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1,900 | Effects of thyroid hormone on the cardiovascular system. | Increased or reduced action of thyroid hormone on certain molecular pathways in the heart and vasculature causes relevant cardiovascular derangements. It is well established that overt hyperthyroidism induces a hyperdynamic cardiovascular state (high cardiac output with low systemic vascular resistance), which is assoc... |
1,901 | Prevalence of the Brugada electrocardiographic pattern at the Medical Center of Louisiana in New Orleans. | Since 1992 the Brugada syndrome has gained recognition as a cause of ventricular fibrillation. The syndrome was originally described in patients with the diagnostic triad of (1) right bundle branch block, (2) an electrocardiogram (ECG) with persistent ST-segment elevation in leads V1, V2, and V3, and (3) sudden cardiac... |
1,902 | Risk of ventricular proarrhythmia with selective opening of the myocardial sarcolemmal versus mitochondrial ATP-gated potassium channel. | Myocardial ATP-gated potassium channels (K-ATPs) are critical in the intracellular signaling cascade resulting in ischemic preconditioning (IP). Mitochondrial K-ATP channels seem to be responsible for IP, whereas the functions of K-ATP channels in the sarcolemmal membrane are less well understood. The proarrhythmic pot... |
1,903 | [Ionic currents and ventricular fibrillation dynamics]. | Ventricular fibrillation is the principal immediate cause of sudden cardiac death. Yet, in contrast to other arrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation is considered to be inaccessible to pharmacologic therapy because of its characteristic and apparently never-ending disarray of electrical waves that seem to propagate chaot... |
1,904 | Treatment of advanced colorectal carcinoma with oxaliplatin and capecitabine: a phase II trial. | The current study was designed to evaluate the antitumor activity and toxicity of capecitabine and oxaliplatin in previously untreated patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. The primary endpoint of the study was to determine the objective response rate, and a secondary endpoint was to measure the time to disease ... |
1,905 | Frequency and outcome of in-hospital resuscitation outside the ICU-setting. | Guidelines on performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation and its research have been published. Only few data concerning in-hospital resuscitation are available from Switzerland. The aim of our study was to evaluate the frequency and outcome of cardiopulmonary arrests in our hospital and to look for ways of improving our ... |
1,906 | 17-year follow-up study of a patient with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with a deletion mutation in the cardiac myosin binding protein C gene. | A 60-year-old Japanese man with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was found to have a mutation in the cardiac myosin binding protein C gene: a single base deletion of a thymidine residue at nucleotide 11645 (codon 593) in exon 18. He was diagnosed at the age of 43 and has been followed for 17 years. During this f... |
1,907 | Evaluation of the usefulness of recording the ECG in the 3rd intercostal space and prevalence of Brugada-type ECG in accordance with recently established electrocardiographic criteria. | It has been reported that recording electrocardiograms (ECGs) in the 3rd intercostal space (ICS) is one method that can be used for detecting Brugada syndrome; however, the prevalence of Brugada-type ECGs recorded in the 3rd ICS and the usefulness of recording the ECG in the 3rd ICS in accordance with recently establis... |
1,908 | Arrhythmias late after repair of tetralogy of fallot: a Japanese Multicenter Study. | Arrhythmia is a major late complication in adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot, although a large-scale study has not been carried out in Japan.</AbstractText>A nationwide multicenter study with 512 operative survivors was performed. Actuarial survival rate at 30 years (maximum follow-up) was 98.4%. Fifty-four pati... |
1,909 | Sildenafil (Viagra) reduces arrhythmia severity during ischaemia 24 h after oral administration in dogs. | Sildenafil (Viagra) prolongs repolarisation in cardiac muscle, an effect that could lead to ventricular fibrillation (VF). Sildenafil (2 mg kg(-1)) was given by mouth to 12 mongrel dogs and, 24 h later, these dogs were anaesthetised, thoracotomised and subjected to a 25 min occlusion of the anterior descending coronary... |
1,910 | Mortality and rate of stroke or embolism in atrial fibrillation during long-term follow-up in the embolism in left atrial thrombi (ELAT) study. | Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) have a higher mortality and risk of stroke/embolism than patients with sinus rhythm.</AbstractText>The aim of the study was to assess the association of clinical and echocardiographic characteristics with mortality and stroke/embolism and the use of antithrombotic medication in th... |
1,911 | Prognostic significance of the signal averaged electrocardiogram in patients with chronic stable coronary artery disease. Analysis in the time domain and by spectral temporal mapping. | Ventricular late potentials detected by the signal averaged electrocardiogram (SAECG) have been used to predict cardiac death in patients after recent myocardial infarction. The goal of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of the SAECG in a population of chronic coronary artery disease, with and wi... |
