source stringlengths 31 207 | text stringlengths 12 1.5k |
|---|---|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20general%20topology%20topics | This is a list of general topology topics.
Basic concepts
Topological space
Topological property
Open set, closed set
Clopen set
Closure (topology)
Boundary (topology)
Dense (topology)
G-delta set, F-sigma set
closeness (mathematics)
neighbourhood (mathematics)
Continuity (topology)
Homeomorphism
Local homeomorphism
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline%20of%20linear%20algebra | <noinclude>This is an outline of topics related to linear algebra, the branch of mathematics concerning linear equations and linear maps and their representations in vector spaces and through matrices.
Linear equations
Linear equation
System of linear equations
Determinant
Minor
Cauchy–Binet formula
Cramer's rule
Gaus... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relevant | Relevant is something directly related, connected or pertinent to a topic; it may also mean something that is current.
Relevant may also refer to:
Relevant operator, a concept in physics, see renormalization group
Relevant, Ain, a commune of the Ain département in France
Relevant Magazine, a bimonthly Christian m... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian%20Greene | Brian Randolph Greene (born February 9, 1962) is an American theoretical physicist and mathematician. Greene was a physics professor at Cornell University from 19901995, and has been a professor at Columbia University since 1996 and chairman of the World Science Festival since co-founding it in 2008. Greene has work... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DBLP | DBLP is a computer science bibliography website. Starting in 1993 at Universität Trier in Germany, it grew from a small collection of HTML files and became an organization hosting a database and logic programming bibliography site. Since November 2018, DBLP is a branch of Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry%20Boehm | Barry William Boehm (May 16, 1935 – August 20, 2022) was an American software engineer, distinguished professor of computer science, industrial and systems engineering; the TRW Professor of Software Engineering; and founding director of the Center for Systems and Software Engineering at the University of Southern Calif... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline%20of%20category%20theory | The following outline is provided as an overview of and guide to category theory, the area of study in mathematics that examines in an abstract way the properties of particular mathematical concepts, by formalising them as collections of objects and arrows (also called morphisms, although this term also has a specific,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institution%20of%20Civil%20Engineers | The Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) is an independent professional association for civil engineers and a charitable body in the United Kingdom. Based in London, ICE has over 92,000 members, of whom three-quarters are located in the UK, while the rest are located in more than 150 other countries. The ICE aims to su... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis%20Hutcheson%20%28songwriter%29 | Francis Hutcheson (13 August 1721 – 5 September 1784) was an Irish violinist, composer, physician and lecturer in chemistry. His surname was often misspelled as "Hutchinson". He published his music under the pseudonym "Francis Ireland".
Early life
Francis Hutcheson was born in Dublin. His parents were the philosopher ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin%20Calvin | Melvin Ellis Calvin (April 8, 1911 – January 8, 1997) was an American biochemist known for discovering the Calvin cycle along with Andrew Benson and James Bassham, for which he was awarded the 1961 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He spent most of his five-decade career at the University of California, Berkeley.
Early life a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affine%20representation | In mathematics, an affine representation of a topological Lie group G on an affine space A is a continuous (smooth) group homomorphism from G to the automorphism group of A, the affine group Aff(A). Similarly, an affine representation of a Lie algebra g on A is a Lie algebra homomorphism from g to the Lie algebra aff(A... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspension%20%28chemistry%29 | In chemistry, a suspension is a heterogeneous mixture of a fluid that contains solid particles sufficiently large for sedimentation. The particles may be visible to the naked eye, usually must be larger than one micrometer, and will eventually settle, although the mixture is only classified as a suspension when and whi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert%20J.%20Ruffo | Albert J. Ruffo (July 1, 1908 – February 10, 2003) was an American politician, philanthropist, educator, lawyer, and football coach.
