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2,320,000 | Hemodynamic interventions and the pressure-diameter loop of the left ventricle and the proximal aorta in the conscious dog. | The dynamics of the left ventricle (LV) have been extensively investigated. However, most studies refer to steady state conditions. We addressed the beat-to-beat variations resulting from hemodynamic interventions analyzed in the chronically instrumented dog. This approach permits serial studies in the same subject und... |
2,320,001 | Constructing a tissue-specific model of ventricular microstructure. | Simulations of cardiac electrical activity are generally computed in idealized or generic domains. We have developed a semi-automated technique for imaging an extended volume of cardiac ventricular tissue at a resolution of approximately 1 microm, and constructing from those images a geometric and structural model with... |
2,320,002 | Advantages of the retrosigmoid approach in auditory brain stem implantation.<Pagination><StartPage>165</StartPage><EndPage>170</EndPage><MedlinePgn>165-70</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>From April 1997 to December 1999, six patients (five men and one woman), ranging in age from 22 to 37 years with neu... | From April 1997 to December 1999, six patients (five men and one woman), ranging in age from 22 to 37 years with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) were operated on via the classic retrosigmoid-transmental (RS-TM) approach for removal of a vestibular schwannoma (VS) (tumor size from 12 to 40 mm) and for auditory brain stem... |
2,320,003 | [Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopic metabolites assessment in brain cryptococcosis]. | Cryptococcus neoformans is the causative agent of cryptococcosis and cryptococcal meningitis, which are serious pathological conditions affecting up to 10% of patients with AIDS. In this paper we present results magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopic metabolites (1H MR) in brain cryptococcosis. In 1 HMR spectrosc... |
2,320,004 | Intracerebroventricular infusions of gp120 inhibit weight gain and induce atrophy in the hippocampus and neostriatum without affecting cognition. | The HIV envelope protein, gp120, has been proposed to be a key agent in the development of AIDS dementia complex (ADC). To elucidate CNS effects that gp120 alone may be inducing in ADC, the present study investigated changes in weight, motor activity, cognitive function and corresponding neuropathology in rats given da... |
2,320,005 | Transcallosal approach for tumors of the lateral and third ventricles. | Tumors that arise within the ventricles present a unique surgical challenge. Because of their deep location, relatively large size, and their association with hydrocephalus, surgical planning requires a careful assessment of the optimal method to access the lesion and to provide adequate exposure for tumor resection. T... |
2,320,006 | Transcortical surgery for lateral ventricular tumors. | Tumors of the lateral ventricle can be removed via two major approaches: the transcallosal or the transcortical route. The purpose of this study is to discuss the techniques and outcomes in transcortical surgery of tumors located in the lateral ventricle.</AbstractText>An experience with 29 consecutive lateral ventricu... |
2,320,007 | Differences in the appetite-stimulating effect of orexin, neuropeptide Y and ghrelin among young, adult and old rats. | Aging is associated with a progressive decrease in appetite and food intake. The appetite-stimulating peptides orexin A, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and ghrelin are known to play a critical role in food intake. In this study, the stimulatory effect of intracerebroventricular administration of these peptides on food intake was... |
2,320,008 | Assessing tumor growth and distribution in a model of prostate cancer metastasis using bioluminescence imaging. | Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) has greatly facilitated the development of animal models of cancer, allowing sensitive detection of luciferase-expressing cancer cells in living mice. Previous efforts characterizing such models have involved small numbers of animals, limiting understanding of their performance features. W... |
2,320,009 | 2D and 3D shape based segmentation using deformable models. | A novel shape based segmentation approach is proposed by modifying the external energy component of a deformable model. The proposed external energy component depends not only on the gray level of the images but also on the shape information which is obtained from the signed distance maps of objects in a given data set... |
2,320,010 | Fully automatic shape modelling using growing cell. | In this paper, we present a new framework for shape modelling and analysis: we suggest to look at the problem from a pattern recognition point of view, and claim that under this prospective several advantages are achieved. The modelling of a surface with a point distribution model is seen as an unsupervised clustering ... |
2,320,011 | A histological study of cerebral aqueduct. | Cerebral (sylvian) aqueduct is a narrow channel in the mesencephalon. It lies between the tectum and the tegmentum of the mesencephalon and is surrounded by the periaqueductal gray matter. The aim of this study was to determine the shape of the aqueduct of sylvius and the structure of its walls in a series of transvers... |
2,320,012 | Rat models of bone metastases. | Bone metastases occur frequently in patients with advanced breast or prostate cancer. Bone metastases can be predominantly osteolytic, osteoblastic or mixed. Studies with animal models allow advances in understanding the molecular basis for bone metastases and provide new targets for therapy. Several animal models have... |
