source stringlengths 31 207 | text stringlengths 12 1.5k |
|---|---|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leech%20lattice | In mathematics, the Leech lattice is an even unimodular lattice Λ24 in 24-dimensional Euclidean space, which is one of the best models for the kissing number problem. It was discovered by . It may also have been discovered (but not published) by Ernst Witt in 1940.
Characterization
The Leech lattice Λ24 is the unique... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index%20of%20optics%20articles | Optics is the branch of physics which involves the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it. Optics usually describes the behavior of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light. Because light is an electromagnetic wave, other forms ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial%20charge | In atomic physics, a partial charge (or net atomic charge) is a non-integer charge value when measured in elementary charge units. It is represented by the Greek lowercase delta (𝛿), namely 𝛿− or 𝛿+.
Partial charges are created due to the asymmetric distribution of electrons in chemical bonds. For example, in a pol... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary%20Golay%20code | In mathematics and electronics engineering, a binary Golay code is a type of linear error-correcting code used in digital communications. The binary Golay code, along with the ternary Golay code, has a particularly deep and interesting connection to the theory of finite sporadic groups in mathematics. These codes are n... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemosynthesis | In biochemistry, chemosynthesis is the biological conversion of one or more carbon-containing molecules (usually carbon dioxide or methane) and nutrients into organic matter using the oxidation of inorganic compounds (e.g., hydrogen gas, hydrogen sulfide) or ferrous ions as a source of energy, rather than sunlight, as ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intuitionistic%20type%20theory | Intuitionistic type theory (also known as constructive type theory, or Martin-Löf type theory) is a type theory and an alternative foundation of mathematics.
Intuitionistic type theory was created by Per Martin-Löf, a Swedish mathematician and philosopher, who first published it in 1972. There are multiple versions of... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ein | Ein or EIN may refer to:
Science and technology
Ein function, in mathematics
Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia, a lesion of the uterine lining
Equivalent input noise, of a microphone
European Informatics Network, a 1970s computer network
Fictional characters
Ein, a character in the anime series Cowboy Bebop... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Dot%20and%20the%20Line | The Dot and the Line: A Romance in Lower Mathematics is a 1965 animated short film directed by Chuck Jones and co-directed by Maurice Noble, based on the 1963 book of the same name written and illustrated by Norton Juster, who also provided the film's script. The film was narrated by Robert Morley and produced by Metro... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisson%20algebra | In mathematics, a Poisson algebra is an associative algebra together with a Lie bracket that also satisfies Leibniz's law; that is, the bracket is also a derivation. Poisson algebras appear naturally in Hamiltonian mechanics, and are also central in the study of quantum groups. Manifolds with a Poisson algebra structu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sallie%20Baliunas | Sallie Louise Baliunas (born February 23, 1953) is a retired astrophysicist. She formerly worked at the Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian and was the Deputy Director of the Mount Wilson Observatory from 1991 to 2003.
Early life and education
Baliunas was born and grew up in New York City and its suburbs. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group%20extension | In mathematics, a group extension is a general means of describing a group in terms of a particular normal subgroup and quotient group. If and are two groups, then is an extension of by if there is a short exact sequence
If is an extension of by , then is a group, is a normal subgroup of and the quotient gr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three%20prime%20untranslated%20region | In molecular genetics, the three prime untranslated region (3′-UTR) is the section of messenger RNA (mRNA) that immediately follows the translation termination codon. The 3′-UTR often contains regulatory regions that post-transcriptionally influence gene expression.
