 1995 the amount of dissolved reactive phosphorus entering Lake Erie from the Maumee River has increased 218 percent.
Melinda Koslow, Regional Manager for the NWF says the algal blooms are created when heavy rainfall washes excess fertilizer and manure off fields, and into waterways.
“These thick green mats of algae are not only unsightly they are a huge problem. Harmful algal blooms can even sicken or even kill people or pets. They can harm wildlife, hurt outdoor recreational opportunities like swimming and cost municipalities more money to treat drinking water,” says Koslow.
Koslow says Western New York’s shoreline on Lake Erie is relatively safe, but the threat can spread with algal blooms already reaching Cleveland. She says the report is a wake-up call for local, state and federal officials to come up with solutions, and provide stronger support for the restoration of wetland areas.
“The basin only has 5 percent of the wetlands it used to have pre-settlement, so it’s really, really small, but were bringing those back to life and that will help filter some of the nutrients coming down the pipe,” says Koslow.
Senior research scientist at the National Center for Water Quality Research at Heidelberg University, Peter Richards says a big part of the solution will be additional research to find out where the phosphorus waste is coming from.
Director of the Graham Environmental Sustainability Institute Don Scavia contributed to the report. He says it’s also important to insert a clause into the Farm Bill that would require farmers to participate in conservation studies in order to access crop insurance and subsidies. | <urn:uuid:70483d9d-fb78-4bd8-bba9-ba27f17291bc> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://innovationtrail.org/post/farm-run-polluting-lake-erie-says-new-report | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988722459.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183842-00345-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941626 | 458 | 2.703125 | 3 |
But for me the important question is: what the heck were the Unionists thinking? Were they ethical, sensible, and competent? Or crafty, rabid, and inept? Because our own dear USG is the modern descendant of the grand old Union. And if it was crafty, rabid and inept in 1861, what is the probability that it has since somehow improved?
The question deserves its own post – but I note merely how much less attention is paid to the blue side of the picture. Magic.
I've been reading a lot of Civil War history and I can't find on the subject.
The most I have found so far is that the North minus New England did not really want to keep fighting after the early part of the war. So, I believe the question can be narrowed to "What were the New Englanders thinking?" It's an important questions because a lot of people died in the war, the war cost a lot of money, and for a long time seemed endless.
The obvious answer is that they fought to free the slaves. But, once the war was over, these same people were not exactly tripping over themselves to welcome free blacks into their communities (or even let them vote in their states – of course they wanted them to vote in Southern states). I'll keep looking for an answer and post any updates.
How did Ayers go from being the type of activist who actually kills people to bring on the revolution to the type of "activist" who holds fundraisers for state-level Democratic candidates in his house? He must be an enormous idiot to think that getting some local politicians elected is going bring on the revolution. Way to stick to man, Ayers!
Look, I'm not saying that our country isn't headed toward socialism – so maybe voting Democrat will bring that about (probably it will happen slightly faster than if you vote Republican). My point is that both parties are part of the system. As part of the system, they're not going to overthrow the system. Ayers either must believe in a much lesser form of revolution than he used to believe in – in which case his past actions were wrong and he should certainly apologize (personally I am repulsed by his past actions, but I understand that liberals will excuse them because he had good motivations or some such BS) – or he's a friggin' idiot for thinking that the Democrat party will start the revolution. That's not how politics in America works.
The second book in the series was as good as the first, which is to say that it was incredibly good.
The writing is too good to stop to take too many notes while I’m reading, so these reviews are going to be disjointed. Deal with it.
I would say I am most struck by the descriptions of the time. I feel like I leave the current era and transport back to the mid 1800s while I’m reading these books. I can’t stress how incredible this achievement is, as our current society is so far removed this older time period.
Next, I’m struck by the characters. Four characters – Lee, Lincoln, Sherman and Forrest – particularly stand out, in my opinion. Lee seems like as good a man as any that have ever lived. Foote tells a story in with some shaky details, but the gist was that Confederates believed they had thwarted an attack to destroy Richmond by less-than-noble means. Many in the South called for similar destructive tactics, in response. Lee simply asked Meade if the plan had been to destroy the city and any or all of its inhabitants. Meade said “no.” This response was sufficient for Lee.
Lincoln comes across as brilliant. Again this is an achievement as Foote does not go all wobbly in his admiration for Lincoln. Lincoln was brilliant, but he was not god-like, as so many of his biographers suggest. Foote is not afraid to mention the bad along with the good. Many of Lincoln’s detractors miss his tactical brilliance – one almost feels sorry for the other politicians who scheme against him, as Foote describes how Lincoln seemingly effortlessly out-maneuvers them.
Foote’s descriptions of Forrest make him possibly the most interesting character in the books. He out generals everyone who he comes into contact with despite his total lack of education and training. Unlike other generals, Forrest gets his hands dirty, very dirty. The descriptions of Forrest plugging bullet wounds in his horse with his finger so that he can keep fighting, and of Forrest plunging into battle at the seemingly most inopportune times, are beautiful.
It seems that the only person who understood how amazing Forrest was, was Sherman. It also seems like Sherman was the only person to understand how to defeat a guerilla rebellion and to understand that winning the war meant absolutely crushing the South. Sherman seemed to understand these things from the first days of the war, when he was ridiculed for voicing his opinions. As second book ends, Foote is setting up Sherman’s march. Foote has used Sherman as an almost oracular figure in the books (maybe he was one). I can’t help but wonder if Foote – who avoids commenting on Reconstruction, for the most part – is using Sherman’s beliefs to bring his own views on the subsequent injustice of Reconstruction. Here are some tidbits from Sherman from the book:
In [Sherman’s] absence, guerillas had taken to firing at steamboats from the banks of the big river, north and south of Vicksburg, and he did not intend to abide this outrage. “To secure the safety of the navigation of the Mississippi River, “he declared, “I would slay millions. On that point I am not only insane, but mad. . . . I think I see one or two quick blows that will astonish the natives of the South and will convince them that, though to stand behind a big cottonwood and shoot at a passing boat is good sport and safe, it may still reach and kill their friends and families hundreds of miles off.” . . .
“War is cruelty. There is no use trying to reform it. The crueler it is, the sooner it will be over.” . . .
[Sherman’s plan for reconstruction ended with] “I would banish all minor questions, assert the broad doctrine that as a nation the United States has the right, and also the physical power, to penetrate to every part of our national domain, and that we will do it – that we will do it in our own time and in our own way; that it makes no difference whether it be in one year, or two, or ten, or twenty; that we will remove and destroy every obstacle, if need be, take every life, every acre of land, every particle of property, everything that to us seems proper; that we will not cease till the end is attained; that all who do not aid us are enemies, and that we will not account to them for our acts.” . . . “I would not coax them, or even meet them half way, but make them so sick of war that generations would pass away before they would again appeal to it . . . The only government now needed or deserved by the States of Louisiana, Arkansas, and Mississippi now exists in Grant’s army.”
Anyway, those were some random thoughts. I’m eagerly waiting to dive into the third book.
We’re supposed to love freedom of the press because it guarantees us critical coverage of politics and business – or whatever the standard line “speak truth to power” means.
What happens now when the press has manifestly failed to live up to this relatively low bar? Do leaders of dictatorial regimes get better press coverage than Obama has gotten (or McCain used to get)? Is freedom of the press worth anything if the answer to this question is ‘no’ as I think it is? Would anyone fight for the press’ freedom to write this crap?
[Also, for the record, a B-movie actor isn’t really a celebrity.]
I’m not much interesting in politics either, reasons similar to Ms Contrarian’s oversimplified one. However, I think this election has a chance to be different. If Obama becomes president, he will have a heavily Democratic Congress and an adoring press fully behind him. It’s not much of an exaggeration to say that his supporters think he is god-like. This combination does not bode well for Libertarians. Perhaps it is generally ok to ignore politics to avoid having to decide between the loss of our social or economic freedoms, but this may be a case in which the winner will have tremendous ability to take those freedoms away very quickly.
(Or it may not be. Obama seems relatively pragmatic, so far. I’m just saying that he will be very well positioned to do bad things, if he wants to do so).
An interesting article about whether or not it is currently happening. I must say that I am a bit surprised that borrowing costs for the US government haven’t risen sharply – but where else would we put our money now? | <urn:uuid:1d5b66f5-7c3b-4cc0-aa71-8baecc1bf512> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://foseti.wordpress.com/2008/08/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.979027 | 1,923 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Create the Darth Vader helmet from Star Wars in this new exciting Blender tutorial series! You will learn everything from start to finish with Modeling, UV Unwrapping, Textures, Materials, and Rendering! Part 5 dives in to some Render Layers and Compositing!
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Also check out my new DVD here! http://www.cgmasters.net/training-dvd… | <urn:uuid:99301001-51ba-4769-b1c1-ac5482871111> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://cgvfxing.com/2015/06/02/blender-tutorial-star-wars-darth-vader-helmet-05-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00007-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.683206 | 123 | 1.570313 | 2 |
Just like during the original Christmas, Jesus' birth will not be celebrated in Nazareth this year -- though this time, it's being blamed on President Trump.
Trump's decision to recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel has caused a backlash in the region, particularly among Muslims, and the reaction's reverberated to Nazareth, where the town's mayor, Ali Salam, announced Thursday that all planned Christmas events would be canceled.
“Our identity and faith cannot be bargained,†Salam, a Muslim, said, according to 10 News.
“[Trump’s] decision has taken away the joy of the holiday and we will cancel the festivities this year.â€
The annual events are a huge tourist attraction during the Christmas season. Nazareth is believed to be Jesus Christ's childhood home, though he was born in Bethlehem. Still, Nazareth is an important point on the Christian Christmas pilgrimage.
Trump's announcement last week reversed decades of U.S. policy and made America the only country to recognize Jerusalem as Israel's capital.
The city is also claimed by the Palestinian population, and Jerusalem is home to some of the most sacred sites in Christianity, Judaism and Islam.
Trump has also ordered the U.S. embassy moved from Tel Aviv, though that process is likely to take years.
Trump’s announcement triggered violent protests, with terror group Hamas calling on supports to start an uprising against Israel.
Two protesters have been killed in clashes with soldiers. | <urn:uuid:eee7f2d5-9178-46d5-ade3-6d261864fe76> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.freshpopmusic.co/forum/general/religion/18735-nazareth-cancels-christmas-celebrations-over-trumps-israel-decision | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570868.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808152744-20220808182744-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.962914 | 311 | 1.953125 | 2 |
Personal safety is something each of us expect to have in our everyday lives. Whether we are shopping at the mall, walking down the street, or relaxing in our home, we don't think that our personal safety should be at risk.
However, as we all know from watching the news or reading the newspaper, unexpected things do happen. Robberies, kidnappings, heart attacks, and physical attacks by others are becoming more prevalent in our society.
But, you don't have to become victims to these dangers, you can be prepared. At Personal Safety NC we believe that you can learn skills to deter or completely eliminate any threat that you face. You can be prepared to save the life of someone having a heart attack. You can respond appropriately when someone grabs you, trying to force you into submission. You can immediately stop the threat of someone attacking you with a dangerous weapon. And, we are here to teach you the skills you need to do this.
At Personal Safety NC we strive to bring you quality training. We specialize in CPR certification and recertification, scenario-based self-defense, NC Concealed Carry Certification Training and custom firearms training courses. We pride ourselves in meeting the needs of the individual!
All concealed carry training courses are taught by instructors who are both certified law enforcement officers and certified firearms instructors through the N.C. Criminal Justice Education Training and Standards Division.
CPR and First Aid classes are taught by instructors who are active EMS professionals in North Carolina and who are certified as instructors through the American Heart Association.
When safety is an issue, insist on being trained by Personal Safety NC, where your safety is our business! | <urn:uuid:881f16c0-c0e9-45d1-95d4-cd9e08a9aa36> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.personalsafetync.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00443-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963837 | 336 | 1.828125 | 2 |
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The author is a Forbes contributor. The opinions expressed are those of the writer.
What does it mean to be underemployed in America? The compensation comparison site Payscale defines the term as “having part-time work but wanting full-time work, or holding a job that doesn’t require or utilize a person’s education, experience or training.” But what jobs and what college majors are the most underemployed in the country? FORBES hosted one of our #AskForbes Twitter chats today with staff writer Kathryn Dill to answer your questions. | <urn:uuid:ad0435a0-7d56-4e93-bae5-2d0ec4cf618f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.forbes.com/sites/emilycanal/2014/08/19/forbes-twitter-chat-kathryn-dill-on-underemployment-in-america/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00089-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.930615 | 130 | 1.75 | 2 |
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The Sylvan Skills Assessment® pinpoints you son or daughter’s exact personal needs, allowing Sylvan tutors to effectively address and strengthen needed academic areas. For a limited time, get started for $95*. Learn more about how Sylvan can help today! | <urn:uuid:d2720818-8887-434d-999a-349839ab7477> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://cities.sylvanlearning.com/us/oklahoma/Oklahoma-City-Region/writing-tutor | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00303-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952808 | 517 | 1.5625 | 2 |
The comics business is predominantly American, but us miserable Brits have had a big impact on the modern industry. A seriously big impact. In fact he modern comics industry would be very different without the tireless efforts of British writers and artists.
From Alan More to Pat Mills, let's take a look at 10 of the comic industry's most important Brits. Plus one Northern Irishman for good measure.
When it comes to the impact an individual, British or otherwise, has had on the world of comics nobody can even come close to Alan Moore. While he looks like he could be Hagrid's brother, Alan Moore's work for DC in the late '80s kickstarted the trend known as the 'British Invasion', which in turn caused the American comic industry to start publishing comics that were aimed at an adult audience rather than children. Without Alan Moore's successful run on Swamp Thing and the oft-described masterpiece that was Watchmen, British comic creators would never have started leaving the likes of 2000AD to work at DC and Vertigo. In short, the comic industry would be incredibly different today.
While Moore himself has been adamantly against his work being adapted to film and television, much of it has made its way to the big and small screens. Successful adaptations include Watchmen, and V for Vendetta (though not at the expense of the book's anarchic themes). less successful works include The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, From Hell, and 2005's Constantine. Moore also wrote the legendary Batman story The Killing Joke which will be adapted into an animated film later this year. The Killing Joke also had a string influence on both Batman (1989) and Heath Ledger's Joker in The Dark Knight.
One consequence of V For Vendetta (and its cinematic adaptation) was the use of the Guy Fawkes masks by protest groups - particularly the hacker group Anonymous. He also appeared as himself in The Simpsons episode 'Husbands & Knives'.
Image: Gage Skidmore/Flickr
There's an awful lot to say about Mark Millar's contribution to the world of comics. He's possibly one of the most influential writers in the industry at the moment, let alone Scotland and the rest of Britain. He's written for the likes of 2000AD, DC and Vertigo, Marvel, as well as publishing many of his own original creations to critical acclaim.
Millar helped establish Marvel's Ultimate Universe with the release of Ultimate X-Men (with Adam and Andy Kubert), Ultimate Fantastic Four (with Brian Michael Bendis and Adam Kubert) and The Ultimates (with Brian Hitch).
He also wrote Superman: Red Son, which pondered what the world might be like if Superman's spaceship landed in the USSR rather than Kansas, and Marvel's monster Civil War event. Then there's Wolverine: Enemy of the State and Old Man Logan, which are considered some of the best Wolverine comics out there.
As an independent writer Millar has produced comics like Nemesis, Superior, The Secret Service (which was put on the big screen in the form of Kingsman, Kick Ass, Supercrooks, and Jupiter's Legacy.
On top of all that, if you've seen a comic book film in recent years, there's a very good chance that Mark Millar has been involved somehow. Kingsman and Kick Ass were based on comics written and created by Millar. Anyone who saw Captain America: The Winter Soldier can't have missed SHIELD's Triskellion headquarters, which first appeared in The Ultimates #2. That series was also famous for redesigning the alternate version of Nick Fury using the likeness of Samuel L Jackson, a move that landed Jackson the role as Fury in the MCU.
Let's not forget Captain America: Civil War and rumours that Wolverine 3 will be an adaptation of Old Man Logan. Plus, for better or worse, films like Wanted and Fantastic Four (2014), were also based on Millar's comic work.
Image: Elena Torre/Flickr
One of the earlier writers exported to the US during the British Invasion, Neil Gaiman has contributed a great deal to the world of comics - and the realms of science fiction and fantasy. The one-time journalist has written comics, novels, screenplays, television scripts, and has even been involved with anime.
Before moving to America, working on a number of British comics including 2000AD's Future Shocks stories, and a run on Marvelman which he took over from Alan Moore. Gaiman also happened to be one of the earliest American exports, taking control of DC's Sandman and revitalising the series after years hiding in the DC archives. This series also introduced a version of the devil who got bored with Hell and lives on Earth under the name Lucifer Morningstar. Lucifer would later go on to appear in his own spin-off series (not written by Gaiman), which has recently been adapted into a TV series.
Gaiman has also written about Batman in Batman RIP follow-up Whatever Happened to the Caped Crusader?, and worked on series like Miracleman, Marvel 1602, Stardust, and Spawn. Gaiman is notable for having created the Spawn character Angela, designed to be a complete angelic opposite the Spawn himself. Angela is notable because both Gaiman and Spawn creator Todd McFarlane claimed ownership to the character. Gaiman eventually won, and sold the characyter rights to Marvel.
Outside of comics Gaiman is an accomplished author, and script-writer. His film work includes the English version of Princess Monoke, Mirrormask, and 2007's Beowulf.
Pat Mills is often referred to as 'the godfather of British comics', best known for founding 2000AD in 1977 and setting the comic's rebellious anti-establishment tone that continues to this day. Beforehand he launched Battle Picture Weekly, and Action, the latter of which ended up being cancelled after two years due to controversy and protests regarding the title's violent and anti-authortarianist themes.
