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Okay, a short one.... Got a gal in one of the Friday classes, has had WS
before and has the basics... Anyway, she is building a segmented round
mirror frame. I told her we would assemble it with hide glue.... She wanted
to know what THAT was, and I told her that it was the only glue available
for WW until modern adheisives came along.... She wanted to know why it was
called hide glue, and I told her... She wrinkled her nose and had a small
hissy about "those poor rabbits" and that it was WRONG to do that. I
countered, by asking her if she had ever eaten a burger.... she said that
"that didn't count" and that hide glue was "mean".... So, I back-tracked
and told her, half in jest, that we were actually using the "vegitarian"
formula, and that the original ingredients included lettuce and carrots.
She took it hook, line and sinker.... So now it's "carrot glue"
On Fri, 29 Apr 2005 22:41:59 -0700, Fly-by-Night CC
It may be, but not usually for woodworking.
Woodworking hide glue is hides from cows, maybe horses. Hooves and bone
take too much cooking, so they go for fertiliser instead.
Rabbit skin glue is more flexible than other hide glues. It's mainly
used for bookbinding, and similar trades.
Cats have nine lives, which is why they rarely post to Usenet.
Sorry for the second reply but thought of something else...
In the last year or two my wife and I have been trying to gently ease
our now 6 year old into knowing the true origins of the animal products
we eat and wear. Her favorite stuffed animal is a cow. This cow has been
with us since the day she was born and to this day is much loved and
protected by all in the family - but especially our daughter. We love
animals and stop along the roadside to pet horses and talk to the cows,
we frequent petting zoos, have a couple dogs, read about animals, wake
her up to hear the owl in the summer and generally instill in her how
important it is to be respectful, kind and not harm animals, etc.
We thought it might be a problem explaining where hamburgers, roasts and
other beefy goodness comes from... nope - she doesn't seem to care one
bit as she pours more ketchup on her burger. She's even gotten to asking
us what part of the animal we're eating at any given meal - like what
animal gives us bacon and what part of the pig is it? She didn't seem
fazed at all that some people of the world eat dogs and rabbits or that
some won't even consider eating cows. On the flip side she still firmly
believes in Santa, the Easter Bunny and the Tooth Fairy...
Sounds like a well-adjusted young lady. My wife has become a
vegetarian over the past couple of years, and now she tries grossing
me out about eating meat. Doesn't work though- she tried telling me
that I should never eat McDonald's because the hamburger is allowed to
have a certain percentage of cow eyeballs in it. Well, that may or
may not be true- but just to show it doesn't work, I make a point of
always saying "Mmmmm... eyeballs" right before biting into any burger
these days. :)
Nothing wrong with being kind to animals, and using them when their
time is up. That's what we raise them for.
Aut inveniam viam aut faciam
On Sun, 01 May 2005 05:27:39 -0500, the inscrutable Prometheus
Whoa, doubletake there. I could have sworn I read "60-second
drive-through quarantine" on the first read-through and was
impressed that they went that far. I should have known.
The only fast-food restaurant I occasionally partake of is Carl's Jr.,
and then it's only their fried zucchini, _made_fresh_while_I_wait_!
"Let's sing praise to Aphrodite || www.diversify.com
She may seem a little flighty, || Full Service Websites
but she wears a green gauze nighty, || PHP Applications
And she's good enough for me." || SQL Database Development
On Sat, 30 Apr 2005 12:31:07 -0400, the inscrutable "Lee Michaels"
One of the funniest skits I've seen and heard was George Wallace
(Yeah, the black comedian, not the Georgia racict.) on feeding the
homeless. He wanted to give out loaves of bread to the homeless in
the parks and have them catch pigeons and make sandwiches, killing
two birds (so to speak) with one stone. I couldn't Google a link for
it or I would have posted it. His version was a LOT funnier.
--== May The Angst Be With You! ==--
-Yoda, on a bad day
http://diversify.com Ending Your Web Page Angst.
It always grosses out my wife when I fry trout with the head attached so
I can eat the eyeballs - I think they're good :-).
She's also not overly fond of my habit of eaing the marrow in those
little rings of bone :-).
You eat the eyballs out of trout?! Now, that's just disgusting. The
purpose of frying/grilling the trout with the head on is to eat the
tiny cheeks where there's a pocket of meat....not the eyes. Signed,
raised on a trout farm where supper was so fresh it jumped out of the
S O P in some countries. We have some people at work from Pacific rim
countries. They tend to eat a lot of parts that we would dispose of. Some
of their food smells outstanding, others force me to fresh air.
HomeOwnersHub.com is a website for homeowners and building and maintenance pros. It is not affiliated with any of the manufacturers or service providers discussed here.
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AFTER a slight hiccup, defuelling has resumed as normal at Oldbury Nuclear Power Station.
In November director Mike Heaton had revealed that due to problems at the recycling plant in Sellafield, Cumbria, fuel retrieved from Oldbury’s reactors was not transported as planned to station to be reprocessed over the summer.
Despite the unexpected delay, deputy site director Rob ledger confirmed this month that defuelling was now back on track and should be complete by June 2015, right on schedule.
"We started bulk defuelling on reactor two before Christmas," he said. "It’s been going well and reactor two is now 15 per cent defuelled."
Bulk defuelling of reactor one which was shut down on February 29 last year will start this month.
The 50-year-old reprocessing facility in Sellafield closed for maintenance back in August but the work lasted longer than expected.
The Cumbrian plant converts the spent fuel from nuclear reactors worldwide into re-useable uranium, plutonium, and highly radioactive products that will have to be safely stored for thousands of years.
Staff numbers at Oldbury will decrease slightly by March, going from 390 to 370, with employees leaving on voluntary severance, according to Mr Ledger. "As plant maintenance continues to reduce, a few additional staff will leave on voluntary severance, although the bulk of staff on site are now supporting defuelling so staff numbers will stay largely the same until this is completed," he said.
He added that shift times were currently under review in partnership with the trade unions on site to help maximise efficiency.
The unblemished safety record was broken at the plant in January. After more a thousand days without an incident, a worker was injured and had to undergo led surgery.
" Following our fantastic run with respect to conventional safety, with over three years since a lost time accident, it is disappointing to report that we had an injury requiring hospital treatment to a subcontractor," Mr Ledger said. "He had an operation on his leg but there was nothing broken. This followed some civil refurbishment work in a shower area on site. "All events of this nature are taken extremely seriously and a detailed investigation into the event is taking place." | <urn:uuid:f2b46683-2933-47b7-b865-e5e529aa8f0a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.gazetteseries.co.uk/news/10199246.Defuelling_resumes_at_Oldbury_Nuclear_Power_Station/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00431-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.982775 | 469 | 1.851563 | 2 |
When referencing William & Mary:
- William & Mary: required first reference in communications (no “College of,” uses the ampersand instead of “and”)
- the university: preferred second reference
- W&M: most informal, use as second reference
- College of William & Mary: formal reference reserved for official Charter Day and Commencement event publications and certain presidential-level communications
- College: acceptable as a second reference only in communications for undergraduate alumni
- The College of William and Mary in Virginia: most formal title, used only in the Charter and on diplomas
- Do not use: WM, William and Mary, College of William and Mary, The College of William and Mary, The College of William & Mary
Arts & Sciences: Capitalize when referring to the group of academic units (formally known as the Faculty of Arts & Sciences). A&S is acceptable on second reference.
Class year: Include a student’s or alumnus’ class year after his or her name on first reference.
- Examples: Jon Stewart ’84 or Ginger Ambler ’88, Ph.D. ’06
Crim Dell: Refers to the pond and surrounding area, not the bridge itself. Do not use the definitive article.
- Examples: Crim Dell, not the Crim Dell, but the Crim Dell bridge (note lower case.)
Departments: Capitalize departments when their proper names are used; do not capitalize when they are referred to informally.
- Examples: Department of History, history department, University Communications, Facilities Management, W&M Police, police department
Historic Campus: Refers to the section of campus that includes the Wren Building, President’s House and Brafferton. Some refer to this area as Ancient Campus, but Historic Campus is preferred.
Public Ivy: Capitalized and in quotes on first reference (“Public Ivy”); lowercase, not in quotes on second references (public ivy).
Raymond A. Mason School of Business: Use the full name on first reference.
- the business school is acceptable on second reference
- housed in Alan B. Miller Hall (or Miller Hall on second reference)
Sunken Garden: Never plural.
William & Mary Athletics
- W&M Athletics is acceptable on second reference
William & Mary Law School
- the law school is acceptable on second reference
- avoid using Marshall-Wythe School of Law except in formal documents
William & Mary School of Education
- the school of education is acceptable on second reference
William & Mary’s Virginia Institute of Marine Science. Preferred first reference for all communications, especially those involving external audiences such as press releases and news articles.
- VIMS is acceptable on second reference
- the William & Mary School of Marine Science at VIMS is an acceptable first reference for internal audiences and some external stories when clear the subject of the article involves a connection to the School of Marine Science
- always include William & Mary as part of first reference for either
Wren Building: Appropriate first-reference form used for all but the most formal references to the Sir Christopher Wren Building. The Wren is the oldest college building still standing in the United States. | <urn:uuid:9f5836eb-f148-419e-8427-6d8dcd709a60> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://brand.wm.edu/index.php/editorial/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.883423 | 684 | 2.078125 | 2 |
- that what I am providing is NOT meant in any way to replace the conversation between you, your doctor, or your pharmacist
- please do not self-diagnose or make medical decisions about this drug without talking with qualified professionals
- although I do have a personal experience with this drug I am not a doctor, nor have I gone to Med school
- the information provided here is the reference sheet you would find at WebMD. During my journey I found this site to be helpful in providing support. All credit for this information belongs to them. I copied it right from their website and I have removed the hyper-links. Please visit their site if you would like to read further.
For this installment, I have chosen Lorazepam Oral (also known as Ativan)
If you have any questions about what is provided here....talk with your doctor or pharmacist please.
This medication is used to treat anxiety. Lorazepam belongs to a class of drugs known as benzodiazepines which act on the brain and nerves (central nervous system) to produce a calming effect. This drug works by enhancing the effects of a certain natural chemical in the body (GABA).
This section contains uses of this drug that are not listed in the approved professional labeling for the drug but that may be prescribed by your health care professional. Use this drug for a condition that is listed in this section only if it has been so prescribed by your health care professional.
If directed by your doctor, this drug may also be used to reduce the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal, to prevent nausea and vomiting due to chemotherapy, and fortrouble sleeping (insomnia).
How to use lorazepam oral
Take this medication by mouth with or without food as directed by your doctor. The dosage is based on your medical condition, age, and response to treatment.
If directed by your doctor, use this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, use it at the same time(s) each day.
This medication may cause withdrawal reactions, especially if it has been used regularly for a long time or in high doses (more than 1-4 weeks) or if you have a history of alcoholism, drug abuse, or personality disorder. Withdrawal symptoms (such as seizures, trouble sleeping, mental/mood changes, nausea, vomiting,diarrhea, loss of appetite, stomach pain, hallucinations, numbness/tingling of arms and legs, muscle pain, fast heartbeat, short-term memory loss, very high fever, and increased reactions to noise/touch/light) may occur if you suddenly stop using this medication. To prevent withdrawal reactions, your doctor may reduce your dose gradually. Report any withdrawal reactions immediately.
Along with its benefits, this medication may rarely cause abnormal drug-seeking behavior (addiction). This risk may be increased if you have abused alcohol or drugs in the past. Take this medication exactly as prescribed to lessen the risk of addiction.
Do not suddenly stop using this drug without consulting your doctor. Some conditions may become worse when this drug is abruptly stopped. Your dose may need to be gradually decreased.
When this medication is used for a long time, it may not work as well. Talk with your doctor if this medication stops working well.
Tell your doctor if your condition persists or worsens.
LORAZEPAM ORAL SIDE EFFECTS
Drowsiness, dizziness, loss of coordination, headache, nausea, blurred vision, change in sexual interest/ability, constipation, heartburn, or change in appetite may occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.
Remember that your doctor has prescribed this medication because he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.
Tell your doctor right away if you have any unlikely but serious side effects, including: mental/mood changes (such as hallucinations, depression, thoughts of suicide), slurred speech or difficulty talking, vision changes, unusual weakness, trouble walking, memory problems, signs of infection (such as fever, persistent sore throat),trouble breathing (especially during sleep).
Get medical help right away if you have any rare but very serious side effects, including: yellowing eyes or skin, seizures.
A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash,itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.
This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.
In the US -
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.
LORAZEPAM ORAL PRECAUTIONS
Before taking lorazepam, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to other benzodiazepines (such as alprazolam, clonazepam, diazepam); or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.
Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: kidney disease, liver disease, glaucoma, lung/breathing problems (such as sleep apnea), mental/mood disorders (such as depression, psychosis), drug/alcohol abuse.
This drug may make you dizzy or drowsy or cause blurred vision. Do not drive, use machinery, or do any activity that requires alertness or clear vision until you are sure you can perform such activities safely. Avoid alcoholic beverages.
Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).
Older adults may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug, especially loss of coordination and drowsiness. Also, the elderly may not experience relief of anxiety with lorazepam. It may have the opposite effect on the elderly, causing symptoms including mental/mood changes, sleeping problems, increase in sexual interest, or hallucinations. Loss of coordination, drowsiness, and sleeping problems may increase the risk of falling.
Children may not experience relief of anxiety with lorazepam. It may have the opposite effect on children, causing symptoms including agitation, shaking, or hallucinations.
This medication is not recommended for use during pregnancy. It may harm an unborn baby. Tell the doctor right away if you notice symptoms in your newborn baby such as slowed breathing, feeding problems, or constant crying. Consult your doctor for more details.
This drug passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.
LORAZEPAM ORAL INTERACTIONS
Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.
Some products that may interact with this drug include: clozapine, kava, sodium oxybate (also known as gamma hydroxybutyrate or GHB).
Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking other products that cause drowsiness including certain antihistamines (such as diphenhydramine), other medicines for sleep or anxiety (such as diazepam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants, narcotic pain relievers (such as codeine), psychiatric medicines (such as chlorpromazine, risperidone, amitriptyline, trazodone).
Check the labels on all your medicines (such as allergy or cough-and-cold products) because they may contain ingredients that cause drowsiness. Ask your pharmacist about using those products safely.
LORAZEPAM ORAL OVERDOSE
If overdose is suspected, contact a poison control center or emergency room immediately. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Symptoms of overdose may include confusion, slow reflexes, clumsiness, deep sleep, and loss of consciousness.
Lifestyle changes such as starting a stress reduction program may increase the effectiveness of this medication. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about lifestyle changes that might benefit you.
Do not share this medication with others. It is against the law.
Laboratory and/or medical tests (such as blood counts, liver function tests) should be performed periodically to monitor your progress or check for side effects. Consult your doctor for more details.
If you miss a dose and are taking more than 1 dose daily, do not take it if it is almost time for the next dose. Instead, skip the missed dose and resume your usual dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up. If you take it once daily at bedtime and miss a dose, do not take it the following morning. Call your doctor to find out what to do.
Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.
Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.
Your condition can cause complications in a medical emergency. For information about enrolling in MedicAlert, call 1-888-633-4298 (US) or 1-800-668-1507 (Canada).
Information last revised November 2013. Copyright(c) 2013 First Databank, Inc. | <urn:uuid:c96c94c0-aa62-4aa6-8929-470f3dd8cb4c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.chronicpainandlife.com/blog/medication-mondaylorazepam-oral | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.91397 | 2,145 | 1.835938 | 2 |
Reinventing liberalism for the 21st century
IN SEPTEMBER 1843 James Wilson, a hatmaker from Scotland, founded this newspaper. His purpose was simple: to champion free trade, free markets and limited government. They were the central principles of a new political philosophy to which Wilson adhered and to which The Economist has been committed ever since. That cause was liberalism.
Today liberalism is a broad faith—far broader than it was to Wilson. It has economic, political and moral components on which different proponents put different weights. With this breadth comes confusion. Many Americans associate the term with a left-wing belief in big government; in France it is seen as akin to free-market fundamentalism. But whatever version you choose, liberalism is under attack.
The attack is in response to the ascendancy of people identified by their detractors, not unreasonably, as a liberal elite. The globalisation of world trade; historically high levels of migration; and a liberal world order premised on America’s willingness to project hard power: they are all things that the elite has sought to bring about and sustain. They are things the elite has done well out of, congratulating itself all the while on its adaptability and openness to change. Sometimes it has merely benefited more visibly than a broad swathe of lesser souls; sometimes it has done so at their expense.
Populist politicians and movements have won victories by defining themselves in opposition to that elite: Donald Trump over Hillary Clinton; Nigel Farage over David Cameron; the Five Star Movement over the Brussels bureaucracy; Viktor Orban over George Soros, who was not actually running in the Hungarian elections last April but personifies that which Mr Orban despises, and is Jewish to boot. The populists deride the leaders of the past as obsessed with bossy political correctness and out of touch with what matters to ordinary people; they promise their voters the chance to “take back control”. Meanwhile rising powers—as well as Russia, which though in decline is still dangerous—seek to challenge, or at least amend, the liberal world order. And in the near future the biggest economy in the world will be China, a one-party dictatorship. In all these ways the once-barely-questioned link between economic progress and liberal democracy is being severely put to the test. The Economist marks its 175th anniversary championing a creed on the defensive.
So be it. Liberalism has succeeded by serially reinventing itself while staying true to what Edmund Fawcett, a former journalist at this newspaper, identifies in his excellent history of the subject as four key elements. The first is that society is a place of conflict and that it will and should remain so; in the right political environment, this conflict produces competition and fruitful argument. The second is that society is thus dynamic; it can get better, and liberals should work to bring such improvement about. The third is a distrust of power, particularly concentrated power. The fourth is an insistence, in the face of all power, on equal civic respect for the individual and thus the importance of personal, political and property rights.
Unlike Marxists, liberals do not see progress in terms of some Utopian telos: their respect for individuals, with their inevitable conflicts, forbids it. But unlike conservatives, whose emphasis is on stability and tradition, they strive for progress, both in material terms and in terms of character and ethics. Thus liberals have typically been reformers, agitating for social change. Today liberalism needs to escape its identification with elites and the status quo and rekindle that reforming spirit.
Epic stale males
The specific liberal philosophy Wilson sought to promulgate was born amid the tumult of industrialisation and in the wake of the French and American revolutions. It drew from the intellectual inheritance of Enlightenment thinkers such as John Locke and Adam Smith. That tradition was further shaped by a series of Victorian intellectuals, most notable among them John Stuart Mill, which included this newspaper’s second editor, Walter Bagehot.
There were at the time liberal movements and thinkers throughout continental Europe as well as the Americas. The first politicians to claim the name, Spain’s liberales, did so in a short-lived era of parliamentary rule after 1812. The creed was embraced by many of the 19th century’s newly independent Latin American countries. But the movement’s centre was Britain, the world’s predominant economic and political power.
That liberalism was not today’s. Take foreign affairs. Victorian liberals were often pacifists who welcomed the ties of trade but eschewed military alliances. Later, a tradition of “liberal imperialism” justified colonialism on the basis that it brought progress—in the form of laws, property rights and so forth—to peoples that lacked them. Few make either argument today. The Economist was sceptical of imperialism, arguing in 1862 that colonies “would be just as valuable to us…if they were independent”. But “uncivilised races” were owed “guidance, guardianship and teaching”.
Liberalism was not born with the umbilical link to political democracy that it now enjoys. Liberals were white men who considered themselves superior to the run of humanity in both those particulars; though Bagehot, like Mill, supported votes for women, for most of its early years this newspaper did not. And both Mill and Bagehot feared that extending the franchise to all men regardless of property would lead to “the tyranny of the majority”.
Or consider the relationship between the state and the market. Liberals like Wilson had a near-religious faith in free enterprise and saw scant role for the state. Early Economist editorials inveigh against paying for state education through general taxation and greater public spending on relief efforts during the Irish famine. But in the early 20th century many European liberals, and their progressive cousins in America, changed tack, seeing progressive taxation and basic social-welfare systems as necessary interventions to limit the market’s failures.
This led to schism. Liberal followers of John Maynard Keynes embraced a state role in boosting demand to fight recession and providing social insurance. As this newspaper noted on its centenary in 1943, “The greatest difference…between the 20th century liberal and his forefathers is the place that he finds for the organising powers of the state.” Followers of Friedrich Hayek thought those organising powers always overreached in dangerous ways; hence the emergence of a “neoliberalism” interested in radically curtailing the state.
The Economist has, at times, embraced elements of both, driven by pragmatism and a sense of the present’s shortcomings as much or more than by ideology. When we supported graduated income taxes in the early 20th century, a position Wilson would have scorned, it was in part because those taxes, a Liberal policy, were more to our liking than the protectionist tariffs the Conservatives were touting. After the Depression and the second world war we hewed to Keynesian views that both allowed for significant state involvement in the economy and saw value in liberal nations working together to create a world in which their values could thrive. When we rebelled against the subsequent state overreach to champion the deregulation and privatisation that Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan would later bring in, we were moved as much by the failures of the status quo as by libertarian zeal.
The Economist of recent years has been a supporter of stable prices and fiscal responsibility at home, of open trade and investment internationally, and of the market-friendly cocktail of policy prescriptions dubbed the “Washington consensus”. Amid today’s distrust of liberalism—and liberal self-doubt—it is worth remembering just how fruitful those positions have been. The core liberal causes of individual freedom, free trade and free markets have been the most powerful engine for creating prosperity in all history. Liberalism’s respect for diverse opinions and ways of life has whittled away much prejudice: against religious and ethnic minorities, against the proposition that girls and boys should have an equal opportunity to attend school, against same-sex sex, against single parents. The post-war liberal world order has contained conflict better than any previous system of alliances. Liberalism’s principles, pragmatism and adaptability have generated policies that solve practical problems while advancing its core tenets.
Many liberals have become conservative
There is, in short, much to be proud of. But the liberal ascendancy that came with the end of the cold war has been troubled. The misguided invasion of Iraq (which this newspaper supported at the time), and other failed interventions in the Middle East have exposed the hubris and difficulty of military action in the pursuit of universal values. The global financial crisis laid bare the dangers of under-regulated finance. Liberal economists paid too little attention to the people and places harmed by trade and automation. The liberal world order failed to confront the epic challenge of climate change or to adapt its institutions to the growing importance of emerging economies. Liberal thinkers paid too little heed to those things people value beyond self-determination and economic betterment, such as their religious and ethnic identities.
These failures mean that liberalism needs another reinvention. Those in favour of open markets and societies need to see off the threat posed by those who value neither. They also need to do a lot more to honour their promise of progress for all. That means being willing to apply their principles afresh to the existing and emerging problems of the ever-changing, ever-conflicted world.
It is a tall order. And it is made taller by the fact that this has, indeed, been a period of liberal ascendancy. Liberals like Wilson saw themselves, by and large, in opposition to entrenched elites. Today that is hard for liberals to do with a straight face. They have been the shapers of the globalised world. If it is a smallish number of the rich, and a large number of the very poor, who have done best out of that ascendancy, rather than liberals per se, liberals have still done pretty well; it is not too wide of the mark to caricature their views on migration as more influenced by the ease of employing a cleaner than by a fear of losing out. The wars, financial crisis, techified economy, migrant flows and chronic insecurity that have unsettled so many all happened on their watch, and in part because of policies they promoted. This undermines their credibility as agents of change.
Worse, it can also, shamefully, undermine their willingness to be such agents. Many liberals have, in truth, become conservative, fearful of advocating bold reform lest it upset a system from which they do better than most.
They must overcome that fear—or, if they cannot, they must be attacked by true liberals who have managed to do so. As Milton Friedman once put it, “The 19th-century liberal was a radical, both in the etymological sense of going to the root of the matter, and in the political sense of favouring major changes in social institutions. So too must be his modern heir.” On the occasion of our 175th birthday, we offer some ideas to meet Friedman’s challenge.
Free markets and more
“JESUS CHRIST is free trade and free trade is Jesus Christ.” Even by the standards of the 1840s, Sir John Bowring, a British politician, made bold claims for the rock on which The Economist was founded. But his zeal was of the times.
The case for getting rid of British tariffs on imported grain was not a dry argument about economic efficiency. It was a mass movement, one in which well-to-do liberal thinkers and progressive businessmen fought alongside the poor against the landowners who, by supporting tariffs on imports, kept up the price of grain. As Ebenezer Elliott, a radical and factory owner, put it in one of the poems that led him to be known as the “Corn Law rhymer”:
Give, give, they cry–and take!
For wilful men are they
Who tax’d our cake, and took our cake,
To throw our cake away.
When liberals set up the Anti-Corn Law League to organise protests, petitions and public lectures they did so in the spirit of the Anti-Slavery League, and in the same noble name: freedom. The barriers the league sought to remove did not merely keep people from their cake—bad though such barriers were, and strongly though they were resented. They were barriers that held them back, and which set people against each other. Tearing them down would not just increase the wealth of all. It would bring to an end, James Wilson believed, the “jealousies, animosities and heartburnings between individuals and classes…and…between this country and all others.”
The age of global trade ushered in by the free trade that followed the repeal created a remarkable amount of wealth. Given that it ended in the first world war, though, its record on reducing animosity was, at best, mixed. The next great age of global trade, which began after the second world war and grew into fullness with the end of the cold war, did even better, bringing with it the greatest reduction in poverty ever. Unfortunately there is still significant cause for jealousy, animosity and heartburning among those who live in places that lost out—enough of it that, amplified by unscrupulous leaders with protectionist politics, it is putting the remarkable gains of past decades at risk.
The modern era of multilateral trade negotiation was ushered in by the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1947. It was based on the insight that unilateral tariff reductions, such as the repeal of the Corn Laws, are unstable. The concentrated displeasure of producers exposed to foreign competition is more powerful than the diffuse gratitude of the mass of consumers, and so tariffs get reimposed. If reductions are taken in concert with foreign powers, some producers gain new foreign markets, thus becoming supporters, and the international nature of the obligations makes backsliding harder.
In 1995 the GATT became the WTO, and almost every country on Earth now belongs to it. Tariffs are cut by negotiation and agreed rates applied to all trade partners; a dispute-settlement system authorises retaliation against miscreants. There are still high levies on some goods, and many emerging economies, such as Egypt’s or India’s, would benefit a lot if tariffs were cut further. But tariffs on goods are in general no longer a big barrier to global commerce. The best estimate is that getting rid of those which remain would add only about 1% to global GDP.
Freeing trade in services, such as those of lawyers, architects or airlines, would yield gains six times larger, maybe more. But the WTO, for which nothing is settled until everything is settled, has spent decades failing to reach big deals on services. Nor has it succeeded in stopping China, which joined in 2001, from flouting the spirit, if not always the letter, of its rules by shaking down foreign investors for technologies it fancies and giving under-the-table assistance to its own industries.
The trade system would benefit hugely from a grand agreement forged between America, China and Europe that put multilateral trade on terms appropriate for the 21st-century economy, and for a world in which the biggest trader is not a free market. Terms attractive enough that the rest of the world could be brought into them would both require and allow substantial reform of the WTO. Multilateral agreements in which groups of like-minded countries forge ahead should lead the way. Working towards such a goal should be at the forefront of trade policy.
Alas, the more urgent necessity is to ensure the survival of the current system which, having been undermined by China, is now under determined attack by America, once its greatest support. Fighting to forestall losses is not as inspiring as fighting for new progress. But it is yet more vital; backsliding is a threat to the livelihoods of hundreds of millions of people.
By George he had it
Defending the existing trade system is thus a paramount goal. And the gains it may yet offer, in services and elsewhere, are substantial. But no one could claim that free trade has the capacity to stir the spirit today in the way that the fight against the Corn Laws did, nor that it offers as much scope for progress in an already globalised world as in the mercantilist 19th century. Modern liberals must look for new reforms where dismantling barriers and increasing freedom will once again produce transformative gains for individuals and society.
They are spoilt for choice: there is much to do, from rewriting campaign-finance laws that give lobbyists disproportionate power in politics to removing the implicit subsidies still enjoyed in parts of the financial system. In both those cases, and many more, concentrations of power allow the rigged markets and rent-seeking that liberals abhor. But the cause of free trade was powerful in its simplicity, and in that respect two new targets stand out.
One is the market in urban land; the other, the anti-competitive economics of the modern economy, and particularly of the digital-technology businesses that increasingly dominate it. In both cases monopoly power distorts markets in ways that are economically significant, politically potent and ethically unjustifiable.
Start with land. Most 21st-century productivity growth and wealth creation will take place in highly productive cities. The world’s 50 largest conurbations house 7% of the population but account for 40% of gross product. The productivity gap between such cities and poorer places has widened by 60%, on average, in the past two decades, according to the OECD, and is still growing. Property prices in leading cities have soared. In Paris, Hong Kong, New York and London the median household spends on average 41% of its income on rent, as opposed to 28% 30 years ago.
This is a huge windfall gain for a relatively small number of property owners. It reduces the chances of prosperity for a much larger number who are prevented from moving to high-productivity cities offering better wages, and in doing so holds back the economy. One study suggests America’s GDP would be 9% higher if the less restrictive zoning laws of the median American city were to be applied to the priciest, fanciest ones.
The best solution to this is not new: it was well known, and pursued by liberals, in the 19th century. Tax landowners according to the underlying market value of the land that they own. Such a tax would capture for society part of the windfall that accrues to a landowner when his local area thrives. Land taxes capable of replacing all existing property taxes (which are raised on the value of what sits on the land, rather than just the land itself) and then some would greatly sharpen the incentive to develop. Because the amount of land is fixed, a land tax, unlike most other taxes, does not distort supply. At the same time, ease planning restrictions. It is no good raising the incentive to develop if regulation then stands in the way. But development rights have been so far collectivised in many cities as to come close to undermining the very notion of property. The curtailment of development rights enriches even owners of vacant plots; if the windfall gains from soaring property values are heavily taxed, NIMBYism will not be such a profitable strategy. The problem is getting those owners to give up the windfall and submit to a land tax in the first place.
The concentration of corporate power is a trickier problem. Returns to scale and strong network effects—the more users you have, the more you have to offer the next user—have encouraged concentration in various industries built around digital technology, and this encouragement has gone largely unchecked. One or two giant firms dominate each segment: Google in search, Facebook in social on one side of the Great Firewall, Alibaba and Tencent on the other. In addition, by collecting ever more data on ever more users’ habits, and armed with ever better algorithms, the incumbents can tweak their products to make them yet more attractive in various ways.
This risks reinforcing, perhaps supercharging, a wider trend for industries to be dominated by a few companies. In 2016 research by this newspaper showed that two-thirds of America’s 900 industrial sectors had become more concentrated from 1997 to 2012. In 2018, in a similar analysis for Britain, we found the same trend. It may help explain both higher profits and the squeeze on labour that has seen the wages of the less-skilled lowered.
If there is an economic problem in need of radical new intellectual approaches, this is it. The existing antitrust framework, created in the progressive era and refined in the 1980s, cannot deal with the nature of market concentration in the 21st century. The pace of mergers has risen. Large asset managers hold sizeable stakes in today’s big incumbent firms, and may encourage them to hoard profits and adopt safety-first strategies. Tech-platform firms enjoy network effects and are continually bundling more services together. The spread of artificial intelligence will give even more power to firms with access to lots of data.
Part of the answer is a tougher attitude to policing deals and to ensuring that new firms are not unfairly squashed. But when it comes to tech, something fresher and rooted in individual action and competitive markets would be best. One approach is to consider the data that users generate as a good they own or a service they provide for fees.
As with land taxes, there will be intense resistance to newly vigorous antitrust and competition law, or changes in the power structures building up around data, however popular they may be. Henry George’s call for a land tax, “Poverty or Progress”, sold more copies in America in the 1890s than any other book save the Bible. But the immense political power of landowners saw off the threat, there and elsewhere. David Lloyd George, a Liberal chancellor of the exchequer, put forward a land tax (with this newspaper’s support) in his 1909 “People’s Budget”. It did not pass.
Still, more affordable housing, more choice, lower prices and better jobs remain causes that people can get behind. And the ability of popular movements to grow as never before with the help of both social and mass media is one of the striking aspects of the modern age. This has allowed dissatisfaction with today’s liberal elite to mushroom; it might allow a liberalism of new reforms, new ideas and new alliances to do so, too.
This makes keeping the digital sector open and competitive all the more vital. Barriers to wealth-creation there are bad enough. Dominant companies which might limit, or skew, free expression, open deliberation and self-determination—encouraging “jealousies and animosities” in the realm of ideas—are worse.
Immigration in open societies
THE bill in front of the House was a wretched thing, as the opposition politician explained. It would “appeal to insular prejudice against foreigners, to racial prejudice against Jews, and to Labour prejudice against competition”. But he could see why the majority party might like it. It would “no doubt supply a variety of rhetorical phrases for the approaching election.”
Substitute the word “Mexicans” for “Jews”, and this might have been a Democrat on the floor of the House of Representatives denouncing this year’s Securing America’s Future Act, a hardline Republican immigration bill. In fact they are the words of Winston Churchill, in 1904, speaking from the Liberal benches in opposition to the Aliens Bill that the Conservatives had brought before the House of Commons. The bill was the first attempt to legislate a limit to migration into Britain.
Immigration was as politically potent in the early 20th century as it is in the early 21st. Previous decades had seen a surge of people on the move across Europe. Millions had moved farther, heading across the Atlantic to America: hundreds of thousands of Chinese crossed the Pacific to the same destination. Xenophobic backlashes followed. Congress passed a law prohibiting Chinese migrants in 1882. By the time of the Immigration Act of 1924 it had, in effect, banned non-white immigration. It also curtailed the rights of non-whites already there in the same ways as it did the rights of its black population, with laws against miscegenation and the like. The flow of migrants across Europe produced a similar reaction. In “The Crisis of Liberalism” (1902) Célestin Bouglé, a French sociologist, marvelled at how a modern society could spawn bigotry and nativism. When Churchill mocked the idea of a “swarming invasion” in 1904, Britain was the only European country without immigration curbs; the following year it brought in its first.
Today some 13% of Americans are foreign-born; that proportion is approximately what it was in 1900, but much higher than it was in the intervening years. In 1965 it was just 5%: older Americans grew up in a pretty homogeneous society that was hardly a nation of immigrants. In many European countries the foreign-born share of the population has surged. In Sweden it is 19%, twice what it was a generation ago; in Germany, 11%; in Italy, 8.5%.
Open borders are rarely if ever politically feasible
The reactions have not been as harsh as they were a century ago. Indeed, in America the appetite for more immigration has grown even as the immigrants have arrived. In 1965 only 7% thought the country needed more immigrants; 28% do today. But any liberals feeling complacent are clearly not paying attention. Anger over immigration has fuelled the rise of illiberal regimes in central Europe; it is the main reason why right-wing populist parties are now in power in six of the European Union’s 28 countries; it explains much of the popularity of Brexit, and of Donald Trump. Concerns are growing in emerging economies, too—from Latin America, where the exodus of Venezuelans is roiling the region’s politics, to Bangladesh, which is struggling with the arrival of 750,000 Rohingya fleeing genocide in Myanmar.
There are four reasons to expect the issue to get yet more divisive. First, migrant flows are likely to rise. People in the global south are still poor compared with those in the north; modern communications make them very aware of this; modern transport networks mean that, poor as they are, many can afford to try to live the life they see from afar. According to Gallup, 14% of the world’s adults would like to migrate permanently to another country, and most of those would-be migrants would like to go to western Europe or the United States. Over the coming decades the consequences of climate change are likely to force large numbers of people, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia, to move, and though most will probably not move all that far, some will try to go all the way. Some will be welcome; ageing populations in developed countries will need more working-age people to look after them and pay tax. It is very unlikely that all will.
Second, the world lacks good systems for managing migration. The 1951 UN Convention on Refugees set up a liberal and eventually near-universal regime for people fleeing oppression and other state malfeasance. It is ambitious and (theoretically) generous. There are no other mechanisms that give people general rights to seek their fortunes abroad. The result is that refugees’ treatment frequently falls far short of the legal rights to which they are entitled. Meanwhile low-skilled people without family members in rich countries with whom they might seek to be reunited have no way in. So some seek refugee status on dubious grounds.
The wrong kind of liberalism
Third, the modern welfare state complicates the issues around migration in a way that it did not a century ago. Illegal immigrants are not entitled to such benefits. But refugees often qualify, as do the children of people who have arrived illegally. The absolute level of spending may be small; the perception of inequity, though, can be beyond all proportion to the cost. People resent paying taxes to fund benefits that they perceive as going to outsiders.
Fourth, liberal attitudes to immigration have changed. Liberalism came of age in a Europe of nation states steeped in barely questioned racism. Nineteenth-century liberals were quite capable of believing that nations had no duties towards people beyond their borders. The Economist, although it did not support the Aliens Bill in 1904, made clear that it did “not want to see the already overgrown population swollen by ‘undesirable aliens’”.
Much modern liberalism has a more universalist view, along the lines of that enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. To some, this means that no controls on immigration are justified: that a person born in Mali has the same right to choose where to live as one born in Germany. Totally open borders are rarely if ever politically feasible. But increased migration tends to be seen as good in itself by today’s liberals. It removes barriers that keep people from the lives they want, it produces more diverse societies and it offers economic betterment to all. People who move to places where they can be more productive realise almost instant gains; higher shares of immigrants are correlated with higher rates of entrepreneurship and dynamism. Economists estimate that, were the world able to accommodate the wishes of all those who wanted to migrate, global GDP would double.
A positive attitude to immigration pits liberals against many of their fellow citizens—for all liberals, despite what anyone may say, are citizens of somewhere—more than any of their other beliefs do. The conflict is made worse by the fact that today’s left, including many identified in America as liberals, has moved sharply towards an emphasis on group identity, whether based on race, gender or sexual preference, over civic identity. This leaves them leery of imposing cultural norms, let alone a sense of patriotism.
The 19th-century assumption that immigrants would assimilate and learn their new country’s language seems, to such sensibilities, oppressive. Several American universities have declared the phrase “America is a melting pot” to be a “microaggression” (a term in pervasive use and taken by the majority to be innocuous but which communicates a hostile message to minorities). It is hard, given such views, for left-liberals to articulate a position on immigration much more sophisticated than opposition to whatever restrictions on it currently seem most egregious. The more opposition you show, the better your credentials.
Trust, but E-verify
This is not a way to win. Liberals need to temper the most ambitious demands for immigration while finding ways to increase popular support for more moderate flows. They have to recognise that others place greater weight on ethnic and cultural homogeneity than they do, and that this source of conflict cannot be wished away. They must also find ways for the arrival of new migrants to offer tangible benefits to the people worried about their advent.
