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Furoxan or 1,2,5-oxadiazole 2-oxide is a heterocycle of the isoxazole family and an amine oxide derivative of furazan. It is a nitric oxide donor. As such, furoxan and its derivatives are actively researched as potential new drugs (Ipramidil) and insensitive high density explosives (4,4’-Dinitro-3,3’-diazenofuroxan).
Furoxanes can be formed by dimerization of nitrile oxides.
References
Amine oxides
Oxadiazoles | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furoxan |
David John Constant (born 9 November 1941) is a former English professional cricketer and cricket umpire. He played first-class cricket from 1961 to 1968 for Kent County Cricket Club and Leicestershire County Cricket Club. He later became an international umpire, officiating in 36 Test matches from 1971 to 1988 and 33 one-day internationals from 1972 to 2001.
Constant began his first-class cricket career with Kent in 1961 before moving to Leicestershire in 1965 and playing there until 1968. He was a middle-order batsman who made 67 first-class appearances. In total he scored 1,517 first-class runs at a batting average of 19.20 with a highest score of 80. Tony Lewis described his innings against Glamorgan on a difficult pitch at Leicester in 1965 as "one of the bravest innings I ever saw".
His first Test as umpire was the Third Test between England and Pakistan in July 1971. He last stood in an international cricket match in the England v. Australia One Day International at The Oval, London in June 2001. He was the longest-serving umpire in county cricket, spending 38 years on the first-class umpires' list.
See also
List of Test cricket umpires
List of One Day International cricket umpires
References
External links
1941 births
Living people
English Test cricket umpires
English One Day International cricket umpires
English cricketers
Kent cricketers
Leicestershire cricketers
People from Bradford-on-Avon | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Constant |
Hilary Kirsten Lindh (born May 10, 1969) is a former World Cup alpine ski racer from the United States. A specialist in the downhill event, she was a world champion and Olympic medalist.
Life
Born in Juneau, Alaska, Lindh learned to ski and race at Eaglecrest Ski Area on Douglas Island. She was just 14 when she was named to the U.S. Ski Team. By 16, she had become the first American to win a World Junior Championships downhill title. All this was done while with Kathy Miklossy and Alex Mitkus in Utah, away from her parents. She represented the U.S. in three Olympics and won the silver medal in the downhill at the 1992 Olympics in Albertville, France. In 1994, she won the 100th World Cup race by an American skier, one of three World Cup victories during her career. She was the only American to win a medal at the 1997 World Championships, capturing the gold medal in the women's downhill in Sestriere, Italy.
During her 11 years in World Cup racing, Lindh had three victories, five podiums, and 27 top ten finishes. She retired from international competition after the 1997 World Cup season. She earned a bachelor's degree in biology at the University of Utah and a master's degree in conservation ecology in Canada, and is an environmental consultant. Married with a daughter, she resides in Whitehorse, Yukon; her husband is the mountain operations manager at the Mt. Sima ski area.
Lindh was inducted into the National Ski Hall of Fame in 2005.
Lindh is a granddaughter of performer and patron of the arts Connie Boochever and Federal appeals court judge Robert Boochever.
World Cup victories
Other results
1986 U.S. National Champion and World Junior Champion in Downhill at age 16 in a three-week span.
Four U.S. National Championships titles.
References
External links
Hilary Lindh World Cup standings at the International Ski Federation
1969 births
Alpine skiers at the 1988 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 1992 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiers at the 1994 Winter Olympics
American female alpine skiers
Living people
People from Juneau, Alaska
Sportspeople from Alaska
Medalists at the 1992 Winter Olympics
Olympic silver medalists for the United States in alpine skiing
University of Utah alumni
21st-century American women | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilary%20Lindh |
Löfgren syndrome is a type of acute sarcoidosis, an inflammatory disorder characterized by swollen lymph nodes in the chest, tender red nodules on the shins, fever and arthritis. It is more common in women than men, and is more frequent in those of Scandinavian, Irish, African and Puerto Rican heritage. It was described in 1953 by Sven Halvar Löfgren, a Swedish clinician. Some have considered the condition to be imprecisely defined.
Signs and symptoms
It is characterized by enlargement of the lymph nodes near the inner border of the lungs (called "hilar lymphadenopathy") as seen on x-ray, and tender red nodules (erythema nodosum) are classically present on the shins, predominantly in women. It may also be accompanied by arthritis (more prominent in men) and fever. The arthritis is often acute and involves the lower extremities, particularly the ankles.
Löfgren syndrome consists of the triad of erythema nodosum, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy on chest radiograph, and joint pain.
Genetics
Recent studies have demonstrated that the HLA-DRB1*03 is strongly associated with Löfgren syndrome.
Diagnosis
The triad of erythema nodosum, acute arthritis, and bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy is highly specific (>95%) for the diagnosis of Löfgren syndrome. When the triad is present, further testing with additional imaging and laboratory testing is unnecessary.
Treatment
NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) are the usual recommended treatment for Löfgren syndrome. Colchicine or low-dose prednisone may also be used.
Prognosis
Löfgren syndrome is associated with a good prognosis, with > 90% of patients experiencing disease resolution within 2 years. In contrast, patients with the disfiguring skin condition lupus pernio or cardiac or neurologic involvement rarely experience disease remission.
See also
List of cutaneous conditions
Sarcoidosis
References
External links
Syndromes affecting the respiratory system
Monocyte- and macrophage-related cutaneous conditions
Autoimmune diseases
Medical triads | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6fgren%20syndrome |
Verden Allen (born Terence Allen, 26 May 1944, Crynant, Neath, Wales) is a British organist and vocalist best known as a founding member of 1970s rock band Mott the Hoople. Before that band formed, he had in the mid-1960s been in a rhythm and blues cover band called The Inmates and recorded with Jimmy Cliff.
He left Mott after their breakthrough 1972 album All The Young Dudes. He is featured singing on a few Mott songs, including the demo version of "Nightmare", released on the (reissue) of the album Mott, as well as "Soft Ground" on the original release. After he left Mott, he joined up with future Pretenders members James Honeyman-Scott and Martin Chambers in a band called The Cheeks. They disbanded in 1976 after failing to get a record deal. On his 1999 solo album, For Each Other, Allen played all the instruments and the album was released by Angel Air Records, who reissued all the classic Mott the Hoople albums during the early 2000s.
In January 2009 it was confirmed that Allen and the other original members of Mott the Hoople would reform for two 40th anniversary reunion concerts in October 2009. This was later expanded to cover five dates, all at the Hammersmith Apollo. A further five-date tour followed, in November 2013, covering dates across the UK.
References
External links
Verden Allen Biography
Verden Allen entries at WorldCat.org
1944 births
Living people
People from Neath Port Talbot
Welsh keyboardists
Welsh rock musicians
Welsh male songwriters
Mott the Hoople members
Glam rock musicians
Welsh organists
British male organists
21st-century organists
21st-century British male musicians
British male songwriters | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verden%20Allen |
is a town in San Quintín Municipality, Baja California, located on the Pacific Coast of Mexico. The census of 2010 reported a population of 1,704 inhabitants.
Geography
El Rosario is a small town on the west coast of the state of Baja California on Highway 1, 61 km
south of San Quintín and 119 km north of Cataviña.
Economy
The town historically has been primarily fishing and agricultural, with the major crop being onions. Other local crops include chilies, alfalfa, potatoes, and beans. There are several nearby fishing camps at Punta Baja and Isla San Jerónimo. Bocana Beach (Spanish: La Bocana) is located approximately 5 miles west of El Rosario through the Arroyo and over the dunes.
Tourism
The town is located on Mexican Federal Highway 1 and also a stop on the Baja 1000 racing event. There are several markets in El Rosario, ranging from mini-markets and meat markets to traditional markets and liquor stores.
The town is one of many locations in Baja California visited by bird watchers, due to bird migration patterns. The Aplopappus vernicosus is a Mexican species of shrub in the family Asteraceae, that has been found almost exclusively in this town.
Just outside of the town of El Rosario (approximately 13 miles south) is the Las Pintas, a site for petroglyphs which dates back to over 2,000 years ago. There is also a nearby petrified forest.
Missions
Misión de El Rosario de Arriba
Misión Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario de Viñadaco
Misión de El Rosario de Abajo, now in ruins.
References
External links
Populated places in Baja California
San Quintín Municipality | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El%20Rosario%2C%20Baja%20California |
Rajesh Chandra is a Fijian academic. In February 2005 he was appointed the first Vice-Chancellor of the newly founded University of Fiji. He served as Vice-Chancellor and President of The University of the South Pacific (USP) ending his term in December 2018.
Chandra was born in Maro in Nadroga Navosa Province. He completed his Bachelor of Arts degree at The University of the South Pacific with distinction. and holds a PhD in Industrial/Development Geography, which he completed between 1981 and 1985 at the University of British Columbia. He is the author of more than 45 articles in academic journals and books. He is also the author or editor of five books, including Industrialization and Development in the Third World and An Atlas of Fiji, which is used as a textbook in all Fijian secondary schools.
USP career
Chandra served on the staff of the University of the South Pacific (USP), the South Pacific Islands regional university, from 1975 to 2005, before taking up the Vice-Chancellorship of the new University of Fiji. He was Deputy Vice-Chancellor at the USP for nine years, and also served for three years as Acting Vice-Chancellor, Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Academic), and Director of Planning and Development. From 1987 to 1988, he was Head of the School of Social and Economic Development, and from 1994 to 1996, of the Geography Department. In early June 2013, USP's council cleared Chandra of allegations (based on a petition circulated by a group called USP-devoted IE for Justice) of corruption and abuse of authority.
After retiring from USP in December 2018, Chandra's successor, Professor Pal Ahluwalia, alleged he had found evidence of significant abuse of office during Chandra's tenure. This included the promotion and overpayment of favoured managers and the systematic abuse of allowances and privileges, amounting to millions of dollars. The matter was investigated by New Zealand accounting firm BDO, which substantiated many of the allegations but the report was suppressed by the USP Council. The subsequent scandal over poor governance and mismanagement was widely documented in the international media. The University Council decided to move the headquarters of USP from Fiji to Samoa in protest at the Fiji Government's interference in the management of the regional institution.
International roles
Chandra served as Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Commonwealth Universities Study Abroad Consortium (CUSAC) from 1999 to 2003. He has been a visiting professor or research fellow at numerous institutions, including McGill University, the Macmillan Brown Centre for Pacific Studies at Canterbury University, the National Centre for Development Studies of the Australian National University, and the Pacific Islands Development Program, East-West Center, in Honolulu.
Personal life
Chandra is married with a son and a daughter.
References
Sources
The University of the South Pacific website
People from Nadroga-Navosa Province
Living people
University of the South Pacific alumni
Fijian Hindus
Year of birth missing (living people)
University of British Columbia alumni
Academic staff of the University of Fiji
Vice-chancellors of the University of the South Pacific
Fijian expatriates in Canada | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajesh%20Chandra |
Magnus Duncan Linklater, CBE (born 21 February 1942) is a Scottish journalist, writer, and former newspaper editor.
Early life and education
Linklater was born in Orkney, and is the son of Scottish writer Eric Linklater and arts campaigner Marjorie MacIntyre. He was brought up in Easter Ross, attending the local school at Nigg before moving to Belhaven Hill School in Dunbar, East Lothian, and then on to Eton College. He continued his studies with courses at Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg in Germany and the Sorbonne in Paris, before he studied for a degree at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, graduating with a second class honours degree in modern languages. He is of part Swedish descent, through his father Eric. His son is Archie Linklater.
Journalist
Linklater's career in journalism began in 1964 as a reporter with the Daily Express. This was followed by a period as reporter, then editor of the Londoner's Diary on the Evening Standard, before he moved to The Sunday Times in 1969, where he was magazine editor, news editor and executive editor (features). He had a central role in the Hitler diaries scandal. He remained at The Sunday Times until 1983. This was followed by three years at The Observer, where he was Managing Editor (News) before he was recruited to launch and edit the London Daily News, a short-lived newspaper owned by Robert Maxwell. Linklater returned to Scotland at the start of 1988 to become editor of The Scotsman, running the newspaper until 1994, when he left to become a freelance writer, and columnist for The Times. In 2007 he was appointed Scottish Editor of The Times, a position he held until 2012.
Since then he has continued as a regular contributor to The Times. From 1998 to 2007, he wrote a weekly column for The Scotsman's sister paper, Scotland on Sunday. Between 1994 and 1997 he presented the weekly discussion programme Eye to Eye on BBC Radio Scotland, and has written a number of books, including an account of the hoax autobiography of Howard Hughes, a life of Jeremy Thorpe, and an investigation of the Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie. He has also written books on Scottish history and politics.
He was appointed as chairman of the Scottish Arts Council in 1996, holding the post for five years, and is currently chairman of the Little Sparta Trust, which maintains Little Sparta, the garden of the late Ian Hamilton Finlay, in the Pentland Hills. He is President of the Saltire Society, and former Chairman of Horsecross Arts Limited, which manages Perth Concert Hall and Perth Theatre. In December 2019, He resigned along with other board members following accusations of financial mismanagement of the service.
Linklater was a candidate for the position of Rector of the University of Aberdeen in 1999 and Rector of University of Edinburgh in the 2006 election, finishing second, behind Scottish Green Party politician Mark Ballard. He is a Trustee of his wife's family estate in Perthshire.
He was a trustee of The New School, Butterstone, an educational and therapeutic provision for children failed by mainstream education. The school was forced to close in November 2018 in controversial circumstances and a subsequent enquiry identified significant failings in both management and governance.
In the 2001 Teissier affair, in which Elizabeth Teissier was awarded a doctorate in sociology for a thesis defending astrology, Linklater succinctly summarised that "the core problem of the incident was that '[Teissier] really believes in astrology. And there is the rub. If you seriously believe that the stars rule our lives, you have abandoned the most basic tenet of science which is knowledge obtained by observation and experiment.'" (Linklater, 2001, cited in Campion, 2016, pp. 90–91) Linklater was criticised for making Teissier into an "ontological criminal: what mattered for Teissier's academic qualification was not the quality of her work but her private beliefs" based on Linklater's alleged position that "the only source of knowledge can be science; the social sciences and humanities are automatically inferior explanatory models." The criticisms of Teissier's work, however, were not based on her astrological beliefs but on the poor quality of its scientific content and lack of legitimate sociology.
Linklater was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2013 New Year Honours for services to the arts and media in Scotland.
Personal life
Linklater lives in the New Town of Edinburgh. His house was badly damaged by a fire on New Year's Day 2006, destroying much of his art collection, including paintings by Samuel Peploe and William George Gillies.
References
External links
Magnus Linklater for Rector
Magnus Linklater's articles in Scotland on Sunday
Linklaters' insurance fear after fire, The Scotsman, 3 January 2006
1942 births
People educated at Belhaven Hill School
Alumni of Trinity Hall, Cambridge
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Living people
People educated at Eton College
Writers from Orkney
Scottish people of English descent
Scottish people of Swedish descent
Scottish columnists
Scottish journalists
Scottish newspaper editors
Scottish radio presenters
Spouses of life peers
The Scotsman people
Linklater family
Presidents of the Saltire Society | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnus%20Linklater |
The Battle of Honey Springs, also known as the Affair at Elk Creek, on July 17, 1863, was an American Civil War engagement and an important victory for Union forces in their efforts to gain control of the Indian Territory. It was the largest confrontation between Union and Confederate forces in the area that would eventually become Oklahoma. The engagement was also unique in the fact that white soldiers were the minority in both fighting forces. Native Americans made up a significant portion of each of the opposing armies and the Union force contained African-American units.
The battleground is about northeast of what is now Checotah, Oklahoma and south of Muskogee. It was also about southwest of Fort Gibson.
Background
At the start of the American Civil War, the United States had abandoned the Five Civilized Tribes so for cultural and economic reasons, all of the Five Civilized Tribes in Indian Territory opted to side with the Confederate States of America who had offered them protection, economic resources and sovereignty, raising native troops under the leadership of General Douglas H. Cooper. They drove out pro-Union Creek Indian forces after a short campaign culminating in the Battle of Chustenahlah. However, by 1863, Confederate fortunes in the region had sunk. A Union campaign launched from Kansas led by Major General James G. Blunt drove Confederacy forces from the north of the region, and many of the Cherokee switched sides to support the Union. Union forces led by Colonel William A. Phillips reoccupied Fort Gibson in Indian Territory during April, threatening Confederate forces at Fort Smith. However, Phillips' supply line stretched from Fort Gibson to Fort Scott, Kansas, to the north along the old Texas Road cattle trail. Confederate cavalry, operating from Cooper's encampment at Honey Springs, frequently harassed Fort Gibson and attacked its supply trains.
The Battle of Honey Springs was important for many reasons, among them:
The battle was the largest fought in the Indian Territory, based on numbers of troops engaged.
White soldiers were the minority in both Union and Confederate fighting forces. Native Americans made up a significant portion of each of the opposing armies and African Americans fought with the Union force.
The loss of the supplies at Honey Springs depot would likewise prove disastrous. Confederate forces, already operating on a shoe-string budget and with bad equipment, would come to increasingly rely on captured Union war material to keep up the fight.
Honey Springs was an important site along the Texas Road, a north–south artery between north Texas and Baxter Springs, Kansas or Joplin, Missouri. The side that controlled this place could control traffic along the road.
Honey Springs was a direct threat to Fort Gibson, which controlled shipping on the upper Arkansas River.
Preparations for battle
Honey Springs was a stage stop on the Texas Road before the Civil War. Its several springs provided water for men and horses. The U.S. Army equipped it with a commissary, log hospital, and numerous tents for troops. To prepare for an invasion, in 1863 the Confederate Army sent 6,000 soldiers to the spot. Provisions were supplied from Fort Smith, Boggy Depot, Fort Cobb, Fort Arbuckle, and Fort Washita. However, the Confederates failed to stop a 200-wagon Federal supply train in an engagement known as the Battle of Cabin Creek. The supply train reached Fort Gibson about the same time as General Blunt himself arrived, accompanied by more troops and artillery. Federal forces at the fort totalled only about 3,000 men.
According to his after-action report to General Schofield, Blunt arrived in the area on July 11. He found the Arkansas River was high and ordered his troops to begin building boats to ferry them across the river. During this time, he apparently contracted encephalitis, because he had to spend July 14 in bed fighting a high fever.
Believing they were numerically superior, the Confederates plotted a counteroffensive against Union forces at Fort Gibson, to be launched by Cooper's Indians and some attached Texan troops, and 3,000 soldiers of Brigadier General William Cabell's brigade, camped in Fort Smith, Arkansas, which were expected to reach Honey Springs by July 17. Cooper moved his army forward to Honey Springs, Indian Territory, an important Confederate supply depot, to rest and equip, while awaiting Cabell's brigade, marching to link up with Cooper. Union forces under General Blunt got wind of Cooper's plan however, and opted to attack him first, before Cabell arrived, which would have given the Confederates overwhelming numerical superiority. Blunt's command included three federal Indian Home Guard Regiments recruited from all the Five Nations and the 1st Kansas Colored Infantry, with two white cavalry battalions (6th Kansas and 3rd Wisconsin), one white infantry battalion consisting of six companies of the 2nd Colorado Infantry Regiment, and two Kansas artillery batteries making the remainder.
The Union advance
Blunt's troops crossed the Arkansas River in the late afternoon of July 16. They began marching toward Honey Springs at 11 P. M., and continued through the night. They encountered a Confederate picket near Chimney Rock, a local landmark. After routing the picket, they met a Confederate scouting party north of Elk Creek. They came upon the Confederate camp on Elk Creek early in the morning on July 17. Confederate pickets saw the enemy guns in the early light and rushed to inform Cooper. After eating breakfast and resting from the march, Blunt formed his men into two brigades. One brigade, led by William A. Phillips and composed of a battalion of the Sixth Kansas Cavalry, the First and Third Regiments of Indian Home Guards, a battalion of the Second Colorado Infantry, and Capt. Henry Hopkins's (four-gun) battery of Kansas Artillery, plus two guns of Captain Edward A. Smith's battery attached to the cavalry. The other brigade, commanded by Col. William R. Judson, consisted of the Third Wisconsin Cavalry, the Second Regiment of Indian Home Guards, and the First Kansas Colored Infantry with an estimated 700 soldiers, and the remainder of Smith's battery of Kansas Artillery.
Battle
Blunt's attack began on July 17, with desultory morning skirmishing that revealed many of the Confederate soldiers had wet gunpowder, causing numerous misfires and accidents. The main Union attack began at mid-afternoon, and the beginning of a rain squall intensified the Confederate's ammunition problems. Opposing artillerymen each eliminated one gun on the opposing side during an early artillery duel. Then Blunt saw an opportunity, and ordered the 1st Kansas Colored Infantry to attack. Colonel James M. Williams led the Colored Volunteer infantry forward, but the Confederates held their ground. Williams was wounded, but his troops conducted a disciplined withdrawal and sporadic firing continued. Afterwards, Blunt wrote
I never saw such fighting as was done by the Negro regiment....The question that negroes will fight is settled; besides they make better soldiers in every respect than any troops I have ever had under my command.
During this period the 2nd Indian Home Guards, fighting for the Union, accidentally strayed into no man's land between the Confederate and Union lines. The Federal commanders gave the order for the Home Guards to fall back, the Confederates assumed it was an order to retreat and attacked. The Confederates charged into an established defensive line held by the 1st Kansas Colored Volunteer Infantry, which repulsed the charge.
Cooper pulled his men back towards the depot to obtain new ammunition, but the Federals continued to press his army closely. Heavy fighting occurred when Cooper's men made a stand at a bridge over Elk Creek, roughly 1/4 of a mile south of the original position. Union forces continued driving them back further and gradually beginning to turn Cooper's left, causing a general Confederate retreat. Cooper attempted to fight a rearguard action, making a last stand another 1/2 mile south near Honey Springs Depot. Despite a notable half-hour stand by the Choctaw and Chickasaw regiment, the Indians and Texans were badly organized, disheartened, and in many cases due to poor powder, unarmed. Most simply continued to flee. The fighting was over by 2 p.m., four hours after it had begun.
Victorious Union forces took possession of the Honey Springs depot, burning what couldn't be immediately used, and occupying the field. Blunt trumpeted the battle as a major victory, claiming Union losses of only 76 (17 dead and 60 wounded), with enemy casualties in excess of 500, although Cooper reported only 181 Confederate casualties (134 killed or wounded and 47 taken prisoner). Cooper claimed that his enemy's forces losses were over 200.
Reasons for Union victory
The Union army, including its black and Native American forces, had a definite edge in both quantity and quality of weaponry. The Union artillery had ten 1857 12-pounder Napoleon howitzers, two 6-pound howitzers, and plenty of Springfield rifles. The Union troops also had an abundance of shot, shells and canisters.
The Confederate troops were poorly armed, typically with obsolete smoothbore muskets and flintlock shotguns. Ammunition for these was primarily made with cheap Mexican gunpowder that was very susceptible to damage by rainy weather.
The terrible equipment of the Confederates, and the rain squall which ruined their powder, played a large part in the Confederate defeat, although some eyewitness sources, notably future Creek Indian chief George Washington Grayson, claimed Cooper's poor generalship was responsible for the defeat, arguing that about half the Confederate army was never even engaged.
Aftermath
After the battle, the defeated Confederates withdrew, leaving their dead comrades behind, and met up with Cabell's 3,000 man relief force about 50 miles away. General Blunt did not pursue them because his own troops and horses were very tired. He ordered them to camp overnight at the battlefield, where they could treat the wounded and bury the dead of both sides. Blunt himself was still suffering a high fever from his bout of encephalitis. He finally had to spend the rest of the day in bed. Late the next day Blunt ordered the troops to return to Fort Gibson. Later, Cooper wrote a letter to Blunt, thanking him for burying the Confederate dead. After the war, the Union corpses were exhumed and reburied in Fort Gibson National Cemetery.
The battle was the largest ever fought in the Indian Territory, and would indeed prove to be decisive. The Oklahoma Historical Society even compared its importance to the Battle of Gettysburg. The victory opened the way for Blunt's forces to capture Fort Smith and the Arkansas River Valley all the way to the Mississippi River. The Confederates abandoned Fort Smith in August, 1863, leaving it for the Union forces to recover. Despite the efforts of notable Confederate officers like Stand Watie, Confederate forces in the region would never regain the initiative or engage the Union army in an open, head-on battle again, instead relying almost entirely on guerrilla warfare and small-scale cavalry actions to fight the Federal Army. The loss of the supplies at Honey Springs depot would likewise prove disastrous. Confederate forces, already operating on a shoe-string budget and with bad equipment, would come to increasingly rely on captured Union war material to keep up the fight.
Opposing forces
Union
Confederate
Colonel Stand Watie was supposed to have participated in the battle, but just before it began, Cooper sent them toward Webbers Falls as a diversion.
Battlefield today
The battlefield is located east of U.S. Highway 69 in McIntosh County, Oklahoma, between Rentiesville, and Oktaha. It is managed by the Oklahoma Historical Society. According to the 1997 Master Plan Report, the original battlefield covered , of which the Oklahoma Historical Society owned in 1997. The northern third is in Muskogee County and the southern two-thirds is in McIntosh County.
On August 21, 2011, the U.S. Department of Agriculture Rural Development announced a $1.9 million public-private partnership that includes the Oklahoma Historical Society, McIntosh County and an area nonprofit organization to build a visitor's center to replace the existing facility consisting of a small trailer. A November 2011 story in the Tulsa World newspaper cites the U.S. Department of the Interior report as giving consideration of designating the Honey Springs Battlefield as a U.S. National Battlefield Park.
In 2013 the battlefield was named a National Historic Landmark by the National Park Service.
The American Battlefield Trust and its partners have acquired and preserved more than of the battlefield as of mid-2023.
See also
List of battles fought in Oklahoma
List of National Historic Landmarks in Oklahoma
National Register of Historic Places listings in McIntosh County, Oklahoma
National Register of Historic Places listings in Muskogee County, Oklahoma
Notes
References
Sources
Epple, Jess C., "Honey Springs Depot, Elk Creek, Creek Nation, Indian Territory" 1964, reprint/revised 2002 and 2019 ()
Mark A. Lause, Race and Radicalism in the Union Army
National Park Battle Summary
War in the Indian Nations 1861–1863 – extensive bibliography
CWSAC Report Update and Resurvey: Individual Battlefield Profiles
The Battle of Honey Springs: The Civil War Comes to the Indian Territory, a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan
Honey Springs Battlefield Park – 1997 Master Plan Report. Hama, Karen and R. Brian Culpepper. Prepared by: The Center for Advanced Spatial Technologies, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas. 1997. Retrieved August 26, 2014.
Honey Springs Battlefield Park 1997 Master Plan Report – Appendix.
External links
Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture – Honey Springs, Battle of
Fischer, LeRoy H. Oklahoma Historical Society. "The Battle of Honey Springs," (1988) Retrieved February 4, 2014.
The Battle of Honey Springs – July 17, 1863
McIntosh County, Oklahoma
Muskogee County, Oklahoma
Honey Springs
Honey Springs
Honey Springs
Honey Springs
Protected areas of McIntosh County, Oklahoma
July 1863 events
National Register of Historic Places in McIntosh County, Oklahoma
National Register of Historic Places in Muskogee County, Oklahoma
National Historic Landmarks in Oklahoma
American Civil War orders of battle | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Honey%20Springs |
Wild mint may refer to:
Mentha arvensis
Mentha longifolia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild%20mint |
M Health Fairview University of Minnesota Medical Center (UMMC) previously known as University of Minnesota Medical Center, is an 1700-bed non-profit, tertiary, research and academic medical center located in Minneapolis, Minnesota, servicing the entire region. UMMC is the region's only university-level academic medical center. The hospital is operated by the M Health Fairview Health System and the second largest hospital in the system. UMMC is affiliated with the University of Minnesota Medical School. UMMC is also an ACS designated level II trauma center and has a rooftop helipad to handle medevac patients. Attached to the medical center is the Masonic Children's Hospital that treats infants, children, adolescents, and young adults up to the age of 21.
There are two campuses: one located on the East Bank of the Mississippi River and the other located on the West Bank. The West Bank campus was previously Saint Mary's Hospital and Fairview-Riverside Medical Center. M Health Fairview University of Minnesota Medical Center is a teaching institution.
Facilities
The 1700-bed M Health Fairview University of Minnesota Medical Center includes inpatient and outpatient facilities and is connected with six community clinics and many specialty clinics. Services range from "primary care", "emergency care" and the delivery of thousands of babies each year to care of patients. Areas of specialization includes organ and blood and marrow transplantation, neurosciences, pediatrics and behavioral illnesses.
Masonic Children's Hospital
M Health Fairview University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital (formerly known as Amplatz Children's Hospital) is a non-profit pediatric acute care hospital located in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The hospital has 212 beds and is affiliated with University of Minnesota Medical School. The hospital provides comprehensive pediatric specialties and subspecialties to pediatric patients aged 0–21 throughout Minnesota and midwest United States. Masonic Children's Hospital is also a state designated Level III Trauma Center.
History
The medical center and University of Minnesota Children's Hospital, were created in 1997 as a result of the merger of the University of Minnesota Hospitals and Clinics with Fairview Health Services. In 2014, Children's Hospital was renamed University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital in recognition of the financial support that Minnesota Masonic Charities has given the medical center over the past 60 years. In 2018, the medical center announced a $111 million renovation and expansion project.
The hospital's merger with M Health Fairview was called into question when Fairview planned a merger with Sioux Falls-based Sanford Health. Having the flagship state institution for medical training operated by an out-of-state corporation with its own unranked medical school raised red flags both within the University medical community and the state government. Fairview agreed to spin off the University hospital in 2023, but as of March 18 it was uncertain whether it would be a charitable gift or a sale
The world's first open heart surgery and the first bone marrow transplant were done at the University of Minnesota Medical Center.
References
External links
M Health Fairview University of Minnesota Medical Center
University of Minnesota
Buildings and structures in Minneapolis
Teaching hospitals in Minnesota
1997 establishments in Minnesota | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%20Health%20Fairview%20University%20of%20Minnesota%20Medical%20Center |
El Dorado State Park is a state park in Butler County, Kansas, United States, located just north of El Dorado.
The largest of Kansas' state parks, El Dorado is nestled in the scenic Flint Hills and sprawls across 4,000 acres (16 km²) along the eastern and western shores of El Dorado Reservoir. Crappie and largemouth bass fishing are good in standing timber and around fish attractors. Walleye fishing is good along the face of the dam and on the old railroad bed. Channel catfish is good lakewide, as well as in the river below the outlet. Flathead fishing is good in a variety of areas, especially Old Bluestem Lake.
Regarded as one of the state's most handicapped accessible parks, El Dorado contains 1,100 campsites which offer visitors a range of choices. Other facilities include two swimming beaches, 10 group shelters, and a 24-site group campground. A large amphitheater accommodates a variety of concerts and festivals. Trail users will find a variety of attractions, including a designated horse campground.
See also
List of Kansas state parks
List of lakes, reservoirs, and dams in Kansas
List of rivers of Kansas
References
External links
Protected areas of Butler County, Kansas
State parks of Kansas | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El%20Dorado%20State%20Park |
I Am the Resurrection: A Tribute to John Fahey is a tribute album to guitarist John Fahey released in 2006. The album's title is taken from the title of the third track of his album The Transfiguration of Blind Joe Death.
History
Co-produced by Stephen Brower and M. Ward, I Am the Resurrection was the first John Fahey tribute album released after his death. Brower related, "We wanted to go after people who we thought wouldn't do traditional renderings of his stuff."
Reception
I Am the Resurrection received mixed reviews upon its release, although most were favorable or equivocal. In his Allmusic review, critic Alex Henderson noted the "interesting thing about this Fahey tribute compilation is the fact that it isn't dominated by fingerpickers and Fahey disciples." and "this compilation wasn't assembled with purists in mind." He called the disc a bit uneven but it "is full of pleasant surprises and is a memorable demonstration of the fact that Fahey's compositions can be useful well beyond the fingerpicker field."
Erik Davis of Blender gave the tribute album five of five stars and stated "For once, the motley character of most tribute records fits the subject." John Metzger of The Music Box felt "there’s nothing on I Am the Resurrection that is anywhere near as groundbreaking or strange as Fahey’s own recordings. Yet, what the performers accomplish is still strikingly potent." Steve Horowitz praised the album, writing it is "hard to resist pushing the replay button and listening to [each song] again before going on to the next song. That’s true of every tune on this disc, which is a fine tribute to one of America’s most remarkable artists."
In his review for Pitchfork Media, Matthew Murphy praised some artist's appearances while noting less success for others. Murphy called Sufjan Stevens contribution "typically fussy" and an "ill match for the contours" of Fahey's music and M. Ward's rendition "falls completely flat." Equally mixed was Andrew Gerig's review for Stylus magazine that "the tribute disc is only for Fahey diehards" and that too many of the artists "hold back."
In his review of The Great Koonaklaster Speaks: A John Fahey Celebration, Grayson Currin called I Am the Resurrection "the first... and the biggest failure" of the Fahey tribute albums... to think that I Am the Resurrection's alternately self-involved (Stevens) or irreverently unimaginative (Peter Case) interpretations gave newcomers invalid impressions of Fahey's catalogue is, really, a bit frightening."
Track listing
All songs by John Fahey unless otherwise noted.
Personnel
Joey Burns – vocals, guitar, upright bass
Sufjan Stevens – vocals, acoustic guitar, electric guitar, banjo, flute, recorder, oboe, drums, shaker, triangle, percussion
Kevin Barker – vocals, electric guitar, recorder, percussion
David Immerglück – guitar
Jack Rose – guitar
Lee Ranaldo – guitar
M. Ward – guitar
Glenn Jones – guitar
Bruce Kaphan – lap steel guitar
Mike Gangloff – banjo
John Convertino – marimba, drums
Otto Hauser – drums, percussion
Michael Knobloch – drums
John Hanes – drums
Robin Amos – electronics
Rosie Thomas – background vocals
Production notes:
Jim Waters – mixing
Kevin Nettleingham – mastering
Stephen Brower – liner notes
Glenn Jones – liner notes
Kevin Barker – liner notes
Zak Riles – photography
References
2006 compilation albums
John Fahey (musician) tribute albums
Vanguard Records compilation albums
Alternative rock compilation albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%20Am%20the%20Resurrection%20%28album%29 |
George Perley may refer to:
George A. Perley (1843–1934), Canadian politician in Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick
George Halsey Perley (1857–1938), American-born Canadian politician and diplomat | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Perley |
An Inconvenient Truth is a 2006 American documentary film directed by Davis Guggenheim about former United States Vice President Al Gore's campaign to educate people about global warming. The film features a slide show that, by Gore's own estimate, he has presented over 1,000 times to audiences worldwide.
