qid int64 1 74.7M | question stringlengths 12 33.8k | date stringlengths 10 10 | metadata list | response_j stringlengths 0 115k | response_k stringlengths 2 98.3k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
125,516 | Scientific computing is algorithm intensive and can also be data intensive. It often needs to use a lot of memory to run analysis and release it before continuing with the next. Sometime it also uses memory pool to recycle memory for each analysis. Managed language is interesting here because it can allow the developer to concentrate on the application logic. Since it might need to deal with huge dataset, performance is important too. But how can we control memory and performance with managed language? | 2008/09/24 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/125516",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/21495/"
] | You are asking a fundamentally flawed question. The entire point of managed languages is that you don't handle memory. That is handled by the Garbage Collector, while you can make certain actions to better allow it to do its job in an efficient manner, it is not your job to do its job.
The things you can do to improve performance in a world where performance is not controlled by you are simple. Make sure you don't hold onto references you don't need. And use stack based variables if you need more control over the situation. | I think I would paraphrase the question by saying is the .NET memory manager capable of handling the job of memory management for scientific computing where traditionally hand tuned routines have been used for improving memory performance, especially for very large (GByte) matrices?
The author of this article certainly believes that it is:
[Harness the Features of C# to Power Your Scientific Computing Projects](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/cc163995.aspx)
As others have pointed out, a major point of managed code is that you don't need to deal with memory management tasks yourself. This is a major advantage as it allows you to concentrate on the algorithms. |
125,516 | Scientific computing is algorithm intensive and can also be data intensive. It often needs to use a lot of memory to run analysis and release it before continuing with the next. Sometime it also uses memory pool to recycle memory for each analysis. Managed language is interesting here because it can allow the developer to concentrate on the application logic. Since it might need to deal with huge dataset, performance is important too. But how can we control memory and performance with managed language? | 2008/09/24 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/125516",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/21495/"
] | You might be surprised at the number of people that use Matlab for this, and as it could be considered a programming language and certainly manages its own memory (with support for huge data sets, etc) then it should seriously be considered as a solution here.
Further, it will generate program code (may require a separate plugin?) so once you arrive at an algorithm you want to package up you can have it generate the C code to perform the work you originally had in your M script or simulink model.
-Adam | I think I would paraphrase the question by saying is the .NET memory manager capable of handling the job of memory management for scientific computing where traditionally hand tuned routines have been used for improving memory performance, especially for very large (GByte) matrices?
The author of this article certainly believes that it is:
[Harness the Features of C# to Power Your Scientific Computing Projects](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/cc163995.aspx)
As others have pointed out, a major point of managed code is that you don't need to deal with memory management tasks yourself. This is a major advantage as it allows you to concentrate on the algorithms. |
125,516 | Scientific computing is algorithm intensive and can also be data intensive. It often needs to use a lot of memory to run analysis and release it before continuing with the next. Sometime it also uses memory pool to recycle memory for each analysis. Managed language is interesting here because it can allow the developer to concentrate on the application logic. Since it might need to deal with huge dataset, performance is important too. But how can we control memory and performance with managed language? | 2008/09/24 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/125516",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/21495/"
] | Not exactly sure what the question is, but you might want to check out [Fortress](http://projectfortress.sun.com/Projects/Community) | With a managed language you don't get that control as easily. The whole point in these languages is to handle malloc, garbage, and so on. Each managed language will handle that differently.
With Perl running out of memory is considered a fatal error. You can save the day via some small measure with $^M but this is only if your compiler has been compiled with that feature, and you add code provisions for it. |
125,516 | Scientific computing is algorithm intensive and can also be data intensive. It often needs to use a lot of memory to run analysis and release it before continuing with the next. Sometime it also uses memory pool to recycle memory for each analysis. Managed language is interesting here because it can allow the developer to concentrate on the application logic. Since it might need to deal with huge dataset, performance is important too. But how can we control memory and performance with managed language? | 2008/09/24 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/125516",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/21495/"
] | You might be surprised at the number of people that use Matlab for this, and as it could be considered a programming language and certainly manages its own memory (with support for huge data sets, etc) then it should seriously be considered as a solution here.
Further, it will generate program code (may require a separate plugin?) so once you arrive at an algorithm you want to package up you can have it generate the C code to perform the work you originally had in your M script or simulink model.
-Adam | Not exactly sure what the question is, but you might want to check out [Fortress](http://projectfortress.sun.com/Projects/Community) |
125,516 | Scientific computing is algorithm intensive and can also be data intensive. It often needs to use a lot of memory to run analysis and release it before continuing with the next. Sometime it also uses memory pool to recycle memory for each analysis. Managed language is interesting here because it can allow the developer to concentrate on the application logic. Since it might need to deal with huge dataset, performance is important too. But how can we control memory and performance with managed language? | 2008/09/24 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/125516",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/21495/"
] | I think I would paraphrase the question by saying is the .NET memory manager capable of handling the job of memory management for scientific computing where traditionally hand tuned routines have been used for improving memory performance, especially for very large (GByte) matrices?
The author of this article certainly believes that it is:
[Harness the Features of C# to Power Your Scientific Computing Projects](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/cc163995.aspx)
As others have pointed out, a major point of managed code is that you don't need to deal with memory management tasks yourself. This is a major advantage as it allows you to concentrate on the algorithms. | BlackBox Component Builder, developed by Oberon microsystems, is the component-based development environment for the programming language „Component Pascal“.
Due to its stability, performance and simplicity, BlackBox is perfectly suited for science and engineering applications.
<http://www.oberon.ch/blackbox.html>
(Disclosure: I work for Oberon microsystems)
Regards,
tamberg |
125,516 | Scientific computing is algorithm intensive and can also be data intensive. It often needs to use a lot of memory to run analysis and release it before continuing with the next. Sometime it also uses memory pool to recycle memory for each analysis. Managed language is interesting here because it can allow the developer to concentrate on the application logic. Since it might need to deal with huge dataset, performance is important too. But how can we control memory and performance with managed language? | 2008/09/24 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/125516",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/21495/"
] | [Python](http://www.python.org/) has become pretty big in scientific computing lately. It is a managed language, so you don't have to remember to free your memory. At the same time, it has packages for scientific and numerical computing ([NumPy](http://numpy.scipy.org/), [SciPy](http://www.scipy.org/)), which gives you performance similar to compiled languages. Also, Python can be pretty easily integrated with C code.
Python is a very expressive language, making it easier to write and read than many traditional languages. It also resembles MATLAB in some ways, making it easier to use for scientists than, say, C++ or Fortran.
The [University of Oslo](http://www.uio.no/) has recently starting teaching Python as the default language for all science students outside the department of informatics (who still learn Java).
[Simula Research Laboratory](http://simula.no/), which is heavily into scientific computing, partial differential equations etc., uses python extensively. | BlackBox Component Builder, developed by Oberon microsystems, is the component-based development environment for the programming language „Component Pascal“.
Due to its stability, performance and simplicity, BlackBox is perfectly suited for science and engineering applications.
<http://www.oberon.ch/blackbox.html>
(Disclosure: I work for Oberon microsystems)
Regards,
tamberg |
125,516 | Scientific computing is algorithm intensive and can also be data intensive. It often needs to use a lot of memory to run analysis and release it before continuing with the next. Sometime it also uses memory pool to recycle memory for each analysis. Managed language is interesting here because it can allow the developer to concentrate on the application logic. Since it might need to deal with huge dataset, performance is important too. But how can we control memory and performance with managed language? | 2008/09/24 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/125516",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/21495/"
] | You are asking a fundamentally flawed question. The entire point of managed languages is that you don't handle memory. That is handled by the Garbage Collector, while you can make certain actions to better allow it to do its job in an efficient manner, it is not your job to do its job.
The things you can do to improve performance in a world where performance is not controlled by you are simple. Make sure you don't hold onto references you don't need. And use stack based variables if you need more control over the situation. | The best option is Python with NumPy/ SciPy/ IPython. It has excellent performance because the core math is happening in libraries written in highly optimized C and Fortran. Since you interact with it using Python, everything from your perspective is clean and managed with extremely succinct, readable code and garbage collection. |
125,516 | Scientific computing is algorithm intensive and can also be data intensive. It often needs to use a lot of memory to run analysis and release it before continuing with the next. Sometime it also uses memory pool to recycle memory for each analysis. Managed language is interesting here because it can allow the developer to concentrate on the application logic. Since it might need to deal with huge dataset, performance is important too. But how can we control memory and performance with managed language? | 2008/09/24 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/125516",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/21495/"
] | F# seems to be somewhat targeted at this audience. There is actually a book called [F# for scientists](http://www.ffconsultancy.com/products/fsharp_for_scientists/?fsb).
Also this [question](http://lambda-the-ultimate.org/node/2720) was asked over at Lambda the Ultimate. | I would think that functional languages would be best suited to this type of task. |
125,516 | Scientific computing is algorithm intensive and can also be data intensive. It often needs to use a lot of memory to run analysis and release it before continuing with the next. Sometime it also uses memory pool to recycle memory for each analysis. Managed language is interesting here because it can allow the developer to concentrate on the application logic. Since it might need to deal with huge dataset, performance is important too. But how can we control memory and performance with managed language? | 2008/09/24 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/125516",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/21495/"
] | I would think that functional languages would be best suited to this type of task. | With a managed language you don't get that control as easily. The whole point in these languages is to handle malloc, garbage, and so on. Each managed language will handle that differently.
With Perl running out of memory is considered a fatal error. You can save the day via some small measure with $^M but this is only if your compiler has been compiled with that feature, and you add code provisions for it. |
19,460 | I'm the proud parent of two 10 month old border collie pups - Amber and Ghost, sister and brother respectively.
Training so far is going well. Basic commands (sit, wait, leave, stand, heel, crawl, round, paw, etc even through to "cross" when arriving at a pavement edge) work first time, every time. Some slight re-call issues when off the lead but this is being worked on.
The main issue we have at the moment is that when visitors come round to our house or we meet people on walks (who don't have dogs), their immediate reaction is to jump up excitedly and try to get the most amount of attention possible. The consequence of this, at least 9 times out of 10, is for Ghost to pee everywhere - more recently Amber has started doing so too.
I absolutely want to get rid of the jumping up behaviour. It isn't aggressive in any way and they have never growled or shown aggression in any of the previous 7 months they've been with me - but I know that a lot of people do not want dogs jumping up. I am included in this and want them to stay sat with their tails wagging as fast as physically possible.
Having tried getting the dogs to "sit" and "wait" when people approach out on walks or when the door bell rings, this lasts for only a couple of seconds before they ignore all commands from me and jump up anyway. I've tried to get them to succumb to some tasty treats but, as much as they love treats usually for their rewards, they have no effect in this situation. I've tried holding them by their collars and physically preventing them from jumping (not using any aggressive force, I may add) but this isn't practical and I don't think is the right way to do things.
I'm not so concerned about the peeing as I feel this will improve once their jumping excitement subsides.
I would like to know what techniques others have used in this kind of situation or if anyone could provide some advice which may help me. | 2018/01/14 | [
"https://pets.stackexchange.com/questions/19460",
"https://pets.stackexchange.com",
"https://pets.stackexchange.com/users/11071/"
] | Bonobos are NOT pets!
---------------------
And please, for you and the bonobo, do not try to keep one as pet. There are at least four reasons for this:
1. Bonobos are not safe.
2. The circumstances of bonobo capture and sale.
3. Bonobo care.
4. Legality.
**1. Bonobos are not safe to be around for humans.**
This story on [BBC](http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160317-do-bonobos-really-spend-all-their-time-having-sex) debunks a few of the myths around bonobos; they do bite and are not much smaller than chimps. One of the best researched Bonobos, [Kanzi (audio story)](http://www.upworthy.com/an-ape-bites-his-handlers-fingers-off-waits-8-months-and-then-literally-apologizes-7), bit his handler's finger off. Yes, he apologized, but that does not make him a safe ape.
Have you seen the enclosures in which bonobos are kept? There is a reason they are not part of the petting zoo...
**2. The circumstances of bonobo capture and sale.**
For you to be able to buy/get hold of a young bonobo, you will need to pry it from his/her mother. She will not take this lightly. The way this is usually is done is simple: kill the mother (for bush meat maybe) and sell the youngling. As these apes are quite smart and do have emotions similar to humans, you can imagine this is not a great start to have for a bonobo.
And zoos do not sell to the public.
**3. Bonobo care.**
All great apes need specialized care. For dogs, cats, and other small pets we know a lot of how to keep them healthy. Less so for apes. Never mind the habitat. You will not be able to provide them the necessary environment they need: their natural habitat with other bonobos.
Maybe you find a way to get the right foodstuffs. Probably you don't. This is normally done by zoo workers with the special education to get this right.
And never mind if your bonobo gets ill. What vet can take care of him/her? Or do you take it to your doctor? Nope, just nope.
**4. Legality.**
And, lastly, there are laws in place. Bonobos are an [endangered species](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonobo#Conservation_status). You are not allowed to import one into the [USA](https://www.cdc.gov/importation/bringing-an-animal-into-the-united-states/monkeys.html). Nor the EU. (I cannot find a [link](http://endcap.eu/wild-pets-in-the-eu/) right now, but every country will have a list.)
**Romanticized ideal:**
Because bonobos look so much like chimps, they are compared to them. And compared to chimps, bonobos are sweet, caring and social creatures. But just because chimps are dangerous, that does not make bonobos safe.
The picture you paint of the bonobo almost makes for ideal pet. But bonobos are [wild animals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonobo#Behavior). They can and will [harm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonobo#Peacefulness) you if you try to keep them as pets.
What you are doing with your question is trying to build a case why it is alright to keep a bonobo as pet. It's not. Wild animals do not equal pets.
And a few quotes:
>
> For every wild animal captured and sold as a wild pet, an estimated 50 may be killed or die in transit
>
>
> Wild animals often harbour usual and harmful diseases: including avian influenza and psittacosis from birds, salmonellosis from amphibians, reptiles and birds, and hepatitis A, tuberculosis, monkey pox and herpesvirus simiae-B from primates
>
>
>
Also, if you do have several million dollar lying around, you might want to donate that to a zoo so they can build something [like this](https://issuu.com/adampeterroberts/docs/arc_308_sustainability_and_environment). They probably will grant you live time access to that enclosure. | [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/WMBim.jpg)
**Who are Bonobos?**
Bonobo belong to the genus *Pan*. The two species belonging to the genus *Pan* are *Pan troglodytes* (chimpanzee) and *Pan paniscus* (bonobo)
**Habitat**
Bonobos are found only south of the Congo River and north of the Kasai River (a tributary of the Congo) in the humid forests of the Democratic Republic of Congo of central Africa.
**Difference between Bonobos and Chimps** -
1. Physical difference
The bonobo is slimmer, with a smaller skull, shorter canines and tufts of lighter fur, compared to chimps.
2. Psychological difference
This is where the bonobos differ from chimps the most. Bonobos are kinder and gentler than the chimp.
**Can Bonobos be kept as pets?**
I would say, well definitely, why not?
Before going further I want to share some facts from the following article:
<https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/mans-new-best-friend-a-forgotten-russian-experiment-in-fox-domestication/>
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/P8S0g.jpg)
>
> Dmitri K. Belyaev, a Russian scientist, may be the man most
> responsible for our understanding of the process by which wolves were
> domesticated into our canine companions.
>
>
> He started his experimentation by attempting to domesticate wild
> foxes. Belyaev and his colleagues took wild silver foxes (a variant of
> the red fox) and bred them, with a strong selection criteria for
> inherent tameness.
>
>
> In each generation foxes that were least fearful and least aggressive
> were chosen for breeding. In each successive generation, less than 20
> percent of individuals were allowed to breed.
>
>
> The result of this breeding program conducted over more than 40
> generations of silver foxes was a group of friendly, domesticated
> foxes.
>
>
> The domesticated foxes were more eager to hang out with humans,
> whimpered to attract attention, and sniffed and licked their
> caretakers. They wagged their tails when they were happy or excited.
> (Does that sound at all like your pet dog?) Further, their fear
> response to new people or objects was reduced, and they were more
> eager to explore new situations. Many of the domesticated foxes had
> floppy ears, short or curly tails, extended reproductive seasons,
> changes in fur coloration, and changes in the shape of their skulls,
> jaws, and teeth. They also lost their "musky fox smell."
>
>
>
Now can we apply this fox and dog analogy to chimps and bonobo? According to researcher Brian Hare, definitely.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/pIB9W.png)
I want to share some facts from the following article:
<http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/notrocketscience/2012/01/25/bonobos-the-self-domesticated-ape/>
Popular theory first put forward by Brian Hare -
>
> **bonobos are “self-domesticated” apes.**
>
>
>
Now I want to share some facts from the following article:
<https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/tame-theory-did-bonobos/>
>
> Rape, murder and warring neighbors are all regular aspects of chimp
> life. Bonobo societies, however, are far more peaceful. Hare thinks
> that the chimplike ancestors of bonobos found themselves in an
> environment where aggressive individuals fared poorly. By selecting
> for the most cooperative ones, evolution forged a "self-domesticated"
> ape, just as Belyaev produced domestic foxes by picking the most
> docile ones.
>
>
> Bonobos and chimpanzees diverged from a common ancestor between one
> million and two million years ago, after the formation of the Congo
> River separated one population of apes into two.
>
>
> Both groups faced very different environments. the northern
> population, which would eventually become chimps, had more competition
> from gorillas for their food. They were forced to compete fiercely
> with one another for whatever was left. Females got a particularly
> short shrift, and were easily overpowered by males for both sex and
> resources.
>
>
> In bonobo-land in the south, the story was different. The river would
> have protected the ancestors of bonobos from gorillas. With more food
> to go around, females could gather in larger groups, form tight social
> bonds, and better resist the advances of males. In this land of
> plenty, the least aggressive males, who opted for alliances rather
> than brute force, were most likely to mate. South of the river, the
> nicer apes thrived.
>
>
> As a result they started maturing more slowly. Many domestic animals
> evolved to become less aggressive by slowing the pace of development,
> so adults retained juvenile traits. For example, as Belyaev’s foxes
> became tamer, their minds and bodies became more like those of puppies
> than wild adults.
>
>
> The same thing probably happened as domestic dogs and bonobos evolved
> from their respective ancestors. Their physiques changed—faces became
> shorter, skulls shrank, sex differences narrowed, teeth shortened and
> sections of their fur lost coloration. Their bodies responded to
> stress in a more muted way. They behaved differently, playing,
> grooming and mating more often. The tamer generations also became more
> sensitive to social cues. Simply by maturing more slowly, they all
> evolved the same set of domesticated traits.
>
>
>
Here an important point to mention.
According to article :
<http://www.janegoodall.org.uk/chimpanzees/chimpanzee-central/15-chimpanzees/chimpanzee-central/28-chimps-as-pets-the-reality>
>
> Chimpanzee and monkey infants are irresistibly cute, and it might seem
> that raising one would be just like raising a human child. As infants,
> chimpanzees are affectionate, needy, and a delight to interact with.
> But chimpanzees grow up fast, and their unique intelligence makes it
> difficult to keep them stimulated and satisfied in a human
> environment. By age five they are stronger than most human adults.
> They become destructive and resentful of discipline. They can, and
> will, bite. Chimpanzee owners have lost fingers and suffered severe
> facial damage.
>
>
>
Does it sound similar? Like what always happens in domestication, the bonobos slowed down their pace of development so that adults retained juvenile traits.
The following article mentions in great details about keeping bonobos as pets:
<http://www.theeoptimist.com/2014/09/chimps-do-not-make-good-pets.html>
>
> Bonobos have a female-dominated society where very little violence
> happens. What violence that does take place tends to happen when a
> male becomes aggressive and the females gang up to put him in his
> place.
>
>
> Instead of violence, bonobos run their society through the
> near-constant exchange of sexual favors. Bonobos are the only
> non-human animals to have been observed engaging in face-to-face sex,
> tongue kissing, and oral sex.
>
>
> Adolescent female bonobos have clitorises that are three to four times
> bigger than those of adolescent girls. So large, in fact, that they
> are easily visible, and waggle while they walk.
>
>
> The bonobos need those big clitorises. Females frequently have sex
> with other females, usually every two to three hours.
>
>
> When a group of bonobos finds a new food source, their excitement
> often results in a group orgy. When two separate tribes encounter
> each other, rather than fight it out like chimps do, the bonobos tend
> to mix it up with yet another orgy, swapping individuals between
> groups. That gets everybody relaxed and on the same page.
>
>
>
So in nutshell, Chimps = violence. Bonobos = sex.
On a lighter note, the best part of the article -
>
> Rather than worry about your chimp suddenly deciding to rip your face
> apart, or tear your arms off and beat you to death with them, with a
> bonobo, your main worry is that your favorite pet might become a
> little too fond of you. And really, that would be kind of a good
> problem, wouldn't it?
>
>
>
So why not take a bonobo as pet? If we can take dogs as pet, surely we can take bonobos as pet as well? |
19,460 | I'm the proud parent of two 10 month old border collie pups - Amber and Ghost, sister and brother respectively.
Training so far is going well. Basic commands (sit, wait, leave, stand, heel, crawl, round, paw, etc even through to "cross" when arriving at a pavement edge) work first time, every time. Some slight re-call issues when off the lead but this is being worked on.
The main issue we have at the moment is that when visitors come round to our house or we meet people on walks (who don't have dogs), their immediate reaction is to jump up excitedly and try to get the most amount of attention possible. The consequence of this, at least 9 times out of 10, is for Ghost to pee everywhere - more recently Amber has started doing so too.
I absolutely want to get rid of the jumping up behaviour. It isn't aggressive in any way and they have never growled or shown aggression in any of the previous 7 months they've been with me - but I know that a lot of people do not want dogs jumping up. I am included in this and want them to stay sat with their tails wagging as fast as physically possible.
Having tried getting the dogs to "sit" and "wait" when people approach out on walks or when the door bell rings, this lasts for only a couple of seconds before they ignore all commands from me and jump up anyway. I've tried to get them to succumb to some tasty treats but, as much as they love treats usually for their rewards, they have no effect in this situation. I've tried holding them by their collars and physically preventing them from jumping (not using any aggressive force, I may add) but this isn't practical and I don't think is the right way to do things.
I'm not so concerned about the peeing as I feel this will improve once their jumping excitement subsides.
I would like to know what techniques others have used in this kind of situation or if anyone could provide some advice which may help me. | 2018/01/14 | [
"https://pets.stackexchange.com/questions/19460",
"https://pets.stackexchange.com",
"https://pets.stackexchange.com/users/11071/"
] | You should not get a Bonobo as a pet, they are aggressive and dangerous, and like with any smart animal, will use toddler style manipulation to get what they want. But I understand where you are coming from and thus recommend safer pets that hopefully meet your desire. If you want something ape like look no further than the (make sure it's legal in your state and country) American Opossum, Sugar glider, Marmoset, raccoon, or Kinkaju. If you would like something intelligent then look no further than octopus, raccoon, rat, pig, many special of parrots, and the ferret. And if your still stand on a monkey click on this link to go to Poggi's animal house to get a Marmoset
<http://m.poggisanimalhouse.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.poggisanimalhouse.com%2F&dm_redirected=true#2717> | [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/WMBim.jpg)
**Who are Bonobos?**
Bonobo belong to the genus *Pan*. The two species belonging to the genus *Pan* are *Pan troglodytes* (chimpanzee) and *Pan paniscus* (bonobo)
**Habitat**
Bonobos are found only south of the Congo River and north of the Kasai River (a tributary of the Congo) in the humid forests of the Democratic Republic of Congo of central Africa.
**Difference between Bonobos and Chimps** -
1. Physical difference
The bonobo is slimmer, with a smaller skull, shorter canines and tufts of lighter fur, compared to chimps.
2. Psychological difference
This is where the bonobos differ from chimps the most. Bonobos are kinder and gentler than the chimp.
**Can Bonobos be kept as pets?**
I would say, well definitely, why not?
Before going further I want to share some facts from the following article:
<https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/mans-new-best-friend-a-forgotten-russian-experiment-in-fox-domestication/>
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/P8S0g.jpg)
>
> Dmitri K. Belyaev, a Russian scientist, may be the man most
> responsible for our understanding of the process by which wolves were
> domesticated into our canine companions.
>
>
> He started his experimentation by attempting to domesticate wild
> foxes. Belyaev and his colleagues took wild silver foxes (a variant of
> the red fox) and bred them, with a strong selection criteria for
> inherent tameness.
>
>
> In each generation foxes that were least fearful and least aggressive
> were chosen for breeding. In each successive generation, less than 20
> percent of individuals were allowed to breed.
>
>
> The result of this breeding program conducted over more than 40
> generations of silver foxes was a group of friendly, domesticated
> foxes.
>
>
> The domesticated foxes were more eager to hang out with humans,
> whimpered to attract attention, and sniffed and licked their
> caretakers. They wagged their tails when they were happy or excited.
> (Does that sound at all like your pet dog?) Further, their fear
> response to new people or objects was reduced, and they were more
> eager to explore new situations. Many of the domesticated foxes had
> floppy ears, short or curly tails, extended reproductive seasons,
> changes in fur coloration, and changes in the shape of their skulls,
> jaws, and teeth. They also lost their "musky fox smell."
>
>
>
Now can we apply this fox and dog analogy to chimps and bonobo? According to researcher Brian Hare, definitely.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/pIB9W.png)
I want to share some facts from the following article:
<http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/notrocketscience/2012/01/25/bonobos-the-self-domesticated-ape/>
Popular theory first put forward by Brian Hare -
>
> **bonobos are “self-domesticated” apes.**
>
>
>
Now I want to share some facts from the following article:
<https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/tame-theory-did-bonobos/>
>
> Rape, murder and warring neighbors are all regular aspects of chimp
> life. Bonobo societies, however, are far more peaceful. Hare thinks
> that the chimplike ancestors of bonobos found themselves in an
> environment where aggressive individuals fared poorly. By selecting
> for the most cooperative ones, evolution forged a "self-domesticated"
> ape, just as Belyaev produced domestic foxes by picking the most
> docile ones.
>
>
> Bonobos and chimpanzees diverged from a common ancestor between one
> million and two million years ago, after the formation of the Congo
> River separated one population of apes into two.
>
>
> Both groups faced very different environments. the northern
> population, which would eventually become chimps, had more competition
> from gorillas for their food. They were forced to compete fiercely
> with one another for whatever was left. Females got a particularly
> short shrift, and were easily overpowered by males for both sex and
> resources.
>
>
> In bonobo-land in the south, the story was different. The river would
> have protected the ancestors of bonobos from gorillas. With more food
> to go around, females could gather in larger groups, form tight social
> bonds, and better resist the advances of males. In this land of
> plenty, the least aggressive males, who opted for alliances rather
> than brute force, were most likely to mate. South of the river, the
> nicer apes thrived.
>
>
> As a result they started maturing more slowly. Many domestic animals
> evolved to become less aggressive by slowing the pace of development,
> so adults retained juvenile traits. For example, as Belyaev’s foxes
> became tamer, their minds and bodies became more like those of puppies
> than wild adults.
>
>
> The same thing probably happened as domestic dogs and bonobos evolved
> from their respective ancestors. Their physiques changed—faces became
> shorter, skulls shrank, sex differences narrowed, teeth shortened and
> sections of their fur lost coloration. Their bodies responded to
> stress in a more muted way. They behaved differently, playing,
> grooming and mating more often. The tamer generations also became more
> sensitive to social cues. Simply by maturing more slowly, they all
> evolved the same set of domesticated traits.
>
>
>
Here an important point to mention.
