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2,313,900 | Interferon-gamma and lipopolysaccharide potentiate monocyte tissue factor induction by C-reactive protein: relationship with age, sex, and hormone replacement treatment. | Elevated plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in population studies and in patients with unstable coronary syndromes are predictive of future adverse events, including cardiac death and myocardial infarction, implicating inflammation in pathogenesis. Although CRP is considered a marker of inflammation, it induces ... |
2,313,901 | [Evaluation of the hormonal replace therapy (HRT) effect on generation of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) by neutrophil in peripheral blood of menopausal women]. | About 30% of women population in Poland is already in the perimenopausal age. HRT (hormonal replacement therapy) is the best way of diminishing the unfavorable symptoms of this state.</AbstractText>The effect of HRT on ROI production by neutrophils before and after HRT, to determinate it's antioxidative influence on ce... |
2,313,902 | Chemoprevention of breast cancer: the Italian experience. | The activity of our group is focused on the conduction of chemoprevention clinical trials of breast cancer in at-risk subjects, among which we include women on hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The role of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system and of mammographic breast density as surrogate biomarkers for breast... |
2,313,903 | Hormonal replacement regimens and bleeding. | Hormone replacement therapy may increase the quality of life of postmenopausal women. Any regimen need to offer long-term endometrial safety. It is a standard to consider the co-administration of a sequential progestogen when estrogen replacement should be initiated in non-hysterectomized women. It is almost impossible... |
2,313,904 | Libido: the biologic scenario. | Libido is a comprehensive and yet elusive word that indicates basic human mental states--and their biological counterparts--involved in the beginning of sexual behavior. It has three main roots: biological, motivational-affective and cognitive. All these dimensions may be variably affected in the post menopause, contri... |
2,313,905 | Weight gain and hormone replacement therapy: are women's fears justified? | Fear of weight gain is one of the main factors contributing to the poor compliance seen with hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Although an increase in weight can be a result of rehydration, (which in turn may alleviate some of the effects of skin ageing), many women consider weight gain to be cosmetically unacceptable... |
2,313,906 | Beneficial effects of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy with transdermal estradiol on sensitivity to activated protein C. | Many hemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters have been evaluated following hormone replacement therapy (HRT) but little is known about its influence on the anticoagulant response to activated protein C (APC-sensitivity). For this purpose, we studied the effect of transdermal 17-beta-estradiol (50 microg/24 h) by a conti... |
2,313,907 | 'I'll worry about that when it comes along': osteoporosis, a meaningful issue for women at mid-life? | This paper reports findings from a qualitative study of the health concerns and perceptions of health risks and osteoporosis of women in the age group 40-55 years. Osteoporosis has been increasingly put forward in the popular and scientific press as an important issue for women in mid-life. A variety of preventive meas... |
2,313,908 | Association of transforming growth factor beta1 genotype with therapeutic response to active vitamin D for postmenopausal osteoporosis. | Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) is an important regulator of bone metabolism, its effects being intertwined with those of estrogen and vitamin D. A T-->C polymorphism in exon 1 of the TGF-beta1 gene, which results in the substitution of proline for leucine, is associated with bone mineral density (BMD). H... |
2,313,909 | Factors associated with climacteric symptoms and the use of hormone replacement therapy. | To investigate factors associated with climacteric symptoms and the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT).</AbstractText>A random sample of women aged 46, 50, 54, 58 and 62 years resident in Goteborg, Sweden (n=5,990) were invited by letter to complete a postal questionnaire concerning the menopause and HRT use.</Ab... |
2,313,910 | Systemic estrogens have no conclusive beneficial effect on human skin connective tissue. | Aging of the skin is affected by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Especially important extrinsic factor is ultraviolet radiation, which causes premature aging of the skin. Intrinsic aging is influenced by genetic factors, and changes in hormones. In menopause, changes in hormonal balance have been suggested to enhance ... |
2,313,911 | Improved iron status parameters may be a benefit of hormone replacement therapy. | One of the benefits of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is to decrease cardiovascular disease. A mechanism whereby HRT may play a role in reducing cardiovascular risk is through improved iron status parameters. High serum ferritin has been related to increased risk of coronary heart disease, whereas low iron-binding c... |
2,313,912 | Has the impact of hormone replacement therapy on health-related quality of life been undervalued? | Previous economic evaluations of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) have restricted positive effects to alleviation of postmenopausal symptoms and negative effects to drug side effects. We studied the association between HRT use and postmenopausal women's valuation of both health-related quality of life and potential tr... |
