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46,952,944 | As I have opened account, I got this kind of tax info related message on Google Play Console.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/CPmrS.png)
As per Indian tax standard its asking for GSTIN info as per my business.
But I don't have any registered business exist so I am not business tax payer of the country so I don't have this kind of GSTIN number.
So what is the solution in this case for me? | 2017/10/26 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/46952944",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1308171/"
] | Now I got proper reply from Google Support Team and posting here so if other users have noticed same point then they can get relief.
Please read content of attached image so that you will get whole idea.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NZfxF.png) | I have contacted google payment help desk. If you are an individual developer you can ignore this error let the banner flash. Google currently does not have category as individual tax payer and businesses.
This error will not affect your application uploads. This will also will not affect your payment receipts. |
14,560 | I have never heard this sound before, it made the sound whether i used my brakes or not, it only stopped when i turned right. anyone have any idea what this could be? | 2014/12/14 | [
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/14560",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com",
"https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/users/7779/"
] | I had a situation like this many years ago: my 87 Mustang would make squeaking brake disk noises from one of the front wheels when the wheels were very close to straight ahead. When I turned the steering wheel, the noise would sometimes stop. This was eventually diagnosed as a brake disk that was very slightly warped.
Your car is getting older now (full disclosure: my car is the same age) so I'd be thinking about at the disks and the calipers. If you can tell which side it's happening on, that would be a good start. Things you could check:
1. Warped rotors (which could cause the brake pad to contact the rotor even with your foot off the pedal).
2. Brake caliper not opening all the way (same problem: the pad could still be touching ever so slightly).
3. Foreign material (e.g., something got between the pad and the rotor). | Worn pads. Pads worn down to the metal would cause your symptoms. Have your vehicle checked over for this noise, but expect to have the pads and rotors changed. |
4,984,868 | I did an SDK update last night and it moved adb.exe. In its place it left a file called "adb\_has\_moved.txt" saying
>
> The adb tool has moved to platform-tools/
>
>
> If you don't see this directory in your SDK, launch the SDK and AVD
> Manager (execute the android tool) and install "Android SDK Platform-tools"
>
>
> Please also update your PATH environment variable to include the
> platform-tools/ directory, so you can execute adb from any location.
>
>
>
So I did all that, including the PATH and now I can start adb.exe from any DOS prompt. But I **still** can't start it from Eclipse (Galileo 3.52). When I try it says
>
> Location of the Android SDK has not been set up in the preferences
>
>
>
... which is not true. The SDK IS set up in Preferences. The real problem is at the top of the Preferences window where it says "*Could not find C:\SDK\android-sdk-windows\ **tools** \adb.exe!*" ...No kidding - the update moved it to C:\SDK\android-sdk-windows\ **platform-tools**. Because it's specifying a specific (wrong) path Eclipse is bypassing the PATH variable. So how do I get Eclipse to look in the right place? | 2011/02/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4984868",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/424690/"
] | I had the same problem, and updating Eclipse did the trick. **Eclipse -> Help -> Check for Updates**. Also see <http://sagistech.blogspot.com/2010/12/can-not-find-adbexe-after-android-sdk.html>. | Updating the ADT plugin from within Eclipse might help, as detailed here: <http://developer.android.com/sdk/eclipse-adt.html>
Alternatively, I guess you could always make the directory 'tools' in C:\SDK\android-sdk-windows and copy adb.exe in there - a bit of a hack but it should work :) |
211,773 | I'm a heavy user of OS X's / iOS's ‘text substitutions’ or text replacements. I probably have hundreds of these.
At some point in the recent-ish past (last couple of years?), Apple silently started syncing them between devices logged into the same iCloud app; that was great, for a while.
Unfortunately, at some point, my Macbook lost *all* of my substitutions, for no apparent reason. They still existed on all my iOS devices, but now none of my completions (like ccommand or ooption or sshrug) worked on my laptop. This eventually fixed itself (again for no apparent reason) … but it's just happened *again*, immediately after purchasing and setting up a new Mac Pro.
As this is the second time, I'm starting to wonder if anyone else has seen this behaviour, or if they know how to go about fixing it without waiting on iCloud to Magically Fix Itself, as I did last time? | 2015/10/20 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/211773",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/15184/"
] | So, this has happened to me twice more (up to four times now, Go Go Apple™! (｡-\_-｡), and the same fix that solved this for me when originally asked has worked both times. I'm going to consider it an actual solution, at this point (although do please let me know if it works for you, as well!)
If you have *another device* from which they did not disappear (for example, an iPhone), then leave the settings entirely alone on your computer, and add a single *new* completion to your iOS device. With any luck, all of your old completions (along with the new one, of course) should magically appear on your desktop machine!
(Important to note, though, that [you may find it difficult](https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/182546/how-to-permanently-delete-text-substitutions) to *remove* substitutions, so don't make your entry something that will trouble you later if you can't remove it! I suggest something like ‘afwrdhd’, that you'll never actually be trying to type.) | I noticed this as well, and after a year of being annoyed by it I managed to fix by "brute force" ;-) What worked for me is opening the relevant screens in latest iOS and OS X side by side, and typing the same values for each. I only use 5 or 6 shortcuts so it was easy. In the past I've updated the iOS *OR* the Mac device and my changes were overridden by the other. So this worked, give it a try. |
211,773 | I'm a heavy user of OS X's / iOS's ‘text substitutions’ or text replacements. I probably have hundreds of these.
At some point in the recent-ish past (last couple of years?), Apple silently started syncing them between devices logged into the same iCloud app; that was great, for a while.
Unfortunately, at some point, my Macbook lost *all* of my substitutions, for no apparent reason. They still existed on all my iOS devices, but now none of my completions (like ccommand or ooption or sshrug) worked on my laptop. This eventually fixed itself (again for no apparent reason) … but it's just happened *again*, immediately after purchasing and setting up a new Mac Pro.
As this is the second time, I'm starting to wonder if anyone else has seen this behaviour, or if they know how to go about fixing it without waiting on iCloud to Magically Fix Itself, as I did last time? | 2015/10/20 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/211773",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/15184/"
] | >
> After removing the folder ***com.apple.InputMethodKit.TextReplacementService*** from the depths of the *~/Library* heirarchy and restarting the computers my current list of Text Replacement shortcuts is available on two Macs that previously refused to synchronize. Both of these Macs legitimately run Sierra, but didn’t start life that way. The folder ***com.apple.InputMethodKit.TextReplacementService*** is buried somewhere inside *~/Library*. Sorry, I didn’t make note of the full path — I found it using a Finder Search.
>
>
> Update: A friend in the Ars Technica: Macintoshian Achaia forum reports that the path is ~/Library/Group Containers/com.apple.InputMethodKit.TextReplacementService
>
>
>
ᔥ [A VooDoo fix for Macintosh Text Replacement Sync - Jeff Berg - Mini'app'les](https://miniapples.org/2016/12/13/a-voodoo-fix-for-macintosh-text-replacement-sync/) | I noticed this as well, and after a year of being annoyed by it I managed to fix by "brute force" ;-) What worked for me is opening the relevant screens in latest iOS and OS X side by side, and typing the same values for each. I only use 5 or 6 shortcuts so it was easy. In the past I've updated the iOS *OR* the Mac device and my changes were overridden by the other. So this worked, give it a try. |
211,773 | I'm a heavy user of OS X's / iOS's ‘text substitutions’ or text replacements. I probably have hundreds of these.
At some point in the recent-ish past (last couple of years?), Apple silently started syncing them between devices logged into the same iCloud app; that was great, for a while.
Unfortunately, at some point, my Macbook lost *all* of my substitutions, for no apparent reason. They still existed on all my iOS devices, but now none of my completions (like ccommand or ooption or sshrug) worked on my laptop. This eventually fixed itself (again for no apparent reason) … but it's just happened *again*, immediately after purchasing and setting up a new Mac Pro.
As this is the second time, I'm starting to wonder if anyone else has seen this behaviour, or if they know how to go about fixing it without waiting on iCloud to Magically Fix Itself, as I did last time? | 2015/10/20 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/211773",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/15184/"
] | So, this has happened to me twice more (up to four times now, Go Go Apple™! (｡-\_-｡), and the same fix that solved this for me when originally asked has worked both times. I'm going to consider it an actual solution, at this point (although do please let me know if it works for you, as well!)
If you have *another device* from which they did not disappear (for example, an iPhone), then leave the settings entirely alone on your computer, and add a single *new* completion to your iOS device. With any luck, all of your old completions (along with the new one, of course) should magically appear on your desktop machine!
(Important to note, though, that [you may find it difficult](https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/182546/how-to-permanently-delete-text-substitutions) to *remove* substitutions, so don't make your entry something that will trouble you later if you can't remove it! I suggest something like ‘afwrdhd’, that you'll never actually be trying to type.) | For me, this was caused by the operation of the Flycut application after establishing confirmation in its "Save forgotten items to Desktop:" menu. After deleting the confirmation, scan the text messages on the desktop. |
211,773 | I'm a heavy user of OS X's / iOS's ‘text substitutions’ or text replacements. I probably have hundreds of these.
At some point in the recent-ish past (last couple of years?), Apple silently started syncing them between devices logged into the same iCloud app; that was great, for a while.
Unfortunately, at some point, my Macbook lost *all* of my substitutions, for no apparent reason. They still existed on all my iOS devices, but now none of my completions (like ccommand or ooption or sshrug) worked on my laptop. This eventually fixed itself (again for no apparent reason) … but it's just happened *again*, immediately after purchasing and setting up a new Mac Pro.
As this is the second time, I'm starting to wonder if anyone else has seen this behaviour, or if they know how to go about fixing it without waiting on iCloud to Magically Fix Itself, as I did last time? | 2015/10/20 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/211773",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/15184/"
] | >
> After removing the folder ***com.apple.InputMethodKit.TextReplacementService*** from the depths of the *~/Library* heirarchy and restarting the computers my current list of Text Replacement shortcuts is available on two Macs that previously refused to synchronize. Both of these Macs legitimately run Sierra, but didn’t start life that way. The folder ***com.apple.InputMethodKit.TextReplacementService*** is buried somewhere inside *~/Library*. Sorry, I didn’t make note of the full path — I found it using a Finder Search.
>
>
> Update: A friend in the Ars Technica: Macintoshian Achaia forum reports that the path is ~/Library/Group Containers/com.apple.InputMethodKit.TextReplacementService
>
>
>
ᔥ [A VooDoo fix for Macintosh Text Replacement Sync - Jeff Berg - Mini'app'les](https://miniapples.org/2016/12/13/a-voodoo-fix-for-macintosh-text-replacement-sync/) | For me, this was caused by the operation of the Flycut application after establishing confirmation in its "Save forgotten items to Desktop:" menu. After deleting the confirmation, scan the text messages on the desktop. |
6,138 | I download multiple podcasts from one source, eg, five episodes of Naked Scientists. I want to listen to one only, but when the first finishes it automatically goes to the second, and third etc.
I want to listen to just one episode at a time and have the iPod Touch turn off when it is finished (this is a sleep-aid for my insomnia...I don't want it playing all night !)
A "Genius" suggested making playlists, but although you can make a podcast playlist, it does NOT sync. | 2011/01/09 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/6138",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | With iOS 4, you can make a playlist directly on your device. Go to the Music app, then Playlists, then "Add Playlist...". Type in the name for the playlist, hit Save, and you're presented with a screen to add items to the playlist. Select "Podcasts" (by default, it's found under "More") and select the item you want to play. Tap "Done".
You're all set - just select the item from the playlist and only that item will play. | You should be able to do this with a smart playlist. Set it up with the following rule:
- Name is {the podcast's name}
- Plays is 0
Limit it to 1 item, selected by least recently added.
Check the "live updating" box.
This should give you a playlist with one track - the oldest unheard episode of the podcast.
I've used a variation on this and it is able to sync to my iPhone (once I selected it to be included in the sync). |
6,138 | I download multiple podcasts from one source, eg, five episodes of Naked Scientists. I want to listen to one only, but when the first finishes it automatically goes to the second, and third etc.
I want to listen to just one episode at a time and have the iPod Touch turn off when it is finished (this is a sleep-aid for my insomnia...I don't want it playing all night !)
A "Genius" suggested making playlists, but although you can make a podcast playlist, it does NOT sync. | 2011/01/09 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/6138",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | Use the On-The-Go playlist and add the one podcast episode to it. Works from at least iOS 3 or possibly before.
You don't event need to clear the existing playlist, because adding a track will add to the end, so just start from that track and it will stop at the end (unless you have repeat on). | You should be able to do this with a smart playlist. Set it up with the following rule:
- Name is {the podcast's name}
- Plays is 0
Limit it to 1 item, selected by least recently added.
Check the "live updating" box.
This should give you a playlist with one track - the oldest unheard episode of the podcast.
I've used a variation on this and it is able to sync to my iPhone (once I selected it to be included in the sync). |
13,468,470 | I'm developing a note-taking utility and want to add a feature for voice-recording and playback in full duplex asynchronous mode.
What cross-platform c/c++ libraries/API's can I evaluate for my purpose? Google isn't much help in this case and the existing QA's on SO doesn't quite cover this. | 2012/11/20 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/13468470",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/15161/"
] | I found a solution of this problem.
I used the following tool <http://www.arabic-keyboard.org/photoshop-arabic/>
I pasted my arabic in it and copy the result then I pasted the result in my html file. The result is like this.
Although it is not 100 percent accurate but it is much better than previous one. | U can use adobe indesign for your arabic text and after paste all paragraph text to indesign , you should copy, then paste to photoshop from adobe indesign, every texts will be Okay. |
34,948 | I was recently hired in a rather famous company as a senior developer and have been working there for a bit more than 3 weeks now. Even if 3 weeks isn't a lot, I can already say this company is by far the best place I've ever worked at and not a single day has passed that wasn't better than the one before.
One of my closest friends is currently looking for another job. His profile is more QA related (so hardly similar with what I've been hired to do) and I've seen positions in my new-current company that would match perfectly his profile and goals. He is really interested.
The question is: should I recommend my friend to improve the chances he gets hired ? My main concern is that I don't want to jeopardize my career here would my friend completely mess up the interview. I was told already I was doing really good so far but I'm still on probation obviously - if that's relevant (and I believe it is).
I know for sure the guy is impassioned when it comes to work and takes it very seriously. While this is usually a good thing, I obviously can't know for sure he will do okay enough for the company (or for the interview). I didn't work with him and can't honestly speak of him as a coworker: I can only do so as a friend.
There is a bonus when you endorse someone and he gets hired. I don't know if that's relevant too and I honestly don't care about the bonus. I'm into it for my friend rather than for some money.
Is there a way for me to actually help/endorse him and to prevent any backfire in case it doesn't go well for him ? | 2014/10/14 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/34948",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/13362/"
] | >
> Is there a way for me to actually help/endorse him and to prevent any
> backfire in case it doesn't go well for him ?
>
>
>
It depends what you mean by "backfire".
If you honestly believe your friend would make a good employee at your company you should go ahead and heartily recommend him. A strong recommendation from a current employee (even a new employee) carries a lot of weight.
If you are unsure of his abilities, you could still be a referral, but indicate to the hiring manager something along the lines of that you "know of a guy, but aren't sure how good he is professionally."
Unless you are recommending an individual that you know to be a poor performer, this is unlikely to reflect badly on you. I wouldn't consider that "backfiring". | Have your friend apply and state that he is applying because you went through the interview process, started working at the company and have nothing but nice things to say about the company.
Say nice things - if you believe that they accurate - about your friends if your management asks you about him. Don't say anything more than what you know about him, and stick to what you know.
I got burned once by an employee who recommended her friend, who turned out to be a bum - She refused to take any responsibility for her recommendation. As the Romans, who were not born yesterday - ok, they were born 2000 years ago :) - used to say: "Caveat emptor" aka "Buyer beware" |
34,948 | I was recently hired in a rather famous company as a senior developer and have been working there for a bit more than 3 weeks now. Even if 3 weeks isn't a lot, I can already say this company is by far the best place I've ever worked at and not a single day has passed that wasn't better than the one before.
One of my closest friends is currently looking for another job. His profile is more QA related (so hardly similar with what I've been hired to do) and I've seen positions in my new-current company that would match perfectly his profile and goals. He is really interested.
The question is: should I recommend my friend to improve the chances he gets hired ? My main concern is that I don't want to jeopardize my career here would my friend completely mess up the interview. I was told already I was doing really good so far but I'm still on probation obviously - if that's relevant (and I believe it is).
I know for sure the guy is impassioned when it comes to work and takes it very seriously. While this is usually a good thing, I obviously can't know for sure he will do okay enough for the company (or for the interview). I didn't work with him and can't honestly speak of him as a coworker: I can only do so as a friend.
There is a bonus when you endorse someone and he gets hired. I don't know if that's relevant too and I honestly don't care about the bonus. I'm into it for my friend rather than for some money.
Is there a way for me to actually help/endorse him and to prevent any backfire in case it doesn't go well for him ? | 2014/10/14 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/34948",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/13362/"
] | >
> Is there a way for me to actually help/endorse him and to prevent any
> backfire in case it doesn't go well for him ?
>
>
>
It depends what you mean by "backfire".
If you honestly believe your friend would make a good employee at your company you should go ahead and heartily recommend him. A strong recommendation from a current employee (even a new employee) carries a lot of weight.
If you are unsure of his abilities, you could still be a referral, but indicate to the hiring manager something along the lines of that you "know of a guy, but aren't sure how good he is professionally."
Unless you are recommending an individual that you know to be a poor performer, this is unlikely to reflect badly on you. I wouldn't consider that "backfiring". | Respect in the workplace is earned capital, spend it wisely.
Frankly, if you have only been there 3 weeks, your recommendation probably won't mean much anyway since you haven't had the chance to really prove yourself. Also, if you recommend this friend, you are now linking your name to them for the journey, including if (s)he gets a job and then messes up.
If you can not evaluate him/her as a worker, do you really want to hang your name on that recommendation? The interview process will not be based on how great a friend this person is, and that is the only thing you are qualified to recommend on. |
34,948 | I was recently hired in a rather famous company as a senior developer and have been working there for a bit more than 3 weeks now. Even if 3 weeks isn't a lot, I can already say this company is by far the best place I've ever worked at and not a single day has passed that wasn't better than the one before.
One of my closest friends is currently looking for another job. His profile is more QA related (so hardly similar with what I've been hired to do) and I've seen positions in my new-current company that would match perfectly his profile and goals. He is really interested.
The question is: should I recommend my friend to improve the chances he gets hired ? My main concern is that I don't want to jeopardize my career here would my friend completely mess up the interview. I was told already I was doing really good so far but I'm still on probation obviously - if that's relevant (and I believe it is).
I know for sure the guy is impassioned when it comes to work and takes it very seriously. While this is usually a good thing, I obviously can't know for sure he will do okay enough for the company (or for the interview). I didn't work with him and can't honestly speak of him as a coworker: I can only do so as a friend.
There is a bonus when you endorse someone and he gets hired. I don't know if that's relevant too and I honestly don't care about the bonus. I'm into it for my friend rather than for some money.
Is there a way for me to actually help/endorse him and to prevent any backfire in case it doesn't go well for him ? | 2014/10/14 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/34948",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/13362/"
] | >
> Is there a way for me to actually help/endorse him and to prevent any
> backfire in case it doesn't go well for him ?
>
>
>
It depends what you mean by "backfire".
If you honestly believe your friend would make a good employee at your company you should go ahead and heartily recommend him. A strong recommendation from a current employee (even a new employee) carries a lot of weight.
If you are unsure of his abilities, you could still be a referral, but indicate to the hiring manager something along the lines of that you "know of a guy, but aren't sure how good he is professionally."
Unless you are recommending an individual that you know to be a poor performer, this is unlikely to reflect badly on you. I wouldn't consider that "backfiring". | You should not. It is too risky, and in case he will turn out to be a bad acquisition, you will not have enough credit in your current position to back you up. If this friend will get too offended, tell him, your company just not hiring new people at the moment. |
34,948 | I was recently hired in a rather famous company as a senior developer and have been working there for a bit more than 3 weeks now. Even if 3 weeks isn't a lot, I can already say this company is by far the best place I've ever worked at and not a single day has passed that wasn't better than the one before.
One of my closest friends is currently looking for another job. His profile is more QA related (so hardly similar with what I've been hired to do) and I've seen positions in my new-current company that would match perfectly his profile and goals. He is really interested.
The question is: should I recommend my friend to improve the chances he gets hired ? My main concern is that I don't want to jeopardize my career here would my friend completely mess up the interview. I was told already I was doing really good so far but I'm still on probation obviously - if that's relevant (and I believe it is).
I know for sure the guy is impassioned when it comes to work and takes it very seriously. While this is usually a good thing, I obviously can't know for sure he will do okay enough for the company (or for the interview). I didn't work with him and can't honestly speak of him as a coworker: I can only do so as a friend.
There is a bonus when you endorse someone and he gets hired. I don't know if that's relevant too and I honestly don't care about the bonus. I'm into it for my friend rather than for some money.
Is there a way for me to actually help/endorse him and to prevent any backfire in case it doesn't go well for him ? | 2014/10/14 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/34948",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/13362/"
] | >
> Is there a way for me to actually help/endorse him and to prevent any
> backfire in case it doesn't go well for him ?
>
>
>
It depends what you mean by "backfire".
If you honestly believe your friend would make a good employee at your company you should go ahead and heartily recommend him. A strong recommendation from a current employee (even a new employee) carries a lot of weight.
If you are unsure of his abilities, you could still be a referral, but indicate to the hiring manager something along the lines of that you "know of a guy, but aren't sure how good he is professionally."
Unless you are recommending an individual that you know to be a poor performer, this is unlikely to reflect badly on you. I wouldn't consider that "backfiring". | You shouldn't hesitate to recommend your friend. Whenever I refer someone for a position with my company, I do so in one of three ways. If I worked with this person in the past, I will say something to the effect of:
"I worked with xxxxx in the past, and I professionally recommend him for the position."
You can then continue on to explain some of the desirable professional qualities that you witnessed from your referral. If I never worked with this person, but I know them personally, I would say something to the effect of:
"I never worked with xxxxx in the past, but I can personally recommend him for the position."
After this, you can provide information on the soft skills that you believe make them a good choice for a position. If you've worked with someone, and your friends with them, you can recommend them on both a personal and professional level.
By qualifying your recommendation, you insulate yourself, all while helping your friend. |
34,948 | I was recently hired in a rather famous company as a senior developer and have been working there for a bit more than 3 weeks now. Even if 3 weeks isn't a lot, I can already say this company is by far the best place I've ever worked at and not a single day has passed that wasn't better than the one before.
One of my closest friends is currently looking for another job. His profile is more QA related (so hardly similar with what I've been hired to do) and I've seen positions in my new-current company that would match perfectly his profile and goals. He is really interested.
The question is: should I recommend my friend to improve the chances he gets hired ? My main concern is that I don't want to jeopardize my career here would my friend completely mess up the interview. I was told already I was doing really good so far but I'm still on probation obviously - if that's relevant (and I believe it is).
I know for sure the guy is impassioned when it comes to work and takes it very seriously. While this is usually a good thing, I obviously can't know for sure he will do okay enough for the company (or for the interview). I didn't work with him and can't honestly speak of him as a coworker: I can only do so as a friend.
There is a bonus when you endorse someone and he gets hired. I don't know if that's relevant too and I honestly don't care about the bonus. I'm into it for my friend rather than for some money.