1,912 | Perspectives and new approaches for improving cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults beyond current guidelines. | Setting clear priorities for the sequence and importance of actions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is of utmost importance for future guidelines. Unless performed under the rare condition of hypoxic arrest, combined compression and ventilation is usually not necessary in one-rescuer resuscitation of adults.... |
1,913 | Dual defibrillator improves quality of life and decreases hospitalizations in patients with drug refractory atrial fibrillation. | to evaluate the impact of dual defibrillator implantation on quality of life and resource utilization in patients with drug refractory atrial fibrillation (AF) without prior ventricular arrhythmias.</AbstractText>Forty patients (28 M, mean age 64 +/- 10) received a dual defibrillator Medtronic 7250. AF was persistent i... |
1,914 | The circadian variation of atrial defibrillation thresholds. | A circadian variation exists for ventricular defibrillation thresholds (DFTs) with a morning peak and a corresponding decrease in therapy success rates from implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Such a variation in atrial DFTs may have implications for the timing of internal cardioversion of atrial arrhythmias. The ... |
1,915 | Trials of pacing to control ventricular rate during atrial fibrillation. | Pharmacologic therapy to achieve rate control in patients with atrial fibrillation is often difficult and inadequate. For this reason, ventricular pacing strategies have been developed as an alternative to drug therapy to alleviate symptoms due to rapid and irregular ventricular rates. Ventricular pacing in combination... |
1,916 | Facilitating electrical cardioversion of persistant atrial fibrillation by antiarrhythmic drugs: update on clinical trial results. | Results from clinical trials suggest that antiarrhythmic drugs (AD) can facilitate electrical cardioversion (EC) for persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) (duration >48 hours, no spontaneous termination) by suppression of immediate reinitiation of AF following the procedure. Class IC agents may increase the atrial def... |
1,917 | Biphasic versus monophasic shock waveform for conversion of atrial fibrillation. | Cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) using traditional monophasic shock waveform is unsuccessful in up to 20% of cases, and often requires several shocks of up to 360 J. Based on the success with biphasic shock waveform in converting ventricular fibrillation, it was postulated that biphasic shocks would allow card... |
1,918 | Quality of life variables in the selection of rate versus rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation: observations from the Canadian Trial of Atrial Fibrillation. | Many patients with atrial fibrillation develop symptoms attributable to the cardiac arrhythmia itself. These symptoms may be improved either by restoring sinus rhythm or by controlling the rapid and irregular ventricular response that often accompanies this arrhythmia. One of the principal goals of therapy of atrial fi... |
1,919 | Role of beta-blocker therapy in heart failure and atrial fibrillation. | Heart failure is a serious disorder associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Approximately 15-30% patients with systolic heart failure are in atrial fibrillation and the proportion increases with severity of heart failure. Patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation have worse outcome than those in ... |
1,920 | Beta blockers improve outcome in patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation: U.S. carvedilol study. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is present in a significant number of patients with heart failure (HF) caused by left ventricular systolic dysfunction and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The deleterious interaction of AF and HF is mediated through a number of mechanisms including hemodynamic alterations ... |
1,921 | Role of dofetilide in patients with atrial fibrillation. Insights from the Symptomatic Atrial Fibrillation Investigative Research on Dofetilide (SAFIRE-D) study. | Dofetilide is a class III antiarrhythmic drug (potassium channel blocker) that has been approved by the regulatory agencies in the United States and throughout the world to convert atrial fibrillation and maintain sinus rhythm. Therapy is initiated in-hospital during heart rhythm monitoring. Doses are selected accordin... |
1,922 | Does conversion and prevention of atrial fibrillation enhance survival in patients with left ventricular dysfunction? Evidence from the Danish Investigations of Arrhythmia and Mortality ON Dofetilide/(DIAMOND) study. | Atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia in patients with left ventricular dysfunction associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The present study investigated the potential of dofetilide to restore and maintain sinus rhythm in patients with left ventricular dysfunction, which might reduce mortality and hosp... |
1,923 | Rationale for the Atrial Fibrillation and Congestive Heart Failure (AF-CHF) trial. | Congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation (AF) are two important and growing problems in medicine and cardiology. Both conditions often coexist and complicate each other's management. Two therapeutic strategies are available for patients with AF and congestive heart failure: the first aims at restoring and maint... |
1,924 | Significance of atrial fibrillation during acute myocardial infarction, and its current management: insights from the GUSTO-3 trial. | The Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO)-3 atrial fibrillation (AF) substudy assessed the prognostic significance of AF during acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the use of antiarrhythmic therapies, and whether different antiarrhythmic therapies were associated with different outcomes. Th... |
