source stringlengths 32 209 | text stringlengths 18 1.5k |
|---|---|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natal%20sand%20frog | The Natal sand frog (Tomopterna natalensis) is a species of frog in the family Pyxicephalidae.
It is found in Mozambique, South Africa, and Eswatini, and possibly Botswana, Lesotho, and Zimbabwe. Its natural habitats are dry savanna, moist savanna, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, temperate grassland, subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland, subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, rivers, intermittent rivers, swamps, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, arable land, pastureland, and ponds.
References
Tomopterna
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Amphibians described in 1849 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tandy%27s%20sand%20frog | Tandy's sand frog (Tomopterna tandyi) is a species of frog in the family Pyxicephalidae. It is found in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, and south-western Angola, and from inland Tanzania and Kenya. It probably occurs more widely within and between these two disjunct areas. The specific name tandyi honours Robert Mills Tandy, an American biologist, herpetologist, and photographer and the collector of the type material.
Systematics
This species is a tetraploid that probably originated as a hybrid between Tomopterna cryptotis and Tomopterna delalandii. It is not possible to distinguish it morphologically from these two species, and many distributional records do not separate between T. tandyi and T. cryptotis.
Description
The holotype, an adult male, measures in snout–vent length. The tympanum is visible. The fingers have no webbing whereas the toes are partially webbed. The dorsum has patches of grey or olive on lighter background. The dorsal warts are reddish brown with black marks. Many individuals have a dark interocular bar.
The male advertisement call is a series of continuously repeated notes. The call rate is about 7–8 notes per second and the emphasized frequency about 2700–2800 Hz. The call is distinct from T. delalandii and T. cryptotis.
Habitat and conservation
Tandy's sand frog occurs in dry savanna, bush land, and grassland at elevations below . It can often be found in agricultural areas and is associated with loose sandy soils where pans form. Breeding take |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rough%20sand%20frog | The rough sand frog (Tomopterna tuberculosa) is a species of frog in the family Pyxicephalidae.
It is found in Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Namibia, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, and possibly Malawi and Mozambique.
Its natural habitats are dry savanna, moist savanna, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marshes.
References
Tomopterna
Amphibians described in 1882
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Smyrna%20Beach%20Municipal%20Airport | New Smyrna Beach Municipal Airport , also known as Jack Bolt Field, is a public airport located three miles (5 km) northwest of the central business district of New Smyrna Beach, a city in Volusia County, Florida, United States. It is owned by the City of New Smyrna Beach.
This airport is assigned a three-letter location identifier of EVB by the Federal Aviation Administration, but it does not have an International Air Transport Association (IATA) airport code.
History
Prior to World War II, the present airport site was home to both a golf course and a grass airstrip. In 1942, the site was taken over by the U.S. Navy and the present paved runway complex constructed. Designated as Navy Outlying Field New Smyrna Beach, it operated as an auxiliary field to advanced naval flight training operations being conducted at nearby Naval Air Station Daytona Beach, Naval Air Station Sanford and Naval Air Station DeLand. In 1947, NOLF New Smyrna Beach was decommissioned and the facility conveyed back to the City of New Smryna Beach for use as a civilian airport.
As a Navy airfield, the facility originally incorporated four intersecting asphalt runways. Although all paved areas remain, only three of the runways remain operational today. Prior to 2004, the airport was an uncontrolled facility. In October 2004, a Level I contract control at the airport became operational, changing the airport's status to that of a controlled field. Today the airport serves the needs of charter airlines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachykinin%20receptor%201 | The tachykinin receptor 1 (TACR1) also known as neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) or substance P receptor (SPR) is a G protein coupled receptor found in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The endogenous ligand for this receptor is Substance P, although it has some affinity for other tachykinins. The protein is the product of the TACR1 gene.
Properties
Tachykinins are a family of neuropeptides that share the same hydrophobic C-terminal region with the amino acid sequence Phe-X-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2, where X represents a hydrophobic residue that is either an aromatic or a beta-branched aliphatic. The N-terminal region varies between different tachykinins. The term tachykinin originates in the rapid onset of action caused by the peptides in smooth muscles. Substance P (SP) is the most researched and potent member of the tachykinin family. It is an undecapeptide with the amino acid sequence Arg-Pro-Lys-Pro-Gln-Gln-Phe-Phe-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2. SP binds to all three of the tachykinin receptors, but it binds most strongly to the NK1 receptor.
Tachykinin NK1 receptor consists of 407 amino acid residues, and it has a molecular weight of 58,000. NK1 receptor, as well as the other tachykinin receptors, is made of seven hydrophobic transmembrane (TM) domains with three extracellular and three intracellular loops, an amino-terminus and a cytoplasmic carboxy-terminus. The loops have functional sites, including two cysteines amino acids for a disulfide bridge, Asp-Arg-Tyr, whic |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerium%20oxalate | Cerium(III) oxalate (cerous oxalate) is the inorganic cerium salt of oxalic acid. It is a white crystalline solid with the chemical formula of Ce2(C2O4)3. It could be obtained by the reaction of oxalic acid with cerium(III) chloride.
Uses
Cerium(III) oxalate is used as an antiemetic. It has been identified as part of the invisible ink that was used by Stasi operatives during the Cold War.
Toxicity
Cerium(III) oxalate irritates skin and mucous membranes, and is a strong irritant to eyes. If it gets into the eyes, there is a danger of severe eye injury.
Cerium salts increase the blood coagulation rate, and exposure to cerium salts can cause sensitivity to heat.
Oxalates are corrosive to tissue and are powerful irritants. They have a caustic effect on the linings of the digestive tracts and can cause kidney damage.
References
Cerium(III) compounds
Oxalates
Antiemetics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calfskin | Calfskin or calf leather is a leather or membrane produced from the hide of a calf, or juvenile domestic cattle. Calfskin is particularly valuable because of its softness and fine grain, as well as durability. It is commonly used for high-quality clothing, shoes, wallets, and similar products, as well as traditional leather bookbindings. In these contexts, just "calf" is commonly used. Fine calfskin is one of the skins used for vellum and parchment manuscripts.
In Spanish, the word is Ternera/Novillo, referring to leather from animals less than three years old. Chickenskin, despite its name, is a form of calfskin made using the skin of unborn calves.
In fashion, soft finished calfskin is sometimes described as veau velours (French for "velvet calf").
See also
Goldbeater's skin, made from the intestine of a calf
Sheepskin (material)
References
Leathermaking
Hides (skin)
Leather
Cattle products |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catechol-O-methyltransferase%20inhibitor | A catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor is a drug that inhibits the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase. This enzyme methylates catecholamines such as dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine. It also methylates levodopa. COMT inhibitors are indicated for the treatment of Parkinson's disease in combination with levodopa and an aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor (e.g. carbidopa or benserazide). The therapeutic benefit of using a COMT inhibitor is based on its ability to prevent the methylation of levodopa to 3-O-methyldopa, thus increasing the bioavailability of levodopa. COMT inhibitors significantly decrease off time in people with Parkinson's disease also taking carbidopa/levodopa.
List of COMT inhibitors
entacapone (Comtan, Comtess, Stalevo)
nebicapone
nitecapone
opicapone (Ongentys)
tolcapone (Tasmar)
Entacapone and opicapone are peripheral inhibitors, unable to cross the blood-brain barrier. Tolcapone is able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Tolcapone has been associated with at least three fatal cases of acute liver failure and is thus only rarely prescribed. Patients taking tolcapone must be monitored for hepatic failure. Entacapone and opicapone have not been associated with hepatotoxicity.
Adverse effects
nausea
orthostatic hypotension
vivid dreams
confusion
hallucinations
hepatotoxicity (only tolcapone)
diarrhea
drowsiness
urine discoloration
dyskinesia
See also
Medication Management of Parkinson's disease
catechol-O-methy |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulophone | A hydraulophone is a tonal acoustic musical instrument played by direct physical contact with water (sometimes other fluids) where sound is generated or affected hydraulically. The hydraulophone was described and named by Steve Mann in 2005, and patented in 2011. Typically, sound is produced by the same hydraulic fluid in contact with the player's fingers. It has been used as a sensory exploration device for low-vision individuals.
Types and basic operation
The term may be applied based on the interface used to play the instrument, in which a player blocks the flow of water through a particular hole in order to sound a particular note, or based on a hydraulic sound production mechanism. Hydraulophones use water-flow sound-producing mechanisms. They have a user interface, which is blocking water jets to produce sound. Those described in Mann's paper Hydraulophone design considerations use water jets striking perforated spinning disks, shafts, or valves, to create a pulsating water flow, similar to a siren disk. A single disk, shaft, or valve assembly can have rings or passages with different numbers of holes for different notes. Some hydraulophones have reeds (one or more reeds for each finger hole) and some are reedless, having one or more fipple mechanisms associated with each finger hole, thus having no moving parts to wear out.
Blocking flow through a finger hole directs the water instead to one or more of the above-described sound-production mechanisms, or resulting |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein-bound%20paclitaxel | Protein-bound paclitaxel, also known as nanoparticle albumin–bound paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel, is an injectable formulation of paclitaxel used to treat breast cancer, lung cancer and pancreatic cancer, among others. Paclitaxel kills cancer cells by preventing the normal breakdown of microtubules during cell division. In this formulation, paclitaxel is bonded to albumin as a delivery vehicle. It is manufactured and sold in the United States by Celgene under the trade name Abraxane where it is designated as an orphan drug as first-line treatment, in combination with gemcitabine, for the orphan disease "metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas".
This treatment was approved in the United States in 2005, and the European Union in 2008, for breast cancer cases where cancer did not respond to other chemotherapy or has relapsed. In 2012, the FDA widened the approved uses to include treatment for NSCLC. In 2013, the FDA approved protein-bound paclitaxel for use in treating advanced pancreatic cancer as a less toxic (although less effective) alternative to FOLFIRINOX.
Society and culture
Abraxane is registered on the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods for the treatment of metastatic carcinoma of the breast after failure of anthracycline therapy. Abraxane is also included on the Schedule of the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme although the manufacturer was unable to convince the independent Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee that the drug warranted a higher |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurozw%C4%99ki | Kurozwęki is a village in the district of Gmina Staszów, within Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies on the Czarna Staszowska river, in the historic province of Lesser Poland, approximately north-west of Staszów and south-east of the regional capital Kielce.
The village's history dates back to the 13th century. It had city rights from before 1400 to 1870. It has several tourist attractions, including a 14th-century palace, open for visitors, with a bison farm nearby, and a 15th-century church.
Some time in the mid 14th century, local knight Dobiesław of Kurozwęki built here a castle, which became the seat of the Kurozwęcki noble family (see szlachta). At first the castle was of defensive character, but in the course of the time it was remodeled several times. It is not known when exactly Kurozwęki received town charter, most probably it happened before the year 1400. The town belonged to several families – the Kurozwęcki, the Lanckoroński, the Potocki and the Popiel. In the 17th century, when Kurozwęki belonged to Lesser Poland's Sandomierz Voivodeship, it was one of the centers of Protestant Reformation, especially Calvinism. In 1870, the government of Russian-controlled Congress Poland (see Partitions of Poland) deprived it of the town charter.
Demography
According to the 2002 Poland census, there were 844 people residing in Kurozwęki village, of whom 44.5% were male and 55.5% were female. In the village, the population was sp |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Best%20of%20Crystal%20Waters | The Best of Crystal Waters is the first official compilation of Crystal Waters's music output. It was released on August 11, 1998, on Universal/Polygram. It includes most of the singles taken from her three full-length studio releases; Surprise (1991), Storyteller (1994) and Crystal Waters (1997). Also included are the non-LP tracks "The Boy from Ipanema" (an international single taken from the various artists Red Hot + Rio compilation) and "In De Ghetto" (a 1996 re-release of a 1994 Bad Yard Club single featuring then-new additional vocal contributions by Crystal Waters).
Controversially, The Best of Crystal Waters release features all but one of the singles in original LP version form instead of the often dramatically different single remixes. Minor hits "Surprise" and "Relax" suffer most from this oversight, but this also affects all three of her Billboard Hot 100 Top 40 hit singles ("Gypsy Woman", "100% Pure Love" and "Say...If You Feel Alright") which were radio and video hits with alternate edited and subtly remixed versions not included on this compilation.
In Brazil this compilation includes "Love I Found" and "Twisted", and "Gypsy Woman" ('98 Remix) is not a hidden track.
The album has sold over 100,000 copies worldwide.
Track listing
International edition
"Gypsy Woman" (Radio Mix) – 3:48
"100% Pure Love" (Storyteller LP version) – 4:38
"Say... If You Feel Alright" (Crystal Waters LP version) – 3:55
"In de Ghetto" (1996 Radio Mix) – 3:26
"Makin' Happy" (Hurley' |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amyloid%20%28disambiguation%29 | An amyloid is any of certain insoluble fibrous protein aggregates.