People often dislike immigration because it exacerbates a sense that they have lost control over their lives—a sense that has grown stronger as globalisation has failed to spread its prosperity as fully as it should have. Removing other barriers that get in the way of self-determination for people already living in their countries is thus both a good in itself and a way to lessen antipathy to migration. But restoring a sense of control also means migration has to be governed by clear laws that are enforced fairly but firmly.
Wary though liberals rightly are of state snooping, technology can help with this in various ways. Fully 75% of Americans support E-verify, a system that allows employers to check a worker’s immigration status online. If the system is administered in a just, efficient way and with proper procedures for appeal, liberals should feel happy to join them.
One aspect of setting clear rules is reforming the international system for refugees. In “Refuge” (2017) Alexander Betts and Paul Collier, two British academics, argue for a complete overhaul. This would include a broader definition of refugee status while encouraging people who claim that status to stay closer to their former homes. For this to work the refugees need to be integrated into local labour markets; investment needed to further that end should come from richer countries. At the same time, new avenues need to be found to give people who do not qualify as refugees some real hope of a legitimate route to wherever they want to go.
Then there is the question of distributing the benefits. Today most of the financial gains from migration accrue to the migrants themselves. Lant Pritchett of Harvard University reckons the annual income of the average low-skilled migrant to the United States increases by between $15,000 and $20,000. How could some of those gains be shared with the hosts? The late Gary Becker, an economist from the University of Chicago, argued for auctioning migrant visas, with the proceeds going to the host state. In their book “Radical Markets” Eric Posner and Glen Weyl argue that individual citizens should be able to sponsor a migrant, taking a cut of their earnings in exchange for responsibility for their actions. There is a bevy of less extreme reform ideas, such as “inclusion funds” paid for by a modest tax on the migrants themselves, which would spend their money in the places where migrants make up a disproportionate share of the population.
As well as taking a little more from immigrants, there will be circumstances when the state should give them a little less. Systems that offer migrants no path to citizenship, such as those of the Gulf states, are hard for liberals to stomach, and that is as it should be. But that does not mean all distinctions between migrants and established citizens should cease the moment they leave the airport. In America entitlement to retirement benefits kicks in only after ten years of contributions; in France, we hear, no one gets free baguettes until they can quote Racine. This is all entirely reasonable, and not illiberal. All who have arrived legally, or have had no choice in the matter, should have access to education and health care. Other benefits may for a time be diluted or deferred.
Liberal idealists may object to some or all of this. But if history is a guide, the backlashes that often follow periods of fast migration hurt would-be migrants, the migrants who have already arrived and liberal ideals more generally. Liberals must not make the perfect into the enemy of the good. In the long run, pluralist societies will accept more pluralism. In the short run, liberals risk undermining the cause of free movement if they push beyond the bounds of pragmatism.
The new social contract
OTTO VON BISMARCK—no one’s idea of a liberal—started Germany down the road to a welfare state in the 19th century. Trade unionists across the world fought for them in the 20th. Benito Mussolini built a fascist one. And James Wilson would have hated the idea. But from Lloyd George’s People’s Budget of 1909 to FDR’s New Deal in the 1930s to Ludwig Erhard’s soziale Marktwirtschaft in post-war West Germany, there was a distinctive liberal cast to the creation of modern welfare states. William Beveridge, the architect of the post-war British welfare state, was a liberal and Liberal politician. (He was also a trustee of The Economist.)
Some liberals, as well as most conservatives, grudgingly accepted these reforms as the lesser of two evils. By sharing the benefits of free enterprise more evenly welfare states could stave off the more radical, and damaging, redistributive promises of fascism and, for rather longer, socialism. But their creation was more than just a way to maintain the conditions in which liberalism could flourish. At their best and most liberal, welfare states cushion people from the rougher edges of capitalism while still putting a distinctive liberal stress on individual responsibility. They enhance freedom, enable free enterprise and bring about a broader embrace of progress. Or at least that is what their liberal creators believed—and what today’s liberals need to make sure of.
Giving governments responsibility for the education of the young, pensions for the old, financial support for the indigent, disabled and jobless, and health care for at least some, and occasionally all, required massive reforms, the details and ambition of which varied in different places. Since their creation, though, welfare states have changed rather little. Some countries have added benefits. America, even before Obamacare, was incrementally expanding the government’s role in health. Others, especially in Europe, have trimmed them: less generous assistance for the unemployed, extra conditions for welfare. But Beveridge would recognise today’s NHS, and FDR would recognise America’s unemployment insurance.
This is not because everyone is satisfied with the status quo. Conservatives contend that it dulls the edge of capitalism and the urge for self-betterment. Those on the left see it as a flimsy and patchy safety-net that needs expanding. Indeed, those countervailing stances go a long way towards explaining why social protection has changed remarkably little since the 1970s. The problem is that while welfare states have stood still, societies have not. And interventions originally intended to help people help themselves have not always done so.
Welfare systems and tax regimes have lagged behind a changing world
Far more women take paid work now than in the middle of the 20th century. Far more households are headed by a single parent. Jobs are much less likely to last for life, to start at nine or to end at five. People are more likely to have more than one at a time. Some of them like this, especially when one is a passion that the other subsidises. Others resent working at unpredictable hours for little money at the beck and call of more than one master. An OECD study suggests only 60% of the rich world’s workforce has stable employment. Most important, in terms of expense, health care is getting costlier and people are living much longer.
The system has tried to cope, especially with the bits that most drain the public purse. But the coping has been neither sufficient (increases in retirement age have not kept up with increases in life expectancy) nor popular (people, especially people likely to rely on state pensions, do not like having the retirement age raised). As for helping people to adapt to changes in the world of work, much too little has been done. The greatly increased need for parental leave and for some forms of child care has been scarcely addressed. Workers desperate for new skills see public investment in education overwhelmingly directed at the not-yet-employed. Meanwhile the interaction of tax policy and welfare system often makes jobs unreasonably unattractive. Nearly 40% of the jobless in the OECD see a marginal tax rate of more than 80% when they start work.
The failure of welfare systems to cushion the huge changes brought about largely by liberal policies—on destigmatising single parenthood as much as on trade—is one of the reasons people are a lot less likely than they once were to trust liberals offering to fix things. But things must be fixed. According to the OECD, the ratio of working-age to retired people across rich countries is set to fall from 4:1 in 2015 to 2:1 in 2050. Add on higher health-care costs and spending on the old will soar as the number of workers to sustain that spending plunges. If the failure to raise the retirement age significantly is expensive today, it will be ruinous tomorrow. And if workers are not made more productive, even the less-than-ruinous expenses will be hard to pay.
The erosive effects of robotisation and artificial intelligence on the world of work are debatable and frequently exaggerated. But though optimists think clever and more dexterous machines will make most of their human colleagues more productive, rather than redundant, they hardly see a return to the 20th-century world of copious lifelong jobs. The coming decades will further strain people’s ability to predict what skills they will need and how their careers will evolve.
This means that a liberal rethink of the welfare state starts with education. Thanks to earlier liberal reformers, who sought universal schooling in the 19th century and welcomed greatly expanded universities in the 20th, today’s states make their educational investments mostly in people from five or six to 20 or 21. This no longer makes much sense. Pre-school interventions, including many not specifically aimed at the classroom, do a lot more for the life chances of poor children than spending on universities does. And people can need training and further education a long time after their years of university and apprenticeship. There is a case for a big change in priorities here.
New approaches should lay less stress on existing institutions and more on helping people take down the barriers that stand in their way. The periodic “lifetime learning” credit that Singapore gives to all adults to pay for training is one way forward, but things need to go further, perhaps with lifetime vocational education taking the place of a year or so’s support at university.
Then there is the challenge of curbing the continuous rise in pension payments by focusing their benefits on the people who need them most. Better educated, more skilled people are working and living longer; the less affluent and skilled stop work earlier and tend to live less long. (In America they are seeing their life expectancy fall.) Pension policy should reflect this. It makes no sense for rich workers to begin drawing a state pension in their 60s. They do not need the support and their long lives mean that the state will end up paying out for years. There are people with better claims on that money.
The greatest potential for reform, however, lies in consolidating and reducing the distortions in the mass of other social-protection schemes—unemployment insurance, food stamps, welfare and so forth. In the past few years the idea of a “universal basic income” (UBI) that would be paid to all, with no strings attached, has generated a lot of debate, and significant support, both on the left and the right.
Right-wing UBI supporters like it because an unconditional payment does not affect people’s incentives to work; an extra job, or an extra hour at work, does not reduce benefits. They also see it as removing various distortions in today’s welfare states, slashing bureaucracy and government snooping. Supporters on the left are keen because they see UBIs as redistributive, egalitarian, welfare enhancing and liberating. Enthusiasm for UBIs has spawned pressure groups, public campaigns and randomised trials.
Many of the idea’s attributes appeal to liberals too. A UBI would reduce the state’s interference in people’s lives. But from the liberal point of view such gains must be set against two big disadvantages, one a matter of principle, one of practicality. The principle is that the 20th-century social contract from which the welfare state was born was that the state would help people help themselves, rather than just give them stuff: it should provide a safety-net, not a platform scattered with silk divans. Liberals tend to believe that people will be happiest if they can achieve self-reliance. And, in practical terms, UBIs would mean either eye-popping increases in tax or cuts in support for the genuinely needy, particularly in countries where welfare spending is already relatively targeted on the poor. In America a UBI of $10,000 a year would require a tax take of at least 33% of GDP—less than the level in many countries, but some $1.5trn more than the current 26%.
A more modest, but still radical, alternative is to replace today’s welfare schemes with an expanded commitment to guaranteeing minimum income through negative income taxes. First championed by Milton Friedman, such taxes mean that the state tops up the income of anyone earning less than a guaranteed minimum. Both Britain and America have tax credits to top up wages along these lines.
Because they avoid transfers to the rich, such schemes are inherently cheaper than UBIs. A great deal could be achieved by simultaneously overhauling payroll taxes (the form of tax that has the greatest impact on low-income earners) so that the path from receiving a top-up to paying taxes is much smoother, and perhaps by broadening the eligibility criteria for the negative tax. There are various forms of currently unpaid labour, most notably in caring, that some societies might wish to support in such a way.
This, though, is only the beginning of the reform needed. Like welfare systems, tax regimes have lagged behind a changing world. Indeed, reform has often gone the wrong way. Over the past 40-odd years taxes on capital have fallen, as have income taxes on high earners. That made sense, considering the heights which the top rates of those taxes reached. The benefits that accrue to society as a whole from investment and well-rewarded work required that taxes be reduced.
At the same time wealth taxes, particularly on property and inheritance, have been reduced or eliminated in many developed countries. As a result the share of tax revenue from property has stayed the same and that from capital has fallen, even as the value of property and the share of national incomes going to capital have soared. Outside America, value-added taxes have been imposed on consumption, producing a welcome increase in the tax system’s efficiency but also making it more regressive.
In the 21st-century economy these shifts should be reversed. Labour, particularly low-skilled labour, should be taxed less. Folding payroll and other employment taxes into the income-tax system would ease the squeeze for low-skilled workers. Shrinking the gap between taxes on capital and taxes on labour would counter the skew towards capital; and if capital investment were written off against corporation tax, this would not need to deter investment. Moderate inheritance taxes—a liberal invention, stemming in part from a healthy distrust of the concentration of wealth and power—should be maintained or reinstated, not least because they are fairly efficient. Loopholes used to avoid them should be tightened up. Property taxes should be reformed into land taxes. Taxes on carbon and other negative externalities, though not a universal panacea for the problems of climate change, would be a reform in the right direction, too.
This adds up to an agenda for reform much bigger than the tax-and-welfare tinkering seen over recent decades. In some ways these changes are likely to be politically harder than the reforms which built up the welfare state and the taxation systems which support it in the first place. It is easier to build from scratch than to attempt to change a huge and complex edifice on which millions rely, which millions resent, and which all have opinions on. And all this needs to happen in a world where the threat of socialism no longer scares conservatives into taking the liberal side.
But if liberal democracies are to continue to provide progress for their citizens they need a new form of welfare. And if they are to afford that welfare reform, they need a tax system that is both more efficient and better fitted to encouraging what society wants more of and discouraging what does it harm.
Similar arguments apply to the other great innovation of the post-second-world-war world: the international liberal order. It is necessary to preserve it; it is perhaps harder to preserve than to build; and there is no longer a socialist, or indeed communist, bogeyman that can serve to unite liberals with all others committed to private property and economic well-being. Indeed, there is what some might see as a state-led post-communist siren instead. It is to that challenge that we now turn.
A liberal world order to fight for
WERE a single document to mark the high-point of liberal-world-order hubris, it would surely be “The End of History?”, an essay written by Francis Fukuyama, an American academic, in 1989. Mr Fukuyama’s question, posed a couple of months before the fall of the Berlin Wall, was whether the world was seeing the “universalisation of Western liberal democracy as the final form of human government”. His answer was yes.
How extraordinary that seems in 2018. China, the world’s most successful economy over the past 30 years and likely to be its largest over the coming 30, is growing less liberal, not more, and its state-led, quasi-capitalist illiberalism is attracting admirers across the emerging world. In the Muslim world, and elsewhere, ties of sect and community, often reinforced by war and the fear of war, bind far tighter than those of liberal aspiration. On a measure of democracy made by the Economist Intelligence Unit, our sister organisation, more than half of the 167 countries surveyed in 2017 were slipping backwards. The backsliders include America, where the president seems to prefer dictators to democrats.
That is particularly worrying. America did more than any other nation to create and sustain the order Mr Fukuyama celebrated. In the 1940s it underwrote the Marshall plan and championed the creation of the IMF, the World Bank, the GATT and NATO. It cheered on the first moves towards European unity. Its armed forces contained liberalism’s greatest enemy, the Soviet Union. Its dollar underpinned the global economy. And because America was founded on liberal values, this Pax Americana espoused liberal values, even if it did not always live up to them.
Mr Fukuyama thought the end of the cold war would let the liberal internationalist project move beyond its reliance on American power. The prosperous examples of America, Europe, East Asia’s tiger economies and a Latin America abandoning military rule, along with a lack of alternatives, would bring the rest of the world on board. So it did, to some extent, for a while. But it was far from universal. And America has become an unhappy Atlas.
President Donald Trump’s rejection of the values underlying NATO and the WTO has been remarkable, his spurning of America’s role in maintaining them even more so. Yet his approach is not without precedent, or support. In 2002, the outrages of September 11th 2001 still fresh in their minds and hearts, only 30% of Americans agreed that “America should deal with its own problems and let other countries deal with theirs”. But long, painful wars in Afghanistan and Iraq have reinforced American scepticism about interventions abroad that cannot be pulled off quickly and do not seem vital to the national interest. By 2016, the idea of America dealing with its own problems and leaving the rest of the world to deal with theirs appealed to 57%. Younger people are astonishingly insouciant about revanchist Russia and ascendant China. Only one in two millennials think it is important for America to maintain its military superiority.
Liberal ideals are worthless unless backed by military power
It is possible that the next president could swing in the opposite direction, recognising the vital role its alliances play in American security, seeking to reform rather than vilify international institutions like the WTO and reinvigorating international co-operation on climate change—a grave threat to the world order which has been far less doughtily faced than that of communism. But it is unlikely. So is any notion of Europe and other democracies taking on the challenge. And even if either were to come about, China would still represent a daunting challenge. Xi Jinping’s determination to centralise power and to hold on to it indefinitely is a large part of that. But Mr Xi may represent a deeper shift: one made possible by the addition of digital technology to the apparatus of centralised authoritarianism.
Liberals have long believed that state control eventually collapses under its inefficiencies and the damage that the abuse of power does to systems that lend themselves to it. But the enthusiasm with which China has embraced digital living has given the Communist Party new tools for political control and responsive tyranny. Cyber-China may not have solved for all time the challenge of identifying and quashing opposition without stirring up more of it. But its efforts in that direction could last longer than hitherto imagined. It would be a foolish mistake to base an international order on the assumption that China will become more liberal any time soon.
Liberals also used to believe that autocracies might be capable of one-off bursts of innovation, like Sputnik, but could not produce technical progress reliably, year in year out. Yet in the past five years, Chinese tech firms have generated hundreds of billions of dollars of wealth. The protection afforded them by the Great Firewall and government policy is part of that success, but not all of it. China’s government is investing huge resources in tomorrow’s technologies while its new digital giants make full use of the vast amounts of data they have on Chinese needs, habits and desires.
Mr Xi sometimes stresses China’s commitment to peaceful, harmonious development. But he then speaks more ominously about “great-power diplomacy with Chinese characteristics”. On climate change, or indeed trade, China talks warmly of the rules-based global system. Yet it ignores international-court rulings against its militarised island-building in the South China Sea and blocks UN criticism of its abysmal record on human rights.
A reasonable forecast is that China will embrace international collaboration where it sees advantage in doing so and act unilaterally where its interests dictate. It will also devote some of its burgeoning technological capabilities to new ways of making war. If America continues on its current path it will do much the same. This will not make the two equivalent. Though China’s military capabilities will grow quickly, they will not match America’s. And it will always be easier and wiser for liberals to trust America to do the right thing in the end.
But if there is no clear international order, just big powers doing what they want, the world will get more of the same as Brazil, Indonesia, India, Nigeria and others increase in strength. Regional powers rubbing up against each other unconstrained; nuclear weapons; the destabilising effects of climate change: it might all work out for the best. But that is not the way to bet.
Getting a League of Nations right
Faced with this uncomfortable reality, 21st-century liberals must remember two lessons from the 20th. The failure of the League of Nations between the world wars showed that liberal ideals are worthless unless backed by the military power of determined nation states. The defeat of communism showed the strength of committed alliances.
Liberals should thus ensure that the states which protect their way of life are able to defend themselves decisively and, when necessary, to blunt the ambitions of others. America’s European and Asian allies should spend both more, and more wisely, on their arsenals and training their troops. Healthier existing alliances will ease the creation of new ones with countries that have reason to worry about China’s ambitions.
Military capabilities are crucial. Only with them firmly in hand can the most be made of the world’s many mechanisms for peace. In the cold war, the West and the Soviet Union had few economic links. The big economies of the 21st century are highly integrated. The gains to be reaped from working together to repair, reform and sustain the rules-based trade and economic system are huge.
In this spirit China’s ambitions to make the yuan an international currency should, in general, be welcomed—they will only serve to hasten its economic liberalisation. The new Asian infrastructure bank it supports is likely to prove a useful addition to international finance. Some of the “One Belt One Road” infrastructure with which it is forging links to the rest of Eurasia will be useful—though the West needs to keep an eye out for cryptic militarisation. A strong West can welcome China’s more forthright voice and increased influence, while limiting the threats that it poses.
The strength which serves that end cannot be purely military, or indeed purely economic. It must be a strength of values, too. At the moment, the West is in disarray on this front. Mr Trump has no values worth the name. European politicians are hard put to maintain liberal values at home, let alone stand up for them abroad. Nor do the leaders of India, South Africa, Brazil and the other big democracies of the developing world go out of their way to support abroad the values they espouse at home.
A decade ago the late John McCain proposed the idea of a “league of democracies”. Such a league’s members might champion liberal, democratic values and at the same time hold each other to account in such matters. It is an idea worth revisiting as a credible and useful alternative forum to the UN. The more clearly the people of liberal democracies can show that their countries work well, and work well together, the more secure they will feel, the more secure they will be and the more others will wish to join them. The world needs a vision of international relations which shores up, promulgates and defends liberal ideals. If liberal nations look only inward and give up either the power or the will to act, they will lose the moment, and perhaps their future.
A call to arms
OVER the past couple of years there has been a boom in gloomy books with titles such as “The Retreat of Western Liberalism” or “Has the West Lost It?”. Magazine articles routinely ask “Is Democracy Dying?” (Foreign Affairs and more recently the Atlantic) or “What’s killing liberalism?” (the Atlantic again). The cock-of-the-walk confidence with which liberals strode into the 21st century has given way to trembling self-doubt.
Good. A complacent liberal is a failing liberal. The crucial liberal reinventions at the turn of the 20th century, during the Depression, and in the stagnation and inflation of the 1970s were all accompanied by books in which liberals (and sometimes a few others) declared the creed to be in crisis, betrayed or dead. Such restless self-doubt spurred the adaptability that has proved liberalism’s greatest strength.
This essay has argued that liberalism needs an equally ambitious reinvention today. The social contract and geopolitical norms that underpin liberal democracies and the world order that sustains them were not built for this century. Geography and technology have produced new concentrations of economic power to tackle. The developed and the developing world alike need fresh ideas for the design of better welfare states and tax systems. The rights of people to move from one country to another need to be redefined. American apathy and China’s rise require a rethinking of the world order—not least because the huge gains that free trade has provided must be preserved.
The need for new thinking does not mean ignoring the lessons of history. The 21st century brings some challenges not seen before, most obviously and most worryingly climate change, but also the prospects of intrusive new technologies of the mind. But inequality of opportunity and the discontent it drives are not new. Nor is the unhealthy concentration of wealth and power. That is why it is worth dusting off 19th-century ideas, from vigorous competition policy to the taxation of land and inheritance.
Whether it was the Anti-Corn Law League, America’s Progressive movement, the architects of the Bretton Woods system or the free-marketeers who urged the taming of inflation and the rolling back of the state in the 1970s, liberal reformers at their best have shared a dissatisfaction with the status quo and a determination to attack established interests. That sense of urgency and boldness is missing now. Liberal reformers have become liberal insiders, satisfied beneficiaries of the world they have helped to build. Their setbacks provoke despondency and panic more than determination. They lack a motivator on a par with the fear (of socialism, fascism or communism) or the trauma of failure (the Depression, the world wars) that drove past reinventions. The threats of nationalism and authoritarianism, though grave and pressing, seem less acute. The success with which policymakers prevented the 2008 financial crisis from spiralling into a global depression added to the complacency and dulled the hunger for more radical reform—even though the mishandling of the crisis in Europe led to many of that continent’s current political problems.
Liberals need to shake themselves out of this torpor. And they need to persuade others of their ideas. All too often, in recent years, liberal reforms have been imposed by judges, by central banks and by unaccountable supranational organisations. Perhaps the best-founded part of today’s reaction against liberalism is the outrage people feel when its nostrums are imposed on them with condescending promises that they will be the better for it.
Liberals also need to look at the degree to which self-interest blunts their reforming zeal. The people who produce and promulgate liberal policy are pretty well enmeshed with the increasingly concentrated corporate elite. Its well-heeled baby-boomer bloc is happy to get pensions that economic logic says it should forgo. If there is a greater liberal stronghold than the international institutions which liberals need to reform, it is the universities that they need to reappraise, given the urgent need to support lifetime learning. Liberals have gained the most when they have taken on entrenched power. Now that means attacking both their current allies and their own prerogatives.
How do you kick-start a liberal reinvention? It may be necessary to up-end traditional party structures, much as Emmanuel Macron has already done in France. It may demand a new generation of politicians who cannot be blamed for the way things are and articulate better than today’s crop how things should be. But whoever leads, they and their followers need to be willing to test their ideas against others’ as forthrightly as possible.
That means free speech—a lot of it. And speech that is well informed and in good faith, too. But as autocrats gain clout, the room for free speech is shrinking. Only 13% of the world’s people live in a country with a truly free press, according to Freedom House. In America, Donald Trump’s pathological lying and constant attacks on the media as “enemies of the people” and “fake news” are taking their toll. But the fact-free world of paranoid fantasy that right-wing media provide for his followers is a bigger problem.
So is the echo chamber afforded by social media—even when they are not being manipulated by foreign powers. By reinforcing people’s biases, they cut off the competition ideas need if they are to improve. At the same time they discredit the compromise that democracy needs. They relentlessly encourage a focus on the identity politics that increasingly consume left-liberals, particularly in America, drawing attention away from the broad canvas of economic and political reform to the fine brush strokes of comparative victimology. Online as elsewhere, identity politics have obstructed robust debate and promoted soft censorship.
The Economist thus marks its 175th anniversary with wariness, with optimism and with purpose. Wariness because not enough people have grasped the scale and urgency of the reforms needed if the values and insights that underpin our founding creed are to flourish as they should. Optimism because those values are as relevant as ever.
Purpose because nothing serves liberalism better than “a severe contest between intelligence, which presses forward, and an unworthy, timid ignorance obstructing our progress”. James Wilson’s words are reprinted on the first page of his newspaper this week and every week. We start our second 175 years with a renewed determination to live up to them.
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Outcome Document finally available “Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”
With a delay of ten days, the UN has now published the final outcome document for the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to be officially adopted at the UN Summit on September 25-27, 2015 in New York. The Agenda sets out the aims of the organization and all its members for the coming 15 years in the fields of social development, curbing equalities, economic progress and environmental sustainability. If taken seriously, the 2030 Agenda will require profound changes in policies as well as governance and has the potential to shape debates in each and every country around the world.
Download the final version of the outcome document with letters by co-facilitators and the President of the General Assembly at
For more information on the process as well as issues, see https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015 | <urn:uuid:bbcab463-0ca9-4d1b-92e7-bdeb8dacdd72> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.globalpolicywatch.org/blog/2015/08/13/outcome-document-finally-available-transforming-our-world-the-2030-agenda-for-sustainable-development/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573667.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819100644-20220819130644-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.927325 | 185 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s sideswipes at Stephen Harper and Canadian resources at Davos on Wednesday were not merely unworthy, they were dumb. “My predecessor wanted you to know Canada for its resources,” said Trudeau during his less-than-sold-out speech. “I want you to know Canadians for their resourcefulness.”
Calgary Mayor Naheed Nenshi rightly took Trudeau to task, suggesting that one of the places that political resourcefulness is most needed is in supporting resource development, specifically new pipelines.
Any government so keen on infrastructure stimulus should be supporting the biggest potential domestic examples, but instead the Liberals are not merely continuing to peddle delusions of green jobs, they are facing a dysfunctional regulatory system for which their own posturing is partly responsible.
Of the four giant proposals to take oil from a deeply discounted and depressed Alberta, Keystone XL was killed in the name of President Obama’s climate legacy; Northern Gateway is moribund because of a Liberal government ban on tanker traffic; a twinning of the TransMountain system continues to come – literally – under siege at National Energy Board (NEB) hearings in Burnaby this week; and opponents are massing to stop Energy East.
A further barrier to pipeline shovel-readiness is the hard-line attitudes of B.C., Ontario and Quebec.
On Thursday, mayors from the Montreal Metropolitan Community, led by Montreal mayor Denis Coderre, decided, after “consultation” with a lot of radical environmentalists, that Energy East’s risks outweighed its economic benefits.
Brian Jean, Alberta Wildrose Party leader, tweeted “You can’t dump raw sewage, accept foreign tankers, benefit from equalization and then reject our pipelines.” But unfortunately, it seems, they can.
The Harper government certainly mishandled its attempts to streamline the regulatory process, but now the Liberals are discovering that they were far too quick to join the critics and promise reform of a system that, if broken, isn’t broken because it is too closed, but because it is too open.
Before he was elected, Trudeau promised a “new open process” which would include analysis of greenhouse gas emissions, a requirement the NEB has always considered beyond its mandate. Trudeau also suggested that the review of the proposed expansion of the TransMountain system needed to be “redone,” a position from which his government is now furiously backpedalling. This is not least because the Chinese, with whom Trudeau is so keen to do a trade deal, and who have thrown so much money at the oilsands, are very keen on at least one new pipeline to the West Coast.
The Conservative strategy — again perversely — undermined the credibility of the NEB, the institution charged with determining pipelines’ contribution to the public interest. Following the Harper reforms, the NEB — traditionally admired for world-scale regulatory competence — was portrayed as a lame duck or a lap dog.
However, having decried Harper’s new power to overrule NEB decisions, one of the first things the new Liberal government did was effectively to overrule an NEB decision! The NEB had given provisional approval to Enbridge’s Northern Gateway, subject to 209 conditions, including assurances of tanker safety. The Harper government had backed that decision, but the Trudeau Liberals effectively killed the project with their tanker ban (It is ironic that Enbridge was celebrated this week at Davos as among the world’s “most sustainable” companies in a cooked-up survey by Corporate Knights. Apparently being allowed to pursue your own line of business without harassment does not qualify as an attribute of sustainability, thus demonstrating just how nonsensical the non-concept is).
The recent decision of the B.C. government to turn down the TransMountain expansion on the basis of inadequate information over spill prevention again undermines the NEB. Then there is the recent decision of the B.C. Supreme Court that the province failed to consult with provincial aboriginals on the project.
In the opposite direction, TransCanada’s now-$15.7 billion Energy East project, which would carry Alberta oil for refining/export to Quebec and New Brunswick, is similarly faced by staunch environmental opposition, regulatory uncertainty and the blinkered anti-oil, what’s-in-it-for-us attitudes of Ontario and Quebec.
The man immediately responsible within the Trudeau government for “modernizing” the NEB is Natural Resources Minister Jim Carr, who has been making the kind of noises one might expect from somebody required to suck and blow at the same time.
Interviewed recently by Canadian Press, Carr delivered verbiage that reflected his impossible position. “We understand the importance of the moment… and I also understand the opportunity. So we’re working intensely and collaboratively across the government and we’re determined to get it right in a timely way… It’s important that we move as quickly as we can while being responsible — by ensuring that we’ve consulted with people who are part of the movement going forward to ensure that Canada is able to move its resources to market sustainably.”
Respected NEB head Peter Watson went on a cross-country charm offensive last year, but also made clear, like his predecessor, Gaetan Caron, that he didn’t believe every hearing should put Canada’s use of hydrocarbons on trial, which is the aim of serially litigious environmental groups such as ForestEthics Advocacy.
By promising to reverse the appropriate but clumsily-executed regulatory refinements of the Harper government, the Liberal government has put itself on the side of the NEB’s persecutors at the worst possible time. Meanwhile, alarm bells should ring over Trudeau’s suggestion in Davos that “We need infrastructure that supports change.” We should be particularly wary of building Roads to Green Serfdom instead of promoting pipelines to prosperity. | <urn:uuid:d07862de-e5f0-4c2f-9598-d3ffe727c781> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://business.financialpost.com/fp-comment/peter-foster-dumb-in-davos | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00330-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963218 | 1,244 | 1.53125 | 2 |
In celebration of International Dance Day, Dance Attacks is a series of dance actions held in different public spaces throughout Madrid. The performances, recorded and distributed through the social networks, create a set of brief choreographic actions and disruptions. Dance Attacks are seemingly spontaneous actions appearing out of the blue, in crowds, with pieces lasting no more than two or three minutes, in unexpected places.
Project participants include the Compañía Nacional de Danza, Ballet Nacional de España, 10 y 10, Ibérica de Danza, Chanta la Mui, Malucos Danza, with performances of short extracts from their choreographies
An initiative of the Association of Dance Professionals and the Cultural Association for Dance in Madrid.
12 a.m. Ibérica de Danza. 3 dancers
1 p.m. CND. 4 dancers
2 p.m. Malucos Danza. 3 musicians
6 p.m. Chanta la Mui. 1 percussionist
7 p.m. Selene Muñoz. 1 guitar | <urn:uuid:df8cb7b2-5de3-40ca-91d0-8b7033826fa3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.museoreinasofia.es/en/actividades/dance-attacks-museo-reina-sofia-0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.831757 | 223 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Deep-pocketed environmental groups are collecting millions of dollars from the federal agencies they regularly sue under a little-known federal law, and the government is not even keeping track of the payouts, according to two new studies.
Under the Equal Access to Justice Act (EAJA), which was signed into law by President Carter in 1980 to help the little guy stand up to federal agencies — litigants with modest means who successfully show government agencies wronged them can get their legal fees back from the taxpayer.
But the act also covers 501(c)(3) nonprofits, including environmental groups that aggressively sue the feds to enforce land-use laws, the Clean Water and Clean Air acts, and laws protecting endangered species. Their lawyers are getting reimbursed at rates as high as $750/hour.
“It was intended for helping our nation's veterans, seniors and small business owners, but environmental groups have hijacked the so-called Equal Access to Justice Act and abused it to fund their own agenda,” says Sen. John Barrasso, (R-WY). “Then you have small businesses and the American taxpayers left to foot the bill.”
To see the full article, click here. | <urn:uuid:6c352bd5-2592-4b38-a63b-06f04db4810d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.beefmagazine.com/environment/environmental-groups-collecting-millions-federal-agencies-they-sue | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.968867 | 247 | 2.453125 | 2 |
An investigation into geometric ratios of the sunken courtyards in traditional Iranian houses (a field study on Yazd and Kashan)
In Iranian architecture, the emphasis on the use of geometric ratios such as human scale and modularization, caused beauty and harmony. Unfortunately, in contemporary architecture, the use of these scales has been forgotten, and their presence has been diminished. Therefore, the main goal of the present study was to analyze and evaluate the geometry and proportions used in six remaining traditional Iranian sunken courtyards in Yazd and Kashan. For each house, the length, width, height and the ratio between these dimensions were measured for the sunken courtyard, courtyard and earth of the case studies. Then, to find out which kind of proportions were used in these sunken courtyards, we proposed some statistical tests to compare our measurements with the traditional proportions used. In the end, the results showed that the proportions used in the design of the sunken courtyard, courtyard, and earth of the case studies are related and the traditional Iranian sunken courtyards have been designed mostly based on the use of Gereh (a unit of measurement), which was the most appropriate and most widely used scale in housing architecture.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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Yuri Gagarin – level 2
In April 1961, the first man was in space. It was on Wednesday 12 April 1961 in the morning. It was 50 years ago. Yuri Gagarin started his way from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in today’s Kazakhstan.
He was preparing for many long months with 5 other men. They had to go through hard tests and training. From these 5 men the Soviet management chose Yuri Gagarin. His tests were very good but he also looked very good, he had good heart and his name Yuri was better for the management than names of other candidates.
He started his way at 9:07 in the morning. The name of his spaceship was Vostok 1. The flight was 1 hour and 48 minutes long. He flew 327 kilometres high. He flew once all around the planet. At that moment he was the most famous man in the world.
How to improve your English with News in Levels: | <urn:uuid:21f2dd61-3fcd-4045-953c-20dc10d7f7a2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.newsinlevels.com/news/yuri-gagarin-level-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00131-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.991968 | 199 | 2.828125 | 3 |
WATERTOWN >> DOOMED. Written across a satellite image on a Facebook page, that portentous word jumps out in bold red letters, accompanied by an arrow that points to a period house in a historic district that is to be demolished by its owner, The Taft School.
The warning on Florence T Crowell's Historic Watertown Connecticut Photo Gallery is part of the push-back against the private school's plan that prompted a protest Saturday afternoon in front of the North Street home.
"Taft has all the resources to refurbish it," said Charlie Crowell, a resident of Florida but native of Watertown who led the protest. Arguing against the status offered by Taft that the house is beyond repair--a condition the Historic District Commission agreed with--he added, "It sounds like a big job for you and me but for Taft it's just writing a check."
At the protest, which saw about 30 people gather on a cold early spring afternoon, the signs being held said it all: "History: Love It or Leave It But Don't Destroy It" and "Stop Taft From Destroying Our Past," among others.
In addressing the group, Mr. Crowell said any 19th-century house is worth preserving, particularly because of the negative precedent that would be set if this becomes the first house in the two-decade-old historic district to meet its demise.
"This house has history," he told the crowd. "The fact that George Washington never slept there is not a valid reason to tear it down."
Mr. Crowell is the son of the doyenne of the Watertown history Facebook page, who was once the town's historian and was instrumental in the 1990s in establishing the historic district that includes the house.
At the beginning of this month, the Historic District Commission unanimously voted to give Taft approval to raze the building in favor a constructing a new residence. No other town agencies found fault with the prep school's plan.
When asked about the vote, historic panel member Gary Swingle said, "It was teacher housing but the teachers moved out. The house is shot and nobody could move back in. It's functionally obsolete."
Mr. Swingle used to work in historic repair and reconstruction, and he sided with Taft's assessment that the seven-foot ceilings in the house would make an attempt to bring the structure up to code as part of a restoration very difficult.
On Saturday, the protestors focused on the big picture.
"The Historic District Commission is there so houses won't be destroyed," said Mr. Crowell. "A lot of people in the 1990s did a lot of work to create this."
Other protesters echoed fears about a possible "domino effect" in the historic district.
Nancy Van Deusen used to live in town with her husband, Hoby, but 10 years ago they moved to Lakeville. "Taft was a good neighbor but I think they made a mistake here," she said.
To the chagrin of the protesters, even town historian John Pillis gave his assent on Taft's plan, as did the Planning & Zoning Commission.
Stephen Bartkus, who sits on the board of the Watertown Historical Society, believes that despite the approvals, due diligence was not served in the process.
After the house's fate and criticism of it first came to light, Gil Thornfeldt, the business manager for Taft, detailed in an e-mail how the school has a long and strong record of preserving area properties of historic significance, and stressed that the school followed all the proper protocol in seeking approvals for a plan that it saw as the best result for the property.
"Working with a leading 'green' architect and after an engineering analysis, it became clear that renovating the house to be safe, beautiful and efficient would be all but impossible," Mr. Thornfeldt wrote. "Structural defects, problems in design and current condition were all factors in the decision."
Since its construction around the 1870s, the house has been renovated and at least one addition was attached, so the existing structure is not as originally planned by William Curtis, who once worked in the treasury department for the administration for President William Howard Taft, whose brother, Horace Dutton Taft, founded the prep school that bears his name.
Twenty years ago, a Christ Church-owned building known as the Academy was up for demolition, but a huge backlash kept prevented its demise. In was in the aftermath of that scare that Florence Crowell helped to establish the Historic District Commission.
When asked earlier this week how the commission she helped to create could vote to tear down the home, all she could say was "I can't figure out why."
Two members of the historic commission who were reached Ronald Mayne and Nancy Kinsella, declined to comment, with Mr. Mayne noting that he wasn't present at the meeting.
As the pressure mounted about the school's decision and the town approvals, Mr. Thornfeldt told The Litchfield County Times, "If somebody wants to take the house and move it away, we're fine with that."
But, he stressed, "If you saw the house from the inside you'd understand why we're doing this."
Mr. Crowell is not impressed with that assessment of the situation. At the end of the protest, which lasted about 40 minutes, some of the protesters marched down the road toward Taft. But it was so cold and windy that several others went home. | <urn:uuid:462ada50-1154-4a5a-8f89-ddb8aa8d200f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.registercitizen.com/general-news/20130324/opposition-to-taft-school-plan-to-raze-watertown-house-intensifies-2&template=printart | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00451-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976831 | 1,141 | 1.671875 | 2 |
A toilet museum opened up in Suwon, South Korea last year. Also called Haewoojae, or the Toilet Culture Exhibit Hall / Theme Park, the museum opened in July 2012 and the building it is located in is made in the shape of a toilet. The toilet house, which you may have noticed in our top 10 list of weird houses, was the brainchild of one Sim Jae-Duck, the man who founded the World Toilet Association. The oddly-shaped home, which cost about $1 million to build, was made to help spread awareness of toilet hygiene. The late Sim Jae-Duck was nicknamed Mr. Toilet, partly because he was born in one and partly because he ran a campaign to improve South Korea’s toilet systems.
