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The Lordstown Complex is a factory building and automotive manufacturing plant in Lordstown, Ohio, U.S. Lordstown is an industrial suburb of Youngstown, Ohio.
It was a General Motors automobile factory from 1966 to 2019, comprising three facilities: Vehicle Assembly, Metal Center, and Paint Shop. Lordstown was opened to build compact cars for Chevrolet, the Vega/Monza, Cavalier, Cobalt, Cruze, and their rebadged variants, mostly for Pontiac. The plant also built the Chevrolet van and its GMC variant (Handi-Bus/Handi-Van, Rally Van and Vandura) until 1995.
In November 2019, the plant was sold to Lordstown Motors which produced to manufacture the Lordstown Endurance electric pickup truck there from 2022 to 2023.
In 2022, Foxconn purchased the plant. It plans to manufacture the Fisker Pear there.
History
Early years
Originally farmland owned by a local resident, a representative for GM purchased the property in 1955 on GM's behalf, but at the time wouldn't divulge specifics except it was for manufacturing and that its location along the then-new Ohio Turnpike made it an ideal location for the plant. GM publicly announced plans for the plant on March 19, 1956, for Chevrolet, with plans to build the division's entire model line except the Chevrolet Task Force and heavy duty trucks, the latter then exclusively built at Willow Run Assembly. Despite plans to open the plant by 1957, the construction began in 1964 and the first Impala rolled off the line on April 28, 1966.
The plant's initial products were Chevrolet's full-size lineup (Caprice, Impala, Bel Air, Biscayne), then America's best-selling vehicle, as well as the first generation Pontiac Firebird. The Firebird and Chevrolet's full-size models would be moved to other plants by 1971, when the plant added conversion van production and began production of the Chevrolet Vega.
GM Strike of 1972
This assembly plant was the place of the notorious Lordstown Strike of 1972, a strike against management at the GM plant. The strike resulted in Chevys coming off the line with torn upholstery and other defects. The strike lasted a total of 22 days and cost GM US$150 million ($ in dollars ). Later strikers elsewhere who similarly engaged in disrupting production lines were labeled as having "Lordstown Syndrome". According to Peter Drucker, a management consultant, it was not just the rigid discipline of the assembly line, or the speedup of operation, but rather that the workers almost unanimously felt they could have done a better job at designing much of their own work than GM's industrial engineers (hence the need to include the floor workers in part of the plant design process). Due to their "hippyness" long hair, and mod fashion, the strikers were referred to by Newsweek magazine as an "industrial Woodstock".
The Lordstown Strike of 1972 was part of the broader mass labor unrest of the 1970s, an era which witnessed the second most labor strikes after 1946. The strike affected the quality of the Vega, and it can be argued that the Vega's overall reliability, caused by labor issues at the plant, led to the Vega eventually being named one of the worst cars of all-time. Despite that, quality control improved at the plant enough that GM awarded the plant the J-body models for 1981. Lordstown eventually became the sole plant building them, a GM tradition where the core brands originated from one factory, and knock-down kits were sent to branch assembly plants in major American cities to meet local demand.
Later years
Following the collapse of the steel industry in the Mahoning Valley in the late 1970s and early 1980s, Lordstown Assembly became the area's largest industrial employer. Youngstown State University surpassed Lordstown Assembly as the area's largest employer by the mid-2000s. Local health care provider Mercy Health also surpassed Lordstown Assembly in total employment. Conversion van production at Lordstown ended when production of the Chevrolet van's successor, the Chevrolet Express, moved to the Wentzville Assembly in 1994, leaving Lordstown to focus exclusively on compact cars.
In 2006, as part of GM scaling back production nationwide, the third shift at the Lordstown plant ceased operations. An employee buyout and early retirements eliminated the need for layoffs. In the summer of 2008, when gas prices soared, the third shift returned in August due to increased demand for the Chevrolet Cobalt, resulting in the creation of nearly 1,000 jobs. Shortly after, General Motors entered bankruptcy and two shifts were cut.
During the 2008 presidential campaign, both Hillary Clinton and John McCain made stops at Lordstown. Shortly after election Barack Obama visited Lordstown to celebrate new product announcements and to proclaim success for the auto industry rescue.
In 2010, in preparation to build the new compact Chevrolet Cruze, all members laid off from the plant returned to work. Numerous workers from shuttered GM plants in the US were moved to Lordstown for the open positions.
In 2014, a 2.2 MW solar array was installed, covering six and a half acres with 8,500 solar panels.
Closure
In November 2016, GM announced to end the third shift by January 2017, affecting 1,200 workers. On April 13, 2018, GM announced that the second shift would be cut, eliminating up to 1,500 jobs. The cuts were related to declining sales of the Cruze (and compact cars in general) in favor of SUVs and crossovers, including GM's own GMC Terrain and Chevrolet Equinox, both of which are loosely related to the Cruze and GM announced it would build the new Chevrolet Blazer at Ramos Arizpe Assembly in Mexico on the same day Lordstown's second shift ended, angering the United Auto Workers.
On Monday, November 26, 2018, GM announced that the plant would be unallocated in 2019. Many, including the area's U.S. representative Tim Ryan, considered the closing their generation's "Black Monday", in reference to Youngstown Sheet and Tube's announcement on Monday, September 19, 1977 that led to the collapse of the steel industry in the area four decades prior.
The last day of production was March 6, 2019. Subsequently, the plant was transitioned to an idled state. The final vehicle built at Lordstown, a white 2019 Chevrolet Cruze LS, remained in the area and was delivered to a local Chevrolet dealership after making arrangements with GM to keep the vehicle in the area after a local GM customer requested it; the dealer made a vehicle swap with a dealer in Miami that was originally scheduled to receive the vehicle and was already sold before it left the plant.
Lordstown Motors era
Shortly after the shutdown, GM entered talks with electric truck maker Workhorse Group to sell the plant. They required the approval of the UAW, but did not get it until October, following a month-long strike.
On November 7, 2019, the plant was sold to Lordstown Motors, which is 10% owned by Workhorse Group, licensing their electric-drive technology. The purchase price was not disclosed, but Reuters reported it was similar to EV start-up Rivian Automotive LLC’s 2017 acquisition of a former Mitsubishi plant in Normal, Illinois, for US$16 million. They plan to manufacture an electric pickup truck called the Endurance there. GM loaned Lordstown Motors in 2019 to underwrite a substantial part of the plant purchase.
Foxconn era
Foxconn later purchased unused space in the plant to establish an auto manufacturing facility in the U.S. for its proposed electric vehicle such as the Fisker Inc. PEAR. As part of the deal Foxconn will also oversee production of the Endurance Pickup truck. On August 9, Foxconn announced that it would also produce battery packs and the Monarch MX-V smart electric tractor for Monarch Tractor.
Vehicles produced
Notes
References
External links
Lordstown Complex corporate fact sheet
1966 establishments in Ohio
Buildings and structures in Trumbull County, Ohio
Motor vehicle assembly plants in Ohio
General Motors factories
Foxconn
Industrial buildings completed in 1966 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lordstown%20Assembly |
The Indira Sagar Dam is the largest dam in India, in terms of volume of water stored in the reservoir. It is located on the Narmada River at the town of Narmada Nagar, Punasa in the Khandwa district of Madhya Pradesh in India. The foundation stone of the project was laid by the prime minister of India Indira Gandhi on 23 October 1984. The construction of the main dam started in 1992. The downstream projects of ISP are Omkareshwar, Maheshwar, and Sardar Sarovar Project. To build it, a town of 22,000 people and 100 villages was displaced.
The Project involved construction of a 92 m high and 653 m long concrete gravity dam. It provides irrigation to 1,230 square kilometres of land with annual production of 2.7 billion units in the districts of Khandwa and Khargone in Madhya Pradesh, and power generation of 1,000 MW (8x125 MW) installed capacity. In terms of storage of water, it is the largest reservoir in India, with capacity of 12.22 billion cu m or 12.2 km³, followed by Nagarjuna Sagar between Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. The dam was built as a joint venture between Madhya Pradesh irrigation and National Hydroelectric Power Corporation. It was commissioned in May 2005.
Indira Sagar Project
River Narmada, the fifth largest river in India, with a river flow length of 1,312 km, originates from Amarkantak in Anuppur district of Madhya Pradesh. Narmada flows southwestward and after passing through Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and a small stretch in Maharashtra, it drains into the Arabian Sea near the Gulf of Khambhat. Indira Sagar Project (ISP) situated on River Narmada, 12 km from Punasa in Khandwa district of Madhya Pradesh, has been commissioned on 31 March 2005.
Indira Sagar Project is a multipurpose Project with an installed capacity of 1,000 MW, with annual energy generation of 2,698 million units in Stage I, 1,850 million units in Stage II, and 1,515 million units in Stage III, and annual irrigation of 2.65 Lac. Ha on a Culturable Command Area (CCA) of 1.23 Lac. Ha. Total catchment area at the dam site is 61,642 km2. Indira Sagar Project is the mother project for the downstream projects on Narmada Basin with the largest reservoir in India, having 12.22 b m3 storage capacity. All the eight units commissioned by March 2005 ahead of schedule while generation from first unit was started from January 2004. The powerhouse is the second-largest surface powerhouse in India.
See also
List of power stations in India
Nagarjuna Sagar
Tehri Dam
Hirakud Dam
References
External links
Indira Sagar Power Station at NHPC India
Indira Sagar Dam
News related to Indira Sagar Dam
National Register of Large Dams (2009)
Dams in Madhya Pradesh
Khandwa district
Hydroelectric power stations in Madhya Pradesh
Dams on the Narmada River
Dams completed in 2005
2005 establishments in Madhya Pradesh | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indirasagar%20Dam |
The Oakville Assembly Complex is a Ford Motor Company of Canada automobile factory in Oakville, Ontario, spanning 487 acres. This landmark occupies the same site as, and combines, the former Ontario Truck plant and Oakville Assembly Plant. Clearly visible from the Queen Elizabeth Way and the Lakeshore West GO Train line, it relies on the nearby railway service to transport parts and vehicles throughout the country.
History
The first car plant on this site opened in 1953, and produced nearly all of the vehicles for Ford in Canada until 1966. It was the site of production for the company's minivans but was renovated with a $1 billion investment to produce crossover CUVs by 2006. Phase one was completed with the launch of the Edge and the MKX in the fall of 2006 and phase two was completed by spring of 2008 with the launch of the Ford Flex. In addition to the human workers, 440 robots help to assist in the production of new automobiles. The company has two different shifts that last from 8–10 hours (depending on the economy and the demand for new automobiles). As of 2002, up to 211,000 new vehicles can be manufactured and assembled within a typical year.
In 2013, Ford announced an investment of C$700-million to upgrade the plant to manufacture vehicles of global platform with the assistance from the governments of Canada and Ontario of C$140-million worth to the project. The plant assembled 255,924 vehicles in 2012, and 258,358 vehicles in 2013.
Ford ended the production of the Lincoln MKT in October 2019 and the Ford Flex the following month, the company laid off 450 of its 4,200 plant workers in early 2020.
The plant is planned to produce electric vehicles and assemble batteries, starting from 2025, after a major retooling from 2024. Government of Canada and the province of Ontario are responsible to contribute a total of C$500 million.
Products made
Current
Ford Edge (2007–present)
Lincoln Nautilus (2019–present)
Past
Monarch Turnpike Cruiser (1957)
Edsel Citation (1958)
Edsel Pacer (1958)
Edsel Corsair (1958–1959)
Edsel Ranger (1958–1959)
Frontenac (1960)
Mercury Comet (1962–1967)
Ford F-Series (1965-2004)
Ford Custom 500 (1973–1981)
Ford LTD (1975–1982)
Mercury Lynx (1981–1987)
Ford Escort (1981–1990)
Ford Tempo (1984–1994)
Mercury Topaz (1984–1994)
Ford Windstar (1995–2003)
Ford Freestar (2004–2007)
Mercury Monterey (2004–2007)
Lincoln MKX (2007–2018)
Ford Flex (2009–2019)
Lincoln MKT (2010–2019)
See also
List of Ford factories
References
External links
1953 establishments in Ontario
Ford factories
Motor vehicle assembly plants in Canada
Buildings and structures in Oakville, Ontario | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oakville%20Assembly |
Walt Disney World Quest: Magical Racing Tour, sometimes mislabeled as Disney MT Racing or Walt Disney World: Magical Racing Quest, is a 2000 go-kart racing video game based on attractions at the Walt Disney World Resort. Players compete in races on tracks inspired by attractions such as the Haunted Mansion, Pirates of the Caribbean, Space Mountain and Big Thunder Mountain Railroad to acquire missing parts for the park's fireworks machine, which was accidentally destroyed by Chip 'n' Dale while they were gathering acorns. The game was developed by Crystal Dynamics and published by Eidos Interactive. The Game Boy Color version was developed by Silent Software.
Gameplay
The game consists of normal kart racing gameplay, racing in three-lap races around tracks inspired by Big Thunder Mountain Railroad, Blizzard Beach, Dinosaur, Rock 'n' Roller Coaster, the Haunted Mansion, the Jungle Cruise, Tomorrowland Speedway, Space Mountain, and Pirates of the Caribbean to win parts for the fireworks machine in the game's story mode. Completing the story will also unlock a track inspired by Splash Mountain. However, on tracks inspired by Test Track, Typhoon Lagoon, and Hollywood Studios, players must collect thirty coins around the driving areas of these tracks within four minutes in order to complete their events.
The game features 13 playable racers, consisting of Chip, Dale (both of whom appear in their Rescue Rangers outfits), Jiminy Cricket, and 10 original characters created for the game.
Music
The soundtrack features authentic Disney music from the attractions, with the exception of Space Mountain, which features music from the Disneyland version, Rock 'n' Roller Coaster, which does not feature Aerosmith as the actual attraction does, and Dinosaur and Blizzard Beach, which each use tracks from Gex: Enter the Gecko and Gex 3: Deep Cover Gecko, both of which Hedges previously composed (while using an adapted rendition of a track from the latter game). The menu screen features an instrumental version of “It’s a Small World”.
Reception
The Dreamcast version received "mixed" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic.
Reviewers of IGN and Eurogamer praised the presentation of the PlayStation (IGN) and Dreamcast versions (Eurogamer), and how the developers were able to recreate popular attractions in-game, and the "Disney-esque" charm it has. Both also berated the difficulty (with the CPU racers being so hard to beat), some of the graphics, and the fact that the developers only used a small sound sample from each attraction and looped it, which got annoying quickly.
A reviewer of GameSpot called the Dreamcast version a good entry to the kart racing genre, while also bringing attention to its many similarities to Mario Kart. The amount of detail put into the tracks and the sound were also praised, but the reviewer was disappointed by the game's short play length. Greg Orlando of NextGen said of the same console version: "Video game behemoth Eidos has fallen prey to the notion that wacky characters plus karts plus odd power-ups automatically equals good racing fun. It doesn't". Nintendo Power gave the Game Boy Color version a mixed review, nearly three months before its U.S. release date.
See also
List of Disney video games
References
External links
2000 video games
Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers
Crystal Dynamics games
Disney video games
Dreamcast games
Eidos Interactive games
Game Boy Color games
Kart racing video games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Pirates of the Caribbean video games
PlayStation (console) games
Racing video games set in the United States
The Haunted Mansion video games
Video games based on Walt Disney Parks and Resorts attractions
Video games developed in the United States
Video games scored by Burke Trieschmann
Video games set in Orlando, Florida
Windows games
Video games set in amusement parks | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walt%20Disney%20World%20Quest%3A%20Magical%20Racing%20Tour |
Graffiti is writing or drawings scribbled, scratched, or sprayed on a wall or other surface in a public place.
Graffiti may also refer to:
Books and publications
Graffiti, a series of books by author Nigel Rees
Graffiti (magazine), a Canadian music magazine in the 1980s
Graffiti (newspaper), an arts and entertainment publication in West Virginia
Music
Albums
Graffiti (Tokio album), 1998
Graffiti (Chris Brown album), 2009
Graffiti Bridge (album), a 1990 Prince album
Songs
"Graffiti" (Maxïmo Park song), 2005
"Graffiti" (Gackt song), 2011
"Graffiti", Spanish version of hit single from Demis Roussos discography
Aviation
FUL MA 30 Graffiti, a German ultralight trike design
Raisner Graffiti, an American ultralight trike design
Computing and technology
Graffiti (Palm OS), a handwriting recognition software used in PDAs
Graffiti (program), a computer program used in the fields of mathematics and chemistry
Graffiti Markup Language, a format that stores graffiti motion data
Yahoo! Graffiti, a multiplayer word game on Yahoo! Games
Other uses
Graffiti Junktion, a chain of restaurants located throughout Florida
Moviment Graffitti, a Maltese leftist pressure group
Graffiti Awards, Uruguayan music awards established in 2003
Graffiti Bridge (film), a 1990 film starring Prince
See also
Grafite (born 1979), Brazilian footballer
Graffito (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graffiti%20%28disambiguation%29 |
Hans Moser (30 September 1944 – 2 July 2016) was prominent as a pornographic-film director and producer, photographer and magazine publisher. He is also known as Sascha Alexander.
Born in Hanover, Germany, he was the eldest son of ethnic German refugees from Romania and Hungary. He discovered Teresa Orlowski in 1981. He married her in 1982 in a ceremony in Las Vegas. They divorced in 1989. He then married Sarah Louise Young on 13 January 1991, but they divorced amicably a decade later.
Hans Moser's grandson, Paul Moser, currently works and lives in St Louis, MO.
Selected filmography
Born for Love (1987) - a German-American co-production featuring Sibylle Rauch, John Leslie, Karin Schubert, Joey Silvera, Elle Rio, Jamie Summers, Tom Byron, Sharon Kane and others.
Foxy Lady 01-12 (1984–1986) - he made these movies with Teresa Orlowski, the first German porn star.
References
External links
Note: Without his movies with Teresa Orlowski.
1944 births
2016 deaths
Photographers from Lower Saxony
German pornographic film producers
German pornographic film directors
Film people from Hanover | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans%20Moser%20%28director%29 |
Dimitar Yanev Stanchov, sometimes transliterated as Dimitri Stancioff () (21 May 1863, in Svishtov – 23 March 1940, in Sofia), was a Bulgarian diplomat and politician who briefly served as Prime Minister.
Early life
Stanchov came from a leading family of Bulgarian merchants who had lived for three generations in Svishtov, although they had originated in Berat. The third of four children, his family was rich but non-aristocratic and were closely associated with support for Bulgaria as an independent state rather than a vassal of the Ottoman Empire. Stanchov was educated at the Theresianum in Vienna and following his graduation entered the diplomatic service rather than the career in business that had initially been envisaged for him. Both as a result of what he learned in the education system of the Habsburg Empire and due to his enthusiasm for Bulgaria's new independence under her own monarch the young Stanchov became a staunch and lifelong royalist.
Diplomatic and political career
Stanchov first came to prominence in 1887 when Ferdinand I of Bulgaria as modern Bulgaria's second prince and the head of the Theresianum recommended Stanchov to him for the role of the prince's private secretary, Ferdinand requiring someone who was equally comfortable in his native German as well as Bulgarian.
He served as ambassador to France from 1908 to 1915 although he interrupted his service during the First Balkan War to enrol in the Bulgarian Army. Although his duties mostly involved dealing with overseas journalists who were reporting on the war he was awarded a medal for bravery during a brief spell of frontline action near Salonika. Other ambassadorial roles he held included to the United Kingdom (1908 and 1920–1921), Belgium (1910–1915 and 1922–1924), Italy (1915) and the Netherlands (1922–1924).
Stanchov was acting Prime Minister from 12 to 16 March 1907 following the assassination of Dimitar Petkov and before the accession of Petar Gudev. He also served as foreign minister in two cabinets. He actively opposed Bulgaria's entry in World War I, for which he was temporarily removed from duty. In 1919, after Bulgaria's defeat, he was the secretary of the Bulgarian delegation at the signing of the Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine. He resigned from his diplomatic positions in 1924 due to disagreements with the right-wing policies of Aleksandar Tsankov's cabinet.
From 1925 to 1929 Stanchov was president of the Bulgarian Olympic Committee.
Personal life
Stanchov married the French noblewoman Anna de Grenaud (1861-1955), Mistress of the Robes at the Bulgarian Royal Court, in 1889 and they had five children: Alexander (1890-1891), Nadezhda (1894-1957), Feodora (1895-1969), Ivan (1897-1972) and Helene (1901-1996). One of the couple's daughters, Nadezhda Stanchova Muir, became Bulgaria's first woman on diplomatic service during the 1910s and 1920s with her brother Ivan also a leading diplomat. In 1957 Stanchova Muir published a hagiographical biography of her father Dmitri Stancioff, Patriot and Cosmopolitan. Marion Mitchell (Stancioff) Stanchov, who was an American by birth, left Bulgaria in 1942 and eventually settled in Urbana, Maryland with her husband Ivan Stanchov . Another relative, Poliksaniia (1867-1947), was the wife of Stefan Stambolov.
A grandson, Ivan Stanchov, served as ambassador of Bulgaria to the United Kingdom and to Ireland (1991–1994) and as minister of foreign affairs in Reneta Indzhova's caretaker government (October 1994–January 1995).
References
1863 births
1940 deaths
Prime Ministers of Bulgaria
Bulgarian diplomats
People from Svishtov
Ambassadors of Bulgaria to the United Kingdom
Ambassadors of Bulgaria to France
Ambassadors of Bulgaria to Belgium
Ambassadors of Bulgaria to Italy
Ambassadors of Bulgaria to the Netherlands
People from the Principality of Bulgaria | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimitar%20Stanchov |
TED Notepad is freeware portable text editor software for Microsoft Windows, developed by Juraj Šimlovič since 2001, originally as a school project. It looks similar to Windows Notepad, but provides additional features, including experimental line completion and selection jumping.
Overview
Key features of TED Notepad include simple text-only interface, large variety of text-processing tools, supplemental text clipboards, high accessibility through hotkeys, and respectable number of settings and options. The application offers several innovative and experimental features like secondary search or line-sensitive completion. It is often described as swiss-army-knife text editor on web forums.
Amongst innovative features, there is a secondary search, which allows users to look for two different things at the same time. The editor also allows users to select text to the next occurrence while searching. Another unusual feature is in go to dialog, which offers to select text upon jumping and to jump relatively from the current position.
One of the experimental features is a line completion. Besides the standard word completion, which is based on a dictionary of the actual document, TED Notepad provides a simple way to complete words also according to line similarities. In comparison to the word completion, the line completion is capable of auto-completing punctuation, special characters and source code operators. Therefore, on lines with many operators and braces, completing source code by similar lines can be more efficient than completing by words.
Features
Text tools
The most visible characteristic of TED Notepad is the number of text functions it offers, including:
Several letter case conversions.
Conversions of newlines between Unix and Mac platforms.
Tools for reversing text, words or entire lines.
Tools for word wrapping and unwrapping lines.
Tools for (un)indenting, (un)closing or (un)tabifying text.
Exhaustive tool for sorting lines.
Unique lines tool, which can exclude or count duplicate lines.
Tool for translating characters into other characters.
Tool for cutting columns from text and adding line numbers.
Extensive text statistics that calculate 12 different values about text.
Support for external user-defined text plugins like grep.
Other features
Other practical features include:
Auto-save and file backup copy.
Favorite Esc key exit.
Many hotkeys.
Several internal clipboards for usual cliché.
File size limited only by actual memory available.
Word completion, based on the actual file dictionary - the words are offered according to words already typed.
Copy word/line above that quickly inserts words typed directly above - very handy for writing lists, where each line starts with the same/similar words.
Favorite files menu.
Auto indentation and Tabs as Spaces.
Minimize to System tray and stay on top.
Reception
Awards and reviews
"Pricelessware" award from alt.comp.freeware participants in 2007.
"Top 10 Freeware" awards from editors of Freeware-Guide.com in March 2006, June 2006, July 2006 and November 2006.
"6/6 ranking" and "100% Virus & Spyware Clean" award from editors of NoNags.com.
"100% clean software" award from Softpedia.com reporting no adware, spyware or viruses present.
Multiple reviews by editors of IDG media in November 2006 and January 2007.
Review by editors of Svet Kompjutera in December 2006.
Criticism from users
To date, TED Notepad does not officially feature versions of the program in any language other than the original English version. The author furthermore forbids anyone to translate and distribute non-official nightly translations. Despite this, there are a few non-official translations for Chinese and French, downloadable directly from the main homepage of the program. The author warns, however, about possible danger that may come from using these translations.
Because of standard windows editbox architecture used in TED Notepad, the editor does not support some of the advanced display and editing techniques like syntax highlighting or block selection. Some users find these features to be the key features of many other professional text editors.
Several users have requested improvements in design and visual feeling of the application, including the missing toolbar or multiple document interface. In response, the author stated that most of these suggestions were "out of scope" of his original interest. To date, none of these features have ever been implemented. Several users also complained about the menu getting "crammed" by adding more and more features. Although the respectable number of various editing functions is the main feature of the application, it is also a sticking point of its design.
Several users have reported various troubles when printing documents from TED Notepad, for example setting up a printing font size.
April Fools' hoax
On April 1, 2007, Juraj Šimlovič pulled an April Fools' hoax on the official web-page of the project. He claimed that Microsoft was going to acquire all TED Notepad sources and copyrights for $701.556, which was the current size of the source code (in bytes). The author would no longer hold the right to develop and further distribute the program or its portions.
According to the report, which was added later to the same site, the hoax lowered visit count and visit-to-download rate.
See also
List of text editors
Comparison of text editors
References
External links
TED Notepad - An expanding Notepad replacement
TED Notepad manual and wiki
Windows-only freeware
Notepad replacements | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TED%20Notepad |
Mr. Moon or Mister Moon may refer to:
Television
Mister Moon (with Ed Leahy), 1955–1958 List of local children's television series
Mr Moon (TV series), 2010 Disney animated series
Music
"Mr. Moon" (Headless Chickens song), 1993
"Mr. Moon" (Mando Diao song), 2002
"Mr. Moon" (Carl Smith song), 1951
"Mr. Moon", a 1994 song by Jamiroquai, from the album The Return of the Space Cowboy
"Mister Moon", a 1963 single by Pat Boone
"Mister Moon", a song by Ian Gomm and Jeb Loy Nichols, from the album Only Time Will Tell | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mr%20Moon |
Fabio Bianchetti is a member of the International Skating Union Technical Committee. He took the Judge's Oath at the 2006 Winter Olympics Opening Ceremony.
He is the son of Sonia Bianchetti, also a long-time former ISU official.
References
IOC 2006 Winter Olympics
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Figure skating officials
Italian sportspeople
Olympic officials
Oath takers at the Olympic Games
Place of birth missing (living people)
21st-century Italian people | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabio%20Bianchetti |
Llanddew is a small village and community about 2 km or 1 mile north-east of Brecon, Powys, Wales. The population as of the 2011 UK Census was 232. It is in the historic county of Brecknockshire (Breconshire).
Its manor belongs to the Bishops of Saint Davids, who formerly had a residence or bishop's palace there, of which some ruins still remain. These incorporate a double-sided vaulted well, known as Bishop Gower's Well.
Llanddew Palace was the favoured residence of 12th-13th century clergyman and author Giraldus Cambrensis (Gerald of Wales), and hosted the Archbishop of Canterbury Baldwin of Exeter in 1188 during his mission through Wales recruiting for the Crusades.
St David's parish church in Llanddew is the oldest church in the historic county of Brecknockshire. The building dates from around the 13th century and has a cruciform shape, with a central tower. At one time, there were monastic buildings at the church, and the monks would go around the local area preaching and giving communion.
References
External links
Photos of Llanddew and surrounding area on geograph.org.uk
Villages in Powys
Episcopal palaces in Wales | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llanddew |
One Night () is a 2005 Iranian film. It was the directorial debut of Niki Karimi.
The movie was screened in the Un Certain Regard section of the 2005 Cannes Film Festival.
Plot
Negar (Hāni'eh Tavassoli) has been kicked out of home by her mother. She is left with no choice but to spend the night walking around the streets of Tehran where she meets three men who all have different stories.
Festivals
One Night was screened at the following festivals:
Cannes film festival 2005
Munich Film Festival
Osian's Connoisseur
Toronto Film Festival
Edition du Festival du film
Sienna Film Festival
Reykjavik International Film Festival 2005
Brisbane International Film Festival 2006
Vancouver Film Festival
Gangnam Tyme Park Festival
Kolkata International Film Festival, India 2014
References
External links
Cannes movie profile
2005 films
2000s Persian-language films
2005 drama films
Films directed by Niki Karimi
2005 directorial debut films
Iranian drama films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One%20Night%20%282005%20film%29 |
John Thornycroft may refer to:
Sir John Thornycroft, 1st Baronet (1659–1725), English barrister-at-law
John Edward Thornycroft (1872–1960), British civil engineer
John Isaac Thornycroft (1843–1928), British shipbuilder
John I. Thornycroft & Company Limited, the shipbuilding company named after him | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Thornycroft |
Eastern Shore is a provincial electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that elects one member of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly.
In 1967, the district was created as Halifax Eastern Shore out of Halifax East and part of Halifax County Dartmouth. Upon the recommendations of the 1992 Electoral Boundaries Commission report, the district name was changed to Eastern Shore and it gained the Upper Lawrencetown area from Cole Harbour. In 2003, it gained an area on its western boundary from Dartmouth-Cole Harbour and lost an area on its eastern boundary to Guysborough-Sheet Harbour. In 2013, the district lost the Ross Road area to Preston-Dartmouth.
It is known as a bellwether district, having elected a government representative in every election since 1970.
Geography
The land area of Eastern Shore is .
Members of the Legislative Assembly
This riding has elected the following Members of the Legislative Assembly:
Election results
1967 general election
1970 general election
1974 general election
1978 general election
1981 general election
1984 general election
1988 general election
1993 general election
1998 general election
1999 general election
2003 general election
2006 general election
2009 general election
2013 general election
|-
|Liberal
|Kevin Murphy
|align="right"|3,770
|align="right"|52.99
|align="right"|-39.53
|-
|New Democratic Party
|Sid Prest
|align="right"|1,922
|align="right"|27.01
|align="right"|-22.21
|-
|Progressive Conservative
|Steve Brine
|align="right"|1,423
|align="right"|20.00
|align="right"|-14.69
|}
2017 general election
2021 general election
References
External links
CBC riding profile
June 13, 2006 Nova Scotia Provincial General Election Poll By Poll Results
Nova Scotia provincial electoral districts
Politics of Halifax, Nova Scotia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern%20Shore%20%28electoral%20district%29 |
Yarmouth is a provincial electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that elects one member of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly. It consists of the Municipality of the District of Yarmouth and the town of Yarmouth.
From 1867 to 1981, the district included all of Yarmouth County and for most of that time elected two members.
In 1981, the district was redistributed and reduced to having just one MLA. The Municipality of Argyle received its own electoral district.
Geography
Yarmouth covers of land area.
Members of the Legislative Assembly
This riding has elected the following Members of the Legislative Assembly:
Election results
1867 general election
1871 general election
1874 general election
1878 general election
1882 general election
1886 general election
1890 general election
1894 general election
1897 general election
1901 general election
1906 general election
1911 general election
1916 general election
1920 general election
1925 general election
1928 general election
1933 general election
1937 general election
1941 general election
1945 general election
1949 general election
1953 general election
1956 general election
1960 general election
1963 general election
1967 general election
1970 general election
1974 general election
1978 general election
1981 general election
1984 general election
1988 general election
1993 general election
1998 general election
1999 general election
2003 general election
2006 general election
2009 general election
2010 by-election
|Progressive Conservative
|Charles Crosby
|align="right"|2,628
|align="right"|33.40
|align="right"|-27.94
|Independent
|Belle Hatfield
|align="right"|673
|align="right"|8.55
|align="right"|Ø
|New Democratic Party
|John Deveau
|align="right"|513
|align="right"|6.52
|align="right"|-16.41
2013 general election
|-
|-
|Progressive Conservative
|John Cunningham
|align="right"|1,216
|align="right"|14.31
|align="right"|-19.10
|-
|New Democratic Party
|Charles Webster
|align="right"|224
|align="right"|2.64
|align="right"|-3.88
|-
|-
|}
2017 general election
2021 general election
References
External links
2006 riding profile
2003 riding profile
Nova Scotia provincial electoral districts
Yarmouth, Nova Scotia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yarmouth%20%28provincial%20electoral%20district%29 |
Edgar Albert Baird, ONL (May 28, 1911 – May 1, 2005) was a businessman born in Campbellton in the Dominion of Newfoundland. Baird was the founder of the Newfoundland chapter of the Junior Forest Rangers, and worked in the forestry and aviation industry where he was Chief Woods Ranger for Newfoundland, responsible for forest fire protection initiatives for Newfoundland and Labrador.
As superintendent of the Newfoundland Forestry Unit, Baird led a battalion of 960 foresters to Scotland in 1940, the largest single battalion ever to leave the province. In 1941 he signed up with the Royal Air Force and rose to the rank of Flight Lieutenant.
Following the war, Baird led a group of local residents who were lobbying to form a new town site in what would become Gander. He was later appointed the first chairman of the Gander Local Improvement District and built the first private dwelling in Gander in 1951. Both a Gander street and local trail are named in his honour.
In 1961, Baird volunteered as fire boss during the great forest fire that devastated Bonavista North.
He was invested as a member of the Order of Newfoundland and Labrador in 2004.
See also
List of people of Newfoundland and Labrador
List of communities in Newfoundland and Labrador
References
The Gander Beacon Obituaries, May 2005
Biography from Order of Newfoundland and Labrador
1911 births
2005 deaths
Members of the Order of Newfoundland and Labrador
People from Gander, Newfoundland and Labrador | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar%20Baird |
Rudradāman I (r. 130–150) was a Śaka ruler from the Western Kshatrapas dynasty. He was the grandson of the king Caṣṭana. Rudradāman I was instrumental in the decline of the Sātavāhana Empire. Rudradāman I took up the title of Maha-kshtrapa ("Great Satrap"), after he became the king and then strengthened his kingdom.
Reign
As a result of his victories, Rudradāman regained all the former territories previously held by Nahapana, except for the southern territory of Poona and Nasik. The indigenous Nagas also were aggressive toward Śaka kshatrapas. Sātavāhana dominions were limited to their original base in the Deccan and eastern central India around Amaravati:
War with the Yaudheyas
Rudradāman conquered the Yaudheya tribes in present day Haryana, as described in the Girnar rock inscription of Rudradaman. Rudradaman refers to the Yaudheyas as a militant republic of kshatriyas that confronted him as opposed to submitting:
However, the Yaudheyas soon reestablished themselves as independent. Within the next century the warlike Yaudheyas became more powerful. The Yaudheyas were then conquered by the Kushan Empire, who were the suzerains of the Western Kshatrapas, until ultimately by the Gupta Empire.
Wars with the Satavahana Dynasty
Rudradāman fought many battles against the Sātavāhanas (or the Āndhras) and Vashishtiputra Satakarni, the son of the Āndhra king Pulamayi, in an effort to end the hostilities, married the daughter of Rudradāman. The inscription relating the marriage between Rudradāman's daughter and Vashishtiputra Satakarni appears in a cave at Kanheri:
Rudradaman maintained matrimonial relationships with Sātavāhanas and conceded the country of Aparanta to Vashishtiputra Satakarni, his son-in-law and younger son of Gautamiputra Satakarni, as dowry. In spite of the matrimonial link, at least two wars took place between them wherein he defeated Sātavāhanas but spared the life of Satakarni (probably, Vashishtiputra Satakarni), essentially because of their relationship. However, it is not known who was the aggressor in either of the wars and whether there were more wars between them.