According to article :
<http://www.janegoodall.org.uk/chimpanzees/chimpanzee-central/15-chimpanzees/chimpanzee-central/28-chimps-as-pets-the-reality>
>
> Chimpanzee and monkey infants are irresistibly cute, and it might seem
> that raising one would be just like raising a human child. As infants,
> chimpanzees are affectionate, needy, and a delight to interact with.
> But chimpanzees grow up fast, and their unique intelligence makes it
> difficult to keep them stimulated and satisfied in a human
> environment. By age five they are stronger than most human adults.
> They become destructive and resentful of discipline. They can, and
> will, bite. Chimpanzee owners have lost fingers and suffered severe
> facial damage.
>
>
>
Does it sound similar? Like what always happens in domestication, the bonobos slowed down their pace of development so that adults retained juvenile traits.
The following article mentions in great details about keeping bonobos as pets:
<http://www.theeoptimist.com/2014/09/chimps-do-not-make-good-pets.html>
>
> Bonobos have a female-dominated society where very little violence
> happens. What violence that does take place tends to happen when a
> male becomes aggressive and the females gang up to put him in his
> place.
>
>
> Instead of violence, bonobos run their society through the
> near-constant exchange of sexual favors. Bonobos are the only
> non-human animals to have been observed engaging in face-to-face sex,
> tongue kissing, and oral sex.
>
>
> Adolescent female bonobos have clitorises that are three to four times
> bigger than those of adolescent girls. So large, in fact, that they
> are easily visible, and waggle while they walk.
>
>
> The bonobos need those big clitorises. Females frequently have sex
> with other females, usually every two to three hours.
>
>
> When a group of bonobos finds a new food source, their excitement
> often results in a group orgy. When two separate tribes encounter
> each other, rather than fight it out like chimps do, the bonobos tend
> to mix it up with yet another orgy, swapping individuals between
> groups. That gets everybody relaxed and on the same page.
>
>
>
So in nutshell, Chimps = violence. Bonobos = sex.
On a lighter note, the best part of the article -
>
> Rather than worry about your chimp suddenly deciding to rip your face
> apart, or tear your arms off and beat you to death with them, with a
> bonobo, your main worry is that your favorite pet might become a
> little too fond of you. And really, that would be kind of a good
> problem, wouldn't it?
>
>
>
So why not take a bonobo as pet? If we can take dogs as pet, surely we can take bonobos as pet as well? |
19,460 | I'm the proud parent of two 10 month old border collie pups - Amber and Ghost, sister and brother respectively.
Training so far is going well. Basic commands (sit, wait, leave, stand, heel, crawl, round, paw, etc even through to "cross" when arriving at a pavement edge) work first time, every time. Some slight re-call issues when off the lead but this is being worked on.
The main issue we have at the moment is that when visitors come round to our house or we meet people on walks (who don't have dogs), their immediate reaction is to jump up excitedly and try to get the most amount of attention possible. The consequence of this, at least 9 times out of 10, is for Ghost to pee everywhere - more recently Amber has started doing so too.
I absolutely want to get rid of the jumping up behaviour. It isn't aggressive in any way and they have never growled or shown aggression in any of the previous 7 months they've been with me - but I know that a lot of people do not want dogs jumping up. I am included in this and want them to stay sat with their tails wagging as fast as physically possible.
Having tried getting the dogs to "sit" and "wait" when people approach out on walks or when the door bell rings, this lasts for only a couple of seconds before they ignore all commands from me and jump up anyway. I've tried to get them to succumb to some tasty treats but, as much as they love treats usually for their rewards, they have no effect in this situation. I've tried holding them by their collars and physically preventing them from jumping (not using any aggressive force, I may add) but this isn't practical and I don't think is the right way to do things.
I'm not so concerned about the peeing as I feel this will improve once their jumping excitement subsides.
I would like to know what techniques others have used in this kind of situation or if anyone could provide some advice which may help me. | 2018/01/14 | [
"https://pets.stackexchange.com/questions/19460",
"https://pets.stackexchange.com",
"https://pets.stackexchange.com/users/11071/"
] | To be blunt, these creatures can have Jekyll and Hyde personalities and can be very vindictive and decisive. I would not get one if you have children or live alone. They can be quite territorial protective and jealous, a combination that is worrisome to say the least. They have been known to turn on there owners/human family and other family pets. There are other classes of chimp or monkey that are safer, such as a leader or spider monkey types. | [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/WMBim.jpg)
**Who are Bonobos?**
Bonobo belong to the genus *Pan*. The two species belonging to the genus *Pan* are *Pan troglodytes* (chimpanzee) and *Pan paniscus* (bonobo)
**Habitat**
Bonobos are found only south of the Congo River and north of the Kasai River (a tributary of the Congo) in the humid forests of the Democratic Republic of Congo of central Africa.
**Difference between Bonobos and Chimps** -
1. Physical difference
The bonobo is slimmer, with a smaller skull, shorter canines and tufts of lighter fur, compared to chimps.
2. Psychological difference
This is where the bonobos differ from chimps the most. Bonobos are kinder and gentler than the chimp.
**Can Bonobos be kept as pets?**
I would say, well definitely, why not?
Before going further I want to share some facts from the following article:
<https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/mans-new-best-friend-a-forgotten-russian-experiment-in-fox-domestication/>
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/P8S0g.jpg)
>
> Dmitri K. Belyaev, a Russian scientist, may be the man most
> responsible for our understanding of the process by which wolves were
> domesticated into our canine companions.
>
>
> He started his experimentation by attempting to domesticate wild
> foxes. Belyaev and his colleagues took wild silver foxes (a variant of
> the red fox) and bred them, with a strong selection criteria for
> inherent tameness.
>
>
> In each generation foxes that were least fearful and least aggressive
> were chosen for breeding. In each successive generation, less than 20
> percent of individuals were allowed to breed.
>
>
> The result of this breeding program conducted over more than 40
> generations of silver foxes was a group of friendly, domesticated
> foxes.
>
>
> The domesticated foxes were more eager to hang out with humans,
> whimpered to attract attention, and sniffed and licked their
> caretakers. They wagged their tails when they were happy or excited.
> (Does that sound at all like your pet dog?) Further, their fear
> response to new people or objects was reduced, and they were more
> eager to explore new situations. Many of the domesticated foxes had
> floppy ears, short or curly tails, extended reproductive seasons,
> changes in fur coloration, and changes in the shape of their skulls,
> jaws, and teeth. They also lost their "musky fox smell."
>
>
>
Now can we apply this fox and dog analogy to chimps and bonobo? According to researcher Brian Hare, definitely.
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/pIB9W.png)
I want to share some facts from the following article:
<http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/notrocketscience/2012/01/25/bonobos-the-self-domesticated-ape/>
Popular theory first put forward by Brian Hare -
>
> **bonobos are “self-domesticated” apes.**
>
>
>
Now I want to share some facts from the following article:
<https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/tame-theory-did-bonobos/>
>
> Rape, murder and warring neighbors are all regular aspects of chimp
> life. Bonobo societies, however, are far more peaceful. Hare thinks
> that the chimplike ancestors of bonobos found themselves in an
> environment where aggressive individuals fared poorly. By selecting
> for the most cooperative ones, evolution forged a "self-domesticated"
> ape, just as Belyaev produced domestic foxes by picking the most
> docile ones.
>
>
> Bonobos and chimpanzees diverged from a common ancestor between one
> million and two million years ago, after the formation of the Congo
> River separated one population of apes into two.
>
>
> Both groups faced very different environments. the northern
> population, which would eventually become chimps, had more competition
> from gorillas for their food. They were forced to compete fiercely
> with one another for whatever was left. Females got a particularly
> short shrift, and were easily overpowered by males for both sex and
> resources.
>
>
> In bonobo-land in the south, the story was different. The river would
> have protected the ancestors of bonobos from gorillas. With more food
> to go around, females could gather in larger groups, form tight social
> bonds, and better resist the advances of males. In this land of
> plenty, the least aggressive males, who opted for alliances rather
> than brute force, were most likely to mate. South of the river, the
> nicer apes thrived.
>
>
> As a result they started maturing more slowly. Many domestic animals
> evolved to become less aggressive by slowing the pace of development,
> so adults retained juvenile traits. For example, as Belyaev’s foxes
> became tamer, their minds and bodies became more like those of puppies
> than wild adults.
>
>
> The same thing probably happened as domestic dogs and bonobos evolved
> from their respective ancestors. Their physiques changed—faces became
> shorter, skulls shrank, sex differences narrowed, teeth shortened and
> sections of their fur lost coloration. Their bodies responded to
> stress in a more muted way. They behaved differently, playing,
> grooming and mating more often. The tamer generations also became more
> sensitive to social cues. Simply by maturing more slowly, they all
> evolved the same set of domesticated traits.
>
>
>
Here an important point to mention.
According to article :
<http://www.janegoodall.org.uk/chimpanzees/chimpanzee-central/15-chimpanzees/chimpanzee-central/28-chimps-as-pets-the-reality>
>
> Chimpanzee and monkey infants are irresistibly cute, and it might seem
> that raising one would be just like raising a human child. As infants,
> chimpanzees are affectionate, needy, and a delight to interact with.
> But chimpanzees grow up fast, and their unique intelligence makes it
> difficult to keep them stimulated and satisfied in a human
> environment. By age five they are stronger than most human adults.
> They become destructive and resentful of discipline. They can, and
> will, bite. Chimpanzee owners have lost fingers and suffered severe
> facial damage.
>
>
>
Does it sound similar? Like what always happens in domestication, the bonobos slowed down their pace of development so that adults retained juvenile traits.
The following article mentions in great details about keeping bonobos as pets:
<http://www.theeoptimist.com/2014/09/chimps-do-not-make-good-pets.html>
>
> Bonobos have a female-dominated society where very little violence
> happens. What violence that does take place tends to happen when a
> male becomes aggressive and the females gang up to put him in his
> place.
>
>
> Instead of violence, bonobos run their society through the
> near-constant exchange of sexual favors. Bonobos are the only
> non-human animals to have been observed engaging in face-to-face sex,
> tongue kissing, and oral sex.
>
>
> Adolescent female bonobos have clitorises that are three to four times
> bigger than those of adolescent girls. So large, in fact, that they
> are easily visible, and waggle while they walk.
>
>
> The bonobos need those big clitorises. Females frequently have sex
> with other females, usually every two to three hours.
>
>
> When a group of bonobos finds a new food source, their excitement
> often results in a group orgy. When two separate tribes encounter
> each other, rather than fight it out like chimps do, the bonobos tend
> to mix it up with yet another orgy, swapping individuals between
> groups. That gets everybody relaxed and on the same page.
>
>
>
So in nutshell, Chimps = violence. Bonobos = sex.
On a lighter note, the best part of the article -
>
> Rather than worry about your chimp suddenly deciding to rip your face
> apart, or tear your arms off and beat you to death with them, with a
> bonobo, your main worry is that your favorite pet might become a
> little too fond of you. And really, that would be kind of a good
> problem, wouldn't it?
>
>
>
So why not take a bonobo as pet? If we can take dogs as pet, surely we can take bonobos as pet as well? |
19,460 | I'm the proud parent of two 10 month old border collie pups - Amber and Ghost, sister and brother respectively.
Training so far is going well. Basic commands (sit, wait, leave, stand, heel, crawl, round, paw, etc even through to "cross" when arriving at a pavement edge) work first time, every time. Some slight re-call issues when off the lead but this is being worked on.
The main issue we have at the moment is that when visitors come round to our house or we meet people on walks (who don't have dogs), their immediate reaction is to jump up excitedly and try to get the most amount of attention possible. The consequence of this, at least 9 times out of 10, is for Ghost to pee everywhere - more recently Amber has started doing so too.
I absolutely want to get rid of the jumping up behaviour. It isn't aggressive in any way and they have never growled or shown aggression in any of the previous 7 months they've been with me - but I know that a lot of people do not want dogs jumping up. I am included in this and want them to stay sat with their tails wagging as fast as physically possible.
Having tried getting the dogs to "sit" and "wait" when people approach out on walks or when the door bell rings, this lasts for only a couple of seconds before they ignore all commands from me and jump up anyway. I've tried to get them to succumb to some tasty treats but, as much as they love treats usually for their rewards, they have no effect in this situation. I've tried holding them by their collars and physically preventing them from jumping (not using any aggressive force, I may add) but this isn't practical and I don't think is the right way to do things.
I'm not so concerned about the peeing as I feel this will improve once their jumping excitement subsides.
I would like to know what techniques others have used in this kind of situation or if anyone could provide some advice which may help me. | 2018/01/14 | [
"https://pets.stackexchange.com/questions/19460",
"https://pets.stackexchange.com",
"https://pets.stackexchange.com/users/11071/"
] | Bonobos are NOT pets!
---------------------
And please, for you and the bonobo, do not try to keep one as pet. There are at least four reasons for this:
1. Bonobos are not safe.
2. The circumstances of bonobo capture and sale.
3. Bonobo care.
4. Legality.
**1. Bonobos are not safe to be around for humans.**
This story on [BBC](http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160317-do-bonobos-really-spend-all-their-time-having-sex) debunks a few of the myths around bonobos; they do bite and are not much smaller than chimps. One of the best researched Bonobos, [Kanzi (audio story)](http://www.upworthy.com/an-ape-bites-his-handlers-fingers-off-waits-8-months-and-then-literally-apologizes-7), bit his handler's finger off. Yes, he apologized, but that does not make him a safe ape.
Have you seen the enclosures in which bonobos are kept? There is a reason they are not part of the petting zoo...
**2. The circumstances of bonobo capture and sale.**
For you to be able to buy/get hold of a young bonobo, you will need to pry it from his/her mother. She will not take this lightly. The way this is usually is done is simple: kill the mother (for bush meat maybe) and sell the youngling. As these apes are quite smart and do have emotions similar to humans, you can imagine this is not a great start to have for a bonobo.
And zoos do not sell to the public.
**3. Bonobo care.**
All great apes need specialized care. For dogs, cats, and other small pets we know a lot of how to keep them healthy. Less so for apes. Never mind the habitat. You will not be able to provide them the necessary environment they need: their natural habitat with other bonobos.
Maybe you find a way to get the right foodstuffs. Probably you don't. This is normally done by zoo workers with the special education to get this right.
And never mind if your bonobo gets ill. What vet can take care of him/her? Or do you take it to your doctor? Nope, just nope.
**4. Legality.**
And, lastly, there are laws in place. Bonobos are an [endangered species](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonobo#Conservation_status). You are not allowed to import one into the [USA](https://www.cdc.gov/importation/bringing-an-animal-into-the-united-states/monkeys.html). Nor the EU. (I cannot find a [link](http://endcap.eu/wild-pets-in-the-eu/) right now, but every country will have a list.)
**Romanticized ideal:**
Because bonobos look so much like chimps, they are compared to them. And compared to chimps, bonobos are sweet, caring and social creatures. But just because chimps are dangerous, that does not make bonobos safe.
The picture you paint of the bonobo almost makes for ideal pet. But bonobos are [wild animals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonobo#Behavior). They can and will [harm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonobo#Peacefulness) you if you try to keep them as pets.
What you are doing with your question is trying to build a case why it is alright to keep a bonobo as pet. It's not. Wild animals do not equal pets.
And a few quotes:
>
> For every wild animal captured and sold as a wild pet, an estimated 50 may be killed or die in transit
>
>
> Wild animals often harbour usual and harmful diseases: including avian influenza and psittacosis from birds, salmonellosis from amphibians, reptiles and birds, and hepatitis A, tuberculosis, monkey pox and herpesvirus simiae-B from primates
>
>
>
Also, if you do have several million dollar lying around, you might want to donate that to a zoo so they can build something [like this](https://issuu.com/adampeterroberts/docs/arc_308_sustainability_and_environment). They probably will grant you live time access to that enclosure. | You should not get a Bonobo as a pet, they are aggressive and dangerous, and like with any smart animal, will use toddler style manipulation to get what they want. But I understand where you are coming from and thus recommend safer pets that hopefully meet your desire. If you want something ape like look no further than the (make sure it's legal in your state and country) American Opossum, Sugar glider, Marmoset, raccoon, or Kinkaju. If you would like something intelligent then look no further than octopus, raccoon, rat, pig, many special of parrots, and the ferret. And if your still stand on a monkey click on this link to go to Poggi's animal house to get a Marmoset
<http://m.poggisanimalhouse.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.poggisanimalhouse.com%2F&dm_redirected=true#2717> |
19,460 | I'm the proud parent of two 10 month old border collie pups - Amber and Ghost, sister and brother respectively.
Training so far is going well. Basic commands (sit, wait, leave, stand, heel, crawl, round, paw, etc even through to "cross" when arriving at a pavement edge) work first time, every time. Some slight re-call issues when off the lead but this is being worked on.
The main issue we have at the moment is that when visitors come round to our house or we meet people on walks (who don't have dogs), their immediate reaction is to jump up excitedly and try to get the most amount of attention possible. The consequence of this, at least 9 times out of 10, is for Ghost to pee everywhere - more recently Amber has started doing so too.
I absolutely want to get rid of the jumping up behaviour. It isn't aggressive in any way and they have never growled or shown aggression in any of the previous 7 months they've been with me - but I know that a lot of people do not want dogs jumping up. I am included in this and want them to stay sat with their tails wagging as fast as physically possible.
Having tried getting the dogs to "sit" and "wait" when people approach out on walks or when the door bell rings, this lasts for only a couple of seconds before they ignore all commands from me and jump up anyway. I've tried to get them to succumb to some tasty treats but, as much as they love treats usually for their rewards, they have no effect in this situation. I've tried holding them by their collars and physically preventing them from jumping (not using any aggressive force, I may add) but this isn't practical and I don't think is the right way to do things.
I'm not so concerned about the peeing as I feel this will improve once their jumping excitement subsides.
I would like to know what techniques others have used in this kind of situation or if anyone could provide some advice which may help me. | 2018/01/14 | [
"https://pets.stackexchange.com/questions/19460",
"https://pets.stackexchange.com",
"https://pets.stackexchange.com/users/11071/"
] | Bonobos are NOT pets!
---------------------
And please, for you and the bonobo, do not try to keep one as pet. There are at least four reasons for this:
1. Bonobos are not safe.
2. The circumstances of bonobo capture and sale.
3. Bonobo care.
4. Legality.
**1. Bonobos are not safe to be around for humans.**
This story on [BBC](http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160317-do-bonobos-really-spend-all-their-time-having-sex) debunks a few of the myths around bonobos; they do bite and are not much smaller than chimps. One of the best researched Bonobos, [Kanzi (audio story)](http://www.upworthy.com/an-ape-bites-his-handlers-fingers-off-waits-8-months-and-then-literally-apologizes-7), bit his handler's finger off. Yes, he apologized, but that does not make him a safe ape.
Have you seen the enclosures in which bonobos are kept? There is a reason they are not part of the petting zoo...
**2. The circumstances of bonobo capture and sale.**
For you to be able to buy/get hold of a young bonobo, you will need to pry it from his/her mother. She will not take this lightly. The way this is usually is done is simple: kill the mother (for bush meat maybe) and sell the youngling. As these apes are quite smart and do have emotions similar to humans, you can imagine this is not a great start to have for a bonobo.
And zoos do not sell to the public.
**3. Bonobo care.**
All great apes need specialized care. For dogs, cats, and other small pets we know a lot of how to keep them healthy. Less so for apes. Never mind the habitat. You will not be able to provide them the necessary environment they need: their natural habitat with other bonobos.
Maybe you find a way to get the right foodstuffs. Probably you don't. This is normally done by zoo workers with the special education to get this right.
And never mind if your bonobo gets ill. What vet can take care of him/her? Or do you take it to your doctor? Nope, just nope.
**4. Legality.**
And, lastly, there are laws in place. Bonobos are an [endangered species](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonobo#Conservation_status). You are not allowed to import one into the [USA](https://www.cdc.gov/importation/bringing-an-animal-into-the-united-states/monkeys.html). Nor the EU. (I cannot find a [link](http://endcap.eu/wild-pets-in-the-eu/) right now, but every country will have a list.)
**Romanticized ideal:**
Because bonobos look so much like chimps, they are compared to them. And compared to chimps, bonobos are sweet, caring and social creatures. But just because chimps are dangerous, that does not make bonobos safe.
The picture you paint of the bonobo almost makes for ideal pet. But bonobos are [wild animals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonobo#Behavior). They can and will [harm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonobo#Peacefulness) you if you try to keep them as pets.
What you are doing with your question is trying to build a case why it is alright to keep a bonobo as pet. It's not. Wild animals do not equal pets.
And a few quotes:
>
> For every wild animal captured and sold as a wild pet, an estimated 50 may be killed or die in transit
>
>
> Wild animals often harbour usual and harmful diseases: including avian influenza and psittacosis from birds, salmonellosis from amphibians, reptiles and birds, and hepatitis A, tuberculosis, monkey pox and herpesvirus simiae-B from primates
>
>
>
Also, if you do have several million dollar lying around, you might want to donate that to a zoo so they can build something [like this](https://issuu.com/adampeterroberts/docs/arc_308_sustainability_and_environment). They probably will grant you live time access to that enclosure. | To be blunt, these creatures can have Jekyll and Hyde personalities and can be very vindictive and decisive. I would not get one if you have children or live alone. They can be quite territorial protective and jealous, a combination that is worrisome to say the least. They have been known to turn on there owners/human family and other family pets. There are other classes of chimp or monkey that are safer, such as a leader or spider monkey types. |
177,279 | I've made it so they have the ability to echolocate and for the main character, a person with sight, the lighting is odd because it only comes from fires that are a necessity for warmth, cooking or forging.
My question would be, would windows be of any use in a windy city? | 2020/05/27 | [
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/questions/177279",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com",
"https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/users/75712/"
] | Ventilation and temperature control
===================================
The windows are probably not going to look like modern windows, with nicely tempered glass, but if we're defining a window as something you can open that's not a door then you'd probably want them still. Depending on climate these might look like shutters, sliding metal panels, or even just holes in the walls.
EDIT: good airflow is going to be particularly important if you provide warmth with indoor fires. | Ventilation
===========
You'll want some form of windows to help stay cool in the summer and to help give you enough fresh air to fuel the fireplaces. Here's a [detailed guide](https://www.windowmaster.com/solutions/natural-ventilation/natural-ventilation-design-guidelines) to window ventilation and below is a diagram from [here](http://bcapcodes.org/tools/code-builder/commercial/ventilation/).
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/kmW3S.png)
If there's a fireplace in every room, you also want to think about how your people will escape if there's a fire. You might want to have windows or other openings in larger buildings to make it easier to get out. |
3,428,691 | I'm trying to make resizable UIViews of which users can resize (code is done for that) and drag it around. Now I need to make it look like what it looks like in IB, with circles at its corners to drag, and dotted lines as borders of the UIView.
How do you think I should go about doing this?
Many thanks. | 2010/08/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/3428691",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/338926/"
] | The proper way to do that is to override the `drawRect:` method of the UIView subclass (your draggable views in this case.)
>
> When you subclass UIView to create a custom class that draws itself, implement the drawRect: method to draw the view within the specified region. This method is invoked the first time a view displays or when an event occurs that invalidates a part of the view’s frame requiring it to redraw its content.
>
>
>
You can see some instructions for doing custom drawing at: [drawrect:](http://developer.apple.com/iphone/library/documentation/uikit/reference/UIView_Class/UIView/UIView.html#//apple_ref/occ/instm/UIView/drawRect:)
Good luck. | I know this question is pretty old, but I wrote a custom control to achieve exactly this. Someone else who happens upon this question may find it useful: <https://github.com/spoletto/SPUserResizableView>
 |
30,978 | I figure any definition for a word boundary is probably somewhat fuzzy. However, I thought, instead of banging my head against the wall trying to come with an ad-hoc solution, I would throw this out there.
Identifying word boundaries in English is, generally speaking, not a big deal: the / big / house / etc. If I were asked to create of a phonological tree (coda, onset, nucleus, word boundary) for any of these words, it would not be that challenging. However, when running into words like "eye-opener" or "bedroom" or "motorcycle", identifying the word boundary seems somewhat problematic. Would you all recommend claiming there is a word boundary between these words in the compounds or just treat the whole compound as a single word? Perhaps this has to do with the degree in which the word has been lexicalized in the language, but I'll leave that for discussion below. | 2019/03/27 | [
"https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/questions/30978",
"https://linguistics.stackexchange.com",
"https://linguistics.stackexchange.com/users/19727/"
] | The question relies on a number of unidentified assumptions about word boundaries, which are not totally alien but also are not obvious or obviously right. The main problem I see is the premise that there is this one thing, word boundary, that solves myriad problems.
The notion of there being a single "phonological tree" seems to be historically based on importing notions of structure from syntax (we wanted phonology to be more like syntax), but the properties of tree-like representations as used in syllable and foot structure are *not* the same as those employed in syntactic representations (prosodic structure is not seriously recursive in the way that syntactic trees are; phonological "trees" flout the single-mother convention). Attempting to align phonological grouping with morphosyntactic grouping just leads to tears, though that is not obvious if you consider just English. The problem is that combining a VC root with a VC prefix and a VC suffix typically leads to phonological V.C+V.C+VC, i.e. syllable boundaries seriously misaligned with morpheme boundaries.
In English and in contrast to other languages such as Arabic, there is not much evidence for resyllabification between words, so prosodic and syntactic constituency are not generally at odds. At the level of affixation, we do have mismatches involving V-initial suffixes (invite [ɪn.ˈvajʔ], invitee [ɪn.vaj.ˈtʰi]), but not at the phrasal level in e.g. "invite Igor". In asking about word boundaries in "the big house", "motorcycle" or "What are you going to do?", you have to have a theory of entities (are there both word and syllable boundaries? Are there also morpheme boundaries?), and what those entities do for you. Are there necessary or sufficient criteria for diagnosing ".", "+" or "#"?
The reason for positing word boundaries is usually syntactic: "the" is a word, it occupies a certain syntactic position, same with "big". We might claim that "motorcycle" has an internal word boundary because "motor" and "cycle" are words, and neither can reasonably be called a prefix or suffix. Phonologically speaking, there is nothing about "motorcycle" that demands a word boundary.
Certain concatenations that can be lumped together under the rubric "contraction", for example "going to" → "gonna", "will not" → "won't", "got you" → "gotcha", also "Harry's", behave phonologically more like affixational structures, even though they are syntactically more like word combinations. Just positing a readjustment of boundaries (removing the "#") does not solve all of the problems, especially in negative inflections (my analytic prejudice is now revealed).
The final complication in analyzing the aforementioned concatenations is that boundaries are also invoked to account for some facts of speech speech rhythm. The two syllables of "lighthouse" have a fixed rhythmic organization (prominence on the first syllable), but the phrase "light house" has variable rhythm (depends on whether you're shopping for a light house vs a heavy house; or is the discussion about a house that is light vs. a hose that is light). Again, attempting to reduce these speech rhythm properties to nothing more than differences in word boundaries has proven to be futile. Once you introduce some other mechanism for encoding rhythmic distinctions, manipulations of word boundaries becomes unnecessary – we can just posit that word boundaries are there if and only if we syntactically concatenate two words. You still have to have an account of whether "won't" is two syntactic words (as opposed to two syntactically-mandated functions manifested within a single word).
In other words, manipulating word boundaries has not proven to be a useful method of analysis. | I thought recently, that it would be pragmatic to treat words strictly as phrases. A word can appear in a single-word phrase. Theoretically, any word could be the answer to the question for the signet described by any appropriate definition. That test would be a circular definition, if asking "what's the word". Omitting that meta-level, the range of single-word phrases would be limited. Certainly, "The" and other particles and morphemes that aren't meaningful on their own can never appear alone. Indeed, "the" could be treated as a morpheme, I believe, or any other way.
