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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20S.%20Harris%20%28programmer%29 | Robert S. Harris, nicknamed RoSHa, is the designer and programmer of several 1980s home computer and console games, including War Room (ColecoVision, 1983) and Killer Bees! (Odyssey 2, 1983).
Early life
Harris was born in Boalsburg, Pennsylvania and graduated from Carnegie Mellon University with a Bachelor of Science ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluing%20axiom | In mathematics, the gluing axiom is introduced to define what a sheaf on a topological space must satisfy, given that it is a presheaf, which is by definition a contravariant functor
to a category which initially one takes to be the category of sets. Here is the partial order of open sets of ordered by inclusion ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Motwani | Paul Motwani (born 13 June 1962) is a Scottish chess grandmaster. He was the first Scottish player to become a grandmaster.
Chess career
Born in Glasgow and raised in Dundee, he became World Cadet (Under 17) Champion in 1978, and won the first of his seven Scottish Championship titles that year. He was a secondary sch... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk%20theorem | Folk theorem may refer to:
Folk theorem (game theory), a general feasibility theorem
Ethnomathematics, the study of the relationship between mathematics and culture
Mathematical folklore, theorems that are widely known to mathematicians but cannot be traced back to an individual
Mathematics disambiguation pages |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VSR | VSR may refer to:
VSR-10 rifles by Tokyo Marui
VSR V8 Trophy, a stock car racing series
V&S Railway, Kansas, USA, reporting mark
Voltage-sensitive relay in electronics
Variable shunt reactor, high voltage stabilizer
Very Special Relativity in physics
Very short patch repair in DNA
Victorian Scottish Regiment, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bj%C3%B8rn%20Grinde | Bjørn Grinde (homepage grinde.one) is a Norwegian biologist working as a scientist in the fields of genetics and evolution, with particular interests in human evolution, happiness and consciousness.
Early life and education
He was born and grew up in Oslo, Norway, but spent a year as a high-school exchange student at... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regge%20theory | In quantum physics, Regge theory () is the study of the analytic properties of scattering as a function of angular momentum, where the angular momentum is not restricted to be an integer multiple of ħ but is allowed to take any complex value. The nonrelativistic theory was developed by Tullio Regge in 1959.
Details
Th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical%203-manifold | In mathematics, a spherical 3-manifold M is a 3-manifold of the form
where is a finite subgroup of SO(4) acting freely by rotations on the 3-sphere . All such manifolds are prime, orientable, and closed. Spherical 3-manifolds are sometimes called elliptic 3-manifolds or Clifford-Klein manifolds.
Properties
A spheric... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SVR | SVR may refer to:
Biology and medicine
Systemic vascular resistance
Sustained viral response in hepatitis C treatment
Companies and organizations
, or in English the Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)
Second Vermont Republic, a US secessionist group
Reykjavík bus company merged into Strætó bs
SV Ried, an Aus... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residual%20block%20termination | In cryptography, residual block termination is a variation of cipher block chaining mode (CBC) that does not require any padding. It does this by effectively changing to cipher feedback mode for one block. The cost is the increased complexity.
Encryption procedure
If the plaintext length N is not a multiple of the blo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChorusOS | ChorusOS is a microkernel real-time operating system designed as a message passing computing model. ChorusOS began as the Chorus distributed real-time operating system research project at the French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation (INRIA) in 1979. During the 1980s, Chorus was one of two earlie... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Drost | Robert Drost is an American computer scientist. He was born in 1970 in New York City.
Life
Drost joined Sun Microsystems in 1993 after obtaining a B.S. and M.S. in Electrical Engineering from Stanford University. In 2001 he earned a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and a Ph.D. minor in Computer Science from Stanford. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs | Mohs or MoHS can refer to:
Friedrich Mohs, a 19th-century German geologist who developed:
Mohs scale, a scale used in materials science to describe hardness
Frederic E. Mohs, an American doctor who developed:
Mohs surgery, a microscopically controlled surgery highly effective for common types of skin cancer
Erik Mohs, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grete%20Hermann | Grete Hermann (2 March 1901 – 15 April 1984) was a German mathematician and philosopher noted for her work in mathematics, physics, philosophy and education. She is noted for her early philosophical work on the foundations of quantum mechanics, and is now known most of all for an early, but long-ignored critique of a "... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary%20decomposition | In mathematics, the Lasker–Noether theorem states that every Noetherian ring is a Lasker ring, which means that every ideal can be decomposed as an intersection, called primary decomposition, of finitely many primary ideals (which are related to, but not quite the same as, powers of prime ideals). The theorem was firs... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-body%20problem | In physics and classical mechanics, the three-body problem is the problem of taking the initial positions and velocities (or momenta) of three point masses and solving for their subsequent motion according to Newton's laws of motion and Newton's law of universal gravitation. The three-body problem is a special case of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proximate%20and%20ultimate%20causation | A proximate cause is an event which is closest to, or immediately responsible for causing, some observed result. This exists in contrast to a higher-level ultimate cause (or distal cause) which is usually thought of as the "real" reason something occurred.