Other details
The Sanskrit Junagadh inscription dated 150 CE credits Rudradāman I with supporting the cultural arts and Sanskrit literature and repairing the dam built by the Mauryans. He in fact repaired the embankments of the lake Sudarśana, which was constructed by the Mauryas for checking floods.
Rudradāman is also known as the king who was ruling when the Greek writer Yavanesvara translated the Yavanajataka from Greek to Sanskrit, which influenced astrology in India.
While most of the scholars, following Rapson believe that Rudradāman ruled from Ujjain, there is no such evidence to support this. In fact, there is evidence to prove the contrary:
Jain sources mention that after Nahapana (40 years) and Gardabhilas (15 years), Śakas will rule Ujjain but for only four years. Caṣṭana no doubt has ruled Ujjain but he must have ruled it only for four years. His son Jayadāman (a Kshatrapa as against Caṣṭana being a Mahaksatrapa) was an ineffectual king and lost most of the territory won by Caṣṭana. This must have included all important Ujjain as well.
Natural History of Claudius Ptolemy in 160 CE record Caṣṭana as the king of Avanti while it is known that it is Rudradāman who was ruling between 130 and 150 CE. Ptolemy was obviously referring only to the last best known ruler and if Rudradāman was ruling Avanti, he would have mentioned him, since he was certainly well known through his conquests.
Truly speaking, Rudradāman made no reference to Avanti. He said he conquered Eastern and Western Akaravanti (Eastern Malwa) - Western Akaravanti being land lying east to Bhopal, which does not include any western part of Malwa or Avanti. Akaravanti, earlier called as Sudarsana, comprised only Eastern Malwa. Western Akaravanti does not refer to Avanti.
Notes
References
Todd, James - The Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan, Rajputana Publications, 1942
Michell, George - PRINCELY RAJASTHAN - Rajput Palaces and Mansions, Oriental Books, 1992
Rosenfield, "The dynastic art of the Kushans"
Buddhist critical spirituality: Prajñā and Śūnyatā, by Shōhei Ichimura, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers (2001),
External links
Coins of the Western Satraps
Coins of Rudradaman I
Converts to Hinduism
History of Malwa
Western Satraps
2nd-century Indian monarchs
People from Ujjain | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudradaman%20I |
Petar Todorov Gudev () (13 July 1863, Gradets – 8 May 1932, Sofia) was a leading Bulgarian liberal politician, who served as Prime Minister.
Gudev was appointed Prime Minister following the assassination of his predecessor Dimitar Petkov (with Dimitar Stanchov serving a few days as interim). His reign proved fairly brief, running from 16 March 1907 until 28 January 1908, and during this time he became notorious for corruption, plundering public funds for his own use.
References
1863 births
1940 deaths
Chairpersons of the National Assembly of Bulgaria
People from Kotel, Bulgaria
People's Liberal Party politicians
Prime Ministers of Bulgaria
People from the Ottoman Empire | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petar%20Gudev |
The Cairo International Film Festival () is an annual internationally accredited film festival held in Cairo Opera House. It was established in 1976 and has taken place every year since its inception, except for 2011 and 2013, when it was cancelled due to budget limitations and political instability. It is the only international competitive feature film festival recognized by the FIAPF in the Arab world and Africa, as well as the oldest in this category.
History
The Cairo International Film Festival (CIFF) is one of only 15 Festivals accorded as a category "A" status by the International Federation of Film Producers Associations FIAPF. It is the oldest internationally accredited cultural feature film festival in the Arab World, Africa and the Middle East.The history of CIFF goes back to 1975, after a visit to the Berlin Film Festival the late writer-critic Kamal El Mallakh and a group of like-minded cinema critics wondered why such a world-class festival could not take place in Egypt. The country was still in Egyptian cinema's "Golden Age" and contained a formidable film industry, still the biggest in the Arab world. The Cairo International Film Festival was launched in 1976.
The 1976 festival featured around 100 films from 33 countries, with 14 films from 14 different countries in competition.
The Egyptian Association of Film Writers and Critics headed the festival for the first seven years until 1983. In the following year, the Union of Artist's Syndicates supervised the festival, and after that point, several associations mustered their resources to run the festival. The Egyptian Association of Film Writers and Critics joined with the Ministry of Culture and the Union of Artist's Syndicates to form a joint committee in 1985 to improve the quality and financial state of the festival.
Awards
The highest award given at CIFF is the Golden Pyramid Award awarded for Best Picture.
Silver Pyramid and Bronze Pyramid Awards go to the Best Director and Best New Director respectively.
The Best Screenplay award is named after the Nobel Prize winner Naguib Mahfouz.
The festival also offers career achievement awards named after Egyptian actress Faten Hamama.
The International Federation of Film Critics (FIPRESCI) Awards are announced at the closing ceremony of the festival.
The festival offers awards in specialized categories as well:
The Horizons of Arab Cinema Competition, presented by the Egyptian Filmmakers Syndicate (EFMS), offers the Saad Eldin Wahba Award for Best Arabic Film and the Salah Abu Seif Award for Best Arab Artistic Contribution.
The International Critics Week Competition for Feature and Documentary Films, presented by the Egyptian Film Critics Association (EFCA), offers the Shadi Abdel Salam Award for Best Film, awarded to the Director, and the Fathy Farag Award for Best Artistic Contribution, both awards.
Cinema of Tomorrow, International Competition (CTIC) for Short Films offers the Youssef Chahine Award for Best Short Film, and The Special Jury Award.
The Special Jury Award.
CIFF cash awards
Youssef Cherif Rizkallah Award (Audience Award): 20,000$ (shared between the producer of the film and the Egyptian company distributing the film in Egypt). The Award will be granted to one of films selected in the International Competition
Best Arab Film Award: 15,000$ presented to the producer of the film. The Award will be granted by a special jury to the best Arab film selected in either the International Competition.
The International Federation of Film Critics
The FIPRESCI Award is decided by a jury composed of a president and two members, and is awarded to a film in the international competition. The Award is announced during the CIFF closing ceremony.
Cairo Film Connection
The Cairo Film Connection is the latest co-production platform aiming at maximizing networking to induce coproductions for films originating from the Arab world. The first year, around 10 projects will be selected by a team of experts. Directors and producers will be invited to the Cairo Film Connection to pitch their projects over a period of 3 days to key industry professionals whether international or from the region. Circulation of the selected project in Arabic and English as well as, individualized meetings scheduled in advance should maximize exposure of the projects and optimize all the participants' experiences. Guests will be carefully selected to cover all stages of development of film production, funding, distribution, marketing, broadcasting, sales, festivals. In addition to the exposure offered to filmmakers during the Cairo Film Connection, the Egyptian Ministry of Culture is offering a special award amounting to $10,000.
Other festival sections
Festival of Festivals - Screening the most important, reviewed and awarded feature and documentary films that participated in other renowned prominent international film festivals as Cannes Film Festival, Berlin Film Festival, Venice Film Festival and others.
International Panorama - Screening different variety of international movies from all over the World.
New Egyptian Cinema - Screening new Egyptian Movies produced and premiered in 2016/17.
Feature Film Classics - Screening tens of international film Classics.
Film Tributes - Giving tribute and honoring international and local film icons.
Guest of Honor Film Week, from World Cinema - Screening films of a guest country, chosen annually in honoring World Cinema.
Notable awards and honorees
Major award winners
International actors awarded include Marcello Mastroianni, Catherine Deneuve, John Malkovich, Elizabeth Taylor, Morgan Freeman, Sivaji Ganesan, Samuel L. Jackson, Sophia Loren, Claudia Cardinale, Leslie Caron, Richard Gere, Susan Sarandon, Gina Lollobrigida, Peter O'Toole, Omar Sharif, Ornella Muti, Victoria Abril, Shashi Kapoor, Alain Delon, Nicolas Cage, Goldie Hawn, Kurt Russell, Greta Scacchi, Julia Ormond, Mira Sorvino, Khalid Abdalla, Alicia Silverstone, Priscilla Presley, Stuart Townsend, Yolande Moreau, Christopher Lee, Irene Papas, Nora Aunor, Bud Spencer, Tom Berenger, Salma Hayek, Lucy Liu, Juliette Binoche, Dominique Blanc, Charlize Theron, Hilary Swank and Adrien Brody.
Internationally renowned directors awarded include Robert Wise, Elia Kazan, Vanessa Redgrave, Oliver Stone, Roland Joffe, Carlos Saura, Ismail Merchant, Moustapha Akkad, Gadalla Gubara and Michelangelo Antonioni.
The CIFF 2004 Best Arab Film Award was given to an Egyptian film, Inas El-Degheidy's Searching for Freedom. In 2005 the CIFF honored its two star guests, American actor Morgan Freeman and French actress Leslie Caron. There was a screening of American actor and director Clint Eastwood's Million Dollar Baby starring Freeman, Eastwood and Hilary Swank; and American director Vincent Minnelli's classic musical An American in Paris (1951), starring Caron and Gene Kelly. CIFF's other 2005 honorees included Mohamed Mounir and Hanan Turk for their roles in Lebanese director Jocelyne Saab's Dunia (2005 film), a controversial film focusing on censorship and the oppression of women in Egypt. The Syrian-American producer and director Moustapha Akkad, who died in a 2005 terrorist attack in Amman, Jordan, was also honored that year. He is best remembered for Mohammad, Messenger of God (1976) (U.S. The Message) about the early days of Islam, and for the spine-chilling Halloween movie series.
References
External links
Cairo International Film Festival at the Internet Movie Database
History and background to the Cairo International Film Festival
1976 establishments in Egypt
Annual events in Egypt
Film festivals established in 1976
African film festivals
Autumn events in Egypt | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cairo%20International%20Film%20Festival |
Championship Manager 93/94 is the second installment in the Championship Manager series of football management computer games. It was released a year after the original Championship ManagerNew features
This game improved on the original in many ways - by far the most significant change was the use of real player names for the first time. This was the one major feature which the game had lacked in comparison to its rivals.
Other key features to be introduced in this game included the following:
A list of selected foreign-based players that could be bought
Much more in-match commentary
Injury time
More player awards
Eight different background pictures
Improved loading times
The implementation of the FA Premier League
Alternative versions
The CM93/94 engine was the basis for Championship Manager Italia. This was a version that simulated the top two divisions of Italian football (Serie A and Serie B). There was also a 1995 seasonal update released for this game.
The 1993/94 Season Data Up-Date Disk was a seasonal update disk that updated the game's database to reflect player and club changes for the 1993/94 season.
The End of 1994 Season Data Up-Date Disk was an end of season update disk that updated the game's database to reflect player and club changes for the end of 1993/94 season.
There was also a little-known Norwegian-language version called Championship Manager Norge or CM Norge which simulated the Norwegian League.
SalesChampionship Manager 93/94 and Championship Manager Italia sold a reported 90,000 collectively.
Trivia
The Championship Manager '94 - End of Season Data Disk'', which was available on the Amiga, contained two fictional players added by developers of the game, Mark Collis and Ferah Orosco. They were a striker and a defender, respectively, for Cambridge United in Division 3 and are regarded as the first ever fictional super-players in the CM series.
References
1993 video games
Amiga games
Domark games
DOS games
Multiplayer hotseat games
Association football management video games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Championship%20Manager%2093/94 |
Dee Dee Phelps (born Mary Sperling) is a singer-songwriter and author from Santa Monica, California, best known as half the popular 1960s musical duo Dick and Dee Dee. She became a professional writer in 2007, publishing her award-winning memoir Vinyl Highway. In 2008, Dee Dee joined with singer/actor Michael Dunn to revive the Dick and Dee Dee act live. More recently, in 2013, Dee Dee is now teamed with Deke Detanna, lead singer of Deke and the Blazers. The duo performs all over the country, singing classic Dick and Dee Dee hits.
Early life
Phelps was born as Mary Sperling in Minneapolis, Minnesota. When her father was transferred to California, she arrived in Los Angeles by train at the age of eight. After attending University High School in West Los Angeles, she transferred to Santa Monica High. While there she wrote a regular column for the Santa Monica Evening Outlook, and began singing and writing songs in her senior year.
Career
Dick and Dee Dee
While attending college and working at a See's Candy store in Westwood, Los Angeles, California, Sperling re-encountered Dick St. John, an old junior high classmate. Both realized they were singer songwriters, and together they began writing songs and harmonizing. The first Dick and Dee Dee 45 RPM release was on Lama Records, a small company started by their record producers, The Wilder Brothers. Without telling her, the record producers changed her name to Dee Dee, something she didn't discover until the record was released. "The Mountain's High" became a smash hit in the Bay Area, eventually becoming number two on the Billboard Top 100 in the United States. Sperling took time off from college so they could tour Texas. The Mountain's High was re-issued on Liberty Records for national distribution.
Sperling and St. John soon garnered other hits in the early 1960s, including "Tell Me", (also on Liberty Records) and "Young and In Love", "Turn Around" (written by Malvina Reynolds and recorded by Harry Belafonte) and "Thou Shalt Not Steal" (on Warner Bros. Records). They toured with the Beach Boys, and were the opening act for the Rolling Stones when the band came to California for the first time in 1964. They later recorded various versions of officially sanctioned Stones songs, largely at the behest of Rolling Stones' manager Andrew Loog Oldham. Their last hit, "Thou Shalt Not Steal" was in 1965. They remained regulars on Jack Good's television show Shindig!.
Dee Dee married the duo's manager (later executive television producer for Dick Clark Productions), Bill Lee, and had one son. Sperling and St. John parted ways in 1969. After her divorce in the early seventies, Dee Dee married Kane Phelps. They raised two other children and are still married today. Dick performed with his wife, Sandy, in the 1980s as Dick and Dee Dee. He died in 2003.
Writing career
In 2007, Phelps self-published her memoir, Vinyl Highway, about touring the world with rock and roll acts in the Sixties.
In October 2007, she received the "Best Pop Campaign Award" from the Book Publicists of Southern California for her book promotion. Vinyl Highway also received honorable mention in the Writer's Digest "15th International Book Awards", as well as a "Next Generation Indie Book Awards Finalist" in the memoir category.
Later musical career
In 2008, Sperling teamed with actor/singer Michael Dunn, and the two are performing as Dick and Dee Dee.
In 2013, Sperling teamed with Deke Detanna of the doo-wop group, Deke and The Blazers.
Personal life
Phelps currently lives with her husband in Pacific Palisades, California. She has three adult children.
Discography
Singles
TV, Film performances
Television
American Bandstand
Where the Action Is
Shindig!
Ready, Steady, Go (UK)
Motion Picture
Wild Wild Winter (1966) – Dick and Dee Dee sang "Heartbeats", their only appearance in a film
References
Further reading
Gary James' Interview With Dee Dee Sperling of "Dick and Dee Dee"
Memoir Interview with 1960s Celebrity Dee Dee Phelps
New 'Mountain': Dick and Dee Dee Return!
External links
Living people
American women pop singers
American women singer-songwriters
American memoirists
Year of birth missing (living people)
American women memoirists
21st-century American women | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dee%20Dee%20Phelps |
The Reputation is the debut album by indie rock band The Reputation. It was released in 2002 on Initial Records.
Written almost entirely by lead singer Elizabeth Elmore, the album was well-received critically. The Los Angeles Times gave the album 3.5 out of 4 stars, saying that "[Elmore's] streaming anecdotes give the listener the feeling of walking right into the middle of life-altering events. The College Music Journal'''s Amy Wan called the album "showcase for Elmore's powerfully biting lyrics and her passionate voice, dancing deftly between little-girl sweet and outright roar," and Robert Christgau of the Village Voice gave the album an A−.
The album featured regular members Elmore, Sean Hulet (on guitar), and Joel Root (bass). Chad Romanowski, who played in Elmore's previous band Sarge, played drums for most of the album. The song "Almost Blue" is a cover of the same song by Elvis Costello, from his album Imperial Bedroom''. With Elmore on vocals, Root on upright bass, and Romanski on drums, the cover also featured former Wilco guitarist Jay Bennett on piano.
Track listing
All songs written by Elizabeth Elmore, except where noted.
"Either Coast" – 3:27
"Stars of Amateur Hour" – 3:30
"Misery by Design" – 3:58
"She Turned Your Head..." – 4:22
"This Town" – 3:50
"Alaskan" – 4:10
"The Uselessness of Friends..." – 4:47
"Truth" (Elmore, Mike Longo) – 4:03
"For the Win" – 10:17
"Almost Blue" (Elvis Costello) – 2:57
References
The Reputation albums
2002 debut albums
Initial Records albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Reputation%20%28album%29 |
William Thornton (1759–1828) was an American physician, inventor, painter and architect.
William Thornton or Bill Thornton may also refer to:
William Thornton (academic), principal of Hart Hall, later Hertford College, Oxford, 1688–1707
William Thornton (died 1769) (died 1769), English militia officer and politician
William Thornton (Virginia burgess) (1717–1790), Colonial Virginia planter and politician
William Thornton (British Army officer) (1779–1840), British general
William Thornton (Kansas politician), Kansas politician
William E. Thornton (1929–2021), American astronaut
William J. Thornton (1878–1951), American businessman and politician
William L. Thornton (1844–1915), New York politician and judge
William Neville John Thornton, Northern Irish politician
William Patton Thornton (1817–1883), American physician
William Taylor Thornton (1843–1916), governor of New Mexico Territory, 1893–1897
William Wheeler Thornton (1851–1932), American jurist and author from Indiana
Willie Thornton (1920–1991), Scottish footballer
William Thornton (firefighter) (1826–1848), first firefighter to die on the job in Ontario
William Thornton (fireboat), see fireboats of Toronto
Willie Thornton (Canadian football) (born 1986), Canadian football wide receiver
Bill Thornton, mayor of San Antonio, Texas, 1995–1997
Bill Thornton (American football) (1939–2008), American football fullback
Billy Bob Thornton (born 1955), American actor
Billy Thornton (rugby league), rugby league footballer of the 1940s for England, and Hunslet
William Thornton (Queensland politician) (1817–1884), member of the Queensland Legislative Council
William Thomas Thornton (1813–1880), economist, civil servant and author | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Thornton%20%28disambiguation%29 |
Toponyms Leninsky (masculine), Leninskaya (feminine), or Leninskoye (neuter), named after Vladimir Lenin, may refer to:
Leninsky District (disambiguation), several districts in the countries of the former Soviet Union
Leninsky Okrug (disambiguation), various divisions in Russia
Leninsky Urban Settlement (or Leninskoye Urban Settlement), several municipal urban settlements in Russia
Leninski, Belarus (Leninsky), a settlement in Belarus
Leninsky, Russia (Leninskaya, Leninskoye), several inhabited localities in Russia
Leninsky Avenue (disambiguation), several avenues in Russian cities
Leninskaya Line, a line of the Novosibirsk Metro, Novosibirsk, Russia
Leninskaya (Nizhny Novgorod Metro), a station of the Nizhny Novgorod Metro, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
Leninska (Leninskaya), prior to 1992, name of Teatralna station of the Kyiv Metro, Kyiv, Ukraine
Leninskoye, Kazakhstan, a locality in Aktobe Province, Kazakhstan
Monuments and memorials to Vladimir Lenin | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leninsky |
Tied aid is foreign aid that must be spent on products & services provided by companies that are from the country providing the aid (the donor country) or in a group of selected countries. A developed country will provide a bilateral loan or grant to a developing country, but mandate that the money be spent on goods or services produced in the selected country. From this, it follows that untied aid has no geographical limitations.
In 2006, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) estimated that 41.7 percent of Official Development Assistance is untied.
Definition
The full definition of tied aid as defined by OECD is:
Tied aid credits are official or officially supported Loans, credits, or Associated Financing packages where the procurement of the goods or services involved is limited to the donor country or to a group of countries that does not include substantially all developing countries (or Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs)/New Independent States (NIS) in transition).
Motivations
In the OECD report The Tying of Aid it was found that the motivations for tying aid were both economical and political. From an economic point of view, the donor country aims to raise its exports by tying the aid to companies in the donor country. However, the study found minimal exports related to tied aid. It referred to an earlier study that looked at the relationship between exports from nine representative European donors and 32 representative developing countries. That study found that exports connected to tied aid constituted about 4 percent of the total. The Tying of Aid thus concluded that the more important reason for the practice was political. Historical relations, trade relationships, geopolitical interests, and cultural ties are all examples of the political motivations behind the tying of aid, but according to Jepma, they all boiled down to the same thing:
Although most donors give aid to quite a wide variety of recipients, the importance they attach to individual recipients differs: donors support countries with which they have or hope to have strong ties.
Costs to the recipients of aid
It is difficult to make a correct estimate on the related costs to the recipient for various reasons. For example, even if a donor ties its aid, it may be that the donor already has the most competitive prices. The donor may also have a limited ability to enforce aid ties in the recipient country, theoretically making ties ineffective. Even so, the OECD has made some general remarks on the costs:
Aid tying by OECD donor countries has important consequences for developing countries. Tying aid to specific commodities and services, or procurement in a specific country or region, can increase development project costs by as much as 20 to 30 percent.
If donors claim that 42 percent of bilateral aid is untied, one can assume that the remaining 58 is tied. In 2004, total bilateral aid amounted to US$79.5 billion. In the worst-case scenario of OECD, the tying of aid can reduce its value by as much as 30 percent. If that was true in all cases, that translates into a US$13.9 billion reduced value of aid for the recipients. If the value on average is reduced by 20 percent, it would equal US$9.2 billion.
The problems of untying aid
The tying of aid is a form of protectionism; however, the literature on this particular subject is limited. One of the major problems in the untying of aid is the prisoner's dilemma. Donors who want to abolish the practice will see their interests damaged if the other donors do not follow.
In 2001, the donor members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), a subcommittee of the OECD, agreed to virtually untie all aid to the Least Developed Countries. That Recommendation entered into effect on January 1, 2002. In addition, Australia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom have untied their aid beyond the requirements of the Recommendation.
Further progress on this particular issue is being implemented as part of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness. However, of the 12 indicators included, the untying of bilateral aid is the only item without a deadline for its completion.
Arguments for and against tied aid
Tied aid increases the total cost of the assistance. It tends to make donors focus more on the commercial advancement of their own countries rather than the needs of developing countries. When recipient nations are required to spend aid on products from the donor nation, project costs can be raised by up to 30 percent. Tied aid can create distortions in the market and impede the recipient country's ability to spend the aid they receive. There are growing concerns about the use of tied aid and efforts to analyze the quality of aid rather than the quantity. The Commitment to Development Index, which measures the "development friendliness" of rich countries, actually penalizes donor governments for tied aid in the calculation of the index.
Others have argued that tying aid to donor-country products is common sense; it is a strategic use of aid to promote the donor country's business or exports. Tied aid improves donors' export performance and creates business for local companies and jobs. It also helps expose firms lacking international experience in the global market. It is further argued that tied aid, if well-designed and effectively managed, would not necessarily compromise the quality and effectiveness of aid (Aryeetey, 1995; Sowa 1997). However, this argument does not hold for all types of aid; in the case of program aid, for example, aid is tied to specific projects or policies and has limited commercial interest. Maximizing commercial benefits to the donor country rarely maximizes aid effectiveness to the recipient country. Thus, when aiming to maximize development, pursuing commercial benefits to the donor country may reduce aid effectiveness.
Examples
In the UK, the Overseas Development Administration (ODA), was under the supervision of the Foreign Secretary and the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, which led, on at least one occasion, to allegations of a connection between the granting of aid and the achievement of either foreign policy goals or British companies winning export orders. A scandal erupted concerning the UK funding of a hydroelectric dam on the Pergau River in Malaysia, near the Thai border. Building work began in 1991 with money from the UK foreign aid budget. Concurrently, the Malaysian government bought around £1 billion worth of arms from the UK. The suggested linkage of arms deals to aid became the subject of a UK government inquiry in March 1994. In November 1994, after an application for Judicial Review brought by the World Development Movement, the High Court held that the then Foreign Secretary, Douglas Hurd had acted ultra vires (outside of his power and therefore illegally) by allocating £234 million towards the funding of the dam because it was not of economic or humanitarian benefit to the Malaysian people . In 1997 the administration of the UK's aid budget was removed from the Foreign Secretary's remit with the establishment of the Department for International Development (DfID) which replaced the ODA.
Tied aid is now illegal in the UK by the International Development Act, which came into force on 17 June 2002, replacing the Overseas Development and Co-operation Act (1980)yA.
See also
Untied aid
Aid
Notes and references
External links
OECD/DAC Untied Aid Web site
The Paris Declaration
DFID Homepage
Organisational chart
Article on DFID's use of consultants
International development
Aid
Anti-corruption measures | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tied%20aid |
James Nicolas Luchey (born James Nicolas Williams March 30, 1977) is a former American football fullback in the National Football League (NFL). Luchey was drafted in the fifth round of the 1999 NFL Draft (135th overall) by the Cincinnati Bengals out of the University of Miami. He played high school football at Harrison High School in Farmington Hills, Michigan, where he won two state football championships (1993 and 1994) before graduating in 1995. He entered the NFL using the name Nick Williams but changed his surname to Luchey in August 2002 to honor his father and grandfather.
Career
Cincinnati Bengals (1999–2002, 2005)
Green Bay Packers (2003–2004)
Baltimore Ravens (2006)
References
External links
Nick Luchey - NFL Career Statistics from NFL.com
Nick Luchey on NFLPlayers.com - Invalid Link (February 25, 2009).
1977 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Royal Oak, Michigan
Players of American football from Oakland County, Michigan
American football fullbacks
Miami Hurricanes football players
Cincinnati Bengals players
Green Bay Packers players
Baltimore Ravens players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick%20Luchey |
A capriccio (Italian: "following one's fancy") is a tempo marking indicating a free and capricious approach to the tempo (and possibly the style) of the piece. This marking will usually modify another, such as lento a capriccio, often used in the Hungarian Rhapsodies of Franz Liszt. Perhaps the most famous piece to use the term is Ludwig van Beethoven's Rondò a capriccio (Op. 129), better known as Rage Over a Lost Penny.
See also
Capriccio (music)
External links
References
"Capriccio, a", Grove Music Online ed. L. Macy (Accessed 28 April 2006)
Music performance
Musical notation
Rhythm and meter | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20capriccio |
The buildings of the St Helena Light complex are the sole surviving structures on St. Helena Island, in Mackinac County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The lighthouse on the St. Helena Island's southeastern point was built in 1872-1873 and went into operation in September 1873. It became one of a series of lighthouses that guided vessels through the Straits of Mackinac, past a dangerous shoal that extends from the island.
History
St. Helena Island, which is in size, is located offshore from Gros Cap, Michigan, west of Mackinac Island in the Lake Michigan approach to the Straits of Mackinac. The island has a natural harbor on its north shore, which provided shelter for both Native Americans and voyageurs, who sought shelter from fierce, foreseeable and notorious southwesterly storms, which would drive waves that gained strength running with the lake's length.
During the Civil War years, it became increasingly apparent that a shoal near St. Helena Island menaced maritime traffic through the Straits of Mackinac. At the urging of the United States Lighthouse Board, Congress appropriated $14,000 in 1872 for a lighthouse to be built of limestone and brick on this location and fitted with a 3.5-order Fresnel lens.
This work created the St. Helena Island Light. This Light became part of what would be complex of 14 reef lights distributed throughout the shoals and hazardous points of the Straits of Mackinac. This essential Light was staffed by either one or two lighthouse keepers from its initial operation in 1873 until 1922. A complex of buildings was constructed around the lighthouse to support its operation, including keepers' dwellings, a boat dock, and a boathouse.
This was the first Michigan lighthouse to lose its keeper. In 1922, the lighthouse was automated. The tower was fitted with a tank of acetylene gas, a pilot light, and the "sun valve" recently invented by Nobel Prize-winning engineer Gustav Dalén. When the sun set, the temperature would drop slightly, causing the valve to open and acetylene to be released against the pilot flame. The light would then relight itself and shine throughout the night. With the sunrise the next morning, the valve would close. The St. Helena Island Light innovation was successful, and in the years after 1922, many other Michigan lighthouses would be refitted with sun valves.
Current status
The light is an active aid to navigation, and is used for maritime heritage education. It is managed by the Great Lakes Lighthouse Keepers Association, which has a thirty-year lease, but the Coast Guard maintains the optic.
After the St. Helena lighthouse complex was de-staffed and the civilian fishing station became a ghost settlement, evidence of human presence on the island began to structurally deteriorate. Wreckers, vandals, and plunderers imposed significant damage upon the light tower and adjacent structures. The U.S. Coast Guard, the lighthouse's last federal operator, viewed the remains as "attractive nuisances" for which they bore continuing legal liability. They recommended in 1980 that the lighthouse complex be razed. Due to lack of demolition funds, the recommendation was not implemented. However, early in the 1980s, the assistant keeper's dwelling and boathouse were leveled.
This recommendation was not implemented and the Great Lakes Lighthouse Keepers Association (GLLKA) assumed ownership of the property and commenced restoration efforts in 1986 with the help of Boy Scouts of America Troop 4 from Ann Arbor, Michigan. The rehabilitation effort was significant, with an estimated of debris requiring removal. As of 2008, the GLLKA planned to continue restoring the lighthouse complex to its appearance in 1900. Possible future St. Helena goals include the construction of an unmanned visitor center on the island to educate visiting yachtsmen. Restoration efforts are tied to similar activity on neighboring Round Island Light (Michigan). The sale was made under the terms of the National Historic Lighthouse Preservation Act.
The Coast Guard transferred the lighthouse complex and reservation to the GLLKA in 1997 via legislative transfer, on condition that the GLLKA continue to allow the Coast Guard to operate the light. A light continues to operate to this day with a acrylic lens, the original Fresnel lens having disappeared. The remainder of St. Helena Island, outside the lighthouse reservation, was purchased by the Little Traverse Conservancy in September 2001.
The light's restoration has won numerous state national and state historic preservation awards. These include Keep Michigan Beautiful Award, Mid-West Living Hometown Pride Award, Take Pride in America Award and United States President George H. W. Bush’s 630th Point of Light Award in the "Thousand points of light" program.
The lighthouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. It is Mackinac County listing #88000442. The light is also known as St. Helena Lighthouse and the St. Helene Lighthouse.
St. Helena Island Light is one of 149 lighthouses in Michigan. Michigan has more lighthouses than any other state.
Boy Scouts from Troop 4 still visit the island every year in mid-June to continue renovations to the light station.
Viewing the lighthouse
The St. Helena Lighthouse can be seen from numerous points on the Michigan mainland, including a lake shore highway rest area on US 2 at Gros Cap, Michigan west of St. Ignace, Michigan. The Great Lakes Lighthouse Keepers Association annually organizes work crews for this light and often arranges tours that travel from Mackinaw City to the island. These tours are not handicap accessible due to the shallow water near the light. It is necessary to transfer from the tour boat to an Inflatable boat and then climb up on the dock from the rubber boat.
Because of its picturesque color and form, and its location near Mackinac Island and the Mackinac Bridge, it is often the subject of photographs. Even needlepoint illustrations have been created.
A private boat is, of course, the best way to see this light close up. Short of that, Shepler's Ferry Service out of Mackinaw City offers periodic lighthouse tours in the summer season. Its "Westbound Tour" includes passes by St. Helena Island Light, and even offers a luncheon. Schedules and rates are available from Shepler's.
An expensive but exciting alternative is to charter a seaplane to tour the lights in the straits.
References
Further reading
"A Tour of the Lights of the Straits." Michigan History 70 (Sep/Oct 1986), pp. 17–29.
Brisson, Steven C. (Mackinac State Historic Parks chief curator). Old Mackinac Point Lighthouse: A History & Pictorial Souvenir (1/29/2008).Old Mackinac Point Light Press Release.
"Round Island Passage Light Station." Proceedings of the Merchant Marine Council 5 (Sep 1948), p. 145.
Wobser, Dave, St. Helena Island Lighthouse Great Laker magazine reprinted at Boatnerd.com. (Includes links to a lot of really great pictures.)
External links
Aerial photos, St. Helena Island Light, marinas.com.
Interactive map of Lights in Northern Lake Michigan, mapped by Google.
Lighthouses in the Mackinac Straits.
Lighthouses completed in 1873
Lighthouses in Mackinac County, Michigan
Lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Michigan
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Michigan
National Register of Historic Places in Mackinac County, Michigan | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Helena%20Island%20Light |
Edith Anna Œnone Somerville (2 May 1858 – 8 October 1949) was an Irish novelist who habitually signed herself as "E. Œ. Somerville". She wrote in collaboration with her cousin "Martin Ross" (Violet Martin) under the pseudonym "Somerville and Ross". Together they published a series of fourteen stories and novels, the most popular of which were The Real Charlotte, published in 1894, and Some Experiences of an Irish R. M., published in 1899.
Early life and education
The eldest of eight children, Somerville was born on the island of Corfu, then part of the United States of the Ionian Islands, a British protectorate where her father was stationed. A year later, her father retired to Drishane, Castletownshend, County Cork, where Somerville grew up. Somerville is said to have dominated her sister and brothers in a family where women were encouraged to be bold. She received her primary education at home, and then attended Alexandra College in Dublin. In 1884 she went to Paris for the first of several trips to study art at the Académie Colarossi and Académie Delécluse, and then spent a term at the Westminster School of Art in Dean's Yard, Westminster. At home, riding and painting were her absorbing interests.
Career
In January 1886, she met her cousin Violet Martin, and their literary partnership began the following year. Their first book, An Irish Cousin, appeared in 1889, under the names Geilles Herring (from the maiden name of her ancestor, the wife of Sir Walter de Somerville of Linton and Carnwath) and Martin Ross, though the pen names were dropped after the first edition. In 1898 Edith Somerville went to paint at the Etaples art colony, accompanied by Violet. There they profited from their stay by conceiving together the stories later gathered in Some Experiences of an Irish R. M., completed the following year. By the time Violet died in 1915, they had published fourteen books together. Her cousin's death stunned Edith, who continued to write as "Somerville and Ross", claiming that they kept in contact through spiritualist séances. The precise nature of their relationship — whether they were romantic and sexual partners as well as literary collaborators and friends — has been the object of speculation by later writers.
Somerville was a devoted sportswoman who, in 1903, had become master of the West Carbery Foxhounds. She was also active in the suffragist movement, corresponding with Dame Ethel Smyth. She was in London still recovering from the shock of Violet's death when the Easter Rising of 1916 broke out. On 9 May, she wrote a letter to The Times, blaming the British government for the state of affairs in Ireland. After that, she tended towards Nationalism, and as an adept musician at parties, she specialised in Irish tunes and Nationalist songs.
She had exhibitions of her pictures in Dublin and in London between 1920 and 1938, and was active as an illustrator of sporting picture books and children's picture books, including that of Ethel Penrose, another cousin.
In 1936, her brother Henry Boyle Townsend Somerville, a retired Vice-Admiral in the Royal Navy, was killed by the IRA at the family home in Castletownshend. She finished his book "Will Mariner" after his death.
