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How it works
Whenever someone visits your page or performs any actions, we store information about that events in their session cookies files. Cookies are small pieces of information sent by a web service and stored on the device that you use when browsing the web. Each time a visitor is back on the website we can read this information and personalise communication. Of course we don’t share our cookies with any other services.
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A week in which “Happy Birthday to you” acquired a new significance
On 12 April, Jesus College, Cambridge issued a statement that having taken advice and after much thought, the College Council had decided not to appeal the judgment in Re The Rustat Memorial, Jesus College Cambridge, ECC Ely 2 – in which the Deputy Chancellor refused to grant a faculty to the College for the removal from the College chapel of the memorial to Tobias Rustat (1607/8-1694), who had invested in the African the slave trade. The decision not to appeal was accompanied by a call for the Church of England “to change how it deals with matters of racial injustice and contested heritage” and Sonita Alleyne, Master of Jesus College, was quoted as saying the rejection of the College’s petition “demonstrates the inadequacies of the church process for addressing issues of racial injustice and contested memorialisation”. The Church of England then released a statement on behalf of the Archbishop of Canterbury in which he said that he stood by his previous comments and that “Memorials to slave traders do not belong in places of worship”.
In that context, the Cathedral and Church Buildings Division of the Church of England is establishing a new Contested Heritage Committee which “will focus on the Church’s priority of racial justice as it is manifested in the material culture in our churches and cathedrals”. It seems likely that the consistory court proceedings and the Church of England’s other involvement with the Rustat Memorial will be an early consideration of the new Committee. We note the Deputy Chancellor’s comment: Continue reading
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Her admirer then added, referring to the slanted Thatcher bio pic slapped together in Hollywood, "But no good deed goes unpunished."
Like Ronald Reagan, her Cold War contemporary, history will be very kind to Margaret Thatcher. From the 1980s to the 1990s, European and American leftists used the term "Reagan-Thatcher" as a bivalve curse for warmongering and heartlessness. However, current history is demonstrating the strategic genius and, yes, strategic generosity of both leaders.
Two weeks ago, when North Korea threatened to strike U.S. territory with missiles bearing nuclear warheads, the Obama administration oh-so-quietly affirmed the necessity of strategic missile defense. Yet for three decades the American left, from which the Obama administration springs, maligned Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) as warmongering, as lunacy, as anything but what it is for contemporary America: an absolutely vital capability we were wise enough and wealthy enough to build. Strategic defense costs lots of money. However, losing Honolulu, Los Angeles or Austin, Texas, would cost substantially more.
Thatcher had a staunch record as a Cold War warrior and played a key role in the demise of the Soviet Union. In 1982 Falklands War, Argentina's economically desperate military junta made the mistake of testing her. They lost. Thatcher knew that winning the Cold War required confidence, staying power and leaders who could convince the Soviets that aggression in Europe would immediately lead to a shooting war they would not win.
Thatcher inspired confidence. She understood the moral and economic sources of staying power (more on her economics in a moment). As for convincing, she convinced by word and deed. Defeating the Argentinian invasion required immediate action, which she took. The Soviets watched, aware that the Iron Lady was giving them a dynamic lesson in what to expect if their tank divisions violated the intra-German border.
During the so-called 1983 Euro-missile Crisis, she provided another lesson. With steely enthusiasm, Thatcher backed NATO's decision to counter the Soviet deployment of 200 SS-20 theater ballistic missiles in Eastern Europe by deploying U.S. missiles in Western Europe. Communist sympathizers and Western "peace" organizations vilified her and Reagan (no good deed goes unpunished), but the NATO deployment ultimately brought the Soviets to the bargaining table.
As for Thatcher's thorough appreciation of the economic source of staying power: She was 20 when World War II ended. It took wealth, a lot of wealth, to create the defense organizations that defeated Adolf Hitler and then shielded the West during the Cold War.
She knew, however, that economic productivity fundamentally affects all other aspects of human social and political life.
Declining economic productivity degrades human social and political life. If you think otherwise, please consider the country Thatcher's military admirer mentioned in his epitaph: Greece.
The Greece 2009-Great Britain 1979 analogy isn't perfect, but it is instructive. Thatcher became prime minister in 1979. The Great Britain of 1979 confronted enormous economic and social problems. Listing them is a litany of the dismal: stagnating and declining industries. High (and increasing) public debt loads. Innovation-crushing tax rates and creativity-sapping bureaucratic regulation. Powerful public sector interest groups -- truly vested interests -- opposed to change that would increase economic productivity and create new wealth.
Her critics, many of them sold on communism's inevitable victory, said this was the best Britain could manage, the new normal. It could not be changed.
She rejected inevitable decline as what it is, an utterly intellectual dishonest defense of the status quo. Thatcher believed that private-sector commercial creativity, when unleashed, would prove to be Britain's greatest natural resource. Printing presses and central banks do not produce wealth. People produce wealth. People had to produce wealth and create value in order for the government to have money to spend -- on anything.
Hence one of Thatcher's favorite quips, "The problem with socialism is that you eventually run out of other people's money."
Indeed, Greece is learning Margaret Thatcher's quip is no joke. Would that Athens had a leader like her, a prescient, wealth-creating revolutionary. Would that Washington did, as well.
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Hey there, time traveller!
This article was published 2/11/2012 (1537 days ago), so information in it may no longer be current.
Miron Blumental never knew his older half-brother. This brother, named Ariel, was 31/2 years old when he was murdered by the Nazis in his Galician hometown at 11:40 on the morning of June 7, 1943. Miron was not born until many years later, remarkably, at 11:40 on the morning of June 7 -- the same date and the same time his brother was shot and killed.
Ariel's remains are interred in the Jewish cemetery in Warsaw. His name is being engraved on a memorial in Winnipeg.
The Holocaust Monument Project was unveiled in 1990. Erected on the grounds of the provincial legislature, the memorial gave Manitoba Jews the opportunity to formally remember their loved ones killed in the Holocaust by having their names etched in stone.
Three-thousand names were initially engraved on the monument and another 56 were inscribed in 1997. This fall, about 50 more are being added to the cenotaph. In addition to his brother's name, Blumental has arranged for the names of his uncle, two aunts and three grandparents to be engraved.
"I don't know of any other memorials like this outside of Israel," says Blumental, who sits on the Holocaust Awareness Committee that oversees the project. "What is wonderful about this monument is that it is unique, very welcoming and accepting and on government land. It is an official monument."
Most of the individuals submitting names to the memorial this time around are, like Blumental, relative newcomers to Winnipeg. Blumental, who emigrated from England with his family about 11/2 years ago, is one of about 4,000 immigrants who have joined the Winnipeg Jewish community in the last decade.
Bella Shatokhin came to Winnipeg from Israel via Belarus in 2005. She has submitted five names to the memorial project, including those of her grandparents and an aunt, all of whom disappeared in 1941.
"I want their names to be remembered. I want their names to live forever," Shatokhin says. "They went through so much during the war; they either disappeared and were never heard of again, or they died trying to fight the Nazis. If I do not do this, they will be forever forgotten."
Gabor Vamos has also arranged for the names of his maternal grandparents and uncle to be inscribed on the cenotaph. They were among 54 of his family members who were rounded up in Hungary in 1944 and sent to Auschwitz.
"When the Winnipeg planners of the original memorial solicited names to be inscribed, I was travelling around the world and not aware of the opportunity to add my relatives' names," Vamos explains. "I am very pleased that this chance to add names to the memorial will allow my three sons and their families to acknowledge our personal loss."
"The Holocaust should always be remembered," adds Shatokhin. "Everyone should know of the atrocities that occurred."
Given the nature of these atrocities, most Holocaust victims were not properly buried and their graves, if they exist at all, were not properly marked. Entire families and entire towns were wiped out, leaving no one to bear witness and no one to remember them.
Blumental perhaps knows better than most the circumstances surrounding the murder of his relatives, mainly because his father, renowned historian Nachmun Blumental, devoted his life to memorializing their's.
"My dad came back from Siberia and everything was gone. All of his family, his wife and son," says Blumental.
"His house was still standing but there was no trace of Jews in town at all, and they had been one-third of the population."
After the war, Blumental's father wrote several books about the Holocaust and was a founder of the Jewish Historical Institute of Warsaw.
"His memorial," his son says, "was to make sure the facts are there and that people remember."
Here in Winnipeg, Blumental is now carrying on his father's legacy. By serving on the Holocaust Awareness Committee and by inscribing his relatives' names on the local Holocaust memorial, he is ensuring their lives and the way in which they died will not be forgotten.
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In her 5th year participating in Toronto’s Scotiabank Nuit Blanche (Open Field Study, SMASH! Droppin Stuff, Bouncing Brides), local artist and Wychwood Barns resident Rebecca Singh teams up with celebrated Berlin theatre designer Hendrik Scheel from Berlin on a project that has been over a year in the making. “Canada’s Smallest Theatre“ is a conceptual art work and installation that transforms an actor’s studio into a “12-seat pop-up theatre”, the setting for Tell YOUR Story.
The Artscape Wychwood Barns are a refurbished street-car repair facility and the home of the Wychwood Artists’ Colony, and the old neighborhood of Marshall McLuhan who said “We shape our tools and they in turn shape us.”. This quote inspired the social sculpture; Tell YOUR Story, where, for one night only, at Scotiabank Nuit Blanche, the community gets to take the stage and star in the show.
Rebecca has represented Canada as an artist abroad and works here as a freelancer and creating and developing new projects for major institutions such as the Luminato Festival. Hendrik works full time as a designer in the German theatre system and has received awards for his development of experiential educational projects dealing with difficult subject matters. He recently won a national prize for a project about the Berlin Wall: “AUF DER MAUER, AUF DER LAUER” Stories and art from children for children.
During Scotiabank Nuit Blanche members of the public are invited to tell up to six-minute stories in an intimate theatre setting. Members of the public who would like to come dressed up are encouraged to do so and grace the stage of “Canada’s Smallest Theatre”. Some costume elements and guidance to get started will be provided, but the courage to perform is up to you! Tell Your Story is a social sculpture open to all and shaped by its participants, everyone is heartily invited to come and be a part of the art!
To inspire and encourage public participants, Tell YOUR Story features some 6-minute performances by local artists on the theme “tell your story” or personal stories. These performances will come from the diverse diaspora of Toronto performers and groups:
The Indigenous Youth Leadership Team will present “Skywoman”, an indigenous myth from the rich tapestry of our oral history. Cathy Gordon and Jonathan Heppner create work that breaks the fourth wall and challenges convention. Neema Bickersteth whose training and background is as a singer comes to us from the world of contemporary opera and will present her first devised work, a physical and personal statement about self-expression through song. Rutz a visual artist working in Toronto since the 70’s and new to the theatre form will take the stage to present her story, a life explored through a graphic novel narrative. Litmus Theatre brings a fresh and highly inventive spin on classical theatre that packs a punch in tight spaces.
Tell YOUR Story Schedule (Saturday OCTOBER 1, 7PM , Duration: 12 hours)
Location: 601 Christie St. Meet in Barn 2, Nuit Blanche Map: Zone A-20
Members of the public will be able to present a short story all night long but to help keep things going we have pre-booked some people to kick things off every hour. The following is a little bit of information on them and of course please do come and be surprised by who and what you will find onstage on the night!
7:00pm The Indigenous Youth Leadership Team will present a shadow puppetry rendition of the story Skywoman. Skywoman is a Haudenosaunee creation story that reveals all the mysteries of how the earth began on Turtle Island, better known as North America.
8:00pm Performance artist Cathy Gordon (www.cathygordon.com/) performs an improvisational piece.
9:00pm Opera singer Neema Bickersteth sings Rachmaninoff a capella while dancing.
10:00pm Storyteller Gail Nyoka tells the story of her first meeting with her father.
11:00pm Litmus Theatre shares a snippet of their story- an eerie yet magical re-imagining of the Macbeth story.
12:00am Rebecca Singh and Hendrik Scheel tell the story of how they met and Canada’s Smallest Theatre came to be.
1:00am Local producer and artist Jonathan Heppner tells a story
2:00am Ruth Tait shares her story through Film and Graphic Novel format
3:00am LIVE From Nuit Blanche in Paris! Coleen MacPherson and Nina Gilmour tell THEIR story live via satellite!
“Everybody has a story to tell, here’s your chance to tell it .”
6 minute stories by the public
During Nuit Blanche members of the public tell a six-minute stories after being invited into an intimate setting. Members of the public who would like to dress up are encouraged to do so. Costume elements will be provided.
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Ralph Waldo Emerson: Essays and Lectures (LOA #15): Nature; Addresses, and Lectures / Essays: First and Second Series / Representative Men / English Traits / The Conduct of Life
Library of America, 15/11/1983 - 1150 páginas
Our most eloquent champion of individualism, Emerson acknowledges at the same time the countervailing pressures of society in American life. Even as he extols what he called “the great and crescive self,” he dramatizes and records its vicissitudes.
Here are all the indispensable and most renowned works, including “The American Scholar” (“our intellectual Declaration of Independence,” as Oliver Wendell Holmes called it), “The Divinity School Address,” considered atheistic by many of his listeners, the summons to “Self-Reliance,” along with the more embattled realizations of “Circles” and, especially, “Experience.” Here, too, are his wide-ranging portraits of Montaigne, Shakespeare, and other “representative men,” and his astute observations on the habits, lives, and prospects of the English and American people.
This volume includes Emerson’s well-known Nature; Addresses, and Lectures (1849), his Essays: First Series (1841) and Essays: Second Series (1844), plus Representative Men (1850), English Traits (1856), and his later book of essays, The Conduct of Life (1860). These are the works that established Emerson’s colossal reputation in America and found him admirers abroad as diverse as Carlyle, Nietzsche, and Proust. The reasons for Emerson’s influence and durability will be obvious to any reader who follows the exhilarating, exploratory movements of his mind in this uniquely full gathering of his work.
Not merely another selection of his essays, this volume includes all his major books in their rich entirety. No other volume conveys so comprehensively the exhilaration and exploratory energy of perhaps America’s greatest writer.
LIBRARY OF AMERICA is an independent nonprofit cultural organization founded in 1979 to preserve our nation’s literary heritage by publishing, and keeping permanently in print, America’s best and most significant writing. The Library of America series includes more than 300 volumes to date, authoritative editions that average 1,000 pages in length, feature cloth covers, sewn bindings, and ribbon markers, and are printed on premium acid-free paper that will last for centuries.
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Review: Essays and LecturesProcura do Utilizador - Hairuo - Goodreads
Emerson, Whitman and Thoreau are three persons I like very much, because they all described nature so much and give me an impression of what a man or citizen should be existing. Ler crítica na íntegra
Nature Addresses and Lectures
First Visit to England
Voyage to England
Nominalist and Realist
New ENGLAND REFORMERS Lecture at Amory Hall
Uses of Great Men
Plato or the Philosopher
Swedenborg or the Mystic
Montaigne or the Skeptic
Shakspeare or the Poet
Napoleon or the Man of the World
Goethe or the Writer
Speech at Manchester
Considerations by the Way
Note on the Texts
Outras edições - Ver tudo
action animal appear beauty become believe better body cause character church comes common conversation divine draw earth effect England English equal exist experience expression face fact feel force genius give hand heart heaven hold hope hour human hundred ideas individual intellect Italy keep kind labor land leave less light live look manners means mind moral nature never objects once opinion party pass persons poet politics present race reason relation religion rich seems seen sense sentiment side society soul speak spirit stand talent things thought tion trade true truth turn universal virtue whilst whole wise wish write young
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Removals: Nineteenth-Century American Literature and the Politics of Indian ...
Pré-visualização limitada - 1991
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Learn about love and sex in the natural world at The Nat
Love is not exclusive to Valentine’s Day, nor is it exclusive to humans. On Friday, Feb. 9, the San Diego Natural History Museum will host its second installment of The Secret Society of Adultologists: Courtship, Love, and Sex, with a touch of romance. Guests of the 21+ event will be taken on a journey through courtship, love and sex in the natural world.
Each floor of the museum will feature stimulating events and activities, such as the species penis comparison station, live animal encounters, mating dance performances and Pillow Talk (a project from the Center of Biological Diversity that focuses on human population and endangered species).
Food and drinks are not included, but will be offered at happy hour prices. A drink or two on the rooftop bar might be needed after exploring the natural world in a rather intimate way.
The Secret Society of Adultologists: Courtship, Love and Sex
When: 7-10 p.m., Feb. 9
Where: 1788 El Prado, Balboa Park
More info: 619.232.3821, sdnhm.org
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You may occasionally receive promotional content from the Pacific San Diego.
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UiB still in the lead on EU research funding
The University of Bergen has the highest success rate among Norwegian universities in the competition for support from Horizon 2020. More than one in five proposals have been funded.
According to the Research Council of Norway (RCN), the European Commission has granted 77 of 369 Horizon 2020 project proposals in which the University of Bergen (UiB) is a partner or a coordinator. Horizon 2020 is the EU's research and innovation program and UiB's performance equals to a success rate of 20,9 percent. The average success rate for Norwegian universities is 13.9 per cent.
40 million euro to UiB
This spring, Norway reached the Government's goal of winning back two percent of the funds from Horizon 2020, according to RCN.
So far, UiB has received 40.3 million euro in Horizon 2020 funding. Most of the support is given to research projects in the Excellence pillar (such as ERC and Marie Curie grants) and to projects trying to solve environmental or health issues via the Societal Challenges pillar in Horizon 2020.
"UiB has cracked the code"
"I am very pleased that excellent researchers are applying for funds, and getting good results in Horizon 2020. It seems that the University of Bergen has cracked the code," says John-Arne Røttingen, Director General of RCN.
"UiB shows that it is possible for a university to succeed on all the Horizon 2020 pillars. However, it is important not to interpret good results as a "mission accomplished". About half of the funds from Horizon 2020 still needs to be granted, and we can and must take this opportunity to increase cooperation in research and innovation", Røttingen says.
Horizon 2020 will spend 80 billion euro in total from 2014 through 2020.
The EU will increase its commitment to research and innovation with the new "Horizon Europe" framework program. The European Commission has recently proposed spending 100 billion euro on the program from 2021 through 2027.
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Anyone who stands in the middle of Guangzhou's high-rise district and looks up is liable to suffer dizziness.
The 600m Canton Tower, China's tallest structure, sits across the Pearl River from several other newly-constructed giants, including the 103-storey International Finance Centre. The sensation is akin to strolling through a forest of enormous metal trees.
If the Chinese economy - represented by these vertiginous monuments - does fall to earth, one cannot help thinking that it would create a very large bang indeed; one that would be felt in every corner of the earth.
And fears have been spreading in recent months that China might be heading for precisely such a scenario. Economic indicators have been flashing red in recent months. There has been a sharp drop in residential property prices and a succession of disappointing car and retail sales figures.
But the most alarming news came at the weekend with the revelation by the customs department that China experienced a dramatic fall in exports in February. Much of this was attributable to the Chinese New Year holiday, when factories traditionally shut down.
But concerns have also grown that China - the world's workshop - is beginning to suffer from falling demand from Europe and America. China's gigantic export sector is simultaneously the source of China's strength and also its great weakness. Even the most prosperous of shops cannot remain in business if its customers decide to stop buying.
The country's leadership is certainly preparing for a slowdown. At the annual meeting of the National People's Congress in Beijing last week, the Chinese premier, Wen Jiabao, lowered this year's growth target from 8 per cent to 7.5 per cent.
So the question is, will the Chinese economic landing will be hard or soft?
The soft argument is more popular. China rode out the 2008 global financial crisis with a colossal state spending and lending programme, equal to 15 per cent of GDP. If necessary, it can repeat the trick, say analysts.
"In China, the fundamentals are good, confidence is likely to prove resilient and the policy cupboard is still pretty full," says Gerard Lyons, of Standard Chartered Bank.
Stephen Roach, a former chairman of Morgan Stanley Asia, agrees. He argues that because inflation has been falling in recent months, the Chinese central bank has plenty of room to cut interest rates to stimulate the economy. Others argue that even if the property market correction were to turn into a rout, which wiped out the country's over-extended local banks, Beijing would be able to spend some of its vast currency reserves to stabilise the situation.
Yet the Communist Party authorities might not be able to manage events in the manner the optimists suggest. In China there is the wild card of social unrest.
There are some tens of thousands of riots every year in the countryside, prompted by the seizures of land by corrupt officials. China's great metropolises, such as Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou, are also hubs of discontent. Around 200 million internal migrant workers are treated as second-class citizens. They are denied the same healthcare benefits as local residents. Their children attend sub-standard schools. The 2008 financial crisis cost around 20 million jobs across China.
There is another problem with the optimistic scenario. Investment accounts for a full 45 per cent of China's GDP. And that investment has primarily been in factories, heavy industry and infrastructure geared towards bolstering the country's export capacity. Even if China does manage to avoid a hard landing, it is on an economically unsustainable road.
What the country urgently needs is a rebalancing of its economy away from exports and investments to domestic consumption and the services sector.
The country's giant annual trade surplus - which results in China sending hundreds of billions of dollars of capital every year to wealthy America and Europe - needs to come down. China needs to grow organically, by allowing Chinese workers a greater share of the fruits of their labour. And workers need to be encouraged to spend, rather than save.
This means providing a more comprehensive social safety net so ordinary Chinese feel they do not need to put aside such a high proportion of their income to cope with old age or potential sickness.
The authorities in Beijing do acknowledge these realities. The Communist Party's 12th "five-year plan", unveiled last year, promises reform along these very lines. They have also pledged to allow the Chinese currency, the renminbi, to increase in value against the US dollar, which should facilitate rebalancing.
But it remains to be seen whether they will be able to deliver. The Chinese export lobby is likely to resist any measures that could undermine its profit margins. Some within the regime are already saying the renminbi has appreciated enough.
Who will prevail: technocrats or vested interests? The fortunes of China in the coming months and years do not only depend only on skilful economic management - they also depend on messy politics. And those battles take place behind closed doors.
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Paul Tucker, the deputy governor at the Bank of England, has suggested negative interest rates should be considered to kick-start bank lending.
Speaking to MPs on the Treasury Committee, Tucker said he raised the idea as one alternative way to help revive the UK economy, the BBC reports.
Negative interest rate would mean the Central Bank charges commercial banks to hold their money, with the aim of spurring the banks to lend more.
‘I hope we will think about whether there are constraints to setting negative interest rates,’ said Tucker.
‘This would be an extraordinary thing to do and it needs to be thought through carefully.’
Interest rates have been stuck at a record low of 0.5% for nearly four years, punishing savers who have seen the income from their savings drop since the crisis.
Other measures undertaken by the Bank to boost the economy have included £375 billion of quantitative easing.
Further possible measures include buying assets other than government bonds and reducing the marginal rate of interest on bank reserves held at the Bank to encourage them to lend more, the BBC reports.
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Configure how the crawler authenticates (Search Server 2008)
Updated: September 11, 2008
Applies To: Microsoft Search Server 2008
Topic Last Modified: 2009-04-08
|Unless otherwise noted, the information in this article applies to both Microsoft Search Server 2008 and Microsoft Search Server 2008 Express.|
When Search Server 2008 crawls the content specified by your content sources, the crawler uses the default content access account, by default, to authenticate to the server that hosts the content. Therefore, you must request that the owners of the content that you are crawling grant full Read permissions to the account that you assigned as the default content access account and any other accounts that are provided through a crawl rule.
In some cases, especially if you are crawling content that is external to your organization, administrators might not want to grant access to the default content access account. In these cases, you might have to create a crawl rule that uses a different account to crawl that content.
Before you perform the procedures to complete this task, determine the authentication method that is used by the server that hosts the content that you are crawling. By default, Search Server uses NTLM authentication. Other supported authentication methods are Basic authentication, client certificates, forms-based authentication, and cookie authentication.
To change how the crawler authenticates to other servers, you can perform the following procedures:
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Between 1986 and 1988, the jazz musician and experimental music pioneer George Lewis created the first version of Voyager. After spending some time making work that involved compositional programmes in Paris, Lewis returned to the US and began work on Voyager. His aspiration was not simply to use computers as a tool or raw material, but to create software that could take an equal improvisational role to the other (human) musicians in the performance.
From every window there were beauties to be seen. The rooms were lofty and handsome, and their furniture suitable to the fortune of their proprietor; but Elizabeth saw with admiration of his taste, that it was neither gaudy nor uselessly fine; with less of splendour, and more real elegance, than the furniture of Rosings
The Houses of Parliament in London is one of the most famous buildings in the world. A masterpiece of Victorian Gothic architecture which incorporates survivals from the medieval Palace of Westminster, it was made a World Heritage Site by UNESCO along with Westminster Abbey, and St Margaret’s Church, in 1987. With its restoration and renewal in the news, find out more about the background in this interactive timeline.
Fifteen years after the devastation in lower Manhattan that is routinely referred to as 9/11, the site that was once Ground Zero is unrecognizable. The Twin Towers have been replaced by Michael Arad’s memorial Reflecting Absence, anchored by two voids in part of the space once filled by Minoru Yamasaki’s skyscrapers.
“What a chance for an architect!” Charles Barry exclaimed as he watched the old Palace of Westminster burning down in 1834. When he then went on to win the competition to design the new Houses of Parliament he thought it was the chance of a lifetime. Instead it turned into the most nightmarish building project of the nineteenth century. What ‘lessons learned’ might the brilliant classical architect draw up today based on his experiences?
Dogs have historically performed many roles for humans, such as herding, protection, assisting police, companionship, and aiding the handicapped. The tale of “man’s best friend” is a lengthy and intimate history that has lasted for thousands of years, and transcends modern cultural boundaries. Canines appear as poignant characters with symbolic meaning in mythological stories, famous works of art, and religious texts.
The Edinburgh Fringe is in full swing with over 3,000 arts events coming to the vibrant Scottish capital over the next few weeks. With the International Book Festival kicking off on the 13th, we’ve compiled our favourite bookish spots around the city for you to squeeze into your schedule.
In February 1764, Samuel Butler, the steward at Stoneleigh Abbey in Warwickshire, wrote to the London upholsterer, Thomas Burnett, that he should wait in sending furniture because ‘our house is now in greater confusion than ever … as we are making great alterations in the middle part of the house’. These changes were being made as a result of the recent coming of age of Edward, fifth Lord Leigh.
Robert Whitman is a pioneering American artist who, in the company of other groundbreaking figures including Claes Oldenberg, Jim Dine, and Allan Kaprow, performed experimental performance art pieces in New York in the 1960s. In 1966, Whitman would become a founding member of the collective Experiments in Art and Technology (E.A.T.), along with Bell Labs engineers Billy Klüver and Fred Waldhaur and artist Robert Rauschenberg.
Human beings are subject to a continual process of bodily transformation, but shape-shifting also belongs in the landscape of magic, witchcraft, and wonder. Marina Warner, in her award-winning essays Fantastic Metamorphoses, Other Worlds: Ways of Telling the Self, explores this idea ranging from Ovid to Lewis Carroll. In the extract below she looks at Shakespeare’s use of magic and demons
Today, most people associate Southern California with images of palm trees, beaches, swimming pools, and the entertainment industry. If pressed to imagine an earlier era they might come up with “old” Hollywood, the Gold Rush, or even the mission era. But how much of the Golden State can be attributed to the ancient Greeks and Romans?
You go to the museum. Stand in line for half an hour. Pay 20 bucks. And then, you’re there, looking at the exhibited artworks, but you get nothing out of it. You try hard. You read the little annoying labels next to the artworks. Even get the audio-guide. Still nothing. What do you do? Maybe you’re just not into this specific artist. Or maybe you’re not that into paintings in general. Or art.
A self-professed “comprehensive anticipatory design scientist,” the inventor Buckminster Fuller (1895-1983) was undoubtedly a visionary. Fuller’s creations often bordered on the realm of science fiction, ranging from the freestanding geodesic dome to the three-wheel Dymaxion car.
By the time Francisco Goya died on this day in 1828, he had established himself as one of the greatest portraitists of modern times. During his 74 years, he featured both nobles and kings and humble workers and farmers in over 1,800 works. It is said that he painted at a pace so furious, he completed his wife’s portrait, now hanging in the Prado, in an hour.
Ancient Egyptian art dates all the way back to 3000BC and provides us with an understanding of ancient Egyptian socioeconomic structures and belief systems. The Ancient Egyptians also developed an array of diverse architectural structures and monuments, from temples to the pyramids that are still a major tourist attraction today. But how much do you know about Ancient Egyptian art and architecture?
In 2003 Paul Bahn led the team that discovered the first Ice Age cave art at Creswell Crags in Britain. In recent years, many more discoveries have been made including the expanding phenomenon of ‘open-air Ice Age art’. In the slideshow below, you can see some of the earliest examples of art on the planet, and take a tour of prehistoric art throughout the world.
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Warrantless Financial Surveillance by U.S. Gov’t on Pace to Hit All-Time High in 2016
Do you remember Eliot Spitzer?
Back in 2008, Spitzer was the up-and-coming Governor of New York State, promoted by many as an ideal presidential candidate of the future. All that came to a crashing halt when news leaked out that the United States Government had caught Governor Spitzer with prostitutes. Spitzer resigned from office in shame, his political career brought to an abrupt finish.
All this is broad public knowledge. However, many have forgotten exactly how Eliot Spitzer’s political rise was so effectively spiked: warrantless surveillance by agents of the United States government. As NPR’s Adam Davidson reported during the Spitzer scandal of 2008, Spitzer got caught up in a broad web of U.S. government surveillance of Americans’ financial activity, even though the government had not a hint of prior suspicion that Spitzer was doing anything illegal. Spitzer was caught using a warrantless “suspicious activity report.” Spitzer’s SAR looked like this:
Those are some personal, damaging and very particular details about Spitzer’s life, and thanks to the suspicious activity report system, they were all gathered and sent to the government without a warrant.
The federal government has ordered banks and other financial institutions across the country to engage in surveillance as a matter of routine and pass on all “suspicious activity reports” [SARs] for government review. Davidson explained how these SARs work back in 2008:
Banks monitor every transaction. Every one, no matter how small…. The software is checking to see if maybe that $4 is part of a pattern…. The report goes to a bank’s compliance officer, listing all recent suspicious transactions. Every transaction is given a numerical score…. The computer makes the score based on who is making the transaction, where does he come from, who is he associated with, what else is he up to. Every bank customer has, somewhere, in some computer database, a risk assessment score.
Contrast this activity to the 4th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which guarantees that:
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
Despite this constitutional guarantee on paper, the surveillance of Eliot Spitzer’s papers and effects occurred, just as it occurs for all Americans. Such surveillance occurs all the time, regardless of the constitution, without a warrant or prior probable cause. When a computer algorithm surpasses a threshold, agents of the U.S. government are sent a report — the suspicious activity report.
Just how many suspicious activity reports have been sent to the U.S. government over recent years? The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network keeps its twenty years of data squirreled in separate places — from 1996 to 2008 here, from 2003 to 2012 here, and from 2013 through June 2016 here. Stitching together these various reports provides us a forest-for-the-trees view of the large-scale changes in the volume of suspicious activity reports collected by the U.S. government:
As you can see, the volume of suspicious activity reports has risen dramatically from 62,743 in 1996 to 1,812,248 in 2015. The last year’s count in the graph — for 2016 — is an estimate based on the 973,477 suspicious activity reports collected by agents of the U.S. government in the first half of the year. If the current trend continues, a record 1,946,954 suspicious activity reports will be collected by the U.S. government in 2016.
SARs rose dramatically under the administration of President George W. Bush, but they have risen to even higher levels under the administration of President Barack Obama. In at least one case, the meteoric rise of an American political figure was dramatically truncated by this system of warrantless surveillance. How else will these suspicious activity reports be used to change American politics — to change American history?
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While authoring my forthcoming book, I have read many professional books. This is the second in a series of professional book reviews–possible titles for your summer reading. The reviews are in no particular order.
Timothy D. Walker, author of Teach Like Finland, identified six strategies Finnish educators use to approach their work: seek flow, have a thicker skin, collaborate over coffee, welcome the experts, vacate on vacation, and don’t forget the joy. I wrote about the first three last week.
Welcome the Experts
Walker was not comfortable at first with welcoming colleagues or other experts into his classroom. After he visited other classrooms where he saw this modeled, he became a convert. Walker writes: “I found that the more I welcomed experts into my classroom, the more I began to view myself as a resource manager who could design great learning experiences for my class by tapping into talents outside my own” (183).
School librarians have a long tradition of inviting guests into the library. We regularly invite authors, illustrators, scientists, politicians, and local experts of all kinds to share via the library program. (And it’s important to remember that all educators may not be as comfortable with this practice.) The very best of these presentations are directly aligned with classroom curricula and are coplanned and cofacilitated with classroom teachers and specialists.
Two of the most successful expert presentations during my time at Sabino High School were visits by Arizona Daily Star editorial cartoonist David Fitzsimmons and our then Arizona State Representative Marian McClure. In both cases, I worked with the social studies classroom teachers to prepare students for their visits and to follow up afterward. Editorial cartoons became the topic for “questioning” reading comprehension strategy lessons. (See lesson 5-2 in Coteaching Reading Comprehension Strategies in Secondary School Libraries: Maximizing Your Impact.) In addition to civics information, the connection with Representative McClure provided advocacy for school librarianship at the state legislature.
While school librarians are adept at bringing in outside experts, they may not be as experienced with using the human resources in the library and on campus. School staff and faculty have abundant expertise and talents to share. As school librarians build relationships in the school community, it is incumbent upon them to uncover the lights that are hiding under barrels in their own buildings—lights that could make a difference for students’ enthusiasm for curriculum-based learning as well as their pursuit of independent learning.
In a recent Knowledge Quest blog post titled “Library as Incubator,” Mark Dzula wrote about how he supported the school library paraprofessional aide in sharing her language and culture expertise with students during a weekly lunchtime drop-in Arabic program. Mark wrote: “She was motivated to share her love of the language to help expand students’ worldview and to overcome any social stigma that the students may have encountered in association with Arabic.” A dozen students attended and were very inspired in various ways to pursue more information about Arabic language and culture. With support from the World Language Department, one student is taking an independent study in Arabic with the library assistant next year.
Vacate on Vacation
According to Walker, Finnish teachers “literally” vacating during the summer. Shocking! This practice is in sharp contrast with the summer practices of most U.S. educators. In the summer, most teach summer school, work another job outside of education, or prepare for the next school year. (Some even time their pregnancies so they can give birth in the summer in order to return to the classroom in the fall.) Walker, who feels the “vacate on vacation” strategy is too extreme, says he prefers a hybrid approach. In the summer, he dedicates a “healthy chunk of time for disconnecting and a healthy chunk of time for professional development” (186).
The pace of life for most U.S. educators is intense during the academic year. Relaxing during the summer (and regularly throughout the school year) seems to be the healthiest choice. Making time in the summer for extended periods of reflection can be an excellent use of one’s “free” time. Interspersing professional books with other types of reading (adult novels, YA literature, and school curriculum-oriented reading) is one strategy some school librarians use to find balance. Extending conference attendance to include touring new parts of the country or visiting with friends and relatives is another way to combine professional learning with personal interests.
Some would suggest that regular technology holidays could also improve one’s ability to relax. In his book, Walker offers a summary of a study conducted by the Harvard Business School. The study involved two groups of consulting firm workers. One group worked 50+ hours per week. didn’t take vacation time and was always connected via their electronic devices. The other worked 40 hours per week, took vacations, and coordinated unconnected time with their coworkers so they could be disconnected without worry or guilt. The team that took time off reported higher job satisfaction, better work-life balance, increased learning, improved communication with their team, and were more efficient and productive in their work (187).
By “vacating” the always “on” culture for selected days, weekends, or even months might also prioritize engaging in enriching face-to-face interactions with family, friends, neighbors, and even strangers. One thought-provoking book to consider on this subject is Reclaiming Conversation: The Power of Talk in the Digital Age by Sherry Turkle. She proclaims: “It’s time to put technology in its place and reclaim conversation. That journey begins with a better understanding of what conversation accomplishes and how technology can get in the way” (25).
Don’t Forget the Joy
This adage could be the overarching theme for Teach Like Finland. According to Walker, in 2016, Finnish comprehensive schools implemented the newest core curriculum, “where joy is being practiced as a learning concept” (189). When I read this, my U.S. educator mind sadly went directly to these questions: Is joy measurable? How will it be tested? (Ugh!)
There is a palpable feeling of excitement in a joyful learning environment. I once served as the school librarian in a truly “joyful” preK-5 school. Our school was led by a joyful principal whose most often heard phrase was “what a wonder!” With a positive school climate and a commitment to a culture of collaboration, faculty, staff, and families made our school a joyful place to be—every day of the academic year (and in summer programs, too).
Joy begins inside of each individual and from there can spread out to all members of our learning communities. Walker notes that prioritizing joy may not be easy for many U.S. educators but regardless of where he teaches, Timothy Walker commits to remembering and prioritizing joy. The last line in his book: “How about you?”
Note: This photograph of our seven-month-old puppy Pearl playing with her friend Vicka captures (for me) the pure spirit of joy. (Pearl is the poodle.) Every morning when we awake, she reminds us there is a truly joyful way to greet each day.
Dzula, Mark. “Library as Incubator.” Knowledge Quest Blog. 18 May 2017. http://knowledgequest.aasl.org/library-as-incubator/ Accessed 26 May 2017.
Moreillon, Judi. Coteaching Reading Comprehension Strategies in Secondary School Libraries: Maximizing Your Impact. Chicago: ALA Editions, 2012.
Turkle, Sherry. Reclaiming Conversation: The Power of Talk in the Digital Age. New York: Penguin, 2015.
Walker, Timothy D. Teach Like Finland: 33 Simple Strategies for Joyful Classrooms. New York: W. W. Norton, 2016.
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FLATNESS OF FATNESS: LEVELING OBESITY TRENDS
June 25, 2010
The latest data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey show that obesity rates among American children and adults have leveled off, says Jacob Sullum, a senior editor at Reason Magazine and Reason.com.
- Since 1999, the prevalence of high body mass index (BMI) among children and adolescents has been about 17 percent.
- Among women in the survey, the rate of obesity (defined as having a BMI of 30 or more) was about 33 percent from 1999 through 2004, rose slightly to 35 percent in 2005 and has held steady since then.
- Among men during the same period, the rate rose from 31 percent to 33 percent before declining to 32 percent.
"Right now we've halted the progress of the obesity epidemic," William H. Dietz, director of the Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention told the New York Times in January.
David Ludwig, director of the Optimal Weight for Life Program at Children's Hospital in Boston, is less confident that lifestyle changes account for the plateau:
- It could be that most of the people who are genetically susceptible, or susceptible for psychological or behavioral reasons, have already become obese.
- Or it may be that "we've reached a biological limit" to how fat we can get because people burn more calories to maintain and transport their bodies as they gain weight; a population doesn't keep getting heavier and heavier indefinitely.
Source: Jacob Sullum, "Flatness of fatness: leveling obesity trends," Reason Magazine, June 2010.
Browse more articles on Health Issues
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The social network's users are increasingly located in Latin America, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia.
The story of Facebook's rise began in the U.S., but today it is mostly told elsewhere, with more than 80 percent of users living in foreign countries, and more than half of the company's revenue coming from outside of the U.S. Much of Facebook's success -- and the high valuation that earned it $16 billion yesterday on its first day of public trading -- comes from its international expansion. Facebook now has higher market penetration -- meaning it is used by more potential members -- in some parts of Latin America and even the Middle East than it does in the U.S.
