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2,320,100 | The role of cell-derived oligomers of Abeta in Alzheimer's disease and avenues for therapeutic intervention. | Burgeoning evidence suggests that soluble oligomers of Abeta (amyloid beta-protein) are the earliest effectors of synaptic compromise in Alzheimer's disease. Whereas most other investigators have employed synthetic Abeta peptides, we have taken advantage of a beta-amyloid precursor protein-overexpressing cell line (ref... |
2,320,101 | Infantile mitochondrial leucodystrophy - a case report. | We retrospectively analyzed a case of a 7-month-old infant with a delay of psychomotor development, slow pupillary light reflexes, horizontal nystagmus, spasticity and bilateral optic nerve atrophy. At the end of life there were problems with swallowing. Ventriculography showed widening of the lateral ventricles and at... |
2,320,102 | Endoscopically harvested stem cells: a putative method in future autotransplantation. | The discovery of stem cells in the adult human brain and developing stem cell technology open a possible future scenario of autotransplantation, where stem cells are harvested from the patient and propagated in vitro before they are used as transplants. The objectives of this study were: 1) to investigate the feasibili... |
2,320,103 | Transcallosal transchoroidal approach to tumors of the third ventricle. | Although the literature is rich with descriptions of the approach to the third ventricle, surgeons remain cautiously reserved. In this report, we demonstrate that the transcallosal approach can be easily performed provided that preoperative planning is adequate. Familiarity with the course of major cortical and deep dr... |
2,320,104 | Statistical analysis of 168 bilateral subthalamic nucleus implantations by means of the probabilistic functional atlas. | Statistical analysis of patients previously operated on may improve our methods of performing subsequent surgical procedures. In this article, we introduce a method for studying the functional properties of cerebral structures from electrophysiological and neuroimaging data by using the probabilistic functional atlas (... |
2,320,105 | Microsurgical anatomy and quantitative analysis of the transtemporal-transchoroidal fissure approach to the ambient cistern. | Surgical approaches to ambient cistern lesions are complex. We investigated the microanatomy of the transtemporal-transchoroidal fissure approach to the ambient cistern with emphasis on exposure of the posterior cerebral artery.</AbstractText>Dissections were performed bilaterally in five silicone-injected cadaveric he... |
2,320,106 | Excessive use of Steroid Hormone & beneficial effects of True St. 36 acupuncture on malignant brain tumors--part I; how to estimate non-invasively presence of excess dose of Steroid Hormone in patients, baseball players & other professional athletes from its toxic effects on heart & pancreas, as well as per... | Using accurate organ representation areas map of the face, originally mapped by the author using Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Resonance Phenomena between two identical substances, one can make quick non-invasive screening of diseases by visual inspection, particularly if it is chronic degenerative disease, as they often deve... |
2,320,107 | The pro-apoptotic human BH3-only peptide harakiri is expressed in cryptococcus-infected perivascular macrophages in HIV-1 encephalitis patients. | In the central nervous system (CNS), HIV-1 targets mainly microglia/macrophages. Like the CD4+ T cell depletion and neuronal loss in AIDS, apoptosis is thought to be involved in eliminating infected macrophages. In this study, we examined the expression of the pro-apoptotic BH3-peptide harakiri (Hrk) in brain tissues o... |
2,320,108 | Caesarean section following the Fontan procedure: two different deliveries and different anaesthetic choices in the same patient. | The Fontan procedure is performed for patients with a hypoplastic right ventricle, and pregnancies following this palliative surgery are likely to increase. We present a parturient with the Fontan physiology who successfully underwent two consecutive caesarean deliveries; the first under general anaesthesia for emergen... |
2,320,109 | The International Infant Hydrocephalus Study: concept and rational. | During the recent meetings of the International Study Group on Neuroendoscopy and the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, the consensus view emerged that there is a need to assess the value and efficacy of neuroendoscopic procedures against shunting in a scientific manner, to resolve long-lasting debates ... |
2,320,110 | Beta-amyloid and oxidative stress jointly induce neuronal death, amyloid deposits, gliosis, and memory impairment in the rat brain. | Infusion of Fe2+, Abeta42, and buthionine-sulfoximine (FAB), but not Abeta42 alone or in combination with Fe2+, into the left cerebral ventricle of Long-Evans rats for 4 weeks induced memory impairment that was accompanied by increased hyperphosphorylated Tau protein levels in the CSF. FAB-infused animals displayed thi... |
2,320,111 | Sodium-level-sensitive sodium channel Na(x) is expressed in glial laminate processes in the sensory circumventricular organs. | Na(x) is an atypical sodium channel that is assumed to be a descendant of the voltage-gated sodium channel family. Our recent studies on the Na(x)-gene-targeting mouse revealed that Na(x) channel is localized to the circumventricular organs (CVOs), the central loci for the salt and water homeostasis in mammals, where t... |
