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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random%20field | In physics and mathematics, a random field is a random function over an arbitrary domain (usually a multi-dimensional space such as ). That is, it is a function that takes on a random value at each point (or some other domain). It is also sometimes thought of as a synonym for a stochastic process with some restriction... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category%20of%20preordered%20sets | In mathematics, the category Ord has preordered sets as objects and order-preserving functions as morphisms. This is a category because the composition of two order-preserving functions is order preserving and the identity map is order preserving.
The monomorphisms in Ord are the injective order-preserving functions.
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Howard%20Northrop | John Howard Northrop (July 5, 1891 – May 27, 1987) was an American biochemist who, with James Batcheller Sumner and Wendell Meredith Stanley, won the 1946 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The award was given for these scientists' isolation, crystallization, and study of enzymes, proteins, and viruses. Northrop was a Professo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mako | Mako may refer to:
Biology
Mako shark, the genus Isurus, consisting of two living and several fossil species:
Shortfin mako shark, Isurus oxyrinchus, the more common mako
Longfin mako shark, Isurus paucus, the rarer mako
Aristotelia serrata, a New Zealand tree also known as mako or makomako
Places
Makó District... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSR | JSR may refer to:
Computing
Jump to subroutine, an assembly language instruction
Java Specification Request, documents describing proposed additions to the Java platform
Research, science & technology
Joint spectral radius, in mathematics
Jonathan's Space Report, an online newsletter
Journal of Sedimentary Resea... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Champernowne%20constant | In mathematics, the Champernowne constant is a transcendental real constant whose decimal expansion has important properties. It is named after economist and mathematician D. G. Champernowne, who published it as an undergraduate in 1933.
For base 10, the number is defined by concatenating representations of successi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoneham%20number | In mathematics, the Stoneham numbers are a certain class of real numbers, named after mathematician Richard G. Stoneham (1920–1996). For coprime numbers b, c > 1, the Stoneham number αb,c is defined as
It was shown by Stoneham in 1973 that αb,c is b-normal whenever c is an odd prime and b is a primitive root of c2. In... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubble | Bubble, Bubbles or The Bubble may refer to:
Common uses
Bubble (physics), a globule of one substance in another, usually gas in a liquid
Soap bubble
Economic bubble, a situation where asset prices are much higher than underlying fundamentals
Arts, entertainment and media
Fictional characters
Bubble (The Amazing... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STI | STI may refer to:
In science and technology
Biology and psychology
Sexually transmitted infection
Signal transduction inhibitor, a drug type
Soft tissue injury
Symptom targeted intervention, for treating depression
Electronics and computing
Shallow trench isolation, prevents current leakage inside chips
STI (x... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbiological%20culture | A microbiological culture, or microbial culture, is a method of multiplying microbial organisms by letting them reproduce in predetermined culture medium under controlled laboratory conditions. Microbial cultures are foundational and basic diagnostic methods used as research tools in molecular biology.
The term cultur... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterility | Sterile or sterility may refer to:
Asepsis, a state of being free from biological contaminants
Sterile (archaeology), a sediment deposit which contains no evidence of human activity
Sterilization (microbiology), any process that eliminates or kills all forms of life or removes them from an item or a field
Sterility (p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cohesion%20%28computer%20science%29 | In computer programming, cohesion refers to the degree to which the elements inside a module belong together. In one sense, it is a measure of the strength of relationship between the methods and data of a class and some unifying purpose or concept served by that class. In another sense, it is a measure of the strength... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurochemistry | Neurochemistry is the study of chemicals, including neurotransmitters and other molecules such as psychopharmaceuticals and neuropeptides, that control and influence the physiology of the nervous system. This particular field within neuroscience examines how neurochemicals influence the operation of neurons, synapses, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurochemical | A neurochemical is a small organic molecule or peptide that participates in neural activity. The science of neurochemistry studies the functions of neurochemicals.