2000AD is the real high point of Mills' career, and it's been said many times that the title had a huge impact on the American comics market. DC is well known for poaching British writers and artists during the 1980s (in an event dubbed 'The British Invasion'), most of whom ended up writing darker comics containing social commentary of the day - two things that 2000AD had had great success with in previous years. Without Mills there would be no 2000AD, and without 2000AD the American comics industry wouldn't have transitioned towards the phase of the dark superhero. Not that Mills was happy with DC poaching all his best talent, and that 2000AD's publisher was unwilling to try and stop it.
Mills is also an accomplished comics writer, having created ABC Warriors, Sláine, and Nemesis the Warlock. He also wrote for many of the title's series, and helped develop Judge Dredd after creator John Wagner temporarily walked out on the character. Stateside he is probably best known for writing Mavel's Punisher 2099, set in an alternate future where Jake Gallows takes on Frank Castle's mantle to fight crime and protect people who are unable to afford police protection in coporate-run New York.
Image: Pat Loika/Flickr
While Grant Morrison is best known for his work with DC, particularly on various Batman series, but the Scottish writer began his work much closer to home. He started off working on indie titles, and at both Marvel UK and 2000AD.
He first caught he attention of DC working on Zenith, 2000AD's first superhero. In typical 2000AD style, Zenith had no interest in using his powers to fight crime. Instead Morrison described him as the kind of man who's only interested in "drinking and shagging page 3 girls" - which he imagined he'd be like if he had superpowers. His first work at DC was revitalising the struggling Animal Man series and writing the one-shot Arkham Asylum: A Serious House on Serious Earth (which loosely inspired the Arkham Asylum video game).
During this time he kept working for indie titles in the UK, and was subject to some controversy due to the anti-Thatcher themes in St Swithine's Day. The comic caused a minor storm amongst the tabloids, and was even subject to a complaint by Tory MP Teddy Taylor. The controversy continued when he published The New Adventures of Hitler in Scottish magazine Cut.
Morrison also wrote All-Star Superman in the late '00s, and wrote for Batman between 2007 and 2013. Batman stories he wrote include Batman RIP, Batman and Son, Batman Incorporated, and The Return of Bruce Wayne. He also worked on video games Predator: Concrete Jungle and Battlestar Galactica.
Image: Gage Skidmore/Flickr
Dave Gibbons started his work in the UK, most notably at 2000AD, but later became one of the first artists to leave the company in favour of the more lucrative opportunities at DC. He's best known for collaborating with Alan Moore, working with him on Watchmen, Superman: For the Man Who Has Everything, various 2000AD titles, and Green Lantern one-shot Mogo Doesn't Socialise.
Here in the UK he is best known for on 2000AD, where he helped create the character of Rogue Trooper with Gerry Finely-Day, and as lead artist for Doctor Who comics in the early '80s.
Gibbons had a significant run as artist of Tales of the Green Lantern Corps in the '80s, as well as Sinestro Corps War, the main Green Lantern Corps series in the '00s. He also drew for World's Finest and The Secret Service (with Mark Millar) which would hit the cinema screen in the form of Kingsman.
Obviously his most famous work is Watchmen, and when the decision was made to change the ending of the film adaptation, Gibbons was brought on to create artwork showing off what it might have looked like on the page.
Image: Pat Loika/Flickr
There are a lot of comic artists out there, but the number that have CVs as impressive as Bryan Hitch are few and far between. Unlike a lot of British creatives who've worked in comics, Hitch doesn't appear to have worked for 2000AD. He started his career at Marvel UK in 1987, and quickly moved onto bigger publishers in the US.
He had a run on The Sensational She-Hulk, Teen Titans, and a number of series for Valiant Comics - often collaborating with inker Paul Neary. His break into high-profile work began in the late '90s working on a reboot of Stormwatch with Garth Ennis, and launching The Authority, which led to a year producing art for JLA (Justice League of America). His return to Marvel came in the early '00s, working with Mark Millar and Neary on The Ultimates, and Ultimate Fantastic Four. This same collaborative team had a significant impact on the Marvel Cinematic Universe, including basing Nick Fury's appearance on Samuel L Jackson and designing SHIELD's Triskellion HQ. Josh Trank, director of last year's cinematic shit show Fantastic Four, is also a fan of Hitch's work, and used his run on Ultimate Fantastic Four as inspiration for the film.
Hitch has also done a lot of work illustrating comic covers for various publishers, and drew the interior art for the likes of Justice League of America (2015), Age of Ultron, and Captain America: Reborn.
Steve Dillon was one of the earliest artists to leave the UK to work for DC, after having worked on a great many 2000AD titles - including Judge Dredd, Rogue Trooper, ABC Warriors, and more.
After leaving he is probably best known for his collaborations with Garth Ennis, providing the art for Preacher, and a very large number of Ennis's Punisher stories. Dillon also worked on Hellblazer, Wolverine: Origins, and created the original character Dogwelder who appeared in Ennis's Hitman series at DC.
Closer to home, Dillon helped found the magazine Deadline with fellow 2000AD artist Brett Ewins in 1988. Deadline was designed to print stories aimed at an adult audience, unlike the likes of 2000AD which still marketed to younger readers. Deadline continued for another seven years.
Warren Ellis started off his career in the same way as many other British comic writers, working in the native industry for magazines like Deadline and 2000AD. By 1994, Ellis was working for Marvel where he started writing for a number of comics set in the alternate future of 2099, and Excalibur a comic about a superhero team set in the UK. Later on he worked on a number of X-Men series, Ultimate Fantastic Four and more.
Ellis has also worked for DC's vertigo imprint, working on series like Hellblazer, and Transmetropolitan, a creator-owned series following a gonzo journalist in a dystopian American future. He's also produced a large number of comics for a number of other publishers, including Wildstorm, Avatar, and Dynamite where he worked with Jason Masters on an ongoing James Bond series.
Ellis's Iron Man: Extremis was very loosely adapted for the big screen in the form of Iron Man 3. Ellis also lent his name to President Matthew Ellis, played by William Sadler in both Iron Man 3 and Agents of SHIELD.
Believe it or not, but former actress and model Joan Lee is indirectly responsible for the modern Marvel universe as we know it. See, Joan Lee is married to Stan Lee. The same Stan Lee who helped create so many of the early Marvel characters and cameos in damn near all the modern Marvel movies.
In the late 50s Stan had become rather disenchanted with his job at what would become Marvel Comics, since he was writing stories that had no substance or characterisation. As he put it, the publisher didn't respect the readers and insisted that comics only needed to be full of action scenes. Stan was on the verge of quitting to look for a new job, when his wife suggested that he try writing a comic the way he wanted. She apparently told him that the worst that could happen was he got fired, which was fine since he wanted to leave anyway.
The story he came up with would have real characters with personality, and stories that had things other than action. It also happened to sell incredibly well, causing the publisher to demand more stories just like it. That book was a little thing called The Fantastic Four, and Stan said that it then led onto his other famous creations that he enjoyed writing about - like X-Men, Spider-Man, The Hulk, and so on.
So without a few words of wisdom from Joan Lee, Stan Lee might have left Marvel and who knows how things would have ended up. Some reports even claim that she was the inspiration for Spider-Man's long time on/off girlfriend/wife Mary Jane Watson. Joan Lee may not have been a writer or an artist, but she played a damn important role.
You can hear the tale in the video below, starting at 5:30.
Honourable Mention: Garth Ennis
Image: pinguino k/Flickr
Let's get this out of the way now, Garth Ennis isn't British. He is Northern Irish, though, which means we here at Giz UK shouldn't be ignoring the work he's produced throughout his career.
Some of Ennis's most well known work in the mainstream is his run on The Punisher, after impressing Marvel Editor-in-Chief Joe Quesada. Quesada went as far as to tell Ennis that he could write The Punisher for as long as he wanted to. One notable scene in this run was eventually used as inspiration for a scene in Daredevil Season 2. Aside from a 31-issue run, he contributed a number of other Punisher stories including Punisher Kills the Marvel Universe (a very literal title), Punisher MAX (which is far more violent and dark than mainstream Marvel comics), and Punisher War Zone.
Over at DC Ennis created the character Hitman, a Hitman with minor super powers who specialised in metahuman and supernatural hits - jobs that most contract killers would avoid due to their risk. The Hitman series was firmly entrenched in the DC continuity, with some of the universes biggest heroes making cameos and many references being made to current goings on in other titles.
Ennis also wrote the series Preacher (in collaboration with Steve Dillon), a tale about a Texan priest with supernatural powers going on a literal search for god to understand his powers. He is aided by a former girlfriend and an alcoholic Irish vampire. Preacher is currently in production as a full TV series, and will arrive in the States in May, starring Dominic Cooper, Ruth Negga, and Joe Gilgun. Stephen King also claims that Preacher was a major influence on The Dark Tower: A Gunslinger Born - the first in a five part comic adaptation of his Dark Tower books.
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Let’s face it, Indians love to eat good food and the multifaceted Indian cuisine is full of sweets, fried and rich dishes which has made this nation the diabetes capital of the world. Definitely not something we can be proud of. Artificial suppression by external insulin has weakened our own defense mechanism against this fear over time, and now it is not uncommon to see a family history of diabetes in many. There is another problem, not detected and addressed at the right time; he appears out of the blue with a vengeance, demanding rigid lifestyle changes as the consequences could even lead to death.
Some quick facts to tell us the seriousness of this disease:
â In 2019, approximately 463 million adults (20-79 years old) were living with diabetes; by 2045, that number will increase to 700 million.
â The proportion of people with type 2 diabetes is increasing in most countries
â 79% of adults with diabetes lived in low- and middle-income countries
â 1 in 5 people over 65 have diabetes
â 1 in 2 people (232 million) with diabetes has not been diagnosed
â Diabetes has caused 4.2 million deaths – this is much worse than the number of deaths from Covid.
â One in six people with diabetes in the world is Indian and the situation is not improving.
While eating the right food is never a bad idea, overeating or under exercising is a problem, especially if you have diabetes. Since the onset of the global coronavirus pandemic, doctors have suggested that Covid-19 may pose a serious threat to people with diabetes. But has it ever occurred to you that the coronavirus can cause new cases of diabetes?
Recently, it was noted that people who have recovered from the coronavirus show a spike in their blood sugar. There has been a surge in the number of people with diabetes during the coronavirus pandemic. About 40% of people who have recovered from Covid-19 have developed diabetes. The Delta variant of the coronavirus damages beta cells present in the islet of Langerhans of the pancreas. Beta cells are essential for the synthesis of insulin, which helps regulate blood sugar. By damaging beta cells, the Delta virus can cause diabetes. In addition, the coronavirus tends to bind to ACE-2 receptors in organs, thereby making the body resistant to insulin.
Although this is a serious threat to the body, it is not unmanageable or (in some cases) reversible. If a person is on the verge of diabetes, the simple act of applying yellow color to the fingernail of the little finger of the right hand works like magic. The yellow color can be turmeric, a yellow flower petal, or even nail polish.
Likewise, applying a strip of yellow color all around the “K” joint of the index finger of the left hand and the index finger of the right hand can cure diabetes. But if the patient is on insulin, the application of a strip of yellow color should also be applied to the âPâ joint.
If the sugar level reaches 200, men will experience pain in the knuckle, next to the palm. While women will feel pain in the index finger of the right hand. It is advisable to stimulate the pressure point with a probe, it can be a blunt pencil or a ballpoint pen without a refill. The probe should be 1/3 the length of the phalanx. Apply a moong seed with a white germination point facing the skin. This remedy should be done once a day.
A low sugar content is more dangerous than a high sugar content. Every three to four hours, the patient experiences symptoms of low blood sugar. People whose blood sugar drops frequently should see their doctor and take appropriate medication. Always keep a chocolate or a piece of sugar on hand if you are someone whose blood sugar levels keep dropping.
Continue to stick moong dal and take the medications prescribed by your doctor. Sticking moong dal for 15 to 20 days on a regular basis can reverse your diabetes. Later, avoid sugar after getting rid of the disease.
And for those who suffer from hyperglycemia, such people should apply a magnet to the nail of the little finger of the right hand. The magnet should be kept for one to five hours, depending on the sugar levels. Never apply magnets at night, as you might not realize that the sugar level is low and that low sugar level could cause serious problems. Medication will be free in about 18 months (without a dose of insulin) to 30 months, if you are on insulin.
(You can find solutions to many other problems at www.artofselfhealing.in.)
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Posted on: Sunday November 28, 2021, 11:30 am IST | <urn:uuid:6e3b0290-611c-4df9-8109-f687d5d5e73e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://esfarmaciaonline.com/simply-sujok-managing-diabetes-without-drugs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.93344 | 1,016 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Monday, August 22, 2011
Joshua P. Fershee (North Dakota) has posted Reliably Unreliable: The Problems with Piecemeal Federal Transmission and Grid Reliability Policies, Center for Energy and Environmental Law, University of Connecticut School of Law Policy Paper, July 2011. The abstract:
In the past, electricity was considered a local concern, but over time major portions of the electrical grid have become regional, national, and even international in scope. Electricity regulation has evolved into a complex web of multijurisdictional oversight, and this evolution has created both tensions and opportunities. National legislation and regulation have helped increase reliability, diversify the fuel mix for electricity generation, and create a more open market for electricity. However, national regulation designed to enhance open markets also created opportunities for abuse. In addition, the increasing level of federal oversight has led to conflicts between state and federal entities as the traditional sense of local control over siting and delivery of electricity has been eroded.
A large portion of the current U.S. transmission system is between thirty and fifty years old. As the transmission grid ages, reliability concerns increase; an old grid is simply more likely to fail. Still, new transmission infrastructure is expensive, laborintensive, and complex. Further, there are significant concerns about whether upgraded and expanded transmission lines are the best way to improve safety and reliability.Certainly, with the advent of microgrids and other technologies, transmission lines are not the sole option. A multi-faceted approach that considers local and regional needs, as well as those of the nation as a whole, is necessary.
There are several areas in need of consideration. Recent federal legislation designed to address transmission siting has been well intended, but limited in scope. Further, recent court decisions have all but eliminated the potential effectiveness of the federal siting authority. In addition, cost allocation issues for new energy facilities have emerged as paramount in the relatively new era of competitive markets for power generation, and these issues have been exacerbated by recent energy policy developments. Finally, policies designed to address public safety and environmental concerns have impeded (or run the risk of impeding) broader policy goals, because the policies are often limited in scope and not part of a comprehensive package then ensures necessary synergies to improve grid reliability.
There is no shortage of effort at the state, regional, and federal levels to improve electricity grid reliability and safety. Unfortunately, in many cases, the efforts have been competitive with other energy-related policies (such as climate change initiatives and renewable energy mandates), and jurisdictional conflicts have obstructed, rather than facilitated, many such efforts. It is time for Congress to provide clear authority to someone to make and coordinate changes. A failure to act to preserve and improve the safety and reliability of our electric system would be a costly and avoidable failure. And that is something no one can afford.
Prof. Fershee had a very interesting presentation at SEALS last month too; check out this timely paper. | <urn:uuid:c0b0c90c-f5a4-459b-a4f8-0b1de128ab94> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://lawprofessors.typepad.com/land_use/2011/08/fershee-on-the-problems-with-piecemeal-federal-transmission.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00394-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957361 | 605 | 1.882813 | 2 |
What started 14 years ago as an annual weekly event to get South Africans to visit the country’s 19 main national parks for free for a day has just finished its latest season, with well over 113,000 – double the figure for 2018 – taking advantage of the offer.
SA National Parks Week, which ran 8-15 September, saw 113, 032 free day visitors to the parks managed by SANParks, excluding Namaqua and Boulders at Table Mountain National Park.
The highest increases were seen at Bontebok (292 percent higher than last year), Table Mountain National Park (71 percent higher), Addo Elephant Park (58 percent), and Marekele (55 percent).
Last year, 74.086 visited, a drop on the previous year. When the programme began, less than 10,000 made use of it.
According to SANParks CEO, Fundisile Mketeni, the objective of the week – which is sponsored by FNB and Total – was “to give all South Africans a chance to enjoy and experience the beauty and majesty of our breath-taking National Parks.”
“When people start to take pride in the national parks, then we believe that they will start to understand the importance of conservation… The survival of the South African national parks system and our natural and cultural heritage lies in the people of South Africa.”
Since its inception in 2006, National Parks Week has seen an influx of 551,393 day visitors in all participating parks. “These numbers are encouraging and tell us that more people are taking advantage of this free week at our National Parks,” said Mketeni. | <urn:uuid:c3f2d2a8-098b-480d-bcaa-792efddfa713> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sapeople.com/2019/09/18/more-than-113000-flock-to-south-africas-free-national-parks-week/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.956198 | 344 | 1.71875 | 2 |
While few animals are truly silent, hermit crabs are close. The noise made by hermit crabs is unique, a cross between a chirping cricket and a croaking frog. This is known as stridulation.
It’s suggested that hermit crabs stridulate to ward off competition for shells or denote pain and irritation. Some hermit crabs also verbalize when afraid or overstimulated.
If a hermit crab is noisy, it’s attempting to get the attention of another hermit crab.
Are Hermit Crabs Noisy Pets?
Hermit crabs are considered to be among the quietest pets.
Hermit crabs aren’t completely silent, though. Their legs clack when climbing the walls of their habitat, and shells often clash. Also, hermit crabs communicate with each other.
Hermit crab vocalizations sound like a chirp and a croak in one. This process, known as stridulation, varies in frequency. Some hermit crabs rarely make a sound, while others regularly communicate.
Even if you have talkative hermit crabs, you can’t describe them as noisy. Stridulation is rarely loud enough to disturb somebody in the same room, let alone a neighbor.
How Do Hermit Crabs Make Sounds?
Hermit crabs don’t verbalize from a larynx. Rather, stridulation occurs due to rubbing body parts inside the shell, similar to crickets rubbing their wings together. This, presumably, is why the sound is comparable to a cricket’s chirp.