It's a trend that appears likely to continue, with Facebook increasingly a service not just for rich, developed countries, but for people in the still-developing societies of Africa and Latin America and the Middle East, where it can sometimes play a slightly different role. In part, it's a story about the change in platforms, as more users access Facebook from smart phones, which are fueling the network's growth in African and Asian countries such as Nigeria or Thailand, where a home computer might be too expensive and where public infrastructure can make at-home broadband difficult to secure. It's also about the urbanization of the developing world, which means that more users have access to the internet cafes that dot the world's rising cities.
Though Facebook's remarkably international rise is of course largely due to the fact that people like using their website, some of its greatest successes in foreign markets say as much about those countries and the people in them as they do about Facebook itself.
Some of the fastest-growing Facebook markets are in the developing world, where more people are living in cities, have greater access to technology, and are looking for more ways to connect with family members across countries that sometimes lack the sort of transportation or communications infrastructure that we enjoy in the developed world. Here are just a handful of the 22 countries that have seen their number of Facebook users grow by over 50 percent in just the last three months: Republic of Congo, Mexico, Malaysia, Tanzania, Russia, Colombia, Iraq, and Yemen, which grew the fastest.
According to Facebook's official estimates, its highest market penetration is a staggering 85 percent in Chile, Venezuela, and Turkey (the company estimates 60 percent penetration in the U.S. and UK). These countries are among the per-capita wealthiest in the two regions that have seen some of the most impressive user growth rates: Latin America and the Middle East. Facebook has five million and three million users in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, respectively, meaning that one-in-five Saudis and four-in-ten Emiratis have registered accounts, a remarkable statistic for a country where animal husbandry was one of the most common professions only 50 years ago.
Facebook's much-studied rise in the Arab world has been called a product of the growing Arab middle class, an indication of the youth bulge of Arab 20-somethings, a reaction against the authoritarian regimes that have pushed public discourse off of the street and onto social media, and a sign of the increasing connectivity among communities that were long fractured by oppression and war. All of these factors, it so happens, have also been attributed to the rise of the Arab Spring pro-democracy movements. Facebook was perhaps more suited for activists in these societies, because the website emphasizes sharing within a self-selected network rather than with everyone as on Twitter, making it easier to keep private from security forces.
Facebook's growth in Latin America is much more recent. As of 2010, some tech-watchers considered its then-lackluster growth there to be a disappointment. Since then, the social network has profited from the proliferation of internet cafes and smart phones, and has been able to grow within Latin America's strong regional identity, emphasizing a network that does especially well by spanning the Spanish-speaking countries. Facebook has aggressively courted the region, hiring away top Google executives in Latin America last year, and it appears to be working.
The big international disappointment has been East Asia, which would seem like a great market for Facebook. People there are wired at some of the highest rates in the world, and just as importantly they've got the kind of money that makes them attractive to advertisers. But some of Facebook's lowest market penetration is here, at less than 15 percent in tech-savvy Japan and South Korea, and about zero percent in social media-obsessed China. But it's precisely because these countries are already so tech-crazed that Facebook is having such a tough time: existing Japanese, Chinese, and Korean social media networks already have high penetration rates, and are specialized to service these very particular societies, making Facebook less attractive to potential users there.
Though the U.S. still has the most users of any country, with 150 million, both Brazil and India are catching up quickly with about 50 million. Analysts estimate that India will overtake the U.S. in sheer number of users by 2015, though it's difficult to imagine that advertisers will be willing to pay quite as much to reach Indian consumers as their wealthier American counterparts. But, with the number of developing-world users rising so rapidly, the proportion of users in the rich developed world is likely to continue dropping, which may have implications for Facebook's efforts to make money off of its growing but decreasingly wealthy users.
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BELGRADE, Serbia (AP) -- Gen. Ratko Mladic, the brutal Bosnian Serb general suspected of leading the bloody massacre of 8,000 Muslim men and boys, was arrested in an early morning raid Thursday in Serbia after years in hiding, the country's president said.
The arrest 16 years after Mladic was indicted by the U.N. war crimes tribunal for genocide, could be a jolt for Serbia's lagging efforts to join the European Union. The country has been under intense pressure from the international community to catch Europe's most wanted war crimes suspect and the EU has insisted on his arrest as a condition for its membership bid.
U.N. prosecutors have said they believed the suspect in the worst massacre in Europe since World War II was hiding in Serbia under the protection of hardliners who consider him a hero for his role in Bosnia's 1992-95 ethnic war.
Belgrade's media said Mladic was arrested in Lazarevo, a village some 100 kilometers (60 miles) northeast of Belgrade, at the home of relatives. B-92 radio said Mladic was not in disguise when arrested, unlike wartime Bosnian Serb president Radovan Karadzic, who was arrested in Belgrade in 2008 posing as a New Age guru, with long white hair and a beard.
Villagers told The Associated Press that the dusk action by Serbian security officers appeared to be swift and quiet.
"They didn't even wake us up," a man who identified himself only as Zoran for fear of reprisals said. "We learned about the arrest only in the morning."
The general earned a reputation as a cold and ruthless killer, personally leading his troops in the bloody Serb onslaught against the U.N.-protected Srebrenica enclave in Bosnia. Just hours before the slaughter, Mladic handed out candy to Muslim children in the town's square, assuring them everything would be fine and patting one child on the head. Then the shootings began and the bodies of the victims were bulldozed into mass graves.
The town's name has become nearly synonymous with the horrible bloodshed of the Balkan conflicts.
"We ended a difficult period of our history and removed the stain from the face of the members of our nation wherever they live," President Boris Tadic told reporters in announcing the arrest.
Mladic will be extradited to the war crimes tribunal in The Hague, Netherlands, he said. He did not specify when, but said "an extradition process is under way." Justice officials say it will take at least a week before he is handed over.
In Bosnia, the head of a group of victims' family members formed to keep the pressure on war crimes investigators, welcomed the arrest. But, added Munira Subasic, "I'm sorry for all the victims who are dead and cannot see this day."
Serbia has been under intense scrutiny over Mladic, with the chief U.N. war crimes prosecutor, Serge Brammertz, complaining earlier this month that authorities were not doing enough to capture him and other war crimes fugitives.
Brammertz's regular reports on Serbia's compliance are crucial for the Balkan country's efforts to become an EU member candidate. On Thursday, he called justice for the victims of Mladic's alleged crimes in Bosnia "long overdue."
The victims "endured unimaginable horrors - including the genocide in Srebrenica," Brammertz said in a statement Thursday.
Serbia's war crimes office said in a statement that the arrest represents "the fulfillment of justice."
Croatian media, which first broke the story, said police there got confirmation from their Serbian colleagues that DNA analysis confirmed Mladic's identity.
In Brussels, NATO Secretary-General Anders Fogh Rasmussen hailed the arrest, saying Thursday that almost 16 years since Mladic's indictment for genocide "his arrest finally offers a chance for justice to be done."
Tens of thousands of NATO troops were deployed to Bosnia in 1995 to safeguard a U.S.-sponsored peace agreement between that nations' warring factions. They have since been withdrawn and replaced by a much smaller European Union force.
The White House congratulated Serbian authorities on Mladic's arrest and said his capture shows that justice eventually will come to those who perpetrate crimes against humanity.
"Our thoughts and prayers are with the families of the victims of so many people who suffered under the violence and tyranny of Mladic," said deputy national security adviser Ben Rhodes, who spoke in Deauville, France, where President Barack Obama was attending an economic summit on Thursday.
In 1995, The United Nations had declared Serb-besieged Srebrenica a protected area for civilians. But the few hundred Dutch Blue Helmets on the ground were left short of credible weaponry or a clear mandate to protect the town.
Srebrenica fell to the Serbs after senior U.N. commanders dithered on Dutch requests for air strikes and its overwhelmingly Bosnian Muslim residents swarmed the U.N. military base, seeking refuge. But the peacekeepers allowed the Serbs to take away the townspeople when Mladic said they would not be harmed.
Since the massacre, the bodies of thousands of the victims have been recovered, identified through DNA tests and laid to rest.
Associated Press writers Jovana Gec, Slobodan Lekic in Brussels and Aida Cerkez in Sarajevo contributed to this story.
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https://www.theblaze.com/news/2011/05/26/war-crimes-fugitive-mladic-busted-in-serbia
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00270.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.969629
| 1,133
| 1.585938
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|
The "Green New Deal" is an environmentalist spin on FDR's Depression-era social program. We hear about the political movement behind it, and the lofty ambitions to combat the impacts of climate change.
Varshini Prakash is a Massachusetts native and Boston-based co-founder of the Sunrise Movement.
"When we talk about a Green New Deal, what we are talking about is an umbrella term for the kinds of programs and policies that get us off fossil fuels fast, transitioning to a 100 percent renewable energy economy to stop the climate crisis, and in the process creating millions upon millions of good paying new jobs and supporting communities on the front lines of poverty and pollution.
"We're talking about a socioeconomic project to rival some of the greatest projects in history."
But what about its big cost?
"[W]hen we think about what it would cost, we're talking about massive investments, we're talking about an actual investment in our country.
"[S]omething I do want to point out is that we seem to have the money for lots of things. We seem to have the money for a $1.7 trillion tax giveaway to the wealthiest of the wealthy in this country. So if we have dollars, if we have money to pad the pockets of billionaires and a pay for fighter jets, then I think we can scrape together the money to improve people's access to clean air and clean water and allow people to live out the rest of their lives in peace and dignity."
Why she's a climate activist
"Everything about why I fight on climate has to do with my family and where I'm from. I was born and raised in Massachusetts, but I am the child of two South Indian immigrants, and the way in which the climate crisis is wreaking havoc in India, in places around the world, especially the global south, is heartbreaking.
"In 2015 we saw an extremely strong monsoon season that caused some of the worst floods in China and southern India. We saw a million people being put in refugee camps in Kerala, India, where my family is from. People in my family had to house people for weeks because of the destruction that was caused to people's homes and livelihoods."
This article was originally published on January 10, 2019.
This segment aired on January 10, 2019.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.wbur.org/radioboston/2019/01/10/green-new-deal-boston
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|
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| 0.966466
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|
What skills does a manager need?
There are three fundamental skills of a manager:
The manager should be proficient at specific tasks. This in turn helps to provide the credibility or knowledge to persuade people to do certain things.
The manager has to know how to work with people.
The manager can see the organisation as a whole. In other words, there has to be some knowledge of the organisation and what it does and how it interacts with other organisations.
The most important skill of a manager
For more specific skills, here is a list compiled by management experts in decreasing order of importance:
- People skills
- Strategic thinking (planning ahead and predicting what was going to happen)
- Flexible/adaptable to change
- Team player
- Solve-complex problems and make decisions
- Ethical/high personal standards
Hence the most important skill of a manager is to understand people and what makes them motivated to do the work in the achievement of certain goal(s).
Are managers leaders?
Firstly we need to know the difference between a leader and a manager.
A leader is someone described as a creative genius who has the vision of leading his/her people within an entire organisation or nation to something that we can all believe in and realistically achieve as something worthwhile to strive for in our lives.
A manager is someone described as a practical genius who is aware of the vision for an entire organisation or nation and can achieve various goal(s) to help reach for this vision in a practical way.
Now a good manager is one that has both managerial and leadership skills. Thus a manager can be a leader. It all depends on the person's upbringing, nature of the managerial job, and the kind of knowledge and experience he/she acquires to become a good manager.
What makes a good manager?
A management expert by the name of Charles Gibbon described the key elements of a quality manager as follows:
"1. Possess well-defined goals.
2. Be able to allocate resources according to priorities.
3. Be able to make decisions, act upon them, and accept responsibility for them.
4. Be willing to compromise.
5. Be able to delegate and to depend on subordinates.
6. Be self-motivated and self-controlled.
7. Be able to organize, plan, and communicate for effective use of resources.
8. Maintain good relationships with others.
9. Possess emotional maturity and the internal resources to cope with frustration, disappointment, and stress.
10. Be able to appraise oneself and one's performance objectively, to admit to being wrong.
11. Expect that one will keep on growing, improve one's performance, and continue to develop." (Person 1983, p.334)
But just keep in mind the following points and you should do well:
- If not in survival-mode, a manager should avoid creating hierarchies in an organisation as this will only create inferiority and superiority complexes in people after a while and will reduce the full potential of everyone.
- Consistency in behaviour is an important characteristic of a good manager.
- Managers should perform their work exactly as they preach to others. This is all part of consistency. As Marion Nicolson, managing director of the Australian firm Library Locums, said: "Our philisophy is simple - we treat people with respect and do what we say we'll do."
- Managers should be friendly and approachable.
- Communicate with everyone regularly and when it is necessary.
- Managers should support their staff through praise, encouragement and improving the work environment.
- Managers should be leaders. They must have creativity and not just the practical skills to solve problems.
- Managers should have the ability to confidently and appropriately direct others to work if they have not yet actualised and reached the level of being self-managed.
- It is claimed that internal customers should never crack under pressure from others. This is the robotic view of management. The human view of management is that people are allowed to express their emotions and views. It is the job of a manager to look for these situations and to talk to staff as early as possible to understand why and resolve them before the emotions reach a level that can affect external customers. Similarly, the reverse is true: look for situations where external customers may find themselves under stress or become frustrated, talk to these customers, listen to them, and resolve the problems for things the manager has control over.
- Remember when things go wrong, everyone is responsible, not just staff, but also management. Everyone must work together. Sacking people is not the way to solve problems. It should be seen as a last resort.
- The people who must improve the situation is everyone. We are all the solution to our problems.
How many staff should a manager be managing?
It depends on how many staff the manager can handle, and what the staff themselves are doing or can bring to the table in terms of additional skills (e.g. self-management).
If staff are doing a wide variety of different things and/or self-managed in their tasks and other activities and are already fulfilling the role and beyond (e.g. finding creative solutions not expected of the role but is making a positive difference to others and the organisation), you can supervise/manage less staff (but technically you can handle more people under your wing). If staff are doing similar things but need to be told what to do after completing various tasks (especially if people might suddenly find themselves facing new tasks and are not highly skilled in themselves), you will usually have to supervise/manage more staff more of the time. It also depends on you: How capable are you to be a good manager? Do you receive assistance? Do you like to supervise people or let them get on with it? How much self-confidence have you got?
How many staff you can manage and what staff are doing will determine your span of management as the experts would say. The wider your span, the more staff you can manage just so long as you don't lose out on developing a quality relationship with all your staff. If you are having shallow relationships with your staff, it is quite likely your span of management is too great and it should be reduced so that you can keep in touch with your staff (seriously, managers and staff are human beings too).
Where can I get more information?
Business Insurance Quotes in the US has kindly compiled a list of 15 blog post links at http://www.businessinsurance.org/ since 30 August 2011 covering things like:
- How to be a Good Manager: 8 Quick Tips
- What Makes a Good Leader
- People Management Styles
- How a Good Boss Responds to Mistakes
It may serve you well to check these links out and gather any additional insights into this topic.
Or if your interests happen to lie more in the world of freelancing an understandable decision given the more rewarding and varied jobs available from a greater number of clients (especially when combined with the internet to connect with clients through certain web sites) as well as to provide the necessary flexibility to one's working life and to better survive the economic downturns in your area you may find the following links to be a great starting point:
- An Independent Contractor Guide (U.S.) from FormSwift (prepared by Jackson Hille and Justin Gomer), which also includes a section on tax-related matters for American freelancers
- The Freelance Work Guide
Or do you want to simply become a great manager for either your own or an existing business or company? Are you looking to find the latest management concepts and skills but need to know the best places where to gain this knowledge? If this is you, the Education section at this page provides the latest and best MBA rankings by educational institution or course as prepared by people like Forbes and the Financial Times. The links you will find there should provide the first steps to helping you find the best programs for your business education.
And if you still want more, don't hesitate to search around on Google.com or Bing.com.
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://www.sunrisepage.com/manage/skilmana.htm
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|
en
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|
Ask Donald Trump, and he’ll gleefully tell you how important his endorsement is. “Everybody wants it,” he tells the Washington Post. “I have millions of people waiting for me to do it.” But the Post isn’t convinced; research reveals that the power of endorsements has declined to virtually nothing, it reports. “The vast majority of individual endorsements are worth the vote of the endorser and, about half the time, the endorser’s spouse,” quips one political science professor.
In general, 61% of Americans say endorsements don’t matter to them, to 37% who said they are important. Some strategists argue that they are useful at least in generating positive news coverage, and sometimes in signaling a candidate’s ideology in primaries. “Every time you put points on the board it’s important, so endorsements add up,” says one Democratic pollster. But Trump’s certainly wouldn’t. In one Fox News poll, 71% said his endorsement wouldn’t matter to them, and another 18% said it would be a negative.
|
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.newser.com/story/136331/sorry-trump-endorsements-dont-matter.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280899.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00575-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
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Explore the words cloud of the AlgaHealth project. It provides you a very rough idea of what is the project "AlgaHealth" about.
The following table provides information about the project.
ALGAHEALTH (AH) Ltd
|Coordinator Country||Israel [IL]|
|Total cost||71˙429 €|
|EC max contribution||50˙000 € (70%)|
1. H2020-EU.3. (PRIORITY 'Societal challenges)
2. H2020-EU.2.3. (INDUSTRIAL LEADERSHIP - Innovation In SMEs)
3. H2020-EU.2.1. (INDUSTRIAL LEADERSHIP - Leadership in enabling and industrial technologies)
|Duration (year-month-day)||from 2019-07-01 to 2019-11-30|
Take a look of project's partnership.
Obesity, diabetes and other metabolic syndromes affect an increasing proportion of the population and pose significant economic burden to healthcare systems. To prevent and treat lifestyle-related diseases, it is not sufficient to use an exclusively pharmacological treatment. Nutrition also plays a critical role. Therefore, researchers began to find safe and effective functional ingredients in food to prevent and treat such diseases. One of these functional ingredients is fucoxanthin - a golden-brown carotenoid found in macro and microalgae.
The common method to harvest fucoxanthin is from macroalgae (brown seaweeds), but it is not an acceptable alternative because it is seasonal, not sustainable and allows to the extraction of very low quantities of fucoxanthin. The only alternative for a more efficient and sustainable production of fucoxanthin are microalgae. However, existing production techniques of microalgae require high investment and large energy input, preventing large scale and sustainable production.
At AlgaHealth we isolated, developed and cultivated new and proprietary microalgae strains of Isochrysis species and novel agro-physiological manipulations to make them grow faster and produce more fucoxanthin. These novel technologies constitute a proven and efficient platform for industrial scale production of high quality fucoxanthin-based oleoresin, at lower energy and environmental-friendly production costs.
AlgaHealth is an Israeli biotech company founded in 2017 and stemming from its co-founders’ 20-year experience in microalgae and carotenoids industries. The proposed work in Phase 1 of the SME instrument fits into our overall plan to reach the market by contributing the financial resources needed to plan a fast sound wider deployment of AlgaHealth products and their market uptake.
Are you the coordinator (or a participant) of this project? Plaese send me more information about the "ALGAHEALTH" project.
For instance: the website url (it has not provided by EU-opendata yet), the logo, a more detailed description of the project (in plain text as a rtf file or a word file), some pictures (as picture files, not embedded into any word file), twitter account, linkedin page, etc.
Send me an email (firstname.lastname@example.org) and I put them in your project's page as son as possible.
Thanks. And then put a link of this page into your project's website.
The information about "ALGAHEALTH" are provided by the European Opendata Portal: CORDIS opendata.
Smart Nursing BraRead More
COMMERCIALIZING THE FIRST HEAD-UP-DISPLAY FOR OFF-HIGHWAY VEHICLESRead More
Dyme gives its users complete control over their financial situation. The Dyme application provides insight into users’ spending and subscriptions, and lets users cancel, negotiate, or switch any contRead More
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<urn:uuid:bf02ac03-d1af-4d95-9b05-8831f489e719>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://www.fabiodisconzi.com/open-h2020/projects/224510/index.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00668.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.863426
| 878
| 1.703125
| 2
|
You may be familiar with your
'Sun Sign', but what is a 'Moon Sign'? The Moon is said to rule your personality, while
the Sun rules your individuality, while the Ascendant Sun dictates our outer appearance and
mannerisms (learn more about the Ascendant by clicking on its icon in the horoscope main
You may be surprised to learn that
you may illustrate more of your Moon Sign qualities than your Sun Sign (it should be noted
though that the vast majority of the populous manifest their Sun Signs). By reading the
description of your Moon Sign you will be able to judge how much the Moon affects your
personality. The descriptions are quite general, but may ring true nonetheless.
Your Moon Sign is determined by
the date of your birth. So, on the following pages you will be presented with a chart that
represents the year you were born. Not every date for that year is represented on the chart, only the dates
on which the Moon changed. So you will select the last change before the date of your birth.
The exact times in which the Moon changed is not displayed on the chart, so if there was a moon
change on your birthday, the moon may still have been in the preceding Sign at the time you
were born. You will simply have to read both descriptions and choose the one that most
represents your personality. This will make you more adept at recognizing signs for both
yourself and others.
If the year you were born is not listed below, please contact us.
Please select the year you were born...
|
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|
CC-MAIN-2016-44
|
http://www.ofesite.com/spirit/horoscop/moonsign/moonform.htm
|
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|
en
| 0.954358
| 326
| 1.570313
| 2
|
There is no doubt that, two-wheelers are the most convenient form of transport. Not only is it affordable to all, it also helps you to tackle the traffic on city roads and can be easily driven where four or three wheelers cannot go. Not to forget, Indian automobile market is flooded with motor vehicle manufacturers that are not just Indian companies, but foreign companies as well. People who travel daily to work, prefer two-wheeler because it offers convenience and flexibility of time. However, one can’t ignore the fact that riding a bike/scooter in heavy traffic roads or even on highways involves a paramount risk. Hence, it is important to insure your bike with a proper two wheeler insurance policy, provided by the Reliance General Insurance Company.
A two wheeler insurance policy is a mandatory requirement as per the law of Motor Vehicles Act, 1988. According to this law, a bike should at least be insured with a third-party liability policy. Although there are a number of insurance companies in the market who offer the third-party policy, companies like Reliance General Insurance, provides higher benefits on comprehensive policy, because it provides recommended amount of coverage that a bike should ideally have. Please note that the third-party policy premium is fixed by the IRDAI every year after revision, and hence, it cannot be altered by the insurance provider.
It is known that Reliance is one of the most trusted brands in the market and a potential two wheeler insurance policy buyer should look no further. To know more about reliance General Insurance, read on.
As mentioned in the name, it insures the third-party (either uninsured or underinsured) property and person against any damage caused by the insured be it causing injury or accidental death to the third party or property damage. This policy in a way imposes safety driving by the insured vehicle owner. In this insurer’s policy, the third-party is liable to get settlement amount for either death, permanent disability, or partial disability up to Rs.7.5 lakh depending on the extent of loss suffered by the victim or his/her family.
This policy provides protection for not just the vehicle but the owner and third-party as well. It provides protection for the damages caused due to accident, lightning, terrorist attacks, earthquake, riots, civil protests, theft, etc. Some exclusions of the policy include normal wear and tear, vehicle used for illegal purposes, drunk driving, electrical breakdown, depreciation, driving without a valid license, etc.
Reliance offers zero depreciation cover for two-wheelers which completely eliminates the depreciation factor during claims. The zero depreciation cover can be bought for new bikes or bikes aged up to 2 years. The insurer allows 2 claims per policy year. The benefit of zero-depreciation will be applicable to you, only if the insured vehicle is repaired at any network garage. This add-on cover also provides protection to nylon, rubber, plastic, and fiberglass parts.
If you wish to extend the coverage on comprehensive policy other than nil depreciation, reliance can also customize the add-on cover as per the needs of the policyholder.
|Discount||Claim free years|
|20%||First claim-free year|
|25%||2 claim-free years|
|35%||3 claim-free years|
|45%||4 claim-free years|
|50%||5 claim-free years|
It is a percentage of the claim amount that the policyholder agrees to pay on every claim and the rest is paid by the insurer. If you choose a lower voluntary deductible amount, you will pay a higher premium, and vice versa. However, choosing a higher deductible means that you will be personally bearing the major claim amount which may not always be beneficial to you. The Reliance Insurance VD amount is as follows:
|Discount||Voluntary Deductible (VD)|
|5% on own damage cover premium, up to Rs.50||Rs.500|
|10% on own damage cover premium, up to Rs.75||Rs.750|
|15% on own damage cover premium, up to Rs.125||Rs.1,000|
|20% on own damage cover premium, up to Rs.200||Rs.1,500|
Follow the below process when you want to make a claim on your bike insurance policy:
So if you are considering to buy a two wheeler insurance with maximum benefits and facilities, then you should consider, Reliance General Two Wheeler Insurance. You can buy bike insurance policy from either insurer’s website or from any neutral third-party website.
The content on this website is meant only for general information purpose and does not and shall not be construed as any solicitation, procurement, display, aggregation, marketing or advertisement of insurance products. BankBazaarInsurance is not an insurance intermediary and hence does not endorse or solicit any such products. The information on this website is derived from publicly available sources and BankBazaarInsurance cannot verify or confirm the genuineness, truth, veracity or authenticity of this information.
Display of any trademarks, tradenames, logos and other subject matters of intellectual property belong to their respective intellectual property owners. Display of such IP along with the related product information does not imply BankBazaar's partnership with the owner of the Intellectual Property or issuer/manufacturer of such products.
|
<urn:uuid:73d6ad90-6982-4b1d-aaa9-16e1ec908e8f>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.bankbazaarinsurance.com/two-wheeler-insurance/know-how-reliance-general-two-wheeler-insurance-defends-your-two-wheeler.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00472.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.940994
| 1,111
| 1.734375
| 2
|
lidocaines is a valid word in this word list. For a definition, see the external dictionary links below.
The word "lidocaines" uses 10 letters: A C D E I I L N O S.
Direct anagrams of lidocaines:
Adding one letter to lidocaines does not form any other word in this word list.Words within lidocaines not shown as it has more than seven letters.
Try a search for lidocaines in these online resources (some words may not be found):
Wiktionary - OneLook Dictionaries - Merriam-Webster - Google Search
Each search will normally open in a new window.
All words formed from lidocaines by changing one letter
Browse words starting with lidocaines by next letter
|
<urn:uuid:daf14f88-b6ff-48da-8384-73423f18f596>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-04
|
http://www.morewords.com/word/lidocaines/
|
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|
en
| 0.811197
| 175
| 1.742188
| 2
|
Anyone net savvy already knows that there are plenty of ways to make money online, from taking part in surveys for a spare buck here and there to finding real remote working jobs that pay just as well as a full-time position in an office. But income is only one side of a good financial plan. Diversifying your income is essential and investing allows you to do just that. But how does investing on the internet work and which option is the best for you?
Investing in a brand
Building an online business tackles both the income-building side and the investment side all at once. You can make money here-and-now by building your own website, by becoming a professional blogger, or by offering a service online. What that brand is depends on you. However, as a business or a website gets more profitable, it also gets more valuable. The idea of selling it might seem like a far-off goal well in distance, and it can take a lot of time to get there. But plenty of great investors have sold websites or online businesses to make drastic returns on the minimal investments that online income sources require. You can even treat websites themselves as a product, acquiring domains, and working specifically to improve a site’s value to sell it to other digital entrepreneurs.
Contributing to a digital future
Websites aren’t the only digital commodity that are fast becoming an investment tool. You might have heard of cryptocurrencies in the past and you might have had your doubts, as the majority of us most certainly did. The most prominent amongst them, Bitcoin, has been proving a lot of its skeptics wrong as of late. Prices have been rising again and again, earning early adopters significant amounts of money. The trends show their value only soaring higher is they continue on the same path, so it’s still a good time to purchase Bitcoin online. From there, it’s all about watching the news, seeing how high its value rises and choosing the most strategic time to sell it. There are apps like coinbase that can help you continuously track its value, too.
Learning the ropes
Cryptocurrency might seem just a little cryptic to some, so perhaps you want to focus on investments that seem a little more grounded in reality. That said, trading in stocks, bonds, currencies, gold, and the like can still be a daunting task for someone who has never done it before. That’s why it’s worth considering taking an online course and using tools like the stock market simulator to get a good idea of how the market works. In markets like foreign exchange, you can take a “dry run” on the real market, using fake money on the real markets before you start investing for real.
Most financial advisors agree that if you want to build true wealth, then you need to focus on investing, not just trying to earn more through labor. The methods above should hopefully show you which way to go and help you start really growing that long-term success starting from now.
|
<urn:uuid:341dfe88-8f5e-4dd1-8c96-fcf82e14feda>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.wealthwayonline.com/growing-wealth/onlines-for-investments-not-just-income/
|
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|
en
| 0.968264
| 618
| 1.734375
| 2
|
For homeowners who love statement pieces and are looking for an impactful decor element, exposed ceiling beams can be the right choice. They show the primary structure of the house and frame the entire space, providing depth and perspective.
Exposed ceiling beams have been used in homes since centuries ago when people used resources wisely, and structures like barns and houses were more functional than stylish. Nowadays, leaving the beams exposed is a style choice and fits various architectural eras and influences.
Exposed beams might evoke a rustic look most of the time. However, you can successfully integrate this element into many architectural styles. Depending on the colour palette, the size of the beams, placement, and material, exposed beams can give off ambiences ranging from heavy metal to dainty elegance.
Here are some examples of the different types of styles you can achieve with exposed beams:
- Industrial: Steel or iron beams are an eye-catching detail for an industrial-inspired interior. The look comes together when the beams accompany exposed duct piping or exposed brick.
- Rustic Farmhouse: A style that cannot be missed from our list, a rustic chic look will inevitably get a boost from exposed beams. The best material choices are natural wood, stained wood or reclaimed beams.
- Heritage homes: For period home builders working on restoration projects, such as transforming a farm barn into a modern home, exposed beams are a treasure. They serve as a structural element while offering impactful style details.
- Art Deco: For lovers of Art Deco interiors, exposed beams will give your room an ideal look. The combination of earth, natural elements balanced with feminine shapes, and sophisticated elegance creates a nostalgic retro vibe.
- Ultra-modern: Streamlined, painted, glossy, or metallic beams can contribute to a modern look by creating depth and adding tactile elements to your home design.
What Are Exposed Beams Made Of?
Historically, ceiling beams were made from large logs of wood. They had to support the weight of the house, so they were typically massive, hardwood beams that were left natural, stained, or painted. In more modern eras, metal beams have also been used to withstand harsh temperatures and conditions. Steel is durable, malleable, and flexible enough to serve as a support structure.
Today construction materials have evolved to perform at an excellent standard, are easy to customize in all kinds of designs, and many options are more affordable. Some homeowners want the exposed ceiling beams style but cannot add actual support beams to their homes. For them, faux fibreglass or high-density polyurethane beams are the answer.
Adding Exposed Beams
Exposed ceiling beams are a versatile look that adapts to many different styles of home, particularly for homes with wide spaces and high ceilings. Here at Australian Heritage Homes, we know how to recreate iconic looks and architectural styles such as heritage homes, and our team of experienced home builders will always work with customers to find the best solution for them. Contact us today and let us help you find solutions for adding exposed ceilings to your home!
|
<urn:uuid:e7ffafd0-a200-4790-a603-79ec1600b69b>
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
|
https://www.ahhcustomhomes.com.au/exposed-beams-perfect-statement-piece-ceiling/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00078.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.941846
| 635
| 1.71875
| 2
|
We compare the clinical course of 74 boys 10-18 years of age with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) treated (40) and not treated (34) with deflazacort. Treated boys were able to rise from supine to standing, climb stairs and walk 10 m without aids, 3-5 years longer than boys not treated. After 10 years of age, treated boys had significantly better pulmonary function than boys not treated and after 15 years of age, 8 of 17 boys not treated required nocturnal ventilation compared with none of the 40 treated boys. For boys over 15 years of age, 11 of 17 boys not treated required assistance with feeding compared to none of the treated boys. By 18 years, 30 of 34 boys not treated had a spinal curve greater than 20 degrees compared to 4 of 40 treated boys. By 18 years, 7 of 34 boys not treated had lost 25% or more of their body weight (treated 0 of 40) and 4 of those 7 boys required a gastric feeding tube. By 18 years, 20 of 34 boys not treated had cardiac left ventricular ejection fractions less than 45% compared to 4 of 40 treated boys and 12 of 34 died in their second decade (mean 17.6 +/- 1.7 years) primarily of cardiorespiratory complications. Two of 40 boys treated with deflazacort died at 13 and 18 years of age from cardiac failure. The treated boys were significantly shorter, did not have excessive weight gain and 22 of 40 had asymptomatic cataracts. Long bone fractures occurred in 25% of boys in both the treated and not treated groups. This longer-term study demonstrates that deflazacort has a very significant impact on health, quality of life and health care costs for boys with DMD and their families, and is associated with few side effects.
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16545568/?dopt=Abstract
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Since the beginning of the pandemic in March 2020, the Northwest Arkansas Council has worked to support the community by providing access to COVID-19 testing, contact tracing and navigation, and vaccinations. Since February 2021, the Council and its community partners held over 160 vaccine clinics across the region and given over 66,000 shots.
On behalf of the Northwest Arkansas health care community, we are providing the following information to help inform and educate our region.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recently relaxed mask guidance for communities where hospitals aren’t under high strain, and that includes Benton and Washington counties in Arkansas. The CDC recommends continued mask use in communities where serious cases of COVID-19 are straining the health system.
New cases in Arkansas
New cases in Benton County
New cases in Washington County
Patients in our COVID-19 units
Patients in our hospitals for medical needs other than COVID-19
Ventilators in use supporting patient’s needs
ICU beds in use
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Services for a Changing World
By Leonard Richardson and Mike Amundsen with Foreword by Sam Ruby
What's in this book?
Below is a chapter guide of what you'll find in
RESTful Web APIs
The first four chapters introduce the concepts behind REST, as it applies to web APIs.
- Chapter 1, Surfing the Web
- This chapter explains basic terminology using a RESTful system you're already familiar with: a website.
- Chapter 2, A Simple API
- This chapter translates the lessons of the Web to a programmable API with identical functionality to the website discussed in Chapter 1.
- Chapter 3, Resources and Representations
- Resources are the fundamental concept underlying HTTP, and representations are the fundamental concept underlying REST. This chapter explains how they're related.
- Chapter 4, Hypermedia
- Hypermedia is the missing ingredient that ties representations together into a coherent API. This chapter shows what hypermedia is capable of, mostly using a hypermedia data format you're already familiar with: HTML.
The next four chapters describe different strategies for designing a hypermedia API:
- Chapter 5, Domain-Specific Designs
- The obvious strategy is to design a completely new standard that deals with your exact problem. I use the Maze+XML standard as an example.
- Chapter 6, The Collection Pattern
- One pattern in particular - the collection pattern - shows up over and over again in API design. In this chapter, I show off two different standards that capture this pattern: Collection+JSON and AtomPub.
- Chapter 7, Pure-Hypermedia Designs
- When the collection pattern doesn't fit your requirements, you can convey any representation you want using a general-purpose hypermedia format. This chapter shows how it works using three general hypermedia formats (HTML, HAL, and Siren) as examples. This chapter also introduces HTML microformats and microdata, which lead in to the next chapter.
- Chapter 8, Profiles
- A profile fills in the gaps between a data format (which can be used by many different APIs) and a specific API implementation. The profile format I recommend is ALPS, but I also cover XMDP and JSON-LD.
In this chapter, my advice begins to outstrip the state of the art at the time this book was written. I had to develop the ALPS format for this book, because nothing else would do the job. If you're already familiar with hypermedia-based designs, you might be able to skip up to Chapter 8, but I don't think you should skip past it.
Chapters 9 through 13 cover practical topics like choosing the right hypermedia format and getting the most out of the HTTP protocol.
- Chapter 9, The Design Procedure
- This chapter brings together everything discussed in the book so far, and gives a step-by-step guide to designing a RESTful API.
- Chapter 10, The Hypermedia Zoo
- In an attempt to show what hypermedia is capable of, this chapter discusses about 20 standardized hypermedia data formats, most of them not covered elsewhere in the book.
- Chapter 11, HTTP for APIs
- This chapter gives some best practices for the use of HTTP in API implementations. I also discuss some extensions to HTTP, including the forthcoming HTTP 2.0 protocol.
- Chapter 12, Resource Description and Linked Data
- Linked Data is the Semantic Web community's approach to REST. JSON-LD is arguably the most important Linked Data standard. It's covered briefly in Chapter 8, and I revisit it here. This chapter also covers the RDF data model, and some RDF-based hypermedia formats that I didn't get to in Chapter 10.
- Chapter 13, CoAP: REST for Embedded Systems
- This chapter closes out the core body of the book by covering CoAP, a RESTful protocol that doesn't use HTTP at all.
The back matter contains some handy references, a discussion of Roy Fielding's disseration, and the Glossary of terms.
- Appendix A, The Status Codex
- An extension of Chapter 11, this appendix provides an in-depth look at the 41 standard status codes defined in the HTTP specification, as well as a few useful codes defined as extensions.
- Appendix B, The Header Codex
- Similar to Appendix A, this appendix is also an extension of Chapter 11. It provides a detailed outline of the 46 request and response headers defined in the HTTP specification, as well as a few extensions.
- Appendix C, An API Designer's Guide to the Fielding Dissertation
- This appendix includes an in-depth discussion of the foundational document of REST, in terms of what it means for API design.
- The glossary contains definitions to terms you'll frequently encounter when working with RESTful web APIs. It's a good place to turn for familiarizing yourself with basic concepts or if you need a quick, at-a-glance reminder of a particular concept's definition.
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Identifying Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) as early as possible can have a significant, positive impact on the child's journey to adaptation and independence. Yet too few diagnoses take place at an early, developmentally crucial stage. This unique visual guide aims to equip readers with the skills to recognise ASD in very young children. The book provides a systematic framework for understanding the complex nature of ASD. From social interaction to communication to restricted and repetitive behaviors, each chapter focuses on key symptoms and uses photographs to illustrate and enhance understanding of presenting or absent behaviors. It is written in an accessible style and covers all of the core aspects of ASD, giving readers everything they need to be able to successfully identify the behavioral indicators of autism. A final chapter provides an overview of assessment options for young children being evaluated for possible ASD. Taking a visual approach to identifying ASD in very young children, this book will be a valuable resource for early intervention professionals and students, occupational therapists, speech and language therapists, psychologists, paediatricians, teachers as well as parents of children pre- and post-diagnosis.
Early Identification of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Jessica Kingsley Publishers
A Visual Guide
Education & Reference
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https://www.dymocks.com.au/book/early-identification-of-autism-spectrum-disorders-9780857006837/
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View Full Version : collision detection using shaders
04-02-2006, 04:12 PM
recently few researches in collision detection are addressed using GPU. Govindaraju is a major contributor in this area, but he uses NV_GL_OclussionQuery OpenGL extension for pruning non collide objects. But the NV_GL_OclussionQuery is a little limited, i would like to implement a shader with NV_GL_OclussionQuery functionality and more other functionalities, for instance, to obtain what objects and where are colliding. I would thank if you know any paper or web site talking about this subject.
04-13-2006, 11:12 PM
physics on the GPU would be interesting in the academic sense, though it seems like GPUs are generally too busy doing graphics to deal with collisions, at least in games. The PPU, like AGEIA's PhysX or something similar, would be great as a dedicated processor, but this seems to be catching on slowly (it's tough convincing people to layout yet another bundle for the latest thing). Plus it seems like the API itself would be strained and awkward in this context. I'd love to see something mainstream emerge in this area.
04-16-2006, 04:26 PM
physics on the GPU is not just an "academic thing" it's real, but according to the latest info from Nvidia it's not used on gameplay objects (players world geometry and such) but FX objects (particles, debris and such), and these are mostly cosmetic, but it is a good idea because a gpu is far more powerfull than the cpu (a 3ghz intel has about 6 Gflop and a GF6800 has around 80Gflop).