Amyloid may also refer to:
Amyloid (mycology), a chemical reaction used in characterization of fungi
Amyloid (journal), the Amyloid: the Journal of Protein Folding Disorders peer-reviewed scientific journal
See also
Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED), a display technology
Amyl (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20Z152/R70/R12 | In molecular biology, Small nucleolar RNA Z152 (homologous to R70 and R12) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.
snoRNA Z152 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.
Plant snoRNA Z152 was identified in screens of Oryza sativa and Arabidopsis thaliana.
References
External links
Small nuclear RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strain%E2%80%93encoded%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging | Strain–encoded magnetic resonance imaging (SENC-MRI) is a magnetic resonance imaging technique for imaging the strain of deforming tissue. It is undergoing testing to diagnose some heart diseases, particularly congenital right ventricle dysfunctions, which are difficult to diagnose. It is an improvement on magnetic resonance elastography in that it has a faster imaging time, and less post-processing time, to turn the acquired data into a useful image.
To use the technique, the gradient coils in the MRI equipment need to be driven with special pulse sequences, designed for specific tissues, that "tags" deformation of the tissue, such that tissue that deforms more is brighter, or darker, as needed. Using a baseline measurement of normal deformation, the measurements can show unusual amounts of pressure a tissue is exposed to, or indicate that the tissue is unusually stiff or flexible, in either case potentially revealing a pathology.
Inventors of the technique, Nael Osman and Jerry Prince, co-founded a company called DiagnoSoft to get regulatory approval for software enabling this technique and others from their academic lab, and make them available to doctors and patients.
See also
Harmonic phase (HARP) algorithm
References
Cardiac imaging
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medical imaging |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amir%20Alam%20Khan | Amir Alam Khan (born 2 October 1958) is an Indian politician. He has served as MLA from Thanabhawan and Morna seat in the UP state assembly.
He was a former Member of Parliament from Uttar Pradesh.
Personal life
His son, Nawazish Alam Khan, was a Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) from Budhana assembly in the district Muzaffarnagar from 2012 to 2017.
Khan is currently in Ajit Singh's Rashtriya Lok Dal.
References
|-
Samajwadi Party politicians
Rajya Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh
Living people
Uttar Pradesh MLAs 2012–2017
India MPs 1999–2004
Lok Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh
People from Muzaffarnagar district
Rashtriya Lok Dal politicians
Bahujan Samaj Party politicians
Samajwadi Party politicians from Uttar Pradesh
1958 births |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois%20Proth | François Proth (22 March 1852 – 21 January 1879) was a French self-taught mathematician farmer who lived in Vaux-devant-Damloup near Verdun, France.
He stated four primality-related theorems. The most famous of these, Proth's theorem, can be used to test whether a Proth number (a number of the form k2n + 1 with k odd and k < 2n) is prime. The numbers passing this test are called Proth primes; they continue to be of importance in the computational search for large prime numbers.
Proth also formulated Gilbreath's conjecture on successive differences of primes, 80 years prior to Gilbreath, but his proof of the conjecture turned out to be erroneous.
The cause of Proth's death is not known.
Publications
.
.
.
.
References
1852 births
1879 deaths
19th-century French mathematicians |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South%20American%20tern | The South American tern (Sterna hirundinacea) is a species of tern found in coastal regions of southern South America, including the Falkland Islands, ranging north to Peru (Pacific coast) and Brazil (Atlantic coast). It is generally the most common tern in its range. The smaller, highly migratory common tern closely resembles it. The specific epithet refers to the "swallow-like" forked tail feathering.
Description
With adult South American terns reaching a length of , they are larger than either common terns (Sterna hirundo) or Arctic terns (Sterna paradisaea). Otherwise they closely resemble these species in plumage at all times of year. The beak is larger and is red in adults, and they do not have a dark-coloured bar on the carpus of the wing. The black cap extends below the eye, usually separated from it by a white crescent, and the rear edge of the cap is neatly defined. Juveniles have boldly-barred, dusky, upper parts, and retain their barred tertials into their immature plumage, which differentiates them from common and Arctic tern immatures.
Distribution
This tern is found around the coasts of the southern half of South America. Its breeding range extends on the Atlantic coast from east central Brazil southwards through Argentina and the Falkland Islands to Tierra del Fuego. On the Pacific coast it breeds in southern Peru and Chile. In the winter, birds from the southern end of the range migrate northwards to Ecuador, Uruguay and Southern Brazil.
Behaviour
The Sou |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White-cheeked%20tern | The white-cheeked tern (Sterna repressa) is a species of tern in the family Laridae.
It is found around the coasts on the Red Sea, around the Horn of Africa to Kenya, in the Persian Gulf and along the Iranian coast to Pakistan and western India.
Behaviour
Most of this species is migratory, although those in East Africa may remain there all year. It breeds in colonies of 10–200 pairs. These colonies can consist of a mixture of tern species.
Habitat
The species inhabits tropical coasts and inshore waters, foraging mainly within of land over coral reefs. Its nest is a shallow scrape on rock, sand, gravel or coral islands, bare and exposed sandflats and sparsely vegetated open ground on sand-dunes and above the high-water mark on beaches.
Diet
Its diet consists of invertebrates and small fish.
References
white-cheeked tern
Birds of East Africa
Birds of the Middle East
white-cheeked tern
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snowy-crowned%20tern | The snowy-crowned tern (Sterna trudeaui), also known as Trudeau's tern, is a species of bird in subfamily Sterninae of the family Laridae, the gulls, terns, and skimmers. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, and possibly Paraguay, and also as a vagrant to Peru and the Falkland Islands,.
Taxonomy and systematics
Some genetic data indicate that the snowy-crowned tern and several other closely related terns belong in a genus separate from Sterna. At the least, the snowy-crowned and Forster's tern (S. forsteri) are sister species. The snowy-crowned tern is monotypic.
The snowy-crowned tern was first described by the American ornithologist John James Audubon in 1838. He had been sent a specimen by his friend Dr. James de Berty Trudeau (1817–1887) of Louisiana, who had reportedly found several of the terns at Great Egg Harbor Bay, New Jersey. Audubon named the bird in his honor.
Description
The snowy-crowned tern is long with a wingspan of and weighs . It has a rather blocky head, a thick neck, long wings, and a forked tail. The sexes have the same plumage. Adults in breeding plumage have a white head and neck with a black band through the eye. Their upperparts are pale gray with a whitish rump and uppertail coverts. Their underparts are grayish white. Their upperwing is pale gray with silvery primaries and the underwing is white. Their iris is brown and their bill orange with a yellow tip and a black band separating the colors. Their legs and feet are reddish o |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Todd%20Alcott | Todd Alcott (born October 22, 1961) is an American screenwriter, playwright, actor, and director. He was born in Crystal Lake, Illinois.
Filmography
Writer
1996 : Just Your Luck
1998 : Antz
1999 : Curtain Call
2000 : CyberWorld ("Antz" segment and story)
2001 : Valentine (uncredited rewrite)
2003 : Grasshopper (short)
2007 : Enchanted (uncredited rewrite)
Actor
1991 : Thrill Kill Video Club
1993 : Six Degrees of Separation as Concertgoer
1994 : The Hudsucker Proxy as Mailroom Screamer
Director
2003 : Grasshopper
2008: The Bentfootes
2014: The Occupants
References
External links
http://www.toddalcott.com/
American male screenwriters
American male film actors
People from Crystal Lake, Illinois
Male actors from Illinois
1961 births
Living people
Film directors from Illinois
Screenwriters from Illinois |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algific%20talus%20slope | Algific talus slopes comprise a very rare, fragile ecosystem and habitat initially believed to exist only in the Driftless Area of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, and especially, Iowa. More recently, other algific talus slopes have been identified in the Allegheny Mountains of West Virginia. It has been suggested that close comparison with similar sites worldwide may enlarge the distribution, or that the term may become restricted to the flora and fauna characteristic of these zones within the Driftless Area.
Description
Algific means "cold producing" while "talus slope" refers to a collection of talus or broken rock which rests near the surface it detached from. A related term is maderate cliff, which is an algific slope lacking talus. They were first described in the early 1980s. These ecosystems can only exist in regions displaying karst topography.
Algific talus slopes are found mainly on north-facing slopes of ridges and canyons and are characterized by crumbly, heavily fissured, and porous exposed bedrock, with an overburden of talus remaining in situ from where it detached from its underlying bedrock; it may also display scree, which is talus finding its narrowest angle of repose down-canyon. This is a "unique system involving ridgetop sinkholes and subterranean ice caves; this system also supports Maderate Cliffs." The valleys in which they occur tend to be very steep, and often have dense forest cover.
Climate
In summer, the cooler talus-covered slopes power an ai |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fischer%27s%20greenbul | {{speciesbox
| image = Naturalis Biodiversity Center - RMNH.AVES.37520 1 - Phyllastrephus fischeri placidus (Shelley, 1889) - Pycnonotidae - bird skin specimen.jpeg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref =
| genus = Phyllastrephus
| species = fischeri
| authority = (Reichenow, 1879)
| range_map = Phyllastrephus fischeri distribution map.png
| synonyms = * Criniger Fischeri
Phyllastrephus alfredi itoculo}}
Fischer's greenbul (Phyllastrephus fischeri) is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae.
It is found in eastern Africa from southern Somalia to north-eastern Mozambique.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, and subtropical or tropical moist shrubland.
Taxonomy and systematics
Fischer's greenbul was originally described in the genus Criniger''. Formerly, some authorities have considered it as a subspecies of Sharpe's greenbul and some have also considered Cabanis's greenbul and the placid greenbul to be subspecies of Fischer's greenbul.
The common name and scientific name commemorate the German explorer Gustav Fischer. Alternate names for Fischer's greenbul include the East Coast olive greenbul and Fischer's bulbul.
References
Phyllastrephus
Greenbuls
Birds of East Africa
Birds described in 1879
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-elliptic%20operator | In mathematics — specifically, in the theory of partial differential equations — a semi-elliptic operator is a partial differential operator satisfying a positivity condition slightly weaker than that of being an elliptic operator. Every elliptic operator is also semi-elliptic, and semi-elliptic operators share many of the nice properties of elliptic operators: for example, much of the same existence and uniqueness theory is applicable, and semi-elliptic Dirichlet problems can be solved using the methods of stochastic analysis.
Definition
A second-order partial differential operator P defined on an open subset Ω of n-dimensional Euclidean space Rn, acting on suitable functions f by
is said to be semi-elliptic if all the eigenvalues λi(x), 1 ≤ i ≤ n, of the matrix a(x) = (aij(x)) are non-negative. (By way of contrast, P is said to be elliptic if λi(x) > 0 for all x ∈ Ω and 1 ≤ i ≤ n, and uniformly elliptic if the eigenvalues are uniformly bounded away from zero, uniformly in i and x.) Equivalently, P is semi-elliptic if the matrix a(x) is positive semi-definite for each x ∈ Ω.
References
(See Section 9)
Differential operators
Partial differential equations |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor%20International | Semiconductor International () was a trade publication and web site owned by Reed Business Information serving the information needs of manufacturers of semiconductors and integrated circuits.
The editor-in-chief was Pete Singer.
Established in 1978, Semiconductor International was published monthly. Regular news and feature articles covered topics including Wafer Processing, Lithography, Yield Management, Metrology, Semiconductor Packaging and Wafer Cleaning.
Semiconductor International broadcast technology webcasts each month coinciding with the print cover story for that month. In December, they broadcast an additional industry forecast webcast. Other webcasts were added to the lineup as the need arises.
As of December 2006, total BPA audited circulation was 42,500 subscribers. The issue published on April 30, 2010 was the last issue of the magazine.
References
BPA Worldwide
External links
Semiconductor International website
Business magazines published in the United States
Monthly magazines published in the United States
Defunct magazines published in the United States
Engineering magazines
Magazines established in 1978
Magazines disestablished in 2010
Magazines published in Illinois
Professional and trade magazines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idursulfase | Idursulfase (brand name Elaprase), manufactured by Takeda, is a drug used to treat Hunter syndrome (also called MPS-II). It is a purified form of the lysosomal enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase and is produced by recombinant DNA technology in a human cell line.
It is one of the most expensive drugs ever produced, costing US$567,412 per patient per year.
References
External links
Orphan drugs |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feller-continuous%20process | In mathematics, a Feller-continuous process is a continuous-time stochastic process for which the expected value of suitable statistics of the process at a given time in the future depend continuously on the initial condition of the process. The concept is named after Croatian-American mathematician William Feller.