2,320,013 | Electro-acupuncture improves epileptic seizures induced by kainic acid in taurine-depletion rats. | Electro-acupuncture (EA) partially inhibited epilepsy with great success. The biological basis underlying EA anti-convulsion remained uncertain, which resulted in limited application and slow improvement of acupuncture. Our previous study indicated that taurine may play an inhibitory role against epilepsy as an inhibit... |
2,320,014 | [Echocardiography in the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension].<Pagination><StartPage>116</StartPage><EndPage>123</EndPage><MedlinePgn>116-23</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Pulmonary arterial hypertension frequently develops after a thromboembolic pulmonary eve... | Pulmonary arterial hypertension frequently develops after a thromboembolic pulmonary event. The difference in degree of pulmonary artery pressure depends mainly on the size and location of the pulmonary embolus and presence of pre-existing cardiopulmonary diseases. Right ventricle (RV) afterloading from an acute obstru... |
2,320,015 | Metastasis in the chest wall and in the right ventricle from hepatocellular carcinoma. Description of a clinical case. | The ante mortem diagnosis of right ventricular metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is quite rare. Also the metastatic invasion of the chest wall following a liver biopsy is seldom reported. We describe a 67 year old patient that, 30 months after a liver biopsy showing HCC, developed an isolated metastasis of... |
2,320,016 | The investigation of cerebrospinal fluid formation by ventriculo-aqueductal perfusion method in cats. | The perfusion of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces by artificial CSF (aCSF) containing an indicator, is an indirect method used to calculate CSF formation. To evaluate this method, we have developed a ventriculo-aqueductal perfusion method, which enables a direct measurement of CSF formation in the ventricles.</Abstract... |
2,320,017 | Evaluation of three new models of hydrocephalus shunts. | To assess the hydrodynamic properties of three new types of hydrocephalus valve.</AbstractText>Three new constructions have been recently tested in the UK shunt Evaluation Laboratory: the magnetically adjustable Strata Valve (Medtronic PS Medical), the gravitational Miethke Dual-Switch Valve (Aesculap) and the ventricu... |
2,320,018 | Evolution of intracranial pressure during the immediate postoperative period after endoscopic third ventriculostomy. | To establish a more accurate indication for endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in patients with noncommunicating hydrocephalus through the analysis of the evolution of postoperative mean intracranial pressure (ICPM).</AbstractText>Intracranial pressure (ICP) was recorded overnight during 8-hour periods with an intr... |
2,320,019 | [Auditory brainstem implantation in patient with bilateral acoustic neuromas]. | To restore auditory sensation for patient suffering loss of hearing due to bilateral acoustic neuromas.</AbstractText>One patient of bilateral acoustic neuromas received auditory brainstem implant (ABI) at the same surgery for resection of the second tumor. The retrosigmoid approach was used for resection of the tumor ... |
2,320,020 | Distribution of 125I-labeled [2-8]-leucopyrokinin, active analog of leucopyrokinin in rats. | The brain and internal organs distribution of 125I-labeled [2-8]-leucopyrokinin ([2-8]-LPK), a truncated analog of leucopyrokinin (LPK), an insect myotropic peptide injected into the lateral brain ventricle was determined in rats. A high accumulation of this analog in adrenals and in the hypothalamus and hippocampus of... |
2,320,021 | A role of the choroid plexus in transplantation therapy. | The choroid plexuses (CPs) play pivotal roles in the most basic aspects of neural function. Some of the roles of the CP include maintaining the extracellular milieu of the brain by actively modulating chemical exchange between the CSF and brain parenchyma, surveying the chemical and immunological status of the brain, d... |
2,320,022 | Laryngeal epithelial defenses against laryngopharyngeal reflux: investigations of E-cadherin, carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme III, and pepsin. | This is the third annual report of an international research network studying the cellular impact of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) on laryngeal epithelium. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of E-cadherin (epithelial cadherin; the intercellular junctional complex protein) in relation to the pr... |
2,320,023 | Demonstration of microvessel networks and endothelial cell phenotypes in the normal murine lung. | The vascular endothelial cells (ECs) express various antigens related to coagulation factors, including factor VIII-related antigen or von Willebrand factor (vWF) in the cytoplasm and thrombomodulin (TM; a thrombin receptor)along the plasma membrane. CD34 (a hematogenic stem cell marker) is also expressed along the sur... |
2,320,024 | [Dilated cardiomyopathy associated with autoimmune disease of thyroid gland].<Pagination><StartPage>46</StartPage><EndPage>51</EndPage><MedlinePgn>46-51</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Congestive heart failure is the main cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality with more than one million hospit... | Congestive heart failure is the main cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality with more than one million hospitalizations per year. Dilated cardiomyopathy is one of the main causes of congestive heart failure characterized by diminished function of the left, right or both ventricles and ejection fraction less th... |
