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2,322,600 | Optimal transmit phasing for harmonic-background suppression with bipolar square-wave pulser. | Optimal transmit phasing has been proposed to increase contrast-to-tissue ratio (CTR) by relatively phasing the tissue and leakage harmonic components to cancel each other out for tissue-background suppression in harmonic imaging. Since most clinical systems are only equipped with a bipolar square-wave pulser, effectiv... |
2,322,601 | First report of Acanthocheilonema spirocauda in the Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus). | The Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) is one of the world's most endangered marine mammals. The largest population is located mainly throughout the Aegean and Ionian islands and along the coastline of southern continental Greece. We report the findings of a necropsy and discuss their potential importance to t... |
2,322,602 | Review article: the surgical approach to the management of increased intracranial pressure after traumatic brain injury. | Increased intracranial pressure occurring after severe traumatic brain injury is a common and potentially devastating phenomenon. It has been clearly demonstrated that increased intracranial pressure that is refractory to initial medical measures is a poor prognostic sign. Current optimal management is based on a seque... |
2,322,603 | The endogenous actions of hypothalamic peptides on brown adipose tissue thermogenesis in the rat. | Although the neuronal pathways within the hypothalamus critical in controlling feeding and energy expenditure and projecting to brown adipose tissue (BAT) have been identified and their peptidergic content characterized, endogenous action of such peptides in the control of BAT activity has not been elucidated. Here mal... |
2,322,604 | Characteristic brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in central nervous system aquaporin-4 autoimmunity. | Although neuromyelitis optica has been traditionally regarded as a disease without brain involvement, brain abnormalities are not uncommon in patients with neuromyelitis optica-related disorders.</AbstractText>We aimed to characterize the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities in neuromyelitis optica spec... |
2,322,605 | Planar polarity of multiciliated ependymal cells involves the anterior migration of basal bodies regulated by non-muscle myosin II. | Motile cilia generate constant fluid flow over epithelial tissue, and thereby influence diverse physiological processes. Such functions of ciliated cells depend on the planar polarity of the cilia and on their basal bodies being oriented in the downstream direction of fluid flow. Recently, another type of basal body pl... |
2,322,606 | MR cisternography: is it useful in the diagnosis of normal-pressure hydrocephalus and the selection of "good shunt responders"? | The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of MR cisternography (MRC) in the diagnosis of idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) and in the prediction of the response to shunt treatment.</AbstractText>Thirty-six patients with the diagnosis of "probable INPH" were included in the study group and 15 as... |
2,322,607 | Endoscopic treatment of arachnoid cysts: a detailed account of surgical techniques and results. | Surgical treatment of arachnoid cysts remains under debate. Although many authors favor endoscopic techniques, others attribute a higher recurrence rate to the endoscope.</AbstractText>The authors report their experience with endoscopic procedures for arachnoid cyst.</AbstractText>All pure endoscopic procedures for ara... |
2,322,608 | Adult SVZ lineage cells home to and leave the vascular niche via differential responses to SDF1/CXCR4 signaling. | Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) are associated with ependymal and vasculature niches, which regulate stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. Activated Type B stem cells and their progeny, the transit-amplifying type C cells, which express EGFR, are most highly associated with v... |
2,322,609 | Impact of the gyral geometry on the electric field induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation. | The spatial extent of the effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on neural tissue is only coarsely understood. One key problem is the realistic calculation of the electric field induced in the brain, which proves difficult due to the complex gyral folding pattern that results in an inhomogeneous conductivit... |
2,322,610 | Differential effects of antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs on neurogenic regions in rats. | Increased neurogenesis in the hippocampus and subventricular zone (SVZ) of the brain of animals has been demonstrated following administration of several psychotropic medications. Such changes are thought to regenerate tissues and contribute to the beneficial effects of the medications. This study sought to determine i... |
2,322,611 | An NMDA antagonist inhibits light but not GRP-induced phase shifts when administered after the phase-shifting stimulus. | Brief light pulses or microinjection of gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) into the third ventricle or near the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) induce phase shifts of circadian rhythms during the subjective night. It has previously been reported that these effects are strongly influenced by the activation of N-methyl-d-aspa... |