The idea to document Gore's efforts came from producer Laurie David, who saw his presentation at a town hall meeting on global warming, which coincided with the opening of The Day After Tomorrow. Laurie David was so inspired by his slide show that she, with producer Lawrence Bender, met with Guggenheim to adapt the presentation into a film. Premiering at the 2006 Sundance Film Festival and opening in New York City and Los Angeles on May 24, 2006, the film was a critical and commercial success, winning two Academy Awards for Best Documentary Feature and Best Original Song. The film grossed $24 million in the U.S. and $26 million at the international box office, becoming the 11th highest grossing documentary film to date in the United States.
Since the film's release, An Inconvenient Truth has been credited for raising international public awareness of global warming and reenergizing the environmental movement. The documentary has also been included in science curricula in schools around the world, which has spurred some controversy. A sequel to the film, titled An Inconvenient Sequel: Truth to Power, was released on July 28, 2017.
Synopsis
An Inconvenient Truth presents in film form an illustrated talk on climate by Al Gore, aimed at alerting the public to an increasing "planetary emergency" due to global warming, and shows re-enacted incidents from his life story which influenced his concerns about environmental issues. He began making these presentations in 1989 with flip chart illustrations; the film version uses a Keynote presentation, which Gore refers to as "the slide show".
The former vice president opens the film by greeting an audience with his well-known line about his campaign in 2000: "I am Al Gore. I used to be the next President of the United States." He is shown using his laptop to edit his presentation, and pondering the difficulty he has had in awakening public concern: "I've been trying to tell this story for a long time and I feel as if I've failed to get the message across."
Gore then begins his slide show on Global Warming; a comprehensive presentation replete with detailed graphs, flow charts and stark visuals. Gore shows off several photographs of the Earth taken from multiple space missions, as Earthrise and The Blue Marble. Gore notes that these photos dramatically transformed the way we see the Earth, helping spark modern environmentalism.
Following this, Gore shares anecdotes that inspired his interest in the issue, including his college education with early climate expert Roger Revelle at Harvard University, his sister's death from lung cancer and his young son's near-fatal car accident. Gore recalls a story from his grade-school years, where a fellow student asked his geography teacher about continental drift, whether the coastlines of South America and Africa might fit together; in response, the teacher called the concept the "most ridiculous thing [he'd] ever heard." Gore ties this conclusion to the assumption that "the Earth is so big, we can't possibly have any lasting, harmful impact on the Earth's environment." For comic effect, Gore uses a clip from the Futurama episode "Crimes of the Hot" to describe the greenhouse effect. Gore refers to his loss to George W. Bush in the 2000 United States presidential election as a "hard blow" yet one which subsequently "brought into clear focus, the mission [he] had been pursuing for all these years."
Throughout the movie, Gore discusses the scientific consensus on global warming, as well as the present and future effects of global warming and stresses that global warming "is really not a political issue, so much as a moral one," describing the consequences he believes global warming will produce if the amount of human-generated greenhouse gases is not significantly reduced in the very near future. Gore also presents Antarctic ice coring data showing CO2 levels higher now than in the past 650,000 years.
The film includes segments intended to refute critics who say that global warming is unproven or that warming will be insignificant. For example, Gore cites the retreat of nearly all glaciers caused by melting over recent decades, showing nine cases, such as the Grinnel and Boulder Glaciers and Patagonia. He discusses the possibility of the collapse and melting of a major ice sheet in Greenland or in West Antarctica, either of which could raise global sea levels by approximately 20 feet (6m), flooding coastal areas and producing 100 million refugees. Melt water from Greenland, because of its lower salinity, could then halt the currents that keep northern Europe warm and quickly trigger dramatic local cooling there. It also contains various short animated projections of what could happen to different animals more vulnerable to global warming.
Call to action
The documentary ends with Gore arguing that if appropriate actions are taken soon, the effects of global warming can be successfully reversed by releasing less CO2 and planting more vegetation to consume existing CO2. Gore calls upon his viewers to learn how they can help him in these efforts. Gore closes the film by saying:
During the film's end credits, several calls to action pop up on screen suggesting to viewers things at home they can do to combat global warming, including "recycle", "speak up in your community", "try to buy a hybrid vehicle" and "encourage everyone you know to watch this movie."
Background
Origins
Gore became interested in global warming when he took a course at Harvard University with Professor Roger Revelle, one of the first scientists to measure carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Later, when Gore was in Congress, he initiated the first congressional hearing on the subject in 1981. Gore's 1992 book, Earth in the Balance, dealing with a number of environmental topics, reached the New York Times bestseller list.
As Vice President during the Clinton Administration, Gore pushed for the implementation of a carbon tax to encourage energy efficiency and diversify the choices of fuel better reflecting the true environmental costs of energy use; it was partially implemented in 1993.
He helped broker the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, an international treaty designed to curb greenhouse gas emissions. The treaty was not ratified in the United States after a 95 to 0 vote in the Senate. The primary objections stemmed from the exemptions the treaty gave to China and India, whose industrial base and carbon footprint have grown rapidly, and fears that the exemptions would lead to further trade imbalances and offshoring arrangement with those countries.
Gore also supported the funding of the controversial, and much-delayed satellite called Triana, which would have provided an image of the Earth 24 hours a day, over the internet and would have acted as a barometer measuring the process of global warming. During his 2000 presidential campaign, Gore ran, in part, on a pledge to ratify the Kyoto Protocol.
The slide show
Following his defeat in the 2000 presidential election by George W. Bush, Gore returned his focus to the topic. He edited and adapted a slide show he had compiled years earlier, and began featuring the slide show in presentations on global warming across the U.S. and around the world. At the time of the film, Gore estimated he had shown the presentation more than one thousand times.
Producer Laurie David saw Gore's slide show in New York City at a global warming town-hall meeting after the May 27, 2004 premiere of The Day After Tomorrow. Gore was one of several panelists and he showed a ten-minute version of his slide show.
Inspired, David assembled a team, including producer Lawrence Bender and former president of eBay Jeffrey Skoll, who met with Gore about the possibility of making the slide show into a movie. It took some convincing. The slide show, she says, "was his baby, and he felt proprietary about it and it was hard for him to let go."
David said the box office returns were not important to her, and that what was at stake was the planet, saying "none of us are going to make a dime."
David and Bender later met with director Davis Guggenheim, to have him direct the film adaptation of his slide show. Guggenheim, who was skeptical at first, later saw the presentation for himself, stating that he was "blown away," and "left after an hour and a half thinking that global warming [was] the most important issue ... I had no idea how you'd make a film out of it, but I wanted to try," he said.
In 2004 Gore enlisted Duarte Design to condense and update his material and add video and animation. Ted Boda described the tools that went into designing the project: "Gore's presentation was in fact using Apple's Keynote presentation software (the same software Steve Jobs presents from) and did so for a number of reasons. As a designer for the presentation, Keynote was the first choice to help create such an engaging presentation."
Initially reluctant of the film adaptation, Gore said after he and the crew were into the production of the movie, the director, Guggenheim, earned his trust.
Production
When Bender first saw Gore's visual presentation he had concerns about connection with viewers, citing a "need to find a personal way in." In the string of interviews with Gore that followed, Gore himself felt like they "were making Kill Al Vol. 3". Bender had other issues including a time frame that was "grueling" and needed to be done in "a very short period of time" despite many filming locations planned. These included many locations throughout the United States and also included China. "It was a lot of travel in a very short period of time. And they had to get this thing edited and cut starting in January, and ready to screen in May. That's like a seriously tight schedule. So the logistics of pulling it off with a low budget were really difficult, and if there's one person who gets credit, it's Leslie Chilcott, because she really pulled it together."
"Most of my movies take a year and a half, if not two and a half," Guggenheim said. "We all felt like we were on a mission from God just to make it as fast as we could. We just felt like it was urgent. The clock was ticking, and people had to see it."
Title
The producers struggled to find an effective title for the film. "We had a lot of really bad titles," Guggenheim recalled. "One was The Rising. I remember Al talking about whether he should give Bruce Springsteen a call, because he had an album out called The Rising. It had a great triple-entendre, because it was like the sea-level rising and the idea of people rising. So we got excited about that for a while." "There were also some really bad ones like Too Hot to Handle," he added. "Maybe that's not right, but it was something with 'hot,' ya know? We had a lot of hot puns."
Guggenheim said that he asked Gore why climate change was "so hard for people to grasp," to which Gore replied, "Because it's an inconvenient truth, ya know." "[...] In the back of my head, I go, that's the title of our movie," Guggenheim said.
Initially, the title was not a popular choice. Gore recalled saying "Nah, I don't think so" but Guggenheim "defended it vigorously against other titles." "People thought it was hard to say, people thought it wasn't fun, it wasn't sexy," Guggenheim remembered. "Days before we went to Sundance and had to decide, there was a large group of people who did not like the title."
Technical aspects
The majority of the movie shows Gore delivering his lecture to an audience at a relatively small theater in Los Angeles. Gore's presentation was delivered on a 70-foot (21 m) digital screen that Bender commissioned specifically for the movie.
While the bulk of the film was shot on 4:4:4 HDCAM, according to director Guggenheim, a vast array of different film formats were used: "There's 35mm and 16mm. A lot of the stuff on the farm I just shot myself on 8mm film. We used four Sony F950 HDCAMs for the presentation. We shot three different kinds of prosumer HD, both 30 and 24. There's MiniDV, there's 3200 black-and-white stills, there's digital stills, some of them emailed on the day they were taken from as far off as Greenland. There was three or four different types of animation. One of the animators is from New Zealand and emailed me his work. There's JPEG stuff."
Guggenheim said that while it would have been a lot easier to use one format, it would not have had the same impact. "Each format has its own feel and texture and touch. For the storytelling of what Gore's memory was like of growing up on the farm, some of this 8mm stuff that I shot is very impressionistic. And for some of his memories of his son's accident, these grainy black-and-white stills ... have a feel that contrasted very beautifully with the crisp hi-def HD that we shot. Every format was used to its best potential. Some of the footage of Katrina has this blown-out video, where the chroma is just blasted, and it looks real muddy, but that too has its own kind of powerful, impactful feeling."
Scientific basis
The film lays out the scientific consensus that global warming is real, potentially catastrophic, and human-caused. Gore presents specific
data to support this, including:
The Keeling Curve, which depicts the long-term increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration as measured from the Mauna Loa Observatory.
The retreat of numerous glaciers is shown with before-and-after photographs.
A study by researchers at the Physics Institute of the University of Bern and the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) presenting data from Antarctic ice cores showing carbon dioxide concentrations higher than at any time during the past 650,000 years.
Data from the atmospheric instrumental temperature record showing that the ten hottest years ever measured had all occurred in the previous fourteen years.
A 2004 survey by Naomi Oreskes of 928 peer-reviewed scientific articles on global climate change published between 1993 and 2003. The survey, published as an editorial in the journal Science, found that every article either supported the human-caused global warming consensus or did not comment on it. Gore also presents a 2004 study by Max and Jules Boykoff showing 53% of articles that appeared in major US newspapers over a fourteen-year period gave roughly equal attention to scientists who expressed views that global warming was caused by humans as they did to climate change deniers (many of them funded by carbon-based industry interests), creating a false balance.
The Associated Press contacted more than 100 climate researchers and questioned them about the film's veracity. All 19 climate scientists who had seen the movie or had read the homonymous book said that Gore accurately conveyed the science, with few errors.
William H. Schlesinger, dean of the Nicholas School of Environment and Earth Sciences at Duke University, said "[Gore] got all the important material and got it right." Robert Corell, chairman of the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment, was also impressed. "I sat there and I'm amazed at how thorough and accurate. After the presentation I said, 'Al, I'm absolutely blown away. There's a lot of details you could get wrong.'...I could find no error." Michael Shermer, scientific author and founder of The Skeptics Society, wrote in Scientific American that Gore's slide show "shocked me out of my doubting stance." Eric Steig, a climate scientist writing on RealClimate, lauded the film's science as "remarkably up to date, with reference to some of the very latest research." Ted Scambos, lead scientist from the National Snow and Ice Data Center, said the film "does an excellent job of outlining the science behind global warming and the challenges society faces in the coming century because of it."
One concern among scientists in the film was the connection between hurricanes and global warming, which at the time was contentious in the scientific community. Gore cited five recent scientific studies to support his view. "I thought the use of imagery from Hurricane Katrina was inappropriate and unnecessary in this regard, as there are plenty of disturbing impacts associated with global warming for which there is much greater scientific consensus," said Brian Soden, professor of meteorology and oceanography at the University of Miami. Gavin Schmidt, climate modeler for NASA, thought Gore appropriately addressed the issue. "Gore talked about 2005 and 2004 being very strong seasons, and if you weren't paying attention, you could be left with the impression that there was a direct cause and effect, but he was very careful to not say there's a direct correlation," Schmidt said. "There is a difference between saying 'we are confident that they will increase' and 'we are confident that they have increased due to this effect,'" added Steig. "Never in the movie does he say: 'This particular event is caused by global warming.'"
Gore's use of long ice core records of CO2 and temperature (from oxygen isotope measurements) in Antarctic ice cores to illustrate the correlation between the two drew some scrutiny; Schmidt, Steig and Michael E. Mann back up Gore's data. "Gore stated that the greenhouse gas levels and temperature changes over ice age signals had a complex relationship but that they 'fit'. Both of these statements are true," said Schmidt and Mann. "The complexity though is actually quite fascinating ... a full understanding of why CO2 changes in precisely the pattern that it does during ice ages is elusive, but among the most plausible explanations is that increased received solar radiation in the southern hemisphere due to changes in Earth's orbital geometry warms the southern ocean, releasing CO2 into the atmosphere, which then leads to further warming through an enhanced greenhouse effect. Gore's terse explanation does not delve into such complexities, but the crux of his point—that the observed long-term relationship between CO2 and temperature in Antarctica supports our understanding of the warming impact of increased CO2 concentrations—is correct. Moreover, our knowledge of why CO2 is changing now (fossil fuel burning) is solid. We also know that CO2 is a greenhouse gas, and that the carbon cycle feedback is positive (increasing temperatures lead to increasing CO2 and CH4), implying that future changes in CO2 will be larger than we might anticipate." "Gore is careful not to state what the temperature/CO2 scaling is," said Steig. "He is making a qualitative point, which is entirely accurate. The fact is that it would be difficult or impossible to explain past changes in temperature during the ice age cycles without CO2 changes. In that sense, the ice core CO2-temperature correlation remains an appropriate demonstration of the influence of CO2 on climate."
Steig disputed Gore's statement that one can visibly see the effect that the United States Clean Air Act has had on ice cores in Antarctica. "One can neither see, nor even detect using sensitive chemical methods any evidence in Antarctica of the Clean Air Act," he said, but did note that they are "clearly recorded in ice core records from Greenland." Despite these flaws, Steig said that the film got the fundamental science right and the minor factual errors did not undermine the main message of the film, adding "An Inconvenient Truth rests on a solid scientific foundation."
Lonnie Thompson, Earth Science professor at Ohio State University, whose work on retreating glaciers was featured in the film, was pleased with how his research was presented. "It's so hard given the breadth of this topic to be factually correct, and make sure you don't lose your audience," Thompson said. "As scientists, we publish our papers in Science and Nature, but very few people read those. Here's another way to get this message out. To me, it's an excellent overview for an introductory class at a university. What are the issues and what are the possible consequences of not doing anything about those changes? To me, it has tremendous value. It will reach people that scientists will never reach."
John Nielsen-Gammon from Texas A&M University said the "main scientific argument presented in the movie is for the most part consistent with the weight of scientific evidence, but with some of the main points needing updating, correction, or qualification." Nielsen-Gammon thought the film neglected information gained from computer models, and instead relied entirely on past and current observational evidence, "perhaps because such information would be difficult for a
lay audience to grasp, believe, or connect with emotionally."
Steven Quiring, a climatologist from Texas A&M University, added that "whether scientists like it or not, An Inconvenient Truth has had a much greater impact on public opinion and public awareness of global climate change than any scientific paper or report."
Reception
Box office
The film opened in New York City and Los Angeles on May 24, 2006. On Memorial Day weekend, it grossed an average of $91,447 per theater, the highest of any movie that weekend and a record for a documentary, though it was only playing on four screens at the time.
At the 2006 Sundance Film Festival, the movie received three standing ovations. It was also screened at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival and was the opening night film at the 27th Durban International Film Festival on June 14, 2006.
An Inconvenient Truth was the most popular documentary at the 2006 Brisbane International Film Festival.
The film has grossed over $24 million in the U.S., making it the eleventh-highest-grossing documentary in the U.S. (from 1982 to the present). It grossed nearly $26 million in foreign countries, the highest being France, where it grossed $5 million. According to Gore, "Tipper and I are devoting 100 percent of the profits from the book and the movie to a new bipartisan educational campaign to further spread the message about global warming." Paramount Classics committed 5% of their domestic theatrical gross from the film to form a new bipartisan climate action group, Alliance for Climate Protection, dedicated to awareness and grassroots organizing.
Critical response
The film received a positive reaction from film critics and audiences. It garnered a "certified fresh" 93% rating at Rotten Tomatoes, based on 166 reviews, and an average rating of 7.74/10. The website's critical consensus states, "This candid, powerful and informative documentary illuminates some of the myths surrounding its dual subjects: global warming and Al Gore". At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the film has received an average score of 75, based on 32 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".
Film critics Roger Ebert and Richard Roeper gave the film "two thumbs up". Ebert said, "In 39 years, I have never written these words in a movie review, but here they are: You owe it to yourself to see this film. If you do not, and you have grandchildren, you should explain to them why you decided not to," calling the film "horrifying, enthralling and [having] the potential, I believe, to actually change public policy and begin a process which could save the Earth."
New York Magazine critic David Edelstein called the film "One of the most realistic documentaries I've ever seen—and, dry as it is, one of the most devastating in its implications." The New Yorker David Remnick added that while it was "not the most entertaining film of the year ... it might be the most important" and a "brilliantly lucid, often riveting attempt to warn Americans off our hellbent path to global suicide."
The New York Times reviewer A. O. Scott thought the film was "edited crisply enough to keep it from feeling like 90 minutes of C-SPAN and shaped to give Mr. Gore's argument a real sense of drama," and "as unsettling as it can be," Scott continued, "it is also intellectually exhilarating, and, like any good piece of pedagogy, whets the appetite for further study."
Bright Lights Film Journal critic Jayson Harsin declared the film's aesthetic qualities groundbreaking, as a new genre of slideshow film.
NASA climatologist James Hansen described the film as powerful, complemented by detail in the book. Hansen said that "Gore has put together a coherent account of a complex topic that Americans desperately need to understand. The story is scientifically accurate and yet should be understandable to the public, a public that is less and less drawn to science." He added that with An Inconvenient Truth, "Al Gore may have done for global warming what Silent Spring did for pesticides. He will be attacked, but the public will have the information needed to distinguish our long-term well-being from short-term special interests."
In "extensive exit polling" of An Inconvenient Truth in "conservative suburban markets like Plano and Irvine (Orange County), as well as Dallas and Long Island", 92 percent rated "Truth" highly and 87 percent of the respondents said they'd recommend the film to a friend. University of Washington professor Michele Poff argued that Gore was successful in communicating to conservative-leaning audiences by framing the climate crisis as apolitical. "Gore's and the environment's identification with the Democratic Party posed a significant challenge to reaching Republicans and conservatives, as well as those disgruntled with politics in general," Poff wrote. "To appeal to such individuals, Gore framed the matter as distinctly apolitical – as an issue both outside politics and one that was crucial regardless of one's ideological leanings. These explicit attempts to frame the issue as apolitical take on further gravitas when we consider how Gore infused the film with reflections of conservative values. Indeed, Gore reached deeply into the value structure of American conservatives to highlight ideals that suggested his cause was not liberal, but rather was beyond politics, beyond ideology."
A small number of reviews criticized the film on scientific and political grounds. Journalist Ronald Bailey argued in the libertarian magazine Reason that although "Gore gets [the science] more right than wrong," he exaggerates the risks. MIT atmospheric physicist Richard S. Lindzen was vocally critical of the film, writing in a June 26, 2006 op-ed in The Wall Street Journal that Gore was using a biased presentation to exploit the fears of the public for his own political gain.
A few other reviewers were also skeptical of Gore's intent, wondering whether he was setting himself for another Presidential run. The Boston Globe writer Peter Canellos criticized the "gauzy biographical material that seems to have been culled from old Gore campaign commercials." Phil Hall of Film Threat gave the film a negative review, saying "An Inconvenient Truth is something you rarely see in movies today: a blatant intellectual fraud."
Others felt that Gore did not go far enough in depicting the threat Indigenous peoples faced with the dire consequences of climate change. "An Inconvenient Truth completely ignores the plight of Arctic indigenous peoples whose cultures and landscapes are facing profound changes produced by melting polar ice," argued environmental historian Finis Dunaway.
Accolades
An Inconvenient Truth has received many different awards worldwide. The film won two awards at the 79th Academy Awards: Best Documentary Feature and Best Original Song for Melissa Etheridge's "I Need to Wake Up". It is the first documentary to win 2 Oscars and the first to win a best original song Oscar. After winning the 2007 Academy Award for Documentary Feature, the Oscar was awarded to director Guggenheim, who asked Gore to join him and other members of the crew on stage. Gore then gave a brief speech, saying:
For Gore's wide-reaching efforts to draw the world's attention to the dangers of global warming which is centerpieced in the film, Al Gore, along with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), won the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize. Gore also received the Prince of Asturias Prize in 2007 for international cooperation. The related album, which featured the voices of Beau Bridges, Cynthia Nixon and Blair Underwood, also won Best Spoken Word Album at the 51st Grammy Awards.
The film received numerous other accolades, including a special recognition from the Humanitas Prize, the first time the organization had handed out a Special Award in over 10 years, the 2007 Stanley Kramer Award from The Producers Guild of America, which recognizes "work that dramatically illustrates provocative social issues" and the President's Award 2007 from the Society for Technical Communication "for demonstrating that effective and understandable technical communication, when coupled with passion and vision, has the power to educate—and change—the world."
The film won many other awards for Best Documentary:
Impact
[[File:20200112 "Climate crisis" vs "Climate emergency" - Google search term usage.png |thumb | Google Trends data shows that, following the 2006 release of An Inconvenient Truth, there was an increase in the number of Google searches for the term climate crisis, which Gore often used instead of the more neutral climate change. Also graphed: searches for climate emergency.]]
The documentary has been generally well-received politically in many parts of the world and is credited for raising further awareness of global warming internationally. The film inspired producer Kevin Wall to conceive the 2007 Live Earth festival and influenced Italian composer Giorgio Battistelli to write an operatic adaptation, entitled "CO2," premiering at La Scala in Milan in 2015.
According to the Encyclopædia Britannica, in response to the documentary, "Pro-industry conservative politicians and their supporters (many of whom saw global warming as a hoax designed to bilk taxpayers out of their money) lined up on one side, while scientists and more-liberal politicians (who pressed that global warming was among the most important issues humanity would face) teamed up on the other", adding that "Most remember the film as part motivational science lecture with slick graphics and part self-reflection."
Activism
Following the film, Gore founded The Climate Reality Project in 2006 which trained 1,000 activists to give Gore's presentation in their communities. Presently, the group has 3,500 presenters worldwide. An additional initiative was launched in 2010, called "Inconvenient Youth". "'Inconvenient Youth' is built on the belief that teens can help lead efforts to solve the climate crisis," said Gore. The project was inspired by Mary Doerr, a 16-year-old who trained as presenter for the organization.
University of Scranton professor Jessica Nolan found in a 2010 study published for Environment and Behavior that people became more informed and concerned about climate change right after seeing the film but that these concerns did not translate into changed behavior a month later. On the contrary, in a 2011 paper published in the Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, University of Oregon professor Grant Jacobsen found in the two months following the release of the film, zip codes within a 10-mile (16 km) radius of a zip code where the film was shown experienced a 50 percent relative increase in the purchase of voluntary carbon offsets.
Public opinion
In a July 2007 47-country Internet survey conducted by The Nielsen Company and Oxford University, 66% of those respondents who said they had seen An Inconvenient Truth stated that it had "changed their mind" about global warming and 89% said it had made them more aware of the problem. Three out of four (74%) said they had changed some of their habits because of seeing the film.
Governmental reactions
Then-President George W. Bush, when asked whether he would watch the film, responded: "Doubt it." "New technologies will change how we live and how we drive our cars, which all will have the beneficial effect of improving the environment," Bush said. "And in my judgment we need to set aside whether or not greenhouse gases have been caused by mankind or because of natural effects and focus on the technologies that will enable us to live better lives and at the same time protect the environment". Gore responded that "The entire global scientific community has a consensus on the question that human beings are responsible for global warming and he [Bush] has today again expressed personal doubt that that is true." White House deputy press secretary Dana Perino stated that "The president noted in 2001 the increase in temperatures over the past 100 years and that the increase in greenhouse gases was due to a certain extent to human activity".
Several United States Senators screened the film. New Mexico Democratic Senator Jeff Bingaman and Nevada Democratic Senator Harry Reid saw the movie at its Washington premiere at the National Geographic Society. New Mexico Democratic Senator Tom Udall planned to see the film saying "It's such a powerful statement because of the way the movie is put together, I tell everybody, Democrat or Republican, they've got to go see this movie." Former New Mexico Republican Senator Pete Domenici thought Gore's prominence on the global warming issue made it more difficult to get a consensus in Congress. Bingaman disputed this saying, "It seems to me we were having great difficulty recruiting Republican members of Congress to support a bill before Al Gore came up with this movie."
Oklahoma Republican Senator Jim Inhofe, then-chairman of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee, said that he did not plan to see the film (which he appears in), and compared it to Adolf Hitler's book Mein Kampf. "If you say the same lie over and over again, and particularly if you have the media's support, people will believe it," Inhofe said, adding that he thought Gore was trying to use the issue to run for president again in 2008. In contrast to Inhofe, Arizona Republican Senator John McCain, did not criticize Gore's efforts or the movie, which he planned to see. Tennessee Republican Senator Lamar Alexander, said "Because (Gore) was a former vice president and presidential nominee, he brings a lot of visibility to (the issue)," Alexander said. "On the other hand it may be seen as political by some, and they may be less eager to be a part of it." Alexander also criticized the omission of nuclear power in the film. "Maybe it needs a sequel: 'An Inconvenient Truth 2: Nuclear Power.'"
In September 2006, Gore traveled to Sydney, Australia to promote the film. Then-Australian Prime Minister John Howard said he would not meet with Gore or agree to Kyoto because of the movie: "I don't take policy advice from films." Former Opposition Leader Kim Beazley joined Gore for a viewing and other MPs attended a special screening at Parliament House earlier in the week. After winning the general election a year later, Prime Minister Kevin Rudd ratified Kyoto in his first week of office, leaving the United States the only industrialized nation in the world not to have signed the treaty.
In the United Kingdom, Conservative party leader and future Prime Minister David Cameron urged people to watch the film in order to understand climate change. In Belgium, activist Margaretha Guidone persuaded the entire Belgian government to see the film.
200 politicians and political staff accepted her invitation, among whom were Belgian prime minister Guy Verhofstadt and Minister-President of Flanders, Yves Leterme. In Costa Rica, the film was screened by president Óscar Arias. Arias's subsequent championing of the climate change issue was greatly influenced by the film.
Industry and business
The Competitive Enterprise Institute released pro-carbon dioxide television ads in preparation for the film's release in May 2006. The ads featured a little girl blowing a dandelion with the tagline, "Carbon dioxide. They call it pollution. We call it life."
In August 2006, The Wall Street Journal revealed that a YouTube video lampooning Gore and the movie, titled Al Gore's Penguin Army, appeared to be "astroturfing" by DCI Group, a Washington public relations firm.
Use in education
Several colleges and high schools have featured the film in science curricula. In Germany, German Environment Minister Sigmar Gabriel bought 6,000 DVDs of An Inconvenient Truth to make it available to German schools. Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero distributed 30000 copies to the Spanish schools in October 2007. In Burlington, Ontario, Canada, the Halton District School Board made An Inconvenient Truth available at schools and as an educational resource.
In the United Kingdom
As part of a nationwide "Sustainable Schools Year of Action" launched in late 2006, the UK Government, Welsh Assembly Government and Scottish Executive announced between January–March 2007 that copies of An Inconvenient Truth would be sent to all their secondary schools. The film was placed into the science curriculum for fourth and sixth-year students in Scotland as a joint initiative between Learning and Teaching Scotland and Scottish Power.
Dimmock case
In May 2007, Stewart Dimmock—a school governor from Kent, England and member of the right-wing New Party—challenged the UK Government's distribution of the film in a lawsuit, Dimmock v Secretary of State for Education and Skills, with help from political ally and New Party founder Viscount Monckton, who notably pointed out "35 serious scientific errors". The plaintiffs sought an injunction preventing the screening of the film in English schools, arguing that by law schools are forbidden to promote partisan political views and, when dealing with political issues, are required to provide a balanced presentation of opposing views.
On October 10, 2007, High Court Justice Michael Burton, after explaining that the requirement for a balanced presentation does not warrant that equal weight be given to alternative views of a mainstream view, ruled that it was clear that the film was substantially founded upon scientific research and fact, albeit that the science had been used, in the hands of a "talented politician and communicator", to make a political statement and to support a political program. The judge ruled that An Inconvenient Truth contained nine scientific errors and thus must be accompanied by an explanation of those errors before being shown to school children. The judge said that showing the film without the explanations of error would be a violation of education laws.
The judge concluded "I have no doubt that Dr Stott, the Defendant's expert, is right when he says that: 'Al Gore's presentation of the causes and likely effects of climate change in the film was broadly accurate.'" On the basis of testimony from Robert M. Carter and the arguments put forth by the claimant's lawyers, the judge also pointed to nine "errors", i.e. statements the truth of which he did not rule on, but that he found to depart from the mainstream scientific positions on global warming. He also found that some of these departures from the mainstream arose in the context of alarmism and exaggeration in support of political theses. Since the government had already accepted to amend the guidance notes to address these along with other points in a fashion that the judge found satisfactory, no order was made on the application.
Government Minister of Children, Young People and Families, Kevin Brennan stated: "We have updated the accompanying guidance, as requested by the judge to make it clearer for teachers as to the stated Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change position on a number of scientific points raised in the film." Plaintiff Dimmock complained that "no amount of turgid guidance" could change his view that the film was unsuitable for the classroom.
In the United States
In January 2007, the Federal Way (Washington State) School Board voted to require an approval by the principal and the superintendent for teachers to show the film to students and that the teachers must include the presentation of an approved "opposing view". The moratorium was repealed, at a meeting on January 23, after a predominantly negative community reaction. Shortly thereafter, the school board in Yakima, Washington, calling the film a "controversial issue", prevented the Environmental Club of Eisenhower High School from showing it, pending review by the school board, teachers, principal, and parents. It lifted the stay a month later, upon the approval by a review panel.
National Science Teachers Association
In the United States, 50,000 free copies of An Inconvenient Truth were offered to the National Science Teachers Association (NSTA), which declined to take them. Producer David provided an email correspondence from the NSTA detailing that their reasoning was that the DVDs would place "unnecessary risk upon the [NSTA] capital campaign, especially certain targeted supporters," and that they saw "little, if any, benefit to NSTA or its members" in accepting the free DVDs. In public, the NSTA argued that distributing this film to its members would have been contrary to a long-standing NSTA policy against distributing unsolicited materials to its members. The NSTA also said that they had offered several other options for distributing the film but ultimately "[it] appears that these alternative distribution mechanisms were unsatisfactory."
David has said that NSTA Executive Director Gerry Wheeler promised in a telephone conversation to explore alternatives with NSTA's board for advertising the film but she had not yet received an alternative offer at the time of NSTA's public claim. She also said that she rejected their subsequent offers because they were nothing more than offers to sell their "commercially available member mailing list" and advertising space in their magazine and newsletter, which are available to anyone. The American Association for the Advancement of Science publication ScienceNOW published an assessment discussing both sides of the NSTA decision in which it was reported that "David says NSTA's imprimatur was essential and that buying a mailing list is a nonstarter. 'You don't want to send out a cold letter, and it costs a lot of money,' she says. 'There are a thousand reasons why that wouldn't work.'"
A The Washington Post editorial called the decision "Science a la Joe Camel", citing for example that the NSTA had received $6 million since 1996 from ExxonMobil, which had a representative on the organization's corporate board. David noted that in the past, NSTA had shipped out 20,000 copies of a 10-part video produced by Wheeler with funding provided by ConocoPhillips in 2003. NSTA indicated that they retained editorial control over the content, which David questioned based on the point of view portrayed in the global warming section of the video.
In New Zealand
Former ACT New Zealand Member of Parliament Muriel Newman filed a petition to have New Zealand schoolchildren be protected from political indoctrination by putting provisions that resembled those in the UK to the Education Act. The petition was in response to concerned parents who talked with Newman after An Inconvenient Truth was shown in schools in 2007. The parents were apparently worried that teachers were not pointing out supposed inaccuracies in the film and were not explaining differing viewpoints.
Music An Inconvenient Truth was scored by Michael Brook with an accompanying theme song played during the end credits by Melissa Etheridge. Brook explained that he wanted to bring out the emotion expressed in the film: "... in An Inconvenient Truth, there's a lot of information and it's kind of a lecture, in a way, and very well organized and very well presented, but it's a lot to absorb. And the director, Guggenheim, wanted to have – sort of give people a little break every once in a while and say, okay, you don't have to absorb this information, you can just sort of – and it was more the personal side of Al Gore's life or how it connected to the theme of the film. And that's when there's music."
Etheridge agreed to write An Inconvenient Truth theme song, "I Need to Wake Up" after viewing Gore's slide show. "I was so honored he would ask me to contribute to a project that is so powerful and so important, I felt such a huge responsibility," she said. "Then I went, 'What am I going to write? What am I going to say?' " Etheridge's former partner, Tammy Lynn Michaels, told her: "Write what you feel, because that's what people are going to feel." Of Etheridge's commitment to the project, Gore said, "Melissa is a rare soul who gives a lot of time and effort to causes in which she strongly believes." Etheridge received the 2006 Academy Award for Best Original Song for "I Need to Wake Up." Upon receiving the award, she noted in her acceptance speech:
Book and documentary
Gore's book of the same title was published concurrently with the theatrical release of the documentary. The book contains additional information, scientific analysis, and Gore's commentary on the issues presented in the documentary. A 2007 documentary entitled An Update with Former Vice President Al Gore features Gore discussing additional information that came to light after the film was completed, such as Hurricane Katrina, coral reef depletion, glacial earthquake activity on the Greenland ice sheet, wildfires, and trapped methane gas release associated with permafrost melting.
Sequel
When asked during a Reddit "Ask Me Anything" in October 2013 whether there were plans for a follow-up film, Guggenheim said, "I think about it a lot – I think we need one right now." In 2014, The Hollywood Reporter reported that the producers of the film were in talks over a possible sequel. "We have had conversations," co-producer Bender said. "We've met; we've discussed. If we are going to make a movie, we want it to have an impact." Co-producer David also believed a sequel was needed. "God, do we need one," David said. "Everything in that movie has come to pass. At the time we did the movie, there was Hurricane Katrina; now we have extreme weather events every other week. The update has to be incredible and shocking."
