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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACCD
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ACCD may refer to:
accD, the beta subunit of the Acetyl-CoA carboxylase enzyme
Austin Community College District
American Coalition of Citizens with Disabilities
Art Center College of Design
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UPPP
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UPPP may refer to:
Undecaprenyl-diphosphatase, an enzyme
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, a surgical procedure
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryll-Nardzewski%20fixed-point%20theorem
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In functional analysis, a branch of mathematics, the Ryll-Nardzewski fixed-point theorem states that if is a normed vector space and is a nonempty convex subset of that is compact under the weak topology, then every group (or equivalently: every semigroup) of affine isometries of has at least one fixed point. (Here, a fixed point of a set of maps is a point that is fixed by each map in the set.)
This theorem was announced by Czesław Ryll-Nardzewski. Later Namioka and Asplund gave a proof based on a different approach. Ryll-Nardzewski himself gave a complete proof in the original spirit.
Applications
The Ryll-Nardzewski theorem yields the existence of a Haar measure on compact groups.
See also
Fixed-point theorems
Fixed-point theorems in infinite-dimensional spaces
Markov-Kakutani fixed-point theorem - abelian semigroup of continuous affine self-maps on compact convex set in a topological vector space has a fixed point
References
Andrzej Granas and James Dugundji, Fixed Point Theory (2003) Springer-Verlag, New York, .
A proof written by J. Lurie
Fixed-point theorems
Theorems in functional analysis
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DENR
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DENR may refer to:
DENR (gene), human gene which encodes the density regulated re-initiation and release factor protein
Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Philippines
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality, formerly the Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Department of Environment and Natural Resources, a predecessor of the Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources (South Australia)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford%20Ecohouse
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Oxford Ecohouse is a house in Oxford designed to maximise energy efficiency. It is equipped with the first photovoltaic cell roof installed in Britain (in 1995). Situated in a suburban street in North Oxford, it was designed by Susan Roaf, a professor at Heriot-Watt University. A six bedroom family home, it produces only 130 kg /annum per metre square, in contrast to comparable UK houses that produce 5000 kg /annum m². It has 4 kW peak of photovoltaic output, 5m² of solar hot water panels and additional heating from a passive solar sun space. It was designed using low energy construction techniques, high thermal mass and a wood-burning stove to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by over 95%. The house has featured in a number of architecture books and is used as a research source in sustainable design.
See also
Energy efficiency in British housing
References
Further reading
Sue Roaf, Manuel Fuentes, Stephanie Thomas - Ecohouse 2 (Architectural Press, 2003)
External links
Oxford Solar Initiative
Buildings and structures in Oxford
Low-energy building in the United Kingdom
Energy conservation in the United Kingdom
Sustainable buildings in the United Kingdom
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semicarbazide
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Semicarbazide is the chemical compound with the formula OC(NH2)(N2H3). It is a water-soluble white solid. It is a derivative of urea.
Synthesis
The compound prepared by treating urea with hydrazine:
OC(NH2)2 + N2H4 → OC(NH2)(N2H3) + NH3
A further reaction can occur to give carbohydrazide:
OC(NH2)(N2H3) + N2H4 → OC(N2H3)2 + NH3
Derivatives
Semicarbazide is frequently reacted with aldehydes and ketones to produce semicarbazones via a condensation reaction. This is an example of imine formation resulting from the reaction of a primary amine with a carbonyl group. The reaction is useful because semicarbazones, like oximes and 2,4-DNPs, typically have high melting points and crystallize, facilitating purification or identification of reaction products.
Properties
Semicarbazide products (semicarbazones and thiosemicarbazones) are known to have an activity of antiviral, antiinfective and antineoplastic through binding to copper or iron in cells.
Uses, occurrence, detection
Semicarbazide is used in preparing pharmaceuticals including nitrofuran antibacterials (furazolidone, nitrofurazone, nitrofurantoin) and related compounds. It is also a product of degradations of the blowing agent azodicarbonamide (ADC). Semicarbazide forms in heat-treated flour containing ADC as well as breads made from ADC-treated flour.
Semicarbazide is used as a detection reagent in thin layer chromatography (TLC). Semicarbazide stains α-keto acids on the TLC plate, which can then b
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semicarbazone
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In organic chemistry, a semicarbazone is a derivative of imines formed by a condensation reaction between a ketone or aldehyde and semicarbazide. They are classified as imine derivatives because they are formed from the reaction of an aldehyde or ketone with the terminal -NH2 group of semicarbazide, which behaves very similarly to primary amines.
Formation
For ketones
H2NNHC(=O)NH2 + RC(=O)R → R2C=NNHC(=O)NH2
For aldehydes
H2NNHC(=O)NH2 + RCHO → RCH=NNHC(=O)NH2
For example, the semicarbazone of acetone would have the structure (CH3)2C=NNHC(=O)NH2.
Properties and uses
Some semicarbazones, such as nitrofurazone, and thiosemicarbazones are known to have anti-viral and anti-cancer activity, usually mediated through binding to copper or iron in cells. Many semicarbazones are crystalline solids, useful for the identification of the parent aldehydes/ketones by melting point analysis.
A thiosemicarbazone is an analog of a semicarbazone which contains a sulfur atom in place of the oxygen atom.
See also
Carbazone
Carbazide
Thiosemicarbazone
References
External links
Compounds Containing a N-CO-N-N or More Complex Group
Functional groups
Semicarbazones
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodernist%20film
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Postmodernist film is a classification for works that articulate the themes and ideas of postmodernism through the medium of cinema. Some of the goals of postmodernist film are to subvert the mainstream conventions of narrative structure and characterization, and to test the audience's suspension of disbelief. Typically, such films also break down the cultural divide between high and low art and often upend typical portrayals of gender, race, class, genre, and time with the goal of creating something that does not abide by traditional narrative expression.
Specific elements
Modernist film came to maturity in the era between WWI and WWII with characteristics such as montage and symbolic imagery, and often took the form of expressionist cinema and surrealist cinema (as seen in the works of Fritz Lang and Luis Buñuel) while postmodernist film – similar to postmodernism as a whole – is a reaction to the modernist works and to their tendencies (such as nostalgia and angst). Modernist cinema has been said to have "explored and exposed the formal concerns of the medium by placing them at the forefront of consciousness. Modernist cinema questions and made visible the meaning-production practices of film." The auteur theory and idea of an author creating a work from their singular vision was a cultural advancement that coincided with the further maturation of modernist cinema. It has been said that "To investigate the transparency of the image is modernist but to undermine its refere
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edna%20S.%20Purcell%20House
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The Edna S. Purcell house (now known as the Purcell–Cutts House) was designed by the firm of Purcell, Feick and Elmslie for architect William Purcell and his family in 1913. It is located in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
The dwelling is a notable example of Prairie School architecture, featuring a long, narrow floor plan that disregards Victorian concepts about room divisions. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. It is now part of the collection of the Minneapolis Institute of Art and has been extensively restored. The museum conducts tours on the second weekend of every month.
History
The “Edna Purcell dwelling,” as it was referred to in its original project files, was built in 1913. William Purcell and partner George Elmslie collaborated on the house, designed for a narrow, 50- by 150-foot city lot near Lake of the Isles in Minneapolis, Minnesota; construction costs totaled $14,500. While George Feick Jr., appears as a partner on the project, he was not involved in the house's design and left the partnership that year.
William Purcell and his wife, Edna, conceived plans for a permanent home in 1911, while they were residing in an apartment building on Humboldt Avenue in Minneapolis. Having adopted their son James that year, they needed a new space for their daily needs that also accommodated their increased social activity and showcased the architectural firm's expertise.
The house was built at 2328 Lake Place, near the residence that Purcell an
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20Australian%20Lacrosse%20League%20season
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Results and statistics for the Australian Lacrosse League season of 2006.
Game 15
Friday, 20 October 2006, Perth, Western Australia
Goalscorers:
WA: Nathan Rainey 4-1, Adam Sear 4-1, Alex Brown 2-1, Travis Roost 2, Jason Battaglia 1, Adam Delfs 1, Jesse Stack 0-1.
SA: Ryan Gaspari 2-1, Anson Carter 2.
Game 16
Saturday, 21 October 2006, Perth, Western Australia
Goalscorers:
WA: Alex Brown 4-1, Adam Delfs 3, Adam Sear 3, Nathan Rainey 2, Russell Brown 1-1, Jason Battaglia 1, Travis Roost 1, Jesse Stack 1, Glen Morley 0-1, James Watson-Galbraith 0-1.
SA: Anson Carter 5, Shane Gilbert 1, Brendan Twiggs 1, Nigel Wapper 1.
Game 17
Friday, 27 October 2006, Melbourne, Victoria
Goalscorers:
Vic: Ben Newman 2-1, Robbie Stark 2, Damian Arnell 1, Clinton Lander 1, Aaron Onafretchook 1, Tristan Tomasino 1, Marty Hyde 0-1.
WA: Brad Goddard 2-1, Nathan Roost 2, Adam Sear 1, Jesse Stack 1, Russell Brown 0-1, Adam Delfs 0-1, James Watson-Galbraith 0-1.
Game 18
Saturday, 28 October 2006, Melbourne, Victoria
Goalscorers:
Vic: Adam Townley 3, Aaron Onafretchook 2-1, Clinton Lander 2, Robert Chamberlain 1-5, Marty Hyde 1-1, Robbie Stark 1-1, Josh Naughton 1.
WA: Adam Sear 3, Russell Brown 1-1, Alex Brown 1, Adam Delfs 1, Brad Goddard 0-1.
Game 19
Friday, 3 November 2006, Adelaide, South Australia
Goalscorers:
SA: Anson Carter 2, Nigel Wapper 2, Ryan Gaspari 1-1, Shane Gilbert 1, Philip McConnell 0-1, knocked-in 1.
Vic: Robert Chamberlain 2-1, Adam Townley 2-1, Clinton Lander 2, Rob
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Csorna
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Csorna is a town in Győr-Moson-Sopron county, Hungary. Csorna is located near the Fertő-Hanság National Park. There are two districts in the town: the Földsziget and the Csatárimajor.
Etymology
The name comes from Slavic *Cherna/Chorna (black), see also e.g. Čierna, Černá or Czarna.
History
At 13 June 1849, during the Hungarian War of Independence of 1848 and 1849, in the Battle of Csorna the Hungarian division led by Colonel György Kmety defeated the Austrian troops led by Major General Franz Wyss, who died in the battle. The Hungarian peasants tried to help the Hungarian troops, and because of this the Austrians when they returned to Csorna on 21 June, they burned the city to punish its inhabitants.
Jews
Jews first settled in the town in the second half of the 18th century, at the invitation of the estate owner, count Eszterhazy. The majority were engaged in commerce, while there were some industrialists. The community was organized in 1853. the synagogue was built in 1854 and enlarged in 1884. because of differences between haredim and maskilim (reformer) at the Jewish congress in 1868, the community affiliated with the orthodox stream (which refused to accept the decisions of congress). In 1885 land was obtained for a cemetery and a Khevra Kadisha was established. There were also a school, Talmud Torah and charitable institutions.