Regarding AGEIA's PhysX, yes it's a good idea, but what would be a better idea is to put it on the GFX card as an extra feature.
04-17-2006, 05:52 AM
There is no point in putting it on a GFX card. The two most important things required by physics calculations are branching and vector processing and modern day GPUs are inherently vector processors. Both ATI and nVidia have effectively demoed their GPUs being used as physics processors. I think nVidia has even teamed with havok to add support for physics calculations on their GPUs.
As for branching, they are catching up and will soon be very fast to be readily usable in graphics hardware. I think people need good game play rather than fancy physics or even graphics for that matter, but that's a separate discussion altogether :) .
04-17-2006, 08:25 AM
The only problem with physics on gameplay objects is that you actually need the data on the CPU for gameplay decisions, so if you put this on the GPU, you would actually have to upload the data, do the physics computation, download it again, modify the data to reflect game logic decisions, and then finally upload it again to draw it.
Of course, for pure "eye candy" physics where you directly draw the result without ever looking at the result data, that's a different story ;)
Also, the question comes to mind: What do you need a multi-core CPU for when it does nothing than transferring data from one specialised unit to the other?
04-17-2006, 10:35 AM
physics on the GPU is not just an "academic thing" it's real, but according to the latest info from Nvidia it's not used on gameplay objects (players world geometry and such) but FX objects (particles, debris and such), and these are mostly cosmetic, but it is a good idea because a gpu is far more powerfull than the cpu (a 3ghz intel has about 6 Gflop and a GF6800 has around 80Gflop).True, but Yalmar was referring to occlusion queries, so I can only assume he had "real" objects in mind -- though I'm not entirely certain how an occlusion query would do collsions (not really sure I want to).
Regarding AGEIA's PhysX, yes it's a good idea, but what would be a better idea is to put it on the GFX card as an extra feature.I don't see this happening. Although a console-on-a-stick might prove to be interesting, it'll take up too much space, generate too much heat and require too much power, and cost too much; and if you want to replace just the PPU, you have to replace the whole unit.
I'd like to see PCs get much more modular, like stereo systems, slide-in processors that can be chained together and the like.
04-17-2006, 10:38 AM
I think people need good game play rather than fancy physics or even graphics for that matter, but that's a separate discussion altogether :) .I couldn't agree more ;)
04-17-2006, 10:40 AM
Also, the question comes to mind: What do you need a multi-core CPU for when it does nothing than transferring data from one specialised unit to the other?I don't know about you, but I'd love to do some good AI for a change ;)
04-17-2006, 11:05 PM
Well you need Dual core CPUs because on a high quality scene the graphics card can (and does) become the bottleneck, and then you need the CPU for your physics, AI etc. So, if you have the option of doing physics on CPU or the GPU, you could dynamically shift your load depending on which hardware is becoming the bottleneck.
Btw, i have seen a couple of demos doing AI on the GPU, path finding, decision making etc.
Originally posted by yalmar:
...But the NV_GL_OclussionQuery is a little limited, i would like to implement a shader with NV_GL_OclussionQuery functionality and more other functionalities, for instance, to obtain what objects and where are colliding...Is this the "only" extra thing you need?
I would say this could be done, but I cannot tell when it's going to be good.
Check out uberflow, a GPU-accelerated particle system. They have some limited form of intra-particle collision checking. If I remember correctly, they used a unique ID for each particle. In your case, this could be the various colliders.
Unluckly, they didn't have enough processing power to perform a full-scale CD. There's also the problem that actual GPUs hardly allow any kind of evolved structure, often requiring a n^2 search.
Although it's probably out of topic, ATi also has a paper on rendering crowds which is playing with IDs. Also check for this, maybe it'll give you some extra idea.
I would say the communication latency is the problem here. PCIex greatly improved this (I've seen some apps going twice as fast), yet I think you need many thousands colliding objects to pay well. In this case, you'll have to avoid full-scale collisions. Solution seems to be not trivial, at least.
I would say that for non-major colliders (such as walls or floors for example) this could be feasible, especially when running the integrator at a fixed step. For major colliders, a delay of 1/40th of second is unacceptable.
I'm pretty interested in this.
Could you post the various papers you checked out?
I find it very funny: Havok claims dedicated physics processors are not necessary. But then they put their calculations on the GPU to speed things up.
Now the question comes to mind: What do i like better? To buy a 300$ PhysX processor, which i can plug into my existing PC, which i can use in my future PCs and which does not possibly interfere with the graphics, or do i want to buy an additional 600$ SLI graphics card, which is misused to accomplish the same task with reduced speed, only on FX objects (not all objects), which i need to re-buy, when i change my graphics card (again 600 bucks..) and which most certainly produces much more heat and noise than a dedicated processor.
I am not saying everybody should buy the PhysX processor, my point is just about the discussion if dedicated hardware makes sense or not. Some people say "oh, you won't convince people to buy yet another card only for physics", but well, in the end it's more like "you won't convince people to by (yet another) graphics card, if the PPU is cheaper and much better".
Just my 2 cent.
Powered by vBulletin® Version 4.2.3 Copyright © 2016 vBulletin Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Do you believe that you'd talk about those glue-like subprojects and scripts more if they were written in Java? It sounds to me like your core application is written in Java, with supporting roles going to Perl. If that's the case, then the problem is likely more about representing that aspect of your project effectively to management than overcoming a language bias on their part. To management, a single large project with a proper name and associated mental image that can be sketched on a napkin for the marketing department is a far more tangible thing than a nebulous collection of command line tools you have for operating the system under the covers. It's kind of like asking your mechanic how the repairs are coming along only to hear about his method for organizing his tools. That might matter greatly to him, and to be sure it impacts the repair process, but it's not a good answer to the question "Do I have to take the bus again?"
If you feel those aspects deserve greater attention from management, draw up a comprehensive map of how the various components fit together, showing the gaps that must be filled in. At that point you can talk about how important Perl is to the project.
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After receiving American assurances that most of the Israeli concerns, formulated in the 14 submitted points, will be considered in the implementation of the road map plan, the Israeli cabinet approved the plan. Is this a new possible start on diplomatic efforts? What chances does this plan stand? And how significant is this move from the Israeli side?
What is positive?
Different from Oslo, a bilateral agreement sponsored by the American administration, the road map as it stands is an international initiative accepted by both parties. The obligations of the Quartet are different and their role is more direct. The basic idea of monitoring the implementation of the plan by a third party is the most important of all.
A broad definition of the outcome, the light at the end of the tunnel, is included. This factor was completely missing and subject to different interpretations in the Oslo accords. The Israeli Prime Minster’s statement regarding the need to divide the land is more significant coming from the side of a right wing Prime Minster with a long record of unshakable commitment to the ‘greater land of Israel’ ideology.
The lose-lose situation that both sides find themselves in after two and a half years of fighting increases the chance for more serious diplomatic efforts. Stepping out of diplomacy into resuming the fight will be more difficult to both.
The coordinated move of the quartet might mean a different level of international intervention which is essential to overcome the longstanding greed, mistrust, and fears of negotiating parties. The expectations that the international partner will invest efforts in implementing an accepted plan are different from the effort invested by Clinton to help or pressure parties to arrive at an agreement.
Both parties are evidently tired of this conflict. This is reflected in the dramatic shifts showed by public opinion polls. 62% of Israelis support the road map. Support for suicide attacks amongst Palestinians dropped from 80% to less than 50% in a few days. This can be an important factor to overcome the popular hard feelings against the painful concessions that will be required.
What is negative?
Parties and groups opposed to such a concession have grown in numbers and power. Their ability to counterattack has grown considerably.
The geopolitical conditions have changed dramatically. More hard facts are standing against the necessary concessions to arrive to a peaceful settlement.
With the level of destruction that the Palestinian infrastructure was subject to, it will be impossible to bring about short term improvements to improve the life of Palestinians.
There exists no level of good well or trust on either side. Negotiations are expected to be tough, lengthy, and painful. Similar negotiating attitudes have proven to be self destructive. It provides the opponents of diplomacy with more power and influence. When leaders look hesitant and show a great level of mistrust, people not only lose faith in them but in the process as well.
It looks as if this diplomatic process will barely stand a serious military escalation from either side. It will be, as expected, be kept hostage to the acts and initiatives of the many sides who would love to bring it to an end.
To conclude, the road map is setting the region at a crossroads. The risk is as high as the potential created.
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https://imemc.org/article/12245/
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Justice George McCann was born in Elmira, Chemung County, on June 23, 1864. He attended the public schools and the Elmira Free Academy. He received both his undergraduate (1886) and law degrees (1888) from Cornell University. He was admitted to the Bar in 1888 at Syracuse. He began practicing in Elmira with Rockwell, McDowell & McCann. From 1894 to 1902, he was a member of the Elmira Board of Education; for two years he held the title of president of the Board. From 1903 to 1914, he was County Judge and Surrogate of Chemung County. He was elected a Supreme Court Justice in 1913. He was designated to the Appellate Division in 1923 (to succeed Justice Kiley) and served on the Court for six years. Justice McCann's father was a prominent Chemung County farmer. Justice McCann died in 1933. Justice McCann was very involved in Elmira civic affairs.
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Car hire Malaga
The subtropical climate, the topography of Nerja and its location in a small bay on the Mediterranean coast, makes it considered one of the best climates in Europe. The average temperatures are pleasant throughout the year, with an annual average of 19.5 ºC and 300 days of sunshine a year. The months of November and January are usually the wettest and June, July and August the driest.
Book with Marbesol
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12 Women You Should Know
By Sofia Furtado
From the Renaissance to our day, here is a list of twelve women that you might have already heard of, but nonetheless should know. As the feminist movement advances, promoting universal rights with regards to equal pay, reproductive justice, objectification, and dismantling hurtful gender stereotypes, it becomes more and more important that we remember and acknowledge, not only the accomplishments of feminism as a political movement and literary theory, but also the women that took, and are still taking, part in social change and improving the lives in their communities. That we remember the faces and voices of those who stand out not only for their talent and artistic merit, but also for the courage and resilience they displayed, and the lives they lived.
Artemisia Gentileschi (1593-c. 1652)
Born in Rome, Italy, on July 8, Gentileschi is often considered one of the most accomplished female painters of the Baroque era. She developed her artistic skills with the help of her father Orazio, a successful painter himself, creating and thriving in what was at the time a male-dominated area. At the age of 18, Artemisia was raped by one of her father’s colleagues, Agostino Tassi. The public nature of the trial proved very damaging to Gentileschi’s reputation and resulted in Tassi being released, and Artemisia being tortured as a means of verifying the truthfulness of her accusations.
After the traumatic event, most of the artist’s paintings started focusing on female protagonists from the Bible or the Greek Mythology, such as “Cleopatra” and “Minerva”. Her famous painting Judith Slaying Holofernes (on the left) depicts Judith slicing the throat of Assyrian general Holofernes with the help of her maidservant, in order to save the Jewish people. Judith’s story is depicted in many other paintings following this one, usually characterized by a skilful use of light and shadow to convey a sense of danger and dramatism. Artemisia enjoyed the patronage of several important families in Florence as well as commissions from King Philip IV of Spain and Queen Henrietta Maria of England. She also befriended many intellectuals of her time, including the famous Renaissance genius Galileo. Artemisia continued to paint for the rest of her days, and died in Naples around 1652. Her life and artwork are still an inspiration today, as we observe how her talent and perseverance allowed her to transcend the constraints and prejudices of her time. As Artemisia has said herself, “You will find the spirit of Caesar in this soul of a woman.”
Josephine Baker (1906-1975)
Josephine was born in Missouri, United States. Both her parents were performers whose unstable careers forced Baker to start working at the age of 8, babysitting for wealthy families and even dancing in the streets for the people passing by. At 15, she joined an African American theatre troupe, but it was only with her participation as a dancer in Vaudeville shows that her popularity started to grow. She decided then to move to New York. There, she actively engaged in the Harlem Renaissance movement, promoting the celebration of Black life and culture. Her “distinct dancing style and unique costumes”, incorporating African themes and styles, would later mark her presence in France, where she became widely popular and one of the highest-paid performers in Europe after her show La Folie du Jour (on the right), in which she danced with a skirt made of 16 bananas.
After the eruption of World War II, Baker joined the Red Cross and worked as a spy for the French resistance, transporting confidential information she heard, written with invisible ink on music sheets, while performing for the enemy. When she returned home, however, Baker faced great hostility and segregation and decided to return to France. There, she married industrialist Jean Lion and obtained a French citizenship. She returned multiple times to the United States during the 1950s, actively lending her support to the Civil Rights Movement. During this period of time, she also adopted 13 children from around the world, and called her family “the rainbow tribe”, and an “experiment in brotherhood”, in an effort to demonstrate how cultural and racial harmony could be possible. Baker died just two days after her last performance in 1975, at the age of 68. Her funeral counted with more than 20,000 people, lining in the streets of Paris to witness the procession. The service also included a 21-gun salute, which made Baker the first woman in America to receive French military honours.
Dorothy Height (1912-2010)
Dorothy was born on March 24, in Richmond Virginia. An excellent student during high-school, Height soon proved to be a talented orator, actively engaging in anti-lynching campaigns. She eventually received a scholarship to attend college; however, although she was admitted to Barnard College, she was unable to attend any classes as the school told her their quota for Black students had already been met. She went to New York University instead, receiving a bachelor’s in education and a master’s in psychology. After her first job as a social worker in Harlem, she joined the Harlem Young Women’s Christian Association, of which she soon became the leader, creating diverse programs and pushing the organization to integrate YWCA’s facilities nationwide. Inspired by African American leader Mary Bethune, she began working with the National Council of Negro Women, focusing on putting an end to the lynching of African Americans and restructuring the criminal justice system. In 1957, she became the president of the organization, and during her 40 years of leadership, Height sought to promote voter registration in the South, and provided financial support to civil rights activists around the country. Dorothy soon became an important figure in the Civil Rights Movement, and many political figures, such as Eleanor Roosevelt and Lyndon B. Johnson, often called for her counsel. In 1963, Height along with other activists organized the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. She stood close to Martin Luther King during his famous “I Have a Dream” speech and, with the help of Anna Hedgeman, managed to convince the other organizers to include a woman orator in the program, gaining her place among the other speakers. In 1971, she was one of the co-founders of the National Women’s Political Caucus, along with Gloria Steinem, Betty Friedan and Shirley Chisholm. Height also travelled extensively, serving as a visiting professor at the University of Delhi, India, and the Black Women’s Federation of South Africa. Her contributions to the Civil Rights Movement has been recognized by many institutions, having Dorothy been awarded with 24 honorary degrees, a Citizens Medal from President Ronald Reagan and the Congressional Gold Medal. Dorothy died at the age of 98, in Washington.
Betty Friedan (1921-2006)
Friedan was born on February 4 in Peoria, Illinois, the oldest of three children to a Russian immigrant jeweller and a Hungarian immigrant journalist. In 1942, she graduated in Psychology with the highest honours and spent a year training as a psychologist at the University of California Berkeley. After the eruption of World War II, Friedan became involved in a number of political causes and left the graduate program to work as reporter for the Federate Press in New York. She then became a writer for the UE News and a number of other newspapers. Her politics gradually moved towards the left as she became more involved with various labour and union issues, as well as women’s rights, arguing for workplace rights for women. In 1947, Friedan married Carl, an aspiring theatre producer, with whom she had 3 children. The couple moved to suburban Rockland County where Betty became a house-wife, working as a freelance writer for women’s magazines to supplement the family’s income. She would later spend her next 5 years doing interviews around the country, giving particular attention to the white middle class woman and the impact of post-war social and economic crisis on her lifestyle. In 1963, The Feminine Mystique was published and immediately became a best-seller, as well as one of the most influential books of the twentieth century. Transforming public awareness, the book placed many women into the vanguard of the women’s movement, with Friedan as its early leader. In 1966, she founded the National Organization for Women, demanding equal employment opportunities and encouraging women to participate “in the mainstream of American Society”, which would only be possible through the exercise of “all the privileges and responsibilities (…) in truly equal partnership with men”. She also helped found the National Association for the Repeal of Abortion Laws and organised the Women’s Strike for Equality in 1970, promoting the change of outdated laws regarding hiring practices, gender pay and pregnancy discrimination. However, as more diverse and radical voices emerged within the women’s movement, Friedan started being criticised for focusing primarily on white middle-class and heterosexual woman, and for discriminating lesbian women in the movement, as well as for her willingness to cooperate with men. Although her mainstream ties eventually alienated her from younger and more visionary feminists, Friedan nevertheless retained her relevance as an advocate for women’s rights, being often seen as the “mother” of the modern women’s movement.
Nadine Gordimer (1923-2014)
Nadine Gordimer was born in Springs, Transvaal, South Africa. She was educated at a convent school and spent a year at Witwaterstrand University. She published her first short story at the age of 15 in a local magazine, and in 1951, The New Yorker took one of her short stories. She also travelled extensively, writing non-fiction on South African subjects and exploring the moral and psychological effects of apartheid on their lives. She also made TV documentaries, writing scripts for 1989 BBC film Frontiers and for four screenplays based on her own short stories. Nadine’s novels often deal with her own life experiences, but also interracial love affairs, master-servant relations, post-apartheid South Africa and forced emigration. Her novel Burger’s Daughter deals with several political themes, more particularly the anti-apartheid struggle, and was banned in South Africa, along with other books she wrote. Gordimer received several honorary degrees from universities in the United States, Belgium, South African and the United Kingdom. She was a founder of the Congress of South African Writers and, in 1991, she was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.
Sylvia Plath (1932-1963)
Born on October 27, in Boston, Sylvia Plath expressed an early interest in writing and started out by keeping a journal. She published her first poem at the age of 8, and her first short story was sold to a magazine when she was still in high-school. At the age of 18, Plath had already published a number of works, and in 1950 she won a scholarship to Smith College. She also worked for Mademoiselle magazine as a guest editor in 1953.
Although she was achieving significant academic and artistic success at the time, Plath was also suffering from severe depression, and ended up attempting suicide, by inducing an overdose with sleeping pills. She eventually recovered, after receiving treatment in a mental health facility, and continued her studies, finishing her degree with the highest honours in 1955. She then went to Newnham College in Cambridge, where she met poet Ted Hughes, whom she married in 1956. Plath also taught English at Smith College around that time, returning to England in 1959. In 1960, she published her first poetry collection The Colossus, and had her first child. However, after their second child two years later, their marriage fell apart as Hughes left Plath for another woman. Sylvia fell into a deep depression once again, and it is during that period of time that she wrote her only novel The Bell Jar, published in 1963 under the pseudonym Victoria Lucas. The book describes the mental breakdown of a college girl and includes several autobiographical references to Plath’s own struggle with mental health and consequent hospitalisation ten years prior. She also wrote Ariel, a collection of poems that would be edited posthumously by Hughes and published in 1965. The book represented a shift in Plath’s style. Written in a confessional style, it depicts the feelings of anxiety and doubt that tormented the author during the last years of her life, which led to her suicide in 1963. Many collections of poetry and short stories, as well as her journals and letters, were published after that, compiled by Hughes who became Plath’s literary executor after her death. The interest in Plath’s work continued to grow throughout the twentieth century, and in 1982 she became the first person to win a posthumous Pulitzer Prize.
Ruby Bridges (1954-)
Ruby Bridges was born the oldest of five children to two farmers in Tylertown, Mississippi. When she was four, the family moved to New Orleans, searching for better job opportunities. Although her birth year coincided with the U.S. Supreme Court’s Brown v. Board of Education, which ordered the abolition of racial segregation in public schools, many southern states continued to resist integration six years later, and Ruby was forced to attend a segregated kindergarten. Only in 1960, a federal court ordered Louisiana to desegregate and the school district implemented entrance exams for African American students to evaluate if they had the academic ability to attend an all-white school. The tests were particularly difficult, so that children struggled to pass, and New Orleans schools were able to remain segregated for longer. Nevertheless, Ruby passed the exam and although her father, fearing for his daughter’s safety, was hesitant about letting her attend an all-white elementary school, her mother wanted her to have the educational opportunities others before her had been denied. Thus, Ruby and her mother were escorted by four federal marshals to the school every day that year, threatened by crowds of angry white parents screaming insults and throwing objects at Ruby. One time, she was met with a woman holding a black baby doll in a coffin. Segregationist parents threatened to withdraw their children from school and only one teacher, Barbara Henry, was willing to teach Ruby. Moreover, she was forced to remain in the classroom for the entirety of her school days, and couldn’t interact with her school peers. Other members of the Bridges family were also impacted: Ruby’s parent’s both lost their jobs, and the grocery store that the family used to shop at refused to sell to them. Even her grandparents were evicted and forced to move from the farm where they had lived in for 25 years. In time, however, other African -American students enrolled, and Ruby finally graduated from the desegregated high-school Francis T. Nicholls High School in New Orleans. She then studied tourism at the Kansas City business school and worked for American Express as a world travel agent for the next 15 years. In 1993, her brother died, shot on the street in New Orleans, and, for a period of time, Ruby took care of his two daughters. It was also around this time that Robert Coles, a child psychiatrist who had supported Ruby and her family during her time at William Frantz elementary school, published his book The Story of Ruby Bridges, which Ruby helped to promote, talking at several schools across the United States. In the 1990s, she also reunited with her first teacher Barbara Henry, and together they organized various speaking events. Later on, Bridges would write two books about her early experiences, receiving the Woodson Book Award, and created The Ruby Bridges Foundation in 1999, consolidating her career as a racial equality activist. A year later, she was made honorary Deputy Marshal in Washington, DC.
Sandra Cisneros (1954-)
Cisneros was born on December 20 in Chicago, Illinois, the only girl in seven children of two Mexican parents. She expressed her passion for writing from an early age and, after a writing class she took in her third year of university, Cisneros decided to continue to study writing, graduating in 1976 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in English. Two years later, she graduated with a Master of Fine Arts degree in Creative Writing from the University of Iowa and, returning to Chicago, became a teacher at the Latino Youth Alternative High-School, teaching students who dropped out of school. Later on, she worked at universities in California, Michigan and New Mexico.
Cisneros has published several poetry books, such as Bad Boys, My Wicked Wicked Ways and Loose Woman. She has also published the novels Caramelo, awarded with the Premio Napoli in 2005, and The House on Mango Street, which has sold over six million copies and is now required reading in many schools across the country. Caramelo has also been selected as an important book of the year by The New York Times, The Seattle Times, the San Francisco Chronicle, and many other newspapers, and was nominated to the Women’s Prize for Fiction. She has published a collection of short-stories as well, Woman Hollering Creek and Other Stories, which was nominated as the Best Book of Fiction of 1991 by the Los Angeles Times. Her first children’s book Hairs/Pelitos was published in 1994, and is written in both Spanish and English. In an interview with The New York Times, she has stated: “I’m a translator. I’m an amphibian. I can travel in both worlds. What I’m saying is very important for the Latino community, but it is also important for the white community to hear. What I’m saying in my writing is that we can be Latino and still be American.” Her writings often focus on issues of race, class and multiculturality, built through descriptions of a Latino-American identity. Cisneros also earned many scholarships and honours from different universities and institutions, such as the National Endowment for Arts in 1981 and 1988. Similarly, she helped organise the Latino MacArthur Fellows, Los MacArturos – “a caucus of Latino awardees united in community service”, as she has described it. All members of the group have won MacArthur fellowships and work together to make a positive impact in their communities. Cisneros’ work in her community continued with the creation of the Macondo Foundation and the Alfredo Cisneros Del Moral foundation for writers. She currently lives in Mexico with her three chihuahuas, Luz de Mi Vida, Osvaldo Amor, and Nahui Ollin, and a Texan mestiza dog, la Cacahuata.
Patience Agbabi (1965-)
Agbabi was born in London to Nigerian parents, and spent her teenage years fostered in a white English family in North Wales. After her studies at Oxford University, she completed a master’s in Creative Writing at Sussex University and, since then, has appeared at numerous venues and key literary festivals in the UK and abroad, as a poet, performer and workshop facilitator. She is one of the founding members of FO(U)R WOMEN, a polyvocal performance piece, and a member of Atomic Lip, considered poetry’s first pop group. Mixing rap with a more traditional poetic style, Agbabi often describes her work as the product of what she likes to call her “bicultural” upbringing, reflecting “a shifting sense of cultural identity – across gender, race and especially sexuality.” She published her first collection of poetry R.A.W. in 1995, for which she won the Excelle Literary Award. The work emphasizes the divide between performance, Agbabi’s primary communicational method, and written word, with the visual structure of the poem as a means of conveying meaning. In 2000, she issued Transformatrix, “a documentary on late twentieth-century Britain and a celebration of poetic form”. She was the poet-in-residence at various institutions, such as Eton College, Oxford Brookes University, and ‘Flamin’ Eight’ tattoo parlour, where she delivered a range of poetry writing/ performance workshops. She also taught Creative Writing at various public schools, from 2002 to 2005, and in 2004 she was elected one of the UK’s Next Generation Poets. Her creative use and reshaping of classical poetic forms, complemented by a political and social critique based on conceptions of intersectional identity categories, destabilises, according to Manuela Coppola, “normative gay, lesbian, black, men’s and women’s identities”. Thus, Patience Agbabi is often considered one of the most dynamic and revolutionary poets (and performers) of our time, as her work seems to symbolise and embody the fluidity and complexity of contemporary human experience.
Maria Teresa Kumar (1974-)
“I came to America as a child because my family deeply believed in America and her possibility. I still do, knowing that her possibility can’t be realized until we provide real equity and opportunity for the most marginalized among us. That is my work. That is my life.”
Maria Teresa Kumar was born in Bogota, Colombia, but moved to California when she was very young. Her passion for political activism and advocacy for the Latino community appeared early on, at the age of 12, after experiencing first-hand the political activity in the capital during a class trip to Washington. She studied International Relations in the University of California and started working as legislative aide for California congressman and Democratic Caucus Chair Vic Fazio, in the House of Representatives, soon after graduating. She then decided to continue her studies, obtaining a master’s in public policy at Harvard University. In 2004, Kumar co-founded a political organization called Voto Latino, designed to “encourage and empower young Latino voters and advocate for inclusive political participation”. Since then, it has raised $75 million and registered more than 600,000 new voters, using media and technology to create “innovative digital campaigns and programming to increase voter registration and civic engagement in Latinx communities”. Voto Latino is now a founding partner of National Voter Registration Day, the largest one-day campaign for voter registration, and, in 2010, partnered with the U.S. Census Bureau, emphasising participation in the census as a means of ensuring adequate distribution of government funds to education, healthcare and infrastructures in Latino communities. She has been on MSNBC, Meet the Press, NBC nightly News and many other news programs, reporting news stories on topics such as child internment camps at the border, gun violence, access to fair pay, healthcare and educational opportunities. Her contribution to “Beyond Borderlines”, the first televised townhall discussing the role in the Latino community in US society and politics, has earned her an Emmy nomination for Outstanding News Discussion and Analysis and, in 2014, she launched the VL Innovators challenge which granted up to 500,000 dollars to technological projects that proposed innovative ways of helping the Latino community. She is currently living in Washington D.C. with her husband and two children, working on the boards of the Latino Leaders Network, Planned Parenthood Federation of America, and EMILY’s list, an American political action committee that aims to help elect to office female candidates in favour of abortion rights.
Nafeesa Hamid is a British Pakistani poet, playwright and workshop facilitator based in Birmingham. She has been writing and performing for 6 years at nights around the UK, featuring at Outspoken (London), Poetry is Dead Good (Nottingham), Find the Right Words (Leicester) and Hit The Ode (Birmingham). Nafeesa has also performed at Cheltenham and Manchester Literature Festivals as part of “The Things I Would Tell You: British Muslim Women Write”, a recent anthology publication by Saqi Books, edited by Sabrina Mahfouz. In 2016, she was invited to perform at TEDx Brum 2016 (Power of us) and, in 2018, she published her first poetry anthology Besharam, which explores, amongst other themes, the author’s complicated relationship with her body and being a woman, as she struggles to embody ideals of two conflicting cultures. As Kevin Jackson has put it, “[w]hether about sex, virginity, or health care, Nafeesa’s poetry strides straight up to you, tells it “like it is”, demands we think more bravely about the realities of life, what it means to be British Pakistani, to grow through trauma, to be Woman in cultures where men largely seek to commodify and colonise women.” She is an alumni of Mouthy Poets Collective (Nottingham), Hippodrome Young Poets (B’ham) and Derby Theatre Graduate Associates (Derby); and runs Twisted Tongues, an open-mic only poetry night at The Station in Kings Heath. Nafeesa has also performed internationally, as a BBC Edinburgh Fringe Slam finalist (2018). She is the co-founder of Gully Collective / Gully Zine, which aims to bring together and showcase South Asian artists from Brum and beyond. Nafeesa’s work is as powerful as it is relevant, giving the reader/viewer a unique and refreshing perspective on the problems of our contemporaneity. Her words are not just an inspirational reminder, but the testimonies of a survivor, exposing social flaws yet to be fixed.
Gina Martin is a British activist, author and law-changer, being most known for her contribution on making upskirting a sexual offense in England. After being a victim of upskirting herself at a musical festival in London, in 2017, and realizing there was no law to protect her, Martin decided to launch the campaign #StopSkirtingTheIssue, to raise awareness on the topic. After gathering more than 110,000 signatures in her petition, she started working with lawyer Ryan Whelan to turn her project into actual legislation. In the House of Commons, she faced the opposition of Conservative MP Christopher Chope. However, after two years of determination, Martin managed to get the support of then-Prime Minister Theresa May, and on April 12, 2019, the upskirting law was approved. Since then, four men have been jailed and 16 men have been convicted of the crime, some of them with an historic of sexual harassment and abuse towards children. In her book Be the Change, Gina narrates her experience building the campaign and the challenges she faced throughout the process. She has also featured on TEDxWarwick event and an episode of History Becomes Her, a podcast that “speak[s] to women making change now about the women of the past who paved the way for them.”
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A study was conducted in rabbit eyes to compare flap adhesion strength of LASIK flaps created with different techniques and technology. The results indicate that significantly greater force is needed to dehisce flaps created with a 150-kHz femtosecond laser (IntraLase, Advanced Medical Optics) versus a mechanical microkeratome. Femtosecond laser-created flaps with a 150° side-cut design adhere more strongly relative to those with a 70° side-cut design.
Chicago-The strength of LASIK flap adhesion varies depending on whether the flap creation procedure is performed with a mechanical microkeratome or a femtosecond laser. When using the femtosecond laser, side-cut design, but not side-cut energy, is a factor as well, reported Michael Knorz, MD, at the annual meeting of the American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery.
Dr. Knorz, professor of ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Germany, presented the results of a study he conducted to investigate adherence of flaps created using different techniques. A total of 17 New Zealand white rabbits were allocated into four groups to undergo flap creation with a mechanical microkeratome (Amadeus II, Advanced Medical Optics) or a 150-kHz femtosecond laser (IntraLase, Advanced Medical Optics) using a 70° side-cut design and a standard, 0.8-μJ, side-cut energy; a 70° side-cut design with a 1.6-μJ side-cut energy; or an inverted, 150° side-cut design with a 0.8-μJ side-cut energy.
For all femtosecond laser groups, the strength of flap adhesion was about 2.5 times greater compared with that for the mechanical microkeratome-created flaps. Comparing the two femtosecond laser groups with the 70° side cuts showed side-cut energy had no effect on flap adhesion. The flap adhesion of the inverted side-cut configuration, however, was about 1.5 times stronger than the standard, 70° side cut.
"Research by John Marshall, PhD, indicates that increasing the side-cut angle to an inverted design causes relatively less weakening of the cornea, and so it is preferable from a biomechanical perspective," he continued. "Our study shows it also has an effect to strengthen the healing."
In the study undertaken by Dr. Knorz, all flaps were allowed to heal for 75 days. Then, the epithelium was removed with a hockey knife, and an acrylic lens was glued to the flap with cyanoacrylate. Using a tension meter, the flap was dehisced, and the force needed for lifting was measured.
"We did not open the side cut first because our interest was really in seeing how much force was needed to cause the flap to dehisce," explained Dr. Knorz.
The mean force needed to dehisce the flaps created with the mechanical microkeratome was 210 g. The mean force needed to dehisce the femtosecond laser-created flaps with the 70° side cut was 492 g when using the 0.8-μJ side-cut energy and 444 g for flaps created with the 1.6-μJ side-cut energy. The latter two values were not significantly different from each other, but each was significantly greater than the flap adhesion strength of the mechanical microkeratome-created flaps.
Flaps created with the inverted side cut required an average force of 687 g for dehiscence, which was significantly greater when compared with the three other study groups.
Dr. Knorz postulated that the greater adherence of flaps created with the femtosecond laser compared with the mechanical microkeratome might be related primarily to edge geometry and its effect on healing. Compared with the mechanical microkeratome that creates a very shallow entry cut, the femtosecond laser flaps feature an almost vertical geometry that may heal more strongly because of a larger surface area. Relative to the standard 70° cut, flaps with the inverted side-cut design have an even larger wound area because the anterior stromal lamellae overlap the flap. Therefore, this side-cut design might benefit from even stronger healing.
A contribution of inflammation induced by the femtosecond laser procedure that, in turn, might promote stronger healing cannot be ruled out. A role of inflammation, however, is unclear considering that use of a higher side-cut energy, which would be expected to cause more inflammation, did not significantly affect flap adherence strength in the present study.
Dr. Knorz noted that further studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and might include investigation of adherence of flaps created with another femtosecond laser (Femto LDV, Ziemer), which creates flaps with a 20° side-cut angle.
"I would suspect these flaps would not exhibit stronger healing compared with a mechanical microkeratome flap, but that hypothesis remains to be verified," he said.
In a response to a question from the audience about the downside of stronger flap adherence being greater difficulty in performing a re-lifting procedure, Dr. Knorz acknowledged that the trade-off is a possibility.
"However, I would rather face this situation in the small minority of patients who need to undergo an enhancement rather than risk destabilizing the cornea in the remaining majority of eyes," he said.
Dr. Knorz received a "Best Paper of Session" award for his presentation.
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|Headache Free Blueprint|
Do You Have the Hidden Trigger for Chronic Headaches?
Find out once and for all if your headaches will respond to a natural approach. Don't you want to know if you have this hidden trigger?
|FREE eBook Beyond Relief...Prevention|
Is this familiar?
You have a family history of migraine or tension headaches and developed them as a teenager or young adult after a trauma or period of stress. You try OTC (over the counter) medications and/or go to the doctor. The diagnosis is migraines and/or tension headaches and medication is prescribed. For a while you are able to manage them because they occur infrequently.
'Life happens' and you start to notice that your headaches are more often and then more severe.
You start to take more and more medications to get relief and at some point you suspect they are causing rebound headaches.
The more headaches you have, the more medications you take, the more stress you feel.
Meanwhile you are unaware that the often hidden tension in your neck and head makes everything worse because all the doctors and the literature say migraines are vascular and have nothing to do with muscles. Now what?
Are you like many people with chronic headaches on a perpetual hunt for alternative ways to get rid of them? Are you like most of these chronic sufferers who started having headaches periodically and over time they become more frequent and more intense despite trying many medications? Read on, you are not alone.
Why do headaches start happening more often?
Generally, headaches should not occur more than once a month. If they are more frequent than that, there is an underlying problem that should be addressed - a problem that you and your doctors may be overlooking or minimizing. And until you address this problem, your headaches will likely continue and even get worse.
This problem? It's muscle tension.That's right, muscle tension. But, doesn't everyone have some muscle tension? And the answer is yes, but people who are genetically inclined to have migraines and those who for whatever reason have abnormally high levels of muscle tension are more severely affected.
Muscle tension makes you more vulnerable to both tension headaches and migraine headaches and can actually trigger them both. If you don't get rid of this tension triggering your migraines – just like any other problem in life - they will come back. Habit patterns and shortened muscle fibers keep you locked in to chronically holding tension in your muscles.
There are no painkillers or any other medications available that have any affect on chronically tense muscles.
While the latest migraine medications do help once a migraine starts (for a while) they do nothing to change tension producting habits or lengthen the shortened muscle fibers. This even applies to migraines, a migraine that occurs more than once a month often has been triggered by underlying tension.
How to Eliminate Chronic Headaches
It is essential that you learn how to reduce muscle tension and allow your muscles to heal so they can function normally without abnormal tension.
It is essential to effectively deal with the stress that keeps your body in the 'red zone', fueling the muscle tension which makes you more vulnerable to headaches.
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This morning, crews contracted by the City of Thousand Oaks began removal of the tree at the corner of Westlake Blvd. and Triunfo Caynon Road. (See article at https://westlakerevelations.com/2011/10/12/triunfowestlake-corner-tree-removal-tomorrow).
The first steps in removing a tree like this are to remove some of the smaller branches and foliage. Early in the process, the crew needed to change to different types of saws, and came down out of the tree. The major cutting had not yet begun.
At that moment, the south side of the tree came crashing down — an estimated 10,000 pounds of oak. There was no doubt left in anyone’s mind why the City needed to move so quickly — that collapse could easily have happened with a car, school bus, or pedestrians underneath it. The tree failed at the exact point predicted in the latest arborist report near a “wound” 31 feet up in the tree. No one was hurt in the collapse, as the City had cleared the street to remove the tree.
The City of Thousand Oaks has put up a dedication page for the tree at http://toaks.org/government/depts/public_works/triunfo_oak.asp . On this page is a photo gallery with some historic photos showing the tree before the area was developed, and over time. Residents who have pictures of the tree are encouraged to send them to the City to include in the dedication page. The arborist report is also available on this page.
Plans and investigations are already well underway for what will go in place of the historic oak. Those with suggestions are encouraged to contact the City of Thousand Oaks at firstname.lastname@example.org
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Anthropology is an inherently interdisciplinary field. We draw from evolutionary theory, feminist theory, critical race theory, we compare within and between primates, we even manage to work with the occasional rodent or suid species. There are anthropologists who make models, anthropologists who theorize, anthropologists in the field and the lab, anthropologists who study those long dead, recently dead, living and even those not yet alive. You can find us in anthropology departments, sure, but you can also find us in biology, sociology, psychology, community health and education departments; in businesses, hospitals, museums, zoos, and non-profits, and countless other places I’m forgetting.
So it’s interesting to me that within anthropology we have four fields: biological, cultural, and linguistic anthropology, and archaeology. Then within those four fields we have further subfields: within bio we have human biology, primatology, paleoecology, morphology, genetics to name a few, and even within those are sub-sub-fields. Some of the subfields collaborate, and some never read each other. Part of the reason I was so excited to collaborate with Katie Hinde and Julienne Rutherford on Building Babies was that I would get more of a chance to read the non-human primate literature, something we human biologists are sometimes known to ignore more than is good for us.
Then there’s biocultural anthropology. Biocultural anthropology is not actually that new, and there are some truly excellent practitioners. But more recently there has been a spate of work in anthropology claiming to take a “biocultural approach” that does not appear to be derived from these folks. I had the chance recently to chat with some colleagues about recent work on the biocultural approach, and found I was not the only one stymied, perhaps even frustrated, by this work.
Some work that claims to be biocultural doesn’t really appear to be biological, nor is it cultural, because it is atheoretical and happens to use biological and cultural methods. Some of it leans in some sort of theoretical direction, but then the methods are inscrutable.
How is it that a field that is so good at being interdisciplinary cannot do a good job interdisciplinary-ing itself?
What Does It Mean to Be Interdisciplinary?