The most popular theory is that hermit crabs knock their legs together or scrape a leg against their shell. Many owners anecdotally report hearing chirping when the walking legs are still, suggesting that hermit crabs use their four rearmost legs.
The penultimate pair of legs toward a hermit crab’s rear is most likely to be used for stridulation. These small appendages are used to climb in and out of their shells. As hermit crabs use their rear legs to clean their shells, they may also be used for stridulation.
Do All Hermit Crabs Make Noises?
All hermit crabs are capable of stridulation, though this doesn’t mean that all hermit crabs make noise. If hermit crabs are silent, this suggests they’re content and healthy.
Equally, some hermit crabs will start making noise for seemingly no reason. Your hermit crabs may just be growing more comfortable with each other and communicating.
However, sudden noise can be a warning sign that something is amiss.
Why Do Hermit Crabs Make a Chirping Noise?
Reasons why hermit crabs chirp includes:
As you can see, this is a broad church of definitions. As the question, “why do hermit crabs chirp?” has no definitive answer, we’re working in the realms of supposition. There are several possible explanations:
Deterring Rival Hermit Crabs
One form of hermit crab stridulation is vibrating, which is undertaken to warn rival hermit crabs away from a coveted shell. Along with potential mates, shells are the main source of confrontation.
Males, in particular, will often clash over shells because they grow quickly, completing several molts in their earliest years. This leaves hermit crabs constantly seeking a bigger, better shell.
Hermit crabs aren’t shy about challenging conspecifics for a new shell. If a hermit crab wants a shell that belongs to another hermit crab, it’ll approach and start shell rapping. This is the act of clashing shells, trying to force the occupant into the open to do battle.
As explained by Biology Letters, the owner of the shell will start to vibrate inside, which is a display of strength. The owner of the shell is trying to deter its opponent.
The challenging hermit crab will react accordingly. The aggressor will continue shell rapping if confident – or desperate – enough. If not, it’ll walk away and seek an easier opponent.
As discussed, hermit crabs engage in conflict over shells. In most instances, this will be civil, but there can be a thin line between negotiation and aggression.
As per Animal Behavior, aggressive hermit crabs can evict rivals from a shell by force, typically accompanied by increasingly loud chirping. Both hermit crabs are communicating their displeasure with the actions of the other.
Most hermit crabs co-exist peacefully, especially hermit crabs of the same species. However, aggression can occur, as every hermit crab is unique, and some are more antagonistic than others.
If you have one hermit crab that seems overly aggressive, consider rehousing it for a while. Start by temporarily letting the hermit crab calm down before returning it. If the aggression continues, the hermit crab may need to live alone or with one compatible companion.
Hermit crabs are believed to stridulate when afraid. A loud, squawking chirp is an expression of fright.
Hermit crabs can fight over shells, but not all are prepared to fight. For example, a smaller hermit crab may be frightened by the aggressive behavior of a larger rival.
Also, ensure that there are no external threats. If you own other pets, such as cats or dogs, ensure they’re not patrolling the hermit crab enclosure because this can frighten the occupants.
Check the hygrometer to ensure the humidity level is appropriate. If hermit crabs experience dry gills, they’ll struggle to breathe and eventually die.
Agitation and Annoyance
Hermit crabs chirp when disturbed, or something displeases them. Common examples of when you may hear hermit crabs chirp include:
- Disturbing sleeping hermit crabs.
- Moving hermit crabs from their habitat.
- Picking up a hermit crab that doesn’t want to be handled.
- A tankmate climbing over the top of a prone hermit crab.
- Turning on bright lights during a scheduled period of darkness.
- Taking away uneaten food if the hermit crabs haven’t yet had their fill.
You may hear chirping when hermit crabs want to be left alone.
Hermit crabs that live together will usually cooperate and assist each other. Alas, some hermit crabs are opportunistic, seeing a struggling hermit crab as weak and making a play for its shell.
Is one of the hermit crabs trapped on its back? Hermit crabs can usually flip themselves over, but they may struggle. If so, it’ll need your assistance.
Hermit crabs don’t always stridulate by choice. Look for warning signs that a hermit crab is trapped within a shell. The legs will scratch and scrape constantly if a shell is too tight.
Under no circumstances should you pull the hermit crab from its shell, as it’ll resist, so you’ll end up tugging off its limbs. Instead, guide it into a water bowl to submerge and moisten the shell interior. | <urn:uuid:e22bbffa-a7fe-4b00-9bc1-5508bd22f454> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.hermitcrabanswers.com/what-does-hermit-crab-chirping-mean/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.915074 | 1,539 | 3.09375 | 3 |
Strong's Hebrew7964. shilluchim -- a sending away, parting gift
... Word Origin from shalach Definition a sending away, parting gift NASB Word
Usage dowry (1), parting gifts (1). presents, have sent back. ...
/hebrew/7964.htm - 6k
7126. qarab -- to come near, approach
7725. shub -- to turn back, return
4030. migdanah -- a choice or excellent thing
7200. raah -- to see
5066. nagash -- to draw near, approach
How He Honored Many by Presents and Promotions.
Embassy and Presents from the Indians.
Presents to the Bishops, and Letters to the People Generally.
Arius, on Being Recalled, Presents a Recantation to the Emperor ...
Herod is Confirmed in his Kingdom by Caesar, and Cultivates a ...
Ambassadors from Different Barbarous Nations Receive Presents from ...
How Cleopatra, when She had Gotten from Antony Some Parts of Judea ...
The Story of the Purging of the Temple Spiritualized. Taken ...
How He Dismissed Some, and Wrote Letters to Others; Also his ...
The End of Cambyses.
Smith's Bible DictionaryPresents
ThesaurusPresents (38 Occurrences)
...Presents (38 Occurrences). Matthew 3:13 Just at that time Jesus, coming from Galilee
to the Jordan, presents Himself to John to be baptized by him. (WEY). ...
/p/presents.htm - 18k
Taxing (3 Occurrences)
Tax (43 Occurrences)
Gift (148 Occurrences)
Undefiled (7 Occurrences)
Libations (29 Occurrences)
Aramean (17 Occurrences)
Feasting (39 Occurrences)
Bible ConcordancePresents (38 Occurrences)
Matthew 3:13 Just at that time Jesus, coming from Galilee to the Jordan, presents Himself to John to be baptized by him.
Acts 28:10 who also honoured us with many honours, and on our leaving they made presents to us of what should minister to our wants.
Revelation 11:10 Those who dwell on the earth rejoice over them, and they will be glad. They will give gifts to one another, because these two prophets tormented those who dwell on the earth.
Leviticus 2:1 And when a person bringeth near an offering, a present to Jehovah, of flour is his offering, and he hath poured on it oil, and hath put on it frankincense;
Leviticus 6:5 or any thing about which he has sworn falsely; he shall restore it even in full, and shall add a fifth part more to it. To him to whom it belongs he shall give it, in the day of his being found guilty.
Leviticus 7:8 The priest who offers any man's burnt offering, even the priest shall have for himself the skin of the burnt offering which he has offered.
Leviticus 7:9 and every present which is baked in an oven, and every one done in a frying-pan, and on a girdel, 'is' the priest's who is bringing it near; it is his;
Leviticus 22:18 "Speak to Aaron, and to his sons, and to all the children of Israel, and say to them,'Whoever is of the house of Israel, or of the foreigners in Israel, who offers his offering, whether it be any of their vows, or any of their freewill offerings, which they offer to Yahweh for a burnt offering;
Numbers 15:4 then shall he that bringeth his offering present unto the LORD a meal-offering of a tenth part of an ephah of fine flour mingled with the fourth part of a hin of oil;
Numbers 15:14 If a stranger lives as a foreigner with you, or whoever may be among you throughout your generations, and will offer an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to Yahweh; as you do, so he shall do.
Numbers 29:39 These ye prepare to Jehovah in your appointed seasons, apart from your vows, and your free-will offerings, for your burnt-offerings, and for your presents, and for your libations, and for your peace-offerings.'
1 Samuel 10:27 But the children of Belial said, How shall this man save us? And they despised him, and brought no presents. But he held his peace.
2 Samuel 8:2 And he smote Moab, and measured them with the line, making them to lie down on the ground; and he measured two lines to put to death, and one full line to keep alive. And the Moabites became servants to David, and brought tribute.
2 Samuel 8:6 Then David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus; and the Syrians became servants to David, and brought tribute. And Jehovah gave victory to David whithersoever he went.
2 Samuel 11:8 And David said to Urijah, Go down to thy house and wash thy feet. And Urijah departed out of the king's house, and there followed him presents from the king.
1 Kings 4:21 And Solomon reigned over all kingdoms from the river unto the land of the Philistines, and unto the border of Egypt: they brought presents, and served Solomon all the days of his life.
2 Kings 17:3 Against him came up Shalmaneser king of Assyria; and Hoshea became his servant, and gave him presents.
1 Chronicles 18:2 And he smote Moab; and the Moabites became servants to David, and brought tribute.
1 Chronicles 18:6 Then David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus; and the Syrians became servants to David, and brought tribute. And Jehovah gave victory to David whithersoever he went.
2 Chronicles 17:5 Therefore the LORD stablished the kingdom in his hand; and all Judah brought to Jehoshaphat presents; and he had riches and honor in abundance.
2 Chronicles 17:11 Some of the Philistines brought Jehoshaphat presents, and silver for tribute; the Arabians also brought him flocks, seven thousand and seven hundred rams, and seven thousand and seven hundred male goats.
2 Chronicles 19:7 And now, let the terror of Jehovah be upon you; be careful what ye do, for there is no iniquity with Jehovah, nor respect of persons, nor taking of presents.
2 Chronicles 32:23 And many brought gifts unto the LORD to Jerusalem, and presents to Hezekiah king of Judah: so that he was magnified in the sight of all nations from thenceforth.
Ezra 7:17 therefore thou dost speedily buy with this money, bullocks, rams, lambs, and their presents, and their libations, and dost bring them near to the altar of the house of your God that 'is' in Jerusalem,
Esther 2:18 And the king made a great feast to all his princes and his servants, Esther's feast; and he made a release to the provinces, and gave presents according to the king's bounty.
Esther 9:19 Therefore the Jews of the villages, who live in the unwalled towns, make the fourteenth day of the month Adar a day of gladness and feasting, a good day, and a day of sending presents of food to one another.
Esther 9:22 as the days in which the Jews had rest from their enemies, and the month which was turned to them from sorrow to gladness, and from mourning into a good day; that they should make them days of feasting and gladness, and of sending presents of food to one another, and gifts to the needy.
Psalms 20:3 He doth remember all thy presents, And thy burnt-offering doth reduce to ashes. Selah.
Psalms 68:29 Because of your temple at Jerusalem, kings shall bring presents to you.
Psalms 72:10 The kings of Tarshish and of the isles shall bring presents: the kings of Sheba and Seba shall offer gifts.
Psalms 76:11 Make vows to Yahweh your God, and fulfill them! Let all of his neighbors bring presents to him who is to be feared.
Isaiah 1:23 thy princes are rebellious, and companions of thieves; every one loveth presents, and hunteth after rewards; they judge not the fatherless, and the cause of the widow cometh not unto them.
Isaiah 16:12 It will happen that when Moab presents himself, when he wearies himself on the high place, and comes to his sanctuary to pray, that he will not prevail.
Isaiah 66:3 Whoso slaughtereth the ox smiteth a man, Whoso sacrificeth the lamb beheadeth a dog, Whoso is bringing up a present -- The blood of a sow, Whoso is making mention of frankincense, Is blessing iniquity. Yea, they have fixed on their own ways, And in their abominations their soul hath delighted.
Amos 5:11 Forasmuch, therefore, as ye trample upon the poor, and take from him presents of wheat: ye have built houses of hewn stone, but ye shall not dwell in them; ye have planted pleasant vineyards, and ye shall not drink the wine of them.
Amos 5:22 For though ye cause burnt-offerings and your presents to ascend to Me, I am not pleased, And the peace-offering of your fatlings I behold not.
Micah 1:14 Therefore shalt thou give presents to Moreshethgath: the houses of Achzib shall be a lie to the kings of Israel.
Malachi 2:12 Cut off doth Jehovah the man who doth it, Tempter and tempted -- from the tents of Jacob, Even he who is bringing nigh a present to Jehovah of Hosts.
LinksBible Concordance • Bible Dictionary • Bible Encyclopedia • Topical Bible • Bible Thesuarus | <urn:uuid:ce181922-18a4-4b17-8b36-fd969bc600b1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://bibleencyclopedia.com/presents.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00176-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950497 | 2,168 | 2.40625 | 2 |
The secular self-esteem industry has become a cornerstone of modern culture. Countless books promote techniques of building self-worth and “feeling good about ourselves.” Similar textbooks also fill our schools, attempting to heal so many wounded souls from dysfunctional families and our broken culture. But the appeal is ambiguous and even dangerous.
The movement quickly degrades into absurdities. A particularly silly children’s book comes to mind: I Like Me!
Are these books useful, harmless, or mischievous?
It’s hard to “like ourselves” in a morally healthy way without the guidance of a few basics of the Catholic faith. God created us in his image and likeness. We have God-given dignity that others cannot destroy. But Original Sin and our personal sins besmirch that beautiful dignity. Without God’s grace, our fallen condition paralyzes us in despair and self-loathing. Jesus came into the world to save us from our sins because He loves us. He suffered and died for us. He instituted the seven sacraments so that we can continue to encounter Him after the Ascension.
Catholics—and a few non-Catholic Christians—should recognize the preceding as a summary of our Faith. The Apostles’ Creed and the seven sacraments form the “machinery” that buiilds authentic self-esteem and allows us to feel good about ourselves. Of course we frequently fall short, either through ignorance or malice. As a result we feed our self-esteem with arrogance, excessive self-confidence, and selfish behavior.
Such feelings of self-esteem are common to us all and likely filled the hearts of tax collectors in the time of Jesus. They thought so much of themselves that they had no scruple in lying and cheating, routinely skimming a few bucks off the top to supplement their income. Maybe it didn’t matter to them that the people hated them for their thievery. But in the recesses of their larcenous hearts, they knew they were crooks, and from another perspective, that knowledge is hard on one’s sense of self-esteem.
Jesus comes into town, and Zacchaeus, a notorious chief tax collector, seeks Him. The Gospel doesn’t report whether Zacchaeus lacked self-esteem. But he might have been dissatisfied in his current state, or perhaps just curious about the new itinerant preacher. Jesus responds to his quest and spots him up in the sycamore tree. He invites Himself as an honored guest of Zacchaeus. Zacchaeus is only too happy to oblige over the grumbling protests of the citizenry.
The Evangelist does not reveal the mental state of Zacchaeus before he sought Jesus. But in his material comfort, he must have been restless. The sin of his larceny must have haunted him day and night. It takes a lot of self-esteem to kill a conscience. Unless a conscience is moribund, every unconfessed mortal sin beats like Edgar Allen Poe’s “Telltale Heart.”
God’s grace works in mysterious ways. Perhaps Zacchaeus’s wife married him for his money, and in time he realized she was treating him the same way he manipulated the taxpayers. Or maybe he had a growing realization of the emptiness of wealth without virtue.
Whatever the background, Jesus touches Zacchaeus with his generous offer of friendship. In a grand act of repentance, Zacchaeus promises to reform his life through restitution and charity. In doing so, he gains the self-esteem that counts: “Today salvation has come to this house, since he also is a son of Abraham. For the Son of man came to seek and to save the lost.” (Luke 19:9)
But self-esteem in Christ does not mean all is well. Zacchaeus may have converted and received Jesus’ forgiveness, but he still had to pick up the pieces of his life. As unpleasant as those pieces may have been, he emerged from his encounter with Jesus with the knowledge that he was no longer a crook. In cooperation with Jesus, Zacchaeus purified his conscience and restored his integrity. Friendship with Jesus set him free, and he recovered his dignity.
Jesus reveals a delicate interplay between his grace and a human soul. There is a beautiful saying, “Whom you would change, you must first love.” Flowing from this is, “and they must know that you love them.” Jesus was not contemptuous of Zacchaeus, even though he was a sinner. Jesus offered him the affection of a friend. “[S]eek, and you will find; knock, and it will be opened to you. For every one who asks receives, and he who seeks finds, and to him who knocks it will be opened. (Mt. 7:7-8)
But we often fear Divine friendship. As Francis Thompson’s epic poem, “The Hound of Heaven,” has it, most of us at some point in our lives flee friendship with Jesus:
I fled Him, down the nights and down the days;
I fled Him, down the arches of the years;
I fled Him, down the labyrinthine ways
Of my own mind; and in the mist of tears
I hid from Him…
The consequences of our flight from Him are grim:
My mangled youth lies dead beneath the heap.
My days have crackled and gone up in smoke,
Have puffed and burst as sun-starts on a stream.
But Jesus, the “Hound of Heaven,” loves us and seeks us. Hence the poem concludes:
Halts by me that footfall;
Is my gloom, after all,
Shade of His hand, outstretched caressingly?
“Ah, fondest, blindest, weakest,
I am He Whom thou seekest!
It is a paradox of human existence that the more we seek self-esteem on our terms, the more elusive it becomes. Try as we might, the vanity of seeking peace without God and the Sacraments is futile. Jesus does not offer us self-esteem. He offers us peace of soul if we respond to His love and work the “Sacramental machinery” of our faith.
Saint Augustine sums up the machinery of our faith in more appealing terms: “You have made us for Yourself, O Lord, and our hearts are restless until they rest in you.”
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Feedback loops are an essential component in product development because these loops provide regular opportunities to learn and adjust the product to have better fit. Qualitative feedback loops enable you to better understand your customers. Prototyping is another powerful feedback loop in product development. As effective as these are, both qualitative feedback and prototyping are poorly suited to give feedback at scale—they are best done in one on one scenarios or small groups and often times in-person.
However, one of the benefits to building products in the age of the internet is that we can do many things at scale that were previously not possible. This includes automated, remote, and statistically significant product feedback loops. This type of product feedback loop depends on having well-implemented data gathering and analytics.