2,320,112 | Prostate secretory protein of 94 amino acids (PSP-94) and its peptide (PCK3145) as potential therapeutic modalities for prostate cancer. | This review focuses on the promising roles of prostate secretory protein of 94 amino acids (PSP-94) and one of its derived peptides (PCK3145) as potential therapeutic modalities for prostate cancer and its associated complications. Evaluation of these compounds was carried out in vitro and in vivo using syngeneic model... |
2,320,113 | Functional correction of CNS phenotypes in a lysosomal storage disease model using adeno-associated virus type 4 vectors. | Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) represent a significant portion of inborn metabolic disorders. More than 60% of LSDs have CNS involvement. LSD therapies for systemic diseases have been developed, but efficacy does not extend to the CNS. In this study, we tested whether adeno-associated virus type 4 (AAV4) vectors cou... |
2,320,114 | Pathophysiology of mental illness: a view from the fourth ventricle. | The concept of mental disorders as diseases of the brain is as old as the ancient Greek philosopher-physicians. However, for thousands of years, the majority of doctors, as well as laypersons, held strongly to the belief that epilepsy and "madness" (i.e., schizophrenia)--the major disorders discussed in this paper--wer... |
2,320,115 | STAT1 antisense oligonucleotides attenuate the proinflammatory cytokine release of alveolar macrophages in bleomycin-induced fibrosis. | To investigate the effect of signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1) antisense oligonucleotides (ASON) on concentrations of TNF-alpha, IL-8, NO secreted by alveolar macrophages (AMs) in bleomycin-induced rat pulmonary fibrosis, five adult female Wistar rats were intratracheally instilled with bleom... |
2,320,116 | Anatomy and physiology of the leptomeninges and CSF space. | The arachnoid membrane and pia mater are the two membranous layers that comprise the leptomeninges. Cerebrospinal fluid is made within the ventricular system by cells of the choroid plexus and ependyma. This chapter describes in detail the normal anatomic structure and physiologic interactions of the cerebrospinal flui... |
2,320,117 | Effects of central infusion of ghrelin on food intake and plasma levels of growth hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, and cortisol secretion in sheep. | Ghrelin is an endogenous ligand for the GH secretagogue/ghrelin receptor (GHS-R) and stimulates feeding behavior and GH levels in rodents and humans. A preprandial increase in plasma ghrelin levels is seen in sheep on programmed feeding, followed by a postprandial rise in plasma GH levels, but effects on food intake an... |
2,320,118 | Neuropsychological functioning in early hydrocephalus: review from a developmental perspective. | Children with hydrocephalus have deficits in several neuropsychological domains. The most notable are motor, visuoperceptual, and visuomotor function. These deficits are multiply determined and depend on the etiology and severity of the hydrocephalus to a large extent. Corpus callosum abnormalities resulting from stret... |
2,320,119 | Frameless free-hand maneuvering of a small-diameter rigid-rod neuroendoscope with a working channel used during high-resolution imaging. Technical note. | A newly designed small-diameter rigid-rod neuroendoscope was created to evaluate the applicability of free-hand maneuvering during high-resolution imaging. The neuroendoscope was designed as a light, handheld tool weighing 550 g. A 20-cm-long objective lens, 2 mm in diameter, is placed in the lower two thirds of the si... |
2,320,120 | Hydrocephalus in Uganda: the predominance of infectious origin and primary management with endoscopic third ventriculostomy. | The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the causes of hydrocephalus in Uganda, the efficacy of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in this environment, and whether existing parameters could be used to guide patient selection.</AbstractText>Three hundred consecutive children, 81.3% of whom were younger t... |
2,320,121 | [Trimetazidine effects on postinfarction remodeling of the left ventricle].<Pagination><StartPage>10</StartPage><EndPage>14</EndPage><MedlinePgn>10-4</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText Label="AIM" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">To study effects of combined therapy including trimetazidine on morphofunctional indi... | The parameters of intracardiac hemodynamics and external respiratory function (ERF) were studied by echocardiography and computed spirography with pneumotachometry in 123 patients with punctured and lacerated wounds of the chest in the early postoperative period. All the patients were divided into 6 groups according to... |
2,320,122 | Leg dysfunctions in a hatched chick model of spina bifida aperta. | We created chicks with spina bifida aperta (SBA) by incising the roof plate of the neural tube of embryos at Hamburger and Hamilton stage 18 or 19. Incision over the length of three somites caused spina bifida occulta (SBO)-like malformation in 47% of the hatchlings. Incision over the length of five and seven somites c... |
2,320,123 | Glycogen metabolism in rat ependymal primary cultures: regulation by serotonin. | Ependymal primary cultures are a model for studying ependymal energy metabolism. Intracellular glycogen is built up in the cultures dependent on culture age and the presence of glucose and glutamate. This energy store is mobilized upon glucose withdrawal, stimulation with isoproterenol, forskolin or serotonin and after... |