The concept is used in many fields of research and analysis, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variational%20Bayesian%20methods | Variational Bayesian methods are a family of techniques for approximating intractable integrals arising in Bayesian inference and machine learning. They are typically used in complex statistical models consisting of observed variables (usually termed "data") as well as unknown parameters and latent variables, with var... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicyclic%20semigroup | In mathematics, the bicyclic semigroup is an algebraic object important for the structure theory of semigroups. Although it is in fact a monoid, it is usually referred to as simply a semigroup. It is perhaps most easily understood as the syntactic monoid describing the Dyck language of balanced pairs of parentheses. Th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivanovo%20State%20University%20of%20Chemistry%20and%20Technology | The Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology () or ISUCT () is a public university located in Ivanovo, the administrative center of Ivanovo Oblast, Russia. Research priorities of the ISUCT are concentrated in chemical technology, chemistry and engineering.
The ISUCT takes the first place among universities... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard%20form | Standard form may refer to a way of writing very large or very small numbers by comparing the powers of ten. It is also known as scientific notation. Numbers in standard form are written in this format: a×10n
Where a is a number 1 ≤ a < 10 and n is an integer.
ln mathematics and science
Canonical form
Standard form (... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin-Andersen-Nex%C3%B6-Gymnasium%20Dresden | The Martin-Andersen-Nexö-Gymnasium Dresden (MANOS) is a selective high school (gymnasium) in Dresden, Germany, with a special focus on mathematics and sciences. It was formerly the school for radio mechanics in the GDR. It is named after the Danish writer Martin Andersen Nexø.
The current head of school is Mr. Holm Wi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serhiy%20Komisarenko | Serhiy Vasylʹovych Komisarenko (; , Sergey Vasilyovich Komissarenko), born July 9, 1943, in Ufa, Bashkortostan, USSR is a Ukrainian scientist, politician, and diplomat. He was a self-nominated candidate in the 2004 Ukrainian presidential election, and is chairman of the O. Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the Nat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denjoy%20integral | The Denjoy integral in mathematics can refer to two closely related integrals connected to the work of Arnaud Denjoy:
the narrow Denjoy integral, or just Denjoy integral, also known as Henstock–Kurzweil integral,
the (more general) wide Denjoy integral, or Khinchin integral. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivett%2C%20Australian%20Capital%20Territory | Rivett () (postcode: 2611) is a residential suburb of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia, established in the late 1960s. At the , Rivett had a population of 3,354. It is situated on the western edge of the Weston Creek district.
Rivett takes its name from Sir David Rivett, the professor of Chemistry at ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract%20polytope | In mathematics, an abstract polytope is an algebraic partially ordered set which captures the dyadic property of a traditional polytope without specifying purely geometric properties such as points and lines.
A geometric polytope is said to be a realization of an abstract polytope in some real N-dimensional space, typ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idleness | Idleness is a lack of motion or energy. In describing a person, idle suggests having no labor: "idly passing the day".
In physics, an idle machine exerts no transfer of energy. When a vehicle is not in motion, an idling engine does no useful thermodynamic work. In computing, an idle processor or network circuit is no... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least%20fixed%20point | In order theory, a branch of mathematics, the least fixed point (lfp or LFP, sometimes also smallest fixed point) of a function from a partially ordered set to itself is the fixed point which is less than each other fixed point, according to the order of the poset. A function need not have a least fixed point, but if i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diomidis%20Spinellis | Diomidis D. Spinellis (; 2 February 1967, Athens) is a Greek computer science academic and author of the books Code Reading, Code Quality, Beautiful Architecture (co-author) and Effective Debugging.