Is there a way for me to actually help/endorse him and to prevent any backfire in case it doesn't go well for him ? | 2014/10/14 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/34948",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/13362/"
] | Have your friend apply and state that he is applying because you went through the interview process, started working at the company and have nothing but nice things to say about the company.
Say nice things - if you believe that they accurate - about your friends if your management asks you about him. Don't say anything more than what you know about him, and stick to what you know.
I got burned once by an employee who recommended her friend, who turned out to be a bum - She refused to take any responsibility for her recommendation. As the Romans, who were not born yesterday - ok, they were born 2000 years ago :) - used to say: "Caveat emptor" aka "Buyer beware" | Respect in the workplace is earned capital, spend it wisely.
Frankly, if you have only been there 3 weeks, your recommendation probably won't mean much anyway since you haven't had the chance to really prove yourself. Also, if you recommend this friend, you are now linking your name to them for the journey, including if (s)he gets a job and then messes up.
If you can not evaluate him/her as a worker, do you really want to hang your name on that recommendation? The interview process will not be based on how great a friend this person is, and that is the only thing you are qualified to recommend on. |
34,948 | I was recently hired in a rather famous company as a senior developer and have been working there for a bit more than 3 weeks now. Even if 3 weeks isn't a lot, I can already say this company is by far the best place I've ever worked at and not a single day has passed that wasn't better than the one before.
One of my closest friends is currently looking for another job. His profile is more QA related (so hardly similar with what I've been hired to do) and I've seen positions in my new-current company that would match perfectly his profile and goals. He is really interested.
The question is: should I recommend my friend to improve the chances he gets hired ? My main concern is that I don't want to jeopardize my career here would my friend completely mess up the interview. I was told already I was doing really good so far but I'm still on probation obviously - if that's relevant (and I believe it is).
I know for sure the guy is impassioned when it comes to work and takes it very seriously. While this is usually a good thing, I obviously can't know for sure he will do okay enough for the company (or for the interview). I didn't work with him and can't honestly speak of him as a coworker: I can only do so as a friend.
There is a bonus when you endorse someone and he gets hired. I don't know if that's relevant too and I honestly don't care about the bonus. I'm into it for my friend rather than for some money.
Is there a way for me to actually help/endorse him and to prevent any backfire in case it doesn't go well for him ? | 2014/10/14 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/34948",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/13362/"
] | Have your friend apply and state that he is applying because you went through the interview process, started working at the company and have nothing but nice things to say about the company.
Say nice things - if you believe that they accurate - about your friends if your management asks you about him. Don't say anything more than what you know about him, and stick to what you know.
I got burned once by an employee who recommended her friend, who turned out to be a bum - She refused to take any responsibility for her recommendation. As the Romans, who were not born yesterday - ok, they were born 2000 years ago :) - used to say: "Caveat emptor" aka "Buyer beware" | You should not. It is too risky, and in case he will turn out to be a bad acquisition, you will not have enough credit in your current position to back you up. If this friend will get too offended, tell him, your company just not hiring new people at the moment. |
34,948 | I was recently hired in a rather famous company as a senior developer and have been working there for a bit more than 3 weeks now. Even if 3 weeks isn't a lot, I can already say this company is by far the best place I've ever worked at and not a single day has passed that wasn't better than the one before.
One of my closest friends is currently looking for another job. His profile is more QA related (so hardly similar with what I've been hired to do) and I've seen positions in my new-current company that would match perfectly his profile and goals. He is really interested.
The question is: should I recommend my friend to improve the chances he gets hired ? My main concern is that I don't want to jeopardize my career here would my friend completely mess up the interview. I was told already I was doing really good so far but I'm still on probation obviously - if that's relevant (and I believe it is).
I know for sure the guy is impassioned when it comes to work and takes it very seriously. While this is usually a good thing, I obviously can't know for sure he will do okay enough for the company (or for the interview). I didn't work with him and can't honestly speak of him as a coworker: I can only do so as a friend.
There is a bonus when you endorse someone and he gets hired. I don't know if that's relevant too and I honestly don't care about the bonus. I'm into it for my friend rather than for some money.
Is there a way for me to actually help/endorse him and to prevent any backfire in case it doesn't go well for him ? | 2014/10/14 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/34948",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/13362/"
] | Have your friend apply and state that he is applying because you went through the interview process, started working at the company and have nothing but nice things to say about the company.
Say nice things - if you believe that they accurate - about your friends if your management asks you about him. Don't say anything more than what you know about him, and stick to what you know.
I got burned once by an employee who recommended her friend, who turned out to be a bum - She refused to take any responsibility for her recommendation. As the Romans, who were not born yesterday - ok, they were born 2000 years ago :) - used to say: "Caveat emptor" aka "Buyer beware" | You shouldn't hesitate to recommend your friend. Whenever I refer someone for a position with my company, I do so in one of three ways. If I worked with this person in the past, I will say something to the effect of:
"I worked with xxxxx in the past, and I professionally recommend him for the position."
You can then continue on to explain some of the desirable professional qualities that you witnessed from your referral. If I never worked with this person, but I know them personally, I would say something to the effect of:
"I never worked with xxxxx in the past, but I can personally recommend him for the position."
After this, you can provide information on the soft skills that you believe make them a good choice for a position. If you've worked with someone, and your friends with them, you can recommend them on both a personal and professional level.
By qualifying your recommendation, you insulate yourself, all while helping your friend. |
216,406 | I get that /dev/random is a good source of entropy, and is what is usually used-- It's just as I'm reading up on GC, at least in Java, it seems accepted that the garbage collection daemon executes non-deterministically. If this it true, why don't we use the timing of the garbage collection as a source of entropy instead of the variable /dev/random? | 2013/11/03 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/216406",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/48999/"
] | "Unspecified" and "random" are two entirely different concepts.
The exact workings of a garbage collector are not specified and are up to the garbage collector (usually implemented by a VM of sorts, but not necessarily).
Therefore, you have no specified (i.e. deterministic) time at which garbage will be collected.
*However* any given implementation will follow some rules and there is a high chance that two subsequent runs of the same program will have very similar garbage collection patterns.
Therefore the actual *entropy* provided by a garbage collector would be very low (and finding out *which* parts you can actually *use* as entropy will be tricky).
As a comparison: A `HashMap` in Java doesn't guarantee any order of retrieval for its members (basically because guaranteeing it would add an overhead that's not worth paying, most of the time). *However* for a *given* implementation and a *given* set of insertions/removals you can *definitely* calculate the resulting order. Just because there is no guarantee for any given order, doesn't mean that the order is random. | Firstly, we have to be careful not to fall into the trap of reasoning by manipulation of mere words. For instance, we could ask, since a NFA is a "non-deterministic finite automaton", why don't we use it to obtain random numbers? In that case, it would be because that's not what "non-deterministic" means in an NFA; in fact, when we simulate an NFA, on a given input, the behavior of the simulation is perfectly deterministic.
"Deterministic" is a loaded phrase. To a computer programmer or computer scientist, non-deterministic behavior just means "determining the exact behavior is complicated to think about", and depends on too many factors, including the program input.
However, that doesn't mean it's not deterministic to someone motivated to attack a cryptosystem. Sometimes environmental factors and inputs can be pinned down, and repeatable patterns emerge from "non-deterministic" behavior. |
74,981 | I have recently gotten interested in cryptography, so I looked some things up.
I thought, why even use AES or DES or any other complex way for encrypting data when there are far simpler ways, like just generating a random (pseudorandom) bitstream, and XOR'ing it with the data or secret message? The point is, if you have a random enough bitstream, you can just XOR the data.
Of course, you're the only one who will know the stream.
So why use all sorts of encryption if you have these simpler, easier ways of doing things? I'm new to cryptography, so this question may sound a bit naive. | 2019/10/12 | [
"https://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/74981",
"https://crypto.stackexchange.com",
"https://crypto.stackexchange.com/users/73458/"
] | **You could use a one-time pad**, which does grant confidentiality when properly employed, but then you would have **many non-trivial problems**:
1. Your message or messages would have to **be quite short** because generating letters in a truly random manner usually takes a bit of time and effort (rolling dice).
2. One-time pads only have **limited practical use**. You cannot use your OTP for the purposes of making payments with your ATM card, using WeChat, establishing a secure link to this website, etc.
3. You might need to make sure that the person you are talking to is who you think they are, and vice versa (authentication). It **isn't easy to authenticate** a one-time pad without using a modern method such as a Carter-Wegman MAC or an HMAC, etc.
4. How is the receiver going to **check the integrity** of your message? How will they know that someone else did not add something, move something around, or take something away? How will they know that a technical glitch had not altered the message during transmission?
5. **How are you going to securely share** your one-time pad?
6. **Physical security**. How are you going to keep that one-time pad safe twenty-four hours a day? How about the person you are going to talk to? How will they keep their OTP safe?
7. How are you going to **explain to someone who was watching** that you enjoy communicating like a Cold War spy?
Modern cryptography can solve all of these problems well--key exchange, authentication, integrity checks, confidentiality, encrypted storage, establishing a shared secret--and that is why we use it. | What you're describing would be a [One-Time-Pad](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-Time-Pad). The OTP would actually be perfectly secure, but the first problem is in the issue that you have to generate a bit stream using a cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator ([CSPRNG](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographically_secure_pseudorandom_number_generator)) *instead* of a usual pseudorandom number generator. But even that doesn't pose a particularly large problem. Keep also in mind that a OTP is only secure if you use it once, using a OTP with the same bit stream would be insecure.
---
So let's assume generating a random bit stream isn't a problem:
The **big** problem lies in the process of sharing the key with others. That's the real issue, because a public cryptosystem like RSA-2048 can for example only encrypt a message of size 245 bytes, [as described in this answer on securitySE](https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/33434/rsa-maximum-bytes-to-encrypt-comparison-to-aes-in-terms-of-security).
You could therefore also only generate a random bit stream for the OTP of equal size. And each time you would have to transmit a new bit stream for a new OTP, all the time until you're finished. **That's a very slow process.** At that point you could even ask: "Why am I even using a OTP anymore, I could just send the actual message using RSA instead the key!".
So generally we transmit a key for a symmetric cryptosystem like AES using something like RSA. AES has (practically) no limit of data to encrypt for it to still be secure. |
74,981 | I have recently gotten interested in cryptography, so I looked some things up.
I thought, why even use AES or DES or any other complex way for encrypting data when there are far simpler ways, like just generating a random (pseudorandom) bitstream, and XOR'ing it with the data or secret message? The point is, if you have a random enough bitstream, you can just XOR the data.
Of course, you're the only one who will know the stream.
So why use all sorts of encryption if you have these simpler, easier ways of doing things? I'm new to cryptography, so this question may sound a bit naive. | 2019/10/12 | [
"https://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/74981",
"https://crypto.stackexchange.com",
"https://crypto.stackexchange.com/users/73458/"
] | The other answers are great, but I wanted to call out an interesting feature of modern cryptography. Your question asked:
>
> I thought, why even use AES or DES or any other complex way for encrypting data when there are far simpler ways, like just generating a random (pseudorandom) bitstream, and XOR'ing it with the data or secret message?
>
>
>
In point of fact, many modern encryption schemes do exactly that. Both ChaCha20 and [AES in any counter mode](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_cipher_mode_of_operation#CTR) (CTR and GCM both come to mind) actually generate a pseudorandom bitstream (usually called a keystream) and XOR it with the input data to encipher it.
As you can see, and as [Paul's answer](https://crypto.stackexchange.com/a/74991/48353) correctly points out, this observation hasn't actually made anything particularly simpler. We've just changed the problem: the problem isn't "how to encipher data", it's now "how to generate good pseudorandom bits". It turns out that doing that well from a relatively small amount of key material is fundamentally difficult. | What you're describing would be a [One-Time-Pad](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-Time-Pad). The OTP would actually be perfectly secure, but the first problem is in the issue that you have to generate a bit stream using a cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator ([CSPRNG](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographically_secure_pseudorandom_number_generator)) *instead* of a usual pseudorandom number generator. But even that doesn't pose a particularly large problem. Keep also in mind that a OTP is only secure if you use it once, using a OTP with the same bit stream would be insecure.
---
So let's assume generating a random bit stream isn't a problem:
The **big** problem lies in the process of sharing the key with others. That's the real issue, because a public cryptosystem like RSA-2048 can for example only encrypt a message of size 245 bytes, [as described in this answer on securitySE](https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/33434/rsa-maximum-bytes-to-encrypt-comparison-to-aes-in-terms-of-security).
You could therefore also only generate a random bit stream for the OTP of equal size. And each time you would have to transmit a new bit stream for a new OTP, all the time until you're finished. **That's a very slow process.** At that point you could even ask: "Why am I even using a OTP anymore, I could just send the actual message using RSA instead the key!".
So generally we transmit a key for a symmetric cryptosystem like AES using something like RSA. AES has (practically) no limit of data to encrypt for it to still be secure. |
74,981 | I have recently gotten interested in cryptography, so I looked some things up.
I thought, why even use AES or DES or any other complex way for encrypting data when there are far simpler ways, like just generating a random (pseudorandom) bitstream, and XOR'ing it with the data or secret message? The point is, if you have a random enough bitstream, you can just XOR the data.
Of course, you're the only one who will know the stream.
So why use all sorts of encryption if you have these simpler, easier ways of doing things? I'm new to cryptography, so this question may sound a bit naive. | 2019/10/12 | [
"https://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/74981",
"https://crypto.stackexchange.com",
"https://crypto.stackexchange.com/users/73458/"
] | The other answers are great, but I wanted to call out an interesting feature of modern cryptography. Your question asked:
>
> I thought, why even use AES or DES or any other complex way for encrypting data when there are far simpler ways, like just generating a random (pseudorandom) bitstream, and XOR'ing it with the data or secret message?
>
>
>
In point of fact, many modern encryption schemes do exactly that. Both ChaCha20 and [AES in any counter mode](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_cipher_mode_of_operation#CTR) (CTR and GCM both come to mind) actually generate a pseudorandom bitstream (usually called a keystream) and XOR it with the input data to encipher it.
As you can see, and as [Paul's answer](https://crypto.stackexchange.com/a/74991/48353) correctly points out, this observation hasn't actually made anything particularly simpler. We've just changed the problem: the problem isn't "how to encipher data", it's now "how to generate good pseudorandom bits". It turns out that doing that well from a relatively small amount of key material is fundamentally difficult. | **You could use a one-time pad**, which does grant confidentiality when properly employed, but then you would have **many non-trivial problems**:
1. Your message or messages would have to **be quite short** because generating letters in a truly random manner usually takes a bit of time and effort (rolling dice).
2. One-time pads only have **limited practical use**. You cannot use your OTP for the purposes of making payments with your ATM card, using WeChat, establishing a secure link to this website, etc.
3. You might need to make sure that the person you are talking to is who you think they are, and vice versa (authentication). It **isn't easy to authenticate** a one-time pad without using a modern method such as a Carter-Wegman MAC or an HMAC, etc.
4. How is the receiver going to **check the integrity** of your message? How will they know that someone else did not add something, move something around, or take something away? How will they know that a technical glitch had not altered the message during transmission?
5. **How are you going to securely share** your one-time pad?
6. **Physical security**. How are you going to keep that one-time pad safe twenty-four hours a day? How about the person you are going to talk to? How will they keep their OTP safe?
7. How are you going to **explain to someone who was watching** that you enjoy communicating like a Cold War spy?
Modern cryptography can solve all of these problems well--key exchange, authentication, integrity checks, confidentiality, encrypted storage, establishing a shared secret--and that is why we use it. |
41,642 | Is my gear and some application capable enough to photograph the Aurora Borealis?
My gear:
* iPhone4S
* [olloclip 3-in-1 lens](http://www.olloclip.com/product/) (macro, wide-angle and fisheye lens)
* [LightTrac](https://itunes.apple.com/th/app/lighttrac/id392892355?mt=8) Apps
* Instagram Apps
I have heard many suggestions try to use compact camera at least, which shoot while holding shutter for few second for taking the northern lights. So, my question
1. Am I able to take the Aurora Borealis with the given gear?
2. Any suggestions? Additional gear, application or rather to get new camera? | 2013/08/10 | [
"https://photo.stackexchange.com/questions/41642",
"https://photo.stackexchange.com",
"https://photo.stackexchange.com/users/20807/"
] | You need to be at the perfect latitude(65-72deg), on a crisp, cold, clear, and cloudless night, with zero light pollution, and a huge amount of luck. Even then you are pushing it with equipment like that.
See the Auroa-Borealis tag here for much more info - <https://photo.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/aurora-borealis> | I wrote the app, Northern Lights Photo Taker (<https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/northern-lights-photo-taker/id979540312?mt=8>), in lieu of threads like these :-)
The app will try its best to capture the northern lights for you based on how dim they are.
I hope this helps!
[edit - whoops! Sorry,I've failed to address why this is more convenient as mentioned in the comments below]
This app leverages the manual controls of the iDevice, which subsequently, allows you to tweak the ISO, temperatures, focus mode, and shutter speed.
Yes, there are other apps out there that allow you manually control these settings, but this app accounts for all the variables mentioned above, configured just for taking the northern lights.
I read up on a lot of articles and watched a lot of videos on how to have the best chances & techniques of taking pictures of the northern lights and translated them into a simple app.
Here are some of the tips and tricks:
"There are a few preset settings already set for you! Choose the one that makes the most sense when you see the lights.
Use the 'Weak' settings when the lights are feint; use 'Strong' when the lights are bright.
Use 'Custom' settings when you want to play around with the settings.
Shutter - The time for light to be exposed to the camera's sensor. Longer speeds may blur the lights as they move across the sky.
ISO - Camera sensitivity to light. Try somewhere between 100-400.
Expose - Long exposure time, in seconds.
Other helpful tips for great photos:
* Use a tripod if you can or keep your hand as steady as possible when taking the picture, especially during a long exposure picture.
* Darker the better, but does not have to be complete darkness.
Have fun, good luck, and enjoy the moment!" |
41,642 | Is my gear and some application capable enough to photograph the Aurora Borealis?
My gear:
* iPhone4S
* [olloclip 3-in-1 lens](http://www.olloclip.com/product/) (macro, wide-angle and fisheye lens)
* [LightTrac](https://itunes.apple.com/th/app/lighttrac/id392892355?mt=8) Apps
* Instagram Apps
I have heard many suggestions try to use compact camera at least, which shoot while holding shutter for few second for taking the northern lights. So, my question
1. Am I able to take the Aurora Borealis with the given gear?
2. Any suggestions? Additional gear, application or rather to get new camera? | 2013/08/10 | [
"https://photo.stackexchange.com/questions/41642",
"https://photo.stackexchange.com",
"https://photo.stackexchange.com/users/20807/"
] | **1) Yes,** I believe you can capture at least something with your smartphone.
There seems to be **slow shutter speed apps** for iPhone, I just googled a couple and those offer max 15 second shutter speed plus Bulb mode. You will need one of this kind of apps to have long exposure on Aurora Borealis.
To keep your camera still during the long exposure you'll need **a tripod** with a iPhone suitable head, something like a clamp or a car phone holder.
That's what is needed, if it ever is possible to capture the Northern Lights with an iPhone. Whatever you'll catch with it, you will need some post processing on the photo. That you would best do with a real computer program, but I guess there are nice **photo editing apps** for iPhone too.
**2) No,** although you might capture something with colors in the night sky with an iPhone, it would be so much better with a real camera. | I wrote the app, Northern Lights Photo Taker (<https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/northern-lights-photo-taker/id979540312?mt=8>), in lieu of threads like these :-)
The app will try its best to capture the northern lights for you based on how dim they are.
I hope this helps!
[edit - whoops! Sorry,I've failed to address why this is more convenient as mentioned in the comments below]
This app leverages the manual controls of the iDevice, which subsequently, allows you to tweak the ISO, temperatures, focus mode, and shutter speed.
Yes, there are other apps out there that allow you manually control these settings, but this app accounts for all the variables mentioned above, configured just for taking the northern lights.
I read up on a lot of articles and watched a lot of videos on how to have the best chances & techniques of taking pictures of the northern lights and translated them into a simple app.
Here are some of the tips and tricks:
"There are a few preset settings already set for you! Choose the one that makes the most sense when you see the lights.
Use the 'Weak' settings when the lights are feint; use 'Strong' when the lights are bright.
Use 'Custom' settings when you want to play around with the settings.
Shutter - The time for light to be exposed to the camera's sensor. Longer speeds may blur the lights as they move across the sky.
ISO - Camera sensitivity to light. Try somewhere between 100-400.
Expose - Long exposure time, in seconds.
Other helpful tips for great photos:
* Use a tripod if you can or keep your hand as steady as possible when taking the picture, especially during a long exposure picture.
* Darker the better, but does not have to be complete darkness.
Have fun, good luck, and enjoy the moment!" |
8,431,732 | I'm wondering if someone has experience with parallel executions of Maven builds. I know there is a option in Jenkins to use local repository for Maven builds and I also found this issue from 2007 <http://jira.codehaus.org/browse/MNG-2802> .
Is there any way to hook into Maven downloads to do basic filesystem locking? Or is it possible to completely replace it with something (what?) different?
Thank you.
I'm surprised that in year 2011 such famous tool doesn't consider possibility of parallel executions. | 2011/12/08 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/8431732",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/214720/"
] | On my CI server, I configure each project to have it's own local repository. Additionally I schedule a periodic job to purge these files. Why?
My reasoning is that I want to isolate each project from each other and encourage a regular "clean" build from my Nexus-based Maven repository.
Doesn't address your valid concerns, but might perhaps explain why I don't consider it much of an issue. | In practice this mostly matters if you are building two projects that consume artifacts the other produces (a downstream project), or produce the same artifacts (building a different configuration). In those cases, you might consider blocking the downstream build until the first is finished or pipelining the configuration builds anyway so that it can pick up the in progress build.
While the locking would be helpful to avoid errors caused by modified JAR files, locking for the context of an entire build is better done within the CI system.
There are good reasons to separate the local repositories anyway as Mark points out, and Maven could support this better by having a shared cache of releases but a per-project cache of snapshots - but for now having separate local repositories is the best way to go for that. |
41,495 | 3.04 An a priori true thought would be one whose possibility guarenteed its truth.
Note: I am asking about the earlier Wittgenstein and not his post-Tractatus philosophy.
It is clear to me why this is not an a priori true *fact*, as the act of thinking would be an aspect of the world being appealed to. But I don't understand why it is not an a priori true *thought*. | 2017/03/15 | [
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/41495",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/users/26010/"
] | The thing is, that for the early Wittgenstein the Cogito Ergo Sum was just [not true](http://www.kfs.org/jonathan/witt/t563en.html). So the Cogito could not be true *a priori* for him.
Like David Hume, Wittgenstein believed that the Cartesian Ego, the thinking subject, was nowhere to be found.
>
> 5.631 **There is no such thing as the subject that thinks or entertains ideas**. If I wrote a book called The World as l found it , I should have to include a report on my body, and should have to say which parts were subordinate to my will, and which were not, etc., this being a method of isolating the subject, or rather of showing that in an important sense there is no subject; for it alone could not be mentioned in that book.
>
>
>
The self exists only as an external "limit" of the linguistically constructed world. (Perhaps akin to Kant's Transcendental Subject)
>
> 5.632 The subject does not belong to the world: rather, it is a limit of the world.
