qid int64 1 74.7M | question stringlengths 12 33.8k | date stringlengths 10 10 | metadata list | response_j stringlengths 0 115k | response_k stringlengths 2 98.3k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
245,097 | Is there any word that describes a person who is very interested in reading newspapers, and very interested in political news? Moreover one who loves being "updated" on the current affairs of the world? | 2015/05/08 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/245097",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/18030/"
] | While not a real word currently, popular culture would understand the word "newsophile"
The attachment of phile to make words like "audiophile" is becoming pretty popular creating new words over time. | News or current event enthusiast ...
sorry its not one word |
868 | See, for example, the list of questions related to the List Category Posts Plugin:
<https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/plugin-list-category-post>
(It even has its own - detailed - tag wiki.)
Is this appropriate for WPSE, or should these questions be directed to the [List Category Posts Plugin support forum at wordpress.org](http://wordpress.org/tags/list-category-posts?forum_id=10)?
I think this plugin is a good starting point for this discussion. I note that it has a particularly low - even by normal WPSE standards - participation/activity rate and accepted-answer rate. It doesn't seem to be adding much to the overall WPSE knowledge base. | 2012/02/01 | [
"https://wordpress.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/868",
"https://wordpress.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://wordpress.meta.stackexchange.com/users/3966/"
] | While there's no explicit rule against plugin support here, I'm against it.
Code Quality
============
Many plugins have just one developer who (most of the time) fails to adhere to any of the coding standards used by WP Core. Having a lot of plugin-specific code snippets lying around dilutes the quality code we have on the site. In other words, if someone is looking at WPSE as a definitive guide to WP development, and they see a lot of poorly written code here that's accepted as "good," they're more likely to write bad code as well.
Localized
=========
A plugin question doesn't really apply to the entire community. If it's a question about hooks, development, or APIs it might make sense. But by and large, "I can't get plugin X to work with theme Y please help" is too narrow a scope for this site.
Not a Support Site
==================
We aren't a support site. This is exactly the difference between WPSE and the official *support* forums on WP.org. | There is no implied rule that plugin support must or should happen via official forums. Plenty developers explicitly don't want to provide support that way. So I definitely against directing to official forum as a generic move. Only if developer prefers it that way and is actually actively providing support there.
It might not be wonderful kind of questions to have, but I am far from convinced we need to get rid of them. |
602,488 | I do not appear to have any USB Functionality on my BQ Aquarius Ubuntu Edition Phone. Plugged into Dell running Ubuntu 12.04 and neither the phone nor the Laptop see each other. USB power okay and cable okay as it was tested with a Moto Defy. Is there actually any USB functionality with the Ubuntu Aquarius? I was expecting at least to see my 32GB SD card - which is basically all I want. | 2015/03/28 | [
"https://askubuntu.com/questions/602488",
"https://askubuntu.com",
"https://askubuntu.com/users/392397/"
] | Just adding my 2 cents because I was also struggling with this and my solution was really weird.
Fresh install of ubuntu 14.04.2 64-bit with all updates installed.
Connected phone with usb **2.0** port: **no access** (I tried 2 different usb 2.0 ports)
Connected phone with usb **2.0** port and used **gMTP** (ubuntu software center): **access**
Connected phone with usb **3.0** port: **access** (no need for gMTP) | I managed to access the files on my phone following the instructions here: [Managing Kindle Fire with on 12.04 via Micro-USB](https://askubuntu.com/questions/177555/managing-kindle-fire-with-on-12-04-via-micro-usb).
It is a threat about connecting a Kindle, but it worked beautifylly for me. Maybe it could be of use for you. |
602,488 | I do not appear to have any USB Functionality on my BQ Aquarius Ubuntu Edition Phone. Plugged into Dell running Ubuntu 12.04 and neither the phone nor the Laptop see each other. USB power okay and cable okay as it was tested with a Moto Defy. Is there actually any USB functionality with the Ubuntu Aquarius? I was expecting at least to see my 32GB SD card - which is basically all I want. | 2015/03/28 | [
"https://askubuntu.com/questions/602488",
"https://askubuntu.com",
"https://askubuntu.com/users/392397/"
] | Take a tour [here](https://launchpad.net/~fossfreedom/+archive/ubuntu/libmtp) to upgrade your MTP library.
Hope it could help. | I managed to access the files on my phone following the instructions here: [Managing Kindle Fire with on 12.04 via Micro-USB](https://askubuntu.com/questions/177555/managing-kindle-fire-with-on-12-04-via-micro-usb).
It is a threat about connecting a Kindle, but it worked beautifylly for me. Maybe it could be of use for you. |
602,488 | I do not appear to have any USB Functionality on my BQ Aquarius Ubuntu Edition Phone. Plugged into Dell running Ubuntu 12.04 and neither the phone nor the Laptop see each other. USB power okay and cable okay as it was tested with a Moto Defy. Is there actually any USB functionality with the Ubuntu Aquarius? I was expecting at least to see my 32GB SD card - which is basically all I want. | 2015/03/28 | [
"https://askubuntu.com/questions/602488",
"https://askubuntu.com",
"https://askubuntu.com/users/392397/"
] | Take a tour [here](https://launchpad.net/~fossfreedom/+archive/ubuntu/libmtp) to upgrade your MTP library.
Hope it could help. | Make sure to unlock the phone if it is PIN protected. Once unlocked you should be able to see phone content |
602,488 | I do not appear to have any USB Functionality on my BQ Aquarius Ubuntu Edition Phone. Plugged into Dell running Ubuntu 12.04 and neither the phone nor the Laptop see each other. USB power okay and cable okay as it was tested with a Moto Defy. Is there actually any USB functionality with the Ubuntu Aquarius? I was expecting at least to see my 32GB SD card - which is basically all I want. | 2015/03/28 | [
"https://askubuntu.com/questions/602488",
"https://askubuntu.com",
"https://askubuntu.com/users/392397/"
] | Take a tour [here](https://launchpad.net/~fossfreedom/+archive/ubuntu/libmtp) to upgrade your MTP library.
Hope it could help. | I have the same problem with my BQ Ubuntuphone and Ubuntu 14.04 LTS. The phone is not recognized at all when connected via USB. Are there any settings required on either side? |
602,488 | I do not appear to have any USB Functionality on my BQ Aquarius Ubuntu Edition Phone. Plugged into Dell running Ubuntu 12.04 and neither the phone nor the Laptop see each other. USB power okay and cable okay as it was tested with a Moto Defy. Is there actually any USB functionality with the Ubuntu Aquarius? I was expecting at least to see my 32GB SD card - which is basically all I want. | 2015/03/28 | [
"https://askubuntu.com/questions/602488",
"https://askubuntu.com",
"https://askubuntu.com/users/392397/"
] | Just adding my 2 cents because I was also struggling with this and my solution was really weird.
Fresh install of ubuntu 14.04.2 64-bit with all updates installed.
Connected phone with usb **2.0** port: **no access** (I tried 2 different usb 2.0 ports)
Connected phone with usb **2.0** port and used **gMTP** (ubuntu software center): **access**
Connected phone with usb **3.0** port: **access** (no need for gMTP) | I have the same problem with my BQ Ubuntuphone and Ubuntu 14.04 LTS. The phone is not recognized at all when connected via USB. Are there any settings required on either side? |
602,488 | I do not appear to have any USB Functionality on my BQ Aquarius Ubuntu Edition Phone. Plugged into Dell running Ubuntu 12.04 and neither the phone nor the Laptop see each other. USB power okay and cable okay as it was tested with a Moto Defy. Is there actually any USB functionality with the Ubuntu Aquarius? I was expecting at least to see my 32GB SD card - which is basically all I want. | 2015/03/28 | [
"https://askubuntu.com/questions/602488",
"https://askubuntu.com",
"https://askubuntu.com/users/392397/"
] | Just adding my 2 cents because I was also struggling with this and my solution was really weird.
Fresh install of ubuntu 14.04.2 64-bit with all updates installed.
Connected phone with usb **2.0** port: **no access** (I tried 2 different usb 2.0 ports)
Connected phone with usb **2.0** port and used **gMTP** (ubuntu software center): **access**
Connected phone with usb **3.0** port: **access** (no need for gMTP) | Make sure to unlock the phone if it is PIN protected. Once unlocked you should be able to see phone content |
170,842 | So every night I run some cron jobs. It requires probably about 20 min to process all the records. I gather the script does something like 10,000 sql queries.
I figure this task was just that intense and needs time to complete, but I looked at CPU and memory usage, and it is super low. Cpu usage is between 1-3% and once in a while will bounce to 50ish for 2-3 seconds.
This VPS is running windows 2003 server with Apache and MySQL. Does this sound right? | 2010/08/16 | [
"https://serverfault.com/questions/170842",
"https://serverfault.com",
"https://serverfault.com/users/20336/"
] | See [RFC4120, "The Kerberos Network Authentication Service (V5)"](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4120). Realms are a namespace or administrative zone, usually tied to the domain used -- perhaps your people are referring to to a Kerberos realm?
EX: someone with AD domain credentials could authenticate to a non-Windows Kerberos realm. I notice [Microsoft refers to "cross-domain"](http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc960648.aspx) in discussions of Kerberos when "cross-realm" might be more appropriate. | Not really, no. I would say that it's getting confused with an Active Directory domain. Kerberos is an authentication protocol. There is no domain concept in plain Kerberos.
The term "domain" refers to the organization structure of Active Directory. Active Directory employs Kerberos as one of its available authentication protocols, which I think is where the confusion would come in. |
170,842 | So every night I run some cron jobs. It requires probably about 20 min to process all the records. I gather the script does something like 10,000 sql queries.
I figure this task was just that intense and needs time to complete, but I looked at CPU and memory usage, and it is super low. Cpu usage is between 1-3% and once in a while will bounce to 50ish for 2-3 seconds.
This VPS is running windows 2003 server with Apache and MySQL. Does this sound right? | 2010/08/16 | [
"https://serverfault.com/questions/170842",
"https://serverfault.com",
"https://serverfault.com/users/20336/"
] | Not really, no. I would say that it's getting confused with an Active Directory domain. Kerberos is an authentication protocol. There is no domain concept in plain Kerberos.
The term "domain" refers to the organization structure of Active Directory. Active Directory employs Kerberos as one of its available authentication protocols, which I think is where the confusion would come in. | Active directory is essentially a closely tied implementation of LDAP and Kerberos by microsoft, along with some customized tools and additional 'functionality' built on top. So it would be correct to say that kerberos is PART of a windows domain, but not that kerberos is equivalent to a windows domain. |
170,842 | So every night I run some cron jobs. It requires probably about 20 min to process all the records. I gather the script does something like 10,000 sql queries.
I figure this task was just that intense and needs time to complete, but I looked at CPU and memory usage, and it is super low. Cpu usage is between 1-3% and once in a while will bounce to 50ish for 2-3 seconds.
This VPS is running windows 2003 server with Apache and MySQL. Does this sound right? | 2010/08/16 | [
"https://serverfault.com/questions/170842",
"https://serverfault.com",
"https://serverfault.com/users/20336/"
] | See [RFC4120, "The Kerberos Network Authentication Service (V5)"](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4120). Realms are a namespace or administrative zone, usually tied to the domain used -- perhaps your people are referring to to a Kerberos realm?
EX: someone with AD domain credentials could authenticate to a non-Windows Kerberos realm. I notice [Microsoft refers to "cross-domain"](http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc960648.aspx) in discussions of Kerberos when "cross-realm" might be more appropriate. | Active directory is essentially a closely tied implementation of LDAP and Kerberos by microsoft, along with some customized tools and additional 'functionality' built on top. So it would be correct to say that kerberos is PART of a windows domain, but not that kerberos is equivalent to a windows domain. |
187,558 | >
> Mr. Weasley was looking around. He loved everything to do with Muggles. Harry could see him itching to go and examine the television and the video recorder.
>
>
> "They run off eckeltricity, do they?" he said knowledgeably. "Ah yes,
> I can see the plugs. I collect plugs," he added to Uncle Vernon. "And
> batteries. Got a very large collection of batteries. My wife thinks
> I'm mad, but **there you are**."
>
>
> Uncle Vernon clearly thought Mr. Weasley was mad too.
>
>
>
According to Collins dictionary, "*there you are*" can mean:
>
> a. an expression used when handing a person something requested or desired
>
>
> b. an exclamation of triumph
>
>
>
It seems to me that the second meaning (*b. an exclamation of triumph*) might fit for the context, but I'm not quite sure. How should we understand "*there you are*" in this context? | 2018/12/05 | [
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/187558",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/users/59517/"
] | I do not read it as an expression of exactly triumph, but rather one of dismissal. The field of meaning of that phrase in the colloquial style of British English used by Rawlings is probably a bit fuzzy. Moreover, the character is depicted as clownish and therefore not expected to be a master of careful thought and expression. The Potter books are great fun ("ekeltricity" indeed), but the dialogue is not designed to provide a model for learning English. | Mr. Weasley is proud of his very large collection of batteries, despite the opinion of his wife. So the second meaning (b. an exclamation of triumph) is fit for the context. |
187,558 | >
> Mr. Weasley was looking around. He loved everything to do with Muggles. Harry could see him itching to go and examine the television and the video recorder.
>
>
> "They run off eckeltricity, do they?" he said knowledgeably. "Ah yes,
> I can see the plugs. I collect plugs," he added to Uncle Vernon. "And
> batteries. Got a very large collection of batteries. My wife thinks
> I'm mad, but **there you are**."
>
>
> Uncle Vernon clearly thought Mr. Weasley was mad too.
>
>
>
According to Collins dictionary, "*there you are*" can mean:
>
> a. an expression used when handing a person something requested or desired
>
>
> b. an exclamation of triumph
>
>
>
It seems to me that the second meaning (*b. an exclamation of triumph*) might fit for the context, but I'm not quite sure. How should we understand "*there you are*" in this context? | 2018/12/05 | [
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/187558",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/users/59517/"
] | "There you go" is idiomatic in British English, but doesn't really have one single meaning. In this context though, it is not really either of the definitions you found.
In this particular context, it shares at least some of the meaning of these similar expressions:
* "There you go"
* "There you have it"
* "That's how it is"
In your example, "there you are" is being used to express the fact that *the speaker cannot change the situation he has just described and has resigned himself to accept it*. He appears to have some odd habits, and as a consequence, his wife thinks he is "mad" (meaning *insane*) and he accepts that he cannot do anything to change her perception.
The Cambridge dictionary gives this example for one definition of the similarly-used expression "there you go":
>
> We didn't win the competition, but there you go - we can always try again next year.
>
>
>
You can see the similarity to your example. The speaker has presented an unfavourable situation, and "there you go" expresses their acceptance of it. | Mr. Weasley is proud of his very large collection of batteries, despite the opinion of his wife. So the second meaning (b. an exclamation of triumph) is fit for the context. |
187,558 | >
> Mr. Weasley was looking around. He loved everything to do with Muggles. Harry could see him itching to go and examine the television and the video recorder.
>
>
> "They run off eckeltricity, do they?" he said knowledgeably. "Ah yes,
> I can see the plugs. I collect plugs," he added to Uncle Vernon. "And
> batteries. Got a very large collection of batteries. My wife thinks
> I'm mad, but **there you are**."
>
>
> Uncle Vernon clearly thought Mr. Weasley was mad too.
>
>
>
According to Collins dictionary, "*there you are*" can mean:
>
> a. an expression used when handing a person something requested or desired
>
>
> b. an exclamation of triumph
>
>
>
It seems to me that the second meaning (*b. an exclamation of triumph*) might fit for the context, but I'm not quite sure. How should we understand "*there you are*" in this context? | 2018/12/05 | [
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/187558",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/users/59517/"
] | "There you go" is idiomatic in British English, but doesn't really have one single meaning. In this context though, it is not really either of the definitions you found.
In this particular context, it shares at least some of the meaning of these similar expressions:
* "There you go"
* "There you have it"
* "That's how it is"
In your example, "there you are" is being used to express the fact that *the speaker cannot change the situation he has just described and has resigned himself to accept it*. He appears to have some odd habits, and as a consequence, his wife thinks he is "mad" (meaning *insane*) and he accepts that he cannot do anything to change her perception.
The Cambridge dictionary gives this example for one definition of the similarly-used expression "there you go":
>
> We didn't win the competition, but there you go - we can always try again next year.
>
>
>
You can see the similarity to your example. The speaker has presented an unfavourable situation, and "there you go" expresses their acceptance of it. | I do not read it as an expression of exactly triumph, but rather one of dismissal. The field of meaning of that phrase in the colloquial style of British English used by Rawlings is probably a bit fuzzy. Moreover, the character is depicted as clownish and therefore not expected to be a master of careful thought and expression. The Potter books are great fun ("ekeltricity" indeed), but the dialogue is not designed to provide a model for learning English. |
36,043 | How can I learn about the relationships between chords to build chords progressions?
Every book I read explains how to build chords, but they don't teach how to put the chords in progression. They just teach you some common chords progressions like I-V-IV, but they don't teach the "why" of this progression.
Let's say I have a Bb7/G# chord. How can I know the next chord that would fit in the progression and why this chord?
In particular the chord progression is:
Bb7/G# Gm6 Ebmmaj7/F# Bb
These chords are from the song "Aguas de Marzo" by Tom Jobim. They are very weirds chords to me. If I play the chord Bb7/G# alone it sounds very dissonant. But play the fours chords following the rythming of the song and it sounds beatiful.
What is the area of music theory who study the "why" of this, and not only the "how", which is what I have read in every book of "chord theory" for guitar. Any book you would recommend?
Thanks. | 2015/08/20 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/36043",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/19982/"
] | One of the things that helped me in understanding how to put chords into progressions came from pure experimentation. I was practicing various types of harmonized chords around the major scale. I would practice playing all the harmonized sus4 chords of a scale then the sus2, 6 chords, 7 chords, etc. I harmonized chords around different types of minor, major, and exotic scales.
I would go up and down the harmonized scale alternating between two different types of chords such as 6 chords and 7 chords. **{The first two chords of your example are actually very close to this}** I would try things like alternating two harmonized 6 chords followed by two harmonized 7 chords.
I would take a single chord and listen to how it sounded paired with other chords by moving any single note up or down a variety of half and whole steps. I would move pairs of notes by half steps and whole steps. I would move entire chords up and down half and whole steps.
In experimenting and practicing the variety of harmonized chord types, I began to hear which chords complimented each other and which chords could go to other chords. | Written and played properly, it's also used as a blues turnaround. Often with the notes played as triplets, the first 3 being Ab-F-Ab, etc. Ending with F and D played together. |
36,043 | How can I learn about the relationships between chords to build chords progressions?
Every book I read explains how to build chords, but they don't teach how to put the chords in progression. They just teach you some common chords progressions like I-V-IV, but they don't teach the "why" of this progression.
Let's say I have a Bb7/G# chord. How can I know the next chord that would fit in the progression and why this chord?
In particular the chord progression is:
Bb7/G# Gm6 Ebmmaj7/F# Bb
These chords are from the song "Aguas de Marzo" by Tom Jobim. They are very weirds chords to me. If I play the chord Bb7/G# alone it sounds very dissonant. But play the fours chords following the rythming of the song and it sounds beatiful.
What is the area of music theory who study the "why" of this, and not only the "how", which is what I have read in every book of "chord theory" for guitar. Any book you would recommend?
Thanks. | 2015/08/20 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/36043",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/19982/"
] | Just studying the basics of music theory and voice leading should give you the tools to notice what's going on. No matter what the chords in the progression, it's pretty easy to figure out what is going on by looking at the notes in the progression, how the move, and what they emphasize.
I quickly sketched out one possible voicing for this progression in Finale to show you how the notes most likely would move:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Cs4Aa.png)
There are a few things to notice which are:
* The Bb and D is common in every chord.
* The first chord is in 3rd inversion which is rather unstable.
* The bass line is chromatically descending in the first three chords then moves to the note common in all three chords.
* The voices other then bass move very little.
* The very dissonant interval of Eb to D (M7/m2) resolves to a very consonant F to D (M6/m3).
* The ending motion can be viewed as a plagal cadence in first inversion.
As you can see there is a lot to look at in these four chords, but the reason why someone may like it is simple. While the line may start dissonant, the constant descending chromatic motion in the bass and the combination of common tones and small motion in the other voices keeps the chords related and "spins" until there is an obvious resolution reached on the last chord. | Written and played properly, it's also used as a blues turnaround. Often with the notes played as triplets, the first 3 being Ab-F-Ab, etc. Ending with F and D played together. |
36,043 | How can I learn about the relationships between chords to build chords progressions?
Every book I read explains how to build chords, but they don't teach how to put the chords in progression. They just teach you some common chords progressions like I-V-IV, but they don't teach the "why" of this progression.
Let's say I have a Bb7/G# chord. How can I know the next chord that would fit in the progression and why this chord?
In particular the chord progression is:
Bb7/G# Gm6 Ebmmaj7/F# Bb
These chords are from the song "Aguas de Marzo" by Tom Jobim. They are very weirds chords to me. If I play the chord Bb7/G# alone it sounds very dissonant. But play the fours chords following the rythming of the song and it sounds beatiful.
What is the area of music theory who study the "why" of this, and not only the "how", which is what I have read in every book of "chord theory" for guitar. Any book you would recommend?
Thanks. | 2015/08/20 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/36043",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/19982/"
] | Look for a book on harmony? Schoenberg builds things up from chord positions to progressions (and rants about The War And Other Things!) in "Theory of Harmony" while Piston uses examples taken from common practice music in "Harmony," to name just two books. Some knowledge of counterpoint may also be helpful, e.g. to better understand voice leading. | There are several summaries of common chord syntax based on a given style. Like this one in Kostka & Payne which is meant to model common-practice tonal music syntax. Note that this is based on the circle of fifths which is understandable but can be critiqued in that one can easily argue that not all idiomatic progressions are derived from the circle of fifths progression.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/14j8S.png)
Or the one on page 37 of [this article by Tymocko](http://dmitri.mycpanel.princeton.edu/files/publications/tonaltheories.pdf).
Note that Schoenberg's famous chart of the regions (mentioned above) is more of a map of key relations, but doesn't prescribe a suggested or typical syntax. In fact Schoenberg's HarmonieLehre has surprisingly little advice or commentary about chord syntax. |
36,043 | How can I learn about the relationships between chords to build chords progressions?
Every book I read explains how to build chords, but they don't teach how to put the chords in progression. They just teach you some common chords progressions like I-V-IV, but they don't teach the "why" of this progression.
Let's say I have a Bb7/G# chord. How can I know the next chord that would fit in the progression and why this chord?
In particular the chord progression is:
Bb7/G# Gm6 Ebmmaj7/F# Bb
These chords are from the song "Aguas de Marzo" by Tom Jobim. They are very weirds chords to me. If I play the chord Bb7/G# alone it sounds very dissonant. But play the fours chords following the rythming of the song and it sounds beatiful.
What is the area of music theory who study the "why" of this, and not only the "how", which is what I have read in every book of "chord theory" for guitar. Any book you would recommend?
Thanks. | 2015/08/20 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/36043",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/19982/"
] | Look for a book on harmony? Schoenberg builds things up from chord positions to progressions (and rants about The War And Other Things!) in "Theory of Harmony" while Piston uses examples taken from common practice music in "Harmony," to name just two books. Some knowledge of counterpoint may also be helpful, e.g. to better understand voice leading. | Just studying the basics of music theory and voice leading should give you the tools to notice what's going on. No matter what the chords in the progression, it's pretty easy to figure out what is going on by looking at the notes in the progression, how the move, and what they emphasize.
I quickly sketched out one possible voicing for this progression in Finale to show you how the notes most likely would move:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Cs4Aa.png)
There are a few things to notice which are:
* The Bb and D is common in every chord.
* The first chord is in 3rd inversion which is rather unstable.
* The bass line is chromatically descending in the first three chords then moves to the note common in all three chords.
* The voices other then bass move very little.
* The very dissonant interval of Eb to D (M7/m2) resolves to a very consonant F to D (M6/m3).
* The ending motion can be viewed as a plagal cadence in first inversion.
As you can see there is a lot to look at in these four chords, but the reason why someone may like it is simple. While the line may start dissonant, the constant descending chromatic motion in the bass and the combination of common tones and small motion in the other voices keeps the chords related and "spins" until there is an obvious resolution reached on the last chord. |
36,043 | How can I learn about the relationships between chords to build chords progressions?
Every book I read explains how to build chords, but they don't teach how to put the chords in progression. They just teach you some common chords progressions like I-V-IV, but they don't teach the "why" of this progression.
Let's say I have a Bb7/G# chord. How can I know the next chord that would fit in the progression and why this chord?
In particular the chord progression is:
Bb7/G# Gm6 Ebmmaj7/F# Bb
These chords are from the song "Aguas de Marzo" by Tom Jobim. They are very weirds chords to me. If I play the chord Bb7/G# alone it sounds very dissonant. But play the fours chords following the rythming of the song and it sounds beatiful.
What is the area of music theory who study the "why" of this, and not only the "how", which is what I have read in every book of "chord theory" for guitar. Any book you would recommend?
Thanks. | 2015/08/20 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/36043",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/19982/"
] | Look for a book on harmony? Schoenberg builds things up from chord positions to progressions (and rants about The War And Other Things!) in "Theory of Harmony" while Piston uses examples taken from common practice music in "Harmony," to name just two books. Some knowledge of counterpoint may also be helpful, e.g. to better understand voice leading. | It seems to be about how "close" (smaller interval) notes change within a chord progression. EG. a change from A to D involves a strong common note (the A), the E moving to a F#, and the C# moving to a D.
I say "Moving" because that's how the ear percievs it: Even though all but the A note have changed when going from A to D, we hear that there's a change in the E and C# because they've only changed by a tone and semitone respectively.
This theme accounts for a lot of chord progressions- for example Whiter Shade of Pale uses (something like) C G Am G F Em Dm C .. etc
They might seem a bit random but there's a descending note through the chords whcih follows a major scale in C (notes C B A G). Your ear picks this up (assuming you're attoned to western music chord structures) and you find you 'know' what comes next even before you hear it. That's not because it's a cliche- it's your brain doing some anticipation, and the song author knows this and probably did it quite deliberately. It's a suimilar but different story at the beginning of Stairway to Heaven.
It's not a hard and fast rule - but then nothing is in music. For example the smalles change would be to have a chord drop or raise a semitone in its entirety. That's not so common and doesn't sound great.
Part of working out a chord structure is to work out what you want to achieve in terms of mood, and which chord you want to end up on ready for the next section, and deliver something whcih plays withthe human ear. It;s entirely up to you whether you go by the manifestation I've mentioned above, but that is one reason why chord sequences are arranged as they are. |
36,043 | How can I learn about the relationships between chords to build chords progressions?