Mr. Toilet’s surviving family members donated the home to the city on the condition that it becomes a toilet museum/theme park. The museum dedicates itself to bathroom culture around the world and the importance of this great invention, which dates back as far as 2800 B.C. The park, open from 10-6 daily (closed Mondays), features sculptures and exhibits, including art works (with toilet themes), a garden showing bronze figures in different squatting poses, and bathroom signs from different places around the world.
Sources: Haewoojae Official Site, Ripleys, BBC | <urn:uuid:e1e01ed9-dcc6-4ccb-9f2f-73528ce40119> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://oddculture.com/toilet-museum-south-korea/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.972688 | 282 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Therapists present unique treatments at national conferences
The physical therapists at Helen Hayes Hospital view each patient as a unique individual and focus on each patient’s specific needs. Some of our patients have extremely unusual situations. In these cases the therapist does a lot of problem solving.
One such patient arrived at Helen Hayes Hospital with a custom total knee replacement designed to allow “high flexion.” After researching the knee replacement design and its capabilities, the therapist worked with the patient to achieve his goal of sitting in the Lotus position, as was the custom in his culture. He was thrilled to sit on the floor in the Lotus position for his meditation. We were just as thrilled that he accomplished his goal!Teaching a family member to be a “therapy extender” is a new concept for manual therapy techniques.
Empowering the patient to control pain is an important goal of physical therapy. When the therapist performs a manual technique that provides short-term pain relief, it is a challenge for the therapist to teach the patient how to duplicate the effect at home. Teaching a family member to be a “therapy extender” is a new concept for manual therapy techniques. Individualized instruction and feedback is needed to insure a family member can perform the manual technique properly. A patient with a hip problem had a catching pain that could last several days. A specific manual technique relieved the pain immediately. After training and feedback the family member was able to duplicate the technique at home. The patient was very happy that whenever the catching pain occurred that it could be fixed that same day at home.
Physical therapists share new ideas and research at conferences and in journal publications. We were honored to have both of the above cases accepted as poster presentations at the physical therapy national conference, combined sections meeting. At this annual conference more than 10,000 physical therapy professionals from around the nation meet to share the latest research and best evidence for physical therapy practice. Research presentations range from case studies and clinical trials to meta-analysis. The case of achieving a cultural goal of sitting in the Lotus position was presented at the 2014 national conference and the success of teaching a family member to be a therapy extender at the 2015 national conference.
At Helen Hayes Hospital we are always striving to identify therapy that will help our patients achieve the highest level of function. And you can be sure that we will be at the next physical therapy conference sharing our ideas so other patients can benefit as well.
Marie Kelly, PT DHSc OCS
Unit Coordinator, Out-patient Orthopedic Physical Therapy | <urn:uuid:9c52e352-afa3-4fcd-98ff-c756b67e7b15> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://helenhayeshospital.org/innovative-outpatient-physical-therapy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.967162 | 522 | 1.875 | 2 |
The Most Needed Virtue (1 of 8) by J. Gerald Harris
This content is part of a series.The Most Needed Virtue (1 of 8)
Series: A Treasury of Virtues
Dr. J. Gerald Harris
The most needed virtue is love. The apostle Paul says that love "bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things. Love never fails" (I Corinthians 13:7-8). Even the secular world knows that the most needed virtue is love. In 1965 Burt Bacarach and Hal David wrote a song. It goes something like this: "What the world needs now is love, sweet love. It's the only thing there's just too little of."
Many years ago in England there was an orphanage where the superintendent ruled with an iron hand. He often exercised judgment without mercy and discipline without love. One day he noticed a little boy sticking a piece of paper through a knothole in the fence that circled the perimeter of the orphanage. Thinking that the boy was trying to communicate some derogatory message about the orphanage to the outside world, he grabbed the little boy, who was about 10 or 11 years old, by the ear and escorted him into his office. He demanded that one of his assistants go find the piece of paper.
The little boy stood trembling in the superintendent's office. Within minutes the assistant to the superintendent came with a crumpled piece of paper in his hand. As he spread the paper before him, he read the words in stunned silence: "To whom it may concern. I love you."
The little boy apparently was looking for someone who would receive his love and reciprocate. You see, there is one thing that every one of us needs. There is a need to love and to be loved.
So, as we look into our treasury of virtues today, we're going to look at this virtue of love. And may I say to you that all virtues are best illustrated in the life of the Lord Jesus Christ. Because, if you will remember, "Jesus Christ is the express image of the invisible God" and "God is love." So if you want to see love illustrated, look at the life of the Lord Jesus Christ.
And in our ...
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Sign up for a Free Trial with SermonSearch.com and download this sermon free today! | <urn:uuid:39c66a40-6e36-4225-9054-52ca8635b6ec> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.sermonsearch.com/sermon-outlines/19886/the-most-needed-virtue-1-of-8/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718957.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00435-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956577 | 511 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Which of the following statements is false regarding the consequences of the following maternal nutrient deficiencies during pregnancy?
Maternal zinc deficiency has no known consequences in adult offspring
The human body typically absorbs less than 20 % of the iron consumed in the diet
Blood is the only fluid tissue in the human body
Obsessive-compulsive, perfectionist, socially inhibited, compliant, and emotionally restrained describe personality traits of _________________
The electrolyte imbalances that are often seen with eating disorders can result in _________________________
Irregular heartbeat and heart failure
What nutrient is added to municipal water supplies to promote healthy teeth formation?
The Nutrition Services Incentive Program provides all of the following except
Coupons to use to purchase foods in the grocery store
All of the following are physiological changes that typically occur with aging except decreased
The cartilage that is located at the end of long bones that closes when growth ceases is called the ________________ plate
Hormones released during pregnancy constrict smooth muscle cells and increase the likelihood of developing heartburn
Why are newborn infants given a single injection of vitamin K?
The infant's intestinal bacteria are not yet able to synthesize vitamin K
Recommended weight gain during pregnancy is based on the ________________
Mother's weight before becoming pregnant
Which of the following is not a maternal benefit of breastfeeding?
Shortens the intervals between pregnancies
Macrocytic anemia results from a deficiency of __________________
Which of the following is not a risk factor for metabolic syndrome?
Low Trigylceride levels
Multivitamin/mineral supplements should never be recommended for preschoolers
An eating disorder is a psychiatric condition
Research suggests that there are lifelong consequences to any type of nutrient imbalance during pregnancy
All of the following statements are true except
All supplements sold in the U.S. must contain a U.S.P (U.S. Pharmacopoeia) symbol
Most of the members of the Caloric Restriction Society and the CRONies are males
The loss of the menstrual cycle among female athletes is a harmless, but common, side effect of intense training
At birth, baby Ramon weighs 8 pounds. If his growth and development are normal, what would you expect Ramon to weigh at his first birth?
A low birth weight infant is one that weighs less than __________ pounds
In the U.S. the federal government regulated school lunches
All of the following describe characteristics of the female athlete triad except
Which of the following is not associated with binge-eating disorder?
Existing evidence suggests that only 5% of obese people are successful at long-term weight loss
The negative impact of fetal exposure to malnutrition is worsened if followed by low nutrient intakes shortly after birth.
Children under the age of 1 should not be given cow's milk
Well planned vegetarian diets are appropriate for pregnant women
Which of the following is false concerning research conducted on subjects born during weather and war related famines in Africa?
Cardiovascular disease is now the second leading cause of death in adults
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Engaging in at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity can promote longevity
Antioxidant supplements are not necessary and may actually be harmful
The development of the ___________ system is particularly dependent on adequate consumption of fat during the toddler years
The RDA for __________ decreases with age
Growth acceleration in adolescence is primarily driven by
Diets rich in vitamin B6, folate and vitamin B12 are associated with reduced blood levels of the amino acid homocysteine
Because the absorption of dietary iron varies greatly, the RDA for iron is not adequate for most people
Which of the following is not an effective long term treatment for obesity?
Non heme iron is found in both animal and plant based foods
Without adequate vitamin K, blood does not clot properly and bleeding problems can develop
Fetal demand for iron is highest during the ___________
With the exception of ______________, most of a pregnant woman's nutrient needs can be met by consuming a nutrient dense diet
The point at which the ovum becomes fertilized by the sperm is ________________
The process by which a fetus's metabolism, hormone production, and other physiological processes shift in response to inadequate energy intake during pregnancy is called the __________________________ theory
All of the following are risk factors for Metabolic Syndrome except
Lower than normal bone density
Appoximately how long would a person's life be prolonged if he or she did not start consuming a Calorie Restricted diet until the age of 55 years?
Who is responsible for determining the safety and efficacy of any dietary supplement?
The manufacturer of the supplement
Sodium needs during pregnancy are the same as for a non pregnant adult woman
Once the placenta has formed, the fetus's and mother's blood supplies will co-circulate
Due to the additional losses via the menstrual cycle, adolescent girls require more iron than do adolescent boys
Adolescents need to consume four servings of dairy foods or calcium fortified products daily to obtain the necessary calcium intake
Currently, the best known treatment of eating disorders is
A team management approach
In the elderly a ___________ deficiency can lead to a decreased sense of taste and smell
The absorption of vitamin ___________ increases in older adults
Substances that lead to birth defects are called __________
The only thing that will cure ecalmpsia is ______________
Delivery of the infant
Obesity is not associated with an increased risk of
Type 1 diabetes
Which of the following best describes disordered eating?
General term that describes a variety of abnormal or atypical eating behaviors
Which of the following family characteristics is not associated with anorexia nervosa?
Angry and disruptive family environment
Iodine is natural found in many foods and beverages
The B-Complex vitamins provide a good source of energy for the body
For proper growth and development, toddlers should consume _________ percent of their total daily energy intake as fat
Federal guidelines in the U.S. specify that school lunches must contain no more than _______ percent of the total calories from saturated fat
Federal guidelines specify that school lunches must provide ___________ of the 1989 RDA's for protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, iron, calcium, and energy
During pregnancy it is difficult for many women to obtain adequate iron from diet alone
Some of the earliest research on the fetal origins theory took place in ________ adults
Frequent purging can result in rapid weight loss
Adiposity rebound occurs between the ages of 5 and _____ years
Parents should force their children to eat healthy foods to avoid obesity
The nutrient needs of a young boys and girls do not differ until about the age of 8 or 9 years
Obesity in children is defined as having a BMI at or above the ______ percentile
All of the following can contribute to chronic dehydration in elderly individuals except
Perspiration increases as we age
The offspring of mothers who experienced low pregnancy weight gain have an increased risk of obesity in adulthood
Which of the following is not a benefit of breastfeeding for the infant?
The fat in breast milk is difficult for the infant to digest
Why is it strongly recommended that infants not consume honey?
Honey contains spores of the bacterium Clostridium Botulinum
In which trimester of pregnancy is the fetus the most vulnerable to teratogens?
From the third month of pregnancy until birth the developing human is called a/n _________
The loss of tooth enamel seen in bulimia nervosa is due to the insufficient intake of calcium
Excessive vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy is associated with birth defects
Research studies indicate that consuming ____________ supplements can cause gastrointestinal upset
The energy needs of older adults are higher than those of younger adults
Maria is a 3 year old toddler and weighs 34 pounds. How many grams of protein should she consume each day?
What is a multifactorial disease?
A disease that has many different causes
Which of the following hormones is referred to as the let down hormone?
The stimulus that is needed for continued and sustained production of breast milk is
Which of the following birth defects has not been linked to maternal obesity?
Which of the following best explains why individuals with anorexia nervosa have an increased risk for developing osteoporosis?
Decreased estrogen production
It is advised that all women with HIV not breastfeed
During the first six months of lactation, the daily caloric needs of the mother increase by ________ calories as compared to prepregnancy levels
Which of the following foods would be the best source of dietary calcium for a young toddler?
Which of the following is not a recommendation to avoid allergies in children?
If a child has a negative reaction to a food, never offer it to that child again
Adolescent food patterns are strongly influenced by all of these except
If a toddler is overweight, a practical approach would be to place him or her on a low fat diet
Research has shown that there is no association between fetal exposure to famine and future risk of chronic disease.
Thiamin, consumed in excess, is toxic
Men are at a greater risk for iron deficiency than women
Which of the following will not help establish healthful eating habits in toddlers?
Use food as a reward for healthful behaviors
Metabolic effects of CR reported in several human studies include all of the following except
Increased energy expenditure
Due to oxidative stress, older adults need to increase their consumption of both vitamin C and vitamin E
Which of the following is not a symptom of preeclampsia?
Raw bean sprouts
Which of the following individuals may benefit from dietary supplementation?
People who eat a balanced diet
The loss of tooth enamel seen in bulimia nervosa is due to the insufficient intake of calcium
Which of the following enhances the absorption of iron?
Which of the following statements is false regarding calcium needs during pregnancy?
The extra demand for calcium during pregnancy has been shown to cause bone demineralization and increase the risk of future fractures
The leading cause of death among high school youths is __________________
Which of the following best describes the milk matters campaign?
Government campaign to encourage teens to consume more milk and dairy food
The inner portion of the zygote that implants in the uterine lining is called the __________
Which of the following is not a reason infants are at higher risk of dehydration than adults?
Infants have kidneys that produce highly concentrated urine
Which of the following fatty acids is critical to fetal brain and eye development?
High zinc intakes can inhibit the absorption of copper
What are dental caries?
The let down hormone, oxytocin is activated by the stress response
All of the following are characteristics of adolescent eating habits except
Regular consumption of three meals per day
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all breastfed infants be given a ________________ supplement to decrease the risk of developing rickets
Inadequate intakes of ____________ during pregnancy are associated with neural tube defects in the fetus
Which of the following is not a risk in the offspring of women who smoke during pregnancy?
Taking megadoses of beta carotene while pregnant is associated with birth defects in the infant
Which of the following best explains why adolescents are more vulnerable to the unrealistic media images of the perfect body than are adults?
Adolescents are developing their personal identity
Which of the following does not describe a characteristic associated with muscle dysmorphia?
Purging by the use of laxative and/or vomiting at least two times a day
Which of the following is associated with the premature closure of the epiphyseal plate?
Reduced Activity Level
A dietary supplement would not contain
Which of the following psychiatric disorders causes the most deaths among women?
Poor maternal intake of calcium increases the risk of ____________ in the adult offspring
If a pregnant woman is overweight, she should restrict her caloric intake and attempt to lose some weight before delivery
Rich dietary sources of DHA include ____________________
Mackerel and Salmon
Snacking between meals is developmentally and nutritionally appropriate for toddlers
Which of the following is not related to the increased iron needs in adolescence?
Iron utilization slows down
As compared to infancy, growth rates increase during the preschool years
High intake of fiber may be harmful in young children, as it may interfere with the absorption of nutrients
Research has clearly shown that the media's portrayal of body image is a direct cause of eating disorders | <urn:uuid:bc78f3a2-d321-423b-8557-96ace95b22af> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://quizlet.com/11366820/nutritional-science-4-flash-cards/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00347-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.931248 | 2,586 | 2.453125 | 2 |
Re: Ear bleeding: unexplained
This whole episode is really kind of bizarre.did this bleeding actually come from deep INSIDE the ear.like it just kind of drained out or something?was this bright red blood or did it look kind of like 'watered down"?to have spontaneous bleeding from anywhere without any sort of trauma could indicate any number of medical problems,especially when it comes out of your ear like that.this really DOES need to be looked into a bit further to find the actual reason for this type of a sudden bleed.I think your doc was so clueless as to why this was happening that he did not want to admit that he did not have a clue so he brushed you off with some totally uneeded anti Bs.your pharmasict was right in questioning this docs Rxing practices,really.just because I don't know,I will throw some anti biotics at it.way to go doc!please see another doc about this.This would in no way be considered 'normal" to just have happen like it did and does need further evaluation possibly by a good ear nose and throat doc,or ENT specialist.really,I would not just blow this off.it does need to be looked into.If I suddenly started bleeding from any part of my body for no good reason,you can bet I would be demanding answers from someone,and soon.Please get this checked out and then let us know what you find out.this is not normal.**
11-20-01,placement of hardware for failed fusion
9-22-03,removal of cavernous hemangioma that was inside spinal cord. Neuro damage to L hand L leg and R leg. | <urn:uuid:6975e905-e21e-4b0a-b8f7-69d8a935e584> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.healthboards.com/boards/general-health/354559-ear-bleeding-unexplained.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281331.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00217-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959011 | 348 | 1.539063 | 2 |
The plain in Babylon where Nebuchadnezzar set up his golden image. Da 3:1.
the circle, the plain near Babylon in which Nebuchadnezzar set up a golden image, mentioned in Da 3:1. The place still retains its ancient name. On one of its many mounds the pedestal of what must have been a colossal statue has been found. It has been supposed to be that of the golden image.
Now Duair, S.E. of Babil (Da 3:1). Oppert found there the pedestal of a colossal statue.
Plain in the province of Babylon, where Nebuchadnezzar's golden image was set up. Da 3:1. Perhaps the same as Duair, S.E. of Babylon.
(a circle), the plain where Nebuchadnezzar set up the golden image,
has been sometimes identified with a tract a little below Tekrit, on the left bank of the Tigris, where the name Dur is still found. M. Oppert places the plain (or, as he calls it, the "valley") of Dura to the southeast of Babylon, in the vicinity of the mound of Dowair or Duair, where was found the pedestal of a huge statue. | <urn:uuid:17b75bdb-8a98-4cd3-9ff6-7f14fa81262c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bible.knowing-jesus.com/references/Dura | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570793.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808092125-20220808122125-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.939647 | 296 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Fishkill in Dutchess County, New York — The American Northeast (Mid-Atlantic)
back of this stone
stood three batteries
guarding this pass
1776 – 1783
Daughters American Revolution
Erected 1902 by Daughters of the American Revolution - Melzingah Chapter.
Marker series. This marker is included in the Daughters of the American Revolution marker series.
Location. 41° 29.653′ N, 73° 54.017′ W. Marker is in Fishkill, New York, in Dutchess County. Marker is on Albany Post Road (U.S. 9), on the left when traveling north. Click for map. Marker is located a short distance north of the Putnam-Dutchess border. Marker is in this post office area: Fishkill NY 12524, United States of America.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within 2 miles of this marker, measured as the crow flies. Battery (here, next to this marker); Veterans of the Fishkill Supply Depot (approx. 1.9 miles away); Van Wyck Homestead (approx. 2 miles away); Great Indian Warrior Trading Path (approx. 2.1 miles away); Revolutionary War Dead (approx. 2.1 miles away); The Path to Victory Continental Army Crossroads (approx. 2.1 miles away); Van Wyck Homestead Museum (approx. 2.1 miles away). Click for a list of all markers in Fishkill.
Categories. • War, US Revolutionary •
Credits. This page originally submitted on , by Bill Coughlin of North Arlington, New Jersey. This page has been viewed 357 times since then and 2 times this year. Photos: 1, 2, 3. submitted on , by Bill Coughlin of North Arlington, New Jersey. This page was last revised on June 16, 2016. | <urn:uuid:ea9b21d2-ab25-4bd7-923e-522a7333914b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=44450 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00327-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.904019 | 399 | 2.21875 | 2 |
L/S of a World War I tank travelling up an earthy ridge in a demonstration area; M/S as the tank comes over the top of the ridge and comes to a halt; two carrier pigeons are released from tank as commentator explains they were used to relay information from tanks in the First World War.
Various shots of other tanks travelling over the earthy terrain: a Conqueror, a Ferret Mark II (scout car), a Centurion tank, a Saladin armoured car.
L/S of a bridge being lowered into place as commentator tells us this is a display by the Royal Armoured Corps. More shots of tanks moving over the demonstration ground; intercut with M/Ss of young boys and officers (Royal Armoured Corps?) watching.
The bridge we saw being lowered is in put into position and a Centurion tank crosses it. M/Ss of the young boys running towards one of the stationary tanks to look at it and climb on it. M/S of one of the soldiers explaining to a group of boys how the gun on the tank works; L/S of several tanks and army trucks with boys climbing over them and talking to the soldiers.
Note: print used for telecine transfer is badly scratched; mute neg missing for this story. On file is a pamphlet on the RAC demonstration. | <urn:uuid:b4117d03-32f8-4dd9-883f-d943750d3ead> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.britishpathe.com/video/tanks-in-action | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00049-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943433 | 276 | 2.765625 | 3 |
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Within the Côtes de Provence, the Sainte Victoire designated area brings out the potential of a Prime Wine Terroir. The unique combination of soil and climate has an important impact on the personality of the wines.
The strata are lime stones of the secondary Cretaceous and Jurassic. The superficial cover of the soil is made of cobbles washed down from the Sainte Victoire Mountain. The soil is made of 60% pebbles and 40% clay. This poor, well-drained terroir favors low-yield resulting in intensely flavoured and structured wines.
It has the characteristics of a Mediterranean climate:
– Hot and dry summers, mild winters
– Heavy rainfall over a few days in autumn and spring
– A dry wind, the Mistral, which has positive effects on the vines health
– Abundant sunshine.
But the Sainte Victoire area benefits from a different climate from other areas of Provence. The Sainte Victoire Mountain on one side and the Sainte Baume range on the other create a natural barrier reducing rainfall and the maritime influence. Therefore creating a micro-climate closer to the continental climate with a lower amount of rain and the greatest variation in temperature in Provence.
The specific Terroir of the Sainte Victoire has an important impact on the personality of the wines. In order to enhance the expression of the Terroir, we have a strict wine making process:
1. A selection of the best plots marked by limestone.
2. Well-suited grape varieties with a focus on Syrah and Grenache.
3. A lower yield than the Côtes de Provence.
4. A final tasting which grants the AOP Sainte Victoire if the quality is high enough. | <urn:uuid:5c0d9260-f10c-45d9-8e38-47f7740b8919> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.masdecadenet.fr/index.php/en/the-sainte-victoire-terroir/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.884661 | 403 | 1.945313 | 2 |
The Los Angeles hotel sector immediately voiced opposition to the proposed wage hike, saying it unfairly singles out one industry for mandatory pay rises and that some hotels would probably scale back operations or the number of workers they hire.
Los Angeles law requires the economic consequences of such a proposal to undergo a review by the city's legislative analyst before a formal ordinance can be drafted.
Three council members — Mike Bonin, Nury Martinez and Curren Price, representing the city's affluent Westside, the San Fernando Valley and downtown, respectively — introduced a motion on calling for a study of the issue.
They pointed to city Economic Development Department findings that 43 percent of hotel workers in Los Angeles earn wages that leave them far below the federal poverty line, which has been a drag on the city's economic recovery.
According to Economic Policy Institute research cited by living-wage backers, Los Angeles stands to gain more than $70 million in economic activity from raising the pay of hotel workers, giving them more disposable income to spend.
"Study after study tells us that poverty, unemployment, and income disparity are plaguing Los Angeles," said Price, who chairs the Economic Development Committee, which will vote next week on the motion for a study.
"The folks who are going to be earning these additional wages aren't going to be investing them on Wall Street," Price said. "They're going to be getting groceries and shoes and furniture, their tires repaired."
He and other sponsors also argued that public investment in tourist attractions such as Hollywood Boulevard, Venice Beach and the Convention Center, as well as in transportation infrastructure, has benefited hotel owners.
According to their motion, L.A.'s hospitality industry has posted three consecutive years of growth, with an occupancy rate topping 75 percent, well above the national average of 62 percent, and a "revenue per room available" rate of $100 — a 12-year high.
"Unfortunately, too many hotel workers have been left behind, especially women that are the majority of hotel housekeepers," Martinez said.
Bob Amano, executive director of the Hotel Association of Los Angeles, said the move to raise hotels' minimum wage citywide reneges on an understanding reached in 2007, when a living wage measure was adopted for workers in hotels in the immediate vicinity of Los Angeles International Airport.
Those workers are now paid a minimum of $15.37 an hour, the basis of the wage floor now proposed citywide by Bonin, Martinez and Price.
But Amano said the industry was led to believe then that the higher minimum rate for LAX-area hotel workers would not be expanded citywide except under stringent conditions that he argued have not been met. Those include showing that hotels elsewhere have benefited from the same level of public investment as those in the LAX corridor.
Reuters and Al Jazeera | <urn:uuid:5586e1e8-775f-42c4-bdb9-ba049ff451fe> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/2/19/push-to-boost-wagesatbiglahotels.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00514-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959251 | 573 | 1.804688 | 2 |
The Newcomer's Dictionary by Joyce Agee
The Newcomer’s Dictionary is an A to Z of words that explore aspects of relocating. Whether you have moved or are considering a move, this dictionary will help to identify and describe the experience of being a newcomer.
Filtered through Joyce Agee’s memories and illustrated by her sister, Ellen Agee, this book identifies the often hidden and complex feelings that can be experienced by newcomers – whether first-time,
seasoned or expatriate – as they relocate to a new suburb, city or country.
Now an Australian citizen, in writing this book Joyce has brought together the experiences of a nomadic expat with those of a newcomer child. She reflects on how her life has been impacted
by the family’s frequent moves while she was growing up. Books, television programs and films were to become an emotional lifeline for the two sisters, giving them a sense of stability and continuity
when everything else around them was constantly changing.
The Newcomer’s Dictionary also explores how language, which evolves over time and across cultures, influences our perception of newcomers. It describes the newcomer identity, experiences
and emotions – above all the feelings of being an outsider and the need to belong.
Subscribe to our newsletter to get all the latest releases, news and views from Springtime Books | <urn:uuid:c87223f7-e02b-4c4c-8b7e-84efd74d77a0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.springtimebooks.com/springtime-news/the-newcomers-dictionary-out-now | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.949117 | 295 | 2.890625 | 3 |
Fritidsresor Under Pressure (A)
When a tsunami hit Southeast Asia on December 26, 2004, the leadership team at a Swedish tour company must manage a devastating crisis affecting thousands of its customers and employees in Thailand. Documents the challenges the company faced in the first ten hours of the crisis. Amid the uncertainty of those first hours, the leadership team must make a range of decisions to orchestrate the company's response and manage the rest of its business. Describes the chaotic environment of a crisis, especially when the normal course of business is interrupted, and puts students in the shoes of a range of managers, each having to make decisions on his/her own, while coordinating with one another to enable the company to respond effectively.
- 2006 HBS
Choosing a Book Format
EPUB is the standard publishing format used by many e-book readers including iBooks, Easy Reader, VoiceDream Reader, etc. This is the most popular and widely used format.
DAISY format is used by GoRead, Read2Go and most Kurzweil devices.
Audio (MP3) format is used by audio only devices, such as iPod.
Braille format is used by Braille output devices.
DAISY Audio format works on DAISY compatible players such as Victor Reader Stream.
Accessible Word format can be unzipped and opened in any tool that supports .docx files. | <urn:uuid:a8db17c3-2fff-4abf-9f32-deeb91baa3d9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://india.bookshare.org/hi/bookshare/book/1322808 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.89459 | 311 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Distinct expression patterns of the subunits of the CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex during neural development.
The stability of mRNA influences the dynamics of gene expression. The mammalian CCR4-NOT complex is associated with deadenylase activity, which shortens the mRNA poly(A) tail and thereby contributes to destabilization of mRNAs. The complex consists of at least nine subunits and predominantly forms a 2.0MDa protein complex in HeLa cells. Accumulating evidence suggests that the CCR4-NOT complex is involved in cell growth and survival; however, the regulatory mechanisms of its biological activity remain obscure. Here, we analyzed the expression levels of the subunits of the CCR4-NOT complex in various mouse tissues and found that they showed distinct expression patterns. CNOT6, 6L, 7, and 10 were expressed nearly ubiquitously, whereas others were expressed in tissue-specific manners, such as those displaying especially high expression in the brain. Furthermore, CNOT2, 3, 6, and 8 were rapidly downregulated during differentiation of neural stem cells. These findings suggest that subunit composition of the CCR4-NOT complex differs among tissues and is altered during neural development, thereby imparting an additional layer of specificity in the control of gene expression.
Pubmed ID: 21741365 RIS Download
Animals | Cell Line | Mice | Mice, Mutant Strains | Multienzyme Complexes | Neural Stem Cells | Neurogenesis | Protein Subunits | RNA Stability | Rats | Rats, Wistar | Ribonucleases | Tissue Distribution | Transcription Factors | <urn:uuid:470b502d-c1cb-410c-a0aa-de1690bd6224> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://scicrunch.org/21741365/resource/nif-0000-34000 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280242.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00082-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935815 | 335 | 2.203125 | 2 |
A really great bunch of Edtech women have done a lot of work with very little visibility from which femedtech is emerging – slowly. We have created connections with each other and explored how we can make space for people in education and technology to support each other.
from Pocket http://ift.tt/2ov4ELd
I’m deleting all my old tweets. I’m deleting all my old tweets and will delete them on an ongoing basis – every tweet older than three months.
from Pocket http://ift.tt/2nOhKzY
This blog post by Audrey Watters caught my eye after seeing her Edinburgh talk and it really brought home just how serious people are beginning to take having their data out on the open web. The reason for the deletion activity given by Audrey is:
I am growing increasingly uncomfortable about the way in which our historical data is weaponized online. Tweets are particularly susceptible to this – they’re particularly easy to decontextualize.
This is a perfect example of the necessity of context and made me wonder how all of the items in my Lifestream would look in isolation.
Petar will introduce the tradition of critical pedagogy through three generations, starting with the work of Freire, then writers such as Giroux and McLaren, and finally considering the latest generation of contemporary authors.
from Pocket http://ift.tt/2nvjs7K
One of the most common tropes in Edtech portrays teachers as fearful of technology and out of touch with the new 21st Century reality. When educators have concerns about technology, they are are dismissed as being “primarily emotional, not logical.”
from Pocket http://ift.tt/2nqaV96
from Pocket http://ift.tt/2mBsKmW
from Pocket http://ift.tt/2nJ6Afx
I really enjoy creating these visual representations of social networks – I try to focus on the connections and not the ‘top’ quantitative data. Knowing that the software is open and free for all to use also highlights the community feel to the process and Martin Hawksey, the creator, always welcomes interaction. A true example of online community.
Last week I attended the Holyrood Connect Learning Through Technology event where I saw a rather jawdropping demonstration of the very best and very worst that education technology has to offer.
from Pocket http://ift.tt/1S4SgUO
I posted this blog post in the Tweetorial as well as embedding it here as it highlights the grave need to call out software providers to consider the ethics around people’s data and stop privileging the surveillance as a selling point. It is yet again a ‘because we can’ function and Lorna Campbell demonstrates that the voice of reason may be a small voice in the dark. This all seems to resonate with the general direction of our discussions this week and the reality of a surveillance society, framed to us a method of keeping us safe.
Two Microsoft researchers may have blown the lid off a secret, or at least an assumption, that most of us have about artificial intelligence (AI), with serious repercussions for how we think about this emerging technology and its use in everyday life.
from Pocket http://ift.tt/2js38DH
Algorithms are the powerful mathematical tools which shape so much of modern life, from the news which appears in our timelines to the adverts which pop up on our computer.
from Pocket http://ift.tt/2mPAq3l
This short excerpt from the BBC considers large scale data driven algorithms as a parallel with legal systems in that there is no perfect solution and it is a system of smaller parts coming together as one.
Considers the concept of ‘algorithmic discrimination’ and refers to the Microsoft Tay (bot) taken offline after only 16 hours due to rasicist output.
It was a warm, breezy Saturday morning in Melbourne, two years ago. Michael Fowler had just shut down his laptop after spending a few hours checking up on his business.
from Pocket http://ift.tt/1LmKPL4
Every time a student interacts with their university – be that going to the library, logging into their virtual learning environment or submitting assessments online – they leave behind a digital footprint. Learning analytics is the process of using this data to improve learning and teaching.
from Pocket http://ift.tt/1SDGa6m
What is Learning Analytics? Learning Analytics is the process of measuring and collecting data about learners and learning with the aim of improving teaching and learning practice through analysis of the data
from Pocket http://ift.tt/2lUEC3b
from Pocket http://ift.tt/2mbK4Kb
Producing a blockbuster video game — so-called “AAA” titles such as Call of Duty or Uncharted — is an expensive and labour-intensive process. (Bungie’s Destiny, released in 2014, cost an estimated $500 million [£323m] to develop.
from Pocket http://ift.tt/2mtJzyw
from Pocket http://ift.tt/1n9Q1IA | <urn:uuid:90becbf3-63f7-4810-b729-6668e3710ecb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://edc17.education.ed.ac.uk/cthomson/tag/pocket/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.91261 | 1,348 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Psychology researchers received NSERC funding to support their research on infant development, human attention, and plasticity in the brain.
The funding comes from the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Discovery Grant Program, which is investing almost $500 million in science and engineering in Canada.
NSERC’s Discovery Grants are awarded to researchers in a variety of disciplines with long-term goals and to early-career researchers with strong potential to become international leaders in their field.
“Discovery is the foundation of all advancements. Through this major investment in some of Canada's most promising and innovative researchers we are supporting scientists and students to become global leaders in their field. By helping to expand the frontiers of science, we are investing in a better society and a brighter future for Canadians.”
The following UBC Psychology researchers received the funding in 2022.
Dr. Lauren Emberson received $44,000 from the Discovery Grant and $12,500 from the Discovery Launch Supplement for her work in the Development of the large-scale neural networks in infancy.
Dr. Kiley Hamlin received $55,000 from the Discovery Grant for her work: Is mentalizing for social evaluation? Studies with human infants.
Dr. Alan Kingstone received $96,000 from the Discovery Grant for his work in the components of human attention.
Dr. Jason Snyder also received the Discovery Grant totaling $47,000 for his work in neuronal turnover and plasticity in the hippocampal dentate gyrus.
A huge congratulations to our faculty members who received this funding to advance their research. | <urn:uuid:5c84101d-96b6-49c2-ada9-84e8af66554b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://psych.ubc.ca/news/four-ubc-psychology-faculty-receive-national-funding-to-support-their-research/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.958017 | 326 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Sweeten your day with Michigan maple syrup
March means its maple syrup season in Michigan.
As the days get warmer, maple tree sap starts to flow and producers around Michigan capture the liquid to make maple syrup. It takes approximately 40 gallons of maple sap to produce just one gallon of maple syrup. Over the course of the short season, Michigan produces 90,000 gallons of finished maple syrup. In fact, Michigan ranks fifth in the nation for maple syrup production. The length of maple syrup season depends on the weather and the pattern of freezing and thawing from night to day.
How do you make sure you buy the real stuff? Most pancake syrups that you find at the store may contain very little to no actual maple syrup, so be sure to read the label. You will notice a distinct taste difference between 100 percent pure maple syrup and pancake syrup. Choose grade A syrup to use directly on food and grade B for cooking. Don’t forget that maple syrup is a sweet treat; one tablespoon of maple syrup has about 50 calories and is approximately 67 percent sugar. Diabetics and others who are limiting their sugar intake need to treat maple syrup as they do other sugar products.
The refrigerator is the best place to keep pure maple syrup, even if it the bottle is still unopened. Maple syrup in glass containers will keep for up to one year. Use syrup in plastic containers within three to six months. If you can’t use your syrup that quickly, freeze it in a freezable glass jar leaving one inch of head space.
Michigan Fresh helps people explore the state’s bounty of fresh, locally grown fruits, vegetables, meats and more. Find the Maple Syrup factsheet plus much more information on the Michigan Fresh website. You can also find and follow Michigan Fresh on Facebook, Pinterest and Instagram.
MSU Extension’s Community Food Systems Work Team supports the development of local food systems in Michigan. For more information connect with your local community food systems educator by visiting the expert page or calling 1-888-678-3464. | <urn:uuid:ef5853ce-3565-404b-a0fa-b80d5c0db6c6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://msue.anr.msu.edu/news/sweeten_your_day_with_michigan_maple_syrup | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00348-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.915599 | 425 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Reaction: cyclohexanone + acceptor = cyclohex-2-enone + reduced acceptor
Other name(s): cyclohexanone:(acceptor) 2-oxidoreductase
Systematic name: cyclohexanone:acceptor 2-oxidoreductase
Comments: 2,6-Dichloroindophenol can act as acceptor. The corresponding ketones of cyclopentane and cycloheptane cannot act as donors.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 123516-43-8
1. Dangel, W., Tschech, A. and Fuchs, G. Enzyme reactions involved in anaerobic cyclohexanol metabolism by a denitrifying Pseudomonas species. Arch. Microbiol. 152 (1989) 273-279. [PMID: 2505723] | <urn:uuid:e4bdc5db-7149-4d81-9187-206e630f8126> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/EC1/3/99/14.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00273-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.685866 | 205 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Nocturnal enuresis is the medical term for bedwetting. Most children wet the bed occasionally or even nightly during the potty-training years. In fact, it is estimated that seven million children in the United States wet their beds on a regular basis. Controlling bladder function during sleep is usually the last stage of potty-training. In others words, it is normal for children to wet the bed while sleeping during that learning process. Bedwetting is typically not even considered to be a problem until after age 7.
Bedwetting in children is often simply a result of immaturity. The age at which children become able to control their bladders during sleep is variable. Bladder control is a complex process that involves coordinated action of the muscles, nerves, spinal cord and brain. In this case, the problem will resolve in time. On the other hand, it may be an indication of an underlying medical condition, such as obstruction of the urinary tract. If bedwetting persists beyond the age of 6 or 7, you should consult your pediatrician.
There are both primary and secondary forms of bedwetting. With primary bedwetting, the child has never had nighttime control over urination. The secondary form is less common and refers to bedwetting that occurs after the child has been dry during sleep for 6 or more months. Secondary bedwetting may be caused by psychological stress but may be the result of an underlying medical condition such as constipation or urinary tract obstruction. With secondary bedwetting, contact your doctor for an evaluation.
Bedwetting refers to involuntary urination during sleep in children over the age of 5. Bedwetting may occur at any point during the night but usually occurs during the first few hours of sleep. Occasional bedwetting for children over the age of 5 is not uncommon but if it happens more often than 2-3 times per month, parents should consult their pediatrician.