This idea stems from a thought about lexicography on where to draw the line between words and phrases, if trying to be as inclusive as possible.
I didn't give it much thought since.
[to be continued]
In that sense "motor boat" would be at least three words, "motor", "boat" and "motor boat". This would be recursive. |
60,628 | While reviewing the superb answers to [this question about *free will*](https://christianity.stackexchange.com/q/54588/24204), I was inspired to leave [a comment for Ian](https://christianity.stackexchange.com/a/56596/24204) that I realized ought to be its own question.
As I understand (and possibly misunderstand) Reformed theology, "works" are things that we do, and as such are not included in that which provides justification nor salvation. I then consider the act of will that is making a choice to open one's heart to Jesus Christ, a decision that I finally made in my late 40's to accept salvation through Him alone. Thus began my walk in Faith (though I keep stubbing my toes on those rocks in the road ...). It appears to me that my choice, my decision to accept Salvation through Jesus Christ is a Work since it is something that involved my agency.
From a more Determinist and Calvinist perspective, how does my acceptance of Jesus Christ *not* classify as a Work, since it was something that I did but that I could have chosen not to do? (If other Reformed denominations view this differently, that perspective would also be appreciated in contrast).
From my perspective, I feel like I've tripped over a contradiction in the general case of not being saved nor justified by Works, yet it took my agency to accept Christ as my Savior. (It is quite possible that I simply don't understand the theology well enough, hence the question).
How does the Reformed/Calvinist theology resolve this (seeming) contradiction?
---
I am under the impression that there are other Reformed denominations than Calvinist, but that may be wrong so the bottom line question needs to be answered from the PoV of Calvinist/Reformed theology. (I am seeking more help in chat to get my terminology right on this). I note that [this question is related](https://christianity.stackexchange.com/q/47011/24204) to my question in addressing the free will issue. | 2017/11/08 | [
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/questions/60628",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/users/24204/"
] | I am a Reformed Pastor and I think the passage most Reformed Christians would turn to is: Ephesians 2: 8-9:
>
> For it is by grace you have been saved, through faith—and this is not from yourselves, it is the gift of God— not by works, so that no one can boast.
>
>
>
Much like Catholic teaching referred to above faith is a gift of grace, once your eyes have been opened to the truth, having faith is not seen as work because you don’t do it, rather it would involve work to disbelieve. Often the Reformed will emphasise that it is by grace, through faith, not by faith through grace! | First, I am not a Calvinist and do not subscribe to Reformed theology, but my theology in this case would likely align with Reformed belief, although I haven't verified this. My perspective may fall under your category of "other perspectives."
Romans 4 addresses the issue directly.
Verse 2-5 (emphasis mine),
>
> For **if** Abraham was justified **by works**, he has something to boast about, but not before God. For what does the Scripture say? “**Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.**” 4 Now to the one who works, his wage is not credited as a favor, but as what is due. 5 But **to the one who does not work, but believes** in Him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is credited as righteousness
>
>
>
Here we have **works and belief contrasted**. Works and faith are also contrasted in Ephesians 2. It is important to note these contrasts, while also avoiding the neglect of passages that call those of the faith to good works. Believers are called to good works, but that's always after believing, which is not a work but could be considered a position or disposition. The position is "in Christ, by faith." |
60,628 | While reviewing the superb answers to [this question about *free will*](https://christianity.stackexchange.com/q/54588/24204), I was inspired to leave [a comment for Ian](https://christianity.stackexchange.com/a/56596/24204) that I realized ought to be its own question.
As I understand (and possibly misunderstand) Reformed theology, "works" are things that we do, and as such are not included in that which provides justification nor salvation. I then consider the act of will that is making a choice to open one's heart to Jesus Christ, a decision that I finally made in my late 40's to accept salvation through Him alone. Thus began my walk in Faith (though I keep stubbing my toes on those rocks in the road ...). It appears to me that my choice, my decision to accept Salvation through Jesus Christ is a Work since it is something that involved my agency.
From a more Determinist and Calvinist perspective, how does my acceptance of Jesus Christ *not* classify as a Work, since it was something that I did but that I could have chosen not to do? (If other Reformed denominations view this differently, that perspective would also be appreciated in contrast).
From my perspective, I feel like I've tripped over a contradiction in the general case of not being saved nor justified by Works, yet it took my agency to accept Christ as my Savior. (It is quite possible that I simply don't understand the theology well enough, hence the question).
How does the Reformed/Calvinist theology resolve this (seeming) contradiction?
---
I am under the impression that there are other Reformed denominations than Calvinist, but that may be wrong so the bottom line question needs to be answered from the PoV of Calvinist/Reformed theology. (I am seeking more help in chat to get my terminology right on this). I note that [this question is related](https://christianity.stackexchange.com/q/47011/24204) to my question in addressing the free will issue. | 2017/11/08 | [
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/questions/60628",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/users/24204/"
] | You've fallen into a common trap of examining a single piece of a theological system by importing that piece into your own construct rather than seeing how it fits into its own context. A Reformed understanding of soteriology is dependent on several interwoven ideas about God and his role in creation.
Note this assumption in your question is not representative of Reformed thought:
>
> […] how does my acceptance of Jesus Christ not classify as a Work, since it was something that I did that I could have chosen not to do?
>
>
>
One of the points in the classic *TULIP* acronym that calls out some key points of Reformed soteriology is "Irresistible Grace". The Reformed faith puts God fully in control of all aspects of salvation. He is sovereign and we are not: not even over our own lives. We are his creatures created for his purposes — and for his elect that means that we were created to be called his people and God *will* have his way. His calling us to repentance and belief is not something we could ignore. It is a gracious gift given to us that once given *will* achieve its purpose.
As such if you are indeed one of God's elect choosing not to accept him is not actually something you can do. The catch is that we don't know who the elect are. As a wise preacher once said¹:
>
> If the Lord had put a yellow stripe down the backs of the elect, I’d go up and down the street lifting up shirt tails, finding out who had the yellow stripe, and then I’d give them the gospel. But God didn’t do it that way. He told me to preach the gospel to every creature that “whosoever will may come.” Jesus says, “and him that cometh to me I will in no wise cast out.”
>
>
>
Going back to your question, you describe your own journey as your own act of will:
>
> I then consider the act of will that is making a choice to open one's heart to Jesus Christ, an act of will, a choice, a decision that I finally made in my late 40's to accept salvation through Him alone.
>
>
>
A Calvinist would dispute your assertion that this was your own uninfluenced will. We do in fact believe in free will—but only free in so far as it will inevitably act according to its nature. Humans act according to human nature and are limited by it.
* A bird has wings and can fly. A bird may jump off a branch at will and fly where it will. Meanwhile if I jump out the 8th floor window of my office I will inevitably be scraped up off the sidewalk. I do not have wings and no amount of willing myself to fly will make it happen. I am limited by my nature as a biped mammal. I can use my creativity to construct an parachute or an airplane and to seemingly defy the law of gravity, but this is really not doing anything against nature, only using the laws of physics to my advantage. In spite of the novelty of flight pulled off by the Wright brothers they didn't actually transcend human nature.
* A fish may swim and breath freely in water, but I cannot. I can hold my breath, or invent a breathing apparatus, or travel in a submarine, I am limited by my physical nature and and endeavors to supplement that are really just extensions of the physical reality we were created inside of.
Similarly in a Calvinistic worldview (the T in *TULIP*) man is inherently sinful. Part of our fundamental nature is depraved: all mankind in Adam transgressed God's commandments and has been from that moment separated from him (we died). Just as we cannot retroactively choose our biological parents or even citizenship at birth (much less choose to be something else entirely) so we do not have a choice at birth about whether we are friends or enemies of God. Or view of original sin is that man is irreparably damaged and by virtue of our birth in Adam have a core nature that both is sinful and will choose to sin. If you want to read up on this point of Reformed soteriology "Federal Headship" is what you're looking for.
Only by supernatural (contrary to nature, something only the divine creator himself can do) intervention can we be saved and reconciled to God. Left to our own ends we will inevitably and always make the same choices as Adam. In Adam, there is NONE righteous, not even one (cf. Romans 3).
When any human makes a decision to accept salvation through Jesus Christ we believe that Christ through the Holy Spirit began the work regenerating their hearts—removing the heart of stone and replacing it with one of flesh that desires the things of God. Our very first inkling of a desire for God is an undeserved gift of Grace that only the elect will truly experience, and were it not for God first bestowing that grace we would never make that choice.
On the flip side having been given that grace, we will inevitably act according to the new natures given to us in Christ: repenting and going on to good works that glorify the Son.
---
¹ This quote is commonly attributed to Charles Spurgeon, but Spurgeon was in fact acknowledged (Sermon #2843) he got the idea from Rowland Hill, someone who predated him. Whether the quote originated with Hill or whether he in turn got in from some other source doesn't seem to be known. | First, I am not a Calvinist and do not subscribe to Reformed theology, but my theology in this case would likely align with Reformed belief, although I haven't verified this. My perspective may fall under your category of "other perspectives."
Romans 4 addresses the issue directly.
Verse 2-5 (emphasis mine),
>
> For **if** Abraham was justified **by works**, he has something to boast about, but not before God. For what does the Scripture say? “**Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.**” 4 Now to the one who works, his wage is not credited as a favor, but as what is due. 5 But **to the one who does not work, but believes** in Him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is credited as righteousness
>
>
>
Here we have **works and belief contrasted**. Works and faith are also contrasted in Ephesians 2. It is important to note these contrasts, while also avoiding the neglect of passages that call those of the faith to good works. Believers are called to good works, but that's always after believing, which is not a work but could be considered a position or disposition. The position is "in Christ, by faith." |
60,628 | While reviewing the superb answers to [this question about *free will*](https://christianity.stackexchange.com/q/54588/24204), I was inspired to leave [a comment for Ian](https://christianity.stackexchange.com/a/56596/24204) that I realized ought to be its own question.
As I understand (and possibly misunderstand) Reformed theology, "works" are things that we do, and as such are not included in that which provides justification nor salvation. I then consider the act of will that is making a choice to open one's heart to Jesus Christ, a decision that I finally made in my late 40's to accept salvation through Him alone. Thus began my walk in Faith (though I keep stubbing my toes on those rocks in the road ...). It appears to me that my choice, my decision to accept Salvation through Jesus Christ is a Work since it is something that involved my agency.
From a more Determinist and Calvinist perspective, how does my acceptance of Jesus Christ *not* classify as a Work, since it was something that I did but that I could have chosen not to do? (If other Reformed denominations view this differently, that perspective would also be appreciated in contrast).
From my perspective, I feel like I've tripped over a contradiction in the general case of not being saved nor justified by Works, yet it took my agency to accept Christ as my Savior. (It is quite possible that I simply don't understand the theology well enough, hence the question).
How does the Reformed/Calvinist theology resolve this (seeming) contradiction?
---
I am under the impression that there are other Reformed denominations than Calvinist, but that may be wrong so the bottom line question needs to be answered from the PoV of Calvinist/Reformed theology. (I am seeking more help in chat to get my terminology right on this). I note that [this question is related](https://christianity.stackexchange.com/q/47011/24204) to my question in addressing the free will issue. | 2017/11/08 | [
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/questions/60628",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/users/24204/"
] | You've fallen into a common trap of examining a single piece of a theological system by importing that piece into your own construct rather than seeing how it fits into its own context. A Reformed understanding of soteriology is dependent on several interwoven ideas about God and his role in creation.
Note this assumption in your question is not representative of Reformed thought:
>
> […] how does my acceptance of Jesus Christ not classify as a Work, since it was something that I did that I could have chosen not to do?
>
>
>
One of the points in the classic *TULIP* acronym that calls out some key points of Reformed soteriology is "Irresistible Grace". The Reformed faith puts God fully in control of all aspects of salvation. He is sovereign and we are not: not even over our own lives. We are his creatures created for his purposes — and for his elect that means that we were created to be called his people and God *will* have his way. His calling us to repentance and belief is not something we could ignore. It is a gracious gift given to us that once given *will* achieve its purpose.
As such if you are indeed one of God's elect choosing not to accept him is not actually something you can do. The catch is that we don't know who the elect are. As a wise preacher once said¹:
>
> If the Lord had put a yellow stripe down the backs of the elect, I’d go up and down the street lifting up shirt tails, finding out who had the yellow stripe, and then I’d give them the gospel. But God didn’t do it that way. He told me to preach the gospel to every creature that “whosoever will may come.” Jesus says, “and him that cometh to me I will in no wise cast out.”
>
>
>
Going back to your question, you describe your own journey as your own act of will:
>
> I then consider the act of will that is making a choice to open one's heart to Jesus Christ, an act of will, a choice, a decision that I finally made in my late 40's to accept salvation through Him alone.
>
>
>
A Calvinist would dispute your assertion that this was your own uninfluenced will. We do in fact believe in free will—but only free in so far as it will inevitably act according to its nature. Humans act according to human nature and are limited by it.
* A bird has wings and can fly. A bird may jump off a branch at will and fly where it will. Meanwhile if I jump out the 8th floor window of my office I will inevitably be scraped up off the sidewalk. I do not have wings and no amount of willing myself to fly will make it happen. I am limited by my nature as a biped mammal. I can use my creativity to construct an parachute or an airplane and to seemingly defy the law of gravity, but this is really not doing anything against nature, only using the laws of physics to my advantage. In spite of the novelty of flight pulled off by the Wright brothers they didn't actually transcend human nature.
* A fish may swim and breath freely in water, but I cannot. I can hold my breath, or invent a breathing apparatus, or travel in a submarine, I am limited by my physical nature and and endeavors to supplement that are really just extensions of the physical reality we were created inside of.
Similarly in a Calvinistic worldview (the T in *TULIP*) man is inherently sinful. Part of our fundamental nature is depraved: all mankind in Adam transgressed God's commandments and has been from that moment separated from him (we died). Just as we cannot retroactively choose our biological parents or even citizenship at birth (much less choose to be something else entirely) so we do not have a choice at birth about whether we are friends or enemies of God. Or view of original sin is that man is irreparably damaged and by virtue of our birth in Adam have a core nature that both is sinful and will choose to sin. If you want to read up on this point of Reformed soteriology "Federal Headship" is what you're looking for.
Only by supernatural (contrary to nature, something only the divine creator himself can do) intervention can we be saved and reconciled to God. Left to our own ends we will inevitably and always make the same choices as Adam. In Adam, there is NONE righteous, not even one (cf. Romans 3).
When any human makes a decision to accept salvation through Jesus Christ we believe that Christ through the Holy Spirit began the work regenerating their hearts—removing the heart of stone and replacing it with one of flesh that desires the things of God. Our very first inkling of a desire for God is an undeserved gift of Grace that only the elect will truly experience, and were it not for God first bestowing that grace we would never make that choice.
On the flip side having been given that grace, we will inevitably act according to the new natures given to us in Christ: repenting and going on to good works that glorify the Son.
---
¹ This quote is commonly attributed to Charles Spurgeon, but Spurgeon was in fact acknowledged (Sermon #2843) he got the idea from Rowland Hill, someone who predated him. Whether the quote originated with Hill or whether he in turn got in from some other source doesn't seem to be known. | I am a Reformed Pastor and I think the passage most Reformed Christians would turn to is: Ephesians 2: 8-9:
>
> For it is by grace you have been saved, through faith—and this is not from yourselves, it is the gift of God— not by works, so that no one can boast.
>
>
>
Much like Catholic teaching referred to above faith is a gift of grace, once your eyes have been opened to the truth, having faith is not seen as work because you don’t do it, rather it would involve work to disbelieve. Often the Reformed will emphasise that it is by grace, through faith, not by faith through grace! |
60,628 | While reviewing the superb answers to [this question about *free will*](https://christianity.stackexchange.com/q/54588/24204), I was inspired to leave [a comment for Ian](https://christianity.stackexchange.com/a/56596/24204) that I realized ought to be its own question.
As I understand (and possibly misunderstand) Reformed theology, "works" are things that we do, and as such are not included in that which provides justification nor salvation. I then consider the act of will that is making a choice to open one's heart to Jesus Christ, a decision that I finally made in my late 40's to accept salvation through Him alone. Thus began my walk in Faith (though I keep stubbing my toes on those rocks in the road ...). It appears to me that my choice, my decision to accept Salvation through Jesus Christ is a Work since it is something that involved my agency.
From a more Determinist and Calvinist perspective, how does my acceptance of Jesus Christ *not* classify as a Work, since it was something that I did but that I could have chosen not to do? (If other Reformed denominations view this differently, that perspective would also be appreciated in contrast).
From my perspective, I feel like I've tripped over a contradiction in the general case of not being saved nor justified by Works, yet it took my agency to accept Christ as my Savior. (It is quite possible that I simply don't understand the theology well enough, hence the question).
How does the Reformed/Calvinist theology resolve this (seeming) contradiction?
---
I am under the impression that there are other Reformed denominations than Calvinist, but that may be wrong so the bottom line question needs to be answered from the PoV of Calvinist/Reformed theology. (I am seeking more help in chat to get my terminology right on this). I note that [this question is related](https://christianity.stackexchange.com/q/47011/24204) to my question in addressing the free will issue. | 2017/11/08 | [
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/questions/60628",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/users/24204/"
] | I am a Reformed Pastor and I think the passage most Reformed Christians would turn to is: Ephesians 2: 8-9:
>
> For it is by grace you have been saved, through faith—and this is not from yourselves, it is the gift of God— not by works, so that no one can boast.
>
>
>
Much like Catholic teaching referred to above faith is a gift of grace, once your eyes have been opened to the truth, having faith is not seen as work because you don’t do it, rather it would involve work to disbelieve. Often the Reformed will emphasise that it is by grace, through faith, not by faith through grace! | You have arrived at the final destination of the Calvinist trap. Is obeying God's commands a system of works? Too many people are easily discarding the will of God and throwing out His commands, calling them instead works of man.
There are works that are works of God, and there are the works that are of men. Matt. 23:5,
>
> " But all their works they do to be seen by men." (NKJV)
>
>
>
We are commanded to believe. John 6:29,
>
> " Jesus answered and said unto them, **This is the work of God**, that ye believe on him whom he hath sent." (KJV)
>
>
>
John 6:40,
>
> "And **this is the will of him that sent me**, that every one which seeth the Son, and believeth on him, may have everlasting life: and I will raise him up at the last day." (KJV)
>
>
>
It is God's will and His command that we believe. Obedience to the command is not a work of man. It is obedience.
We are commanded to repent (Acts 17:30). Does that mean that we have done that which God commanded that we have performed a "work"?
Our good deeds are also commands of God. We were created for good works (Eph 2:10). Are we then being saved by works? No, we are obeying His commands to love one another.
John 13:34-35,
>
> " **A new commandment I give unto you**, That ye love one another; as I have loved you, that ye also love one another.
>
>
> 35 By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another." (KJV)
>
>
>
If we follow the line of thinking that responding to His command is a work, then we would all have to stop loving one another.
Thus, baptism (immersion) is the response to a command of God. Mark 16:16,
" He that **believeth and is baptized shall be saved;** but he that believeth not shall be damned." (KJV).
Who is doing the saving when we believe and are immersed into Christ? Who is writing our name in the book of life when we obey the command? (Phil. 4:3; Rev. 21:27). It is God who is doing the work at baptism, not us.
1 John 5:3,
>
> "For this is the love of God, that we keep his commandments: **and his commandments are not grievous.**" (KJV)
>
>
>
Obeying his commands is not burdensome, or weighty, or oppressive. Obedience is not a work, but a command, and that is why Paul said in James 2:17-26,
>
> "Even so faith, if it hath not works, is dead, being alone.
>
>
> 18 Yea, a man may say, Thou hast faith, and I have works: shew me thy faith without thy works, and **I will shew thee my faith by my works.**
>
>
> 19 Thou believest that there is one God; thou doest well: the devils also believe, and tremble.
>
>
> 20 But wilt thou know, O vain man, that faith without works is dead?
>
>
> 21 Was not Abraham our father justified by works, when he had offered Isaac his son upon the altar?
>
>
> 22 Seest thou how faith wrought with his works, **and by works was faith made perfect**?
>
>
> 23 And the scripture was fulfilled which saith, Abraham believed God, and it was imputed unto him for righteousness: and he was called the Friend of God.
>
>
> 24 Ye see then how that by works a man is justified, and not by faith only.
>
>
> 25 Likewise also was not Rahab the harlot justified by works, when she had received the messengers, and had sent them out another way?
>
>
> 26 For as the body without the spirit is dead, **so faith without works is dead also**." (KJV)
>
>
>
Abraham **believed God and obeyed Him**, and God counted it for righteousness. I can stand on the sidewalk and shout till my throat is raw that I believe God, but if I do not do His will and obey His command, all my noise is only a show for mankind and counts for nothing with God.
There are therefore works of righteous faith, and works of unrighteous unbelievers. Which is which?
Rom. 4:20-24,
>
> "He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief; but was strong in faith, giving glory to God;
>
>
> 21 And being fully persuaded that, **what he had promised, he was able also to perform.**
>
>
> 22 And therefore it was imputed to him for righteousness.
>
>
> 23 Now it was not written for his sake alone, that it was imputed to him;
>
>
> 24 But for us also, to whom it shall be imputed, **if we believe on him** that raised up Jesus our Lord from the dead;" (KJV)
>
>
>
Believing, having faith in God moves us to action. Those actions that are a response to God's command are accomplishing His directives, and accomplishing His will. Not our will, but His will.
Matt. 7:21,
>
> "Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of heaven; **but he that doeth the will of my Father** which is in heaven." (KJV)
>
>
>
Luke 22:42,
>
> "Saying, Father, if thou be willing, remove this cup from me: **nevertheless not my will, but thine, be done**." (KJV)
>
>
>
Those of us that are in Christ are His royal priests (1 Pet. 2:5, 9). Our good works are our sacrifices - the fruit of our lips (Heb 13:15); to do good continually (Heb. 13:16, 2 Tim. 3:17; Tit. 2:7; 3:8, Heb. 10:24). That is the will of God, and those are the works that God commands we do, because of our faith and belief in Him |
60,628 | While reviewing the superb answers to [this question about *free will*](https://christianity.stackexchange.com/q/54588/24204), I was inspired to leave [a comment for Ian](https://christianity.stackexchange.com/a/56596/24204) that I realized ought to be its own question.
As I understand (and possibly misunderstand) Reformed theology, "works" are things that we do, and as such are not included in that which provides justification nor salvation. I then consider the act of will that is making a choice to open one's heart to Jesus Christ, a decision that I finally made in my late 40's to accept salvation through Him alone. Thus began my walk in Faith (though I keep stubbing my toes on those rocks in the road ...). It appears to me that my choice, my decision to accept Salvation through Jesus Christ is a Work since it is something that involved my agency.
From a more Determinist and Calvinist perspective, how does my acceptance of Jesus Christ *not* classify as a Work, since it was something that I did but that I could have chosen not to do? (If other Reformed denominations view this differently, that perspective would also be appreciated in contrast).
From my perspective, I feel like I've tripped over a contradiction in the general case of not being saved nor justified by Works, yet it took my agency to accept Christ as my Savior. (It is quite possible that I simply don't understand the theology well enough, hence the question).
How does the Reformed/Calvinist theology resolve this (seeming) contradiction?
---
I am under the impression that there are other Reformed denominations than Calvinist, but that may be wrong so the bottom line question needs to be answered from the PoV of Calvinist/Reformed theology. (I am seeking more help in chat to get my terminology right on this). I note that [this question is related](https://christianity.stackexchange.com/q/47011/24204) to my question in addressing the free will issue. | 2017/11/08 | [
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/questions/60628",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/users/24204/"
] | You've fallen into a common trap of examining a single piece of a theological system by importing that piece into your own construct rather than seeing how it fits into its own context. A Reformed understanding of soteriology is dependent on several interwoven ideas about God and his role in creation.
Note this assumption in your question is not representative of Reformed thought:
>
> […] how does my acceptance of Jesus Christ not classify as a Work, since it was something that I did that I could have chosen not to do?
>
>
>
One of the points in the classic *TULIP* acronym that calls out some key points of Reformed soteriology is "Irresistible Grace". The Reformed faith puts God fully in control of all aspects of salvation. He is sovereign and we are not: not even over our own lives. We are his creatures created for his purposes — and for his elect that means that we were created to be called his people and God *will* have his way. His calling us to repentance and belief is not something we could ignore. It is a gracious gift given to us that once given *will* achieve its purpose.
As such if you are indeed one of God's elect choosing not to accept him is not actually something you can do. The catch is that we don't know who the elect are. As a wise preacher once said¹:
>
> If the Lord had put a yellow stripe down the backs of the elect, I’d go up and down the street lifting up shirt tails, finding out who had the yellow stripe, and then I’d give them the gospel. But God didn’t do it that way. He told me to preach the gospel to every creature that “whosoever will may come.” Jesus says, “and him that cometh to me I will in no wise cast out.”
>
>
>
Going back to your question, you describe your own journey as your own act of will:
>
> I then consider the act of will that is making a choice to open one's heart to Jesus Christ, an act of will, a choice, a decision that I finally made in my late 40's to accept salvation through Him alone.
>
>
>
A Calvinist would dispute your assertion that this was your own uninfluenced will. We do in fact believe in free will—but only free in so far as it will inevitably act according to its nature. Humans act according to human nature and are limited by it.
* A bird has wings and can fly. A bird may jump off a branch at will and fly where it will. Meanwhile if I jump out the 8th floor window of my office I will inevitably be scraped up off the sidewalk. I do not have wings and no amount of willing myself to fly will make it happen. I am limited by my nature as a biped mammal. I can use my creativity to construct an parachute or an airplane and to seemingly defy the law of gravity, but this is really not doing anything against nature, only using the laws of physics to my advantage. In spite of the novelty of flight pulled off by the Wright brothers they didn't actually transcend human nature.
* A fish may swim and breath freely in water, but I cannot. I can hold my breath, or invent a breathing apparatus, or travel in a submarine, I am limited by my physical nature and and endeavors to supplement that are really just extensions of the physical reality we were created inside of.
Similarly in a Calvinistic worldview (the T in *TULIP*) man is inherently sinful. Part of our fundamental nature is depraved: all mankind in Adam transgressed God's commandments and has been from that moment separated from him (we died). Just as we cannot retroactively choose our biological parents or even citizenship at birth (much less choose to be something else entirely) so we do not have a choice at birth about whether we are friends or enemies of God. Or view of original sin is that man is irreparably damaged and by virtue of our birth in Adam have a core nature that both is sinful and will choose to sin. If you want to read up on this point of Reformed soteriology "Federal Headship" is what you're looking for.
Only by supernatural (contrary to nature, something only the divine creator himself can do) intervention can we be saved and reconciled to God. Left to our own ends we will inevitably and always make the same choices as Adam. In Adam, there is NONE righteous, not even one (cf. Romans 3).
When any human makes a decision to accept salvation through Jesus Christ we believe that Christ through the Holy Spirit began the work regenerating their hearts—removing the heart of stone and replacing it with one of flesh that desires the things of God. Our very first inkling of a desire for God is an undeserved gift of Grace that only the elect will truly experience, and were it not for God first bestowing that grace we would never make that choice.
On the flip side having been given that grace, we will inevitably act according to the new natures given to us in Christ: repenting and going on to good works that glorify the Son.
---
¹ This quote is commonly attributed to Charles Spurgeon, but Spurgeon was in fact acknowledged (Sermon #2843) he got the idea from Rowland Hill, someone who predated him. Whether the quote originated with Hill or whether he in turn got in from some other source doesn't seem to be known. | You have arrived at the final destination of the Calvinist trap. Is obeying God's commands a system of works? Too many people are easily discarding the will of God and throwing out His commands, calling them instead works of man.