Every book I read explains how to build chords, but they don't teach how to put the chords in progression. They just teach you some common chords progressions like I-V-IV, but they don't teach the "why" of this progression.
Let's say I have a Bb7/G# chord. How can I know the next chord that would fit in the progression and why this chord?
In particular the chord progression is:
Bb7/G# Gm6 Ebmmaj7/F# Bb
These chords are from the song "Aguas de Marzo" by Tom Jobim. They are very weirds chords to me. If I play the chord Bb7/G# alone it sounds very dissonant. But play the fours chords following the rythming of the song and it sounds beatiful.
What is the area of music theory who study the "why" of this, and not only the "how", which is what I have read in every book of "chord theory" for guitar. Any book you would recommend?
Thanks. | 2015/08/20 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/36043",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/19982/"
] | There are several summaries of common chord syntax based on a given style. Like this one in Kostka & Payne which is meant to model common-practice tonal music syntax. Note that this is based on the circle of fifths which is understandable but can be critiqued in that one can easily argue that not all idiomatic progressions are derived from the circle of fifths progression.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/14j8S.png)
Or the one on page 37 of [this article by Tymocko](http://dmitri.mycpanel.princeton.edu/files/publications/tonaltheories.pdf).
Note that Schoenberg's famous chart of the regions (mentioned above) is more of a map of key relations, but doesn't prescribe a suggested or typical syntax. In fact Schoenberg's HarmonieLehre has surprisingly little advice or commentary about chord syntax. | Written and played properly, it's also used as a blues turnaround. Often with the notes played as triplets, the first 3 being Ab-F-Ab, etc. Ending with F and D played together. |
36,043 | How can I learn about the relationships between chords to build chords progressions?
Every book I read explains how to build chords, but they don't teach how to put the chords in progression. They just teach you some common chords progressions like I-V-IV, but they don't teach the "why" of this progression.
Let's say I have a Bb7/G# chord. How can I know the next chord that would fit in the progression and why this chord?
In particular the chord progression is:
Bb7/G# Gm6 Ebmmaj7/F# Bb
These chords are from the song "Aguas de Marzo" by Tom Jobim. They are very weirds chords to me. If I play the chord Bb7/G# alone it sounds very dissonant. But play the fours chords following the rythming of the song and it sounds beatiful.
What is the area of music theory who study the "why" of this, and not only the "how", which is what I have read in every book of "chord theory" for guitar. Any book you would recommend?
Thanks. | 2015/08/20 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/36043",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/19982/"
] | Look for a book on harmony? Schoenberg builds things up from chord positions to progressions (and rants about The War And Other Things!) in "Theory of Harmony" while Piston uses examples taken from common practice music in "Harmony," to name just two books. Some knowledge of counterpoint may also be helpful, e.g. to better understand voice leading. | Written and played properly, it's also used as a blues turnaround. Often with the notes played as triplets, the first 3 being Ab-F-Ab, etc. Ending with F and D played together. |
36,043 | How can I learn about the relationships between chords to build chords progressions?
Every book I read explains how to build chords, but they don't teach how to put the chords in progression. They just teach you some common chords progressions like I-V-IV, but they don't teach the "why" of this progression.
Let's say I have a Bb7/G# chord. How can I know the next chord that would fit in the progression and why this chord?
In particular the chord progression is:
Bb7/G# Gm6 Ebmmaj7/F# Bb
These chords are from the song "Aguas de Marzo" by Tom Jobim. They are very weirds chords to me. If I play the chord Bb7/G# alone it sounds very dissonant. But play the fours chords following the rythming of the song and it sounds beatiful.
What is the area of music theory who study the "why" of this, and not only the "how", which is what I have read in every book of "chord theory" for guitar. Any book you would recommend?
Thanks. | 2015/08/20 | [
"https://music.stackexchange.com/questions/36043",
"https://music.stackexchange.com",
"https://music.stackexchange.com/users/19982/"
] | Look for a book on harmony? Schoenberg builds things up from chord positions to progressions (and rants about The War And Other Things!) in "Theory of Harmony" while Piston uses examples taken from common practice music in "Harmony," to name just two books. Some knowledge of counterpoint may also be helpful, e.g. to better understand voice leading. | One of the things that helped me in understanding how to put chords into progressions came from pure experimentation. I was practicing various types of harmonized chords around the major scale. I would practice playing all the harmonized sus4 chords of a scale then the sus2, 6 chords, 7 chords, etc. I harmonized chords around different types of minor, major, and exotic scales.
I would go up and down the harmonized scale alternating between two different types of chords such as 6 chords and 7 chords. **{The first two chords of your example are actually very close to this}** I would try things like alternating two harmonized 6 chords followed by two harmonized 7 chords.
I would take a single chord and listen to how it sounded paired with other chords by moving any single note up or down a variety of half and whole steps. I would move pairs of notes by half steps and whole steps. I would move entire chords up and down half and whole steps.
In experimenting and practicing the variety of harmonized chord types, I began to hear which chords complimented each other and which chords could go to other chords. |
53,687 | I was reading a [National Geographic article](http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/10/jesus-tomb-opened-church-holy-sepulchre/) about the recent restoration work done at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Israel in which the stone slab that covered the supposed resting place of Jesus was removed. According to the article, it went on to say:
>
> ...it was first identified by Helena, mother of the Roman emperor Constantine, in A.D. 326.
>
>
>
I researched a bit more about Helena's visit to Jerusalem and came upon another article that had this to say about her visit:
>
> The site was identified in the year 326, when the Emperor Constantine’s mother Helena went on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land in search of relics from the time of Christ. She asked the residents of Jerusalem where the site of Jesus’ tomb was, and they directed her to a spot where a pagan temple now stood. We might be justifiably sceptical that the people in Jerusalem at that time would have known where Jesus’ tomb once was and suspect that out of deference to the Emperor’s mother they pointed to some site.
>
>
>
Read more: [#500 Excavating the Tomb of Jesus](http://www.reasonablefaith.org/excavating-the-tomb-of-jesus#ixzz4QDzpfrWk)
**Does anyone know the source for this claim? Specifically want to research more on Helena asking residents of Jerusalem where the site of the tomb was.** | 2016/11/17 | [
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/questions/53687",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/users/31964/"
] | The entry for Helena in a 1911 [Dictionary of Christian Christian Biography and Literature to the end of the sixth century [etc]](http://www.ccel.org/ccel/wace/biodict.html?term=Helena,%20St.,%20mother%20of%20Constantine%20the%20Great) includes a review of "the evidence of the ancient authorities" regarding the story of her finding the true cross. The given summaries of 15 works attributed to authors writing from 333 to 595AD incidentally include several mentions of the tomb. That selection of ancient authorities may serve as a reading list for your research.
While the authors of the Dictionary conclude that "no detailed story [of the cross] is found until nearly 70 years after the event, and then in the West only", mentions of accepted knowledge of the site of the tomb begin with the first source reviewed.
(The link refers to clean-looking OCR. The same site offers b&w page scans. If you care about pages images, archive.org has much better scans from a few different copies of the print book.) | **Location of Jesus' tomb identified by Helena, mother of Constantine?**
The claim no doubt would be found in the medieval piece of Christian literature known as the ***Golden Legend***. In medieval times this was certainly the most read piece of Catholic literature known in the Catholic Culture, out Liturgical texts and the Sacred Scriptures. It stories were very popular subjects of Catholic legends and religious folklore.
>
> The [**Golden Legend**](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Legend) (**Legenda Aurea**) is a collection of hagiographies by [Jacobus de Varagine](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobus_da_Varagine) that was widely read in late medieval Europe. More than a thousand manuscripts of the text have survived. It was likely compiled around the year 1260, although the text was added to over the centuries.
>
>
> Initially entitled **Legenda sanctorum** (Readings of the Saints), it gained its popularity under the title by which it is best known. It overtook and eclipsed earlier compilations of abridged legendaria, the Abbreviatio in gestis et miraculis sanctorum attributed to the Dominican chronicler Jean de Mailly and the Epilogus in gestis sanctorum of the Dominican preacher Bartholomew of Trent. Over eight hundred manuscript copies of the work survive, and when printing was invented in the 1450s, editions appeared quickly, not only in Latin, but also in every major European language. Among incunabula, printed before 1501, Legenda aurea was printed in more editions than the Bible. It was one of the first books William Caxton printed in the English language; Caxton's version appeared in 1483 and his translation was reprinted, reaching a ninth edition in 1527.
>
>
> Written in simple, readable Latin, the book was read in its day for its stories. The book is considered the closest thing to an encyclopaedia of medieval saint lore that survives today; as such, it is invaluable to art historians and medievalists who seek to identify saints depicted in art by their deeds and attributes. Its repetitious nature is explained if Jacobus da Varagine meant to write a compendium of saintly lore for sermons and preaching, not a work of popular entertainment.
>
>
>
According to the Golden Legend the discovery of the Holy Cross was by St. Helen, the Mother of Constantine And can be read in the following English version of the [Golden Legend](http://www.intratext.com/IXT/ENG1293/_P3H.HTM):
>
> **Of the Holy Cross.**
>
>
> The holy cross was found two hundred years after the resurrection of our Lord. It is read in the gospel of Nicodemus that, when Adam waxed sick, Seth his son went to the gate of Paradise terrestrial for to get the oil of mercy for to anoint withal his father's body. Then appeared to him S. Michael the angel, and said to him: Travail not thou in vain for this oil, for thou mayst not have it till five thousand and five hundred years be past, how be it that from Adam unto the passion of our Lord were but five thousand one hundred and thirtythree years. In another place it is read that the angel brought him a branch, and commanded him to plant it the Mount of Lebanon. Yet find we in another place that he gave to him of the tree that Adam ate of, and said to him that when that bare fruit he should be guerished and all whole. When Seth came again he found his father dead and planted this tree upon his grave, and it endured there unto the time of Solomon. And because he saw that it was fair, he did do hew it down and set it in his house named Saltus. And when the Queen of Sheba came to visit Solomon, she worshipped this tree, because she said the Saviour of all the world should be hanged thereon, by whom the realm of the Jews shall be defaced and cease. Solomon for this cause made it to be taken up and dolven deep in the ground. Now it happed after, that they of Jerusalem did do make a great pit for a piscine, whereas the ministers of the temple should wash their beasts that they should sacrifice, and there found this tree, and this piscine had such virtue that the angels descended and moved the water, and the first sick man that descended into the water, after the moving, was made whole of whatsoever sickness he was sick of. And when the time approached of the passion of our Lord, this tree arose out of the water, and floated above the water, and of this piece of timber made the Jews the cross of our Lord. Then, after this history, the cross by which we be saved came of the tree by which we were damned, and the water of that piscine had not his virtue only of the angel but of the tree. With this tree, whereof the cross was made, there was a tree that went overthwart, on which the arms of our Lord were nailed, and another piece above, which was the table wherein the title was written, and another piece wherein the socket or mortice was made, wherein the body of the cross stood in, so that there were four manner of trees, that is of palm, of cypress, of cedar, and of olive. So each of these four pieces was of one of these trees. This blessed cross was put in the earth, and hid by the space of a hundred years and more, but the mother of the emperor, which was named Helena, found it in this manner. For Constantine came with a great multitude of barbarians nigh unto the river of the Danube, which would have gone over for to have destroyed all the country. And when Constantine had assembled his host he went and set them against that other party, but as soon as he began to pass the river he was much afeard because he should on the morn have battle. And in the night, as he slept in his bed, an angel awoke him, and showed to him the sign of the cross in heaven, and said to him: Behold on high in heaven. Then saw he the cross made of right clear light, and was written thereupon with letters of gold: In this sign thou shalt overcome the battle. Then was he all comforted of this vision and on the morn he put in his banner the cross and made it to be borne tofore him and his host, and after, smote in the host of his enemies and slew and chased great plenty. After this he did do call the bishops of the idols, and demanded them to what God the sign of the cross appertained. And when they could not answer, some christian men that were there told to him the mystery of the cross, and informed him in the faith of the Trinity. Then anon he believed perfectly in God and did do baptize him, and after it happed that Constantine his son remembered the victory of his father, and sent to Helena his mother for to find the holy cross. **Then Helena went in to Jerusalem and did do assemble all the wise men of the country, and when they were assembled they would fain know wherefore they were called. Then one Judas said to them: I wot well that she will know of us where the cross of Jesu Christ was laid, but beware you all that none of you tell her, for I wot well, then shall our law be destroyed. For Zacheus, mine old father, said to Simon my father, and my father said to me at his death: Be well ware that for no torment that ye may suffer, tell not where the cross of Jesu Christ was laid, for after that it shall be found the Jews shall reign no more, but the christian men that worshipped the cross shall then reign; and verily this Jesus was the son of God. Then demanded I my father wherefore had they hanged him on the cross sith it was known that he was the son of God. Then he said to me: Fair son, I never accorded thereto, but gainsaid it always, but the Pharisees did it because he reproved their vices; but he arose on the third day and, his disciples seeing, he ascended into heaven; then because that Stephen, thy brother, believed in him the Jews stoned him to death. Then, when Judas had said these words to his fellows, they answered: We never heard of such things, nevertheless keep thee well, if the queen demand thee thereof, that thou say no thing to her. When the queen had called them and demanded them the place where our Lord Jesu Christ had been crucified, they would never tell ne enseign her. Then commanded she to burn them all, but then they doubted and were afraid, and delivered Judas to her and said: Lady, this man is the son of a prophet and of a just man, and knoweth right well the law, and can tell to you all things that ye shall demand him. Then the queen let all the others go and retained Judas without more. Then she showed to him his life and death, and bade him choose which he would. Show to me, said she, the place named Golgotha where our Lord was crucified, because and to the end that we may find the cross. Then said Judas: It is two hundred years passed and more, and I was not then yet born. Then said to him the lady: By him that was crucified, I shall make thee perish for hunger if thou tell not to me the truth. Then made she him to be cast into a dry pit and there tormented him by hunger and evil rest. When he had been seven days in that pit, then said he: If I might be drawn out, I should say the truth. Then he was drawn out, and when he came to the place, anon the earth moved, and a fume of great sweetness was felt, in such wise that Judas smote his hands together for joy, and said: In truth, Jesu Christ, thou art the Saviour of the world.**
>
>
> **It was so that Adrian the emperor had do make, in the same place where the cross lay, a temple of a goddess, because that all they that came in that place should adore that goddess, but the queen did do destroy the temple. Then Judas made him ready and began to dig, and when he came to twenty paces deep he found three crosses and brought them to the queen, and because he knew not which was the cross of our Lord, he laid them in the middle of the city and abode the demonstrance of God; and about the hour of noon there was the corps of a young man brought to be buried. Judas retained the bier, and laid upon it one of the crosses, and after the second, and when he laid on it the third, anon the body that was dead came again to life.**
>
>
> Then cried the devil in the air: Judas, what hast thou done? Thou hast done the contrary that the other Judas did, for by him I have won nany souls, and by thee I shall lose many, by him I reigned on the people, and by thee I have lost my realm, nevertheless I shall yield to thee this bounty, for I shall send one that shall punish thee. And that was accomplished by Julian the apostate, which tormented him afterward, when he was bishop of Jerusalem. And when Judas heard him, he cursed the devil and said to him: Jesu Christ damn thee in fire perdurable. After this Judas was baptized and was named Quiriacus, and after was made bishop of Jerusalem.
>
>
> **When Helena had the cross of Jesu Christ, and saw that she had not the nails, then she sent to the bishop Quiriacus that he should go to the place and seek the nails. Then he did dig in the earth so long that he found them shining as gold; then bare he them to the queen, and anon as she saw them she worshipped them with great reverence. Then gave S. Helena a part of the cross to her son and that other part she left in Jerusalem, closed in gold, silver, and precious stones. And her son bare the nails to the emperor, and the emperor did do set them in his bridle and in his helm when he went to battle. This rehearseth Eusebius, which, was bishop of Cæsarea, how be it that others say otherwise.**
>
>
> **Now it happed that Julian the apostate did do slay Quiriacus, that was bishop of Jerusalem, because he had found the cross, for he hated it so much that wheresomever he found the cross he did it to be destroyed. For when he went in battle against them of Persia, he sent and commanded Quiriacus to make sacrifice to the idols, and when he would not do it, he did do smite off his right hand, and said: With this hand hast thou written many letters by which thou repelled much folk from doing sacrifice to our gods. Quiriacus said: Thou wood hound, thou hast done to me great profit, for thou hast cut off the hand with which I have many times written to the synagogues that they should not believe in Jesu Christ, and now sith I am christian thou hast taken from me that which noyed me. Then did Julian do melt lead and cast it in his mouth, and after did do bring a bed of iron and made Quiriacus to be laid and stretched thereon, and after laid under burning coals and threw therein grease and salt for to torment him the more; and when Quiriacus moved not, Julian the emperor said to him: Either thou shalt sacrifice to our gods, or thou shalt say at the least thou art not christian. And when he saw he would do never neither, he did do make a deep pit full of serpents and venomous beasts, and cast him therein. And when he entered, anon the serpents were all dead. Then Julian put him in a caldron of boiling oil, and when he should enter into it he blessed it, and said: Fair Lord, turn this bath to baptism of martyrdom. Then was Julian much angry, and commanded that he should be riven through his heart with a sword, and in this manner finished his life.**
>
>
> The virtue of the cross is declared to us by many miracles; for it happed on a time that one enchanter had deceived a notary and brought him into a place where he had assembled a great company of devils, and promised to him that he would make him to have much riches; and when he came there he saw one person black, sitting on a great chair, and all about him all full of horrible people and black which had spears and swords. Then demanded this great devil of the enchanter who was that clerk. The enchanter said to him: Sir, he is ours. Then said the devil to him: If thou wilt worship me and be my servant and reny Jesu Christ, thou shalt sit on my right side.
>
>
> The clerk Anon blessed him with the sign of the cross, and said that he was the servant of Jesu Christ his Saviour, and anon, as he had made the cross, that great multitude of devils vanished away. It happed that this notary, after this, on a time entered with his lord into the church of S. Sophia and kneeled down on his knees tofore the image of the crucifix, the which crucifix, as it seemed, looked much openly and sharply on him. Then his lord made him to go apart on another side, and always the crucifix turned his eyes towards him; then he made him go on the left side, and yet the crucifix looked on him, then was the lord much amarvelled, and charged him and commanded him that he should tell him whereof he had so deserved that the crucifix so beheld and looked on him. Then said the notary that he could not remember him of no good thing that he had done, save that one time he would not reny ne forsake the crucifix tofore the devil. Then let us so bless us with the sign of the blessed cross that we may thereby be kept from the power of our ghostly and deadly enemy the devil, and by the merits of the glorious passion that our Saviour Jesu Christ suffered on the cross, after this life we may come to his everlasting bliss. Amen.
>
>
>
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/FNN6p.gif)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Fg47F.gif)
After Roman Emperor Hadrian squelched the Second Jewish Revolt in 135 AD, he desecrated the Temple Mount with pagan temples and a statue of himself. He also built a platform with pagan shrines on top of Calvary and the tomb of the Christian’s God and Savior, Jesus. This made the Jewish Temple Mount and both of the Christian sites inaccessible to worshippers, yet at the same time, it preserved the knowledge of their location so that Constantine was able to build the Church of the Holy Sepulcher here. Thus in destroying the Sacred Sites held to Christianity, he actually preserved their locations!
>
> The Jews buried their dead outside the city walls. Jesus himself was crucified outside the city walls:
>
>
> And so Jesus also suffered outside the city gate to make the people holy through his own blood. Let us, then, go to him outside the camp, bearing the disgrace he bore. (Hebrews 13:12-13)
>
>
> Not only that, but Jesus was also buried outside the city in a garden:
>
>
>
> >
> > At the place where Jesus was crucified, there was a garden, and in the garden a new tomb, in which no one had ever been laid. (John 19:41)
> >
> >
> >
>
>
> In 135, after the second Jewish revolt (132-135), Hadrian rebuilt Jerusalem as the Roman city, Aelia Capitolina. He also renamed Judea “Palaestina” (that is, Palestine), after the ancient enemies of the Jews, the Philistines, who had ceased to be a people after the Babylonian invasions around 586 BC. Hadrian built a huge raised platform (a rectangular retaining wall filled with dirt) on the location of this ancient quarry covered with gardens and tombs in an effort to bury Calvary and the tomb of Jesus, an honored site of the Christians. - [The Church of the Holy Sepulchre](http://www.generationword.com/jerusalem101/52-holy-sepulcher.html)
>
>
>
More information may be gleaned from the following article(s):
* [WHY THE TEMPLE OF VENUS?](http://www.askelm.com/golgotha/Golgotha%20Chap%2019.pdf)
* [Stealing the Goddess – Temple of Venus Jerusalem](http://thisculturalchristian.blogspot.com/2011/09/stealing-goddess-temple-of-venus.html) |
51,126 | Can anyone suggest an intuitive way of locking a cam lever such as this?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6uFGU.jpg) | 2022/05/29 | [
"https://engineering.stackexchange.com/questions/51126",
"https://engineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://engineering.stackexchange.com/users/38069/"
] | Many methods come to mind:
1. bolt with a nut through the handle. (depends on what it is securing)
2. a C clip to hold the handle to a given surface.
3. a zip tie around the handle to some fixing or hole. | On the backside of the stuff being clamped, add a spacer tube with a spring over it, then a washer and nylok nut. The handle over-centers and is held by the spring.
See PNs 11,53,58,57,16 in the IPB below. The part description is in the link.
<https://partscatalog.deere.com/jdrc/sidebyside/equipment/66671/referrer/navigation/pgId/407887826>
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/HvDQw.png) |
51,126 | Can anyone suggest an intuitive way of locking a cam lever such as this?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/6uFGU.jpg) | 2022/05/29 | [
"https://engineering.stackexchange.com/questions/51126",
"https://engineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://engineering.stackexchange.com/users/38069/"
] | Many methods come to mind:
1. bolt with a nut through the handle. (depends on what it is securing)
2. a C clip to hold the handle to a given surface.
3. a zip tie around the handle to some fixing or hole. | The European ball-hitch trailer coupler has a suitable mechanism.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/gZsn5.jpg)
*Image source: [Edwards Trailers UK](https://www.edwards-trailers.co.uk/trailer-parts/trailer-parts/couplings-spares/cast-trailer-coupling-50mm-heavy-duty-hitch/).*
* The fingers of the hand are inserted in the handle.
* The thumb presses at (1) to opens the safety catch releasing the handle at (3).
* The handle can now be moved up (2). |
128,881 | I've recently started to work on some iPhone apps, starting from a base where I had essentially no programming experience (I studied Maths & had very few programming modules)
I worked my way through Beginning Mac Programming: Develop with Objective-C and Cocoa and found it useful, while it gave me the feeling that I needed to quickly address my lack of a real foundation in programming.
For the forseeable future my work will involve developing iPhone apps - I want to have a real grasp of objective-c before things get more pressurised in the coming months.
Is my best bet to study c first of all, before worrying about the finer points of objective-c?
If so has anyone had any experience teaching themselves through an online resource? It would be great if someone could recommend a website with which to self-teach c.
Sorry if this covers some old ground but nothing in the similar questions quite answered my question.
Any help is greatly appreciated :) | 2012/01/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/128881",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/44600/"
] | May I recommend K&R.
It is a C programming standard. The book has many exercises and most of the exercises are solved on the web so you can get help when needed. They even have an answers book (sold separately)
The C Programming Language (Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie) ISBN [0131103628](http://www.google.com/search?rls=en&q=isbn%200131103628&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8)
This will teach you the lower level stuff, then you can appreciate the high level convenience that the iOS SDK offers.
To improve you objective-c skills in general stick to the basics. Classes, Memory-management, and read the ViewController Programming guide.
Here is a step by step plan for you.
1) Create an app that you find useful and slightly challenging.
2) Goto step 1)
Before long you will realize what resources you need to improve (whether it is a more solid C programming background, a wider understanding of the available classes within the iOS sdk, or a deeper knowledge of Objective-C and object oriented programming) | Programming knowledge is incredibly versatile. If you know **how** to program, then picking up a language (like objective-c) is as easy as learning the syntax - which you can often find in seconds with a good search engine.
Don't get too caught up on what language you're learning, but what information you're learning. Having graduated(?) with a math emphasis I would feel pretty confident in saying that you have a good grasp of logic, so I'm guessing you have no problems with your standard branching (if, else, functions) and looping (while, for, for-each).
If that's the case, then you'll want to get a good grasp of the other more important concepts (not important because you'll use them more often, but because being able to grasp these other concepts helps you everywhere else). These are some things that helped me:
### Concepts/Algorithms
* Pointers
* Recursion
* Tree traversal
* Sorting
* Prime number generation
* Closures
* Monads (still haven't wrapped my head around this one)
### Sorting
* Quicksort
* Bubble sort
### Data structures
* Arrays
* Dictionaries
* Linked Lists (single and double)
* Hashtables/dictionary
* Sets
* Trees (binary, balanced)
* Circular arrays
* graphs
The issue with these isn't to say "Oh yeah, I can write X feature" but that they teach you how to think about issues that crop up in programming. So far I haven't written one single linked list, hashmap, or graph traversal. Heck, I haven't used pointers or iterators really at all (at least not the C/C++ variety). I don't even think that I've used recursion. Granted I've been out of school for less than a year... but I definitely credit my current skill and successes to the foundations I laid in school. |
128,881 | I've recently started to work on some iPhone apps, starting from a base where I had essentially no programming experience (I studied Maths & had very few programming modules)
I worked my way through Beginning Mac Programming: Develop with Objective-C and Cocoa and found it useful, while it gave me the feeling that I needed to quickly address my lack of a real foundation in programming.
For the forseeable future my work will involve developing iPhone apps - I want to have a real grasp of objective-c before things get more pressurised in the coming months.
Is my best bet to study c first of all, before worrying about the finer points of objective-c?
If so has anyone had any experience teaching themselves through an online resource? It would be great if someone could recommend a website with which to self-teach c.
Sorry if this covers some old ground but nothing in the similar questions quite answered my question.
Any help is greatly appreciated :) | 2012/01/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/128881",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/44600/"
] | May I recommend K&R.
It is a C programming standard. The book has many exercises and most of the exercises are solved on the web so you can get help when needed. They even have an answers book (sold separately)
The C Programming Language (Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie) ISBN [0131103628](http://www.google.com/search?rls=en&q=isbn%200131103628&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8)
This will teach you the lower level stuff, then you can appreciate the high level convenience that the iOS SDK offers.
To improve you objective-c skills in general stick to the basics. Classes, Memory-management, and read the ViewController Programming guide.
Here is a step by step plan for you.
1) Create an app that you find useful and slightly challenging.