2,322,612 | Irregularly appearing early afterdepolarizations in cardiac myocytes: random fluctuations or dynamical chaos? | Irregularly occurring early afterdepolarizations (EADs) in cardiac myocytes are traditionally hypothesized to be caused by random ion channel fluctuations. In this study, we combined 1), patch-clamp experiments in which action potentials were recorded at different pacing cycle lengths from isolated rabbit ventricular m... |
2,322,613 | Lentivirus-mediated expression of insulin-like growth factor-I promotes neural stem/precursor cell proliferation and enhances their potential to generate neurons. | Strategies to enhance neural stem/precursor cell (NPC) capacity to yield multipotential, proliferative, and migrating pools of cells that can efficiently differentiate into neurons could be crucial for structural repair after neurodegenerative damage. Here, we have generated a lentiviral vector for expression of insuli... |
2,322,614 | Mapping pharmaceuticals in rat brain sections using MALDI imaging mass spectrometry. | Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-tandem mass spectrometric method (MALDI-MS/MS) has proven to be a reliable tool for direct measurement of the disposition of small molecules in animal tissue sections. As example, MALDI-MS/MS imaging system was employed for visualizing the spatial distribution of astemizole a... |
2,322,615 | The value of endoscopy in the total resection of pineocytomas. | Pineocytomas are rare pineal region tumors. The mainstay of treatment for pineocytomas is total surgical resection.</AbstractText>To address the worthiness of endoscopy to achieve total macroscopic resection and whether or not this portends better progression-free and overall survival.</AbstractText>A series of 15 pati... |
2,322,616 | Insight, grey matter and cognitive function in first-onset psychosis. | Several studies have suggested that neuropsychological and structural brain deficits are implicated in poor insight. Few insight studies however have combined neurocognitive and structural neuroanatomical measures.</AbstractText>Focusing on the ability to relabel psychotic symptoms as pathological, we examined insight,... |
2,322,617 | Cerebral biometry at birth and at 4 and 8 months of age. A prospective study using US. | Although longitudinal reference intervals for ventricular size are crucial for the diagnosis of dilated ventricles, such data are sparse.</AbstractText>To establish references for ventricular measurements at birth, and at 4 and 8 months follow-up, and to examine the inter-observer variation of the measurements.</Abstra... |
2,322,618 | Phenylhydrazine-induced anemia causes nitric-oxide-mediated upregulation of the angiogenic pathway in Notothenia coriiceps. | Antarctic icefishes possess several cardiovascular characteristics that enable them to deliver oxygen adequately in the absence of hemoglobin (Hb). To gain insight into mechanisms driving development of these cardiovascular characteristics of icefish, we chemically induced severe anemia in a red-blooded notothenioid, N... |
2,322,619 | Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy in the treatment of vestibular schwannoma (acoustic neuroma): predicting the risk of hydrocephalus. | To determine the incidence and predictive factors for the development of hydrocephalus in patients with acoustic neuromas (AN) treated with fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy.</AbstractText>Seventy-two patients with AN were treated with fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy between 1998 and 2007 (45-50 Gy in 25-30... |
2,322,620 | Fourth ventricular chordoid meningioma. | The chordoid variant of meningioma is a histological subtype which carries with it a more aggressive clinical course and a propensity for recurrence. Similar to other meningioma subtypes, this lesion is encountered typically in the supratentorial compartment, often along the cerebral convexities. The chordoid meningiom... |
2,322,621 | Subependymoma of the spine. | Subependymoma is a rare benign CNS tumor (WHO grade I). The common sites of origin for this type of tumor are the lateral and the fourth ventricles. A spinal intramedullary location is rare. Radiological features of intramedullary subependymoma can mimic more common and more aggressive tumor types. We report a case of ... |
2,322,622 | Remote postoperative epidural hematoma after subdural hygroma drainage. | Objective. Subdural hygroma is reported to occur in 5%-20% of all patients with closed head trauma, the treatment is controversial and in symptomatic cases surgical drainage is need. We report on a new case with remote acute epidural hematoma (AEH) after subdural hygroma drainage. Case Presentation. A 38-year-old man s... |
2,322,623 | Early chordate origins of the vertebrate second heart field. | The vertebrate heart is formed from diverse embryonic territories, including the first and second heart fields. The second heart field (SHF) gives rise to the right ventricle and outflow tract, yet its evolutionary origins are unclear. We found that heart progenitor cells of the simple chordate Ciona intestinalis also ... |
2,322,624 | Differences in microstructural alterations of the hippocampus in Alzheimer disease and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a diffusion tensor imaging study. | DTI can be used to assess the degradation of WM tracts by measuring the FA and MD. Decreased FA/increased MD values in the AD hippocampus have been reported by many studies. In contrast, only a few studies reported on hydrocephalus by using the DTI technique. In elderly patients with dementia and with dilated ventricle... |