Because bedwetting tends to happen during the first few hours of sleep, a good method of preventing it is to make sure that your child goes to the bathroom | <urn:uuid:6512ab68-eff6-4d2f-b183-82063154e7ec> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://sleepfoundation.org/sleep-disorders-problems/bedwetting-and-sleep | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00015-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973238 | 429 | 3.421875 | 3 |
Beijing fiercely denies it. Much of the world ignores it. But according to analysts and officials, the communist-controlled People’s Republic of China operates the single largest intelligence-gathering apparatus in the world—and its growing appetite for secrets has apparently become insatiable.
From economic and military espionage to keeping tabs on exiled dissidents, China’s global spying operations are rapidly expanding. And, therefore, so is the threat. Some analysts even argue the regime—which is also gobbling up such key natural resources as farmland, energy, and minerals—has an eye on dominating the world.
Estimates on the number of spies and agents employed by the communist state vary widely. According to public statements by French author and investigative journalist Roger Faligot, who has written several books about the regime’s security services, there are around two million Chinese working directly or indirectly for China’s intelligence apparatus.Enjoying this article? Click here to subscribe for full access. Just $5 a month.
Other analysts say it would be impossible to count the exact number. ‘I doubt they know themselves,’ says Richard Fisher, a senior fellow on Asian military affairs at the Washington-based International Assessment and Strategy Center. Regardless, the number is undoubtedly extraordinary. ‘China can rightly claim to have the world’s largest, most amorphous, but also most active intelligence sector,’ he says.
That’s partly because it operates very differently from most. ‘When you consider that China’s intelligence community views any foreign-deployed Chinese citizen, any Chinese delegation, all Chinese criminal networks, and all overseas Chinese with any tangible affinity or connection to the Motherland as a target for recruitment, then you have to find a different way to measure,’ Fisher explains. ‘This has to start with the consideration that any Chinese, especially those from China, from student to CEO, are potential active intelligence assets.’
Other analysts echo his concerns, and a simple fact: the regime’s spies are increasingly active across the globe. Since 2008, more and more intelligence-training colleges—‘spy schools’—have been popping up at universities across the country. Meanwhile, Chinese satellite-reconnaissance and cyber espionage capabilities are expanding at an unprecedented speed.
Officials are, probably for good reason, skittish when discussing China and its intelligence collection operations. But there’s near unanimous agreement—and court convictions in countries around the globe support the premise—that, in terms of sophistication, scope, and international capabilities, the perils of Chinese espionage are on the rise.
‘The danger is pronounced,’ warns Charles Viar, chairman of the Washington, D.C.-based Center for Intelligence Studies. ‘In my view, no one is really doing enough to deal with the Chinese threat. It is too large, and by Western standards, too unconventional.’
Among the array of growing dangers associated with Chinese spying: the regime’s increasingly advanced cyber capabilities. While the techniques are used to steal ever more information of all sorts, the potential for devastating offensive operations exists as well. Leaked US diplomatic cables and cyber-security analysts suggest that Chinese military intelligence has been involved in countless network penetrations in recent years. In some instances, evidence suggests that the regime is even able to remotely control sensitive systems.
Consider one example: In 2009, senior US officials reported that cyber spies—at least some of whom were Chinese—infiltrated the US electrical grid. And after breaking in, they left software behind that could be used to cause disruptions or possibly even shut the system down.
The Evolution of the Menace
Though the evolving threats are more advanced and dangerous today than ever before, Chinese espionage is nothing new. In fact, it began centuries ago—well before the communist regime rose to power.
‘China has a history of organized intelligence-gathering operations that goes back to the 15th century—perhaps even earlier,’ says Joseph Fitsanakis, a senior editor with Intel News who teaches classes on espionage, intelligence, and covert action at King College’s Department of History and Political Science. The Chinese, however, took it to a new level.
Up until two to three decades ago, the regime’s spying was largely domestic in nature, Fitsanakis explains—primarily targeting perceived enemies and dissidents within China. But in the post-1980s era, with economic reforms and growing affluence pacifying much of the internal unrest, Chinese intelligence collection efforts began to focus more on the outside world.
Today, according to experts and former counterintelligence officials, Chinese spying represents one of the largest threats to US security. And the sheer size of the regime’s espionage apparatus ‘is proving a good match for the more advanced automated systems used by its less populous regional rivals, including Taiwan, South Korea, and Japan,’ adds Fitsanakis.
Public awareness of the hidden menace is indeed on the rise. But available evidence indicates that the danger is still underestimated—and growing quickly.
‘The Chinese are the biggest problem we have with respect to the level of effort that they’re devoting against us versus the level of attention we are giving to them,’ former US counterintelligence chief Michelle Van Cleave told CBS during an interview. Officials with the US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), meanwhile, labelled China’s ‘aggressive and wide-ranging espionage’ the ‘leading threat to US technology.’
According to former Chinese intelligence officials who defected to the West, the United States is indeed China’s main target for espionage. But as China steps up its spying around the world, it’s becoming clear that no nation, company, military, or exiled dissident is immune.
Espionage & Influence
Like the intelligence services of most large and powerful countries, a significant segment of China’s spying apparatus is devoted to collecting information on foreign governments—particularly in terms of their military and political systems. Vast numbers of Chinese spies have been caught stealing such secrets.
In fact, it’s known that the regime has already acquired some of the United States’ most sensitive secrets. A US Congressional Committee and then-Director of National Intelligence George Tenet found as early as the late-1990s that China had even obtained information on the United States’ most advanced nuclear weapons.
That’s not all. ‘China has managed to gather a great deal of information on US stealth technology, naval propulsion systems, electronic warfare systems, and nuclear weapons through espionage,’ says Larry Wortzel, a commissioner and former chairman on the US-China Economic and Security Review Commission, and the ex-director of the US Army War College’s Strategic Studies Institute. ‘That is documented in convictions in US courts.’
The regime, however, wants more. A few Chinese espionage cases have made headlines recently, such as the scandal involving former weapons analyst Gregg Bergersen with the US Defense Security Cooperation Agency. A leaked video of him selling sensitive information about US military collaboration with Taiwan—a nation which the communist regime considers a breakaway territory—sparked a new level of public interest in Chinese espionage just last year.
But most cases barely cause a stir. According to an analysis of US Justice Department records by the Associated Press, there have been at least 58 defendants charged in federal court for China-related espionage since 2008. Most have been convicted, while the rest are awaiting trial or on the run. Hundreds of investigations are ongoing.
A leaked diplomatic cable from the US embassy in Santiago, Chile, also revealed that US officials were worried about Chinese espionage against the US military even in Latin America. ‘There’s concern that the Chinese could be using Chilean officers and access to the Army training school to learn more about joint programs, priorities, and techniques that the Chileans have developed with their US counterparts,’ noted the 2005 cable signed by then-Ambassador Craig Kelly, adding that even Chinese journalists were ‘assumed’ to be involved in some kind of collection activity.
‘(A)s the (US government) augments its support to the Chilean Armed Forces, Chinese interest in USG activities in the Southern Cone will most assuredly increase,’ according to the document released earlier this year by WikiLeaks. ‘The Chinese will likely attempt to learn more about US military strategies and techniques via Chilean participation in bilateral training programs and joint exercises.’ | <urn:uuid:374a20da-d3a0-477b-b123-14ea41b23623> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://thediplomat.com/2011/09/chinas-growing-spy-threat/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00440-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951967 | 1,770 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-limiting inherited condition caused by a faulty gene that controls the movement of salt and water in and out of cells. This causes mucus to gather in the lungs and digestive system and creates a range of challenging symptoms.
More than 2.5 million people in the UK carry the faulty gene, around one in 25 of us – most without knowing.Each week five babies are born with cystic fibrosis, and two people die. Almost half of those currently living with cystic fibrosis in the UK will die before they reach the age of 40. We are fighting to change this, funding vital research and offering practical support the 10,000 people with CF in the UK, and their families. We believe that the day when people with CF can live a life unlimited by their condition is within our reach. | <urn:uuid:67cc3bcc-ae2b-44d6-80ac-1e5270844564> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.discoveradventure.com/charities/cystic-fibrosis-trust | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.966376 | 173 | 3.046875 | 3 |
We recently asked five Century contributors to reflect on the
9/11 attacks and the decade that followed. Century
subscribers can also read the following highlights from our coverage in the
weeks following the attacks.
I lament biblical illiteracy as much as anyone,
but I think surveys sometimes load the dice against scripture when illustrating
the public's unfamiliarity with the Bible. A recent example was noted by the
American Bible Society as it released The
Freedom Bible in connection with the 9/ll anniversary.
On a journey through North America, my wife and I
attended many churches. At one the pastor insisted repeatedly that "the meaning and purpose of life is to have a
personal relationship with Jesus." The claim irked me.
An elementary school in Baltimore is sending children who misbehave to a Mindful Moment Room. In a room with lamps, decorations, and plush pillows, the students are encouraged to use breathing and meditation practices and to talk through the incident that got them sent to the room. There were no suspensions at the school last year. A nearby high school used the same approach to discipline problems and saw a decline in suspensions and an increase in attendance rates (Upworthy.com, September 22). | <urn:uuid:268f8775-d05b-4c14-aed0-ef96eea9ae3f> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.christiancentury.org/life-faith?page=208 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721008.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00118-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970688 | 252 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Several cities across the country rolled out bike share programs this year. Denver’s B-cycle program (more than 400 bikes at 42 solar-powered stations) was unveiled last Earth Day as the first large-scale municipal bike sharing system in the United States. Washington, D.C. first opened a limited network of kiosks called SmartBike in June (100 bicycles at 10 locations), then most recently instituted the new Capital Bikeshare program (1,100 bicycles at 114 solar-powered stations) in the District and Arlington, Virginia in September. Minneapolis launched its NiceRide system of 700 bikes at 65 stations which operated April through early November.
So what are the prospects of bike sharing for city park systems? In Minneapolis, the stations are mostly located outside of parks but users may be checking the bikes out and using city trails and parks that are nearby or on their way to destinations. For instance, a cyclist could take a bike from the University of Minnesota and travel along the Mississippi River parks and Stone Arch Bridge. Or, someone may check a bike out downtown and head to the Minneapolis Institute of Art or Midtown.
One of the exciting opportunities these new bike share programs present is the possibility of greater connectivity for the urban park system. The more locations available to pick-up or return a bicycle, the more options residents will have to visit parks or use trails as part of their every day activities. Some programs even cater to tourists by providing daily and monthly memberships in addition to the annual agreements most users are familiar with, allowing these visitors to participate in the program and possibly even advocate for one in their own city.
As more cities climb on board this trendy and convenient mode of transportation, it will be interesting to see if the park supporters and bicycle champions work in tandem to push not only for more bike lanes through the city, but trails and connections to all of the parks in the city. | <urn:uuid:0d6adfb8-00e0-49b2-96d3-5f2303ebbfb1> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://cityparksblog.org/2010/11/24/bring-bike-share-programs-to-the-parks/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988717963.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183837-00374-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961273 | 387 | 2.421875 | 2 |
Start: Mid 2016
Finish: Early 2017
Just 25 metres from the shore at Coogee Beach, the dive and snorkel trail surrounds the Omeo shipwreck and includes artificial reefs, underwater sculptures and educational signage. At 230 metres long and between one to eight metres deep, the underwater trail is perfect to snorkel and scuba dive with an array of marine life around the reef.
Land lovers can enjoy a universally accessible trail along the pathways at Port Coogee, (developed by Frasers Property Australia) featuring maritime artefacts as well as a viewing area to the Omeo shipwreck. Stairs have also been built for ease of access over the rock groyne.
A purpose-built dive reef features 33 fibre reinforced concrete modules ranging in height from 1- 5 metres, a swim through section, a giant 6mx2m starfish sculpture and a bronze sea lion standing 1.3m tall. The sea lion has been installed on a large footing a few meters offshore in shallow water, allowing the bronze sculpture to rise 1m above the water at low tide and be visible from the Port Coogee promenade for all to enjoy.The modules were designed by marine engineers and scientists to attract and support fish, crays and molluscs.
Two historic relics including an old railway wheel and an admiralty anchor and stock have also been placed on the underwater trail. The two relics were discovered during the excavation of Elizabeth Quay in 2014. They were thought to have been used as moorings around the turn of the 19th century when the Swan River was a bustling port. Donated by the Metropolitan Redevelopment Authority, the items are accompanied by information plaques.
History of the Omeo shipwreck
The Omeo is a historically significant and federally protected iron steamship that was built in 1858 in Newcastle, England and later converted to a sailing ship. It was used to lay the Bass Strait Telegraph cable, and the Overland Telegraph linking Australia to Britain via Singapore.
Apart from international trade, the vessel travelled intercolonial passenger networks. It traded for many years between Adelaide, Melbourne and New Zealand, and infamously collided with and wrecked the Swan Spit pile lighthouse in Port Phillip in 1881, before becoming a coal hulk.
The Omeo ended its days in Fremantle, where it parted cables, was driven ashore and wrecked in 1905. It was then blown close to Coogee Beach and has rested just 25 metres from the shore without many people knowing about it
This City of Cockburn received a $78,000 grant from Lotterywest to help build the trail in partnership with the Western Australian Museum, Murdoch University Divers and Perth NRM.
The City has established a research partnership with The University of Western Australia for ongoing monitoring of the expected changes in fish, invertebrate and other marine life at the artificial reef.
The City’s partnership with the WA Museum has provided significant maritime historical information to develop and install the underwater interpretive signage.
More information and contact
Find out about exploring the Coogee Maritime Trail.
For more information about the project, contact 08 9411 3444 or email [email protected]. | <urn:uuid:8635ace3-c294-4e0d-a270-01aa1ade95e9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cockburn.wa.gov.au/Building-Planning-and-Roads/City-Projects/Major-Projects/Coogee-Maritime-Trail-Project | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.955756 | 671 | 2.546875 | 3 |
Hard disk is amongst the portion of the machine that is having the capability to keep the system data. Every system possesses its own hard drive as a way to manage all of its programs, files and much more.
Only one internal hard drive cannot fulfill all of the requirements from the user. So this way external drives are used mainly. These external drives works extremely well combined with the internal hard disk drives. These drives also allow the user to take care of the safely and securely. Despite the fact that there’ll be certain conditions by which data loss from External drives happens. The here are the next.
Abrupt Elimination of USB drive: Inside the moment that your USB is linked to the computer such case if you get rid of the drive suddenly without following any safety measurements then and also are numerous likelihood of losing the info from that drive.
Accidental formation of hard drives: Sometimes as an alternative to formatting one drive in error in case you format various other drive then and it also results in loosing entire drive data. So you should cross check once when you find yourself deleting or formatting some data.
Data loss as a result of corruption: This is actually the situation which occurs when your USB drive is corrupted. There can be several causes of corruption of these drives. In cases like this a gamers will probably be struggling to access the info that’s kept in it.
To conquer all these scenarios you should follow some precautions. That is certainly to keep up a consistent backup of the entire data which is apparently important. You can also restore drive easily by using Drive Recovery Software.
Top features of Drive Recovery Software:
Many can readily recover the difficult drives that happen to be formatted. Additionally, it may restore the files that happen to be emptied in the recycle bin. Additionally, it can recover external usb drives and may also get over every one of the storage devices like external and internal hard drives, flash memory cards, USB drives and more.
Steps to download Drive Recovery Software:
Step 1: The first step is always to downloading and installing the Drive Recovery Software and after that running the application.
Step 2: Now a screen is so visible from where you’ll want to select “Recover Files” option to be able to recover the files from USB drives.
Step 3: Select “Deleted Files” or “Lost Files” option which appears when considering recovering the files.
Step 4: All the drives which can be in connection will probably be displayed. Select that one hard drive that you have to recover the files.
Step 5: Make use of the “Preview” option and you can certainly view every one of the recovered files. | <urn:uuid:bccd8eb6-1b60-4981-bcb6-67a913aa4fc2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://websaw.net/category/external-usb-drive-recovery | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.949077 | 551 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Maricopa in Kern County, California — The American West (Pacific Coastal)
Lakeview Gusher No.1
California Historical Landmark
Erected 1952 by Moicene Parlor No. 228 N.D.G.W., Kern County Historical Society, Kern County Museum. (Marker Number 485.)
Marker series. This marker is included in the Native Sons/Daughters of the Golden West marker series.
Location. 35° 5.486′ N, 119° 24.066′ W. Marker is in Maricopa, California, in Kern County. Marker is on Petroleum Club Road, on the left when traveling north. Click for map. 1.5 mi North of Maricopa via Hwy 33, turn onto Petroleum Club Road between Kerto and Cadet Road. Marker is at or near this postal address: Petroleum Club Road, Maricopa CA 93252, United States of America.
Other nearby markers. At least 6 other markers are within 6 miles of this marker, measured as the crow flies. Maricopa's Jail (approx. 2 miles away); West Kern Oil Museum (approx. 3.9 miles away); Midway Cemetery - 25 Hill (approx. 4.4 miles away); History of Taft The Fort, Taft (approx. 5.5 miles away); a different marker also named The Fort (approx. 5.5 miles away).
Also see . . . One Hundred Years of Oil, "Famed Lakeview gusher came after 14 months of drilling". ...When the driller reversed power to take a strain on the cable, the heavy bailer blew out of the hole with enough force to send it crashing into the crown block at the top of the derrick. Oil spurted high into the overcast sky, men scattered, and Barnhart's horse bolted, not to be caught for a week... (Submitted on October 27, 2014, by James King of San Miguel, California.)
Categories. • Natural Resources • Notable Events •
Credits. This page originally submitted on , by Denise Boose of Tehachapi, California. This page has been viewed 550 times since then and 7 times this year. Photos: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. submitted on , by Denise Boose of Tehachapi, California. • Syd Whittle was the editor who published this page. This page was last revised on June 16, 2016. | <urn:uuid:5900c0b5-b393-4898-86a8-981b1682ad92> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=54267 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00054-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.919753 | 518 | 2.265625 | 2 |
The majority of cancer sufferers typically decide to treat their disease by undergoing treatments such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, which trigger adverse side effects.
In other words, they are conventional approaches of healing that could lead to various side effects because the cancer patient is actually exposed to a harmful treatment.
However, continue reading to find out what the recent study conducted on this topic has shown!
The University of Windsor’s Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry in Canada carried out a study that examined the effectiveness of the extract of dandelion root on treating pancreatic cancer.
The study was conducted in 2012, and the results showed that dandelion root extract boosted selective apoptosis in cancerous cells. That’s not all, the researchers also pointed out that the extract triggered mitochondrial membrane collapse in the cells that resulted in cancerous cell pro-death autophagy.
To explain you in detail, apoptosis is a process of cancerous cell death, thus leaving the necessary room and nutrients for the new cells.
On the contrary, autophagy is cellular death triggered when a cell starves to death and tries to keep operating without nutrients.
Researchers claimed that further studies should be carried out on the effectiveness on the extract. They want to find out if dandelion root extract can be used as a reliable treatment of cancer.
There is not doubt that the results showed that the extract had an ability to target cancerous cells, but it did not destroy the healthy ones.
It is not the case with the conventional cancer treatments such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, since they also target the healthy cells in the body.
Of course, you should still undergo the recommended cancer treatment, but also include dandelion root into your everyday diet.
Dandelion Root Tea Recipe
- Some water
- A fresh organic dandelion batch
Consider purchasing an organic dandelion root or planting it yourself in order to avoid any pesticides from the non-organic varieties.
Method of Preparation:
Pour some water in a saucepan, and bring it to a boil. Next, the dandelion root should be chopped and added to the boiling water. It should be boiled for about 70-90 seconds and then removed from the heat. It should be covered and left to simmer for approximately 40 minutes. Finally, it should be strained and consumed.
It is a fact that nutrition could help in the treatment of some serious diseases.
But, it is advisable to consult your doctor for introducing this natural cure in your dietary regimen as a comprehensive and reliable dandelion root treatment has not still been created. | <urn:uuid:f5ff2f20-fd5a-40ab-a3e6-61ffc7823120> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://dailyhealthkeeper.com/doctors-surprised-dandelion-root-extract-proven-effective-conventional-cancer-treatments/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00558-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948917 | 537 | 2.828125 | 3 |
New York City, N.Y., Oct 11, 2016 / 03:57 pm (CNA/EWTN News).- Today is International Day of the Girl Child, declared by the United Nations as a day to raise awareness of programs and services that are needed to empower girls around the world, particularly in the areas of health, safety, education, and rights.
But millions of girls won’t experience this day, because their right to be born was never acknowledged.
That’s what Reggie Littlejohn, president of advocacy group Women’s Rights Without Frontiers, said in her message about the International Day of the Girl Child.
An estimated 200 million girls in the countries of India and China, where male children are valued more than female children, have fallen victim to sex-selective abortions.
“The message of sex-selective abortion is that girls and women do not deserve to live. The selective elimination of 200 million women demands the passionate outrage of the women’s movement. It should be the number one priority of the international women’s movement,” Littlejohn said in a message marking the day.
Sex-selective abortions are not just limited to underdeveloped countries – it is a persistent problem around the world, including in the United States.
A study released by the Charlotte Lozier Institute, the research arm of the pro-life Susan B. Anthony List, analyzed U.S. census data from 2000 and found that third births in families of foreign-born Chinese, Indians, and Koreans in the U.S. who already had two daughters displayed a ratio of 151 boys to 100 girls – an extreme male-biased ratio. The normal ratio for boys to girls is 103 to 106 per 100.
But the situation is especially dire in China, where families were asked to limit their offspring to just one child since 1980. Many families who desired male offspring to carry on the family name aborted female children in hopes of bearing a son.
The policy was only recently changed to a two-child policy in October 2015, but the perception that males are more valuable continues.
That’s why Women’s Rights Without Frontiers launched their “Save a Girl” Campaign in China, which rescued hundreds of baby girls from gendercide and spared their mothers from forced or coerced abortions.
The campaign offers struggling mothers a monthly stipend for a year to help with expenses as they care for their newborn girls.
In her message, Littlejohn described the story of Lian, a little girl who was saved through the campaign. Her mother, who lived in a rural village in China and was already helping with medical expenses for other family members, was told when she found out she was pregnant that it was not a good time for the family to have a baby. When she found out her baby was a girl, the pressure to abort increased.
Lian’s mother did not want an abortion, and reached out to Women’s Rights Without Frontiers, who sent a fieldworker to her home to help.
“(The fieldworker) told Lian’s mother that girls are just as precious as boys. She offered Lian’s mother a monthly stipend for a year to empower her to keep her daughter,” Littlejohn recalled.
“Lian’s mother gratefully accepted our offer of help. She gave birth to Lian, a beautiful and healthy baby girl, and she is delighted with her new daughter. Lian’s mother told our fieldworker that, without our help, she ‘would have no chance to see her daughter, who now makes her so happy.’”
On the International Day of the Girl Child, Littlejohn asks: “In honor of the International Day of the Girl Child, won’t you help us save more girls like Lian? So far, we have saved more than 200 girls, and yet there are millions more who are being aborted and abandoned just because they are girls. Each one of these girls is infinitely precious.”
Donations to the campaign can be made here.
Women’s Rights Without Frontiers also works to help combat a host of issues that constitute violence against women, including forced abortion and sterilization, female suicide and sexual suicide. | <urn:uuid:7a4bf209-28ae-437d-a73f-730f143c5d5e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://beforeitsnews.com/religion/2016/10/why-millions-of-girls-cant-celebrate-the-uns-girl-awareness-day-2516602.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00503-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963044 | 891 | 2.421875 | 2 |
Agra is a city in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, located on the banks of the Yamuna River. It lies 378 kilometers (235 miles) west of Lucknow, 206 kilometers (128 miles) south of New Delhi, and 125 kilometers (78 miles) north of Gwalior. It is one of the most populated cities in Uttar Pradesh, and the 19th most populous city in India, with a population of 1,686,993 (as of 2013). Agra may also refer to the administrative district headquartered in Agra. It is a popular tourist destination because to its numerous magnificent Mughal-era structures, most notably the Taj Mahal, Agra Fort, and Fatehpr Sikr, all of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Agra, along with Delhi and Jaipur, is part of the Golden Triangle tourism circuit and is part of the Braj cultural zone.
The city was originally mentioned in the epic Mahbhrata, where it was named Agrevaa (derived from Sanskrit, which means “forest frontier”). According to legend, the city was founded by Raja Badal Singh, a Sikarwar Rajput monarch (about 1475), whose fort, Badalgarh, was on or near the current fort. However, the 11th century Persian poet Mas’d Sa’d Salmn describes Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni’s desperate attack on the stronghold of Agra, which was then held by Shh King Jayapala. It was first documented in 1080 AD, when a Ghaznavide army seized it. In 1506 Sultan Sikandar Lod (1488–1517) was the first to relocate his capital from Delhi to Agra. He ruled the kingdom from here, and Agra rose to prominence as the country’s second capital. He died in 1517, and his son, Ibrhm Lod, stayed in power for nine more years, constructing various mansions, wells, and a mosque in the fort during his reign. Finally defeated in 1526 in the Battle of Panipat. Afghans governed the region between 1540 and 1556, starting with Sher Shah Suri. From 1556 until 1658, it was the capital of the Mughal Empire.
Agra – Info Card
|POPULATION :||• Metropolis 1,585,704
• Metro 1,760,285
|TIME ZONE :||IST (UTC+5:30)|
|RELIGION :||Hindus 80.68%
Not Stated 1.66%
|ELEVATION :||171 m (561 ft)|
|COORDINATES :||27.18°N 78.02°E|
|SEX RATIO :||• Male: 53%
• Female: 47%
|AREA CODE :||562|
|POSTAL CODE :|
|DIALING CODE :||+91 562|
|WEBSITE :||Official Website|
Tourism in Agra
Agra is the Taj Mahal’s home city in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, some 200 kilometers from Delhi.
Agra features three UNESCO World Heritage sites: the Taj Mahal, the Agra Fort, and Fatehpur Sikri, which is 40 kilometers distant. There are also numerous additional structures and tombs from Agra’s golden days as the Mughal Empire’s capital.
Aside from these three attractions, the city has nothing more to offer. Pollution, particularly pollution and trash, is widespread, and visitors are bombarded by swarms of touts and hawkers at every monument, with the exception of the interior Taj Mahal, which is free of frauds and touts once inside. Having said that, the landmarks are among of the world’s marvels, and no vacation to India is complete without at least one visit to the Taj Mahal. A single day in Agra is more than enough for the great majority of tourists.
Climate of Agra
Agra has a semiarid climate that borders on humid subtropical. Winters in the city are pleasant, summers are hot and dry, and there is a monsoon season. However, the monsoons in Agra, although significant, are not as heavy as the monsoons in other regions of India. This is a major reason why Agra has a semiarid climate rather than a humid subtropical one.
Economy of Agra
It boasts a tourist sector as well as royal crafts like as Pietra Dura, marble inlay, and carpets due to the presence of the Taj Mahal and other historic landmarks.
Today, agriculture employs 40% of the population, while the leather and footwear industries and iron foundries employ the other 40%. In 2007, Agra was the second most self-employed city in India, behind only Varanasi, and was followed by Bhopal, Indore, and Patna. According to the National Sample Survey Organization, 431 of every 1,000 employed men in the city were self-employed in 1999–2000, rising to 603 per 1,000 in 2004–05. Agra’s economy benefits from tourism. Kaya Kalp – The Royal Spa, located in the Hotel Mughal in Agra, is Asia’s biggest spa.
Agra boasts a plethora of industry. Harihar Biotech, Uttar Pradesh’s first plant biotech enterprise, is situated near the Taj. There are around 7,000 small industrial enterprises. Agra is also well-known for its leather items; the oldest and most well-known leather business, Taj Leather World, is located in Sadar Bazaar. Carpets, handicrafts, zari and zardozi (embroidery work), marble and stone carving and inlay work are all popular items. Agra is well-known for its sweets (Petha and Gajak) and snacks (Dalmoth), as well as its textile producers and exporters and car sector. Carpet production was brought to the city by Moghul Emperor Babur, and it has prospered since since.
Agra’s main center features jewelry and clothing stores. Choube Ji Ka Fatak is the center for silver and gold jewelry. The Shah Market area is an electronics market, whilst Sanjay Place is Agra’s commerce center. | <urn:uuid:5b642571-a52b-41e9-8912-7334c3978ce2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://travelshelper.com/destinations/asia/india/agra/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.957105 | 1,402 | 2.59375 | 3 |
File Organization in COBOL
A record-based COBOL file is a collection of records and file organization deals with how records are stored on a backing disk storage unit. The way records are organized on the device is important because that affects how records can be accessed and the latency of accessing those records.
COBOL provides 3 different types of file organization:
- Sequential File Organization
- Indexed Sequential File Organization
- Relative File Organization
Sequential File Organization:
The simplest method of organizing records on a disk. Records are organized one after another in a serialized manner. Irrespective of the type of storage device, these files are processed serially. Hence, accessing any record in this file requires accessing all the previous records. So we start reading from the very first read, and sequentially go through each record until the required record or the EOF.
- Any record is a collection field. A sequential file can be ordered based on a particular field called the “key” field or can be unordered. For eg., a file storing student records can be ordered based on “StudentID” field, such that “StudentID” values are always sorted, or it can be without any order.
- Inserting records in unordered files is simple, we just insert the record at the end of the file. But it’s not that trivial in the case of ordered files, as we have to maintain order even after insertion. A new file has to be created in this case, which has original records and the new records incorrect order.
- Deleting a record from a sequential file, be it ordered or unordered, requires rewriting the whole file into a new file without the record being deleted. Records to be deleted first need to be identified in the file. Record matching is done using key fields – values of the key fields for the records to be deleted are provided, which are matched against key fields of records in the file.
- Updating a record means modifying fields of records, modifying the length of fields, or adding a new field is not allowed. Updating a record from a sequential file, be it ordered or unordered, requires rewriting the whole file into a new file with the record values updated.
- Updating or deleting records in sequential files is quite expensive both in terms of computation, as it requires data copy, and storage, as it requires extra space for the new files.
- Sequential files can be used if the file is going to be processed sequentially always. If a file can be accessed directly or randomly, then the sequential organization should be avoided.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION. FILE-CONTROL. SELECT file-name ASSIGN TO dd-name-jcl ORGANIZATION IS SEQUENTIAL
Pros and cons of Sequential file organization:
- These files are slow when the majority of records in the file are unaffected by an operation, as reading almost all the records to operate on a few records is not worth the resources required.
- Update/deletion of records takes up double storage temporarily.
- When most of the records in the file are going to be affected by an operation, operating on these files is faster compared to other types of organization, as there are no indexes to be traversed or record location to be calculated. Moreover, since all records are stored in a contiguous manner, the system works with records in batches, reducing the number of disk accesses required.
- Though this file organization uses extra space while deleting/updating records, that usage is temporary, while other file systems take up more storage on a permanent basis. This organization does not use indexes and actually recovers space from deleted records.
- Apart from disks, sequential files can also be stored on cheaper storage devices like magnetic tapes.
Indexed Sequential File Organization:
Direct access of a record was not possible with Sequential organization, to overcome this Indexed Sequential file organization is used. The indexed file consists of two files – data file and index file. The data file is created just like a sequential file, but it can also be accessed randomly. Index file consists of the value of each key field and address of the corresponding record on the backing storage device. Reading a record from an indexed file does not require reading all previous records in the file, instead, the given key field is searched in the index file, and once found the stored address is accessed directly to read the corresponding record.
- The file system builds an index from data records based on the primary key. An index can also be built using other fields called “alternate keys”. An indexed file lets you access the records directly or sequentially using any of its keys.
- Just like Sequential organization, files can be read sequentially with Indexed organization too, and the sequence is that of the key values.
- Deleting or updating a record from an indexed file does not require the creation of a new file and data copy. But indexed files cannot be stored on sequential storage devices like magnetic tapes, these can only be stored on disks.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION. FILE-CONTROL. SELECT file-name ASSIGN TO dd-name-jcl ORGANIZATION IS INDEXED RECORD KEY IS primary-key ALTERNATE RECORD KEY IS rec-key
Pros and cons of Indexed file organization:
- Amongst the file organizations allowing direct access, these are the slowest, as accessing a record goes through a number of levels of the index and each of these requires disk access.
- Updating and deleting records may require rebuilding indexes.
- Indexes take up space on storage devices.
- When a record is deleted, its space is not recovered fully until the indexes are rebuilt.
- Indexed files can only be stored on devices supporting direct access, hence cannot be stored on magnetic tapes.
- Can use more than one key and keys can also be alphanumeric.
- Alternate keys are allowed to be duplicated, only the primary key must be unique.
Relative File Organization:
Relative file organization also allows direct/random access to stored records, but this file organization does not use an index. Instead, the key field itself is converted to an actual disk address, and hence there is no need for a search to find the record. The value of such a key field is called “relative record number”. Record in relative files is organized on ascending relative record numbers. Unlike indexed files, there can only be one key field and it has to be numeric. Also, file allocation happens for all the records starting from 1 to the record with the highest relative record number even though all the records are not yet populated.
A simple relative file organization may have a one-to-one correlation between key-value and the record’s disk location. For eg. a Student Info file is created with StudentID as a record key, whose value ranges from 1 to 999, then the record StudentID=1 can be placed on the first location on disk, StudentID=2 on the next disk location, and so on. To access a record with StudentID=458 means the system can directly go to disk location 458 and access the record. Similarly, there can be a different scheme that has a base value added to a relative record number, for eg. with a base value of 2000, the first record key value will be 2001 and the last would be 2999, given such a key value we would subtract 2000 from it to get the relative record number.
- Insertion of a new record requires a relative record number, so that system can find the corresponding disk location and write the record to it.
- Updating a record also requires a relative record number, so that system can find the corresponding disk location and rewrite the record.
- Deletion of a record requires a relative record number, so that system can find the corresponding disk location and mark the record as deleted. In relative file organization, the system does not really delete the record but just marks it as free. Hence a relative file is usually sparsely populated and the space requirement of these files is larger than other types of organization.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION. FILE-CONTROL. SELECT file-name ASSIGN TO dd-name-jcl ORGANIZATION IS RELATIVE RELATIVE KEY IS rec-key
Pros and cons of Relative file organization:
- High storage space requirement as empty records also takes up space.
- Space cannot be recovered from deleted records.
- No more than one key can be used and the key must be numeric.
- Relative files can only be stored on devices supporting direct access, hence cannot be stored on magnetic tapes.
- Amongst the file organizations allowing direct access, these are the fastest. | <urn:uuid:fa874cd3-4e11-41db-a6ff-e3a33df6fbdd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://origin.geeksforgeeks.org/file-organization-in-cobol/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.908292 | 1,836 | 3.25 | 3 |
Attacking invasive zebra mussels upstream
Published 10:47 pm, Tuesday, May 7, 2013
There's increasing evidence that the zebra mussels now multiplying in Lake Lillinonah and Lake Zoar were begat upstream, at Laurel Lake in Massachusetts, before riding the Housatonic River south into the two man-made lakes.
So this summer, researchers will see if they can destroy the microscopic mussel larvae before they even get into the river.
If the study proves successful, it may provide the Housatonic River and lake communities with a strong tool to keep the mussels at bay.
It's hoped the study might provide a way to keep the mussels -- a non-native, invasive species that can grow by the millions and significantly alter any water body where they lodge -- from Candlewood Lake, which is now zebra mussel-free.
"It might even slow them at Lillinonah and Zoar,'' said Larry Marsicano, executive director of the Candlewood Lake Authority.
An environmental survey team studying native bivalves found zebra mussels in Lillinonah and Zoar in October 2010. So far, they've not made their way into Candlewood Lake, which gets its water from the Housatonic River via the Rocky River hydroelectric power plant in New Milford.
In the ensuing two years, there's been a sustained effort to educate the public about the mussels.
It's to make sure boaters don't accidently spread them by dumping bilge containing the veligers into an uncontaminated body of water.
But last fall, it was clear mussels were multiplying quickly in Lillinonah and Zoar, turning up on docks and boat bottoms.
One unanswered question has been how the mussels got into the Housatonic River and the two lakes.
According to Marsicano and Bill Hyatt, director of the natural resources unit of the DEEP, there's a growing consensus that the veligers are coming from Laurel Lake in Lee, Mass.
"It's my understanding that is the case,'' said Hyatt, who acknowledged he's not been involved in the zebra mussel studies, but has spoken to those who are.
Researchers found zebra mussels in Laurel Lake in 2009. Since then, the mussels have grossly infested it.
The lake has an outlet pipe and a brook that both lead to the Housatonic River. In the spring, after the mussel larvae hatch out by the millions, they may be traveling by brook and pipe to the Housatonic River, then south into Connecticut.
In western states, Kelly has found that if he treats a water source with a low level of carbon dioxide gas, it kills the veligers.
Hyatt said the levels of CO2 Kelly uses in the process does not harm other creatures in the water.
"It's just enough CO2 to lower the pH levels in the water,'' Hyatt said. "That affects the veligers when they're at a vulnerable state and kills them.''
"It acts like a narcotic on them,'' Marsicano said.
He said the study will concentrate on the flow coming out of the pipe, because that flow is much more uniform compared to the brook and thus, more suited for scientific study.
"It's easier to quantify,'' he said.
If it proves successful, there might be a larger attempt to kill the veligers coming out of Laurel Lake.
Marsicano has said that without this constant flow of new veligers, the zebra mussels in Lillinonah and Zoar might not be numerous enough to create a thriving population on their own.
"We might be able to drop them down there,'' he said. | <urn:uuid:e60de0fd-1e6a-47bb-877f-3ca1bb41b7dc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.greenwichtime.com/local/article/Attacking-invasive-zebra-mussels-upstream-4497124.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00308-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949286 | 784 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Government to hire additional air traffic controllers for PGIA
Saturday, December 4th, 2021
More flights and new airlines are touching down at the Philip Goldson International Airport (PGIA) with increased tourism. This surge in traffic at the nation’s leading air hub has prompted the Ministry of Civil Aviation to hire eight additional persons to be trained as air traffic controllers at the PGIA.
Cabinet approved the funding on Tuesday, November 30th, agreeing that PGIA needs additional assistance. Previously, the government also approved additional overtime for the current staff due to their increased workload.
Following the November 19th inaugural flight of Alaska Airlines to Belize, the PGIA has been experiencing an above-normal number of arrivals, particularly on weekends. The regular carriers such as Delta, American Airlines, United, and Copa have added additional routes along with the domestic airlines Tropic Air and Maya Island Air, adding more traffic at the airport. On certain days of the week, flights are landing after 9PM, requiring more air traffic controllers, immigration, and customs staff.
The number of international flights to Belize will increase starting on December 11th with the inaugural flight of Frontier Airlines from the United States from Denver, Colorado, and Orlando, Florida. Additionally, the Ministry of Tourism and Civil Aviation recently traveled to Mexico and met with representatives of Mexican Airlines to open a direct route from Mexico City to Belize. The ambitious plan also includes approaching European carriers for a possible non-stop transatlantic route in the near future.
