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Kenji Yanobe (ヤノベケンジ Yanobe Kenji) is a Japanese contemporary artist known for his upbeat yet dystopian artwork. His sculpture simulates consumer products designed for survival after a nuclear holocaust.
He is a professor at Kyoto University of Art and Design. He is also the director of Ultra Factory there.
He was born in Ibaraki City, Osaka. After graduating from high school, he studied at Kyoto City University of Arts in 1989, majoring in sculpture.
After studying at the Royal College of Art in England for a short time, he completed the Graduate School of Kyoto City University of Arts in 1991.
Artwork
Yanobe's sculptures closely fit a modern Japanese consumer aesthetic. His pieces, often based on robots, appear to be the products of the most modern industrial design: bright colors, polished metal, articulable joints, and shiny finish. However, they betray a fear of nuclear war. Yanobe's artwork includes brightly colored hazmat suits and tiny action figures with built-in geiger counters. They pose the question: Would life after a nuclear war be possible, and if it were, would it be worth living?
Yanobe has had art shows throughout the world, including the United States, Europe, and his native Japan. His artwork was displayed at the grounds of the 1970 World's Fair in Osaka, Japan. It was the last show there before the site was taken down in March 2004.
In 2009, he won the Osaka Culture Prize.
External links
Kenji Yanobe's official website
Interview with Kenji Yanobe in Giant Robot magazine.
Biography ExhibitionCV of Kenji Yanobe on Azito (online gallery of Japanese Contemporary art).
Living people
People from Ibaraki, Osaka
Japanese sculptors
Japanese contemporary artists
Japanese pop artists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Artists from Osaka Prefecture | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenji%20Yanobe |
The following is a list of Serbian basketball players that play or have played in the National Basketball Association (NBA).
Center Vlade Divac and forward Žarko Paspalj were the first Serbian players to play in the NBA, in the 1989–90 season. In 2004, Darko Miličić became the first basketball player from Serbia to win an NBA championship. Since then, Predrag Stojaković, Ognjen Kuzmić Nemanja Bjelica and Nikola Jokić won the league in 2011, 2015, 2022, and 2023, respectively.
In 2004, Dražen Dalipagić became the first Serb to be included in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame as a player.
Nikola Jokić is the Serbian player with most NBA honours and is the first Serb, and only the third European, to win the NBA Most Valuable Player Award. In 2022, Jokić was named the NBA MVP for the second year in a row, becoming the 13th player to win the award in consecutive seasons, as well as the second European player to win the award more than once, joining Giannis Antetokounmpo. In 2023, he became the first Serbian to be named Finals MVP.
Active players
The following is a list of current NBA players.
Note: This list is correct through the start of the .
Former players
The following is a list of former NBA players.
Players who are still active overseas
Drafted players
The following is a list of drafted players who have never appeared in an NBA regular season or playoff game.
Undrafted Summer League players
The following is a list of undrafted players who have never appeared in an NBA regular season or playoff game, but have played in the NBA Summer League.
Players with Serbian citizenship or parentage
The following is a list of players, that play or have played in the NBA, who have citizenship of Serbia or Serbian parentage or who are Serbs of former Yugoslav republics (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Slovenia).
Note: This list is correct through the start of the .
See also
List of European basketball players in the United States
List of National Basketball Association players by country
List of Croatian NBA players
List of Montenegrin NBA players
List of Serbian WNBA players
List of Serbian NBA coaches
Notes
Details
Other nationalities, ethnic groups
References
basketball
Serbia
NBA players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Serbian%20NBA%20players |
Chandanwadi is a neighbourhood in Thane city of Maharashtra state in India.
There are three lakes nearby, namely Kachrali Lake, Makhmali Lake, and Siddeshwar Lake. These lakes have been beautified as part of the cleansing and beautification of lakes in Thane city. Kachrali lake has been developed the most as it overlooks the Thane Municipal Corporation (TMC) building.
Etymology
The name of the place is a mixture of two words: Chandan and wadi. Chandan in Sanskrit refers to sandalwood and the suffix "wadi" means a cluster of houses in the Marathi language.
In January 2007, Major Manish H Pitambare from Chandanwadi (a paratrooper from the Special Forces) was awarded the Kirti Chakra, India's second-highest Peace-Time Gallantry Award, after he lost his life fighting militants in Bijbehara District of Jammu & Kashmir in November 2006.
References
Neighbourhoods in Thane | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandanwadi%2C%20Thane |
Georgia (died c. 500) was a virgin and hermit near Clermont, Auvergne. In the Catholic Church, she is revered as a saint and her feast day is 15 February.
Biography
The only information about the saintGeorgia comes from Gregory of Tours, who speaks of her in his De Gloria confessorum (To the Glory of the Confessors). Refusing to marry, she led a hermit's life in the countryside, praying and fasting. She lived and died near Clermont-Ferrand, then the capital of Merovingian Gaul.
According to legend, during her funeral a flock of doves followed the coffin as it was carried in procession to the cemetery. They remained to guard the tomb the rest of the day. Her remains could be found in the church of San Cassiano in Clermont, France.
External links
Georgia at Catholic Online
500 deaths
Year of birth unknown
Late Ancient Christian female saints
5th-century Christian saints
France
France
Female saints of medieval France | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia%20of%20Clermont |
The heavyweight boxing competition at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens was held from 18 to 28 August at Peristeri Olympic Boxing Hall. This is limited to those boxers weighing between 81 and 91 kilograms.
Competition format
Like all Olympic boxing events, the competition was a straight single-elimination tournament. This event consisted of 28 boxers who have qualified for the competition through various tournaments held in 2003 and 2004. The competition began with a preliminary round on 18 August, where the number of competitors was reduced to eight, and concluded with the final on 28 August.
All bouts consisted of four rounds of two minutes each, with one-minute breaks between rounds. Punches scored only if the white area on the front of the glove made full contact with the front of the head or torso of the opponent. Five judges scored each bout; three of the judges had to signal a scoring punch within one second for the punch to score. The winner of the bout was the boxer who scored the most valid punches by the end of the bout.
Schedule
All times are Greece Standard Time (UTC+2)
Qualifying Athletes
Results
References
External links
Official Olympic Report
Heavyweight | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxing%20at%20the%202004%20Summer%20Olympics%20%E2%80%93%20Heavyweight |
Gauche may refer to:
Literal left-hand-referenced relative direction:
A style of Western fencing using the main-gauche, i.e. the parrying dagger, normally held in the left hand
Rive Gauche, on the southern (i.e., left, when facing down the direction of flow) bank of the Seine in Paris, France
Stereochemistry:
Gauche conformation, a torsion angle of ±60° in alkane stereochemistry
Gauche effect, a characterization in which the gauche rotamer is more stable than the anti rotamer
Gauche (Scheme implementation), an implementation of the Scheme programming language
"Gauche the Cellist", short story by Kenji Miyazawa about the eponymous hypothetical cellist
Laura Gauché (born 1995), French alpine ski racer
See also
Left (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauche |
Būtingė (German: Butendiekshof or Budendiekshof) is a small village at the coast of the Baltic Sea in the north of Lithuania, at the border to Latvia. It belongs to Palanga City Municipality, and is situated north of the town Palanga. The village has long time belonged to Livonia, and is a part of Lithuania since 1921.
The Būtingė oil terminal, a part of ORLEN Lietuva, has been in operation since 1999. The terminal is somewhat controversial because of fear of oil spills, which have occurred. Since July 2006 the Būtingė oil terminal is the only way for supplying ORLEN Lietuva (former Mažeikių Nafta) with oil, because the Russian partner state controlled Lukoil corporation has cut off the supply through the Druzhba pipeline from Russia.
References
Villages in Klaipėda County
Oil terminals
Palanga City Municipality | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C5%ABting%C4%97 |
Dawson Island () is an island in the Strait of Magellan that forms part of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago, 100 km south of the city of Punta Arenas in Chile, and part of the Municipality of Punta Arenas. It is located southeast of Brunswick Peninsula. It is often lashed with harsh Antarctic weather. The settlements are Puerto Harris, Puerto San Antonio and Puerto Almeida.
History
This area was inhabited for thousands of years by the indigenous peoples. At the time of European encounter, the Kawésqar lived on the island (they were called the Alcalufe by the Yahgan and the Europeans adopted that term). They lived west of the Yahgan and throughout the islands west of Tierra del Fuego.
Beginning in the late 19th century, Europeans began to settle in the region, developing large sheep ranches on the main island. Miners also flocked to the area in search of gold. Chile used Dawson Island for an internment camp for the Selknam and other native people, to get them out of areas that settlers were trying to develop. Major sheep ranchers hired armed men to hunt down the indigenous people for bounty in the Selk'nam genocide, as they persisted on hunting in their former territory and considered sheep as game.
In 1890, the Chilean government granted Salesian missionaries from Italy a 20-year concession to Dawson Island to educate, care for, and try to assimilate indigenous peoples into European-Chilean culture. One of the structures from the Salesian operation remains. It has been designated a Chilean national monument.
After the 1973 Chilean coup d'état, the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet used the island to house political prisoners suspected of being communist activists, including government ministers and close friends of the deposed President Salvador Allende, most notably Orlando Letelier, Luis Corvalán, Clodomiro Almeyda and José Tohá. They were under the strict control of the Chilean Navy as each individual case was investigated. In addition, according to an International Red Cross report in 1974 and the Report of the Chilean National Commission on Truth and Reconciliation (Rettig Report) some 99 political detainees were held here who were sentenced to forced labor. Others have estimated that as many as 400 prisoners were held at the two camps. Members of the International Red Cross, BBC, and Brazilian press corps were permitted to visit the camps. In 1974 the military said they had transferred elsewhere or released detainees from both camps.
In September 2009 director Miguel Littín released a film called Dawson Isla 10. It was based on a memoir of the same name written by Sergio Bitar, a former political prisoner during the Augusto Pinochet regime.
See also
References
Internment camps
Islands of Tierra del Fuego
Strait of Magellan
Prison islands | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawson%20Island |
Pabuji Ki Phad is a religious scroll painting of folk deities, which is used for a musical rendition of the only surviving ancient traditional folk art form, Phad painting in the world of the epic of Pabuji, the Rathore Rajput chief.
Bhopas of Pabusar are the bards and also priests who are the traditional narrators of this art form. The Phad is also spelt as "Par". This art form is popular in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Literally, 'Pabuji Ki Phad' translates into two versions namely, "The Screen of Pabuji or O, Read of Pabuji!. Pabuji is also known as "the Ascetic Deity of Sand Desert".
The three basic features associated with this art form are: the epic story of Pabuji, the Rathore chief of Rajasthan in the 14th century, who is extolled as an incarnation of Hindu God, and worshipped by the Rabari tribals of Rajasthan; the Phad or Par, which is a long scroll painting (or sewn) made on cloth, with the martial heroics of Pabuji richly displayed for worship; and the bard priests, known as the Bhopas (who belong to the cult of Pabuji) of the nomadic tribe of Nayakas and specialists in narrating the story of the Pabuji in their sartorial best through the medium of the Phads used as a portable temple, all over the desert lands of the Thar in Rajasthan.
History
Pabuji is worshipped as a folk-deity. He lived in the 14th century (the 16th century is also mentioned) in a remote village known as Kulu in Rajasthan. Dhadal Rathore of village Kolu had four children: two boys, Buro the older and Pabuji the younger brother, and two girls, Sona and Pema. However, Pabuji was stated to be born to a nymph and as foretold by the nymph she was to return after 12 years as a mare to be with him. In his young age, Pabuji fought against the Khici clan to evict them from his land that they had encroached and killed their leader, Jindrav Khinchi. During this period, he also acquired a black horse from Lady Daval (goddess worshipped in Kolu) of Charan Clan and it is believed that this horse was in the reborn form of his own mother. He then went on to defeat Mirza Khan who was indulging in the killing of cows, which are held sacred by the Hindus and Muslim plunderer named Muslim marauder Mirza Khan Patan and also protected honour of the womenfolk.
An eventful part of Pabuji’s life was the marriage of Kelam, his favourite niece, to his friend, the snake deity of Rajasthan, known as Gogaji. At this wedding, while the wedding guests presented the couple with rich gifts (such as diamonds, pearls, an exquisite dress made from best cloth of South India, white cows, horses, elephants and so forth), Pabuji only promised her camels from Lanka (Lanka referred here is not the island of Sri Lanka, but refers to a kingdom west of the Indus River). He then went in search of a herd of camels to Lanka. After fighting and defeating the local ruler Ravana of Lanka, he then brought the herd of camels for his niece. When he was returning with the camels, he passed through Umarkot in Sindh (now in Pakistan). There, he fell in love with the princess Pulvati and after lot of persuasion married her.
The Kulu village where Pabu was born, now has only two conventional but small temples within a courtyard, where Puja (worship) is offered to the Pabuji. This village was known as the "great village fortress of Kolu" and it included the shrine of goddess Daval. The deity has still not attained the status for universal worship through building of many other temples elsewhere. Hence, only small shrines and commemorative stones are found in and around Kolu. Another reason attributed to the inadequate representation in the form of many temples to Pabuji is that the Bhopas are semi-nomadic and a traveling group who are not rooted to one place where they could build a temple for daily worship. Rabaris, also a semi-nomadic tribe and who are cattle herders of the region also revere Pabuji and consider it as the "myth of their origin".
In villages of Rajasthan, Pabuji was considered an ascetic and hence his blessings were sought for veterinary services provided by his disciples, the Bhopas. He is also invoked to cure children possessed of spirits by driving away the djinn; this is done by tying an amulet created during the early hours of the morning, towards the end of the narration of the Phad, by circling a holy thread seven times around the flame and then seven knots.
The epic story of Pabuji has been analysed by historians with respect to the other epic stories of Ramayana and Mahabharata and the conclusion drawn is that the Pabuji tradition is "one multilayered and collective narrative construction of different Rajasthani performers, transmitted in oral and written forms."
The Phad
The Phad canvas is usually of sheet cloth, on which are painted (or sewn) miniature scenes depicting the life of Pabuji and his adventures.
The Phad or Par represents, in its painting, the court of Pabuji (as a historical true Rajput chief who sacrifices his life for protection of others), his palace and his divine character as an incarnation of Laksmana, brother of the Rama of the Ramayana Hindu epic story, the forts in which he lived as well as the sanctum of his goddess Deval. The backdrop of such narrations is invariably in the desert villages of Rajasthan. The images in the painting are arranged logically, also showing revengeful exploits of his nephew on his enemy, Jindrav Khici. However, iconographically it is considered as "extremely complex and intricate."
The depictions (as shown in the image in the infobox) shows according to historian William Dalrymple a "panorama of medieval Rajasthan: women, horses, peacocks, carts, archers, battles, washer-men and fishermen, kings and queens, huge grey elephants and herds of white cows and buff camels, many-armed demons, fish-tailed wonder-creatures and blue-skinned gods, all arranged around the central outsized figure of Pabuji, his magnificent black mare, Kesar Kalami, and his four great companions and brothers-in-arms."
The sequence of images (see infobox) painted on the Pabuji Ki Phad is: the main deity - Pabuji - is at the centre and to his right is his court with his four principal companions, on the left of the main deity, is the court of Buro, his brother. At the extreme left is Umarkot and at the left edge, Lanka. To the right of Pabuji's court is the court of the Lady Deval (goddess of Kolu). At the far right of the painting is Khici's court. The blank spaces in between are depicted with scenes of Pabuji's journey from Rajasthan to Umarkot, and also images of Ganesh, Sarasvati and Vishnu in different incarnations that are painted at the top of the Phad or Par.
The Phad, from the time it is painted by the renowned painters of this art form, is treated with utmost reverence by the Bophas. They make daily offerings to the Phad. It is considered a hereditary possession and is passed on to one of their kin to continue the tradition. As the Phad gets worn or torn or becomes threadbare, a formal religious procedure is followed to decommission it. This procedure is called tandakarna in Hindi, which means to cool or remove its divine power. This is done by confining to the holy waters of the Ganges or Pushkar Lake.
Bhopas
Bhopa community in Rajasthan is considered to be of priest singers of Pabuji. They hail from the village of Pabusar(named after the hero of the epic) and are traced to the 16th century, though 14th century is also mentioned. It is also said that sweet water well was located in the village by Pabuji. They belong to the Nayak community, a Scheduled Caste community of Rajasthan. Phads are integral to the Bhopas' vocation and are considered the “epic qua religious service.” They perform this art form through a combination of folk singing and dancing interspersed with interludes to interact with the audience in front of a scroll or canvas, known as Phad or Par in Rajasthani that depicts the episodes of the narrative of the folk deity. The Phad functions as a 'portable temple.' The Bhopas carry the Phad traditionally and are invited by villagers to perform in their localities during times of sickness and misfortune. The Phads are kept rolled during transit. After reaching a village or town, the Bhopas erect the Phad between two poles under a shamiana (an open tent)in a suitable public place shortly after nightfall. The performance goes on throughout the night and terminates only towards dawn.
Narration
The narrative usually held by the Bhopas in the backdrop of Rajasthani deserts, is narrated by the poet-singers as a structured rendition of the epic story, called the Pabuprakasa, glorifying Pabuji as a divine being. The rendering is highly "stylized and formulistic in its narration". The text, which has a number of episodes, belongs to two different types namely, the parvaros and the sayls. The narrative of Pabuji, in particular, is recorded in the Khyata of Muhato Nainasi, a text with the title Vata Pabujiri. The entire narration relates to Pabuji and his heroic deeds. This epic, a courtly religious poem invoking Pabuji has 4,000 lines. Its recitation, from start to the end, takes full five nights of 8 hours duration from dusk to dawn; it is rarely fully recited now. The present trend of narration has many intermissions for taking tea, singing devotional songs (bhajans), popular film music, thus making it partly an entertainment coupled with the "religious ritual of invoking Pabuji as a living deity".
The musical and sometimes chanted narration is in colloquial Rajasthani dialect. Bhopa is the main singer (narrator) who does it with an accompaniment of a musical instrument, called the ravanhattho (a desert zither or a spike fiddle with eighteen strings but without frets), which he crafts by himself. A dholak or drum is also part of the musical ensemble. During the entire narration, Bhopa’s wife called the Bhopi, is present with him and joins him in singing. She also carries a lantern to shed light on the Phad when Bhopa is indicating to some scenes on the Phad linked to his narration. The singer has a stick with which he points out each scene and narrates the story. He also sometimes dances to his songs and interjects his performance with jokes and banter with the audience. There are several such itinerant Bhopa groups performing in various parts of Rajasthan. One of the famous narrators of the epic named Mohan from Pabusar was an illiterate but he could recite the entire 4000 lines of the epic.
The narration of the epic is done in the jagarans (night-wakes) time to invoke the prakas, meaning the presence of the folk deities, in the Rajasthani dialect. The set sequence for the narration, which in local language, called the phad vacno or performance is in the following order.
Purification rites involving erecting of the Phad is preceded by sanctifying the site by cleaning the land below the Phad and lighting incense sticks. A small jyot (lamp) made of cowdung is lit in front of the Phad and then circled around the Phad of Phabuji.
The procedure for stretching the Phad involves running a string through the red band stitched at the top and then tie the rope to wooden or bamboo posts at both ends.
The bard narrating the epic, the Bhopa, is dressed in a costume called the baga. The Bhopa announces the start of the narration by blowing the Conch shell
Devotees offer grains and money for consecrating the Phad
The deities depicted on the Phad are then invoked.
The narration of the epic story by the Bhopas is "prosimetric." The narration of verse sections is called gavs, which has a number of couplets known as karis. This is followed by the narration of the prose sections called arthavs (explanations). Each scene on the Phad is specifically shown with a wand by the Bhopas and then narrated
Collection of monetary contributions is part of the frequent intermissions for food, tea, tobacco or rest. Every time a donation is received, the Bhopa makes the announcement by blowing a conch-shell and mentioning the name of the donor.
At the conclusion of the performance, the Bhopas do an arati (offering of a lighted lamp for the deities) to the characters on the Phad, which is followed by another round of donations before the Phad is rolled up before dawn
The Phad's epic narrations are attended primarily by the traditionally nomadic and camel-herding Rabari caste (for Pabuji is their principal deity). The Rajputs of Pabuji’s own warrior caste also attend. It represents navrasas or nine forms of Indian classical aesthetics such as love, war, devotion and so forth in it. Its particular theme is enthralling and is more on bravery so much so that it is said that due to "a narration of the tale, the gross gets burned around it". Though they cater to the village Rajputs, narration is also attended by the Rajputs of the royal class. Present day narratives have drawn parallels with the Ramayana episodes to create divine attributes of the deities to Pabuji and the other characters. One writer attributes this development as "regarding Pabuji and other characters as avatars of Sanskritic deities and personages, though Brahmin influence is still minimal. Pabuji seems to be worshipped for very worldly ends, namely sound health, or its recovery, prosperity, a good marriage, a successful childbirth, and so on. Traditional Brahminic spirituality of moksha and mention of the Vedas is still virtually absent."
An annual festival of Pabuji Ki Phad epic narration is held at Pabusar when 10,000 to 15,000 people are said to attend. This annual event is arranged and popularised by the Jaipur Virasat Foundation.
Phad painters
The Phads or Pars are painted by professional painters called citero. Well known professional painters are known by the clan name 'Josi' of the Chipa caste. Their expertise is in textile-printing and they operate from their traditional towns of Shahpura and Bhilwara in Bhilwara district of Rajasthan. There are at least seventeen or eighteen painters involved in painting this art form. However, Shree Lal Joshi and Shanti Lal Joshi are the most noted artists of the phad painting, who are known for their innovations and creativity. Bhopas also say that the painting made by Shree Lal Joshi have "the powers to exorcise any spirit...once the Phad was complete and the eyes of the hero were painted in, neither the artist nor the Bhopa regarded it as a piece of art. Instead it instantly became a mobile temple: as Pabuji's devotees were semi-nomadic herders, his temple -the Phad visited the worshippers rather than the other way round."
Painting method
It is a hereditary art form, which is passed on from father to son. A Bhopa commission's this painting for religious purpose. The painting is drawn on a cotton cloth. The cloth is first prepared by applying a paste of flour and gum. It is then polished with a stone. An auspicious date is chosen for starting the painting since it is used for religious purpose by the Bhopa. A virgin girl only has the privilege of giving the first stroke of the brush on the Phad painting; normally the girl belongs to the painter's family or to a high-caste. An outline of the painting is drawn by the artist with light yellow colour paint; only earth colours or vegetable colours or indigo are used. The colours are then mixed with gum and water, and painted one colour after the other, in the order of orange, yellow, and so forth. Black is the last colour paint used for the border. Again, on an auspicious day, the painting is signed by the artist at the centre of the painting, close to the image of the main deity. Signature of the Bhopa who commissions the painting is also included, but it is optional. As a last act, the artist is said to give 'life' or "awaken the deity" of the painting by opening the pupil in the eyes of the main deity at the centre of the painting. It then becomes the Pabuji Ki Phad of the Bhopa who has commissioned it.
The earliest painting of a Phad or Par, as mentioned by John Smith, a scholar of the "Epic of Pabuji", is dated to 1867. Colonel James Tod, the British Lieutenant reported of a ceremony that included a Par painting in 1819. With the emphasis on bardic narration of Pabuji Ki Phad said to be on the decline in recent times, painters of Pars or Phads are also making Phads as collector's items in smaller sizes, and with different religious and other themes.
See also
Bhopa
Devnarayan
References
Bibliography
External links
Bhopas Live Performance: The Folkloric Picture Story_Tellers from Rajasthan
A website on phad painting and phad artist prakash joshi
A website on phad painting
Folk deities of Rajasthan
Hindu deities in art
Indian painting
Rajasthani arts | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pabuji%20Ki%20Phad |
The Saint-Hyacinthe Laser were a junior ice hockey team in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League from 1989 to 1996. They played their home games at Stade L.P. Gaucher in Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada.
History
The Saint-Hyacinthe Laser were born in 1989 after the Verdun Junior Canadiens were bought and moved to the city of Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec. The team played for seven years before moving to Rouyn-Noranda.
In the third year of operation, general manager Claude Lemieux was named Executive of the Year (John Horman Trophy). He rebuilt the Verdun Junior Canadiens team that struggled in last place in the QMJHL for three seasons into a club with a winning record, and was awarded for many individual achievements in the next few years. Richard Martel was awarded Coach of the Year in 1993-94 (Ron Lapointe Trophy). His assistant coach that season was Mario Pouliot.
Players
The most notable player in the team's history is goaltender Martin Brodeur. He played three full seasons with the Laser, being drafted 20th overall in the 1st round of the 1990 NHL Entry Draft.
Award winners
CHL Player of the Year
1991-92 Charles Poulin
CHL Sportsman of the Year
1991-92 Martin Gendron
CHL Humanitarian of the Year
1994-95 David-Alexandre Beauregard
Jean Béliveau Trophy(Top Scorer)
1991-92 Patrick Poulin
Michel Brière Commemorative Trophy(Most valuable player)
1991-92 Charles Poulin
Shell Cup – Offensive(Offensive player of the year)
1991-92 Martin Gendron
Raymond Lagacé Trophy(Offensive Rookie of the Year)
1993-94 Jimmy Drolet
Frank J. Selke Memorial Trophy(Most sportsmanlike player)
1991-92 Martin Gendron
1992-93 Martin Gendron
Paul Dumont Trophy(Personality of the year)
1991-92 Patrick Poulin
Wittnauer Plaque(Best community involvement)
1994-95 David-Alexandre Beauregard
NHL alumni
Season-by-season results
Regular season
Playoffs
1989-1990 Defeated Trois-Rivières Draveurs 4 games to 3 in quarter-finals. Lost to Victoriaville Tigres 4 games to 1 in semi-finals.
1990-1991 Lost to Longueuil Collège Français 4 games to 0 in quarter-finals.
1991-1992 Lost to Verdun Collège Français 4 games to 2 in quarter-finals.
1992-1993 Out of playoffs.
1993-1994 Lost to Hull Olympiques 4 games to 3 in division quarter-finals.
1994-1995 Lost to Hull Olympiques 4 games to 1 in division quarter-finals.
1995-1996 Finished 4th place (3 wins, 4 losses) in 6 team round-robin for division quarter-finals. Lost to Granby Prédateurs 4 games to 1 in quarter-finals.
References
Defunct Quebec Major Junior Hockey League teams
Sport in Saint-Hyacinthe
Ice hockey clubs established in 1989
Ice hockey clubs disestablished in 1996
1989 establishments in Quebec
1996 disestablishments in Quebec | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Hyacinthe%20Laser |
Pul-e-Charkhi prison (Pashto/Dari: زندان پل چرخی), also known as the Afghan National Detention Facility, is a maximum-security prison located next to the Ahmad Shah Baba Mina neighborhood in the eastern part of Kabul, Afghanistan. It has the capacity to house between 5,000 and 14,000 inmates, but as of February 2023 it only has between 2,000 and 2,500 inmates, most of whom have been arrested and convicted within the jurisdiction of Kabul Province. It is considered the country's largest prison.
History
Construction of Pul-e-Charkhi prison began in the 1970s by order of former president Mohammed Daoud Khan and was completed during the 1980s. It became notorious for torture and executions after the 1978 Saur Revolution as well as during the ten-year Soviet war that followed. Some claim that between April 1978 and December 1979, the communist People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) under Nur Muhammad Taraki, executed around 27,000 political prisoners at Pul-i-Charkhi. More recently, the Afghan National Army's 111th Capital Division was based near Pul-e-Charkhi prison.
Mass grave
In December 2006, a communist-era mass grave, close to the Puli Charkhi prison, was discovered by the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force. It is believed that the grave held some 2,000 bodies. Officials of the Afghan Ministry of Information and Culture believe that the massacre took place between 1978 and 1986 when the Moscow-backed communist presidents, Nur Muhammad Taraki, Hafizullah Amin and Babrak Karmal were in power.
Living conditions
Living conditions of the prisoners have been criticized by several human rights groups. The prison had been cited as overcrowded and the living conditions as sub-par. There had been eight cell blocks but only three were being used which has caused overcrowding. There are also about 70 female prisoners who are housed in a special female section of the prison.
Riots and escapes
In December 2004, foreign prisoners attacked guards with razor blades. A subsequent shoot-out left one Iraqi, three Pakistani prisoners and four Afghan police dead.
In January 2006, seven prisoners escaped by mingling with visitors. A month later, a riot was sparked by a new prison policy forcing prisoners to wear bright orange clothing, a rule enacted to avoid events similar to the January escape. The February 2006 riot resulted in six deaths and 22 injured according to the International Committee of the Red Cross. The rioters used makeshift weapons to attack guards, then ignited furniture on fire, and smashed doors and windows. They eventually took over a wing of the prison and held it for a few days. The riot finally ended on the first of March.
On 16 March 2008, after a two-week dispute over arrests following an attempted jail-break, inmates rioted and took over sections of the building. Gunfire was heard in the complex and inmates claimed to be holding hostage two members of the Afghan National Army (ANA). The hostage-takers threatened to kill the ANA members unless mediators were sent in to resolve the conflict.
Renovation and expansion
The prison has been renovated in recent years with assistance from the United States, including the United States Army Corps of Engineers. In 2007, the U.S. military began transferring some of its detainees from Bagram Air Base in Afghanistan to the Pul-e-Charkhi prison. By January 2008, as many as 125 detainees from the Parwan Detention Facility and 32 detainees from the U.S. Guantanamo Bay detention camp had been transferred to Pul-e-Charkhi. This was followed by the transfer of some 250 more detainees.
The United States repeatedly announced that it will be shutting down its Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba. The Americans planned to transfer most of the captives held in extrajudicial detention in Guantanamo, and in its less well known Parwan Detention Facility to Afghan custody.
The initial plan called for reducing the maximum number of men held per cell from the current eight, to just two. For security reasons every cell would be equipped with its own toilet, replacing the current insecure method of letting all the captives leave their cells and share a single toilet at the end of each cell block.
Under this initial plan, the modernization of this wing cost $20 million, and would have a maximum capacity of 670 captives. However, after a tour of the facility, during its modernization, it was realized that, for cultural reasons, captives could not be expected to share a toilet with another man. Afghan cultural modesty would not allow a captive to use a toilet with another man present, cutting the capacity of the modernized facility in half.
On May 6, 2007, two American soldiers, Colonel James W. Harrison Jr. and Master Sergeant Wilberto Sabalu, part of the oversight team, were shot dead by one of the Afghan guards. This forced a delay on construction as all the guards underwent new security checks. Finally, there was controversy within the Afghan government as to which ministry would be responsible for the modernized part of the prison.
By January 2008, 32 captives from the Guantanamo Bay detention camp and 125 captives from the Parwan Detention Facility had been transferred to Pul-e-Charkhi. The Center for Constitutional Rights reported that all of the Afghans repatriated to Afghanistan from April 2007 were sent to the Pul-e-Charkhi prison.
In February 2009, a team from the United Kingdom's Channel 4 toured the American wing of the prison. By September 2009 the United States had transferred some 250 former detainees from its Guantanamo Bay detention camp to Pul-e-Charkhi, often to the shock of their waiting families, according to Human Rights First.
2021
On August 15, 2021, management of the prison was handed over to forces of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan after the fall of President Ashraf Ghani's government. The Taliban released most inmates from the jail, including many of their fellow members.
See also
List of prisons in Afghanistan
References
External links
, March 10, 2017, TOLOnews.
, May 16, 2011, CBC News: The National.
, Jan. 24, 2009, Al Jazeera.
Human Rights First; Undue Process: An Examination of Detention and Trials of Bagram Detainees in Afghanistan in April 2009 (2009)
Human Rights First; Arbitrary Justice: Trial of Guantánamo and Bagram Detainees in Afghanistan (2008)
Lyse Doucet's (BBC Newsnight, Afghanistan) full film from inside Pul-e-Charkhi prison
Prisons in Afghanistan
1980s establishments in Afghanistan
Afghanistan–Soviet Union relations | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pul-e-Charkhi%20prison |
Otago is one of the few regions of New Zealand to have officially adopted a flag.
Otago has long been associated with several symbols and colours. The St. Andrew's Cross is one such symbol, in recognition of the former province's Scottish settlement. Another, used on the original arms of the province, is the eight-pointed star.
Traditionally, the province (as the region is still called) has always been associated with the colours blue and gold, these colours representing Otago's original foundation, on the wealth of gold taken from the rivers of the province during the 1860s gold rush. The blue also again harks back to the flag of Scotland.
For many years, these colours were seen in a wide variety of different designs intended to represent Otago. Popular designs included flags quartered in blue and gold, or in blue with a gold saltire. A vertically divided design in blue and gold with the word "Otago" in white fimbriated in black was also popular and can still be seen in use in the province.
In 2004, a campaign was started by prominent local author and regional councillor Neville Peat to decide on a design for a flag for the region as a whole (and more specifically for use by the Otago Regional Council).
The design (chosen in late 2004 from several hundred entries submitted) was designed by Gregor Macaulay. It is blazoned Per fess dancetty azure and or, two mullets of eight points in pale counterchanged. The design represents the blue skies over the hills of Otago separated by a zigzag dividing line, similar to that found on the flag of the province's main centre, Dunedin. The two eight-pointed stars were taken from the former Otago Provincial Council's seal, and also represent the sun shining over the lakes and the hills of Central Otago.
References
Flag
Flags of New Zealand
Flags adopted through competition
Otago | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag%20of%20Otago |
Guwahati Refinery was set up at Noonmati in Guwahati on 1 January 1962. Guwahati Refinery is the first Public Sector refinery of India and belongs to Indian Oil Corporation Limited. The refinery was inaugurated by Late Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of independent India. The refinery was built with Romanian Collaboration and has a capacity of 1.0 million metric tonnes per annum. This refinery process crude oil from Upper Assam Oil Fields, India and helps cater energy need of the region.
Major Products of this refinery are
LPG,
Motor Spirit (Petrol),
Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF),
Kerosene,
High Speed Diesel,
Light Diesel Oil and
Raw Petroleum Coke.
With growing environmental consciousness, Guwahati Refinery, Indian Oil Corporation Limited has also ventured into ecologically friendly fuel and subsequently installed 3 new units: the ISOSIV, the Hydrotreater and the INDMAX. The ISOSIV unit produces Lead Free Petrol by the Molecular Sieve Technology, which separates Octane rich MS components from feed naphtha. The Hydrotreater Unit (HDT) enables the Refinery to produce High Speed Diesel of very low sulphur and cetane number conforming to BIS specifications. The HDT also produces ATF, Superior Kerosene Oil with high smoke point and low sulphur. The Indane Maximization (INDMAX) technology developed by R&D Centre of Indian Oil installed at the Refinery is designed to achieve LPG yield as high as 44% through Fluidized Catalytic Cracking of residual feed stocks like Reduced Crude Oil, Coker Fuel Oil and Coker Gasolene. The INDMAX unit also enables Guwahati Refinery to upgrade all its residual products to high value distillate products and make it a zero residue Refinery.
References
Further reading
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/22979919.cms
Energy in Assam
Oil refineries in India
Economy of Guwahati
Companies based in Assam
Indian Oil Corporation
India–Romania relations
Indian Oil Corporation buildings and structures
1962 establishments in Assam | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guwahati%20Refinery |
Act utilitarianism is a utilitarian theory of ethics that states that a person's act is morally right if and only if it produces the best possible results in that specific situation. Classical utilitarians, including Jeremy Bentham, John Stuart Mill, and Henry Sidgwick, define happiness as pleasure and the absence of pain.
Overview
To understand how act utilitarianism works, compare the consequences of watching television all day tomorrow to the consequences of doing charity work tomorrow. One could produce more overall happiness in the world by doing charity work tomorrow than by watching television all day tomorrow. According to act utilitarianism, then, the right thing to do tomorrow is to go out and do charity work; it is wrong to stay home and watch television all day.
Act utilitarianism is based on the principle of utility, which is the basis of all utilitarian theories and is best summed up in Bentham's well-known phrase, "the greatest happiness for the greatest number". Jeremy Bentham supported his theory with another famous quote of his, that "Nature has placed mankind under two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure. It is for them alone to point out what we ought to do, as well as determine what we shall do." Bentham's utilitarianism is a hedonistic theory and starts with the premise that people are in their very nature hedonistic. This means that he believed people would actively seek out pleasure and avoid pain, if given the opportunity.
Critics sometimes cite such prohibitions on leisure activities as a problem for act utilitarianism. Critics also cite more significant problems, such as the fact that act utilitarianism seems to imply that specific acts of torture or enslavement would be morally permissible if they produced enough happiness.
Act utilitarianism is often contrasted with a different theory called rule utilitarianism. Rule utilitarianism states that the morally right action is the one that is in accordance with a moral rule whose general observance would create the most happiness. Act utilitarianism evaluates an act by its actual consequences whereas rule utilitarianism evaluates an action by the consequences of its general or universal practice (by all other persons, and perhaps into the future and past as well). Rule utilitarianism is sometimes thought to avoid the problems associated with act utilitarianism.
See also
Brad Hooker
Peter Singer
Preference utilitarianism
Two-level utilitarianism
References
Utilitarianism
Ethical theories | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act%20utilitarianism |
In the study of conformational isomerism, the Gauche effect is an atypical situation where a gauche conformation (groups separated by a torsion angle of approximately 60°) is more stable than the anti conformation (180°).
There are both steric and electronic effects that affect the relative stability of conformers. Ordinarily, steric effects predominate to place large substituents far from each other. However, this is not the case for certain substituents, typically those that are highly electronegative. Instead, there is an electronic preference for these groups to be gauche. Typically studied examples include 1,2-difluoroethane (H2FCCFH2), ethylene glycol, and vicinal-difluoroalkyl structures.
There are two main explanations for the gauche effect: hyperconjugation and bent bonds. In the hyperconjugation model, the donation of electron density from the C–H σ bonding orbital to the C–F σ* antibonding orbital is considered the source of stabilization in the gauche isomer. Due to the greater electronegativity of fluorine, the C–H σ orbital is a better electron donor than the C–F σ orbital, while the C–F σ* orbital is a better electron acceptor than the C–H σ* orbital. Only the gauche conformation allows good overlap between the better donor and the better acceptor.
Key in the bent bond explanation of the gauche effect in difluoroethane is the increased p orbital character of both C–F bonds due to the large electronegativity of fluorine. As a result, electron density builds up above and below to the left and right of the central C–C bond. The resulting reduced orbital overlap can be partially compensated when a gauche conformation is assumed, forming a bent bond. Of these two models, hyperconjugation is generally considered the principal cause behind the gauche effect in difluoroethane.
The molecular geometry of both rotamers can be obtained experimentally by high resolution infrared spectroscopy augmented with in silico work. In accordance with the model described above, the carbon–carbon bond length is higher for the anti-rotamer (151.4 pm vs. 150). The steric repulsion between the fluorine atoms in the gauche rotamer causes increased CCF bond angles (by 3.2°) and increased FCCF dihedral angles (from the default 60° to 71°).
In the related compound 1,2-difluoro-1,2-diphenylethane, the threo isomer is found (by X-ray diffraction and from NMR coupling constants) to have an anti conformation between the two phenyl groups and the two fluorine groups and a gauche conformation is found for both groups for the erythro isomer. According to in silico results this conformation is more stable by 0.21 kcal/mol (880 J/mol).
A gauche effect has also been reported for a molecule featuring an all-syn array of four consecutive fluoro substituents. The reaction to install the fourth one is stereoselective:
The gauche effect is also seen in 1,2-dimethoxyethane and some vicinal-dinitroalkyl compounds.
The alkene cis effect is an analogous atypical stabilizing of certain alkenes.
External influences
The gauche effect is very sensitive to solvent effects, due to the large difference in polarity between the two conformers. For example, 2,3-dinitro-2,3-dimethylbutane, which in the solid state exists only in the gauche conformation, prefers the gauche conformer in benzene solution by a ratio of 79:21, but in carbon tetrachloride, it prefers the anti conformer by a ratio of 58:42. Another case is trans-1,2 difluorocyclohexane, which has a larger preference for the di-equatorial conformer, rather than the anti-diaxial conformer, in more polar solvents.