In World War I 19 Jews fell in action. During the period of the "White Terror" (1919–21) one Jew was murdered.
In 1930 the community numbe
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20reliability
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The term data reliability may refer to:
Reliability (statistics), the overall consistency of a measure
Data integrity, the maintenance of, and the assurance of the accuracy and consistency of, data over its entire life-cycle
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromodeoxyuridine
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Bromodeoxyuridine (5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine, BrdU, BUdR, BrdUrd, broxuridine) is a synthetic nucleoside analogue with a chemical structure similar to thymidine. BrdU is commonly used to study cell proliferation in living tissues and has been studied as a radiosensitizer and diagnostic tool in people with cancer.
During the S phase of the cell cycle (when DNA replication occurs), BrdU can be incorporated in place of thymidine in newly synthesized DNA molecules of dividing cells. Cells that have recently performed DNA replication or DNA repair can be detected with antibodies specific for BrdU using techniques such as immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence. BrdU-labelled cells in humans can be detected up to two years after BrdU infusion.
Because BrdU can replace thymidine during DNA replication, it can cause mutations, and its use is therefore potentially a health hazard. However, because it is neither radioactive nor myelotoxic at labeling concentrations, it is widely preferred for in vivo studies of cancer cell proliferation. However, at radiosensitizing concentrations, BrdU becomes myelosuppressive, thus limiting its use for radiosensitizing.
BrdU differs from thymidine in that BrdU substitutes a bromine atom for thymidine's CH3 group. The Br substitution can be used in X-ray diffraction experiments in crystals containing either DNA or RNA. The Br atom acts as an anomalous scatterer and its larger size will affect the crystal's X-ray diffraction enough to detect iso
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spheroidal%20wave%20equation
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In mathematics, the spheroidal wave equation is given by
It is a generalization of the Mathieu differential equation.
If is a solution to this equation and we define , then is a prolate spheroidal wave function in the sense that it satisfies the equation
See also
Wave equation
References
Bibliography
M. Abramowitz and I. Stegun, Handbook of Mathematical function (US Gov. Printing Office, Washington DC, 1964)
H. Bateman, Partial Differential Equations of Mathematical Physics (Dover Publications, New York, 1944)
Ordinary differential equations
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumaraswamy%20%28disambiguation%29
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Kumaraswamy or Kumaraswami is a given name for a male South Indians. It may also refer to:
Kumaraswamy distribution, a distribution form related to probability theory and statistics
Murugan, also called Kumaraswami, most popular Hindu deity amongst Tamils of Tamil Nadu state in India
Kumaraswamy Layout, a residential locality in southern Bangalore, India
See also
Coomaraswamy (disambiguation)
Kumarasamy (disambiguation)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girl%20Authority
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Girl Authority was an American cover pop girl group. The group consisted of nine girls, at the time, ranging in ages 8 to 13; Jacqueline Laviolette, Carly Grayson, Jessica "Jess" Bonner, Crystal Evans, Kate Barker, Zoë Virant, Jessica Tarr, Gina Miele and Alexandra "Alex" Bilbo. The group was established in the summer of 2005 by the group's vocal coach/executive producer Samantha Hammel, Scott Billington (a Grammy award-winning producer) and the CEO of Rounder Records, John Virant, the father of Zoe, one of the members of Girl Authority. Based on the oldest girls graduating high school; in the summer of 2010, the girls contracts with Rounder Records ceased, and the band officially retired. Currently, the majority of the group members are attending or just graduating college. All of these girls are still close friends and get together for reunions.
All of the girls participated in local musical theater together for five years before joining the group. Each member of the group had a persona during their time in the group; Laviolette was All-Star Girl, Grayson was Glamour Girl, Bonner was Boho Girl, Evans was Country Girl, Barker was Party Girl, Virant was Preppy Girl, Tarr was Rock N' Roll Girl, Miele was Urban Girl, and Bilbo was Fashion Girl.
Girl Authority's self-titled album was released on the Zoë Records label in April 2006. The album reached #9 on Billboard's Top Kid Audio chart and #17 on the Top Heatseekers chart. On the album, the girls recorded past songs such as M
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20E.%20Orton
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David E. Orton (born 1955) is an American engineering executive and the CEO of GEO Semiconductor Inc.
Orton earned a BS in mathematics and economics at Wake Forest University, and a MS in electrical engineering from Duke University. He worked in the graphics and semiconductor industry as an engineer at Bell Laboratories in 1979 to 1983 and then General Electric through December 1988. He joined Silicon Graphics (SGI) in 1990, and was senior vice president of visual computing and advanced systems through 1999. In 1996 SGI bought Cray Research and Orton had to deal with merging the companies' overlapping technologies.
Orton joined ATI Technologies as a result of an acquisition of ArtX in April 2000, where he was president and CEO. ATI posted losses after the dot-com bubble collapsed, although losses were reduced by June 2001.
He was named CEO of ATI in March 2004.
Though ATI's principal location was in Markham, Ontario, Canada, Orton spent a portion of his time in California where he resided.
After the announced merger of Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) with ATI on July 24, 2006, as ATI Technologies became a subsidiary of AMD, Orton became an executive vice-president of AMD, reporting to AMD CEO Hector Ruiz and COO Dirk Meyer. On July 10, 2007, AMD announced the resignation of Orton as executive vice president. One trade journalist rated Orton as the top of the "CEOs that went in 2007".
From 2007 to 2009, he served as CEO of the startup DSM Solutions. On July 15, 2009, Orton
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20King
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Crystal King may refer to:
Crystal King, a Japanese rock band active since 1979, known for performing the original theme song for the anime television series Fist of the North Star
A fictional character in Paper Mario
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gru%C5%BEa%20%28river%29
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The Gruža (Serbian Cyrillic: Гружа, ) is a river in central Serbia. The river is a 62 km long left tributary to the Zapadna Morava.
The Gruža originates in the central part of the Rudnik mountain, right under the mountain's main settlement, the village of Rudnik, northeast of the town of Gornji Milanovac, central Serbia. The river flows south next to the village of Majdan, around the Rudnik mountain into the Takovo region and at the village of Nevade, just few kilometers away from Gornji Milanovac, makes a sharp turn to the east.
After the villages of Vraćevšnica and Ljuljaci, the Gruža turns south into the Gruža region, a direction it will generally follow for the rest of its course. After the villages of Oplanić and Dragušnica, the river enters the depression of Gruža, a main part of its valley, situated between the mountains of Kotlenik (on the west) and Gledićke planine (on the east). Near the Gruža village, the river is dammed, creating artificial Gruža Lake, with a bridge over the middle of the reservoir.
The Gruža receives the left tributary of Kotlenjača and continues to the south next to the villages of Balosave, Guberevac, Itkovac, Milavčić and Vitanovac, before it enters the West Pomoravlje region and empties into the Zapadna Morava near the village of Čukojevac.
The Gruža drains and area of 617 km2, belongs to the Black Sea drainage basin and it is not navigable.
References
Mala Prosvetina Enciklopedija, Third edition (1985); Prosveta;
Jovan Đ. Marković (
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undead%20%28Dungeons%20%26%20Dragons%29
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In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, the undead are a broad classification of monsters that can be encountered by player characters. Undead creatures are most often once-living creatures, which have been animated by spiritual or supernatural forces. They range from mindless remnants of corpses such as skeletons and zombies to highly intelligent creatures like vampires and liches, but in whatever form they take they are typically malevolent and threatening. Like most Dungeons & Dragons monsters, the various kinds of undead creatures are "drawn from classical, medieval, and fictional sources", and have in turn influenced the use of these kinds of monsters in other games.
History
The word was "undead" first popularized by Bram Stoker's 1897 novel Dracula, referring to the vampire, and "over time its attendant meaning has broadened to encompass all manner of creatures seen to be conceptually related, such as zombies or ghosts". The modern development of the undead as "a very specific type of monster, with solidly established traits" has been credited to the use of these creatures in role-playing games, "which necessitate clarification of otherwise intangible ideas as a requirement of game mechanics". As one analysis notes:
Undead creatures have been part of the game since its earliest forms. The skeleton and the zombie, for example, were among the first monsters introduced in the earliest edition of the game, in the Dungeons & Dragons "white box" set (1974), whe
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyalopilitic
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Hyalopilitic is a textural term used in petrographic classification of volcanic rocks. Specifically, hyalopilitic refers to a volcanic rock groundmass, which is visible only under magnification with a petrographic microscope, that contains a mixture of very fine-grained mineral crystals either mixed with natural volcanic glass, or surrounded by thin bands of volcanic glass.
See also
List of rock textures
Rock microstructure
Obsidian
Igneous petrology
Volcanic rocks
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tercica
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Tercica, Inc., was a biopharmaceutical company based in Brisbane, California, United States. It developed Increlex (mecasermin [rDNA origin] injection), also known as recombinant human Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (rhIGF-1). Tercica applied to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for approval of Increlex as a long-term therapy for growth failure in children with severe primary IGF-1 deficiency (Primary IGFD), which is characterized by growth failure, and as a treatment for children with growth hormone (GH) gene deletion who have developed neutralizing antibodies to growth hormone.
Tercica licensed rights to develop, manufacture, and market Increlex from Genentech, Inc. Increlex conducted Phase III clinical trials to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Increlex in children with Primary IGFD.
In 2007, a case between Insmed and Tercica was settled when the jury found that Insmed infringed patents licensed to Tercica for Increlex. In the settlement, Insmed agreed to stop selling Iplex in the United States as a treatment for growth deficiencies and to withdraw an application to have the drug approved for such use in Europe.
In 2008, the Ipsen Group acquired Tercica and changed its name to Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals, Inc.
See also
Human growth hormone (HGH)
IGF-1
References
External links
Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals website
Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq
Biotechnology companies of the United States
Companies based in San Mateo County, California
Brisbane, California
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiblast
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In amniote embryonic development, the epiblast (also known as the primitive ectoderm) is one of two distinct cell layers arising from the inner cell mass in the mammalian blastocyst, or from the blastula in reptiles and birds, the other layer is the hypoblast. It drives the embryo proper through its differentiation into the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, during gastrulation. The amniotic ectoderm and extraembryonic mesoderm also originate from the epiblast.
The other layer of the inner cell mass, the hypoblast, gives rise to the yolk sac, which in turn gives rise to the chorion.
Discovery of the epiblast
The epiblast was first discovered by Christian Heinrich Pander (1794-1865), a Baltic German biologist and embryologist. With the help of anatomist Ignaz Döllinger (1770–1841) and draftsman Eduard Joseph d'Alton (1772-1840), Pander observed thousands of chicken eggs under a microscope, and ultimately discovered and described the chicken blastoderm and its structures, including the epiblast. He published these findings in Beiträge zur Entwickelungsgeschichte des Hühnchens im Eye. Other early embryologists that studied the epiblast and blastoderm include Karl Ernst von Baer (1792-1876) and Wilhelm His (1831-1904).