During gene expression, an mRNA molecule is transcri... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SECIS%20element | In biology, the SECIS element (SECIS: selenocysteine insertion sequence) is an RNA element around 60 nucleotides in length that adopts a stem-loop structure. This structural motif (pattern of nucleotides) directs the cell to translate UGA codons as selenocysteines (UGA is normally a stop codon). SECIS elements are thus... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenoprotein | In molecular biology a selenoprotein is any protein that includes a selenocysteine (Sec, U, Se-Cys) amino acid residue. Among functionally characterized selenoproteins are five glutathione peroxidases (GPX) and three thioredoxin reductases, (TrxR/TXNRD) which both contain only one Sec. Selenoprotein P is the most commo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discontinuity | Discontinuity may refer to:
Discontinuity (casting), an interruption in the normal physical structure or configuration of an article
Discontinuity (geotechnical engineering), a plane or surface marking a change in physical or chemical properties in a soil or rock mass
Discontinuity (mathematics), a property of a mathem... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annihilation | In particle physics, annihilation is the process that occurs when a subatomic particle collides with its respective antiparticle to produce other particles, such as an electron colliding with a positron to produce two photons. The total energy and momentum of the initial pair are conserved in the process and distribute... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple%20buffering | In computer science, multiple buffering is the use of more than one buffer to hold a block of data, so that a "reader" will see a complete (though perhaps old) version of the data, rather than a partially updated version of the data being created by a "writer". It is very commonly used for computer display images. It i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic%20quantum%20field%20theory | Algebraic quantum field theory (AQFT) is an application to local quantum physics of C*-algebra theory. Also referred to as the Haag–Kastler axiomatic framework for quantum field theory, because it was introduced by . The axioms are stated in terms of an algebra given for every open set in Minkowski space, and mappings ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reusability | In computer science and software engineering, reusability is the use of existing assets in some form within the software product development process; these assets are products and by-products of the software development life cycle and include code, software components, test suites, designs and documentation. The opposi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axiom%20of%20countability | In mathematics, an axiom of countability is a property of certain mathematical objects that asserts the existence of a countable set with certain properties. Without such an axiom, such a set might not provably exist.
Important examples
Important countability axioms for topological spaces include:
sequential space: a ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3-compact%20space | In mathematics, a topological space is said to be σ-compact if it is the union of countably many compact subspaces.
A space is said to be σ-locally compact if it is both σ-compact and (weakly) locally compact. That terminology can be somewhat confusing as it does not fit the usual pattern of σ-(property) meaning a co... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color%20science | Color science is the scientific study of color including lighting and optics; measurement of light and color; the physiology, psychophysics, and modeling of color vision; and color reproduction.
Organizations
International Commission on Illumination (CIE)
Illuminating Engineering Society (IES)
Inter-Society Color... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptual%20graph | A conceptual graph (CG) is a formalism for knowledge representation. In the first published paper on CGs, John F. Sowa used them to represent the conceptual schemas used in database systems. The first book on CGs applied them to a wide range of topics in artificial intelligence, computer science, and cognitive scienc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkeley%20Open%20Infrastructure%20for%20Network%20Computing | The Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC, pronounced – rhymes with "oink") is an open-source middleware system for volunteer computing (a type of distributed computing). Developed originally to support SETI@home, it became the platform for many other applications in areas as diverse as medicine, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20number%20theory%20topics | This is a list of number theory topics. See also:
List of recreational number theory topics
Topics in cryptography
Divisibility
Composite number
Highly composite number
Even and odd numbers
Parity
Divisor, aliquot part
Greatest common divisor
Least common multiple
Euclidean algorithm
Coprime
Euclid's lemma
Bézout's ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimension%20theorem%20for%20vector%20spaces | In mathematics, the dimension theorem for vector spaces states that all bases of a vector space have equally many elements. This number of elements may be finite or infinite (in the latter case, it is a cardinal number), and defines the dimension of the vector space.
Formally, the dimension theorem for vector spaces s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navvy | Navvy, a clipping of navigator (UK) or navigational engineer (US), is particularly applied to describe the manual labourers working on major civil engineering projects and occasionally (in North America) to refer to mechanical shovels and earth moving machinery. The term was coined in the late 18th century in Great Bri... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatic%20and%20environmental%20engineering | Aquatic and environmental engineering; an engineering topic, used sometimes as a synonym for Civil engineering by some universities in Sweden, since the word 'civil engineer' often refers to an engineering degree.
Engineering disciplines
Aquatic engineering is where the engineer studies that of oceanography, and aqua... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imino%20acid | In organic chemistry, an imino acid is any molecule that contains both imine (>C=NH) and carboxyl (-C(=O)-OH) functional groups.