2,313,913 | Modeling and optimization of anaerobic digested sludge converting starch to hydrogen. | The pH and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of a chemostat reactor were varied according to a central composite design methodology with the aim of modeling and optimizing the conversion of starch into hydrogen by microorganisms in an anaerobic digested sludge. Experimental results from 23 runs indicate that a maximum hyd... |
2,313,914 | Hormone replacement therapy: a survey of Irish general practitioners. | We report findings of a cross-sectional postal survey of current prescribing practices of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) by Irish General Practitioners from a random sample of 600 Irish College of General Practitioners members. Median estimated prescribing rate of HRT was 17.5% (interquartile range 10 to 30%). The m... |
2,313,915 | Long-term estrogen replacement therapy is associated with improved exercise capacity in postmenopausal women without known coronary artery disease. | Short-term estrogen administration improves vasodilation and has been shown to improve exercise capacity. However, it is unknown whether long-term estrogen replacement therapy is associated with improved exercise capacity in postmenopausal women without known coronary artery disease.</AbstractText>We studied 248 postme... |
2,313,916 | Cytokine RNA levels in transiliac bone biopsies from healthy early postmenopausal women. | The cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and IL-6 induce osteoclast formation and may contribute to the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Cross-sectional studies have suggested that both IL-1 and IL-1ra secretion increase on estrogen withdrawal, and that postmenopau... |
2,313,917 | Breast cancer diagnosed during hormone replacement therapy. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is associated with decreased breast cancer mortality despite increased incidence. We studied postmenopausal breast cancer patients to determine whether this paradox results from earlier diagnosis, biologically less aggressive tumors, or cessation of hormonal stimulation.</AbstractText>... |
2,313,918 | Determinants of long-term hormone replacement therapy and reasons for early discontinuation. | To identify factors associated with long-term hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and reasons for early discontinuation of it.</AbstractText>A cross-sectional study was conducted in four United Kingdom group general practices. Six hundred fifteen past or present HRT users (representing a response rate of 66%) responded t... |
2,313,919 | The central nervous system and HRT. | In postmenopausal women, both the aging process and the hypoestrogenism due to the loss of ovarian function seem to be related to the progressive impairment of cognitive functions and to a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). This paper reviews the potentially beneficial effects of hormonal replacement t... |
2,313,920 | Serum leptin levels and body weight in postmenopausal women under transdermal hormone replacement therapy. | Leptin, the adipocyte-specific product of the ob gene, is implicated in body weight regulation and energy balance. We investigated the influence of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on the body mass index (BMI) and serum leptin levels in 20 postmenopausal, nonobese women treated with transdermal HRT (delivery rate 50 m... |
2,313,921 | Hormone replacement therapy and interrelation between serum interleukin-6 and body mass index in postmenopausal women: a population-based study. | Postmenopausal women are at increased risk to develop osteoporosis, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and hypertension. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) may be a pathogenetic element in these disorders. Serum IL-6 levels increase during aging and seem to be related to increased body fat mass. In the present retrospective stu... |
2,313,922 | Close correlation between estrogen treatment and renal phosphate reabsorption capacity. | To determine the influence of estrogen on the activity of renal proximal tubular reabsorption of inorganic phosphate (Pi) in women, we examined the changes of the renal threshold phosphate concentration (also denoted as TmP/GFR), as well as the changes in the concentrations of mineral components in the circulation in t... |
2,313,923 | Knowledge of menopause and hormone replacement therapy use in low-income urban women. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can have significant long-term health benefits in postmenopausal women, yet rates of HRT use are low, especially in low-income urban women. Previous research has revealed that knowledge of menopause is a key predictor of HRT use in this population. A descriptive cross-sectional survey ... |
2,313,924 | Menstrual patterns during the inception of perimenopause: what are the predictors and what do they predict? | Using data from a British national cohort of women born in 1946, this study aims to identify menstrual patterns during the first year of perimenopause (based on the frequency of periods, the numbers of days bled each month, and menstrual flow) to see if they are related to health and behaviors earlier in adult life and... |