Prominent neurochemicals
Neurotransmitters and neuromodulators
Glutamate is the most common neurotransmitter. Most neurons secrete with glutamate or GABA... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borel%20regular%20measure | In mathematics, an outer measure μ on n-dimensional Euclidean space Rn is called a Borel regular measure if the following two conditions hold:
Every Borel set B ⊆ Rn is μ-measurable in the sense of Carathéodory's criterion: for every A ⊆ Rn,
For every set A ⊆ Rn there exists a Borel set B ⊆ Rn such that A ⊆ B and ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artinian%20module | In mathematics, specifically abstract algebra, an Artinian module is a module that satisfies the descending chain condition on its poset of submodules. They are for modules what Artinian rings are for rings, and a ring is Artinian if and only if it is an Artinian module over itself (with left or right multiplication). ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square%20pyramidal%20number | In mathematics, a pyramid number, or square pyramidal number, is a natural number that counts the number of stacked spheres in a pyramid with a square base. The study of these numbers goes back to Archimedes and Fibonacci. They are part of a broader topic of figurate numbers representing the numbers of points forming r... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specialization%20%28pre%29order | In the branch of mathematics known as topology, the specialization (or canonical) preorder is a natural preorder on the set of the points of a topological space. For most spaces that are considered in practice, namely for all those that satisfy the T0 separation axiom, this preorder is even a partial order (called the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroscience%20of%20religion | The neuroscience of religion, also known as neurotheology and as spiritual neuroscience, attempts to explain religious experience and behaviour in neuroscientific terms. It is the study of correlations of neural phenomena with subjective experiences of spirituality and hypotheses to explain these phenomena. This contra... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermus%20aquaticus | Thermus aquaticus is a species of bacteria that can tolerate high temperatures, one of several thermophilic bacteria that belong to the Deinococcota phylum. It is the source of the heat-resistant enzyme Taq DNA polymerase, one of the most important enzymes in molecular biology because of its use in the polymerase chai... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locus%20%28mathematics%29 | In geometry, a locus (plural: loci) (Latin word for "place", "location") is a set of all points (commonly, a line, a line segment, a curve or a surface), whose location satisfies or is determined by one or more specified conditions.
The set of the points that satisfy some property is often called the locus of a point ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eberhard%20Sengpiel | Eberhard Sengpiel (1940 in Berlin – 29 August 2014) was a multiple Grammy award-winning sound engineer. He was also a musician in his own right and a lecturer at the Berlin University of the Arts, (Universität der Künste, Berlin) UdK-Berlin.
Career
Sengpiel studied electrical engineering in Berlin (Germany). As a mus... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat%20morphism | In mathematics, in particular in the theory of schemes in algebraic geometry, a flat morphism f from a scheme X to a scheme Y is a morphism such that the induced map on every stalk is a flat map of rings, i.e.,
is a flat map for all P in X. A map of rings is called flat if it is a homomorphism that makes B a flat A-m... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptologia | Cryptologia is a journal in cryptography published six times per year since January 1977. Its remit is all aspects of cryptography, with a special emphasis on historical aspects of the subject. The founding editors were Brian J. Winkel, David Kahn, Louis Kruh, Cipher A. Deavours and Greg Mellen. The current Editor-in-C... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effector%20%28biology%29 | In biology, an effector is a general term that can refer to several types of molecules or cells depending on the context:
Small molecule effectors
A small molecule that selectively binds to a protein to regulate its biological activity can be called an effector. In this manner, effector molecules act as ligands that... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activator | Activator may refer to:
Activator (genetics), a DNA-binding protein that regulates one or more genes by increasing the rate of transcription
Activator (phosphor), a type of dopant used in phosphors and scintillators
Enzyme activator, a type of effector that increases the rate of enzyme mediated reactions
Sega Activ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhibitor | Inhibitor or inhibition may refer to:
Biology
Enzyme inhibitor, a substance that binds to an enzyme and decreases the enzyme's activity
Reuptake inhibitor, a substance that increases neurotransmission by blocking the reuptake of a neurotransmitter
Lateral inhibition, a neural mechanism that increases contrast betwe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florian%20Cajori | Florian Cajori (February 28, 1859 – August 14 or 15, 1930) was a Swiss-American historian of mathematics.