2,320,124 | Implantation of fibre encapsulated RIN 1056a cells transfected with NPY cDNA into the lateral ventricle of rats alters body weight. | Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide thought to play an important role in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. Our aim was to over-express bioactive NPY in the lateral ventricle by implanting cells transfected with NPY cDNA. Cells from the RIN 1056a clonal rat islet cell line were transf... |
2,320,125 | Y1-receptors regulate the expression of Y2-receptors in distinct mouse forebrain areas. | Y-receptor-knockout mice have become an important tool to elucidate specific physiological roles of individual Y-receptors. However, their phenotypes are not always confirmatory to results obtained by pharmacological investigations in vivo or in vitro. These discrepancies may, at least in part, be due to compensatory c... |
2,320,126 | The circumventricular organs participate in the immunopathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. | During inflammatory conditions of the central nervous system (CNS), such as in multiple sclerosis or in its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), immune cells migrate from the blood stream into the CNS parenchyma and into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces. The endothelial blood-brain barrier... |
2,320,127 | Endoscopic transtentorial ventriculocystostomy and cystoventriculoperitoneal shunt in a neonate with Dandy-Walker malformation and associated aqueductal obstruction. | Shunting of the lateral ventricle and the posterior fossa cyst is the advocated surgical therapy for children with Dandy-Walker malformation (DWM) and associated aqueductal obstruction. The high rate of complications of combined shunting stimulated the authors to search for an alternative surgical solution.</AbstractTe... |
2,320,128 | Endoscopic, single-catheter treatment of Dandy-Walker syndrome hydrocephalus: technical case report and review of treatment options. | Optimal treatment for hydrocephalus related to Dandy-Walker syndrome (DWS) remains elusive. Patients with DWS-related hydrocephalus often require combinations of shunting systems to effectively drain both the supratentorial ventricles and posterior fossa cyst. We describe an endoscopic technique, whereby a frontally pl... |
2,320,129 | Intracranial navigation using a novel device for endoscope fixation and targeting: technical innovation. | Intracranial endoscopy involves point-to-point navigation: first, in the introduction of the endoscope into a cerebrospinal fluid-containing space and, second, in the identification of a target structure. We report testing and preliminary clinical use of a device for the direct cranial fixation and point-to-point neuro... |
2,320,130 | Oral vanadium enhances the catabolic effects of central leptin in young adult rats. | Recently, vanadium has been shown to enhance leptin signal transduction in vitro. We hypothesized that chronic oral administration of an organic vanadium complex would enhance both leptin signaling and physiological responsiveness in vivo. Three-month-old F344 x Brown Norway male rats were provided a solution containin... |
2,320,131 | Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue arising in the lateral ventricle. | Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas are a well-described type of low-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. They typically arise adjacent to mucosal surfaces in the gastrointestinal tract, lung and conjunctiva, and, less frequently, in the skin, salivary gland and... |
2,320,132 | Aluminum chloride does not facilitate deposition of human synthetic amyloid beta1-42 peptide in the rat ventricular system of a short-term infusion model. | Recent data have demonstrated that a 39-43 amino acid peptide called beta-amyloid peptide (Abeta), which predominantly contains 42 residues (Abeta1-42), has a strong tendency to form insoluble aggregates and that the toxic effects of Abeta are based on its aggregation. In a previous study, we reported that infusion of ... |
2,320,133 | Adult medulloblastoma: prognostic factors and response to therapy at diagnosis and at relapse. | Adult medulloblastoma is a rare tumor with few retrospective studies published so far. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy or chemotherapy at relapse is unclear. This study reports therapy and outcome in all adult (>or=16 years old) medulloblastoma (n=34) and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) patie... |
2,320,134 | Switching of alpha-catenin from alphaE-catenin in the cortical ventricular zone to alphaN-catenin II in the intermediate zone. | Although cadherins and catenins are known to play important roles during neural development, the types of alpha-catenin present in the developing telencephalon are still unknown. Here, we show that the ventricular zones (VZ) of the cortex and the ganglionic eminences express alphaE-catenin and alphaN-catenin, respectiv... |
2,320,135 | IL-6 induces regionally selective spinal cord injury in patients with the neuroinflammatory disorder transverse myelitis. | Transverse myelitis (TM) is an immune-mediated spinal cord disorder associated with inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage. We investigated the soluble immune derangements present in TM patients and found that IL-6 levels were selectively and dramatically elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid and directly correla... |
