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2,322,400 | Untangling the functional potential of PSA-NCAM-expressing cells in CNS development and brain repair strategies. | Central nervous system (CNS) neural stem cells (NSCs), which are mostly defined by their ability to self-renew and to generate the three main cell lineages of the CNS, were isolated from discrete regions of the adult mammalian CNS including the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle and the dentate gyrus in... |
2,322,401 | A 44-kDa of protein identical to the N-terminal amino acid sequence of MCT1 in human circulation. | A family of specific carrier protein designated as monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) has been known to transport the lactate and other moncarboxylates in mammalian cells. We hypothesized the presence of serum protein in human circulation that may works as a lactate carrier and that biochemical structure would possesses... |
2,322,402 | Repetitive preischemic infusion of phosphodiesterase III inhibitor olprinone elicits cardioprotective effects in the failing heart after myocardial infarction. | Beta-adrenergic (BA) signaling including cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA) pathway has been implicated in the mechanism of ischemic preconditioning (IPC). However, effect of IPC on the failing heart, in which BA signaling is supposed to be altered, is left to be determined. To assess a role of BA signaling in IPC, levels of ... |
2,322,403 | Effects of epinephrine on underperfusion-reperfusion injuries in diabetic and non-diabetic rat hearts. | The sympathetic nervous systems may bear relevance to the increased incidence of heart failure in diabetes (DM). In our isolated rat hearts perfused at constant low flow rate, norepinephrine dose-dependently enhanced diabetic myocardial damage, particularly during underperfusion. The purpose of this investigation is to... |
2,322,404 | Does enhanced expression of the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger increase myocardial vulnerability to ischemia/reperfusion injury in rabbit hearts? | Reverse-mode activation of the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) at the time of reperfusion following ischemia contributes to Ca2+ overload and cardiomyocyte injury. The aim of the present study was to determine whether increased NCX in the myocardium that survived after infarction enhances its vulnerability to ischemia/reperfu... |
2,322,405 | Alterations in nitric oxide-cGMP pathway in ventricular myocytes from obese leptin-deficient mice. | Leptin is a regulator of body weight and affects nitric oxide (NO) production. This study was designed to determine whether the myocardial NO-cGMP signal transduction system was altered in leptin-deficient obese mice. Contractile function, guanylyl cyclase activity, and cGMP-dependent protein phosphorylation were asses... |
2,322,406 | Brain natriuretic peptide in diagnosis and treatment of heart failure. | Currently we are in the midst of a chronic disease epidemic of congestive heart failure (CHF) worldwide. This epidemic is marked by a rapid rise in prevalent cases over the past decade that is due in part to the aging population and improved survival in patients with other cardiovascular conditions. At present there ar... |
2,322,407 | Long-term cultivation of multipotential neural stem cells from adult rat subependyma. | Cultivation of adult rat neural stem cells (RNSCs) from the ventricular subependyma has been reported to be more difficult than growth of mouse neural stem cells. This is unfortunate, because rats provide useful models of brain function and disease, and implantation of RNSCs in these models could provide critical infor... |
2,322,408 | Syringomyelia associated with hydrocephalus and Blake's pouch cyst: case report. | This is a case report of a 37-year-old woman who sought treatment for a large syringomyelic cavitation extending from C3 to the entire medulla, a tetraventricular hydrocephalus, and a cystic cavitation in the posterior cranial fossa communicating with the fourth ventricle (Blake's pouch cyst). The patient underwent a d... |
2,322,409 | Phenylpropanolamine-induced intraventricular hemorrhage. | Intracranial hemorrhage is an uncommon complication of phenylpropanolamine. There is an increasing awareness of this complication in the West. However, to the best of our knowledge there have been no cases reported from India. Here we report a patient who developed Intraventricular hemorrhage following ingestion of Phe... |
2,322,410 | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in obstructed hydrocephalus. | Forty-three ETV were performed in 46 patients of obstructive hydrocephalus. Study was divided into two groups. Group 1 was with 29 children of less than two years age. Group 2 had seventeen patients of more than 2 years, adolescent and adults. Group 1 had 70% clinical and 63% radiological improvement whereas Group 2 sh... |
2,322,411 | Generation of dendritic cells from the ventricular fluid in patients with meningeal carcinomatosis. | Mononuclear cells were obtained from the ventricular fluid and peripheral blood in 10 patients with meningeal carcinomatosis (MC). Using GM-CSF, IL-4, tumor necrotizing factor (TNF)-alpha, and CD40L, we could induce mature dendritic cells (DC) (positive for CD45, CD80, CD83, and CD86) from the ventricular fluid in all ... |
2,322,412 | Differential induction of interleukin-I beta mRNA in the brain parenchyma of Lewis and Fischer rats after peripheral injection of lipopolysaccharides. | The expression of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) mRNA was compared in the brain of inflammatory susceptible LEW/N and resistant F344/N rats at 3, 6, and 12 h after peripheral administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or saline. No differences between strains were observed in the circumventricular organs (CVOs) and chor... |