1,925 | Mechanisms by which SCN5A mutation N1325S causes cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death in vivo. | Mutations in the cardiac sodium channel gene SCN5A are responsible for type-3 long QT disease (LQT3). The genesis of cardiac arrhythmias in LQT3 is multifaceted, and the aim of this study was to further explore mechanisms by which SCN5A mutations lead to arrhythmogenesis in vivo.</AbstractText>We engineered selective c... |
1,926 | Electrophysiological changes in heart failure and their relationship to arrhythmogenesis. | This review focuses mainly on studies in non-ischemic animal models of heart failure. These animals develop ventricular arrhythmias, mostly non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, and often die suddenly. Clinical studies suggest that sudden death is due to ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation in about 50% of cases, t... |
1,927 | Acute comparative effect of right and left ventricular pacing in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation. | We tested the hypothesis that left ventricular (LV) pacing is superior to right ventricular (RV) apical pacing in patients undergoing atrioventricular (AV) junction ablation and pacing for permanent atrial fibrillation. The potential benefit of LV over RV pacing needs to be evaluated without the confounding effect of o... |
1,928 | Is early hospital discharge feasible following normothermic coronary artery surgery on the fibrillating heart? | Protocols for the earlier discharge of cardiac surgical patients are gaining popularity. We present our experience with an early hospital discharge policy following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) on the fibrillating heart.</AbstractText>Three-hundred and ninety-two consecutive patients who underwent elective CA... |
1,929 | Inducibility of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias is related to maximum left ventricular thickness and clinical markers of sudden cardiac death in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy attributable to the Asp175Asn mutation in the alpha-tropomyosin gene. | We investigated inducibility of life-threatening arrhythmias with programmed ventricular stimulation (PVS) in relation to clinical markers of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in subjects with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) attributable to the Asp175Asn mutation in the alpha-tropomyosin gene (TPM1-Asp175Asn). PVS was perfo... |
1,930 | Automated external defibrillator use among the general population. | Automated External Defibrillators (AED) are becoming more prominent in public locations within the mainstream of our society. They are marketed as providing the ability for a broader range of people, beyond clinicians and community emergency medical services personal, to successfully defibrillate a person in cardiac ar... |
1,931 | Chronic kidney disease and sudden death: strategies for prevention. | The association between chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular death is accounted for, in part, by higher rates of serious arrhythmias. Research shows an independent relationship between worsened renal function and atrial fibrillation, heart block, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, and asystole. The... |
1,932 | Atrioventricular nodal fast pathway modification: mechanism for lack of ventricular rate slowing in atrial fibrillation. | Atrioventricular node (AVN) modification is one of the alternatives for ventricular rate control in patients with drug refractory atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the underlying mechanisms, and in particular the role of the dual pathway electrophysiology is not clear. By using a novel index, His electrogram (HE) alte... |
1,933 | Effects of shock strengths on ventricular defibrillation failure. | The mechanism of defibrillation is controversial. Reentry appearing immediately after the shock has been shown to be responsible for defibrillation failure in some studies while other studies have demonstrated that a rapid train of focal activations with the first focus appearing >50 ms after the shock is responsibl... |
1,934 | Correlation between dispersion of repolarization (QT dispersion) and ventricular ectopic beat frequency in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a marker for risk of arrhythmogenesis? | QT dispersion (QTd) has evoked a lot of interest in recent years as regards the basic concept of dispersion of repolarization, which it is supposed to reflect on a surface ECG, as being a marker or substrate for arrhythmogenesis. QTd has been shown to be high in patients with ventricular fibrillation and tachycardia. B... |
1,935 | Treatment of cardiac arrest with automatic external defibrillators: impact on outcome. | Sudden cardiac death is the leading cause of death in the US and most developed nations. Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is the most common initial rhythm in survivors of cardiac arrest. The most important factor in determining survival from VF is the time from collapse to administration of the first defibrillation shock... |
1,936 | Current management of symptomatic atrial fibrillation. | Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most commonly encountered sustained arrhythmia. Heart rate control, reduction of symptoms, and prevention of embolism are major goals of treatment. Whether the strategy of cardioversion with subsequent maintenance of sinus rhythm has an advantage over heart rate control is under active i... |