2) Goto step 1)
Before long you will realize what resources you need to improve (whether it is a more solid C programming background, a wider understanding of the available classes within the iOS sdk, or a deeper knowledge of Objective-C and object oriented programming) | When you mention you need to bolster your programming foundation, I think of language agnostic things like basic logic/reasoning/algorith skills (being able to take a problem and split it into logical steps so you can walk the computer through performing the tasks) and fundamental programming concepts like flow control, value vs reference types (heap vs stack), etc. Since it sounds like you will be mostly working with Obj-C, I'd add in basic OOP concepts as well (what is an object? inheritance, polymorphism, etc...)
Any language (with the caveat that you obviously need to use an OOP language to practice OOP concepts) will help you learn the above. Additionally, there are many non-programming related tasks I like to do to work on my logic - learning more about math, solving brain teasers and puzzles, and learning how to think and solve problems in an efficient manner.
Now, if you have a need to learn Objective-C, there's no reason not to study that exclusively for awhile. At some point, it will definitely be in your best interest to branch out and study a number of languages - my path has taken me all over the place. Obj-C, C, C++. C#, Java, PHP, etc...). The more languages I study, the more I can see and appreciate the pros/cons of each one, and understand why you would use one over the other for a particular project.
However, since you say you will be programming iOS - start with that. Pick up books that focus on iPhone projects. Learn the APIs and methods available to you. There are a ton of great books, blogs, tutorials, etc... which focus on iOS apps and their particular constraints (for example, no garbage collection means you have to be very aware of releasing objects after you are done with them, and understanding retain counts).
Start with what you need to know, and let your curiosity guide you. |
128,881 | I've recently started to work on some iPhone apps, starting from a base where I had essentially no programming experience (I studied Maths & had very few programming modules)
I worked my way through Beginning Mac Programming: Develop with Objective-C and Cocoa and found it useful, while it gave me the feeling that I needed to quickly address my lack of a real foundation in programming.
For the forseeable future my work will involve developing iPhone apps - I want to have a real grasp of objective-c before things get more pressurised in the coming months.
Is my best bet to study c first of all, before worrying about the finer points of objective-c?
If so has anyone had any experience teaching themselves through an online resource? It would be great if someone could recommend a website with which to self-teach c.
Sorry if this covers some old ground but nothing in the similar questions quite answered my question.
Any help is greatly appreciated :) | 2012/01/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/128881",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/44600/"
] | May I recommend K&R.
It is a C programming standard. The book has many exercises and most of the exercises are solved on the web so you can get help when needed. They even have an answers book (sold separately)
The C Programming Language (Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie) ISBN [0131103628](http://www.google.com/search?rls=en&q=isbn%200131103628&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8)
This will teach you the lower level stuff, then you can appreciate the high level convenience that the iOS SDK offers.
To improve you objective-c skills in general stick to the basics. Classes, Memory-management, and read the ViewController Programming guide.
Here is a step by step plan for you.
1) Create an app that you find useful and slightly challenging.
2) Goto step 1)
Before long you will realize what resources you need to improve (whether it is a more solid C programming background, a wider understanding of the available classes within the iOS sdk, or a deeper knowledge of Objective-C and object oriented programming) | Start with objective-C material first - you'll learn a little C in the course of doing that, but for the iPhone you probably want to just do everything the Cocoa way. Learning old school C will not be very useful for that, and will probably just be confusing.
The basic concepts will be similar in both languages, but there's no point in learning two ways of doing things right off the bat - get comfortable with one, then explore alternatives. |
128,881 | I've recently started to work on some iPhone apps, starting from a base where I had essentially no programming experience (I studied Maths & had very few programming modules)
I worked my way through Beginning Mac Programming: Develop with Objective-C and Cocoa and found it useful, while it gave me the feeling that I needed to quickly address my lack of a real foundation in programming.
For the forseeable future my work will involve developing iPhone apps - I want to have a real grasp of objective-c before things get more pressurised in the coming months.
Is my best bet to study c first of all, before worrying about the finer points of objective-c?
If so has anyone had any experience teaching themselves through an online resource? It would be great if someone could recommend a website with which to self-teach c.
Sorry if this covers some old ground but nothing in the similar questions quite answered my question.
Any help is greatly appreciated :) | 2012/01/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/128881",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/44600/"
] | May I recommend K&R.
It is a C programming standard. The book has many exercises and most of the exercises are solved on the web so you can get help when needed. They even have an answers book (sold separately)
The C Programming Language (Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie) ISBN [0131103628](http://www.google.com/search?rls=en&q=isbn%200131103628&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8)
This will teach you the lower level stuff, then you can appreciate the high level convenience that the iOS SDK offers.
To improve you objective-c skills in general stick to the basics. Classes, Memory-management, and read the ViewController Programming guide.
Here is a step by step plan for you.
1) Create an app that you find useful and slightly challenging.
2) Goto step 1)
Before long you will realize what resources you need to improve (whether it is a more solid C programming background, a wider understanding of the available classes within the iOS sdk, or a deeper knowledge of Objective-C and object oriented programming) | I myself do come from a similar background, after completing my Btech(BE) in Mechanical it took some time and research for me to get into Programing world (Computers).
I think read Objective C than C, because there is a difference in the way you would think in C and in objective c and From My opinion if you understand Obective C, it would be easier for you to go thru C language concepts.
Apart from that: There is a constant need of Learning and you may need to connect those dots. Be a part of a Group where you can discuss any thing (StackExchange for e.g.)
1. Do lot of Google / Stack Exchange / Stack Overflow for any curious question. There is lot of content available online.
2. Understand the concept of Memory in an Operating System. Ram VS Hard Disk Memory. Understand how a source code (in any language in general) is converted to an Executable. Don't go into the details, but get a feel of whats happening inside the box.
3. Understand Objective C first, give importance to the concepts then to syntax. But Yeah be familiar with one language syntax also. Then move Cocoa framework, using which you would be able to do iphone /ipad apps. For that you have Apple Programing Guide, which covers all of it in details and in depth.
4. Understand and read about Data Structures, understand what it is and why do we need it, try to use your knowledge in objective c and practice data structures. Eg. try to create a linked list using objective c. Try to write your own implementation of NSMutableArray and NSArray.
5. Later read about algorithms and understand the concepts there.
6. Try to solve puzzles (use programing if required).Be good with Logic and thank your Brain for always being there for you!!! |
128,881 | I've recently started to work on some iPhone apps, starting from a base where I had essentially no programming experience (I studied Maths & had very few programming modules)
I worked my way through Beginning Mac Programming: Develop with Objective-C and Cocoa and found it useful, while it gave me the feeling that I needed to quickly address my lack of a real foundation in programming.
For the forseeable future my work will involve developing iPhone apps - I want to have a real grasp of objective-c before things get more pressurised in the coming months.
Is my best bet to study c first of all, before worrying about the finer points of objective-c?
If so has anyone had any experience teaching themselves through an online resource? It would be great if someone could recommend a website with which to self-teach c.
Sorry if this covers some old ground but nothing in the similar questions quite answered my question.
Any help is greatly appreciated :) | 2012/01/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/128881",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/44600/"
] | Programming knowledge is incredibly versatile. If you know **how** to program, then picking up a language (like objective-c) is as easy as learning the syntax - which you can often find in seconds with a good search engine.
Don't get too caught up on what language you're learning, but what information you're learning. Having graduated(?) with a math emphasis I would feel pretty confident in saying that you have a good grasp of logic, so I'm guessing you have no problems with your standard branching (if, else, functions) and looping (while, for, for-each).
If that's the case, then you'll want to get a good grasp of the other more important concepts (not important because you'll use them more often, but because being able to grasp these other concepts helps you everywhere else). These are some things that helped me:
### Concepts/Algorithms
* Pointers
* Recursion
* Tree traversal
* Sorting
* Prime number generation
* Closures
* Monads (still haven't wrapped my head around this one)
### Sorting
* Quicksort
* Bubble sort
### Data structures
* Arrays
* Dictionaries
* Linked Lists (single and double)
* Hashtables/dictionary
* Sets
* Trees (binary, balanced)
* Circular arrays
* graphs
The issue with these isn't to say "Oh yeah, I can write X feature" but that they teach you how to think about issues that crop up in programming. So far I haven't written one single linked list, hashmap, or graph traversal. Heck, I haven't used pointers or iterators really at all (at least not the C/C++ variety). I don't even think that I've used recursion. Granted I've been out of school for less than a year... but I definitely credit my current skill and successes to the foundations I laid in school. | When you mention you need to bolster your programming foundation, I think of language agnostic things like basic logic/reasoning/algorith skills (being able to take a problem and split it into logical steps so you can walk the computer through performing the tasks) and fundamental programming concepts like flow control, value vs reference types (heap vs stack), etc. Since it sounds like you will be mostly working with Obj-C, I'd add in basic OOP concepts as well (what is an object? inheritance, polymorphism, etc...)
Any language (with the caveat that you obviously need to use an OOP language to practice OOP concepts) will help you learn the above. Additionally, there are many non-programming related tasks I like to do to work on my logic - learning more about math, solving brain teasers and puzzles, and learning how to think and solve problems in an efficient manner.
Now, if you have a need to learn Objective-C, there's no reason not to study that exclusively for awhile. At some point, it will definitely be in your best interest to branch out and study a number of languages - my path has taken me all over the place. Obj-C, C, C++. C#, Java, PHP, etc...). The more languages I study, the more I can see and appreciate the pros/cons of each one, and understand why you would use one over the other for a particular project.
However, since you say you will be programming iOS - start with that. Pick up books that focus on iPhone projects. Learn the APIs and methods available to you. There are a ton of great books, blogs, tutorials, etc... which focus on iOS apps and their particular constraints (for example, no garbage collection means you have to be very aware of releasing objects after you are done with them, and understanding retain counts).
Start with what you need to know, and let your curiosity guide you. |
128,881 | I've recently started to work on some iPhone apps, starting from a base where I had essentially no programming experience (I studied Maths & had very few programming modules)
I worked my way through Beginning Mac Programming: Develop with Objective-C and Cocoa and found it useful, while it gave me the feeling that I needed to quickly address my lack of a real foundation in programming.
For the forseeable future my work will involve developing iPhone apps - I want to have a real grasp of objective-c before things get more pressurised in the coming months.
Is my best bet to study c first of all, before worrying about the finer points of objective-c?
If so has anyone had any experience teaching themselves through an online resource? It would be great if someone could recommend a website with which to self-teach c.
Sorry if this covers some old ground but nothing in the similar questions quite answered my question.
Any help is greatly appreciated :) | 2012/01/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/128881",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/44600/"
] | Programming knowledge is incredibly versatile. If you know **how** to program, then picking up a language (like objective-c) is as easy as learning the syntax - which you can often find in seconds with a good search engine.
Don't get too caught up on what language you're learning, but what information you're learning. Having graduated(?) with a math emphasis I would feel pretty confident in saying that you have a good grasp of logic, so I'm guessing you have no problems with your standard branching (if, else, functions) and looping (while, for, for-each).
If that's the case, then you'll want to get a good grasp of the other more important concepts (not important because you'll use them more often, but because being able to grasp these other concepts helps you everywhere else). These are some things that helped me:
### Concepts/Algorithms
* Pointers
* Recursion
* Tree traversal
* Sorting
* Prime number generation
* Closures
* Monads (still haven't wrapped my head around this one)
### Sorting
* Quicksort
* Bubble sort
### Data structures
* Arrays
* Dictionaries
* Linked Lists (single and double)
* Hashtables/dictionary
* Sets
* Trees (binary, balanced)
* Circular arrays
* graphs
The issue with these isn't to say "Oh yeah, I can write X feature" but that they teach you how to think about issues that crop up in programming. So far I haven't written one single linked list, hashmap, or graph traversal. Heck, I haven't used pointers or iterators really at all (at least not the C/C++ variety). I don't even think that I've used recursion. Granted I've been out of school for less than a year... but I definitely credit my current skill and successes to the foundations I laid in school. | Start with objective-C material first - you'll learn a little C in the course of doing that, but for the iPhone you probably want to just do everything the Cocoa way. Learning old school C will not be very useful for that, and will probably just be confusing.
The basic concepts will be similar in both languages, but there's no point in learning two ways of doing things right off the bat - get comfortable with one, then explore alternatives. |
128,881 | I've recently started to work on some iPhone apps, starting from a base where I had essentially no programming experience (I studied Maths & had very few programming modules)
I worked my way through Beginning Mac Programming: Develop with Objective-C and Cocoa and found it useful, while it gave me the feeling that I needed to quickly address my lack of a real foundation in programming.
For the forseeable future my work will involve developing iPhone apps - I want to have a real grasp of objective-c before things get more pressurised in the coming months.
Is my best bet to study c first of all, before worrying about the finer points of objective-c?
If so has anyone had any experience teaching themselves through an online resource? It would be great if someone could recommend a website with which to self-teach c.
Sorry if this covers some old ground but nothing in the similar questions quite answered my question.
Any help is greatly appreciated :) | 2012/01/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/128881",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/44600/"
] | Programming knowledge is incredibly versatile. If you know **how** to program, then picking up a language (like objective-c) is as easy as learning the syntax - which you can often find in seconds with a good search engine.
Don't get too caught up on what language you're learning, but what information you're learning. Having graduated(?) with a math emphasis I would feel pretty confident in saying that you have a good grasp of logic, so I'm guessing you have no problems with your standard branching (if, else, functions) and looping (while, for, for-each).
If that's the case, then you'll want to get a good grasp of the other more important concepts (not important because you'll use them more often, but because being able to grasp these other concepts helps you everywhere else). These are some things that helped me:
### Concepts/Algorithms
* Pointers
* Recursion
* Tree traversal
* Sorting
* Prime number generation
* Closures
* Monads (still haven't wrapped my head around this one)
### Sorting
* Quicksort
* Bubble sort
### Data structures
* Arrays
* Dictionaries
* Linked Lists (single and double)
* Hashtables/dictionary
* Sets
* Trees (binary, balanced)
* Circular arrays
* graphs
The issue with these isn't to say "Oh yeah, I can write X feature" but that they teach you how to think about issues that crop up in programming. So far I haven't written one single linked list, hashmap, or graph traversal. Heck, I haven't used pointers or iterators really at all (at least not the C/C++ variety). I don't even think that I've used recursion. Granted I've been out of school for less than a year... but I definitely credit my current skill and successes to the foundations I laid in school. | I myself do come from a similar background, after completing my Btech(BE) in Mechanical it took some time and research for me to get into Programing world (Computers).
I think read Objective C than C, because there is a difference in the way you would think in C and in objective c and From My opinion if you understand Obective C, it would be easier for you to go thru C language concepts.
Apart from that: There is a constant need of Learning and you may need to connect those dots. Be a part of a Group where you can discuss any thing (StackExchange for e.g.)
1. Do lot of Google / Stack Exchange / Stack Overflow for any curious question. There is lot of content available online.
2. Understand the concept of Memory in an Operating System. Ram VS Hard Disk Memory. Understand how a source code (in any language in general) is converted to an Executable. Don't go into the details, but get a feel of whats happening inside the box.
3. Understand Objective C first, give importance to the concepts then to syntax. But Yeah be familiar with one language syntax also. Then move Cocoa framework, using which you would be able to do iphone /ipad apps. For that you have Apple Programing Guide, which covers all of it in details and in depth.
4. Understand and read about Data Structures, understand what it is and why do we need it, try to use your knowledge in objective c and practice data structures. Eg. try to create a linked list using objective c. Try to write your own implementation of NSMutableArray and NSArray.
5. Later read about algorithms and understand the concepts there.
6. Try to solve puzzles (use programing if required).Be good with Logic and thank your Brain for always being there for you!!! |
128,881 | I've recently started to work on some iPhone apps, starting from a base where I had essentially no programming experience (I studied Maths & had very few programming modules)
I worked my way through Beginning Mac Programming: Develop with Objective-C and Cocoa and found it useful, while it gave me the feeling that I needed to quickly address my lack of a real foundation in programming.
For the forseeable future my work will involve developing iPhone apps - I want to have a real grasp of objective-c before things get more pressurised in the coming months.
Is my best bet to study c first of all, before worrying about the finer points of objective-c?
If so has anyone had any experience teaching themselves through an online resource? It would be great if someone could recommend a website with which to self-teach c.
Sorry if this covers some old ground but nothing in the similar questions quite answered my question.
Any help is greatly appreciated :) | 2012/01/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/128881",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/44600/"
] | When you mention you need to bolster your programming foundation, I think of language agnostic things like basic logic/reasoning/algorith skills (being able to take a problem and split it into logical steps so you can walk the computer through performing the tasks) and fundamental programming concepts like flow control, value vs reference types (heap vs stack), etc. Since it sounds like you will be mostly working with Obj-C, I'd add in basic OOP concepts as well (what is an object? inheritance, polymorphism, etc...)
Any language (with the caveat that you obviously need to use an OOP language to practice OOP concepts) will help you learn the above. Additionally, there are many non-programming related tasks I like to do to work on my logic - learning more about math, solving brain teasers and puzzles, and learning how to think and solve problems in an efficient manner.
Now, if you have a need to learn Objective-C, there's no reason not to study that exclusively for awhile. At some point, it will definitely be in your best interest to branch out and study a number of languages - my path has taken me all over the place. Obj-C, C, C++. C#, Java, PHP, etc...). The more languages I study, the more I can see and appreciate the pros/cons of each one, and understand why you would use one over the other for a particular project.
However, since you say you will be programming iOS - start with that. Pick up books that focus on iPhone projects. Learn the APIs and methods available to you. There are a ton of great books, blogs, tutorials, etc... which focus on iOS apps and their particular constraints (for example, no garbage collection means you have to be very aware of releasing objects after you are done with them, and understanding retain counts).
Start with what you need to know, and let your curiosity guide you. | Start with objective-C material first - you'll learn a little C in the course of doing that, but for the iPhone you probably want to just do everything the Cocoa way. Learning old school C will not be very useful for that, and will probably just be confusing.
The basic concepts will be similar in both languages, but there's no point in learning two ways of doing things right off the bat - get comfortable with one, then explore alternatives. |
128,881 | I've recently started to work on some iPhone apps, starting from a base where I had essentially no programming experience (I studied Maths & had very few programming modules)
I worked my way through Beginning Mac Programming: Develop with Objective-C and Cocoa and found it useful, while it gave me the feeling that I needed to quickly address my lack of a real foundation in programming.
For the forseeable future my work will involve developing iPhone apps - I want to have a real grasp of objective-c before things get more pressurised in the coming months.
Is my best bet to study c first of all, before worrying about the finer points of objective-c?
If so has anyone had any experience teaching themselves through an online resource? It would be great if someone could recommend a website with which to self-teach c.
Sorry if this covers some old ground but nothing in the similar questions quite answered my question.
Any help is greatly appreciated :) | 2012/01/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/128881",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/44600/"
] | When you mention you need to bolster your programming foundation, I think of language agnostic things like basic logic/reasoning/algorith skills (being able to take a problem and split it into logical steps so you can walk the computer through performing the tasks) and fundamental programming concepts like flow control, value vs reference types (heap vs stack), etc. Since it sounds like you will be mostly working with Obj-C, I'd add in basic OOP concepts as well (what is an object? inheritance, polymorphism, etc...)
Any language (with the caveat that you obviously need to use an OOP language to practice OOP concepts) will help you learn the above. Additionally, there are many non-programming related tasks I like to do to work on my logic - learning more about math, solving brain teasers and puzzles, and learning how to think and solve problems in an efficient manner.
Now, if you have a need to learn Objective-C, there's no reason not to study that exclusively for awhile. At some point, it will definitely be in your best interest to branch out and study a number of languages - my path has taken me all over the place. Obj-C, C, C++. C#, Java, PHP, etc...). The more languages I study, the more I can see and appreciate the pros/cons of each one, and understand why you would use one over the other for a particular project.
However, since you say you will be programming iOS - start with that. Pick up books that focus on iPhone projects. Learn the APIs and methods available to you. There are a ton of great books, blogs, tutorials, etc... which focus on iOS apps and their particular constraints (for example, no garbage collection means you have to be very aware of releasing objects after you are done with them, and understanding retain counts).
Start with what you need to know, and let your curiosity guide you. | I myself do come from a similar background, after completing my Btech(BE) in Mechanical it took some time and research for me to get into Programing world (Computers).
I think read Objective C than C, because there is a difference in the way you would think in C and in objective c and From My opinion if you understand Obective C, it would be easier for you to go thru C language concepts.
Apart from that: There is a constant need of Learning and you may need to connect those dots. Be a part of a Group where you can discuss any thing (StackExchange for e.g.)
1. Do lot of Google / Stack Exchange / Stack Overflow for any curious question. There is lot of content available online.
2. Understand the concept of Memory in an Operating System. Ram VS Hard Disk Memory. Understand how a source code (in any language in general) is converted to an Executable. Don't go into the details, but get a feel of whats happening inside the box.
3. Understand Objective C first, give importance to the concepts then to syntax. But Yeah be familiar with one language syntax also. Then move Cocoa framework, using which you would be able to do iphone /ipad apps. For that you have Apple Programing Guide, which covers all of it in details and in depth.
4. Understand and read about Data Structures, understand what it is and why do we need it, try to use your knowledge in objective c and practice data structures. Eg. try to create a linked list using objective c. Try to write your own implementation of NSMutableArray and NSArray.
5. Later read about algorithms and understand the concepts there.
6. Try to solve puzzles (use programing if required).Be good with Logic and thank your Brain for always being there for you!!! |
18,045,768 | I have a SaaS Symfony2 project with many bundles and a global database connection defined in config.yml.
Now lets say, a specific client wants some custom funcionality. Because I want it to be integrated with my main project I decided to create a new bundle with the code specific of that client. That bundle might need some new database tables, but because they are specific to that client I create a new database with them.
Then I need to define a new doctrine connection. Instead of putting all the conenction settings in the main config.yml (which can become quite confusing if I have 10 clients with a specific bundle) is there any way I can define it in some config file inside the client bundle?. That way I can easily encapsulate all the client code and configurations inside the bundle
I think that it might be possible with the Dependency Injection componnet and using a Compiler Pass to create the new database connection based in some parameters file defined in the bundle but I am not sure how to do it. Also I need to define some listeners related to the connection (Doctrine Extensions) which makes the task even harder.
I think I will have only one "client bundle" active in each request, so maybe I can define some "client" connection and then change the connection string at runtime? (Well in this case I need to make sure to load only the correct client bundle, based on subdomain or something).
Thank you for your help. | 2013/08/04 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/18045768",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/407468/"
] | You could start from DoctrineExtension.php in /vendor/doctrine-bundle/Doctrine/Bundle/DoctrineBundle/DependencyInjection/
It contains two methods loadDbalConnection() and loadOrmEntityManager() that load the configuration values and build Connection and Mappings objects.
You can copy the code you need from that class. | Take a look at \src\Acme\DemoBundle\DependencyInjection\AcmeDemoExtension.php and the folder \src\Acme\DemoBundle\Resources\config\* With that you can load yml or xml files and setup the database connection and the mappings you need. |
186,507 | I was looking for a pattern to model something I'm thinking of doing in a personal project and I was wondering if a modified version of the decorator patter would work.
Basicly I'm thinking of creating a game where the characters attributes are modified by what items they have equiped. The way that the decorator stacks it's modifications is perfect for this, however I've never seen a decorator that allows you to drop intermediate decorators, which is what would happen when items are unequiped.
Does anyone have experience using the decorator pattern in this way? Or am I barking up the wrong tree?
**Clarification**
To explain "Intermediate decorators" if for example my base class is coffe which is decorated with milk which is decorated with sugar (using the example in Head first design patterns) milk would be an intermediate decorator as it decorates the base coffee, and is decorated by the sugar.
**Yet More Clarification :)**
The idea is that items change stats, I'd agree that I am shoehorning the decorator into this. I'll look into the state bag. essentially I want a single point of call for the statistics and for them to go up/down when items are equiped/unequiped.
I could just apply the modifiers to the characters stats on equiping and roll them back when unequiping. Or whenever a stat is asked for iterate through all the items and calculate the stat.
I'm just looking for feedback here, I'm aware that I might be using a chainsaw where scissors would be more appropriate... | 2008/10/09 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/186507",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/20400/"
] | Just keep 2 sets of stats, your base stats and your effective stats. When you equip or unequip an item add or subtract from the effective stats where appropriate. Then you don't have to traverse your equipment list every time you want to know what your stats are. | Why not code the weapons as follows:
1 = chainsaw
2 = shotgun
4 = rail gun
So now the sum of 6 can only mean that the character possesses the shotgun and the rail gun. This is a fast summary so you do not have to iterate through your list of dictionary of weapons. You still need some structure to contain the weapons, but at least you'll get speed with this approach. This presupposes that you can have only one weapon of each category, but many categories simultaneously. |
186,507 | I was looking for a pattern to model something I'm thinking of doing in a personal project and I was wondering if a modified version of the decorator patter would work.
Basicly I'm thinking of creating a game where the characters attributes are modified by what items they have equiped. The way that the decorator stacks it's modifications is perfect for this, however I've never seen a decorator that allows you to drop intermediate decorators, which is what would happen when items are unequiped.
Does anyone have experience using the decorator pattern in this way? Or am I barking up the wrong tree?
**Clarification**
To explain "Intermediate decorators" if for example my base class is coffe which is decorated with milk which is decorated with sugar (using the example in Head first design patterns) milk would be an intermediate decorator as it decorates the base coffee, and is decorated by the sugar.
**Yet More Clarification :)**
The idea is that items change stats, I'd agree that I am shoehorning the decorator into this. I'll look into the state bag. essentially I want a single point of call for the statistics and for them to go up/down when items are equiped/unequiped.
I could just apply the modifiers to the characters stats on equiping and roll them back when unequiping. Or whenever a stat is asked for iterate through all the items and calculate the stat.
I'm just looking for feedback here, I'm aware that I might be using a chainsaw where scissors would be more appropriate... | 2008/10/09 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/186507",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/20400/"
] | To be honest, it sounds like you're really trying to fit a pattern where you don't really need one, just for the sake of using a pattern. Don't be that guy.
Now, if the weapons gave the character some extra strength/stam/hp or whatever, then it might be worth considering. But it doesn't sound like you're going to be modifying (or decorating) the properties of the character at all with these. | Just keep 2 sets of stats, your base stats and your effective stats. When you equip or unequip an item add or subtract from the effective stats where appropriate. Then you don't have to traverse your equipment list every time you want to know what your stats are. |
186,507 | I was looking for a pattern to model something I'm thinking of doing in a personal project and I was wondering if a modified version of the decorator patter would work.
Basicly I'm thinking of creating a game where the characters attributes are modified by what items they have equiped. The way that the decorator stacks it's modifications is perfect for this, however I've never seen a decorator that allows you to drop intermediate decorators, which is what would happen when items are unequiped.