2,322,413 | Myxopapillary ependymoma of the lateral ventricle with local recurrences: histopathological and ultrastructural analysis of a case.<Pagination><StartPage>51</StartPage><EndPage>57</EndPage><MedlinePgn>51-7</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>An exceptional case of a recurrent intracranial ependymoma of myx... | An exceptional case of a recurrent intracranial ependymoma of myxopapillary type arising from the lateral ventricle is reported in a 37-year-old man. This distinctive morphological variant of ependymoma is virtually restricted to the region of cauda equina and filum terminale or occasionally to pre- or post-sacral soft... |
2,322,414 | Wernicke's encephalopathy: is diffusion-weighted MRI useful? | We present the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of five patients with acute Wernicke's encephalopathy. T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images demonstrated symmetrical hyperintense lesions within the dorsomedial thalami, periaqueductal white matter, and the tectum of the... |
2,322,415 | High efficacy of clonal growth and expansion of adult neural stem cells. | Neural stem cells (NSCs) from the adult central nervous system are currently being investigated for their potential use in autologous cell replacement strategies. High expansion rates of NSCs in culture are crucial for the generation of a sufficient amount of cells needed for transplantation. Here, we describe efficien... |
2,322,416 | A case report: 201Tl/99mTc-Pyrophosphate dual-isotope myocardial SPECT for detecting annular subendocardial infarction induced by a transient shock.<Pagination><StartPage>e63</StartPage><EndPage>e66</EndPage><MedlinePgn>e63-e66</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.jccase.2010.03.003... | The patient was a 74-year-old woman with angina pectoris, who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention with stent placement in the right coronary artery on October 2, 2007. On November 12 of the same year, she suffered from paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. She was treated with pilsicainide hydrochloride administ... |
2,322,417 | The cytologic findings in choroid plexus carcinoma: report of a case with differential diagnosis. | Choroid plexus carcinoma is a rare tumor of the choroid plexus that shows frank cytologic features of malignancy including frequent mitoses, increased cellularity, nuclear pleomorphism, loss of papillary architecture, and necrosis. It occurs predominantly in the pediatric population and is associated with a poor progno... |
2,322,418 | Unusual presentation of xanthogranuloma of the choroid plexus. | Intracranial xanthogranulomas are rare benign tumors and occur most commonly as choroid plexus xanthogranulomas, which rarely become symptomatic. Exact etiology is still a matter of debate. We present a case of xanthogranuloma of the choroid plexus of the third ventricle, causing obstructive hydrocephalus of the latera... |
2,322,419 | Genistein inhibits osteolytic bone metastasis and enhances bone mineral in nude mice. | In this study, the effective activity of genistein on osteolytic bone metastasis and bone mineral was investigated. Female BALB/c-nu/nu mice were injected with estrogen receptor-negative human breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231, into left cardiac ventricle to form osteolytic bone metastases, and administered genistein sub... |
2,322,420 | The atrioventricular node: origin, development, and genetic program.<Pagination><StartPage>164</StartPage><EndPage>171</EndPage><MedlinePgn>164-71</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.tcm.2011.02.001</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The sinus node generates the electrical impuls... | The sinus node generates the electrical impulse, which spreads rapidly over both atria, causing them to contract simultaneously. In the normal heart, a layer of connective tissue electrically insulates the atria and ventricles. The only pathway that crosses this plane is the atrioventricular conduction axis, through wh... |
2,322,421 | Harvey Cushing's surgical treatment of a pediatric patient with an intraventricular glioma. | <AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND/AIMS" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">The combination of inadequate technology and incomplete nomenclature systems created challenges for early neurosurgeons, and contributed to the dismal prognosis for brain tumors, particularly within the pediatric population.</AbstractText>Following IRB appro... |
2,322,422 | Clear cell meningioma of the fourth ventricle in a child: a case report and literature review. | Clear cell meningiomas are rare meningioma variants and are recognized as World Health Organization grade II tumours. They may be difficult to manage given their propensity to recur early especially if present in surgically challenging locations. We describe a rare case of a fourth ventricular clear cell meningioma wit... |
2,322,423 | Development of an FE model of the rat head subjected to air shock loading. | As early as the 1950's, Gurdjian and colleagues (Gurdjian et al. 1955) observed that brain injuries could occur by direct pressure loading without any global head accelerations. This pressure-induced injury mechanism was "forgotten" for some time and is being rekindled due to the many mild traumatic brain injuries attr... |