A few of these venting sessions with colleagues just happened to be followed by a talk by Dr. Liam Heneghan, co-director of the DePaul Institute for Nature and Culture, environmental science professor, and philosophy PhD student (also, a blogger!). Heneghan’s talk was sponsored by the University of Illinois Institute for Genomic Biology, where some of us are trying to be all interdisciplinary ourselves. The talk was titled: “Interdisciplinarity: is it necessary, possible, or useful – a discussion.” In addition to several interesting books that I am going to have to dig through this summer, Heneghan offered a very hopeful picture for interdisciplinarity. Here are a few of my takeaways, as applied to the problem of the biocultural approach.
Being interdisciplinary isn’t the same as being a little good at everything, consistent with the saying “jack of all trades, master of none.” Heneghan analyzed the footnotes of one of the most popular interdisciplinary works, The Ecological Thought by Timothy Morton, and found it represents typical biodiversity quite well: the strongest influences by a few fields with, as he says, “a trailing edge of rarer species.” At least one model of being interdisciplinary, then, is to be very good in one field, pretty good in a few more, and then conversant across others. Some of the work I’ve been reading never masters that first field. And so there is something less than ideal in how we are training our students.
Students who want to become good biocultural anthropologists must first become experts in biological or cultural anthropology. Scholars need a base from which to reach out to other disciplines. If you are not thoroughly trained as one or the other, you will have a lot of trouble bridging them, or using your critical thinking skills to help ease you into a new field. This also suggests being thoughtful about undergraduate and graduate curriculum: while initial coursework should make someone an expert in their first field, learning a mixed methods approach for research probably wouldn’t hurt.
We also need to identify the essential reading for biocultural anthropology. What is the canon? What do biological anthropologists need to read to become conversant in cultural anthro? What do cultural anthropologists need to read to become conversant in bio anthro? I can probably identify most of the biological readings, but certainly not the cultural, and hope my readers do.
Next, identify the core questions that a biocultural approach can tackle better than any other. If a bio or cultural approach would satisfy the question, but you are tacking on the other field because it seems sexy, your grant proposal or manuscript submission is unlikely to make it through. But if you can recognize a problem that only this approach can solve you will be able to better develop the theory.
Finally, be ambitious. When I suggest we should make sure students and junior colleagues develop high competency in one discipline first and then thoroughly read one if not several others, I am not trying to deter people away from a biocultural approach. It’s just that the field will be better served by rigorous, developed, thoughtful research. Be ambitious in your projects, your goals, your research trajectories, and encourage ambition in those you mentor. But the lesson I have learned the hard way over and over is that ambition, excitement yet not thorough training will get you burned. I want my students, and any other budding biocultural anthropologists, to be kicking my ass in five to ten years because they know the literature and methods better than me.
What am I missing? Am I being too hard on the field? What biocultural curricula are you a part of, and what is or isn’t working? This is really just the most preliminary version of my thoughts on this, and so I welcome your comments.
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Yoga exercises play an excellent role in boosting up your fitness levels. Yoga poses are basically a kind of free hand exercises that keeps you fit in a natural way. There are several poses which are very easy to perform and they effectively increase the fitness level in human body. Today we are going to share few of these poses which are superb for boosting up fitness level in your body. Read the topic and follow each of the steps of the poses to perform them perfectly. Perform them regularly and you will see the difference in just few weeks.
Here Are 5 Yoga Exercises To Boost Your Fitness Levels
Tree pose is one of the important pose which effectively increases fitness of your body. Basically it makes the leg muscles powerful and keeps you fit in an effective way. First stand on both of your feet like mountain pose and then lift one leg from the ground. Place the feet in the groin area of the other leg. Keep the body balance. Now stretch both of your hands and then fold both the hands at the elbows. Keep both the palms joined. Hold the pose for 10-15 seconds and repeat it.
Bow pose effectively increases the fitness of your body which keeps you fit. It also reduces the belly fat thus you look slim. First lie on the ground facing to the floor. Stretch both of your legs and keep your arms beside your body keeping the palms down side. Now uplift both of your legs keeping both the feet together. Also stretch both of your hands in backward direction to hold both of the feet. Hold this pose for 10-12 seconds and perform it again. While perform this pose your body looks like a bow thus this pose has such a name.
Crane pose is a little bit difficult pose for the beginners but it is a superb pose which brings excellent fitness in your body. In this pose you have to carry your whole body and keeping the balance on both of the hands. First place your knees on the floor and then stand upon them. Now place both of your hands firmly on the ground keeping them on the floor. Then try to uplift your whole body from the floor by folding your legs. Keep your body balances on both of your hands adjusting the muscles of shoulder and arm.
Downward Facing Dog Pose
Downward facing dog pose is easy to do and plays a significant role in boosting up your fitness levels. It actually boosts up the fitness of the lower part of your body. First stand on the floor keeping both of your feet together and then bend the upper body part at your waist. Stretch both of your hands and try to touch the ground. Place your palms firmly on the ground and face downward. Hold this pose for 15-20 seconds and do a repeat action. Daily practice of this pose keeps you fit and increases the fitness in an effective manner.
Perform bridge pose regularly to boost your body fitness level. This pose is not so tough but keeps you fit if you do this pose regularly. To perform this pose you have to lie on the floor firstly on your back. Stretch both of the legs in forward direction and then fold them at your knees. Stretch both of your hands over your head keeping both the palms together. This pose increases the fitness level by boosting the power in leg and back mucles.
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Kiiwetinoong is a provincial electoral district (riding) in Ontario, Canada. It will elect one member to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario beginning with the 42nd Ontario general election. This riding was created from the northern portion of Kenora—Rainy River on the advice of the Far North Electoral Boundaries Commission in 2017. The Legislative Assembly of Ontario approved the new riding on October 24, 2017.
Kiiwetinoong is 68 percent Indigenous, the only riding in Ontario with a majority Indigenous population. The riding name means “North” in Ojibwe.
Unlike most Ontario provincial districts, Kiiwetinoong does not have the same boundaries as a federal district. As well, the riding, with a population of 32,987, is significantly smaller than the average Ontario district (with a population of 110,000) or the average Northern Ontario district (with a population of 76,000). Josh Dehaas, a National Post columnist, has criticized the new riding as violating the principle of representation by population.
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As a stay-at-home writer, phone calls were unruly and hard to control. What if the other person wanted to tell a long story? What if she wanted me to really pay attention?
I could have a bit of contact with the outside world by scanning the newspaper or listening to the radio. But for me the switch in media was too jarring and tended to trigger frantic snacking, which often led to napping.
I needed a way to remain in my chair, at my screen, but be able to check in on friends without having to make small talk or even hold up my side of the conversation. Although I didn’t realize it, I also needed a chance to spy on semi-strangers and relatives and people from my past without breaking any laws. I needed access to video snippets and newsy bits that someone else thought were funny or touching or bizarre. I needed a simple way to keep up with neighborhood gossip and industry rumor. All while investing precisely as much time and attention as I wanted to, with no reciprocal responsibilities or guilt.
In short, I needed Facebook.
Satisfying the semi-social, procrastination needs of middle-age writers may not have been what Mark Zuckerberg had in mind when he launched Facebook, but he can count that among his accomplishments nonetheless. Thanks to him, with one click I can leave work, get out of my own story for exactly as long as I wish, then return to work. Better than ruby slippers!
I assume all Facebook users find their own community. I write children’s books, so the people who “friend” me tend to be teachers, librarians, other writers or readers. And they’re there for me.
Just the other day, I couldn’t remember the title or author of a book that I wanted to recommend to a friend, so I asked the communal Facebook brain. All I had to go on was the general subject and my memory of the cover art. Within minutes I had the book’s title from a middle school librarian in Massachusetts whom I’ve never met. She probably came across my question while doing her own procrastinating.
Another time recently, I posted a picture of the grubs I found infesting my flower beds. By nightfall they’d been identified, remedies had been suggested, similar insect stories shared, sympathy extended.
What I didn’t expect when I first started using Facebook was that just through the accumulation of “status updates” distinct personalities would emerge. Not all, but many of my 1,429 Facebook friends who began as total strangers have become virtual friends.
There’s also something wonderful about the ease of ending Facebook friendships. I can simply block anyone I find annoying, and they never know.
And when blocking isn’t enough, there is the delicious joy of unfriending.
The overzealous debut author who believed that relentless self-promotion via social media really was the path to success: One click, and he’s gone! The NRA kid whose response to school shootings was that the teachers should be armed: Unfriend! The antiabortion and marriage protection fanatics: Click, bye-bye!
But Facebook friendships can also pull you into real-life dramas. I have one Facebook friend who is suffering from severe depression. She recently checked back into the “whack shack” (her words) for electric shock treatments, which she described in detail. She writes about her plight with humor and charm, but it tears my heart out. I find myself as anxious about her illness and treatments as I would be about an actual blood-and-bone friend.
Recently, a sweet guy I’d never met, and only knew from his Facebook posts, died. I learned this when his brother announced his sudden death — on Facebook. I was stunned, and totally blindsided by the depth of my emotion. But I wondered if I was entitled to be sad over a total stranger. Was it voyeuristic? Ghoulish? Inappropriate?
The sorrow felt entirely real, but it was embarrassing.
I secretly went to his Facebook page and found that I was not alone.
Alongside his real-life friends and family, many people who had only known him on Facebook posted condolences and memories and prayers. His online community mourned. We comforted one another. Some of us became Facebook friends.
Maybe those of us who connect on Facebook care for each other and cry over each other in the same way we do over beloved characters in novels and movies. So even if the whole Facebook world is just a new kind of fiction, the laughs are real, and so are the sorrows. And the procrastination is exquisite.
Amy Goldman Koss’ latest novel for teens is “The Not-So-Great Depression.” She wrote this for the Los Angeles Times.
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VAT payers around the world have been longing for an easier way to get cross-border reporting done, and they may be in luck. Maybe.
Right now, each EU member state has almost complete independence when it comes to the format of the VAT return form. A positive result of this can be the example of a UK VAT return, where only a handful of data is requested. However the polar opposite exists in Italy, where several pages of data must be submitted.
Enter the Standard EU VAT Return. Most VAT payers and VAT/tax managers have been following this topic with great interest and high expectations, and rightly so. The vision of one form that is standard across the EU, helping businesses - particularly ones that find it hard financially to expand and can’t support large tax and compliance costs - can be exciting.
Suggested in 2013 and approved by the EU Parliament and member states in 2014, the single EU VAT return and initial work on the project has been moving faster than wildfire. The implementation is scheduled for 2017 so it needs to progress quickly. While the enthusiasm associated with this was at the beginning, on par with the anticipation for the next Game of Thrones season, it quickly became dampened as EU member states tried to agree on what was required. I am sure that no one interested or involved in cross-border EU Commission projects saw this one coming!
So where do the differences come from?
Let’s ignore the fact that it may bring an estimated €3-6bn benefit when it comes to the removal of cross border trade obstacles. Let’s also forget the €9bn that should result from the reduced administrative burden. Let’s focus on the most important thing that EU member states can’t agree on: how many boxes this single VAT return should have.
They began with five, but it quickly became apparent that this would not be enough. Selected EU member states requested more data. In almost an instant 21 more boxes were suggested to get the required information. However it would appear that even that was not enough, because after a year of “negotiating” (read: arguing about the contents of the form) EU member states and the EU Commission “agreed” (read: pretty much had no choice) on 60 boxes. This is probably due to the fact that the EU Commission made it clear that unless member states could agree on the details, it would stop supporting the initiative and potentially even drop it completely.
The above, together with costs of implementation is what currently stands in the way of the planned 2017 implementation.
A question of priority
Separately virtually every single EU member state will have to adapt local legislation to support this initiative and that is likely to take time. With a number of EU countries currently worrying about everything from paying debts to a migrant influx to bankruptcy, it does appear that priorities are changing, and the initiative of the standard VAT return may end up being sidelined with the implementation date pushed back.
After all, we are now well past the middle mark of 2015, and a template of the said return doesn’t appear to be on the horizon. So right now we have 60 boxes. A large number of these are optional, which may lead to EU member states picking different ones for the format of their return. If that happens we may end up with rather different declarations across the EU. But wait? Isn’t that what we have now? Simplification? Hardly.
While the single VAT return and the endgame for EU filing complexity is out there, it may still be a while before it becomes a reality. The 2017 deadline is certainly ambitious to say the least.
Instead of focussing its efforts on standardising reporting, the EU Commission could look into changing the VAT system by changing the place of supply rules and introducing an EU-wide reverse charge of goods. This would not just limit - or stop - the necessity to register and pay VAT on a non-resident basis, but could also potentially make the single VAT return initiative somewhat pointless.
After closer consideration isn’t that what the VAT Expert Group and Group on the Future of VAT are working on in partnership with the EU Commission? It is apparently scheduled for implementation in 2019, two years after the single VAT return…
Got questions? Contact our expert VAT team.
Receive more news and opinion like this straight to your inbox by signing up to our eAlerts.
Looking for some background? Here it is:
Proposal of amendment of the EU Directive - click here.
Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee on the ‘Proposal for a Council Directive amending Directive 2006/112/EC on the common system of value added tax as regards a standard VAT return’ COM(2013) 721 final — 2013/0343 (CNS) click here.
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Exporting Spirits to Japan Politically Correct Economics Term Paper
- Length: 8 pages
- Subject: Economics
- Type: Term Paper
- Paper: #48133615
Excerpt from Term Paper :
EXPORTING SPIRITS TO JAPAN: POLITICALLY CORRECT?
SPIRITS & STATISTICS
Traditionally it has been difficult for many American companies to penetrate the Japanese export market. For over three decades, the Japanese laws and regulations created barriers to entry, by culturally binding allegiance and employing strategies such as cross-shareholding which favor keiretsu (local industrial groups). Officially, Japan's policy is to promote imports, but in practice this was often not the case. For the purpose of this exposition we will examine the economic, political and regulatory environment surrounding the U.S. export of whiskey, or distilled spirits, to Japan.
As an island nation, Japan is a worldwide net importer due to its geographical limitations. Japan is America's largest overseas trading partner and the largest importer of U.S. agricultural products. With a gross domestic product of nearly $5 trillion, Japan's is the world's second largest economy. Japan's GDP is 70% of that of the U.S., while its population is roughly half. In 1996, the growth rate in Japan's economy was the highest in the developed world, at 3.6%. U.S. exports to Japan are greater than that of China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore combined, making Japan a prime Asian market for U.S. exports.
The World Bank has compiled comparative data between elements that influence food production and consumption between Japan and the U.S. Highlights are summarized in the table below:
Area (000 sq. mi.)
Population Density (people/sq. mi)
GDP per capita ($) Purchasing Power Parity Basis
Avg. manufacturing labor costs ($/hr)
Source: Bryant College International Trade Data Network
The significant factors in the above comparison are the population density, or concentration of people within a given area. Japan's population density is much higher than America's, which allows for a targeted consumer group to reside in a much smaller geographic area. While the per capita GDP is lower in Japan than in America, the average labor cost for manufacturing wages is significantly higher, creating a favorable setting for imports of goods that are cheaper to buy than to produce.
ECONOMICS broad-brush stroke of the recent economic climate in Japan can be characterized by a lengthy recession, a deflated yen, increased price competition and deregulation. The recession, in hindsight, was the result of prior events. Namely, the speculative growth in land and stock values during the late eighties and early nineties was accompanied by a record low discount rate (2.5% between February 1987 to May 1989). This unprecedented investment resulted in a tripling of land prices and stocks between January of 1985 and December of 1989. In 1990, when stocks fell and the discount rate rose, consumer and corporate spending stalled, creating one of the longest and deepest recessions since World War II, one which is just beginning to recover.
Accordingly, the story of the yen mirrors that of the recession, and is loosely intertwined. In 1985, about the time speculative investment began to rise, an agreement called the Plaza Accord was reached between Japan and the then G-5 member nations. The Plaza Accord raised the value of the yen against the U.S. dollar to correct what was perceived as a growing trade imbalance. A decade later, the government enacted Emergency Economic Measures which were designed to correct the overvaluation of the yen in exchange markets.1 Fluctuations in currency influenced trade flows. Following a peak of U.S.$1/Yen79 in April 1995, the "correction" resulted in the depreciation of the value of the yen in late 1996/early 1997. The change resulted in slowing imports and an increase in exports. In June of 1998, the value of the yen was characterized as the Asian currency crises, depreciating to a low of 144.2 At the end of 2001, the yen stood at 131, a nine-year low. According to the Universal Currency Converter's live mid-market rates as of February 10, 2003, the yen stood at 121.054. The yen, then, is consistently strengthening against the value of the dollar, a sign that the economy is in recovery, albeit a slow one.
Considering that Japanese GDP growth was lackluster during the nineties, in the year 2000 GDP reached 3.86 million yen which was a 10% increase over 1990 levels of 3.53 million, while discretionary spending for food related products remained stable. Worth noting in considering the Japanese economic climate of the prior decade is the devastating Hanshin/Awaji Earthquake of January 1995, which served to hamper efforts at economic recovery.
In recent years the Japanese government, in an effort to buttress the domestic economy, announced historic measures aimed at promoting growth. A sum of 14.2 trillion yen was earmarked for public works projects to strengthen Japan's infrastructure (12.8 trillion yen), create jobs, and support research and development. In addition, the government expanded disclosure rules and raised the ceilings on depositors' insurance for financial institutions. Since 1995, the discount rate was reduced to ease access to credit.
Domestic demographic factors are also affecting the climate for U.S. exports. Imported products are competitively priced (note the average manufacturing labor cost per hour in Japan of $16.9 vs. $11.5 in the U.S.). In addition, more Japanese consumers are traveling abroad and becoming aware of the high prices of domestically produced products. The economic climate can be characterized as one of emerging "price competition," a climate that is not historically patterned in Japan. Japanese agricultural production has declined since 1990 while food imports in most categories have risen. Part of the shift is due to the aging population of domestic farmers, with an overall elderly increase in Japan's population of 12% from 1990 to a projected 27% by 2020, accounting for the fastest growing elderly population in the industrialized world. This has resulted in a declining food self-sufficiency ratio (47% in 1990 to 40% in 2000). In addition, Japan's unemployment rate reached record levels in 2001. According to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF), imports of consumer-oriented food increased 18% between 1990 and 2000, and imports of total consumer food increased 14% during the same period (whiskey is technically classified as a food product according to the Japanese Ministry of Finance).
In addition, changes to the liquor law allowed large retailers to engage in the liquor market, loosening restrictions to any store with 10,000 or more square meters of retail space. This means that, for the first time, large supermarket chains can obtain a license to sell liquor.
Since World War II, Japan's economic diplomacy was bilateral (i.e., between two countries). While Japan formally became a member of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1955 (eight years after the U.S. joined), trade policy remained focused on bilateral agreements until recent years. In the forty years since Japan joined GATT, the United States utilized GATT to challenge Japanese trade policies a total of nine times.3
Loosely, as two of the world's largest trading partners, the direct negotiations between Japan and the United States served as the benchmark for relations with other countries. As the European nations adopted the Euro, multilateral trade negotiations painted the diplomatic landscape. The most notable brush stroke was the creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995. The WTO operates in the resolution of trade disputes, and in establishing international precedence for such disputes. Although the United States plays a large role in the WTO, its' direct effect on Japanese trade agreements may be diluted from the bilateral influence of previous years.
SPIRITS & STATISTICS
Japan's total food imports remained high during the last decade at nearly 6
Trillion yen ($55.6 billion). However, the mix of imports changed dramatically during that same period. Commodities decreased from 40% in 1990 to 29% in 2000 while consumer oriented products increased from 60% to 71% of total food imports. The United States retained its position as Japan's largest import supplier, but its share of total imports fell from 32% to 29% over the decade while China increased market share. The United States is Japan's largest supplier of consumer-oriented foods and second largest of edible fishery products. China is the largest fishery exporter to Japan and second largest for consumer oriented foods.
Bars and coffee shops represent 22% of total food service sales. Although growth for this market sector turned negative during the recession, slow but steady recovery is beginning to emerge. Liquor imports & U.S. share is demonstrated for the Food and Fishery import categories recorded by the Ministry of Finance below:
1998 Total ($ millions)
Total ($ millions)
Total (trillion yen)
Rank relative to position in thirty categories: Rating of U.S. opportunity to increase exports: A - Excellent; B - Fair; C - Poor
Individual import items are converted to U.S. dollars at 1998 and 2000 exchange
The table shows that the rating of the United States' potential to increase exports is either excellent or fair. Whiskey remained stable between 1998 and 2000, at 21% of total market share. Figures compiled from annual reports of the Toyo Keizai…
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Bachelor of Fine Arts
The Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) is a prestigious qualification that will give you a broad knowledge in visual arts, multimedia and design before you specialise in your studio subject of choice. The four-year degree makes use of purpose-built facilities and students enjoy being part of a supportive community of practitioners.
Features of the Bachelor of Fine Arts at UC
- First art school in New Zealand and one of the oldest in the English-speaking world
- Teaching staff are artists, designers, filmmakers and curators of international standing
- Facilities include an on-campus art gallery, dedicated studios and workshops
- Numerous exhibitions are organised by the School of Fine Arts throughout the year, allowing students to showcase their work to multiple audiences
- Enjoy a welcoming community of like-minded students, enthusiasts, professionals, staff and alumni.
Admission to UC with University Entrance, or equivalent, is required to enrol for a Bachelor's degree. Domestic applicants over 20 who do not hold University Entrance, or equivalent, may gain admission by providing evidence of their ability to complete tertiary study successfully. For information on gaining admission to UC please see how to apply for undergraduate qualifications. This degree has additional entry requirements – please see below.
You are also required to meet UC’s English language requirements.
Specific entry requirements
To apply for admission to the Intermediate Year (first year) of the BFA directly from school, you need to:
- achieve NCEA Level 3 Visual Arts in one or more subjects; and
- have at least 14 credits in each of two other NCEA Level 3 subjects (that are not practical art subjects) is also strongly recommended; or
- the equivalent standards in other qualification frameworks.
All applicants also need to submit a letter of introduction and portfolio. See 'How to apply' section below for more information.
Qualification structure and duration
The Bachelor of Fine Arts requires a total of 480 points:
- Fine Arts Intermediate Year (120 points)
- your specialist studio subject (270 points)
- courses from the Bachelor of Arts or other degrees (including some compulsory Art History and Theory or Cinema Studies courses) (75 points).
The Fine Arts Intermediate Year consists of FINA 101 What is Practice?, FINA 102 Communities of Practice, and FINA 103 Studio Practice as well as 30 points of 100-level Art History and Theory courses.
On passing the Intermediate Year, most students are able to gain a place in one of their two studio electives. However, your grades in the Intermediate Year will influence this. In the second, third and fourth years of the BFA, you will specialise in one subject.
Note: Students that have enrolled in the BFA before 2017 will have a different degree structure and requirements – see 'Students enrolled before 2017' below.
Typical degree structure for Bachelor of Fine Arts
Introduction to all specialist studio studies
Required Art History and Theory courses
Specialisation in one studio subject
Courses from the Bachelor of Arts schedule
(2) Students specialising in Film or Photography may take either Art History and Theory or Cinema Studies 200-level courses.
(3) Students must complete 30 points of 300-level ARTH courses to be eligible for entry into Bachelor of Fine Arts with Honours at fourth year.
Each small block represents a 15-point course. However, some courses may be 30 points (or more).
Students who began a Bachelor of Fine Arts in 2016 will follow a different structure - see www.canterbury.ac.nz/regulations/award/bfa_regs.shtml
It is possible to combine a Fine Arts degree with the study of another degree, such as a Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science. If you are considering a double degree you should get advice from a College of Arts Student Advisor or the Liaison Office.
Find out more information about Double degrees.
Subjects and courses
UC offers five studio specialisations in the Bachelor of Fine Arts:
Students enrolled before 2017
Students enrolled in the BFA prior to 2017 will graduate with the BFA regulations and degree structure from the year they were enrolled in:
How to apply
Entry to the Intermediate Year of the Bachelor of Fine Arts is limited. In addition to the Application to Enrol, you need to complete and supply by 15 November 2016:
- the Application for fine arts intermediate course form
- a letter of introduction
- a portfolio of work**.
You are encouraged to submit the form as early as possible before the due date and to visit the School of Fine Arts before making your application. The School welcomes applications from 14 October.
** Portfolio of work
In addition to the application form, you should also provide a portfolio of recently completed art and/or design work. This is your opportunity to demonstrate:
- Evidence of your competency and ability in artmaking – so please make sure you include your best work. We also need to see aspects of your methodology; examples of preliminary sketches are important here.
- Your best possible work presentation. There are a number of formatting requirements for the supply of your work portfolio – please see the application form for details.
- Your ability to express your thinking in a written statement. This is your chance to demonstrate a critical understanding of how the work operates, the decisions you made, and what you are trying to address through your work.
For more information on the application process for the Intermediate Year go to the School of Fine Arts.
Postgraduate options include:
A UC Fine Arts degree is accepted as an entry qualification to postgraduate studies in other tertiary institutions in New Zealand and overseas. UC graduates have been accepted into the best graduate programmes in the United Kingdom, Germany, Switzerland, France, Canada, the United States and Australia.
# From 2020, the Bachelor of Fine Arts with Honours will be offered as a final-year extension programme for high-achieving undergraduate students. If students meet the criteria, they will be able to enrol in an additional research course in their fourth year. This will replace the current postgraduate qualification.
Recent UC graduates have gained employment as professional artists, art gallery directors, photojournalists, commercial photographers, film directors, designers, consultants, art conservators, illustrators, fashion designers, curators, art critics, art historians, graphic designers, lecturers and art teachers.
Find out more about what you can do with a degree in Fine Arts.
For assistance with planning your programme of study contact the Liaison Office (new students) or visit the Liaison Office’s course planning page (new students), or a College of Arts Student Advisor (advancing students).
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50% Think Feds Likely to Have Looked at Internet Activity of Someone in Their Family
Tuesday, November 05, 2013
Americans recognize there is no way to guarantee the privacy of their Internet searches, and one-out-of-two now think it's likely the government has trolled their Internet activity or that of someone in their family.
A new Rasmussen Reports national telephone survey finds that 60% of Americans who use the Internet at least occasionally consider their Internet communications at least somewhat private now, with 21% who feel they are Very Private. Twenty-eight percent (28%) think their Internet activity is not private, with eight percent (8%) who say it is Not At All Private. (To see survey question wording, click here.)
Overall confidence in Internet privacy is down from 68% in late May just before the National Security Agency's domestic spying on telephone calls and e-mails was disclosed. But that quickly fell to 49% in early June after the story broke, with just 12% who felt their Internet communications were Very Private.
But 75% of all Americans believe it is no longer possible to guarantee that an individual's Internet searches will remain private. Just seven percent (7%) think such a guarantee is possible, while 18% are not sure.
Fifty percent (50%) now think it is at least somewhat likely that the government has monitored their Internet activity or the activity of a member of their family. Thirty-five percent (35%) consider that unlikely. This includes 27% who believe government monitoring is Very Likely and nine percent (9%) who say it's Not At All Likely. Sixteen percent (16%) are not sure.
Daily users of the Internet are even more convinced that the privacy of their searches can no longer be guaranteed and that government monitoring of their Internet activity is likely.
President Obama announced in early August that there would be tighter controls on the NSA's tracking of telephone calls and e-mails by millions of ordinary Americans, but 49% of likely U.S. voters expect the level of domestic surveillance to remain about the same.
(Want a free daily e-mail update? If it's in the news, it's in our polls). Rasmussen Reports updates are also available on Twitter or Facebook.
The survey of 1,000 Adults was conducted on November 2-3, 2013 by Rasmussen Reports. The margin of sampling error is +/- 3 percentage points with a 95% level of confidence. Field work for all Rasmussen Reports surveys is conducted by Pulse Opinion Research, LLC. See methodology.
Seventy-one percent (71%) of voters say it is at least somewhat likely that the NSA phone and surveillance programs have inappropriately violated the privacy of innocent Americans, with 41% who think it’s Very Likely. Fifty-three percent (53%) still don't trust the president, the executive branch, Congress and federal judges to make sure the NSA abides by the Constitution.
Seventy-nine percent (79%) of Americans say they have been following recent news reports about the NSA's surveillance programs at least somewhat closely, with 38% who have been following Very Closely.
Just 14% now say they rarely or never use the Internet. Sixty-six percent (66%) say they go online every day or nearly every day.
Women assume their Internet communications are Very Private more than men do. Those over 40 are more likely than younger adults to think these communications are Very Private.
Americans under 65 also believe more strongly that it is no longer possible to guarantee that an individual's Internet searches remain private.
Those not affiliated with either major political party feel much more strongly than either Democrats or Republicans that the government is likely to have monitored their own Internet activity or that of a family member.
Thirty-nine percent (39%) of all voters regard the NSA’s surveillance of Americans’ phone and e-mail communications as a serious scandal. Thirty-two percent (32%) now think it’s an embarrassing situation but not a scandal. Twenty-one percent (21%) say it’s no big deal.
Still, 58% believe it is at least somewhat likely that continuing disclosure of the NSA phone and email surveillance programs is hurting U.S. national security.
Sixty-four percent (64%) of voters now have an unfavorable opinion of the federal government.
Fifty-six percent (56%) consider the federal government a threat to individual rights rather than a protector of those rights.
Additional information from this survey and a full demographic breakdown are available to Platinum Members only.
Please sign up for the Rasmussen Reports daily e-mail update (it’s free) or follow us on Twitter or Facebook. Let us keep you up to date with the latest public opinion news.
Rasmussen Reports is a media company specializing in the collection,
publication and distribution of public opinion information.
We conduct public opinion polls on a variety of topics to inform our audience on events
in the news and other topics of interest. To ensure editorial control and independence,
we pay for the polls ourselves and generate revenue through the sale of subscriptions,
sponsorships, and advertising. Nightly polling on politics, business and lifestyle topics
provides the content to update the Rasmussen Reports web site many times each day.
If it's in the news, it's in our polls. Additionally, the data drives a
daily update newsletter and various media outlets
across the country.
Some information, including the Rasmussen Reports daily Presidential Tracking Poll
and commentaries are available for free to the general public.
Subscriptions are available for $4.95 a month or 34.95 a year
that provide subscribers with exclusive access to more than 20 stories per week on upcoming elections,
consumer confidence, and issues that affect us all. For those who are really into the numbers,
Platinum Members can review demographic crosstabs
and a full history of our data.
To learn more about our methodology, click here.
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Gender Assessment of the Refugee and Migration Crisis in Serbia and fYR Macedonia
Authors/editor(s): Galit Wolfensohn
In 2015 over one million women and men sought asylum in Western Europe. The vast majority transited from Turkey to Greece and traveled through the Western Balkans to reach destination countries further north. For the countries of the Western Balkans, especially for fYR Macedonia and Serbia this was the first time they were confronted with such a massive refugee flow since the Yugoslav wars. The governments had to quickly scale up their response with the support of UN agencies and international organizations. This publication is a gender analysis of the response in fYR Macedonia and Serbia which looks at the main risks that women and girl refugees face; classifies the services available for women; determines which barriers exist to access services and information for women and recommends how gender issues can be mainstreamed in the national and international response.
Recommendations to Government, UN and NGO counterparts include: to strengthen coordinated action on mainstreaming of gender-responsive programming and advocacy; and increase national capacity to effectively respond to the specific needs, priorities of and protection risks facing refugee and migrant women and girls. The report also calls for more attention to be paid to gender based violence and establishment of referal mechanisms; women only spaces along the transit route; the provision of more information on transit that women can easily access; and the collection and use of sex-disaggreagated data for planning and operations.
Order printed/published version
Languages available: English
Subject area(s): Peace and security; Migration; Social protection; Temporary special measures, affirmative action; Access to basic services; Human rights–based approach; Fundamental freedoms; Humanitarian action; Sexual violence in conflict; Health; Human rights; Sexual and reproductive health and rights; Health care services; Care and support services; Water; Poverty; Institutional mechanisms
Resource Type: Assessments
UN Women office involved in publication: Europe and Central Asia Regional Office
Publication year: 2016
Number of pages: 42
Publishing Entities: United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women)
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USM 1988-2008: System Marks 20 Years of Growth and Service
July 1, 2008, marks the
20th anniversary of the creation of the University System of Maryland (USM).
In the two decades since the creation of USM from the merger of the five University
of Maryland institutions and the
six members of the State University
and College System of Maryland, USM has crossed significant milestones in
its growth and in its service to the citizens of Maryland.
Since 1988, the number of in- and out-of-state students attending USM's 11
universities has grown 34 percent overall, from 102,687 in fall 1988 to a
record-setting 137,648 in fall 2007. Breaking these statistics down, USM has
made significant progress in expanding access and opportunity for the state's
diverse student population during the past two decades. In terms of annual
numbers, since 1988:
The number of first-time full-time freshmen has
grown 58 percent.
The number of community college transfer students
has grown 149 percent.
The number of bachelor's degrees granted has
increased 34 percent, while master's degrees granted grew by 154 percent and doctoral
degrees by 108 percent.
Minority student enrollment has tripled in
actual numbers, from 15 percent (15,404) of total students in 1988 to 36
percent (49,553) in 2008.
During this same period, the system has become a research and
development powerhouse now attracting more than $1 billion in grants and
contracts to the state annually; performing ground-breaking research in
medicine and the biosciences, the environment, physics, electrical and
computing engineering, and in leading-edge fields such as nanotechnology and
nanobiotechnology; and fostering innovation and economic development in
Maryland's private sector through tech transfer, entrepreneurship programs and
grants, and technology parks. The diverse talents and capabilities of the
institutions within our system have helped to propel Maryland's
leadership in the new knowledge economy.
"The foundation of USM's mission has always been expanding access to
higher education to more and more students and working with the state to
promote its economic strength through education and research," said USM
Chancellor William E. Kirwan. "Looking ahead to our third decade, demand
for higher education will only grow as we serve an increasingly diverse student
population. We will also need to work even more collaboratively with the
different sectors of education, business, and government in the state to ensure
Maryland's continued leadership
in the national and global economy. The faculty, staff, and students of USM
will play a most critical role in making this happen."
For more highlights of USM history, view our USM Timeline.
Contact: John Buettner
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Determine whether an optional argument is present. If it is not present, you may only pass it as an optional argument to another procedure or pass it as an argument to PRESENT.
Result Type and Attributes
Default logical scalar.
The result is .TRUE. if the actual argument is present (that is, if it was passed to the current procedure in the specified dummy argument), and .FALSE. otherwise.
SUBROUTINE SUB (X, Y) REAL, OPTIONAL :: Y IF (PRESENT (Y)) THEN ! In this section, we can use y like any other variable. X = X + Y PRINT *, SQRT(Y) ELSE ! In this section, we cannot define or reference y. X = X + 5 ! We can pass it to another procedure, but only if ! sub2 declares the corresponding argument as optional. CALL SUB2 (Z, Y) ENDIF END SUBROUTINE SUB
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It’s alive! And it’s adorable. And you don’t need any pesky lightning to bring it to life. In fact, all you need are a few eye stalks, some munchy teeth, and possibly some adorable chevrons and stripes, because of course monsters come in chevrons and stripes. It’s 2013, after all. If you love eco-conscious, kid-safe blocks as much as we do, you won’t want to miss this collection of adorable monster body parts that can be stuck together in creative ways.
We’ve covered Mad Scientist Blocks before, but these Stack N Scare wooden blocks from My Sweet Muffin really take monster building to the next level. There are four different sets, each with 14 to 18 pieces in a variety of eyes, horns, mouths, legs, and other fun bits to stack and stick together. The blocks themselves are made of Michigan-grown basswood and are printed in US-made, non-toxic inks. That means your kids can happily NOM these sweet monsters and their monster giblets all day long. Yum!
Shall we do the Monster Mash? Yes. Let’s.
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The Penang State Museum was founded in 1816 when the East India Company donated the original building to the state as a centre for education. Despite being damaged during the Second World War, the buildings were saved from demolition by Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj and subsequently converted into a museum that opened in 1965. Visitors can discover everything from ancient fish-shaped Bahulu moulds to carpentry tools and weapons, as well as jewellery, a handwritten Koran, historic paintings of the island and even a photography display charting the evolution of transport on Penang. During current renovations, the museum’s artefacts are being exhibited on Macalister Road.
Penang State Museum
AddressPenang State Museum, Penang, MalaysiaGPS5.420482,100.338576
Cheong Fatt Tze's Mansion
A Chinese businessman born in 1840, Cheong Fatt Tze built this ornate Blue Mansion to...
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As you have a look in the market, you will be able to explore a number of different types of MIDI keyboard controllers that are designed to improve use of an equipment and thus enables a performer to perform at best of his skills with the use of varied automatic parameters in real-time. These controllers are there to offer you an opportunity to play piano style keyboard much more intuitively and interactively. Not only these controls would improve your working style but would enhance flow and productivity of work. Throughout this guide we will have a better look at what are these controllers for, how and why they are used along with tips for finding the best MIDI keyboard for musicians?
What is MIDI Keyboard Controller and who should own it?
MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) was initiated back in 1980 with the purpose of offering control of sound over various synthesizers with the use of one keyboard for live performers. MIDI Keyboard Controller is actually a device that features piano or synthesizer style keys. It includes a number of buttons, sliders and knobs that enable user to control and transfer sound data to external devices such as sound modules, computer synthesizers, hardware/software sequencers or more. These keyboard controllers offer an impressively natural way of playing instruments on computer system. The charm is that you don’t need to be a piano player yet you can perform with simple patterns of notes.
Most of the controllers usually do not have any system of sound generation inside them but they act as a controller for sounds and related factors on other devices that are installed in DAW of computer. Almost all kinds of musical hardware and software devices can be controlled virtually with the aid of these controllers. Musicians can compose notes, tracks and can even improvise their acoustic recordings. Thus all the live performing musicians, songwriters/composers, sound designers and studio musicians should own MIDI keyboard controller and it will enhance the flavor of their musical life.
Benefits of using MIDI Keyboard Controller:
Some of the main benefits that these MIDI controllers offer include:
- It offers versatility: These MIDI keyboards that we are talking about are virtually versatile in terms of applications and tasks that they support. You can control a range of hardware and software modern music with the use of these controllers. Just by having these keyboards and related interface; you can practice well to give a live performance with complete ease of co-ordination. It enables you to produce varied sound effects and that too without having much of musical knowledge. Thus without making much efforts you will be able to drive best results. Moreover you are able to create sounds with multiple instruments without actually knowing or having those instruments.
- Reliability: Another important benefit of using these controllers is that you can take care of small details with advanced controlling options. For example if you are working on recording a sample, you will be able to alter even those minute details that may not be possible otherwise.
- Compact& Portable: Now always but you can find some MIDI controllers that are really compact size. Their size is such that you can even fit it in your briefcase or laptop bag without much trouble. Because of their size, you can carry most of these controllers along you can work for a creative result anywhere as your mind comes up with something attractive or inspiring.
- Quality of Sound: As you reproduce sound with these controls you don’t need to include other sound systems and amplifiers rather the quality will depend upon quality of your controller. Apart from that it will depend upon the interface software that you will be using to translate file according to control instructions.
- Cost Effective: Some of the best keyboard controllers can be bought within a range of 100 to 200 USD.
Best MIDI Keyboard Controllers:
Here we are presenting some of the top MIDI keyboard controllers that are best in best and are quite popular among musicians for sound production. Each one of these is selected on the basis of exceptional features that they carry and you can choose piano keyboard that suits you best
1. Akai Professional MPK Mini MKII
This Akai Professional MPK Mini MKII is one of the best MIDI keyboard that has gained huge popularity among its target users. The keyboard has been launched with some major improvements to its predecessor and features everything that a promising musician would look for compositing and editing music pieces. Priced well and packed with portability, it is perfect one to carry in your backpack to your studios and elsewhere. This keyboard includes 25 slim velocity sensitive keys. These slim keys make the size of the keyboard pretty small.