Does anyone have experience using the decorator pattern in this way? Or am I barking up the wrong tree?
**Clarification**
To explain "Intermediate decorators" if for example my base class is coffe which is decorated with milk which is decorated with sugar (using the example in Head first design patterns) milk would be an intermediate decorator as it decorates the base coffee, and is decorated by the sugar.
**Yet More Clarification :)**
The idea is that items change stats, I'd agree that I am shoehorning the decorator into this. I'll look into the state bag. essentially I want a single point of call for the statistics and for them to go up/down when items are equiped/unequiped.
I could just apply the modifiers to the characters stats on equiping and roll them back when unequiping. Or whenever a stat is asked for iterate through all the items and calculate the stat.
I'm just looking for feedback here, I'm aware that I might be using a chainsaw where scissors would be more appropriate... | 2008/10/09 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/186507",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/20400/"
] | I know this question is old, but this might help somone else if not the OP. Read this article, to understand how this sort of thing really should be done in games (by one of the devs who worked on the Tony Hawk games):
<http://cowboyprogramming.com/2007/01/05/evolve-your-heirachy/>
Compose your entities/game objects. For constructing entity behaviours in games, never, NEVER rely on inheritance, or on anything that itself relies on inheritance in any way -- this includes the decorator pattern as the OP suggested. You will be tying your own hands. Composition is THE way to go. | Are you looking for the Strategy pattern? |
186,507 | I was looking for a pattern to model something I'm thinking of doing in a personal project and I was wondering if a modified version of the decorator patter would work.
Basicly I'm thinking of creating a game where the characters attributes are modified by what items they have equiped. The way that the decorator stacks it's modifications is perfect for this, however I've never seen a decorator that allows you to drop intermediate decorators, which is what would happen when items are unequiped.
Does anyone have experience using the decorator pattern in this way? Or am I barking up the wrong tree?
**Clarification**
To explain "Intermediate decorators" if for example my base class is coffe which is decorated with milk which is decorated with sugar (using the example in Head first design patterns) milk would be an intermediate decorator as it decorates the base coffee, and is decorated by the sugar.
**Yet More Clarification :)**
The idea is that items change stats, I'd agree that I am shoehorning the decorator into this. I'll look into the state bag. essentially I want a single point of call for the statistics and for them to go up/down when items are equiped/unequiped.
I could just apply the modifiers to the characters stats on equiping and roll them back when unequiping. Or whenever a stat is asked for iterate through all the items and calculate the stat.
I'm just looking for feedback here, I'm aware that I might be using a chainsaw where scissors would be more appropriate... | 2008/10/09 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/186507",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/20400/"
] | I know this question is old, but this might help somone else if not the OP. Read this article, to understand how this sort of thing really should be done in games (by one of the devs who worked on the Tony Hawk games):
<http://cowboyprogramming.com/2007/01/05/evolve-your-heirachy/>
Compose your entities/game objects. For constructing entity behaviours in games, never, NEVER rely on inheritance, or on anything that itself relies on inheritance in any way -- this includes the decorator pattern as the OP suggested. You will be tying your own hands. Composition is THE way to go. | Why not code the weapons as follows:
1 = chainsaw
2 = shotgun
4 = rail gun
So now the sum of 6 can only mean that the character possesses the shotgun and the rail gun. This is a fast summary so you do not have to iterate through your list of dictionary of weapons. You still need some structure to contain the weapons, but at least you'll get speed with this approach. This presupposes that you can have only one weapon of each category, but many categories simultaneously. |
55,238 | One of the major regrets in life is that I didn't do something with my introversion. I didn't manage to get past the first year of college because of that. I have chosen the path where there are no video games and other time sinks, all I have is the internet to quench my thirst of learning the ins and outs of the field of Web Developing/Designing. Though currently, I'm taking a Web Design Associate course at one of the best Computer Arts and this is the last month of the class.
Even though I'm still a sapling, I love this field so much. So basically, At school I'm learning web design while at home I'm teaching myself web-developing.
First thing first, returning to college seems impossible at the moment because of some financial problems.
I'm pretty comfortable with CSS and HTML and I'm into PHP/MySQL at the moment. **Could you please provide me a web-development Curriculum to follow.** And do I need to learn about the theories behind?
And I think I'm still young(I'm 18 at the time of writing). **Is it a good thing or bad thing for choosing this path?** I'm glad with my decision but in all honesty, **I'm worrying about my future and employment because I'm an undergrad**, coming from a country where companies are degree b!tches, it saddens me so.
Thank you.
(My questions are the bold parts. ) | 2011/03/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/55238",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | I question the wisdom of asking programmers for life advice :) but with the caveat that everyone's path is best left to themselves, here's my little thoughts:
1. If finances are tight, learning enough to make money wouldn't be a bad starting point. I see dozens of requests for PHP/MySQL programmers daily, and while I wouldn't imagine liking any of those positions for long, they might be just the springboard you need to make some money while learning how to program. If you want to go down this route, I suggest starting at the [PHP Security Manual](http://php.net/manual/en/security.php). (Mostly because too many PHP programmers never learn how to avoid [cross-site scripting problems](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting) or [SQL injection](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sql_injection) attacks. You can write bad code in any language, but PHP seems to be a haven for bad programs.)
2. Learning Ruby on Rails would let you build sophisticated web sites quickly, but it requires a little more discipline than PHP coding to get started. Learning about the *reasons* for the discipline may take years :) but the short version is "an ounce of prevention vs a pound of cleaning up after bad code". The usual introduction is the Pragmatic Programmers [Agile Web Development with Ruby on Rails](http://pragprog.com/titles/rails4/agile-web-development-with-rails). (The URL is for the beta version of the next book, which ought to be out soon. Still a great starting point.)
3. Since so much of web design is usability, legibility, and following conventions, I strongly recommend reading [A List Apart](http://www.alistapart.com/).
As for what to actually *do*, I would recommend making a website that *interests* you. If you love fishing, put together a website to accept posts from fellow anglers about their favorite fishing spots, and look into what's required for adding Google Maps integration, add a fish database, and so on. If you're really into math, try building a calculator. Keep adding features. Just pick something that you think you can work on until the wee hours of the morning for weeks on end. (Me? Addicted to answering questions on stackoverflow? Never!) Show friends, ask for input, and then try following up on it. See what you can do. :)
I think being well-rounded in abilities makes a huge difference; it might not hurt to try solving problems at <http://projecteuler.net/> with several languages. Roll a die to decide between Python, Ruby, C, C++, PHP, Erlang, Java, C#, JavaScript, whatever looks interesting. | First, I'd like to commend you for the guts and courage to ask for advice, isn't always easy to do.
As another self-taught programmer, I've been where you are now, know a few things, have done a few things.
I think there are a few tip's I'd like to pass on.
1. Never stop learning, and assume you know all that is needed to be known. There is never a point in your career, where you can settle for just doing what you know, and knowing and learning more. Because when that occur's your career is gonna die.
2. Read and Practice, the more you read, and then practice what you read, the better off you will be. Probably my biggest key was that I created a lot of sites that forced me to learn or self-destruct.
3. It takes a lot of self-discipline to be a great programmer, because it takes more than talent or skill to become good. From how to work with source control, what kind of best practices make sense or not sense to your current work environment. How to deploy your code from dev to production. How to handle and manage a good development environment. How to become more than a cowboy coder.
4. Planning is a huge must have for any good professional programmer, before you have any code or design work done, make sure you have a clearly written plan, that meet's the goals or objectives you are trying to meet, whether they are your own or someone else's. Seen so many people and companies waste time and money because of no planning, and no clear thinking, and no deciding capabilities. Plan your day, plan your job, make sure everything is as thought out, as you want the result to appear to be.
5. Always assume someone else is going to have read your code, and think it's a piece of crap. This is something in our dna, we always think other people's code is crap :) So always assume that your not just coding for yourself, but for the future programmer that has to fix or update or modify your code.
6. Clear Written and Logically Easy To Understand code is worth it's weight in gold. How do you indent, do you have everything in mixed case or all lower or upper case. Whatever language you use, are you using the standard coding styles? Can other people in your skillset understand what you did and why?
7. What happens if you die or go someplace else? Is your code understandable, and well thought out so that if someone else had to modify it, it wouldn't be too hard?
8. Do Short Term, Think Long Term. Yes we have all our daily work that we must do, to pay the bills, but we also must think long term about: Training, Code Performance/Scalability, Design, Coding Standards, Coding Styles, Coding Frameworks.
Being a programmer is a craft, like being a blacksmith is a craft.
And there's far more to master than just doing horse shoe's, it's all the other stuff beneath the tip of the iceberg, that can kill you, if you don't master it.
Good luck! |
55,238 | One of the major regrets in life is that I didn't do something with my introversion. I didn't manage to get past the first year of college because of that. I have chosen the path where there are no video games and other time sinks, all I have is the internet to quench my thirst of learning the ins and outs of the field of Web Developing/Designing. Though currently, I'm taking a Web Design Associate course at one of the best Computer Arts and this is the last month of the class.
Even though I'm still a sapling, I love this field so much. So basically, At school I'm learning web design while at home I'm teaching myself web-developing.
First thing first, returning to college seems impossible at the moment because of some financial problems.
I'm pretty comfortable with CSS and HTML and I'm into PHP/MySQL at the moment. **Could you please provide me a web-development Curriculum to follow.** And do I need to learn about the theories behind?
And I think I'm still young(I'm 18 at the time of writing). **Is it a good thing or bad thing for choosing this path?** I'm glad with my decision but in all honesty, **I'm worrying about my future and employment because I'm an undergrad**, coming from a country where companies are degree b!tches, it saddens me so.
Thank you.
(My questions are the bold parts. ) | 2011/03/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/55238",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | As far as web-*design* goes, I would suggest you keep your eyes open on the internet and see how other designers do things. A great source to learn about design is [Smashing Magazine](http://www.smashingmagazine.com/). However, that website will only get you so far and you might get stuck trying to do the things they show you. So like I said, just keep your eyes open and see what other designers do, then try to design original websites yourself. My teachers used to tell me to design the craziest websites I could think of, for example I was once told to design a website about elephants, just to get inspired and work on my creativity.
As far as development goes, I suggest you dig deeper in PHP if that's what you're into. If you're self-taught, you might have missed out on some key elements of the language, but of course I don't know how you taught yourself. There are a couple of books I would suggest:
[PHP Objects, Patterns, and Practice, Second Edition](http://apress.com/book/view/9781590599099) has taught me a lot about object-oriented PHP programming and it goes well beyond the basics. If you have the time, you should definitely give it a read.
[PHP in Action](http://www.manning.com/reiersol/) is also focused on OO but goes beyond that and brings in concepts like refactoring and testing.
The <http://www.PHP.net> documentation is also a great resource for figuring things out for yourself, but beware of the code examples. Some of them are just plain wrong.
You can also check out the CodeIgniter framework once you get comfortable with PHP.
If you don't want to stick to PHP, I suggest you take a look at Ruby on Rails; I have recently started that myself coming from a PHP background and I find it to be a very powerful framework. The [Ruby on Rails tutorial](http://ruby.railstutorial.org/) is a good way to get started as it'll guide you through the basics. However, I would suggest a book like [Agile Web Development with Rails](http://pragprog.com/titles/rails2/agile-web-development-with-rails) if you're serious about learning RoR.
Good luck!
(had to put the links in my text cause I'm not allowed to link more than 2 :() | Andrew Grove had a good motto that you seem to be following: ["Only the paranoid survive".](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Grove)
See if there are various groups near you that would welcome web designers or web developers. I know of a few [Meetup](http://www.meetup.com/) groups in Calgary that would be another way to make connections and possibly find a mentor. A similar approach could be used on nearby colleges as well. This would also be a way to get some ideas from other developers within your desired expertise. |
55,238 | One of the major regrets in life is that I didn't do something with my introversion. I didn't manage to get past the first year of college because of that. I have chosen the path where there are no video games and other time sinks, all I have is the internet to quench my thirst of learning the ins and outs of the field of Web Developing/Designing. Though currently, I'm taking a Web Design Associate course at one of the best Computer Arts and this is the last month of the class.
Even though I'm still a sapling, I love this field so much. So basically, At school I'm learning web design while at home I'm teaching myself web-developing.
First thing first, returning to college seems impossible at the moment because of some financial problems.
I'm pretty comfortable with CSS and HTML and I'm into PHP/MySQL at the moment. **Could you please provide me a web-development Curriculum to follow.** And do I need to learn about the theories behind?
And I think I'm still young(I'm 18 at the time of writing). **Is it a good thing or bad thing for choosing this path?** I'm glad with my decision but in all honesty, **I'm worrying about my future and employment because I'm an undergrad**, coming from a country where companies are degree b!tches, it saddens me so.
Thank you.
(My questions are the bold parts. ) | 2011/03/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/55238",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | Unfortunately the "online courses" niche is pretty jammed up with hoaxes, spammers and frauds. I wouldn't really recommend any of them. That said, the best way to learn is by example. If you've decided to concentrate on PHP, there are literally hundreds of applications out there that provide source code, like MediaWiki (which powers Wikipedia), PHPNuke, Joomla, Drupal... I mean there's so much out there. I'd recommend picking one and studying it from top to bottom to understand how people with experience in that platform write software. Just that, plus your formal design training will be a good place to start.
If you *really* want to get serious about software development you can always use the MIT [OpenCourseware](http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-00-introduction-to-computer-science-and-programming-fall-2008/) site. These are lectures and assignments you can take for free online, and they provide a good introduction to computer science in general.
Good luck! | I were in your position just 3 years back. Now I develop J2EE based web application using Spring and Hibernate for a company based in London. Since I have been working on Java for last 3 years, my suggestions will be on Java only and I think you can bet on Java (most widely used programming language in this planet). My suggestions are :
1. Try to learn at least one JVM based language (it could be Java, Scala, Groovy).
2. Try to learn at least one web framework (Spring, Struts etc...)
3. Learn MySQL (if possible Hibernate - Object Relational Mapping tool)
Thats enough to get you a job. Once you get a job then try to learn at least one new langauge every year. It could be any language. |
55,238 | One of the major regrets in life is that I didn't do something with my introversion. I didn't manage to get past the first year of college because of that. I have chosen the path where there are no video games and other time sinks, all I have is the internet to quench my thirst of learning the ins and outs of the field of Web Developing/Designing. Though currently, I'm taking a Web Design Associate course at one of the best Computer Arts and this is the last month of the class.
Even though I'm still a sapling, I love this field so much. So basically, At school I'm learning web design while at home I'm teaching myself web-developing.
First thing first, returning to college seems impossible at the moment because of some financial problems.
I'm pretty comfortable with CSS and HTML and I'm into PHP/MySQL at the moment. **Could you please provide me a web-development Curriculum to follow.** And do I need to learn about the theories behind?
And I think I'm still young(I'm 18 at the time of writing). **Is it a good thing or bad thing for choosing this path?** I'm glad with my decision but in all honesty, **I'm worrying about my future and employment because I'm an undergrad**, coming from a country where companies are degree b!tches, it saddens me so.
Thank you.
(My questions are the bold parts. ) | 2011/03/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/55238",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | As far as web-*design* goes, I would suggest you keep your eyes open on the internet and see how other designers do things. A great source to learn about design is [Smashing Magazine](http://www.smashingmagazine.com/). However, that website will only get you so far and you might get stuck trying to do the things they show you. So like I said, just keep your eyes open and see what other designers do, then try to design original websites yourself. My teachers used to tell me to design the craziest websites I could think of, for example I was once told to design a website about elephants, just to get inspired and work on my creativity.
As far as development goes, I suggest you dig deeper in PHP if that's what you're into. If you're self-taught, you might have missed out on some key elements of the language, but of course I don't know how you taught yourself. There are a couple of books I would suggest:
[PHP Objects, Patterns, and Practice, Second Edition](http://apress.com/book/view/9781590599099) has taught me a lot about object-oriented PHP programming and it goes well beyond the basics. If you have the time, you should definitely give it a read.
[PHP in Action](http://www.manning.com/reiersol/) is also focused on OO but goes beyond that and brings in concepts like refactoring and testing.
The <http://www.PHP.net> documentation is also a great resource for figuring things out for yourself, but beware of the code examples. Some of them are just plain wrong.
You can also check out the CodeIgniter framework once you get comfortable with PHP.
If you don't want to stick to PHP, I suggest you take a look at Ruby on Rails; I have recently started that myself coming from a PHP background and I find it to be a very powerful framework. The [Ruby on Rails tutorial](http://ruby.railstutorial.org/) is a good way to get started as it'll guide you through the basics. However, I would suggest a book like [Agile Web Development with Rails](http://pragprog.com/titles/rails2/agile-web-development-with-rails) if you're serious about learning RoR.
Good luck!
(had to put the links in my text cause I'm not allowed to link more than 2 :() | First, I'd like to commend you for the guts and courage to ask for advice, isn't always easy to do.
As another self-taught programmer, I've been where you are now, know a few things, have done a few things.
I think there are a few tip's I'd like to pass on.
1. Never stop learning, and assume you know all that is needed to be known. There is never a point in your career, where you can settle for just doing what you know, and knowing and learning more. Because when that occur's your career is gonna die.
2. Read and Practice, the more you read, and then practice what you read, the better off you will be. Probably my biggest key was that I created a lot of sites that forced me to learn or self-destruct.
3. It takes a lot of self-discipline to be a great programmer, because it takes more than talent or skill to become good. From how to work with source control, what kind of best practices make sense or not sense to your current work environment. How to deploy your code from dev to production. How to handle and manage a good development environment. How to become more than a cowboy coder.
4. Planning is a huge must have for any good professional programmer, before you have any code or design work done, make sure you have a clearly written plan, that meet's the goals or objectives you are trying to meet, whether they are your own or someone else's. Seen so many people and companies waste time and money because of no planning, and no clear thinking, and no deciding capabilities. Plan your day, plan your job, make sure everything is as thought out, as you want the result to appear to be.
5. Always assume someone else is going to have read your code, and think it's a piece of crap. This is something in our dna, we always think other people's code is crap :) So always assume that your not just coding for yourself, but for the future programmer that has to fix or update or modify your code.
6. Clear Written and Logically Easy To Understand code is worth it's weight in gold. How do you indent, do you have everything in mixed case or all lower or upper case. Whatever language you use, are you using the standard coding styles? Can other people in your skillset understand what you did and why?
7. What happens if you die or go someplace else? Is your code understandable, and well thought out so that if someone else had to modify it, it wouldn't be too hard?
8. Do Short Term, Think Long Term. Yes we have all our daily work that we must do, to pay the bills, but we also must think long term about: Training, Code Performance/Scalability, Design, Coding Standards, Coding Styles, Coding Frameworks.
Being a programmer is a craft, like being a blacksmith is a craft.
And there's far more to master than just doing horse shoe's, it's all the other stuff beneath the tip of the iceberg, that can kill you, if you don't master it.
Good luck! |
55,238 | One of the major regrets in life is that I didn't do something with my introversion. I didn't manage to get past the first year of college because of that. I have chosen the path where there are no video games and other time sinks, all I have is the internet to quench my thirst of learning the ins and outs of the field of Web Developing/Designing. Though currently, I'm taking a Web Design Associate course at one of the best Computer Arts and this is the last month of the class.
Even though I'm still a sapling, I love this field so much. So basically, At school I'm learning web design while at home I'm teaching myself web-developing.
First thing first, returning to college seems impossible at the moment because of some financial problems.
I'm pretty comfortable with CSS and HTML and I'm into PHP/MySQL at the moment. **Could you please provide me a web-development Curriculum to follow.** And do I need to learn about the theories behind?
And I think I'm still young(I'm 18 at the time of writing). **Is it a good thing or bad thing for choosing this path?** I'm glad with my decision but in all honesty, **I'm worrying about my future and employment because I'm an undergrad**, coming from a country where companies are degree b!tches, it saddens me so.
Thank you.
(My questions are the bold parts. ) | 2011/03/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/55238",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | Unfortunately the "online courses" niche is pretty jammed up with hoaxes, spammers and frauds. I wouldn't really recommend any of them. That said, the best way to learn is by example. If you've decided to concentrate on PHP, there are literally hundreds of applications out there that provide source code, like MediaWiki (which powers Wikipedia), PHPNuke, Joomla, Drupal... I mean there's so much out there. I'd recommend picking one and studying it from top to bottom to understand how people with experience in that platform write software. Just that, plus your formal design training will be a good place to start.
If you *really* want to get serious about software development you can always use the MIT [OpenCourseware](http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-00-introduction-to-computer-science-and-programming-fall-2008/) site. These are lectures and assignments you can take for free online, and they provide a good introduction to computer science in general.
Good luck! | Andrew Grove had a good motto that you seem to be following: ["Only the paranoid survive".](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Grove)
See if there are various groups near you that would welcome web designers or web developers. I know of a few [Meetup](http://www.meetup.com/) groups in Calgary that would be another way to make connections and possibly find a mentor. A similar approach could be used on nearby colleges as well. This would also be a way to get some ideas from other developers within your desired expertise. |
55,238 | One of the major regrets in life is that I didn't do something with my introversion. I didn't manage to get past the first year of college because of that. I have chosen the path where there are no video games and other time sinks, all I have is the internet to quench my thirst of learning the ins and outs of the field of Web Developing/Designing. Though currently, I'm taking a Web Design Associate course at one of the best Computer Arts and this is the last month of the class.
Even though I'm still a sapling, I love this field so much. So basically, At school I'm learning web design while at home I'm teaching myself web-developing.
First thing first, returning to college seems impossible at the moment because of some financial problems.
I'm pretty comfortable with CSS and HTML and I'm into PHP/MySQL at the moment. **Could you please provide me a web-development Curriculum to follow.** And do I need to learn about the theories behind?
And I think I'm still young(I'm 18 at the time of writing). **Is it a good thing or bad thing for choosing this path?** I'm glad with my decision but in all honesty, **I'm worrying about my future and employment because I'm an undergrad**, coming from a country where companies are degree b!tches, it saddens me so.
Thank you.
(My questions are the bold parts. ) | 2011/03/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/55238",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | Unfortunately the "online courses" niche is pretty jammed up with hoaxes, spammers and frauds. I wouldn't really recommend any of them. That said, the best way to learn is by example. If you've decided to concentrate on PHP, there are literally hundreds of applications out there that provide source code, like MediaWiki (which powers Wikipedia), PHPNuke, Joomla, Drupal... I mean there's so much out there. I'd recommend picking one and studying it from top to bottom to understand how people with experience in that platform write software. Just that, plus your formal design training will be a good place to start.
If you *really* want to get serious about software development you can always use the MIT [OpenCourseware](http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-00-introduction-to-computer-science-and-programming-fall-2008/) site. These are lectures and assignments you can take for free online, and they provide a good introduction to computer science in general.
Good luck! | First, I'd like to commend you for the guts and courage to ask for advice, isn't always easy to do.
As another self-taught programmer, I've been where you are now, know a few things, have done a few things.
I think there are a few tip's I'd like to pass on.
1. Never stop learning, and assume you know all that is needed to be known. There is never a point in your career, where you can settle for just doing what you know, and knowing and learning more. Because when that occur's your career is gonna die.
2. Read and Practice, the more you read, and then practice what you read, the better off you will be. Probably my biggest key was that I created a lot of sites that forced me to learn or self-destruct.
3. It takes a lot of self-discipline to be a great programmer, because it takes more than talent or skill to become good. From how to work with source control, what kind of best practices make sense or not sense to your current work environment. How to deploy your code from dev to production. How to handle and manage a good development environment. How to become more than a cowboy coder.
4. Planning is a huge must have for any good professional programmer, before you have any code or design work done, make sure you have a clearly written plan, that meet's the goals or objectives you are trying to meet, whether they are your own or someone else's. Seen so many people and companies waste time and money because of no planning, and no clear thinking, and no deciding capabilities. Plan your day, plan your job, make sure everything is as thought out, as you want the result to appear to be.
5. Always assume someone else is going to have read your code, and think it's a piece of crap. This is something in our dna, we always think other people's code is crap :) So always assume that your not just coding for yourself, but for the future programmer that has to fix or update or modify your code.
6. Clear Written and Logically Easy To Understand code is worth it's weight in gold. How do you indent, do you have everything in mixed case or all lower or upper case. Whatever language you use, are you using the standard coding styles? Can other people in your skillset understand what you did and why?
7. What happens if you die or go someplace else? Is your code understandable, and well thought out so that if someone else had to modify it, it wouldn't be too hard?
8. Do Short Term, Think Long Term. Yes we have all our daily work that we must do, to pay the bills, but we also must think long term about: Training, Code Performance/Scalability, Design, Coding Standards, Coding Styles, Coding Frameworks.
Being a programmer is a craft, like being a blacksmith is a craft.
And there's far more to master than just doing horse shoe's, it's all the other stuff beneath the tip of the iceberg, that can kill you, if you don't master it.
Good luck! |
55,238 | One of the major regrets in life is that I didn't do something with my introversion. I didn't manage to get past the first year of college because of that. I have chosen the path where there are no video games and other time sinks, all I have is the internet to quench my thirst of learning the ins and outs of the field of Web Developing/Designing. Though currently, I'm taking a Web Design Associate course at one of the best Computer Arts and this is the last month of the class.
Even though I'm still a sapling, I love this field so much. So basically, At school I'm learning web design while at home I'm teaching myself web-developing.
First thing first, returning to college seems impossible at the moment because of some financial problems.
I'm pretty comfortable with CSS and HTML and I'm into PHP/MySQL at the moment. **Could you please provide me a web-development Curriculum to follow.** And do I need to learn about the theories behind?
And I think I'm still young(I'm 18 at the time of writing). **Is it a good thing or bad thing for choosing this path?** I'm glad with my decision but in all honesty, **I'm worrying about my future and employment because I'm an undergrad**, coming from a country where companies are degree b!tches, it saddens me so.
Thank you.
(My questions are the bold parts. ) | 2011/03/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/55238",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | As far as web-*design* goes, I would suggest you keep your eyes open on the internet and see how other designers do things. A great source to learn about design is [Smashing Magazine](http://www.smashingmagazine.com/). However, that website will only get you so far and you might get stuck trying to do the things they show you. So like I said, just keep your eyes open and see what other designers do, then try to design original websites yourself. My teachers used to tell me to design the craziest websites I could think of, for example I was once told to design a website about elephants, just to get inspired and work on my creativity.
As far as development goes, I suggest you dig deeper in PHP if that's what you're into. If you're self-taught, you might have missed out on some key elements of the language, but of course I don't know how you taught yourself. There are a couple of books I would suggest:
[PHP Objects, Patterns, and Practice, Second Edition](http://apress.com/book/view/9781590599099) has taught me a lot about object-oriented PHP programming and it goes well beyond the basics. If you have the time, you should definitely give it a read.