2,320,025 | Expression and characterization of a brain-specific protein kinase BSK146 from zebrafish. | We have previously identified a novel protein kinase, pk146, in the brain of Tetraodon. In the present study, we cloned the homologous protein kinase gene encoding a protein of 385 amino acid residues from zebrafish. The overall amino acid sequence and the kinase domain of zebrafish BSK146 shows 48% and 69% identity to... |
2,320,026 | Central neurocytoma: report of two cases. | Central neurocytomas are rare neuroectodermal tumors believed to arise from the subependymal matrix of the lateral ventricles.</AbstractText>A 26-year-old woman and a 33-year-old man each had a large, heterogeneous, contrast enhancing mass in the lateral ventricles at the foramen of Monro causing bilateral hydrocephalu... |
2,320,027 | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for tumor-related hydrocephalus in a pediatric population. | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has become a common alternative for managing hydrocephalus in select patients. Nevertheless, there is still controversy regarding the indications for ETV as the primary procedure, given its variable success rates. The purpose of this study is to review the authors' experience with... |
2,320,028 | Endoscopic navigation of the fourth ventricle. Technical note and preliminary experience. | Transaqueductal navigation of the fourth ventricle has long been considered dangerous and of no clinical relevance. After the refinement of the endoscopic technique and supported by the extensive experience gained at the authors' institution since 1994, endoscopic exploration of the fourth ventricle has been performed ... |
2,320,029 | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy. | The traditional treatment for all forms of hydrocephalus has been the implantation of ventricular shunt systems; however, these systems have inherent tendencies toward complications such as malfunction and infection. A significant advance in the treatment of hydrocephalus has been the evolution of endoscopy. The recent... |
2,320,030 | Retrospective analysis of 400 neuroendoscopic interventions: the Hungarian experience. | The authors present the results of 400 consecutive neuroendoscopic interventions performed by a single surgeon in 373 patients during the last 8 years.</AbstractText>The study is based on a retrospective analysis of a continuously updated electronic database that includes patient history and radiological files. The suc... |
2,320,031 | Neuroendoscopy: past, present, and future. | Neuroendoscopy began with a desire to visualize the ventricles and deeper structures of the brain. Unfortunately, the technology available to early neuroendoscopists was not sufficient in most cases for these purposes. The unique perspective that neuroendoscopy offered was not fully realized until key technological adv... |
2,320,032 | Woman aged 24 years with fourth ventricular mass. | April 2005. A woman aged 24 years presented with symptoms related to a tumor in the fourth ventricle. Cytologically, the tumor was biphasic with areas typical of a classic ependymoma, including rosettes, and other areas containing grossly atypical giant cells. Many tumor cells were GFAP-positive and ultrastructural exa... |
2,320,033 | Fluoro Jade-B detection of dying cells in the SVZ and RMS of adult rats after bilateral olfactory bulbectomy. | A novel fluorochrome, Fluoro-Jade B, was used to detect dying precursor cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and rostral migratory stream (RMS) of adult rats after bilateral olfactory bulbectomy and in control intact rats. The animals in experimental group were left to survive 3 days and from 3 till 16 months after s... |
2,320,034 | Purvalanol A, inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases attenuates proliferation of cells in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat hippocampus. | Several recent findings indicate that intensity of neurogenesis in adult brain might be regulated by enzymes involved in the cell cycle. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated whether the inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) evoked by intraventricular administration of purvalanol A may influence the ... |
2,320,035 | Albendazole trial at 15 or 30 mg/kg/day for subarachnoid and intraventricular cysticercosis. | Thirty-six patients with subarachnoid and intraventricular cysticercosis were randomly assigned to receive albendazole at 15 or 30 mg/kg/day plus dexamethasone for 8 days. Results favored a higher dose, with larger cyst reduction on MRI at 90 and 180 days and higher albendazole sulfoxide levels in plasma. An albendazol... |
2,320,036 | Xanthogranuloma of the choroid plexus of the third ventricle: case report and literature review. | Xanthogranulomas of the choroids plexus (XG) are benign tumours of debatable etiology which become rarely symptomatic. Only few cases have been studied with MRI. A new case of xanthogranuloma of the third ventricle showing unusual features in the CT and MRI studies in a 47-year-old man with a 2-month history of gait an... |
2,320,037 | Induction of RhoGAP and pathological changes characteristic of Alzheimer's disease by UAHFEMF discharge in rat brain. | Novel experiments with Ultrasound Associated with High Frequency Electromagnetic Field (UAHFEMF) irradiation on rats and mice found evidences of characteristic Alzheimer's disease (AD) degenerations including neurite plaques, beta-amyloid, TAU plaque and deposition in cells, Neuro-Fibrillary Tangle and Paired Helical F... |