Ruffo grew up in Tacoma, Washington. In 1927 he moved to San Jose, California to attend nearby Santa Clara University, where he played football, and graduated with degrees in political s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20B.%20Conant | James Bryant Conant (March 26, 1893 – February 11, 1978) was an American chemist, a transformative President of Harvard University, and the first U.S. Ambassador to West Germany. Conant obtained a Ph.D. in chemistry from Harvard in 1916. During World War I, he served in the U.S. Army, where he worked on the development... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiver%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, especially representation theory, a quiver is another name for a multidigraph; that is, a directed graph where loops and multiple arrows between two vertices are allowed. Quivers are commonly used in representation theory: a representation of a quiver assigns a vector space to each vertex of the quiv... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monad%20%28category%20theory%29 | In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a monad (also triple, triad, standard construction and fundamental construction) is a monoid in the category of endofunctors of some fixed category. An endofunctor is a functor mapping a category to itself, and a monad is an endofunctor together with two natural transformati... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur%20Porges | Arthur Porges (; 20 August 1915 – 12 May 2006) was an American writer of numerous short stories, most notably during the 1950s and 1960s, though he continued to write and publish stories until his death.
Life
Porges was born in Chicago, Illinois, on 20 August 1915. After completing his B.A. and master's degrees in ma... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline%20of%20discrete%20mathematics | Discrete mathematics is the study of mathematical structures that are fundamentally discrete rather than continuous. In contrast to real numbers that have the property of varying "smoothly", the objects studied in discrete mathematics – such as integers, graphs, and statements in logic – do not vary smoothly in this ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epoxide | In organic chemistry, an epoxide is a cyclic ether, where the ether forms a three-atom ring: two atoms of carbon and one atom of oxygen. This triangular structure has substantial ring strain, making epoxides highly reactive, more so than other ethers. They are produced on a large scale for many applications. In gene... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Administratium | Administratium is a well-known in-joke in scientific circles and is a parody both on the bureaucracy of scientific establishments and on descriptions of newly discovered chemical elements.
In 1991, Thomas Kyle (the supposed discoverer of this element) was awarded an Ig Nobel Prize for physics, making him one of only ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederic%20Vester | Frederic Vester (November 23, 1925 – November 2, 2003) was a German biochemist, and an expert in the field of ecology.
Biography
Vester was born in Saarbrücken, and studied chemistry at the universities of Mainz, Paris and Hamburg. From 1955 to 1957, he was postdoctoral fellow at Yale University and Cambridge. From 1... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annulus%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, an annulus (: annuli or annuluses) is the region between two concentric circles. Informally, it is shaped like a ring or a hardware washer. The word "annulus" is borrowed from the Latin word anulus or annulus meaning 'little ring'. The adjectival form is annular (as in annular eclipse).
The open annulu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muller%27s%20ratchet | In evolutionary genetics, Muller's ratchet (named after Hermann Joseph Muller, by analogy with a ratchet effect) is a process which, in the absence of recombination (especially in an asexual population), results in an accumulation of irreversible deleterious mutations. This happens because in the absence of recombinati... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spindle | Spindle may refer to:
Textiles and manufacturing
Spindle (textiles), a straight spike to spin fibers into yarn
Spindle (tool), a rotating axis of a machine tool
Biology
Common spindle and other species of shrubs and trees in genus Euonymus whose hard wood was used to make spindles
Spindle apparatus or mitotic spi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submersion%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, a submersion is a differentiable map between differentiable manifolds whose differential is everywhere surjective. This is a basic concept in differential topology. The notion of a submersion is dual to the notion of an immersion.
Definition
Let M and N be differentiable manifolds and be a differenti... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lookup%20table | In computer science, a lookup table (LUT) is an array that replaces runtime computation with a simpler array indexing operation, in a process termed as direct addressing. The savings in processing time can be significant, because retrieving a value from memory is often faster than carrying out an "expensive" computatio... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasha | Yasha may refer to:
People with the name
Gu Yasha (born 1990), Chinese footballer
Nidhi Yasha (born 1983), Indian costume designer
Yasha Asley (born 2003), British mathematics child prodigy
Yasha Khalili (born 1988), Iranian footballer
Yasha Levine (born 1981), Russian-American investigative journalist and author... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision%20mathematics | Decision mathematics may refer to:
Discrete mathematics
Decision theory, identifying the values, uncertainties and other issues relevant in a decision |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1919%20in%20science | The year 1919 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Astronomy
The International Astronomical Union is established in Paris.
Chemistry
June 1 – The term covalence in relation to chemical bonding is first used by Irving Langmuir.