2,322,424 | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in patients with malfunctioning CSF-shunt. | A less favorable outcome is usually claimed for ETV in formerly shunted patients, and continuous bias exists on using endoscopy in cases with malfunctioning CSF shunts.</AbstractText>A cohort of 60 patients with obstructive triventricular hydrocephalus (mean age 22 years, range 1-68) underwent an ETV instead of shunt r... |
2,322,425 | Purinergic receptor-mediated Ca signaling in the olfactory bulb and the neurogenic area of the lateral ventricles. | Like in other vertebrates, the anterior part of the telencephalon of amphibians mainly consists of the olfactory bulb (OB), but different from higher vertebrates, the lateral telencephalic ventricles of larval Xenopus laevis expand deep into the anterior telencephalon. The neurogenic periventricular zone (PVZ) of the l... |
2,322,426 | [The state of brain ventricles and their ependima in different scenarios of traumatic blood loss]. | The objective of the present study was to evaluate the state of ependima and the subependimal layer of the brain ventricles after death from the traumatic blood loss and in the cases of the blood loss under conditions of acute alcoholic and narcotic intoxication. The methods used for this purpose included light and sca... |
2,322,427 | [Pathomorphology of congenital ventriculomegaly]. | The paper gives the results of a morphological investigation using ventricular system embedding, organometry, light and electron microscopies, histostereometry and immunohistohemistry of brains from 50 fetuses and neonatal infants of 22-27 weeks gestation. The comprehensive investigations revealed the morphological fea... |
2,322,428 | Development and application of human virtual excitable tissues and organs: from premature birth to sudden cardiac death.<Pagination><StartPage>87</StartPage><EndPage>99</EndPage><MedlinePgn>87-99</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>The electrical activity of cardiac and uterine tissues has been reconstruct... | The electrical activity of cardiac and uterine tissues has been reconstructed by detailed computer models in the form of virtual tissues. Virtual tissues are biophysically and anatomically detailed, and represent quantitatively predictive models of the physiological and pathophysiological behaviours of tissue within an... |
2,322,429 | Significance of high levels of endogenous melatonin in Mammalian cerebrospinal fluid and in the central nervous system. | Levels of melatonin in mammalian circulation are well documented; however, its levels in tissues and other body fluids are yet only poorly established. It is obvious that melatonin concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of mammals including humans are substantially higher than those in the peripheral circulation. ... |
2,322,430 | The effect of drug treatment on neurogenesis in Parkinson's disease. | There has been recent interest in the possibility that impaired neurogenesis may contribute to the decline in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD). We have investigated the effects of commonly used treatments for PD on neural stem cell (NSC) activity in nondemented patient... |
2,322,431 | Central antalgic activity of resveratrol. | A single dose of resveratrol (25 μg/10μl) was injected directly into the right lateral cerebral ventricle (icv) of Wistar rats via an implanted cannula in order to study the analgesic properties of the compound. A control group of rats received 10 μl NaCl 0.9%. The lengthening of the time to reaction ... |
2,322,432 | Localisation of Mediterranean Kaposi's sarcoma in Morgagni's ventricle. | Head and neck involvement in Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) is not unusual. However, laryngeal involvement is a relatively infrequent manifestation and ENT specialists should consider it in differential diagnosis in laryngeal lesions of AIDS patients and/or subjects from the Mediterranean area.</AbstractText>Case report and rev... |
2,322,433 | [Neurootological symptoms in Bruns' syndrome]. | The aim of the study was to present clinical neurootological symptoms in the case of early stage of the fourth ventricle tumor diagnosed finally on the base of MRI. Visual-oculomotor, vestibular-oculomotor, vestibulo-spinal and other electrophysiological signs of the vestibular damage of the brainstem were: paresis of ... |
2,322,434 | Hemorrhagic colloid cyst with sudden coma. | Third ventricle colloid cysts are regarded as benign lesions. They may, however, present with dramatic and rapidly deteriorating neurological signs, leading to sudden death. Although the exact cause of this clinical course is unknown, acute hydrocephalus caused by occlusion of Monro's foramina has been suggested. This,... |
2,322,435 | Na+-coupled bicarbonate transporters in duodenum, collecting ducts and choroid plexus. | Epithelia cover the internal and external surfaces of the organism and form barriers between the various compartments. Some of these epithelia are specialized for effective transmembrane or even transepithelial movement of acid-base equivalents. Certain epithelia with a high rate of HCO3- transport express a few potent... |
2,322,436 | Effects of low doses of intracerebroventricular 6-OHDA on the levels of monoaminergic neurotransmitters in rat brain structures. | The objective of this study was to determine the degree and specificity of noradrenergic lesions in different areas of the rat brain after intracerebroventricular administration of low doses of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into both lateral ventricles. Our interest focused on the induction of an effective hypothalamic le... |
