qid int64 1 74.7M | question stringlengths 12 33.8k | date stringlengths 10 10 | metadata list | response_j stringlengths 0 115k | response_k stringlengths 2 98.3k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
74,824 | I'm looking for a highly accurate phase detector for my capacitive sensing application.
In the application, the capacitance is in the range of 1 ~ 10 pF.
I've been able to get the capacitance via analog device's AD7745.
However, I was requested to have the dissipation factor measured as well.
I've been trying to seek a chip to do the job, unfortunately not yet.
I've came up with the idea of using a phase detector, with the information of which, I'll be able to calculate an approximate value of dissipation factor myself later on.
So my question is, is there such a phase detector that can detect the phase difference between the voltage and current across the capacitive sensor with a very high accuracy?
with accuracy I mean: the capacitor is a nearly ideal capacitor with dissipation factor of less than 0.001, so the most interesting part of phase difference is between 89 ~ 90 degrees...
The interested frequency range is DC ~ 1Mhz.
thanks ! | 2013/07/03 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/74824",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/25907/"
] | You can use the Analog Devices AD8302 phase detector, you just need to tune it up to read between 89-90 degrees thus a sensitive and calibrated micro-voltmeter to give you some good measurement resolution.
Also it gives you not only the phase angle but also voltage difference in dB, thus it can give out vector values which can be transformed into rectangular values. Lotsa flexibility. | I wanted to do something similar, I bought the pieces parts, but I haven't tried it.
So the idea is to get a sinewave and it's quadrature from a DDS. (my cheap (~$400) Rigol DG1022 seems to do OK up to ~10MHz... you have to push a button to sync the two phases)
I would use one phase to stimulate my DUT.
And put a TIA opamp circuit below that to measure the current.
(Did I mention the differential voltage measurement across the DUT?)
I was then going to use the two quadrature signals as references and do phase sensitive detection of the two signals (voltage and current)
(A fast comparator-> analog switches-> switched gain opamp->low pass filter)
In principle you then can measure both phases of the current.
I expect the phase shift will get 'interesting' at the higher frequencies. |
61,862 | Nothing in my nearly two years of using SO has given me the impression that SO seeks to monopolise the Q&A forum world to the extent that questions asked here may not be asked elsewhere.
I have posted a few questions here for which I have received no replies in the time that it normally takes to get a reply. They all deal with ASP.NET Dynamic Data, which in my experience is not a very well known or popular subject on SO. So, I went and asked them on Microsoft's ASP.NET forums, in the Dynamic Data section.
It has taken user XIII less time than it took me to duplicate them, to mark them all as duplicates on both SO and the ASP.NET forum. I find this behaviour akin to policing both forums for the wrong reasons, and would like to know whether I am allowed to repeat questions in forums unrelated to Stack Exchange or not, and if not, why not? | 2010/08/22 | [
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/61862",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://meta.stackexchange.com/users/136129/"
] | You are allowed to duplicate them. Within the sites there is obvious control over duplication within the same site, but there is no rule or anything stopping you from posting the question elsewhere as well. However, it would be recommended not to link between the two, but rather keep them separated altogether. You can in a comment maybe provide a link to the same question on another site, but keep in mind the idea is that people searching in future will find the question here.
Within the SO sites, duplication is discourage because of the canonical question ideal. One question, one complete and up to date answer. Two important things to keep in mind, asking a question on SO does not guarantee an answer, and secondly, bounties and updating questions can help them get noticed and answered faster.
To answer your question, if a user is giving you a hard time about this on the ASP.Net forums, it's not related to the SE sites. It is the user itself that feels it should not be allowed.
All questions and answer are posted require CC-Wiki attribution, however, this is only relevant when reposting and reprinting the complete questions and answers, if you do have a link to this question on other sites, pointing back here, then it is 100% acceptable to do this. However if the other sites discourages this practice, your also welcome to remove the links, since it's not complete reproductions of the original SO/SE content. | Did your post to the ASP.NET forum state you'd posted it on stackoverflow already and link to the SO question? Can you expand on "in the time that it normally takes"?
Personally I find it pretty annoying when people duplicate post questions *without indicating they've done so*. (Equally both questions should standalone; a question saying "Can you answer this SO question?" would likely not be well received, whereas a full post saying "I've also posted this on SO but it's been a week and no one there seems to know" should not be problematical.)
If we're talking a week or more then maybe it's okay, if you mean hours I can see why people would get annoyed - it's annoying to read the same question in multiple locations, doubly so to spend time composing a reply in one place only to later find it was already answered perfectly well by someone else already. |
1,177,815 | I brought a laptop worth 2,400$, but I can't even install Ubuntu on it. I have HP Omen 15, RTX 2070 Max Q, 32GB RAM, 12 cores.
I am trying to install the latest version of Ubuntu 19.04 on my laptop. I recently brought this laptop, and I am getting 2-3 types of errors when installing Ubuntu.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/qQZVQ.jpg)
I am installing it with Windows 10. I am installing via USB (San Disk). I am getting ACPI Error: No handler or method for GPE...., after clicking on Install Ubuntu in the boot menu.
Last time I got an error like acpi bios error (bug) could not resolve [\_SB.PC10.12C2.TPDOJ], A... but the error changed automatically.
Someone suggested me this:
[Solution](https://i.stack.imgur.com/q8rxn.png)
But in this, I need to turn the ACPI off. I don't want to do that. Since it's very important for a laptop, right?
Also even after this solution, I was not getting "Dual boot" option on startup. Windows was loading by default. I had to plugin the san disk pen drive, go to boot menu again, and then start the Ubuntu. Please help! | 2019/10/01 | [
"https://askubuntu.com/questions/1177815",
"https://askubuntu.com",
"https://askubuntu.com/users/988642/"
] | >
> But in this, I need to turn the ACPI off. I don't want to do that.
>
>
>
Why not?
>
> Since it's very important for a laptop, right?
>
>
>
Not really. "important" is a matter of opinion as it depends on what features you want to use on your notebook. You can use a notebook without ACPI.
Mind that the problem is a HARDWARE bug and the boot process nor the installer will be able to fix that. So during installation you turn it off. And after installation you investigate the issue and see if there is a a post-install fix for your issue.
---
ACPI means amongst others: autom. turn off devices like a monitor, plug+play, setting clock speed from within the OS, stand by modes, power consumption things like that. Again: useful tools sure, but no one could live without. Without ACPI fans runs always so no on the temperature.
It will drain the battery quicker w/o ACPI sure so will affect its lifespan. The alternative is to not install Linux. Again: this is an issue during the initial installation. After that it is a matter of finding the correct tweaks for your specific situation. | **Incase you can't find anything helpful:**
* Install Linux on **Virtual Machine.**
* **OR**
* Enable **Windows Subsystem For Linux(WSL).** Then Download the Distribution you like from **Microsoft Store.** |
310,924 | how do I connect to each other with lan without data or internet on minecraft pocket edition can I use Bluetooth or is there any bugs? | 2017/06/11 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/310924",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/187029/"
] | Wireless
--------
Yes, a wireless router will be enough for playing MC PE (even if the router doesn't have Internet connection). Just go to settings in MC PE while playing in a world, select multiplayer and enable both sliders (Multiplayer game and visible to LAN players.)
A way connect without using a router: (Doesn't work on iPad)
Turn on personal hotspot and turn on Wi-Fi on the device which has the world you want to connect (It's called "host"), now you should choose that device from Wi-Fi network list in device settings from the other device.
Bluetooth
---------
Currently MC PE doesn't support Bluetooth multiplayer officially, but there are tricks to do that.
Option 1: (The host must be an iOS (Apple) device.)
Download [Multiplayer for Minecraft PE](https://appsto.re/i6dX7fD) (Paid), set up your server and turn on Bluetooth.
Option 2: (The host mustn't be an iPad.)
Turn on personal hotspot and turn on Bluetooth, your friend should choose your device from bluetooth device list in device settings.
Here's how to enable personal hotspot on [Apple devices](https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204023) and [Android devices](http://www.dummies.com/consumer-electronics/smartphones/droid/how-to-create-a-mobile-hotspot-with-an-android-phone/).
Last step to do
---------------
If you did one of these, your friend should see your world on world list like this:
Image source: <https://blogs.windows.com/devices/2015/09/18/how-to-play-multiplayer-minecraft-pocket-edition/> | I'm sorry but on version 1.9 (beta, even when paid) you can't play offline multiplayer anymore... I tried it with my friend updating her ap to this version and I can't get the local server from her phone and when I go to worlds tab > edit world > multiplayer it was enabled but when I play the same time I go to the settings I can't toggle back on... Now I have to connect to internet and sign in my xbox live account... |
310,924 | how do I connect to each other with lan without data or internet on minecraft pocket edition can I use Bluetooth or is there any bugs? | 2017/06/11 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/310924",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/187029/"
] | Wireless
--------
Yes, a wireless router will be enough for playing MC PE (even if the router doesn't have Internet connection). Just go to settings in MC PE while playing in a world, select multiplayer and enable both sliders (Multiplayer game and visible to LAN players.)
A way connect without using a router: (Doesn't work on iPad)
Turn on personal hotspot and turn on Wi-Fi on the device which has the world you want to connect (It's called "host"), now you should choose that device from Wi-Fi network list in device settings from the other device.
Bluetooth
---------
Currently MC PE doesn't support Bluetooth multiplayer officially, but there are tricks to do that.
Option 1: (The host must be an iOS (Apple) device.)
Download [Multiplayer for Minecraft PE](https://appsto.re/i6dX7fD) (Paid), set up your server and turn on Bluetooth.
Option 2: (The host mustn't be an iPad.)
Turn on personal hotspot and turn on Bluetooth, your friend should choose your device from bluetooth device list in device settings.
Here's how to enable personal hotspot on [Apple devices](https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204023) and [Android devices](http://www.dummies.com/consumer-electronics/smartphones/droid/how-to-create-a-mobile-hotspot-with-an-android-phone/).
Last step to do
---------------
If you did one of these, your friend should see your world on world list like this:
Image source: <https://blogs.windows.com/devices/2015/09/18/how-to-play-multiplayer-minecraft-pocket-edition/> | A lan can be many things, multiple devices on a router for example.
But lan is more defined as computing devices that communicate.
You can achieve this by connecting two computers with a lan cable, no router required.
You can make a lan using Bluetooth, or just a phone hotspot.
You can even make a lan using one pc. You can run a program that runs two separate versions of 64bit Windows that can communicate to eachothers and render it in split screen.
(Similar but not quite what console split screen does)
All from the same pc...
This guy, In the comments, you can tell he doesn't know what he's doing.
The devices need some means of communication, they are not magic.
The comment was not well worded but I did my best to decipher your text.
If it's a Xbox you are going to want to connect to her phone's hotspot.
She will by default have the same ip, because your just a extention of her phone's data.
I am not sure how it works on Xbox, but Xbox might require you to login. |
310,924 | how do I connect to each other with lan without data or internet on minecraft pocket edition can I use Bluetooth or is there any bugs? | 2017/06/11 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/310924",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/187029/"
] | A lan can be many things, multiple devices on a router for example.
But lan is more defined as computing devices that communicate.
You can achieve this by connecting two computers with a lan cable, no router required.
You can make a lan using Bluetooth, or just a phone hotspot.
You can even make a lan using one pc. You can run a program that runs two separate versions of 64bit Windows that can communicate to eachothers and render it in split screen.
(Similar but not quite what console split screen does)
All from the same pc...
This guy, In the comments, you can tell he doesn't know what he's doing.
The devices need some means of communication, they are not magic.
The comment was not well worded but I did my best to decipher your text.
If it's a Xbox you are going to want to connect to her phone's hotspot.
She will by default have the same ip, because your just a extention of her phone's data.
I am not sure how it works on Xbox, but Xbox might require you to login. | I'm sorry but on version 1.9 (beta, even when paid) you can't play offline multiplayer anymore... I tried it with my friend updating her ap to this version and I can't get the local server from her phone and when I go to worlds tab > edit world > multiplayer it was enabled but when I play the same time I go to the settings I can't toggle back on... Now I have to connect to internet and sign in my xbox live account... |
1,770,077 | I'm localizing my Flash application.
Flash keeps localization data in XLIFF format, this is an XML dialect.
Several users from different countries want to help me with translation.
But it's hard for regular people to edit XML files.
I'm looking for a free editor, since I don't want to buy the editor for each user.
Which free XLIFF editor would you recommend? | 2009/11/20 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1770077",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/139412/"
] | So far I've found [Transolution](http://sourceforge.net/projects/eviltrans/) and there are a few more listed on the [XLIFF Tools](http://web.archive.org/web/20120430210001/http://xliff-tools.freedesktop.org/wiki/Resources) page.
Transolution seems to be supported on Windows and it uses Python. I don't know what OS solution you're looking for, but it there is hope on the XLIFF Tools Software list.
Interesting question, I'd like to see what is the best free XLIFF editor. | Transolution works great on a PC, but it crashes sometimes and our translators have to save often.
On the Mac, if you don't have Snow Leopard, LocFactory Editor is a nice option, but not upgrading to Snow Leopard wasn't an option, so we've stopped using it.
We're currently using [Open Language Tools](https://open-language-tools.java.net/), which works great on Linux and a Mac and recommend it to all our translators. It also has some nice XLIFF validation. |
225,699 | Does Mr. Bertrand Russell's quote
>
> The true spirit of delight, the exaltation, the sense of being more than Man, which is the touchstone of the highest excellence, is to be found in mathematics **as surely as in poetry**.
>
>
>
mean these feelings of delight and exaltation can be found in mathematics as they are known to be found in poetry, or that these feelings are found in poetry in addition to theirs being found in mathematics? | 2019/09/23 | [
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/225699",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com",
"https://ell.stackexchange.com/users/94742/"
] | **As surely as in poetry** takes poetry as the known reference point, to which mathematics is compared. Mr. Russell assumes that you already know with certainty that these feelings are found in poetry, and he is telling you that the same feelings are also found in mathematics.
Here's a moderately famous example of the same kind of comparison:
>
> I knew **as well as I knew anything** that the oppressor must be liberated **as surely as the oppressed**. A man who takes away another man's freedom is a prisoner of hatred; he is locked behind the bars of prejudice and narrow-mindedness. I am not truly free if I am taking away someone else's freedom, just **as surely as I am not free when my freedom is taken from me**. —Nelson Mandela
>
>
>
In other words, it is already clear that an oppressed person must be liberated and that a person deprived of freedom is not free; Mandela is saying that, in addition, the oppressor must be liberated and one who takes away another's freedom is himself not free.
**As surely as the Sun rises** is a cliché for saying that something is completely sure to happen. Here is a U.S. Senator using a long form of it in [a Congressional debate in 1964](https://books.google.com/books?id=8g7ceuaqW1IC&pg=PA6667&dq="as+surely+as+the+sun+rises"):
>
> Before the debate is over, [Senator Thurmond] will be relieved of the misunderstanding that he has in mind, because we are going to pass Title I, **as surely as the Sun rises in the East and sets in the West**.
>
>
>
In other words, the Senate is sure to pass Title I (some legislation currently under debate), regardless of Senator Thurmond's objections. It's practically a taunt. | >
> in mathematics ... as in poetry
>
>
>
We find something in poetry. We find the same thing in mathemetics, we find it as (in the same way) we did in poetry.
As Russell was a leading mathemtical philosopher this is consistent with his delight in things mathematical. |
153,163 | I've been regularly backing up my 2011 MacBook Pro using Time Machine with two separate external drives (1Tb at work, 2Tb at home) while running Mavericks.
Today I upgraded to Yosemite, and Time Machine seems to think I have a brand new computer - the backup on the 1Tb disk failed with "not enough space", and the backup at home is currently attempting to back up the entire 350Gb on my computer.
(Previously with the 1Tb drive, Time Machine would automatically delete old archives when the drive was full.)
Is this a common problem (ie a bug)? Is there a way to tell Time Machine to continue where the last backup finished, rather than starting a brand new "branch"? | 2014/10/27 | [
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/153163",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com",
"https://apple.stackexchange.com/users/84752/"
] | You may want to check this thread: <https://discussions.apple.com/message/27031297>
It seems that if you backup external drives with Time Machine and you disconnect them at a later point, for instance for a few hours or days, and reconnect them, Time Machine will want to make a full backup of them (even if nothing has changed). That behavior appeared with Yosemite. I have not heard about any solution or workaround (yet). | There's some coding in Terminal you can do to remove flags osx or os sierra applies to those TM backups, then retry TM again. You can try repairing the sparsebundle files in recovery mode (backup current iteration in addition to the SB to an HDD to be safe). |
17,545,524 | I have a marker on a predefined location .What I want is to get the direction to that marker from my current location which I get from the GPS.
I tried many SO links but they didn't help as there were only few links for Google maps v2. It would be wonderful if I get some updated tutorial or code snippets of the same . | 2013/07/09 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/17545524",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1736847/"
] | Check this example i think it suits your requirement [link](http://wptrafficanalyzer.in/blog/driving-route-from-my-location-to-destination-in-google-maps-android-api-v2/) | You can check this guide I wrote as well:
[Guide: Google Maps V2 for Android: Draw Driving Direction on Map](https://blog-emildesign.rhcloud.com/?p=822) |
26,351 | [Racial Paragon Classes](http://www.d20srd.org/srd/variant/races/racialParagonClasses.htm) are detailed in Unearthed Arcana. These extremely short classes offer a way to expand your racial abilities and make your character feel more "elf-like" or more "dwarf-like". I really like the idea behind the classes and I'm toying with the idea of using them in my next game.
My thought would be that the players would start the game as the racial paragon class and, when they leveled up, they would either choose to continue in the paragon class, or select a new class. (Sort of like starting as a common person, then leveling into a standard class.)
Ability-wise, how do racial paragon classes (RPC) stack up to the actual classes? I'd assume that a party of 1st level RPC characters is going to be weaker (due to lack of specialization) than a normal 1st level party, but I'm not sure how much. Is it possible to say something like "A 2nd level Racial Paragon Class character is roughly equivalent to a 'real' 1st level character?" Could they handle the same encounters a 'regular' party could?
(Let's just consider the RPCs for LA +0 races; I'm sure that the Drow and Half-Dragon RPCs would throw things off.) | 2013/06/14 | [
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/questions/26351",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com",
"https://rpg.stackexchange.com/users/3844/"
] | Classes are typically about *class features*, and Racial Paragon classes don’t get those. They have some nice stuff, but not *that much* nice stuff. I’d make Paragon-ness just a matter of story; you do not need the paragon class.
Mostly, a Racial Paragon is getting middle-of-the-road everything, but that means they’re not really good at anything. A warrior wants full BAB (most paragons don’t get that), a spellcaster wants full spellcasting (and no paragon gets that), and neither’s usually interested in a little of the other guy’s stuff to warrant losing out on their own specialty.
True, quality middle-of-the-road classes, like Bard, Factotum, and Rogue, get special class features rather than just “a bit less all around.” This is the same reason why Paladins and Rangers suffer in comparison to these classes.
An exception should be made, though, for the Half-orc Paragon: it grants Rage, as the Barbarian feature, and does not require being non-lawful (even though they do “tend toward a chaotic outlook”). If you play with strict, mechanical alignment (which I personally recommend against), this allows a Lawful character to get Rage, which is otherwise very difficult. Unfortunately, you have to be a half-orc to get it, and those are... not good.
A better “elf paragon” class, by the way, can be found in *Races of the Wild* in the Ruathar. It’s a little harder to get into (mostly requires being level 6), but it gives better stuff (mostly, it gives full spellcasting). | Honestly, the Paragon classes don't seem very good. The attribute bonus at 3rd level is nice, but the other abilities gained seem sub-par. Especially when you consider the 'Spells Per Day' gained by the various classes don't actually grant spellcasting powers (some of them read as if they won't stack with classes gained later, to boot).
From BAB, skills, and saves, the classes are on par with other classes, but they are strictly dominated by other classes in ability gains.
Also, consider this from a thematic direction: How could an elf be the most elfy elf *EVER* if he can't even cast *Prestidigitation*? The Paragon classes are designed for the most outstanding examples of a race, you don't get that right out of your apprenticeship to a dwarven stonecarver.
These classes are designed for people who have been playing a race's favored class, have been hitting the truth behind the race's stereotypes, and seek to strengthen their connection to their people.
You **could** start people out in these classes, but your 1st level party would be feat-light on your combat types, skill-light on your skill monkeys (enjoy trying to pick a lock or disable a trap as a Halfling Paragon), and your casters would be just as squishy with none of the boom. Unless, of course, you have a gnome. Enjoy *dancing lights* and discussing your important quest with moles. |
2,628,199 | Friends,
If I want to know about the new features of Oracle 11gR2 Database I can use the [New Features Guide.](http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e10881/toc.htm)
Is there such a guide that lists functionality, features, parameters etc. that I should no longer be using because they have been superseded or deprecated?
If there isn't such a guide, which I suspect, what do you do to find out what has been deprecated in the next release of the database? | 2010/04/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2628199",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/55640/"
] | 12.2 - [Deprecated Features in Oracle Database 12c Release 2 (12.2)](https://docs.oracle.com/database/122/UPGRD/deprecated-features-oracle-database-12c-r2.htm#UPGRD-GUID-C34B4093-97BE-4237-9BE4-F45450F23BA3)
12.1 - [Deprecated and Desupported Features for Oracle Database 12c](https://docs.oracle.com/database/121/UPGRD/deprecated.htm#UPGRD60000)
11.2 - [Behavior Changes After Upgrading Oracle Database](https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e23633/changes.htm#UPGRD101) | Not sure if this is the correct link or what you are after
<http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e10819/changes.htm#UPGRD14999> |
185,462 | When doing conversations about critical feedback to others the approach that I know is optimal and most books recommend is using a tentative language, state the point in a factual and non justmental way, ask the other person's perspective and if there is some other explanation that they know and we don't.
Usually this works well, but I have encountered a particular case where it does not.
What happens is that an input such as the following:
>
> I have noticed that X happened on these specific occasions with Y
> impact. This makes me think that there is the possibility that you might
> not be paying attention to important details of the work assignment but I
> could be wrong. I am interested in hearing your perspective on this.
> Am I missing something perhaps?
>
>
>
What happens is that the person condences it to "you are not paying attention" and the whole context is discarded. The person actually said to someone else that I literally said "you are not paying attention".
I was wondering if others have encountered this kind of reaction and if I am doing something wrong | 2022/06/07 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/185462",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/27314/"
] | >
> I have noticed that X happened on these specific occasions with Y
> impact. ~~This makes me think that there is the possibility that you
> might not be paying attention to important details of the work
> assignment but I could be wrong.~~ I am interested in hearing your
> perspective on this. Am I missing something perhaps?
>
>
>
Replace the stricken text with questions about the details. Dig into those details and use the questions to get the individual to bring the information to light. You'll either get ownership or excuses, and either way you'll have a way to proceed. With ownership, you follow with "what's next?". With excuses, you identify them as such and question a little deeper.
Also, don't use "but". It's a negating conjuction. It refutes the initial clause. "And" is additive. It builds on the initial clause to achieve a more positive presentation of the issue at hand. | ### You can never expect a person to accept feedback, nor can you control their reaction to it.
Feedback needs to be presented as a gift to the recipient, not something the giver needs the receiver to hear. Quality feedback means "here is something I'd like you to know about yourself, do with it as you will." Back in my old touchy-feely orgainization, the phrase was always "there are 3 things you can do with feedback," with the unsaid assumption that one of those things is to discard it (the other two are accept but not act on it, and third is accept and act). Further, feedback that was not requested is much less likely to be accepted.
Feedback is not part of the accountability loop (Set expecations, observe results, follow-up - begin again). The accountability loop is about behaviors. "These things have happened, and I need you to take action to have them not happen again."
When you provide feedback, the person always gets to choose whether or not to accept it. You also can't control their reaction to the feedback. You have found a person who reacted negatively to your feedback. Let's be clear, you are telling them they aren't paying attention but are trying to be nice about it. There probably isn't a way to tell someone this and not have it not be seen as negative. So that's it. Don't tell someone "it seems like you might not be paying attention to important details" and expect them to *not* hear "you aren't paying attention." If you want them to stop missing things, tell them to stop missing things. |
185,462 | When doing conversations about critical feedback to others the approach that I know is optimal and most books recommend is using a tentative language, state the point in a factual and non justmental way, ask the other person's perspective and if there is some other explanation that they know and we don't.
Usually this works well, but I have encountered a particular case where it does not.
What happens is that an input such as the following:
>
> I have noticed that X happened on these specific occasions with Y
> impact. This makes me think that there is the possibility that you might
> not be paying attention to important details of the work assignment but I
> could be wrong. I am interested in hearing your perspective on this.
> Am I missing something perhaps?
>
>
>
What happens is that the person condences it to "you are not paying attention" and the whole context is discarded. The person actually said to someone else that I literally said "you are not paying attention".
I was wondering if others have encountered this kind of reaction and if I am doing something wrong | 2022/06/07 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/185462",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/27314/"
] | >
> I have noticed that X happened on these specific occasions with Y impact. This makes me think that there is the possibility that you might not be paying attention to important details of the work assignment but I could be wrong. I am interested in hearing your perspective on this. Am I missing something perhaps?
>
>
>
You are telling them you basically already made up your mind. It was their fault. They may now start finding excuses and presenting them to you and you will not believe them anyway.