Education
Spinellis holds a Master of Engineering degree in Software Engineering and a Ph.D. in Computer Science both fr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syngnathidae | The Syngnathidae is a family of fish which includes seahorses, pipefishes, and seadragons (Phycodurus and Phyllopteryx). The name is derived from (), meaning "together", and (), meaning "jaw". The fused jaw is one of the traits that the entire family have in common.
Description and biology
Syngnathids are found in t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Hartle | James Burkett Hartle (August 17, 1939 – May 17, 2023) was an American theoretical physicist. He joined the faculty of the University of California, Santa Barbara in 1966, and was a member of the external faculty of the Santa Fe Institute. Hartle is known for his work in general relativity, astrophysics, and interpretat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20cosmology | Quantum cosmology is the attempt in theoretical physics to develop a quantum theory of the universe. This approach attempts to answer open questions of classical physical cosmology, particularly those related to the first phases of the universe.
Classical cosmology is based on Albert Einstein's general theory of relat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland%20Omn%C3%A8s | Roland Omnès (born 18 February 1931) is the author of several books which aim to give non-scientists the information required to understand quantum mechanics from an everyday standpoint.
Biography
Omnès is currently Professor Emeritus of Theoretical Physics in the Faculté des Sciences at Orsay, at the Université Par... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Schwartz%20%28mathematician%29 | Richard Evan Schwartz (born August 11, 1966) is an American mathematician notable for his contributions to geometric group theory and to an area of mathematics known as billiards. Geometric group theory is a relatively new area of mathematics beginning around the late 1980s which explores finitely generated groups, and... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagen%20Kleinert | Hagen Kleinert (born 15 June 1941) is professor of theoretical physics at the Free University of Berlin, Germany (since 1968),
Honorary Doctor at the
West University of Timișoara, and
at the
Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University
in Bishkek. He is also
Honorary Member of the
Russian Academy of Creative Endeavors. For his con... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPV | CPV may refer to:
In mathematics, science and technology
Viruses
Canine parvovirus
Cricket paralysis virus
Cryptosporidium parvum virus, a dsRNA virus of the single-celled causative agent of Cryptosporidiosis
Other uses in mathematics, science and technology
Cauchy principal value, a method for assigning values... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Ernest | Paul Ernest is a contributor to the social constructivist philosophy of mathematics.
Life
Paul Ernest is currently emeritus professor of the philosophy of mathematics education at Exeter University, UK. He is best known for his work on philosophical aspects of mathematics education and his contributions to developing ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohm | Bohm may refer to:
Physics
David Bohm, 20th century theoretical physicist who lent his name to several concepts in physics:
Aharonov–Bohm effect of electromagnetic potential on a particle
Bohm sheath criterion for a Debye sheath plasma layer
Bohm diffusion of plasma in a magnetic field
Bohm interpretation of the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seymour%20Benzer | Seymour Benzer (October 15, 1921 – November 30, 2007) was an American physicist, molecular biologist and behavioral geneticist. His career began during the molecular biology revolution of the 1950s, and he eventually rose to prominence in the fields of molecular and behavioral genetics. He led a productive genetics res... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budker%20Institute%20of%20Nuclear%20Physics | The Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (BINP) is one of the major centres of advanced study of nuclear physics in Russia. It is located in the Siberian town Akademgorodok, on Academician Lavrentiev Avenue. The institute was founded by Gersh Budker in 1959. Following his death in 1977, the institute was renamed in hono... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%27t%20Hooft%E2%80%93Polyakov%20monopole |
In theoretical physics, the t Hooft–Polyakov monopole is a topological soliton similar to the Dirac monopole but without the Dirac string. It arises in the case of a Yang–Mills theory with a gauge group G, coupled to a Higgs field which spontaneously breaks it down to a smaller group H via the Higgs mechanism. It was... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitride | In chemistry, a nitride is an inorganic compound of nitrogen. The "nitride" anion, N3- ion, is very elusive but compounds of nitride are numerous, although rarely naturally occurring. Some nitrides have a found applications, such as wear-resistant coatings (e.g., titanium nitride, TiN), hard ceramic materials (e.g., si... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrophilic%20addition | In organic chemistry, an electrophilic addition reaction is an addition reaction where a chemical compound containing a double or triple bond has a π bond broken, with the formation of two new σ bonds.