2,322,437 | Control of neuronal migration through rostral migration stream in mice.<Pagination><StartPage>269</StartPage><EndPage>279</EndPage><MedlinePgn>269-79</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.5115/acb.2010.43.4.269</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>During the nervous system development, imma... | During the nervous system development, immature neuroblasts have a strong potential to migrate toward their destination. In the adult brain, new neurons are continuously generated in the neurogenic niche located near the ventricle, and the newly generated cells actively migrate toward their destination, olfactory bulb,... |
2,322,438 | B-type natriuretic Peptide in isolated severe tricuspid regurgitation: determinants and impact on outcome.<Pagination><StartPage>139</StartPage><EndPage>145</EndPage><MedlinePgn>139-45</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.4250/jcu.2010.18.4.139</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="B... | The aims of this study were to characterize the peculiarities of structural reorganization of right and left ventricular myocardium in response of physical load. Male laboratory white rats (2 month old) were choused in free spinning running wheel (n=5) for 1 month and 2 month (n=5), non-running animals (n=5) serve as c... |
2,322,439 | Helicobacter pylori infection and precancerous lesions of the stomach. | Chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, hereditary non-polyposos colon cancer, gastric dysplasia, gastric adenoma, Barrett esophagitis and familiar adenomatous polyposis are confirmed precancerous lesions of the stomach. Most of these conditions are correlated with long-term infections with Helicobacter pylo... |
2,322,440 | Lectins as a tool for detecting neural stem/progenitor cells in the adult mouse brain. | Glycoconjugates are biopolymers that are broadly distributed in the central nervous system, including the cell surface of neural stem cells or neural precursor cells (NSCs/NPCs). Glycoconjugates can be recognized by carbohydrate-binding proteins, lectins. Two lectins, Phaseolus vulgaris lectin agglutinin E-form (PHA-E4... |
2,322,441 | An unusual site of metastasis from gastrointestinal stromal tumor. | Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. They commonly metastasize within the abdominal cavity, particularly to the liver. Less commonly, metastases can be found in the lung or bone. This report describes the first two cases of metastasis to the left ventricle in patients wi... |
2,322,442 | Ectopia cordis with endocardial cushion defect: Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis with autopsy correlation. | The prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of ectopia cordis associated with a complex intra-cardiac defect (common atrium, common atrioventricular valve with single ventricle) is illustrated in a 32-week gestation fetus. The fetus showed associated features of amniotic band disruption sequence. The cardiac autopsy findin... |
2,322,443 | The effect of intracerebroventricular injection of histamine in visceral nociception induced by acetic acid in rats.<Pagination><StartPage>289</StartPage><EndPage>292</EndPage><MedlinePgn>289-92</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.4103/0253-7613.70157</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText ... | Neurogenesis in the postnatal brain depends on maintenance of three biological events: proliferation of progenitor cells, migration of neuroblasts, as well as differentiation and integration of new neurons into existing neural circuits. For postnatal neurogenesis in the olfactory bulbs, these events are segregated with... |
2,322,444 | Transplantation of neural stem cells derived from human cord blood to the brain of adult and neonatal rats. | Searching for a reliable source of alternative neural stem cells for experimental treatment of neurological disorders we have established neural stem cell line derived from human umbilical cord blood (HUCB-NSC) (Buzanska et al. 2006). These cells have been shown to differentiate along neuronal and glial lineages in the... |
2,322,445 | Calcitonin-like immunoreactivity in the subcommissural organ-Reissner's fiber complex of some freshwater and marine teleosts. | The subcommissural organ (SCO) is a highly specialised circumventricular ependymal organ covering and penetrating the posterior commissure. The secretory products of the SCO condense to form Reissner's fiber (RF). Because of its extensive secretory activity and the chemical properties of its secretion, the organ functi... |
2,322,446 | Adult hippocampal neurogenesis in aging and Alzheimer's disease. | Adult neurogenesis occurs in the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles. This process is highly regulated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, which may control the proliferation and/or maturation of neural progenitor cells. Adult-born neurons are integrat... |
2,322,447 | Clinicopathological analysis of central and extraventricular neurocytoma: a report of 17 cases. | Neurocytoma, a rare brain tumor, is characterized by a mass located mainly in cerebral ventricles. It is prone to be misdiagnosed as oligodendroglioma or ependymoma due to their similar histopathological features in clinical practice. This study aimed to examine the clinicopathological features and differential diagnos... |
2,322,448 | Placement of Ommaya reservoir following endoscopic third ventriculostomy in pediatric hydrocephalic patients: a critical reappraisal. | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has become standard for obstructive hydrocephalus. Even a successful ETV can obstruct, leading to recurrence of symptoms and even death. A possible solution to this problem is leaving an Ommaya reservoir (OR) following the ETV. OR can be tapped in an emergency and for diagnostic p... |