2,320,136 | Anti-emetic activity of ghrelin in ferrets exposed to the cytotoxic anti-cancer agent cisplatin. | Emesis may be modulated via multiple mechanisms. The actions of ghrelin suggest an ability to couple an induction of hunger with preparation of the stomach for ingestion of food. Such a process might reduce any tendency to vomit, so an anti-emetic activity of ghrelin was investigated in the ferret cisplatin-induced eme... |
2,320,137 | Spinal curvature of cultured Japanese mackerel Scomber japonicus associated with a brain myxosporean, Myxobolus acanthogobii. | Skeletal deformities were found in the cultured Japanese mackerel Scomber japonicus. External and radiographical observations showed the deformed fish to exhibit a dorso-ventral spinal curvature (kyphosis) without fracture or dislocation of the vertebrae. Numerous myxosporean cysts, ca. 0.3 to 1.0 mm in diameter, forme... |
2,320,138 | Endoscopic treatment of thalamic neuroepithelial cysts. Report of three cases. | Thalamic neuroepithelial cysts are rare lesions of the central nervous system. Surgical management of these lesions has varied and yielded mixed results. The authors identified 10 reported cases in the literature, five of which involved symptomatic lesions. The authors present three unique cases of symptomatic thalamic... |
2,320,139 | Cellular and subcellular mRNA localization of glutamate transporter isoforms GLT1a and GLT1b in rat brain by in situ hybridization. | GLT1, the predominant glutamate transporter of the forebrain, exists in two splice variant isoforms, i.e., GLT1a and GLT1b. Although GLT1 was originally detected only in astrocytes, we have recently demonstrated that GLT1a protein is expressed by neurons in the hippocampus as well. In the present study, the mRNA distri... |
2,320,140 | Identification of roughskin newt medullary vasotocin target neurons with a fluorescent vasotocin conjugate. | Arginine8 vasotocin (AVT), a neurohypophyseal peptide in nonmammalian vertebrates, plays a key role in the regulation of social behaviors related to reproduction. In male roughskin newts (Taricha granulosa), AVT is an important facilitator of several reproductive behaviors, including courtship clasping of females. Alth... |
2,320,141 | Intracranial temperature: is it different throughout the brain? | Accurate knowledge of cerebral temperature is assuming increasing importance, because its manipulation is employed more frequently for cerebral protection.</AbstractText>This prospective clinical study was performed to examine how well intraventricular temperature reflects global cerebral temperature.</AbstractText>The... |
2,320,142 | Evaluation of polymer and self-assembled monolayer-coated silicone surfaces to reduce neural cell growth. | The development of silicone catheters has improved the treatment of hydrocephalus. Unfortunately, the functionality of the catheters used for the treatment of hydrocephalus is compromised by cell obstruction. In this study silicone surfaces coated with biopolymers (heparin and hyaluronan) and self-assembled monolayers ... |
2,320,143 | Changes in E2F5 intracellular localization in mouse and human choroid plexus epithelium with development. | The choroid plexus epithelium (CPe) is a specialized epithelium involved primarily in the production of cerebrospoinal fluid (CSF) which is important for maintaining an optimal homeostatic environment for the brain. Although, the physiology of the CPe is fairly well understood, its development has not been thoroughly s... |
2,320,144 | Chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of lipopolysaccharide: effects of ibuprofen treatment and behavioural and histopathological correlates. | Twenty male Wistar rats were trained under an alternating-lever cyclic-ratio (ALCR) schedule of food reinforcement. When responding showed no trends, each subject was subcutaneously implanted with an Alzet osmotic mini-pump, connected to a chronic indwelling cannula extending into the lateral ventricle of the brain. Th... |
2,320,145 | Metastasis of hormone-independent breast cancer to lung and bone is decreased by alpha-difluoromethylornithine treatment. | Polyamines affect proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis of cells, indicating their potential as a target for cancer chemotherapy. Ornithine decarboxylase converts ornithine to putrescine and is the rate-limiting step in polyamine synthesis.alpha-Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) irreversibly inhibits orn... |
2,320,146 | Regulation of the rat brain endothelin system by endogenous beta-endorphin. | Several lines of evidence indicate that the central endogenous opioid and endothelin (ET) system regulate each other. To explore this idea further, we determined the effect of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of anti-beta-endorphin IgG (rabbit) on the expression level of the opioid, corticotropin-releasi... |
2,320,147 | Sudden psychotic episode probably due to meningoencephalitis and Chlamydia pneumoniae acute infection. | Since 9% to 20% of all cases of acute psychosis presenting to an Emergency Department (ED) are due to a general medical condition, cautious medical workup should be mandatory in such patients. Differential diagnosis must consider conditions as diverse as renal failure or CNS infection. Acute Chlamydia pneumoniae infect... |
2,320,148 | Jagged1 signals in the postnatal subventricular zone are required for neural stem cell self-renewal. | Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the postnatal mammalian brain self-renew and are a source of neurons and glia. To date, little is known about the molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating the maintenance and differentiation of these multipotent progenitors. We show that Jagged1 is required by mitotic cells in the subven... |