The driving force for this reaction is the formation of an electrophile X+ that forms a covalent bond with an electro... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolff%E2%80%93Kishner%20reduction | The Wolff–Kishner reduction is a reaction used in organic chemistry to convert carbonyl functionalities into methylene groups. In the context of complex molecule synthesis, it is most frequently employed to remove a carbonyl group after it has served its synthetic purpose of activating an intermediate in a preceding st... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudohalogen | Pseudohalogens are polyatomic analogues of halogens, whose chemistry, resembling that of the true halogens, allows them to substitute for halogens in several classes of chemical compounds. Pseudohalogens occur in pseudohalogen molecules, inorganic molecules of the general forms Ps–Ps or Ps–X (where Ps is a pseudohaloge... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute%20of%20Hydrobiology | The Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences () is a research institute located in Wuhan, Hubei, China. It was founded in 1950 and specializes in freshwater organisms. It is involved in the study of the finless porpoise and the now extinct baiji dolphin. China Zebrafish Resource Center is housed in the in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiener%20filter | In signal processing, the Wiener filter is a filter used to produce an estimate of a desired or target random process by linear time-invariant (LTI) filtering of an observed noisy process, assuming known stationary signal and noise spectra, and additive noise. The Wiener filter minimizes the mean square error between t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum%20entropy | Maximum entropy may refer to:
Entropy, a scientific concept as well as a measurable physical property that is most commonly associated with a state of disorder, randomness, or uncertainty.
Physics
Maximum entropy thermodynamics
Maximum entropy spectral estimation
Mathematics and statistics
Principle of maximum ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete-time%20Fourier%20transform | In mathematics, the discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT), also called the finite Fourier transform, is a form of Fourier analysis that is applicable to a sequence of values.
The DTFT is often used to analyze samples of a continuous function. The term discrete-time refers to the fact that the transform operates on d... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CERN%20Axion%20Solar%20Telescope | The CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) is an experiment in astroparticle physics to search for axions originating from the Sun. The experiment, sited at CERN in Switzerland, was commissioned in 1999 and came online in 2002 with the first data-taking run starting in May 2003. The successful detection of solar axions woul... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose%20Bowl%20%28stadium%29 | The Rose Bowl is an outdoor athletic stadium located in Pasadena, California. Opened in October 1922, the stadium is recognized as a National Historic Landmark and a California Historic Civil Engineering landmark. At a modern capacity of an all-seated configuration at 92,542, the Rose Bowl is the 16th-largest stadium i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos%20Bustamante%20%28biophysicist%29 | Carlos José Bustamante (born 1951 in Lima, Peru) is a Peruvian-American scientist. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences.
Biography
Carlos Bustamante is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) investigator, professor of molecular and cell biology, physics, and chemistry at the University of California, B... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeki%20Sezer | Mehmet Zeki Sezer (born 12 April 1957) is a Turkish politician and former chairman of the Democratic Left Party (Demokratik Sol Parti, DSP), he was elected in the 6th ordinary party congress in 2004 after the resignation of Bülent Ecevit.
Early years
Sezer was born in 1957 in Eskişehir. He graduated from M. Rüştü Uzel... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim%20Telfer | James Telfer (born 17 March 1940) is a Scottish former rugby union coach and player. As a player, he won 21 international caps in the amateur era, also having a career as a headmaster at Hawick High School and Galashiels Academy and Forrester High School as a chemistry teacher. With Sir Ian McGeechan he had success wit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T.%20C.%20Hsu | T.C. Hsu (; 17 April 1917 – 9 July 2003), was a Chinese American cell biologist. He was the 13th president of American Society for Cell Biology, and known as the Father of Mammalian Cytogenetics.