>
>
>
And again
>
> 5.641... **The philosophical self is not the human being, not the human body, or the human soul**, with which psychology deals, but rather the metaphysical subject, the limit of the world — not a part of it.
>
>
> | It seems to me that there is no place for *a priori* knowledge in the [Tractatus](https://people.umass.edu/klement/tlp/tlp.pdf) (quoting from Pears/McGuinness translation).
Some basic concepts are : form, possibility, picture.
>
> **3** A logical picture of facts is a thought.
>
>
>
Here I read "thought" in a Fregean way, as "thought content" (and not as an act of the mind).
A picture can represent reality in virtue of its (logical or pictorial) form (**2.17**).
>
> **2.11** A picture presents a situation in logical space, the existence and non-existence of states of affairs [see also **2.202**].
>
>
>
Thus, we have thoughts that "represent" possible situations [their *sense*; see **2.221**] and *true* thoughts that represent "actual" situations: *facts* (**2.222** and **3.01**).
>
> **2.225** There are no pictures that are true a priori.
>
>
>
Now for
>
> **3.04** If a thought were correct a priori, it would be a thought whose possibility ensured its truth.
>
>
>
This is reminiscent of the well-known [ontological arguments](https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ontological-arguments/): a *concept* (or *thought*) that "analytically" entails the existence of an object that falls under the concept; whose possibility implies its actuality.
>
> **3.05** A priori knowledge that a thought was true would be possible only if its truth were recognizable from the thought itself (without anything to compare it with).
>
>
>
Thus, it seems that there are no *a priori* truth.
>
> **5.133** All deductions are made a priori.
>
>
>
This fits with the "tautological" nature of logic: logic "transform" but not "produce" truth and knowledge [see also: **5.4731** What makes logic a priori is the impossibility of illogical thought.]
And:
>
> **5.134** One elementary proposition cannot be deduced from another.
>
>
>
I.e. there is no knowledge by "logic alone" of the contingent facts of the world. See also :
>
> **5.557** The application of logic decides what elementary propositions
> there are. [...]
>
>
> **5.5571** If I cannot say a priori what elementary propositions there are, then the attempt to do so must lead to obvious nonsense.
>
>
>
Now for the *cogito*: in Descartes it is not a *deduction* but an *intuition*. If so, it must be modelled in Tractarian's philosophy as an *elementary proposition*, that cannot be deduced from another.
If it is true, it is so by way of its picturing a *fact*.
But a picture is always contingent: there are no a priori pictures.
Thus, it can be (at most) the "empirical" recognition of a contingent fact. |
2,067 | This site is beginning to be plagued with questions that have useless titles such as:
* Name this movie.
* Help! I need this movie title.
* I don't remember the title of this movie.
* who is this actor
* I forgot the name of this movie.
* ID this movie.
Etc.
These are terrible titles as they offer no way to distinguish between them. They also offer no clue as to what might be in the actual question to see if it's even something I could answer if I wanted to.
I've been trying to update these as I see them to make them a bit more descriptive, but that seems like a losing battle.
Alternatively, I've been downvoting and leaving a comment "please provide a more descriptive title" but I'm not sure if that's working either.
Have we as a group figured out a way to handle this yet? Suggestions?
One thought I had would be to perhaps try and enforce a format for these question titles. Maybe something like:
ID this [decade] [genre] movie featuring [some unique identifier]?
Example "ID this 80's sci-fi movie featuring a space ship that can turn invisible?" | 2015/12/29 | [
"https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2067",
"https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com/users/756/"
] | Why not just pick some salient points from the question and recast the title? The powers-that-be gave you an edit button precisely so you could make edits. In the time it takes to write a comment asking the OP to write a better title, you could have written a better title for them.
["**Help! What is that movie from the 2000's!**"](https://movies.stackexchange.com/questions/45543/help-what-is-that-movie-from-the-2000s) can easily become "**Comedy Movie where clique-girl character is upset about being called Megan**" | I suggested updating the help center advice in my question, [Instructions for Identify-This-X questions should include title advice](https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/1491/instructions-for-identify-this-x-questions-should-include-title-advice) a year ago. The help center was updated, but I don't think it helped.
The best thing to do is to edit as many as you can. Perhaps take a small vow not to answer the ones with bad titles until you or someone else has edited? |
2,067 | This site is beginning to be plagued with questions that have useless titles such as:
* Name this movie.
* Help! I need this movie title.
* I don't remember the title of this movie.
* who is this actor
* I forgot the name of this movie.
* ID this movie.
Etc.
These are terrible titles as they offer no way to distinguish between them. They also offer no clue as to what might be in the actual question to see if it's even something I could answer if I wanted to.
I've been trying to update these as I see them to make them a bit more descriptive, but that seems like a losing battle.
Alternatively, I've been downvoting and leaving a comment "please provide a more descriptive title" but I'm not sure if that's working either.
Have we as a group figured out a way to handle this yet? Suggestions?
One thought I had would be to perhaps try and enforce a format for these question titles. Maybe something like:
ID this [decade] [genre] movie featuring [some unique identifier]?
Example "ID this 80's sci-fi movie featuring a space ship that can turn invisible?" | 2015/12/29 | [
"https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2067",
"https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com/users/756/"
] | Why not just pick some salient points from the question and recast the title? The powers-that-be gave you an edit button precisely so you could make edits. In the time it takes to write a comment asking the OP to write a better title, you could have written a better title for them.
["**Help! What is that movie from the 2000's!**"](https://movies.stackexchange.com/questions/45543/help-what-is-that-movie-from-the-2000s) can easily become "**Comedy Movie where clique-girl character is upset about being called Megan**" | I suggest to update the page where the person posts his/her question to automatically detect if the title is too generic and poor quality, and provide examples or suggestions so that the question could never be asked with a poor title.[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/xIYrd.png) |
2,067 | This site is beginning to be plagued with questions that have useless titles such as:
* Name this movie.
* Help! I need this movie title.
* I don't remember the title of this movie.
* who is this actor
* I forgot the name of this movie.
* ID this movie.
Etc.
These are terrible titles as they offer no way to distinguish between them. They also offer no clue as to what might be in the actual question to see if it's even something I could answer if I wanted to.
I've been trying to update these as I see them to make them a bit more descriptive, but that seems like a losing battle.
Alternatively, I've been downvoting and leaving a comment "please provide a more descriptive title" but I'm not sure if that's working either.
Have we as a group figured out a way to handle this yet? Suggestions?
One thought I had would be to perhaps try and enforce a format for these question titles. Maybe something like:
ID this [decade] [genre] movie featuring [some unique identifier]?
Example "ID this 80's sci-fi movie featuring a space ship that can turn invisible?" | 2015/12/29 | [
"https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2067",
"https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com/users/756/"
] | Why not just pick some salient points from the question and recast the title? The powers-that-be gave you an edit button precisely so you could make edits. In the time it takes to write a comment asking the OP to write a better title, you could have written a better title for them.
["**Help! What is that movie from the 2000's!**"](https://movies.stackexchange.com/questions/45543/help-what-is-that-movie-from-the-2000s) can easily become "**Comedy Movie where clique-girl character is upset about being called Megan**" | [Skeptics.SE](http://skeptics.stackexchange.com) uses a blacklist for question titles. [They've banned the words *really* and *actually*](https://skeptics.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2810/16121) from their titles. The question cannot be submitted as long as the blacklisted words appear in the title.
Perhaps we can do the same, but for different words or phrases (banning *help me* from titles seems like a step in the right direction). The blacklist mechanism allows for an explanation to be shown to the hapless user. |
2,067 | This site is beginning to be plagued with questions that have useless titles such as:
* Name this movie.
* Help! I need this movie title.
* I don't remember the title of this movie.
* who is this actor
* I forgot the name of this movie.
* ID this movie.
Etc.
These are terrible titles as they offer no way to distinguish between them. They also offer no clue as to what might be in the actual question to see if it's even something I could answer if I wanted to.
I've been trying to update these as I see them to make them a bit more descriptive, but that seems like a losing battle.
Alternatively, I've been downvoting and leaving a comment "please provide a more descriptive title" but I'm not sure if that's working either.
Have we as a group figured out a way to handle this yet? Suggestions?
One thought I had would be to perhaps try and enforce a format for these question titles. Maybe something like:
ID this [decade] [genre] movie featuring [some unique identifier]?
Example "ID this 80's sci-fi movie featuring a space ship that can turn invisible?" | 2015/12/29 | [
"https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2067",
"https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com/users/756/"
] | I suggested updating the help center advice in my question, [Instructions for Identify-This-X questions should include title advice](https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/1491/instructions-for-identify-this-x-questions-should-include-title-advice) a year ago. The help center was updated, but I don't think it helped.
The best thing to do is to edit as many as you can. Perhaps take a small vow not to answer the ones with bad titles until you or someone else has edited? | I suggest to update the page where the person posts his/her question to automatically detect if the title is too generic and poor quality, and provide examples or suggestions so that the question could never be asked with a poor title.[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/xIYrd.png) |
2,067 | This site is beginning to be plagued with questions that have useless titles such as:
* Name this movie.
* Help! I need this movie title.
* I don't remember the title of this movie.
* who is this actor
* I forgot the name of this movie.
* ID this movie.
Etc.
These are terrible titles as they offer no way to distinguish between them. They also offer no clue as to what might be in the actual question to see if it's even something I could answer if I wanted to.
I've been trying to update these as I see them to make them a bit more descriptive, but that seems like a losing battle.
Alternatively, I've been downvoting and leaving a comment "please provide a more descriptive title" but I'm not sure if that's working either.
Have we as a group figured out a way to handle this yet? Suggestions?
One thought I had would be to perhaps try and enforce a format for these question titles. Maybe something like:
ID this [decade] [genre] movie featuring [some unique identifier]?
Example "ID this 80's sci-fi movie featuring a space ship that can turn invisible?" | 2015/12/29 | [
"https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2067",
"https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com/users/756/"
] | I suggested updating the help center advice in my question, [Instructions for Identify-This-X questions should include title advice](https://movies.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/1491/instructions-for-identify-this-x-questions-should-include-title-advice) a year ago. The help center was updated, but I don't think it helped.
The best thing to do is to edit as many as you can. Perhaps take a small vow not to answer the ones with bad titles until you or someone else has edited? | [Skeptics.SE](http://skeptics.stackexchange.com) uses a blacklist for question titles. [They've banned the words *really* and *actually*](https://skeptics.meta.stackexchange.com/a/2810/16121) from their titles. The question cannot be submitted as long as the blacklisted words appear in the title.
Perhaps we can do the same, but for different words or phrases (banning *help me* from titles seems like a step in the right direction). The blacklist mechanism allows for an explanation to be shown to the hapless user. |
53,342 | Are there any statistics that indicate how many users an Android app has based on the number of reviews for it? Are there other ways to tell how many users are using an app? | 2013/09/16 | [
"https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/53342",
"https://android.stackexchange.com",
"https://android.stackexchange.com/users/41536/"
] | On [AppBrain](http://www.appbrain.com/), you can find the number of installs right at the beginning of the page for the app:
On [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps), you will have to scroll a little further down, as with the relaunch the summary has moved to a less ideal position:
It's just a raw number of installs done via *Google Play*, and does not include other sources (such as *AndroidPIT*, *Pdassi*, or *Amazon*). I don't know how is dealt with users who installed an app and later uninstalled it, but that number should at least give you a raw idea. | I use many services for tracking the data related to my apps, for example: How many current active users and much more.
For checking the performance of a **specific app**:
If you want to track from your android phone you can use apps like this:
[App Stats for Android (beta)](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.appstats.android&hl=en) ([Phandroid review](http://phandroid.com/2013/05/30/app-stats-for-android-beta/)).
And a very great performance online monitoring tool is **[New Relic](http://newrelic.com/)**. It can help you track down the realtime data just by including their small SDK in your app (if you are a developer). |
1,077,713 | In the process of setting up DNS for my own website I got curious about looking up a large company's DNS record. I chose facebook.com and used dnschecker.org to view their dns record.
Ignoring AAAA records because the majority of people still use IPv4, I only get back 2 addresses:
31.13.71.36 and
157.240.26.35
Maybe I'm missing some technology here but each static IP can only be assigned to a single NIC at any given time. That would mean facebook is handling all IPv4 ingress and egress from their data centers through only two (very fast) machines. There's no way.
What am I missing here? | 2021/09/16 | [
"https://serverfault.com/questions/1077713",
"https://serverfault.com",
"https://serverfault.com/users/835840/"
] | When you query a DNS server, especially for something like an `A` record, you don't get a complete picture of all of the set up of a site. You only get enough to satisfy your request and connect to the intended target.
It use to be possible to do additional queries and get full listings, but for security reasons, this has been disabled and deprecated for a long time.
Even before security measures reduced the amount of information you could scrape out of DNS, sites were using dynamic dns techniques to implement load balancing. Basically, when your host queries an A record for facebook, it gets one or a few answers out a large list of unknown size. Your system may cache that result, so subsequent queries give the same answer, although the source DNS server can set a timeout on that (the timeout was around 300 seconds when I checked).
So basically, when you query facebook.com, you get a random answer out of a list, and that answer could change (possibly every 300 seconds). Facebook's DNS servers could easily give a completely different answer to each client that queried them, and could even try to detect your network location to tweak the answer to give a server close to you on the network. As mentioned in the other answer, this is exactly the sort of thing that a CDN is designed to do. | Because those IPs don't belong to a server, they point to Facebooks CDN 'Content Delivery Network'
Maybe someone else might have some knowledge on their setup but my DNS servers are reporting different IPs to you, so I dare say there are thousands that are dynamically changing all the time. |
745,666 | Not sure if this counts as programming related, it's a tool that I use.
I've got [Multiple IE](http://tredosoft.com/Multiple_IE) installed so I can test the sites I make on IE6 for those people who require it, but recently IE6 is not letting me enter into any textboxes, they're acting as if they're all disabled.
Has anyone else encountered this probelem and/or know of a solution. I've already tried uninstalling & re-installing multiple ie. | 2009/04/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/745666",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/2975/"
] | I have used Multipe IE for my testing but lately I am trying out [SuperPreview](http://www.webdesignerdepot.com/2009/03/microsoft-announces-superpreview-for-ie-browser-testing/).
SuperPreview is a new free standalone application from Microsoft (still in beta) which enables you to see how your websites will look across different versions of Internet Explorer making migration from IE6 to 7 and 8 much easier than before, without have to start up a Virtual Machine to run IE6, or have a separate computer dedicated to running IE6. | Yeah, this is just one of the weird little behavioural/scripting weirdnesses that affects multiple-IE setups.
Sadly the virtual machine method is the only reliable way to test web browser interaction (as opposed to just rendering) across different versions of IE. (Thanks for integrating that one into the OS Microsoft. Yay.)
Still, it's a good excuse to tell your boss to justify a more powerful workstation, eh... |
745,666 | Not sure if this counts as programming related, it's a tool that I use.
I've got [Multiple IE](http://tredosoft.com/Multiple_IE) installed so I can test the sites I make on IE6 for those people who require it, but recently IE6 is not letting me enter into any textboxes, they're acting as if they're all disabled.
Has anyone else encountered this probelem and/or know of a solution. I've already tried uninstalling & re-installing multiple ie. | 2009/04/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/745666",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/2975/"
] | Discovered in the comments on the tredosoft site that installing [IE8 breaks textbox & textareas](http://tredosoft.com/Multiple_IE?page=6) in the Multiple IE browser. I uninstalled IE8 & it's fixed the problem. | I have used Multipe IE for my testing but lately I am trying out [SuperPreview](http://www.webdesignerdepot.com/2009/03/microsoft-announces-superpreview-for-ie-browser-testing/).
SuperPreview is a new free standalone application from Microsoft (still in beta) which enables you to see how your websites will look across different versions of Internet Explorer making migration from IE6 to 7 and 8 much easier than before, without have to start up a Virtual Machine to run IE6, or have a separate computer dedicated to running IE6. |
745,666 | Not sure if this counts as programming related, it's a tool that I use.
I've got [Multiple IE](http://tredosoft.com/Multiple_IE) installed so I can test the sites I make on IE6 for those people who require it, but recently IE6 is not letting me enter into any textboxes, they're acting as if they're all disabled.
Has anyone else encountered this probelem and/or know of a solution. I've already tried uninstalling & re-installing multiple ie. | 2009/04/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/745666",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/2975/"
] | I have used Multipe IE for my testing but lately I am trying out [SuperPreview](http://www.webdesignerdepot.com/2009/03/microsoft-announces-superpreview-for-ie-browser-testing/).
SuperPreview is a new free standalone application from Microsoft (still in beta) which enables you to see how your websites will look across different versions of Internet Explorer making migration from IE6 to 7 and 8 much easier than before, without have to start up a Virtual Machine to run IE6, or have a separate computer dedicated to running IE6. | Use the app compat VHD's that Microsoft makes available for free. Virtual PC is free too.
<http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=21EABB90-958F-4B64-B5F1-73D0A413C8EF&displaylang=en>
You can't take a random subset of system dlls and host them side-by-side and expect things to work. It's like expecting the engine from a 1982 Corvette to work in a 2005 Audi S4. |
745,666 | Not sure if this counts as programming related, it's a tool that I use.
I've got [Multiple IE](http://tredosoft.com/Multiple_IE) installed so I can test the sites I make on IE6 for those people who require it, but recently IE6 is not letting me enter into any textboxes, they're acting as if they're all disabled.
Has anyone else encountered this probelem and/or know of a solution. I've already tried uninstalling & re-installing multiple ie. | 2009/04/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/745666",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/2975/"
] | I have used Multipe IE for my testing but lately I am trying out [SuperPreview](http://www.webdesignerdepot.com/2009/03/microsoft-announces-superpreview-for-ie-browser-testing/).
SuperPreview is a new free standalone application from Microsoft (still in beta) which enables you to see how your websites will look across different versions of Internet Explorer making migration from IE6 to 7 and 8 much easier than before, without have to start up a Virtual Machine to run IE6, or have a separate computer dedicated to running IE6. | I just installed [IE Collection](http://finalbuilds.edskes.net/iecollection.htm) and so far it works much better than Multiple IE for me. I still had to uninstall IE8 to get form inputs to work, but it comes with a standalone version so I can still use 8 for testing.
It has a crapload of versions too (much more than Multiple IE). If you're looking for some old-school fun, fire up 1.5 and visit just about any site ever. |
745,666 | Not sure if this counts as programming related, it's a tool that I use.
I've got [Multiple IE](http://tredosoft.com/Multiple_IE) installed so I can test the sites I make on IE6 for those people who require it, but recently IE6 is not letting me enter into any textboxes, they're acting as if they're all disabled.
Has anyone else encountered this probelem and/or know of a solution. I've already tried uninstalling & re-installing multiple ie. | 2009/04/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/745666",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/2975/"
] | Discovered in the comments on the tredosoft site that installing [IE8 breaks textbox & textareas](http://tredosoft.com/Multiple_IE?page=6) in the Multiple IE browser. I uninstalled IE8 & it's fixed the problem. | Yeah, this is just one of the weird little behavioural/scripting weirdnesses that affects multiple-IE setups.
Sadly the virtual machine method is the only reliable way to test web browser interaction (as opposed to just rendering) across different versions of IE. (Thanks for integrating that one into the OS Microsoft. Yay.)
Still, it's a good excuse to tell your boss to justify a more powerful workstation, eh... |
745,666 | Not sure if this counts as programming related, it's a tool that I use.
I've got [Multiple IE](http://tredosoft.com/Multiple_IE) installed so I can test the sites I make on IE6 for those people who require it, but recently IE6 is not letting me enter into any textboxes, they're acting as if they're all disabled.
Has anyone else encountered this probelem and/or know of a solution. I've already tried uninstalling & re-installing multiple ie. | 2009/04/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/745666",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/2975/"
] | Use the app compat VHD's that Microsoft makes available for free. Virtual PC is free too.
<http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=21EABB90-958F-4B64-B5F1-73D0A413C8EF&displaylang=en>
You can't take a random subset of system dlls and host them side-by-side and expect things to work. It's like expecting the engine from a 1982 Corvette to work in a 2005 Audi S4. | Yeah, this is just one of the weird little behavioural/scripting weirdnesses that affects multiple-IE setups.
Sadly the virtual machine method is the only reliable way to test web browser interaction (as opposed to just rendering) across different versions of IE. (Thanks for integrating that one into the OS Microsoft. Yay.)
Still, it's a good excuse to tell your boss to justify a more powerful workstation, eh... |
745,666 | Not sure if this counts as programming related, it's a tool that I use.
I've got [Multiple IE](http://tredosoft.com/Multiple_IE) installed so I can test the sites I make on IE6 for those people who require it, but recently IE6 is not letting me enter into any textboxes, they're acting as if they're all disabled.
Has anyone else encountered this probelem and/or know of a solution. I've already tried uninstalling & re-installing multiple ie. | 2009/04/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/745666",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/2975/"
] | Discovered in the comments on the tredosoft site that installing [IE8 breaks textbox & textareas](http://tredosoft.com/Multiple_IE?page=6) in the Multiple IE browser. I uninstalled IE8 & it's fixed the problem. | Use the app compat VHD's that Microsoft makes available for free. Virtual PC is free too.
<http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=21EABB90-958F-4B64-B5F1-73D0A413C8EF&displaylang=en>
You can't take a random subset of system dlls and host them side-by-side and expect things to work. It's like expecting the engine from a 1982 Corvette to work in a 2005 Audi S4. |
745,666 | Not sure if this counts as programming related, it's a tool that I use.
I've got [Multiple IE](http://tredosoft.com/Multiple_IE) installed so I can test the sites I make on IE6 for those people who require it, but recently IE6 is not letting me enter into any textboxes, they're acting as if they're all disabled.
Has anyone else encountered this probelem and/or know of a solution. I've already tried uninstalling & re-installing multiple ie. | 2009/04/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/745666",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/2975/"
] | Discovered in the comments on the tredosoft site that installing [IE8 breaks textbox & textareas](http://tredosoft.com/Multiple_IE?page=6) in the Multiple IE browser. I uninstalled IE8 & it's fixed the problem. | I just installed [IE Collection](http://finalbuilds.edskes.net/iecollection.htm) and so far it works much better than Multiple IE for me. I still had to uninstall IE8 to get form inputs to work, but it comes with a standalone version so I can still use 8 for testing.
It has a crapload of versions too (much more than Multiple IE). If you're looking for some old-school fun, fire up 1.5 and visit just about any site ever. |
745,666 | Not sure if this counts as programming related, it's a tool that I use.
I've got [Multiple IE](http://tredosoft.com/Multiple_IE) installed so I can test the sites I make on IE6 for those people who require it, but recently IE6 is not letting me enter into any textboxes, they're acting as if they're all disabled.
Has anyone else encountered this probelem and/or know of a solution. I've already tried uninstalling & re-installing multiple ie. | 2009/04/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/745666",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/2975/"
] | Use the app compat VHD's that Microsoft makes available for free. Virtual PC is free too.
<http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=21EABB90-958F-4B64-B5F1-73D0A413C8EF&displaylang=en>
You can't take a random subset of system dlls and host them side-by-side and expect things to work. It's like expecting the engine from a 1982 Corvette to work in a 2005 Audi S4. | I just installed [IE Collection](http://finalbuilds.edskes.net/iecollection.htm) and so far it works much better than Multiple IE for me. I still had to uninstall IE8 to get form inputs to work, but it comes with a standalone version so I can still use 8 for testing.