Death and legacy
She died at Castletownshend in October 1949, aged 91, and is buried alongside Violet Florence Martin at Saint Barrahane's Church, Castletownsend with a joint memorial to them both. A considerable archival legacy remains both at Castletownsend and in Trinity College Library.
The Irish RM books were made into a TV series in 1983.
Edith-a novel, based on her life in the period 1921–22, by Martina Devlin, was published in 2022.
Bibliography
Collaborative novels
An Irish Cousin (1889)
Naboth's Vineyard (1891)
In the Vine Country (1893) nonfiction
Through Connemara in a Governess Cart (1893)
The Real Charlotte (1894)
Beggars on Horseback (1895)
The Silver Fox (1897)
Some Experiences of an Irish R. M. (1899)
A Patrick's Day Hunt (1902)
All on the Irish Shore (1903)
Some Irish Yesterdays (1906)
Further Experiences of an Irish R.M. (1908)
Dan Russell the Fox (1911)
In Mr Knox's Country (1915)
Solo novels
Irish Memories (1917)
Mount Music (1919)
An Enthusiast (1921)
The Big House of Inver (1925)
The States through Irish Eyes (1930)
An Incorruptible Irishman (1932)
The Smile and the Tear (1933)
The Sweet Cry of Hounds (1936)
Sarah's Youth (1938)
Maria and Some Other Dogs (1949)
References
Notes
Sources
External links
The E. OE. Somerville and Martin Ross Exhibition
1858 births
1949 deaths
19th-century Irish painters
20th-century Irish painters
19th-century Anglo-Irish people
20th-century Anglo-Irish people
Irish women novelists
Masters of foxhounds in Ireland
People educated at Alexandra College
People from Castletownshend
20th-century Irish women artists
19th-century Irish women artists
Académie Delécluse alumni
Writers from County Cork
Artists from County Cork
United States of the Ionian Islands people | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edith%20Somerville |
The Shoshone, also spelled Shoshoni, are a Native American people.
Shoshone and Shoshoni may also refer to:
Places
Shoshone, California
Shoshone, Idaho
Shoshone County, Idaho
Shoshone Falls, a waterfall in Idaho
Shoshone Basin region of Wyoming
Shoshone National Forest in Wyoming
Shoshone River, a river in northwestern Wyoming
Shoshone Generating Station, a hydroelectric power plant on the Colorado River in Glenwood Springs, Colorado
Shoshoni Peak, a mountain in Colorado
Shoshoni, Wyoming
Other
Shoshoni language, Uto-Aztecan language spoken by the Shoshone people
Shoshone pupfish, a nearly extinct species of fish that was named by Shoshone
Shoshone, nickname of the MŠK Žilina association football club and its supporters
Shoshone (Snake River sternwheeler)
USS Shoshone, ships of the name
Shoshone (train), a passenger train operated in the Western United States | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoshone%20%28disambiguation%29 |
D3O is an ingredient brand specialising in advanced rate-sensitive impact protection technologies, materials and products. It comprises a portfolio of more than 30 technologies and materials including set foams, formable foams, set elastomers and formable elastomers.
D3O is an engineering, design and technology-focused company based in London, UK, with offices in China and the US.
D3O is sold in more than 50 countries. It is used in sports and motorcycle gear; protective cases for consumer electronics including phones; industrial workwear; and military protection including helmet pads and limb protectors.
History
In 1999, the materials scientists Richard Palmer and Philip Green experimented with a dilatant liquid with non-Newtonian properties. Unlike water, it was free flowing when stationary but became instantly rigid upon impact.
As keen snowboarders, Palmer and Green drew inspiration from snow and decided to replicate its matrix-like quality to develop a flexible material that incorporated the dilatant fluid. After experimenting with numerous materials and formulas, they invented a flexible, pliable material that locked together and solidified in the event of a collision.
When incorporated into clothing, the material moved with the wearer while providing comprehensive protection.
Palmer and Green successfully filed a patent application, which they used as the foundation for commercialising their invention and setting up a business in 1999.
D3O® was used commercially for the first time by the United States Ski Team and the Canada ski team at the 2006 Olympic Winter Games. D3O® first entered the motorcycle market in 2009 when the ingredient was incorporated into CE-certified armour for the apparel brand Firstgear.
Philip Green left D3O in 2006, and in 2009 founder Richard Palmer brought in Stuart Sawyer as interim CEO. Palmer took a sabbatical in 2010 and left the business in 2011, at which point executive leadership was officially handed over to Sawyer, who has remained in the position since.
In 2014, D3O received one of the Queen’s Awards for Enterprise and was awarded £237,000 by the Technology Strategy Board – now known as Innovate UK – to develop a shock absorption helmet system prototype for the defence market to reduce the risk of traumatic brain injury.
The following year, Sawyer secured £13 million in private equity funding from venture capital investor Beringea, allowing D3O to place more emphasis on product development and international marketing. D3O opened headquarters in London which include full-scale innovation and test laboratories and house its global business functions.
With exports to North America making up an increasing part of its business, the company set up a new operating base located within the Virginia Tech Corporate Research Center (VTCRC), a research park for high-technology companies located in Blacksburg, Virginia. The same year, D3O consumer electronics brand partner Gear4 became the UK’s number 1 phone case brand in volume and value. Gear 4 has since become present in consumer electronics retail stores worldwide including Verizon, AT&T and T-Mobile.
In 2017, D3O became part of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/International Safety Equipment Association (ISEA) committee which developed the first standard in North America to address the risk to hands from impact injuries: ANSI/ISEA 138-2019, American National Standard for Performance and Classification for Impact Resistant Hand Protection.
D3O was acquired in September 2021 by independent private-equity fund Elysian Capital III LP. The acquisition saw previous owners Beringea US & UK and Entrepreneurs Fund exit the business after six years of year-on-year growth.
D3O applications
D3O has various applications such as in electronics (low-profile impact protection for phones, laptops and other electronic devices), sports (protective equipment), motorcycle riding gear, defence (helmet liners and body protection; footwear) and industrial workwear (personal protective equipment such as gloves, knee pads and metatarsal guards for boots),
In 2020, D3O became the specified helmet suspension pad supplier for the US Armed Forces' Integrated Helmet Protection System (IHPS) Suspension System.
Product development
D3O uses patented and proprietary technologies to create both standard and custom products.
In-house rapid prototyping and testing laboratories ensure each D3O development is tested to CE standards for sports and motorcycle applications, ISEA 138 for industrial applications and criteria set by government agencies for defence applications.
Sponsorship
D3O sponsors athletes including:
Downhill mountain bike rider Tahnée Seagrave
Seth Jones, ice hockey defenseman and alternate captain for the Columbus Blue Jackets in the NHL
Motorcycle racer Michael Dunlop, 19-times winner of the Isle of Man TT
The Troy Lee Designs team of athletes including three-times Red Bull Rampage winner Brandon Semenuk
Enduro rider Rémy Absalon, 12-times Megavalanche winner.
Awards and recognition
D3O has received the following awards and recognition:
2014: Queen’s Award for Enterprise
2016: Inclusion in the Sunday Times Tech Track 100 ‘Ones to Watch’ list
2017: T3 Awards together with Three: Best Mobile Accessory
2018: British Yachting Awards – clothing innovation
2019: ISPO Award – LP2 Pro
2020: Red Dot - Snickers Ergo Craftsmen Kneepads
2022/2023: ISPO Textrends Award - Accessories & Trim
2023: IF Design Award - D3O Ghost Reactiv Body Protection
2023: ISPO Award – D3O® Ghost™ back protector
References
Materials
Non-Newtonian fluids
Motorcycle apparel | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D3O |
"Fight Like a Brave" is the first and only single from the American rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers' third studio album The Uplift Mofo Party Plan (1987). The single also included a cover of the Jimi Hendrix song "Fire" as a B-side, which would later appear on The Abbey Road E.P. and Mother's Milk as a tribute to guitarist Hillel Slovak, who died in 1988.
Composition
Most of the song's lyrics revolve around Anthony Kiedis' addiction to heroin. At the lowest point in Kiedis' addiction, Flea had kicked him out of the Chili Peppers with no intention of letting him back in unless he was proven sober. After getting clean through various rehab programs, he called Flea to tell him of his success, and was accepted back in the band. On the plane ride home, Kiedis wrote this song about his struggles with drugs and his overcoming them.
The song is mostly an attempt to inspire other people like the rehab sessions were motivational for Kiedis to abandon the drugs. Kiedis described "Fight Like a Brave" as "a metaphor for trying to encourage someone who feels as though they don't have a chance [as though] they're grovelling in the gutter of life." He also said the song expressed the band's discontentment with EMI, their label at the time.
The song is featured in the video game Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 3 as well as the 1987 movie Less than Zero.
A portion of the song's lyrics, "No one can tell you you've got to be afraid," was also used by Bradley Nowell in the Sublime song "All You Need".
Live performances
Despite being a single, the song has only been performed 38 times and has not been performed live since 1992. It has, however, been teased several times since then.
Track listing
7" single (1987)
"Fight Like a Brave"
"Fire"
12" single (1987)
"Fight Like a Brave" (Not Our Mix)
"Fight Like a Brave" (Boner Beats Mix)
"Fight Like a Brave" (Mofo Mix)
"Fire"
12" picture disc/12" promo (1987)
"Fight Like a Brave" (Mofo Mix)
"Fight Like a Brave" (Knucklehead Mix)
"Fire"
12" Japanese split promo/DJ copy (1987)
"Fight Like a Brave" (album) by Red Hot Chili Peppers
"Contradiction" (Heavy Mix) by Lions & Ghosts
References
Red Hot Chili Peppers songs
1987 singles
Songs written by Anthony Kiedis
Songs written by Flea (musician)
Songs written by Hillel Slovak
Songs written by Jack Irons
Song recordings produced by Michael Beinhorn
1987 songs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fight%20Like%20a%20Brave |
To Force a Fate is the second album by indie rock band The Reputation, their first for Lookout! Records. It was released in the spring of 2004.
"March" was co-written by Elizabeth Elmore and John Davis of Q and Not U for an unrealized collaborative project called Cosmopolitan.
The album is unique to other Elmore projects in that the original songs were not written and sung by her alone. "Follow-Through Time" was co-written by then-Reputation bass player Joel Root, and "The Lasting Effects" features vocals by guitarist Sean Hulet.
Track listing
"Let This Rest" – 4:15
"Bottle Rocket Battles" – 2:59
"Follow-Through Time" – 3:57
"Face It" – 3:09
"The Lasting Effects" – 3:48
"March" – 2:53
"Cartography" – 4:45
"Some Senseless Day" – 3:39
"The Ugliness Kicking Around" – 5:44
"Bone-Tired" – 4:07
References
The Reputation albums
2004 albums
Lookout! Records albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/To%20Force%20a%20Fate |
Gideon Shryock (November 15, 1802 – June 19, 1880) was Kentucky's first professional architect in the Greek Revival Style. His name has frequently been misspelled as Gideon Shyrock.
Biography
Shryock was born in Lexington, Kentucky on November 15, 1802. He was the son of Mathias and Mary Elizabeth Shryock. Gideon was one of eleven children. Their family home was located at 149 North Broadway in Lexington. One of Gideon's younger brothers, Cincinnatus Shryock, would also become an architect.
Shryock attended the famous Lancastrian school for boys directed by Mr. Aldridge. Gideon also apprenticed under his father as a young boy, mastering the principles of business by practice. When Gideon Shryock was 21 years old, he moved to Philadelphia for the opportunity to study under the famous architect William Strickland. While in Philadelphia, Shryock acquired a copy of the American edition of Swan's British Architect, which he brought back to Lexington. However, one year later, he moved back to Lexington. In 1827, he received the commission for the Frankfort State Capitol and moved to Frankfort to be close to the project. In 1829, he married Elizabeth P. Bacon of Frankfort. Gideon and Elizabeth Shryock at 10 children. Shryock named his first son, the fourth child after his mentor William Strickland. However, his son William did not become an architect. Shryock's son Charles, was the only son that followed in his footsteps.
Following the completed construction of the Frankfort State Capitol, in 1831, Shryock moved his family back to Lexington. In 1833, the cholera pandemic took the life of Gideon's father, Mathias Shryock. His father died on June 14 and was among sixty deaths that day due to the pandemic. He was buried at the Episcopal graveyard in Lexington. Gideon and an old friend of his father, Nicholas Heddington made to make funeral arrangements, fabricate the coffin, and bury the body as no funerals were being held and the gravediggers were too frightened of the pandemic. Gideon erected a monumental gravestone for his father's burial place. The monument consisted of a stone base supporting Doric columns supporting a horizontal slab. Between the base and upper slab is the inscribed vertical stone.
In 1835, Shryock moves to Louisville. Gideon Shryock practiced his profession extensively in Louisville. He lived in three-story brick residences that he built at the corner of 8th street and Madison Street in Louisville. Shryock was a devout Baptist. He lived in Louisville for 45 years and died at that place on June 19, 1880. He was nearly 78 years old when he died. Shryock is buried in the Shryock family plot at Cave Hill Cemetery in Louisville, Kentucky.
Shryock's immediate descendants are a daughter, two granddaughters, five great-grandchildren and several great-great-grandchildren.
The notable projects of Gideon Shryock allowed him to enjoy a fame that extended beyond Kentucky.
Career and education
Gideon Shryock is the first architect to build in the Greek Revival Style in Kentucky. He was introduced to this architectural style through his mentors. The famous architect, Latrobe built the first Greek Revival building in America. Benjamin Latrobe is credited as the father of the Greek Revival in the US. The Greek Revival style replaced the Palladian and Roman architecture which was considered the national style during the first half of the 19th century. Latrobe trained two pupils, one of which is William Strickland. Strickland entered the office and training under Latrobe at the age of 16.
Latrobe and Strickland were finishing the Bank of the United States project when in 1823, Gideon Shryock appeared at their office in Philadelphia, looking for an opportunity to apprentice with the master Strickland. Philadelphia was considered that nation's artistic and cultural capital at this time. Gideon's father was a builder allowing for Gideon to be equipped with practical knowledge of the field. Gideon shows a great enthusiasm and appreciation for architecture in the letters he writes to his parents. Following the year Gideon was in Philadelphia, he moved back to Lexington. At the age of 22, he opened his architecture office in Lexington.
Notable designs
Old State House at Little Rock, Arkansas (begun 1833, completed in 1842) Hired by United States Senator John Pope.
Old State Capitol in Frankfort, Kentucky (1829)
Jefferson County Courthouse in Louisville, Kentucky begun circa 1837, completed 1860 (by Albert Fink).
Old Morrison, Transylvania University, Lexington, Kentucky (completed 1834)
Orlando Brown House, Frankfort, Kentucky
In January 1827 a bill was approved for the rebuilding of the Kentucky State House in Frankfort that was destroyed by fire. Shryock was a practicing architect in Lexington for a little over two years. Shryock's friends convinced him to submit a proposal for the new State House. He submitted the drawings to the commission and to his own surprise was awarded first place. Receiving the building commission resulted in the move to Frankfort to be close to the building project. The project was completed in December 1829, nearly 3 years after the bill was approved to start construction. Gideon Shryock married Elizabeth in front of the State Capitol Building on June 30, 6 months before the project was completed. The State Capitol building in Frankfort is celebrated for the modern ingenuity of the architect. Ancient Greek elements were incorporated in a new and modern way, such as the rotunda, portico, and staircase. This project becomes the first Greek Revival Building in the west and in Kentucky. Shryock moved back to Lexington following the completion of the State Capitol.
This project gave him fame as the designer of noble architecture. Little Rock, Arkansas was calling for a proposal for their new State Capitol. In 1833, Gideon was asked to prepare plans for the building. However, Gideon dispatched George Wiegert to supervise the project. Gideon Shryock turned down the opportunity to supervise this project because back in Lexington, he was busy with the many commissions coming his way. One of those commissions was Morrison College at Transylvania University in Lexington. (6) Morrison college resembles the Parthenon on which the portico was modelled on. The patron of Morrison College was James Morrison who left a residuary legacy fund to erect a college to bear his name. It was Henry Clay that executor the fund and construction for Morrison College began in 1831 with Gideon Shryock as the architect and superintended. During this time, from 1831 to 1833, Shryock become an admirer of Henry Clay who was amid his presidential race against Jackson.
Following Morrison College, Shryock went back to Frankfort to build the Franklin County Court House and the Orlando Brown House in 1835. Later that year, he moved to Louisville after his plans were accepted for the new Court House in Louisville. Shryock was the architect for many buildings, the most notable being the Capitol building in Frankfort, Morrison College, and the Court House in Louisville. Other projects in Louisville include the Louisville University Medical College building, The Southern National Bank, and the original office of the Louisville Water Works Co. Shryock's buildings were dignified and restrained examples of architecture. The purity of line and Grecian manner made his buildings a classic beauty to be appreciated even today.
Influence
Shryock is one of the namesakes of Greathouse/Shryock Traditional Elementary School in Louisville, Kentucky.
References
External links
Gideon Shryock (1802–1880) research materials (University of Louisville)
Gideon Shryock (1802–1880) from the Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture.
Architecture of Lexington, Kentucky – National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary
1802 births
1880 deaths
Architects from Louisville, Kentucky
Architects from Lexington, Kentucky
History of Louisville, Kentucky
Burials at Cave Hill Cemetery
19th-century American architects | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gideon%20Shryock |
Jacquard may refer to:
People
Albert Jacquard (1925-2013), French geneticist and essayist
Joseph Marie Jacquard (1752-1834), French weaver and inventor of the Jacquard loom
Robert Jacquard (born 1958), American politician
Other uses
A M Jacquard Systems, former American manufacturer of small office computer systems
Project Jacquard, a series of smart textile technologies by Google Advanced Technology and Projects
See also
Jacquard machine, a power loom attachment that allows the manufacture of intricate patterns
Jaccard (disambiguation)
Surnames of French origin | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacquard |
Notting Hill and Ealing High School is an independent school for girls aged 4 – 18 in Ealing, London. Founded in 1873, it is one of the 26 schools that make up the Girls' Day School Trust. It has a Junior Department of 310 girls (ages 4–11) and a Senior Department of 600 girls (ages 11–18). The current Headmaster is Mr Matthew Shoults. Ms Bevan is Head of the Junior School.
History
Since being founded in 1873, the school has changed both its location and its name. When the Girls' Day School Trust, then the Girls' Public Day School Trust, was formed in 1872, it established its first two schools in West London. In January 1873, the Trust opened Chelsea High School (a predecessor of Kensington Preparatory School) to serve the area immediately to the west of the centre of the city and nine months later, Notting Hill High School which was to serve families in the area to the north of Hyde Park. Harriet Morant Jones was the founding head who looked after ten pupils assisted by her sister. Harriet Jones retired in 1900. Controversially, Ethel Gavin was appointed instead of an internal heir apparent and resignations followed. Gavin was a "capable and experienced headmistress" until 1908 when she moved to the GPDST school at Wimbledon.
The school originally occupied premises in Norland Square but outgrew these and moved to Ealing in 1931 when it became known as Notting Hill and Ealing High School for Girls. Following the Education Act 1944 it became a direct grant grammar school in 1946. When the direct grant scheme was abolished in 1976, it became an independent school.
Present day
The school numbers 910 girls in 2018/19. Entry to the school is by assessment normally at ages 4+, 7+, 11+ or 16+. The school has a strong academic tradition. In 2018, 91.65% of grades at GCSE were A*/A and 98.84% were A*-B. At A Level 65% of grades were A*/A and 94% were A*-B.
In the 2019 Times School League Tables, NHEHS featured in the Top 20 for both GCSE and A-Levels and is one of only 10 schools in the country to achieve this accolade.
In 2017 the Junior School was awarded "Independent Prep School of the Year" by the Sunday Times' Parent Power Guide, observing that the school "proves you can have both outstanding academic success and a relaxed, happy school where girls are encouraged to be individuals and to express themselves".
And in their last report, the ISI inspectors reported, "pupils' achievement in curricular and extra-curricular activities and their learning is exceptional as is their attainment in national tests at age 11 and at A Level".
Former pupils keep in touch with each other through the Old Girls' Association.
School fees
In 2018/19 fees are £4,771 per term (Junior School) and £6,187 per term (Senior School). Academic and Music Scholarships are awarded at 11+ and 16+ and there are further scholarships at 16+.
Notable former pupils
Achieng Ajulu-Bushell (b. 1994), Kenyan and British swimmer
Margaret Alexander, Countess Alexander of Tunis (1905–1977), Viceregal consort of Canada, Châtelaine of Rideau Hall & Deputy Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire
Professor Polly Arnold (b. 1972) Professor of Chemistry at the University of Edinburgh
Ava Alice Muriel Astor (1902-1956), American heiress and socialite
Barbara Ayrton-Gould (1886–1950), Labour politician and suffragist
Sarah Badel (b. 1943), actress
Angellica Bell (b. 1976), television presenter
Frances Blogg (1869–1938), author and poet
Mabel Haynes Bode (1864–1922), academic
Dame Harriette Chick (1875–1977), protein scientist and nutritionist
Diana Churchill (1909–1963), daughter of Sir Winston Churchill
Sarah Churchill, Baroness Audley (1914–1982), actress
Mary Collin (1860–1955), suffragist
Agnes de Selincourt (1872–1917), missionary and educator
Astra Desmond (1893–1973), contralto
Frances Hermia Durham (1873–1948), civil servant
Kathleen Mary Easmon Simango (1892-1924), Sierra Leonean missionary and artist
Professor Beatrice Edgell (1871–1948), psychologist
Katharine Esdaile (1881–1950), art historian
Pippa Evans (b. 1982), comedian
Margaret Fairweather (1901–1944), aviator
Kathryn Flett (b. 1964), TV critic
Alice Franklin (1885–1964), feminist
Lynne Frederick (1954–1994), actress
Abi Fry (b. 1981), violist with the band British Sea Power
Jamila Gavin (b. 1941), author
Rose Graham (1875–1963), historian
Virginia Graham (1910–1993), writer, poet and translator
Olivia Hallinan (b. 1985), actress
Emily Hamilton (b. 1971), actress
Bettany Hughes (b. 1968), historian
Violet Hunt (1862-1942), author and literary hostess
Konnie Huq (b. 1975), television presenter
Rupa Huq (b. 1972), Labour Party Member of Parliament
Aeta Lamb (1886–1928), suffragist
Karolina Laskowska (b. 1992), fashion designer
Nona Liddell (1927–2017), violinist
Rebecca Lowe (b. 1980), sports broadcaster
Margaret Mackworth, 2nd Viscountess Rhondda (1883–1958), suffragist
Betty Miller (1910-1965), author
Ernestine Mills (1871–1959), artist, writer & suffragist
Jane Alice Morris (1861–1935), embroiderer
May Morris (1862–1938), artist & editor
Irene Petrie (1864–1897), missionary
Rosalind Pitt-Rivers (1907–1990), biochemist
Ruth Plant (1912–1988) architect & academic
Eleanor Purdie (1872–1929), philologist
Clara Rackham (1875–1966), suffragist
Hannah Reid (b. 1989), musician with the band London Grammar
Dame Angela Rumbold (1932–2010), Member of Parliament & Government Minister
Hilda Runciman, Viscountess Runciman of Doxford (1869–1956), Liberal politician
Dame Nancy Salmon (1906–1999), Women's Royal Air Force leader
Dame Louise Samuel (1870–1925), suffragist & charity worker
Professor Caroline Skeel (1872–1951), historian
GB Stern (1890–1973), novelist
Hannah Sullivan (b. 1979), poet
Helena Swanwick (1864–1939), suffragist & pacifist
Penny Vincenzi (1939–2018), novelist
Nina Wadia (b. 1968), actress
Emily Watson (b. 1967), actress
Reverend Alison White (b. 1956), bishop
Elizabeth Wiskemann (1899–1971), journalist & historian
Professor Helen Wodehouse (1880–1964), philosopher & academic
Frances Wood (1883–1919), chemist & statistician
Notable former staff
Edith Aitken, teacher
Hertha Ayrton, engineer, mathematician, physicist and inventor
Alice Cooper, teacher
Ella Mary Edghill, translator
Ethel Gavin head 1900-1908
Harriet Morant Jones was the founding head
Jane Ellen Harrison, classical scholar
Winifred Holtby, journalist and novelist
Katharine Jex-Blake, classical scholar
Margaret Meyer, mathematician
Marie Shedlock, story teller
Katharine Wallas, politician
Emily Ward, pioneer of childcare education
References
External links
School Website
Profile on the ISC website
Profile on the GDST website
Profile at MyDaughter
Educational institutions established in 1873
Private schools in the London Borough of Ealing
Private girls' schools in London
Schools of the Girls' Day School Trust
Member schools of the Girls' Schools Association
Member schools of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference
1873 establishments in England | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notting%20Hill%20and%20Ealing%20High%20School |
St Peter's Abbey in the Black Forest or St. Peter's Abbey, Schwarzwald () is a former Benedictine monastery in the village of St. Peter im Schwarzwald, in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
History
The monastic community of St. Peter's was the house monastery and burial place of the Zähringen family. It was founded in Weilheim, in or before 1073, but was forced by hostile military action during the Investiture Controversy to move to Hirsau. Duke Berthold II of Zähringen (1078–1111) re-founded it as a family monastery, but decided in about 1090 to move it to the site which is now St. Peter im Schwarzwald.
Here it soon developed as a reformed Benedictine monastery directly answerable to the papacy, as witness for example the privilege of Pope Urban II of 10 March 1095. The Vögte (lords protectors) were initially the Zähringen family but, in the late 13th century, they were succeeded by the Counts of Urach, against whom the monks were eventually obliged to seek the protection of Emperor Charles IV. In 1526 the office passed to the Habsburgs. In the 1520s its prior Michael Sattler became a leader of the Anabaptists.
By the gift of the Zähringen family and their ministeriales the abbey acquired substantial property, particularly in the 11th and 12th centuries, located in the immediate area, in the Breisgau and in the Baar region, near Weilheim. The abbey, like most other landowners of the time, suffered significant loss of income and tenants after the middle of the 14th century.
The abbey suffered disastrous fires in 1238 and again in 1437. It lost importance in the later mediaeval period, and the monastic reforms of the 15th century had little effect here. Nevertheless, it managed to keep its property intact, even through the troubles of the Reformation. The premises were re-built in Baroque style in the 17th and 18th centuries; the present church with the two onion towers ("Zwiebeltürme") was built in the 1720s. The architect was Peter Thumb, and the opulent Baroque decoration was by Franz Joseph Spiegler (55 frescoes, 1727) and Joseph Anton Feuchtmayer (sculptures), among other artists and craftsmen. Peter Thumb also constructed the library. The abbey was dissolved in the secularisation of 1806.
Abbots to 1544
Adalbero (1093–1100)
Hugo I (1100–08)
Eppo (1108–32)
Gozmann (1132–37)
Markward (1154–83)
Rudolf of Reutenhalden (1183–91)
Berthold I (1191–1220)
Heinrich I (1220–55)
Arnold (1255–75)
Walther I (1275–91)
Eberhard (1291–95)
Gottfried of Lötschibach (1295–1322)
Berthold II (1322–49)
Walther II (1350–53)
Johannes I of Immendingen (1353–57)
Peter I of Thannheim (1357–66)
Jakob I Stahelin (1367–80)
Hugo II (1380–82)
Heinrich II of Stein (1382–90)
Heinrich III Salatin (1390–92)
Johannes II of Stein (1392)
Erhard (1392–1401)
Benedikt I of Thannheim (1401–02)
Johannes III (1402–04)
Johannes IV Kanzler (1404–09)
Heinrich IV von Oettlingen (1409–14)
Heinrich V von Hornberg (1414–27)
Johannes V Tüffer (1427–39)
Jakob II von Altensummerau (1439–43)
Konrad von Hofen (1443–49)
Burkhard von Mansberg (1449–53)
Johannes VI von Küssenberg (1453–69)
Peter II Emhardt (1469–92)
Simon Budner (1492–96)
Peter III Gremmelsbach (1496–1512)
Jodocus Kaiser (1512–31)
Adam Guldin (1531–44)
Abbots of the Early Modern period include:
Philipp Jakob Steyrer (1749–95)
Ignaz Speckle (1795–1806)
Burials
Conrad I, Duke of Zähringen
Agnes of Rheinfelden
Berthold II, Duke of Swabia
References
Buhlmann, M., 2004. Benediktinisches Mönchtum im mittelalterlichen Schwarzwald. Ein Lexikon. Vortrag beim Schwarzwaldverein St. Georgen e.V., St. Georgen im Schwarzwald, 10. November 2004, Teil 2: N-Z (= Vertex Alemanniae, H.10/2), pp82ff. St. Georgen.
External links
Bibliography, University of Freiburg Library
St. Peter: History and images
Short history by the town of St. Peter
Detailed student research paper about the frescoes depicting scenes from the life of St. Peter
Benedictine monasteries in Germany
Monasteries in Baden-Württemberg
Christian monasteries established in the 11th century
Religious organizations established in the 1070s
11th-century establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
1806 disestablishments in the Holy Roman Empire
Buildings and structures in Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald
Burial sites of the House of Zähringen
Imperial abbeys | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbey%20of%20Saint%20Peter%20in%20the%20Black%20Forest |
The PAH world hypothesis is a speculative hypothesis that proposes that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), known to be abundant in the universe, including in comets, and assumed to be abundant in the primordial soup of the early Earth, played a major role in the origin of life by mediating the synthesis of RNA molecules, leading into the RNA world. However, as yet, the hypothesis is untested.
Background
The 1952 Miller–Urey experiment demonstrated the synthesis of organic compounds, such as amino acids, formaldehyde and sugars, from the original inorganic precursors the researchers presumed to have been present in the primordial soup (but is no longer considered likely). This experiment inspired many others. In 1961, Joan Oró found that the nucleotide base adenine could be made from hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and ammonia in a water solution. Experiments conducted later showed that the other RNA and DNA nucleobases could be obtained through simulated prebiotic chemistry with a reducing atmosphere.
The RNA world hypothesis shows how RNA can become its own catalyst (a ribozyme). In between there are some missing steps such as how the first RNA molecules could be formed. The PAH world hypothesis was proposed by Simon Nicholas Platts in May 2004 to try to fill in this missing step. A more thoroughly elaborated idea has been published by Ehrenfreund et al.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are the most common and abundant of the known polyatomic molecules in the visible universe, and are considered a likely constituent of the primordial sea. PAHs, along with fullerenes (or "buckyballs"), have been recently detected in nebulae. In April 2019, scientists, working with the Hubble Space Telescope, reported the confirmed detection of the large and complex ionized molecules of buckminsterfullerene (C60) in the interstellar medium spaces between the stars. (Fullerenes are also implicated in the origin of life; according to astronomer Letizia Stanghellini, "It's possible that buckyballs from outer space provided seeds for life on Earth.") In September 2012, NASA scientists reported that PAHs, subjected to interstellar medium (ISM) conditions, are transformed, through hydrogenation, oxygenation and hydroxylation, to more complex organics — "a step along the path toward amino acids and nucleotides, the raw materials of proteins and DNA, respectively". Further, as a result of these transformations, the PAHs lose their spectroscopic signature which could be one of the reasons "for the lack of PAH detection in interstellar ice grains, particularly the outer regions of cold, dense clouds or the upper molecular layers of protoplanetary disks."
In 2013, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were detected in the upper atmosphere of Titan, the largest moon of the planet Saturn.
In 2018, researchers reported low-temperature chemical pathways from simple organic compounds to complex PAHs. Such chemical pathways may help explain the presence of PAHs in the low-temperature atmosphere of Saturn moon Titan, and may be significant pathways, in terms of the PAH world hypothesis, in producing precursors to biochemicals related to life as we know it.
PAHs are not normally very soluble in sea water, but when subject to ionizing radiation such as solar UV light, the outer hydrogen atoms can be stripped off and replaced with a hydroxyl group, rendering the PAHs far more soluble.
These modified PAHs are amphiphilic, which means that they have parts that are both hydrophilic and hydrophobic. When in solution, they assemble in discotic mesogenic (liquid crystal) stacks which, like lipids, tend to organize with their hydrophobic parts protected.
In 2014, NASA announced a database for tracking polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the universe. More than 20% of the carbon in the universe may be associated with PAHs, possible starting materials for the formation of life. PAHs seem to have been formed as early as a couple of billion years after the Big Bang, are abundant in the universe, and are associated with new stars and exoplanets.
Reactions
Attachment of nucleobases to PAH scaffolding
In the self-ordering PAH stack, the separation between adjacent rings is 0.34 nm. This is the same separation found between adjacent nucleotides of RNA and DNA. Smaller molecules will naturally attach themselves to the PAH rings. However PAH rings, while forming, tend to swivel around on one another, which will tend to dislodge attached compounds that would collide with those attached to those above and below. Therefore, it encourages preferential attachment of flat molecules such as pyrimidine and purine nucleobases, the key constituents (and information carriers) of RNA and DNA. These bases are similarly amphiphilic and so also tend to line up in similar stacks.
Attachment of oligomeric backbone
According to the hypothesis, once the nucleobases are attached (via hydrogen bonds) to the PAH scaffolding, the inter-base distance would select for "linker" molecules of a specific size, such as small formaldehyde (methanal) oligomers, also taken from the prebiotic "soup", which will bind (via covalent bonds) to the nucleobases as well as each other to add a flexible structural backbone.
Detachment of the RNA-like strands
A subsequent transient drop in the ambient pH (increase in acidity), for example as a result of a volcanic discharge of acidic gases such as sulfur dioxide or carbon dioxide, would allow the bases to break off from their PAH scaffolding, forming RNA-like molecules (with the formaldehyde backbone instead of the ribose-phosphate backbone used by "modern" RNA, but the same 0.34 nm pitch).
Formation of ribozyme-like structures
The hypothesis further speculates that once long RNA-like single strands are detached from the PAH stacks, and after ambient pH levels became less acidic, they would tend to fold back on themselves, with complementary sequences of nucleobases preferentially seeking out each other and forming hydrogen bonds, creating stable, at least partially double-stranded RNA-like structures, similar to ribozymes. The formaldehyde oligomers would eventually be replaced with more stable ribose-phosphate molecules for the backbone material, resulting in a starting milestone for the RNA world hypothesis, which speculates about further evolutionary developments from that point.
See also
Astrochemistry
Atomic and molecular astrophysics
Cosmochemistry
Extragalactic astronomy
Extraterrestrial materials
History of the Earth
Iron-sulfur world theory
List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules
Thermosynthesis
Tholin
Other possible RNA precursors:
Glycol nucleic acid (GNA)
Peptide nucleic acid (PNA)
Threose nucleic acid (TNA)
References
External links
Life's ingredients found in early universe New Scientist Magazine 14:49 July 29, 2005
RNA-directed amino acid homochirality
Origin of life
Biological hypotheses
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PAH%20world%20hypothesis |
Charles Archibald Brookes Hoadley CBE (Burwood, 1 March 1887 – Footscray, 27 February 1947) was an Australian geologist.
Early life and education
The son of Abel Hoadley and his wife Susannah Ann née Barrett (he was the tenth of their fourteen children). He attended Toorak Grammar School, and from 1900, Wesley College.
He graduated from the University of Melbourne in 1911 with a degree in mining engineering.
Australasian Antarctic Expedition
Hoadley was a member of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition led by Sir Douglas Mawson from 1911 to 1914. Hoadley was a member of the Western Base Party. Cape Hoadley was named after him upon discovery by the exploration party. As well as his geological activities, Hoadley was involved with building the party’s hut, cooking, baking bread and taking part in a number of sledging parties.