The whole paragraph is judgemental and not solution oriented. Even if you take out your judgemental part, *it is still about whose fault it is*.
>
> I have noticed that X happened on these specific occasions with Y impact. What can we do to make sure that doesn't happen again?
>
>
>
Now, you are looking for a *solution* with an open mind. Not for someone to blame with a default already set. | ### You can never expect a person to accept feedback, nor can you control their reaction to it.
Feedback needs to be presented as a gift to the recipient, not something the giver needs the receiver to hear. Quality feedback means "here is something I'd like you to know about yourself, do with it as you will." Back in my old touchy-feely orgainization, the phrase was always "there are 3 things you can do with feedback," with the unsaid assumption that one of those things is to discard it (the other two are accept but not act on it, and third is accept and act). Further, feedback that was not requested is much less likely to be accepted.
Feedback is not part of the accountability loop (Set expecations, observe results, follow-up - begin again). The accountability loop is about behaviors. "These things have happened, and I need you to take action to have them not happen again."
When you provide feedback, the person always gets to choose whether or not to accept it. You also can't control their reaction to the feedback. You have found a person who reacted negatively to your feedback. Let's be clear, you are telling them they aren't paying attention but are trying to be nice about it. There probably isn't a way to tell someone this and not have it not be seen as negative. So that's it. Don't tell someone "it seems like you might not be paying attention to important details" and expect them to *not* hear "you aren't paying attention." If you want them to stop missing things, tell them to stop missing things. |
1,760,455 | There are [many tools for converting latex into html](http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=LaTeX2HTML). I'm looking for a Java or C++ program to do this. It will need to run on multiple operating systems. The solution will be used on academic papers, so it should ideally also be able to interpret things like bibtex.
I found [htmltolatex](http://htmltolatex.sourceforge.net/) which is a "Java program for converting HTML pages into LaTeX", but it doesn't seem to operate in the other direction.
Related questions:
* [what-is-the-best-way-to-embed-latex-in-a-webpage](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/116054/what-is-the-best-way-to-embed-latex-in-a-webpage)
* [how-best-to-write-documentation-ideally-in-latex-targeting-both-the-web-html](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/409717/how-best-to-write-documentation-ideally-in-latex-targeting-both-the-web-html)
*Update:*
Just to clarify a little further: I want to distribute a package in another language that will accept any LaTeX document and produce HTML output (mostly of academic papers). I can't expect anything else to be installed (e.g. ghostscript, perl, latex2html, tth) on the machines already, and it needs to run cross platform. In other words, if I can find something that has compilable source code (or code in Java or C++) then I would rather go down that route so that the application is self contained. Alternatively, I will just use latex2html or tth and require the user to install those separately (although that's not ideal). | 2009/11/19 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1760455",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/163053/"
] | I dont know of a native Java or C++ library to do this. But, if you're generating HTML anyway, you could always use JavaScript to convert the latex to html within the document.
jsMath is great at this:
<http://www.math.union.edu/~dpvc/jsMath/> | Why don't you just run Latex, and convert the result (postscript? pdf) to HTML? |
1,760,455 | There are [many tools for converting latex into html](http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=LaTeX2HTML). I'm looking for a Java or C++ program to do this. It will need to run on multiple operating systems. The solution will be used on academic papers, so it should ideally also be able to interpret things like bibtex.
I found [htmltolatex](http://htmltolatex.sourceforge.net/) which is a "Java program for converting HTML pages into LaTeX", but it doesn't seem to operate in the other direction.
Related questions:
* [what-is-the-best-way-to-embed-latex-in-a-webpage](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/116054/what-is-the-best-way-to-embed-latex-in-a-webpage)
* [how-best-to-write-documentation-ideally-in-latex-targeting-both-the-web-html](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/409717/how-best-to-write-documentation-ideally-in-latex-targeting-both-the-web-html)
*Update:*
Just to clarify a little further: I want to distribute a package in another language that will accept any LaTeX document and produce HTML output (mostly of academic papers). I can't expect anything else to be installed (e.g. ghostscript, perl, latex2html, tth) on the machines already, and it needs to run cross platform. In other words, if I can find something that has compilable source code (or code in Java or C++) then I would rather go down that route so that the application is self contained. Alternatively, I will just use latex2html or tth and require the user to install those separately (although that's not ideal). | 2009/11/19 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1760455",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/163053/"
] | [Latex2html](https://packages.debian.org/sid/latex2html) is the way to go. You say that you don't want any dependency, but any library you'll pick will be something you'll depend on. Latex2html:
* works great,
* it's part of TeX
* it's relatively small that you can bundle the executable with your app
* it's open source (GPL), so you might also try to link it within your program and not have an external dependency (you need to release with a GPL-compatible license, though)
* support bibtex out of the box,
* understand hyperlinks (if you convert from a postscript, you'll lose the hyperlinks)
I believe it compiles on all the major platforms (Linux, Windows, Mac) - but honestly I only have Linux so I can't say for sure. | I dont know of a native Java or C++ library to do this. But, if you're generating HTML anyway, you could always use JavaScript to convert the latex to html within the document.
jsMath is great at this:
<http://www.math.union.edu/~dpvc/jsMath/> |
1,760,455 | There are [many tools for converting latex into html](http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=LaTeX2HTML). I'm looking for a Java or C++ program to do this. It will need to run on multiple operating systems. The solution will be used on academic papers, so it should ideally also be able to interpret things like bibtex.
I found [htmltolatex](http://htmltolatex.sourceforge.net/) which is a "Java program for converting HTML pages into LaTeX", but it doesn't seem to operate in the other direction.
Related questions:
* [what-is-the-best-way-to-embed-latex-in-a-webpage](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/116054/what-is-the-best-way-to-embed-latex-in-a-webpage)
* [how-best-to-write-documentation-ideally-in-latex-targeting-both-the-web-html](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/409717/how-best-to-write-documentation-ideally-in-latex-targeting-both-the-web-html)
*Update:*
Just to clarify a little further: I want to distribute a package in another language that will accept any LaTeX document and produce HTML output (mostly of academic papers). I can't expect anything else to be installed (e.g. ghostscript, perl, latex2html, tth) on the machines already, and it needs to run cross platform. In other words, if I can find something that has compilable source code (or code in Java or C++) then I would rather go down that route so that the application is self contained. Alternatively, I will just use latex2html or tth and require the user to install those separately (although that's not ideal). | 2009/11/19 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1760455",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/163053/"
] | As I see it, there are five fairly widely adopted tools for latex to html conversion (there [are many more which are less actively used](http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=LaTeX2HTML)):
* [Latex2Hmtl](http://www.latex2html.org/) is a set of perl scripts.
* [TtH](http://hutchinson.belmont.ma.us/tth/) is compiled and written in C.
* [Hevea](http://para.inria.fr/~maranget/hevea/) is compiled and written in OCaml (with a GNU Library General Public License).
* [TeX4ht](http://www.cse.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/TeX4ht/) is compiled and written in C (with an LPPL license).
* Another interesting looking option is [plasTeX](http://plastex.sourceforge.net/) which is written in Python.
[USENIX has a nice page](http://www.usenix.org/events/samples/conversion.html) showing how to use some of these.
So far, my best option seems to be [TtH](http://hutchinson.belmont.ma.us/tth/) since I can readily compile the C source into my C++ application. | Why don't you just run Latex, and convert the result (postscript? pdf) to HTML? |
1,760,455 | There are [many tools for converting latex into html](http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=LaTeX2HTML). I'm looking for a Java or C++ program to do this. It will need to run on multiple operating systems. The solution will be used on academic papers, so it should ideally also be able to interpret things like bibtex.
I found [htmltolatex](http://htmltolatex.sourceforge.net/) which is a "Java program for converting HTML pages into LaTeX", but it doesn't seem to operate in the other direction.
Related questions:
* [what-is-the-best-way-to-embed-latex-in-a-webpage](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/116054/what-is-the-best-way-to-embed-latex-in-a-webpage)
* [how-best-to-write-documentation-ideally-in-latex-targeting-both-the-web-html](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/409717/how-best-to-write-documentation-ideally-in-latex-targeting-both-the-web-html)
*Update:*
Just to clarify a little further: I want to distribute a package in another language that will accept any LaTeX document and produce HTML output (mostly of academic papers). I can't expect anything else to be installed (e.g. ghostscript, perl, latex2html, tth) on the machines already, and it needs to run cross platform. In other words, if I can find something that has compilable source code (or code in Java or C++) then I would rather go down that route so that the application is self contained. Alternatively, I will just use latex2html or tth and require the user to install those separately (although that's not ideal). | 2009/11/19 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1760455",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/163053/"
] | [Latex2html](https://packages.debian.org/sid/latex2html) is the way to go. You say that you don't want any dependency, but any library you'll pick will be something you'll depend on. Latex2html:
* works great,
* it's part of TeX
* it's relatively small that you can bundle the executable with your app
* it's open source (GPL), so you might also try to link it within your program and not have an external dependency (you need to release with a GPL-compatible license, though)
* support bibtex out of the box,
* understand hyperlinks (if you convert from a postscript, you'll lose the hyperlinks)
I believe it compiles on all the major platforms (Linux, Windows, Mac) - but honestly I only have Linux so I can't say for sure. | Why don't you just run Latex, and convert the result (postscript? pdf) to HTML? |
1,760,455 | There are [many tools for converting latex into html](http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=LaTeX2HTML). I'm looking for a Java or C++ program to do this. It will need to run on multiple operating systems. The solution will be used on academic papers, so it should ideally also be able to interpret things like bibtex.
I found [htmltolatex](http://htmltolatex.sourceforge.net/) which is a "Java program for converting HTML pages into LaTeX", but it doesn't seem to operate in the other direction.
Related questions:
* [what-is-the-best-way-to-embed-latex-in-a-webpage](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/116054/what-is-the-best-way-to-embed-latex-in-a-webpage)
* [how-best-to-write-documentation-ideally-in-latex-targeting-both-the-web-html](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/409717/how-best-to-write-documentation-ideally-in-latex-targeting-both-the-web-html)
*Update:*
Just to clarify a little further: I want to distribute a package in another language that will accept any LaTeX document and produce HTML output (mostly of academic papers). I can't expect anything else to be installed (e.g. ghostscript, perl, latex2html, tth) on the machines already, and it needs to run cross platform. In other words, if I can find something that has compilable source code (or code in Java or C++) then I would rather go down that route so that the application is self contained. Alternatively, I will just use latex2html or tth and require the user to install those separately (although that's not ideal). | 2009/11/19 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1760455",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/163053/"
] | I use [LyX](http://www.lyx.org/) as a frontend to latex, which makes editing a lot more convenient, and sort of produces its own flavor of latex. The upside is that for LyX, there is a separate html export, which uses all the extra-information present in LyX. The tool is called eLyxer.
The [homepage](http://wiki.lyx.org/Tools/ELyXer) states:
>
> There are some tools for TeX -> HTML
> conversion … but the results tend to
> be poor and rigid. eLyXer is meant to
> produce acceptable-to-beautiful HTML
> code, depending on your browser's
> Unicode and CSS rendering merits.
>
>
>
I can't really compare the output of elyxer with the tex2html tools, but I can confirm that elyxer produces clean, beautiful html code that probably does what you want. If you're willing to give LyX a shot :) | Why don't you just run Latex, and convert the result (postscript? pdf) to HTML? |
1,760,455 | There are [many tools for converting latex into html](http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=LaTeX2HTML). I'm looking for a Java or C++ program to do this. It will need to run on multiple operating systems. The solution will be used on academic papers, so it should ideally also be able to interpret things like bibtex.
I found [htmltolatex](http://htmltolatex.sourceforge.net/) which is a "Java program for converting HTML pages into LaTeX", but it doesn't seem to operate in the other direction.
Related questions:
* [what-is-the-best-way-to-embed-latex-in-a-webpage](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/116054/what-is-the-best-way-to-embed-latex-in-a-webpage)
* [how-best-to-write-documentation-ideally-in-latex-targeting-both-the-web-html](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/409717/how-best-to-write-documentation-ideally-in-latex-targeting-both-the-web-html)
*Update:*
Just to clarify a little further: I want to distribute a package in another language that will accept any LaTeX document and produce HTML output (mostly of academic papers). I can't expect anything else to be installed (e.g. ghostscript, perl, latex2html, tth) on the machines already, and it needs to run cross platform. In other words, if I can find something that has compilable source code (or code in Java or C++) then I would rather go down that route so that the application is self contained. Alternatively, I will just use latex2html or tth and require the user to install those separately (although that's not ideal). | 2009/11/19 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1760455",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/163053/"
] | [Latex2html](https://packages.debian.org/sid/latex2html) is the way to go. You say that you don't want any dependency, but any library you'll pick will be something you'll depend on. Latex2html:
* works great,
* it's part of TeX
* it's relatively small that you can bundle the executable with your app
* it's open source (GPL), so you might also try to link it within your program and not have an external dependency (you need to release with a GPL-compatible license, though)
* support bibtex out of the box,
* understand hyperlinks (if you convert from a postscript, you'll lose the hyperlinks)
I believe it compiles on all the major platforms (Linux, Windows, Mac) - but honestly I only have Linux so I can't say for sure. | As I see it, there are five fairly widely adopted tools for latex to html conversion (there [are many more which are less actively used](http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=LaTeX2HTML)):
* [Latex2Hmtl](http://www.latex2html.org/) is a set of perl scripts.
* [TtH](http://hutchinson.belmont.ma.us/tth/) is compiled and written in C.
* [Hevea](http://para.inria.fr/~maranget/hevea/) is compiled and written in OCaml (with a GNU Library General Public License).
* [TeX4ht](http://www.cse.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/TeX4ht/) is compiled and written in C (with an LPPL license).
* Another interesting looking option is [plasTeX](http://plastex.sourceforge.net/) which is written in Python.
[USENIX has a nice page](http://www.usenix.org/events/samples/conversion.html) showing how to use some of these.
So far, my best option seems to be [TtH](http://hutchinson.belmont.ma.us/tth/) since I can readily compile the C source into my C++ application. |
1,760,455 | There are [many tools for converting latex into html](http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html?label=LaTeX2HTML). I'm looking for a Java or C++ program to do this. It will need to run on multiple operating systems. The solution will be used on academic papers, so it should ideally also be able to interpret things like bibtex.
I found [htmltolatex](http://htmltolatex.sourceforge.net/) which is a "Java program for converting HTML pages into LaTeX", but it doesn't seem to operate in the other direction.
Related questions:
* [what-is-the-best-way-to-embed-latex-in-a-webpage](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/116054/what-is-the-best-way-to-embed-latex-in-a-webpage)
* [how-best-to-write-documentation-ideally-in-latex-targeting-both-the-web-html](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/409717/how-best-to-write-documentation-ideally-in-latex-targeting-both-the-web-html)
*Update:*
Just to clarify a little further: I want to distribute a package in another language that will accept any LaTeX document and produce HTML output (mostly of academic papers). I can't expect anything else to be installed (e.g. ghostscript, perl, latex2html, tth) on the machines already, and it needs to run cross platform. In other words, if I can find something that has compilable source code (or code in Java or C++) then I would rather go down that route so that the application is self contained. Alternatively, I will just use latex2html or tth and require the user to install those separately (although that's not ideal). | 2009/11/19 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1760455",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/163053/"
] | [Latex2html](https://packages.debian.org/sid/latex2html) is the way to go. You say that you don't want any dependency, but any library you'll pick will be something you'll depend on. Latex2html:
* works great,
* it's part of TeX
* it's relatively small that you can bundle the executable with your app
* it's open source (GPL), so you might also try to link it within your program and not have an external dependency (you need to release with a GPL-compatible license, though)
* support bibtex out of the box,
* understand hyperlinks (if you convert from a postscript, you'll lose the hyperlinks)
I believe it compiles on all the major platforms (Linux, Windows, Mac) - but honestly I only have Linux so I can't say for sure. | I use [LyX](http://www.lyx.org/) as a frontend to latex, which makes editing a lot more convenient, and sort of produces its own flavor of latex. The upside is that for LyX, there is a separate html export, which uses all the extra-information present in LyX. The tool is called eLyxer.
The [homepage](http://wiki.lyx.org/Tools/ELyXer) states:
>
> There are some tools for TeX -> HTML
> conversion … but the results tend to
> be poor and rigid. eLyXer is meant to
> produce acceptable-to-beautiful HTML
> code, depending on your browser's
> Unicode and CSS rendering merits.
>
>
>
I can't really compare the output of elyxer with the tex2html tools, but I can confirm that elyxer produces clean, beautiful html code that probably does what you want. If you're willing to give LyX a shot :) |
1,446,874 | Could anyone give me some instructions on how to display the command line and the result in different colors.
Currently, they have the same color so it is difficult to read.
I am using XShell 5.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/CtosR.png) | 2019/06/10 | [
"https://superuser.com/questions/1446874",
"https://superuser.com",
"https://superuser.com/users/1047748/"
] | I know this is from last year, but in case anyone else stumbles on this:
@aircraft was mistaken. The filter is red, which means there is something in the filter search box that doesn't match any of the results, you just can't see the search box. Click the filter to show the search box, delete the contents, all of the network requests will then show up. | To filter requests by type, click the "Filter" icon than you can see that bar |
163,058 | iPhone 5: for the last 3 days, unable to connect to Facebook, access imperial bux store.
No issue with network connection and able to access Facebook thru the installed app.
Exited app, powered down. Connected thru wifi and cellular connection.
Anyone had success in fixing this? | 2014/04/05 | [
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/questions/163058",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com",
"https://gaming.stackexchange.com/users/69601/"
] | Turn off the FaceBook app on your phone.
On iPhone 5, hold the Home button for about 3 seconds. You will see a line of your recently used apps.
Swipe up on the FaceBook app.
Android should have a similar method. This should allow you to connect in Tiny Death Star again.
It is likely because both Tiny Death Star and FaceBool are born trying to connect to your FaceBook account. | DISNEY yanked the app off all system but windows systems |
2,216,616 | I am trying to make a program that when a usb is plugged into the computer it will lock the usb, so it is not accessable, and then when the user enters the correct password the usb will be accessable.
Is this possible?
Any help would be appreciated,
Thanks. | 2010/02/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2216616",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/216023/"
] | What you are talking about is called "device control" in the security world. Commercial solutions exist in many flavours (Google it or take the question to [SF](http://serverfault.com)/[SU](http://superuser.com)) but unfortunately I think it's quite complicated to implement on your own. In particular I think you would need to modify the device drivers in the USB layer, which in turn might disqualify C#. You would also need to whitelist certain devices or types of devices, for example your keyboard.
You could perhaps disable USB completely (in the BIOS for example), if it's a notebook and you don't strictly need USB for a keyboard or anything. | Use something like <http://www.truecrypt.org/> - it ensures all data is inaccessible until correct password is entered. |
2,216,616 | I am trying to make a program that when a usb is plugged into the computer it will lock the usb, so it is not accessable, and then when the user enters the correct password the usb will be accessable.
Is this possible?
Any help would be appreciated,
Thanks. | 2010/02/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2216616",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/216023/"
] | I found several articles by googling "[usb policy c#](http://www.google.com/search?q=usb+policy+c%23)". [Here's the first one](http://knol.google.com/k/developing-usb-storage-device-protection-tool-with-c#) and it looks straightforward. The results also showed some CodeProject hits, which you can usually download and learn from. | Use something like <http://www.truecrypt.org/> - it ensures all data is inaccessible until correct password is entered. |
2,216,616 | I am trying to make a program that when a usb is plugged into the computer it will lock the usb, so it is not accessable, and then when the user enters the correct password the usb will be accessable.
Is this possible?
Any help would be appreciated,
Thanks. | 2010/02/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2216616",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/216023/"
] | I found several articles by googling "[usb policy c#](http://www.google.com/search?q=usb+policy+c%23)". [Here's the first one](http://knol.google.com/k/developing-usb-storage-device-protection-tool-with-c#) and it looks straightforward. The results also showed some CodeProject hits, which you can usually download and learn from. | What you are talking about is called "device control" in the security world. Commercial solutions exist in many flavours (Google it or take the question to [SF](http://serverfault.com)/[SU](http://superuser.com)) but unfortunately I think it's quite complicated to implement on your own. In particular I think you would need to modify the device drivers in the USB layer, which in turn might disqualify C#. You would also need to whitelist certain devices or types of devices, for example your keyboard.
You could perhaps disable USB completely (in the BIOS for example), if it's a notebook and you don't strictly need USB for a keyboard or anything. |
2,216,616 | I am trying to make a program that when a usb is plugged into the computer it will lock the usb, so it is not accessable, and then when the user enters the correct password the usb will be accessable.
Is this possible?
Any help would be appreciated,
Thanks. | 2010/02/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2216616",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/216023/"
] | What you are talking about is called "device control" in the security world. Commercial solutions exist in many flavours (Google it or take the question to [SF](http://serverfault.com)/[SU](http://superuser.com)) but unfortunately I think it's quite complicated to implement on your own. In particular I think you would need to modify the device drivers in the USB layer, which in turn might disqualify C#. You would also need to whitelist certain devices or types of devices, for example your keyboard.
You could perhaps disable USB completely (in the BIOS for example), if it's a notebook and you don't strictly need USB for a keyboard or anything. | I've noticed in other secure USB thumb drives that the encrypted, inaccessible portion is *not* considered a removable device (it shows up as another hard drive). The part that launches the executable to "login" to the encrypted drive *is* on a removable device.
FYI the device is a [Imation PivotPlus](http://www.imation.com/en-us/Imation-Products/USB-Flash-Drives--Accessories/Pivot-Plus-Flash-Drive/). |
2,216,616 | I am trying to make a program that when a usb is plugged into the computer it will lock the usb, so it is not accessable, and then when the user enters the correct password the usb will be accessable.
Is this possible?
Any help would be appreciated,
Thanks. | 2010/02/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2216616",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/216023/"
] | I found several articles by googling "[usb policy c#](http://www.google.com/search?q=usb+policy+c%23)". [Here's the first one](http://knol.google.com/k/developing-usb-storage-device-protection-tool-with-c#) and it looks straightforward. The results also showed some CodeProject hits, which you can usually download and learn from. | I've noticed in other secure USB thumb drives that the encrypted, inaccessible portion is *not* considered a removable device (it shows up as another hard drive). The part that launches the executable to "login" to the encrypted drive *is* on a removable device.
FYI the device is a [Imation PivotPlus](http://www.imation.com/en-us/Imation-Products/USB-Flash-Drives--Accessories/Pivot-Plus-Flash-Drive/). |
11,093,553 | I am currently attempting to port a game I've developed in the Wintermute Lite engine to iOS platforms. My game will compile just fine in XCode (albeit using the armv6 architecture) and will run perfectly on the iOS simulator; however, when I try to deploy it to an iPad, the first thread will halt in XCode with the error "EXC\_BAD\_ACCESS (code=1, adress=0xfffffff6)", pointing to a non-specific line of assembly code.
First of all, if you guys have any ideas right off the bat as to what might be causing this, I would greatly appreciate some help. The thing is, I'm more than willing to debug this myself, but being a complete noob with Objective-C as well as XCode, I'm not sure how to trace this specific error back to the line of code that's causing it (I apologize if this is a really basic question but I've already attempted to find a command to get the line of code associated with the error, but with no success).
I realize that this is scant on details, but as I said, I'm not sure how to pinpoint the piece of code that's causing this error using XCode, otherwise I'd just debug this myself. If there's any extra information I can provide, let me know.
Thanks in advance for any help! | 2012/06/19 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/11093553",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1465192/"
] | I got it working. After a lot of messing around with XCode, I realized that I incorrectly configured the project file provided by Wintermute. As far as I can tell, it had something to do with the fact that the project was originally set to build for "iOS Universal" and I changed it to "iPad 5.0," which somehow caused the project to break upon deployment.
Anyway, I started over with a new XCode project file and got it to compile perfectly! Sorry for the bother. | The problem is the fact that it isnt ment to run on iOS. The reason it runs on he simulator is that it is building for a Intel chip set, not ARM. **Even** though you set it to armv6 it doesn't mean that the code will *run* on a non-intel device. |
522,769 | As far as I am aware,
1. HDMI 2.1 does support 12-bit 4K 60fps, Also it doesn't use TMDS, rather FRL. Sends upto 48Gbps
2. GPUs can do calculation in fp32 and from some reference, I think that it can send 16bpc (48-bit per pixel deep color) (Assuming that it is a high end Quadro GPU) (fp16 had the capability to send 12bpc 36-bit deep color, right?)
But there are monitors that don't support more than 10bpc 30-bit depth deep color
Why is that? Why do displays have limited bit-depth?
Can you give me some idea about the science behind this? Why does it cost more to produce higher bit-depth monitors?
Isn't it like, RGB pixels on the displays are emitting photons? Then how do different displays differ in terms of emitting photons? | 2020/09/22 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/522769",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | The short answer is, cost. Higher bit-depths require more bandwidth at every point in the digital signal chain, from rendering unit, DRAM, link, all the way to the DACs that drive the panel.
Technology being what it is, as pipeline costs have come down, deeper color standards have been introduced, so panels have evolved along with the rest of the display ecosystem to offer both higher resolution and increased color depth. To enable this, HDMI 2.1 supports 8K and 48 bits per pixel now.