2,322,449 | Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.<Pagination><StartPage>68</StartPage><EndPage>71</EndPage><MedlinePgn>68-71</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a cardiac dysfunction characterized by transient segmented ballooning of the left ventricle, usually the apical region. It mainly affects post... | Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a cardiac dysfunction characterized by transient segmented ballooning of the left ventricle, usually the apical region. It mainly affects postmenopausal women and represents 1 to 2% of all cases of suspected myocardial infarction. Clinical presentation is similar to that of an acute coronary... |
2,322,450 | Neuropeptide FF receptor antagonist, RF9, attenuates the fever induced by central injection of LPS in mice. | The endogenous opioid system has been found to be involved in the fever caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Neuropeptide FF (NPFF, FLFQPQRF-NH(2)) is an endogenous peptide known to modulate opioid activity, mainly in the central nervous system. Therefore, those data suggested a link between LPS-induced fever and NPFF s... |
2,322,451 | Germinal sites and migrating routes of cells in the mesencephalic and diencephalic auditory areas in the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). | There is a clear core-shell organization in the auditory nuclei of amniotes. However, such organization only exists in the mesencephalic, but not in the diencephalic auditory regions of amphibians. To gain insights into how this core-shell organization developed and evolved, we injected a small dose of [(3)H]-thymidine... |
2,322,452 | Spontaneous knot; a rare cause of ventriculoperitoneal shunt blockage. | A 14-year old X linked congenital hydrocephalus presented with unexplained headaches and vomiting. He had external ventricular drain and intracranial pressure monitoring (ICP). Subsequently, he underwent exploration and removal of previously inserted ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts. On retrieval of peritoneal catheter... |
2,322,453 | Seizure in people with newly diagnosed active or transitional neurocysticercosis. | The aim of this study is to describe seizure as a presenting symptom in individuals with recently diagnosed neurocysticercosis (NCC).</AbstractText>Using logistic regression, we examined the probability of having seizures as a presenting symptom among those with active or transitional NCC by host age and gender, and by... |
2,322,454 | Hypoxia upregulates the expression of the O-linked N-acetylglucosamine containing epitope H in human ependymal cells. | Epitope H contains an O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) residue in a specific conformation and/or environment recognized by mouse IgM monoclonal antibody H (mabH). Epitope H is present in several types of cells and in several polypeptides outside the CNS. Previous results have shown that in the adult human brains... |
2,322,455 | Emerging new sites for adult neurogenesis in the mammalian brain: a comparative study between the hypothalamus and the classical neurogenic zones. | In adult mammalian brain, two main germinative regions located in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle and in the subgranular cell layer of the hippocampal dentate gyrus have been considerably documented and are still under intense scrutiny. However, new neuron formation has recently been reported in variou... |
2,322,456 | Effect of baclofen on liquid and solid gastric emptying in rats. | Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a potent inhibitory neurotransmitter. There is evidence that GABA(B) receptors located in the dorsal complex and in afferent fibers of the vagus nerve participate in the control of gastrointestinal motility.</AbstractText>To assess the intracerebroventricularly (ICV) and intravenously ... |
2,322,457 | [Molecular mechanism and mental function of postnatal neurogenesis]. | Postnatal neurogenesis has been observed in two brain regions: the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus, among vertebrates including human. Accumulating evidence has indicated the molecular mechanisms commonly underlying embryonic and ... |
2,322,458 | Value of endoscopic third ventriculostomy instead of shunt revision. | The purpose of this study was to analyze the value of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in patients with shunt malfunction or infection.</AbstractText>ETV was performed in 263 patients in Greifswald between 1993 and 2008. We reviewed the data of all patients with previous shunts who underwent ETV instead of shunt ... |
2,322,459 | Water jet dissection technique for endoscopic third ventriculostomy minimises the risk of bleeding and neurological complications in obstructive hydrocephalus with a thick and opaque third ventricle floor. | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is a procedure of choice in the treatment of obstructive hydrocephalus. Neurovascular injury while perforating the ventricular floor can occur when using a conventional probe, especially in patients with a thick and opaque third ventricle floor. The water jet dissection technique ... |
2,322,460 | The ontogeny of Mauthner cells in the brain of Labeo rohita as revealed by NADPH-d and nNOS immunohistochemistry. | Nitric oxide (NO) is well demonstrated to act as a neuronal messenger in neurotransmission in vertebrate animals. We are for the first time reporting nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the Mauthner cells (MC) of the carp, Labeo rohita brain duri... |