What are analytics?
Product analytics are the computational analyses of data about a product. This can be passive data that is not explicitly under your control, like number of downloads or support requests. But for the duration of this article we will be looking at data that is generated from your product that you have explicitly decided to capture.
Data events are the basic building block for most product analytics. A data event is any meaningful action or event that you would like to track or factor into some kind of analysis. Events are composed of a name, like created-account, and a date and time of occurrence. Most event tracking tools will also let you add custom attributes to events to capture other relevant state of the product when the event occurred.
Choosing what data events to capture takes a little bit of foresight (and experience) to know what you might want to track. For this reason, it is often best to start with a small number of events and iteratively add more as you learn about what you want to know. Web analytics tools usually automatically track every URL loaded as a page view event; event tracking for native apps will most likely not have any built-in events.
Segmentation, funnels, and cohorts are three important analytics concepts. You will probably get a better idea of the events you should capture in your product as we discuss these concepts.
Splitting event data into groups based on some particular characteristic is known as segmentation. There are two main types of segmentation: event and customer.
Event segmentation lets you understand different aspects of a particular event. For example, if you have a “save note” event with a custom attribute of “note length” that counts the number of words, you could break down the event into buckets of length to understand if your customers are typing long or short notes. You can leverage this type of analysis to inform future UI improvements or feature decisions.
Customer segmentation lets you look at how different groups of customers use your product. For example, you could look at how customers from different regions trigger an event or use a feature (which could be an aggregation of multiple events).
Some action paths through a product are important to track and optimize for the highest completion rate possible, like signing up for an account or making a purchase. You can simply track the occurrence of the final action with a single data event, but you need to be able to connect multiple events together to analyze the entire path. This kind of analysis is referred to as funnel analysis.
Funnels are useful to quickly see where customers are dropping off in a path. For example, are they having issues on the checkout page? You can also use funnels across product releases to ensure a change has not decreased conversions on critical product paths.
Cohorts are groups of customers that have a common characteristic within a specified time period, usually day, week, or month. Preceding concepts, like segmentation or simple data events, can be used to define cohorts, but a common cohort characteristic is the date a person started using a product.
Cohort analysis is helpful in tracking two important product metrics at a high-level: engagement and retention. Pairing a useful cohort characteristic, like start date, with one of your key performance indicator metrics is a powerful way to make sure each new cohort group is staying engaged. Similarly, cohorts provide a quick way to see how long customers are sticking around with your product. Here is one way of visualizing a cohort analysis:
It’s important to note that cohort analysis does not show why engagement or retention is worsening or improving, but it will give a heads up that something warrants further investigation.
Now that you understand the basics of analytics, you should choose one of the tools out there—like Google Analytics, Mixpanel, or Localytics—and implement it in your product. You should also begin to regularly ask yourself, “What do I want to know? What data do I need to capture to know this? What analysis will I do with the data to give me an answer?”
Have you implemented analytics in your own products? Leave a comment adding to what we’ve discussed here. | <urn:uuid:2d836c6a-efed-4ea2-9b04-d929550313c3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blog.teamtreehouse.com/product-analytics-101 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00219-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944618 | 1,008 | 2.375 | 2 |
Posttraumatic Epilepsy Epidemiology
In general, the incidence of Posttraumatic Epilepsy varies with the time period after injury and population age range under study, as well as the spectrum of severity of the inciting injuries, and has been reported to be anywhere from 4 to 53% 1).
Generally posttraumatic epilepsy accounts for less than 10% of epilepsy 2).
In a cohort study, the incidence of self-reported PTE after TBI was found to be 2.8% and was independently associated with unfavorable outcomes 3).
In a large cohort of post-concussion patients Wennberg et al. found no increased incidence of epilepsy. For at least the first 5-10 years post-injury, concussion/mTBI should not be considered a significant risk factor for epilepsy. In patients with epilepsy and a past history of concussion, the epilepsy should not be presumed to be post-traumatic 4).
The Vietnam Head Injury Study (VHIS) is a prospective, longitudinal follow-up of 1,221 Vietnam War veterans with mostly penetrating head injuries (PHIs). The high prevalence (45%-53%) of posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) in this unique cohort makes it valuable for study.
A standardized multidisciplinary neurologic, cognitive, behavioral, and brain imaging evaluation was conducted on 199 VHIS veterans plus uninjured controls, some 30 to 35 years after injury, as part of phase 3 of this study.
The prevalence of seizures (87 patients, 43.7%) was similar to that found during phase 2 evaluations 20 years earlier, but 11 of 87 (12.6%) reported very late onset of PTE after phase 2 (more than 14 years after injury). Those patients were not different from patients with earlier-onset PTE in any of the measures studied. Within the phase 3 cohort, the most common seizure type last experienced was complex partial seizures (31.0%), with increasing frequency after injury. Of subjects with PTE, 88% were receiving anticonvulsants. Left parietal lobe lesions and retained ferric metal fragments were associated with PTE in a logistic regression model. Total brain volume loss predicted seizure frequency.
Patients with PHI carry a high risk of PTE decades after their injury, and so require long-term medical follow-up. Lesion location, lesion size, and lesion type were predictors of PTE 5).
A study was undertaken to determine the risk of developing posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) within 3 years after discharge among a population-based sample of older adolescents and adults hospitalized with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in South Carolina. It also identifies characteristics related to development of PTE within this population.
A stratified random sample of persons aged 15 and older with TBI was selected from the South Carolina nonfederal hospital discharge dataset for four consecutive years. Medical records of recruits were reviewed, and they participated in up to three yearly follow-up telephone interviews.
The cumulative incidence of PTE in the first 3 years after discharge, after adjusting for loss to follow-up, was 4.4 per 100 persons over 3 years for hospitalized mild TBI, 7.6 for moderate, and 13.6 for severe. Those with severe TBI, posttraumatic seizures prior to discharge, and a history of depression were most at risk for PTE. This higher risk group also included persons with three or more chronic medical conditions at discharge.
These results raise the possibility that although some of the characteristics related to development of PTE are nonmodifiable, other factors, such as depression, might be altered with intervention 6).
Using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database of reimbursement claims, Yeh et al. conducted a retrospective cohort study of 19 336 TBI patients and 540 322 non-TBI participants aged ≥15 years as reference group. Data on newly developed epilepsy after TBI with 5-8 years’ follow-up during 2000 to 2008 were collected. HRs and 95% CIs for the risk of epilepsy associated with TBI were analysed with multivariate Cox proportional hazards regressions.
Results: Compared with the non-TBI cohort, the adjusted HRs of developing epilepsy among TBI patients with skull fracture, severe or mild brain injury were 10.6 (95% CI 7.14 to 15.8), 5.05 (95% CI 4.40 to 5.79) and 3.02 (95% CI 2.42 to 3.77), respectively. During follow-up, men exhibited higher risks of post-TBI epilepsy. Patients who had mixed types of cerebral haemorrhage were at the highest risk of epilepsy compared with the non-TBI cohort (HR 7.83, 95% CI 4.69 to 13.0). The risk of post-TBI epilepsy was highest within the first year after TBI (HR 38.2, 95% CI 21.7 to 67.0).
Conclusions: The risk of epilepsy after TBI varied by patient gender, age, latent interval and complexity of TBI. Integrated care for early identification and treatment of post-trauma epilepsy were crucial for TBI patients 7)
Christensen et al. aimed to assess the risk of epilepsy up to 10 years or longer after traumatic brain injury, taking into account sex, age, severity, and family history.
Methods: We identified 1 605 216 people born in Denmark (1977-2002) from the Civil Registration System. We obtained information on traumatic brain injury and epilepsy from the National Hospital Register and estimated relative risks (RR) with Poisson analyses.
Findings: Risk of epilepsy was increased after a mild brain injury (RR 2.22, 95% CI 2.07-2.38), severe brain injury (7.40, 6.16-8.89), and skull fracture (2.17, 1.73-2.71). The risk was increased more than 10 years after mild brain injury (1.51, 1.24-1.85), severe brain injury (4.29, 2.04-9.00), and skull fracture (2.06, 1.37-3.11). RR increased with age at mild and severe injury and was especially high among people older than 15 years of age with mild (3.51, 2.90-4.26) and severe (12.24, 8.52-17.57) injury. The risk was slightly higher in women (2.49, 2.25-2.76) than in men (2.01, 1.83-2.22). Patients with a family history of epilepsy had a notably high risk of epilepsy after mild (5.75, 4.56-7.27) and severe brain injury (10.09, 4.20-24.26) 8).
A total of 647 individuals (>/=16 y) with any of the following abnormal computed tomography (CT) scan findings: extent of midline shift and/or cisternal compression or presence of any focal pathology (eg, punctate, subarachnoid, or intraventricular hemorrhage; cortical or subcortical contusion; extra-axial lesions) during the first 7 days postinjury or best Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of </=10 during the first 24 hours post-TBI. Subjects were enrolled from August 1993 through September 1997 and followed for up to 24 months, until death or their first late posttraumatic seizures.
Main outcome measures: Cumulative probability, relative risk, and survival analyses were used to stratify risks for development of late postttraumatic seizures on the basis of demographic factors, etiology of injury, initial GCS, early posttraumatic seizures, time post-TBI, types of intracerebral lesion by CT scan, and number and types of intracranial procedures.
Results: Sixty-six individuals had a late posttraumatic seizures; 337 had no late posttraumatic seizures during full 24-month follow-up; 167 had no late posttraumatic seizures during time followed (<24 mo); and 54 were placed on anticonvulsants without a late posttraumatic seizures, whereas 23 died before their first late posttraumatic seizures. The highest cumulative probability for late posttraumatic seizures included biparietal contusions (66%), dural penetration with bone and metal fragments (62.5%), multiple intracranial operations (36.5%), multiple subcortical contusions (33.4%), subdural hematoma with evacuation (27.8%), midline shift greater than 5mm (25.8%), or multiple or bilateral cortical contusions (25%). Initial GCS score was associated with the following cumulative probabilities for development of late posttraumatic seizures at 24 months: GCS score of 3 to 8, 16.8%; GCS score of 9 to 12, 24.3%; and GCS score of 13 to 15, 8.0%.
Conclusions: Stratification by CT scan findings and neurosurgical procedures performed were the most useful findings in defining individuals at highest risk for late posttraumatic seizures 9).
A cohort of 2747 patients with head injuries was followed for 28,176 person-years to determine the magnitude and duration of the risk of posttraumatic seizures. Injuries were classified as severe (brain contusion, intracerebral or intracranial hematoma, or 24 hours of eight unconsciousness of amnesia), moderate (skull fracture or 30 minutes to 24 hours of unconsciousness or amnesia), and mild (briefer unconsciousness or amnesia). The risk of posttraumatic seizures after severe injury was 7.1% within 1 year and 11.5% in 5 years, after moderate injury the risk was 0.7 and 1.6%, and after mild injury the risk was 0.1 and 0.6%. The incidence of seizures after mild head injuries was not significantly greater than in the general population 10)
The true incidence of PTE in children is still uncertain because most research has been based primarily on adults. | <urn:uuid:30567ebd-5001-495e-8c40-fbde2fd82f27> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://neurosurgery.directory/tag/posttraumatic/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.939592 | 2,071 | 2.390625 | 2 |
Lipids are organic compounds that can include substances, such as fats, waxes, phospholipids and steroids. Depending on the type of lipid formed, it can consist of different combinations of molecules including fatty acids, glycerol and phosphate group. Triglycerides, which are a type of fat, are made up of three fatty acids and one glycerol molecule, while phospholipids consist of two fatty acids, one glycerol molecule and a phosphate group.Continue Reading
Steroids are different in composition than either fats or phospholipids because this class of lipid consists of four connected carbon rings. Other chemical groupings can be attached to these rings, depending on the specific steroid being formed. Cholesterol and cortisol are two different types of steroids. Waxes are esters made up of a fatty acid and a long-chain alcohol.
Fatty acids are composed of a carboxyl group linked with a hydrocarbon chain that can be long. They consists of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Lipids are macromolecules that are insoluble in water.Learn more about Chemistry | <urn:uuid:c1122618-6759-4c3a-b529-ebcb749a1000> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.reference.com/science/lipids-formed-a1e159bd900d86d3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00555-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944023 | 229 | 4.15625 | 4 |
The Greenbelt Native Plant Center (GNPC), a facility of the New York City Department of Parks & Recreation, is a 13–acre greenhouse, nursery, and seed bank complex located on Staten Island, NY.
- GNPC Home
- Products and Services
- Projects In Partnership
- Education, Volunteers, and Interns
- Contact Us/Staff
In support of our mission, we maintain on average a stock of over 300,000 local trees, shrubs, vines, forbs, grasses, and ferns. Our facility currently has 17,000 square feet of benchtop production space in our six greenhouses and four acres of irrigated containerized nursery. We have twenty Founder Seed plots under cultivation and a temperature and humidity-controlled seed bank.
Greenbelt Native Plant Center has several program areas:
Our seeds and plants are from local genetic source material that is best adapted to our conditions to ensure long-term sustainability. We use seed collecting techniques that capture the maximum genetic diversity of each plant population. This diversity is reflected in our stock, which will typically exhibit a range of phenotypic variation.
Recognizing the need for locally-sourced bulk seed for land restoration and reclamation projects, we have recently begun our Founder Seed Program, which will ultimately provide products from NYC local genetic sources. Seed quantities to meet large-scale needs will take 3 to 5 years to develop. For small projects, we invite you to discuss custom seed mixes with us.
Our Seed Bank, which meets international seed banking standards for short to mid–term storage, is available to provide other local public, non–governmental, and community organizations with proper seed storage from their local populations. We currently have over 600 local species banked. | <urn:uuid:6a732860-7256-4cc6-a510-16d7f60f22c0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.nycgovparks.org/greening/greenbelt-native-plant-center/programs | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00007-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938641 | 355 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Los Angeles Times
Did Trojans Use Trojans?: A Trip Inside the Corner Drugstoreby Vince Staten
Continuing his delightful tour of cherished American institutions, the writer who explored grocery stores in Can You Trust a Tomato in January? and hardware emporiums in Did Monkeys Invent the Monkey Wrench? now takes readers down the aisles of the corner drugstore, the heart of small-town America. Staten re-creates the glorious arrays of salves, patent medicines, and mysterious lotions packed on drugstore shelves, bringing to life the trusted pharmacist who explained it all. His charming anecdotes will stir up a host of memories: The dating rituals conducted at the soda fountain; those life-changing decisions about hair coloring; and perhaps those whispered requests for condoms.
Los Angeles Times
Chicago Sun Times
- Simon & Schuster
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- 5.50(w) x 8.44(h) x 0.53(d)
Read an Excerpt
There we are on page 97 of my high school yearbook: Cynthia Perry and Dale Hickam, Jean Rogers and Danny Pomeroy, Steve Lambert and Mary McAlpine, and my elbow, just creeping into the frame. We were posing for the yearbook photographer at the local teen hangout, the soda fountain of Armour's Drugs. Armour's was just two blocks from school. An easy walk, except that no one walked. We drove. We were seniors.
Armour's Drugs was the place to see and be seen, to nurse a cherry Coke for an hour while you kept your eye on the front door, hoping that SHE -- whoever she was this week -- would stroll in. And also hoping that SHE wouldn't be with some other boy. And maybe she would sit down next to you and you could call out to Mabel to get you another straw and you two could sit there, sharing a cherry Coke, like a picture out of The Saturday Evening Post.
Maybe that's why I got cut out of the picture that long-ago day. I wasn't with someone; I was watching for HER.
That was the drugstore of my youth. A social center for teenagers, and a community center for adults. While we sat around posing for that photo perhaps a dozen moms came in, some to pick up prescriptions, others to pick up what are today grocery items: toothpaste, shampoo, aspirin. They would stop and talk with old Doc Armour, because he was the master of ceremonies of the drugstore. He did more than dispense drugs from his perch in the back of the store. He also dispensed gossip and advice. He knew it all -- who was sick, who was well, who was in the hospital, who was back at home. There was always a new patent medicine to cure the common cold, a new ointment for backaches and a new powder for itches.Maybe he was practicing medicine without a license, but that's what family pharmacists did in the sixties.
Drugs were Doc Armour's main business. That was, after all, his middle name: Armour's Drug Store. Back then, no one just ran into the drugstore, grabbed up their stuff and ran right out. The drugstore was a place to linger, to catch up.
Even eat. I had many a drugstore lunch in my youth. When my mother and I would "go to town" (a weekly event, even though we only lived five hundred feet outside the city limits), we'd always have lunch at Freel's Drug, home of the best grilled cheese sandwich in America.
The drugstore was the cracker barrel of the city.
Armour's Drugs was the place where my crowd congregated after school. But by the time we got around to posing for the yearbook photo, Armour's was on its way out as the place to see and be seen. Heck, it closed at six o'clock.
There was this new place up the road, right across the street from my father's hardware store, as a matter of fact, and this new place stayed open well into the night. There was no counter and no booths and no place to sit except on the hood of your car, but by 1965 McDonald's was well on its way to supplanting the corner drug as the gathering spot of our culture.
No name says "small town" like Corner Drug. No name evokes memories of soda fountains and Saturday afternoons like Corner Drug.
Corner Drug is where Grandma met Grandpa, where Mom bought her first home permanent and Dad his first rubber (that's condom, to you kids). It was once a staple of every downtown, the place where mothers met in the morning to gossip, where businessmen lunched and cut deals, where teenagers crowded in after school for a soda and a smile.
My godmother, who got married in 1934, celebrated with a wedding dinner at the soda fountain of Bunting's Drugs in Bristol, Virginia. "We got three hot dogs for a dime. He ate two and I ate one."
But downtown corners have lost their luster, replaced by malls, and Corner Drug stores have been snapped up by Rite-Aid and Revco, who may give the old Corner Drugs a big-time name, but they rob the places of their identities.