See also
Anomeric effect
References
Stereochemistry | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauche%20effect |
Barauni Refinery is an oil refinery located in Begusarai city in the state of Bihar, operated by Indian Oil Corporation (IOCL). It was the dream project of Shri Krishna Singh the first chief minister of Bihar. It was built in collaboration with the Soviet Union, with limited participation from Romania, at a cost of Rs. 49.4 crores and went on stream in July 1964. The initial capacity of 1 million tonnes per year was expanded to 3 million tonnes per year by 1969. The present capacity of this refinery is 6.100 million tonnes per year. Indian Oil Corporation has planned to expand its capacity from 6 million tonnes per year to 9 million tonnes per year at the cost of $1.94 billion.
Moving to green fuel
Barauni Refinery was earmarked for its operational excellence in 2009 after winning the TPM excellence award in Category A. State-of-art eco-friendly technologies enabled the Refinery to produce environment-friendly green fuels complying with international standards. Barauni Refinery fully switched over to BS-III diesel w.e.f 1 June 2010. 1st batch of BS-III petrol was dispatched through Barauni Kanpur Pipeline (BKPL) on 13 August 2010. Bihar & Jharkhand was declared BS-III compliant since September 2010. New units like NHDT and ISOM for Motor Spirit Quality up-gradation were added in 2010.
Product Profile
Barauni Refinery is primarily a diesel producing Refinery with over 54% of its product mix as HSD. Other products include kerosene, petrol, LPG, Naptha, Raw Petroleum Coke (RPC), sulphur and bitumen. It caters to fuel demands of the states of Bihar, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand and Madhya Pradesh. Nepal Oil Corporation also sources its fuel including, LPG from Barauni Refinery. Currently, over 42% of the dispatch of products at Barauni Refinery is through road followed by pipelines and rail.
See also
Barauni IOC Township
Indian Oil
References
External links
Barauni Refinery in IOC
Oil refineries in India
Energy in Bihar
Barauni
India–Soviet Union relations
Soviet foreign aid
India–Romania relations
Indian Oil Corporation buildings and structures
Energy infrastructure completed in 1964
1964 establishments in Bihar
20th-century architecture in India | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barauni%20Refinery |
Miss Arizona USA is the beauty pageant that selects the representative for the state of Arizona in the Miss USA pageant, and the name of the title held by its winner. The pageant is directed by Casting Crown Productions.
Arizona's most successful placements were in 1965 and 1980, when Jane Nelson and Jineane Ford, respectively, placed as the first runner-up. Ford later became Miss USA 1980 after the original winner Shawn Weatherly was crowned Miss Universe 1980. Arizona's most recent placement was in 2016, when Chelsea Myers placed in the Top 15.
The longest reigning titleholder was Yesenia Vidales in 2020 at 1 year, 6 months and 5 days, while Cassidy Jo Jacks was the shortest reigning titleholder in 2021 ended her reign at 10 months and 19 days.
The current Miss Arizona USA is Isabel Ticlo of Phoenix and was crowned in Gilbert on May 30, 2022. Ticlo represented Arizona at Miss USA 2022.
Gallery of titleholders
Results summary
Placements in Miss USA
1st Runners-Up: Jane Nelson (1965), Jineane Ford (1980)
2nd Runners-Up: Susanne Pottenger (1971), Diane Martin (1987), Alicia-Monique Blanco (2009)
3rd Runners-Up: Ruth Hayes (1969), Sherry Nix (1973)
Top 10/11/12: Carlys Peterson (1974), Toni Abranovic (1977), Ana Rupert (1979), Cassie Hill (1981), Michelle Ducote (1985), Lee Anne Locken (1989), Maricarroll Verlinde (1991), Dannis Shephard (1992), Stacey Kole (1998)
Top 15/16/20: Jerri Michaelson (1962), Diane McGarry (1963), Roxanne Neeley (1966), Judianne Magnusson (1967), Danielle Demski (2004), Brenna Sakas (2006), Brittany Brannon (2011), Jordan Wessel (2014), Maureen Montagne (2015), Chelsea Myers (2016)
Arizona holds a record of 26 placements at Miss USA.
Awards
Miss Congeniality: Cara Jackson (1999)
Miss Photogenic: Jineane Ford (1980), Brittany Brannon (2011)
Best State Costume: Daria Sparling (1984), Michelle Ducote (1985), Maricarroll Verlinde (1991)
Winners
Color key
Notes
References
External links
Official website
Arizona
Arizona culture
Women in Arizona
1952 establishments in Arizona
Recurring events established in 1952
Annual events in Arizona
Events in Phoenix, Arizona | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miss%20Arizona%20USA |
The Gujarat Refinery is an oil refinery located at Koyali, Vadodara District in Gujarat, Western India. It is the third largest refinery owned by Indian Oil Corporation after Paradip and Panipat Refinery. The refinery is currently under projected expansion to 18 million tonnes per year.
History
Following the conclusion of the Indo-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation in February 1961, a site for the establishment of a 2 million tonnes per year oil refinery was selected on 17 April 1961. Soviet and Indian engineers signed a contract in October 1961 for the preparation of the project. Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru laid the foundation stone of the refinery on 10 May 1963.
The refinery was commissioned with Soviet assistance at a cost of Rs.26 crores began production in October 1965. The first crude distillation unit with a capacity of 1 million tonnes per year was commissioned for trial production on 11 October 1965 and achieved its rated capacity on 6 December 1965. Throughput reached 20% beyond its designed capacity in January 1966.
President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan dedicated the refinery to the nation with the commissioning of second crude distillation unit and catalytic reforming unit on 18 October 1966.
The third 1 million tonnes per year distillation unit was commissioned in September 1967 to process Ankleshwar and North Gujarat crudes. In December 1968, Udex plant was commissioned for production of benzene and toluene using feedstock from CRU. By 1974–75 with in-house modifications, the capacity of the refinery increased by 40% to a level of 4.2 million tonnes per year. To process imported crude the refinery was expanded during 1978-79 by adding another 3 million tonnes per year crude distillation unit along with downstream processing units including vacuum distillation, visbreaker and bitumen blowing units. By 1980-81 this unit started processing Bombay High crude in addition to imported crudes. It was the first time that Indian engineers independently handled a project of that scale.
To recover products from the residue, secondary processing facilities consisting of fluidized catalytic cracking unit of 1 million tonnes per year capacity along with a feed preparation unit of 1 million tonnes per year capacities, were commissioned in December 1982. The refinery set up pilot distillation facilities for the production of n-Heptane and light aluminum rolling oils. To enable absorption of increased indigenous crudes the refinery's capacity was further increased to 9.5 million tonnes per year.
In 1993–1994, Gujarat commissioned the country's first hydrocracker unit of 1.2 million tonnes per year along with feed preparation unit-2 and hydrogen generation unit-1 (GHC Complex), for conversion of heavier ends of crude oil to high value superior products.
India's first diesel hydrodesulfurisation unit to reduce sulfur content in diesel was commissioned in June 1999. A methyl tertiary butyl ether unit was commissioned in September 1999 to eliminate lead from motor fuels. The facility conceptualised and commissioned South Asia's largest centralised effluent treatment plant (ETP) by dismantling the four old ETPs in June 1999. By September 1999 with the commissioning of an atmospheric distillation unit, Gujarat Refinery further augmented its capacity to 13.7 million tonnes per year making it the largest public sector undertaking refinery of the country.
A project for production of linear alkyl benzene from kerosene streams was implemented in August 2004. It is the largest grassroots single train Kerosene-to-LAB unit in the world, with an installed capacity of 1.2 million tonnes per year. To meet future fuel quality requirements, motor gasoline (MS) quality improvement facilities were commissioned in 2006. The Residue Upgraation Project undertaken by the Gujarat Refinery was completed by 2011 which increased the high sulfur processing capacity of Gujarat refinery, improved the distillate yield as well produce BS III & IV quality of MS and high-speed diesel (HSD). The Residue Upgradation Project came in two parts namely, the south block which consisted of hydrogen generation unit (HGU)-III, solvent recovery unit (SRU)-III, diesel hydrotreatment (DHDT) and isomerization units and the north block which consisted of vacuum gasoil hydrotreating (VGO)-HDT and delayed coker units. To support the new units a new co-generation plant (CGP) and heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) were also commissioned.
Description
The refinery's facilities include five atmospheric crude distillation units. The major secondary units include catalytic reforming unit (CRU), fluidized catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) and the first hydrocracking unit of the country. Through a pipeline to Ahmedabad and a pipeline connecting to the Barauni-Kanpur pipeline (BKPL) and also by rail and truck, the refinery primarily serves the demand for petroleum products in western and northern India.
When commissioned, the refinery had an installed capacity of 2 million tonnes per year and was designed to process crude from Ankleshwar, Kalol and Nawagam oilfields of ONGC in Gujarat. The refinery was modified to handle imported and Bombay High crude. The refinery also produces a wide range of specialty products such as benzene, toluene, mineral turpentine oil, food grade hexane, solvents and kerosene.
The Gujarat Refinery is the first refinery in India to have completed the diesel hydrodesulfurization project in June 1999, when the refinery started production of HSD with low sulfur content of 0.25% wt (max).
See also
Indian Oil Corporation
References
External links
Indian Oil Corporation Limited
IndianOil Express
IndianOil Tenders
Gujarat Refinery
Oil refineries in India
Indian Oil Corporation
Buildings and structures in Gujarat
Companies based in Gujarat
Energy in Gujarat
Economy of Vadodara
Energy infrastructure completed in 1965
Non-renewable resource companies established in 1965
1965 establishments in Gujarat
India–Soviet Union relations
Soviet foreign aid
Indian Oil Corporation buildings and structures
20th-century architecture in India | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gujarat%20Refinery |
Haldia Refinery is an oil refinery operated by Indian Oil Corporation, located in Haldia city in the state of West Bengal. This refinery has a capacity of 8 million tonnes per year. This refinery was commissioned in 1975 and is situated 136 km from Kolkata, at the junction of Haldi and Hooghly River. This refinery can produce various fuel products like LPG, Naphtha, Petrol, Mineral Turpentine Oil, Superior Kerosene, Aviation Turbine Fuel, High Speed Diesel, Jute Batching Oil.
History
Two sectors were commissioned in January 1975 for processing 2.5 MMTPA of Middle East crude - one for producing fuel products and the other for Lube base stocks.
The fuel sector was built with French collaboration and the Lube sector with Romanian collaboration. The refining capacity of the Refinery was increased to 2.75 million tonnes per year in 1989 through debottlenecking measures.
References
External links
Haldia Refinery
IndianOil Refining
Oil refineries in India
Indian Oil Corporation
Energy in West Bengal
Haldia
Indian Oil Corporation buildings and structures
1975 establishments in West Bengal
Energy infrastructure completed in 1975
20th-century architecture in India | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldia%20Refinery |
The Mathura Refinery, owned by Indian Oil Corporation, is the sixth refinery of IndianOil located in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India. The refinery processes low sulphur crude from Bombay High, imported low sulphur crude from Nigeria, and high sulphur crude from
the Middle East.
The refinery, which cost Rs.253.92 crores to build, was commissioned on 19 January 1982. Construction began on the refinery in October 1972. The foundation stone was laid by Indira Gandhi, the former prime minister of India. The FCCU and Sulphur Recovery Units were commissioned in January, 1983. The refinery was commissioned with a refining capacity of 6.0 million tonnes per year and The refining capacity of this refinery was expanded to 7.5 million tonnes per year in 1989 by debottlenecking and revamping. A DHDS Unit was commissioned in 1989 for production of HSD with low sulphur content of 0.25% wt. ( max.). The present refining capacity of this refinery is 8.00 million tonnes per year.
In January 2009, the plant shut down for a period of time due to a strike.
It is located about 50 kilometers away from the Taj Mahal. It is currently asking the Indian government to allow an expansion, raising the capacity to 11 million tonnes. The refinery also wants to create a new garbage disposal site, which has garnered new outrage from environmental activists because the site will be located even closer to the Taj Mahal and Mathura. The Indian government hired a panel to examine the effects of the refinery on the Taj Mahal. The panel found that the air has high levels of suspended particulate matter, caused by factory emissions, dust, construction, and exhaust from automobiles. These are causing the Taj Mahal to change color. However, contribution of Mathura Refinery for causing pollution has not been established.
In 1998 the plant was awarded the "Best of all" Rajiv Gandhi National Quality Award.
Presently Mathura Refinery is producing BS VI standard fuels and supplying to Delhi NCR. A corporate MyStamp of the refinery has also been published by the Postal Department for recognising the contributions of the refinery towards environment conscience.
See also
Panipat Refinery
References
Oil refineries in India
Mathura
Indian Oil Corporation
Energy in Uttar Pradesh
India–Soviet Union relations
Soviet foreign aid
Indian Oil Corporation buildings and structures
1982 establishments in Uttar Pradesh
Energy infrastructure completed in 1982
20th-century architecture in India | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathura%20Refinery |
Digboi Oil Refinery was set up at Digboi in 1901 by Assam Oil Company Ltd. The Indian Oil Corporation Ltd (IOC) took over the refinery and marketing management of Assam Oil Company Ltd. with effect from 1981 and created a separate division. This division has both refinery and marketing operations. The refinery at Digboi had an installed capacity 0.5 million tonnes per year. The refining capacity of the refinery was increased to 0.65 million tonnes per year by modernization of refinery in July, 1996. A new delayed Coking Unit of 170,000 tonnes per year capacity was commissioned in 1999. A new Solvent Dewaxing Unit for maximizing production of microcrystalline wax was installed and commissioned in 2003. The refinery has also installed Hydrotreater-UOP in 2002 to improve the quality of diesel. The MSQ Upgradation unit has been commissioned. A new terminal was expected to be completed by 2016. It is one of the best oil fields in Assam. Certified
The small town of Digboi in the remote north eastern corner of the country is the birth place of the Oil Industry in India. Digboi Refinery, commissioned on 1901. It is India's oldest operating refinery and one of the oldest operating refineries in the world and termed as the "Gangotri of the Indian Hydrocarbon sector." Earlier owned and operated by the Assam Oil Company Limited/Burmah Oil Company, it came into the fold of the Indian Oil Corporation Limited and became the Assam Oil Division of Indian Oil Corporation Limited.
History
Digboi refinery is known as birthplace of the oil Industry in India. It was commissioned on 11 December 1901. It has the distinction of being Asia's first refinery and one of oldest still in operation. Oil was accidentally discovered in 1867 while laying a railway line in Digboi area. It was just found seeping out in dense jungles in Tinsukia district. Digging for oil was started in 1889 and the refinery set up in 1901 at Digboi.
See also
Bongaigaon Refinery
Guwahati Refinery
References
External links
Digboi Refinery - Our Second Century
Article on Discover Far East
Energy in Assam
Oil refineries in India
Tinsukia
Companies based in Assam
Indian Oil Corporation buildings and structures
1901 establishments in India | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digboi%20Refinery |
Computational aeroacoustics is a branch of aeroacoustics that aims to analyze the generation of noise by turbulent flows through numerical methods.
History
The origin of computational aeroacoustics can only very likely be dated back to the middle of the 1980s, with a publication of Hardin and Lamkin who claimed, that "[...] the field of computational fluid mechanics has been advancing rapidly in the past few years and now offers the hope that "computational aeroacoustics," where noise is computed directly from a first principles determination of continuous velocity and vorticity fields, might be possible, [...]"
Later in a publication 1986 the same authors introduced the abbreviation CAA. The term was initially used for a low Mach number approach (Expansion of the acoustic perturbation field about an incompressible flow) as it is described under EIF. Later in the beginning 1990s the growing CAA community picked up the term and extensively used it for any kind of numerical method describing the noise radiation from an aeroacoustic source or the propagation of sound waves in an inhomogeneous flow field. Such numerical methods can be far field integration methods (e.g. FW-H) as well as direct numerical methods optimized for the solutions (e.g.) of a mathematical model describing the aerodynamic noise generation and/or propagation. With the rapid development of the computational resources this field has undergone spectacular progress during the last three decades.
Methods
Direct numerical simulation (DNS) approach to CAA
The compressible Navier-Stokes equation describes both the flow field, and the aerodynamically generated acoustic field. Thus both may be solved for directly. This requires very high numerical resolution due to the large differences in the length scale present between the acoustic variables and the flow variables. It is computationally very demanding and unsuitable for any commercial use.
Hybrid approach
In this approach the computational domain is split into different regions, such that the governing acoustic or flow field can be solved with different equations and numerical techniques. This would involve using two different numerical solvers, first a dedicated Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool and secondly an acoustic solver. The flow field is then used to calculate the acoustical sources. Both steady state (RANS, SNGR (Stochastic Noise Generation and Radiation), ...) and transient (DNS, LES, DES, URANS, ...) fluid field solutions can be used. These acoustical sources are provided to the second solver which calculates the acoustical propagation. Acoustic propagation can be calculated using one of the following methods:
Integral methods
Lighthill's analogy
Kirchhoff integral
FW-H
LEE
Pseudospectral
EIF
APE
Integral methods
There are multiple methods, which are based on a known solution of the acoustic wave equation to compute the acoustic far field of a sound source. Because a general solution for wave propagation in the free space can be written as an integral over all sources, these solutions are summarized as integral methods. The acoustic sources have to be known from some different source (e.g. a Finite Element simulation of a moving mechanical system or a fluid dynamic CFD simulation of the sources in a moving medium). The integral is taken over all sources at the retarded time (source time), which is the time at that the source is sent out the signal, which arrives now at a given observer position. Common to all integral methods is, that they cannot account for changes in the speed of sound or the average flow speed between source and observer position as they use a theoretical solution of the wave equation. When applying Lighthill's theory to the Navier Stokes equations of Fluid mechanics, one obtains volumetric sources, whereas the other two analogies provide the far field information based on a surface integral. Acoustic analogies can be very efficient and fast, as the known solution of the wave equation is used. One far away observer takes as long as one very close observer. Common for the application of all analogies is the integration over a large number of contributions, which can lead to additional numerical problems (addition/subtraction of many large numbers with result close to zero.) Furthermore, when applying an integral method, usually the source domain is limited somehow. While in theory the sources outside have to be zero, the application can not always fulfill this condition. Especially in connection with CFD simulations, this leads to large cut-off errors. By damping the source gradually to zero at the exit of the domain or adding some additional terms to correct this end-effect, these cut-off errors can be minimized.
Lighthill's analogy
Also called 'Acoustic Analogy'. To obtain Lighthill's aeroacoustic analogy the governing Navier-Stokes equations are rearranged. The left hand side is a wave operator, which is applied to the density perturbation or pressure perturbation respectively. The right hand side is identified as the acoustic sources in a fluid flow, then. As Lighthill's analogy follows directly from the Navier-Stokes equations without simplification, all sources are present. Some of the sources are then identified as turbulent or laminar noise. The far-field sound pressure is then given in terms of a volume integral over the domain containing the sound source. The source term always includes physical sources and such sources, which describe the propagation in an inhomogeneous medium.
The wave operator of Lighthill's analogy is limited to constant flow conditions outside the source zone. No variation of density, speed of sound and Mach number is allowed. Different mean flow conditions are identified as strong sources with opposite sign by the analogy, once an acoustic wave passes it. Part of the acoustic wave is removed by one source and a new wave is radiated to fix the different wave speed. This often leads very large volumes with strong sources. Several modifications to Lighthill's original theory have been proposed to account for the sound-flow interaction or other effects. To improve Lighthill's analogy different quantities inside the wave operator as well as different wave operators are considered by following analogies. All of them obtain modified source terms, which sometimes allow a more clear sight on the "real" sources. The acoustic analogies of Lilley, Pierce, Howe and Möhring are only some examples for aeroacoustic analogies based on Lighthill's ideas. All acoustic analogies require a volume integration over a source term.
The major difficulty with the acoustic analogy, however, is that the sound source is not compact in supersonic flow. Errors could be encountered in calculating the sound field, unless the computational domain could be extended in the downstream direction beyond the location where the sound source has completely decayed. Furthermore, an accurate account of the retarded time-effect requires keeping a long record of the time-history of the converged solutions of the sound source, which again represents a storage problem. For realistic problems, the required storage can reach the order of 1 terabyte of data.
Kirchhoff integral
Kirchhoff and Helmholtz showed, that the radiation of sound from a limited source region can be described by enclosing this source region by a control surface - the so-called Kirchhoff surface. Then the sound field inside or outside the surface, where no sources are allowed and the wave operator on the left hand side applies, can be produced as a superposition of monopoles and dipoles on the surface. The theory follows directly from the wave equation. The source strength of monopoles and dipoles on the surface can be calculated if the normal velocity (for monopoles) and the pressure (for dipoles) on the surface are known respectively. A modification of the method allows even to calculate the pressure on the surface based on the normal velocity only. The normal velocity could be given by a FE-simulation of a moving structure for instance. However, the modification to avoid the acoustic pressure on the surface to be known leads to problems, when considering an enclosed volume at its resonant frequencies, which is a major issue of the implementations of their method. The Kirchhoff integral method finds for instance application in Boundary element methods (BEM). A non-zero flow velocity is accounted by considering a moving frame of reference with the outer flow speed, in which the acoustic wave propagation takes place. Repetitive applications of the method can account for obstacles. First the sound field on the surface of the obstacle is calculated and then the obstacle is introduced by adding sources on its surface to cancel the normal velocity on the surface of the obstacle. Variations of the average flow field (speed of sound, density and velocity) can be taken into account by a similar method (e.g. dual reciprocity BEM).
FW-H
The integration method of Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings is based on Lighthill's acoustic analogy. However, by some mathematical modifications under the assumption of a limited source region, which is enclosed by a control surface (FW-H surface), the volume integral is avoided. Surface integrals over monopole and dipole sources remain. Different from the Kirchhoff method, these sources follow directly from the Navier-Stokes equations through Lighthill's analogy. Sources outside the FW-H surface can be accounted by an additional volume integral over quadrupole sources following from the Lighthill Tensor. However, when considering the same assumptions as Kirchhoffs linear theory, the FW-H method equals the Kirchhoff method.
Linearized Euler Equations
Considering small disturbances superimposed on a uniform mean flow of density , pressure and velocity on x-axis , the Euler equations for a two dimensional model is presented as:
,
where
where , , and are the acoustic field variables, the ratio of specific heats , for air at 20 °C , and the source term on the right-side represents distributed unsteady sources.
The application of LEE can be found in engine noise studies.
For high Mach number flows in compressible regimes, the acoustic propagation may be influenced by non-linearities and the LEE may no longer be the appropriate mathematical model.
Pseudospectral
A Fourier pseudospectral time-domain method can be applied to wave propagation problems pertinent to computational aeroacoustics. The original algorithm of the Fourier pseudo spectral time domain method works for periodical problems without the interaction with physical boundaries. A slip wall boundary condition, combined with buffer zone technique to solve some non-periodical aeroacoustic problems has been proposed. Compared to other computational methods, pseudospectral method is preferred for its high-order accuracy.
EIF
Expansion about Incompressible Flow
APE
Acoustic Perturbation Equations
Refer to the paper "Acoustic Perturbation Equations Based on Flow Decomposition via Source Filtering" by R.Ewert and W.Schroder.
See also
Aeroacoustics
Acoustic theory
References
Sources
Lighthill, M. J., "A General Introduction to Aeroacoustics and Atmospheric Sounds", ICASE Report 92-52, NASA Langley Research Centre, Hampton, VA, 1992
External links
Examples in Aeroacoustics from NASA
Computational Aeroacoustics at the Ecole Centrale de Lyon
Computational Aeroacoustics at the University of Leuven
Computational Aeroacoustics at Technische Universität Berlin
A CAA lecture script of Technische Universität Berlin
Computational fluid dynamics
Acoustics
Aerodynamics
Mechanics
Computational fields of study | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational%20aeroacoustics |
Los Sánchez is a Mexican telenovela that started on September 20, 2004 and ended on January 13, 2006. It starred Luis Felipe Tovar, Martha Mariana Castro, Leticia Huijara, Libertad and Alejandro Bracho.
Los Sanchez is one of two Mexican versions of the Argentine telenovela Los Roldan; the other version being Una Familia Con Suerte.
Plot
Along the four seasons the Mexican audience knew about Tito Sánchez and his family, a very traditional Mexican family that suddenly becomes rich, when Mercedes Lozada, one of the richest women of Mexico, meets Tito Sánchez when she's trying to commit suicide and he saves her life, she is sick (cancer) and she's gonna die soon, so she thanks him and names him as the President of her company Lozada Corporation.
Sánchez lives with his sister in law, Yoli (Martha Mariana Castro) who is deeply in love with him but she's kept that as secret for so many years. Yoli's sister, so Tito's wife, died 6 years ago so Yoli helps Tito with his children: Leo, Hilda, María and Maxi and treats them as if they were her own kids. Tito also lives with his brother Raúl (better known as Laisa Libertad) who is homosexual and is always dressed as a woman, he also acts that way.
First season
When Tito and his family get rich, they move to a very nice house, they meet then their neighbours, the Uriarte family, they are Emilio (Alejandro Bracho), Charito (Leticia Huijara) and Facundo (Leo Rey). They always try to make Los Sánchez life impossible, but Emilio falls in love with Laisa, he's the only one who doesn't notice that Laisa is not a woman. Charito falls in love with Omar (María's boyfriend, he's considered as part of the Sánchez family and he's younger than Charito) and Facundo is in love with Hilda, one of Tito's daughter.
Tito meets Cecilia (Martha Christiana), a beautiful, elegant and smart woman and falls in love with her, Yoli gets very sad because Tito starts to prefer Cecilia and doesn't realize what Yoli feels, so Yoli decides to confess her feelings and tells Tito that she's in love with him, with no answer from his part...
Trying to forget, Yoli lives a romance with Paul Manzini (Luis Miguel Lombana) who is Emilio's best friend, he loves Yoli but after a month she ends that relationship for she can't forget Tito, finally Tito ends his relationship with Cecilia and gives a chance to Yoli, even when he's still in love with Cecilia.
The first season ends with the cancellation of Yoli and Tito's wedding, after Cecilia leaves pregnant, Cecilia never comes back again but Yoli doesn't want to marry Tito because she doesn't want him to suffer.
Second season
The story goes its way on the second season but at the end some characters don't appear anymore: Paul Manzini, Charito, Emilio and Facundo are some of them, this season ends with Tito and Yoli's wedding, when he finally accepts that he loves her and she tells him that she's pregnant.
Third season
The third season comes with a lot of fantasy on it, an angel that takes care of the family, new characters that don't catch the audience's attention anymore, so after a great success Los Sánchez ends with the traditional happy ending.
References
TV Azteca telenovelas
2004 telenovelas
2004 Mexican television series debuts
2006 Mexican television series endings
Mexican television series based on Argentine television series
Spanish-language telenovelas | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los%20S%C3%A1nchez |
Beer glassware comprise vessels made of glass, designed or commonly used for serving and drinking beer. Styles of glassware vary in accord with national or regional traditions; legal or customary requirements regarding serving measures and fill lines; such practicalities as breakage avoidance in washing, stacking or storage; commercial promotion by breweries; artistic or cultural expression in folk art or as novelty items or usage in drinking games; or to complement, to enhance, or to otherwise affect a particular type of beer's temperature, appearance and aroma, as in the case of its head.
Drinking vessels intended for beer are made from a variety of materials other than glass, including pottery, pewter, and wood.
International styles
Pilsner glass
A pilsner glass is used for many types of light beers, including pale lager or pilsner. Pilsner glasses are generally smaller than a pint glass, usually in , , , or sizes. In Europe, glasses are also common. They are tall, slender and tapered. The slender glass reveals the colour, and carbonation of the beer, and the broad top helps maintain a beer head.
Weizen glasses are sometimes mistakenly called pilsner glasses because they are somewhat similar in appearance, but true pilsner glasses have an even taper without any amount of curvature.
Pint glass
The definition of a pint differs by country, thus a pint glass will reflect the regular measure of beer in that country. In the UK, law stipulates that a serving of beer be fixed at the imperial pint (568 ml ≈ 1.2 US pints). Half-pint glasses of are generally smaller versions of pint glasses. Quarter-pint glasses of also exist, and are popular in Australia (now 140 ml from metrication), where they are known as a "pony". These may simply be smaller pint glasses, or may be a special pony glass. In the US, a pint is , but the volume is not strictly regulated and glasses may vary somewhat. Glasses of 500 ml are usually called pints in American parlance.
The common shapes of pint glass are:
Conical glasses are shaped, as the name suggests, as an inverted truncated cone around tall and tapering by about in diameter over its height.
The nonic, a variation on the conical design, where the glass bulges out a couple of inches from the top; this is partly for improved grip, partly to prevent the glasses from sticking together when stacked, and partly to give strength and stop the rim from becoming chipped or "nicked". The term "nonic" derives from "no nick".
Jug glasses, or "dimple mugs", are shaped more like a large mug with a handle. They are moulded with a grid pattern of thickened glass on the outside, somewhat resembling the segmentation of a WWII-era hand grenade. The dimples prevent the glass slipping out of the fingers in a washing-up bowl, and the design of the glass emphasises strength, also to withstand frequent manual washing. These design features became less important when manual washing was superseded by machine washing from the 1960s onwards. Dimpled glasses are now rarer than the other types and are regarded as more traditional. This sort of glass is also known as a "Handle" due to the handle on the glass. They are popular with the older generation and people with restricted movement in their hands which can make holding a usual pint glass difficult. They have recently started to make a renaissance, especially in northern Britain.
Connoisseur's glassware
Beer connoisseurs sometimes invest in special, non-traditional glassware to enhance their appreciation. An example was the range marketed by Michael "Beer Hunter" Jackson.
Snifters
Typically used for serving brandy and cognac, a snifter is ideal for capturing the volatiles of aromatic beers such as Double/Imperial IPAs, Belgian ales, barley wines and wheat wines. The shape helps trap the volatiles, while allowing swirling to agitate them and produce an intense aroma.
Taster glasses
Glasses holding 1/3 of a pint or less may be used to:
Try a beer in a pub or café before purchasing a full measure
Split a bottle of rare or strong beer between friends
Sample multiple beers without becoming inebriated. For instance a brewpub might provide a sampler of three different brews in pint measures; or a beer festival might provide small capacity glasses for patrons.
Plastic
Plastic beer vessels are usually shaped in imitation of whichever glasses are usual in the locality. They are mainly used as a substitute for glass vessels where breakages would be particularly problematic or likely, for instance at outdoor events.
German, Austrian, and Swiss styles
glasses
A glass is used to serve wheat beer. Originating in Germany, the glass is narrow at the bottom and slightly wider at the top; the width both releasing aroma, and providing room for the often thick, fluffy heads produced by wheat beer. It tends to be taller than a pint glass, and generally holds with room for foam or "head". In some countries, such as Belgium, the glass may be or .
Wheat beers tend to foam a lot, especially if poured quickly. In pubs, if the bottle is handed to the patron for self pouring, it is customary for the glass to be taken to the patron wet or with a bit of water in the bottom to be swirled around to wet the entire glass to keep the beer from foaming excessively.
Beer stein
Beer stein or simply "stein" ( ) has been for over a century an English expression for a traditional German beer mug made out of stoneware, whether simple and serviceably sturdy, or elaborately ornamental with either a traditionally cultural theme, or so embellished as to be sold as a souvenir or a collectible. The former may be made out of stoneware, but rarely the inferior earthenware or wood, while the latter is usually of glazed pottery, but often porcelain or pewter, or even silver or crystal. It may have either an uncovered mouth or a hinged pewter lid with a thumb-lever. The capacity of a German "stein" indicated by its fill line on its side ranged from "0.4l" (4 deci-litre), through "0.5l" (half a litre) or a full litre (or comparable historic sizes). Like decorative tankards, steins are often decorated in a culturally nostalgic, often German or Bavarian, theme. Some believe the lid that excludes flies from the beer today was originally intended for those so diseased in the age of the Black Plague.
Maßkrug
The Maß () is a quantity of beer, most commonly used in Bavaria and Austria. It is served in a Maßkrug (pl. Maßkrüge), which is sometimes simply referred to as a Maß. As a feminine noun, it is , though commonly confused with the grammatically neuter noun , meaning "measure". The unit of volume is typically used only for measuring beer sold for immediate on-site consumption. Because the Maß is a unit of measure, it can come in the form of a glass or stoneware mug.
The endurance sport of Maßkrugstemmen involves holding a filled, Maß at arm's length. The world record is 45minutes and 2seconds.
The high, narrow and cylindrical (German for "stick" or "rod", plural ) is traditionally used for . A , traditionally used for , is similar, though slightly shorter and fatter. The usually holds between , though larger ones are now sometimes used to reduce serving work. are carried by slotting them into holes in a special tray called a ("wreath").
Willibecher
The Willibecher or Willybecher ("Willi glass") is common in Germany. Its invention in 1954 is commonly attributed to an employee of Ruhrglas GmbH named Willy Steinmeier. It is characterized by its shape: conical to the top portion where it curves inward to converge back to the top of a smaller diameter opening. The Willibecher is produced in sizes of .
Beer boot
Boot- and shoe-shaped drinking vessels have been found at archaeological sites dating back to the bronze-age Urnfield cultures. Modern beer boots () have over a century of history and culture behind them. It is commonly believed that a general somewhere promised his troops to drink beer from his boot if they were successful in battle. When the troops prevailed, the general had a glassmaker fashion a boot from glass to fulfill his promise without tasting his own feet and to avoid spoiling the beer in his leather boot. Since then, soldiers have enjoyed toasting to their victories with a beer boot. At gatherings in Germany, Austria and Switzerland, beer boots are often passed among the guests for a festive drinking challenge. Since the movie Beerfest premiered in 2006, beer boots have become increasingly popular in the United States.
It is an old joke to hand the boot to a young novice drinker with the toe pointing away from his person, which will result in beer pouring over the drinker's face uncontrollably when air enters the toe; seasoned drinkers always point the toe towards their body until the glass is sufficiently drained.
Pilstulpe
The Pilstulpe ("Pilsner Tulip") or Biertulpe ("Beer tulip") is the traditional glass used for German pilsner beers. Sizes are typically around , but can be as large as . When used in restaurant settings, a small piece of absorbent paper is placed around the base to absorb any drips from spilling or condensation.
Gallery
Belgian and Dutch styles
Stronger or bottled beers are frequently served in specially-made, elaborately-branded glassware. In addition to the profusion of glasses provided by brewers, some Belgian beer cafés serve beer in their own "house" glassware.
Flute glass
A vessel similar to a champagne flute is the preferred serving vessel for Belgian lambics and fruit beers. The narrow shape helps maintain carbonation, while providing a strong aromatic front. Flute glasses display the lively carbonation, sparkling color, and soft lacing of this distinct style.
Goblet or Chalice
Chalices and goblets are large, stemmed, bowl-shaped glasses adequate for serving heavy Belgian ales, German bocks, and other big sipping beers. The distinction between goblet and chalice is typically in the glass thickness. Goblets tend to be thick, while the chalice is thin walled. Some chalices are even etched on the bottom to nucleate a stream of bubbles for maintaining a nice head.
Tulip glass
A tulip glass has a shape similar to a brandy snifter. The body is bulbous, like a snifter, but the top flares out to form a lip which helps head retention. It is recommended for serving Scottish ales, American double/imperial IPAs, barley wines, Belgian ales and other aromatic beers. Some pint glasses that taper outwards towards the top are also called tulip glasses, despite having noticeably less curvature.
Gallery
British and Irish styles
Tankard
A tankard is a form of drinkware consisting of a large, roughly cylindrical, drinking cup with a single handle. Tankards are usually made of silver, pewter, or glass, but can be made of other materials, for example wood, ceramic or leather. A tankard may have a hinged lid, and tankards featuring glass bottoms are also fairly common. Tankards are shaped and used similarly to beer steins. Metal tankards were popular in 18th and early 19th century Britain and Ireland, but were largely superseded by glass vessels. They are now seen as collector's items, or may be engraved and presented as a gift.
Wooden and leather tankards were popular before the 17th century, but being made of organic materials have rarely survived intact to the present day.
Yard of ale
A yard of ale or yard glass is a very tall glass used for drinking around of beer, depending upon the diameter. The glass is approximately long, shaped with a bulb at the bottom, and a widening shaft which constitutes most of the height.
The glass most likely originated in 17th-century England where the glass was known also as a "Long Glass", a "Cambridge Yard (Glass)" and an "Ell Glass". It is associated by legend with stagecoach drivers, though was mainly used for drinking feats and special toasts. (Compare with the Pauwel Kwak glass).
Drinking a yard glass full of beer is a traditional pub game. The fastest drinking of a yard of ale in the Guinness Book of Records is 5 seconds.
Capacity
Australian measures
Prior to metrication in Australia, one could buy beer in glasses of size 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 15 or 20 imperial fluid ounces. Each sized glass had a different name in each Australian state. These were replaced by glasses of size 115, 140, 170, 200, 285, 425 and 570 ml. Progressively, the differences are decreasing. In the 21st century, most pubs no longer have a glass smaller than 200 ml (7 imp fl oz); typically available are 200ml, 285ml and 425ml, and increasingly many pubs also have pints available.
See also
Beer bottle
Beer tower
Beerfest
References
External links
Drinking glasses | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beer%20glassware |
Panipat Refinery is an oil refinery located in Baholi, Panipat, Haryana, India. It was set up in 1998. Panipat Refinery is the seventh refinery belonging to Indian Oil Corporation Limited. It is one of South Asia's largest integrated petrochemicals plants. Panipat Refinery meets the demand of petroleum products of Haryana and of the entire North-West Region including Punjab, J&K, Himachal, Chandigarh, Uttaranchal state and part of Rajasthan & Delhi. It stands by Indian Oil vision to become a major, diversified, transnational, integrated energy company, with national leadership and a strong environment conscience, playing national role in oil security and public distribution. Bedgsing younger of the Indian Oil refineries it houses latest refining technologies from Axens; France, Haldor-Topsoe; Denmark, UOP; USA, Stone & Webster; USA and Delta Hudson-Canada, Dupont, USA and ABB Luumas. The original cost of the refinery's construction was Rs 3868 Crores. It commenced with a capacity of 6 million tonnes per year and has been recently augmented to 12 million tonnes per year at a cost of Rs 4165 Crores. The refinery is designed to handle both indigenous and imported crudes. It receives crude through the Salaya Mathura Pipeline which also supplies crude to Mathura and Baroda refineries.
Refining units
In addition to crude and vacuum distillation units, the major refining units are catalytic reforming unit, once-through Hydrocracker unit, Resid Fluidised Catalytic Cracking unit, visbreaker unit, delayed coking unit, bitumen blowing unit, hydrogen generation unit, sulphur block and associated auxiliary facilities. In order to produce low sulphur diesel, a Diesel Hydro Desulphurisation Unit (DHDS) was commissioned in 1999.
Petrochemical units
The refinery also houses PX-PTA units which were commissioned in June 2006. They produce paraxylene and PTA. PTA is a useful raw material for producing other commercial polymers. It produces Benzene as one of the by products.
Expanding its presence in petrochemical space, Indian Oil has commissioned a Naphtha Cracker Complex adjacent to Panipat refinery complex at a project cost of Rs 14439 Crores. It produces ethylene and propylene, which are further used to produce polymers like polypropylene, low/high-density polyethylene and monoethylene glycol
Panipat Refinery has been further augmented with an additional capacity of 3 million tonnes per year, taking the total capacity to 15 million tonnes per year. With Euro VI/BS 6 norms in place, Panipat Refinery is a large contributor of ultra low sulphur diesel for Indian Oil.