Life
Hsu was born Hsu Tao-Chiuh in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China. He did his undergraduate and postgraduate studies in the Col... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticality | Criticality may refer to:
Physics terms
Critical phenomena, the collective name associated with the physics of critical points
Critical point (thermodynamics), the end point of a phase equilibrium curve
Quantum critical point, a special class of continuous phase transition that takes place at absolute zero
Nuclear-ph... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spallation | Spallation is a process in which fragments of material (spall) are ejected from a body due to impact or stress. In the context of impact mechanics it describes ejection of material from a target during impact by a projectile. In planetary physics, spallation describes meteoritic impacts on a planetary surface and the e... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroformylation | In organic chemistry, hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis or oxo process, is an industrial process for the production of aldehydes () from alkenes (). This chemical reaction entails the net addition of a formyl group () and a hydrogen atom to a carbon-carbon double bond. This process has undergone continuous ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coulometry | In analytical electrochemistry, coulometry determines the amount of matter transformed during an electrolysis reaction by measuring the amount of electricity (in coulombs) consumed or produced. It can be used for precision measurements of charge, and the amperes even used to have a coulometric definition. However, toda... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercritical | Supercritical may refer to:
Physics and technology
Condensed matter physics
Critical temperature, TC, a temperature above which distinct liquid and gas phases do not exist for a given material
Supercritical drying, a process used to remove liquid in a precisely controlled way, similar to freeze drying
Supercritica... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sturm%27s%20theorem | In mathematics, the Sturm sequence of a univariate polynomial is a sequence of polynomials associated with and its derivative by a variant of Euclid's algorithm for polynomials. Sturm's theorem expresses the number of distinct real roots of located in an interval in terms of the number of changes of signs of the val... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decompression | Decompression has several meanings, some of which are covered by several articles:
Data decompression, the action of reversing data compression
Decompression (physics), the release of pressure and the opposition of physical compression
Decompression (altitude). the reduction of pressure and the related physiological... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur%20Smith%20%28rugby%20union%29 | Arthur Robert Smith (23 January 1933 – 3 February 1975) was a Scotland international rugby union player. He played as a Wing.
Rugby Union career
Amateur career
Originally from Castle Douglas in Kirkcudbrightshire in Scotland, he graduated in mathematics at Glasgow University and then gained a PhD at Gonville and Cai... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qualitative%20inorganic%20analysis | Classical qualitative inorganic analysis is a method of analytical chemistry which seeks to find the elemental composition of inorganic compounds. It is mainly focused on detecting ions in an aqueous solution, therefore materials in other forms may need to be brought to this state before using standard methods. The sol... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dublin%20Institute%20for%20Advanced%20Studies | The Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS) () is a statutory independent research institute in Ireland. It was established in 1940 on the initiative of the Taoiseach, Éamon de Valera, in Dublin.
The institute consists of three schools: the School of Theoretical Physics, the School of Cosmic Physics and the Schoo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-radical%20halogenation | In organic chemistry, free-radical halogenation is a type of halogenation. This chemical reaction is typical of alkanes and alkyl-substituted aromatics under application of UV light. The reaction is used for the industrial synthesis of chloroform (CHCl3), dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), and hexachlorobutadiene. It proceeds b... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M-325 | In the history of cryptography, M-325, also known as SIGFOY, was an American rotor machine designed by William F. Friedman and built in 1944. Between 1944 and 1946, more than 1,100 machines were deployed within the United States Foreign Service. Its use was discontinued in 1946 because of faults in operation. Friedman ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Institute%20of%20Engineering | The National Institute of Engineering (NIE) is a private engineering college located in Mysore, Karnataka, India. It was established in 1946 and granted autonomy in 2007 from Visvesvaraya Technological University.
History
NIE was started in 1946 with diploma programs in Civil Engineering in a room under a thatched roo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fhourstones | In computer science, Fhourstones is an integer benchmark that efficiently solves positions in the game of Connect-4. It was written by John Tromp in 1996-2008, and is incorporated into the Phoronix Test Suite. The measurements are reported as the number of game positions searched per second.
Available in both ANSI-C... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheaf | Sheaf may refer to:
Sheaf (agriculture), a bundle of harvested cereal stems
Sheaf (mathematics), a mathematical tool
Sheaf toss, a Scottish sport
River Sheaf, a tributary of River Don in England
The Sheaf, a student-run newspaper serving the University of Saskatchewan
Aluma, a settlement in Israel whose name tra... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triflate | In organic chemistry, triflate (systematic name: trifluoromethanesulfonate), is a functional group with the formula and structure . The triflate group is often represented by , as opposed to −Tf, which is the triflyl group, . For example, n-butyl triflate can be written as .