2,322,461 | Endothelin/endothelin-B receptor signals regulate ventricle-directed interkinetic nuclear migration of cerebral cortical neural progenitors. | We determined the expression profile of ∼300 G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in embryonic cortical neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and identified a number of highly expressed GPCRs, among which endothelin-B receptor (ET(B)-R) was expressed at the highest level. We also revealed that endothelins (ETs) were pre... |
2,322,462 | Volumetric correlates of spatiotemporal working and recognition memory impairment in aged rhesus monkeys. | Spatiotemporal and recognition memory are affected by aging in humans and macaque monkeys. To investigate whether these deficits are coupled with atrophy of memory-related brain regions, T(1)-weighted magnetic resonance images were acquired and volumes of the cerebrum, ventricles, prefrontal cortex (PFC), calcarine cor... |
2,322,463 | [Preliminary interpretation on the relationship between the phenotype of CD133+ cells and niche in transplanted human glioma in mice]. | CD133(+) tumor cells are regarded as cancer stem cells (CSCs), responsible for tumor initiation, development, and relevant with chemo- and radio-resistance of tumors. However, how the destiny of CD133(+) cells is regulated by their niche remains largely unknown. In this study the interpretation of the relationship betw... |
2,322,464 | Congenital malformations in newborns of alcoholic mothers. | To identify the presence of fetal alcohol syndrome, other alcohol-related congenital defects, and/or neurodevelopment disorders in newborns of mothers who consumed alcohol during gestation.</AbstractText>In a public maternity in the city of São Paulo, 1,964 puerperal women were interviewed and 654 had consumed alc... |
2,322,465 | Growth restriction before and after birth increases kinase signaling pathways in the adult rat heart. | To investigate the mechanisms for the previously reported development of adult cardiac hypertrophy in male rats following growth restriction, the levels of oxidative stress and activation of signaling kinases were measured in the left ventricle (LV) of adult rat offspring. In experiment one, bilateral uterine vessel li... |
2,322,466 | Intracerebral administration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) reduces severity of cataleptic freezing in mice with genetic predisposition to catalepsy. | Single administration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) into the lateral ventricle of ASC mice (Antidepressant Sensitive Catalepsy), a model of depression-like state, significantly decreased predisposition to cataleptic freezing in these animals. These findings indicate that BDNF can appear as a promising ant... |
2,322,467 | Dynamic expression of the p53 family members p63 and p73 in the mouse and human telencephalon during development and in adulthood. | p63 and p73, family members of the tumor suppressor p53, are critically involved in the life and death of mammalian cells. They display high homology and may act in concert. The p73 gene is relevant for brain development, and p73-deficient mice display important malformations of the telencephalon. In turn, p63 is essen... |
2,322,468 | Leptin facilitates lordosis behavior through GnRH-1 and progestin receptors in estrogen-primed rats. | Dose response curves for leptin facilitation of estrous behavior (lordosis and proceptivity) were made by infusing the peptide into the lateral ventricle (icv) of ovariectomized (ovx), ad libitum-fed rats injected 40h previously with 5μg of estradiol benzoate. Leptin doses of 1 and 3μg produced significant ... |
2,322,469 | EphB signaling controls lineage plasticity of adult neural stem cell niche cells. | Stem cells remain in specialized niches over the lifespan of the organism in many organs to ensure tissue homeostasis and enable regeneration. How the niche is maintained is not understood, but is probably as important as intrinsic stem cell self-renewal capacity for tissue integrity. We here demonstrate a high degree ... |
2,322,470 | Mutant α-synuclein and aging reduce neurogenesis in the acute 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine model of Parkinson's disease. | Neurogenesis, the production of new neurons from less differentiated precursor cells, normally occurs in adult brains in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Neurogenesis declines with aging. In previous studies, neurogenesis was stimulated b... |
2,322,471 | Spectrum of pilomyxoid astrocytomas: intermediate pilomyxoid tumors. | To define the spectrum of pilomyxoid morphology and to characterize the association between pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA) and pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), 84 cases of pediatric astrocytomas with pilomyxoid features were reviewed. Forty-two of these tumors had coexistent features of PMA and PA ("intermediate"). With the a... |
2,322,472 | [NADPH-diaphorase, nitric oxide synthase, and tyrosine hydroxylase in the diencephalon of the Rhodeus sericeus (Cyprynidae:Teleostei)]. | The presence and distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-like neurons as well as tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive (TH) neurons was studied in the diencephalon of the cypriniform teleost Rhodeus sericeus. The anatomical relationships between tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)- and nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-containing ce... |
2,322,473 | The conjugation of an AQP1-directed immunotoxin in the study of site-directed therapy within the CNS. | The water channel, aquaporin (AQP)1, is highly specific to the choroid plexus (CP) epithelium within the brain. It is therefore a potential target through which therapeutic agents could be selectively directed to the CP. Here we describe the conjugation of a monoclonal antibody (mAb), raised against an extra-cellular d... |