Looking further up the pipeline, cameras commonly support 12 bits, with 14 coming available (RAW modes). Editing systems already use 16 bits per component internally and quantize back down at the end when the work is finalized.
I should also mention the various HDR coding schemes that seek to improve display dynamic range in a more bit-efficient way than just adding more color bits. | 1. Yes, true, but it also goes better than 12-bpc 4K 60Hz. It supports anything that goes up to 48 Gbps, and beyond that if DSC compression is used, the compressed stream is 48 Gbps so there is even more uncompressed bandwidth.
2. Certainly sounds possible. Many devices should support 16 bpc Deep Color just as easily as 12 or 10 bpc.
And yes, there are displays that support 12bpc. In fact if a HDMI display device supports 10bpc link, it must support 12bpc link too. Whether it actually uses those bits to drive the panel is something we cannot know. Note that the panel native depth may be less that what is possible by using dithering, so it is certainly possible to show images that equal 12 bpc with only a 10bpc panel, so that should count as a 12bpc display.
10 bits with HDR is slightly above the curve where eye can discern the quantization levels, but 12 bits with HDR is below the curve where eye cannot see a difference between quantization levels any more. If you have a 10-bit HDR capable panel and can make a display with adjustable backlight, preferably several separately dimmable areas, and work out some signal processing magic to get HDR image quality equaling to 11 bits with dithering and backlight control, there is no real visible improvement the human eyes can see. |
522,769 | As far as I am aware,
1. HDMI 2.1 does support 12-bit 4K 60fps, Also it doesn't use TMDS, rather FRL. Sends upto 48Gbps
2. GPUs can do calculation in fp32 and from some reference, I think that it can send 16bpc (48-bit per pixel deep color) (Assuming that it is a high end Quadro GPU) (fp16 had the capability to send 12bpc 36-bit deep color, right?)
But there are monitors that don't support more than 10bpc 30-bit depth deep color
Why is that? Why do displays have limited bit-depth?
Can you give me some idea about the science behind this? Why does it cost more to produce higher bit-depth monitors?
Isn't it like, RGB pixels on the displays are emitting photons? Then how do different displays differ in terms of emitting photons? | 2020/09/22 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/522769",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | >
> Can you give me some idea about the Science behind this? Why does it cost more to produce higher Bit-Depth Monitors? Isn't it Like, RGB pixels on the Displays are Emitting Photons? Then how Does different Displays differ in terms of Emitting Photons?
>
>
>
One of the things no one else has mentioned so far is the effect of gamma. You mentioned that you use 32 bit linear floating point, but the values that HDMI outputs are gamma corrected (spread nonuniformly in amplitude so that the difference between brightness levels gets larger as you approach maximum brightness), so if you want to show 10 bits, you actually need a panel that can change the number of photons it outputs by a lot more than just 1023 times.
That is a really tough thing to do. It means you have to have a pixel that can be very bright, and also very dim in a precise way. If you look into HDR video specifications, they either require very expensive panel technologies or use tricks like locally dimmable backlights. Even then, at a per pixel level, a lot of those technologies still might struggle to show you even 9 or 10 real bits. | The short answer is, cost. Higher bit-depths require more bandwidth at every point in the digital signal chain, from rendering unit, DRAM, link, all the way to the DACs that drive the panel.
Technology being what it is, as pipeline costs have come down, deeper color standards have been introduced, so panels have evolved along with the rest of the display ecosystem to offer both higher resolution and increased color depth. To enable this, HDMI 2.1 supports 8K and 48 bits per pixel now.
Looking further up the pipeline, cameras commonly support 12 bits, with 14 coming available (RAW modes). Editing systems already use 16 bits per component internally and quantize back down at the end when the work is finalized.
I should also mention the various HDR coding schemes that seek to improve display dynamic range in a more bit-efficient way than just adding more color bits. |
522,769 | As far as I am aware,
1. HDMI 2.1 does support 12-bit 4K 60fps, Also it doesn't use TMDS, rather FRL. Sends upto 48Gbps
2. GPUs can do calculation in fp32 and from some reference, I think that it can send 16bpc (48-bit per pixel deep color) (Assuming that it is a high end Quadro GPU) (fp16 had the capability to send 12bpc 36-bit deep color, right?)
But there are monitors that don't support more than 10bpc 30-bit depth deep color
Why is that? Why do displays have limited bit-depth?
Can you give me some idea about the science behind this? Why does it cost more to produce higher bit-depth monitors?
Isn't it like, RGB pixels on the displays are emitting photons? Then how do different displays differ in terms of emitting photons? | 2020/09/22 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/522769",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | >
> Can you give me some idea about the Science behind this? Why does it cost more to produce higher Bit-Depth Monitors? Isn't it Like, RGB pixels on the Displays are Emitting Photons? Then how Does different Displays differ in terms of Emitting Photons?
>
>
>
One of the things no one else has mentioned so far is the effect of gamma. You mentioned that you use 32 bit linear floating point, but the values that HDMI outputs are gamma corrected (spread nonuniformly in amplitude so that the difference between brightness levels gets larger as you approach maximum brightness), so if you want to show 10 bits, you actually need a panel that can change the number of photons it outputs by a lot more than just 1023 times.
That is a really tough thing to do. It means you have to have a pixel that can be very bright, and also very dim in a precise way. If you look into HDR video specifications, they either require very expensive panel technologies or use tricks like locally dimmable backlights. Even then, at a per pixel level, a lot of those technologies still might struggle to show you even 9 or 10 real bits. | 1. Yes, true, but it also goes better than 12-bpc 4K 60Hz. It supports anything that goes up to 48 Gbps, and beyond that if DSC compression is used, the compressed stream is 48 Gbps so there is even more uncompressed bandwidth.
2. Certainly sounds possible. Many devices should support 16 bpc Deep Color just as easily as 12 or 10 bpc.
And yes, there are displays that support 12bpc. In fact if a HDMI display device supports 10bpc link, it must support 12bpc link too. Whether it actually uses those bits to drive the panel is something we cannot know. Note that the panel native depth may be less that what is possible by using dithering, so it is certainly possible to show images that equal 12 bpc with only a 10bpc panel, so that should count as a 12bpc display.
10 bits with HDR is slightly above the curve where eye can discern the quantization levels, but 12 bits with HDR is below the curve where eye cannot see a difference between quantization levels any more. If you have a 10-bit HDR capable panel and can make a display with adjustable backlight, preferably several separately dimmable areas, and work out some signal processing magic to get HDR image quality equaling to 11 bits with dithering and backlight control, there is no real visible improvement the human eyes can see. |
69,601 | I'm a first year undergrad and I'm doing a small research extension on numerically solving ODEs. I have done the main ODE course at my university, as well as physics. The second part of the project constitutes using a method (linear multistep in my case) to solve a system of our choice and writing a report about it. I spoke to my supervisor and she said that a nonlinear example would be instructive since I am interested in plasma physics in the future. Also I'd like to do something involving fluids.
Problem is I have no idea where/how to find a specific example of a system modelled by a nonlinear ODE (I have found plenty of nonlinear PDE examples). So I was wondering if someone could tell me or guide me to an example, or how to find an example.
I am aware that this style of question may be frowned upon, but I've been looking for a while without success (and posted on other forums) so I thought I'd give it a shot. | 2013/06/30 | [
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/69601",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com",
"https://physics.stackexchange.com/users/26452/"
] | The motion of an ordinary pendulum, i.e. a weight on a string, is an example of a non-linear ODE. You probably learned in school that it's linear, but this is only an approximation for small amplitudes. | Interested in the plasma physics, you can try to understand the [Debye-Hückel equation](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debye-H%C3%BCckel_equation). I'm not sure if the Wikipedia page is the best resource to start with. Most of the time people linearises this equation to find the Debye-length (this length has plenty *fathers*, but I do not remember neither who nor how many :-), but it may have some interesting things to do with the non-linear problem (or at least the higher order perturbed one). It's the problem of the density of screened free charges in a plasma.
This is an ODE only in 1D of course (note nevertheless the possibility to discuss the radial component when circular symmetry is supposed). I'm not sure if it's the more relevant one for plasma, but that's the only non-linear plasma or fluid example I know which is not a system of partial differential equations.
Have fun. |
19,867 | I would like to sell a product that uses a device that is currently under patent. If I buy the device from the company and screw it onto my product, (which does something unrelated), can I sell it? | 2018/08/31 | [
"https://patents.stackexchange.com/questions/19867",
"https://patents.stackexchange.com",
"https://patents.stackexchange.com/users/19327/"
] | Unless there is some agreement with the supplier to the contrary (say a shrink-wrap license), you bought the device it and can whatever you like with it and not worry about patents the supplier has on the device itself. It is called "patent exhaustion".
From Wikipedia -
>
> The exhaustion doctrine, also referred to as the first sale doctrine, is a U.S. common law patent doctrine that limits the extent to which patent holders can control an individual article of a patented product after a so-called authorized sale.
>
>
>
However, in doing so you may be infringing on patents other than patents the vendor has on the device itself. The vendor may have methods of use patents, someone other than the vender may have claims that read on the device itself, or the combination you are creating might infringe on a patent owned by someone completely unrelated to the vendor of the device. | I think this is mainly up to the terms of sale for the device that is patented. It is reasonable for a company to restrict their product from being used in an unintended way because they may face an increased liability. Your best bet is to simply contact the company and see if they will allow you to use their product as you desire. |
2,634 | I sometimes leave '+1 for XYZ' comments on answers, to emphasise what it is about the answer that I like. These aren't general '+1 Good answer :)' comments, they have an amount of specificity.
Are these comments still discouraged? | 2014/05/07 | [
"https://workplace.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/2634",
"https://workplace.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.meta.stackexchange.com/users/17187/"
] | It's a grey area where we trust the community to use their best judgment.
As a rule of thumb: if you're on the fence, don't make a comment.
Comments are Second-Class Citizens
----------------------------------
See [Robert Cartaino's explanation](https://workplace.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/72/what-comments-are-not?rq=1):
>
> Comments are not intended for long-term storage of important information. But that transiency doesn't mean you can use comments for random, parenthetical asides. **If your comment isn't likely to change the content of the post, please do not post it** for someone else to clean up.
>
>
>
What this generally means is the default stance toward comments is 'delete on sight' when they come up for moderation.
Does Your Comment Add Value?
----------------------------
See [Rarity's post](https://workplace.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/1788/how-aggressively-should-we-flag-comments/1789#1789):
>
> +1 great question/answer: Yes, we can see the votes. These are only okay if the comment otherwise has substance. If it's useless without the +1 it's still useless with it (same for -1)
>
>
>
We're going to have to trust your judgment on that. Generally speaking, if there are a lot of comments on the post already, or the post is older than a few days old, I would really appreciate it if you erred on the side of restraint, because...
Comments are a Pain in the Derriere to Cleanup
----------------------------------------------
You can read up what [Jon Ericson said](https://meta.stackoverflow.com/a/251176/1933347) about comments -- he has plenty more if you search around, but comments are not fun to cleanup.
Though this may seem absurd, it probably takes more time for someone to moderate a comment than it does to make the comment in the first place. That doesn't mean don't make the comment, but it just means that you should be aware that at some point in the future, someone will have to take some time to read through your comment (and others) to figure out what to do with them.
When in doubt, err on the side of silence. | When you do a downvote, it is customary to use comments to explain why, so the author and any readers learn what specifically you disliked about the answer. This tells the author and anyone else what kind of behavior exactly you would like to discourage in the community.
As an extension of this it makes also sense to explain why you upvoted something. It gives the author and anyone who reads it feedback about what behavior specifically you endorse and would like to see more of in the community.
Comments like *"+1 for proper formating your answer"* or *"+1 for finding and linking so many reputable sources for your claim"* tell people "Do this too, and you get more upvotes!"
There is, however a kind of +1 comment I see a bit more critical, and that's the *"+1 for having the same opinion I have"*.
1. Personal opinions are not a good thing on stackexchange in general and should be avoided. There is a reason we have the "primarily opinion-based" close-reason.
2. Answers should be judged based on their factual accuracy and usefulness, not on how much you share the viewpoint of the author.
3. Rewarding people for expressing certain opinions makes the community one-sided and discourages people from expressing unpopular (but still valid) viewpoints which would offer a useful alternative perspective. |
5,003 | In [Chuck Yeager's](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck_Yeager) autobiography, he went into a little bit of detail as to why the [X-1](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_X-1) was able to break the sound barrier safely where as the [P-51D](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_P-51_Mustang) he flew during WWII could not have safely broken the sound barrier. He mentioned it had to do with the controls... Something about flow separation, as I recall, and the elevator not working as a result in most aircraft before the X-1.
I was wondering if someone could explain this though? What advances where made during X-1 development that made it stable at Mach 1? | 2014/05/20 | [
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/questions/5003",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com",
"https://aviation.stackexchange.com/users/511/"
] | The control problems are caused by a shift of the aerodynamic forces. In subsonic flight, they are mostly created in the forward part of the wing (the lift increase with angle of attack works at the quarter chord point of a wing, regardless of sweep), while in supersonic flow they work equally over the full chord. The center of lift in pure supersonic flow is at mid chord, and in reality the aerodynamic center shifts slowly back when the aircraft accelerates through Mach 1 and more of the surface is exposed to supersonic flow.
Since the c.g. position is mostly fixed (Concorde pumped fuel between tanks to shift the c.g.), this shift must be compensated with elevator deflection. The elevator must move trailing edge up, which creates a break in the airfoil contour, which in turn creates a heavy shockwave at high subsonic and supersonic flight speed. This shock causes flow separation and can lead to elevator reversal. Only when the fixed part of the horizontal tail can be moved, too, or you have a full-flying tail (the whole stabilizer is moved, not only the rear part of it) to create the needed lift change without a contour break, the aircraft can be trimmed for both subsonic and supersonic speed.
The benefit of the X-1 was a stabilizer with variable incidence, which the P-51 lacked. Sweep would have helped, too, but was not really necessary. | The phenomenon you are describing is called "[Mach tuck](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mach_tuck)." As Peter described, the location of the lift forces changes, which can be more than the elevator can compensate for.
There is also another factor at work. This image shows what is happening on a wing or tail surface near supersonic speeds. At the higher speeds, a flow separation is shown. This means that the flow is no longer "sticking" to the surface, instead creating turbulence in that area. This flow separation occurs at the trailing edge, exactly where the control surfaces tend to be. This means that instead of deflecting into smooth flow, they enter turbulence. This can cause buffeting in the controls, and makes the control surfaces much less effective.
The solution to this problem was to move the entire tail surface instead of just a trailing edge portion. Since this surface now acts as both the horizontal stabilizer and the elevator, it is called a "[stabilator](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stabilator)." You will notice this feature on most supersonic fighter jets.
 |
20,158 | When I wake up in the morning I don't feel like meditating straight away. I usually feel heavy and drowsy. So I have some breakfast and coffee and then I will sit. This morning I tried to sit for an hour as soon as I woke up but it was really difficult. My mind was not clear at all. Not sure I was thinking about anything in particular but I felt cloudy and uncomfortable with strong cravings to go back to sleep. I was so uncomfortable that I decided to open my eyes at 45 minutes.
My meditation feels like a struggle a lot lately. I feel like I've kind of lost touch with why I'm doing it. It feels like a bit of a chore. Sitting there day in and day out watching the breath for years and years but failing to become any more concentrated unless on retreat has become kind of pointless. Does anyone else feel like this?
I was hoping that after all this time that maybe something would change in my life and I might see more clearly about how I cause myself suffering, that I would have "insights" but it seems to just be this endless watching the breath, thinking, watching the breath, thinking. I'm not sure if maybe I'm expecting too much but it doesn't feel like I'm gaining any benefit for the amount of time I put in to it so then I start thinking that I'm doing it wrong etc. I can't believe that after 6 years I'm still thinking/feeling this way. Feeling intense Dukkha today. | 2017/04/17 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/20158",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/10950/"
] | I think an hour is too long. It's too long on your body, and it makes meditation a more daunting challenge. I also sit with my eyes open, which is standard in Zen. Having your eyes closed makes you more likely to fall asleep, and having them open brings you fully into the here and now (although you might find it difficult if you're not used to it).
Don't sit immediately after getting out of bed. Have a wash, get into loose clothing, spend 5 - 10 minutes having a tea or coffee. You can also do some yoga, which will stretch your body and wake you up a bit more.
Have a set time at which to sit so there isn't a debate or struggle going on in your mind. Then just sit.
Don't have expectations about what meditation should be. If you're sleepy or distracted, then that's just what is. Sit with it, don't judge it, don't comment on it, don't reproach yourself. As long as you maintain awareness, and correct thinking and sleepiness when you notice them, you're doing it right.
Everyone who has an established practice has gone through and continues to go through periods like this, and very often it feels like a chore. Don't have expectations! Just knuckle down and get on with it :)
I'd also strongly advise you to make contact with a temple/monastery/meditation group - having the support of fellow meditators who are going through the same things as you is an invaluable aid to your practice.
Edit: Don't have breakfast before meditation, food in the belly interferes with your posture and promotes sleepiness. | If you're experiencing physical and mental problems, it could very well be lack of nutrients, exercise and sleep. I suggest you do a quick check on these. You might find this book very helpful: [Spark](http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0316113514)
Watching breath without knowing why you're doing is likely to do more harm than good. Anäpänä sathi meditation is supposed to be done with Sammä Ditti. Sammä Ditti is not a simple topic and becomes best understood once you become an arhat. I suggest reading material on Arya / Lokotthara Sammä Ditti before doing any Buddhist practice related to meditation.
Hope your problems are sorted out soon and may your realize the Four Noble Truths soon through the Noble Eightfold Path. |
20,158 | When I wake up in the morning I don't feel like meditating straight away. I usually feel heavy and drowsy. So I have some breakfast and coffee and then I will sit. This morning I tried to sit for an hour as soon as I woke up but it was really difficult. My mind was not clear at all. Not sure I was thinking about anything in particular but I felt cloudy and uncomfortable with strong cravings to go back to sleep. I was so uncomfortable that I decided to open my eyes at 45 minutes.
My meditation feels like a struggle a lot lately. I feel like I've kind of lost touch with why I'm doing it. It feels like a bit of a chore. Sitting there day in and day out watching the breath for years and years but failing to become any more concentrated unless on retreat has become kind of pointless. Does anyone else feel like this?
I was hoping that after all this time that maybe something would change in my life and I might see more clearly about how I cause myself suffering, that I would have "insights" but it seems to just be this endless watching the breath, thinking, watching the breath, thinking. I'm not sure if maybe I'm expecting too much but it doesn't feel like I'm gaining any benefit for the amount of time I put in to it so then I start thinking that I'm doing it wrong etc. I can't believe that after 6 years I'm still thinking/feeling this way. Feeling intense Dukkha today. | 2017/04/17 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/20158",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/10950/"
] | >
> I usually feel heavy and drowsy.
>
>
>
This is Slot and Toper. You should overcome this and other [Hindrances](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_hindrances). Many of the techniques are found in:
* [The Five Mental Hindrances and Their Conquest Selected Texts from the Pali Canon and the Commentaries](http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/nyanaponika/wheel026.html) compiled and translated by Nyanaponika Thera
* [Nīvaraṇa](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.1-Nivarana.-piya.pdf) by Piya Tan
* [Thīna,middha](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.6-Thinamiddha-piya.pdf) by Piya Tan [these might also be interesting: [Vyāpāda](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.5-Vyapada-piya.pdf), [Uddhacca,kukkucca](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.7-Uddhaccakukkucca-piya.pdf), [Vicikicchā](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.8-Vicikiccha-piya.pdf), [Kāma-c,chanda](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.2-Kamacchanda-piya.pdf) by the same author]
>
> ... Feeling intense Dukkha today.
>
>
>
When you do not achieve spiritual goals unsatisfactoriness may arise. [[Sal,āyatana Vibhanga Sutta](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/29.5-Salayatana-Vibhanga-S-m137-piya.pdf)] Best is try to keep you mind and practice steady. Also see if you are putting too much effect leading to restless worry. Also do not measure progress too often. Just do what needs to be done, i.e., just practice! | If you struggle with sitting and meditating then don't sit and meditate. That can come in time. There are more ways of meditating.
Myself, I like to go for a walk.
Walking meditation is an important practice, and is commonly interspersed between sitting meditation.
In walking meditation I like to stroll slowly. It may just be around the room, or around the garden, or even a longer distance walk - it's up to you, whatever you feel comfortable with. Focus on every action you perform while walking. The feel of the floor under your feet as you set them down. The movement of the muscles as you move your arms and legs. The feel of the air against your skin. The sound of the birds singing. Oh, and your breathing of course. The feel of the air passing your lips...
It's all calming the mind and bringing you thoughts back within yourself. You don't have to sit in the lotus position and go "Om". |
20,158 | When I wake up in the morning I don't feel like meditating straight away. I usually feel heavy and drowsy. So I have some breakfast and coffee and then I will sit. This morning I tried to sit for an hour as soon as I woke up but it was really difficult. My mind was not clear at all. Not sure I was thinking about anything in particular but I felt cloudy and uncomfortable with strong cravings to go back to sleep. I was so uncomfortable that I decided to open my eyes at 45 minutes.
My meditation feels like a struggle a lot lately. I feel like I've kind of lost touch with why I'm doing it. It feels like a bit of a chore. Sitting there day in and day out watching the breath for years and years but failing to become any more concentrated unless on retreat has become kind of pointless. Does anyone else feel like this?
I was hoping that after all this time that maybe something would change in my life and I might see more clearly about how I cause myself suffering, that I would have "insights" but it seems to just be this endless watching the breath, thinking, watching the breath, thinking. I'm not sure if maybe I'm expecting too much but it doesn't feel like I'm gaining any benefit for the amount of time I put in to it so then I start thinking that I'm doing it wrong etc. I can't believe that after 6 years I'm still thinking/feeling this way. Feeling intense Dukkha today. | 2017/04/17 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/20158",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/10950/"
] | I think an hour is too long. It's too long on your body, and it makes meditation a more daunting challenge. I also sit with my eyes open, which is standard in Zen. Having your eyes closed makes you more likely to fall asleep, and having them open brings you fully into the here and now (although you might find it difficult if you're not used to it).
Don't sit immediately after getting out of bed. Have a wash, get into loose clothing, spend 5 - 10 minutes having a tea or coffee. You can also do some yoga, which will stretch your body and wake you up a bit more.
Have a set time at which to sit so there isn't a debate or struggle going on in your mind. Then just sit.
Don't have expectations about what meditation should be. If you're sleepy or distracted, then that's just what is. Sit with it, don't judge it, don't comment on it, don't reproach yourself. As long as you maintain awareness, and correct thinking and sleepiness when you notice them, you're doing it right.
Everyone who has an established practice has gone through and continues to go through periods like this, and very often it feels like a chore. Don't have expectations! Just knuckle down and get on with it :)
I'd also strongly advise you to make contact with a temple/monastery/meditation group - having the support of fellow meditators who are going through the same things as you is an invaluable aid to your practice.
Edit: Don't have breakfast before meditation, food in the belly interferes with your posture and promotes sleepiness. | If you struggle with sitting and meditating then don't sit and meditate. That can come in time. There are more ways of meditating.
Myself, I like to go for a walk.
Walking meditation is an important practice, and is commonly interspersed between sitting meditation.
In walking meditation I like to stroll slowly. It may just be around the room, or around the garden, or even a longer distance walk - it's up to you, whatever you feel comfortable with. Focus on every action you perform while walking. The feel of the floor under your feet as you set them down. The movement of the muscles as you move your arms and legs. The feel of the air against your skin. The sound of the birds singing. Oh, and your breathing of course. The feel of the air passing your lips...
It's all calming the mind and bringing you thoughts back within yourself. You don't have to sit in the lotus position and go "Om". |
20,158 | When I wake up in the morning I don't feel like meditating straight away. I usually feel heavy and drowsy. So I have some breakfast and coffee and then I will sit. This morning I tried to sit for an hour as soon as I woke up but it was really difficult. My mind was not clear at all. Not sure I was thinking about anything in particular but I felt cloudy and uncomfortable with strong cravings to go back to sleep. I was so uncomfortable that I decided to open my eyes at 45 minutes.
My meditation feels like a struggle a lot lately. I feel like I've kind of lost touch with why I'm doing it. It feels like a bit of a chore. Sitting there day in and day out watching the breath for years and years but failing to become any more concentrated unless on retreat has become kind of pointless. Does anyone else feel like this?
I was hoping that after all this time that maybe something would change in my life and I might see more clearly about how I cause myself suffering, that I would have "insights" but it seems to just be this endless watching the breath, thinking, watching the breath, thinking. I'm not sure if maybe I'm expecting too much but it doesn't feel like I'm gaining any benefit for the amount of time I put in to it so then I start thinking that I'm doing it wrong etc. I can't believe that after 6 years I'm still thinking/feeling this way. Feeling intense Dukkha today. | 2017/04/17 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/20158",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/10950/"
] | >
> I usually feel heavy and drowsy.