Highlights
The refinery's highlights include:
Zero discharge of effluent gases
The presence of four ambient air monitoring stations that were in place well before the refinery was in use
It is an eco-friendly refinery, as indicated by a green belt outside it
The establishment of a totally electronic-based communication system within the refinery
It has the lowest manpower of all refineries in the region with similar capacities
Quality certifications
Panipat Refinery holds several quality certifications from DNV, including:
ISO 9002
ISO 14001
OHSAS 18001
References
Oil refineries in India
Energy in Haryana
Panipat
Indian Oil Corporation
Companies based in Haryana
Indian Oil Corporation buildings and structures
1998 establishments in Haryana
Energy infrastructure completed in 1998
20th-century architecture in India | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panipat%20Refinery |
Lewin John Nyatanga (born 18 August 1988) is a Welsh former professional footballer who last played as a defender. He played for Derby County, Bristol City, Sunderland, Peterborough United, Northampton Town and Barnsley in his career. He has made 34 international appearances for the Wales national team, having previously held the record for the youngest player to represent the country when he made his international debut at the age of 17. In February 2018, it was reported that he had retired from football to focus on family life and is now a personal trainer.
Club career
Derby County
Nyatanga developed as a player through Derby's academy, signing professional terms for the club in August 2005 and making his senior debut in a League Cup tie against Grimsby Town, going on to feature in over half of Derby's league games during the 2005–06 season, primarily at centreback, scoring his first goal a 2–1 win over Stoke City.
Despite starting the 2006–07 season in the first team picture, Nyatanga lost his place in the first team and was loaned out to fellow Championship side Sunderland for four months in October 2006. Whilst at Sunderland, Nyatanga played left back due to an injury to Stephen Wright and Clive Clarke leaving on loan. Sunderland boss Roy Keane was reportedly interested in signing Nyatanga in a £1.5m move in January 2007. Derby manager Billy Davies said there was a possibility that Nyatanga could join Sunderland permanently, however, no bid was ever tabled by Sunderland.
Nyatanaga returned to Derby in January 2007, only to join Barnsley a month later on a three-month loan deal. Nyantanga helped the club to some vital wins during his time at Barnsley, including a surprise 1–0 win over promotion hopefuls Birmingham City and a vital 3–1 win away over relegation rivals Southend United. Nyantanga was recalled to Derby on 16 April after injury and suspension, respectively, to two key defenders in Michael Johnson and Darren Moore, left Derby with only one natural centre half. In his first game after returning to Derby he scored the winner against Luton Town on 20 April which sent Derby back into the automatic promotion places and relegated Luton. Nyatanga lost his place when Moore and Johnson returned, and was not in the 16 for the 2007 Playoff victory.
Nyatanga signed a new 4-year contract in the summer of 2007, and returned to Barnsley on a six-month loan shortly after. He formed an impressive partnership with Dennis Souza at the heart of Barnsley's defence, but was recalled by Derby in January 2008. On 19 January 2008, Nyatanga scored on his Premier League debut at Portsmouth in the 5th minute, which gave Derby a 1–0 lead, though Derby went on to lose the game 3–1 after a Benjani hat-trick. That was to be his only Premier League game of the season and his first of only 3 appearances for Derby that season, as he was sent back out on loan to Barnsley for the remainder of the 2007–8 season.
During the 2008–09 season, Nyatanga was initially out of the first team picture, behind Martin Albrechtsen and Dean Leacock. A season-ending injury to Leacock gave Nyatanga a chance to establish himself and he featured predominantly from November onwards, going on to make 30 league appearances, scoring once – the first in a 3–1 hammering of fierce local rivals Nottingham Forest. He also played in the League Cup semi final 1st leg against Manchester United, a game which Derby won 1–0.
Bristol City
On 14 July 2009, Nyatanga signed for Bristol City and agreed a four-year deal. He Scored his first goal for the club in a 2–2 draw with Newcastle United on 20 March 2010.
Nyatanga was injured during pre-season 2010–11, once recovered he was sent out on loan to Peterborough United to gain some match fitness.
Barnsley
On 9 July 2013, Nyatanga signed for Barnsley on a two-year deal following his departure from Bristol City.
On 8 August 2016, Nyatanga was loaned to Northampton Town for the season. Nyatanga was released from his Barnsley contract at the conclusion of the loan.
International career
Born in Burton upon Trent, Staffordshire, England, Nyatanga qualifies for Wales through parentage, having been born to a Zimbabwean father and a Welsh mother. Nyatanga holds the records for being the youngest captain and youngest player ever to play for the Welsh Under-21s. On 1 March 2006, aged 17 years and 195 days, he made his full international debut for Wales in a friendly match against Paraguay in Cardiff, breaking Ryan Green's record as the youngest ever Welsh international. Despite his inexperience, with only 17 first team appearances for Derby behind him, he played "a key role" in the goalless draw. Wales' match against Trinidad and Tobago in May 2006 marked Nyatanga's second international appearance and also saw his age record broken by 16-year-old teammate Gareth Bale. He has mostly been a regular and was recalled to the U-21 team to help them qualify for the 2009 European Championships but they narrowly lost 5–4 on aggregate to England in the play-offs. His most recent appearance for Wales came in a Nations Cup match versus the Republic of Ireland in February 2011, replacing Sam Ricketts late in the 3–0 defeat.
Career statistics
Club
International
Honours
Barnsley
EFL Trophy: 2015–16
Football League One play-offs: 2016
Individual
Derby County Young Player of the Year: 2005–06
Welsh Football Writer's Young Player of the Year: 2006
References
External links
1988 births
Living people
Footballers from Burton upon Trent
English men's footballers
Welsh men's footballers
Wales men's youth international footballers
Wales men's under-21 international footballers
Wales men's international footballers
Men's association football defenders
Derby County F.C. players
Sunderland A.F.C. players
Barnsley F.C. players
Bristol City F.C. players
Peterborough United F.C. players
Northampton Town F.C. players
English Football League players
Premier League players
English people of Welsh descent
English people of Zimbabwean descent
Welsh people of Zimbabwean descent
Black British sportsmen | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewin%20Nyatanga |
Daula may refer to
Daula (moth), a genus of moth
Daula (month), the first month of the Mandaean calendar
al-Dawla, an element in numerous honorific titles throughout the Islamic world
Daula, a village in Bagpat district, Uttar Pradesh, India
Daula, Sultanpur Lodhi, a village of Kapurthala district, Punjab State, India
Daula, or davula, a double-headed cylindrical drum in Sri Lanka
See also
Daulat (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daula |
The HPCL Mumbai refinery is one of the most complex refineries in the country, is constructed on an area of 321 acres. This versatile refinery which is the first of India's modern refineries, symbolizes the country's industrial strength and progress in the oil industry. Mumbai Refinery has grown over the years as the main hub of petroleum products. The refinery has reached to present level through several upgradation and restructuring processes.
History
The Mumbai Refinery was commissioned by Esso Standard in 1954, with an installed capacity of 1.25 million tonnes per year. The lube refinery, Lube India Ltd, was commissioned in 1969 with a capacity of 165 million tonnes per year of Lube Oil Base Stock (LOBS) production.
Crude processing capacity increased to 3.5 million tonnes per year during 1969. In 1974, the Government of India took over Esso and Lube India by the Esso (Acquisition of Undertakings in India) Act 1974 and formed HPCL.
Expansion of the fuels block was carried out by installing new 2 million tonnes per year crude units in 1985. A second expansion of Lube Refinery took place to increase the capacity of the refinery to 335 million tonnes per year, so far the largest in India. The installed capacity of the refinery was later enhanced to 6.5 million tonnes per year.
The current installed capacity of the refinery is 9.5 million tonnes per year
References
Buildings and structures in Mumbai
Oil refineries in India
1954 establishments in Bombay State
Economy of Mumbai
Energy in Maharashtra
Hindustan Petroleum
Hindustan Petroleum buildings and structures | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai%20Refinery%20%28HPCL%29 |
Visakhapatnam Refinery (officially: Visakh Refinery), is one of the two oil refineries of HPCL in India, the other being Mumbai Refinery. This was one of the first major industries of Visakhapatnam and first oil refinery on the East Coast. After the nationalisation, HPCL has transformed itself into a mega Public Sector Undertaking and it is second largest integrated oil company in India.
History of Visakha refinery
Visakha refinery was commissioned by Caltex Oil Refining (India) in 1957, with an installed capacity of 0.675million tonne per year.
The facility was acquired by the Government of India in 1976 and amalgamated with HPCL in 1978 by the CORIL-HPCL Amalgamation Order, 1978.
The refinery's capacity was increased to 4.5million tonne per year under the first major expansion project in 1985, known as Visakha Refinery Expansion Project-I (VREP-I).
Its refining capacity was increased to 7.5million tonne per year under VREP-II in 1999, and again to 8.3million tonne per year in 2010.
Visakh Refinery Modernisation Project (VRMP)
Visakh Refinery Modernisation Project (VRMP) is a brownfield expansion of the Visakh refinery located in Visakhapatnam, India. The project is being executed by the state-owned Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL).
VRMP will expand the refining capacity of the Visakh refinery from 8.3million tonne per year to 15million tonne per year, while enabling the production and distribution of Bharat Stage-VI (BS-VI)-compliant fuels.
BS VI is a new emission standard that will align India's motor vehicle regulations with European Union (EU) regulations for light-duty passenger cars and commercial vehicles, heavy-duty trucks and buses, and two-wheeled vehicles. The standard is due to be implemented in India from 2020.
The VRMP project is estimated to involve an investment of approximately $3.1bn and is scheduled for completion in 2020.
Details of Visakh Refinery Modernisation Project
HPCL received approval from the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (MoEFCC) for the VRMP in February 2016.
The expansion project is being carried out on an area adjacent to the east portion of the existing site.
The scope of the project consists of the installation of primary processing units such as a 9million tonne per year crude distillation unit (CDU) replacing one of the three existing CDUs, a 3.3million tonne per year vacuum gas oil hydrocracker and a 290,000 tonne per year naphtha isomerisation unit (NIU).
An additional 3.1million tonne per year solvent de-asphalting (SDA) unit, a 2.5million tonne per year slurry hydrocracker unit (SHCU) and a 96t/day propylene recovery unit (PRU) are also outlined in the plans.
Other auxiliary units being built under the project include two 113million tonne per year hydrogen generation units (HGUs), two 360t/day sulphur recovery units (SRUs) including tail gas treatment units (TGTUs), and a 36,000 tonne per year fuel gas pressure-swing adsorption (PSA) unit.
A 300t/h non-hydro-processing sour-water stripper (SWS-I), a 185t/h hydro-processing sour-water stripper (SWS-II), two 540t/h amine regeneration units (ARUs), a 112,000tonne per year sulphur recovery LPG treating unit will also be installe
Various existing units, including a naphtha hydro-treating unit, a continuous catalytic reformer and a diesel hydro-treating unit are also being revamped as part of the modernisation. Additionally, a duel fuel-powered captive power plant (CPP) built in 2003
The project will also involve the construction of a new utility system comprising a re-circulating sea cooling water system consisting of cooling tower cells and water pumps, as well as a demineralised water system featuring a new reverse osmosis (RO) system and water tanks.
Technology upgrades at Visakh refinery
VRMP will implement Honeywell UOP Penex™ process technology to produce a high-octane gasoline component called isomerate, and a Unicracking™ hydrocracking unit to produce cleaner burning diesel fuel.
The Penex employs high-activity isomerisation and benzene impregnation catalysts from Honeywell UOP.
Unicracking processes use highly effective catalysts to yield higher quantities of cleaner-burning fuels from a range of feedstock. The innovative configuration of the fractionation unit ensures effective separation of the products, while minimising capital costs and operating expenses.
The two processes will significantly increase the capability of the refinery to deliver petrol and diesel in compliance with the new BS-VI clean fuels standards.
"VRMP will expand the refining capacity of the Visakh refinery from 8.3million tonne per year to 15million tonne per year, while enabling the production of Bharat Stage-VI (BS-VI)-compliant fuels."
The planned integration of innovative technologies will also enhance gross margins of the refinery by generating high-value transportation fuels from low-value raw materials.
VRCFP (Visakh Refinery Clean Fuels Project)
This project was implemented by the Projects Department at Visakh Refinery. This project is essentially to produce fuels for environment improvement at an estimated cost of Rs 16352 million with an FE component of Rs 2525 million.
The project was approved by the Board on 30 April 2003. M/s EIL is the consultant for the project. Process licensors include M/s UOP, M/s Axens and M/s Belco.
References
Oil refineries in India
Economy of Visakhapatnam
Companies based in Visakhapatnam
Energy in Andhra Pradesh
1957 establishments in Andhra Pradesh
Indian companies established in 1957
Hindustan Petroleum
Hindustan Petroleum buildings and structures | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visakhapatnam%20Refinery |
Felix Otto (born 19 May 1966) is a German mathematician.
Biography
He studied mathematics at the University of Bonn, finishing his PhD thesis in 1993 under the supervision of Stephan Luckhaus.
After postdoctoral studies at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences of New York University and at Carnegie Mellon University, in 1997 he became a professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara. From 1999 to 2010 he was professor for applied mathematics at the University of Bonn, and currently serves as one of the directors of the Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Leipzig.
Honours
In 2006, he received the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,
which is the highest honour awarded in German research. In 2009, he was awarded a Gauss Lecture by the German Mathematical Society. In 2008 he became a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina.
References
DFG portrait
1966 births
Living people
20th-century German mathematicians
University of Bonn alumni
Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences alumni
Carnegie Mellon University alumni
Academic staff of the University of Bonn
University of California, Santa Barbara faculty
Studienstiftung alumni
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize winners
21st-century German mathematicians
Members of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
Max Planck Institute directors | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felix%20Otto%20%28mathematician%29 |
Mumbai Refinery came into stream in January 1955 under the ownership of Burmah-Shell Refineries Ltd. Following the Government's acquisition of the Burmah-Shell, name of the Refinery was changed to Bharat Refineries Limited on 1976. In August 1977, the company was given its permanent name, viz. Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL).
The installed capacity of 5.25 million tonnes per year was increased to 6 million tonnes per year in 1985. The present refining capacity of the refinery is 6.9 million tonnes per year. It was expanded to 12 million tonnes per year in a Refinery Modernization Project undertaken by the company. The project added CDU/VDU, HCU, LOBS, HGU units in additions to the required utilities such as DG, Salt Water Systems etc.
References
Oil refineries in India
Economy of Mumbai
Bharat Petroleum buildings and structures
1955 establishments in Bombay State | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumbai%20Refinery%20%28BPCL%29 |
Dave W. Longaberger (1934–1999) was an American businessman who founded the now-defunct Longaberger Company, which made handcrafted maple wood baskets and accessories and became notable in the Newark, Ohio area for the "Big Basket Building" that became the company headquarters in 1997. Dave had two daughters, Tami Longaberger, who was CEO of the Longaberger Company, and Rachel Longaberger Stukey, President of the Longaberger Foundation.
Longaberger grew up in a poor family of 14. He suffered from a stuttering problem and epilepsy, and did not graduate from High School until he was 21. He began his basket business in 1971.
Legacy
Longaberger was also a philanthropist, focusing on Dresden, Ohio. He gave millions of dollars to the local community and schools, and provided much-needed services to the community.
Longaberger was interested in history. Later, after he became prosperous, Longaberger undertook the restoration of many historic buildings in the Dresden, Ohio, area. Some of the buildings saved were:
The Captains House (1850),
The Dresden Hotel (early 20th century),
The Dresden Iron Mill (circa 1880),
The Dresden Woolen Mill (circa 1890),
The Prospect Place Estate (1856),
The Cox House, Trinway (circa 1900),
The Dresden railway station.
Additionally, Longaberger purchased and refurbished many other historic buildings on Main Street in Dresden, Ohio.
References
Deaths from kidney cancer
People with epilepsy
People from Dresden, Ohio
1999 deaths
1934 births
People associated with direct selling
20th-century American businesspeople | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave%20Longaberger |
Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited (CPCL), formerly known as Madras Refineries Limited (MRL), is a subsidiary of Indian Oil Corporation Limited which is under the ownership of Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas of the Government of India. It is headquartered in Chennai, India. It was formed as a joint venture in 1965 between the Government of India (GOI), Amoco and National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC), having a shareholding in the ratio 74%: 13%: 13% respectively. From the grassroots stage CPCL Refinery was set up with an installed capacity of 2.5 million tonnes per year in a record time of 27 months at a cost of without any time or cost overrun.
In 1985, Amoco disinvested in favour of GOI and the shareholding percentage of GOI and NIOC stood revised at 62% and 15.38% respectively. Later GOI disinvested 16.92% of the paid up capital in favor of Unit Trust of India, mutual funds, insurance companies and banks on 19 May 1992, thereby reducing its holding to 67.7%. The public issue of CPCL shares at a premium of 70 ( 90 to FIIs) in 1994 was oversubscribed to an extent of 27 times and added a large shareholder base of over 90000. As a part of the restructuring steps taken up by the Government of India, Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) acquired equity from GOI in 2000–01. Currently IOC holds 51.88% while NIOC continued its holding at wax and petrochemical feedstocks production facilities.
CPCL has two refineries with a combined refining capacity of 11.5 million tonnes per year. The Manali Refinery in Chennai has a capacity of 10.5 million tonnes per year and is one of the most complex refineries in India with fuel, lube, wax and petrochemical feedstocks production facilities. CPCL's second refinery is Nagapattnam Refinery located at Cauvery basin at Nagapattinam in Panagudi. This unit was set up in Nagapattinam with a capacity of 0.5 million tonnes per year in 1993 and later enhanced to 1.0 million tonnes per year. Now this 1.0 million tonnes per year refinery is being dismantled to increase its capacity to 9.0 million tonne per year with cost of this new project will be completed by 2022 and will boost the company growth further. The main products of the company are LPG, Motor Spirit, superior kerosene, aviation turbine fuel, high speed diesel, naphtha, bitumen, lube base stocks, paraffin wax, fuel oil, hexane and petrochemical feed stocks. The wax plant at CPCL has an installed capacity of 30,000 tonnes per annum, which is designed to produce paraffin wax for manufacture of candle wax, waterproof formulations and match wax. A propylene plant with a capacity of 17,000 tonnes per annum was commissioned in 1988 to supply petrochemical feedstock to neighbouring downstream industries. The unit was revamped to enhance the propylene production capacity to 30,000 tonnes per annum in 2004. CPCL also supplies LABFS to a downstream unit for the manufacture of liner alkyl benzene.
CPCL plays the role of a mother industry supplying feedstocks to the neighbouring industries in Manali. CPCL's products are marketed through IOCL. CPCL's products are mostly consumed domestically except naphtha, fuel oil and lubes which are partly exported.
CPCL has also made pioneering efforts in the field of energy and water conservation by setting up a wind farm and sewage reclamation and sea water desalination plants.
For the entire financial year 2021-22 (FY22), CPCL consolidated net profit was Rs 1,352 crore. Total Revenue for FY 2021-22 was Rs 60,074 crore.
CPCL's equity shares are listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange of India.
The production line has been affected multiple times due to nature's adversities in form of drought and excessive rains.
It is categorized as a Miniratna-I company by the government.
Controversies
It has been reported by environmentalists that CPCL is releasing Hydrogen Sulphide gas directly into atmosphere. However the claim has not been verified.
Product
List of public sector undertakings in India
References
External links
Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited website
Government-owned companies of India
Companies based in Chennai
Oil and gas companies of India
India–Iran relations
India
1985 establishments in Tamil Nadu
Companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India
Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chennai%20Petroleum%20Corporation |
The Nagapattnam Refinery also known as Cauvery Basin Refinery was the second oil refinery constructed by Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited. It is situated at Kaveri Basin at Nagapattinam. The initial unit was set up in Nagapattinam with a capacity of 0.5 million metric tonnes per annum in 1993 but later on in 2002 this was boosted to 1 million metric tonnes per annum. LPG is separated out in a gas treating unit built in 1996.
References
Oil refineries in India
Companies based in Tamil Nadu
Energy in Tamil Nadu
Indian Oil Corporation buildings and structures
1993 establishments in Tamil Nadu
Energy infrastructure completed in 1993
Buildings and structures in Nagapattinam district
20th-century architecture in India | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagapattnam%20Refinery |
Jürgen Gauß (Juergen Gauss) is a German theoretical chemist.
Gauß was born on 13 August 1960 in Konstanz. He studied chemistry at the University of Cologne from 1979 till 1984. After finishing his PhD thesis on abinitio calculations at the University of Cologne in 1988, he did postdoctoral studies at the University of Washington in Seattle and at the University of Florida in Gainesville about quantum theory. He did his habilitation in 1994 at the University of Karlsruhe on abinitio calculations of NMR-shifts. In 1995, he became professor at the University of Mainz.
In 2005, he received the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, which is the highest honour awarded in German research.
References
Portrait at the Deutschen Forschungsgesellschaft
1960 births
Living people
University of Cologne alumni
University of Washington alumni
University of Florida alumni
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology alumni
Academic staff of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
21st-century German chemists
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize winners
People from Konstanz
Computational chemists
20th-century German chemists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen%20Gau%C3%9F |
The Cíes Islands (; ) are an archipelago off the coast of Pontevedra in Galicia, Spain, in the mouth of the Ria de Vigo. They were declared a Nature Reserve in 1980 and are included in the Atlantic Islands of Galicia National Park (Parque Nacional Marítimo-Terrestre das Illas Atlánticas de Galicia) created in 2002.
The archipelago
The Cíes consist of three islands, Monteagudo ("Sharp Mount" or North Island), do Faro ("Lighthouse Island", or Illa do Medio, "Middle Island") and San Martiño ("Saint Martin" or South Island).
Monteagudo is separated from the Morrazo peninsula by the North Canal while San Martiño is separated from the coast of Santoulo cape (mount Ferro) by the Freu da Porta Strait. The Do Faro island is linked to the North island by an accumulation of sand long known as Rodas beach, in the eastern side of the island. During high tide the sea flows between the islands in the western side and, blocked by the beach it fills the lagoon between the sandy area and the rocks. The highest peak is the Alto das Cíes () in Monteagudo.
The islands formed by the end of the Tertiary, when some parts of the coast sank, creating the rías ("estuaries"). All three islands are the peaks of the coastal mountains now partially under the sea and are formed mainly of granitic rock.
The land is mountainous with rough, nearly vertical cliffs of more than on the western side, and numerous caves (furnas) formed by erosion from the sea and the wind. The eastern side is less steep, covered by woods and bushes and protected from the Atlantic winds, allowing the formation of beaches and dunes.
Atlantic squalls pass over the islands, unloading as they collide with the coast. Therefore, the Cíes receive more or less half of the rain than the rest of the Rías Baixas.
Nature reserve
Due to the high natural value of this area and to the deterioration it was suffering by human activity, it was declared a Nature Reserve in 1980. The level of legal protection varied until November 21, 2000, when the Galician Parliament unanimously agreed to apply for the status of National Park to the central Government. The Spanish Congress of Deputies signed a definite agreement in June 2002, creating the National Land-Marine Park of the Atlantic Islands of Galicia, formed by a number of archipelagos, islands and cays, namely the Cíes, Ons, Sálvora, , Vionta, Cortegada Island and the .
The marine part of the Park is measured as a 100-meter-wide strip from the shore in low tide. Since 1992, underwater fishing is forbidden in the islands. National Parks are nature areas nearly untransformed by human activity that, based on their landscape, geological or ecosystems possess aesthetic, ecologic, educative or scientific values worth of special protection. Therefore, the activities that alter or endanger the stability of the ecosystem are forbidden. Some traditional activities (like traditional fishing) are allowed as long as they are compatible with the environment and the preservation of natural resources.
Since 1988, the Islands have a status of ZEPA (Zona de Especial Protección para las Aves, Spanish for Special Protection Area for Birds), and they are included in the Natura 2000 network, which develops European Union Directives in relation to habitats and birds.
It contains one of the main colonies of the yellow-legged gull.
The ZEPAs are protected mainly to avoid pollution and general deterioration of the places used by birds permanently or during their migrations.
Tourism
In summer, boats link Monteagudo with the ports of Vigo, Baiona and Cangas.
There is a camping area but permissions have to be reserved at the Vigo port.
A supermarket, a visitor center and a restaurant cater for visitors.
There are no waste bins on the islands.
Visitors are required to take their litter back to the mainland. The Cíes Islands are composed of nine beaches with fine white sand and clear waters. In February 2007 the British newspaper The Guardian chose the beach of Rodas, on the island of Monteagudo, as "the best beach in the world." "Galegos come here to spend long, lazy summer days on the Praia das Rodas, a perfect crescent of soft, pale sand backed by small dunes sheltering a calm lagoon of crystal-clear sea", says the magazine. In 2022, the island was chosen by the New York Times, as one of the 52 Places for a Changed World, due to its efforts "to protect its environment and guard against overtourism".
Flora
The scrubland is formed mainly of autochthonous species, like gorse, broom, asparagus, spurge flax (Thymelaea) or rockrose (Cistaceae).
The woodland has suffered bigger alterations, since most endemic species like the common fig or the pyrenaean oak (Quercus pyrenaica) are now reduced to symbolic representation by the reforestation of nearly one fourth of the surface with pine trees and eucalyptus. On the other hand, the strong winds with a high content in salt act as barrier in the development of the trees.
Some rare and representative coastal species do grow in the dunes, beaches and cliffs under very extreme climatic conditions, as the sea pink (Armeria pungens; in galician herba de namorar or "love plant"), locally endangered, and an important number of camariñas (galician common name for Corema album), an endemic species from the Iberian Peninsula western coast.
Typically marshland flora (like rushes) grow in the area of the lagoon.
Fauna
There is a large colony of seagulls, about 22,000 pairs, and they are the dominant species in Cíes. A census in 1960 counted 400 pairs of Iberian guillemots (Uria aalge albionis), a species now almost extinct on the islands. Other species include birds of prey, pigeons, petrels, pelicans, doves, woodpeckers and other types of bird, which nest in trees and cliffs. Also, there are a variety of birds wintering or resting on their migratory journeys here. In the Alto da Campa (Illa do Faro) and in the Faro do Peito (San Martiño), there are ornithological observatories. The waters around the islands are rich in biodiversity, attracting whales, dolphins, and sharks including blue sharks and basking sharks.
Life and seabed
The underwater area surrounding the Cíes forms one of the richest ecosystems on the Galician coast. The most remarkable thing is an important forest of brown algae.
The perimeter of the islands has different types of environments: the cliffs, exposed to strong waves, are populated by barnacles and mussels. In its underwater part, very rocky, you can find crabs, spider crabs, lobsters and octopuses. On the beaches of the most protected areas there are many bivalve molluscs, as well as turbot, plaice and sole. The rocky but protected areas of the interior of the islands are populated by true forests of anemones and numerous sea urchins.
The waters surrounding the Cíes are usually visited by dolphins, whales and sea turtles.
The water circulation system that enters and leaves the Galician estuaries and the mixture of fresh and salt water favor the concentration of nutrients and microorganisms that are a source of food for the rest of the marine species.
Archaeological remains can also be observed on these seabeds.
References
Archipelagoes of the Atlantic Ocean
Archipelagoes of Spain
National parks of Spain
Special Protection Areas of Spain
Landforms of Galicia (Spain)
Protected areas of Galicia (Spain) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%ADes%20Islands |
The Allegheny County Courthouse in downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, is part of a complex (along with the old Allegheny County Jail) designed by H. H. Richardson. The buildings are considered among the finest examples of the Romanesque Revival style for which Richardson is well known.
The complex is bordered by wide thoroughfares named for city founders James Ross (Ross Street), John Forbes (Forbes Avenue) and James Grant (Grant Street). The current building, completed in 1888, was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1976. Richardson later referred to it as his "great achievement".
Early structures
Pittsburgh's original courthouse, first occupied in 1794, was a wooden structure located on one side of Market Square. The Pennsylvania Supreme Court and from December 7, 1818, until 1841 the Western District of Pennsylvania also held court sessions at Market Square.
Land for a new courthouse was purchased in April 1834. This was a tract of land on the corner of Forbes Avenue and Grant Street, on Grant's Hill. Construction took place between 1836 and 1840. This court house was built with polished gray sandstone, quarried at Coal Hill (present-day Mount Washington), opposite Water Street along the Monongahela River. The building was designed by John Chislett. The Greek Revival design included a domed cupola housing a rotunda in diameter and high. The building was completed in 1841. The building's second floor again served as the headquarters for both the Commonwealth Supreme Court Pittsburgh region and the Federal Western District, serving the latter until a new U.S. Customs House/Post Office opened on Fifth and Smithfield in 1853. Due to corrosion caused by coal smoke, the building deteriorated: the dressed surface of the facade dropped off, some of the cornices near the roof began to fall, and the building had a scaly appearance. On May 7, 1882, a fire broke out and ruined the building. Subsequently, it was demolished. The third, and present, courthouse was erected on the same spot.
Current structure
Following the destruction of the second courthouse, Allegheny County Commissioners decided to hold a competition to design a replacement. The winner of the competition was Boston architect Henry Hobson Richardson and construction of the buildings was begun by the Norcross Brothers, Richardson's construction firm of choice, in 1884. The cornerstone for the building was laid on October 13, 1884.
The design of the main building, which Richardson considered to be his finest, was innovative in that the building is built around an interior courtyard, thus allowing natural light and fresh air to reach most of the building. The courtyard is surrounded by four stories in three sides. A tower rises five stories from the courtyard's open side. As was usually the case with Richardson's buildings, the roof is steep with dormers placed at all the corners.
A prison is connected to the courthouse via the "Bridge of Sighs". The design was based on the Bridge of Sighs in Venice. The entire complex was built of large rusticated blocks of granite, with the entrance ways and windows topped with wide arches. This gives the building a heavy, stable and dignified appearance.
In the 1900s the street level in front of the building was lowered as part of a general re-grading of Pittsburgh. Richardson had anticipated this and courses of finished masonry had been buried underground, now to be revealed. This left the ceremonial entrance a full story above the street. A grand stairway was built, but removed during street widening in the 1930s- the low arched doorways were extended downwards to street level, with the result that the visitor is not greeted by the grand entrance hall Richardson planned, but by the low corridors which were once the basement.
Muralist Vincent Nesbert completed five murals for the building on its first floor in 1937: "Industry", "Justice", "Peace", "Fort Duquesne" and "The Battle of Grant's Hill."
In 1973, the building was placed on the National Register of Historic Places. In 1976, it was designated a National Historic Landmark.
A new jail was built by Allegheny County in 1995 near the Allegheny River. The old jail underwent a transformation to become the Family Division of the Allegheny County Court of Common Pleas. The conversion, which cost approximately $25 million and took two years to complete, aimed to retain key elements of the jail like the rotunda, the cell blocks, and the warden's office. A part of the old cell block is now home to the Old Allegheny County Jail Museum, exhibiting jail history and artifacts.
The restoration work involved asbestos removal, new plumbing and electrical systems installation, air conditioning addition, and new offices and courtrooms creation. It also encompassed the preservation of the historic elements like the stone facade, the ironwork, and the stained glass windows. The conversion project earned multiple awards for adaptive reuse and historic preservation, including the National Trust for Historic Preservation Honor Award in 2002 and the American Institute of Architects Pittsburgh Chapter Award in 2001.
Legacy and impact
The design of the Allegheny County Courthouse has influenced buildings in many cities across North America, such as Toronto City Hall, Minneapolis City Hall, the Milwaukee Federal Building, Altgeld Hall on the campus of the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign and James W. McLaughlin's Wayne County Courthouse in Richmond, Indiana.
In 2007, the American Institute of Architects asked Harris Interactive to survey 2,000 people, who were shown 247 photographs of buildings and other structures in different categories chosen by 2,500 architects. The Allegheny County Courthouse was ranked 35th overall on the list and above every other courthouse in the nation except the United States Supreme Court Building.
In popular culture
Several big-budget films have portrayed the Courthouse. Striking Distance and Hoffa primarily used interior shots, while Desperate Measures and
The Next Three Days used both interior and exterior shots, with Boys on the Side and Mrs. Soffel featuring the Ross Street side of the complex and the "Bridge of Sighs".
Gallery
See also
List of state and county courthouses in Pennsylvania
References
External links
Allegheny County Courthouse and Jail Architectural Records, 1883-1948, AIS.1980.20, Archives Service Center, University of Pittsburgh
Smoke Control Lantern Slide Collection, University of Pittsburgh Archives Service Center, AIS.1978.22, Digital Research Library
Further reading
"Pittsburgh, The Story of an American City", 5th edition, Stefan Lorant, Esselmont Books, LLC., Pittsburgh, PA, 1999.
Kvaran, Einar Einarsson, Pilgrimage to H.H. Richardson, unpublished manuscript
Ochsner, Jeffrey Karl, H.H. Richardson:Complete Architectural Works, MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1984
Van Rensselaer, Mariana Griswold, Henry Hobson Richardson and His Works, Dover Publications, NY, 1969, a reprint of the 1888 edition
Van Trump, James Denholm, Majesty of the Law: Court Houses of Allegheny County, Pittsburgh History & Landmarks Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 1988
County courthouses in Pennsylvania
National Historic Landmarks in Pennsylvania
Courthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
Henry Hobson Richardson buildings
Government buildings in Pittsburgh
City of Pittsburgh historic designations
Pittsburgh History & Landmarks Foundation Historic Landmarks
Richardsonian Romanesque architecture in Pennsylvania
Government buildings completed in 1888
Towers completed in 1888
Bell towers in the United States
Towers in Pennsylvania
Tourist attractions in Pittsburgh
Historic American Buildings Survey in Pennsylvania
Skyscrapers in Pittsburgh
Skyscraper office buildings in Pennsylvania | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegheny%20County%20Courthouse |
Gurunath is a commonly used term when praising what is considered by devotees the ultimate source of compassion, love and truth - irrespective of sectarian divides whether they may be devotees of Shiva, the Lord of Transformation in the Hindu pantheon (Shaivaite) or of Vishnu, the Lord of Preservation and Sustenance in the Hindu pantheon (Vaishnav) or any other devotee (bhakta) of a Hindu God or Goddess.
The first part of the refrain "Bolo Sri Sat Gurunath Maharaj ki" is chanted by the leader of the kirtan, bhajan, devotional chanting of religious scriptures or highly devotional compositions made by individuals respectively, or devotional discourse. Then the congregation responds in unison with "Jai!". This refrain, which is normally chanted at the end of a bhajan or kirtan, may be translated from Sanskrit as "Say/Chant/Proclaim ("Bolo") the name of the Spiritual Mentor who is the essence of Truth ("Sri Sat Guru") who is Lord ("Nath") and King ("Maharaj")..."Yes!""
Spiritual title
Gurunath is also a spiritual title given to a householder Nath Guru by Shri Gurudev Mahendranath, who wrote that he had coined the term in 1986: "So I have coined a word—Gurunath ... This word can be the Western term for the same thing as Gurudev and it circumvents any religious or Eastern connections."
Shri Gurudev Mahendranath bestowed this title on at least two members of his lineage, Shri Gurunath Lokanath (1986) and Shri Gurunath Kapilnath (1989).
Name
Gurunath is a family name and a given name for males in India and Bangladesh. Some notable persons named Gurunath include:
Gurunath Aabaji Kulkarni (1923–1987) - a short story writer in Marathi
Gurunath Sengupta (1848–1914) - a Sanskrit scholar and writer from Bangladesh
Gurunath Vidyanidhi (1862–1931) - a Sanskrit scholar, writer and poet from Bangladesh
See also
Lineage
Guru
Guru–shishya tradition
Parampara
Sampradaya
Lineage (Buddhism)
List of Hindu gurus
Lifestyle
Akhara
Apprenticeship
Chillum
Darshan
Gurukula
Kaupinam
Kacchera
Langota
Others
Aghori
Charismatic authority
Godman
Guru Gita
Hindu reform movements
Lama
Lifestyle guru
Nath
Religious conversion
Shramana
Sikh gurus
Sifu
Sensei
Notes
References
Shri Gurudev Mahendranath|Mahendranath, Shri Gurudev in The Open Door. International Nath Order. Retrieved March 8, 2006
Surnames of Indian origin
Indian masculine given names
Masculine given names | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurunath |
The Land Before Time X: The Great Longneck Migration is a 2003 direct-to-video animated adventure musical drama film and the tenth film in the The Land Before Time series.
Plot
Littlefoot has an ominous "sleep story" (dream) where he sees the "Great Circle" (the sun) falling out of the sky, and when he mentions it to his grandparents, they reveal they are sharing the same experience, with his grandpa lamenting that they need to go somewhere. Littlefoot explains his situation to his friends and they become interested. Led only by their instinct, they leave the next day. Out of curiosity, Cera, Spike, Ducky, and Petrie follow them. During their trek, Littlefoot is nearly eaten by a Sarcosuchus while playing in a swamp, but a Supersaurus named Sue saves his life by stepping on the predator and joins him and his grandparents, as she is driven on by the same sense as them. They are soon joined by dozens of other Longnecks feeling the same instincts. Meanwhile, Littlefoot's friends are attacked by the Sarcosuchus in the same swamp that Littlefoot and his grandparents passed through, but they manage to escape. That night, they sleep next to what appears to be a large boulder. The next morning, they discover that the "boulder" was a sleeping gray Daspletosaurus, which wakes up and chases them. They escape into a small cave and meet Pat, an elderly Apatosaurus.
Littlefoot, his grandparents, and Sue reach a large crater where hundreds of Longnecks have gathered. There, he meets his long-lost father, Bron, for the first time. Bron tells Littelfoot how he was separated from Littlefoot's mother during the great "earthshake" (earthquake) in the first film. During his wanderings in search of Littlefoot, Bron became the leader of a herd of longnecks and the guardian to a young, mischievous Brachiosaurus, Shorty, who becomes jealous of Littlefoot taking all of his father's attention. Meanwhile, Pat tells Littlefoot's friends that the Longnecks are being driven by a tradition involving a solar eclipse, which was taken as a sign that the sun will be sent crashing down into the Earth by the "Night Circle" (the moon). Every solar eclipse, Longnecks from all around the world gather in one location to stretch their necks up and "catch" the sun, so they can propel it back up into the sky. Soon after, Pat steps into a pool of lava, which burns his leg badly, but he is still able to move as they escape the lava field.
On the day of the eclipse, Littlefoot wakes up to see Shorty traveling over the crater walls and running away, out of spite for being ignored by Bron. He catches up to Shorty and convinces him to stay; they reconcile and agree to see themselves as brothers. Moments later, Littlefoot's friends appear, with a brown Daspletosaurus pursuing them. Pat defends the children but is slowed down by his burned leg. Bron rushes to their aid and is able to temporarily knock out the Sharptooth, then a third green Daspletosaurus and the gray Daspletosaurus arrive. Littlefoot's grandparents join in the fight and defeat the green Sharptooth. Bron fights the brown Sharptooth again while Pat fights the grey one. As soon as all three Sharpteeth are defeated, the eclipse begins, and the sudden darkness forces the Sharpteeth to retreat towards the end.
Littlefoot, his grandparents, Bron, Shorty, Sue, and Pat take their place among the other Longnecks, who have all gathered on top of the crater walls. They succeed in "catching" the sun, and everyone rejoices as the eclipse ends. With their mission completed, the different Longneck herds depart on their separate ways. Sue departs with an Ultrasaurus. Littlefoot's friends ask Pat to come live with them in the Great Valley, which he accepts. Littlefoot is initially hesitant in leaving Bron, as he is the leader of a migratory herd, but he eventually realizes that he belongs in the Great Valley. Accepting this, Bron leaves with Shorty and his herd, promising to keep in touch with Littlefoot and visit him. Littlefoot returns to the Valley with his friends, grandparents, and Pat.