2,313,925 | Clinical profile of a new hormone replacement therapy containing 2 mg 17 beta-estradiol and 10 mg dydrogesterone. | Patient's acceptability, compliance, and effectiveness of a new sequential hormone replacement regimen containing 2 mg 17beta-estradiol and 10 mg dydrogesterone, were assessed in a 3-month, open, multicentre study involving 110 menopausal women.</AbstractText>A specially designed menopause score was used to assess the ... |
2,313,926 | Determinants of the intention to adopt hormone replacement therapy among premenopausal women. | To identify the psychosocial factors that influence the intention to adopt hormone replacement therapy (HRT) at menopause.</AbstractText>Random Digit Dialing was used to recruit 644 premenopausal non-hysterectomized women aged 45-54. Data were collected using a telephone questionnaire previously developed according to ... |
2,313,927 | Oestrogens and wound healing. | During the past few decades several studies have documented the deleterious impact of the menopause on bone mass and cardiovascular disease, and the reduction of risk in this area by HRT. However, the possible effects of the postmenopausal deficiency in ovarian hormones on skin and its repair post-injury, are less well... |
2,313,928 | Evaluation of hormone replacement therapy use by the sales figures. | Despite the efficiency of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to prevent climacteric manifestations and possibly the long-term deleterious influences of menopause, the prevalence of HRT is relatively low, and quite variable, depending on the population studied. Presently, there is no information regarding HRT in Switzerl... |
2,313,929 | Can endometrial protection be inferred from the bleeding pattern on combined cyclical hormone replacement therapy. | To investigate the relationship between the timing of withdrawal bleeding on hormone replacement therapy and the state of the endometrium.</AbstractText>Double-blind, prospectively randomised dose-ranging study.</AbstractText>Menopause clinics in the UK and the Netherlands.</AbstractText>Two hundred and seventy one pos... |
2,313,930 | Hormonal substitution during menopause: what are we treating? | It is suggested that during menopausal transition, women with vasomotor symptoms benefit from HRT, (hormone replacement therapy) whereas, the use of HRT for other cognitive-vegetative symptoms is questionable.</AbstractText>The occurrence of menopausal complaints and depressive symptoms was assessed cross-sectionally i... |
2,313,931 | Estrogen with interrupted progestin HRT: a review of experimental and clinical studies. | This review outlines the basic principles of a novel interrupted progestin HRT regimen in which estrogen is administered continuously, and progestin is given in a 3-days on, 3-days off pulsed fashion. The rationale for this regimen is to prevent receptor down-regulation and allow increased estrogen and progestin sensit... |
2,313,932 | Talking about hysterectomy: the experiences of women from four cultural groups. | As part of the Ethnicity, Needs, and Decisions of Women (ENDOW) project, in-depth qualitative interviews and focus groups were conducted at four sites, Alabama, New Mexico, South Carolina, and Texas. In South Carolina and Alabama, African American and white women were interviewed. In Texas, African American, Caucasian,... |
2,313,933 | Women's stories: ethnic variations in women's attitudes and experiences of menopause, hysterectomy, and hormone replacement therapy. | To increase understanding of women's midlife changes, 23 focus groups were held to investigate the possible ethnic variations in attitude toward and experience with menopause, hysterectomy, and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in non-Hispanic white, Hispanic, and Navajo women in New Mexico. The medical definition of m... |
2,313,934 | Overview of women's decision making regarding elective hysterectomy, oophorectomy, and hormone replacement therapy. | Over 600,000 hysterectomies are performed each year in the United States, the majority of which are to improve quality of life for perimenopausal women. Hysterectomy rates for common conditions differ between African American and white women, and African American women undergo surgery at a younger age for most diagnose... |
2,313,935 | Quantification of aqueous melanin granules, intraocular pressure and glaucomatous damage in primary pigment dispersion syndrome. | Aqueous melanin granules may be accurately quantified with the laser flare-cell meter and have been demonstrated to be increased in primary pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS). It was the aim of this study to correlate intraocular pressure, glaucomatous damage of the optic nerve head, and visual field defects with the nu... |
2,313,936 | Concordance between results of optic disc tomography and high-pass resolution perimetry in glaucoma. | To evaluate concordance between results obtained with the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) (Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany) and those obtained with the high-pass resolution perimeter (HRP) in glaucoma diagnosis.</AbstractText>A total of 217 patients from the glaucoma services at St. Erik Eye Hospital... |
2,313,937 | Hormone replacement therapy and glucose tolerance in EPIC-Norfolk: a population-based study. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can affect glucose homeostasis in postmenopausal women but it is unclear whether long-term use is associated with changes in glucose tolerance. The objective was to examine the relationship of glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1C)) concentration with HRT use in non-diabetic postmenopausal wome... |