It has a crapload of versions too (much more than Multiple IE). If you're looking for some old-school fun, fire up 1.5 and visit just about any site ever. |
35,007,895 | I have a table called BigData on SQL Server. BigData is modified by an app continuously and can't be taken offline even for a second. Another requirement is that the table can't be locked exclusively by some other process other than the app accessing it. The question is; how can I change one of the columns of BigData from Bigint to int? any suggestions? | 2016/01/26 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/35007895",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/5287943/"
] | I also recently had a question very similar to this during a PayPal interview. This situation is common with a bank or e-commerce company which has a live database which is constantly in use.
The answer I gave was to:
1. Create a new table based on the `BigData` table which looks identical except that the column has the new type.
2. Create a trigger which will fire every time an update or insert is made to the old table. The trigger will update/insert appropriately to the new table
3. Start copying all records from the old table to the new table which are older than the time the trigger goes live. This step will be overlapping as the trigger covers the new records.
4. Once all the old records have successfully been copied to the new table, we can expect that the new table now has all legacy records, plus any new records which were inserted/updated since we started the migration process.
After doing this, the new and old tables should have identical content, and both should be in sync with the running application. Now, the old table can be dropped, and the new table can be renamed to the old one. It may be necessary for a brief outage (say a few minutes) to achieve this, but this should be acceptable. | A solution to avoid locking issues during a possibly long running processes of copying old data is to do it batches with delays in between each batch to allow other normal usage processes to lock the table in the delay between each batch. As @TimBiegeleisen also mentioned this could be simple if there's an identity column which is also primary key since then we can calculate the offset to which rows to copy from the old table and also we could split up the batches more efficiently based on the order of the identity. It's still a doable approach even without identity, at least if there's a primary key. |
44,279 | For someone who wants to stay anonymous and probably terrorize the skies, what protective measures do we have?
Without even thinking too deep, I can imaging the following scenarios for someone who's in a mood to mess around.
1. Flying in a busy airspace, calling to "Cancel IFR" for someone else.
2. Abusing recklessly. Maybe stepping-on the frequencies infinitely.
3. Reporting fake traffic or fake weather conditions, causing re-routes
and delays.
While transponders are required in and around busy airspace, someone who really sets their target on screwing it up can REALLY cause a lot of harm, potentially fatal by flying without one for quite some time as a primary target on ATC's radar.
What are the current preparations to stop this from happening? | 2017/10/02 | [
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/44279",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/users/11136/"
] | This sounds like a “people problem”. That kind of problems is best solved with *enforcement*.
Source of radio broadcast can be localized and it is not particularly difficult. There are techniques for transmitting something secretly, but they need specific modulation. Rogue broadcast or jamming on simple AM voice channel will be trivial to triangulate.
So if somebody did it, the FCC or FBI would pull out appropriate equipment, hunt them down and throw them in jail. Broadcasting without license, or contrary to the license you have, is in itself a crime and they'd throw in charges for endangering, which are quite serious.
Now of course it would take some time to hunt the perpetrator down. However, the situation is not *that* dangerous. Basically it could be treated as communication failure. VFR flights would continue flying visually, IFR ones would follow last clearance and then as filed, landings can be cleared with a light gun. And then either the surrounding sectors would be OK, or the pilots would probably try to establish some alternate communication. Cell phones should work fine for small aircraft while airliners would probably use HF or Sat links to dispatch and ask the dispatcher to relay. | The reality is that there are stuck mics daily on ATC frequencies. Pilots and controllers utilize guidance from the AIM and sometimes creative improvisation. There have been numerous cases of lone actors wreaking havoc with ATC in various countries and they are usually located with direction-finding and dealt with by police.
There is no strong countermeasure. Company planes and carriers normally have alternative com equipment which has been used. Normally cellphones are impractical.
So a swarm of illicit VHF AM transmitters could wreak havoc but the peril is rather inconsequential. |
44,279 | For someone who wants to stay anonymous and probably terrorize the skies, what protective measures do we have?
Without even thinking too deep, I can imaging the following scenarios for someone who's in a mood to mess around.
1. Flying in a busy airspace, calling to "Cancel IFR" for someone else.
2. Abusing recklessly. Maybe stepping-on the frequencies infinitely.
3. Reporting fake traffic or fake weather conditions, causing re-routes
and delays.
While transponders are required in and around busy airspace, someone who really sets their target on screwing it up can REALLY cause a lot of harm, potentially fatal by flying without one for quite some time as a primary target on ATC's radar.
What are the current preparations to stop this from happening? | 2017/10/02 | [
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/44279",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/users/11136/"
] | This sounds like a “people problem”. That kind of problems is best solved with *enforcement*.
Source of radio broadcast can be localized and it is not particularly difficult. There are techniques for transmitting something secretly, but they need specific modulation. Rogue broadcast or jamming on simple AM voice channel will be trivial to triangulate.
So if somebody did it, the FCC or FBI would pull out appropriate equipment, hunt them down and throw them in jail. Broadcasting without license, or contrary to the license you have, is in itself a crime and they'd throw in charges for endangering, which are quite serious.
Now of course it would take some time to hunt the perpetrator down. However, the situation is not *that* dangerous. Basically it could be treated as communication failure. VFR flights would continue flying visually, IFR ones would follow last clearance and then as filed, landings can be cleared with a light gun. And then either the surrounding sectors would be OK, or the pilots would probably try to establish some alternate communication. Cell phones should work fine for small aircraft while airliners would probably use HF or Sat links to dispatch and ask the dispatcher to relay. | I think it is a vulnerability, yes. But it has worked so far, much like the "if hijacked, cooperate with hijackers and let things sort themselves out" doctrine that saved many lives until someone figured out how to game the rule (and cost as many lives as were ever saved).
Indeed, right now, we depend on these being rare cases, that can be dealt with in the methods used so far, which are surprisingly ham-handed: sending FCC radio trucks, civil air patrol or ham operators on transmitter hunts. It could be a great deal more difficult if you had concerted efforts by quasi-state actors acting on a large scale - not one rogue transmitter but 20 in each of 10 regions, and the transmitters are moving. Imagine an actor learned to perfectly mimic Kennedy Steve, and sat there on channel giving wrong instructions, or heterodyning key instructions.
And of course, if a quasi-state actor is involved, this could itself be part of a much larger scheme, such as simultaneously, 4 planes code hijackings while 19 cargo planes turn off their squawks entirely, all this to turn military eyes toward missing planes and away from their normal posts... So then somethiing else happens. This is what you can expect modern war to look like in a highly technological and networked society.
For all the technology, human workload is still the limiting factor - so such nuisance attacks would be all about creating excess workload and distraction for the guardians to put them off their normal game, so you can slip something through that would be otherwise impossible.
A huge amount of this kind of cyber-war is who is making workload for whom. You want the hackers to be the frustrated and overworked ones.
A solution for radio
--------------------
Speaking of heterodyning, I was blown out of my seat by the Midway Southwest-Delta incident, where similar flight numbers acted on each others' instructions and -just like Tenerife- heterodyned over each other. *Seriously? **Still??*** SMH...
I've been carrying Hedy Lamarr's frequency-hopping tech in my pocket since 1997 (CDMA). This allows a bunch - a whole bunch - of phones to share the same frequency block without stepping on each other, and it works. Obviously, this also authenticates the transmitter, since voice wasn't free in 1997.
And *duplex* radio is nothing new, that's where you receive on frequency R but transmit on frequency T, and the repeater transmits on R anything it hears on T. Combine them and it becomes a simple matter: the control tower transmits on one frequency, and planes use CDMA to talk to the tower. Every plane has a separate virtual channel, with encryption used for identification. When two planes talk at once, they both get through. Assuming the control tower configures it as a repeater so you hear all traffic, you hear *both* KLM and Pan Am. Even slicker, there are several possible ways to mute your own transmission, so KLM doesn't hear itself, they only hear Pan Am - and vice versa. This would be the everyday advantage.
During an attack, ATC can mute "that guy" or can mute all traffic except identified traffic, and ask unidentified traffic to ident in some alternate way, like "please touchtone 5 7 8", and keep changing the "CAPTCHA" as it were.
Stepping on CDMA is hard, because all radios are stepping on each other all the time normally. So it would be hard to block the tower's transmissions outward, or planes' inward. |
44,279 | For someone who wants to stay anonymous and probably terrorize the skies, what protective measures do we have?
Without even thinking too deep, I can imaging the following scenarios for someone who's in a mood to mess around.
1. Flying in a busy airspace, calling to "Cancel IFR" for someone else.
2. Abusing recklessly. Maybe stepping-on the frequencies infinitely.
3. Reporting fake traffic or fake weather conditions, causing re-routes
and delays.
While transponders are required in and around busy airspace, someone who really sets their target on screwing it up can REALLY cause a lot of harm, potentially fatal by flying without one for quite some time as a primary target on ATC's radar.
What are the current preparations to stop this from happening? | 2017/10/02 | [
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/44279",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/users/11136/"
] | This sounds like a “people problem”. That kind of problems is best solved with *enforcement*.
Source of radio broadcast can be localized and it is not particularly difficult. There are techniques for transmitting something secretly, but they need specific modulation. Rogue broadcast or jamming on simple AM voice channel will be trivial to triangulate.
So if somebody did it, the FCC or FBI would pull out appropriate equipment, hunt them down and throw them in jail. Broadcasting without license, or contrary to the license you have, is in itself a crime and they'd throw in charges for endangering, which are quite serious.
Now of course it would take some time to hunt the perpetrator down. However, the situation is not *that* dangerous. Basically it could be treated as communication failure. VFR flights would continue flying visually, IFR ones would follow last clearance and then as filed, landings can be cleared with a light gun. And then either the surrounding sectors would be OK, or the pilots would probably try to establish some alternate communication. Cell phones should work fine for small aircraft while airliners would probably use HF or Sat links to dispatch and ask the dispatcher to relay. | Just the rules and physics.
1. If I was flying and I heard over the radio something like "Flight 122, Jacksonville Center, Request cancel IFR" I could just respond with "Flight 122, Jacksonville Center, That was not a legitimate request, we wish to maintain IFR" and though my phraseology is wrong, I could reasonably assume they got the messages. I would continue my clearances and flight plan till it got worked out. It would not take long to work out. It wouldn't take long. This is likely to have little impact. Mor importantly large, commercial aircraft are very unlikely to just cancel IFR out of no where.
2. This one would be easy to see. The antenna for omni-directional broadcast for a long range is quite large, and to have an impact you would need to broadcast your gibberish on a very large number of frequencies. Those two things together would certainly make your stand out in your neighborhood. The antenna may not look big at the airport, but it will in your back yard. Most likely you won't even finish getting it build before someone comes to take a look. If you do, then you will be found very quickly. Broadcasting a signal gives law enforcement a beacon to home in on. Don't forget ADF did just that for many years.
3. Fake weather would be pretty hard. Re routing and such may also not have that large an impact. Lets not forget you have to convince the pilots that your actually giving them a valid route. Depending on who your impersonating, that could be interesting. For example, at KMIA there are SIDs/STARs, you could give out the wrong ones of thous, except, at such a busy airport everyone already knows their SID/STAR before they even take off. In fact, even at smaller airports, SIDs are tied to destination directions and STARs are tied to arrival vectors. Try giving a south bound STAR to a northbound plane, and the pilot won't likely be able to comply, and will ask for clarification. Messing up spacing or timing might be a bit easier, but see point 2. You pain a giant bulls eye on your back, your not going to last long.
Bonus - Comms failures are not unheard of, there are other ways to communicate with ATC if you need to. Most of a flight, even an IFR flight, you don't really talk to ATC much. You gain clearances and switch "areas" (generic) but other then that, it's pretty quiet. It only really gets loud around airports or busy "areas". And with both sides of the conversation being able to hear anything said, both sides can go "nope wasn't me". And when in doubt the pilot just pilots. If it''s so bad that ATC goes dark or the pilot can't possibly make out what's going on. They just fly their last route/clearances/flight plan. Your going to have a very hard time getting a pilot, even a new one, to make a course change that puts his plane at risk. Avaite, Navigate, Communicate. That communicate one is last for a reason. |
44,279 | For someone who wants to stay anonymous and probably terrorize the skies, what protective measures do we have?
Without even thinking too deep, I can imaging the following scenarios for someone who's in a mood to mess around.
1. Flying in a busy airspace, calling to "Cancel IFR" for someone else.
2. Abusing recklessly. Maybe stepping-on the frequencies infinitely.
3. Reporting fake traffic or fake weather conditions, causing re-routes
and delays.
While transponders are required in and around busy airspace, someone who really sets their target on screwing it up can REALLY cause a lot of harm, potentially fatal by flying without one for quite some time as a primary target on ATC's radar.
What are the current preparations to stop this from happening? | 2017/10/02 | [
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/44279",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/users/11136/"
] | The reality is that there are stuck mics daily on ATC frequencies. Pilots and controllers utilize guidance from the AIM and sometimes creative improvisation. There have been numerous cases of lone actors wreaking havoc with ATC in various countries and they are usually located with direction-finding and dealt with by police.
There is no strong countermeasure. Company planes and carriers normally have alternative com equipment which has been used. Normally cellphones are impractical.
So a swarm of illicit VHF AM transmitters could wreak havoc but the peril is rather inconsequential. | Just the rules and physics.
1. If I was flying and I heard over the radio something like "Flight 122, Jacksonville Center, Request cancel IFR" I could just respond with "Flight 122, Jacksonville Center, That was not a legitimate request, we wish to maintain IFR" and though my phraseology is wrong, I could reasonably assume they got the messages. I would continue my clearances and flight plan till it got worked out. It would not take long to work out. It wouldn't take long. This is likely to have little impact. Mor importantly large, commercial aircraft are very unlikely to just cancel IFR out of no where.
2. This one would be easy to see. The antenna for omni-directional broadcast for a long range is quite large, and to have an impact you would need to broadcast your gibberish on a very large number of frequencies. Those two things together would certainly make your stand out in your neighborhood. The antenna may not look big at the airport, but it will in your back yard. Most likely you won't even finish getting it build before someone comes to take a look. If you do, then you will be found very quickly. Broadcasting a signal gives law enforcement a beacon to home in on. Don't forget ADF did just that for many years.
3. Fake weather would be pretty hard. Re routing and such may also not have that large an impact. Lets not forget you have to convince the pilots that your actually giving them a valid route. Depending on who your impersonating, that could be interesting. For example, at KMIA there are SIDs/STARs, you could give out the wrong ones of thous, except, at such a busy airport everyone already knows their SID/STAR before they even take off. In fact, even at smaller airports, SIDs are tied to destination directions and STARs are tied to arrival vectors. Try giving a south bound STAR to a northbound plane, and the pilot won't likely be able to comply, and will ask for clarification. Messing up spacing or timing might be a bit easier, but see point 2. You pain a giant bulls eye on your back, your not going to last long.
Bonus - Comms failures are not unheard of, there are other ways to communicate with ATC if you need to. Most of a flight, even an IFR flight, you don't really talk to ATC much. You gain clearances and switch "areas" (generic) but other then that, it's pretty quiet. It only really gets loud around airports or busy "areas". And with both sides of the conversation being able to hear anything said, both sides can go "nope wasn't me". And when in doubt the pilot just pilots. If it''s so bad that ATC goes dark or the pilot can't possibly make out what's going on. They just fly their last route/clearances/flight plan. Your going to have a very hard time getting a pilot, even a new one, to make a course change that puts his plane at risk. Avaite, Navigate, Communicate. That communicate one is last for a reason. |
44,279 | For someone who wants to stay anonymous and probably terrorize the skies, what protective measures do we have?
Without even thinking too deep, I can imaging the following scenarios for someone who's in a mood to mess around.
1. Flying in a busy airspace, calling to "Cancel IFR" for someone else.
2. Abusing recklessly. Maybe stepping-on the frequencies infinitely.
3. Reporting fake traffic or fake weather conditions, causing re-routes
and delays.
While transponders are required in and around busy airspace, someone who really sets their target on screwing it up can REALLY cause a lot of harm, potentially fatal by flying without one for quite some time as a primary target on ATC's radar.
What are the current preparations to stop this from happening? | 2017/10/02 | [
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/44279",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/users/11136/"
] | I think it is a vulnerability, yes. But it has worked so far, much like the "if hijacked, cooperate with hijackers and let things sort themselves out" doctrine that saved many lives until someone figured out how to game the rule (and cost as many lives as were ever saved).
Indeed, right now, we depend on these being rare cases, that can be dealt with in the methods used so far, which are surprisingly ham-handed: sending FCC radio trucks, civil air patrol or ham operators on transmitter hunts. It could be a great deal more difficult if you had concerted efforts by quasi-state actors acting on a large scale - not one rogue transmitter but 20 in each of 10 regions, and the transmitters are moving. Imagine an actor learned to perfectly mimic Kennedy Steve, and sat there on channel giving wrong instructions, or heterodyning key instructions.
And of course, if a quasi-state actor is involved, this could itself be part of a much larger scheme, such as simultaneously, 4 planes code hijackings while 19 cargo planes turn off their squawks entirely, all this to turn military eyes toward missing planes and away from their normal posts... So then somethiing else happens. This is what you can expect modern war to look like in a highly technological and networked society.
For all the technology, human workload is still the limiting factor - so such nuisance attacks would be all about creating excess workload and distraction for the guardians to put them off their normal game, so you can slip something through that would be otherwise impossible.
A huge amount of this kind of cyber-war is who is making workload for whom. You want the hackers to be the frustrated and overworked ones.
A solution for radio
--------------------
Speaking of heterodyning, I was blown out of my seat by the Midway Southwest-Delta incident, where similar flight numbers acted on each others' instructions and -just like Tenerife- heterodyned over each other. *Seriously? **Still??*** SMH...
I've been carrying Hedy Lamarr's frequency-hopping tech in my pocket since 1997 (CDMA). This allows a bunch - a whole bunch - of phones to share the same frequency block without stepping on each other, and it works. Obviously, this also authenticates the transmitter, since voice wasn't free in 1997.
And *duplex* radio is nothing new, that's where you receive on frequency R but transmit on frequency T, and the repeater transmits on R anything it hears on T. Combine them and it becomes a simple matter: the control tower transmits on one frequency, and planes use CDMA to talk to the tower. Every plane has a separate virtual channel, with encryption used for identification. When two planes talk at once, they both get through. Assuming the control tower configures it as a repeater so you hear all traffic, you hear *both* KLM and Pan Am. Even slicker, there are several possible ways to mute your own transmission, so KLM doesn't hear itself, they only hear Pan Am - and vice versa. This would be the everyday advantage.
During an attack, ATC can mute "that guy" or can mute all traffic except identified traffic, and ask unidentified traffic to ident in some alternate way, like "please touchtone 5 7 8", and keep changing the "CAPTCHA" as it were.
Stepping on CDMA is hard, because all radios are stepping on each other all the time normally. So it would be hard to block the tower's transmissions outward, or planes' inward. | Just the rules and physics.
1. If I was flying and I heard over the radio something like "Flight 122, Jacksonville Center, Request cancel IFR" I could just respond with "Flight 122, Jacksonville Center, That was not a legitimate request, we wish to maintain IFR" and though my phraseology is wrong, I could reasonably assume they got the messages. I would continue my clearances and flight plan till it got worked out. It would not take long to work out. It wouldn't take long. This is likely to have little impact. Mor importantly large, commercial aircraft are very unlikely to just cancel IFR out of no where.
2. This one would be easy to see. The antenna for omni-directional broadcast for a long range is quite large, and to have an impact you would need to broadcast your gibberish on a very large number of frequencies. Those two things together would certainly make your stand out in your neighborhood. The antenna may not look big at the airport, but it will in your back yard. Most likely you won't even finish getting it build before someone comes to take a look. If you do, then you will be found very quickly. Broadcasting a signal gives law enforcement a beacon to home in on. Don't forget ADF did just that for many years.
3. Fake weather would be pretty hard. Re routing and such may also not have that large an impact. Lets not forget you have to convince the pilots that your actually giving them a valid route. Depending on who your impersonating, that could be interesting. For example, at KMIA there are SIDs/STARs, you could give out the wrong ones of thous, except, at such a busy airport everyone already knows their SID/STAR before they even take off. In fact, even at smaller airports, SIDs are tied to destination directions and STARs are tied to arrival vectors. Try giving a south bound STAR to a northbound plane, and the pilot won't likely be able to comply, and will ask for clarification. Messing up spacing or timing might be a bit easier, but see point 2. You pain a giant bulls eye on your back, your not going to last long.
Bonus - Comms failures are not unheard of, there are other ways to communicate with ATC if you need to. Most of a flight, even an IFR flight, you don't really talk to ATC much. You gain clearances and switch "areas" (generic) but other then that, it's pretty quiet. It only really gets loud around airports or busy "areas". And with both sides of the conversation being able to hear anything said, both sides can go "nope wasn't me". And when in doubt the pilot just pilots. If it''s so bad that ATC goes dark or the pilot can't possibly make out what's going on. They just fly their last route/clearances/flight plan. Your going to have a very hard time getting a pilot, even a new one, to make a course change that puts his plane at risk. Avaite, Navigate, Communicate. That communicate one is last for a reason. |
913,941 | Is *nor*:
!(a or b)
!a or !b
!(a and b)
something else? | 2009/05/27 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/913941",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/20844/"
] | !(a or b)
see <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_NOR> for more:
>
> In [boolean logic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean_logic), **logical nor** or **joint denial** is a truth-functional operator which produces a result that is the negation of [logical or](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_disjunction). That is, a sentence of the form (*p* NOR *q*) is true precisely when neither p nor q is true—i.e. when both of *p* and *q* are false. In [grammar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammar), **nor** is a [coordinating conjunction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_conjunction)...
>
>
> | your first alternative: `!`(a or b)
which happens to be equivalent to !a and !b |
913,941 | Is *nor*:
!(a or b)
!a or !b
!(a and b)
something else? | 2009/05/27 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/913941",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/20844/"
] | !(a or b)
see <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_NOR> for more:
>
> In [boolean logic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean_logic), **logical nor** or **joint denial** is a truth-functional operator which produces a result that is the negation of [logical or](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_disjunction). That is, a sentence of the form (*p* NOR *q*) is true precisely when neither p nor q is true—i.e. when both of *p* and *q* are false. In [grammar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammar), **nor** is a [coordinating conjunction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_conjunction)...
>
>
> | [!(a or b)](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_NOR) |
913,941 | Is *nor*:
!(a or b)
!a or !b
!(a and b)
something else? | 2009/05/27 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/913941",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/20844/"
] | [!(a or b)](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_NOR) | your first alternative: `!`(a or b)
which happens to be equivalent to !a and !b |
11,200 | How do I transpose D/G, G/B etc. I want to do this in a program I'm knocking up, to display my music the way I want to see it, so an algorithmic description would be handy. If it's of any significance, the code will be put out there in an open source way :-)
I suspect it's not an easy answer because artists like the commodores used them a lot and sort of harmonic steps between other chords, Billy Joel does it a lot too and the step chord just happens to coincide with a "M/B" chord? | 2013/07/04 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/11200",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/6588/"
] | There is an inactive project on Sourceforge that does most of what you're wanting to do. It also includes "slash chords" so it should be a good jump-off point for you to at least understand the algorithms behind building up the chords.