In December 2016, Al Gore announced that a follow-up to An Inconvenient Truth would open at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival. The film was screened in the Climate section, a new section for films featuring themes of climate and the environment. It was released by Paramount on July 28, 2017.
See also
CO2 (opera) Human impact on the environment
Hurricane Katrina
Extinction risk from climate change
Racing Extinction Catching the Sun''
References
External links
official website
2006 documentary films
2006 films
2006 in the environment
Al Gore
American documentary films
Best Documentary Feature Academy Award winners
Documentary films about global warming
Films adapted into operas
Films directed by Davis Guggenheim
Films produced by Lawrence Bender
Films produced by Scott Z. Burns
Films scored by Michael Brook
Films that won the Best Original Song Academy Award
Paramount Vantage films
Participant (company) films
2000s English-language films
2000s American films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%20Inconvenient%20Truth |
Deidra Dionne (born February 5, 1982) is a Canadian freestyle skier. She was born in North Battleford, Saskatchewan. She won bronze in the 2002 Winter Olympics in freestyle aerial ski She also won the bronze medal at the 2001 and 2003 FIS World Freestyle Ski Championships.
Her health and career appeared in jeopardy on September 1, 2005; when she had a training accident that injured her neck.
She came close to being paralyzed.
She had to have surgery where two vertebrae in her neck were fused with a titanium plate. A bone graft needed to be taken from her right hip. Eventually she recoverred, and was able to participate in the 2006 Winter Olympics.
At the 2002 Salt Lake City Olympics, Dionne won a bronze medal in women's aerial ski jumping.
Personal life
Dionne graduated from the National Sport School in 1999, and then went on to pursue a Bachelor of Arts program through Athabasca University. After she finished her undergrad degree, Dionne studied law at the University of Ottawa. DD then went on to work at Goodmans LLP in Toronto as an Articling Student. She spent 10 months at the firm during 2013–2014. Between September 2015 and April 2018, she worked as the director of partnership and business strategy at Cimoroni & Company, a sport marketing and consulting company.
In April 2018 she joined Rogers Media Inc/Sportsnet as Director of Business Affairs.
References
External links
Canoe article
1982 births
Canadian female freestyle skiers
Living people
Olympic bronze medalists for Canada
Olympic freestyle skiers for Canada
Freestyle skiers at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Freestyle skiers at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Sportspeople from North Battleford
Sportspeople from Saskatchewan
Athabasca University alumni
Olympic medalists in freestyle skiing
Medalists at the 2002 Winter Olympics | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deidra%20Dionne |
("Latin of the stonecutters") or is an argot employed by stonecutters in Galicia, Spain, particularly in the area of Pontevedra, based on the Galician language. They handed down their knowledge in the art of how to split and cut stone by means of this secret language to the next generation.
Description
The argot contains a number of Basque loanwords.
Sample of text
See also
Barallete
Bron
Cant
Gacería
References
Cant languages
Occupational cryptolects
Galician language
Cants with Basque influence
Galician culture
Stonemasonry | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%C3%ADn%20dos%20canteiros |
Dustin Eli Whiteside (born October 22, 1979) is an American former professional baseball catcher who is currently a roving catching instructor for the San Francisco Giants. He stands tall, weighs . He batted and threw right-handed. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Baltimore Orioles, San Francisco Giants, and Chicago Cubs.
Whiteside attended Delta State University before being drafted in the sixth round of the 2001 Major League Baseball (MLB) Draft by the Baltimore Orioles. He played in their organization through 2007, though he only played nine games in the major leagues with the Orioles, all coming in 2005. He signed with the Minnesota Twins in 2008 but was released after playing for their Triple-A team for a month. The San Francisco Giants then signed him, assigning him to the minor leagues. He was called up to be their backup catcher in May 2009, and he caught Jonathan Sánchez's no-hitter on July 10. In 2010, he remained the backup catcher and was on the Giants' roster when they won the World Series, despite not playing any playoff games.
After an injury to Buster Posey in May 2011, Whiteside split time catching with Chris Stewart for the rest of the year. He lost the role of backup to Héctor Sánchez in 2012 and appeared in just 12 games for the Giants during their second World Series-winning season in three years. Following 2012, Whiteside was claimed off waivers multiple times by different clubs before finally winding up with the Texas Rangers, who assigned him to their Triple-A team in 2013. In 2014, he competed for a spot on the Cubs' roster but was beaten out by John Baker and sent to the minors.
Early life
Whiteside was born on October 22, 1979, in New Albany, Mississippi. He was raised on an 80-acre farm that belonged to his grandfather. Whiteside attended W. P. Daniel High School, where he played both baseball and soccer before graduation in 1998.
He then spent three years at Delta State University, majoring in business. At Delta State, he was an All-American, an All-Gulf South Conference, and an All-Region player all three years with the baseball team, in which he batted .390/.440/.620. After his junior year in 2001, the Baltimore Orioles drafted Whiteside in the sixth round of the Major League Baseball (MLB) Draft.
Professional career
Baltimore Orioles (2005)
Whiteside began his minor league career in 2001 with the Single-A Delmarva Shorebirds of the South Atlantic League. In 61 games (212 at bats), he batted .250 with 53 hits, seven home runs, and 28 runs batted in (RBI). He finished second on the club in home runs and had a caught stealing percentage of 41%. Next season, he played for both the Single-A advanced Frederick Keys of the Carolina League and the Double-A Bowie Baysox of the Eastern League. He spent most of the season with Frederick, batting .259 with 89 hits, eight home runs, and 42 RBI in 80 games (313 at bats). In 27 games (99 at bats) with Bowie, he hit .263 with 26 hits, two home runs, and 11 RBI. His combined totals for the two leagues were 107 hits, 10 home runs, and 53 RBI in 107 games (412 at bats).
Outside of a rehab assignment, Whiteside spent all of 2003 with Bowie. In 81 games (265 at bats), he batted .204 with 54 hits, one home run, and 23 RBI. Defensively, he had a .989 fielding percentage and threw out 37% of baserunners. In 2004, Whiteside again played with Bowie. He had two-home-run games against the Akron Aeros on May 17 and the Erie SeaWolves on July 28, finishing fourth in the Orioles' organization on the season with 18 home runs. He batted .279 before the Eastern League All-Star break but hit just .206 afterwards. In 90 games (297 at bats), he hit .253 with 75 hits. Defensively, he posted a .986 fielding percentage. He batted .310 in away games as opposed to .187 in home games. Following the season, he played for the Peoria Javelinas of the Arizona Fall League, batting .329 with 20 RBI in 18 games.
Whiteside moved up to the Triple-A Ottawa Lynx of the International League in 2005, and the Orioles signed veteran catcher Sal Fasano to mentor him. On July 4, Whiteside was called up by the Orioles after Gerónimo Gil was placed on the disabled list. He made his major league debut the next day, entering as a defensive replacement for Fasano in a 12–3 loss to the New York Yankees. Four days later, making his first major league start, he got his first hit, an RBI single against Scott Cassidy in a 9–1 victory over the Boston Red Sox. He appeared in six games and committed two throwing errors, one of which was important. On July 19, he made a wild throw to second base on a stolen base attempt that put Joe Mauer in position to score the tying run from third on a wild pitch in a 4–3 loss to the Minnesota Twins. Whiteside was sent back to Ottawa on July 25 when Javy López came off the disabled list. In 95 games (317 at bats) with Ottawa, Whiteside hit .233 with 74 hits, four home runs, and 27 RBI while posting a caught stealing percentage of 40%. He was also called up in September, appearing in three more games. In nine games (12 at bats) with the Orioles, Whiteside had three hits and one RBI.
Whiteside was considered a "long shot" to make the Orioles' roster in 2006, but he remained in spring training with the Orioles until they made their final cuts on April 1 and sent him to Ottawa. On May 21, Whiteside had four RBI in a game against the Rochester Red Wings, and he had back-to-back three-hit games against the Norfolk Tides from July 23 through 24. In 92 games (315 at bats) with Ottawa in 2006, Whiteside batted .244 with 77 hits, 11 home runs, and 47 RBI. His batting average was .281 at home compared to .201 on the road. In 2007, Whiteside attended spring training but was reassigned to the minors on March 27, coinciding with the Orioles' acquisition of Alberto Castillo. Whiteside began the season with the Orioles' Triple-A affiliate, which was now the Norfolk Tides, but after he batted .180 in 18 games he was reassigned to Bowie on May 11. He spent time on the disabled list from June 18 through July 12 with a fractured right cheekbone. Upon returning, he had a seven-game hitting streak, but he was lost for the season on August 6 after suffering a concussion. In 42 games (141 at bats) with Bowie, Whiteside hit .291 with 41 hits, four home runs, and 30 RBI. After 2007, he filed for free agency, having played in only nine major league games during his seven years with the Orioles.
Minnesota Twins organization (2008)
On November 24, 2007, Whiteside signed a contract with the Minnesota Twins for the 2008 season. He played in eight games with the Rochester Red Wings of the International League, batting .167 before getting released on April 30 when Ryan Jorgensen returned from serving a suspension for performance-enhancing drugs.
San Francisco Giants (2009-2012)
Five days after getting released by the Twins, the San Francisco Giants signed Whiteside. He spent the rest of the year with the Triple-A Fresno Grizzlies of the Pacific Coast League. In 49 games, the most by any catcher with Fresno in 2008, Whiteside batted .238 with 36 hits, two home runs, and 22 RBI. He had a .986 fielding percentage but only threw out seven percent of attempted base-stealers. In 57 games (175 at bats) between Rochester and Fresno, he hit .229 with 40 hits, three home runs, and 23 RBI.
The next season, Whiteside started the year at Fresno again, batting .241 with 28 hits, six home runs, and 24 RBI in 34 games (116 at bats). However, after an elbow injury prevented Pablo Sandoval from catching, the Giants called up Whiteside to be the backup catcher for Bengie Molina on May 24, 2009. The same day, he played his first major league game in four years (and his first for a National League team). He finished the game with a hit and an RBI in three at-bats. Matt Cain said of Whiteside, "He's been great. He's a guy who definitely takes advantage of his days in between, when he's not catching, and asking what guys threw in situations and what the pitches were, so he isn't thrown into the fire the days he's starting. Even if he doesn't see a team, he's still figuring out how guys got them out. He's definitely always learning."
On July 10, 2009, Molina was scheduled to catch, but was unable to because he went to see his wife, who was having a baby. Whiteside caught in his place, and Jonathan Sánchez, starting in place of the injured Randy Johnson, threw a no-hitter against the San Diego Padres. When asked if he thought it was more unlikely for Sánchez to throw a no-hitter or for him to catch it, he said, "Probably me catching one."
He hit a grand slam, his first Major League home run, against Brian Moehler of the Houston Astros in a 10–6 Giants' victory on August 5, 2009. He joined Bobby Bonds, Dave Kingman, Brandon Crawford and Brian Dallimore as the only Giants to hit a grand slam for their first home run. He finished the year with 29 hits in 49 games (126 at-bats), two home runs, and 13 RBI. Defensively, he posted a .993 fielding percentage while catching 39% of attempted base stealers.
In 2010, for the first time in his career, Whiteside made an MLB team out of spring training. He served as Sánchez's personal catcher for much of the season, catching 19 of his starts. Following Molina's trade to the Texas Rangers on June 30, Whiteside saw his playing time reduced as Buster Posey caught more and more games; Whiteside would only start six of the Giants' final 57 games. He finished the regular season with a .238 batting average, appearing in 73 games. Though Whiteside did not appear in any playoff games, he was on the team's roster throughout the playoffs, earning his first career championship title after the Giants won the series against the Rangers.
In 2011, Whiteside again began the year as the backup catcher. However, following Posey's season-ending leg injury on May 25, 2011, he moved into a more prominent role, splitting starting time with Chris Stewart. On June 22, he had two hits (including a triple) and a season-high three RBI in a 5–2 victory over the Twins. He had a season-high three hits on July 14 in a 12-inning, 6–2 victory over San Diego. From August 19 through August 25, he was on the seven-day disabled list with a concussion. In 82 games (213 at bats), Whiteside hit .197 with 42 hits, four home runs, and 17 RBI. Defensively, he threw out 25% of attempted base stealers. He was non-tendered after the season and briefly became a free agent before being re-signed to a one-year deal with the Giants.
In 2012 spring training, Whiteside competed with Stewart for the backup catcher job. However, the Giants ultimately decided to give the role to prospect Héctor Sánchez, a promising hitter who had been expected to start the season with Fresno to work on his defense. Stewart was traded to the Yankees and Whiteside was sent to Fresno. In 60 games (201 at bats) with Fresno, he hit .224 with 45 hits, one home run, and 20 RBI. On July 18, 2012, Whiteside was called up from Fresno when Héctor Sánchez was placed on the disabled list, appearing in six games before being optioned back to Fresno on August 1 when Sánchez returned from the disabled list. He was then recalled on August 26 to be the third-string catcher. Whiteside appeared in 12 games with the Giants in 2012, having one hit (an RBI double) in 11 at bats. He threw out three out of five attempted base stealers. This time, he was left off the playoff roster as the Giants went on to win the World Series in a four-game sweep against the Detroit Tigers.
2012-13 offseason
Due to the emergence of Héctor Sánchez, Whiteside did not expect to return to the Giants after 2012. "I didn't really think I'd be back with the Giants. Love that team and love that organization. They've got a good thing going there. Good group of guys and I've enjoyed the time I've spent there." On November 5, 2012, Whiteside was claimed off waivers by the New York Yankees, agreeing to terms with them on a one-year contract worth $625,000 in the Major Leagues and $200,000 in the Minors on November 26. Just two days later, the Yankees designated Whiteside for assignment to make room for Andy Pettitte. On December 3, he was claimed off waivers by the Toronto Blue Jays.
Texas Rangers organization (2013)
Nine days later, Whiteside was claimed off waivers by the Texas Rangers. He was designated for assignment by the Rangers on January 3, 2013, and removed from the 40 man roster to make room for Jason Frasor. Whiteside cleared waivers the next day and was assigned to the Rangers' Triple-A affiliate Round Rock Express of the Pacific Coast League.
Whiteside attended 2013 spring training as a non-roster invitee, appearing in five games. He played 2013 with the Round Rock Express, where he split time at catcher with Robinson Chirinos and José Félix. In 67 games (225 at bats) with the Express, he hit .187 with 5 home runs and 25 RBI. On October 1, he filed for free agency.
Chicago Cubs
On November 15, 2013, Whiteside signed a minor league contract with the Chicago Cubs, with an invitation to spring training. He competed with John Baker and George Kottaras for the backup catcher role, and was assigned to the Triple-A Iowa Cubs of the Pacific Coast League on March 27 when Baker was given the role. His contract was selected from Iowa on June 3 when Welington Castillo was placed on the disabled list. Whiteside appeared in eight games, batting .120. He was designated for assignment on June 22 when Castillo returned from the disabled list, and sent outright to the Iowa Cubs on June 25. Whiteside elected free agency in October 2014.
Retirement
He signed a minor league contract with the Atlanta Braves during the off-season in 2015, but decided to retire instead.
He returned to the San Francisco Giants as a bullpen catcher.
Personal life
Whiteside married his high school sweetheart, Amy, in 2004. They have two sons: Whit and Wake who play soccer at TFC New albany. Whiteside is easily recognized by his completely gray hair, which he said began to gray when he was in high school. Whiteside said, "I've come to terms with it. As long as it doesn't fall out, I'll be doing all right, I think." After Whiteside won the 2010 World Series, his hometown of New Albany declared an "Eli Whiteside Day" and presented Whiteside with a key to the city.
References
External links
1979 births
Living people
Aberdeen IronBirds players
American expatriate baseball players in Canada
Baltimore Orioles players
Baseball coaches from Mississippi
Baseball players from Mississippi
Bowie Baysox players
Chicago Cubs players
Delmarva Shorebirds players
Frederick Keys players
Fresno Grizzlies players
Gulf Coast Orioles players
Iowa Cubs players
Major League Baseball catchers
Mesa Solar Sox players
Norfolk Tides players
Ottawa Lynx players
People from New Albany, Mississippi
Peoria Javelinas players
Rochester Red Wings players
Round Rock Express players
San Francisco Giants coaches
San Francisco Giants players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eli%20Whiteside |
Dracula 3D (also known as Dario Argento’s Dracula) is a 2012 vampire horror film co-written and directed by Dario Argento and starring Thomas Kretschmann, Rutger Hauer, Marta Gastini, and Unax Ugalde. An Italian-Spanish-French co-production, the film is Argento's first 3D film. Kretschmann took the role of Dracula; he later played Abraham van Helsing in the Budapest-shot television series Dracula.
Plot
During the Walpurgis Night in the woods adjacent to the village of Passo Borgo, located at the foot of the Carpathian Mountains, a couple of young lovers, Tania and Milos, secretly meet and make love. After fighting, Tania removes the cross Milos had given her. On her way home, Tania is chased by a supernatural owl that kills her. Sometime later, Jonathan Harker, a young librarian hired by Count Dracula, a nobleman from the area, arrives at the village. Tania's body mysteriously disappears from the cemetery. In the meantime, Harker, before going to Count Dracula's castle, takes the opportunity to visit Lucy Kisslinger, his wife Mina's best friend as well as the daughter of the local mayor.
Upon arriving at the castle, Harker is greeted by Tania, reanimated as a vampire, who tries from the very beginning to seduce him; however, they are interrupted by Dracula's entrance welcoming Harker. Dracula shows Harker the library he is to catalogue. The following night Tania, having burnt Harker's photo of his wife Mina, tries again to seduce and bite Harker, partially undressing in front of him, but a furious Dracula intervenes, throwing her across the room. Dracula bites Harker's neck but allows him to live. Dracula meanwhile visits Renfield in his cell and frees him from his chains; Renfield acknowledges Dracula as "Master." That night Harker glimpses Dracula climbing unnaturally up the outside wall of the castle. The following day, a weakened but still conscious Harker attempts to escape, but as soon as he is outside the castle, a large wolf with a white lock changes into Dracula, who savages him.
Meanwhile, Mina, Harker's wife, arrives in the village and is a guest for a few days at the home of her dearest friend Lucy Kisslinger, who also gets bitten and turned. The day after, Mina, worried about her husband, goes to Count Dracula's castle. Their encounter makes her forget what happened during her visit. She is completely under the count's influence; the count had orchestrated the events leading up to their encounter; in fact Mina looks exactly like his beloved Dolingen de Gratz, who died some centuries ago.
Returning to the Kisslinger house, Mina learns of the death of her dear friend Lucy. The sequence of such strange and dramatic events summons the aid of Van Helsing, expert on vampires and the techniques used to eliminate them. Being aware of the circumstances, Van Helsing decides to act swiftly and prepares the tools needed to combat vampires. He inspects Lucy's crypt and finds it empty, then kills the undead Lucy as she tries to attack Mina. He then directs himself to the center of evil, Count Dracula's castle.
Meanwhile, Dracula goes to the village and kills a group of men gathered at the tavern who plotted to betray him. At the same time, Van Helsing, inside the castle, is able to definitively kill Tania, Renfield, and a now-undead Harker. Dracula, intent on his desire to reunite with his beloved wife, leads Mina, completely hypnotized, to the castle where Van Helsing is waiting. He has decided to engage in a deadly fight with his evil foe. During the struggle, Van Helsing loses his gun loaded with a silver bullet coated in garlic, but Mina, shaking off Dracula's spell, picks up the gun and kills Dracula with it. The special silver bullet transforms Dracula into ashes, and Mina limps out of the graveyard, Van Helsing along with her. After they leave, however, Dracula's spirit lifts the ashes into the air and, uniting, they shape into a large wolf that leaps forward.
Cast
Thomas Kretschmann as Dracula
Rutger Hauer as Abraham Van Helsing
Marta Gastini as Mina
Asia Argento as Lucy Kisslinger
Unax Ugalde as Jonathan Harker
Miriam Giovanelli as Tania
Giovanni Franzoni as Renfield
Production
Prior to the production of the film Argento had wanted to film a version of Dracula but he "could not find the way into it." With the advances in 3D technology Argento revisited the idea as he felt he could offer a fresh take on the story in 3D.
The project was first announced on 20 May 2010 at the Cannes Film Festival, along with a teaser poster. with the first set images were released on 10 July 2011.
Montalto Dora Castle served as a filming location.
Release
Dracula 3D premiered at the Cannes Film Festival on 19 May 2012. It was released theatrically in France on 27 November 2013.
Reception
Dracula received generally negative reviews, currently holding an 14% rating on Rotten Tomatoes; the consensus states: "Schlocky and gross but far from bad enough to be good, Argento's Dracula 3D bites and sucks in all the wrong ways." On Metacritic, the film has a 23/100 rating, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews".
The Hollywood Reporter gave the film a negative review, noting that the "first of many unintentional laughs in Dario Argento's Dracula 3D comes on the opening credits" and "this is a tired rehash that adds little to the canon aside from such outré touches as having Drac shapeshift into a swarm of flies or a giant grasshopper in one howler of a scene." Variety also gave the film a negative review, stating, "director Argento half-heartedly mixes schlocky 3D f/x with one-dimensional characters for a near-two-hour joke that ought to have been funnier." The A.V. Club gave the film a D rating and criticized the film's "inept pacing, clunky cinematographic staging, shoddy sets."
Screen Daily noted that "it is so lushly loopy that against all odds it could become something of a 3D cult title, and certainly for those of us who have 'experienced' it there is a certain 'I was there' badge of honour to go alongside having been at the Cannes screenings of The Brave or Southland Tales."
Peter Sobczynski of RogerEbert.com also gave an unfavorable review, criticizing Argento for delivering "a version [of Dracula] that plays like a choppy condensation based on hazy memories of the book", and described Thomas Kretschmann's performance as "perhaps the least terrifying version of Dracula to come along since Leslie Nielsen."
The film was also criticized for its look and visual effects, with TV Guide opining that "despite some attractive costumes and sets, Argento's Dracula is a sparse, cheap-looking movie, with visual effects that would have been rejected on Buffy the Vampire Slayer." Likewise, Fangoria faulted the film for containing "some of the worst visual FX for a film of this stature in recent memory."
See also
Vampire film
References
External links
Dracula films
2012 films
2012 3D films
2012 horror films
Italian supernatural horror films
French horror films
Spanish horror films
English-language Italian films
English-language French films
English-language Spanish films
Films directed by Dario Argento
Films based on horror novels
Films shot in Budapest
Films shot in Hungary
Italian independent films
French independent films
Spanish independent films
Films scored by Claudio Simonetti
Films with screenplays by Dario Argento
Filmax films
Films set in castles
2010s English-language films
2010s French films
Enrique Cerezo PC films
2010s Spanish films
2010s Italian films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dracula%203D |
The DOSKY Awards are presented annually for achievements in Slovak theatre. The awards were founded in 1996. The winners are selected by vote by theatre critics. Recent winners in the principal categories have been as follows.
Best Actress
1996 – Diana Mórová for Rosalind in As You Like It
1997 – Zuzana Kronerová for Mother in Mother
1998 – Zora Kolínska for Akulina in Scény z Domu Bessemenovcov - Meštiaci
1999 – Adela Gáborová for Lady Macbeth in Macbeth
2000 – Emília Vášáryová for The Old Woman in The Chairs
2001 – Anna Šišková for Celia in Večierok
2002 – Emília Vášáryová for Maria Callas in The Master Class
2003 – Anna Šišková for The Young Woman in Bash
2004 – Emília Vášáryová for Stevie in The Goat, or Who Is Sylvia?
2005 – Ingrid Timková for Kráľovná noci in Ignorant a šialenec
2006 – Táňa Pauhofová for Manon in Manon Lescaut
2007 – Zuzana Kanócz for Portia Coughlanová in Portia Coughlanová
2008 – Daniela Kuffelová for Matka in Matka
2009 – Jana Oľhová for Sara in Mobil
2010 – Edita Borsová for Beta in Máša a Beta
2011 – Szidi Tobias for Žena in Gazdova krv
2012 – Božidara Turzonovová for Natálie in Pohania
2013 – Anna Javorková for Clytemnestra in Oresteia
2014 – Zdena Studenková for Leni Riefenstahl in Leni
2015 – Dominika Kavaschová for Runa in Mojmír II. alebo Súmrak ríše
2016 – Petra Vajdová for Emilie Ekdahl in Fanny and Alexander
2017 – Lucia Korená for Anne Frank in Anne Frank
2018 – Barbora Andrešičová for Emma in People, Places and Things
2019 – Tatiana Poláková for Mary Stuart in Mary Stuart
2020 – not awarded due to the COVID-19 pandemic
2021 – not awarded due to the COVID-19 pandemic
2022 – Alena Pajtinková for Masha in Three Sisters
Best Actor
1996 – Ján Kožuch for Herec in ...príď kráľovstvo Tvoje
1997 – Martin Huba for Zhevakin in Marriage
1998 – Boris Farkaš for Tetrev in Scény z Domu Bessemenovcov
1999 – Marián Slovák for Tevye in Fiddler on the Roof
2000 – Boris Farkaš for Porfirij Petrovič in Vražda sekerou v Svätom Peterburgu
2001 – Vladimír Hajdu for Vikomt de Valmont in Kvartéto
2002 – Matej Landl for Larry in Bližšie od teba
2003 – Milan Lasica for Henri in Life x 3
2004 – Juraj Kukura for Martin in The Goat, or, Who is Sylvia?
2005 – Marián Labuda for Tiso in Tiso
2006 – Peter Šimun for Rudolf Höller in Pred odchodom na odpočinok
2007 – Martin Huba for Henrik in Popol a vášeň
2008 – for Hamlet in Hamlet
2009 – Jevgenij Libezňuk for Lopakhin in The Cherry Orchard
2010 –
2011 – Miroslav Noga for Gazdu in Gazdova krv
2012 – Dano Heriban for Ján in Sedem dní do pohrebu
2013 – Dano Heriban for Janek Kráľ in www.narodnycintorin.sk
2014 – Ľuboš Kostelný for Maximilián Aue in Láskavé bohyne
2015 – Tamás Gál for Zsolt Vidra in Spiatočka / Rükverc
2016 – Richard Stanke for Eduard Vergérus in Fanny a Alexander
2017 – Tomáš Mischura for Dávid in Deň, keď zomrel Gott
2018 – Martin Huba for Mathias Clausen in Before Sundown
2019 – Peter Brajerčík for Peter Brajerčík in Peter Brajerčík a Júlia Rázusová: Moral Insanity
2020 – not awarded due to the COVID-19 pandemic
2021 – not awarded due to the COVID-19 pandemic
2022 – Ľuboš Kostelný for Prince Hamlet in Hamlet
References
Slovak theatre awards
Slovak awards
Awards established in 1996 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOSKY%20Awards |
Volcano the Bear are an improvisational/experimental English band formed in Leicester in 1995. The group's members are Aaron Moore (drums, trumpet, vocals), Nick Mott (saxophone, guitar, vocals), Clarence Manuelo (tapes, electronics) and Daniel Padden (keyboards, guitar, clarinet, vocals). Although the principal roles of each member are as listed, the group use a large array of additional sound-making objects to create their music.
Early work
Their early work was characterised by theatrical live performances and unconventional recording methods; for example The One Burned Ma, their second full-length album, contains no tracks on which all four members appear. Having self-released a handful of cassettes and CD-Rs, several as every short-run limited editions with hand-drawn inserts, they came to the attention of Steven Stapleton of Nurse With Wound, who revived his United Dairies imprint to release The Inhazer Decline, their first full-length album. However, a proposed collaboration with Nurse With Wound was not completed. They continued to release regular live CDRs on their own Volucan imprint, and later albums such as Five Hundred Boy Piano and much of The Idea of Wood were performed live in the studio.
Hiatus
A hiatus in group activity occurred in the early part of the 2000s with Mott and Moore reviving their pre-Volcano the Bear unit Songs of Norway. Manuelo created an album and EP as Earthtrumpet. Padden founded The One Ensemble of Daniel Padden initially as a solo project, later expanded to a quartet, with Chris Hladowski and Aby Vulliamy (both of Nalle), and Peter Nicholson. This unit has subsequently issued its releases as "The One Ensemble", with Padden releasing an album in 2006 of his solo material under his own name. Padden has also played with the Glasgow Improvisers Orchestra.
Moore played drums on the 1999 L.P. Free Surf Music #1 by Alan Jenkins and The Thurston Lava Tube, drummed for The Nightingales for a while, and in 2005 formed the duo Dragon or Emperor with occasional VtB collaborator Stewart Brackley. He also released a solo album The Accidental on which Alex Neilson and Andrew Liles appear. He is currently a member of the Brooklyn band Freetime.
Reunification
In early 2006 the band reconvened to release a double album Classic Erasmus Fusion to excellent reviews, and later that year released a live recording of their first performance as a full band in four years entitled Egg and Two Books.
The band released their first album for five years, Golden Rhythm / Ink Music, in April 2012.
Musical style
The band's music has been described as "avant-garde drone rock", "avant rock", and on the album 500 Boy Piano British folk influences were noted. Their 2012 album Golden Rhythm / Ink Music was described as pushing "well beyond the boundaries of rock music, incorporating elements of Middle Eastern music, American freak folk, jazz, and Dadaist literary absurdity". They have been compared with The Residents, Nurse With Wound, and Faust among others.
Discography
Compilation appearances
Lactamase Bonus Compilation
References
External links
Volcano the Bear at brainwashed.com
One Ensemble of Daniel Padden at brainwashed.com
Interview with Volcano The Bear (2008)
Beta-lactam Ring Records
Review of Five Hundred Boy Piano at losingtoday.com
English experimental musicians
Musicians from Leicester
Rune Grammofon artists
Misra Records artists | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcano%20the%20Bear |
The Capitol Theatre is located in Port Hope, Ontario, and is one of the last fully restored atmospheric movie theatres still in operation in Canada. Now a National Historic Site and still used for performances, it was constructed in 1930, with an interior designed to resemble a walled medieval courtyard surrounded by a forest. It was one of the first cinemas in the country built expressly for talking pictures. It opened on Friday, August 15, 1930, screening Queen High starring Charlie Ruggles and Ginger Rogers.
History
The Capitol Theatre, located at 20 Queen Street, Port Hope, Ontario, was built by Famous Players in 1930 following the closure of the Grand Opera House (Music Hall) the previous year. Famous Players was convinced that the project would be worth undertaking after the former Opera House manager, Stuart Smart, lobbied the company.
The theatre cost 60,000 dollars to build, the interior is styled to resemble a Norman Castle. On opening night the theatre was outfitted with 648 seats (later scaled back to 550).
The building itself was designed by the former President of the Ontario Association of Architects, Murray Brown, who oversaw the construction by Thomas Garnet and Sons, a local firm responsible for many landmarks of the area, including the 1927 addition to the Port Hope High School.
In 1945 the Capitol Theatre was sold to Premier theatres. Premier continued to operate the theatre until February 1987, when declining profits led to the decision to put the Capitol up for sale in 1986. The last movies to be shown were Assassination and Firewalker, following which the seats were removed due to it being one of the conditions of sale.
After the Friends of the Capitol Theatre failed to get off the ground in the late 1980s; In 1994, a small group of local citizens formed the Capitol Theatre Heritage Foundation, a not-for-profit group, led by Rod Stewart. The group subsequently raised $1.6 million for the initial restoration of the Capitol Theatre. The Foundation was also tasked with seeking Heritage Designation for the building.
Another $3 million was raised in 2002 for an expansion and further renovation. The construction phase of the project was completed by 2004-2005, when the new Cameco Capitol Arts Centre opened to the public.
In 2013, funding from the Ontario Trillium Foundation allowed the Capitol Theatre to upgrade the projection room from 35mm films to digital projection – allowing the theatre to continue to screen new releases.
Currently, the Capitol Theatre (which also operates under the title "Cameco Capitol Arts Centre"), operates as both a movie theatre and hosts live stage productions; and is run by staff with the assistance of a large base of volunteers. The theatre was designated a National Historic Site on July 4, 2016. A federal plaque reflecting its status was unveiled in a ceremony on November 15, 2017.
Architecture
Common in theatre design at the time of the construction of the Capitol Theatre was the layout of a small entrance frontage and a long narrow lobby with the auditorium opening out behind street-front stores. This was because taxes were based on street frontage, land for the larger auditorium was cheaper on back lots and a long narrow lobby connecting the entrance to the auditorium worked well for ticket line-ups. as a theatre built exclusively for talking pictures, it had a small stage, low rake to the floor, no back-stage facilities, a minimal number of washrooms and limited lobby space.
Built at the beginning of the [Great Depression in Canada], the capitol was designed as an atmospheric movie theatre, a low cost, highly visual Theatre design. Twilight sky, hanging vines and castellated battlements are all part of the Norman Courtyard design; an outdoor illusion, enhanced by clouds projected on to the seamless ceiling by a Brenograph (an innovative machine of the 1920s).
The facade begins the illusion that one is approaching a medieval castle with its leaded, diamond paned windows. The exterior Egyptian-motif "Capitol" sign is original to the theatre. It was, apparently erected on instructions from Famous Players, and was not in the original designs. The projecting marquee emulates a drawbridge to the outer lobby with its stenciled detail, faux painted walls and original terrazzo floor, show boards and ticket window.
The Art Deco influence of the 1930s construction period is most evident in the paint colours and stencils used in the lobby and auditorium. From the inner lobby with its original furniture, one ascends the steps to the auditorium where frescoed walls and ceiling suggest one is sitting in a medieval castle courtyard, which was created with the use of faux plaster work walls that are finished in 17 different colours.
Ceiling plaster was applied in one continuous operation by recruiting a large team of plasterers from miles around, who worked around the clock standing on cedar pole scaffolding, to obtain a seamless sky before the plaster had a chance to dry. Much of the artwork was rendered not in paint but in wet coloured plaster, according to the traditional fresco method. In the trade, these theatres were sometimes called "soft tops" since the illusion was of no ceiling—of being out of doors. Stencils on the proscenium arch are original, as are the wall lanterns.
References
External links
Capitol Theatre
Capitol Theatre History
Capitol Theatre Foundation fonds
Cinemas and movie theatres in Ontario
Repertory cinemas in Canada
Festival venues in Canada | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitol%20Theatre%20%28Port%20Hope%29 |
The Treviño–Uribe Rancho is a historic fortified home at the junction of Trevino and Uribe Streets in the small frontier town of San Ygnacio, Texas. With a construction history dating to 1830, it is one of the oldest surviving buildings from the period of Spanish-Mexican settlement of the north bank of the lower Rio Grande. The building was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1998.
Description and history
The Treviño–Uribe Rancho is a multiroom sandstone structure, its chambers arranged in an L shape, with thick stone walls forming an enclosed rectangular compound. It sits on a bluff overlooking the Rio Grande to the west. There are no windows as such on the outside, only loopholes through which defenders might fire at attackers, and the main entrance to the compound is a fortified arched gateway with heavy double doors. The chambers of the house are reflective of multiple building campaigns in the 19th century, retaining many original features.