Voice cast
Alec Medlock as Littlefoot
Kiefer Sutherland as Bron
Kenneth Mars as Grandpa Longneck
Miriam Flynn as Grandma Longneck
Aria Curzon as Ducky
Jeff Bennett as Petrie
Rob Paulsen as Spike
Anndi McAfee as Cera
Brandon Michael DePaul as Shorty
James Garner as Pat
Bernadette Peters as Sue
John Ingle as Narrator / Topsy
Dee Bradley Baker as Belly dragger / sharpteeth pack
Production
The film is known internationally as "The Great Migration", rather than "The Great Longneck Migration". It was the first film in the series to use fully computer-generated dinosaurs.
Aspect ratio
Even though this film was presented in full screen on DVD worldwide (since that is what aspect ratio the film was created in), the film is matted to anamorphic widescreen (cropping the top and bottom of the image) on a Hebrew DVD in Israel.
Marketing
The film was the subject of a massive marketing push for Universal. Prior to the release of Journey to Big Water, Universal orchestrated a yearlong 15th anniversary promotion between the release of the 9th and 10th entries including DVD re-releases of previous franchise entries, "Land Before Time" events at Universal theme parks, introducing merchandise like a "Land Before Time" ear thermometer and creating a club named after lead character Littlefoot with newsletters and activities.
Music
The music was scored by Michael Tavera with additional music composed by Stephen Coleman. This was the first film in the series that did not use James Horner's original score.
All tracks are written by Michele Brourman and Amanda McBroom.
Release
December 2, 2003 (VHS and DVD)
September 19, 2006 (DVD - 2 Tales of Discovery and Friendship)
August 5, 2008 (Carrying Case DVD with Fun Activity Book - 2 Tales of Discovery and Friendship - Universal Watch on the Go)
Reception
The Great Longneck Migration received nominations for "Best Animated DVD Premiere Movie" and "Best Original Song" at the 2003 DVD Exclusive Awards, losing to 101 Dalmatians II: Patch's London Adventure and Run Ronnie Run!, respectively.
See also
List of films featuring dinosaurs
List of films featuring eclipses
References
External links
2003 direct-to-video films
Direct-to-video sequel films
The Land Before Time films
2003 animated films
2003 films
Films directed by Charles Grosvenor
Films scored by Michael Tavera
Universal Animation Studios animated films
Universal Pictures direct-to-video animated films
2000s American animated films
Films about volcanoes
Animated films about dinosaurs
2000s children's animated films
Animated films about friendship
2000s English-language films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Land%20Before%20Time%20X%3A%20The%20Great%20Longneck%20Migration |
Yogiraja () is a title of Shiva, meaning "King of Yoga." It is also an honorific often given to an advanced yogi, especially a teacher of yoga.
Forms of Shiva | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yogiraja |
Lance Corporal Jack Jones is a fictional Home Guard platoon lance corporal and veteran of the British Empire, first portrayed by Clive Dunn in the BBC television sitcom Dad's Army. His catchphrases are "Don't panic!", "Permission to speak, sir?" and "They don't like it up 'em!". Jones also often recounts his past military experiences particularly those in Sudan and India and gives a glimpse to the military traditions and events in the concluding years of the 19th century.
Fictional biography
The backstory invented for Jones suggests that he was born in 1870 in Walmington-on-Sea, the son of George Jones, who by the start of World War II is the 88-year-old caretaker of the Peabody Museum of Historical Army Weapons. In "The Showing Up of Corporal Jones", when Major Regan asks him his age, Jones replies sixty, but tells Captain Mainwaring later in the same episode his actual age, which is seventy. Jack Jones joined the army as a drummer boy in 1884; thereafter, he served in five military campaigns – the Gordon Relief Expedition to the Sudan (1884–1885), the Anglo-Egyptian Reconquest of the Sudan (1896–1899), the Boer War (1899–1901), where after that he was promoted to Lance Corporal, and the First World War (1914–1918) (declaring in "The Deadly Attachment" that, "I haven't had this much fun since I was in the trenches in 1916!"). Occasionally he mentions fighting the Pathans on the North-West Frontier (his medal ribbons imply service on the Frontier in 1895-98 and 1908). In the episode "The Two and a Half Feathers" he mentions that he served in the Royal Warwickshire Regiment, while in "The Bullet Is Not for Firing" he startles his khaki clad colleagues by appearing at a court of enquiry in the pre-1914 scarlet and blue full dress uniform of the regiment, complete with two rows of medals.
During his service on the Western Front, he says that he was known as the Mad Bomber, due to his inclination to throw grenades madly. He was invalided out of the army in 1915 because of his poor eyesight, as he said in the first episode "The Man and the Hour". Ιn the same episode he mentions that the last 14 years of his career he was a Lance Corporal. So it means that he was promoted to this rank in 1901, after the Boer War. He also claims that he once formed part of a Guard of Honour for Queen Victoria. During the episode "Battle of the Giants!" Jones gets an attack of malaria, which he probably picked up during his service in Africa. Despite his advanced age, Jones reveals that both his parents are still alive and well. It is also stated in the episode "Room at the Bottom", that Jones is a member of the Royal Antediluvian Order of Buffaloes.
At the outbreak of the Second World War, Jones was working as the town butcher. (The address of his shop was mentioned in the episode "A Brush with the Law" as being 19 High Street, Walmington-on-Sea.) He was so keen to join the Local Defence Volunteers that, despite his age (70), Captain Mainwaring instantly appointed him as the platoon's lance corporal. However, it is suggested that Jones' ability to provide off-the-ration meat may have had rather more to do with this decision than his physical and mental abilities, which were declining somewhat due to his age. His vision, for example, was so poor that when signing up for duty, he initially signed the table instead of the form.
In many episodes, Jones fondly recalls his participation in the Battle of Omdurman in the Sudan, facing the "Fuzzy Wuzzies" under the command of General Kitchener. As an aged veteran, he is extremely fond of bayonet warfare ("the cold steel"), and usually meets any queries about this with the assertion that "they don't like it up 'em!", a phrase which writer Jimmy Perry remembered an old campaigner using, during his own service in the Home Guard.
It is also noted that Jones once kept wicket behind the great cricketer Ranjitsinhji, who was "an Indian gentleman and upstanding man" until he "whipped his bails off".
Age and health
It is a bit of a puzzle as to how old Jones is. In the fifth episode of series one ("The Showing Up of Corporal Jones"), he tells Major Regan (who is inspecting the platoon) that he is sixty years old. Yet later in the same episode, he tells Captain Mainwaring that he is "only" seventy. But in the last episode of series four ("Fallen Idol"), he says that he is not sixty yet. Yet Walker says that due to all of the military activities Jones keeps claiming that he took part in, he must be over ninety. Jones contracted malaria during his military service in the Egypt and the Sudan in the Season 4 Episode 14 extended Christmas special "Battle of the Giants!" he gets a bout of it and says he had it for nearly forty years.
Character traits
Jones is known for a number of eccentric traits, such as using long, rambling explanations and anecdotes whenever he wants to make a point. He is also invariably one step behind the rest of the platoon in any drill manoeuvre. This is apparently a trait he has had throughout his military career; a fellow veteran, named George Clarke, remembered Jones by this trait in the series 4 episode "The Two and a Half Feathers." Only twice was Jones witnessed to be in step with the platoon, once after a whole year's practice; but he quickly reverted to form. The next time was when the whole platoon took the extra second Jones always does to respond to make them look orderly. He often makes far-fetched suggestions, such as advising that they chop off the German prisoners' trouser buttons, on the grounds that if they escaped, a group of men walking through the town with their trousers around their ankles might cause people to "raise some inquiries". Every time, Jones' suggestions are soundly refuted by Mainwaring with a curt "I think you're wandering into the realms of fantasy, Jones." Jones is notably brave, eagerly volunteering for even the most suicidal of missions: for example, when the platoon was discussing torture, he declared loudly and excitedly that the platoon should torture him to see what they were up against. In this instance he failed to calm down when grabbed by other members of the platoon, only returning to normal after being slapped by Frazer. Jones uses odd turns of phrase such as "It would be more tasty for us to tell him" (instead of "tasteful"), and "I would go through fire and brimstone and treacle for you, sir".
Despite his advanced years and physical failings, Jones is extremely excitable and active. Whenever action or danger is imminent he becomes near-hysterical and runs around frantically shouting, "Don't panic! DON'T PANIC!" at the top of his voice (usually at some inappropriate moment, such as when holding an armed landmine or hand grenade) until someone manages to calm him down to a state in which he is useful. This is often not evidence of fear, however, but of extreme eagerness: a courageous man, Jones is always the first to volunteer for any activity (regardless of any potential danger) and is extremely keen when doing so: he is known to sulk if someone else is chosen (the one time he did not volunteer, Frazer accused him of only volunteering to impress Captain Mainwaring – who was not with them – and infuriated Jones into volunteering after all). If awoken suddenly from sleep, or if someone tries to take his bayonet, Jones will attempt to strangle the culprit, for which he profusely apologises afterwards.
In one episode, "The Two and a Half Feathers" Jones has to confront his past when a former comrade from the Sudan, Private Clarke, joins the Walmington-on-Sea platoon. Clarke accuses Jones of leaving him to die, following an incident many years before in which both men were attacked and kidnapped by dervishes. After his courage is doubted by the town and the platoon, Jones later vindicates himself with the true story of what happened (which he had nobly held back to spare a third party unnecessary pain or scandal). After Jones reveals the truth, Clarke later flees without explanation, leaving Jones' honour and respect intact.
The platoon uses Jones' delivery van as transport and improvised IFV for their manoeuvres. Jones is very proud of his van, and is often reluctant to allow various modifications needed for the platoon's activities. The instances when Mainwaring causes the van to get damaged are the very rare occasions when Jones becomes upset with the captain, at one point threatening to blacklist Mainwaring from his sausage list; to which Mainwaring replied carefully "Steady Jones". However Mainwaring generally dismisses the matter, insisting "There's a war on!". As well as keeping Mainwaring and Wilson buttered up with bribes of meat, Jones often does the same with various other townsfolk when needed. His assistant in the shop is "my boy Raymonde", with the accent on the "e".
Relationships
Jones appears to have reasonably good relationships with both Mainwaring and Wilson, whom he often bribes with meat when he wants his own way. Although Jones' over-keen and sometimes bungled efforts sometimes annoy Mainwaring, the captain is nonetheless admiring of his ever-enthusiastic approach, and considers him one of his best men, often discussing matters with him and Wilson before addressing the rest of the platoon. In an episode where an unexploded bomb is stuck at the top of a telegraph pole after an air raid, Jones volunteers to climb up and retrieve it, causing Mainwaring to say that Jones is "brave as a lion, if every one of our men were like him no one could stop us." His relationship with Mainwaring is also doubtlessly improved by Jones' tendency to flatter his superior officer and remains steadfastly loyal to him. However, there have been few occasions where Jones has shown doubt and even mistrust towards Mainwaring. Notably in the episode "The King was in His Counting House", Jones disdains Mainwaring's claim that his father was a renowned tailor and member of "The Master Tailors' Guild", by revealing that Mainwaring's father merely owned a "poky little drapery shop up a side alley" and sold poor-quality workman's trousers. His main rivalries are with Frazer, and the Verger, whom he often calls a troublemaker.
On informal occasions, Jones is often accompanied by Mrs Fox, his love-interest. Mrs Fox is a busty middle-aged widow, and a regular customer at Jones' butcher's shop. He has also been known to court the attention of Mrs. Prosser on occasion. In the final episode Jones and Mrs. Fox get married.
Military service
Jones is seen throughout the series wearing his ribbon bars which recognise his previous service in the British Army. From the beginning of series 4 they are as follows:
Egypt Medal (1882–1889)
Indian General Service Medal (1895–1902)
Queen's Sudan Medal (1897)
Queen's South African War Medal (1899–1902)
King's South African War Medal (1901–1902)
India General Service Medal (1909)
1914 Star (or 1914–15 Star)
British War Medal
Allied Victory Medal
Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (with post-1918 ribbon)
Khedive's Star (1882–1891)
Khedive's Sudan Medal
Notes
References
Dad's Army characters
Fictional corporals
Fictional butchers
Fictional World War I veterans
Fictional British Army personnel
Mahdist War
Television characters introduced in 1968 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lance%20Corporal%20Jones |
The light heavyweight boxing competition at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens was held from 14 to 29 August at Peristeri Olympic Boxing Hall. This is limited to those boxers weighing between 75 and 81 kilograms.
Competition format
Like all Olympic boxing events, the competition was a straight single-elimination tournament. This event consisted of 28 boxers who have qualified for the competition through various tournaments held in 2003 and 2004. The competition began with a preliminary round on 14 August, where the number of competitors was reduced to 16, and concluded with the final on 29 August. As there were fewer than 32 boxers in the competition, a number of boxers received a bye through the preliminary round. Both semi-final losers were awarded bronze medals.
All bouts consisted of four rounds of two minutes each, with one-minute breaks between rounds. Punches scored only if the white area on the front of the glove made full contact with the front of the head or torso of the opponent. Five judges scored each bout; three of the judges had to signal a scoring punch within one second for the punch to score. The winner of the bout was the boxer who scored the most valid punches by the end of the bout.
Schedule
All times are Greece Standard Time (UTC+2)
Qualifying Athletes
Results
References
External links
Official Olympic Report
Light Heavyweight | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxing%20at%20the%202004%20Summer%20Olympics%20%E2%80%93%20Light%20heavyweight |
Cullen Bay is an album by the Scottish traditional folk band The Tannahill Weavers, released in 1990. The band is joined on several tracks (Braw Burn the Bridges, Jenny Dang the Weaver and A Night Visitor's Song) by cittern-player Stuart Morison. Cullen Bay itself is at Cullen, Moray on the coast of the Moray Firth, west of Spey Bay between the towns of Elgin and Banff. The album was recorded at Pierhouse Studios, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Track listing
The Standard on the Braes O'Mar / The Haughs O' Cromdale
The Fiddler / The Fiddler's Jig / Jenny Dang the Weaver / The Reel of Tulloch
Joy of My Heart
Aikendrum
Samuel the Weaver / The Panda / Thunderhead / The Cannongate Twitch / Allan MacDonald's Reel
Kintail
A Night Visitor's Song
Cullen Bay / Dalnahassaig / S'Iomadh Rud a Chunnaic Mi / Alick C. MacGregor
Braw Burn the Bridges
Personnel
Roy Gullane - guitar, vocals
Iain MacInnes - Highland bagpipes, Scottish small pipes, whistles
John Martin - fiddle, 'cello, vocals
Phil Smillie - flute, whistles, bodhrán, vocals
Les Wilson - bouzouki, keyboards, bass pedals, vocals
References
1990 albums
The Tannahill Weavers albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cullen%20Bay%20%28album%29 |
Savandurga is a hill 60 km west of Bengaluru (Karnataka, India), off the Magadi road in India. It is the largest monolith hills in Asia. The hill rises to 1226 m above mean sea level and forms a part of the Deccan plateau. It consists of peninsular gneiss, granites, basic dykes, and laterites. The Arkavathi river passes nearby through the Thippagondanahalli reservoir and towards Manchanabele dam.
The Savandurga hills are frequented by pilgrims who come to visit the Savandi Veerabhadreshwara Swamy and Narasimha Swamy temple situated at the foothills. Rock climbers, cave explorers, and adventurers are among others who frequent the locale. Nearby Manchanabele Dam is often visited by water-sports enthusiasts.
Origin of name
Savandurga is formed by two hills locally known as Karigudda (black hill) and Biligudda (white hill). The earliest record of the name of the hill is from 1340 AD by Hoysala Ballala III from Madabalu where it is called Savandi. Another view is that the name originates from Samantadurga, attributed to a Samantharaya, a governor under Ahchutaraya at Magadi, although there is no inscription confirming this. This was the secondary capital of the Magadi rulers such as Kempegowda. From 1638 to 1728, Mysore took over Savandurga, with the Dalavayi Devaraja controlling it from the palace at Nelapattana. In 1791 Lord Cornwallis captured it from Tipu Sultan's forces during the Third Anglo-Mysore War. Robert Home in his Select views in Mysore (1794) shows distant views of the hill from Bangalore. He called it Savinadurga or the fort of death. There were no steps to reach the hill top and it was covered by bamboos and other trees forming a barricade.
Megalithic burial urns have been found in the area. Saavana in Sanskrit also means three time rituals.
The principal local deity is Sri Savandi Veerabhadraswamy Virabhadra, a temple to whom is situated at the foot of the Savandurga hill. The lord Veerabhadraswamy has followers across the south Karnataka districts like Bangalore, Ramanagara, Tumkur and Mysore.
There is a Temple of Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy, where there is an Idol of Lord Narasimha has been worshiped for many generations.
Climbing
There are a dozen routes, bolted or otherwise on the south face of the monolith. Most of these routes can be completed in half a day to a day, depending on various factors. Some of the routes have long runouts, and most of them face South or are exposed to South-east, suggesting that when the sun comes up, the rock becomes quite hot.
Fauna
The hills are home to the endangered yellow-throated bulbuls and were once home to long-billed vultures and white-backed vultures. Other wildlife includes sloth bear and leopard.
Flora
Surrounding the area is a state forest with scrub and dry deciduous forest covering 27 km. The degraded forest, which is considered as shrub and tree savanna of the Anogeissus–Chloroxylon–Acacia series is highly diverse, recording over 59 tree and 119 shrub species.
References
External links
Bird's eye view of Savandurga
http://www.mapability.com/travel/p2i/marabar_2.html
Economically important flora of the region
Bornhardts
Tourist attractions in Bangalore
Hills of Karnataka
Forts in Karnataka
Buildings and structures in Ramanagara district
Monoliths
Geography of Ramanagara district
Inselbergs of Asia
Climbing areas of India | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savandurga |
IAAS can refer to the following:
Organisations
International Association for Astronomical Studies, a youth astronomy and aerospace research group based out of Denver, Colorado with a 40+ year history of success in the youth STEM fields.
Incorporated Association of Architects and Surveyors, former name of the British professional body Association of Building Engineers
International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures
Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, institute of Tribhuvan University, Nepal
International Association of Students in Agricultural and Related Sciences, Belgium-based international organisation
International Association for Ambulatory Surgery, Belgium-based international organisation
Independent Academies Assured Services
Other
Infrastructure as a service, a cloud computing service model
Indian Audits and Accounts Service, an Indian Civil Service | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IAAS |
The Jamnagar Refinery is a private sector crude oil refinery owned by Reliance Industries in Jamnagar, Gujarat, India. The refinery was commissioned on 14 July 1999 with an installed capacity of . Its current installed capacity is . It is currently the largest refinery in the world.
History
On 25 December 2001, Reliance Petroleum Limited (RPL) announced the commissioning of its refinery into a Special Economic Zone in Jamnagar district of Gujarat, India. The completion of the RPL refinery has enabled Jamnagar to emerge as a 'Refinery land', housing the world's largest refining complex with an aggregate refining capacity of of oil per day, more than any other single location in the world.
The globally competitive RPL refinery was commissioned in 36 months. RPL contracted several companies having expertise in engineering construction and refining like Bechtel, UOP LLC and Foster Wheeler (Multinational Company) amongst others. There were plans for the pipeline to process High Pour Point crude oil extracted at Barmer, Rajasthan, although this would require an electrically heated traced pipeline to be set up from Barmer to Jamnagar.
The entire complex, as of 2013, consists of manufacturing and allied facilities, utilities, off-sites, port facilities and a township (415 acres) with housing for its 2,500 employees, on over of land. If all of the pipes used in the refinery were laid out, one after another, they would connect the whole of India from north to south.
Export expansion during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic
In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic the domestic demand for polymer strongly declined in India. As a result, in order to keep production and sales running, Reliance Industries Limited management decided to refocus the production of polymer on export markets. With the help of the Maersk shipping and logistics group, exports from the Jamnagar Refinery were quadrupled to over 10,000 x 40' containers, which transported and exported through Port Pipavav.
See also
List of oil refineries
Petrochemicals
Chemical engineering
References
External links
Oil refineries in India
Reliance Industries
Jamnagar district
1999 establishments in Gujarat
Energy infrastructure completed in 1999
Companies based in Gujarat
Energy in Gujarat
Manufacturing plants of Reliance Industries
Indian companies established in 1999
20th-century architecture in India | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamnagar%20Refinery |
Insyde Software () is a company that specializes in UEFI system firmware and engineering support services, primarily for OEM and ODM computer and component device manufacturers. They are listed on the Gre Tai Market of Taiwan and headquartered in Taipei, with offices in Westborough, Massachusetts, and Portland, Oregon. The company's market capitalization of the company's common shares is currently around $115M.
Overview
The company's product portfolio includes InsydeH2O BIOS (Insyde Software's implementation of the Intel Platform Innovation Framework for UEFI/EFI), BlinkBoot, a UEFI-based boot loader for enabling Internet of Things devices, and Supervyse, which is a full-featured systems management/BMC firmware for providing out-of-band remote management for server computers.
Insyde Software was formed when it purchased the BIOS assets of SystemSoft Corporation (NASDAQ:SYSF) in October, 1998. Initially
Insyde Software was a privately held company that included investments from Intel Pacific Inc., China Development Industrial Bank, Professional Computer Technology Limited (PCT), company management and selected employees. At that time, Insyde Software's management team consisted of Jeremy Wang, Chairman (also the Chairman of PCT); Jonathan Joseph, President (a former founder of SystemSoft); Hansen Liou, the General Manager of Taiwan Operations and Asia-Pacific Sales, and Stephen Gentile, the Vice President of Marketing.
Shortly after the initial investment, the company was introduced by Intel to a new BIOS coding architecture called EFI (now UEFI) and the two companies began working together on it. In 2001, the two companies entered into a joint development agreement and Insyde’s first shipment of the technology occurred in October 2003 as InsydeH2O UEFI BIOS. Since that time, UEFI has become the mainstay of Insyde’s business.
On 23 January 2003, Insyde Software announced its initial public offering on the GreTai Securities Market (GTSM) based in Taipei, Taiwan.
Products
InsydeH2O UEFI BIOS
The product is a proprietary licensed UEFI BIOS firmware that supports Intel and AMD. PC manufacturers buy the BIOS source code and modify the source code to meet their specific BIOS needs. For the firmware's security vulnerabilities, the company publishes the security advisory, and provides the updates on the CVE fixes and patches to their customers.
See also
List of companies of Taiwan
BIOS features comparison
References
Software companies established in 1998
BIOS
Software companies of Taiwan
Companies based in Taipei
Electronics companies of Taiwan
Taiwanese brands
Taiwanese companies established in 1998
2003 initial public offerings
Companies listed on the Taipei Exchange | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insyde%20Software |
Yarnscombe is a small village and parish in the Torridge area of Devon, England. It is situated approximately from Great Torrington and from Barnstaple. In the year 2001 census the population was recorded at 300.
Parish Church
The parish church is dedicated to St Andrew. The nave, chancel and transeptal north tower probably date from the 13th century, while the south aisle and porch are 15th century. A vestry was added in 1846. The position of the tower is unusual for Devon. The Church contains some medieval tiles and glass. The 15th century altar-tomb on the north side of the chancel is that of John (or Nicholas) Cockworthy, of the estate of Cockworthy in the parish, and his wife. The church was repaired in 1852.
Village Hall
The Village Hall which is available to hire for parties, wedding receptions etc. The Hall is also home to a variety of activities such as a Youth Club, Bingo, Badminton, Skittles Teams and Short Mat Bowling, all of which are open to new members/participators.
Methodist Church
Yarnscombe Methodist Church was built in 1908 replacing a wood building built in 1861. The original building was a Bible Christian chapel described by the North Devon Journal as "a wooded structure, built upon six wheels, the object of which is to prevent its becoming the property of the owner of the soil on the expiration of the lease on which it is granted to the present lessee." Shortly after the foundation stones for the new church were laid, the Bible Christian Church in England merged with other Methodist denominations to form the United Methodist Church. The Yarnscombe United Methodist Church closed in 1993, and the building was converted to a private residence.
History
Historically it formed part of Hartland Hundred. It falls within Torrington Deanery for ecclesiastical purposes.
Historic estates
Langley, the historic seat of a junior branch of the Pollard family.
External links
Yarnscombe Website, The official website of the village
Yarnscombe Online, site created by some of the youth of the village
Devon Libraries Local Studies Service
GENUKI Yarnscombe
Villages in Devon
Torridge District | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yarnscombe |
The Vadinar refinery is an oil refinery at Vadinar, Gujarat, India. It is owned and operated by Nayara Energy Limited, in which Rosneft owns a 49.13% stake. The refinery is India's second largest single-location refinery, with an annual capacity of 20 million tonnes (405,000 barrels per day) and a complexity of 11.8, which also makes it among the world's most complex refineries.
History
Construction of the refinery started in 1996 by Essar Oil. The refinery project was delayed several times due to environmental concerns and financial problems, including initial cost overruns and a shortfall in equity contributions. In 1998, when the refinery was 60% complete, a cyclone struck the plant and caused considerable damage. Construction was restarted in 2005 and the refinery was completed in 2006. It cost US$2.14 billion.
In May 2008, Essar Oil reported commercial production of 10.5 million tonnes per annum (mtpa). The units commissioned in the first phase were the CDU, VDU, sulfur gas unit, naphtha hydrotreater, catalytic cracker, and visbreaker. The fluid catalytic cracker and a diesel hydro desulphurize were commissioned in November 2006. The FCC and DHDS plants were modified to be compliant with the cleaner Euro III and Euro IV fuels. The refinery configuration lends itself well to de-bottlenecking and its capacity is enhanced to 14 mtpa in 2009. The docking facilities include an SBM capable of handling vessels up to 350,000DWT with a capacity of 25mtpa, tankages with interconnecting pipelines of 20mtpa capacity, marine product dispatch capacity of 12mtpa, and rail-car and truck-loading facilities.
In 2012, the refinery was expanded to a capacity of 20 a million tonnes per annum. Essar Oil announced the completion of the Rs8,300-crore expansion with the commissioning of the final Delayed Coker unit (DCU), which is amongst the world's largest.
Description
The capacity expansion and complexity enhancement gives the capability to process much heavier crude oil. The share of ultra heavy crude, which currently constitutes 20% of crude basket, will go up to 60%; and as a result the overall share of heavy and ultra heavy crude will go up to 80% of the refinery's total crude basket.
In terms of product yield, the refinery has the flexibility to produce higher value, high-quality products, including gasoline (petrol) and gas oil (diesel) conforming to Euro IV and Euro V norms, that have growing acceptance in both domestic and international markets. Close to 80% of its production will now be of valuable light and middle distillates; and 50% of the production of gas oil (diesel) and gasoline (petrol) will meet Euro IV and Euro V specifications. EOL is targeting newer markets such as Australia, New Zealand and north-west Europe, in addition to countries in the Indian subcontinent for exporting high-quality fuels. However Essar Oil will continue to market a majority of its products in the domestic market.
The Vadinar Refinery benefits from a fully integrated infrastructure including India's only captive coal-fired power plant to provide power and process steam, a port, pipelines and tankage, with multi-modal product dispatch facilities through rail, road, and sea giving it a unique cost advantage.
References
Oil refineries in India
Essar Group
Energy in Gujarat
Jamnagar district
2006 establishments in Gujarat
Industrial buildings completed in 2006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vadinar%20refinery |
Landmark, originally called Prairie Rose, is a local urban district in the Rural Municipality of Taché, Manitoba, Canada, located about 30 km (18.6 mi) southeast of the provincial capital, Winnipeg. Landmark's population as of the 2021 census was 1,326. The community lies on the longitudinal centre of Canada.
History
Although at least four homesteads were established in about 1907, much of the area was barren until just after World War I. It was at this time that a number of Mennonite families living in the neighbouring East Reserve faced shortages of land for agricultural expansion. By 1920, a dozen Mennonite families had purchased land in the area and had begun establishing their new farms. Within a year of that, the area had its first church building, and by 1925 a school district had been organized.
The main transportation link in the Landmark area in the early years was the Old Dawson Trail, a crude road that led westward to Winnipeg and eastward to Ste. Anne.
In about 1920, the east part of the area of Prairie Rose was registered as the name "Landmark", being picked at random from a list of names in the "Farmer's Advocate" by early resident Peter M. Penner and his eldest son.
Numerous businesses sprung up in Landmark in the 1950s. One of the first businesses in the Landmark area, a repair shop named Landmark Motors, opened in 1950, followed the next year by the Landmark General Store. Landmark’s largest business, a livestock and poultry feed supplier called Landmark Feeds Inc, was established in 1954. In 1957, a plumbing and heating business opened, followed a year later by a second repair shop, Lincoln Sales & Service (now Giesbrecht Mechanical).
In 1961, Landmark Collegiate Institute opened in Landmark, largely due to the efforts of local farmer and businessman John J Hildebrand. He worked tirelessly to promote Landmark as the location of the new school, rather than on the prairie between several population centres.
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Landmark had a population of 1,326 living in 458 of its 474 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of 1,292. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
Economy
While Landmark is predominantly a farming community, with many dairy, hog, poultry, and grain farming operations, it offers a number of services. These include a gift shop and ceramic painting studio, livestock and poultry feed supplier, a swine management company with a truck and trailer wash, a credit union, a post office, insurance company, fire hall, youth centre, an arena, a new Kinsmen rec centre, and baseball diamond, two repair garages, one restaurant, a convenience store and gas station, as well as two schools (K–6) and (7–12), and four churches. Landmark lies in an area with rich black soil known to yield fine crops. Situated in a low-lying area, the community relies on drainage provided by the constructed Seine River Diversion to minimize flooding caused by the spring melt.
Notable people
Sarah Ens, poet
Don Plett, senator
Al Reimer, writer
References
External links
Landmark, Manitoba (official page)
Designated places in Manitoba
Local urban districts in Manitoba
Unincorporated communities in Eastman Region, Manitoba | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landmark%2C%20Manitoba |
The Soviet First League in football () was the second highest division of Soviet football, below the Soviet Top League.
While the second tier competitions in football among "teams of masters" (an official term for the Soviet professional clubs) existed since 1936, the First League has been officially formed in 1971 out of the Class A First Group. It followed the transitional 1970 season when the Class A was expanded to three groups (Vysshaya Gruppa, Pervaya Gruppa, Vtoraya Gruppa) and discontinuation of the Class B competitions for the 1971 season.
The league existed until the dissolution of the USSR in 1991.
Overview
The second tier competitions and predecessors of the First League has been known as Group B, Group 2, Class B, and Class A, group 2. The number of teams playing at this level fluctuated significantly during the history of Soviet football. In 1940s-1970s the league frequently consisted of several groups. The group winners qualified for the final tournament.
The second tier competitions among "teams of masters" existed since 1936 as part of four groups of eight All-Union competitions where each group represented a tier with Group A representing top tier, Group B representing second tier, Group V representing third tier and so on. Before the World War II the season competitions were inconsistent in every group.
Since after the World War II there existed only top two tiers for football competitions among "teams of masters". The top tier was called Pervaya Gruppa (First Group) and the second tier Vtoraya Gruppa (Second Group). In 1950 those tiers were renamed with the second tier competitions being renamed into the Class B (the top tier became the Class A).
In 1960 Class B competitions were transformed into regional competitions with separate competitions for Russia, Ukraine, and other republics. More transformations took place in 1963 when the second tier competitions were included in the Class A competitions, while the Class B competitions were shifted to the third tier for 1964 season, thus reviving the third level competitions. Following the 1963 reform, the second tier competitions became the Vtoraya Gruppa Classa A (Class A second group) and the top tier being renamed as the Pervaya Gruppa Classa A (Class A first group). The Vtoraya Gruppa did not have multi groups competition with only one group round robin tournament.
After the 1970-1971 reforms there was established the Soviet First League with a single group competition. The league became more consisted with number of teams in league and relegation/promotion rules.
1936-1940 Gruppa B (no competition in 1938)
1945-1949 Vtoraya Gruppa
1950-1962 Class B
1963-1969 Vtoraya Gruppa (Class A)
1970-1970 Pervaya Gruppa (Class A)
1971-1991 Pervaya Liga
One unusual feature of the league was one that have taken place before 1989. The Soviet Football Union tried to eliminate the growing amount of drawn games, thus, intensify the competition. The participated clubs were receiving a point for each drawn game, but the amount of all their drawn games could not exceed a third of all their games played. After that they received no points for any further draws that they earned. In 1987, for example, FC Fakel Voronezh was relegated by being short of a point having received no points for their two extra drawn games.
Laureates of the Soviet second tier competitions
The teams that either won its group or participated in play-offs are included as well. All seasons are double-round robin unless otherwise indicated in "Notes".
Gruppa B (Group B)
Vtoraya Gruppa (Second Group)
Class B
Vtoraya Gruppa Klassa A (Second Group of the Class A)
Pervaya Gruppa Klassa A (First Group of the Class A)
Pervaya Liga (First League)
Winners
Podium sweep
Russia (1963)
Ukraine (1980)
All-time table (top 20)
There were over 260 teams that played in the Soviet First League. In the list with green background are clubs with over 30 seasons in the league.
1Three points for a win. In 1973, a point for a draw was awarded only to a team that won the subsequent penalty shootout. In 1978–1988, the number of draws for which points were awarded was limited.
Soviet football championship among reserves
Notes
References
Further reading
Evgeni Kazakov. The Soviet First Football League (Первая лига СССР по футболу). History of Soviet football championships. Volume 1 (1936–1969). Litres, 2019.
External links
Compilation of all game reports for the Soviet second tier. FC Dynamo Moscow website.
2
Defunct second level football leagues in Europe
Sports leagues established in 1970
Sports leagues disestablished in 1991
1970 establishments in the Soviet Union
1991 disestablishments in the Soviet Union | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet%20First%20League |
Yeongnyu of Goguryeo (?–642) was the 27th monarch of Goguryeo, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, from 618 to 642.
Family
Father: King Pyeongwon (평원왕, 平原王)
Grandfather: King Yangwon (양원왕, 陽原王)
Unknown wife
Son: Prince Hwangwon (환권, 桓權)
Son: Prince Bokdeok (복덕, 福德)
Daughter: Lady Muyeong (고무영, 高務營)
Daughter: Lady Sukyeong (고숙영, 高肅營)
Background
He was the younger half-brother of the 26th monarch Yeong-yang, and son of the 25th king Pyeongwon. He assumed the throne when Yeong-yang died in 618.
Reign
In China, the Sui dynasty was followed by the Tang dynasty in 618, the year of Yeongnyu's ascension. Goguryeo was recovering from the Goguryeo–Sui War, and the new Tang emperor was still completing its internal unification. Neither being in a position for new hostilities, Goguryeo and Tang exchanged emissaries and upon Tang's request, conducted a prisoner exchange in 622.
In 624, Tang officially presented Taoism to the Goguryeo court, which sent scholars the following year to study Taoism and Buddhism.
However, as Tang gained strength, in 631, it sent a small force to destroy a monument to Goguryeo's victory over the Sui. In response, Goguryeo built the Cheolli Jangseong defensive wall along the western border, a 15-year project begun in 631 under the supervision of Yeon Gaesomun.
During this time, Goguryeo continued its battles to recover lost territory from the southern Korean kingdom Silla. Silla's Kim Yu-sin took Goguryeo's Nangbi fortress in 629.
Fall, death and succession
Yeongnyu and some of the government officials planned to kill some of the more powerful military officers. They planned first to kill Yeon Gaesomun, whose power and influence were rapidly overtaking the throne's. The young man eventually discovered the plot, and immediately went to Pyongyang to kill the plotters, including the king. Yeongnyu was killed in 642.
Yeon Gaesomun placed Yeongnyu's nephew, Bojang, on the throne.
In popular culture
Portrayed by Choi Jong-hwan in 2006-2007 SBS TV series Yeon Gaesomun.
Portrayed by Kim Yeong-cheol in 2013 KBS2 TV series The Blade and Petal.
Portrayed in the 2017 KBS TV series Chronicles of Korea.
See also
List of Korean monarchs
Three Kingdoms of Korea
History of Korea
References
Goguryeo monarchs
642 deaths
Year of birth unknown
7th-century Korean monarchs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeongnyu%20of%20Goguryeo |
Fairland is a residential suburb in northern Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa. The area is neighboured by Northcliff, Cresta and Darrenwood and is one of the most leafy suburbs in the city. Fairland was developed on land that was originally a farm called Weltevreden.
Statistics indicate that Fairland has some of the lowest crime statistics within Johannesburg.
Facilities
Major shopping centres around Fairland include: Cresta Shopping Centre, Clearwater Shopping Centre, EL Corro Shopping Centre, Fairland Walk Shopping Centre, Trade Centre, Makro etc.
There are a number of schools in the area, namely Laerskool Fairland, and Cliffview Primary School.
References
Johannesburg Region C | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairland%2C%20Gauteng |
The Lancashire Combination was a football league founded in the North West of England in 1891–92. It absorbed the Lancashire League in 1903. In 1968 the Combination lost five of its clubs to the newly formed Northern Premier League. In 1982 it was finally merged with the Cheshire County League to form the North West Counties League.
Champions
Member clubs
A total of 190 clubs and reserve teams played in the Lancashire Combination:
Accrington
Accrington Stanley (modern)
Accrington Stanley (original)
Accrington Stanley reserves
ACI Horwich
Altrincham
Ashton Athletic
Ashton Town
Ashton United
Astley & Tyldesley Collieries
Astley Bridge
Astley Bridge Wanderers
Atherton
Atherton Collieries
Bacup Borough
Bacup Borough reserves
Bangor City
Barnoldswick & District
Barnoldswick Town
Barnoldswick United
Barrow
Barrow reserves
Bell's Temperance
Berry's Association
Black Lane Temperance
Blackburn Park Road
Blackburn Rovers reserves
Blackburn Rovers 'A'
Blackpool 'B'
Blackpool Mechanics
Blackpool reserves
Bolton ST
Bolton St Lukes
Bolton Wanderers 'B'
Bolton Wanderers reserves
Bootle
Bootle Athletic
Brynn Central
Burnley 'A'
Burnley reserves
Burscough
Burscough Rangers
Burscough reserves
Bury reserves
Caernarfon Town
Carlisle United
Chadderton
Chester
Chorley
Chorley reserves
Chorley St George's
Clitheroe
Colne
Colne Dynamoes
Colne Town
Corinthians
Crewe Alexandra reserves
Cromptons Recreation
Daisy Hill
Darwen
Darwen reserves
De Havilland
Denton
Dick, Kerr's
Droylsden
Droylsden United
Dukinfield Town
Earlestown
Eccles United
Ellesmere Port Town
Everton reserves
Failsworth
Fleetwood
Fleetwood Rangers
Fleetwood reserves
Ford Motors
Formby
Glossop North End
Glossop North End reserves
Great Harwood
Great Harwood reserves
Great Harwood Town
Guinness Exports
Halliwell
Haslingden
Hebden Bridge
Heywood
Heywood United
Hindley
Hindley Central
Hindley Green Athletic
Hindsford
Horwich RMI
Horwich RMI reserves
Hyde
Hurst Ramblers
Hyde St George's
Kirkby Town
Kirkby Town reserves
Lancaster City
Lancaster City reserves
Leyland
Leyland Motors
Little Lever
Liverpool reserves
Liverpool Stanley
Lomax
Lomond
Lostock Hall
Lucas Sports
Lytham
Macclesfield
Maghull
Manchester Central
Manchester City reserves
Manchester North End
Manchester Polytechnic
Manchester United reserves
Marine
Morecambe
Morecambe reserves
Nantwich
Nelson
Nelson reserves
Netherfield
Netherfield reserves
New Brighton
New Brighton reserves
New Brighton Tower reserves
Newton Heath Athletic
Newton-le-Willows
Northern Meols
Northern Nomads
Northwich Victoria
Oldham Athletic
Oldham Athletic reserves
Oldham Athletic 'A'
Oldham Dew
Oswaldtwistle Rovers
Oswestry United
Padiham
Pendlebury
Plank Lane
Portsmouth Rovers
Port Sunlight
Prescot Cables
Prescot Cables reserves
Prescot
Preston North End 'A'
Preston North End reserves
Prestwich Heys
Radcliffe Borough
Rawtenstall
Rochdale
Rochdale reserves
Rolls Royce
Rossendale United
Rossendale United reserves
Royton
St Anne's Athletic
St Helens Recreation
St Helens Town
Skerton
Skelmersdale United
Skelmersdale United reserves
South Liverpool
Southport Central
Southport reserves
Stalybridge Celtic
Stalybridge Celtic reserves
Stalybridge Rovers
Stockport County reserves
Stubshaw Cross Rovers
Tranmere Rovers
Tranmere Rovers reserves
Turton
Tyldesley Albion
Vulcan Institute
Vulcan Newton
Walkden Central
Whitworth Valley
Wigan Athletic
Wigan Athletic reserves
Wigan Borough
Wigan Borough reserves
Wigan Rovers
Wigan Town
Witton Albion
Workington
Wren Rovers
References
External links
Full list of Lancashire Combination league tables RSSSF
Football in Lancashire
North West Counties Football League
Defunct football leagues in England
1891 establishments in England
1982 disestablishments in England
Sports leagues established in 1891
Sports leagues disestablished in 1982 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancashire%20Combination |
PSoC (programmable system on a chip) is a family of microcontroller integrated circuits by Cypress Semiconductor. These chips include a CPU core and mixed-signal arrays of configurable integrated analog and digital peripherals.