Educationist
From 1914 to 1916 he lectured in engineering at Ballarat School of Mines, before becoming the Principal at the Footscray Technical School, a post he held until his death in 1947.
Scouting
In 1909, he founded one of the first Scout Groups in Footscray, Melbourne, Victoria. He was Chief Commissioner of the Scout Association's Victoria Branch from 1927 to 1937, where his major achievement was the creation of Counties to take administrative duties away from Branch Headquarters. He was better known as founder and from 1924 until his death in 1947 Warden of Gilwell Park, Gembrook and a key part of Leader training, being one of the state's two first Deputy Camp Chiefs – authorised to award Scout Leaders with the Wood Badge. In 1952 the new Senior Scout competition hike was named in his honour. The former Hoadley Scout Region in western Melbourne was also named after him. He was awarded the Silver Wolf Award in 1931.
Personal life
On 21 May 1932, he married Rita Cadle McComb at Holy Trinity, Kew. They had two children. Hoadley died from coronary thrombosis at home, in Footscray on 27 February 1947.
Honours and Awards
1913: Caroline Kay Scholarship and Government Research Scholarship in geology
1915: Polar Medal (Silver, Antarctic, 1912-14)
1931: Silver Wolf Award
1936: Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE)
References
Archival collections
Australasian Antarctic Expedition collection of records, pictorial and other material (1910-1934) / State Library of New South Wales
Further reading
Australasian Antarctic Expedition 1911-14 : scientific reports. Series A Vol 1 (Activities of the Western Base Party)
Hoadley, Jack A., Antarctica to Footscray: Arch Hoadley, a Man of Inspiration and Courage (Melbourne: Sid Harta Publications, 2010).
1887 births
1947 deaths
Australasian Antarctic Expedition
Australian explorers
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Explorers from Melbourne
Explorers of Antarctica
Academic staff of the Federation University Australia
Geologists from Melbourne
Recipients of the Polar Medal
Scouting and Guiding in Australia
Academic staff of the Victoria University, Melbourne | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Hoadley |
Ivan Ivanov Bagryanov () (17 October 1891, in Razgrad – 1 February 1945, in Sofia) was a leading Bulgarian politician who briefly served as Prime Minister during the Second World War.
Biography
After a career as a diplomat, he was chosen by the Council of Regents, who at the time had power in Bulgaria, to form a government capable of negotiating peace. In contrast to his predecessor, Dobri Bozhilov, Bagryanov was known for his largely pro-Western views. He saw his mission as removing Bulgaria from the war before the arrival of the Red Army and so attempted to open negotiations with the Western Allies. He also opened dialogue with Jewish leaders in an attempt to end anti-Jewish legislation. However, the coup by Michael I of Romania on August 23, 1944 severely damaged this plan as it ended effective Romanian resistance and allowed the Red Army a free hand to advance into Bulgaria. Bagryanov continued his drive to find separate peace, repudiating any alliance with Nazi Germany on August 26 and declaring neutrality, ending all anti-Jewish laws on August 29 (although it was officially ratified by the new government of Konstantin Muraviev on September 5) and ordering the withdrawal of Bulgarian troops from Yugoslavian Macedonia. However, Bagryanov's insistence on neutrality, rather than declaring war on the Axis Powers, hamstrung negotiations with the Allies and he was removed from government. After the Communist-led Fatherland front came to power he was amongst those tried for war crimes by the People's Court and executed on 1 February 1945 along with the regents of Bulgaria and other ministers and deputies. The verdict was revoked only in 1996 by Supreme Court.
Legacy
There are two streets in Sofia named after him – in Studentski grad and Boyana.
References
1891 births
1945 deaths
People from Razgrad
Prime Ministers of Bulgaria
World War II political leaders
Executed prime ministers
Executed Bulgarian people
People executed by the People's Republic of Bulgaria
People executed by Bulgaria by firing squad
People's Court (Bulgaria)
Heads of government who were later imprisoned | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan%20Bagrianov |
Girl A may refer to:
Girl A (novel), by Abigail Dean
Sasebo slashing
Sex trafficking in Great Britain | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girl%20A |
Helen Liang Memorial Secondary School (Shatin) (HLMSS, ) is a secondary school in Sha Tin, Hong Kong. The primary school division was founded in 1961, while the secondary school division was founded in 1977 and relocated to the current site of Sha Tin in 1988.
History
YC Liang CBE (梁昌) was a businessman in British Hong Kong and Portuguese Macau. During World War II, he was an anti-Japanese intelligence agent in the British Army Aid Group (BAAG). After the war, he founded Yin Cheong Co., Ltd. with his wife, Helen Liang (whose Chinese name contains the word Yin), and they had 5 sons and 2 daughters. Helen Liang died in 1960. Thus in 1961, YC Liang donated money to the Hong Kong Government to found Helen Liang Memorial Primary School to commemorate his deceased wife. The campus location was at Po Hing Fong, Sheung Wan (nearby the Blake Garden), and the school was opened by the then Financial Secretary Arthur Grenfell Clarke, who was the Godfather of Helen Liang.
Before the merger of the Chinese University of Hong Kong in 1963, the United College temporarily borrowed half of the Po Hing Fong building of Helen Liang Memorial Primary School as their campus from 1961 to 1962 (the then president was Dr. Ling Daoyang).
Helen Liang Memorial Secondary School was founded in 1977. The funding was donated by YC Liang again. It was also located in Po Hing Fong and named after Ms. Helen Liang, the deceased wife.
In 1988, the Hong Kong Government had granted land of 11,000 square meters in Tai Wai for Helen Liang Memorial Secondary School to build her new campus, and the school thus relocated from Sheung Wan to Sha Tin. The school has also been expanding over the years and has added a lot of facilities. The former site of 40 Po Hing Fong is now the King's College Old Boys' Association Primary School No. 2. It is also the exact location of the Po Hing Fong landslide in 1925.
Feature
Helen Liang Memorial Secondary School (Shatin) locates on a mound in Sha Tin, embraced by a verdant environment. Inside the school stands the outdoor theatre and curved flower path which is peculiar in Hong Kong.
Facilities
There are currently 28 standard classrooms with independent air-conditioning systems (simply it is just 2 air-conditioners per classroom), and includes a science laboratory, several computer rooms, a multi-media learning center, and a literature center. There are also a hall (which is like an auditorium but in Hong Kong style), a library, an outdoor basketball court, an indoor playground with a small digital notice board, and an indoor cafeteria.
Notable alumni
Dennis To: Actor and martial art champion in Asia
Nearby historical site
Beacon Hill Tunnel: The 100-year-old tunnel which is located at Hin Tin, Tai Wai. The tunnel was originally used as the monorail railway used by the British section of the Kowloon–Canton Railway. It was designed by architect Frederick Southey in 1906 and opened in 1910. After the electrification of the train in 1981, the tunnel was converted to a gas transmission pipeline.
Sha Tin Water Treatment Work: Located at Hin Tin, Tai Wai and opened in 1964. It is the largest water filtration plant in Hong Kong. It was refurbished in 2015 due to aging facilities.
See also
List of secondary schools in Hong Kong
Education in Hong Kong
References
External links
Helen Liang Memorial Secondary School (Shatin), Hong Kong Website
Secondary schools in Hong Kong
Tai Wai | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen%20Liang%20Memorial%20Secondary%20School%20%28Shatin%29 |
Devil's Path is the second EP by Norwegian symphonic black metal band Dimmu Borgir. It was originally released in 1996 by Hot Records. This album was reissued in 1999 along with the Old Man's Child Split EP In the Shades of Life, eventually becoming known as Sons of Satan Gather for Attack. The title track would later be re-recorded and released as part of the special edition of their album Puritanical Euphoric Misanthropia.
Track listing
Personnel
Dimmu Borgir
Shagrath - lead vocals and lead guitar; keyboards, lyrics, music (1 & 2), cover art
Erkekjetter Silenoz - rhythm guitar; music (1 & 2)
Nagash - bass guitar and backing vocals
Tjodalv - drums
Additional personnel
Christophe "Volvox" Szpajdel - logo
Marius Ryen - producer and engineering
Vargnatt - mastering
References
Dimmu Borgir albums
1996 EPs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devil%27s%20Path%20%28EP%29 |
The Lady from Dubuque is a play by Edward Albee, which premiered on Broadway in 1980 for a brief run. The play ran in London in 2007.
Productions
The Lady from Dubuque opened on Broadway at the Morosco Theatre on January 31, 1980, and closed on February 9, 1980, after 12 performances and 8 previews.<ref name=vault>The Lady from Dubuque' Broadway"] playbillvault.com, accessed November 24, 2015</ref> Directed by Alan Schneider, the set design was by Rouben Ter-Arutunian, lighting by Richard Nelson, costumes by John Falabella, and Irene Worths's costumes by Pauline Trigère. The cast featured Celia Weston (Lucinda), Tony Musante (Sam), Frances Conroy (Jo), Baxter Harris (Fred), David Leary (Edgar), Maureen Anderman (Carol), Earle Hyman (Oscar), and Irene Worth (Elizabeth). The show starred Irene Worth (who had originated leading roles in Albee plays Tiny Alice and Listening) and Earle Hyman alongside a youthful cast headed by Broadway debutante Frances Conroy, with costars such as Maureen Anderman, who had appeared in Albee's 1975 play Seascape and the 1976 revival of his Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, Tony Musante, and Celia Weston. The play received Tony Award nominations for Anderman and Hyman, as Featured Actress and Actor.
It was produced at the Seattle Repertory Theatre from January 11 to February 10, 2007. Directed by David Esbjornson, the cast featured Carla Harting (Jo), Myra Carter (Elizabeth), Kristin Flanders, and Paul Morgan Stetler. Esbjornson thought about asking Albee to "update the script, but ultimately kept its late-1970s setting. 'I think it reflects how after Vietnam and Nixon, people were turning inwards more and looking at the personal more than the political. It’s also a middle play for Edward, with some familiar themes, like the arrival of outsiders, the darkness and complexity of relationships and how … surface civility can be undermined.'"
An Off-Broadway revival opened at the Signature Theatre Company, running from March 5, 2012, to April 15, 2012. The cast starred Jane Alexander (Elizabeth), Michael Hayden (Sam), Laila Robins (Jo), Peter Francis James (Oscar), and Catherine Curtain (Lucinda). The production received nominations for the 2012 Drama Desk Award, Outstanding Revival of a Play; 2012 Outer Critics Circle Award for Outstanding Revival of a Play and Outstanding Actress in a Play, Laila Robins; and 2012 Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding Featured Actor, Peter Francis James and Outstanding Revival. Laila Robins won the 2012 Richard Seff Award.
London production
The London premiere took place on March 6, 2007 (previews) at the Theatre Royal, Haymarket, directed by Anthony Page and starring Maggie Smith, Catherine McCormack (Jo), Chris Larkin (Edgar), Robert Sella (Sam), Peter Francis James (Oscar), Vivienne Benesch (Lucinda), Jennifer Regan (Carol), and Glenn Fleshler (Fred).
Synopsis
The play's first act finds three young couples (Sam + Jo hosting Fred + Carol and Lucinda + Edgar) engaging in party games like Twenty Questions. Jo's angry bitterness becomes apparent earlier than its source, which is the terminal disease that tortures her and will soon claim her life. At the end of the act, after the mounting tension drives the guests to leave, Sam carries Jo up to bed. Suddenly, a fourth couple appears from the wings: a glamorous older woman (Elizabeth) and her black companion (Oscar). She asks the audience, "Are we in time? Is this the place?" and answers her own questions: "Yes, we are in time. This is the place." The curtain falls.
In Act One, the recurrent theme of the game was "Who are you?" Now that question becomes more serious, as Sam, shocked by the appearance of these strangers in his house, repeatedly demands that Elizabeth reveal her identity. She eventually insists that she is Jo's mother, come from Dubuque, Iowa "for her daughter's dying". However, Sam knows Jo's mother as a small, balding woman with pink hair, who lives in New Jersey and is estranged from Jo, and Elizabeth is clearly not she. Unfortunately for Sam, who vigorously protests the veracity of Elizabeth's claims, Jo runs into Elizabeth's arms and never questions her appearance or identity. Whoever she and Oscar may—or may not—be, they clearly represent the coming of Death, something familiar and unknown. At the end of the play, Oscar carries the dying Jo upstairs one last time. As the devastated Sam demands once more to learn Elizabeth's true identity, she ends the play with this line: "Why, I'm the lady from Dubuque. I thought you knew. [to the audience I thought he knew."
Elizabeth's curtain lines, quoted above, typify the Pirandellian style of the play's dialogue, in which characters frequently make comments directly to the audience (the first occurs very early, when Jo, observing the Twenty Questions game in progress, looks out at the audience and asks, "Don't you hate party games?").
Critical response
Michael Billington, in his review of the 2007 London production, wrote: "...to me the lady from Dubuque is clearly the angel of death: a theory supported by the way the uxorious Sam resists her, while the pain-stricken Jo accepts her warm embrace. As in A Delicate Balance, Albee is also offering a metaphor for a decaying civilisation. This is a world where friendship is meaningless, words such as 'liberty' are dismissed as mere semantics, and where the mysterious intruder remarks that 'we're too bewildered to survive' ".
Ben Brantley, in his review of the Off-Broadway 2012 production for The New York Times, wrote: "as David Esbjornson’s crisp production reminds us, the Albee of Virginia Woolf is very much present in Dubuque. For one thing, the little shindig that begins this later play echoes the nasty revels of Virginia Woolf, in which 'get the guest' was the favorite parlor game...The Lady From Dubuque'' is an allegory. It’s about what happens when death comes to call, and how we all do our damnedest to turn it away or pretend it isn’t there... the talk may be arch and precious and on occasion ponderous. Mr. Albee can’t help himself. But that dialogue is always impeccably paced."
References
External links
Plays by Edward Albee
1980 plays | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Lady%20from%20Dubuque |
Ahmići () is a village in central Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located in the municipality of Vitez in the Lašva river valley.
In April 1993 during the Lašva Valley ethnic cleansing, the Croatian Defence Council forces attacked the village and massacred around 120 civilians in the Ahmići massacre. Since then many survivors have returned and have begun to rebuild their homes.
Population
Ethnic composition, census 1991
total: 466
ethnic Muslims - 356 (76.39%)
Croats - 87 (18.66%)
Yugoslavs - 2 (0.42%)
others and unknown - 21 (4.50%)
These numbers are in dispute, see the Ahmici massacre article for another pre-war (1991) analysis.
census 2013
According to the 2013 census, its population was 506.
References
Official results from the book: Ethnic composition of Bosnia-Herzegovina population, by municipalities and settlements, 1991. census, Zavod za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine - Bilten no.234, Sarajevo 1991.
Villages in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Populated places in Vitez | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmi%C4%87i |
The BBC Allied Expeditionary Forces Programme was a national radio station during World War II in the mid-1940s.
History
Overview
Upon the outbreak of World War II on 1 September 1939, the BBC had merged its two nationwide radio stations – the National Programme and the Regional Programme (which were begun broadcasting on 9 March 1930) – into a single BBC Home Service. On 7 January 1940, this was supplemented by a station aimed at the British Armed Forces serving at home (until Dunkirk in France and Belgium), the BBC Forces Programme.
With the arrival of troops from United States and Canada in the run-up to Normandy landings (also known as 'D-Day'), the Forces Programme was replaced by a service more tailored to new audience as the General Forces Programme, which also broadcast on shortwave for service people in the Asian theatre of operations. When Operation Overlord, the Allied invasion of occupied Europe began, it was felt by the Allied governments that a joint service of entertainment, news and information for the fighting troops would be a better use of resources than providing separate services from American Forces Network and Canadian Broadcasting Corporation stations.
This combined station, called the Allied Expeditionary Forces Programme was fully operated by the BBC on behalf of the Allied forces, began broadcasting on 7 June 1944 (shortly after 'D-Day') with 514 metres (583 kHz) providing a service dominated by cabaret and swing music.
Closure
The station closed soon after Victory in Europe Day on 28 July 1945 when the British Forces Network, AFN and CBC had established their own services in the areas each force was occupying. The following day, BBC Light Programme began.
References
External links
WWII Radio
Radiomusications by Transdiffusion
The BBC at War
BBC history
Allied Expeditionary Forces Programme
Defunct BBC national radio stations
Radio stations established in 1944
Radio stations disestablished in 1945
1944 establishments in the United Kingdom
1945 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
1940s in the United Kingdom
United Kingdom in World War II
Radio during World War II
1944 in radio
1945 in radio
American Forces Network
CBC Radio
Military broadcasting
Allies of World War II | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC%20Allied%20Expeditionary%20Forces%20Programme |
Ciano may refer to:
Ciano (surname), a surname of Italian origin
Ciano (Crocetta del Montello), a hamlet (frazione) of Crocetta del Montello, Veneto
Ciano d'Enza, a hamlet (frazione) of Canossa, Emilia-Romagna
Ciano (album), album of rock band Brazilian Fresno | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciano |
The Bradford County Jail served as the jail in Bradford County, Pennsylvania from 1873 to 1991. It was located in Towanda, Pennsylvania.
The building is now home to the Bradford County Museum.
History
In 1871, a new jail was needed for Bradford County, because the previous jail was located in the basement of the courthouse. It was constructed from 1871 to 1873. The land was purchased from the widow of Dr. E.H. Manson, after the house on the property burned down in a fire. The new jail was designed by Avery Frink, the architect of the Susquehanna County jail. The county commissioners decided to build the jail themselves, under the supervision of Frink, instead of contracting work. Construction of the massive stone building began in 1871 and was finally completed two years later in 1873. m The first prisoners were moved in on August 14, 1873. The front section of the building was the home of sheriff J. Monroe Smith and his family. During the jails 118-year operation, it housed a variety of prisoners, both male and female. After the jail was determined in 1991 to be in a rapidly deteriorating state, the county decided that a new, larger, and more modern jail would be built.
Museum
In 1998, the county commissioners voted to transfer the property to the Bradford County Historical Society. The Bradford County Museum offers three floors of exhibits and activities presenting the history of the county. Through the exhibits, visitors are able to see and learn about the life in Bradford County, from the early days to the present. The museum holds artifacts on early settler's household and, early industrial displays, paintings and photo boards, and military objects all representing the county's heritage.
References
"The Settler", May 2001
External links
Bradford County Historical Society
Buildings and structures in Bradford County, Pennsylvania
Defunct prisons in Pennsylvania
Jails in Pennsylvania
1873 establishments in Pennsylvania
1991 disestablishments in Pennsylvania | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bradford%20County%20Jail |
Home Hill is a rural town and locality in the Shire of Burdekin, Queensland, Australia. In the , the locality of Home Hill had a population of 2,954 people.
At the delta of the Burdekin River, it is a sugarcane growing area with underground water supplies to irrigate crops.
Badilla is a neighbourhood in the south of the locality ().
Geography
Home Hill lies approximately south of Townsville and north of the state capital Brisbane on the Bruce Highway. It is a part of the Shire of Burdekin which includes the town of Ayr to the north. Both towns are governed by the Burdekin Shire Council.
The Burdekin River forms the locality's north-western boundary. The town is situated centrally within the locality surrounded by crop farming. The Bruce Highway passes through the town from the south-east (Fredericksfield / Inkerman) to the north-west crossing the river via the Burdekin Bridge to McDesme en route to Ayr.
The North Coast railway line runs immediately parallel and west of the highway, also entering from the south-east (Fredericksfield / Inkerman) and exiting to the north-west (McDesme) via the Burdekin Bridge. There are three railway stations within the locality:
Carstairs railway station, now abandoned, at the Inkerman Sugar Mill in the north of the locality ()
Home Hill railway station in the town centre ()
Badilla railway station, now abandoned, in the south of the locality ()
To the west of the town is Gardiner's Lagoon.
Despite its name, the land in the locality is very flat.
History
Yuru (also known as Juru, Euronbba, Juru, Mal Mal, Malmal) is an Australian Aboriginal language spoken on Yuru country. The Yuru language region includes the landscape within the local government boundaries of the Shire of Burdekin, including the town of Home Hill.
Home Hill was originally part of the Inkerman Downs Cattle Station. In August 1910, the Inkerman estate was resumed by the Queensland Government under the Closer Settlement Act. It was subdivided into farming allotments. Although the town of Ayr was very close by, there was no bridge across the Burdekin River and hence it was necessary to establish a separate town to support the new farming community. The first blocks of town land were offered for sale in December 1912 under the name of Home Hill.
The origin of the name Home Hill is much disputed. The Queensland Government claims it was named after Home Hill, a hilltop defended by the British Army in the Battle of Inkerman in the Crimean War. However it has also been claimed that it was named after Colonel Home who lived in the district and had fought in the Crimea. Another claim is that the name was originally Holme Hill which was corrupted into Home Hill, possibly by a signwriter painting the name at the railway station. A newspaper report in September 1912 calls the proposed town Holme Hill but also makes the connection with the Battle of Inkerman. There are also numerous early references to the town as Holm Hill. Certainly the Hill part of the name does not relate to the local geography which is quite flat with the nearest hill is about away.
Home Hill Post Office opened by 1913 (a receiving office had been open from 1912). In the 1990s there were rumours that the post office would be closed. However, eventually the decision was made to privatise it in 1997.
A tent school was opened in the district on 23 March 1913 but was replaced by the Inkerman State School on 25 October 1913 which was renamed Home Hill State School on 19 January 1914.
The Inkerman Bridge across the Burdekin River to McDesme officially opened on 8 September 1913. The bridge carried the North Coast railway line. As the nearest road bridge across the river was upstream, a low-level road bridge was built across the river () in 1929 and was completed in January 1930 and within two weeks was under water due to the river flooding. Due to the frequent flooding of the river, the rail and road bridges were often closed or damaged, leading to the decision to build a single higher-level road-and-rail bridge. Due to the lack of rock in the sandy soil to use as foundations, for many years it was not believed possible to build a high-level bridge across the Burdekin River. However, by copying construction techniques used in India for sand-footing bridges, work began on the Burdekin Bridge (also known as the Silver Link) in April 1947 but it was not operational until 27 March 1957. The new bridge was upstream of the Inkerman Bridge. The Burdekin Bridge officially opened on 15 June 1957. At , the Burdekin Bridge is one of the longest multi-span bridges in Australia and the only one in Australia without a firm footing. Some pylons of the Inkerman Bridge are still visible.
The farming allocations were taken up to grow sugar cane and the town developed quite quickly after the establishment of the Inkerman sugar mill in 1914.
The earliest recorded burials in Home Hill cemetery were in 1917. In 2007 a lawn cemetery section was added.
In 1922, a power station was built enabling electricity to be supplied for the first time in Home Hill.
In 1923, the first courthouse in Home Hill opened, operating from a timber building that had formerly been used as Jensen's Boot Palace. The building was relocated to the present courthouse site, where it was replaced by the extant brick structure in 1937. The court house closed in 1991 after which it was occupied by a tourist information centre and then local radio station Sweet FM.
Home Hill's own newspaper the ''Home Hill Observer'' commenced in 1923 under proprietor and editor Thomas (Tom) Jackson, relocating offices a number of times over the years. In June 2014, the newspaper ceased publication; the then editor was David Jackson, grandson of Tom.
The Home Hill Agricultural, Horticultural and Industrial Society held its first show on 20 November 1926. In 1935 the society established its own grounds and erected pavilions. The shows were held annually (apart from 1942 to 1944 due to World War II) until 2001 when the shows were no longer economically viable. For two years beginning September 1943, the Royal Australian Air Force operated a radar station at Charlies Hill south of the town, staffed by approximately two dozen servicemen and women.
St Colman's Catholic School opened on 7 April 1927. It was operated by the Sisters of Mercy until 1967 when it came under the control of the Townsville Catholic Education Office.
On 16 February 1959, Cyclone Connie struck Home Hill. No building escaped damage with every window broken in the main street. One hundred people were made homeless.
The first Home Hill Harvest Festival was held in 1963. It continues to be held annually in November to celebrate the end of the sugar cane crushing season.
Home Hill State High School opened on 28 January 1964.
Some farmers began to experiment with rice in the 1960s with a local rice mill opening in 1968. However, the rice industry collapsed in Queensland in 1994 when the Queensland Rice Marketing Board experienced financial difficulties bringing this crop to an end in the Home Hill area. However, other crops have been introduced to the area and found their niche in the economy; they include mangoes, cucumbers, tomatoes, chillies, sorghum, maize, cotton and cassava.
Town water via a water tower was supplied in Home Hill from 27 March 1968. Prior to this many used windmills and electric pumps to extract water from beneath the ground. Sewerage was installed from 1976 to 1979 with most household using septic tanks before then.
In the mid-1980s, the economics of sugarcane farming worsened with rising costs and falling prices. Mechanisation was needed to reduce labour costs but the cost of purchasing the equipment was high. Small farms became increasingly less viable leading to the slogan "Get big or get out" which saw many leave the industry allowing those who remained to create larger more viable farms.
Home Hill library opened in 1984 and in 2017 underwent a major refurbishment.
At the 2006 census, Home Hill had a population of 2,907.
In the 2011 census, Home Hill had a population of 3,027 people.
In the the locality of Home Hill had a population of 2,954 people.
In August 2016, two British backpackers were killed in a stabbing attack at the Home Hill Backpackers hostel, leaving others injured, by a French national shouted "Allahu Akbar" during the killings and during his arrest and who had allegedly used cannabis on the night of the attack.
Heritage listings
Home Hill has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
First Avenue (): Home Hill Powerhouse
3 Eighth Avenue: Greek Orthodox Church
138 – 140 Eighth Avenue: Old Home Hill Court House
143 Eighth Avenue: Doctor's Surgery
145 Eighth Avenue: Malpass Hotel
Charlies Hill, Lyah: No.211 Radar Station (RAAF)
Economy
The town relies on its primary industries. The major crop is sugarcane. Other crops include mango and various vegetables.
The Inkerman Sugar Mill is in the north of the locality at Mill Lane ().
Education
Home Hill State School is a government primary (Prep-6) school for boys and girls at 113 Fourteenth Avenue (). In 2018, the school had an enrolment of 266 students with 20 teachers (16 full-time equivalent) and 18 non-teaching staff (12 full-time equivalent).
St Colman's School is a Catholic primary (Prep-6) school for boys and girls at Eleventh Avenue (). In 2018, the school had an enrolment of 50 students with 5 teachers (4 full-time equivalent) and 6 non-teaching staff (3 full-time equivalent).
Home Hill State High School is a government secondary (7–12) school for boys and girls at First Street (). In 2018, the school had an enrolment of 241 students with 32 teachers (30 full-time equivalent) and 20 non-teaching staff (13 full-time equivalent). The school operates a primary and secondary (Prep-12) special education program.
The Burdekin campus of TAFE Queensland provides technical training at Seventeenth Avenue ().
Facilities
Home Hill Police Station is at 138–140 Eighth Avenue (); it is adjacent to the Old Home Hill Court House ().
Home Hill SES Facility is at 84 Eleventh Avenue ().
Home Hill Health Service is a 14-bed public hospital at 72–82 Tenth Street, predominantly providing aged care services ().
Home Hill Fire Station () and Home Hill Ambulance Station () both operate from 83 Tenth Avenue, adjacent to the hospital.
Home Hill Aged Hostel is a nursing home at 127–143 Tenth Avenue ().
Home Hill Cemetery is at 63–85 Fourth Street ().
Home Hill Wastewater Treatment Plant is a sewage treatment plant at 60 Bojack Road ().
Amenities
Burdekin Memorial Hall is a community centre at 77–79 Ninth Avenue (). It has a large hall seating (seating up to 700 people), a small hall seating up to 120 people and a meeting room for up to 25 people. It also contains the Home Hill public library ().
St Colman's Catholic Church is at 89–91 Tenth Avenue ().
St Helen's Anglican Church is at 47 Fourteenth Street ().
Burdekin Uniting Church has two churches, one at 32 Twelfth Street in Home Hill () and the other in Ayr. It is part of the North Queensland Presbytery of the Uniting Church in Australia.
St Stephen's Greek Orthodox Church is at 1–5 Eighth Avenue ().
Burdekin Apostolic Church is in Eighteenth Street ().
Home Hill Seventh-day Adventist Church is at 75 Thirteenth Avenue ().
Home Hill Presbyterian Church is at 75 Ninth Avenue ().
Home Hill Bakery is at 84 Ninth Avenue ()
Events
The Home Hill Harvest Festival is an annual week-long program of events held in November, culminating in a street parade and Mardi Gras.
The Burdekin Race Club holds regular race days at Home Hill.
Attractions
The main attractions in Home Hill are the Burdekin Bridge, Inkerman Sugar Mill and Ashworth's Rock Shop. In the past few years it has become increasingly popular for backpackers, who flock to the area to earn money planting and harvesting crops.
Notable residents
Anne Geddes, photographer
Gordon Hookey, artist
Rosemary Menkens, politician
Donald Nicklin, chemical engineer and professor, born in Home Hill
Craig Wallace, politician
See also
List of tramways in Queensland
References
Further reading
External links
Burdekin Online
Burdekin Shire Council
Towns in Queensland
Localities in Queensland
Shire of Burdekin | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home%20Hill%2C%20Queensland |
The Hessian (; from Hesse in Germany) is a style of light boot that became popular from the beginning of the 19th century.
History and description
First worn by German soldiers in the 18th century, these military riding boots became popular in England, particularly during the Regency period (1811–1820), with their polished leather and ornamental tassels. Initially used as standard issue footwear for light cavalry regiments, especially hussars, they would become widely worn by civilians as well.
The boots had a low heel, and a semi-pointed toe that made them practical for mounted troops, as they allowed easy use of stirrups. They reached to the knee and had a decorative tassel at the top of each shaft, with a "v" notch in front.
The Hessian boot would evolve into the rubber work boots known as "Wellington boots".
See also
Hessian (soldier)
References
External links
Footwear History
18th-century fashion
19th-century fashion
Boots
Historical footwear
History of clothing (Western fashion) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hessian%20%28boot%29 |
Kesan () is a village in Golidagh Rural District, Golidagh District, Maraveh Tappeh County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 630, in 119 families.
References
Populated places in Maraveh Tappeh County | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesan |
Konstantin Vladov Muraviev () (5 March 1893, Pazardzhik – 31 January 1965) was a leading member of the Agrarian People's Union who briefly served as Prime Minister of Bulgaria near the end of Bulgaria's involvement in the Second World War on the side of Germany. Muraviev was educated at Robert College of Istanbul, just like Todor Ivanchov, Konstantin Stoilov and many other Bulgarians were at the time.
Early career
The nephew of Aleksandar Stamboliyski, he was appointed Minister of War under his uncle when aged only 29, although he proved unsuccessful in the post, with his refusal to acknowledge threats of a coup a major factor in the collapse of Stamboliyski's government in 1923. He would hold several other cabinet posts in coalition governments between 1931 and 1934 and his assured performances in these role rehabilitated his political reputation.
Prime Minister
During the Second World War he became one of the most prominent leaders of the legal opposition within parliament. However, on 2 September 1944 Muraviev was chosen by the Regency as Prime Minister in order to appeal to the Western Allies after they had rejected the advances of his predecessor Ivan Bagryanov. Muraviev ratified the abolition of all laws against Jews on 5 September.
The cabinet included no members of either the Fatherland Front or the left wing of the Agrarian Party, making it wholly unacceptable to Moscow. Muraviev had made overtures to the Fatherland Front although he was rebuffed as by this point they felt ready to establish their own government, rather than act as junior partners. His refusal to declare war on Germany further alienated him from the Soviets, although for his part Muraviev feared that a declaration of war would offer the USSR the pretext for an occupation of Bulgaria, ostensibly as the defence of an ally.
Faced with a series of strikes he broke relations with Germany on 5 September but, on the advice of his War Minister General Ivan Marinov (bg), did not declare war in order to allow Bulgarian troops to evacuate Yugoslavia first. The scheme failed however as the Soviet Union promptly declared war on Bulgaria and, by the time Muraviev did likewise against Germany on 8 September it was too late. After just over a week in the job, his government was overthrown by the Fatherland Front coup of 9 September 1944 as the Red Army advanced into the country. Although he had made overtures to the Allies throughout his brief Premiership the Soviet Union had refused to negotiate with him and his efforts had failed. Muraviev's efforts had also been damaged by the fact that General Marinov had secretly been in contact with the Fatherland Front throughout and had been largely acting on their behalf.
Post-war
Unlike many of his contemporaries, Muraviev was not executed after the war, albeit he received a life sentence and was imprisoned until 1955. In 1956, he was re-arrested and imprisoned until 1961. Upon his release, Muraviev largely resigned himself to the new situation and in 1961 even held a series of discussions with Georgi Traykov, something for which he was condemned by his former colleagues on the right of the Agrarian Union.
He published a book on Bulgarian politics, Sаbitiya i hora (Събития и хора (Events and people)), in 1963.
See also
Bulgarian coup d'état of 1944
References
1893 births
1965 deaths
People from Pazardzhik
Bulgarian Agrarian National Union politicians
Prime Ministers of Bulgaria
World War II political leaders
Robert College alumni
Leaders ousted by a coup
Members of the National Assembly (Bulgaria)
Bulgarian prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
20th-century Bulgarian politicians
Heads of government who were later imprisoned
Defence ministers of Bulgaria
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Bulgaria | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstantin%20Muraviev |
Vengi or Venginadu (Telugu: వేంగి) is an Indian region in modern-day Andhra Pradesh spread over the Godavari and Krishna river deltas. The capital city of Vengi is located at Pedavegi near Eluru. Vengi was the most prominent city in Ancient Andhra for nearly seven centuries. Vengi served as the capital for Andhra dynasty like Salankayanas This region was part of Ashoka's Mauryan Empire in the mid-3rd century BCE. After the Mauryan Empire collapsed in 185 BC, the region was dominated by the Satavahanas, who were succeeded in Vengi by the Andhra Ikshvakus. Around 300 CE, the Andhra Ikshvakus were replaced by the Salankayanas. In the late 5th century, the Salankayanas were annexed by the Vishnukundinas.
King Pulakesin II of the Chalukya conquered Vengi from the Vishnukundinas in the early 7th century and installed his brother Kubja Vishnuvardhana as the viceroy. He eventually established the Eastern Chalukya dynasty. The Eastern Chalukyas were first conquered by the Cholas under Raja Raja Chola I (985–1014) and subsequently became very closely aligned to the Chola empire through marital alliance between the Cholas and the Eastern Chalukyas. This insulated the Eastern Chalukyas from the interference of the Western Chalukyas who sought to make the Eastern Chalukyas as their subordinates. During the reign of the Kulothunga Chola I the Vengi kingdom got absorbed into the Chola empire.
Satavahana period
The Vengi territory was part of Ashoka's empire and Satavahanas were the Mauryan feudatories administering the area. Following Ashoka's death and the decline of the Mauryas, Satavahana Simuka established the Satavahana dynasty, which came to include even the Magadha and Bengal at its height. The Satavahanas lasted for the next four hundred years after which the Pallavas and Eastern Chalukyas took control of the kingdom.