2,313,938 | Breast carcinoma etiology: current knowledge and new insights into the effects of reproductive and hormonal risk factors in black and white populations. | A crossover in breast carcinoma incidence at ages 45-49 years has been observed between black and white women, with blacks experiencing higher incidence at younger ages and lower incidence after age 50 years. Can this phenomenon be partially explained by the differences in the distributions of reproductive risk factors... |
2,313,939 | Early postmenopausal bone loss is associated with PvuII estrogen receptor gene polymorphism in Finnish women: effect of hormone replacement therapy. | Genetic factors regulate bone mineral density (BMD) and possibly the development of osteoporosis. An association between estrogen receptor (ER) polymorphism, BMD, and postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has not been established. Therefore, we studied the influence of the ER genotype on BMD before and after... |
2,313,940 | Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and bone loss: estrogen status modifies the influence of apolipoprotein E on bone loss. | The identification of genes that contribute to bone mineral density (BMD) and bone loss has widespread implications for the understanding and prevention of osteoporosis. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between the presence and absence of the apolipoprotein E*4 (APOE*4) allele and both BMD an... |
2,313,941 | [Influence of the presence of hot flashes during menopause on the metabolism of nitric oxide. Effects of hormonal replacement treatment]. | To asses if the hot flushes during the menopause are associated to alterations in the metabolism of nitric oxide, total antioxidant activity and other biochemical parameters. To evaluate the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the metabolism of nitric oxide, total antioxidant activity and biochemistry in men... |
2,313,942 | Bias in breast cancer analyses due to error in age at menopause. | With the use of data from the Nurses' Health Study, the authors confirm the recent argument by Pike et al. (Am J Epidemiol 1998;147:718-21) that various ways of assigning ages at menopause to women with simple hysterectomy produce relative risks for the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) that are biased downwa... |
2,313,943 | Increased plasma concentrations of TGF-beta1 after hormone replacement therapy. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women may reduce the cardiovascular risk. A dominant protective role of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta1) on coronary arteries has been proposed. Lp(a) lipoprotein may block the activation of latent TGF-beta1. Given this background, we examined the effects o... |
2,313,944 | The effect of hormone replacement therapy on cardiovascular hemodynamics in women with Turner's syndrome. | Women with Turner's syndrome, the majority of whom are estrogen deficient, have an increased incidence of coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on central arterial hemodynamics, insulin sensitivity, and lipids in adults with Turner's syndrome. Twen... |
2,313,945 | Does apolipoprotein E genotype relate to BMD and bone markers in postmenopausal women? | Bone mineral density (BMD) and development of osteoporosis are partly determined by genetic factors. The associations between one of suggested candidate, apolipoprotein E (apo E) genotype to bone mineral density (BMD) and bone biochemical markers was studied in 464 subjects recruited from a population-based group of ea... |
2,313,946 | Determinants of elevated blood pressure in women around menopause: results from a cross-sectional study in Italy. | To analyse the determinants of high blood pressure in women around menopause.</AbstractText>Eligible women were consecutively identified among patients who asked for a visit of their general practitioner during the period March November 1997. A total of 22919 women aged 44-66 years (median age 55 years), were identifie... |
2,313,947 | Are randomized trials of hormone replacement therapy in symptomatic women with breast cancer feasible? | To evaluate the feasibility of conducting a large randomized trial of HRT in symptomatic women with early-stage breast cancer.</AbstractText>Open randomized study.</AbstractText>Outpatient clinics at The Royal Marsden and St. George's Hospitals, London.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="PATIENT(S)" NlmCategory="METHOD... |
2,313,948 | Effect of hormone replacement therapy on the bone mass and urinary excretion of pyridinium cross-links. | The menopause accelerates bone loss and is associated with an increased bone turnover. Bone formation may be evaluated by several biochemical markers. However, the establishment of an accurate marker for bone resorption has been more difficult to achieve.</AbstractText>To study the effect of hormone replacement therapy... |
2,313,949 | Chemoprevention of breast cancer in the older patient. | Age is the most important risk factor for the development of breast cancer. The risk of breast cancer continues to increase in American women until the age of 80 years. A family history of breast cancer helps identify those who possibly have the highest risk of developing breast cancer; however, most women who develop ... |
2,313,950 | Selective estrogen receptor modulators--a new age of estrogens in cardiovascular disease? | A large body of evidence suggests hormone replacement therapy (HRT) reduces cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women. It is, however, associated with serious side effects, such as increased risk of breast and endometrial cancer. This has likely caused uneasiness among both women and health care providers. A new clas... |