The corresponding triflate anion, , is an ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heck%20reaction | The Heck reaction (also called the Mizoroki–Heck reaction) is the chemical reaction of an unsaturated halide (or triflate) with an alkene in the presence of a base and a palladium catalyst to form a substituted alkene. It is named after Tsutomu Mizoroki and Richard F. Heck. Heck was awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Che... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzuki%20reaction | The Suzuki reaction is an organic reaction, classified as a cross-coupling reaction, where the coupling partners are a boronic acid and an organohalide and the catalyst is a palladium(0) complex. It was first published in 1979 by Akira Suzuki, and he shared the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Richard F. Heck and Ei-... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archer%20Martin | Archer John Porter Martin (1 March 1910 – 28 July 2002) was a British chemist who shared the 1952 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the invention of partition chromatography with Richard Synge.
Early life
Martin's father was a GP. Martin was educated at Bedford School, and Peterhouse, Cambridge.
Career
Working first in t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hull%E2%80%93White%20model | In financial mathematics, the Hull–White model is a model of future interest rates. In its most generic formulation, it belongs to the class of no-arbitrage models that are able to fit today's term structure of interest rates. It is relatively straightforward to translate the mathematical description of the evolution o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis%20Schmitt | Dennis Schmitt (born May 23, 1946) is a veteran explorer, adventurer and composer.
Early life
Schmitt grew up in Berkeley, California, the son of mixed German and American parentage. His father was a plumber. Displaying early aptitude with languages, music and mathematics, Schmitt graduated from Berkeley High School i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20A.%20Arbib | Michael Anthony Arbib (born May 28, 1940) is an American computational neuroscientist. He is an Adjunct Professor of Psychology at the University of California at San Diego and professor emeritus at the University of Southern California; before his 2016 retirement he was the Fletcher Jones Professor of computer scienc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catenane | In macromolecular chemistry, a catenane () is a mechanically interlocked molecular architecture consisting of two or more interlocked macrocycles, i.e. a molecule containing two or more intertwined rings. The interlocked rings cannot be separated without breaking the covalent bonds of the macrocycles. They are conceptu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal%20part | In mathematics, the principal part has several independent meanings, but usually refers to the negative-power portion of the Laurent series of a function.
Laurent series definition
The principal part at of a function
is the portion of the Laurent series consisting of terms with negative degree. That is,
is the pr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming%20Language%20Design%20and%20Implementation%20%28conference%29 | Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI) is an academic conference in computer science, in particular in the study of programming languages and compilers. PLDI is organized by the Association for Computing Machinery under the SIGPLAN interest group.
History
The precursor of PLDI was the Symposium on Com... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adams%20operation | In mathematics, an Adams operation, denoted ψk for natural numbers k, is a cohomology operation in topological K-theory, or any allied operation in algebraic K-theory or other types of algebraic construction, defined on a pattern introduced by Frank Adams. The basic idea is to implement some fundamental identities in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cohomology%20operation | In mathematics, the cohomology operation concept became central to algebraic topology, particularly homotopy theory, from the 1950s onwards, in the shape of the simple definition that if F is a functor defining a cohomology theory, then a cohomology operation should be a natural transformation from F to itself. Through... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertactin | In molecular biology, pertactin (PRN) is a highly immunogenic virulence factor of Bordetella pertussis, the bacterium that causes pertussis. Specifically, it is an outer membrane protein that promotes adhesion to tracheal epithelial cells. PRN is purified from Bordetella pertussis and is used for the vaccine productio... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzyl%20group | In organic chemistry, benzyl is the substituent or molecular fragment possessing the structure . Benzyl features a benzene ring () attached to a methylene group () group.
Nomenclature
In IUPAC nomenclature, the prefix benzyl refers to a substituent, for example benzyl chloride or benzyl benzoate. Benzyl is not to be ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odd%20Hassel | Odd Hassel (17 May 1897 – 11 May 1981) was a Norwegian physical chemist and Nobel Laureate.
Biography
Hassel was born in Kristiania (now Oslo), Norway. His parents were Ernst Hassel (1848–1905), a gynaecologist, and Mathilde Klaveness (1860–1955). In 1915, he entered the University of Oslo where he studied mathematics... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probabilistic%20argument | Probabilistic argument may refer to:
Probabilistic argument, any argument involving probability theory
Probabilistic method, a method of non-constructive existence proof in mathematics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-square%20%28fractal%29 | In mathematics, the T-square is a two-dimensional fractal. It has a boundary of infinite length bounding a finite area. Its name comes from the drawing instrument known as a T-square.