[PHP in Action](http://www.manning.com/reiersol/) is also focused on OO but goes beyond that and brings in concepts like refactoring and testing.
The <http://www.PHP.net> documentation is also a great resource for figuring things out for yourself, but beware of the code examples. Some of them are just plain wrong.
You can also check out the CodeIgniter framework once you get comfortable with PHP.
If you don't want to stick to PHP, I suggest you take a look at Ruby on Rails; I have recently started that myself coming from a PHP background and I find it to be a very powerful framework. The [Ruby on Rails tutorial](http://ruby.railstutorial.org/) is a good way to get started as it'll guide you through the basics. However, I would suggest a book like [Agile Web Development with Rails](http://pragprog.com/titles/rails2/agile-web-development-with-rails) if you're serious about learning RoR.
Good luck!
(had to put the links in my text cause I'm not allowed to link more than 2 :() | I were in your position just 3 years back. Now I develop J2EE based web application using Spring and Hibernate for a company based in London. Since I have been working on Java for last 3 years, my suggestions will be on Java only and I think you can bet on Java (most widely used programming language in this planet). My suggestions are :
1. Try to learn at least one JVM based language (it could be Java, Scala, Groovy).
2. Try to learn at least one web framework (Spring, Struts etc...)
3. Learn MySQL (if possible Hibernate - Object Relational Mapping tool)
Thats enough to get you a job. Once you get a job then try to learn at least one new langauge every year. It could be any language. |
55,238 | One of the major regrets in life is that I didn't do something with my introversion. I didn't manage to get past the first year of college because of that. I have chosen the path where there are no video games and other time sinks, all I have is the internet to quench my thirst of learning the ins and outs of the field of Web Developing/Designing. Though currently, I'm taking a Web Design Associate course at one of the best Computer Arts and this is the last month of the class.
Even though I'm still a sapling, I love this field so much. So basically, At school I'm learning web design while at home I'm teaching myself web-developing.
First thing first, returning to college seems impossible at the moment because of some financial problems.
I'm pretty comfortable with CSS and HTML and I'm into PHP/MySQL at the moment. **Could you please provide me a web-development Curriculum to follow.** And do I need to learn about the theories behind?
And I think I'm still young(I'm 18 at the time of writing). **Is it a good thing or bad thing for choosing this path?** I'm glad with my decision but in all honesty, **I'm worrying about my future and employment because I'm an undergrad**, coming from a country where companies are degree b!tches, it saddens me so.
Thank you.
(My questions are the bold parts. ) | 2011/03/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/55238",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | I question the wisdom of asking programmers for life advice :) but with the caveat that everyone's path is best left to themselves, here's my little thoughts:
1. If finances are tight, learning enough to make money wouldn't be a bad starting point. I see dozens of requests for PHP/MySQL programmers daily, and while I wouldn't imagine liking any of those positions for long, they might be just the springboard you need to make some money while learning how to program. If you want to go down this route, I suggest starting at the [PHP Security Manual](http://php.net/manual/en/security.php). (Mostly because too many PHP programmers never learn how to avoid [cross-site scripting problems](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting) or [SQL injection](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sql_injection) attacks. You can write bad code in any language, but PHP seems to be a haven for bad programs.)
2. Learning Ruby on Rails would let you build sophisticated web sites quickly, but it requires a little more discipline than PHP coding to get started. Learning about the *reasons* for the discipline may take years :) but the short version is "an ounce of prevention vs a pound of cleaning up after bad code". The usual introduction is the Pragmatic Programmers [Agile Web Development with Ruby on Rails](http://pragprog.com/titles/rails4/agile-web-development-with-rails). (The URL is for the beta version of the next book, which ought to be out soon. Still a great starting point.)
3. Since so much of web design is usability, legibility, and following conventions, I strongly recommend reading [A List Apart](http://www.alistapart.com/).
As for what to actually *do*, I would recommend making a website that *interests* you. If you love fishing, put together a website to accept posts from fellow anglers about their favorite fishing spots, and look into what's required for adding Google Maps integration, add a fish database, and so on. If you're really into math, try building a calculator. Keep adding features. Just pick something that you think you can work on until the wee hours of the morning for weeks on end. (Me? Addicted to answering questions on stackoverflow? Never!) Show friends, ask for input, and then try following up on it. See what you can do. :)
I think being well-rounded in abilities makes a huge difference; it might not hurt to try solving problems at <http://projecteuler.net/> with several languages. Roll a die to decide between Python, Ruby, C, C++, PHP, Erlang, Java, C#, JavaScript, whatever looks interesting. | Andrew Grove had a good motto that you seem to be following: ["Only the paranoid survive".](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Grove)
See if there are various groups near you that would welcome web designers or web developers. I know of a few [Meetup](http://www.meetup.com/) groups in Calgary that would be another way to make connections and possibly find a mentor. A similar approach could be used on nearby colleges as well. This would also be a way to get some ideas from other developers within your desired expertise. |
55,238 | One of the major regrets in life is that I didn't do something with my introversion. I didn't manage to get past the first year of college because of that. I have chosen the path where there are no video games and other time sinks, all I have is the internet to quench my thirst of learning the ins and outs of the field of Web Developing/Designing. Though currently, I'm taking a Web Design Associate course at one of the best Computer Arts and this is the last month of the class.
Even though I'm still a sapling, I love this field so much. So basically, At school I'm learning web design while at home I'm teaching myself web-developing.
First thing first, returning to college seems impossible at the moment because of some financial problems.
I'm pretty comfortable with CSS and HTML and I'm into PHP/MySQL at the moment. **Could you please provide me a web-development Curriculum to follow.** And do I need to learn about the theories behind?
And I think I'm still young(I'm 18 at the time of writing). **Is it a good thing or bad thing for choosing this path?** I'm glad with my decision but in all honesty, **I'm worrying about my future and employment because I'm an undergrad**, coming from a country where companies are degree b!tches, it saddens me so.
Thank you.
(My questions are the bold parts. ) | 2011/03/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/55238",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | I question the wisdom of asking programmers for life advice :) but with the caveat that everyone's path is best left to themselves, here's my little thoughts:
1. If finances are tight, learning enough to make money wouldn't be a bad starting point. I see dozens of requests for PHP/MySQL programmers daily, and while I wouldn't imagine liking any of those positions for long, they might be just the springboard you need to make some money while learning how to program. If you want to go down this route, I suggest starting at the [PHP Security Manual](http://php.net/manual/en/security.php). (Mostly because too many PHP programmers never learn how to avoid [cross-site scripting problems](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting) or [SQL injection](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sql_injection) attacks. You can write bad code in any language, but PHP seems to be a haven for bad programs.)
2. Learning Ruby on Rails would let you build sophisticated web sites quickly, but it requires a little more discipline than PHP coding to get started. Learning about the *reasons* for the discipline may take years :) but the short version is "an ounce of prevention vs a pound of cleaning up after bad code". The usual introduction is the Pragmatic Programmers [Agile Web Development with Ruby on Rails](http://pragprog.com/titles/rails4/agile-web-development-with-rails). (The URL is for the beta version of the next book, which ought to be out soon. Still a great starting point.)
3. Since so much of web design is usability, legibility, and following conventions, I strongly recommend reading [A List Apart](http://www.alistapart.com/).
As for what to actually *do*, I would recommend making a website that *interests* you. If you love fishing, put together a website to accept posts from fellow anglers about their favorite fishing spots, and look into what's required for adding Google Maps integration, add a fish database, and so on. If you're really into math, try building a calculator. Keep adding features. Just pick something that you think you can work on until the wee hours of the morning for weeks on end. (Me? Addicted to answering questions on stackoverflow? Never!) Show friends, ask for input, and then try following up on it. See what you can do. :)
I think being well-rounded in abilities makes a huge difference; it might not hurt to try solving problems at <http://projecteuler.net/> with several languages. Roll a die to decide between Python, Ruby, C, C++, PHP, Erlang, Java, C#, JavaScript, whatever looks interesting. | I were in your position just 3 years back. Now I develop J2EE based web application using Spring and Hibernate for a company based in London. Since I have been working on Java for last 3 years, my suggestions will be on Java only and I think you can bet on Java (most widely used programming language in this planet). My suggestions are :
1. Try to learn at least one JVM based language (it could be Java, Scala, Groovy).
2. Try to learn at least one web framework (Spring, Struts etc...)
3. Learn MySQL (if possible Hibernate - Object Relational Mapping tool)
Thats enough to get you a job. Once you get a job then try to learn at least one new langauge every year. It could be any language. |
55,238 | One of the major regrets in life is that I didn't do something with my introversion. I didn't manage to get past the first year of college because of that. I have chosen the path where there are no video games and other time sinks, all I have is the internet to quench my thirst of learning the ins and outs of the field of Web Developing/Designing. Though currently, I'm taking a Web Design Associate course at one of the best Computer Arts and this is the last month of the class.
Even though I'm still a sapling, I love this field so much. So basically, At school I'm learning web design while at home I'm teaching myself web-developing.
First thing first, returning to college seems impossible at the moment because of some financial problems.
I'm pretty comfortable with CSS and HTML and I'm into PHP/MySQL at the moment. **Could you please provide me a web-development Curriculum to follow.** And do I need to learn about the theories behind?
And I think I'm still young(I'm 18 at the time of writing). **Is it a good thing or bad thing for choosing this path?** I'm glad with my decision but in all honesty, **I'm worrying about my future and employment because I'm an undergrad**, coming from a country where companies are degree b!tches, it saddens me so.
Thank you.
(My questions are the bold parts. ) | 2011/03/06 | [
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/55238",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | I question the wisdom of asking programmers for life advice :) but with the caveat that everyone's path is best left to themselves, here's my little thoughts:
1. If finances are tight, learning enough to make money wouldn't be a bad starting point. I see dozens of requests for PHP/MySQL programmers daily, and while I wouldn't imagine liking any of those positions for long, they might be just the springboard you need to make some money while learning how to program. If you want to go down this route, I suggest starting at the [PHP Security Manual](http://php.net/manual/en/security.php). (Mostly because too many PHP programmers never learn how to avoid [cross-site scripting problems](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting) or [SQL injection](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sql_injection) attacks. You can write bad code in any language, but PHP seems to be a haven for bad programs.)
2. Learning Ruby on Rails would let you build sophisticated web sites quickly, but it requires a little more discipline than PHP coding to get started. Learning about the *reasons* for the discipline may take years :) but the short version is "an ounce of prevention vs a pound of cleaning up after bad code". The usual introduction is the Pragmatic Programmers [Agile Web Development with Ruby on Rails](http://pragprog.com/titles/rails4/agile-web-development-with-rails). (The URL is for the beta version of the next book, which ought to be out soon. Still a great starting point.)
3. Since so much of web design is usability, legibility, and following conventions, I strongly recommend reading [A List Apart](http://www.alistapart.com/).
As for what to actually *do*, I would recommend making a website that *interests* you. If you love fishing, put together a website to accept posts from fellow anglers about their favorite fishing spots, and look into what's required for adding Google Maps integration, add a fish database, and so on. If you're really into math, try building a calculator. Keep adding features. Just pick something that you think you can work on until the wee hours of the morning for weeks on end. (Me? Addicted to answering questions on stackoverflow? Never!) Show friends, ask for input, and then try following up on it. See what you can do. :)
I think being well-rounded in abilities makes a huge difference; it might not hurt to try solving problems at <http://projecteuler.net/> with several languages. Roll a die to decide between Python, Ruby, C, C++, PHP, Erlang, Java, C#, JavaScript, whatever looks interesting. | Unfortunately the "online courses" niche is pretty jammed up with hoaxes, spammers and frauds. I wouldn't really recommend any of them. That said, the best way to learn is by example. If you've decided to concentrate on PHP, there are literally hundreds of applications out there that provide source code, like MediaWiki (which powers Wikipedia), PHPNuke, Joomla, Drupal... I mean there's so much out there. I'd recommend picking one and studying it from top to bottom to understand how people with experience in that platform write software. Just that, plus your formal design training will be a good place to start.
If you *really* want to get serious about software development you can always use the MIT [OpenCourseware](http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-00-introduction-to-computer-science-and-programming-fall-2008/) site. These are lectures and assignments you can take for free online, and they provide a good introduction to computer science in general.
Good luck! |
155,501 | In the Christopher Nolan movie "The Prestige", why was it shown that Tesla invented the machine that can make the clones?
I mean, why did they specifically need Nikola Tesla to be creator of the machine?
Was Tesla actually working on something like this?
Or was it just that they needed a genius character in the movie? | 2017/03/23 | [
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/155501",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/users/77928/"
] | Reiterating [**my answer**](https://movies.stackexchange.com/a/36466/49) to a [**similar question on Movies & TV**](https://movies.stackexchange.com/q/36460/49):
For a start, he provided an **interesting historical anchor** for the story. But even more than that, the real [Nikola Tesla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikola_Tesla) was quite an enigmatic and visionary researcher with many ambitious ideas (though, I guess a teleportation/cloning machine might have been a bit over the top even for him), that not all found the appreciation that they might have deserved or that Tesla might have envisioned (add to this that in contrast to Edison, he wasn't really a particularly good businessman). This has led to him getting [quite a bit of cult status in popular culture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikola_Tesla_in_popular_culture), especially in speculative fiction. So his appearance in the movie (or rather the novel, which he's also part of) is another of those **fictionalized idolizations and can be seen as an homage to the real Nikola Tesla**, when the book/movie lets him accomplish true scientific magic. This is to some degree [reinforced by screenwriter Johnathan Nolan](http://movieweb.com/jonathan-nolan-on-writing-the-prestige/) himself in an interview:
>
> *Did you ever think about not having the Tesla machine work and that there was another way that he....a real way? Cause I was thinking he would use a double and drown him...*
>
>
> *Jonathan Nolan:* ...The more research I did into Tesla the more impressed I was with Christopher Priest's choices in the book for a promethean figure you get no finer than Nicolas Tesla I mean the man is absolutely fascinating. Based on the research I did, I'm quite convinced that the experiments we were doing in Colorado Springs were...the thing, the guide that we do in the film with the light bulbs in this sort of remote transmission of electricity through the ground and depending on who's accounts you read....he really did that. And really was....and I'm not a conspiracy theorist but he really was opening up Pandora's box that they sort of made him close.
>
>
> *I think it's interesting when your do encounter a character like that because he is one of those in that age of invention, he's one of those characters who has gotten shunned to the side, I mean electrical engineers know his name. But, but...*
>
>
> *Jonathan Nolan:* But a few other people and hopefully it would be fantastic if this movie were able to help bring a little more luster back to that guy. I did a lot of research on him, I went out to Colorado Springs fittingly all of his equipment that had been there in the museum had been stolen and is probably now in the hands of private collectors. He's a real cult figure, and I wound up pretty fascinated with him. They've been trying to make a Tesla film in this town for years. The problem is there is a tragic quality to his character where they really um...society doesn't know what to do with people like that, and hopefully we sort of got to the essence of that in the film.
>
>
>
But this goes even further. When we see his professional rivalry with Thomas Edison as depicted in the movie, we see a **clear analogy to the rivalry between the two protagonists**. And while none of the two magicians really kept their vest entirely clean during the course of the movie, Borden seems to be the moral winner of the story, whose ultimate goal always lay first and foremost in his art as a magician and who sacrificed his entire non-stage life in devotion to this art. If we set this in relation to Tesla, who was first and foremost always a researcher and Edison, who history knows did not always play nice to get his economical success, then we can see the parallels between the better magician Borden and the better showman Angier. [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Prestige_%28film%29#Themes) supports this notion to some degree, too:
>
> Nor is this cutthroat competition limited to prestidigitation: engineering "wizards" Nikola Tesla and Thomas Edison engaged in a rivalry over electric current, which appears in the film in parallel to Borden and Angier's competition for magical supremacy. In the book, Tesla and Edison serve as foils for Borden and Angier, respectively.
>
>
>
as well as does Jonah Nolan:
>
> *I'm guessing society also doesn't want to see a scientific hero being torn apart for having thugs go out and....*
>
>
> *Jonathan Nolan:* Ya Edison is a real....a...the more research you do on Tesla, the less you like Edison. You really do, you realize that there's a lot of....again this is what I was most impressed with, the more research I did the more I realized how carefully Christopher Priest had chosen the characters who appear in his novel. That the Tesla/Edison rivalry has a lot of similarities with the rivalry between the magicians and the piece Edison used all manner of PR tricks including...you can find footage online of a this PR heck that a Edison hired to go to State fairs to electrocute elephants with alternating current generators just to prove how dangerous AC was, I mean these guys did some wild, wild things...and of course Edison lost, ultimately DC was, his system was you know, use it in your car but not to many other places. AC is the thing that electrified the world, Tesla's system was correct, but Tesla lost the PR battle and you suddenly realize how important that is.
>
>
>
or [this Arkansas Times article](http://www.arktimes.com/arkansas/prestige-is-magical/Content?oid=866385):
>
> While dealing with the rivalry of two would-be magicians looking for a break in 1890s London, it manages to contrast their battle to that of Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla over electric current, a major ingredient in the film’s defining trick.
>
>
>
So **Tesla and his rivalry with Edison further support the primary rivalry of the story with a fitting additional historical analogy**. | Someone somewhere said that Tesla was one of those catch–alls for historical fiction: Many of his inventions suggest that he was able to do things which even now nobody has been able to replicate.
Do you need examples? If so, I can list a few of them. The best one which first comes to mind is a story, relayed by Samuel Clemens, that seemed to feature the handling of ball lightning.
---
As an aside, it was a nice opportunity to cast a favorable light on [Tesla](http://theoatmeal.com/comics/tesla), in addition to a much less favorable, and deservedly so, presentation of Edison's usual techniques. |
22,158 | And I really really REALLY want to play this game. I've tried everything available on the first results of Google to no avail.
The best advice is to tweak the compatibility settings to Windows XP or 98 and start with administrator privileges. But the game just doesn't want to start up!
Can you help me? I remember there was a utility, an actual administrator compatibility toolkit which I used when I had Windows XP to be able to run Extreme G2, but it was too technical for me to tweak settings. Is there an equivalent for Windows 7? Remember this is the starter version so it doesn't come with virtual machine with Windows XP.
I don't know if it helps but my rig is an Acer Aspire laptop using AMD fusion processor C-50. It's a dual core system. | 2011/05/14 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/22158",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/6504/"
] | In compatibility settings, check win 98/ME compatibility, disable visual themes and desktop composition, and you should be good to go. | Change your Screen Resolutions to a Resolution that was standard back in the 90/00 dudes. 800x600 and you wont have any issues with the most of the games. |
22,158 | And I really really REALLY want to play this game. I've tried everything available on the first results of Google to no avail.
The best advice is to tweak the compatibility settings to Windows XP or 98 and start with administrator privileges. But the game just doesn't want to start up!
Can you help me? I remember there was a utility, an actual administrator compatibility toolkit which I used when I had Windows XP to be able to run Extreme G2, but it was too technical for me to tweak settings. Is there an equivalent for Windows 7? Remember this is the starter version so it doesn't come with virtual machine with Windows XP.
I don't know if it helps but my rig is an Acer Aspire laptop using AMD fusion processor C-50. It's a dual core system. | 2011/05/14 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/22158",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/6504/"
] | You are likely seeking [Application Compatibility Toolkit](http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/en/details.aspx?familyid=24da89e9-b581-47b0-b45e-492dd6da2971&displaylang=en) and its associated [documentation resources](http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/aa905066) | Change your Screen Resolutions to a Resolution that was standard back in the 90/00 dudes. 800x600 and you wont have any issues with the most of the games. |
22,158 | And I really really REALLY want to play this game. I've tried everything available on the first results of Google to no avail.
The best advice is to tweak the compatibility settings to Windows XP or 98 and start with administrator privileges. But the game just doesn't want to start up!
Can you help me? I remember there was a utility, an actual administrator compatibility toolkit which I used when I had Windows XP to be able to run Extreme G2, but it was too technical for me to tweak settings. Is there an equivalent for Windows 7? Remember this is the starter version so it doesn't come with virtual machine with Windows XP.
I don't know if it helps but my rig is an Acer Aspire laptop using AMD fusion processor C-50. It's a dual core system. | 2011/05/14 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/22158",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/6504/"
] | you may want to try downloading a free virtual machine such as one of the VMware versions, and then putting xp on the virtual machine and install hit and run onto the VMware | Change your Screen Resolutions to a Resolution that was standard back in the 90/00 dudes. 800x600 and you wont have any issues with the most of the games. |
22,158 | And I really really REALLY want to play this game. I've tried everything available on the first results of Google to no avail.
The best advice is to tweak the compatibility settings to Windows XP or 98 and start with administrator privileges. But the game just doesn't want to start up!
Can you help me? I remember there was a utility, an actual administrator compatibility toolkit which I used when I had Windows XP to be able to run Extreme G2, but it was too technical for me to tweak settings. Is there an equivalent for Windows 7? Remember this is the starter version so it doesn't come with virtual machine with Windows XP.
I don't know if it helps but my rig is an Acer Aspire laptop using AMD fusion processor C-50. It's a dual core system. | 2011/05/14 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/22158",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/6504/"
] | How about...
Installing Ubuntu with Wubi (doesn't destroy your windows install)
<http://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu/windows-installer>
<https://wiki.ubuntu.com/WubiGuide>
And using WINE
<https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Wine>
Because it should work -
<http://appdb.winehq.org/objectManager.php?sClass=application&iId=10480> | Change your Screen Resolutions to a Resolution that was standard back in the 90/00 dudes. 800x600 and you wont have any issues with the most of the games. |
22,158 | And I really really REALLY want to play this game. I've tried everything available on the first results of Google to no avail.
The best advice is to tweak the compatibility settings to Windows XP or 98 and start with administrator privileges. But the game just doesn't want to start up!
Can you help me? I remember there was a utility, an actual administrator compatibility toolkit which I used when I had Windows XP to be able to run Extreme G2, but it was too technical for me to tweak settings. Is there an equivalent for Windows 7? Remember this is the starter version so it doesn't come with virtual machine with Windows XP.
I don't know if it helps but my rig is an Acer Aspire laptop using AMD fusion processor C-50. It's a dual core system. | 2011/05/14 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/22158",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/6504/"
] | Use [Lucas' Simpsons Hit & Run Mod Launcher](https://donutteam.com/releases/view/lucas-mod-launcher).
The launcher adds native widescreen and borderless fullscreen support, some bug fixes and intro video skip among other features (all optional). | Change your Screen Resolutions to a Resolution that was standard back in the 90/00 dudes. 800x600 and you wont have any issues with the most of the games. |
55,607 | I recently tried out the Quarian Infiltrator in Mass Effect 3 multiplayer and turning the Geth against each other worked really, really well. But I observered that a few times my Sabotage power didn't seem to work on some enemies anymore.
What limits does the Sabotage power of the Quarian Infliltrator have? Why does it sometimes not work against synthetic enemies like the Geth? | 2012/03/13 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/55607",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/4103/"
] | I played around in a solo-multiplayer session a bit and found the reason why Sabotage seems to fail sometimes. The duration of Sabotage decreases significantly each time you apply it on the same enemy. So the first time you sabotage a specific enemy you get the full duration, but if the enemy survives that and you sabotage him again, the duration will be much shorter than the first time. It seems to be roughly halved each time you reapply sabotage.
After 4 times sabotage seems to lose any effect on that specific enemy, and this is not specific to Geth Primes or other superior enemies, you can observe that with any Geth trooper. The reason it seems to happen especially often with Geth Primes is that most other enemies just don't survive long enough so that you have to use sabotage that often on them. | Sabotage is a very tricky power that requires practice to use. All Geth are subseptable to Sabotage as well as the Cerberus Turrets and Atlas. Against things like troopers or Maraders, it causes a weapons overload effect when they try to fire their weapons which damages them and causes a stun similar to hitting them with overload.
What makes Sabotage tricky is that it's a burst effect similar to overload and may affect a target NEXT to the Geth you were attempting to hack. You can negate this by targeting something in the open.
You CANNOT sabotage cloaked Geth Hunters. You ether need to drop their shields or hit them when they drop the cloak.
Sabotage takes a few seconds to actually rewrite the code of the object so they may freeze in place a bit or continue to attack you before it takes hold. THIS is the reason so many players may get frustrated. What you need to watch for is glowing orange lines washing over the target. If you see these lines you've successfully hit the target and in a few seconds it will turn on it's foes if there are any in proximity. If no one is close, it will simply stand there and not fire on you. When the lines wear off, it will reset back to it's "Kill Players" mindset and resume the attack. The clock doesn't start ticking for wearing off until the power takes hold.
Sadly (and this is the source of my frustration) the glowy lines seem to attract the attention of other players and unless it's a Geth Pyro, Prime, or Atlas, it doesn't live very long enough to serve as a distraction.
As addressed by the others, it does have diminishing returns when used consecutively on the same target. By the 4th pop, you may as well be hitting it with blanks as it will have no effect. Switching up targets is advisable as most of the enemies in close proximity to that unit will ignore you unless you're in melee range to deal with their rogue ally.
And yes, you will get credit for killing enemies with/under a Sabotage.
IE:
DC4213 [Geth Prime] Geth Trooper
DC4213 [Atlas] Centurion
DC4213 [Turret] Combat Engineer |
1,598,499 | After upgrade from Photoshop CC 2020 to 2021 (Windows 10 Pro), I was not able to open JPG files and got the "could not complete your request because of program error".
I did some research and most of the "fix" did not work for me (i.e. reset preferences, etc). | 2020/10/30 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/1598499",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/1226251/"
] | I found a suggestion to disable the use of the GPU under preferences / performance (uncheck: Use Graphics Processor). That did work. It allowed me to open JPG files as usual.
Disabling the GPU use gave me an idea to update my video card drivers (nVidia Quatro 2000). I downloaded and installed the new drivers for the video card.
I went back to preferences and enabled the GPU use. Then I tested opening my JPG files again. All works!
I'm putting this here so if someone experiencing the "could not complete your request because of program error" when opening JPG files can try updating the video card drivers fix.
TL;DR: Update your video card drivers. | Apologies if this is bad form but I was hoping to add something to this post for people with a similar (not exactly the same) problem. This post is what comes up when searching for the issue on superuser or google.
The similar problem I was getting is, EVERY action I took with photoshop led to "could not complete your request because of program error". Opening a file, starting a new file, going into preferences, even closing the program. Sometimes I'd also get "could not write to disk".
I found out this is because my PC is on a domain with folder redirection on, so when I attempt to install programs to the default directory... the important settings don't go to C:\users\myself\AppData. They save to \domainname\users\myself\AppData. But, for some reason Photoshop has difficulty reading that folder. Probably a permissions problem.