In order to save space, manufacturers have offered a four-way thumb stick to give you pitch and modulation control that is usually offered in the form of wheel. An interesting part of the controller is its backlit 8 MPC-style drum pads along with two banks and 8 control knobs. Additional features include on-board adjustable arpeggiator, octave up and down, full level and note repeat buttons.This controller gives you access to some amazing free software including Akai Pro MPC Essentials, SONiVOX Wobble and AIR Music TechHybrid 3 that would support your creativity and ideas. No drivers or external adapters are needed and you can just plug-in and play this controller with USB connection.
- Compact size, highly portable.
- Reasonably priced.
- Easy plug and play connectivity.
- Simple set up.
- Well-built with all features.
- Limited keys and smaller keyboard with no weighted keys. It may be difficult for people who are used to of working on heavier and wider keys.
- Akai software is probably not the best and lacks.
2. M-Audio Keystation 49 II
This has yet again gained most positive reviews from a lot of users and is termed to be one of the best types of controllers with sleek and attractive design.The specific keyboard that we are talking about has 49 full size semi-weighted velocity sensitive keys whereas there are other versions with 61 and 88 keys too that are offered at a different price. Affordable price day and complete USB powered control to all the features makes it super simple to use for digital music composition involving other instruments too. Though it is light weight and keys are not fully weighted but they offer good sensitivity for piano players.
The layout is pretty simple with no knobs, drum pads and sliders. It gives musicians to add expression to their performance with the aid of 1/4-inch sustain-pedal input. Other features include octave range buttons, modulation wheels, pitch control and transport control. Playing, performing and recording functions can be controlled with direction controls of software. The M-Audio USB powered keyboard includes SONiVOX Eighty-Eight Ensemble and Ableton Live Lite.
- Best MIDI Keyboard for pianists who are looking for simple controls and avoid confusing sliders and knobs.
- Best price.
- Convenience of carrying with light weight.
- 49 full-size, velocity-sensitive keys.
- 1/4″ sustain-pedal input that genuine pianists would appreciate.
- Keys are not fully weighted.
3. Novation Launchkey 49 USB Keyboard Controller
Belonging to a name Novation that has been offering some of the best performing controllers to market. The Launchkey MIDI keyboards give impressive compatibility with Albeton Live that gives you ease of producing music quickly. But you can comfortably use it with other popular DAWs too. No divers needed, just install the software and you will be good to begin with music production. This 49 Note version includes 16 velocity sensitive RGB drum pads, 8 knobs along with navigation and control buttons.
Compatible with MAC and PC through software, this USB powered controller gives you complete hands on controls. It includes Novation Bass Station and V Station virtual instruments along with more than 1 GB Loopmasters samples. This particular model has other versions with 25 and 61 key notes too. But this one is surely worth the reasonable price tag for playability and simple controls.
- Reasonable price for the features offered.
- Albeton Live and VST plug-ins are an added advantage.
- 49 Velocity sensitive keys give you real feel.
- 16 velocity-sensitive RGB pads.
- Simple to use and USB powered.
- Keys are limited.
- Controls are not extraordinary but keeping in mind the budget it is offered with it would be a good deal.
How to find the best MIDI Keyboard Controller?
Well the trick in finding one of the best MIDI controller lies in your preferences and needs so you can consider varied factors and choose one that suits you well.
Size of Keyboard/Number of Keys: The first and foremost practical consideration when you are looking for a controller should depend upon the space that you have in your studio for this device. Make sure you be careful about it and don’t end up buying something that might not fit in. You will find different options including compact ones with 25, 32, 37 or 49 keys. Whereas you can opt for some 61, 73 and 88 keys controllers that are quite popular as they offer experience similar to a real piano.
Type of Keys: Many different types of keys are equipped with different controllers. It may have velocity sensitivity, after-touch, un-weighted, semi-weighted or full-weighted keys. The one you choose completely depends upon your preference. Selection of the type of keys would affect touch, feel and response of keys from your hands. Most of the high-end expensive controllers would have all of these features combined to give you an impressive playability and feel action with close simulation to a real piano. It would though be difficult to find a combination of portability and fully weighted keys action and thus most of the musicians would do well with semi-weighted keys controllers in order to gain benefit of feel as well as portability feature.
Quality of Keyboard: Quality of keys and other controls can be easily checked by trying your hands over it. As you test a device, you will be able to realize if the feel of the keyboard is good quality or is it flimsy and cheap. When you try keyboard, keys should be consistent as you press them and they should not bottom out with a minor touch.
MIDI Performance Pads: Again this factor would depend upon personal preference. Some of the music composers would prefer triggering drum samples on keys whereas some would prefer performance drum pads. Many of the controllers are offered with 8, 12 or 16 pads including 3 to 4 banks. These performance pads work well for tracking down beats and loops for a music composition
Quality Drivers: No musician would like to have a MIDI controller that may hinder and disrupt his timings or software. Thus it is important to consider a controller with a high quality and stable driver so that you can enjoy complete stability with software, connections and other related factors.
Additional Features: Some other features that some musicians would prefer include faders, knobs, pitch and modulation wheels, arpeggiators and various other controls bundled with the keyboard controller.
Brand/Manufacturer: A reliable brand known for making quality equipment is less likely to produce something cheap so when you are looking to buy a good quality control, you may prefer brands like Akai, M-Audio, Novation, Korg, Alesis and others.
How to set up a MIDI Keyboard Controller?
Setting up a MIDI keyboard controller is pretty simple. Just follow these simple tips and you will be all set to use your controller in live.
- Install the driver software that is included with your controller. You will find instructions of installing the driver software in manual of your controller.
- Connect the USB cable (square side) in your keyboard controller and connect other side to your computer system.
- You may need a power source in case if your controller doesn’t have the option of auto power on by connecting it to your computer through USB.
- Then Launch the software and set your Live Preferences. Click the MIDI tab.
- You will be able to witness one or more I/O entries if the controller has been set up properly in MIDI ports.
- Turn the switch of MIDI controller on and you will now be good to play varied instruments live over your controller.
Musicians whether serious producers or those who are just following their interest as a hobby of working with music, all of them look for best MIDI controllers within their budget and with required features. As these controllers work as fundamental devices for composition of music in a music studio with the use of other interfaces, the main idea is to bring in the best one for your musical forum so that you can ease up and enjoy the process of making music.
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And his greatest achievement to date is directing – or perhaps reading – a left-to-right movement among a new group of Democratic activists who are not angry at the word socialist and want the government to guarantee jobs and jobs. health care to its citizens. .
How different would the country be if Sanders could be elected and follow through on his ideas? Here is an overview of where he could start:
According to Bernie Sanders' plan, he is working to put in place a single payer health care system in the United States. Much more than in many European countries, a single payer system would replace the predominantly employment-based private health insurance system with a system administered by the government. Within four years, all Americans will have essentially the same insurance company: the United States government. That's how Medicare works, and people generally like it. People like the idea of expanding it too.
But while a large majority of Americans want a Medicare option, they are not as sold as those offered by "Medicare for All" as Sanders had envisioned.
How much would that cost?
But it is also important to note that the government would be able to control the cost of health care on a scale even greater than that of Medicare today, by setting its own rates. Overall spending on health care in the country would decline. The government's share would increase. In addition, every American would have a blanket, essentially as a birthright.
Sanders says he would pay for his plan with new employer taxes and a new payroll tax, but these taxes would offset what employers and employees currently pay for coverage. He claims therefore that they would pay less in the system. In addition, it would end the tax deduction employers receive for health insurance, generating $ 4,200 billion over 10 years.
The ultimate question is all about choice. Do Americans think the government would better price health care than for-profit insurance companies?
But if they want a single payer system, they will have to do more than elect President Sanders. They will have to convince the Republican-dominated Senate as well or vote for the plan-friendly senators.
The free university has been a much broader topic of discussion during the 2016 campaign cycle, however. Although Sanders mentions it in his campaign announcement documents, he is not as important in the political conversation of recent years.
How much would that cost?
Sanders suggests in his plan that the government pays $ 47 billion a year in tuition fees to cover two-thirds of the $ 70 billion spent, he says, in tuition fees at public colleges and universities. There would be no guarantee that states would participate, which could make it cheaper. But there would also potentially be many more people enrolled in public schools if tuition fees were free. The proposal has not been evaluated by a community organization.
That's what the law is called for the 99.8% because it would only affect the wealthier 0.02% of households. The Democratic Group 2020 has proposed other wealth taxes, including Senator Elizabeth Warren's plan to fund universal custody with a new 2% tax on households with assets in excess of $ 50 million and a total of 3% on households with assets. more than $ 1 billion.
Sanders would pay his university project with a new tax on Wall Street. He would charge companies and individuals to cover the costs of his health insurance plan for everyone. But in both cases, there is no official cost estimate.
Double the federal minimum wage
A number of states have increased their minimum wage, sometimes considerably, beyond the national minimum wage of $ 7.25. But no state has a minimum wage of $ 15, as Sanders has urged. Technically, it would not cost much to the government, but there would certainly be a cost to business owners, many of whom would oppose this idea. His proposal would also gradually bring in the swing workers, who may be paid an hourly wage below the minimum wage – comparable to that of other workers.
The federal minimum wage has not been increased for a decade. Due to inflation, these $ 7.25 have lower purchasing power than 2009. It now needs $ 8.47 per hour to match the $ 7.25 in 2009.
Breaking the big banks
While some Wall Street regulations passed as a result of the 2008 financial crisis are being canceled, Sanders would go the other way and impose new regulations on Wall Street and the big banks. He proposed a bill to prevent banks from becoming too big and prevent them from holding assets representing more than 3% of gross domestic product.
One of the things mentioned above could be the main achievement of an effective president. Sanders can never be accused of not keeping his campaign promises. The question is whether the public is behind this vision for the country.
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Welcome to E-Books Directory
This is a freely downloadable e-book.
The Downfall by Emile Zola
Read this book online or download it here for free
by Emile Zola
Publisher: Project Gutenberg 2004
Zola tells the story of a terrific land-slide which overwhelmed the French Second Empire: It is a story of war, grim and terrible; of a struggle to the death between two great nations. In it the author has put much of his finest work, and the result is one of the masterpieces of literature.
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The Role of a Business Analyst in Information Technology
24 Dec. 2010 General
Many a times, I come across a job description for a Business Analyst and to my surprise the job wanted the Business Analyst to have skills of a Project Manager, Software Designer, and Software Tester. How can one person perform all the tasks described unless the project team was two people the Business Analyst and at least one developer? I don’t know where the collective description of a Business Analyst came from, but all that concerns me is that a Business Analysts job description could alarm people out of a career in this field.
A Business Analyst is the liaison between the business people and the technical people in a company. The business people viz. the stakeholders of the project, are the ones whose business needs are catered to by a software company. The technical team is trained to cater to a business need. It is the role of the Business Analyst to capture the business needs and understand the pain areas of a company to explain it to the technical team.
The demand for Business Analysts is growing and is expected to grow over at least the next 10 I asked a number of expert Business Analysts to answer this question: What do you think are the important skillsets every business analyst must possess?
I was happy to see the consistency of the replies in this study, and not surprised to find agreement on these skills for a successful Business Analyst:
- A good listener
- A good writer
- Good at analyzing and organizing information
- Either a leader or a follower as the situation requires
- Able to work independently or with a group of people as the situation requires
- Self-motivated and assertive, but with a pleasant personality
What kind of degree do you need to be a successful Business Analyst? Most people will assume that a Business or Computer Science degree is must, but that does not seem to be the case.
My survey respondents have had degrees in Decision Science, Sociology, Anthropology, Music, Business, and Computer Science. One of the best Business Analysts I know had a degree in Journalism. With employers focusing on people with either business or technical degrees, it is interesting to me that many of the best Business Analysts have degrees other than Business or Computer Science.
A good Business Analyst needs significant experience in the domain to be effective. Most people often don’t have much experience in the domains that they working. However, Business Analyst may learn new domains quickly because they are all excellent listeners. Listening is probably the most important skill for this job.
Of course experience in the domain and in the process of developing software is quite helpful. The more you understand both the business and software development parts of your project, the more successful you will be as a Business Analyst. Let me explain with an example of an interpreter – the interpreter knows how to interpret. While the interpreter knows all the words of the two languages, the interpreter may not understand all the details of what is being said. But the more the interpreter understands the conversation, the better the interpretation will be. The same holds true for a Business Analyst.
A Business Analyst would typically perform the below traditional activities for a software development project:
- Represent stakeholders
- Scope the system, Elicit project requirements, especially the business requirements.
- Write the project requirements in a clear, concise manner.
- Translate business needs
- Translate technical issues
- Manage the project requirements.
- Lead requirement reviews.
- Create and maintain analysis or domain models for the requirements.
- Act as a communication broker – Works with the project designers and architects to make sure their designs conform to the project requirements.
- Work with the test team to make sure the tests adequately cover the requirements.
- Run the User Acceptance tests.
Rishabh Software, a CMMI Level-3 technology company, focuses on cost-effective, qualitative and timely delivered Software Development, Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) and Engineering Services.
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You are here
Series I - Chapter 13 - 'Virtue'
Series I - Chapter 13 - 'Virtue'
THE SEA WAS very calm and there was hardly a ripple on the white sands. Around the wide bay, to the north, was the town, and to the south were palm trees, almost touching the water. Just visible beyond the bar were the first of the sharks, and beyond them the fishermen's boats, a few logs tied together with stout rope. They were making for a little village south of the palm trees. The sunset was brilliant, not where one would expect it, but in the east; it was a counter-sunset, and the clouds, massive and shapely, were lit with all the colours of the spectrum. It was really quite fantastic, and almost painful to bear. The waters caught the brilliant colours and made a path of exquisite light to the horizon.
There were a few fishermen walking back to their villages from the town, but the beach was almost deserted and silent. A single star was above the clouds. On our way back, a woman joined us and began to talk of serious things. She said she belonged to a certain society whose members meditated and cultivated the essential virtues. Each month a particular virtue was chosen, and during the days that followed it was cultivated and put into practice. From her attitude and speech it appeared that she was well grounded in self-discipline and somewhat impatient with those who were not of her mood and purpose.
Virtue is of the heart and not of the mind, When the mind cultivates virtue, it is cunning calculation; it is a self-defence, a clever adjustment to environment. Self-perfection is the very denial of virtue. How can there be virtue if there is fear? Fear is of the mind and not of the heart. Fear hides itself under different forms: virtue, respectability, adjustment, service and so on. Fear will always exist in the relationships and activities of the mind. The mind is not separate from its activities; but it separates itself, thus giving itself continuity and permanence. As a child practises the piano, so the mind cunningly practises virtue to make itself more permanent and dominant in meeting life, or to attain what it considers to be the highest. There must be vulnerability to meet life, and not the respectable wall of self-enclosing virtue. The highest cannot be attained; there is no path, no mathematically progressive growth to it. Truth must come, you cannot go to truth, and your cultivated virtue will not carry you to it. What you attain is not truth, but your own self-projected desire; and in truth alone is there happiness.
The cunning adaptability of the mind in its own self-perpetuation sustains fear. It is this fear that must be deeply understood, not how to be virtuous. A petty mind may practise virtue, but it will still remain petty. Virtue is then an escape from its own pettiness, and the virtue it gathers will also be petty. If this pettiness is not understood, how can there be the experiencing of reality? How can a petty, virtuous mind be open to the immeasurable?
In comprehending the process of the mind, which is the self, virtue comes into being. Virtue is not accumulated resistance; it is the spontaneous awareness and the understanding of what is. Mind cannot understand; it may translate what is understood into action, but it is not capable of understanding. To understand, there must be the warmth of recognition and reception, which only the heart can give when the mind is silent. But the silence of the mind is not the result of cunning calculation. The desire for silence is the curse of achievement, with its endless conflicts and pains. The craving to be, negatively or positively, is the denial of virtue of the heart. Virtue is not conflict and achievement, prolonged practice and result, but a state of being which is not the outcome of self-projected desire. There is no being if there is a struggle to be. In the struggle to be there is resistance and denial, mortification and renunciation; but the overcoming of these is not virtue. Virtue is the tranquillity of freedom from the craving to be, and this tranquillity is of the heart, not of the mind. Through practice, compulsion, resistance, the mind may make itself quiet, but such a discipline destroys virtue of the heart, without which there is no peace, no blessing; for virtue of the heart is understanding.
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St. John Bosco (+1888) was a great father figure and educator, working especially with orphaned boys and young men, organizing schools and workshops to teach them trades and give them formation with guidance. These days a horrible war has been declared on boys and young men in common culture, which is riddled with the rot of a degrading type of feminism and, now, effeminacy among men in the form of homosexual traits. Pray to St. John Bosco in this time of need, especially that boys and men who have need of good and wholesome father figures may find them soon.
Deus, qui beatum Ioannem presbyterum
adulescentium patrem et magistrum excitasti,
concede, quaesumus, ut, eodem caritatis igne succensi,
animas quaerere tibique soli servire valeamus.
O God, who roused up blessed John the priest
as a father and teacher of young men,
grant, we beseech You, that we, enflamed with the same fire of charity,
may be able to seek after souls and to serve only You.
The word adulescens gets our attention. Just how old is an adulescens (which gives us our word “adolescent”)? The Roman vocabulary for the different ages of man was a bit fluid but as s a starting point we can consult the mighty Lewis & Short Dictionary under the voice aetas and get some help. Other entries for the specific words of age states also give varying information, but we will boil some of it down here before we get any older.
The polymath Varro divided the ages of man into pueritia, from birth to the 15th year, adulescentia, from that time to the 30th; iuventus, to the 45th; the age of seniores, to the 60th; and finally senectus, from that time until death.
Others make a different division, for example, until the age of 7, a boy would be a puer, in the state of pueritia (a girl being a puella). From 7 onward he would be an adulescens, in the state of adulescentia, until about 15 years. He remained an adulescens until at least 30, and in some reckoning as old as 40, when he became a iuvenis (juvenis in the L&S) in the state of iuventus (which is not just an Italian soccer team). At the age of about 65 a iuvenis became a senex, in the state of senectus. A woman would often be consider an “old woman” from about 40 onward, being called a senex or by the term “matron” or anus (fem.), either married or unmarried.
We might recall the so-called “seven ages of man” spoken by Jacques (“All the world’s a stage…” in Shakespeare’s As You Like It (Act II, vii) who broke it down into “infant”, childhood – “whining schooby”, adolescent – “lover”, young man – “soldier”, adult – “justice”, old man – “lean and slippered pantaloon”, second childhood of senility – “sans everything”.
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This book presents an overview of the technology that allows millions and millions of tons of municipal solid waste generated globally to be perceived as an asset which, after materials recovery for recycling, can be used to generate clean power, transport fuels that can substitute fossil fuels, and value-based chemicals with minimal environmental impact. It also explains how hazardous wastes and sewage sludge can be treated and disposed of without affecting human and environmental health. It does so by providing a full discussion of established thermal conversion technologies generating heat, electricity, liquid fuels and useful chemicals from solid waste. Featuring case studies describing worldwide waste-to-energy plants in successful operation, it offers highly suited supporting material for an introductory course on waste thermal conversion processes.
This text by Dr. Jayarama Reddy details the myriad technologies developed over the years to thermally process municipal solid waste (MSW) streams for power generation. It is an excellent assembly of the specifics of the numerous technologies developed and deployed for thermal conversion of MSW for power applications ranging from traditional combustion to advanced plasma and pyrolysis. [...] Engineers, designers, inventors and students would do well to closely examine and absorb the information provided to fully understand the intricacies and nuances associated with such a challenging subject as the thermal conversion of MSW for power applications. The information provided here should serve as a study guide for those interested in developing such systems to avoid the failures of the past.
Professor Marco J. Castaldi, Ph.
D., Department of Chemical Engineering & Director, Earth Engineering Center, City College, City University of New York, New York, NY
To view this DRM protected ebook on your desktop or laptop you will need to have Adobe Digital Editions installed. It is a free software. We also strongly recommend that you sign up for an AdobeID at the Adobe website. For more details please see FAQ 1&2. To view this ebook on an iPhone, iPad or Android mobile device you will need the Adobe Digital Editions app, or BlueFire Reader or Txtr app. These are free, too. For more details see this article.
|Size: ||31.8 MB|
|Publisher: ||CRC Press|
|Date published: || 2016|
|ISBN: ||9781498777049 (DRM-PDF)|
|Read Aloud: ||not allowed|
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Being in nature should be calming, amid chirping birds, buzzing bees, burbling brooks. But pollen, in a sneak attack, makes allergy sufferers erupt into a sneezing, watery-eyed mess. It’s not easy to predict when seasonal allergies will strike — but it’s a question researchers at Palo Alto-based startup doc.ai are tackling with their first data Read article >
The post An App for Sore AIs: Research App Seeks to Predict Seasonal Allergies appeared first on The Official NVIDIA Blog.
- View Press Release
- Visit NVIDIA Corporation
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I TUOI DATI
I TUOI ORDINI
N. prodotti: 0
Totale ordine: € 0,00
I TUOI ABBONAMENTI
I TUOI ARTICOLI
Rivista di Angiologia
Official Journal of the , the International Union of Phlebology and the
Indexed/Abstracted in: BIOSIS Previews, Current Contents/Clinical Medicine, EMBASE, PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Citation Index Expanded (SciSearch), Scopus
Impact Factor 0,899
International Angiology 2009 Febbraio;28(1):38-43
Short-term prediction of major lower-limb amputation based on clinical indicators on admission: a single institutional experience in a developing country
Seuc A. H., López M., Rodríguez L., Montequín J. F.
National Institute of Angiology and Vascular Surgery
Aim. The aim of this study was to analyze the possibility of predicting short-term major lower-limb amputation (SMLA) in patients with vascular diagnoses, based only on clinical variables measured on admission.
Methods. A longitudinal, retrospective cohort study of patients with peripheral vascular diagnoses admitted at our Institute was carried out. A stratified sample of 463 patients admitted during 1997, 2000 and 2003, was studied. Logistic regression was used to identify significant predictors of amputation; twelve clinical variables measured on admission were considered as potential predictors.
Results. Of the 463 patients, 93 (20%) were amputated. Significant predictors of amputation identified by the logistic regression analysis were “type of lesion” (none; neuro-infectious; ischemic; mixture), “initial diagnosis” (phlebolymphopathies, acute arterial insufficiency, chronic arterial insufficiency, diabetic foot, others), “plantar region lesion” (no; yes), “diabetes” (no; yes), “number of toes affected” (none; 1-2; 3 or more), and “area of leg affected” (none; lower third; + lower third). More than 80% of patients were correctly classified with the final model: sensitivity was 42% and specificity 96%.
Conclusion. It seems that SMLA in patients with vascular diagnoses can be predicted reasonably well using as predictors only clinical variables measured on admission. This is a potentially useful result for Angiology Services located in developing/poor communities. The amputation probability for each patient obtained from the logistic regression model can be used in several ways: 1) the medical care of patients can be customized so that the amputation rate of the whole Service can be reduced, and 2) the amputation probability of the statistical model can be used as an estimation of the severity of the disease in each patient, which in turn can be used to standardize the amputation rates computed on different years; this would allow a better assessment of the Institutional performance over time.
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| 0.900934
| 648
| 1.601563
| 2
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For 25 centuries, the animal stories which go by the name of Aesop’s Fables have amused and instructed generations of children and adults alike. They are still as fresh and poignant today as they were to the ancient Greeks who composed them. This beautifully illustrated edition contains some of the best-loved fables, including the Boy who cried Wolf, the Lion and the Mouse, the Goose that Laid the Golden Egg, the Hare and the Tortoise, and The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse alongside many of the lesser-known tales.These timeless stories are illustrated with 35 wood engravings by Agnes Miller Parker (1895-1980), one of the greatest British wood engraving artists of the twentieth century. Parker was influenced by the art of Wyndham Lewis and the Cubist and Vorticist movements which flourished in the period between the wars. Her distinctive work is strikingly stylised and deceptively simple. Commissioned in the 1930s by the fine press publisher, Gregynog Press, for their edition of the work, these exquisite wood engravings inspired by the fables are among Parker’s finest.
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fishmike sends this excerpt from a Reuters report: "Scientists have figured out how to stop brain cell death in mice with brain disease and say their discovery deepens understanding of the mechanisms of human neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. British researchers writing in the journal Nature (abstract) said they had found a major pathway leading to brain cell death in mice with prion disease, the mouse equivalent of Creutzfeld-Jacob Disease (CJD). ... Mallucci's team found that the buildup of mis-folded proteins in the brains of mice with prion disease activated a natural defense mechanism in cells, which switches off the production of new proteins. This would normally switch back on again, the researchers explained, but in these ill mice the continued build-up of misshapen proteins keeps the switch turned off. This is the trigger point leading to brain cell death, because key proteins essential for cell survival are not made. By injecting a protein that blocks the "off" switch, the scientists were able to restore the production of the survival proteins and halt the neurodegeneration."
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CitationBooth, Alan; Crouter, Ann C.; & Shanahan, Michael J. (1999). Transitions to Adulthood in a Changing Economy: No Work, No Family, No Future?. Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers.
AbstractIn recent years the factors influencing young people's transition to adulthood have become much more problematic. This edited collection of papers from Pennsylvania State University's fifth annual Family Symposium explores the main issues involved in this transition, such as the widening gap between rich and poor, downsizing, global competition, and technological change. These factors have made jobs scarce in many areas, especially inner cities, and have profoundly affected family formation, making cohabitation, delays in marriage and parenthood, and prolonged residence with parents, the life choices of many young adults. These and other issues are explored by scholars from a wide variety of disciplines, who focus on four main questions: alterations in the structure of opportunity, prior experiences in the family, prior experiences in the workplace, and career development and marriage formation.
Reference TypeEdited Book
Crouter, Ann C.
Shanahan, Michael J.
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Gravity-defying acrobats, mischievous clowns, bareback horse riders and thoughtful creative direction... Giffords Circus is a breath-taking spectacular of diverse talent. Originally homegrown in the Cotswolds, the circus now tours the country and is loved by British celebrities like Stella McCartney, Helena Bonham Carter and Lily Allen.
We’ve teamed up with the circus to create this fun paper craft to make at home – free to download now.
1. Cut out all of the pieces and along the slits.
2. Use glue to stick the large pieces together (as shown by the glue tabs).
3. For Tweedy the Clown’s wheel, the Platform Base and the Hula Hoops, bend into a circle shape and glue into place.
4. For everything else, slot together as shown in the photos.
- For Tweedy the Clown, fold his body and legs along the dashed lines and stick his hands and feet inside the wheel.
- For the dog, fold the tab backwards to make a stand to balance on the platform.
- Balance the acrobat in different positions on the horse.
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Source: Data Center Dynamics, 8 February 2017
A new name for the local hub
The Singapore Data Center Park will henceforth be known as Tanjong Kling, DCD can confirm.
Khoong Hock Yun, the assistant chief executive of development at the Infocomm Media Development Authority (IMDA), told DCD that the name was selected for ease of association, given that the land there is currently part of the Tanjong Kling industrial land.
jurong lake district
Source: Singapore Government
Data center hub
The Singapore Data Center Park was first announced in 2011 to entice multinationals and enterprises to set up their headquarters and data center operations here. Given the status of Singapore as a data center hub, the project had attracted much interest and was the subject of many conversations over the years.
Development proceeded at a snail’s pace though, and plans to establish a dedicated power and chilled water plant were never realized. Telin Singapore became the first tenant with the launch of its Telin-3 data center late last year, and obtains its power from a pair of new substations dedicated to Tanjong Kling.
Various data center executives we spoke to over the years and for this report offered various opinions as to why Tanjong Kling was slow to gain traction. For one, an on-site power plant only makes economic sense if excess power can be sold back to the electrical grid, adding a regulatory spin on top of already tricky commercial considerations for a shared power plant.
Other issues include a perceived inability to differentiate from competitors just down the road, and a less-than-precise fit in terms of schedules and requirements. The biggest factor may be one of timeliness though. The delays meant that some operators who may have been amenable to setting up at Tanjong Kling had to drop it off their shortlist.
Here is a list of some recent greenfield data centers that passed on Tanjong Kling.
- The Cloudspace II data center by pre-acquisition Pacnet was announced in 2013 and launched in 2014.
- Equinix’s SG3 was announced in 2013, and launched in 2015.
- 1-Net’s 1-Net North was announced in 2014 and commenced operations in 2016.
- Singtel’s DC West was announced in 2015 and commenced operations at the end of 2016.
- Singapore Technologies Telemedia’s (ST Telemedia) Singapore flagship data centre was announced in 2015 and commenced operations in 2016.
Have the objectives behind the establishing of Tanjong Kling changed? Khoong acknowledged that data center operators have different requirements, though he asserted that the team remains open to incorporating infrastructure to support operators.
“[We are] cognizant that prospective data center operators may have differing needs and requirements. Where there is collective and substantive demand, and is economically viable to establish the requisite infrastructure, we are amenable to incorporate other applicable infrastructure that will benefit the data centers and the ecosystem,” he said.
Open for business
So why should new operators consider Tanjong Kling for their new facilities today? Khoong pointed to its ready-built infrastructure such as the dedicated substations for delivering power with minimal transmission losses, as well as the prebuilt fiber ducts and man-holes to ease the deployment and service provisioning of fiber networks to data centers.
In a separate report on the Singapore data center market last month, we noted that “there is certainly no shortage of land to establish new data centers.” He took issue with this characterization, and said: “Land in Singapore is a valuable asset. The Singapore government consistently adopts a balanced approach in the allocation of land for DC operations. Such allocation will take into account the overall needs and economic contributions of data centers, and other non-ICT sectors.”
Khoong also clarified that while up to eight data centers can be built at Tanjong Kling, the actual number of buildings will ultimately depend on the operating needs and configurations of prospective data center operators.
“Tanjong Kling offers essential on-site infrastructure that benefits the operators setting up data centers there. Such infrastructure aims to help the data center operators get to market quickly and reduce overall capital expenditure and operating costs through the economies of scale provided by Tanjong Kling,” he said.
Despite its slow start, there is no question that Tanjong Kling is now fully operational. And it is also attracting a high level of interest, says Khoong.
“Tanjong Kling, a project by Infocomm Media Development Authority of Singapore (IMDA), Economic Development Board (EDB) and JTC Corporation, continues to attract a high level of interest from operators keen to set up data center operations in Singapore. Tanjong Kling’s strengths, such as pre-provisioned on-site infrastructure, remains a strong pull,” he said.
Ironically, the cluster of data centers now established in the western part of Singapore – many located within sight of Tanjong Kling, underscores that the location is ideal for data centers. Even Google’s two adjacent data centers are located in Jurong West, with the second facility expected to come online in the first half of this year.
For now, the market response remains to be seen. In response to a media query, Asher Ling, the COO of Kingsland Data Center – located right next to Tanjong Kling – said: “Standing on the roof of [Kingsland Data Center], I have seen over the past few years how the Government has invested in building up the power sub-stations, roads and utilities [for Tanjong Kling]. Now that the infrastructure is in place, it would be very interesting to observe the take up rate.”
Note: This report was updated on 16 February 2017 with an updated quote from Asher Ling.
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Indian Astrology Portal
Indian Horoscope Forecast - Astrology House Prediction
What is Astrology and House Forecast
Indian house astrology is based on Hindu Vedic astrology, by which to analyze and predict every aspect of life. Life's any event can be calculated and predicted from position of 12 houses, 12 zodiac signs, 27 constellations and nine planets in a astrological horoscope. Three planets Uranus, Neptune, Pluto have influence on life, according new aspects of western astrology. An astrology horoscope is based on three inputs, exact birth location, time of birth and date of birth.
Astrology House Prediction - Learn Astrology Horoscope - Astrology House Forecast
Birth Chart Astrology Forecast of Houses
1st Horoscope House Forecast (Ascendant) :
First birth chart house is most important element of a horoscope. From this astrologer can predict about body, color, physical outlook, mind status, attitude, age, birth marks, grand mother, awareness, maternal grand father, health, wealth, destiny of children, sorrow, rights, knowledge level, type of work, sleep, fame, destiny, nature and every aspect of life. It represents prediction of head and face and self. This is the most important place to knowing every aspect or forecast of life. Any planet in the first house will gives traits of the sign that this planet rules. This is corresponds to the sign Aries.
2nd Horoscope House Forecast :
Second house forecast are about Wealth and money balance, financial status and relations within family. It tells prediction of right eye, throat, teeth and speech, wisdom, family, nails, tongue, clothes, friendship, form of business, eating and drinking habits, meal, beauty of face, profit and loss, partner's health aspect and earnings. It tells prediction of sense of self-worth. Second house called bank or money house. This is corresponds to the Taurus.
3rd Horoscope House Forecast :
Third house tells forecast of braveness, courage and risk quality. This horoscope house tells about younger brother and sister. It tells prediction of arms, shoulders and right ear, legs, capability, heaven, hobby, great work, religion, servant, ambitious, signature, friendship, and luck of life partner. It shows style of communications, short journeys. This birth chart house corresponds to the Gemini.
4th Horoscope House Forecast :
Fourth house prediction are about mother and own home, vehicles, feelings and public relations. It tells forecast of chest, lungs and heart, mother health condition, home condition, hidden money, water, people, own property, peace, home happiness, ability of work, dignity, father-in-law and blood. Mind status can be predicted from it. This home corresponds to the sign Cancer.
5th Horoscope House Forecast :
Fifth house tells prediction of education and skill level, about children and love life. Other forecast of the home are intelligence, spirituality and God of native. It tells forecast of stomach, liver, wisdom, art, good news, wealth of father, determination power, news writing skill, belly, prosperity, luck, donation, devotions, study, lottery, writing skills, children status and talent. It tells prediction about way of earning, recitation of chant, post of minister and musical instruments. This home corresponds to the Leo, sign of romance, creativity, children, sports.
6th Horoscope House Forecast :
Sixth house prediction are about enemies, illness and diseases and health related. From this horoscope house, forecast can be make about debts and losses or loan and loan conditions. The other forecast to look for here are work and service, both given and received. This is not career but rather style and quality of work. It tells prediction of ill habits, injury, dispute, cough, madness, wound, mental harassment, loan, servant, dispute from brothers, maternal uncle and uncle, theft, waist, cheating and fighting. This birth chart house corresponds to the Virgo.
7th Astrology House Prediction :
Seventh birth chart house is about spouse or husband, relations with life partner, second child, business and partnership and sexual organs. 7th place tells prediction about life partner's color, attitude and beauty. Prediction can be make about ability, self, partner's interest and joy from life partner. It represents forecast of court cases, music, eating habits, urine concern, bravery, victory, nephew, marriage and status of business. It is corresponds to the Libra.
8th Astrology House Prediction :
Eighth house shows prediction of diseases, age concern, unexpected gain or loss. Other forecast are, about wealth and speech of life partner. 8th house tells predictions of the effect of social rules. Eight home rules on lottery, other people's money, hidden money, sea traveling, money of life partner, defeat, enemy of brother, fear, loan concern, sin, sorrows, tension and bad habits. It is corresponds to the Scorpio.
9th Astrology House Prediction :
Ninths house forecast is about destiny, luck, foreign traveling, faith in devotion and father. Other prediction of this horoscope house are about higher education and past life. The Ninths home rules on long journeys, higher education, journey of holly places, devotion in God, worship of deity, prosperity, luck factor, vehicles, children, wealth of father, religion (or the lack of it), philosophy, donation, luck, grand son, brother-in-law and tourism. This home corresponds to Sagittarius.
10th Astrology House Prediction :
Tenth house tells prediction about father and his attitude, professional life of native, business status, politics, job and fame, ability, merits, dignity, prestige, power, rights and rank. This home indicates prediction of Karma (Action) and discipline in life. It tells forecast about knees in body. From this, forecast can be make about position in business or job and sources of earnings and about mother-in-law. Prediction about ego, anger, ability in play, fame, wealth, older person, chant, tantra, ownership, teaching and ability to rule on others tells in the concern. This is corresponds to the Capricorn.
11th Astrology House Prediction :
Eleventh house tells forecast of gains, income, losses, type of income, way of earnings and about elder brother, sister and relation with them. Sources of income can predict from examine this. Also, traditionally assigned to friends, hopes, and wishes. It tells prediction of son-in-law, friends, uncle, worship of God, ability to earn, interest, minister post, cooking, drawing ability, left hand and left ear. Eleventh corresponds with the Aquarius.
12th Astrology House Prediction :
Twelfth house forecast explain about expenditure, losses, loan, bad habits, debts, foreign travels and rebirth (regeneration). It tells prediction of legs, left eye and sleep order or disorder, mental sorrows, fear from enemy, loan concern, heaven, wound, friendship, divorce, expenses, anger, psychological problems and hidden enemies. This home corresponds with the Pisces, sign of intuition, compassion and dreams.
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Today, we’re looking at letting go of control, specifically if you’re a mother. Because there is a unique kind of control that a lot of mothers–myself included–display. And while it’s understandable why we seek this level of control, it’s also not helping anyone. So let’s see what we can do to loosen our grip.
And if you’re a father, or of any gender and not yet a parent but thinking about it, or you’re definitely not interested in becoming a parent but wanting to get more insight in to your own mom or the friends and loved ones in your life who are mothers, you’ll get something out of this too…so don’t automatically skip to the next episode!
You’re reading the transcript of an episode of the How to Be a Better Person podcast. If you’d rather listen, click the play button below.
Listen to the Podcast Here
Raise your hand if you’ve ever judged someone else for the way they took care of your kid
Maybe it’s your baby’s daddy, or a babysitter, or family member. I mean, it’s pretty common. They didn’t wash the baby’s ears right, or they messed up the bedtime routine, or they fed your kids some very suspect foods.
And now raise your hand if you identify as a mother and have felt like you do way more of the caregiving and family admin work than your partner. Also, pretty common.
Could there be a link between these two things? Why yes, yes there is. It’s called maternal gatekeeping. And it is something that I can look back and see that I adopted with gusto when my kids were babies. And, now that they’re 12 and 14, I’m really only beginning to see clearly and undo.
There’s some fascinating sociology around maternal gatekeeping.
First, there’s the belief that women are biologically more nurturing than men. Which, I mean, there’s breastfeeding, which is absolutely nurturing and something that only humans with breasts can do. And moms do seem to have a radar that makes them highly attuned to their babies cries, to the point that they’ll wake up at the slightest little coo while it seems like the dad will stay sleeping through even a major bout of fussiness.
But really, science has shown that men’s hormones change dramatically when an infant comes into their lives. They are perfectly biologically capable of becoming attuned to a baby and to parenting. It is true that fathers’ style of nurturing might be different than mothers’. But if you’re judging your male partner’s parenting as inferior to yourself, well, science suggests that that can become a self-fulfilling prophecy.
Researchers at Ohio State University found fathers did not perform as well as a parent to their 9-month-old child if they felt their partner was critical of their parenting skills six months earlier.
So, my fellow mothers, let’s just own the fact that our judgment of our partners’ parenting styles can be contributing to our feeling like the majority of caregiving falls to us.
I get that this is a controversial stance to take. There have been thousands of articles talking about how women do more of the caregiving in families, and they also do more of the emotional labor and life admin than men, and while the imbalance can be absolutely real, it’s not as simple as saying, oh, it’s because men are checked out, or don’t care, or aren’t biologically nurturing.
Mothers are playing a role.