2,313,951 | [Effect of combined conjugated estrogen-medrogestone replacement therapy on lipid profiles, climacteric symptoms and the endometrium]. | To assess the effects of continuous administration of conjugated estrogen combined with sequential administration of medrogestone on lipid profiles, climateric symptoms and endometrial tolerance.</AbstractText>This multicenter open study was conducted for one year to assess the effects of a hormone replacement therapy ... |
2,313,952 | Hormone replacement therapy and accuracy of mammographic screening. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is commonly used and may affect the accuracy of mammographic screening.</AbstractText>We examined the sensitivity, specificity, and small-cancer detection rate according to HRT use in 103,770 women in Victoria, Australia, who attended first-round screening in 1994 and who did not have ... |
2,313,953 | Hormone replacement therapy and patterns of osteoarthritis: baseline data from the Ulm Osteoarthritis Study. | It has been suggested that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may protect against osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this paper was to assess the association between HRT and radiographically defined patterns of OA.</AbstractText>475 consecutive women aged 50 years or older (mean age 66.1) who underwent hip or knee joint re... |
2,313,954 | Calcium absorption in postmenopausal osteoporosis: benefit of HRT plus calcitriol, but not HRT alone, in both malabsorbers and normal absorbers. | In a randomized trial involving 71 postmenopausal osteoporotic women with vertebral compression fractures, radiocalcium absorption studies using the (45)Ca single isotope method (alpha) were performed at baseline and after 8 months of treatment with either continuous combined hormone replacement therapy (HRT, as pipera... |
2,313,955 | A conserved role for H15-related T-box transcription factors in zebrafish and Drosophila heart formation. | T-box transcription factors are critical regulators of early embryonic development. We have characterized a novel zebrafish T-box transcription factor, hrT (H15-related T box) that is a close relative of Drosophila H15 and a recently identified human gene. We show that Drosophila H15 and zebrafish hrT are both expresse... |
2,313,956 | Screening before and during the use of oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy. The ESHRE Capri Workshop Group. | Most users of oral contraceptives (OC), and many users of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) are apparently healthy, using a preparation for preventative purposes. It is understandable, therefore, that many clinicians feel that they should screen women using these preparations for hidden disease. Sometimes this has resu... |
2,313,957 | The decrease in serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase predicts bone mineral density response to hormone replacement therapy in early postmenopausal women. | Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) prevents bone loss in postmenopausal women. Up to 20% of women demonstrate no increase in bone mineral density (BMD) on HRT. We examined whether early changes in serum bone alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP) predict long-term BMD changes in postmenopausal women on HRT. Ninety women within 1 ... |
2,313,958 | Hormonally-regulated proteins in breast secretions are markers of target organ sensitivity. | Anti-oestrogen therapy is being used in an attempt to prevent breast cancer but no intermediate end points of the effect of tamoxifen on the normal breast are available. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a physiological measure of oestrogen action on the breast. We measured oestrogen-stimulated and -i... |
2,313,959 | Ovarian volume and menopausal status. | The purposes of this study were to (1) examine whether ovarian volume differs by age and menopausal status in healthy women; (2) evaluate whether ovarian volume could be a sensitive and specific predictor of menopausal status; and (3) assess whether ovarian volume is affected by cigarette smoke, oral contraceptives (OC... |
2,313,960 | Bone resorption levels by age and menopausal status in 5,157 women. | The purpose of this study was to describe bone resorption activity using a biochemical marker according to the categories of age, menopausal status, and selected drug/supplement use in middle-aged and elderly community-based women.</AbstractText>This was a cross-sectional study that assessed urinary cross-linked N-telo... |
2,313,961 | Serum leptin levels in postmenopausal women: effects of transdermal hormone replacement therapy. | To evaluate serum leptin levels in postmenopausal women who are receiving hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and postmenopausal women who are not receiving HRT with similar body mass index (BMI) to determine whether estrogens exert effects on leptin secretion.</AbstractText>Cross-sectional, prospective study comparing s... |
2,313,962 | Hormone replacement therapy reduces mean 24-hour blood pressure and its variability in postmenopausal women with treated hypertension. | The rate and severity of hypertension increase dramatically after menopause. Complications seem to be more frequent and marked in hypertensive patients with greater blood pressure (BP) variability, and antihypertensive treatment does not easily reduce this variability. The effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on... |