Biography
Florian Cajori was born in Zillis, Switzerland, as the son of Georg Cajori and Catherine Camenisch. He attended schools first in Zillis and later in Chur. In 1875, Florian Cajori emigrated to the Unite... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman%20Kemp%20Smith | Norman Duncan Kemp Smith, FBA, FRSE (5 May 1872 – 3 September 1958) was a Scottish philosopher who was Professor of Psychology (1906–1914) and Philosophy (1914–1919) at Princeton University and was Professor of Logic and Metaphysics at the University of Edinburgh (1919–1945).
He is noted for his 1929 English translati... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose%206-phosphate | Glucose 6-phosphate (G6P, sometimes called the Robison ester) is a glucose sugar phosphorylated at the hydroxy group on carbon 6. This dianion is very common in cells as the majority of glucose entering a cell will become phosphorylated in this way.
Because of its prominent position in cellular chemistry, glucose 6-ph... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cofactor%20%28biochemistry%29 | A cofactor is a non-protein chemical compound or metallic ion that is required for an enzyme's role as a catalyst (a catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction). Cofactors can be considered "helper molecules" that assist in biochemical transformations. The rates at which these happen are cha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical%20elements%20in%20East%20Asian%20languages | The names for chemical elements in East Asian languages, along with those for some chemical compounds (mostly organic), are among the newest words to enter the local vocabularies. Except for those metals well-known since antiquity, the names of most elements were created after modern chemistry was introduced to East As... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh%20Everett%20III | Hugh Everett III (; November 11, 1930 – July 19, 1982) was an American physicist who, in his 1957 PhD thesis, proposed what is now known as the many-worlds interpretation (MWI) of quantum mechanics.
In danger of losing his draft deferment, Everett took a research job with the Pentagon the year before completing the or... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jocelyn%20Bell%20Burnell | Dame Susan Jocelyn Bell Burnell (; Bell; born 15 July 1943) is an astrophysicist from Northern Ireland who, as a postgraduate student, discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967. The discovery eventually earned the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1974; however, she was not one of the prize's recipients.
Bell Burnell was p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorentz%20covariance | In relativistic physics, Lorentz symmetry or Lorentz invariance, named after the Dutch physicist Hendrik Lorentz, is an equivalence of observation or observational symmetry due to special relativity implying that the laws of physics stay the same for all observers that are moving with respect to one another within an i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenio%20Beltrami | Eugenio Beltrami (16 November 1835 – 18 February 1900) was an Italian mathematician notable for his work concerning differential geometry and mathematical physics. His work was noted especially for clarity of exposition. He was the first to prove consistency of non-Euclidean geometry by modeling it on a surface of cons... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservationist | Conservationist may refer to the following:
A member of the conservation movement
A scientist who works in the field of conservation biology
A practitioner of conservation and restoration of cultural property
The Conservationist, a 1974 novel by Nadine Gordimer |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random-access%20machine | In computer science, random-access machine (RAM) is an abstract machine in the general class of register machines. The RAM is very similar to the counter machine but with the added capability of 'indirect addressing' of its registers. Like the counter machine, The RAM has its instructions in the finite-state portion of... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral%20space | In mathematics, a spectral space is a topological space that is homeomorphic to the spectrum of a commutative ring. It is sometimes also called a coherent space because of the connection to coherent topos.
Definition
Let X be a topological space and let K(X) be the set of all
compact open subsets of X. Then X is sai... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADFGVX%20cipher | In cryptography, the ADFGVX cipher was a manually applied field cipher used by the Imperial German Army during World War I. It was used to transmit messages secretly using wireless telegraphy. ADFGVX was in fact an extension of an earlier cipher called ADFGX which was first used on 1 March 1918 on the German Western Fr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese%20hamster%20ovary%20cell | Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are an epithelial cell line derived from the ovary of the Chinese hamster, often used in biological and medical research and commercially in the production of recombinant therapeutic proteins. They have found wide use in studies of genetics, toxicity screening, nutrition and gene expre... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20H.%20Dennard | Robert Heath Dennard (born September 5, 1932) is an American electrical engineer and inventor.