2,320,038 | A laboratory training model for interhemispheric-transcallosal approach to the lateral ventricle. | Laboratory training models are essential for developing and refining surgical skills before clinical application of microneurosurgery. Our aim is to train residents of neurosurgery to be familiar with a basic microneurosurgical technique in access to the lateral ventricle via a transcallosal approach. The training mate... |
2,320,039 | The importance of brainstem mapping in brainstem surgical anatomy before the fourth ventricle and implication for intraoperative neurophysiological mapping. | Brain stem mapping (BSM) is an intraoperative neurophysiological procedure to localize cranial motor nuclei on the floor of the fourth ventricle. BSM enables neurosurgeon to understand functional anatomy on the distorted floor of the fourth ventricle, thus, it is emerging as an indispensable tool for challenging brain ... |
2,320,040 | [On Q-wave and non-Q wave myocardial infarcts].<Pagination><StartPage>S3</StartPage><EndPage>37</EndPage><MedlinePgn>S3-30-7</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Much has been said, and is still being said, on Q-wave and non-Q wave myocardial infarcts, trying to relate this electrocardiographic behavior wit... | Much has been said, and is still being said, on Q-wave and non-Q wave myocardial infarcts, trying to relate this electrocardiographic behavior with the culprit coronary arteries and the location of the damaged myocardium. However, it seems logic to bear in mind that the presence or absence of abnormal Q waves depends o... |
2,320,041 | Inhibition of neprilysin by thiorphan (i.c.v.) causes an accumulation of amyloid beta and impairment of learning and memory. | An accumulation of amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) due to an imbalance between anabolism and catabolism triggers Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neprilysin is a rate-limiting peptidase, which participates in the catabolism of Abeta in brain. We investigated whether rats continuously infused with thiorphan, a specific inhibitor ... |
2,320,042 | Development of functional human embryonic stem cell-derived neurons in mouse brain. | Human embryonic stem cells are pluripotent entities, theoretically capable of generating a whole-body spectrum of distinct cell types. However, differentiation of these cells has been observed only in culture or during teratoma formation. Our results show that human embryonic stem cells implanted in the brain ventricle... |
2,320,043 | Stage one Norwood procedure results: the green lane experience. | This study examined the presentation outcome, morbidity and mortality of infants who have undergone the stage one Norwood procedure for single ventricle reconstruction.</AbstractText>A retrospective review was done on the first 20 patients to undergo this procedure at Green Lane Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. Seven p... |
2,320,044 | Moving up or moving down? Malpositioned cerebellar unipolar brush cells in reeler mouse. | Cerebellar morphogenesis occurs through a complex interplay of cell proliferation and migration that in mouse and rat begins about midgestation and ends in the third postnatal week. Cerebellar cells derive from germinative matrices in the ventricular zone and the external granular layer. Like granule cells, unipolar br... |
2,320,045 | Ependymal cell differentiation and GLUT1 expression is a synchronous process in the ventricular wall. | Ependymal cells appear to be totally differentiated during the first 3 weeks in the mouse brain. Early during postnatal development ependymal cells differentiate and undergo metabolic activation, which is accompanied by increased glucose uptake. We propose that ependymal cells induce an overexpression of the glucose tr... |
2,320,046 | In vitro-derived "neural stem cells" function as neural progenitors without the capacity for self-renewal. | Hematopoietic stem cells have been defined by their ability to self-renew and successfully reconstitute hematopoiesis throughout the life of a transplant recipient. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are believed to exist in the regenerating regions of the brain in adult mice: the subependymal zone (SEZ) of the lateral ventricle... |
2,320,047 | Survival of neural progenitor cells from the subventricular zone of the adult rat after transplantation into the host spinal cord of the same strain of adult rat. | The subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle of the mammalian forebrain is the major site in which neural progenitor cells (NPC) persist in the adult brain. The NPC are located beneath ventricular ependymal cells and have the capacity to self-renew and continuously produce neurons and glial cells. We have sho... |
2,320,048 | Chemical characterization of newly generated neurons in the striatum of adult primates. | We recently demonstrated the existence of neurogenesis in the striatum of adult monkeys, but the number of striatal neurons generated under normal conditions was too small to establish their chemical phenotype. We therefore used brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which promotes neuronal differentiation and survi... |