<http://sourceforge.net/projects/chorderator/> | This [transposing app](http://www.transposingapp.com) for iOS called Chordmatic will transpose inverted chords for you: <https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/chordmatic/id1099475271?mt=8> |
11,200 | How do I transpose D/G, G/B etc. I want to do this in a program I'm knocking up, to display my music the way I want to see it, so an algorithmic description would be handy. If it's of any significance, the code will be put out there in an open source way :-)
I suspect it's not an easy answer because artists like the commodores used them a lot and sort of harmonic steps between other chords, Billy Joel does it a lot too and the step chord just happens to coincide with a "M/B" chord? | 2013/07/04 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/11200",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/6588/"
] | The old Blue Peter way was to have concentric circles, one bigger. Mark out 12 points around the outside of each, as in a clock face.Put the notes, chromatically round the edge of each.When you wanted to transpose, you rotated the outside face against the inside face, and read off the new notes/chords with reference to the originals.
Obviously you are going to bring it bang up to date, but basically this is what you'll be doing in an algorithmic way. Good luck !
You need to make the facility to say exactly which the new key will be, then the sharps/flats will automatically show, e.g. New key 'Amaj' therefore F#,C#,G#, rather than a possible, but incorrect, Gb,Db,Ab.
Welcome to Musical Practice and Performance !!
p.s. if you are talking slash chords, the algorithm will sort out the 'bass' note automatically - it will move exactly the same distance as the rest of the chord. | There is an inactive project on Sourceforge that does most of what you're wanting to do. It also includes "slash chords" so it should be a good jump-off point for you to at least understand the algorithms behind building up the chords.
<http://sourceforge.net/projects/chorderator/> |
11,200 | How do I transpose D/G, G/B etc. I want to do this in a program I'm knocking up, to display my music the way I want to see it, so an algorithmic description would be handy. If it's of any significance, the code will be put out there in an open source way :-)
I suspect it's not an easy answer because artists like the commodores used them a lot and sort of harmonic steps between other chords, Billy Joel does it a lot too and the step chord just happens to coincide with a "M/B" chord? | 2013/07/04 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/11200",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/6588/"
] | The old Blue Peter way was to have concentric circles, one bigger. Mark out 12 points around the outside of each, as in a clock face.Put the notes, chromatically round the edge of each.When you wanted to transpose, you rotated the outside face against the inside face, and read off the new notes/chords with reference to the originals.
Obviously you are going to bring it bang up to date, but basically this is what you'll be doing in an algorithmic way. Good luck !
You need to make the facility to say exactly which the new key will be, then the sharps/flats will automatically show, e.g. New key 'Amaj' therefore F#,C#,G#, rather than a possible, but incorrect, Gb,Db,Ab.
Welcome to Musical Practice and Performance !!
p.s. if you are talking slash chords, the algorithm will sort out the 'bass' note automatically - it will move exactly the same distance as the rest of the chord. | This [transposing app](http://www.transposingapp.com) for iOS called Chordmatic will transpose inverted chords for you: <https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/chordmatic/id1099475271?mt=8> |
102,905 | The black pepper I buy come in containers where you can grind it on use and they come out fine but not super fine.
I'm just wondering :
1. how do powder suppliers e.g. the companies which make curry powders etc make black pepper so fine?
2. What can I use to make my peppercorns more fine, it seems the store containers with grinder do just as good a job as a purpose bought pepper grinder(mill I think its called)?
3. How does a mortar and pestel compare to above? I imagine the pepper is always much bigger? | 2019/10/16 | [
"https://cooking.stackexchange.com/questions/102905",
"https://cooking.stackexchange.com",
"https://cooking.stackexchange.com/users/7945/"
] | Better grinding and *sieving*
If you think about it - spice powders are essentially flour. Pop it in a *good* blender. Blend, let it settle and sieve to required consistency. Repeat with oversized particles.
In an industrial setting this would likely mean a large mill and vibrating sieves, but you can, *very carefully* get the same results on a smaller scale. I believe some folks also use coffee mills for this, though obviously not one you have or intend to use for coffee.
For small quantities, you could probably use a spice mill or mill attachment on a blender. Just take your time.
Its also worth remembering a pepper mill *cracks* not *grinds* pepper. | An industrial grinding mill at a, uh, ground pepper factory (Caution! Extreme sneezing danger!) is not *fundamentally* different in design from your plastic store-bought mill. It consists of two hard surfaces which are very close together, and the pepper will be crushed and ground between them.
As Journeyman Geek mentioned, sieving will often be part of this process, but a good mill will be able to produce a very fine grind even without sieving. (In fact, sieving is usually used to remove dust so that the grind isn't *too* fine, not to exclude larger pieces.)
The store-bought mill you have, unfortunately, is not a good mill. The surfaces won't be kept a consistent distance from each other, meaning that large pieces of pepper will sometimes escape the mill. As the grinder wears down -- which it will, quickly, since the pieces are just extruded plastic -- it'll get even worse at this.
It is possible to buy really, *really* good spice mills, and you will pay a really, *really* high price for them. Much more practical is a coffee grinder. You can use either an upright [blade-style grinder](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Braun_Coffee_Grinder_-_Austin_Calhoon_Photograph.jpg) or a [burr grinder](https://www.flickr.com/photos/yourbestdigs/40082508655)... coffee purists insist on the latter, but that's because it'll produce less coffee dust, which is not something you're concerned about, and a blade-style grinder makes it easier to see and control the final grind. (Do NOT use one grinder for both spices and coffee. Grinders are not easy to clean. Your curry will taste of coffee and your coffee will taste of cumin.) Oh, and don't buy an [antique-looking mill with the central spindle unsupported at the top](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peugeot_coffee_grinder_(2306141796).jpg) -- these are very pretty but *awful* at grinding.
Mortar and pestles: Meh. There's a wide variety of those. The ones with a rough surface are fairly easy to use, but won't produce a fine grind. The smoother ones can grind hard, dry stuff to an *infinitesimal* grain size but will take forever to do so with plant matter like peppercorns. (If you must use one of these, add a bit of salt as an abrasive.) |
43,317 | I am looking for a translation in english (or french) of the following book in Chinese Mandarin:
大圆满前行法海
It is a book in the Bön tradition about Dzogchen. | 2020/11/27 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/43317",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/20100/"
] | I coudn't find a translation, but from what I gather from the title:
* 大圆满 Dzogchen
* 前行 forward, advance
* 法海 Fa-Hai
[法海 Fa-Hai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahai) was a Chan monk in the Tang dynasty, but is also the name of a Sino-Tibetan Lama (1920-1991) who studied both Chan and Dzogchen. Monica Esposito wrote a book in English on this blending of disciplines:
[The Zen of Tantra: Tibetan Great Perfection in Fahai Lama's Chinese Zen Monastery](http://universitymedia.org/Tantra.html)
Hope this helps. | This is the book probably : <https://sanxuezang.com/book/7571>
Use the website <https://www.deepl.com> to translate. |
43,317 | I am looking for a translation in english (or french) of the following book in Chinese Mandarin:
大圆满前行法海
It is a book in the Bön tradition about Dzogchen. | 2020/11/27 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/43317",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/20100/"
] | I coudn't find a translation, but from what I gather from the title:
* 大圆满 Dzogchen
* 前行 forward, advance
* 法海 Fa-Hai
[法海 Fa-Hai](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahai) was a Chan monk in the Tang dynasty, but is also the name of a Sino-Tibetan Lama (1920-1991) who studied both Chan and Dzogchen. Monica Esposito wrote a book in English on this blending of disciplines:
[The Zen of Tantra: Tibetan Great Perfection in Fahai Lama's Chinese Zen Monastery](http://universitymedia.org/Tantra.html)
Hope this helps. | 大圆满前行法海 is not a Bon text. It's either a Nyingma Buddhist text or a Chinese Ch'an Buddhist text.
Here is a Chinese site that has information about 大圆满前行法海 and its author, but it's in Chinese. You will need to use a translator to read it.
<https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%86%E6%BB%A1%E5%89%8D%E8%A1%8C%E6%B3%95%E6%B5%B7/15454540>
The author is 孜珠.丁真祖普俄色活佛.
The publisher is > 宗教文化出版社
Publication date: July 2013
The book covers > the purpose of learning Buddhism, how to listen to the Dharma, how to find a guru (teacher), and the Dharma knowledge of Yong Zhongben's practice.
There is a table of contents on this page as well.
Here are a few clips from the Table of Contents using Google translate.
1 Arouse Bodhichitta... 3
1.1 Four immeasurable minds... 3
1.1.1 Home... 3
1.1.2 Sad... 4
1.1.3 Kindness... 11
1.1.4 Happy... 12
1.2 Generate Bodhicitta... 14
2.1 Reflect on the purpose of studying Buddhism... 4
2.2 How to listen to Buddhism... 5
2.2.1 Qualified speakers... 6
2.2.2 The scene of listening to the Dharma... 6
2.2.3 Behaviors that should be discarded... 8
3.3.2 Hell... 42
3.3.2.1 Eight Hot Hells... 42
3.3.2.2 Eight Cold Hells... 44
3.3.2.3 Short-lived hell... 44
3.3.3 Hungry Ghost... 46
3.3.3.1 Hungry Ghosts Walking in the Earth... 46
3.3.3.2 Hungry ghosts... 47
3.4.1 Evil deeds to abandon... 62
3.4.1.1 Five poisons... 62
3.4.1.2 Ten Evil... 64
3.4.1.3 Results of negative karma... 70
3.4.2 Good deeds to practice... 76
5 Guru Yoga... 100
5.1 Praying to the merits of the guru... 100
5.2 Guru yoga rituals... 101
5.2.1 Prayer... 101
5.2.2 Seven supply... 102
5.2.3 Being blessed... 106
5.2.4 Receive empowerment... 107
5.2.5 Backward... 107
5.3 Guru Yoga sitting down and practicing... 107
~ ~ ~
You can get similar information, in English, if you read these two books.
"The Complete Nyingma Tradition from Sutra to Tantra - Books 01-10: Foundations of the Buddhist Path" by Choying Tobden Dorje
"The Union of Bliss and Emptiness Teachings on the Practice of Guru Yoga" by H. H. the 14th Dalai Lama and Thupten Jinpa |
23,704 | OK, this would seem old and odd...but it still needs to be done.
We actually have a file server (NAS) that has VSS 6.0 on it, basically the .exe files, etc. are in a share and the users run the .exe file to open VSS and check in/out documents.
I've downloaded VSS 2005 from our MVLS site and extracted it and read the readme.htm saying that I can install in on a server running setup.exe.
The question I have:
Q: How can I setup VSS 2005 as just files on a share where the user can then run the .exe file like our existing VSS 6.0 setup? Is it really as easy as simply copying the extracted files over to the share? I don't want to actually have to install a server side application for it if not necessary. | 2009/06/10 | [
"https://serverfault.com/questions/23704",
"https://serverfault.com",
"https://serverfault.com/users/7861/"
] | Ok, you can have the repository (vss database) files shared via a network share thats how the multi-user aspects are claimed.
I believe VSS 6 had a network install option and just installing VSS 2k5 now to confirm this option still exists. This means you only need to get all your clients to run the .exe from this share and login to the repository on another share.
Oh, PLEASE create a repository for EVERY project! VSS can become easily corrupted.....
Will update this post if there is a network install option for VSS 2k5
EDIT: Ok, no network setup under the installer but you could try copying the Microsoft Visual SourceSafe folder under the Program Files folder on the install medium to a network share. Please test this and ensure it does not corrupt a repository before using this method for production work | The server portion of VSS needs to go onto an actual server running Windows.
Unfortunately it's not as easy as a simple file share. The server is responsible for adjudicating transactions, check-ins, check-outs, timestamping, etc. |
38,559 | I have a panel interview for an entry level position with a financial institution at the end of the week. Aside from the usual preparations such as the following:
* Researching the company and the position you are applying for
* Being prepared to describe past experiences on one's resume
* Linking your skills to the job being sought
* Showing interest and poise in working in **this position**
There are five panelists and they are from different managerial levels.
What are some other recommendations for properly handling a panel interview? | 2014/12/16 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/38559",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/30062/"
] | One of the biggest things I can think of is to make sure to address your answer **first** to the person who asked the question. But overall, make sure you make eye contact with everyone. Check out their body language. If the guy who asked the question is smiling but the guy in the corner is frowning, you are probably missing something he wants said. Remember all of them will evaluate every answer even if the person did not ask it. Give more attention to the person asking the question, but don't ignore everyone else. | >
> What are some other recommendations for properly handling a panel interview (with five panelists and they are from different managerial levels)?
>
>
>
Some of these may be more or less applicable.
* Look up your interviewers on Linked-in (if you know who they are).
* Write out some sample [STAR](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation,_Task,_Action,_Result) interview answers, keeping in mind you will have a lot of different managerial layers present
* Ensure you dress formally as higher levels tend to care more about this
* Look everyone in the eye periodically
* Depending on culture, make sure you introduce yourself to everyone and shake their hands. This varies based on culture
* Have questions related to the strategic direction of the company. Your primary questions probably will be related to your job, which don't really matter to the higher level managers. Have questions *they* care about too, like "what do you see as the biggest challenges and opportunities facing X in the next 5 years?"
* Don't only address a portion of the panel. Some may be much less vocal but they are still interviewing you, don't make them feel left out.
* If possible, try to avoid directly facing anyone - this comes across as more adversarial. If you can sit at an angle, even if somewhat, this is a more natural/relaxed interaction. |
14,754,460 | I am using a nine patch image as a drawable for a selector's item element.
The nine patch image is here:
The image that finally gets rendered is this (emulator & device screenshot, both device have resolutions > mdpi):
As you can see, it has been scaled outside the stretchable area (as defined in the 9 patch file), the darker green bar is much thicker as it should be.
Why is that and can it be avoided? The draw9patch tool scales this image correctly. Does it have to do with Android trying to preserve physical dimensions on high resolution devices? | 2013/02/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/14754460",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/462982/"
] | Do you only provide a mdpi version of the image?
Android scales all images that aren't available in the correct pixel density. This happens before the image is scaled via 9patch.
This would mean that your image gets scaled up to fit hdpi and then scaled to fit the content.
To fix this, you have to provide hdpi and xhdpi versions of your image. 9patch isn't supposed to target different pixel densities and rather different content/screen sizes. | I checked out your 9 patch:
Why did you color your not used bounds white? It should be transparent.
Because of this it is not recognized as a 9Patch:
 |
63,008,102 | I am working with my new website. I got SSL certificates file from Digicert SSL provider . I installed SSL as instructed . But my WordPress pages still get Insecure page error while other html and non-WordPress PHP pages works Okay. I am not sure what did i do wrong.
my website is
<https://www.devbhusal.com/> shows insecure page error.
<https://www.devbhusal.com/readme.html> works fine.
<https://www.devbhusal.com/test.php> works fine. | 2020/07/21 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/63008102",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/13967331/"
] | If SSL installed successfully with domain and still site is not secure then please check if internal link used only http:// if yes then convert to https:// and still you not able to find then you can use <https://wordpress.org/plugins/really-simple-ssl/> plugin. | I tried with simpl SSL and everything that I can find on internet. At last I made wordpress backup file, created new server in EC2 ,install fresh WordPress ,restore wordpress data and install SSL. Now it is working. I still couldn't figure out what went wrong with old settings. |
4,372,329 | I am downloading a large file from the internet within my code and would like to show the user a progress bar to show how far along the download is, preferably in a separate pop-up box.
How would I go about doing this? | 2010/12/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4372329",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/499870/"
] | See javax.swing.ProgressMonitorInputStream.
People seem to miss this. Maybe it's because it doesn't start with 'J'. ;-) | What UI framework do you use? In case it is Swing, you could wrap your download code into SwingWorker and update progress bar on buffer writes. You could also store written byte count in local variable and utilize Timer, however it seems less elegant (but working).
If my assumption about Swing is correct, [wikipedia](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swingworker) has good SwingWorker example to help start you with. |
4,372,329 | I am downloading a large file from the internet within my code and would like to show the user a progress bar to show how far along the download is, preferably in a separate pop-up box.
How would I go about doing this? | 2010/12/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4372329",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/499870/"
] | See javax.swing.ProgressMonitorInputStream.
People seem to miss this. Maybe it's because it doesn't start with 'J'. ;-) | See <http://www.java-forums.org/awt-swing/15152-swingworker-my-small-internet-page-downloader.html> |
50,156 | I'm working a project which tries to determine Blood Pressure from PPG signals.I'm trying to extract the features as shown below...
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/O1aOa.png)
I'm having problem in finding the troughs and dicrotic notch for each cycle and also the cycle start and end duration. Are there any manual method methods which can be applied ( I'm a newbie to signal processing )thereby which we can extract the trough and notch location in each cycle ?
Much thanks in advance | 2018/06/27 | [
"https://dsp.stackexchange.com/questions/50156",
"https://dsp.stackexchange.com",
"https://dsp.stackexchange.com/users/36480/"
] | I went ahead with the proof of concept. $60 is a minimal investment to make and implementing high-school-level science experiments at home is never a bad idea.
What I discovered is that yes, low frequency ANC is possible with a simple analog setup for predictable read-world noise, but no, it's not practical in any useful way in an open-space environment.
**Setup**
---------
Keeping the mic close to the speaker with a inverted signal (flipping pins 2 and 3) was not workable. I assume this was because at the low frequencies I was targeting a negative feedback loop cancelled out any reduction effects. There was just no way to attenuate the signal between the mic and speaker with only inches to work with.
I then tried moving the mic and speaker apart a distance of ~1/2 the wavelength of the strongest noise frequency (about 5' for 114Hz), as shown below. The noise source is at the wall near the window:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/CSHqR.jpg)
In this case pins 2 and 3 were not flipped.
**Results**
-----------
After a lot of fiddling with gain/eq values and exact mic/speaker placement, some positive results appeared.
The measurement at the noise source (near the mic) without the system active showed -38dB at 114Hz:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/GTns0.png)
And at the target cancellation area (bed) without the system active I measured -54dB at 114Hz:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/R6iYp.png)
Then, after activating the test setup (turning the volume up) the total energy at 114Hz did in fact go down about 10dB. In fact, it was no longer the dominant tone in the spectrum as it was reduced below the unchanged 60Hz component of the noise.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/HN5uF.png)
This was great, and there was something incredibly gratifying about seeing and hearing that 114Hz tone go **down** while turning a volume knob **up**.
**Shortcomings**
----------------
Despite what I would call a "successful" proof-of-concept, a setup of this nature still lacks strong practical value. Based on additional observations, reasons for this include:
1. A single target noise frequency could be reduced slightly, but not enough to eliminate the problem. 114Hz tonal noise could still be heard from the direction of the source (uncancelled) and from other directions (reflections with phase shifts).
2. Targeting other problematic frequencies would require additional setups with different measurements. This could become impractical very quickly.
3. The setup was extremely finicky. *Very minor* alterations to mic placement, or gain values on the preamp, could make-or-break the whole effect. There are surely ways to improve on this, but it was clearly not a robust setup.
4. The area in which the cancellation effect could be measured was very small (maybe 1-2 cubic feet). There are probably ways to improve on this as well, especially given the relatively long wavelengths involved, but it's still a notable limitation.
I am of course beginning to wonder if a DSP solution (adaptive LMS or something like that) would address any of these points, or if these are all unavoidable issues in an open-space environment. That of course is a separate topic. | Very similar situation here. What kind of brown noise did you use? I'd love to try a similar approach, and kill (or at least mask) this noise
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/kcKHj.jpg) |
250,947 | This question is regarding specifically the [hash](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/hash "show questions tagged 'hash'") tag. This word has a heavily overloaded meaning for programming. The tag-wiki specifies the tag is only for the [algorithmic method of fingerprinting](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_function) large objects:
>
> A hash function is any well-defined procedure or mathematical function that converts a large, possibly variable-sized amount of data into a small datum, usually a single integer that may serve as an index to an array (cf. associative array). The values returned by a hash function are called hash values, hash codes, hash sums, checksums or simply hashes.
>
>
>
However, there are many questions which use the tag in a different manner. Some examples:
1. Twitter (and now Facebook) style [hashtags](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hashtag): Pretty much everything [tagged with both](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/hash+twitter) [twitter](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/twitter "show questions tagged 'twitter'") and [hash](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/hash "show questions tagged 'hash'")
* This crossover is currently down to just 30 questions, so someone has been cleaning it up. Whoever you are, if you're reading this, I salute you!
* Thanks to JAB for pointing out the [hashtag](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/hashtag "show questions tagged 'hashtag'") tag, which is now up to 525 questions.
2. URL/URI hash marks, relating to [web browsers](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragment_identifier) (aka fragment identifier) ([~800 questions](https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=%5Bhash%5D%20url%20is%3Aquestion)).
* Meanwhile, [fragment-identifier](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/fragment-identifier "show questions tagged 'fragment-identifier'") only has ~175 questions. Thanks again to JAB for pointing this one out.
3. As Cupcake and ThisSuitIsBlackNot point out, in [Ruby](http://ruby-doc.org/core-2.1.3/Hash.html) and [Perl](http://perlmaven.com/perl-hashes), a hash refers to a hashtable or hashmap like data structure with the hash function abstracted away. These structures are also known as [associative-array](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/associative-array "show questions tagged 'associative-array'") (s) or [dictionary](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/dictionary "show questions tagged 'dictionary'") (ies), which have their own tags.
* [Ruby x hash](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/hash+ruby) ~2200 questions
* [Perl x hash](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/hash+perl) ~1400 questions
4. There is also the enigmatic [hashes](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/hashes "show questions tagged 'hashes'") tag with no wiki. The questions seem to be a smattering of all the other meanings. I know of no other tag that has the singular and plural form both accepted. Should this tag be burninated?
5. Many questions which are asking about cryptographic hash functions and should probably only include the [cryptographichashfunction](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/cryptographichashfunction "show questions tagged 'cryptographichashfunction'") tag (which currently only has 30 questions).
* Most questions are only asking about cryptographic **or** non-cryptgraphic hash functions; rare is the question which is actively comparing or asking about the differences between the two classes of hash functions.
* [MD5 x hash](https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=%5Bhash%5D%20md5%20is%3Aquestion) ~1300 questions
* [SHA x hash](https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=%5Bhash%5D%20SHA%20is%3Aquestion) ~680 questions, etc.
* This is admittedly the least objectionable tag collision, because a cryptographic hash function is essentially a beefed up, slower running hash function with mainly the same purpose. So let's focus on the fragment-identifier, hashtag and language-specific hashtable tag collisions.
Have there been any efforts in the past to clean up the [hash](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/hash "show questions tagged 'hash'") tag? Are there other tags for the URL post-octothorpe fragment identifier and social-media hashtags? Or is the best course of action to update the hash tag-wiki to make it clear that it is overloaded?
---
No one has pointed out any clean-up efforts on the root [hash](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/hash "show questions tagged 'hash'") tag. I also just tried to edit a question to create the suggested [cryptographic-hash-function](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/cryptographic-hash-function "show questions tagged 'cryptographic-hash-function'") tag and discovered why it doesn't exist: it is 28 characters long and the maximum allowed length is (currently) 25 characters which the [cryptographichashfunciton](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/cryptographichashfunciton "show questions tagged 'cryptographichashfunciton'") barely fits. I understand dash separation is the preferred method; is there a way to get special dispensation for long tags?
Personally, I would favor making clear, separate tags for for the other meanings of hash. We seem to already have appropriate tags for most of these cases, but the waters are still very muddy.