2,322,625 | New neurons clear the path of astrocytic processes for their rapid migration in the adult brain. | In the long-range neuronal migration of adult mammals, young neurons travel from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb, a long journey (millimeters to centimeters, depending on the species). How can these neurons migrate through the dense meshwork of neuronal and glial processes of the adult brain parenchyma? P... |
2,322,626 | Maternal malnutrition during lactation alters gonadotropin-releasing hormone expression in the hypothalamus of weaned male rat pups. | Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is the key hormone regulating reproduction. Its feedback regulation is exercised by estradiol. The early postnatal period is critical for sexual differentiation. Despite the fact that malnutrition-related reproductive suppression in rats is a well-documented phenomenon, we had no k... |
2,322,627 | White fiber dissection of brain; the internal capsule: a cadaveric study. | This study was done to study the three dimensional anatomy of internal capsule's white fibers completely by cadaveric dissection and its relation to basal ganglia and other related anatomical structures.</AbstractText>Eight formalin fixed cerebral hemispheres were dissected for internal capsule under operating microsco... |
2,322,628 | Preysyrinx state and shunt dysfunction: an underrecognized entity? | Presyrinx state is a relatively recently recognized condition. Prompt identification of this condition and appropriate treatment leads to reversal of the radiological and clinical findings with a good prognosis. Failure to identify this condition in a timely fashion leads to fully established syringomyelia. To date, pr... |
2,322,629 | Effects of ropinirole on action potential characteristics and the underlying ion currents in canine ventricular myocytes. | In spite of its widespread clinical application, there is little information on the cellular cardiac effects of the dopamine receptor agonist ropinirole. In the present study, therefore, the concentration-dependent effects of ropinirole on action potential morphology and the underlying ion currents were studied in enzy... |
2,322,630 | Neurogenic marker abnormalities in the hippocampus in dementia with Lewy bodies. | Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is associated with alpha synuclein pathology and slowly progressive dementia. Progenitor abnormalities have previously been reported in the subventricular zone (SVZ) adjacent to the lateral ventricle. To evaluate changes in neural stem cells and progenitors in the hippocampal neurogenic ... |
2,322,631 | Islet transplantation: alternative sites. | The portal vein is currently the site of choice for clinical islet transplantation, even though it is far from being an ideal site. Low oxygen tension and the induction of an inflammatory response impair islet implantation and lead to significant early loss. Even if enough islets survive the early implantation period t... |
2,322,632 | Direct demonstration of Staphylococcus biofilm in an external ventricular drain in a patient with a history of recurrent ventriculoperitoneal shunt failure. | External ventricular drains (EVD) are associated with a high infection rate. Early detection of infection is frequently problematic due to a lack of clinical signs and the time period required for culturing. Bacterial biofilms have been suggested to play an important role in the infection of EVD, but direct evidence is... |
2,322,633 | Changes in the volumes of the brain and cerebrospinal fluid spaces after shunt surgery in idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus. | To investigate volumetric changes of the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces after shunt surgery in shunt-responsive idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), and correlations between the changes and postoperative clinical improvements.</AbstractText>Twenty-one patients with shunt-responsive iNPH were stu... |
2,322,634 | Melatonin increases proliferation of cultured neural stem cells obtained from adult mouse subventricular zone. | Melatonin, a circadian rhythm-promoting molecule secreted mainly by the pineal gland, has a variety of biological functions and neuroprotective effects including control of sleep-wake cycle, seasonal reproduction, and body temperature as well as preventing neuronal cell death induced by neurotoxic substances. Melatonin... |
2,322,635 | Increased ventricular lactate in chronic fatigue syndrome measured by 1H MRS imaging at 3.0 T. II: comparison with major depressive disorder. | Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), a complex illness characterized by fatigue, impaired concentration, and musculoskeletal pain, is often misdiagnosed as a psychiatric illness due to the overlap of its symptoms with mood and anxiety disorders. Using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging ((1)H MRSI), we previousl... |
2,322,636 | Brain macro- and microscopic damage in patients with paediatric MS. | To characterise, using conventional and diffusion tensor (DT) MRI, the nature and distribution of lesions and the extent of damage in the brain normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and grey matter (GM) from a relatively large population of paediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.</AbstractText>Brain conventional an... |
2,322,637 | Quiescence and activation of stem and precursor cell populations in the subependymal zone of the mammalian brain are associated with distinct cellular and extracellular matrix signals. | The subependymal zone (SEZ) of the lateral ventricles is one of the areas of the adult brain where new neurons are continuously generated from neural stem cells (NSCs), via rapidly dividing precursors. This neurogenic niche is a complex cellular and extracellular microenvironment, highly vascularized compared to non-ne... |