Definition
Let X : [0, +∞) × Ω → Rn, defined on a probability space (Ω, Σ, P), be a stochastic process. For a point x ∈ Rn, let Px denote the law of X given initial value X0 = x, and let Ex denote expectation with respect to Px. Then X is said to be a Feller-continuous process if, for any fixed t ≥ 0 and any bounded, continuous and Σ-measurable function g : Rn → R, Ex[g(Xt)] depends continuously upon x.
Examples
Every process X whose paths are almost surely constant for all time is a Feller-continuous process, since then Ex[g(Xt)] is simply g(x), which, by hypothesis, depends continuously upon x.
Every Itô diffusion with Lipschitz-continuous drift and diffusion coefficients is a Feller-continuous process.
See also
Continuous stochastic process
References
(See Lemma 8.1.4)
Stochastic processes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20Gayle%20Sings%20the%20Heart%20and%20Soul%20of%20Hoagy%20Carmichael | Crystal Gayle Sings the Heart and Soul of Hoagy Carmichael is Crystal Gayle’s tribute to the songwriter Hoagy Carmichael. It was released on November 2, 1999, on Intersound Records.
Track listing
Personnel
Crystal Gayle – vocals
Charles Cochran – acoustic piano
Jay Patten – rhythm guitars, music director
Jim Ferguson – acoustic bass
Jim White – drums
Eric Darken – percussion
Willie Nelson – vocals (8)
Orchestra
Jeffrey Steinberg – arrangements and conductor
Carl Gorodetzky – string concertmaster
Horns and Woodwinds
Jay Patten – alto saxophone
Denis Solee – tenor saxophone, clarinet
Robbie Shankle – clarinet
Ann Richards – flute
Bobby Taylor – oboe
Dennis Good – trombone
George Tidwell – trumpet
Jennifer Kummer – French horn
Strings
John Catchings, Anthony LaMarchina, Bob Mason and Julie Tanner – cello
Liz Stewart – double bass
Monisa Angell, Bruce Christensen, Chris Farrell, Jim Grosjean, Dede Jacobs and Gary Vanosdale – viola
David Angell, Janet Askey, David Davidson, Conni Ellisor, Carl Gorodetzky, Gerald Greer, Cate Myer, Pamela Sixfin, Alan Umstead, Cathy Umstead, Mary Kathryn Vanosdale, and Carrie Wann – violin
Production
Crystal Gayle – producer
Eric Prestidge – recording, mixing, mastering
Denny Purcell – mastering
Georgetown Masters (Nashville, Tennessee) – mastering location
Ron Keith – photography
Bill Gatzimos – liner notes, management
Crystal Gayle albums
1999 albums
Tribute albums
Albums produced by Crystal Gayle |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Crystal%20Frontier | The Crystal Frontier () is a 1995 novel written by Mexican writer Carlos Fuentes. The title can also be translated as "The Glass Border". An English translation was published in 1997.
Basic plot
A series of short stories which explores relationships between people of Mexico and the United States. There are many connections between the stories, such as characters that appear in multiple stories (the most prominent of which is the wealthy Mexican businessman, Leonardo Barroso). A major, recurring theme in the text is that large parts of the USA were once part of Mexico, all the way from California to Texas, and so the Mexican people feel a special connection with that area. Another important idea is that both countries depend on each other for trade and culture, and many people divide their time and their lives between both sides of the border.
In the second story a Mexican student goes to medical school in New York state, where he finds that people there know nothing about the conditions in Mexico, but feel ready to make judgments.
Index
The novel is made up of nine short stories, which take place on both sides of the Rio Grande/Río Bravo. The stories are:
La capitalina (translated as "A Capital Girl")
La pena (translated as "Pain")
El despojo (translated as "Spoils")
La raya del olvido (translated as "The Line of Oblivion")
Malintzin de las maquilas (translated as "Malintzin of the Maquilas")
Las amigas (translated as "The Friends")
La frontera de cristal (transla |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount%20Rothwell%20Biodiversity%20Interpretation%20Centre | Mount Rothwell Biodiversity Interpretation Centre is the largest feral-predator-free ecosystem in Victoria, Australia. It is located just north of the You Yangs, near the town of Little River.
The fenced 420-hectare site protects a large number of threatened species. It contains native carnivorous marsupials such as the eastern and spotted-tail quoll, the critically endangered southern brush-tailed rock wallaby, and the mainland's largest population of the now extinct (outside of our fences) eastern barred bandicoots.
History
The facility, originally called the "Little River Earth Sanctuary", was established by Earth Sanctuaries Limited, a publicly listed company founded by John Wamsley and his partner Proo Geddes, with conservation as its core role. The company bought a number of properties in South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria to advance Wamsley's idea of creating fully protected habitats for Australian native flora and fauna.
Earth Sanctuaries purchased the 1185-hectare Mount Rothwell property from the Chirnside family in March 2000, due to the presence of a 170-hectare remnant of old-growth grassy woodland. Long-nosed potoroos, southern brown bandicoots, rufous bettongs, red-bellied pademelons, eastern quolls and brush-tailed phascogales were reintroduced into their former habitat. The sanctuary opened to the public on 7 September 2002.
Earth Sanctuaries listed on the stock exchange in 2000, but Wamsley's dream of combining business with conservation quickl |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anurolimnas | Anurolimnas is a genus of birds that the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society and the Clements taxonomy apply to the chestnut-headed crake (A. castaneiceps), the russet-crowned crake (A. viridis), and the black-banded crake (A. fasciatus). The International Ornithological Committee assigns the first two species to genus Rufirallus and the black-banded to genus Laterallus. BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World also places the first two in Rufirallus but assigns the black-banded to genus Porzana.
References
Rallidae |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brivaracetam | Brivaracetam, sold under the brand name Briviact among others, is a chemical analog of levetiracetam, is a racetam derivative with anticonvulsant (antiepileptic) properties. It is marketed by the pharmaceutical company UCB.
It is available as a generic medication.
Medical uses
Brivaracetam is used to treat partial-onset seizures with or without secondary generalisation, in combination with other antiepileptic drugs. No data are available for its effectiveness and safety in people younger than 16 years of age.
Adverse effects
The most common adverse effects include sleepiness, dizziness, nausea and vomiting. More rarely, coordination problems and changes in behaviour (such as severe depression, aggression, hostility, impatience, rage, suicidal ideation, etc.) can occur.
No clinically relevant differences in adverse effects incidence for the starting doses were observed, except for a dose–response relationship for somnolence and fatigue.
Interactions
Coadministration of brivaracetam with carbamazepine may increase exposure to carbamazepine-epoxide, the active metabolite of carbamazepine, and could theoretically lead to reduced tolerability. Coadministration of brivaracetam with phenytoin may increase phenytoin levels. Coadministration of other antiseizure drugs are unlikely to affect brivaracetam exposure. Brivaracetam provides no added therapeutic benefit when administered in conjunction with levetiracetam that acts on the same protein.
No pharmacokinetic interaction w |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EVOP | Evolutionary Operation (EVOP) is a manufacturing process-optimization technique developed in the 1950s by George E. P. Box.
In EVOP experimental designs and improvements are introduced, while an ongoing full-scale manufacturing process continues to produce satisfactory results. The idea is that process improvement should not interrupt production.
EVOP is a process or technique of systematic experimentation. Evolutionary Operation (EVOP) is based on the understanding that every production lot has the ability to contribute valuable information on the effect of process variables on a particular product characteristic or feature. Typical methods used involve structured designs of experiments (DOE) which may result in interrupting production flow to conduct the trials or experiments. EVOP, on the other hand, is intended to introduce small changes in the process variables during normal production flow. These changes are not large enough to result in non-conforming product, but are significant enough to determine the optimum process ranges.
Application
Applicable virtually to any applied discipline. Optimization is addressed in all spheres of human enterprise from natural sciences and engineering of whatever discipline, through economics, econometrics, statistics and operations research to management science. Practitioners of mathematical programming who require global optimization methods in diverse technological application. EVOP has been implemented in the following quantitat |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Ristow | Michael Ristow (b April 24, 1967) is a German medical researcher who has published influential articles on biochemical aspects of mitochondrial metabolism and particularly the possibly health-promoting role of reactive oxygen species in diseases like type 2 diabetes, obesity and cancer, as well as general aging due to a process called mitohormesis.
Ristow was born in Lübeck in the North of Germany. He graduated at the University of Bochum in 1992 and received his M.D. from University of Bochum in 1996. He was appointed to the University of Jena in 2005 as a full professor in nutritional science, and is a full professor in energy metabolism at the ETH Zurich since 2013.
In 2007, Ristow’s group published evidence which could explain the basis of the observed extension of lifespan by restriction of sugar intake. In experiments on a model organism, the worm Caenorhabditis elegans, they found that lowering the availability of glucose extended the lifespan of the worms. It has been known since the 1930s that restricting calories while maintaining adequate amounts of other nutrients extends lifespan across a broad range of organisms. The mechanism has been proposed as a change in the activity of the sirtuins. Michael Ristow shows in his article that this effect can also occur independent of sirtuins, since worms deficient for sirtuins still show extended life span in states of sugar restriction.
Most importantly, Ristow's research suggests that this is a mitohormetic effect, as r |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osram%20Opto%20Semiconductors%20GmbH | Osram Opto Semiconductors GmbH of Regensburg, Germany, was a wholly owned subsidiary of Osram GmbH, which was the world's second largest manufacturer of optoelectronic semiconductors after Nichia and followed in third place by Cree Inc. The company was founded in 1999 as a joint venture between Osram and Infineon Technologies. In 2021 Osram Opto Semiconductors was integrated to AMS-Osram International GmbH and is now part of the AMS Osram Group.
The main products of the company are light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as well as high power laser diodes, infrared components and optical sensors.
History
When Siemens split off the semiconductor operations to form a separate legal entity, Osram had an opportunity to take over the LED division.
On January 1, 1999 the takeover was completed with a 51% majority share. The Siemens subsidiary, Infineon, initially retained a 49% share. In the summer of 2001, Osram acquired all Infineon shares in the sale of opto-semiconductors.
In 2003, the company opened an opto-chip factory in Regensburg, Germany. After a construction period of 21 months, the first phase of the factory opened, covering an area of 36,000 m². Total investment was around €120 million. The second phase was officially opened in 2008.
Profile
Osram Opto Semiconductors claims to be the world’s second largest manufacturer of optoelectronic semiconductors for the illumination; sensing, and visualization sectors. At its headquarters in Regensburg, Germany, further production sit |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricardo%20Serna | Ricardo Jesús Serna Orozco (born 21 January 1964) is a Spanish retired footballer who played mostly as a central defender.
In 12 La Liga seasons, he appeared in 281 matches for three clubs, scoring six goals and winning six major titles, including the 1992 European Cup with Barcelona.
Football career
Born in Seville, Andalusia, Serna started his professional career at Sevilla FC in 1982 at the age of 18, immediately breaking into the starting line up. After six years with his local club he was signed by La Liga giants FC Barcelona, receiving his first Spain national team callup the same year and appearing as a substitute in a 1990 FIFA World Cup qualifier against Northern Ireland in Seville (4–0 win); he earned a further five international caps, in a two-year span.
Serna played nearly 150 competitive games for Barcelona, winning two national championships, two Spanish Cups, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and one European Cup. He appeared sparingly in his final season, where he already played alongside former Sevilla defensive teammate Nando.
A part of Deportivo de La Coruña's Super Depor emergent sides, Serna could only appear once in the league in two years, retiring in 1997 after one year with RCD Mallorca in the second division and a further two in the lower leagues.
Honours
Barcelona
La Liga: 1990–91, 1991–92
Copa del Rey: 1989–90
Supercopa de España: 1991
UEFA European Cup: 1991–92
UEFA Cup Winners' Cup: 1988–89
References
External links
1964 births
Living people
Foot |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A9%20Ant%C3%B4nio | José Antônio Pereira (born March 19, 1984 in Monte Azul Paulista), or simply Zé Antônio, is a Brazilian footballer, who plays as a midfielder.
Career statistics
Club
Honours
Brazilian League (2nd division): 2006
Minas Gerais State League: 2007
Campeonato Pernambucano in 2010 with Sport Recife
External links
CBF
footballbusiness
websoccerclub
References
1984 births
Living people
Footballers from São Paulo (state)
Brazilian men's footballers
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Botafogo Futebol Clube (SP) players
Clube Atlético Mineiro players
BK Häcken players
Club Athletico Paranaense players
Sport Club do Recife players
Goiás Esporte Clube players
Associação Portuguesa de Desportos players
Paysandu Sport Club players
Guarani FC players
Clube Atlético Linense players
Figueirense FC players
Esporte Clube Santo André players
Joinville Esporte Clube players
Men's association football midfielders
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Sweden
Expatriate men's footballers in Sweden
People from Monte Azul Paulista |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whistling%20warbler | The whistling warbler (Catharopeza bishopi) is a species of bird in the New World warbler family. It is monotypic within the genus Catharopeza. It has a dark back that fades into a lighter gradient going towards the chest. It also has a dark head, a dark strip on the breast, and a light orbital. Both male and female have the same plumage. It is endemic to the island of Saint Vincent in the Lesser Antilles. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss. This habitat loss is due to volcanic activity and deforestation. Whistling warblers have cup-shaped nests, and spotted eggs. Their diet primarily consists of insects.