F. W. Aston discovers multiple stable isotopes for ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondo%20effect | In physics, the Kondo effect describes the scattering of conduction electrons in a metal due to magnetic impurities, resulting in a characteristic change i.e. a minimum in electrical resistivity with temperature.
The cause of the effect was first explained by Jun Kondo, who applied third-order perturbation theory to th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%B6bner%20basis | In mathematics, and more specifically in computer algebra, computational algebraic geometry, and computational commutative algebra, a Gröbner basis is a particular kind of generating set of an ideal in a polynomial ring over a field . A Gröbner basis allows many important properties of the ideal and the associated alg... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correctness%20%28computer%20science%29 | In theoretical computer science, an algorithm is correct with respect to a specification if it behaves as specified. Best explored is functional correctness, which refers to the input-output behavior of the algorithm (i.e., for each input it produces an output satisfying the specification).
Within the latter notion, p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauchy%E2%80%93Binet%20formula | In mathematics, specifically linear algebra, the Cauchy–Binet formula, named after Augustin-Louis Cauchy and Jacques Philippe Marie Binet, is an identity for the determinant of the product of two rectangular matrices of transpose shapes (so that the product is well-defined and square). It generalizes the statement that... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dickson%27s%20lemma | In mathematics, Dickson's lemma states that every set of -tuples of natural numbers has finitely many minimal elements. This simple fact from combinatorics has become attributed to the American algebraist L. E. Dickson, who used it to prove a result in number theory about perfect numbers. However, the lemma was certain... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CHM | CHM may refer to:
Biology and medicine
CHM, abbreviation for Clearing House Mechanism under the Convention on Biological Diversity
CHM, a human gene that encodes Rab escort protein 1
Choroideremia, a retinal disease caused by mutations in the CHM gene
ChM, advanced qualification in surgery, (Magister Chirurgiae). ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monomial | In mathematics, a monomial is, roughly speaking, a polynomial which has only one term. Two definitions of a monomial may be encountered:
A monomial, also called power product, is a product of powers of variables with nonnegative integer exponents, or, in other words, a product of variables, possibly with repetitions. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal%20Astronomical%20Society | The Royal Astronomical Society (RAS) is a learned society and charity that encourages and promotes the study of astronomy, solar-system science, geophysics and closely related branches of science. Its headquarters are in Burlington House, on Piccadilly in London. The society has over 4,000 members, known as fellows. Mo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenesis | Epigenesis may refer to:
Epigenesis (biology), describes morphogenesis and development of an organism
By analogy, a philosophical and theological concept, part of the concept of spiritual evolution
Epigenesis (geology), mineral changes in rocks after formation.
The Epigenesis, a 2010 album by Melechesh
Epigenesis... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mating | In biology, mating is the pairing of either opposite-sex or hermaphroditic organisms for the purposes of sexual reproduction. Fertilization is the fusion of two gametes. Copulation is the union of the sex organs of two sexually reproducing animals for insemination and subsequent internal fertilization. Mating may also... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloch%27s%20theorem | In condensed matter physics, Bloch's theorem states that solutions to the Schrödinger equation in a periodic potential can be expressed as plane waves modulated by periodic functions. The theorem is named after the physicist Felix Bloch, who discovered the theorem in 1929. Mathematically, they are written
where is po... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof%20by%20infinite%20descent | In mathematics, a proof by infinite descent, also known as Fermat's method of descent, is a particular kind of proof by contradiction used to show that a statement cannot possibly hold for any number, by showing that if the statement were to hold for a number, then the same would be true for a smaller number, leading t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayley%20graph | In mathematics, a Cayley graph, also known as a Cayley color graph, Cayley diagram, group diagram, or color group, is a graph that encodes the abstract structure of a group. Its definition is suggested by Cayley's theorem (named after Arthur Cayley), and uses a specified set of generators for the group. It is a central... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed%20form | Closed form may refer to:
Mathematics
Closed-form expression, a finitary expression
Closed differential form, a differential form whose exterior derivative is the zero form , meaning .
Poetry
In poetry analysis, a type of poetry that exhibits regular structure, such as meter or a rhyming pattern
Trobar clus, an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute%20of%20Physics | The Institute of Physics (IOP) is a UK-based learned society and professional body that works to advance physics education, research and application.