To accomplish this, I think the clearest way forward would be to deprecate the [hash](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/hash "show questions tagged 'hash'") tag and disallow new questions from using the tag. Instead, the user would have to select from one of the other suggested tags, which would have to include [hashtag](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/hashtag "show questions tagged 'hashtag'"), [fragment-identifier](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/fragment-identifier "show questions tagged 'fragment-identifier'"), [hashtable](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/hashtable "show questions tagged 'hashtable'") (and/or hashmap, associative-array, dictionary - it would be great if this were language aware), [hash-function](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/hash-function "show questions tagged 'hash-function'") and [cryptographichashfunction](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/cryptographichashfunction "show questions tagged 'cryptographichashfunction'").
Is this possible? Or would it require new code to deprecate a tag in this way? | 2014/03/21 | [
"https://meta.stackoverflow.com/questions/250947",
"https://meta.stackoverflow.com",
"https://meta.stackoverflow.com/users/1146608/"
] | * For the first case: [hashtag](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/hashtag "show questions tagged 'hashtag'") existed before you asked your question.
* For the second case: [fragment-identifier](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/fragment-identifier "show questions tagged 'fragment-identifier'") existed before you asked your question.
* For the third case: [cryptographichashfunction](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/cryptographichashfunction "show questions tagged 'cryptographichashfunction'") existed before you asked your question. (And with [the increase in tag character limit](https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/197889/raising-the-25-chars-limit-for-tags/299490#299490), that tag has now been renamed to [cryptographic-hash-function](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/cryptographic-hash-function "show questions tagged 'cryptographic-hash-function'").)
I think there are two main issues regarding finding preexisting tags:
* Some of those tags don't show up when you type `hash` in the tags box for a question, so people who are not as familiar with the tags on SO will just go with whatever they're recommended rather than checking for a more specific tag.
* The tag search feature at <https://stackoverflow.com/tags> only searches by tag name; I see no support for searching by contents of the tag description, meaning if the recommended tag for something has different wording a user lacking experience with that tag may not find the right one.
(Those two issues are essentially the same, now that I think about it: namely, that tag searching/matching is done solely by name.) | You seem very confused about the relationship between hash functions and cryptographic hash functions.
Namely, you appear to think they are different and unrelated ideas. Nothing could be further from the truth.
"Algorithmic method of fingerprinting objects" is **exactly** what a cryptographic hash function is. There are only two differences between hash function in a hash table, and hash function in cryptography:
1. For hashtables, we choose fast hash functions. For crypto, we choose hash functions that are intentionally made slow, with the idea that an attacker is going to be computing a lot more of them than any legitimate user.
2. For crypto, we intentionally use hash functions that are difficult to reverse (preimage property). For hashtables, we don't care1.
Everything else, from the basic concept, to a desire to minimize collisions, is the same.
---
1Until a remote user controls the data, in which case the opportunity to cause hash collisions and turn lookup time from O(1) to O(n) is a Denial of Service vulnerability. In that case, you might care about preimage of the hashing function used in a hash table. |
36,517 | Is it permissible to donate blood as a Muslim? I wish to donate blood but I don't know if this is acceptable in islam. | 2016/11/28 | [
"https://islam.stackexchange.com/questions/36517",
"https://islam.stackexchange.com",
"https://islam.stackexchange.com/users/20213/"
] | We survey online fatawa below.
All of the surveyed fatawa say blood donation is permissible in order to save a life, using the maxim *necessity overrides prohibition*. However, blood donations are not so black and white. Blood transfusions are ordinarily performed well before a patient gets to a life-or-death stage; blood needs to be donated in advance of its need; and the blood donor is not informed of who receives the blood. (See e.g. [Mayo Clinic](http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/blood-transfusion/basics/why-its-done/prc-20021256) or [NHS.uk](http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/blood-transfusion/Pages/Why-is-it-necessary.aspx) for a description of how blood transfusions are used.) Thus, a blood donation may contribute to saving lives, but the blood donor won't know (e.g., maybe they would have lived without the blood transfusion). As a whole, however, without blood donations, there would be people who will undoubtedly die.
Some fatawa listed below say it's not only permissible in general, but that blood donation is a rewardable act, while others are more cautious and consider it permissible under certain conditions (varying from fatwa to fatwa).
Personally, I can't see how a blood donation would be seen as anything but a good deed (whether in actuality, or just by intention). And it seems I'm not the only one with this positive opinion: there's also a UK Muslim organization for blood donations: <http://www.muslimsgiveblood.co.uk/> They cite a hadith: *Whoever helps another human will be helped by Allah The Almighty* which might be a paraphrased version of [Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1930](https://sunnah.com/tirmidhi/27/36): *...whoever helps ease a difficulty in the world, Allah will grant him ease from a difficulty in the world and in the Hereafter...*. They also write:
>
> Islam is a religion of mercy and caters for all the problems faced by humanity. It acknowledges the needs of people, thus gives concessions and dispensations wherever needed. Hence, it can be said that blood transfusion is lawful as a necessity. "And if any one saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of all mankind." ([Al Quran: Surah Al-Ma'dah: 32](https://quran.com/5/32))
>
>
>
citing the first fatwa listed below.
Islam Q&A
---------
Islam Q&A fatawa consistently say it's permissible, and they're usually on the conservative side. Indeed one fatwa even considers it a rewardable act of charity.
>
> It is permissible to receive blood from the Blood Bank even if the donor was a kaafir. Likewise, **it is also permissible to donate blood to non-Muslims as long as they are not fighters of Islam.** -- Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid, [Islam Q&A](https://islamqa.info/en/239), 1997
>
>
> ...if a non-Muslim who is living under Muslim rule or a non-Muslim who is on peaceful terms with us, with no war between him and us, is in need of that, **there is nothing wrong with giving blood to him as an act of charity, and you will be rewarded for that**, because there is nothing wrong with giving aid to one who is in need of charity. -- Noor ‘ala al-Darb, [Islam Q&A](https://islamqa.info/en/129113), 2009
>
>
> ...the Hay’at Kibaar al-‘Ulamaa’ (Council of Senior Scholars) stated the following: ... **It is permissible to donate blood, so long as this does not cause him any harm, when there is a need for it to help other Muslims.** ... -- [Islam Q&A](https://islamqa.info/en/2320), 1999
>
>
> **It is permissible for a Muslim to donate blood to a non-Muslim, except when that non-Muslim is known to be in a position of fighting the Muslims** ... In such a case it is not permissible to donate blood, because this will help them to fight Muslims. -- [Islam Q&A](https://islamqa.info/en/958), 1998
>
>
>
IslamWeb
--------
>
> ...medical treatment should be done by permissible things in Islam. It is known that using shed blood is forbidden as mentioned in [[Qur'an 2:173]](http://quran.com/2:173) ... But if a person is compelled to use the blood of a person, and there is no other way to his treatment, then using it is permissible provided that medical authorities confirm that this is the only way for this treatment. Because [[Qur'an 2:173]](https://quran.com/2:173) ... **Therefore, one can donate his blood if there this does not cause him any harm.** -- [IslamWeb](http://www.islamweb.net/emainpage/index.php?page=showfatwa&Option=FatwaId&Id=82197), 2000
>
>
>
which is extended in a later fatwa:
>
> ...**whoever donates his blood to save the lives of people, indeed, he gets a good reward for that if he does so for the sake of Allah**. [[Qur'an 6:160]](http://quran.com/6:160) -- [IslamWeb](http://www.islamweb.net/emainpage/index.php?page=showfatwa&Option=FatwaId&Id=87533), 2004
>
>
> The fact that a non-Muslim will remain on his Kufr... does not change the rule concerning donating blood. Since all the Muslim scholars are agreed that feeding a Kafir, who is not in a state of war against Muslims is permissible, in some occasions it even becomes an obligation, such as when a Kafir's life is in danger because of starvation and a Muslim has some food that exceeds his extreme necessity, in this case he is obliged to feed the Kafir. Moreover, **this is a kind of favor, and kindness, a Muslim is demanded to do it even for a Kafir**, as Allah Says: [[Qur'an 60:8]](https://quran.com/60:8) -- [IslamWeb](http://www.islamweb.net/emainpage/index.php?page=showfatwa&Option=FatwaId&Id=83172), 2001
>
>
>
And, in the context of scientific research:
>
> The blood shed from a human being is impure and cannot be used in medication or research except for a necessity or a dire need. In cases where usage of blood is permissible, there will be no harm whether the benefited person is a Muslim or a non-Muslim so long as the purpose is lawful. ... **Therefore, it is permissible for you to donate blood as long as you know for sure or predominantly think that the blood will not be used in impermissible matters.** -- [IslamWeb](http://www.islamweb.net/emainpage/index.php?page=showfatwa&Option=FatwaId&Id=129802), 2009
>
>
>
Other
-----
>
> **Where there is a genuine need for blood in the area... then giving is allowed.** In fact, in severe circumstances we should offer help by donating our blood. ... However, where supplies are already at a high level, giving blood would not be allowed. -- [Tafseer Raheemi](https://www.tafseer-raheemi.com/q624-donating-blood/), 2012
>
>
> **It is permissible to donate and transfuse blood if**: a) There is a desperate need to donate blood, b) There is no other alternative. And, c) This has been prescribed by an expert medical practitioner. -- Mufti Ebrahim Desai, [Albalgah](http://albalagh.net/qa/blood_donations.shtml) (also at: [AskImam.org](http://askimam.org/public/question_detail/9003.html), 2003 [[IslamQA.org]](http://islamqa.org/hanafi/askimam/29589) and [AskImam.org](http://askimam.org/public/question_detail/32245), 2015)
>
>
>
and the same Mufti:
>
> Considering the perpetual need of blood transfusion at any given moment, **it is permissible to donate to a blood bank for both Muslims and non-Muslims**. -- Mufti Ebrahim Desai, [AskImam.org](http://askimam.org/public/question_detail/28940)
>
>
> **Because blood transfusion is permissible, it will also be permissible to donate blood.** -- Mufti Siraj Desai, [AskMufti.co.za](http://www.askmufti.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=609:blood-transfusion&catid=72:miscellaneous&Itemid=82), 2010
>
>
> **There is ajar to help a non-Muslim that is needy.** The reward of helping a Muslim needy person will definitely be greater. -- Mufti Ebrahim Salejee, [MuftiOnline.co.za](http://muftionline.co.za/node/6840), 2014
>
>
>
(ajar = reward, as far as I tell)
>
> **Donating blood to another person is only allowed in the case of a necessity that requires it.** Simply storing blood in the blood bank is not sufficient as a need for a Muslim to give blood to the blood bank. Hence, **it is not permissible for a Muslim to donate his blood to the bank to be stored up.** -- Mufti Waseem Khan, DarulUloomTT.org; sourced from [IslamQA.org](http://islamqa.org/hanafi/darululoomtt/52334)
>
>
> In light of the foregoing, **it would be permitted to donate and transfuse blood under the following conditions**: a) The donor is mature and sane, b) The donor willingly donates his blood... c) There is no apparent risk... d) There is absolute necessity in donating blood... e) There is a need for it, that is, there is no risk to the life, but in the opinion of the experts, restoration of health may not be possible without it... f) There is no reasonable alternative... g) It is not for the sake of beatification or any other additional benefit... h) Transfusion of blood must not be carried out by way of buying and selling -- Muhammad ibn Adam al-Kawthari, [DarulIftaa.co.uk](http://www.daruliftaa.com/node/5552)
>
>
> ...**if there is a need then it will be permissible to transplant an organ if the organ is such that can regenerate itself, such as skin and blood**. (Fatawa Hindiyyah p.355 v.5) -- Mohammed Tosir Miah, [Darul Ifta Birmingham](http://daruliftabirmingham.co.uk/donating-blood/), 2011
>
>
> According to Dr. Zakir, **as far as blood donation is concerned, if blood donation to the recipient is a must, blood donation is then permitted** provided [conditions snipped] ... As for the question whether a Muslim can donate blood to a non-Muslim, Dr. Zakir believes that it is permissible... He cites a verse in the Qur’an ([Al-Ma’idah 5:32](http://quran.com/5:32)) in support of his opinion. -- [IslamForChristians.com](http://www.islamforchristians.com/blood-donation-allowed-islam/)
>
>
> ...**the scholars of Fiqh have allowed to donate the blood in severe compulsion when blood is not available and life of patient is in danger**... -- Darul Ifta, sourced from [IslamQA.org](http://islamqa.org/hanafi/darulifta-deoband/23176)
>
>
> We are not owner of our body parts to handle freely. So **it is unlawful to donate blood or body parts. But, if someone donated blood to save the life of a near relative, it is allowable**. -- Darul Ifta, sourced from [IslamQA.org](http://islamqa.org/hanafi/darulifta-deoband/25202)
>
>
> **One is allowed to donate blood in exigent and extreme states.** This ruling has been compared with that of milk i.e. as it is lawful for a mother to breastfeed her child in the time of need, in the same way it is allowable to donate the blood at the time of extreme compulsion. -- Darul Ifta, sourced from [IslamQA.org](http://islamqa.org/hanafi/darulifta-deoband/24448)
>
>
> | Very interesting question.
You will not find anything in the holy texts that speaks about blood donation, for the same obvious reason you will not find anything about vaccines : on one hand it did not exist in the prophet's time, and on the other hand it is a purely material topic, not a spiritual one.
However, you will find many calls to assist your brothers and sisters. This should compell you to donate blood, as long as it does not harm yourself.
I hope someone, some day, is saved thanks to your donations. |
80,503 | I know it has been asked before, but I'm still not sure if I understand the focal length issues of EF-lenses on APSC cameras in Canon system. I already have the EF-S 55-250 IS STM and I'd like to buy a longer telephoto - if I get the EF 70-200 will it give me effectively more range than EF-S 55-250 (200 x 1.6 = 320 mm)? | 2016/07/27 | [
"https://photo.stackexchange.com/questions/80503",
"https://photo.stackexchange.com",
"https://photo.stackexchange.com/users/25592/"
] | No, a 70-200mm lens will give you less range than a 55-250mm lens on both ends of the focal lengths. In order to understand the comparative fields of view yielded by an EF-S and an EF lens on an APS-C camera body in terms of the same field of view on a full frame/35mm camera, **you must multiply the focal length of *both* lenses by the 1.6X crop factor.**
Your EF-S 55-250mm f/4-5.6 IS lens gives an FoV equivalent to an 88-400mm lens on a FF camera.
An EF 70-200mm f/4 (or any other 70-200mm lens) mounted on your Canon APS-C camera gives an FoV equivalent to a 112-320mm lens mounted on a FF camera. What the 70-200mm "L" Series lenses give you is significantly better image quality and wider, constant apertures. The faster *speed* of a wide aperture telephoto lens is vital when shooting action or sports under challenging lighting.
A 70-300mm telephoto lens mounted on your Canon APS-C camera would give you an equivalent FoV of a 112-480mm lens mounted on a FF camera. But most 70-300mm lenses are not much, if any, better optically than the 55-250mm lens you already have. They also usually have the same f/4-5.6 slower variable aperture.
For more, please see [Why do Full Frame lenses and crop body lenses exhibit the same crop factor when used on a crop body camera?](https://photo.stackexchange.com/questions/38899/why-do-full-frame-lenses-and-crop-body-lenses-exhibit-the-same-crop-factor-when/38915#38915)
For more on the optical differences between the EF 55-250mm f/4-5.6 IS II, the EF 70-300mm f/4-5.6 IS, and the Canon 70-200mm "L" series lenses,please see [this answer](https://photo.stackexchange.com/a/45326/15871) to [What improvements I could expect upgrading from Canon EF 55-250mm IS to a Canon 70 - 300mm?](https://photo.stackexchange.com/questions/45322/what-improvements-i-could-expect-upgrading-from-canon-ef-55-250mm-is-to-a-canon/45326#45326) (Hint: Not a whole lot) | No, it'll give you a smaller range. The numbers quoted on any system camera lens are the actual focal length, not the equivalent.
You can get a longer range with a 70-300mm fairly easily, but the difference won't be huge - you'd barely notice it in reality. More than that is available but expensive and heavy.
I'd suggest you'll do best by looking at the subjects you're interested in shooting, then look at examples of that sort of photography on Flickr and review their EXIF to see how they've been taken. Better fieldcraft and practice, hard work as that can be, is likely to be your best answer. |
80,503 | I know it has been asked before, but I'm still not sure if I understand the focal length issues of EF-lenses on APSC cameras in Canon system. I already have the EF-S 55-250 IS STM and I'd like to buy a longer telephoto - if I get the EF 70-200 will it give me effectively more range than EF-S 55-250 (200 x 1.6 = 320 mm)? | 2016/07/27 | [
"https://photo.stackexchange.com/questions/80503",
"https://photo.stackexchange.com",
"https://photo.stackexchange.com/users/25592/"
] | No, a 70-200mm lens will give you less range than a 55-250mm lens on both ends of the focal lengths. In order to understand the comparative fields of view yielded by an EF-S and an EF lens on an APS-C camera body in terms of the same field of view on a full frame/35mm camera, **you must multiply the focal length of *both* lenses by the 1.6X crop factor.**
Your EF-S 55-250mm f/4-5.6 IS lens gives an FoV equivalent to an 88-400mm lens on a FF camera.
An EF 70-200mm f/4 (or any other 70-200mm lens) mounted on your Canon APS-C camera gives an FoV equivalent to a 112-320mm lens mounted on a FF camera. What the 70-200mm "L" Series lenses give you is significantly better image quality and wider, constant apertures. The faster *speed* of a wide aperture telephoto lens is vital when shooting action or sports under challenging lighting.
A 70-300mm telephoto lens mounted on your Canon APS-C camera would give you an equivalent FoV of a 112-480mm lens mounted on a FF camera. But most 70-300mm lenses are not much, if any, better optically than the 55-250mm lens you already have. They also usually have the same f/4-5.6 slower variable aperture.
For more, please see [Why do Full Frame lenses and crop body lenses exhibit the same crop factor when used on a crop body camera?](https://photo.stackexchange.com/questions/38899/why-do-full-frame-lenses-and-crop-body-lenses-exhibit-the-same-crop-factor-when/38915#38915)
For more on the optical differences between the EF 55-250mm f/4-5.6 IS II, the EF 70-300mm f/4-5.6 IS, and the Canon 70-200mm "L" series lenses,please see [this answer](https://photo.stackexchange.com/a/45326/15871) to [What improvements I could expect upgrading from Canon EF 55-250mm IS to a Canon 70 - 300mm?](https://photo.stackexchange.com/questions/45322/what-improvements-i-could-expect-upgrading-from-canon-ef-55-250mm-is-to-a-canon/45326#45326) (Hint: Not a whole lot) | A full-frame lens of any focal length (let's say 200mm) and an APS-C lens of the same focal length (i.e. 200mm) are the same (in this context). The difference is only in the size of the 'image circle' that the lens projects; the full-frame lens projects a larger image circle to cover the larger size of the full-frame sensor.
So in your comparison, there are no complications like having to multiply one lens by some crop factor and not the other. A 200mm lens is a 200mm lens. A 55-250mm lens has a wider/longer range than a 70-200mm lens. The entire range of the 70-200mm lens falls within a portion of the range of the 55-250mm lens. |
80,503 | I know it has been asked before, but I'm still not sure if I understand the focal length issues of EF-lenses on APSC cameras in Canon system. I already have the EF-S 55-250 IS STM and I'd like to buy a longer telephoto - if I get the EF 70-200 will it give me effectively more range than EF-S 55-250 (200 x 1.6 = 320 mm)? | 2016/07/27 | [
"https://photo.stackexchange.com/questions/80503",
"https://photo.stackexchange.com",
"https://photo.stackexchange.com/users/25592/"
] | A full-frame lens of any focal length (let's say 200mm) and an APS-C lens of the same focal length (i.e. 200mm) are the same (in this context). The difference is only in the size of the 'image circle' that the lens projects; the full-frame lens projects a larger image circle to cover the larger size of the full-frame sensor.
So in your comparison, there are no complications like having to multiply one lens by some crop factor and not the other. A 200mm lens is a 200mm lens. A 55-250mm lens has a wider/longer range than a 70-200mm lens. The entire range of the 70-200mm lens falls within a portion of the range of the 55-250mm lens. | No, it'll give you a smaller range. The numbers quoted on any system camera lens are the actual focal length, not the equivalent.
You can get a longer range with a 70-300mm fairly easily, but the difference won't be huge - you'd barely notice it in reality. More than that is available but expensive and heavy.
I'd suggest you'll do best by looking at the subjects you're interested in shooting, then look at examples of that sort of photography on Flickr and review their EXIF to see how they've been taken. Better fieldcraft and practice, hard work as that can be, is likely to be your best answer. |
13,458,053 | I build HTML5/CSS3 websites that are cross-browser compliant and responsive. My clients want the ability to edit text areas and upload new stories into the news section and images to the photo gallery. What is my best option to continue building (clean, SEO friendly) websites while giving my clients the option to update the website themselves?
I have looked into the likes of a CMS like joomla and drupal and they seem heavily dependent on templates which scares me. Is it just a case of pasting my php-includes and css files into system that builds my unique 'template'? Other CMS options; cushycms and pagelime seem more along the lines of what I'm looking for but appear to edit existing text only?
In a nutshell; I want to keep my existing designs and simply make them editable. | 2012/11/19 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/13458053",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1723908/"
] | Sorry for the blatant self-promotion, but feel I have to chime in.
I'm the CEO of [Webpop](http://www.webpop.com), a fully hosted CMS that's made with frontend developers and web designers in mind.
We built Webpop exactly for solving this problem and have done a lot of work on making sure that you can keep your HTML/CSS and javascript exactly as it appears in your static mockup when building a site with Webpop.
We have two completely separate UIs, one for you, where we've done our best to make it as easy as we can to let you work directly with the HTML, CSS and javascript. And one for your clients, that's just a simple on-site editor where they can update the part of the site that's dynamic content. | I would opt for a MVC framework. You can find all information about all different frameworks [here](http://www.phpframeworks.com/).
The advantage of this is that you can keep your HTML5/CSS3 as the "views" while moving the business logic to controllers and models of your MVC framework. I personally used CakePHP and CodeIgniter. The latter is very easy to use and will be very simple to set up. |
13,458,053 | I build HTML5/CSS3 websites that are cross-browser compliant and responsive. My clients want the ability to edit text areas and upload new stories into the news section and images to the photo gallery. What is my best option to continue building (clean, SEO friendly) websites while giving my clients the option to update the website themselves?
I have looked into the likes of a CMS like joomla and drupal and they seem heavily dependent on templates which scares me. Is it just a case of pasting my php-includes and css files into system that builds my unique 'template'? Other CMS options; cushycms and pagelime seem more along the lines of what I'm looking for but appear to edit existing text only?
In a nutshell; I want to keep my existing designs and simply make them editable. | 2012/11/19 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/13458053",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1723908/"
] | Sorry for the blatant self-promotion, but feel I have to chime in.
I'm the CEO of [Webpop](http://www.webpop.com), a fully hosted CMS that's made with frontend developers and web designers in mind.
We built Webpop exactly for solving this problem and have done a lot of work on making sure that you can keep your HTML/CSS and javascript exactly as it appears in your static mockup when building a site with Webpop.
We have two completely separate UIs, one for you, where we've done our best to make it as easy as we can to let you work directly with the HTML, CSS and javascript. And one for your clients, that's just a simple on-site editor where they can update the part of the site that's dynamic content. | I have found Get Simple CMS <http://get-simple.info/> to be great for this. It PHP based but doesn't require a database. It comes with a few templates, but it's not too tricky to edit or create your own template from your CSS and HTML. |
13,458,053 | I build HTML5/CSS3 websites that are cross-browser compliant and responsive. My clients want the ability to edit text areas and upload new stories into the news section and images to the photo gallery. What is my best option to continue building (clean, SEO friendly) websites while giving my clients the option to update the website themselves?