Vengi Chalukyas
The Eastern Chalukyas of the 7th and 8th century, were a branch of the Chalukyas of Badami. Pulakesin II, the renowned ruler of Chalukyas conquered Vengi (at a battle near Eluru) in 624 from Vishnukundinas and installed his brother Kubja Vishnuvardhana (624- 641) as its ruler. His dynasty, known as the Eastern Chalukyas, ruled for a century. Vishnuvardhana extended his dominions up to Srikakulam in the north and Nellore in the south. They had faced many wars for the next three centuries from Rashtrakutas and others. The Western Chalukya king Satyashraya tried to amalgamate the two dynasties, but was not successful due to the constant battles with the Paramaras and the Cholas.
Imperial Cholas
To counter the interference of the Western Chalukyas, Rajaraja Chola I supported Saktivarman I, an Eastern Chalukya prince who was in exile in the Chola country. He invaded Vengi in 999 CE to restore Saktivarman to the Eastern Chalukya throne by defeating and killing Telugu Chola king Jata Choda Bhima. Saktivarman finally got his throne back in 1002 CE and consented to recognise the overlordship of Rajaraja Chola I. Vengi Chalukyas remained as subordinate of Chola empire until Kulottunga Chola I took the complete overlordship of Vengi. Vengi was part of kingdom of Later Cholas during the 12th century. The Western Chalukyas under the king Vikramaditya VI occupied Vengi in 1118, but the Cholas under Vikrama Chola regained Vengi from Chalukya monarch Someshvara III in 1126–27 with the help of the Velanati Chodas of Tsandavolu. Vengi remained under Chola Empire for 2 centuries till Kulottunga Chola III's rule.
Later kingdoms
Between 1135 and 1206, several other minor kingdoms ruled over parts of Andhra Pradesh accepting the authority of the Velanati Cholas. By 1208, Vengi was part of Kakatiya Empire as subordinates to Kakatiyas until their downfall in 1323. Later Vengi became part of the Vijayanagara Empire in the 16th century.
Literature
Vengi has occupied a prominent place in the history of Andhra Pradesh since the time of Eastern Chalukyas. They patronised Telugu. Since the time of the Eastern Chalukya Gunaga Vijayaditya, inscriptions show Telugu prose and poetry, culminating in the production of literary works. Later on, in the 11th century under the patronage of the then Vengi king, Rajaraja Narendra, the great epic, Mahabharata was translated partly by his court poet, Nannaya.
References
K.A. Nilakanta Sastri, A History of South India (Madras, 1976)
K.A. Nilakanta Sastri, An Advanced History of India (1980)
Regions of India
South India | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vengi |
Herana-Daze Lavalle Jones (first name pronounced like 'Hernandez') (born April 15, 1982) is a former American football safety. He was signed by the Cincinnati Bengals as an undrafted free agent in 2005. He played college football at Indiana.
Jones was also a member of the Denver Broncos, New England Patriots, New Orleans Saints and Arizona Cardinals.
Early years
Jones attended Iroquois High School in Louisville, Kentucky where, as a senior, he scored 26 touchdowns and broke the state record with a 220 yards per game rushing average, previously held by Shaun Alexander. Jones also lettered in track and basketball.
College career
Jones played college football at Indiana, where he was a four-year starter. He currently ranks 4th All-time in tackles at Indiana with 342. As a senior, he led the team in tackles with 110, making 2nd team all big ten.
Professional career
Cincinnati Bengals
Jones was signed by the Cincinnati Bengals as a college free agent on April 28, 2005. After spending the 2005 season on the Bengals' practice squad, he made the 53-man roster in 2006. Jones led the Bengals in special teams tackles in both 2006 and 2007. He was placed on injured reserve on October 17, 2008, and released from injured reserve with an injury settlement on November 4, 2008.
Denver Broncos
Jones signed with the Denver Broncos on December 3, 2008. He was waived on December 10 when the team re-signed tight end Jeb Putzier. He was re-signed by the Broncos on December 16 when running back Cory Boyd was waived. He was released again on June 18, 2009.
New England Patriots
Jones signed with the New England Patriots on July 28, 2009. He was released by the Patriots during final cuts on September 5.
New Orleans Saints
Jones signed with the New Orleans Saints on December 22, 2009, when the team waived cornerback Marcus McCauley. He was waived on December 29 as the team re-signed tight end Tory Humphrey.
Arizona Cardinals
Jones signed a future contract with the Arizona Cardinals on January 21, 2010.
External links
Official website
New England Patriots bio
Denver Broncos bio
1982 births
Living people
Players of American football from Louisville, Kentucky
American football safeties
Indiana Hoosiers football players
Cincinnati Bengals players
Denver Broncos players
New England Patriots players
New Orleans Saints players
Arizona Cardinals players
Florida Tuskers players
Iroquois High School alumni | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herana-Daze%20Jones |
The Cadillac Orleans was a concept car designed by Cadillac for the 1953 auto show circuit. It was the first four-door hardtop concept. The hardtop design eliminated the traditional B-pillar found on most cars of the era. Powered by a Cadillac V8 engine with an output of , the Orleans was never put into production. The design innovations on this car would not be put into a production car until the 1956 Sedan de Ville. The car also featured suicide doors, a wrap around windshield, full air conditioning, and several safety improvement attempts, such as a feature which resulted in the doors only being able to be opened if the car was in neutral. Another unique luxury feature was the addition of an AC/DC converter and a normal household outlet to allow electronic devices to be plugged into the car. A compartment in the backrest held a men's electric razor, a vanity case, and a mirror.
References
External links
The Cadillac Database: Dream Cars
Orleans | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac%20Orleans |
Michael Bolotin is the debut studio album by American recording artist Michael Bolton, who recorded the album under his birth name. It was released by RCA Records in 1975.
Track listing
"Your Love" (Bolotin)
"Give Me a Reason"
"Dream While You Can"
"Tell Me How You Feel"
"It's All Comin' Back to You"
"It's Just a Feelin'"
"Everybody Needs a Reason"
"You're No Good"
"Time Is on My Side" ("Norman Meade", aka Jerry Ragovoy)
"Take Me as I Am"
"Lost in the City"
Personnel
Andy Newmark, Bernard Purdie - drums
Wilbur Bascomb - bass guitar
Walt Richmond - keyboards
Patrick Henderson - piano
Fred Bova, Wayne Perkins - guitar
Jim Horn, Dennis Morouse, David Sanborn - saxophone
George Sturtevant - flute
Lani Groves, Marcy Levy, Barbara Massey, Mary Russell (née McCreary) - backing vocals
References
Michael Bolton albums
1975 debut albums
RCA Records albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Bolotin%20%28album%29 |
In Greek Mythology, Leimakids were nymphs of meadows. They are also known as Leimoniads.
References
Nymphs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leimakid |
David Ayer (born January 18, 1968) is an American filmmaker known for making crime films that are set in Los Angeles and deal with gangs and police corruption. His screenplays include Training Day (2001), The Fast and the Furious (2001), and S.W.A.T. (2003). He has also directed Harsh Times (2005), Street Kings (2008), End of Watch (2012), and Sabotage (2014). In 2016, he directed the superhero movie Suicide Squad from the DC Extended Universe, and then the urban fantasy film Bright (2017) for Netflix. He has twice collaborated with actor Shia LaBeouf: first with the World War II drama Fury (2014), then the crime thriller The Tax Collector (2020). He has also collaborated with his friend Cle Shaheed Sloan who has appeared in four of his films.
Early life
Ayer was born in Champaign, Illinois, on January 18, 1968, and grew up in Bloomington, Minnesota, and Bethesda, Maryland, where he was kicked out of his house by his parents as a teenager. Ayer lived with his cousin in Los Angeles, California, where his experiences in South Central Los Angeles became the inspiration for many of his films. Ayer dropped out of high school and painted houses for a living. Ayer enlisted in the United States Navy as a submarine sonar technician (STS) aboard the USS Haddo (SSN-604)
Career
Ayer's screenplay, U-571 was based on his experiences as a submariner in the US Navy. Ayer collaborated on the screenplay for The Fast and the Furious in 2001. Ayer wrote the screenplay for crime drama Dark Blue, and it was his research into the Los Angeles Police Department that led to his most prominent screenplay, Training Day. Ayer signed a contract to write a screenplay for S.W.A.T., which was based on his original story pitch. The film was directed by Clark Johnson and released in 2003.
In 2006, screenwriter David Ayer admitted that U-571 had distorted history, and said that he would not do it again. He told BBC Radio 4's The Film Programme that he "did not feel good" about suggesting that Americans, rather than the British, had captured the naval Enigma cipher: "It was a distortion ... a mercenary decision ... to create this parallel history in order to drive the film for an American audience. Both my grandparents were officers in the Second World War, and I would be personally offended if somebody distorted their achievements."
Ayer's directorial debut was with the film Harsh Times, an action-drama set on the streets of South Central Los Angeles, showing how drug use and past military experiences affects people's attempts to lead normal lives. He went on to direct the action thriller Street Kings, which was released in 2008.
Ayer later wrote and directed End of Watch, an action thriller about the daily lives of two South Central Los Angeles policemen, played by Jake Gyllenhaal and Michael Peña. The film was released in the fall of 2012 to profitable box-office returns and favorable reception from critics, with Roger Ebert naming it as the fourth-best film of 2012, hailing it as "one of the best police movies in recent years". His next film was the action thriller Sabotage, starring Arnold Schwarzenegger; the film was released on March 28, 2014. He wrote and directed the World War II-set action film, Fury, starring Brad Pitt, Shia LaBeouf and Logan Lerman; the film was released in October 2014.
Ayer wrote and directed the film adaptation of the comic book Suicide Squad, which was released on August 5, 2016. The film, along with Ayer's directing, received negative reviews, though it became his most commercially successful film to date.
Ayer also directed Bright, "a contemporary cop thriller, but with fantastical elements", starring Will Smith and Joel Edgerton with a script penned by Max Landis that Ayer rewrote. Netflix picked up the film for a $90 million deal. The film was released on December 22, 2017. On January 3, 2018, Netflix confirmed they were moving ahead with the sequel for Bright, with Smith and Edgerton reprising their roles and Ayer directing and writing the script with Evan Spiliotopoulos, the filming of which began in March 2019.
This ultimately did not happen due to Will Smith's schedule, and on May 5, 2020, he was replaced with Louise Leterrier as David Ayer wanted to focus on The Dirty Dozen for Warner Brothers.
On December 13, 2016, Ayer was brought on board to direct the spin-off of Suicide Squad, Gotham City Sirens, which evolved into Birds of Prey, directed by Cathy Yan, and starring Margot Robbie reprising her role of Harley Quinn. Gotham City Sirens remained in development, but as of April 2021, Gotham City Sirens has been put on pause.
He was also contracted by Universal Pictures to direct a remake of Scarface starring Diego Luna, but was let go because his script was too violent.
Ayer established Cedar Park Entertainment on January 4, 2018, with former head of programming at Audience Network, Chris Long. Primarily established to produce films and television shows, the first film Cedar Park produced was 2020's The Tax Collector, Ayer's second collaboration with actor Shia LaBeouf. On June 21, 2018, it set a first look deal with Entertainment One, and it will cover television series, both scripted and unscripted.
In May 2022, Ayer signed on to direct action thriller The Beekeeper for Miramax, written by Kurt Wimmer and starring Jason Statham, with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer later acquiring domestic distribution rights.
Filmography
Film
Cameo roles
Television
Other roles
References
External links
1968 births
American male screenwriters
Film directors from Illinois
Film directors from Maryland
Film directors from Minnesota
Living people
Mass media people from Bethesda, Maryland
People from Bloomington, Minnesota
People from Champaign, Illinois
United States Navy sailors
Action film directors
Writers from Los Angeles
Science fiction film directors
Film directors from Los Angeles
Screenwriters from California
Screenwriters from Illinois
Screenwriters from Minnesota
Screenwriters from Maryland
American Christians | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Ayer |
Oradell is a grade-level commuter rail station for New Jersey Transit in the borough of Oradell, Bergen County, New Jersey. Located at the intersection of Oradell Avenue (County Route 80) and Maple Avenue, the station serves trains on the Pascack Valley Line.
History
Service in Oradell began on March 4, 1870, when the Hackensack and New York Extension Railroad opened service from Anderson Street station in Hackensack to the station in Hillsdale. The station depot was rebuilt in 1890 when the station was part of the New Jersey and New York Railroad, which was part of the Erie Railroad. The borough of Oradell bought the station on November 23, 1966.
The station house has been listed in the state and federal registers of historic places since 1984 and is part of the Operating Passenger Railroad Stations Thematic Resource.
Station layout
The station has one track and one low-level side platform. Three permit parking lots area available, with 117, 86 and 20 spots, respectively. Parking is operated by the Borough of Oradell.
References
External links
Borough of Oradell
Station and Station House from Oradell Avenue from Google Maps Street View
National Register of Historic Places in Bergen County, New Jersey
NJ Transit Rail Operations stations
Oradell, New Jersey
Queen Anne architecture in New Jersey
Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in New Jersey
Railway stations in Bergen County, New Jersey
New Jersey Register of Historic Places
Former Erie Railroad stations
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1870
1870 establishments in New Jersey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oradell%20station |
Edmund Tremayne (c. 1525–1582) was an English conspirator and official He was dedicated to Protestant causes, in opposition to the policy of the Catholic Queen Mary Tudor.
Background
He was the second son and one of sixteen children of Thomas Tremayne of Collacombe, Lamerton, Devon and his wife Phillipa Grenville, eldest daughter of Roger Grenville of Stow. The Tremaynes were a Devon branch of an old Cornish family. He inherited the family estates at Collacombe on the death of his elder brother Roger in 1572, and extensively rebuilt the manor house.
Conspirator
Tremayne was in the service of Edward Courtenay, 1st Earl of Devon, who, as a great-grandson and last male heir of King Edward IV, had a strong claim to the English Crown. Devon was suspected of involvement in Wyatt's rebellion against Mary, and Tremayne was taken to the Tower of London in 1554. There he was tortured on the rack to make him give evidence but kept silent. After ten or eleven months in prison, he was released on a £40 fine, and he left England for Italy with Courtenay. Courtenay, while glad of his companionship, privately said that Tremayne had been foolish to flee England, thus leaving himself open to a charge of treason.
Courtenay died in Padua in early September 1556, probably of natural causes, despite rumours of poisoning. Tremayne then sought to join Sir Henry Sutton Dudley's conspiracy against Mary, and he joined the camp of English rebels at Rouen before the conspiracy exploded in April 1557. He then attached himself to Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford, who was another leading conspirator against Mary.
Career under Elizabeth
When Elizabeth assumed the throne, she rewarded Tremayne. He was elected a Member of Parliament for Tavistock, although he took little part in Parliamentary business, and he was raised to the office of commissioner of Lancaster. From 1561–1574, he was the chief receiver of royal taxes in nine counties. He was also interested in the conversion of Ireland. William Cecil had asked him to study the question, and he wrote Causes why Ireland is not Reformed. He served. as Chief Secretary for Ireland 1569–71. In 1571, he was a clerk of the Privy Council. He continued to take an interest in Irish affairs, and visited Ireland again in 1573.
Family
He did not marry until 1576, when he married Eulalia St. Leger, daughter of Sir John St.Leger of Annery, Monkleigh and Catherine Neville, daughter of George Nevill, 5th Baron Bergavenny, by whom he had two children: his son Francis outlived him by only a few weeks. Collacombe then passed to Edmund's next brother Degory. Eulalia remarried Tristam Arscott (1544-1621) of Tetcott, and had further issue.
Tremayne was very close to Sir Francis Drake, who was his cousin. When the Queen entrusted him with the task of registering the bullion which Drake had brought back on the Golden Hind, she told him to lay aside ten thousand pounds worth of bullion for Drake's personal profit, but to keep this a strict secret. He was appointed to investigate the charges made against Drake by the Spanish Ambassador of his excessive cruelty to Spanish prisoners. To no one's surprise, he cleared Drake of all charges.
References
Bartlett, Kenneth R. "Edward Tremayne". In Matthew, H.C.G. and Brian Harrison, eds. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. vol. 55, 283–284. London: OUP, 2004.
Specific
1520s births
1582 deaths
English rebels
Clerks
Prisoners in the Tower of London
English MPs 1559
English MPs 1572–1583
Chief Secretaries for Ireland
Clerks of the Privy Council | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund%20Tremayne |
The Green Room () is a 1978 French historical drama film directed by François Truffaut, based on the 1895 short story "The Altar of the Dead" by Henry James, in which a man becomes obsessed with the dead people in his life and builds a memorial to them. It is also based on two other works by James: the 1903 novella The Beast in the Jungle and the 1896 short story "The Way It Came". It was Truffaut's seventeenth feature film as a director and the third and last of his own films in which he acted in a leading role. It stars Truffaut, Nathalie Baye, Jean Dasté and Patrick Maléon.
Truffaut spent several years working on the film's script and felt a special connection to the theme of honouring and remembering the dead. In the film, he included portraits of people from his own life at the main character's "Altar of the Dead". The Green Room was one of Truffaut's most praised films, and also one of his least successful financially.
Plot
The action takes place ten years after the end of World War I in a small town in France. The protagonist, Julien Davenne, is a war veteran who works as an editor at the newspaper, The Globe. He specializes in funeral announcements ("a virtuoso of the obituary", as defined by its editor-in-chief) and the thought of death haunts him. Davenne has reserved a room for the worship of his wife, Julie, on the upper floor of the house he shares with his elderly housekeeper, Mrs. Rambaud, and Georges, a deaf-mute boy. His wife had died eleven years previously, at the height of her beauty.
During a thunderstorm, a fire destroys the green room, Davenne managing to save only pictures and portraits of his wife. On discovering an abandoned chapel in ruins, at the same cemetery where Julie is buried, Julien decides to consecrate it not only to his wife but to all the cemetery's dead, having reached "that point in life where you know more dead than alive." The place is transformed into a forest of lighted candles, with photos of all the people he treasured in life.
To keep the chapel, Davenne calls a young woman, Cécilia, secretary of the auction house that has regained a ring that had belonged to Julie. The friendship between the two seems to evolve when Paul Massigny, a French politician and Davenne's former best friend, dies. The film suggests that Massigny once betrayed Davenne but does not say what constituted the betrayal. When Davenne first visits Cécilia at home, Davenne discovers that the living room is full of pictures of Massigny and, without asking for explanations, leaves.
At the chapel, Cecilia tells him that she was one of Massigny's many women and still loves him. She requests that Massigny be represented by one of the candles on the altar. After being rebuffed by Davenne, Cecilia breaks off the relationship and he breaks down. He locks himself away at home, refusing to eat, to see the doctor, or talk. The managing editor of The Globe recommends that Cécilia write him a letter. She finally declares her love, knowing he would never reciprocate, "because to be loved by you, I should be dead." Having forgiven Massigny, Davenne joins her in the chapel, but he is weakened, falls to the ground and dies. Cécilia completes the work, as she had asked the first time, dedicating one last candle to Julien Davenne.
Cast
Production
Background and writing
Truffaut first began work on The Green Room in December 1970 after reading the works of Henry James. Truffaut especially liked "The Altar of the Dead" and asked his friend Aimée Alexandre to translate a new French version for him. Alexandre also recommended works by Anton Chekov and Leo Tolstoy with similar themes, while Truffaut did his own research on James's life and visited his home in Boston. Truffaut worked on other projects until 1974, when a new French version of the short story was published, renewing his interest. Truffaut commented on the film, "the story was difficult to construct, but at the same time, I was attracted to the subject." In July of that year he then reached a contract agreement with screenwriter Jean Gruault to begin drafting a film adaptation. Truffaut and Gruault had previously collaborated on Jules and Jim (1962), The Wild Child (1970), and Two English Girls (1971).
For several years Truffaut had become increasingly interested in people from his life who had died, beginning with his mentor and father-figure André Bazin, who had died the day before Truffaut began shooting his first feature, The 400 Blows. Truffaut told a reporter for L'Express: "I'm faithful to the dead, I live with them. I'm forty-five and already beginning to be surrounded by dead people." In 1977 Truffaut lost two other important father-figures: Cinémathèque Française director Henri Langlois and Roberto Rossellini, whom Truffaut called "the most intelligent man, with André Bazin" during an interview with Le Matin de Paris. Around this time Truffaut had watched Shoot the Piano Player and noticed that half the actors had since died. In an interview with L'Humanité-Dimanche magazine Truffaut asked "Why not have the same range of feelings for the dead as for the living, the same aggressive or affectionate relationship?" and added that he wanted to film "what it would be like to show on screen a man who refuses to forget the dead." According to him, The Green Room is not the worshipping of death, but an extension of the love for the people that we have met and who are no longer alive, and the idea that they have a permanency. What matters is that Davenne refuses to forget, and this refusal is important for Truffaut.
Truffaut recommended that Gruault read James's 1903 novella The Beast in the Jungle and 1896 short story "The Way It Came", which were also incorporated into the film. Truffaut also wanted to change the setting of the original story to 1920s France with World War I as a major factor in the plot. In fact, he stated that he chose to adapt Henry James’ 1928 themes because he wanted to link them directly with the memory of the First World War. The idea of massacre, millions of deaths, is not evoked as effectively by the Second World War. By spring 1975, Gruault had finished a first draft called La Fiancée disparue (The Vanished Fiancée). Truffaut thought the script was too long and Gruault made cuts. Truffaut's continuing requests for script modifications caused Gruault to become dissatisfied working with him. Truffaut, also busy writing the script for Alain Resnais's Mon oncle d'Amérique, put the entire project on hold and eventually shot Small Change and The Man Who Loved Women. He continued to research the themes of The Green Room, reread Marcel Proust's Remembrance of Things Past and Japanese literature such as the works of Jun'ichirō Tanizaki. He also asked Éric Rohmer for help with the script, but the material thus far produced did not interest the director.
In October 1976, Truffaut showed a new draft to Gruault, which now included a deaf-mute child as the main character Julien Davenne's protégé, and had Davenne work as an obituary writer in a small Parisian magazine. The presence of Paul Massigny was also vital for the development of the story. Indeed, Truffaut stated that without Massigny there would be no film because it would be too static, and that The Green Room is a tale in which Massigny is the anti-hero. Gruault finished a new version of the script by February 1977. Truffaut worked on it with his assistant Suzanne Schiffman and completed the final draft in May 1977.
Casting
For the lead role of Julien Davenne, Truffaut first wanted to cast actor Charles Denner, but he was not available. Because of the personal nature of the film and the character of Julien Davenne, Truffaut decided to play the part, stating that "this film is like a handwritten letter. If you write by hand, it isn’t perfect, the writing may be shaky, but it is you, your writing." . This decision was not simply taken because Truffaut embodied the character, but because Davenne’s obsession, what he does throughout the whole film, what defines him, that is, keeping the memory of the dead alive, refusing to forget them, linked in a way to the activity of the director. Specifically, he felt a closeness to the character of Davenne, due to his own valuations of remembrance of the dead as helping in the "struggle against the transience of life". Despite his strong feeling for the character, Truffaut was hesitant about the role and thought he may be perceived as too old. He had a wig made, but ended up not using it.. It was Truffaut's third and last of his own film in which he played a leading role. According to co-star Nathalie Baye, Truffaut almost shut the film down for fear of a bad performance: "He would say to me, 'It's madness; it will never work!' And he came close to wanting to stop everything."
Baye was cast as Cécilia after having worked with her in Day for Night and The Man Who Loved Women. Baye later stated that "If Francois asked me to perform with him, it was because he knew I wasn't the kind of actress who caused problems. He could rely on me, which was very reassuring to him." Truffaut filled out the cast with Jean Dasté as Davenne's boss at The Globe, Antoine Vitez as a clergyman, Jean-Pierre Moulin as a widower that Davenne comforts in the film and Patrick Maléon as the deaf-mute child. Truffaut also cast technicians and personnel from his production company in small roles.
When asked about the message of The Green Room, Truffaut said "I am for the woman and against the man. As this century approaches its end, people are becoming more stupid and suicidal, and we must fight against this. The Green Room is not a fable, not a psychological picture. The moral is: One must deal with the living! This man has neglected life. Here we have a breakdown of the idea of survival."
Filming
The Green Room was shot in the fall of 1977 in Honfleur, France with a budget of 3 million francs provided by United Artists. That summer, Truffaut scouted locations and hired his longtime collaborator, Néstor Almendros, as cinematographer. To give the film a Gothic look, Almendros used candle light as both source and practical lighting, with electrical lights used to "exploit the contrast between electric light and a flood of candlelight to give the film a ghostly quality." Truffaut also intended a resulting lack of colour throughout filming, condemning colour as a removal of the final "barrier" between film and reality: "If there is nothing false in a film, then it is not a film." Almendros later said that, despite the film's somber tone, "this film was put together with joy, and the shooting was the most pleasant" of his career. Many of the scenes were shot in the four-story Maison Troublet in Honfleur. This house and its grounds included sets for many of the film's main locations: Davenne's house, his office at The Globe and the auction room.
Other locations included the Caen cemetery and the Carbec Chapel in Saint-Pierre-du-Val. The chapel was used for Davenne's shrine to the dead, with Jean-Pierre Kohut-Svelko designing the set inside. Among the portraits included in the shrine are Henry James, Oscar Wilde, an old man who played a small role in Truffaut's Two English Girls, actor Oskar Werner in a World War I uniform, Jacques Audiberti, Jean Cocteau, Maurice Jaubert, Raymond Queneau, Jeanne Moreau and her sister Michelle Moreau, Louise Lévêque de Vilmorin, Aimée Alexandre, Oscar Lewenstein, Marcel Proust, Guillaume Apollinaire and Sergei Prokofiev, many of whom were idolised figures of Truffaut's .
Filming began on October 11, 1977 and lasted until November 27, 1977. The atmosphere on the set was especially fun and Nathalie Baye revealed that she and Truffaut often had laughing fits during takes. However, she also admits to having found it difficult to receive comprehensive direction from Truffaut, as he remained highly focused on his own performance. Baye also had difficulty performing alongside Truffuat, due to his "expressionless, nearly mechanical" approach to acting, which required her to adjust her own approaches accordingly.
Themes
Since the semi-autobiographical The 400 Blows (1959), it has been noted that Truffaut often portrayed personal experiences and emotions throughout his films. Via such expressionistic use of the medium, he proclaimed himself as a film auteur, within a theory of film as art which he personally advocated as a director and a critic. As a result, Truffaut's films often appeared to focus on certain themes and stylisations, such as the vitality of youth and childhood, particularly embodied by the character of Antoine Doinel, who is a recurring presence across a number of his films. The Green Room however was made towards the end of Truffaut's career, and thematically the film contrasts to his earlier works. The Green Room appears to reminisce on childhood, whilst focusing more on the final stages of life, as Truffaut expresses his views of death and remembrance of the dead. This theme for a film had "preoccupied him for several years and had been accentuated by the deaths of numerous friends and colleagues", such as those who previously worked alongside him on Shoot the Piano Player. Nonetheless, the alternative theme of the film again reflects Truffaut's sense of personal expressionism throughout his career. When asked "what do you make of the contradiction between the cult of death and the love of the life?" Truffaut replied "it's the theme of the film." Gillain wrote that the film "points to cinema as a celebration of memory." Yet, also thematic throughout The Green Room is a familiar "estrangement from human contact and romantic obsession", which has been prominent in "most of the films that Truffaut has made over a period of twenty years."
Music
Truffaut chose pre-recorded music from composer Maurice Jaubert's 1936 "Concert Flamand", whose work he had already used four times, and played it on set in order to create a rhythm and establish a religious, ritualistic atmosphere for the cast and crew. As Truffaut has stated, both camera and actors movements follow Jaubert's music rhythm. Filmmaker François Porcile later said "It's not surprising to find, in the sudden explosive tension and somber conviction of his acting, a direct echo of Jaubert's style, with its gathering momentum and sudden restraint, its reticence and violence." Truffaut explained: "I realized that his music, full of clarity and sunlight, was the best to accompany the memory of all these dead." However, an infrequent use of music throughout the final film sees a consistent quietness take place, which is regarded to have masked "an exploration of human isolation in an inhuman society and of the strength and limitations of moral and aesthetic purity." Gillain wrote that the film is cut like a musical composition and that each scene "performs a suite of variations on a single theme."
Release and reception
Truffaut completed the editing of The Green Room in March 1978 and showed it to his trusted friends and co-workers, who immediately praised the film and called it one of his best. Many wrote to him via letter, such as Isabelle Adjani, who stated: 'Of all your films it is the one that most moved me and spoke to me, along with Two English Girls. I felt good crying in your presence.' Alain Delon told Truffaut: "The Green Room, along with Clément, Visconti and very few others, is part of my secret garden." Éric Rohmer said to him: 'I found your film deeply moving. I found you deeply moving in your film.' Antoine Vitez told Truffaut: 'I haven't yet told you the emotion I felt on seeing The Green Room. What I see in it, deep down, is kindness, and that's what touches me most. Thank you for having included me in it.'
Publicly, The Green Room was Truffaut's biggest financial failure, but one of his most critically praised films. One major French film critic, François Chalais of Le Figaro, disliked the film, but Truffaut received high praise elsewhere. Pascal Bonitzer viewed the film as 'most profound, and without much exaggeration, one of the most beautiful French films of recent years', and that 'it is not for nothing that Truffaut embodies his character, and that in the latter, Julien Davenne, the author and the actor are entwined in the tightest possible way...rarely does a filmmaker involve himself to that point - involving his body (and note all the ambiguity of the word in the context of this funeral film) and even his dead; mixing together Julien Davenne's dead with those of François Truffaut in the flaming chapel where the film comes to an end.' Joel Magny called Davenne the ultimate 'truffaldian' hero, 'unable to live the present moment in the fullness of his being, where he is...in a perpetual time-lag with reality'. The French magazine Télérama called Davenne 'l'homme qui aimait les flammes' ('the man who loves the flames'). Jean-Louis Bory of Le Nouvel Observateur wrote that: 'In its simple and pure line, it resembles a cinematic testament. There will be other Truffaut films, but none that will ever be more intimate, more personal, more wrenching than this Green Room, altar of the dead.'
The Green Room was released on April 5, 1978 and was a financial failure, selling slightly more than 30,000 tickets (it has sold 161,293 admissions total as of 2015). Truffaut knew that a film about death would be difficult to market or attract an audience, but felt strongly that 'this kind of theme can touch a deep chord in many people. Everyone has their dead.' He hoped that the film would connect with the audience, and stated that he wanted people to watch it with their jaws dropped, moving from one astonishing moment to the next.
Truffaut took a personal interest in promoting the film and hired renowned press agent, Simon Misrahi, in his determination to make the film reach a larger audience, despite its subject matter. A few days before the film's premiere, Truffaut completely changed his approach, putting more emphasis on his own track record as a filmmaker and the presence of rising star, Nathalie Baye. In a television appearance to promote the film, Truffaut showed two scenes from the film that had nothing to do with the dead. Truffaut was extremely upset by the film's financial failure, and referred to it as "The Empty Room". He publicly stated that he would not act again for at least ten years, and admitted to Paris Match that he regretted not casting Charles Denner in the lead role. Truffaut later blamed United Artists for not promoting the film properly, which led to his breaking from the US company for the first time in over ten years. His next film, made independently of American influence, would be L'amour en fuite/Love on the Run.
Truffaut premiered The Green Room in the US at the 1978 New York Film Festival, where its reception was again ill-fated. Vincent Canby, writing for The New York Times, gave the film a mixed review and criticized Truffaut's performance, saying that: 'Truffaut does not make it easy for us to respond to Davenne'. Canby went on to call the film 'a most demanding, original work and one must meet it on its own terms, without expectations of casual pleasures'. Dave Kehr, in the Chicago Reader, said that the film 'dead-ends in sheer neurosis' while praising the cinematography. A negative review from Time Out blamed the film's 'failure' on 'Truffaut's lack of range as an actor [which] is not helped by the script's purple prose'. Truffaut himself eventually reflected on the reception of The Green Room as a case where he was able to 'get out of trouble', rather than simply assert 'I succeeded', in relation to the commercial failure but general critical success of the film.
On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a rating of 38%, based on 8 reviews, earning an average rating of 5.5 out of 10.
Awards and nominations
References
Bibliography
Articles
Article Unknown, L'Aurore, April 3, 1978, cited in Baecque, Antoine de; Toubiana, Serge (1999), Francois Truffaut: a Biography. New York: Knopf.
Article Unknown, L'Express, March 3, 1978, cited in Baecque, Antoine de; Toubiana, Serge (1999), Francois Truffaut: a Biography. New York: Knopf.
Article Unknown, L'Humanité-Dimanche, June 5, 1977, cited in Baecque, Antoine de; Toubiana, Serge (1999), Francois Truffaut: a Biography. New York: Knopf.
Article Unknown, Le Nouvelle Observateur, April 3, 1978, cited in Baecque, Antoine de; Toubiana, Serge (1999), Francois Truffaut: a Biography. New York: Knopf.
Article Unknown, Paris Match, May 4, 1978, cited in Baecque, Antoine de; Toubiana, Serge (1999), Francois Truffaut: a Biography. New York: Knopf.
Books
*
External links
1978 films
1978 drama films
1970s French-language films
1970s historical drama films
Films about grieving
Films based on multiple works
Films based on novellas
Films based on short fiction
Films based on works by Henry James
Films directed by François Truffaut
Films set in the 1920s
Films shot in Normandy
Films with screenplays by François Truffaut
French historical drama films
1970s French films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Green%20Room%20%28film%29 |
Allan Cole (November 19, 1943 – March 29, 2019) was an American author and television writer, who wrote or co-wrote nearly thirty books.
The son of a CIA operative, Cole was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and raised in Europe, the Middle East and the Far East. He collaborated with Chris Bunch on the Sten science fiction series, as well the Far Kingdoms Series, and the historical novels, A Reckoning for Kings and A Daughter of Liberty. He coauthored a non-fiction book—A Cop's Life—with his uncle, Thomas Grubb; and a fantasy novel—Lords of Terror—with Russian author Nick Perumov. His solo books include the fantasy novels that make up the Timura Trilogy, and the thrillers Dying Good and Drowned Hopes.
He sold more than a hundred television episodes, including ones for Quincy, M.E., The Rockford Files, The Incredible Hulk, Dinosaucers, Buck Rogers in the 25th Century, Magnum, P.I., Werewolf, and Walker, Texas Ranger.
He was also a Los Angeles newspaper editor and investigative reporter for 14 years.
Cole was married to Bunch's sister, Kathryn. He died of cancer in Boca Raton, Florida, aged 75, on March 29, 2019.
Novels and series co-authored with Chris Bunch
Sten
Known as The Sten Chronicles (or sometimes the Sten Adventures), this series of books is set in the far future of mankind. While the main draw of the series was the action and understated humor, the series was actually a political critique. It had seemed to Bunch and Cole that entirely too many science fiction authors were enamored with monarchies and their consequent fascist (although benevolent) ideals. They wanted to write a series to show the realities of politics and power and to place a working-class man into this series, letting the reader see through his eyes and watch as he grows to be a real, and realistic, hero.