It was founded in 1874 and has a worldwide membership of over 20,000. The IOP is the Physical Society for the UK and Ireland and supports physics in education, research ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walther%20Bothe | Walther Wilhelm Georg Bothe (; 8 January 1891 – 8 February 1957) was a German nuclear physicist, who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1954 with Max Born.
In 1913, he joined the newly created Laboratory for Radioactivity at the Reich Physical and Technical Institute (PTR), where he remained until 1930, the latter f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random%20graph | In mathematics, random graph is the general term to refer to probability distributions over graphs. Random graphs may be described simply by a probability distribution, or by a random process which generates them. The theory of random graphs lies at the intersection between graph theory and probability theory. From a ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Method%20of%20complements | In mathematics and computing, the method of complements is a technique to encode a symmetric range of positive and negative integers in a way that they can use the same algorithm (or mechanism) for addition throughout the whole range. For a given number of places half of the possible representations of numbers encode t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTT | PTT may refer to:
Chemistry and medicine
Partial thromboplastin time, a performance indicator in medicine for coagulation status
Photothermal Therapy, a medical treatment
2β-propanoyl-3β-(4-tolyl)-tropane, a cocaine analogue
Polytrimethylene terephthalate, polyester
Pulse Transit Time, a measure of arterial blood... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical%20kinetics | Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with understanding the rates of chemical reactions. It is different from chemical thermodynamics, which deals with the direction in which a reaction occurs but in itself tells nothing about its rate. Chemical kinet... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serre%20duality | In algebraic geometry, a branch of mathematics, Serre duality is a duality for the coherent sheaf cohomology of algebraic varieties, proved by Jean-Pierre Serre. The basic version applies to vector bundles on a smooth projective variety, but Alexander Grothendieck found wide generalizations, for example to singular var... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FGM%20%28disambiguation%29 | FGM stands for female genital mutilation, the removal of some or all of the external female genitalia for non-medical reasons.
FGM may also refer to:
Fisher's geometric model, an evolutionary model
Flamelet generated manifold, a chemistry reduction technique
Flux-gate magnetometer, a measuring instrument
Function... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20R.%20Ehrlich | Paul Ralph Ehrlich (born May 29, 1932) is an American biologist known for his predictions and warnings about the consequences of population growth, including famine and resource depletion. Ehrlich is the Bing Professor Emeritus of Population Studies of the Department of Biology of Stanford University, and President of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20mathematical%20examples | This page will attempt to list examples in mathematics. To qualify for inclusion, an article should be about a mathematical object with a fair amount of concreteness. Usually a definition of an abstract concept, a theorem, or a proof would not be an "example" as the term should be understood here (an elegant proof of... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surreal | Surreal may refer to:
Anything related to or characteristic of Surrealism, a movement in philosophy and art
"Surreal" (song), a 2000 song by Ayumi Hamasaki
Surreal (album), an album by Man Raze
Surreal humour, a common aspect of humor
Surreal numbers, a superset of the real numbers in mathematics
Surreal Software, an ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicoherent%20space | In mathematics, a unicoherent space is a topological space that is connected and in which the following property holds:
For any closed, connected with , the intersection is connected.
For example, any closed interval on the real line is unicoherent, but a circle is not.
If a unicoherent space is more strongly he... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular%20representation | In mathematics, and in particular the theory of group representations, the regular representation of a group G is the linear representation afforded by the group action of G on itself by translation.
One distinguishes the left regular representation λ given by left translation and the right regular representation ρ gi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Question%20answering | Question answering (QA) is a computer science discipline within the fields of information retrieval and natural language processing (NLP) that is concerned with building systems that automatically answer questions that are posed by humans in a natural language.