Biography
Dennard was born in Terrell, Texas, U.S. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Southern Methodist University, Dallas, in 1954 and 1956, respectively. He earned a Ph.D. from Carnegie I... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eadie%E2%80%93Hofstee%20diagram | In biochemistry, an Eadie–Hofstee plot (or Eadie–Hofstee diagram) is a graphical representation of the Michaelis–Menten equation in enzyme kinetics. It has been known by various different names, including Eadie plot, Hofstee plot and Augustinsson plot. Attribution to Woolf is often omitted, because although Haldane and... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health%20physics | Health physics, also referred to as the science of radiation protection, is the profession devoted to protecting people and their environment from potential radiation hazards, while making it possible to enjoy the beneficial uses of radiation. Health physicists normally require a four-year bachelor’s degree and qualify... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20B.%20Sumner | James Batcheller Sumner (November 19, 1887 – August 12, 1955) was an American chemist. He discovered that enzymes can be crystallized, for which he shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1946 with John Howard Northrop and Wendell Meredith Stanley. He was also the first to prove that enzymes are proteins.
Biography
Sum... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impulse%20response | In signal processing and control theory, the impulse response, or impulse response function (IRF), of a dynamic system is its output when presented with a brief input signal, called an impulse (). More generally, an impulse response is the reaction of any dynamic system in response to some external change. In both case... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicategory | In mathematics, a bicategory (or a weak 2-category) is a concept in category theory used to extend the notion of category to handle the cases where the composition of morphisms is not (strictly) associative, but only associative up to an isomorphism. The notion was introduced in 1967 by Jean Bénabou.
Bicategories may ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State%20space%20search | State space search is a process used in the field of computer science, including artificial intelligence (AI), in which successive configurations or states of an instance are considered, with the intention of finding a goal state with the desired property.
Problems are often modelled as a state space, a set of states ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State%20space%20%28computer%20science%29 | In computer science, a state space is a discrete space representing the set of all possible configurations of a "system". It is a useful abstraction for reasoning about the behavior of a given system and is widely used in the fields of artificial intelligence and game theory.
For instance, the toy problem Vacuum World... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-abelian%20gauge%20transformation | In theoretical physics, a non-abelian gauge transformation means a gauge transformation taking values in some group G, the elements of which do not obey the commutative law when they are multiplied. By contrast, the original choice of gauge group in the physics of electromagnetism had been U(1), which is commutative.
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TLR | TLR may refer to:
Biology
Toll-like receptors, proteins of the immune system
Tonic labyrinthine reflex, in newborn humans
Travel
Suzuki TL1000R motorcycle
The IATA airport code for Mefford Field, California, USA
The ICAO airline code for Air Libya, Libya
Other
Twin-lens reflex camera
Tasteful Licks Records
Tony La R... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extrapolation | In mathematics, extrapolation is a type of estimation, beyond the original observation range, of the value of a variable on the basis of its relationship with another variable. It is similar to interpolation, which produces estimates between known observations, but extrapolation is subject to greater uncertainty and a ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixing%20%28physics%29 | In physics, a dynamical system is said to be mixing if the phase space of the system becomes strongly intertwined, according to at least one of several mathematical definitions. For example, a measure-preserving transformation T is said to be strong mixing if
whenever A and B are any measurable sets and μ is the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic%20number%20%28physics%29 | In nuclear physics, a magic number is a number of nucleons (either protons or neutrons, separately) such that they are arranged into complete shells within the atomic nucleus. As a result, atomic nuclei with a 'magic' number of protons or neutrons are much more stable than other nuclei. The seven most widely recognized... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/126%20%28number%29 | 126 (one hundred [and] twenty-six) is the natural number following 125 and preceding 127.
In mathematics
As the binomial coefficient , 126 is a central binomial coefficient, and in Pascal's Triangle, it is a pentatope number. 126 is a sum of two cubes, and since 125 + 1 is σ3(5), 126 is the fifth value of the sum of c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft%20heap | In computer science, a soft heap is a variant on the simple heap data structure that has constant amortized time complexity for 5 types of operations. This is achieved by carefully "corrupting" (increasing) the keys of at most a constant number of values in the heap.