Sten (1982) ()
The Wolf Worlds (1984) ()
The Court of a Thousand Suns (1985) ()
Fleet of the Damned (1988) ()
Revenge of the Damned (1989) ()
The Return of the Emperor (1990) ()
Vortex (1992) ()
Empire's End (1993) ()
Anteros
The Far Kingdoms (1985) ()
The Warrior's Tale (1994) ()
Kingdoms of the Night (1995) ()
The Warrior Returns (1996) ()
Novels
A Reckoning for Kings (1987; )
References
External links
Allan Cole's World Of Fantasy & Science Fiction—official site
1943 births
2019 deaths
20th-century American journalists
20th-century American male writers
20th-century American non-fiction writers
20th-century American novelists
American fantasy writers
American historical novelists
American investigative journalists
American male journalists
American male non-fiction writers
American male novelists
American male screenwriters
American male television writers
American science fiction writers
American television writers
Deaths from cancer in Florida
Editors of California newspapers
Journalists from California
Novelists from Pennsylvania
Screenwriters from California
Screenwriters from Pennsylvania
Writers from Los Angeles
Writers from Philadelphia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan%20Cole |
Agnes Irwin (December 30, 1841 – December 5, 1914) was an American educator, best known as the first dean of Radcliffe College (1894–1909). Prior to that, she served as the principal of the West Penn Square Seminary for Young Ladies in Philadelphia (later renamed as the Agnes Irwin School).
Formative years
Born in Washington, D.C., on December 30, 1841, Agnes Irwin was a daughter of United States Congressman William Wallace Irwin (1803–1856) and Sophia Arabella (Bache) Irwin (1815–1904), a native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, who was a daughter of Richard Bache, Jr. of the Republic of Texas Navy and Second Texas Legislature (1847), and Sophia Burrell Dallas, daughter of Arabella Maria Smith and Alexander J. Dallas, an American statesman who served as the U.S. Treasury Secretary under President James Madison.
Agnes Irwin was also a great-granddaughter of Sarah Franklin Bache and Richard Bache, and the great-great-granddaughter of Benjamin Franklin, as well as a grandniece of George Mifflin Dallas, the 11th Vice President of the United States, serving under James K. Polk.
During her formative years, Agnes Irwin was raised in Copenhagen, Denmark, where her father was serving as Minister Resident to Denmark. Following the completion of his service to the United States in that role, she returned with her family to Washington, D.C., where she subsequently became a witness to the impact that the American Civil War had on the nation's capital during its first year (1861). After relocating to what she and her parents hoped would be a safer area for her in New York in 1862, she arrived around the same time as the New York City draft riots were beginning.
Academic career
In 1869, Irwin took over the administration of West Penn Square Seminary for Young Ladies (1869–1894) in Philadelphia and transformed it into an institution of disciplined teaching. The school was ultimately renamed in her honor. Believing in the importance of higher education for women, she was among the first to prepare students for the examinations given by Harvard College, to credential women for teaching, and by Bryn Mawr College, to qualify for entrance. The success of The Agnes Irwin School won Irwin the support of Harvard’s president, Charles William Eliot, and led to her selection as first dean of Radcliffe College in 1894, a position she held until September 1, 1909.
During her tenure as dean at Radcliffe College, the number of graduates increased from fewer than one hundred to more than one thousand. In addition, multiple major buildings were added, including Agassiz House, Barnard, Bertram, Grace Hopkinson Eliot and Whitman Halls, Greenleaf House, four dormitories, a gymnasium, and the library. Irwin also personally paid for two exam proctors to assist with Helen Keller's education—one to monitor Keller and the other to watch Keller's proctor.
In 1900, Irwin was appointed by Governor Roger Wolcott to the Board of Managers for Massachusetts at the Paris Exposition. She was then appointed by Governor John L. Bates to the Massachusetts State Commission for the Adult Blind in 1903, a post she held until 1905.
From 1911-1914, Irwin served as the first president of the Headmistresses’ Association of Private Schools.
Awards and other honors
Irwin was the recipient of 3 Honorary Degrees:
1895 – Degree Unknown – Western University of Pennsylvania (Now University of Pittsburgh)
1898 – LittD. – University of Pennsylvania
1906 – Hood 8 Degree bestowed by Andrew Carnegie – University of St. Andrews
Illness, death and interment
Irwin fell ill with pneumonia in Philadelphia in 1914, and died at her home there at 2027 De Lancey Place on December 5, 1914. She was interred at Philadelphia's Saint James the Less Episcopal Churchyard.
Legacy
Irwin was the subject of a 1934 biography by Agnes Repplier.
Today, The Agnes Irwin School continues to be a leader in girls' education with approximately 600 girls enrolled in pre-kindergarten to twelfth grades. The school is currently located in suburban Rosemont, Pennsylvania, ten miles west of Philadelphia. In September 2015, English primatologist and anthropologist Jane Goodall gave a presentation to the student body, explaining her pioneering research work with chimpanzees and discussing the continuing need for environmental activism.
References
External links
1841 births
1914 deaths
Educators from Philadelphia
American women educators
Radcliffe College faculty
Franklin family
Educators from Washington, D.C.
Deaths from pneumonia in Pennsylvania | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnes%20Irwin%20%28educator%29 |
Emerson is an active commuter railroad station in the borough of Emerson, Bergen County, New Jersey. The station, serviced by trains of the Pascack Valley Line from Spring Valley in Rockland County, New York to Hoboken Terminal in Hudson County, New Jersey, is located at the intersection of Kinderkamack Road (County Route 503) and Linwood Avenue in Emerson. The next station to the north is Westwood while the next to the south is Oradell. The station has a single track and single low-level side platform along Kinderkamack Road, without handicap accessibility under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.
Rail service through Emerson began on March 4, 1870, with the opening of the Hackensack and New York Extension Railroad from Anderson Street station in Hackensack to Hillsdale station in the eponymous borough. At the time of opening, the station was known as Kinderkamack. The area of Kinderkamack changed its name to Etna in 1877 when the post office changed. This changed in 1909 to Emerson.
Station layout
The station has one track and one low-level side platform. Permit parking is operated by the Borough of Emerson. Three permit parking lots area available, with 38, 20 and 44 spots, respectively.
References
External links
Borough of Emerson
Red and Tan Lines / Rockland Coaches site
Station and Station House from Google Maps Street View
Emerson, New Jersey
NJ Transit Rail Operations stations
Railway stations in Bergen County, New Jersey
Former Erie Railroad stations
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1870
1870 establishments in New Jersey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emerson%20station%20%28NJ%20Transit%29 |
Lesnoy (masculine), Lesnaya (feminine), or Lesnoye (neuter) may refer to:
Places
Lesnoy District, a district of Tver Oblast, Russia
Lesnoy Urban Settlement, a municipal formation which the Work Settlement of Lesnoy in Pushkinsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia is incorporated as
Lesnoye Urban Settlement, a municipal formation which the Urban-Type Settlement of Lesnoy in Verkhnekamsky District of Kirov Oblast, Russia is incorporated as
Lesnoy, Russia (Lesnaya, Lesnoye), several inhabited localities in Russia
Lesnoy, alternative name of Meşəli, Khojali, Azerbaijan
Lesnoy, Belarus, the town in Minsk region of Belarus
Other uses
Lesnoy (surname)
3482 Lesnaya, a minor planet
Lesnaya (Saint Petersburg Metro), a station of the St. Petersburg Metro, St. Petersburg, Russia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesnoy |
Theodore Greene (September 26, 1946 – July 23, 2005) was an American fingerstyle jazz guitarist, columnist, session musician and educator in Encino, California.
Career
Greene began his own guitar studies at the age of 11, and was an accomplished player while still in high school, occasionally collaborating with local rock and R&B bands. He briefly studied accounting at California State University, Northridge, but dropped out to devote his time to music.
In the 1960s he was a member of the rock band Natural Selection and a blues rock group called Bluesberry Jam, which included future Canned Heat drummer Fito de la Parra. He was a friend and collaborator with Joseph Byrd, on whose Columbia Masterworks album The American Metaphysical Circus he was featured (he also provided the whimsical name of the studio band who performed it, "The Field Hippies"). During the late 1960s and early 1970s he did commercial studio work with Byrd. He was again called on in 1977 to provide guitar tablature for three arrangements of Bix Beiderbecke's piano music for the Ry Cooder album Jazz, which Byrd arranged and produced.
Although Greene is often regarded as a jazz musician, he played many musical styles. He was known to guitarists for his role as a music educator, which included private teaching, seminars at the Guitar Institute of Technology, columns for Guitar Player magazine, and his instructional books on harmony, chord melody, and single-note soloing. A voracious reader of almost any book on music theory, especially from the common practice period (circa 1600–1900) he distilled complex concepts regarding the structure of western music and would write out more accessible versions for students to understand (handed out to students in the form of lesson "sheets"), often applying keyboard concepts to the guitar. For example, many transcriptions of the chorales of J. S. Bach would be re-written for guitar with useful analysis applicable to any musical setting.
He would also make occasional live appearances at clubs in the San Fernando Valley, usually playing a Fender Telecaster.
Greene typically worked as a vocal accompanist, which he preferred because he found group settings restrictive. While he was a sought-after session musician, he derived much of his income from tutoring. He wrote four books on the subject of jazz guitar performance and theory: Chord Chemistry, Modern Chord Progressions: Jazz and Classical Voicings for Guitar, and the two-volume Jazz Guitar: Single Note Soloing.
His playing style included techniques such as harp-like arpeggios combined with gentle, tasteful neck vibrato, creating a "shimmer" to his sound. Other notable techniques included playing songs with a walking bass line with simultaneous melodies. Greene used counterpoint to improvise in a variety of styles, playing, for instance, a jazz standard such as Autumn Leaves in Baroque style. He used a large variety of chord voicings, often creating the effect of two simultaneous players.
Greene recorded one album, Solo Guitar, which was produced by William Perry and Leon White, and released in 1977 on PMP Records. The album contains no overdubbing (recording on multiple tracks).
Although not well known to the public, Greene was respected by guitarists. Guitarist Steve Vai has praised Greene's musical knowledge and perceptiveness on Solo Guitar, stating that Greene "is totally in touch with the potential of harmonic constructions" which allows him to create an "organic and inspired listening delight." In a 1982 discussion with Robert Fripp, John McLaughlin described Greene as "really unbelievable", noting that "it's so difficult to move around on a guitar in the harmonic way one can do on a keyboard...He's the only guitar player who accomplishes this thing that really turns me on."
Ted Greene: Sound, Time, and Unlimited Possibility, by guitarist Terrence McManus, published in 2015, is the most complete analysis of Greene's work that exists.
Greene helped Fender design a 1952 Telecaster vintage reissue (their first such reissue) by making reference to his collection of old Telecasters, Broadcasters and Nocasters.
Greene died in his apartment in Encino of a heart attack at the age of 58. In 2009 Barbara Franklin wrote the biography My Life with The Chord Chemist: A Memoir of Ted Greene, Apotheosis of Solo Guitar. She died on August 13, 2011.
Discography
The American Metaphysical Circus by Joe Byrd and the Field Hippies (1969)
Solo Guitar (Art of Life, 1977)
Among Friends by John Pisano (1995)
Conversation Pieces by John Pisano (1997)
Mojo Blues by Will Ray (2002)
John Pisano's Guitar Night by John Pisano (2007)
Publications
Chord Chemistry, Alfred Publishing Company
Modern Chord Progressions, Alfred Publishing Company
Jazz Guitar Single Note Soloing, Volume 1, Alfred Publishing Company
Jazz Guitar Single Note Soloing, Volume 2, Alfred Publishing Company
My Life with the Chord Chemist: A Memoir of Ted Greene, Apotheosis of Solo Guitar by Barbara Franklin
Ted Greene: Sound, Time, and Unlimited Possibility by Terrence McManus
References
External links
Official site
The Ted Greene thesis website
American jazz guitarists
20th-century American educators
1946 births
2005 deaths
20th-century American guitarists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted%20Greene |
Turnabout may refer to:
In film and television:
Turnabout (film), a 1940 comedy directed by Hal Roach, based on a novel by Thorne Smith (see below)
Turnabout, a 2016 drama film directed by E.B. Hughes
Turnabout (game show), a 1990s BBC TV quiz programme
Turnabout (TV series), a 1978–79 United States TV series
In other media:
Turnabout (novel), a novel by Margaret Peterson Haddix
Turnabout, a body swap novel by Thorne Smith
Turnabout (comics), a one-page Disney comic by Carl Barks
Turnabout (video game), a puzzle video game by Artdink
Turnabout, a subsidiary record label of Vox Records
Places:
Turnabout Glacier, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada
Turnabout Lake, Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada
Turnabout River, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada
Turnabout Theatre, a 1940–1950s venue in the city of Los Angeles
Other:
Turnabout (boat), a small trainer sailboat for junior sailors
Another name for Sadie Hawkins dance
See also
Turnaround (disambiguation)
Turn Around (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turnabout |
Alexis (born 2 December 1960) is a German pop and gala singer. She is mainly known for participating in the German "Rudi Carrell Show" (a show similar to "Star Search" or "Pop Idol") in 1989, singing Whitney Houston's song "One Moment In Time" (which brought her a major record deal with Sony Records). She later sang the female lead role on the German Top 10 album "Tabaluga & Lilli" (a conceptual pop record for children, concerning Tabaluga) and later toured Germany with the musical "Tabaluga & Lilli".
Biography
Alexis studied at the German "Stage School of Dance and Drama" from 1986 – 1989.
As a teenager she released her first single, called "Do You Really Want Me," which was produced by Dieter Bohlen's co-producer Luis Rodriguez (Modern Talking, C. C. Catch) and turned into a small club hit in Germany in 1986. A second less successful single followed one year later.
On 21 January 1989, Alexis performed her rendition of Whitney Houston's "One Moment In Time" on the German Rudi Carrell TV show (which had 24 million viewers that night). The "Rudi Carrell Show" was similar to concepts such as "Star Search" or "Pop Idol" and people who performed on that show gained a lot of media attention.
Alexis received offers for a record deal from basically all German record labels, including Sony Records, BMG, Polydor, etc. Alexis chose an exclusive deal with CBS Records (which is a division of Sony Records these days) and began working on her first solo album.
Her first album, simply entitled "Alexis" was released in early 1990. It was produced by Harold Faltermeyer (who wrote the soundtrack for the blockbuster movie "Beverly Hills Cop"), and Gunter Mende & Candy Derouge (who have written songs for Celine Dion and Lory Bianco). Among the songwriters were the German duo Klarmann/Weber (who have already written songs performed by La Toya Jackson or Chaka Khan).
Alexis promoted her debut album on more than 20 prime-time TV shows and she was nominated for the German award "Goldene Europa." Another single, produced by Ralf-René Maué (Samantha Fox) followed in autumn 1990. This, however, was the end of Alexis's collaboration with CBS Records due Sony Records taking over the company in Germany.
In 1992, she released her first single in the German language called "Du Hast So Viel In Dir," which was also the theme of a TV commercial for Granini fruit juice. In the same year she won the annual MMS Music Festival in Portoroz, Slovenia.
In 1993, she was hired by one of Germany's top-selling rock artists, Peter Maffay for his legendary rock musical "Tabaluga" and offered her the part of the female lead role, Lilli. Their duet single "Ich Fühl Wie Du" entered the German Top 100 and the album remained in the Top 10 for three consecutive months.
The musical "Tabaluga and Lilli" went on tour and they did almost 100 shows in the biggest halls of Germany, such as Munich, Berlin or Dortmund. At the end of the year the musical was broadcast on German television.
Alexis recorded two songs for the new Willy Bogner film "White Magic" and worked with Harold Faltermeyer again.
In 1996, she released a single, entitled "Empire of the Champ" (co-written by Alexis), which was her most successful solo hit. Alexis wrote the song for the boxing match between Darius Michalczewski and Rocky Graciano. Vitali Klitschko later used the song as his theme song whenever he did boxing matches.
Alexis has often made guest appearances on other artist's music projects, such as singing on the cover version of Yes` "Owner of A Lonely Heart" for a new dance project called 2 Ruff (the song entered the German Top 100 and peaked at #66). She also worked twice with Edward Simoni.
Alexis lives in Hamburg, Germany and works as a full-time singer.
Discography
Singles
1986: Do You Really Want Me
1987: First Night of Love
1990: Prisoner of Love
1990: Close to Heaven
1990: Lying Eyes
1992: Du hast so viel in dir
1993: Ich fühl wie du (duet with Peter Maffay)
1996: Empire of the Champ
1997: Where Are You?
1999: Eine ferne Melodie (with Edward Simoni)
Albums
1990: Alexis
1999: Eine ferne Melodie (Edward Simoni feat. Alexis)
2004: Schwerelos geborgen (Edward Simoni feat. Alexis)
Other projects
1993: Tabaluga & Lilli (album by Peter Maffay) – 1 duet song
1994: Tabaluga & Lilli (live CD) – 2 titles "Ich fühl wie du"
1994: White Magic (soundtrack) – 1 title "Crystal Dreams"
1998: 2 Ruff feat. Alexis (single) – "Owner of a Lonely Heart"
2000: Harry Calahan feat. Alexis (vinyl DJ maxi) – "Return to the Funk"
References
Living people
English-language singers from Germany
1960 births
Alexis | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexis%20%28singer%29 |
The Family Channel or Family Channel may refer to:
The Family Channel (American TV network, founded 1990), the third former name of Freeform
The Family Channel (American TV network, founded 2008), formerly My Family TV
The Family Channel (British TV channel), a British game show television channel now known as Challenge
Family Channel (Canadian TV channel), a Canadian premium children television channel
See also
Fox Family (disambiguation)
Freeform (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Family%20Channel |
Westwood is an NJ Transit railroad station in Westwood, New Jersey. It is on the Pascack Valley Line and is located at Broadway and Westwood Avenue. The next station northbound, heading toward Spring Valley, New York, is Hillsdale. The next station southbound, headed for Hoboken Terminal, is Emerson. The station consists of one track, one low-level platform with a miniature high-level platform and a station depot maintained by the borough of Westwood. Westwood also maintains the parking lots, consisting of 226 parking spaces, six of which are accessible based on the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990.
History
Westwood station opened on March 4, 1870 as part of the New Jersey and New York Railroad, a long railroad from Pavonia Terminal to Hillsdale. The station lasted until 1932, when after 25 years of fighting between the Erie Railroad and of the borough of Westwood, a new station was built, opening on November 13. In 2020 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Station layout
The station has one track and one low-level side platform. The platform is at Veteran's Memorial Park across from Broadway with its northern end at Washington Avenue and southern end at Jefferson Avenue. Permit parking is operated by the Borough of Westwood. Three permit parking lots area available, with 35, 67, 104 spots, respectively.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Bergen County, New Jersey
References
External links
Station from Jefferson Avenue from Google Maps Street View
Station House from Google Maps Street View
Station from Washington Avenue from Google Maps Street View
NJ Transit Rail Operations stations
Railway stations in Bergen County, New Jersey
Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in New Jersey
National Register of Historic Places in Bergen County, New Jersey
Former Erie Railroad stations
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1870 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westwood%20station%20%28NJ%20Transit%29 |
Two railway stations in Falmouth, Cornwall have been known as Falmouth railway station:
From 1863 to 1970, it was the station now known as Falmouth Docks railway station.
From 1970 to 1975, it was the station now known as Falmouth Town railway station.
Penmere railway station is also in Falmouth.
In the United States, there is also a railway station called Falmouth, which is currently abandoned. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falmouth%20railway%20station |
, whose birth name was , was a daimyō and celebrated master of the Japanese tea ceremony. He was originally a retainer of Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
Biography
His teacher in the tea ceremony was Sen no Rikyū. He became the foremost tea master in the land after Rikyū's death, and taught this art to the shōgun Tokugawa Hidetada. Among his other particularly famous tea ceremony students were Ueda Sōko, Kobori Enshū and Hon'ami Kōetsu.
The kind of tea ceremony that he established is known as Oribe-ryū (see Schools of Japanese tea ceremony), and the style of ceramics that are attributed to his artistic influence are known as Oribe ware. He also designed a style of stone lantern for the roji tea garden, known as Oribe-dōrō.
During the year 1600, Oribe received a 10,000-koku income. During the Osaka Campaign of 1615, Oribe was forced to plot in Kyoto against the Tokugawa, on the behalf of the defenders of Osaka. After this event, Oribe and his son were ordered to commit suicide (seppuku).
Honours
Oribe-dō (織部堂) is a chashitsu at Nagoya Castle dedicated to his memory since he spread the practice of tea in Nagoya. The memorial hall was constructed in 1955.
In media
Hyouge Mono is a Japanese manga written and illustrated by Yoshihiro Yamada. It was adapted into an anime series in 2011, and is a fictional depiction of Oribe's life.
Oribe is the subject of an advertisement by the Furuta Confectionery Company.
References
Further reading
Nakamura Shōsei, "Furuta Oribe and Ennan," in Chanoyu Quarterly no. 17 (1977).
Murai Yasuhiko, "Furuta Oribe," in Chanoyu Quarterly no. 42 (1985).
Murai Yasuhiko, "Rikyū's Disciples," in Chanoyu Quarterly no. 66 (1991).
See also
Ueda Sōko (Shigeyasu)
External links
Daimyo
1545 births
1615 deaths
People from Gifu Prefecture | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furuta%20Oribe |
Anton Tanev (Dontcho) Yugov () (5 August 1904 – 6 July 1991) was a Bulgarian politician who was a leading member of the Bulgarian Communist Party (BCP), and served as Prime Minister of the country from 1956 to 1962. He was an Honorary Citizen of Tirana, Albania.
Yugov was born to a Bulgarian family in Karasuli (Rugunovets), Ottoman Macedonia (today Polykastro, Greece). His family moved to Plovdiv after World War I.
War years and Ministry
Yugov was a prominent figure in the BCP during the Second World War and attempted to reach a settlement with Marshal Josip Broz Tito in Yugoslavia regarding co-operation between both countries' communists. This 1941 initiative was aborted however as Tito would not accept the sacrifice of Macedonia, something upon which Yugov insisted. The two would revisit the issue in 1945 when they discussed the possibility of a Bulgarian-Yugoslav confederation to solve the issue although the United States and United Kingdom raised such objections to the plan that Joseph Stalin personally intervened to tell the two leaders to abandon the idea.
He served as Minister of the Interior from 1944 to 1949. As Interior Minister he oversaw a purge of the army of members of Zveno and fascist sympathisers that became noted for its brutality. Linked to Traycho Kostov, he fell with him in 1949 and, whilst Yugov was not to follow his ally to the gallows, he was nonetheless rebuked by new prime minister Valko Chervenkov for supposedly allowing Kostov's conspiracies to go unchecked.
Comeback
Following the death of Stalin and the process of de-Stalinization across Eastern Europe Yugov emerged as a leading figure within the "home communist" tendency, who emphasised the importance of specifically Bulgarian communism rather than simply following Moscow in order to legitimise the regime in the eyes of the people. As part of the move away from the Stalin template, the Bulgarian government released the "April Line" of 1956, which formed the basis of Bulgarian communism for the next three decades. As well as a template for government it included such provisions as the abandonment of the cult of personality, the release of certain dissidents from prison and full rehabilitation to others, including Yugov, living under a cloud, thus allowing him to launch a full and immediate political comeback.
The home communists gained the upper hand on the Politburo and as a consequence Prime minister Valko Chervenkov, a noted Stalinist, was removed in 1956 and replaced by Yugov, who had emerged as the leading figure amongst the home party, in part because of the ruthless reputation he garnered in the interior ministry.
Fall from grace
He remained in the job for six years until overall leader Todor Zhivkov also assumed this role. Yugov, who had criticised Zhivkov for allowing the Bulgarian Great Leap Forward to influence economic policy, was removed as a potential rival. His strong following amongst the home communists also meant that Zhivkov feared Yugov as a challenge to his own position and so used the economic issue as a pretext for his removal. Yugov's fate had been sealed earlier that same year when Nikita Khrushchev visited Bulgaria and publicly declared his support for Zhivkov, whilst snubbing Yugov.
He was rehabilitated on the 1990 BCP party congress.
References
1904 births
1991 deaths
People from Paionia (municipality)
People from Salonica vilayet
Bulgarians from Aegean Macedonia
Bulgarian Communist Party politicians
Prime Ministers of Bulgaria
Deputy prime ministers of Bulgaria
Government ministers of Bulgaria
Members of the National Assembly (Bulgaria)
International Lenin School alumni
Heroes of the People's Republic of Bulgaria | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%20Yugov |
Hillsdale is an active commuter railroad station in the borough of Hillsdale, Bergen County, New Jersey. Servicing trains on New Jersey Transit's Pascack Valley Line, the station is located at the intersection of Broadway (County Route 104) and Hillsdale Avenue (County Route 112). The next station to the north toward Spring Valley station is Woodcliff Lake and the next station to the south toward Hoboken Terminal is Westwood. The station contains one track while a single low-level side platform next to the station depot, resulting in no accessibility for handicapped persons under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.
The opening of the Hackensack and New York Extension Railroad from Anderson Street station in Hackensack to Hillsdale on March 4, 1870 resulted in the beginning of service. The station was one of two later operated by the Erie Railroad in Hillsdale, with the opening of the station at Hillsdale Manor in 1893.
History
The original station house, built 1870 as the terminus and headquarters of the New Jersey and New York Railroad, The head house has been on the state and federal registers of historic places since 1984 originally listed as part of the Operating Passenger Railroad Stations Thematic Resource. A large train yard once existed in the area of what is now Kings Super Markets.
Station layout
The station has one track and one low-level side platform.
Permit parking is operated by the Borough of Hillsdale. Four permit parking lots area available, with 170, 14, 15 and 69 spots, respectively. Permits may be obtained through the Borough of Hillsdale.
A dozen non-permit spaces are available for $5.00 per day, payable in a yellow collection box at the station.
See also
List of New Jersey Transit stations
National Register of Historic Places listings in Bergen County, New Jersey
References
External links
Borough of Hillsdale
Station from Hillside Avenue from Google Maps Street View
NJ Transit Rail Operations stations
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1870
Railway stations in Bergen County, New Jersey
Second Empire architecture in New Jersey
Queen Anne architecture in New Jersey
Hillsdale, New Jersey
Former Erie Railroad stations
National Register of Historic Places in Bergen County, New Jersey
Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in New Jersey
1870 establishments in New Jersey
New Jersey Register of Historic Places | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hillsdale%20station%20%28NJ%20Transit%29 |
Jeremy Hugh Beecham, Baron Beecham (born 14 November 1944) is a British Labour politician and a senior figure in English local government. He was leader of Newcastle City Council and the first Chairman of the
Local Government Association. He was the elected Chairman of the National Executive Committee of the Labour Party (October 2005 – September 2006).
Beecham was educated at the Royal Grammar School, Newcastle upon Tyne, and University College, Oxford (1962–1965), where he obtained a first class honours degree in law. He became a solicitor. He joined the Labour Party in 1959, and was elected a councillor for Benwell, Newcastle, in the Newcastle City Council elections of 11 May 1967.
He stood for Parliament without success in Tynemouth in 1970. He chaired the Social Services Committee on the council from 1973 to 1977 and was Leader of Newcastle from 1977 to 1994, chairing the Finance Committee from 1979 to 1984.
In 1991, Beecham became Chairman of the Association of Metropolitan Authorities (AMA). When the AMA merged with the Association of District Councils and the Association of County Councils on 1 April 1997 to form the Local Government Association, he became the first chairman of the LGA. He is, , the LGA vice-chairman and continues to chair the LGA Labour Group.He was the President of the British Urban Regeneration Association (now folded).
Beecham belongs to Labour Friends of Israel.
Beecham has been a member of many boards and committees in Newcastle and North East England, and advising government.
He has been a member of the Labour Party National Executive Committee since 1998 and was its chairman.
He became a Knight Bachelor in the 1994 Birthday Honours having the honour conferred by HM The Queen on 22 November 1994.
He was made a Freeman of the City of Newcastle in 1995. He is Deputy Lieutenant for the County of Tyne and Wear and continues to represent Benwell and Scotswood on the City Council. He has been a council member at charity Common Purpose since 1989. He is Jewish, and a board member of the New Israel Fund in the UK.
On 20 July 2010, Beecham was created a life peer as Baron Beecham, of Benwell and Newcastle upon Tyne in the County of Tyne and Wear, and was introduced in the House of Lords on 28 July 2010. He sat on the Labour benches until his retirement in 2021.
References
1944 births
Living people
Labour Party (UK) councillors
Labour Party (UK) life peers
Life peers created by Elizabeth II
Councillors in Newcastle upon Tyne
Politicians from Newcastle upon Tyne
People educated at the Royal Grammar School, Newcastle upon Tyne
Alumni of University College, Oxford
Deputy Lieutenants of Tyne and Wear
Labour Friends of Israel
Knights Bachelor
Chairs of the Labour Party (UK)
Jewish British politicians
Leaders of local authorities of England
Chairs of the Local Government Association
Peers retired under the House of Lords Reform Act 2014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy%20Beecham%2C%20Baron%20Beecham |
A right-of-way (ROW, not to be confused with "right of way" without hyphens) is a right to make a way over a piece of land, usually to and from another piece of land. A right of way is a type of easement granted or reserved over the land for transportation purposes, such as a highway, public footpath, rail transport, canal, as well as electrical transmission lines, oil and gas pipelines. In the case of an easement, it may revert to its original owners if the facility is abandoned. This American English term is also used to denote the land itself.
A right of way is granted or reserved over the land for transportation purposes, usually for private access to private land and, historically for a highway, public footpath, rail transport, canal, as well as electrical transmission lines, oil and gas pipelines. A right-of-way is reserved for the purposes of maintenance or expansion of existing services with the right-of-way.
Rail right-of-way
In the United States, railroad rights-of-way (ROW or R/O/W) are generally considered private property by the respective railroad owners and by applicable state laws. Most U.S. railroads employ their own police forces, who can arrest and prosecute trespassers found on their rights-of-way. Some railroad rights-of-way include recreational rail trails.
In Canada, railroad rights-of-way are regulated by federal law.
In the United Kingdom, railway companies received the right to resume land for a right-of-way by privates Act of Parliament.
Designations of railroad right of way
The various designations of railroad right of way are as follows:
Active track is any track that is used regularly or even only once in a while.
Out of service means the right of way is preserved, and the railroad retains the right to activate it. The line could be out of service for decades. Thus track or crossings that have been removed need to be replaced.
By an embargo the track is removed, but the right of way is preserved and usually is converted into a walking or cycling path or other such use.
An abandonment is a lengthy formal process by which the railroad gives up all rights to the line. In most cases the track is removed and sold for scrap and any grade crossings are redone. The line will never be active again. The right of way reverts to the adjoining property owners.
Rail rights-of-way uses other than rail transport
Railroad rights-of-way need not be exclusively for railroad tracks and related equipment. Easements are frequently given to permit the laying of communication cables (such as optical fiber) or natural gas pipelines, or to run electric power transmission lines overhead.
See also
Eminent domain
Noise barrier
Permanent way
Right of way (public throughway)
Right of way (traffic)
Rights of way in England and Wales
References
Rail infrastructure
Road transport | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-of-way%20%28transportation%29 |
Frank McManus (born 16 August 1942) is an Irish nationalist activist and former Member of Parliament in the British House of Commons.
Born in Kinawley, County Fermanagh, he is a brother of Father Seán McManus, the Irish-American lobbyist and Catholic priest, and Pat McManus, a member of the Irish Republican Army killed in an explosion in 1958.
He received his secondary education at St. Michael's College, Enniskillen; he later attended Queen's University, Belfast before becoming a solicitor. In the late 1960s, he became the chair of the Fermanagh Civil Rights Association.
McManus was elected at the 1970 general election, as the Unity candidate for Fermanagh and South Tyrone. On 3 July 1970 he swore the Oath of Allegiance to Queen Elizabeth II. Following the introduction of internment, he chaired the meeting on 17 October 1971 where the Northern Resistance Movement was founded. He lost the seat at the February 1974 general election to Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) candidate Harry West, when the Social Democratic and Labour Party also stood a candidate, which resulted in a split nationalist vote. In 1977, he was a founder member of the short-lived Irish Independence Party.
He is a solicitor in Lisnaskea, and a trustee of the Fermanagh Trust.
References
Living people
1942 births
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Fermanagh and South Tyrone (since 1950)
UK MPs 1970–1974
People educated at St Michael's College, Enniskillen
Solicitors from Northern Ireland
People from Lisnaskea
Politicians from County Fermanagh
Lawyers from County Fermanagh | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20McManus%20%28Irish%20politician%29 |
Lesogorsk () is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.
Urban localities
Lesogorsk, Irkutsk Oblast, a work settlement in Chunsky District of Irkutsk Oblast
Lesogorsk (work settlement), Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, a work settlement in Shatkovsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Rural localities
Lesogorsk (station settlement), Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, a station settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of the work settlement of Lesogorsk, Shatkovsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Historical names
Lesogorsk, name of the selo of Lesogorskoye, Uglegorsky District, Sakhalin Oblast until 1993 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesogorsk |
12AT7 (also known in Europe by the Mullard–Philips tube designation of ECC81) is a miniature 9-pin medium-gain (60) dual-triode vacuum tube popular in guitar amplifiers. It belongs to a large family of dual triode vacuum tubes which share the same pinout (EIA 9A), including in particular the very commonly used low-mu 12AU7 and high-mu 12AX7.
The 12AT7 has somewhat lower voltage gain than the 12AX7, but higher transconductance and plate current, which makes it suitable for high frequency applications.
Originally the tube was intended for operation in VHF circuits, such as TV sets and FM tuners, as an oscillator/frequency converter, but it also found wide use in audio as a driver and phase-inverter in vacuum tube push–pull amplifier circuits.
This tube is essentially two 6AB4/EC92s in a single envelope. Unlike the situation with the 6C4 and 12AU7, both the 6AB4 and the 12AT7 are described by manufacturer's data sheets as R.F. devices operating up to VHF frequencies.
The tube has a center-tapped filament so it can be used in either 6.3V 300mA or 12.6V 150mA heater circuits.
the 12AT7 was manufactured in Russia (Electro-Harmonix brand), Slovakia (JJ Electronic), and China.
See also
12AU7
12AX7 - includes a comparison of similar twin-triode designs
List of vacuum tubes
References
External links
12AT7 twin triode data sheet from General Electric
Reviews of 12at7 tubes.
Vacuum tubes
Guitar amplification tubes | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12AT7 |
Bitter Tea is the fifth full-length album by The Fiery Furnaces, released on April 18, 2006, via Fat Possum in the U.S and Rough Trade in the UK. After it leaked onto the internet on February 22, the band immediately started selling the CD on tour.
The band envisioned Bitter Tea as a loose companion piece to their previous album Rehearsing My Choir, which had released just five months prior.
Critical response
Bitter Tea received generally positive reviews that were less polarized than their previous two proper albums, Blueberry Boat and Rehearsing My Choir. At Pitchfork Media, Mark Richardson praised the "sweet, undeniable melody" of "Teach Me Sweetheart" and the poppy likeability of "Benton Harbor Blues." Heather Phares at AllMusic criticized the album for being too long and "oddly diluted," but admitted that "even if all the songs aren't uniformly great, there's something interesting about each of them."
Track listing
"In My Little Thatched Hut" – 4:13
"I'm in No Mood" – 3:39
"Black-Hearted Boy" – 5:11
"Bitter Tea" – 5:45
"Teach Me Sweetheart" – 5:56
"I'm Waiting to Know You" – 4:01
"The Vietnamese Telephone Ministry" – 5:44
"Oh Sweet Woods" – 5:25
"Borneo" – 4:17
"Police Sweater Blood Vow" – 2:53
"Nevers" – 5:02
"Benton Harbor Blues" – 7:23
"Whistle Rhapsody" – 4:20
"Nevers (Reprise)" (unlisted) – 5:14
"Benton Harbor Blues (Reprise)" (unlisted) – 3:13
Backmasking
The album contains several instances of backmasking throughout.