>
>
>
This is Slot and Toper. You should overcome this and other [Hindrances](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_hindrances). Many of the techniques are found in:
* [The Five Mental Hindrances and Their Conquest Selected Texts from the Pali Canon and the Commentaries](http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/nyanaponika/wheel026.html) compiled and translated by Nyanaponika Thera
* [Nīvaraṇa](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.1-Nivarana.-piya.pdf) by Piya Tan
* [Thīna,middha](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.6-Thinamiddha-piya.pdf) by Piya Tan [these might also be interesting: [Vyāpāda](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.5-Vyapada-piya.pdf), [Uddhacca,kukkucca](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.7-Uddhaccakukkucca-piya.pdf), [Vicikicchā](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.8-Vicikiccha-piya.pdf), [Kāma-c,chanda](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.2-Kamacchanda-piya.pdf) by the same author]
>
> ... Feeling intense Dukkha today.
>
>
>
When you do not achieve spiritual goals unsatisfactoriness may arise. [[Sal,āyatana Vibhanga Sutta](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/29.5-Salayatana-Vibhanga-S-m137-piya.pdf)] Best is try to keep you mind and practice steady. Also see if you are putting too much effect leading to restless worry. Also do not measure progress too often. Just do what needs to be done, i.e., just practice! | Don't stress yourself trying to do those meditations uselessly. Just try out this: you just focus on your day to day activities with a good comprehension and awareness. In short be concious when doing things. That inhaling -exhaling meditation is just a basic and elememtry meditation which was taught for beginners. Just try iut what i explained. |
20,158 | When I wake up in the morning I don't feel like meditating straight away. I usually feel heavy and drowsy. So I have some breakfast and coffee and then I will sit. This morning I tried to sit for an hour as soon as I woke up but it was really difficult. My mind was not clear at all. Not sure I was thinking about anything in particular but I felt cloudy and uncomfortable with strong cravings to go back to sleep. I was so uncomfortable that I decided to open my eyes at 45 minutes.
My meditation feels like a struggle a lot lately. I feel like I've kind of lost touch with why I'm doing it. It feels like a bit of a chore. Sitting there day in and day out watching the breath for years and years but failing to become any more concentrated unless on retreat has become kind of pointless. Does anyone else feel like this?
I was hoping that after all this time that maybe something would change in my life and I might see more clearly about how I cause myself suffering, that I would have "insights" but it seems to just be this endless watching the breath, thinking, watching the breath, thinking. I'm not sure if maybe I'm expecting too much but it doesn't feel like I'm gaining any benefit for the amount of time I put in to it so then I start thinking that I'm doing it wrong etc. I can't believe that after 6 years I'm still thinking/feeling this way. Feeling intense Dukkha today. | 2017/04/17 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/20158",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/10950/"
] | If you're experiencing physical and mental problems, it could very well be lack of nutrients, exercise and sleep. I suggest you do a quick check on these. You might find this book very helpful: [Spark](http://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/0316113514)
Watching breath without knowing why you're doing is likely to do more harm than good. Anäpänä sathi meditation is supposed to be done with Sammä Ditti. Sammä Ditti is not a simple topic and becomes best understood once you become an arhat. I suggest reading material on Arya / Lokotthara Sammä Ditti before doing any Buddhist practice related to meditation.
Hope your problems are sorted out soon and may your realize the Four Noble Truths soon through the Noble Eightfold Path. | Renunciation! There must be renunciation from the bottom of your heart before you can be easy on your meditation. |
20,158 | When I wake up in the morning I don't feel like meditating straight away. I usually feel heavy and drowsy. So I have some breakfast and coffee and then I will sit. This morning I tried to sit for an hour as soon as I woke up but it was really difficult. My mind was not clear at all. Not sure I was thinking about anything in particular but I felt cloudy and uncomfortable with strong cravings to go back to sleep. I was so uncomfortable that I decided to open my eyes at 45 minutes.
My meditation feels like a struggle a lot lately. I feel like I've kind of lost touch with why I'm doing it. It feels like a bit of a chore. Sitting there day in and day out watching the breath for years and years but failing to become any more concentrated unless on retreat has become kind of pointless. Does anyone else feel like this?
I was hoping that after all this time that maybe something would change in my life and I might see more clearly about how I cause myself suffering, that I would have "insights" but it seems to just be this endless watching the breath, thinking, watching the breath, thinking. I'm not sure if maybe I'm expecting too much but it doesn't feel like I'm gaining any benefit for the amount of time I put in to it so then I start thinking that I'm doing it wrong etc. I can't believe that after 6 years I'm still thinking/feeling this way. Feeling intense Dukkha today. | 2017/04/17 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/20158",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/10950/"
] | As I inferred in my other post, for me, meditation must bring happiness, which comes from intensive development.
As you posted here: "*failing to become any more concentrated **unless on retreat** has become kind of pointless*". This shows why retreat is important.
As soon as the sun starts to rise in the morning, I leave my home & go for a long walk in nature.
It certainly sounds like your mind is feeling *dukkha* today. The Buddhist path does not come easy, unless practised a lot. This is why people become monks & nuns & live in a natural environment. | Renunciation! There must be renunciation from the bottom of your heart before you can be easy on your meditation. |
20,158 | When I wake up in the morning I don't feel like meditating straight away. I usually feel heavy and drowsy. So I have some breakfast and coffee and then I will sit. This morning I tried to sit for an hour as soon as I woke up but it was really difficult. My mind was not clear at all. Not sure I was thinking about anything in particular but I felt cloudy and uncomfortable with strong cravings to go back to sleep. I was so uncomfortable that I decided to open my eyes at 45 minutes.
My meditation feels like a struggle a lot lately. I feel like I've kind of lost touch with why I'm doing it. It feels like a bit of a chore. Sitting there day in and day out watching the breath for years and years but failing to become any more concentrated unless on retreat has become kind of pointless. Does anyone else feel like this?
I was hoping that after all this time that maybe something would change in my life and I might see more clearly about how I cause myself suffering, that I would have "insights" but it seems to just be this endless watching the breath, thinking, watching the breath, thinking. I'm not sure if maybe I'm expecting too much but it doesn't feel like I'm gaining any benefit for the amount of time I put in to it so then I start thinking that I'm doing it wrong etc. I can't believe that after 6 years I'm still thinking/feeling this way. Feeling intense Dukkha today. | 2017/04/17 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/20158",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/10950/"
] | If you struggle with sitting and meditating then don't sit and meditate. That can come in time. There are more ways of meditating.
Myself, I like to go for a walk.
Walking meditation is an important practice, and is commonly interspersed between sitting meditation.
In walking meditation I like to stroll slowly. It may just be around the room, or around the garden, or even a longer distance walk - it's up to you, whatever you feel comfortable with. Focus on every action you perform while walking. The feel of the floor under your feet as you set them down. The movement of the muscles as you move your arms and legs. The feel of the air against your skin. The sound of the birds singing. Oh, and your breathing of course. The feel of the air passing your lips...
It's all calming the mind and bringing you thoughts back within yourself. You don't have to sit in the lotus position and go "Om". | Renunciation! There must be renunciation from the bottom of your heart before you can be easy on your meditation. |
20,158 | When I wake up in the morning I don't feel like meditating straight away. I usually feel heavy and drowsy. So I have some breakfast and coffee and then I will sit. This morning I tried to sit for an hour as soon as I woke up but it was really difficult. My mind was not clear at all. Not sure I was thinking about anything in particular but I felt cloudy and uncomfortable with strong cravings to go back to sleep. I was so uncomfortable that I decided to open my eyes at 45 minutes.
My meditation feels like a struggle a lot lately. I feel like I've kind of lost touch with why I'm doing it. It feels like a bit of a chore. Sitting there day in and day out watching the breath for years and years but failing to become any more concentrated unless on retreat has become kind of pointless. Does anyone else feel like this?
I was hoping that after all this time that maybe something would change in my life and I might see more clearly about how I cause myself suffering, that I would have "insights" but it seems to just be this endless watching the breath, thinking, watching the breath, thinking. I'm not sure if maybe I'm expecting too much but it doesn't feel like I'm gaining any benefit for the amount of time I put in to it so then I start thinking that I'm doing it wrong etc. I can't believe that after 6 years I'm still thinking/feeling this way. Feeling intense Dukkha today. | 2017/04/17 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/20158",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/10950/"
] | I think an hour is too long. It's too long on your body, and it makes meditation a more daunting challenge. I also sit with my eyes open, which is standard in Zen. Having your eyes closed makes you more likely to fall asleep, and having them open brings you fully into the here and now (although you might find it difficult if you're not used to it).
Don't sit immediately after getting out of bed. Have a wash, get into loose clothing, spend 5 - 10 minutes having a tea or coffee. You can also do some yoga, which will stretch your body and wake you up a bit more.
Have a set time at which to sit so there isn't a debate or struggle going on in your mind. Then just sit.
Don't have expectations about what meditation should be. If you're sleepy or distracted, then that's just what is. Sit with it, don't judge it, don't comment on it, don't reproach yourself. As long as you maintain awareness, and correct thinking and sleepiness when you notice them, you're doing it right.
Everyone who has an established practice has gone through and continues to go through periods like this, and very often it feels like a chore. Don't have expectations! Just knuckle down and get on with it :)
I'd also strongly advise you to make contact with a temple/monastery/meditation group - having the support of fellow meditators who are going through the same things as you is an invaluable aid to your practice.
Edit: Don't have breakfast before meditation, food in the belly interferes with your posture and promotes sleepiness. | Don't stress yourself trying to do those meditations uselessly. Just try out this: you just focus on your day to day activities with a good comprehension and awareness. In short be concious when doing things. That inhaling -exhaling meditation is just a basic and elememtry meditation which was taught for beginners. Just try iut what i explained. |
20,158 | When I wake up in the morning I don't feel like meditating straight away. I usually feel heavy and drowsy. So I have some breakfast and coffee and then I will sit. This morning I tried to sit for an hour as soon as I woke up but it was really difficult. My mind was not clear at all. Not sure I was thinking about anything in particular but I felt cloudy and uncomfortable with strong cravings to go back to sleep. I was so uncomfortable that I decided to open my eyes at 45 minutes.
My meditation feels like a struggle a lot lately. I feel like I've kind of lost touch with why I'm doing it. It feels like a bit of a chore. Sitting there day in and day out watching the breath for years and years but failing to become any more concentrated unless on retreat has become kind of pointless. Does anyone else feel like this?
I was hoping that after all this time that maybe something would change in my life and I might see more clearly about how I cause myself suffering, that I would have "insights" but it seems to just be this endless watching the breath, thinking, watching the breath, thinking. I'm not sure if maybe I'm expecting too much but it doesn't feel like I'm gaining any benefit for the amount of time I put in to it so then I start thinking that I'm doing it wrong etc. I can't believe that after 6 years I'm still thinking/feeling this way. Feeling intense Dukkha today. | 2017/04/17 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/20158",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/10950/"
] | >
> I usually feel heavy and drowsy.
>
>
>
This is Slot and Toper. You should overcome this and other [Hindrances](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_hindrances). Many of the techniques are found in:
* [The Five Mental Hindrances and Their Conquest Selected Texts from the Pali Canon and the Commentaries](http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/nyanaponika/wheel026.html) compiled and translated by Nyanaponika Thera
* [Nīvaraṇa](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.1-Nivarana.-piya.pdf) by Piya Tan
* [Thīna,middha](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.6-Thinamiddha-piya.pdf) by Piya Tan [these might also be interesting: [Vyāpāda](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.5-Vyapada-piya.pdf), [Uddhacca,kukkucca](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.7-Uddhaccakukkucca-piya.pdf), [Vicikicchā](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.8-Vicikiccha-piya.pdf), [Kāma-c,chanda](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/32.2-Kamacchanda-piya.pdf) by the same author]
>
> ... Feeling intense Dukkha today.
>
>
>
When you do not achieve spiritual goals unsatisfactoriness may arise. [[Sal,āyatana Vibhanga Sutta](http://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/29.5-Salayatana-Vibhanga-S-m137-piya.pdf)] Best is try to keep you mind and practice steady. Also see if you are putting too much effect leading to restless worry. Also do not measure progress too often. Just do what needs to be done, i.e., just practice! | Renunciation! There must be renunciation from the bottom of your heart before you can be easy on your meditation. |
20,158 | When I wake up in the morning I don't feel like meditating straight away. I usually feel heavy and drowsy. So I have some breakfast and coffee and then I will sit. This morning I tried to sit for an hour as soon as I woke up but it was really difficult. My mind was not clear at all. Not sure I was thinking about anything in particular but I felt cloudy and uncomfortable with strong cravings to go back to sleep. I was so uncomfortable that I decided to open my eyes at 45 minutes.
My meditation feels like a struggle a lot lately. I feel like I've kind of lost touch with why I'm doing it. It feels like a bit of a chore. Sitting there day in and day out watching the breath for years and years but failing to become any more concentrated unless on retreat has become kind of pointless. Does anyone else feel like this?
I was hoping that after all this time that maybe something would change in my life and I might see more clearly about how I cause myself suffering, that I would have "insights" but it seems to just be this endless watching the breath, thinking, watching the breath, thinking. I'm not sure if maybe I'm expecting too much but it doesn't feel like I'm gaining any benefit for the amount of time I put in to it so then I start thinking that I'm doing it wrong etc. I can't believe that after 6 years I'm still thinking/feeling this way. Feeling intense Dukkha today. | 2017/04/17 | [
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/questions/20158",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com",
"https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/users/10950/"
] | I think an hour is too long. It's too long on your body, and it makes meditation a more daunting challenge. I also sit with my eyes open, which is standard in Zen. Having your eyes closed makes you more likely to fall asleep, and having them open brings you fully into the here and now (although you might find it difficult if you're not used to it).
Don't sit immediately after getting out of bed. Have a wash, get into loose clothing, spend 5 - 10 minutes having a tea or coffee. You can also do some yoga, which will stretch your body and wake you up a bit more.
Have a set time at which to sit so there isn't a debate or struggle going on in your mind. Then just sit.
Don't have expectations about what meditation should be. If you're sleepy or distracted, then that's just what is. Sit with it, don't judge it, don't comment on it, don't reproach yourself. As long as you maintain awareness, and correct thinking and sleepiness when you notice them, you're doing it right.
Everyone who has an established practice has gone through and continues to go through periods like this, and very often it feels like a chore. Don't have expectations! Just knuckle down and get on with it :)
I'd also strongly advise you to make contact with a temple/monastery/meditation group - having the support of fellow meditators who are going through the same things as you is an invaluable aid to your practice.
Edit: Don't have breakfast before meditation, food in the belly interferes with your posture and promotes sleepiness. | Renunciation! There must be renunciation from the bottom of your heart before you can be easy on your meditation. |
2,250 | For example, last year I was looking at Bogota, Colombia to LON. This was quite pricey, but it turned out if I bought separate tickets - Bogota to Orlando, Florida, and then an Air Berlin flight to London was pretty well priced.
Even better, I checked and it went via Dusseldorf. However if I just bought the leg to Dusseldorf, caught the 20 min train to Cologne and flew from there, it got cheaper still.
This of course requires hours of messing around with flight websites, and often knowledge (like that Dusseldorf and Cologne are close by). Surely there's a simpler way?
Eg, I'm looking at flights from Vancouver to Bangkok, and also from LON to either SCL or EZE or Lima or Quito. One to Quito goes to the Netherlands, somewhere in the Antilles islands, onwards to Guayaquil in Ecuador and then to Quito. 4 flights requires all sorts of playing to find the cheap legs, if any. Surely there's a 'cheapest paths' search engine that can take care of this somehow, or a simpler way? | 2011/09/21 | [
"https://travel.stackexchange.com/questions/2250",
"https://travel.stackexchange.com",
"https://travel.stackexchange.com/users/101/"
] | For multi-city trips, unfortunately, I don't think an 'optimized' search engine exists, and the sites like Kayak, mostly route using a single network of airlines, which may or may not be the cheapest option.
You do have to spend time and be a bit creative in charting itineraries. Here's a protocol that has worked well for me -
1. Chart out the major cities in your itinerary, and work out the most efficient routes connecting them. The trick here is to factor in as many round trips as your time permits - needless to say, round trips are significantly cheaper than one-way options. You may have to find a central destination, and establish that as a hub - a well-connected airport with an international airline hub will serve well.
2. For the smaller cities, look up regional, low-cost airlines (the likes of Vueling, Southwest, etc.).
3. Finally, connect all the dots.
This requires effort, but in essence, follows that same 'hub' concept that has existed, in the US at least, for many decades.
Good luck. | Expedia and lastminute flight searches will show you flights with stops. It also shows the Cheapest flights with 0, 1 or 2+ stops for you to compare.
While it might not be as cheap as booking all the flights individually yourself (it seems fairly cheap £610 from vancouver to bangkok next month), expedia does make sure your carriers are in the same airline group, meaning that if your first flight is late and you miss your connecting flight, your carrier will get you on another one. If you book your flights individually, you will not get this protection (you can claim on your travel insurance, but i'm sure there will be an excess)
Also if you buy each ticket individually you probably have to go through immigration and re-check in at each stop. |
245 | I have heard that extreme storm events can be caused simply by a butterfly flapping its wings somewhere in a distant location. Is it true that such a small disturbance in the air in one location can result in such a large catastrophic event in another separate location? If so how can we know this is possible, and how is this even possible? | 2014/04/17 | [
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/questions/245",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/users/51/"
] | The butterfly is a colourful illustration of [Chaos Theory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaos_theory), and the word butterfly came from the diagram of the state space (see below).
A system that is *chaotic* is extremely sensitive on its initial value. In principle, if you know *exactly* how the state of the universe is now, you could calculate how it develops (but due to other reasons, it is *theoretically impossible* to know the state exactly — but that's not the main point here). The issue with a chaotic system is that a *very* small change in the initial state can cause a *completely different* outcome in the system (given enough time).
So, suppose that we take the entire atmosphere and calculate the weather happening for the next 20 days; suppose for the moment that we actually *do* know every bit. Now, we repeat the calculation, but with one *tiny tiny* bit that is different; such as a butterfly flapping its wings. As the nature of a chaotic system is such that a *very small* change in the initial value can cause a *very large* change in the final state, the difference between these two initial systems may be that one gets a tornado, and the other doesn't.
Is this to say that the butterfly flapping its wings results in a tornado? **No, not really**. It's just a matter of saying, but not really accurate.
Many systems are chaotic:
* Try to drop a leave from a tree; it will never fall the same way twice.
* Hang a pendulum below another pendulum and track its motion:
(Figure from Wikipedia)
* Or [try to help your boyfriend](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run_Lola_Run) in what must be one of the loveliest illustrations of Chaos Theory ever. Suppose you are running to catch the bus. You keep sight of a butterfly, which delays you by a split second. This split second causes you to miss the bus, which later crashes into a ravine, killing everyone on board. Later in life, you go on to be a major political dictator starting World War III (*Note: this is not the plot of the linked movie, but my own morbid reinterpretation*).
Tell me, did this butterfly cause World War III?
Not really.
(Figure from Wikipedia) | It's just a demonstration of cause-and-effect.
Over time(years and years) even the smallest motions compound, and the eddies from butterfies wings will be the difference between a tornado and a clear day. |
245 | I have heard that extreme storm events can be caused simply by a butterfly flapping its wings somewhere in a distant location. Is it true that such a small disturbance in the air in one location can result in such a large catastrophic event in another separate location? If so how can we know this is possible, and how is this even possible? | 2014/04/17 | [
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/questions/245",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/users/51/"
] | The butterfly is a colourful illustration of [Chaos Theory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaos_theory), and the word butterfly came from the diagram of the state space (see below).
A system that is *chaotic* is extremely sensitive on its initial value. In principle, if you know *exactly* how the state of the universe is now, you could calculate how it develops (but due to other reasons, it is *theoretically impossible* to know the state exactly — but that's not the main point here). The issue with a chaotic system is that a *very* small change in the initial state can cause a *completely different* outcome in the system (given enough time).
So, suppose that we take the entire atmosphere and calculate the weather happening for the next 20 days; suppose for the moment that we actually *do* know every bit. Now, we repeat the calculation, but with one *tiny tiny* bit that is different; such as a butterfly flapping its wings. As the nature of a chaotic system is such that a *very small* change in the initial value can cause a *very large* change in the final state, the difference between these two initial systems may be that one gets a tornado, and the other doesn't.
Is this to say that the butterfly flapping its wings results in a tornado? **No, not really**. It's just a matter of saying, but not really accurate.
Many systems are chaotic:
* Try to drop a leave from a tree; it will never fall the same way twice.
* Hang a pendulum below another pendulum and track its motion:
(Figure from Wikipedia)
* Or [try to help your boyfriend](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run_Lola_Run) in what must be one of the loveliest illustrations of Chaos Theory ever. Suppose you are running to catch the bus. You keep sight of a butterfly, which delays you by a split second. This split second causes you to miss the bus, which later crashes into a ravine, killing everyone on board. Later in life, you go on to be a major political dictator starting World War III (*Note: this is not the plot of the linked movie, but my own morbid reinterpretation*).
Tell me, did this butterfly cause World War III?
Not really.
(Figure from Wikipedia) | The causes of a single particular extreme weather event, like a tornado, may never be fully understood, especially if it is a chaotic system. The causes or contributing factors to the number of tornados expected for a particular atmospheric condition is much more fully understood and is certainly not chaotic. In that sense, butterflies do not cause tornados. |
245 | I have heard that extreme storm events can be caused simply by a butterfly flapping its wings somewhere in a distant location. Is it true that such a small disturbance in the air in one location can result in such a large catastrophic event in another separate location? If so how can we know this is possible, and how is this even possible? | 2014/04/17 | [
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/questions/245",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/users/51/"
] | The butterfly is a colourful illustration of [Chaos Theory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaos_theory), and the word butterfly came from the diagram of the state space (see below).
A system that is *chaotic* is extremely sensitive on its initial value. In principle, if you know *exactly* how the state of the universe is now, you could calculate how it develops (but due to other reasons, it is *theoretically impossible* to know the state exactly — but that's not the main point here). The issue with a chaotic system is that a *very* small change in the initial state can cause a *completely different* outcome in the system (given enough time).
So, suppose that we take the entire atmosphere and calculate the weather happening for the next 20 days; suppose for the moment that we actually *do* know every bit. Now, we repeat the calculation, but with one *tiny tiny* bit that is different; such as a butterfly flapping its wings. As the nature of a chaotic system is such that a *very small* change in the initial value can cause a *very large* change in the final state, the difference between these two initial systems may be that one gets a tornado, and the other doesn't.
Is this to say that the butterfly flapping its wings results in a tornado? **No, not really**. It's just a matter of saying, but not really accurate.
Many systems are chaotic:
* Try to drop a leave from a tree; it will never fall the same way twice.
* Hang a pendulum below another pendulum and track its motion:
(Figure from Wikipedia)
* Or [try to help your boyfriend](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run_Lola_Run) in what must be one of the loveliest illustrations of Chaos Theory ever. Suppose you are running to catch the bus. You keep sight of a butterfly, which delays you by a split second. This split second causes you to miss the bus, which later crashes into a ravine, killing everyone on board. Later in life, you go on to be a major political dictator starting World War III (*Note: this is not the plot of the linked movie, but my own morbid reinterpretation*).
Tell me, did this butterfly cause World War III?
Not really.
(Figure from Wikipedia) | [*Predictability: Does the flap of a butterfly's wings in Brazil set off a tornado in Texas?*](http://eaps4.mit.edu/research/Lorenz/Butterfly_1972.pdf)
That was the title of Edward Lorenz's invited talk at the 139th meeting of the American Association of the Advancement of Science held in 1972. This is the origin of the term "butterfly effect". The catchy title suggests that the answer must be "Yes!" Why else ask that question? The bulk of the talk says the answer is "Nobody knows." "Nobody knows" doesn't jibe well with a sensationalistic, unscientific press. That a butterfly in Brazil *might* trigger a tornado in Texas does.
Lorenz had discovered in 1961 that early 1960s weather simulations were incredibly sensitive to initial conditions. Did this mean the weather itself is incredibly sensitive to minute changes? That the answer to this question is also "yes" marked a very important discovery. Weather and climate are the quintessential chaotic systems. Lorenz's work marked the start of modern chaos theory. His seminal 1963 paper, [*Deterministic nonperiodic flow*](http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/1520-0469%281963%29020%3C0130%3ADNF%3E2.0.CO%3B2), has been cited 13479 times, per Google scholar. (In comparison, his 1972 talk has "only" been cited 345 times.) The vast majority of those 13479 citations came after his 1972 AAAS talk. Sometimes it takes a catchy title to catch the attention of a scientist.
Taking Lorenz's talk literally, asking whether a flap of a butterfly's wings in Brazil truly can set off a tornado in Texas, misses the point of his talk and of his work. The key point is that weather is chaotic. The accuracy of a detailed weather forecast fourteen days from now is rather low because that two week interval is well beyond the relevant Lyapunov timescale for such detailed predictions.
What about that butterfly? It's wing flap is a very small perturbation. It's rather difficult to say that that flap caused anything of significance to happen because the relevant timescale for such infinitesimally small perturbations is very short. |
245 | I have heard that extreme storm events can be caused simply by a butterfly flapping its wings somewhere in a distant location. Is it true that such a small disturbance in the air in one location can result in such a large catastrophic event in another separate location? If so how can we know this is possible, and how is this even possible? | 2014/04/17 | [
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/questions/245",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/users/51/"
] | The butterfly is a colourful illustration of [Chaos Theory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaos_theory), and the word butterfly came from the diagram of the state space (see below).