2,320,149 | Human and rat glioma growth, invasion, and vascularization in a novel chick embryo brain tumor model. | The mechanisms that control the insidiously invasive nature of malignant gliomas are poorly understood, and their study would be facilitated by an in vivo model that is easy to manipulate and inexpensive. The developing chick embryo brain was assessed as a new xenograft model for the production, growth, and study of hu... |
2,320,150 | Hydrogen peroxide predisposes neonatal rat ventricular myocytes to Fas-mediated apoptosis. | Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM) grown in normoxic environment are not susceptible to Fas-induced apoptosis. In the present work, we tested the hypothesis that free radical injury represented by transient exposure to H2O2 sensitizes NRVM to Fas-mediated apoptosis. NRVM were treated with H2O2 (0.5 mM) for 2-4 h ... |
2,320,151 | Identification of sex hormone-binding globulin in the human hypothalamus. | Gonadal steroids are known to influence hypothalamic functions through both genomic and non-genomic pathways. Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) may act by a non-genomic mechanism independent of classical steroid receptors. Here we describe the immunocytochemical mapping of SHBG-containing neurons and nerve fibers in ... |
2,320,152 | Regulated formation and selection of neuronal processes underlie directional guidance of neuronal migration. | Axon guidance and neuronal migration are critical features of neural development, and it is believed that extracellular gradients of secreted guidance cues play important roles in pathfinding. It has been well documented that the growth cones of extending axons respond to such extracellular gradients by growing toward ... |
2,320,153 | Activator of G protein signaling type 3 mRNA is widely distributed in the rat brain and is particularly abundant in the subventricular zone-olfactory bulb system of neural precursor cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. | Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) to heterotrimeric G proteins of the Galphai/o class. Previous studies have described the tissue distribution and expression changes of AGS3 in brain extracts; however the precise localization of AGS3 in intact tissue has not ... |
2,320,154 | The possible role of the NO-cGMP pathway in nociception: different spinal and supraspinal action of enzyme blockers on rat dorsal horn neurones. | In the literature, the pro- or antinociceptive effects of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) are discussed controversially. Our laboratory and others have reported that in the spinal cord a local lack of NO has an excitatory action on the ongoing (background) activity of dorsal horn neurones. H... |
2,320,155 | Molecular regulation of adult CNS neurogenesis: an integrated view. | Neural stem cells in the adult subventricular zone and dentate gyrus might be utilized to replace lost neurons in neurological disorders. The development of treatments would be facilitated by identifying the mechanisms that contribute to functional neurogenesis in adult animals. This review focuses on the emerging view... |
2,320,156 | Expression of GATA6 in the human and mouse central nervous system. | The mammalian GATA family of transcription factors comprises of 6 members that are involved in diverse roles. The expression profile of GATA6 has been poorly defined in the central nervous system (CNS). In this report, we identify GATA6 expression in the normal mouse and human CNS, using Northern blot analyses, immunoh... |
2,320,157 | Impact of maternal-fetal surgery for myelomeningocele on the progression of ventriculomegaly in utero. | Intrauterine myelomeningocele (MMC) repair decreases hindbrain herniation and the need for postnatal ventriculoperitoneal shunting. We examined the impact of intrauterine repair on the progression of ventriculomegaly in utero.</AbstractText>Fetuses with MMC were identified through computerized databases from June 1988 ... |
2,320,158 | A new double patch technique for early repair of postinfarct posterior ventricular septal rupture: avoiding ventriculotomies. | Our new double patch technique for repairing posteroinferior ventricular septal ruptures (VSRs) offers placement of patches in both the left and right ventricle, avoids ventriculotomies and gives good access and complete control of both AV-valves during implantation. We have treated two patients with this technique. Bo... |
2,320,159 | The tegmental proliferation region in the sea lamprey. | The diencephalic/midbrain tegmental domain of the developing lamprey was characterized by the special features of the ventricular zone and distribution of some postmitotic neuronal populations, using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and HNK-1 immunocytochemistry. In late prolarvae and early larvae, the tegment... |
2,320,160 | A generalized finite difference method for modeling cardiac electrical activation on arbitrary, irregular computational meshes. | A generalized finite difference (GFD) method is presented that can be used to solve the bi-domain equations modeling cardiac electrical activity. Classical finite difference methods have been applied by many researchers to the bi-domain equations. However, these methods suffer from the limitation of requiring computati... |
2,320,161 | Nitric oxide pathway is an important modulator of heat loss in rats during exercise. | To assess the role of nitric oxide (NO) in central thermoregulatory mechanisms during exercise, 1.43 micromol (2 microL) of N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, n=6), a NO synthase inhibitor, or 2 microL of 0.15M NaCl (SAL, n=6) was injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle of male Wistar rats immediately... |