Overview
A question-answering implementation, usually a c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free%20product | In mathematics, specifically group theory, the free product is an operation that takes two groups G and H and constructs a new The result contains both G and H as subgroups, is generated by the elements of these subgroups, and is the “universal” group having these properties, in the sense that any two homomorphisms f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructive%20proof | In mathematics, a constructive proof is a method of proof that demonstrates the existence of a mathematical object by creating or providing a method for creating the object. This is in contrast to a non-constructive proof (also known as an existence proof or pure existence theorem), which proves the existence of a part... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markham | Markham may refer to:
Biology
Markham's storm-petrel (Oceanodroma markhami), a seabird species found in Chile and Colombia
Markham's grass mouse (Abrothrix olivaceus markhami), a rodent subspecies found on Wellington Island and the nearby Southern Patagonian Ice Field in southern Chile
Ulmus americana 'Markham', an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function%20of%20several%20complex%20variables | The theory of functions of several complex variables is the branch of mathematics dealing with functions defined on the complex coordinate space , that is, -tuples of complex numbers. The name of the field dealing with the properties of these functions is called several complex variables (and analytic space), which the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unary | Unary may refer to:
Unary numeral system, the simplest numeral system to represent natural numbers
Unary function, a function that takes one argument; in computer science, a unary operator is a subset of unary function
Unary operation, a kind of mathematical operator that has only one operand
Unary relation, a mathemat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bivalent | Bivalent may refer to:
Bivalent (chemistry), a molecule formed from two or more atoms bound together
Bivalent ligand, a ligand of two drug-like molecules
Bivalent (genetics), a pair of homologous chromosomes
Bivalent vaccine, a vaccine directed at two pathogens or two strains of a pathogen
Bivalent (engine), an engin... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah%20Flannery | Sarah Flannery (born 1982, County Cork, Ireland) was, at sixteen years old, the winner of the 1999 Esat Young Scientist Exhibition for her development of the Cayley–Purser algorithm, based on work she had done with researchers at Baltimore Technologies during a brief internship there. The project, entitled "Cryptograph... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Gernon | Thomas Gernon (born 1983, County Louth, Ireland) is an academic who won the Millennium Young Scientist and Technology Exhibition (Ireland) for his work on the numerical modeling of urbanization trends in Europe. His project The Geography and Mathematics of Europe’s Urban Centres was also awarded the prestigious Alumni ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe | Pe may refer to:
Physical education
Language, and letters
Pe language
Pe (Cyrillic), a letter (П) in the Cyrillic alphabet
Pe (Semitic), a letter (פ ,ف, etc.) in several Semitic alphabets
Pe (Persian), a letter (پ) in the Arabic alphabet
Pe (Armenian), a letter (Պ պ) in the Armenian alphabet
Mathematics, scienc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coercivity | Coercivity, also called the magnetic coercivity, coercive field or coercive force, is a measure of the ability of a ferromagnetic material to withstand an external magnetic field without becoming demagnetized. Coercivity is usually measured in oersted or ampere/meter units and is denoted .
An analogous property in ele... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20S.%20Albus | James Sacra Albus (May 4, 1935 – April 17, 2011) was an American engineer, Senior NIST Fellow and founder and former chief of the Intelligent Systems Division of the Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
Biography
Born in Louisville, Kentucky, Albus received... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amalgamation | Amalgamation is the process of combining or uniting multiple entities into one form.
Amalgamation, amalgam, and other derivatives may refer to:
Mathematics and science
Amalgam (chemistry), the combination of mercury with another metal
Pan amalgamation, another extraction method with additional compound
Patio process... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical%20polarity | In chemistry, polarity is a separation of electric charge leading to a molecule or its chemical groups having an electric dipole moment, with a negatively charged end and a positively charged end.