Algorithmic description
It can be generated from using this algorithm:
Image 1:
Start with a square. (The black square in the image... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifold%20decomposition | In topology, a branch of mathematics, a manifold M may be decomposed or split by writing M as a combination of smaller pieces. When doing so, one must specify both what those pieces are and how they are put together to form M.
Manifold decomposition works in two directions: one can start with the smaller pieces and bu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decomposition%20%28disambiguation%29 |
Biology and ecology
Decomposition is the process through which organic matter is broken down into simpler molecules.
Decomposition, decompose may also refer to:
Chemistry
Chemical decomposition or analysis, in chemistry, is the fragmentation of a chemical compound into elements or smaller compounds
Thermal decompos... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic%20toxicology | Forensic toxicology is the use of toxicology and disciplines such as analytical chemistry, pharmacology and clinical chemistry to aid medical or legal investigation of death, poisoning, and drug use. The primary concern for forensic toxicology is not the legal outcome of the toxicological investigation or the technolo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaitsev%27s%20rule | In organic chemistry, Zaitsev's rule (or Saytzeff's rule, Saytzev's rule) is an empirical rule for predicting the favored alkene product(s) in elimination reactions. While at the University of Kazan, Russian chemist Alexander Zaitsev studied a variety of different elimination reactions and observed a general trend in t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Gale | David Gale (December 13, 1921 – March 7, 2008) was an American mathematician and economist. He was a professor emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley, affiliated with the departments of mathematics, economics, and industrial engineering and operations research. He has contributed to the fields of mathemati... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre%20Victor%20Auger | Pierre Victor Auger (; 14 May 1899 – 24 December 1993) was a French physicist, born in Paris. He worked in the fields of atomic physics, nuclear physics, and cosmic ray physics. He is famous for being one of the discoverers of the Auger effect, named after him.
Early life
Pierre's father was chemistry professor Victor... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-gas%20gun | The light-gas gun is an apparatus for physics experiments. It is a highly specialized gun designed to generate extremely high velocities. It is usually used to study high-speed impact phenomena (hypervelocity research), such as the formation of impact craters by meteorites or the erosion of materials by micrometeoroids... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyromagnetic%20ratio | In physics, the gyromagnetic ratio (also sometimes known as the magnetogyric ratio in other disciplines) of a particle or system is the ratio of its magnetic moment to its angular momentum, and it is often denoted by the symbol , gamma. Its SI unit is the radian per second per tesla (rad⋅s−1⋅T−1) or, equivalently, the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asymmetric%20relation | In mathematics, an asymmetric relation is a binary relation on a set where for all if is related to then is not related to
Formal definition
A binary relation on is any subset of Given write if and only if which means that is shorthand for The expression is read as " is related to by " The binary re... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mildred%20Dresselhaus | Mildred Dresselhaus ( Spiewak; November 11, 1930 – February 20, 2017), known as the "Queen of Carbon Science", was an American physicist, materials scientist, and nanotechnologist. She was an institute professor and professor of both physics and electrical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyril%20Norman%20Hinshelwood | Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood (19 June 1897 – 9 October 1967) was a British physical chemist and expert in chemical kinetics. His work in reaction mechanisms earned the 1956 Nobel Prize in chemistry.
Education
Born in London, his parents were Norman Macmillan Hinshelwood, a chartered accountant, and Ethel Frances née ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Nolans | The Nolans were an Anglo-Irish girl group who formed in Blackpool in 1974 as the Nolan Sisters, before changing their name in 1980. From 1979 to 1982, the group had a run of hits, including "I'm in the Mood for Dancing", "Gotta Pull Myself Together", "Who's Gonna Rock You", "Attention to Me" and "Chemistry". They are o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gavin%20Schmidt | Gavin A. Schmidt is a British climatologist, climate modeler and Director of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York, and co-founder of the award-winning climate science blog RealClimate.
Work
He was educated at The Corsham School, earned a BA (Hons) in mathematics at Jesus College, Oxford, and... |
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