Taxonomy
The whistling warbler was originally given the genus, Leucopeza bishopi, but it was later changed to Catharopeza bishopi because of its stoutness in many areas of its body.
There are competing beliefs on who the closest relative to the whistling warbler (Catharopeza) is between Phaeothlypis and Dendroica. A 1976 study argued that Phaeothlypis was Catharopeza’s closest relative. Catharopeza’s foraging, morphology, and song are more similar to Phaeothlypis than Dendroica. Other studies have shown Dendroica to be Catharopeza’s closest relative. The closeness in relationship between Dendroica and Catharopeza has been widely recognized. When sorted taxonomically, they are often adjacent due to their similarities in morphology and song. A phylogenetic s |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20Lake%20%28Dakota%2C%20Minnesota%29 | Crystal Lake is a lake in Burnsville, Dakota County, Minnesota. The lake is a primary source of recreation for the city of Burnsville and the surrounding area. Crystal Beach Park
, Crystal Lake West Park and Tyacke Park all have coastline along the lake and offer amenities such as boat landings, picnic areas, hard surfaced courts, playground equipment, walking trails, and others. Nearby Lac Lavon Lake Park has a softball complex, tennis courts, and horseshoe courts. The Lake also contains two islands, Picnic Island (nicknamed Potty Island) and Maple Island. The most southerly parts of the lake extend into the city of Lakeville.
Crystal Lake was named from its sparkling waters.
Wildlife
According to the Minnesota DNR, abundant wildlife can get in the way of fishing. The lake has been found to contain the invasive Eurasian Watermilfoil plant species.
Despite the plant life, Bass and Sunfish are common throughout the lake. The DNR has plans to restock the lake with hybrid Muskies in even numbered years, but in the past few of legal size have been caught. Bluegills are also quite common.
References
Lakes of Dakota County, Minnesota
Crystal, Dakota County
Burnsville, Minnesota |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sainte-C%C3%A9cile-de-L%C3%A9vrard | Sainte-Cécile-de-Lévrard is a parish municipality in the Centre-du-Québec region of the province of Quebec in Canada.
Demographics
In the 2021 Canadian census conducted by Statistics Canada, Sainte-Cécile-de-Lévrard had a population of 349 living in 153 of its 163 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of 372. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
See also
List of parish municipalities in Quebec
References
External links
Parish municipalities in Quebec
Incorporated places in Centre-du-Québec |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiwarna | Adiwarna is the fourth studio album from Malaysian pop singer Siti Nurhaliza released in 1998.
Featuring hit song, "Purnama Merindu", the first one recorded for this album. "Diari Hatimu" was originally intended for her second album, but never made it then, so, it's re-recorded for this album. Siti Nurhaliza wrote the lyrics for the second song, entitled "Lagu Ku Di Hatimu".
Adiwarna would be the fourth studio recorded album by Siti Nurhaliza and her third Pop album. It has been launched in 1998. The featured album has been selected for the Best Album of The Year during AIM 1999. It has also received 4 Platinum Award Album "Adiwarna" of its successful sales.
Production
Adiwarna was recorded by Siti Nurhaliza, with her mentor Adnan Abu Hassan handling the arrangement and composed three songs. The album containing 10 songs, Siti once again collaborating with Adnan, LY, Johari Teh and Azmeer and other composers, while explaining her new album gave a thousand of meanings.
In an interview with Utusan Malaysia on 20 June 1998, Siti said she choose Adiwarna, which means "very good" or "very beautiful" as the title for her fourth solo album, while explaining that the term to describe all beauties in art of music that should be featured. Besides that, she said Adiwarna is also a diversity of art in an album as trying to show this time. She said: "This is not the traditional album but ordinary pop album, simply titled only a relatively classic and Malay heritage,". By selecting M |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sainte-Sophie-de-L%C3%A9vrard%2C%20Quebec | Sainte-Sophie-de-Lévrard is a parish municipality in the Centre-du-Québec region of the province of Quebec in Canada.
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Sainte-Sophie-de-Lévrard had a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
See also
List of parish municipalities in Quebec
References
External links
Parish municipalities in Quebec
Incorporated places in Centre-du-Québec
Canada geography articles needing translation from French Wikipedia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous%20stochastic%20process | In probability theory, a continuous stochastic process is a type of stochastic process that may be said to be "continuous" as a function of its "time" or index parameter. Continuity is a nice property for (the sample paths of) a process to have, since it implies that they are well-behaved in some sense, and, therefore, much easier to analyze. It is implicit here that the index of the stochastic process is a continuous variable. Some authors define a "continuous (stochastic) process" as only requiring that the index variable be continuous, without continuity of sample paths: in another terminology, this would be a continuous-time stochastic process, in parallel to a "discrete-time process". Given the possible confusion, caution is needed.
Definitions
Let (Ω, Σ, P) be a probability space, let T be some interval of time, and let X : T × Ω → S be a stochastic process. For simplicity, the rest of this article will take the state space S to be the real line R, but the definitions go through mutatis mutandis if S is Rn, a normed vector space, or even a general metric space.
Continuity almost surely
Given a time t ∈ T, X is said to be continuous with probability one at t if
Mean-square continuity
Given a time t ∈ T, X is said to be continuous in mean-square at t if E[|Xt|2] < +∞ and
Continuity in probability
Given a time t ∈ T, X is said to be continuous in probability at t if, for all ε > 0,
Equivalently, X is continuous in probability at time t if
Continuity in distributi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venture%20Arctic | Venture Arctic is an ecosystem simulation video game from Pocketwatch Games. Following its predecessor Wildlife Tycoon: Venture Africa, this Arctic sequel combines educational value and entertainment. The game allows players to build and manage ecosystems of Arctic animals by interacting with the environment using "tools of nature", such as the sun, snow, wind, and sickness.
There are five different environments in the game, from an oil-rig off the coast of Svalbard, Norway, to a new pipeline disturbing the caribou herds in the Alaskan level. While the game maintains impartiality on environmental issues, players are left to discover for themselves the impact of global warming and deforestation throughout the seasons in their sim-ecosystems and the 22 animal species which comprise them.
The visual art was inspired by traditional Inuit sculpture. The music is a reinterpretation of Vivaldi's Four Seasons Concerto using Inuit-inspired instruments and instruments brought to the region by explorers. Venture Arctic was designed, produced, and programmed by Andy Schatz, founder of Pocketwatch Games and host of the 2007 and 2008 Independent Games Festival Awards ceremonies.
External links
Road to the Independent Games Festival
Video game sequels
Windows games
MacOS games
2007 video games
Indie games
Biological simulation video games
Climate change in fiction
Environment of the Arctic
Culture of the Arctic
Torque (game engine) games
Video games developed in the United States
V |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social%20entropy | Social entropy is a sociological theory that evaluates social behaviours using a method based on the second law of thermodynamics. The equivalent of entropy in a social system is considered to be wealth or residence location. The theory was introduced by Kenneth D. Bailey in 1990 and extended recently by Roumen Tsekov.
References
Further reading
Klaus Krippendorff's Dictionary of Cybernetics (University of Pennsylvania)
Kenneth D. Bailey (1990). Social Entropy Theory. Albany, New York: State University of New York (SUNY) Press. ISSN 1094-429X
Sociological theories
Social systems
Sociological terminology
Cyberpunk themes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed%20testing%20procedure | In statistics, the closed testing procedure is a general method for performing more than one hypothesis test simultaneously.
The closed testing principle
Suppose there are k hypotheses H1,..., Hk to be tested and the overall type I error rate is α. The closed testing principle allows the rejection of any one of these elementary hypotheses, say Hi, if all possible intersection hypotheses involving Hi can be rejected by using valid local level α tests; the adjusted p-value is the largest among those hypotheses. It controls the family-wise error rate for all the k hypotheses at level α in the strong sense.
Example
Suppose there are three hypotheses H1,H2, and H3 to be tested and the overall type I error rate is 0.05. Then H1 can be rejected at level α if H1 ∩ H2 ∩ H3, H1 ∩ H2, H1 ∩ H3 and H1 can all be rejected using valid tests with level α.
Special cases
The Holm–Bonferroni method is a special case of a closed test procedure for which each intersection null hypothesis is tested using the simple Bonferroni test. As such, it controls the family-wise error rate for all the k hypotheses at level α in the strong sense.
Multiple test procedures developed using the graphical approach for constructing and illustrating multiple test procedures are a subclass of closed testing procedures.
See also
Multiple comparisons
Holm–Bonferroni method
Bonferroni correction
References
Statistical hypothesis testing
Statistical tests
Multiple comparisons |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leandro%20Amaral | Leandro Câmara do Amaral (born 6 August 1977), is a Brazilian former footballer who played as a striker.
Career statistics
Club
Honours
Club
Fiorentina
Coppa Italia (1): 2000–01
Individual
Bola de Prata (1): 2007
References
External links
Zerozero.pt
Guardian Stats Centre
1977 births
Living people
Men's association football forwards
Brazilian men's footballers
Brazil men's international footballers
2001 FIFA Confederations Cup players
Associação Portuguesa de Desportos players
ACF Fiorentina players
Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense players
São Paulo FC players
Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras players
Sport Club Corinthians Paulista players
Ituano FC players
FC Istres players
Fluminense FC players
CR Vasco da Gama players
CR Flamengo footballers
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Serie A players
Ligue 1 players
Expatriate men's footballers in Italy
Expatriate men's footballers in France
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Footballers from São Paulo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20Blue%20Persuasion | "Crystal Blue Persuasion" is a 1968 song originally recorded by Tommy James and the Shondells and composed by Eddie Gray, Tommy James and Mike Vale.
Background
A gentle-tempoed groove, "Crystal Blue Persuasion" was built around a prominent organ part with an understated arrangement, more akin to The Rascals' sound at the time than to James's contemporary efforts with psychedelic rock. It included melodic passages for an acoustic guitar, as well as a bass pattern, played between the bridge and the third verse of the song.
In a 1985 interview in Hitch magazine, James said the title of the song came to him while he was reading the Biblical Book of Revelation:
I took the title from the Book of Revelations [sic] in the Bible, reading about the New Jerusalem. The words jumped out at me, and they're not together; they're spread out over three or four verses. But it seemed to go together, it's my favorite of all my songs and one of our most requested.
According to James's manager, James was actually inspired by his readings of the Book of Ezekiel, which (he remembered as) speaking of a blue Shekhinah light that represented the presence of the Almighty God, and of the Book of Isaiah and Book of Revelation, which tell of a future age of brotherhood of mankind, living in peace and harmony.
At the time of the song's release there were several popular types of high quality blue-colored LSD tablets in circulation—some listeners generally assumed James was referring to "acid". In 1979, |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutritional%20biodiversity | Nutritional biodiversity is a diet that focuses on the diversity of an organism's nutritional consumption or intake. Some believe this diversity directly relates to the overall health and vitality of the organism — human or animal.
Nutritional Diversity or Nutritional Biodiversity, is a diet studied in Panama by an athlete and permaculturist named Brandon Eisler. He has been studying and testing diverse nutritional intake in the range of 50 to 200 different species, not mono-culture derived, and the effects of this on both athletic performance and healing the sick.
Although traditional diets emphasize a sufficient intake of fruit and vegetables, they do not emphasize the range or variety of this intake. Nutritional biodiversity encourages the consumption of about 10 – 15 different green vegetables over a period of a fortnight, rather than the same green vegetable every day for that same period. This extends to all types of fruits and vegetables.
Different fruits and vegetables provide different vitamins and minerals and in differing quantities, and it is this diversity that is essential to ensure that all nutritional needs are met. Every other species of mammal, in the wild, takes in a much larger spectrum of nutrition that humans. The diet realizes also that domestication of food species and humans, is the root of many health problems.
In the book Back from the Brink, an example is used of the various bloodlines of race horses in the UK and USA. What the author found is |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihydroetorphine | Dihydroetorphine was developed by K. W. Bentley at McFarlan-Smith in the 1960s and is a potent opioid analgesic used mainly in China. It is a derivative of the better-known opioid etorphine, a very potent veterinary painkiller and anesthetic medication used primarily for the sedation of large animals such as elephants, giraffes, and rhinos.