The San Ygnacio area was in the 18th century part of a large Spanish colonial land grant, extending on both sides of the Rio Grande. Early ranchos were established on the south bank of the Rio Grande, one of which, called Revilla (and later supplanted by present-day Guerrero), was across the river from the site of San Ygnacio. Jesus Treviño, a wealthy landowner from Revilla, purchased acreage on the north bank of the Rio Grande, and built a single-chamber stone structure in 1830, which is the oldest surviving portion of the rancho.
This structure was probably not a permanent habitation, but was likely intended as shelter from the elements and Native American attacks. Treviño's son-in-law, Blas Maria Uribe, added to this structure in building campaigns between 1851 and 1871, which transformed it into the compound seen today. One of its features is a native stone made into a polished sundial and set into the north wall of the fort.
A substantial number of 19th-century fortified homes similar to this one were lost in the 20th century with the construction of the Falcon International Reservoir.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Zapata County, Texas
List of National Historic Landmarks in Texas
Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks in Zapata County
References
External links
National Historic Landmarks in Texas
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Texas
Historic American Buildings Survey in Texas
Houses in Zapata County, Texas
National Register of Historic Places in Zapata County, Texas
Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trevino%E2%80%93Uribe%20Rancho |
Jammin' in the Middle E is an Australia drama set amongst the Arab-Australian community in Sydney's West. The feature aired on 16 February 2006 on SBS.
Plot
The movie sheds light on the inhabitants of Western Sydney, an area known for its cultural diversity and in the eyes of some its ethnic related gang violence. It revolves around Naima (Julie Kanaan), her romantic interest Rafi (Matuse) and her brother Ishak (NOMISe) living their run-of-the-mill middle class conservative Lebanese Muslim existence. Sharief (Anthony Hawwa) is the film's standover man, a Lebanese youth gang leader who causes trouble for Ishak, his brother Musa (Mohamed Jajatieh) and cousin Hakim (Marouf Alameddine).
Cast
Ishak - NOMISe
Naima - Julie Kanaan
Rafi - Matuse
Said - Fadl Abdul Hay
Musa - Mohamed Jajatieh
Hakim - Marouf Alameddine
Grandma - Armida Croccolo
Thana - Susan Chamma
Sarwa - Elissar Mukhtar
Mom - Chadia Gedeon Hajjar
Sharief - Anthony Hawwa
Police Man - David Scott
Layla - Issra Jajatieh
Omar - Pino Scuro
Production
It was produced by Virus Media. The production received support from various organisations including the Australia Council, NSW Ministry for the Arts, Australian Film Commission, NSW Film and Television Office and SBSi.
Crew
Producer - Enda Murray
Director - Kim Mordaunt
Writer - Howard Jackson
Director of Photography - Joel Peterson
Co-producer - Cinzia Guaraldi
External links
Official website
The Age review
SBS website
Arabic Pages article
Arab-Australian culture
Australian television films
Television shows set in New South Wales
Films about organised crime in Australia
Films directed by Kim Mordaunt
2006 films
2006 television films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jammin%27%20in%20the%20Middle%20E |
The Five Articles of Remonstrance or the Remonstrance were theological propositions advanced in 1610 by followers of Jacobus Arminius who had died in 1609, in disagreement with interpretations of the teaching of John Calvin then current in the Dutch Reformed Church. Those who supported them were called "Remonstrants".
Background
Forty-six preachers and the two leaders of the Leyden state college for the education of preachers met in The Hague on 14 January 1610, to state in written form their views concerning all disputed doctrines. The document in the form of a remonstrance was drawn up by Jan Uytenbogaert and after a few changes was endorsed and signed by all in July.
The Remonstrants did not reject confession and catechism, but did not acknowledge them as permanent and unchangeable canons of faith. They ascribed authority only to the word of God in Holy Scripture and were averse to all formalism. They also maintained that the secular authorities have the right to interfere in theological disputes to preserve peace and prevent schisms in the Church.
The Remonstrants' Five Articles of Remonstrance was met with a response written primarily by Festus Hommius, called The Counter-Remonstrance of 1611. The Counter-Remonstrance of 1611 defended the Belgic Confession against theological criticisms from the followers of late Jacob Arminius, although Arminius himself claimed adherence to the Belgic Confession and Heidelberg Catechism till his death.
Finally, the Five Articles of Remonstrance were subject to review by the Dutch National Synod held in Dordrecht in 1618–19 (see the Synod of Dort). The judgements of the Synod, known as the Canons of Dort (Dordrecht), opposed the Remonstrance with Five Heads of Doctrine, with each one set as an answer to one of the five Articles of the Remonstrance. It was this response which gave rise to what has since become known as the Five Points of Calvinism. Modified to form the acrostic TULIP they covered the soteriological topics within Calvinism, summarizing the essence of what they believe constitutes an orthodox view on each of the following points:
Total depravity : the sin that we are bound to
Unconditional election : the basis of God's choice of the saved
Limited atonement : the application of the benefits of the atonement
Irresistible grace : how the Holy Spirit brings man to repentance and faith
Perseverance of the saints : the assurance that the saints will bring forth the fruits of the Spirit.
The five articles
Article 1 – Conditional election
This article rejects the concept that election into Christ is unconditional. Rather, this article asserts that election is conditional upon faith in Christ, and that God elects to salvation those He knows beforehand will have faith in Him.
Article 2 – Unlimited atonement
This article rejects the concept of limited atonement, which asserts that Christ only died for those God chooses to be saved. This article asserts that Christ died for all, but that salvation is limited to those who believe in Christ.
Article 3 – Total depravity
This article affirms the total depravity of man, that man is unable to do the will of God, and cannot save himself, apart from the grace of God.
Article 4 – Prevenient grace
This article rejects the concept of irresistible grace, contending that mankind has the free will to resist to the prevenient grace of God.
Article 5 – Conditional preservation of the saints
This article rather than outright rejecting the notion of perseverance of the saints, argues that it may be conditional upon the believer remaining in Christ. The writers explicitly stated that they were not sure on this point, and that further study was needed.
Sometime between 1610, and the official proceeding of the Synod of Dort (1618), the Remonstrants became fully persuaded in their minds that the Scriptures taught that a true believer was capable of falling away from faith and perishing eternally as an unbeliever. They formalized their views in "The Opinion of the Remonstrants" (1618), and later in Remonstrant Confession (1621).
Notes and references
Citations
Sources
Further reading
1610 works
Arminian texts
Calvinism in the Dutch Republic
Jacobus Arminius
Philosophy and thought in the Dutch Republic
Salvation in Protestantism
Works of the Dutch Golden Age | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five%20Articles%20of%20Remonstrance |
Rutherglen railway station is in the town centre of Rutherglen, South Lanarkshire, Scotland, and lies on the Argyle Line. The station is served by a single island platform, connected to the street by a footbridge.
History
Earlier stations
The first Rutherglen station was opened on the Caledonian Railway's line to Glasgow on 1 June 1849, or possibly 1842. The side platforms existed beneath today's footbridge at the base of the triangular junction. Serving about 70 passenger trains daily, it was replaced on 31 March 1879 by the second one stretching below the Farmeloan Road bridge. This, and subsequent stations, had both side platforms and island platforms. The third station served the west side and base of the triangle near the respective angle. The fourth station at the mid east side of the triangle complemented the third one. Despite the three rebuilds, access remained a concern.
Passenger services to London Road station, that began 1 April 1879, ceased when the Glasgow Central Railway underground commenced on 1 November 1895. Services on the latter route were withdrawn as part of the Beeching Axe on 5 October 1964. Signal boxes have existed at the three angles. In 1973, a central control room in Glasgow replaced the final one at the apex.
On 6 May 1974, the West Coast Main Line (WCML) was opened to electrified services, which included Hamilton Circle services through the slow line island platform.
1979 station
Routes
No longer accessible to the public, but still visible, the former WCML island platform was closed when the new one opened in the vicinity of the fourth station on 5 November 1979 for Argyle Line services along the former route via . Consequently, the DMU services on the Whifflet Line that terminated at Glasgow Central High Level bypassed the stop from 1979. When the Whifflet Line was electrified in December 2014, these trains were rerouted to the Argyle Line and the stop restored.
Eastwards, the Argyle Line formed a connection with the WCML and either diverged to the Whifflet Line, or continued on the WCML towards before continuing to the southern ends of the Argyle Line (Hamilton Circle, or ). Since the 2014 electrification, passengers for stations to Motherwell and Lanark via have changed at Cambuslang.
Passenger access
Access to the present platform is by a large (covered) footbridge from the Main Street, over the high-level railway to stairs down to the island platform and ticket office. To create a pram friendly and a disability-compliant option, the installation of a lift was completed in April 2009. The level crossing at the opposite end is restricted to staff accessing the nearby First Engineering Training Centre.
2010 M74 works
During 2010, the M74 extension included the motorway flyover at the north end of the platform.
Accidents
1865: A train fatally struck a contractor's employee in the vicinity.
1867: A train ran over and killed a platelayer.
1869: In the Rutherglen tunnel about west of the then station, an eastbound passenger train ran into the rear of a coal train that was awaiting the line ahead to clear. Several passengers suffered serious injuries.
1876: An eastbound passenger train failed to observe a signal and crashed into the rear of a local passenger train at the station. Damage and injuries were minor.
1880: A westbound passenger express overran a signal and smashed into the rear of a local passenger train departing the station. Although the rolling stock sustained extensive damage, only one passenger suffered a serious injury. The engine driver's four-month sentence was commuted to two months. That year, a signalman, on stepping off the main line to avoid an approaching passenger train, sustained internal injuries on being struck by a coal train on the loop line.
1887: During dense fog, an eastbound passenger train collided with a stationary pilot engine east of the station. Believing the latter was on a siding, the signalman had given the passenger train a clear signal. Damage was significant and eight passengers sustained cuts and bruises.
1898: A porter seized a passenger, who was boarding a moving train. In attempting to drag him from the compartment, the man dropped between the train and platform. Run over by the wheels, the victim died within hours.
1901: An engine struck a track labourer. Months later, an express fatally struck an employee, who inattentively stepped from a goods van in the station vicinity.
1904: An engine fatally struck a brakeman.
1906: A fireman was crushed between a wagon and engine. Later that year, the wheels of a milk train crushed a porter's foot.
1907: A brakeman sustained a serious head injury when struck from behind by a train.
1930: During heavy fog, an eastbound passenger train smashed into the rear coach of another passenger train stopped at a signal about west of the station. Believing the first train had passed, the signalman had inadvertently set the signal to red. Twelve passengers suffered fractures or other serious injuries, and 65 minor injuries.
1931: An eastbound passenger train struck a passenger train being shunted about out of the station. Neither train carrying passengers, no injuries occurred, but one train was partially derailed and a carriage was badly damaged.
1936: Shortly before Rutherglen, a woman inexplicably fell from a westbound passenger train.
1938: An axle failure on a westbound passenger train caused a derailment where the final coach mounted the platform and landed on its side. The aftermath was one fatality and multiple serious injuries.
1940: Fatality, but details unspecified.
1944: Fatality, but details unspecified.
1975: A westbound cement train struck an eastbound passenger train, which was crossing from the slow to fast line on leaving the station. Only one passenger in the four derailed coaches sustained serious injuries.
1977: An express fatally struck a three-year-old boy who had wandered through a broken fence and fallen down an embankment onto the line.
Services
|-
|
|
|}
Footnotes
References
External links
Rutherglen at RailScot
Glasgow, Rutherglen Railway Station (New), Glasgow Low Level Lines, Dalmarnock Branch at Canmore
Railway stations in South Lanarkshire
Buildings and structures in Rutherglen
Former Caledonian Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1849
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1879
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1879
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1964
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1979
SPT railway stations
Railway stations served by ScotRail
1849 establishments in Scotland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutherglen%20railway%20station |
The duxianqin is a Chinese plucked string instrument with only one string; it is derived from the Vietnamese đàn bầu. Chinese sources describe duxianqin as being an instrument of the Jing (also spelled Gin or Kinh) ethnic group, who are ethnic Vietnamese living in China. It is still commonly played by this ethnic group. Sometimes the body of the instrument is made from a large tube of bamboo rather than wood, which is more common in Vietnam.
Cultural context
The duxianqin has been recognized by the Chinese government to be "a vehicle of 'intangible cultural heritage,' which can be defined as song, music, dance, drama, crafts and similar prized skills that can be recorded but not touched or interacted with." The cultural significance of duxianqin as a traditional instrument for ethnic groups is commonly accepted and enjoyed within China. It is common for groups of duxianqin players to come together to play at large-scale and small-scale Chinese festivals.
Playing the duxianqin
The duxianqin is played using harmonics, with the string's tension varied by the use of a flexible rod. The string is plucked with the right hand, and the pitch is simultaneously controlled with the left hand by moving the rod to adjust the tension on the string. Depending on the direction that the rod is turned, either toward or away from the player, it will bend the pitch of the string to higher or lower notes.
See also
Đàn bầu
Diddley bow
Traditional Chinese musical instruments
References
External links
Photograph of a duxianqin
Duxianqin article (Chinese)
Duxianqin page (Chinese)
Video
Duxianqin video
Duxianqin video
Duxianqin video
Chinese musical instruments
Box zithers
Monochords | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duxianqin |
Lány may refer to places in the Czech Republic:
Lány (Chrudim District), a municipality and village in the Pardubice Region
Lány (Havlíčkův Brod District), a municipality and village in the Vysočina Region
Lány (Kladno District), a municipality and village in the Central Bohemian Region, known for Lány Castle
Lány u Dašic, a municipality and village in the South Bohemian Region
Lány, a village and part of Červené Janovice in the Central Bohemian Region
Lány, a village and part of Kostomlaty nad Labem in the Central Bohemian Region
Lány, a village and part of Lázně Bělohrad in the Hradec Králové Region
Lány, a town part of Litomyšl in the Pardubice Region
Lány, a town part of Svitavy in the Pardubice Region
Lány na Důlku, a village and part of Pardubice in the Pardubice Region | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A1ny |
Bidpay may refer to:
BidPay, an internet payments system
Panchatantra (also called The Fables of Bidpai), a collection of fables | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bidpay |
The New Party or the Modernist Party (, Neoteristikon Komma) was a reformist Greek political party.
Political background
During the First Hellenic Republic (1828–1832) and the reign of King Otto (1833–1863), the political parties were essentially based on clientage of the Great Powers: the Russian Party, the English Party, and the French Party.
During the first years of the reign of King George I, the political life of the country did not differ considerably from the previous Othonian period. Moreover, the new Constitution of 1864 was directed toward the modernization of the political system. However, the crown's political interventions were undiminished, and "court governments" succeeded one another. The dissolution of the old political parties led to the creation of modern parties based on explicit and enduring parliamentary principles.
Until the 1870s, loose parties continued to prevail without principles or a political program, instead based they were organized around the personality of a more or less charismatic leader. This situation changed with the dynamic intervention of Charilaos Trikoupis, when he converted his Fifth Party into a new philosophically-based party. A supporter of the British two-party parliamentary system; in 1873, he created the New Party (Neoteristiko Komma) according to the model of western democracies.
After Trikoupis published his critical diatribe in the Athens daily Kairoi entitled "Who's to Blame" and clearly pointed the finger at royal favoritism in the selection of prime ministers, he was, after a brief time in prison, asked to form a government to lead the country into the 1875 general election. These were among the cleanest elections in Greek history, but the New Party was defeated by the Nationalist Party of Alexandros Koumoundouros.
Philosophy of the party
The New Party was organized around the principles of modernization (defined as emulating Western European culture) of the political, social and economic life of the country. Specifically, the priority of the New Party was the development of the private economic sphere and the consequent restriction of state intervention in the economy.
This political program was supported by the emerging middle class in the Greek state, the business activities of the Greeks living abroad and the western European investors who sought new investment opportunities partially because of the great decline of the traditional European economies. Thus, the program of the New Party introduced systematically into the Greek state the new ideas and principles of British liberalism.
However, the program is not adequate enough to characterize it as a modern party. The absence of established governance procedures and organs within the party with responsibility for policy planning and decision-making rendered this party dependent on the leader like most historical political groupings throughout Greek history. Consequently, it might be more exact to characterize Neoteristiko as a "transitional" party since it made demands for the modernization of the parties rather than inaugurating new institutions and procedures by its actions.
Electoral history
The Nationalist Party remained in power most of the time until March 15, 1882. During this time, he was able to push through an aggressive program of reforms. Trikoupis was a strong believer in the need to create an infrastructure to support the economy, and to attract foreign investment. A progressive program of road and railroad construction significantly improved internal communications. The most important of the works he campaigned for was the digging of the Corinth Canal.
In the 1885 general election, voters elected only 56 New Party deputies against 184 deputies for the Nationalist Party led by Theodoros Deligiannis. Despite the mandate, however, the Deligiannis government fell a year later and Trikoupis was again Prime Minister until 1890.
Trikoupis led New Party governments again from June 22, 1892 to May 15, 1893 in which Trikoupis stood before parliament and made the most famous statement of his career: "Regretfully, we are broke". This was due to massive overspending as Greece sought to modernize its military forces on land and sea and each government struggled to outdo the previous. The servicing of foreign loans was suspended, and all non-essential spending was cut.
The New Party was again in power from November 11, 1893 to January 24, 1895. It was during that time that the planning for the 1896 Summer Olympics was begun. Trikoupis was skeptical about the games and feared that the country could not burden the cost. He was convinced, eventually, to host them and made the needed arrangements. This would be his last term in office.
Trikoupis tried to make terms with the creditors of his nation, but he failed there too. The first taxation which he proposed aroused great hostility, and in January, 1895 he resigned. At the 1895 general election, four months later, he and his New Party were defeated and, within a year, the only leader the New Party had ever known was dead.
Corfiot Georgios Theotokis led the party and was prime minister from April 14, 1899 to November 25, 1901, from June 27, 1903 to July 11, 1903, and from December 19, 1903 to December 29, 1904, before winning the 1905 general election and serving as Prime Minister from December 21, 1905 – July 29, 1909.
Ousted by the military as a result of the Goudi Pronunciamento, Theotokis was the last leader of the New Party. With the arrival of Eleftherios Venizelos in Greece in 1910, most liberal supporters gravitated to the new Komma Fileleftheron.
Leaders
Charilaos Trikoupis (1873–1895)
Georgios Theotokis (1898–1910)
Sources
Clogg, Richard; A Short History of Modern Greece; Cambridge University Press, 1979;
John A. Petropulos; Politics and Statecraft in the Kingdom of Greece; Princeton University Press, 1968
Political parties established in 1873
Liberal parties in Greece
Defunct liberal political parties
Defunct political parties in Greece
1873 establishments in Greece
Charilaos Trikoupis | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Party%20%28Greece%2C%201873%29 |
Airbles railway station serves the Airbles area of Motherwell, North Lanarkshire in Scotland. It is located around away from Fir Park stadium, home of Motherwell F.C.
History
The station was a new construction in 1989 by British Rail, on the Hamilton Circle.
The station missed out on services from the new Larkhall branch because the reopened line connects in a westerly direction as a result of the M74 now being in the location of the previous easterly junction.
Services
2016
The current service pattern, Mondays-Saturdays is:
2tph to Dalmuir via Hamilton Central and Glasgow Central Low Level
2tph to Motherwell, with an hourly extension to Cumbernauld
The Sunday service is:
2tph to Milngavie, via Hamilton and Glasgow Central Low Level
2tph to Motherwell
2022 - Anderson Tunnel Closure
Due to engineering work in the Anderson tunnel between Rutherglen and Exhibition Centre between the 13th of March till the 8th of May, the service frequency will be altered to:
Monday - Saturday:
1tph to Glasgow Central High Level via Hamilton, Newton and Mount Florida
1tph to Motherwell with only peak time services extending to Cumbernauld
Sunday:
1tph to Glasgow Central High Level via Hamilton, Newton and Mount Florida
1tph to Motherwell
Trains that run to Cumbernauld on the weekdays and Saturdays will only be operated between Motherwell and Cumbernauld during the closure apart from the extra peak time service.
Replacement bus services will operate from Newton and call between stations from Newton to Partick.
References
Notes
Sources
Buildings and structures in Motherwell
SPT railway stations
Railway stations in North Lanarkshire
Railway stations opened by British Rail
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1989
1989 establishments in Scotland
Railway stations served by ScotRail | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbles%20railway%20station |
Divine Word University is a national Catholic university in Papua New Guinea. It is one of the newest tertiary institutions in the country. It was established as a university by an Act of Parliament in 1996. The university is ecumenical and coeducational, and is under the leadership of the Divine Word Missionaries.
History
Its first educational institution was Divine Word Secondary High School. In 1980, this became Divine Word Institute, established by an Act of Parliament.
It is based in Madang on the north coast of Papua New Guinea. On-site accommodation is available in DWU as well as day attendance for local students.
Divine Word University has five faculties. These are Arts, Business and Informatics, Education, Health Sciences, and Theology. In 2012 the former Faculty of Flexible Learning was changed into the Flexible Learning Centre and each of its constituent departments migrated to one of the other faculties for administrative purposes. The University offers undergraduate degrees as well as Masters programs in most faculties, and the PhD. Masters and PhD programs can be done on a full-time basis or off campus in distance mode by occasional attendance and work completion.
The university is amalgamating and affiliating with a number of institutions to provide a broader base of education. In April 2002, the College of Allied Health Sciences (Madang) amalgamated and St. Benedict's Teachers College in Wewak, East Sepik Province joined in August 2003. These institutions are now campuses of DWU. In 2013, the university joined in operating Tabubil Hospital in Tabubil, Western Province.
In 2016, the university appointed Cecilia Nembou as president and vice-chancellor, the first woman to hold the position of vice-chancellor at a university in Papua New Guinea.
Affiliations
The Catholic Higher Education Association (PNG)
The Asia-Pacific Conference of SVD-administered Universities
Notable people
John Z'graggen (former faculty member)
References
About DWU
External links
University homepage
Universities in Papua New Guinea
Madang Province
Nondenominational Christian universities and colleges
Religious organisations based in Papua New Guinea
Catholic Church in Papua New Guinea
Universities and colleges established in 1980
Divine Word Missionaries Order
1996 establishments in Oceania | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divine%20Word%20University |
Asset recovery, also known as investment or resource recovery, is the process of maximizing the value of unused or end-of-life assets through effective reuse or divestment. While sometimes referred to in the context of a company undergoing liquidation, Asset recovery also can describe the process of liquidating excess inventory, refurbished items, and equipment returned at the end of a lease.
Asset recovery can also refer to the task of recovery of assets that have been wrongfully taken either stolen, fraudulently misappropriated or otherwise disposed of to remove them from their rightful owner.
Asset recovery has three main elements—identification, redeployment, and divestment. Specialized asset recovery software may assist any of these steps.
Identification
Because unproductive assets cost money, it is important to classify them as such by investment recovery personnel. Later, a decision can be made whether to redeploy or divest. Surplus assets could be in any form, including fixed equipment, mobile equipment, buildings, or land. Idle or surplus assets can be either capital assets or non-capital surplus.
Redeployment
Redeploying an idle asset to another part of an organization is often the most productive use for the asset. Asset redeployment also saves the organization money by eliminating the need to purchase a new asset at current market rates. For effective reuse, another part of the company needs to require an asset of that kind. It must also be practical to transfer and deploy the asset at the new location.
One form of internal redeployment is cannibalization of usable spare parts from one asset to another. For example, a taxicab company has two non-running cabs with different non-working parts in each. By taking a working part from one non-running cab and placing it in the other, the company has reduced its number of non-running cabs by 50%.
Disposition
Disposition of surplus or idle assets is the process of either selling, scrapping, recycling, donating, or disposing an asset. The process involves removing the asset from an organization's books. When this is done effectively, the organization obtains capital that can be placed back into the business. In addition, a good asset sale produces revenue and boosts profits. Donations also build goodwill and deliver tax benefits. The type of disposition method employed will depend on the type of asset, its fair value, and market demand.
References
Asset | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asset%20recovery |
Fuzzy Door Productions is an American film and television production company founded by Seth MacFarlane in 1998. The company's productions include animated series Family Guy, American Dad!, the Family Guy spinoff The Cleveland Show, the live-action sitcom The Winner, the science documentary series Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey and the sci-fi comedy drama series The Orville. More recently, it signed a deal with NBCUniversal. The company will move from its longtime home at the 20th Century Studios lot in Century City to NBCUniversal's Universal City Studios in Universal City. Erica Huggins became the president of the company. MacFarlane's two animated series Family Guy broadcast on Fox and American Dad! broadcast on TBS will continue to be produced on the Fox studios lot while his live action series The Orville which is scheduled to air its second extended season on Hulu will continue to be filmed at Universal City Studios and in Westlake, California.
The name of the company comes from the leopard-printed fake fur-covered door to the house MacFarlane lived in when he attended Rhode Island School of Design as an undergraduate in animation. The house itself also went by the nickname the Fuzzy Door during MacFarlane's residence and was the location of many "Fuzzy Door" parties. The company logo was designed by Cory Brookes, a friend and housemate of MacFarlane's at the Fuzzy Door residence. The logo was updated in 2019, featuring a more abstract design of the door and no longer featuring the fur-pattern design, instead colored in a plain white with blue background. In 2020, the new logo was enhanced, featuring the door animating open and the text irising in as it does so, over a background that has a darker shade of blue.
Series
Television series
Web series
Films
Shorts
Discography
No One Ever Tells You (2015) – Seth MacFarlane
In Full Swing (2017) – Seth MacFarlane
Once in a While (2019) – Seth MacFarlane
Great Songs from Stage & Screen (2020) — Seth MacFarlane
Blue Skies (2022) – Seth MacFarlane
References
Adult animation studios
American animation studios
American companies established in 1998
American record labels
Companies based in Los Angeles
Film production companies of the United States
Jazz record labels
Labels distributed by Universal Music Group
Mass media companies established in 1998
Record labels based in California
Television production companies of the United States
1998 establishments in California | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzzy%20Door%20Productions |
Penny Chapman is an Australian television producer. Her work includes the award-winning Brides of Christ, RAN Remote Area Nurse and My Place.
Penny received the Maura Fay Award for Services to the Industry at the 2013 Screen Producers Australia Awards.
Partial filmography (as producer)
Secret Weapon (1990)
Come in Spinner (1990)
Brides of Christ (1991)
Children of the Dragon (1992)
The Leaving of Liverpool (1992)
Seven Deadly Sins (1992)
Joh's Jury (1992)
Blackfellas (1993)
Dallas Doll (1993)
Blue Murder (1995)
Bordertown (1995)
The Track (2000)
The Road from Coorain (2001)
Temptation (2002)
The Cooks (2004)
RAN Remote Area Nurse (2005)
Rampant, How a City Stopped a Plague (2007)
Darwin's Lost Paradise (2009)
The Slap (2011)
Sex, An Unnatural History (2011)
Leaky Boat (2011)
The Straits (2012
References
External links
Australian television producers
Australian women television producers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penny%20Chapman |
Privilege in the canon law of the Roman Catholic Church is the legal concept whereby someone is exempt from the ordinary operation of the law over time for some specific purpose.
Definition
Papal privileges resembled dispensations, since both involved exceptions to the ordinary operations of the law. But whereas "dispensations exempt[ed] some person or group from legal obligations binding on the rest of the population or class to which they belong," "[p]rivileges bestowed a positive favour not generally enjoyed by most people." "Thus licences to teach or to practise law or medicine, for example," were "legal privileges, since they confer[red] upon recipients the right to perform certain functions for pay, which the rest of the population [was] not [permitted to exercise.]" Privileges differed from dispensations in that dispensations were for one time, while a privilege was lasting. Yet, such licenses might also involve what should properly be termed dispensation, if they waived the canon law requirement that an individual hold a particular qualification to practice law or medicine, as, for example, a degree.
The distinction between privilege and dispensation was not always clearly observed, and the term dispensation rather than privilege was used, even when the nature of the act made it clearly a privilege. Indeed, medieval canonists treated privileges and dispensations as distinct, though related, aspects of the law. Privileges and indults were both special favours. Some writers hold that the former are positive favours, while indults are negative. The pope might confer a degree as a positive privilege in his capacity as a temporal sovereign, or he might do so by way of dispensation from the strict requirements of the canon law. In both cases his authority to do so was found in the canon law.
Academic degrees
In some instances, petitioners sought an academic degree because without one they could not hold a particular office. Canons of certain cathedrals and Westminster Abbey were still required to be degree-holders until recent times. The Dean of Westminster Abbey was required to be a doctor or bachelor of divinity as recently as the late twentieth century.
In the event of degree status being conferred, the recipient was not deemed to hold the degree in question but would enjoy any privileges which might be attached to such a degree—including qualification for office. Conferring the degree itself would of course mean that the recipient enjoyed the style and not merely the privileges of a degree. They might also, for example, be thereafter admitted or incorporated to the same degree ad eundum at Oxford or Cambridge—though few seem to have been so distinguished. It was however often difficult to be certain whether the degree itself, or merely its status and privileges, which was being conferred. Given the ostensible purpose of the papal dispensatory jurisdiction, it would perhaps be more logical to view all of these “degrees” as strictly degree-status, and not substantive degrees. But the medieval—if not indeed modern—concept of the degree is of a grade or status. One achieves the status of master or doctor, which is conferred by one's university (or in rare cases, by the pope). It is not an award, but the recognition of a certain degree of learning. It is perhaps significant that in the records of the (post-Reformation) Court of Faculties, the early “Lambeth degrees” are described in terms of dispensation to enjoy the privilege of DCL or whatever the degree might be.
The exercise of the authority to confer such a privilege was often a positive step by the pope to emphasise his spiritual, if not temporal, authority. During the fifteenth century, attempts were made in England to restrict the exercise of papal power in opposition to the Statute of Provisors. To evade the disabilities imposed by that Act on non-graduates, it became usual towards the end of the century for those clerics not educated at English universities to obtain dispensations from Rome, including, in a few cases, degrees.
See also
Priest–penitent privilege
Pauline privilege
Petrine privilege
References
Canon law of the Catholic Church | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privilege%20%28Catholic%20canon%20law%29 |
Pongumoodu (or Pongummoodu) is a small suburb of Trivandrum (Thiruvananthapuram), capital of Kerala, India. Centred on National Highway NH-47, the 'Junction' so commonly called as features Banks, Grocery stores, Pay Phone booths, a grinding mill, a stationery store, bakery, tailoring stores, pharmacies, a Government approved ration shoppe, driving school, computer sale outlet, internet cafe, a technical institute, convent mission supported schools, opticians, household bathroom decors and decent neighbourhoods. Also in proximity to Aakulam's Indian Air Force base.
Residents include natives (both current residents and non-residents), people from sister states and internationals bringing contributions to research and development studies in the area.
Pongumoodu even offers a 350 bedded hospital, the famous Sree Uthram Thirunal Royal Hospital, A multispeciality hospital with excellent facilities. There is also an upcoming Cancer Centre.
Pongumoodu also features auto-rickshaw stands, taxi stands and bus stops supporting transportation. ( If you're hiring an auto or a taxi to go here you might want to say "Ulloor Pongumoodu" instead because of another place of the same name in the State but close to Trivandrum. Ulloor is the nearby town on the way to the city from here. Nearby colonies include Bapuji Nagar, Prasanth Nagar, Priyadarshini, Janasakthi Nagar, Bethany Nagar & Archana Nagar.
In the range of a 5.5-mile (9 km) radius from Technopark KeralaTechnoPark, a Technological venture park for foreign and domestic investors.
Lingo is Malayalam with an accent custom to Trivandrum (or now called Thiruvananthapuram) with many custom slangs and sayings among youth.
Ulloor
Suburbs of Thiruvananthapuram | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pongumoodu |
Non-Format is a contemporary London-based Anglo-Scandinavian graphic design team specialising in design projects for the publishing and music industries. The firm was founded by Kjell Ekhorn and Jon Forss in 2000. They have worked for The Leaf Label and also closely with Lo Recordings, whom they have designed a vast majority of well over 60 releases with. They created artwork for Stateless for both their album and singles. They are also responsible for the recent complete redesign and art direction of the monthly British music magazine The Wire.
References
External links
Non-Format Official Homepage
Graphic design studios
2000 establishments in England | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-Format |
Prestwick International Airport railway station (formerly known as Glasgow Prestwick Airport station) serves Glasgow Prestwick Airport, near the town of Prestwick, South Ayrshire, Scotland. The station is south west of , on the Ayrshire Coast Line.
It opened on 5 September 1994. It is currently the only railway station in Scotland that is directly connected to an airport. It is also the only railway station in Scotland not managed by ScotRail or Network Rail.
Services
December 2019
Monday - Saturday:
There are four trains per hour (two trains per hour in the evening) northbound to Glasgow and southbound to Ayr.
Sunday:
There are two trains per hour (one train per hour in the evening) northbound to Glasgow and southbound to Ayr.
Services between Kilmarnock and Stranraer don't usually call here, but there is one train northbound from Stranraer to Kilmarnock that calls here at 2236(Mon-Sat).
The fastest journey time to Glasgow is around 45 minutes.
References
External links
Railway stations in South Ayrshire
Airport railway stations in the United Kingdom
SPT railway stations
Railway stations served by ScotRail
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1994
Railway stations opened by Railtrack | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prestwick%20International%20Airport%20railway%20station |
Lany may refer to:
Places
Lány (disambiguation), multiple places in the Czech Republic
Łany (disambiguation), multiple places in Poland
People with the surname
Benjamin Lany (1591–1675), English academic and bishop
Dorothy May De Lany (1908–1970), New Zealand hotel worker and trade unionist
Edward Lany (1667–1728), Master of Pembroke College, Cambridge (from 1707)
Other uses
LANY, an American pop rock band
See also
Laney (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lany |
Werkhoven is a town in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is a part of the municipality of Bunnik, and lies about 5 km east of Houten. Castle Beverweerd is located on the other side of the river.
Werkhoven used to be a separate municipality. It merged with Bunnik and Odijk in 1964.
History
It was first mentioned between 918 and 948 as "UUerken due", and means farms near a meandering river. Werkhoven developed as a stretch out esdorp along the Achter Rijn. A church has existed since the mid-9th century. The current church dates from the 13th century and was extensively modified in 1830. In 1840, Werkhoven was home to 811 people.
Castle Beverweerd was built on the other side of the river, and was first noted in 1274 when Gijsbrecht IV of Amstel, the Count of Holland attacked Utrecht, and the Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht had to flee. The castle was extended and modified multiple times during its history. In 1958, the castle was sold to the Quakers to be used as a school. The school was later renamed Beverweert International School and operated until 1997. In 2004, the castle was squatted. Since 2017, it is owned by a real estate company.
The grist mill Rijn en Weert was built in 1882. It was a replacement of the wind mill at the castle where a wind mill had been known to exist since 1395. In 1921, an electro motor was installed and the wind mill was reduced to its base. In 1993, the wind mill was restored and returned to active service in 1994.