Mammals
In mammalian embryogenesis, differentiation and segregation of cells composing the inner cell mass of the blastocyst yields two distinct layers—the epiblast ("primitive ectoderm") and the hypoblast ("primitive endoderm"). While
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic%20shock
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Osmotic shock or osmotic stress is physiologic dysfunction caused by a sudden change in the solute concentration around a cell, which causes a rapid change in the movement of water across its cell membrane. Under hypertonic conditions - conditions of high concentrations of either salts, substrates or any solute in the supernatant - water is drawn out of the cells through osmosis. This also inhibits the transport of substrates and cofactors into the cell thus “shocking” the cell. Alternatively, under hypotonic conditions - when concentrations of solutes are low - water enters the cell in large amounts, causing it to swell and either burst or undergo apoptosis.
All organisms have mechanisms to respond to osmotic shock, with sensors and signal transduction networks providing information to the cell about the osmolarity of its surroundings; these signals activate responses to deal with extreme conditions. Cells that have a cell wall tend to be more resistant to osmotic shock because their cell wall enables them to maintain their shape. Although single-celled organisms are more vulnerable to osmotic shock, since they are directly exposed to their environment, cells in large animals such as mammals still suffer these stresses under some conditions. Current research also suggests that osmotic stress in cells and tissues may significantly contribute to many human diseases.
In eukaryotes, calcium acts as one of the primary regulators of osmotic stress. Intracellular calcium levels
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strain%20energy%20density%20function
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A strain energy density function or stored energy density function is a scalar-valued function that relates the strain energy density of a material to the deformation gradient.
Equivalently,
where is the (two-point) deformation gradient tensor, is the right Cauchy–Green deformation tensor, is the left Cauchy–Green deformation tensor,
and is the rotation tensor from the polar decomposition of .
For an anisotropic material, the strain energy density function depends implicitly on reference vectors or tensors (such as the initial orientation of fibers in a composite) that characterize internal material texture. The spatial representation, must further depend explicitly on the polar rotation tensor to provide sufficient information to convect the reference texture vectors or tensors into the spatial configuration.
For an isotropic material, consideration of the principle of material frame indifference leads to the conclusion that the strain energy density function depends only on the invariants of (or, equivalently, the invariants of since both have the same eigenvalues). In other words, the strain energy density function can be expressed uniquely in terms of the principal stretches or in terms of the invariants of the left Cauchy–Green deformation tensor or right Cauchy–Green deformation tensor and we have:
For isotropic materials,
with
For linear isotropic materials undergoing small strains, the strain energy density function specializes to
A strain energy de
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isochoric
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Isochoric may refer to:
cell-transitive, in geometry
isochoric process, a constant volume process in chemistry or thermodynamics
Isochoric model
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svenne%20Hedlund
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Sven Ove Hedlund (1 March 1945 – 3 December 2022) was a Swedish pop singer who was a member of the music group Idolerna.
Hedlund sang in the Swedish bands Clifftones and Hep Stars in the 1960s. In 1968, the singer Charlotte Walker (born 1944) became a member of the band, and they formed the duo Svenne and Lotta (called "Sven and Charlotte" in several countries) the following year.
The couple were married from 1969 until they divorced in 2014.
Hedlund died in Värnamo on 3 December 2022, at the age of 77 from COVID-19.
References
External links
1945 births
2022 deaths
20th-century Swedish male singers
People from Solna Municipality
Swedish male singers
Swedish pop singers
Melodifestivalen contestants of 2000
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerr%20cell%20shutter
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A Kerr cell shutter is a type of photographic shutter used for very fast shutter speeds down to nanosecond level.
The Kerr Cell consists of a transparent container (A) filled with nitrobenzene (B) with attached electrodes (C and D). A high voltage is passed through the electrodes which causes an electric field perpendicular to the transmitted light beam to be applied.
The cell makes use of the Kerr effect, in which the nitrobenzene becomes birefringent under the influence of the electric field. This allows it to be used as a shutter that can be opened for a very brief amount of time, around 10ns.
Its primary disadvantage was the use of toxic and flammable substances such as nitrobenzene and o-nitrotoluene. These have now largely been replaced by KTN (potassium tantalate niobate) and barium titanate (BaTiO3).
Speed of Light measurement
The Kerr Cell shutter was used in the 1920-40s to measure the speed of light. A beam of light is timed between an emitter and receiver while passing through a Kerr Cell. When the cell is activated the light beam is diverted and takes a different path to the receiver, this time difference is measured and the speed of light is calculated based on knowledge of the expected return time.
See also
Kerr effect
Rapatronic camera
References
External links
Photographic shutters
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaos%20Michopoulos
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Nikolaos "Nikos" Michopoulos (; born 20 February 1970) is a former Greek professional football player. During his career he played for PAOK Thessaloniki and Burnley, and a short period to Crystal Palace and Omonia Nicosia. He played as a goalkeeper and was known for his reactions and shot-stopping ability.
Michopoulos began his career at Apollon Larissa. In 1992 he joined PAOK Thessaloniki, and made over 187 appearances for the Greek team, earning himself 15 international caps for Greece in the process. He was brought to Burnley by Stan Ternent as one of three Greeks to sign for the Clarets along with goalkeeper Luigi Cennamo and centre-forward Dimitrios Papadopoulos.
'Nik the Greek' as he became known established himself solidly as a fan-favourite at Turf Moor and became somewhat of a cult-hero. He would make almost 100 appearances for the Clarets, his last being in the farcical 7–2 home defeat to Sheffield Wednesday, when he was carried off injured in the first half and replaced by Marlon Beresford.
Michopoulos would return to his native Greece and become goalkeeping coach at his old club, PAOK, a position he still holds. In pre-season training for the 2005/06 season, Michopoulos was able to meet up with several of his old team-mates when Burnley took on PAOK at a neutral ground.
References
1970 births
Living people
Greek men's footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
English Football League players
Cypriot First Division players
Super League Greece playe
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TLN
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TLN may refer to:
Toulon-Hyères Airport, France, IATA code
Telelatino, Spanish and Italian cable channel in Canada
Total Living Network, a US religious television network
Thermolysin, an enzyme
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fear%20of%20crime
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The fear of crime refers to the fear of being a victim of crime as opposed to the actual probability of being a victim of crime.
The fear of crime, along with fear of the streets and the fear of youth, is said to have been in Western culture for "time immemorial". While fear of crime can be differentiated into public feelings, thoughts and behaviors about the personal risk of criminal victimization, distinctions can also be made between the tendency to see situations as fearful, the actual experience while in those situations, and broader expressions about the cultural and social significance of crime and symbols of crime in people's neighborhoods and in their daily, symbolic lives.
Importantly, feelings, thoughts and behaviors can have a number of functional and dysfunctional effects on individual and group life, depending on actual risk and people's subjective approaches to danger. On a negative side, they can erode public health and psychological well-being; they can alter routine activities and habits; they can contribute to some places turning into 'no-go' areas via a withdrawal from community; and they can drain community cohesion, trust and neighborhood stability. Some degree of emotional response can be healthy: psychologists have long highlighted the fact that some degree of worry can be a problem-solving activity, motivating care and precaution, underlining the distinction between low-level anxieties that motivate caution and counter-productive worries that damage
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD154
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CD154, also called CD40 ligand or CD40L, is a protein that is primarily expressed on activated T cells and is a member of the TNF superfamily of molecules. It binds to CD40 on antigen-presenting cells (APC), which leads to many effects depending on the target cell type. In total CD40L has three binding partners: CD40, α5β1 integrin and integrin αIIbβ3. CD154 acts as a costimulatory molecule and is particularly important on a subset of T cells called T follicular helper cells (TFH cells). On TFH cells, CD154 promotes B cell maturation and function by engaging CD40 on the B cell surface and therefore facilitating cell-cell communication. A defect in this gene results in an inability to undergo immunoglobulin class switching and is associated with hyper IgM syndrome. Absence of CD154 also stops the formation of germinal centers and therefore prohibiting antibody affinity maturation, an important process in the adaptive immune system.
History
In 1991, three groups reported discovering CD154. Seth Lederman, Michael Yellin, and Leonard Chess at Columbia University generated a murine monoclonal antibody, 5c8, that inhibited contact-dependent T cell helper function in human cells and which characterized a 32 kDa surface protein transiently expressed on activated CD4+ T cells. Richard Armitage at Immunex cloned a cDNA encoding CD154 by screening an expression library with CD40-Ig. Randolph Noelle at Dartmouth Medical School generated an antibody that bound a 39 kDa protein on m
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gang%20in%20Blue
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Gang in Blue is a 1996 American television film co-directed by Melvin Van Peebles and his son, Mario Van Peebles, about a black police officer who discovers a cell of white supremacist vigilantes within his department.
Cast
Mario Van Peebles as Michael Rhodes
Josh Brolin as Keith DeBruler
Melvin Van Peebles as Andre Speier
Cynda Williams as Anita Boyard
Stephen Lang as "Moose" Tavola
J. T. Walsh as Lieutenant William Eyler
Sean McCann as Clute Mirkovich
Zach Grenier as Joe Beckstrem
External links
1996 films
1996 crime drama films
1990s police films
American crime drama films
American police films
1990s English-language films
Films about race and ethnicity
Films directed by Mario Van Peebles
Films directed by Melvin Van Peebles
American vigilante films
Films about corruption in the United States
1990s American films
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffree%20cell
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The Jeffree cell was an early acousto-optic modulator, best known for its use in the Scophony system of mechanical television. It was invented by J.H. Jeffree in 1934, and was a major improvement over the Kerr cell modulators used up to that time by allowing more than 200 times the available modulated light.
Using ultrasonic sound waves travelling perpendicular to the light, the modulator created areas of varying refractive index leading to advancement and retardation of portions of the light wavefront. This led to constructive and destructive interference among the light waves, modulating their intensity.
External links
Scophony system at Early Television website
References
Optical devices
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scophony
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Scophony was a sophisticated mechanical television system developed in Britain by Scophony Limited. A black and white image was produced by an early form of acousto-optic modulation of a bright light using a piezoelectric crystal and water or other transparent liquid column.
Principle of operation
The light modulator worked as follows. Crystal vibrations at one end of a horizontal water column would cause waves to propagate through the water. The light was passed through this column from the side across the waves as they propagated through the column, via separate horizontal and vertical orientated cylindrical lenses. The vibrations through the water would act as a diffraction grating, the higher the amplitude, the more that the light passing through would be diffracted. The light passed through the water column was then horizontally focussed onto either a slit or narrow optical block, depending on whether positive or negative modulation of the water column was used. The amount of light which would either pass through the slit or go around the block depended on the amplitude of the modulation, thereby causing the light amplitude to be modulated. Following the slit/block, the light would hit the high speed horizontal rotating mirror drum which was synchronised to the propagation of the waves through the water bath, in order that a particular wave in the water bath would appear at a fixed position on the screen, although that wave would actually be moving through the water co
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordein
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Hordein is a prolamin glycoprotein, present in barley and some other cereals, together with gliadin and other glycoproteins (such as glutelins) coming under the general name of gluten. Hordeins are found in the endosperm where one of their functions is to act as a storage unit.