1,937 | Electrotherapeutic management of patients with heart failure. | Heart failure is associated with poor long term survival due to progressive refractory heart dysfunction and sudden cardiac death. Cardiac resynchronization through atrio-biventricular pacing has been introduced to treat patients affected by drug-refractory heart failure with desynchronized ventricular activation, as f... |
1,938 | Use of beta-blockers in atrial fibrillation. | Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in the general population and is frequently associated with organic heart disease. beta-adrenoceptor antagonists (b-blockers) are very effective in preventing atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery. It has been shown recently that the beta-blocker meto... |
1,939 | Atrial fibrillation in patients after cardiovascular surgery: incidence, risk factors, preventive and therapeutic strategies. | Atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery is a common problem, occurring in 25-50% of patients. Older patients and those with a prior history of atrial fibrillation are at highest risk, as are those patients in whom preoperative treatment with beta-blockers has been discontinued. The immediate s... |
1,940 | [Atrial fibrillation as end point of hypertension. Can antihypertensive therapy prevent it?]. | The most effective and safest option for the prevention of atrial fibrillation and its sequelae--cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, stroke)--is primary prophylaxis. Here, the management of arterial hypertension--the most common cause underlying atrial fibrillation--is of considerable importance. In addition to blo... |
1,941 | Implications of prolonged pause in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation with mitral valve disease undergoing atrial compartment operation. | Prolonged pause is commonly seen in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), but the electrophysiologic mechanism and clinical importance of this phenomenon are not clear. This study examined the incidence and clinical importance of prolonged pause in patients with chronic AF and mitral valve disease before and after AF... |
1,942 | Quantifying ventricular fibrillation: in silico research and clinical implications. | Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death in otherwise healthy humans. In particular, most cases of sudden cardiac death occur as a result of failure of the mechanical function of the heart which is triggered by a turbulent pattern of electrical excitation of the heart e.g., ventricular fibrillation (VF... |
1,943 | Combined phase singularity and wavefront analysis for optical maps of ventricular fibrillation. | Much of the research into the mechanisms of ventricular fibrillation (VF) employs high-resolution mapping of electrical activation and recovery patterns. We previously developed a method for analyzing electrically mapped VF patterns that was based on identifying individual VF wavefronts. We now introduce a related meth... |
1,944 | Filament behavior in a computational model of ventricular fibrillation in the canine heart.<Pagination><StartPage>28</StartPage><EndPage>34</EndPage><MedlinePgn>28-34</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>The aim of this paper was to quantify the behavior of filaments in a computational model of re-entrant v... | The aim of this paper was to quantify the behavior of filaments in a computational model of re-entrant ventricular fibrillation. We simulated cardiac activation in an anisotropic monodomain with excitation described by the Fenton-Karma model with Beeler-Reuter restitution, and geometry by the Auckland canine ventricle.... |
1,945 | Effects of a novel cardioselective ATP-sensitive potassium channel antagonist, 1-[[5-[2-(5-chloro-o-anisamido)ethyl]-beta-methoxyethoxyphenyl]sulfonyl]-3-methylthiourea, sodium salt (HMR 1402), on susceptibility to ventricular fibrillation induced by myocardial ischemia: in vitro and in vivo studies. | In the present study, a novel sulfonylthiourea, 1-[[5-[2-(5-chloro-o-anisamido)ethyl]-beta-methoxyethoxyphenyl]sulfonyl]-3-methylthiourea, sodium salt (HMR 1402), was investigated using in vitro and in vivo systems. HMR 1402 inhibited rilmakalim-induced currents in rat and guinea pig myocytes (IC(50) = 60 and 509 nM, r... |
1,946 | Intraluminal coronary shunting preserves regional myocardial perfusion and function. | Coronary artery hemostasis during offpump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) may be achieved with extraluminal coronary occlusion or intraluminal coronary shunting. We sought to determine with a normal porcine beating-heart model whether coronary shunting preserves regional myocardial perfusion and function compared with c... |
1,947 | Spontaneous ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation in a patient with a positive microvolt T wave alternans test and negative electrophysiological study. | This report describes a patient with a previous myocardial infarction who presented with syncope. The patient had a positive microvolt T wave alternans test, a negative electrophysiological study, and a normal heart rate variability. In hospital, the patient had episodes of ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. An ... |
1,948 | Transcutaneous implantation of an internal cardioverter defibrillator in a small infant with recurrent myocardial ischemia and cardiac arrest simulating sudden infant death syndrome. | This report describes the implantation of a transcutaneous ICD system using a small patch electrode in the subscapular position, and an active-can device in a 5.3-kg infant. The indication for ICD implantation was recurrent cardiac arrest in the presence of normal coronary anatomy. Metabolic evaluation suggested a defe... |