My workaround was this: Sign out of my domain account, and sign into the local administrator account. Install Photoshop under that account. Launches without a problem. Go to C:\users\administrator\appdata\ and copy the entire adobe folder to a separate location, let's say desktop. (actually, the entire adobe folder may be overkill if you don't have issues with other adobe apps. I'm not sure if they have this problem. Maybe just copy the photoshop folder within Adobe).
Then, switch back to the domain account (close out of PS if it's open). Run regedit. Navigate to this key: Computer\HKEY\_CURRENT\_USER\Software\Adobe\Photoshop\150.0
Then go to this entry: SettingsFilePath ... double click it... change the path from the domain path, to a local path like this: C:\Users\myself\AppData\Roaming\Adobe\Adobe Photoshop 2021\Adobe Photoshop 2021 Settings\
Finally, navigate to that Roaming folder, and copy and paste the Adobe folder you backed up earlier, the one that was originally under users\administrator\appdata.
By changing this path setting, and moving the known-working files to that path, I was able to get Photoshop to launch properly again while logged into the domain. |
451,122 | Some people I know have a ‘lazy tone’ on their British accent pronouncing their ‘th’ as ‘v’.
>
> Don’t bover about the weava.
> (Don’t bother about the weather.)
>
>
>
It’s not a slur, because the ‘t’ in *don’t* and *about* is still there.
It’s not a lisp either.
My question is: **What is the word for pronouncing ‘th’ as ‘v’ as part of your English accent?** | 2018/06/20 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/451122",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/15280/"
] | The linguistic feature is known as *[th-fronting](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th-fronting)*, where a dental fricative (both th-sounds) becomes a labiodental fricative (f,v) while the voicing remains the same. First noted in the late 18th c., it is now a common feature of several dialects of
English: Cockney, Essex dialect, Estuary English, some West Country and Yorkshire dialects, Newfoundland English, and African American Vernacular English. Most recently, it’s been attested in, of all places, Glasgow.
The feature is used to comic effect in Catherine Tate’s character [Lauren Cooper](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauren_Cooper) and her catchphrase “Am I bovvered?” which during [Comic Relief 2007](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sfkjvagVsRI) then-PM Tony Blair unleashed on Lauren instead. Blair doesn’t quite manage the pronunciation.
You can even buy the t-shirt:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/npZ4w.jpg) | This is called
>
> [th-fronting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th-fronting)
>
>
>
A 'th' (voiced or not) is a [dental fricative](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_dental_fricative) (the tip of the tongue behind the top front teeth). Fronting it (moving articulation more forward) is to the [labiodental](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labiodental_consonant) position, the lower lip contacting the front upper teeth.
'Th' is a rare sound in the world's languages (some varieties of Spanish (Castilian) and Arabic (MSA), are notable for having it). It is easy for it to be articulated by language learners as some nearby thing instead, [as a stop (t/d)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th-stopping) or [alveolar (s/z)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronunciation_of_English_%E2%9F%A8th%E2%9F%A9#Dialectal_realizations), at the ridge behind the top front teeth), in addition to fronting.
Th-fronting is a feature of some speakers of [Cockney/Estuary English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuary_English) and [African-American English (AAE)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African-American_Vernacular_English) and related varieties of [Southern American English](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_American_English). I say 'some speakers' because it is not a feature for all speakers of these varieties [like r-dropping](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhoticity_in_English) might be) |
23,216 | It seems to me that we're out of moderators on SuperUser. Diago's off for the next 2 weeks (seeing how much he works to keep SU running properly, he deserves it), and all the other moderators have had limited interaction lately with SU. Looking at their profiles, they've mostly stopped answering any questions by September 14.
I'm worried that this might become a problem; in my opinion, moderators have a very important role in the well functioning of these sites. | 2009/09/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/23216",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/135200/"
] | Not answering questions doesn't mean that they aren't doing moderator duties. Perhaps they are just too busy moderating to contribute answers. Looking at just a few of their profiles shows that most have visited SU within the last day. Check the "Seen" parameter in the profile rather than the last question answered time. | Diago spends a lot of his SU time (and he spends a good chunk of time on there) doing mod duties. Closing questions, reading through the current flags and responding appropriately, etc. Don't worry, they are there. TheTXI will not respond very often, but will moderate flags quite often.
Your part of the 3k+ crew, so use those close/flag votes. |
23,216 | It seems to me that we're out of moderators on SuperUser. Diago's off for the next 2 weeks (seeing how much he works to keep SU running properly, he deserves it), and all the other moderators have had limited interaction lately with SU. Looking at their profiles, they've mostly stopped answering any questions by September 14.
I'm worried that this might become a problem; in my opinion, moderators have a very important role in the well functioning of these sites. | 2009/09/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/23216",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/135200/"
] | Not answering questions doesn't mean that they aren't doing moderator duties. Perhaps they are just too busy moderating to contribute answers. Looking at just a few of their profiles shows that most have visited SU within the last day. Check the "Seen" parameter in the profile rather than the last question answered time. | It is **not at all unusual** for users of a site who become moderators to scale back their contribution to the site.
From Podcast #48: *On selecting your top-contributors as moderators:*
>
> One of the risks is that when you take one of your best teachers and
> turn them into the principal of the
> school, you lose a great teacher.
>
>
>
When you promote your best contributors, in some scenarios, you lose those contributors. They stop contributing in the same way. They spend more time policing the system rather than helping to build it. It doesn't *always* happen. But it is common. |
23,216 | It seems to me that we're out of moderators on SuperUser. Diago's off for the next 2 weeks (seeing how much he works to keep SU running properly, he deserves it), and all the other moderators have had limited interaction lately with SU. Looking at their profiles, they've mostly stopped answering any questions by September 14.
I'm worried that this might become a problem; in my opinion, moderators have a very important role in the well functioning of these sites. | 2009/09/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/23216",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/135200/"
] | Not answering questions doesn't mean that they aren't doing moderator duties. Perhaps they are just too busy moderating to contribute answers. Looking at just a few of their profiles shows that most have visited SU within the last day. Check the "Seen" parameter in the profile rather than the last question answered time. | It is entirely reasonable that the moderators are busy moderating and not busy actually answering and asking questions.
All of my activity on SU is generally spent responding to flags. My knowledge of basic computer troubleshooting is not exactly enough to make me a highly successful user of that site anyway, but I will attempt to answer what I can. |
23,216 | It seems to me that we're out of moderators on SuperUser. Diago's off for the next 2 weeks (seeing how much he works to keep SU running properly, he deserves it), and all the other moderators have had limited interaction lately with SU. Looking at their profiles, they've mostly stopped answering any questions by September 14.
I'm worried that this might become a problem; in my opinion, moderators have a very important role in the well functioning of these sites. | 2009/09/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/23216",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/135200/"
] | Not answering questions doesn't mean that they aren't doing moderator duties. Perhaps they are just too busy moderating to contribute answers. Looking at just a few of their profiles shows that most have visited SU within the last day. Check the "Seen" parameter in the profile rather than the last question answered time. | My biggest problem is that I sometimes doubt if I should flag something
I fear that closing the first question a new user asks on the site will probably stop him from asking more. Now there are two possibilities:
* either his questions wouldn't improve anyway and it's good riddance or,
* he would improve his questions and we lost a potential user
Plus as "just a regular user" you don't get any feedback, I don't have a page to see what questions I flagged were actually closed or get notifications when other questions are out of control.
So in the end the only thing I can do is keep answering questions and lead by example |
23,216 | It seems to me that we're out of moderators on SuperUser. Diago's off for the next 2 weeks (seeing how much he works to keep SU running properly, he deserves it), and all the other moderators have had limited interaction lately with SU. Looking at their profiles, they've mostly stopped answering any questions by September 14.
I'm worried that this might become a problem; in my opinion, moderators have a very important role in the well functioning of these sites. | 2009/09/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/23216",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/135200/"
] | It is entirely reasonable that the moderators are busy moderating and not busy actually answering and asking questions.
All of my activity on SU is generally spent responding to flags. My knowledge of basic computer troubleshooting is not exactly enough to make me a highly successful user of that site anyway, but I will attempt to answer what I can. | Diago spends a lot of his SU time (and he spends a good chunk of time on there) doing mod duties. Closing questions, reading through the current flags and responding appropriately, etc. Don't worry, they are there. TheTXI will not respond very often, but will moderate flags quite often.
Your part of the 3k+ crew, so use those close/flag votes. |
23,216 | It seems to me that we're out of moderators on SuperUser. Diago's off for the next 2 weeks (seeing how much he works to keep SU running properly, he deserves it), and all the other moderators have had limited interaction lately with SU. Looking at their profiles, they've mostly stopped answering any questions by September 14.
I'm worried that this might become a problem; in my opinion, moderators have a very important role in the well functioning of these sites. | 2009/09/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/23216",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/135200/"
] | Diago spends a lot of his SU time (and he spends a good chunk of time on there) doing mod duties. Closing questions, reading through the current flags and responding appropriately, etc. Don't worry, they are there. TheTXI will not respond very often, but will moderate flags quite often.
Your part of the 3k+ crew, so use those close/flag votes. | My biggest problem is that I sometimes doubt if I should flag something
I fear that closing the first question a new user asks on the site will probably stop him from asking more. Now there are two possibilities:
* either his questions wouldn't improve anyway and it's good riddance or,
* he would improve his questions and we lost a potential user
Plus as "just a regular user" you don't get any feedback, I don't have a page to see what questions I flagged were actually closed or get notifications when other questions are out of control.
So in the end the only thing I can do is keep answering questions and lead by example |
23,216 | It seems to me that we're out of moderators on SuperUser. Diago's off for the next 2 weeks (seeing how much he works to keep SU running properly, he deserves it), and all the other moderators have had limited interaction lately with SU. Looking at their profiles, they've mostly stopped answering any questions by September 14.
I'm worried that this might become a problem; in my opinion, moderators have a very important role in the well functioning of these sites. | 2009/09/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/23216",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/135200/"
] | It is entirely reasonable that the moderators are busy moderating and not busy actually answering and asking questions.
All of my activity on SU is generally spent responding to flags. My knowledge of basic computer troubleshooting is not exactly enough to make me a highly successful user of that site anyway, but I will attempt to answer what I can. | It is **not at all unusual** for users of a site who become moderators to scale back their contribution to the site.
From Podcast #48: *On selecting your top-contributors as moderators:*
>
> One of the risks is that when you take one of your best teachers and
> turn them into the principal of the
> school, you lose a great teacher.
>
>
>
When you promote your best contributors, in some scenarios, you lose those contributors. They stop contributing in the same way. They spend more time policing the system rather than helping to build it. It doesn't *always* happen. But it is common. |
23,216 | It seems to me that we're out of moderators on SuperUser. Diago's off for the next 2 weeks (seeing how much he works to keep SU running properly, he deserves it), and all the other moderators have had limited interaction lately with SU. Looking at their profiles, they've mostly stopped answering any questions by September 14.
I'm worried that this might become a problem; in my opinion, moderators have a very important role in the well functioning of these sites. | 2009/09/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/23216",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/135200/"
] | It is **not at all unusual** for users of a site who become moderators to scale back their contribution to the site.
From Podcast #48: *On selecting your top-contributors as moderators:*
>
> One of the risks is that when you take one of your best teachers and
> turn them into the principal of the
> school, you lose a great teacher.
>
>
>
When you promote your best contributors, in some scenarios, you lose those contributors. They stop contributing in the same way. They spend more time policing the system rather than helping to build it. It doesn't *always* happen. But it is common. | My biggest problem is that I sometimes doubt if I should flag something
I fear that closing the first question a new user asks on the site will probably stop him from asking more. Now there are two possibilities:
* either his questions wouldn't improve anyway and it's good riddance or,
* he would improve his questions and we lost a potential user
Plus as "just a regular user" you don't get any feedback, I don't have a page to see what questions I flagged were actually closed or get notifications when other questions are out of control.
So in the end the only thing I can do is keep answering questions and lead by example |
23,216 | It seems to me that we're out of moderators on SuperUser. Diago's off for the next 2 weeks (seeing how much he works to keep SU running properly, he deserves it), and all the other moderators have had limited interaction lately with SU. Looking at their profiles, they've mostly stopped answering any questions by September 14.
I'm worried that this might become a problem; in my opinion, moderators have a very important role in the well functioning of these sites. | 2009/09/23 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/23216",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/135200/"
] | It is entirely reasonable that the moderators are busy moderating and not busy actually answering and asking questions.
All of my activity on SU is generally spent responding to flags. My knowledge of basic computer troubleshooting is not exactly enough to make me a highly successful user of that site anyway, but I will attempt to answer what I can. | My biggest problem is that I sometimes doubt if I should flag something
I fear that closing the first question a new user asks on the site will probably stop him from asking more. Now there are two possibilities:
* either his questions wouldn't improve anyway and it's good riddance or,
* he would improve his questions and we lost a potential user
Plus as "just a regular user" you don't get any feedback, I don't have a page to see what questions I flagged were actually closed or get notifications when other questions are out of control.
So in the end the only thing I can do is keep answering questions and lead by example |
19,970,135 | I wrote a multithreaded Socket Server application which accepts over a 1000 concurrent connections. Recently we had application crash; after analyzing the dump files came to know app has crash due to heap corruption. I found the same issue discussed in following links.
[.NET Does NOT Have Reliable Asynchronouos Socket Communication?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/236171/net-does-not-have-reliable-asynchronouos-socket-communication)
<http://support.microsoft.com/kb/947862>
And also discussion suggest 3 solutions.
1. The network application should have an upper bound on the number of *outstanding* asynchronous IO that it posts.
2. Use Microsoft CCR
3. Use TPL
Due to the time factor, I thought to stick with #1, but I don't have a clear picture how to implement this. Can some one give a good starting point please?
And also has anyone used Async with TPL to solve this issue? | 2013/11/14 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/19970135",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/2990519/"
] | You mean a better starting point than the [blog posting that I linked to](http://www.serverframework.com/asynchronousevents/2011/06/tcp-flow-control-and-asynchronous-writes.html) in the answer that you refer to?
The issue is this:
* Memory and other per-operation resources that are used during an async write are often "in use" until the remote peer's TCP stack acks the data and the local stack can complete your async write operation to tell you that you can reuse your buffer.
* The local peer has no control over this as it's all governed by the speed at which the remote peer reads data from its socket and the congestion on the link between the two peers.
Because of the above you need to have a hard limit on the amount of async writes that you have outstanding at any one time. You can track this by incrementing a counter just before you issue an async write and decrementing it in the completion handler.
What you do once you hit that limit is up to you. In the original article I favour a queue that data to be written is placed into. This queue can then be used as a source of data as write completions occur. Once the queue is empty you can send normally again. Of course this simply moves the problem - you still have a memory resource that's controlled by the remote peer (the queued data) but you don't also have other OS resources used too (non-paged pool, I/O page lock limit, etc).
You could simply stop your peer sending when you reach your limit - and now the API that you build over the async API needs to have a 'can't sent at the moment, try again later' return from a send which previously used to always "work".
If you're doing this I would also seriously look at avoiding the pinned memory issue by allocating a large block of buffers in one contiguous block and using them from the pool. | First, that's a very old KB article. How are you sure you have *that* particular problem?
Then, as Hans Passant answers in the SO question, if you write bad async code, it *will* bite you. If you don't take care of your resources (and memory buffers are resources), a concurrent program *will* face memory errors
It's very hard to write good concurrent code using raw Threads and TPL does make it easier but it won't fix the bugs you already have. In fact, unless you identify your current problems you are likely to transfer them to the version that uses TPL.
Without knowing the specific problem that caused your application to crash, I can only make some suggestions:
1. Use [BufferManager](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.servicemodel.channels.buffermanager%28v=vs.110%29.aspx) to reuse memory buffers instead of allocating new ones.
2. Use a queue to store requests and process them asynchronously instead of starting a new thread for each request.
There are other techniques you can use as well, depending on the type of application you are building. Eg you could use TPL DataFlow to break processing in independent steps.
As for CCR, there is not much point in using it outside Robotics Studio. TPL contains most of the relevant functionality you need to write concurrent apps. |
53,972 | I am going to take AC031 from Toronto to Beijing in a couple of weeks, I searched its flight path, most of the time it will fly westbound after taking off from Toronto and continue west across the north pole area and land in Beijing, but yesterday it flew eastbound, across the Atlantic, this is very strange since the distance is a little bit more than flying westbound.
Why?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NbeCT.jpg)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/PPdxw.jpg) | 2018/08/01 | [
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/53972",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/users/33451/"
] | The direct route from [YYZ to PEK flies almost over the north pole](http://www.gcmap.com/mapui?P=yyz-pek,90N0W):
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/SzS8w.gif)
Sometimes, routes need to deviate a bit from the "direct" route, due to prevailing winds or other traffic. If your route from YYZ needs to deviate a bit to the right, then it will cross over to the other side of the north pole (which is the very centre of the map above), and your projected map from Flightaware would show it flying "over" the Atlantic. But really, it's just gone slightly to the right of the pole. | The flight did not fly across the Atlantic. Rather, you're seeing the results of [stereographic projection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereographic_projection).
More specifically, the Earth is Spherical. Navigation needs to be thought of on the basis of a sphere. It is 3-dimensional, and if you have studied sphere geometry, you will know that it defies the rules of geometry we know in 2D - for example it is possible to construct a triangle with three 90-degree angles.
The problem is that 3-dimensional objects cannot be displayed on a map, which is 2-dimensional. Therefore a mathematical formula is used to make a sphere look like a rectangle. The conversion is really skewed for regions near the poles. As a result, you cannot compare distances by measuring them on the projected map.
The route merely deviated slightly to the left in the second picture. However it is still flying over the North Pole, not the Atlantic. The deviation may be due to changes in winds aloft and/or traffic. |
53,972 | I am going to take AC031 from Toronto to Beijing in a couple of weeks, I searched its flight path, most of the time it will fly westbound after taking off from Toronto and continue west across the north pole area and land in Beijing, but yesterday it flew eastbound, across the Atlantic, this is very strange since the distance is a little bit more than flying westbound.
Why?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NbeCT.jpg)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/PPdxw.jpg) | 2018/08/01 | [
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/53972",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/users/33451/"
] | I took Hewgill's picture and added the routes in the OP (I just eyeballed this, so I won't guarantee accuracy).
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/GIwFR.png)
With the FlightAware maps it looks like drastically different routes, but from this angle you can see that both routes are not that far off the ideal route. | The flight did not fly across the Atlantic. Rather, you're seeing the results of [stereographic projection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereographic_projection).
More specifically, the Earth is Spherical. Navigation needs to be thought of on the basis of a sphere. It is 3-dimensional, and if you have studied sphere geometry, you will know that it defies the rules of geometry we know in 2D - for example it is possible to construct a triangle with three 90-degree angles.
The problem is that 3-dimensional objects cannot be displayed on a map, which is 2-dimensional. Therefore a mathematical formula is used to make a sphere look like a rectangle. The conversion is really skewed for regions near the poles. As a result, you cannot compare distances by measuring them on the projected map.
The route merely deviated slightly to the left in the second picture. However it is still flying over the North Pole, not the Atlantic. The deviation may be due to changes in winds aloft and/or traffic. |
53,972 | I am going to take AC031 from Toronto to Beijing in a couple of weeks, I searched its flight path, most of the time it will fly westbound after taking off from Toronto and continue west across the north pole area and land in Beijing, but yesterday it flew eastbound, across the Atlantic, this is very strange since the distance is a little bit more than flying westbound.
Why?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NbeCT.jpg)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/PPdxw.jpg) | 2018/08/01 | [
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/53972",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/users/33451/"
] | The flight did not fly across the Atlantic. Rather, you're seeing the results of [stereographic projection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereographic_projection).
More specifically, the Earth is Spherical. Navigation needs to be thought of on the basis of a sphere. It is 3-dimensional, and if you have studied sphere geometry, you will know that it defies the rules of geometry we know in 2D - for example it is possible to construct a triangle with three 90-degree angles.
The problem is that 3-dimensional objects cannot be displayed on a map, which is 2-dimensional. Therefore a mathematical formula is used to make a sphere look like a rectangle. The conversion is really skewed for regions near the poles. As a result, you cannot compare distances by measuring them on the projected map.
The route merely deviated slightly to the left in the second picture. However it is still flying over the North Pole, not the Atlantic. The deviation may be due to changes in winds aloft and/or traffic. | ALL flight paths on the earth are curved, cause the earth is a sphere! Which way that curve appears depends on which side of the curve you are observing it from. If you observe it frm south of the flight path it will appear to curve northwards and then south. If you observe it from East of the flight path it will appear to curve West and then East, etc. |
53,972 | I am going to take AC031 from Toronto to Beijing in a couple of weeks, I searched its flight path, most of the time it will fly westbound after taking off from Toronto and continue west across the north pole area and land in Beijing, but yesterday it flew eastbound, across the Atlantic, this is very strange since the distance is a little bit more than flying westbound.
Why?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NbeCT.jpg)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/PPdxw.jpg) | 2018/08/01 | [
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/53972",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/users/33451/"
] | I took Hewgill's picture and added the routes in the OP (I just eyeballed this, so I won't guarantee accuracy).
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/GIwFR.png)
With the FlightAware maps it looks like drastically different routes, but from this angle you can see that both routes are not that far off the ideal route. | The direct route from [YYZ to PEK flies almost over the north pole](http://www.gcmap.com/mapui?P=yyz-pek,90N0W):
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/SzS8w.gif)
Sometimes, routes need to deviate a bit from the "direct" route, due to prevailing winds or other traffic. If your route from YYZ needs to deviate a bit to the right, then it will cross over to the other side of the north pole (which is the very centre of the map above), and your projected map from Flightaware would show it flying "over" the Atlantic. But really, it's just gone slightly to the right of the pole. |
53,972 | I am going to take AC031 from Toronto to Beijing in a couple of weeks, I searched its flight path, most of the time it will fly westbound after taking off from Toronto and continue west across the north pole area and land in Beijing, but yesterday it flew eastbound, across the Atlantic, this is very strange since the distance is a little bit more than flying westbound.
Why?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NbeCT.jpg)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/PPdxw.jpg) | 2018/08/01 | [
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/53972",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/users/33451/"
] | The direct route from [YYZ to PEK flies almost over the north pole](http://www.gcmap.com/mapui?P=yyz-pek,90N0W):
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/SzS8w.gif)
Sometimes, routes need to deviate a bit from the "direct" route, due to prevailing winds or other traffic. If your route from YYZ needs to deviate a bit to the right, then it will cross over to the other side of the north pole (which is the very centre of the map above), and your projected map from Flightaware would show it flying "over" the Atlantic. But really, it's just gone slightly to the right of the pole. | ALL flight paths on the earth are curved, cause the earth is a sphere! Which way that curve appears depends on which side of the curve you are observing it from. If you observe it frm south of the flight path it will appear to curve northwards and then south. If you observe it from East of the flight path it will appear to curve West and then East, etc. |
53,972 | I am going to take AC031 from Toronto to Beijing in a couple of weeks, I searched its flight path, most of the time it will fly westbound after taking off from Toronto and continue west across the north pole area and land in Beijing, but yesterday it flew eastbound, across the Atlantic, this is very strange since the distance is a little bit more than flying westbound.
Why?
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/NbeCT.jpg)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/PPdxw.jpg) | 2018/08/01 | [
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/53972",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/users/33451/"
] | I took Hewgill's picture and added the routes in the OP (I just eyeballed this, so I won't guarantee accuracy).
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/GIwFR.png)
With the FlightAware maps it looks like drastically different routes, but from this angle you can see that both routes are not that far off the ideal route. | ALL flight paths on the earth are curved, cause the earth is a sphere! Which way that curve appears depends on which side of the curve you are observing it from. If you observe it frm south of the flight path it will appear to curve northwards and then south. If you observe it from East of the flight path it will appear to curve West and then East, etc. |
24,935 | I have tried to implement a solution to accomplish at least 4 windows tiling, Elementary seems to do only vertical 2 sides windows tiling as detailed here.
I tried and failed with the instructions here:
<https://github.com/UbuntuBudgie/window-shuffler>
<https://github.com/UbuntuBudgie/budgie-extras>
<https://discourse.ubuntubudgie.org/t/window-shuffler/39/6>
I tried adding the ubuntu-budgie-welcome as stated here:
"Ubuntu - use the ubuntu-budgie-welcome snap - and install via Menu - Budgie Applets"
got a bunch of staff installed but the new apps would not run and the budgie-welcome did not start anything.
With one of the instructions I got to the point where it would show the App but it wouldn't do anything.
Any advise on getting this or any other solution that will help me get a big screen better and more easily organized very much appreciated. | 2020/06/16 | [
"https://elementaryos.stackexchange.com/questions/24935",
"https://elementaryos.stackexchange.com",
"https://elementaryos.stackexchange.com/users/23205/"
] | From eOS Reddit:
<https://www.reddit.com/r/elementaryos/comments/gxhsi9/slowly_losing_dark_theme_with_each_update/>
>
> replace the file at /usr/share/dbus-1/interfaces/io.elementary.pantheon.AccountsService.xml with the contents of
>
>
> <https://github.com/elementary/default-settings/blob/master/accountsservice/io.elementary.pantheon.AccountsService.xml>
>
>
> | I would like to add to MA Jacob's solution that, if you follow his solution but still don't see a dark mode in things like:
* The system settings
* The Applications Menu and other wingpanel indicators
It *might* be because you changed your Plank Theme.
I did this, since I wanted a transparent dock (Ctrl + Click on Dock, Preferences, Theme) and the aforementioned stayed in light mode.
Changing it back to "Default" solved it for me.
I still got my transparent dock by copying /usr/share/plank/themes/Transparent/dock.theme to /usr/share/plank/themes/Default/dock.theme (backup the Default/dock.theme first)
and leaving the setting on Default to keep dark mode. |
24,935 | I have tried to implement a solution to accomplish at least 4 windows tiling, Elementary seems to do only vertical 2 sides windows tiling as detailed here.
I tried and failed with the instructions here:
<https://github.com/UbuntuBudgie/window-shuffler>
<https://github.com/UbuntuBudgie/budgie-extras>
<https://discourse.ubuntubudgie.org/t/window-shuffler/39/6>
I tried adding the ubuntu-budgie-welcome as stated here:
"Ubuntu - use the ubuntu-budgie-welcome snap - and install via Menu - Budgie Applets"
got a bunch of staff installed but the new apps would not run and the budgie-welcome did not start anything.
With one of the instructions I got to the point where it would show the App but it wouldn't do anything.