2,320,049 | Hydrocephalus and racemose cysticercosis: surgical alternative by endoscopic third ventriculostomy. | Hydrocephalus is a frequent and potentially serious complication of neurocysticercosis. Its treatment often requires ventricular shunting. The complication rate is high due to obstruction or material infection, which may justify endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV).</AbstractText>We report a case of obstructive hydro... |
2,320,050 | Cloning and characterization of cDNAs encoding steroidogenic acute regulatory protein from freshwater stingrays (Potamotrygon spp.). | The steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) is critical to the regulated synthesis of steroids in vertebrates. We have isolated cDNA sequences encoding StAR in the freshwater stingrays Potamotrygon hystrix and P. motoro. A single P. hystrix StAR transcript (3376 bp) and two overlapping P. motoro StAR transcripts ... |
2,320,051 | Chronic corticosterone manipulations in mice affect brain cell proliferation rates, but only partly affect BDNF protein levels. | We investigated whether the effects of corticosterone (CORT) on brain cell proliferation are mediated via its detrimental effect on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Using a [3H]thymidine tracer study, it was demonstrated that the cell proliferation rate in the neurogenic hippocampus and subventricular zone was... |
2,320,052 | A novel role for the choroid plexus in BMP-mediated inhibition of differentiation of cerebellar neural progenitors. | Cerebellar granule cells, the most abundant neurons in the mammalian brain, arise in the rhombic lip located at the roof of the brain's fourth ventricle. Bordering the rhombic lip is the choroid plexus, a non-neuronal structure, composed of blood vessels enveloped by epithelial cells. Here, we show a striking decrease ... |
2,320,053 | Mesenchymal stem cells spontaneously express neural proteins in culture and are neurogenic after transplantation. | Reports of neural transdifferentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) suggest the possibility that these cells may serve as a source for stem cell-based regenerative medicine to treat neurological disorders. However, some recent studies controvert previous reports of MSC neurogenecity. In the current study, we evalua... |
2,320,054 | [Gene transfer patterns and transduction efficacy of recombinant adeno-associated virus type 1, 2, and 5 in brain: an experiment with rats]. | To investigate the gene transfer patterns and transduction efficacy of different serotypes of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV): rAAV1, 2, and 5 in brain.</AbstractText>Fifty-four adult male SD rats were randomly divided into 9 equal groups to be injected with titre and volume-matched rAAV1, rAAV2, and rAAV5 ca... |
2,320,055 | Subventricular zone neuroblasts emigrate toward cortical lesions. | Adult subventricular zone (SVZ) neuroblasts migrate in the rostral migratory stream to the olfactory bulbs. Brain lesions generally increase SVZ neurogenesis or gliogenesis and cause SVZ cell emigration to ectopic locations. We showed previously that glia emigrate from the SVZ toward mechanical injuries of the somatose... |
2,320,056 | Overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor confers migratory properties to nonmigratory postnatal neural progenitors. | Approaches to successful cell transplantation therapies for the injured brain involve selecting the appropriate neural progenitor type and optimizing the efficiency of the cell engraftment. Here we show that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression enhances postnatal neural progenitor migration in vitro and i... |
2,320,057 | Three-dimensional ultrasonography of hydrocephalus. | We examined two infants with hydrocephalus using three-dimensional (3-D) ultrasonography. One infant had congenital hydrocephalus with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. On 2-D ultrasonography, the shunt tube was shown only as "a point." However, on 3-D ultrasonography, we could easily see the three-dimensional position of ... |
2,320,058 | Microscopic stucture of the lamina terminalis: implications for microsurgical third ventriculostomy. | The neurosurgical approach through the lamina terminalis (LT) is a commonly used technique for management of the third ventricle region pathology. Furthermore, LT fenestration is a recommended procedure during surgery of ruptured intracranial aneurysms. Though the LT is a rudimentary structure in adult human brain, its... |
2,320,059 | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the management of Chiari I malformation and syringomyelia associated with hydrocephalus. | Chiari malformation with syringomyelia is conventionally managed with foramen magnum decompression and duroplasty. In presence of hydrocephalus, a ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion has been the initial preferred mode of treatment.</AbstractText>Two patients of Chiari I malformation with syringomyelia who had associa... |
2,320,060 | Adult unilateral periventricular pseudocysts with ipsilateral headache. | Unilateral periventricular pseudocysts (PVPC), manifesting as ipsilateral headache have been only rarely reported in adults.</AbstractText>In a 48-year-old woman, right-sided, pulsating headache occurred in 1999. Headache exclusively extended over the right head and periorbitally; it was frequently associated with a fe... |
2,320,061 | Cellular plasticity in vertebrate regeneration. | Within the animal kingdom, there are several examples of organisms with remarkable regenerative abilities. Among vertebrates, newts appear to be the most adept at replacing lost structures and injured organs and can regenerate their limbs, tails, spinal cords, jaws, retinas, lenses, optic nerves, intestines, and heart ... |