Polar molecules must contain one or more polar bonds due to a difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms. Mo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-inspired%20computing | Bio-inspired computing, short for biologically inspired computing, is a field of study which seeks to solve computer science problems using models of biology. It relates to connectionism, social behavior, and emergence. Within computer science, bio-inspired computing relates to artificial intelligence and machine learn... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weil%20restriction | In mathematics, restriction of scalars (also known as "Weil restriction") is a functor which, for any finite extension of fields L/k and any algebraic variety X over L, produces another variety ResL/kX, defined over k. It is useful for reducing questions about varieties over large fields to questions about more complic... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized%20hypergeometric%20function | In mathematics, a generalized hypergeometric series is a power series in which the ratio of successive coefficients indexed by n is a rational function of n. The series, if convergent, defines a generalized hypergeometric function, which may then be defined over a wider domain of the argument by analytic continuation... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward%20Grey%20Institute%20of%20Field%20Ornithology | The Edward Grey Institute of Field Ornithology (EGI), at Oxford University in England, is an academic body that conducts research in ornithology and the general field of evolutionary ecology and conservation biology, with an emphasis on understanding organisms in natural environments. It is named in honour of Edward Gr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational%20function | In mathematics, a rational function is any function that can be defined by a rational fraction, which is an algebraic fraction such that both the numerator and the denominator are polynomials. The coefficients of the polynomials need not be rational numbers; they may be taken in any field K. In this case, one speaks of... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line%20bundle | In mathematics, a line bundle expresses the concept of a line that varies from point to point of a space. For example, a curve in the plane having a tangent line at each point determines a varying line: the tangent bundle is a way of organising these. More formally, in algebraic topology and differential topology, a li... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descent%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, the idea of descent extends the intuitive idea of 'gluing' in topology. Since the topologists' glue is the use of equivalence relations on topological spaces, the theory starts with some ideas on identification.
Descent of vector bundles
The case of the construction of vector bundles from data on a di... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNV | CNV may refer to:
Chinese New Version, a Chinese language Bible translation
Choroidal neovascularization in ophthalmology
City of North Vancouver in British Columbia, as opposed to its surrounding District of North Vancouver
Christelijk Nationaal Vakverbond in Dutch Trade Unions
Copy number variation in genetics
conti... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moduli%20space | In mathematics, in particular algebraic geometry, a moduli space is a geometric space (usually a scheme or an algebraic stack) whose points represent algebro-geometric objects of some fixed kind, or isomorphism classes of such objects. Such spaces frequently arise as solutions to classification problems: If one can ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obadiah%20ben%20Jacob%20Sforno | Ovadia ben Jacob Sforno (Obadja Sforno, Hebrew: עובדיה ספורנו) was an Italian rabbi, Biblical commentator, philosopher and physician. A member of the Sforno family, he was born in Cesena about 1475 and died in Bologna in 1549.
Biography
After acquiring in his native town a thorough knowledge of Hebrew, rabbinic liter... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrophysics | Astrophysics is a science that employs the methods and principles of physics and chemistry in the study of astronomical objects and phenomena. As one of the founders of the discipline, James Keeler, said, Astrophysics "seeks to ascertain the nature of the heavenly bodies, rather than their positions or motions in spac... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order%20theory | Order theory is a branch of mathematics that investigates the intuitive notion of order using binary relations. It provides a formal framework for describing statements such as "this is less than that" or "this precedes that". This article introduces the field and provides basic definitions. A list of order-theoretic t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idempotent%20%28ring%20theory%29 | In ring theory, a branch of mathematics, an idempotent element or simply idempotent of a ring is an element such that . That is, the element is idempotent under the ring's multiplication. Inductively then, one can also conclude that for any positive integer . For example, an idempotent element of a matrix ring is pre... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/22%20%28number%29 | 22 (twenty-two) is the natural number following 21 and preceding 23.
In mathematics
22 is a palindromic number. It is the second Smith number, the second Erdős–Woods number, and the fourth large Schröder number. It is also a Perrin number, from a sum of 10 and 12.
22 is the sixth distinct semiprime, and the fout... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/24%20%28number%29 | 24 (twenty-four) is the natural number following 23 and preceding 25.
In mathematics
24 is an even composite number, with 2 and 3 as its distinct prime factors. It is the first number of the form 2q, where q is an odd prime. It is the smallest number with at least eight positive divisors: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24;... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/23%20%28number%29 | 23 (twenty-three) is the natural number following 22 and preceding 24.
In mathematics
Twenty-three is the ninth prime number, the smallest odd prime that is not a twin prime. It is, however, a cousin prime with 19, and a sexy prime with 17 and 29; while also being the largest member of the first prime sextuplet (7, 1... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25%20%28number%29 | 25 (twenty-five) is the natural number following 24 and preceding 26.
In mathematics
It is a square number, being 52 = 5 × 5, and hence the third non-unitary square prime of the form p2.
It is one of two two-digit numbers whose square and higher powers of the number also ends in the same last two digits, e.g., 252 =... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/26%20%28number%29 | 26 (twenty-six) is the natural number following 25 and preceding 27.