History
In 2002, Cypress began shipping commercial quantities of the PSoC 1. To promote the PSoC, Cypress sponsored a "PSoC Design Challenge" in Circuit Cellar magazine in 2002 and 2004.
In April 2013, Cypress released the fourth generation, PSoC 4. The PSoC 4 features a 32-bit ARM Cortex-M0 CPU, with programmable analog blocks (operational amplifiers and comparators), programmable digital blocks (PLD-based UDBs), programmable routing and flexible GPIO (route any function to any pin), a serial communication block (for SPI, UART, I²C), a timer/counter/PWM block and more.
PSoC is used in devices as simple as Sonicare toothbrushes and Adidas sneakers, and as complex as the TiVo set-top box. One PSoC implements capacitive sensing for the touch-sensitive scroll wheel on the Apple iPod click wheel.
In 2014, Cypress extended the PSoC 4 family by integrating a Bluetooth Low Energy radio along with a PSoC 4 Cortex-M0-based SoC in a single, monolithic die.
In 2016, Cypress released PSoC 4 S-Series, featuring ARM Cortex-M0+ CPU.
Overview
A PSoC integrated circuit is composed of a core, configurable analog and digital blocks, and programmable routing and interconnect. The configurable blocks in a PSoC are the biggest difference from other microcontrollers.
PSoC has three separate memory spaces: paged SRAM for data, Flash memory for instructions and fixed data, and I/O registers for controlling and accessing the configurable logic blocks and functions. The device is created using SONOS technology.
PSoC resembles an ASIC: blocks can be assigned a wide range of functions and interconnected on-chip. Unlike an ASIC, there is no special manufacturing process required to create the custom configuration — only startup code that is created by Cypress' PSoC Designer (for PSoC 1) or PSoC Creator (for PSoC 3 / 4 / 5) IDE.
PSoC resembles an FPGA in that at power up it must be configured, but this configuration occurs by loading instructions from the built-in Flash memory.
PSoC most closely resembles a microcontroller combined with a PLD and programmable analog. Code is executed to interact with the user-specified peripheral functions (called "Components"), using automatically generated APIs and interrupt routines. PSoC Designer or PSoC Creator generate the startup configuration code. Both integrate APIs that initialize the user selected components upon the users needs in a Visual-Studio-like GUI.
Configurable analog and digital blocks
Using configurable analog and digital blocks, designers can create and change mixed-signal embedded applications. The digital blocks are state machines that are configured using the blocks registers. There are two types of digital blocks, Digital Building Blocks (DBBxx) and Digital Communication Blocks (DCBxx). Only the communication blocks can contain serial I/O user modules, such as SPI, UART, etc.
Each digital block is considered an 8-bit resource that designers can configure using pre-built digital functions or user modules (UM), or, by combining blocks, turn them into 16-, 24-, or 32-bit resources. Concatenating UMs together is how 16-bit PWMs and timers are created.
There are two types of analog blocks. The continuous time (CT) blocks are composed of an op-amp circuit and designated as ACBxx where xx is 00–03. The other type is the switch cap (SC) blocks, which allow complex analog signal flows and are designated by ASCxy where x is the row and y is the column of the analog block. Designers can modify and personalize each module to any design.
Programmable routing and interconnect
PSoC mixed-signal arrays' flexible routing allows designers to route signals to and from I/O pins more freely than with many competing microcontrollers. Global buses allow for signal multiplexing and for performing logic operations. Cypress suggests that this allows designers to configure a design and make improvements more easily and faster and with fewer PCB redesigns than a digital logic gate approach or competing microcontrollers with more fixed function pins.
Series
There are five different families of devices, each based around a different microcontroller core:
PSoC 1 — CY8C2xxxx series — M8C core.
PSoC 3 — CY8C3xxxx series — 8051 core.
PSoC 4 — CY8C4xxxx series — ARM Cortex-M0 core.
PSoC 5/5LP — CY8C5xxxx series — ARM Cortex-M3 core.
PSoC 6 — CY8C6xxxx series — ARM Cortex-M4 core with an added ARM Cortex-M0+ core (in some models).
Bluetooth Low Energy
Starting in 2014, Cypress began offering PSoC 4 BLE devices with integrated Bluetooth Low Energy (Bluetooth Smart). This can be used to create connected products leveraging the analog and digital blocks. Users can add and configure the BLE module directly in PSoC creator. Cypress also provides a complete Bluetooth Low Energy stack licensed from Mindtree with both Peripheral and Central functionality. The PSoC 6 series includes versions with BLE including Bluetooth 5 features including extended range or higher speed.
Summary
Development tools
PSoC Designer
This is the first generation software IDE to design and debug and program the PSoC 1 devices. It introduced unique features including a library of pre-characterized analog and digital peripherals in a drag-and-drop design environment which could then be customized to specific design needs by leveraging the dynamically generated API libraries of code.
PSoC Creator
PSoC Creator is the second generation software IDE to design debug and program the PSoC 3 / 4 / 5 devices. The development IDE is combined with an easy-to-use graphical design editor to form a powerful hardware/software co-design environment. PSoC Creator consists of two basic building blocks. The program allows the user to select, configure and connect existing circuits on the chip and the components which are the equivalent of peripherals on MCUs. What makes PSoC intriguing is the possibility of creating its own application-specific peripherals in hardware. Cypress publishes component packs several times a year. PSoC users get new peripherals for their existing hardware without being charged or having to buy new hardware. PSoC Creator also allows much freedom in the assignment of peripherals to I/O pins.
Cortex-M
Generic ARM development tools for PSoC 4 and PSoC 5.
Documentation
PSoC 4 / 5
The amount of documentation for all ARM chips is daunting, especially for newcomers. The documentation for microcontrollers from past decades would easily be inclusive in a single document, but as chips have evolved so has the documentation grown. The total documentation is especially hard to grasp for all ARM chips since it consists of documents from the IC manufacturer (Cypress Semiconductor) and documents from CPU core vendor (ARM Holdings).
A typical top-down documentation tree is: manufacturer website, manufacturer marketing slides, manufacturer datasheet for the exact physical chip, manufacturer detailed reference manual that describes common peripherals and aspects of a physical chip family, ARM core generic user guide, ARM core technical reference manual, ARM architecture reference manual that describes the instruction set(s).
PSoC 4 / 5 documentation tree (top to bottom)
PSoC website.
PSoC marketing slides.
PSoC datasheet.
PSoC reference manuals.
ARM core website.
ARM core generic user guide.
ARM core technical reference manual.
ARM architecture reference manual.
Cypress Semiconductor has additional documents, such as: evaluation board user manuals, application notes, getting started guides, software library documents, errata, and more. See External Links section for links to official PSoC and ARM documents.
See also
ARM architecture, List of ARM microprocessor cores, ARM Cortex-M
Embedded systems
Field-programmable analog array
Interrupt, Interrupt handler, Comparison of real-time operating systems
JTAG
Microcontroller, (List of common microcontrollers)
Reconfigurable computing
Single-board microcontroller
References
Further reading
External links
PSoC Official Documents
PSoC Designer software for PSoC 1 family
PSoC Creator software for PSoC 3 / 4 / 5LP families
PSoC Programmer software for PSoC 1 / 3 / 4 / 5LP families
ARM Official Documents for PSoC 4 / 5
Other
PSoC Developer
IoT Expert PSoC Tutorials
Psoc-chile El primer web site en Español sobre Microcontroladore Psoc
Integrated circuits
System on a chip | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypress%20PSoC |
John Barnes (born 1 June 1969) is a retired Australian rules footballer in the Australian Football League.
Playing career
Barnes' VFL/AFL career included two State of Origin games for Victoria.
Early career – from Essendon to Geelong
The young Barnes was a ruckman/forward recruited by Essendon in 1986 from Cobram, Victoria. He was traded after five seasons with Windy Hill to the Geelong Football Club for Sean Denham. Under the coaching of Malcolm Blight and later Gary Ayres he would go on to feature prominently in the losing 1994 and 1995 Grand Final sides. During a Round 5 encounter at Princes Park against Carlton in 1997, after a marking duel, Barnes landed awkwardly on his left elbow, dislocating it and sidelining him for ten weeks. Barnes was delisted by the club in 1999. He had played a total of 144 games with 65 goals with the Cats.
Return to Essendon
It was Essendon coach Kevin Sheedy, however, who tempted Barnes back to Windy Hill, and he was selected at number #59 in the 1999 AFL Draft. A shortage of ruckmen at the club led Sheedy to reacquaint Barnes with his former club. A season later, after a defeat to the Brisbane Lions in the 2001 Grand Final, Barnes retired. He had totalled 58 games and 25 goals with the Bombers during his original tenure and return to the club.
Playing statistics
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1987
|
| 20 || 6 || 9 || 4 || 21 || 8 || 29 || 14 || 6 || 2 || 1.5 || 0.7 || 3.5 || 1.3 || 4.8 || 2.3 || 1.0 || 0.3
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1988
|
| 20 || 2 || 0 || 1 || 12 || 6 || 18 || 8 || 1 || 1 || 0.0 || 0.5 || 6.0 || 3.0 || 9.0 || 4.0 || 0.5 || 0.5
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1989
|
| 20 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 10 || 8 || 18 || 8 || 2 || 5 || 0.5 || 0.5 || 5.0 || 4.0 || 9.0 || 4.0 || 1.0 || 2.5
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1990
|
| 20 || 2 || 2 || 1 || 9 || 8 || 17 || 6 || 1 || 7 || 1.0 || 0.5 || 4.5 || 4.0 || 8.5 || 3.0 || 0.5 || 3.5
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1991
|
| 20 || 0 || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || —
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1992
|
| 6 || 13 || 5 || 0 || 106 || 73 || 179 || 74 || 7 || 165 || 0.4 || 0.0 || 8.2 || 5.6 || 13.8 || 5.7 || 0.5 || 12.7
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1993
|
| 6 || 18 || 4 || 1 || 149 || 130 || 279 || 116 || 10 || 265 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 8.3 || 7.2 || 15.5 || 6.4 || 0.6 || 14.7
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1994
|
| 6 || 24 || 1 || 1 || 184 || 181 || 365 || 132 || 16 || 389 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 7.7 || 7.5 || 15.2 || 5.5 || 0.7 || 16.2
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1995
|
| 6 || 25 || 9 || 7 || 183 || 218 || 401 || 185 || 22 || 285 || 0.4 || 0.3 || 7.3 || 8.7 || 16.0 || 7.4 || 0.9 || 11.4
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1996
|
| 6 || 19 || 16 || 6 || 151 || 122 || 273 || 114 || 9 || 225 || 0.8 || 0.3 || 7.9 || 6.4 || 14.4 || 6.0 || 0.5 || 11.8
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1997
|
| 6 || 15 || 12 || 13 || 118 || 71 || 189 || 82 || 6 || 104 || 0.8 || 0.9 || 7.9 || 4.7 || 12.6 || 5.5 || 0.4 || 6.9
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1998
|
| 6 || 15 || 9 || 4 || 114 || 83 || 197 || 69 || 15 || 173 || 0.6 || 0.3 || 7.6 || 5.5 || 13.1 || 4.6 || 1.0 || 11.5
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1999
|
| 6 || 15 || 9 || 1 || 126 || 81 || 207 || 77 || 8 || 216 || 0.6 || 0.1 || 8.4 || 5.4 || 13.8 || 5.1 || 0.5 || 14.4
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2000
|
| 22 || 24 || 10 || 2 || 188 || 123 || 311 || 115 || 26 || 400 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 7.8 || 5.1 || 13.0 || 4.8 || 1.1 || 16.7
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2001
|
| 22 || 22 || 3 || 1 || 133 || 100 || 233 || 78 || 23 || 218 || 0.1 || 0.0 || 6.0 || 4.5 || 10.6 || 3.5 || 1.0 || 9.9
|- class="sortbottom"
! colspan=3| Career
! 202
! 90
! 43
! 1504
! 1212
! 2716
! 1078
! 152
! 2455
! 0.4
! 0.2
! 7.4
! 6.0
! 13.4
! 5.3
! 0.8
! 12.2
|}
Post-playing career
Barnes was a runner for Essendon and was fined by the AFL for spending too long on the ground, before he was controversially suspended for two matches by the AFL for interfering with play during the 2005 season.
In 2004, he played for the East Keilor Football Club in the Essendon District Football League. He participated in the 2006 AFL Legends Match, playing for Victoria. Barnes became the ruck coach for the Western Bulldogs in the 2008 season.
In 2009, he was appointed as coach of the Doutta Stars Football Club in the Essendon District Football League.
He also had a stint as the ruck coach for the Collingwood Football Club, but left that role and 'got completely out of footy' to become, as of 2015, a garbage collector in suburban Melbourne.
References
External links
1969 births
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (state)
Australian rules football coaches
Essendon Football Club players
Essendon Football Club premiership players
Geelong Football Club players
Cobram Football Club players
Living people
Victorian State of Origin players
VFL/AFL premiership players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Barnes%20%28Australian%20footballer%29 |
Edvard Armas Järnefelt (14 August 1869 – 23 June 1958), was a Finnish conductor and composer, who achieved some minor success with his orchestral works (1904) and Praeludium (1900). He spent much of his conducting career at the Royal Swedish Opera in Stockholm, Sweden.
Life
Armas Järnefelt was born in Vyborg, in the Grand Duchy of Finland, the son of General August Aleksander Järnefelt and Elisabeth Järnefelt (née Clodt von Jürgensburg).
Järnefelt studied with Ferruccio Busoni in Helsinki and with Jules Massenet in Paris. Both Järnefelt and Busoni enjoyed a close relationship with Jean Sibelius, who was married to Järnefelt's sister Aino. From 1905 Järnefelt had a long career as conductor at the Royal Swedish Opera in Stockholm, beginning as repetiteur from 1905 to 1911 (he became a Swedish citizen in 1909); conductor 1911-1923 and chief conductor 1923–1933.
Between 1932 and 1936 Järnefelt was the artistic director and conductor of the Finnish National Opera. He presented, among others, Siegfried and Götterdämmerung from Wagner's Ring cycle, and Parsifal. He was principal conductor of the Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra 1942–1943, and also returned to the Royal Swedish Opera as chief conductor from 1938 to 1946. He died in Stockholm.
Works
Järnefelt's musical works include:
Lyrical Overture (1892)
Lapsuuden ajoilta (Childhood Days, 1892) 4-hand piano
Serenade for Small Orchestra in B minor (1893)
Symphonic poem Korsholma (Korsholm, 1894)
Symphonic Fantasy for orchestra (1895)
Symphonic poem Heimathklang (The Sound of Home, 1895)
3 Piano Pieces Op.4 (1897)
Suite in E-flat major for orchestra (1897)
Finnish Rhapsody (1899)
Praeludium (1900)
Festive Overture (1902)
(1904)
In addition, he composed more than 70 solo songs, 21 pieces for male chorus, 12 part-songs for mixed chorus, and 13 cantatas. His Berceuse (1904) arranged for violin and piano is included in the Royal Conservatory of Music grade 7 violin repertoire (Canada).
Järnefelt also wrote stage and film music, e.g. for the film Song of the Scarlet Flower (1919), directed by Mauritz Stiller, possibly the first original film music by a Nordic composer.
Family life
His siblings were , a critic and translator of Russian literature; the writer Arvid Järnefelt (the incidental music for his play Kuolema was written by Jean Sibelius); the painter Eero Järnefelt (Erik); Ellida; Ellen, Aino (who married Sibelius); Hilja; and Sigrid.
He was married twice: firstly to the soprano Maikki Järnefelt (née Pakarinen) from 1893 to 1908 (she subsequently married Selim Palmgren), and secondly in 1910 to the opera singer Liva Edström.
Legacy
In June 2012 a display of Järnefelt paraphernalia was opened in the entrance of the Sibelius Academy situated in the Helsinki Music Center.
References
External links
1869 births
1958 deaths
Burials at Hietaniemi Cemetery
Finnish classical composers
Finnish conductors (music)
Finnish male classical composers
Finnish emigrants to Sweden
Finnish people of German descent
Litteris et Artibus recipients
Naturalized citizens of Sweden
People from Viipuri Province (Grand Duchy of Finland)
Musicians from Vyborg
Swedish classical composers
Swedish conductors (music)
Male conductors (music)
Swedish male classical composers
19th-century Finnish nobility | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armas%20J%C3%A4rnefelt |
Nikolai Semyonovich Golovanov (, Nikoláy Semyónovich Golovánov) ([o.s. 9] 21 January 1891 – 28 August 1953), PAU, was a Soviet conductor and composer, who was married to the soprano Antonina Nezhdanova.
He conducted the premiere performances of a number of works, among them Nikolai Myaskovsky's Sixth Symphony in May 1924.
Golovanov held some of the highest musical positions in the USSR, including an extensive association with the Bolshoi Opera. In her autobiography, Galina Vishnevskaya terms him the theater's chief conductor, and tells of his dismissal from the Bolshoi and his death - which she attributed to the humiliation of the experience of losing this position. It has been reported that Golovanov's firing was the result of Stalin's displeasure at Golovanov's having tried to use a Jewish singer, Mark Reizen, in the title role of Tsar Boris Godunov in his recording of Mussorgsky's opera. Golovanov actually did record the opera with Reizen as Boris, but later remade Reizen's part with another Boris, Alexander Pirogov.
Golovanov's recorded output was substantial and quite individual in interpretive approach. In his discography we find all but one of the Liszt tone poems, the complete Scriabin symphonies and Piano Concerto, Tchaikovsky's First and Sixth symphonies, as well as shorter works, Beethoven's First Symphony, Violin Concerto and Triple Concerto, Rimsky-Korsakov's Scheherazade and his operas Sadko and Christmas Eve, Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov and Pictures at an Exhibition, Rachmaninoff's Second and Third symphonies, the opera Aleko and other compositions, Glazunov's Fifth, Sixth and Seventh symphonies, and scores by Grieg, Mozart and others. Based upon the evidence of his recordings, Golovanov's characteristic performance mode was full-blooded and nearly vehement in tone, with a powerful, almost overloaded sense of sonority, and extreme flexibility in matters of tempo, phrasing and dynamics.
In addition to audio recordings by Golovanov, there is extant visual representation of his conducting style. Possibly during the Second World War, evidently intended as a morale booster, there was produced a film of Golovanov conducting a group called the USSR State Symphony Orchestra in a performance of the Tchaikovsky "1812 Overture." As was the practice in the USSR, the Tsarist anthem was replaced in the score with the chorus "Glory, Glory to you, holy Russia!" from Glinka's "A Life for the Tsar." The film does not feature synchronous sound, and concerns itself primarily with various Soviet functionaries, Military figures and Orthodox Priests (!) in the audience; However, the short segments of Golovanov conducting show an energetic but physically spare conducting style, one seemingly at odds with the sometimes extreme nature of his interpretations.
Golovanov was also a composer; his works include the opera "Princess Yurata", a symphony and other orchestral works as well as choral music.
References
1891 births
1953 deaths
20th-century classical composers
20th-century Russian conductors (music)
Russian male conductors (music)
20th-century Russian male musicians
People's Artists of the RSFSR
People's Artists of the USSR
Recipients of the Stalin Prize
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
Russian classical composers
Russian male classical composers
Russian classical musicians
Soviet composers
Soviet male composers
Soviet conductors (music)
Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolai%20Golovanov |
Kiara ( or ) is a given name with various origins.
It may be a variant of the Italian name Chiara, meaning bright, or the Irish name Ciara, meaning dark-haired.
In Japan, Kiara is an uncommon name typically given to males; its meaning is dependent upon the characters used to spell the name. It has also been used for girls in Japan in recent years and classified as part of a trend for kira-kira or shiny names notable for using uncommon kanji characters to spell names that have novel meanings or pronunciations. For instance, the given name of Kiara Sato (Japanese: 佐藤 妃星), a member of the Japanese idol girl group AKB48 Team 4, uses kanji characters meaning princess and star.
Usage
The name has been in wide use worldwide. In the United States it has been among the top 1,000 names for newborn girls since 1988. It also has been rarely used for American boys.
People
Kiara (singer) (born 1963), Venezuelan singer-songwriter
Kiara Advani (born 1992), Indian actress
Kiara Bisaro (born 1975), Canadian mountain biker
Kiara Bowers (born 1991), Australian rules footballer
Kiara Brinkman (born 1979), American writer
Kiara Fontanesi (born 1994), Italian professional motocross racer
Kiara Fontanilla (born 2000) American-born soccer player for the Philippines women's national football team
Kiara Kabukuru (born 1975), American fashion model
Kiara Laetitia (born 1979), Italian rock singer and entrepreneur
Kiara Leslie (born 1995), American professional basketball player
Kiara Muhammad (born 1998), American actress
Kiara Munteanu (born 1997), Australian gymnast
Kiara Nirghin (born 2000), South African inventor, scientist and speaker
Kiara Nowlin (born 1995), American gymnast
Kiara Ortega (born 1993), Puerto Rican dancer and beauty pageant title holder
Kiara “Kiki” Pickett (born 1999), American professional soccer player
Kiara Rodriguez (born 2002), Ecuadoran Paralympic athlete
Kiara Saitō (齋藤樹愛羅)(born 2004), Japanese idol
Kiara Sasso (born 1979), Brazilian actress
Kiara Sato (佐藤妃星) (born 2000), a member of AKB48 Team 4, Japanese idol
Fiction
Kiara, fictional character in the film The Lion King II: Simba's Pride
Kiara “Kie” Carrera, a character in the Netflix series Outer Banks
Sessyoin Kiara, fictional character in the PSP game Fate/Extra: CCC and mobile gacha game Fate/Grand Order
See also
Kiiara (Kiara Saulters, born 1995), American singer
Kiara (disambiguation)
Keira (disambiguation)
Notes
cs:Kiara
pt:Kiara
Feminine given names | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiara%20%28given%20name%29 |
Milt Gross (; March 4, 1895 – November 29, 1953) was an American cartoonist and animator. His work is noted for its exaggerated cartoon style and Yiddish-inflected English dialogue. He originated the non-sequitur "Banana Oil!" as a phrase deflating pomposity and posing. His character Count Screwloose's admonition, "Iggy, keep an eye on me!", became a national catchphrase. The National Cartoonists Society fund to aid indigent cartoonists and their families, for many years was known as the Milt Gross Fund. In 2005, it was absorbed by the Society's Foundation, which continues the charitable work of the Fund.
Comic strips and books
Gross was born in the Bronx and served as a soldier in World War I. After apprenticing as a teenage assistant to Tad Dorgan, Gross's first comic strip was Phool Phan Phables for the New York Journal, begun when he was 20, featuring a rabid sports fan named George Phan. It was one of several short-lived comic strips (and other undertakings, including his first animated film) before his first success, Gross Exaggerations, which began as an illustrated column, "Gross Exaggerations in the Dumbwaiter", in the New York World. Originally titled Banana Oil until 1925, the comic strip was retitled Gross Exaggerations until becoming The Feitelbaum Family on June 1, 1926, and finally Looy Dot Dope on January 7, 1927. Its Yinglish vocabulary would set the tone for much of Gross' work, as would its reworkings of well-known tales, as in "Nize Ferry-tail from Elledin witt de Wanderful Lemp" and "Jack witt de Binn Stuck". These were gathered in a 1926 book Nize Baby, which evolved into a Sunday newspaper color comic strip.
Also in 1926, he published Hiawatta witt No Odder Poems, a 40-page parody of Longfellow's The Song of Hiawatha, each of its pages, in the words of Jim Vadeboncoeur, Jr., "with a barely decipherable stanza and a drawing which only sometimes helped". In subsequent years, Gross followed with De Night in de Front from Chreesmas, Dunt Esk (1927) and Famous Fimmales witt Odder Ewents from Heestory (1928).
In 1930, Gross published what many consider his masterpiece, the pantomime tale He Done Her Wrong: The Great American Novel and Not a Word in It — No Music, Too. Minus words, this "novel" is composed entirely of pen-and-ink cartoons, nearly 300 pages long, and is comparable to such silent films serials as The Perils of Pauline. It resembled (and parodied) Lynd Ward's Gods' Man, the first American wordless novel, published the previous year.. It has been reprinted several times, including an abridged version in 1983 (retitled Hearts of Gold) and in 2005 by Fantagraphics, under its original title.
Starting in 1931, Gross worked for the Hearst chain, doing various syndicated comic strips and Sunday topper strips, including Dave's Delicatessen, Banana Oil, Pete the Pooch, Count Screwloose from Tooloose, Babbling Brooks, Otto and Blotto, The Meanest Man, Draw Your Own Conclusion, I Did It and I'm Glad! and That's My Pop! (which later became a radio show). While his strips' vocabulary moved closer to standard English over time, his work always maintained Yiddish touches. In 1936, he illustrated two books in collaboration, Pasha the Persian (by Margaret Linden) and What's This? (with Robert M. Low and Lou Wedemar).
In 1945, the year of his book Dear Dollink, he suffered a heart attack and went into semi-retirement. His last book was I Shouda Ate the Eclair (published 1946), in which one Mr. Figgits nearly starts World War III because he refuses to eat a chocolate éclair. In 1946–47, his work appeared in the short-lived comic book Picture News. His final published work appeared in the pages of comic books published by American Comics Group, including two issues of Milt Gross Funnies. In 1950, two of his earlier books were combined as Hiawatta and De Night in De Front From Chreesmas.
Animation
Gross made occasional animated films through the silent film era, including The Ups & Downs of Mr. Phool Phan (his first), Useless Hints by Fuller Prunes, Izzy Able the Detective and How My Vacation Spent Me. Most of these were for Bray Productions, the studio of John R. Bray. Others were for Universal.
In 1939, he returned to animation with two MGM cartoons, Jitterbug Follies and Wanted: No Master, featuring Count Screwloose (voiced by Mel Blanc) and J.R. The Wonderdog. According to Bill Littlejohn, they were both extremely funny works. But Fred Quimby thought them to be too vulgar and had Gross fired. Gross would also co-write the 1943 Screen Gems cartoon He Can't Make It Stick (directed by John Hubley and Paul Sommer), after he pitched the story to then-producer Dave Fleischer and writer Stephen Longstreet.
Death
On November 29, 1953, Gross died of a heart attack aboard the Pacific Ocean liner SS Monterey, while returning from a Hawaiian vacation with his wife. He was buried at Hillside Memorial Park Cemetery in Culver City, California. At the time of his death, he was developing a children's TV show starring his character Pete the Pooch, which combined animation with live-action footage of Gross as host. Two pilot episodes were completed but never shown to the public.
Legacy
In 2009 the New York University Press published Is Diss a System?: A Milt Gross Comic Reader, which argues for Gross' importance as a link between the cartooning cultures of the first and second halves of the 20th century, especially as they related to Jewish culture.
In August 1971, Dover Publications reprinted Nize Baby. In 2010, cartoon historian Craig Yoe edited The Complete Milt Gross Comic Books and Life Story, a complete collection of the Gross comic book stories from the 1940s with a lengthy illustrated biography by Yoe and an Al Jaffee introduction.
Bibliography
Banana Oil! (1924) M.S. Publishing Co.
Nize Baby (1926) George H. Dolan Company
Hiawatta witt No Odder Poems (1926) George H. Doran Co.
De Night in de Front from Chreesmas (1927) George H. Doran Co.
Dunt Esk!! (1927) Grosset & Dunlap
Famous Fimmales witt Odder Ewents from Heestory (1928) Doubleday, Doran & Co.
He Done Her Wrong (1930) Doubleday, Doran & Co.
What's This? (with Robert M. Low and Lou Wedemar) (1936) Simon and Schuster
Pasha the Persian by Margaret Linden, illustrated by Milt Gross (1936) Claude Kendall, Inc.
That's My Pop Goes Nuts for Fair: A Cartoon Tour of New York (1939) The Bystander Press. Reprinted 2015 as Milt Gross’ New York: A Lost Graphic Novel
Dear Dollink (1945) G.P. Putnam's Sons
I Shoulda Ate the Eclair (1946) Ziff-Davis Publishing Co.
Milt Gross Funnies #1 (August 1947) American Comics Group
Milt Gross Funnies #2 (September 1947) American Comics Group
Hiawatta and De Night in de Front from Chreesmas (1950) Doubleday
The Smithsonian Collection of Newspaper Comics (1977) Bill Blackbeard, ed., Smithsonian Institution Press/Harry Abrams
He Done Her Wrong (Reprinted 2006) Fantagraphics
Art Out of Time: Unknown Comics Visionaries 1900–1969 (2006) Dan Nadel, ed., Abrams
Is Diss a System?: A Milt Gross Comic Reader (2009) Ari Kelman, ed., NYU Press
The Complete Milt Gross Comic Books and Life Story (2010) Craig Yoe, ed., IDW Publishing
Gross Exaggerations: The Meshuga Comic Strips of Milt Gross (2020) Peter Maresca, ed. Sunday Press Books
References
Sources
External links
1895 births
1953 deaths
American animators
American comic strip cartoonists
American comics artists
American comics writers
Jewish American writers
Jewish American artists
Artists from the Bronx
Bray Productions people
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio people
20th-century American Jews | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milt%20Gross |
Rondout Valley High School (RVHS) is a public high school located in Accord, New York, United States. Operated by the Rondout Valley School District, the school serves 9th through 12th graders from Marbletown, Rosendale, and Kerhonkson. The high school, which shares its campus with Rondout Valley Middle School, was constructed in 1959. Prior to its opening, high school students in the area attended Kerhonkson High School (now Kerhonkson Elementary School).
Administration
The principal is Jessica Torok.
Academics
As a public high school in New York, RVHS subscribes to the state regents board for its academic standards. In addition to the standard regents track, the school has an honors program and a special education program. RVHS offers eleven advanced placement (AP) courses in American government and politics, biology, calculus, chemistry, comparative government and politics, English, European history, French, music theory, physics, Spanish, and US History.
WISE
Wise Individualized Senior Experience (WISE) is a program available to seniors in their final semester. In this program, students pursue a project of their own interest as a substitute for two classes. They keep a journal of their progress on their project, and at the end of the year, present their work to evaluators, friends, and other interested students. Projects have included: putting a music program together, starting and managing an a cappella group, building a boat, creating a website, teaching foreign languages to younger students, building a computer, filming a movie, culinary exploration, dance choreography, senior book, creating a community mural, social action, and writing a comic book. The WISE program is run by Fran Hertz.
New Visions
New Visions is another program available to seniors in their final semester. In this program, the student's English and history requirements are waived and half of the school day is devoted to distance learning. One day out of the week New Visions students take either college English or political science. On the remaining four days the students take part in an internship in their New Visions field. New Visions offers the chance to work first hand in education, health, performing and visual arts, and communications/journalism. Student are also required to participate in projects pertaining to the New Visions program chosen and keep a daily journal logging the events of their internship.
Music
Classes in music theory and introduction to music are taught, as well as lessons for students in the concert band and concert choir. In 2012 the concert choir was given a master class with opera singers Maria Todaro and Louis Otey in which selected students sang and received input into the music on which they were working.
RVHS has a choir, a concert band, a jazz band, and a vocal jazz ensemble. The music department presents a concert series each year to demonstrate student learning. There are two concerts with the concert band and concert choir and two jazz concerts. The concert band is also part of the district band concert, which includes the 5/6, 7/8 and RVHS bands.
The school's music program has collaborated with musicians such as Roswell Rudd, with the choir and jazz band performing with Roswell and his trombone shout band. The concert band commissioned and performed the world premiere of "Sinfonia Brevis" by Sean Doyle in 2008. In 2012 the concert band joined forces with The Ulster County Community Band in a program titled "Music for the Ages".
The Vocal Jazz Ensemble was invited to The LeMoyne Jazz Festival for three consecutive years, from 2011 to 2013. The music department sends students to the NYSSMA (New York State School Music Association) Solo festival. Due to this Rondout sends students to the NYSSMA All-County, Area All-State, and Conference All-State festivals annually.
Students from the Rondout Valley Music Department have been known to move on to such music programs as Ithaca College, The Crane School of Music, and SUNY Fredonia.
RVTV
Rondout has been migrating from loudspeaker announcements to video announcements. In 2005, video announcements were first attempted but did not last. In the 2011/12 school year, Rondout had its first team of RVTV reporters, correspondents, cameramen, and editors.
School mascot
The mascot for RVHS is a gander, referred to as "Greg the Gander”.
Athletics
The Ganders athletic teams participate in New York State's Section 9 athletics. The school competes in baseball, basketball, lacrosse, softball, field hockey, football, softball, track and field, wrestling, and volleyball.
References
External links
schooltree.org profile
Public high schools in New York (state)
Schools in Ulster County, New York | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rondout%20Valley%20High%20School |
Akhter Husain (Urdu: ), HPk, OBE, (1 August 1902 – 15 July 1983) was a senior statesman and civil servant of Pakistan. He was appointed Governor of West Pakistan in September 1957 succeeding Mushtaq Ahmed Gurmani and then continued in this office during the regime of General Muhammad Ayub Khan until April 1960.
Early life
Akhter Husain was born on 1 August 1902 at Burhanpur (Central Province India) and received his early education from Hakimia High School, Burhanpur before proceeding to MAO College at Aligarh (which later became Aligarh Muslim University), graduating later from Allahbad University. He was selected for the Indian Civil Service in 1924 and completed his education and training at St. John's College, Cambridge, England. Upon return from England, he was posted to serve in the province of Punjab in 1926. He served in various administrative positions in different districts of the province, before being appointed as Under Secretary in the Government of India in 1930. He returned to Provincial administration in 1936. Akhter Husain received a British government award of Order of the British Empire (OBE) on 1 January 1944 for his groundbreaking work of settlement in the district of Gurgaon in Punjab in 1943. He was appointed Chief Secretary in the undivided Punjab in 1946, a position he occupied during the partition of British India.
Pakistan Government Service
He continued to serve as the Chief Secretary of West Punjab in the newly formed Dominion of Pakistan in 1947.
Governor
Akhter Husain was appointed Governor on 28 August 1957 and remained in this position following the imposition of Martial law in Oct 1958. In the same year he was appointed Chairman of the Land Reforms Commission and provincial administration committee. In 1958, he was awarded the highest civil award of Hilal-i-Pakistan. He was responsible for raising money for the construction of the Pakistan Day Memorial Monument (now known as Minar-e-Pakistan) and laid its foundation stone in the then Minto Park Lahore on 23 March 1960.
Later years
In 1960 after his governorship, he was appointed as minister in the Presidential cabinet successively holding the portfolios of Information and Broadcasting and then Education and Kashmir Affairs. In order to hold these quasi-political positions, he retired from the Civil Service. He was also the recipient of the honorary degree of Doctor of Law from the University of the Punjab.
He was subsequently appointed Chief Election Commissioner of Pakistan and served in that position between 1962 and 1964. He also held the office of President of Anjuman-i Taraqqi-i Urdu (The organisation for the promotion and development of the Urdu language) from 1962 to 1983 and was Chairman of Pakistan Burmah Shell from 1968 until his death in 1983.
References
1902 births
1983 deaths
Indian Civil Service (British India) officers
Governors of West Pakistan
Pakistani civil servants
Defence Secretaries of Pakistan
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Aligarh Muslim University alumni
People from Burhanpur
Muhajir people
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akhter%20Husain |
Finale is the second live double album (and eighth overall release) by singer-songwriter duo Loggins and Messina, released in early 1977. Tracks on the album are from performances while touring in 1975 and 1976.
The duo had parted by the time this album was released, and it was considered by some purely as a profit-taking move intended to see what money could be made before the pair faded from the public mind and in that light it can be considered a Columbia 'corporate' release, rather than one intended by artists Kenny Loggins or Jim Messina.
This was the last album by Kenny Loggins shortly before his first solo album, Celebrate Me Home, was released April 1977.
Track listing
Disc one
Side One
"Introduction" – 1:42
"Travelin' Blues" (Jim Messina) – 3:07
"Medley:" – 6:34
Danny's Song (Kenny Loggins)
A Love Song (Loggins, Donna Lyn George)
House at Pooh Corner (Loggins)
Thinking of You (Messina)
"Keep Me in Mind" (Messina) – 4:04
"Pretty Princess" (Messina, Murray MacLeod) – 6:40
Side Two
"Brighter Days" (Loggins, Donna Lyn George) – 3:39
"Be Free" (Messina) – 7:06
"Peacemaker" (Loggins, John Townsend, Ed Sanford) – 5:00
"Growin'" (Loggins, Ronnie Wilkins) – 2:43
Disc two
Side Three
"Motel Cowboy" (Loggins, Messina) – 2:57
"Country Medley:" – 7:26
Listen to a Country Song (Messina, Al Garth)
Oh Lonesome Me (Don Gibson)
I'm Movin' On (Hank Snow)
Listen to a Country Song (Reprise)"
"Oklahoma, Home of Mine" (Loggins, Messina) – 3:16
"Changes" (Messina) – 4:29
Side Four
"You Need a Man" (Messina) – 9:20
"Lately My Love" (Messina) – 3:37
"Rock & Roll Medley:" – 5:42
My Music (Loggins, Messina)
Splish Splash (Bobby Darin, Jean Murray)
Boogie Man (Messina)
Personnel
Kenny Loggins – vocals, rhythm guitar, acoustic guitar, harmonica
Jim Messina – vocals, lead guitar, acoustic guitar, mandolin
Merel Bregante – drums
Jon Clarke – saxophone, flute, oboe
Vince Denham – saxophone
Steve Forman – percussion
Richard Greene – violin
George Hawkins – bass guitar and backing vocals on "Pretty Princess"
Jack Lenz – flute, keyboards
Doug Livingston – keyboards on "Pretty Princess"
Willy Ornelas – drums on "Pretty Princess"
Woody Paul – rhythm guitar on "Pretty Princess"
Don Roberts – saxophone
Larry Sims – bass guitar, vocals
Charts
Album – Billboard (United States)
References
Loggins and Messina albums
1977 live albums
Albums produced by Jim Messina (musician)
Columbia Records live albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finale%20%28album%29 |
Gorakhnath (also known as Goraksanath, c. early 11th century) was a Hindu yogi, saint who was the influential founder of the Nath Hindu monastic movement in India He is considered one of the two notable disciples of Matsyendranath. His followers are called yogis, Gorakhnathi, Darshani or Kanphata.
He was one of nine saints also known as Navnath and is widely popular in Maharashtra, India. Hagiographies describe him as more than a human teacher and someone outside the laws of time who appeared on earth in different ages. Historians state Gorakhnath lived sometime during the first half of the 2nd millennium CE, but they disagree in which century. Estimates based on archaeology and text range from Briggs' 11th to 12th century to Grierson's estimate of the 14th century.