2,320,062 | Hydrothorax due to ventriculopleural shunting in a child with spina bifida on chronic dialysis: third ventriculostomy as an alternative of cerebrospinal diversion. | The purpose of this paper is to describe the risks of ventriculopleural shunt in patients with spina bifida and end-stage-renal-diseases (ESRD), and to describe endoscopic third ventriculostomy as an alternative for the combination of cerebrospinal shunt and dialysis modality. We report a 16-year-old boy with spina bif... |
2,320,063 | The adult mouse hippocampal progenitor is neurogenic but not a stem cell. | The aim of this investigation was to characterize the proliferative precursor cells in the adult mouse hippocampal region. Given that a very large number of new hippocampal cells are generated over the lifetime of an animal, it is predicted that a neural stem cell is ultimately responsible for maintaining this genesis.... |
2,320,064 | Combined Reparative Approaches for Dilated Failing Ventricles. | (J Card Surg 2005;20:S1-S2). |
2,320,065 | Metallothionein-I-II expression in young and adult bovine pineal gland. | Aging is characterized, among other features, by an increased concentration of metal ions in the brain that may contribute to a greater increase in free radicals production. The present paper reports data regarding the concentration of some relevant metal ions (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn), as well as the immunopositivity of metall... |
2,320,066 | Endoscopic cerebral aqueductoplasty: a trans-fourth ventricle approach. | Advances in endoscopic technology have afforded the neurosurgeon new avenues in the treatment of hydrocephalus, rendering many patients independent of shunts, thus averting shunt complications and failure. Cerebral aqueductoplasty has gained popularity as an effective treatment for membranous and short-segment stenoses... |
2,320,067 | Meningoencephalitis tuberculosa in a holstein cow. | The gross and histopathologic lesions of meningoencephalitis tuberculosa in a 4-year-old Holstein cow showing clinical signs compatible with bovine spongiform encephalopathy are described in this report. Grossly, numerous gray to yellow, firm and caseous nodules were seen on the ventral surfaces of the brain and in the... |
2,320,068 | Bacterial meningoencephalitis and ventriculitis due to migrating plant foreign bodies in three dogs. | Regional suppurative meningoencephalitis and ventriculitis of variable chronicity was diagnosed in three young dogs residing in Colorado. Grass awns were grossly identified in the right occipital cortex of one dog and in the right lateral ventricle of another. Intralesional plant material was microscopically evident in... |
2,320,069 | Effects of gender, age, and body parameters on the ventricular volume of Korean people. | The purpose of this study was to measure the average ventricular volume of normal Koreans (aged in their 20s or 40s) and to analyze the effects of gender, age, and body parameters, such as height and weight on ventricle size. Magnetic resonance brain images were recorded for 118 people in their 20s (58 men, 60 women) a... |
2,320,070 | Identification of a primitive brain-derived neural stem cell population based on aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. | Stem cells are undifferentiated cells defined by their ability to self-renew and differentiate to progenitors and terminally differentiated cells. Stem cells have been isolated from almost all tissues, and an emerging idea is that they share common characteristics such as the presence of ATP-binding cassette transporte... |
2,320,071 | Neuropsychological findings in patients with intraventricular tumors. | Intraventricular tumors are quite rare and become symptomatic with hydrocephalus-related signs such as headache, double vision, and seizures. Also, most of the patients show neuropsychological deficits, especially memory problems and lack of attention.</AbstractText>We reviewed the charts and computed tomographic/magne... |
2,320,072 | Distribution of somatostatin immunoreactivity in the brain of the snake Bothrops jararaca. | The distribution of perikarya and fibers containing somatostatin was studied in the brain of the snake Bothrops jararaca by means of immunohistochemistry using an antiserum against synthetic somatostatin. Immunoreactive perikarya and fibers were localized in telencephalic, diencephalic and mesencephalic areas. In the t... |
2,320,073 | Scanning electron microscopy of the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle of the horse. | The present study examined the ultrastructure of the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle of the horse. The material was fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 m sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.3, processed and analysed by scanning electron microscopy. The choroid plexus was characterized by regions with a predominance o... |
2,320,074 | Concussion in professional football: brain responses by finite element analysis: part 9. | Brain responses from concussive impacts in National Football League football games were simulated by finite element analysis using a detailed anatomic model of the brain and head accelerations from laboratory reconstructions of game impacts. This study compares brain responses with physician determined signs and sympto... |
2,320,075 | Pyramidal neurons of upper cortical layers generated by NEX-positive progenitor cells in the subventricular zone. | The generation of pyramidal neurons in the mammalian neocortex has been attributed to proliferating progenitor cells within the ventricular zone (VZ). Recently, the subventricular zone (SVZ) has been recognized as a possible source of migratory neurons in brain slice preparations, but the relevance of these observation... |