2,322,474 | Intraventricular migration of the bone dust. Is a second operation for removal necessary? Case report and review of the literature. | As the number of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (E3V) operations increase, new rare complications are encountered. In this article, a complication caused by bone particles that migrated into the third ventricle will be described. Additionally, the methods of avoidance as well as the necessity of a new approach will b... |
2,322,475 | Intelligent shunt agent for gradual shunt removal. | When passive shunts, which divert cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the ventricles in the brain to another part of the body, were developed, apparently they change favourably the treatment of hydrocephalus, then it becomes of great importance to overcome the drawbacks of such shunts, and the gradual rising use of various ... |
2,322,476 | Technical note: An apparatus for catheterization of the lateral brain ventricle in Holstein cows. | A stereotaxic apparatus for access to the lateral brain ventricle of Holstein cows was constructed. This apparatus permits topographic orientation on the head of an anesthetized cow that has been placed in right lateral recumbency. After assessing the XY-plane in parallel to the frontal bone, correct coordinates in ref... |
2,322,477 | In vitro properties of small ruminant lentivirus genotype E. | Small ruminant lentivirus genotype E lacks the dUTPase subunit and vpr-like gene. Two strains (Roccaverano and Seui) with identical genetic organization have been described, with the env HV1-HV2 domains being the most divergent. Although dUTPase and vpr-like deletions have been involved in the RT fidelity in non dividi... |
2,322,478 | Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor of the fourth ventricle with advanced microvascular proliferation--a case report. | Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor (RGNT) of the fourth ventricle is a recently described novel type of primary brain tumor that was included into the current WHO classification of CNS tumors. It is a very rare, slowly growing, mixed neoplasm at cerebellar localization with distinctive morphological pattern. We present... |
2,322,479 | A laryngocele revealing a small cell lung carcinoma. | Laryngocele is defined as an abnormal dilatation of the laryngeal ventricle. It is a very rare entity, and the exact underlying mechanism is still unclear. Laryngoceles are associated with larynx carcinoma but not yet lung cancer.</AbstractText>A 46-year-old man presented with stridor, wheezing, dyspnea at rest, hoarse... |
2,322,480 | Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in adults: a technique for dealing with the neural (opaque) floor. | An opaque (neural) floor of the third ventricle is considered an obstacle to safe penetration of the floor of the third ventricle in endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV). The direct technique of endoscopic coring ("cookie cut") of the opaque (neural) floor of the third ventricle is described in 41 cases among a total... |
2,322,481 | Adenomatous polyposis coli is essential for both neuronal differentiation and maintenance of adult neural stem cells in subventricular zone and hippocampus. | The tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is a multifunctional protein that not only inhibits the Wnt signaling pathway by promoting the degradation of β-catenin but also controls cell polarity, motility, and division. APC is abundantly expressed in the adult central nervous system, but its role in ad... |
2,322,482 | Spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage: Does surgery benefit comatose patients? | Treatment of spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) is still controversial. We therefore analyzed the comatose patients diagnosed as having spontaneous SICH and treated by surgery.</AbstractText>We retrospectively analyzed the collected data of 25 comatose patients with initial Glasgow Coma Scale (G... |
2,322,483 | TGF-beta-RI kinase inhibitor SD-208 reduces the development and progression of melanoma bone metastases. | Melanoma often metastasizes to bone where it is exposed to high concentrations of TGF-β. Constitutive Smad signaling occurs in human melanoma. Because TGF-β promotes metastases to bone by several types of solid tumors including breast cancer, we hypothesized that pharmacologic blockade of the TGF-β si... |
2,322,484 | [Effect of astrocytes with different degrees of proliferation on multidrug resistance gene expression in rats with epilepsy]. | To study the relationship of activated astrocytes and multidrug resistance gene (MDR) expression in rats with epilepsy.</AbstractText>Astrocytes of neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were separated and cultured. The cultured cells of passage 3 were activated by TNF-α for 2, 24 or 48 hrs. The culture media of cells with... |
2,322,485 | Adult neurogenesis in the hedgehog (Erinaceus concolor) and mole (Talpa europaea). | We investigated adult neurogenesis in two species of mammals belonging to the superorder Laurasiatheria, the southern white-breasted hedgehog (order Erinaceomorpha, species Erinaceus concolor) from Armenia and the European mole (order Soricomorpha, species Talpa europaea) from Poland. Neurogenesis in the brain of these... |
2,322,486 | Ventromedian forebrain dysgenesis follows early prenatal ethanol exposure in mice. | Ethanol exposure on gestational day (GD) 7 in the mouse has previously been shown to result in ventromedian forebrain deficits along with facial anomalies characteristic of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). To further explore ethanol's teratogenic effect on the ventromedian forebrain in this mouse model, scanning electron ... |