1,949 | Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome concomitant with asymptomatic Brugada syndrome. | A 29-year-old man was referred for electrophysiological testing and radiofrequency ablation because of repeated episodes of palpitation over 2 years. A 12-lead electrocardiogram during sinus rhythm showed manifest Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and during palpitation showed narrow QRS tachycardia at a rate of 213 beats... |
1,950 | Cardioverter defibrillator implantation in a child with isolated noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium and ventricular fibrillation. | Isolated noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium is a rare unclassified cardiomyopathy and is thought to be due to arrest of myocardial morphogenesis. In fetal life, it is characterized by an excessively prominent trabecular meshwork and deep intratrabecular recesses, and occurs in the left ventricle in the absence... |
1,951 | Shock on T versus direct current voltage for induction of ventricular fibrillation: a randomized prospective comparison. | VF is induced during ICD implantation to determine efficacy of therapy. Establishing the best clinical method of induction of VF would potentially be beneficial in reducing the number of induction attempts and reducing the frequency of inadvertent induction of VT. Commonly used methods to induce VF include shock in the... |
1,952 | Evaluation of cardiovascular status in severe leptospirosis. | To note incidence and profile of cardiac involvement in severe leptospirosis in South Gujarat.</AbstractText>A study was carried out on twenty-five serologically proved leptospirosis patients referred to Government Medical College, New Civil Hospital, Surat between June 2002 to September 2002. In all the patients detai... |
1,953 | Dissociation between ionic remodeling and ability to sustain atrial fibrillation during recovery from experimental congestive heart failure. | Congestive heart failure (CHF) downregulates atrial transient outward (I(to)), slow delayed rectifier (I(Ks)), and L-type Ca(2+) (I(Ca,L)) currents and upregulates Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchange current (I(NCX)) (ionic remodeling) and causes atrial fibrosis (structural remodeling). The relative importance of ionic versus struct... |
1,954 | National trends in antiarrhythmic and antithrombotic medication use in atrial fibrillation. | Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia associated with significant medical complications. We examined trends in the medical therapy of atrial fibrillation in the United States from 1991 through 2000.</AbstractText>Data from 1355 visits among patients with atrial fibrillation were obtained from the Na... |
1,955 | Detecting instabilities of cardiac rhythm. | Diminished beat-to-beat variations in cardiac cycle lengths (CLs) are associated with poor prognosis after acute myocardial infarction and in patients with heart failure. Short-long-short sequences of cardiac cycles, or ultra-short rhythm instabilities, precede initiation of ventricular tachyarrhythmias in some patient... |
1,956 | Analysis of complex T-wave oscillations for prediction of ventricular fibrillation. | Increased attention has been focused on oscillatory behavior of the T wave as a manifestation of heightened electrical instability and risk for ventricular fibrillation (VF). This interest has stemmed from an increasing number of experimental and clinical studies indicating that the relatively simple ABAB oscillation o... |
1,957 | Arrhythmia database for algorithm testing: surface leads plus intracardiac leads for validation. | Ann Arbor Electrogram Libraries (AAEL) is a database of over 500 electrocardiographic recordings made during clinical electrophysiology studies over a period of 15 years. These data are used by university researchers and cardiac device research and development laboratories to develop and test arrhythmia detection algor... |
1,958 | Noninvasive risk stratification in postinfarction patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction and methodology of the MADIT II noninvasive electrocardiology substudy. | Sudden cardiac death occurs as a result of a complex interplay of changes in myocardial substrate, imbalance of autonomic regulation of the heart, and myocardial vulnerability. Noninvasive electrocardiology serves as a comprehensive tool for investigating factors representing mechanistic pathways leading to cardiac eve... |
1,959 | Increased susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias in a rodent model of experimental depression. | Depression is an important public health problem and is considered to be an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease. The pathophysiological mechanisms that link depression with adverse cardiovascular events (e.g., myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, and sudden death) are not well established. It is ... |
1,960 | Azimilide decreases recurrent ventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators. | This study evaluated the effects of azimilide dihydrochloride (AZ) on anti-tachycardia pacing (ATP) and shock-terminated events in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs).</AbstractText>Animal studies have shown the effectiveness of AZ for therapy of supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia (VT... |
1,961 | [Precipitating factors associated with diastolic heart failure in the elderly]. | Beside basal myocardial dysfunction, acute heart failure involves associated factors, which increase pulmonary capillary pressure or decrease colloid osmotic pressure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of these precipitating factors in a population presenting with acute heart failure with preserved l... |