2,322,638 | Primitive neuroectodermal tumour metastases mimicking neurofibromatosis type 2. | Bilateral vestibular schwannomas are the diagnostic features of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF-2), and are the most common findings associated with the disorder. We report a three-year-old boy who presented with left facial nerve palsy and weight loss with bilateral large cerebellopontine (CP) angle masses that extended ... |
2,322,639 | Increased rat neonatal activity influences adult cytokine levels and relative muscle mass. | Little is known about the effect of physical activity in early life on subsequent growth and regulation of inflammation. We previously reported that exposure of muscles in growing rats to IL-6 results in decreased muscle growth apparently because of a state of resistance to growth factors such IGF-I and that running ex... |
2,322,640 | A mathematical model of the murine ventricular myocyte: a data-driven biophysically based approach applied to mice overexpressing the canine NCX isoform. | Mathematical modeling of Ca(2+) dynamics in the heart has the potential to provide an integrated understanding of Ca(2+)-handling mechanisms. However, many previous published models used heterogeneous experimental data sources from a variety of animals and temperatures to characterize model parameters and motivate mode... |
2,322,641 | Morphological study on microvasculature of left ventricular wall in infant and adult yaks. | Observations on the microvasculature in the left ventricular wall of infant and adult yaks under light and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were presented. Moreover, the diameter of different microvasculature and the density of the capillaries in three layers of the ventricular myocardium were measured using Image Pr... |
2,322,642 | Claudin-5a in developing zebrafish brain barriers: another brick in the wall. | Claudins serve essential roles in regulating paracellular permeability properties within occluding junctions. Recent studies have begun to elucidate developmental roles of claudins within immature tissues. This work has uncovered an involvement of several claudins in determining tight junction properties that have an e... |
2,322,643 | Notch3 in human breast cancer cell lines regulates osteoblast-cancer cell interactions and osteolytic bone metastasis. | Breast cancer preferentially metastasizes to bone. We therefore addressed the role of Notch signaling in osteoblast-cancer cell interactions and in bone metastasis. Human bone marrow osteoblasts selectively enhanced the expression of Notch3 and its ligand Jagged1 in human breast cancer cell lines. Osteoblasts also stim... |
2,322,644 | [Microsurgical removal of huge tuberculum sellae meningiomas through bi-subfrontal anterior longitudinal fission approach]. | To summary the microsurgical techniques for removal of huge tuberculum sellae meningiomas through the bi-subfrontal anterior longitudinal fission approach.</AbstractText>Eleven patients with huge tuberculum sellae meningiomas underwent microsurgical removal of the meningiomas between January, 2005 and November, 2009. T... |
2,322,645 | Fluo-cAMP is transported by multidrug resistance-associated protein isoform 4 in rat choroid plexus. | The choroid plexuses (CP) are responsible for transport of micronutrients into brain and clearance of toxic compounds, in addition to its barrier function and production of CSF. Multidrug resistance-associated protein (Mrp) 4 is one transport protein highly expressed in CP tissue and is characterized as a versatile pum... |
2,322,646 | Alzheimer's disease modifies progenitor cell expression of monoamine oxidase B in the subventricular zone. | In the adult brain, progenitor cells remaining in the subventricular zone (SVZ) are frequently identified as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells that retain attributes reminiscent of radial glia. Because the very high expression of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) in the subventricular area has been relate... |
2,322,647 | Periventricular heterotopia in common microdeletion syndromes. | Periventricular heterotopia (PH) is a brain malformation characterised by heterotopic nodules of neurons lining the walls of the cerebral ventricles. Mutations in FLNA account for 20-24% of instances but a majority have no identifiable genetic aetiology. Often the co-occurrence of PH with a chromosomal anomaly is used ... |
2,322,648 | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy vs cerebrospinal fluid shunt in the treatment of hydrocephalus in children: a propensity score-adjusted analysis. | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has preferentially been offered to patients with more favorable prognostic features compared with shunt.</AbstractText>To use advanced statistical methods to adjust for treatment selection bias to determine whether ETV survival is superior to shunt survival once the bias of patien... |
2,322,649 | Isolated intraventricular aspergillosis in a schizophrenic patient. | Intracranial aspergillosis of the lateral ventricle is a rare condition and has not been reported in a schizophrenic patient. We report a 39-year-old male patient with underlying schizophrenia and a rapid deterioration of consciousness. Initial cranial computed tomographic images revealed focal dilatation of the poster... |