2,313,963 | Effects of simvastatin only or in combination with continuous combined hormone replacement therapy on serum lipid levels in hypercholesterolaemic post-menopausal women. | To evaluate the effects of simvastatin only or combined with continuous hormone replacement therapy on the serum lipid profile in hypercholesterolaemic post-menopausal women.</AbstractText>One hundred hypercholesterolaemic post-menopausal women were given either simvastatin 10 mg daily together with oestrogen 0.625 mg ... |
2,313,964 | A randomized trial of oral contraceptive and hormone replacement therapy on bone mineral density and coronary heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women. | To identify the effects of oral contraceptive (OC) and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on bone mineral density and coronary heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women.</AbstractText>Eighty healthy postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to a cyclic regimen of OC containing 30 microg of ethinyl estradiol a... |
2,313,965 | Selective estrogen receptor modulators and postmenopausal health. | SERMs are a class of drugs with mixed estrogen agonist/antagonist effects that have great potential at targeting changes seen in the postmenopausal period. Raloxifene is effective in preventing bone loss and may prevent fractures in postmenopausal osteoporosis. It induces changes in lipoprotein concentrations that shou... |
2,313,966 | The effects of hormone replacement therapy and raloxifene on C-reactive protein and homocysteine in healthy postmenopausal women: a randomized, controlled trial. | C-Reactive protein and homocysteine are independent risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease. This study compared the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and raloxifene on serum C-reactive protein and homocysteine levels as markers of cardiovascular risk in healthy postmenopausal women. Healt... |
2,313,967 | Serum vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations in postmenopausal women: the effect of hormone replacement therapy. | To assess serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations in healthy postmenopausal women in relation to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and the presence or absence of a uterus.</AbstractText>Cross-sectional study.</AbstractText>The Middlesex Hospital.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="PATIENT(S)" Nlm... |
2,313,968 | Thermophilic sulfate reduction and methanogenesis with methanol in a high rate anaerobic reactor. | Sulfate reduction outcompeted methanogenesis at 65 degrees C and pH 7.5 in methanol and sulfate-fed expanded granular sludge bed reactors operated at hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 14 and 3.5 h, both under methanol-limiting and methanol-overloading conditions. After 100 and 50 days for the reactors operated at 14 a... |
2,313,969 | Mammographic density in postmenopausal women treated with tibolone, estriol or conventional hormone replacement therapy. | To compare the effects of tibolone, estriol and conventional hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on mammographic parenchymal density in postmenopausal women.</AbstractText>This was a non-randomised, prospective, longitudinal, comparative study conducted at two specialist outpatient clinics in Chile.</AbstractText>210 non... |
2,313,970 | Elevation of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 mRNA expression following hormone replacement therapy. | The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible regulatory roles of insulin-like growth factors (IGF) and IGF binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) on postmenopausal endometrium in women undergoing hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Endometrial tissues and blood samples were collected from 25 postmenopausal women with ... |
2,313,971 | The effect of hormone replacement therapy on the immunoreactive concentrations in the endometrium of oestrogen and progesterone receptor, heat shock protein 27, and human beta-lactoglobulin. | We determined the expression of oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) and human beta-lactoglobulin in the endometrium under hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The immunohistochemical expression during the late progestogenic phase of sequential HRT was compared semi-quantitat... |
2,313,972 | Influence of body composition on quantitative ultrasound parameters of the os calcis in a population-based sample of pre- and postmenopausal women. | Body mass is known to be related to measures of bone mineral density (BMD) as well as to parameters of quantitative ultrasound (US). To examine the effect of the body compartment's fat mass and lean body mass on quantitative ultrasonic bone parameters, data from a sample of 3241 German women were analyzed. Anthropometr... |
2,313,973 | Serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor is decreased by hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women without hypercholesterolemia. | The administration of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to postmenopausal women (PMW) reportedly has beneficial effects on their levels of lipid and lipoproteins. Estrogen retards the development of atherosclerosis induced by a high-fat diet in animals. Although vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) may be involved... |
2,313,974 | DBT-enhanced habit reversal treatment for trichotillomania: 3-and 6-month follow-up results. | Maintenance of gains with cognitive-behavioral treatment for trichotillomania (TTM) has historically been problematic.</AbstractText>We conducted follow-up assessments 3 and 6 months after completion of a 3-month maintenance phase on 10 individuals with DSM-IV-TR TTM who participated in an open trial of a dialectical b... |