2,322,487 | Directional gene-transfer into the brain by an adenoviral vector tagged with magnetic nanoparticles. | Adenoviral (Ad) vectors are useful for in vivo gene transfer into the brain. If Ad vectors are injected into the ventricle of mouse embryonic brain, Ad vectors introduce a foreign gene into neural progenitor cells on the surface of ventricle. However, Ad vectors were unable to deliver a foreign gene to a targeted regio... |
2,322,488 | Expression of Nurr1 during rat brain and spinal cord development. | Nurr1 is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and is a regulatory factor of differentiation, migration and maturation of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons. The present study was designed to observe the dynamic changes in the protein expression of Nurr1 and the relationship between Nurr1 and proliferating cell ... |
2,322,489 | Effects of brain insults and pharmacological manipulations on the adult hippocampal neurogenesis. | During the last two decades, neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain has been extensively investigated. Studies have indicated that two brain regions, the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle, possess the most active progenitor cells that are capable o... |
2,322,490 | Individualized ventricular access using multi-plane brain images. | Recently, many surgical techniques are applied to accurate ventricular catheterization. However, there are still some limitations in utilizing those methods. We introduce a simple method for the ventricular access and report two illustrative cases using our method.</AbstractText>We marked the trajectory using the preop... |
2,322,491 | Long-term outcome after treatment of hydrocephalus in children. | To provide long-term outcome data after treatment of hydrocephalus in children, and to identify risk factors for ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) failure.</AbstractText>Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and VPS procedures in children between 2001 and 2005 were reviewed. Data collected prospectively included age at... |
2,322,492 | Isolation of neural stem cells from neural tissues using the neurosphere technique. | This unit describes protocols for the derivation, characterization, and expansion of neural stem cell (NSC) lines from the adult mouse subventricular zone (mNSCs), embryonic mouse brain and from the human fetal brain (hNSCs). NSCs can be isolated by enzymatic digestion of specific regions (NSCs niches) of the central n... |
2,322,493 | Interactions between kisspeptin and neurokinin B in the control of GnRH secretion in the female rat. | Neurokinin B (NKB) and its cognate receptor neurokinin 3 (NK3R) play a critical role in reproduction. NKB and NK3R are coexpressed with dynorphin (Dyn) and kisspeptin (Kiss1) genes in neurons of the arcuate nucleus (Arc). However, the mechanisms of action of NKB as a cotransmitter with kisspeptin and dynorphin remain p... |
2,322,494 | Plasmodium berghei ANKA: erythropoietin activates neural stem cells in an experimental cerebral malaria model. | Cerebral malaria (CM) causes substantial mortality and neurological sequelae in survivors, and no neuroprotective regimens are currently available for this condition. Erythropoietin (EPO) reduces neuropathology and improves survival in murine CM. Using the Plasmodium berghei model of CM, we investigated if EPO's neurop... |
2,322,495 | Postnatal exposure to N-ethyl-N-nitrosurea disrupts the subventricular zone in adult rodents. | N-ethyl-N-nitrosurea (ENU), a type of N-nitrous compound (NOC), has been used as inductor for brain tumours due to its mutagenic effect on the rodent embryo. ENU also affected adult neurogenesis when administered during pregnancy. However, no studies have investigated the effect of ENU when exposured during adulthood. ... |
2,322,496 | Constitution of the ependyma in the chicken telencephalon. | The constitution of ependyma derived from the ventricular zone is different from that derived from other regions of the central nervous system. In the mammalian cerebrum, the ependyma is varied by the regions to cortex or basal ganglia (BG). In the avian telencephalon (Tc), previous studies about the constitution of th... |
2,322,497 | Prenatal developmental toxicity of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) in the rat. | The aim of the study was to assess the maternal toxicity of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) and embryotoxic, fetotoxic, and teratogenic effects after administration of the PCN mixture to pregnant rats in four (0.3-9.0 mg/kg bw) daily doses during organogenesis (days 6-15 of gestation). For dams, a dose of 0.3 mg/kg... |
2,322,498 | Altered cellular localization of aquaporin-1 in experimental hydrocephalus in mice and reduced ventriculomegaly in aquaporin-1 deficiency. | Hydrocephalus is a pathological accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the cerebral ventricles that constitutes a significant cause of neurological morbidity and mortality. Surgical treatment involving shunt placement is associated with a high failure rate and complications due to infection, motivating the develo... |
2,322,499 | Cellular organization of adult neurogenesis in the Common Marmoset. | Adult neurogenesis within the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle (LV) has been most intensely studied within the brains of rodents such as mice and rats. However, little is known about the cell types and processes involved in adult neurogen... |
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