2,322,650 | Targeting the zebrafish optic tectum using in vivo electroporation. | In vivo electroporation is a method for delivery of plasmids and other oligonucleotide reagents that offers precise temporal control. In zebrafish, in vivo electroporation is particularly well-suited to delivering green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression vectors to the developing central nervous system. This protocol... |
2,322,651 | Intracranial migration of bone dust after intraventricular neuroendoscopy complicating acute hydrocephalus and removal of bone dust: case report. | To present the first case of neuroendoscopic removal of migrated intraventricular bone dust and gel foam after intraventricular endoscopic surgery.</AbstractText>A 37-year-old man was admitted with a 2-year history of headache. Brain computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cavum vergae c... |
2,322,652 | Endoscopic management of large multicompartmental intraventricular arachnoid cyst extending from foramen magnum to foramen of Monro. | The treatment options for symptomatic arachnoid cysts are shunting, open craniotomy, and endoscopic fenestration. Endoscopic fenestration of large arachnoid cyst is safe and effective. Postoperative subdural hematoma and intraparenchymal hemorrhage can be avoided by endoscopic fenestration. This technique has the addit... |
2,322,653 | Choroid plexus tumors: an institutional series of 25 patients. | Choroid plexus tumors (CPT) are rare neoplasms that pose considerable treatment challenges. This study reviews a single institute's experience with 25 patients of CPT and attempts to contribute to the general body of knowledge on CPT.</AbstractText>A retrospective analysis of the case records of 25 patients operated fo... |
2,322,654 | Endoscopic management of third ventricular colloid cysts: eight years' institutional experience and description of a new technique. | The operative approaches for colloid cyst excision are varied with open microsurgical excision still being considered as the "gold standard". Endoscopic removal of these cysts is gaining in popularity.</AbstractText>To document the efficacy and safety of the endoscope for colloid cyst excision.</AbstractText>Retrospect... |
2,322,655 | Cerebrospinal fluid absorption disorder of arachnoid villi in a canine model of hydrocephalus. | Hydrocephalus results from inadequate passage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from its point of production within the cerebral ventricles to its point of absorption into systemic circulation.</AbstractText>The objective of this study was to investigate the disorders of CSF absorption by arachnoid villi during the differen... |
2,322,656 | Bicosomes: bicelles in dilute systems. | Bicelles are discoidal phospholipid nanostructures at high lipid concentrations. Under dilute conditions, bicelles become larger and adopt a variety of morphologies. This work proposes a strategy to preserve the discoidal morphology of bicelles in environments with high water content. Bicelles were formed in concentrat... |
2,322,657 | The clinical significance of MIB-1 labeling index in pituitary adenomas. | Pituitary adenomas are unique in several ways--they are rarely malignant and yet can be invasive of several compartments. Recurrences in tumors with bland histological features that have been radically excised are a reason for frustration faced by endocrinologists and neurosurgeons in treatment of pituitary adenomas. S... |
2,322,658 | Airway obstruction due to bronchial vascular injury after sulfur mustard analog inhalation. | Sulfur mustard (SM) is a frequently used chemical warfare agent, even in modern history. SM inhalation causes significant respiratory tract injury, with early complications due to airway obstructive bronchial casts, akin to those seen after smoke inhalation and in single-ventricle physiology. This process with SM is po... |
2,322,659 | Hypothalamic arcuate neuropeptide Y-neurons decrease periventricular somatostatin-neuronal activity before puberty in the female lamb: morphological arguments. | It is assumed that hypothalamic somatostatin plays a dominant role in the regulation of growth of developing lambs. On the other side, neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons of the arcuate (ARC) nucleus are potentially involved in the control of gonadotrophins in prepubertal lambs and also of growth hormone (GH) secretion in adu... |
2,322,660 | Steroidal and gonadal effects on neural cell proliferation in vitro in an adult songbird. | Neurogenesis in the adult songbird brain occurs along the ventricular zone (VZ), a specialized cell layer surrounding the lateral ventricles. To examine the acute effects of sex steroids on VZ cell proliferation, male and female adult zebra finch brain slices containing the VZ were exposed to 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-5'... |
2,322,661 | Xanthogranuloma of the sellar region in a patient with sarcoidosis. | Xanthogranuloma of the sellar region is a very rare brain tumor with favorable prognosis and without reported relapses of purely xanthogranulomatous lesion after complete resection. A case is presented of a 40-year-old male diagnosed with and treated for sarcoidosis, complaining of headache, photophobia and loss of lib... |
2,322,662 | Neurological and developmental disabilities in ELBW and VLBW: follow-up at 2 years of age. | To establish the prevalence of neurodevelopmental disabilities among premature infants born in western Poland.</AbstractText>From 1999 to 2003, 640 extremely low birth weight (ELBW) and 777 very low birth weight (VLBW) infants were admitted to the tertiary care center in Poland. Discharged home were 302 and 671 of them... |