A system that is *chaotic* is extremely sensitive on its initial value. In principle, if you know *exactly* how the state of the universe is now, you could calculate how it develops (but due to other reasons, it is *theoretically impossible* to know the state exactly — but that's not the main point here). The issue with a chaotic system is that a *very* small change in the initial state can cause a *completely different* outcome in the system (given enough time).
So, suppose that we take the entire atmosphere and calculate the weather happening for the next 20 days; suppose for the moment that we actually *do* know every bit. Now, we repeat the calculation, but with one *tiny tiny* bit that is different; such as a butterfly flapping its wings. As the nature of a chaotic system is such that a *very small* change in the initial value can cause a *very large* change in the final state, the difference between these two initial systems may be that one gets a tornado, and the other doesn't.
Is this to say that the butterfly flapping its wings results in a tornado? **No, not really**. It's just a matter of saying, but not really accurate.
Many systems are chaotic:
* Try to drop a leave from a tree; it will never fall the same way twice.
* Hang a pendulum below another pendulum and track its motion:
(Figure from Wikipedia)
* Or [try to help your boyfriend](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run_Lola_Run) in what must be one of the loveliest illustrations of Chaos Theory ever. Suppose you are running to catch the bus. You keep sight of a butterfly, which delays you by a split second. This split second causes you to miss the bus, which later crashes into a ravine, killing everyone on board. Later in life, you go on to be a major political dictator starting World War III (*Note: this is not the plot of the linked movie, but my own morbid reinterpretation*).
Tell me, did this butterfly cause World War III?
Not really.
(Figure from Wikipedia) | While it is not about butterflies, scientist have found weather in the United States and Noctilucent Clouds in Antarctica to be linked across thousands of miles.
Here are a few excerpts of what they have found:
>
> New data from NASA's AIM spacecraft have revealed "teleconnections" in Earth's atmosphere that stretch all the way from the North Pole to the South Pole and back again, linking weather and climate more closely than simple geography would suggest.
>
>
> For example, says Cora Randall, AIM science team member and Chair of the Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at the University of Colorado, "we have found that the winter air temperature in Indianapolis, Indiana, is well correlated with the frequency of noctilucent clouds over Antarctica."
>
>
>
It demonstrates how apparently unrelated events can in fact be related to each other.
[Here is the full article to read.](http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2014/16apr_teleconnections/) |
245 | I have heard that extreme storm events can be caused simply by a butterfly flapping its wings somewhere in a distant location. Is it true that such a small disturbance in the air in one location can result in such a large catastrophic event in another separate location? If so how can we know this is possible, and how is this even possible? | 2014/04/17 | [
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/questions/245",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/users/51/"
] | The causes of a single particular extreme weather event, like a tornado, may never be fully understood, especially if it is a chaotic system. The causes or contributing factors to the number of tornados expected for a particular atmospheric condition is much more fully understood and is certainly not chaotic. In that sense, butterflies do not cause tornados. | It's just a demonstration of cause-and-effect.
Over time(years and years) even the smallest motions compound, and the eddies from butterfies wings will be the difference between a tornado and a clear day. |
245 | I have heard that extreme storm events can be caused simply by a butterfly flapping its wings somewhere in a distant location. Is it true that such a small disturbance in the air in one location can result in such a large catastrophic event in another separate location? If so how can we know this is possible, and how is this even possible? | 2014/04/17 | [
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/questions/245",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/users/51/"
] | [*Predictability: Does the flap of a butterfly's wings in Brazil set off a tornado in Texas?*](http://eaps4.mit.edu/research/Lorenz/Butterfly_1972.pdf)
That was the title of Edward Lorenz's invited talk at the 139th meeting of the American Association of the Advancement of Science held in 1972. This is the origin of the term "butterfly effect". The catchy title suggests that the answer must be "Yes!" Why else ask that question? The bulk of the talk says the answer is "Nobody knows." "Nobody knows" doesn't jibe well with a sensationalistic, unscientific press. That a butterfly in Brazil *might* trigger a tornado in Texas does.
Lorenz had discovered in 1961 that early 1960s weather simulations were incredibly sensitive to initial conditions. Did this mean the weather itself is incredibly sensitive to minute changes? That the answer to this question is also "yes" marked a very important discovery. Weather and climate are the quintessential chaotic systems. Lorenz's work marked the start of modern chaos theory. His seminal 1963 paper, [*Deterministic nonperiodic flow*](http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/1520-0469%281963%29020%3C0130%3ADNF%3E2.0.CO%3B2), has been cited 13479 times, per Google scholar. (In comparison, his 1972 talk has "only" been cited 345 times.) The vast majority of those 13479 citations came after his 1972 AAAS talk. Sometimes it takes a catchy title to catch the attention of a scientist.
Taking Lorenz's talk literally, asking whether a flap of a butterfly's wings in Brazil truly can set off a tornado in Texas, misses the point of his talk and of his work. The key point is that weather is chaotic. The accuracy of a detailed weather forecast fourteen days from now is rather low because that two week interval is well beyond the relevant Lyapunov timescale for such detailed predictions.
What about that butterfly? It's wing flap is a very small perturbation. It's rather difficult to say that that flap caused anything of significance to happen because the relevant timescale for such infinitesimally small perturbations is very short. | It's just a demonstration of cause-and-effect.
Over time(years and years) even the smallest motions compound, and the eddies from butterfies wings will be the difference between a tornado and a clear day. |
245 | I have heard that extreme storm events can be caused simply by a butterfly flapping its wings somewhere in a distant location. Is it true that such a small disturbance in the air in one location can result in such a large catastrophic event in another separate location? If so how can we know this is possible, and how is this even possible? | 2014/04/17 | [
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/questions/245",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/users/51/"
] | While it is not about butterflies, scientist have found weather in the United States and Noctilucent Clouds in Antarctica to be linked across thousands of miles.
Here are a few excerpts of what they have found:
>
> New data from NASA's AIM spacecraft have revealed "teleconnections" in Earth's atmosphere that stretch all the way from the North Pole to the South Pole and back again, linking weather and climate more closely than simple geography would suggest.
>
>
> For example, says Cora Randall, AIM science team member and Chair of the Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at the University of Colorado, "we have found that the winter air temperature in Indianapolis, Indiana, is well correlated with the frequency of noctilucent clouds over Antarctica."
>
>
>
It demonstrates how apparently unrelated events can in fact be related to each other.
[Here is the full article to read.](http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2014/16apr_teleconnections/) | It's just a demonstration of cause-and-effect.
Over time(years and years) even the smallest motions compound, and the eddies from butterfies wings will be the difference between a tornado and a clear day. |
245 | I have heard that extreme storm events can be caused simply by a butterfly flapping its wings somewhere in a distant location. Is it true that such a small disturbance in the air in one location can result in such a large catastrophic event in another separate location? If so how can we know this is possible, and how is this even possible? | 2014/04/17 | [
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/questions/245",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/users/51/"
] | [*Predictability: Does the flap of a butterfly's wings in Brazil set off a tornado in Texas?*](http://eaps4.mit.edu/research/Lorenz/Butterfly_1972.pdf)
That was the title of Edward Lorenz's invited talk at the 139th meeting of the American Association of the Advancement of Science held in 1972. This is the origin of the term "butterfly effect". The catchy title suggests that the answer must be "Yes!" Why else ask that question? The bulk of the talk says the answer is "Nobody knows." "Nobody knows" doesn't jibe well with a sensationalistic, unscientific press. That a butterfly in Brazil *might* trigger a tornado in Texas does.
Lorenz had discovered in 1961 that early 1960s weather simulations were incredibly sensitive to initial conditions. Did this mean the weather itself is incredibly sensitive to minute changes? That the answer to this question is also "yes" marked a very important discovery. Weather and climate are the quintessential chaotic systems. Lorenz's work marked the start of modern chaos theory. His seminal 1963 paper, [*Deterministic nonperiodic flow*](http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/1520-0469%281963%29020%3C0130%3ADNF%3E2.0.CO%3B2), has been cited 13479 times, per Google scholar. (In comparison, his 1972 talk has "only" been cited 345 times.) The vast majority of those 13479 citations came after his 1972 AAAS talk. Sometimes it takes a catchy title to catch the attention of a scientist.
Taking Lorenz's talk literally, asking whether a flap of a butterfly's wings in Brazil truly can set off a tornado in Texas, misses the point of his talk and of his work. The key point is that weather is chaotic. The accuracy of a detailed weather forecast fourteen days from now is rather low because that two week interval is well beyond the relevant Lyapunov timescale for such detailed predictions.
What about that butterfly? It's wing flap is a very small perturbation. It's rather difficult to say that that flap caused anything of significance to happen because the relevant timescale for such infinitesimally small perturbations is very short. | The causes of a single particular extreme weather event, like a tornado, may never be fully understood, especially if it is a chaotic system. The causes or contributing factors to the number of tornados expected for a particular atmospheric condition is much more fully understood and is certainly not chaotic. In that sense, butterflies do not cause tornados. |
245 | I have heard that extreme storm events can be caused simply by a butterfly flapping its wings somewhere in a distant location. Is it true that such a small disturbance in the air in one location can result in such a large catastrophic event in another separate location? If so how can we know this is possible, and how is this even possible? | 2014/04/17 | [
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/questions/245",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/users/51/"
] | The causes of a single particular extreme weather event, like a tornado, may never be fully understood, especially if it is a chaotic system. The causes or contributing factors to the number of tornados expected for a particular atmospheric condition is much more fully understood and is certainly not chaotic. In that sense, butterflies do not cause tornados. | While it is not about butterflies, scientist have found weather in the United States and Noctilucent Clouds in Antarctica to be linked across thousands of miles.
Here are a few excerpts of what they have found:
>
> New data from NASA's AIM spacecraft have revealed "teleconnections" in Earth's atmosphere that stretch all the way from the North Pole to the South Pole and back again, linking weather and climate more closely than simple geography would suggest.
>
>
> For example, says Cora Randall, AIM science team member and Chair of the Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at the University of Colorado, "we have found that the winter air temperature in Indianapolis, Indiana, is well correlated with the frequency of noctilucent clouds over Antarctica."
>
>
>
It demonstrates how apparently unrelated events can in fact be related to each other.
[Here is the full article to read.](http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2014/16apr_teleconnections/) |
245 | I have heard that extreme storm events can be caused simply by a butterfly flapping its wings somewhere in a distant location. Is it true that such a small disturbance in the air in one location can result in such a large catastrophic event in another separate location? If so how can we know this is possible, and how is this even possible? | 2014/04/17 | [
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/questions/245",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com",
"https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/users/51/"
] | [*Predictability: Does the flap of a butterfly's wings in Brazil set off a tornado in Texas?*](http://eaps4.mit.edu/research/Lorenz/Butterfly_1972.pdf)
That was the title of Edward Lorenz's invited talk at the 139th meeting of the American Association of the Advancement of Science held in 1972. This is the origin of the term "butterfly effect". The catchy title suggests that the answer must be "Yes!" Why else ask that question? The bulk of the talk says the answer is "Nobody knows." "Nobody knows" doesn't jibe well with a sensationalistic, unscientific press. That a butterfly in Brazil *might* trigger a tornado in Texas does.
Lorenz had discovered in 1961 that early 1960s weather simulations were incredibly sensitive to initial conditions. Did this mean the weather itself is incredibly sensitive to minute changes? That the answer to this question is also "yes" marked a very important discovery. Weather and climate are the quintessential chaotic systems. Lorenz's work marked the start of modern chaos theory. His seminal 1963 paper, [*Deterministic nonperiodic flow*](http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/1520-0469%281963%29020%3C0130%3ADNF%3E2.0.CO%3B2), has been cited 13479 times, per Google scholar. (In comparison, his 1972 talk has "only" been cited 345 times.) The vast majority of those 13479 citations came after his 1972 AAAS talk. Sometimes it takes a catchy title to catch the attention of a scientist.
Taking Lorenz's talk literally, asking whether a flap of a butterfly's wings in Brazil truly can set off a tornado in Texas, misses the point of his talk and of his work. The key point is that weather is chaotic. The accuracy of a detailed weather forecast fourteen days from now is rather low because that two week interval is well beyond the relevant Lyapunov timescale for such detailed predictions.
What about that butterfly? It's wing flap is a very small perturbation. It's rather difficult to say that that flap caused anything of significance to happen because the relevant timescale for such infinitesimally small perturbations is very short. | While it is not about butterflies, scientist have found weather in the United States and Noctilucent Clouds in Antarctica to be linked across thousands of miles.
Here are a few excerpts of what they have found:
>
> New data from NASA's AIM spacecraft have revealed "teleconnections" in Earth's atmosphere that stretch all the way from the North Pole to the South Pole and back again, linking weather and climate more closely than simple geography would suggest.
>
>
> For example, says Cora Randall, AIM science team member and Chair of the Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at the University of Colorado, "we have found that the winter air temperature in Indianapolis, Indiana, is well correlated with the frequency of noctilucent clouds over Antarctica."
>
>
>
It demonstrates how apparently unrelated events can in fact be related to each other.
[Here is the full article to read.](http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2014/16apr_teleconnections/) |
24,263,121 | Can we set Chrome as a default browser on the coding side( client side ) in Android( 4.1 , 4.2 , 4.3) so that the webview inside a hybrid application ( HTML application packed through phonegap )is also opened in Google Chrome by default ? | 2014/06/17 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/24263121",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/3095468/"
] | >
> Can we set Chrome as a default browser on the coding side
>
>
>
No.
First, you cannot make any app be the user's default. The user chooses what the user's default is.
Second, Chrome may or may not exist on the device. | I don't think so that you achieve your task. I draw this conclusion before reading below link :-
[To open settings page of chrome browser in android programmatically?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23059478/to-open-settings-page-of-chrome-browser-in-android-programmatically)
[How can i set the Google Chrome as a default browser of the application that i make programmatically](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14496788/how-can-i-set-the-google-chrome-as-a-default-browser-of-the-application-that-i-m) |
14,817 | **Situation**
Students have three weeks to write a little application (UI, some logic, event handling, persist data to a file). They are given one page with some requirements (input). They are supposed to hand in a compilable and running application (output). No software documentation required.
**Question**
How would you grade a software project? What criteria would you use? Can you give examples?
**Idea**
There are a few areas that seem important to me.
1. Are all the given requirements implemented?
2. Is error handling implemented or does the application crash when the user inputs invalid data?
3. Does the user interface look good, is it usable?
4. Is the code well structured?
* Each class in a separate file
* Small methods which do one single task
* Public methods are documented
5. Can I save the data, quit the application, restart it again, and all the data is reloaded?
Those criteria are very vague, I know. For each of the above criteria, I don't know when to give an A and when to give an F. Any suggestions to improve the criteria and any suggestions on how to grade it? | 2013/12/16 | [
"https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/14817",
"https://academia.stackexchange.com",
"https://academia.stackexchange.com/users/10026/"
] | My policy, my 2 cents:
* Part of the grading corresponds to the expectation of the "customer". if this project is considered as an actual development project in industry, does it deserves that the customer is paying its full price. For instance, I will give 10 points (over 20) for that criteria. If the software fulfil all the requirements then the student is awarded the 10 points, otherwise he/she starts losing some of the points.
* Part of the grading is for the quality of the code (structure, naming of variable, algorithmic aspects, etc.). I give 5 points at max here.
* The rest is for the tasks around the code: modeling, UML stuff, reports, etc. The last 5 points can be found here. | Grading depends on the level of the students. The younger the student the more beneficial it is to be explicit in your grading policy. In an introductory class the grade is paramount for many people who may be taking that class to fulfill a requirement. In upper level undergraduate or graduate classes, grades seem like more of a curious administrative requirement.
For introductory classes one approach is to enumerate your requirements and give equal weight to all of them. The OP gives five domains. Give each 20 points. I assume that somewhere you specify what the "given requirements" are and what you mean by "error handling". (Are students expected to write custom error classes?)
If a domain has further divisions, such as #4, then divide that domain's points equally among the subdivisions. In this case 7,7,6.
This makes an explicit enough grading criteria that heads off undergraduate complaints about a biased system while giving the more motivated students something to do beyond writing code that checks off boxes. |
16,976 | **Background:**
Using Business Contacts Manager 2010 with SQL 2008.
Master database is hosted through SQL and each computer connects. When the connection is stopped, each computer switches to local copy of the database. When connection is available again, the changes are synced into the master database.
**Issue:**
When syncing the data from local to master, an error occured and all records after the error didn't trasfer the changes and erased the changes from the local database.
Is there any way to retrieve the data that was changed only on the local machine before the sync operation occured?
A transaction log LDF file of the local database copy is the only thing that may have that data in it but didn't have any luck retrieving the data so far. No local backups were made prior to the incident. The only way I believe this can be done is through the LDF file unless there is a way to roll back the local copy to a previous date even without a backup log file being created.
---
Notes: The last backup of the local machine database copy was from October 2011. The master database from the server was backed up much more recently but the information that I'm trying to retrieve is in the "SQL Serve Database Transactions Log File" aka the .LDF file.
So if I restore the local database to the backup from October 2011 could I redo all changes since and up until when the data was lost using the .LDF file? I don't think any recovery mode was ever set or changed from the default settings. Also, the database is not very large, only 500MB, and the data that was lost was only from a notes field and a call-date field for around 100 contacts so maybe its not worth all that work. | 2012/04/24 | [
"https://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/16976",
"https://dba.stackexchange.com",
"https://dba.stackexchange.com/users/8427/"
] | You need to restore the last full backup, then all transaction logs in sequence, issuing a STOP AT for the final transaction log restore at a time prior to the loss of data. See [this reference](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms179451.aspx). | I'm a bit late to the party, but here we go:
If the local database is in SIMPLE recovery, you're basically cooked.
If the local database is in BULK\_LOGGED or FULL, you have a chance if there's an existing full backup from before the data loss.
The first thing you need to do is take a transaction log backup to back up all the transactions that have not yet been backed up. **DO NOT RESTORE A FULL BACKUP OVER THE EXISTING DATABASE UNTIL YOU DO THIS** -- this is your only chance of retrieving the data.
After you've taken the transaction log backup, restore the full backup, and then the transaction log backup you just took with STOPAT to get back to the point in time just before the deletion. Hopefully the transaction log backup covers the entire LSN range since the full backup...
[Restore a Transaction Log Backup](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms177446.aspx) (MSDN) |
16,976 | **Background:**
Using Business Contacts Manager 2010 with SQL 2008.
Master database is hosted through SQL and each computer connects. When the connection is stopped, each computer switches to local copy of the database. When connection is available again, the changes are synced into the master database.
**Issue:**
When syncing the data from local to master, an error occured and all records after the error didn't trasfer the changes and erased the changes from the local database.
Is there any way to retrieve the data that was changed only on the local machine before the sync operation occured?
A transaction log LDF file of the local database copy is the only thing that may have that data in it but didn't have any luck retrieving the data so far. No local backups were made prior to the incident. The only way I believe this can be done is through the LDF file unless there is a way to roll back the local copy to a previous date even without a backup log file being created.
---
Notes: The last backup of the local machine database copy was from October 2011. The master database from the server was backed up much more recently but the information that I'm trying to retrieve is in the "SQL Serve Database Transactions Log File" aka the .LDF file.
So if I restore the local database to the backup from October 2011 could I redo all changes since and up until when the data was lost using the .LDF file? I don't think any recovery mode was ever set or changed from the default settings. Also, the database is not very large, only 500MB, and the data that was lost was only from a notes field and a call-date field for around 100 contacts so maybe its not worth all that work. | 2012/04/24 | [
"https://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/16976",
"https://dba.stackexchange.com",
"https://dba.stackexchange.com/users/8427/"
] | You need to restore the last full backup, then all transaction logs in sequence, issuing a STOP AT for the final transaction log restore at a time prior to the loss of data. See [this reference](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms179451.aspx). | Just to explain why do you need a full database backup and then the full chain of transaction log (LDF) files up to the point of the incident. Unlike INSERT and DELETE operations, which are fully logged in the LDF files, UPDATE operations are logged minimally - only the changes that are made are logged, but the old and new values are not. When logging UPDATE operations, SQL Server doesn’t log complete before and after row states but only the incremental change that occurred to the row. For example, if a word “log” was updated to word “blog” SQL Server will, in general case, only log an addition of letter “b” at index 0. This is enough for its purpose of ensuring ACID but not enough to easily show before and after states of the row. So, in order to understand what changed really occurred, you have to reconstruct the context in which the change occurred from the rest of transaction log and/or backup and online database data |
16,976 | **Background:**
Using Business Contacts Manager 2010 with SQL 2008.
Master database is hosted through SQL and each computer connects. When the connection is stopped, each computer switches to local copy of the database. When connection is available again, the changes are synced into the master database.
**Issue:**
When syncing the data from local to master, an error occured and all records after the error didn't trasfer the changes and erased the changes from the local database.
Is there any way to retrieve the data that was changed only on the local machine before the sync operation occured?
A transaction log LDF file of the local database copy is the only thing that may have that data in it but didn't have any luck retrieving the data so far. No local backups were made prior to the incident. The only way I believe this can be done is through the LDF file unless there is a way to roll back the local copy to a previous date even without a backup log file being created.
---
Notes: The last backup of the local machine database copy was from October 2011. The master database from the server was backed up much more recently but the information that I'm trying to retrieve is in the "SQL Serve Database Transactions Log File" aka the .LDF file.
So if I restore the local database to the backup from October 2011 could I redo all changes since and up until when the data was lost using the .LDF file? I don't think any recovery mode was ever set or changed from the default settings. Also, the database is not very large, only 500MB, and the data that was lost was only from a notes field and a call-date field for around 100 contacts so maybe its not worth all that work. | 2012/04/24 | [
"https://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/16976",
"https://dba.stackexchange.com",
"https://dba.stackexchange.com/users/8427/"
] | Just to explain why do you need a full database backup and then the full chain of transaction log (LDF) files up to the point of the incident. Unlike INSERT and DELETE operations, which are fully logged in the LDF files, UPDATE operations are logged minimally - only the changes that are made are logged, but the old and new values are not. When logging UPDATE operations, SQL Server doesn’t log complete before and after row states but only the incremental change that occurred to the row. For example, if a word “log” was updated to word “blog” SQL Server will, in general case, only log an addition of letter “b” at index 0. This is enough for its purpose of ensuring ACID but not enough to easily show before and after states of the row. So, in order to understand what changed really occurred, you have to reconstruct the context in which the change occurred from the rest of transaction log and/or backup and online database data | I'm a bit late to the party, but here we go:
If the local database is in SIMPLE recovery, you're basically cooked.
If the local database is in BULK\_LOGGED or FULL, you have a chance if there's an existing full backup from before the data loss.
The first thing you need to do is take a transaction log backup to back up all the transactions that have not yet been backed up. **DO NOT RESTORE A FULL BACKUP OVER THE EXISTING DATABASE UNTIL YOU DO THIS** -- this is your only chance of retrieving the data.
After you've taken the transaction log backup, restore the full backup, and then the transaction log backup you just took with STOPAT to get back to the point in time just before the deletion. Hopefully the transaction log backup covers the entire LSN range since the full backup...
[Restore a Transaction Log Backup](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms177446.aspx) (MSDN) |
15,685,288 | We're having to reboot frequently (once per day) because we're getting a 9001 error from SQL Server on our VPS.
Rebooting seems to resolve the problem, and we're discussing it with our provider.
Q: Does everyone lose their session scope when we reboot? | 2013/03/28 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/15685288",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/111665/"
] | Yes, assuming that you are using ColdFusion's session scope in memory. All memory is cleared when the server is rebooted. Sessions could persist if you are using a database or some other external source.
And for what its worth, the application scope and server scope are also cleared. | Yes. Sessions are server side variables. I tested it just now. |
15,685,288 | We're having to reboot frequently (once per day) because we're getting a 9001 error from SQL Server on our VPS.
Rebooting seems to resolve the problem, and we're discussing it with our provider.
Q: Does everyone lose their session scope when we reboot? | 2013/03/28 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/15685288",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/111665/"
] | Yes, assuming that you are using ColdFusion's session scope in memory. All memory is cleared when the server is rebooted. Sessions could persist if you are using a database or some other external source.
And for what its worth, the application scope and server scope are also cleared. | Miguel-F's answer is correct but here it is right out of the Horse's mouth ([Adobe docs](http://help.adobe.com/en_US/ColdFusion/9.0/Developing/WSc3ff6d0ea77859461172e0811cbec0c35c-7ffb.html)). I googled "coldfusion session server restart" to find it -- 3rd result. The second result was the originally asked Stack Overflow question from 2010.
>
> **Session**: Contains variables that are available for a single client browser for a single browser session in an application.
>
>
> Useful for client-specific information, such as shopping cart
> contents, that you want to persist while the client is visiting your
> application.
>
>
> **Data is stored in memory and times out after a period of inactivity or
> when the server shuts down.**
>
>
> ColdFusion Administrator lets you select between two kinds of session
> management, Standard ColdFusion Session management and J2EE session
> management. For information about types of session management, see
> ColdFusion and J2EE session management.
>
>
> Use the Session scope prefix in the variable name.
>
>
> |
15,685,288 | We're having to reboot frequently (once per day) because we're getting a 9001 error from SQL Server on our VPS.
Rebooting seems to resolve the problem, and we're discussing it with our provider.