Born in Werkhoven
Coby van Baalen (*1957), Dutch equestrian.
Andreas Everardus van Braam Houckgeest (1739–1801), Dutch merchant and diplomat.
John Oostrom, (born September 2, 1930), a former business executive and Canadian parliamentarian. He was the first Dutch-born Canadian elected to the Canadian House of Commons
Pictures
References
External links
Populated places in Utrecht (province)
Former municipalities of Utrecht (province)
Bunnik | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werkhoven |
Albert Einstein High School, named after the German-born physicist, is a four-year high school in Kensington, Maryland, that opened on September 7, 1962. It is part of the Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS) system.
Academic programs
As a part of the Downcounty Consortium, Einstein offers five "academies", which are academic programs that concentrate in specific fields. These include the Academy of Finance, Business, and Marketing; the International Baccalaureate Program; the Visual and Performing Arts Academy; the Renaissance Academy; and recently the Teacher's Academy. It is also home to Montgomery County's Visual Art Center.
Einstein is home to an International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma Program, which approaches education from a global perspective and allows students to take high-level classes in pursuit of a specialized diploma.
Notable alumni
Phil Andrews, politician
Marc Elrich, politician
David Fraser-Hidalgo, politician
Rebecca Sugar, animator, director, screenwriter, producer, and songwriter
Arnold Ebikiete, defensive end for the Penn State Nittany Lions and the Atlanta Falcons
Jim Spellman, journalist and musician
Roscoe Born, actor
References
External links
Albert Einstein High School
Kensington, Maryland
Public high schools in Montgomery County, Maryland
International Baccalaureate schools in Maryland
Educational institutions established in 1962
1962 establishments in Maryland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert%20Einstein%20High%20School |
The giant sable antelope or royal sable antelope (Hippotragus niger variani), also known in Portuguese as the palanca-negra-gigante, is a large, rare subspecies of the sable antelope native and endemic to the region between the Cuango and Luando Rivers in Angola.
There was a great degree of uncertainty regarding the number of animals that survived during the Angolan Civil War. In January 2004, a group from the Centro de Estudos e Investigação Científica of the Catholic University of Angola, led by Dr. Pedro Vaz Pinto, was able to obtain photographic evidence of one of the remaining herds from a series of trap cameras installed in the Cangandala National Park, south of Malanje.
The giant sable antelope is the national symbol of Angola, and is held in a great regard by its people. This was perhaps one of the reasons the animals survived the long civil war. In African mythology, just like other antelopes, they symbolize vivacity, velocity, beauty and visual sharpness.
The giant sable antelope is evaluated as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. As of 2021 they reportedly only have a population of 300, 100 of which are living in Cangandala National Park.
Description
Both sexes have horns, which can reach 1.5 meters in length. Males and females are very similar in appearance until they reach three years of age, when the males become darker and develop majestic horns. The males weigh an average of with a height of . Females weigh 220 kg and are slightly shorter than males. The horns are massive and more curved in males, reaching lengths of , while females' horns are only in length. Coloration in bulls is black, while cows and calves are chestnut, except in southern populations where females turn brownish-black. Most sable antelopes have white "eyebrows", their rostra are sectioned into cheek stripes, and their bellies and rump patches are white. Young under two months old typically are light brown and have slight markings.
The largest giant sable antelope horns recorded to date measured 65 inches long. The animal was shot by the Count of Yebes in Angola in 1949 and became the world record.
Ecology and behavior
Like all antelopes, giant sables are shy by nature, but they can also be very aggressive. The males can be especially dangerous when hurt, attacked, or approached. In fights, males avoid some serious injuries by kneeling down on their front legs, and engage in horn-wrestling fights. Fatalities from these fights are rare.
Juveniles are hunted by leopards and hyenas, while adults are only threatened by lions and crocodiles. When startled, the antelope normally runs for only a short distance before slowing and looking back; however, when they are pursued, they can run at speeds up to 35 mph for a considerable distance.
Evolution
Mitochondrial DNA evidence from a specimen preserved in the Museu da Ciência da Universidade de Coimbra before the Angolan Civil War suggest that the giant sable is monophyletic within the sable antelope group, and that it split from the other three sable antelope subspecies around 170,000 years ago.
Habitat
The giant sable antelope lives in forests near water, where leaves and tree sprouts are always juicy and abundant. It is a critically endangered subspecies; it is protected in natural parks and hunting it is forbidden. Typically, giant sable antelopes are specialized browsers feeding on foliage and herbs, especially those growing on termite mounds. One of the reasons for the decline in giant sable antelope numbers could be the animals' very specific feeding patterns. Typically, they will feed on tree leaves, which make up to 90% of their diets, at heights of from the ground, taking only the leaves.
Relationship with humans
The giant sable antelope is a national symbol of Angola and is portrayed on numerous stamps, banknotes, and even passports of the nation. The Angola national football team is fondly known as the Palancas Negras in honor of this antelope.
References
Walker, John Frederick. A Certain Curve of Horn: The Hundred-Year Quest for the Giant Sable Antelope of Angola. Atlantic Monthly Press. 2002.
Cabral, C. & Verissimo, L. (2005) - The Ungulate Fauna of Angola: Systematic List, Distribution Maps, Database Report. Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, Estudos Ensaios e Documentos, 163, Lisboa
Mellon, James African Hunter Safari Bress (185)
Bibliography
External links
ANGOLA: Rare sable antelope survives the war
Kissama National Park: The Giant Sable of Angola
BBC News: Search on for Giant Antelope
Angola Press: Government Partners Sign Memorandum on Sable Antelope Protection
Dr. Pedro Vaz Pinto's blog on attempts to revive the giant sable herd in Angola's Cangandala National Park
sable antelope, giant
Mammals of Angola
Endemic fauna of Angola
giant sable antelope
giant sable antelope | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant%20sable%20antelope |
Çayeli (, ) is a town in Rize Province on the Black Sea coast of eastern Turkey, 18 km east of the city of Rize. It is the seat of Çayeli District. Its population is 24,583 (2021).
Çay means tea in Turkish and a large percentage of Turkey's tea is indeed grown in this lush green district. The town consists of 18 quarters, including Limanköy.
History
Mapavri was long occupied by the Laz community, and was part of the Roman Empire and then the Empire of Trebizond until was brought within the Ottoman Empire by Mehmet II in 1461, although this coast has always been vulnerable to invaders from across the nearby Caucasus.
In the recent past Çayeli was an impoverished remote region that saw successive generations migrate away to jobs in Turkey's larger cities or abroad. This emigration slowed when tea was planted here in the 1940s.
Geography
Çayeli consists of a narrow coastal strip and a large section of the Black Sea Mountain range which rises steeply and runs parallel to the coast. The Rize mountain section of these mountains reach up to 2,000 m in the district.
The local economy is mainly dependent on tea-growing, along with some sweetcorn, which before tea was planted in the 1940s was the major crop here. The town and the cultivated area are all on the coastal strip, while the mountain hinterland is sparsely populated. Indeed, the steepness of these hills is legendary, and celebrated in song; the late Barış Manço used to sing a version of the local ballad Çayelunden Öteye Ciderum Yali Yali, which tells of a man so much in love that he was even prepared to haul his household over the mountains of Çayeli.
However, for anyone who does venture up here the countryside is unspoilt forest and the views from these steep mountainsides are incredible; therefore Çayeli is now attracting visitors on trekking holidays.
The local cuisine includes a dish of large, light-coloured baked beans known as Çayeli fasulyesi.
The majority of people are nationalist and conservative, and the municipality is controlled by the Turkish nationalism-leaning Nationalist Movement Party.
Climate
Çayeli has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cfa).
References
External links
the municipality
Populated places in Çayeli District
Black Sea port cities and towns in Turkey
Fishing communities in Turkey
Populated coastal places in Turkey
District municipalities in Turkey | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87ayeli |
Täby Racecourse, (), was a Thoroughbred horse racing venue located in Täby, approximately 15 kilometers north of Stockholm. Täby Racecourse was before its closure in 2016, the premier track in Scandinavia.
History
The venue opened August 28, 1960, and the Swedish King Gustaf VI Adolf was present, as well as an audience of 11,000 people. It was based on the major racecourses in the United States and its facilities was constantly up-graded and were as good as most courses in Europe and were unrivalled in Scandinavia.
The racetrack
Racing took place throughout the year, the variety available varying from dirt racing under lights during the winter and spring to the top flat and jump races in Scandinavia run during the summer and fall.
The course usually staged about 50 days racing a year with the dirt track being used exclusively until May. Racing under floodlights was first staged in 1965 and the formula is now working with considerable success in England at Wolverhampton Racecourse and other courses in Europe.
The left-handed track was also designed on a similar basis as courses in North America with a dirt track which was about in length on the outside of the turf course. There was also the added attraction of a figure-eight hurdle and steeplechase track on the inside plus stabling nearby.
Developments during the years
During the years Täby Galopp made a significant impression on the international scene, being the first course outside the five main European countries to stage a Pattern race following the granting of Group 3 status to the Stockholm Cup International in 1994.
In recognition of the quality of racing at the track, a second race, the Täby Open Sprint Championship, was awarded Group 3 status in 1998.
The 12 furlong race regularly attracted good quality horses from the rest of Europe keen to take on the best Scandinavian middle-distance horses. In 1997 Harbour Dues took the prize for Lady Herries before heading down to Australia to run a gallant fourth in the Melbourne Cup. In 2003 Labirinto won the race for France. In 2004, Collier Hill took the prize back to England and came back again to win it in 2006.
Closure and move to Upplands-Bro
In 2011, an agreement was signed to sell the land to JM Bygg and Skanska, that intends to build 4,000 apartments on the land. The gallop was in 2016 moved to a new facility in Upplands-Bro Municipality, approximately 40 kilometres northeast of Stockholm City. The new racing venue goes under the name Bro Park. May 18th, 2016, was the very last day of competition at the Täby Racecourse, and it was called the Tribute Day.
References
External links
Täby Galopp official website
Thoroughbred racing venues in Sweden
Defunct horse racing venues
Defunct sports venues in Sweden | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A4by%20Racecourse |
The Caribbean Legion () was a group of progressive Latin American leaders, exiles, and revolutionaries in the 1940s, with the aim of overthrowing dictatorships across Central America and replacing them with democratic governments.
The members of the Legion came from most of the countries in Latin America, although the largest number were from the Dominican Republic. The stated targets of the Legion were the dictatorships of Rafael Trujillo in the Dominican Republic and Teodoro Picado in Costa Rica.
The Legion was responsible for two failed invasions of the Dominican Republic, in 1947 and 1949, as well as successfully toppling the Costa Rican government in the Costa Rican Civil War in 1948.
History
The activities of the loosely knit group that would later be called the Caribbean Legion began in 1946 after the end of World War II. The emergence of democracy in Cuba, Venezuela and Guatemala during the previous few years resulted in pro-democracy activists in other countries becoming more ambitious. The dictatorships of Rafael Trujillo in the Dominican Republic and Anastasio Somoza García in Nicaragua were seen as particularly tyrannical, and so became targets of the legion. In November 1945 Eduardo Rodríguez Larreta, the foreign minister of Uruguay, proposed a resolution advocating "multilateral collective action" in support of democracy and human rights. The resolution was not supported by most American states, which emboldened the political rebels.
Cayo Confites affair
In the summer of 1947, a group of approximately 1200 armed men was assembled in Cuba with the covert assistance of Cuban President Ramón Grau San Martin. The military leaders of the group (Rolando Masferrer and Eufemio Fernández) believed that with their own strength and the assistance of the Dominican underground, they would be able to overthrow the US backed dictator Rafael Trujillo. The preparations of the force were not kept very secret, and its intent was very public. In September 1947, the United States government pressured Ramón Grau into arresting the entire force, and the invasion never took place. The weapons of the forces were also confiscated. The exiles were set free within a few days. The incident was given the name "Cayo Confites affair," after the area in Cuba from where the invasion was supposed to be launched.
Pacto del Caribe
After the collapse of the Dominican invasion attempt, the Guatemalan government of Juan José Arévalo became the legion's biggest supporter. Arévalo had previously procured weapons for the exiles by claiming that his purchases were for the Guatemalan military. He convinced Ramón Grau to release the exiles weapons to the Guatemalan government. The exiles began to congregate in Guatemala. In December 1947 Arévalo convinced them to sign the Pacto del Caribe (Caribbean Pact), a document which laid out a unified agenda for the exiles. The document explicitly called for the overthrow of the governments of Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and the Dominican Republic. In addition, it stated that
The ultimate aim of the group was described as follows:
From 1948 to 1949 the United States repeatedly asked Arévalo to withdraw his support to the Caribbean Legion, fearing that the Legion was supporting communist interests. However, although the Legion was stridently anti-dictatorial, and was opposed to anti-communist regimes, it was also opposed to communism. Historian Piero Gleijeses writes that the Legion would likely have supported the United States against the Soviet Union, and the Pacto del Caribe explicitly stated that the legion would ally itself with the United States "for the common defense."
Costa Rican revolution
José Figueres Ferrer, a Costa Rican businessman, had been exiled from Costa Rica in 1942 due to his strident criticism of the government. He came into contact with the Caribbean Legion in 1947 following the Cayo Confites affair. Figueres offered Costa Rica as a base to the Legion against the government of Somoza if the Legion would help him overthrow Teodoro Picado. Although the government of Picado was engaged in limited social reform within the country, it did not wish to engage with anti-dictatorial efforts in Central America, and so many of the exiles were opposed to it. Costa Rica was also attractive as a base because it bordered Nicaragua, whereas Guatemala did not.
Arévalo agreed to Figueres' offer, and provided the exiles with the confiscated weapons he had received from Cuba. On 1 January 1948 the Costa Rican government annulled a presidential election that had been won by the opposition candidate. This provided the Legion with a pretext for an invasion, and the 300-strong Costa Rican army was quickly defeated by the invasion force composed mostly of Nicaraguan exiles, and Figueres was made President.
Luperón invasion
In 1949, Arévalo supported another invasion of the Dominican Republic, this time by air. 60 Dominican exiles were to take part. The invasion force was trained at Guatemalan military facilities, and Arévalo persuaded the Mexican government to allow the invasion planes to refuel there. However, due to poor coordination and poor weather, only 15 men of the invasion force landed in the Dominican Republic at the town of Luperón, where they were quickly captured or killed. The trial of those who were captured was used by the Trujillo government to express its support for non-interventionism and to condemn the Guatemalan government as a puppet of the Soviet Union. The United States also strongly criticised the Legion following the capture of the fighters. The failure of the invasion led to the collapse of the Legion, and it never fought another battle.
Membership and organization
The Caribbean Legion never had a formal structure. The name was coined by journalists in the United States in 1947. Although it had members from every country in Hispanic Latin America, the greatest number came from the Dominican Republic. Many of the exiles were war veterans; many of the Cubans and Dominicans had volunteered in the United States army during World War II, while others had fought in the Spanish Republican Army. There were also some pilots who had been members of the U.S. Air Force.
The funding and weapons of the Caribbean Legion came from many different sources. A number of weapons dealers had stock left over from World War II that they were willing to sell to the Legion. The Legion also received support at various times from the governments of Cuba and Guatemala, as well as from the Costa Rican government of José Figueres Ferrer after it came to power in 1948. The biggest source of funding for the legion was Juan Rodriguez Garcia, a wealthy Dominican rancher who fled the Dominican Republic in January 1946.
A secondary member of the Caribbean Legion was Fidel Castro, who participated in the Cayo Confites affair as a 21-year-old. He was captured with the rest of the invasion force, but escaped by jumping off the Cuban Navy vessel he was held on and swimming to shore (disputed).
References
Citations
Sources
History of Central America
History of the Caribbean
Politics of Central America
Politics of the Caribbean | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean%20Legion |
Slauson Avenue is a major east–west thoroughfare traversing the central part of Los Angeles County, California. It was named for the land developer and Los Angeles Board of Education member J. S. Slauson. It passes through Culver City, Ladera Heights, View Park-Windsor Hills, South Los Angeles, Huntington Park, Maywood, Commerce, Montebello, Pico Rivera, Whittier, and Santa Fe Springs. The street runs from McDonald Street in Culver City and to Santa Fe Springs Road, where it becomes Mulberry Drive in Whittier. Mulberry Drive ends at Scott Avenue in South Whittier.
Transit
Metro Rail
There are three major transit stations (two light rail) on Slauson Avenue. They include the Slauson Station of the Metro A Line and the Hyde Park Station on the Metro K Line.
Metro Bus and Freeways
Slauson/I-110 Station of the Metro J Line is elevated in the median of Interstate 110 freeway.
Metro Local line 108 operates on Slauson Avenue.
The eastern terminus of the State Route 90, the Marina Freeway, is at Slauson Avenue.
In Los Angeles, the street is south of Washington Boulevard and Vernon Avenue, but north of Gage Avenue and Florence Avenue.
Landmarks
Slauson Avenue was noted for a former Bethlehem Steel mill on the 3300 block. At one time Slauson Avenue was a center for urban heavy industry in Los Angeles; the ATSF Harbor Subdivision once ran along Slauson Avenue. It is also known for the Simply Wholesome Vegetarian restaurant and Health food store, as well as the historic Jet Inn motor hotel.
Revitalization Project
Portions of Slauson Avenue have been revitalized with a new tree-lined barrier, new LED street and traffic lights and metro local bus benches. The project was officially completed in May 2017.
In popular culture
Nipsey Hussle
Rapper Ermias Asghedom (1985–2019), professionally known as Nipsey Hussle, was from Los Angeles. He frequently referred to Crenshaw and Slauson Avenue in his music, and was nicknamed Neighborhood Nip for that reason. He owned the Marathon Clothing Store on the intersection. The intersection was named Ermias “Nipsey Hussle” Asghedom Square in April 2019 to honor him.
Dr. Dre
The music video for Dr. Dre's 1993 song "Let Me Ride" was shot on location on Slauson Avenue. One of Dr. Dre's lyrics in the song also references the avenue: "The sun went down when I hit Slauson, On my way to the strip, now I'm just flossin".
The Tonight Show
The avenue became well known to non-Angelenos around the U.S. because of Johnny Carson's running joke about the "Slauson Cutoff'''" during his "Tea-Time Movie" sketches on The Tonight Show.''
See also
Baldwin Hills Mountains
Lester R. Rice-Wray—Los Angeles City Council member recalled from office because of his stand on a mid-20th century Slauson storm-drain proposal
References
Baldwin Hills (mountain range)
Culver City, California
Huntington Park, California
Inglewood, California
Maywood, California
Montebello, California
Pico Rivera, California
Whittier, California
Streets in Los Angeles County, California
South Los Angeles | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slauson%20Avenue |
The Jamestown Foundation is a Washington, D.C.-based conservative defense policy think tank. Founded in 1984 as a platform to support Soviet defectors, its stated mission today is to inform and educate policy makers about events and trends, which it regards as being of current strategic importance to the United States. Jamestown publications focus on China, Russia, Eurasia, and global terrorism.
Founding and mission
The Jamestown Foundation was founded in 1984 after Arkady Shevchenko, the highest-ranking Soviet official ever to defect when he left his position as Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations, defected in 1978. William Geimer, an American lawyer, had been working closely with Shevchenko, and established the foundation as a vehicle to promote the writings of the former Soviet diplomat and those of Ion Pacepa, a former top Romanian intelligence officer; with the help of the foundation, both defectors published bestselling books. Central Intelligence Agency Director William J. Casey helped back the formation of the Jamestown Foundation, agreeing with its complaints that the U.S. intelligence community did not provide sufficient funding for Soviet bloc defectors. The foundation, initially also dedicated to supporting Soviet dissidents, also aided defecting intellectuals from the Eastern Bloc in disseminating their ideas in the west.
Leadership
Board of directors
In the past, Jamestown's board of directors has included Zbigniew Brzezinski, former National Security Advisor to U.S. President Jimmy Carter. Jamestown's current board includes Michael Carpenter, the managing director of the Penn Biden Center for Diplomacy and Global Engagement. Carpenter previously served in the Pentagon as Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense and in the White House as a foreign policy advisor to current President Joe Biden (when Biden was vice president under Barack Obama) as well as on the National Security Council as Director for Russia. Jamestown's board also includes Michael G. Vickers, who previously served as the Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and whose role at the Central Intelligence Agency during the Soviet–Afghan War was famously featured in George Crile's 2003 book Charlie Wilson's War.
As of 2021, the foundation's current board includes General Michael V. Hayden; Bruce Hoffman; Matthew Bryza; Robert Spalding, who acted as an architect of US-China strategy while serving on the National Security Council in the Donald Trump administration; Michelle Van Cleave; Arthur Waldron; and Timothy J. Keating, while Jamestown's fellows included Vladimir Socor; Janusz Bugajski; Paul Goble; Michael Scheuer (who claims to have been fired for criticizing the United States' relationship with Israel), Thomas Kent, the former president of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty; Willy Wo-Lap Lam, a Hong Kong-based China specialist; Jacob Zenn, a leading expert on Boko Haram; and Stephen Ulph, a leading expert on Jihadist ideology.
Staff
In September 2023, Peter Mattis was named Jamestown president, succeeding Glen E. Howard, who served at the position for 20 years.
Activities
Its primary focus is on China, Eurasia, Russia, and global terrorism. As of 2023, its main publications are China Brief, Eurasia Daily Monitor, Terrorism Monitor, and Militant Leadership Monitor. Previous publications included Eurasia Security Trends, Fortnight in Review, North Korea Review, Russia and Eurasia Review, Russia's Week, Spotlight on Terror, North Caucasus Weekly, (formerly Chechnya Weekly) and Recent From Turkey and Terrorism Focus. Along with these publications, Jamestown produces occasional reports and books.
Nikolai Getman collection
The foundation hosted Russian artist Nikolai Getman's paintings of Gulag camps. Getman was imprisoned for eight years by the Soviet regime for participating in anti-Soviet propaganda as a result of a caricature of Joseph Stalin that one of his friends had drawn on a cigarette box. He survived, and for four decades he secretly labored at creating a visual record of the Gulag system. In September 2009, the Jamestown Foundation transferred the Getman collection to The Heritage Foundation.
Reception
In 2007, the Russian government said the think tank was spreading anti-Russian propaganda by hosting a debate on violence in the Russian republic of Ingushetia. According to a statement by the Foreign Ministry of Russia: "Organisers again and again resorted to deliberately spreading slander about the situation in Chechnya and other republics of the Russian North Caucasus using the services of supporters of terrorists and pseudo-experts. Speakers were given carte blanche to spread extremist propaganda, incite ethnic and inter-religious discord." In response, Jamestown Foundation president Glen Howard said that Russia was "intimidated by the power of the free word and this goes against the state manipulation of the media in Russia."
On 8 December 2011, Ambassador Daniel Benjamin, State Department Counterterrorism Coordinator for the Obama administration, gave the keynote address at Jamestown's Fifth Annual Terrorism Conference where he praised Jamestown for its research and analysis of terrorism issues.
The Jamestown Foundation was criticized by the Right Web project (now the "Militarist Monitor" project) based at the Institute for Policy Studies for alleged links to the CIA and for advancing a right-wing, neoconservative agenda.
In 2020, the office of the Prosecutor-General of Russia said that Jamestown Foundation's publications sought to fan separatism in some Russian regions and posed a security threat. It described the Foundation as an "undesirable organisation", which could result in the organization being banned in Russia under the Russian foreign agent law.
References
External links
Foreign policy and strategy think tanks in the United States
Think tanks established in 1984
Charities based in Washington, D.C. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamestown%20Foundation |
Roderick Gradidge AA Dipl. ARIBA (3 January 1929 – 20 December 2000) was a British architect and writer on architecture, former Master of the Art Workers Guild and campaigner for a traditional architecture.
Career
Gradidge was an evangelist for the Arts & Crafts, the Victorian and a Vernacular architecture which had become unfashionable by the beginning of his career. He became an expert on the architecture of this period and in particular in the County of Surrey (near his home at Chiswick).
Country house commissions
Gradidge had the opportunity to work on a number of buildings in Surrey by prominent architects, such as Sir Edwin Lutyens, Harold Falkner, Hugh Thackeray Turner, Detmar Blow and Charles Voysey. He completed a number of projects elsewhere, particularly with fine interiors and country houses. One of his finest country house commissions was for a large extension at Fulbrook House, one of Lutyens's finest and earliest country house commissions outside Farnham, Surrey and which he published in his book, The Surrey Style. He designed a library with David Hicks at Nicholas Hawksmoor's Easton Neston in the style of the English Baroque for Lord Hesketh, a Gothick conservatory at Cholmondeley Castle and altered Mount Stuart for Lord Bute.
Much of Gradidge's work on Surrey country houses was with the Surrey-based architect Michael Blower. Their first projects were on Voysey's New House in Haslemere and on Detmar Blow's Charles Hill Court for an Austrian industrialist. From there, they went onto Harold Falkner's Tancreds Ford, which they designed and built for the writer Ken Follett and his first wife, and which was published in two articles in Country Life. Next came Kingswood Hanger (The New House), reputedly designed by Hugh Thackeray Turner and for which they jointly won a RIBA Award, which was also published in Country Life. Just prior to Gradidge's death, he and Blower were working on a project at Combe Court, which was completed by Michael Blower and his sons through their architectural practice, Stedman Blower.
Other work
Gradidge worked on a number of pub interiors for Ind Coope, such as the Markham Arms (now altered) on the Kings Road, Chelsea and the Three Greyhounds in Soho, London. He restored the Gothic interior of E. W. Godwin's Northampton Guildhall, and the interior of Bodelwyddan Castle for the National Portrait Gallery, which won the Museum of the Year Award in 1989.
At St Marys, Bourne Street, South Kensington and the National Portrait Gallery in London, Gradidge carried out interior modifications, although they have since been altered. Further projects included additions to St Edmund's College, Cambridge (1990–3), Pugin's St Chads, Birmingham and St Augustine, Ramsgate.
Society activity
He was active in the Art Workers Guild being elected in 1969, served as the Guild's Secretary from 1977 to 1984 and was elected Master in 1987. He was a founding member of the Thirties Society (later to become the 20th Century Society), of which he was a Trustee for many years. He was also prominent in the Victorian Society.
Personal life
Gradidge was born on 3 January 1929 in Old Hunstanton, Norfolk, and died 20 December 2000 in London, aged 71. He spent his childhood in India, where his father was a Brigadier. He then attended Stowe School.
After 2 years of National Service in Palestine, he moved to London and the Architectural Association, where he completed his training as an architect and was elected an Associate of the Royal Institute of British Architects (ARIBA). He remained in London practicing as an architect and writer for most of his life, where he was a prominent figure in social and architectural circles in the last half of the 20th century.
Gradidge was an advocate of rational dress, a movement more usually associated with modernists, and had suits tailored in fine cloths that featured jackets and kilts. For much of his life he wore his hair uncut and tied as a plait; he felt cutting it was unnecessary and wasteful of time. He was a long-time member of the congregation of the Anglo-Catholic St Mary's, Bourne Street, Belgravia, where his requiem mass was celebrated. He did not marry and had no children.
Legacy
The Telegraph obituary described Gradidge as one of the most colourful and underrated English architects of recent years. Obituaries also appeared in The Times, The Guardian and The Independent.
Towards the end of his career, he was awarded a RIBA Award, (the gold-standard of architectural awards in the UK) for the design of a house in the Surrey Hills, completed with Michael Blower.
His legacy is limited in that he never completed a whole building from scratch and in so far as what remains of his work as an architect are wholly interiors, extensions, alterations and extensions to pre-existing buildings.
Notes
Bibliography
Dream Houses: The Edwardian Ideal, by Roderick Gradidge. Constable, 1980 (hardback, ).
Edwin Lutyens: Architect Laureate, by Roderick Gradidge. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd, 1981 (hardback, ).
The Surrey Style, by Roderick Gradidge. Kingston: Surrey Historic Buildings Trust, 1991 (paperback, ).
External links
The Blower Foundation (for cultural connection) is a registered UK Charity devoted to cultural heritage and expression and hold an archive of drawings by Michael Blower and Roderick Gradidge and have an online gallery of buildings by both architects.
Stedman Blower Architects hold additional correspondence and detailed information on the projects by Michael Blower and Roderick Gradidge.
Arts and Crafts architects
Architects from London
1929 births
Associates of the Royal Institute of British Architects
2000 deaths
20th-century English architects
Masters of the Art Worker's Guild
People educated at Stowe School | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roderick%20Gradidge |
Just Folks...A Firesign Chat is a 1977 comedy album by the Firesign Theatre. The material is based on previously unreleased material from their 1970–1972 radio shows Dear Friends and Let's Eat!. It was the only record the group made under a new contract with Butterfly Records, after the cancellation of their ten-year Columbia Records contract.
Background
The Firesign Theatre (Peter Bergman, Philip Proctor, Phil Austin, and David Ossman) lost their prestigious recording contract with Columbia Records, under which they had produced fourteen albums (including one on the subsidiary Epic Records label), after their thirteenth album In the Next World, You're on Your Own sold poorly in 1975. As Bergman describes it, "We didn't fight. The group had really split apart; we had just burned out. I mean it was five years non-stop work. We would stop one album and start writing the next. Frankly, we didn't have five more albums in us at that point." Their last Columbia record was the 1976 "greatest hits" compilation Forward Into the Past, consisting of selections from their previous records.
For their next album, they decided to take material from their 1970 Dear Friends and 1971–72 Let's Eat radio shows which aired on station KPFK FM in Los Angeles, and work it into some newly recorded material, overdubbing some of the existing material for continuity. The radio material had never been officially released on record as of 1976. The sketches are placed within the context of a TV news program airing in the fictional town of "Ducktown." There is an ad included for "Confidence in the System" and also a trip to "Jimmy Carterland".
The Firesigns contracted with A.J. Cervantes to produce this album on the newly formed disco label, Butterfly Records.
Packaging
The album cover is a parody of René Magritte's surrealist painting The Mysteries of the Horizon (Le Chef D’Oeuvre). The original painting shows three images of what seems to be the same man in a black suit and bowler hat, each facing in a different direction, but each with the waxing crescent Moon directly above his head. The parody depicts the four members of the Firesign Theatre similarly dressed in suits and hats like the original, but each wears a different tie. Phil Austin's hat is on fire; Philip Proctor is the only one with the crescent Moon above his head, and he is smoking a pipe. David Ossman's hat appears to be floating above his head. Peter Bergman smiles at the viewer; there is nothing unusual about his hat.
The inner sleeve of the original vinyl LP contained an ad for an official Firesign Theatre belt buckle and T-shirt, reading "Yes, dear bozos, you two can have a remarkable T-shirt and/or cast iron belt buckle for a mere pittance".
Track listing
Side one
"Hello, What's Happening? I Die Every Night..." (7:22)
A Stiff Idiot Is The Worst Kind! (5:19)
The Truck Stops Here (3:56)
Ben Bland's All-Day Matinee, Part One (3:55)
Side two
Ben Bland's All-Night Matinee, Part Two (Tudor Nightmare Village and Confidence in the System) (6:20)
Any More Rocket Fuel For You Hardhats? (7:39)
Pass the Indian, Please (5:08)
Description of the album
The "Ben Bland" segments are among the few items of new material written for the album. These segments parody the old hosted afternoon ("Dialing for Dollars") movies. Host "Blend---Ben Bland" comes off as utterly high, stoned, or perhaps senile, desperately trying to act straight, and unable to resist free association. He earnestly corrects errors in his public service announcements with even more errors: "Just send ... to ... Barn C, Crabapple, Maryland; that's Born Free ... Marineland ..." And in an eerily prescient ad, Ben Bland informs aliens that "marrying an animal can mean citizenship for you; just listen to these success stories from your U.S. Animal Husbandry Service." In David Ossman's memoir Fighting Clowns of Hollywood, he writes the following concerning the Ben Bland segments:
The album ends with the track "Pass the Indian, Please," a skit from several years earlier. Like the track "Temporarily Humbolt County" (sic) from Waiting for the Electrician or Someone Like Him, it is concerned with the European expansion into North America and the displacement of the Native Americans. In 2002 The Firesign Theatre re-recorded the final track on this album, "Pass the Indian, Please," for NPR's news program, All Things Considered. The NPR re-recording is included, with a few revisions, on their 2003 album All Things Firesign.
Release history
LP Butterfly Records FLY001 1977
CD Firesign Theatre Records / Lodestone Catalog MSUG120 2005
The original broadcasts were released in 2010 on the group's Duke of Madness Motors DVD compilation. Another album distilled from the Duke of Madness Motors set, Dope Humor of the Seventies, which also collected material from the Just Friends and Let's Eat! radio shows, was released in 2020.
External links
Firesign Theatre. Just Folks . . . A Firesign Chat. Butterfly Records, 1977.
Firesign Theatre. Firesign Theatre. 09 Feb 2006 <http://www.firesigntheatre.com/>.
"FIREZINE: Linques!." Firesign Theatre FAQ. 10 February 2006 <http://firezine.net/faq/>.
Marsh, Dave, and Greil Marcus. "The Firesign Theatre." The New Rolling Stone Record Guide. Ed. Dave Marsh and John Swenson. New York: Random House, 1983. 175-176.
Smith, Ronald L. The Goldmine Comedy Record Price Guide. Iola: Krause, 1996. 124-127.
Footnotes
Citations
Marsh, Dave, and Greil Marcus. "The Firesign Theatre." The New Rolling Stone Record Guide. Ed. Dave Marsh and John Swenson. New York: Random House, 1983. 175-176.
Smith, Ronald L. The Goldmine Comedy Record Price Guide. Iola: Krause, 1996. 124-127.
Firesign Theatre. Just Folks . . . A Firesign Chat. Butterfly Records, 1977.
Lopez , Bernard F. "A. J. Cervantes of Butterfly Records (Interview)." Discomusic.com. 15 May 2003. Discomusic.com. 16 February 2006 <https://web.archive.org/web/20061027221159/http://www.discomusic.com/people-more/56_0_11_0_C/>.
Ossman, David. ''Fighting Clowns of Hollywood: With Laffs by the Firesign Theater". BearManor Media, 2018. Chapter 3.
1977 albums
The Firesign Theatre albums
1970s comedy albums | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just%20Folks...%20A%20Firesign%20Chat |
Lány is a municipality and village in Chrudim District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.
Administrative parts
The village of Kozojedy is an administrative part of Lány.
References
External links
Villages in Chrudim District | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A1ny%20%28Chrudim%20District%29 |
Ligation may refer to:
Ligation (molecular biology), the covalent linking of two ends of DNA or RNA molecules
Chemical ligation, the chemoselective condensation of unprotected peptides
In medicine, the making of a ligature (tie)
Tubal ligation, a method of female sterilization
Rubber band ligation, a treatment for hemorrhoids
In coordination chemistry, making a bond between a ligand and a Lewis acid
In orthodontics, a method of attaching the archwires to the brackets
KAHA Ligation
Ligation-independent cloning
Typographic ligature forming
pl:Ligacja | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligation |
Gilbert Talbot, 7th Earl of Shrewsbury, 7th Earl of Waterford, 13th Baron Talbot, KG (20 November 1552 – 8 May 1616), styled Lord Talbot from 1582 to 1590, was a peer in the peerage of England. He also held the subsidiary titles of 16th Baron Strange of Blackmere and 12th Baron Furnivall.