Dihydroetorphine is a semi-synthetic opioid used mainly as a strong painkiller for humans. It is several thousand times stronger than morphine (between 1000× and 12000× more potent depending what method is used for comparison), although it is poorly absorbed when taken orally. Sublingual forms of dihydroetorphine are used in China at doses ranging from 20 to 40 μg repeated every 3–4 hours, and are reported to cause strong analgesia and relatively mild side effects compared to other opioids, although all the usual opioid side effects such as dizziness, sedation, nausea, constipation, and respiratory depression can occur. Transdermal patches of dihydroetorphine have also been developed.
Dihydroetorphine is considered to be somewhat less addictive than many other opioids, and it is also sometimes used in China as a substitute maintenance drug for opioid addicts, in a similar fashion to how the related drug buprenorphine is used in western nations. It is presumably controlled as an "ester, ether, [or] salt" of etorphine in the United States under the Controlled Substances Act 1970, and/or its pieces of the morphine carbon skeleton put it un |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-and-rufous%20swallow | The black-and-rufous swallow (Hirundo nigrorufa) is a species of bird in the family Hirundinidae.
Range
It inhabits the miombo ecosystems of Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zambia.
References
black-and-rufous swallow
Birds of Central Africa
black-and-rufous swallow
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobacco%20etch%20virus | Tobacco etch virus (TEV) is a plant virus in the genus Potyvirus and family Potyviridae. Like other members of the genus Potyvirus, TEV has a monopartite positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome surrounded by a capsid made from a single viral encoded protein. The virus is a filamentous particle that measures about 730 nm in length. It is transmissible in a non-persistent manner by more than 10 species of aphids including Myzus persicae. It also is easily transmitted by mechanical means but is not known to be transmitted by seeds.
Host range
This virus infects many species of Solanaceae. Agriculturally important crops that it infects include several species of Capsicum (i.e. C. annuum, C. frutescens), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), and tobacco (Nicotiana spp.).
It also infects many perennial weed species that can act as virus reservoirs for susceptible agricultural crops. These weed species include Solanum nigrum (nightshade), S. aculeatissimum (soda apple), Chenopodium album (pigweed), Datura stramonium (jimson weed), Linaria canadensis (blue toadflax), and Physalis spp. (ground cherry). Thus, recommendations for the control of this virus include the control of weeds in and around susceptible solanaceous crops.
Signs and symptoms
Symptoms seen on plants infected with this virus can vary depending on the plant. However typical symptoms include vein clearing, mottling, and necrotic lines or etching. Symptoms can occur on leaves and fruit and the plants can becom |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomato%20yellow%20leaf%20curl%20virus | Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a DNA virus from the genus Begomovirus and the family Geminiviridae. TYLCV causes the most destructive disease of tomato, and it can be found in tropical and subtropical regions causing severe economic losses. This virus is transmitted by an insect vector from the family Aleyrodidae and order Hemiptera, the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, commonly known as the silverleaf whitefly or the sweet potato whitefly. The primary host for TYLCV is the tomato plant, and other plant hosts where TYLCV infection has been found include eggplants, potatoes, tobacco, beans, and peppers. Due to the rapid spread of TYLCV in the last few decades, there is an increased focus in research trying to understand and control this damaging pathogen. Some interesting findings include the virus being sexually transmitted from infected males to non-infected females (and vice versa), and an evidence that TYLCV is transovarially transmitted to offspring for two generations.
Genome
This virus consists of a single circular single-stranded (ss) DNA molecule (2787 nt in size) which is a common distinction among viruses in the family Geminiviridae. The coat protein is an essential component for successful insect transmission of this virus. The ssDNA genome encodes for six open reading frames (ORF): two in the virion sense orientation, V1 and V2, and four in the complementary orientation, C1, C2, C3, and C4. The V1 and V2 protein encoded by the v1 and v2 gene are the coat pro |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strawberry%20crinkle%20cytorhabdovirus | Strawberry crinkle cytorhabdovirus, commonly called Strawberry crinkle virus (SCV), is a negative sense single stranded RNA virus that threatens strawberry production worldwide. This virus reduces plant rigidity, runner production, fruit size, and production, while causing distortion and crinkling of the leaves. This virus was first described in 1932 in Oregon and California with commercial strawberry varieties, and later became an issue around the world, including North America, South America, Europe, South Africa, New Zealand, Australia, and Japan. Of the family Rhabdoviridae, it is a large family of viruses that affects plants, vertebrates, and invertebrates. Specifically, this virus infects strawberry plants of the genus Fragaria and is transmitted through two aphid vectors that feed on strawberries, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii and C. jacobi. When SCV is combined with other aphid-transmitted strawberry viruses, such as mottle, mild yellow-edge, vein banding, or pallidosis, the damage becomes even more deleterious. Economically, the only significant host of SCV is Fragaria ananassa.
Baltimore Classification
Based on the Baltimore classification, which is a virus classification system the groups viruses into families based on their genome type, we can know the steps the virus must take in order to produce mRNA and how the genome is copied to create more genomes. All viruses want to get to mRNA in order to go through the process of translation; however, only positive sense s |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rice%20stripe%20tenuivirus | Rice stripe tenuivirus is an RNA plant pathogen of the genus Tenuivirus. It is prevalent in Japan, China, and Korea and can infect plants of the family Poaceae, which include wheat and corn (see maize stripe virus). Damage from this disease causes major reductions in rice crop yield every year.
It is spread primarily by Laodelphax striatellus, a small planthopper that feeds and damages rice plants by sap-sucking. Three other planthopper insects that transmit rice stripe virus include Unkanodes sapporona, Unkanodoes albifascia, and Terthron albovittatum. The virus propagates in the planthopper and is passed down to 90% of a female's eggs. However, mechanically transmitting the virus by injecting sap from an affected plant to a healthy plant has not been widely successful.
Symptoms
Rice plants are susceptible to infection starting at the seedling age. The only known means of virus transmission is via planthoppers. Typical symptoms of rice stripe virus infection include pale and discontinuous yellow stripes, blotches, and dead tissue streaks on the leaves. Severe infections cause grey necrotic streaks and result in the death of the plant.
Young plants
Infection causes the most damage during seedling stage to maximum tillering stage because during this time interval, the plants are at a higher risk of death. Affected seedlings are stunted in growth with leaves that elongate without unfolding. Their color pales to white with drooped, curled, dead leaves. In Japan, this disease |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rice%20yellow%20mottle%20virus | Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) is a plant pathogenic virus, belonging to the genus Sobemovirus. The genome is a positive-sense single strand RNA of 4450 nucleotides in length and is not polyadenylated. It was first reported in Kenya in 1966 in one of Africa's first cultivation intensification schemes, due to RYMV's association with intensification, but DNA analysis of its evolutionary history shows it to have evolved in East Africa in the 19th century. Since its identification in Kenya it has been detected in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa. It has also been detected in Central Africa, but has yet to be seen outside the continent. The genomic organization of RYMV is most similar to that of Cocksfoot mottle sobemovirus. RYMV is one of the better-studied plant-virus pathosystems.
Virology
Structure
RYMV is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus. There is a high level of genetic diversity with the RYMV nucleotides, which is roughly 14%. RYMV is a sobemovirus.
Impact on plants
RYMV has a massive impact on rice crops. Streaking, mottling, discoloration and malformation of leaves as well as death of infected young plants are all typical signs of RYMV infection. Crop losses can be 25–100%. It is believed that RYMV has begun to spread since the introduction of the exotic rice (Oryza sativa) from Asia into the African continent. Indigenous rices that are from the African area tend to be more tolerant of the virus. The natural host of the virus tends to remain in the O |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liouville%27s%20theorem%20%28conformal%20mappings%29 | In mathematics, Liouville's theorem, proved by Joseph Liouville in 1850, is a rigidity theorem about conformal mappings in Euclidean space. It states that any smooth conformal mapping on a domain of Rn, where n > 2, can be expressed as a composition of translations, similarities, orthogonal transformations and inversions: they are Möbius transformations (in n dimensions). This theorem severely limits the variety of possible conformal mappings in R3 and higher-dimensional spaces. By contrast, conformal mappings in R2 can be much more complicated – for example, all simply connected planar domains are conformally equivalent, by the Riemann mapping theorem.
Generalizations of the theorem hold for transformations that are only weakly differentiable . The focus of such a study is the non-linear Cauchy–Riemann system that is a necessary and sufficient condition for a smooth mapping to be conformal:
where Df is the Jacobian derivative, T is the matrix transpose, and I is the identity matrix. A weak solution of this system is defined to be an element f of the Sobolev space with non-negative Jacobian determinant almost everywhere, such that the Cauchy–Riemann system holds at almost every point of Ω. Liouville's theorem is then that every weak solution (in this sense) is a Möbius transformation, meaning that it has the form
where a, b are vectors in Rn, α is a scalar, A is a rotation matrix, , and the matrix in parentheses is I or a Householder matrix (so, orthogonal). Equivale |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CodeBase | CodeBase is a tech ecosystem support organisation that has supported over 500 startups and scaleups, who have collectively raised over £4 billion. CodeBase is promotes collaboration in tech innovation, by working with startups, scaleups, corporates, governments, academia and the third sector.
CodeBase provides the workspace environment for startups to grow, delivers expert educational programmes and industry accelerators, and fosters connections through events, meetups, mentorship matching, and corporate-startup collaboration programmes.
Launched in Edinburgh in 2014, CodeBase offers startup incubation space through hotdesking, coworking, and dedicated office space. Further hubs opened in Stirling, in 2017, followed by Aberdeen in 2019, along with popup hubs across the UK.
CodeBase is for startup founders, would-be founders, and employees across the UK - particularly within the tech ecosystem - who want to join a community of like-minded people, learn from others, and access support to help grow their business.
CodeBase works with businesses looking to innovate through collaboration with startups and tech businesses in their sectors. Governments and enterprise organisations looking for support in delivering large scale programmes.
Partnerships
CodeBase has supported various companies including FanDuel, Cloudsoft, Administrate, Deliveroo, TV Squared, Outplay Entertainment, Rightscale, Speech Graphics, Square, and Skyscanner.
CodeBase has partnered with the Scottish G |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptopoecile | Leptopoecile is a genus of birds in the long-tailed tit family Aegithalidae. The genus was once placed in the large family Sylviidae, but analysis of mitochondrial DNA placed it with the long-tailed tits.
The genus contains two species:
References
Aegithalidae
Bird genera
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deirdre%20Purcell | Deirdre Purcell (1945 – 13 February 2023) was an Irish author, actress, and journalist.
Early life and career
Deirdre Purcell was born in 1945 in Dublin, where she was also raised. She was educated at Gortnor Abbey in County Mayo.
An Abbey Theatre actress, she played as Christine opposite Donal McCann in Drama at Inish, Miss Frost in the stage adaptation of The Ginger Man, and Pegeen Mike in The Playboy of the Western World. Purcell was also a television and press journalist.
Purcell published twelve critically acclaimed novels, including "Pearl and The Winter Gathering", all of which have been bestsellers in Ireland. She was appointed to the board of the Central Bank of Ireland in 2003 and was serving in 2008 when the Irish banking system collapsed.
From October 2009, she presented All About the Music on RTÉ Lyric FM. She was also a presenter of "It Says in the Papers" on Morning Ireland on RTÉ Radio 1.
Purcell was awarded The Benson & Hedges and Cross awards for journalism.
Personal life and death
Purcell lived in Beara Peninsula in West Cork with her husband, and had two sons. She died on 13 February 2023, at the age of 77.
Selected works
Novels
The secret (2006)
Somewhere in Between (2007)
Days We Remember (2008)
Series contributed to
Finbar's Hotel (1999) (with Maeve Binchy, Dermot Bolger, Clare Boylan, Emma Donoghue, Anne Haverty, Kate O'Riordan)
Ladies' Night at Finbar's Hotel (2000) (with Maeve Binchy, Dermot Bolger, Clare |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancawarna | Pancawarna is the fifth studio album from Malaysian pop singer Siti Nurhaliza released in 1999.
"Kau Kekasihku" is the most highlighted song in this album for its popularity plus the voice of Siti Nurhaliza, the composition by Ajai and the melancholic lyrics by Alam Maya. It is said to have been the first song ever composed by Ajai himself to Siti.
Almost every song in this album really challenge Siti's vocal performance and the most highly enduring songs would be "Kurniaan Dalam Samaran" and "Nian Di Hati".
In Lembaran Cinta Pudar Siti made an attempt to have a brief monologue which is quite intriguing to listeners.
The song title Lelaki (warkah seorang anak) was specially dedicated to then-Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad. The lyrics were written by Habsah Hassan and composed by one of the Kopratasa's member (Siso). This song is made special just for him as a remembrance of his contribution to Malaysia.