1,962 | A comparison of vasopressin and epinephrine for out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation. | Vasopressin is an alternative to epinephrine for vasopressor therapy during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, but clinical experience with this treatment has been limited.</AbstractText>We randomly assigned adults who had had an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest to receive two injections of either 40 IU of vasopressin or 1 m... |
1,963 | Susceptibility to ischemia and reperfusion arrhythmias in myocardial hypertrophy: due to flow of injury current? | Left ventricle (LV) hypertrophy is associated with an increased risk of sudden death, which may be due in part to a greater vulnerability to severe ventricular arrhythmias. Our objectives were to determine (i) whether pressure overload-induced LV hypertrophy increases susceptibility to ischemia- and/or reperfusion-indu... |
1,964 | External cardioversion in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation: a reappraisal of the effects of electrode pad position and transthoracic impedance on cardioversion success. | The optimal methods to perform external cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) have yet to be conclusively determined. This study was performed to examine the relative efficacy of different pad positions on cardioversion success and the relationship between the transthoracic impedance (TTI) and energy requirement fo... |
1,965 | [Coronary artery bypass grafting in patients following percutaneous coronary interventions]. | To investigate and analyze the clinical outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with history of previous percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI).</AbstractText>We studied 76 patients with a history of PCI who underwent CABG surgery in our institute from August of 1999 to April of 2002, which wa... |
1,966 | Cardiac and metabolic effects in patients who present with a multinodular goitre. | Twenty-six consecutive patients who presented with clinically euthyroid multinodular goitre were studied for an overnight fasting serum lipid profile and 24 h Holter monitoring. Mean serum TSH was 0.6 +/- 0.4 vs 2.4 +/- 1.3 mU/l (p < 0.0001) and mean TT3 2.4 +/- 0.4 vs 2.0 +/- 0.5 nmol/l (p = 0.009) in patients vs c... |
1,967 | Lack of utility of telemetry monitoring for identification of cardiac death and life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmias in low-risk patients with chest pain. | Low-risk patients with chest pain are often admitted to monitored beds; however, the use of telemetry beds in this cohort is not evidence based. We tested the hypothesis that monitoring admitted low-risk patients with chest pain for dysrhythmia is low yield (<1% detection of life-threatening dysrhythmias requiring t... |
1,968 | Spontaneous gasping generates cardiac output during cardiac arrest. | To measure stroke volumes coincident with spontaneous gasping during untreated ventricular fibrillation and to evaluate the effects of gasping.</AbstractText>Prospective study in laboratory animals.</AbstractText>University-affiliated research institute.</AbstractText>Male Yorkshire-X domestic pigs.</AbstractText>Pigs ... |
1,969 | Canadian Trial of Physiological Pacing: Effects of physiological pacing during long-term follow-up. | The Canadian Trial of Physiological Pacing (CTOPP) reported that the risk of stroke or cardiovascular death was similar between patients receiving ventricular versus physiological pacemakers at the end of the original follow-up period of 3 years. However, the occurrence of atrial fibrillation was significantly less fre... |
1,970 | Clinical characteristics of and long-term outcome in Chinese patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. | Data on the phenotypical pattern and natural history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Chinese patients are very limited. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of and long-term outcome in Chinese patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.</AbstractText>We evaluated 118 Chinese patients ... |
1,971 | Enhancement of myocardial vulnerability by atrial fibrillation. | Certain groups are known to have an increased risk for sudden cardiac death. Epidemiologic studies have suggested that patients with atrial fibrillation may be at higher risk. The authors hypothesize that atrial fibrillation may increase myocardial vulnerability. To test this hypothesis, 37 dogs were studied using prog... |
1,972 | Intracellular Ca dynamics in ventricular fibrillation. | In the heart, membrane voltage (Vm) and intracellular Ca (Cai) are bidirectionally coupled, so that ionic membrane currents regulate Cai cycling and Cai affects ionic currents regulating action potential duration (APD). Although Cai reliably and consistently tracks Vm at normal heart rates, it is possible that at very ... |
1,973 | Predictors of early ventricular fibrillation before reperfusion therapy for acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction. | Early VF accounts for the majority of deaths during the acute phase of acute MI. In patients treated with fibrinolytics, in-hospital VF occurs most frequently with inferior MI. Contrariwise, out-of-hospital VF seems to be associated with anterior wall MI and preinfarction angina (preconditioning) may protect against VF... |
1,974 | Affinity and intrinsic efficacy (IE) of 5'-carbamoyl adenosine analogues for the A1 adenosine receptor--efforts towards the discovery of a chronic ventricular rate control agent for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). | The SAR for the affinity to the A(1) adenosine receptor and relative intrinsic efficacy (IE, [(35)S]-GTPgammaS binding) of a series of 5'-carbamate and 5'-thionocarbamate derivatives of tecadenoson is described. Based on this SAR, selected compounds were evaluated in guinea pig isolated hearts to determine whether they... |