There are works that are works of God, and there are the works that are of men. Matt. 23:5,
>
> " But all their works they do to be seen by men." (NKJV)
>
>
>
We are commanded to believe. John 6:29,
>
> " Jesus answered and said unto them, **This is the work of God**, that ye believe on him whom he hath sent." (KJV)
>
>
>
John 6:40,
>
> "And **this is the will of him that sent me**, that every one which seeth the Son, and believeth on him, may have everlasting life: and I will raise him up at the last day." (KJV)
>
>
>
It is God's will and His command that we believe. Obedience to the command is not a work of man. It is obedience.
We are commanded to repent (Acts 17:30). Does that mean that we have done that which God commanded that we have performed a "work"?
Our good deeds are also commands of God. We were created for good works (Eph 2:10). Are we then being saved by works? No, we are obeying His commands to love one another.
John 13:34-35,
>
> " **A new commandment I give unto you**, That ye love one another; as I have loved you, that ye also love one another.
>
>
> 35 By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another." (KJV)
>
>
>
If we follow the line of thinking that responding to His command is a work, then we would all have to stop loving one another.
Thus, baptism (immersion) is the response to a command of God. Mark 16:16,
" He that **believeth and is baptized shall be saved;** but he that believeth not shall be damned." (KJV).
Who is doing the saving when we believe and are immersed into Christ? Who is writing our name in the book of life when we obey the command? (Phil. 4:3; Rev. 21:27). It is God who is doing the work at baptism, not us.
1 John 5:3,
>
> "For this is the love of God, that we keep his commandments: **and his commandments are not grievous.**" (KJV)
>
>
>
Obeying his commands is not burdensome, or weighty, or oppressive. Obedience is not a work, but a command, and that is why Paul said in James 2:17-26,
>
> "Even so faith, if it hath not works, is dead, being alone.
>
>
> 18 Yea, a man may say, Thou hast faith, and I have works: shew me thy faith without thy works, and **I will shew thee my faith by my works.**
>
>
> 19 Thou believest that there is one God; thou doest well: the devils also believe, and tremble.
>
>
> 20 But wilt thou know, O vain man, that faith without works is dead?
>
>
> 21 Was not Abraham our father justified by works, when he had offered Isaac his son upon the altar?
>
>
> 22 Seest thou how faith wrought with his works, **and by works was faith made perfect**?
>
>
> 23 And the scripture was fulfilled which saith, Abraham believed God, and it was imputed unto him for righteousness: and he was called the Friend of God.
>
>
> 24 Ye see then how that by works a man is justified, and not by faith only.
>
>
> 25 Likewise also was not Rahab the harlot justified by works, when she had received the messengers, and had sent them out another way?
>
>
> 26 For as the body without the spirit is dead, **so faith without works is dead also**." (KJV)
>
>
>
Abraham **believed God and obeyed Him**, and God counted it for righteousness. I can stand on the sidewalk and shout till my throat is raw that I believe God, but if I do not do His will and obey His command, all my noise is only a show for mankind and counts for nothing with God.
There are therefore works of righteous faith, and works of unrighteous unbelievers. Which is which?
Rom. 4:20-24,
>
> "He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief; but was strong in faith, giving glory to God;
>
>
> 21 And being fully persuaded that, **what he had promised, he was able also to perform.**
>
>
> 22 And therefore it was imputed to him for righteousness.
>
>
> 23 Now it was not written for his sake alone, that it was imputed to him;
>
>
> 24 But for us also, to whom it shall be imputed, **if we believe on him** that raised up Jesus our Lord from the dead;" (KJV)
>
>
>
Believing, having faith in God moves us to action. Those actions that are a response to God's command are accomplishing His directives, and accomplishing His will. Not our will, but His will.
Matt. 7:21,
>
> "Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the kingdom of heaven; **but he that doeth the will of my Father** which is in heaven." (KJV)
>
>
>
Luke 22:42,
>
> "Saying, Father, if thou be willing, remove this cup from me: **nevertheless not my will, but thine, be done**." (KJV)
>
>
>
Those of us that are in Christ are His royal priests (1 Pet. 2:5, 9). Our good works are our sacrifices - the fruit of our lips (Heb 13:15); to do good continually (Heb. 13:16, 2 Tim. 3:17; Tit. 2:7; 3:8, Heb. 10:24). That is the will of God, and those are the works that God commands we do, because of our faith and belief in Him |
80,838 | I am looking for a solution to control my computer mouse just with my hands and a webcam. The goal is to combine it with voice input to let me move more freely in front of my desk.
It should support the usual mouse actions:
* position mouse pointer, left click, right click, middle click, scroll up, scroll down
* optionally: scroll left, scroll right | 2021/10/08 | [
"https://softwarerecs.stackexchange.com/questions/80838",
"https://softwarerecs.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwarerecs.stackexchange.com/users/76676/"
] | You can try Kdenlive. From their site:
>
> Multi-track video editing
> Kdenlive allows you to use and arrange several audio and video tracks, each one can be locked or muted to your convenience.
>
>
>
[Kdenlive | Libre Video Editor](https://kdenlive.org/en/download)
[Wikipedia link](https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kdenlive)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/xlDOP.png)
I couldn't understand what you mean by "simple merge" but you can use command line tools like FFMpeg. | [avidemux](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avidemux) can add .mkv files at the end of each other.
Usage: Open the avidemux GUI, drag-and-drop the first .mkv file, then the second, then press "save" and enter the filename you want for the output file.
The input files must have the same size and encoding.
Available for Linux, Mac, Windows.
It is free and open source. It uses ffmpeg's libavcodec library under the hood. |
80,838 | I am looking for a solution to control my computer mouse just with my hands and a webcam. The goal is to combine it with voice input to let me move more freely in front of my desk.
It should support the usual mouse actions:
* position mouse pointer, left click, right click, middle click, scroll up, scroll down
* optionally: scroll left, scroll right | 2021/10/08 | [
"https://softwarerecs.stackexchange.com/questions/80838",
"https://softwarerecs.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwarerecs.stackexchange.com/users/76676/"
] | You can try Kdenlive. From their site:
>
> Multi-track video editing
> Kdenlive allows you to use and arrange several audio and video tracks, each one can be locked or muted to your convenience.
>
>
>
[Kdenlive | Libre Video Editor](https://kdenlive.org/en/download)
[Wikipedia link](https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kdenlive)
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/xlDOP.png)
I couldn't understand what you mean by "simple merge" but you can use command line tools like FFMpeg. | This is what I use
<https://www.fosshub.com/MKVToolNix.html>
You can see the result here
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_TCmWRUQrI>
Basically a 3:20 video is combined with a 30 minutes video
Notice to do this you need to ensure you that you append video to another video
The first time I am doing it I just combine 2 video. The result is one mkv files that contain 2 chapters.
No I want to append one video one after another.
[https://www.macworld.com/article/223409/how-to-combine-two-dvds-into-a-single-movie.html#:~:text=Launch%20MKVToolNix%20and%20in%20the,navigate%20to%20the%20second%20movie](https://www.macworld.com/article/223409/how-to-combine-two-dvds-into-a-single-movie.html#:%7E:text=Launch%20MKVToolNix%20and%20in%20the,navigate%20to%20the%20second%20movie).
>
> Launch MKVToolNix and in the window that appears, drag your first
> movie file into the Input Files area (or click the Add button,
> navigate to the file, and then add it). Then click the Append button
> and navigate to the second movie.
>
>
>
That is how. Do not simply add 2 videos. |
80,838 | I am looking for a solution to control my computer mouse just with my hands and a webcam. The goal is to combine it with voice input to let me move more freely in front of my desk.
It should support the usual mouse actions:
* position mouse pointer, left click, right click, middle click, scroll up, scroll down
* optionally: scroll left, scroll right | 2021/10/08 | [
"https://softwarerecs.stackexchange.com/questions/80838",
"https://softwarerecs.stackexchange.com",
"https://softwarerecs.stackexchange.com/users/76676/"
] | [avidemux](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avidemux) can add .mkv files at the end of each other.
Usage: Open the avidemux GUI, drag-and-drop the first .mkv file, then the second, then press "save" and enter the filename you want for the output file.
The input files must have the same size and encoding.
Available for Linux, Mac, Windows.
It is free and open source. It uses ffmpeg's libavcodec library under the hood. | This is what I use
<https://www.fosshub.com/MKVToolNix.html>
You can see the result here
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_TCmWRUQrI>
Basically a 3:20 video is combined with a 30 minutes video
Notice to do this you need to ensure you that you append video to another video
The first time I am doing it I just combine 2 video. The result is one mkv files that contain 2 chapters.
No I want to append one video one after another.
[https://www.macworld.com/article/223409/how-to-combine-two-dvds-into-a-single-movie.html#:~:text=Launch%20MKVToolNix%20and%20in%20the,navigate%20to%20the%20second%20movie](https://www.macworld.com/article/223409/how-to-combine-two-dvds-into-a-single-movie.html#:%7E:text=Launch%20MKVToolNix%20and%20in%20the,navigate%20to%20the%20second%20movie).
>
> Launch MKVToolNix and in the window that appears, drag your first
> movie file into the Input Files area (or click the Add button,
> navigate to the file, and then add it). Then click the Append button
> and navigate to the second movie.
>
>
>
That is how. Do not simply add 2 videos. |
15,174 | Our Environment : SDL Tridion 2013 SP1
We are trying to automate sitemap during every page publishing/unpublishing. The requirement is to create two sitemap files (audiositemap.xml/videositemap.xml). While creating content pages, author would choose whether the page type is audio or video in page metadata.
During publishing/unpublishing, if the page type is audio, url needs to be added in audiositemap.xml file. If it is video type page, it should be added in videositemap.xml.
Can anyone suggest if it can be done through event handler, deployer extension or db customization? Or any other better way. | 2016/07/19 | [
"https://tridion.stackexchange.com/questions/15174",
"https://tridion.stackexchange.com",
"https://tridion.stackexchange.com/users/252/"
] | Well, this wouldn't be Tridion if there weren't 15 ways of doing it. My preferred approach for this - given that you already have the sitemap logic built into CM Templates - would be to use a [Custom Resolver](http://docs.sdl.com/LiveContent/content/en-US/SDL%20Web-v1/GUID-F792AB1A-060A-4757-802D-3A2DB18F022D).
While functionally it can achieve the same as an Event, the reason why I would choose this approach is that it would allow you to add the navigation page in question to the *same* publish transaction, resulting in slightly better performance than creating one additional transaction, and - because it's in the same transaction - if for any reason the other page fails to publish, so does the navigation page. | Welcome the tridion community.
Coming to your question about generating site map using event handler is not good idea, because when you publish in bulk, there will be performance and concurrency issues which are very difficult to handle and if you are able to handle them that will be at the cost of increased publishing time.
The better approach to implement sitemap is through storage extension. You can refer to the link: [storage extension](https://community.sdl.com/products-solutions/solutions/customer_experience_cloud/digital-experience/tridion/tridion-developer/b/weblog/archive/2011/11/05/extending-content-delivery-storage-in-sdl-tridion-2011-part-3?pi864299333=6) |
75,089 | I recently purchased a Raspberry Pi 3, which I understand to have the BCM2837 chip. When I purchased a codec from raspberrypi.com, I was asked to run:
cat /proc/cpuinfo
I was surprised to see the following output at the bottom:
Hardware : BCM2835
Revision : a22082
Serial :
Why should I see this output from a new Raspberry Pi 3, instead of the BCM2837 chip? | 2017/11/12 | [
"https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/75089",
"https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com",
"https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/users/76111/"
] | Quoted from a Raspberry Pi engineer :
>
> It's just a kernel/device tree anomaly. Upstream have chosen to denote
> all the Pi's as BCM2835, whereas the original Pi specific kernels
> would display BCM2708, BCM2709, or BCM2710 as appropriate.
>
>
> Whether it is more correct to use 2708/9/10 or 2835/6/7 is also
> sometimes debated - the former are the silicon, the latter are the
> packaged chip (which in some non-Pi cases also included an independent
> RAM die within the same package).
>
>
>
<https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=188544>
For info my Pi3 does the same 'cat /proc/cpuinfo' :
Hardware : BCM2835
Revision : a02082 | I did some more digging and found [this.](https://github.com/raspberrypi/documentation/blob/master/hardware/raspberrypi/revision-codes/README.md)
Basically, the 'revision code' is the only useful bit of information. Look it up in this table to confirm what you really have. In your case, it's a Pi3B manufactured by Embest.
Code Model Revision RAM Manufacturer
900021 A+ 1.1 512 MB Sony UK
900032 B+ 1.2 512 MB Sony UK
900092 Zero 1.2 512 MB Sony UK
900093 Zero 1.3 512 MB Sony UK
9000c1 Zero W 1.1 512 MB Sony UK
920093 Zero 1.3 512 MB Embest
a01040 2B 1.0 1 GB Sony UK
a01041 2B 1.1 1 GB Sony UK
a02082 3B 1.2 1 GB Sony UK
a020a0 CM3 1.0 1 GB Sony UK
a21041 2B 1.1 1 GB Embest
a22042 2B 1.2 1 GB Embest
a22082 3B 1.2 1 GB Embest
a32082 3B 1.2 1 GB Sony Japan |
1,728 | I am applying for job online and the form includes an area for me to list my references and our "Working Relationship".
What should I write in that area?
Also, when I report to a person who is the only other person in the company, what is their position: owner/manager/MD/CEO? | 2012/06/07 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/1728",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | One of:
* My Manager
* Directly Reported to me
* Indirectly Reported to me
* Colleague on the same team
* Colleague on another team
* Friend
* Mentor
* Family (best avoided when possible.)
Terms may vary about between culture / country | >
> What should I write in that area?
>
>
>
For the references you are putting down, how would you categorize the relationship: Is this person your manager, team lead, teammate, subordinate, or something else? Where in the organizational chart are you in relation to the reference. Was this person a client of yours? Did you use this person as a vendor for some service? There are more than a few possible answers here.
>
> Also, when I report to a person who is the only other person in the
> company, what is their position: owner/manager/MD/CEO?
>
>
>
This can vary. President, CEO, Owner, Founder, Creator, and Chairman are possibilities though it depends a bit on how the person views the company. They may just see themselves as a Principal or Director and thus it is worth either asking or looking at their business card or an on-line profile like LinkedIn that may have their title. |
54,885 | It's obviously good for creating dummy data; also can be used for generating passwords (although I believe you have to be careful here as to the true "randomness"). Any other useful uses that you've come across? | 2009/08/17 | [
"https://serverfault.com/questions/54885",
"https://serverfault.com",
"https://serverfault.com/users/10409/"
] | Contact Microsoft Support Services (PSS). Make sure the issue also happens on the most current version of your server (i.e. full updated service packs and patches). MS will gladly issue a patch free of charge for a production issue.
Regardless how you turn the table, a server should not crash on a RPC issue. Point. This is a bug you encountered that needs patching. | What's the error that is being returned? Check the mini dump files in the SQL Server Log folder to get more information about the actual reason for the crash.
You'll probably need to open a ticket with Microsoft and have look into the bugcheck that is causing the crash.
Before you call make sure you have the most recent service pack and hot fix installed. That will be the first thing they want you to do. |
111,352 | I am new to material design and still learning.
Is it a good idea to have the primary color and the accent from similar palettes, e.g Blue 500 and Light Blue A200? Or is the whole idea of the primary/accent to create enough contrast and you should be using colors that are really different? | 2018/07/04 | [
"https://graphicdesign.stackexchange.com/questions/111352",
"https://graphicdesign.stackexchange.com",
"https://graphicdesign.stackexchange.com/users/-1/"
] | I am not sure about the material rules behind accent colours but as a digital designer I prefer to subscribe to a mix of brand, aesthetics and colour theory.
I start with the clients brand colours and work out how they appear on screen. Look at contrasts and complimentaries. Each have their place in the usability. I create a colour page for the clients to talk them through how the brand colours work and always link this back to UX. If they are lacking in a colour for particular puprsoses e.g. a contrasting colour, then I talk them into adding another colour to their brand palette.
The next step is to take into consideration users physical eyesight.
If you are following accessibility guidelines then I wouldn't be using blue on blue. It doesn't have a high enough contrast for protanopia and deuteranopia colour blindness.
And for accessibility guidelines, these are issued by Governments. And published online. Here's an example of the Australian guidelines <https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/> | I think doing like you said you are not following the right guidelines of the material design.
It's a good habit to use a primary and a secondary color and light and dark variants for each color that often are not more than two.
You can find more accurate answer [here](https://material.io/design/material-theming/overview.html#material-theming) and [here](https://material.io/design/color/applying-color-to-ui.html#top-bottom-app-bars) |
176,998 | [Mono 2.0 was just officially released](http://www.mono-project.com/Main_Page). What single feature do you think is the most important? | 2008/10/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/176998",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/5/"
] | Windows.Forms is definitely way up there... that might be the feature I'm most excited about. And LINQ-to-XML should be good. I'm looking forward to more LINQ providers now that the LINQ core is available! :) | C# 3.0/LINQ |
176,998 | [Mono 2.0 was just officially released](http://www.mono-project.com/Main_Page). What single feature do you think is the most important? | 2008/10/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/176998",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/5/"
] | C# 3.0/LINQ | The complete .NET 2.0 profile is quite of an accomplishment! |
176,998 | [Mono 2.0 was just officially released](http://www.mono-project.com/Main_Page). What single feature do you think is the most important? | 2008/10/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/176998",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/5/"
] | Windows.Forms is definitely way up there... that might be the feature I'm most excited about. And LINQ-to-XML should be good. I'm looking forward to more LINQ providers now that the LINQ core is available! :) | Complete implementation of System.Windows.Forms |
176,998 | [Mono 2.0 was just officially released](http://www.mono-project.com/Main_Page). What single feature do you think is the most important? | 2008/10/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/176998",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/5/"
] | Complete implementation of System.Windows.Forms | The complete .NET 2.0 profile is quite of an accomplishment! |
176,998 | [Mono 2.0 was just officially released](http://www.mono-project.com/Main_Page). What single feature do you think is the most important? | 2008/10/07 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/176998",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/5/"
] | Windows.Forms is definitely way up there... that might be the feature I'm most excited about. And LINQ-to-XML should be good. I'm looking forward to more LINQ providers now that the LINQ core is available! :) | The complete .NET 2.0 profile is quite of an accomplishment! |
29,538 | I am running an IIS 6 FTP Server on a Windows Server 2003 computer (lets call it FTPPC), connected to a domain (lets call it DOMAIN).
Allow anonymous connections is off, so a user requires a domain account to connect to the ftp. The user connects to the ftp using DOMAIN\USERNAME
The root of the ftp is pointing at E:\FTP-ROOT\, and inside are 2 folders:
\PATH1\
\PATH2\
There is a Virtual Directory called PATH1 pointing to a UNC share on another pc on the domain (called DOMAINPC), set to "always use the authenticated users credentials". When connected to the ftp, a user can browse to this and will see the contents successfully.
There is also a Virtual Directory called PATH2 pointing to a UNC share on a pc that is NOT CONNECTED to the domain (called NODOMAINPC).
I have created a user on NODOMAINPC called USER1, and creating the exact same username on FTPPC with an identical password on both accounts.
In the "connect as" section for the PATH2 virtual directory, I have tried multiple things with different results:
Set the username to FTPPC\USER1 - when trying to browse the virtual directory over ftp, the error is "Access is denied"
Set the username to NODOMAINPC\USER1 - when trying to browse the virtual directory over ftp, the error is "Logon failure: unknown user or bad password"
Set the username to USER1 - when trying to browse the virtual directory over ftp, the error is "Access is denied"
Can this be done? And if so, where am I going wrong? I can connect to the UNC path via windows, just not via ftp.
Thanks | 2009/06/22 | [
"https://serverfault.com/questions/29538",
"https://serverfault.com",
"https://serverfault.com/users/3515/"
] | This is indeed an odd one. I setup the config you describe with IIS running on a DC not a member server and the virtual directory configured to use the logged on user. This worked. Then I tried it with IIS running on a non-domain server, and it worked as well. Sadly IIS running on a domain member server is the one config I can't test.
I then configured the virtual directory to connect as nondomainpc\administrator. On the DC this did not work, but on non-domain server it did.
I fired up Network Monitor to have a look, and when the virtual directory on the DC is configured to use the non-DC PC's administrator account the DC attempted to make an anonymous connection. It made no attempt to use the nondomainpc\administrator username that I had configured for the virtual directory. This looks like a bug to me.
Note that the virtual directory did work on the DC when using the logged in user, while in your case it didn't. However I've noticed that DCs tend to be oblivious to the "host" bit of the username "host\user", presumably because there is no SAM on a DC, so I wouldn't attach too much significance to this. The member server is presumably passing the logged on username as "domain\user" and you're non-DC server is rejecting it.
In terms of fixing your problem, all I can suggest is to move the FTP server onto a DC or a non-domain server, but I guess neither of these options would be too attractive :-(
JR | If you think about it your PC is passing a credential token to the FTP server as you are already domain authenticated. However the FTP server can't pass this token to the NODOMAINPC as it won't recognise the token (it doesn't recognise the domain controller as such).
I think the only option you have is that all users connect to the UNC share as the FTP Service account credentials. Obviously then though all users effectively have the same NTFS ACL permissions.
Since you'd be having to replicate all usernames/passwords with your original approach anyway, why not just dump IIS and use FileZilla server or similar and set all of the permissions per user within the FTP server? I find FTP permissions in IIS more of a hindrance than a help mostly. |
97,085 | I want to connect a PCIe 16x 3.0 GPU card to a Raspberry pi. I don't mind lo loose bandwidth, i just want to use the core GPU capabilities. So, the only idea that came out to my mind is to use the 26 GPIO RPi pins. I am concern about the GPIO/PCIe programing, do not have any idea neither an approach. Is this a crazy a idea ? can somebody help me to get a big picture of what i must to do ? | 2014/01/20 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/97085",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/35845/"
] | The GPIO pins on the Raspberry Pi are not even close to being fast enough (maybe a couple of MHz vs several GHz required for PCI-E). You can however, check this out: <http://hackaday.com/2012/10/08/stm32-driving-a-pcie-video-card/>
This doesn't use the PCI-Express interface at all, but some Radeon GPUs have a 'debug bus' which can be used to write internal registers at low speeds, apparently through I2C, which the Raspberry Pi can interface to. It looks like the code got taken offline (probably NDA stuff, or the original author is trying to make a business out of it). If you had a couple of months to spare and experience with hacking Linux drivers, you can probably replicate his work by looking at the open source Linux drivers. | A few sites have tested the Pi's gpio speed and a quick search shows speeds on the order of hundreds of KHz. Not sure of the PCI 3 frequency off the top of my head but I believe each data line runs in the MHz range.
The low frequency of the GPIO coupled with the coding overhead for each pin it would be impossible to bit bang the Pi fast enough. |
97,085 | I want to connect a PCIe 16x 3.0 GPU card to a Raspberry pi. I don't mind lo loose bandwidth, i just want to use the core GPU capabilities. So, the only idea that came out to my mind is to use the 26 GPIO RPi pins. I am concern about the GPIO/PCIe programing, do not have any idea neither an approach. Is this a crazy a idea ? can somebody help me to get a big picture of what i must to do ? | 2014/01/20 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/97085",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/35845/"
] | Your best bet would probably be to check whether a [PLX PCIe bridge](http://www.plxtech.com/products/expresslane/bridges) would be usable for this purpose.
It's highly likely that abandoning this idea of using a Raspberry Pi and instead using something that has a PCIe port built in instead will be vastly easier and cheaper. | A few sites have tested the Pi's gpio speed and a quick search shows speeds on the order of hundreds of KHz. Not sure of the PCI 3 frequency off the top of my head but I believe each data line runs in the MHz range.
The low frequency of the GPIO coupled with the coding overhead for each pin it would be impossible to bit bang the Pi fast enough. |
97,085 | I want to connect a PCIe 16x 3.0 GPU card to a Raspberry pi. I don't mind lo loose bandwidth, i just want to use the core GPU capabilities. So, the only idea that came out to my mind is to use the 26 GPIO RPi pins. I am concern about the GPIO/PCIe programing, do not have any idea neither an approach. Is this a crazy a idea ? can somebody help me to get a big picture of what i must to do ? | 2014/01/20 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/97085",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/35845/"
] | A few sites have tested the Pi's gpio speed and a quick search shows speeds on the order of hundreds of KHz. Not sure of the PCI 3 frequency off the top of my head but I believe each data line runs in the MHz range.
The low frequency of the GPIO coupled with the coding overhead for each pin it would be impossible to bit bang the Pi fast enough. | If the Raspberry Pi has PCIe, then it is not exposed in a slot and it would require board modification which would be almost impossible for all but a very select few individuals without destroying it. Try the "lspci -vnnt" command and see if any devices are present. If PCIe is present, it is likely only there for the onboard Wi-Fi (much like things like the Galaxy S8).
The new RockPi 4 has the same mounting holes and form factor as the Raspberry Pi. It has the same compatible GPIO 40-pin header. It has a PCIe 2.0 x2 M.2 slot. You can adapt that to a full-sized PCIe slot. It will be bandwidth limited, but it should work. If you are gaming, then results might be poor. But for compute tasks that do not need much CPU-GPU communication, it should work great.
<https://shop.allnetchina.cn/collections/frontpage/products/rock-pi-4-model-b-board-only-with-dualband-2-4-5ghz-wlan-bluetooth-5-0>
You need to make sure that the slot has a PSU connector to supply 75W to the slot, and you might need extra PSU connectors straight to the graphics card if it is power hungry. You have to be careful because some slots create 3.3V from other voltages instead of from a SATA power connector, and if it is not designed for a GPU, it might overload and break. You either need one that is designed for a GPU, or one that takes the power directly from SATA power (not Molex, and SATA power that connects to the SFF-8643 connector does not guarantee anything, as some cables have Molex instead).
The Hikey 960 is the same deal but has incompatible mounting with the Raspberry Pi.
Something here might help: <https://click.intel.com/desktop-system-parts.html>
Those can go from M.2 to SFF-8639 and from there you might be able to get a SFF-8639 to PCIe slot adapter from Amazon or similar. I have seen whole kits from M.2 to PCIe but cannot vouch for their performance or reliability. Plus, some of them only wire one lane of PCIe from the M.2 slot. Make sure you get the 4-lane ones. |
97,085 | I want to connect a PCIe 16x 3.0 GPU card to a Raspberry pi. I don't mind lo loose bandwidth, i just want to use the core GPU capabilities. So, the only idea that came out to my mind is to use the 26 GPIO RPi pins. I am concern about the GPIO/PCIe programing, do not have any idea neither an approach. Is this a crazy a idea ? can somebody help me to get a big picture of what i must to do ? | 2014/01/20 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/97085",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/35845/"
] | The GPIO pins on the Raspberry Pi are not even close to being fast enough (maybe a couple of MHz vs several GHz required for PCI-E). You can however, check this out: <http://hackaday.com/2012/10/08/stm32-driving-a-pcie-video-card/>
This doesn't use the PCI-Express interface at all, but some Radeon GPUs have a 'debug bus' which can be used to write internal registers at low speeds, apparently through I2C, which the Raspberry Pi can interface to. It looks like the code got taken offline (probably NDA stuff, or the original author is trying to make a business out of it). If you had a couple of months to spare and experience with hacking Linux drivers, you can probably replicate his work by looking at the open source Linux drivers. | If the Raspberry Pi has PCIe, then it is not exposed in a slot and it would require board modification which would be almost impossible for all but a very select few individuals without destroying it. Try the "lspci -vnnt" command and see if any devices are present. If PCIe is present, it is likely only there for the onboard Wi-Fi (much like things like the Galaxy S8).