In my work as a ghostwriter I am helping a client write a book on the benefits of 50-50 parenting
Or the practice of awarding evenly split custody in court in the event of divorce or for parents who were never married. As part of my work on this book I’ve been researching maternal gatekeeping and it has opened my eyes to how I’ve contributed to feeling like more of the work of raising kids has fallen to me. I always insisted on being the one to put our first baby to sleep–both because I was breastfeeding and it was a great way to lull her to sleep, but also because I thought my husband didn’t do it right.
And Lord I knocked myself out! I still can’t look at an exercise ball, because I would sit on that and bounce her to sleep for what felt like hours. And then I would try to sneak out of the room after I finally put her down and she would wake up and I would start all over again!
I did change my tune once we had our second child–my husband always put him to bed, and he went down like a sack of potatoes. But even then, I was still very embroiled in bedtime with our first child.
Fast forward to the pandemic,
When having the kids at home all day every day made it very clear that my putting myself at the front of the line for everything the kids needed was unsustainable.
To be clear, this is not about me blaming myself. It’s about me owning my piece of things; there are many other pieces. For me, having a classic latch key childhood with Boomer parents who were off discovering themselves, and then me having my kids when I was almost 40, I think made me want to lavish my kids with attention.
There are also many contributing factors that happen at the societal level
Maternal gatekeeping goes hand in hand with what’s known as intensive parenting, or helicopter parenting, or snowplow parenting, all different names for a phenomenon that’s been with us since the early 90s where we are spending so much more time with kids and micromanaging so much of their experience than at any other time in history.
There are all kinds of reasons for the popularity of intensive mothering. I’ve been fascinated to learn that the late 80s, when the number of women and mothers in the workforce reached a peak, also just happened to coincide with the idea that parents, especially mothers, needed to devote themselves entirely to their kids. This was also the beginning of the rise of the family values of the Reagan era, when things like public schools and day care had their funding slashed, and individual families were left to figure out how to provide all the care their kids needed and still be able to work.
Also, as working mothers were enjoying a rise in earning power, they also had to pay a price for trying to have it all–and that was to be a super mom who was all up in her kids’ lives.
So while maternal gatekeeping is understandable, it is also changeable.
On an individual level maternal gatekeeping is about control
And it makes sense–if you’re being judged for how well you’re doing something, then you’re not going to want to let someone else–even the child’s father–muck it up for you!
How can you nudge yourself to let go of some control on the mothering front?
Letting go of control, as a mother, means also letting go of caring about what anyone else thinks about how you’re doing as a parent, and remembering your inherent worth as a human being, and embracing being a good enough mother instead of an impeccable mother.
Force yourself to learn how to tolerate not having a pristinely tidy home. I know this is hard because it’s easy to feel embarrassed about having any level of messy house. But let’s also accept that there are no housekeeping police. Friends who are worth having will see your imperfectly clean home and feel relief. My husband does the dishes every night and he thinks the kitchen looks great when the dishes are in the dishwasher and the leftovers are put away and the pots are soaking in the sink. That means the counters aren’t wiped, and you know what? I learned to be OK with that and it made me a lot happier than being pissed at him or nagging him or squabbling with him about it. It’s good enough.
Don’t insert yourself where you don’t need to be inserted
Delegate and let the chips fall where they may. Things not working out are a great way to learn. Just because you can, doesn’t mean you should.
Don’t gate-keep your kids, either. Maternal gatekeeping doesn’t apply just to partners, but also to kids themselves. We can gate-keep our kids right out of developing autonomy. Can you let them dress themselves? Make their own lunches? Do their own laundry? Bathe themselves? As developmentally appropriate, of course, I’m saying to neglect them. But have you seen the show Old Enough on Netflix? It’s a Japanese reality show that follows what feels like impossibly young children running all kinds of errands–the first episodes shows a 2 year old going to the grocery store almost a mile away! I’m sure there are more things the kids could be doing for themselves, if only you can let go of the idea that you have to do it for them.
Daily Tiny Assignment
Your tiny assignment is just to be honest with yourself–are you holding fast to control inside your nuclear family? Are you one of the millions of mothers who are exhibiting some level of maternal gatekeeping? Can you look for ways that you can take a backseat, and be OK not just with other people doing some of the work to raise your kids, but also be OK with how they do that work?
Just keep your eyes, ears, and heart open to ways that you may have been blocking the gate to your partner or your kids, and see what you can do to step aside. Maybe even open the gate. I trust your maternal instincts to know when it’s something you0000 really need to be involved with, versus when it’s just really not.
Let’s not make it so that you have to get divorced in order to experience a more equitable shared parenting relationship.
I’ve got a lot of fun topics planned, including body acceptance, spending, vacation, 5 powerhouse foods you probably need to eat more of, planet-friendly shopping, and finding a therapist. I’m not exactly sure which one of those will be running next week, so you’ll just have to come back to find out! And if you have an idea for something you’d like to hear more about, or really any kind of question, I always love to hear from you. Shoot me an email at firstname.lastname@example.org.
Take care and have a great weekend!
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HYDERABAD: To cut down on energy use, save money and make an impact on the environment, architects across the city are embracing green as their new way of life.
While there is awareness on the importance of environmentally responsible and resource-efficient way of living, experts believe that it is much more important to promote a healthy environment, which does not disrupt the natural resources around us.
“We need environmentally responsible and resourceefficient green buildings for a sustainable tomorrow. It’s time we encourage architects focused on designing green buildings,” said Akash Srivatsav, environmental activist.
“By adopting greener practices, we can take maximum advantage of environmental and economic performance,” an architect at Indian Green Building Council (IGBC) said.
In Hyderabad, the sustainable movement has gathered pace after the sector started focusing on affordable homes for ordinary citizens. In the current scenario, affordable homes in the range of Rs 20-30 lakh are the most sought after. IGBC is pioneering the concept since the setting up of the first platinum-rated green building — the CII Green Building Centre in the IT hub — in 2003 in Hyderabad. Presently, IGBC certifies over 500 green building projects in Hyderabad and the demand is set to double in the coming years.
“This growth has been possible with the participation of all stakeholders in the green building movement,” said Mohd Rasool, an architect.
To address this growing industry and government interest, housing companies are in the process of evolving norms for affordable homes and a specific rating system. In days to come, most architects, builders and developers plan to rebuild homes and make certain green changes to every home and ensure that they can create a sustainable lifestyle.
“By making few small changes one can cut down on energy usage, save money, and make a big impact on the environment,” Rassol said.
The Maharashtra Real Estate Regulatory Authority (MahaRERA) has declared 4,555 realty projects as "lapsed". In the first phase, MahaRERA will issue notices to developers registered with various developers' bodies, followed by those nearing construction.
The 1.2 million square feet "Ambience Mall" in the posh southern district of India's capital has been put up for auction as its current owner, the Ambience Group, has not paid debt of $149 million to Indiabulls Housing Finance and other creditors, according to a previously unreported public auction notice.
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Plans > Recreational Trails Plan
In June 1999, Alaska enacted a landowner liability law that extended liability protection to landowners who establish trail easements across their property for recreation purposes. The act also extended protection to the public holders of those easements. The act as passed appears below: Alaska Statutes Section 34.17.055. Tort immunity from personal injuries or death arising out of the use of land subject to a conservation easement.
(a) In addition to the immunity provided by AS 09.65.200, an owner of land, a portion of which is subject to a conservation easement that is 50 feet or less in width, that has been granted to and accepted by the state or a municipality, and that provides public access for recreational purposes on the land subject to the conservation easement is not liable in tort, except for an act or omission that constitutes gross negligence or reckless or intentional misconduct, for damages to a person who uses the easement to enter onto or remain on the land if (1) the person had no responsibility to compensate the owner for the person's use of the easement or the land; and (2) the damages arise out of the person's use of the easement for recreational purposes on the land. (b) The immunity under (a) of this section extends to the grantee of the conservation easement providing public access to the land for recreational purposes.
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AT&T Embraces Canonical's Ubuntu Linux
Linux continues to make inroads into big carrier networks.
Linux is no stranger to large carriers, as it has been used by many for various parts of their infrastructure over the years. AT&T announced on January 13 that it has selected Ubuntu Linux to help enable cloud and enterprise applications.
Financial terms of the partnership are not being publicly disclosed. Though the formal announcement is just now being made, Canonical, the lead commercial sponsor behind Ubuntu Linux, is well known in the OpenStack cloud world as the leading Linux distribution for deployment. AT&T is also active with OpenStack and is a member of the OpenStack Foundation and active participant in its developments.
"Ubuntu is the Operating System of the Cloud, and this relationship allows us to bring our engineering expertise around Ubuntu, cloud and open source to AT&T," John Zannos, Vice President, Cloud Alliances and Business Development at Canonical, said in a statement.
For its part, Canonical has been increasingly active in the carrier space in recent years, helping to enable both equipment vendors and service providers. In March of 2015, Canonical announced a three-year partnership with Ericsson. Similar to the AT&T deal, the partnership is about OpenStack cloud-related activities.
Additionally, Canonical is working with networking vendor Juniper. The Juniper partnership encompasses the Contrail Software Defined Networking (SDN) as part of an effort to build a Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) cloud platform based on OpenStack.
Networking-related efforts overall within OpenStack have been an area of growth for the open-source cloud platform. At the recent OpenStack Tokyo summit, the OpenStack Foundation identified the OpenStack Neutron networking project as being the most active during the platform's Liberty release cycle.
For AT&T, embracing OpenStack and Ubuntu is all about enabling a more agile infrastructure.
"We're reinventing how we scale by becoming simpler and modular, similar to how applications have evolved in cloud data centers," Toby Ford, Assistant Vice President of Cloud Technology, Strategy and Planning at AT&T, said in a statement. "Open source and OpenStack innovations represent a unique opportunity to meet these requirements, and Canonical’s cloud and open source expertise make them a good choice for AT&T.”
Sean Michael Kerner is a senior editor at Enterprise Networking Planet and InternetNews.com. Follow him on Twitter @TechJournalist.
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The most important investigation of genetic science since The Selfish Gene, from the author of the critically acclaimed and best-selling The Red Queen and The Origins of Virtue.
The genome is our 100,000 or so genes. The genome is the collective recipe for the building and running of the human body.
These 100,000 genes are sited across 23 pairs of chromosomes.
Genome, a book of about 100,000 words, is divided into 23 chapters, a chapter for each chromosome.
The first chromosome, for example, contains our oldest genes, genes which we have in common with plants.
By looking at our genes we can see the story of our evolution, what makes us individual, how our sexuality is determined, how we acquire language, why we are vunerable to certain diseases, how mind has arisen.
Genome also argues for the genetic foundations of free will.
While many believe that genetics proves biological determinism, Ridley will show that in fact free will is itself in the genes.
Everything that makes us human can be read in our genes.
Early in the next century we will have determined the function of every one of these 100,000 genes.
- Format: Paperback
- Pages: 352 pages
- Publisher: HarperCollins Publishers
- Publication Date: 16/03/2000
- Category: Western philosophy, from c 1900 -
- ISBN: 9781857028355
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In the race to digitize the healthcare industry, providers, insurers and others in the multi-layered ecosystem have failed to take some of the most basic steps to protect consumers' sensitive health information, a senior government official is warning.
Servio Medina, acting COO at the Defense Health Agency's policy branch, cautioned during a recent presentation that too many healthcare breaches are the product of basic mistakes, ignorance or employee negligence.
"These are things that could be prevented," Medina said. "Today's training and awareness efforts that we provide currently are simply not effective. They are not enough. We have to do something radically more and different."
Human element puts healthcare data at risk
Medina is arguing for a more concerted effort to address what he refers to as "the human element" of the healthcare data breach, citing a Defense Department memo issued last September that called attention to the need to improve what it called the "cybersecurity culture" at the Pentagon.
"Nearly all past successful network penetrations can be traced to one or more human errors that allowed the adversary to gain access to and, in some cases, exploit mission-critical information," Defense Secretary Ash Carter and Martin Dempsey, then the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, wrote in the memo. "Raising the level of individual human performance in cybersecurity provides tremendous leverage in defending the [DoD's networks]."
Medina's agency, which sits at the intersection of the military and healthcare and arenas, presents a target-rich environment for cyber criminals and other groups of digital adversaries. But the health sector in general has become a favorite target of hackers for a rather logical reason.
"The healthcare record is an incredibly valuable source of information," Medina said. "There's so much information in the healthcare record. It's not just a Social Security number. It's not just a bank account. It's not just PII like your home address or PHI like your diagnosis. It's all of it rolled together."
[ Related: Big data essential to cancer moonshot ]
Medina cited a recent study by the Ponemon Institute that noted an alarming spike in attacks on healthcare organizations, finding that, for the first time, criminal activity accounted for more health-data breaches than any other cause.
Since 2010, the volume of criminal attacks on healthcare outfits has jumped by 125 percent, according to Ponemon, which also reported that 91 percent of all healthcare organizations have been hit by at least one data breach.
While criminal activity is now the leading cause of those attacks, "employee negligence and lost/stolen devices continue to be primary causes of data breaches," Larry Ponemon, chairman and founder of the institute, said in a statement.
Better cyber hygiene
In his call for better cyber hygiene, Medina draws a very analog parallel. In 2007, Johns Hopkins Hospital launched an awareness campaign aimed at encouraging employees to regularly wash their hands, highlighting the degree to which proper hand hygiene can reduce infection rates and the spread of diseases.
Medina would like to see a similar campaign in cyber, one that would call attention to the risks of clicking on unfamiliar links or opening attachments, leaving physical devices lying around or accessing work documents through a personal email account.
"These are examples of things that are so simple not to do," Medina said. "I'm certainly not saying that if we wash our hands we will prevent the spread of infection, nor am I saying that we can eliminate risk, but we certainly have the responsibility to reduce how much we contribute to the risk of information."
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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Effects of illuminance, luminance, viewing angle, and screen test pattern on the perception of flicker in CRT displays
MetadataShow full item record
Twenty participants viewed a CRT at different viewing angles, under different levels of illuminance and luminance, and with different screen test patterns. Two of the conditions matched conditions specified in the ANSIIHFS 100-1988 standard, while the remaining conditions represented additional levels of illuminance, luminance, and a different screen test pattern. For each condition, the display's refresh rate was manipulated in ascending and descending trials to determine the critical flicker frequency (CFF); the threshold point at which flicker was first noticeable (or not noticeable).
An Analysis of Variance and post-hoc Newman-Keuls analyses were calculated to determine the significant effects on the CFF. The CFF values were higher with the higher illuminance and luminance values, and with the white screen viewed in the periphery. When compared with conditions specified in the ANSI/HFS 100-1988 standard, the additional levels of illuminance, luminance, and screen test pattern examined in this study are more representative of actual usage conditions and resulted in higher CFF values. Based on these results, it is concluded that the flicker evaluation procedure in the ANSIIHFS 100-1988 standard does not ensure flicker-free CRT viewing under typical office environment conditions. An alternative flicker evaluation procedure is proposed.
- Masters Theses
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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en
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Impersonal knowledge : a criticism of subjectivism in epistemology.
Two approaches in epistemology are contrasted. The first,
more usual, approach treats human knowledge as a system of
subjective or psychological entities. Many of the distinctive
problems of philosophy ar. shown to stem from this initially
plausible approach to knowledge. According to the traditional
conception of knowledge, it is a special sort of belief, proven
or justified belief. This first approach to knowledge leads to
subjective theories of truth and of logic, which ar. here
criticized. It is argued that the truth or falsehood of a. piece
of knowledge, end its logical relations with other pieces of
knowledge, are objective, that is, they are independent of any
psychological facts about any knower or believer of that piece of
Because of the objectivity of truth and of logic, it becomes
possible to approach knowledge in a non-subjective way, and to
treat it as a system of objective or non-psychological entities.
Within this approach, knowledge is regarded a. consisting of
objective contents, which ar. distinguished from psychological
acts, such as believing or knowing, which are directed towards
these contents. Several properties and relationships of
objective knowledge are contrasted with psychological properties
and relationships of subjective knowledge. Doctrines which rest
upon the confusion of these two distinct realms are criticized.
The traditional idea of knowledge as justified belief is shown
to rest upon a conflation of problems concerning subjective
aspects of knowing and problems concerning objective aspects
of what is known.
Finally, recognition of the objective aspect. of our
knowledge is essential to the practice of mutual criticism
in sciences it is argued that the objectivity of science
consists in this critical debate about objective aspects of
scientific knowledge, rather than in any special psychological
objectivity or impartiality or detachment on the part of
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CC-MAIN-2017-04
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http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241652
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en
| 0.924611
| 401
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| 3
|
What is it about? There is an overlap in coaching and mentoring however there are some distinct differences in the process and required outcomes.
- Both aim for the individual to increase his or her effectiveness and apply it to the tasks at hand in a positive manner
- Both encourage stretch and provide support and challenge in pursuit of this
- Both assume some understanding of the Director context – the issues and concerns of Directors and the purpose and responsibility of Directorship
- Both focus on learning and development – sometimes defined as nominating coaching from a skill-base and mentoring from an experience-base
- Both can include career guidance to review career goals and capabilities or a focus on the future of the business being driven by you
- Both involve an exchange of life and career experiences.
- Both are collaborative alliances between client and mentor or coach.
Given this, we offer you these definitions for your information.
Coaching is focussed on addressing specific development needs. Often these are oriented around skill-sets. Coaching can also include the development of coaching as a leadership style.
Mentoring, on the other hand, provides guidance and direction in how to think about business issues, and career direction by using an exchange of experiences and scenarios that look at issues strategically.
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CC-MAIN-2022-33
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https://champsunlimited.com/coaching-and-mentoring/
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en
| 0.973177
| 256
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| 2
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“How do we connect with our Divine Self, and then stay connected?”, The Speaking Tree
First, I’m going to change the phrase to “True Self,” because if we say “Divine Self”, it implies that there is a “non-divine self,” as in this part of me is my divine self, and this part of me is my non-divine self. What we have is a True Self and a non-true self. The non-true self is the stuff that most of us actually identify as: our name, our ages, where we’re from, the color of our skin, our bank accounts, our careers, our titles, all of that stuff that we identify as self but actually isn’t. The reason that we know it isn’t truly Self is because is because it keeps changing.
The example that I always give about this is: if you’re driving down the freeway and someone calls you on the phone and says, “Who are you?” and you say, “I’m Exit 30,” they will say, “No, I didn’t say where are you, I said who are you?” So then you say, “I told you, I’m Exit 30, but actually now I’m almost Exit 31.” They would think that either you couldn’t hear them or that you had gone absolutely crazy. We understand intuitively that Exit 30 or 31 is simply the intersection of time and space that our vehicle is at. It’s true, it’s not a lie that that’s where we are, but it’s not who we are.
If I say to you that I am 45, female, white, American, and a sanyasi, well that’s all true, none of it is a lie, and yet, it’s what we’ll call the lowercase-t true. It’s true at this exact intersection of time and space. It’s not the capital-T Truth, it’s just telling you the story of my vehicle and where it happens to be right at this intersection of time and space. But our True Self is the Divine, the True Self is the essence. This body is just the container. So, when we connect with our True Self, what we have to do is sink beneath the container. If we’re stuck on the container, we’re not going to get to essence.
If I pick a glass up and I spend all my time at marveling how beautiful or ugly or solid or soft it is, it’s not going to quench my thirst. In order to do that, I actually have to drink what’s inside. The same is true about our vehicles. There’s nothing wrong with admiring the beauty of the glass, it just doesn’t do anything for my thirst. So, there’s nothing wrong with paying attention to our vehicles – we’ve only got one, and it’s a temple. If who we are is the Divine and the Divine lives in this vehicle, it means the vehicle is a temple. We have to care for it, we have to worship it, we have to take as much care of it as we take care of our churches, our synagogues, our mosques, and wherever the Divine resides.
And yet, we don’t confuse form for content, we don’t confuse packaging for essence.
Our True Self is the essence, is that spirit. There are so many ways to connect with it. One simple and easy way is through a practice called “neti, neti,” which means, “not this, not this.” We begin literally by saying, “I am not my orange saree, I am not my skin, I am not my bones…” Should anyone doubt that, the reason that we know that is true is because my skin keeps sloughing off, I get new skin every day, but “I” is still there. My bones break, but I’m still there. So, I’m not my blood – I could get a blood transfusion, donate blood, but I’m still there. I’m not my organs – I could get a transplant of one of those, but I’m still here. We then go deeper and deeper, recognizing that all of the parts of our body actually slough off and regenerate over a period of years. After every eight or nine years, you are brand new! If there is anything that you are holding onto that happened eight or nine years ago, it did not happen to you! That of course doesn’t make it right, doesn’t make it OK, but it didn’t happen to you.
So, we go through that and then we get a little bit deeper, and we say, “Well, I’m also not my emotions, I’m not my anger.” The reason I know that is I’m not always angry. I may be angry way too frequently but I’m not always angry. When I’m angry, I don’t cease to exist. “I’m not my depression.” I wasn’t always depressed. There are moments in which I’m not depressed, but I don’t cease to exist. I’m not even my thoughts because there’s a very small space in between my thoughts, and in that space, I don’t evaporate. If I did, if I were my thoughts and I ceased to exist even momentarily in between my thoughts, who would have the next thought?
So, we go slowly as deep as we can until there’s really nothing else to remove. If you do that in a very meditative place and you allow yourself to just sit there after peeling layer after layer, what you find is that there’s this beautiful stillness, this beautiful experience. Then, maybe something else will come to you: “I’m the child of an alcoholic.” Well, no, because that child is not who I am any more, my body has literally complete regenerated its cells since I was that child, and if you believe in past lives, it wasn’t true in my last birth.
So, we can remove everything that we identify with until we get into what the Buddhists speak about as nothingness and the Hindus speak of as everythingness, but it’s the same place. If I’ve got a jar of air and I break my jar, what do I have? On the one hand, you could say you no longer have your air, because you had this glass of air and it broke, that you have nothing now. On the other hand, you could say well, all I did was lose that dividing line between my cup of air and all of the air, so now actually I have all of the air instead of none of the air. Neither is right, neither is wrong, they are just two ways of looking at it, but you’ll recognize that they actually take us to exactly the same place. We all agree that we’re left with just air. And that’s the truth of who you are.
The last piece of how we can stay connected to that is just in remembrance. There’s no magic unfortunately. It would be really nice if you could get a Nicotine Patch-like patch, that every time you forgot, the patch would remind you, and you would somehow just get this infusion of remembrance and awakening. But we don’t have one. What it is is just practice, in the same way that when our mind wanders in meditation we just bring it back. When you start meditating, you find that your mind wanders more than it’s still and your meditation feels like you do nothing but keep bringing your mind back, but then slowly the spaces in between having to bring the mind back lengthen and it stays. You’re able to catch it faster and bring it back faster, and slowly you’re able to accumulate lots of consecutive moments of being there. This is what it’s like living within our True Self. It’s just about remembrance, coming back. A mantra is a great life raft to bring us back. Our breath is a great life raft to bring us back. They’re just techniques to bring us out of where we’ve gone and back into who we are. And slowly, slowly, you keep living as that.
The last piece of this though is just to remember not to berate yourself, because in this consciousness and acceptance of the invitation to live in that consciousness, to join and connect, to live with love and live with connection, it’s very important not to leave ourselves out of the equation. Many of us are very comfortable with connection, compassion, love, forgiveness, and seeing the Divine in all as a practice, as long as it relates to everyone other than ourselves. It becomes very difficult when we have to turn it back inward. Often what we get is, “Oh my God, you are so stupid, look at that, you forgot to be compassionate again.” So, where’s my compassion for myself? Here I am berating myself for not being compassionate to another, and that irony kills a lot of us. We have to just remember that as we work on staying connected, that it’s not just connected to God outside of us and in those around us, but connected to God within us. When we lose it, when we find ourselves disconnected, we have to have that same compassion, love, understanding, and presence for our lowercase-s self that wandered off that we have for those of us around us and for the world around us.
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| 0.964459
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Red Hat Magazine has a great interview with Randall Munroe, creator of xkcd, a “webcomic of romance, saracasm, math, and language” that’s published under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license. Excerpt:
A former NASA contractor, Munroe now ekes out his living from xkcd. “I’m still sort of transitioning over to doing this full time,” he says, “A lot of my time I spend packing t-shirts, which is what I make my primary income off now. I’m always responding to email, reading forum posts, and having a regular life, being social, and getting outside and seeing interesting things.”
Munroe sees Creative Commons as the logical step in doing business today. “There’s this idea that there are the real business people who want to make money, versus the kids who want free stuff,” he says, “But no one seems to realize that Creative Commons serves both of those. It isn’t just an idealism of wanting culture to be free. It makes business sense.”
The Internet, Munroe says, has changed the rules of cartoon syndication, “Bill Waterson worked for, what, 5 or 10 years on Calvin and Hobbes, before he really made it big. Now, any kid with a notebook or a Wacom tablet writes something and makes it available for free.”
And making money?
“Once you develop a big following, there are plenty of other opportunities for business. T-shirts. Merchandise. Speaking engagements.”
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This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages)(Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Financial independence is generally used to describe the state of having sufficient personal wealth to live, without having to work actively for basic necessities. For financially independent people, their assets generate income that is greater than their expenses. For example, a person's quarterly expenses may total $4,000. They receive dividends from stocks they have previously purchased totaling $5,000 quarterly, while also having more money in other assets. Under these circumstances, a person is financially independent. A person's assets and liabilities are an important factor in determining if they have achieved financial independence. An asset is anything of value that can be liquidated if a person has debt, whereas a liability is related to debt, in that it is the responsibility of one possessing it to provide compensation. (Homes and automobiles with no liens or mortgages are common assets.)
It does not matter how old or young someone is or how much money they have or make. If they can generate enough money to meet their needs from sources other than their primary occupation, then they have achieved financial independence. Age is potentially irrelevant with respect to financial independence. If they are 25 years old and their expenses are only $100 per month and they have assets that generate $101 or more per month, they have achieved financial independence, and they are now free to do things that they enjoy without having to worry as much. If, on the other hand, they are 50 years old and earn a million dollars a month but still have expenses above a million dollars a month, then they are not financially independent because they still have to generate the difference each month just to stay even. However, this needs to take into consideration the effects of inflation. If a person needs $100/month for living expenses today, that figure will be $105/month next year and $110.25/month in the following year to support the same lifestyle assuming a 5% annual inflation rate. Therefore, if the person in the above example obtains their passive income from a perpetuity, there will be a time when they lose their financial independence because of inflation.
Approaches to Financial Independence
Since there are two sides to the assets and expenses equation, there are two main directions one can focus their energy: accumulating assets or reducing their expenses.
Accumulating assets can focus one or both of these approaches:
- Gather revenue generating assets until the generated revenue surpasses living/liability expenses.
- Gather enough liquid assets to then sustain all future living/liability expenses
Another approach to financial independence is to reduce regular expenses while accumulating assets, to reduce the amount of assets required for financial independence. This can be done by focusing on simple living, or other strategies to reduce expenses.
A general calculation for the time required to reach financial independence is as follows:
The withdrawal rate is the rate at which the individual starts withdrawing capital from his net worth to pay for his yearly expenses (which have to remain constant with this formula) once financial independence is reached. It is directly linked to the number of years the individual can be free of having to earn an income: at 4% a year, an individual can pay for its yearly expenses 1/4% = 25 years only by drawing from its net worth.
An example of someone making $30k/year, with yearly expenses of $10k, paying 25% taxes, with a savings rate of 75%, a net worth of $5k, and withdrawing 4% per year:
Passive sources of income to achieve financial independence
The following is a non-exhaustive list of sources of passive income which potentially yields financial independence.
- Rental property
- Dividend from stocks, bonds and income trusts
- Bank fixed deposits and monthly income schemes
- Royalty from creative works, e.g. photographs, books, patents, music, etc.
- Alimony, Child Support or Child Trust Fund
- Renting out professional or academic qualifications
- Interest earned from deposit accounts, money market accounts or loans
- Oil leases
- Business ownership
- Patent licensing
- Trust deed (real estate)
- Life annuity
- Affiliate marketing
- Cummuta, John. "The Myths & Realities of Achieving Financial Independence". Nightingale Conant. Retrieved on 14-Sep-2009
- Early Retirement Extreme: A philosophical and practical guide to financial independence.
- Your Money Or Your Life: 9 Steps to Transforming Your Relationship With Money And Achieving Financial Independence.
- "What is Passive Income?". Investor Monkey. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
- CCIE Pursuit. "Rent Your Cisco Certification For Cash" Retrieved on 14-Sep-2009
- Vicki Robin and Joe Dominguez (1992) Your Money or Your Life, Viking. Your Money or Your Life: Revised and Updated for the 21st Century, published by Penguin Books in December 2008 by Vicki Robin with Monique Tilford and contributor Mark Zaifman.
- Jacob Lund Fisker (2010) Early Retirement Extreme: A philosophical and practical guide to financial independence, ISBN 978-1453601211
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Three of the most flammable plants in California landscapes are bay laurels, coyote brush, and chamise – all native. An evenhanded presentation of fire hazard ratings for all plants that does not downplay the danger of native plants or exaggerate the danger of non-native plants would better serve people working to address fire hazards. So we wrote this letter to the California Native Plant Society, which is updating its Fire Recovery Guide. (You can see it here as a 64-page PDF document: cnps-fire-recovery-guide-lr-040618 )
To: Daniel Gluesenkamp, Executive Director of the California Native Plant Society
Dear Mr. Gluesenkamp,
We have read the CNPS Fire Recovery Guide. Property owners will undoubtedly find it useful advice to prevent post-fire erosion and unnecessary destruction of trees and plants that are likely to survive in the long term. The specific advice about creating defensible space also seems helpful.
We understand that your organization is working on an update of this Guide. We are therefore writing to make a few suggestions for improving its accuracy and therefore its credibility.
If the Guide is going to suggest that home owners avoid planting specific plants within their defensible space, we would suggest a more neutral approach that would focus more on fire hazard and less on nativity. The Guide cites eucalyptus and non-native pines as presenting severe fire hazard. See pages 5, 30 and 52. However, the evidence from the recent fires does not implicate non-native trees. The documents cited in your guide (pages 44-45) show that the acreage of non-native tree species that burned in the recent fires was insignificant compared to the overwhelmingly native vegetation that burned. Two papers are cited to support the claim that non-native trees are more hazardous than native trees, Lambert and Landis. Neither paper presents and analyzes data to support the claim. Each paper contains a table of non-native plants considered to be fire hazards, but no information is presented to support them. There is a large quote about the fire hazard of eucalyptus on page 30, but with no indication who made the statement.
There are many available lists of flammable plants that should be avoided within defensible space. Marin Fire Safe lists both native and non-native plants on its list of flammable plants: http://www.firesafemarin.org/plants/fire-prone
The Oakland Firesafe Council also provides a link to that list on their website. Three of the most flammable plants in California landscapes are are bay laurels, coyote brush, and chamise. An evenhanded presentation of fire hazard ratings for all plants that does not downplay the danger of native plants or exaggerate the danger of non-native plants would better serve people working to address fire hazards.
Page 56 of the Guide dismisses the role SOD may have played in the fires. The Big Basin fires are discussed in support of this, but there is no analysis of the Napa, Sonoma and Mendocino fires. Matteo Garbelotto, the scientist at UC Berkeley who conducts the annual survey of SOD infections reports that “A dramatic increase this year in the number of oaks, manzanita and native plants infected by the tree-killing disease known as sudden oak death likely helped spread the massive fires that raged through the North Bay…
It seems likely the vegetation killed by SOD did play a role in fires. Why downplay the possibility?
SOD is a terrible thing. We should not ignore its consequences.
When recommending that property owners plant oaks on their land (page 21), it might be wise to steer them toward other tree choices if the SOD pathogen is known to exist at their location. A detailed map of where SOD infections have been found is available here:
There is some confusion in the guide between plants that are flammable versus fire intolerant. BayLaurels are flammable, but fire tolerant. See page 56.
We hope you will take our comments into account,
San Francisco Forest Alliance
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Electrical Questions? Ask an Electrician Online.
So if I don't hear a beeping noise, I don't have continuity and I need to replace the garage gfci?
If I do hear a beeping noise, I have to check out each outlet in the kitchen and bathrooms. Do I use the digital volt meter on each of those outlets as well?
No. The other outlets in the bathrooms do not work when the circuit breaker is off.
Also, I just assumed that the kitchen outlets were connected to the gfci. They aren't because they work with or without the gfci circuit breaker.
No the kitchen outlets are around the sink and I incorrectly assumed that they were connected to the gfci. They work fine whether the gfci circuit breaker is on or off.
But to answer your original question, when the gfci circuit breaker is off the bathroom outlets do no work. what does that tell you?
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EnerNOC in turn pays users—which it calls “assets”—to curtail power usage during peak-demand events such as a heat wave.
Federal Reserve rules require that assets be constantly revalued to their fluctuating market value.
The Federal Reserve, for example, has $3.4 trillion in assets, at last count.
In theory, it is possible to move or protect these assets, but doing so will be neither quick nor cheap.
Our position is,” said Sorkin, “that he provided the government with all the information he had about all of his assets.
The assets were twenty-five cradles and an oil painting by an unknown master.
The copies of our reports are assets and should be realized on.
But this was no business of my own; and the will was proved, and assets called in; for the old rogue did not owe one penny.
Many a watch venture has gone on the rocks for the lack of these assets.
It used to be one of her assets, but there's a thin note in it now which betrays her age.
1530s, "sufficient estate," from Anglo-French asetz (singular), from Old French assez (11c.) "sufficiency, satisfaction; compensation," noun use of adverb meaning "enough, sufficiently; very much, a great deal," from Vulgar Latin *ad satis "to sufficiency," from Latin ad- "to" (see ad-) + satis "enough" (see sad).
Beginning as a legal term, "sufficient estate" (to satisfy debts and legacies), it passed into general use; meaning "any property that theoretically can be converted to ready money" is from 1580s. Asset is a 19c. artificial singular. Asset stripping attested from 1972.
A possession that can be turned into cash to cover liabilities.
Note: Commonly, the term denotes anything of value.
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This statement is inaccurate, to put it mildly. In fact, the Supreme Court ruled that Fernando Poe Jr. was a natural-born citizen, thus enabling him to run against her. Just a few weeks ago, the Supreme Court ordered the government to pay more than P3 billion to Piatco before it could take over the spanking new Naia 3 airport terminal. On the Mining Act decision, Justices Antonio Carpio, Conchita Carpio-Morales and Romeo Callejo Sr. -- all Arroyo appointees -- dissented from the majority who upheld its constitutionality. So did Justices Renato Corona, Adolfo Azcuna, Dante Tinga and Cancio Garcia who partially dissented on the more recent 2005 expanded value-added tax law. All this just goes to show that Supreme Court justices are their own men and women, beholden to no one, as they have always been since the time that Justice Cruz himself sat on the Court when its entire membership owed their appointment to President Cory Aquino.Unfortunately for everyone the past record of the Supreme Court does not bespeak of Independence of the Judiciary, being marred by a number of horrendous failures. For example, in 1973 there was the infamous Javellana Decision essentially blessing Marcos's martial law coup d'etat. Then in 2001, the decisions Estrada vs. Arroyo and Estrada vs. Desierto, similarly blessed the Edsa II judicial coup d'etat. Accepting for now that these things are "water under the bridge," we may be consoled by the notion that no decision of the Supreme Court is actually final, since a future Court may reverse any past decision. (Note for example that the US Supreme Court engaged in over a century of pro-slavery decision making, before the arrival of Abe Lincoln changed it all.)
In that sense, the best attribute of a Supreme Court is its CORRIGIBILITY. Every new Supreme Court has the historic opportunity to inspire the people with Decisions that ring true in their hearts, that right old wrongs, or demonstrate that Justice can be secured through its wisdom and impartiality.
A TEST OF THE SUPREME COURT'S INDEPENDENCE presents itself in the Second Petition of Virgilio Garcillano. Recall that this particular fugitive from Justice emerged from some as yet unknown hiding hole last November. His most significant act to me has been the filing of two petitions with the Supreme Court. The First Garci Petition has already been dismissed (it was moot anyway, having to do with his arrest warrant on contempt of Congress, already voided or not exercised). But look at the Prayer of the Second Garci Peitition in the Supreme Court:
THE PRAYER WHEREFORE, premises considered, it is most respectfully prayed that this Honorable Court issue a Resolution:I think the burial of the Garci Recordings is essential to killing the Second Impeachment Complaint at midyear. Here is a case that matters a lot to the Palace -- else why did Garci emerge from hiding to file these cases with the Supreme Court? Certainly with no expectation of losing. This should be a good test of who is right or wrong--Isagani Cruz or Ishmael Kahn.
(a) ordering the immediate issuance of a Temporary Restraining Order and/or Writ of Preliminary Injunction restraining and preventing the House of Representatives Committees on Public Information, Public Order and Safety, National Defense and Security, Information Communications Technology, and Suffrage and Electoral Reforms from making use of the sound recording of the illegally obtained wiretapped conversations in their Report for the inquiries conducted relative thereto, or from otherwise making use of said recordings for any purspose; and,
(b) Granting the issuance of a Writ of Prohibition by commanding the Respondent Committees to strike off the record of the proceedings any and all references to the illegally obtained wiretapped recordings, and to desist from further using the sound recordings of the illegally obtained wiretapped conversations in any of its proceedings.
Other reliefs, just and equitable under the premises are likewise prayed for.
SIGNED (22 November 2005) EDDIE U. TAMONDONG (Counsel for Petitioner) and VIRGILIO O. GARCILLANO (Petitioner)
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The impact of the global financial crisis on the realisation of socio-economic rights in sub-Saharan Africa: An analysis based on the Millennium Development Goals framework and processes
Orago, Nicholas Wasonga
MetadataShow full item record
The global financial crisis, which affected global trade and investment, did not leave sub-Saharan Africa untouched. The region registered a decline in economic growth in the period after the crisis and experienced ongoing impacts. The article looks at these impacts, focusing on the realisation of socio- economic rights in sub-Saharan Africa using the mechanism of the Millennium Development Goals. It begins by describing the major actors that have played a leading role in economic growth in the region, and the realisation of socio- economic rights. It then focuses on the pre-crisis growth period of 2000 to 2007, examining the drivers of growth in sub-Saharan Africa and how this growth impacted the realisation of socio-economic rights. The article uses the mechanism of the Millenium Development Goals framework and process to measure the achievement of each goal within a high growth period. It finds that while this growth created more resources for the realisation of socio-economic rights, little progress was made in achieving the Millennium Development Goals within that period: The socio-economic conditions of poor, vulnerable and marginalised individuals and groups remained the same. The article then looks at the effects of the global financial crisis on sub-Saharan African economies after 2007, indicating that the crisis had an adverse impact on economic growth, with growth declining to 5.5 per cent in 2008, 3.5 per cent in 2009 and then rebounding slightly to 5.1 per cent between 2013 and 2014 and further to 5.8 per cent in 2015. It says that, although the reduction in economic growth had a great impact on the availability of resources for the realisation of socio- economic rights, an analysis of the MDG progress after the crisis does not show a marked difference from the MDG progress prior to the crisis. The article concludes that, even though the crisis had some impact on the realisation of socio-economic rights, its impact would have been greatly lessened if these sub- Saharan African countries had shown political commitment and developed proper mechanisms for the realisation of these rights.