2,322,663 | Six-month atrophy in MTL structures is associated with subsequent memory decline in elderly controls. | Neurodegeneration precedes the onset of dementias such as Alzheimer's by several years. Recent advances in volumetric imaging allow quantification of subtle neuroanatomical change over time periods as short as six months. This study investigates whether neuroanatomical change in medial temporal lobe subregions is assoc... |
2,322,664 | Expression pattern of mUBPy in the brain and sensory organs of mouse during embryonic development. | Mouse UBPy (mUBPy) belongs to the family of ubiquitin-specific processing proteases (UBPs). In this study we have investigated the expression of mUBPy in the brain and sensory organs of mouse at different embryonic stages (E9, E11, E13, E15, E17, E19) and during the postnatal stages P0, P1, P2, P4 and P5 using Western ... |
2,322,665 | Characteristic features of a nerve primo-vessel suspended in rabbit brain ventricle and central canal. | Bonghan theory was proposed by Bonghan Kim to illustrate the anatomy and physiology of the acupuncture meridian system. One of his astonishing claims was the physical presence of the nerve primo-vessel, which can be involved with a regenerating system of nerves. Our previous work has shown that there is a nerve primo-v... |
2,322,666 | Bonghan circulatory system as an extension of acupuncture meridians. | The Bonghan system is a newly-discovered circulatory system, which corresponds to classical acupuncture meridians and was discovered in the early 1960s by Bonghan Kim. Despite its potential importance in biology and medicine, it has been ignored or forgotten for a long time. Only recently have most of its significant p... |
2,322,667 | Recurrence of fourth ventricular choroid plexus papilloma with late occurrence of a spinal drop metastasis. | Choroid plexus papillomas are rare tumours, which occasionally spread both intracranially and down the spinal canal. Spinal metastasis has been reported infrequently and only once many years since the initial diagnosis. This is the first reported case of late recurrence, metastasis and transformation of a benign to an ... |
2,322,668 | Phase-contrast MRI and 3D-CISS versus contrast-enhanced MR cisternography for the detection of spontaneous third ventriculostomy. | To compare the diagnostic efficacies of phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI) and three-dimensional constructive interference in steady-state (3D-CISS) sequence for the detection of spontaneous third ventriculostomy (STV) on the basis of contrast-enhanced MR cisternography (MRC).</AbstractText>Eleven obstructive hydrocephalus pa... |
2,322,669 | [Intracranial subependymoma: clinical features and surgical management of 22 cases]. | To study the clinical features, neuro-radiology and treatment of intracranial subependymomas.</AbstractText>A total of 22 subependymomas were reviewed with regards to clinical presentation, neuro-imaging features, treatment, histopathological features and long-term follow-up. There were 13 males and 9 females with an a... |
2,322,670 | Shunting of recurrent post-traumatic syringomyelia into the fourth ventricle: a case report. | Post-traumatic syringomyelia is a progressive degenerative disorder that is a well-recognized sequela of spinal cord injury. There is currently no optimal intervention capable of producing satisfactory long-term clinical results.</AbstractText>In this report, we present a 55-year-old Asian man with recurrent syringomye... |
2,322,671 | Building a human cortex: the evolutionary differentiation of Cajal-Retzius cells and the cortical hem. | Cajal-Retzius (CR) cells are the most significant source of reelin, an extracellular matrix glycoprotein essential for cortical development. Strategically located in the marginal zone, CR cells control radial migration and laminar positioning of pyramidal neurons of the cortical plate. They degenerate and undergo cell ... |
2,322,672 | Can using a peel-away sheath in shunt implantation prevent ventricular catheter obstruction? | Shunt obstruction is the most common shunt complication. In 2003, Kehler et al. used peel-away sheath while implanting the ventricular catheter in 20 patients. They found less revision rate in the peel-away sheath group. We aimed to test the efficacy of this technique in cadavers.</AbstractText>We used 100 fresh brains... |
2,322,673 | Antisense correction of SMN2 splicing in the CNS rescues necrosis in a type III SMA mouse model. | Increasing survival of motor neuron 2, centromeric (SMN2) exon 7 inclusion to express more full-length SMN protein in motor neurons is a promising approach to treat spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a genetic neurodegenerative disease. Previously, we identified a potent 2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl) (MOE) phosphorothioate-modifie... |
2,322,674 | Septins regulate developmental switching from microdomain to nanodomain coupling of Ca(2+) influx to neurotransmitter release at a central synapse. | Neurotransmitter release depends critically on close spatial coupling of Ca(2+) entry to synaptic vesicles at the nerve terminal; however, the molecular substrates determining their physical proximity are unknown. Using the calyx of Held synapse, where "microdomain" coupling predominates at immature stages and developm... |