Please help support Local Journalism in Belize
For the first time in the history of the island's community newspaper, The San Pedro Sun is appealing to their thousands of readers to help support the paper during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since 1991 we have tirelessly provided vital local and national news. Now, more than ever, our community depends on us for trustworthy reporting, but our hard work comes with a cost. We need your support to keep delivering the news you rely on each and every day. Every reader contribution, however big or small, is so valuable. Please support us by making a contribution.Click to Donate | <urn:uuid:83616f17-653a-4af8-8eab-f0d2bda5fe9c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sanpedrosun.com/travel-and-tourism/2021/12/04/government-to-hire-additional-air-traffic-controllers-for-pgia/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570868.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808152744-20220808182744-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.950141 | 435 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Hide-IP-Browser protects your identity by replacing your real IP address with a different one. You will appear to access the Internet from a different location, not your own. Your real location is never revealed.
We are using proxies from different countries to hide your IP address. A partial country list from where you can get a new IP address is this: United States, United Kingdom, Israel, Canada, Germany, Japan, Netherlands, and many more.
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Other Windows Software of Developer «MacTVision»:
PCTVision 1 in 5 people will be cutting their cable and satellite service this year in favor of Internet based TV. Why pay a cable or satellite company $100 or more a month when everything you want to watch is available in PCTVision for a one time cost less than $40
PCMator With the help of PCMator you can schedule and automate your PC shutdown, update, reboot, and apps' launching.Limitations:3-day trial
MyIPHelper MyIPHelper is an OS based software that works on Windows, Mac or Linux Operating System, providing accurate IP address information with a very user friendly interface. MyIPHelper displays your internal and external IP addresses accurately. MyIPHelper takes
MiniIE Browser MiniIE Browser is a powerful tabbed browser with recherche unit design for commonly Web browse. It occupy least memory. Based on the Internet Explorer browser engine, which means that what works in the Internet Explorer browser will work the same in MiniIE
BigSite Toolbar The BigSite toolbar offers metasearches and Google access as a start. Tools on this browser addon range from checking for Spyware all the way to making sure your browser has the right media installed to experience the web in full. Quick access to home page
Voyager XG Voyager 6000 is a skinnable Web browser that maximizes and optimizes browsing by providing fast performance. It features a language translator, a shortcuts explorer for easy browsing, content and pop-up/ad filters, and more.Requirements:Windows 95/98/Me/NT
Bubbles - Minimizing the Web Bubbles turns Web applications into desktop ones, making the usage of frequent service-oriented Web site into a comfortable desktop-application-style experience. The desktop we use was designed with the assumption that most of the apps we use are available
FastStone 4in1 Browser FastStone 4in1 Browser is a free multi-window Web browser with a built-in HTTP server, a fully functional FTP client and a drag & drop image viewer. It enables users to surf the Web, run a Web server, transfer files between his computer (client) and server
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UC Browser UC Browser for PC is a fast, Chromium based web browser with IE compatibility. Users can enjoy the speed as well as UC unique user-friendly features: Fast Downloads, Enjoy high speed downloads with an option to resume when interrupted. UC Browser's smart f
Microsoft IntelliPoint 8.2 Mouse Software for Windows (64-bit) Microsoft IntelliPoint software enables you to customize the unique features of your Microsoft mouse to fit your needs. With IntelliPoint mouse software, you can reassign mouse buttons--including the wheel button--to perform commands like Undo or Copy, or
SmartVizor Bill Statement Batch Printing Software Web Freer is a fast HTTPS browser that encrypt browsing sessions, open blocked sites, and protect user's privacy. HTTPS is auto on when launching the browser, no manual setup is needed. Web Freer is is based on the open source project - Chromium. It is a C
Nuke Browser Nuke Browser is a fast Browser for Windows. Nuke Browser is a small file making it extremely portable. Nuke Browser is 5.7mb and can boot from virtually any flash drive. Nuke Browser requires very little to no installation so you can run it from the get go
Supported Operating Systems:
Windows XP |
Comments on Hide-IP-Browser:
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Windows Software - Free Windows Downloads, Apps, Games, Freeware, Skype, Media Player, Antivirus, Gimp, Live, Starter for Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8, 10 | <urn:uuid:98e47698-848e-416f-8e49-9af0e026fece> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.windowspedia.net/browsers-tag/hide-ip-browser-download-108492.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00557-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.878652 | 923 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Today I had my Colors and Codes program that I mentioned last week.
Now, I spent ten years of my life teaching college math, but doing math programs at the library is so much more fun!
Why? Well, the biggie is I don’t have to grade them, so it makes the whole thing much more light-hearted. I’m showing them things about math that I think are really cool, and they get to think about ways to do it themselves. And it’s all just for fun. At the library, we teach people things they want to know! If they don’t want to know them, they don’t need to come. It’s that simple!
Here’s what I did. I showed the kids my prime factorization sweater (wore it of course), and we worked out how it works. (That was fun!) I told them if colors can represent numbers, they can also represent letters. Just use 1 to 26 for A to Z. So you can write messages this way. I showed them a prime factorization code, then showed them other bases and how you can make codes with them. We wrapped it up by getting out sticky foam shapes and they could put a coded message or just a pretty pattern around a picture frame or on a bookmark or a door hanger.
The highlight for me, I think, was when a girl was working on coloring in the prime factorization chart on the hand-out. She was stuck on 24. I asked her what it equaled, and she said 12 x 2. So we looked at 12, and then the light went on and we talked about how you could do figure it out different ways, but you always got three 2s and one 3.
Now, I’m going to write some notes to myself while the program’s fresh in my mind. It went well; the kids had fun. But I want to do it again this summer, and hope it will go even better.
1. I’ll set the age level higher. I do think I lost a few kids this time. I think I’ll set it at 10 or 11 years old rather than 8. You want the kids to be fully comfortable with multiplying. Now that I think about it, when I did this program a few years ago at Herndon Fortnightly Library, I think the age limit was 10.
2. We’ll do some coloring on the prime factorization chart before I move on. This group did work out with me how it works. I didn’t want to get bogged down, but I think some coloring would help them understand it better.
3. I’ll have them figure out the numbers for their name in every code I go over. For example, my name, Sondy, in a base 10 code is 1915140425. (S is the 19th letter, O is the 15th, and so on.) In a prime factorization code, it’s 19 1 3 5 1 2 7 1 2 2 1 5 5 1. (19 x 1, 3 x 5 x 1, 2 x 7 x 1, 2 x 2 x 1, 5 x 5 x 1) In a Base 6 code, it’s 3123220441. In a Base 5 code, it’s 34 30 24 4 100. In Binary, it’s 10011 1111 1110 100 11001. Taking the time to do that would mean they’d get what I was having them do when they went to use the foam sticky pieces.
4. We’d do some coloring on the other charts before we moved to the foam shapes. Then I’d have them do their name with the colors they picked.
5. I’d show them exactly how I did my name on the bookmarks, one using colors and one using shapes.
Did I mention everyone did have a good time? But I think I’ll do a little more hands-on, using their names, before I move to the craft next time.
But it was a great trial run!
And don’t forget! Librarians help! We get to show kids how much FUN Math is! And we don’t even have to test them on it! | <urn:uuid:62c6b489-1697-4d34-be25-8cc6df8439ef> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://sonderbooks.com/blog/?p=19072 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00520-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967353 | 907 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Uber has traditionally been tight-lipped about its finances, but a new leaked document, obtained by Gawker's Sam Biddle, suggests the $50 billion company is wildly unprofitable.
That's not totally surprising, and it certainly doesn't mean the company is in any grave danger.
Many tech companies that raise a lot of money aren't profitable, and many go public while they're in the red. Just look at Amazon.
But the documents that Biddle obtained, which appear to show Uber's profits and losses for 2012, 2013, and some of 2014, suggest the company is losing a significant amount each year.
“Shock, horror, Uber makes a loss. This is hardly news and old news at that," Uber told Business Insider in a statement. "It’s the case of business 101: you raise money, you invest money, you grow (hopefully), you make a profit and that generates a return for investors."
Uber's net revenue in the first and second quarters of 2013 was a combined $32 million, according to the document, and its numbers for the second half of the year were about $72 million, bringing its 2013 annual revenue to $104 million in total.
In this case, Uber's net revenue is the amount the company keeps from each ride, not how much each ride actually costs with the driver's cut in it.
In the first and second quarters of 2014, the documents show Uber generating about $102 million, nearly as much as the entire year prior.
Gawker's documents also show that while the company's revenue has been growing quarter over quarter, its losses are also increasing. Its losses in 2012, according to Biddle, totaled $20.4 million. In the first half of 2013 the company lost more than $15 million.
A lot of the operational costs come from marketing, research and development, and administrative services. The company has raised more than $6 billion from investors to compete in international markets, such as India and China, and to push new products like its carpooling service, Uber Pool.
Another internal Uber document obtained by Business Insider from early 2014 suggested that an annual run rate for Uber's top five markets — New York City, DC, San Francisco, Chicago, Los Angeles — would generate about $1 billion a year for the company in 2014. And in some of those cities Uber is profitable.
Revenue estimates for Uber suggested Uber could generate $1.5 billion to $2 billion of net revenue this year. There is no 2015 financial information in the documents Gawker obtained, so the data is a bit out of date. | <urn:uuid:2a000c6b-92ba-49b0-b5fc-1b6dbe38bd39> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.businessinsider.com/ubers-revenue-profit-and-loss-2015-8?r=UK&IR=T | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00509-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969539 | 537 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Planned Parenthood supporters hold signs at a 2017 San Antonio rally.
A Texas law banning virtually all abortions after six weeks went into effect Wednesday at midnight after the U.S. Supreme Court turned down a request by women's health groups
to block it.
The measure, championed by Republicans
in the Texas Legislature and signed by Gov. Greg Abbott, is considered the strictest anti-abortion law in the nation.
The law eliminates access to abortion after a fetal heartbeat can be detected — a time before many women are even aware they're pregnant. Although it allows abortions after that period for medical emergencies, it offers no exemptions for rape or incest.
Reproductive rights advocates have blasted the law as unconstitutional since the Supreme Court's Roe v. Wade decision prevents bans on abortion prior to viability. In their petition asking the high court to halt Texas' ban, women's health providers argued that said the
law would rule out 85% of abortions in the state and force clinic closures.
What's more, critics say Texas' statute creates a
"bounty hunting" system by allowing private citizens to enforce the law by suing anyone they think has violated it. Anti-abortion group Texas Right to Life has already set up a website
encouraging people to provide anonymous tips on people who don't adhere to the ban.
“Giving the public the authority to enforce the Texas abortion ban compounds the terrible harm this destructive law will do," Kristin Rowe-Finkenbeiner, CEO of grassroots organizing group MomsRising, said in an emailed statement. "It means anti-choice extremists will be able to use the courts to intimidate health care providers, abusers will be empowered to harass their victims and impede their access to health care, and health centers will be under constant legal attack."
At least a dozen other states have approved so-called "heartbeat" abortion bans, but all all were blocked in the courts before implementation.
Stay on top of San Antonio news and views. Sign up for our Weekly Headlines Newsletter. | <urn:uuid:c7d3c49b-4578-40e2-a32f-59219a0333bd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sacurrent.com/news/six-week-abortion-ban-now-in-effect-in-texas-after-us-supreme-court-declines-to-halt-new-law-27039112 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.947865 | 420 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Dolphinaria-Free Europe (DFE) welcomes recent steps taken by WAZA (World Association of Zoos and Aquariums) within their updated guidelines to address the welfare of animals, including cetaceans, held within their member institutions.
These guidelines state that animals should not be presented to visitors as ‘exotic pets or performers’; however, we are concerned this does not clearly define the limitations on display, of cetaceans in particular. Several member facilities advertise AVI with cetaceans on their websites, including direct contact (for example, dolphin swim programmes). We therefore would welcome further clarity from WAZA on this aspect of the guidelines, and further transparency on how it plans to balance/manage captive animal welfare. We seek clarity on how WAZA will work with member institutions to ensure that cetaceans on public display are not used as photo props or in swim programmes; in fact, are not required to perform in a manner that exaggerates or is beyond their natural behaviour. We also request that WAZA immediately end any formal affiliation with any institution failing to follow these guidelines.
While our primary concern is AVI’s impact on the psychological and physiological wellbeing of cetaceans in captivity, it is not only the individual animals who are threatened by these activities. Advances in epidemiology have shown there is a danger to the public and cetaceans from zoonotic disease transmission during close interactions. Recently DFE released our statement on Covid-19 and its impacts on captive cetaceans; we believe it is crucial, to minimize health risks to people and animals, that this type of close interaction between captive cetaceans and the public is brought to an end.
Captive display facilities are unable to provide conditions in which cetaceans can thrive, leading full and natural lives. Displaying dolphins, whales and porpoises serves no conservation benefit, as species most often held in facilities are typically not endangered. The educational benefit is minimal, especially with technological advances such as animatronics and holographic presentations. People are able to learn about the natural world without having to remove animals from their natural habitat or breed them in captivity for display. The increase in research done in situ and its results negate any need to keep them in captivity for research. Therefore, cetaceans should no longer be held in confinement. We should phase out their public display through the end of captive breeding and our focus should be entirely on protecting them in their natural environment. | <urn:uuid:d92064ac-7642-49f4-b99a-646478cfd36a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://dfe.ngo/dolphinaria-free-europe-response-to-the-updated-waza-world-association-of-zoos-and-aquariums-animal-visitor-interaction-avi-guidelines/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.951611 | 514 | 2.015625 | 2 |
James Augustine Healey
Date for image
Date for object in photo
Hi-Res photo of Bishop James Healey, Class of 1849. First Black bishop in America.
Healey; Holy Cross
Format (file type)
Format (physical format of original)
Reproduction for publication, exhibition, web display or commercial use is only permissible with written consent from the College of the Holy Cross.
This document is currently not available here. | <urn:uuid:b3d2096d-3774-4243-9196-7397c8a5ae6e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://crossworks.holycross.edu/images/1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00163-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.817043 | 93 | 2.21875 | 2 |
Yan Hongmei - 严红梅
(Minghui.org) Two women in Sichuan Province died nine days apart in two different prisons. Their bodies were immediately cremated, and their families were only informed later when it was time to pick up their ashes.
Ms. Yan Hongmei and Ms. Hu Xia were imprisoned for the same reason – they both refused to renounce Falun Gong, a spiritual discipline being persecuted by the Chinese communist regime.
Ms. Yan was arrested on August 4, 2014 and ordered to serve 4 years in Chengdu Women’s Prison. She developed cancer, but was denied medical parole. She died in the prison hospital on December 28, 2017. The prison authorities once claimed that they would cremate her body right away should she die in custody. Their threat came to fruition following her death.
Cancer-stricken Teacher Denied Medical Parole, Dies 4 Days Before New Year
Ms. Yan, an art teacher at Tianshui Elementary School in Chengdu City, was arrested on August 4, 2014 after being reported for talking to her pupils about Falun Gong. She appeared in court on March 7, 2015 and was sentenced to four years in prison four days later. The local appeals court soon rejected her appeal without holding a hearing or consulting her lawyer as required by law.
Ms. Yan’s health kept declining while incarcerated at Longquan Women’s Prison. She was diagnosed with cancer, but not given proper medical attention. As her condition worsened, guards eventually checked her into the prison hospital on September 2, 2017.
Her family’s repeated requests to have her released on medical parole were denied. They were also told that they would not be allowed to claim her body should she die in custody.
She passed away four days before the 2018 New Year. Her family received a notice to go to a funeral home to pick up her ashes. They were never asked for their consent of cremation. | <urn:uuid:cee67366-a47c-4589-9be0-b8ea63190bf5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://en.minghui.org/emh/special_column/death_cases/119263.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.990842 | 414 | 1.796875 | 2 |
According to the integral approach, it’s the new connections we’re about to develop that will help us form the right mindset for success. Since we’re all tied to one system we add new connections to the integral network, according to how nature reveals them between us.
We must add our network of connections to this natural network. We must share anything we can such as our occupations, culture and education, health, security, food supply, industry, banking, financial, and economic elements.
We need all these systems to fit together into the same network with which we are connected by nature. The very development of this new integral system is the added value. We must act in accordance with what nature reveals, the connection between everyone.
If a product or service helps us be connected to others in a better way and helps us attract a nice attitude from others, then it has the right to exist and will be in great demand. The organization and what it produces, and its services, must fill the connection between people. Everything a company does must be in accordance with the network being revealed.
This is the challenge: the transition to the new integral connection between all. This is the trend and what it will demand from all of us. The new product is our attitude, meaning how we relate to others.
If a product or service helps us be connected to others in a better way and helps us attract a nice attitude from others, then it has the right to exist and will be in great demand. All products and services must adjust to suit this new rule. | <urn:uuid:514836c5-b0df-4fa0-b133-0c7c43a3a00a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bizcatalyst360.com/business-success-according-to-the-integral-approach/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571869.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813021048-20220813051048-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.95803 | 321 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Thursday, October 24, 2013
Carnegie Mellon has received $1 million from The Benter Foundation to establish an endowed undergraduate scholarship for students majoring in mathematical sciences. The Benter Foundation Mathematics Scholarship recognizes Carnegie Mellon's leadership in applied mathematics and honors former Carnegie Mellon President Jared L. Cohon.
"I'm delighted to endow an undergraduate scholarship in mathematics at Carnegie Mellon. Supporting talented students is critical today if we are to grow innovative leaders in basic research, computer science, business and other fields that rely on quantitative skills," said Bill Benter, president of The Benter Foundation Board of Directors. "Throughout his tenure at Carnegie Mellon, Jared Cohon vigorously supported the idea of creating access to higher education and the quantitative skills needed to innovate. We are pleased to continue this legacy though this scholarship." Read the full announcement.
The National Science Foundation (NSF) has approved a grant to the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC) to develop a prototype Data Exacell (DXC), a next-generation system for storing, handling and analyzing vast amounts of data. The $7.6-million, four-year grant will allow PSC to architect, build, test and refine DXC in collaboration with selected scientific research projects that face unique challenges in working with and analyzing “Big Data.”
“We are very pleased with this opportunity to continue working cooperatively to advance the state of the art based on our historical strengths in information technologies and to apply the resulting advances to a wide range of important scientific research,” said CMU President Subra Suresh and University of Pittsburgh Chancellor Mark Nordenberg.
“The focus of this project is data storage, retrieval and analysis for what is known as Big Data,” said Michael Levine, PSC scientific director. “The Data Exacell prototype builds on our successful, innovative activities with a variety of data storage and analysis systems.”
Big Data is a broad field including challenges from both traditional high-performance computing and other fields of research that depend on methodologies more focused on data collection and analysis than on computation. These fields not only require very large amounts of data but also require access methods and performance beyond the capability of traditional large data stores. The Data Exacell project will directly address these required enhancements.
The Alumni Association Board (AAB) seeks nominations for its 2014 class. Each year, the board elects five new members to serve four-year terms, beginning July 1. The AAB strives to strike a balance among its members with regard to college affiliation, year of graduation, gender, ethnicity and geographic representation. In addition, the board gives particular weight to the depth and breadth of the nominee’s current and previous volunteer experiences with CMU. To view the AAB Frequently Asked Questions and access the AAB Nomination Form, visit: http://alumni.cmu.edu/s/1410/alumni/index.aspx?sid=1410&gid=1&pgid=375 The nomination deadline is Nov. 30. Questions? Please contact Lynn DeFabio at email@example.com.
The Carnegie Mellon Police Department (CMUPD) will participate in the Drug Enforcement Administration’s (DEA’s) National Take Back Initiative from 10 a.m. – 2 p.m., Saturday, Oct. 26. The purpose is to promote and facilitate the safe disposal of unused or expired controlled, non-controlled and over the counter medications. The collection site will be at the CMU Police Station at 300 S. Craig Street (enter on the Filmore Street side of the building).
All medications will be collected in pill, gel, cream, patch and liquid form. Liquid products and creams will be collected in their containers. This program is totally anonymous. There will be no requests for identification nor will any questions be asked of the participants. Participants may remove any personal information from bottles or packaging prior to submittal.
Illegal substances such as marijuana and methamphetamines are not part of this initiative. Syringes will not be collected due to the potential hazard posed by blood-borne pathogens. The CMUPD thanks you in advance for your support of this initiative. For more info, go to www.dea.gov.
The university's annual alcohol and drug policies brochure is available online. The university takes seriously its obligation to ensure community members understand Pennsylvania law and the university’s policies and expectations regarding alcohol and other drugs. Additionally, CMU seeks to provide information on the support available for anyone in need. The publication was compiled as a resource by staff in the Office of the Dean of Student Affairs. Please do not hesitate to contact Student Affairs at 412-268-2075 should you have questions or comments.
Carnegie Mellon’s 2013 United Way campaign is underway and will run through Dec. 12. Last year the university community raised more than $175,000 for United Way and the health and human service organizations it supports. We are still looking for volunteers who would like to serve on CMU’s United Way campaign committee.
You can help make this year a success by incorporating the theme “Live Generously” through donating, advocating or volunteering for CMU’s campaign. Please check out www.cmu.edu/hr/unitedway to make your pledge and find out how to volunteer with local organizations. Visit this webpage often throughout the campaign for success stories, contests and campaign progress.
Nominations for the Dietrich College's 2013-2014 Elliott Dunlap Smith Award for Distinguished Teaching and Educational Service are due Nov. 4. Nominees must have achieved distinction as a teacher and educator in the college, and perhaps also in the university, higher education in general, and/or his or her discipline. Nominations should consist of a letter (two pages, maximum, signed by at least three faculty, students or staff) and should be submitted to Joanne Ursenbach, c/o the Dietrich College Dean’s Office, Baker Hall 154. For more information, go to http://www.hss.cmu.edu/pressreleases/pressreleases/edsmithaward.html.
Carnegie Mellon Institute for Talented Elementary and Secondary Students (C-MITES) offers half-day and full-day fun weekend workshops for academically talented students in grades K-10. The workshops in October and November include Your Awesome Body, Hands-on Algebra, Amazing Apples and Extreme Weather Trends. Workshops are offered at CMU and at two locations near Philadelphia.
Visit http://www.cmu.edu/cmites/weekend_workshops.html for more information about Weekend Workshops or to register online. Registration is on a first-come, first-served basis and financial aid is available. You can also contact C-MITES at firstname.lastname@example.org or 412-268-1629 ext. 1.
Faculty and departmental administrators are reminded to submit Spring course material adoptions as soon as possible via cmu.verbacollect.com or by email to Matt Senvisky at email@example.com. Early adoptions mean more rental textbooks, more used books and better textbook pricing for students.
Staff Council is offering discounted tickets to Idlewild Park’s Hallowboo. Tickets are good any Saturday and Sunday from noon – 6 p.m. through Oct. 27. Tickets are $13.50 each (cash only, please); the regular ticket price is $29.99. Anyone interested in purchasing tickets, should contact Sharon Cavlovich at firstname.lastname@example.org. Ticket quantities are limited.
Please see the Staff Council website for other available discounts.
How will the Affordable Care Act affect CMU employees? Find out when Staff Council presents its annual Open Benefits Forum from noon – 1 p.m., Tuesday, Oct. 29 in McConomy Auditorium, University Center. Join members of the Human Resources Benefits Office as they review upcoming changes to staff benefit plans and answer your questions. Open to all staff members not represented by a bargaining unit.
The Environmental Health & Safety Department is offering two upcoming AED/CPR training classes for the university community. Those who have been certified more than two years ago also can attend to renew your certification. All classes begin at 10 a.m. and last about two hours. The schedule is as follows:
- Nov. 14 - Mellon Institute Social Room
- Nov. 26 - University Center, Dowd Room
Register for classes at https://ehs-apps.andrew.cmu.edu/secure/ALERT-Online/aed/registration.aspx
The nomination period for the Celebration of Education is now open. Nominations are being accepted for the Doherty, Ryan, Academic Advising, Barbara Lazarus and Gelfand awards. The nomination deadline is Nov. 4. Read more at http://www.cmu.edu/celebration-of-education/.
- Wednesday, Oct. 30: Conflict of Interest
- Thursday, Nov. 7: Safeguarding International Research
- Wednesday, Nov. 13: Mentor Trainee, Relationships, and Collaboration | <urn:uuid:12c5e745-3c2a-4521-b82f-843edf848ccf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cmu.edu/piper/briefs/2013/october/oct-24/news-briefs.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00219-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.922251 | 1,918 | 1.65625 | 2 |
The founding of the Institute in 1968 was initially made possible by the combined funding of the University of Pennsylvania, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the American Philosophical Society.
Space was generously provided by the University of Pennsylvania from 1968 to 1984 and since that time by Columbia University.
The activities of the Institute, in support of Columbia faculty and students as well as collaborative projects with Columbia and other institutions, are entirely supported by external grants and gifts solicited and received for each specific project as it is devised. The Institute does not at present have funds whereby it can support the activities of other organizations or to fund individual scholars, unless current project grants so specify.
We are grateful to the following for their generous funding of the specific programs.
Ajinomoto Co., Inc. (Tokyo)
Asian Cultural Council (New York)
Catherine Hazlett Memorial Fund (Chicago)
International Foundation for Arts and Culture (Tokyo)
International Shinto Foundation, Inc. (New York)
Izutsu, Inc. (Kyoto)
The Japan Foundation (Tokyo, New York)
Medieval Japanese Studies Foundation (New York)
Musashino Instrument Ltd. (Tokyo)
Nippon Steel North America, Inc. (New York)
San Francisco Foundation (San Francisco)
Sumitomo Corporation of Americas Foundation (New York)
Tides Foundation (San Francisco)
Toshiba International Foundation (Tokyo)
Yanagawa Corporation (Osaka) | <urn:uuid:19899975-f0c5-4484-802a-182e30618340> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.imjs-jchi.org/support/our-supporters/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.88637 | 317 | 1.578125 | 2 |
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Canada offers 1000 visas for Spaniards
by Dilek -
Wednesday, February 13, 2013
Canada has announced that the latest edition of the International Experience Canada program will provide 1000 visas for Spaniards. Those who have Spanish nationality and are between the ages of 18 and 35 can work in Canada for one year.
Canada is an attractive country to live in considering its low unemployment rate, friendly citizens and high living standards. This is a great offer for Spanish people to live and work in Canadian cities. Applicants not only get to improve their language skills (English and French) but they also receive unforgettable work experience.
The program is divided into the following catagories:
Working-Holiday (750 applicants accepted) is designed for young Spaniards who want to visit Canada and discover a new culture while being paid on a casual basis. It is also possible to choose to do volunteer work. You do not need to have a contract or be a student. The duration of the stay is 12 months.
Student Summer Work (10 applicants accepted) proposes that registered Spanish students spend their summer holidays in a resourceful way working on a casual basis and earning some money during their academic vacation. The applicant must be registered at a postsecondary educational institution or a training center in Spain. The duration is maximum 3 months.
Young Professionals (200 applicants accepted) is designed for Spanish citizens who want to improve their professional skills in a Canadian firm with a previously arranged contract which is valid for 12 months.
Internship (40 applicants accepted) is open to Spanish students who are registered at a post-secondary institution in Spain. Students can gain professional experience of up to 12 months in Canada as well as enjoy the culture.
It is also important to bear in mind that the salaries and the contracts in Canada are different than in Spain, and that interns receive minimum wage. Each region has its own regulations, yet interns generally make 7 to 8 euro per hour, which means that if you work 40 hours each week than you can earn 1200 euro per month.
If you are considering applying for one of these opportunities in Canada, make sure you have 1870 euro when you go, as you’ll need to have medical insurance during your stay and your expenses will be a little more in the beginning (you’ll spend less once you get settled). The registration fee is 112 euro. Spanish citizens can apply for this program twice and each time they must apply for a different category. The application is to be completed online and applicants are legally required to provide all the information requested or their entry into Canada may be denied or they may not be allowed to travel.
Keywords: work in Canada, study in Canada,Spanish students,internship | <urn:uuid:4610562d-083a-477e-89f7-53585d662996> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blog.eduspain.com/2013/2/canada-offers-1000-visas-for-spaniards | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00035-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965994 | 585 | 1.765625 | 2 |
What is an RCE?
Regional Centers of Expertise (RCEs) are designed to implement these ESD initiatives.
An RCE is a network of existing formal, non-formal and informal organizations that facilitate learning towards sustainable development in local and regional communities.
A network of RCEs worldwide constitutes the Global Learning Space for Sustainable Development with each RCE translating global objectives into the context of the local communities in which they operate. RCEs think globally but act locally and are the best keepers of knowledge about sustainability challenges in their home regions.
The success each RCE achieves on the local level is brought to scale through the global RCE Network. Local knowledge, expertise, and best practices are shared globally through the network and are able to be adapted and applied successfully in other regions.
As of March 2015, the United Nations University officially acknowledges 136 RCEs worldwide. | <urn:uuid:c1a0966d-7b62-4362-971a-b8126642c620> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.eco-learning.org/about/?s= | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.92979 | 189 | 2.875 | 3 |
How large is a 2.5 car garage?
Anything larger than 20×20. Re: What is the definition of a 2.5 car garage? Realtors are notorious for overstating garage measurement. 12 large is a one car, 18 extensive is 1.5, 20-24 broad is 2 car 28-30 is 2.5.
What are the dimensions of a 2 1 2 car garage?
Typically, two car garages are 18 toes broad by 20 ft deep. This is just enough to suit two vehicles to your garage. There are several other commonplace sizes together with 20 x 20, 22 x 22 and 20 x 22.
How large is a 2 car garage?
An moderate dimension two car garage house most often levels from 9-14 feet huge by 18-22 toes long (to get sq. toes. multiply width via duration).
How much room do I would like for a 3 car garage?
What is a good dimension for a garage?
The Average-Sized Garage An averagely sized garage is 22′ to 24′. If your car’s width is 6′ to six.5′, adding a few toes throughout offers you 20′, which is the minimal dimension. Opting for a 22′ or 24′ width will raise your space a great deal.Farvardin 5, 1400 AP
What is a just right measurement for a detached garage?
The minimum recommended measurement for a 1 car detached garage is 12’x20′. Consider adding between Four and 10 toes to the width or intensity of the garage to add more storage or work area.
How a long way should a detached garage be from the home?
Does a detached garage upload price?
A detached garage could make your house more horny to a better selection of patrons. Appraisers will take this under consideration and factor your garage into your home’s current market value. For nearly all of houses, including a indifferent garage will upload extra worth to the house that what the garage prices to construct.
Are garages bad for vehicles?
Often instances, other folks imagine that a heated garage is even worse for his or her car. In contrast, a heated garage is actually even better for your car. There is, then again, one drawback. When your car is coated with snow or salt, storing it in a heat garage every night time can somewhat speed up the method of rust.Dey 21, 1395 AP
Should cars be saved in a garage?
While your automobile would possibly get rusty easy from driving round, protecting it in a dry garage at night can definitely help to sluggish the process. Sitting in a rainy driveway or being coated in snow and ice can build up the velocity of rust building and make your car glance worse a lot faster! If you will have a garage, USE IT!Mordad 3, 1394 AP
Should I quilt car in garage?
When leaving your car within the garage for long-term garage, professionals counsel preserving it below wraps for additonal protection.Mordad 29, 1399 AP
Do vehicles rust extra in garages?
It’s now a beautiful well known fact that automobiles saved in heated garages right through the iciness generally tend to rust out faster, it’s a subject getting the steel heat each night time, which in flip melts the frozen slush stuck at the car, and that in flip activates the corrosive properties of the salt.Bahman 13, 1387 AP
Do Garage kept vehicles last longer?
A garage-kept vehicle will not most effective spice up its longevity; it’s going to deliver you extra buyers and a upper price if you make a decision to sell your car. Keep the internal and exterior clean. Regular washes and waxes lend a hand preserve the paint and save you rust on your car, truck or van’s body.Azar 12, 1395 AP
Is it OK to position a wet car in the garage?
You will have to now not use a car cover while the car is rainy, and it is not ultimate to put a wet car into a heated garage. Driving home within the rain and placing it into a customary garage is positive.Azar 2, 1385 AP
How do you fix a damp garage?
Nine ways to successfully reduce garage condensation
- Control your garage’s temperature.
- Use a vapor barrier.
- Dry your rainy car off after parking it in the garage.
- Check your air flow.
- Inspect your drainage.
- Apply a floor coating.
- Install a dehumidifier.
- Get rid of that old garage refrigerator or freezer.
Is it bad to go away your car wet?
The solution is…it isn’t higher to leave it out…it’s higher to go away it within the garage. Sleep soundly. As long as you’re conserving the upkeep up the car might be nice.Tir 14, 1395 AP
Do dehumidifiers work in garages?
Get a Garage Dehumidifier Humidity won’t simplest make your garage wildly uncomfortable, but it surely’ll also be a reason for mold growth. Run a dehumidifier when the air in your garage becomes thicker with moisture, because the humidity begins to set in. The sooner you’re taking motion, the less of a probability mold must take root.
What Humidity Should a garage be?
between 40% and 50%
Why is my garage flooring rainy when it rains?
The maximum common is condensation — AKA sweating garage ground. If the air cools at or underneath the dew level, it’s going to start to condense at the floor of the concrete, thus causing the rainy and every so often misty having a look garage ground.Dey 6, 1398 AP | <urn:uuid:b8975299-2fab-4a3f-8ec0-4984649eafda> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://animetalusa.com/how-large-is-a-2-5-car-garage/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570921.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809094531-20220809124531-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.911475 | 1,228 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Protective immunity against pathogens depends on the efficient generation of functionally diverse effector and memory T lymphocytes. However, whether plasticity during effector-to-memory CD8+ T cell differentiation affects memory lineage specification and functional versatility remains unclear. Using genetic fate mapping analysis of highly cytotoxic KLRG1+ effector CD8+ T cells, we demonstrated that KLRG1+ cells receiving intermediate amounts of activating and inflammatory signals downregulated KLRG1 during the contraction phase in a Bach2-dependent manner and differentiated into all memory T cell linages, including CX3CR1int peripheral memory cells and tissue-resident memory cells. "ExKLRG1" memory cells retained high cytotoxic and proliferative capacity distinct from other populations, which contributed to effective anti-influenza and anti-tumor immunity. Our work demonstrates that developmental plasticity of KLRG1+ effector CD8+ T cells is important in promoting functionally versatile memory cells and long-term protective immunity.
Keywords: Bach2; CD8 T cell; CX(3)CR1; cancer; fate mapping; inflammation; influenza; memory; plasticity; tissue-resident.
Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:55e8990f-9c80-4eae-8af0-ea431ac3d281> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29625895/?dopt=Abstract | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.900338 | 258 | 1.585938 | 2 |
Final vote on new boundaries for county supervisor districts delayed
The Independent Redistricting Commission had planned to vote on the final map at their Thursday evening meeting, but then concerns were raised.
The process of redistricting — redrawing lines for all sorts of governmental entities — starts with the census. Redistricting commissions take that data and try to redraw lines to best represent neighborhoods and communities of interest, which includes areas with common geographic, economic or cultural interests.
“The problem we’ve all been facing is that the 2020 census, which is the basis for all the data we need, was delayed in releasing its data," said the chairman of the non-partisan Independent Redistricting Commission, David Bame.
So the non-partisan Independent Redistricting Commission has only had a few months to pull everything together. Hundreds of people showed up at Thursday night’s meeting.
The biggest point of contention, shown on the draft map above, centers around moving El Cajon into a district comprised of communities to the west. Much of the city’s large Chaldean community said they want the city to stay in an east county district.
But Chairman Bame said there is disagreement, even within the Chaldean community.
"Others say, with similar backgrounds, we believe we ought to be located in a more central district," Bame said.
Chaldean community leader Mark Arabo said he’s heard from people on both sides, and he has the same advice for everybody.
“Register to vote, organize your communities. It’s an independent commission and hopefully a balance will be met. This is the American process," said Arabo.
Lilian Serrano represents a group lobbying for the interests of the Latinx community in the north county, Universidad Popular. She said they love the new map, specifically the fact that Escondido is included along with other north county communities like Oceanside, Vista and San Marcos.
"All the communities that have majority Latino population or very close to half of the population being Latino (are kept) all together. They’re also keeping tribal lands all together under District Five.”
The meeting lasted for about eight hours, until 1:30 Friday morning. The Commission will meet again Saturday morning. They are required by law to have the final map and the report that goes with it submitted by next Wednesday. | <urn:uuid:fa2b96a8-7c73-49b9-80b9-26c521489987> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kpbs.org/news/local/2021/12/10/final-vote-on-new-boundaries-for-county-supervisor-districts-delayed | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571719.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812140019-20220812170019-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.964941 | 497 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Spaghetti"less" and Spicy "Meat"sauce
1 spaghetti squash
1 package veggie burger crumbles (I used St.Ives)
2 cloves garlic, minced
1 yellow bell pepper, roughly chopped
3/4 cup carrot, chopped
3 green onions, chopped
1 large or 2 small cans of crush tomatoes
2-3 tablespoon grade B maple syrup (you can find this in your health food store)
1 1/2 cup mushrooms, roughly chopped
red pepper flakes
Preheat oven to about 400 degrees Celsius. Take the spaghetti squash and cut off just the stem part. Then, take it and cut it lengthwise. There will be a whole bunch of seeds on the inside, but do not scoop them out just yet. Take the squash and put it into a baking dish and fill with enough water to cover the bottom by about 2 inches. Cover the dish and place it into the oven for about 40-45 minutes, or until a fork can easily be pierced through the outside. Once it's done cooking, drain the water and place the squash into a deep dish. Now is the time to scoop out the seeds. Once the seeds are out, take a fork, and start "scraping" the squash from top to bottom, so you start getting spaghetti like pieces. Empty the spaghetti into a colander and DRAIN WELL!!! I just usually let it sit in the colander for a good 5 minutes, shaking it once and awhile to get the water out.
Meanwhile, start making the "meat" sauce. I actually do this part while the squash is cooking. It's a bit more practical and you save time that way. Take the package of veggie ground and start frying it up in your pan. Once cooked, add the yellow bell pepper, carrots, onions, and garlic. Cook for about 2 minutes (I like my veggies to be crisp). Add the can of crushed tomatoes and gently stir it altogether. Once it start to bubble, add the maple syrup. I know that seems strange, but trust me! The maple syrup gives it a bit of a unique flavour, and it helps accentuate the spicy flavours. I say about 2-3 tablespoons, but you could always more or less, depending on your taste. Then add the rest of the spices, again, add more or less depending on your taste. Let the sauce sit for about 5 minutes.