In comparison to other proteins, hordeins are less soluble when compared to proteins such as albumin and globulins.
In relation to amino acids, hordeins have a substantial amount of proline and glutamine but lack charged amino acids such as lysine.
Some people are sensitive to hordein due to disorders such as celiac disease or gluten intolerance.
Along with gliadin (the prolamin gluten found in wheat), hordein is present in many foods and also may be found in beer. Hordein is usually the main problem for coeliacs wishing to drink beer.
Coeliacs are able to find specialist breads that are low in hordein, gliadin and other problematic glycoproteins, just as they can find gluten free beer which either uses ingredients that do not contain gluten, or otherwise has the amounts of gliadin or hordein present controlled to stated limits.
References
Gluten
Seed storage proteins
Glycoproteins
de:Gliadin
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riemann%20Xi%20function
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In mathematics, the Riemann Xi function is a variant of the Riemann zeta function, and is defined so as to have a particularly simple functional equation. The function is named in honour of Bernhard Riemann.
Definition
Riemann's original lower-case "xi"-function, was renamed with an upper-case (Greek letter "Xi") by Edmund Landau. Landau's lower-case ("xi") is defined as
for . Here denotes the Riemann zeta function and is the Gamma function.
The functional equation (or reflection formula) for Landau's is
Riemann's original function, rebaptised upper-case by Landau, satisfies
,
and obeys the functional equation
Both functions are entire and purely real for real arguments.
Values
The general form for positive even integers is
where Bn denotes the n-th Bernoulli number. For example:
Series representations
The function has the series expansion
where
where the sum extends over ρ, the non-trivial zeros of the zeta function, in order of .
This expansion plays a particularly important role in Li's criterion, which states that the Riemann hypothesis is equivalent to having λn > 0 for all positive n.
Hadamard product
A simple infinite product expansion is
where ρ ranges over the roots of ξ.
To ensure convergence in the expansion, the product should be taken over "matching pairs" of zeroes, i.e., the factors for a pair of zeroes of the form ρ and 1−ρ should be grouped together.
References
Zeta and L-functions
Bernhard Riemann
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chasles%27%20theorem
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Chasles' theorem may refer to any of several mathematical results attributed to Michel Chasles (1793–1880):
Chasles' theorem (kinematics), about translation of rigid bodies
Chasles' theorem (gravitation), about gravitational attraction of a spherical shell
Chasles' theorem (geometry), in algebraic geometry about intersections of curves
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newar%20dance
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Newar Dance (Nepal bhasa:) consists of the whole array of dances that are traditionally performed by Newars.
Classification
The Newar dances can be classified as traditional masked dances, folk dances, and ritual dances.
Traditional masked dances
Lakhey dance
Astamatrika dance
Navadurga dance
Pulukisi dance (elephant dance)
Sawabhakku
Neelbarahi Naach, Bode, Madhyapur Thimi
The Majipa Lakhey dance is a masked dance characterized by vigorous movements and loud music. It is performed by the Ranjitkars of Kathmandu during the Yanya Punhi festival, also known as Indra Jatra, which occurs in September. The dancer and his attendants wander about the streets setting the tone of the festivities. The Gunla Lakhey dance is a similar street performance which tours various parts of the city during Gunla, the tenth month in the Nepal Sambat calendar, which corresponds to August. Almost all Newar settlements have a Lakhey dance troupe.
Folk dances
Jyapu Pyakhan
Tekanpur Pyakhan
Ritual dances
Charya Pyakhan
Gathu Pyakhan
Kumha Pyakhan dance
Daitya Pyakhan
Charya Nritya (Chachaa Pyakhan in Nepal Bhasa) is a Buddhist ritual dance with a history going back more than 1,000 years. It is performed by Newar Buddhist priests known as Bajracharya as part of their esoteric meditation practices and rituals. The dancers represent various deities like the Five Buddhas, Manjusri, Vajrayogini and Tara. The song accompanying the dance opens with a salutation and describes the deity's characte
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XHOF-FM
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XHOF-FM, also known as Reactor 105.7, is a radio station in Mexico City that plays alternative rock music, and hip hop mainly in English and Spanish. Its broadcast frequency is 105.7 MHz.
XHOF-FM broadcasts in HD.
History
Radio Departamento
The Department of the Federal District (DDF) solicited a permit for a radio station in 1967. However, the station seemed cursed from the beginning. The Department had a hard time procuring the permit; one month after it was issued, the government was still evaluating the technical parameters. Additionally, the original callsign of XEDO-FM had to be changed (in April 1968) when it was discovered that a Michoacán radio station had been using those calls since 1961.
In March 1969, the SCT informed the DDF that the latter still had not complied with the requirements for the construction of the station. "Radio Departamento", however, soon got on track to launch May 1, 1969, from the top floor of the Departamento del Distrito Federal building, with of floor space to work with.
To IMER
In 1983, the Instituto Mexicano de la Radio was created. IMER included all of the stations operated by the executive branch of the federal government, XHOF included. However, it took the SCT until 2005 to transfer the permit of XHOF to IMER, on the fourth request by the latter. From 1992 to 1994, XHOF was operated by Radio S.A. (RASA) under contract. Meanwhile, the station went through various names and formats: Radio Cosmos, Estéreo Joven, Láser FM, Conexi
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral%20vector
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Viral vectors are tools commonly used by molecular biologists to deliver genetic material into cells. This process can be performed inside a living organism (in vivo) or in cell culture (in vitro). Viruses have evolved specialized molecular mechanisms to efficiently transport their genomes inside the cells they infect. Delivery of genes or other genetic material by a vector is termed transduction and the infected cells are described as transduced. Molecular biologists first harnessed this machinery in the 1970s. Paul Berg used a modified SV40 virus containing DNA from the bacteriophage λ to infect monkey kidney cells maintained in culture.
In addition to their use in molecular biology research, viral vectors are used for gene therapy and the development of vaccines. Vectors can either integrate into a cell's genome or transiently express a gene with non-integrative vectors.
Key properties of a viral vector
Viral Vectors are tailored to their specific applications but generally share a few key properties.
Safety: Although viral vectors are occasionally created from pathogenic viruses, they are modified in such a way as to minimize the risk of handling them. This usually involves the deletion of a part of the viral genome critical for viral replication. Such a virus can efficiently infect cells but, once the infection has taken place, requires a helper virus to provide the missing proteins for production of new virions.
Low toxicity: The viral vector should have a minimal ef
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exogenous%20DNA
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Exogenous DNA is DNA originating outside the organism of concern or study. Exogenous DNA can be found naturally in the form of partially degraded fragments left over from dead cells. These DNA fragments may then become integrated into the chromosomes of nearby bacterial cells to undergo mutagenesis. This process of altering bacteria is known as transformation. Bacteria may also undergo artificial transformation through chemical and biological processes. The introduction of exogenous DNA into eukaryotic cells is known as transfection. Exogenous DNA can also be artificially inserted into the genome, which revolutionized the process of genetic modification in animals. By microinjecting an artificial transgene into the nucleus of an animal embryo, the exogenous DNA is allowed to merge the cell's existing DNA to create a genetically modified, transgenic animal. The creation of transgenic animals also leads into the study of altering sperm cells with exogenous DNA.
History
In 1928, bacteriologist Fredrick Griffith observed exogenous DNA alongside bacterial transformation in the species Streptococcus pneumoniae. In further tests, physician Oswald Avery was able to isolate and confirm that the DNA used in the experiment originated from outside the cell and integrated itself into the cell's genome. Repeated experiments proved exogenous DNA integration was possible in other species of bacteria, prompting studies to extend to mammal cells. The technology for the injection of exogenous
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Crystal%20Bucephalus
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The Crystal Bucephalus is an original novel written by Craig Hinton and based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who. It features the Fifth Doctor, Tegan, Turlough and Kamelion.
Plot
The Crystal Bucephalus is a future restaurant patronised by the highest of society, projected back in time to sample the food and drink of long gone eras. However, when a notorious kingpin is slain in the Bucephalus, the Doctor, Tegan and Turlough are immediately suspected and arrested. In order to prove their innocence, they must find the real perpetrators, and in the process uncover a conspiracy 5000 years in the making.
External links
The Cloister Library - The Crystal Bucephalus
1994 British novels
1994 science fiction novels
Virgin Missing Adventures
Fifth Doctor novels
Novels by Craig Hinton
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90etinja
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Đetinja (; ) is a river in western Serbia, a long natural but shorter headstream of the Zapadna Morava River.
The Đetinja river valley serves as a route for the Belgrade-Bar railway.
Name
According to the legend which describes how the Đetinja River got its name, the Ottoman Turks in the times when they ruled these lands, once punished the local Užican people by taking their children and brutally throwing them into the river. Thus the river was named Đetinja rijeka, which in Užican dialect means the children's river. Later rijeka (river) was just dropped out of the river name, leaving only Đetinja (meaning children's).
However, the name probably originates from the old name Cetina, which meant "Horse river" and even today, one of the streams which form Đetinja is called Konjska reka (Serbian for Horse river).
Zlatibor section
The Đetinja River, as the Matijaševića reka, originates from the southeastern slopes of the Tara mountain, in western Serbia, near the field of Pusto polje. From the source to its mouth, the river flows in the eastern direction. First, it runs through the small Kremna depression, between the Tara and Zlatibor mountains, following the northern border of Mt. Zlatibor. At Kremna, five streams flow into the one river, forming Đetinja: Matijaševića reka, Konjska reka, Bratešina, Užički potok and Tomića potok.
Užice section
Đetinja Gorge
Đetinja carved a gorge, long and deep. At the village of Vrutci, the river is dammed in 1986, creating an art
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesicular%20monoamine%20transporter%201
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Vesicular monoamine transporter 1 (VMAT1) also known as chromaffin granule amine transporter (CGAT) or solute carrier family 18 member 1 (SLC18A1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC18A1 gene. VMAT1 is an integral membrane protein, which is embedded in synaptic vesicles and serves to transfer monoamines, such as norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin, between the cytosol and synaptic vesicles. SLC18A1 is an isoform of the vesicular monoamine transporter.
Discovery
The idea that there must be specific transport proteins associated with the uptake of monoamines and acetylcholine into vesicles developed due to the discovery of specific inhibitors which interfered with monoamine neurotransmission and also depleted monoamines in neuroendocrine tissues. VMAT1 and VMAT2 were first identified in rats upon cloning cDNAs for proteins which gave non-amine accumulating recipient cells the ability to sequester monoamines. Subsequently, human VMATs were cloned using human cDNA libraries with the rat homologs as probes, and heterologous-cell amine uptake assays were performed to verify transport properties.
Structure
Across mammalian species, VMATs have been found to be structurally well conserved; VMAT1s have an overall sequence identity exceeding 80%. However, there exists only a 60% sequence identity between the human VMAT1 and VMAT2.