2,320,076 | Dysfunctional cilia lead to altered ependyma and choroid plexus function, and result in the formation of hydrocephalus. | Cilia are complex organelles involved in sensory perception and fluid or cell movement. They are constructed through a highly conserved process called intraflagellar transport (IFT). Mutations in IFT genes, such as Tg737, result in severe developmental defects and disease. In the case of the Tg737orpk mutants, these pa... |
2,320,077 | Endoscope-assisted removal of colloid cysts of the third ventricle. | Colloid cysts are benign space-occupying lesions, which arise from the velum interpositum or the choroid plexus of the third ventricle and are able to produce symptomatic obstruction of the foramina of Monro with resultant hydrocephalus. In our department, we have operated on colloid cysts routinely in an endoscope-ass... |
2,320,078 | Effect of amyloid peptides on the increase in TrkA receptor expression induced by nicotine in vitro and in vivo. | The ability of nicotine to induce a cytoprotective or neuroprotective action occurs through several downstream mechanisms. One possibility is that the drug increases the expression of tyrosine kinase A (TrkA) nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors. Certain beta-amyloid peptides (e.g., Abeta1-42) have been shown to bind wi... |
2,320,079 | Expression of mRNA for prolactin receptor (long form) in dopamine and pro-opiomelanocortin neurones in the arcuate nucleus of non-pregnant and lactating rats. | Under most conditions, prolactin secretion from the pituitary gland is subject to negative-feedback regulation. Prolactin stimulates dopamine release from tuberoinfundibular (TIDA) neurones in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, which in turn suppresses the production of prolactin. However, during late pregnancy a... |
2,320,080 | Natriuretic peptides, but not nitric oxide donors, elevate levels of cytosolic guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate in ependymal cells ex vivo. | Atrial natriuretic peptide-(1-28) (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide-(1-32) (BNP) and C-Type natriuretic polypeptide (CNP) occur in the brain, are concentrated in the anteroventral area of the third cerebral ventricle and participate in the regulation of body fluid homeostasis. The ventricles of the mammalian brain are l... |
2,320,081 | Expression of PCNA positivity in the brain of normal adult heterothermic vertebrates: further observations. | As part of our study of non-experimentally induced encephalic proliferation in unequivocally adult individuals of several heterothermic Vertebrates (Podarcis sicula, Triturus carnifex, Rana esculenta, Carassius carassius), we deal here with areas not considered in previous investigations, i.e. various encephalic region... |
2,320,082 | Individual differences in rhythms of behavioral sleep and its neural substrates in Nile grass rats. | Laboratory populations of grass rats (Arvicanthis niloticus) housed with a running wheel show considerable variation in patterns of locomotor activity. At the extremes are "day-active" (DA) animals with a monophasic distribution of running throughout the light phase and "night-active" (NA) animals exhibiting a biphasic... |
2,320,083 | Blockade of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor in the choroid plexus originates Alzheimer's-like neuropathology in rodents: new cues into the human disease? | The possibility that perturbed insulin/insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) signalling is involved in development of late-onset forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is gaining increasing attention. We recently reported that circulating IGF-I participates in brain amyloid beta (Abeta) clearance by modulating choroid plexus... |
2,320,084 | Pathophysiological significance of T-type Ca2+ channels: transcriptional regulation of T-type Ca2+ channel--regulation of CACNA1H by neuron-restrictive silencer factor. | Expression of T-type Ca(2+) current in the ventricle varies during development and in cardiac diseases. The alteration in quantity of two isoforms of T-type Ca(2+) channel genes in the heart, CACNA1G and CACNA1H, contributes to the changes of T-type Ca(2+) channel activity. However, the precise mechanisms governing the... |
2,320,085 | Shunt revision in hydrocephalus. | A retrospective analysis of 50 hydrocephalic children having a minimum follow-up of 6 months was carried out to see their etiology, clinical features, complications, incidence of shunt revisions, outcome and the variation from their Western counterparts.</AbstractText>Clinical features, image findings and treatment of ... |
2,320,086 | Tetanus toxin fragment C fusion facilitates protein delivery to CNS neurons from cerebrospinal fluid in mice. | To improve protein delivery to the CNS following intracerebroventricular administration, we compared the distribution of a human Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase:tetanus toxin fragment C fusion protein (SOD1:TTC) in mouse brain and spinal cord with that of tetanus toxin fragment C (TTC) or human SOD1 (hSOD1) alone, following... |
2,320,087 | Surgical strategies for approaching hypothalamic hamartomas causing gelastic seizures in the pediatric population: transventricular compared with skull base approaches. | The authors provide evidence that direct resection of hypothalamic hamartomas (HHs) can improve associated gelastic and nongelastic seizures.</AbstractText>Ten children younger than 17 years of age underwent resection of HHs (nine sessile and one pedunculated) that were causing refractory epilepsy. Lesions were approac... |