1,975 | Value of the implantable loop recorder for the management of patients with unexplained syncope. | Recurrent syncope often remains unexplained despite extensive multidisciplinary screening. The implantable loop recorder (ILR) may be a tool to define the cardiac arrhythmias underlying syncope.</AbstractText>The study population consisted of 43 consecutive patients with unexplained syncope who underwent extensive card... |
1,976 | Performance of a dual-chamber implantable defibrillator algorithm for discrimination of ventricular from supraventricular tachycardia. | Inappropriate therapies remain a major problem in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). Decreasing the proportion of inappropriate therapies is a major objective. With the addition of atrial detection and advanced algorithms, dual-chamber ICDs are designed to offer better discrimination of ventr... |
1,977 | Evaluation of body weight as a predictive factor for transvenous ventricular defibrillation characteristics. | To investigate the correlation between body weight and defibrillation threshold (DFT) for transvenous lead systems using a porcine model.</AbstractText>Twenty-eight pigs were anaesthetised and DFTs assessed in single and dual coil configurations using a four-reversal binary search method. DFT was correlated with body w... |
1,978 | Risks for atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure in patients >/=65 years of age with abnormal left ventricular diastolic relaxation. | We sought to determine the risk for the first episodes of atrial fibrillation (AF) and congestive heart failure (CHF) in a cohort of patients aged >/=65 years who had abnormal left ventricular (LV) diastolic relaxation. Records were reviewed for all residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, who had >/=1 transthorac... |
1,979 | The results of electrophysiological study and radio-frequency catheter ablation in pediatric patients with tachyarrhythmia. | A total of 135 consecutive pediatric patients (pts) with tachyarrhythmia ranging from two to 21 years of age (median age 11 years) underwent electrophysiological study (EPS) between January 1994 and July 2001. Tachycardia could not be induced in 38 of 135 pts (28%) and studies in these patients were accepted as the nor... |
1,980 | Anglo-American vs. Franco-German emergency medical services system. | It has been stated that the Franco-German Emergency Medical Services System (FGS) has considerable drawbacks compared to the Anglo-American Emergency Medical Services System (AAS): 1. The key differences between the AAS and the FGS are that in the AAS, the patients is brought to the doctor, while in the FGS, the doctor... |
1,981 | Torsades de pointes following cardioversion: case history and literature review. | Torsades de pointes (TDP) is a relatively uncommon but potentially fatal cardiac arrhythmia which occurs in patients with long QT syndromes (LQTS). This literature review and case history investigate the causes, symptoms, presentation and treatment of torsades, focusing on drug induced torsades developing after success... |
1,982 | Rapid loading of sotalol or amiodarone for management of recent onset symptomatic atrial fibrillation: a randomized, digoxin-controlled trial. | Amiodarone and sotalol are commonly used for the maintenance of sinus rhythm, but the efficacy of these agents administered as high-dose infusions for rapid conversion of atrial fibrillation is unknown. Use in this context would facilitate drug initiation in patients in whom ongoing prophylactic therapy is indicated.</... |
1,983 | Surgical nurse assistants in cardiac surgery: a UK trainee's perspective. | To assess the impact of surgical nurse assistants on surgical training based on a comparative audit of case-mix and outcome of coronary revascularizations assisted by surgical nurse assistants vs. surgical trainees.</AbstractText>Relevant recent articles on Calman reform of specialist training and European working time... |
1,984 | Metabolic changes induced by ischemia and cardioplegia: a study employing cardiac microdialysis in pigs. | The present study investigates dynamic changes of myocardial metabolism in response to ischemia, cardioplegia, and extracorporeal circulation (ECC) in order to differentiate between the contributing effects of each of these interventions. Furthermore, warm blood cardioplegia versus empty beating of the heart were compa... |
1,985 | [Assessment of anti-arrhythmic efficacy of a domestic drug allapinin in patients with ischemic heart disease and cardiac arrhythmia]. | Antiarrhythmic activity of oral allapinin was studied in 64 patients with ischemic heart disease. 27 of the patients had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting 2 to 12 months before, 19 patients had postinfarction cardiosclerosis, 38--arterial hypertension, 30--circulation insufficiency stage I. Arrhythmia presented... |
1,986 | Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Fibrillation in Structurally Normal Hearts Targeting the RVOT and Purkinje Ectopy. | Catheter ablation for ventricular fibrillation in structurally normal hearts is in its infancy. Recently, catheter ablation of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation as well as ventricular fibrillation associated with the long QT and Brugada syndromes has been described. This review article is a summary of our current und... |
1,987 | Will direct thrombin inhibitors replace warfarin for preventing embolic events in atrial fibrillation? | Atrial fibrillation is the most frequently encountered tachyarrhythmia requiring therapy. Treatment issues include therapy for any reversible cause; the identification and treatment of any underlying structural disorder; control of the ventricular rate, both for symptom reduction and prevention of tachycardic-induced c... |