Gorakhnath is considered a Maha-yogi (or great yogi) in the Hindu tradition. He did not emphasise a specific metaphysical theory or a particular Truth, but emphasised that the search for Truth and the spiritual life is a valuable and normal goal of man. Gorakhnath championed Yoga, spiritual discipline and an ethical life of self-determination as a means to reaching samadhi and one's own spiritual truths.
Gorakhnath, his ideas and yogis have been highly popular in rural India, with monasteries and temples dedicated to him found in many states of India, particularly in the eponymous city of Gorakhpur.
Biography
Historian accounts
Historians vary in their estimate on when Gorakhnath lived. Estimates based on archaeology and text range from Briggs' 11th to 12th century to Baba Farid documents and Jnanesvari manuscripts leading Abbott to connect Gorakhnath to the 13th century, to Grierson, who, relying on evidence discovered in Gujarat, suggests the 14th century. His influence is found in the numerous references to him in the poetry of Kabir and of Guru Nanak of Sikhism, which describe him as a very powerful leader with a large following, thereby suggesting he likely lived around the time these spiritual leaders lived in India.
Historical texts imply that Gorakhnath was originally a Buddhist in a region influenced by Shaivism, and he converted to Hinduism championing Shiva and Yoga. Gorakhnath led a life as a passionate exponent of ideas of Kumarila and Adi Shankara that championed the Yogic and Advaita Vedanta interpretation of the Upanishads. Gorakhnath considered the controversy between dualism and nondualism spiritual theories in medieval India as useless from practice point of view, he emphasised that the choice is of the yogi, that the spiritual discipline and practice by either path leads to "perfectly illumined samadhi state of the individual phenomenal consciousness", states Banerjea.
Hagiographic accounts
The hagiography on Gorakhnath describe him to have appeared on earth several times. The legends do not provide a time or place where he was born, and consider him to be superhuman. North Indian hagiographies suggest he originated from northwest India (Punjab, with some mentioning Peshawar). Other hagiographies on Gorakhnath in Bengal and Bihar suggest he originated from eastern region of India (Assam).
These hagiographies are inconsistent, and offer varying records of the spiritual descent of Gorakhnath. All name Adinath and Matsyendranath as two teachers preceding him in the succession. Though one account lists five gurus preceding Adinath and another lists six teachers between Matsyendranath and Gorakhnath, current tradition has Adinath identified with Lord Shiva as the direct teacher of Matsyendranath, who was himself the direct teacher of Gorakhnath.
Nath Sampradaya
The Nath tradition states that its traditions existed before Gorakhnath, but the movement's greatest expansion happened under the guidance and inspiration of Gorakhnath. He produced a number of writings and even today is considered the greatest of the Naths. It has been purported that Gorakhnath wrote the first books on Laya yoga. In India there are many caves, many with temples built over them, where it is said that Gorakhnath spent time in meditation. According to Bhagawan Nityananda, the samadhi shrine (tomb) of Gorakhnath is at Nath Mandir near the Vajreshwari temple about one kilometre from Ganeshpuri, Maharashtra, India. According to legends Gorakhnath and Matsyendranath did penance in Kadri Temple at Mangalore, Karnataka. They are also instrumental in laying Shivlingam at Kadri and Dharmasthala.
The temple of Gorakhnath is also situated on hill called Garbhagiri near Vambori, Tal Rahuri; Dist Ahmednagar. There is also a famous temple of Gorakhnath in the state of Odisha.
Gorakhnath Math
The Gorakhnath Math is a monastery of the Nath monastic group named after the medieval saint, Gorakhnath (c. 11th century), of the Nath sampradaya. The math and town of Gorakhpur in Uttar Pradesh is named after him. The monastery and the temple perform various cultural and social activities and serve as the cultural hub of the city. The monastery also publishes texts on the philosophy of Gorakhnath.
The math was established in the late 18th century with simultaneous grants of land to muslim holy man, Baba Roshan Ali Shah and Baba Gorakhnath by the Asaf-ud Daula, the Nawab of Awadh.The tomb of Roshan Ali and the Gorakhnath temple on the opposite sides of the city form the core of the identity of Gorakhpur.The math is situated in a Muslim majority area, and until 1980s the Math asyncretic identity with devotees and visitors from diverse communal background.
Influence
Hatha yoga
Some scholars associate the origins of Hatha yoga with the Nath yogis, in particular Gorakhnath and his guru Matsyendranath. According to British indologist James Mallinson, this association is false. In his view, the origins of hatha yoga should be associated with the Dashanami Sampradaya of Advaita Vedanta (Hinduism), the mystical figure of Dattatreya, and the Rāmānandīs.
While the origins of Hatha yoga are disputed, according to Guy Beck, a professor of Religious Studies known for his studies on Yoga and music, "the connections between Goraknath, the Kanphatas and Hatha yoga are beyond question".
Langars (community kitchens)
According to Arvind-Pal Singh Mandair, a professor in Asian languages and cultures, the Gorakhnath orders were operating free community kitchens in Punjab before Guru Nanak founded Sikhism. Gorakhnath shrines have continued to operate a langar and provide a free meal to pilgrims who visit.
Nepal
The Gurkhas of Nepal take their name from this saint. Gorkha, a historical district of Nepal, is named after him.
There is a cave with his paduka (footprints) and an idol of him. Every year on the day of Baisakh Purnima there is a great celebration in Gorkha at his cave, called Rot Mahotsav; it has been celebrated for the last seven hundred years.
A legend asserts, state William Northey and John Morris, that a disciple of Machendra by name Gorakhnath, once visited Nepal and retired to a little hill near Deo Patan. There he meditated in an unmovable state for twelve years. The locals built a temple in his honour there, and it has since been remembered with.
Siddhar tradition
In the Siddhar tradition of Tamil Nadu, Gorakhnath is one of the 18 esteemed Siddhars of yore, and is better known as Korakkar. Siddhar Agastya and Siddhar Bhogar were his gurus. There is a temple in Vadukku Poigainallur, Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu which specifically houses his Jeeva Samadhi. According to one account, he spent much of his youth in the Velliangiri Mountains, Coimbatore.
There are various other shrines in respect of Korakkar; located in Perur, Thiruchendur and Trincomalee, to name a few. Korakkar Caves are found in both Sathuragiri and the Kolli Hills, where he is noted to have practised his sadhana. Like his colleagues, the 18 Siddhars, Korakkar also penned much cryptic Tamil poetry pertaining to Medicine, Philosophy and Alchemy. He was one of the first to use Cannabis in his medicinal preparations for certain ailments, and as such the plant has another less well known name, Korakkar Mooligai (Korakkar's Herb).
West Bengal – Assam – Tripura - Bangladesh
The Bengali Hindu community in Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura and Assam and the country Bangladesh have a sizeable number of people belonging to the Nath Sampradaya, variously named as Nath or Yogi Nath, who have taken the name from Gorakhnath. They were marginalised in Medieval Bengal.
Works
Romola Butalia, an Indian writer of Yoga history, lists the works attributed to Gorakhnath as including the Gorakṣaśataka, Goraksha Samhita, Goraksha Gita, Siddha Siddhanta Paddhati, Yoga Martanda, Yoga Siddhanta Paddhati, Yogabīja, Yogacintamani.
Siddha Siddhanta Paddhati
The Siddha Siddhanta Paddhati is a Hatha Yoga Sanskrit text attributed to Gorakhnath by the Nath tradition. According to Feuerstein (1991: p. 105), it is "one of the earliest hatha yoga scriptures, the Siddha Siddhanta Paddhati, contains many verses that describe the avadhuta" (liberated) yogi.
The Siddha Siddhanta Paddhati text is based on an advaita (nonduality) framework, where the yogi sees "himself in all beings, and all in himself" including the identity of the individual soul (Atman) with the universal (Brahman). This idea appears in the text in various forms, such as the following:
See also
Gorakh Aya
Maya Machhindra
Gorakhnath Temple
Yogi Nath
Gorakh Hill
Korakkar
Ratan Nath Temple
Tilla Jogian
List of Hindu gurus and saints
References
Sources
(2009 Reprint)
Further reading
Adityanath (2005). Gorakhnath. Retrieved 7 March 2006.
Romola Butalia (2003). In the Presence of the Masters. Delhi, India: Motilal Banarsidass.
Dhallapiccola, Anna. Dictionary of Hindu Lore and Legend.
Gordan Djurdjevic & Shukdev Singh, Sayings of Gorakhnāth: Annotated Translation of the Gorakh Bānī, , Oxford University Press, 2019.
Mahendranath, Shri Gurudev. Notes on Pagan India. Retrieved 7 March 2006.
External links
Bibliography of Goraksanatha's works, Item 666, Karl Potter, University of Washington
11th-century births
Ascetics
Indian Shaivite religious leaders
Mahasiddhas
Indian Hindu yogis
Inchegeri Sampradaya
Hindu philosophers and theologians
Spiritual practice
Spiritual teachers
Medieval Hindu religious leaders
Year of death unknown
Place of death unknown
Place of birth unknown
Navnath | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorakhnath |
The John F. Welch Technology Centre (JFWTC) is the formal name of the GE Global Research and technology development site located in Whitefield, Bangalore. The JFWTC is General Electric's (GE) first and largest integrated, multidisciplinary research and development center outside the US. The center is also known as Bangalore Engineering Center or BEC. The team has more than 5,000 engineers and scientists working at the JFWTC Bangalore. It was founded by former CEO of GE John F. Welch on 17 September 2000.
Alok Nanda is the current Managing Director of JFWTC.
References
External links
Web Site of John F. Welch Technology Centre
General Electric
Research and development organizations | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20F.%20Welch%20Technology%20Centre |
Karur Vysya Bank is a Scheduled Commercial Bank, headquartered in Karur in Tamil Nadu, India. It was founded in 1916 by M. A. Venkatarama Chettiar and Athi Krishna Chettiar. The bank primarily operates in the treasury, corporate/wholesale banking, and retail banking segments.
KVB provides services such as personal, corporate, and agricultural banking and services to NRIs and SMBs. The bank had approximately 800 branches and 1,650 ATMs as of 31 March 2020. KVB has recorded a Total
Business of with deposits of and advances of .
History
The Karur Vysya Bank Limited, popularly known as KVB, was set up on 25 July 1916 by M. A. Venkatarama Chettiar and Athi Krishna Chettiar to capitalise on the previously unexploited market of traders and agriculturists in and around Karur, a town in Tamil Nadu. The bank later expanded out of Karur in search of additional business opportunities and established a presence across India.
The bank celebrated its centenary on 10 September 2016 at Chennai with the then-President of India Shri. Pranab Mukherjee as the guest of honor.
See also
Banking in India
List of banks in India
Reserve Bank of India
Indian Financial System Code
List of largest banks
List of companies of India
Make in India
References
External links
The official site of The Karur Vysya Bank Limited
Private sector banks in India
Banks established in 1916
Companies based in Karur
Companies based in Tamil Nadu
Indian companies established in 1916
Companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India
Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karur%20Vysya%20Bank |
Bruno Senna Lalli (, born 15 October 1983) is a Brazilian professional racing driver. He is the nephew of the late Ayrton Senna, three-time Formula One world champion. He is also the first driver to win a race in every class in the FIA World Endurance Championship, and was the 2017 WEC world champion in the LMP2 class.
Bruno Senna raced in Formula One from 2010 to 2012. He made his debut driving for Hispania Racing in 2010, raced for Renault from August 2011 as a replacement for Nick Heidfeld, and drove for the Williams team in 2012. Between 2014 and 2016, he drove for Mahindra Racing in Formula E. His mother is Ayrton's older sister, Viviane. His father, Flávio Lalli, died in a motorcycle crash in 1996. The colour scheme of Bruno's helmet is a slightly modified version of that used by his uncle Ayrton.
Career
Early career
Born in São Paulo, he was first taught the skills of motor racing by his grandfather Milton da Silva at the age of five. Bruno raced go-karts against his uncle on the family farm, and Ayrton regarded his nephew's potential very highly. When leaving McLaren at the end of , Ayrton said: "If you think I'm fast, just wait until you see my nephew Bruno". Ayrton's death while driving a Williams at the 1994 San Marino Grand Prix, however, brought Bruno's own racing career to an abrupt halt. Despite these setbacks including the death of his father in a motorbike accident in 1996, Bruno's mother and his uncle Ayrton's sister Viviane had reluctantly backed her son's interest in motor racing.
At Imola in 2004, on the 10th anniversary of his uncle's death, Senna was given an example of his uncle's 1986 Lotus 98T as a gift from an Italian friend. Senna drove the car at the 2004 Brazilian Grand Prix meeting in São Paulo, at Interlagos, where Ayrton had won in 1991 and 1993. Ayrton's McLaren teammate from to , Gerhard Berger is a close friend of the Senna family and has advised Senna on his career. Senna's sister, Bianca, meanwhile, has managed his affairs and sponsorship acquisition.
In 2004, Bruno competed in six races of the Formula BMW UK series for Carlin Motorsport, scoring six points.
Formula Three (2005–2006)
In 2005, he moved on to the British Formula Three Championship, driving for the Räikkönen Robertson Racing team owned by then-McLaren Formula One driver Kimi Räikkönen and his business managers David and Steve Robertson. His results included three podium finishes in the last seven races of the season, as he finished tenth in the final standings. In 2006 he stayed with the team and finished third in the series standings behind champion and teammate Mike Conway and Oliver Jarvis, taking five victories. He won the opening two races of the series at Oulton Park in the wet. He again won the first race at Donington Park and then won the second race at Mugello in Italy, again in the wet.
Senna had a massive crash during the first race of round five of the series at Snetterton. On lap 2, he and Hitech Racing's Salvador Durán clashed wheels on the Revett Straight at nearly . Senna's car took off just before the bridge, and may have even clipped it, while cartwheeling through the air. His car landed violently and careered along and down the safety barrier for some distance, but Senna walked away. His car however was damaged beyond immediate repair and Senna missed out on the second race of the day. On the rear wing of the car he had advertised his uncle's foundation.
In 2006, Senna competed in the Formula Three support races at the 2006 Australian Grand Prix, winning three of the four races. Driving a Spiess Opel powered Dallara F304, Senna set the Formula Three lap record of 1:50.8640 in the first race of the meeting which as of 2016 remains the fastest ever non-F1 lap of the Melbourne Grand Prix Circuit. Senna finished 3rd in the race, the only one of the 4 races he did not win over the weekend.
On 28 May Senna made his first appearance on Monaco circuit, as a guest in the Porsche Supercup event. Unfortunately, he was forced to retire at the first corner because of a clutch failure.
In October 2006 he appeared in an eight-part weekly series called Vroom Vroom on British TV station Sky One. Each week he would drive a different car being tested on the show, as quickly as possible, to the top of a multi-storey car park.
GP2 Series (2007–2008)
In October 2006 Senna was said to be targeting a seat on the Formula One grid by . He signed to drive for the Red Bull-sponsored Arden International team for the 2007 GP2 Series. He finished fourth on his debut at Bahrain and soon after scored his first win in the feature race in Spain. In the single race Monaco event, Senna struggled owing to poor tyres.
During the four-week break in the GP2 series between the Monaco and French races, Senna took part in the third round of the Ferrari Challenge Trofeo Pirelli European series at Silverstone on 9 and 10 June 2007. Driving an F430 on a weekend devoted to the 60th anniversary of Ferrari, Senna won both races, starting each from pole. The purpose of this involvement was to gain a better understanding of the circuit, which is on the GP2 calendar.
At Silverstone, a mistake during qualifying on the Friday meant Senna started 26th and last. After a great start Senna was able to finish 11th in the feature race. The sprint race was not any better in terms of points with a 10th-place finish. A poor qualifying session at the Nurburgring for the feature race meant Senna started 16th but was up to ninth after a cleverly timed first pit stop. However he was given a drive-through penalty after being involved in a collision with Adam Carroll and ended up finishing a poor 15th. The Sprint race ended on the first lap after a collision. At Hungary for both races, Senna finished out of the top ten after struggling with the set-up of the car. The feature race in Turkey brought another poor result, however Senna finished sixth in the sprint race and with it came his first points since France. At Monza Senna finished fourth after starting fourteenth. Starting fifth for the sprint race Senna had an excellent start by moving up to second, however after contact with Luca Filippi resulted in bent steering, Senna managed to finish third and on the podium for the first time since France in July. At Spa Senna showed raw pace through practice and set the third fastest time early on during Qualifying for the feature race. However a stall on the grid meant he started 22nd and while fighting to make up ground he got a bit of oversteer and then the camber changed, ending his day in the tyre barrier. Starting at the back of the grid for the sprint race, Senna finished eighth leaving Belgium pointless. At the season finale in Valencia Spain, Senna ended the feature race with a DNF and thus starting the sprint race from 19th could only manage to finish 14th. This was a positive season on the whole for Senna finishing in the top 10 in only his third full year of single seater racing, with one win and three podiums.
Senna switched teams for the 2008 season, moving to iSport International, where his teammate was Karun Chandhok. He also drove for the team in the 2008 GP2 Asia Series. In the second round of the season at Istanbul Senna collided with a stray dog during the sprint race. The suspension of Senna's car was damaged in the incident, causing him to retire. Senna himself escaped without injury, while the dog died in the incident. Senna won the GP2 Feature race at Monte Carlo, the first time in 15 years since the Senna name has shown at the top of the leaderboards at the principality. It also moved Senna to first position in the points table, although he was to eventually finish runner-up in the championship to Giorgio Pantano.
Le Mans Series (2009)
Senna had been holding out for a Formula One drive for , and after he realised this would not happen, he began looking at other opportunities to keep him "race fit" ahead of negotiations for a drive in Formula One. He tested with the Mercedes-AMG DTM team, but after holding talks with the outfit he decided he did not want to commit himself to the series.
After testing an Oreca LMP1 car, Senna joined the team to race the 24 Hours of Le Mans and the Le Mans Series. His first race was the 2009 1000 km of Catalunya, teamed with Stéphane Ortelli, finishing 3rd.
Formula One
Bruno Senna sampled a contemporary Formula One car for the first time in November 2008 when he tested for Honda in Barcelona. Honda assessed the Brazilian during their first winter test at the Circuit de Catalunya on 17–19 November. His tasks included an initial familiarisation with Honda's RA108 car and its systems before progressing to a full programme during which the team intended to evaluate his performance, technical skill and ability to work within a large team organisation.
Despite Senna, over the course of the three-day test, coming to within 0.3 seconds of then Honda F1 racing driver Jenson Button, the later announcement that Honda would withdraw from Formula One with immediate effect amid the economic crisis appeared to have significantly lessened his opportunity of a 2009 race seat in Formula One, unless the squad were to find a buyer before the beginning of the season in March. Senna was expected to be the team's second driver were it to make the 2009 grid, until Rubens Barrichello was reported to have re-signed with the team. Senna decided not to sign with Mercedes for the 2009 Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters season "to focus completely on his Formula One chances". Bruno Senna said to the BBC in an interview that he did not want to negotiate with Lotus because of sentimental reasons as his uncle Ayrton Senna took his first win with Team Lotus. He also told the BBC that "I felt important to enter F1 now otherwise I would never be in it". He also told the BBC he had been negotiating with Manor GP, Campos Meta and one existing outfit rumoured to be Brawn GP as he was close to securing a drive the previous season but Barrichello renewed his contract with Brawn.
Rubens Barrichello admitted he was lucky to be driving for Brawn. Barrichello said "I'm just lucky that at this time F1 has changed a little bit". He also wished Bruno the very best in the future, saying he only had a position as Ross Brawn chose the more experienced person because of lack of testing time. He also said he was sure due to Senna's potential that he would get a drive next season.
HRT (2010)
On 30 October 2009, Senna announced that he had signed a deal to race in Formula One in 2010; on 31 October 2009, Adrián Campos confirmed that Senna would be driving for Campos Meta. It was unclear whether Senna still had the drive after the takeover of Campos by José Ramón Carabante, with new team principal Colin Kolles saying the new-look team would need to find extra funding, review the existing operation, and announce the driver line up in due course, with no mention of Senna. On 2 March, Campos announced a name change to Hispania Racing. Two days later, Karun Chandhok was confirmed as Senna's teammate.
After nine races, Senna was replaced for the , with Sakon Yamamoto filling his seat. Senna returned to the driver's seat for the with Yamamoto replacing Chandhok in the team's other car.
On 7 January 2011, HRT announced that Senna would not drive for them during the 2011 season.
Renault (2011)
On 31 January 2011, Senna was announced as a test and reserve driver for the Renault team. On 9 February, the team confirmed that Senna would be sharing testing duties with Nick Heidfeld on the Saturday and Sunday of the four-day test at Jerez. This was to evaluate the drivers in preparation of replacing the injured Robert Kubica for the season. Heidfeld was given the race seat on 16 February 2011. On 24 July 2011, after the conclusion of the , it was confirmed that Senna would make his first appearance of the season, replacing Heidfeld in the first free-practice session at the .
On 22 August, Eddie Jordan reported that Senna would replace Nick Heidfeld for the remaining races of the 2011 season. On 24 August this was confirmed by Renault. He qualified seventh for his first race with the team, the , and finished 13th after colliding with Jaime Alguersuari at the first corner, for which Senna received a drive-through penalty. He finished ninth at the , scoring his first Formula One points. In Singapore, the Renault cars struggled with grip on the slow street circuit, with Senna qualifying and finishing 15th, ahead of teammate Petrov. Senna finished 16th in Japan, 13th in Korea, and 12th in the first , after being forced to change tyres late in the race. In Abu Dhabi, Senna again finished 16th after receiving a drive-through penalty for ignoring blue flags, and suffering a KERS failure. In the final race of the season, his home race in Brazil, Senna outqualified Petrov for the third time, by starting ninth on the grid. On lap 10 of the race, Senna was involved in a collision with Michael Schumacher, for which Senna received a drive-through penalty, and finished the race in 17th place.
On 9 December, it was announced that Romain Grosjean would partner Kimi Räikkönen at the team in , leaving Senna without a drive.
Williams (2012)
On 17 January 2012, Senna was confirmed as a Williams driver, where he was partnered by Venezuelan Pastor Maldonado. As his uncle had been racing for Williams at the time of his death, Senna first sought out his family's blessing before joining the team. Senna qualified 14th for the , and retired in the race's closing stages after contact with Felipe Massa; both drivers later agreed that it was a racing incident. He was classified 16th, having completed around 90% of the race distance. On 25 March, Senna scored his first points for Williams at the Malaysian Grand Prix, finishing in sixth place, for which he earned eight points after coming through the field in changeable conditions. Senna's result in Sepang gained more points for the team than Williams had earned throughout the whole of the 2011 season, Senna finished 7th in China and classified 22nd in Bahrain after retiring due to brake issues. Three races later, Maldonado won his first Grand Prix in Spain as Senna retired in a collision with Michael Schumacher. After the race, a fire broke out in the Williams garage. Senna's car was damaged and four crew members were treated for injuries.
Senna finished 10th in Monaco, 17th in Canada and in Europe Senna picked up a drive through penalty after a collision with Kamui Kobayashi, the damage from the collision and the penalty dropped Senna to 22nd and last, Senna finished the race in 11th which became 10th after teammate Maldonado was given a 20-second time penalty after a collision with Lewis Hamilton. In Britain, Senna qualified 15th after he had to slow in his last lap as Romain Grosjean spun in the last corner, he started 13th after grid penalties and after a strong start finished the race in 9th. At the 2012 Belgian Grand Prix Senna scored the first fastest lap of his career after a late puncture dropped him from 8th place to 12th place. Senna finished the season 16th in the Championship on 31 points and was dropped by Williams for in favour of Finnish rookie Valtteri Bottas on 28 November 2012.
FIA World Endurance Championship and Le Mans return
Aston Martin (2013–2014)
On 5 February 2013, it was confirmed that Senna would be racing for Aston Martin Racing in the FIA World Endurance Championship and the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 2013.
Senna and his co-drivers had a successful start to the championship, winning at Silverstone and then collecting another podium at Spa. At Le Mans, the Aston Martin Vantage GT2 #99 driven by Senna, Rob Bell and Frédéric Makowiecki started from pole position in the GTE class but did not finish the race after serious crash with 5 hours to the end, when running 3rd. Makowiecki had no major injures from the accident. In Brazil at São Paulo there was contact with other cars just in front of Senna resulting in Senna making contact with one of the cars causing suspension damage that forced him to retire from the race.
McLaren (2015–)
On 9 February 2015 it was confirmed that Senna would be a factory driver for the McLaren GT3 project.
Rebellion Racing (2017–2020)
For 2017, Senna joined the Swiss flagged Vaillante Rebellion Racing. Driving the number 13 car in the LMP2 class, Senna and his teammate Julien Canal won the world championship. The LMP2 championship came down to the last race of the season. That final, the six hours of Bahrain, saw Rebellion's #13 (driven by Julien Canal, Bruno Senna, and Nico Prost) and rivals Jackie Chan DC Racing both within one race of clenching the season title. After trailing to their rivals for much of the race, the Rebellion #13 car took the lead. However, with Senna at the wheel, the car suffered a loss of power steering during the final stint. Despite the power steering failure, Senna muscled through for the final 50 minutes of the race to win the race and the championship.
Formula E (2014–2016)
On 26 May 2014, Mahindra Racing confirmed Karun Chandhok and Senna as their Formula E drivers for the 2014–15 season. Senna remained with the team for the 2015–16 season. He did not re-sign ahead of the 2016–17 season and left the series.
Airspeeder (2022–)
On March 10 2022, electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) racing series Airspeeder confirmed Senna as a development pilot and global ambassador. Senna will play a major role in developing the sport as it moves towards the first crewed Airspeeder Grand Prix's in 2023 working with the company’s leading team of engineers on developing onboard safety technology.
Television punditry
On 7 March 2014, Senna was added to Sky Sports F1's line-up for seven races: Malaysia, China, Hungary, Singapore, Russia, USA and Brazil. Senna also commentated during practice sessions alongside David Croft as well as providing race analysis with the presentation day throughout the seven Grand Prix weekends.
Senna also made guest appearances on The F1 Show and operated the Skypad.
On 8 March 2016, Senna was announced as part of Channel 4's Formula One coverage, appearing in special features throughout the season.
Awards
On 15 July 2012, Senna collected the Lorenzo Bandini Trophy in Brisighella, Italy he was the 19th driver to collect the award.
Helmet design
Bruno Senna's helmet is a modified version of his uncle's helmet design: a yellow helmet with a green and blue S shaped stripe. The green stripe has a blue and white outline, while the blue stripe has a green and white outline. There is a green stripe under the chin area and a blue rounded rectangle in the top area.
Personal life
Senna dated Ramóna Kiss, a Hungarian TV presenter and actress, in 2011.
Racing record
Career summary
† As Senna was a guest driver, he was ineligible to score points.
Complete GP2 Series results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Complete GP2 Asia Series results
(key) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Complete Formula One results
(key) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Did not finish, but was classified as he had completed more than 90% of the race distance.
Complete European Le Mans Series results
Complete 24 Hours of Le Mans results
Complete FIA World Endurance Championship results
Complete WeatherTech SportsCar Championship results
Complete Stock Car Brasil results
† Ineligible for championship points.
Complete Formula E results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)
† Driver did not finish the race, but was classified as he completed over 75% of the race distance.
Notes and references
External links
BBC Sport 'Meet the New Senna' 16 July 2008
1983 births
Living people
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in the United Kingdom
Brazilian Formula One drivers
Brazilian people of Italian descent
Asian Formula Renault Challenge drivers
British Formula Three Championship drivers
European Le Mans Series drivers
Formula BMW UK drivers
GP2 Series drivers
Brazilian GP2 Series drivers
GP2 Asia Series drivers
HRT Formula One drivers
Racing drivers from São Paulo
Porsche Supercup drivers
Renault Formula One drivers
Williams Formula One drivers
24 Hours of Le Mans drivers
American Le Mans Series drivers
FIA World Endurance Championship drivers
Blancpain Endurance Series drivers
Stock Car Brasil drivers
24 Hours of Spa drivers
Brazilian Formula E drivers
Brazilian WeatherTech SportsCar Championship drivers
24 Hours of Daytona drivers
Carlin racing drivers
Double R Racing drivers
Arden International drivers
ISport International drivers
Oreca drivers
Aston Martin Racing drivers
Mahindra Racing drivers
Morand Racing drivers
Rebellion Racing drivers
Extreme Speed Motorsports drivers
United Autosports drivers
Campos Racing drivers
McLaren Racing drivers
Porsche Carrera Cup Germany drivers
Brazilian racing drivers
Ferrari Challenge drivers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno%20Senna |
Daniel Mark Cere is a professor of Religious Studies at McGill University and researcher on religion, law, and ethics. In 2015 he was appointed Interim-Dean of the Faculty of Religious Studies of McGill University. He also serves as the director of the Institute for the Study of Marriage Law and Culture and Vice President of the Newman Institute of Catholic Studies. He served as director of Montreal's Newman Centre from 2000-2006. Cere has been a consultant for government and religious institutions on issues of religious freedom, reasonable accommodation, and family law in both Canada and the United States.
Cere founded the journal Newman Rambler in 1996 and the Newman Institute of Catholic Studies (incorporated in 2000). In 1998, together with his wife, Jackie Cere (née Darwent), he launched the Dominus Vobiscum marriage and family retreat centre.
In 2018, the Archdiocese of Montreal awarded the Ceres with the Bishop Crowley Memorial award for their 20 years of service at the Dominus Vobiscum retreat centre.
Publications
The Experts' Story of Courtship (1999)
The Future of Family Law (2005)
Divorcing Marriage (2004)
Toward a Gospel witness: Confronting child abuse (2010)
External links
McGill University's Faculty of Religious Studies
Newman Institute of Catholic Studies
Institute for the Study of Marriage Law and Culture
Institute for American Values
The Newman Rambler
Dominus Vobiscum: Marriage & Family Retreat Centre
Living people
Canadian political scientists
Academic staff of McGill University
Year of birth missing (living people) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20Cere |
Vittorio Gui (14 September 188516 October 1975) was an Italian conductor, composer, musicologist and critic.
Gui was born in Rome in 1885. He graduated in humanities at the University of Rome and also studied composition at the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia; his principal composition teachers were the noted composers Giacomo Setaccioli and Stanislao Falchi. His style was "impressionistic with characteristic Italian traits".
Gui's opera David premiered in Rome in 1907; later that year, he made his professional conducting debut at the Teatro Adriano in Rome, leading Ponchielli's La Gioconda as a substitute. This led to invitations to conduct in Naples and Turin (he met Claude Debussy in Turin in 1911). In 1923, Arturo Toscanini invited him to conduct Salome by Richard Strauss as the season opener at La Scala in Milan. He conducted the Teatro Regio in Turin from 1925 to 1927; in his last year in Turin, he premiered his fairy-tale opera Fata Malerba there. (Other notable compositions included the cantata Cantico dei cantici ("Song of Songs") from 1921, and the symphonic poem Giulietta e Romeo (with voices, from 1902).)
In 1928, Gui founded and conducted the Orchestra Stabile; he developed the organization of the orchestra into the 1933 Maggio Musicale Fiorentino or "Florence May Music Festival", which he led until 1943. At the festival he conducted unusual operas such as Verdi's Luisa Miller, Spontini's La vestale, Cherubini's Médée and Gluck's Armide.
In 1933 Bruno Walter invited Gui to be guest conductor at the Salzburg Festival, and in 1936 Sir Thomas Beecham invited him to be a regular conductor at the Royal Opera House at Covent Garden. He spent World War II in Britain. In 1948, he made his debut with the Glyndebourne Festival company, leading Mozart's Così fan tutte in the Carl Ebert production at the Edinburgh Festival. He served as the Glyndebourne Festival's Musical Director from 1951 to 1963, and as its "artistic counselor" from 1963 to 1965, when he made his last appearances there.
Gui was particularly known for his conducting of the works of Brahms, of which he was said to be a leading conductor in Italy. In 1947, the 50th anniversary of Brahms's death, Gui conducted a complete cycle of Brahms's orchestral and choral works in that country. He was also known for conducting contemporary music and first performances; among works he premiered was Dallapiccola's first major composition, his Partita, in 1933.
Vittorio Gui was also a prolific author and critic. Notable writings include his 1924 study of Boito's opera Nerone, an article on "Mozart in Italy" from 1955, and his collected essays, Battute d'aspetto (1946).
Gui died in Florence in 1975, aged 90.
Recordings
Numerous recordings survive of Gui's work either from the studio or as airchecks, including the last two Brahms symphonies and some Mozart symphonies, and numerous operatic performances. Among others, his 1949 recording of Verdi's opera A Masked Ball has been reissued on CD, as has his 1950 performance of Wagner's Parsifal with Maria Callas. His 1952 performance of Bellini's Norma with Callas on EMI is particularly prized, as is his pioneering 1937 complete recording of the opera with Gina Cigna in the title role and Ebe Stignani as Adalgisa, made in Turin. His 1962 Abbey Road Studio-1 stereo recording by the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra of Rossini's The Barber of Seville has been released on the Great Recordings of the Century by EMI. There is also a recording of The Marriage of Figaro from Glyndebourne on EMI, with Sena Jurinac as the Contessa.
In 1954 he conducted Spontini's Agnes von Hohenstaufen at the Maggio Musicale Fiorentino with Franco Corelli, Lucilla Udovich and Giangiacomo Guelfi.
External links
Biography
"Vittorio Gui," Naxos Records, retrieved 8 May 2021.
"The Production of Modest Musorgsky’s Opera Khovanshchina at La Scala (1933) as an Attempt to Reconstruct the Authentic Image of an Artwork"
References
1885 births
1975 deaths
Composers from Rome
Italian composers
Italian male composers
Italian male conductors (music)
Music directors (opera)
Glyndebourne Festival Opera
Sapienza University of Rome alumni
Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia alumni
20th-century Italian musicologists
20th-century Italian conductors (music)
20th-century Italian male musicians | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vittorio%20Gui |
The Chief Herald of Canada is the head of the Canadian Heraldic Authority, directing the operations of the CHA and making the grants of arms. There are exceptions to this, such as certain grants made directly by the governor general. The position has been held by Samy Khalid since 20 May 2020.
The chief herald is also tasked with publicly reading the royal proclamation of the accession of a new monarch of Canada.
Holders of the office
1988–2007: Robert Watt
2007–2020: Claire Boudreau
2020–present: Samy Khalid
See also
Royal Heraldry Society of Canada
References
External links
Canadian Heraldic Authority
Offices of arms
Canadian Heraldic Authority | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief%20Herald%20of%20Canada |
Legan chess (or Legan's game) is a chess variant invented by L. Legan in 1913. It differs from standard chess by the starting position as well as by pawn movements.
Rules
The starting setup is illustrated. The game can be also played with the board rotated by 45° clockwise to make pawn movements easier to understand. There is no castling and no en passant. Otherwise, the rules of chess apply.
Pawn movement
Pawns move one square diagonally forward: White from right to left; Black left to right. They capture orthogonally in direction of movements (see diagram). The white pawn on f3 can move to e4 and capture on e3 and f4. The black pawn on b6 can move to c5 and capture on b5 and c6.
Pawn promotion
Pawns promote on squares occupied in the initial position by the opponent's king, bishops, knights, and rooks. For example, white pawns promote on squares a5–a8–d8 (marked with white dots); black pawns on e1–h1–h4 (marked with black dots). Note that the pawns that start on d1, h5, a4 and e8 cannot promote without moving toward the center of the board via capturing.
References
Bibliography
Chess variants
1913 in chess
Board games introduced in 1913 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legan%20chess |
Surf Life Saving Clubs (or SLSCs) are volunteer institutions at Australia's beaches. The clubs conduct surf lifesaving services on weekends and public holidays, and in the 2014-2015 season they saved 12,690 people. They also host many beach sport activities, such as Nippers, surf carnivals and other competitions. The SLSCs are responsible for the education of Lifesavers including operation of Inflatable Rescue Boats (IRBs) and maintaining radio communication with other beaches and air rescue resources.
See also
Surf Life Saving Australia
List of Australian surf lifesaving clubs
Surf Life Saving New Zealand
References
External links
Surf Life Saving Australia
Surf Life Saving New Zealand
Surf lifesaving | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surf%20Life%20Saving%20Club |
The middleweight boxing competition at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens was held from 14 to 28 August at Peristeri Olympic Boxing Hall. This is limited to those boxers weighing between 69 and 75 kilograms.
Competition format
Like all Olympic boxing events, the competition was a straight single-elimination tournament. This event consisted of 28 boxers who have qualified for the competition through various tournaments held in 2003 and 2004. The competition began with a preliminary round on 14 August, where the number of competitors was reduced to 16, and concluded with the final on 28 August. As there were fewer than 32 boxers in the competition, a number of boxers received a bye through the preliminary round. Both semi-final losers were awarded bronze medals.
All bouts consisted of four rounds of two minutes each, with one-minute breaks between rounds. Punches scored only if the white area on the front of the glove made full contact with the front of the head or torso of the opponent. Five judges scored each bout; three of the judges had to signal a scoring punch within one second for the punch to score. The winner of the bout was the boxer who scored the most valid punches by the end of the bout.
Schedule
All times are Greece Standard Time (UTC+2)
Qualifying athletes
Results
References
External links
Official Olympic Report
Middleweight | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxing%20at%20the%202004%20Summer%20Olympics%20%E2%80%93%20Middleweight |
Lucas Watzenrode the Younger (sometimes Watzelrode and Waisselrod; ; ; 30 October 1447 – 29 March 1512) was Prince-Bishop of Warmia (Ermland) and patron to his nephew, astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus.
Early life
The family and its name stemmed from the Silesian village of Weizenrodau, now Pszenno. Watzenrode was born in Thorn (Toruń), son of the merchant Lucas Watzenrode the Elder (1400–62). He studied at Jagiellonian University, and at the universities of Cologne and Bologna.
After his sister Barbara and her husband Niklas Koppernigk died circa 1483, Lucas cared for their four children, Katharina, Barbara, Andreas and Nicolaus, the last of whom would become known as astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus.
Historic background
The Bishopric of Warmia, previously part of the Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights, had, with the Second Peace of Thorn (1466), come under the protection of the King of Poland. Based on that treaty, the Polish King had the right to appoint the Bishop. Neither the Warmia chapter, however, nor their newly elected bishop, Nicolaus von Tüngen (1467–89), acknowledged the King's right to do so.
Poland contested von Tüngen's election, and this led to the War of the Priests (1467–79) and the First Treaty of Piotrków Trybunalski (1479), by which the chapter was obliged to seek consensus with the Polish king. The Bishopric of Warmia was made suffragan to the Archbishopric of Riga, then headed by Archbishop Michael Hildebrand.
Bishop
This agreement was somewhat vague, as shown in the 1489 election of the next bishop, Lucas Watzenrode, who was mitred by Pope Innocent VIII against the explicit wishes of King Casimir IV Jagiellon, who would have preferred that one of his sons, Frederic, become Bishop of Warmia. Watzenrode resisted, and when Casimir died in 1492 and was succeeded by John I Albert, Watzenrode could finally establish the exemption of the Bishopric from Riga. With the Second Treaty of Piotrków Trybunalski (1512), later bishops accepted a limited influence of the Polish King on elections. The Holy See considered the Bishopric exempt until 1992, when it was made an archbishopric, which by its nature is exempt.
Watzenrode, a successful organizer of his territory's internal affairs, resided at Heilsber, now Lidzbark. He reorganized the cathedral school and planned to found a university at Elbing, now Elbląg. He argued that the Teutonic Order had fulfilled its mission in the Baltic region, by then converted to Christianity, and proposed sending the Order to more heathen regions. The Ottoman Empire was an ongoing threat and had taken over large parts of Europe, and the Bishop suggested that the Order "do battle with the Turks."
The Bishopric was exposed to repeated armed attacks by the Teutonic Order, which attempted to regain the territory. Poland sought to rescind the Prince-Bishopric's autonomy, hoping to force the surrender of its prerogatives to the Polish crown. In this area of conflict, Watzenrode guarded the interests of Warmia and maintained friendly relations with Poland. He was a long-time opponent of the Teutonic Knights, and shortly after his death it was rumored that he had been poisoned by them.