In mathematics
26 is the seventh discrete semiprime () and the fifth with 2 as the lowest non-unitary factor thus of the form (2.q), where q is a higher prime.
with an aliquot sum of 16, within an aliquot sequence of five composite numbers (26,16... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/29%20%28number%29 | 29 (twenty-nine) is the natural number following 28 and preceding 30.
Mathematics
29 is the tenth prime number, and the fifth primorial prime.
29 forms a twin prime pair with thirty-one, which is also a primorial prime. Twenty-nine is also the sixth Sophie Germain prime.
29 is the sum of three consecutive squares, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/28%20%28number%29 | 28 (twenty-eight) is the natural number following 27 and preceding 29.
In mathematics
It is a composite number; a square-prime, of the form (p2,q) where q is a higher prime. It is the third of this form and of the specific form (22.q), with proper divisors being 1, 2, 4, 7, and 14.
Twenty-eight is the second perfect... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBD | CBD commonly refers to:
Cannabidiol, a drug
Central business district, of a city
CBD may also refer to:
Biology
Ecology
Center for Biological Diversity, United States
Coffee berry disease, a plant fungal infection
Convention on Biological Diversity, a treaty
Medicine
Chronic beryllium disease, of the lungs
C... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separable%20polynomial | In mathematics, a polynomial P(X) over a given field K is separable if its roots are distinct in an algebraic closure of K, that is, the number of distinct roots is equal to the degree of the polynomial.
This concept is closely related to square-free polynomial. If K is a perfect field then the two concepts coincide. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zygmunt%20Janiszewski | Zygmunt Janiszewski (12 July 1888 – 3 January 1920) was a Polish mathematician.
Early life and education
He was born to mother Julia Szulc-Chojnicka and father, Czeslaw Janiszewski who was a graduate of the University of Warsaw and served as the director of the Société du Crédit Municipal in Warsaw.
Janiszewski left... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludolph%20van%20Ceulen | Ludolph van Ceulen (, ; 28 January 1540 – 31 December 1610) was a German-Dutch mathematician from Hildesheim. He emigrated to the Netherlands.
Biography
Van Ceulen moved to Delft most likely in 1576 to teach fencing and mathematics and in 1594 opened a fencing school in Leiden. In 1600 he was appointed the first profe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw%20Saks | Stanisław Saks (30 December 1897 – 23 November 1942) was a Polish mathematician and university tutor, a member of the Lwów School of Mathematics, known primarily for his membership in the Scottish Café circle, an extensive monograph on the theory of integrals, his works on measure theory and the Vitali–Hahn–Saks theore... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish%20Caf%C3%A9 | The Scottish Café () was a café in Lwów, Poland (now Lviv, Ukraine) where, in the 1930s and 1940s, mathematicians from the Lwów School of Mathematics collaboratively discussed research problems, particularly in functional analysis and topology.
Stanisław Ulam recounts that the tables of the café had marble tops, so t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw%20Orlicz | Władysław Roman Orlicz (May 24, 1903 – August 9, 1990) was a Polish mathematician of Lwów School of Mathematics. His main interests were functional analysis and topology: Orlicz spaces are named after him.
Education and career
Orlicz was the third of Franciszek and Maria Orlicz's five children. His youngest brother d... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny%20Ball | Johnny Ball (born Graham Thalben Ball; 23 May 1938) is an English television personality and a populariser of mathematics. He is also the father of BBC Radio 2 DJ Zoe Ball.
Early life
Ball was born in Bristol and attended Kingswood Primary School on the eastern edge of the city. Later in his childhood the family moved... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallelogram%20law | In mathematics, the simplest form of the parallelogram law (also called the parallelogram identity) belongs to elementary geometry. It states that the sum of the squares of the lengths of the four sides of a parallelogram equals the sum of the squares of the lengths of the two diagonals. We use these notations for the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleeping%20barber%20problem | In computer science, the sleeping barber problem is a classic inter-process communication and synchronization problem that illustrates the complexities that arise when there are multiple operating system processes.
The problem was originally proposed in 1965 by computer science pioneer Edsger Dijkstra, who used it to ... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.