2,313,975 | Reliability of oupatient endometrial brush cytology vs biopsy in postmenopausal symptomatic women. | To compare outpatient endometrial sampling cytology with conventional biopsy in postmenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding and/or abnormal endometrial thickness at ultrasound.</AbstractText>Between December 2003 and December 2009 a group of 1,056 postmenopausal women was referred to the Department of Gynecolog... |
2,313,976 | Estradiol acts through nuclear- and membrane-initiated mechanisms to maintain a balance between GABAergic and glutamatergic signaling in the brain: implications for hormone replacement therapy. | Estradiol (E2) is a potent neuroactive steroid that acts through both nuclear and membrane estrogen receptors (ER) found widely distributed in the brain. Although long known for its role in the neural control of reproduction, more recent work demonstrates that E2 also affects learning and memory, as well as anxiety and... |
2,313,977 | Heidelberg Retina Tomography analysis in optic disks with anatomic particularities. | Due to its objectivity, reproducibility and predictive value confirmed by many large-scale statistical clinical studies, Heidelberg Retina Tomography has become one of the most used computerized image analysis of the optic disc in glaucoma. It has been signaled, though, that the diagnostic value of Moorfieds Regression... |
2,313,978 | Advanced treatment of dyeing wastewater towards reuse by the combined Fenton oxidation and membrane bioreactor process. | The performance of combined Fenton oxidation and membrane bioreactor (MBR) process for the advanced treatment of an effluent from an integrated dyeing wastewater treatment plant was evaluated. The experimental results revealed that under the optimum Fenton oxidation conditions (initial pH 5, H2O2 dosage 17 mmol/L, and ... |
2,313,979 | [Autotrophic nitrogen removal and enhanced biological phosphorus removal from municipal wastewater in a three-sludge system]. | Using a three-sludge system consisted of anaerobic/oxic (A/O) process, partial nitritation and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) reactors, cost-effective removal of nitrogen and phosphate from municipal wastewater was achieved. The experimental results showed that effluent total phosphorus (TP) of the A/O system w... |
2,313,980 | [Effects of COD/TN and HRT(s) on nutrients removal by an alternating anoxic/oxic CAST]. | The effects of different COD/TN and HRT(s) (hydraulic retention time of select) on nutrients removal were investigated by using an alternating anoxic/oxic CAST (cyclic activated sludge technology) fed with municipal wastewater. The results showed that various COD/TN and HRT(s) had a bigger influence on the nitrogen rem... |
2,313,981 | [Achieving the stability of nitrosation under low DO concentration]. | With A/O phosphorus removal process of secondary effluent as raw water, the stable accumulation of nitrite was achieved under low DO. Total nitrogen loss, hydraulic retention time (HRT) and sludge recycle ratio(R) was separately studied on the effects of stable nitrosation. According the result, apparent nitrosation ra... |
2,313,982 | [Efficiency of micro-pressurized fluidized hybrid biological reactor for treating phenolic wastwater]. | A dynamic experiment was conducted continuously to study the efficiency of the new micro-pressurized fluidized hybrid biological reactor (MP-FHBR) for treating artificial phenolic wastewater. The experimental results showed that the COD volumetric loading and phenolic volumetric loading of MP-FHBR could reach 4.86 kg/(... |
2,313,983 | Correlation of central corneal thickness and optic nerve head topography in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. | To evaluate whether changes in optic nerve head topography and visual field in patients with primary open-angle (POAG) are related to central corneal thickness (CCT).</AbstractText>Eighty eyes of 50 patients with POAG underwent ophthalmic examination; optic nerve head imaging with the Heidelberg Retina Tomography II (H... |
2,313,984 | Enhancing digestion efficiency of POME in anaerobic sequencing batch reactor with ozonation pretreatment and cycle time reduction. | Ozonation pretreatment was applied to palm oil mill effluent (POME) prior to anaerobic digestion using the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR). Ozonation increased BOD/COD by 37.9% with a COD loss of only 3.3%. At organic loads of 6.48-12.96 kg COD/m(3)/d, feeding with non-ozonated POME caused a system failure. T... |
2,313,985 | The effects of Tualang honey on female reproductive organs, tibia bone and hormonal profile in ovariectomised rats--animal model for menopause. | Honey is a highly nutritional natural product that has been widely used in folk medicine for a number of therapeutic purposes. We evaluated whether Malaysian Tualang honey (AgroMas, Malaysia) was effective in reducing menopausal syndrome in ovariectomised female rats; an animal model for menopause.</AbstractText>The ra... |
2,313,986 | Effect of oxygen dosing point and mixing on the microaerobic removal of hydrogen sulphide in sludge digesters. | Limited oxygen supply to anaerobic sludge digesters to remove hydrogen sulphide from biogas was studied. Micro-oxygenation showed competitive performance to reduce considerably the additional equipment necessary to perform biogas desulphurization. Two pilot-plant digesters with an HRT of ∼ 20 d were micro-oxygen... |
2,313,987 | Textiles wastewater treatment using anoxic filter bed and biological wriggle bed-ozone biological aerated filter. | In this study, the performance of the anoxic filter bed and biological wriggle bed-ozone biological aerated filter (AFB-BWB-O(3)-BAF) process treating real textile dyeing wastewater was investigated. After more than 2 month process operation, the average effluent COD concentration of the AFB, BWB, O(3)-BAF were 704.8 m... |