There are only seventy-one drugstores named Corner Drug remaining, according to my search of business phone directory listings. There's no way of knowing how many there once were, but every town had one.
A few of the remaining Corner Drugs have moved away from the corner to a strip center, retaining their old name if not their old location. But most have held on to that coveted downtown corner, even as downtown has changed. As the owner of Corner Drugs in Llano, Texas, put it, "We've been here forever."
I surveyed the surviving members of the Corner Drug fraternity to find out how they've changed and how they've remained the same.
Of the seventy-one drug stores named Corner Drug, fifty-one agreed to answer a few questions. (Isn't it good to know that fully 28 percent of all Corner Drug store owners are suspicious of someone who calls on the phone claiming to be writing a book about drugstores?)
Changing times and changing fashions have hurt the soda fountain business. In 1948, 60 percent of America's drugstores had working soda fountains, according to that year's edition of Remington's Practice of Pharmacy. Only 20 percent of today's Corner Drugs -- ten stores -- have soda fountains. And only four of those ten serve lunch. One serves ice cream only; the others offer fountain service. In a nod to modern times, two other Corner Drug stores have coffee bars. Photo finishing, a drugstore staple for a century, has fared better: 70 percent of Corner Drugs still offer that old drug store standby.
The day of the family-owned pharmacy isn't over either. But the big corporations have made an attempt to corner the Corner Drug market -- they now own 40 percent of the drugstores I surveyed.
How old are Corner Drugs? They are as old as God and as new as Zantac 75. Corner Drug in Sigourney, Iowa, was founded in 1875, the year before Rutherford B. Hayes was voted into office. (The state was only twenty-nine years old at the time.) One encouraging sign about the future of Corner Drugs is that they are still being built in the nineties. Corner Drug of Buffalo, Missouri, opened in 1991, and the Corner Drug Store at 451 Third Avenue in New York City opened in 1992. The average age of these Corner Drugs is sixty-seven (founded in 1930). If you're into math, the median age is sixty-nine.
Most Corner Drug stores are legitimate corner drugstores, located on the corner of two intersecting streets in the downtown area. But one -- Corner Drug of Durant, Oklahoma -- is located "in" a corner. Three used to be on corners, but have moved. Corner Drug in Lake City, Tennessee, used to be on the corner, but other businesses in the east Tennessee town have built up around it and now it is in the middle of the block.
Corner Drug of Cattaraugus, New York, is on a dangerous corner by a steep hill, and the store has been hit by cars several times. One druggist -- that guy at Corner Drug in Llano, Texas -- felt compelled to tell us that his store had only been on a corner for ninety-nine years. It didn't move to the corner until 1898, five years after the store's founding. The Corner Drug in Driggs, Idaho, gets our nod as best source for one-stop shopping: It's called Corner Drug & Hardware.
Whether the store is an old-timer or a newborn, the folks at Corner Drug have some stories to tell. That's because in most places the local pharmacist is much more approachable than the doctor. He'll even pick up the phone.
At Corner Drug in Columbus, Texas, they still laugh about the woman who thought "free delivery" meant that she didn't have to pay when they delivered it to her house.
A woman called Corner Drug in Lander, Wyoming, panicked that her children had cooked her birth control pills in the toaster. She said they were a little brown and wondered if they were still good. (They were.)
The ladies at Corner Drug in Bethany, Missouri, were taken aback the day an old guy forgot he was in public and dropped his pants right there in the store so he could tuck in his shirt.
It's been thirty years, but they still chuckle about the lady who called Corner Drug Store in Blacksburg, Virginia, to inform the pharmacist that she had taken her medicine and chased it with wine, apparently making it explode in her stomach, causing smoke to come out of her mouth. She was not hurt, she explained, but she just wanted them to know.
Corner Drug Store in Glenwood, Minnesota, is in Garrison Keillor country, so they should have known better when the Norwegian fellow asked for a "urinal." They finally figured out what he was saying -- he wanted a "Journal," a Milwaukee Journal. Pharmacists at that store still go the extra mile. One night, the pharmacist got a panicked call at home from a man with a screaming baby in the background. He drove ten miles on his snowmobile in a BLIZZARD only to find that the guy who called just wanted to buy a pacifier.
There was a shoot-out in 1932 in the Corner Drug Store of Madill, Oklahoma. The sheriff and a deputy shot and killed each other. Folks there today like to note that both men were "peace" officers.
A robbery at Corner Drug Store in Carlsbad, New Mexico, in 1995 turned comical when the pharmacist, who had just been held up, ran out of the front of the store to see which way the robber was headed. He saw the thief pedaling down the street on a bicycle. The pharmacist jumped in his car and chased the guy while calling the police on his cellular phone. The robber was soon apprehended.
The regulars at Corner Drug Store in Seal Beach, California, were worried about the impending arrival of the comet Kahoutek back in the seventies, so when the store's front window suddenly shattered on the day the comet was to pass by, everyone was petrified. It turned out that it was an old lady who thought her car was in reverse and crashed into the store.
Every pharmacist, it seems, has a story about an ignorant customer. At the Corner Drug Store in Bridgeton, Missouri, they have two such stories. In one, a lady calls to complain that her child's medication is making his ear red. It turns out that the prescription was for an oral liquid and she was pouring it directly into the kid's infected ear. In the other story someone calls the pharmacy complaining that his suppository is a little "rough" going in. The pharmacist asks, "Did you remove the foil?" to which the customer replies, "You're supposed to remove the foil?"
My favorite Corner Drug story was told to me by a Mississippi druggist. It seems the ballplayer Dizzy Dean was a regular at his store. On this particular steamy south Mississippi day, Ol' Diz limped in and asked the clerk for jock itch powder. "Sir, could you walk this way?" the clerk asked, leading him to the proper aisle, to which Diz replied, "If I could walk that way, I wouldn't need the powder."
The Corner Drug Store in Pickens, South Carolina, claims to be America's only haunted drugstore. Numerous times, people in the back bathroom have heard someone walk by with heavy shoes, but when they check, no one is there. The owner thinks the ghost may have come from an old house that was there before the drugstore. He has checked pipes and other possible sources of the noise and found no other causes. So he has come to accept that it's a ghost. Maybe it's the ghost of Miss Ellie, the friendly pharmacist of The Andy Griffith Show. Pickens is down there not far from Mayberry territory.
One of the most amazing corner drugstore stories comes from F. E. Robinson's Drug Store in Dayton, Tennessee. It was a gorgeous spring day in 1925 -- the dogwoods were in bloom and the robins were in song -- when a few of the regulars gathered by the soda fountain at Robinson's. It was the usual chatter: a little politics, a little gossip, a little hashing over the dispatches in the newspaper. One of the regulars was George Rappelyea, who did as much hanging out as he did working, due to his depleted economic situation. He was in the process of closing down his father-in-law's bankrupt coal mine.
One dispatch in the Chattanooga Daily Times caught Rappelyea's eye. The Tennessee state legislature had passed a law, the Butler Act, that forbade the teaching of evolution in the public schools. The American Civil Liberties Union was appalled at this new challenge to academic freedom, and a spokesperson from the New York office told the Daily Times that it was ready to fund a challenge to the law. That piqued Rappelyea's interest. A big trial like that might just be what sleepy little Dayton needed. Think of all the attention the town would get, all the folks who would crowd in.
Rappelyea mentioned his idea to his Coke-swigging buddies Walter White, the superintendent of Rhea County Schools, and Sue Hicks, a gentleman lawyer with an unlikely first name. Druggist Frank Robinson, who was also the town's leading textbook merchant, wandered over and offered his support of the idea. Hicks was interested. Only White, who would bear the brunt of any courtroom action, was hesitant. Rappelyea turned it into a bet: "As it is, the law is not enforced. If you win, it will be enforced. If I win, the law will be repealed." White couldn't resist a sporting proposition. And so the most famous trial of the twentieth century (ask your history professor) was born: The Scopes monkey trial didn't begin in a classroom. It began in a drugstore.
Only after Rappelyea and his soda fountain buddies had settled on a plan did they find a victim -- John Thomas Scopes, a twenty-four-year-old football coach and science teacher. In all likelihood Scopes never taught a sentence of evolutionary theory to Dayton High School students. He taught biology for only two weeks, filling in for the ailing regular teacher. When questioned that day in May 1925, he wasn't sure what he had covered in his ten days of teaching biology: "We reviewed for final exams, as best I remember." But his name is in the history books, and the name F. E. Robinson's Drug Store should be there alongside it.
The Scopes monkey trial isn't the only thing to have started in a drugstore over the years; there's also Lana Turner's career, more than a few romances, and even this book.
Let's take a look at Simon's Prospect Apothecary in Prospect, Kentucky. My drugstore.
Last time I was in, pharmacist Alan Simon was doling pills into a prescription bottle without looking at the prescription, without looking at the big bottle of pills he got off the shelf and only glancing at the measuring slate or the pill bottle with the little safety cap that he was filling. He was talking the entire time about a court battle our city has been waging against a developer who wants to build a giant shopping center with a super grocery store, five restaurants and assorted other modern franchise marvels. Prospect won the latest round in what is now an eight-year battle. "Oh, he'll appeal," Simon said nonchalantly. "And he'll probably win the next round. Circuit court has never been friendly to us."
You'd think Simon was the mayor of Prospect if you just stood around listening. He isn't, but he might as well be. There isn't anything that happens in town that he doesn't know about: the break-in at the restaurant, the fatality on the bypass, or even the Charles Manson look-alike who has been wandering the streets of town for the last two days. "He's harmless. I admit, he'd spook me if I was out alone at night. But he's a friendly fellow, some LSD burnout from up in Michigan who somehow hitchhiked his way south and landed here. They'll probably put him on the bus home tomorrow."
By all rights, Simon's Apothecary should have gone under years ago. It sits in the shadow of a giant Rite-Aid chain drugstore that stays open twenty-four hours. Where Rite-Aid stocks eighty-seven varieties of painkillers, from Doan's Pills to Stanback Pain Relief Powders to the standard garden varieties of Tylenol, Bayer, Advil and Anacin, Simon's carries a few bottles of Tylenol and a few bottles of Bayer. That's bottles, not varieties.
Simon doesn't sell choice. He doesn't compete on price or selection. He sells service and himself.
He's the town druggist and Simon's Apothecary is the corner drugstore, even if it's not on a corner. Folks in Prospect couldn't even tell you the name of the druggist at Rite-Aid. "It's some college kid they hired right off the graduation platform," jokes Simon. "He'll be here ten months and then off to seek his fortune. 'Cause it's for sure he's not going to get it from Rite-Aid."
Pills and politics are serious business for Simon. It's more than Prospect that's fighting the developer. Simon himself has been slapped with a so-called SLAP suit -- Slander and Libel Against Plaintiff -- charging that he has violated the developer's civil rights. "I had to hire a lawyer, but my insurance will cover it. It's just intimidation. He doesn't like the idea of some guy in a corner drug telling people what he's trying to do."
But much as I like Alan and much as I like sitting in his store soaking it all in, it's not a daily stop on my agenda. Drugstores just aren't the integral part of our lives they once were. Oh, they are still important places. The average family visits the drugstore sixteen times a year, more than once a month. That pales next to the grocery store, where Americans shop eighty-six times a year, but it's not far behind mass merchants. The average American visits the Wal-Mart or one of its competitors more than twenty-eight times a year.
The prime customers at drugstores, as you might suspect, are older folks. Retirees generate 39.5 percent of a drugstore's business.
Drugstores' main competitors are the supermarkets and the discount stores, and in many areas, the drugstores have lost out. But they are still the market of choice for twenty-nine major items, including cosmetics, cold and sinus tablets, hair coloring, hand and body lotion, laxatives, suntan products, nasal spray and contraceptives.
The number-one product in the drugstore is...drum roll...Tylenol, with $329.4 million in drugstore sales in 1995. Revlon cosmetics are second with $254.8 million. Third place goes to Cover Girl cosmetics with $193.7 million. Maybelline cosmetics rank fourth with $175.1 million in sales.
I've been fascinated by drugstores since my elbow made it into the high school yearbook. That's what this book is about: The drugstore in all its many incarnations, pharmacy and apothecary, drugstore and general store, prescription center and community center, soda fountain and social hub. It's a book about what's inside the corner drug, from the products to the people.
And it's about that time when the drugstore was the most important store in town. Because for many towns, it still is.
At the turn of the century, the old general store used to advertise that it could take care of you from "cradle to grave." They sold cradles and they sold caskets. By the time of my youth, the 1950s and '60s, general stores were gone. Drugstores had taken over many of their functions. And if the drugstore couldn't actually do the cradle-to-grave bit (I've never seen a casket in a drugstore, and I'm sure it would frighten off a goodly portion of the clientele), the drugstore could handle all your needs from head to toe. Aspirin for the headache, powder for foot itch; Pepto-Bismol for an upset stomach, a soda fountain burger for an empty one.
And that's how this book is organized, to take you through the drugstore, to examine all the products you use from head to toe. The drugstore even has something for that elbow of mine. But first let's take a look at the history of the drugstore.
Copyright © 1998 by Vince Staten
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immune systems and lumpnodes
Apr 2, 2010
240 cd4 count can my immune go up without starting treatment pain ful lump nodes,head ache, feeling tired sleepless nights my doctor advice me to take centrum please advise on my health
Response from Dr. Henry
Centrum may help a bit but starting HIV medication is recommended for HIV+ persons with CD4 count of 240. In most situations patients are unlikely to experience much significant improvement without starting HIV meds. KH
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Tres Hombres- slow cargo but sustainable, an early success
by Gercine Carter/Sail-World Cruising on 26 Jan 2013
Slow food, why not slow cargo? Can sustainable sail-powered transport ever hope to compete with ships? The Tres Hombres, a 32metre brigantine originally built as a fishing cutter which we have been reporting on for a couple of years, is still sailing between Europe and America carrying cargo successfully - and looking for trainees.
Tres Hombres .. .
Mott Green and a couple of friends started their Grenada Chocolate Company in 1998 and have been transporting their chocolate to the markets with the Tres Hombres ever since.
For the previous couple of years, he’d already been transporting chocolate, stored in a small waterproof box and loaded onto his 13-foot catamaran, across 18 miles of open, rough seas to the nearby island of Carriacou, but in 2012, he decided to go to the next level; now it was time to go the distance.
'My dream of sailing chocolate bars across the Atlantic Ocean using wind power only—the first sustainable delivery of chocolate bars across the ocean—came true with no scary moments.'
In May 2012, the Grenada Chocolate Company had loaded 26,000 chocolate bars into the hull of Tres Hombres and set off for a two-month voyage to London, and then on to Amsterdam. The sailing delivery is part of an emerging slow-cargo movement, a natural next step for fair-trade companies that want to bring products to distant markets but care about the ecological impact of transport.
Most of the bars were destined for the United Kingdom, but 3,000 bars went to the Dutch distributor, who organized a bicycle caravan to carry the chocolate bars the final 60 miles of the journey, from Amsterdam’s Maritime Museum, where the ship was docked, to the Dutch storage warehouse.
Right now, the quaint sailing vessel is in Barbados, causing passersby to ask many questions and take photographs.
The marriage between the Chocolate Company and the Dutch-owned Fairtransport company has been a fortuitous one.
Captain Arjen Vander Veen, 38, tells the story: 'We [he and his partners Jorne Langelaan and Andreas Lackner] found Tres Hombres abandoned in Holland in 2007 and we fell in love with her. Then, we built her up between 2007 and 2009 and since then she has been in the trade.'
Eight months of the year they transport cargo. This is their fourth Atlantic round trip, and Arjen is at the helm as captain for three months of the year.
The 32-metre-long ship with steel frames and wooden hull is propelled by pure sailing masts with a mast height of 24 metres. Three hundred and sixty square metres of sail make up about 20 sails when all sails are set.
They are proud of their chosen figurehead Serena, a woodcut figure standing out on the bow of the ship, 'the mermaid who lures sailors ashore'.
On this trip, there are 15 people on board 'from all wind directions' – Ireland, France, Germany, Austria, Holland, Canada – a 'nice international crew', as Arjen described them. The oldest is 67 and the youngest is 17-year-old Joel Martez, originally from Bonaire.
Joel was raised in Holland and Arjen explained: 'We have him on board as a youth-at-risk. We try to teach him manners and the trade. As a trainee, he has gone on board ‘through the hawsepipes’, the old saying for starting at the lowest ranks, and now after four months on board, he has settled into the routine with enthusiasm.'
The 15 on this trip comprise seven crew and eight passengers. Some people have paid for the experience and learning and they get sea time for the captain’s ticket qualification in return.
Trainees who want to join the Tres Hombres simply need 'good health and the right mentality'. They are advised that 'signing on means working hard and little or no privacy in exchange for a unique experience and adventure'.
'It is certainly a once in a lifetime experience for a person who wants to clear his brain and do a sabbatical on a ship,' Arjen said.
The current trainees have already had their share of adventure – the rescue of a 71-year-old yachtsman in the middle of the Atlantic.
Tres Hombres left Holland last October 10, and halfway across to the Caribbean, the ship received a call from the Coast Guard of Martinique advising there was a German yacht having trouble with its rudder. They were told theirs was the only ship in the vicinity that could help.
Arjen said they found the distressed yacht after 100 miles of changing course.
'We found the very small boat in the middle of the sea in two metres of waves. It was very hard to get to him. We threw him a tow line but he was so far gone he did not even know what to do with it.
'The poor man was 71 years old, skin over bone and he was not so strong anymore.'
He had been on a circumnavigation voyage, and when found, had been three weeks at sea alone, without a rudder.
Tres Hombres put two crew members on the yacht to attach the tow line and towed the yacht 900 miles over seven days to St Lucia.
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Date: 1897 ca.
Description: View from across road of Chadbourne Hall, a women's dormitory, on the University of Wisconsin-Madison campus.
Date: 1878 ca.