Q: Does everyone lose their session scope when we reboot? | 2013/03/28 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/15685288",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/111665/"
] | CF10 on Tomcat has the ability to **save sessions over restarts** according to Charlie Arehart's [Hidden Gems in CF10](http://www.carehart.org/presentations/hidden_gems_in_cf10.pdf).
>
> Perhaps best hidden gem in CF10 (and Tomcat)
>
>
> * Ability to save sessions over restarts. Yes!
> * Some important pros and cons to seriously consider
> * Takes some knowledge of configuration within Tomcat (which you now have)
> * More: <http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/config/manager.html>
> * Need to modify [cf10][instance]\runtime\conf\context.xml
> * Adobe doc’s brief discussion in “Installing CF 10” is confused, sadly
> * See p20, “Enabling persistent session” (sic)
> * Says to uncomment an already uncommented line of XML
> * Key is, if uncommented, MANAGER element must not have blank PATH, so:
> * Can either comment it (it’s not commented by default in CF10, but PATH is blank)
> * Or can set a PATH value. PATH=“sessions.ser” would save sessions to sessions.ser file
> * In [cf10][instance]\runtime\work\Catalina\localhost\tmp
>
>
> CF needs to be restarted after change to take effect
>
>
> * Test: config/restart/create sessions/restart again/test if saved
> * Good news: even complex variables persist (queries, CFCs, structs, etc.)
> * Gotcha: only saves sessions at normal CF shutdown
> * If CF crashes/is killed, sessions are NOT saved/restored
> * But then no different than things are now. Just bad if you “expect” save
> * Also, can be a lot of I/O at shutdown, then startup, esp. if many sessions
> * You may have more sessions than you think, due to spiders, bots, etc.
> * May confuse you: sessions.ser file will not appear while CF is up
> * Is created on shutdown, deleted after startup
>
>
> | Yes, assuming that you are using ColdFusion's session scope in memory. All memory is cleared when the server is rebooted. Sessions could persist if you are using a database or some other external source.
And for what its worth, the application scope and server scope are also cleared. |
15,685,288 | We're having to reboot frequently (once per day) because we're getting a 9001 error from SQL Server on our VPS.
Rebooting seems to resolve the problem, and we're discussing it with our provider.
Q: Does everyone lose their session scope when we reboot? | 2013/03/28 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/15685288",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/111665/"
] | Miguel-F's answer is correct but here it is right out of the Horse's mouth ([Adobe docs](http://help.adobe.com/en_US/ColdFusion/9.0/Developing/WSc3ff6d0ea77859461172e0811cbec0c35c-7ffb.html)). I googled "coldfusion session server restart" to find it -- 3rd result. The second result was the originally asked Stack Overflow question from 2010.
>
> **Session**: Contains variables that are available for a single client browser for a single browser session in an application.
>
>
> Useful for client-specific information, such as shopping cart
> contents, that you want to persist while the client is visiting your
> application.
>
>
> **Data is stored in memory and times out after a period of inactivity or
> when the server shuts down.**
>
>
> ColdFusion Administrator lets you select between two kinds of session
> management, Standard ColdFusion Session management and J2EE session
> management. For information about types of session management, see
> ColdFusion and J2EE session management.
>
>
> Use the Session scope prefix in the variable name.
>
>
> | Yes. Sessions are server side variables. I tested it just now. |
15,685,288 | We're having to reboot frequently (once per day) because we're getting a 9001 error from SQL Server on our VPS.
Rebooting seems to resolve the problem, and we're discussing it with our provider.
Q: Does everyone lose their session scope when we reboot? | 2013/03/28 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/15685288",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/111665/"
] | CF10 on Tomcat has the ability to **save sessions over restarts** according to Charlie Arehart's [Hidden Gems in CF10](http://www.carehart.org/presentations/hidden_gems_in_cf10.pdf).
>
> Perhaps best hidden gem in CF10 (and Tomcat)
>
>
> * Ability to save sessions over restarts. Yes!
> * Some important pros and cons to seriously consider
> * Takes some knowledge of configuration within Tomcat (which you now have)
> * More: <http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/config/manager.html>
> * Need to modify [cf10][instance]\runtime\conf\context.xml
> * Adobe doc’s brief discussion in “Installing CF 10” is confused, sadly
> * See p20, “Enabling persistent session” (sic)
> * Says to uncomment an already uncommented line of XML
> * Key is, if uncommented, MANAGER element must not have blank PATH, so:
> * Can either comment it (it’s not commented by default in CF10, but PATH is blank)
> * Or can set a PATH value. PATH=“sessions.ser” would save sessions to sessions.ser file
> * In [cf10][instance]\runtime\work\Catalina\localhost\tmp
>
>
> CF needs to be restarted after change to take effect
>
>
> * Test: config/restart/create sessions/restart again/test if saved
> * Good news: even complex variables persist (queries, CFCs, structs, etc.)
> * Gotcha: only saves sessions at normal CF shutdown
> * If CF crashes/is killed, sessions are NOT saved/restored
> * But then no different than things are now. Just bad if you “expect” save
> * Also, can be a lot of I/O at shutdown, then startup, esp. if many sessions
> * You may have more sessions than you think, due to spiders, bots, etc.
> * May confuse you: sessions.ser file will not appear while CF is up
> * Is created on shutdown, deleted after startup
>
>
> | Yes. Sessions are server side variables. I tested it just now. |
15,685,288 | We're having to reboot frequently (once per day) because we're getting a 9001 error from SQL Server on our VPS.
Rebooting seems to resolve the problem, and we're discussing it with our provider.
Q: Does everyone lose their session scope when we reboot? | 2013/03/28 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/15685288",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/111665/"
] | CF10 on Tomcat has the ability to **save sessions over restarts** according to Charlie Arehart's [Hidden Gems in CF10](http://www.carehart.org/presentations/hidden_gems_in_cf10.pdf).
>
> Perhaps best hidden gem in CF10 (and Tomcat)
>
>
> * Ability to save sessions over restarts. Yes!
> * Some important pros and cons to seriously consider
> * Takes some knowledge of configuration within Tomcat (which you now have)
> * More: <http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/config/manager.html>
> * Need to modify [cf10][instance]\runtime\conf\context.xml
> * Adobe doc’s brief discussion in “Installing CF 10” is confused, sadly
> * See p20, “Enabling persistent session” (sic)
> * Says to uncomment an already uncommented line of XML
> * Key is, if uncommented, MANAGER element must not have blank PATH, so:
> * Can either comment it (it’s not commented by default in CF10, but PATH is blank)
> * Or can set a PATH value. PATH=“sessions.ser” would save sessions to sessions.ser file
> * In [cf10][instance]\runtime\work\Catalina\localhost\tmp
>
>
> CF needs to be restarted after change to take effect
>
>
> * Test: config/restart/create sessions/restart again/test if saved
> * Good news: even complex variables persist (queries, CFCs, structs, etc.)
> * Gotcha: only saves sessions at normal CF shutdown
> * If CF crashes/is killed, sessions are NOT saved/restored
> * But then no different than things are now. Just bad if you “expect” save
> * Also, can be a lot of I/O at shutdown, then startup, esp. if many sessions
> * You may have more sessions than you think, due to spiders, bots, etc.
> * May confuse you: sessions.ser file will not appear while CF is up
> * Is created on shutdown, deleted after startup
>
>
> | Miguel-F's answer is correct but here it is right out of the Horse's mouth ([Adobe docs](http://help.adobe.com/en_US/ColdFusion/9.0/Developing/WSc3ff6d0ea77859461172e0811cbec0c35c-7ffb.html)). I googled "coldfusion session server restart" to find it -- 3rd result. The second result was the originally asked Stack Overflow question from 2010.
>
> **Session**: Contains variables that are available for a single client browser for a single browser session in an application.
>
>
> Useful for client-specific information, such as shopping cart
> contents, that you want to persist while the client is visiting your
> application.
>
>
> **Data is stored in memory and times out after a period of inactivity or
> when the server shuts down.**
>
>
> ColdFusion Administrator lets you select between two kinds of session
> management, Standard ColdFusion Session management and J2EE session
> management. For information about types of session management, see
> ColdFusion and J2EE session management.
>
>
> Use the Session scope prefix in the variable name.
>
>
> |
14,292,636 | I need to manage a large workflow of ETL tasks, which execution depends on time, data availability or an external event. Some jobs may fail during execution of the workflow and the system should have the ability to restart a failed workflow branch without waiting for whole workflow to finish execution.
Are there any frameworks in python that can handle this?
I see several core functions:
* DAG bulding
* Execution of nodes (run shell cmd with wait,logging etc.)
* Ability to rebuild sub-graph in parent DAG during execution
* Ability to manual execute nodes or sub-graph while parent graph is running
* Suspend graph execution while waiting for external event
* List job queue and job details
Something like [Oozie](http://oozie.apache.org), but more general purpose and in python. | 2013/01/12 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/14292636",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/630933/"
] | 1) You can give [dagobah](https://github.com/thieman/dagobah) a try, as described on its github page: Dagobah is a simple dependency-based job scheduler written in Python. Dagobah allows you to schedule periodic jobs using Cron syntax. Each job then kicks off a series of tasks (subprocesses) in an order defined by a dependency graph you can easily draw with click-and-drag in the web interface. This is the most lightweight scheduler project comparing with the three followings.
2) In terms of ETL tasks, [luigi](https://github.com/spotify/luigi) which is open sourced by Spotify focus more on hadoop jobs, as described: Luigi is a Python module that helps you build complex pipelines of batch jobs. It handles dependency resolution, workflow management, visualization etc. It also comes with Hadoop support built in.
Both of the two modules are mainly written in Python and web interfaces are included for convenient management.
As far as I know, 'luigi' doesn't provide a scheduler module for job tasks, which I think is necessary for ETL tasks. But using 'luigi' is more easy to write map-reduce code in Python and thousands of tasks every day at Spotify run depend on it.
3) Like luigi, Pinterest open sourced their a workflow manager named [Pinball](https://github.com/pinterest/pinball). Pinball’s architecture follows a master-worker (or master-client to avoid naming confusion with a special type of client that we introduce below) paradigm where the stateful central master acts as a source of truth about the current system state to stateless clients. And it integrate hadoop/hive/spark jobs smoothly.
4) [Airflow](https://github.com/airbnb/airflow), yet another dag job schedule project open sourced by Airbnb, is quite like Luigi and Pinball. The backend is build on Flask, Celery and so on. According to the [example job code](https://github.com/airbnb/airflow/tree/master/airflow/example_dags), Airflow is both powerful and easy to use by my side.
Last but not least, Luigi, Airflow and Pinball may be more widely used. And there is a great comparison among these three: <http://bytepawn.com/luigi-airflow-pinball.html> | Have you looked at [Ruffus](http://www.ruffus.org.uk/index.html)?
I have no experience with it but it appears to do some of the items on your list. It also looks quite hackable so you might be able to implement your other requirements yourself. |
14,292,636 | I need to manage a large workflow of ETL tasks, which execution depends on time, data availability or an external event. Some jobs may fail during execution of the workflow and the system should have the ability to restart a failed workflow branch without waiting for whole workflow to finish execution.
Are there any frameworks in python that can handle this?
I see several core functions:
* DAG bulding
* Execution of nodes (run shell cmd with wait,logging etc.)
* Ability to rebuild sub-graph in parent DAG during execution
* Ability to manual execute nodes or sub-graph while parent graph is running
* Suspend graph execution while waiting for external event
* List job queue and job details
Something like [Oozie](http://oozie.apache.org), but more general purpose and in python. | 2013/01/12 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/14292636",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/630933/"
] | There are a ton of these; everyone seems to write their own. There is a good list at <https://github.com/common-workflow-language/common-workflow-language/wiki/Existing-Workflow-systems>. Which includes systems that originate in both industry and academia. | Have you looked at [Ruffus](http://www.ruffus.org.uk/index.html)?
I have no experience with it but it appears to do some of the items on your list. It also looks quite hackable so you might be able to implement your other requirements yourself. |
14,292,636 | I need to manage a large workflow of ETL tasks, which execution depends on time, data availability or an external event. Some jobs may fail during execution of the workflow and the system should have the ability to restart a failed workflow branch without waiting for whole workflow to finish execution.
Are there any frameworks in python that can handle this?
I see several core functions:
* DAG bulding
* Execution of nodes (run shell cmd with wait,logging etc.)
* Ability to rebuild sub-graph in parent DAG during execution
* Ability to manual execute nodes or sub-graph while parent graph is running
* Suspend graph execution while waiting for external event
* List job queue and job details
Something like [Oozie](http://oozie.apache.org), but more general purpose and in python. | 2013/01/12 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/14292636",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/630933/"
] | 1) You can give [dagobah](https://github.com/thieman/dagobah) a try, as described on its github page: Dagobah is a simple dependency-based job scheduler written in Python. Dagobah allows you to schedule periodic jobs using Cron syntax. Each job then kicks off a series of tasks (subprocesses) in an order defined by a dependency graph you can easily draw with click-and-drag in the web interface. This is the most lightweight scheduler project comparing with the three followings.
2) In terms of ETL tasks, [luigi](https://github.com/spotify/luigi) which is open sourced by Spotify focus more on hadoop jobs, as described: Luigi is a Python module that helps you build complex pipelines of batch jobs. It handles dependency resolution, workflow management, visualization etc. It also comes with Hadoop support built in.
Both of the two modules are mainly written in Python and web interfaces are included for convenient management.
As far as I know, 'luigi' doesn't provide a scheduler module for job tasks, which I think is necessary for ETL tasks. But using 'luigi' is more easy to write map-reduce code in Python and thousands of tasks every day at Spotify run depend on it.
3) Like luigi, Pinterest open sourced their a workflow manager named [Pinball](https://github.com/pinterest/pinball). Pinball’s architecture follows a master-worker (or master-client to avoid naming confusion with a special type of client that we introduce below) paradigm where the stateful central master acts as a source of truth about the current system state to stateless clients. And it integrate hadoop/hive/spark jobs smoothly.
4) [Airflow](https://github.com/airbnb/airflow), yet another dag job schedule project open sourced by Airbnb, is quite like Luigi and Pinball. The backend is build on Flask, Celery and so on. According to the [example job code](https://github.com/airbnb/airflow/tree/master/airflow/example_dags), Airflow is both powerful and easy to use by my side.
Last but not least, Luigi, Airflow and Pinball may be more widely used. And there is a great comparison among these three: <http://bytepawn.com/luigi-airflow-pinball.html> | There are a ton of these; everyone seems to write their own. There is a good list at <https://github.com/common-workflow-language/common-workflow-language/wiki/Existing-Workflow-systems>. Which includes systems that originate in both industry and academia. |
33,744 | Layman here with an affinity for astronomy, space and everything associated with it. I'm a big fan of the space oriented programs on the Discovery and Science channels and I was watching an episode recently that got me to thinking about the origins of Dark Matter (DM) and Dark Energy (DE). Do any of you know if any thought has been given to the creation of DM and DE as byproducts of space being created? As I understand it, as the universe expands it essentially creates *space* where nothing was before. To be honest, I know nothing about what that even means: creating *space* where nothing was before. | 2019/10/22 | [
"https://astronomy.stackexchange.com/questions/33744",
"https://astronomy.stackexchange.com",
"https://astronomy.stackexchange.com/users/14261/"
] | Your question is quite complex, since dark matter and dark energy are two different things, that only have in common that they are called "dark" and are hypothetical quantities. They are hypothetical, because we only defined them as mathematical quantities to make physical laws, we invented, comply with the observations.
what is the origin of dark matter? In 1930 Fritz Zwicky observed the coma cluster. The coma cluster is a cluster of galaxies that move amongst each other based on their gravitational pull to one another. He found to his surprise that the galaxies in this cluster were moving faster than the gravitational pull based on their visible mass would predict. Since the visible mass of the galaxies couldn't explain the movement of the galaxies, he suggested there was another, yet unseen, matter in that cluster that contributed to the gravitational pull. He called it "Dunkle Materie" (he was Swiss) - Dark Matter. Later studies on the rotation of galaxies also showed that the rotational speed of the galaxies couldn't be explained by the visible matter in those galaxies, so another dark matter needed to be present to explain for the anomaly.
after adding the hypothetical dark matter in the laws of nature many things could be explained on the theoretical level. The forming of galaxies clusters in the current observable universe and the fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background could be explained with dark matter. The theory here brings the existing physical laws in accordance with the current observation. The problem is that dark matter has not yet been proven to exist in experiments. It has not been observed and many theories exist on what that dark matter could be.
Dark Energy has a different history, leading to a similar thing. When Einstein laid out his theory of general relativity he included in his field equations a cosmological constant, lambda, to be able to come to a static universe based on his equations. He assumed the constant to be zero and therefore come to a static universe. A negative constant would mean the universe would shrink and a positive constant would mean the universe would expand.
Unfortunately, Hubble showed that the universe was not static, but expanding and in the 1990's measurements showed this expansion was accelerating. Now the cosmological constant was not zero and an explanation needed to be found why the universe was expanding ever faster. For this expansion an energy is needed that counters the gravitational pull of the (dark) matter in the universe and increases with each expansion of this universe. Later observations from a supernova in 1998 and the Boomerang and Maxima experiments on the cosmic microwave background gave strong evidence of the existence of dark energy. This is, when we believe the standard model of cosmology is right.
The problem with dark energy is that in the most cases the laws of cosmology are correct and explain the universe. This means that dark energy must be real, or the cosmological laws must be altered. Currently, the search for dark energy is going on. The definition of dark energy in the models explains the expansion in of the universe and also the fast expansion during the early years of the universe. However, dark energy is a hypothetical quantity and has not been observed yet.
I hope this gave you a brief history how dark matter and dark energy have come into astrophysics. Don't mix it up with the dark force. That's not even hypothetical and only exists in certain movies. | Dark Energy is exactly that (according to many theories) [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy) has a decent explanation. Every cubic meter of space contains the same amount of dark energy and that doesn't change even when space expands or contracts over time.
Dark matter is something quite different. As far as we can tell it behaves pretty much like ordinary matter, except that it passes freely through other matter and itself, and does not interact with electromagnetic radiation. It moves around under the influence of gravity, and becomes more dilute as space expands. |
41 | What is a comprehensive definition of Philosophy? Alternatively, is it impossible to define Philosophy? This is a pseudo-[meta](https://philosophy.meta.stackexchange.com/) question, but it seems like it belongs here. | 2011/06/07 | [
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/41",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/users/24/"
] | Philosophy is the practice of discovering new ideas and analyzing claims. The two parts can't themselves claim to be "philosophy" on their own since the very name means **lover** of wisdom. Can the collector of first editions who never reads them be considered a lover of books? What about the woman who reads every book she finds at the library, but never owns one? What about the man who reads romance novels, but will never look at non-fiction? What about the reviewer who reads books for their job, but never for their own pleasure. Or the reader who never finds fault in what they read? No! The lover of books will not despise them in these ways. In the same way, the true philosopher will not tire of seeking the truth.
It's [been](http://thecriticalthinker.wordpress.com/2009/01/12/plato-vs-aristotle/) [claimed](http://artofmanliness.com/2010/02/04/man-knowledge-the-greek-philosophers/) that the work of philosophy can been distilled into the conflict between [Plato and Aristotle](http://books.google.com/books/about/Aristotle_s_Children.html?id=0EaIUxubxBoC). Roughly speaking, the difference between the two can be found in the "discovery" portion of philosophy and thinkers of all sorts may be divided into the Platonic and the Aristotelian camps. If you think from the abstract to the concrete (top-down) and believe that given a sufficient set of axioms you can deduce all truth, then Plato is your man. On the other hand, if you start with observations of the world and use inductive reasoning to discover truth (bottom-up), you are a philosophical child of Aristotle. Both men pioneered new territory in the tools of philosophy (abstract reasoning, logic, preservation of the ideas of previous thinkers, skepticism, and so on), but each remains relevant long after their specific ideas were shown to be wrong. We remember them because of their unique approaches to how we discover truth.
All ages seem to have their controversies which seem to fall on lines drawn between the two Greek philosophers: Anselm of Canterbury v. Gaunilo of Marmoutiers, Bertrand Russell v. Kurt Gödel, René Descartes v. Blaise Pascal, Leonhard Euler and Daniel Bernoulli v. Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff, Bishop Berkeley v. Samuel Johnson, Immanuel Kant v. David Hume, etc. That's not to say philosophy hasn't moved on, but rather each bit of new ground has features that resemble the philosophical territory covered by those great Athenians from the 4th-century BC.
Much of the thinking that once fell under the banner of Philosophy has been pushed into more specialized disciplines. Practically every department at universities can be traced back to philosophy at some point in the distant past. Even the study of music (studied by Pythagoras and his followers), poetry (Aristotle wrote the book on it), political science (Plato's Republic is standard reading in both departments), and law ([the Socratic method](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socratic_method#Law_schools) plays an important part in many law schools) can be seen as sub-disciplines of philosophy. If Mathematics is "The Queen of the Sciences"1, then Philosophy is her King.
---
Footnote:
1) It was too much a stretch to use the original Queen: theology. Thankfully Carl Friedrich Gauss reappropriated the term. | Philosophy is the study, and use, of logic and logical reasoning. Philosophy forms the foundation for the principles of scientific reasoning, deductive reasoning, formal debates, and similar. |
41 | What is a comprehensive definition of Philosophy? Alternatively, is it impossible to define Philosophy? This is a pseudo-[meta](https://philosophy.meta.stackexchange.com/) question, but it seems like it belongs here. | 2011/06/07 | [
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/41",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/users/24/"
] | Philosophy is the practice of discovering new ideas and analyzing claims. The two parts can't themselves claim to be "philosophy" on their own since the very name means **lover** of wisdom. Can the collector of first editions who never reads them be considered a lover of books? What about the woman who reads every book she finds at the library, but never owns one? What about the man who reads romance novels, but will never look at non-fiction? What about the reviewer who reads books for their job, but never for their own pleasure. Or the reader who never finds fault in what they read? No! The lover of books will not despise them in these ways. In the same way, the true philosopher will not tire of seeking the truth.
It's [been](http://thecriticalthinker.wordpress.com/2009/01/12/plato-vs-aristotle/) [claimed](http://artofmanliness.com/2010/02/04/man-knowledge-the-greek-philosophers/) that the work of philosophy can been distilled into the conflict between [Plato and Aristotle](http://books.google.com/books/about/Aristotle_s_Children.html?id=0EaIUxubxBoC). Roughly speaking, the difference between the two can be found in the "discovery" portion of philosophy and thinkers of all sorts may be divided into the Platonic and the Aristotelian camps. If you think from the abstract to the concrete (top-down) and believe that given a sufficient set of axioms you can deduce all truth, then Plato is your man. On the other hand, if you start with observations of the world and use inductive reasoning to discover truth (bottom-up), you are a philosophical child of Aristotle. Both men pioneered new territory in the tools of philosophy (abstract reasoning, logic, preservation of the ideas of previous thinkers, skepticism, and so on), but each remains relevant long after their specific ideas were shown to be wrong. We remember them because of their unique approaches to how we discover truth.
All ages seem to have their controversies which seem to fall on lines drawn between the two Greek philosophers: Anselm of Canterbury v. Gaunilo of Marmoutiers, Bertrand Russell v. Kurt Gödel, René Descartes v. Blaise Pascal, Leonhard Euler and Daniel Bernoulli v. Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff, Bishop Berkeley v. Samuel Johnson, Immanuel Kant v. David Hume, etc. That's not to say philosophy hasn't moved on, but rather each bit of new ground has features that resemble the philosophical territory covered by those great Athenians from the 4th-century BC.
Much of the thinking that once fell under the banner of Philosophy has been pushed into more specialized disciplines. Practically every department at universities can be traced back to philosophy at some point in the distant past. Even the study of music (studied by Pythagoras and his followers), poetry (Aristotle wrote the book on it), political science (Plato's Republic is standard reading in both departments), and law ([the Socratic method](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socratic_method#Law_schools) plays an important part in many law schools) can be seen as sub-disciplines of philosophy. If Mathematics is "The Queen of the Sciences"1, then Philosophy is her King.
---
Footnote:
1) It was too much a stretch to use the original Queen: theology. Thankfully Carl Friedrich Gauss reappropriated the term. | I think the study of philosophy can get accurately said to seek for the most comprehensive understanding of things. Epistemology seeks the most comprehensive understanding of knowledge. Metaphysics seeks for the most comprehensive understanding of reality. Ontology seeks for the most comprehensive understanding of being or existence. Ethics seeks for the most comprehensive understanding of proper conduct. Aesthetics seeks for the most comprehensive understanding of art. Logic seeks for the most comprehensive understanding of reasoning (hence the plurality of logics, and symbolic logic as a formal discipline). And the philosophy of particular disciplines like the philosophy of biology, physics, etc. seeks for the most comprehensive understanding of those disciplines. |
41 | What is a comprehensive definition of Philosophy? Alternatively, is it impossible to define Philosophy? This is a pseudo-[meta](https://philosophy.meta.stackexchange.com/) question, but it seems like it belongs here. | 2011/06/07 | [
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/41",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/users/24/"
] | Philosophy is the practice of discovering new ideas and analyzing claims. The two parts can't themselves claim to be "philosophy" on their own since the very name means **lover** of wisdom. Can the collector of first editions who never reads them be considered a lover of books? What about the woman who reads every book she finds at the library, but never owns one? What about the man who reads romance novels, but will never look at non-fiction? What about the reviewer who reads books for their job, but never for their own pleasure. Or the reader who never finds fault in what they read? No! The lover of books will not despise them in these ways. In the same way, the true philosopher will not tire of seeking the truth.