Definition and performance
The constant time operat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paolo%20Ruffini | Paolo Ruffini (Valentano, 22 September 1765 – Modena, 10 May 1822) was an Italian mathematician and philosopher.
Education and Career
By 1788 he had earned university degrees in philosophy, medicine/surgery and mathematics. His works include developments in algebra:
an incomplete proof (Abel–Ruffini theorem) that q... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto%20Toeplitz | Otto Toeplitz (1 August 1881 – 15 February 1940) was a German mathematician working in functional analysis.
Life and work
Toeplitz was born to a Jewish family of mathematicians. Both his father and grandfather were Gymnasium mathematics teachers and published papers in mathematics. Toeplitz grew up in Breslau and gr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth%20Pitzer | Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer (January 6, 1914 – December 26, 1997) was an American physical and theoretical chemist, educator, and university president. He was described as "one of the most influential physical chemists of his era" whose work "spanned almost all of the important fields of physical chemistry: thermodynamics, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Roter | George Roter (born October 20, 1976) is the co-founder and former CEO of Engineers Without Borders (Canada). He and Parker Mitchell founded the Canadian organization in 2000.
Roter received a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Waterloo and left part-way through his master's degree to fo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parker%20Mitchell | Parker Mitchell is the co-founder and former co-CEO of Engineers Without Borders (Canada). He and George Roter founded the Canadian organization in 2000.
Mitchell has a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering and a B.A. (Cognitive Science minor) from the University of Waterloo, and a Masters in Development Studie... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isomerase | In biochemistry, isomerases are a general class of enzymes that convert a molecule from one isomer to another. Isomerases facilitate intramolecular rearrangements in which bonds are broken and formed. The general form of such a reaction is as follows:
There is only one substrate yielding one product. This product has ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyase | In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking (an elimination reaction) of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis (a substitution reaction) and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure. The reverse reaction is also possible (called a Michael reaction). For ex... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolase | In biochemistry, hydrolases constitute a class of enzymes that commonly function as biochemical catalysts that use water to break a chemical bond:
This typically results in dividing a larger molecule into smaller molecules. Some common examples of hydrolase enzymes are esterases including lipases, phosphatases, glycos... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transferase | In biochemistry, a transferase is any one of a class of enzymes that catalyse the transfer of specific functional groups (e.g. a methyl or glycosyl group) from one molecule (called the donor) to another (called the acceptor). They are involved in hundreds of different biochemical pathways throughout biology, and are i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidoreductase | In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create e... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum%20phase | In control theory and signal processing, a linear, time-invariant system is said to be minimum-phase if the system and its inverse are causal and stable.
The most general causal LTI transfer function can be uniquely factored into a series of an all-pass and a minimum phase system. The system function is then the produ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bound | Bound or bounds may refer to:
Mathematics
Bound variable
Upper and lower bounds, observed limits of mathematical functions
Physics
Bound state, a particle that has a tendency to remain localized in one or more regions of space
Geography
Bound Brook (Raritan River), a tributary of the Raritan River in New Jersey
B... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gottfried%20M%C3%BCnzenberg | Gottfried Münzenberg (born 17 March 1940) is a German physicist.
He studied physics at Justus-Liebig-Universität in Giessen and Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck and completed his studies with a Ph.D. at the University of Giessen, Germany, in 1971. In 1976, he moved to the department of nuclear chemistry at GS... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welch%27s%20method | Welch's method, named after Peter D. Welch, is an approach for spectral density estimation.
It is used in physics, engineering, and applied mathematics for estimating the power of a signal at different frequencies.
The method is based on the concept of using periodogram spectrum estimates, which are the result of conv... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRYPTREC | CRYPTREC is the Cryptography Research and Evaluation Committees set up by the Japanese Government to evaluate and recommend cryptographic techniques for government and industrial use. It is comparable in many respects to the European Union's NESSIE project and to the Advanced Encryption Standard process run by National... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lie-to-children | A lie-to-children is a simplified, but at least somewhat false, explanation of technical or complex subjects told to a layperson as a potential stepping stone to grasping a higher-complexity understanding. The technique has been incorporated by academics within the fields of biology, evolution, bioinformatics and the s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalinguistic%20abstraction | In computer science, metalinguistic abstraction is the process of solving complex problems by creating a new language or vocabulary to better understand the problem space. More generally, it also encompasses the ability or skill of a programmer to think outside of the pre-conceived notions of a specific language in ord... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire%20eating | Fire eating is the act of putting a flaming object into the mouth and extinguishing it. A fire eater can be an entertainer, a street performer, part of a sideshow or a circus act but has also been part of spiritual tradition in India.