Family
Watzenrode looked after his orphaned two nephews and two nieces. Katharina married businessman and city councilor Barthel Gertner, while Barbara became a Benedictine nun. Watzenrode sent the brothers Nicolaus (Copernicus) and Andreas to study at the Kraków Academy and in Italy (Bologna, Padua, Ferrara). After his studies, Copernicus assisted his uncle in administrative matters and was his closest advisor as well as his personal physician.
Watzenrode also took care of his son Philipp Teschner, whose mother was the daughter of the rector of the Johannes school in Thorn. When Watzenrode became bishop he arranged for Philipp Teschner to become mayor of Braunsberg (now Braniewo).
Lucas Watzenrode the Younger died in Thorn (Toruń) during his return from an official journey.
Notes
References
Bücherei Danzig, J. Kretzmer, Liber de episcopatu et episcopi Varmiensis ex vetusto Chronico Bibliotheca Heilsbergensis, 1593
Christoph Hartknoch, Preußische Kirchen-Historia, Frankfurt a.M., 1668
M.G. Centner, Geehrte und Gelehrte Thorner, Thorn 1763
A. Semrau, "Katalog der Geschlechter der Schöffenbank und des Ratsstuhles in der Altstadt Thorn 1233-1602", in: Mitteilungen des Copernicus-Vereins für Wissenschaft und Kunst zu Thorn 46 (1938)
Poczet biskupów warmińskich, Olsztyn 1998
Jürgen Hamel: Nicolaus Copernicus. - Spektrum Verlag: Heidelberg, 1994.
Further reading
Górski Karol, Łukasz Watzenrode : życie i działalność polityczna (1447-1512), Wrocław 1973.
1447 births
1512 deaths
15th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Poland
Jagiellonian University alumni
Bishops of Warmia
Nicolaus Copernicus
People from Toruń
People from the State of the Teutonic Order
Canons of Warmia
Canons of Włocławek
University of Bologna alumni | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucas%20Watzenrode |
Philip Andrew Babb (born 30 November 1970) is a sports television pundit and former professional football player and manager.
As a player he was a central defender who made over 370 league appearances during his career, most notably spending six Premier League seasons with Liverpool, and also playing in the top flight for Coventry City and Sunderland. He also played in Portugal for Sporting CP and in the Football League for Bradford City and Tranmere Rovers. Babb represented the Republic of Ireland at the 1994 World Cup, playing in 35 internationals.
He later had a spell as manager of Non-league side Hayes & Yeading United, but has largely worked as a pundit for Sky Sports and other networks since retiring.
Club career
Born in Lambeth, London, Babb came through the youth ranks of Millwall, before beginning his senior career in 1990 with Bradford City. He moved to Coventry City in July 1992 for a fee of £500,000, where he spent two seasons before moving to Liverpool on 1 September 1994 for £3.6 million, which made him the most expensive defender in Britain at the time.
Babb only scored once during six Premier League years and 170 appearances in all competitions for Liverpool, incidentally against his former club, Coventry, in September 1996. While at Liverpool he played in the victorious 1995 Football League Cup Final. In 1998, Babb was involved in an infamous blooper against Chelsea which ended with him sliding into the goalpost with a leg either side, injuring his coccyx. In January 2000 he joined Tranmere Rovers on a one-month loan and helped them reach the 2000 Football League Cup Final, however his loan spell ended before the final itself and he was unable to take part. He moved to Portugal with Sporting CP on a free transfer in 2000, appearing in 38 official games in his second season – one goal against FC Midtjylland in the UEFA Cup (3–0 away win, 6–2 on aggregate)– as the Lions conquered both the league and the domestic cup.
Babb ended his career at the age of 33 with Sunderland (also two years), suffering top level relegation in 2003, and helping the Black Cats to a Football League Championship play-off semi-final.
International career
Babb was born in England to a Guyanese father and Irish mother. Having chosen to represent the Republic of Ireland internationally, Babb earned 35 full caps, including four matches at the 1994 FIFA World Cup. In August 2000, he and Ireland teammate Mark Kennedy were sent home from a training camp "after appearing in court charged with drunken and abusive behaviour and causing criminal damage."
Babb's final game for Ireland was in UEFA Euro 2004 qualifying against Russia in Moscow, on 7 September 2002: having come into the game in the 85th minute, his first touch of the ball was diverted behind Irish goalkeeper Shay Given for an own goal.
Managerial career
On 9 May 2013, Babb was appointed as manager of Conference South side Hayes & Yeading United.
He left the club by mutual consent in February 2015.
Personal life
In 2006, Babb became an investor in Golf Punk magazine, alongside former Sunderland teammates Michael Gray, Jason McAteer, Thomas Sørensen and Stephen Wright, saving the publication from closure. He also worked as a pundit for Sky Sports.
Career statistics
Club
International
Honours
Liverpool
League Cup: 1994–95
Sporting CP
Primeira Liga: 2001–02
Taça de Portugal: 2001–02
See also
List of Republic of Ireland international footballers born outside the Republic of Ireland
References
External links
1970 births
Living people
Footballers from Lambeth
Republic of Ireland men's association footballers
Republic of Ireland men's international footballers
Republic of Ireland association football managers
English men's footballers
English football managers
Irish people of Guyanese descent
English people of Irish descent
English people of Guyanese descent
Men's association football defenders
Premier League players
English Football League players
Millwall F.C. players
Bradford City A.F.C. players
Coventry City F.C. players
Liverpool F.C. players
Tranmere Rovers F.C. players
Sunderland A.F.C. players
Primeira Liga players
Sporting CP footballers
1994 FIFA World Cup players
English expatriates in Portugal
Hayes & Yeading United F.C. managers
Black British sportsmen
Irish expatriate sportspeople in Portugal
Expatriate men's footballers in Portugal | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phil%20Babb |
Miss Asia may refer to:
Miss Asia Pageant, organized by the Asia Television Limited in Hong Kong
Miss Universe, an annual international beauty pageant
Miss World, the oldest running international beauty pageant
Miss International, a Tokyo-based international beauty pageant
See also
Miss Asia Pacific International, a 1968–2020 beauty pageant in the Philippines
Miss Asia Pacific World, a beauty pageant in South Korea established in 2011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miss%20Asia |
Stödtlen is a municipality in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located in the Ostalbkreis district. It has about 2000 inhabitants.
Mayors
1898–1927 Benedikt Staiger (father)
1927–1974 Benedikt Staiger (son)
1974–1998 Albert Munz
since 1998 Ralf Leinberger
References
External links
Ostalbkreis
Württemberg | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%B6dtlen |
Walter Hendl (January 12, 1917April 10, 2007) was an American conductor, composer and pianist.
Hendl was born in West New York, New Jersey. He studied at the Curtis Institute of Music and held various conducting and teaching positions throughout his career, including at Sarah Lawrence College, New York Philharmonic, Dallas Symphony Orchestra, Chautauqua Symphony Orchestra, Chicago Symphony Orchestra, Eastman School of Music, and Erie Philharmonic. He also served as the first artistic director of the Ravinia Festival and was a professor of conducting at Mercyhurst College. A supporter of contemporary music, Hendl conducted several premieres and composed incidental music for stage productions. He recorded best-selling albums with RCA Victor, featuring prominent soloists like Jascha Heifetz and Van Cliburn. Hendl died in Pennsylvania after battling heart and lung disease.
Biography
Hendl was born in West New York, New Jersey, and later went on to study with Fritz Reiner at the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia. From 1939 to 1941 he taught at Sarah Lawrence College in Yonkers, New York. In 1941 and 1942, he was a pianist and conductor at the Berkshire Music Center under Serge Koussevitzky. In 1945, he became associate conductor of the New York Philharmonic. In 1949, he was appointed music director of the Dallas Symphony Orchestra, and he held this position until 1958. In 1953, Hendl became the music director of the Chautauqua Symphony Orchestra. He remained with Chautauqua until temporary ill health necessitated his resignation in 1972. He was also active in the Symphony of the Air and conducted its 1955 tour of east Asia.
In 1958, Reiner appointed Hendl associate conductor of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, and he served in this post until 1964. At the same time, he was the first artistic director of the Ravinia Festival and served there from 1959 to 1963. He left the Chicago Symphony Orchestra in 1964. From 1964 to 1972, Hendl served as director of the Eastman School of Music at Rochester, New York, and was also musical adviser to the Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra and its part-time conductor.
In 1976 Hendl was appointed music director of the Erie Philharmonic in Erie, Pennsylvania. In 1990, he became professor of conducting at Mercyhurst College in Erie. An advocate of contemporary music, he conducted the premieres of Peter Mennin's Symphony No. 3 with the New York Philharmonic Orchestra in 1947, Bohuslav Martinů's Piano Concerto No. 3 with Rudolf Firkušný and the Dallas Symphony in 1949, Villa-Lobos's Cello Concerto No. 2 with Aldo Parisot and the New York Philharmonic Orchestra in 1954, and the American premiere of Kabalevsky's Requiem with students of the Eastman School in 1965. He composed incidental music for various stage productions and made several orchestral transcriptions.
He was inducted as a National Patron of Delta Omicron, an international professional music fraternity on December 1, 1960.
His best-selling recordings for RCA Victor include violin concerti featuring Jascha Heifetz, Henryk Szeryng, and Erick Friedman and piano concerti featuring Van Cliburn and Gary Graffman.
Hendl died in Harborcreek Township, Pennsylvania, after suffering from heart and lung disease.
Hendl's daughter, Susan Hendl, was a ballet dancer.
References
External links
1917 births
2007 deaths
People from West New York, New Jersey
American male conductors (music)
American classical pianists
Male classical pianists
American male pianists
Texas classical music
Deaths from lung disease
20th-century classical pianists
20th-century American pianists
20th-century American conductors (music)
20th-century American male musicians | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter%20Hendl |
The striped tit-babbler has been split into 2 species:
Pin-striped tit-babbler (Macronus gularis), also known as yellow-breasted babbler
Bold-striped tit-babbler (Macronus bornensis)
Birds by common name | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striped%20tit-babbler |
David Wetherall (born 14 March 1971) is an English football coach and former professional footballer, who is an academy strategic advisor at Huddersfield Town.
As a player, he was a central defender, he played most of his career in the Premier League for Leeds United and Bradford City. He started his playing career with Sheffield Wednesday but having failed to make an appearance, he transferred to Leeds and made more than 200 appearances. After this he joined Bradford City for a then club-record fee of £1.4 million and played every minute of every match in his first season for the club and scored the decisive goal which kept the club in the premier league on the final day of the season. Wetherall became the team captain, later finishing his playing career at the end of the 2007–08 season.
He had two spells as caretaker manager of Bradford City, and was an integral part of club's coaching setup following his retirement as a player. He left Bradford in June 2011 after 12 years with the club to take up a position with the Football League. He was inducted into Show Racism The Red Card's hall of fame for his involvement in their anti-racism campaign.
Playing career
Early life and career
Wetherall was born in Sheffield, he supported Sheffield Wednesday as a child, He was capped by England at schoolboy level, and in 1989, when he left school, he signed for Wednesday under the management of Howard Wilkinson. Wetherall had attended Rotherham sixth form college where he achieved four A-levels at grade A, and chose to study for his BSc in chemistry at the University of Sheffield, so that he could live at home with his parents and combine his education with playing for Sheffield Wednesday's reserve team. He graduated with a first-class honours degree in 1992, becoming the first Premier League player to achieve such a qualification. In 1990, he was part of a British squad which travelled to Italy for the world student five-a-side football championship, and represented Great Britain as they won the association football bronze medal at the 1991 World Student Games hosted in Sheffield.
Leeds United
Wilkinson, by then Leeds United manager, returned to his former club in July 1991 to sign two young centre-backs, Jon Newsome first and Wetherall a few days later, for a combined fee of £275,000. The 20-year-old Wetherall's first season at Leeds was the final year of his degree course, so he played for the reserves while training part-time. He made a brief debut in the First Division, on 3 September 1991 at Elland Road as a late substitute against Arsenal; Leeds went on to win the 1991–92 league title. He remembers it as "With 20 minutes to go, we were 2–1 down and I was on the touchline ready to go on, then Lee Chapman scored and the gaffer (Howard Wilkinson) told me to sit down again. But he threw me on for the last two minutes. I always tell people that made the difference in winning the title!" As his teammates took the league trophy on a celebratory open top bus tour, Wetherall chose to revise for his examinations, a decision he came to regret, because "those experiences don't come around that often". Though the revision bore fruit: he graduated with first-class honours.
Wetherall made his first start for Leeds in the newly formed Premier League in September 1992 against Southampton, scored his first goal for the club the following March to secure a draw at home to Chelsea and finished the 1992–93 season with 13 league appearances. He "noticed a massive difference in [his] fitness coming in full-time after just having two blasts a week." In the 1993–94 season, he established himself as a regular first-team player. The following season, he scored in a 2–1 defeat of defending champions Manchester United, and continued his knack of scoring vital goals with a last-minute equaliser to avoid an embarrassing defeat by Walsall of Division Three in the 1995 FA Cup. In the replay, he scored for both Leeds and Walsall, the own goal taking the match into extra time. Leeds finished in fifth place in the league, and Wetherall was chosen manager Wilkinson's player of the season. Wilkinson also singled him out for praise for his performance in a 3–0 UEFA Cup first-round win against AS Monaco in Monaco in September 1995, though they were heavily defeated by PSV Eindhoven in the next round. Wetherall played in the League Cup Final in 1996, his first major final, but Leeds were outclassed, beaten 3–0 by Aston Villa.
In the 1996–97 season, Wetherall played less regularly as new manager George Graham experimented with defensive combinations, though by the following season he had re-established himself in the starting eleven, sometimes acting as captain, and signed a new five-year contract. On 27 September 1997, he scored in the 1–0 victory over arch-rivals Manchester United when Roy Keane's knee was badly injured in the act of fouling Alfie Haaland, who then accused Keane of feigning injury. Keane later took revenge on Haaland during a Manchester derby and said to Haaland as he lay on the ground: "And don't ever stand over me again sneering about fake injuries, and tell your pal Wetherall there's some for him as well." Later that season Wetherall was among the Leeds travelling party who escaped unhurt as their aircraft crash-landed after an engine caught fire on takeoff.
When David O'Leary replaced Graham as manager it became clear that his centre-back pairing of choice would be Lucas Radebe and the 18-year-old Jonathan Woodgate, so Wetherall decided to leave Leeds for a club where he could play regular first-team football. A transfer to nearby Huddersfield Town fell through after terms had been agreed, and the player's reluctance to move house while wife Caroline was heavily pregnant with their second son caused him to reject an offer from Southampton. After eight years with Leeds, having scored 18 goals from 250 games in all competitions, he accepted an offer from fellow West Yorkshire club Bradford City.
Bradford City
Bradford City signed Wetherall for a club record £1.4 million, to give experience to a side who had just been promoted to the Premier League. Wetherall was aged just 28, but manager Paul Jewell had made a number of signings aged over 30, prompting journalists to call his team "Dad's Army". Bradford won their first game 1–0 with a last-minute goal at Middlesbrough scored by Dean Saunders who started a celebration pouring scorn at the club's cynics. Wetherall's first goal for Bradford was in a League Cup game at Reading before he scored again in the following round as Bradford were knocked out by Barnsley. His first league goal came in a 2–0 win against Newcastle United on 18 December. Wetherall missed only two cup game for Bradford City during his first season, and was the only player in the Premier League to have played every minute of the league season. His partnership with the emerging Andy O'Brien in central defence was the front line in Bradford's survival attempt. Bradford went into the final game of the season facing possible relegation. After only 12 minutes of their final game with Liverpool, Wetherall headed home a Gunnar Halle free-kick. Bradford held on for a 1–0 win and with Wimbledon's defeat at Southampton, Bradford stayed up with a then-record low of 36 points. The goal directly resulted in Wetherall's former club Leeds United qualifying for the next season's Champions League.
The 2000–01 season started early for Bradford after chairman Geoffrey Richmond decided to enter the Intertoto Cup. Wetherall did not play in the team's first game away at FK Atlantas, and after playing in the second leg and the two third-round games, he missed the semi-final with Zenit St Petersburg because of an ankle injury. Bradford subsequently lost both legs. Wetherall started the league season but after playing all 52 league games since joining Bradford without leaving the field, Wetherall limped off before half-time during a 2–0 defeat to their nearest rivals Derby County in November 2000. Days after new manager Jim Jefferies took over, Wetherall was ruled out until the following February following a groin operation. His first game back was on 24 February 2001 as Bradford lost 2–1 to West Ham United. His return to league action lasted just four games when, after scoring in a 2–2 draw with Newcastle United, he was ruled out for the rest of the season with a recurrence of the groin injury. Bradford lost their Premier League status a month later after losing 2–1 at Everton.
Wetherall's start to the 2001–02 season was hampered by a groin injury and his first full game of the campaign came on 14 September 2001 when he scored in a 5–1 Division One victory over Gillingham, which put Bradford second in the table. A groin injury again kept Wetherall out of the side for nearly five months, during which time he was linked with moves back to the Premier League at either Southampton or Manchester City, but he opted to stay at Valley Parade. He returned from injury for a reserve game in March after four months out with just over two months of the season left. He returned to the side against Burnley in a game noted for Paul Gascoigne's debut for Burnley, and scored in his next game as Bradford eased any relegation worries by defeating Crewe Alexandra 2–0. He played in the club's final seven games and was named club captain for the following season after Stuart McCall left the club.
Wetherall was one of 19 senior first-team players to be laid off by chairman Richmond in May 2002, after the club were put into administration and the players unpaid since April. Those players went as far as taking strike action before a pre-season friendly at Hull City, even though Wetherall, as their Professional Footballers' Association representative, had initially denied they would do so, before the club was saved and players reinstated. Wetherall played in the club's opening game of the season as Bradford drew 0–0 with Wolverhampton Wanderers live on television, but was again ruled out through an injury, this time to his hip. A planned comeback was put off five weeks later, before he sought the advice of a specialist in Denmark. After sitting out another three months through injury, Wetherall made his return as a substitute against Gillingham in December 2002 but was again injured in a reserve team comeback three days later. He again returned in February 2003 against Coventry City and played 15 games during the final three months of the season.
Wetherall kept off his injury problems and played in the first 15 games of the 2003–04 season, but was ruled out for two months after suffering medial ligament damage, following a knee injury sustained during the club's 1–0 defeat to Watford. He returned on 28 December 2003 in a 1–0 victory which gave Bradford their first win in six games. His return to the defence added a second successive clean sheet. The revival in form was short-lived and despite Wetherall missing just one more game, when he sustained a calf injury, Bradford were threatened with another relegation. Wetherall scored a header against Reading in a 2–1 win and gave Bradford a "slim chance" of avoiding relegation, only for that to be confirmed two weeks later after a 3–2 defeat to Wimbledon.
Despite the club's relegation to League One and another spell in administration, Wetherall turned down a move away from Bradford City after snubbing Coventry City during the 2004 summer. In October 2004, Wetherall and fellow veteran player Dean Windass both signed year's extensions to their contracts, with Wetherall's keeping him at Bradford until the end of the 2007–08 season. He also put his injury problems to one side for the 2004–05 season and missed just one league game – a 1–1 draw with Walsall in February when he was ruled out because of suspension ending his run of 42 consecutive games. Bradford manager Colin Todd had identified Wetherall as a key player for the season, but despite scoring four goals and striker Windass' 27 goals earning him the league's top scorer's crown, Bradford could only finish 11th.
In October 2006, days after playing his 250th game for Bradford, he signed a new deal keeping him at the club until 2010 with a clause allowing him to move into a coaching role when his playing career ended or continue playing beyond 2010. He received the first red card of his career in a 2–2 draw with Cheltenham Town on 30 December for two bookable offences.
When he took over as Bradford caretaker manager, Wetherall stepped down as captain and instead handed the armband to centre-back partner Mark Bower. But when McCall was appointed the new manager in June 2007, Wetherall was reinstated as club captain for the 2007–08 season. On 20 February 2008, he announced the 2007–08 season would be his last as a player, although Bradford City would keep his registration, and instead he would join the club's coaching staff. Wetherall said: "I was becoming increasingly frustrated at not being able to do the things that I used to be able to do. Situations I would normally deal with comfortably were suddenly becoming a struggle." Bradford fans held a special day to celebrate Wetherall's career, when they took banners and wore fancy dress and laboratory coats during the club's 1–1 draw with Rotherham United on 22 March 2008. In his penultimate month as a footballer, Wetherall was also named the League Two fans' player of the month by the Professional Footballers' Association. He played his final game for Bradford against Wycombe Wanderers on 3 May 2008 in a 2–1 defeat.
Managerial career
Wetherall was one of four senior players to act as Bradford City manager for two weeks during November 2003, following the sacking of Nicky Law. He, as well as Peter Atherton, Wayne Jacobs and Dean Windass oversaw training but just one game when Bradford City lost 1–0 to Stoke City with Jacobs taking charge from the touchline. Wetherall took his first full steps into management on a caretaker basis when he was appointed player-manager at Bradford City following the sacking of Colin Todd on 12 February 2007. The side were on a poor run of form but Wetherall, whose role was extended in March, could not reverse the fortunes and the side were relegated to League Two. During Wetherall's short stint in charge the club won just two games and drew another four. During his spell in charge of Bradford, Wetherall appointed his former Leeds teammate Nigel Martyn as goalkeeping coach, a position he kept under McCall. Wetherall returned to concentrate on his playing career after Stuart McCall was named full-time manager during the summer of 2007.
Wetherall holds the UEFA B coaching licence and returned to the Bradford City coaching set up during the summer of 2008. He managed the club's reserves upon his return, and in the summer of 2009, he combined it with the role of youth side management, after Chris Casper left the club. He added he had been put off by senior management because of the day-to-day pressure of the job: "Football is a results-based business first and foremost and that's totally and utterly the case at first-team level." When McCall was sacked as manager, new manager Peter Taylor brought Junior Lewis into the coaching set-up at Bradford, leaving Wetherall to concentrate on his role as youth team manager. After Taylor left the club in February 2011 and Lewis and assistant manager Jacobs were placed on gardening leave, Wetherall acted as assistant to interim manager Peter Jackson. He stayed with Bradford until the end of the season but then left the club to take up a position as head of youth development with the Football League.
In September 2023, he became an academy strategic advisor at Huddersfield Town.
Managerial statistics
As of 5 February 2008.
Personal life
Wetherall was inducted into Show Racism The Red Card's hall of fame in December 2007 for his work with their anti-racism campaign. He had become involved with the campaign with former colleague Gunnar Halle while they played at Leeds United. On 30 August 2009 he took part in a charity football match, that included many former Bradford City and Leeds United players, to raise money for Martin House Children's Hospice.
References
External links
David Wetherall at Bantams Past: The Bradford City Football Club Museum (via archive.org)
1971 births
Footballers from Sheffield
Living people
English men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Sheffield Wednesday F.C. players
Leeds United F.C. players
Bradford City A.F.C. players
English Football League players
Premier League players
English football managers
Bradford City A.F.C. managers
Alumni of the University of Sheffield
Huddersfield Town A.F.C. non-playing staff | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Wetherall |
Black Beat (블랙 비트) was a South Korean boy band formed by SM Entertainment. The five-member group released an album Volume 1 - Black Beat #2002 in 2002. They have not promoted as a group since SM Town 2006. Several members are active as choreographers and vocal trainers for other SM Entertainment artists. In 2007, lead vocalist Jang Jin-young teamed up with Kim Sung-pil to form the R&B duo, ByJinSung.
Black Beat was originally planned to be formed as a seven-member group before they debuted in 2000. They debuted as a five-member group during Lee Ji-hun's Dream Concert 2000 as back-up vocalists and dancers. Before 2002, Black Beat members performed as rappers and dancers for other artists. They have all performed as dancers for S.E.S.' "Dreams Come True" performances.
Performing with other artists
After joining SM Entertainment, Black Beat has appeared in many music videos and performances for other artists, mainly S.E.S. Other artists include BoA, H.O.T., Shinhwa, Fly to the Sky, Shinvi, Dana, and Lee Ji-hun as dancers, backup vocals, choreographers, and rappers. A video clip of member Jae-won dancing with Hyoyeon, a member of girl group Girls' Generation, has also garnered a lot of attention. .
Former members
Lee So-min (이소민)
Hwang Sang-hoon (황상훈)
Jung Ji-hoon (정지훈)
Shim Jae-won (심재원)
Jang Jin-young (장진영)
Appearances in music videos
All five members (dancers)
Shinhwa's "All Your Dreams"
Yoo Hyun-jae, Jung Ji Hun, Hwang Sang Hun, and Shim Jae-won (dancers)
BoA's "ID Peace B"
BoA's "Sara"
Yoo Hyun-jae (dancer) and Shim Jae-won (rapper)
S.E.S.' "Twilight Zone"
Yoo Hyun-jae (dancer)
S.E.S.' "I love you"
Shim Jae-won (as a thief; dancer)
H.O.T.'s "We Are the Future"
TVXQ's "Why (Keep Your Head Down)"
TVXQ's "I Don't Know"
TVXQ's "Superstar"
BoA's "Only One"
Jang Jin-young (as the younger Jun Jin)
Shinhwa's "Wedding March"
Shinhwa's "All Your Dream" (Both Original & 2018 Remake Alongside M.I.L.K Bomi)
Discography
Volume 1 - Black Beat #2002 - The First Performance #001 (November 3, 2002)
Intro (Can't You Feel)
The Fan
날개 (Wing)
Lover
In The Sky
Black Beat
Dangerous
회상
Y (Tell Me Why)
헤어지기전
Shine
Night Fever
친구 (Friend)
In The Sky (Radio Edited) (Bonus Track
Joint discography
Summer Vacation in SMTown.com June 10, 2002
2002 Winter Vacation in SMTown.com - My Angel My Light December 6, 2002
2003 Summer Vacation in SMTown.com June 18, 2003
2004 Summer Vacation in SMTown.com July 2, 2004
2006 Summer SMTown June 20, 2006
2006 Winter SMTown - Snow Dream December 12, 2006
Awards
References
External links
Black Beat Official Site
SM Entertainment's Official Site
Black Beat on empas people
K-pop music groups
Musical groups disestablished in 2007
Musical groups established in 2002
South Korean boy bands
SM Town
SM Entertainment artists
2002 establishments in South Korea
Musical groups from Seoul
MAMA Award winners | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black%20Beat |
is a 2005 anime OVA as well as a 2006-2007 anime television series.
Story
Long, long ago, there existed a world of magic and science. But having both powers was making people conceited and lazy. So God split the world in to the world of science, Erde (German for Earth), and the world of magic, Phandavale. One day in Phandavale, a terrible witch named Cendrillon revives. Cendrillon plots to rule both worlds, and searches for the "key of Erde" and the "key of Phandavale" which holds tremendous power.
A young boy from Erde by the name of Sōta meets a mysterious girl from Phandavale, Akazukin (Red Riding Hood), and her talking wolf companion, Val. Sōta learns that he is the key of Erde. Now it is up to Akazukin, Val, and the other Musketeers, Shirayukihime (Snow White) and Ibara (Sleeping Beauty) to protect Sōta from Cendrillon and her Nightmarians who wish to obtain the power he mysteriously possesses.
Characters
The titular heroine from the magic world Phandavale (Magic). She is one of the Three Musketeers, and has come to the Erde world to protect Souta who holds the Erde Key. She uses magic, but her speciality seems to be physical attacks. She can control fire magic. Later on she gets an upgrade in her powers when the Three Musketeers try to obtain the ultimate magic. She was the one that received it, and when she activated it she called it Princess Mode, due to the fact it makes her look like a princess like the other two Musketeers. The power is like the other card magic she usually uses. The only thing is, it does not stay active all the time, only when used. She was born in Vise village, the same village where she met Val for the first time: the morning after the village was destroyed. Eleven years before the story, the village was destroyed by werewolves led by Jed. Jed attacked the village to kill his younger brother Cain, who is really Val. During the destruction, she lost her parents and Cain's mother. She has some feelings for Souta. Age: 14. Voiced by: Yukari Tamura
The protagonist from the real world Erde (Science). He has a tendency to talk to flowers in the morning on his way to school, and after talking to them they mysteriously become more charming. He cares about the flowers a lot, and they help him out in return. Souta seems to have some power of his own: this was first discovered in an attempt to save Ringo from falling by Hansel's push (he unknowingly used an unknown flash and destroyed every opposing monster in the building). After he used it, he did not realize that he contained that power and thought it was Shiryuki's. He also reacted to a story card given to him by an elderly lady. So far he has collected 5 story cards of the Two World fairy tale stories (which tells the story of how Marlene turned into Cendrillon and the reason for her hatred). He is a kind and caring person, who can tell good people from bad. He is also smart and helps out in situations that the group befalls. His key power is activated whenever he feels strong emotion. He is the key of Erde, because his mother Soya was one of the sages who defeated Cendrillon 1000 years ago, and went to Erde afterwards to give birth to the child who would be safer in Erde then Phandavale. Age: 14. Voiced by: Motoko Kumai (OVA and TV 1-25), Yūko Sanpei (TV 26+)
From the magic world Phandavale. She is also one of the Three Musketeers, and came to Souta to protect him. She uses intellectual magic, as she was top in her magic classes. Her specialty is magic attacks. She likes Souta and always hugs him or tries to get close to him, much to Ringo's dismay. She can control ice magic and water magic. She is a princess as her name suggests; however after her father remarried to a woman controlled by Cendrillon, the kingdom was taken away. Age: 14 Voiced by: Kanako Tateno
Souta's childhood friend, who is very close to him. She wakes him up in the morning. She is the only one who understands Souta when he talks to flowers. She also worries about him a lot, and does not want to be away from him, like when Souta was going to go to Phandavale. She gets angry whenever Shirayuki clings on to Souta. She is a very good cook, especially with meat and potatoes. She has a crush on Souta. Age: 14. Voiced by: Rie Kugimiya
Akazukin's companion who fights alongside her. He, like Akazukin, loves food from Erde, and even at serious moments would worry about food first. He seems to dislike Jed-same, a Lycan (werewolf). This was noticed when Souta was going to tell him that he saw a Lycan named Jed, and Val stopped him from saying it. He is Cain, Akazukin's childhood friend and Jed's younger brother, but ever since the night he was wounded by Jed, he lost the ability to transform into human form. Age: approximately 20. Voiced by: Nobuyuki Hiyama
From the magic world Phandavale. She is the 3rd of the Three Musketeers. She represents Sleeping Beauty, hence the reason she is usually half asleep. She uses a thorn whip to attack. Since her specialty is the Earth element, she can heal plants. It's discovered later that she is actually the princess of the Elf race, and was born with a magic talent, unlike those who have to learn it. She is always sleepy because she does not sleep at night; if she does her magic would go out of control and hurt people. Age: 14. Voiced by: Miyuki Sawashiro
She is the evil witch that is trying to get Erde's key. Her real name is Marlene. In the beginning she was good, but ever since the boy she liked from Erde had to go back she started to hate the concept of two worlds. Her hatred grew when one day she found a way to get to Erde and saw through the mirror that the person she liked was now with another girl. This led her to aim for dark magic and get revenge on God. Her final transformation to Cenderillon happened when the boy she loved came back to stop her, got in the way of an attack and died. Age: unknown. Voiced by: Misa Watanabe
One of Cendrillon's minor servants, who is no threat to the main cast. He tries to capture Souta many times but always fails. He has three followers, and as a group they use musical magic. They are the Town Musicians of Bremen. He always carries a backpack with canned food with him. His aim is to be in Cendrillon's main army. Age: 100+. Voiced by: Akiko Kobayashi
He hates the weak, and even goes far as making his sister (who was hurt) feel bad. He was taught dark magic by Cendrillon, and the more he learned, the less he cared for his sister. Before he met Cendrillon, he was kind to his sister and others. It turns out he was controlled by Cendrillon and returned to normal (being the kind, loving brother) when Akazukin and co help save him. Age: 17. Voiced by: Kaori Shimizu (OVA, TV (as a child)), Daisuke Hirakawa
/
She is Hansel's sister and cares for him. In the beginning she transferred into Souta's school and acted like a nice girl in front of him, but it was soon found out it was a trap to try to kidnap Souta. After losing the first fight against Akazukin and Shirayuki, she has tried to capture Souta many times in order to be acknowledged by her brother. It seems that when she and her brother were lost in the Forest of Okashi, they used to be on good terms, living in a house built of candy. All she really wants is to go back to being how they used to be, instead of fighting for Cendrillon. Even though she is an enemy, Souta always treats her nicely and even protects her, because he knows that she is a good person. Age: 13. Voiced by: Sayuri Yahagi
He is a Leaf Knight who guarded the Phandavale Castle. He was given orders from the King to wait at the captured castle until Souta the key holder came, and tell him, "I believe in you"(meaning the King believes Souta will save the magic world). After he finished his mission, he went his own way to try to save the King on his own, for he prefers doing things alone. He specializes in musical magic. He hates pumpkins because of Akazukin, as she used to wear a pumpkin mask when she was little and scared him with it, and ever since he has been afraid of them. He seems to have feelings for Ringo. Age: 15. Voiced by: Kenji Nojima
King Fernando
He is the King of Phandavale as well Phandavale's Key. He is a kind hearted person (as described by the Three Musketeers). In the series, he spends most of his time in Cendrillon's castle as a prisoner. Even though he is in prison, he continues to smile and stay optimistic. He also has the ability to control wind magic. Age: 17. Voiced by: Hideki Tasaka
Trude
Servant of Cendrillon. She is actually Souta's mother manipulated by Cendrillon's dark magic. She can turn anyone who looks into her eyes into a doll, as well as turn anything to stone. Voiced by: Kaori Shimizu
Episodes
2006-07-01
2006-07-08
2006-07-15
2006-07-22
2006-07-29
2006-08-05
2006-08-12
2006-08-19
2006-08-26
2006-09-02
2006-09-09
2006-09-16
2006-09-23
2006-09-30
2006-10-07
2006-10-14
2006-10-21
2006-10-28
2006-11-04
2006-11-11
2006-11-18
2006-11-25
2006-12-02
2006-12-09
2006-12-16
2006-12-23
2007-01-06
2007-01-13
2007-01-20
2007-01-27
2007-02-03
2007-02-10
2007-02-17
2007-02-24
2007-03-03
2007-03-10
2007-03-17
2007-03-24
2007-03-31
Theme songs
OVA
Opening theme "Ever-Never-Land" by Yukari Tamura
Ending theme "Clover" by marhy
Television series
Opening theme 1 by Yukari Tamura
Opening theme 2 "Princess Rose" by Yukari Tamura
Ending theme 1 "Clover" by marhy
Ending theme 2 by Yukari Tamura, Kanako Tateno and Miyuki Sawashiro
Ending theme 3 "CROSS ROAD" by marhy
Episode 18 Happy Loop by Yukari Tamura
Episode 18 Jasmine no Namida by Kanako Tateno
Episode 18 Yumesaki Garden by Miyuki Sawashiro
References
External links
Official web site for Otogi-Jushi Akazukin
2005 anime OVAs
2006 anime television series debuts
Konami
Madhouse (company)
TV Tokyo original programming | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otogi-J%C5%ABshi%20Akazukin |
(6 September 193213 June 2006) was a Japanese conductor and percussionist.
Biography
Iwaki was born in Tokyo in 1932. Shortly after he entered an elementary school, he moved to Kyoto due to his father's transferral. He came to play the xylophone at nine years old. He moved back to Tokyo when he advanced to the fifth grade.
In May 1945, suffering from an air raid, he evacuated to Kanazawa, where his relatives lived. After the end of World War II, he moved to mountainous area of Gifu for his father's work. In 1947, he was admitted to Gakushuin Boy's Junior High School, graduating in 1951. He had applied for admission to the Department of German Literature of University of Tokyo, but he gave up on account of a high fever he ran on the eve of the examination. Eventually he went to the Percussion Department, Faculty of Music, Tokyo University of the Arts. However, he dropped out later. In that era, discrimination existed depending on one's specialty within the faculty, and above all, the Percussion Department was ranked among the lowest group in the faculty.
He made his conducting debut with the NHK Symphony Orchestra in 1956, and was later honored as permanent conductor of that orchestra. In 1977, he became the first Japanese to conduct the Vienna Philharmonic, as a substitute for Bernard Haitink, who had taken ill. He first conducted the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra (MSO) on a 1973 Australian tour, and was chief conductor of the MSO for a record term of 23 years (1974–97), during which time he took the orchestra on two tours of Japan. In 1990 he was appointed the orchestra's conductor laureate, while remaining chief conductor until his retirement in 1997. He remained the conductor laureate after retirement.
He made efforts to found the Orchestra Ensemble Kanazawa and was appointed as the first music director, where he established the composer-in-residence system and tried hard to perform their commissioned works first in the world. He conducted all the symphonies of Ludwig van Beethoven in one concert at Tokyo Bunka Kaikan, from the afternoon of 31 December 2004 to the morning of 1 January 2005. In the following year, he performed the same program again from memory at Tokyo Metropolitan Art Space on 31 December 2005.
On 13 June 2006, he died of heart failure in Tokyo, Japan.
Honours
For his contribution to Australian musical life, he was appointed an honorary Member (AM) of the Order of Australia in 1985, which was later upgraded to honorary Officer status (AO).
Monash University awarded him an honorary Doctor of Laws in 1986, and in 1991 appointed him their first Fellow of the Faculty of Arts.
Recipient of the 19th Suntory Music Award (1987)
In 1990 he was made an Officer of the Order of Arts and Letters in France.
In 1995 the Australian Broadcasting Corporation named its Southbank studio in Melbourne the Iwaki Auditorium.
Japan awarded him the Medal of Honour with Purple Ribbon in 1996.
ARIA Music Awards
The ARIA Music Awards is an annual awards ceremony that recognises excellence, innovation, and achievement across all genres of Australian music. They commenced in 1987.
!
|-
| 1994
| Violin Concertos (with Melbourne Symphony Orchestra & Dene Olding)
| Best Classical Album
|
|
|-
References
USA Today, "Japanese conductor Hiroyuki Iwaki dies at 73", 13 June 2006
External links
Official website
1932 births
2006 deaths
20th-century conductors (music)
20th-century Japanese musicians
Classical percussionists
Honorary Officers of the Order of Australia
Japanese male conductors (music)
Japanese percussionists
Tokyo University of the Arts alumni
20th-century Japanese male musicians | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiroyuki%20Iwaki |
Demilich is a Finnish death metal band, which formed in the early 1990s and consists of frontman Antti Boman, guitarist Aki Hytönen, bassist Ville Koistinen, and drummer Mikko Virnes. Their debut album, Nespithe (1993), features intricate death metal riffs with unusually low, guttural vocals in the vocal fry register. The album contains long, complicated song titles and unconventional lyrics which were written in code in the booklet.
Nespithe was featured in Terrorizer's Secret History of Death Metal, in their list of "The 40 Albums You Must Hear"; they commented: "Even trying to scream your lungs out whilst vomiting a mix of haggis, outdated goat's cheese and kebab won't do. Tested extensively by Terrorizer's scientific team, we can now safely say that no normal human is capable of reproducing the effect-free vocal madness displayed by Antti Boman on these Finns' sole, totally unique, album."
Demilich played what was believed to be their last show on 22 July 2006 but performed many other shows since then, including appearances at Jalometalli Metal Music Festival and Maryland Death Fest.
History
Demilich was founded in 1990 by guitarist/vocalist Antti Boman and drummer Mikko Virnes, creating a unique avant-garde sound of technical death metal in A standard tuning, with extremely low-register vocals. Demilich recorded four demo tapes (some containing re-used material from previous demos) before creating their debut, Nespithe, in 1993. The band split up shortly after the release of the album due to complications with their record label and the album's profits. Demilich remained inactive until 2005 when they reformed and began playing live shows, as well as writing new material. This material would not be released to the public until 2014. Demilich played what was to be their last show in 2006, yet performed one-off shows in the following years.