It's [been](http://thecriticalthinker.wordpress.com/2009/01/12/plato-vs-aristotle/) [claimed](http://artofmanliness.com/2010/02/04/man-knowledge-the-greek-philosophers/) that the work of philosophy can been distilled into the conflict between [Plato and Aristotle](http://books.google.com/books/about/Aristotle_s_Children.html?id=0EaIUxubxBoC). Roughly speaking, the difference between the two can be found in the "discovery" portion of philosophy and thinkers of all sorts may be divided into the Platonic and the Aristotelian camps. If you think from the abstract to the concrete (top-down) and believe that given a sufficient set of axioms you can deduce all truth, then Plato is your man. On the other hand, if you start with observations of the world and use inductive reasoning to discover truth (bottom-up), you are a philosophical child of Aristotle. Both men pioneered new territory in the tools of philosophy (abstract reasoning, logic, preservation of the ideas of previous thinkers, skepticism, and so on), but each remains relevant long after their specific ideas were shown to be wrong. We remember them because of their unique approaches to how we discover truth.
All ages seem to have their controversies which seem to fall on lines drawn between the two Greek philosophers: Anselm of Canterbury v. Gaunilo of Marmoutiers, Bertrand Russell v. Kurt Gödel, René Descartes v. Blaise Pascal, Leonhard Euler and Daniel Bernoulli v. Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff, Bishop Berkeley v. Samuel Johnson, Immanuel Kant v. David Hume, etc. That's not to say philosophy hasn't moved on, but rather each bit of new ground has features that resemble the philosophical territory covered by those great Athenians from the 4th-century BC.
Much of the thinking that once fell under the banner of Philosophy has been pushed into more specialized disciplines. Practically every department at universities can be traced back to philosophy at some point in the distant past. Even the study of music (studied by Pythagoras and his followers), poetry (Aristotle wrote the book on it), political science (Plato's Republic is standard reading in both departments), and law ([the Socratic method](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socratic_method#Law_schools) plays an important part in many law schools) can be seen as sub-disciplines of philosophy. If Mathematics is "The Queen of the Sciences"1, then Philosophy is her King.
---
Footnote:
1) It was too much a stretch to use the original Queen: theology. Thankfully Carl Friedrich Gauss reappropriated the term. | Here are some *popular definitions of philosophy*.
The word "philosophy" comes from the Greek φιλοσοφία (philosophia), which literally means "**love of wisdom**"
*[Philosophy](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy) is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. It is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational argument.*
Webster says,
***Philosophy** is the love of, or the search for, wisdom or knowledge. It's theory or logical analysis of the principles underlying conduct, thought, knowledge, and the nature of the universe"*
Another [dictionary](http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/philosophy?show=0&t=1307827998) says,
*Philosophy is the most basic beliefs, concepts, and attitudes of an individual or group*
[More...](http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=philosophy&searchmode=none) |
41 | What is a comprehensive definition of Philosophy? Alternatively, is it impossible to define Philosophy? This is a pseudo-[meta](https://philosophy.meta.stackexchange.com/) question, but it seems like it belongs here. | 2011/06/07 | [
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/41",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/users/24/"
] | I think Wittgenstein is very illuminating in this respect. Some relevant quotations, dealing with some aspects of the question (PI stands for *Philosophical Investigations*):
>
> PI§109 [...] Philosophy is a battle against the bewitchment of our intelligence by means of our language.
>
>
> PI§126 [...] One might also give the name "philosophy" to what is possible *before* all new discoveries and inventions.
>
>
> PI§127 The work of the philosopher consists in assembling reminders for a particular purpose.
>
>
>
And as far as philosophy speaking of itself posing a problem:
>
> PI§121 One might think: if philosophy speaks of the use of the word "philosophy" there must be a second-order philosophy. But it is not so: it is, rather, like the case of orthography, which deals with the word "orthography" among others without being second-order
>
>
>
In general I highly recommend anyone troubled by the question 'What is philosophy?' to read PI§89-138 - one of the most brilliant self-reflections on the purpose and nature of philosophy in the history of thought. Of course you have to be minimally aware of the context of Wittgenstein's thought, but I feel these passages are elucidatory nonetheless. | Philosophy is the discipline that undertakes to realize most completely the ideal of consistent answers to all possible questions and a logical interconnection of these answers. |
41 | What is a comprehensive definition of Philosophy? Alternatively, is it impossible to define Philosophy? This is a pseudo-[meta](https://philosophy.meta.stackexchange.com/) question, but it seems like it belongs here. | 2011/06/07 | [
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/41",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/users/24/"
] | Philosophy is the practice of discovering new ideas and analyzing claims. The two parts can't themselves claim to be "philosophy" on their own since the very name means **lover** of wisdom. Can the collector of first editions who never reads them be considered a lover of books? What about the woman who reads every book she finds at the library, but never owns one? What about the man who reads romance novels, but will never look at non-fiction? What about the reviewer who reads books for their job, but never for their own pleasure. Or the reader who never finds fault in what they read? No! The lover of books will not despise them in these ways. In the same way, the true philosopher will not tire of seeking the truth.
It's [been](http://thecriticalthinker.wordpress.com/2009/01/12/plato-vs-aristotle/) [claimed](http://artofmanliness.com/2010/02/04/man-knowledge-the-greek-philosophers/) that the work of philosophy can been distilled into the conflict between [Plato and Aristotle](http://books.google.com/books/about/Aristotle_s_Children.html?id=0EaIUxubxBoC). Roughly speaking, the difference between the two can be found in the "discovery" portion of philosophy and thinkers of all sorts may be divided into the Platonic and the Aristotelian camps. If you think from the abstract to the concrete (top-down) and believe that given a sufficient set of axioms you can deduce all truth, then Plato is your man. On the other hand, if you start with observations of the world and use inductive reasoning to discover truth (bottom-up), you are a philosophical child of Aristotle. Both men pioneered new territory in the tools of philosophy (abstract reasoning, logic, preservation of the ideas of previous thinkers, skepticism, and so on), but each remains relevant long after their specific ideas were shown to be wrong. We remember them because of their unique approaches to how we discover truth.
All ages seem to have their controversies which seem to fall on lines drawn between the two Greek philosophers: Anselm of Canterbury v. Gaunilo of Marmoutiers, Bertrand Russell v. Kurt Gödel, René Descartes v. Blaise Pascal, Leonhard Euler and Daniel Bernoulli v. Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff, Bishop Berkeley v. Samuel Johnson, Immanuel Kant v. David Hume, etc. That's not to say philosophy hasn't moved on, but rather each bit of new ground has features that resemble the philosophical territory covered by those great Athenians from the 4th-century BC.
Much of the thinking that once fell under the banner of Philosophy has been pushed into more specialized disciplines. Practically every department at universities can be traced back to philosophy at some point in the distant past. Even the study of music (studied by Pythagoras and his followers), poetry (Aristotle wrote the book on it), political science (Plato's Republic is standard reading in both departments), and law ([the Socratic method](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socratic_method#Law_schools) plays an important part in many law schools) can be seen as sub-disciplines of philosophy. If Mathematics is "The Queen of the Sciences"1, then Philosophy is her King.
---
Footnote:
1) It was too much a stretch to use the original Queen: theology. Thankfully Carl Friedrich Gauss reappropriated the term. | Philosophy is just a word, like many others. As a 'science' it has no scope, and it's entirely based on the difficulties we have in understanding our own language. Look around, there are no genuine philosophical problems. We define words, like "soul" or "God" and then, we talk endlessly about them, that's Philosophy. |
41 | What is a comprehensive definition of Philosophy? Alternatively, is it impossible to define Philosophy? This is a pseudo-[meta](https://philosophy.meta.stackexchange.com/) question, but it seems like it belongs here. | 2011/06/07 | [
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/41",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/users/24/"
] | Philosophy is the practice of discovering new ideas and analyzing claims. The two parts can't themselves claim to be "philosophy" on their own since the very name means **lover** of wisdom. Can the collector of first editions who never reads them be considered a lover of books? What about the woman who reads every book she finds at the library, but never owns one? What about the man who reads romance novels, but will never look at non-fiction? What about the reviewer who reads books for their job, but never for their own pleasure. Or the reader who never finds fault in what they read? No! The lover of books will not despise them in these ways. In the same way, the true philosopher will not tire of seeking the truth.
It's [been](http://thecriticalthinker.wordpress.com/2009/01/12/plato-vs-aristotle/) [claimed](http://artofmanliness.com/2010/02/04/man-knowledge-the-greek-philosophers/) that the work of philosophy can been distilled into the conflict between [Plato and Aristotle](http://books.google.com/books/about/Aristotle_s_Children.html?id=0EaIUxubxBoC). Roughly speaking, the difference between the two can be found in the "discovery" portion of philosophy and thinkers of all sorts may be divided into the Platonic and the Aristotelian camps. If you think from the abstract to the concrete (top-down) and believe that given a sufficient set of axioms you can deduce all truth, then Plato is your man. On the other hand, if you start with observations of the world and use inductive reasoning to discover truth (bottom-up), you are a philosophical child of Aristotle. Both men pioneered new territory in the tools of philosophy (abstract reasoning, logic, preservation of the ideas of previous thinkers, skepticism, and so on), but each remains relevant long after their specific ideas were shown to be wrong. We remember them because of their unique approaches to how we discover truth.
All ages seem to have their controversies which seem to fall on lines drawn between the two Greek philosophers: Anselm of Canterbury v. Gaunilo of Marmoutiers, Bertrand Russell v. Kurt Gödel, René Descartes v. Blaise Pascal, Leonhard Euler and Daniel Bernoulli v. Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff, Bishop Berkeley v. Samuel Johnson, Immanuel Kant v. David Hume, etc. That's not to say philosophy hasn't moved on, but rather each bit of new ground has features that resemble the philosophical territory covered by those great Athenians from the 4th-century BC.
Much of the thinking that once fell under the banner of Philosophy has been pushed into more specialized disciplines. Practically every department at universities can be traced back to philosophy at some point in the distant past. Even the study of music (studied by Pythagoras and his followers), poetry (Aristotle wrote the book on it), political science (Plato's Republic is standard reading in both departments), and law ([the Socratic method](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socratic_method#Law_schools) plays an important part in many law schools) can be seen as sub-disciplines of philosophy. If Mathematics is "The Queen of the Sciences"1, then Philosophy is her King.
---
Footnote:
1) It was too much a stretch to use the original Queen: theology. Thankfully Carl Friedrich Gauss reappropriated the term. | Philosophy is the discipline that undertakes to realize most completely the ideal of consistent answers to all possible questions and a logical interconnection of these answers. |
41 | What is a comprehensive definition of Philosophy? Alternatively, is it impossible to define Philosophy? This is a pseudo-[meta](https://philosophy.meta.stackexchange.com/) question, but it seems like it belongs here. | 2011/06/07 | [
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/41",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/users/24/"
] | I think Wittgenstein is very illuminating in this respect. Some relevant quotations, dealing with some aspects of the question (PI stands for *Philosophical Investigations*):
>
> PI§109 [...] Philosophy is a battle against the bewitchment of our intelligence by means of our language.
>
>
> PI§126 [...] One might also give the name "philosophy" to what is possible *before* all new discoveries and inventions.
>
>
> PI§127 The work of the philosopher consists in assembling reminders for a particular purpose.
>
>
>
And as far as philosophy speaking of itself posing a problem:
>
> PI§121 One might think: if philosophy speaks of the use of the word "philosophy" there must be a second-order philosophy. But it is not so: it is, rather, like the case of orthography, which deals with the word "orthography" among others without being second-order
>
>
>
In general I highly recommend anyone troubled by the question 'What is philosophy?' to read PI§89-138 - one of the most brilliant self-reflections on the purpose and nature of philosophy in the history of thought. Of course you have to be minimally aware of the context of Wittgenstein's thought, but I feel these passages are elucidatory nonetheless. | Philosophy is the study, and use, of logic and logical reasoning. Philosophy forms the foundation for the principles of scientific reasoning, deductive reasoning, formal debates, and similar. |
41 | What is a comprehensive definition of Philosophy? Alternatively, is it impossible to define Philosophy? This is a pseudo-[meta](https://philosophy.meta.stackexchange.com/) question, but it seems like it belongs here. | 2011/06/07 | [
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/41",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/users/24/"
] | I think Wittgenstein is very illuminating in this respect. Some relevant quotations, dealing with some aspects of the question (PI stands for *Philosophical Investigations*):
>
> PI§109 [...] Philosophy is a battle against the bewitchment of our intelligence by means of our language.
>
>
> PI§126 [...] One might also give the name "philosophy" to what is possible *before* all new discoveries and inventions.
>
>
> PI§127 The work of the philosopher consists in assembling reminders for a particular purpose.
>
>
>
And as far as philosophy speaking of itself posing a problem:
>
> PI§121 One might think: if philosophy speaks of the use of the word "philosophy" there must be a second-order philosophy. But it is not so: it is, rather, like the case of orthography, which deals with the word "orthography" among others without being second-order
>
>
>
In general I highly recommend anyone troubled by the question 'What is philosophy?' to read PI§89-138 - one of the most brilliant self-reflections on the purpose and nature of philosophy in the history of thought. Of course you have to be minimally aware of the context of Wittgenstein's thought, but I feel these passages are elucidatory nonetheless. | Philosophy is just a word, like many others. As a 'science' it has no scope, and it's entirely based on the difficulties we have in understanding our own language. Look around, there are no genuine philosophical problems. We define words, like "soul" or "God" and then, we talk endlessly about them, that's Philosophy. |
41 | What is a comprehensive definition of Philosophy? Alternatively, is it impossible to define Philosophy? This is a pseudo-[meta](https://philosophy.meta.stackexchange.com/) question, but it seems like it belongs here. | 2011/06/07 | [
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/41",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/users/24/"
] | I think Wittgenstein is very illuminating in this respect. Some relevant quotations, dealing with some aspects of the question (PI stands for *Philosophical Investigations*):
>
> PI§109 [...] Philosophy is a battle against the bewitchment of our intelligence by means of our language.
>
>
> PI§126 [...] One might also give the name "philosophy" to what is possible *before* all new discoveries and inventions.
>
>
> PI§127 The work of the philosopher consists in assembling reminders for a particular purpose.
>
>
>
And as far as philosophy speaking of itself posing a problem:
>
> PI§121 One might think: if philosophy speaks of the use of the word "philosophy" there must be a second-order philosophy. But it is not so: it is, rather, like the case of orthography, which deals with the word "orthography" among others without being second-order
>
>
>
In general I highly recommend anyone troubled by the question 'What is philosophy?' to read PI§89-138 - one of the most brilliant self-reflections on the purpose and nature of philosophy in the history of thought. Of course you have to be minimally aware of the context of Wittgenstein's thought, but I feel these passages are elucidatory nonetheless. | Here are some *popular definitions of philosophy*.
The word "philosophy" comes from the Greek φιλοσοφία (philosophia), which literally means "**love of wisdom**"
*[Philosophy](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy) is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. It is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational argument.*
Webster says,
***Philosophy** is the love of, or the search for, wisdom or knowledge. It's theory or logical analysis of the principles underlying conduct, thought, knowledge, and the nature of the universe"*
Another [dictionary](http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/philosophy?show=0&t=1307827998) says,
*Philosophy is the most basic beliefs, concepts, and attitudes of an individual or group*
[More...](http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=philosophy&searchmode=none) |
41 | What is a comprehensive definition of Philosophy? Alternatively, is it impossible to define Philosophy? This is a pseudo-[meta](https://philosophy.meta.stackexchange.com/) question, but it seems like it belongs here. | 2011/06/07 | [
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/41",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com",
"https://philosophy.stackexchange.com/users/24/"
] | Philosophy is the practice of discovering new ideas and analyzing claims. The two parts can't themselves claim to be "philosophy" on their own since the very name means **lover** of wisdom. Can the collector of first editions who never reads them be considered a lover of books? What about the woman who reads every book she finds at the library, but never owns one? What about the man who reads romance novels, but will never look at non-fiction? What about the reviewer who reads books for their job, but never for their own pleasure. Or the reader who never finds fault in what they read? No! The lover of books will not despise them in these ways. In the same way, the true philosopher will not tire of seeking the truth.
It's [been](http://thecriticalthinker.wordpress.com/2009/01/12/plato-vs-aristotle/) [claimed](http://artofmanliness.com/2010/02/04/man-knowledge-the-greek-philosophers/) that the work of philosophy can been distilled into the conflict between [Plato and Aristotle](http://books.google.com/books/about/Aristotle_s_Children.html?id=0EaIUxubxBoC). Roughly speaking, the difference between the two can be found in the "discovery" portion of philosophy and thinkers of all sorts may be divided into the Platonic and the Aristotelian camps. If you think from the abstract to the concrete (top-down) and believe that given a sufficient set of axioms you can deduce all truth, then Plato is your man. On the other hand, if you start with observations of the world and use inductive reasoning to discover truth (bottom-up), you are a philosophical child of Aristotle. Both men pioneered new territory in the tools of philosophy (abstract reasoning, logic, preservation of the ideas of previous thinkers, skepticism, and so on), but each remains relevant long after their specific ideas were shown to be wrong. We remember them because of their unique approaches to how we discover truth.
All ages seem to have their controversies which seem to fall on lines drawn between the two Greek philosophers: Anselm of Canterbury v. Gaunilo of Marmoutiers, Bertrand Russell v. Kurt Gödel, René Descartes v. Blaise Pascal, Leonhard Euler and Daniel Bernoulli v. Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff, Bishop Berkeley v. Samuel Johnson, Immanuel Kant v. David Hume, etc. That's not to say philosophy hasn't moved on, but rather each bit of new ground has features that resemble the philosophical territory covered by those great Athenians from the 4th-century BC.
Much of the thinking that once fell under the banner of Philosophy has been pushed into more specialized disciplines. Practically every department at universities can be traced back to philosophy at some point in the distant past. Even the study of music (studied by Pythagoras and his followers), poetry (Aristotle wrote the book on it), political science (Plato's Republic is standard reading in both departments), and law ([the Socratic method](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socratic_method#Law_schools) plays an important part in many law schools) can be seen as sub-disciplines of philosophy. If Mathematics is "The Queen of the Sciences"1, then Philosophy is her King.
---
Footnote:
1) It was too much a stretch to use the original Queen: theology. Thankfully Carl Friedrich Gauss reappropriated the term. | I think Wittgenstein is very illuminating in this respect. Some relevant quotations, dealing with some aspects of the question (PI stands for *Philosophical Investigations*):
>
> PI§109 [...] Philosophy is a battle against the bewitchment of our intelligence by means of our language.
>
>
> PI§126 [...] One might also give the name "philosophy" to what is possible *before* all new discoveries and inventions.
>
>
> PI§127 The work of the philosopher consists in assembling reminders for a particular purpose.
>
>
>
And as far as philosophy speaking of itself posing a problem:
>
> PI§121 One might think: if philosophy speaks of the use of the word "philosophy" there must be a second-order philosophy. But it is not so: it is, rather, like the case of orthography, which deals with the word "orthography" among others without being second-order
>
>
>
In general I highly recommend anyone troubled by the question 'What is philosophy?' to read PI§89-138 - one of the most brilliant self-reflections on the purpose and nature of philosophy in the history of thought. Of course you have to be minimally aware of the context of Wittgenstein's thought, but I feel these passages are elucidatory nonetheless. |
355,214 | What do you call it when your mind starts examining things automatically because of being exposed to these things in the past. This is not intentional thinking nor wandering but rather an automatic response in your mind
>
> John has quiet time at home and wants to just relax, but he can't stop his mind ... the events of the day.
>
>
>
Using *Reflect and Review* make the thinking seem voluntary when I am trying to convey the involuntary aspect of it. | 2016/10/25 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/355214",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/201282/"
] | The word that first came to my mind was:
[**Reliving**](https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/relive)
>
> live through (an experience or feeling, especially an unpleasant one)
> again in one's imagination or memory. "he broke down sobbing as he
> relived the attack"
>
>
> | "...can't stop his mind **reviewing** the events of the day".
**Review:** (*verb*) To review means to look back over something for evaluation or memory. (vocabulary.com) |
355,214 | What do you call it when your mind starts examining things automatically because of being exposed to these things in the past. This is not intentional thinking nor wandering but rather an automatic response in your mind
>
> John has quiet time at home and wants to just relax, but he can't stop his mind ... the events of the day.
>
>
>
Using *Reflect and Review* make the thinking seem voluntary when I am trying to convey the involuntary aspect of it. | 2016/10/25 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/355214",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/201282/"
] | The word you are looking for might be '[**reminisce**](https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/reminisce)' which means
>
> Indulge in enjoyable recollection of past events. ‘*they reminisced
> about their summers abroad*’
>
>
>
[Oxford Online Dictionary] | Words that can fit
[regurgitate](http://www.dictionary.com/browse/regurgitate)
>
> verb (used with object)
>
>
> 2.
> to cause to surge or rush back; vomit.
>
>
> 3.
> to give back or repeat, especially something not fully understood or assimilated:
>
>
>
*assimilate*
>
> 1. take in and understand fully (information or ideas).
> "Marie tried to assimilate the week's events"
> 2. (of the body or any biological system) absorb and digest (food or nutrients).
> "the sugars in the fruit are readily assimilated by the body"
>
>
> |
355,214 | What do you call it when your mind starts examining things automatically because of being exposed to these things in the past. This is not intentional thinking nor wandering but rather an automatic response in your mind
>
> John has quiet time at home and wants to just relax, but he can't stop his mind ... the events of the day.
>
>
>
Using *Reflect and Review* make the thinking seem voluntary when I am trying to convey the involuntary aspect of it. | 2016/10/25 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/355214",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/201282/"
] | A flashback is an intense example of this. When a person has a flashback, they involuntarily re-experience a moment from their past, sometimes in such great detail that they don't realize it's only in their head.
The experience is typically triggered by a familiar or related sensation, e.g. smelling a peculiar odor that was present at the time the memory was formed.
A true flashback is normally only symptomatic of disorders like PTSD, or facilitated by psychoactive substances like LSD. However, if you interrupt someone who appears lost in thought, they might make the casual excuse that they were "flashing back" in response to a familiar song or some other nostalgic stimulus. Their exaggeration alludes to the tendency for a flashback to remove a person's attention from reality, as theirs appeared to have been. | There is not a single word in existence that describes this action of the mind. Automatic reflection may be a useful description. |
355,214 | What do you call it when your mind starts examining things automatically because of being exposed to these things in the past. This is not intentional thinking nor wandering but rather an automatic response in your mind
>
> John has quiet time at home and wants to just relax, but he can't stop his mind ... the events of the day.
>
>
>
Using *Reflect and Review* make the thinking seem voluntary when I am trying to convey the involuntary aspect of it. | 2016/10/25 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/355214",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/201282/"
] | The word that first came to my mind was:
[**Reliving**](https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/relive)
>
> live through (an experience or feeling, especially an unpleasant one)
> again in one's imagination or memory. "he broke down sobbing as he
> relived the attack"
>
>
> | Words that can fit
[regurgitate](http://www.dictionary.com/browse/regurgitate)
>
> verb (used with object)
>
>
> 2.
> to cause to surge or rush back; vomit.
>
>
> 3.
> to give back or repeat, especially something not fully understood or assimilated:
>
>
>
*assimilate*
>
> 1. take in and understand fully (information or ideas).
> "Marie tried to assimilate the week's events"
> 2. (of the body or any biological system) absorb and digest (food or nutrients).
> "the sugars in the fruit are readily assimilated by the body"
>
>
> |
355,214 | What do you call it when your mind starts examining things automatically because of being exposed to these things in the past. This is not intentional thinking nor wandering but rather an automatic response in your mind
>
> John has quiet time at home and wants to just relax, but he can't stop his mind ... the events of the day.
>
>
>
Using *Reflect and Review* make the thinking seem voluntary when I am trying to convey the involuntary aspect of it. | 2016/10/25 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/355214",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/201282/"
] | This isn't a single word, but I'd probably write that John "can't stop his mind *from running over* the events of the day." "Going over" also works, though it sounds slightly more voluntary to me than "running over."
Based on the tone of the example, I also thought of "perseverate," a technical term from psychology meaning to get involuntarily stuck on the same compulsive thought pattern or behavior (source: New Oxford American Dictionary and my experience working at a nonprofit for teens and adults on the autism spectrum, where we use the word daily). "Perseverate" probably isn't a good choice for you, however, because a) it's jargon, b) it applies equally to behavior as well as to thoughts, and c) it applies only to repetitive, compulsive thoughts. Also, while perseverative thinking is often associated with anxiety, it doesn't have to be, and anxiety seemed central to what you were looking for. | Words that can fit
[regurgitate](http://www.dictionary.com/browse/regurgitate)
>
> verb (used with object)
>
>
> 2.
> to cause to surge or rush back; vomit.
>
>
> 3.
> to give back or repeat, especially something not fully understood or assimilated:
>
>
>
*assimilate*
>
> 1. take in and understand fully (information or ideas).