2,320,162 | Ecstasy--deadly risk even outside rave parties. | Fatalities due to 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") are rare in Austria, although the use of designer drugs has become quite common. This is the first published case of a fatal MDMA intoxication in Austria. A 19-year-old girl died after the consumption of ecstasy tablets in the apartment of a friend. ... |
2,320,163 | Hyperglycemia induced by pharmacological activation of central serotonergic pathways depends on the functional integrity of brain CRH system and 5-HT3 receptors. | In the present study, we investigated the effect of central serotonergic pathway activation achieved through third ventricle injections of quipazine, a serotonergic agonist, on plasma glucose levels of fasted and fed adult Wistar male rats, whose third ventricles were canulated 7 days before the experiments. Central qu... |
2,320,164 | Effect of cytoskeleton disruptors on L-type Ca channel distribution in rat ventricular myocytes. | The cytoskeleton plays an important role in many aspects of cardiac cell function, including protein trafficking. However, the role of the cytoskeleton in determining Ca channel location in cardiac myocytes is unknown. In the present study we therefore investigated the effect of the cytoskeletal disruptors cytochalasin... |
2,320,165 | Transplantation of human umbilical cord blood cells benefits an animal model of Sanfilippo syndrome type B. | Sanfilippo syndrome type B is caused by alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase (Naglu) enzyme deficiency leading to an accumulation of undegraded heparan sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan (GAG). Cell therapy is a promising new treatment and human umbilical cord blood (hUCB) cell transplantation may be preferred for delivery of the m... |
2,320,166 | [Effect of jiuxinfumai injection on L-type calcium currents in single guinea pig ventricular myocytes]. | To determine the effect of 311 and 417, both active ingredients isolated from Jiuxinfumai injection (Citrus Aurantium) on L-type calcium currents (I(Ca-L)) in ventricular myocytes of guinea pigs.</AbstractText>Single myocytes were dissociated by enzymatic dissociation method. The whole-cell patch-clamp recording techni... |
2,320,167 | Embryonic development of the bovine pineal gland (Bos taurus) during prenatal life (30 to 135 days of gestation). | The ontogenesis of the pineal gland of 30 bovine embryos (Bos taurus) has been analysed from 30 until 135 days of gestation by means of optical microscopy and immunohistochemical techniques. For this study, the specimens were grouped into three stages in accordance with the most relevant histological characteristics: S... |
2,320,168 | Post-hatching development of the turkey pineal organ: histological and immunohistochemical studies. | The study was performed to analyze structural changes of the turkey pineal during the post-hatching development.</AbstractText>The pineals were collected from male turkeys at the age of 1 day, 2, 8, 22, 56 weeks and subjected to histological investigations including morphometrical analyses. The pinealocytes were identi... |
2,320,169 | Aquaporin-1 in the choroid plexuses of developing mammalian brain. | The normal brain develops within a well-controlled stable internal "milieu" protected by specialised mechanisms referred to collectively as blood-brain barriers. A fundamental feature of this environment is the control of water flow in and out of the developing brain. Because of limited vascularisation of the immature ... |
2,320,170 | Intraventricular rhabdoid tumor. | Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) most commonly occurs in kidney. In the central nervous system, cerebellum is the most common site of occurrence. CNS rhabdoid tumors typically occur in small children, do not respond favorably to treatment and are usually fatal within 1-year. Here is reported a 4-year-old child who presen... |
2,320,171 | Angiosarcoma of the heart: structural and ultrastructural study. | Primary cardiac tumours are rare. Nearly 70% of primary cardiac tumours are benign, the majority of which are represented by myxomas. The most frequent primary cardiac neoplasm is the angiosarcoma that represents 31% of primary cardiac malignant. We report a particular clinical case of cardiac angiosarcoma, its light a... |
2,320,172 | Nuclear STAT3 translocation in guinea pig and rat brain endothelium during systemic challenge with lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-6. | During systemic inflammation, cytokines are released by immune-competent cells into the circulation, which in turn signal the brain to mediate brain-controlled signs of illness. Cytokine-responsive brain cells can be mapped by histological analysis of cytokine-induced transcription factors or transcription factor-assoc... |
2,320,173 | Transplantation of multipotent cells extracted from adult skeletal muscles into the subventricular zone of adult rats. | Stem cells isolated from adult tissues may be useful for autologous cell therapy in the nervous system. In the present study we tested the ability of multipotent stem cells isolated from adult muscle to survive and respond to migratory and differentiating cues when transplanted into the adult subventricular zone (SVZ).... |