Reception
Pancawarna was released on 7 May 1999 to popular success and receive positive reviews from music critics. According to Marina Abdul Ghani of The Malay Mail, Pancawarna which means colourful in English refers to the wide varieties of music styles that were featured in the album. The album received mixed to positive reviews from music critics. Saniboey of Harian Metro gave the album three stars. He commented the album missed its target, inconsistent with its melodies, and too cheesy. Zainal Alam Kadir of New Straits Times gave the album t |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty%27s%20Brain | Betty's Brain is a software environment created at Vanderbilt University by the Teachable Agents Group to help promote students' understanding of metacognitive skills and to reinforce river ecosystem knowledge as part of a science curriculum. It is a qualitative constraint system, using node-link diagrams to represent models for teaching complex scientific and engineering domains in high school.
The system specifically focuses on reinforcing so called self-regulatory skills that promote both self monitoring and self assessment as one might expect of an independent learner.
The system focuses around a main character, Betty, who has asked the students to teach her about river ecosystems. In this way Betty's Brain diverges from a classic intelligent tutoring system (ITS) and adopts the learning by teaching (LBT) paradigm where computer agent interactions are focused around completing a primary task unrelated to the acquisition of domain content knowledge.
More recently, Betty's level of artificial intelligence has been largely modified to increase the interactivity with the students. Betty's task is to interact with students as a "good" learner, one who has self-regulatory skills, might. By incorporating feedback related to these self-regulatory skills we have shown that students are better able to perform in future learning tasks.
Current studies are focused on the 5th grade classroom with approximately 100 students. As well, as of July 2007, the system is being develo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCell | PCell stands for parameterized cell, a concept used widely in the automated design of analog integrated circuits. A PCell represents a part or a component of the circuit whose structure is dependent on one or more parameters. Hence, it is a cell which is automatically generated by electronic design automation (EDA) software based on the values of these parameters. For example, one can create a transistor PCell and then use different instances of the same with different user defined lengths and widths. Vendors of EDA software sometimes use different names for the concept of parameterized cells, e.g. T-Cell and Magic Cell.
Application
In electronic circuit designs, cells are basic units of functionality. A given cell may be placed or instantiated many times. A P-Cell is more flexible than a non-parameterized cell because different instances may have different parameter values and, therefore, different structures. For example, rather than having many different cell definitions to represent the variously sized transistors in a given design, a single PCell may take a transistor's dimensions (width and length) as parameters. Different instances of a single PCell can then represent transistors of different sizes, but otherwise similar characteristics.
The structures within an integrated circuit and the rules (design rules) governing their physical dimensions are often complex, thereby making the structures tedious to draw by hand. By using PCells a circuit designer can easily |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous-time%20stochastic%20process | In probability theory and statistics, a continuous-time stochastic process, or a continuous-space-time stochastic process is a stochastic process for which the index variable takes a continuous set of values, as contrasted with a discrete-time process for which the index variable takes only distinct values. An alternative terminology uses continuous parameter as being more inclusive.
A more restricted class of processes are the continuous stochastic processes; here the term often (but not always) implies both that the index variable is continuous and that sample paths of the process are continuous. Given the possible confusion, caution is needed.
Continuous-time stochastic processes that are constructed from discrete-time processes via a waiting time distribution are called continuous-time random walks.
Examples
An example of a continuous-time stochastic process for which sample paths are not continuous is a Poisson process. An example with continuous paths is the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process.
See also
Continuous signal
References
Stochastic processes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K.%20C.%20Sreedharan%20Pillai | K C Sreedharan Pillai (1920–1985) was an Indian statistician who was known for his works on multivariate analysis and probability distributions.
Pillai studied at the University of Travancore in Trivandrum. He graduated in 1941 and obtained his master's degree in 1945. He was appointed a lecturer at the University of Kerala in 1945 and worked there for six years until he went to the United States in 1951. After studying for one year at Princeton University, he went to the University of North Carolina where he was awarded a doctorate in statistics in 1954.
His first post was as a statistician with the United Nations, a post he held from 1954 until 1962. One of his achievements at that post was the founding of the Statistical Center of the University of the Philippines. He was a visiting Professor and Advisor to the University of Philippines for a number of years and supervised graduate students there. In 1962 Pillai was appointed Professor of Statistics and Mathematics at Purdue University. Pillai's research was in statistics, in particular in multivariate statistical analysis. Pillai was honoured by being elected a Fellow of the American Statistical Association and a Fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics. He was an elected member of the International Statistical Institute.
He was a keen golfer too.
He died on 5 June 1985 in Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
External links
Indian emigrants to the United States
Indian statisticians
1920 births
1985 deaths
20th-cent |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ictalurus | Ictalurus is a genus of North American freshwater catfishes. It includes the well-known channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus).
The catfish genome database (cBARBEL) is a database for the genetics of Ictalurus species.
Species
Currently, 10 species in this genus are recognized:
Ictalurus australis (Meek, 1904) (Panuco catfish)
Ictalurus balsanus (D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1899) (Balsas catfish)
Ictalurus dugesii (T. H. Bean, 1880) (Lerma catfish)
Ictalurus furcatus (Valenciennes, 1840) (blue catfish)
Ictalurus lupus (Girard, 1858) (headwater catfish)
Ictalurus meridionalis (Günther, 1864)
Ictalurus mexicanus (Meek, 1904) (Rio Verde catfish)
Ictalurus ochoterenai (F. de Buen, 1946) (Chapala catfish)
Ictalurus pricei (Rutter, 1896) (Yaqui catfish)
Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque, 1818) (channel catfish)
Four fossil species also are assigned to this genus:
†Ictalurus echinatus
†Ictalurus lambda
†Ictalurus rhaeas
†Ictalurus spodius
References
External links
Catfish genome database (cBARBEL)
Extant Oligocene first appearances
Catfish genera
Freshwater fish genera
Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunocomputing | Immunocomputing explores the principles of information processing that proteins and immune networks utilize in order to solve specific complex problems while protected from viruses, noise, errors and intrusions.
It intends to establish:
A proper mathematical framework
A new kind of computing
A new kind of hardware
The main difference with other kinds of computing lay on the function of its basic element, the formal protein, defined according with its biological prototype and its mathematical model.
The main biophysical issues considered in immunocomputing are:
Free folding to a stable state (inspiration for the Formal Protein)
Free binding with other elements dependent on their reciprocal states (inspiration for the Formal Immune Networks)
Formal immune networks (FINs) have as closest model the idiotypic network of N. Jerne but they consider specific mechanisms of interactions between proteins. FINs are able to learn, recognize and solve problems.
Artificial immune systems
Biophysics
Cognitive science |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TGT | TGT may stand for:
Chemistry
Tagetitoxin
TRNA-guanine15 transglycosylase, an enzyme
Cysteine, an amino acid coded TGT
Arts and media
TGT (group), R&B supergroup formed by Tyrese, Ginuwine, and Tank
Thailand's Got Talent, Thai reality television series
The Grand Tour, British motoring programme
Businesses
TGT Oil and Gas Services
Target Corporation, NYSE stock ticker
Tennessee Gas Transmission Company
Other uses
Tamangic languages (Tamang, Gurung, Thakali and others)
Tanga Airport, by IATA code, in Tanga, Tanzania
Target (disambiguation)
Ticket Granting Ticket, in network security
Transitional Government of Tigray, in Ethiopia
Trained Graduate Teacher, a teacher who holds a degree for teaching students |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weisz%E2%80%93Prater%20criterion | The Weisz–Prater criterion is a method used to estimate the influence of pore diffusion on reaction rates in heterogeneous catalytic reactions. If the criterion is satisfied, pore diffusion limitations are negligible. The criterion is
Where is the reaction rate per volume of catalyst, is the catalyst particle radius, is the reactant concentration at the particle surface, and is the effective diffusivity. Diffusion is usually in the Knudsen regime when average pore radius is less than 100 nm.
For a given effectiveness factor,, and reaction order, n, the quantity is defined by the equation:
for small values of beta this can be approximated using the binomial theorem:
Assuming with a reaction order gives value of equal to 0.1. Therefore, for many conditions, if then pore diffusion limitations can be excluded.
References
Scientific techniques
Laboratory techniques
Transport phenomena
Chemical reaction engineering |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequencing%20by%20ligation | Sequencing by ligation is a DNA sequencing method that uses the enzyme DNA ligase to identify the nucleotide present at a given position in a DNA sequence. Unlike most currently popular DNA sequencing methods, this method does not use a DNA polymerase to create a second strand. Instead, the mismatch sensitivity of a DNA ligase enzyme is used to determine the underlying sequence of the target DNA molecule.
Process
DNA ligase is an enzyme that joins together ends of DNA molecules. Although commonly represented as joining two pairs of ends at once, as in the ligation of restriction enzyme fragments, ligase can also join the ends on only one of the two strands (for example, when the other strand is already continuous or lacks a terminal phosphate necessary for ligation). DNA ligase is sensitive to the structure of DNA and has very low efficiency when there are mismatches between the bases of the two strands.
Sequencing by ligation relies upon the sensitivity of DNA ligase for base-pairing mismatches. The target molecule to be sequenced is a single strand of unknown DNA sequence, flanked on at least one end by a known sequence. A short "anchor" strand is brought in to bind the known sequence.
A mixed pool of probe oligonucleotides is then brought in (eight or nine bases long), labeled (typically with fluorescent dyes) according to the position that will be sequenced. These molecules hybridize to the target DNA sequence, next to the anchor sequence, and DNA ligase preferential |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder%20of%20Charlie%20Keever%20and%20Jonathan%20Sellers | The murder of Charlie Keever and Jonathan Sellers took place on March 27, 1993, in San Diego County, California. The rape and murders were solved via DNA match eight years after their deaths.
The victims
Charles Allen "Charlie" Keever (November 1, 1979 – March 27, 1993) was a 13-year-old boy, the youngest of three children, siblings, Lisa Keever and Michael Keever. Charlie's parents are David Keever and Maria Keever. His father and two grandparents died before Charlie's murderer was discovered.
Jonathan Lee "Jon" Sellers (April 18, 1983 – March 27, 1993) was 9 years old, the fourth of six children, two minutes younger than his twin sister, Jennifer. His older half-brother, Alton Williams II, later became a cast member on The Real World: Las Vegas. His other siblings are Natasha Sellers, Dennis Michael Sellers and Tammie R. Sellers. Jonathan's parents are Dennis L. Sellers and Milena M. Sellers.
Both boys were buried in the Holy Cross Catholic Cemetery in Chollas View, San Diego.
The crime
On Saturday, March 27, 1993, Charlie Keever and Jonathan Sellers' elder brother, 13-year-old Alton Williams, decided to spend the day bike riding. However, a last-minute change of plans resulted in Alton staying behind and Jonathan joining Charlie instead. Jennifer, Jonathan's twin sister, also wanted to go along but Jonathan said he did not want a girl tagging along so Milena Sellers, Jonathan's mother, told Jennifer to let the boys enjoy the day and she could go next time; Jennifer rem |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotinylated%20retinoids | Biotinylated retinoids are derivatives of retinol (vitamin A) carrying a biotin group for use in the isolation and purification of Retinol Binding Proteins involved in the visual cycle. The first biotinylated retinoid was synthesized in 2002 and was used in the isolation and characterization of RPE65.
Notes and references
Retinoids |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreans%20in%20Peru | Koreans in Peru (; ) formed Latin America's seventh-largest Korean diaspora community , according to the statistics of South Korea's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. They are relatively small in size compared to the other Asian communities in Peru.
Migration history
The first Korean migrant to Peru is believed to have been Park Man-bok, who was invited to Peru to coach the women's national volleyball team in 1972. Under his tutelage, the team would go on to a variety of successes in the 1980s, culminating in the winning of a silver medal for their country at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul.
However, few of Park's countrymen joined him in Peru; as late as 1985, there were only nine Korean families resident in the country, totalling 27 individuals. A large portion did not come directly from Korea, but had instead first settled in Bolivia, Paraguay, or Chile. The population began to increase in 1993, as the economic and social situation in Peru stabilised; during the 1990s, roughly two or three new Korean families arrived in Peru every month. However, after 1997, their population fell by nearly 56% from 1,774 to just 788 by 2005, largely due to outward migration to Mexico and Guatemala in 1998 and 1999; some of those who had arrived via Chile also returned there.
By 2011, Peru's Korean population had recovered slightly to 1,305. According to South Korean government statistics, 24 took up Peruvian nationality, 342 stayed in Peru as permanent residents, 30 were internat |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stochastic%20partial%20differential%20equation | Stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) generalize partial differential equations via random force terms and coefficients, in the same way ordinary stochastic differential equations generalize ordinary differential equations.
They have relevance to quantum field theory, statistical mechanics, and spatial modeling.
Examples
One of the most studied SPDEs is the stochastic heat equation, which may formally be written as
where is the Laplacian and denotes space-time white noise. Other examples also include stochastic versions of famous linear equations, such as the wave equation and the Schrödinger equation.