Description: View down Rock River towards a covered bridge near another bridge, with factories and the city in the background.
Description: Jose and Esther Bigalk sit with Emma Gercke outdoors during the summer months with bows in their hair. One girl sits in a wash basin and the others sit bes...
Description: Company D, Twenty-first Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry. Top row (left to right): John Buboltz, Spencer Orlup, J. Henry Otto, Lyman C. Wait, Andrew Jackson, W...
Date: 1893 ca.
Description: Elevated view of dozens of cattle milling outside the barn at the Wisconsin Industrial School for Boys. Several other school buildings are visible in the b...
Description: The family of Joseph Zettel sits under a flowering apple tree. The family grows the Duchess of Oldenburg apple variety in their orchard three miles north o...
Date: 1895-09-28 ca.
Description: Five-acre cabbage field of Martin Anderson near Grantsburg, with several frame houses in the background. Mr. Anderson is holding a prize-winning head of ca...
Date: 1874 after
Description: Stereoview of Broadway in Milwaukee. Home has many peaks on the roof, and the drive to the entrance is on the right.
Date: 1875 ca.
Description: A large group of children are seated at a long table loaded with desserts. The boys sit on the left and girls on the right. Many are clutching what appear...
Date: 1870 ca.
Description: A family stands on the porch of small frame house with wing additions. A well is on the far left with farm buildings in the background.
Date: 1868 ca.
Description: Stereograph of Madison City Hall at the corner of Mifflin Street and Wisconsin Avenue, as viewed through the trees of the Capitol Park. The three-story tal...
Date: 1898 ca.
Description: Camp Randall, with the old stadium in the foreground and the Wisconsin State Capitol in the background.
Description: Side porte-cochere of a residence.
Date: 1877 ca.
Description: Some men and a woman stand before the lower deck of a suspension bridge (train uses upper deck). In view are two booths (for tolls or customs or rail ticke...
Date: 1887 ca.
Description: Members of the Wisconsin National Guard lined up at Camp Douglas.
Description: A man seated on a low boat floats down the Ohio River.
Date: 1890 ca.
Description: View across road towards the house where General Reynolds' body was taken after he was killed on the first day of the Battle of Gettysburg.
Description: Elevated view of the Northern Hospital for the Insane and its front grounds.
Date: 1885 ca.
Description: View from shoreline of the sternwheel steamer "E. Rutledge", owned by Weyerhauser & Denkmann's Rock Island Lumber Company, picking up a raft of logs at Bee...
Description: A field of potato plants, with a forest in the background. A man is leaning against a basswood or linden tree that stands approximately eighty-five feet ta...
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© 1996-2017 Wisconsin Historical Society, 816 State Street, Madison, WI 53706 | <urn:uuid:97353094-7f68-4567-bbca-0768b5c81fc5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/Content.aspx?dsNav=Ro:140,N:1135-4294963829-4294955386-251&dsNavOnly=N:1135-4294963829&subject_narrow=Men | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00538-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.91011 | 884 | 1.609375 | 2 |
easy introduction to perl
publiustemp-londonpm at yahoo.com
Fri Oct 5 08:42:12 BST 2007
--- Ash Berlin <ash_cpan at firemirror.com> wrote:
> Lyle - CosmicPerl.com wrote:
> > Maybe CGI and outputting to a browser??? but it depends on what
> > will be using it for...
> Does anyone really do that anymore? How very 1997...
People do it constantly and learning the basics of CGI is an easy
introduction to the world of Web programming.
Buy the book - http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlhks/
Perl and CGI - http://users.easystreet.com/ovid/cgi_course/
Personal blog - http://publius-ovidius.livejournal.com/
Tech blog - http://use.perl.org/~Ovid/journal/
More information about the london.pm | <urn:uuid:9a48e697-ed38-4d8e-81a8-a52bef6ac11b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://london.pm.org/pipermail/london.pm/Week-of-Mon-20071001/010202.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00509-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.763655 | 213 | 1.976563 | 2 |
1. The compass point that is one point east (clockwise) of due north.
4. (Greek mythology) Goddess of the earth and mother of Cronus and the Titans in ancient mythology.
8. X-ray picture of the kidneys and ureters after injection of a radiopaque dye.
11. A unit of surface area equal to 100 square meters.
12. Large sweet juicy hybrid between tangerine and grapefruit having a thick wrinkled skin.
13. Liquid excretory product.
14. Chiefly tropical trees and shrubs and vines usually having a tall columnar trunk bearing a crown of very large leaves.
16. A public promotion of some product or service.
17. Constituting or having to do with or suggestive of a literary epic.
21. Title for a civil or military leader (especially in Turkey).
22. (Old Testament) The second patriarch.
24. System of measurement based on centimeters and grams and seconds.
25. The elementary stages of any subject (usually plural).
28. A gradual decline (in size or strength or power or number).
29. The basic unit of money in Bangladesh.
33. (Babylonian) God of storms and wind.
38. A member of a Mayan people of southwestern Guatemala.
41. A religious belief of African origin involving witchcraft and sorcery.
42. A defensive missile designed to shoot down incoming intercontinental ballistic missiles.
43. A genus of Mustelidae.
44. The most common computer memory which can be used by programs to perform necessary tasks while the computer is on.
45. 10 hao equal 1 dong.
46. Broken husks of the seeds of cereal grains that are separated from the flour by sifting.
47. A loose sleeveless outer garment made from aba cloth.
1. Plant with an elongated head of broad stalked leaves resembling celery.
2. A small nail.
3. The fatty flesh of eel.
4. Hard greenish-brown wood of the lignum vitae tree and other trees of the genus Guaiacum.
5. How long something has existed.
6. Angular distance above the horizon (especially of a celestial object).
7. The branch of computer science that deal with writing computer programs that can solve problems creatively.
8. A medicinal drug used to evoke vomiting (especially in cases of drug overdose or poisoning).
9. Any of the Hindu sacred writing.
10. A deep prolonged sound (as of thunder or large bells).
15. Above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent.
18. Large burrowing rodent of South and Central America.
19. An enclosed space.
20. Covered or protected with or as if with a case.
23. A metallic element having four allotropic forms.
26. The blood group whose red cells carry both the A and B antigens.
27. An infection of the sebaceous gland of the eyelid.
30. 100 agorot equal 1 shekel.
31. Cubes of meat marinated and cooked on a skewer usually with vegetables.
32. (Jungian psychology) The inner self (not the external persona) that is in touch with the unconscious.
34. A Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad.
35. Projectiles to be fired from a gun.
36. Long green edible beaked pods of the okra plant.
37. A city of central China.
39. God of the earth.
40. Relating to or characteristic of or occurring in the air. | <urn:uuid:997754c9-509a-427b-afce-2154d5c681ac> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.crosswordpuzzlegames.com/puzzles/gt_432.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719465.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00095-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.865725 | 766 | 2.90625 | 3 |
State education officials say Massachusetts students who take the national college admissions ACT test score better than their national counterparts.
Officials announced Wednesday that scores from the 2012 test show Massachusetts students outperforming the national average by three points.
Out of a possible 36 points, Massachusetts students received an average composite score of 24.1, compared to the national average score of 21.1.
Nearly a quarter of Massachusetts private and public high school students took the test in 2012. Education officials said the number of students taking the test in the state has grown over the past four years.
Gov. Deval Patrick said the test results reaffirm the "great things our students and educators can achieve." He said his administration will continue working to improve college readiness in the state.
Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. | <urn:uuid:d7fce22f-d366-45b9-9b83-aa4701e1d494> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://wamc.org/post/mass-students-fare-better-act-tests | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00033-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946308 | 162 | 1.515625 | 2 |
35 Participating Restaurants for March of Dimes Coffee Day in 1958; Avalong, Paddock, Bury’s/Playland Steps
Arsenal Road, The Paddock on Market, Stony Brook Slate and Brick Company
Of the 35 participating restaurants for March of Dimes Coffee Day in 1958, few continue to exist in York County. The Paddock Restaurant at 3406 East Market Street is one of the surviving restaurants that still flourish today as The Paddock on Market.
While browsing the Newspaper Microfilms of the York County Heritage Trust, I discovered an ad in the January 31st, 1958 issue of The Gazette and Daily. It listed 35 participating restaurants for March of Dimes Coffee Day in 1958. Three in the list immediately attracted my attention as I scanned the list.
The address for Avalong Dairy was listed as Arsenal & Mt. Zion Road. Some time ago, a reader commented to my post A Road Named N.O.P., Arsenal and Whiteford; Part 1 – Avalong. That post contained a 1957 yearbook ad with Avalong’s address at Corner Arsenal and Mt. Zion Roads. The reader suggested a simple explanation; the students working on the yearbook got the address wrong, because he was positive Arsenal Road never extended to Mt. Zion Road. This new find, in The Gazette and Daily ad from 1958, substantiates the information in the prior post; where I discovered, during the late 1950s, a move was under foot for the Arsenal Road name to extend all the way to Mt. Zion Road.
The Paddock Restaurant was established in 1947. Sixty-seven years at the same location on Market Street in Springettsbury Township. That is quite a track record; they must be doing something right.
The Paddock was recently extensively renovated, however the core of the building goes back to the early 1900s. John Hauser built this house using brick from the local Stony Brook Slate and Brick Company. I wrote several posts on the Narrow Gauge Railway along Stonewood Road in Springettsbury Township, which connected the slate/brick quarry to the Stony Brook Slate & Brick Company. The brick making part of the business existed from 1904 to 1915.
A booklet produced by Springettsbury Township for their Centennial, 1891-1991; Our First 100 Years of Progress in the County of York, PA., contains these notes on Page 118:
Stony Brook Slate and Brick Company went out of business, but not before some Stony Brook area buildings were built by their bricks. Marino’s Pizzeria (original residence built by Winfield Hauser); The Paddock Restaurant (built by John Hauser); Stony Brook Mennonite Church; The Carriage House on the former Dr. Crandall’s Health School property; and numerous homes in Hellam as well.
Directly above the Paddock entry, in the ad of 35 restaurants, is Bury’s (Dick Zeigler) at 2710 E. Market Street. That Bury’s was located at the southeast corner of East Market Street and Northern Way; next to the Playland Complex. Wendy’s and the Cloister Car Wash are now located on that corner. Bury’s was where our family ate, the evening of the day our family moved from York Township to Springettsbury Township in January 1958. On the east side of Wendy’s, the concrete steps, which existed between Bury’s and the Playland Complex, are the only remaining reminder of these two great places from my youth.
Related posts include:
- A Road Named N.O.P., Arsenal and Whiteford; Part 1 – Avalong
- Bury’s in Springettsbury Township was not just Hamburgers
- 75 Years Ago, Joe Bury sells Four and a Half TONS of Hamburgers at the York Fair
- The Sauer Kraut Clue
- Lilian Roye international horsewoman in Springettsbury
- Narrow Gauge Railway Along Stonewood Road in Springettsbury Township to the Stony Brook Slate & Brick Company
Continue reading for the whole list of 35 Participating Restaurants for March of Dimes Coffee Day in 1958. If you have memories of any of these restaurants, like my memories and historical details, please comment. | <urn:uuid:0252b67d-04b0-4c06-876e-fd8123176403> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://yorkblog.com/yorkspast/35-participating-restaurants-for-march-of-dimes-coffee-day-in-1958-avalong-paddock-burysplayland-steps/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.944297 | 889 | 1.539063 | 2 |
As a result of China ‘one-child’ policy, it is likely to happen in China population of more men than women. Discuss its social economic impacts of uneven population distribution in a society.
Who is Michai Viravaidya? How does his policy work to slow the population growth in Thailand?
Who is Muhammad Yunus? What is his contributions to fight the poor? How does the microloans work?
According to textbook, reducing poverty will help solve global population issue (page 46), do you agree? Provide your argument with facts and evidences not just the opinion,
According to the textbook, economic development will help solve global population issues (page 44). Do you agree? Provide your argument with evidences not just the opinion.
Should everyone have the right to have as many children as they want? Explain. Would you support this right even if it degrades the earth’s life support systems and makes it harder for future generations to live comfortably? Explain. | <urn:uuid:ca2137ca-055c-49e4-8a02-308be8159240> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blog.uwgb.edu/env102/category/chapter-2-population/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00098-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.929706 | 203 | 3 | 3 |
The cochlea uses two types of mechanosensory cell to detect sounds. A single row of inner hair cells (IHCs) synapse onto neurons to transmit sensory information to the brain, and three rows of outer hair cells (OHCs) selectively amplify auditory inputs1. So far, two transcription factors have been implicated in the specific differentiation of OHCs, whereas, to our knowledge, none has been identified in the differentiation of IHCs2–4. One such transcription factor for OHCs, INSM1, acts during a crucial embryonic period to consolidate the OHC fate, preventing OHCs from transdifferentiating into IHCs2. In the absence of INSM1, embryonic OHCs misexpress a core set of IHC-specific genes, which we predict are involved in IHC differentiation. Here we find that one of these genes, Tbx2, is a master regulator of IHC versus OHC differentiation in mice. Ablation of Tbx2 in embryonic IHCs results in their development as OHCs, expressing early OHC markers such as Insm1 and eventually becoming completely mature OHCs in the position of IHCs. Furthermore, Tbx2 is epistatic to Insm1: in the absence of both genes, cochleae generate only OHCs, which suggests that TBX2 is necessary for the abnormal transdifferentiation of INSM1-deficient OHCs into IHCs, as well as for normal IHC differentiation. Ablation of Tbx2 in postnatal, largely differentiated IHCs makes them transdifferentiate directly into OHCs, replacing IHC features with those of mature and not embryonic OHCs. Finally, ectopic expression of Tbx2 in OHCs results in their transdifferentiation into IHCs. Hence, Tbx2 is both necessary and sufficient to make IHCs distinct from OHCs and maintain this difference throughout development.
ASJC Scopus subject areas | <urn:uuid:4c47c47f-1d6c-44ab-9e90-31ee4b67a848> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.scholars.northwestern.edu/en/publications/tbx2-is-a-master-regulator-of-inner-versus-outer-hair-cell-differ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.935388 | 425 | 1.9375 | 2 |
- Vermont's Agency of Natural Resources (ANR) is asking the state legislature to amend a law requiring that service providers offer organics collection to every resident by 2020. Instead, ANR proposes raising the threshold to multi-family buildings with four or more units and maintaining a blanket commercial requirement.
- This requirement was previously set to take effect in July 2018 but was pushed back to July 2020 last year. Based on a survey, ANR found the majority of service providers prefer this change due to collection inefficiencies inherent in the state's rural nature.
- ANR's request came in a biennial report to the state House and Senate's environmental committees. VTDigger reports legislators had mixed reactions to the request (with one calling it "premature") but remain open to consideration.
Multiple companies, including locally-based Casella Waste Systems, have been pushing against this residential requirement for years. They've described it as too expensive for too little return, especially in rural areas. Other companies have insisted it's unfair to change guidelines partway through the implementation, since they've already invested in new equipment.
As a nod to some of these concerns, ANR has also recommended the legislature make amendments to "allow the market to work" by allowing for subcontracting and letting haulers get waivers if they can prove another company is offering sufficient service in the area. Industry reaction to the new proposal, and any potential advocacy around it getting passed, will be a telling sign as the legislative session progresses.
Beyond this notable ask, ANR's biennial report also contains a wealth of information about progress on its 2012 Universal Recycling Law. Once the full food waste ban kicks in next year, Vermont will officially have the broadest organics policy of any state in the country.
So far, ANR is seeing multiple promising signs that these targets are having the desired effect. In 2017, "Vermonters composted more than any time in the last 10 years," and the amount of organic material managed by facilities went up 9% from 2016. Donations to the Vermont Foodbank, the state's largest, nearly tripled between 2014-2017, and continue to increase.
On the infrastructure side, each of the state's 108 transfer stations are complying with requirements to offer drop-off service, and ANR is confident there will be sufficient regional processing capacity to handle all material by 2020. Currently, more material is managed by residents at home — likely via backyard composting or animal feeding, based on one recent University of Vermont study — than at organics processing facilities. ANR believes it will need up to 46,000 tons of new de-packaging, composting and anaerobic digestion capacity by 2020, and is offering state grants to help with those investments.
All of this bodes well for Vermont's ability to meet its goals, but as with any bold recycling plan, it still has the potential to be undercut by consumer behavior and broader economic trends. After declining for multiple years, the amount of landfill disposal actually went up by 11% in 2017.
The detailed report also covered many other areas beyond organics, such as bolstering domestic recycling markets and exploring extended producer responsibility programs for packaging, that could help reverse the trend in a more favorable direction toward ANR's long-term targets. With Vermont now down to just one landfill — likely to get final approval for an expansion, but nonetheless a contentious topic — the pressure is rising from both an economic and regulatory standpoint to continue moving the needle. | <urn:uuid:b988331e-85f0-4b2d-86f1-7a79ff42ac4c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wastedive.com/news/vermont-statewide-organics-collection-requirement/546276/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.957612 | 722 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Zimbabwe hackers hit ANC website
- 14 June 2013
- From the section Africa
Opponents of President Robert Mugabe have targeted the website of South Africa's governing ANC, accusing it of backing Zimbabwe's leader.
Anonymous Africa said it had also hacked into the sites of Zimbabwe's defence ministry and the state-run Herald newspaper.
The ANC said its site had been "flooded" by a Distributed Denial of Service (DDS), which overwhelms sites with huge amounts of traffic.
Mr Mugabe has called elections in July.
South Africa's President Jacob Zuma is the lead mediator between Zimbabwe's leader and his long-time rival, Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangirai.
At 12:30 BST (11:30 GMT) all three websites were working again.
ANC spokesman Jackson Mthembu said the party's website team was "currently working on the problem, including assessing means to strengthen our security so that such does not recur in future".
On its Twitter feed @zim4thewin, Anonymous Africa said the ANC was an "enabler" of Mr Mugabe's government.