> "Marie tried to assimilate the week's events"
> 2. (of the body or any biological system) absorb and digest (food or nutrients).
> "the sugars in the fruit are readily assimilated by the body"
>
>
> |
355,214 | What do you call it when your mind starts examining things automatically because of being exposed to these things in the past. This is not intentional thinking nor wandering but rather an automatic response in your mind
>
> John has quiet time at home and wants to just relax, but he can't stop his mind ... the events of the day.
>
>
>
Using *Reflect and Review* make the thinking seem voluntary when I am trying to convey the involuntary aspect of it. | 2016/10/25 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/355214",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/201282/"
] | The word you are looking for might be '[**reminisce**](https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/reminisce)' which means
>
> Indulge in enjoyable recollection of past events. ‘*they reminisced
> about their summers abroad*’
>
>
>
[Oxford Online Dictionary] | "...can't stop his mind **reviewing** the events of the day".
**Review:** (*verb*) To review means to look back over something for evaluation or memory. (vocabulary.com) |
355,214 | What do you call it when your mind starts examining things automatically because of being exposed to these things in the past. This is not intentional thinking nor wandering but rather an automatic response in your mind
>
> John has quiet time at home and wants to just relax, but he can't stop his mind ... the events of the day.
>
>
>
Using *Reflect and Review* make the thinking seem voluntary when I am trying to convey the involuntary aspect of it. | 2016/10/25 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/355214",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/201282/"
] | Words that can fit
[regurgitate](http://www.dictionary.com/browse/regurgitate)
>
> verb (used with object)
>
>
> 2.
> to cause to surge or rush back; vomit.
>
>
> 3.
> to give back or repeat, especially something not fully understood or assimilated:
>
>
>
*assimilate*
>
> 1. take in and understand fully (information or ideas).
> "Marie tried to assimilate the week's events"
> 2. (of the body or any biological system) absorb and digest (food or nutrients).
> "the sugars in the fruit are readily assimilated by the body"
>
>
> | >
> John has quiet time at home and wants to just relax, but he can't stop his mind **recalling** the events of the day.
>
>
>
* recalling: remembering, recollecting
>
> John has quiet time at home and wants to just relax, but he can't stop his mind **recapitulating** the events of the day.
>
>
>
* recapitulating: repeating, summarizing
>
> John has quiet time at home and wants to just relax, but he can't stop his mind **replaying** the events of the day.
>
>
>
* replaying: repeating (something, especially an event or sequence of events).
>
> she replayed in her mind every detail of the night before
>
>
>
The closest thing to an involuntary memory that I can think of is **deja vu**, which although I think of it as a noun, oddly has no classification as any part of speech, in either my home dictionary or anything I've seen online.
1. Webster's New 20th Century Dictionary, unabridged, c1959; 2. online google dictionary |
355,214 | What do you call it when your mind starts examining things automatically because of being exposed to these things in the past. This is not intentional thinking nor wandering but rather an automatic response in your mind
>
> John has quiet time at home and wants to just relax, but he can't stop his mind ... the events of the day.
>
>
>
Using *Reflect and Review* make the thinking seem voluntary when I am trying to convey the involuntary aspect of it. | 2016/10/25 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/355214",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/201282/"
] | As others have said, there is no direct match for what you're asking. However, in the specific scenario presented, I would say:
>
> John has some quiet time at home and wants to just relax, but he can't stop his mind from *replaying* the events of the day.
>
>
> | This isn't a single word, but I'd probably write that John "can't stop his mind *from running over* the events of the day." "Going over" also works, though it sounds slightly more voluntary to me than "running over."
Based on the tone of the example, I also thought of "perseverate," a technical term from psychology meaning to get involuntarily stuck on the same compulsive thought pattern or behavior (source: New Oxford American Dictionary and my experience working at a nonprofit for teens and adults on the autism spectrum, where we use the word daily). "Perseverate" probably isn't a good choice for you, however, because a) it's jargon, b) it applies equally to behavior as well as to thoughts, and c) it applies only to repetitive, compulsive thoughts. Also, while perseverative thinking is often associated with anxiety, it doesn't have to be, and anxiety seemed central to what you were looking for. |
355,214 | What do you call it when your mind starts examining things automatically because of being exposed to these things in the past. This is not intentional thinking nor wandering but rather an automatic response in your mind
>
> John has quiet time at home and wants to just relax, but he can't stop his mind ... the events of the day.
>
>
>
Using *Reflect and Review* make the thinking seem voluntary when I am trying to convey the involuntary aspect of it. | 2016/10/25 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/355214",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/201282/"
] | Consider: Ruminate.
"...he can't stop his mind from ruminating over the events of the day."
The definitions I've found ("Think deeply about a subject or question over a period of time") don't capture how this word is usually used. The definitions I've found miss the connotation that rumination is not intentional, and in fact happens in an obsessive way despite attempts to think of something else.
This article gives a better definition, and shows how the word is used in context you describe in your example: <http://psychcentral.com/blog/archives/2011/01/20/why-ruminating-is-unhealthy-and-how-to-stop/>
"Ruminants" are a class of animals that chew their cud. The psychological meaning comes from the metaphorical similarity, where you play your thoughts over and over in the same way ruminants chew their cud over and over. See the "Other Uses" section of <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruminant>. | This isn't a single word, but I'd probably write that John "can't stop his mind *from running over* the events of the day." "Going over" also works, though it sounds slightly more voluntary to me than "running over."
Based on the tone of the example, I also thought of "perseverate," a technical term from psychology meaning to get involuntarily stuck on the same compulsive thought pattern or behavior (source: New Oxford American Dictionary and my experience working at a nonprofit for teens and adults on the autism spectrum, where we use the word daily). "Perseverate" probably isn't a good choice for you, however, because a) it's jargon, b) it applies equally to behavior as well as to thoughts, and c) it applies only to repetitive, compulsive thoughts. Also, while perseverative thinking is often associated with anxiety, it doesn't have to be, and anxiety seemed central to what you were looking for. |
355,214 | What do you call it when your mind starts examining things automatically because of being exposed to these things in the past. This is not intentional thinking nor wandering but rather an automatic response in your mind
>
> John has quiet time at home and wants to just relax, but he can't stop his mind ... the events of the day.
>
>
>
Using *Reflect and Review* make the thinking seem voluntary when I am trying to convey the involuntary aspect of it. | 2016/10/25 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/355214",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/201282/"
] | Words that can fit
[regurgitate](http://www.dictionary.com/browse/regurgitate)
>
> verb (used with object)
>
>
> 2.
> to cause to surge or rush back; vomit.
>
>
> 3.
> to give back or repeat, especially something not fully understood or assimilated:
>
>
>
*assimilate*
>
> 1. take in and understand fully (information or ideas).
> "Marie tried to assimilate the week's events"
> 2. (of the body or any biological system) absorb and digest (food or nutrients).
> "the sugars in the fruit are readily assimilated by the body"
>
>
> | There is not a single word in existence that describes this action of the mind. Automatic reflection may be a useful description. |
407,847 | I have been asked to find the shortest route from a particular start point to multiple properties along our shires road network. In QGIS I have tested the different network analysis tools and other plugins but I cannot find one that allows you to include multiple stops along a road network. I can only include a start and end point.
Is there such a plugin that allows for this? | 2021/08/09 | [
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/407847",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com",
"https://gis.stackexchange.com/users/49561/"
] | I would recommend using the Travelling salesman algorithm for this one.
This has been implemented using the Grass Plugin, which can be found under v.net.salesman.
There is further reading here
<https://grass.osgeo.org/grass78/manuals/v.net.salesman.html>
and also some other discussion
[Creating input node file for V.net.salesman in GRASS?](https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/153475/creating-input-node-file-for-v-net-salesman-in-grass)
Your input vector line will be your roads and your property points being nodes. It also offers some nice options in case the property points are not 'on' the network. | I suggest you use [ORS tools plugin](https://plugins.qgis.org/plugins/ORStools/) in QGIS and perform Traveling Salesman analysis. To use ORS tools you will need API key that you can get for free [here.](https://openrouteservice.org/dev/#/signup)
For good introduction to ORS tools, watch [this video.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rsxl_0IUSFM&t=279s) |
29,562 | >
> At the fifth Sprint Review, the stakeholders seem disappointed and
> angry. When asked about it, they say the product or system as being
> built will not meet their needs and will cost more than they
> anticipated spending, What led to this? (Choose best two answers)
>
>
> A) The stakeholders haven’t been using the Sprint Reviews to actively
> engage , and inspect and evaluate progress
>
>
> B) Changes to the project plan were not adequately documented and
> shared. The change request procedure was not diligently followed
>
>
> C) The PMO and its project managers have not been engaged adequately
> causing the project plan to become inaccurate
>
>
> D) The Product Owner has not been interacting frequently with
> stakeholders keeping them aware of the progress.
>
>
> E) The stakeholders were not allowed to attend daily scrum
>
>
> F) The scrum master has not ensured transparency
>
>
>
Which are the correct two answers? | 2020/04/21 | [
"https://pm.stackexchange.com/questions/29562",
"https://pm.stackexchange.com",
"https://pm.stackexchange.com/users/40405/"
] | Choosing two answers, I would select A and D.
B can be eliminated since project plans and formal change request procedures aren't typically a part of agile delivery approaches. Agile Software Development favors collaboration and responding to change over long-term plans. Frequent delivery of working software and responding to change builds a change request procedure into the methods.
C can also be eliminated for similar reasons. Agile methods aren't about engaging the PMO and project managers, but engaging with stakeholders. These could be customers, users, user representatives, or other people with knowledge of what the stakeholders need and want.
E is inconsistent with Scrum. The Daily Scrum is an event for the Development Team. The purpose of the Daily Scrum is to allow the Development Team to inspect the work that they have done and the progress toward the Sprint Goals. The problem appears to be more centered around the ordering of the work and the selection of the Sprint Goals, and the Daily Scrum is too late to be addressing these.
F could be a possible answer, but the wording is a bit off and it's not my favorite. Typically, the Scrum Master doesn't ensure anything. The Scrum Master helps the Scrum Team ensure appropriate visibility of the work and works with stakeholders to help them understand the way the team is working and how to be effective in an Agile environment.
A represents a true statement about Scrum. The purpose of the Sprint Review is for stakeholders and the Scrum Team to interact. The stakeholders should be present to provide feedback on the work that has been done. Another outcome would be a reordered Product Backlog that represents anything that has been learned or has changed in the environment. Of course, you can't say that it is true unless you've attended the first four Sprint Reviews, this definitely seems like something that could contribute to disappointment, anger, and frustration among the stakeholders.
D is another possibly answer. One of the principles of Agile Software Development is frequent interactions between developers and the business. This is often expanded to the developing organization and the stakeholders. One would expect that the Product Owner, and as appropriate, all members of the Scrum Team, would be interacting with stakeholders to understand their needs and how to best satisfy them. Insufficient interaction and understanding can definitely lead to disappointment and frustration among the stakeholders.
A, D, and F are all candidates for answers. I dislike the wording of both D and F, but I dislike the wording of F more than D. So I'd select A and D as my choices, but I wouldn't have a strong argument about F either. | Most likely (E) but it could be bigger than that.
These stakeholder concerns could be originating from one or several legitimate concerns: lack of communication, perception of scope creep, lack of visible progress and so on.
Always remember that "stakeholders" are not computer programmers – they are businesspeople. They don't closely understand what your team is doing nor how exactly they are doing it, and they don't have to. Project management (and their senior managers) should immediately sit down with the stakeholders to try to clear the air. And, pay *very* close attention to anything which they say which might suggest a change of project schedule and/or focus. *They are The Almighty Customer.™* |
36,779 | I've just started editing my novel.
For the drafting I had done most of the work on a phone, as I wanted to make the most of the daily commute. This worked well enough and the first rough draft is done.
However, I'm finding the same approach just isn't as strong for editing as it's not easy to highlight and remove words or find things quickly on a phone.
Does a portable computer exist that would be up to the task? A tiny laptop could work but I currently commute by bus (not train) so there isn't exactly a table or other surface I could rest a computer on.
My other option is just working weekends, but I'd rather avoid this if possible.
Can any writers recommend any suitable tools?
If not, how did you keep productive during the editing stage? | 2018/06/07 | [
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/questions/36779",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/users/28031/"
] | Typing on a laptop on your lap on a bus is always going to be difficult no matter what you buy. But maybe you don’t need a laptop:
I find it really helps if I edit my work in a completely different format to the one I wrote it in. If the work looks completely different I’m less likely to be blinded by the familiarity of my own words.
I read somewhere that when you look at your MS on a computer in a neat font, it gives the impression that the work is perfect and it’s harder to see problems when it already looks polished.
So, what I do is change the font to something really gritty, like American Typewriter and print it out.
I use editing marks for changes (these are easy to learn from any good editing book like the Wiley Style Manual) and then transfer them from paper to laptop later.
It may seem like a waste of time to use paper and have to transfer the edits, but what you end up with is actually a third draft, because you naturally edit/reword again as you implement those changes.
If you don’t have a printer or feel it’s too much to print out, you could invest in a tablet and a stylus. I edit like this sometimes too with an iPad and a Jot Touch. But you still need to transfer the edits to the computer later.
It will be difficult on a bus, but I think reading your work aloud is essential. It is only through reading aloud that you can isolate difficult to read sentences/paragraphs and really get a feel for your voice and the musicality of your words. Maybe you could sit at the back where it’s quiet and whisper it to yourself!!
Good luck! | For the hardware aspect of the question, you may try a tablet. So you'll get a wider surface to edit your text, without the need of a table. Mouse and keyboard will still missing, but at least, editing should be easier. But you may prefer a tiny laptop on your knees.
For the software part, I suggest [LiteWrite](https://litewrite.net). Beautiful on desktop as well as on phone, tiny, no distraction, data ubiquity, it let you choose your cloud provider (GoogledDrive, DropBox or [RemoteStorage](https://remotestorage.io)). For a long work, I recommend you to split your text in many documents with a clever naming convention, so you could rely on the search ability of LiteWrite to quickly switch between parts.
If no solution suits you, remember you can always use pen and paper, and type your work at home. Print your draft, edit it with pen on the go. Well, it may not be more comfortable. A [clipboard folder](https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss_2?url=search-alias%3Doffice-products&field-keywords=Clipboard%20folder) on your knees may help. |
36,779 | I've just started editing my novel.
For the drafting I had done most of the work on a phone, as I wanted to make the most of the daily commute. This worked well enough and the first rough draft is done.
However, I'm finding the same approach just isn't as strong for editing as it's not easy to highlight and remove words or find things quickly on a phone.
Does a portable computer exist that would be up to the task? A tiny laptop could work but I currently commute by bus (not train) so there isn't exactly a table or other surface I could rest a computer on.
My other option is just working weekends, but I'd rather avoid this if possible.
Can any writers recommend any suitable tools?
If not, how did you keep productive during the editing stage? | 2018/06/07 | [
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/questions/36779",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/users/28031/"
] | Typing on a laptop on your lap on a bus is always going to be difficult no matter what you buy. But maybe you don’t need a laptop:
I find it really helps if I edit my work in a completely different format to the one I wrote it in. If the work looks completely different I’m less likely to be blinded by the familiarity of my own words.
I read somewhere that when you look at your MS on a computer in a neat font, it gives the impression that the work is perfect and it’s harder to see problems when it already looks polished.
So, what I do is change the font to something really gritty, like American Typewriter and print it out.
I use editing marks for changes (these are easy to learn from any good editing book like the Wiley Style Manual) and then transfer them from paper to laptop later.
It may seem like a waste of time to use paper and have to transfer the edits, but what you end up with is actually a third draft, because you naturally edit/reword again as you implement those changes.
If you don’t have a printer or feel it’s too much to print out, you could invest in a tablet and a stylus. I edit like this sometimes too with an iPad and a Jot Touch. But you still need to transfer the edits to the computer later.
It will be difficult on a bus, but I think reading your work aloud is essential. It is only through reading aloud that you can isolate difficult to read sentences/paragraphs and really get a feel for your voice and the musicality of your words. Maybe you could sit at the back where it’s quiet and whisper it to yourself!!
Good luck! | I'm in the same situation. I've resorted to creating a copy of draft 1 that can be annotated but not otherwise edited, e.g. a PDF in Google Drive. Such files are easy to edit. Highlighting isn't so feasible in GD, although I have a friend who finds Edge very helpful for that. (Phones vary in whether they can take advantage of this.) I use the commute to read the work, decide what changes to make to a given page, then write instructions to myself as an annotation. When I have time at my laptop at home and I'm not exhausted, e.g. at the weekend, I see how long it takes to obey the instructions for a chapter, and then see whether I have the energy for another. You'll get through individual changes much faster during "round 2", so it won't necessarily eat up the weekend. Try it, see if it works. |
36,779 | I've just started editing my novel.
For the drafting I had done most of the work on a phone, as I wanted to make the most of the daily commute. This worked well enough and the first rough draft is done.
However, I'm finding the same approach just isn't as strong for editing as it's not easy to highlight and remove words or find things quickly on a phone.
Does a portable computer exist that would be up to the task? A tiny laptop could work but I currently commute by bus (not train) so there isn't exactly a table or other surface I could rest a computer on.
My other option is just working weekends, but I'd rather avoid this if possible.
Can any writers recommend any suitable tools?
If not, how did you keep productive during the editing stage? | 2018/06/07 | [
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/questions/36779",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/users/28031/"
] | Typing on a laptop on your lap on a bus is always going to be difficult no matter what you buy. But maybe you don’t need a laptop:
I find it really helps if I edit my work in a completely different format to the one I wrote it in. If the work looks completely different I’m less likely to be blinded by the familiarity of my own words.
I read somewhere that when you look at your MS on a computer in a neat font, it gives the impression that the work is perfect and it’s harder to see problems when it already looks polished.
So, what I do is change the font to something really gritty, like American Typewriter and print it out.
I use editing marks for changes (these are easy to learn from any good editing book like the Wiley Style Manual) and then transfer them from paper to laptop later.
It may seem like a waste of time to use paper and have to transfer the edits, but what you end up with is actually a third draft, because you naturally edit/reword again as you implement those changes.
If you don’t have a printer or feel it’s too much to print out, you could invest in a tablet and a stylus. I edit like this sometimes too with an iPad and a Jot Touch. But you still need to transfer the edits to the computer later.
It will be difficult on a bus, but I think reading your work aloud is essential. It is only through reading aloud that you can isolate difficult to read sentences/paragraphs and really get a feel for your voice and the musicality of your words. Maybe you could sit at the back where it’s quiet and whisper it to yourself!!
Good luck! | Tablet, with tablet pen is the best mark up tool, period. However, turning a marked up document into a new draft needs two panels and that won't ever work well in transit. You're going to need to find time outside of your commute for revision & editing, but you can reduce the task load. |
36,779 | I've just started editing my novel.
For the drafting I had done most of the work on a phone, as I wanted to make the most of the daily commute. This worked well enough and the first rough draft is done.
However, I'm finding the same approach just isn't as strong for editing as it's not easy to highlight and remove words or find things quickly on a phone.
Does a portable computer exist that would be up to the task? A tiny laptop could work but I currently commute by bus (not train) so there isn't exactly a table or other surface I could rest a computer on.
My other option is just working weekends, but I'd rather avoid this if possible.
Can any writers recommend any suitable tools?
If not, how did you keep productive during the editing stage? | 2018/06/07 | [
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/questions/36779",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/users/28031/"
] | Typing on a laptop on your lap on a bus is always going to be difficult no matter what you buy. But maybe you don’t need a laptop:
I find it really helps if I edit my work in a completely different format to the one I wrote it in. If the work looks completely different I’m less likely to be blinded by the familiarity of my own words.
I read somewhere that when you look at your MS on a computer in a neat font, it gives the impression that the work is perfect and it’s harder to see problems when it already looks polished.
So, what I do is change the font to something really gritty, like American Typewriter and print it out.
I use editing marks for changes (these are easy to learn from any good editing book like the Wiley Style Manual) and then transfer them from paper to laptop later.
It may seem like a waste of time to use paper and have to transfer the edits, but what you end up with is actually a third draft, because you naturally edit/reword again as you implement those changes.
If you don’t have a printer or feel it’s too much to print out, you could invest in a tablet and a stylus. I edit like this sometimes too with an iPad and a Jot Touch. But you still need to transfer the edits to the computer later.
It will be difficult on a bus, but I think reading your work aloud is essential. It is only through reading aloud that you can isolate difficult to read sentences/paragraphs and really get a feel for your voice and the musicality of your words. Maybe you could sit at the back where it’s quiet and whisper it to yourself!!
Good luck! | To add to what others have said:
If you choose a tablet:
-----------------------
* the touchscreen keyboard will be much less ergonomic compared to a real laptop. If you are the kind of person who may be discouraging by that, you can get a wired or Bluetooth portable keyboard.
* a tablet + accessories setup will be more fiddly than a laptop. With a laptop, you will only have one device that you will have to remember to carry and keep charged. With a tablet and keyboard, you will have to keep two charged, and connect/disconnect them occasionally.
If you choose a laptop:
-----------------------
* they are more tempting to leave behind unattended because of their weight, "just this once, for only a minute". That can get them stolen more easily than with a tablet, which you can train yourself to pick up whenever you leave the room. |
36,779 | I've just started editing my novel.
For the drafting I had done most of the work on a phone, as I wanted to make the most of the daily commute. This worked well enough and the first rough draft is done.
However, I'm finding the same approach just isn't as strong for editing as it's not easy to highlight and remove words or find things quickly on a phone.
Does a portable computer exist that would be up to the task? A tiny laptop could work but I currently commute by bus (not train) so there isn't exactly a table or other surface I could rest a computer on.
My other option is just working weekends, but I'd rather avoid this if possible.
Can any writers recommend any suitable tools?
If not, how did you keep productive during the editing stage? | 2018/06/07 | [
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/questions/36779",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/users/28031/"
] | For the hardware aspect of the question, you may try a tablet. So you'll get a wider surface to edit your text, without the need of a table. Mouse and keyboard will still missing, but at least, editing should be easier. But you may prefer a tiny laptop on your knees.
For the software part, I suggest [LiteWrite](https://litewrite.net). Beautiful on desktop as well as on phone, tiny, no distraction, data ubiquity, it let you choose your cloud provider (GoogledDrive, DropBox or [RemoteStorage](https://remotestorage.io)). For a long work, I recommend you to split your text in many documents with a clever naming convention, so you could rely on the search ability of LiteWrite to quickly switch between parts.
If no solution suits you, remember you can always use pen and paper, and type your work at home. Print your draft, edit it with pen on the go. Well, it may not be more comfortable. A [clipboard folder](https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss_2?url=search-alias%3Doffice-products&field-keywords=Clipboard%20folder) on your knees may help. | To add to what others have said:
If you choose a tablet:
-----------------------
* the touchscreen keyboard will be much less ergonomic compared to a real laptop. If you are the kind of person who may be discouraging by that, you can get a wired or Bluetooth portable keyboard.
* a tablet + accessories setup will be more fiddly than a laptop. With a laptop, you will only have one device that you will have to remember to carry and keep charged. With a tablet and keyboard, you will have to keep two charged, and connect/disconnect them occasionally.
If you choose a laptop:
-----------------------
* they are more tempting to leave behind unattended because of their weight, "just this once, for only a minute". That can get them stolen more easily than with a tablet, which you can train yourself to pick up whenever you leave the room. |
36,779 | I've just started editing my novel.
For the drafting I had done most of the work on a phone, as I wanted to make the most of the daily commute. This worked well enough and the first rough draft is done.
However, I'm finding the same approach just isn't as strong for editing as it's not easy to highlight and remove words or find things quickly on a phone.
Does a portable computer exist that would be up to the task? A tiny laptop could work but I currently commute by bus (not train) so there isn't exactly a table or other surface I could rest a computer on.
My other option is just working weekends, but I'd rather avoid this if possible.
Can any writers recommend any suitable tools?
If not, how did you keep productive during the editing stage? | 2018/06/07 | [
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/questions/36779",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/users/28031/"
] | I'm in the same situation. I've resorted to creating a copy of draft 1 that can be annotated but not otherwise edited, e.g. a PDF in Google Drive. Such files are easy to edit. Highlighting isn't so feasible in GD, although I have a friend who finds Edge very helpful for that. (Phones vary in whether they can take advantage of this.) I use the commute to read the work, decide what changes to make to a given page, then write instructions to myself as an annotation. When I have time at my laptop at home and I'm not exhausted, e.g. at the weekend, I see how long it takes to obey the instructions for a chapter, and then see whether I have the energy for another. You'll get through individual changes much faster during "round 2", so it won't necessarily eat up the weekend. Try it, see if it works. | To add to what others have said:
If you choose a tablet:
-----------------------
* the touchscreen keyboard will be much less ergonomic compared to a real laptop. If you are the kind of person who may be discouraging by that, you can get a wired or Bluetooth portable keyboard.
* a tablet + accessories setup will be more fiddly than a laptop. With a laptop, you will only have one device that you will have to remember to carry and keep charged. With a tablet and keyboard, you will have to keep two charged, and connect/disconnect them occasionally.
If you choose a laptop:
-----------------------
* they are more tempting to leave behind unattended because of their weight, "just this once, for only a minute". That can get them stolen more easily than with a tablet, which you can train yourself to pick up whenever you leave the room. |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.