Once done, take your spaghetti squash and place some onto a place. Add the sauce on top, and there you have it! Spaghetti"less" and spicy "meat"less sauce! Enjoy! | <urn:uuid:dc5e9d69-b9fb-4964-9144-011740b10e20> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.vegweb.com/recipes/spaghettiless-and-spicy-meatsauce?qt-sign_in_sign_up_block=0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00325-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.901499 | 538 | 1.5 | 2 |
They pay so much for such a crappy experiment.
For a real ecosystem and balance of nature lesson they should get a large 55 gallon and set it up with all live plants, wood, and different schools of fish of all activity levels and where they swim in the tank as well as shrimp, snails, and other algae eaters.
Then measure water levels daily, and make notes about behavior of fish in their environment and do a report on how all this benefits one another.
At the end of this they can find new homes for everything but keep the tank, stand, lights, wood, etc. That way they don't have to keep spending. Or just keep everything the same for every year to observe...
Kaida- CT Female 2.5 Gal.
Julep- HMPK Male 2.5 Gal.
Fandango-HM Male 10 Gal. | <urn:uuid:9a4c687e-fd43-41d5-b63b-0ec7eb443841> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.bettafish.com/102-betta-fish-compatibility/71378-how-many.html#post684924 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988722459.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183842-00343-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957768 | 180 | 1.859375 | 2 |
- And Elisha the Prophet called one of the children of the Prophets, and said vnto him, Gird vp thy loines, and take this boxe of oile in thine hand, and goe to Ramoth Gilead.
- And when thou commest thither, looke out there Iehu the sonne of Iehoshaphat, the sonne of Nimshi, and goe in, and make him arise vp from among his brethren, and carie him to an inner chamber.
- Then take the boxe of oile, and powre it on his head, and say, Thus saith the Lord, I haue anointed thee king ouer Israel: then open the doore, and flee, and tary not.
- So the yong man, euen the yong man the Prophet, went to Ramoth Gilead:
- And when hee came, behold, the captaines of the host were sitting;
and hee said, I haue an errand to thee, O captaine: And Iehu said, Unto which of all vs?
And he said, To thee, O captaine.
- And hee arose, and went into the house, and hee powred the oyle on his head, and said vnto him, Thus sayth the Lord God of Israel, I haue anoynted thee king ouer the people of the Lord, euen ouer Israel.
- And thou shalt smite the house of Ahab thy master, that I may auenge the blood of my seruants the Prophets, and the blood of all the seruants of the Lord, at the hand of Iezebel.
- For the whole house of Ahab shal perish, and I will cut off from Ahab, him that pisseth against the wall, and him that is shut vp and left in Israel.
- And I will make the house of Ahab, like the house of Ieroboam the sonne of Nebat, and like the house of Baasha the sonne of Ahiiah.
- And the dogges shal eate Iezebel in the portion of Iezreel, and there shal be none to burie her.
And he opened the doore, and fled.
- Then Iehu came foorth to the seruants of his lord, and one said vnto him, Is all well?
wherefore came this madde fellow to thee?
And he said vnto them, Yee know the man, and his communication.
- And they said, It is false, tell vs now: And hee sayde, Thus and thus spake he to me, saying, Thus saith the Lord, I haue anoynted thee King ouer Israel.
- Then they hasted, and tooke euery man his garment, and put it vnder him on the top of the staires, and blewe with trumpets, saying, Iehu is king.
- So Iehu the sonne of Iehoshaphat, the sonne of Nimshi, conspired against Ioram: (now Ioram had kept Ramoth Gilead, hee, and all Israel, because of Hazael king of Syria:
- But king Ioram was returned to bee healed in Iezreel, of the wounds which the Syrians had giuen him, when he fought with Hazael king of Syria.) And Iehu said, If it be your minds, then let none goe forth nor escape out of the citie, to goe to tell it in Iezreel.
- So Iehu rode in a charet, and went to Iezreel, (for Ioram lay there:) and Ahaziah king of Iudah was come downe to see Ioram.
- And there stood a watchman on the towre in Iezreel, and hee spied the company of Iehu as he came, and said, I see a companie.
And Ioram sayd, Take an horseman, and send to meete them, and let him say, Is it peace?
- So there went one on horsebacke to meete him, and said, Thus sayth the king, Is it peace?
And Iehu said, What hast thou to doe with peace?
turne thee behinde me.
And the watchman tolde, saying, The messenger came to them, but he commeth not againe.
- Then he sent out a second on horsebacke, which came to them, and sayd, Thus sayth the king, Is it peace?
And Iehu answered, What hast thou to doe with peace?
turne thee behinde me.
- And the watchman tolde, saying, He came euen vnto them, and commeth not againe: and the driuing is like the driuing of Iehu the sonne of Nimshi;
for he driueth furiously.
- And Ioram said, Make readie.
And his charet was made ready.
And Ioram king of Israel, and Ahaziah king of Iudah, went out, each in his charet, and they went out against Iehu, and met him in the portion of Naboth the Iezreelite.
- And it came to passe when Ioram saw Iehu, that hee said, Is it peace, Iehu?
And he answered, What peace, so long as the whoredomes of thy mother Iezebel, and her witchcrafts are so many?
- And Ioram turned his hand, and fled, and said to Ahaziah, There is treachery, O Ahaziah.
- And Iehu drew a bowe with his full strength, and smote Iehoram betweene his armes, and the arrow went out at his heart, and hee sunke downe in his charet.
- Then said Iehu to Bidkar his captaine, Take vp, and cast him in the portion of the field of Naboth the Iezreelite: for remember, how that when I and thou rode together after Ahab his father, the Lord laide this burden vpon him:
- Surely I haue seene yesterday the blood of Naboth, and the blood of his sonnes, sayd the Lord, and I will requite thee in this plat, sayth the Lord.
Now therefore take and cast him into the plat of ground, according to the word of the Lord.
- But when Ahaziah the king of Iudah saw this, hee fled by the way of the garden house: and Iehu followed after him, and said, Smite him also in the charet;
and they did so, at the going vp to Gur, which is by Ibleam: And hee fled to Megiddo, and died there.
- And his seruants caried him in a charet to Ierusalem, and buried him in his sepulchre with his fathers, in the citie of Dauid.
- And in the eleuenth yeere of Ioram the sonne of Ahab, began Ahaziah to reigne ouer Iudah.
- And when Iehu was come to Iezreel, Iezebel heard of it, and shee painted her face, and tyred her head, and looked out at a window.
- And as Iehu entred in at the gate, she said, Had Zimri peace, who slew his master?
- And he lift vp his face to the window, and said, Who is on my side, who?
And there looked out to him two or three Eunuches.
- And he said, Throw her downe.
So they threw her downe, and some of her blood was sprinkled on the wall, and on the horses: and he trode her vnder foote.
- And when he was come in, hee did eate and drinke, and saide, Goe, see now this cursed woman, and burie her: for she is a kings daughter.
- And they went to burie her, but they found no more of her then the skul, and the feete, & the palmes of her hands.
- Wherefore they came againe, and told him: and he said, This is the word of the Lord, which he spake by his seruant Elijah the Tishbite, saying, In the portion of Iezreel shall dogs eate the flesh of Iezebel:
- And the carkeise of Iezebel shall be as doung vpon the face of the field in the portion of Iezreel, so that they shall not say, This is Iezebel. | <urn:uuid:68b20dca-a3e7-4e2b-9bac-26dbfba77b8c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://superbook.org/KJV1611/2KI/2ki9.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00062-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959409 | 1,949 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Today marks a pretty significant anniversary in the videogame industry-- the Japanese release of The Legend of Zelda.
The game first launched in Japan on the Famicom’s new disc drive. It utilized its superior sound and space to make a game that wasn’t quite like anything before it. There was no point system, a bit of a story and an objective to boot. Playing as Link (or whatever you wanted to name him), gamers were dropped in the fantasy world of Hyrule. A kingdom in disarray after the evil pig-demon-person-thing Ganon steals the Triforce of Power, and sets his sights on the Triforce of Wisdom. The Princess Zelda then shatters it and the pieces fall across the kingdom.
Now this anniversary is for the Japanese release. The gold cartridge didn’t hit North American shores until almost a year and a half later. And the title became the first Nintendo game to sell over a million copies. In fact it surpassed 6.5 million, and hit the number one spot in Nintendo Power’s “Top 30” section, and in the Magazine’s final issue, it ranked as their 12th favourite game of all time. | <urn:uuid:25c437d4-9989-4497-8941-20aea5726513> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.cgmagonline.com/2015/02/21/the-legend-of-zelda-turns-29-today/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00206-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946193 | 250 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Once more the period of the year happens when your child arrived in this world. Again you're thinking about what ideal birthday presents for kids are there to allow them to love you more. Despite being so innocent and young, every kid has a character of its own.
When you introduce them to something, kids need it to be just like their very own self in character. Imagine the response you'll receive if you provide a big sized doll to a woman who's a full tomboy, or a Disney Pixar DVD set to a boy who's a bookworm. You can buy the best Disney subscription box available via https://www.waltlife.com/.
A birthday appears to be the most special day that's awaited the entire year by kids. No wonder, the expectations for birthday presents for kids are excessively significant. Allow it to be artful and cheerful. Often young kids like to play with their creative thoughts.
It's possible to get anything for preschoolers and until your kids reach 5 decades old. The actual game starts later in their lifetime. Kids at this age would really like to create everything beneath their title and belonging. Give them something that they want or can certainly use.
Giving presents on birthdays is a convention that's quite a regular today. Not just birthdays, but on any event is an impressive method of expressing your own feelings. Selection of a suitable and meaningful gift retains a substantial place, be sure to consider the present and run some research before going to the gift store to get your hands on something. | <urn:uuid:9eef1412-56ea-43ae-b120-32cdffc664c9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.fabrioberto.com/celebrate-another-year-with-stylish-birthday-presents-for-kids/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.962565 | 311 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Acetaminophen (By mouth)
Treats minor aches and pain and reduces fever.
7T Gummy ES, 8 Hour Pain Relief, 8HR Arthritis Pain Relief, 8HR Muscle Aches & Pain, Aphen, Arthritis Pain Relief, CareALL Non-Aspirin, Cetafen, Cetafen Extra, Children's Cough & Sore Throat, Children's Dye Free Pain and Fever, Children's Fever Reducer & Pain Reliever, Children's Mapap, Children's Non-Aspirin, Children's Pain & FeverThere may be other brand names for this medicine.
When This Medicine Should Not Be Used:This medicine is not right for everyone. Do not use it if you had an allergic reaction to acetaminophen.
How to Use This Medicine:
Capsule, Liquid Filled Capsule, Liquid, Powder, Tablet, Chewable Tablet, Dissolving Tablet, Fizzy Tablet, Long Acting Tablet
- Your doctor will tell you how much medicine to use. Do not use more than directed.
- If you are taking this medicine without the advice of your doctor, carefully read and follow the Drug Facts label and dosing instructions on the medicine package. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure how to use this medicine.
- Do not take this medicine for more than 10 days in a row, unless directed by your doctor.
- The chewable tablet should be chewed or crushed before you swallow it.
- Oral liquids: Measure the oral liquid medicine with a marked measuring spoon, oral syringe, or medicine cup. Do not use a spoon, syringe, or cup that came with a different medicine.
- Oral liquid (with syringe):
- Shake the bottle well before each use.
- Remove the cap. Attach the syringe to the flow restrictor. Turn the bottle upside down.
- Pull back the syringe plunger until it is filled with the correct dose. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure how much medicine to use.
- Slowly give the medicine into your child's mouth. Point the syringe so the medicine goes toward the inner cheek.
- Oral liquid (with dropper):
- Shake the bottle well before each use.
- Remove the cap. Insert the dropper into the bottle. Withdraw the correct dose. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure how much medicine to use.
- Slowly give the medicine into your child's mouth. Point the dropper so the medicine goes toward the inner cheek.
- Extended-release tablet: Swallow the extended-release tablet whole. Do not crush, break, or chew it. Take this medicine with a full glass of water.
- Use only the brand of medicine your doctor prescribed. Other brands may not work the same way.
- Missed dose: Take a dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, wait until then and take a regular dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up for a missed dose.
- Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light.
Drugs and Foods to Avoid:
Ask your doctor or pharmacist before using any other medicine, including over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products.
- Some medicines and foods can affect how acetaminophen works. Tell your doctor if you are taking a blood thinner, such as warfarin.
- Do not drink alcohol while you are using this medicine. Acetaminophen can damage your liver, and alcohol can increase this risk. Do not take acetaminophen without asking your doctor if you have 3 or more drinks of alcohol every day.
Warnings While Using This Medicine:
- Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or if you have kidney or liver disease. Tell your doctor if you have phenylketonuria (PKU). Some brands of acetaminophen contain aspartame, which can make PKU worse.
- This medicine contains acetaminophen. Read the labels of all other medicines you are using to see if they also contain acetaminophen, or ask your doctor or pharmacist. Do not use more than 4 grams (4,000 milligrams) total of acetaminophen in one day. For Tylenol® Extra Strength, it is not safe to take more than 3 grams (3,000 milligrams) in 1 day.
- Call your doctor if your symptoms do not improve or if they get worse.
- Tell any doctor or dentist who treats you that you are using this medicine. This medicine may affect certain medical test results.
- Keep all medicine out of the reach of children. Never share your medicine with anyone.
Possible Side Effects While Using This Medicine:
Call your doctor right away if you notice any of these side effects:
- Allergic reaction: Itching or hives, swelling in your face or hands, swelling or tingling in your mouth or throat, chest tightness, trouble breathing
- Bloody or black, tarry stools
- Dark urine or pale stools, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, severe stomach pain, yellow skin or eyes
- Fever or a sore throat that lasts longer than 3 days, or pain that lasts longer than 5 days
- Lightheadedness, fainting, sweating, or weakness
- Unusual bleeding or bruising
- Vomiting blood or material that looks like coffee grounds
If you notice other side effects that you think are caused by this medicine, tell your doctor
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088
Last Updated: 8/5/2022 | <urn:uuid:61f55802-66c6-4a79-8ad9-5efbf8f5e1d5> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ssl.adam.com/content.aspx?productid=45&pid=45&gid=0156&site=nchse3.adam.com&login=NORT3811 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00675.warc.gz | en | 0.874495 | 1,232 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Initially the Vinaver theory that Malory’s eight romances, once thought to be fundamentally unified, were in fact eight independent works produced both a sense of relief and an unpleasant shock. Vinaver’s theory comfortably explained away the apparent contradictions of chronology and made each romance independently satisfying. It was, however, disagreeable to find that what had been thought of as one book was now eight books. Part of this response was the natural reaction to the disturbance of set ideas. Nevertheless, even now, after lengthy consideration of the theory’s refined but legitimate observations, one cannot avoid the conclusion that the eight romances are only one work. It is not quite a matter of disagreeing with the theory of independence, but of rejecting its implications: that the romances may be taken in any or no particular order, that they have no cumulative effect, and that they are as separate as the works of a modern novelist.
1. The primary purpose of the passage is to
(A) discuss the validity of a hypothesis
(B) summarize a system of general principles
(C) propose guidelines for future argument
(D) stipulate conditions for acceptance of an interpretation
(E) deny accusations about an apparent contradiction
2. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes which of the following about Malory’s works?
I. There are meaningful links between and among the romances.
II. The subtleties of the romances are obscured when they are taken as one work.
III. Any contradictions in chronology among the romances are less important than their overall unity.
(A) I only
(B) III only
(C) I and III only
(D) II and III only
(E) I, II, and III
3. The author of the passage concedes which of the following about the Vinaver theory?
(A) It gives a clearer understanding of the unity of Malory’s romances.
(B) It demonstrates the irrationality of considering Malory’s romances to be unified.
(C) It establishes acceptable links between Malory’s romances and modern novels.
(D) It unifies earlier and later theories concerning the chronology of Malory’s romances.
(E) It makes valid and subtle comments about Malory’s romances.
4. It can be inferred from the passage that, in evaluating the Vinaver theory, some critics were
(A) frequently misled by the inconsistencies in Malory’s work
(B) initially biased by previous interpretations of Malory’s work
(C) conceptually displeased by the general interpretation that Vinaver rejected
(D) generally in agreement with Vinaver’s comparisons between Malory and modern novelists
(E) originally skeptical about Vinaver’s early conclusions with respect to modern novels
The path is long, but self-surrender makes it short;
the way is difficult, but perfect trust makes it easy. | <urn:uuid:a34263cf-299d-4857-a2bc-f8105220f4be> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://gmatclub.com/forum/initially-the-vinaver-theory-that-malory-s-eight-romances-38090.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00015-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.936391 | 653 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Coast Guard warns of possible ice in upper Chesapeake
The Captain of the Port Maryland-National Capital Region set seasonal alert status Thursday for the Upper Chesapeake Bay.
Seasonal alert status is the posture set from Dec. 15 to March 31 to prepare for the potential presence of ice.
Within the Coast Guard Sector Maryland-National Capital Region Zone, navigable waters can be affected by early ice formation in the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal and Upper Potomac River, including the ports of Baltimore and Washington.
Captain of the Port Maryland-National Capital Region may establish additional requirements for specific geographical areas of the Captain of the Port zone if conditions warrant such restrictions.
Ice-related vessel and/or waterway restrictions are announced via Coast Guard broadcast notices to mariners five times daily at 3 a.m., 7:05 a.m., 11:30 a.m., 4 p.m. and 8:30 p.m. local time on marine band radio VHF-FM channel 22A.
The status for local waterways can also be located by calling the Sector Maryland-National Capital Region ice line at 410-576-2682.
The status and extent of these restrictions are continuously evaluated as ice condition reports are received and assessed.
Mariners observing any ice conditions are asked to report this information to the Coast Guard via marine band radio VHF-FM channel 16, by calling 410-576-2693 or via email at firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:27d5ea7c-8be0-48a4-a280-2cdb125824a2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.delmarvanow.com/story/news/local/maryland/2016/12/19/coast-guard-warns-possible-ice-upper-chesapeake/95622788/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571502.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811194507-20220811224507-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.909067 | 319 | 1.710938 | 2 |
The Northeast District Department of Health inspects restaurants and other food service establishments, homes, schools, convalescent homes and other institutions working to prevent the spread of communicable diseases. Review, test and approve new septic systems as well as a review and approval of system repairs and/or expansion. Test drinking water, paint samples for lead. Investigates complaints in regard to public health hazards.
Representative: Nathan Swift Alternate Representative: Vacancy
Union was the last town to be settled east of the Connecticut River, largely because of its rough terrain and poor soil. In 1633, John Oldham, an adventurer from Massachusetts, obtained specimens of black lead or graphite from the Indians. During the Revolutionary War Governor Trumbull tapped this valuable resource for use at cannon foundries. On July 1, 1720 the General Assembly sold 12,500 acres to 12 proprietors for 307 pounds, comprising the area that is now Union. | <urn:uuid:83366b0e-7d4c-499b-bbc2-61464c974c54> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.unionconnecticut.org/health-office/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.940265 | 189 | 2.015625 | 2 |
For Immediate Release
ATF in Partnership with National Explosives Task Force (NETF) Issues a Public Safety Advisory on Exploding Targets
The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) along with the National Explosives Task Force (NETF) is increasing awareness on the potential dangers of misusing exploding targets in response to the number of reported accidents and in the interest of public safety.
Exploding targets are not regulated by ATF but can pose serious injuries or death if incorrectly used by a sportsman. The advisory is designed to inform people using or encountering the targets that, when mixed, they are high explosives and should be treated with caution and in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions. Please see the NETF advisory here.
Click for additional information on explosives in the United States.
# # # | <urn:uuid:4e10c314-591f-46b4-b7c7-df1ab643048d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.atf.gov/news/pr/atf-partnership-national-explosives-task-force-netf-issues-public-safety-advisory-exploding | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00479.warc.gz | en | 0.921548 | 170 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Faustus' character is certainly not one-dimensional. Throughout the timeframe of twenty-four years in which the play takes place, we see Faustus in different lights, but none of them provide a cast-iron mold of what 'type' of character Faustus is. Thus we can assume he is three-dimensional; extremely complex. Marlowe likely developed Faustus in this way so as to provide the audience with questions rather than answers. However, many critics have perceived elements of humanism portrayed through Faustus. Although due to my prior explanation we cannot wholly label Faustus a humanist, we can analyse what ideas and notions he develops within the play that could imply this concept.
Religion is clearly a large theme in Doctor Faustus. Faustus is no atheist ? his pact with the Devil, no matter how dubious of Hell he is, provides solid evidence of another world. Critic George Santayana stated in 1910 that "He (Faustus) is no radical unbeliever, no natural mate for the Devil?like the typical villain of Renaissance."
Although you do not have to be an atheist to be a humanist, Santayana's point implies that Faustus' Christianity supports the idea that he is incapable of humanist thought.
Faustus' belief in God is proved in the text as he quarrels with himself over his decision to sell his soul to Lucifer:
Ay, and Faustus will turn to God again.
To God? He loves thee not;
The god thou serv'st is thine own appetite,
Wherein is fix'd the love of Beelzebub
Although Faustus' faith in God's love is uncertain, his belief in both a god and a devil are determined.
Of course, the belief in a god is not simply enough to prove Faustus a humanist. Humanists that are Christians still believe in a god but believe the power of man to be stronger ?... | <urn:uuid:dd97382e-619b-4479-8d64-e12869726bc3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.writework.com/essay/extent-faustus-humanist-essay-refers-studying-text-doctor | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00336-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947099 | 400 | 2.75 | 3 |
This document demonstrates the potential usefulness of beadplexr with data generated with the CBA assay system from BD, and the MACSPlex assay system from Miltenyi Biotec. The package has been tested with assay data from the two systems. Unfortunately, I cannot share the data - for demonstration purposes I have simulated data for the two systems. The simulated data is deliberately noisy, and do not reflect the true quality of the respective assays. The sole purpose of the simulated data is to mimic the two dimensional bead identification.
## ## Attaching package: 'dplyr'
## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats': ## ## filter, lag
## The following objects are masked from 'package:base': ## ## intersect, setdiff, setequal, union
The data from the CBA system is similar to the data from the MACSPlex system: there is a single population in the forward-side scatter and 10 populations separated by brightness of FITC and PE. The concentration of the analytes are given in the APC channel.
<- simplex[["mplex"]] mplex_data |> mplex_data facs_plot(.x = "FSC", .y = "SSC", .type = "hex") |> mplex_data facs_plot(.x = "FITC", .y = "PE", .type = "hex")
There is a single bead population in the forward-side scatter and up to 30 bead populations separated by the brightness of APC and APC-Cy7. The concentration of the analytes are given in the PS channel.
<- simplex[["cba"]] cba_data |> cba_data facs_plot(.x = "FSC", .y = "SSC", .type = "hex") |> cba_data facs_plot(.x = "APC", .y = "APC-Cy7", .type = "hex")
Since there is just a single population in the forward-side scatter we can jump straight to identification of the analytes. It is of course possible to decrease spurious analyte signals by focusing on true bead events in the forward-side scatter, and it might be necessary in a true experiment.
We use the
identify_analyte() to annotate the correct analytes in the MACSPlex-like data. The function requires the parameter
.analyte_id, which – in a true experiment – correspond to some identifier given by Miltenyi Biotec. Here we just assign a number.
The function also allows for removing events that are far from the center of the analyte clusters. This is done by the parameter
.trim. Here we set the value to
0.1 which means that 10% of the events are removed from the clusters. Excluded events are given the analyte ID
NA and can easily be excluded from further processing.
<- mplex_data |> mplex_analyte identify_analyte(.parameter = c("FITC", "PE"), .analyte_id = as.character(c(1:10))) |> mplex_analyte facs_plot(.x = "FITC", .y = "PE", .beads = "analyte")
<- mplex_data |> mplex_analyte identify_analyte(.parameter = c("FITC", "PE"), .analyte_id = as.character(c(1:10)), .trim = 0.1) |> mplex_analyte facs_plot(.x = "FITC", .y = "PE", .beads = "analyte")
We can now look at the intensity of the APC channel, to find the relative amount of analyte bound to each bead. In this case it makes very little sense, but we’ll do it for the purpose of completeness
|> mplex_analyte filter(!is.na(analyte)) |> mutate(analyte = factor(analyte, levels = c(1:10))) |> ggplot() + aes(x = APC, fill = analyte) + geom_density()+ facet_wrap(~ analyte)+ theme(legend.position = "none")
The trimming can also be done on the identified analytes. Here we remove 5% of the events.
|> mplex_analyte # filter(!is.na(analyte)) |> group_by(analyte) |> trim_population(.parameter = "APC", .column_name = "analyte", .trim = 0.05) |> ungroup() |> mutate(analyte = factor(analyte, levels = c(1:10))) |> ggplot() + aes(x = APC, fill = analyte) + geom_density() + facet_wrap(~ analyte) + theme(legend.position = "none")
For the CBA assay system, the approach is quite similar to the MACSPlex:
<- cba_data |> cba_analyte identify_analyte(.parameter = c("APC", "APC-Cy7"), .analyte_id = as.character(c(1:30)), .trim = 0.1) |> cba_analyte facs_plot(.x = "APC", .y = "APC-Cy7", .beads = "analyte")
The analyte ID is assigned to each cluster, based on the order of the center of the cluster. For analytes where the bead is identified by two fluorescent parameters it could be a little tricky, because the centers are first sorted by the first parameter given, and then the second. The order of parameters and analyte IDs matter a lot! I urge you to double check that the beads are identified as expected. Once you have everything sorted out, it should remain stable for your cytometer.
For the simulated MACSPlex-like data the IDs are assigned as below.
|> mplex_analyte filter(!is.na(analyte)) |> group_by(analyte) |> summarise(`FITC mean` = mean(FITC), `PE mean` = mean(PE)) |> arrange(`FITC mean`, `PE mean`) |> ::kable() knitr
|analyte||FITC mean||PE mean|
For the CBA-like data, some clusters are still a bit too wide, while the trimming of
0.1 made others look quite fine. The simulated data contains a bit of noise hat might interfere the the cluster identification. This noise might not be present in the a true experiment, but is included to demonstrate the removal of lonely, noisy events by the
despeckel() functionality of beadplexr.
<- cba_data |> cba_analyte despeckle(.parameter = c("APC", "APC-Cy7"), .neighbours = 2) |> identify_analyte(.parameter = c("APC", "APC-Cy7"), .analyte_id = as.character(c(1:30)), .trim = 0.01)
## Loading required namespace: igraph
|> cba_analyte facs_plot(.x = "APC", .y = "APC-Cy7", .beads = "analyte")
In this particular example, the
despeckle() is a little too rough on the population in the lower left corner, and it is probably more prudent to accept a little noise on one analyte than decimation of another.
## R version 4.1.2 (2021-11-01) ## Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit) ## Running under: Ubuntu 21.04 ## ## Matrix products: default ## BLAS: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/blas/libblas.so.3.9.0 ## LAPACK: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/lapack/liblapack.so.3.9.0 ## ## locale: ## LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8 LC_NUMERIC=C ## LC_TIME=de_DE.UTF-8 LC_COLLATE=C ## LC_MONETARY=de_DE.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8 ## LC_PAPER=de_DE.UTF-8 LC_NAME=C ## LC_ADDRESS=C LC_TELEPHONE=C ## LC_MEASUREMENT=de_DE.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C ## ## attached base packages: ## stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base ## ## other attached packages: ## ggplot2_3.3.5 dplyr_1.0.8 beadplexr_0.4.1 ## ## loaded via a namespace (and not attached): ## tidyselect_1.1.2 terra_1.5-21 xfun_0.30 bslib_0.3.1 ## purrr_0.3.4 lattice_0.20-45 colorspace_2.0-3 vctrs_0.3.8 ## generics_0.1.2 htmltools_0.5.2 yaml_2.3.5 utf8_1.2.2 ## rlang_1.0.1 hexbin_1.28.2 jquerylib_0.1.4 pillar_1.7.0 ## glue_1.6.2 withr_2.5.0 sp_1.4-6 lifecycle_1.0.1 ## stringr_1.4.0 munsell_0.5.0 gtable_0.3.0 raster_3.5-15 ## codetools_0.2-18 evaluate_0.15 labeling_0.4.2 knitr_1.37 ## fastmap_1.1.0 fansi_1.0.2 highr_0.9 Rcpp_1.0.8 ## scales_1.1.1 jsonlite_1.8.0 farver_2.1.0 digest_0.6.29 ## stringi_1.7.6 grid_4.1.2 cli_3.2.0 tools_4.1.2 ## magrittr_2.0.2 sass_0.4.0 tibble_3.1.6 cluster_2.1.2 ## crayon_1.5.0 tidyr_1.2.0 pkgconfig_2.0.3 ellipsis_0.3.2 ## rmarkdown_2.12 rstudioapi_0.13 R6_2.5.1 mclust_5.4.9 ## igraph_1.2.11 compiler_4.1.2 | <urn:uuid:7b8dab21-33c3-4f09-9d44-729c3f530260> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://cran.rediris.es/web/packages/beadplexr/vignettes/cba_macsplex_example.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.697869 | 2,671 | 1.914063 | 2 |
Welcome to OurAirports, a site for discovering and discussing the world's airports. This site currently has information about 73,087 airports around the world, and our members have personally visited 13,696 of them and left 15,152 comments.
(This page contains information about using the OurAirports interface. If you are interested in information about the open-data formats, please visit the Data dictionary page.
Topics: Searching for airports | Using the map
The search box at the top right of every page is the easiest way to find an airport: just type in an airport code (like "LHR" or "KLAX") or an airport location (like "Cairo, Egypt") and OurAirports will show you the best candidates. You can also explore the site interactively by scrolling and zooming on the Big Map or drilling down by continent, country, and region, starting with The World.
|Airport code||LAX||Any ICAO, IATA, or local airport code, or an OurAirports identifier for airports that don't have official codes.|
|Keyword||Dakar||Any word(s) that might appear in the airport name, city, administrative region, country, or continent.|
|Latitude, Longitude||23.843347,90.397783||Latitude and longitude in decimal format, separated by a comma (some other lat/lon formats will also work, such as N04 42 05 W074 08 48).|
|Large airport||Land airport with scheduled major airline service with millions of passengers/year, or major military base).|
|Medium airport||Land airport with scheduled regional airline service, or regular general aviation or military traffic.|
|Small airport||Land airport with little or no scheduled service, light general aviation traffic.|
|Heliport||Helicopter pad(s) with no runways available for fixed-wing aircraft.|
|Seaplane base||Docking/fueling area for seaplanes, with no facilities for land aircraft.|
|Closed||Any type of airport that's no longer operational.|
More airports and/or navaids appear as you zoom in closer on the map.
An airport icon will appear green when it is the currently-selected airport, or grey when it falls outside the set of airports you're currently viewing (e.g. not in the same country, not in the list of airport's you've visited, etc.).
|Single member||Location of an airport where a single OurAirports member is based.|
|Multiple members||Location of an airport with more than one OurAirports member.| | <urn:uuid:da785d24-3663-496a-b0d4-2c10f1984cc7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ourairports.com/help/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.884958 | 580 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Between 1840 and 1930, nearly a million francophones from Canada emigrated to the United States. (See also Canada and United States.) Most emigrants came from Quebec. There were also Acadians from the Atlantic provinces. These emigrants lived throughout the Northern US, but most settled in New England. The largest cohort worked in the textile industry. The 1880s and 1890s were the crest of several waves of emigration that ended with the Great Depression. Also known as Franco-Americans, about two million French Canadian descendants live in New England today. | <urn:uuid:633b5079-7e46-4331-987d-39d7d2a1ba59> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca:443/en/search?category_id=a771df20-0588-4b3f-816c-769df3bc56c2&search=residential%20schools | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.983554 | 116 | 3.765625 | 4 |
As posted by Dr. Mahathir Mohamad at Che Det on November 29, 2011
1. Not many Malaysians are aware that from 19th November to 22nd November a trial on war crimes was held in Kuala Lumpur.
2. Many would say what is the use of a trial by a tribunal which is not recognised by any Government. And in addition the accused persons were not present although the summons were legally served on them.
3. But think again.
4. It is a legal and moral principle that everyone must be equal before the law. In Malaysia even the reigning Sultans are not above the law.
5. It follows that no one, no country should be above international law.
6. In the charter of the United Nations no country is accorded the privilege or status of being above the laws, rules and regulations of the UN.
7. We frequently read reports of tribunals being set up by the UN and also by the victors in war to try war criminals. In Nuremberg and Tokyo the “war criminals” were sentenced to death by the tribunals.
8. However, it has become obvious that the powerful countries and their leaders have never been tried for the crimes they have committed. They are clearly above the law.
9. Do we accept this? If we do then we would be accepting what is a travesty of justice.
10. The general assembly of the United Nations and the weak nations of the world have found no way for applying the laws, international or otherwise, against powerful leaders of powerful countries who are clearly involved in international crimes.
11. The UN and the international community have failed.
12. The world should not accept this failure. Somehow some punishment should be meted to countries and leaders guilty of international crimes. Their deeds must be put before a court of law and the verdict pronounced, After that the world body would be informed as will the different agencies concerned with the maintenance of world peace.
13. This is the age of the NGOs, the Non-Governmental Organisations. Like it or not the Government must recognise the NGOs seriously and consider their views.
14. The Tribunal set up by the people is an NGO. It behoves Government and international institutions like the UN to take srious note of the Tribunal as an international NGO.
15. The general public also should take note of the verdict of the Tribunal. Otherwise they will, in one way or another, be honouring criminals, international criminals. | <urn:uuid:ec2f24a4-2301-41b9-9081-c4784f88279b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://mahathir-mohamad.blogspot.com/2011_11_01_archive.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00438-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964277 | 517 | 2.890625 | 3 |
|Lincoln is considered by many to be the greatest American President. He was elected on a strongly anti-slavery platform. With his election, the Southern States seceeded from the Union. Lincoln fought the Civil War to retain the integrity of the Union.
Elected 1860 1864
The Early Years
Abraham Lincoln grew up in poverty. He was born in a log cabin in Larue County, Kentucky. When Lincoln was seven, his family moved to Indiana. At the age of nine, Lincoln's mother died. His father remarried and Lincoln became attached to his stepmother, Sarah. He received very little formal education, but taught himself to read. At the age of 19, Lincoln took a raft full of goods down the Mississippi to New Orleans. After his trip to Mississippi, he moved to Illinois with the rest of the family. After a second trip to New Orleans, Lincoln moved to the frontier settlement of New Salem. At first, Lincoln worked as a store clerk for $15 a month plus accommodations.
In 1832, Lincoln responded to the governor's called for volunteers for the Black Hawk War. He was elected captain of a group of volunteers. After serving for a little less than three months, Lincoln was mustered out without seeing any action.
In 1832 Lincoln ran unsuccessfully for the State Assembly. From 1833-1836 Lincoln served in his first federal office, that of Postmaster of New Salem. From 1834-1842, he served as a member of the Illinois State legislature. While a member of the legislature, Lincoln studied law and was admitted as a member of the State Bar in 1836.
In 1842 he married Mary Todd.
From 1847-1849 Lincoln served in the US House of Representatives. Lincoln did not seek reelection, and he returned to his law practice in Springfield despite being offered the posts of Secretary and Governor of the Oregon Territory. In 1854 Lincoln ran for the Senate, and although he led on the first six ballots, he lost on the seventh to Lyman Trumball. (Senators were elected by the legislature at that time). In 1858 Lincoln was nominated by the Republican party for the Senate. At his acceptance speech he stated:
"We are now far into the fifth year since a policy was initiated with the avowed object and confident promise of putting an end to slavery agitation. Under the operation of that policy, that agitation has not only not ceased, but has constantly augmented. In my opinion, it will not cease until a crisis shall have been reached and passed. A house divided against itself cannot endure and permanently stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved; I do not expect the house to fall; but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing or all the other. Either opponents of slavery will arrest the further spread of it, and place it where the public mind shall rest in the belief that it is in the course of ultimate extinction, or its advocates will push it towards till it shall become alike lawful in all the States old as well as new, North as well as South."
Lincoln and his opponent, incumbent Senator Stephen Douglas, carried out a series of seven debates throughout Illinois. The major difference between them was Douglas' insistence that it was up to new States to decide if they would be free states or not. While the Republicans received the majority of the votes in the election, the majority of the legislature ended up Democratic and Douglas was re-elected.
Accomplishements in Office
The Presidency of Abraham Lincoln was dominated by the Civil War. Despite his limited military background, Lincoln became a strong military leader, directing the actions of the Union. Lincoln amassed considerable executive power- proclaiming a blockade and suspending habeas corpus. All of this was done to "Preserve the Union".
Lincoln's prompt action in ordering the release of Confederate envoys seized on a British ship avoided a potential conflict with Great Britain. Lincoln was a champion of Ulysses S. Grant, who was controversial as a General due to his unkempt appearance and fondness for drinking. When someone complained to Lincoln about Grant's habits, he replied that if he knew Grant's favorite brand, he would send it to all his Generals.
Lincoln's most well-known action was the Emancipation Proclamation, issued on January 1, 1863 after the victory at Antietam. The proclamation freed all slaves held in areas still controlled by the Confederacy.
After his re-election, as the war drew towards a successful conclusion, Lincoln remained committed to reconciliation with the South. In his second inaugural speech he promised "malice towards none'. The peace treaty, signed April 9, 1865 at Appottomax, a month after his inaugural speech, were indeed generous. Southern officers were allowed to return home with their side arms, mounted soldiers with their horses.
Five days later, Lincoln was shot by John Wilkes Booth at the Ford Theater.
The First Family
Father: Thomas Lincoln
Mother: Nancy Hanks Lincoln
Wife: Mary Todd
Sons: Robert Todd, William Wallace, Thomas
Ft. Sumter Bombed
Battle of Gettysburg
Lincoln's Second Inaugural
War Comes to an End
Secretary of State: William Seward
Secretaries of Treasury: Salomon Chase, William Fessenden, Hugh McCullochs
Secretaries of War Simon Cameron, Edwin Stanton
Attorney Generals: Edward Bates, James Speed
Secretary of Navy: Gideon Welles
Postmaster Generals: Montgomery Blair, William Dennision
Secretaries of Interior: Caleb Smith, John Usher
Did You Know?
First President born in Kentuky
First President to be assasinated.
Applied for a patent for buoying vessels over shoals.
First President to wear a beard.
Inaugural Address 2 | <urn:uuid:f2f78adc-ec7d-40ed-bd54-17de2f53566b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.historycentral.com/Bio/presidents/lincoln.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00290-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976086 | 1,224 | 3.640625 | 4 |
This Is Home... Really?! Photos Of Your Neighbourhood From A Different Perspective
STORY: Ng Kai
27 July 2021
All it takes is a different perspective (or a trained eye and some lucky) and you can snap shots that turn out amazing. We've rounded up some sibei cool pics of (if you can believe it) Singapore that will really bring out the essence of what we constantly celebrate here on Wonderwall.sg - "the wonder of home".