Any advise on getting this or any other solution that will help me get a big screen better and more easily organized very much appreciated. | 2020/06/16 | [
"https://elementaryos.stackexchange.com/questions/24935",
"https://elementaryos.stackexchange.com",
"https://elementaryos.stackexchange.com/users/23205/"
] | From eOS Reddit:
<https://www.reddit.com/r/elementaryos/comments/gxhsi9/slowly_losing_dark_theme_with_each_update/>
>
> replace the file at /usr/share/dbus-1/interfaces/io.elementary.pantheon.AccountsService.xml with the contents of
>
>
> <https://github.com/elementary/default-settings/blob/master/accountsservice/io.elementary.pantheon.AccountsService.xml>
>
>
> | the PrefersColorScheme solution worked to me. Thanks!
the dark theme turned to light after several system updates.
I remember I turned the dark theme on under the system settings panel, now the option it's not there anymore. Anyone knows why? I am running 5.1.7 Hera |
277,533 | I was playing an offline server then my pc ran out of battery then when I opened minecraft again the server was deleted. Can I get the server back? My pc isn't that good so that might be the problem. | 2016/07/27 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/277533",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/158347/"
] | Well if its a single player world then no the game was erased from your computer because u didn't save it before your computer died so it gone foever!
if it was a multiplayer that u somewhat made offline then yes but thats 99% not the case | Well, I understood in your brief description that your servers that would have been in the 'Multiplayer' tab, have disappeared. This is a glitch in minecraft that I have encountered on various times. There is currently no way to fix this to my knowledge. |
61,225,328 | I am using Delphi 10.3 on Windows 10.
I need to find the COM ports that a paired Bluetooth device is using, and then connect to the device.
I have looked on Bluetooth manager and found nothing relating to COM port. | 2020/04/15 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/61225328",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/4219446/"
] | You cant see Vue component at this way. Install Vue dev tool plugin following this link:
<https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/vuejs-devtools/nhdogjmejiglipccpnnnanhbledajbpd>
Then you will be able to see this in your chrome browser:
<https://www.dropbox.com/s/fo0jpb4y1w0cv8k/Screenshot%202020-04-17%2010.26.52.png?dl=0>
Please note that in order to be able to see Vue dev tab in your chrome dev tools, you must have assets built as dev.
npm run dev or yarn watch etc.. If you run npm run production or yarn production, you will not have Vue tab since is not in development mode. | maybe try this extension when trying to debug Vue as it will show component structures, props and much more: <https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/vuejs-devtools/nhdogjmejiglipccpnnnanhbledajbpd> |
344,627 | Admittedly I'm clueless when it comes to electrical engineering. I felt compelled to add a ferrite bead/choke/clamp to my computer's power cord since it was missing one. Would it be helpful? What kind should I get, or are most sold generally the same? Does the wire need to wrap around the ferrite bead, or can I just clamp on the bead and call it a day? Thanks a bunch! | 2017/12/12 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/344627",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/171682/"
] | A ferrite bead around a cable adds common mode inductance to the cable. The purpose is to increase the impedance of the cable at high frequencies. With higher impedance, less power can be radiated or conducted from the cable.
Whether your cable needs a ferrite around it depends on whether you need to reduce the conducted or radiated emissions at high frequencies. If it is for personal use, then there is little reason to bother.
If you are trying to sell a product, then you have to make sure it conforms to the emissions standards in whatever jurisdiction you offer it for sale in. In the US, these standards are defined in part 15 of the FCC rules. In Europe, you generally need to meet CE specifications. | If you use a handheld ham radio close to your computer, a ferrite bread helps reduce interference from the electromagnetic energy radiated from the power cord.
I just got my ham radio license and when I use my hand held radio at the desk in my home office that has two computers, four monitors, and a 43 in TV on it, there is a noticeable hum when I am listening to the radio. People at the other end don't hear it, but it certainly makes it harder for me to hear them.
I reported the hum to another amateur radio operator yesterday, who explained I need to add ferrite chokes to reduce the RF (Radio Frequency) interference.
I'm now trying to figure out how to get the right size ferrite chokes for all the power cords in the room.
There may be other types of sensitive electronic equipment that are also affected by that electromagnetic energy.
If you have electronics affected this way, adding a ferrite bead to the power cords in the area (get the right size for each power cord and simply snap it on to the cord) should help.
Most people won't need this. |
24,488 | Let's say hypothetically, a team scored a touchdown but putting them ahead only 1 point late in the 4th quarter and kicking an extra point would only add an additional point. To take time away from the opposing team, can the holder just spike the ball to run the clock further down or is that a live ball? I know a 2 point conversion would tie the game, but also during this scenario, let's pretend this type of conversion doesn't exist. | 2020/01/06 | [
"https://sports.stackexchange.com/questions/24488",
"https://sports.stackexchange.com",
"https://sports.stackexchange.com/users/189/"
] | Spiking the ball stops the game clock from running in general. Perhaps you're thinking of taking a knee as it's done at the end of games to kill the clock.
However, the clock doesn't run during the extra point attempts (both for kicks and for 2 point conversions). So teams scoring a point cannot kill more time.
You can see references to game clock not running [here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clock_management#Rules_for_the_game_clock):
>
> ... the clock does not run during or after a conversion attempt in the NFL or NCAA college football.
>
>
>
and [here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversion_(gridiron_football)#Differences_between_leagues)
>
> In American football, the game clock does not run during an extra-point attempt
>
>
> | Yes they can down it or even spike it and as mentioned in the other answer the clock does not run on extra points.
However a note and this has already happened multiple times in NFL games after 2 point conversion was added - in the situation you outlined a coach would be foolish to do anything but have their QB take a knee.
A two point conversion might help them extend to 3 points but is risky... but a kick is just plain dumb. Kicking for 1 point to give yourself a 2 point lead with just a little time left on the clock is useless. If you would get the kick blocked and returned that is 2 points going the other way and you lose. |
252,539 | Our front and side concrete steps are being replaced.
Our contractor has jacked out part of the steps, but not all of it. He also intends to use the broken concrete as fill inside the new steps.
On our side steps, it looks like our previous step was already pulling away from concrete landing. Had rebar attached, but still about an inch gap that led to a prior slight slope on step. Shouldn’t all of that just be jacked out? [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/MNZ6U.jpg)
In our backyard, we are having 2 new steps being poured. They plan on attaching back of steps to 6x6 post, but no footers have been poured. The 2 backyard steps will have a 3 foot landing and 3 steps on one side of porch and 2 steps on other. Shouldn’t the se have footers?
Thank you. | 2022/07/08 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/252539",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/153884/"
] | Can't say for certain without seeing the new form around it. Tops of the forms need to be *at least* four inches above anything, ideally six. The sides also need the same distance, laterally.
They banged the crap out of it and it laughed at them. This is good. It has done its settling. Anything you do now will 'disturb' the soil and create the same problem in the future. Unless you suspect it's undermined (nor due to frost heaving), it's good to go.
I busted up a patio once and watched the pieces collapse into the subsidence. Poured 4"~6" over it, and even though it's 10'x10', without any expansion joints or even a shear plane grove, it still hasn't cracked. | For me a good job would be to remove all of the old steps, since it was already tilting, indication that the foundation is not stable.
Dig and pour new foundation to make it stable.
Attaching it too 6x6 is a patch work.
Using aggregate like rocks or old concrete would help to prevent concrete cracking. |
38,425 | I'm looking for a short story I read probably 30 years ago.
The two main characters in the story were food designers who specialized in cultured meat grown from cells cloned from unlikely sources. They seemed almost like a cross between geneticists and fashion designers, producing new, interesting meats that would become trendy. I seem to recall that one of their hits was steak-sized meat cultured from lark's tongue cells.
At the end of the story they're presenting their latest creation, offering tastes but without saying what it is. The taster loves it. The twist, of course, is that it's cultured human flesh, a steak made from cells cloned from one of the main characters.
The ending might be a bit predictable but this was the first time I had heard of some of the ideas, and as a kid it was kind of mind blowing. | 2013/07/22 | [
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/38425",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/users/11730/"
] | [Pleased to Meat You](https://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?48698) by Stephen L. Burns
I searched for *meat lark's tongue subject:"science fiction"* in Google books and [Analog Science Fiction/science Fact](https://books.google.com/books?id=vNZaAAAAYAAJ), Volume 108 came up:
>
> “You've cultured them as individual tongues! They're not just sliced
> and shaped out of a tissue block!" ' Sure enough, his plate contained
> a small soleille of Dijon mustard spiced with tarragon, surrounded by
> arrowhead-shaped lark's-tongues arranged in a sunburst pattern.
>
>
>
Here's a fragment showing cultured human flesh discussion:
>
> Del looked wistful. "Good? It was the best neomeat I've ever tasted!" His face hardened. "But it was human flesh!" Timmy only smiled. The expression on Slim's
> face made him appear almost as simple as Timmy, but it was a sign that
> he was deep in thought. Janna shrugged, her face mirroring her words.
> "So what? The initial tissues were given voluntarily — I ought to
> know. I donated them. Implanting cultured human tissues isn't wrong,
> is it? Human tissue is already a commodity." "Implanting isn't eating!
> That's immoral! Sweet Jesus, you're talking about cannibalism!
>
>
> | Sounds close to Arthur C. Clarke's [Food of the Gods](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Food_of_the_Gods_%28short_story%29), only this one consists solely of one side of a dialogue between a food manufacturer and a congressional committee. |
261,137 | Can I use a molly or toggle bolt to mount a 50kg (110lb) concrete sculpture on my concrete wall? The wall is 6inches thick. | 2022/11/24 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/261137",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/159341/"
] | Tesla Model 3 owner here. Target being able to charge the car to 80% from say 20%. So for a Model 3, that’s around 200 miles or so. At 48A, that’s about 44MPH. So about 4.5 hours. So 9 hours if you were to use that 30A circuit. We drive our Model 3 a LOT and I can tell you that a 30A circuit is going to be totally acceptable for almost everything you’re going to do *if* you’re plugging in the car each night.
As far as the panel, technically you’d need a load calculation done. That thing looks pretty filled already, but it’s what you’re filling it with that matters.
For a modern house with a 200A service, you can generally get away with it. I would consider doing a new subpanel, though. That’s what we did at our house with our filled 200A panel, and I’m happy that we did. It gave us some good flexibility that we needed in our next renovation and prevented overstuffing our main box. | >
> Someone suggested I can swap the top 2 2-pole 30A breakers
>
>
>
A close examination of the diagram on the door indicates the top 6 stabs are designed for single circuit use only. So no, replacing 2 of those breakers is probably out of the question.
Also note despite the careful grouping of wires in the panel, the installer didn't provide any slack that would allow you to reposition circuit breakers.
Thirdly, any new work in here should be subject to inspection, and there are a large number of handle ties (#ECQTH2) missing in this panel.
To free up space, you should figure out which circuit would be easiest to move to a new subpanel and then use the new space for the feeder. I suggest the top-most circuit because it feeds from the bottom and has the most slack available to reach a new panel.
If you're desperate to avoid adding a panel, there is another option available by replacing the AFCI breakers with the updated tandem AFCI model (#Q2020AFCP). That would free up one space and allow some shuffling of the bottom 7 breakers. Just keep in mind this would require work on the neutral bar right next to the main breaker, which is live equipment labeled "WARNING", so always wear gloves and safety glasses. |
261,137 | Can I use a molly or toggle bolt to mount a 50kg (110lb) concrete sculpture on my concrete wall? The wall is 6inches thick. | 2022/11/24 | [
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/261137",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com",
"https://diy.stackexchange.com/users/159341/"
] | Tesla Model 3 owner here. Target being able to charge the car to 80% from say 20%. So for a Model 3, that’s around 200 miles or so. At 48A, that’s about 44MPH. So about 4.5 hours. So 9 hours if you were to use that 30A circuit. We drive our Model 3 a LOT and I can tell you that a 30A circuit is going to be totally acceptable for almost everything you’re going to do *if* you’re plugging in the car each night.
As far as the panel, technically you’d need a load calculation done. That thing looks pretty filled already, but it’s what you’re filling it with that matters.
For a modern house with a 200A service, you can generally get away with it. I would consider doing a new subpanel, though. That’s what we did at our house with our filled 200A panel, and I’m happy that we did. It gave us some good flexibility that we needed in our next renovation and prevented overstuffing our main box. | Don't go overboard with charge rate
-----------------------------------
Charge rate is programmable - *You don't **have to** charge at 60A. And probably can't without a service upgrade*. But we can avoid that cost.
[Here's a great video on a very common error made by novice EVers that has cost them a ton of money and probably even burned a few houses down.](https://youtu.be/Iyp_X3mwE1w?t=1695) Please watch a few minutes of it, starting at 28:15.
If you can get to 32:55, all the better. That delivers perfectly usable charging at sensible cost, that will probably fit on your panel.
Feel free to watch the whole video if you like. The first part drones on a bit about watts and volts and stuff, but it grows the beard.
Your house probably can't support 60A charge rate
-------------------------------------------------
Another common *blunder* by novice EVers is to slap a giant charging circuit on an already-loaded service. This bets the farm that the main breaker will do its job - that's not how electrical is done! For a large EVSE you are **required** to do a NEC Article 220 Load Calculation for all your house's loads. (though a great many, present company excepted of course, ignore that.)
That will reveal how much spare capacity exists for level 2 charging. If it's not enough, you'll either need to a) get a service upgrade, b) get special EVSEs capable of monitoring other loads in the house and reducing EV charge rate to prevent overload, or c) *scale back your charge rate ambitions to what the service can support*.
Generally, installing an EV circuit requires pulling a permit. The city will want to see your Load Calculation and will require that your installation stay within it. Power companies often want you to report EVSE installations as well.
It's not that bad
-----------------
I know that many novice EVers are gripped by fear that their charging won't be enough. I understand. But it's a false fear. Think about it, what are your lease terms? Most leases give 12,000 miles a year. Well assuming you only drive workdays, that's 48 miles a day. You could do that with the 120V level 1 charger lol. *But, we want to have a **significant** margin for unusual periods of use, so we want something like 140-170 miles in 14 hours*. Well, that is exactly the 20A/240V charging discussed at 32:55 in the video. And you are much, much more likely to fit that on a service like yours than a 60A behemoth.
And even if you managed to have two 250 mile days back to back, 5-15 minutes at a Supercharger in the evening *on the way home* the first night can close the gap. The Supercharger doesn't have to fill the car to full, just get it far enough along for the home unit to finish.
The Tesla Wall Connector can be configured for any breaker size: this is done when **commissioning** the EVSE. I would advise setting it for a 20A breaker if you're not willing to do the number-crunch and figure out what your circuit can handle
I really want 60A, though, and I'm willing to pay for it.
---------------------------------------------------------
I would suggest holding off until you get more experience with EVs and discover how unnecessary it is. But if you insist, there are three ways to go about that.
First, you can crunch your NEC Article 220 Load Calculation and see if it actually comes out to less than 140A. Good luck lol.
Second, you can pay for a **service upgrade** to 300A or 400A.
Third, you can use a load-sensing EVSE that monitors other circuits and automatically throttles back EV charging when those other circuits are in use. This is becoming a feature of "smart panels" like the SPAN - however we expect this technology to fall greatly in price. But more typically you will have an EVSE which adds a current sensor to your panel. It clamps other wires to see what their load is, and makes sure those loads plus the EVSE don't exceed a certain amount.
For instance, let's suppose your 60A EVSE would fit on your Load Calculation *if* the water heater and dryer were deleted. You have the EVSE's sensor clamp the water heater and dryer wires and tell the EVSE "Don't let *all of you together* exceed 60A". You'd be able to sit in the car and watch this; when the 4.5kW water heater kicks on, charge rate would drop from 11 kW to 6.5 kW.
However, most EVSEs which use this technology expect to clamp the main service wires. **That won't work on your panel** because of how it's laid out.
A similar and simpler thing can be done simply by identifying a 30A load with a socket (this means, your dryer) and extending that circuit into the garage with another socket. This will require cord-and-plug connection to the EVSE.
Cord and plug vs hardwired
--------------------------
Novices often think they need a cord-and-plug. No, Tesla Wall Connectors can be hardwired, and at 60A *must be* hardwired. Additionally, many states have adopted NEC 2020. Unless they have deleted this rule, **any 240V socket** in a garage is require to have GFCI protection, necessitating a 240V GFCI breaker ($150-ish). So it is better to avoid the socket if feasible.
If you share the dryer circuit, the socket is required, and upgrading the dryer circuit to "grounded" (if it's 3-prong) is also required, and so the GFCI is required too.
As far as wires, each wire has a maximum size. You can always use a larger wire than is required. Tesla's Wall Connector allows only copper connections but 75C thermal limit, allowing wires *other than* NM or UF higher amps.
* 12 AWG copper allows 20 amp breaker.
* 10 AWG copper has a maximum 30 amp breaker.
* 8 AWG NM and UF (Romex) max out at 40 amps.
* 8 AWG other types of copper cable, 50A.
* 6 AWG NM and UF (romex) max out at 55A. ***Not adequate for 60A***.
* 6 AWG other types of copper, 65A.
* 4 AWG NM and UF (Romex) max out at 70A.
Space for an EV circuit
-----------------------
You have a Murray panel. **The only correct breakers for that panel are Murray MP or Siemens QP** (which is simply a rename of MP). Alien breakers can damage the panel. Now I gather the A/C contractor put that Cutler Hammer BR250 breaker in there? That should be changed to a Siemens Q250.
Further, I note that both of the 30A breakers have red-black wires - no white wire on the breaker, so clearly these circuits have neutral. Since they do, they need a **common trip** breaker (one side overloads, both trip). That Eaton BQ was not one, by the way.
Now looking at the panel label it appears every breaker is permitted to have tandem breakers. You certainly could compress the two 30A/240V breakers into a **Siemens Q23030CT2**, a quad with common trip both inner and outer.
While you're installing quadplex breakers, I call your attention to all the single breakers with red wires on them. These are called [**Multi-Wire Branch Circuits**](https://diy.stackexchange.com/questions/110151/what-is-a-tandem-breaker-aka-duplex-cheater-twin-double-stuff-etc) and they are wired dangerously wrong. MWBCs must be phased so there is 240V across the two hot wires in the same cable! Further, there MUST be handle-ties across the two handle throws. So you will need to read up on MWBCs, follow the hot wires to identify your MWBCs, and install quadplex breakers appropriately. However, if the MWBCs don't have 240V loads on them, they don't need **common-trip** breakers. Depending on what Siemens offers, it may also be possible to do it with handle-ties. |
26,991 | Can arduino generate the frequency with the resolution of 2 decimal places?
i.e. 100.12 Hz, 98.23Hz, 1.92Hz...
recently I need to generate a frequency to allow a stepper motor to move accordingly. But to ensure the stepper motor to functions normally, frequency must be generated , and it must be of 2 decimal places.
Can Arduino do that? Or is there any specific product that may generate frequency resolution as such? | 2016/08/03 | [
"https://arduino.stackexchange.com/questions/26991",
"https://arduino.stackexchange.com",
"https://arduino.stackexchange.com/users/24447/"
] | >
> How can I convert PID correction values to an PWM brushless command?
>
>
>
you have to do that yourself. you have to figure out first how to correct a pid value directionally. for example, should you increase the duty cycle if pid is positive or negative?
after that, you will need to map the pid value to a range for your pwm dc.
basically, it is application / task specific, and you are in complete charge. | You convert PID outputs to process outputs by selecting appropriate Kp, Ki, and Kd constants -- they translate the error components into a process output. For example, if you want 10 degrees of error to give you a full-scale analogWrite() adjustment, set Kp=255.0/10. Ki and Kd will depend on the (unspecified) sampling interval. If the measurements are noisy, you can use the Ki term to do some filtering work, but if you filter it prior to the PID, it will reduce the performance of the PID.
Code-wise, you are missing some sort of`errp=err;` code, you need more than acceleration in the x direction to calculate an angle, (atan2(az,ax) or some such, depending on orientation), and your PID scheme doesn't protect against common problems like out-of-range, integral windup, or inconsistent sampling interval. You should investigate the <http://playground.arduino.cc/Code/PIDLibrary> for a more robust implementation than you've half-coded above. |
7,223 | What Buddhist distinction is made between "awareness" and "consciousness"?
I view "mindfulness" as a purposeful application of awareness.
However, I am at a loss for a clear distinction between awareness and consciousness. | 2015/01/15 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/7223",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/108/"
] | Here is a short passage from [What the Buddha Taught](http://www.dhammaweb.net/books/Dr_Walpola_Rahula_What_the_Buddha_Taught.pdf) by Dr. Walpola Rahula that discusses how consciousness is different than perception. I'm not sure if this answers your question, but I found the example given helpful to my own understanding of consciousness.
>
> It should be clearly understood that consciousness does not recognize an
> object. It is only a sort of awareness-awareness of the presence of an object. When
> the eye comes in contact with a colour, for instance blue, visual consciousness arises
> which simply is awareness of the presence of a colour: but it does not recognize that
> it is blue. There is no recognition at this stage. It is perception (the third Aggregate
> discussed above) that recognizes that it is blue. The term 'visual consciousness' is a
> philosophical expression denoting the same idea as is conveyed by the ordinary
> word 'seeing'. Seeing does not mean recognizing. So are the other forms of
> consciousness.
>
>
> | Awareness is simply consciousness without any engagement. Consciousness when it engages in senses results in mind and emotional activities. Awareness can also be stated as mindfulness but I find this defintion has mind in it therefore confusing. If you are in your natural state i.e. without thoughts and emotions you are aware or conscious. |
7,223 | What Buddhist distinction is made between "awareness" and "consciousness"?
I view "mindfulness" as a purposeful application of awareness.
However, I am at a loss for a clear distinction between awareness and consciousness. | 2015/01/15 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/7223",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/108/"
] | Here is a short passage from [What the Buddha Taught](http://www.dhammaweb.net/books/Dr_Walpola_Rahula_What_the_Buddha_Taught.pdf) by Dr. Walpola Rahula that discusses how consciousness is different than perception. I'm not sure if this answers your question, but I found the example given helpful to my own understanding of consciousness.
>
> It should be clearly understood that consciousness does not recognize an
> object. It is only a sort of awareness-awareness of the presence of an object. When
> the eye comes in contact with a colour, for instance blue, visual consciousness arises
> which simply is awareness of the presence of a colour: but it does not recognize that
> it is blue. There is no recognition at this stage. It is perception (the third Aggregate
> discussed above) that recognizes that it is blue. The term 'visual consciousness' is a
> philosophical expression denoting the same idea as is conveyed by the ordinary
> word 'seeing'. Seeing does not mean recognizing. So are the other forms of
> consciousness.
>
>
> | You could think it like this. Consciousness means cognizing something. Or become aware of. In other words Vinyana. So Awareness and Cognizing is somewhat the same in terms of terminology. Mindfulness is knowing that you know something. In other words knowing that you cognize or knowing that you are aware of. |
7,223 | What Buddhist distinction is made between "awareness" and "consciousness"?
I view "mindfulness" as a purposeful application of awareness.
However, I am at a loss for a clear distinction between awareness and consciousness. | 2015/01/15 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/7223",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/108/"
] | Before differentiating between Consciousness and Awareness we'd first have to define what Consciousness is and what Awareness is on its own.Try to answer these questions How do you know that your aware? What's the evidence?Where do you find your awareness,your knowing?Not What you know but what's it like to be knowing?What's it like to be aware?
Can you sense how some experiences goes beyond words,concepts and intellectualised ideas.
And can only be described by our relationship or attachments to it.
So what is awareness?Maybe Awareness is A, Maybe Awareness is B, Maybe Awareness just IS.
I have to add that consciousness is an aggregate and is biased.It may well be the result of clinging to awareness.Seeing it as My awareness.But i still think its difficult to pin down. | Awareness is simply consciousness without any engagement. Consciousness when it engages in senses results in mind and emotional activities. Awareness can also be stated as mindfulness but I find this defintion has mind in it therefore confusing. If you are in your natural state i.e. without thoughts and emotions you are aware or conscious. |
7,223 | What Buddhist distinction is made between "awareness" and "consciousness"?
I view "mindfulness" as a purposeful application of awareness.
However, I am at a loss for a clear distinction between awareness and consciousness. | 2015/01/15 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/7223",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/108/"
] | Before differentiating between Consciousness and Awareness we'd first have to define what Consciousness is and what Awareness is on its own.Try to answer these questions How do you know that your aware? What's the evidence?Where do you find your awareness,your knowing?Not What you know but what's it like to be knowing?What's it like to be aware?
Can you sense how some experiences goes beyond words,concepts and intellectualised ideas.
And can only be described by our relationship or attachments to it.
So what is awareness?Maybe Awareness is A, Maybe Awareness is B, Maybe Awareness just IS.
I have to add that consciousness is an aggregate and is biased.It may well be the result of clinging to awareness.Seeing it as My awareness.But i still think its difficult to pin down. | You could think it like this. Consciousness means cognizing something. Or become aware of. In other words Vinyana. So Awareness and Cognizing is somewhat the same in terms of terminology. Mindfulness is knowing that you know something. In other words knowing that you cognize or knowing that you are aware of. |
7,223 | What Buddhist distinction is made between "awareness" and "consciousness"?
I view "mindfulness" as a purposeful application of awareness.
However, I am at a loss for a clear distinction between awareness and consciousness. | 2015/01/15 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/7223",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/108/"
] | "Awareness" is an English word used by Westerners that (to my knowledge) does not really exist in the terminology of Pali Buddhism.
I agree with the view that "mindfulness" ('sati') is a purposeful application of awareness or consciousness. 'Sati' means to 'remember' or 'bring to/keep in mind'.
The Pali uses the word '*anupassi*' ('continous seeing') when referring to being aware of meditation objects or uses the word '*sampajjana*' ('ready wisdom') when referring to knowing clearly what is going on in meditation.
Westerners like using the word 'awareness' but I do not know a Pali equivalent. | Awareness is simply consciousness without any engagement. Consciousness when it engages in senses results in mind and emotional activities. Awareness can also be stated as mindfulness but I find this defintion has mind in it therefore confusing. If you are in your natural state i.e. without thoughts and emotions you are aware or conscious. |
7,223 | What Buddhist distinction is made between "awareness" and "consciousness"?
I view "mindfulness" as a purposeful application of awareness.
However, I am at a loss for a clear distinction between awareness and consciousness. | 2015/01/15 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/7223",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/108/"
] | You could think it like this. Consciousness means cognizing something. Or become aware of. In other words Vinyana. So Awareness and Cognizing is somewhat the same in terms of terminology. Mindfulness is knowing that you know something. In other words knowing that you cognize or knowing that you are aware of. | Awareness is simply consciousness without any engagement. Consciousness when it engages in senses results in mind and emotional activities. Awareness can also be stated as mindfulness but I find this defintion has mind in it therefore confusing. If you are in your natural state i.e. without thoughts and emotions you are aware or conscious. |
7,223 | What Buddhist distinction is made between "awareness" and "consciousness"?
I view "mindfulness" as a purposeful application of awareness.