Imino acids are structurally related to amino acids, which have amino group instead of imine—a difference of single vs double-bond between nitrogen and carbon. The simplest example is dehyd... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critique%20of%20Pure%20Reason | The Critique of Pure Reason (; 1781; second edition 1787) is a book by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant, in which the author seeks to determine the limits and scope of metaphysics. Also referred to as Kant's "First Critique", it was followed by his Critique of Practical Reason (1788) and Critique of Judgment (1790)... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila%20Scott%20Macintyre | Sheila Scott Macintyre FRSE (23 April 1910 – 21 March 1960) was a Scottish mathematician best known for her work on the Whittaker constant. Macintyre is also known for co-authoring a German-English mathematics dictionary with Edith Witte.
Education
Sheila Scott was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on 23 April 1910, the d... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxing%20%28computer%20science%29 | In computer science, boxing (a.k.a. wrapping) is the transformation of placing a primitive type within an object so that the value can be used as a reference. Unboxing is the reverse transformation of extracting the primitive value from its wrapper object. Autoboxing is the term for automatically applying boxing and/or... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20algebraic%20topology%20topics | This is a list of algebraic topology topics.
Homology (mathematics)
Simplex
Simplicial complex
Polytope
Triangulation
Barycentric subdivision
Simplicial approximation theorem
Abstract simplicial complex
Simplicial set
Simplicial category
Chain (algebraic topology)
Betti number
Euler characteristic
Genus
Riemann–Hurwi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lap-Chee%20Tsui | Lap-Chee Tsui (; born 21 December 1950) is a Chinese-born Canadian geneticist and served as the 14th Vice-Chancellor and President of the University of Hong Kong.
Personal life
He grew up in Kowloon, Hong Kong and attended .
He studied Biology at the New Asia College of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and was aw... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arg%20max | In mathematics, the arguments of the maxima (abbreviated arg max or argmax) are the points, or elements, of the domain of some function at which the function values are maximized. In contrast to global maxima, which refers to the largest outputs of a function, arg max refers to the inputs, or arguments, at which the fu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virasoro%20algebra | In mathematics, the Virasoro algebra (named after the physicist Miguel Ángel Virasoro) is a complex Lie algebra and the unique central extension of the Witt algebra. It is widely used in two-dimensional conformal field theory and in string theory.
Definition
The Virasoro algebra is spanned by generators for and the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1901%20in%20science | The year 1901 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Biology
Okapi, a relative of the Giraffe found in the rainforests around the Congo River in north east Zaire, is discovered (previously known only to local natives).
Publication of Robert Ridgway's The Birds of North and Middle A... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1902%20in%20science | The year 1902 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Aeronautics
May 15 – Lyman Gilmore claims to have flown his steam-powered fixed-wing aircraft, although his proof is supposedly destroyed in a 1935 fire.
Chemistry
Hermann Emil Fischer and Joseph von Mering discover that barbito... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double%20cover | In mathematics, a double cover or double covering may refer to:
Double cover (topology), a two-to-one mapping from one topological space to another. Frequently occurring special cases include
The orientable double cover of a non-orientable manifold
The bipartite double cover of an undirected graph G, formed by the grap... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1827%20in%20science | The year 1827 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Chemistry
Aluminium isolated by Friedrich Wöhler.
William Prout classifies the components of food into the three main divisions of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
Zeise's salt is the first platinum/olefin complex, an early exa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1944%20in%20science | The year 1944 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Astronomy
Hendrik van de Hulst predicts the 21 cm hyperfine line of neutral interstellar hydrogen.
Biology
February 1 – Oswald T. Avery and colleagues publish the Avery–MacLeod–McCarty experiment showing that a DNA molecule can ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1894%20in%20science | The year 1894 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Astronomy
March 21 (23:00 GMT) – Syzygy: Mercury transits the Sun as seen from Venus, and Mercury and Venus both simultaneously transit the Sun as seen from Saturn.
Biology
Patrick Manson develops the thesis that malaria is spre... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1808%20in%20science | The year 1808 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Astronomy
December 9 (20:34 UTC) – Mercury occults Saturn (not known at this time).
Chemistry
Barium, calcium, magnesium, and strontium isolated by Humphry Davy.
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac formulates the law of combining volumes f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1807%20in%20science | The year 1807 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Astronomy
March 29 – H. W. Olbers discovers the asteroid which Carl Friedrich Gauss names Vesta.