2,320,088 | Galanin modulates pituitary hormones release. | Galanin and its receptors are widely distributed within the central and peripheral nervous system, especially in hypothalamus including preoptic area, paraventricular nucleus (PVN), supraoptic nucleus (SON) and median eminence. Galanin plays an important role in the control of food intake, energy expenditure, reproduct... |
2,320,089 | Choroid plexus epithelial cells co-express the long and short form of the leptin receptor. | Two types of leptin receptors (Ob-R) are structurally and functionally characterized. The Ob-Ra, also called short form of leptin receptor, and the Ob-Rb, which is functionally coupled to intracellular signalling pathways. In the CNS, the Ob-Ra is mainly present in the choroid plexus and in the blood-brain barrier and ... |
2,320,090 | Vagal pulmonary afferents and central respiratory effects of 5-HT in newborn rats. | In decerebrate newborn rats, serotonin (5-HT) is a respiratory depressant via activation of 5-HT2 receptors, whereas it evokes respiratory stimulant effects when applied to the isolated brainstem obtained from the newborn rat. This discrepancy could be due to deafferentation in the in vitro preparation. The aim of our ... |
2,320,091 | Neuron-to-astrocyte transition: phenotypic fluidity and the formation of hybrid asterons in differentiating neurospheres. | To the extent that their fate choice and differentiation processes can be understood and manipulated, neural stem cells represent a promising therapeutic tool for a variety of neuropathologies. We have previously shown that mature astrocytes possess neural stem cell attributes, and can give rise to neurons through the ... |
2,320,092 | Effects of MCH and a MCH1-receptor antagonist on (palatable) food and water intake. | Melanin concentrating hormone (MCH) is a regulator of ingestive behavior, but several issues regarding its effects on specific components of ingestive behavior remain to be elucidated. Therefore, we injected, in the 3rd ventricle of male Wistar rats, saline, MCH (5 microg), MCH (5 mug) together with a MCH1-R antagonist... |
2,320,093 | Electron microscopic study of the progeny of ependymal stem cells in the normal and injured spinal cord. | Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common and often irreversible lesion that can incapacitate patients. Precursor cells in the spinal cord proliferate in response to trauma, and this proliferation can be enhanced by exogenous stimuli such as specific growth factors. In the present study, we examined electron microscopic det... |
2,320,094 | [The effect of STAT1 antisense oligonucleotides on lung fibroblast proliferation and hydroxyproline secretion]. | To investigate the effect of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) antisense oligonucleotides on lung fibroblast proliferation and hydroxyproline secretion.</AbstractText>Ten adult female Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: one group was intratracheally instilled with bleomycin (BLM)... |
2,320,095 | Catecholamine neurones in rats modulate sleep, breathing, central chemoreception and breathing variability. | Brainstem catecholamine (CA) neurones have wide projections and an arousal-state-dependent activity pattern. They are thought to modulate the processing of sensory information and also participate in the control of breathing. Mice with lethal genetic defects that include CA neurones have abnormal respiratory control at... |
2,320,096 | Percutaneous coagulation of choroid plexus to unblock the ventricular catheter using the Seldinger technique: preliminary report. | Blockage of the ventricular catheter is the most common reason for shunt malfunction and is usually due to ingrowth of choroid plexus into the catheter lumen. The authors describe a simple technique to unblock the ventricular catheter in situ.</AbstractText>In children with symptoms and radiological evidence of shunt m... |
2,320,097 | Wnt signalling regulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis. | The generation of new neurons from neural stem cells is restricted to two regions of the adult mammalian central nervous system: the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle, and the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. In both regions, signals provided by the microenvironment regulate the maintenance... |
2,320,098 | [The role of L-carnitine in nutritional status and echocardiographic parameters in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in children].<Pagination><StartPage>368</StartPage><EndPage>372</EndPage><MedlinePgn>368-72</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVES" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">Malnutrition is an ... | Results of treatment of 54 patients with aortal valvular disease and "narrow" aortic root are analyzed. Only adult patients were included in the study, their age ranged from 16 to 64 years (mean age 41.5+/-14.7 yrs). Thirty-four (63%) patients of them have undergone aortic valve replacement with disk prosthesis, in 20 ... |
2,320,099 | Striatal deafferentation increases dopaminergic neurogenesis in the adult olfactory bulb. | Dopaminergic loss is known to be one of the major hallmarks of Parkinson disease (PD). In addition to its function as a neurotransmitter, dopamine plays significant roles in developmental and adult neurogenesis. Both dopaminergic deafferentation and stimulation modulate proliferation in the subventricular zone (SVZ)/ol... |
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