Physics and hazards
Fire eating relies on the quick extinguishing of the fire in the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplysia%20gill%20and%20siphon%20withdrawal%20reflex | The Aplysia gill and siphon withdrawal reflex (GSWR) is an involuntary, defensive reflex of the sea hare Aplysia californica, a large shell-less sea snail or sea slug. This reflex causes the sea hare's delicate siphon and gill to be retracted when the animal is disturbed.
Aplysia californica is used in neuroscience re... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal%20reconstruction | In signal processing, reconstruction usually means the determination of an original continuous signal from a sequence of equally spaced samples.
This article takes a generalized abstract mathematical approach to signal sampling and reconstruction. For a more practical approach based on band-limited signals, see Whitt... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braid%20group | In mathematics, the braid group on strands (denoted ), also known as the Artin braid group, is the group whose elements are equivalence classes of -braids (e.g. under ambient isotopy), and whose group operation is composition of braids (see ). Example applications of braid groups include knot theory, where any knot ma... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike%20Cowlishaw | Mike Cowlishaw is a visiting professor at the Department of Computer Science at the University of Warwick, and a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering. He is a retired IBM Fellow, and was a Fellow of the Institute of Engineering and Technology, and the British Computer Society. He was educated at Monkton Combe Sch... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetraquark | A tetraquark, in particle physics, is an exotic meson composed of four valence quarks. A tetraquark state has long been suspected to be allowed by quantum chromodynamics, the modern theory of strong interactions. A tetraquark state is an example of an exotic hadron which lies outside the conventional quark model class... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime%20geodesic | In mathematics, a prime geodesic on a hyperbolic surface is a primitive closed geodesic, i.e. a geodesic which is a closed curve that traces out its image exactly once. Such geodesics are called prime geodesics because, among other things, they obey an asymptotic distribution law similar to the prime number theorem.
T... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composition%20%28combinatorics%29 | In mathematics, a composition of an integer n is a way of writing n as the sum of a sequence of (strictly) positive integers. Two sequences that differ in the order of their terms define different compositions of their sum, while they are considered to define the same partition of that number. Every integer has finitel... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ENSAE%20Paris | ENSAE Paris (officially École nationale de la statistique et de l'administration économique Paris) is a university in France, known as Grandes Ecoles and a member of IP Paris (Institut Polytechnique de Paris). ENSAE Paris is known as the specialization school of École polytechnique for economics, finance, applied mathe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20E.%20Kurtz | Thomas Eugene Kurtz (born February 22, 1928) is a retired Dartmouth professor of mathematics and computer scientist, who along with his colleague John G. Kemeny set in motion the then revolutionary concept of making computers as freely available to college students as library books were, by implementing the concept of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic%20quantum%20number | In atomic physics, a magnetic quantum number is a quantum number used to distinguish quantum states of an electron or other particle according to its angular momentum along a given axis in space. The orbital magnetic quantum number ( or ) distinguishes the orbitals available within a given subshell of an atom. It speci... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosemiotics | Biosemiotics (from the Greek βίος bios, "life" and σημειωτικός sēmeiōtikos, "observant of signs") is a field of semiotics and biology that studies the prelinguistic meaning-making, biological interpretation processes, production of signs and codes and communication processes in the biological realm.