The new RockPi 4 has the same mounting holes and form factor as the Raspberry Pi. It has the same compatible GPIO 40-pin header. It has a PCIe 2.0 x2 M.2 slot. You can adapt that to a full-sized PCIe slot. It will be bandwidth limited, but it should work. If you are gaming, then results might be poor. But for compute tasks that do not need much CPU-GPU communication, it should work great.
<https://shop.allnetchina.cn/collections/frontpage/products/rock-pi-4-model-b-board-only-with-dualband-2-4-5ghz-wlan-bluetooth-5-0>
You need to make sure that the slot has a PSU connector to supply 75W to the slot, and you might need extra PSU connectors straight to the graphics card if it is power hungry. You have to be careful because some slots create 3.3V from other voltages instead of from a SATA power connector, and if it is not designed for a GPU, it might overload and break. You either need one that is designed for a GPU, or one that takes the power directly from SATA power (not Molex, and SATA power that connects to the SFF-8643 connector does not guarantee anything, as some cables have Molex instead).
The Hikey 960 is the same deal but has incompatible mounting with the Raspberry Pi.
Something here might help: <https://click.intel.com/desktop-system-parts.html>
Those can go from M.2 to SFF-8639 and from there you might be able to get a SFF-8639 to PCIe slot adapter from Amazon or similar. I have seen whole kits from M.2 to PCIe but cannot vouch for their performance or reliability. Plus, some of them only wire one lane of PCIe from the M.2 slot. Make sure you get the 4-lane ones. |
97,085 | I want to connect a PCIe 16x 3.0 GPU card to a Raspberry pi. I don't mind lo loose bandwidth, i just want to use the core GPU capabilities. So, the only idea that came out to my mind is to use the 26 GPIO RPi pins. I am concern about the GPIO/PCIe programing, do not have any idea neither an approach. Is this a crazy a idea ? can somebody help me to get a big picture of what i must to do ? | 2014/01/20 | [
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/97085",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com",
"https://electronics.stackexchange.com/users/35845/"
] | Your best bet would probably be to check whether a [PLX PCIe bridge](http://www.plxtech.com/products/expresslane/bridges) would be usable for this purpose.
It's highly likely that abandoning this idea of using a Raspberry Pi and instead using something that has a PCIe port built in instead will be vastly easier and cheaper. | If the Raspberry Pi has PCIe, then it is not exposed in a slot and it would require board modification which would be almost impossible for all but a very select few individuals without destroying it. Try the "lspci -vnnt" command and see if any devices are present. If PCIe is present, it is likely only there for the onboard Wi-Fi (much like things like the Galaxy S8).
The new RockPi 4 has the same mounting holes and form factor as the Raspberry Pi. It has the same compatible GPIO 40-pin header. It has a PCIe 2.0 x2 M.2 slot. You can adapt that to a full-sized PCIe slot. It will be bandwidth limited, but it should work. If you are gaming, then results might be poor. But for compute tasks that do not need much CPU-GPU communication, it should work great.
<https://shop.allnetchina.cn/collections/frontpage/products/rock-pi-4-model-b-board-only-with-dualband-2-4-5ghz-wlan-bluetooth-5-0>
You need to make sure that the slot has a PSU connector to supply 75W to the slot, and you might need extra PSU connectors straight to the graphics card if it is power hungry. You have to be careful because some slots create 3.3V from other voltages instead of from a SATA power connector, and if it is not designed for a GPU, it might overload and break. You either need one that is designed for a GPU, or one that takes the power directly from SATA power (not Molex, and SATA power that connects to the SFF-8643 connector does not guarantee anything, as some cables have Molex instead).
The Hikey 960 is the same deal but has incompatible mounting with the Raspberry Pi.
Something here might help: <https://click.intel.com/desktop-system-parts.html>
Those can go from M.2 to SFF-8639 and from there you might be able to get a SFF-8639 to PCIe slot adapter from Amazon or similar. I have seen whole kits from M.2 to PCIe but cannot vouch for their performance or reliability. Plus, some of them only wire one lane of PCIe from the M.2 slot. Make sure you get the 4-lane ones. |
2,385,150 | I was looking for a way to detect the browser extension I am building from my website and I need to alert my users in-case they are viewing my site without it. I have been able to do this in firefox, but I want to know is there a way I can do this in Google Chrome? Even if there is a hack to get this going I am fine. | 2010/03/05 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/2385150",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1081973/"
] | If it is in a texture:
* set up orthographic frustum
* disable blending, depth test, etc.
* bind texture
* draw screen-aligned textured quad with correct texture coordinates
I use this in for example in [Compositor::\_drawPixels](http://www.equalizergraphics.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/trunk/src/lib/client/compositor.cpp?revision=4207&view=markup) | Use **glBlitFramebuffer**, which operates on frambuffer objects ([Link](http://www.opengl.org/wiki/Framebuffer_Objects)). Ans this is not *deprecated*.
You can take advantage of **format conversion**, **scaling** and **multisampling**. |
600,800 | I don't know if this is the right place to post this or not, but I will go ahead anyway (sorry if it ain't the right place)
Yesterday I was discussing a particular theorem of geometry with my brother which he just learnt in the school. I had asked him if he knew the proof for it, he replied saying his teacher has said that wouldn't be necessary.
Then, I asked him to sit and try to prove the theorem. He said that knowing the theorem counts for more than knowing the proof. How do I explain to him that knowing the proof is more important and how it can even help expand his thinking?
I know this question doesn't have a single pointed answer as is pre-requisite for questions posted here, but I would appreciate any replies | 2013/12/10 | [
"https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/600800",
"https://math.stackexchange.com",
"https://math.stackexchange.com/users/5548/"
] | An idea on why learning proofs (not just theorems) is important: One could say that it is unimportant to know how to prepare food because there is a McDonald's down the street. But, if a person becomes strictly reliant on McDonald's for preparing food, then we can be assured that (s)he will never be able to produce a (worthwhile) dish of their own creation.
Likewise with proofs--one could say it is unimportant to know how to "prepare" the "food" of a theorem via proof because there is the "McDonalds" of the math book nearby. But, after years of just relying on memorizing theorems, a person will never be able to come up with a sound theorem of their own.
Being able to prove something makes it much more solidified in one's mind, and gives you a tool that is applicable to many circumstances, not just a single instance. For example, my double angle formula may not be useful when I need a triple angle formula, but I could use the proof/derivation of the double angle formula to *find my own* triple angle! This is where proof is much more powerful than memorization. | I'm sure I could write more about why proofs are important, but I believe it all boils down to this. Proofs are important because some very intuitive results turn out to be false, and if we just accept results with no proof because something 'sounds correct', then we could be led down false pathways. Who knows what horrors that could reap? |
600,800 | I don't know if this is the right place to post this or not, but I will go ahead anyway (sorry if it ain't the right place)
Yesterday I was discussing a particular theorem of geometry with my brother which he just learnt in the school. I had asked him if he knew the proof for it, he replied saying his teacher has said that wouldn't be necessary.
Then, I asked him to sit and try to prove the theorem. He said that knowing the theorem counts for more than knowing the proof. How do I explain to him that knowing the proof is more important and how it can even help expand his thinking?
I know this question doesn't have a single pointed answer as is pre-requisite for questions posted here, but I would appreciate any replies | 2013/12/10 | [
"https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/600800",
"https://math.stackexchange.com",
"https://math.stackexchange.com/users/5548/"
] | I think the dislike for proofs, and the belief that they must not be important, comes from two misconceptions:
1. That proofs are all two-column proofs.
2. We prove things to find out if they are true.
The first is blatantly false. Most proofs are paragraph proofs, and don't have to show every tiny little step. No one will be displeased with you if you commute a few variables here and there without explicitly saying so. Often, proofs are taught in high school with a very specific format, and straying from it is penalized. This makes it seem pretty arbitrary and dumb.
The second is a little more subtle. Proofs do, in fact, prove that things are true. One benefit of that is that we can be absolutely certain we're working "on solid ground", so to speak. But if you aren't sure if something is true, you don't go trying to prove it first. The more important aspect of a proof is that it is a justification as to *why* something is true. Proving the "why" of something gives you
* the potential for more generalization
* a larger toolbox for proving other things
For the first point, if you notice Möbius inversion works for the totient function, you could just prove that and call it a day. But if you look at the proof, you might notice that it doesn't actually involve computing the totient function at all, and it just uses the fact that it's multiplicative. (Well, more likely it'd take a bit of needling to give up that fact, but it's still possible to pry it out) This gives you a far more general theorem, one that would be much harder to find if you only knew the special cases, without proof.
For the second point, anorton's answer has a very good example involving double and triple angles.
Ultimately, proofs are for verifying results that you're pretty sure are true. Because everything you're taught has been proved, this seems useless for quite some time. But when you actually *do* need to find new things, proofs are indispensable.
---
The other comparison I've heard is to science labs. Yeah, why go and *test* that $F = ma$ is true if we can just check the physics book? Because that's not how science is done out in the real world. You use it to support hypotheses that you have. (Although in math, you get to *prove* them!)
On the other hand, this can be a dangerous analogy, because this is exactly the opposite of how math works. You don't conjecture things on paper and prove them in the lab, you conjecture with numerical examples (the lab) and then you prove things on paper. | I'm sure I could write more about why proofs are important, but I believe it all boils down to this. Proofs are important because some very intuitive results turn out to be false, and if we just accept results with no proof because something 'sounds correct', then we could be led down false pathways. Who knows what horrors that could reap? |
70,892 | I open the Facebook app on my phone and go to chat and it tells me one person was last active ten minutes ago and then all of a sudden it says last active one minute ago but I never see a green dot to say they were online. Why is this? It shows green dots for others but not this one person. It was happening throughout the night but then stopped at a certain time.
---
I only ask this because I have an anxiety along with other things and it plays on me at times. I just wondered is it a flaw with Facebook or something I should be concerned about. Any help would be greatly appreciated. | 2014/12/13 | [
"https://webapps.stackexchange.com/questions/70892",
"https://webapps.stackexchange.com",
"https://webapps.stackexchange.com/users/82982/"
] | It's not a flaw.
This can work if the user is offline on Facebook Messenger and responded to a message recently (or even just opened that app) | Maybe you can no longer see they became friends because now he/she can only see their friends or ungrounded that person |
70,892 | I open the Facebook app on my phone and go to chat and it tells me one person was last active ten minutes ago and then all of a sudden it says last active one minute ago but I never see a green dot to say they were online. Why is this? It shows green dots for others but not this one person. It was happening throughout the night but then stopped at a certain time.
---
I only ask this because I have an anxiety along with other things and it plays on me at times. I just wondered is it a flaw with Facebook or something I should be concerned about. Any help would be greatly appreciated. | 2014/12/13 | [
"https://webapps.stackexchange.com/questions/70892",
"https://webapps.stackexchange.com",
"https://webapps.stackexchange.com/users/82982/"
] | It's not a flaw.
This can work if the user is offline on Facebook Messenger and responded to a message recently (or even just opened that app) | If they have chat off (but they are online), it will keep reporting 1 minute ago until they log off. |
70,892 | I open the Facebook app on my phone and go to chat and it tells me one person was last active ten minutes ago and then all of a sudden it says last active one minute ago but I never see a green dot to say they were online. Why is this? It shows green dots for others but not this one person. It was happening throughout the night but then stopped at a certain time.
---
I only ask this because I have an anxiety along with other things and it plays on me at times. I just wondered is it a flaw with Facebook or something I should be concerned about. Any help would be greatly appreciated. | 2014/12/13 | [
"https://webapps.stackexchange.com/questions/70892",
"https://webapps.stackexchange.com",
"https://webapps.stackexchange.com/users/82982/"
] | Maybe you can no longer see they became friends because now he/she can only see their friends or ungrounded that person | If they have chat off (but they are online), it will keep reporting 1 minute ago until they log off. |
38,902,460 | I'm trying to start an AVD in Android Studio, but it just open a "Splash Screen" (where is written Android), and after, there's no progress.
I searched about it, and I found some discussions about Intel's HAXM ([Android Emulator with HAXM freezes on Mac OS Yosemite](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26495910/android-emulator-with-haxm-freezes-on-mac-os-yosemite)), I proceeded the installation, but didn't work.
Is there any another config that I should check it out?
That's my AVD settings:
API 23
Nexus 4
1GB (RAM)
64MB (VM heap)
Graphics: Hardware - GLES 2.0
Multi-Core CPU is checked
Intel x86 System Image (to Android 6.0) is installed too
I'm using a MacOS 10.10 (Yosemite) with 4GB (RAM) | 2016/08/11 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/38902460",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/6706016/"
] | Do you have Docker for Mac installed by any chance? I was just facing the exact same issue and stopping Docker fixed the problem... | As I'm not allowed to comment on the above answer, just to add my own experience. Both Docker and minikube - which will admittedly run it's kubernetes containers using docker - need to be stopped for the emulator to work. |
9,147,710 | I have some images in png format, I am wondering whether there are .net library to process images? | 2012/02/05 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/9147710",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/705414/"
] | You may take a look at GDI+ ([System.Drawing](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.drawing.aspx) namespace) or [WIC](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Imaging_Component), both have managed wrappers built into the .NET framework. For example here's an [interesting article](http://weblogs.asp.net/bleroy/archive/2009/12/10/resizing-images-from-the-server-using-wpf-wic-instead-of-gdi.aspx) comparing both methods for resizing an image. Of course depending on your specific requirements and what exactly do you mean by *processing images* there might be also third party libraries. | The [System.Drawing.Bitmap](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.drawing.bitmap.aspx) class supports BMP, GIF, EXIF, JPG, PNG, and TIFF. You can at least display your PNGs using that.
Also I found a library [AForge](http://code.google.com/p/aforge/) which is used in an [image processing](http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/9727/Image-Processing-Lab-in-C) on codeplex. |
33,348 | My first question is what are the scriptures every Muslim (or Islam follower) should abide by? In other words, what scriptures are considered the fundamental/basic on which Islam is based on? Or What are the very important scriptures that are considered as highest/top? | 2016/07/10 | [
"https://islam.stackexchange.com/questions/33348",
"https://islam.stackexchange.com",
"https://islam.stackexchange.com/users/17673/"
] | All perfect praise be to Allah
------------------------------
When you say **scriptures**, than let us be all clear, that **Quran is the word of Allah, sent down on prophet Muhammad ﷺ by Jibrael A.s. And as Muslims this is the most important book we have to follow, indeed this book is basis and Allah promise will not be corrupted until the day of judgement!!**
Than in Quran, you will find **Allah's command on following prophet** in multiple places, **how can we follow prophet in present time? we will look for his sayings, actions etc. Those are saved in books of ahadees.** There is complete SCIENCE of ahadees and how they are judged to be authentic etc. In short, we can trust all authentic ahadees. So, ahadees should be followed, they contain all the sayings, doings, routines etc of prophet.
Now, **ahadees are a large collection**. As one can expect that everything(his saying/doing/routines etc) in a person's life is written, it will be a huge stack... So are ahadees. And every Muslim can't find the thing he is looking for in ahadees easily(because of their volume). So, he will need to follow someone he trust. You may call it taqleed or whatever. But, he must leave anything which he finds is contradicting with something in Quran and hadees, and after talking about it and discussing it, his heart is telling that he(whom he is following) is wrong in this particular matter and some other view is right about this. Than one must follow the view(he thinks is right).
**So, as of scriptures(as the question ask about) these 2 are main scriptures from where each islamic teaching is derived/taken from.**
I hope this answers the question, although i am not sure what you are actually looking for but i answered what i understood in question.
Allah knows best
---------------- | There is only one such scripture in Islam which is the Quran. If someone who claims to be Muslim says he doesn't belief in it then he wouldn't be regarded as one cause all Muslims agree that the anyone who rejects the Quran rejects Islam as well.
All the copies of the Quran are same. They are all written in the same way with the same arabic letters. |
33,348 | My first question is what are the scriptures every Muslim (or Islam follower) should abide by? In other words, what scriptures are considered the fundamental/basic on which Islam is based on? Or What are the very important scriptures that are considered as highest/top? | 2016/07/10 | [
"https://islam.stackexchange.com/questions/33348",
"https://islam.stackexchange.com",
"https://islam.stackexchange.com/users/17673/"
] | What are the scriptures which every Islam follower should abide by?
-------------------------------------------------------------------
There is only one which is the Quran. There are other scriptures in Islam but they were revealed before the Quran and no longer apply to Muslims. The Tawrat was revealed to mosses as a guidance for him people. All the followers of mosses followed it. After it, Allah (The God) revealed the Injil to Jesus which became obligatory for his followers.
Few hundreds years after that, Allah revealed the final revelation to Muhammad, the Quran. All the scriptures that were revealed before it (e.g. the Tawrat, the Injil) were abrogated after its revelation. Allah say in the Quran (what means):
>
> We do not abrogate a verse or cause it to be forgotten except that **We
> bring forth [one] better than it or similar to it.** Do you not know
> that Allah is over all things competent?
>
>
>
Let me give an example to clarify how it works:
A student first studies in kindergarten, then grade school, then High school, then collage and then he studies in University. A student can't directly admit into university with no prior education. And a student of University doesn't study the books of schools or collages.
Similarly, the Quran is the highest level of revelation which is revealed for all of humanity. Those who follow the Quran don't need to follow previous scriptures. You might ask, why didn't Allah reveal the Quran to the people of mosses or Jesus?
Cause human civilization didn't reach the level to understand the Quran at that point of time. Just like a school student can't understand or have difficulty understanding University curriculum. | There is only one such scripture in Islam which is the Quran. If someone who claims to be Muslim says he doesn't belief in it then he wouldn't be regarded as one cause all Muslims agree that the anyone who rejects the Quran rejects Islam as well.
All the copies of the Quran are same. They are all written in the same way with the same arabic letters. |
26,912 | Much later, West Virginia broke off from Virginia as a result of the Civil War. Earlier than that, Maine became "independent" from Massachusetts as part of the Missouri Compromise.
But during and after the Revolution, Virginia claimed Kentucky as its "backland." In 1795, it relinquished this claim to let Kentucky split off to become the 15th state. (Vermont had just done that from New York to become the 14th). Why was that?
Apparently, there was pressure from the other states. Was it because they wanted all the states to be about the same size in area and population, or because they wanted to prevent an "arms race" of superstates like Virginia-Kentucky, North Carolina-Tennessee, Pennsylvania-Ohio (in today's terms) etc.? | 2015/12/22 | [
"https://history.stackexchange.com/questions/26912",
"https://history.stackexchange.com",
"https://history.stackexchange.com/users/120/"
] | Prior to the signing of the Constitution, most of the 13 colonies [ceded all territorial claims](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_cessions) to the Congressional Government in exchange for it assuming their debt. Virginia followed suit 3 years later. This made the Kentucky Territory under Federal jurisdiction, and later it was organized into another state.
The text of North Carolina's Act of Cession: [HERE](http://www.constitution.org/uslaw/acceptance_cession_north_carolina_western_territory_1790.html) | For a corollary explanation to [Oldcat's answer](https://history.stackexchange.com/questions/26912/why-did-virginia-let-kentucky-become-a-separate-state#answer-26919), try reading [The Division of Territory in Society](http://www.edstephan.org/Book/contents.html) by Ed Stephan. It's a very interesting read, even if you aren't a sociology student. He goes into quite a bit of depth into why counties kept splitting and why they have stopped splitting in modern times.
The American people took their roles and responsibilities as citizens more seriously in the 18th and 19th centuries. If it took too long for them to make it to the county seat and participate in the operations of the county, they would complain and petition for the county to be split. When the county split, the seat would be chosen near the center of mass for the population. You can see the procession of county-splitting in Kentucky with [this interactive map](http://homepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~george/countyformations/kentuckyformationmaps.html).
As Oldcat mentioned, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia all had territory extending clear to the Mississippi River. The people in what became Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, and Mississippi couldn't hope to make it to the state capital (Richmond, Raleigh, Charleston, or Atlanta) in a reasonable period of time, especially with the Appalachians in the way, so they told their senators and representatives to split up the state. |
26,912 | Much later, West Virginia broke off from Virginia as a result of the Civil War. Earlier than that, Maine became "independent" from Massachusetts as part of the Missouri Compromise.
But during and after the Revolution, Virginia claimed Kentucky as its "backland." In 1795, it relinquished this claim to let Kentucky split off to become the 15th state. (Vermont had just done that from New York to become the 14th). Why was that?
Apparently, there was pressure from the other states. Was it because they wanted all the states to be about the same size in area and population, or because they wanted to prevent an "arms race" of superstates like Virginia-Kentucky, North Carolina-Tennessee, Pennsylvania-Ohio (in today's terms) etc.? | 2015/12/22 | [
"https://history.stackexchange.com/questions/26912",
"https://history.stackexchange.com",
"https://history.stackexchange.com/users/120/"
] | Prior to the signing of the Constitution, most of the 13 colonies [ceded all territorial claims](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_cessions) to the Congressional Government in exchange for it assuming their debt. Virginia followed suit 3 years later. This made the Kentucky Territory under Federal jurisdiction, and later it was organized into another state.
The text of North Carolina's Act of Cession: [HERE](http://www.constitution.org/uslaw/acceptance_cession_north_carolina_western_territory_1790.html) | Kentucky was admitted on June 1, 1792, not 1795. It was a part of Virginia until it became a separate state. In that respect, it differed from Tennessee, which was a part of North Carolina that was ceded by the legislature to federal jurisdiction, and was an organized incorporated territory of the United states, called the Southwest Territory, for five years before becoming the state of Tennessee.
Virginia's legislature consented to Kentucky's admission as a separate state as early as 1788, when the Articles of Confederation were still in effect. Congress's deliberations on whether to admit Kentucky were interrupted by a notification that New Hampshire had become the ninth state to ratify the new Constitution, which then went into effect in the ratifying states. They decided to defer the matter until the new Congress under the Constitution could take it up. Virginia's legislature reiterated its consent in 1789. The act of Congress admitting Kentucky takes note of the consent of the legislature of Virginia. It was passed by Congress on February 4, 1791, two weeks *before* the act admitting Vermont was passed, but it said the new state was not to be admitted until nearly a year and four months later, because Kentucky politicians had asked for some time to get things ready. (Vermont, on the other hand, was admitted only two weeks after the act of Congress was passed and signed.)
I think the expense of governing so vast a territory under 18th-century conditions may have played a role, and also a desire to increase southern representation in the Senate (or ealier, in the unicameral Congress of the Confederation).
Here's an article that explains some of the history of Kentucky's admission as a separate state: [When Did the Articles of Confederation Cease to Be Law](http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/ndlr/vol78/iss1/3/). |
97,241 | Which of the following is grammatical?
>
> * I am deputizing for him/her.
> * I am deputizing him/her.
>
>
>
I think in the case of *covering* you have to use:
>
> I am covering for him/her.
>
>
>
...or do you? | 2013/01/09 | [
"https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/97241",
"https://english.stackexchange.com",
"https://english.stackexchange.com/users/43/"
] | [Merriam-Webster](http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/deputize) shows a usage of *deputize* that somewhat agrees with your first sentence: *I deputize for the newspaper's editor on the weekends*. But it sounds strange to me. I'd say that I was *acting for* or *covering for* someone not available to do the work at the moment, or that I had been authorized to act as that person's *agent*. I associate *deputy* with legal positions, like deputy sheriff and deputy district attorney. There may be a distinction in British and American English, though.
*I am deputizing him/her* means that you are authorizing someone else to act as a deputy. | I think both are correct but each has a different meaning:
**1-** I am **deputizing for** him/her. (*intransitive*)
**2-** I am **deputizing him/her**. (*transitive*)
The verb '**deputize**' is both transitive and intransitive.
**1-** In the transitive form (*second* example), the verb **deputize** would mean **appoint**, and must be followed by an object that would serve as the **appointee**. So, the sentence would mean:
**I am deputizing** (= appointing) **him/her**.
In the passive:
**He/She is being deputized (= appointed) by me.**
**2-** When **deputize** is followed by preposition **for** (as in the *first* example), it would mean **replace, substitute, or stand in for**; the object after **for** denotes the **substituted**, and the subject denotes the **substitute**:
**I am deputizing for** (= I am replacing, or standing in for) **him/her**.
**3-** When not followed by an object or preposition **for**, **deputize** would still be intransitive and mean **replace.** Here's an example (from Longman dictionary: <https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/deputize>):
**My boss had to go to the Caribbean unexpectedly and asked me to deputize.** (That is, my boss asked me to replace someone) |
12,511 | According to Revelation 5:11, there are many:
>
> 11 Then I looked and heard the voice of many angels, **numbering
> thousands upon thousands, and ten thousand times ten thousand**. They
> encircled the throne and the living creatures and the elders.
> 12 In a
> loud voice they were saying:
>
>
> “Worthy is the Lamb, who was slain,
> to receive power and wealth and wisdom and strength
> and honor and glory and praise!”
>
>
>
* Are there any doctrines that document/describ how many angels God would have?
* Are they more than us?
* If they are these many, why are there that many? Does it have to be in proportion to God's creations? Is it because of division of labour? | 2013/01/06 | [
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/questions/12511",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/users/1839/"
] | None of the major branches do. All they say is that it is a large number, and most say that there are more than all humans who have ever existed:
[A Protestant view](http://christiananswers.net/q-acb/acb-t005.html#3): (Drawing from Scripture only)
>
> While the Scriptures give no definite figures, we are told that the
> number of angels is very great (Daniel 7:10; Matthew 26:53; Hebrews
> 12:22).
>
>
> It appears that all angels were created at one time. No new angels are
> being added to the number. Angels are not subject to death or any form
> of extinction; therefore they do not decrease in number.
>
>
> It seems reasonable to conclude that there are at least as many spirit
> beings in existence as there will have been human beings in all their
> history on earth.
>
>
> Author: Dr. Paul Eymann.
>
>
>
[A Catholic view](http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01476d.htm):
>
> The number of the angels is frequently stated as prodigious (Daniel
> 7:10; Apocalypse 5:11; Psalm 67:18; Matthew 26:53). From the use of
> the word host (sabaoth) as a synonym for the heavenly army it is hard
> to resist the impression that the term "Lord of Hosts" refers to God's
> Supreme command of the angelic multitude (cf. Deuteronomy 33:2; 32:43;
> Septuagint). The Fathers see a reference to the relative numbers of
> men and angels in the parable of the hundred sheep (Luke 15:1-3),
> though this may seem fanciful. The Scholastics, again, following the
> treatise "De Coelesti Hierarchia" of St. Denis, regard the
> preponderance of numbers as a necessary perfection of the angelic host
> (cf. St. Thomas, Summa Theologica I:1:3).
>
>
>
[An Orthodox view](http://orthodoxinfo.com/death/angels2.aspx):
>
> St. Cyril of Jerusalem writes: "Imagine how great in number is the
> Roman people, imagine how great in number are the other barbarian
> peoples that now exist, and how many must have died even! In a
> century, imagine how many have been buried in a thousand years,
> imagine all mankind, from Adam to the present day. Great is their
> multitude, but it is small in comparison with the angels, whose
> numbers are greater. They are the ninety-nine sheep, whereas the human
> race is the one lost sheep. By the greatness of a place one can judge
> the numbers of those who dwell in it. The earth we inhabit is a mere
> dot in the heavens, thus the heaven that surrounds it must have a much
> greater number of inhabitants. As is has greater space, the heavens of
> heavens hold their innumerable number. If it is written that 'a
> thousand thousands ministered unto Him, and ten thousands of myriads
> attended upon Him' this is only because the prophet could express no
> greater number." When the numbers of the angels are so great, it is
> natural to assume that in their world, as in the material: world,
> there are various degrees of perfections and therefore various ranks
> or a hierarchy of the heavenly powers. Thus Holy Scripture calls some
> angels and others archangels (I Thess. 4:16, Jude v. 9).