Life
He was the eldest surviving son of George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury, by the latter's first marriage to Gertrude Manners, daughter of the first Earl of Rutland. He was born on 20th November 1553.
On February 6, 1568, Gilbert was married to Mary Cavendish, daughter of his new stepmother, Bess of Hardwick; Mary had inherited much of her formidable mother's strength of character. When Bess and her husband fell out, Gilbert took the side of his wife and his mother-in-law against his own father. However, when the old earl died in 1590, Gilbert refused Bess the widow's portion that was her due, and consequently, they fell out. He appears to have been a highly quarrelsome individual, feuding with not only his stepmother but his brother and other family members, his tenants, and even Elizabeth I herself. He was overshadowed by his formidable wife: Francis Bacon remarked that she was undoubtedly "greater than he".
The children from his marriage to Mary Cavendish were:
Lady Mary Talbot (1580–1649), who married William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke
Lady Elizabeth Talbot (1582–1651), who married Henry Grey, 8th Earl of Kent
Lady Alethea Talbot (1585–1654), who married Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel
Two sons, George and John, died in infancy.
He was elected knight of the shire (MP) for Derbyshire in 1572. In 1576 Talbot and his wife stayed at Goodrich Castle in Herefordshire and sent his father a gift of local produce, a Monmouth cap, Ross boots, and perry. On 1 May 1578 Talbot was walking in the tiltyard, the tournament ground, at Greenwich Palace, and by chance saw Queen Elizabeth at the window of the gallery overlooking the yard, in her nightgown. Later she slapped him on the forehead and told the Lord Chamberlain, Earl of Sussex about the morning's incident. Talbot saw this as a mark of favour and wrote to his father about it.
In January 1589 he wrote to William Cecil from Handsworth Manor commiserating with him over the winter weather, and sent him a blanket and some Hallamshire foodstuffs. He was summoned to the House of Lords as Baron Talbot in 1589 and became 7th Earl of Shrewsbury on his father's death in 1590.
In 1592, he was created a Knight of the Garter, but feuded with his former friend John Stanhope when John's brother got the post of Earl Marshal of England, which Gilbert had assumed would be his. Gilbert's stepbrother Charles Cavendish challenged Stanhope to a duel for his sake, which was not fought. (Stanhope was discovered to be wearing a sword-proof doublet). Elizabeth I was displeased and took Stanhope's side. After this Gilbert challenged his own brother Edward to a duel over a lease, but Edward refused to fight him. Gilbert accused his brother of planning to poison him, but lost his case against him.
Shrewsbury employed a clockmaker, Michael Neuwers to make striking clocks in 1599. He hosted a magnificent dinner in London for a French ambassador Aymar Chaste in May 1600 and afterwards a large crowd was entertained by a French acrobat performing on a rope.
He became a patron of the arts, as was his daughter Alethea, who became Countess of Arundel by her marriage to Thomas Howard in 1606. Shrewsbury was also interested in sport, and wrote in September 1607 that he was laid up on a couch at Sheffield Lodge, "neither fit for football nor tennis".
As well as bringing up their three daughters, Gilbert and Mary Talbot spent a good deal of time with their orphaned niece, Arbella Stuart. The downfall of Arbella, who as the closest relative of King James I of England had greatly offended him by marrying without his consent, had serious consequences for Gilbert and Mary: Mary, who had aided the marriage, went to the Tower of London as a result, and Gilbert lost his seat on the Privy Council.
In the absence of a male heir, he was succeeded in the earldom of Shrewsbury by his younger brother, Edward. However, some of the extensive estates passed then (or after Edward's death) to his daughters.
Notes
External links
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1552 births
1616 deaths
Knights of the Garter
English MPs 1572–1583
Lord-Lieutenants of Derbyshire
Gilbert
17th-century English nobility
16th-century English nobility
Earls of Shrewsbury
Earls of Waterford
Barons Talbot
Barons Strange of Blackmere | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert%20Talbot%2C%207th%20Earl%20of%20Shrewsbury |
Leština may refer to places in the Czech Republic:
Leština (Šumperk District), a municipality and village in the Olomouc Region
Leština (Ústí nad Orlicí District), a municipality and village in the Pardubice Region
Leština u Světlé, a municipality and village in the Vysočina Region
Leština, a village and part of Kozlov (Havlíčkův Brod District) in the Vysočina Region
Leština, a village and part of Malé Březno (Ústí nad Labem District) in the Ústí nad Labem Region
Leština, a village and part of Markvartice (Jičín District) in the Hradec Králové Region
Leština, a village and part of Slapsko in the South Bohemian Region
Leština, a village and part of Strmilov in the Vysočina Region
See also
Leštinka (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C5%A1tina |
Elk City State Park is a state park in Montgomery County, Kansas, United States, located west of Independence.
The park is adjacent to the Elk City Reservoir and the Elk City Wildlife Area. The reservoir offers fishing opportunities for channel catfish, white bass, crappie, flathead catfish, largemouth bass and saugeye. The Wildlife Area offers a chance to view white-tailed deer, wild turkey, bobwhite quail, cottontail, gray squirrel, prairie chicken, beaver, raccoon, bobcat, coyote, gray fox, opossum, mink and muskrat.
A nationally recognized trails system allows visitors to take in a variety of flora and fauna. The Green Thumb Nature Trail at the Timber Road campground is a one-mile loop with a panoramic vista of the lake. The nearby Table Mound Hiking Trail runs north along the east side of the lake to the scenic overlook at the dam. At the overlook is the 2/3-mile Post Oak Nature Trail. There is also a paved and handicapped accessible South Squaw Multipurpose trail. Running outside of the park is the Elk River Hiking Trail, a scenic route that begins at the west edge of the dam and ends near the U.S. Route 160 bridge on the Elk River.
See also
List of Kansas state parks
List of lakes, reservoirs, and dams in Kansas
List of rivers of Kansas
References
External links
State parks of Kansas
Protected areas of Montgomery County, Kansas
Protected areas established in 1967 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elk%20City%20State%20Park |
Kenneth Reginald Kowalski (born September 27, 1945) is a politician and former teacher from Alberta, Canada. He was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, where he served from 1979 to 2012, sitting with the governing Progressive Conservative caucus under five different Premiers.
Kowalski was the Speaker of the Assembly, and was first appointed to the Executive Council of Alberta by Premier Don Getty in 1986. He held five different cabinet portfolios, including that of Deputy Premier from 1992 to 1994.
Early life
Kenneth Reginald Kowalski was born in Bonnyville, Alberta on September 27, 1945. He worked as a teacher at Barrhead Composite High School, and was a civil servant in the Alberta government in the 1970s.
Political career
Kowalski first ran for a seat to the Alberta Legislature in a by-election held in November 1979 in the electoral district of Barrhead to replace Hugh Horner. He ran against three other candidates including Alberta Liberal leader Nicholas Taylor. Kowalski just barely won the election with Taylor finishing a strong second. He took 38% of the popular vote to hold the seat for the Progressive Conservatives.
Kowalski faced Taylor again in the 1982 general election. Kowalski held his seat by doubling his popular vote, while Taylor only saw a marginal increase.
The 1986 election saw Kowalski re-elected by a wider margin than in 1982, with the collapse of the opposition vote. His popular vote went up by an insignificant amount. New Democrat candidate Larry McConnell finished a distant second.
After the election Premier Don Getty appointed Kowalski to the Executive Council of Alberta as Minister of the Environment. On September 8, 1988, Getty appointed him Minister of Career Development and Employment. In the 1989 general election, his popular vote in his district rose again as he defeated three other candidates including Social Credit leader Harvey Yuill.
Getty moved Kowalski to his third cabinet portfolio, the Ministry of Public Works, Supply, and Services. He kept that portfolio when Ralph Klein became Premier in 1992 and also became Deputy Premier. He held both those portfolios going into the 1993 general election. The electoral district of Barrhead was redistributed and became Barrhead-Westlock. He won the new electoral district with his highest popular vote to date in the face of a strong challenge from Liberal candidate Dale Greig and four other candidates.
Klein shuffled Kowalski to the Ministry of Economic Development and Tourism after the election, and Kowalski also remained Deputy Premier. On September 15, 1994, he became Government Leader in the legislature. Kowalski ran for his sixth term in office in the 1997 general election. For the first time in his career his popular decreased. He defeated three candidates including Greig and Yuill to keep his seat.
Kowalski was elected Speaker of the Assembly on April 14, 1997. He defeated Don Tannas and Glen Clegg on the second ballot to win the position. The speaker's election was the first to be held by secret ballot in the assembly. In the 2001 general election, his popular vote rose significantly as he defeated three other candidates in a landslide.
After the election he was acclaimed to his second term as Speaker. He ran for his eighth term in office in the 2004 general election. His electoral district was again redistributed and he ran in the new electoral district of Barrhead-Morinville-Westlock. He won a slightly reduced popular vote, but still easily won the electoral district against four other candidates.
Kowalski was acclaimed to his third term as Speaker. He ran for his ninth term in the 2008 general election. He defeated four other candidates in a landslide to win the highest popular vote of his career.
On April 14, 2008, eleven years to the day after he won his first term as Speaker, Kowalski defeated Laurie Blakeman to remain in that position. He retired at the 2012 election.
References
External links
Alberta legislature biography
Speaker of the Assembly
Legislative Assembly of Alberta Members Listing
1945 births
Speakers of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta
Living people
People from the Municipal District of Bonnyville No. 87
Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta MLAs
Members of the Executive Council of Alberta
21st-century Canadian politicians | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken%20Kowalski |
Evelyn Chan Lu Ee is a Singaporean bowler.
In 2003, Chan won the 36th Singapore International Open, her first International title.
At the 2nd Commonwealth Tenpin Bowling Championships in 2005, Chan won bronze medal at the Ladies Singles event and the gold medal with Jennifer Tan.
Chan was also part of the Singapore woman bowling team which won bronze in the Women's Team of Five at bowling at the 2005 Southeast Asian Games and Women's Trios at bowling at the 2007 Southeast Asian Games. For those accomplishments, she received the Singapore Bowling Federation's Recognition Awards in 2006 and 2007.
Chan, as part of the women's bowling team, was also awarded the Meritorious Award (Team) of the Singapore Sports Awards in 2007.
References
Living people
Singaporean sportspeople of Chinese descent
Singaporean ten-pin bowling players
Bowlers at the 2006 Asian Games
Asian Games medalists in bowling
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
Asian Games bronze medalists for Singapore
Medalists at the 2006 Asian Games
SEA Games bronze medalists for Singapore
SEA Games medalists in bowling
Competitors at the 2005 SEA Games | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evelyn%20Chan |
DMC Global Inc. () owns and operates Arcadia, DynaEnergetics and NobelClad, three innovative, asset-light manufacturing businesses that provide differentiated products and engineered solutions to niche segments of the construction, energy, industrial processing and transportation markets. Arcadia supplies architectural building products, including exterior and interior framing systems, curtain walls, windows, doors, and interior partitions to the commercial construction market; it also supplies customized windows and doors to the high-end residential construction market. DynaEnergetics designs, manufactures and distributes highly engineered products utilized by the global oil and gas industry principally for the perforation of oil and gas wells. NobelClad is a leader in the production of explosion-welded clad metal plates for use in the construction of corrosion resistant industrial processing equipment, as well as specialized transition joints for use in construction of commuter rail cars, ships, and liquified natural gas (LNG) processing equipment.
Arcadia’s products are sold in the United States through a network of service centers and distributors, while DynaEnergetics and NobelClad operate globally through an international network of manufacturing, distribution and sales facilities. Refer to Note 11 within Item 8 — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data for net sales, operating income, and total assets for each of our segments.
References
External links
Official site
Manufacturing companies based in Colorado
Companies based in Broomfield, Colorado
Companies listed on the Nasdaq | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic%20Materials%20Corporation |
The siege of Cahir Castle took place in Munster, in southern Ireland in 1599, during the campaign of the Earl of Essex against the rebels in the Nine Years War (1595-1603). Although the castle was considered the strongest fortress in the country, Essex took it after only a few days of artillery bombardment. However, Queen Elizabeth dismissed her commander's achievement, claiming the defenders were merely a "rabble of rogues".
Campaign
In April 1599 Essex landed at Dublin with the largest army ever seen in Ireland (16,000 troops and 1,300 horse). He avoided confrontation with the northern rebels under Hugh O'Neill and chose instead to settle the southern part of the country, which was most susceptible to Spanish interference at a time when England feared another Armada expedition. In the course of a controversial, and largely wasteful, tour of the province of Munster he secured the surrender of Derrinlaur Castle before fixing his sights on the greater prize of Cahir Castle farther up the river Suir.
For any force hoping to penetrate westward from the Suir and deep into rebel country the suppression of the Barons of Cahir and their stronghold of Cahir castle was a necessity. The castle stood on a rock in the middle of the river and was considered impregnable by its situation, with its large keep enjoying the protection of six stout towers and thick curtain walls.
At the time the castle was the property of the Irish nobleman, Thomas Butler, 4th Baron Cahir, and in the custody of his brother, James Galdie ("the Englishman"). Before the capture of Derrinlaur Castle, Essex had accused Cahir of colluding with the rebel White Knight. But as the English army prepared to march from the riverside town of Clonmel, Cahir gave assurances that James Galdie would surrender the castle as soon as they came in view.
Siege
On the morning of 25 May, Essex divided the army into three battles, the vanguard to lead and the main battle to assemble on the fair green a mile outside Clonmel. Artillery (a cannon and a culverin) was brought by water into the quay under Essex's supervision. With the protection of the rearguard and a troop of horse, the guns were dragged by hand the 10 miles to Cahir (for want of draught horses), in poor weather over bridges that groaned under their weight. Essex rode ahead with the army and overtook the vanguard; they stopped a mile short of the castle and waited for the artillery.
Lord Cahir was sent ahead (with Henry Danvers, lieutenant general of the horse) to call on his brother to surrender and allow an English garrison to enter; he was answered with threats and insults by those who came out to parley with him, and was then accused by Essex of breach of faith. He proposed a further parley, but Essex was determined to capture the castle, and Cahir and his wife were placed under guard.
A council of war was called in the presence of the Earl of Ormond. The army was stationary, with supplies running low, and in poor weather on a flooded river plain the hazard of disease was increasing. There was also a rumour that a rebel force of 5,000 had mustered in the vicinity. Orders were given to procure more munitions from Waterford, as well as victuals from the town and surrounding country.
In the evening, Essex surveyed the castle with George Bingham, who had successfully besieged Maguire's island castle in Enniskillen in 1594. It was decided that approaches should be made along the east bank by way of old ditches and a wall, and that a trench be dug close up to the riverbank, within 50 paces of the castle, where a platform for the cannon might be erected. The engineers worked under cover of the musketeers and caliver men, with gabions (wicker baskets filled with earth) to shield them from hostile fire. The culverin was to be placed further back, with a wider view of the castle flanks.
On Saturday the 26th, the vanguard and main battle moved closer to the castle to camp on the east bank. Essex could have surrounded the castle by occupying the west bank with a detachment, but chose otherwise for fear his men would be unable to make it back to fend off any attack. In the afternoon, there was free traffic in and out of the castle, and he ordered a detachment of 300 to seize the orchard garden on the southside, which had been plashed on its outer edges: this was readily achieved with the loss of only a few men, although the English had been especially vulnerable as they crossed the river.
Late in the day, the rearguard arrived with the artillery. After a night of preparation, the guns were in place on the east bank on Whitsun Sunday, the 27th, and opened fire. The cannon was at point-blank range, but its carriage broke at the second shot - the damage took a day and a half to repair. Then a ball stuck in the culverin, but this was quickly cleared, and fifty shots were fired, until the garrison was silenced: they dared not stay in any tower or fight on that side of the castle. During the cannonade, Lord Cahir and his wife were said to have wept like children.
From the west bank, the White Knight relieved the castle with a few score kerne, withdrawing those unfit to defend. Essex sent Christopher St Lawrence, son of Lord Howth, and a colonel of foot, to an island on the north-east, which carried two bridges connecting the castle to the west bank; the bridges were broken, and the island was victualled by bringing boats overland past the castle and setting them in the river upstream.
In the evening, the cannon was reset on its carriage and the culverin drawn a little closer. On the 28th, the cannonade resumed at close quarters, and the east wall was breached. Preparations for an assault on the following morning were made: engineers made climbing ladders, scaffolds and sows (moveable protective screens); and petards (wooden cases of gunpowder, for blowing in doors or barricades) were assembled to undermine the walls. The plan was for four companies of veteran foot to make their assault through a sap trench once the powder had blown.
During the night, the garrison made an effort to steal away, but were spotted and met by Charles Percy and St Lawrence with four companies of Flanders veterans. At least 80 were slain along the river, but James Galdie escaped with some of his men through a sink shaft under a watermill. The English penetrated the castle courtyards at night without resistance.
On the morning of the 29th, Essex entered the castle, and the guns were soon mounted on the deserted walls, which had their breaches repaired. The castle was garrisoned with 100 men under the command of George Carey, who had suffered a face wound from which he later died. The army rested in camp until the 31st, while the sick and wounded were sent to Clonmel. The bridge at Golden had been repaired, and Essex crossed the Suir to enter rebel territory in west Munster.
Aftermath
Essex made much of his capture of Cahir Castle, but the queen demeaned his achievement by describing Galdie's defenders as a rabble of rogues. Soon after, Essex's campaign ground to a halt with a controversial cessation of arms with O'Neill, and the English commander fled the country to patch up his relations with Elizabeth. In the following year, 1600, the castle was retaken without a shot by 60 rebels under James Butler, and was in turn surrendered to Sir George Carew under threat.
References
Richard Bagwell, Ireland under the Tudors vol.3 (London, 1885–1890).
Thomas Birch, Memorials of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth (London, 1754), pp. 398-402
J.S.Brewer and W.Bullen eds. Calendar of Carew MSS. 1515-1624 vol.5 (1599) (London, 1867-1873).
Cyril Falls Elizabeth's Irish Wars (1950; reprint London, 1996). .
James O'Neill, The Nine Years War, 1593-1603: O'Neill, Mountjoy and the Military Revolution (Dublin, 2017).
Conflicts in 1599
Cahir 1599
Cahir 1599
Cahir Castle
1599 in Ireland
Cahir | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege%20of%20Cahir%20Castle |
A state bar association is a bar association that represents or seeks to represent the attorneys practicing law in a particular U.S. state. Their functions differ from state to state, but often include administration of the state bar examination for admission of attorneys to practice law, regulation of continuing legal education and other requirements, collection and monitoring of attorney client trust accounts, collection of fees and discipline of attorneys for ethical or other violations. Some state bars also provide services for members such as maintaining a directory of attorneys in the state, facilitating networking and social events for attorneys, publishing a bar journal and providing classes to fulfill these CLE credits requirements.
Voluntary and mandatory bars
A mandatory or integrated bar association is one to which a state delegates the authority to regulate the admission of attorneys to practice in that state; typically these require membership in that bar association to practice in that state. Mandatory bars derive their power from legislative statute and/or from the power of the state court system to regulate practice before it.
In the other states, membership in the bar associations is voluntary. In some states, a mandatory organization exists primarily for the purpose of regulating admission to practice, while a voluntary organization exists for other purposes. For example, in Virginia, the Virginia State Bar is the mandatory organization and the Virginia Bar Association is voluntary.
There are many bar associations other than state bar associations. Usually these are organized by geography (e.g. county bar associations), area of practice, or affiliation (e.g. ethnic bar associations).
Continuing legal education requirements
The rules of most state bar associations require members to complete continuing legal education (CLE) requirements, and also offer courses for lawyers in their area, with discounts to members of the particular bar association. A great many organizations offer CLE programs, including most or all state bar associations. Uniquely, the Kentucky Bar Association offers a two-day program known as Kentucky Law Update, conducted in at least seven locations throughout the state, that allows its members to satisfy their annual CLE requirement without a registration fee.
References
External links
Directory of State and Local Bar Associations, American Bar Association | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State%20bar%20association |
Leština () is a municipality and village in Ústí nad Orlicí District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.
Administrative parts
Villages of Doubravice, Dvořiště and Podhořany u Nových Hradů are administrative parts of Leština.
References
External links
Villages in Ústí nad Orlicí District | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C5%A1tina%20%28%C3%9Ast%C3%AD%20nad%20Orlic%C3%AD%20District%29 |
The crest is a prominent feature exhibited by several bird and other dinosaur species on their heads. It is distinct from features such as casques and cockscombs - sometimes erroneously referred to as "crests", which are bony and fleshy structures respectively.
The crest is made up of semiplume feathers: a long rachis with barbs on either side. These are plumulaceous feathers, meaning that they are soft and bendable. In birds, these semiplumes are common along the head, neck, and upper back, and may be used for buoyancy and sensing vibrations.
Crests on birds are generally used for display purposes. Cockatoos and their smaller cousins, cockatiels, are part of the parrot family Cacatuidae found in Australia, the Bismarck Archipelago and the Philippines, and are probably the most recognizable birds to feature crests. Cockatoos and cockatiels possess crests which may be raised or lowered at will. Their crests are used to communicate with fellow members of their species, or as a form of defense to frighten away other species that approach too closely, making the bird appear larger when the crest is suddenly and unexpectedly raised. Crests can be recumbent or recursive, depending on the species. The recumbent crest has feathers that are straight and lie down essentially flat on the head until the bird fans them out to where they stand up. The white cockatoo, for example, possesses a recumbent crest. The recursive crest is noticeable even when it is not fanned out because it features feathers, that, when lying down, curve upward at the tips, and when standing up, often bend slightly forward toward the front of the head. Many recursive crests also feature brilliant colors. The sulphur-crested cockatoo has a recursive crest, and the Major Mitchell's cockatoo (also known as the Leadbeater's cockatoo) possesses a prominent recursive crest. Some birds, like the galah, or rose-breasted cockatoo, have modified crests, which has features of both recumbent and recursive types.
Many domesticated bird species have crest feathers. These structures are known to have two origins: selective breeding or mutations. Crest feathers in domestic birds include a wide range of variations in form across species. The underlying molecular and genetic mechanisms that are responsible for crest feather formation in domesticated bird species are not well understood. As such, crest feathers are widely studied in morphological research and other related biological disciplines, particularly concerning domesticated species.
Gallery
From winter to summer
See also
Comb (anatomy)
Crested penguin
Snood (anatomy)
Wattle (anatomy)
References
Feathers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crest%20%28feathers%29 |
Blotting paper is a highly absorbent type of paper used to absorb ink or oil from writing material, particularly when quills or fountain pens were popular. It could also be used in testing how much oil is present in products. Blotting paper referred to as bibulous paper is mainly used in microscopy to remove excess liquids from the slide before viewing. Blotting paper has also been sold as a cosmetic to aid in the removal of skin oils and makeup.
Manufacture
Blotting paper is made from different materials of varying thickness, softness, etc. depending on the application. It is often made of cotton and manufactured on special paper machines. Blotting paper is reputed to be first referred to in the English language in the 15th century but there is a tradition in Norfolk, England that it was invented by accident at Lyng Mill on the River Wensum.
It is reported that a Berkshire (England) paper mill worker failed to add sizing to a batch of paper that was being produced. The batch was discarded. Subsequently, someone tried to write on a piece of this discarded "scrap" paper and found that it rapidly absorbed any ink applied, making it unusable for writing. Its marked absorbency having been noted, however, led to its subsequently being produced and used as blotting paper, replacing sand, which was the material that had been used for absorbing superficial wet ink. In a time when most paper was produced from "rags", red/pink rags, from which it was difficult to remove all color and had generally been discarded, were now directed to the production of blotters, hence the historically characteristic pink color of blotters.
Applications
Art
A form of blotter paper commonly known as watercolor paper is produced for its absorbent qualities, allowing much better absorption of water and pigments than standard art or drawing papers. Although usually categorized as separate from blotting paper, differences in the constituents and thickness of blotting paper and watercolor paper are subtle, and making a distinction between the two is unnecessary as the production process is nearly identical.
Chemical analyses
Blotting paper is used in chemical analyses as stationary phase in thin-layer chromatography. Blotting paper is also used in pool/spa maintenance to measure pH balance. Small squares of blotting paper attached to disposable plastic strips are impregnated with pH sensitive compounds usually extracted from lichens, especially Roccella tinctoria. These strips are used similarly to litmus strips, however filter paper is usually used for litmus strips, generally to allow for the property of diffusion.
Drugs
Drugs active in microgram range, most notably LSD, are commonly distributed illicitly on blotting paper. A liquid solution of the drug is applied to the blotting paper, which commonly is perforated into individual doses and artfully decorated with what is known as blotter art. Vanity blotter is blotter art that has not been exposed to LSD and is usually sold as a collectible, although inevitably much of this art ends up in illegal distribution. The artwork is printed onto blotter paper and then sometimes perforated into tiny squares or "tabs" which can be torn or cut apart. Most blotter art designs have grid lines as part of the design to either aid in perforation or to be left as a cutting grid. Blotter as a delivery method allows for easy dosing of potent substances and easy sublingual administration of drugs which has made it increasingly popular as a preparation for other potent drugs including 25I-NBOMe and alprazolam.
Plain white LSD blotter without artwork is commonly referred to as WoW (White on White) and is usually not perforated but rather gridded with a pen and sometimes laid on commonly obtained watercolor paper.
Writing
Blotting is frequently necessary when using dip pens and occasionally when using fountain pens. This was first done by sprinkling pounce over the wet ink.
When used to remove ink from writings, the writing may appear in reverse on the surface of the blotting paper, a phenomenon which has been used as a plot device in a number of detective stories, such as in the Sherlock Holmes story "The Adventure of the Missing Three-Quarter".
Cosmetics
Blotting papers are also commonly used in cosmetics to absorb excess sebum oil from the face. They are popularly marketed and have been sold by numerous cosmetic brands worldwide.
The papers are often dyed, for wider market appeal, and dusted with salicylic acid and minerals to actively prevent the formation of comedones and acne. However, there is a popular debate of whether blotting papers can help reduce acne by absorbing excess oil, or cause it. The quality of the blotting papers and the use of other ingredients such as mineral oils may be a determining factor.
Occult rituals
During the Renaissance in Iceland, blotting paper had a small religious significance whereas it was used as a tool for ceremonial magic. This becomes noticeable in the Galdrabók, a grimoire (magic spell book) of the time period in which the reader is directed to draw sigils on blotting paper to attain success.
See also
Blotting paper coffee filter
Notes
References
Visual arts materials
Cosmetics
Lysergic acid diethylamide
Paper
Paper products | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blotting%20paper |
Tommy William Polley (born January 18, 1978) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker for six seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He originally played for the St. Louis Rams from 2001 to 2004 before signing with the Baltimore Ravens as a free agent in 2005. He played only one season with the Ravens before signing with the Saints on June 2, 2006. Polley grew up in Baltimore and played football for Dunbar High School. He was a Top 50 Basketball prospect according to Hoop Scoop.
Early years
Polley was hailed as one of the top prep athletes in the nation during his senior year at Dunbar High School in Baltimore, which is regarded as one of the top producers of basketball talent in the country. He was USA Today’s Player-of-the-Year in Maryland after recording 208 tackles (136 solo), 16 sacks and eight interceptions as a senior. He also caught 34 passes for 567 yards and three TDs. He led his team to back-to-back state championships as a junior and senior and was named Baltimore area Defensive Player-of-the-Year after both his junior and senior campaigns. He was also regarded as one of the country’s top 60 basketball prospects, and led the Poets to four straight state titles—averaged 20.4 points, 10.7 rebounds, and 8.1 assists per game as a senior.
College career
Polley enrolled at Florida State University as a scholarship player. He ended his collegiate career with 289 tackles (170 solo) and was a semi-finalist for the Butkus Award, third-team Football News All-American, First-team All-ACC selection, and a finalist for the ACC’s Brian Piccolo Award (as a result of his courageous comeback from the injury he suffered in the Sugar Bowl). In his final season at FSU, Polley had 100 tackles with 53 solo tackles, 7 tackles for a loss, 2 sacks, broke up 7 passes, recovered a team-high 3 fumbles, and forced one. The defensive leader and captain took the Seminoles to another National Championship (2001 Orange Bowl), even though his team ultimately lost 13-2 to the Oklahoma Sooners. In his junior year in 1999, Polley had an outstanding season when he led Florida State with 109 tackles (67 solos) and also had six stops for loss. He earned First-team All-ACC accolades. In his Sophomore Year (1998) he started 12 of 13 games at both outside linebacking posts and had 59 total tackles (37 solo) and had two tackles for loss. 1997 was his freshman Year (and he totaled 21 tackles with 13 solo stops in the first year of action and played in all 12 games and had at least one tackle in eight games. In 1996, he Redshirted along with most of his class.
Professional career
Polley was drafted by the St. Louis Rams on the second round of the 2001 NFL Draft. He finished his rookie season with 67 tackles (50 solo). Polley went on to have a 6-year NFL career, amassing 304 tackles with 224 solo stops, and retired in 2007 after a shoulder injury sidelined him for most of the season. After 4 seasons with the Rams, he finished his career by spending one year with the Baltimore Ravens and his final year with the New Orleans Saints.
Coaching career
Polley coaches for St. Mary's High School in St. Louis, Missouri as the defensive coordinator.
References
1978 births
Living people
American football linebackers
Baltimore Ravens players
Florida State Seminoles football players
New Orleans Saints players
St. Louis Rams players
High school football coaches in Illinois
Players of American football from Baltimore
African-American coaches of American football
African-American players of American football
21st-century African-American sportspeople
20th-century African-American sportspeople | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy%20Polley |
Ricky Warwick (born 11 July 1966) is a Northern Irish musician and the lead singer of the rock bands Black Star Riders and Thin Lizzy. He is also the frontman for the Scottish hard rock band The Almighty, with whom he achieved chart success in the UK throughout the 1990s, although the band is currently on hiatus. Warwick has released several solo albums and performed with a variety of other bands and artists, and also fronts his own band, The Fighting Hearts, to showcase his solo material.
Early life
Warwick was born in Newtownards, County Down, where he spent his formative years, and got his first guitar at 14 years old. He was soon playing along to songs by various rock and country acts such as Bruce Springsteen, Bob Dylan and Johnny Cash. Warwick quickly migrated to the music of more harder-edged acts such as Motörhead, MC5, Stiff Little Fingers and The Clash. He later reminisced that "Those artists gave me a voice", adding that "...when no one would listen to a fourteen year old boy, they gave me something important to say." A year after, he moved with his family to Strathaven in Scotland. He first met his future bandmates Stump Monroe and Floyd London at his new school in Scotland.
Career
Warwick got his first break in the late 1980s, when he was invited to join New Model Army as a rhythm guitarist on their The Ghost of Cain album world tour. He states that he learnt a great deal about songwriting and stagecraft during his time with the band. Warwick then left New Model Army and formed The Almighty in 1988 with guitarist Andy 'Tantrum' McCafferty and Warwick's former school-friends, drummer Stump Monroe and bass guitarist Floyd London. Warwick was the lead vocalist and played guitar in various formats of the band. Although all four founding members had a strong background in punk rock music, The Almighty took a more heavy metal/hard rock orientated musical direction.
The early 1990s saw The Almighty tour extensively throughout the UK and Europe as support to major rock acts such as Motörhead, Megadeth, Alice Cooper, Iron Maiden and Metallica. The band also later toured as headliners in their own right. Five studio albums and one live album were released by The Almighty during this time, which were well received by rock fans throughout the UK and in Europe. They were, however, unable to break through in the United States despite touring there in 1993. That same year, Warwick also performed with The Stiff Little Fingers at a gig at the Barrowlands in Glasgow. A live album showcasing that gig from March 1993, Pure Fingers, was released in 1995.
In 1996, disillusioned with the direction The Almighty were taking Warwick moved to Dublin where he formed a new band called (sic) with Ciaran McGoldrick (bass) and Gary Sullivan (drums). The band's one record, I Feel So Lonely I Could Die, was only released in Japan, although a four-track EP came out in the UK. (sic) broke up in 1999 and then Warwick returned to The Almighty. The Almighty then released two further albums before again disbanding in 2001.
After the second break-up of The Almighty, Warwick admits he felt like quitting performing altogether. Instead, he went on tour in 2002 as a solo artist and, taking on board his fondness for country music and Americana, he played acoustically. The tour reinvigorated Warwick's love of music, and he began writing songs for a new album.
Warwick's first solo album, Tattoos & Alibis, was released in October 2003. Almost entirely acoustic, it was a marked departure from the raucous hard rock of The Almighty. A follow-up album was released in January 2006, Love Many Trust Few, which was similar in style to his solo debut although slightly more hard-rock orientated.
In January 2006 The Almighty reformed with their 'classic' line-up of Warwick, Stump, Floyd and Pete for benefit shows. Later in the year, they appeared as headliners at the 2006 Bulldog Bash and then undertook a 5 show tour of the UK in December 2006. During the same year, Warwick also joined the band Circus Diablo, along with Billy Duffy (of The Cult). The band recorded one album and performed at Ozzfest during 2007, but are no longer active.
He has in the past toured the British Isles and throughout Europe supporting Bob Dylan, Sheryl Crow and Keith Caputo.
Warwick will make his acting debut in an independent film written and directed by Bobby Field. Entitled The Bridge, filming is set to begin in mid 2017. The cast features several other rock musicians including Joe Elliott, Al Jourgensen (Ministry) and Joey Santiago (The Pixies).
In April 2009, Warwick released his third solo album, Belfast Confetti, continuing in the largely acoustic guitar based approach of his previous two solo albums.
Metalriot.com's Morgan Y. Evans wrote of Warwick's 2021 solo single "You're My Rock'N'Roll" that it ,"...is an infectious yet street-wise song that feels like what it means to live for rock, a punk-tinged power anthem that brings to mind working class, scab knuckled hands wiping down the bar to start all over again. It's the sort of song that would make the Social Distortions and Rose Tattoos of the world proud, a fine tribute to the many faces known and unknown behind the genre's glory and ongoing legacy."
Thin Lizzy and Black Star Riders
In September 2009, Warwick was invited to join the latest lineup of Thin Lizzy and joined them as lead vocalist and guitarist. Warwick took part in Thin Lizzy's 2011 European tour commemorating 25 years since the death of original frontman Phil Lynott. In December 2012, he co-founded the Thin Lizzy spin-off band, Black Star Riders in order to release new material largely composed by Warwick with guitarist Damon Johnson. Black Star Riders' first album All Hell Breaks Loose was released in May 2013.