2,313,988 | Performance evaluation and phylogenetic characterization of anaerobic fluidized bed reactors using ground tire and pet as support materials for biohydrogen production. | This study evaluated two different support materials (ground tire and polyethylene terephthalate [PET]) for biohydrogen production in an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (AFBR) treating synthetic wastewater containing glucose (4000 mg L(-1)). The AFBR, which contained either ground tire (R1) or PET (R2) as support mater... |
2,313,989 | Hydraulic characteristics of an anaerobic baffled reactor as onsite wastewater treatment system. | The feasibility of using anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) as onsite wastewater treatment system was discussed. The ABR consisted of one sedimentation chamber and three up-flow chambers in series was experimented under different peak flow factors (PFF of 1 to 6), superficial gas velocities (between 0.6 and 3.1 cm/hr) and... |
2,313,990 | Corneal intraepithelial neoplasia: in vivo confocal microscopic study with histopathologic correlation. | To ascertain in vivo confocal microscopic features of corneal/conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and correlate these with histology of the same lesions.</AbstractText>Observational case series with evaluation of diagnostic technology.</AbstractText>Four patients with unilateral CIN (3 men and 1 woman) were ex... |
2,313,991 | Degradation of acetaminophen by Delftia tsuruhatensis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a membrane bioreactor. | The incidence and fate of pharmaceuticals in the water cycle impose a growing concern for the future reuse of treated water. Because of the recurrent global use of drugs such as Acetaminophen (APAP), an analgesic and antipyretic drug, they are often detected in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents, receiving sur... |
2,313,992 | Trends in breast cancer incidence associated with reductions in the use of hormone replacement therapy. | The publication of the Women's Health Initiative Study in 2002 spurred reductions in hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use worldwide. Subsequent drops in breast cancer incidence have since been reported. We used person-level data from a large Israeli health plan to study the relationship between HRT use and breast canc... |
2,313,993 | Management of women requesting subtotal hysterectomy. | Subtotal hysterectomy (SH), which is also referred to as supracervical hysterectomy, is a common gynaecological procedure in which the uterus is removed and the cervix is retained. There is continuing debate about the advantages and disadvantages of SH compared with total abdominal hysterectomy. Persistent vaginal blee... |
2,313,994 | Hormone replacement therapy: the risks and benefits of treatment. | Several recent large studies have provoked concern among both health professionals and the general public regarding the safety of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). This article provides a review of the current literature surrounding the risks and benefits of HRT in postmenopausal women, and how the data can be applied... |
2,313,995 | Comparison of subjective and objective sleep quality in menopausal and non-menopausal women with insomnia. | Insomnia affects midlife women as they approach and experience menopause at a rate higher than most other stages of life. Insomnia is considered one of the climacteric symptoms of menopause, which can be controlled with hormone replacement therapy (HRT). This study examined the relationship between menopause and sleep ... |
2,313,996 | Impact of bioaugmentation by compost on the performance and ecology of an anaerobic digester fed with energy crops. | The influence of compost as inoculum during continuous anaerobic digestion of fodder beet silage was studied over 330 days. Two simultaneously driven mesophilic fermentors (Inoc-1/Inoc-2) were inoculated with manure and sewage sludge. Only the digester Inoc-2 was inoculated additionally with compost. After 160 days fer... |
2,313,997 | Enhancement options for the utilisation of nitrogen rich animal by-products in anaerobic digestion. | This study focuses on the enhancement of an Austrian anaerobic digestion plant at a slaughterhouse site which exclusively uses animal by-products as substrate. High ammonia concentrations from protein degradation cause severe inhibitions of anaerobic microorganisms. For improving the current situation the COD:TKN ratio... |
2,313,998 | Extracellular biological organic matters in sewage sludge during mesophilic digestion at reduced hydraulic retention time. | To operate an anaerobic digester at low hydraulic retention time (HRT) is welcome in practice. This study characterized the extracellular biological organic matter (EBOM) and supernatant organics for a sewage sludge digested in a lab-scale mesophilic digester (5 l) running at an HRT of 20, 15 or 10 d. The hydrophilic a... |
2,313,999 | Development of simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process in a sequential batch reactor. | Simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process was developed in a sequential batch reactor (SBR) and the influence of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the SNAD process was investigated. Around 96% NH(4)(+)-N removal and 87% COD removal were observed at 9 d HRT. Marginal decreases in the... |
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