2,322,675 | Septohippocampal pathways contribute to system consolidation of a spatial memory: sequential implication of GABAergic and cholinergic neurons. | Studies of the neuropharmacological substrates of spatial memory formation have focused on the contribution of septohippocampal pathways. Although these pathways include, among others, cholinergic and GABAergic fibers innervating the hippocampus, research has essentially been oriented towards the role of their choliner... |
2,322,676 | Intraventricular cystic meningioma. | We report a case of a 45-year-old male patient with intraventricular cystic meningioma located in the left lateral ventricle. He presented with complaints of global headache, progressively increasing loss of memory, and frequent episodes of abnormal behavior, of 1 month duration. At the time of hospital admission, his ... |
2,322,677 | Transient and permanent gene transfer into the brain of the teleost fish medaka (Oryzias latipes) using human adenovirus and the Cre-loxP system. | In this study, we demonstrated that human type-5 adenovirus infected the brain of the teleost fish, medaka (Oryzias latipes), in vivo. Injection of adenoviral vector into the mesencephalic ventricle of medaka larvae induced the expression of reporter genes in some parts of the telencephalon, the periventricular area of... |
2,322,678 | Reduced sample sizes for atrophy outcomes in Alzheimer's disease trials: baseline adjustment. | Cerebral atrophy rate is increasingly used as an outcome measure for Alzheimer's disease (AD) trials. We used the Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging initiative (ADNI) dataset to assess if adjusting for baseline characteristics can reduce sample sizes. Controls (n = 199), patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n =... |
2,322,679 | Ventricular maps in 804 ADNI subjects: correlations with CSF biomarkers and clinical decline. | Ideal biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) should correlate with accepted measures of pathology in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); they should also correlate with, or predict, future clinical decline, and should be readily measured in hundreds to thousands of subjects. Here we explored the utility of automated 3D maps... |
2,322,680 | Phase-contrast cine MRI revealing en valve mechanism in spontaneous third ventriculostomy: report of a case and literature review. | A 50-year-old epileptic woman affected by hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis was admitted to the hospital because of headache, dysarthria, and mild lateral pulsion. Cranial computed tomography (CT) revealed left cerebellar hemorrhage. Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain demonstrated an enlarg... |
2,322,681 | A sensitive method to analyse the effect of putative regulatory ligands on the release of glycoprotein from primary cultures of dispersed bovine subcommissural organ cells. | The subcommissural organ (SCO) releases into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) large glycoproteins that polymerize forming the Reissner's fibre (RF), which is involved in CSF circulation and homeostasis. We obtained high purity primary cultures of bovine secretory SCO cells and measured glycoprotein release by a reliable a... |
2,322,682 | Modified bilateral subtemporal decompression for resistant slit ventricle syndrome. | Slit ventricle syndrome (SVS) remains a major problem for early shunted children. Several conservative and surgical treatment paradigms have been suggested; however, there is no consensus on the optimal surgical treatment. We present our experience using bilateral subtemporal decompressions with dura and arachnoid open... |
2,322,683 | Transventricular Biopsy of Brain Tumor without Hydrocephalus Using Neuroendoscopy with Navigation. | It is usually difficult to perform the neuroendoscopic procedure in patients without hydrocephalus due to difficulties with ventricular cannulation. The purpose of this study was to find out the value of navigation guided neuroendoscopic biopsy in patients with peri- or intraventricular tumors without hydrocephalus.</A... |
2,322,684 | Newborn frontal horn cysts: cause for concern? | To document the incidence, natural history and compare neurodevelopmental outcome of newborns with and without frontal horn cysts (FHC).</AbstractText>This was a case-control study. Newborns with and without FHC were identified and matched for demographics and worst cranial ultrasound scan (CUS) findings. Neurodevelopm... |
2,322,685 | Giant atypical intraventricular meningioma presenting with visual loss in a child. | Giant atypical intraventricular meningioma is very rare in childhood. Atypical meningiomas are characterised by an increased mitotic ratio and MIB-1 expression, and demonstrate more aggressive tumour behaviour compared with typical meningiomas.</AbstractText>We present the case of an 11-year-old girl who presented to t... |
2,322,686 | NFIA controls telencephalic progenitor cell differentiation through repression of the Notch effector Hes1. | The balance between self-renewal and differentiation of neural progenitor cells is an absolute requirement for the correct formation of the nervous system. Much is known about both the pathways involved in progenitor cell self-renewal, such as Notch signaling, and the expression of genes that initiate progenitor differ... |
2,322,687 | Gastro-right ventricular fistula: a deadly complication of a gastric pull-through. | A 70-year-old patient presented with melena, dyspnea, and generalized weakness. An endoscopy revealed a deep ulcer with a pulsatile clot in the intrathoracic gastric tube that had been previously constructed for esophageal replacement. Shortly thereafter, the patient died of exsanguination secondary to a fistula betwee... |