Chemistry
Potassium and sodium are isolated by Sir Humphry Davy.
The use of fulminate in firearms is patented by Scottish clergyma... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald%20N.%20Bracewell | Ronald Newbold Bracewell AO (22 July 1921 – 12 August 2007) was the Lewis M. Terman Professor of Electrical Engineering of the Space, Telecommunications, and Radioscience Laboratory at Stanford University.
Education
Bracewell was born in Sydney, in 1921, and educated at Sydney Boys High School. He graduated from the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1905%20in%20science | The year 1905 in science and technology involved some significant events, particularly in physics, listed below.
Astronomy
January 2 – Charles Dillon Perrine at Lick Observatory discovers Elara, one of the moons of Jupiter. On January 6, the observatory announces its discovery in the previous month of the Jovian moon... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1938%20in%20science | The year 1938 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Astronomy
June 28 – A 450-ton meteorite strikes the Earth in an empty field near Chicora, Pennsylvania, United States.
Biology
December 22 – Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer discovers a Coelacanth, formerly seen only in fossils million... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1921%20in%20science | The year 1921 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Astronomy and space science
Commencement of Gas Dynamics Laboratory the first Soviet research and development laboratory to focus on rocket technology.
Cartography
Winkel tripel projection proposed.
Chemistry
Étienne Biéler an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20geometric%20topology%20topics | This is a list of geometric topology topics.
Low-dimensional topology
Knot theory
Knot (mathematics)
Link (knot theory)
Wild knots
Examples of knots
Unknot
Trefoil knot
Figure-eight knot (mathematics)
Borromean rings
Types of knots
Torus knot
Prime knot
Alternating knot
Hyperbolic link
Knot invariants
Crossing numbe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lippmann%20plate | Gabriel Lippmann conceived a two-step method to record and reproduce colours, variously known as direct photochromes, interference photochromes, Lippmann photochromes, Photography in natural colours by direct exposure in the camera or the Lippmann process of colour photography. Lippmann won the Nobel Prize in Physics f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morse%20theory | In mathematics, specifically in differential topology, Morse theory enables one to analyze the topology of a manifold by studying differentiable functions on that manifold. According to the basic insights of Marston Morse, a typical differentiable function on a manifold will reflect the topology quite directly. Morse t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20order%20theory%20topics | Order theory is a branch of mathematics that studies various kinds of objects (often binary relations) that capture the intuitive notion of ordering, providing a framework for saying when one thing is "less than" or "precedes" another.
An alphabetical list of many notions of order theory can be found in the order theo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandelbrot | Mandelbrot may refer to:
Benoit Mandelbrot (1924–2010), a mathematician associated with fractal geometry
Mandelbrot set, a fractal popularized by Benoit Mandelbrot
Mandelbrot Competition, a mathematics competition
Mandelbrot (cookie), dessert associated with Eastern European Jews
Szolem Mandelbrojt, a Polish-Frenc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michio%20Kaku | Michio Kaku (, ; born January 24, 1947) is an American theoretical physicist, activist, futurologist, and popular-science writer. He is a professor of theoretical physics in the City College of New York and CUNY Graduate Center. Kaku is the author of several books about physics and related topics and has made frequent ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torsion-free | In mathematics, torsion-free may refer to:
Abstract algebra
Torsion-free group, a group whose only element of finite order is the identity
Torsion-free module, module over an integral domain where zero is the only torsion element
Torsion-free abelian group, an abelian group which is a torsion-free group
Torsion-... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crawler | Crawler may refer to:
Web crawler, a computer program that gathers and categorizes information on the World Wide Web
A first-instar nymph of a scale insect that has legs and walks around before it attaches itself and becomes stationary
Crawler (BEAM) in robotics
A type of crane on tracks
"Crawlers" (Into the Dar... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hodology | Hodology is the study of pathways. The word derives from the Greek hodos, meaning "path". It is used in various contexts:
In neuroscience, it is the study of the interconnections of brain cells, now frequently called connectomics
In psychology, it is a term introduced by Kurt Lewin (1890–1947) to describe paths in a p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projective%20representation | In the field of representation theory in mathematics, a projective representation of a group G on a vector space V over a field F is a group homomorphism from G to the projective linear group
where GL(V) is the general linear group of invertible linear transformations of V over F, and F∗ is the normal subgroup consist... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue%20%28material%29 | In materials science, fatigue is the initiation and propagation of cracks in a material due to cyclic loading. Once a fatigue crack has initiated, it grows a small amount with each loading cycle, typically producing striations on some parts of the fracture surface. The crack will continue to grow until it reaches a cri... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eli%20Biham | Eli Biham () is an Israeli cryptographer and cryptanalyst who is a professor at the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Computer Science department. From 2008 to 2013, Biham was the dean of the Technion Computer Science department, after serving for two years as chief of CS graduate school.