References
2006 albums
The Fiery Furnaces albums
Rough Trade Records albums
Fat Possum Records albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitter%20Tea |
Jordin T. Kare (October 24, 1956 – July 19, 2017) was a physicist and aerospace engineer who researched laser propulsion. He was responsible for Mockingbird, a conceptual design for an extremely small (75 kg dry mass) reusable launch vehicle, and was involved in the Clementine lunar mapping mission.
Kare also conceived the SailBeam interstellar propulsion technique. In the science fiction fan community, he was a composer, performer and recording artist of filk music.
Early life and education
Kare grew up in the Philadelphia area and attended Harriton High School in Rosemont, Pennsylvania. He received his B.S. in electrical engineering and physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1978 and Ph.D. in astrophysics from the University of California, Berkeley in 1984.
Kare was the brother of Susan Kare, designer of the fonts and icons of the original Apple Macintosh user interface.
Career
Kare worked for many years at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). In 1996, he left LLNL and, after working briefly for a small space-related startup company, in 1997 became an independent consultant specializing in advanced space system design, and started his own company.
Laser propulsion
He was a leading advocate of laser propulsion for space launch and in-space propulsion. He organized a 1986 workshop on laser propulsion at LLNL and later led a development program for ground to orbit laser launch supported by SDIO. He received a NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts grant to study a near-term form of laser launch using arrays of relatively low-powered lasers. He co-founded LaserMotive, Inc., a laser power beaming entrant in the Elevator:2010 Beam Power Challenge, in 2006, and led the overall system design and the laser transmitter design efforts.
Sailbeam
Kare proposed the SailBeam Boosted Magsail in a report prepared for NASA's Institute for Advanced Concepts called "High-Acceleration Micro-Scale Laser Sails for Interstellar Propulsion". A key idea is that if vast numbers of tiny sails are used to accelerate rather than one enormous one, the same amount of mass can be brought to high speeds with a less complex optical system. Unlike particle-beam propulsion, in which the beam disperses as it travels, a stream of low-mass microsails is not limited by such diffraction. By using dielectric rather than metal sails, the sails can also be accelerated much closer to their power source. The stream of microsails then becomes a source of propulsion to a starship as particle beams mounted on the starship vaporize the incoming sails into plasma.
Filk music and science fiction
Kare was also a science fiction fan and filksinger. He was a regular attendee and program participant at science fiction conventions starting in 1975. He was an editor of The Westerfilk Collection: Songs of Fantasy and Science Fiction, an important filksong collection, and later a partner in Off Centaur Publications, the first commercial publisher specializing in filk songbooks and recordings. Kare won two Pegasus Awards for his filk songs, Best Classic Filk Song in 2010 for "Fire in the Sky" and Best Writer/Composer in 2017, as well as seven additional nominations from 1987 onwards.
An astrophysicist character with his name appears in War of Honor and Torch of Freedom, military science fiction novels in the Honor Harrington series by David Weber. A physicist by his name (and his wife, Mary Kay) appear in Callahan's Touch by Spider Robinson, where he shoots a cluricaune with a fire extinguisher. His song "Fire in the Sky" is featured in the novel Fallen Angels by Larry Niven, Jerry Pournelle, and Michael Flynn.
Death
In June 2017, Kare's wife Mary Kay announced via Twitter that his aortic valve was failing and would be replaced. On July 19, she announced that he had died.
Publications
Musical
Two self-published albums of his songs, Fire in the Sky (1991; distributed by Wail Songs) and Parody Violation: Jordin Kare Straight and Twisted (2000)
Honors
Fannie and John Hertz Foundation Fellowship, ending in 1984
Seven nominations for the Pegasus Award
Won 2010 Pegasus Award for Best Classic Filk Song, "Fire in the Sky"
Won 2017 Pegasus Award (tie) for Best Writer/Composer (posthumous)
References
External links
Bibliography of scientific publications (from Google Scholar). Retrieved 2017-8-3.
List of patents (from USPTO). Retrieved 2017-8-3.
interview (The Space Show).
The Westerfilk Collection Annotated list of contributors and contents. Retrieved 2013-10-23.
1956 births
2017 deaths
American aerospace engineers
American physicists
Filkers
MIT School of Engineering alumni
Scientists from Ithaca, New York
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Engineers from New York (state)
Harriton High School alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science alumni | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordin%20Kare |
Canada Dry was the nickname for two Canadian Forces bases in Doha, Qatar during the first Gulf War. The two bases, named Canada Dry One (10 km outside Doha) and Canada Dry Two, housed land and air elements (CF18 - Desert Cats).
Units stationed at the base included:
No. 409 Squadron RCAF - CF-18
No. 416 Squadron RCAF - CF-18
No. 439 Squadron RCAF - CF-18
Mike Company, 3rd Battalion, The Royal Canadian Regiment
A number of CF-18 fighters were stationed in the bases and flew sorties for the coalition.
A Boeing CC-137 Husky tanker from 437 Transport Squadron also flew at the base to provide refueling for the CF-18 fighters.
See also
Camp Julien
Camp Mirage
References
External links
Thistle, Rich. CF-18 Hornets in the Gulf War. Rich Thistle Art Studio.
409 Squadron. Forty Years - 4 Wing Canadian Forces Base Baden Soellingen.
Air force installations of Canada
Military installations closed in the 1990s
Canada–Qatar relations | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada%20Dry%20One |
The Freshwater Biological Association (FBA) is an independent scientific organisation founded in 1929 in Cumbria by Felix Eugen Fritsch, William Harold Pearsall, Francis Balfour-Browne, and Robert Gurney among others. Whilst originally created to be a research station it has evolved into a learned society whose mission is "to promote the sustainable management of freshwater ecosystems and resources, using the best available science". It works closely alongside other organisations, notably Natural Environment Research Council. The FBA promotes freshwater science through innovative research, maintained specialist scientific facilities, a programme of scientific meetings, production of publications, and by providing sound independent scientific opinion.
As of 2010, the FBA hosted both published and unpublished collections, two specialist libraries and varieties of long term data sets from sites of scientific significance. It is managed by the Chief Executive who was assisted by 25 staff (17 full-time equivalents). By year ending 31 March 2020, the number had fallen to 15 employees, 6 trustees and 3 volunteers.
A board of trustees, elected by the members, guide the strategic direction of the Association in line with the charitable objectives. The FBA is a registered charity, number 214440 and a company limited by guarantee, registration number 263162, England.
Activities
The FBA is involved in many activities which include the support of Science through the use of its location in The Lake District in Cumbria and alongside the River Frome, East Stoke in Dorset and uses its location to support scientific work by providing specialist facilities and equipment. It is also involved in research through grants and studentships given to young scientists, and has made provisions for information services, from its freshwater libraries, to its information collection titled "FreshwaterLife", to its reference collection "The Fritsch Collection". Finally, many publications and analysis guides are also published by the FBA, with records of freshwater information.
The FBA also runs many meetings and courses for specialism in freshwater biology, holding an Annual Scientific Meeting.
In September 2008 the FBA launched a series of conferences in aquatic biology. The first of these was entitled "Multiple Stressors in Freshwater Ecosystems". The second, in April 2010, had the theme of "Integrated Catchment Management".
Notable scientists
Clifford H. Mortimer (1911–2010) Worked from 1935 conducting chemical analysis of lake water and then after the war as physical limnologist
Patricia H. Clarke (1919–2010) Position of responsibility after retirement.
Rosemary Lowe-McConnell (1921–2014) various projects aimed at producing wartime food from fresh waters.
John Walter Guerrier Lund, career with FBA from 1944 to 2005.
Charles Oldham (naturalist) (1868–1942) served on the council
Winifred Pennington (1915–2007) pioneered the study of paleolimnology there.
Winifred Frost (1902–1979) worked there from 1938 to 1979. Her bequest to them funded postgraduate scholarships
Charlotte Kipling (1919–1992) A statistician working there from 1947, some publications shared with Frost.
Steve Ormerod, a past member of the council.
T. T. Macan (1910–1985), career there 1935–1976, latterly as deputy director.
Eville Gorham (1925–2020) Researcher from 1954 to 1957 regarding acid rain and nuclear fallout.
Senior officers
The FBA's Council Chairs have included Cecil Terence Ingold from 1965 to 1974 and Gordon Elliott Fogg (1919–2005) from 1974 to 1985.
Presidents have included Sir John Gray (1918–2011) from 1983 to 1987, Sir Frederick George Thomas Holliday (1935–2016) from 1995 to 2002, Sir Martin Holgate (b.1931) from 2002 to 2017, and Professor Louise Heathwaite from 2017.
Directors have included E. Barton Worthington, secretary to and first full–time director of the Freshwater Biological Association from 1937 to 1946.
References
External links
The FBA web-site
FBA web-cam at Far Sawrey ferry landing stage
Biology organisations based in the United Kingdom
Freshwater ecology
Learned societies of the United Kingdom
Organisations based in Cumbria
Professional associations based in the United Kingdom
1929 establishments in the United Kingdom
Scientific organizations established in 1929
South Lakeland District | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freshwater%20Biological%20Association |
Suhayb the Roman or Suhayb al-Rumi (, Suheyb er-Rûmî, born c. 587), also known as Suhayb ibn Sinan (), also spelled Sohaib, was a former Arab slave in the Byzantine Empire who went on to become a companion of Muhammad and member of the early Muslim community.
Early life
Around the year 591, about twenty years before the commencement of Muhammad's mission, a man named Sinan ibn Malik governed the city of al-Uballah on behalf of the Persian emperor (perhaps Khosrow II). The city, which is now part of Basra, lay on the banks of the Euphrates. He had several children and was particularly fond of one of them who was then barely five years old with red hair and named Suhayb (meaning red-head, ginger). One day Suhayb's mother took him to a village called ath-Thani for a picnic. That day ath-Thani was attacked by Byzantine soldiers who took a large number of prisoners, including Suhayb.
Suhayb was taken to one of the slave markets of the Byzantine Empire. He passed from one master to another, remaining for about twenty years in Byzantine lands as a slave. He grew up speaking Greek, the language of the Byzantine Empire and practically forgot Arabic. At the first opportunity, Suhayb escaped and headed for Mecca, which was considered a place of asylum. There, people called him ar-Rumi, meaning "the Roman", because of his background, including his Roman accent and his red pinkish skin . He became the representative of an aristocrat in Mecca, Abdullah ibn Judan, engaging in trade and becoming quite wealthy.
Acceptance of Islam and escape to Medina
One day he was told that Muhammad was calling people to a new religion in the house of al-Arqam ibn Abi al-Arqam. After meeting with him, he was convinced of the truth of his message and pledged fealty to Muhammad. The ruling tribe of Quraish soon learned of Suhayb's acceptance of Islam and began harassing him. When Muhammad gave permission for his followers to migrate to Medina in 622, Suhayb resolved to accompany Muhammad and Abu Bakr, but the Quraish discovered his intentions and placed guards over him to prevent him from leaving Mecca and taking the wealth he had acquired through trade. After the departure of Muhammad and Abu Bakr, Suhayb continued to bide his time, attempting to escape several times.
One night, Suhayb feigned stomach problems and went out repeatedly as if responding to calls of nature. His captors became relaxed and Suhayb quietly armed himself, readied a mount and headed for Medina. When his captors realized Suhayb was gone, they pursued and eventually caught up with him. Seeing them approach, Suhayb clambered up a hill and holding his bow and arrow, he shouted:
"Men of Quraish! You know, by God, that I am one of the best archers and my aim is unerring. By God, if you come near me, with each arrow I have, I shall kill one of you. Then I shall strike with my sword."
The men responded, "By God, we shall not let you escape from us with your life and money. You came to Mecca weak and poor and you have acquired what you have acquired.."
"What would you say if I leave you my wealth?" interrupted Suhayb. "Would you get out of my way?" "Yes," they answered.
Suhayb described the place in his house in Mecca where he had left the money, and they allowed him to go. When Suhayb reached Quba, just outside Medina, Muhammad saw him approaching and said, "Your transaction has been fruitful, O Abu Yahya. Your transaction has been fruitful." He repeated this three times. Suhayb's face beamed with happiness as he said, "By God, no one has come before me to you, Messenger of God, and only Jibril could have told you about this."
Following the death of Umar
Suhayb was chosen by the caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab to lead the Muslims in prayers for some time.
As Umar lay dying after being stabbed by Abu-Lu'lu'ah on November 1, 644, he summoned Uthman ibn Affan, Ali, Talhah, Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, Abdur Rahman bin Awf, and Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas and instructed them to consult among themselves and with the Muslims for three days and choose a successor.
In this brief intermediate period before Uthman's appointment, Suhayb was responsible for leading prayers.
See also
Salaf
Sahaba
List of Sahabah
Sources
Fazail-e-Amaal by Muhammad Zakariya al-Kandahlawi, Sh. Muhammad Ashraf Publishers Lahore
References
580s births
7th-century deaths
Byzantine slaves
Non-Arab companions of the Prophet
Burials at Jannat al-Baqī
7th-century Byzantine people | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suhayb |
Woodcliff Lake is an active commuter railroad station in the borough of Woodcliff Lake, Bergen County, New Jersey. Located at the junction of Woodcliff Avenue (County Route 90) and Broadway (County Route 104) on the edge of the Woodcliff Lake Reservoir, the station is served by trains of New Jersey Transit's Pascack Valley Line. The station, which contains a single track and low-level side platform, is not accessible per handicapped persons under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. As of November 8, 2020, Woodcliff Lake is serviced seven days a week by New Jersey Transit trains, having previously only been a single train on weekends and holidays up to that point.
History
Railroad service through Woodcliff Lake began on May 27, 1871 when the Hackensack and New York Extension Railroad introduced service north from Hillsdale to Nanuet, New York. At that time, a station in the area was known as Pascack. The former station depot at Woodcliff Lake, in deplorable condition for multiple years attached to the existing depot, came down in December 1960 to be replaced by a police station outpost and improved parking for commuters.
Station layout
The station has one track and one low-level side platform.
Permit parking is operated by the Borough of Woodcliff Lake. A single permit parking lot, with 60 parking spots is available.
References
External links
Borough of Woodcliff Lake
Station House from Google Maps Street View
NJ Transit Rail Operations stations
Railway stations in Bergen County, New Jersey
Woodcliff Lake, New Jersey
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1871
1871 establishments in New Jersey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodcliff%20Lake%20station |
The 12AU7 and its variants are miniature nine-pin (B9A base) medium-gain dual triode vacuum tubes. It belongs to a large family of dual triode vacuum tubes which share the same pinout (RETMA 9A). 12AU7 is also known in Europe under its Mullard–Philips tube designation ECC82. There are many equivalent tubes with different names, some identical, some designed for ruggedness, long life, or other characteristics; examples are the US military 5814A and the European special-quality ECC82 and E182CC.
The tube is popular in hi-fi vacuum tube audio as a low-noise line amplifier, driver (especially for tone stacks), and phase-inverter in vacuum tube push–pull amplifier circuits. It was widely used, in special-quality versions such as ECC82 and 5814A, in pre-semiconductor digital computer circuitry. Use of special-quality versions outside of the purpose they were designed for may not be optimal; for example, a version for digital computers may be designed for long life without cathode poisoning when mostly switched to low-current mode in switching applications, but with little attention to parameters of interest only for linear applications such as linearity of transfer characteristic, matching between the two sections, microphony, etc.
This tube is essentially two 6C4/EC90s in the same envelope. However, this latter type is officially described in manufacturer's data as "a special quality R.F. power amplifier or oscillator for frequencies up to 150 MHz". The 12AU7, on the other hand, is described as an "A.F. double triode". Data sheets suggest an upper frequency limit of 30 kHz for the 12AU7/ECC82 and it is not described as a "special quality" device. This contrasts with the 6AB4/EC92 and 12AT7/ECC81 which are both R.F. devices operating up to VHF.
Double triodes of the 12AU7 family have a center-tapped filament for use in either 6.3V 300mA or 12.6V 150mA heater circuits.
the 12AU7 continued to be manufactured in Russia, Slovakia (JJ Electronic), and China.
See also
12AX7 - includes a comparison of similar twin-triode designs
12AT7
References
External links
12AU7 datasheet from the RCA RC-29 Receiving Tubes Manual (NJ7P Tube Database)
Several tube datasheets
Reviews of 12au7 tubes.
(JJ Electronic ECC82 Datasheet)
Vacuum tubes
Guitar amplification tubes | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12AU7 |
Uys is the surname of a family that played a significant role in South African history during the nineteenth century and made distinguished contributions to South African culture, politics and sports during the course of the twentieth.
Origins
The earliest existing records show the Uys family living in Leiden and Amsterdam in the Netherlands.
The mother of the family's South African progenitor, Daentie Rycken (1645/46 – Stellenbosch 1725), was the first to arrive at the Cape in 1677 with her second husband, Jan Hendriksz de Lange (died Cape of Good Hope before June 1690). She briefly travelled to the Netherlands in 1697 with her third husband, Dirk Mol (died Stellenbosch 1731), and returned to the Cape in 1699 accompanied by her adult son, Cornelis Jansz Uys (Amsterdam 1671 – Cape of Good Hope c. 1716). Shortly thereafter, in 1704, Daentie settled on the farm By Den Weg in the Stellenbosch Kloof where she lived until her death in 1725.
Cornelis Jansz Uys was the only child from Daentie Rycken's first marriage to the maritime carpenter Jan Cornelisz (Uys) (1641/42 – died Newcastle upon Tyne c. 1674). Cornelis was accompanied to the Cape by his wife, Dirkje Matthysdr (van) Westerhout (Leiden 1673 – Cape of Good Hope 1714), the niece of his mother's third husband. The couple established themselves in the heart of the Cape settlement on modern-day Strand Street.
In 1722 their only son, Dirk Cornelisz Uys (born Leiden 1698 – died Stellenbosch 1758), settled on the farm Groote Zalze in Stellenbosch, where he married Dina le Roux (Stellenbosch 1702 – Stellenbosch 1740), who was of Norman Huguenot descent, and played a distinguished role in the local community as farmer, deacon, elder, burgher officer and alderman. Dirk was also one of the first European pioneers in the Overberg area of the Cape. The Uys family of southern Africa descend from this couple's three sons.
Two of the sons of Dirk Cornelisz Uys moved further into the interior of the Cape during the mid eighteenth century; their progeny played a notable role in the history of the colony and enjoyed fame as a distinguished and progressive frontier dynasty. The family also played a major role in the governance of the Dutch Republics in South Africa.
Onomastics
Surname
Genealogists have speculated that the name could be a variation of the French name de Louis or related to the Scottish island of Uist or perhaps a variation of the German name Husse. Reliable records do not exist to confirm any of these theories.
First names and nicknames
The Uys surname can also be used as a first name (generally in reference to an Uys descent through the distaff side), as is the case with the poet, writer and adventurer Uys Krige. A character in the novel Het Beloofde Land by Dutch author Adriaan van Dis also has this first name.
Arms
The arms of the Uys family are blazoned as:
Party per pale, in dexter vert three onions or in pale, in sinister argent a farmer standing on a stretch of grass holding a basket under his right arm proper.
These canting arms appear similar to those of the Van Uye family of Zeeland, to whom the Uys family are not related. The Uys arms are differenced from the Van Uye arms by the basket which the farmer holds; in the Van Uye arms the farmer is holding a bunch of onions (French: "une glane d'oignons"). The onions (Dutch: ui) in the dexter half of the arms are a canting reference to the Uys family name.
These arms were presented to the Dutch-South African heraldist and genealogist Cornelis Pama in 1960 by J.W. Prinsloo née Uys who informed him that they had been found in old family documents. Pama subsequently recorded these arms in his genealogical publications which led to their widespread dissemination and use by members of the Uys family. The Rootenberg family who descend from an extra-marital branch of the Kapkamma Uyses also have a canting reference to onions in their arms.
Legacy
Monuments and museums
Bible Monument, Grahamstown; monument commemorating the presentation of a large Dutch bible by Thomas Philipps and the British settlers of Grahamstown to Jacobus Johannes Uys (1770–1838) and the Uys trek party prior to their departure from the Cape Colony on the Great Trek in April 1837; the monument was unveiled by State President C.R. Swart of South Africa in 1962
Ou Pastorie Museum, Utrecht; museum on the history of Utrecht and the surrounding area that contains multiple objects and references relating to the Uys family
Uys House, Utrecht; home of the Uys family built by "Swart" Dirk Uys (1814–1910) in 1855; the house is one of the oldest houses north of the Tugela River in KwaZulu-Natal; it is the location where the Prince Imperial, Louis Napoleon, courted Swart Dirk's daughter, Sannie Uys; the house is a National Monument
Uys Memorial, Dirk Uys Kraal, near Quoin Point, Overberg; memorial marking the site where Dirk Cornelisz Uys (1698–1758) was granted permission to graze his livestock as one of the first European pioneers in the Overberg
Uys Monument, Utrecht; erected in honour of Commandant Petrus Lafras Uys (1827–1879) by the burghers of Utrecht, Sir Evelyn Wood and the British officers who fought alongside Uys during the course of the Anglo-Zulu War; the monument is in the shape of an obelisk with plaques in Dutch and English; the English text reads: To the memory of Petrus Lafras Uys, Commandant of the Burgher Force in the Zulu War of 1879, who fell whilst fighting on the Hlobani March 28th. This monument is erected by his fellow burghers of the town and district of Utrecht and the officers and men of the flying column under the command of General Wood with whom he served. A token of their admiration and respect.
Uysklip, National Museum, Bloemfontein; a stone with the inscription "1837 Kerkspruijt" followed by the name of Jacobus Johannes Uys (1770–1838) that was left at the site of the Uys camp along the Modder River near Thaba 'Nchu to commemorate the fact that the Uys trek party had built a mud and daub church and requested the Wesleyan missionary, James Archbell, to officiate at the first Holy Communion held by the Voortrekkers north of the Orange River; the stone is currently part of the collection of the National Museum in Bloemfontein
Voortrekker Monument, Pretoria; the monument contains a series of marble friezes in the central hall depicting key events from the Great Trek, including the presentation of the Uys Bible by the British settlers of Grahamstown to Jacobus Johannes Uys as well as a scene of Dirkie Uys (1823–1838) defending his dying father, Piet Uys (1797–1838), at the Battle of Italeni; the Uys Bible is part of the collection of the Monument's museum
Voortrekker Monument, Winburg; a five-tiered monument on the outskirts of Winburg that carries the names of the principal Voortrekker leaders: Piet Uys, Andries Hendrik Potgieter, Andries Pretorius, Piet Retief and Gerrit Maritz; the lengths of the five tiers are proportional to the distances travelled by each of the respective Voortrekker parties; on the Day of the Vow (16 December) the sun passes directly over the monument and a plaque with a Christian religious message at the base is illuminated; the monument is built near the site of the birth-house of Martinus Theunis Steyn, who was president of the Boer Republic of the Orange Free State
Voortrekker / Msunduzi Museum, Pietermaritzburg; the collection of the museum contains a wide variety of historical objects relating to the Great Trek that once belonged to the Uys family
Locations
Uysberg, Free State; mountain on the South African border with Lesotho, south-south-east of Clocolan and north-east of Ladybrand
Uysklip, Free State, railway station south-east of Bloemfontein on the line between Dewetsdorp and Sannaspos; the station is close to the site baptised as Kerkspruijt by the Uys trek party in 1837; the neighbouring mountain is also known as Uysklip
Uyskop, KwaZulu-Natal; mountain (1827 meters altitude) on the south-eastern outskirts of Utrecht
Wakkerstroom, KwaZulu-Natal, formerly part of the South African Republic; the plans for the town were surveyed with an eland hide rope in 1859 by "Swart" Dirk Uys (1814–1910) who called the settlement Uysenburg; the town was subsequently renamed Marthinus Wesselstroom, and is today known as Wakkerstroom
Miscellaneous
A race of cattle that was bred by the Voortrekker Uys family in northern KwaZulu-Natal came to be known as the Uysbees (Uys cattle); in 1947 the name of the breed was changed to Drakensberger.
Notable family members
Arts and humanities
Amalia Uys (born 1984), South African actor in the soap opera 7de Laan
Dirk "Dagga-Dirk" ("Marihuana-Dirk") Uys, iconoclastic Afrikaans songwriter of the 1980s and 1990s, manager of the Voëlvry tour
Professor C.J. Uys, historian and Professor of History at the University of the Free State
Ian S. Uys (born 1942), historian and writer
Jamie Uys (1921–1996), South African film director (born as Jacobus Johannes Uys)
Professor Leana Ria Uys (1948–2014), researcher and academic in the field of nursing, Deputy Vice Chancellor and Head of College of Health Sciences at University of KwaZulu-Natal and Director of World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, laureate of the Women Super Achievers Award in Singapore.
Pieter Uys (born 1956), Afrikaans poet
Pieter-Dirk Uys (born 1945), South African satirist, active as a performer, author, and social activist
Sannie "Pikkie" Uys, actress
Sannie Uys (1886–1976), writer and poet, mother of writer Uys Krige
Uys Krige (christened Mattheus Uys Krige) (1910–1987), son of Sannie Uys, South African writer, poet, playwright, translator, rugby player, war correspondent and romantic
Stanley Uys (1922–2014), South African and English journalist
Shaun Uys (born 1970), South African businessman
Military
Major Dr. Adriaan Izak Uys (1893-after 1972), host of the Greek Royal Family in Egypt during the Second World War, commander of the military repairs depot in Alexandria
Dirkie Uys (1823–1838), young Voortrekker hero during the Great Trek, his death is commemorated with a frieze in the Voortrekker Monument in Pretoria
Dirk Cornelis "Swart Dirk" Uys (1814–1910), first Commandant of the Utrecht district, adviser of Boer Commandant-General Piet Joubert and Commissioner of the Boer Laagers during the First Anglo-Boer War; plenipotentiary of the South African Republic at the signing of the subsequent peace treaty at O'Neill's Cottage on 21 March 1881
Dirk Cornelis "Dirks" Uys (1865- Battle of Talana 1899), the first Boer to reach the summit at the Battle of Majuba during the First Anglo-Boer War and reputed to have killed General Sir George Pomeroy Colley during the course of the battle
Jacobus Johannes Uys (1770–1838), frontier leader and nominal head of the Uys party in the Great Trek, commemorated in the Bible Monument at Grahamstown and with a frieze depicting his departure from the colony in the Voortrekker Monument in Pretoria
Jacobus Johannes Uys (1800–1871), one of the Voortrekker commanders at the Battle of Blood River
Piet Uys (1797– Battle of Italeni 1838), Voortrekker leader during the Great Trek, he is commemorated with a frieze depicting his death in the Voortrekker Monument in Pretoria
Petrus Lafras Uys (1827 – Battle of Hlobane 1879), Commandant, Chief Magistrate (Landdrost) and Member of Parliament for Utrecht in the South African Republic, led the "Gallant Forty" commando of Boer volunteers who fought alongside the British forces during the Anglo-Zulu War, he was described by Sir Evelyn Wood as "South Africa's noblest patriot" and a monument was raised to him by British officers in Utrecht and in 1880 at the site of his death by the Empress Eugenie
Petrus Lafras Uys (1852–1924), member of the Volksraad of the South African Republic; commandant of the Pretoria North Commando in the Anglo-Boer War and one of the sixty Boer delegates to the peace conference that led to the Treaty of Vereeniging; he was awarded the Dekoratie voor Trouwe Dienst for his wartime services
Captain Stoffel (C.J.B.) Uys (1883–1968), Afrikaans soldier in British service during the conquest of German South-West Africa (1914–15), Inspector of the South West Africa Police Force
Brigadier Thys (Matthys Johannes) Uys, S.M., A.F.C. (1911–1964), South African air ace in the Second World War
Politics and administration
D.C.H. (Dirk Cornelis) Uys, South African Minister of Agriculture and of Water Affairs (appointed 1968) and Senator on behalf of the National Party
David Israel Uys Rootenberg (born 1948), nationalist Afrikaner politician in the 1980s and 1990s, former commandant of AWB's military wing Aquila; he descends from an extra-marital branch of the Kapkamma Uyses
Dirk Cornelis Uys (1845–1926), member of the Executive Council of Natal
Jacobus Johannes (Kootjie) Uys (1858–1942), senator in the parliament of the Union of South Africa
Johann Kunz Uys (1907–1978), South African diplomat and ambassador to West-Germany
Juan-Duval Uys, controversial politician, former leader of the Gay and Lesbian Alliance, co-founder of the revived National Party South Africa in 2008
Pierre Uys (born 1956), former Provincial Minister of Health of the Western Cape, chief whip of the African National Congress in the Western Cape Provincial Legislature
Colonel Piet Uys, former South African soldier, Secretary-General of the Afrikaner nationalist Freedom Front Plus party
Wessel Hendrik Uys (1824–1877), elected as first member for Utrecht on the Executive Council of the South African Republic in 1859
Sports
Antoinette Uys (born 1976), female badminton player from South Africa
BG (Burrie Gildenhuys) Uys (born 1988), South African rugby union player
Corné Uys (born 1981), South African rugby union player
Jan (Jan-Frederik) Uys (born 1994), South African rugby union player
Lafras Uys (born 1982), South African rugby union player
Francois Uys (born 1986), South African rugby union player
Pierre Uys (born 1976), former Springbok rugby player
Ronnie Uys (born 1979), South African rugby union player
References
Sources
Binckes, Robin, The Great Trek Uncut, 30 Degree South Publishers, Pinetown 2013.
Brookes, E.H, and Webb, C. de B., A History of Natal, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg 1987 (2nd edition).
Cilliers, Ben, Genealogieë van die Afrikaner Families in Natal, Mosselbaai 1985; pp. 608–614.
Endeman, L.C.P (Editor), South African Genealogies – Suid Afrikaanse Geslagregisters, Volume 13 (T-U), Genealogical Institute of South Africa, Stellenbosch 2006; pp. 488–527.
Hopkins, Ds. H.C., "Die Stamouers van die Familie Uys" in Familia, Quarterly Journal of the Genealogical Society of South Africa, Year 1979, pp. 28–31.
Houte de Lange, C.E.G. ten, (Editor), Nederland's Wapenboek – Deel 1, Koninklijk Nederlandsch Genootschap voor Geslachts- en Wapenkunde, 's-Gravenhage 1998; pp. 184–185.
Lehmann, Joseph, The First Boer War, Jonathan Cape, London 1972.
Morris, Donald R., The Washing of the Spears, The Rise and Fall of the Zulu Nation, Jonathan Cape, London 1965.
Muller, C.F.J., "Die arrestasie van Mev. Piet Uys op Sondag 25 Oktober 1835, in Historia, Amptelike Orgaan van die Historiese Genootskap van Suid-Afrika, Year 1972, pp. 244–264.
Muller, C.F.J., "Die wording van Piet Uys as Voortrekkerleier" in Leiers na die Noorde, Studies oor die Groot Trek, Tafelberg, Kaapstad 1976 (pp. 108–129).
Muller, C.F.J., Die Oorsprong van die Groot Trek, Universiteit van Pretoria, Pretoria 1987 (2nd Edition).
Preller, Gustav S., "Geskiedenis van die Uijs Kommissie" and "Losse Mededelingen van Z.J. Uijs" in Voortrekkermense, 'n Vijftal oorspronkelike Dokumente oor die Geskiedenis van die Voortrek, De Nasionale Pers, Kaapstad 1918; pp. 275–296.
Prinsloo, J.W., "Geskiedenis van die Voortrekker Uys-Familie" in Historia, Amptelike Orgaan van die Historiese Genootskap van Suid-Afrika, Year 1968, pp. 33–35.
Theal, George McCall, "Chronicles of two leaders of the Great Emigration, Louis Triegard and Pieter Uys" and "Pieter Lavras Uys" in Willem Adriaan van der Stel and other historical sketches, Thomas Maskew Miller, Cape Town 1913.
Redelinghuys. J.H., Die Afrikaner Familienaamboek, Publisitas, Kaapstad 1954.
Robbertze, F.P. du P., Die Sterfplek van Dirkie Uys, Pietersburg 1983.
Rootenberg, Francesco Uys, "The Origins of the Uys Family in the Netherlands" in Familia, Quarterly Journal of the Genealogical Society of South Africa, Year 1997, volume 4; pp. 144–151.
Rootenberg, Francesco Uys, "The Life and Times of Daentie Rijcken, the Remarkable Uys Stammoeder" in Familia, Quarterly Journal of the Genealogical Society of South Africa, Year 2016, volume 1; pp. 29–52.
Rosenthal, Eric, South African Surnames, Howard Timmins, Cape Town 1965; pp. 146–148 ("The Uyses").
Saul, David, Zulu, The Heroism and Tragedy of the Zulu War of 1879, Penguin, London 2004.
Uys, Ian S., Die Uys Geskiedenis, Heidelberg 1974.
Uys, Ian S., "A Boer Family" in Military History Journal (South African Military History Society), Vol 3. No. 6, December 1976.
Uys, Ian, South African Military Who's Who, 1452–1992, Fortress Publishers, Germiston 1992.
Uys, Ian, Rearguard, The Life and Times of Piet Uys, Fortress Publishers, Kynsna 1998.
Uys, Dr. J.F. (Frikkie), "Die Eerste Uys" in Familia, Quarterly Journal of the Genealogical Society of South Africa, Year 2011, volume 1; pp. 26–34.
Uys, Dr. J.F. (Frikkie), "Die Eerste Uys – Deel 2" in Familia, Quarterly Journal of the Genealogical Society of South Africa, Year 2013, Parts 2 & 3, pp. 143–144.
Uys, Dr. J.F. (Frikkie), "Die Eerste Uys – Deel 2: Nijs, 'n regstelling" in Familia, Quarterly Journal of the Genealogical Society of South Africa, Year 2013, Part 4, pp. 187–190.
Uys, J.R., Uys Familie Register, Pinelands 1984.
Uys, Petrus Lafras, and Uys, Dirk Cornelius, "Die Voortrekker Uys-Familie vanaf 1704", in Historia, Amptelike Orgaan van die Historiese Genootskap van Suid-Afrika, Year 1967, pp. 276–279.
de Villiers, J.F.K., Uys Familie, Hersamestelling van die Uys Register van 1984 / The Uys Family, Rearrangement of the Uys Register of 1984, Gisborne (New Zealand) 2014.
Visagie, Jan C., Voortrekkerstamouers 1835–1845, Protea Boekhuis, Pretoria 2011 (2nd edition), pp. 501–505.
Surnames
Afrikaans-language surnames
Surnames of Dutch origin | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uys |
A feist is a small hunting dog, descended from the terriers brought over to the United States by British miners and other immigrants. These terriers probably included crosses between the Smooth Fox Terrier, the Manchester Terrier, and the now-extinct English White Terrier. These dogs were used as ratters, and gambling on their prowess in killing rats was a favorite hobby of their owners. Some of these dogs have been crossed with Greyhounds, Whippets or Italian Greyhounds (for speed), and Beagles or other hounds (for hunting ability)—extending the family to include a larger variety of purpose than the original ratter, or Rat Terrier.