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Conservation Efforts for the Puerto Rican Mountain Coqui (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae: Eleutherodactylus portoricensis Schmidt, 1927): Reproductive Biology in Captivity
Neftalí Ríos-López, Eliacim Agosto-Torres, Rayza M. Hernández-Muñíz, Coralys Vicéns-López, Ashley Bernardi-Salinas, Waleska N. Tirado-Casillas, Yvonne M. Flores-Rodríguez
Abstract: Local and international herpetologists assert that the Puerto Rican Mountain Coqui, Eleutherodactylus portoricensis, has become locally extinct in all historic geographic distribution in the mountain forests of the Cordillera Central to western Puerto Rico, and that the species still experiences drastic population declines in the Sierra de Luquillo, eastern Puerto Rico. A species once though abundant throughout high elevation forests in Puerto Rico, these declines and local extirpations are difficult to explain, which resulted in the species listed vulnerable (local level) and endangered (IUCN) in need for immediate ex situ conservation efforts. We established the first ex situ conservation plan for E. portoricensis and herein document the first reproductive
events of the species in captivity. We describe its amplexus, developmental period of clutches, oophagy, and use various elements provided in terrariums. We also discuss our trial and error events, and provide husbandry guidelines for this species that may expand our knowledge on keeping and breeding Eleutherodactylus frogs in need for ex situ conservation efforts.
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A St Pete family is spreading the love after seeing a story 10News first reported Wednesday.
After seeing our story about a St Petersburg church vandalized with swastikas, numbers associated with a white supremacy group and “Make America Great Again”, two children and their mother came to the church with buckets full of chalk to scribble messages of love.
The Reverend at King of Peace Community Church says it is exactly what her congregation needs to heal.
Reverand Candace Shultis says the kids made her smile for the first time since Monday, when she discovered several hateful drawings scribbled on the driveway of her Historic Kenwood community church.
“It was a great feeling to see the children drawing unicorns and rainbows. When parents teach their children to love and to demonstrate that love in positive ways, that’s what it’s all about.”
The congregation is predominantly made up of LGBTQ (lesbian, gay bisexual, transgender and queer) members and Shultis says she thinks that's why they were targeted. She quickly called police and scrubbed off the hateful messages.
Unlike the swastikas, which were washed off within 30 minutes of them being discovered, the congregation plans to keep the family's kind messages and drawings around for as long as possible. “Until the rain washes them off,” Shultis added.
The congregation, which has more than 300 members, has been a part of the Historic Kenwood community in St Pete for more than 40 years.
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- Refrigeration Mechanic »
- Director of Operations »
- Sr. Facilities Project Manager, Construction »
- Facility Manager at Colorado Nonprofit! »
- Director of Facilities Management »
In Sin City, Water is the True Gold
OTHER PARTS OF THIS ARTICLEPt. 1: This Page
One of my favorite ways to gear up for our annual NFMT Vegas event is to watch movies set in Sin City ("Swingers," "Lost in America" and "Ocean's Eleven" — both versions). My most recent pick: "Bugsy," loosely based on the life of Bugsy Siegel, the man who put Vegas on the map by building the lavish Flamingo Hotel more than 65 years ago. Watching the movie, I was struck that even then, Siegel faced the same issue many facility managers face today: how to get water into his building without breaking the bank.
People thought Siegel was crazy for putting a hotel in the middle of a desert, with some even claiming he would have to pipe water in from Los Angeles. Siegel persevered, however, and (spoiler alert!) while he didn't live long enough to see it, his once-fledgling Flamingo is now surrounded by lavish, massive resorts boasting highly sophisticated water- and energy-efficient technologies.
But that doesn't mean the issue of water efficiency has evaporated. In Vegas and well beyond, access to water is a necessary ingredient in an organization's business mix. And that's why the NFMT Vegas conference in October is an ideal place to learn about ways to increase water efficiency in commercial buildings.
Bill Hoffman, senior technical advisor at Water Management Inc. and a presenter at NFMT Vegas, says it best: "Water is the oil of the 21st Century."
He's right: In the next 25 years, the U.S. population is expected to grow by 70 million, while electric and water demand will climb 50 percent — all while water scarcity intensifies. For facility managers, water woes can trickle right down to the bottom line as higher utility costs and processes like wastewater reclamation add to operating expenses.
If you're one of the FMs who has a water efficiency plan in place, congratulations! For you, the glass is at least half full. And if you're not? Hoffman suggests a water audit to gain a thorough understanding of water use throughout your building. "You should be asking how much, where, when, how, who, why and what other way," he says. "The cheapest water you will ever have is the water you already have."
As for Richard Restuccia, director for water management solutions at ValleyCrest Companies, Inc., he suggests you take it outside. Literally. Like Hoffman, he'll be talking about water efficiency at NFMT Vegas, but his focus is on irrigation — a huge water consumer, soaking up more than 50 percent of the urban water in the United States and three times the amount used by water faucets and toilets combined. It is, he says, an opportunity to improve the balance sheet.
"Water conservation for landscape is more than just fixing sprinklers," he says. "It reduces operating costs, improves net operating income and conserves natural resources."
Steve Bruskiewicz, the national energy solutions development engineer for Johnson Controls, Inc.'s Water Technology Group, also stresses the fiscal side of water conservation, noting that facility managers can create financially sound water efficiency projects in commercial buildings that save money and the natural resource without major interruption. His NFMT Vegas session is the perfect place to start if you're looking for ways to improve your building's water efficiency.
Come to NFMT Vegas to hear from Bill, Steve and Richard and over 60 other great speakers; visit www.nfmt.com/vegas to register for the free conference and for a complete list of sessions.
Email comments to firstname.lastname@example.org
4 Crucial Areas to Reduce Water Use
Here in Wisconsin, you wouldn't think we spend a lot of time worrying about water. Bordered on two sides by Great Lakes, and subject to significant snowfall most years, by all rights the Badger state ought to be all wet.
But that's not necessarily the case. Like many other states, Wisconsin's demand for water is at risk of outstripping supply, adding pressure to a system already challenged by its industrial demands — from our breweries to our mines to our paper mills, water is a necessary ingredient in our business mix, and without it, our economy could suffer significantly.
— Wendy Dietzler
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Why Be Afraid of Ethnic Studies Programs?
When the Tucson Unified School District shut down its Mexican American Studies program early in 2012 after it was accused of violating state law, the matter seemed settled once and for all. But a closer look at the details reveal that the issue is still very much alive.
What led to the shuttering of the program was Arizona Supt. of Public Instruction John Huppenthal's threat to withhold millions of dollars in state aid because in his opinion the program promoted "racial resentment" and encouraged "ethnic solidarity" ("Arizona's ethnic studies gap," Los Angeles Times, Nov. 28). Both are violations of Arizona law. Yet, in fact, the Mexican American Studies program was created as part of a three-decades-old federal desegregation court order.
But the larger question in my view is whether public schools, whether in ethnic studies programs or in other courses, should be prevented from teaching controversial issues. American history is not cut and dried. There are many events that have the potential to arouse anger in students. The treatment of native Americans is one such example. If students are prevented from learning about all sides of an issue, they are being shortchanged. I realize that it takes skilled teachers to do so without exploiting their position. However, I think it's worth the risk.
In the case of the Mexican American Studies program, the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. Not only did students report greater pride in their heritage but they also posted higher test scores and graduation rates than those who were not enrolled. Huppenthal's office confirmed that conclusion in an independent audit in 2011. Nevertheless, the benefits of the program are being downplayed. That does a terrible disservice to students.
During the Vietnam war era, the principal at my high school tried to suppress dissent among students by preventing the school newspaper from editorializing about the matter. His action infuriated students and their parents who rightly believed that censorship was not the way to teach students about their rights and responsibilities as citizens. His intransigence was the beginning of his professional downfall. I've long believed that education requires the freedom to explore unpopular issues. Ethnic studies programs are one way of doing so.
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Like all living things, plants need food to live. This food is used for energy and to make new materials when plants grow. Plants are able to take two inorganic chemicals, carbon dioxide gas and water, to make an organic chemical, glucose. This simple food can be used as an energy source or converted into other useful organic molecules.
Photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts: the proteins that participated in the reaction are located in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplast.
Photosynthesis requires an input of energy. Plants have found a way to capture the energy from sunlight, using a pigment called chlorophyll. Once this light energy has been captured it can be used to create glucose, so converting the light energy into chemical energy. Oxygen gas is released as a waste chemical.
The formula for photosynthesis is:
- 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
- carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
- reduces production of NADPH
- generates a psroton gradient for the formation of ATP
- produces oxygen
There are two kinds of photosystems in photosynthesis that are called Photosystem I (PsI) and Photosystem II (PsII). During PsI, a light absorbing pigment called chlorophyll which is a molecule that absorbs red light of 700 nanometer wavelength most efficiently, we normally called it P700. On the other hand, the pigment in PsII reaction center chlorophyll absorbs called P680 because it absorbs light at around 680 nanometers. The reason photosynthesis has two system is that one alone can't capture enough energy to power the carbon-fixation reactions and to supply the rest of the energy requirements of plant metabolism. The combinations of these systems can cause different mechanisms to change the light energy to chemical energy, therefore provide the maximum energy that plants require.
The process, however, starts with PsII, not PsI. The energy absorbed by a P680 molecule of chlorophyll in the reaction center of PsII first converts the molecule to its excited state and then raises the energy level of an electron, and then the electron lose from the molecule, electron transport system accepts the electron, and immediately moves it down the transport chain, losing some energy in each transfer. We can tell that when The P680 molecule losing an electron, is unstable. To make it become stable again, we need to draw another electron from water. The process and continue over and over.
ATP known as a energy resource, produced from the energy that lost during electron transfer. the molecule universally used by organisms as a quick energy source.
The energy that reaches the end of the electron transport chain is transferred to the P700 chlorophyll in the reaction center of PsI. As the above said, both photosystem are similar except PsI captures light energy at 700 nm.
In the process between the photosystems discussed above, cyclic photophosphorylation occurs on the thylakoid membrane. During Cyclic Photophosphorylation the electrons are recycled. The excited electrons resulting from the absorption of light in PS I are received by the primary electron acceptor and then transferred to an electron transport chain(move from donor to acceptor). And then the electron return back to the reaction centre, repeat the process again. The electrons are using to translocate Protons which the ATPase uses to synthesise ATP. No reduction of NADP+ occurs in this process.
Accessory pigments are able to funnel energy into reaction center
Chlorophyll A & B can absorb light and funnel the energy to reaction center. Robert Emerson and William Arnold did an experiment on Chlorella cells in 1932. The experiment implies that only 1 molecule of O2 was produced for 2500 chlorophyll molecules excited. Both additional chlorophylls A and B (A has methyl group and B has formyl group) are closely associated with reaction centers.
Photosynthesis requires the following 3 factors:
- Carbon dioxide
There are a 4 factors which affect the rate at which a plant can make glucose by photosynthesis.
- The Concentration of Carbon Dioxide
- The Light Intensity
- The Temperature
- Any factor that influences the production of chlorophyll, enzymes, or energy carriers(ATP and NADPH).
We can achieve a better rate of photosynthesis, if more CO2 is in the air, and if its content was less than the process needed, photosynthesis couldn't happen normally. It is hypothesized that global warming due to increased CO2 might increase plant growth.
Light intensity is another rate factor for photosynthesis. We can increase the light intensity in order to achieve more photosynthesis. But we need to know that where the plant has reached maximum photosynthesis levels, since any increase in light intensity will not affect the plant further.
Photosynthesis will occur faster in area with high temperature. But on the other hand, humidity can also affect the photosynthesis. When the air is saturated with water vapour, photosynthesis is limited. This is because at saturation levels, the air cannot absorb more moisture from the plants when they open the stoma to exchange gases.
The Structure of a leaf
Photosynthesis takes place in the leaves of plants. The leaves have many adaptations to make sure that as much photosynthesis goes on as possible. The more a plant can photosynthesize, the more food it can make and the faster it can grow.
- The leaf has a waxy cuticle to stop it losing water and drying out.
- The epidermis is a protective layer of cells and contains no chloroplasts.
- The palisade layer contains the most chloroplasts as it is near the top of the leaf. The chloroplasts contain the pigment chlorophyll.
- The palisade cells are arranged upright. This means the light has to pass through the cell lengthways and so increases the chance of light hitting a chloroplast and being absorbed.
- The spongy layer contains fewer chloroplasts, enough to catch what the palisade layer cannot absorb.
- The spongy layer has air spaces to make it easier for gases to circulate in the leaf.
- The vascular bundle provides the leaf with water via the xylem vessels. Food, such as sugar, made in the leaf is transported in the phloem vessels to the rest of the leaf.
- The stomata (stoma - singular) are tiny pores that allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf while oxygen leaves the leaf.
- Guard cells can open or close the stomatal pores to regulate how much gas can enter or leave the leaf. At night the pores close, opening in the daytime.
Respiration in plants
Respiration is the production of energy from glucose and oxygen with the release of carbon dioxide and water as waste products.Photo respiration occurs in many plants under sunlight. It differs from cellular respiration, which occurs in the mitochondria. The difference between photo respiration and cellular respiration is photo respiration does not release energy when it occurs. On the other hand, cellular respiration releases energy. The common part of both respiration is both of them absorb oxygen and release CO2. Photo respiration occurs at the same time with photosynthesis and uses some of the newly made carbohydrate for energy, thereby reducing the yield of photosynthesis to make it more efficiency.
The most important enzyme for the respiration is rubisco, it can make the respiration efficient. Because rubisco lacks the ability of reorganization, it accepts the O2 rather than CO2 and catalyzes a series of different reactions, resulting in carbon being released and energy being expended for no net energy gain.
- C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy released
- Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + water + Energy released
- 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2
- Carbon dioxide + water + Energy → Glucose + Oxygen
Plants use the energy from respiration to power the processes involved in growth.
Uses of glucose
The energy obtained from respiration is used to turn glucose into many other substances. Typical uses of glucose are:
- Storage products
- - glucose is used to make starch which can be converted back to glucose as required. Potatoes and rice are examples of parts of plants that contain starch.
- - glucose is converted into lipids, especially in seeds. Sunflower oil and rapeseed oil, which are used in cooking, come from sunflower and oilseed rape seeds.
- Structural products
- - glucose is converted to cellulose to make cell walls.
- Other products
- - glucose and nitrates are used to make amino acids which are used to make proteins.
- - glucose is also a basic raw material for making chlorophyll.
- - glucose is used in respiration.
The ability to convert light into chemical energy is ancient
The photosystems have common structure which implies a common evolutionary origin. Geological evidence suggests that oxygenic photosynthesis became important approximately 2 billion years ago. Prior to this, green and purple sulfur bacteria existed which carried out anoxygenic reactions. And both of them are similar to oxygenic photosysthesis. And because no archaea was found in photosynthetic organism, concluded that photosynthesis did not evolve immediately at the origin of life.
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As the vortex that is the Eurozone refuses to close up – no matter how much money German taxpayers throw into it – the rest of the world has shifted from complacency to concern to high alert.
Starting with those on the fringes of Europe’s single currency zone like Britain, Russia and North Africa countries, and extending right across the planet to the BRICS and the United States, policymakers are chewing hard on the implications.
“When people are willing to pay the German government for the privilege of holding its two-year paper, and are willing to lend to America’s government funds for a decade for a nominal yield of less than 1.5%, they either expect years of stagnation and deflation or are terrified of imminent disaster,” wrote the Economist in an only slightly hyperbolic lead editorial in its current edition. “Whichever it is, something is very wrong with the world economy.”
All this has the fences going up around the world. Central bankers are girding for volatile currency conditions – and the need to use monetary policy to fend off the rush out of the euro that already is underway. At investment banks and the big global funds, projections for economic growth in 2012 are being revised downward or sometimes erased altogether, and the “flight to safety” – i.e., low interest but sturdy vehicles like US T-bills, Swiss francs and gold threatens to become a stampede.
Politicians, meanwhile, confine themselves primarily to finger pointing, or in a few cases, scapegoating. Thus will they raise the risk of repeating yet another of the disastrous mistakes of the Great Depression – protectionism that seizes up one of the few areas of the global economy, trade, that hasn’t succumbed to short-term thinking.
For instance, presumably on the theory that no crisis should be wasted, Britain’s chief economic official, Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne, has blamed the country’s largely self-inflicted plunge into a double-dip recession on his continental cousins. Even in his own party, few are fooled.
But I don’t want to sink to that level right now (or sink back, to be fair). Instead, here’s what this appears to mean from a global perspective for the world’s most important economies.
We’re going to take as a given that the Eurozone as a whole falls back into recession, with the “periphery – Ireland, Greece, Spain, Portugal – experiencing near depression.” US policy will keep the economy growing ever so slightly – in effect, that stimulus-fueled growth is politically impossible. I’m taking into account pretty serious softening of growth among all the BRICS, but especially in India and China, which together are far more significant globally than the other three (Brazil, Russia, South Africa).
Also take for granted a Greek exit from the single currency in the next six months, known in finance these days as a “Grexit,” but no similar collapse for Spain (“Spexit”). A Spexit is cataclysmic – in effect, an event that will force global investors to pull support for similarly structured economies, including giant Italy. In effect, Spexit = game over for euro = depression in Europe and deep, ugly recession in most other economies. So let’s not go there now – it’s not the most likely scenario, at least in the next six months.
So, tomorrow we break it down. First, what I think happens, starting with the Eurozone’s “near abroad,” which are the economies most dependent on EZ growth. These include large, key economies like Russia, Turkey and Britain.
Then we’ll look at the BRICS, none of which escapes unscathed and a few of whom (oil-dependent Russia, export dependent China) will feel Europe’s debacle very strongly.
Finally, the United States: I’ve already written on how the policy lessons of the Eurozone are being ignored by Washington (well, not by everyone, but collectively, the inability to lift a finger will bring the same result). So how will this play out? What are the “means of transmission” for contagion to the US? They do exist, but they are more subtle (and potentially more devastating) than other countries.
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Insuring against volcanic disaster 13 February 2010Posted by admin in natural hazards.
Tags: insurance, natural hazards, volcanic hazards, volcanoes and society
How does the insurance industry view volcanoes? As a big risk, naturally. Most volcanoes do little damage, but when volcanic damage to life and property does occur it can be extensive and long-lasting (deposits from the 1980 eruption of Mount St Helen’s, for example, are still causing problems thirty years later). How does one insure property built on or near active volcanoes (e.g. Hawaii)? Is it possible to insure against the harmful effects of volcanic emissions (e.g. Turrialba)? Can insurance offer peace of mind to the farmer fearing a scoria cone may appear in his back yard (e.g. Paricutin, or even Ballarat)? And what will be the effects upon the insurance business of a major urban centre being significantly damaged or destroyed by a volcanic eruption (e.g. Naples, Seattle and many others)?
Lloyds of London have been pondering these issues, as you might expect; and so has the insurance-industry-funded Aon Benfield UCL Hazard Research Centre. Among the conclusions reached is that while most natural disasters are usually defined by insurers as lasting no more than 72 hours, volcanic eruptions can be considered for insurance purposes as lasting up to 672 hours. Find out more by reading ‘Bubbling under – disasters waiting to happen’ at the Lloyds of London website.
Gran Canaria volcanic hazards newly mapped 19 January 2010Posted by admin in Gran Canaria, Spain.
Tags: Atlantic Ocean, Canary Islands, Gran Canaria, Spain, volcanic hazards
Researchers have compiled a comprehensive study of volcanic activity on the island of Gran Canaria from 11,000 years ago to the present day and used the data to produce a new hazard map of Gran Canaria (see above), indicating the areas of potentially greatest volcanic risk in the future. The findings are published in the Journal of Quaternary Research (full reference below).
Alejandro Rodríguez-González of the Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, lead author of the study, explains:
We have identified 24 volcanic eruptions that have occurred over the last 11,000 years on Gran Canaria. We know that the volcanism was concentrated in the northern area of the island and produced small monogenetic strombolian cones (eruptions of little violence, emitting lava and pyroclasts) and, occasionally, phreatomagmatic calderas (expulsion of ash).
The research involved advanced Digital Terrain Modelling which revealed geomorphological changes produced by volcanic activity and the precise mapping of individual units of volcanic activity and their products. Combined with geochemical and stratigraphic data this enabled a detailed picture of the unfolding of volcanic activity on the island during the Holocene.
Not only does the study indicate that the areas at highest risk of future volcanic activity lie in the densely-populated north of the island, it also reveals that the intervals between periods of active volcanism are becoming shorter and the eruptions are becoming more voluminous and explosive:
The new findings highlight that during the Holocene there were three clusters of volcanic activity ‘separated by four periods of inactivity’. The earliest occurred over 10,000 years ago and consisted of a single eruption in El Draguillo, to the east of the island. The other eruptions occurred between 5,700 and 6,000 years ago, and between 1,900 and 3,200 years ago … the researchers explain that currently ‘the number of eruptive centres is increasing and the periods of volcanic inactivity are becoming shorter’. In the same way, they also warn that over the past 11,000 years ‘the amount of magma emitted and the explosiveness of the eruptions have been increasing’.
Ironically, however, the researchers note that damage to the island’s ecosystem may restrict the impact of future volcanic activity. The deforestation of Gran Canaria and the over-exploitation of limited water resources has left the island very dry, reducing the chances of water interacting with magma to produce explosive activity. The next eruption in Gran Canaria, which may be in ‘200-300 years’, is expected to be a strombolian event: quiet, non-explosive, with no casualties expected.
- Rodríguez-González, Alejandro; Fernández-Turiel, José L.; Pérez-Torrado, Francisco J.; Hansen, Alex; Aulinas, Meritxell; Carracedo, Juan C.; Gimeno, Domingo; Guillou, Hervé; Paris, Raphael; Paterne, Martine. ‘The Holocene volcanic history of Gran Canaria island: implications for volcanic hazards’ Journal of Quaternary Science, vol. 24, no. 7 (October 2009), pp. 697-709. DOI: 10.1002/jqs.1294 (abstract).
UPDATE. A translation into English of the SINC (Servicio de Información y Noticias Científicas) news release is available at EurekAlert: Volcanic hazard map produced for island of Gran Canaria.
[Found via: Actualidad Volcánica de Canarias.]
Presentan un mapa de peligrosidad volcánica de la isla de Gran Canaria – Servicio de Información y Noticias Científicas, 18 January 2010
Un volcán despertará en Gran Canaria dentro de 200 años – Público.es, 19 January 2010
Presentan un mapa de peligrosidad volcánica de la isla de Gran Canaria – Actualidad Volcánica de Canarias, 19 January 2010
Volcanic hazard map produced for island of Gran Canaria – EurekAlert, 19 January 2010
Global Volcanism Program: Gran Canaria – summary information for Gran Canaria (1803-04-)
Actualidad Volcánica de Canarias – news and information about Canary Islands volcanoes and earthquakes
Canary Islands volcanoes and volcanics – information from the Cascades Volcano Observatory
New website for the International Volcanic Health Hazard Network 18 January 2010Posted by admin in natural hazards.
Tags: International Volcanic Health Hazard Network, volcanic hazards, volcano research
The International Volcanic Health Hazard Network (IVHHN) does excellent work with the collection of data and the communication of information in the relatively new field of volcanic health hazard research. The IVHHN describes its aims as follows:
- To promote the expansion of the newly emerging field of volcanic health hazard research.
- To continue existing collaborations and develop new collaborative links between the multidisciplinary international partner organizations.
- To produce and widely disseminate protocols and volcanic health hazard information to volcano observatories, scientists, governments, emergency managers, health practitioners and the general public.
- To encourage collection of geologic and medical data to evaluate health hazards.
- The formation of databases of well-characterized ash and gas samples and literature from volcanoes world-wide, for use by the Network and other workers.
The IVHHN website has just been re-launched, and offers easy access to information and resources about the Network, including two invaluable new pamphlets available in a range of languages: The Health Hazards of Volcanic Ash: A Guide for the Public, and Guidelines on Preparedness Before, During and After an Ashfall.
For more information visit the new IVHHN website: International Volcanic Health Hazard Network.
New Zealand: disaster management software aims to save lives 12 January 2010Posted by admin in natural hazards, New Zealand.
Tags: Auckland, natural disasters, New Zealand, volcanic hazards
Yasir Javed, a doctoral student in the application of computer technology to disaster management at Massey University in New Zealand, was in the city of Abbottabad in his homeland of Pakistan when the 2005 Kashmir Earthquake hit, killing thousands. His current research at Massey is inspired by his experience of that disaster and its aftermath, when communication systems collapsed and thousands of people were left unable to discover whether missing relatives were alive or dead.
Javed worked in the relief effort, setting up a computer database of earthquake victims admitted to Abbottabad’s hospitals, helping survivors to trace missing family members. Now transplanted to New Zealand, he is carrying out admirable research on an integrated information management system for emergency services to use following natural disasters:
Yasir Javed’s research involves the design, implementation and evaluation of an internet-based package called Situation Aware Volcanic Eruption Reasoner (SAVER) to help emergency operations have a clear understanding of the disaster and the status of their resources in dealing with it. The package is designed to provide a common platform, giving information to emergency services about the full picture of the disaster and status of emergency resources. Mr Javed began the project after an emergency exercise last year based on the occurrence of a volcanic eruption in Auckland revealed current emergency services do not have an integrated information management system.
The initial focus on volcanic eruptions reflects the fact that Javed is based at the Albany campus of Massey University near Auckland. After his experiences in the Kashmir earthquake, he says, ‘I realised I wanted to work with technology in these disaster scenarios to save lives. ‘New Zealand is quite disaster-prone and it seemed the ideal place to do this kind of research’.
Evacuating Auckland after an eruption – Massey University press release, 6 January 2010
Auckland eruption evacuation software developed – 3 News, 6 January 2010
Software tackles Auckland evacuation – Stuff.co.nz, 6 January 2010
Logging on to beat volcanic eruption – New Zealand Herald, 7 January 2010
Global Volcanism Program: Auckland – summary information for the Auckland volcanic field (0401-02=)
Volcanic ascents: cautionary tales from Villarrica 6 January 2010Posted by admin in Chile, natural hazards, Villarrica.
Tags: Chile, Villarrica, volcanic hazards
Villarrica volcano in Chile, one of the country’s most active volcanoes, is popular among walkers and climbers, who come to the Parque Nacional Villarrica to enjoy the beautiful scenery and (when Villarrica’s activity allows) the challenge of ascending the 2,847-metre volcano’s slopes. But a volcano does not have to be erupting to be dangerous, and Villarrica certainly has its dangers.
On Saturday 2 January a snow avalanche struck a party of tourists who were climbing to the summit crater, leaving one Brazilian tourist seriously injured and a number of his companions slightly hurt. The avalanche, reportedly 100 metres in width, occurred in good weather conditions and took the party (and their mountain guide) completely by surprise. This is the first time such an avalance, apparently caused by unstable snow cover slipping on the underlying ice, has caused problems at Villarrica. In response, the park authorities closed the slopes to tourists pending a detailed survey of snow and ice conditions on the volcano.
The picture above (copyright Roberto Alarcón N.), kindly submitted by Werner Keller of Proyecto Observación Volcán Villarrica (POVI), shows Villarrica on 2 January 2010 following the avalanche referred to above and two further avalanches; the scars are clearly visible in the snow. The avalanche struck the tour party at around 2000 metres a.s.l., having descended about 600 metres, accumulating loose volcanic debris on the way. The front of the avalanche lobe was 2-3 metres deep. More information can be found at the POVI website.
Pre-eruption rumbles help volcano forecasting 17 December 2009Posted by admin in volcanoes.
Tags: eruption forecasting, volcanic hazards, volcano monitoring, volcanological research
Before a volcano erupts it rumbles and shakes the ground, just as an angry dog growls before it bites, says this press release.
The point is that different volcanoes behave in different ways – some rumble consistently, some stop and start, some rumble and erupt straightaway, others rumble for ages before they do anything, and others never get round to erupting at all – and understanding that behaviour helps with eruption forecasting and the issuing of alarms.
Volcano observatories often have a good understanding of these behaviours in the case of their local volcanoes: now Emily Brodsky, associate professor of earth and planetary sciences at the University of California, Santa Cruz, working with Luigi Passarelli of the University of Bologna and Stephanie Prejean of the USGS Alaska Volcano Observatory, has been trying to ‘stitch together those empirical rules with the underlying physics and find some sort of generality’. Professor Brodsky is presenting her findings at the AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco.
Physics, of course, is only part of the problem with effective forecasting and warning of volcanic eruptions. Psychology is also an issue. The Pasto volcanological observatory in Colombia, which keeps watch on Galeras, has an excellent understanding of Galeras’s behaviour and always issues timely and appropriate warnings, but the local inhabitants do not respond to the alerts because they also feel that they know the volcano very well and don’t believe, from their experience, that its activity will do them any harm. They also weigh up the potential risks of volcanic activity (rather remote) against the risks of leaving their homes, farms and businesses unattended for an unknown length of time (very real) and decide to stay put.
Machín volcano: disaster prevention in Colombia 4 September 2009Posted by admin in Colombia, Machín, natural hazards.
Tags: Colombia, hazard mitigation, Machín, South America, volcanic hazards
‘An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure’, said the always quotable Benjamin Franklin in 1735. The principle applies to natural disasters as it does to other areas of life: it is surely better to prevent a catastrophe than have to pay for clearing up afterwards. The practical application, however, can present problems, for how is a volcanic eruption to be prevented? The answer is that it can’t, but its potential for disaster can be reduced by, for example, evacuating nearby at-risk populations so that an eruption does not turn into a disaster. This is one of the preventive strategies being followed in Colombia.
The government of Colombia has prioritized three potential natural disasters as targets for a strategy of prevention: an earthquake in the national capital, Bogotá, a Pacific tsunami, and an eruption of Machín volcano. Cerro Machín is in central western Colombia and overlooks the city of Ibagué (population approximately 500,000), 17 km to the east. The last eruption was about 800 years ago. Any new activity would pose considerable dangers for Ibagué and surrounding agricultural areas – and recently Machín has been showing signs of restlessness, with increased seismicity and some ash emission late last year provoking widespread alarm, and a further earthquake swarm at the end of July this year.
The authorities in Colombia aim to reduce the hazard potential of Machín by carrying out a comprehensive survey of the volcano and its surroundings, identifying areas of high danger and establishing evacuation routes, educating the local population about volcanic hazards, and moving people away from the volcano. The local (Tolima) edition of the Colombian newspaper El Tiempo reports that the programme of buying local farmers out of their properties in areas threatened by volcanic hazards is under way, but that there are legal problems over land titles. An ‘inventory of facilities and physical resources’ has been completed (which presumably includes the identification of evacuation routes) and education efforts are progressing, but are handicapped by lack of money: ‘one of the obstacles encountered is the lack of finance (about 100 million pesos) for the distribution of a booklet that allows the population under threat just to identify the evacuation routes’.
Erupción del Volcán Machín se encuentra entre las tres prioridades nacionales de prevención – El Tiempo, 4 September 2009
Global Volcanism Program: Machín – information about Machín volcano (1501-04=)
Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Manizales – INGEOMINAS observatory responsible for monitoring Machín
Volcán Machín – information, maps and pictures
Peru practices for El Misti eruption 17 May 2009Posted by admin in El Misti, natural hazards, Peru.
Tags: El Misti, natural hazards, Peru, South America, volcanic hazards
El Misti volcano from Arequipa, 29 April 2007. [source]
El Misti in southern Peru, a 5822-metre stratovolcano, has an active eruptive history and last erupted in 1985. The volcano overlooks the city of Arequipa, which has a population of 1.2 million people. El Misti’s recent activity has been on a relatively small scale (no eruption larger than VEI=1 since the fifteenth century) but it poses a potential danger to thousands of people — about 2000 years ago a pyroclastic flow from the volcano travelled some 12 km, and winds have spread ash as far as 20 km from the cone.
In July 2001 a NASA commentary noted that the local civil defence and planning authorities regard the volcano as a ‘remote danger’ and that the city of Arequipa is continuing to expand towards the volcano. It seems, however, that some of the Peruvian authorities are now aware of the dangers: Peru.com reports that an exercise has just been held to simulate the evacuation of nearby districts in the event of an eruption. The exercise was organized by Peru’s Instituto Geológico, Minero y Metalúrgico (INGEMMET) with the local authorities in Arequipa and neighbouring areas and the Peruvian Army. Sirens sounded, trucks carried evacuees to shelters, procedures for providing tents, warm clothing, blankets and food were tested. The practice evacuation involved only 150 people, but the aim was to ‘sensitize’ the local population about the dangers of an eruption and the importance of being prepared.
Eventual erupción del volcán Misti afectaría a 100 mil personas – Peru.com, 16 May 2009
Global Volcanism Program: El Misti – summary information for El Misti (1504-01=)
Instituto Geológico Minero y Metalúrgico – Geological, Mineral and Metallurgical Institute of Peru (Ingemmet)
Volcano geodesy at Green Gabbro 9 January 2009Posted by admin in geoblogosphere, geoscience, natural hazards, volcano monitoring.
Tags: geoblogs, geoscience, volcanic hazards, volcano monitoring
Over at Green Gabbro, Maria Brumm has posted a crystal-clear explanation of the use of GPS networks to measure surface change, which can be an important indicator of volcanic activity. Great cartoon, among other things.
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US DoD will consider migrating biometric databases to cloud providers other than AWS
The U.S. Department of Defence has amended its solicitation for a migration of its biometric databases to the cloud, clarifying that the cloud environment the database ends up in does not necessarily have to be Amazon Web Services’ GovCloud.
The original request for information from the DoD specifically stated the project was to move the database to AWS, but the updated document states that the department is cloud vendor-neutral. AWS is the DoD’s current cloud provider, through a contract with a system integrator.
As NextGov point out, the update comes in response to a question posted to the solicitation page.
“The system integrator’s proposal will determine the cloud service provider,” a DoD representative answered. “The government’s interest is in the best value proposition to meet the government’s requirements.”
The Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) lists five cloud service providers that offer infrastructure meeting IL5 (Impact Level 5) standards, including IBM, Microsoft, MilCloud and Oracle.
The responses also reveal that the first request for proposals following the RFI will be issued in the third quarter of 2021 at the earliest, and are coy to the suggestion that Idemia’s MBSS could be replaced as the system’s core search engine multimodal algorithms. DoD reiterates multiple times that the system integrator is responsible for choosing biometric algorithms that satisfy project requirements.
The due date for responses was also extended to December 4, 2020.
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Weight Watching and the Effect of Landscape on Honeybee Colony Productivity: Investigating the Value of Colony Weight Monitoring for the Beekeeping Industry
Over the last few decades, a gradual departure away from traditional agricultural practices has resulted in alterations to the composition of the countryside and landscapes across Europe. In the face of such changes, monitoring the development and productivity of honey bee colonies from different sites can give valuable insight on the influence of landscape on their productivity and might point towards future directions for modernized beekeeping practices. Using data on honeybee colony weights provided by electronic scales spread across Denmark, we investigated the effect of the immediate landscape on colony productivity. In order to extract meaningful information, data manipulation was necessary prior to analysis as a result of different management regimes or scales malfunction. Once this was carried out, we were able to show that colonies situated in landscapes composed of more than 50% urban areas were significantly more productive than colonies situated in those with more than 50% agricultural areas or those in mixed areas. As well as exploring some of the potential reasons for the observed differences, we discuss the value of weight monitoring of colonies on a large scale.
Lecocq A, Kryger P, Vejsnæs F, Bruun Jensen A (2015) Weight Watching and the Effect of Landscape on Honeybee Colony Productivity: Investigating the Value of Colony Weight Monitoring for the Beekeeping Industry. PLoS ONE 10(7): e0132473. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0132473
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Characteristics and predictors of high-range speeding offenders
Watson, Barry C., Watson, Angela, Siskind, Victor, & Fleiter, Judy J. (2009) Characteristics and predictors of high-range speeding offenders. In Proceedings of 2009 Australasian Road Safety Research, Policing and Education Conference, Engineers Australia, Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre, Sydney, New South Wales.
This paper examines an aspect of the data taken from a larger study evaluating the effect of speeding penalty changes on speeding recidivism in Queensland. Traffic offence data from May 1996 to August 2007 were provided to the research team for two cohorts of offenders: individuals who committed a speeding offence in May 2001; and individuals who committed a speeding offence in May 2003. Data included details of the offenders’ index offence, previous and subsequent traffic offences (speeding and other) and their demographic characteristics. Using this data the aim of this component of the research was to use demographic data and the previous traffic offences of these individuals to explore the characteristics and predictors of high-range speeding offenders. High-range offenders were identified as those individuals who committed two or more speeding offences with a recorded speed of 30 km/hr or more above the speed limit. For the purposes of comparison, low-range offenders (committed one speeding offence in the time-frame and that offence was less than 15 km/hr over the speed limit) and mid-range offenders (all other offenders) were identified. Using Chi-square and logistic regression analyses, characteristics and predictors of high-range speeding offenders were identified. The implications and limitations of this study are also discussed.
Impact and interest:
Citation counts are sourced monthly from and citation databases.
These databases contain citations from different subsets of available publications and different time periods and thus the citation count from each is usually different. Some works are not in either database and no count is displayed. Scopus includes citations from articles published in 1996 onwards, and Web of Science® generally from 1980 onwards.
Citations counts from theindexing service can be viewed at the linked Google Scholar™ search.
Full-text downloads displays the total number of times this work’s files (e.g., a PDF) have been downloaded from QUT ePrints as well as the number of downloads in the previous 365 days. The count includes downloads for all files if a work has more than one.
Repository Staff Only: item control page
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In the news this week, the new Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial has opened to the public but features quotes that have left some scratching their heads. Then, consider signing up to be part of a Smithsonian Channel discussion about September 11. We also link to an experiment in crowdsourced article reviewing, a collection of pieces on music history, and the interesting origins of state park names. Finally, watch a video of highlights of the most recent National History Day and look back at the vacations of past presidents.
- Misquoting Martin Luther King Jr.
The development of the new Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial has had its share of controversies, and now there is a new one. A misquote on the side of the memorial has many upset, including Maya Angelou. Don’t blame the Council of Historians who suggested quotes for the memorial; they offered a more accurate version.
- Participate in Smithsonian Channel’s September 11 Remembrance
Do you think September 11 was a turning point in American history? Join the conversation.
- Crowdsourcing Historical Research: An Experiment
What happens when you place a draft of your history article into Google Docs and ask the Internet to offer responses? Katrina Gulliver is about to find out. She’s turning to crowdsourcing for review and feedback on her article, “Landscape Projections: Australia’s Environment in Historical Film.”
- Music History Roundup
The Historical Society blog has collected a number of articles on music history, including a Wall Street Journal article on lyricist Jerry Leiber (who wrote some of Elvis’s songs), a New York Times article on pianist Franz Liszt, an MSNBC article on how early humans used music, and more.
- Origins of State Park Names
Mental_floss, a blog for “knowledge junkies,” has put up part 4 in its series on how state parks got their names; from the odd, to the scary, to the mildly inappropriate, most have pretty good back stories. See also part 1, part 2, and part 3.
- National History Day: Highlights from the 2011 National Contest
National History Day, a national contest that engages elementary and secondary students in history by having them create papers, performances, exhibits, websites, and documentaries, has offers highlights from its most recent final competition, which 2,000 students participated in, in a video on YouTube.
- Presidential Vacations
The official White House blog recently posted a sideshow of images of past presidential vacations, including President Taft playing a round of golf, President Roosevelt fishing, and President Grant relaxing at his cottage.
Contributors: Elisabeth Grant and Robert B. Townsend
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The Full Moon Setting Behind the Blue Mountains
by Robin Plough
(Silver Hill Gap, Portland)
The Full Moon Setting behind the Blue Mountains, just as dawn is breaking.
Contest Entry #34 - The Full Moon Setting behind the Blue Mountains
March 19th, 2011: the full moon is as close to Earth as it gets, the full moon appearing 14% bigger than usual.