>
>
>
There are a great many teachings of the number of ***types*** or ***ranks*** of angels, but no serious writings about the population count.
Of course, there may be smaller groups within Christianity that try to pin a number on it, but most of Christianity would discount any such attempt the same way we'd discount all of the various attempts to set a date of the second coming. It wouldn't be accepted by Christianity as a whole.
The only exception I can think of - the ***only*** group within Christianity that puts an actual number to it is the group of ["Christian Atheists"](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_atheism) that discount all supernatural altogether. Those in that group probably put the number at zero. But that is a small group that does not represent any of the major denominations or teachings (nor do they believe in them except, perhaps, the moral ones they agree with). | "...behold a great red Dragon... And his tail drew
the THIRD PART OF THE STARS OF HEAVEN, and
did cast them to the earth..." (Rev.12:3-4).
assuming those stars to be angels. that means 1/3 of angels were cast out during the purge. I am a Catholic Christian from The Republic of India. we are outnumbered by Hindus by 40:1. I know some of their mythology pretty well. they have a guardian God or godess for each village, family, region likewise. it is said they have 333333333 devatas and devees ( well devatas and devees are demigods of different status). I am going to make a far fetched assumption here. considering these devees and devatas as to be those angels purged out. then the rest which remained faithful I.e 2/3 of heaven would amount to 666666666. adding these we get number 999999999. one angel is left out- Satan who caused the division. adding him we get the no. 1000000000: the total no of angels. that's the closest I could get. any yes these Hindu gods are somewhat similar to Egyptian ones. thanx for reading. |
12,511 | According to Revelation 5:11, there are many:
>
> 11 Then I looked and heard the voice of many angels, **numbering
> thousands upon thousands, and ten thousand times ten thousand**. They
> encircled the throne and the living creatures and the elders.
> 12 In a
> loud voice they were saying:
>
>
> “Worthy is the Lamb, who was slain,
> to receive power and wealth and wisdom and strength
> and honor and glory and praise!”
>
>
>
* Are there any doctrines that document/describ how many angels God would have?
* Are they more than us?
* If they are these many, why are there that many? Does it have to be in proportion to God's creations? Is it because of division of labour? | 2013/01/06 | [
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/questions/12511",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/users/1839/"
] | None of the major branches do. All they say is that it is a large number, and most say that there are more than all humans who have ever existed:
[A Protestant view](http://christiananswers.net/q-acb/acb-t005.html#3): (Drawing from Scripture only)
>
> While the Scriptures give no definite figures, we are told that the
> number of angels is very great (Daniel 7:10; Matthew 26:53; Hebrews
> 12:22).
>
>
> It appears that all angels were created at one time. No new angels are
> being added to the number. Angels are not subject to death or any form
> of extinction; therefore they do not decrease in number.
>
>
> It seems reasonable to conclude that there are at least as many spirit
> beings in existence as there will have been human beings in all their
> history on earth.
>
>
> Author: Dr. Paul Eymann.
>
>
>
[A Catholic view](http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01476d.htm):
>
> The number of the angels is frequently stated as prodigious (Daniel
> 7:10; Apocalypse 5:11; Psalm 67:18; Matthew 26:53). From the use of
> the word host (sabaoth) as a synonym for the heavenly army it is hard
> to resist the impression that the term "Lord of Hosts" refers to God's
> Supreme command of the angelic multitude (cf. Deuteronomy 33:2; 32:43;
> Septuagint). The Fathers see a reference to the relative numbers of
> men and angels in the parable of the hundred sheep (Luke 15:1-3),
> though this may seem fanciful. The Scholastics, again, following the
> treatise "De Coelesti Hierarchia" of St. Denis, regard the
> preponderance of numbers as a necessary perfection of the angelic host
> (cf. St. Thomas, Summa Theologica I:1:3).
>
>
>
[An Orthodox view](http://orthodoxinfo.com/death/angels2.aspx):
>
> St. Cyril of Jerusalem writes: "Imagine how great in number is the
> Roman people, imagine how great in number are the other barbarian
> peoples that now exist, and how many must have died even! In a
> century, imagine how many have been buried in a thousand years,
> imagine all mankind, from Adam to the present day. Great is their
> multitude, but it is small in comparison with the angels, whose
> numbers are greater. They are the ninety-nine sheep, whereas the human
> race is the one lost sheep. By the greatness of a place one can judge
> the numbers of those who dwell in it. The earth we inhabit is a mere
> dot in the heavens, thus the heaven that surrounds it must have a much
> greater number of inhabitants. As is has greater space, the heavens of
> heavens hold their innumerable number. If it is written that 'a
> thousand thousands ministered unto Him, and ten thousands of myriads
> attended upon Him' this is only because the prophet could express no
> greater number." When the numbers of the angels are so great, it is
> natural to assume that in their world, as in the material: world,
> there are various degrees of perfections and therefore various ranks
> or a hierarchy of the heavenly powers. Thus Holy Scripture calls some
> angels and others archangels (I Thess. 4:16, Jude v. 9).
>
>
>
There are a great many teachings of the number of ***types*** or ***ranks*** of angels, but no serious writings about the population count.
Of course, there may be smaller groups within Christianity that try to pin a number on it, but most of Christianity would discount any such attempt the same way we'd discount all of the various attempts to set a date of the second coming. It wouldn't be accepted by Christianity as a whole.
The only exception I can think of - the ***only*** group within Christianity that puts an actual number to it is the group of ["Christian Atheists"](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_atheism) that discount all supernatural altogether. Those in that group probably put the number at zero. But that is a small group that does not represent any of the major denominations or teachings (nor do they believe in them except, perhaps, the moral ones they agree with). | TWELVE TRILLION! let me explain why.
God knew that for a long time mankind would not have a sophisticated enough number system to grasp the vastness of the Heavenly host so throughout the Bible His Holy Spirit inspires the metaphor "[like] stars in the sky" instead of a number. Today we know the number of stars in space is in the Trillions, - Trillions is the benchmark. Now cross reference with this:
>
> Matthew 26:53 NCV "Surely you know I could ask my Father, and he would give me more than twelve armies of angels."
>
>
>
Some other translations say "legion of angels", but that's human commentary. Like 'many', "Legio" (from the word Lego) just means collection; NOT 1,000 as some wrongly assume. So Jesus never meant 12,000 but a mighty TWELVE TRILLION angels in His personal bodyguard. |
12,511 | According to Revelation 5:11, there are many:
>
> 11 Then I looked and heard the voice of many angels, **numbering
> thousands upon thousands, and ten thousand times ten thousand**. They
> encircled the throne and the living creatures and the elders.
> 12 In a
> loud voice they were saying:
>
>
> “Worthy is the Lamb, who was slain,
> to receive power and wealth and wisdom and strength
> and honor and glory and praise!”
>
>
>
* Are there any doctrines that document/describ how many angels God would have?
* Are they more than us?
* If they are these many, why are there that many? Does it have to be in proportion to God's creations? Is it because of division of labour? | 2013/01/06 | [
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/questions/12511",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com",
"https://christianity.stackexchange.com/users/1839/"
] | "...behold a great red Dragon... And his tail drew
the THIRD PART OF THE STARS OF HEAVEN, and
did cast them to the earth..." (Rev.12:3-4).
assuming those stars to be angels. that means 1/3 of angels were cast out during the purge. I am a Catholic Christian from The Republic of India. we are outnumbered by Hindus by 40:1. I know some of their mythology pretty well. they have a guardian God or godess for each village, family, region likewise. it is said they have 333333333 devatas and devees ( well devatas and devees are demigods of different status). I am going to make a far fetched assumption here. considering these devees and devatas as to be those angels purged out. then the rest which remained faithful I.e 2/3 of heaven would amount to 666666666. adding these we get number 999999999. one angel is left out- Satan who caused the division. adding him we get the no. 1000000000: the total no of angels. that's the closest I could get. any yes these Hindu gods are somewhat similar to Egyptian ones. thanx for reading. | TWELVE TRILLION! let me explain why.
God knew that for a long time mankind would not have a sophisticated enough number system to grasp the vastness of the Heavenly host so throughout the Bible His Holy Spirit inspires the metaphor "[like] stars in the sky" instead of a number. Today we know the number of stars in space is in the Trillions, - Trillions is the benchmark. Now cross reference with this:
>
> Matthew 26:53 NCV "Surely you know I could ask my Father, and he would give me more than twelve armies of angels."
>
>
>
Some other translations say "legion of angels", but that's human commentary. Like 'many', "Legio" (from the word Lego) just means collection; NOT 1,000 as some wrongly assume. So Jesus never meant 12,000 but a mighty TWELVE TRILLION angels in His personal bodyguard. |
8,325,450 | Is there a way to get cookies for specific domain (Facebook) and delete all them using JavaScript?
I want to delete cookies for oAuth (Facebook and Gmail) when the user logs out. | 2011/11/30 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/8325450",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1023476/"
] | No, that is not possible.
You can only access the cookies of your own domain. You can't even see the cookies from a different domain. | The [jQuery Cookie plugin](http://plugins.jquery.com/project/Cookie) is useful for getting the value of a cookie when you already know the name of the cookie you want to query, but provides no way to get a list of all the cookies that are set.
Refer this [DOC](http://www.electrictoolbox.com/javascript-get-all-cookies/) for details !!!!
For deleting cookies you can use eraseCookie function |
8,325,450 | Is there a way to get cookies for specific domain (Facebook) and delete all them using JavaScript?
I want to delete cookies for oAuth (Facebook and Gmail) when the user logs out. | 2011/11/30 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/8325450",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1023476/"
] | No, that is not possible.
You can only access the cookies of your own domain. You can't even see the cookies from a different domain. | So if I understand this correctly you actually want to logout the user from FB... Have you tried using the [FB SDK logout()](http://developers.facebook.com/docs/reference/javascript/FB.logout/) function? That will successfully delete all FB cookies from your domain.
Hope this helps |
220,290 | The center I volunteer for has received 22 Window 7 Professional PCs and a printer, all are networked to a 24 port D-Link switch.
What software could I use to configure multiple PCs at the same time. For example install software, configure system settings and also restrict access to certain websites (it is a children center).
The software has to be open source as we do not have any funds to purchase any licenses. | 2011/01/09 | [
"https://serverfault.com/questions/220290",
"https://serverfault.com",
"https://serverfault.com/users/66158/"
] | Active Directory running on Windows Server would be your best bet. Failing that there are a mass of open source options for doing a lot of this stuff.
Microsoft offers discounts for registered non-profits, and if you can make friends with someone at Microsoft, you can probably get them to give you all sorts of good stuff. | Well you've basically got 2 problems there. Setting up the computers identically and restricting web access. My votes are for [FOG](http://www.fogproject.org/) to image all of the computers to a standard image and [OpenDNS](http://www.opendns.com/start/) to control web filtering.
As for keeping the kids from changing the settings, that's a bit trickier. You best bet for free is to try and lockdown the image, removing things like My computer, search box, start menu, ctrl+alt+del access. Locking down a computer is non-trivial but the harder you make it the less likely things will be changed accidentally. |
220,290 | The center I volunteer for has received 22 Window 7 Professional PCs and a printer, all are networked to a 24 port D-Link switch.
What software could I use to configure multiple PCs at the same time. For example install software, configure system settings and also restrict access to certain websites (it is a children center).
The software has to be open source as we do not have any funds to purchase any licenses. | 2011/01/09 | [
"https://serverfault.com/questions/220290",
"https://serverfault.com",
"https://serverfault.com/users/66158/"
] | Active Directory running on Windows Server would be your best bet. Failing that there are a mass of open source options for doing a lot of this stuff.
Microsoft offers discounts for registered non-profits, and if you can make friends with someone at Microsoft, you can probably get them to give you all sorts of good stuff. | There is a microsoft free software [Microsoft SteadyState](http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/en/details.aspx?familyid=d077a52d-93e9-4b02-bd95-9d770ccdb431&displaylang=en) that can be used to lock down the configuration of the PC, i haven't used it in a production enviroment but it seemed ok so far, let us know how it works out |
220,290 | The center I volunteer for has received 22 Window 7 Professional PCs and a printer, all are networked to a 24 port D-Link switch.
What software could I use to configure multiple PCs at the same time. For example install software, configure system settings and also restrict access to certain websites (it is a children center).
The software has to be open source as we do not have any funds to purchase any licenses. | 2011/01/09 | [
"https://serverfault.com/questions/220290",
"https://serverfault.com",
"https://serverfault.com/users/66158/"
] | Well you've basically got 2 problems there. Setting up the computers identically and restricting web access. My votes are for [FOG](http://www.fogproject.org/) to image all of the computers to a standard image and [OpenDNS](http://www.opendns.com/start/) to control web filtering.
As for keeping the kids from changing the settings, that's a bit trickier. You best bet for free is to try and lockdown the image, removing things like My computer, search box, start menu, ctrl+alt+del access. Locking down a computer is non-trivial but the harder you make it the less likely things will be changed accidentally. | There is a microsoft free software [Microsoft SteadyState](http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/en/details.aspx?familyid=d077a52d-93e9-4b02-bd95-9d770ccdb431&displaylang=en) that can be used to lock down the configuration of the PC, i haven't used it in a production enviroment but it seemed ok so far, let us know how it works out |
89,192 | [This answer](https://law.stackexchange.com/a/48892/36096) explains the difference between a void and voidable contract:
>
> Void means it never happened
>
>
>
>
> Voidable means someone has the right to declare it void (q.v.)
>
>
>
If a contract was signed due to illegal economic duress, I understand the contract can be voided. But is it automatically void or is it voidable by the victim if they choose? Can the victim choose to enforce the contract if s/he so wishes?
What if the victim only wants to enforce certain parts of the contract (assume the contract contains a clause stating that if one clause is unenforceable it shall shall not prevent other clauses from being enforced)? Does the victim have the option to enforce specific parts?
**Update**:
By illegal economic duress I mean duress that was not induced simply due to one side having better bargaining power but duress that was induced in violation of the law. | 2023/02/13 | [
"https://law.stackexchange.com/questions/89192",
"https://law.stackexchange.com",
"https://law.stackexchange.com/users/36096/"
] | >
> If a contract was signed due to economic duress, is it void or
> voidable?
>
>
>
No.
Economic duress is not a ground to find that a contract is void or voidable.
>
> is it automatically void or is it voidable by the victim if they
> choose?
>
>
>
Some kinds of conduct do give rise to a duress defense to a contract (e.g. a threat of violent conduct directed at the other party to the contract or someone connected to them which also constitutes criminal extortion), and while I'm not familiar with cases specific to illegal economic duress as defined in the question, usually, duress that is an affirmative defense to contractual liability causes a contract to be voidable but not void.
I can't recall ever seeing anyone prevail on an affirmative defense of illegal economic duress, although I recognize that such cases exist in circumstances that include the conditions described by the question (i.e. in circumstances where the economic pressure applied arose from or involved illegal conduct by the party seeking to enforce the contract).
>
> Can the victim choose to enforce the contract if s/he so wishes?
>
>
>
A victim of conduct that makes a contract voidable can generally enforce a voidable contract. In contrast, no one can enforce a void contract (e.g., if it is void due to illegality or because the person who supposedly assented to it didn't execute it knowing that it was a contract which is called fraud-in-the-factum).
>
> What if the victim only wants to enforce certain parts of the contract
> (assume the contract contains a clause stating that if one clause is
> unenforceable it shall shall not prevent other clauses from being
> enforced)? Does the victim have the option to enforce specific parts?
>
>
>
Generally not.
One exception is the "severability" doctrine is applied to arbitration clauses in contracts that are voidable as a whole due to the existence of an affirmative defense. The doctrine will allow such contracts to be subjected to arbitration, unless there is a problem specific to the arbitration clause, even if there is an affirmative defense to enforceability of the contract, such as duress, that otherwise renders the contract as a whole voidable. | Voidable
--------
[australia](/questions/tagged/australia "show questions tagged 'australia'")
[Duress](https://www.australiancontractlaw.info/law/duress) must be “illegitimate” pressure by one party on another and can include illegitimate [economic](http://lawcentral.com.au/LCNewsArchive/LCNewsIssueDetails_Public.asp?NormalViewIssueNumber=691) pressure.
>
> Historically in Australia and other jurisdictions, the concept of economic pressure was not considered a legitimate basis for common law duress. This changed in *Universe Tankships Inc. of Monrovia v. International Transport Workers Federation and Others* [1982] 2 All ER 67 where the English courts established the precedent that economic duress can give rise to a duress claim. While this position has been adopted in Australia, some more recent developments have altered the doctrine.
>
>
>
What constitutes illegitimate economic pressure has conflicting precedents and the High Court has not resolved the ambiguity. It is accepted that conduct that is unlawful (e.g. a threatened breach of contract) is illegitimate but it is not clear if lawful but unconscionable conduct is illegitimate. |
61,577 | What can I do to develop my muscle for generating themes, purposes, and content, as very often I haven't used it, focusing mostly on style? | 2022/03/11 | [
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/questions/61577",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/users/25421/"
] | Copyright protects an arrangement of words, a "work", not the ideas behind that work. Even characters, while potentially protected by trademark, are not covered by copyright (though in a commercially published fiction of any consequence, especially one of a well-selling series or franchise, it's pretty likely the characters and some catch phrases will be trademarked -- don't try writing your own story around Mickey and Minny Mouse, or The Avengers!).
That said, news is about sources, as much as events; if your source is an article in another news outlet, you're writing at second (or worse) hand, and if you do this at all regularly, word will get out and consumers will buy from the agency with the originals, rather than the copies. New is also about timeliness, and if you write copies, they necessarily come out *after* the work you copied -- you got scooped!
In general, reputable news agencies will discipline employees who report this way -- and they'll catch them at it via fact-checking (a story needs to be verified against a reliable source before a major outlet will publish it). | I'm not a lawyer, but my understanding is copyright is about intellectual property. I created the idea, therefore I own it.
If a news outlet re-writes a story, they weren't there. They don't own the intellectual property. Somebody else does.
Why should I benefit from somebody else's work? If I re-write a novel using the same characters and story, I am stealing another person's ideas. |
61,577 | What can I do to develop my muscle for generating themes, purposes, and content, as very often I haven't used it, focusing mostly on style? | 2022/03/11 | [
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/questions/61577",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com",
"https://writers.stackexchange.com/users/25421/"
] | Copyright attaches to a work by the act of publication, or sharing the work for the purpose of publication.
A newspapers/websites own their original stories. Those stories that they publish gain copyright protection.
If an organization reproduces other source articles verbatim and without permission, then they are at risk for legal action. That legal action is costly to pursue therefore it isn't often sought by newspapers/websites who believe their copyrights have been trespassed. That fact doesn't prevent everyone from doing this as it is a common practice for some web sites.
If the original story is quoted or summarized, and not reproduced verbatim, then it would be generally covered under "Fair Use" doctrine. But, fair use, was with copyright law, is not a precisely defining property. Many court cases have been unexpectedly won or loss based on the court's interpretation of the exact details of the case pertaining to fair use.
The definition of Fair Use and the letter of the law are one thing. The only true determinant are the decisions of courts in copyright cases. And courts are all over the map, making black and white declarations of what is and what isn't a violation a difficult subject in certain cases. | I'm not a lawyer, but my understanding is copyright is about intellectual property. I created the idea, therefore I own it.
If a news outlet re-writes a story, they weren't there. They don't own the intellectual property. Somebody else does.
Why should I benefit from somebody else's work? If I re-write a novel using the same characters and story, I am stealing another person's ideas. |
412 | I think we're getting too many **"Game Like ..."** questions, like [this](https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/3054/games-of-the-same-strategy-and-depth-as-puerto-rico-that-play-in-90-minutes-or-le) and [that](https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/1619/games-of-the-same-depth-and-play-time-as-race-for-the-galaxy).
These seem to be very subjective with so few details that thousands of games could be listed. You also could make thousands of these types of questions by just subbing another game name in,
**"Games of same depth as CandyLand?"**
I see this a issue of **Rating** games, which is already done at [BoardGameGeek](http://boardgamegeek.com/browse/boardgame), and doesn't fit well on this site. What we really are parallel to is the game-specific forums at BGG, though with a much better interface and format.
**EDIT:** Discussion (as this post is) doesn't really work well on these sites. For example, you can't answer an answer except with little comments, and there's no threading. Forum sites are designed fine for subjective questions, but this site with all answers related to the question, is designed much better for specific-answer types, like rule Q&A and strategy questions. You can see how ungainly it was for me to put all this in the comments to CrazyJugglerDrummer's answer, and how even editing this into my question makes a asynchronous discussion look synchronous, but of course this now makes the comments and some of the answers look out-of-place(time).
What does the community think about this and the effect on our Q&A site? | 2011/03/30 | [
"https://boardgames.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/412",
"https://boardgames.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.meta.stackexchange.com/users/96/"
] | Personally, I'm not a fan of any such questions.
I feel that there is no one objective answer to them and that makes such questions unsuitable for a Q&A site.
This site cannot compete straight up with BGG (and shouldn't). This isn't a forum, and extensive back and forth discussions aren't handled well, by design. If folks want to talk about subjective stuff we should just direct them to BGG.
What we do better, is have peer reviewed answers to questions.
I think our traffic bears out what I've said here. This year, our general traffic is even, or perhaps a bit down. However visits by new people is continually climbing. **We need to retain these folks!**
What are folks coming here for? (Based on search query terms)
* Game Strategy
* Dominion (Agricola is 2nd)
* Where to play board games online
As you might guess, various Dominion strategy queries are the bee's knees. :)
Hard to say definitely but the top query that I think is recommendation based is about #40 this year - "quick set up board games for adults" | I completely agree that the questions are very subjective, and I suppose they do not follow the guidelines of objective Q&A. But this site isn't really making itself very attractive for the casual viewer. I guess what it boils down to is that I don't really think there's a market for a site that does absolute nothing but answer direct questions about board games.
This site is choosing to be the place for objective questions about rules and perhaps some game mechanics and other strictly policed topics. What you are allowed to discuss is very limited. If you want to ask a question that's not allowed here, meaning virtually anything subjective where you just want to talk to some fellow people who love board games and get there opinions on game related stuff, you might as well leave straightaway. This site is not about fun. This site is not about talking with your fellow gamers casually. This site is about questions, and answers. That will be your only interaction with the community.
Board Game Geek is different because its just....fun. You can do everything that's offered on this site, like talk about rules and strategy, but you can also just relax with your fellow gamers. You can rate games, talk about your sessions, ask the advice of tons of other gamers about what games you might like, and rate games as to how much you've enjoyed them to help others when they're looking to try something new. Heck you can even get into some polite arguments about what games are better than others; it's all in the interest of fun.
You may call all the other stuff 'noise' that gets in the way of the 'true objective questions'. But I don't think anyone else does. You can get whatever experience out of the site that you want. Its just a one-stop-shop for everything you could want to talk about regarding board games, and I still don't see what's to keep people coming here for the tiny topics the sites do overlap in. Yes this site is not at all designed to be like that or have any of those features and they would alter the site greatly if it did, but I don't think we're going to convince people "ask your rule and strategy questions here! (even though that's all we really offer and if you want anything besides that you have to go to other sites that also offer Q&A just like ours. But ask those questions here anyway!)"
Don't get me wrong, I love this site to death, and if the community wants me to shut up about this topic I will duct tape my mouth shut, never speak of it again, and continue to answer questions and edit tag wikis gleefully. But I'm honestly worried that other people aren't going to want to join in our little slice of paradise here because we offer so little.
Can anyone point out some flaws in my logic? Can this site really make it as a Q&A only deal? Is having questions with no one objective answer really such a bad thing that we need to purge every example we see no matter what effects it may have? I still don't understand why these subjective questions are so bad in the first place. They only add additional interesting content, variety, and address issues that countless board gamers want to talk about just as much as rules and strategies... |
412 | I think we're getting too many **"Game Like ..."** questions, like [this](https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/3054/games-of-the-same-strategy-and-depth-as-puerto-rico-that-play-in-90-minutes-or-le) and [that](https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/1619/games-of-the-same-depth-and-play-time-as-race-for-the-galaxy).
These seem to be very subjective with so few details that thousands of games could be listed. You also could make thousands of these types of questions by just subbing another game name in,
**"Games of same depth as CandyLand?"**
I see this a issue of **Rating** games, which is already done at [BoardGameGeek](http://boardgamegeek.com/browse/boardgame), and doesn't fit well on this site. What we really are parallel to is the game-specific forums at BGG, though with a much better interface and format.
**EDIT:** Discussion (as this post is) doesn't really work well on these sites. For example, you can't answer an answer except with little comments, and there's no threading. Forum sites are designed fine for subjective questions, but this site with all answers related to the question, is designed much better for specific-answer types, like rule Q&A and strategy questions. You can see how ungainly it was for me to put all this in the comments to CrazyJugglerDrummer's answer, and how even editing this into my question makes a asynchronous discussion look synchronous, but of course this now makes the comments and some of the answers look out-of-place(time).
What does the community think about this and the effect on our Q&A site? | 2011/03/30 | [
"https://boardgames.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/412",
"https://boardgames.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.meta.stackexchange.com/users/96/"
] | Personally, I'm not a fan of any such questions.
I feel that there is no one objective answer to them and that makes such questions unsuitable for a Q&A site.
This site cannot compete straight up with BGG (and shouldn't). This isn't a forum, and extensive back and forth discussions aren't handled well, by design. If folks want to talk about subjective stuff we should just direct them to BGG.
What we do better, is have peer reviewed answers to questions.
I think our traffic bears out what I've said here. This year, our general traffic is even, or perhaps a bit down. However visits by new people is continually climbing. **We need to retain these folks!**
What are folks coming here for? (Based on search query terms)
* Game Strategy
* Dominion (Agricola is 2nd)
* Where to play board games online
As you might guess, various Dominion strategy queries are the bee's knees. :)
Hard to say definitely but the top query that I think is recommendation based is about #40 this year - "quick set up board games for adults" | I believe recommendation questions were covered, primarily on Gaming.
<http://blog.stackoverflow.com/2010/11/the-pee-wee-herman-rule/>
>
> If we get an excellent user who asks a *good, thoughtful* ["game like..."] question and sticks around in our community to participate, then it’s worth allowing it in those rare cases as a high quality “getting to know you” fun question.
>
>
>
I would say these should be generally discouraged -- but if you see an *exceptionally* high quality one, indicative of a user that might ultimately be an asset to your community, it can *sometimes* be allowed in those circumstances. |
412 | I think we're getting too many **"Game Like ..."** questions, like [this](https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/3054/games-of-the-same-strategy-and-depth-as-puerto-rico-that-play-in-90-minutes-or-le) and [that](https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/1619/games-of-the-same-depth-and-play-time-as-race-for-the-galaxy).
These seem to be very subjective with so few details that thousands of games could be listed. You also could make thousands of these types of questions by just subbing another game name in,
**"Games of same depth as CandyLand?"**
I see this a issue of **Rating** games, which is already done at [BoardGameGeek](http://boardgamegeek.com/browse/boardgame), and doesn't fit well on this site. What we really are parallel to is the game-specific forums at BGG, though with a much better interface and format.
**EDIT:** Discussion (as this post is) doesn't really work well on these sites. For example, you can't answer an answer except with little comments, and there's no threading. Forum sites are designed fine for subjective questions, but this site with all answers related to the question, is designed much better for specific-answer types, like rule Q&A and strategy questions. You can see how ungainly it was for me to put all this in the comments to CrazyJugglerDrummer's answer, and how even editing this into my question makes a asynchronous discussion look synchronous, but of course this now makes the comments and some of the answers look out-of-place(time).