Discussion
One difficulty is their lack of regularity. In one dimensional space, solutions to the stochastic heat equation are only almost 1/2-Hölder continuous in space and 1/4-Hölder continuous in time. For dimensions two and higher, solutions are not even function-valued, but can be made sense of as random distributions.
For linear equations, one can usually find a mild solution via semigroup techniques.
However, problems start to appear when considering non-linear equations. For example
where is a polynomial. In this case it is not even clear how one should make sense of the equation. Such an equation will also not have a function-valued solution in dimension larger than one, and hence no pointwise meaning. It is well known that the space of distributions has no product structure. This is the core problem of such a theory. This leads to the need of s |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temsirolimus | Temsirolimus, sold under the brand name Torisel, is an intravenous drug for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), developed by Wyeth Pharmaceuticals and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in May 2007, and was also approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in November 2007. It is a derivative and prodrug of sirolimus.
Mechanism of action
Temsirolimus is a specific inhibitor of mTOR and interferes with the synthesis of proteins that regulate proliferation, growth, and survival of tumor cells. Though temsirolimus shows activity on its own, it is also known to be converted to sirolimus (rapamycin) in vivo; therefore, its activity may be more attributed to its metabolite rather than the prodrug itself (despite claims to the contrary by the manufacturer). Treatment with temsirolimus leads to cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, and also inhibits tumor angiogenesis by reducing synthesis of VEGF.
mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) is a kinase enzyme inside the cell that collects and interprets the numerous and varied growth and survival signals received by tumor cells. When the kinase activity of mTOR is activated, its downstream effectors, the synthesis of cell cycle proteins such as cyclin D and hypoxia-inducible factor-1a (HIF-1a) are increased. HIF-1a then stimulates VEGF. Whether or not mTOR kinase is activated, determines whether the tumor cell produces key proteins needed for proliferation, growth, survival, and angiogenesis.
mTOR is activ |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moravec%27s%20paradox | Moravec's paradox is the observation in artificial intelligence and robotics that, contrary to traditional assumptions, reasoning requires very little computation, but sensorimotor and perception skills require enormous computational resources. The principle was articulated by Hans Moravec, Rodney Brooks, Marvin Minsky and others in the 1980s. Moravec wrote in 1988, "it is comparatively easy to make computers exhibit adult level performance on intelligence tests or playing checkers, and difficult or impossible to give them the skills of a one-year-old when it comes to perception and mobility".
Similarly, Minsky emphasized that the most difficult human skills to reverse engineer are those that are below the level of conscious awareness. "In general, we're least aware of what our minds do best", he wrote, and added "we're more aware of simple processes that don't work well than of complex ones that work flawlessly". Steven Pinker wrote in 1994 that "the main lesson of thirty-five years of AI research is that the hard problems are easy and the easy problems are hard."
By the 2020s, in accordance to Moore's law, computers were hundreds of millions of times faster than in the 1970s, and the additional computer power was finally sufficient to begin to handle perception and sensory skills, as Moravec had predicted in 1976. In 2017, leading machine learning researcher Andrew Ng presented a "highly imperfect rule of thumb", that "almost anything a typical human can do with less tha |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-linked%20enzyme%20aggregate | In biochemistry, a cross-linked enzyme aggregate is an immobilized enzyme prepared via cross-linking of the physical enzyme aggregates with a difunctional cross-linker. They can be used as stereoselective industrial biocatalysts.
Background
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze (i.e. accelerate) chemical reactions. They are natural catalysts and are ubiquitous, in plants, animals and microorganisms where they catalyze processes that are vital to living organisms. They are intimately involved in numerous biotechnological processes, such as cheese making, beer brewing and winemaking, that date back to the dawn of civilization. Recent advances in biotechnology, particularly in genetic and protein engineering, and genetics have provided the basis for the efficient development of enzymes with improved properties for established applications and novel, tailor-made enzymes for completely new applications where enzymes were not previously used.
Today, enzymes are widely applied in many different industries and the number of applications continues to increase. Examples include food (baking, dairy products, starch conversion) and beverage (beer, wine, fruit and vegetable juices) processing, animal feed, textiles, pulp and paper, detergents, biosensors, cosmetics, health care and nutrition, waste water treatment, pharmaceutical and chemical manufacture and, more recently, biofuels such as biodiesel. The main driver for the widespread application of enzymes is their small environmental f |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pale-bellied%20mourner | The pale-bellied mourner (Rhytipterna immunda) is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae.
It is found in Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Suriname, and Venezuela. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.
References
pale-bellied mourner
Birds of the Amazon rainforest
Birds of the Guianas
pale-bellied mourner
pale-bellied mourner
pale-bellied mourner
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhytipterna | Rhytipterna is a genus of bird in the tyrant flycatcher family Tyrannidae. They share the common name "mourner" with several species in the family Tityridae.
The genus contains three species:
References
Tyrannidae
Bird genera
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Taxa named by Ludwig Reichenbach |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greyish%20mourner | The greyish mourner (Rhytipterna simplex) is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae.
It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest.
References
greyish mourner
Birds of the Amazon rainforest
Birds of the Guianas
Birds of the Atlantic Forest
greyish mourner
Birds of Brazil
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automation%20Studio | Automation Studio is a circuit design, simulation and project documentation software for fluid power systems and electrical projects conceived by Famic Technologies Inc. It is used for CAD, maintenance, and training purposes. Mainly used by engineers, trainers, and service and maintenance personnel. Automation Studio can be applied in the design, training and troubleshooting of hydraulics, pneumatics, HMI, and electrical control systems.
Two versions of the software exist:
Automation Studio Professional
Automation Studio Educational
The educational version of Automation Studio is a limited features version used by engineering and technical schools to train students who are future engineers or technicians. The software is designed for schools that teach technical subjects such as industrial technologies, mechatronics, electromechanical technologies, electrical & electronics, automation, and maintenance. Modeling and simulation are used to illustrate theoretical aspects.
Libraries
Automation Studio has various symbol libraries. All libraries follow standards such as ISO, IEC, JIC and NEMA.
Hydraulics
Hydraulic Manifold Block
Pneumatics
Electrical (IEC & NEMA standards)
Fluid Power & Electrical Component Sizing
Valve Spool Designer
OPC communications server
Bill of Materials & Report
PLC Ladder Logic
HMI & Control Panel
Digital Electronics
Sequential Function Chart (GRAFCET)
Electrical Controls
Multi-Fluid Simulation
Teachware
Manufacturer's Catalogue
Workf |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptolydigin | Streptolydigin (Stl) is an antibiotic that works by inhibiting nucleic acid chain elongation by binding to RNA polymerase, thus inhibiting RNA synthesis inside a cell. Streptolydigin inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase, but not eukaryotic RNA polymerase. It has antibacterial activity against a number of Gram positive bacteria.
References
Antibiotics
Spiro compounds
Pyrrolidones
Propionamides |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van%20Wijngaarden%20transformation | In mathematics and numerical analysis, the van Wijngaarden transformation is a variant on the Euler transform used to accelerate the convergence of an alternating series.
One algorithm to compute Euler's transform runs as follows: Compute a row of partial sums and form rows of averages between neighbors The first column then contains the partial sums of the Euler transform.
Adriaan van Wijngaarden's contribution was to point out that it is better not to carry this procedure through to the very end, but to stop two-thirds of the way. If are available, then is almost always a better approximation to the sum than . In many cases the diagonal terms do not converge in one cycle so process of averaging is to be repeated with diagonal terms by bringing them in a row. (For example, this will be needed in a geometric series with ratio .) This process of successive averaging of the average of partial sum can be replaced by using the formula to calculate the diagonal term.
For a simple-but-concrete example, recall the Leibniz formula for pi The algorithm described above produces the following table:
These correspond to the following algorithmic outputs:
References
See also
Euler summation
Mathematical series
Numerical analysis |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keying%20%28telecommunications%29 | Keying is a family of modulation forms where the modulating signal takes one of a specific (predetermined) number of values at all times. The goal of keying is to transmit a digital signal over an analog channel. The name derives from the Morse code key used for telegraph signaling.
Modulation is the general technique of shaping a signal to convey information. When a digital message has to be represented as an analog waveform, the technique and term keying (or digital modulation) is used. Keying is characterized by the fact that the modulating signal will have a limited number of states (or values) at all times, to represent the corresponding digital states (commonly zero and one, although this might depend on the number of symbols used). This is in contrast to analogue modulation, where an analogue signal is transmitted over an analogue channel, and where the modulated analogue signal will have an infinite number of meaningful states.
Furthermore, note that keying or digital modulation applies to transmitting a digital signal over an analogue passband channel. When a digital signal is to be transmitted over an analogue baseband channel, the modulation technique is termed line coding.
Several keying techniques exist, including phase-shift keying, frequency-shift keying, and amplitude-shift keying. Bluetooth, for example, uses phase-shift keying to exchange information between devices.
An overview of keying techniques is given at .
Radio modulation modes
Telecommunication |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Leicester%20City%20F.C.%20records%20and%20statistics | This article collates key records and statistics relating to Leicester City F.C., including information on honours, player appearances and goals, matches, sequences, internationals, season records, opponents and attendances.
Honours
League
First Division / Premier League (level 1)
Champions: 2015–16
Runners-up: 1928–29
Second Division / First Division / Championship (level 2)
Champions (7, joint record): 1924–25, 1936–37, 1953–54, 1956–57, 1970–71, 1979–80, 2013–14
Runners-up: 1907–08, 2002–03
Play-off winners: 1994, 1996
League One (level 3)
Champions: 2008–09
Cup
FA Cup
Winners: 2020–21
Runners-up: 1948–49, 1960–61, 1962–63, 1968–69
League Cup
Winners: 1963–64, 1996–97, 1999–2000
Runners-up: 1964–65, 1998–99
FA Charity Shield / FA Community Shield
Winners: 1971, 2021
Runners-up: 2016
Appearances
Most appearances
All-time most appearances (Does not include wartime appearances)
Current players in bold.
Most appearances – 600 by Graham Cross (29 April 1961 – 23 August 1975)
Most league appearances – 528 by Adam Black (24 January 1920 – 9 February 1935)
Most appearances in the first tier (Premier League and predecessors) – 414 by Graham Cross
Most appearances in the second tier (Championship and predecessors) – 304 by Mal Griffiths
Most appearances in the third tier (League One and predecessors) – 46 by Matty Fryatt
Most FA Cup appearances – 59 by Graham Cross (8 January 1963 – 24 February 1975)
Most League Cup appearances – 40 by Graham Cross (26 Septe |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypts%20of%20Henle | Crypts of Henle are microscopic pockets found in scattered sections of the conjunctiva around the eyeball. They are responsible for secreting mucin, a proteinous substance that makes up the inner layer of tears. It coats the cornea to provide a hydrophilic layer that allows for even distribution of the tear film. The layer of mucin allows tears to glide evenly across the eye's surface. The crypts of Henle are named after German anatomist Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle (1809-1885).
Another anatomical structure called the glands of Manz perform a similar function. They are located in the eyeball's conjunctiva, arranged in a ring around the cornea, near the scleral junction. They also are responsible for secreting mucin into tears.
References
Essay on "Dry Eye"
Crypts of Henle |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban%20warbler | The Cuban warblers are a genus, Teretistris, and family, Teretistridae, of birds endemic to Cuba and its surrounding cays. Until 2002 they were thought to be New World warblers, but DNA studies have shown that they are not closely related to that family. The family consists of two species, the yellow-headed warbler and the Oriente warbler. Both species are found in forest and scrub, with the yellow-headed warbler ranging in the west of the island and the Oriente warbler in the east. The Cuban warblers are long and have similar yellow and grey plumage.
The Cuban warblers are insectivores, with beetles forming a large part of the diet. Small reptiles and fruit are also taken. They feed in bushes and trees, in pairs or in small flocks during the non-breeding season, and are often the nucleus species for mixed-species feeding flocks with other birds, particularly migrants from North America.
Taxonomy
The genus Teretistris was long thought to sit in the New World warbler family Parulidae, until a 2002 study examined 25 genera of New World warbler using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA found that six genera were best placed outside the family, including Teretistris. Five of the genera had long been suspected to not sit comfortably inside Parulidae, but before this study there had never been a suggestion that Teretistris did not belong in the New World warbler family.
A follow-up study published in 2013 supported the separation of the genus from Parulidae but found it difficult to |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebra%20%28river%29 | The Rebra is a right tributary of the river Someșul Mare in Romania. Its source is in the Rodna Mountains. It discharges into the Someșul Mare near Rebrișoara. Its length is and its basin size is . The upper reach of the river, upstream from the confluence with the Gușatul Mare at Gura Rebra, is also known as Rebrișoara.