Biham invented (public... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antichain | In mathematics, in the area of order theory, an antichain is a subset of a partially ordered set such that any two distinct elements in the subset are incomparable.
The size of the largest antichain in a partially ordered set is known as its width. By Dilworth's theorem, this also equals the minimum number of chains (... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linearly%20ordered%20group | In mathematics, specifically abstract algebra, a linearly ordered or totally ordered group is a group G equipped with a total order "≤" that is translation-invariant. This may have different meanings. We say that (G, ≤) is a:
left-ordered group if ≤ is left-invariant, that is a ≤ b implies ca ≤ cb for all a, b, c in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guido%20Fubini | Guido Fubini (19 January 1879 – 6 June 1943) was an Italian mathematician, known for Fubini's theorem and the Fubini–Study metric.
Life
Born in Venice, he was steered towards mathematics at an early age by his teachers and his father, who was himself a teacher of mathematics. In 1896 he entered the Scuola Normale Sup... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1906%20in%20science | The year 1906 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Chemistry
Charles Barkla discovers that each element has a characteristic X-ray and that the degree of penetration of these X-rays is related to the atomic weight of the element.
Mikhail Tsvet first names the chromatography techn... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1907%20in%20science | The year 1907 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Mathematics
Paul Koebe conjectures the result of the Koebe quarter theorem.
Physics
The Ehrenfest model of diffusion is proposed by Tatiana and Paul Ehrenfest to explain the second law of thermodynamics.
Albert Einstein introdu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fotini%20Markopoulou-Kalamara | Fotini G. Markopoulou-Kalamara (; born April 3, 1971) is a Greek theoretical physicist interested in quantum gravity, foundational mathematics, quantum mechanics and a design engineer working on embodied cognition technologies. Markopoulou is co-founder and CEO of Empathic Technologies. She was a founding faculty memb... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1836%20in%20science | The year 1836 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Astronomy
May 15 – Francis Baily, during an eclipse of the Sun, observes the phenomenon named after him as Baily's beads.
Biology
October 2 – Naturalist Charles Darwin returns to Falmouth, England, aboard after a 5-year journey... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integral%20geometry | In mathematics, integral geometry is the theory of measures on a geometrical space invariant under the symmetry group of that space. In more recent times, the meaning has been broadened to include a view of invariant (or equivariant) transformations from the space of functions on one geometrical space to the space of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electro-osmosis | In chemistry, electro-osmotic flow (EOF, hyphen optional; synonymous with electro-osmosis or electro-endosmosis) is the motion of liquid induced by an applied potential across a porous material, capillary tube, membrane, microchannel, or any other fluid conduit. Because electro-osmotic velocities are independent of co... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baryon%20number | In particle physics, the baryon number is a strictly conserved additive quantum number of a system. It is defined as
where is the number of quarks, and is the number of antiquarks. Baryons (three quarks) have a baryon number of +1, mesons (one quark, one antiquark) have a baryon number of 0, and antibaryons (three a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformation | Conformation generally means structural arrangement and may refer to:
Conformational isomerism, a form of stereoisomerism in chemistry
Carbohydrate conformation
Cyclohexane conformation
Protein conformation
Conformation activity relationship between the biological activity and the conformation or conformational ch... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20in%20science | The year 1909 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Astronomy
August 20 – Dwarf planet Pluto is photographed for the first time, at the Yerkes Observatory in Williams Bay, Wisconsin, U.S., 21 years before being identified.