What does the community think about this and the effect on our Q&A site? | 2011/03/30 | [
"https://boardgames.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/412",
"https://boardgames.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.meta.stackexchange.com/users/96/"
] | Personally, I'm not a fan of any such questions.
I feel that there is no one objective answer to them and that makes such questions unsuitable for a Q&A site.
This site cannot compete straight up with BGG (and shouldn't). This isn't a forum, and extensive back and forth discussions aren't handled well, by design. If folks want to talk about subjective stuff we should just direct them to BGG.
What we do better, is have peer reviewed answers to questions.
I think our traffic bears out what I've said here. This year, our general traffic is even, or perhaps a bit down. However visits by new people is continually climbing. **We need to retain these folks!**
What are folks coming here for? (Based on search query terms)
* Game Strategy
* Dominion (Agricola is 2nd)
* Where to play board games online
As you might guess, various Dominion strategy queries are the bee's knees. :)
Hard to say definitely but the top query that I think is recommendation based is about #40 this year - "quick set up board games for adults" | **"Game Like"** questions can be objective if written properly. **"Game Like"** answers can be objective if answered properly.
I believe some criteria can be applied to these questions to help keep things objective. The ultimate goal is to have a good question with a definitive answer. And some of these questions do have definitive answers. What would be the worst case is for a "Game Like" question to be down-voted or deleted without the merits of the question being considered at all, just because it contains a known pattern. Especially with this site in beta.
**Good**:
* If the question asks for a comparison of game mechanics, then it is a very good question. Most mechanics can be analyzed and compared objectively with other games.
* If the list of correct answers is too long, then the question should be written to be more specific or broken into multiple questions. The correct answer may even be that the list is too long with a reason of why. This would give gamers new to a game some insight as to a game's classification or a specific mechanics popularity among games in general. "Here are a few popular ones, but there are too many to list." can be a very useful answer in some cases.
* If the question asks for an answer that can differ between people, it may still be a good question, and the correct answer may be a list of things that should be considered. Questions like game length could fit this category. Game length can be analyzed and calculated for different groups. It may have a large deviation, but it is still a number.
**Bad**:
* If the question mentions only a game, but doesn't focus on a mechanic, then it should probably go. Unless the game is so unique that all the mechanics can be considered.
* If the question is asking for a comparison of a subjective topic, like "fun" or "best", then it is really too broad for a definitive answer and should be closed as such. Fun can't really be
* If the question is asking for a recommendation of a new game to players of a different game, it should be removed because that is subjective. (Only Netflix can answer that. ;) )
I think the best outcome here is to make these well written questions. The answers may be difficult to find and there may need to be a fair amount of discussion before a correct answer is found, but as long as an answer bubbles up at the end, it was a good question.
These questions are also moving targets, as new games are developed. In which case the selected answer should be added to. It's the same with many programming questions too. Languages are always evolving to give you a better way to do a task and deprecating things. |
412 | I think we're getting too many **"Game Like ..."** questions, like [this](https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/3054/games-of-the-same-strategy-and-depth-as-puerto-rico-that-play-in-90-minutes-or-le) and [that](https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/1619/games-of-the-same-depth-and-play-time-as-race-for-the-galaxy).
These seem to be very subjective with so few details that thousands of games could be listed. You also could make thousands of these types of questions by just subbing another game name in,
**"Games of same depth as CandyLand?"**
I see this a issue of **Rating** games, which is already done at [BoardGameGeek](http://boardgamegeek.com/browse/boardgame), and doesn't fit well on this site. What we really are parallel to is the game-specific forums at BGG, though with a much better interface and format.
**EDIT:** Discussion (as this post is) doesn't really work well on these sites. For example, you can't answer an answer except with little comments, and there's no threading. Forum sites are designed fine for subjective questions, but this site with all answers related to the question, is designed much better for specific-answer types, like rule Q&A and strategy questions. You can see how ungainly it was for me to put all this in the comments to CrazyJugglerDrummer's answer, and how even editing this into my question makes a asynchronous discussion look synchronous, but of course this now makes the comments and some of the answers look out-of-place(time).
What does the community think about this and the effect on our Q&A site? | 2011/03/30 | [
"https://boardgames.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/412",
"https://boardgames.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.meta.stackexchange.com/users/96/"
] | I believe recommendation questions were covered, primarily on Gaming.
<http://blog.stackoverflow.com/2010/11/the-pee-wee-herman-rule/>
>
> If we get an excellent user who asks a *good, thoughtful* ["game like..."] question and sticks around in our community to participate, then it’s worth allowing it in those rare cases as a high quality “getting to know you” fun question.
>
>
>
I would say these should be generally discouraged -- but if you see an *exceptionally* high quality one, indicative of a user that might ultimately be an asset to your community, it can *sometimes* be allowed in those circumstances. | I completely agree that the questions are very subjective, and I suppose they do not follow the guidelines of objective Q&A. But this site isn't really making itself very attractive for the casual viewer. I guess what it boils down to is that I don't really think there's a market for a site that does absolute nothing but answer direct questions about board games.
This site is choosing to be the place for objective questions about rules and perhaps some game mechanics and other strictly policed topics. What you are allowed to discuss is very limited. If you want to ask a question that's not allowed here, meaning virtually anything subjective where you just want to talk to some fellow people who love board games and get there opinions on game related stuff, you might as well leave straightaway. This site is not about fun. This site is not about talking with your fellow gamers casually. This site is about questions, and answers. That will be your only interaction with the community.
Board Game Geek is different because its just....fun. You can do everything that's offered on this site, like talk about rules and strategy, but you can also just relax with your fellow gamers. You can rate games, talk about your sessions, ask the advice of tons of other gamers about what games you might like, and rate games as to how much you've enjoyed them to help others when they're looking to try something new. Heck you can even get into some polite arguments about what games are better than others; it's all in the interest of fun.
You may call all the other stuff 'noise' that gets in the way of the 'true objective questions'. But I don't think anyone else does. You can get whatever experience out of the site that you want. Its just a one-stop-shop for everything you could want to talk about regarding board games, and I still don't see what's to keep people coming here for the tiny topics the sites do overlap in. Yes this site is not at all designed to be like that or have any of those features and they would alter the site greatly if it did, but I don't think we're going to convince people "ask your rule and strategy questions here! (even though that's all we really offer and if you want anything besides that you have to go to other sites that also offer Q&A just like ours. But ask those questions here anyway!)"
Don't get me wrong, I love this site to death, and if the community wants me to shut up about this topic I will duct tape my mouth shut, never speak of it again, and continue to answer questions and edit tag wikis gleefully. But I'm honestly worried that other people aren't going to want to join in our little slice of paradise here because we offer so little.
Can anyone point out some flaws in my logic? Can this site really make it as a Q&A only deal? Is having questions with no one objective answer really such a bad thing that we need to purge every example we see no matter what effects it may have? I still don't understand why these subjective questions are so bad in the first place. They only add additional interesting content, variety, and address issues that countless board gamers want to talk about just as much as rules and strategies... |
412 | I think we're getting too many **"Game Like ..."** questions, like [this](https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/3054/games-of-the-same-strategy-and-depth-as-puerto-rico-that-play-in-90-minutes-or-le) and [that](https://boardgames.stackexchange.com/questions/1619/games-of-the-same-depth-and-play-time-as-race-for-the-galaxy).
These seem to be very subjective with so few details that thousands of games could be listed. You also could make thousands of these types of questions by just subbing another game name in,
**"Games of same depth as CandyLand?"**
I see this a issue of **Rating** games, which is already done at [BoardGameGeek](http://boardgamegeek.com/browse/boardgame), and doesn't fit well on this site. What we really are parallel to is the game-specific forums at BGG, though with a much better interface and format.
**EDIT:** Discussion (as this post is) doesn't really work well on these sites. For example, you can't answer an answer except with little comments, and there's no threading. Forum sites are designed fine for subjective questions, but this site with all answers related to the question, is designed much better for specific-answer types, like rule Q&A and strategy questions. You can see how ungainly it was for me to put all this in the comments to CrazyJugglerDrummer's answer, and how even editing this into my question makes a asynchronous discussion look synchronous, but of course this now makes the comments and some of the answers look out-of-place(time).
What does the community think about this and the effect on our Q&A site? | 2011/03/30 | [
"https://boardgames.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/412",
"https://boardgames.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://boardgames.meta.stackexchange.com/users/96/"
] | I believe recommendation questions were covered, primarily on Gaming.
<http://blog.stackoverflow.com/2010/11/the-pee-wee-herman-rule/>
>
> If we get an excellent user who asks a *good, thoughtful* ["game like..."] question and sticks around in our community to participate, then it’s worth allowing it in those rare cases as a high quality “getting to know you” fun question.
>
>
>
I would say these should be generally discouraged -- but if you see an *exceptionally* high quality one, indicative of a user that might ultimately be an asset to your community, it can *sometimes* be allowed in those circumstances. | **"Game Like"** questions can be objective if written properly. **"Game Like"** answers can be objective if answered properly.
I believe some criteria can be applied to these questions to help keep things objective. The ultimate goal is to have a good question with a definitive answer. And some of these questions do have definitive answers. What would be the worst case is for a "Game Like" question to be down-voted or deleted without the merits of the question being considered at all, just because it contains a known pattern. Especially with this site in beta.
**Good**:
* If the question asks for a comparison of game mechanics, then it is a very good question. Most mechanics can be analyzed and compared objectively with other games.
* If the list of correct answers is too long, then the question should be written to be more specific or broken into multiple questions. The correct answer may even be that the list is too long with a reason of why. This would give gamers new to a game some insight as to a game's classification or a specific mechanics popularity among games in general. "Here are a few popular ones, but there are too many to list." can be a very useful answer in some cases.
* If the question asks for an answer that can differ between people, it may still be a good question, and the correct answer may be a list of things that should be considered. Questions like game length could fit this category. Game length can be analyzed and calculated for different groups. It may have a large deviation, but it is still a number.
**Bad**:
* If the question mentions only a game, but doesn't focus on a mechanic, then it should probably go. Unless the game is so unique that all the mechanics can be considered.
* If the question is asking for a comparison of a subjective topic, like "fun" or "best", then it is really too broad for a definitive answer and should be closed as such. Fun can't really be
* If the question is asking for a recommendation of a new game to players of a different game, it should be removed because that is subjective. (Only Netflix can answer that. ;) )
I think the best outcome here is to make these well written questions. The answers may be difficult to find and there may need to be a fair amount of discussion before a correct answer is found, but as long as an answer bubbles up at the end, it was a good question.
These questions are also moving targets, as new games are developed. In which case the selected answer should be added to. It's the same with many programming questions too. Languages are always evolving to give you a better way to do a task and deprecating things. |
93,865 | As we now [know for certain](http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/1206/), the World of Ice and Fire (Game of Thrones) is round. Well, we note that the southernmost known or charted area - specifically Sothoryos - are tropical jungle lands. This suggests they're close to the equator, rather than to the south pole.
Is there any reference in the books to what's on the other hemisphere? The opposite side of the world? Cold/frozen lands in the far, far south? | 2015/06/26 | [
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/93865",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/users/16835/"
] | **tl;dr:** The short answer is, we have no idea what's down there.
---
When *The Lands of Ice and Fire* was released, it included a map of what was considered the "known world" -- Westeros, Essos, and Sothoryos. It also included a fourth map of a place called Ulthos, which may or may not be a continent. Ulthos is east of Sothoryos, and about all we know about it is that it's also covered in jungle.
In fact, Martin has deliberately avoided revealing any information about what lies across the southern seas, because that's how things worked during the period in Western European history that he's basing his story on:
>
> "Some of that is, Here there be dragons," Martin cautioned. "It's beyond the world they know." Of the other continents yet to be explored, Martin said he "deliberately" kept Sothoryos mysterious, to echo real-life history: "Even though Africa was known to Europe from the earliest days of ancient Greece,” he said, “we knew relatively little about sub-Saharan Africa." [1](http://www.vulture.com/2014/11/george-rr-martin-new-book.html)
>
>
>
As far as what we would find there if we looked, on a normal planet in a typical orbit around it's star, the further towards the poles you go, the less direct sunlight you receive, so the colder the climate is. This lines up with what we see on the planet of *Ice and Fire*, if we assume that both Sothoryos and Ulthos are near or at the equator: it's colder up north and warmer in the south. That would imply that the lands further to the south would also get colder as we went down.
Of course, there's a bit of a snag in this theory: Westeros has flaky weather, which Martin has essentially confirmed to be magical. So, we can't make any of those assumptions about normal climate on the planet. Which means, we literally know *nothing* about the lands south of Essos. | This region is unexplored, so no one in the story really knows. GRRM touches on this in a series of answers [regarding geographical information](http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/Geographical_Information/):
>
> There will be new maps in each book, so the pieces will gradually come together... but I am not sure that I will ever do a map of the entire world.
>
>
> I like the idea of far off realms being fabulous places, and the maps getting vaguer out toward the edges... as they did in real life. "Here There Be Dragons," and all that.
>
>
> |
93,865 | As we now [know for certain](http://www.westeros.org/Citadel/SSM/Entry/1206/), the World of Ice and Fire (Game of Thrones) is round. Well, we note that the southernmost known or charted area - specifically Sothoryos - are tropical jungle lands. This suggests they're close to the equator, rather than to the south pole.
Is there any reference in the books to what's on the other hemisphere? The opposite side of the world? Cold/frozen lands in the far, far south? | 2015/06/26 | [
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/93865",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com",
"https://scifi.stackexchange.com/users/16835/"
] | **tl;dr:** The short answer is, we have no idea what's down there.
---
When *The Lands of Ice and Fire* was released, it included a map of what was considered the "known world" -- Westeros, Essos, and Sothoryos. It also included a fourth map of a place called Ulthos, which may or may not be a continent. Ulthos is east of Sothoryos, and about all we know about it is that it's also covered in jungle.
In fact, Martin has deliberately avoided revealing any information about what lies across the southern seas, because that's how things worked during the period in Western European history that he's basing his story on:
>
> "Some of that is, Here there be dragons," Martin cautioned. "It's beyond the world they know." Of the other continents yet to be explored, Martin said he "deliberately" kept Sothoryos mysterious, to echo real-life history: "Even though Africa was known to Europe from the earliest days of ancient Greece,” he said, “we knew relatively little about sub-Saharan Africa." [1](http://www.vulture.com/2014/11/george-rr-martin-new-book.html)
>
>
>
As far as what we would find there if we looked, on a normal planet in a typical orbit around it's star, the further towards the poles you go, the less direct sunlight you receive, so the colder the climate is. This lines up with what we see on the planet of *Ice and Fire*, if we assume that both Sothoryos and Ulthos are near or at the equator: it's colder up north and warmer in the south. That would imply that the lands further to the south would also get colder as we went down.
Of course, there's a bit of a snag in this theory: Westeros has flaky weather, which Martin has essentially confirmed to be magical. So, we can't make any of those assumptions about normal climate on the planet. Which means, we literally know *nothing* about the lands south of Essos. | *[The Lands of Ice and Fire](http://awoiaf.westeros.org/index.php/The_Lands_of_Ice_and_Fire)* depicts a map of *The Known World*:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/oTBGx.jpg)
We can see that to the South of the known continents of Westeros and Essos, there are two more, Sothoryos and, to the far South-East, Ulthos.
Anyway, as far as I can tell, this is the most complete official map that we have at out disposal.
We don't really know about the exact location of the equator of this planet, and about the size, shape and precise location of the continents of Sothoryos and Ulthos, so we don't have any certainty about:
* the exact location of the two hemispheres;
* whether the two continents are entirely located in the southern emisphere;
* whether they span both hemispheres, and what we see in this map are just their northernmost parts;
* what lies not only to the South, but also to the West and to the East of this map (to the North, and not very far, presumably, there is the North Pole).
As KutuluMike said in his answer, we can *try* to guess something about the location of these landmasses by the climates, which is the basis of my previous assumption that the North part of Westeros is close to the pole1, and that the areas covered with jungles lie in the vicinity of the equator, but since we also know that the climate is also ruled by magic, these can only be speculations at most.
There is also the possibility that Sothoryos and Ulthos are not as extensive as Westeros and Ulthos, and that the Southern hemisphere, wherever it might start, could be mainly covered by oceans, leaving the landmasses primarily on the North, pretty much like our Earth2:
[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/e5k4C.png)
---
1. But in fiction, there can also be [planets](http://lba.wikia.com/wiki/Twinsun) where poles are deserts and equators huge glaciated mountain chains...
2. Because of the projection used by this map, Antarctica seems to be larger than it is in reality. |
12,840 | I got two answers to a story-identification question, pointing to the **same series**. And the time marked for the two answers is the very same minute.
I still have to check if it is right series, (at first sight it does look so, but I'll have to do some more checking).
But when and if I am convinced both answers are correct, what should I do?
Form the time marks and the lengths of the answers it looks like both answers were typed independently. There was no way one could have been typed by copying the other one. Definitely not enough time.
What should I do? | 2019/12/18 | [
"https://scifi.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/12840",
"https://scifi.meta.stackexchange.com",
"https://scifi.meta.stackexchange.com/users/115682/"
] | You have several options:
* **Do nothing**
As the questioner you never have an obligation to do anything with answers. When you receive any answer you can choose to comment on it, vote on it, flag it, or accept it, but you don’t have to do any of those. Here too you can do nothing if you so desire.
* **Upvote both and accept the better one**
Usually two answers won’t be word for word identical even when they’re giving the same answer. Perhaps one answer has more details about the story, or one answer makes a better case for why it is the correct identification.
* **Accept whichever one came first**
It is unlikely that both answers will have the same timestamp down to the exact second.
* **Any other arbitrary/random method of deciding**
Let’s see how creative you are.
* **Accept one and bounty the other**
See above for how to decide which to do for which.
In short, you can do whatever you want as long as you don’t violate any of the site’s rules. | Paulie\_D's answer was earlier by 11 seconds ([22:58:11 vs. 22:58:22](https://scifi.stackexchange.com/posts/224677/timeline)).
Assuming you feel that the two answers ***are of otherwise equal quality***, I'd suggest you reward the one that was sooner. |
136,366 | I am trying to leverage ORM given the following requirements:
1) Using .NET Framework (latest Framework is okay)
2) Must be able to use Sybase, Oracle, MSSQL interchangeably
3) The schema is mostly static, BUT there are dynamic parts.
I am somewhat familiar with SubSonic and NHibernate, but not deeply.
I get the nagging feeling that the ORM can do what I want, but I don't know how to leverage it at the moment.
SubSonic probably isn't optimal, since it doesn't currently support Sybase, and writing my own provider for it is beyond my resources and ability right now.
For #3 (above), there are a couple of metadata tables, which describe tables which the vendors can "staple on" to the existing database.
Let's call these *MetaTables*, and *MetaFields*.
There is a base static schema, which the ORM (NHibernate ATM) handles nicely.
**However**, a vendor can add a table to the database (physically) as long as they also add the data to the metadata tables to describe their structure.
What I'd really like is for me to be able to somehow "feed" the ORM with that metadata (in a way that it understands) and have it at that point allow me to manipulate the data.
My primary **goal** is to reduce the amount of generic SQL statement building I have to do on these dynamic tables.
I'd also like to avoid having to worry about the differences in SQL being sent to Sybase,Oracle, or MSSQL.
My primary **problem** is that I don't have a way to let ORM know about the dynamic tables until runtime, when I'll have access to the metadata
**Edit**: An example of the usage might be like the one [outlined here](http://subsonicproject.com/querying/using-the-original-query-tool/):
IDataReader rdr=new Query("DynamicTable1").WHERE("ArbitraryId",2).ExecuteReader();
(However, it doesn't look like SubSonic will work, as there is no Sybase provider (see above) | 2008/09/25 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/136366",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/12706/"
] | We did some of the using NHibernate, however we stopped the project since it didn't provide us with the ROI we wanted. We ended up writing our own ORM/SQL layer which worked very well (worked since I no longer work there, I'm guessing it still works).
Our system used a open source project to generate the SQL (don't remember the name any more) and we built all our queries in our own Xml based language (Query Markup Language - QML). We could then build an xmlDocument with selects, wheres, groups etc. and then send that to the SqlEngine that would turn it into a Sql statement and execute it. We discusse, but never implemented, a cache in all of this. That would've allowed us to cache the Qmls for frequently used queries. | I am a little confused as to how the orm would be used then at runtime? If the ORM would dynamically build something at runtime, how does the runtime code know what the orm did dynamically?
"have it at that point allow me to manipulate the data" - What is manipulating the data?
I may be missing something here and i aplogize if thats the case. (I only have really used bottom up approach with ORM) |
136,366 | I am trying to leverage ORM given the following requirements:
1) Using .NET Framework (latest Framework is okay)
2) Must be able to use Sybase, Oracle, MSSQL interchangeably
3) The schema is mostly static, BUT there are dynamic parts.
I am somewhat familiar with SubSonic and NHibernate, but not deeply.
I get the nagging feeling that the ORM can do what I want, but I don't know how to leverage it at the moment.
SubSonic probably isn't optimal, since it doesn't currently support Sybase, and writing my own provider for it is beyond my resources and ability right now.
For #3 (above), there are a couple of metadata tables, which describe tables which the vendors can "staple on" to the existing database.
Let's call these *MetaTables*, and *MetaFields*.
There is a base static schema, which the ORM (NHibernate ATM) handles nicely.
**However**, a vendor can add a table to the database (physically) as long as they also add the data to the metadata tables to describe their structure.
What I'd really like is for me to be able to somehow "feed" the ORM with that metadata (in a way that it understands) and have it at that point allow me to manipulate the data.
My primary **goal** is to reduce the amount of generic SQL statement building I have to do on these dynamic tables.
I'd also like to avoid having to worry about the differences in SQL being sent to Sybase,Oracle, or MSSQL.
My primary **problem** is that I don't have a way to let ORM know about the dynamic tables until runtime, when I'll have access to the metadata
**Edit**: An example of the usage might be like the one [outlined here](http://subsonicproject.com/querying/using-the-original-query-tool/):
IDataReader rdr=new Query("DynamicTable1").WHERE("ArbitraryId",2).ExecuteReader();
(However, it doesn't look like SubSonic will work, as there is no Sybase provider (see above) | 2008/09/25 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/136366",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/12706/"
] | Acording to this blog you can in fact use [NHibernate with dynamic mapping](http://ayende.com/Blog/archive/2008/05/01/Dynamic-Mapping-with-NHibernate.aspx). It takes a bit of tweaking though... | I am a little confused as to how the orm would be used then at runtime? If the ORM would dynamically build something at runtime, how does the runtime code know what the orm did dynamically?
"have it at that point allow me to manipulate the data" - What is manipulating the data?
I may be missing something here and i aplogize if thats the case. (I only have really used bottom up approach with ORM) |
136,366 | I am trying to leverage ORM given the following requirements:
1) Using .NET Framework (latest Framework is okay)
2) Must be able to use Sybase, Oracle, MSSQL interchangeably
3) The schema is mostly static, BUT there are dynamic parts.
I am somewhat familiar with SubSonic and NHibernate, but not deeply.
I get the nagging feeling that the ORM can do what I want, but I don't know how to leverage it at the moment.
SubSonic probably isn't optimal, since it doesn't currently support Sybase, and writing my own provider for it is beyond my resources and ability right now.
For #3 (above), there are a couple of metadata tables, which describe tables which the vendors can "staple on" to the existing database.
Let's call these *MetaTables*, and *MetaFields*.
There is a base static schema, which the ORM (NHibernate ATM) handles nicely.
**However**, a vendor can add a table to the database (physically) as long as they also add the data to the metadata tables to describe their structure.
What I'd really like is for me to be able to somehow "feed" the ORM with that metadata (in a way that it understands) and have it at that point allow me to manipulate the data.
My primary **goal** is to reduce the amount of generic SQL statement building I have to do on these dynamic tables.
I'd also like to avoid having to worry about the differences in SQL being sent to Sybase,Oracle, or MSSQL.
My primary **problem** is that I don't have a way to let ORM know about the dynamic tables until runtime, when I'll have access to the metadata
**Edit**: An example of the usage might be like the one [outlined here](http://subsonicproject.com/querying/using-the-original-query-tool/):
IDataReader rdr=new Query("DynamicTable1").WHERE("ArbitraryId",2).ExecuteReader();
(However, it doesn't look like SubSonic will work, as there is no Sybase provider (see above) | 2008/09/25 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/136366",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/12706/"
] | We did some of the using NHibernate, however we stopped the project since it didn't provide us with the ROI we wanted. We ended up writing our own ORM/SQL layer which worked very well (worked since I no longer work there, I'm guessing it still works).
Our system used a open source project to generate the SQL (don't remember the name any more) and we built all our queries in our own Xml based language (Query Markup Language - QML). We could then build an xmlDocument with selects, wheres, groups etc. and then send that to the SqlEngine that would turn it into a Sql statement and execute it. We discusse, but never implemented, a cache in all of this. That would've allowed us to cache the Qmls for frequently used queries. | IDataReader doesn't map anything to an object you know. So your example should be written using classic query builder. |
136,366 | I am trying to leverage ORM given the following requirements:
1) Using .NET Framework (latest Framework is okay)
2) Must be able to use Sybase, Oracle, MSSQL interchangeably
3) The schema is mostly static, BUT there are dynamic parts.
I am somewhat familiar with SubSonic and NHibernate, but not deeply.
I get the nagging feeling that the ORM can do what I want, but I don't know how to leverage it at the moment.
SubSonic probably isn't optimal, since it doesn't currently support Sybase, and writing my own provider for it is beyond my resources and ability right now.
For #3 (above), there are a couple of metadata tables, which describe tables which the vendors can "staple on" to the existing database.
Let's call these *MetaTables*, and *MetaFields*.
There is a base static schema, which the ORM (NHibernate ATM) handles nicely.
**However**, a vendor can add a table to the database (physically) as long as they also add the data to the metadata tables to describe their structure.
What I'd really like is for me to be able to somehow "feed" the ORM with that metadata (in a way that it understands) and have it at that point allow me to manipulate the data.
My primary **goal** is to reduce the amount of generic SQL statement building I have to do on these dynamic tables.
I'd also like to avoid having to worry about the differences in SQL being sent to Sybase,Oracle, or MSSQL.
My primary **problem** is that I don't have a way to let ORM know about the dynamic tables until runtime, when I'll have access to the metadata
**Edit**: An example of the usage might be like the one [outlined here](http://subsonicproject.com/querying/using-the-original-query-tool/):
IDataReader rdr=new Query("DynamicTable1").WHERE("ArbitraryId",2).ExecuteReader();
(However, it doesn't look like SubSonic will work, as there is no Sybase provider (see above) | 2008/09/25 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/136366",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/12706/"
] | Acording to this blog you can in fact use [NHibernate with dynamic mapping](http://ayende.com/Blog/archive/2008/05/01/Dynamic-Mapping-with-NHibernate.aspx). It takes a bit of tweaking though... | IDataReader doesn't map anything to an object you know. So your example should be written using classic query builder. |
136,366 | I am trying to leverage ORM given the following requirements:
1) Using .NET Framework (latest Framework is okay)
2) Must be able to use Sybase, Oracle, MSSQL interchangeably
3) The schema is mostly static, BUT there are dynamic parts.
I am somewhat familiar with SubSonic and NHibernate, but not deeply.
I get the nagging feeling that the ORM can do what I want, but I don't know how to leverage it at the moment.
SubSonic probably isn't optimal, since it doesn't currently support Sybase, and writing my own provider for it is beyond my resources and ability right now.