VMAT1 is an acidic glycoprotein with an apparent weight of 40 kDa. Although the crystallographic structure has not yet
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-density%20lipoprotein%20receptor%20gene%20family
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The low-density lipoprotein receptor gene family codes for a class of structurally related cell surface receptors that fulfill diverse biological functions in different organs, tissues, and cell types. The role that is most commonly associated with this evolutionarily ancient family is cholesterol homeostasis (maintenance of appropriate concentration of cholesterol). In humans, excess cholesterol in the blood is captured by low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and removed by the liver via endocytosis of the LDL receptor. Recent evidence indicates that the members of the LDL receptor gene family are active in the cell signalling pathways between specialized cells in many, if not all, multicellular organisms.
There are seven members of the LDLR family in mammals, namely:
LDLR
VLDL receptor (VLDLR)
ApoER2, or LRP8
Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4
also known as multiple epidermal growth factor (EGF) repeat-containing protein (MEGF7)
LDLR-related protein 1
LDLR-related protein 1b
Megalin.
Human proteins containing this domain
Listed below are human proteins containing low-density lipoprotein receptor domains:
Class A
C6; C7; 8A; 8B; C9; CD320; CFI;
CORIN; DGCR2; HSPG2; LDLR; LDLRAD2; LDLRAD3; LRP1; LRP10;
LRP11; LRP12; LRP1B; LRP2; LRP3; LRP4; LRP5; LRP6;
LRP8; MAMDC4; MFRP; PRSS7; RXFP1; RXFP2; SORL1; SPINT1;
SSPO; ST14; TM
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroproteomics
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Neuroproteomics is the study of the protein complexes and species that make up the nervous system. These proteins interact to make the neurons connect in such a way to create the intricacies that nervous system is known for. Neuroproteomics is a complex field that has a long way to go in terms of profiling the entire neuronal proteome. It is a relatively recent field that has many applications in therapy and science.
So far, only small subsets of the neuronal proteome have been mapped, and then only when applied to the proteins involved in the synapse.
History
Origins
The word proteomics was first used in 1994 by Marc Wilkins as the study of “the protein equivalent of a genome”. It is defined as all of the proteins expressed in a biological system under specific physiologic conditions at a certain point in time. It can change with any biochemical alteration, and so it can only be defined under certain conditions. Neuroproteomics is a subset of this field dealing with the complexities and multi-system origin of neurological disease. Neurological function is based on the interactions of many proteins of different origin, and so requires a systematic study of subsystems within its proteomic structure.
Modern times
Neuroproteomics has the difficult task of defining on a molecular level the pathways of consciousness, senses, and self. Neurological disorders are unique in that they do not always exhibit outward symptoms. Defining the disorders becomes difficult and so neu
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20Dam
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Crystal Dam is a , double-curvature, concrete, thin arch dam located 6 miles downstream from Morrow Point Dam on the Gunnison River in Colorado, United States. Crystal Dam is the newest of the three dams in Curecanti National Recreation Area; construction on the dam was finished in 1976. The dam impounds Crystal Reservoir. Crystal Dam and Reservoir are part of the Bureau of Reclamation's Wayne N. Aspinall Unit of the Colorado River Storage Project, which retains the waters of the Gunnison River and its tributaries for agricultural and municipal use in the American Southwest. The dam's primary purpose is hydroelectric power generation.
Description
Crystal Dam, like the higher Morrow Point Dam farther upstream, is a thin-shell arch dam, primarily planned to generate hydroelectric power. Unlike its upstream companions, excess water spills over the top of the dam through a notched-out, ungated spillway that can create a waterfall in times of overflow. Under normal conditions the river flows through an diameter penstock to the 28 MW turbine. The dam is deep within the Black Canyon of the Gunnison in pre-Cambrian metamorphic rock.
History
Crystal Dam was the last of the three dams in the Aspinall Unit of the Colorado River Storage Project to be completed. Crystal Dam's design and construction lagged behind Morrow Point and Blue Mesa dams. Construction started in 1964 on a materials borrow pit, with construction at the damsite beginning in 1965 for an access road and explorato
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied%20Micro%20Circuits%20Corporation
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Applied Micro Circuits Corporation (also known as AppliedMicro, AMCC or APM) was a fabless semiconductor company designing network and embedded Power ISA (including a Power ISA license), and server processor ARM (including an ARMv8-A license), optical transport and storage products.
History
In 2004, AMCC bought assets, IP and engineers concerning the PowerPC 400 microprocessors from IBM for $227 million and they now market the processors under their own name. The deal also included access to IBM's SoC design methodology and advanced CMOS process technology.
In 2009, AppliedMicro changed their branding from AMCC to AppliedMicro, but still retain the name "Applied Micro Circuits Corporation" officially.
In 2011, AppliedMicro became the first company to implement the ARMv8-A architecture with its X-Gene Platform. In November 2012 at ARM TechCon, AppliedMicro demonstrated advanced web search capabilities and the ability to handle big data workloads in an Apache Hadoop software environment with the X-Gene Platform using FPGA emulation. A silicon implementation of X-Gene was first exhibited publicly in June 2013.
In April 2016, information about the forthcoming X-Gene 3 server chips was made available. The release schedule was for the second half of 2017. The company projected an improved performance, over the X-Gene 2, that with allow it to better compete with servers using the x86-64 architecture.
In November 2016, MACOM Technology Solutions announced that they would purchas
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipeptidyl%20peptidase-4%20inhibitor
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Inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4 inhibitors or gliptins) are a class of oral hypoglycemics that block the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). They can be used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2.
The first agent of the class – sitagliptin – was approved by the FDA in 2006.
Glucagon increases blood glucose levels, and DPP-4 inhibitors reduce glucagon and blood glucose levels. The mechanism of DPP-4 inhibitors is to increase incretin levels (GLP-1 and GIP), which inhibit glucagon release, which in turn increases insulin secretion, decreases gastric emptying, and decreases blood glucose levels.
A 2018 meta-analysis found no favorable effect of DPP-4 inhibitors on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction or stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Examples
Drugs belonging to this class are:
Sitagliptin (FDA approved 2006, marketed by Merck & Co. as Januvia)
Vildagliptin (EU approved 2007, marketed in the EU by Novartis as Galvus)
Saxagliptin (FDA approved in 2009, marketed as Onglyza)
Linagliptin (FDA approved in 2011, marketed as Tradjenta by Eli Lilly and Company and Boehringer Ingelheim)
Gemigliptin (approved in Korea in 2012, marketed by LG Life Sciences) Marketed as Zemiglo
Anagliptin (approved in Japan as Suiny in 2012, marketed by Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd. and Kowa Company, Ltd.)
Teneligliptin (approved in Japan as Tenelia in 2012)
Alogliptin (FDA approved 2013 as Nesina/ Vipidia, marketed by Takeda Pharmaceutical
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VLDL%20receptor
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The very-low-density-lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) is a transmembrane lipoprotein receptor of the low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) receptor family. VLDLR shows considerable homology with the members of this lineage. Discovered in 1992 by T. Yamamoto, VLDLR is widely distributed throughout the tissues of the body, including the heart, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the brain, but is absent from the liver. This receptor has an important role in cholesterol uptake, metabolism of apolipoprotein E-containing triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins, and neuronal migration in the developing brain. In humans, VLDLR is encoded by the VLDLR gene. Mutations of this gene may lead to a variety of symptoms and diseases, which include type I lissencephaly, cerebellar hypoplasia, and atherosclerosis.
Protein structure
VLDLR is a member of the low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) receptor family, which is entirely composed of type I transmembrane lipoprotein receptors. All members of this family share five highly conserved structural domains: an extracellular N-terminal ligand-binding domain with cysteine-rich repeats (also called ligand-binding repeats), an epidermal growth factor (EGF), an O-linked glycosylation sugar domain, a single transmembrane sequence, and a cytoplasmic domain which contains an NPxY sequence. The NPxY motif functions in signal transduction and the targeting of receptors to coated pits and consists of the sequence Asparagine-Proline-X-Tyrosine, where X can be any amino acid. M
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UvrD
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UvrD may refer to:
UvrABC endonuclease, an enzyme
DNA helicase, an enzyme class
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haxe
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Haxe is a high-level cross-platform programming language and compiler that can produce applications and source code for many different computing platforms from one code-base. It is free and open-source software, released under the MIT License. The compiler, written in OCaml, is released under the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2.
Haxe includes a set of features and a standard library supported across all platforms, like numeric data types, strings, arrays, maps, binary, reflection, maths, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), file system and common file formats. Haxe also includes platform-specific API's for each compiler target. Kha, OpenFL and Heaps.io are popular Haxe frameworks that enable creating multi-platform content from one codebase.
Haxe originated with the idea of supporting client-side and server-side programming in one language, and simplifying the communication logic between them. Code written in the Haxe language can be compiled into JavaScript, C++, Java, JVM, PHP, C#, Python, Lua and Node.js. Haxe can also directly compile SWF, HashLink, and NekoVM bytecode and also runs in interpreted mode.
Haxe supports externs (definition files) that can contain type information of existing libraries to describe target-specific interaction in a type-safe manner, like C++ header files can describe the structure of existing object files. This enables to use the values defined in the files as if they were statically typed Haxe entities. Beside externs, other solut
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15%20and%20290%20theorems
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In mathematics, the 15 theorem or Conway–Schneeberger Fifteen Theorem, proved by John H. Conway and W. A. Schneeberger in 1993, states that if a positive definite quadratic form with integer matrix represents all positive integers up to 15, then it represents all positive integers. The proof was complicated, and was never published. Manjul Bhargava found a much simpler proof which was published in 2000.
Bhargava used the occasion of his receiving the 2005 SASTRA Ramanujan Prize to announce that he and Jonathan P. Hanke had cracked Conway's conjecture that a similar theorem holds for integral quadratic forms, with the constant 15 replaced by 290. The proof has since appeared in preprint form.
Details
Suppose is a symmetric matrix with real entries. For any vector with integer components, define
This function is called a quadratic form. We say is positive definite if whenever . If is always an integer, we call the function an integral quadratic form.
We get an integral quadratic form whenever the matrix entries are integers; then is said to have integer matrix. However, will still be an integral quadratic form if the off-diagonal entries are integers divided by 2, while the diagonal entries are integers. For example, x2 + xy + y2 is integral but does not have integral matrix.
A positive integral quadratic form taking all positive integers as values is called universal. The 15 theorem says that a quadratic form with integer matrix is universal if it takes the nu
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interkinesis
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Interkinesis or interphase II is a period of rest that cells of some species enter during meiosis between meiosis I and meiosis II. No DNA replication occurs during interkinesis; however, replication does occur during the interphase I stage of meiosis (See meiosis I). During interkinesis, the spindles of the first meiotic division disassembles and the microtubules reassemble into two new spindles for the second meiotic division. Interkinesis follows telophase I; however, many plants skip telophase I and interkinesis, going immediately into prophase II. Each chromosome still consists of two chromatids. In this stage other organelle number may also increase.
References
Cellular processes
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucous%20membrane%20of%20the%20soft%20palate
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The mucous membrane of the soft palate is thin, and covered with stratified squamous epithelium on both surfaces, except near the pharyngeal ostium of the auditory tube, where it is columnar and ciliated.