It had been the clearest of clear nights, and the full moon, was so bright you could not look directly at it, around midnight, being almost directly overhead, you cast no shadow from it.
It was just so beautiful, so serene and quiet, floating, and slowly drifting across the sky: mesmerizing in its brilliance.
All day I had been reading the predictions of all the doom-and-gloom merchants; predicting everything from a major earthquake, to the end of the world: for once there was some truth in their message of doom; the "mute" button on the TV remote, failed; and I had to LISTEN to all the TV adverts!!!
If that is not very close to a disaster, of "Biblical" proportions, then I don't what would be!
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As Joyce Kilmer and Henry David Thoreau middle schools prepare to guide another class of Vienna-area sixth-graders from the elementary school environment to one of bells, lockers and multiple teachers, each is working on its own methods for continuing to improve its performance.
In an example of the private/public partnerships becoming more common among county schools, Thoreau has been working with the defense technology company Northrop Grumman to develop the “eAssessments” program it will try out this year, said Principal Mark Greenfelder.
Schools around the country have been experimenting with different means of “formative assessments” in order to meet the requirements of the No Child Left Behind Act, he said. Formative assessments are frequent and often are not graded, as opposed to summative assessments, such as final exams, which test learning only after lessons have been completed. The idea is to remedy lagging studies before they become poor grades.
The eAssessments program is designed to be Web-based but can also be used to produce pencil-and-paper tests, said Greenfelder. “It’s a very, very exciting opportunity for our school and for the county,” he said of the program’s test run, noting that it places Thoreau on the cutting edge of academic assessment technology.
Northrop Grumman has been working to build the technological platform for the program for the last two years, while the school has been creating the content. The system will be simpler and user-friendlier and will offer teachers more flexibility and control than the school’s last online assessment program, said Greenfelder. It will be used to test students’ learning at least once every four weeks in the four core subjects — math, English, science and social studies — and the results will shape future instruction.
The school will continue its “Time to Soar” program, a 30-minute period that offers a chance for students to get one-on-one help from teachers, particularly if assessments have shown they are lagging. It is named for Thoreau’s eagle mascot.
“We piloted Time to Soar last year, and it was really very successful,” said Greenfelder. “We think we have a much better program this year,” he added, saying students should have more opportunity to get the assistance they need.
Thoreau is also working to expand and refine its after-school program, named Screaming Eagles, and this year created the position of after-school program coordinator, which is being filled by former special education teacher Jen Polk. Screaming Eagles offers academic assistance and sports activities. Greenfelder said the school is assessing students’ needs and reaching out to the community to determine changes that need to be made in the program.
THE COUNTY AWARDED a Teacher Leadership Development grant to Thoreau to pay for extended contracts for about 15 teachers, who put in time over the summer to work on teaching strategies.
The school’s enrollment is again about equal with its capacity, hovering at approximately 750 students, still the smallest stand-alone middle school in the county. “I think it gives us the opportunity to get to know each other and the students a little better,” Greenfelder said of the school’s size.
Turnover in staff, he said, was minimal, with a few new hires due to program expansions included in a total of about half a dozen new members on the school’s approximately 70-person teaching staff.
Although no official data is out regarding the results of last year’s Virginia Standards of Learning (SOL) testing, Greenfelder said Thoreau appeared to have about a 98 percent pass rate in every subject except seventh-grade math, which was a new testing area. Thoreau came in around the 80th percentile in that subject.
The school will also have a new assistant principal this year. Dana Walker “brings a rich and diverse background to Thoreau,” said Greenfelder.
“Middle school is my passion,” said Walker. “It’s what I’ve always taught, and it’s what I’ve always trained.” Hailing from Chicago, Walker began teaching in Illinois, he said. He then trained middle school teachers for the National Middle School Association. After moving to Fairfax County, he taught science for 10 years at Rachel Carson and Liberty middle schools. Most recently, he was an intern assistant principal at Francis Scott Key Middle School.
He said he regards middle school as a critical transition period in a child’s development and enjoys the challenge of influencing students’ decision-making for the better during that time. “I just know middle school’s a hard time,” he said. “But I like to be in that mix.”
Walker will be in charge of the seventh grade this year and will stay with the class when they become eighth-graders next year.
Back-to-School Night at Thoreau will be Sept. 12 at 7 p.m.
KILMER’S BACK-TO-SCHOOL NIGHT, beginning at 6:30 p.m. Sept. 7, will feature a promotional video with the theme “Extreme School Makeover,” said Kilmer assistant principal Michael Fentress. He noted that the school made some major changes to its teaching methods last year, after he and Principal Deborah Hernandez arrived. Also, he said, parents enjoy seeing footage of their own children being well treated at orientation, where the video will be filmed.
The biggest change last year was the initiation of the Writing across the Curriculum program, wherein all students write a paper in every subject each quarter. The county has been placing an emphasis on writing because reading and writing skills are important to all disciplines, said Fentress.
A student’s papers are graded for content in the classes for which they are written, but they all find their way back to his or her English teacher so the teacher can assess the student’s overall writing progress. Students are also taught editing skills in their English classes, and each paper is peer-edited, as well as being reviewed by two teachers.
“It’s been a pretty complex process to put into place, but now it’s like clockwork,” said Fentress. Following last year’s implementation of the program, he said, the school jumped from the 92nd to the 98th percentile on the writing portion of the SOLs.
Another highlight of the Back-to-School Night video will be Kilmer’s system, put into place last year, for e-mailing progress reports to parents. Every two weeks, parents get an e-mail from each of their child’s seven teachers, giving a “snapshot” of the student’s performance, said Fentress. “It’s really had a very huge impact on achievement in the school,” he said, noting that more students are making the honor roll. Kilmer is the first school in the county to employ the bi-weekly reports.
Few new changes are planned for this year, he said. “We’ve put some major things into place over the last year, and now we want to continue to fine tune them.”
There will be some minor changes. Like Thoreau, Kilmer will also be looking for ways to expand its after-school program, Cougar’s Den, in order to incorporate more activities for more students.
New this year will be Cougar’s Paws, a 26-minute period for as-needed student-teacher interaction, similar to Thoreau’s Time to Soar. As part of the effort to make room for the period, school will start five minutes earlier, at 7:35 a.m.
For the second year in a row, enrollment at Kilmer has jumped by about 100 students, bringing this year's expected total into the neighborhood of 1,070. A set of “learning cottages” — four trailers connected under one roof — arrived at the school a couple of weeks ago and will be put into use this year. Kilmer was already using two trailers, which were added last year.
Fentress said one reason for rising enrollment is an increase in the number of GT (gifted and talented) students in the region. As a GT center, Kilmer draws such students from the surrounding area.
Five new teaching positions were filled to accommodate the growth of the student body, and Fentress said there will be a total of about 20 new staffers at the school.
With last year’s SOL testing data still unofficial, Fentress said the school was “pretty positive and happy with what we’ve heard to far.”
The school did not put any teachers on extended contracts for the year.
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In this study, Wurtz and colleagues investigated to what extent elevated body mass index (BMI) within the normal weight range has causal influences on the detailed systemic metabolite profile in early adulthood using Mendelian randomization analysis.
Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Increased adiposity is linked with higher risk for cardiometabolic diseases. We aimed to determine to what extent elevated body mass index (BMI) within the normal weight range has causal effects on the detailed systemic metabolite profile in early adulthood.
Methods and Findings
We used Mendelian randomization to estimate causal effects of BMI on 82 metabolic measures in 12,664 adolescents and young adults from four population-based cohorts in Finland (mean age 26 y, range 16–39 y; 51% women; mean ± standard deviation BMI 24±4 kg/m2). Circulating metabolites were quantified by high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics and biochemical assays. In cross-sectional analyses, elevated BMI was adversely associated with cardiometabolic risk markers throughout the systemic metabolite profile, including lipoprotein subclasses, fatty acid composition, amino acids, inflammatory markers, and various hormones (p<0.0005 for 68 measures). Metabolite associations with BMI were generally stronger for men than for women (median 136%, interquartile range 125%–183%). A gene score for predisposition to elevated BMI, composed of 32 established genetic correlates, was used as the instrument to assess causality. Causal effects of elevated BMI closely matched observational estimates (correspondence 87%±3%; R2 = 0.89), suggesting causative influences of adiposity on the levels of numerous metabolites (p<0.0005 for 24 measures), including lipoprotein lipid subclasses and particle size, branched-chain and aromatic amino acids, and inflammation-related glycoprotein acetyls. Causal analyses of certain metabolites and potential sex differences warrant stronger statistical power. Metabolite changes associated with change in BMI during 6 y of follow-up were examined for 1,488 individuals. Change in BMI was accompanied by widespread metabolite changes, which had an association pattern similar to that of the cross-sectional observations, yet with greater metabolic effects (correspondence 160%±2%; R2 = 0.92).
Mendelian randomization indicates causal adverse effects of increased adiposity with multiple cardiometabolic risk markers across the metabolite profile in adolescents and young adults within the non-obese weight range. Consistent with the causal influences of adiposity, weight changes were paralleled by extensive metabolic changes, suggesting a broadly modifiable systemic metabolite profile in early adulthood.
Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Adiposity—having excessive body fat—is a growing global threat to public health. Body mass index (BMI, calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by their height in meters squared) is a coarse indicator of excess body weight, but the measure is useful in large population studies. Compared to people with a lean body weight (a BMI of 18.5–24.9 kg/m2), individuals with higher BMI have an elevated risk of developing life-shortening cardiometabolic diseases—cardiovascular diseases that affect the heart and/or the blood vessels (for example, heart failure and stroke) and metabolic diseases that affect the cellular chemical reactions that sustain life (for example, diabetes). People become unhealthily fat by consuming food and drink that contains more energy (calories) than they need for their daily activities. So adiposity can be prevented and reversed by eating less and exercising more.
Why Was This Study Done?
Epidemiological studies, which record the patterns of risk factors and disease in populations, suggest that the illness and death associated with excess body weight is partly attributable to abnormalities in how individuals with high adiposity metabolize carbohydrates and fats, leading to higher blood sugar and cholesterol levels. Further, adiposity is also associated with many other deviations in the metabolic profile than these commonly measured risk factors. However, epidemiological studies cannot prove that adiposity causes specific changes in a person's systemic (overall) metabolic profile because individuals with high BMI may share other characteristics (confounding factors) that are the actual causes of both adiposity and metabolic abnormalities. Moreover, having a change in some aspect of metabolism could also lead to adiposity, rather than vice versa (reverse causation). Importantly, if there is a causal effect of adiposity on cardiometabolic risk factor levels, it might be possible to prevent the progression towards cardiometabolic diseases by weight loss. Here, the researchers use “Mendelian randomization” to examine whether increased BMI within the normal and overweight range is causally influencing the metabolic risk factors from many biological pathways during early adulthood. Because gene variants are inherited randomly, they are not prone to confounding and are free from reverse causation. Several gene variants are known to lead to modestly increased BMI. Thus, an investigation of the associations between these gene variants and risk factors across the systemic metabolite profile in a population of healthy individuals can indicate whether higher BMI is causally related to known and novel metabolic risk factors and higher cardiometabolic disease risk.
What Did the Researchers Do and Find?
The researchers measured the BMI of 12,664 adolescents and young adults (average BMI 24.7 kg/m2) living in Finland and the blood levels of 82 metabolites in these young individuals at a single time point. Statistical analysis of these data indicated that elevated BMI was adversely associated with numerous cardiometabolic risk factors. For example, elevated BMI was associated with raised levels of low-density lipoprotein, “bad” cholesterol that increases cardiovascular disease risk. Next, the researchers used a gene score for predisposition to increased BMI, composed of 32 gene variants correlated with increased BMI, as an “instrumental variable” to assess whether adiposity causes metabolite abnormalities. The effects on the systemic metabolite profile of a 1-kg/m2 increment in BMI due to genetic predisposition closely matched the effects of an observed 1-kg/m2 increment in adulthood BMI on the metabolic profile. That is, higher levels of adiposity had causal effects on the levels of numerous blood-based metabolic risk factors, including higher levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride-carrying lipoproteins, protein markers of chronic inflammation and adverse liver function, impaired insulin sensitivity, and elevated concentrations of several amino acids that have recently been linked with the risk for developing diabetes. Elevated BMI also causally led to lower levels of certain high-density lipoprotein lipids in the blood, a marker for the risk of future cardiovascular disease. Finally, an examination of the metabolic changes associated with changes in BMI in 1,488 young adults after a period of six years showed that those metabolic measures that were most strongly associated with BMI at a single time point likewise displayed the highest responsiveness to weight change over time.
What Do These Findings Mean?
These findings suggest that increased adiposity has causal adverse effects on multiple cardiometabolic risk markers in non-obese young adults beyond the effects on cholesterol and blood sugar. Like all Mendelian randomization studies, the reliability of the causal association reported here depends on several assumptions made by the researchers. Nevertheless, these findings suggest that increased adiposity has causal adverse effects on multiple cardiometabolic risk markers in non-obese young adults. Importantly, the results of both the causal effect analyses and the longitudinal study suggest that there is no threshold below which a BMI increase does not adversely affect the metabolic profile, and that a systemic metabolic profile linked with high cardiometabolic disease risk that becomes established during early adulthood can be reversed. Overall, these findings therefore highlight the importance of weight reduction as a key target for metabolic risk factor control among young adults.
Please access these websites via the online version of this summary at http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001765.
The Computational Medicine Research Team of the University of Oulu has a webpage that provides further information on metabolite profiling by high-throughput NMR metabolomics
The World Health Organization provides information on obesity (in several languages)
The Global Burden of Disease Study website provides the latest details about global obesity trends
The UK National Health Service Choices website provides information about obesity, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes (including some personal stories)
The American Heart Association provides information on all aspects of cardiovascular disease and diabetes and on keeping healthy; its website includes personal stories about heart attacks, stroke, and diabetes
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has information on all aspects of overweight and obesity and information about heart disease, stroke, and diabetes
MedlinePlus provides links to other sources of information on heart disease, vascular disease, and obesity (in English and Spanish)
Wikipedia has a page on Mendelian randomization (note: Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia that anyone can edit; available in several languages)
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Updated: June 22, 2022.
This Core Web Vitals guide will help you better understand what CWV metrics are and how you can help your website pass this assessment.
Core Web Vitals are a set of three metrics, such as Largest Contentful Paint (LCP), First Input Delay (FID), and Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS), which – respectively – relate to loading, interactivity, and visual stability of websites.
Core Web Vitals are one of the Google Page Experience ranking factors, so it’s definitely a good idea to dive deep into the topic and make your site future-proof.
Google provides a ton of technical and specialistic documentation on Web Vitals and page experience. This documentation is awesome but may be hard to digest by regular website owners or even some less technical SEOs.
That’s why I did my best to make this topic simple and accessible so that when you finish reading it you will understand what Core Web Vitals are and know what your next step should be.
⚡ Make sure to check my Core Web Vitals audit to learn how to audit the Core Web Vitals metrics of the site.
SEO Newsletter by #SEOSLY
Why are Core Web Vitals important?
Core Web Vitals are important. Here is why.
- Core Web Vitals are an essential part of a great page experience.
- A great page experience allows searchers to get more out of visiting a website.
- A web page that offers a great user experience is way more likely to meet its user’s needs.
- Meeting a user’s needs is a top priority for Google.
- If you want Google to like your website, it must also be a top priority for you to satisfy your user’s needs.
Core Web Vitals are one of a total of four Google page experience signals which – in addition to the three new metrics – include HTTPS, intrusive interstitial guidelines, and whether a website is mobile-friendly.
Fortunately, Google is pretty clear about what it wants when it comes to Core Web Vitals and other page experience signals.
- Google wants your website to provide a great user experience
- To provide a great user experience, your website should ideally pass all three Core Web Vitals metrics and other page experience signals
As it lies now, according to a recent study by Advanced Web Ranking, less than 40% of the analyzed pages (they analyzed 3 million web pages from the top 10 Google search results) pass the Core Web Vitals assessment.
While this means you won’t be alone if your website does not pass these metrics, it may have a negative impact on your business in the long run. It is even more likely if your website is a lot worse than its competition regarding Core Web Vitals.
But don’t worry. I got you covered. You now understand why Core Web Vitals are important. Let’s uncover what they really are.
⚡ In my Google page experience audit you will learn how to do a page experience audit step by step.
What are Core Web Vitals?
Let’s now dig a bit deeper into what Core Web Vitals are. For now, the Core Web Vitals include the following three measurable metrics:
- Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) which is about how fast a web page loads.
For a web page to deliver a good user experience, it must have the LCP not exceeding 2.5 s.
- First Input Delay (FID) which is about the interactivity of a web page.
For a web page to deliver a good user experience, its FID should be less than or equal to 100 ms.
UPDATE: Note that Google has recently announced its introduction of Interaction to Next Paint (INP) which is an experimental field metric assessing responsiveness. This metric may or may not replace FID in the future.
- Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) which is about the visual stability of a web page.
For a web page to deliver a good user experience, its CLS should be equal to or less than 0.1.
I will talk in detail about each metric in a moment. But first I want you to understand the bigger picture of Core Web Vitals and where they come from:
- Web Vitals is a Google initiative that aims at providing unified guidelines on how to deliver a great user experience on a website.
- The purpose of the Web Vitals initiative is to make it easier for websites to deliver a great page experience.
- Core Web Vitals are a set of 3 metrics that are a subset of Web Vitals.
- Each of the three metrics is a representation of a different aspect of a user experience.
- The metrics that currently create Core Web Vitals are not permanent. They will evolve in the future.
- All of the three metrics are ranked on a scale ranging from Poor, Needs Improvement, to Good.
- In order for a web page to pass Core Web Vitals, it needs to meet the recommended thresholds at the 75th percentile of page loads. In simple terms, the web page needs to hit the recommended targets for the majority of its users (75% of the time).
- To be in line with the Web Vitals initiative, all website owners should measure and optimize Core Web Vitals.
- Google wants to surface Core Web Vitals in all of its tools.
I believe you now have a good overall understanding of Core Web Vitals. Let’s now analyze each metric separately.
Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)
The largest Contentful Paint (LCP) refers to loading. The page speed matters a lot because pages that load slowly provide a poor user experience, and thus, do not retain their visitors for more than a few seconds.
To put it simply, the Largest Contentful Paint:
- is a point in the page load time when the main content of the page has loaded,
- often looks at the largest block of text or the largest block visible within the viewport,
- is ideally below 2.5 seconds.
The Largest Contentful Paint measures the time it takes for a page to load fully and for you to be able to interact with it.
The speed at which a page loads its largest content in the viewport is one of the first impressions that a website makes, and if it fails to do so in a matter of seconds, it has lost a visitor.
⚡ Make sure to check my full guide to Largest Contentful Paint (its optimization, measurement, and more).
Largest Contentful Paint Vs First Paint
It’s important to remember that the Largest Contentful Paint differs from the First Paint.
The First Paint is when the screen changes and displays something other than what was previously displayed. However, this could simply also mean a blank green space, while the content and elements of the page continue loading.
The Largest Contentful Paint measures the largest bit of useful content that is displayed, which is the thing that the user was actually waiting to view. Thus, it is a far better metric and insight than the First Paint.
Below are a few examples of FCP and LCP and how they differ.
You can check your LCP score with Google PageSpeed Insights (and a bunch of other tools I am about to show you).
- A Good score indicates that the page loads within 2.5 seconds or less.
- If a page takes up to 4 seconds to load, the scale will read Needs Improvement.
- Anything more than 4 seconds will warrant a Poor rating.
You can also generate the Lighthouse report for your site to check what is considered to be the Largest Contentful Paint element of the page.
In the further part of the guide, I will show you all the tools you can use to measure all of the three Core Web Vitals metrics.
First Input Delay (FID)
The First Input Delay (FID) corresponds to interactivity on the website.
The name itself suggests the same; the first input is your interaction with the page, and the delay refers to how much time it takes for the page to respond to that action.
To put it simply, the First Input Delay metric:
- measures the load responsiveness by quantifying the experience of users trying to interact with pages that are unresponsive,
- focuses only on input events from actions, such as clicks, caps, scrolls, or keypresses,
- is ideally 100 ms or less.
A loaded page is not of much use unless a user can interact with the site and take action.
You can check your FID using Google Search Console or Google PageSpeed Insights (if the PSI has enough data for your site).
- On the scale, a Good ranking is given to pages that have an FDI of 100 ms or less.
- A range of 101-300 ms falls squarely in the category of Needs Improvement.
- If a page takes longer than 300 milliseconds to respond, it is dropped into the Poor category, which means that action has to be taken to ensure that it’s not demoted in the rankings.
The First Input Delay is a crucial part of making a good first impression on the user. If there is a higher delay on their first interaction with the site, there are likely to be no more interactions from the user at all.
The time it takes to process and load the relevant information is not measured by the FID.
⚡ Make sure to check my full guide to First Input Delay (its optimization, measurement, and more).
Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)
The Cumulative Layout Shift relates to page stability.
The CLS formula measures how many elements shifted on the screen before the page became stable; the fewer the shifts, the better.
To put it simply, the Cumulative Layout Shift:
- measures the total number of individual layout shifts for every unexpected layout shift that takes place in the entire lifespan of a web page,
- looks for unstable elements in the viewport,
- is ideally 0.1 or less.
It often happens that while a page is loading, the various elements on the page shift around before they fall into place. While this is normal to an extent, the quicker the page stabilizes, the better.
If the elements are constantly shifting or are taking too long to shift, it will ultimately drive a poor user experience because of how frustrating it would be to interact with the page.
Imagine clicking on a link, but the sudden layout shift results in you clicking on an ad or the wrong link. The negative impact of a poor CLS is not merely drawing the ire of the visitor to the site, but it may also result in accidental consent for cookies, etc. The user, rightfully so, will never want to visit the site again.
This is clearly a priority to Google and something that many websites have taken into consideration until now.
It should be noted that the CLS values reported by lab tools could be less than what the actual user experiences in the field. This is mainly because lab tools tend to load pages in a synthetic environment. This means they can only measure layout shifts that occur during page load.
- It is possible for the CLS score to be as low as 0 for a perfectly static page.
- Anything between 0 – 0.1 deserves a Good score.
- Anything between 0.1 and 0.25 Needs Improvement.
- Anything more than that gets a Poor rating.
⚡ Make sure to check my full guide to Cumulative Layout Shift (its optimization, measurement, and more).
Other Web Vitals to consider
But, there are other Web Vitals that serve as supplemental metrics for the Core Web Vitals.
- For example, Time to First Byte (TTFB) and First Contentful Paint (FCP) are both vital metrics that measure a site’s load speed and are useful when it comes to diagnosing issues with LCP.
- Additionally, metrics, such as Time to Interactive (TTI) and Total Blocking Time (TBT) are critical lab metrics that are vital in identifying potential issues with interactivity that can have a negative impact on FID.
- UPDATE: Keep in mind that Google has recently announced Interaction to Next Paint (INP). This is which is an experimental field metric assessing responsiveness. This metric may or may not replace FID in the future.
How to measure Core Web Vitals
Optimizing for quality is key to the long-term success of any site in the eyes of users and Google. Core Web Vitals represent the best available signals that developers and website owners can use for measuring the quality of the page experience of their websites.
Fortunately, Google is very precise and clear about Web Vitals. In addition to providing lots of documentation and helpful resources, Google also provides tools that take the guesswork out of optimizing websites to ensure that they pass Core Web Vitals.
- This is the reason why practically all of Google’s tools now support the measurement of Core Web Vitals.
- The ideal threshold you should measure will be the 75th percentile of your website’s page loads, segmented across desktop and mobile devices.
This method should be repeated for each of the above metrics. Google is currently working on visual indicators to identify pages that meet all of the page experience criteria listed. This could also mean adding labels to search results, which will indicate which results offer a “good” page experience.
Let me now show you the tools you can use to measure Core Web Vitals.
Tools to measure Core Web Vitals
When it comes to measuring Core Web Vitals, there are 2 types of tools:
- Field tools, also known as Real User Monitoring (RUM) which offer valuable insights into how real users are experiencing a website. The data collected by these tools is called field data.
- Lab tools that offer insights into how a potential user will likely experience a website and will provide reproducible results for debugging. The data collected by these tools is called lab data.
Both types of tools and the data they provide are important.
- If you are a developer, then you are most likely to work mainly with lab tools.
- A website owner or an SEO auditing a site is probably more likely to use field tools since they provide real-world data from real users of the website.
The good news is that Google provides both field and lab tools that you can use to measure Core Web Vitals on your website. Even though Core Web Vitals are Google metrics, there are also non-Google tools that also do a great job assessing these metrics.
Let’s now briefly talk about each tool.
Field tools to measure Core Web Vitals
If you are an SEO or a website owner, you are probably going to rely mostly on field tools.
- Field tools provide information on how real users are actually experiencing a website.
- This type of measurement is often referred to as Real User Monitoring (RUM). The data gathered by field tools are called field data.
Here are the field tools you can use to measure Core Web Vitals.
Google Chrome UX Report (CrUX)
The Google Chrome UX Report (CrUX) is a public dataset that contains data on real-world user experiences based on millions of websites. It measures the field values of Core Web Vitals. The Google Chrome UX Report data comes from opted-in real users.
Requirements: technical knowledge |
Purpose: to get a custom dashboard of Core Web Vitals or to integrate the Core Web Vitals measurement into a web analytics software
Thanks to the CrUX report, website developers and owners can better understand the distribution of actual user experiences on both their own websites and the websites of their competitors.
Google PageSpeed Insights
Google PageSpeed Insights (PSI) reports on both the lab and the field data on the performance of a web page both on mobile and desktop devices. Google PageSpeed Insights can give you an overview of how actual users experience the page because it uses the Chrome UX Report that uses field data.
Purpose: to diagnose lab and field problems on a specific web page
Thanks to Google PageSpeed Insights, you can make use of the data provided by the Chrome UX Report without any technical or coding knowledge.
Google Search Console
Google Search Console is probably the easiest and the simplest tool to measure Core Web Vitals in the field. In order to be able to use the field data provided by GSC, you need to have a verified property in your Google Search Console account.
Google Search Console has the new Core Web Vitals report that allows for identifying groups of web pages on your website that you should pay special attention to. The GSC Core Web Vitals report is based on field data from the Google Chrome UX Reports. This is the real-world data from your users.
Requirements: a verified GSC property
Purpose: to identify groups of web pages that have issues with Core Web Vitals
Thanks to the GSC Core Web Vitals report, you can gen insight into the page experiences of actual users of your website.
Web.dev is yet another way to measure Core Web Vitals together with other performance factors. Web.dev lets you measure your website’s performance over time. The tool also provides a list of guidelines (together with indicating their priority) and tips on how to improve.
Purpose: to get guidance and a prioritized list of guidelines
The web.dev tool not only lets you measure Core Web Vitals but also puts them in a broader context of other important factors, such as overall performance, accessibility, best practices, or SEO.
Requirements: web analytics software and developer knowledge
Purpose: to get a custom Core Web Vitals dashboard and measure real-world data from actual users of the website
This way you measure Core Web Vitals using your web analytics tool if it does not support the measurement of Core Web Vitals by default.
The best example use of this is the Web Vitals report thanks to which you can measure Core Web Vitals in Google Analytics.
Check the article with best practices for measuring Web Vitals in the field to learn more.
Lab tools to measure Core Web Vitals
If you are a developer or work on the development side of your website, you are likely going to use lab tools to measure and test Core Web Vitals.
Lab tools, contrary to field tools, provide information on how a potential user is likely to experience a website. The data provided by lab tools is called lab data. Developers can use lab data for debugging.
Below are the lab tools you can use to measure Core Web Vitals.
Lighthouse is a really awesome Google tool that every website owner should use on a daily basis. It is an automated site auditing tool that lets you diagnose issues on your website and indicates possible ways to improve a user experience. Lighthouse measures a set of various user experience quality metrics in a lab environment.
The latest version of Lighthouse not only measures dimensions, such as performance, SEO, and accessibility, but also Core Web Vitals metrics. A great thing about Lighthouse is that it not only measures these 3 metrics but also factors them in when calculating the overall performance score of the website.
Requirements: Chrome and technical knowledge
Purpose: to make sure Core Web Vitals metrics did not get worse before making any website changes live
This tool is awesome for running an overall page experience audit that assesses multiple signals instead of just Core Web Vitals.
Lighthouse is part of a larger set of Google tools known as Chrome DevTools. As the name suggests, these are the tools for developers and advanced users.
- You can use the Chrome DevTools Performance panel (and the Experience section) to detect any unexpected layout shifts. This is invaluable when it comes to detecting and fixing issues with visual stability on the web pages of your website.
- Chrome DevTools also allow you to diagnose the interaction readiness of your website thanks to measuring Total Blocking Time (TBT) in the footer. The TBT metric is a great indicative of First Input Delay which you cannot measure in the lab.
Requirements: technical and developer knowledge
Purpose: to locally optimize the website and get guidance on what should be fixed
ChromeDev Tools are a set of advanced tools that allow you to deeply analyze your website in the lab environment.
Web Vitals Chrome Extension
Core Web Vitals Chrome Extension is one of the lab tools to measure Core Web Vitals. It allows for measuring these metrics in real-time for Google Chrome for desktop. It is especially useful for:
- developers to control and measure the metrics as they work on the website
- a bit advanced users who want a simple diagnostic tool to measure Core Web Vitals as they browse the web
The extension is available in the Chrome Web Store.
Purpose: to get a real-time overview of Core Web Vitals on desktop
Whether you are a beginner or an advanced user, you should have this Chrome extension installed in your browser.
Other tools to measure Core Web Vitals
Google tools for measuring Core Web Vitals should, of course, be your main tools. However, there are also a few other non-Google tools that you can use.
Core SERP Vitals Chrome Extension
Core SERP Vitals displays Core Web Vitals data from the Chrome User Experience Report directly in search results in Google. You do not need to manually check the Core Web Vitals metrics of a particular web page from search results because you will now see the metrics directly in SERPs.
Core SERP Vitals displays the values for LCP, FID, and CLS directly below the link to the web page in search results.
Purpose: to get information about Core Web Vitals metrics directly in search results
Core SERP Vitals is another Chrome extension that you probably want to be using.
Together with Google PageSpeed Insights, GTmetrix is one of the most popular tools for measuring the speed and performance of websites. In its latest version, GTmetrix also measures Core Web Vitals (on the basis of the data from Lighthouse).
- Requirements: none
- Level: intermediate
- Purpose: to get an overview of the speed and performance of the website
Not only does GTmetrix measure Core Web Vitals but it also displays a very clear speed visualization graph.
If you are a website owner or an SEO, you should be using this tool on a daily basis. I love it.
WebPageTest is invaluable if you want to dig deeper into the speed and performance of your website. The tool allows for advanced testing with different test locations, device types, connection types, and more.
Not only will it give you information on Core Web Vitals metrics, but also provide a ton of useful charts and diagrams.
- Requirements: none
- Level: advanced
- Purpose: to get a detailed overview of the performance of a website
The WebPageTest is one of the more advanced tools for measuring the speed and performance of the website.
Layout Shift GIF Generator
Finally, there is a fun tool called Layout Shit GIF Generator that lets you visualize the Core Web Vitals metric CLS (cumulative layout shift) with a funny GIF. All you need to do is enter the URL of the website to test and choose either mobile or desktop.
- Requirements: none
- Level: beginner
- Purpose: to get a very fun visualization of the layout shifts on any website
This is one of my favorite tools for measuring Core Web Vitals. If someone has a problem understanding the CLS metric, then you should show them this tool.
On the screenshot below you can see the GIFs generated by the tool for the blog URL of my website (which passes CLS) and for the homepage (which does not pass CLS).
⚡ Make sure to check my full list of tools to measure Core Web Vitals.
How to improve Core Web Vitals
You now know all the ways to measure Core Web Vitals and probably know exactly how your website is doing in terms of these metrics. You also understand what each metric does and why it is important.
Let’s now talk about how you can optimize Core Web Vitals.
How to improve Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)
You must address and fix these individually to improve your LCP score. Here is what you can do:
- Use TTFB to measure the server response time and improve it by:
- routing users to a nearby CDN,
- caching assets,
- establishing third-party network connections (rel=”preconnect”).
- minifying CSS,
- deferring non-critical CSS,
- inlining critical CSS,
- minimizing unused polyfills.
- Improve slow resource load times by:
- optimizing and compressing images,
- preloading important resources,
- compressing text files,
- delivering different assets based on the network connection,
- caching assets using a service worker to improve load time.
- Make sure to remove large elements from your web pages, as these elements have a significant impact on the time it takes for a website to load fully.
- Use server-side rendering and/or pre-rendering.
Doing the above steps will help you reduce the time that your page takes to load. You can learn even more on how to optimize LCP on web.dev.
How to improve First Input Delay (FID)
To improve the FID of your website, you may want to check these methods:
- Break Long Tasks into small and asynchronous tasks:
- break up the code that blocks the main thread for 50 ms or more,
- explore code-splitting,
- check the waterfall in Chrome DevTools for examples.
- Optimize your page to be ready for interactions:
- address Total Blocking Time (TBT) by optimizing the Critical Rendering Path,
- move slow and unnecessary components out of the Critical Path.
- minimizing unused polyfills.
- Comlink is a helper library that abstracts postMessage and makes it easier to use
- Workway is a general-purpose web worker exporter
- Workerize will help you move a module into a web worker
- Using third-party scripts like Google Analytics can slow down your FID. To improve FID, get rid of any third-party scripts that aren’t crucial to the page.
You can learn more about how to improve FID on web.dev.
How to improve Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)
The main reasons behind a poor CLS are images, ads, iframes and embeds without dimensions, dynamically injected content, and web Fonts causing FOIT/FOUT.
The following actions could solve these problems and improve a website’s CLS score:
- Add height and width specifications to images and video elements so that the browser knows exactly how much space is required for each element.
- Reserve space for ads, embeds, and iframes so that the browser knows where they need to appear. This will ensure that ads don’t just show up randomly on the screen, ruining the user experience by pushing content up and down.
- Avoid adding content on top of one another unless this is absolutely necessary or required.
- Use pre-loaded fonts or tools that help you reduce the Flash of Unstyled Text and Flash of Invisible Text.
- Avoid actions that need to wait for a network response before updating DOM.
- Be careful with dynamically injected content.
- Try to anticipate the maximum space needed.
You can learn more about how to optimize CLS on web.dev.
How to optimize Core Web Vitals in WordPress
If you are not a technical person, you may feel a little overwhelmed by the number of technicalities above.
Fortunately, if you have a WordPress website (and the chances are you do), you can improve the performance of your site with the help of speed plugins. While there are a lot of speed and performance plugins for WordPress, only a few really do the job.
You can significantly improve the speed of your website with the following WordPress plugins
WP Rocket is a fantastic plugin that requires no technical knowledge to set it up. Check my whole in-depth WP Rocket review to learn more about the plugin and how it compares with other similar caching plugins.
Here is my website in Google PageSpeed Insights with WP Rocket and without it.
Imagify is a great plugin for compressing images in bulk. Not only will it compress all of the existing images on your website, but it will also automatically compress any new images you upload.
With these two plugins alone you can significantly improve the Core Web Vitals metrics on your site. And, unless you want to, you don’t need to do anything other than installing and activating the plugin.
Core Web Vitals & SEO
As an SEO expert, I get a lot of questions about how Core Web Vitals can or will influence the website in terms of SEO. How important are they? How much should we care about them?
Here are my own thoughts and conclusions regarding Core Web Vitals and SEO:
- One ranking factor out of hundreds. Core Web Vitals are important but they are only one tiny factor out of hundreds of ranking factors Google algorithms use to assess and rank websites.
- One page experience factor out of five. Core Web Vitals are only one of a total of four page experience factors. If you want to have an edge, make sure that your website passes all Google page experience signals.
- No magic behind Core Web Vitals. Core Web Vitals will not let you magically rank number 1 if you don’t have absolutely outstanding content that meets the needs of your users. This is only a technical factor that may help awesome content rank better. Content is still the KING.
- Look at your competitors. Core Web Vitals as a ranking factor may have a negative impact on your website probably only if your website is way behind its competition when it comes to meeting these metrics AND if it does not have better content than its competitors.
- Content is still KING. Let’s say there are two websites about the same topic. The first website has awesome content and poor Core Web Vitals metrics while the second website has poor content but passes Core Web Vitals. In that situation, the first website will still outrank the second website.
- One puzzle piece. Core Web Vitals are only a small piece of a very large pie called SEO.
- Check my other in-depth SEO guides to get the whole picture. You may want to start with my guide on how to do a technical SEO audit (200+ items).
Core Web Vitals FAQs
I am pretty sure that I have beaten the topic of Core Web Vitals to death. However, if you still feel that you do not understand it completely, take a look at Core Web Vitals FAQs prepared by Google.
If you don’t have time to read the article, here are the Core Web Vitals takeaways:
- Core Web Vitals are user-centric metrics, which means they focus on understanding, measuring, and improving user experiences.
- Core Web Vitals are assessed on a per-page basis, which means that some of your web pages may meet these metrics while others may not.
- The immediate benefit of passing all Core Web Vitals is a great user experience.
- AMP pages are more likely to pass Core Web Vitals than regular web pages because of the way they are built. That, however, does not mean that a non-AMP page cannot meet these thresholds nor that all AMP pages automatically pass Core Web Vitals.
- A great resource for learning about how to speed up websites is https://web.dev/fast/.
- Page experience signals understood as ranking factors will only apply to mobile Search at this time.
- It is important to differentiate between the data provided by Lighthouse (lab data) and the Google Search Console Core Web Vitals report that shows field data from real users of the website. Therefore, you may see errors in the GSC Core Web Vitals report but see no issues in Lighthouse.
- Do not confuse mobile-friendliness with the website being fast for mobile. These are two different things.
- The new update will also made non-AMP content eligible to appear in the mobile “Top Stories” feature in search.
- Do not forget that content still remains a very strong signal and Core Web Vitals are more of the icing on the cake.
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Office: RLM 17.220
Phone: (512) 471-3425
Syllabus for printing (pdf)
We will present an overview of the contents of the Universe, with a physical explanation of what is there. The
emphasis will be on how astronomers study the Universe and explanations for what they find, rather than on
descriptions. College-level physics and calculus are not required, but we will use high school math (some
trigonometry) and science (Newton's laws).
"Astronomy Today", by Chaisson and McMillan, 6th Edition Note: this book is aimed at non-science majors,
and so uses less math than we will use. Lectures will give more quantitative explanations. Notes will be available
to members of the class.
Homework will be assigned each Friday, due at the beginning of class the next Friday (as noted). Late homework
will receive 1/2 credit. You may get help on homework (or anything else) from the professor or TA during office
hours or by appointment. You are welcome to work on homework with other students, but verbatim copies of
homeworks will not be accepted.
There will be 6 half-period quizzes, one roughly every two weeks. Changes to the topics to be covered will be
announced in class the week before each quiz.
Homework will count 1/4 of your grade, quizzes will count 1/3, participation (class and extras) 1/12, and the
final exam 1/3. Your lowest homework and lowest quiz score will be dropped. Note: You will not be allowed to drop
quizzes you have not taken or homework you have not handed in. We will not have one make-up quiz at the end
of the semester. You will only be eligible to take this quiz if you have either (a) an officially excused absence under
university policy (sanctioned event, religious holiday)and have complied with the notification rules or (b) notified
us prior to a quiz of a significantly impairing illness or injury. Exceptions to (b) will only be granted to those who
can demonstrate that they were comatose (not asleep) before and during the quiz in question. Although this is not a
writing class, test answers will usually consist of short written explanations, and we will count off for confusing or
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|
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| 0.922101
| 499
| 2.453125
| 2
|
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