For #3 (above), there are a couple of metadata tables, which describe tables which the vendors can "staple on" to the existing database.
Let's call these *MetaTables*, and *MetaFields*.
There is a base static schema, which the ORM (NHibernate ATM) handles nicely.
**However**, a vendor can add a table to the database (physically) as long as they also add the data to the metadata tables to describe their structure.
What I'd really like is for me to be able to somehow "feed" the ORM with that metadata (in a way that it understands) and have it at that point allow me to manipulate the data.
My primary **goal** is to reduce the amount of generic SQL statement building I have to do on these dynamic tables.
I'd also like to avoid having to worry about the differences in SQL being sent to Sybase,Oracle, or MSSQL.
My primary **problem** is that I don't have a way to let ORM know about the dynamic tables until runtime, when I'll have access to the metadata
**Edit**: An example of the usage might be like the one [outlined here](http://subsonicproject.com/querying/using-the-original-query-tool/):
IDataReader rdr=new Query("DynamicTable1").WHERE("ArbitraryId",2).ExecuteReader();
(However, it doesn't look like SubSonic will work, as there is no Sybase provider (see above) | 2008/09/25 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/136366",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/12706/"
] | We did some of the using NHibernate, however we stopped the project since it didn't provide us with the ROI we wanted. We ended up writing our own ORM/SQL layer which worked very well (worked since I no longer work there, I'm guessing it still works).
Our system used a open source project to generate the SQL (don't remember the name any more) and we built all our queries in our own Xml based language (Query Markup Language - QML). We could then build an xmlDocument with selects, wheres, groups etc. and then send that to the SqlEngine that would turn it into a Sql statement and execute it. We discusse, but never implemented, a cache in all of this. That would've allowed us to cache the Qmls for frequently used queries. | Have you looked into using the ADO.NET Entity Framework?
[MSDN: LINQ to Entities](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb386964.aspx)
It allows you to map database tables to an object model in such a manner that you can code without thinking about which database vendor is being used, and without worrying about minor variations made by a DBA to the actual tables. The mapping is kept in configuration files that can be modified when the db tables are modified without requiring a recompile.
Also, using LINQ to Entities, you can build queries in an OO manner, so you aren't writing actual SQL query strings. |
136,366 | I am trying to leverage ORM given the following requirements:
1) Using .NET Framework (latest Framework is okay)
2) Must be able to use Sybase, Oracle, MSSQL interchangeably
3) The schema is mostly static, BUT there are dynamic parts.
I am somewhat familiar with SubSonic and NHibernate, but not deeply.
I get the nagging feeling that the ORM can do what I want, but I don't know how to leverage it at the moment.
SubSonic probably isn't optimal, since it doesn't currently support Sybase, and writing my own provider for it is beyond my resources and ability right now.
For #3 (above), there are a couple of metadata tables, which describe tables which the vendors can "staple on" to the existing database.
Let's call these *MetaTables*, and *MetaFields*.
There is a base static schema, which the ORM (NHibernate ATM) handles nicely.
**However**, a vendor can add a table to the database (physically) as long as they also add the data to the metadata tables to describe their structure.
What I'd really like is for me to be able to somehow "feed" the ORM with that metadata (in a way that it understands) and have it at that point allow me to manipulate the data.
My primary **goal** is to reduce the amount of generic SQL statement building I have to do on these dynamic tables.
I'd also like to avoid having to worry about the differences in SQL being sent to Sybase,Oracle, or MSSQL.
My primary **problem** is that I don't have a way to let ORM know about the dynamic tables until runtime, when I'll have access to the metadata
**Edit**: An example of the usage might be like the one [outlined here](http://subsonicproject.com/querying/using-the-original-query-tool/):
IDataReader rdr=new Query("DynamicTable1").WHERE("ArbitraryId",2).ExecuteReader();
(However, it doesn't look like SubSonic will work, as there is no Sybase provider (see above) | 2008/09/25 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/136366",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/12706/"
] | Acording to this blog you can in fact use [NHibernate with dynamic mapping](http://ayende.com/Blog/archive/2008/05/01/Dynamic-Mapping-with-NHibernate.aspx). It takes a bit of tweaking though... | We did some of the using NHibernate, however we stopped the project since it didn't provide us with the ROI we wanted. We ended up writing our own ORM/SQL layer which worked very well (worked since I no longer work there, I'm guessing it still works).
Our system used a open source project to generate the SQL (don't remember the name any more) and we built all our queries in our own Xml based language (Query Markup Language - QML). We could then build an xmlDocument with selects, wheres, groups etc. and then send that to the SqlEngine that would turn it into a Sql statement and execute it. We discusse, but never implemented, a cache in all of this. That would've allowed us to cache the Qmls for frequently used queries. |
136,366 | I am trying to leverage ORM given the following requirements:
1) Using .NET Framework (latest Framework is okay)
2) Must be able to use Sybase, Oracle, MSSQL interchangeably
3) The schema is mostly static, BUT there are dynamic parts.
I am somewhat familiar with SubSonic and NHibernate, but not deeply.
I get the nagging feeling that the ORM can do what I want, but I don't know how to leverage it at the moment.
SubSonic probably isn't optimal, since it doesn't currently support Sybase, and writing my own provider for it is beyond my resources and ability right now.
For #3 (above), there are a couple of metadata tables, which describe tables which the vendors can "staple on" to the existing database.
Let's call these *MetaTables*, and *MetaFields*.
There is a base static schema, which the ORM (NHibernate ATM) handles nicely.
**However**, a vendor can add a table to the database (physically) as long as they also add the data to the metadata tables to describe their structure.
What I'd really like is for me to be able to somehow "feed" the ORM with that metadata (in a way that it understands) and have it at that point allow me to manipulate the data.
My primary **goal** is to reduce the amount of generic SQL statement building I have to do on these dynamic tables.
I'd also like to avoid having to worry about the differences in SQL being sent to Sybase,Oracle, or MSSQL.
My primary **problem** is that I don't have a way to let ORM know about the dynamic tables until runtime, when I'll have access to the metadata
**Edit**: An example of the usage might be like the one [outlined here](http://subsonicproject.com/querying/using-the-original-query-tool/):
IDataReader rdr=new Query("DynamicTable1").WHERE("ArbitraryId",2).ExecuteReader();
(However, it doesn't look like SubSonic will work, as there is no Sybase provider (see above) | 2008/09/25 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/136366",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/12706/"
] | Acording to this blog you can in fact use [NHibernate with dynamic mapping](http://ayende.com/Blog/archive/2008/05/01/Dynamic-Mapping-with-NHibernate.aspx). It takes a bit of tweaking though... | Have you looked into using the ADO.NET Entity Framework?
[MSDN: LINQ to Entities](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb386964.aspx)
It allows you to map database tables to an object model in such a manner that you can code without thinking about which database vendor is being used, and without worrying about minor variations made by a DBA to the actual tables. The mapping is kept in configuration files that can be modified when the db tables are modified without requiring a recompile.
Also, using LINQ to Entities, you can build queries in an OO manner, so you aren't writing actual SQL query strings. |
11,312 | Are there any restrictions on cashing a high-value personal check (say just less than $100,000) from a bank where I don't hold an account.
My friend will give me a check for the amount from BofA, but my account is with Chase.
1. How long will it take for the amount to become available in my Chase account?
2. Will I be able to cash the check at a BofA branch and deposit the cash in my Chase account? | 2011/09/30 | [
"https://money.stackexchange.com/questions/11312",
"https://money.stackexchange.com",
"https://money.stackexchange.com/users/4669/"
] | No regulatory restrictions
Your bank might hold it for an extra amount of time, you can ask them to lift that before you deposit it. | The last time I tried to cash a payroll check (not a personal check), drawn from BoA, at BoA, when I did not hold an account there, they were going to charge me. I would have gotten cash immediately, but I opted not to pay their fee. I don't remember the fee, and it's been about 5 years, so things may have changed.
Your best bet will be to ask Bank of America and Chase, respectively, what their policies are regarding your specific scenario. |
11,312 | Are there any restrictions on cashing a high-value personal check (say just less than $100,000) from a bank where I don't hold an account.
My friend will give me a check for the amount from BofA, but my account is with Chase.
1. How long will it take for the amount to become available in my Chase account?
2. Will I be able to cash the check at a BofA branch and deposit the cash in my Chase account? | 2011/09/30 | [
"https://money.stackexchange.com/questions/11312",
"https://money.stackexchange.com",
"https://money.stackexchange.com/users/4669/"
] | What happened in my case.
1. I deposited the amount in my Chase account, and it was available for me the next morning. I did tell the teller that it was kind of urgent and she told me that it will be available after clearing at midnight.
2. I was not able to cash the check at BofA, as they said the branches will not have that kind of cash with them and my only option was to clear the check. | No regulatory restrictions
Your bank might hold it for an extra amount of time, you can ask them to lift that before you deposit it. |
11,312 | Are there any restrictions on cashing a high-value personal check (say just less than $100,000) from a bank where I don't hold an account.
My friend will give me a check for the amount from BofA, but my account is with Chase.
1. How long will it take for the amount to become available in my Chase account?
2. Will I be able to cash the check at a BofA branch and deposit the cash in my Chase account? | 2011/09/30 | [
"https://money.stackexchange.com/questions/11312",
"https://money.stackexchange.com",
"https://money.stackexchange.com/users/4669/"
] | No regulatory restrictions
Your bank might hold it for an extra amount of time, you can ask them to lift that before you deposit it. | While there is not a regulatory restriction, the bank can choose not to cash the check (its a private entity remember).
In general, I would not accept a personal check of that size for several reasons
1) Any amount of $10,000 MUST be reported to the government so they can investigate potential fraud claims.
2) Most banks will place a hold on the check until they've actually received the money from the originating bank, which usually takes 5-7 days.
Wire transfer will provide you (near) immediate access to the money.
Personal checks are not very secure, otherwise [Catch Me If You Can](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catch_Me_If_You_Can) wouldn't be a movie. Hence you're likely to be much happier using a different transfer mode. |
11,312 | Are there any restrictions on cashing a high-value personal check (say just less than $100,000) from a bank where I don't hold an account.
My friend will give me a check for the amount from BofA, but my account is with Chase.
1. How long will it take for the amount to become available in my Chase account?
2. Will I be able to cash the check at a BofA branch and deposit the cash in my Chase account? | 2011/09/30 | [
"https://money.stackexchange.com/questions/11312",
"https://money.stackexchange.com",
"https://money.stackexchange.com/users/4669/"
] | What happened in my case.
1. I deposited the amount in my Chase account, and it was available for me the next morning. I did tell the teller that it was kind of urgent and she told me that it will be available after clearing at midnight.
2. I was not able to cash the check at BofA, as they said the branches will not have that kind of cash with them and my only option was to clear the check. | The last time I tried to cash a payroll check (not a personal check), drawn from BoA, at BoA, when I did not hold an account there, they were going to charge me. I would have gotten cash immediately, but I opted not to pay their fee. I don't remember the fee, and it's been about 5 years, so things may have changed.
Your best bet will be to ask Bank of America and Chase, respectively, what their policies are regarding your specific scenario. |
11,312 | Are there any restrictions on cashing a high-value personal check (say just less than $100,000) from a bank where I don't hold an account.
My friend will give me a check for the amount from BofA, but my account is with Chase.
1. How long will it take for the amount to become available in my Chase account?
2. Will I be able to cash the check at a BofA branch and deposit the cash in my Chase account? | 2011/09/30 | [
"https://money.stackexchange.com/questions/11312",
"https://money.stackexchange.com",
"https://money.stackexchange.com/users/4669/"
] | What happened in my case.
1. I deposited the amount in my Chase account, and it was available for me the next morning. I did tell the teller that it was kind of urgent and she told me that it will be available after clearing at midnight.
2. I was not able to cash the check at BofA, as they said the branches will not have that kind of cash with them and my only option was to clear the check. | While there is not a regulatory restriction, the bank can choose not to cash the check (its a private entity remember).
In general, I would not accept a personal check of that size for several reasons
1) Any amount of $10,000 MUST be reported to the government so they can investigate potential fraud claims.
2) Most banks will place a hold on the check until they've actually received the money from the originating bank, which usually takes 5-7 days.
Wire transfer will provide you (near) immediate access to the money.
Personal checks are not very secure, otherwise [Catch Me If You Can](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catch_Me_If_You_Can) wouldn't be a movie. Hence you're likely to be much happier using a different transfer mode. |
129,298 | Recently, I got hired as a pharmacy technician at a mom and pop shop in my hometown. I'm fresh out of school and don't have a lot of experience in a pharmacy. I like my new job because its a steady pace work environment and very laid back. I've made a few mistakes since I've started working but nothing extreme, but the people I work with seem like they get frustrated when I do something wrong. Like yesterday I got back from lunch and there was five big boxes on the ground and one of the employees said put the prices on the medication and the first box I did already had prices on the label and I got the second box and it didn't but I put the labels on it and didn't put the price on it and put them up I was just confused but then the employee came over and told me to put the prices on it and acted kind of annoyed at me. I also feel like an outcast no one tries to talk to me there and of I say something everyone ignores me. I feel like the employees also talk about me and they act like I'm an idiot. What should I do? | 2019/02/16 | [
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/questions/129298",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com",
"https://workplace.stackexchange.com/users/99888/"
] | Everyone makes mistakes; even people who are great at their job do. Try to not take it so hard; that serves no purpose and only stresses you out (which makes it more likely you will make mistakes).
What you do need to do is learn from your mistakes and apologize when you make them. As far as your coworkers and their attitude, if you do the above, it will almost certainly work out in fairly short time. | Be open and friendly and try to do the best that you can.
The other employee is likely annoyed at you because they feel that they gave you a simple instruction and you didn't follow it. This could be your fault due to some misunderstanding or it might be their fault due to insufficiently clear instructions (both of these things are ok and not a big deal). Unfortunately, some people tend not to see their own flaws and will blame you for their own mistakes or overly criticize you for trivial errors because they don't necessarily recognise/remember their own trivial errors.
This isn't fair but you can't change that. The best you can do is remember that people are flawed and that they will behave better to you on average if you are friendly and helpful.
Likewise, making friends often requires a bit of effort on both sides. New work places can be intimidating which will make it seem harder to make the first move. Ideally your colleagues should realise this and go out of their way to speak to you. Unfortunately, this requires a bit of effort for them to a) realise and b) go over to speak to you. Hence, people might not do this because they are busy, tired, shy or just flat out lazy. This means that you might have to approach them, even if it is intimidating. |
1,727,266 | I'm new to C++ and am wondering how much time I should invest in learning how to implement template classes. Are they widely used in industry, or is this something I should move through quickly? | 2009/11/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1727266",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/210204/"
] | You cant go far without mastering templates in C++ if your writing code on windows. ATL, STL and various other windows libraries heavily use templates.
Side note\*. If your using visual studio , you might want to learn the quirks which are used in visual studio to support templates. For example , many windows libraries often declare their entire contents in header files to work around linker bugs. Its annoying, but this limitation often is a stumbling block for newbie's learning C++ using visual studio. | I'd say understanding templates is a requirement for modern C++ style and idioms and getting the most out of the language. They aren't as difficult as one is often made to believe. If you are a beginner I'd absolutely recommend a book like [Accelerated C++](http://www.buschnick.net/Book_Reviews/About.shtml#Accelerated%20C++) which offers a very gentle and natural introduction to templates. |
1,727,266 | I'm new to C++ and am wondering how much time I should invest in learning how to implement template classes. Are they widely used in industry, or is this something I should move through quickly? | 2009/11/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1727266",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/210204/"
] | Of course they are used in the industry. Just look at the Standard Template Library (STL)!
You definitely should know how to work with templates, and better, learn how to do some fancy things with them like template metaprogramming, ok, that may be optional, but template classes are not!
**EDIT:** Even more, a lot of other languages like Java and C# support the concept of generics, that being the equivalent to templates in c++, but generics are far more restrictive. | I'd say understanding templates is a requirement for modern C++ style and idioms and getting the most out of the language. They aren't as difficult as one is often made to believe. If you are a beginner I'd absolutely recommend a book like [Accelerated C++](http://www.buschnick.net/Book_Reviews/About.shtml#Accelerated%20C++) which offers a very gentle and natural introduction to templates. |
1,727,266 | I'm new to C++ and am wondering how much time I should invest in learning how to implement template classes. Are they widely used in industry, or is this something I should move through quickly? | 2009/11/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1727266",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/210204/"
] | You'll need them sooner or later ;) But for a beginner they are a bit tricky to write (but easy to use, so use STL intensively). And after mastering other c++ skills (const-correctness, operators overloading, learning about compilation units etc) and gaining some experience you will start coding templates for yourself. So my advice: use them but learn how to write them when you'll find you need them. It will be much quicker and effective learning if you gain some experience with standard c++ constructs first. | Of course they are used in the industry. Just look at the Standard Template Library (STL)!
You definitely should know how to work with templates, and better, learn how to do some fancy things with them like template metaprogramming, ok, that may be optional, but template classes are not!
**EDIT:** Even more, a lot of other languages like Java and C# support the concept of generics, that being the equivalent to templates in c++, but generics are far more restrictive. |
1,727,266 | I'm new to C++ and am wondering how much time I should invest in learning how to implement template classes. Are they widely used in industry, or is this something I should move through quickly? | 2009/11/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1727266",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/210204/"
] | At my employer, the **main** thing we use that's in C++ and not in C is indeed generics, AKA "templates". Inheritance &c are nice (but with pluses and minuses), but templates are *absolutely crucial* -- **the** main, cost-less advantage of C++ over plain C. Master them, you **won't** be wasting time!-) | No, don't spend to much time on learning how to **implement** them. The other answers correctly explain that you certainly should learn how to *use* them. That makes sense; many libraries provide class templates and you should be learn to use those libraries. But writing your own templates is much rarer. |
1,727,266 | I'm new to C++ and am wondering how much time I should invest in learning how to implement template classes. Are they widely used in industry, or is this something I should move through quickly? | 2009/11/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1727266",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/210204/"
] | Of course they are used in the industry. Just look at the Standard Template Library (STL)!
You definitely should know how to work with templates, and better, learn how to do some fancy things with them like template metaprogramming, ok, that may be optional, but template classes are not!
**EDIT:** Even more, a lot of other languages like Java and C# support the concept of generics, that being the equivalent to templates in c++, but generics are far more restrictive. | No, don't spend to much time on learning how to **implement** them. The other answers correctly explain that you certainly should learn how to *use* them. That makes sense; many libraries provide class templates and you should be learn to use those libraries. But writing your own templates is much rarer. |
1,727,266 | I'm new to C++ and am wondering how much time I should invest in learning how to implement template classes. Are they widely used in industry, or is this something I should move through quickly? | 2009/11/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1727266",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/210204/"
] | In addition to what the others said, they can be incredibly useful in your own code, and you definitely will come across it while reading others', so there is no harm in learning it. | No, don't spend to much time on learning how to **implement** them. The other answers correctly explain that you certainly should learn how to *use* them. That makes sense; many libraries provide class templates and you should be learn to use those libraries. But writing your own templates is much rarer. |
1,727,266 | I'm new to C++ and am wondering how much time I should invest in learning how to implement template classes. Are they widely used in industry, or is this something I should move through quickly? | 2009/11/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1727266",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/210204/"
] | You'll need them sooner or later ;) But for a beginner they are a bit tricky to write (but easy to use, so use STL intensively). And after mastering other c++ skills (const-correctness, operators overloading, learning about compilation units etc) and gaining some experience you will start coding templates for yourself. So my advice: use them but learn how to write them when you'll find you need them. It will be much quicker and effective learning if you gain some experience with standard c++ constructs first. | I'd say understanding templates is a requirement for modern C++ style and idioms and getting the most out of the language. They aren't as difficult as one is often made to believe. If you are a beginner I'd absolutely recommend a book like [Accelerated C++](http://www.buschnick.net/Book_Reviews/About.shtml#Accelerated%20C++) which offers a very gentle and natural introduction to templates. |
1,727,266 | I'm new to C++ and am wondering how much time I should invest in learning how to implement template classes. Are they widely used in industry, or is this something I should move through quickly? | 2009/11/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1727266",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/210204/"
] | You'll need them sooner or later ;) But for a beginner they are a bit tricky to write (but easy to use, so use STL intensively). And after mastering other c++ skills (const-correctness, operators overloading, learning about compilation units etc) and gaining some experience you will start coding templates for yourself. So my advice: use them but learn how to write them when you'll find you need them. It will be much quicker and effective learning if you gain some experience with standard c++ constructs first. | No, don't spend to much time on learning how to **implement** them. The other answers correctly explain that you certainly should learn how to *use* them. That makes sense; many libraries provide class templates and you should be learn to use those libraries. But writing your own templates is much rarer. |
1,727,266 | I'm new to C++ and am wondering how much time I should invest in learning how to implement template classes. Are they widely used in industry, or is this something I should move through quickly? | 2009/11/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1727266",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/210204/"
] | At my employer, the **main** thing we use that's in C++ and not in C is indeed generics, AKA "templates". Inheritance &c are nice (but with pluses and minuses), but templates are *absolutely crucial* -- **the** main, cost-less advantage of C++ over plain C. Master them, you **won't** be wasting time!-) | As others have noted, Templates are a very important part of the C++ language. In fact, they're a turing-complete language themselves ;)
However, not only does the STL make heavy use of templates (ever used std::vector or std::pair?), lots of other libraries do, too... the most notable is probably boost. I hope that gives you an impression on how important they are.
What you should definitely learn is how to use them in the context of classes and functions. When you mastered that, you can move on to more advanced topics like template specialization or template-template parameters.
And if you still haven't got enough of templates, you can check out
"C++ Templates: The Complete Guide" by Nicolai M. Josuttis and
"Modern C++ Design" by Andrei Alexandrescu. Even though the latter is really a hard piece to understand.
For a start, this resource <http://www.parashift.com/c++-faq-lite/templates.html> might be helpful, too :)
Please also note that Generics aren't "Templates in C#/Java" or vice versa... they follow a different concept. |
1,727,266 | I'm new to C++ and am wondering how much time I should invest in learning how to implement template classes. Are they widely used in industry, or is this something I should move through quickly? | 2009/11/13 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/1727266",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/210204/"
] | You'll need them sooner or later ;) But for a beginner they are a bit tricky to write (but easy to use, so use STL intensively). And after mastering other c++ skills (const-correctness, operators overloading, learning about compilation units etc) and gaining some experience you will start coding templates for yourself. So my advice: use them but learn how to write them when you'll find you need them. It will be much quicker and effective learning if you gain some experience with standard c++ constructs first. | As others have noted, Templates are a very important part of the C++ language. In fact, they're a turing-complete language themselves ;)
However, not only does the STL make heavy use of templates (ever used std::vector or std::pair?), lots of other libraries do, too... the most notable is probably boost. I hope that gives you an impression on how important they are.
What you should definitely learn is how to use them in the context of classes and functions. When you mastered that, you can move on to more advanced topics like template specialization or template-template parameters.
And if you still haven't got enough of templates, you can check out
"C++ Templates: The Complete Guide" by Nicolai M. Josuttis and
"Modern C++ Design" by Andrei Alexandrescu. Even though the latter is really a hard piece to understand.
For a start, this resource <http://www.parashift.com/c++-faq-lite/templates.html> might be helpful, too :)
Please also note that Generics aren't "Templates in C#/Java" or vice versa... they follow a different concept. |
64,230,272 | I have a hard requirement to use a single ELB Classic (CLB) load balancer. Can a single ELB Classic (CLB) distribute traffic between two different Auto Scaling Groups, both running the same application code with no special path based routing needed from an ALB (Application Load Balancer).
For example, in a high availability (HA) cluster set-up with KOPS, how does KOPS make it possible to use a single ELB Classic load balancer (as an entry point to the API server) to serve traffic to two different Auto Scaling Groups in different Availability Zones (AZs) each with their own master instances?
Thanks in advance. | 2020/10/06 | [
"https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/64230272",
"https://Stackoverflow.com",
"https://Stackoverflow.com/users/5781926/"
] | A single classis ELB cannot have multiple ASGs associated with it, but the newer Application Load Balancer can do this. | It turns out that it is possible to associate more than one Autoscaling Group (all with the same application code in it's instances) with the same ELB Classic (CLB). It's just not a common use-case which is why people don't think it can be done. |
19,716 | Hi All,
I recently got feedback from a client that they prefer an in-person approach for sound design, preferring to be in the room as the sounds are created. This is something I understand from a composition perspective, improvising on a keyboard to hone in on what they're looking for. It seems more difficult for sound design though.
Any tips on processes that work where the client can be more present? | 2013/07/08 | [
"https://sound.stackexchange.com/questions/19716",
"https://sound.stackexchange.com",
"https://sound.stackexchange.com/users/362/"
] | Oh man, bad move on the sound recordists part and even worse move from the producer to use those sections! Obviously not your fault at all so I'd say explain the situation to the director/producer and let them decide what they want to do | What Joseph said. I think your best option would be to suggest playing the scene with music and no other sound, or maybe sound really low so only the loudest things pop through and it makes sense you can't hear the talking. Your next option would be to lip read or get someone who can lip read and have another actor overdub the lines.
I was in a similar situation once where the director and producer originally planned for a scene to be all music and shot it MOS and then later decided they wanted sound. Actor not available, hard to figure out what they said, hard to match other actors voice with the way the original actor looked etc. Same sitch. Great examples of why no one should never ever shoot MOS. |
19,716 | Hi All,
I recently got feedback from a client that they prefer an in-person approach for sound design, preferring to be in the room as the sounds are created. This is something I understand from a composition perspective, improvising on a keyboard to hone in on what they're looking for. It seems more difficult for sound design though.
Any tips on processes that work where the client can be more present? | 2013/07/08 | [
"https://sound.stackexchange.com/questions/19716",
"https://sound.stackexchange.com",
"https://sound.stackexchange.com/users/362/"
] | Oh man, bad move on the sound recordists part and even worse move from the producer to use those sections! Obviously not your fault at all so I'd say explain the situation to the director/producer and let them decide what they want to do | Just thought I'd add the outcome: I've ended up plugging the gap with some snippets of the actors ad-libbing from other takes. Works fairly well, time-wise, and you'd only notice the lip-sync issues if you were really looking. It is only about a second long though so doesn't look too bad. Best that could be done in these circumstances with the timeframe I have!
Thanks for the suggestions guys. |
19,716 | Hi All,
I recently got feedback from a client that they prefer an in-person approach for sound design, preferring to be in the room as the sounds are created. This is something I understand from a composition perspective, improvising on a keyboard to hone in on what they're looking for. It seems more difficult for sound design though.
Any tips on processes that work where the client can be more present? | 2013/07/08 | [
"https://sound.stackexchange.com/questions/19716",
"https://sound.stackexchange.com",
"https://sound.stackexchange.com/users/362/"
] | What Joseph said. I think your best option would be to suggest playing the scene with music and no other sound, or maybe sound really low so only the loudest things pop through and it makes sense you can't hear the talking. Your next option would be to lip read or get someone who can lip read and have another actor overdub the lines.
I was in a similar situation once where the director and producer originally planned for a scene to be all music and shot it MOS and then later decided they wanted sound. Actor not available, hard to figure out what they said, hard to match other actors voice with the way the original actor looked etc. Same sitch. Great examples of why no one should never ever shoot MOS. | Just thought I'd add the outcome: I've ended up plugging the gap with some snippets of the actors ad-libbing from other takes. Works fairly well, time-wise, and you'd only notice the lip-sync issues if you were really looking. It is only about a second long though so doesn't look too bad. Best that could be done in these circumstances with the timeframe I have!
Thanks for the suggestions guys. |
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