However, I am at a loss for a clear distinction between awareness and consciousness. | 2015/01/15 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/7223",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/108/"
] | "Awareness" is an English word used by Westerners that (to my knowledge) does not really exist in the terminology of Pali Buddhism.
I agree with the view that "mindfulness" ('sati') is a purposeful application of awareness or consciousness. 'Sati' means to 'remember' or 'bring to/keep in mind'.
The Pali uses the word '*anupassi*' ('continous seeing') when referring to being aware of meditation objects or uses the word '*sampajjana*' ('ready wisdom') when referring to knowing clearly what is going on in meditation.
Westerners like using the word 'awareness' but I do not know a Pali equivalent. | You could think it like this. Consciousness means cognizing something. Or become aware of. In other words Vinyana. So Awareness and Cognizing is somewhat the same in terms of terminology. Mindfulness is knowing that you know something. In other words knowing that you cognize or knowing that you are aware of. |
128,384 | I have been offered a promotion or rather an extension to my role. This is something the company knows I am keen to do as I have been trying to progress to this for nearly two years.
Here’s the problem. I have worked at the company for over two years. I am a trusted hard working individual who overachieves on appraisals. For the new role that is being dangled like a carrot, the company expect me to do a 3 month trial period in which I will be taking on essentially a complete role as well as doing my current role, but they will not discuss the potential financial improvements until after the 3 month trial. I have been told by senior management that there is no money available in the pot.
Why should I work two jobs for three months to then have no potential of a pay rise. Am I shooting myself in the foot for turning this job down? I’m 23 and I feel like the company is taking advantage of me.
What are your thoughts? Who would take a job without knowing the wage? | 2019/02/06 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/128384",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/99306/"
] | Tell them that while you are interested in taking on the new role that you are very disappointed and unhappy that there is no increased compensation for the additional responsibilities you are being asked to take on. Tell them what you've done for them over the last 2 years, how well they've regarded you and remind them of all the praise you've received. Shake your head and sigh a few times to emphasize just how disappointed you are.
Do not say "yes" to anything. Do not immediately agree to their first offer, and whatever they do come back with ask for a bit more.
Regardless of the outcome, take the new job, get the experience and add it to your CV and start interviewing elsewhere. When you get a job offer, take it to your current boss and thank them for everything but that you have received an offer elsewhere. See if they come back with a counteroffer. | In my experience, it is not unprecedented that promotions come *after* you assume new responsibilities, quite often either by finding out the need for them or inheriting them from someone else. So it might be reasonable to have such a trial period where you have for a limited, ideally defined time additional responsibilities, and if you do succeed, you got your merit promotion. However it needs to be understood with such arrangements, that if they do not award you the promotion after that reasonabe period, you will give up these additional responsibilities. I would suggest to explain this position to your manager in writing so that you have a trail in case they do not give any sign of increasing your salary in a few months and your enthusiasm for performing an additional role expires.
On the other hand, what I am talking about is "additional responsibilities" and "promotion", meaning that you somehow expand on your existing duties with broadly related activities (e.g. become a senior team member, or even team lead). If they offer a completely different role to you (i.e. what HR people call often a "lateral move"), that sounds somewhat suspicious. It is not unheard of either, however I have not encountered such cases outside mid- to top-level management, which I suspect is not your area. |
128,384 | I have been offered a promotion or rather an extension to my role. This is something the company knows I am keen to do as I have been trying to progress to this for nearly two years.
Here’s the problem. I have worked at the company for over two years. I am a trusted hard working individual who overachieves on appraisals. For the new role that is being dangled like a carrot, the company expect me to do a 3 month trial period in which I will be taking on essentially a complete role as well as doing my current role, but they will not discuss the potential financial improvements until after the 3 month trial. I have been told by senior management that there is no money available in the pot.
Why should I work two jobs for three months to then have no potential of a pay rise. Am I shooting myself in the foot for turning this job down? I’m 23 and I feel like the company is taking advantage of me.
What are your thoughts? Who would take a job without knowing the wage? | 2019/02/06 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/128384",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/99306/"
] | Tell them that while you are interested in taking on the new role that you are very disappointed and unhappy that there is no increased compensation for the additional responsibilities you are being asked to take on. Tell them what you've done for them over the last 2 years, how well they've regarded you and remind them of all the praise you've received. Shake your head and sigh a few times to emphasize just how disappointed you are.
Do not say "yes" to anything. Do not immediately agree to their first offer, and whatever they do come back with ask for a bit more.
Regardless of the outcome, take the new job, get the experience and add it to your CV and start interviewing elsewhere. When you get a job offer, take it to your current boss and thank them for everything but that you have received an offer elsewhere. See if they come back with a counteroffer. | The crux of the issue is that you have the best negotiating position with the most options before you start the probationary period.
Once you have begun to do the work without a mutually shared understanding of how things will look if you succeed, it will be much harder to move the new status quo.
Get a good understanding of current market rates for the position before negotiating. If they will not commit to a raise after completion of the probationary period, they are not negotiating in good faith.
If they are not negotiating in good faith, then you can either refuse the responsibility increase, or accept it and start looking for an employer that understands how to keep good employees. |
128,384 | I have been offered a promotion or rather an extension to my role. This is something the company knows I am keen to do as I have been trying to progress to this for nearly two years.
Here’s the problem. I have worked at the company for over two years. I am a trusted hard working individual who overachieves on appraisals. For the new role that is being dangled like a carrot, the company expect me to do a 3 month trial period in which I will be taking on essentially a complete role as well as doing my current role, but they will not discuss the potential financial improvements until after the 3 month trial. I have been told by senior management that there is no money available in the pot.
Why should I work two jobs for three months to then have no potential of a pay rise. Am I shooting myself in the foot for turning this job down? I’m 23 and I feel like the company is taking advantage of me.
What are your thoughts? Who would take a job without knowing the wage? | 2019/02/06 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/128384",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/99306/"
] | In my experience, it is not unprecedented that promotions come *after* you assume new responsibilities, quite often either by finding out the need for them or inheriting them from someone else. So it might be reasonable to have such a trial period where you have for a limited, ideally defined time additional responsibilities, and if you do succeed, you got your merit promotion. However it needs to be understood with such arrangements, that if they do not award you the promotion after that reasonabe period, you will give up these additional responsibilities. I would suggest to explain this position to your manager in writing so that you have a trail in case they do not give any sign of increasing your salary in a few months and your enthusiasm for performing an additional role expires.
On the other hand, what I am talking about is "additional responsibilities" and "promotion", meaning that you somehow expand on your existing duties with broadly related activities (e.g. become a senior team member, or even team lead). If they offer a completely different role to you (i.e. what HR people call often a "lateral move"), that sounds somewhat suspicious. It is not unheard of either, however I have not encountered such cases outside mid- to top-level management, which I suspect is not your area. | The crux of the issue is that you have the best negotiating position with the most options before you start the probationary period.
Once you have begun to do the work without a mutually shared understanding of how things will look if you succeed, it will be much harder to move the new status quo.
Get a good understanding of current market rates for the position before negotiating. If they will not commit to a raise after completion of the probationary period, they are not negotiating in good faith.
If they are not negotiating in good faith, then you can either refuse the responsibility increase, or accept it and start looking for an employer that understands how to keep good employees. |
13,007,286 | I have some 3D Points that roughly, but clearly form a segment of a circle. I now have to determine the circle that fits best all the points. I think there has to be some sort of least squares best fit but I cant figure out how to start.
The points are sorted the way they would be situated on the circle. I also have an estimated curvature at each point.
I need the radius and the plane of the circle.
I have to work in c/c++ or use an extern script. | 2012/10/22 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/13007286",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1048148/"
] | You could use a [Principal Component Analysis](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_component_analysis) (PCA) to map your coordinates from three dimensions down to two dimensions.
Compute the PCA and project your data onto the first to principal components. You can then use any 2D algorithm to find the centre of the circle and its radius. Once these have been found/fitted, you can project the centre back into 3D coordinates.
Since your data is noisy, there will still be some data in the third dimension you squeezed out, but bear in mind that the PCA chooses this dimension such as to minimize the amount of data lost, i.e. by maximizing the amount of data that is represented in the first two components, so you should be safe. | A good algorithm for such data fitting is [RANSAC](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RANSAC) (Random sample consensus). You can find a good description in the link so this is just a short outline of the important parts:
In your special case the *model* would be the 3D circle. To build this up pick three random non-colinear points from your set, compute the hyperplane they are embedded in (cross product), project the random points to the plane and then apply the usual 2D circle fitting. With this you get the circle center, radius and the hyperplane equation. Now it's easy to check the support by each of the remaining points. The support may be expressed as the distance from the circle that consists of two parts: The orthogonal distance from the plane and the distance from the circle boundary inside the plane.
**Edit:**
The reason because *i* would prefer RANSAC over ordinary Least-Squares(LS) is its superior stability in the case of heavy outliers. The following image is showing an example comparision of LS vs. RANSAC. While the ideal model line is created by RANSAC the dashed line is created by LS. |
13,007,286 | I have some 3D Points that roughly, but clearly form a segment of a circle. I now have to determine the circle that fits best all the points. I think there has to be some sort of least squares best fit but I cant figure out how to start.
The points are sorted the way they would be situated on the circle. I also have an estimated curvature at each point.
I need the radius and the plane of the circle.
I have to work in c/c++ or use an extern script. | 2012/10/22 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/13007286",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1048148/"
] | You could use a [Principal Component Analysis](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_component_analysis) (PCA) to map your coordinates from three dimensions down to two dimensions.
Compute the PCA and project your data onto the first to principal components. You can then use any 2D algorithm to find the centre of the circle and its radius. Once these have been found/fitted, you can project the centre back into 3D coordinates.
Since your data is noisy, there will still be some data in the third dimension you squeezed out, but bear in mind that the PCA chooses this dimension such as to minimize the amount of data lost, i.e. by maximizing the amount of data that is represented in the first two components, so you should be safe. | The arguably easiest algorithm is called Least-Square Curve Fitting.
You may want to check the [math](http://mathworld.wolfram.com/LeastSquaresFitting.html),
or look at similar questions, such as [polynomial least squares for image curve fitting](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11490912/polynomial-least-squares-for-image-curve-fitting)
However I'd rather use a library for doing it. |
13,007,286 | I have some 3D Points that roughly, but clearly form a segment of a circle. I now have to determine the circle that fits best all the points. I think there has to be some sort of least squares best fit but I cant figure out how to start.
The points are sorted the way they would be situated on the circle. I also have an estimated curvature at each point.
I need the radius and the plane of the circle.
I have to work in c/c++ or use an extern script. | 2012/10/22 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/13007286",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1048148/"
] | A good algorithm for such data fitting is [RANSAC](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RANSAC) (Random sample consensus). You can find a good description in the link so this is just a short outline of the important parts:
In your special case the *model* would be the 3D circle. To build this up pick three random non-colinear points from your set, compute the hyperplane they are embedded in (cross product), project the random points to the plane and then apply the usual 2D circle fitting. With this you get the circle center, radius and the hyperplane equation. Now it's easy to check the support by each of the remaining points. The support may be expressed as the distance from the circle that consists of two parts: The orthogonal distance from the plane and the distance from the circle boundary inside the plane.
**Edit:**
The reason because *i* would prefer RANSAC over ordinary Least-Squares(LS) is its superior stability in the case of heavy outliers. The following image is showing an example comparision of LS vs. RANSAC. While the ideal model line is created by RANSAC the dashed line is created by LS. | The arguably easiest algorithm is called Least-Square Curve Fitting.
You may want to check the [math](http://mathworld.wolfram.com/LeastSquaresFitting.html),
or look at similar questions, such as [polynomial least squares for image curve fitting](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11490912/polynomial-least-squares-for-image-curve-fitting)
However I'd rather use a library for doing it. |
99,179 | Just watched [*TNG: The Dauphin*](https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/The_Dauphin_(episode)). In it the following exchange occurs when receiving a powerful transmission:
>
> **Data** Sir, sensors indicate the communication originated from a tera-Watt source on the planet
>
> **Riker** That's more power than our entire ship can generate!
>
>
>
This seems silly.
* There is currently [a hydro power station that produces 22.5GW](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Gorges_Dam). 50 times that seems very large to us today, but when you consider the biggest nuclear weapons can release 0.5TWh, the numbers don't seem *that* extreme.
* Shields! Phasers! 150KW defensive laser systems exist. A 1PW laser accelerator [is a thing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BELLA_%28laser%29). Those on the enterprise must —by virtue of needing to go much further and charge much faster— need more power.
* Transporters! Replicators! The holodeck! Surely the converstion of energy into matter and arranging that at distance, must pull a lot of power. And it's happening all over the ship, all the time.
* Impulse engines. Even in a vacuum, shifting 4.5 megatonnes must take serious power. To accelerate 1m/s over a second, you're looking at 45GW and they seem to do things much faster, all the way up to 75,000,000m/s. Full impulse seems to take a few seconds... That makes my calculator cry, with numbers around 8 ×10^24W... That's way over.
* Warp.
* Computer.
All of that, while keeping the lights on running other day-to-day things.
Was Riker just off by a unit, or is there something I'm not factoring into these points? How much energy could the USS Enterprise NCC-1701-D produce at peak output? Are there listed energy requirements for the components above that I've been guesstimating for? | 2015/08/13 | [
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/99179",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/users/32863/"
] | [Memory Alpha](https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/Galaxy_class) explains that
>
> The warp core was one of the most powerful in Starfleet, generating
> approximately **12.75 billion gigawatts** of power. (TNG: "True Q")
>
>
>
The exact quote is:
>
> AMANDA: It's hard to imagine how much energy is being harnessed in there.
>
>
> DATA: Imagination is not necessary. The scale is readily quantifiable. **We are presently generating twelve point seven five billion gigawatts** per
> (an alarm goes off)
>
>
>
([Source](http://www.chakoteya.net/NextGen/232.htm))
So, that's 12.75 *million* terrawats that the *Enterprise-D* warp core was capable of producing!
It also seems that's not the maximum amount. As per *Relics*:
>
> SCOTT: Geordi, the shields will hold. Don't worry about that. **I can
> get a few extra gigawatts out of these babies.**
>
>
>
([Source](http://www.chakoteya.net/NextGen/230.htm))
Now, I know that's for the shields, but it does seem to indicate that the power output could be slightly more, but probably not a huge amount.
Regarding what Riker was on about:
>
> In 2365, the command headquarters of Daled IV utilized a communication
> system that originated from a terawatt source, which was necessary to
> penetrate the planet's atmosphere. According to Commander William T.
> Riker, "that's more power than our entire ship could generate,"
> meaning that **they lacked the ability to respond to the communique**.
> (TNG: "The Dauphin")
>
>
>
([Source](https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/Gigawatt))
That is, the **communication system** of the *entire ship* couldn't produce a terrawatt.
According to the excerpt from the script below, this seems to be confirmed:
>
> DATA: Sir, sensors indicate the communication originated from a terawatt source on the planet.
>
>
> RIKER: That's more power than our entire ship can generate.
>
>
> DATA: It is what is needed to penetrate the atmosphere.
>
>
> RIKER: Which means we lack the ability to respond, sir.
>
>
>
([Source](http://www.chakoteya.net/NextGen/136.htm))
Just judging by this quote which puts Riker's explanation into context, it does seem by 'entire ship' he meant 'the entire ship's communication system'. It would be pretty poor if a First Officer didn't know the energy output of the ship!
[This site](http://www.ditl.org/ship-page.php?ClassID=fedgalaxy&ListID=Ships&ListOption=fed), citing the *[Star Trek: The Next Generation Technical Manual](http://www.ditl.org/book-page.php?BookID=4&ListID=Ships&ListOption=fed)* says the *Galaxy Class* had a
>
> total output 50,000 TeraWatts
>
>
>
for the phasers. Now, that's a *separate* system with an upper limit nowhere near the *total* energy produced by the warp core.
As for the out of universe reason, as suggested by Stan's comment below, bear in mind that *The Dauphin* was well before *True Q* and the TNG Technical Manual had yet to be released, so, **from an out-of-universe perspective, Riker probably *was* referring to the entire ship's output as being about a terawatt**. From an in-universe perspective this is later contradicted in *True Q* with the more realistic figure of 12.75 billion gigawatts, so we resolve this contradiction by assuming that, in-universe, Riker was referring to the communication system alone. | This is not specifically an answer to the question but was going to be a comment to N\_soong's wonderful answer but it ended up being too long and halfway to an answer itself.
Communications equipment is not something you can just throw more power at. If an antenna is not tuned to the power and frequency of the broadcast you will have some major issues due to what is known as reflected power.
When the antenna is not tuned to the transmitter then not all the power goes out the antenna. Any power that does not go out must come back at the transmitter. In the electronics world this is known as SWR and is a ratio of forward power (What makes it out of the antenna) and reflected power.
At lower levels you can get away with having a antenna that is not exactly tuned to the rest of the system but when you get higher up there in power you have to get a lot more narrow on what a specific antenna does. This is because of the fact that the transmitter can only take so much power coming back before it gets fried.
10% of 1 megawatt is 100 kilowatts. Star trek equipment could probably handle that although that is more than most FM radio stations put out in total. However 10% of 1 terawatt is 100 gigawatts. That is an astounding amount of energy to be feeding back into the system. |
99,179 | Just watched [*TNG: The Dauphin*](https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/The_Dauphin_(episode)). In it the following exchange occurs when receiving a powerful transmission:
>
> **Data** Sir, sensors indicate the communication originated from a tera-Watt source on the planet
>
> **Riker** That's more power than our entire ship can generate!
>
>
>
This seems silly.
* There is currently [a hydro power station that produces 22.5GW](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Gorges_Dam). 50 times that seems very large to us today, but when you consider the biggest nuclear weapons can release 0.5TWh, the numbers don't seem *that* extreme.
* Shields! Phasers! 150KW defensive laser systems exist. A 1PW laser accelerator [is a thing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BELLA_%28laser%29). Those on the enterprise must —by virtue of needing to go much further and charge much faster— need more power.
* Transporters! Replicators! The holodeck! Surely the converstion of energy into matter and arranging that at distance, must pull a lot of power. And it's happening all over the ship, all the time.
* Impulse engines. Even in a vacuum, shifting 4.5 megatonnes must take serious power. To accelerate 1m/s over a second, you're looking at 45GW and they seem to do things much faster, all the way up to 75,000,000m/s. Full impulse seems to take a few seconds... That makes my calculator cry, with numbers around 8 ×10^24W... That's way over.
* Warp.
* Computer.
All of that, while keeping the lights on running other day-to-day things.
Was Riker just off by a unit, or is there something I'm not factoring into these points? How much energy could the USS Enterprise NCC-1701-D produce at peak output? Are there listed energy requirements for the components above that I've been guesstimating for? | 2015/08/13 | [
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/99179",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/users/32863/"
] | [Memory Alpha](https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/Galaxy_class) explains that
>
> The warp core was one of the most powerful in Starfleet, generating
> approximately **12.75 billion gigawatts** of power. (TNG: "True Q")
>
>
>
The exact quote is:
>
> AMANDA: It's hard to imagine how much energy is being harnessed in there.
>
>
> DATA: Imagination is not necessary. The scale is readily quantifiable. **We are presently generating twelve point seven five billion gigawatts** per
> (an alarm goes off)
>
>
>
([Source](http://www.chakoteya.net/NextGen/232.htm))
So, that's 12.75 *million* terrawats that the *Enterprise-D* warp core was capable of producing!
It also seems that's not the maximum amount. As per *Relics*:
>
> SCOTT: Geordi, the shields will hold. Don't worry about that. **I can
> get a few extra gigawatts out of these babies.**
>
>
>
([Source](http://www.chakoteya.net/NextGen/230.htm))
Now, I know that's for the shields, but it does seem to indicate that the power output could be slightly more, but probably not a huge amount.
Regarding what Riker was on about:
>
> In 2365, the command headquarters of Daled IV utilized a communication
> system that originated from a terawatt source, which was necessary to
> penetrate the planet's atmosphere. According to Commander William T.
> Riker, "that's more power than our entire ship could generate,"
> meaning that **they lacked the ability to respond to the communique**.
> (TNG: "The Dauphin")
>
>
>
([Source](https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/Gigawatt))
That is, the **communication system** of the *entire ship* couldn't produce a terrawatt.
According to the excerpt from the script below, this seems to be confirmed:
>
> DATA: Sir, sensors indicate the communication originated from a terawatt source on the planet.
>
>
> RIKER: That's more power than our entire ship can generate.
>
>
> DATA: It is what is needed to penetrate the atmosphere.
>
>
> RIKER: Which means we lack the ability to respond, sir.
>
>
>
([Source](http://www.chakoteya.net/NextGen/136.htm))
Just judging by this quote which puts Riker's explanation into context, it does seem by 'entire ship' he meant 'the entire ship's communication system'. It would be pretty poor if a First Officer didn't know the energy output of the ship!
[This site](http://www.ditl.org/ship-page.php?ClassID=fedgalaxy&ListID=Ships&ListOption=fed), citing the *[Star Trek: The Next Generation Technical Manual](http://www.ditl.org/book-page.php?BookID=4&ListID=Ships&ListOption=fed)* says the *Galaxy Class* had a
>
> total output 50,000 TeraWatts
>
>
>
for the phasers. Now, that's a *separate* system with an upper limit nowhere near the *total* energy produced by the warp core.
As for the out of universe reason, as suggested by Stan's comment below, bear in mind that *The Dauphin* was well before *True Q* and the TNG Technical Manual had yet to be released, so, **from an out-of-universe perspective, Riker probably *was* referring to the entire ship's output as being about a terawatt**. From an in-universe perspective this is later contradicted in *True Q* with the more realistic figure of 12.75 billion gigawatts, so we resolve this contradiction by assuming that, in-universe, Riker was referring to the communication system alone. | Here's another approach to this question:
From [How long can a Galaxy class starship last before it needs servicing?](https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/53181/how-long-can-a-galaxy-class-starship-last-before-it-needs-servicing?rq=1), the Enterprise-D can carry 3,000 m^3 of anti-deuterium, which is enough to keep the ship running for three years of normal operation (source: Rick Sternbach and Michael Okuda's *Star Trek TNG Technical Manual*).
Based on data from the [Brookhaven National Laboratory](https://www.bnl.gov/magnets/staff/gupta/cryogenic-data-handbook/Section4.pdf), I'll estimate the maximum density of deuterium (in liquid or solid form) at *~ 0.2 g/cm^3 = 200 kg/m^3* (since it would be a liquid or solid, even vastly increasing the pressure wouldn't change the density much). Since anti-deuterium should have the same density:
*200 kg/m^3 x 3,000 m^3 = 600,000 kg anti-deuterium*
Now let's assume the Enterprise-D's engines could convert that anti-deuterium to energy with 90% efficiency (the manual specifies a minimum efficiency of 88% up to warp 7.0), by combining it with an equal amount of normal matter. Using *E = m c2*, that would give us a total of:
*1,200,000 kg x (3.0 x 10^8 m/sec)^2 x .9 = 1.0 x 10^23 kg m^2/s^2 = 1.0 x 10^23 J of energy*
[J = joules]
And that total energy output, sustained over a 3-year period, would give us an average power output (for propulsion, which should be the main power consumer; total will be more, since they'll also be running the stereo and A/C) of:
*1.0 x 10^23 J/(94,608,000 s) = 1.0 x 10^15 J/s = 1.0 x 10^15 watts = 1000 terawatts*
[There are 94,608,000 seconds in 3 years.]
[By comparison, total current worldwide energy generation (all sources -- coal, gas, oil, nuclear, hydroelectric, wind, solar, geothermal, etc.) is about 15 terawatts = 2 kilowatts/person.]
We can compare this figure to one that can be estimated from the power usage chart for the engines (Fig. 5.1.1. p 55), and accompanying explanatory text, in the same *Star Trek TNG Technical Manual*. On p 57, Sternbach and Okuda say the Enterprise is able to cruise for an unlimited amount of time (until its fuel is depleted) at warp 6. So let's assume that's our average cruising speed. Now according to Fig. 5.1.1, the power usage (for propulsion) at warp 6 is 3 x 10^6 MJ/cochrane. Of course, those are the wrong units; since it's power, it should be MW/cochrane (MW = megawatts). So let's make that correction.
They further say that a warp 6 field bubble has a field strength of 392 cochranes. Thus the power required for propulsion at warp 6 is:
*3 x 10^6 MW/cochrane x 10^6 W/MW x 392 cochranes = 1.2 x 10^15 watts = 1200 terawatts*
This is nearly the same as the first value we calculated! [This is probably serendipitous :).] Of course, as mentioned above, there are other power consumers besides propulsion, but I'm assuming that's the big one, at least for sustained operation.
We can also use the graph and figures in the technical manual to estimate a maximum power output. At its [maximum theoretical speed of warp 9.8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Enterprise_(NCC-1701-D)), we have:
*8 x 10^9 MW/cochrane x 10^6 W/MW x 2 x 10^3 cochranes = 1.6 x 10^19 watts = 16 million terawatts = 16 exawatts*
This is very close to the 12.75 million terawatt (= 13 exawatts) figure quoted by Data (though I don't know how fast the ship was travelling at the time). At the same time, the 13 and 16 exawatt figures seem a little silly to me, even for 24th–century technology, since they're over 100 times the power the earth receives from the sun (174 petawatts)!
Furthermore, at a 90% conversion efficiency, the engines would need to dissipate 1 exawatt of heat, i.e., 10 times the power the earth receives from the sun! [Additionally, according to the tech manual, conversion efficiency tends to decrease at high warp speeds.] Though I suppose they could deal with this by saying the heat is dissipated into subspace...
Interestingly, the Wikipedia article referenced above says the Enterprise-D can maintain emergency warp, 9.6, for 12 hours. Using the same sort of estimates given above, that would require 11 exawatts of power. However, at that power output, the ship would use up its total fuel capacity in 3 hours. So clearly there's not perfect consistency among these different specifications.
Finally:
>
> A 1PW laser accelerator is a thing. Those on the enterprise must —by virtue of needing to go much further and charge much faster— need more power.
>
>
>
It's important not to conflate peak power output capabilities (of things like lasers) with sustained power output. Today we are capable of building a pair of lasers with a combined peak power output of [20 petawatts = 20,000 terawatts](https://www.laserfocusworld.com/articles/2017/11/the-extreme-light-infrastructure-takes-off.html). But this device will put out that power for only 150 femtoseconds = 1.5 x 10 ^-13 s, thus delivering a total energy of 3000 joules. It can do one shot/minute so, as impressive as its peak power output is, its sustained power output is only:
*3000 J/min x 1 min/(60 s) = 50 J/s = 50 W*
And remember that when we are talking about the power output of the Enterprise-D's warp engines, we're referring to sustained power output.
[Notably, the peak power output of these lasers is >1000x the current 15 terawatt sustained power output of human civilization!] |
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