The maestro: Jacobs Chong is a 46-year-old hobbyist photographer who works as a sales and distribution manager. He took this super swee shot to showcase the spirit of "Singapore Together", as we unite to recover and rebuild for a stronger, more sustainable tomorrow. The photo was shot from level 57 of Hotel Swissôtel The Stamford.
The maestro: @mryewhui is no stranger to photography, having pursued it for 11 years and counting. He sees a silver lining in the pandemic as he was able to find time during the lockdowns to refine his skills.
The maestro: @_bryangraphy managed to capture this colourful shot at the Wei Tuo Fa Gong temple. The temple houses shrines dedicated to different gods like Datuk Gong hillside spirits, Hindu gods and Chinese Buddhas. It is also a place of worship for Tibetan Buddhist devotees.
Little bit of a history lesson: The temple is located on a small hillock in western Pulau Ubin. It is at least 80 years old. The temple evolved from a private residential house to become a public temple during the 1950s.
The maestro: @mayumi_sleep caught this beautiful composition of light trails against a backdrop of HDB blocks located on Upper Cross Street near Chinatown. She especially likes the moon, stars, and sun painted across the walls of the HDB blocks.
The maestro: It would be an understatement to say that 33-year-old @rog3rgoh - a graphic designer and one of Singapore's most well-known local urban Instagrammers - has a keen eye for gorgeous, creative snaps. This is probably one of the last few kampungs in Singapore that still survive, and provides respite and a refreshing change of scenery from our skyscrapers and city skyline.
The maestro: @jaycee.wh works in product marketing, and the 45-year old has an uncanny eye for the most mesmerising shots. He chanced upon this place while exploring Kampong Glam one evening. Captivated by the lights and displays in the shop, he took the shot to capture the scene in all its mesmerising vibrancy.
The maestro: @yiming.spyo started photography 4 years ago as a hobby and has been working on his craft since. When he started out, Chinese Gardens was his go-to place to practise because it offered a bit of everything he wanted to photograph. And we can see why this is his favourite spot in Singapore just from the majestic view he's captured. | <urn:uuid:85cd2a9f-201a-4bd3-a47a-2270880abf6f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wonderwall.sg/places/this-is-home-really-photos-of-your-neighbourhood-from-a-different-perspective/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.968627 | 634 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Governing - not ruling - Karnataka
The challenges facing the state are many. It isn't just the manifesto promises: the one kg rice at Rs 1 with a maximum of 30 kg to BPL card holders, interest-free loans to farmers, free laptops to pre-university students, an eight-lane expressway between Bidar in the north to Chamarajanagar in the south to promote industrial development; connectivity with major ports and airports, industrial townships; promotion of garments, textiles, engineering, automobile industries and creation of five million jobs... It is also the slowdown in the state's agricultural growth and the huge power deficit.
During its tenure, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) government took one laudable step: it set up a large number of thermal power projects in the state. These, in Raichur, Bellary and elsewhere, which have now also got environmental clearances, will add as much as 5,000 Mw to the state kitty, making it power surplus once they are operational. This is where the problem lies. There is no coal linkage. The Yermarus thermal power plant, for instance, which still needs coal linkage will alone add 1,600 Mw. The upside is that for the first time in recent history, the same party that's in power in Bangalore will be in power in New Delhi. So, for at least one year, the state would ask and the Centre would give. Read More | <urn:uuid:f644d4e8-d919-4ff8-8c61-7249ecb00948> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.indiaspend.com/governing-not-ruling-karnataka/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00075.warc.gz | en | 0.955494 | 304 | 1.914063 | 2 |
One of the big complaints critics have of Florida’s new math, English and literacy standards — known as Common Core — is that the standards haven’t been field tested to make sure they work.
While not a field test, Kentucky has been using the standards since 2011. Lawmakers had told state education officials to come up with new standards. Rather than adopt a stopgap, Kentucky schools jumped into Common Core with both feet.
But Kentucky hasn’t seen the backlash against Common Core that other states have. Here’s our colleagues StateImpact Indiana on why:
Let’s be clear — for Kentucky, the Common Core is a clear step up from the academic standards it replaced. The state’s old standards got a D from the Thomas B. Fordham Institute.
“The standards for high school resemble those for middle school,” according to the report. “At times the standards seem to represent a perpetual remedial course.”
“I think it really shifts the debate from ‘Is this a slam dunk? Yes,’ to ‘Should we adopt with additions or with recommendations or with caveats?’” Fordham’s Kathleen Porter-Magee told StateImpact at Indiana’s first Common Core hearing.
But in Kentucky, no one is arguing for a return to the old standards. So when you ask teachers about Common Core pushback, they assume you’re talking about other educators.
“I saw a lot of math teachers who were initially resistant to Common Core at the high school level start to change their mind when they realize there are some changes being made at the lower grades, changes they’d wanted to happen for a long time,” says Ryan Davis, a math teacher at Central.
Kentucky school officials said it will take several more years to fully adjust to the new standards and accompanying tests. Kentucky experienced the predicted drop in passing rates when they switched to a new Common Core-tied exam. Florida expects a similar drop.
The Hechinger Report found a similar experience in Louisville, where schools have yet to see test scores improve following the initial decline. Kentucky school officials said the rest of the country should expect a slow and challenging transition:
At Liberty, a school for students at risk of dropping out where 87 percent of students are eligible for free or reduced price lunch—a measure of poverty—the faculty has attended multiple district-run trainings on the new standards and overhauled lesson plans. Like educational leaders around the country, they’re putting their faith in Common Core to make significant improvements in student achievement. But after more than two years of effort at Liberty, they have yet to see a substantial increase in test scores—the yardstick that the success of the new standards will ultimately be measured on.
Across the state, test scores are still dismal and state officials have expressed concern that the pace of improvement is not fast enough. Districts have also seen varying success in changing how teachers teach, something that was supposed to dramatically change under the new standards. In 2010 Kentucky was the first of 45 states to adopt the new standards, making the state a test case that others are watching closely as they roll out Common Core and try to manage a growing backlash against the standards. So far, the state’s experience suggests it will be a slow and potentially frustrating road ahead.
Florida is one of 45 states which has fully adopted the Common Core standards. The standards outline what students should know at the end of each grade. | <urn:uuid:ce0262e1-ab1c-46d2-9e41-46c6f94343e8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://stateimpact.npr.org/florida/2013/10/21/the-commonwealth-of-common-core-what-florida-can-learn-from-kentucky/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00199-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95806 | 730 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Creating Human-Like Facial Expressions Utilizing Artificial Muscles and Skin
MetadataShow full item record
The performance of the servo motor based face was quite realistic but it suffers from the drawback of large power consumption, bulky, heavy, and limited functionality. Thus, significant effort was made in developing a Biometal fiber and Flexinol shape memory alloy actuator (SMA) based biped mountable baby head facial structure which resembles the form and functionality of a human being. SMAs were embedded inside a skull and connected to elastomeric skin at control points. An engineered architecture of skull was fabricated that incorporates all the muscles with their 35 routine pulleys, two fire wire CMOS cameras that serve as eyes, and a battery powered microcontroller base driving circuit within the total dimensions of 140 mm x 90 mm x 110 mm. The driving circuit was designed such that it can be easily integrated with biped and processed in real-time. The humanoid face with 12DOF was mounted on the body of DARwIn (Dynamic Anthropomorphic Robot with Intelligence) robot which has 21 DOF resulting in a total of 33 DOF system. Characterization results on the face and associated design issues are described that provide pathways for developing human-like facial anatomy. Numerical simulation using Simulink was conducted to assess the performance of a prototypic robotic face mainly focusing on jaw movement. A graphical method â Graphical Facial Expression Analysis and Design (GFEAD)â was developed that can be used to allocate the sinking points on robotic head. The method assumes that the origin of the action units are known prior and the underlying criterion in the design of faces being deformation of a soft elastomeric skin through tension in anchoring wires attached on one end to the sinking point and on the other to the actuator. Experimental characterization on a prototyping humanoid face was performed to validate the model and demonstrate the applicability on a generic platform.
During characterization of the SMA based face, it was found that the currently available artificial muscle technologies do not meet the entire requirement for being embedded in the skin and provide the required strain rate, maximum strain, blocking force, response time and energy density. Thus an effort was made to develop conducting polymer based artificial muscles which can meet the metrics of human muscle. Composite stripe and zigzag actuators consisting of a sandwich structure polypyrrole /poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PPy/PVDF) were synthesized using potentiodynamic film growth on gold electrodes. The synthesis was done from an aqueous solution containing tetrabutylammonium Perchlorate (TBAP) and pyrrole by polymerization at room temperature. For depositing thin PPy films and thereby minimizing the response time, an experimental optimization of the deposition conditions was performed. The number of current-potential (potentiodynamic) growth cycles and the thickness of the deposited PPy film were highly correlated in the initial stages of polymer film growth. Strip actuator of size 11 x 5 mm2 with 63µm exhibited a deflection of 3mm under 1V DC voltage and 2mm deflection under 8V AC voltage at 0.5 Hz. It was found that three-segment zigzag actuator of segment length 15x2.5mm and thickness 63µm amplifies the displacement by 1.5 times.
A study was also conducted on the synthesis and characterization of thick and thin film polypyrrole (PPy) â metal composite actuators. The fabrication method consisted of three steps based upon the approach proposed by Ding et al.: (i) winding the conductive spiral structure around the platinum (Pt)-wire core, (ii) deposition of PPy film on the Pt-wire core, and (iii) removal of the Pt-wire core. This approach yielded good performance from the synthesized actuators, but was complex to implement due to the difficulty in implementing the third step. To overcome the problem of mechanical damage occurring during withdrawal of Pt-wire, the core was replaced with a dispensable gold coated polylactide fiber that could be dissolved at the end of deposition step. Experimental results indicate that thin film actuators perform better in terms of response time and blocking force. A unique muscle-like structure with smoothly varying cross-section was grown by combining layer by layer deposition with changes in position and orientation of the counter electrode in reference to the working electrode. Synthesis of polypyrroleâ metal coil was conducted in aqueous solution containing 0.25 M Pyrrole, 0.10 M TBAP and 0.50 M KCl. The actuator consisted of a single layer of platinum winding on a core substrate. Electrochemical characterization for free strain and blocking stress was conducted 0.1 M TBAP solution and a 6% free strain was obtained at an applied potential of 6V DC after 80 s stimulation time. The blocking stress 18 kPa was estimated by extrapolating the strain magnitude on stress-strain diagram. For axial type actuator with coil winding, a generalized governing equation for the electrochemical stress generated from polypyrroleâ metal coil which accommodates the effect of magnetic field due to winding was proposed and numerically studied. It was considered as insightful modeling.
- Doctoral Dissertations | <urn:uuid:81ce3310-503d-43ec-9082-6556bfc65cfd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/30159 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00164-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948695 | 1,095 | 2.3125 | 2 |
Farrukhnagar is a village about 30 km’s from Gurgaon, just ahead of Sultanpur Bird Sanctuary. I read about it on the Internet and on the Republic day decided to visit it. We lost our way and it took us a couple of hours to reach the place. But then this is what the adventure is all about when you go around the place before you enter it. The road at this point in time was enveloped with golden mustard fields on both sides. The small water bodies on the sides of the roads and in between the fields were full of a variety of birds. Of course, there are domestic animals that would be roaming around or lazing everywhere. And if you take your eyes across the vast horizon, you will see a few old monuments here and there, mostly through the domes standing out and staring at you.
Farrukhnagar – Heritage monuments to visit
Three monuments that mark the history of this place are a Chhatri, more or less at the entrance of the town. A Gol Baoli or Bauri (a round step well) opposite the Chhatri. And a Sheesh Mahal that probably belonged to some ruler of this region. Gol Baoli is the only maintained monument, which was restored by ASI and was clean, making it a pleasure to visit it. The other two monuments are in such a bad shape that unless you are an absolute history buff you would not like to step into them. While there was no one to look after the Chhatri, there were guards outside the Sheesh Mahal. And children were using the place to play hide and seek.
When I asked them about the cleanliness of the place, they laughed and said “Ab is se saaf kya hoga Madam (Can this place be made cleaner than this)?”
Chhatri is almost an abandoned monument. It is a double storeyed structure with arched doorways. There are stairs to go up but the place was so dirty that it was impossible to take the steps. It seems that some fire might have taken place in the monument at some point as it carries a burnt look. Here and there the paintings peep out on the light yellow background. The inner chamber is open and there is nothing visible inside.
Gol Baoli is a multi-storeyed step well in octagonal shape from inside and round shape from outside. Interestingly, and the entrance to this is through a tunnel that is below the state highway. You can go to the top floor of the Baoli. And have a panoramic view of the town across and the fields all around. One of the staff told us that the monument was taken over and restored by ASI in the mid nineties. You can clearly see the signs of restoration all over the monument. He also mentioned that a lot of visitors come to see the Baoli but we did not meet any other tourists.
Sheesh mahal is an interesting double storeyed structure with many arched openings, a wooden roof and a small channel of water with fountains. You can see a hint of paintings on the walls of the palace. It may have been an open pavilion or a baradari, as the back arches seem to have been closed later. The main pavilion also has double pillared arches. A newly erected martyr memorial stands in the front ground of the palace. Along the boundary wall are rooms on two storeys and the walls carry a typical yellow color of the region. Green parrots on the dull walls look magnificent. It seems the palace was a part of a fort, whose bastions and walls you can see if you take a walk in the streets of the town.
In this small town, there is a huge mosque whose domes you can see from the main bazaar, a Hindu, and a Jain temple. The Jain temple seems to be recent, though I would not pass that judgment as Jain temples are usually maintained on a continuous basis.
Old Haveli Doors
What I found most amusing was the various doors of the old Havelis in the streets of Farrukhnahar. There was a vast variety of the type of doorways to the old houses. Some were simply colorful, some intensively carved and some a combination of both. There was diversity in size, shape, color and style. I just enjoyed looking at them while walking around the small lanes of this town.
You can buy vegetables and fruits from the town that is absolutely fresh. And comes at less than half the price. I loved the Pani Puri there along with the seasonal Gajar ki barfi.
I am not sure if I can recommend this as a weekend getaway from Gurgaon. But you can sure explore it with Sultanpur Bird Sanctuary. | <urn:uuid:c230d5cc-c210-44f8-afcb-6226eb5d4950> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.inditales.com/farrukhnagar-haryana/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00245-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976957 | 991 | 1.914063 | 2 |
St. Louise de Merillac
Sisters of Charity
• 1633 - The founding of the Sisters (or Daughters) of Charity, Servants of the Sick Poor by Sts. Vincent de Paul and Louise de Merillac. The community would not remain in a convent, but would nurse the poor in their homes, "having no monastery but the homes of the sick, their cell a hired room, their chapel the parish church, their enclosure the streets of the city or wards of the hospital." • 1640 - The Sisters assume charge of a hospital at Angers, Frances., philippines • 1645 - Jeanne Mance establishes North America's first hospital, l'Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal. • 1654 and 1656 - Sisters of Charity care for the wounded on the battlefields at Sedan and Arras in France. • 1660 - Over 40 houses of the Sisters of Charity exist in France and several in other countries; the sick poor are helped in their own dwellings in 26 parishes in Paris.
• 1755 - Rabia Choraya, head nurse or matron in the Moroccan Army. She traveled with Braddock’s army during the French & Indian War. She was the highest-paid and most respected woman in the army. • 1783 - James Derham, a slave from New Orleans, buys his freedom with money earned working as a nurse.
a great experience!
• c. 1820 - Jensey Snow, a former slave, opens a hospital in Petersburg, Virginia.
• 1844 - Dorothea Dix testifies to the New Jersey legislature regarding the state's poor treatment of patients with mental illness.
• 1850 - Florence Nightingale, a pioneer of modern nursing, begins her training as a nurse at the Institute of St. Vincent de Paul at Alexandria, Egypt • 1853 - Florence Nightingale visits the Daughters of Charity in their Motherhouse in Paris to learn their methods. • 1854 - Florence Nightingale and 38 volunteer nurses are sent to Turkey on October 21 to assist with caring for the injured of the Crimean War. • 1855 - Mary Seacole leaves London on January 27 to establish a "British Hotel" at Balaklava in the Crimea. • 1856 - Biddy Mason is granted her freedom and moves to Los Angeles. She works as a nurse and midwife and becomes a successful businesswoman. • 1857 - Ellen Ranyard creates the first group of paid social workers in England and pioneers the first district nursing programme in London.
• 1860 - Florence Nightingale's Notes on Nursing: What it is and What it is Not is published. • 1861 - Sally Louisa Tompkins opens a hospital for Confederate soldiers in July. She is later made an officer in the army, the only woman to receive that honor. • 1867 - Jane Currie Blaikie Hoge publishes her memoirs of nursing in the Union Army, The Boys in Blue.
• 1873 - Linda Richards is graduated from the New England Hospital for Women and Children Training School for Nurses and officially becomes America's First Trained Nurse. • 1876 - The Japanese term 看護婦 ("Kangofu" or nurse) is used for the first time. • 1879 - Mary Eliza Mahoney is graduated from the New England Hospital for Women and Children Training School for Nurses and becomes the first black professional nurse in the U.S.
• 1881 - Clara Barton becomes the first President of the American Red Cross, which she founded, on May 21. • 1884 - Mary Agnes Snively, the first Ontario nurse trained according to the principles of Florence Nightingale, assumes the position of Lady Superintendent of the Toronto General Hospital’s School of Nursing. • 1885 - The first nurse training institute is established in Japan, thanks to the pioneering work of Linda Richards. • 1886 - The Nightingale, the first American nursing journal, is published. • 1886 - Spelman Seminary establishes the first nursing program in the U.S. specifically for African-Americans. • 1888 The... | <urn:uuid:5a49f2d9-eab6-46c5-ae98-19db32b153ee> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.studymode.com/essays/All-About-Nursing-184877.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00390-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94587 | 865 | 3.046875 | 3 |
Some of this is just silly. You would think women have dominated riding for 2000+ years...how do folks think all those cavalry riders and cowboys reproduced?
1 - Riding 'on the pockets' is what a western saddle is designed for. It tends to go along with a mild chair seat - not like riding a Harley, but with the feet forward of the belt buckle. It is not wrong. If you look at photos and illustrations from the 1800s, darn near EVERYONE rode with a bit of a chair seat. Some more than a bit.
Apart from dressage, I don't think I've seen more than a couple of photos from before 1950 that showed anyone riding with the 'shoulder-hip-heel' thing.
Think about it girls - have any of your boyfriends ever complained, "I can't sit in a chair, it will crush my balls"?
Most of us have CHAIRS in our homes instead of POLES that we straddle with our heels aligned to our hips. Maybe there is a reason for this? If you don't like company, remove your chairs and install poles for straddling. You won't have many repeat visitors...
2 - Thighs. Most people have them. Use them. Weight can be carried in the thighs as well as the seat. I'm not saying to squeeze with the thighs, but your resting thigh can support weight, just as it does when you are sitting in a chair.
When you post, do you stand up in the stirrups? Well, maybe some do...I've seen it. But for me, posting is more a rolling motion. The horse's thrust rolls me on my thighs to a more forward position, then I let my thighs support some of my weight as I come back down.
For a guy, weight on the thighs is weight that can't smack the family jewels. The thighs form a pocket, just as they do when a guy sits down in a chair...
With a forward seat, more weight is supported by the thighs than the pockets.
3 - Stirrups. Great invention. It isn't wrong or immoral to have weight in the stirrups. It is good to practice without stirrups so you will automatically keep your balance if you lose a stirrup, but there is nothing wrong with pressure on the stirrup. Stirrups are not just an aid for mounting the horse. Weight flowing freely into your heels, which are then supported by the stirrup and your foot, is weight that is not supported by the crotch. It is good to ride without stirrups, but stirrups are attached to a saddle for a reason.
Georgia sheriff, early 1900s:
Learning to ride? 1920: | <urn:uuid:2588270c-51d8-4583-bd99-0972cf99f7f9> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.horseforum.com/horse-riding/male-riders-uhh-comfort-110738/page2/#post1326936 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719155.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00333-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969504 | 564 | 1.835938 | 2 |
National Conference: “Gregorian Chant in Pastoral Ministry and Religious Education”
What role does the Church’s treasury of sacred music play in contemporary pastoral ministry and religious education? How does one build a sacred music program of excellence which serves as an integral part of the sacred liturgy and is also effective both in drawing souls to Christ and forming people in the Catholic faith? This national conference will bring together clergy, seminarians, scholars, musicians, teachers, and Catholic school administrators to consider the place of Gregorian chant and excellent choral music in the life of the Catholic Church in America today. The conference seeks to inspire attendees with ideas for starting or continuing to develop sacred music programs of excellence in Catholic parishes and schools. The conference organizers also hope to encourage discussion about the vitality and necessity of beauty and sacred music in the catechesis and formation of Catholics, as well as in the evangelization of non-Catholics and non-practicing Catholics.
This two-day conference will feature:
Presenters include: Dr. Mary Jane Ballou, Dr. Francis Brancaleone, Mary Ann Carr Wilson, Heitor Caballero, Colleen Crafton, Fr. Richard Cipolla, Dr. Jennifer Donelson, Fr. David M. Friel, Raymond Henderson, Dr. Aaron James, Fr. Robert Johansen, Lisa Knutson, Nathan Knutson, Alexis Kutarna, Frs. Robin Kwan and Kevin Mann, SJC, Dr. Ann Labounsky, Nicholas Lemme, Mary Catherine Levri, Dr. Crista Miller, Joel Morehouse, James Monti, Dr. Jared Ostermann, Kurt Poterack, Dr. Ronald Prowse, Laurence Rosania, Jonathan Ryan, Dr. Edward Schaefer, Dr. Samuel A. Schmitt, Fr. Innocent Smith, OP, Students of the Atonement Academy, Dr. Jay Swain, Fr. Jon Tveit, Msgr. Andrew Wadsworth, The Ward Centre of Richmond, Virginia, Nicholas Will, Gustavo Zayas, and Amy Zuberbuler.
You’ll receive a printed copy when you check in to registration in Birmingham, but you can get a look at it here in advance.
There is still time to register for Winter Sacred Music… come and join us in Birmingham in January and make some beautiful music.
WINTER SACRED MUSIC WEBPAGE (for all the details).
Make plans now to join the CMAA in Birmingham, Alabama in the New Year! The Winter Sacred Music program for 2017 will be a great way to start the new year.
Study Gregorian Chant and Renaissance Polyphony with Scott Turkington and Nick Botkins, attend breakout sessions with Dr. William Mahrt, CMAA President.
Wednesday evening features an Early Music concert with the Highland Consort.
For all the details, visit our webpage: WINTER SACRED MUSIC
Early Registration has been extended… so sign up today! | <urn:uuid:fa74c966-f08b-41c8-b238-c548a89ed6f1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://musicasacra.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00333-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.885441 | 622 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Map of the Confederate lines from New Bridge road to Chafins Bluff
Shows fortifications in the Richmond region and names of some residents. Relief shown by hachures. Pen-and-ink on tracing linen, sectioned in 2, mounted on cloth. Similar to the map reproduced in the Atlas to accompany the official records of the Union and Confederate Armies, 1891-95, pl. 135, no. 3. LC Civil War maps (2nd ed.), H180 Available also through the Library of Congress web ...
Stevens, W. H. (Walter H.) - Hoffmann, J. Paul - Stevens, W. H. | <urn:uuid:ba1cfb60-9392-40bc-94be-18586033a743> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.loc.gov/collections/civil-war-maps/?q=&fa=subject:history%7Cpartof:hotchkiss%20map%20collection%7Ccontributor:stevens,%20w.%20h.&dates=1800-1899 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00459-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.86552 | 136 | 1.882813 | 2 |
There's a vast selection of handicapped handicap and support equipment available to help those who must manage an impairment or handicap whilst attempting to undertake their regular pursuits. Communication aids for the handicapped array from keyboards to apparatus which may synthesize address for all those who have vocal cord issues. Moreover, this can be an opportunity for you to test out the variety of accessible equipment on your own.
There's generally a vast selection of options for individuals experiencing mobility issues. It's advisable to not rush into a decision but to think about the available alternatives and decide the most appropriate. The first choice you'll want to make is if you would like a scooter or wheelchair or perhaps both to supply you with an increased choice as you go on your regular activities. Para Mobility is Australian owned and is proudly part of the DNW group whose vision is to delight customers through passion and excellence across the Property and Care sectors.
Image Source: Google
The rising availability of handicap aids means it is easier than ever for people who undergo a disability or handicap to continue living their life to the full. It's conservative for somebody who experiences a handicap to be trapped inside the house; with the ideal support gear, it's still possible to take advantage of living.
If having looked in the assortment of handicapped aids and handicapped gear, you've determined that you want to test having a wheelchair then it might be well worth looking at different kinds available in addition to all the features and advantages in addition to the downsides of each version.
Larger electrical chairs provide greater relaxation in addition to the improved suspension, which makes them comfortable to ride bumpy pavements. But they can't be transported by automobile as readily as more lightweight seats that do not give identical comfort and stability. Consider what's important to your situation: hauling the seat or appreciating smoother rides on rough terrains. | <urn:uuid:d886cf9f-3f69-4217-b639-0de370181a13> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.communityprojectsafrica.org/wheelchairs-can-improve-quality-of-life-for-the-disabled/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.964272 | 381 | 1.734375 | 2 |
Bill of Rights and Amendments Table Donnell Lawrence, William Morelli HIS/301 August 18, 2010 Reynaldo Cuellar Bill of Rights and Amendments Table The grand ole United States Constitution— a relic document that still hasn’t lost its luster today. The U. S. Constitution— the most significant piece of prose that forever changed our lady America’s armor; that has then and now protects us, as a people, from all injustices that creep our American doorsteps every day. Oh America: the beautiful, thou shed its grace on thee, from sea to shining sea! How did this all come about? Where did it come from?
Furthermore, how did all of its contents come to be a part of America’s Bible— where did it began, how did it end, and is its effectiveness still relevant in the year 2010? The team will briefly describe the contents of the Bill of Rights and amendments juxtaposed it in order to re-visit the relevance of its law to society today. The first ten amendments were ratified on December 15th, 1791, which are also known as the Bill of Rights, The next seventeen Amendments were drafted and ratified at later dates. The Bill of Right was to be drafted as an agreement between the federalist and the anti-federalist so the U. S.
Constitution would become ratified and put into effect. The Constitution was powerful throughout the 13 colonies, but the Anti-Federalist was in fear that the National Government would have too much power. The Constitution was drafted in a way that it provided way for amending it to suit the purpose of the people. Although the United States Constitution was created centuries ago, the reason for its creation still resonates through the hearts and minds of all American citizens. Much debate over the relevance of such laws in these times takes center stage at the forefront of most individual’s minds that reside in this country.
Since, the U. S. is seemingly not opposed to voicing grievances, constantly wanting and needing injustices to be corrected and wrong’s to be righted, is there any wonder if it has always been the same. Prior to the adoption of the Constitution, aristocratic, and philosophies was the only authority in place, never really ever taking their subjects (the people) opinions, livelihoods, or consequences into account— the rulers continued to rule, without caring not even a little about what they were doing, just as long they were pleased.
Stupidly, enough as it sounds on paper, it was true, dictators didn’t realize that they were ruining their very guinea pigs away; after all if there was no one to rule, then their reigns would’ve of ended no matter what. It wasn’t until the people began minor uproars about their qualms and reservations, and obtained the backing of prominent businessmen, politicians, clergymen, attorney’s, and other men with strong democratic passions and powers stood up to make a change.
When the idea of the Constitution being drafted and adopted was first introduced, its many dissenters became apprehensive upon the completion of the document because they felt that the contents were simultaneously too vague and not readily understandable to anyone without a moderate education, they were also worried that their allies would find it all a little too confusing, or even penetrable by finding loopholes that would open the door to just and fair insurgency by their enemies.
Some even made claims that tyrannical behavior would spring from at it as well from both the government and the people; so the document as is was perceived as primitive— needing tweaking to satiate the needs of all that was bound by its governance, irrespective of their professional or personal place in society. As a consequence of the controversy that plagued the much-anticipated U. S. Constitution, a “Bill of Rights” that clearly outlined the rights of citizens on an individual basis ensued.
What Congress came up with was the first 10 amendments of the Constitution were created to service that need. Amendment 1 The first Amendment speaks for itself; back then it gave the people the right to believe and practice whatever religion of their faith, which at that time was Judeo-Christianity, although the first implication of the first amendment was somewhat irrelevant because of the wide-spread collective faith, it shows that the document was intended to stand the test to time.
Today, there are a plethora of religious and spiritual beliefs and practices such as, Islamic faith, Santeria religion, Buddhism, Hinduism, Christianity, and Jehovah’s witnesses, to name a few that are currently being practiced in the United States; without the first amendment, freedom to practice one’s desired or inherited religion would not be possible. The second part of the first amendment: Freedom of Speech and Press is probably one of the most controversial and needed parts of the amendment.
It gives individual the legal fortitude to verbally and in print express their feelings (even about the government which was once considered communist) about what they chose without sustaining significant consequences such as, it being considered libelous and slanderous that’s maliciously derived or considered anti-government. Prior to the amendment, citizens were forced to live under British rule. Today, no one takes the usefulness of the first amendment for granted; the airing of television programs, movies, news papers, and magazines embrace the freedom and say what they chose, being careful as to what they say and about whom, however.
There are still fine lines concerning the abuse of the first amendment powers such as, defamation of character. The later part of the amendment: the right to peaceful assembly and protest (even against the government) was used heavenly back then, and the adoption of these bills proves that. The first amendment has and continues to be a wonderful addition to American life; although it has been altered a bit by the government trying to level the playing field and restore governmental autonomy.
Many argue the Patriot Act that was initially enacted, so the government could monitor perceived and clarified terrorists activities, especially after the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attack on America. Amendment 2 The 2nd Amendment give the exclusive right of the people to own fire arms, which during the time it was drafted, most of the population already carried fire arms— it was cultural thing then, so not having a “piece” was unusual. During the time there was a development of a new Government and the people needed to protect themselves as well as the government.
This is where our government developed for the countries protection state regulated militia (National Guard, reservists) to look over the country state wise in case of an up rise against the government and country. In order to control the misuse of fire arms citizens have to file to hold a firearms license. This protects the government as well as the people from illegal selling of arms and to know who is carrying the firearms. Amendment 3 The 3rd Amendment was written due to British as well as American soldiers imposing upon citizens during the Revolutionary war.
When the soldiers found refuge in the homes in imposed on the privacy and natural rights of the people. Today with war being abroad we the people of the United States are not affected by the soldiers, but abroad is a different story. Amendment 4 The fourth amendment exclusively protects citizen’s domiciles (residents) from being subjected to unlawful searches of their property or person, without just— probable cause, warrants, or subpoenas by the courts. This amendment is especially significance both today and the time of his creation.
Policing powers are always in jeopardy of abuse, primarily because of the nature of the job. Amendment 5?? The Fifth Amendment is one of the most powerful and widely used amendments today. Although its usefulness didn’t completely manifest itself until the post-civil rights era, it still serves a much-needed purpose nevertheless. The 5th amendment, similar to the 1st amendment touches the psyches of American citizens that are bound by its governance and leniency.
Having made several “appearances” in cinematography—the 5th amendment is most famous for its ability to exonerate someone from incriminating himself or herself, by being witnesses against themselves. The 5th amendment also benefits enlisted military personnel during wartime or public danger is presence, where no criminal charges may be brought against the soldier, sailor, or airmen for using their training to defend their country or fellow man. The 5th amendment is also creative in granting an individual immunity from being charged with the same offense if the courts acquitted the defendant of the charges.
For example, if Jane Doe was accused of murdering her husband in cold blood (hence, the name: Truman Capote’s infamous novel title), was tried before a jury of her peers that found that she acting in self-defense, so she was acquitted of all criminal charges. Later, empirical evidence proved that she didn’t react in self-defense, so she can’t be brought up on murder charges because she was already tried for that crime, so she can’t be “twice put in jeopardy”, or commonly known as “Double Jeopardy”. This amendment is highly protectionist in nature; although all the amendments are esigned to protect all citizens against injustices, this one specifically helps those that are considered to possibly be in extenuating circumstances, where they may or maybe not ought to be held accountable for their actions due to the severity questioned, or the humanistic need to defend and protect oneself. Amendment 6 The Sixth Amendment is especially significant to American history. This amendment gives all citizens the right to a fair and speedy trial upon criminal allegations. This process is known as due process, further ensuring that all persons receive proper legal representation no matter their financial status.
In cases involving individuals that can’t afford legal counsel, the courts will provide one (legal aid) for them. Furthermore, all things being equal “everyone is innocent until proven guilty”, so the 6th amendment gives the accused the legal right to defend himself regardless of counsel and try to prove their innocence. This is a slippery slope, however, because when individuals choose to represent themselves they risk being charged with the maximum available penalty for that crime. Amendment 7 Simply put: the 7th Amendment of the Bill of Rights force cases involving civil claims (in excess of $20. 0) to be decided by a jury of their peers; where punitive awards are usually intricate. The 7th amendment is not that clear cut, however. Since, it grants trial by jury when dealing with [federal] civil disputes it involves discrimination in the workplace suits, conflicts that arise from contracted business relationships, and even public safety issues, such as car crashes. In order for the (p) plaintiff to win the case against the (D) the (P) has to provide at least 50% of evidence to prove case. This process is called “preponderance of evidence”; in addition to initial claim made.
Whether or not the over 50% “preponderance of evidence” required has to be met during on the discovery process (the “first look” at all claims, testimony and evidence available prior to going before a jury) is not addressed in this paper. Amendment 8 Succinctly put, the 8th amendment requires that excessive bonds, relative to both crime convicted and financial status, not be unreasonably imposed. The 8th amendment further requires that what be classified as “cruel and unusual” punishment not be inflicted regardless of conviction. This amendment is very controversial and challenged by many attorneys, judges, justices, and others exposed to it.
There are strong opinions amongst citizens concerning— what is considered “cruel and unusual punishment”. For example, those that disagree with capital punishment would classify it as such. An “eye for an eye” resonates within historical conservative states such as Texas. Amendment 9 The 9th amendment is special in further elaborates and enforces the intolerance of these laws set forth being used to show prejudice against anyone. Specifically governmental powers being used to omit “reasonable judgment”; the over use of opinion over fact is not conducive to the Constitution intrinsic beliefs and decree.
In order for a Judge or Justice (justices are more germane to Constitutional law because they only consider Constitutional law implications in the Supreme Court. ) to render any decision in court a Judge must incorporate both a reasonable opinion and fact to render a “reasonable judgment. Amendment 10 The 10th Amendment austerely requires that Constitution law always be considered, yet does not circumvent statues in place by individual states when the statute presented in not addressed in the Constitution. The Bill of Rights is in essence the precursor to the rest of the Constitution.
The remaining amendments— 27 in total and articles are direct extensions of it— where the founders provided a framework to work though and for such a powerful and permanent body of law. The Constitution “blueprint” was designed to live throughout time, so lawmakers and citizens voted upon positions concerning laws imposed or needing to be imposed. Therefore, the remaining amendments require its namesake— amending; filled with subsections, as times changes so do the law. Amendment 11 The 11th Amendment to the constitution focused on the sovereign immunity of the states from being sued by private parties from other states and foreign countries.
It limited the judicial power of the Supreme Court. In 1794 the congress ratified the 11th amendment to the constitution with three- fourths of the states voting for. Issues about state rights were reinforced by the amendment alleviating some of the issues anti-federalists. The visibility of the amendment in society reveals that the enforcement is adhered to by the courts today. Amendment 12 Due to the mess created by the election in1800 the congress needed to permanently fix the situation. The 12th Amendment to the constitution was passed in 1803 and ratified in 1804.
Separating votes for the president and vice president in order to eliminate confusion over who won. Each ballot would list who was running for which office and a place to mark for voting. Society has benefitted from the amendment and currently is used for the model to electing all government positions requiring a vote. Amendment 13 In 1865 Congress passed and ratified the amendment banning slavery in the United States and all of its territories. The power to enforce the amendment was given provided appropriate legislation.
At the time the civil war was ending and the south was affected by the law the most due to the reliance on slavery in their economy. If the law wasn’t passed then one of the team members could be the property of someone and treated no different than an animal. Amendment 14 Focusing on equal protection for all citizens of the United States under law Congress passed the amendment in 1866 and ratified in1868. The amendment had four crucial parts defining who is an American citizen, privileges of citizenship, due process of law and equal protection.
The amendment was important to the newly freed slaves at the time. Many groups use the broad citizen rights guaranteed by the amendment and bill of rights in fighting discrimination today. Amendment 15 In order for the newly freed slaves feel like citizens the congress passed and ratified the 15th Amendment in 1869 and 1870 respectively. The focus was on the right to vote for all citizens regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Amendment 16 The focus was to allow congress to lay and collect income taxes without discussing with the states or developing a census.
Article 1 Section 9 was altered due to the passing and ratification in 1909 and 1913. It provided for the current federal income tax we deal with today. The issues with taxes have continued from the point of ratification to the present day. The rich get more breaks because they have the power to affect the policies. Amendment 17 The constitution originally had senators elected by state legislatures but the possibility of political corruption caused congress to pass the 17th amendment. The amendment turned the election of the Senators to the people for popular vote.
In 1912 the amendment was passed and in 1913 it was ratified. It gave the people the right to determine who would represent them in the United States Congress. It helped the team to realize that the government is for the people by the people. Amendment 18 Progressive leaders of the time sought to help America become a role model for the world. The idea of alcohol was the root to all the evils in society. The 18th amendment banning the manufacturing, transporting, and sale of alcohol was passed in 1917 and ratified in 1919. Existing alcohol could be consumed if already in your home and bars.
The effect on society at the time led to a rise in criminal activity and organized crime. It had the reverse affect from the intended purpose. The effect on society today isn’t existent. Amendment 19 Although all citizens should have the right to vote according to the 15th amendment, women were somehow not included. The focus of the 19th amendment was to fix the issue. It provided for the right to vote regardless of sex and protection from states trying to deny them. It passed in 1919 and was ratified in 1920. It helped to further the women’s movement.
The rights for women are continually improving through hardship and perseverance. Amendment 20 This amendment contained a time limit clause that was ratified in1933 but passed in 1932. It focused on the succession of the president and vice president. It also set the date for the presidential inauguration following the elections. It also set the date for congress to meet and that they meet at least once every year. The effect on society was minimal with date of inauguration moving from March to January. The impact to society today has not been noticed due to change occurring before majority of those affected being born.