In 2014, Warwick recorded a second album with the Black Star Riders. Titled The Killer Instinct, the album was released on 20 February 2015. Alongside his touring commitments with Black Star Riders in 2015, Warwick toured the UK with his bandmate Damon Johnson, performing acoustic sets of Thin Lizzy and Black Star Riders songs, plus various covers and selections of Almighty and solo material. He also recorded an album of covers titled Stairwell Troubadour, again through PledgeMusic.
During 2016 and early 2017, Warwick and Thin Lizzy performed a small number of shows to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the band's breakthrough hit album, Jailbreak and the 30th anniversary of Phil Lynott's death. Black Star Riders' third album, Heavy Fire, was released on 3 February 2017 and reached No. 6 in the UK album charts.
The Fighting Hearts
In February 2014, Warwick launched a campaign through PledgeMusic to launch two albums later in the year, one comprising acoustic songs with the other being a hard rock record. The two albums, Hearts on Trees and When Patsy Cline Was Crazy (And Guy Mitchell Sang The Blues), were released at the end of 2014 to those who contributed to the PledgeMusic campaign, and on general release as a double album in February 2016 on the Nuclear Blast label. Guest musicians on these recordings include Damon Johnson, Joe Elliott, Andy Cairns, Billy Morrison, Nathan Connolly, Ginger Wildheart, Richard Fortus and Jake Burns. Warwick assembled a band named The Fighting Hearts to tour behind the album, featuring Gary Sullivan on drums, Black Star Riders bassist Robbie Crane, and ex-Mission guitarist Mark Gemini Thwaite. Ricky Warwick and The Fighting Hearts supported Stiff Little Fingers on a full UK tour throughout late February and March 2016.
The Fighting Hearts undertook a second UK tour in November 2016, supported by Vice Squad. Filling the bass guitar role on this tour was Richard Vernon.
Ricky headlined the very first WinterStorm festival in Troon in 2016.
In 2022, Warwick reactivated The Fighting Hearts for a month-long tour of the UK and Ireland in March. Retaining bass guitarist Richard Vernon, Warwick also recruited guitarist Ben Christo (The Sisters of Mercy) and drummer Jack Taylor (Tax the Heat). Further shows followed in May, with Christo replaced temporarily by Sam Wood (Wayward Sons), and in August, two shows in Dublin and Belfast, again supporting Stiff Little Fingers.
Personal life
Warwick met Vanessa Young, presenter of MTV show Headbangers Ball, in 1990, during his time with The Almighty. They married in 1991 and divorced in 2000. He is now married to Christina, and lives in the US.
Warwick is friends with singer Joe Elliott, having performed backing vocals on Def Leppard albums, whilst Elliott has returned the favour recording on and producing Warwick's solo albums. Warwick was Elliott's Best man at his wedding in 2004.
Warwick is a fan of Northern Ireland football club Glentoran, and in 2010 he released a three track DVD in aid of the Spirit of 41 campaign to save Glentoran from extinction. In December 2014, he performed an acoustic benefit show in Dundonald (a town east of Belfast) to raise funds for the Glentoran Community Trust. Warwick wore a specially commissioned one-off Glentoran football strip for the show. It featured the logos of all his bands, including The Almighty and Thin Lizzy, and was auctioned to help raise further funds for the Trust.
Discography
Solo albums
Tattoos & Alibis (2003)
Love Many Trust Few (2005)
"Love Owes" EP (2007)
Belfast Confetti (2009)
Hearts on Trees (2014)
When Patsy Cline Was Crazy (And Guy Mitchell Sang the Blues) (2014)
Stairwell Troubadour (2015)
When Patsy Cline Was Crazy (And Guy Mitchell Sang the Blues) / Hearts on Trees (double album 2016)
When Life Was Hard and Fast (2021)
The Almighty
Blood, Fire & Love (1989)
Blood, Fire & Live (1990) UK No. 62
Soul Destruction (1991) UK No. 22
Powertrippin' (1993) UK No. 5
Crank (1994) UK No. 15
Crank and Deceit: Live in Japan [Japan only release] (1995)
Just Add Life (1996) UK No. 34
The Almighty (2000)
Psycho-Narco (2001)
Wild and Wonderful – compilation (2002)
Anth'f**ing'ology – compilation (2007)
All Proud, All Live, All Mighty – live (2008)
The All Fuckin B-Sides Vol 1 – compilation (2008)
Stiff Little Fingers
Pure Fingers – live (1995)
(sic)
I Feel So Lonely I Could Die [Japan only release] (1997)
Eyeball Kicks EP [1997]
Circus Diablo
Circus Diablo (2007)
Black Star Riders
All Hell Breaks Loose (2013) UK No. 25
The Killer Instinct (2015) UK No. 13
Heavy Fire (2017) UK No. 6
Another State of Grace (2019) UK No. 14
Wrong Side of Paradise (2023)
References
External links
Interview with Leeds Music Scene
Ricky Warwick interview June 2010
Ricky Warwick Mudkiss fanzine interview
JAM Magazine interview
1966 births
Living people
Male singers from Northern Ireland
Rock guitarists from Northern Ireland
People from Newtownards
Thin Lizzy members
Black Star Riders members
New Model Army (band) members
Musicians from County Down
Male guitarists from Northern Ireland
20th-century guitarists from Northern Ireland
21st-century guitarists from Northern Ireland
20th-century male musicians from Northern Ireland
21st-century male musicians from Northern Ireland | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricky%20Warwick |
State Highway 130, also known as SH-130 or OK-130, is a highway maintained by the U.S. state of Oklahoma. It is entirely within McClain County. It does not have any lettered spur routes.
Route description
It runs between SH-76 north of Blanchard to a traffic light on US-62/277 in the southwest part of Newcastle. The speed limit is 55 MPH (88 km/h) for most of the route, though on the east end of the highway the speed limit falls to 45 MPH (72 km/h).
SH-130 is also signed as Fox Lane by the city of Newcastle.
History
SH-130 first appeared on the 1957 ODOT map, which was also the first to show SH-76's extension to Newcastle (previously, SH-76 ended in Blanchard). From 1957 to 1964, it was composed of gravel. The route was apparently decommissioned in either 1964 or early 1965, as it appears on the 1964 map but not the 1965 edition. SH-130 was brought back fourteen years later, reappearing on the 1979 map as a paved highway. No changes have been made to the highway since then.
Junction list
References
External links
SH-130 at Roadklahoma
130
Transportation in McClain County, Oklahoma | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklahoma%20State%20Highway%20130 |
Millburn may refer to:
Places
United Kingdom
Millburn, Inverness, an area of Inverness, Scotland
Millburn, County Londonderry, a townland in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland
United States
Millburn, Illinois, an unincorporated community in Illinois, United States
Millburn, New Jersey, a township in New Jersey, United States
Other
Millburn Academy, secondary school in Inverness
Millburn distillery, distillery in Inverness
Millburn High School, public high school in Millburn, New Jersey
Millburn Magic, women's soccer team in New Jersey
Millburn Park, Vale of Leven F.C. football ground
Millburn (NJT station), New Jersey Transit station in Millburn, New Jersey
Millburn Township Public Schools, school district in Millburn, New Jersey
See also
Milburn (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millburn |
Leštinka may refer to places in the Czech Republic:
Leštinka (Chrudim District), a municipality and village in the Pardubice Region
Leštinka, a village and part of Světlá nad Sázavou in the Vysočina Region
See also
Leština (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C5%A1tinka |
In computing, sort is a standard command line program of Unix and Unix-like operating systems, that prints the lines of its input or concatenation of all files listed in its argument list in sorted order. Sorting is done based on one or more sort keys extracted from each line of input. By default, the entire input is taken as sort key. Blank space is the default field separator. The command supports a number of command-line options that can vary by implementation. For instance the "-r" flag will reverse the sort order.
History
A command that invokes a general sort facility was first implemented within Multics. Later, it appeared in Version 1 Unix. This version was originally written by Ken Thompson at AT&T Bell Laboratories. By Version 4 Thompson had modified it to use pipes, but sort retained an option to name the output file because it was used to sort a file in place. In Version 5, Thompson invented "-" to represent standard input.
The version of bundled in GNU coreutils was written by Mike Haertel and Paul Eggert. This implementation employs the merge sort algorithm.
Similar commands are available on many other operating systems, for example a command is part of ASCII's MSX-DOS2 Tools for MSX-DOS version 2.
The command has also been ported to the IBM i operating system.
Syntax
sort [OPTION]... [FILE]...
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, the command reads from standard input.
Parameters
Examples
Sort a file in alphabetical order
$ cat phonebook
Smith, Brett 555-4321
Doe, John 555-1234
Doe, Jane 555-3214
Avery, Cory 555-4132
Fogarty, Suzie 555-2314
$ sort phonebook
Avery, Cory 555-4132
Doe, Jane 555-3214
Doe, John 555-1234
Fogarty, Suzie 555-2314
Smith, Brett 555-4321
Sort by number
The -n option makes the program sort according to numerical value. The command produces output that starts with a number, the file size, so its output can be piped to to produce a list of files sorted by (ascending) file size:
$ du /bin/* | sort -n
4 /bin/domainname
24 /bin/ls
102 /bin/sh
304 /bin/csh
The command with the option prints file sizes in the 7th field, so a list of the files sorted by file size is produced by:
$ find . -name "*.tex" -ls | sort -k 7n
Columns or fields
Use the -k option to sort on a certain column. For example, use "-k 2" to sort on the second column. In old versions of sort, the +1 option made the program sort on the second column of data (+2 for the third, etc.). This usage is deprecated.
$ cat zipcode
Adam 12345
Bob 34567
Joe 56789
Sam 45678
Wendy 23456
$ sort -k 2n zipcode
Adam 12345
Wendy 23456
Bob 34567
Sam 45678
Joe 56789
Sort on multiple fields
The -k m,n option lets you sort on a key that is potentially composed of multiple fields (start at column m, end at column n):
$ cat quota
fred 2000
bob 1000
an 1000
chad 1000
don 1500
eric 500
$ sort -k2,2n -k1,1 quota
eric 500
an 1000
bob 1000
chad 1000
don 1500
fred 2000
Here the first sort is done using column 2. -k2,2n specifies sorting on the key starting and ending with column 2, and sorting numerically. If -k2 is used instead, the sort key would begin at column 2 and extend to the end of the line, spanning all the fields in between. -k1,1 dictates breaking ties using the value in column 1, sorting alphabetically by default. Note that bob, and chad have the same quota and are sorted alphabetically in the final output.
Sorting a pipe delimited file
$ sort -k2,2,-k1,1 -t'|' zipcode
Adam|12345
Wendy|23456
Sam|45678
Joe|56789
Bob|34567
Sorting a tab delimited file
Sorting a file with tab separated values requires a tab character to be specified as the column delimiter. This illustration uses the shell's dollar-quote notation
to specify the tab as a C escape sequence.
$ sort -k2,2 -t $'\t' phonebook
Doe, John 555-1234
Fogarty, Suzie 555-2314
Doe, Jane 555-3214
Avery, Cory 555-4132
Smith, Brett 555-4321
Sort in reverse
The -r option just reverses the order of the sort:
$ sort -rk 2n zipcode
Joe 56789
Sam 45678
Bob 34567
Wendy 23456
Adam 12345
Sort in random
The GNU implementation has a -R --random-sort option based on hashing; this is not a full random shuffle because it will sort identical lines together. A true random sort is provided by the Unix utility shuf.
Sort by version
The GNU implementation has a -V --version-sort option which is a natural sort of (version) numbers within text. Two text strings that are to be compared are split into blocks of letters and blocks of digits. Blocks of letters are compared alpha-numerically, and blocks of digits are compared numerically (i.e., skipping leading zeros, more digits means larger, otherwise the leftmost digits that differ determine the result). Blocks are compared left-to-right and the first non-equal block in that loop decides which text is larger. This happens to work for IP addresses, Debian package version strings and similar tasks where numbers of variable length are embedded in strings.
See also
Collation
List of Unix commands
uniq
shuf
References
Further reading
External links
Original Sort manpage The original BSD Unix program's manpage
Further details about sort at Softpanorama
Computing commands
Sorting algorithms
Unix text processing utilities
Unix SUS2008 utilities
Plan 9 commands
Inferno (operating system) commands
IBM i Qshell commands | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sort%20%28Unix%29 |
Aaron John Elling (born May 31, 1978, in Waconia, Minnesota) is a former American football placekicker. He was signed by the Minnesota Vikings as an undrafted free agent in 2002. He played college football at Wyoming.
Elling has also been a member of the Tennessee Titans, Baltimore Ravens, Atlanta Falcons, Jacksonville Jaguars, Cincinnati Bengals and the Oakland Raiders.
Early years
Born in Waconia, his family moved to Wyoming in his childhood. During his high school studies at Lander Valley High, he was a speaker at numerous events and was a player in the soccer team with whom he won two All-State honors.
College career
Elling attended George Fox University where he played soccer his freshman year. He then transferred to the University of Wyoming where he walked on the football team. Majoring in exercise physiology at Wyoming, he planned to attend Pacific University to study optometry.
Professional career
Minnesota Vikings
He signed for the Miami Dolphins as a college free agent on May 7, 2002, but was waived on August 27.
In 2003, Elling signed with the Vikings as a free agent and played in all 16 games scoring 102 points. He made his NFL debut against the Green Bay Packers on September 7. He was waived by the Vikings on September 2, 2004.
Tennessee Titans
Elling signed with the Tennessee Titans on September 10, 2004, and in the season opener he scored five points and played as both kicker and punter. He was then waived by the Titans.
Minnesota Vikings (second stint)
Elling re-signed as a free agent by the Vikings on September 17, 2004. He suffered a broken ankle against the Indianapolis Colts and was placed on season-ending injured reserve. He was waived by the Vikings on September 6, 2005. In his two stints with the Viking he had a 72 field goal percentage, hitting 18 of 25 attempts.
Baltimore Ravens
Elling signed with the Baltimore Ravens as a free agent on September 27, 2005, and played in nine games. He was waived by the team on September 1, 2006.
Atlanta Falcons
On March 22, 2007, Elling signed with the Atlanta Falcons. He was cut on August 6.
Jacksonville Jaguars
Elling was signed by the Jaguars on August 10, 2007, as a free agent but was then released.
Cincinnati Bengals
Elling was then signed by the Cincinnati Bengals during the 2007 preseason. However, in his preseason debut, he tore a ligament in his knee attempting to make a tackle on kickoff, and was released on September 2.
Oakland Raiders
On August 8, 2008, Elling was signed by the Oakland Raiders to fill in for Sebastian Janikowski in the preseason. Offensive tackle Mark Wilson was placed on injured reserve to make room for Elling. He was cut on August 26.
References
External links
Oakland Raiders bio
1978 births
Living people
People from Waconia, Minnesota
George Fox University alumni
Wyoming Cowboys football players
Pacific University alumni
Minnesota Vikings players
Tennessee Titans players
Baltimore Ravens players
Atlanta Falcons players
Jacksonville Jaguars players
Cincinnati Bengals players
Oakland Raiders players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaron%20Elling |
Dicraeosauridae is a family of diplodocoid sauropods who are the sister group to Diplodocidae. Dicraeosaurids are a part of the Flagellicaudata, along with Diplodocidae. Dicraeosauridae includes genera such as Amargasaurus, Suuwassea, Dicraeosaurus, and Brachytrachelopan. Specimens of this family have been found in North America, Asia, Africa, and South America. In 2023, a dicraeosaurid fossil was discovered in India for the first time. Their temporal range is from the Early or Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. Few dicraeosaurids survived into the Cretaceous, the youngest of which was Amargasaurus.
The group was first described by German paleontologist Werner Janensch in 1914 with the discovery of Dicraeosaurus in Tanzania. Dicraeosauridae are distinct from other sauropods because of their relatively short neck size and small body size.
The clade is monophyletic and well-supported phylogenetically with thirteen unambiguous synapomorphies uniting it. They diverged from Diplodocidae in the Mid-Jurassic, as evidenced by the diversity of dicraeosaurids in both South America and East Africa when Gondwana was still united by land. However, there is some disagreement among paleontologists on the phylogenetic placement of Suuwassea, the only genus of the Dicraeosauridae to be found in North America. It has been characterized as a basal dicraeosaurid by some and a member of the Diplodocidae by others. The placement of Suuwassea within Dicraeosauridae or Diplodocidae has substantial biogeographic implications for the evolution of Dicraeosauridae.
Classification
Dicraeosaurids are a part of Diplodocoidea and are the sister group to Diploidocidae. In the past two decades, the known diversity of the group has doubled. However, the classification of Suuwassea as a dicraeosaurid is not universally agreed upon. Some phylogenetic analyses have found Suuwassea to be a basal diplodocoid instead of a dicraeosaurid. One 2015 analysis has even found Dyslocosaurus as a member of Dicraeosauridae. A 2016 reappraisal of Amargatitanis has placed it into the Dicraeosauridae, as well. In 2018 a new genus, Pilmatueia, was described.
Dicraeosaurids are differentiated from their sister group, diplodocids, and from most sauropods by their relatively small body size and short necks. Dicraeosaurids are advanced sauropods within the monophyletic clade Neosauropoda, which is generally characterized by gigantism. The relatively small body size of dicraeosaurids make them an important outlier relative to other taxa in Neosauropoda.
Phylogeny
There have been several different proposed phylogenies of Dicraeosauridae and the intra-group cladistics are not resolved. Suuwassea is variably positioned as either a basal dicraeosaurid or a basal diplodocoid. The phylogeny published by Tschopp and colleagues in 2015 is as follows:
Tschopp includes Dyslocosaurus and Dystrophaeus as dicraeosaurids, two genera traditionally not considered to be part of Dicraeosauridae. The specimens of Dystrophaeus viamelae are highly fragmentary, with only a few bones available for study including an ulna, partial scapula, partial dorsal vertebrae, a distal radius, and some metacarpals. Dyslocosaurus polyonychius also has extremely limited fossil evidence that only includes appendicular elements, and the position of it in Tschopp's phylogeny is therefore considered "preliminary".
Several studies, however, do not include even Suuwassea in Dicraeosauridae, such as Sereno et al. (2007); and JD Harris (2006). Other studies, however, recover Suuwassea as a basal dicraeosaurid, including Whitlock (2010) and Salgado et al. (2006).
Paleobiology
Feeding behavior
As sauropods, dicraeosaurids are obligate herbivores. Due to their relatively small necks and skull shape, it has been deduced that dicraeosaurids and diplodocids primarily browsed close to the ground or at mid height. Among the dicraeosurids, only Dicraeosaurus has well-preserved dentition. This makes it difficult for paleontologists to make definitive statements about Dicraeosauridae feeding behavior compared to diplodocid feeding behavior. However, compared to its known relatives, Dicraeosaurus is unique in that it has an equal number of teeth in the upper and lower jaw, though teeth in the lower jaw are replaced more slowly.
Anatomy
Dicraeosaurids are characterized by their relatively small body size, short necks, and long neural spines. They are 10–13 meters in body length. They share thirteen unambiguous synapomorphies including dorsal vertebrae without pleurocoels, the presence of a ventrally directed prong on the squamosal, and a subtriangular-shaped dentary symphysis.
Distribution and evolution
Early Dicraeosaurid specimens have been found in three continents - Africa, South America, and North America. The distribution of species is primarily Gondwonan, with the exception of the North American Suuwassea. The presence of Suuwassea in North America is unique among dicraeosaurids, therefore making the proper taxonomic classification of Suuwassea essential. The group likely first diverged from the diplodocids in the middle Jurassic in North America and subsequently dispersed into Gondwana, with the most diversity in East Africa and South America. Amargasaurus was the latest surviving dicraeosaurid genus, living into the Early Cretaceous period.
Recently from the Thar Desert, a dicraeosaurid fossil dating back to 167 million years ago was discovered in 2023. This present-day sweltering expanse of India was a lush green tropical coastline that bordered the Tethys Ocean, serving as a habitat for a diverse range of dinosaurs during the Mesozoic Era. This discovery marks the first of its kind to be unearthed in Asian continent and is also the oldest specimen ever recorded in the global fossil record.
Sources
Flagellicaudata
Early Jurassic first appearances
Early Cretaceous extinctions
Prehistoric dinosaur families | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dicraeosauridae |
Brian Timothy Rimpf (born February 11, 1981) is a former American football offensive tackle. He was drafted by the Baltimore Ravens in the seventh round of the 2004 NFL Draft. He played college football at East Carolina.
Rimpf also played for the New Orleans VooDoo and California Redwoods.
Rimpf is a former teacher and head football coach at Jack Britt High School in Fayetteville, North Carolina. He is now the head coach and athletic director at Camden High School in South Carolina.
Early years
Rimpf played high school football at Leesville Road High School in Raleigh.
He was taught principles of business and business law at Harnett Central High School in Angier, North Carolina.
College career
Rimpf played college football at East Carolina University where he was First-team All Conference USA four times in his career.
Professional career
Baltimore Ravens
Played 2004-2006
New Orleans VooDoo
Rimpf played for the New Orleans VooDoo of the Arena Football League in 2008, recording one tackle.
California Redwoods
Rimpf was drafted by the California Redwoods of the United Football League in the UFL Premiere Season Draft in 2009. He signed with the team on September 2.
References
External links
Just Sports Stats
United Football League bio
1981 births
Living people
Players of American football from Raleigh, North Carolina
American football offensive tackles
American football offensive guards
East Carolina Pirates football players
Baltimore Ravens players
New Orleans VooDoo players
Sacramento Mountain Lions players
Leesville Road High School alumni | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian%20Rimpf |
Vinkeveen en Waverveen is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It was created in a merger of Vinkeveen and Waverveen in 1841, and existed until 1989, when the new municipality of De Ronde Venen was formed.
References
Former municipalities of Utrecht (province)
De Ronde Venen | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinkeveen%20en%20Waverveen |
Leštinka is a municipality and village in Chrudim District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
References
External links
Villages in Chrudim District | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C5%A1tinka%20%28Chrudim%20District%29 |
3rd Street in Los Angeles is a major east–west thoroughfare. The west end is in downtown Beverly Hills by Santa Monica Boulevard, and the east is at Alameda Street in downtown Los Angeles, where it shares a one-way couplet with 4th Street. East of Alameda it becomes 4th Street, where it heads to East Los Angeles, where it turns back into 3rd Street upon crossing Indiana Street. 3rd Street eventually becomes Pomona Boulevard in Monterey Park, where it then turns into Potrero Grande Drive and finally turns into Rush Street in Rosemead and ends in El Monte.
3rd Street passes along the south side of The Grove and "The Original" Farmers Market at Fairfax Avenue, near the headquarters of The Writers Guild of America, West. There are also many other restaurants, boutiques, and antique stores on this specific strip of 3rd Street, which is less upscale and more relaxed than nearby Robertson Boulevard and Melrose Avenue.
3rd Street is parallel to two other major thoroughfares, Wilshire Boulevard to the south and Beverly Boulevard to the north. It is four lanes wide east of Doheny Drive, and it passes through the same communities as Wilshire Boulevard.
Notable locations on Third Street
From east to west:
Bradbury Building
Million Dollar Theater
St. Vincent Medical Center
Marlborough School
Yeshiva Aharon Yaakov-Ohr Eliyahu (formerly Daniel Murphy High School)
Park La Brea
Farmers Market and The Grove
Writers Guild of America, West
Joan's on Third
Beverly Center
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Little Bangladesh
Education and transportation
Los Angeles Board of Education Headquarters
Evelyn Thurman Gratts Elementary School, 3rd Street and Lucas Avenue
Miguel Contreras Learning Complex, 3rd Street and Lucas Avenue
Metro Local bus line 16 serves west 3rd Street. Montebello Transit line 40 serves east 3rd Street.
The Metro E Line runs on 3rd Street between Indiana Street and Atlantic Boulevard, with station stops at Indiana, Maravilla, East LA Civic Center, and Atlantic.
References
External links
Collapse of 3rd Street Tunnel construction in 1900
3rd Street Tunnel used as an auditorium in 1903
Images of the 3rd Street Tunnel
West Third Street Business Association
Central Los Angeles
Downtown Los Angeles
Fairfax, Los Angeles | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3rd%20Street%2C%20Los%20Angeles |
Charles Kenneth Hall (born December 13, 1935) nicknamed "Sugar Land Express", is a former American football player. Playing for the Sugar Land High School Gators (Sugar Land, Texas) from 1950 to 1953, Hall established 17 national football records, several of which still stand.
High school
Hall's career prep rushing record of 11,232 yards (1950: 569 yd; 1951: 3,160 yd; 1952: 3,458 yd; 1953: 4,045 yd) stood until November 16, 2012, when it was broken by Derrick Henry. His 32.9 points per game (1953/12) remains a national record. His record of 38 one hundred-yard games was tied by Steve Worster in 1966, but was not broken until the mid-1980s by Emmitt Smith, whose record was recently broken by Rushel Shell of Hopewell High School in Pennsylvania. Hall also finished his career with 14,558 yards of total offense (11,232 rushing/3,326 passing), a record that would last until being broken by Nitro (West Virginia) High School's future Major League Baseball player J. R. House in 1998.
At Sugar Land, Hall played in the single-wing formation at quarterback, standing and weighing in at . According to the National High School Sports Record Book, Hall still holds multiple single-season records, including average points per game (32.9), touchdowns per game (4.8) and rushing yards per game (337.1).
In a single contest against Houston Lutheran High School in 1953, Hall averaged 47.3 yards on 11 carries for 520 yards (the state record for nearly 25 years, currently 4th), returned a punt 82 yards, a kickoff run of 64 yards and snatched a 21-yard interception for a combined 687 total yards.
College
Hall was recruited by several schools, and chose to attend Texas A&M under college coach Paul "Bear" Bryant.
He quit before his college's team went to the Junction, Texas, training camp and got married.
Professional career
Hall played in the Canadian Football League and for various National Football League teams between 1957 and 1961. On October 23, 1960, Hall averaged 65.33 yards per kickoff return for the Houston Oilers against the New York Titans, 3rd highest on the all time individual NFL record books for highest average kickoff return yardage, game (minimum of at least three returns).
He played in 34 total games, serving as a half back and occasional punter. He rushed for 212 total career yards on 51 carries, with 8 receptions for 118 yards and 2 touchdowns. He returned 11 punt returns for 164 yards and a touchdown and he returned 31 kicks for 833 yards for one touchdown. He punted 14 times for 448 yards.
Legacy and honors
In 1983, Hall was placed in the National High School Hall of Fame. Hall also belongs to the Texas High School Football Hall of Fame and the Texas Sports Hall of Fame. Hall was honored, by All American Games, in 1999 with the creation of the Hall Trophy. The Hall Trophy (molded in Hall's likeness) is presented annually to an outstanding football player on a nationwide level. Some past winners include Chris Leak, Adrian Peterson, Mitch Mustain, and Terrelle Pryor. During the 1980s, Hall was sales manager for Sweetner Products Company, a large wholesale sugar distributor in Southern California. He lives in Fredericksburg, Texas.
Records
Fifty-five years later, Hall still holds the following Texas state records:
Single-season rushing yards (4,045/1953; this was accomplished in 12 games, and Hall remains the only Texas running back to rush for over 4,000 yards in one year)
Rushing per game (337.1 yards/1953/12)
Points per game (32.9/1953/12)
Career rushing (11,232 yards/1950–53)
See also
U.S. Army Player of the Year Award
John Giannantonio
References
External links
Ken Hall Stadium
1935 births
Living people
People from Fredericksburg, Texas
People from Madisonville, Texas
Players of American football from Texas
American football running backs
Texas A&M Aggies football players
Baltimore Colts players
Chicago Cardinals players
Houston Oilers players
St. Louis Cardinals (football) players
American Football League players
American players of Canadian football
Canadian football running backs
Edmonton Elks players | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken%20Hall%20%28American%20football%29 |
Pulsed DC (PDC) or pulsating direct current is a periodic current which changes in value but never changes direction. Some authors use the term pulsed DC to describe a signal consisting of one or more rectangular ("flat-topped"), rather than sinusoidal, pulses.
Pulsed DC is commonly produced from AC (alternating current) by a half-wave rectifier or a full-wave rectifier. Full wave rectified ac is more commonly known as Rectified AC. PDC has some characteristics of both alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) waveforms. The voltage of a DC wave is roughly constant, whereas the voltage of an AC waveform continually varies between positive and negative values. Like an AC wave, the voltage of a PDC wave continually varies, but like a DC wave, the sign of the voltage is constant.
Pulsating direct current is used on PWM controllers.
Smoothing
Most modern electronic items function using a DC voltage, so the PDC waveform must usually be smoothed before use. A reservoir capacitor converts the PDC wave into a DC waveform with some superimposed ripple. When the PDC voltage is initially applied, it charges the capacitor, which acts as a short term storage device to keep the output at an acceptable level while the PDC waveform is at a low voltage. Voltage regulation is often also applied using either linear or switching regulation.
Difference from AC
Pulsating direct current has an average value equal to a constant (DC) along with a time-dependent pulsating component added to it, while the average value of alternating current is zero in steady state (or a constant if it has a DC offset, value of which will then be equal to that offset). Devices and circuits may respond differently to pulsating DC than they would to non-pulsating DC, such as a battery or regulated power supply and should be evaluated.
Uses
Pulsed DC may also be generated for purposes other than rectification. It is often used to reduce electric arcs when generating thin carbon films, and for increasing yield in semiconductor fabrication by reducing electrostatic build-up. It is also generated by the voltage regulators in some automobiles, e.g., the classic air-cooled Volkswagen Beetle.
Pulsed DC is also commonly used in driving light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to lower the intensity. Since light-emitting diodes cannot be reliably dimmed through the simple reduction of voltage as in an incandescent bulb, pulsed DC is used to produce many rapid flashes of light that to the human eye are indiscernible as individual flashes, but are seen as a lower brightness. Since an LED has no traditional filament to stress, this also has the added effect of prolonging the lifespan of the LED by reducing its on-time. This can sometimes be seen on videos where an LED or lamp assembly composed of LEDs is filmed at a frame rate very close to - but not exactly - the same as the pulsed DC frequency, which causes the lamp to slowly and occasionally fade in and out as the LEDs fall out of synchronization with the video frame.
References
Bibliography
Electric power
Electric current | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsed%20DC |
Cementerio Club is a Peruvian alternative rock band formed in 1996. In 1999 MTV began to play their videoclip of the song "Barco Viejo" and in 2001 MTV played another video of them called "Sometimes Bonita". In 2004, Cementerio Club was nominated to "Best New Central Artist" category at the MTV Video Music Awards Latin America for their video "Inmortales", and won it. That same year, their album "Cementerio Aclubstico ¿Aún Crees En La Magia?" won "Album Of The Year" in MTV.
Their bassist/guitar and leader José Arbulú has also released his debut album as a solo career called "Libres", the lead guitar Pedro Solano also has releases his debut album as a solo career called "+ Amor.
Members
José Arbulú (vocals, (Bass, Guitar)
Pedro Solano (vocals, Lead Guitar)
Ricardo Solís (Guitar)
Luis Callirgos (drums)
Discography
Cementerio Club (1997)
Cerca (2000)
Canciones Desnudas Para Iluminar Los Cuerpos (2001)
Vacaciones En Mediocielo (2003)
Cementerio Aclubstico ¿Aun Crees En La Magia? (2004)
Bailando En El Muladar (2007)
Tiempo (2015)
Singles
Underground
Barco viejo
Tal vez mañana
Ella va
Sometimes bonita
El mago
Jade
Inmortales
Esfera de cristal
Crepúsculo
Hotel Apocalipsis
No puedo esperar
Ya no me pones
References
Peruvian musical groups | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cementerio%20Club |
John Bjorn Bear is an American businessman in the distance education industry. He is also a writer of creative reference works.
Early life and education
Bear attended Reed College in Oregon (class of 1959), and holds bachelor's and master's degrees from University of California, Berkeley (1959 and 1960, respectively) and a doctorate from Michigan State University (1966).
Career
He is the author of Bears' Guide to Earning Degrees by Distance Learning, whose 16th edition was published in 2006. He is also co-author of the first two editions (of five total) of the book now called Walston's Guide to Christian Distance Learning. He has been engaged by the FBI in its investigations of diploma mills for some twenty years.
In the past, Bear was involved with several unaccredited start-up distance learning institutions, including Columbia Pacific University, Fairfax University, and Greenwich University. He describes the nature of these affiliations in Bears' Guide to Earning Degrees by Distance Learning and on his website. Bear is widely acknowledged to be a leading authority on distance learning and diploma mills. In 2004, he was interviewed by CBS's 60 Minutes for an investigation involving Hamilton University. He has appeared as a degree mill expert on TV shows including Good Morning America, Inside Edition and American Journal.
Bear has written or co-authored 35 books on education, cooking, consumerism, humor, computers, and the world of publishing.
Personal life
Bear lives in Portland, Oregon with his wife Marina. They have three daughters and five grandchildren.
Books
Education related
Degree Mills: the billion dollar industry that has sold more than a million fake degrees (with Allen Ezell; Prometheus Books, January 2005)
Get Your IT Degree and Get Ahead (with Mariah Bear and Tom Head; Osborne McGraw-Hill, 1999)
Bears' Guide to the Best MBAs by Distance Learning (with Mariah Bear, Ten Speed Press, January 2000),
Bears' Guide to the Best Computer Degrees by Distance Learning (with Mariah Bear and Larry McQueary, Ten Speed Press, March 2001),
Bears' Guide to the Best Education Degrees by Distance Learning (with Mariah Bear, Thomas Nixon, and Tom Head, Ten Speed Press), March 1, 2004,
Bears' Guide to Finding Money for College (with Mariah Bear; Ten Speed Press, November 1997)
Guide to Nontraditional Higher Education (Grosset & Dunlap)
Fifteen monographs on the higher education systems of the United States, Germany, Cuba, Mexico, and other countries (NOOSR, the Australian National Office on Overseas Skills Recognition, published by the Australian National Publishing Office, 1990–1994).
Miscellaneous
Morning Food from Cafe Beaujolais (with Margaret Fox, Ten Speed Press; 1985; completely revised edition, 2006)
The Something-Went-Wrong, What-Do-I-Do-Now Cookbook (with Marina Bear; Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1970),
Signals and Messages (British Publishing Company, London)
The Blackmail Diet: lose weight or else (Ten Speed Press, January 1, 1982)
Not Your Mother's Cookbook (with Marina Bear; SLG Books, 2004)
Send This Jerk the Bedbug Letter: how corporations, politicians, and the media deal with consumer complaints (Ten Speed Press, May 1, 1996)
The #1 New York Times Bestseller (a book about the phenomenon of bestsellers; Ten Speed Press, January 1, 1992)
Complaint Letters for Busy People (with Mariah Bear, Career Press, July 1999),
How to Repair Food (with Marina Bear and Tanya Zeryck, Ten Speed Press, revised edition, March 2004)
Computer Wimp: 166 things I wish I knew before I bought my first computer, Ten Speed Press, 1983.
Computer Wimp No More: the intelligent beginner's guide to computers (with David Pozerycki), Ten Speed Press, revised edition 1991.