2,322,688 | Arrow injury to the heart. | Arrow injury to the heart is a common cause of penetrating trauma in rural areas of underdeveloped nations. We report such a patient who survived 3 days after such an injury and traveled 1000 km with a pulsating arrow in the chest for treatment. The literature on such injuries is reviewed. |
2,322,689 | Spatio-temporal deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) and netrin-1 expression in human foetal brain development. | Deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) and its ligand netrin-1 are known as axonal guidance factors, being involved in angiogenesis, migration and survival of precursor cells in the embryonic mammalian central nervous system (CNS). So far, little is known about the distribution of those molecules in human CNS development.<... |
2,322,690 | Effect of methamphetamine on potassium and L-type calcium currents in rat ventricular myocytes. | The mechanisms of cardiac toxicity caused by methamphetamine (MA) are poorly understood at present. This study was designed to investigate the effects of MA on ionic currents in myocardial cells. The effects of MA on transient outward potassium current (I(to)), inward rectifying potassium current (I(K1)), and L-type ca... |
2,322,691 | Comparison of newly generated doublecortin-immunoreactive neuronal progenitors in the main olfactory bulb among variously aged gerbils. | In the present study, we investigated age-related differences in neuronal progenitors in the gerbil main olfactory bulb (MOB) using doublecortin (DCX), a marker for neuronal progenitors which differentiate into neurons in the brain. No difference in the number of neuronal nuclei (NeuN)-immunoreactive neurons was found ... |
2,322,692 | Corpus callosum morphology and relationship to orbitofrontal and lateral ventricular volume in teenagers with first-presentation borderline personality disorder. | Previous studies have demonstrated alterations to fronto-limbic circuitry and callosal structure in borderline personality disorder (BPD). We predicted that a first-presentation BPD cohort who demonstrated orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) reductions would show regional reductions in the anterior corpus callosum.</AbstractTex... |
2,322,693 | Modification of gastric pH in the fasted dog. | The aim was to compare the ability of pretreatments to consistently adjust gastric conditions to low or high pH in the fasted state in dogs.</AbstractText>Four male Labrador/Labrador-cross dogs weighing 25-35 kg were surgically equipped with a ventricle fistula cannula in the stomach and a jejunal nipple valve stoma. D... |
2,322,694 | Restoration of central nervous system alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity and therapeutic benefits in mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB mice by a single intracisternal recombinant adeno-associated viral type 2 vector delivery. | Finding efficient central nervous system (CNS) delivery approaches has been the major challenge facing therapeutic development for treating diseases with global neurological manifestation, such as mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) IIIB, a lysosomal storage disease, caused by autosomal recessive defect of alpha-N-acetylglucos... |
2,322,695 | A novel role for the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products in neural progenitor cells derived from adult SubVentricular Zone. | The Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface receptors which interacts with a wide range of ligands, such as High-Mobility Group Box-1 (HMGB-1), S100B, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). Here we provided evidence for the restricted expression... |
2,322,696 | Reducing hippocampal cell proliferation in the adult rat does not prevent the acquisition of cocaine-induced conditioned place preference. | Neurogenesis is important for developing certain forms of memory. Recently, hippocampal cell proliferation has been implicated in the development of drug addiction, an extreme form of emotional/motivational pathological memory. Aiming to explore the role of hippocampal neural cell proliferation in cocaine-induced condi... |
2,322,697 | Peripherally injected lipopolysaccharide induces apoptosis in the subventricular zone of young adult mice. | Because the subventricular zone (SVZ) constantly supplies newly generated neurons to the olfactory bulb (OB) along the rostral migratory stream (RMS) in adult brain, SVZ-RMS-OB axis has been thought to work as a unit. We previously reported that peripherally injected lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces apoptosis in the OB... |
2,322,698 | Mammillothalamic tract in human brain: diffusion tensor tractography study. | The mammillothalamic tract (MTT) is a part of the Papez circuit and connects the mammillary body and anterior thalamus. No studies of the MTT have been performed using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT). In the current study, we attempted to identify the MTT in the human brain using DTT. We recruited 25 healthy volunt... |
2,322,699 | Proteomic investigations of the ventriculo-lumbar gradient in human CSF. | Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an ideal biological material in which to search for new biomarkers for improved diagnosis of neurological diseases. During a lumbar puncture between 5 and 15 mL of CSF are obtained. Previous studies have assessed the ventriculo-lumbar concentration gradient of a number of specific proteins.... |
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