I have looked into the likes of a CMS like joomla and drupal and they seem heavily dependent on templates which scares me. Is it just a case of pasting my php-includes and css files into system that builds my unique 'template'? Other CMS options; cushycms and pagelime seem more along the lines of what I'm looking for but appear to edit existing text only?
In a nutshell; I want to keep my existing designs and simply make them editable. | 2012/11/19 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/13458053",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1723908/"
] | Sorry for the blatant self-promotion, but feel I have to chime in.
I'm the CEO of [Webpop](http://www.webpop.com), a fully hosted CMS that's made with frontend developers and web designers in mind.
We built Webpop exactly for solving this problem and have done a lot of work on making sure that you can keep your HTML/CSS and javascript exactly as it appears in your static mockup when building a site with Webpop.
We have two completely separate UIs, one for you, where we've done our best to make it as easy as we can to let you work directly with the HTML, CSS and javascript. And one for your clients, that's just a simple on-site editor where they can update the part of the site that's dynamic content. | I always liked Perch for exactly this kind of stuff. Editable fields, real simple stuff. However I eventually did migrate to Wordpress, simply because my clients started demanding more blog-life features. If the sites you build are going to remain simple, Perch is quite wonderful.
<http://grabaperch.com/> |
13,458,053 | I build HTML5/CSS3 websites that are cross-browser compliant and responsive. My clients want the ability to edit text areas and upload new stories into the news section and images to the photo gallery. What is my best option to continue building (clean, SEO friendly) websites while giving my clients the option to update the website themselves?
I have looked into the likes of a CMS like joomla and drupal and they seem heavily dependent on templates which scares me. Is it just a case of pasting my php-includes and css files into system that builds my unique 'template'? Other CMS options; cushycms and pagelime seem more along the lines of what I'm looking for but appear to edit existing text only?
In a nutshell; I want to keep my existing designs and simply make them editable. | 2012/11/19 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/13458053",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1723908/"
] | Sorry for the blatant self-promotion, but feel I have to chime in.
I'm the CEO of [Webpop](http://www.webpop.com), a fully hosted CMS that's made with frontend developers and web designers in mind.
We built Webpop exactly for solving this problem and have done a lot of work on making sure that you can keep your HTML/CSS and javascript exactly as it appears in your static mockup when building a site with Webpop.
We have two completely separate UIs, one for you, where we've done our best to make it as easy as we can to let you work directly with the HTML, CSS and javascript. And one for your clients, that's just a simple on-site editor where they can update the part of the site that's dynamic content. | Well basically i always use wordpress , it's not so hard to learn... you slice your site up into the areas you need ... the menu's are generated automatically as you add pages to your site . Wordpress also has lots of plug-ins wich are easy to implement . Wordpress is not only a blog , major sites use it for contentmanaging their website.
check it out at [Wordpress.org](http://wordpress.org/) for learning to slice up your website there's a very nice guide, find it here : [Theming and CSS](http://codex.wordpress.org/Blog_Design_and_Layout) |
25,022,425 | 1. Push(): add an element into the collection.
2. Pop(): return and remove the minimal element from this collection.
3. Min(): return but do not remove the minimal element from this collection. | 2014/07/29 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/25022425",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1657564/"
] | Suppose such a data structure existed.
Then here is an O(n) comparison-based sorting algorithm:
1. Push() every item into this data structure.
2. Pop() them all off in sorted order.
No O(n) comparison-based sorting algorithm can exist, therefore no such data structure can exist. | Constant time push(), pop() and remove is possible in Stack. The below post demonstrates it:
[design a stack such that getMinimum( ) should be O(1)](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/685060/design-a-stack-such-that-getminimum-should-be-o1) |
719 | I found many answers to my deleted questions extremely useful and interesting.
Can't the copy of deleted threads be email-ed to all authors?
or authors be warned to backup them before deleting?
**Update:**
Failing to fit to very vaguely defined tematics/subjects of this board is not synonym of bad behavior.
Especially if all my related questions on the meaning and definitions of words (like language, usage, etc.) are being closed.
If questions do not fit in this board, the author would want to have the texts for posting elsewhere in more appropriate boards.
Update2:
I had superb answers to my question "Who was mockingbird", I loved them.
Why was it deleted without any warning?
This was the question on the figurative, idiomatic **usage (which is in the title of this board!) and meaning** of the word mockingbird in novel "To Kill a Mockingbird":
* Who were the innocences, personified by a mockingbird, that did "sing their hearts out for us"?
+ Collateral subquestion: How many were "a mocking bird"-s in the novel?
Why does not this question fit to FAQ of EN&U?
Why could not I keep copy for reposting in the more appropriate board?
The question remained unresolved to me and still haunts me.
**Update3:**
What is out EL&U in my deleted questions on meaning, usage and definitions of words:
* to Dick or not to dick or to whom?
* Scunthorpe clbuttical question
* Is sign/manual/body language for the deaf a language
? | 2011/02/19 | [
"https://english.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/719",
"https://english.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.meta.stackexchange.com/users/3085/"
] | If you're asking questions that are being deleted, you shouldn't be asking these questions in the first place. They're deleted because they don't belong here. Emailing the OP the original answers would only encourage the bad behavior. | No. If your questions are being deleted, that means they were not appropriate for the site and ultimately *should not have been asked here*.
If your posts are continually deleted and/or downvoted this is a strong sign you are in the wrong place. |
2,616,888 | I want to read web service data from a website and display it into my website.
i have these data:
* address: WebService/TsePublic.asmx
* service name : InstrumentDetailOneIns
* input parameters :UserName,Password,CIsin
is there any available code for use? | 2010/04/11 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2616888",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/169549/"
] | PHP has a native [SoapClient](http://php.net/manual/en/class.soapclient.php) extension. Failing that I would recommend the open-source [nuSoap](http://sourceforge.net/projects/nusoap/files/nusoap/0.7.3/nusoap-0.7.3.zip/download) package. | I see from the tags you are using PHP. The webservice you are talking about is .NET, you could use something similar as: <http://randompost.ca/random/php-calling-c-net-webservice/>
to get it to work. |
989 | >
> **Possible Duplicate:**
>
> [What was Stack Overflow built with?](https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/10369/what-was-stack-overflow-built-with)
>
>
>
Does anybody know which PHP script Super User is using? I plan to set-up a web site for college education issues. But I want it to have a script like superuser.com.
Where can I get this script? | 2009/10/17 | [
"https://meta.superuser.com/questions/989",
"https://meta.superuser.com",
"https://meta.superuser.com/users/-1/"
] | It's not PHP, it's ASP.NET.
See here: <http://blog.stackoverflow.com/2008/09/what-was-stack-overflow-built-with/> | As already mentioned, StackOverflow/ServerFault/SuperUser/... uses ASP.NET and the whole Microsoft Stack.
You might want to read the discussion about [SO clones](https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2267/so-clones) one meta.stackoverflow.com (which is where your question belongs IMHO). |
989 | >
> **Possible Duplicate:**
>
> [What was Stack Overflow built with?](https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/10369/what-was-stack-overflow-built-with)
>
>
>
Does anybody know which PHP script Super User is using? I plan to set-up a web site for college education issues. But I want it to have a script like superuser.com.
Where can I get this script? | 2009/10/17 | [
"https://meta.superuser.com/questions/989",
"https://meta.superuser.com",
"https://meta.superuser.com/users/-1/"
] | It's not PHP, it's ASP.NET.
See here: <http://blog.stackoverflow.com/2008/09/what-was-stack-overflow-built-with/> | Complex PHP websites are made of more than one script. A website *like* SU wouldn't be very difficult with PHP and a database, but SU was made with love :3
So, you want something like SU? Get learning PHP, it'll be great fun :) |
436,033 | I have the choice between:
1. 35x35mm GPS antenna 71% efficiency glonass, tested on 70x70 GND plane
60% gps
2. 25x25mm GPS antenna 83% GPS, 84% glonass, tested on 50x50 GND plane
I have read somewhere by a GPS manufacturer that antenna size is more important than efficiency but I feel doubtful about that. Would like to hear your thoughts. | 2019/04/29 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/436033",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/212712/"
] | In principle bigger is better *but* we are talking about a GHz signal here (I don't remember the exact frequency); since we are not talking about short antennas (in the electrical sense) I think that matching and a proper lobe would be more important than raw size.
I guess that being bigger *should* have a slightly better gain | Everything else being equal (same type of antenna, same gain...), a 35x35 mm antenna should receive nearly twice the power compared to a 25x25 mm antenna. That means that even if the smaller one is slightly more efficient, the larger one still results in a much higher output power.
But there are lots of other parameters that may affect the performance of antennas. Your best bet is to test both antennas in the same conditions (preferably in a wide set of conditions) to see which one actually performs best (in each case, possibly).
Of course, beyond the performance of the antenna, there may be other considerations such as overall size, cost, ease of integration, etc. As noted in your quote, the measurements are based on the use of a pretty large ground plane, which may or may not fit in your application, for instance. |
4,432,040 | Without getting into details, I am updating ID3 tags outside of iTunes and would like to import all of that data into iTunes. Before iTunes 10 I was able to select all songs and click "Get Info" - this would automatically pull all the updated ID3 tags for every song. It seems like the only way to do that now is to either play each song individually OR "Get Info" and continue pressing "Next" for every single song. I want to setup an action in Automator to do this for me. I have never used it before and am having some trouble with it. I would appreciate if somebody could give me a hand setting this up. Thank you!! | 2010/12/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4432040",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/460794/"
] | Found exactly what I needed here: <http://marv.kordix.com/archives/000860.html> It's an Applescript called "Refresh Selected Tags". You select whatever songs you want and click "Refresh Selected Tags" - simple as that! | how about trying this with a few songs first:
select the songs, right click and select 'convert id3 tags'. select the most recent version.
not sure if that will work.
otherwise make a new automator workflow, press the record button at the top, switch to itunes press command+i (get info) then command+n (next button), then stop the workflow recording.
you'll see automator made a new action called 'watch me do'. test it out. if this works, try holding option and dragging the command+n part of the action underneath it to duplicate it. you can then select both and duplicate those, then duplicate the 4 you have and so on. you should have a long list of command+n. then, in itunes select the song you want to start from and then press play in automator. |
80,368 | Honestly, I thought this was a stupid question until I [interacted with another user](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5092182/java-object-creation-vs-string-parsing/5092293#5092293) on a particular question. The question is, should users vote on answers? If so, why? This other user claims to have a policy for himself to never vote, arguing that leaving a quality comment is sufficient. Is this the case? | 2011/02/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/80368",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/156526/"
] | The [vote up privilege page](https://stackoverflow.com/help/privileges/vote-up) explains it pretty well, and there's a [blog entry](https://stackoverflow.blog/2010/10/19/vote-early-vote-often/) about voting in general that applies to answers. Besides rewarding people who post good answers (which encourages them to post more good answers), probably the most important reason is to sort the answers by quality. Answers are defaultly sorted by votes:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/zPO9O.png)
By upvoting the best answers, you're ensuring people see the most helpful information immediately; similarly by downvoting wrong answers you indicate that they're wrong and push them below more helpful posts | If no one votes how are other users going to know what are the good answers and perhaps more importantly what are the bad answers?
As @jjnguy points out it shows that at least one other set of eyes has seen and reviewed the answer. It's a form of peer review as well as being a rating system. The default view is for answers to be sorted by votes so the most highly voted answer (and therefore hopefully the most correct one) is right there under the question for others to find easily.
People won't read all of the comments so won't see a "this is a good answer" comment. |
80,368 | Honestly, I thought this was a stupid question until I [interacted with another user](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5092182/java-object-creation-vs-string-parsing/5092293#5092293) on a particular question. The question is, should users vote on answers? If so, why? This other user claims to have a policy for himself to never vote, arguing that leaving a quality comment is sufficient. Is this the case? | 2011/02/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/80368",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/156526/"
] | **Voting is probably the third most important aspect of the site.** (Right behind asking and answering)
Voting is important because it shows that other people have 'vetted' the answer. Anyone can post an answer on the site, so how do we know if it is any good? By the votes it gets.
Voting changes the order that answers appear below a question. It helps the best answer bubble up to the top of a list of mediocre answers. This way, when someone finds the question through Google, they can immediately see which answer was the best. This helps separate Stack Overflow from the general forum. | If no one votes how are other users going to know what are the good answers and perhaps more importantly what are the bad answers?
As @jjnguy points out it shows that at least one other set of eyes has seen and reviewed the answer. It's a form of peer review as well as being a rating system. The default view is for answers to be sorted by votes so the most highly voted answer (and therefore hopefully the most correct one) is right there under the question for others to find easily.
People won't read all of the comments so won't see a "this is a good answer" comment. |
80,368 | Honestly, I thought this was a stupid question until I [interacted with another user](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5092182/java-object-creation-vs-string-parsing/5092293#5092293) on a particular question. The question is, should users vote on answers? If so, why? This other user claims to have a policy for himself to never vote, arguing that leaving a quality comment is sufficient. Is this the case? | 2011/02/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/80368",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/156526/"
] | If no one votes how are other users going to know what are the good answers and perhaps more importantly what are the bad answers?
As @jjnguy points out it shows that at least one other set of eyes has seen and reviewed the answer. It's a form of peer review as well as being a rating system. The default view is for answers to be sorted by votes so the most highly voted answer (and therefore hopefully the most correct one) is right there under the question for others to find easily.
People won't read all of the comments so won't see a "this is a good answer" comment. | I find myself agreeing with this somewhat:
>
> Actually I strongly disagree about the (2), many (if not most) people who can vote doesn't know the right answer which is a major issue.
>
>
>
I don't think it's *most* voters who don't know the right answer, but this is the reason why I personally don't use all my votes every day. I just don't know enough to cast an informed vote on that many things.
However, if I know enough to leave a comment, then I've probably done enough testing and checking to cast a vote. |
80,368 | Honestly, I thought this was a stupid question until I [interacted with another user](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5092182/java-object-creation-vs-string-parsing/5092293#5092293) on a particular question. The question is, should users vote on answers? If so, why? This other user claims to have a policy for himself to never vote, arguing that leaving a quality comment is sufficient. Is this the case? | 2011/02/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/80368",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/156526/"
] | If no one votes how are other users going to know what are the good answers and perhaps more importantly what are the bad answers?
As @jjnguy points out it shows that at least one other set of eyes has seen and reviewed the answer. It's a form of peer review as well as being a rating system. The default view is for answers to be sorted by votes so the most highly voted answer (and therefore hopefully the most correct one) is right there under the question for others to find easily.
People won't read all of the comments so won't see a "this is a good answer" comment. | I've decided to answer, despite being absolutely unwilling to go into a political (which voting is) argument.
For starters, I am the original user who doesn't vote.
Why? I see no reason to.
Most importantly: votes are anonymous. So there is exactly zero motivation on my part to cheer up based on whether the crowd likes or not. I don't care about whether the answer is popular or not; I care about whether it's correct or not. If it's not correct, someone will remark on what is wrong with it.
A signed message praising the answer could be a bonus, but it ends there. Constructive criticism is just as welcome.
Now back to the anonymity part: I dare say, nowadays, most developers and people coming to this site are mediocre (at best) developers. I have no experience with the sister sites. Not all, but most. I don't wish to insult anyone personally. It's just what happened to the software business in the last two decades. The sheer amount of downright not-smart questions is evidence.
There is some truth in selecting a good answer if you have fallen upon the question via some search and it's not your own. A highly scored answer could be good, yet I see every day a double-digit number of answers that are not exactly correct or that have shortcomings. So, my advice would be that if you see a question was well asked, take your time and read everything. If one cannot figure out what the correct answer should be, and why, based on the entire discussion, one would be better off changing professions.
Not voting comes with extra political reasoning about how the "likes"/positive votes/&c. are calculated. They are not weighted in any shape or form. Numbers/masses make nothing right or wrong to boot. There is a high chance people being massively right on a common question but rare to none of some specifics, if the best case there will be an external article topic that might have been read and stating some 'facts' people follow. It does not make it inherently correct.
Voting has become the norm on many websites, and society as a whole, but I fail to embrace it. If I believe something is useful, I prefer to be more human and chime in with some words.
There is more to say on this subject, but this post is long enough and probably reading-unfriendly, regardless of my intent to make it parsable.
Extra bonus for not voting: it reduces energy consumption and saves green trees/oil/uranium, whatever :D
Thanks and cheers!
(Ah, and yes, community wiki is an awesome option, it reduces the flux of positive reputation on the site) |
80,368 | Honestly, I thought this was a stupid question until I [interacted with another user](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5092182/java-object-creation-vs-string-parsing/5092293#5092293) on a particular question. The question is, should users vote on answers? If so, why? This other user claims to have a policy for himself to never vote, arguing that leaving a quality comment is sufficient. Is this the case? | 2011/02/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/80368",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/156526/"
] | **Voting is probably the third most important aspect of the site.** (Right behind asking and answering)
Voting is important because it shows that other people have 'vetted' the answer. Anyone can post an answer on the site, so how do we know if it is any good? By the votes it gets.
Voting changes the order that answers appear below a question. It helps the best answer bubble up to the top of a list of mediocre answers. This way, when someone finds the question through Google, they can immediately see which answer was the best. This helps separate Stack Overflow from the general forum. | The [vote up privilege page](https://stackoverflow.com/help/privileges/vote-up) explains it pretty well, and there's a [blog entry](https://stackoverflow.blog/2010/10/19/vote-early-vote-often/) about voting in general that applies to answers. Besides rewarding people who post good answers (which encourages them to post more good answers), probably the most important reason is to sort the answers by quality. Answers are defaultly sorted by votes:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/zPO9O.png)
By upvoting the best answers, you're ensuring people see the most helpful information immediately; similarly by downvoting wrong answers you indicate that they're wrong and push them below more helpful posts |
80,368 | Honestly, I thought this was a stupid question until I [interacted with another user](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5092182/java-object-creation-vs-string-parsing/5092293#5092293) on a particular question. The question is, should users vote on answers? If so, why? This other user claims to have a policy for himself to never vote, arguing that leaving a quality comment is sufficient. Is this the case? | 2011/02/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/80368",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/156526/"
] | The [vote up privilege page](https://stackoverflow.com/help/privileges/vote-up) explains it pretty well, and there's a [blog entry](https://stackoverflow.blog/2010/10/19/vote-early-vote-often/) about voting in general that applies to answers. Besides rewarding people who post good answers (which encourages them to post more good answers), probably the most important reason is to sort the answers by quality. Answers are defaultly sorted by votes:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/zPO9O.png)
By upvoting the best answers, you're ensuring people see the most helpful information immediately; similarly by downvoting wrong answers you indicate that they're wrong and push them below more helpful posts | I find myself agreeing with this somewhat:
>
> Actually I strongly disagree about the (2), many (if not most) people who can vote doesn't know the right answer which is a major issue.
>
>
>
I don't think it's *most* voters who don't know the right answer, but this is the reason why I personally don't use all my votes every day. I just don't know enough to cast an informed vote on that many things.
However, if I know enough to leave a comment, then I've probably done enough testing and checking to cast a vote. |
80,368 | Honestly, I thought this was a stupid question until I [interacted with another user](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5092182/java-object-creation-vs-string-parsing/5092293#5092293) on a particular question. The question is, should users vote on answers? If so, why? This other user claims to have a policy for himself to never vote, arguing that leaving a quality comment is sufficient. Is this the case? | 2011/02/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/80368",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/156526/"
] | The [vote up privilege page](https://stackoverflow.com/help/privileges/vote-up) explains it pretty well, and there's a [blog entry](https://stackoverflow.blog/2010/10/19/vote-early-vote-often/) about voting in general that applies to answers. Besides rewarding people who post good answers (which encourages them to post more good answers), probably the most important reason is to sort the answers by quality. Answers are defaultly sorted by votes:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/zPO9O.png)
By upvoting the best answers, you're ensuring people see the most helpful information immediately; similarly by downvoting wrong answers you indicate that they're wrong and push them below more helpful posts | I've decided to answer, despite being absolutely unwilling to go into a political (which voting is) argument.
For starters, I am the original user who doesn't vote.
Why? I see no reason to.
Most importantly: votes are anonymous. So there is exactly zero motivation on my part to cheer up based on whether the crowd likes or not. I don't care about whether the answer is popular or not; I care about whether it's correct or not. If it's not correct, someone will remark on what is wrong with it.
A signed message praising the answer could be a bonus, but it ends there. Constructive criticism is just as welcome.
Now back to the anonymity part: I dare say, nowadays, most developers and people coming to this site are mediocre (at best) developers. I have no experience with the sister sites. Not all, but most. I don't wish to insult anyone personally. It's just what happened to the software business in the last two decades. The sheer amount of downright not-smart questions is evidence.
There is some truth in selecting a good answer if you have fallen upon the question via some search and it's not your own. A highly scored answer could be good, yet I see every day a double-digit number of answers that are not exactly correct or that have shortcomings. So, my advice would be that if you see a question was well asked, take your time and read everything. If one cannot figure out what the correct answer should be, and why, based on the entire discussion, one would be better off changing professions.
Not voting comes with extra political reasoning about how the "likes"/positive votes/&c. are calculated. They are not weighted in any shape or form. Numbers/masses make nothing right or wrong to boot. There is a high chance people being massively right on a common question but rare to none of some specifics, if the best case there will be an external article topic that might have been read and stating some 'facts' people follow. It does not make it inherently correct.
Voting has become the norm on many websites, and society as a whole, but I fail to embrace it. If I believe something is useful, I prefer to be more human and chime in with some words.
There is more to say on this subject, but this post is long enough and probably reading-unfriendly, regardless of my intent to make it parsable.
Extra bonus for not voting: it reduces energy consumption and saves green trees/oil/uranium, whatever :D
Thanks and cheers!
(Ah, and yes, community wiki is an awesome option, it reduces the flux of positive reputation on the site) |
80,368 | Honestly, I thought this was a stupid question until I [interacted with another user](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5092182/java-object-creation-vs-string-parsing/5092293#5092293) on a particular question. The question is, should users vote on answers? If so, why? This other user claims to have a policy for himself to never vote, arguing that leaving a quality comment is sufficient. Is this the case? | 2011/02/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/80368",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/156526/"
] | **Voting is probably the third most important aspect of the site.** (Right behind asking and answering)
Voting is important because it shows that other people have 'vetted' the answer. Anyone can post an answer on the site, so how do we know if it is any good? By the votes it gets.
Voting changes the order that answers appear below a question. It helps the best answer bubble up to the top of a list of mediocre answers. This way, when someone finds the question through Google, they can immediately see which answer was the best. This helps separate Stack Overflow from the general forum. | I find myself agreeing with this somewhat:
>
> Actually I strongly disagree about the (2), many (if not most) people who can vote doesn't know the right answer which is a major issue.
>
>
>
I don't think it's *most* voters who don't know the right answer, but this is the reason why I personally don't use all my votes every day. I just don't know enough to cast an informed vote on that many things.