Comet Halley first becomes visible on a photographic plate... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIP | MIP may refer to:
Science
Mixed integer programming, linear programming where some variables are constrained to be integers
Minimum Ionizing Particle, in particle physics
Maximum intensity projection, a computer visualization method
Molecularly imprinted polymer, polymers processed using the molecular imprinting ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farey%20sequence | In mathematics, the Farey sequence of order n is the sequence of completely reduced fractions, either between 0 and 1, or without this restriction, which when in lowest terms have denominators less than or equal to n, arranged in order of increasing size.
With the restricted definition, each Farey sequence starts with... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feynman%20%28disambiguation%29 | Richard Feynman (1918–1988) was a physicist.
Feynman may also refer to:
7495 Feynman, asteroid
Foresight Institute Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology
Other people with the surname
Joan Feynman (1927–2020), astrophysicist, sister of Richard
Yoann Feynman (born 1990), French musician
See also
Feynmanium
Feinman, a ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline%20of%20combinatorics | Combinatorics is a branch of mathematics concerning the study of finite or countable discrete structures.
Essence of combinatorics
Matroid
Greedoid
Ramsey theory
Van der Waerden's theorem
Hales–Jewett theorem
Umbral calculus, binomial type polynomial sequences
Combinatorial species
Branches of combinatorics ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDO | PDO can refer to:
Chemistry
1,3-Propanediol, an industrial chemical
Palladium(II) oxide (PdO)
Polydioxanone, a synthetic polymer
Computing
PHP Data Objects, a PHP extension that can be used as a database abstraction layer
Portable Distributed Objects, a version of Cocoa's Distributed Objects for remote use
Proc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1686%20in%20science | The year 1686 in science and technology involved some significant events.
Astronomy
Gottfried Kirch notices that Chi Cygni's brightness varies.
Biology
John Ray begins publication of his Historia Plantarum, including the first biological definition of the term species; also his edition of Francis Willughby's Histor... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logicism | In the philosophy of mathematics, logicism is a programme comprising one or more of the theses that — for some coherent meaning of 'logic' — mathematics is an extension of logic, some or all of mathematics is reducible to logic, or some or all of mathematics may be modelled in logic. Bertrand Russell and Alfred North W... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20dynamical%20systems%20and%20differential%20equations%20topics | This is a list of dynamical system and differential equation topics, by Wikipedia page. See also list of partial differential equation topics, list of equations.
Dynamical systems, in general
Deterministic system (mathematics)
Linear system
Partial differential equation
Dynamical systems and chaos theory
Chaos theory... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laplace%20transform%20applied%20to%20differential%20equations | In mathematics, the Laplace transform is a powerful integral transform used to switch a function from the time domain to the s-domain. The Laplace transform can be used in some cases to solve linear differential equations with given initial conditions.
First consider the following property of the Laplace transform:
O... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niklas%20Zennstr%C3%B6m | Niklas Zennström (; born 16 February 1966) is a Swedish entrepreneur and technology investor. Zennström is also the co-founder of the charity organization Zennström Philanthropies.
Education
Zennström has dual degrees in Business Administration (BSc) and Engineering Physics (MSc) from Uppsala University. He spent his ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcano%20observatory | A volcano observatory is an institution that conducts research and monitoring of a volcano.
Each observatory provides continuous and periodic monitoring of the seismicity, other geophysical changes, ground movements, volcanic gas chemistry, and hydrologic conditions and activity between and during eruptions. They also... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1870%20in%20science | The year 1870 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Biology
January 18 – Gerhardt Krefft first describes the Queensland lungfish, in The Sydney Morning Herald.
Charles Valentine Riley confirms Phylloxera as the cause of the Great French Wine Blight.
Chemistry
Norman Lockyer and ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1951%20in%20science | The year 1951 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Biology
Nesting pairs of the Bermuda petrel, thought to have been extinct for more than 300 years, are found.
Niko Tinbergen publishes The Study of Instinct.