According to Klein, the mucous membrane on the nasal surface of the soft palate in the fetus is covered throughout by columnar ciliated epithelium, which subsequently becomes squamous; some anatomists state that it is covered with columnar ciliated epithelium, except at its free margin, throughout life.
Beneath the mucous membrane on the oral surface of the soft palate is a considerable amount of adenoid tissue.
The palatine glands form a continuous layer on its posterior surface and around the uvula. They are primarily mucus-secreting glands, as opposed to serous or mixed secreting glands.
References
Membrane biology
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatine%20glands
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The palatine glands form a continuous layer on the posterior surface of the mucous membrane of the soft palate and around the uvula. They are pure mucous glands.
References
External links
Glands
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live%20from%20the%20Crystal%20Palace
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Live from the Crystal Palace is the first, and to date only, live album from the Sacramento, California-based band Cake. The album was recorded over a two-night performance at Buck Owens' Crystal Palace in 2005. The album was originally expected to be released in 2006, but a release did not materialize until its release as part of the 8-LP box set released for Record Store Day on April 19, 2014.
History
In a 2001 interview, John McCrea discussed his admiration for the Crystal Palace venue: "I like to play live, but I don't like touring for extended periods of time. We'd prefer to do what Buck Owens does: he has this place called the Crystal Palace in Bakersfield, and everybody comes to visit him, and he plays every Friday and Saturday night. That's our goal, but for now we have to travel."
Live from the Crystal Palace was announced on Cake's website several months before the band's B-Sides and Rarities (2007) album was announced. One track from Crystal Palace, "Mexico", was made available as a free download to members of Cake's mailing list in August 2006. Then, on November 2, 2006, the band announced that Crystal Palace would be delayed until 2007 "due to Cake's strict quality control enforcement."
B-Sides and Rarities was released on October 2, 2007, and Crystal Palace was mentioned very little until a late 2008 interview with Vince DiFiore, who stated that the album was mixed and ready to be released. The band, however, realized that releasing a live album would be
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20matrix%20inequality
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In convex optimization, a linear matrix inequality (LMI) is an expression of the form
where
is a real vector,
are symmetric matrices ,
is a generalized inequality meaning is a positive semidefinite matrix belonging to the positive semidefinite cone in the subspace of symmetric matrices .
This linear matrix inequality specifies a convex constraint on y.
Applications
There are efficient numerical methods to determine whether an LMI is feasible (e.g., whether there exists a vector y such that LMI(y) ≥ 0), or to solve a convex optimization problem with LMI constraints.
Many optimization problems in control theory, system identification and signal processing can be formulated using LMIs. Also LMIs find application in Polynomial Sum-Of-Squares. The prototypical primal and dual semidefinite program is a minimization of a real linear function respectively subject to the primal and dual convex cones governing this LMI.
Solving LMIs
A major breakthrough in convex optimization was the introduction of interior-point methods. These methods were developed in a series of papers and became of true interest in the context of LMI problems in the work of Yurii Nesterov and Arkadi Nemirovski.
See also
Semidefinite programming
Spectrahedron
Finsler's lemma
References
Y. Nesterov and A. Nemirovsky, Interior Point Polynomial Methods in Convex Programming. SIAM, 1994.
External links
S. Boyd, L. El Ghaoui, E. Feron, and V. Balakrishnan, Linear Matrix Inequalities in Syst
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropomyosin%20receptor%20kinase%20C
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Tropomyosin receptor kinase C (TrkC), also known as NT-3 growth factor receptor, neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 3, or TrkC tyrosine kinase is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NTRK3 gene.
TrkC is the high affinity catalytic receptor for the neurotrophin NT-3 (neurotrophin-3). As such, TrkC mediates the multiple effects of this neurotrophic factor, which includes neuronal differentiation and survival.
The TrkC receptor is part of the large family of receptor tyrosine kinases. A "tyrosine kinase" is an enzyme which is capable of adding a phosphate group to the certain tyrosines on target proteins, or "substrates". A receptor tyrosine kinase is a "tyrosine kinase" which is located at the cellular membrane, and is activated by binding of a ligand via its extracellular domain. Other example of tyrosine kinase receptors include the insulin receptor, the IGF-1 receptor, the MuSK protein receptor, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor, etc. The "substrate" proteins which are phosphorylated by TrkC include PI3 kinase.
Function
TrkC is the high affinity catalytic receptor for the neurotrophin-3 (also known as NTF3 or NT-3). Similar to other NTRK receptors and receptor tyrosine kinases in general, ligand binding induces receptor dimerization followed by trans-autophosphorylation on conserved tyrosine in the intracellular (cytoplasmic) domain of the receptor. These conserved tyrosine serve as docking sites for adaptor proteins that trigger down
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakon
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Rakon Limited is a technology company founded in 1967 that designs and manufactures frequency control products, primarily quartz crystals and temperature-compensated crystal oscillators (TCXO), oven controlled crystal oscillators (OCXO) and voltage controlled crystal oscillators (VCXO). Its head office is in Auckland, New Zealand with wholly owned subsidiaries in the United Kingdom and France with joint venture operations in India and China. The company specialises in supplying frequency-control products to the GPS industry.
History
Rakon was founded on 4 April 1967 by Warren Robinson. Robinson had previously operated a business manufacturing marine radios, Marlin Electronics. These marine radios required between 6-12 quartz crystals with each region within New Zealand requiring a different set of frequencies.
The only source for these crystals was the NZPO (New Zealand Post Office), and delivery times were often measured in months, which was an ongoing problem for Robinson in his ability to supply his radios. Warren Robinson realising there was an opportunity to compete with the NZPO sold Marlin Electronics to Autocrat Radio and went on to found Rakon Industries (RIL) a few years later (1967). Initially, the New Zealand government blocked Robinson's application to import crystal manufacturing equipment as they didn't wish there to be undue competition to the post office, however by 1967 Robinson was able to secure an import license for the equipment and started manufactu
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine%20ecosystem
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Marine ecosystems are the largest of Earth's aquatic ecosystems and exist in waters that have a high salt content. These systems contrast with freshwater ecosystems, which have a lower salt content. Marine waters cover more than 70% of the surface of the Earth and account for more than 97% of Earth's water supply and 90% of habitable space on Earth. Seawater has an average salinity of 35 parts per thousand of water. Actual salinity varies among different marine ecosystems. Marine ecosystems can be divided into many zones depending upon water depth and shoreline features. The oceanic zone is the vast open part of the ocean where animals such as whales, sharks, and tuna live. The benthic zone consists of substrates below water where many invertebrates live. The intertidal zone is the area between high and low tides. Other near-shore (neritic) zones can include mudflats, seagrass meadows, mangroves, rocky intertidal systems, salt marshes, coral reefs, lagoons. In the deep water, hydrothermal vents may occur where chemosynthetic sulfur bacteria form the base of the food web. Marine ecosystems are characterized by the biological community of organisms that they are associated with and their physical environment. Classes of organisms found in marine ecosystems include brown algae, dinoflagellates, corals, cephalopods, echinoderms, and sharks.
Marine ecosystems are important sources of ecosystem services and food and jobs for significant portions of the global population. Human u
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Statistician
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The Australian Statistician is the head of the Australian Bureau of Statistics.
On 18 June 1906, the first Statistician of the Commonwealth of Australia was appointed to carry out the provisions of the Census and Statistics Act 1905. Later in the same year the Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics was formed (renamed the Australian Bureau of Statistics in 1975).
Timothy Augustine Coghlan was offered the position in December 1905, but had to decline due to his obligations to the New South Wales government.
Commonwealth Statisticians
George Handley Knibbs (1906–1921)
Charles Henry Wickens (August 1922 – April 1932, although Lyndhurst Falkiner Giblin was appointed acting Commonwealth Statistician following Wickens' stroke in 1931)
Edward Tannock McPhee (1933–1936)
Sir Roland Wilson (1936–1940; 1946–1951)
Sir Stanley Roy Carver (acting from 1940 to 1946, and again from 1948 to 1951. Formally appointed Commonwealth Statistician from 20 August 1957 to 1961 or 6 February 1962)
Keith Archer (1962–1970)
Jack O'Neill (acting from 1969-1972. Commonwealth Statistician from 1972–1975)
Australian Statisticians
Robert William Cole 1976
Roy James Cameron (1977 – 1985)
Ian Castles (1986 – 1994)
Bill McLennan (1995 – July 2000)
Dennis Trewin (July 2000 – January 2007)
Brian Pink (March 2007 – January 2014)
David Kalisch (December 2014 – December 2019)
David Gruen (December 2019 – present)
References
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis%20Trewin
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Dennis John Trewin (born 14 August 1946) is an Australian former public servant, who was the Australian Statistician, the head of the Australian Bureau of Statistics, between July 2000 and January 2007.
Trewin joined the ABS in 1966 as a statistics cadet. Between 1992 and 1995 he was the Deputy Government Statistician in Statistics New Zealand and a Deputy Australian Statistician from 1995 to 2000, when he was appointed as the Australian Statistician.
Trewin was the driving force behind the ABS's pioneering 'Measures of Australia's Progress' (MAP), a new system of integrated national progress measurement, linking economic, social, environmental and governance dimensions of progress, a project which gained wide respect among other national statistical offices and helped bring about the OECD's global project, 'Measuring the Progress of Societies'.
He holds other senior appointments in Australia such as non-judicial member of the Australian Electoral Commission and an adjunct professor at Swinburne University. He has held the office of president of the Statistical Society of Australia.
Internationally, in 2005 he completed a term as president of the International Statistical Institute having previously been vice-president and president of the International Association of Survey Statisticians. He is a past editor of the International Statistical Review. He is chairman of the global executive board at the World Bank, chairman of the Asia/Pacific Committee of Statistics, an
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basement%20%28geology%29
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In geology, basement and crystalline basement are crystalline rocks lying above the mantle and beneath all other rocks and sediments. They are sometimes exposed at the surface, but often they are buried under miles of rock and sediment. The basement rocks lie below a sedimentary platform or cover, or more generally any rock below sedimentary rocks or sedimentary basins that are metamorphic or igneous in origin. In the same way, the sediments or sedimentary rocks on top of the basement can be called a "cover" or "sedimentary cover".
Crustal rocks are modified several times before they become basement, and these transitions alter their composition.
Continental crust
Basement rock is the thick foundation of ancient, and oldest, metamorphic and igneous rock that forms the crust of continents, often in the form of granite. Basement rock is contrasted to overlying sedimentary rocks which are laid down on top of the basement rocks after the continent was formed, such as sandstone and limestone. The sedimentary rocks which may be deposited on top of the basement usually form a relatively thin veneer, but can be more than thick. The basement rock of the crust can be thick or more. The basement rock can be located under layers of sedimentary rock, or be visible at the surface.
Basement rock is visible, for example, at the bottom of the Grand Canyon, consisting of 1.7- to 2-billion-year-old granite (Zoroaster Granite) and schist (Vishnu Schist). The Vishnu Schist is believed to be
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian%20cruiser%20Luigi%20Cadorna
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Luigi Cadorna was an Italian light cruiser, which served in the Regia Marina during World War II; named after Italian Field Marshal Luigi Cadorna who was commander in Chief of the Italian Army during World War I.