The compilation release 20th Adversary of Emptiness contains everything Demilich have ever recorded, starting from Regurgitation of Blood demo (1991) and rounding things off with three songs the band recorded during their brief comeback in 2006. The only Demilich full-length album Nespithe has been reissued several times over the years in various guises, but always using the inferior 16-bit CD masters and sometimes brickwalled beyond recognition. For this release the band dug up the original unmastered 24 bit studio tapes for Nespithe and best possible sources for the demo material, and then had Sami Jämsén of Studio Perkele thoroughly master these original unmastered mixes.
Discography
Studio albums
Nespithe (1993)
Demos
Regurgitation of Blood (1991)
The Four Instructive Tales... of Decomposition (1991)
...Somewhere Inside the Bowels of Endlessness... (1992)
The Echo (1992)
Compilation albums
20th Adversary of Emptiness (2014)
Em9t2ness of Van2s1ing / V34ish6ng 0f Emptiness (2018)
References
External links
Current official website
Previous website
[ Demilich] and [ Nespithe] at Allmusic
Musical groups established in 1990
Musical groups disestablished in 1993
Finnish technical death metal musical groups
Finnish death metal musical groups | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demilich%20%28band%29 |
Dayn Perry (born 1972) is an author and baseball journalist. He was also a special consultant for the San Diego Padres from 2001–2003.
Journalism
Perry has written for publications including FanGraphs online journal NotGraphs, ESPN, BaseballProspectus.com, FoxSports.com, Washington Monthly, ESPN The Magazine, Miami Herald, Montreal Gazette, Reason, and The New York Sun.
ESPN and Sportstalk
Perry began his sportswriting career with sportstalk.com as an intern. When the site was bought out by ESPN, he moved along with the website and continued his writing with ESPN.
Baseball Prospectus
At Baseball Prospectus he wrote a regular column titled Can of Corn from July 2003 to July 2008. With Baseball Prospectus, in addition to his regular column, Perry contributed to many of the annual books as well as to Baseball Between the Numbers ().
Fox Sports
Perry joined FoxSports.com as a frequent contributor in 2002 and would later become one of Fox Sports' senior baseball writers (or "experts," along with Ken Rosenthal). He continued to contribute to Fox Sports in a staff that included Rosenthal, Jon Paul Morosi, Tracy Ringolsby, and Bob Klapisch until July 2011.
NotGraphs
Perry joined NotGraphs in December 2010. Asked about the reasons for moving to NotGraphs full-time he said that he was "tired of straight analysis" and wanted a place to exercise his "boundless" if at times "awful" sense of humor, for the "unbridled whimsy." He was part of a staff that also included Carson Cistulli, Jeremy Blachman and Navin Vaswani.
CBS Sports
In February 2012, Perry agreed to join CBSSports.com as a writer for the Eye on Baseball blog while continuing to contribute to NotGraphs.
Books
Perry published his first book Winners: How Good Baseball Teams Become Great Ones (And It's Not the Way You Think) in 2006. Using a numbers-oriented approach, the book attempts to show how successful baseball organizations become successful and what they do to remain so. In a review for The Hardball Times, Dan Fox described the book as "well-written" on a "great topic", applauding Dayn for his "application of performance analysis to the strategies and tactics used over the past quarter century" and "brief portraits of some of the more interesting players to have put on a uniform during that time." Then-general manager Kevin Towers called it "a lively narrative that blends astute analysis with clever storytelling" but Perry himself says its "objectively not a good book" (while admitting that he's his "own worst critic."
Perry published his second book Reggie Jackson: The Life and Thunderous Career of Baseball's Mr. October in 2010. This book, a biography of Hall of Fame baseball player Reggie Jackson, covers Jackson's life from childhood to the major leagues. Steve Lombardi of waswatching.com called it "remarkably well researched" and "very entertaining" and Steve Treder of The Hardball Times called it a "serious and thoughtful volumes displaying highly impressive research," "handsomely presented, top-shelf physical product, with no stinting on any of the extras: wonderful photos aplenty, richly detailed endnotes and " but notes that "Jackson, while an unquestionably important figure in baseball history, isn’t the sort of book-length protagonist for whom the reader is inclined to root" and that the "strict focus on Jackson alone allows for little examination of whatever the wider implications of his career might be."
Personal life
Perry is a Mississippi native who now lives in Chicago. He received a Bachelor's degree in English and a master's degree in creative writing from Mississippi College.
Dayn is the uncle of Kimberly, Neil, and Reid Perry, siblings and members of The Band Perry.
Works
Books
Winners: How Good Baseball Teams Become Great Ones (And It's Not the Way You Think). New York: Wiley, 2006. .
Reggie Jackson: The Life and Thunderous Career of Baseball's Mr. October. New York: William Morrow, 2010. .
Selected baseball writing
How the Phillies Pulled it Off (November 2008)
A Brief Introduction (December 2010)
The Stages of Wainwright Grief (February 2011)
Satchel Paige could have been best ever (April, 2011)
Poem: The Sad Baseball Frog (November 2011)
Interviews
March, 2006 – Interview (transcript) with Rich Lederer, Baseball Analysts
December, 2008 – Interview (transcript) with Tyler Hissey, Scout.com
May, 2010 – Interview (transcript) with Alex Belth, Bronx Banter
January, 2011 – Interview with Carson Cistulli, FanGraphs Audio
References
1972 births
Living people
American bloggers
Writers from Chicago
People from Mississippi
Mississippi College alumni
Journalists from Mississippi
21st-century American non-fiction writers
Sportswriters from Illinois | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dayn%20Perry |
The Scottish Place-Name Society (Comann Ainmean-Áite na h-Alba in Gaelic) is a learned society in Scotland concerned with toponymy, the study of place-names. Its scholars aim to explain the origin and history of the place-names they study, taking into account the meaning of the elements out of which they were created; the topography, geology and ecology of the places bearing the names; and the general and local history and culture of Scotland.
The Society was founded in February 1996. The Society's journal, The Journal of Scottish Name Studies (JSNS), has been published since 2007.
See also
Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba
International Council for Onomastic Studies
English Place-Name Society
Ulster Place-Name Society
Society for Name Studies in Britain and Ireland
Scottish Society for Northern Studies
Further reading
Watson, W.J., History of the Celtic Place-Names of Scotland. Reprinted, with introduction, full bibliography and corrigenda by Simon Taylor. Edinburgh: Birlinn, 2004.
Nicolaisen, W.F.H., Scottish Place-Names. Edinburgh: Edinburgh U.P., 2001.
External links
Official website
Publisher's website for the JSNS
1996 establishments in Scotland
Archaeological organizations
Archaeology of Scotland
Learned societies of Scotland
Organizations established in 1996
Scottish studies | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish%20Place-Name%20Society |
Indiavision was a Defunct Indian Malayalam language pay television news channel owned by Indiavision Satellite Communications Ltd, based at Kochi, Kerala, India. "There will be a relaunch of this channel in future" said by Dr MK Muneer.
It is the first 24 hour news channel in Kerala. Veena George, Health minister of Kerala in Second Vijayan ministry was a former journalist in this channel.
History
Indiavision was launched on 14 July 2003. The network launched a second channel, YES Indiavision (Youth, Entertainment & Sports) on 14 February 2007.
Notable events and controversies
In 2004, it came into spotlight through live revelations of Rejina about Ice cream parlour sex scandal accusing P. K. Kunhalikutty and ensuing attacks on journalists by Indian Union Muslim League workers in Kozhikode.
Once Rejina turned hostile and changed her revelation, the enterprising media channel faced lot of financial backlash following constricted fund flow.
In March 2014, the Kerala Police registered a case against Indiavision and some other media organisations for the allegations raised against Mata Amritanandamayi and giving publicity to allegations levelled by Gail Tredwell.
Financial crisis and closure
In 2010, main journalist in the channel M. V. Nikesh Kumar left the channel. The company was in the news twice in 2014 when its editorial team went on strike over non-payment of salaries. Tax sleuths conducted a raid at the channel's main office in Kochi and its director, Jamaludeen Farooqi, was arrested on 4 March 2015. According to reports, the channel hadn't paid service tax to the tune of almost ₹9 crore.
Due to internal problems, it stopped broadcasting on 31 March 2015 by a journalist annoouncing it on air as a sign of protest to the management.
Programming
News
Politrics
Varanthyam (presented by Adv. A. Jayashankar)
24 Frames (International movie reviews presented by Andur Sahadevan)
Kaleidoscope
Box Office
Gallery
Raag Rang
Special Correspondent
World This Week
Debate the Week
Colour Pencil
Yugatharam
Crime Patrol
Mukhamukham – Face to Face
References
External links
Indiavision (YouTube)
Malayalam-language television channels
Television channels and stations established in 2003
Television channels and stations disestablished in 2015
Television stations in Kochi
Defunct television channels in India
2003 establishments in Kerala
2015 disestablishments in India | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiavision |
Dominik Perler (born 17 March 1965) is a Swiss philosopher.
He was born in Freiburg im Üechtland (Fr. Fribourg)
Perler studied philosophy at the University of Fribourg, University of Bern and University of Göttingen. After finishing his PhD thesis at the University of Fribourg in 1991, Perler was a visiting scholar at Cornell University and at UCLA. After he was granted Habilitation in 1995 at the University of Göttingen, he became professor at the University of Basel in 1997. In 2003 Perler took up a professorship in theoretical philosophy at the Humboldt University of Berlin.
In 2006, Perler received the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, the highest honour awarded in German research.
References
Profile at Deutschen Forschungsgesellschaft (in German)
1965 births
Living people
Swiss philosophers
University of Göttingen alumni
University of Bern alumni
University of Fribourg alumni
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
Cornell University alumni
Academic staff of the University of Basel
Academic staff of the Humboldt University of Berlin
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize winners
People from Fribourg | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominik%20Perler |
In scientific visualization, a maximum intensity projection (MIP) is a method for 3D data that projects in the visualization plane the voxels with maximum intensity that fall in the way of parallel rays traced from the viewpoint to the plane of projection. This implies that two MIP renderings from opposite viewpoints are symmetrical images if they are rendered using orthographic projection.
MIP is used for the detection of lung nodules in lung cancer screening programs which use computed tomography scans. MIP enhances the 3D nature of these nodules, making them stand out from pulmonary bronchi and vasculature. MIP imaging is also used routinely by physicians in interpreting Positron Emission Tomography (PET) or Magnetic Resonance Angiography studies.
Additional techniques
This technique is computationally fast, but the 2D results do not provide a good sense of depth of the original data. To improve the sense of 3D, animations are usually rendered of several MIP frames in which the viewpoint is slightly changed from one to the other, thus creating the illusion of rotation. This helps the viewer's perception to find the relative 3D positions of the object components. However, since the projection is orthographic the viewer cannot distinguish between left or right, front or back and even if the object is rotating clockwise or anti-clockwise. Use of depth weighting during production of rotating cines of MIP images can avoid the problem of difficulty of distinguishing right from left, and clockwise vs anti-clockwise rotation.
An easy improvement to MIP is Local maximum intensity projection. In this technique we don't take the global maximum value, but the first maximum value that is above a certain threshold. Because - in general - we can terminate the ray earlier this technique is faster and also gives somehow better results as it approximates occlusion.
History
MIP imaging was invented for use in Nuclear Medicine by Jerold Wallis, MD, in 1988 at Washington University in St. Louis, and subsequently published in IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging. In the setting of Nuclear Medicine, it was originally called MAP (Maximum Activity Projection).
See also
Minimum intensity projection
References
Object visualization | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum%20intensity%20projection |
No. 14 Squadron was a Royal Australian Air Force maritime patrol squadron of World War II. It was formed in 1939 and was based in Western Australia throughout the war. While it conducted many patrols over the waters off Western Australia, it did not see combat. The squadron was disbanded in December 1945.
Squadron history
Early years
No. 14 Squadron was formed at RAAF Base Pearce near Perth, Western Australia on 6 February 1939. It was initially equipped with six Avro Anson aircraft, and conducted training exercises until the outbreak of World War II.
The squadron conducted its first wartime maritime patrol on 7 September 1939. During late 1939 it also patrolled the remote coastline between Derby and Wyndham in the north of Western Australia as it was thought that German vessels might shelter there. In mid-January 1940 a detachment was deployed to Albany in the south of the state to protect a convoy carrying elements of the Second Australian Imperial Force in cooperation with No. 25 Squadron. The squadron flew in support of many subsequent troop convoys throughout the war, and deployed aircraft to Albany on other occasions. No. 14 Squadron's Ansons were replaced with Lockheed Hudsons in May 1940. The new aircraft had superior performance, and were better suited to maritime patrol tasks. The squadron continued its regular program of patrols throughout the year, though a detachment was deployed to Darwin in the Northern Territory for a period in December.
From February 1941, No. 14 Squadron began to conduct anti-submarine patrols off Western Australia in addition to general reconnaissance patrols. It conducted these routine operations throughout the year, and occasionally exercised with Australian Army units. In November the squadron was heavily involved in the unsuccessful search for the light cruiser after she was sunk in a battle with the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran. No. 14 Squadron flew more than 60 sorties during this operation, most of which were conducted from remote airstrips.
Pacific War
After the Pacific War began in December 1941, No. 14 Squadron stepped up its program of patrols. No Japanese submarines or warships were sighted, though on 2 March 1942 one of the squadron's Hudsons bombed and damaged the United States Navy submarine after she did not answer recognition signals. The Hudson's pilot was cleared of blame in the subsequent inquires. On 3 March, a No. 14 Squadron Hudson was destroyed by Japanese aircraft during the attack on Broome; its crew were not among the many casualties from this raid, however. The squadron continued to make routine patrols throughout the remainder of 1942. In December that year it was re-equipped with Bristol Beaufort aircraft.
No. 14 Squadron's duties did not change for the remainder of the war. Throughout 1943 it flew two daily patrols of the waters between Perth and Albany, as well as patrols along the coastline up to Exmouth Gulf. Two Beauforts crashed during these patrols, resulting in the death of six men. The squadron's operations were intensified in March 1943 in response to concerns that Japanese ships would conduct a raid into the Indian Ocean. In May, No. 14 Squadron conducted patrols of the waters around Exmouth Gulf while the British Eastern Fleet refueled there ahead of the Operation Transom raid against Surabaya in Java; United States Navy Consolidated PBY Catalinas and Supermarine Spitfires from No. 1 Wing RAAF also protected the fleet at this time.
On 6 January 1944 a Beaufort piloted by No. 14 Squadron's commanding officer, Wing Commander Charles Learmonth, crashed during an exercise with United States Navy warships off Rottnest Island; Learmonth and the other three airmen on board the aircraft were killed. The RAAF base at Exmouth Gulf was later named RAAF Learmonth in the wing commander's honour. The squadron's patrols were again greatly intensified in March 1944, when it was feared that a Japanese force might raid Western Australia. In the event, the Japanese raiders sank a single ship in the central Indian Ocean before returning to base. By this stage of the war, the Allies were rapidly advancing into Japanese-held territory, and the threat of attacks on shipping in Australian waters had greatly decreased. In July 1944 the United States Navy unit Patrol Wing 10, which had been based at Perth since 1942, was transferred elsewhere. This greatly increased the burden on No. 14 Squadron. The squadron was placed on alert between September and October in response to reports that German submarines might operate off Fremantle, and expanded its program of patrols. Activity was intensified from December when the German submarine attacked merchant ships off South Australia and New South Wales. On 6 February 1945 this submarine sank the liberty ship Peter Silvester in the Indian Ocean while returning to its base in the Japanese-occupied Netherlands East Indies. Consolidated B-24 Liberators from No. 25 Squadron and Catalinas from the British No. 205 Squadron RAF responded to this attack.
The need for maritime patrols decreased during 1945. No. 25 Squadron operated solely as a heavy bomber unit from February, leaving No. 14 Squadron the only RAAF maritime patrol unit in Western Australia. Despite crew shortages, it was able to meet its commitments. The squadron ceased making regular anti-submarine patrols on 23 May 1945, though it retained responsibility for shipping protection off Western Australia in the event of any renewed enemy attacks. Following the war, No. 14 Squadron was disbanded at Pearce on 10 December 1945. During its existence, 35 members of the squadron were killed.
References
Notes
Works consulted
14
Military units and formations established in 1939
Military units and formations disestablished in 1945
Western Australia during World War II | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No.%2014%20Squadron%20RAAF |
Asteridea may refer to:
Sea star
Asteridea (plant), a genus of plants in the family Asteraceae | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteridea |
Kim Sammaekjong (534–576; reign 540–576) was the 24th monarch of Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea.
He followed King Beopheung (r. 514–540) and was followed by King Jinji (r. 576–579). Jinheung was the nephew / grandson of King Beopheung. King Jinheung was one of the greatest kings of Silla, and was responsible for expanding Silla territory immensely. He and King Seong 26th king of Baekje, struggled with each other over the Han River valley. Jinheung won this struggle and expanded Silla's territory immensely.
Rise to the throne
King Jinheung of Silla rose to the throne at a young age when his predecessor and paternal uncle / maternal grandfather, Beopheung, died. Since he was too young to rule a kingdom at the time, his mother Queen Jiso acted as regent. When he became of age, he began to rule independently. One of his first acts as true king of Silla was to appoint a man named Kim Isabu as Head of Military Affairs, which occurred in 541. Jinheung adopted a policy of peace with the neighbouring kingdom of Baekje Kingdom. In 551, he allied with Baekje so that he could attack the northern Korean kingdom of Goguryeo. The result of this allied attack on Goguryeo was the conquest of the Han river estuary. The kingdoms of Baekje and Silla agreed on splitting the conquered territory equally between themselves.
Expansion
During the reign of King Seong of Baekje, King Jinheung allied with Goguryeo and launched an attack on the Han River valley during the year 553. In a secret agreement between Silla and Goguryeo, Silla troops attacked the exhausted Baekje army in late 553. Feeling the betrayal from Silla, King Seong attacked during the year 554, but was caught in an ambush led by a Silla general and was assassinated along with those who were accompanying him. King Jinheung guarded the new territory with a firm hand for seven years before sending General Kim Isabu to conquer Daegaya in 561. King Jinheung constructed a monument in his newly conquered territory and established provinces in the area. He subdued all rebellions and continued to develop culture in his kingdom. In 576, the Hwarang was established, and they would later play a huge role in the unification of the Three Kingdoms of Korea.
Death and succession
King Jinheung died in 576 at the age of 51. His 37-year rule of Silla was characterised by conquest and advancement. King Jinheung was succeeded by his second son, Prince Geumryun, who became King Jinji of Silla.
Family
Father: Galmunwang Ipjong (입종 갈문왕)
Grandfather: King Jijeung of Silla (신라 지증왕) (437 – 514)
Grandmother: Queen Yeonje of the Miryang Park clan (연제태후 박씨)
Mother: Queen Jiso (지소태후) (? – 574)
Grandfather: King Beopheung of Silla (신라 법흥왕) (? - July 540)
Grandmother: Princess Bodo of Silla (보도부인)
Consorts and their Respective Issue(s)
Queen Sado of the Park clan (사도왕후 박씨) (? – February 614)
Crown Prince Dongryun (동륜태자) (? – 572)
King Jinji of Silla (신라 진지왕) (? – 24 August 579)
Kim Gu-ryun (김구륜)
Princess Taeyang (태양공주)
Princess Ayang (아양공주)
Princess Eunryun (은륜공주)
Princess Wolryun (월륜공주)
Princess Sukmyeong (숙명궁주) (? – 603)
Crown Prince Jeongsuk (정숙태자)
Princess Bomyeong (보명궁주)
Lady Mishil (미실궁주)
Prince Sujong (수종전군)
Princess Banya (반야공주)
Princess Nanya (난야공주)
Lady Sobi of Baekje (소비)
Princess Wolhwa (월화궁주)
Prince Cheonju (천주공)
Princess Deokmyeong (덕명공주)
Lady Geumjin (금진낭주 )
Princess Nanseong (난성공주)
Legacy
King Jinheung's achievements for his kingdom established the basis for unification of Korea. He is remembered today by the Korean people as one of the greatest rulers of Silla.
Popular culture
Portrayed by Lee Sun-jae in the 2009 MBC TV series Queen Seondeok.
Portrayed by Park Hyung-sik in the 2016–2017 KBS2 TV series Hwarang: The Poet Warrior Youth.
Portrayed by Kim Yoon Hong in the 2017 KBS TV series Chronicles of Korea
Portrayed by Kim Seung-soo in the 2021 KBS2 TV series River Where the Moon Rises
See also
List of Korean monarchs#Silla
History of Korea
References
Kings of Silla
Silla Buddhist monks
Korean Buddhist monarchs
526 births
576 deaths
6th-century monarchs in Asia
6th-century Korean people | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinheung%20of%20Silla |
Ferdi Schüth (Ferdi Schueth) is a German chemist.
He was born 8 July 1960 in Allagen/Warstein.
He studied chemistry at the University of Münster from 1978 till 1984 and law from 1983 till 1988. After finishing his Ph.D. thesis on inorganic chemistry at the University of Münster in 1988 he did a postdoctoral studies in the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis. He did his habilitation in 1995 at the University of Mainz. After being professor for inorganic chemistry at the University of Frankfurt am Main from 1995 till 1998 he became director at the Max Planck Institute für Kohlenforschung Mülheim/Ruhr.
In 2003, he received the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,
which is the highest honour awarded in German research.
In July 2007, he was elected Vice-President of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation).
References
Portrait at the Deutschen Forschungsgesellschaft
1960 births
Living people
People from Warstein
21st-century German chemists
University of Münster alumni
University of Minnesota alumni
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz alumni
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize winners
Max Planck Institute directors | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdi%20Sch%C3%BCth |
The Humanist discussion group may refer to:
Humanist (electronic seminar), a long-running (since 1987) e-mail discussion group on humanities computing
a discussion list (since 2003) run by the Council of Australian Humanist Societies | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanist%20Internet%20Discussion%20Group |
Møller scattering is the name given to electron-electron scattering in quantum field theory, named after the Danish physicist Christian Møller. The electron interaction that is idealized in Møller scattering forms the theoretical basis of many familiar phenomena such as the repulsion of electrons in the helium atom. While formerly many particle colliders were designed specifically for electron-electron collisions, more recently electron-positron colliders have become more common. Nevertheless, Møller scattering remains a paradigmatic process within the theory of particle interactions.
We can express this process in the usual notation, often used in particle physics:
In quantum electrodynamics, there are two tree-level Feynman diagrams describing the process: a t-channel diagram in which the electrons exchange a photon and a similar u-channel diagram. Crossing symmetry, one of the tricks often used to evaluate Feynman diagrams, in this case implies that Møller scattering should have the same cross section as Bhabha scattering (electron-positron scattering).
In the electroweak theory the process is instead described by four tree-level diagrams: the two from QED and an identical pair in which a Z boson is exchanged instead of a photon. The weak force is purely left-handed, but the weak and electromagnetic forces mix into the particles we observe. The photon is symmetric by construction, but the Z boson prefers left-handed particles to right-handed particles. Thus the cross sections for left-handed electrons and right-handed differ. The difference was first noticed by the Russian physicist Yakov Zel'dovich in 1959, but at the time he believed the parity violating asymmetry (a few hundred parts per billion) was too small to be observed. This parity violating asymmetry can be measured by firing a polarized beam of electrons through an unpolarized electron target (liquid hydrogen, for instance), as was done by an experiment at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, SLAC-E158. The asymmetry in Møller scattering is
where me is the electron mass, E the energy of the incoming electron (in the reference frame of the other electron), is Fermi's constant, is the fine structure constant, is the scattering angle in the center of mass frame, and is the weak mixing angle, also known as the Weinberg angle.
QED computation
The Møller scattering can be calculated from the QED point-of-view, at the tree-level, with the help of the two diagrams shown on this page. These two diagrams are contributing at leading order from the QED point-of-view. If we are taking in account the weak force, which is unified with the electromagnetic force at high energy, then we have to add two tree-level diagram for the exchange of a boson. Here we will focus our attention on a strict tree-level QED computation of the cross section, which is rather instructive but maybe not the most accurate description from a physical point-of-view.
Before the derivation, we write the 4-momenta as (and for incoming electrons, and for outgoing electrons, and ):
The Mandelstam variables are:
These Mandelstam variables satisfy the identity: .
According to the two diagrams on this page, the matrix element of t-channel is
the matrix element of u-channel is
So the sum is
Therefore,
To calculate the unpolarized cross section, we average over initial spins and sum over final spins, with the factor 1/4 (1/2 for each incoming electron):
where we have used the relation . We would next calculate the traces.
The first term in the braces is
Here , and we have used the -matrix identity
and that trace of any product of an odd number of is zero.
Similarly, the second term is
Using the -matrix identities
and the identity of Mandelstam variables: , we get the third term
Therefore,
Substitute in the momentums we have set here, which are
Finally we get the unpolarized cross section
with and .
In the nonrelativistic limit, ,
In the ultrarelativistic limit, ,
References
External links
SLAC E158: Measuring the Electron's WEAK Charge
Quantum electrodynamics
Scattering theory | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B8ller%20scattering |
Shinvi () was a South Korean girl group formed by Cid.K Entertainment, a subsidiary of SM Entertainment. The group is composed of Yoo Soo-jin, Oh Sang-eun and Yoo-na. The group only released debut album 15 to 30 in April 2002 and the members separated one year later to led the group disbanded.
History
Shinvi was promoted by SM Entertainment but was actually under a subsidiary of the company, similarly to their labelmate group Milk. Their first album was scheduled to be released in late 2001, but instead came out in April 2002. Shinhwa member Jun Jin appeared in the music video of their title song, "To My Friend". A poll was conducted on Shinvi's website to determine what the group's follow up release would be. "Darling" was voted as the next song for the group to promote, and it was also used in the online game Shining Lore. Shinvi released another solo song on the SM Entertainment compilation album Summer Vacation in SMTOWN.com, entitled "Summer in Love". The last album that the group participated in was 2002 Winter Vacation in SMTOWN.com. Though Yuna appeared in the music video for "My Angel My Light", only Soo Jin and Sang Eun were featured on the album's jacket. Since this last release there have been no updates on the status of the group, and Shinvi is assumed to have disbanded.
Members
Yoo Soo-jin () - leader, high vocal
Oh Sang-eun () - lead vocal
Yoo-na () - low vocal
Discography
Studio albums
15 to 30, April 2002
Collaborations
Summer Vacation In SMTown.com, June 2002
2002 Winter Vacation in SMTOWN.com - My Angel My Light, December 2002
References
External links
Shinvi at Billboard Korea
Shinvi on empas people
Shinvi on EPG
Shinvi on Hanple
K-pop music groups
South Korean girl groups
Musical groups established in 2002
Musical groups disestablished in 2002
SM Entertainment artists
2002 establishments in South Korea
2002 disestablishments in South Korea | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinvi |
Potteries is an English dialect of the West Midlands of England, almost exclusively in and around Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire.
Origin and history
As with most local dialects in English, Potteries dialect derives originally from Anglo Saxon Old English. The 14th-century Middle English poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, which appears in the Cotton Nero A.x manuscript uses dialect words native to the Potteries, leading some scholars to believe that it was written by a monk from Dieulacres Abbey. However, the most commonly suggested candidate for authorship is John Massey of Cotton, Cheshire (now part of Cranage outside Holmes Chapel). The same manuscript also contains three religious alliterative poems, Cleanness, Patience and Pearl, which are attributed to the same unknown author. Although the identity of the author is still disputed, J. R. R. Tolkien and E. V. Gordon writing in 1925 concluded that "his home was in the West Midlands of England; so much his language shows, and his metre, and his scenery."
The first documented instance of Potteries dialect is by the prominent Staffordshire lawyer John Ward (1781–1870) and local historian Simeon Shaw in their book The Borough of Stoke-upon-Trent published in 1843, in which Ward recorded phonetically a conversation which he overheard in Burslem marketplace in 1810. In the passage, entitled A Burslem Dialogue, Ward provided an explanation of some of the words unique to the district: ‘mewds’ (moulds), ‘kale’ (being called upon in order, first, second….), ‘heo’ (she), ‘shippon’ (a cow-house).
From the 1750s onwards the Industrial Revolution created a high concentration of workforce in the ceramic and coal mining industries, working in close proximity in Stoke-on-Trent. This allowed the dialect to develop as a way of speech specific to those industries.
Some observers of Potteries dialect in the 21st century fear it is dying out as a living speech, as fewer young people use it in everyday conversation. Steve Birks cites increased ease of travel, the decline of the pottery industry leading to people moving out of the area to find work, the prevalence of and exposure to Received Pronunciation through television and radio, and the uniformity of the British education system as contributing factors in the decline of the dialect.
Alan Povey has predicted that his will be the last generation that speaks Potteries dialect, and that after his generation is gone the dialect will die out for good. However Birks points out that there have been attempts to eradicate the dialect since the 19th century which were unsuccessful. John Ward writing in 1843 noted that the Potteries dialect was "now almost banished by the schoolmasters assiduous care". Birks also writes that dialect is still used widely amongst local residents, and is toned down when speaking to visitors to the city to be intelligible to them, which shows the dialect is still present in everyday conversation. He also states that there is "a growing interest in preserving, reading about and speaking dialects."
Phonology
The linguist Graham Pointon, a native of the Potteries, has noted the following phonological differences between RP and the modern Potteries accent.
There is no phoneme , although occurs as an allophone of before , thus, singer rhymes with finger (so-called ng-coalescence).
The three RP vowels are replaced by two, with different distributions. The foot-strut split is absent like most dialects in the northern half of England, with most cases of RP being transcribed as , often phonetically realised as . This means that pairs such as but-bought, pun-pawn, full-fall are distinguished by length alone. Some cases of also use , whereas other words (e.g. book) use a long vowel
As with most other dialects in the northern half of England, there is also no trap-bath split. The phoneme is mostly restricted to stressed word-final position (e.g. spa) and to words when an historic or has been elided (e.g. palm, farm).
H-dropping is common, and conversely any word beginning with a vowel may be emphasised with an initial .
The traditional dialect differs much more from RP, but (as with all dialects in England) it is now confined to older residents. The Potteries dialect descends from the West Midlands dialect of Middle English (ME), whereas modern Standard English descends from the East Midlands dialect.
ME became in the West Midland area, so that man is pronounced , and cannot is .
ME has diphthongised in many cases to . This has been kept distinct from ME which has become a closer monophthongal vowel . Therefore, see is pronounced whereas say is pronounced .
ME has in many cases merged with ME – wife , mice . Elsewhere it has undergone the general vowel shift to , and then simplified to and then to my wife is often called (= “my lady”).
ME has opened to : for example, tell is pronounced . In final , the has vocalized and the backed and risen to form a diphthong : therefore, ball is pronounced .
The traditional dialect also preserves older second person singular forms for modal verbs, such as for can you?
Lexicon
Like all English dialects, the Potteries dialect derives from Anglo-Saxon Old English. Example words and phrases:
"Nesh" meaning soft, tender, or to easily get cold is derived from the Old English word hnesce.
"Slat" meaning to throw, is from the old English "slath,” moved.
"Fang" meaning catch or seize, as in "Fang 'owd of this" – "catch hold of this", is from Old English "fang, fangen". It is a cognate with the modern Swedish word "fånga", as well as the Norwegian word "fange" and the Dutch word "vangen" and German verb "fangen", which means "to catch".
"Sheed" meaning to spill liquids, most likely derived from the word "shed" in the sense of getting rid of something.
"Duck" a common term of affection towards both men and women as in "Tow rate owd duck?". "Are you all right dear?"
"Spanwanned" (agricultural) meaning the state of being stuck astride a wall whilst attempting to climb over it. Probably from the Saxon "spannan winnan", Span Woe.
"Kidda" meaning mate, friend, or to refer to a child or family member. Compare to "kiddo" which is used in parts of North America for a similar purpose.
"Bank" meaning hill; also "upbank" and "downbank" for uphill and downhill. e.g. "Tine 'Ow Bank" (Town Hall Bank), local name for Butlers Hill in Cheadle, Staffordshire Moorlands.
"Bank" also appears as in "pot bank", which is a location where pottery is produced.
"Lobby" is a local stew similar to the Liverpudlian stew scouse.
"Gancie" is a word for a jumper/sweater, it comes from the Irish for jumper, “geansaí”.
"Cost kick a bo agen a wo an yed it til it bosts?" means ... Can you kick a ball against a wall and head it until it bursts?
"Mar Lady" or "Thar lady", with the emphasis on the first word, refer to one's female girlfriend, partner or spouse. The "y" in My and Thy is pronounced long as "ah", so these are rendered as "Mar Lady" and "Thar Lady".
In popular culture
A popular cartoon called May un Mar Lady, created by Dave Follows, appears in The Sentinel newspaper and is written in the Potteries dialect. A local weekly paper, the 'Cheadle & Tean Times', also carries a short column by 'Sosh' remarking on local happenings as a monologue in Staffordshire dialect. Previously The Sentinel has carried other stories in the dialect, most notably the Jabez stories written by Wilfred Bloor under the pseudonym of A Scott
Alan Povey's Owd Grandad Piggott stories which have aired on BBC Radio Stoke for a number of years are recited in the Potteries dialect by the author.
The Potteries accent is much more difficult to imitate than Cockney, Scouse, Brummie or Geordie; and few actors from outside the Potteries have managed to master it. Neither in the 1952 film "The Card" nor in the 1976 TV series "Clayhanger", did any actor give a reasonable rendition of the accent.
Ken Loach's 1971 film The Rank and File was set in the Potteries and attempted to use the local dialect, but many of the actors were recruited from the film The Big Flame which was set in Liverpool and used Scouse. However, Toby Jones carried off the accent near flawlessly in the award winning film Marvellous. His father, actor Freddie Jones, was born in the Potteries.
See also
Owd Grandad Piggott
Cheshire dialect
References
Bibliography
Arfur Tow Crate in Staffy Cher
The 2nd book of Arfur Tow Crate in Staffy Cher
Learn Thesen Potteries Dialect
A Centenary Compendium of the Jabez Stories
Further reading
Sounds Familiar?Listen to examples of regional accents and dialects from across the UK on the British Library's 'Sounds Familiar' website
The Survey of English Dialects (University of Leeds)
The Survey of English Dialects (Yorkshire Dialect Society)
Extracts from the survey (British Library)
External links
Potteries Dialect links
May un Mar Lady Examples
Brief History of Potteries Dialect on BBC website
Dialect words as collected by Peter Roy Turner from Brown Edge Staffordshire
Contemplation upon the origins and usage of the Potteries dialect
Culture in Stoke-on-Trent
Dialects of English
Potteries Urban Area
British regional nicknames
City colloquials
The Wilfred Bloor papers the author of The Jabez Stories
Where to buy Jabez Books | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potteries%20dialect |
Parrs Wood High School is a coeducational secondary school in East Didsbury, Manchester, England, located off Wilmslow Road behind Parrs Wood Entertainment Complex. It educates pupils from the age of 11 to 18 years. A-Levels are taught at the Parrs Wood Sixth Form Centre, which is integrated with the main school.
History
Parrs Wood was the 4th largest school in the UK in 2008, with 2,030 students and 450 in the sixth form centre.
In 2015, the governors of Parrs Wood decided to embark on the process of turning the school into an academy, despite opposition from staff and local politicians.
It converted in 2016, the former school had community school status; its URN was 105556.
After the Manchester Arena bombing, the school's choir recorded the title track from Ariana Grande's My Everything to benefit the victims. The choir then performed the song at the One Love Manchester concert with Ariana Grande herself to further honour and aid the victims.
The building
The original school building, built in 1967, was demolished in 2000 and was rebuilt from scratch on a site behind the original school; the contractors built the school building in exchange for a portion of the school grounds on which to build an entertainment complex.
Sixth form
Parrs Wood Sixth Form Centre is part of the school campus. It opened in 2000 after the rebuilding of the main school. The centre is located in a Grade II listed building independent from the main school.
Ofsted
In 2007, an Ofsted inspection showed the school to be lacking in several areas, particularly in KS3 SAT results, and criticised the school management for failure to act to remedy the situation. The report reflected that this situation was unacceptable and the school was placed in special measures. In February 2010, OFSTED judged the school to be satisfactory and as such no longer required special measures.
In its most recent inspection, the school was graded as Grade 2 - Good.
Controversy
In May 2007, a canister of CS gas was discharged in the science area of Parrs Wood, which resulted in 58 students and staff being taken to hospital. The incident was described by Greater Manchester Police as an "idiotic prank".
In 2012, Judge Peeling QC, found against the governing body of the school in a Judicial Review of a decision to suspend one of the governors.
The school is directly opposite a branch of Grosvenor G Casinos in the Parrs Wood entertainment centre complex. Members of Manchester City Council's planning committee originally rejected the plans to build the casino after Didsbury residents objected due to a possible negative effect on the livelihood of pupils at the school: students would have to walk past the casino on a daily basis in order to attend. Despite the original rejection, Grosvenor G Casinos were granted planning permission in March 2011. The Parrs Wood branch has been open as of June 2012.
In January 2023, a 14-year-old girl suffered serious, though not life-threatening, injuries after being stabbed by a fellow student using a 'sharp instrument'. The perpetrator was arrested by police.
Notable former pupils
Matt Crampton, cyclist
Holliday Grainger, English screen and stage actress
Lisa Nandy, Labour MP
Hannah Pool, fashion writer
Lucy Powell, Labour MP
Nick Speak, cricketer
Pictures
References
External links
The school's choir sings the title track from My Everything (2017)
Educational institutions established in 1967
Secondary schools in Manchester
Didsbury
1967 establishments in England
Academies in Manchester | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parrs%20Wood%20High%20School |
Tony Alvarez (19 December 1956 – 21 July 1997) was a Spanish Australian actor and singer. Born in Velez-Malaga, he was best known for his television roles in Australia and the US.
Television in Australia
He is probably best remembered for his ongoing role as Dr Tony Garcia in the long running Australian soap opera The Young Doctors. He appeared in the role from 1977 until 1979. His character was a love interest of characters Lisa Brooks (Paula Duncan) and Tania Livingston (Judy McBurney).
UK stage and music
After leaving The Young Doctors Alvarez starred on the stage in Evita and toured the UK with Ronnie Corbett in Cabaret. Alvarez was also a singer, and in the early 1980s he released a cover of Talking In My Sleep.
He had a brief guest role in television serial Prisoner in 1983 playing a man, also named Tony, revealed to be a vicious rapist. He followed this with a six-month stint as a fiery Spanish servant in drama series Carson's Law in 1984.
US television roles
After Carson's Law, Alvarez worked in the US on the series General Hospital and The Bold and the Beautiful.
During Alvarez' career, he worked alongside Antonio Banderas and subsequently discovered they were born in the same town.
Death
Alvarez was diagnosed with an AIDS related cancer and died in Sydney at age 40 not far from the Mitchell Street studios where he first shot to fame in The Young Doctors.
References
1956 births
1997 deaths
Australian people of Spanish descent
Australian male television actors
20th-century Australian male actors | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony%20Alvarez%20%28actor%29 |
Tunis Lake is a private small reservoir located south-southeast of the hamlet of Bovina Center in Delaware County, New York. Tunis Lake drains southwest via an unnamed creek which flows into Silver Lake. The lake is great for paddleboarding. The lake is not open to the public or through traffic. The speed limit is 15 MPH. Wildlife sightings include bald eagles, snapper turtles, deer, beavers, egret, ducks, geese, groundhogs, rabbits, porcupines, owls, eagles, bears, coyotes, and a few species of fish in the lake itself.
See also
List of lakes in New York
References
Lakes of New York (state)
Lakes of Delaware County, New York
Reservoirs in Delaware County, New York | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunis%20Lake |
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