References
Rivers of Romania
Rivers of Bistrița-Năsăud County |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KLF1 | Krueppel-like factor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KLF1 gene. The gene for KLF1 is on the human chromosome 19 and on mouse chromosome 8. Krueppel-like factor 1 is a transcription factor that is necessary for the proper maturation of erythroid (red blood) cells.
Structure
The molecule has two domains; the transactivation domain and the chromatin-remodeling domain. The carboxyl (C) terminal is composed of three C2H2 zinc fingers that binds to DNA, and the amino (N) terminus is proline rich and acidic.
Function
Studies in mice first demonstrated the critical function of KLF1 in hematopoietic development. KLF1 deficient (knockout) mouse embryos exhibit a lethal anemic phenotype, fail to promote the transcription of adult β-globin, and die by embryonic day 15.
Over-expression of KLF1 results in a reduction of the number of circulating platelets and hastens the onset of the β-globin gene.
KLF1 coordinates the regulation of six cellular pathways that are all essential to terminal erythroid differentiation:
Cell Membrane & Cytoskeleton
Apoptosis
Heme Synthesis & Transport
Cell Cycling
Iron Procurement
Globin Chain Production
It has also been linked to three main processes that are all essential to transcription of the β globin gene:
Chromatin remodeling
Modulation of the gamma to beta globin switch
Transcriptional activation
KLF1 binds specifically to the "CACCC" motif of the β-globin gene promoter. When natural mutations occur in the promoter, β |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%A9guet%2017 | The Bréguet 17 was a two-seat biplane fighter developed in France towards the end of World War I and operated by that country during the 1920s.
Design and development
The Bréguet 17 was a derivative of the highly successful 14 bomber, but somewhat scaled down and carrying a more powerful engine and heavier machine gun armament in place of a bomb load. The French Army was impressed enough to place orders for 1,000 of these aircraft during 1918, to be delivered the following year. The end of World War I ended these plans, but some limited production did take place into the early 1920s.
Operational history
The type was operated as the Bre.17C.2 with several escadrilles as a supplement to existing aircraft, but never formed the basis for any one unit on its own. A single example was converted into a prototype night fighter, but no production ensued.
Variants
Bre.17C.2
Main production version.
Bre.17
Night fighter prototype.
Operators
French Army
Specifications
References
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes with negative stagger
1910s French fighter aircraft
0017
Aircraft first flown in 1918 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boettcher%20cell | Boettcher cells are a special cell type located in the inner ear.
Boettcher cells are polyhedral cells on the basilar membrane of the cochlea, and are located beneath Claudius cells. Boettcher cells are considered supporting cells for the organ of Corti, and are present only in the lower turn of the cochlea. These cells interweave with each other, and project microvilli into the intercellular space.
Because of their structural specialization, Boettcher cells are believed to play a significant role in the function of the cochlea. They demonstrate high levels of calmodulin, and may be involved in mediating Ca2+ regulation and ion transport. Boettcher cells are named after German pathologist Arthur Boettcher (1831-1889).
Nitric oxide synthase is detected abundantly in the cytoplasm of their interdigitations. Their ultrastructure suggests that they perform both secretory and absorptive functions. Panx1 expression has been observed.
References
Ear
Auditory system
Human cells
nl:Haarcel |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-endocytosis | Trans-endocytosis is the biological process where material created in one cell undergoes endocytosis (enters) into another cell. If the material is large enough, this can be observed using an electron microscope. Trans-endocytosis from neurons to glia has been observed using time-lapse microscopy.
Trans-endocytosis also applies to molecules. For example, this process is involved when a part of the protein Notch is cleaved off and undergoes endocytosis into its neighboring cell. Without Notch trans-endocytosis, there would be too many neurons in a developing embryo. Trans-endocytosis is also involved in cell movement when the protein ephrin is bound by its receptor from a neighboring cell.
References
Cellular processes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel%20Fortran%20Compiler | Intel Fortran Compiler, as part of Intel OneAPI HPC toolkit, is a group of Fortran compilers from Intel for Windows, macOS, and Linux.
Overview
The compilers generate code for IA-32 and Intel 64 processors and certain non-Intel but compatible processors, such as certain AMD processors. A specific release of the compiler (11.1) remains available for development of Linux-based applications for IA-64 (Itanium 2) processors. On Windows, it is known as Intel Visual Fortran. On macOS and Linux, it is known as Intel Fortran. In 2020 the existing compiler was renamed “Intel Fortran Compiler Classic” (ifort) and a new Intel Fortran Compiler for oneAPI (ifx) supporting GPU offload was introduced.
The 2021 release of the Classic compiler adds full Fortran support through the 2018 standard, full OpenMP* 4.5, and Initial Open MP 5.1 for CPU only. The 2021 beta compiler focuses on OpenMP for GPU Offload. When used with the Intel OneAPI HPC toolkit (see the "Description of Packaging" below) the compiler can also automatically generate Message Passing Interface calls for distributed memory multiprocessing from OpenMP directives.
For more information on Fortran standards, a number or resources are available, such as the Wikipedia Fortran entry or the Fortran wiki page.
The Intel Fortran package included the Intel Array Visualizer, a visualization tool for scientific formats such as FITS and netCDF, which can produce x-y plots, contour plots, and image plots, and save them to other formats |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine%20trogon | The Philippine trogon (Harpactes ardens) is a species of bird in the family Trogonidae. Primarily due to its plumage and colors, the bird has been associated with the mythical Ibong Adarna from Filipino epic poems. It is endemic to the Philippines.
Description
The males head and throat is black and its face is blue. The neck and mantle are brown, rump light brown with a rufous tail. The breast is light grey to pink, a red breast line and a paler red under pant. The females are duller in all colors.
Habitat
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.
It is common in forest and secondary growth, and it is usually found alone or in pairs perched 5 to 10 m from the ground in a dark recess on a vine or branch in the understory.
Reproduction
It builds its nest in a hole in a dead tree 6 meters up. Its clutch size is 3 eggs.
Feeding
Not much is known, but, grasshoppers are plucked from branches.
References
Philippine trogon
Endemic birds of the Philippines
Philippine trogon
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Balls | Michael Balls (born 1938) is a British zoologist and professor emeritus of medical cell biology at the University of Nottingham. He is best known for his work on laboratory animal welfare and alternatives to animal testing.
Early life and education
Balls was born in 1938 in Norwich, Norfolk, the third son of Nellie Mary (née Dawson) and Charles Edward Dunbar Balls. He studied zoology at Oxford University, graduating with a second in 1960. He conducted research for a DPhil from Oxford at the University of Geneva Switzerland between 1961 and 1964, followed by post-doctoral research at the University of California, Berkeley, CA, and at Reed College, Portland, OR, from 1964 to 1966.
Career
Balls lectured in the School of Biological Sciences at the University of East Anglia, a job that he had got through his friend Ian Gibson. During that time he taught at Eton for a term. In 1975, he moved to the University of Nottingham Medical School as a senior lecturer in the Department of Human Morphology. Balls became Reader in Medical Cell Biology in 1985 and was promoted to Professor of Medical Cell Biology in 1990. Since 1995, he has been an emeritus professor at Nottingham.
Balls became a Trustee of Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments (FRAME) in 1979, and was Chairman of the Trustees from 1981 until his resignation in June 2013. He was Editor-in-Chief of Alternatives to Laboratory Animals (ATLA) from 1983 to 2018.
He acted as an adviser to the British governm |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergio%20Luque | Sergio Luque is a composer of vocal, instrumental and electroacoustic music. His work often involves computer-aided algorithmic composition and stochastic processes.
His music has been performed by the Birmingham Contemporary Music Group, Les Jeunes Solistes, Garth Knox, the Nieuw Ensemble and the Schönberg Ensemble, among others, and has been presented in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Germany, France, Switzerland, Austria, Spain, the United States, Mexico, Cuba, El Salvador, Chile, Argentina, Japan and Australia.
He has a PhD in Musical Composition from the University of Birmingham, where he studied with Jonty Harrison and Scott Wilson, and was a member of BEAST (Birmingham ElectroAcoustic Sound Theatre). During his PhD, he worked on the development of stochastic synthesis, a synthesis technique invented by Iannis Xenakis.
In 2006, he received a master's degree with Distinction in Sonology from the Institute of Sonology at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague, studying with Paul Berg and Kees Tazelaar. In 2004, he received a master's degree in Composition from the Conservatory of Rotterdam, studying with Klaas de Vries and René Uijlenhoet. He has a bachelor's degree in Composition from the Musical Studies and Research Centre (CIEM, Mexico).
External links
Official site
Sergio Luque. "The Stochastic Synthesis of Iannis Xenakis," Leonardo Music Journal 19 (2009): 77-84
References
21st-century classical composers
Mexican classical composers
Musicians fro |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propentofylline | Propentofylline (HWA 285) is a xanthine derivative drug with purported neuroprotective effects.
Pharmacology
It is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, and also acts as an adenosine reuptake inhibitor.
Uses
Propentofylline was studied as a possible treatment for Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia, and has been studied, to a lesser extent, as a possible adjunct in the treatment of ischemic stroke, due to its vasodilating properties.
Propentofylline is in use as a veterinary medicine in older dogs.
See also
Pentoxifylline
External links
Summary of research, including possible multipartite mechanisms
References
Xanthines
Ketones
PDE4 inhibitors
Adenosine reuptake inhibitors
Adenosine receptor antagonists |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nizofenone | Nizofenone (Ekonal, Midafenone) is a neuroprotective drug which protects neurons from death following cerebral anoxia (interruption of oxygen supply to the brain). It might thus be useful in the treatment of acute neurological conditions such as stroke.
References
The following articles should be added in references:
Yasuda H (1999). Prevention of neurodegeneration by a neuroprotective radical scavenger.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 893: 430-3. PMID: 10672283
Hayashi Y, Shimada O, Yasuda H, Ikegami K (1994).
Effect of nizofenone on experimental head trauma in mice.
Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 328(3): 251-60. PMID: 7625881
Yasuda H, Kishiro K, Izumi N, Nakanishi M (1985).
Biphasic liberation of arachidonic and stearic acids during cerebral ischemia.
J Neurochem. 45(1): 168-72. PMID: 2987409
Yasuda H, Ochi H, Tsumagari T (1984).
Stimulation of prostacyclin synthesis by nizofenone.
Biochem Pharmacol. 33(17): 2707-9. PMID: 6431991
Saito I, Asano T, Ochiai C, Takakura K, Tamura A, Sano K (1983).
A double-blind clinical evaluation of the effect of Nizofenone (Y-9179) on delayed ischemic neurological deficits following aneurysmal rupture.
Neurol Res. 5(4): 29-47. PMID: 6149485
Ochiai C, Asano T, Takakura K, Fukuda T, Horizoe H, Morimoto Y (1982).
Mechanisms of cerebral protection by pentobarbital and nizofenone correlated with the course of local cerebral blood flow changes.
Stroke. 13(6): 788-96. PMID: 7147293
Yasuda H, Shimada O, Nakajima A, Asano T (1981).
Cere |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolintane | Prolintane (Catovit, Katovit, Promotil, Villescon) is a stimulant and norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor developed in the 1950s. It is the member of amphetamine and derivatives. It is closely related in chemical structure to other drugs such as pyrovalerone, MDPV, and propylhexedrine and it has a similar mechanism of action. Many cases of prolintane abuse have been reported.
Under the trade-name "Katovit", prolintane was commercialized by the Spanish pharmaceutical company, FHER. Katovit was sold until 2001, and was most often used by students and workers as a stimulant to provide energy, promote alertness and concentration.
See also
α-PVP (β-ketone-prolintane, prolintanone)
Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV)
Pyrovalerone (Centroton, Thymergix)
Phenylpropylaminopentane
References
Stimulants
1-Pyrrolidinyl compounds
Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors
Phenethylamines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayed%20Abdel%20Hafeez | Sayed Mohamed Mohamed Abdel Hafeez (; born 27 October 1977) is an Egyptian retired professional footballer who played as a winger.
Career statistics
International
International Goals
Scores and results list Egypt's goal tally first.
Honours
Club
Al Ahly
Egyptian Premier League: 1996–97, 1997–98, 1998–99, 1999–00, 2004–05, 2005–06
Egypt Cup: 2001, 2003
Egyptian Super Cup: 2002, 2005
CAF Champions League: 2001, 2005
CAF Super Cup: 2002
External links
1977 births
Living people
People from Faiyum
Egyptian men's footballers
Egyptian expatriate men's footballers
Egypt men's international footballers
Al Ahly SC players
Al Wehda FC players
2000 African Cup of Nations players
Egyptian Premier League players
Saudi Pro League players
Expatriate men's footballers in Saudi Arabia
Egyptian expatriate sportspeople in Saudi Arabia
Men's association football midfielders |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.