2,320,174 | Contributions of cortical subventricular zone to the development of the human cerebral cortex. | The cortical subventricular zone (SVZ), a proliferative compartment in the forebrain, has a uniquely important role during the second half of intrauterine development in human. This is best observed in numerous neonatal pathologies that result from prenatal SVZ damage. These conditions highlight a need to better unders... |
2,320,175 | Possible role of CRF peptides in burn-induced hypermetabolism. | Hypermetabolism and anorexia are significant problems associated with major burn trauma. Recent studies have shown that hypothalamic corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) elevates metabolic rate, while neuropeptide Y (NPY) reduces it. CRF also elicits anorexia, while NPY stimulates feeding. We hypothesized that elevatio... |
2,320,176 | Epidermal growth factor (EGF) withdrawal masks gene expression differences in the study of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) activation of primary neural stem cell proliferation. | The recently discovered adult neural stem cells, which maintain continuous generation of new neuronal and glial cells throughout adulthood, are a promising and expandable source of cells for use in cell replacement therapies within the central nervous system. These cells could either be induced to proliferate and diffe... |
2,320,177 | Innovative use of Octopus IV stabilizer in cardiac trauma. | We report an innovative use of the Octopus IV cardiac stabilizer in a case of penetrating thoracic injury. In this case, we used the Octopus IV cardiac stabilizer to immobilize the right ventricular outflow tract during the repair of a stab wound. To date, there have been no reports of such an application of the Octopu... |
2,320,178 | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in infants. | The failure rate following endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in infants younger than 1 year of age has been reported to be higher compared with that of older children. The authors present results of ETVs in such infants and advocate that success or failure of the procedure depends not on the age of the patient but... |
2,320,179 | Mechanisms of failure after endoscopic third ventriculostomy in young infants. | The cause of failed endoscopic third vetriculostomy (ETV) surgery in the treatment of hydrocephalus may be a poor absorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or a new or continuing obstruction of CSF pathways. Particularly in infants, ETV failures often are ascribed to a still poorly developed CSF absorptive capacity.</Abs... |
2,320,180 | Hydrocephalus in children with posterior fossa tumors: role of endoscopic third ventriculostomy. | Controversy exists regarding the indication for endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in children with hydrocephalus caused by posterior fossa tumors. The authors present their treatment modalities and discuss the role of ETV in the management of hydrocephalus.</AbstractText>The authors retrospectively reviewed the ca... |
2,320,181 | Role of radiology in psychiatry: a review. | To assess the contributions of radiological studies to current level of understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie psychiatric symptoms/ disorders and their treatment.</AbstractText>Published articles in indexed journals.</AbstractText>Radiological studies of psychiatric populations with emphasis ... |
2,320,182 | Nonsynaptic GABA signaling in postnatal subventricular zone controls proliferation of GFAP-expressing progenitors. | In the postnatal subventricular zone (SVZ), local cues or signaling molecules released from neuroblasts limit the proliferation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-expressing progenitors thought to be stem cells. However, signals between SVZ cells have not been identified. We show that depolarization of neuroblas... |
2,320,183 | Trypanosoma cruzi isolates from Mexican and Guatemalan acute and chronic chagasic cardiopathy patients belong to Trypanosoma cruzi I. | Trypanosoma cruzi is classified into two major groups named T. cruzi I and T. cruzi II. In the present work we analyzed 16 stocks isolated from human cases and four isolated from triatomines from diverse geographical origins (Mexico and Guatemala). From human cases four were acute cases, six indeterminates, and six fro... |
2,320,184 | Fetal hydrocephalus and intrauterine cerebral ventriculoscopy: an animal model. | The aim of this study was to create an animal model of obstructive ventriculomegaly in the fetal lamb at 78 days of gestation by injecting maternal blood into the lateral ventricles under ultrasound guidance.</AbstractText>An endoscope of 1.2 mm housed in a 1.6-mm trocar was introduced into the dilated lateral ventricl... |
2,320,185 | Variability in couplon size in rabbit ventricular myocytes. | Variation in couplon size is thought to be essential for graded Ca(2+) transients in cardiac myocytes. We examined this variation by investigating spark appearance in rabbit ventricular myocytes at various locations and at potentials from -20 to 0 mV. At 0 mV, sparks appeared at the beginning of the voltage step with a... |
2,320,186 | Differential effects of interleukin-1beta on neurotoxicity, cytokine induction and glial reaction in specific brain regions. | An appropriate inflammatory response is crucial for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. The inflammatory responses seen in the brain parenchyma differ from those elicited in the periphery, ventricles and meninges. However, although an inflammatory component has been associated with many CNS diseases, the differences... |