It said it had targeted the Zimbabwe defence ministry because of the "genocide" of 20,000 Ndebele people in the 1980s.
Zimbabwe's government has always denied accusations that it deliberately killed civilians because they were ethnic Ndebeles, seen as supporters of Mr Mugabe's rival, the late Joshua Nkomo.
It says it was targeting criminals.
Some of Mr Tsvangirai's supporters want South Africa to put more pressure on Mr Mugabe to ensure that elections are free and fair.
On Thursday, Mr Tsvangirai accused Mr Mugabe of acting "unlawfully" by saying elections would be held on 31 July.
The prime minister wants more time to ensure that reforms are in place before polling day.
Mr Mugabe says he is complying with a court order, which said the elections must be held by the end of July. | <urn:uuid:1b76786f-3a45-466c-8c5a-475bdfd6dfaf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-22902168 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00039-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.985925 | 420 | 1.539063 | 2 |
As you approach age 65, you’re probably starting to think about your future – including your health care. Perhaps you’ve had employer-sponsored health insurance in the past and will need Medicare coverage once you retire. Alternatively, you may have individual health insurance, but are soon Medicare-eligible thanks to your age.
No matter your situation, the first step toward Medicare is enrolling in Original Medicare, otherwise known as Parts A & B. This type of Medicare covers many services and procedures that can be valuable for seniors during their golden years.
But what are Parts A & B? Why do you need to get both? And how are they different? We explain below.
Part A covers hospital services and procedures.
Once you have Medicare Part A, you will be able to take advantage of certain types of coverage, including hospital care, skilled nursing facility care, nursing home care, hospice care, and home health services. But Part A doesn’t cover everything you might need after age 65.
Part B covers other important medical needs.
Part B basically covers important services that Part A does not. Once you call your local Social Security office to enroll, Part B will cover things like ambulance services, inpatient and outpatient mental health care, clinical research, getting a second opinion before surgery, and durable medical equipment, like crutches.
You must take action to get Part B.
You must have both Parts A & B to continue on with additional Medicare coverage options. Thankfully, you’ll be automatically enrolled in Part A around your 65th birthday, but the same doesn’t go for Part B. You must call your local Social Security office to actively enroll in Part B.
Medicare has neither reviewed nor endorsed this information. | <urn:uuid:4b64cf1e-fc91-4931-874c-3c5e8ccc6bc5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://d30braiqprupoq.cloudfront.net/blog/2016/11/the-difference-between-medicare-part-a-and-part-b-and-why-you-need-both/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.952009 | 361 | 1.742188 | 2 |
I popped into the kitchen to make a cup of tea and in the few minutes I was out of the room, police had attempted to separate protesters inside the building from the larger crowd of protesters beyond. It seemed to me that the police, walking two abreast, forced their way through the crowds.
When I came back into the room, people were screaming, scuffles were taking place, a woman in a wheelchair was protecting her child from harm by holding her close, putting her own body between the child and police. Another man in a wheelchair had his shoulder broken.
Were the police too violent? Were they provoked by protesters? Does it matter?
What on earth have things come to if sick and disabled people cannot protest peacefully and know they will be safe and free from injury?
Here is the DPAC press release on the issue : http://www.dpac.uk.net/2012/08/press-release-following-police-violence/
Also, please take a few minutes to watch this wonderful video by UK Uncut and DPAC all about Atos, "fit for work" tests, the DWP, and just how unfair cuts to sickness and disability benefits REALLY affect sick and disabled people : | <urn:uuid:c6c29c09-add1-44f2-b5ab-94a2eeee8262> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://diaryofabenefitscrounger.blogspot.com/2012/09/uk-uncut-video-and-dpac-press-release.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280899.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00576-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976938 | 252 | 1.820313 | 2 |
(CBS) — The next people inside the Joliet Prison may have to pay for the privilege, reports WBBM’s John Cody.
Joliet officials are keenly aware of the part their city’s now closed prison played in the cinema classic, “The Blues Brothers.”
“The movie opens up with Joliet Jake getting out of the Collins Street Prison and we thought that would be a part of it where we could have people pose at that gate,” said Joliet City Manager Jim Hock.
Hock says visitors would also get a chance to see solitary and it’s chiseled motto: “It’s never too late to repent.”
According to Hock, the roof leaks and lead is peeling from walls of the Joliet prison, so tourists would have to stay with their tour guides, many of whom would be former prison guards.
Hock says the Joliet Historical Society has received several requests for prison tours which he pictured as an untapped market the city would like to accommodate
Since construction by convict labor in 1858, Joliet housed prominent prisons including thrill killers Leopold and Loeb as well as several members of the Black P Stone rangers street gang.
Hock says the Department of Corrections would need to be assured they’d be compensated for additional liability costs and talks are underway at this time. | <urn:uuid:a59692e7-2cfe-489d-b24d-e75f0cd127aa> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://chicago.cbslocal.com/2014/05/05/officials-looking-to-turn-joliet-prison-into-tourist-attraction/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721174.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00283-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.98278 | 291 | 1.507813 | 2 |
DreamBox executives will discuss why empowering teachers with classroom technologies and access to student learning data is the future of education
Austin, TX—March 3, 2016—DreamBox Learning today announced CEO Jessie Woolley-Wilson and Superintendent in Residence Dr. Greg Firn will join education leaders on two panels during the SXSWedu® conference, to discuss how advancements in technology can support educators as activators of the learning process, and the importance of big-data to boost student achievement. This four-day event in Austin, Texas attracts more than 6,000 attendees from 71 countries to discuss innovations in learning.
DreamBox CEO Jessie Woolley-Wilson will participate in a panel on March 9, Cultivating Teacher Readiness in Next Gen Learning, with industry colleagues from the Woodrow Wilson Foundation and Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Office of Digital Learning. Panelists will evaluate best practices for empowering teachers to support next-generation learning. Woolley-Wilson will discuss the tools in place at schools that support the educator as both a learner and an activator in the learning process.
Dr. Greg Firn, Superintendent in Residence at DreamBox, will also participate in a panel, A Data-driven Culture: Who’s Behind the Wheel, on March 7, to discuss how teachers can utilize real-time formative data to provide actionable insights into student thinking. This kind of data guides teachers on how best to adjust lesson plans through the implementation of adaptive learning technologies. Adaptive learning is more than just optimizing the pace of lessons for students. DreamBox is leveraging Intelligent Adaptive Learning technology to make real-time lesson recommendations for students to achieve mastery in math and provide educators with real-time data that can be used to identify a student’s trouble areas so that personalized instruction time can be modified.
“Teachers are our biggest ally in transforming the learning experience, as they are on the front lines every day. Technology provides a pathway to engage students in curriculum in ways that have never been possible with paper or pencil, and to deliver responsive supports that facilitate deeper learning and elevate student agency,” said Woolley-Wilson, President and CEO of DreamBox Learning. “With 10 years as a leader in Ed-Tech, we have adapted to the needs of both teachers and students. SXSWedu gives us the opportunity to share results from real student achievement through DreamBox.”
For more information on the panels, visit http://schedule.sxswedu.com/.
About DreamBox Learning
DreamBox Learning was founded in 2006 in Bellevue, Washington, and the company’s pioneering Intelligent Adaptive Learning platform has since won over 40 top education and technology industry awards and is in use in all 50 states and throughout Canada. DreamBox Learning Math® offers a groundbreaking combination of Intelligent Adaptive Learning, a rigorous K–8 mathematics curriculum, and a motivating learning environment. The innovative DreamBox platform captures every decision a student makes and adjusts the student’s learning path and scaffolds support based on the student’s input, delivering millions of individualized learning paths, each one tailored to the student’s unique needs. DreamBox Learning Math is available for Mac, PC, and iPad. For more information, visit DreamBox.com.
RH Strategic for DreamBox Learning | <urn:uuid:555f2c59-fbf4-410f-9c57-e3393b33b3b4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.dreambox.com/press-releases/sxswedu-2016-dreambox-learning-to-dive-into-data-driven-education-cultivating-teacher-as-learning-activator | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00047-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.913314 | 677 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Steve Marshall, now 54, lost count of the number of CVs he fired off to potential employers during the nine months he was jobless after redundancy.
A casualty of restructuring at the Brisbane council he worked at for eight years, the former community centre manager admits it was one of the toughest tests of his life.
Two jobs that he thought were guaranteed fell through at the 11th hour, without any explanation from the would-be employer.
Then came the volley of soul-destroying rejection letters.
“It was doing my head in,” admits Steve. “I’d always ring for feedback on why. A lot of the time they’d mention my experience and say, ‘Oh you made the top five, and just missed out by a whisker.”
Steve’s ultimate salvation came via a Sliding Door moment – a random ad for a franchise expo he spotted on the internet.
Attracted by the company’s proven history and support systems, the former high school cleaner pounced on the chance to join James’ Home Services, and hasn’t looked back.
He now has 20 regular homes on his roster, three real estate companies he works for and a builder who calls on his services for the winning polish.
His dream now is to get to the stage where he can eventually afford to employ staff so he can get his weekends back, and some semblance of a normal week.
But Steve isn’t complaining – he knows he’s one of the lucky ones in his age group.
A recent study by the University of South Australia reveals that almost a third of Australians 45 or older perceived some form of age-related discrimination in the last year while in a job, or looking for work.
The nationwide poll of 2,100 men and women 45-plus found that the most common form of bias was negativity toward the workers’ skills, learning abilities or cognition.
The survey participants also reported experiencing pressure from colleagues and management to stop working in order to “make room for the younger generation”, and the patronising assumption that they would struggle to pick up new technology or work systems quickly, due to their age.
Ageism was just as prevalent for job seekers in the same age bracket.
They reported being candidly, or surreptitiously rejected through the recruitment process on the basis of age alone.
Susan Ryan, the Age and Discrimination Commissioner from 2011-16, warned that people in their 50s who lose their jobs face the prospect of decades of unemployment.
The former commissioner made the sobering statement at the launch of last year’s Willing To Work report, an alarming national inquiry into employment discrimination against older Australians and Australians with disability.
The data revealed that people aged 55 years and over make up roughly a quarter of the population.
But only 16% of the country’s fastest growing age cohort were still in jobs.
The Willing to Work Inquiry followed on from Australia’s first national prevalence survey of age discrimination in the workplace which was conducted by the Australian Human Rights Commission the year prior.
That survey revealed more than a quarter of Australians aged 50 years and over had experienced age discrimination in the workplace during the past two years.
A staggering 33 per cent of those gave up looking for a new role as a result of being snubbed by would-be employers.
“It is unthinkable that people who lose their jobs in their 50s may live up to another forty years without paid employment,” writes Susan in the Willing To Work foreword.
“Programs funded by government to increase skills training are not delivering the intended outcomes.
“Most workers at mid-life need a retraining opportunity so that they can secure an available job in a growth industry. The current gap in reskilling opportunities for mid-life workers, particularly those in declining sectors like manufacturing, condemns many able and experienced workers to years of poverty on benefits.” | <urn:uuid:920c66a2-035c-496d-b184-2d2acd1771cd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://50sowhat.com.au/age-discrimination-we-need-to-do-more-to-change-attitudes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.971665 | 826 | 1.679688 | 2 |
In the fall of 1938, Herschel Grynszpan (1921-45), a 17-year-old ethnically Polish Jew who had been living in France for several years, learned that the Nazis had exiled his parents to Poland from Hanover, Germany, where Herschel had been born and his family had lived for years. As retaliation, on November 7, 1938, the agitated teenager shot Ernst vom Rath (1909-38), a German diplomat in Paris. Rath died two days later from his wounds, and Hitler attended his funeral. Joseph Goebbels (1897-1945), the Nazi minister for public enlightenment and propaganda, immediately seized on the assassination to rile Hitler’s supporters into an anti-Semitic frenzy.
Kristallnacht was the result of that rage. Starting in the late hours of November 9 and continuing into the next day, Nazi mobs torched or otherwise vandalized hundreds of synagogues throughout Germany and damaged, if not completely destroyed, thousands of Jewish homes, schools, businesses, hospitals and cemeteries. Nearly 100 Jews were murdered during the violence. Nazi officials ordered German police officers and firemen to do nothing as the riots raged and buildings burned, although firefighters were allowed to extinguish blazes that threatened Aryan-owned property.
In the immediate aftermath of Kristallnacht, the streets of Jewish communities were littered with broken glass from vandalized buildings, giving rise to the name Night of Broken Glass. The Nazis held the German-Jewish community responsible for the damage and imposed a collective fine of $400 million (in 1938 rates), according to the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum. Additionally, more than 30,000 Jewish men were arrested and sent to the Dachau, Buchenwald and Sachsenhausen concentration camps in Germany–camps that were specifically constructed to hold Jews, political prisoners and other perceived enemies of the Nazi state. | <urn:uuid:0b83afa7-89be-4616-b2b0-a3b50a0d050c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.history.com/topics/kristallnacht | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00035-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975719 | 389 | 3.8125 | 4 |
Piety and Reason Joined: Insights from St Gregory of Nyssa, Contra Eunomium, Book I
In his first book against the Arian heretic Eunomius of Cyzicus (d. 393), St Gregory of Nyssa (333-393) demonstrates a balanced appreciation for both the limitations and the importance of rational argument in theology. Modestly denying his own philosophical powers, he observes that “there are thousands in the Church who are strong in philosophical skill” (I: 2). Such skill, however, has its efficacy for truth never simply as an individual possession, but solely as united to the body of the Church: “The very smallest member of a vigorous body would, by virtue of the unity of its life with the whole, be found stronger than one that had been cut away and was dying, however large the latter and small the former” (I:2).
St Gregory thus places great heuristic store by Church tradition. The sensus fidelium, the belief of “those who accept the Gospel in its plain simplicity” (I: 20; cf. I: 26), carries considerable weight for him. The tenets of the faith are already generally known, and “fixed in the souls of the faithful,” so that there is no need for novelties (I: 7). In contrast, Eunomius’ arguments are “new-fangled” and work “with no enthusiasm for any previous model” (I: 3); he is a “neologian” (I: 20).
St Gregory affirms the goodness of being a scholar of the Gospel (I: 9). Yet a crucial test of such scholarship is the sobriety and personal holiness of life on the part of the one teaching. Such a marriage of piety and scholarship Gregory finds in the life of his brother, St Basil, whom he defends against the attacks of Eunomius (I:10).
The authoritative tradition of theology is thus preeminently a tradition of saints. Yet within this tradition, the witness of Scripture has primary pride of place: “An inspired testimony is a sure test of the truth of any doctrine: and so it seems to me that ours may be well guaranteed by a quotation from the divine words” (I: 22). Gregory follows Basil in preferring the language of Scripture to philosophical language in theology (I: 38). Closely united to this scriptural authority is experience of the Church’s mysteries (I: 22, 34).
Human reason is bounded by time and space (I: 26). By its own powers, it cannot even comprehend the created order, not to say the divine nature itself (I: 26). God is beyond all thought and “above every name” (I: 42), knowable “by faith alone” (I: 26). For Gregory, however, the knowledge of faith does not exclude the action of pious reasoning; rather, it requires it. Only “reason under the guidance of Scripture” (I: 23) can speak properly of God. At the heart of such reverential reasoning is love, which seeks to honor God only with those terms as are fitting to Him (I: 24). It is precisely such exercise of proper theological reasoning that Gregory strives for in the present work.
St Gregory’s use of rational argument is guided by a profound sense of theological “realism.” In the debate about proper theological terms, Gregory assumes the primacy of thought over words, and being over thought. Words follow after, and point back to, thought; thought follows after, and points back to, objective realities (I: 37). Orthodoxy resides not in words, but in meaning given the words and the realities behind them. “Out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh” and “the right attitude of soul towards the truth is more precious than the propriety of phrases in the sight of God” (I: 37).
Posted by the Orthodox Christian Network. You can find the Orthodox Christian Network on Google+. | <urn:uuid:897c2333-ed8f-4635-8836-40569ffed8cc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://myocn.net/piety-reason-joined-insights-st-gregory-nyssa-contra-eunomium-book/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283008.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00083-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9459 | 853 | 2.390625 | 2 |
I suggest you to use Netbeans IDE. It has already a compiler in it and it is not platform dependent.
It ia also the official IDE of java and supports all kind of applications.
It can be used for building apps for android or can be used for developing softwares for PC's.
It is based on GUI (Graphical User Interface) where you can decide the outlook of your software designed by yourself.
You can download it from the official website of Netbeans. | <urn:uuid:abfe99c6-e614-46b8-9a4e-2b619a3b1508> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sololearn.com/Discuss/2335633/please-where-can-i-get-any-offline-compiler-ide-for-web-and-all-programming-languages-not-sure-about | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.948726 | 101 | 1.585938 | 2 |
By Kelly Land © 2006-2009 All rights reserved.
Finding your legitimate online business is becoming one of the best ways to earn an extra income. Many moms are turning to this popular alternative in order to bring in a paycheck and spend more time with their children. Can't blame them! Could work at home be your career? An internet job isn't as far fetched anymore. Companies post job offers all the time, that's job information that YOU need to know!
I've been there. I was a FULL time Radio personality (which I have a 4 year degree for). Even with the degree, experience and references.....I was making LESS than $20,000 a year doing the morning show by myself! I was given no benefits either. I brought in about $225 a week and daycare was $90! This was supposed to be the glamorous job I'd gone to school for and the life I had dreamed of....it was hardly that. With my paycheck and my husband's we were living paycheck to paycheck.
After my second child, I stayed one more year like this and when the station I was with went off the air....so did I! But I still needed to make money some how! I decided to research telecommuting and find other ways to make that the $400 a month I needed for our budget. That $400 was bare minimums too. There would be no ordering pizza or renting movies. It would be a TIGHT budget. I'm going to suggest here, that you give yourself a little cushion - because it sucks not having ANY money left over.
What I've Learned About Work at Home:
- Don't put all your eggs in one "work at home" basket! Think multiple streams of income.
- Apply for a work at home job with a resume and cover letter - like any other job.