History
Luigi Cadorna was launched on 30 September 1931. During her early service she did operations in the Spanish Civil War. In April 1939 she participated in the occupation of Albania.
World War II
When World War II broke out she was a part of the 4th Cruiser Division and started laying mines on 9 June 1940 near the island of Lampedusa. A month later she was present in the Battle of Calabria where she avoided a submarine torpedo attack, engaged enemy aircraft and assisted her sister ship , which had boiler problems.
However, due to her relatively weak design and light armor, she went into reserve from 12 February 1941. The cruiser re-entered service when supplying of the Axis army in North Africa became more important. Luigi Cadorna provided distant cover for convoys headed towards North Africa. Occasionally she sortied with the fleet to intercept British convoys to Malta. In the period of November/December 1941 she was also used as a transport, transporting fuel and ammunition to Libya.
From January 1942 she was transferred to Pola, where she was employed in a training role. After a short refit in May/June 1943, she joined the 8th Cruiser Division on 14 June.
Between 24–30 June she transported troops to Albania, and on 3 July she was transferred to Tarant
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFA%20Cup%20and%20Europa%20League%20records%20and%20statistics
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This page details statistics of the UEFA Cup and UEFA Europa League. Unless notified these statistics concern all seasons since inception of the UEFA Cup in the 1971–72 season, including qualifying rounds. The UEFA Cup replaced the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup in the 1971–72 season, so the Fairs Cup is not considered a UEFA competition, and hence clubs' records in the Fairs Cup are not considered part of their European record.
General performances
By club
A total of 29 clubs have won the tournament since its 1971 inception, with Sevilla being the only team to win it seven times, and only one to win three in a row. A total of fifteen clubs have won the tournament multiple times: the forementioned club, along with Liverpool, Juventus, Inter Milan, Atlético Madrid, Borussia Mönchengladbach, Tottenham Hotspur, Real Madrid, IFK Göteborg, Parma, Feyenoord, Chelsea, Porto and Eintracht Frankfurt. A total of 32 clubs have reached the final without ever managing to win the tournament.
Clubs from eleven countries have provided tournament winners. Spanish clubs have been the most successful, winning a total of fourteen titles. Italy and England are second with nine each, while the other multiple-time winners are Germany with seven, Netherlands with four, and Portugal, Sweden and Russia with two each. The only other countries to provide a tournament winner are Belgium, Ukraine, and Turkey. France, Scotland, Yugoslavia, Hungary, and Austria have all provided losing finalists.
The 1980 UEFA
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel%20hopping
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Channel hopping can refer to:
Channel surfing, switching between television channels
Frequency-hopping spread spectrum, in telecommunications, sending radio signals using different carrier frequencies
Booze cruise, a brief trip across the English Channel from Britain in order to buy cigarettes or alcohol
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid%20signaling
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Lipid signaling, broadly defined, refers to any biological cell signaling event involving a lipid messenger that binds a protein target, such as a receptor, kinase or phosphatase, which in turn mediate the effects of these lipids on specific cellular responses. Lipid signaling is thought to be qualitatively different from other classical signaling paradigms (such as monoamine neurotransmission) because lipids can freely diffuse through membranes (see osmosis). One consequence of this is that lipid messengers cannot be stored in vesicles prior to release and so are often biosynthesized "on demand" at their intended site of action. As such, many lipid signaling molecules cannot circulate freely in solution but, rather, exist bound to special carrier proteins in serum.
Sphingolipid second messengers
Ceramide
Ceramide (Cer) can be generated by the breakdown of sphingomyelin (SM) by sphingomyelinases (SMases), which are enzymes that hydrolyze the phosphocholine group from the sphingosine backbone. Alternatively, this sphingosine-derived lipid (sphingolipid) can be synthesized from scratch (de novo) by the enzymes serine palmitoyl transferase (SPT) and ceramide synthase in organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and possibly, in the mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) and the perinuclear membranes. Being located in the metabolic hub, ceramide leads to the formation of other sphingolipids, with the C1 hydroxyl (-OH) group as the major site of modification. A sugar
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mpakwithi%20dialect
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Mpakwithi is an extinct Australian Aboriginal dialect of Queensland.
Classification
Mpakwithi is generally regarded as a dialect of a broader Anguthimri language, which is part of the Northern Paman family.
Phonology
Vowels
is found in only one word.
Mpakwithi has the most vowels of any Australian language, with 16–17. It also is the only Australian language to have nasal vowels.
Consonants
While other Anguthimri dialects and Northern Paman languages have three fricatives, , Mpakwithi has a fourth, . Its origin is uncertain. This is an extremely rare sound in Australian languages.
References
Northern Paman languages
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kholodna%20Hora%20%28Kharkiv%20Metro%29
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Kholodna Hora (, ; , meaning cold mountain) is a station on Kharkiv Metro's Kholodnohirsko–Zavodska Line. The station is the western terminus of the line and was opened on 23 August 1975. It is located under the Poltavsky Shosse, in the middle of the Kholodna Hora residential district in the western part of Kharkiv.
Until 8 October 1995, the station and the street on which it is located were known as Vulytsia Sverdlova (Sverdlov Street). Also, a bas-relief portrait of communist leader Yakov Sverdlov was located on the station, later removed. Two relief composite architectural items, which depicted communist scenes from the Velikiy Oktiabr and the Triumph of the Revolution, are still located on the station.
The station is put low underground, is a pillar-trispan with many white marble columns. The floor of the station has been finished off with red granite. It was designed by V.A Spivachyk; engineered by P.A. Bochikashvili and N.D. Ivanova; and decorated by V.I. Lenchin, P.P Yurchenko, and I.P. Yastrebov.
The Kholodna Hora station has two vestibules that are directly connected to the station and two exits, which have pedestrian cross tunnels under the Poltavsky Shosse. The large amount of passenger traffic on the station is accounted for by the many bus routes passing nearby, the buses carrying passengers to the neighboring towns and villages.
External links
Kholodna Hora on Gortransport Kharkiv site
Kharkiv Metro stations
Railway stations opened in 1975
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup%20K
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Haplogroup K may refer to:
Haplogroup K (mtDNA), a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup
Haplogroup K (Y-DNA), a human Y-chromosome (Y-DNA) haplogroup
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20and%20Salt
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Water and Salt is an Italian fairy tale, it can be found in the collection Italian Popular Tales, collected by Thomas Frederick Crane.
In the Aarne-Thompson classification system, Water and Salt is Type 923.
Synopsis
A king with three beautiful daughters asks them how much they love their father.
The eldest says, "I love you as bright as the sunshine."
The second daughter says, "I love you as wide as the ocean."
The youngest says, "Oh father, I love you as much as water and salt."
The father, not satisfied with the youngest daughter's reply, sentences her to death. Her two sisters instead give a small dog and one of the youngest sister's garments to the executioners. They cut off the small dog's tongue, and show the king, saying it was the youngest princess's. In reality, the executioners left her in a cave.
She is found in that cave by a wizard who takes her into his castle across from a palace. Here a King's son falls in love with the Princess, and a match is soon agreed upon. The day before the wedding, they kill and quarter the wizard, and the blood turns the castle into a palace.
On the day of the wedding, the girl passes salt and water to everybody except for the King. When asked why he is not eating, he explains he is not feeling well. After the meal, everyone tells stories.
The king tells the crowd of the daughter he executed. He is devastated, but then the Princess puts on the same dress she had when she told him she loved him as much as water and salt. She t
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SJF
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The initialism SJF might refer to:
Swedish Union of Journalists
Shortest job first or shortest job next, a scheduling algorithm
New Zealand rock band Straitjacket Fits
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Emory%20Andrus
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John Emory Andrus (February 16, 1841 – December 26, 1934) was mayor of Yonkers, New York, a U.S. Congressman from New York, and founder of the SURDNA Foundation.
Biography
Born in Pleasantville, New York, Andrus was the son of Methodist Minister, Loyal B. Andrus and Ann (Palmer) Andrus. He attended Charlotteville Seminary in Schoharie County, New York, and graduated from Wesleyan University in 1862. He married Julia Maria Dyckman on June 23, 1869. They had nine children, Mary, William, Edith, Margaret, Jesamine, John, Hamlin, Ida, and Helen.
Career
Andrus taught school in New Jersey for four years and then pursued his talents as an investor and businessman. His primary operating business, the Arlington Chemical Company, manufactured typical medicines of the late 1800s and distributed them worldwide. He was an investor in railroads and utilities, as well as real estate, mining claims, and the Standard Oil Company. He was director of the New York Life Insurance Company.
Andrus' extraordinary skills, however, lay in finding and purchasing undervalued assets, usually in partnership with a knowledgeable operator. His holdings included several buildings and land in Minneapolis, Minnesota, large timber tracts in California, mineral-rich acres in New Mexico as well as significant land holdings in Florida, New Jersey and Alaska. He served as president of the New York Pharmaceutical Association, and of the Palisade Manufacturing Co. of Yonkers, Westchester County. He was elected ma
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surdna%20Foundation
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The Surdna Foundation was established as a charitable foundation in 1917 by John Emory Andrus to pursue a range of philanthropic purposes.
History
A devoted family man with nine children, Andrus founded the Julia Dyckman Andrus Memorial in 1928 as a tribute to his beloved wife. She had been orphaned as a child, and in her honor Andrus bought a farm in Westchester County, New York in order to establish an orphanage. The Memorial later changed its name to the Surdna Foundation, with "Surdna" being the backward spelling of the family name Andrus.
In 1953 Andrus' youngest child, Helen Benedict, was serving as the chairman of Surdna. That year the foundation built the John E. Andrus Memorial, a retirement home for 200 elderly residents on land adjacent to the Julia Dyckman Andrus Memorial. She and the Foundation thereby completed his expressed wish that his legacy provide "opportunity for youth and rest for old age." In the early 1970s, the board of the Julia Dyckman Andrus Memorial shifted its programmatic emphasis to serve as a residential treatment, special education and diagnostic center for emotionally disabled children.
Funding
Family stewardship of Surdna over the years has been informed by Andrus's values: thrift, practicality, modesty, loyalty, excellence and an appreciation for direct service to those in need. These values have been applied both to oversight of the two Memorials and to more general grant programs. In 1989, the third and fourth generations of the Andru
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stj%C3%B8rna
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Stjørna is a former municipality in the old Sør-Trøndelag county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1899 until its dissolution in 1964. The municipality encompassed the land surrounding the Stjørnfjorden in what is now the municipalities of Ørland and Indre Fosen in Trøndelag county. The administrative centre of Stjørna was the village of Husbysjøen. The municipality of Stjørna also included the villages of Høybakken, Råkvåg, and Fevåg. The main church for the municipality was Stjørna Church which is now called Heggvik Church.