However, if I know enough to leave a comment, then I've probably done enough testing and checking to cast a vote. |
80,368 | Honestly, I thought this was a stupid question until I [interacted with another user](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5092182/java-object-creation-vs-string-parsing/5092293#5092293) on a particular question. The question is, should users vote on answers? If so, why? This other user claims to have a policy for himself to never vote, arguing that leaving a quality comment is sufficient. Is this the case? | 2011/02/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/80368",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/156526/"
] | **Voting is probably the third most important aspect of the site.** (Right behind asking and answering)
Voting is important because it shows that other people have 'vetted' the answer. Anyone can post an answer on the site, so how do we know if it is any good? By the votes it gets.
Voting changes the order that answers appear below a question. It helps the best answer bubble up to the top of a list of mediocre answers. This way, when someone finds the question through Google, they can immediately see which answer was the best. This helps separate Stack Overflow from the general forum. | I've decided to answer, despite being absolutely unwilling to go into a political (which voting is) argument.
For starters, I am the original user who doesn't vote.
Why? I see no reason to.
Most importantly: votes are anonymous. So there is exactly zero motivation on my part to cheer up based on whether the crowd likes or not. I don't care about whether the answer is popular or not; I care about whether it's correct or not. If it's not correct, someone will remark on what is wrong with it.
A signed message praising the answer could be a bonus, but it ends there. Constructive criticism is just as welcome.
Now back to the anonymity part: I dare say, nowadays, most developers and people coming to this site are mediocre (at best) developers. I have no experience with the sister sites. Not all, but most. I don't wish to insult anyone personally. It's just what happened to the software business in the last two decades. The sheer amount of downright not-smart questions is evidence.
There is some truth in selecting a good answer if you have fallen upon the question via some search and it's not your own. A highly scored answer could be good, yet I see every day a double-digit number of answers that are not exactly correct or that have shortcomings. So, my advice would be that if you see a question was well asked, take your time and read everything. If one cannot figure out what the correct answer should be, and why, based on the entire discussion, one would be better off changing professions.
Not voting comes with extra political reasoning about how the "likes"/positive votes/&c. are calculated. They are not weighted in any shape or form. Numbers/masses make nothing right or wrong to boot. There is a high chance people being massively right on a common question but rare to none of some specifics, if the best case there will be an external article topic that might have been read and stating some 'facts' people follow. It does not make it inherently correct.
Voting has become the norm on many websites, and society as a whole, but I fail to embrace it. If I believe something is useful, I prefer to be more human and chime in with some words.
There is more to say on this subject, but this post is long enough and probably reading-unfriendly, regardless of my intent to make it parsable.
Extra bonus for not voting: it reduces energy consumption and saves green trees/oil/uranium, whatever :D
Thanks and cheers!
(Ah, and yes, community wiki is an awesome option, it reduces the flux of positive reputation on the site) |
80,368 | Honestly, I thought this was a stupid question until I [interacted with another user](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5092182/java-object-creation-vs-string-parsing/5092293#5092293) on a particular question. The question is, should users vote on answers? If so, why? This other user claims to have a policy for himself to never vote, arguing that leaving a quality comment is sufficient. Is this the case? | 2011/02/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/80368",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/156526/"
] | I find myself agreeing with this somewhat:
>
> Actually I strongly disagree about the (2), many (if not most) people who can vote doesn't know the right answer which is a major issue.
>
>
>
I don't think it's *most* voters who don't know the right answer, but this is the reason why I personally don't use all my votes every day. I just don't know enough to cast an informed vote on that many things.
However, if I know enough to leave a comment, then I've probably done enough testing and checking to cast a vote. | I've decided to answer, despite being absolutely unwilling to go into a political (which voting is) argument.
For starters, I am the original user who doesn't vote.
Why? I see no reason to.
Most importantly: votes are anonymous. So there is exactly zero motivation on my part to cheer up based on whether the crowd likes or not. I don't care about whether the answer is popular or not; I care about whether it's correct or not. If it's not correct, someone will remark on what is wrong with it.
A signed message praising the answer could be a bonus, but it ends there. Constructive criticism is just as welcome.
Now back to the anonymity part: I dare say, nowadays, most developers and people coming to this site are mediocre (at best) developers. I have no experience with the sister sites. Not all, but most. I don't wish to insult anyone personally. It's just what happened to the software business in the last two decades. The sheer amount of downright not-smart questions is evidence.
There is some truth in selecting a good answer if you have fallen upon the question via some search and it's not your own. A highly scored answer could be good, yet I see every day a double-digit number of answers that are not exactly correct or that have shortcomings. So, my advice would be that if you see a question was well asked, take your time and read everything. If one cannot figure out what the correct answer should be, and why, based on the entire discussion, one would be better off changing professions.
Not voting comes with extra political reasoning about how the "likes"/positive votes/&c. are calculated. They are not weighted in any shape or form. Numbers/masses make nothing right or wrong to boot. There is a high chance people being massively right on a common question but rare to none of some specifics, if the best case there will be an external article topic that might have been read and stating some 'facts' people follow. It does not make it inherently correct.
Voting has become the norm on many websites, and society as a whole, but I fail to embrace it. If I believe something is useful, I prefer to be more human and chime in with some words.
There is more to say on this subject, but this post is long enough and probably reading-unfriendly, regardless of my intent to make it parsable.
Extra bonus for not voting: it reduces energy consumption and saves green trees/oil/uranium, whatever :D
Thanks and cheers!
(Ah, and yes, community wiki is an awesome option, it reduces the flux of positive reputation on the site) |
2,982 | Recently i came across this [question](https://drupal.stackexchange.com/questions/111991/how-to-turn-on-block-or-panel-from-old-site-to-the-new-one) where OP is unable to resolve his issue related to migration of view. It seems off topic for me.
He offered bounty of 20$ and asked to share contact information so that one can resolve his issue.
Is contact sharing allowed in Stack Exchange ? Do we encourage questions like above ? | 2014/05/03 | [
"https://drupal.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2982",
"https://drupal.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://drupal.meta.stackexchange.com/users/7372/"
] | You can share your contact information in the about me section of your profile, which people can obviously use if you choose to do so.
Facilitating that connection is not what the site is for, though, so comments like the one you mentioned are inappropriate. I've deleted it.
Regarding the question you linked to - it looks on topic to me, if a little vague.
The other question (<https://drupal.stackexchange.com/questions/112025/quick-job-for-experienced-drupal-guy-imoprting-data-from-view-to-new>, now deleted) is certainly off topic | To add what Clive said, offering money bounty is not in the spirit of Stack Exchange. If you see any user offering money, edit that part away from the question; it is something not strictly related to the question, and it should be removed. |
4,544,838 | In the [resolution comments](http://qc.embarcadero.com/wc/qcmain.aspx?rc=12266) for bug report [12266](http://qc.embarcadero.com/wc/qcmain.aspx?d=12266) ("Error on socket connect causes resource leak"), Robert Ehteshamzadeh wrote
>
> TClientSocket is deprecated. This
> report is left open to allow for
> suggested workarounds.
>
>
>
This was for Delphi 6. In later versions, TClientSocket and TServerSocket have not been installed in the Tool palette by default, but an installation instruction was [provided](http://support.codegear.com/en/article/36470).
Has this status changed since then, so that TClientSocket (and TServerSocket too) are now first-class members in the Delphi VCL again? I would like to use TClientSocket (as another TCP/IP library after Indy and Synapse) in some projects and could not find an official status information in the Embarcadero [DocWiki](http://docwiki.embarcadero.com/RADStudio/en/Main_Page).
(An official index of 'deprecated' classes / methods would be useful). | 2010/12/28 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4544838",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/80901/"
] | TClientSocket and TServerSocket use ineffective design based on Windows messages. This scheme was introduced in Windows 3.11 (or did it happen in 3.1?), when there was no true multitasking and multithreaded socket handling was impossible. Deprecation took place due to more powerful and high-performing solutions appeared on the component market (namely Indy, then other libraries). There's no sense to bring the old technology back to life though the components are still shipped. Moreover, I'd suggest Embarcadero to include some IOCP-based server socket implementation to be included, however, I guess server sockets are not in the scope of interest for Embarcadero now. | Well, it depends on what you call deprecated. If "no longer included in any of the source folders" counts as being deprecated, then yes, it is still deprecated (D2009).
**Update**
The source for TClientSocket and TServerSocket is actually present. @mjn and @Eugene pointed me towards it. Just goes to show once again that not finding something with Windows search doesn't mean it isn't there. It may just lurk in a file with an extension that Windows considers "un-search-able" because a search filter has not been defined for it... (Thought I had it set up for .pas files, but turns out that was on another of my machines).
But I guess that doesn't detract from it still being deprecated... |
4,544,838 | In the [resolution comments](http://qc.embarcadero.com/wc/qcmain.aspx?rc=12266) for bug report [12266](http://qc.embarcadero.com/wc/qcmain.aspx?d=12266) ("Error on socket connect causes resource leak"), Robert Ehteshamzadeh wrote
>
> TClientSocket is deprecated. This
> report is left open to allow for
> suggested workarounds.
>
>
>
This was for Delphi 6. In later versions, TClientSocket and TServerSocket have not been installed in the Tool palette by default, but an installation instruction was [provided](http://support.codegear.com/en/article/36470).
Has this status changed since then, so that TClientSocket (and TServerSocket too) are now first-class members in the Delphi VCL again? I would like to use TClientSocket (as another TCP/IP library after Indy and Synapse) in some projects and could not find an official status information in the Embarcadero [DocWiki](http://docwiki.embarcadero.com/RADStudio/en/Main_Page).
(An official index of 'deprecated' classes / methods would be useful). | 2010/12/28 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4544838",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/80901/"
] | To answer your question specifically:
Yes, TClientSocket and TServerSocket are still deprecated, and I can't imagine that this situation will change. | Well, it depends on what you call deprecated. If "no longer included in any of the source folders" counts as being deprecated, then yes, it is still deprecated (D2009).
**Update**
The source for TClientSocket and TServerSocket is actually present. @mjn and @Eugene pointed me towards it. Just goes to show once again that not finding something with Windows search doesn't mean it isn't there. It may just lurk in a file with an extension that Windows considers "un-search-able" because a search filter has not been defined for it... (Thought I had it set up for .pas files, but turns out that was on another of my machines).
But I guess that doesn't detract from it still being deprecated... |
4,544,838 | In the [resolution comments](http://qc.embarcadero.com/wc/qcmain.aspx?rc=12266) for bug report [12266](http://qc.embarcadero.com/wc/qcmain.aspx?d=12266) ("Error on socket connect causes resource leak"), Robert Ehteshamzadeh wrote
>
> TClientSocket is deprecated. This
> report is left open to allow for
> suggested workarounds.
>
>
>
This was for Delphi 6. In later versions, TClientSocket and TServerSocket have not been installed in the Tool palette by default, but an installation instruction was [provided](http://support.codegear.com/en/article/36470).
Has this status changed since then, so that TClientSocket (and TServerSocket too) are now first-class members in the Delphi VCL again? I would like to use TClientSocket (as another TCP/IP library after Indy and Synapse) in some projects and could not find an official status information in the Embarcadero [DocWiki](http://docwiki.embarcadero.com/RADStudio/en/Main_Page).
(An official index of 'deprecated' classes / methods would be useful). | 2010/12/28 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/4544838",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/80901/"
] | To answer your question specifically:
Yes, TClientSocket and TServerSocket are still deprecated, and I can't imagine that this situation will change. | TClientSocket and TServerSocket use ineffective design based on Windows messages. This scheme was introduced in Windows 3.11 (or did it happen in 3.1?), when there was no true multitasking and multithreaded socket handling was impossible. Deprecation took place due to more powerful and high-performing solutions appeared on the component market (namely Indy, then other libraries). There's no sense to bring the old technology back to life though the components are still shipped. Moreover, I'd suggest Embarcadero to include some IOCP-based server socket implementation to be included, however, I guess server sockets are not in the scope of interest for Embarcadero now. |
21,660 | I am trying to use my MS plan for resource calculations.
What I want is to put a few resources against a task based on their different % allocations and want the MS project to automatically calculate the total duration of the task.
Example:
I have resource A available 50% and resource B available 50%.
My initial estimations say that the total amount of effort required is 30 days.
How do i set it up? | 2017/05/24 | [
"https://pm.stackexchange.com/questions/21660",
"https://pm.stackexchange.com",
"https://pm.stackexchange.com/users/28640/"
] | I am going to answer this question in a completely different way. My answer will not technically answer your question but may provide you with another alternative in building your schedule.
First, I prefer to keep all / most of my work packages as fixed duration since in most cases we as PMs have to communicate a firm delivery date. So managing to duration seems more intuitive to me. Second, MSProject will calculate your duration off of work and resource availability assuming a perfect resource elasticity. It will calculate it the exact same way no matter the work and, unfortunately, tasks have varying degrees of elasticity. So allowing MS Project to calculate this for you will very likely give you erroneous indications of duration. Third, your schedule will be perfectly "leveled" just at the time you punch your baseline; it will be perfectly unleveled thereafter. So worrying about ensuring your resources are not over- or under-allocated is kind of a waste.
Instead, estimate using min, max, and most likely values for both work and duration with the assumptions of your talent at specific utilization levels. In other words, in your example above, you know that talent A is 50% and talent B is 50%. So I might arrive at 200, 450, 800 hours; 20, 40, 80 days as my estimates and choose to use 460 hours and 42 days as my planning values.
I would load the schedule with this task as fixed duration, load the resources against it, and then plug manually the 460 hours and 42 days in the work and duration fields. I would repeat this until all my work is loaded and then run an analysis to find resource over- and under-allocations. I would then modify and fine tune as necessary to get the talent as close to their allowable work levels as possible. I don't allow project to auto level my schedule.
The end result is, you have the hours you want, the duration and delivery dates you want, and the resources are reasonably close to their allowed work schedule. Once the project starts and you load actuals, the allocations of your team will go up and down constantly and you will find it is not worth it to chase it. Their work constraints will simply be an input into your estimation of remaining work as you move along the timeline. | First, define the task type as "Fixed work". This is done in the "Advanced" tab of the task information dialog (that appears by double-clicking the task). Alternatively, you can add the "Type" column to any tasks table in order to define the task type directly there. This action tells MS Project to calculate either duration or resource allocation but keep the task's total work hours fixed.
Second, you must enter the total work hours for the task. Work is usually specified in hours, so you can capture "240 h", which are equivalent to 30 work-days (assuming 8-hour days). Remember to capture **total effort**. Also, note that the task field "Work" is not included in the entry table by default, so you will need to insert the "work" column in the table view.
Third, assign the resources. According to the resources' calendars and max capacity, the task's duration should be calculated.
*Note*: Be careful! If you modify the % capacity for the assigned resources, it is possible that MS Project distributes the work unevenly to each resource. You can fix this, however, by using the "Task Usage" view and adjusting manually the assigned work for each resource.
Hope this helps. |
9,464 | We know [why Han Solo had to pay off Jabba](https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/9460/why-did-han-solo-have-to-pay-off-jabba).
But [*Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back*](http://Star%20Wars%20Episode%20V:%20The%20Empire%20Strikes%20Back) is set **three years** after the destruction of the Death Star, but Han Solo hadn't paid Jabba yet. Why? | 2012/01/21 | [
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/9464",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/users/45/"
] | **UPDATE from New Disney Canon**
According to "*Heir to the Jedi*" book by Kevin Hearne, they "lost" the money (new canon didn't elaborate how, as of yet):
>
> Han and Chewie are off somewhere trying to earn enough credits to pay off Jabba the Hutt. **They lost all their reward money from the Battle of Yavin** and they’re back to being broke and desperate — the galaxy should beware.
>
>
>
**OLD ANSWER:**
I don't recall exact canon quotes from EU, but basically, he threw in with the rebellion and no longer had the time to fly around doing smuggling to earn that kind of Mad Moneyz.
And felt that it'd be inappropriate to take from Leia (as far as payment for delivering Luke to Alderaan), what with him trying to get into her pants and all. Would NOT be a smooth move, even for PUA like Han :) | According to *Scoundrels* by Timothy Zahn, he got jacked by pirates shortly after Yavin. |
9,464 | We know [why Han Solo had to pay off Jabba](https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/9460/why-did-han-solo-have-to-pay-off-jabba).
But [*Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back*](http://Star%20Wars%20Episode%20V:%20The%20Empire%20Strikes%20Back) is set **three years** after the destruction of the Death Star, but Han Solo hadn't paid Jabba yet. Why? | 2012/01/21 | [
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/9464",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/users/45/"
] | Jabba was a drug lord but only in a relative backwater like Tatooine. With the Imperial Navy gunning after Han and his merry band, Han probably thought it reasonable that he'd never have to deal with the likes of Jabba again. Too bad for him that Vader took a play right out of the CIA handbook. | According to *Scoundrels* by Timothy Zahn, he got jacked by pirates shortly after Yavin. |
8,695 | I am having below href , unable to call test function in scholarship(component) controller,this href redirects to same page
<http://192.168.1.9/joomla2/administrator/index.php?option=com_scholarships&task=scholarships/test> | 2015/02/19 | [
"https://joomla.stackexchange.com/questions/8695",
"https://joomla.stackexchange.com",
"https://joomla.stackexchange.com/users/3713/"
] | The controller function test is called like this:
index.php?option=com\_scholarships&task=**scholarships.test** | Joomla mostly works with POST form actions. For instance, task buttons have a tiny JavaScript to submit a POST. Addtionally , most forms also submit a token for security.
To sum up, you cannot craft an Url to test a controller. At least, you have to define an action button in the toolbar. |
21,076,009 | We plan to do some performance test on a web site hosted on some Amazon EC2 instances. The question is, if all the HTTP traffic come from the same IP addresses (say, in the case of many different client hosts sharing the same public IP), will the EC2 loadbalancer forward all traffic to only one of the web servers (instances)? | 2014/01/12 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/21076009",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/893185/"
] | This used to be a problem due to DNS caching by clients indeed (see my answer to [Can Elastic Load Balancers correctly distribute traffic to different size instances](https://serverfault.com/a/386527/10305) for more on the previous state of affairs), but has mostly been remedied apparently with the recent introduction of [Elastic Load Balancing [...] Cross-Zone Load Balancing](http://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/whats-new/2013/11/06/elastic-load-balancing-adds-cross-zone-load-balancing/):
>
> We are pleased to announce support for cross-zone load balancing, **which changes the way that Elastic Load Balancing (ELB) routes incoming requests**, making it even easier for you to deploy applications across multiple Availability Zones. *[emphasis mine]*
>
>
>
The announcements provides a bit more information already, but links to [Request Routing](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/ElasticLoadBalancing/latest/DeveloperGuide/TerminologyandKeyConcepts.html#request-routing) for details:
>
> If you enable cross-zone load balancing, you no longer have to worry that clients caching DNS information will result in requests being distributed unevenly. And now, **ELB ensures that requests are distributed equally to your back-end instances** regardless of the Availability Zone in which they are located. *[emphasis mine]*
>
>
>
This still doesn't outline the exact algorithm used, but the main source of uneven distribution seems to be addressed like so (I have read a post by a large AWS customer recently, who reported their metrics becoming a more or less flat curve after flipping the switch on this, but don't recall the URL right now). | This has been the case in the past, I presume it still may be an issue. Its not so much that it will forward all traffic to a single instance, but it can send all traffic to a single zone.
The ELB does some load balancing with DNS round robin. A cached DNS lookup, could result in multiple requests being routed to the same zone. |
19,732,699 | My tool needs to intake data from an EPIC EMR. My understanding is that the hospital can write a script that will push the data to a secure FTP, where I can pull the data down and load it into my system. Is this correct? Also - my understanding is that this data will be in HL7 - is this correct? Thank you for your help! | 2013/11/01 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/19732699",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/2945927/"
] | Firstly , befor pulling data from a hospital EMR get an approval with the hospital's **CMO, CIO, CMIO** (if they have one) and **HIPAA** officials.
(**HL7** support is a core requirement of every inpatient **EMR RFP**.)
Two examples: (1) Cerner runs on Oracle and provides both **HL7** support and an **API** to an abstract data layer, but not to the Oracle base tables, and
(2) Epic runs on a MUMPS backend, provides **HL7** support, but does not allow direct access to the MUMPS globals.
Once you have the proper permissions and authorizations in place, work with the hospital's IT staff to coordinate real-time **HL7** connections between your system and the hospital's EMR. You'll need their help in decoding the structure and contents of certain HL7 messages, the definition of which varies from vendor to vendor.
If you are fortunate, the hospital EMR supports XML-encoded HL7 v3, which provides store and forward data transfers over public networks, and a robust approach to data encoding. But don't count on it.
Capture the incoming **HL7** messages into an OLAP database.
Develop software that parses the EMR data from the HL7 messages, transforms the **EMR** data for loading into a fully normalized (**5NF**) clinical datawarehouse, then loads the data into the CDW. | EPIC can output to a couple of different database management systems, Oracle and SQL Server are the ones I've heard of being used. The hospital could write a script to push the data to secure FTP, but it doesn't have to be in HL7. |
298,271 | For example: "This has led to a reduction **in/of** the severity of poverty."
I tend to think "a reduction **in**" refers more to intensity and number, whereas "a reduction **of**" emphasizes the action.
As in:
1) "The President called for a reduction **of** troops in the region." (Emphasis on what he wants the Pentagon to do.)
2) "The President is working toward a reduction **in** HIV cases." (Emphasis on fewer cases.)
1 and 2 are very similar, but there is a subtle difference. At least, to me. I can't find the grammar rules regarding whether or not there's a difference in these prepositions in this context. Maybe they're interchangeable? | 2016/01/07 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/298271",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/67227/"
] | As @lauir has mentioned in the comments, this is probably a result vs action comparison.
>
> reduction of troops
>
>
>
Somebody reduced the troops; **action**.
>
> reduction in troops
>
>
>
Something occurred to reduce the number of troops e.g. virus, losing war badly; **result**.
Although this can actually be used interchangeably to a **certain extent**, it depends on the context. This can be especially confusing, e.g. something caused someone to reduce the troops - action or result? This might lead to a indirect-direct comparison as well.
If it is direct e.g. losing war directly causes your army to drop in numbers - **result**.
If it is indirect e.g. drop in economy causes president to reduce troops sent out to war (no money therefore less food and resources) - **action**. | **To answer the question first:**
1. A Google books ngram search shows both *‘in’* and *‘of’* are used by different writers in different circumstances.
2. Certainly ‘reduction *in* the number‘ is more frequently used than ‘reduction *of* the number’, but I find the suggestion that *‘of’* pertains to the action of the subject completely unconvincing and not proven. In the poster’s example, “a reduction *of* troops *in* the region”, its use may purely be to avoid repetition of *in*.
**The obligatory “I wouldn’t say that”:**
I personally find ‘reduction *of*’ jarring in the example sentence. This is probably because “reduction of troops doesn’t really make sense” — it is their *number* that is being reduced.
So I would write
>
> “The President called for a reduction *in the number of troops* in the region.”
>
>
>
or, even better, using the original verb rather than making an abstract noun of it, and hence banishing the preposition entirely:
>
> “The President called for the number of troops in the region *to be reduced*.”
>
>
>
Likewise, with the other example one could write:
>
> “The President is working toward *reducing* the number of HIV cases.”
>
>
>
However, if I were a journalist I would write:
>
> “The President called for a *troop reduction* in the region.”
>
>
>
And, although I am normally opposed to using nouns as adjective, the phrase, “troop reduction”, is succinct and so common that I would probably put my journalist hat on. (Except that because of my chemical training, I tend to use ‘decrease’ rather than ‘reduce’ to avoid ambiguity.) |
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