2,320,187 | The effects of [Arg14, Lys15] nociceptin/orphanin FQ, a highly potent agonist of the NOP receptor, on in vitro and in vivo gastrointestinal functions. | Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) administered into the lateral left cerebral ventricle of rats has been reported to inhibit in vivo gut motor and secretory functions. Recently, a novel N/OFQ analog, [Arg14, Lys15] N/OFQ, was synthesized and demonstrated to behave as a highly potent agonist at the human recombinant N/OFQ ... |
2,320,188 | Role of nitric oxide in subventricular zone neurogenesis. | A possible role of nitric oxide (NO) in adult neurogenesis has been suggested based on anatomical findings showing that subventricular zone (SVZ) neuroblasts are located close to NO-producing cells, and on the known antiproliferative actions of NO in many cell types. Experiments have been performed in rodents with syst... |
2,320,189 | [The choroid plexuses: a dynamic interface between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid]. | The choroid plexuses form one of the interfaces that control the brain microenvironment by regulating the exchanges between the blood and the central nervous system. They appear early during brain development. Originating from four different areas of the neural tube, they protrude into the ventricular system of the bra... |
2,320,190 | [Neuroendoscopic surgery for symptomatic septum pellucidum cyst: report of 10 cases]. | To discuss the diagnosis, surgical indication, endoscopic fenestration procedures, and prognosis of symptomatic septum pellucidum cyst.</AbstractText>Ten patients with symptomatic septum pellucidum cyst showing clinical symptoms of elevated intracranial pressure and epilepsy with the maximal cyst width ranging from 12 ... |
2,320,191 | Glucocorticoid receptor antagonism in the basolateral amygdala and ventral hippocampus interferes with long-term memory of contextual fear. | The binding of glucocorticoids to the type II or glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is known to play a role in memory consolidation and long-term memory. The present series of studies investigated the locus for GR effects on learning and memory of contextual fear conditioning. The GR antagonist RU 38486 was administered peri... |
2,320,192 | [Proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells within the subependymal layer of lateral brain ventricles in response to the neurodegenerative process in the striatum]. | It is known that the subependymal layer (SEL) of the lateral brain ventricles' wall is a source of neural stem cells (NSCs) of adult mammalian brain including the human brain. The NSCs in relation to the striatum differentiate only into glial phenotype. Therefore we focused on proliferative activity of NSCs and precurs... |
2,320,193 | Transplantation of human umbilical cord blood-derived adherent progenitors into the developing rodent brain. | The results of several recent studies suggest that human umbilical cord blood (HUCB)-derived cells have the potential to undergo neural differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. Transplantation into the embryonic ventricular zone provides a unique opportunity to study the migration and differentiation of nonneural som... |
2,320,194 | [Design and development of cerebrospinal fluid container]. | The cerebrospinal fluid container is a device for storage of medicaments. By means of surgical operation, a ventricle catheter can be embedded in the ventricle of the brain. This safe and reliable device provides for neurosurgeons a new method of intracranical therapy and reestablishment of the circulating passage of t... |
2,320,195 | The red wine polyphenol, resveratrol, exerts acute direct actions on guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. | Epidemiological evidence suggests that moderate consumption of red wine may be cardioprotective, although the precise mechanism(s) responsible remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that the red wine polyphenol, resveratrol, may exert direct actions on the heart and thus potentially contribute to cardioprotection. ... |
2,320,196 | Newly defined central nervous system neoplasms. | In recent years, numerous new entities or variants of recognized central nervous system tumors have been described in the literature, and the morphologic spectrum of these neoplasms is delineated incompletely. The accurate diagnosis and classification of these lesions is important to ensure that patients receive adequa... |
2,320,197 | Post-embryonic ablation of AgRP neurons in mice leads to a lean, hypophagic phenotype. | Agouti-related protein (AgRP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) are colocalized in arcuate nucleus (arcuate) neurons implicated in the regulation of energy balance. Both AgRP and NPY stimulate food intake when administered into the third ventricle and are up-regulated in states of negative energy balance. However, mice with tar... |
2,320,198 | Ventricular catheter tack-down suture: technical note. | Tubing migration accounts for a significant number of shunt complications. In an attempt to reduce the likelihood of disconnection and tubing migration, we have developed a technique to rigidly fix the proximal catheter to the skull. The method involves the placement of a small twist drill hole adjacent to the catheter... |
2,320,199 | Neurogenesis in the adult rat brain after intermittent hypoxia. | Intermittent hypoxia has been found to prevent brain injury and to have a protective role in the CNS. To address the possible causes of this phenomenon, we made investigative effort to find out whether intermittent hypoxia affects neurogenesis in the adult rat brain by examining the newly divided cells in the subventri... |
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