Description
Feists are small to medium-sized dogs tall, and weigh , short-coated dogs with long legs. The ears are set high on the head and are button, erect, or short hang. The tail can be natural, bobtail, or docked. As feists are bred for hunting, not as show dogs, little to no consistency is seen in appearance (breed type), and they may be purebred, crossbred, or mixed-breed dogs. They are identified more by the way they hunt and their size than by their appearance.
Individual dogs can hunt in more than one way, but in general, feists work above ground to chase small prey, especially squirrels. This contrasts with terriers or Dachshunds, earth dogs that go to ground to kill or drive out the prey, usually rodents, rabbits, foxes, or badgers. Most feists have an extreme drive to chase rabbits, along with squirrels and other rodents.
When hunting, feists, unlike hounds, are mostly silent on track until they tree a squirrel. They locate squirrels using their eyes, ears, and nose, then tree them barking loudly and circling the tree, in the same manner that a coonhound trees raccoons. When they have treed a squirrel, they chase the squirrel until it leaves their sight. During the chase, they wade through streams, leap over logs, and dash across roads to get to their prey. Leashing these dogs in the presence of squirrels is advisable. Although they put up a furious chase, feists rarely catch squirrels; they typically expect their owners to shoot them.
Various named varieties within the feist type have been developed, including the Mountain Feists, which includes the Baldwin Feist, Buckley Feist, DenMark Feist, Galla Creek Feist, Kemmer Feist, Lost Creek Feist, Sport-bred Feist, and Thornburg Feist. The Treeing Feists include the Atomic Feist, Barger Feist, Boggs Creek Feist, Original Cajun Squirrel Dog, Charlie Feist, Fleming Creek Squirrel Dog, Hickory Grounds Feist, Horse Creek Feist, Hurley Comb's-bred Feist, Mountain Cur, Mullins Feist, Redwood Feist, Riverun Feist, Shaderidge, and Rat Terrier.
Etymology
The word "feist" is described in Webster's Third New International Dictionary as from the obsolete word "fysting", meaning "breaking wind, in such expressions as fysting dog or fysting hound". Feist is defined as "1. chiefly dial: a small dog of uncertain ancestry..."
The word feisty – "energetic, belligerent, esp. if small" – is derived from the dog, which is small and energetic.
History
The feist is not a new type of dog. Written accounts of the dogs go back centuries, with several spelling variations seen. George Washington referred to them in his diary in 1770 when describing a dog as "a small foist-looking yellow cur." Abraham Lincoln wrote about the "fice" dog in his poem, "The Bear Hunt". William Faulkner mentions the "fice dog" in The Sound and the Fury, but uses the spelling "fyce" in the stories "Was" and "The Bear" from the collection Go Down, Moses: "a brave fyce dog is killed by a bear". In her 1938 novel The Yearling, author Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings uses the spelling of "feice" to refer to this dog. Claude Shumate, who wrote about the feist for Full Cry magazine, believed that the feist was descended from Native American dogs, mixed with small terriers from Britain, and was kept as early as the 17th century (Full Cry, December, 1987). The breed was popularized by President Teddy Roosevelt, who frequently hunted with a feist named Skip, belonging to his son, Archie, and a Manchester Terrier named Jack, belonging to his son, Kermit.
Similar breeds
Similar dogs are the Smooth and Wire Fox Terriers, originally developed to flush out foxes for hunters in England (but now primarily kept for conformation showing and as pets), and the Jack Russell Terrier, used for ratting. Fox Terriers and feists are often predominantly white so as to be visible to hunters. Many other variants of this type exist, such as the Russell Terrier, Parson Russell Terrier and Rat Terrier, with many locally developed purebred dog breeds. The original fox terrier type was documented in England in the 18th century.
Mountain Feist and Jack Russell Terriers
Because of similarities in appearance, Mountain Feists are sometimes mistaken for Jack Russell Terriers, particularly in shelters and dog pounds. However, certain physical characteristics separate the two, and can be easy to identify to the trained eye. The coat of a feist is generally softer and smoother than that of a rough-coated Jack Russell. Its legs are longer and the tail of a Mountain Feist is usually shorter than that of a Jack Russell.
Despite some physical similarities, however, the behavior and temperament of a Mountain Feist and a Jack Russell are often quite different. Most feists are fairly quiet dogs, and lack the tendency toward excessive barking demonstrated by some Jack Russells and other hunting dogs. Jack Russells also tend to be more combative. Finally, while active, most Mountain Feists do not generally exhibit the frenetic energy of Jack Russells.
Some Mountain Feist bloodlines were indeed bred down from Jack Russell Terriers, crossing most likely with treeing dogs, such as Treeing Walker Hounds. Jack Russell traits often remain visible despite this crossbreeding. These descendants usually are mostly white in color with brown or black around the head and neck, with tall stand up, or button ears. These dogs usually hunt in packs in the Appalachian and Ozark Mountains. They use their eyes and ears exceptionally well.
Feist and Rat Terrier
Crossing of feist dogs has occurred since they are bred primarily for performance as hunting dogs. Despite considerable confusion, Mountain Feist or Treeing Feist dogs are their own unique breed. Where Rat Terriers are considered a specific breed within the feist type. Because the word "feist" refers to a general type of dog just as "hound" and "terrier" refer to a group of breeds, Rat Terriers are still often called "feists". The terriers brought to the US in the 1890s from England were crossed with feist dogs already here, in addition to some of the toy breeds (Toy Fox Terrier, Manchester Terrier, and Chihuahua) resulting in a smaller feist type dog with a more uniform appearance.
References
Further reading
The Sound and the Fury "(as "fice dog") and other works by William Faulkner
External links
American Treeing Feist Association
Breed standards at nationalkennelclub.com
UKC Treeing Feist Standard (2004) (archived)
Feist dog trees a panther (early 1800s)
Hunting dogs
Gundogs | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feist%20%28dog%29 |
Russian Orthodox bell ringing has a history starting from the baptism of Rus in 988 and plays an important role in the traditions of the Russian Orthodox Church.
Theology
The ringing of bells is one of the most essential elements of an Orthodox church. Church bells are rung to:
Summon the faithful to services
Express the triumphal joy of the Christian Church
Announce important moments during the services both to those in church and to those who are not able to be physically present in the church, so that all may be united in prayer
Strengthen Christians in piety and faith by its sound, which Orthodox Christians believe is "alloyed with divine grace to disperse and destroy the forces of cruelty and of demonic suggestion"
Proclaim important events, such as the death of a member of the church; the arrival of an important person, such as the bishop or civil ruler; an emergency such as fire or flood; or victory in battle (as dramatically recreated in the triumphant conclusion of the 1812 Overture).
The use of bells is not only practical, but is also considered to be spiritual. Bells are sometimes referred to as "singing icons", because they establish the acoustic space of an Orthodox temple just as painted icons and hymnography define its visual and noetic space, respectively. Icons are considered "scripture in image" as bells are "scripture in sound".
There are several liturgical services which point out the importance of bells in the Russian Orthodox Church: Blessing the Foundation of a New Bell Tower, Blessing a New Bell Tower (after construction is completed), Blessing, Naming, and Chrismating a Bell. There is also a service for the blessing of a bell ringer.
Bells are blessed with a ritual containing many of the elements of the Rite of Baptism. The new bell is blessed with holy water and censed, both outside and inside, and the priest lays hands on the bell to bless it. During the rite, the bell is "named" (that is, consecrated in honour of a saint, whose icon has often been molded into the side of the bell when it was cast at the foundry—but though a bell may be called the "Gabriel" bell, it would never be called the "St. Gabriel" bell, because a bell is not a saint).
The bell is also anointed with chrism, just as an Orthodox Christian is at chrismation. The theological understanding of bells as "weapons" in spiritual warfare, and their role in the Christian life is emphasized during the rite by the scripture lesson from :
"And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying: Make for yourself two silver trumpets … And they shall be for you for the calling of the assembly … When you sound an alarm … And if you shall go forth to war … And in the days of your rejoicing …"
The use of bells is symbolic of the proclamation of the Gospel. Sometimes Orthodox churches and monasteries will combine the use of bells with the striking of a wooden or metal semantron, with the semantron being sounded first, then the bells being rung later. The quieter and simpler sound of the semantron is understood to symbolize the Old Testament prophets, for it is the symbol only of a coming event, whereas the ringing of the bells is spread far into the air symbolizing the annunciation of the Gospel throughout the world.
History
After the conversion of Kievan Rus to Christianity in the 10th century, bells came gradually into use everywhere. Originally, a flat piece of wood or metal called a semantron would be beaten rhythmically with a mallet to summon the faithful to services. This was especially true in monasteries, some of which still to this day use both semantrons and bells.
While the semantron was inherited from Greece, the use of church bells was imported into Russia from Western Europe. The Russian word for bell is kolokol, which comes from the German word glocke, derived from the Latin clocca, which in turn appears to come from the Irish clog. The word for bell in Church Slavonic is kampan, which is derived from Latin campana. During the fifteenth century the semantron began to be gradually replaced by bells. At that time, several foundries for bell making were established in Russia. Russian church bells are commonly cast using a mixture of bronze and tin, often with silver added to the bell metal, to produce their unique sonority and resonance. Russian bells also tend to differ from Western bells in the proportion of their height to width, and the method of varying the thickness of the walls of the bell. The clapper ("tongue") of the bell also follows a different design than that used in the West.
The art of bellfounding reached its pinnacle in the 18th century, with the production of unimaginably huge bells. The largest bell in the world, the Tsar Bell (218 tons) was cast in 1733 for the Ivan the Great Bell Tower in Moscow. Unfortunately, the Tsar Bell was damaged in a fire in 1737 before it could be successfully hung, and stands today at the base of the tower. The largest working bell in the world is the Dormition Bell (144,000 lb) which hangs in the same Ivan the Great Bell Tower.
After the Bolshevik Revolution, the Soviet Union severely persecuted Christianity. Numerous bells were destroyed and during certain periods the production of church bells all but stopped. After the fall of the Iron Curtain the production of bells resumed, and has experienced a surge of activity as many of the churches that were destroyed are being rebuilt.
Technique of ringing
Technically, bells rung in the Russian tradition are sounded exclusively by chiming (i.e., moving only the clapper so that it strikes the side of a stationary bell) and never by swinging the bell. For the Russian tradition a special complex system of ropes is used, designed individually for each belltower. All the ropes are gathered at approximately one point, where the bell-ringer (zvonar) stands. Some ropes (the smaller ones) are played by hand. The bigger ropes are played by foot. The major part of the ropes (usually – all ropes) are not actually pulled, but rather pressed. Since one end of every rope is fixed, and the ropes are kept in tension, a press or even a punch on a rope makes a clapper strike the side of its bell.
The secrets of this technique have passed from generation to generation, but by the 20th century this art was almost lost. Training took place only at workshops until 2008, then the first permanent traditional bell-ringing school opened in Moscow, under the leadership of Drozdihin Ilya.
No melody is employed, as in the Western carillon, but rather a complicated polyrhythmical sequence of sounds is produced. "The foundation of Orthodox bell ringing lies not in melody but in rhythm, with its intrinsic dynamic, and in the interaction of the timbres of [various] bells." These sequences have a very special harmony, since Russian bells (unlike Western European ones) are not tuned to a single note. Western bells usually have an octave between the loudest upper tone ("ring") and the loudest lower tone ("hum"). Russian bells have a seventh between these sounds. Generally, a good Russian bell is tuned to produce a whole scale of sounds (up to several dozen of them). This effect is accomplished both by the composition of the alloy from which the bell is cast and the sculpting of the sides of the bell in the mold.
Types of ringing
The Russian Orthodox typicon provides for different types of bell ringing. Different ringing is used on different days (on working days, on Sunday, on holy days, during fasts, Lent, Easter etc.) Different ringing is required for different services (for morning service, service for the dead, Liturgy, etc.). These differences are accomplished by ringing particular bells in particular ways.
Terminology
To understand the Russian Orthodox method of bell ringing, it is necessary to recognize a few items of terminology. The bells in an Orthodox bell tower (zvonnitsa) are organized into three groups:
Zazvonny— the smallest, or soprano bells.
Podzvonny— the middle, or alto bells.
Blagovestnik— the largest, or bass bells.
Within each of these three groups there may be several bells of varying size, all within the general range of the group. The larger the bell, the deeper its voice.
A zvon is a toll on any bell or bells.
A zvonar is a bell ringer. In the Orthodox church, this is a tonsured (clerical) position, and there is a distinct service of the "Setting Apart of a Bell Ringer". The use of electric bells is forbidden in the Orthodox Church, because it is a sacred function, and may only be performed by a member of the church. Before he goes into the belltower, the zvonar will go to the priest (or the igumen if it is a monastery) for a blessing to ring the bells.
Different ringing is used at different moments of the service (before the service, during the most essential parts of the All-Night Vigil or Divine Liturgy, while the departed is being carried to the cemetery, etc.). Four kinds of canonical tolls are distinguished, which, rung separately or in combination, comprise all the diversity of Orthodox bell-ringing: Blagovest, Perebor, Perezvon, and Trezvon.
Blagovest
The blagovest is the measured striking of a single large bell (called the blagovestnik). Blagovest means "annunciation", or "good news" because with this ringing the believers are notified that the divine service is about to begin in the church.
As a separate toll before the beginning of a divine service, the blagovest commences
with three slow strokes (i.e., with rather long pauses between), and thereafter continues
with more frequent, measured strokes, sometimes ending with three more slow strokes. According to the Typikon, the blagovest should last for as long as it takes to read through Psalm 118 (Septuagint; KJV: Psalm 119) once, or Psalm 50 (KJV: Psalm 51) twelve times.
Depending on the type of the divine service, the blagovest is classified as "regular"
(obyknovenny, i.e., fast and often accomplished by swinging the clapper to both sides of
the bell), or "Lenten" (postny, i.e., slow, and on only one side of the bell). On Great Feasts the blagovest is tolled on the largest blagovestnik in the tower and the toll as a rule is faster, louder, and longer.
Besides the normal blagovest, in Orthodox ringing there is another, named “tidal”
(valovoy) or "great" (bolshoi), when strokes on the largest blagovestnik are mixed with
tolls on another blagovestnik.
The Blagovest can be sounded on different bells, depending on the day. Large bell towers typically have five Blagovestniki (ranged from larger to smaller):
Festal or Triumphal (Prazdnichny or Torzhestvenny)
Polyeleos (Polyeleyny)
Sunday (Voskresny)
Daily or Ferial (Budnichny or Prostodnevny)
Small or Lenten (Maly or Postny).
Perebor
The Perebor is the funeral zvon. Each individual bell is struck once, from the smallest to the largest, in a slow, steady peal. After that, all of the bells are struck together at the same time. Striking the bells from the smallest to the largest symbolizes the stages of a person's life from birth to death; the final striking of all the bells together symbolizes the end of earthly life. During the perebor, each stroke of a bell should not be made until the sound of the previous bell has died away. The perebor may be repeated as many times as necessary, and is tolled as the body of the deceased is carried from the temple (church building) to the grave.
Perezvon
The Perezvon () is the striking of each of the bells, once or several times, from largest to the smallest, with a final stroke on all at once. The pattern may be repeated many times, but the final stroke on all bells is made only at the very end.
This peal symbolizes what the Orthodox Church holds to be the kenosis (self-emptying) of God the Son when he became incarnate (), and is sounded only twice a year, on Great Friday and Great Saturday during those moments which recount Jesus' death on the cross and his burial.
Trezvon
The Trezvon (triple-peal) is the rhythmical ringing of multiple bells, using all the major groups of the bell scale. The trezvon is the most joyous of the various types of rings. The order of ringing the different bells is not fixed, but may be composed by the bell-ringer himself and prompted by his creativity and self-expression. For the trezvon, the elaborate pattern is repeated three times, with a short pause between each repetition. All three groups of bells participate in the trezvon (soprano, alto, bass), and each group has its own part in the peal. Traditionally, the meter for a trezvon is or . The largest bell which can participate in it is the blagovestnik which was used to ring the blagovest for the given service, or a smaller bell, but not a larger one.
The trezvon is usually rung in three stages: the beginning, the zvon itself, and the finale. The beginning usually consists of three slow tolls on the blagovestnik for that day, symbolizing the Holy Trinity. The main part of the trezvon, the zvon, is often performed in several movements— one, two, or three, often called “verses”— each of which is finished with one, two, or three chords (formed by striking several select bells at once), corresponding to the number of verses. Each movement might have its own particular rhythm, dynamic, and composition. The trezvon is usually finished with three chords. The length of the
trezvon is normally the length of the time it takes to read of Psalm 50; but on more festive occasions it should be longer.
The Dvuzvon (double-peal) is the same as a Trezvon, except the pattern is repeated only twice instead of three times.
Occasions
The above types of zvons may be combined and rung at particular times during the same service, or used exclusively on certain occasions. The following are general guidelines, and cannot accommodate the full richness and diversity of the Russian Orthodox Church. There are also variations in local tradition.
All-Night Vigil
Divine Liturgy
Holy Week and Pascha
Feast days
Funerals
Victory Day (9 May) within Russia, during the playing of Slavsya and occasionally the final bars of the National Anthem of Russia
Gallery
See also
Carillon
Chime (bell instrument)
Full circle ringing
References
External links
Recordings of Russian bells
Examples of Russian Orthodox bell ringing at Predanie.ru media archive
Russian Society of bell ringers
A picture of the consecration of a bell by a bishop
The Order for the Blessing, Naming, and Chrismation of a Bell
Typikon for Church Bell Ringing
Articles containing video clips
Campanology
Eastern Orthodox liturgy
Musicology
Liturgy of the Hours
Russian music
Russian Orthodox Church | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian%20Orthodox%20bell%20ringing |
Bargi Dam is one of the first completed dams out of the chain of 30 major dams to be constructed on Narmada River in Madhya Pradesh, India. Two major irrigation projects, named Bargi Diversion Project and Rani Avantibai Lodhi Sagar Project, have been developed by the Bargi Dam administration.
References
External links
Dams in Madhya Pradesh
Hydroelectric power stations in Madhya Pradesh
Tourist attractions in Jabalpur district
Narmada River
Dams on the Narmada River
Buildings and structures in Jabalpur
Dams completed in 1998
1998 establishments in Madhya Pradesh
20th-century architecture in India | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bargi%20Dam |
The Riverwest Currents is a monthly newspaper published in Milwaukee, Wisconsin since 1999 by owner/publisher Vince Bushell. It has sometimes used the slogan "The Community Voice of Milwaukee's Left Bank," which was coined in 2001 by Dan Knauss (then the Currents' web editor) as a reference to the generally liberal or leftist reputation of the Riverwest neighborhood and the general ethos of the publication.
External links
Riverwest Currents official website
Newspapers published in Wisconsin
Mass media in Milwaukee
Newspapers established in 1999
1999 establishments in Wisconsin | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riverwest%20Currents |
Indoor cross country is a relatively new test of equestrian skills. It involves the use of both show jumping-type obstacles and cross country-type obstacles (including banks, water, logs, and brush fences) in a course of an indoor arena.
Indoor cross-country has mainly been performed in Europe. However, Britain offered its first competition at the British Open Show Jumping Championships in April 2006. Such was the success of this event, which included riders such as Zara Phillips and Jeanette Brakewell, that the event is now one of the main attractions at the British Open. In the Autumn of 2006, the Royal Fair in Toronto launched their version after consultation with the British Open organizers.
Rails down add penalties to the rider's score, as does going over time.
External links
(this goes directly to a video of an indoor derby)
Show jumping/
Eventing | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indoor%20cross-country |
The soundtrack for the film Elizabethtown, directed by Cameron Crowe, constitutes multiple volumes released by RCA Records between 2005-2006. The first volume of original songs from the movie, titled Elizabethtown: Songs from the Motion Picture, was released September 13, 2005. The physical CD release of this first volume remains in print at the time of writing, but is not as pictured here, featuring instead the red cover art seen on AllMusic, and does not include the last song "Plush" referenced by the track listing here. The original score, composed by rock musician Nancy Wilson, was released on October 14, 2005. The four-song extended play Songs for the Ride Home was released as a limited-time iTunes Exclusive on December 20, 2005. A full-length follow-up collection, titled Elizabethtown: Volume 2, was released on February 7, 2006, and replaced Songs for the Ride Home on iTunes
Overall, the albums featured original music by rock musician Nancy Wilson, as well as songs by Tom Petty, Elton John, Lindsey Buckingham, Ryan Adams, My Morning Jacket,
Jeff Finlin, and other artists.
Track listing
Volume 1
"60B (Etown Theme)" – Nancy Wilson
"It'll All Work Out" – Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers
"My Father's Gun" – Elton John
"io (This Time Around)" – Helen Stellar
"Come Pick Me Up" – Ryan Adams
"Where to Begin" – My Morning Jacket
"Long Ride Home" – Patty Griffin
"Sugar Blue" – Jeff Finlin
"Don't I Hold You" – Wheat
"Shut Us Down" – Lindsey Buckingham
"Let It Out (Let It All Hang Out)" – The Hombres
"Hard Times (Come Again No More)" – Eastmountainsouth
"Jesus Was a Cross Maker" – The Hollies
"Square One" – Tom Petty
"Same in Any Language" – I Nine
"Plush" – 13th Step
Songs for the Ride Home
"Words" – Ryan Adams
"Jesus Was a Cross Maker" – Rachael Yamagata
"Oh Yeah" – Nancy Wilson
"Moon River" – Patty Griffin
Volume 2
"Learning to Fly" – Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers
"English Girls Approximately" – Ryan Adams
"Jesus Was a Cross Maker" – Rachael Yamagata
"Funky Nassau" – The Beginning of the End
"Loro" – Pinback
"Moon River" – Patty Griffin
"Summerlong" – Kathleen Edwards
"...Passing By" – Ulrich Schnauss
"You Can't Hurry Love" – The Concretes
"River Road" – Nancy Wilson
"Same in Any Language" – My Morning Jacket
"What Are They Doing in Heaven Today" – Washington Phillips
"Words" – Ryan Adams
"Big Love" (Live)- Lindsey Buckingham
"I Can't Get Next to You" – The Temptations
Original score
"60B (Etown Theme)"
"Same in Any Lingo"
"Scruffy Busque"
"River Kiss"
"River Drive"
"Headstone"
"Grey Sky's Blue"
"Flame to Ashes"
"Zapata"
"Dirty Shirt"
"C Roll"
"Family Table"
"Drew's Theme"
"Telephone Waltz"
"California Baylor"
"River Road"
"Fiasco"
"Containing Magic"
"Bicycle Kid"
"Every Snowflake"
"Sun on a Rug"
References
Comedy film soundtracks
2005 soundtrack albums
2006 soundtrack albums
RCA Records soundtracks
Rock soundtracks
Pop soundtracks
Alternative country albums by American artists
Albums produced by Cameron Crowe | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabethtown%20%28soundtrack%29 |
Park Ridge is an active commuter railroad station in the borough of Park Ridge, Bergen County, New Jersey. Located at the intersection of Park and Hawthorne Avenues, the station services trains on the Pascack Valley Line, which runs from Hoboken Terminal to Spring Valley station in New York. The station contains a single low-level side platform split by Park Avenue (County Route 92) and a wooden station depot, built by the Hackensack and New York Extension Railroad. As a result, Park Ridge station is not handicap accessible under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.
Railroad service through Park Ridge began on May 27, 1871 with the final extension of the Hackensack and New York Extension Railroad from Hillsdale station in New Jersey to the junction with the Erie Railroad Piermont Branch at Nanuet. However, in order to establish a stop in Park Ridge, the railroad requested Washington Township residents fund the construction of a new depot.
History
The station house has been listed in the state and federal registers of historic places since 1984 and is part of the Operating Passenger Railroad Stations Thematic Resource.
Station layout
The station has one track and one low-level side platform.
Permit parking is operated by the Borough of Park Ridge. There are two permit parking lots available, with 100 and 34 parking spots, respectively.
See also
List of New Jersey Transit stations
National Register of Historic Places listings in Bergen County, New Jersey
References
External links
Station and Station House from Park Avenue from Google Maps Street View
NJ Transit Rail Operations stations
Park Ridge, New Jersey
Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in New Jersey
Former Erie Railroad stations
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1871
Railway stations in Bergen County, New Jersey
National Register of Historic Places in Bergen County, New Jersey
New Jersey Register of Historic Places
1871 establishments in New Jersey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Park%20Ridge%20station%20%28NJ%20Transit%29 |
Punk Goes 80's is the fourth in album in the Punk Goes... series created by Fearless Records. It contains covers of songs that were popular in the 1980s covered by various alternative rock, and pop punk bands. This is also the first album to feature the song "Your Love" by The Outfield being covered by the band Midtown. The song would later appear again on the compilation Punk Goes Classic Rock being covered then by electronicore band I See Stars.
Track listing
References
Covers albums
Punk Goes series
2005 compilation albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punk%20Goes%2080%27s |
Jean d'Arcet or Jean Darcet (7 September 1724 – 12 February 1801) was a French chemist, and director of the porcelain works at Sèvres. He was one of the first to manufacture porcelain in France.
Darcet was probably born in Doazit, where his family resided, but was baptised in Audignon.
In 1774 he was appointed professor of chemistry in the Collège de France and in 1795 he became a member of the Institute.
He died in Paris.
His publications include: Sur l'action d'un feu égal sur un grand nombre de terres (1766–71); Expériences sur plusieurs diamants et pierres précieuses (1772); Rapport sur l'electricité dans les maladies nerveuses (1783).
See also
Royal Commission on Animal Magnetism
References
Jaime Wisniak: "Jean Darcet", Revista CENIC Ciencias Químicas, Vol. 35, No. 2, 2004.
Bailly, J.-S., "Secret Report on Mesmerism or Animal Magnetism", International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, Vol.50, No.4, (October 2002), pp. 364–368. doi=10.1080/00207140208410110
Franklin, B., Majault, M.J., Le Roy, J.B., Sallin, C.L., Bailly, J.-S., d'Arcet, J., de Bory, G., Guillotin, J.-I. & Lavoisier, A., "Report of The Commissioners charged by the King with the Examination of Animal Magnetism", International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, Vol.50, No.4, (October 2002), pp. 332–363. doi=10.1080/00207140208410109
Academic staff of the Collège de France
18th-century French chemists
Members of the French Academy of Sciences
1724 births
1801 deaths | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean%20Darcet |
Dorothy Jones Heydt (1942-2022) was a United States author of science fiction and fantasy. She lived on the U.S. West Coast and was an active participant in the Usenet newsgroups rec.arts.sf.written and rec.arts.sf.fandom, and in science fiction fandom in general. She was the originator of the "Eight Deadly Words" ("I don't care what happens to these people"), and other fan quotes. She was the originator and first editor of the Star Trek Concordance, an extensive resource guide first published in March 1969.
A linguist, she invented one of the first widely used Vulcan conlangs in 1967 for a Star Trek fan fiction series. Its words were picked up and used by other fan fiction authors such as Claire Gabriel. One term, ni var, meaning "two form", an art form in which two contrasting aspects of a subject are compared, is still used on Star Trek: Enterprise, as the name of a Vulcan ship and on Star Trek: Discovery as the new name of the planet Vulcan itself.
She wrote numerous short stories and two novels; she sometimes wrote as "Katherine Blake." Many of her stories appeared in collections edited by Marion Zimmer Bradley, including the Sword and Sorceress series, and stories in the Darkover series shared world. Marion Zimmer Bradley's Fantasy Magazine published many of her stories.
While not one of the founding members of the Society for Creative Anachronism, she did participate in the early years and helped establish important elements of the ceremonies, such as the oath of fealty used in peerage ceremonies.
Dorothy Heydt died on June 28, 2022.
Selected works
Novels
The Interior Life, as Katherine Blake. Baen Books (1990),
A Point of Honor. Daw Books (1998)
References
External links
Detailed list of published works.
Review of The Interior Life by Jo Walton
20th-century American novelists
American science fiction writers
American women novelists
Usenet people
Women science fiction and fantasy writers
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy%20J.%20Heydt |
SS Samtampa was a 7,219 ton steamship wrecked on Sker Point, off Porthcawl and Kenfig, Wales, in the Bristol Channel on 23 April 1947. At the time of the shipwreck, the Samtampa was operated by the Houlder Line.
There were 47 fatalities in the incident, 39 from the ship and 8 volunteer crew of the lifeboat RNLB Edward, Prince of Wales (ON 678) from The Mumbles Lifeboat Station who died attempting to save the crew of the Samtampa. The lifeboat had returned to base, but had been sent out a second time. An oil spill from the tanks of the wrecked ship created an area of calm water, which the lifeboat coxswain, William Gammon (previously a winner of the RNLI Gold Medal), attempted to use to their advantage to enable them to pull alongside, and those who died were choked by the oil rather than drowning. The ship had sailed from Middlesbrough and most of the 39 crew hailed from the Teesside area.
A memorial to the victims of the Samtampa tragedy is in Porthcawl Cemetery and a commemorative plaque can be found marking the "final resting place of The Mumbles lifeboat" at Sker Point. The location of the wreck was
In recognition of the sixtieth anniversary, a church service took place in Porthcawl on Saturday 21 April followed by a smaller service at Sker Point.
On Sunday 23rd April 2022, Porthcawl Runners hosted a 75th anniversary fun run on Mumbles Seafront. A year later, they held a similar run at Porthcawl Promenade, slightly longer in length, but with twice as many entrants. So, far the events have raised over £3000 for the RNLI and it is hoped that with its growing popularity, the event will take place every year.
The Samtampa had been launched as the SS Peleg Wadsworth, a liberty ship built by the New England Shipbuilding Corporation at South Portland, Maine, and launched on 12 December 1943. Sent to Britain under the Lend-Lease program, the ship was renamed, and managed by the Houlder Line on behalf of the Ministry of War Transport.
References
External links
70th Anniversary of the sinking of the SS Samtampa (BBC)
National Monuments Record of Wales
Liberty ships
Steamships
Shipwrecks in the Bristol Channel
Maritime incidents in 1947
Shipwrecks of Wales
1947 disasters in the United Kingdom
1943 ships | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS%20Samtampa |
Mayna () is the name of several urban localities in Russia:
Mayna, Republic of Khakassia, a work settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of Sayanogorsk, Republic of Khakassia
Mayna, Ulyanovsk Oblast, a work settlement in Maynsky District of Ulyanovsk Oblast
See also
Chuvashskaya Mayna, a rural locality (a selo) in Alexeyevsky District of the Republic of Tatarstan
Nizhnyaya Tatarskaya Mayna, a rural locality (a village) in Aksubayevsky District of the Republic of Tatarstan
Novaya Mayna, an urban locality (a work settlement) in Melekessky District of Ulyanovsk Oblast
Staraya Mayna, an urban locality (a work settlement) in Staromaynsky District of Ulyanovsk Oblast | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayna%20%28inhabited%20locality%29 |
"Any Man of Mine" is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian country music singer Shania Twain. It was issued to US radio in April 1995 as the second single from her second studio album The Woman in Me (1995). Twain wrote the song with Robert John "Mutt" Lange, who also produced it. The song became Twain's first number one hit at country radio, and it peaked within the top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100. It was released to country radio in April 1995, and topped the charts for two weeks in July.
Though "Whose Bed Have Your Boots Been Under" was issued to US radio in January 1995 and "Any Man of Mine" being issued to radio in April 1995, Twain's label released her first two singles as double A-side single commercially in the USA in June 1995. In August 1995, the single was certified Gold for 500,000 sales. "Any Man of Mine" was released commercially as a stand-alone single internationally.
"Any Man of Mine" also proved to be a critical success; it was nominated for both Best Country Song and Best Female Country Vocal Performance at the 1996 Grammy Awards. It won Single of the Year at both the Canadian Country Music Awards and Country Music Radio Awards in 1995. It also won Country Single of the Year at the 1996 Jukebox Awards and Song of the Year at the 1996 RPM Big Country Music Awards.
Critical reception
Larry Flick of Billboard wrote, "Twain aims right for the dance clubs with this hi-tech hoedown. The lyrics are dancefloor dumb, but the song is undeniably catchy. Besides, any song that borrows a vocal hook from the Three Stooges can't be all bad." British magazine Music Week gave the song five out of five, commenting, "Another Canadian singer breaking national borders and stylistic barriers. This debut single from the new album features hubby Mutt Lange's crunching but considered rock production (and vocals) plus enough country to catch the ear." The magazine's Alan Jones noted that "it is a very powerful singalong style song, with heavy syncopated drums – a la We Will Rock You – and has been on heavy rotation for some time on Country 1035."
Music video
The music video for "Any Man of Mine" was shot in Santa Ynez, California, and directed by John Derek and Charley Randazzo. The video showcases Twain's famed midriff, while she dances around in jeans and a jean-vest. The country theme of the video is prominent, filmed at a ranch, with Twain being around a horse, and driving a truck pulling a horse trailer. "Any Man of Mine" won the Canadian Country Music Award for Video of the Year, AOL's Online Music Award for Hottest Country Video and CMT Europe's Video of the Year. Two videos were made, one with the Video Version, which extends the ending of the Album Version very slightly, and one with the Alternate Mix, which removes the steel guitar present in the other version. The Video Version is available on Twain's DVD The Platinum Collection.
On YouTube, as of May 2023, "Any Man of Mine" is Twain's fourth most-viewed video with 176 million views, behind "You're Still the One" with 230 million, "From This Moment On" with 298 million views, and "Man! I Feel Like a Woman!" with 356 million.
Chart performance
"Any Man of Mine" debuted at number 66 on the US Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart the week of May 13, 1995. At that time, it was her highest debut, a record previously held by "Dance with the One That Brought You". It spent 20 weeks on the chart and peaked at number one on July 22, 1995, where it remained for two weeks. The song became Twain's first number one single and her first Top 10 single. The song was also the first number one on the Billboard country chart to be performed by a non-American since fellow Canadian Anne Murray hit number one with "Now and Forever (You and Me)" on April 26, 1986. The single also spent ten weeks atop Billboards Country Singles Sales chart. "Any Man of Mine" reached a peak of number 31 on the Billboard Hot 100, becoming her first single on that chart; the song reached number 13 in sales.
Official versions
Album Version (4:07)
Video Version (4:15)
Alternate Mix (4:15)1
Acapella (3:55)
1The Alternate Mix sees the removal of the Steel Guitar. This version was originally issued on the international pressings of the CD single but was not credited in the liner notes.
Track listingsUK CD single"Any Man of Mine" — 4:06
"Raining on Our Love" — 4:38
"God Ain't Gonna Getcha for That" — 2:44
"Still Under the Weather" — 3:06Europe CD single'''
"Any Man of Mine" — 4:06
"Still Under the Weather" — 3:06
Parodies
In 1995, disc jockey Gino Ruberto, then working at KEEY-FM in Minneapolis, Minnesota, recorded a parody called "Any Gal of Mine" under the pseudonym Gino the New Guy. This parody charted for twelve weeks on the Billboard Hot Country Singles Tracks chart, peaking at number 56 despite not being distributed by a record label. Country music parodist Cledus T. Judd released a parody entitled "If Shania Was Mine" from his 1996 album I Stoled This Record''.
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
Notes
1995 singles
Shania Twain songs
Songs written by Robert John "Mutt" Lange
Song recordings produced by Robert John "Mutt" Lange
Songs written by Shania Twain
Mercury Nashville singles
1995 songs
Canadian Country Music Association Single of the Year singles
Canadian Country Music Association Video of the Year videos
Music videos directed by John Derek | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Any%20Man%20of%20Mine |
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