- Don't expect to make $40,000 a year. It will be less in most cases.
- Adjust your budget before you quit your regular job. See what it's like.
- Direct Sales companies ask for start up fees! Deal with it. This is typical and reasonable. They are great ways to make money at home if you're ambitious and take it seriously! Whiners need not sign up because it does take ambition and gumption to build a business like this!
- Be leery of "make money fast" programs. Yes-there are many legit ones -but
you'll want to be extra savvy researching.
- It can be lonely working at home... have a network of friends and activities.
- It can be hard on your child(ren). They get lonely and bored too. Make sure you are ready with things to entertain them and maybe even playgroups.
- Be ready to be pulled in a million directions - work at home is for the multi-tasker.
- If you're going the "create a website" route -be original. Simply copying someone else's concept or material is a no-no. Eventually it'll catch up with you and maybe even get your site banned.
- Create a work at home job! Look around your community for ideas. Day care, typing service, errand service etc. For example - if you're a paralegal in an office right now - maybe you could be one at home for an attorney more open to telecommuting? Lawyers aren't the only ones turning to virtual assistants!
Don't get discouraged. Sometimes the right work at home option for you doesn't show itself right away. I invested tons of money into trying to start a gift basket business. Huge flop. Not sure what I was even thinking?? It didn't even really suit my personality and delivery the baskets was so hard to do with little kids and working around nap time.
So don't let your first venture into work at home be the only venture if that first one doesn't work out.
Just regroup and fine tune your plan. | <urn:uuid:a0202b9f-b426-448f-bc1e-95d26744b3d6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://mentoringmoney.blogspot.com/2009/10/researching-work-at-home-what-ive.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00430-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973319 | 813 | 1.625 | 2 |
President Bush's $2 billion proposal to help finance cleaner technologies for developing countries may be too little, too late, the Christian Science Monitor reports. While some laud Monday's State of the Union plan as "a major landmark in addressing global warming," critics argue expecting voluntary contributions from other industrial nations "adds up to lots of rhetoric and little actual change."
Compared to the $100 billion China puts into new oil and coal resources every year, Bush's proposal seems a small sum. But Bush might have softened his stance of boycotting a global climate arrangement without India and China. US News and World Report believes the fund is "an acknowledgment that maybe we should lend a hand if we want to get them on board." | <urn:uuid:bd7ac5df-f57e-4e16-bb6e-1143844ec5ef> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.newser.com/story/17757/prez-finds-its-not-easy-being-green.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719566.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00262-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934782 | 144 | 1.976563 | 2 |
I have just read the latest issue of Future First where Martin Camroux compares the membership of the six largest URC (United Reformed Church) churches in 1975 (the year he was ordained) with today:
|Cheam, St Andrews||915||83|
|Bournemouth, Richmond Hill||647||156|
|Chelmsford, Christ Church||630||93|
|Monkseaton, Whitley Bay||551||113|
|Eastbourne, St Andrews||528||60|
|Coventry, Warwick Road||515||Closed|
Although not every denomination in the UK has suffered such a collapse, nonetheless almost without exception the church is in major decline. Indeed, the Aberdeen-based sociologist Steve Bruce in his 2002 book God is Dead: Secularization in the West wrote:
Unless it can find the secret that has eluded it for 50 years of decline or negotiate a reunion with the Church of England, the Methodist Church will finally fold around 2031. The Church of England will by then be reduced to a trivial voluntary association with a large portfolio of heritage property. Regular churchgoers will be too few to show up in representative national survey.
We see this decline in the 2019 census. There the number of people in England and Wales calling themselves Christians is only 51%. In the words of a headline in The Times on 18 December 2021: ‘Losing our religion, Christians poised to become a minority’.
To make matters worse, churches now have to wrestle with the impact of Covid. On average church attendance is down by 30%, and it seems likely that many former churchgoers will not return.
The only way to stem the decline is for churches to make new converts. However, that is proving challenging. Between 2014 and 2022 the Church of England aimed to create 89,375 “new disciples” by investing £176.7 million in “strategic development “ grants with a view to creating 89,375 new Christians, However, only 12,704 people have been converted. Indeed, according to a report which came out in March of this year, there were no new worshippers recorded in 2020 and 2021. Under the headline, ‘Converts cost ailing CofE £6,000 each’, The Times on 12 March 2022 noted that:
If the target figure of 89,375 new disciples had been achieved, it would have cost the church £834 rather than £5,864 per convert.
I confess that I am a little surprised by the so-called ‘costs’ involved. I presume that they relate primarily to plant and personnel. However, I have always believed that the key evangelists in any church are the people. In the first place, it is not the preaching which will encourage non-Christians to visit a church, but rather the invitation given to them by their friends. In that regard we need to listen to David Voas, Professor of Population Studies at the University of Essex, who wrote in a Church of England research paper: “The most direct route to growth comes from members inviting and welcoming family, friends and acquaintances”. He went on: “Inviting friends to church does not come easily to most English people, which is partly why it is helpful to have non-threatening halfway house events like carol services as a draw. A corollary of the social difficulty of extending invitations is the reluctance to refuse them. Ours is a culture in which asking is a powerful act: it is hard to do but correspondingly hard to decline.” (From Anecdote to Evidence: Findings from the Church Growth Programme 2011-2013.). His findings effectively repeated a 2007 Tearfund report, Churchgoing in the UK:
What can churches do to attract infrequent and non-churchgoers? There is no simple answer, but this research reveals that a personal invitation or encouragement from a family member or friend is much more powerful than anything else.
Of course, ministers too have a role to play in mobilizing their churches for imaginative evangelism – as also for ensuring that their services are accessible to non-churchgoers, their preaching is attractive, and that there are courses such as Alpha, Christianity Explored or Pilgrim, into which ‘seekers’ can be integrated. But if their people fail to bring friends, then whatever churches put on will fail to stem the tide of decline.
Even in today’s increasingly secular culture, I believe that many non-churchgoers will respond to an invitation. When I was minister of a local church, my custom was to encourage my people to invite five friends to one of our many carol services, in the expectation that three would accept the invitation. My experience was that many would respond to such an invitation. Indeed, on one occasion I said from the pulpit that I would give £5 to anybody who found that not one of their five friends would accept an invitation – but nobody came to claim a fiver! | <urn:uuid:8cd5e7cd-5bfd-41d6-afd8-f5da54964b7b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.paulbeasleymurray.com/2022/06/30/develop-an-invitational-culture-or-die/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.971537 | 1,041 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Sulejów Prayer Times (August 15, 2022)
Sulejów Prayer Timings – In the five basic pillars of Islam, Namaz (Salah) is considered as the second more important pillar, in Qur’an there are about seven hundred different places which show the importance of Namaz in Islam. Internet facilitates in every sort of life and makes our life style easier so, being a Muslim Ummah, why we don’t get the quick helps for the internet in religious things, internet helps in striving to enlighten people with the knowledge of the Qur’an and Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) to provide the services for the Islamic point of view and be a part to spread the Islamic knowledge and info.
Sulejów Prayer Times أوقات الصلاة – This Namaz time page is very useful for the Muslims, here you get the prayer timings of all the cities and districts of various countries either Muslim or Non-Muslim to get the all five times prayers according to the current schedule of Salah time in your location. This page provides the Sulejów Namaz Time with Sunrise to give the quick services for the citizens of Sulejów with the help of it they can offer Salah on time. The resident of Sulejów can Bookmark this page in your laptops and other internet devices to get the updated timings when you visit.
Prayer Time is important to know daily by the residents of
to perform daily their prayers (صلوٰۃ - نماز). Daily
Prayer Times include Fajar Times at
2:59 AM, Dhuhur / Zuhur Prayer Time at
12:37 PM, Asr Prayer Time at
4:36 PM, Maghrib Prayer Time at
and Isha Prayer Time at
Sulejów. Muslim worldwide performs five Prayers daily and it is must to know
the legitimate prayer time of each prayer. Users can find here
prayer time monthly, weekly and for 30 days. There is also Yearly Calendar for | <urn:uuid:15913612-c419-439b-80cf-ca170dba6757> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://islamuna.com/prayer-time/poland/sulej%C3%B3w | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.870998 | 501 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Likewise, the Church? She's been around a while. She's not something new. She's not "ours." Our fathers and mothers in the Faith have a lot more claim to being Her founders than anyone of us and they didn't have the hubris to think She was their creation, nor dedicated to them and their wishes.
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
The Liturgy the Church has received from Her Head? She can't improve it, she can't make it more "meaningful." All She, in the persons of her many members, can do is to strive to have greater comprehension of its meaning inherent and unchanging and unchangeable, the meaning already contained therein, to more completely fulfill what has been prescribed.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate -- we can not consecrate -- we can not hallow -- this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract.
As it is for us to be formed by the Mass, not to try to form it; to be the missionaries we are sent to be - missa est.
The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us
And the gates of hell shall not prevail against Her.
-- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. | <urn:uuid:cbbae626-b6ff-4e4b-ba85-c7158c274fe7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://scelata.blogspot.com/2009/02/lincolns-lesson-for-liturgists.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00324-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.978226 | 509 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Talking about the "things that matter most" on Jan. 9
4:00 – Kresta Comments
4:20 – Becoming Europe: Economic Decline, Culture, and How America Can Avoid a European Future
“We’re becoming like Europe.” This expression captures many Americans’ sense that something has changed in American economic life since the Great Recession’s onset in 2008: that an economy once characterized by commitments to economic liberty, rule of law, limited government, and personal responsibility has drifted in a distinctly “European” direction. Looking at their own society, Americans are increasingly asking themselves: “Is this our future?” Samuel Gregg is here to examine economic culture—the values and institutions that inform our economic priorities—to explain how European economic life has drifted in the direction of what Alexis de Tocqueville called “soft despotism,” and the ways in which similar trends are manifesting themselves in the United States. experience should serve as the proverbial canary in the coal mine.
5:00 – Kresta Comments
5:20 – The Steubenville Rape Atrocity and Cover-Up: How Do We Raise Kids to Do the Right Thing?
Steubenville, OH is now internationally known for two things: Franciscan and the traumatic rape of a 16-year-old Catholic High School girl, and alleged systematic cover-up by the public High School and civic authorities. The internet hacking group “Anonymous” recently released video of a young Catholic HS girl being kidnapped and raped by a group of public school football players who allegedly call themselves the "rape crew." Currently only 2 young men are being tried--as juveniles--despite the fact that it appears up to a dozen young men were involved and dozens more may have stood by and done nothing--or worse, took video while it was happening. How do we raise kids who can do the right thing? Who can protect themselves from these things happening to them? Who have the courage to be Christian heroes in the face of evil and say, "NO!" We talk to clinical psychologist Dr. Gregory Popcak. | <urn:uuid:7abff246-dfff-4679-aeda-4eead93957ea> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://krestaintheafternoon.blogspot.com/2013/01/today-on-kresta-in-afternoon-january-9.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00221-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956109 | 443 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Saint John the Baptist
Memorial: 24 June (birth) - 29 August (death)
John the Baptist is regarded as a prophet by three religions: Christianity, Islam, and Mandaeanism. He is the forerunner or precursor of Christ and forms a link between the Old and New Testaments. He is considered the last of the Old Testament prophets and the first of the saints of the New Testament, where his story is told. John was the prophet who preached the coming of Christ as the Messiah.
He was born in a priestly family, but he didn't become a priest as expected. All four Gospels say that John came as a prophet to prepare the way before Jesus. He was the son of Zachary, a priest of the Temple in Jerusalem, and Elizabeth, a kinswoman of Mary who visited her. Jesus Christ and John the Baptist were related. Their mothers, Mary and Elizabeth, were cousins.
John the Baptist was born 6 months before Jesus Christ (as Zachary was ministering in the Temple, an angel brought him news that Elizabeth would bear a child filled with the Holy Spirit from the moment of his birth. Zachary doubted and was struck dumb until John's birth). Thirty years later, in the fifteenth year of Tiberius Caeser, corresponding to what we would call the year 26 A.D., John began a ministry of baptism. He was a priest and priests began their work when they were thirty years old, wearing a leather belt and a tunic of camel hair, living off locusts and wild honey, and preaching a message of repentance to the people of Jerusalem. He converted many, and prepared the way for the coming of Jesus.
John was in a wilderness area on the Jordan river. People came from all over, especially from Judah and Jerusalem, to hear John preach and to heed his call to repent of their sins and be baptized. Baptism shows that a person wants the old sinful character to die and be buried and to rise up out of the water a new character, forgiven of their sins and beginning a new life of overcoming sin. The people who were baptized were apprehensive about John's message. They knew that it was very near the time the Messiah was prophesied to appear. The people asked him, "What shall we do?" He answered, "He who has two coats, freely give one of them to someone who has none. He who has food, give some to someone who has none."
Seven hundred years before the birth of Jesus, the prophet Isaiah wrote how the Messiah would be "led like a lamb to the slaughter" as a sacrifice to take away our sins (Isa. 53:7). That is why, when John saw Jesus coming toward him, he pointed to Him and said to his disciples, "Look, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world! He baptized Christ in the Jordan river, after which he stepped away and told his disciples to follow Jesus. John the Baptist is a different person from the apostle John, for whom the Gospel of John is named... In speaking of Jesus, John said: "I have baptized you with water, but He will baptize you with the holy spirit".
John had publicly reprimanded King Herod for taking his brother Philip’s wife, Herodias as his own, so Herod had him imprisoned. Herodias held a grudge against John for this and greatly desired to kill him. Herod too wanted to kill him but he also considered John to be a just and holy man and the people considered him a prophet so he was afraid to kill him. He also liked to listen to John though he became quite upset when he did.
About a year passed after the Forerunner’s imprisonment, when Herod celebrating his birthday gave a banquet for his courtiers, and officers, and a thousand leading men of Galilee. Salome, the daughter of Herodias and stepdaughter of Herod, also came to this banquet. She danced for Herod, which pleased him and his guests. The dance so delighted Herod that he swore to Herodias, daughter that he would reward her with anything she asked - up to half his kingdom. She didn't know what to ask so she went out and asked her mother. Herodias told her to ask for John's head on a platter. So she went back in to the party and demanded John the Baptist's head. This barbaric request startled the tyrant himself; but governed by human respect he assented and sent a soldier of his guard to behead the Saint in prison. The soldier fulfilled the order of the king, brought the head of John the Baptist on a platter and gave it to Salome, and Salome gave it to her mother Herodias. Afterward John's disciples buried his body, and went and told Jesus (Matthew 4:3-12; Mark 6:17-29).
Thus died the great forerunner of our blessed Saviour, some
two years after his entrance upon his public ministry, and a year before the
death of the One he announced.
Jordan River Place where Jesus was baptised
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Shelbyville Central School Corporation, Shelby County, Indiana
The Shelbyville Central School Corporation is located in Shelbyville, Indiana, approximately 28 miles southeast of Indianapolis. The school district encompasses three townships, Marion Township, Addison Township, and a portion of the Shelby Township.
Shelbyville Central School Corporation includes three elementary schools, one middle school, and one high school. The district prides itself on having a vast array of academic, arts, and athletic programs. Choosing to purchase a home in the Shelbyville Central School Corporation will ensure your child receives an excellent education as well as a great community to call home. Read more
Coulston Elementary School
Coulston Elementary School includes students from Pre-Kindergarten through the 5th Grade and states their mission is “Every Child, Every Chance, Every Day.” Parents can be comfortable their child’s preliminary years will be filled with an array of well-qualified educators to guide their children. The school is currently in the midst of an improvement plan which involves upgrades to the school’s curriculum. In addition, Coulston Elementary was recognized by the State of Indiana as an “A” level school for the 2011-2012 academic year.
Hendricks Elementary School
Hendricks Elementary prides itself on working together as a community offering a “positive, safe, and stimulating” school for children. Educating Pre-Kindergarten through 5th Grade students, the school encourages students to be lifelong learners and affords children the opportunity to receive an excellent education to guide them. Hendricks Elementary has recently completed a three-year improvement plan, which allowed the school to assess its students and staff to ensure the educational needs of all students are being met.
Loper Elementary School
At Loper Elementary School, teachers and staff encourage parents to be involved in their child’s preliminary education and offers a safe and disciplined learning environment including plans to maintain high attendance rates. The school houses Pre-Kindergarten through the 5th Grade and works to ensure that their students thrive academically, emotionally, and socially. Spanish Language Enrichment classes are offered to students in Grades 4-5. The school encourages children to set and meet goals throughout the school year and does so by ensuring that every child receives individual attention.
Shelbyville Middle School
Shelbyville Middle School houses students from Grades 6-8 and was recently recognized as a model school in the “Schools to Watch” forum. The school offers a “safe, positive, and healthy learning environment” for all of its students and encourages parents to be involved in their child’s experience at the school by taking part in school activities and volunteering when available. The school also offers a limited amount of high school credit courses in Biology, Geometry, Algebra and more. Students here can also choose to participate in basketball, soccer, cross country, football, golf, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, track and field, volleyball, and wrestling at the middle school level.
Shelbyville High School
Shelbyville High School offers students the opportunity to thrive in an academic environment that is rich in community as well as academic achievement. Parents whose children attend Shelbyville High School can rest assured that their child will receive an excellent education and a variety of recreational programs. The school has several music programs including concert band, choral chamber ensemble, and show choir, each giving several concerts throughout the year. Shelbyville High School’s athletics department offers baseball, basketball, bowling, cross country, football, golf, soccer, swimming and diving, tennis, track and field, wrestling, cheerleading, gymnastics, softball, and volleyball.
If you are interested in moving to the Shelbyville area, then our realtors will help you find a home to fit your needs. Please do not hesitate to contact one of our knowledgeable realtors if you have any questions. | <urn:uuid:5de9c7e1-4862-485a-a53a-0a638c910c5f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.talktotucker.com/shelbyville-central-school-district/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00379-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96808 | 817 | 1.75 | 2 |
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