1,988 | Oral class III antiarrhythmics: what is new? | This review describes the latest developments in the clinical usage of class III antiarrhythmics. It also discusses some new studies providing insight into the mechanism of action of these drugs.</AbstractText>New data suggest that amiodarone is one of the most effective drugs for management of ventricular as well as s... |
1,989 | Subanalyses of secondary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator trials: antiarrhythmics versus implantable defibrillators (AVID), Canadian Implantable Defibrillator Study (CIDS), and Cardiac Arrest Study Hamburg (CASH). | Controlled trials for secondary prevention of sudden death--Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators (AVID), Canadian Implantable Defibrillator Study (CIDS), and Cardiac Arrest Study Hamburg (CASH)--have been published and subanalyses of them provide useful clinical information on the outcome during the follow... |
1,990 | An update on clinical trials in pacing: is dual chamber pacing better? | As pacemaker technology has increased in complexity and now offers a variety of additional capabilities, there is uncertainty as to which pacing mode offers more benefit-dual-chamber or single-chamber.</AbstractText>Two large-scale randomized trials, the Canadian Trial of Physiologic Pacing and the Mode Selection Trial... |
1,991 | Difficult cases in heart failure. Percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation in the management of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. | Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a complex genetic condition with a heterogeneous clinical course. Some patients remain asymptomatic throughout life while others develop one or more of the adverse clinical consequences including symptoms of congestive heart failure with exertional dyspnea and functional disability (usual... |
1,992 | Prevalence, prognostic significance, and treatment of atrial fibrillation in congestive heart failure with particular reference to the DIAMOND-CHF study. | Atrial fibrillation is a growing health problem and the most common cardiac arrhythmia, affecting 5% of persons above the age of 65 years. The number of hospital discharges for atrial fibrillation has more than doubled in the past decade. It occurs very often in patients with congestive heart failure and the prevalence... |
1,993 | A cardiac sodium channel mutation identified in Brugada syndrome associated with atrial standstill. | Mutations in the cardiac Na+ channel gene SCN5A are responsible for multiple lethal ventricular arrhythmias including Brugada syndrome and congenital long QT syndrome. Here we report a case of Brugada syndrome with ST elevation in the right precordial and inferior leads accompanied by atrial standstill and spontaneous ... |
1,994 | Frequency dependence of the cardiac threshold to alternating current between 10 Hz and 160 Hz. | It is still unclear what fundamental criteria influence the ability of alternating current (AC) to induce ventricular fibrillation (VF) in vivo. As the VF threshold has a bowl-shaped relationship with frequency (showing a minimum threshold at some frequency), similar to the nervous system, one proposed model has assume... |
1,995 | [Myoglobin and troponin I as markers of myocardial damage during cardioversion of atrial fibrillation]. | We performed direct comparison of safety and efficacy of monophasic and biphasic shock cardioversion (CV) of atrial fibrillation (AF). Troponin I (cTnl) and myoglobin (My) were used as markers of potential myocardial and skeletal muscle damage during the procedure.</AbstractText>63 patients (p.t.s.) with persistent, no... |
1,996 | Gender differences in advanced heart failure: insights from the BEST study. | The goal of this study was to determine the influence of gender on baseline characteristics, response to treatment, and prognosis in patients with heart failure (HF) and impaired left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).</AbstractText>Under-representation of women in HF clinical trials has limited our understanding of... |
1,997 | Management of atrial fibrillation: review of the evidence for the role of pharmacologic therapy, electrical cardioversion, and echocardiography. | This review summarizes the available evidence regarding the efficacy of medications used for ventricular rate control, stroke prevention, acute conversion, and maintenance of sinus rhythm, as well as the efficacy of electrical cardioversion and the use of echocardiography in patients with atrial fibrillation.</Abstract... |
1,998 | Optical mapping of transmural activation induced by electrical shocks in isolated left ventricular wall wedge preparations. | It is believed that electrical shocks interrupt fibrillation by directly stimulating the bulk of ventricular myocardium in excitable states, but how shocks activate intramural tissue layers is not known. In this study, Vm responses and transmural activation patterns induced by shocks during diastole were measured in is... |
1,999 | Right ventricular outflow versus apical pacing in pacemaker patients with congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation. | Prior studies suggest that right ventricular apical (RVA) pacing has deleterious effects. Whether the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is a more optimal site for permanent pacing in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) has not been established.</AbstractText>We conducted a randomized, cross-over trial to ... |
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