Chemistry
May 28 – Oliver H. Lowry submits his Lowry protein assay pr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasyntax | In logic and computer science, a metasyntax describes the allowable structure and composition of phrases and sentences of a metalanguage, which is used to describe either a natural language or a computer programming language. Some of the widely used formal metalanguages for computer languages are Backus–Naur form (BNF)... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20abstract%20algebra%20topics | Abstract algebra is the subject area of mathematics that studies algebraic structures, such as groups, rings, fields, modules, vector spaces, and algebras. The phrase abstract algebra was coined at the turn of the 20th century to distinguish this area from what was normally referred to as algebra, the study of the rule... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tincture | A tincture is typically an extract of plant or animal material dissolved in ethanol (ethyl alcohol). Solvent concentrations of 25–60% are common, but may run as high as 90%. In chemistry, a tincture is a solution that has ethanol as its solvent. In herbal medicine, alcoholic tinctures are made with various ethanol conc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantor%20space | In mathematics, a Cantor space, named for Georg Cantor, is a topological abstraction of the classical Cantor set: a topological space is a Cantor space if it is homeomorphic to the Cantor set. In set theory, the topological space 2ω is called "the" Cantor space.
Examples
The Cantor set itself is a Cantor space. But... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1917%20in%20science | The year 1917 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Biology
D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson's On Growth and Form is published.
Mathematics
Paul Ehrenfest gives a conditional principle for a three-dimensional space.
Medicine
Shinobu Ishihara publishes his color perception test.
Juliu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charged%20particle | In physics, a charged particle is a particle with an electric charge. It may be an ion, such as a molecule or atom with a surplus or deficit of electrons relative to protons. It can also be an electron or a proton, or another elementary particle, which are all believed to have the same charge (except antimatter). Anoth... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Cockcroft | Sir John Douglas Cockcroft (27 May 1897 – 18 September 1967) was a British physicist who shared with Ernest Walton the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1951 for splitting the atomic nucleus, and was instrumental in the development of nuclear power.
After service on the Western Front with the Royal Field Artillery during th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feistel%20cipher | In cryptography, a Feistel cipher (also known as Luby–Rackoff block cipher) is a symmetric structure used in the construction of block ciphers, named after the German-born physicist and cryptographer Horst Feistel, who did pioneering research while working for IBM; it is also commonly known as a Feistel network. A larg... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germ%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, the notion of a germ of an object in/on a topological space is an equivalence class of that object and others of the same kind that captures their shared local properties. In particular, the objects in question are mostly functions (or maps) and subsets. In specific implementations of this idea, the fun... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phylogenesis | Phylogenesis (from Greek φῦλον phylon "tribe" + γένεσις genesis "origin") is the biological process by which a taxon (of any rank) appears. The science that studies these processes is called phylogenetics.
These terms may be confused with the term phylogenetics, the application of molecular - analytical methods (i.e. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attitude | Attitude may refer to:
Philosophy and psychology
Attitude (psychology), an individual's predisposed state of mind regarding a value
Propositional attitude, a relational mental state connecting a person to a proposition
Mathematics and engineering
Orientation (geometry), also called attitude, an attribute of objec... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin%E2%80%93statistics%20theorem | In quantum mechanics, the spin–statistics theorem relates the intrinsic spin of a particle (angular momentum not due to the orbital motion) to the particle statistics it obeys. In units of the reduced Planck constant ħ, all particles that move in 3 dimensions have either integer spin or half-integer spin.
Background
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-process | In nuclear astrophysics, the rapid neutron-capture process, also known as the r-process, is a set of nuclear reactions that is responsible for the creation of approximately half of the atomic nuclei heavier than iron, the "heavy elements", with the other half produced by the p-process and s-process. The r-process usual... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-process | The slow neutron-capture process, or s-process, is a series of reactions in nuclear astrophysics that occur in stars, particularly asymptotic giant branch stars. The s-process is responsible for the creation (nucleosynthesis) of approximately half the atomic nuclei heavier than iron.
In the s-process, a seed nucleus u... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1779%20in%20science | The year 1779 in science and technology involved some significant events.
Astronomy
March 23 – Edward Pigott discovers the Black Eye Galaxy (M64).
May 5 – The spiral galaxy M61 is discovered in the constellation Virgo by Barnabus Oriani.
Exploration
Horace-Bénédict de Saussure begins publication of Voyages dans le... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.