Amendment 21 An explanation of the 21st amendment, particularly section 1, is not very difficult, primarily because it repealed the 18th amendment of the Constitution; which initiated prohibition in the United States. Section 2, however, gives individual states the autonomy to establish their own liquor laws congruent to that states polices concerning minor laws and nightly or weekly ordnances such as, “Sunday Law” that several states have adopted that forbade the sale of alcohol pass a certain time at convenience stores and bars.
The 3rd section of the 21st Amendment is more of a cautionary section that is prevalent in most modifications of pre-established or pre-written amendments that clarify procedures for the adjustment. The amendment was passed and ratified in1933. Amendment 22 The sections of the 22nd Amendment specifically describe the limitations of elected Presidential terms and processes. Article 1, speaks the actual time allotted to serve as President of the United States of America.
The 2nd section is merely a cautionary section that is prevalent in most modifications of pre-established or pre-written amendments that clarify procedures for the adjustment. In 1947 congress passed the amendment but didn’t ratify until 1951 a four year gap. Amendment 23 The sections of the 23rdAmendment specifically outlined the criteria for casting presidential votes in Washington, D. C. (District of Columbia). Its purpose is to grant D. C. citizens the right to vote during national elections for both the President and the Vice President.
Individuals that reside in that district get to participate in electoral voting of the above positions, being that’s it’s the state capitol, that’s the hub of the U. S. ’s political force. Amendment 24 The sections of the 24th Amendment specifically addresses “poll taxing” which previously a requirement in order to vote during federal elections. Section 1, It requires that votes casts during that election cannot be seized and omitted due to the non-payment of voting poll taxes; this amendment exclusively bars that type of infraction being imposed.
Taxing property were protocol during the colonial times, so its relevance today concerning real property is considered unreasonably imposed; being a direct violation or contradiction of the 8th Amendment such as “a unreasonable penalty”, and the a direct violation of the equal protection clause. Whereas, section 2, gives the U. S. Senate and the House of Representatives; collectively: Congress, the power to further enforce the amendment/ law by drafting new legislation to refute its legitimacy if necessary. It was passed in 1962 and ratified in 1964. Amendment 25
The amendment details the presidential succession in case of death to the president or vice president. The affect on society was to maintain order in the case of internal or external threats. The line of succession has not been used very often in the history of the United States. The amendment passed in 1960 and was ratified in 1961. Amendment 26 The focus of the amendment was to reduce the minimum age for voters from 21 to 18. this was due to the Vietnam War. The right to fight and die for the country at 18 but not to vote on representation in the government was seen as unequal. The amendment was passed and ratified in 1971.
The effect was more voters in the upcoming elections. The effect on society was seen in the election of President Obama by the younger generation of voters. Amendment 27 The ability of congress to give them a pay raise was limited to the time occurring after an election. The affect on society is to self govern the people in power by not allowing them to continuously reward themselves with a pay increase. It was passed in 1789 but not ratified until 1992. It took over 200 years to ratify. The effect of the passing was necessary for the increase due to the change in the economic climate.
The congress should increase their pay if the job of running the country is done properly and benefits the people. The first ten amendments known as the Bill of Rights serves a significant position that functions as a pre-protectionist decree that facilitates and compliments the remaining amendments in the U. S. Constitution. The Bills Of Rights are important individual rights protected by the constitution designed by the framers. The other amendments were issues and concerns deriving from the climate and culture of the society in which it occurred.
The amendments make the constitution a living document that can evolve with the people that it’s intended to protect and serve. This is what makes the United States Constitution a remarkable document. References Patterson, T. E. (2008). The American Democracy (8th ed. ). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Companies. Shmoop University. (2010). Constitution. Retrieved from http://www. shmoop. com/constitution/12th-amendment. html University of Minnesota. (2009, Oct. 5). All Amendments to the United States Constitution. Retrieved from http://www1. umn. edu/humanrts/education/all_amendments_usconst. htm | <urn:uuid:a20b002c-4d45-4fb8-9852-585901d2eb77> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hstreasures.com/bill-of-rights-and-amendments-46249/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.974891 | 4,644 | 3.34375 | 3 |
Three studies independently characterize the genetic diversity of the parasite that causes malaria in the January 2007 issue of Nature Genetics.
Two of the studies focus on Plasmodium falciparum, the most deadly of the Plasmodium species known to cause human malaria, while one study also compares it to the related Plasmodium reichenowi, which infects chimpanzees. Overall, these data constitute a valuable resource that should improve understanding of drug resistance in malaria, as well as identifying candidate targets for vaccines.
Dyann Wirth and colleagues present a genome-wide map of diversity in P. falciparum, including full genome sequencing of 16 new and geographically diverse strains, and targeted sequencing of an additional 54 worldwide isolates.
In an accompanying study, Xin-zhuan Su, Philip Awadalla and colleagues focus on sequencing of genomic regions coding for proteins within 4 P. falciparum isolates. They sequenced approximately 3,500 genes, representing about 19% of the genome, develop a high-resolution map of genetic variation, and report 7 new candidate targets for vaccines.
In the third study, Manolis Dermitzakis, Matthew Berriman and colleagues provide the first sequence of the P. reichenowi strain, as well as the sequence of two P. falciparum strains, and examine the evolutionary differences between the two. One of the P. falciparum strains, a new uncultured clinical isolate from an individual from Ghana, may provide a better model than strains cultured in the laboratory.
Xin-zhuan Su (National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA)
Dyann Wirth (Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA)
Emmanouil Dermitzakis (Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK)
Additional contact for comment on the papers:
Jane Carlton (New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA)
Abstracts available online:
(C) Nature Genetics press release.
Message posted by: Trevor M. D'Souza | <urn:uuid:78ca9b40-d258-492b-b044-a0094b7a3afb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hum-molgen.org/NewsGen/12-2006/000041.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.838931 | 522 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Our soggy, arrival at Land’s End will forever be imprinted on our memories, a goal we worked extremely hard for some days. However, our last day of walking was filled with visions of the historic remains of the region’s tin mining industry. Fortunately, the rain caused me to pack my good camera deep inside my pack, or I’d probably still be out on the bluffs snapping photos.
Much like the Doc Martin series put the little village of Port Issac on the map, the BBC series Poldark brings the world to the Pendeen Coast, where the Geevor Tin Mine (closed in 1990) remains open as a tourist attraction.
As we walked out of Pendeen, we were surprised by the number of crumbling remains of a once thriving mining industry. While it all seems very romantic now, history tells a different story of the dangers that lurked underground. | <urn:uuid:7c077d6b-213d-4ec9-99b1-8ce8d783445d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://carryoncouple.com/2019/10/02/south-west-coast-path-a-walk-through-history/?shared=email&msg=fail | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.957833 | 187 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Collagen is the binding compound beneath the skin’s surface that slowly starts to disappear as we get older. The decline of collagen results in wrinkles, fine lines and sagging skin, but there are several anti aging procedures that can trigger the collagen production process and firm, tone and tighten the skin and create a more youthful appearance.
If you are starting to see the signs of premature aging creep up or just want to take off a few years from your appearance, you may be a good candidate for one of today’s advanced skin rejuvenation procedures. Here are some of the top anti aging procedures that help to increase collagen and promote healthy skin cell regeneration:
Laser Skin Resurfacing
Laser skin resurfacing procedures work by removing the top layer of skin and stimulating the dermal layer deep under the skin’s surface. High-intensity laser energy waves are delivered deep into the skin’s surface to create trauma to the skin which in turn results in the production of collagen. Laser skin resurfacing procedures can help to eliminate fine lines and wrinkles and freshen up the skin tone after a single treatment. You’ll find these procedures at medical spas and cosmetic surgery centers around the country.
Thermage Skin Tightening Procedures
Thermage is an innovative skin tightening procedure that works by heating up the dermal layer to cause a contraction. The heat emitted by the Thermage hand piece creates an artificial injury to the skin which in turn triggers collagen production deep under the skin’s surface. After a period of a few weeks, the rate of cell turnover is increased and the skin appears tighter, more toned and firmer.
Laser Photo Rejuvenation
Laser photo rejuvenation procedures and photofacials are another option for increasing collagen. This anti aging procedure involves emitting laser energy deep into the skin’s surface to increase cell turnover. This procedure is equally as effective for treating acne scars and freckles, and is an attractive option for people who are noticing the signs of premature aging. A single laser photo rejuvenation procedure is usually enough to provide significant results.
Dermabrasion is an advanced skin resurfacing procedure that can help to trigger collagen production. In this procedure, the cosmetic dermatologist scrapes and buffs away the top layer of the skin and covers the skin in bandages to promote healing. This damage to the skin causes a rapid increase in collagen production and promotes cell renewal. When the skin has healed, it will appear firmer, tighter and more even toned.
Microcurrent facials are designed to tighten and tone the skin without any laser or heat energy. Microcurrent energy waves are emitted into the skin’s surface to contract muscles and “re-educate” the facial muscles so that they regain their strength. This process acts as a non-surgical facelift and helps to lift, firm and tone the muscles while increasing collagen production and improving circulation.
Learn more about the latest skin rejuvenation procedures in our information guide, or consult with an anti aging specialist in your area to find out if you are a good candidate for any of these popular anti aging procedures that boost collagen and take years off your appearance. | <urn:uuid:4b11f23f-2ac3-4f3b-9826-49f28b552eae> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.locateadoc.com/article/anti-aging-procedures-that-increase-collagen | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988722459.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183842-00343-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.916714 | 653 | 1.625 | 2 |
A younger boy has been hospitalized after being hit by an off-road bike whereas taking part in soccer.
The five-year-old was on playgrounds in Oldham, Better Manchester, when he was injured.
He was taken to hospital with accidents to his leg and lip and now wants surgical procedure.
A 17-year-old boy was arrested in reference to terror on Thursday however has since been launched below investigation.
Better Manchester Police at the moment are dedicated to combating the usage of unlawful off-road bikes.
They confirmed that they’ll conduct further patrols and formulate extra assets to deal with the difficulty.
Chief Inspector Abigail Cronin for Neighborhood Partnerships in Oldham stated: “My ideas are with the injured little boy and I hope he recovers rapidly.
“We perceive the group’s frustration with the sort of delinquent habits and need them to know we comprehend it and have a plan in place to make sure it’s handled appropriately.
“We have now supplied further assets and can arrest and detain anybody who rides an off-road bike.”
The Information Weblog The place You Get The Information First
#5yearold #boy #rushed #hospital #hit #bicycle #taking part in #soccer | <urn:uuid:730c7b80-6c7d-4f47-b5c9-f15988cdaaa1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://brain2gain.com/a-5-year-old-boy-rushed-to-hospital-after-being-hit-by-a-bicycle-whereas-taking-part-in-soccer/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.967134 | 267 | 1.59375 | 2 |
If you have type 1 or type 2 diabetes, you may be aware that your risk of pregnancy complications is higher than that of women who do not have diabetes. However, controlling your blood sugar well before you conceive and during your pregnancy can help ensure that you and your baby will be healthy. Read on to learn more about the effects of diabetes on pregnancy and how you can mitigate these effects.
Diabetes that is not controlled during pregnancy can lead to birth defects, particularly during the first two months of gestation when the brain, spine, and heart are forming. Women with uncontrolled diabetes are also likely to have very large babies, which can cause complications during delivery and increase the risk of Caesarean section. Diabetes is also a risk factor for preeclampsia, or high blood pressure, which is a common cause of preterm labor. In fact, women with high blood sugar caused by diabetes are more likely to have a baby born too early. Most troubling, women whose diabetes is not controlled are more likely to suffer a miscarriage or stillbirth.
Fortunately, most women with diabetes have healthy pregnancies and births, provided they control their blood sugar during gestation. Before getting pregnant, talk with your doctor. He or she will recommend lifestyle changes and medications that may increase your chances of having a healthy pregnancy. If you’re overweight, it is often recommend that you lose weight before conceiving.
Eating healthfully is an important part of controlling blood sugar. If you have trouble controlling your diabetes with diet alone, consider seeing a nutritionist, who can analyze the foods you eat and recommend a healthy plan. You should also strive to exercise for at least 30 minutes a day on most days of the week.
Before and during pregnancy, take insulin and any other medications regularly as prescribed by your doctor. Monitor your blood sugar frequently and make changes right away if your sugar is too high. If you have trouble controlling your blood sugar, talk with your doctor as soon as possible, as prolonged high blood sugar can be dangerous for you and your baby.
You’ll also be considered a high risk pregnancy, which means you’ll need to see your obstetrician more frequently. Though pregnancy when you have diabetes can be daunting, taking steps now to stay healthy can make a world of difference when the time comes for you to conceive. | <urn:uuid:abfa6b7c-a829-4a57-8a89-3e799fafdc16> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://kidgalore.com/2014/11/22/pregnant-and-diabetic-heres-what-you-need-to-know/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00383-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968875 | 473 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Lesson planning is an essential component of effective teaching. You are a mentor teacher and your principal has asked you to help new teachers become more thoughtful and productive in their lesson planning. Write a memo to the new teachers discussing the role lesson planning plays in effective teaching. In your memo, include the types of information that ought to be included in a lesson plan, the reasons why lesson plans are useful, and what can happen if you do not sufficiently plan lessons.
Your response will be evaluated based on how well you communicate your message to the intended audience, not on your personal opinions, position, or point of view. Your response will be evaluated based on how well organized and focused your writing is, how well you develop and elaborate on your ideas, and your grammar and mechanics.
Dear fellow teachers,
As a mentor teacher I just want to remind you of the role of lesson plan in effective teaching.Remember that the lesson plan is like a map.It guides the traveler to the right place.Our lesson plan should also be our guide in order for us to reach our goal.Do not forget to include in your lesson plan of course, your objective, materials(subject matter),don’t forget to have an anticipatory set which allows atudents to mentally shift gears from what they are doing before class began snd encourages students to become interested in and excited about the lesson they are going to begin.It is also important to have an assessment of student’s prior knowledge before you begin teaching a lesson to determine exactly what you review or introduce.You have to write exlpanation or teacher’s input.This is necessary for a lesson to be successful.Carefully plan what is that you are going to say to make your points.Include also students activities.These can include a wide range of activities that involve independent and guided practice.You should plan them out in sequential order.Include also closure.Make sure that you close each class with an activity of assessments in each unit of study.Plan for several smaller ones before a major test or final grade so that you do not have a roomful of students who are not prepared to take a test.Finally,never allow yourself to get behind in your lesson planning.It is almost impossible to catch up once you fall behind.Lesson planning is very important we can not really do away with it. | <urn:uuid:2dfba515-fa92-497c-a69f-1f3ff42e47fd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pakistan.americanboard.org/sample-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572021.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814083156-20220814113156-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.960743 | 481 | 3.75 | 4 |
The Butterfly Lion
Reviewed by Nigel Hodgetts
The Butterfly Lion tells the story of a small boy called Bertie who rescues a white lion cub from the African veld. The boy and cub are inseparable until Bertie is sent away to boarding school in England and the lion is sold to a circus. Bertie swears that he will never forget the lion and that one day they will see one another again, but it is the butterfly lion which ensures that their friendship will never be forgotten.
Although written as a children's story for ages 7+, this book will appeal to anyone who has more than a passing love of wildlife and particularly lions. The story spans Bertie's life from a small lonely boy in the African veld, through his school days, service in the Great War, and beyond. At once a love story, a ghost story and a story of human compassion, Micheal Morpurgo writes in a beautifully gentle style reminiscent of C.S. Lewis. The story never wallows in sentimentality, instead it takes the reader through a range of emotions from sadness to joy and awe. The pleasure of the book is enhanced by the many pencil illustrations drawn by Christian Birmingham.
So the white lion came to live amongst them at the farmhouse. He slept at the end of Bertie's bed. Wherever Bertie went, the lion cub went too - even to the bathroom, where he would watch Bertie have his bath and lick his legs dry afterwards. They were never apart. It was Bertie who saw to the feeding - milk four times a day from one of his father's beer bottles - until later on when the lion cub lapped from a soup bowl. There was impala meat whenever he wanted it, and as he grew - and he grew fast - he wanted more and more of it.
For the first time in his life Bertie was totally happy. The lion cub was all the brothers and sisters he could ever want, all the friends he could ever need. The two of them would sit side by side on the sofa out on the veranda and watch the great red sun go down over Africa, and Bertie would read him Peter and the Wolf , and at the end he would promise him that he would never let him go off to a zoo and live behind bars like the wolf in the story. And the lion cub would look up at Bertie with trusting amber eyes.
"Why don't you give him a name?" his mother asked one day.
"Because he doesn't need one," replied Bertie. "He's a lion, not a person. Lions don't need names."
Bertie's mother was always wonderfully patient with the lion, no matter how much mess he made, how many cushions he pounced on and ripped apart, no matter how much crockery he smashed. None of it seemed to upset her. And strangely, she was hardly ever ill these days. There was a spring to her step, and her laughter peeled around the house. His father was less happy about it. "Lions," he'd mutter on, "should not live in houses. You should keep him outside in the compound." But they never did. For both mother and son, the lion had brought new life to their days, life and laughter.
The author prefaces the book with:
The Butterfly Lion grew from several magical roots: the memories of a small boy who tried to run away from school a long time ago; a book about a pride of white lions discovered by Chris McBride; a chance meeting in a lift with Virginia McKenna, actress and champion of lions and all creatures born free; a true story of a soldier of the First World War who rescued some circus animals in France from certain death; and a sighting from a train of a white horse carved out on a chalky hillside near westbury in Wiltshire.
The Butterfly Lion is published in Great Britian by Harper Collins
Also available as a package including the softcover book and an unabridged cassette of the story read by Micheal Morpurgo and Virginnia McKenna.
In the US:
The Pride Lands Online Multi-Media Archive | <urn:uuid:274d65df-ff28-4e19-a600-1ace04b3b41a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thumper.net/tlkmag/archive/mm/lion.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00325-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.979041 | 856 | 1.859375 | 2 |
The head of the College Board said Tuesday that the company is dropping the so-called "adversity score" as a supplement to the SAT college admissions test after heavy pushback from critics. Amid growing scrutiny of the role wealth plays in college admissions, the New York City-based College Board introduced its Environmental Context Dashboard about two years ago to provide context for a student’s performance on the test and help schools identify those who have done more with less.
College may not pay off for all students, but those who pick their majors and alma maters wisely have a better chance of getting a return on their investment. That’s according to a new study from compensation-data firm PayScale, which analyzed salaries of graduates from thousands of colleges and universities across the U.S.
In many ways, cheating on high school and college exams used to be a lot harder than it is nowadays. What used to take an elaborate plot to discreetly spread answers across a classroom can now be done with a swipe on a smartwatch. You used to have to steal the answer key or have a cheat sheet hidden around your desk.
Banning white-hat hacker education is not going to stop someone from learning house to hack. Hackers by their very nature are creative, and criminals do not play by the rules. Eliminating white-hat hacker education is not going to stop hackers. Remember my earlier example of the school kids who used what they learned in computer class to figure out how to hack? Nobody explicitly taught them anything about hacking, and yet they were able to put together the pieces and figure it out for themselves.
Getting a college degree may no longer be significant for people’s careers, according to an expert in the education sector. Speaking to CNBC’s “Street Signs Europe” on Monday, John Fallon, CEO of education company Pearson, said shifting career expectations and longer life expectancies were reducing the importance of receiving a college education.
The software belonged to two of the biggest names in education tech: Blackboard and Follett. Combined, these tech firms provide online education products for more than half the schools in America. During Demirkapi’s freshman year, a mixture of boredom and aimless ambition led him to start investigating the companies’ interfaces.
Lopez defined what can transform a classroom environment with a simple phrase: “classroom agility.” Many teachers find themselves glued to their desk all day, stuck at the motherboard or command center of the classroom unable to fully engage with students. But, when armed with wireless tools like ScreenBeam’s wireless technology, teachers can leave their desk and freely navigate and command the whole room.
eLearning teaching methods have opened the door for all kinds of possibilities in virtual teaching environments, including holographic and virtual reality technology. What once looked like science fiction could likely become a reality. The presence of holographic teachers overseeing virtual classrooms is becoming more and more plausible and possible.
School districts across the country are increasingly becoming a major target of malicious cyberattacks, leaving both the federal government and state governments scrambling to find ways to fight back. Recent cyberattacks on school districts in Louisiana, Virginia and Oklahoma have highlighted the threat.
While the cited study focused on education in the history of slavery, it is nonetheless one sign among many that adequate history education has been elusive. The 2014 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) report found that only 18 percent of 8th graders were proficient or above in U.S. History and only 23 percent in Civics. | <urn:uuid:57e0a839-1668-4e95-9f48-ef6009d71b1c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://usinnovation.org/tags/education?page=6 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.958169 | 728 | 2.0625 | 2 |
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It is as natural to die as to be born and to a little infant, perhaps, the one is as painful as the other.
English statesman and philosopher; precursor of British empiricism; advocated inductive reasoning (1561-1626)
All Francis Bacon quotes | Francis Bacon Books
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"Francis Bacon Quotes." Quotes.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2017. Web. 17 Jan. 2017. <http://www.quotes.net/quote/5687>.
Thanks for your vote! We truly appreciate your support. | <urn:uuid:3ebde7cc-49d0-4a18-92a1-5375a4043785> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.quotes.net/quote/5687 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00550-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.763122 | 494 | 2.125 | 2 |
AU Optronics Corp denied a Commercial Times report that the company will invest in solar-cell manufacturing.
The Commercial Times reported yesterday that AU Optronics and Chi Mei Optoelectronics Corp (奇美電子), the nation's second-largest LCD producer, may convert their equipment to make the energy cells. Chi Mei spokeswoman Loreta Chen (陳靜燕) declined to comment.
"We don't know where they get that information," said Hsiao Ya-wen (蕭雅文), a spokeswoman for AU Optronics. "We've not had any discussion" about solar cell production.
The government is offering tax breaks to turn Taiwan into a production center for solar panels, which use silicon wafers to convert sunlight into electricity, to tap demand for alternative energy sources. AU Optronics and Chi Mei currently have no facilities to make the cells.
Four Taiwanese companies started investing in solar cell manufacturing last year and eight more plan to do so this year, according to the Bureau of Energy. | <urn:uuid:f98062cb-aae5-4178-81d7-b27821766de5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2006/08/08/2003322375 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00016-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939189 | 218 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Scientists are planning an airship city in the planet's atmosphere
There are very few places left on Earth untouched by intrepid travellers - so why not venture further afield? If NASA gets its way it might soon be possible to embark on an extraterrestrial jaunt to the planet Venus.
It's Mars that usually hogs the solar system limelight, but Venus might actually be a better suitor as humanity's debut space colony. Well, sort of. It's roughly the same size as Earth and shares similar density and chemical composition. The only hitch is that it's deadlier than a bag of snakes wearing knuckle dusters as pugilistic tiaras.
It's a bit toasty, for a start, at around 462 degrees Celsius, and its atmospheric pressure is a hefty 92 times greater than Earth's. That's not to mention its titantic volcanoes and clouds full of sulphuric acid. It's basically a big ball of unbearable agony, the planetary equivalent of Disney World's Epcot Centre.
So why the heck Venus?
Those clever scientists at NASA have worked out that if humans stayed around 30 miles above the planet the conditions could be kept altogether similar to those on Earth. Gravity would be a bit weaker, and it would be warm, but a ship could be designed to prevent terrible pain, screaming, and sudden combustion.
The proposal is a city in the clouds around Venus that, at first, would carry two astronauts to study the planet. The project is called High Altitude Venus Operational Concept, or, perhaps not encouragingly, HAVOC. The idea is acidic pie in the sky at the moment, as scientists still face the challenge of how to get the airship to Venus in the first place, inflate it, and how to make sure it doesn't melt like a chocolate croissant in the microwave.
So it might be a while before you're booking your flight. But if scientists can pull this off, it could prove to be a major step toward a viable tourist route in space. | <urn:uuid:f1dbb641-80ce-4d51-aa4f-8ee0a7ad681b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.gapyear.com/news/236327/you-could-soon-take-a-gap-year-on-venus | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00164-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947452 | 420 | 3.390625 | 3 |
While rumors continue to fly about what killed Amy Winehouse — the latest suggest that crack and heroin may have been involved — the singer’s parents continue to maintain that she was sober when she died, and that in fact, she died from alcohol withdrawal.
Unlike withdrawal from cocaine, methamphetamine or heroin, alcohol withdrawal can indeed be deadly — but few alcoholics ever experience the most serious consequences of withdrawal. They either do not succeed, or even attempt, quitting alcohol cold turkey, nor are they much hindered in getting enough alcohol, since it is relatively inexpensive.
Only about 5% of alcoholics suffer the DT’s (delirium tremens) from withdrawal that can be associated with deadly seizures. Of that minority, around 5% of cases are deadly if untreated. Treatment typically consists of replacing the alcohol with benzodiazepines, which, like alcohol, calm the brain by acting on the neurotransmitter GABA. These drugs can then be slowly tapered.
Treatment prevents the “shock to the system” that can lead to seizures due to the elimination of a substance on which the brain has become physically dependent. With treatment, withdrawal deaths occur in less than 1 in 2,000 hospitalized patients.
More commonly, it is the over-consumption of alcohol that kills. Studies find that alcohol is responsible for more than twice as many deaths as overdose from other drugs, though alcohol is often a factor in other drug overdoses as well. It is also more likely than other drugs to be involved in homicide.
But because drinking is so much a part of American and British life — in both religious and celebratory experiences — it’s hard to think about alcohol as a killer or even as a drug.
That’s partly why society tends to worry less about the deadly consequences of alcohol than of those associated with other drugs. We believe the familiar to be safe and the unusual or unknown to be threatening. That also helps explain why, for instance, people fear flying more than they do driving, even though flying is actually safer when you look at the statistics on injury and death.
Similarly, we fear as-yet-unproven links between chemicals in plastic and birth defects, but devote little attention or funding to prevent the No. 1 known cause of intellectual disability in children: fetal alcohol syndrome.
Much the same way we fear flying because we have no control over the plane, people become anxious over the fact that they have no control over what companies put into baby toys and packaging. But they do have control over their own alcohol consumption, which makes it seem less scary.
Confusing the situation further, moderate consumption of alcohol is actually associated with health benefits — such as reduced risk for heart disease and clot-related stroke — while excessive use can turn deadly.
So how does alcohol usually kill? There is little recent research on the question; the latest study to look at deaths caused directly by alcohol or alcoholism (excluding accidents and homicides) found that there were 23,199 such deaths in the U.S. in 2007.
A 2004 study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which dug more deeply and included more indirect causes of alcohol-related death, found that nearly 76,000 American deaths involved alcohol in 2001. About half of those deaths were related to chronic conditions linked to heavy drinking; the rest were caused by acute incidents like drunk driving accidents and homicides. About three-quarters of those who died from alcohol were men over age 35, but 4,554 people under 21 also died from alcohol-related incidents, mostly accidents.
Here are the top causes of alcohol-related death based on the 2004 CDC research, and the number of people killed:
1. Alcohol-related liver diseases: 19,616
2. Accidents involving transportation (mainly cars): 14,368
3. Injuries including falls, fires, firearms, hypothermia, choking and drowning: 7,716
4. Homicide: 7,686
5. Suicide: 6,995
6. Alcoholism and chronic alcohol abuse, unspecified causes: 5,841
7. Alcohol-related heart disease and stroke: 5,157
8. Overdoses of other drugs, which included alcohol: 3,694
9. Cancer of organs other than liver: 1,625
10. Pancreatitis and other damage to pancreas: 1,261
11. Damage to brain (including some cases of death by withdrawal in alcoholic psychosis or DT’s): 1,033
12. Alcohol poisoning/overdose: 333
While studies that try to tease out causes of death in situations like accidents or homicides may overestimate the role of alcohol, it’s nonetheless clear that heavy drinking is a major cause of mortality — much greater than the illegal drugs combined.
Correction [Aug. 2]: Due to an editing error, this piece originally misstated that few alcoholics experience withdrawal. In fact, withdrawal is common, but the most severe withdrawal is rare. The article has been updated to reflect the correction. | <urn:uuid:2ce387e0-d0d8-4142-b5e2-5821ef739567> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://healthland.time.com/2011/08/01/in-the-wake-of-amy-winehouses-death-a-spotlight-on-the-deadliness-of-alcohol/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00347-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96813 | 1,031 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Some people and places have an almost mesmeric fascination. For me, living in England as I do but ardently Francophile, two of the most magnetic are Coco Chanel and the Riviera – so much so that I am writing a book about them.
It focuses on the years 1930 -1944, the time during which Chanel spent almost every summer on the Côte d’Azur. In 1930, her long affair with the Duke of Westminster, the richest man in England, had finally come to an end, and her villa, completed to her design the year before, was both a pleasure and a symbol of her independence.
It was named La Pausa, as the ancient olive groves in which it was built were said to be the spot where Mary Magdalene had rested on her journey from Jerusalem after the resurrection. Done up in Chanel’s favourite neutrals – huge beige chamois leather sofas, ivory curtains at the long windows – it reflected the discreet, pared-down elegance of the clothes she designed.
It was her only real home (from 1934 onwards she lived at the Ritz) and here she entertained the leading intellectuals, writers, dancers, painters and composers of the day – among them Picasso, Stravinsky, Dali, Jean Cocteau, Serge Lifar – many of whom were her lovers.
By 1930, when my book will begin, Chanel was already rich and famous. Smart women everywhere came to her for their clothes; on the Riviera she put them into creamy beach pyjamas with striped fisherman tops, worn with strings of pearls.
But what had really made her so wealthy was not her clothes but the creation of what was then the most famous scent in the world, Chanel No. 5. She had come to it through one of her lovers, the Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovitch, a tall, handsome blond Russian exiled for his involvement in the death of Rasputin. Dmitri had introduced her to the parfumeur whom she commissioned to produce the sort of scent she wanted. She chose the fifth sample he brought her.
By the Thirties the custom of visiting the Riviera for the summer rather than the winter had taken hold – and during those months film stars, millionaires, gamblers, the most expensive and exotic of the courtesans and the aristocracy of several countries flocked to what had become the playground of Europe.
Along the coast lived many of the rich and famous, from the Duke and Duchess of Windsor – most of whose courtship had taken place on the Riviera – and writers like Somerset Maugham and Aldous Huxley to press barons like Lord Rothermere (‘Old mistresses are more expensive than Old Masters,’ he remarked gloomily, after pensioning off his latest on the discovery that she was in the pay of German Intelligence).
Winston Churchill frequently stayed with the former actress Maxine Elliott at the Château de l’Horizon, painting and expounding on the steadily worsening situation in Europe.
It was a time of glamour – fuelled, of course, by wealth – from the Hispana Suiza and Bugatti cars, with their custom-made fittings of ivory, tortoiseshell or silver to the exquisite clothes, with the rich so accustomed to constant service that its absence was noteworthy.
‘My dear Maxine,’ remarked Churchill on one visit. ‘You have no idea how easy it is to travel without a servant. I came all the way here from London alone and it was quite simple’. To which Maxine replied in her deep voice: ‘Winston, how brave of you!’
But apart from the gilded summer visitors, there were of course those for whom the Riviera was home – the fishermen and their families, the country people in the hinterland, the communities of expatriates, some of whom had retired there because of the climate or the cheapness of living compared to home.
For most of these, from the Italian waiters in the big hotels to those going quietly about their business, the steadily growing threat of Germany held little meaning. Was not France untouchable, with its impregnable Maginot Line, of such effective design that military experts from all over the world came to learn from it?
So when, on 3 September 1939, Britain and France declared war on Germany, the sun-baked reaction was mild. The Duke of Windsor, summoned to the telephone to be told by the Prime Minister of Britain that his country was now at war, merely returned to his poolside party, told them in a single sentence – and dived into the pool.
Some of the English left, others stayed, and during what became known as the drôle de guerre (the phoney war) little changed. Then, to French horror, the Germans simply went round their famous Maginot Line…and advanced on Paris. At the same time, the Italians took over Nice and a flood of refugees, mainly Jewish, escaping from the countries over-run by the Nazis and fleeing from Paris, came to the Riviera.
Many of their stories make compelling reading, especially when the Germans took over the Unoccupied Zone and the brutal round-ups began. Meanwhile Chanel had closed her couture house and in her efforts to bring home her favourite nephew from his prisoner of war camp, had taken a German lover, Baron Hans Gunther Von Dincklage.
Almost up to the liberation, in August 1944, the two summered on the Riviera, its people suffering from lack of food (the Germans siphoned off lorryloads daily to Germany) and everyday needs such as shoes.
No wonder Allied troops were greeted with such enthusiasm. ‘We drank champagne all afternoon,’ said one British soldier dropped about ten miles inland, behind San Rafael. ‘We go back every August – the people are lovely’.
Let me conclude with a plea. Nothing is more exciting for a writer than to hear first-person recollections or to see contemporary journals or letters – and nothing makes a book more vivid or accurate.
I would be incredibly grateful if anyone reading this who has letters, diaries or family stories of those years (1930-44) would contact me, confidentiality assured, by email.
Lead image © RIVIERA BUZZ | <urn:uuid:c1814c11-1e5b-4837-8897-a8d9999a90a1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://riviera-buzz.com/features/local-buzz/item/chanel-on-riviera.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573667.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819100644-20220819130644-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.979045 | 1,334 | 1.65625 | 2 |
Orthodontist in Breitendeich (Lower Saxony) Other Cities in Lower Saxony > Lower Saxony > Germany
Kids are some of the most common patients in an orthodontics office. It's given that as children it's important to get them in for any necessary treatment as it's a lot much easier to right when at a young age than later in life. All of the clinics listed beneath are great at setting up the right corrective measures and get you back on track with straight teeth. There are many orthodontics offices which specialize in diverse places of therapy. Some are extra equipped and specialize in working with children. Others are more specialized in dealing with adults.
Whenever you are selecting an Orthodontist in Breitendeich (Lower Saxony) you might want to always be certain and pick them depending on their qualifications and their experience and not on a low-priced price. This is a single area you don't want to cut corners in. There are several dentists beneath this section that may help you get your teeth straightened and back to normal. Sometime Orthodontics in Breitendeich is required for the reason that crooked teeth can cause severe pain also give an unwanted appearance in from the teeth and mouth area. And by correcting the situation you possibly can alleviate the pain.
When selecting an Orthodontist in Breitendeich (Lower Saxony) for your children, you can expect to would like to be certain that its one who is highly friendly and experienced in dealing with children. It can make all of the difference for you and your children.
Nearest Orthodontist in Breitendeich, found 1,997
Lüdeweg 59, Westoverledingen, Deutschland
Aueteichstraße 6, Wolfsburg, Deutschland
Heemstraße 18, Wildeshausen, Deutschland
Stephanstraße 5, Haren (Ems), Deutschland
Mittlere Straße 14, Holzminden, Deutschland
Lessingstraße 12, Wolfsburg, Deutschland
Beverbäkstraße 3, Oldenburg, Germany
Habichhorster Straße 5, Stadthagen, Deutschland
Große Drakenburger Straße 7, Nienburg, Germany
Artillerieweg 4, Oldenburg, Germany
Schillerplatz 11, Gifhorn, Deutschland
Clausfeldstraße 14, Schöningen, Deutschland
Roseplatz 1, Hamelin, Germany
Neubourgstraße 2, Stade, Deutschland
Neuenhauser Straße 44, Uelsen, Deutschland | <urn:uuid:ea8188e2-3366-4b83-b70f-d4c05ce7cbc2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.dentalby.com/orthodontist-germany/dentist-in-breitendeich-3/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00308-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.889922 | 579 | 1.507813 | 2 |
The abortion rate in the United States has declined to its lowest point since abortion’s legalization in 1973, according to an annual report released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Forty-seven states reported 730,322 abortions in 2011 to the CDC (California, Maryland, and New Hampshire didn’t report their data). According to those reports, the abortion rate has fallen by 14 percent since 2002, to 13.9 abortions for every 1,000 women aged 15 to 44. The abortion ratio also declined significantly: In 1980, 359.2 babies were aborted for every 1,000 births. In 2011, the ratio declined to 219 for every 1,000 births.
The cause for the decline may come from multiple sources. CDC partly credits contraceptive availability because most abortions stem from unplanned pregnancies. “Because unintended pregnancies are rare among women who use the most effective methods of contraception, increasing access to and use of these methods can help further reduce the number of abortions performed in the United States,” the report states.
David Frum, senior editor at The Atlantic, identifies two social trends leading to abortion’s decline. First, the pro-life movement has successfully increased the number of people who view abortion as morally wrong: 51 percent say it’s wrong while only 38 percent view it as morally acceptable, according to a 2012 Gallup poll.
Second, single motherhood has become more socially acceptable than in previous decades, according to Frum. Before 1965, society approved of shotgun weddings and adoption over abortion and single motherhood in response to out-of-wedlock pregnancies. But between 1975 and 1990, following abortion’s legalization and the sexual revolution, single motherhood and abortion became more acceptable.
But the majority of abortions still involve unmarried women (85.5 percent) and women age 29 and younger (71.1 percent). Abortions for unmarried women have remained above 80 percent since 1996, Randall O’Bannon, director of education and research for National Right to Life, wrote for NRL News Today. Teen abortions have declined from 29.2 percent of total abortions in 1980 to 13.9 percent in 2011.
“This data serves as an indicator that we may need to invest the same level of effort to reach the young, single mom struggling to make ends meet as we did the high school teenager afraid to tell mom or dad she might be pregnant,” O’Bannon said.
The report also revealed the abortion rate remains higher among black and Hispanic Americans than among white Americans. The abortion rate among white women is 7.8 for every 1,000 births, compared to 16.1 for Hispanic women and 25.8 for black women. In response, O’Bannon called for more pro-life outreach to Hispanic and black communities “given the disproportionate number of abortions.”
While O’Bannon recognizes society’s acceptance of single motherhood has contributed to a lower abortion rate, he also credits pro-life legislation requiring parental involvement, waiting periods, and abortion facility regulations for the positive downward trend.
“Faced with the grisly reality of abortion, the gruesome truth about America’s abortionists, and … the knowledge that there are practical, realistic alternatives to abortion that are better for both them and their babies, more women are choosing life,” he said.
Courtesy: WORLD News Service
Publication date: December 8, 2014 | <urn:uuid:105f6588-194d-4720-827a-def8a39e3a88> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.christianheadlines.com/blog/abortion-rate-at-lowest-level-since-roe-v-wade.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00520-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945474 | 711 | 2.59375 | 3 |
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