Mailing from Mexico (Wightman Publishing)
The Unusual Guide to Unusual Shopping in San Francisco (with Jay Conrad Levinson and Pat Levinson, Price/Stern/Sloan, January 1, 1972)
The Prince and the Frog and the Princess and the Mole and the Prince and the Frog and (children's book, Tricycle Press, October 1, 1994),
The World's Worst Proverbs (Price/Stern/Sloan, 1976),
So You're In Your Twenties (Price/Stern/Sloan)
So You're in Your Thirties
So You're in Your Forties
So You're in Your Fifties
So You're in Your Sixties
References
External links
John Bear's website
Bear interviewed by the BBC
Degree Duplicity, Christian Science Monitor article published June 10, 2003
20th-century births
Living people
American instructional writers
UC Berkeley College of Letters and Science alumni
Michigan State University alumni
Writers from California
Reed College alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism alumni | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Bear%20%28educator%29 |
Escape from Mars (1999) is a made-for-TV film produced for the UPN Network. The story concerns five astronauts who make the first crewed trip to Mars in 2015.
The film was filmed in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Cast
Christine Elise as Lia Poirier, Sagan Cocommander
Peter Outerbridge as John Rank, Sagan Cocommander
Allison Hossack as Andrea Singer, Mission Chemist
Michael Shanks as Bill Malone, Mission Architect
Ron Lea as Jason, Mission Control Weasel
Kavan Smith as Sergei Andropov, Mission Biogeochemist
David Kaye as Steve Yaffe
Peter Kelamis as David Adams, Mission Control Weasel
Julie Khaner as Gail "Mack" McConnell, Mission Control
Tammy Isbell as Stephanie Rank, John's Ex-Wife
Arlene MacPherson as Remi
Aaron Pearl as Robert, Lia Poirier’s Fiancé
Jonathan Barrett as Richard Singer, Andrea's Husband
Darrell Nicholson as Andy Singer
Sophia Sweatman as Amanda Singer
Home Release
Released on VHS.
Reception
Radio Times gave the movie two out of five stars. Moria gave the movie the same rating, finding the scientific realism of the movie a plus, but that the direction and characters were lacking. TV Guide gave the movie one of four stars, finding the movie spends too much time in the Earth bound control room.
See also
List of films set on Mars
List of television films produced for UPN
Notes
External links
American science fiction television films
Mars in film
American science fiction action films
1999 television films
1999 films
1990s science fiction action films
Films about astronauts
Films set in 2015
Films set in 2016
Films set in the future
Films directed by Neill Fearnley
Hard science fiction films
1990s English-language films
1990s American films
UPN original films | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escape%20from%20Mars |
Libkov may refer to places in the Czech Republic:
Libkov (Chrudim District), a municipality and village in the Pardubice Region
Libkov (Domažlice District), a municipality and village in the Plzeň Region | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libkov |
Eric A. Stillwell (born 1962, USCAR) is a producer and writer who has worked on a number of television series, made-for-television movies, and motion pictures, including numerous Star Trek series and motion pictures.
Stillwell graduated from the University of Oregon in 1985 with a bachelor's degree in political science.
Production
Stillwell began work in the field in 1986 as a production assistant on Promise, a Hallmark television movie starring James Garner and James Woods that received five Emmy Awards, two Golden Globes, a Peabody Award, a Christopher Award and the Humanitas Prize.
In 1987, Stillwell moved to Los Angeles, where he served as production assistant and script coordinator for Star Trek: The Next Generation. He would serve as a production associate on Star Trek: Voyager and as script coordinator on Star Trek: Insurrection in 1998.
Stillwell went on to serve from 1999 to 2005 as Vice President of Operations for Piller², the production company created by Trek scriptwriter and producer Michael Piller. He also served as associate producer on USA's Dead Zone television series, as well as ABC Family's Wildfire series.
Writing
Stillwell co-wrote the TNG episode "Yesterday's Enterprise," a fan favorite, in 1990, and briefly took a turn before the camera as a Klingon extra in 1991's Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country.
He co-wrote the 1995 Voyager episode "Prime Factors" with David R. George III in 1999, and collaborated with George and Armin Shimerman on the story upon which the 1999 DS9 novel The 34th Rule was based. In 2006, Stillwell was the head writer and associate producer on Nanna's Cottage and Monster Sunday School, two children's television series produced by Polara Productions in Eugene, Oregon.
Trek Fandom
Prior to the commencement of his career, from 1981 to 1984, Stillwell served as president of Starfleet: The International Star Trek Fan Association. During Stillwell's administration, he presided over structural reorganizations within the group, restored good relations with the Star Trek Welcommittee, and increased the group's visibility by publicizing with Starlog, Susan Sackett (Trek creator Gene Roddenberry's personal assistant), and notable fandom figure Bjo Trimble, leading its figures to swell toward 3,000 fans. Today, the Guinness Book of World Records recognizes Starfleet as the world's largest science fiction fan club.
Stillwell has participated in several "Cruise Trek" cruises.
Later Activities
Following the death of producer Michael Piller in 2005, Stillwell joined the FOX Broadcasting Company in the Alternative Entertainment department on shows including American Idol, So You Think You Can Dance, and The X Factor, as well as specials like the annual Teen Choice Awards, the American Country Awards, and the occasional Emmy broadcast. He later worked for the Walt Disney Corporation at Disney Consumer Products. Stillwell and his wife Debra are retired and currently reside in France.
Notes
External links
Eugene Register Guard article about Eric A. Stillwell
Screenwriters Utopia interview with Eric A. Stillwell
Trekking Through Life interview with Eric A. Stillwell
Wired Magazine interview with Eric A. Stillwell
Trek Brasilis interview with Eric A. Stillwell
1962 births
Living people
Writers from Eugene, Oregon
Screenwriters from Oregon
American male screenwriters
People from Okinawa Prefecture
University of Oregon alumni
Winston Churchill High School (Eugene, Oregon) alumni
Businesspeople from Eugene, Oregon | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric%20A.%20Stillwell |
The 400-499 range of area codes in Mexico is reserved for Aguascalientes, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Estado de México, Michoacán, Nuevo León, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Veracruz and Zacatecas.
(For other areas, see Area codes in Mexico by code).
4 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area%20codes%20in%20Mexico%20by%20code%20%28400-499%29 |
Michael Perry or Mike Perry may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media
Alan and Michael Perry (born 1961), miniature wargame sculptors
Michael Perry (author) (born 1964), writer and a humorist
Michael Perry (gardener) (born 1979), TV gardener and author
Michael Perry (software engineer), software designer and writer
Michael R. Perry (born 1963), American television producer, television writer and screenwriter
Michael W. Perry, radio personality on KSSK-FM
Mike Perry (artist) (born 1981), artist and animator
Mike Perry (DJ) (born 1983), Swedish DJ and producer
Mike Perry (game developer) (born 1969), game developer at Maxis and Zynga
Religion
Michael Perry (hymnwriter) (1942–1996), English hymnwriter
Michael Perry (priest) (1933–2015), Anglican priest and author
Michael A. Perry (born 1954), American Franciscan friar
Sports
Michael Perry (athlete) (born 1977), Australian triple jumper
Michael Perry (basketball) (born 1958), American college basketball coach
Michael Perry (footballer) (born 1944), Australian rules player
Michael Alexander Perry (born 1964), known as Mick Perry, English footballer
Michael Dean Perry (born 1965), football player
Mike Perry (fighter) (born 1991), American fighter
Others
Michael J. Perry (born 1945), American legal scholar and writer
Michael James Perry (1982–2010), American convicted murderer, executed in 2010
Michael Owen Perry (born 1954), American murderer, subject of the US Supreme Court case Perry v. Louisiana
Michael Sydney Perry (born 1934), British businessman
See also
Michael Perry Botanic Reserve, in Stonyfell, South Australia
Perry (surname) | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Perry |
Weekendavisen (meaning The Weekend Newspaper in English) is a Danish weekly broadsheet newspaper published on Fridays in Denmark. Its circulation (as of 2007) is approximately 60,000 copies, about ten per cent of which cover subscriptions outside Denmark. According to opinion polls, however, the actual number of readers is much higher (290,000 in 2007).
History
Until 1971 the Danish postal service distributed mail twice daily, in the morning and in the afternoon. When afternoon mail delivery was discontinued, Berlingske Aftenavis (Berlingske Evening Newspaper), which was the evening edition of the daily newspaper Berlingske Tidende, had to cease publication, and Weekendavisen came into existence as a replacement, known for the first several years as Weekendavisen Berlingske Aften. The owner and publisher of the paper is the Berlingske Officin.
Weekendavisen'''s logo contains the original coat of arms of Berlingske Tidende, including the words "ANNO 1749", and its volume count begins in that year rather than in 1971 because its publishers and editors regard it as a continuation of the original Berlingske Tidende.
CharacteristicsWeekendavisen is a highbrow newspaper containing in-depth analyses of society and politics as well as extensive coverage of literature and fine arts. The weekly covers matters of national and international rather than local interest.Weekendavisen is split into four sections each week: Society, Culture, Books and Ideas, which covers science-related news and articles.
AwardsWeekendavisen presents the annual Weekendavisen Book Award. The nominees are selected by the newspaper's corps of literary critics and the final winner is selected by the readers.
Editors-in-chief
1950-1973: Otto Fog-Petersen
1973-1978: Henning Fonsmark
1978-1984: Frank Esmann
1984-1987 Jørgen Schleimann
1987-1992 Tøger Seidenfaden
1992-1998 Peter Wivel
1998-2017 Anne Knudsen
2017- Martin Krasnik
See also
Eks Libris
References
External links
Official website
Information on Weekendavisen at the website of the paper's owner, the Berlingske Officin Information on Weekendavisen at the paper's own website
Denmark - Culture - Mass Media – an overview of the history of the Danish press at the website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark. Weekendavisen'' is mentioned in the last paragraph of section 4.13.4.
Berlingske Media
1971 establishments in Denmark
Danish-language newspapers
Newspapers established in 1971
Newspapers published in Copenhagen
Weekly newspapers published in Denmark | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weekendavisen |
Hoyt McWhorter Dobbs (November 16, 1878, in Antioch, Alabama – December 9, 1954, in Shreveport, Louisiana) was an American bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South and The Methodist Church, elected in 1922.
Prior to his election to the episcopacy, he served as a professor of Christian doctrine and as the dean (1916–20) of the Perkins School of Theology at Southern Methodist University, University Park, Dallas County, Texas.
In 1935, he became one of the founding members of Theta Phi, the professional honor society for clergy.
References
Thomas, Mary Martha Hosford, Southern Methodist University: Founding and Early Years. 1974.
"Friends of God", TIME, Jan. 28, 1935; accessed 12/5/06
See also
List of bishops of the United Methodist Church
American Methodist Episcopal, South bishops
Bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South
1878 births
1954 deaths
Presidents of United Methodist seminaries
20th-century Methodist bishops | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoyt%20McWhorter%20Dobbs |
Symphony Center was a proposed concert hall in Atlanta, Georgia that would have been the new home of the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra. The site for the new structure was to be in Midtown on 14th Street just south of the current Symphony Hall in the Woodruff Arts Center. Architect Santiago Calatrava was selected to design the facility and delivered a design that would serve as a "postcard" for the city. The design was unveiled in 2005, but was cancelled in 2008 due to funding issues. The ASO now plans to build a new hall at the Woodruff Arts Center, at 15th Street and Peachtree Street.
In May 2014, the Woodruff Arts Center sold the property to a group of New York City-based developers, and it is currently the site of the Opus Place development.
See also
List of concert halls
References
External links
Music venues in Atlanta
Midtown Atlanta
Santiago Calatrava structures
Proposed buildings and structures in Georgia (U.S. state)
Unbuilt buildings and structures in the United States | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlanta%20Symphony%20Center |
Ian Duncan (born 23 June 1961) is one of Kenya's most successful rally drivers. He was Kenyan Rally Champion six times (1987, 1988, 1989, 1991, 2000 and 2011), and achieved outright victory in a World Rally Championship round when he won the 42nd Trustbank Safari Rally in 1994. This was one of seven consecutive top ten finishes in the event from 1990 to 1996, despite its notorious attrition rate.
Career
He spent his childhood at his parents' farm in Limuru. His first tastes of driving occurred when he was aged around ten, as he helped his mother when she got stuck on farm roads during the rainy season. He went to St. Mary's High School, but was more interested in repairing cars and motorcycles. He also competed in motocross winning the national 125 cc title in 1979 and 1980. He competed in the Safari Rally for the first time in 1983 driving a Nissan pick-up navigated by Gavin Bennett, reaching ninth position and a class victory, gaining the attention of rally people.
His first victorious national rally was the Nakuru Rally in 1987 driving a Toyota Celica twin-cam turbo navigated by Ian Munro. Duncan won his first national championship the same year winning most of the races. He won the 1987 national Motor Sportsman of the Year Award.
Having competed with a Group A Subaru Legacy RS and Toyota Celica Turbo 4WD in the 1990s. Apart from the Safari Rally, he competed in WRC rallies only a few times. The best result was finishing 3rd overall during the 1993 WRC safari Rally. During this edition, Toyota achieved a famous 1-2-3-4 that was repeated during the 2022 WRC Safari Rally. He would also finish eighth overall and win the Group N class in a Subaru Legacy RS at the 1990 Acropolis Rally in Greece, navigated by Yvonne Mehta (the wife of Shekhar Mehta).
Later he was running a non-homologated Toyota Hilux with a turbocharged 4.5 L engine in the Kenyan National Rally Championship (KNRC). In November 2006 Duncan won the Guru Nanak Rally, becoming the first driver to win a KNRC round for the tenth time. He was imposed a four percent time penalty due to his non-homologated vehicle. He extended the record in 2007 by winning the Guru Nanak Rally again.
Duncan has won the Rhino Charge off-road event in 1998, 2006 and 2007. He has competed in motorcycling. In 2003, he was the runner up of the Kenyan enduro, motocross as well as rally championships.
He introduced his newest rally car, a Nissan Patrol pick-up, in October 2008. In 2008 he also won the national autocross championship. In 2009, 15 years after winning the Safari Rally proper, Duncan won the Safari classic rally driving a 1968 Ford Mustang navigated by his current navigator Amaar Slatch. The defending champion Björn Waldegård was left in second place.
On 23 October 2011 he won the Kenyan National Rally Championship for the sixth time. Duncan entered the 2011 Classic Safari Rally as a defending champion, now driving a Ford Capri. He finished seventh
In 2012 he came close to winning his second Safari Rally, now with ARC status, but lost to Carl Tundo by just 15 seconds
WRC victories
References
External links
Profile of Duncan at Rallybase.nl, including international results
Report on Duncan's victory in the 1994 Safari Rally
Kenya National Rally Championship , official site
1961 births
Kenyan rally drivers
Living people
World Rally Championship drivers
Alumni of St. Mary's School, Nairobi
White Kenyan people
Toyota Gazoo Racing drivers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian%20Duncan%20%28rally%20driver%29 |
Lurpak is a Danish brand of butter owned by Arla Foods. It is sold in over 75 countries worldwide, and is known for its distinctive silver packaging. Lurpak came into existence in October 1901 after a combination of several Danish dairy farmers decided to create and register a common brand and mark for butter to increase sales. Its logo is based on the lur, an ancient instrument once used in Scandinavia.
Lurpak's principal market is the United Kingdom.
Lurpak butter is made from milk, but their spreadable range contains rapeseed oil.
Product range
Lurpak Slightly Salted Butter
Lurpak Cheese Spread
Lurpak Lighter Spreadable
Lurpak Lightest Spreadable
Lurpak Organic Spreadable
Lurpak Unsalted
Lurpak Spreadable Slightly Salted Butter
Lurpak Spreadable Margarine Butter
Lurpak With Crushed Garlic
Lurpak Olive Oil Spread
Lurpak Softest Slightly Salted (launched Spring 2018)
Advertising campaigns
In 1985, Lurpak launched a television campaign for the United Kingdom featuring Douglas, a trombonist made from butter, trying to play the famous classical composition Flight of the Bumblebee by Rimsky-Korsakov at the end of each advert spot (usually being stopped by the voiceover "Not now, Douglas!"), in tribute to Arthur Tolcher's appearances on the television show Morecambe and Wise. This was created by Aardman Animations, and featured the voice of Penelope Keith, with the intro to the Agnus Dei from Faure's Requiem as background music. This ran for almost twenty years, until Lurpak repositioned with the "Good Food Deserves Lurpak" campaign, created by Wieden+Kennedy, and featuring the voice of Rutger Hauer.
Similar brands
In the United Kingdom, discount retailer Aldi has introduced its own brand lookalike "butter blended with rapeseed oil", named Norpak, which is manufactured in Ireland. Lidl and Tesco also have their own brand lookalikes, named Danpak and Butterpak, respectively.
References
External links
Lurpak UK site
Products introduced in 1901
Food brands of Denmark
Arla Foods
Brand name dairy products
Butter
Multinational companies headquartered in Denmark | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lurpak |
The name Tembin has been used for four tropical cyclones in the western Pacific Ocean. The name, contributed by Japan, is the Japanese name for the constellation Libra.
Tropical Storm Tembin (2000) (T0005, 09W) – not a threat to land while tropical.
Tropical Storm Tembin (2005) (T0522, 23W, Ondoy) – crossed the Philippines.
Typhoon Tembin (2012) (T1214, 15W, Igme) - made landfall in Taiwan twice.
Typhoon Tembin (2017) (T1727, 33W, Vinta) – devastated southern Philippines killing over 266 people.
The name Tembin was retired by the WMO in 2018, and replaced with Koinu in 2019, which means puppy or the constellation Canis Minor in Japanese.
Typhoon Koinu (2023) (T2314, 14W, Jenny) - a very powerful Category 4 typhoon that lashed Southern Taiwan and Batanes in early October 2023.
Pacific typhoon set index articles | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20storms%20named%20Tembin |
This is a list of Associated Equipment Company (AEC) and London General Omnibus Company (LGOC) buses from 1909 to closure in 1979.
LGOC / AEC (1909–1918)
X-type
B-type
1918–1941
K-type (1919–1926)
S-type (1920–1927)
NS-type (1922–1929)
400-series
500-series
Renown (1925–1929)
LS-type (1927–1928)
Reliance 660-series (1928–1932), transitional model featuring newly developed 6-cylinder engine in 1920s type chassis
LT-type (1929–1933), with six wheels; first 150 had outside staircases due to enforcement by the Metropolitan Police. Both single and double deck
ST-type (1929–1931), similar to LT-type, but shorter
Mercury 640/O640-series (1930–35), normal control 3.5 ton lorry sometimes bodied as a light coach
Regal 662/O662-series (1929–40), principal AEC single deck model of the 1930s
Regal 4 642/O642-series (1930–37), variant of Regal with smaller (4-cylinder) engine
Regal II 862/O862-series (1935–39), variant of Regal with shortened bonnet to allow higher seating capacity
Ranger 650-series (1934), normal control version of Regal 4, only 2 built
Ranger 665/O665-series (1930–38), normal control version of Regal
Ranger 670/O670-series (1931–37), export version of Ranger, predominantly for Canada
Regent 661/O661-series (1929–1942), principal AEC double deck model of the 1930s
Renown 663-series (1929–1938), 3-axle double decker
Renown 664/O664-series (1930–40), longer variant of Renown built as either single or double deck
Q-type 761/O761-series (1933–1936), double deck variant of Q-type
Q-type 762/O762-series (1932–1937), single decker with side-mounted engine positioned behind front axle
Q-type O763-series (1937), one-off 3-axle Q-type double decker
1945–1979
Regent II (1945–1947)
Regent III RT-type (1939–1954)
Regent III (1947–1957)
Regal I (1946–1947)
Regal III (1947–1953)
Regal IV (1949–1960), underfloor-engined single decker
Regal V (1955–1959)
Reliance (1953–1979)
Monocoach (Integral)
Regent V (1954–1969)
Routemaster (1954–1968)
Ranger (1955–?), export model based on the Mercury/Monarch lorry
Bridgemaster (1956–1962)
Ranger (1957–1979)
Renown (1962–1967)
Regal VI (1962–1979)
Swift (1964–1979)
Merlin (1965–1972)
Sabre (1968–1970)
Prototypes
T-type (1920)
Regent IV (1949) – an underfloor-engined double decker with only a one-off prototype built
FRM Rear-engined Routemaster (1966)
Trolleybuses
601
602
603 / 603T
604
605
607
661T
662T
663T
664T
691T
761T
See also
Associated Equipment Company
List of buses
References
Aec Buses | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20AEC%20buses |
Sir Frederick Harold Stewart (14 August 1884 – 30 June 1961) was an Australian businessman, politician and government minister. His continuing political commitment was to the establishment of a national insurance scheme and the shortening of working hours to improve social conditions during the Great Depression, despite the opposition of his own party.
Early life
Stewart was born in Newcastle and educated in public schools in Newcastle and worked for 20 years as an administrative officer in the New South Wales Government Railways. In 1908 he married Lottie May Glover and they had six children. He was a prominent Methodist Lay Preacher. In 1919 Stewart developed the Sydney suburb of Chullora and owned the Metropolitan Omnibus Company that serviced the area. He also had an early interest in aviation and broadcasting. He established radio station 2CH and with Charles Kingsford Smith and Charles Ulm established Australian National Airways.
Political career
Stewart failed to get pre-selection as a Nationalist candidate for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Martin at the 1929 election and ran unsuccessfully for the state seat of Concord at the 1930 election. He won the federal seat of Parramatta for the United Australia Party at the 1931 election and held it until his retirement before the 1946 election. He supported a shorter work week to reduce unemployment during the Great Depression and programs to improve social conditions such as national insurance and workers' housing schemes.
Stewart was appointed Minister for Commerce from October 1932 had responsibility for trade policy. In November 1934, he stood down to allow the Country Party to be brought into the ministry, with Earle Page becoming Minister for Commerce. He refused Joseph Lyons's offer of a junior ministry and instead became parliamentary under-secretary for employment, but resigned this position in February 1936 so that he could concentrate on his private scheme to improve social conditions. He was knighted in 1935. After the 1937 election, under pressure from Stewart, Lyons announced a limited national insurance scheme, but Stewart refused a position in Cabinet.
Stewart was appointed as Minister for Health and Minister for Social Services in Robert Menzies' ministry in April 1939 and continued to press for the implementation of a national insurance scheme. In November 1939, with the outbreak of World War II, he was given the additional portfolio of Minister for the Navy and in January 1940, he became in addition Minister for Supply and Development on Richard Casey's appointment as Ambassador to the United States. This portfolio was responsible for procuring supplies for the military. In March 1940, he lost the portfolios of health and the navy, but retained social services and supply and development in the second Menzies Ministry. He was criticised over his performance in supplying the military, despite such ingenuity as finding and refurbishing 15,000 World War I uniforms and he lost the supply portfolio from October 1940 in the third Menzies Ministry, but was appointed Minister for External Affairs, retained social services and regained health. He held the three portfolios until the fall of the Fadden government in October 1941. In opposition he served as chairman of the Joint Committee on Social Security in 1943 and 1944.
Personal life
Stewart's first wife died in 1943 and in 1945 he married Hilda Marjorie Evelyn Dixon. He was a noted philanthropist following his retirement from parliament. He died at the Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, survived by his wife and three daughters and two sons from his first marriage.
References
Members of the Cabinet of Australia
Australian ministers for Foreign Affairs
Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Parramatta
Members of the Australian House of Representatives
Australian Knights Bachelor
1884 births
1961 deaths
United Australia Party members of the Parliament of Australia
Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Australia
20th-century Australian politicians
Australian Ministers for Health | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick%20Stewart%20%28Australian%20politician%29 |
Zhang Xu (, fl. 8th century), courtesy name Bogao (), was a Chinese calligrapher and poet of the Tang dynasty.
A native of Suzhou, he became an official during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang. Zhang was known as one of the Eight Immortals of the Wine Cup. Legend has it that whenever he was drunk, he would use his hair as brush to perform his art, and upon his waking up, he would be amazed by the quality of those works but failed to produce them again in his sober state.
Though more well known for his explosive cursive script, he excelled in the regular script. There is an anecdote that says he grasped the essence of cursive writing by observing some porters fight for their way with the guard of honor of some princess, and by watching the solo performance of a famous sword-dancer named Lady Gongsun (). He was known as 草聖 (the Divine Cursive-writer) for his great skill in the cursive script.
Under the excitement of art (and wine), he became oblivious of social expectations, and would often fling off his cap in the presence of princes and nobles. Hence he came to be known as 張顛 (Zhang the Madman). He is often paired with the younger Huaisu as the two greatest cursive calligraphers of the Tang dynasty. The duo is affectionately referred to as "the crazy Zhang and the drunk Su" ().
One of Zhang Xu's poems was included in the poetry anthology Three Hundred Tang Poems.
References
Zhu, Guantian, "Zhang Xu". Encyclopedia of China (Arts Edition), 1st ed.
External links
Zhang Xu and his Calligraphy Gallery at China Online Museum
Book 117 of the Quan Tangshi (which includes collected poems by Zhang Xu) in the Chinese Text Project
Three Hundred Tang Poems poets
Tang dynasty calligraphers
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown
Artists from Suzhou
Writers from Suzhou
8th-century Chinese poets
Poets from Jiangsu
8th-century Chinese calligraphers | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang%20Xu |
Libkov is a municipality and village in Chrudim District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 80 inhabitants.
References
External links
Villages in Chrudim District | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libkov%20%28Chrudim%20District%29 |
Centennial Arboretum (27 acres) is an arboretum located at the Horticulture Center, Fairmount Park, at the southeast corner of Belmont and Montgomery Drives, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is open daily without charge.
The arboretum contains specimen trees and shrubs from Asia, Europe, and North America. Many were planted in 1876 for the American Centennial Exposition. Nearby is the traditional-style Shofuso Japanese House and Garden brought to Philadelphia in 1957.
The Centennial Arboretum is the location of the Subaru Cherry Blossom Festival of Greater Philadelphia, a Japanese matsuri or celebration of spring produced by the Japan America Society of Greater Philadelphia.
See also
List of botanical gardens in the United States
External links
Horticulture Center, Fairmount Park, Philadelphia
Arboreta in Pennsylvania
Botanical gardens in Pennsylvania
Parks in Philadelphia
Centennial Exposition
West Fairmount Park
West Philadelphia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centennial%20Arboretum |
A sister is a woman or a girl who shares parents or a parent with another individual; a female sibling. The male counterpart is a brother. Although the term typically refers to a familial relationship, it is sometimes used endearingly to refer to non-familial relationships. A full sister is a first-degree relative.
Overview
The English word sister comes from Old Norse which itself derives from Proto-Germanic *swestēr, both of which have the same meaning, i.e. sister. Some studies have found that sisters display more traits indicating jealousy around their siblings than their male counterparts, brothers. In some cultures, sisters are afforded a role of being under the protection by male siblings, especially older brothers, from issues ranging from bullies or sexual advances by womanizers. In some quarters, the term sister has gradually broadened its colloquial meaning to include individuals stipulating kinship. In response, in order to avoid equivocation, some publishers prefer the usage of female sibling over sister. Males with a twin sister sometimes view her as their female alter ego, or what they would have been like if they had two X chromosomes. A study in Perth, Australia found that girls having only youngers brothers resulted in a chastity effect: losing their virginity on average more than a year later than average. This has been hypothesized as being attributed to the pheromones in their brothers' sweat and household-related errands.
Sororal relationships
Various studies have shown that older sisters are likely to give a varied gender role to their younger siblings, as well as being more likely to develop a close bond with their younger siblings. Older sisters are more likely to play with their younger siblings. Younger siblings display a more needy behavior when in close proximity to their older sister and are more likely to be tolerant of an older sister's bad behavior. Boys with only an older sister are more likely to display stereotypically male behavior, and such masculine boys increased their masculine behavior with the more sisters they have. The reverse is true for young boys with several sisters, as they tend to be feminine, however, they outgrow this by the time they approach pubescence. Boys with older sisters were less likely to be delinquent or have emotional and behavioral disorders. A younger sister is less likely to be scolded by older siblings than a younger brother. The most common recreational activity between older brother/younger sister pairs is art drawing. Some studies also found a correlation between having an older sister and constructive discussions about safe sexual practices. Some studies have shown that men without sisters are more likely to be ineffectual at courtship and romantic relationships.
Fictional works about sisters
Films
What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? (1962)
Hannah and Her Sisters (1986)
Hanging Up (2000)
Frozen (2013)
Little Women (2019)
Literature
Little Women by Louisa May Alcott
Laura Lee Hope's Bobbsey Twins novels, which included two sets of fraternal twins: 12-year-old Nan and Bert, and six-year-old Flossie and Freddie
In Her Shoes (2002), by Jennifer Weiner
Television
Hope & Faith, American sitcom
Sisters
What I Like About You
Sister, Sister
Games
Jessica & Zofia Blazkowicz, Wolfenstein: Youngblood
Mileena & Kitana, Mortal Kombat
Kat and Ana, WarioWare
See also
Brother
Sisterhood (disambiguation)
Religious sister
References
External links
Kinship and descent
Terms for women | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sister |
The range of area codes 500-599 is currently reserved for the states of Mexico and Hidalgo.
(For other areas, see Area codes in Mexico by code).
5 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area%20codes%20in%20Mexico%20by%20code%20%28500-599%29 |
The Masamune-Bergman cyclization or Masamune-Bergman reaction or Masamune-Bergman cycloaromatization is an organic reaction and more specifically a rearrangement reaction taking place when an enediyne is heated in presence of a suitable hydrogen donor (Scheme 1). It is the most famous and well-studied member of the general class of cycloaromatization reactions. It is named for Japanese-American chemist Satoru Masamune (b. 1928) and American chemist Robert G. Bergman (b. 1942). The reaction product is a derivative of benzene.
The reaction proceeds by a thermal reaction or pyrolysis (above 200 °C) forming a short-lived and very reactive para-benzyne biradical species. It will react with any hydrogen donor such as 1,4-cyclohexadiene which converts to benzene. When quenched by tetrachloromethane the reaction product is a 1,4-dichlorobenzene and with methanol the reaction product is benzyl alcohol.
When the enyne moiety is incorporated into a 10-membered hydrocarbon ring (e.g. cyclodeca-3-ene-1,5-diyne in scheme 2) the reaction, taking advantage of increased ring strain in the reactant, is possible at the much lower temperature of 37 °C.
Naturally occurring compounds such as calicheamicin contain the same 10-membered ring and are found to be cytotoxic. These compounds generate the diradical intermediate described above which can cause single and double stranded DNA cuts. There are novel drugs which attempt to make use of this property, including monoclonal antibodies such as mylotarg.
A biradical mechanism is also proposed for the formation of certain biomolecules found in marine sporolides that have a chlorobenzene unit as part of their structure. In this mechanism a halide salt provides the halogen. A model reaction with the enediyene cyclodeca-1,5-diyn-3-ene, lithium bromide as halogen source and acetic acid as hydrogen source in DMSO at 37 °C supports the theory:
The reaction is found to be first-order in enediyne with the formation of p-benzyne A as the rate-limiting step. The halide ion then donates its two electrons in the formation of a new Br-C bond and radical electron involved is believed to shuttle over a transient C1-C4 bond forming the anion intermediate B. The anion is a powerful base, stripping protons even from DMSO to final product. The dibromide or dihydrogen product (tetralin) never form.
In 2015 IBM scientists demonstrated that a reversible Masamune-Bergman cyclisation of diyne can be induced by a tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM). They also recorded images of individual diyne molecules during this process. When learning about this direct experimental demonstration Bergman commented, "When we first reported this reaction I had no idea that it would be biologically relevant, or that the reaction could someday be visualized at the molecular level.
References
External links
Bergman Cycloaromatization Powerpoint Whitney M. Erwin 2002
Rearrangement reactions
Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions
Name reactions
Enediynes | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bergman%20cyclization |
USS Joseph E. Campbell (DE-70/APD-49 ), a of the United States Navy, was named in honor of Ensign Joseph Eugene Campbell (1919–1942), who was killed in action while engaging the enemy on 9 August 1942.
Joseph E. Campbell was laid down on 29 March 1943 at the Bethlehem Hingham Shipyard; launched on 26 June 1943, sponsored by Mrs. Marie S. Campbell, mother of Ensign Campbell; and commissioned on 23 September 1943.
Service history
After shakedown off Bermuda, Joseph E. Campbell departed Boston, Massachusetts, on 11 October; and, after escorting a convoy to Derry, Northern Ireland, returned to New York on 16 December. Between 31 December 1943 and 8 October 1944, the destroyer escort made three convoy escort voyages to French North Africa.
Returning to New York from the last voyage on 8 October, conversion to a Charles Lawrence-class high speed transport began at Tompkinsville, Staten Island Naval Base, and Joseph E. Campbell was reclassified APD-49 on 24 November 1944. After exercises and training along the East Coast, the high speed transport departed Key West on 8 March 1945, arriving at Pearl Harbor on 8 April via the Panama Canal and San Diego. Departing Pearl Harbor on 29 April, she steamed to Eniwetok, where she rendezvoused with two merchant ships and escorted them to Leyte.
For the next three months Joseph E. Campbell served as anti-submarine screen for LST groups in and out of Okinawa. On 1 September, she departed Cebu Island, as part of the screen for occupation forces for Japan, where she arrived eight days later. Joseph E. Campbell continued her escort duties between Japan and the Philippines until returning to the East Coast in December. After visiting Philadelphia and Norfolk, Virginia, she steamed to Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and San Juan, Puerto Rico, where she embarked passengers and returned to Morehead City, North Carolina, on 31 March 1946.
After visits to Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Hampton Roads, Joseph E. Campbell arrived at Charleston, South Carolina, on 22 May for inactivation. Secured for preservation, she was towed to Green Cove Springs, Florida, where she was decommissioned on 15 November 1946, and joined the Atlantic Reserve Fleet at Orange, Texas. Joseph E. Campbell was struck from the Navy List on 1 December 1966 after being sold to Chile in November 1966 and renamed Riquelme.
In Chilean service
Sources differ as to the service of Riquelme in the Chilean Navy. While some sources state that Riquelme was an operational commissioned unit from 1966 until 1973, when she was used as a source of spare parts for her three sister ships; Serrano (APD-26) (ex-), Orella (APD-27) (ex-), and Virgilio Uribe (APD-29) (ex-), other sources claim that Riqulme was never an operational vessel in the Chilean Navy, being only used as a spares source.
Awards
Joseph E. Campbell received one battle star for World War II service.
References
External links
Buckley-class destroyer escorts
Charles Lawrence-class high speed transports
Ships built in Hingham, Massachusetts
1943 ships
World War II frigates and destroyer escorts of the United States
World War II amphibious warfare vessels of the United States
Buckley-class destroyer escorts of the Chilean Navy | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20Joseph%20E.%20Campbell |
Liboměřice is a municipality and village in Chrudim District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
Administrative parts
Villages of Nové Lhotice, Pohořalka and Samařov are administrative parts of Liboměřice.
References
External links
Villages in Chrudim District | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libom%C4%9B%C5%99ice |
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