Biosemiotics integ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LeJOS | leJOS is a firmware replacement for Lego Mindstorms programmable bricks. Different variants of the software support the original Robotics Invention System, the NXT, and the EV3. It includes a Java virtual machine, which allows Lego Mindstorms robots to be programmed in the Java programming language. It also includes 'i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven%20Levy | Steven Levy (born 1951) is an American journalist and Editor at Large for Wired who has written extensively for publications on computers, technology, cryptography, the internet, cybersecurity, and privacy. He is the author of the 1984 book Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution, which chronicles the early days of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluctuation-dissipation%20theorem | The fluctuation–dissipation theorem (FDT) or fluctuation–dissipation relation (FDR) is a powerful tool in statistical physics for predicting the behavior of systems that obey detailed balance. Given that a system obeys detailed balance, the theorem is a proof that thermodynamic fluctuations in a physical variable pred... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich%20Otto%20Wieland | Heinrich Otto Wieland (; 4 June 1877 – 5 August 1957) was a German chemist. He won the 1927 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his research into the bile acids.
Career
In 1901 Wieland received his doctorate at the University of Munich while studying under Johannes Thiele. In 1904 he completed his habilitation, then continue... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20Kingdom%20Mathematics%20Trust | The United Kingdom Mathematics Trust (UKMT) is a charity founded in 1996 to help with the education of children in mathematics within the UK.
History
The national mathematics competitions existed prior to the formation of the UKMT, but the foundation of the UKMT in the summer of 1996 enabled them to be run collectivel... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20Computer%20Society | The British Computer Society (BCS), branded BCS, The Chartered Institute for IT, since 2009, is a professional body and a learned society that represents those working in information technology (IT), computing, software engineering and computer science, both in the United Kingdom and internationally. Founded in 1957, B... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oval%20%28disambiguation%29 | An oval is a curve resembling an egg or an ellipse.
Oval, The Oval, or variations may also refer to:
Mathematics
Cassini oval
Oval (projective plane)
Places
Singapore
The Oval, Singapore, a road within Seletar Aerospace Park off Seletar Aerospace Drive
United Kingdom
Oval, London, a district in South London
Unite... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection%20algorithm | In computer science, a selection algorithm is an algorithm for finding the th smallest value in a collection of ordered values, such as numbers. The value that it finds is called the order statistic. Selection includes as special cases the problems of finding the minimum, median, and maximum element in the collection.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TATA%20box | In molecular biology, the TATA box (also called the Goldberg–Hogness box) is a sequence of DNA found in the core promoter region of genes in archaea and eukaryotes. The bacterial homolog of the TATA box is called the Pribnow box which has a shorter consensus sequence.
The TATA box is considered a non-coding DNA sequen... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulation%20of%20gene%20expression | Regulation of gene expression, or gene regulation, includes a wide range of mechanisms that are used by cells to increase or decrease the production of specific gene products (protein or RNA). Sophisticated programs of gene expression are widely observed in biology, for example to trigger developmental pathways, respon... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activator%20%28genetics%29 | A transcriptional activator is a protein (transcription factor) that increases transcription of a gene or set of genes. Activators are considered to have positive control over gene expression, as they function to promote gene transcription and, in some cases, are required for the transcription of genes to occur. Most a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman%20Haworth | Sir Walter Norman Haworth FRS (19 March 1883 – 19 March 1950) was a British chemist best known for his groundbreaking work on ascorbic acid (vitamin C) while working at the University of Birmingham. He received the 1937 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his investigations on carbohydrates and vitamin C". The prize was shar... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B5 | B5, B05, B-5 may refer to:
Biology
ATC code B05 (Blood substitutes and perfusion solutions), a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System
Cytochrome b5, ubiquitous electron transport hemoproteins
Cytochrome b5, type A, a human microsomal cytochrome b5
HLA-B5, an HLA-B serotyp... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatosome | In molecular biology, a chromatosome is a result of histone H1 binding to a nucleosome, which contains a histone octamer and DNA. The chromatosome contains 166 base pairs of DNA. 146 base pairs are from the DNA wrapped around the histone core of the nucleosome. The remaining 20 base pairs are from the DNA of histone H1... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H5 | H5, H05 or H-5 may refer to:
Science
Influenza A virus subtype H5 (disambiguation), all A type viruses containing H5 type of agglutinin
Histone H5, a histone similar to Histone H1
Haplogroup H5 (mtDNA), a genetics subgroup
ATC code H05 Calcium homeostasis, a subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classifi... |
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