History
The municipality of Skjørn was established on 1 January 1899 when the old municipality of Bjugn was split into three separate municipalities: Bjugn (population: 1,256), Skjørn (population: 2,166), and Nes (population: 1,285). In 1918, the spelling of the name was changed from Skjørn to Stjørna. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1964, the northern part of the municipality (Nord-Stjørna) (population: 676) was merged with the neighboring municipalities of Bjugn (population: 1,240), Nes (population: 1,107), and Jøssund (population: 1,917) to form a new, larger municipality of Bjugn. The southern part of Stjørna municipality (Sør-Stjørna) (population: 1,868) was merged with the neighboring municipality of Rissa (population: 3,264) and most of the municipality of Stadsbygd (population: 1,616) to form a new, larger municipality of Rissa.
Name
The municipality
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husbysj%C3%B8en
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Husbysjøen is a village in the municipality of Indre Fosen in Trøndelag county, Norway. It was the administrative centre of the former municipality of Stjørna prior to its merger into neighboring Rissa municipality in 1964.
The village is located along the Sørfjorden, an arm of the Stjørnfjorden. It is about south of the village of Råkvåg, about east of the village of Hasselvika, and about north of the lake Storvatnet. Just north of the village is the Ramsvik Church.
References
Villages in Trøndelag
Indre Fosen
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W23
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W23 may refer to:
W23 (nuclear artillery shell)
Bayungu language
British NVC community W23, a scrub community in the British National Vegetation Classification system
Compound of five octahedra
Hansa-Brandenburg W.23, a German flying boat fighter
Wanderer W23, a vehicle manufactured by Wanderer
Wild Rose Idlewild Airport, in Waushara County, Wisconsin, United States
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advection%20upstream%20splitting%20method
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The Advection Upstream Splitting Method (AUSM) is a numerical method used to solve the advection equation in computational fluid dynamics. It is particularly useful for simulating compressible flows with shocks and discontinuities.
The AUSM is developed as a numerical inviscid flux function for solving a general system of conservation equations. It is based on the upwind concept and was motivated to provide an alternative approach to other upwind methods, such as the Godunov method, flux difference splitting methods by Roe, and Solomon and Osher, flux vector splitting methods by Van Leer, and Steger and Warming.
The AUSM first recognizes that the inviscid flux consist of two physically distinct parts, i.e., convective and pressure fluxes. The former is associated with the flow (advection) speed, while the latter with the acoustic speed; or respectively classified as the linear and nonlinear fields. Currently, the convective and pressure fluxes are formulated using the eigenvalues of the flux Jacobian matrices. The method was originally proposed by Liou and Steffen for the typical compressible aerodynamic flows, and later substantially improved in to yield a more accurate and robust version. To extend its capabilities, it has been further developed in for all speed-regimes and multiphase flow. Its variants have also been proposed.
Features
The Advection Upstream Splitting Method has many features. The main features are:
accurate capturing of shock and contact discontinui
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup%20H
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Haplogroup H may refer to:
Haplogroup H (mtDNA), i.e. human mitochondrial DNA
Haplogroup H (Y-DNA), i.e. human Y-chromosome DNA
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batak%20languages
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The Batak languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages spoken by the Batak people in the Indonesian province of North Sumatra and surrounding areas.
Internal classification
The Batak languages can be divided into two main branches, Northern Batak and Southern Batak. Simalungun was long considered an intermediary, but in current classifications it is recognized as part of the Southern branch. Within Northern Batak, a study noted 76% cognate words between Karo and Alas, 81% with Pakpak, 80% with Simalungun, and 30% with Malay (Indonesian). Karo and Toba Batak are mutually unintelligible.
Mandailing, Toba and Angkola are related to each other and mutually intelligible. Karo languages
are mutually intelligible with other Northern Batak languages named Alas – Kluet language's in the southern part of Aceh, and are also partially mutually intelligible with Pakpak and Singkil. Some Pakpak (Dairi) dialect also partially mutually intelligible with Toba languages. Simalungun languages are sometimes partially mutually intelligible with both Northern and Southern Batak, but more comprehensible with other Southern Batak languages (Toba-Angkola-Mandailing). The geographical influences on the Batak languages can be seen in the map in the infobox; Lake Toba separates the Karo (Northern Batak) from direct contact with the Toba (Southern Batak).
Reconstruction
The Batak languages can be shown to descend from a hypothetical common ancestor, Proto-Batak (which in turn originat
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borna%2C%20Leipzig
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Borna () is a town in Saxony, Germany, capital of the Leipzig district. It is situated approximately 30 km southeast of Leipzig city. It has approx. 19,000 inhabitants. The town is the district seat of the district of Leipzig.
Geography
Borna is located about south of Leipzig. The river Wyhra flows through the town. The surrounding landscape has been influenced by open-cast coal mining.
The town lies in the middle of Central German Metropolitan Region, with Leipzig distant, Gera , Chemnitz , Halle , and Dresden . Neighboring large towns are Altenburg, away, Grimma, and Zeitz .
History
Pre-history and Middle Ages
The current site of Borna town was originally two settlements; Altstadt (the old town) and Wenigborn. Before the foundation of the town, there had been a water castle since the 9th Century. The first written mention of the town of Borna was recorded in 1251. Borna was burnt to the ground five times during the wars of the Middle Ages.
19th Century Onwards
Since the early 19th century the landscape around Borna has been shaped by open-cast mining of brown coal (lignite) with an apex in the 1980s. For the last 20 years there have been huge efforts to revegetate this landscape e. g. by flooding opencast pits and creating new lakes as well as planting thousands of trees.
The industrialization of the town coincided with the start of lignite mining around 1800. The lignite industry was predominant in the region until recently.
Population
(December 31 each year)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijaw%20languages
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The Izon languages (), otherwise known as the Ịjọ languages, are the languages spoken by the Izon people in southern Nigeria.
Classification
The Ijo languages were traditionally considered a distinct branch of the Niger–Congo family (perhaps along with Defaka in a group called Ijoid). They are notable for their subject–object–verb basic word order, which is otherwise an unusual feature in Niger–Congo, shared only by such distant potential branches as Mande and Dogon. Like Mande and Dogon, Ijoid lacks even traces of the noun class system considered characteristic of Niger–Congo. This motivated Joseph Greenberg, in his initial classification of Niger–Congo, to describe them as having split early from that family. However, owing to the lack of these features, linguist Gerrit Dimmendaal doubts their inclusion in Niger–Congo altogether and considers the Ijoid languages to be an independent family.
The following internal classification is based on Jenewari (1989) and Williamson & Blench (2000).
East
Nkoroo
Kalabari (Bonny/Ibani, Okrika/Kirike)
Bille (Touma, Krikama, Jikeama)
Southeast Ijo
Nembe
Akassa
West (or Central)
Izon
Inland Ijo
Biseni
Akita (Okordia)
Oruma
Blench (2019) moves Southeast Ijo into the West (or Central) branch.
East
Nkoroo
Kalabari (Bonny/Ibani, Okrika/Kirike)
Bille
West (or Central)
Southeast Ijo
Nembe
Akassa
Izon–Inland Ijo
Izon
Inland Ijo
Biseni
Akita (Okordia)
Oruma
Names and locations
Below is a list of Ijaw language names, populations, and locations
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroblast%20growth%20factor%2023
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Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a protein and member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family which participates in the regulation of phosphate in plasma and vitamin D metabolism. In humans it is encoded by the gene. FGF23 decreases reabsorption of phosphate in the kidney. Mutations in FGF23 can lead to its increased activity, resulting in autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets.
Description
Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the gene. FGF23 is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family which participates in phosphate and vitamin D metabolism and regulation.
Function
FGF23´s main function is to regulate the phosphate concentration in plasma. It does this by decreasing reabsorption of phosphate in the kidney, which means phosphate is excreted in urine. FGF23 is secreted by osteocytes in response to increased calcitriol and phosphate. FGF23 acts on the kidneys by decreasing the expression of NPT2, a sodium-phosphate cotransporter in the proximal tubule.
FGF23 may also suppress 1-alpha-hydroxylase, reducing its ability to activate vitamin D and subsequently impairing calcium absorption.
Genetics
In humans FGF23 is encoded by the gene, which is located on chromosome 12 and is composed of three exons. The gene was identified by its mutations associated with autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets.
Clinical significance
Mutations in FGF23, which render the protein resistant to proteolytic cleavage
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maureen%20O%27Hara%20%28financial%20economist%29
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Maureen Patricia O'Hara is an American financial economist. O'Hara is the Robert W. Purcell Professor of Management, a professor of finance, and acting director in Graduate Studies at the Samuel Curtis Johnson Graduate School of Management at Cornell University. She has won numerous awards and grants for her research, served on numerous boards, served as an editor for numerous finance journals, and chaired the dissertations of numerous students. In addition, she is well known as the author of Market Microstructure Theory. She was the first female president of the American Finance Association. She has been awarded honorary doctorates from three European universities.
Research
O'Hara's research focuses on issues in market microstructure, and she is the author of Market Microstructure Theory as well as numerous journal articles. Her most recent research has focused on high frequency market microstructure, bond market microstructure, the impact of transparency on trading system performance, listing and delisting issues in securities markets, block chains and cryptocurrencies, and the role of liquidity and information risk in asset pricing. She also works on issues in finance and ethics with her most recent book being Something for Nothing: Arbitrage and Ethics on Wall Street.
In addition, O'Hara publishes widely on a broad range of topics including banking and financial intermediaries, law and finance, and experimental economics. Among O'Hara's numerous awards are the CFA Inst
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20M.%20Early
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James M. Early (July 25, 1922 – January 12, 2004) was an American electrical engineer, best known for his work on transistors and charge-coupled device imagers. He was also known as Jim Early.
Biography
He was born on July 25, 1922, in Syracuse, New York. He received an MSE degree (1948) and his Ph.D. (1951) all from Ohio State University.
The Early effect in bipolar junction transistors is named after Jim Early, who first characterized it and published a paper on it in 1952. The Early effect in bipolar junction transistors is due to an effective decrease in the base width because of the widening of the base-collector depletion region, resulting in an increase in the collector current with an increase in the collector voltage. The same type of length modulation in MOSFETs is also commonly referred to as Early effect.
Early was the first to make a transistor that would oscillate faster than "a thousand megacycles" (1 GHz), circa 1952, for which feat he won a bottle of Scotch whisky from John Robinson Pierce.
He also developed the transistors for America's first commercial communications satellite, the Telstar I. He was elevated to IEEE Fellow.
In the early 1970s, Early led research for Fairchild Semiconductor, where he invented the vertical anti-blooming drain for CCD image sensors.
He died on January 12, 2004, at the VA Palo Alto Health Care System in Palo Alto, California.
References
External links
Memorial page at Southwest Museum of Engineering, Communications an
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elections%20in%20Serbia
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Serbia elects a legislature and a president on a national level. The National Assembly of Serbia (Narodna skupština Republike Srbije) has 250 members elected for a four-year term. Serbia has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments. A party must receive at least 3% (lowered from 5% in 2020) of the votes in the entire country to qualify for any seats, except for national minorities' parties, who only have to reach 0.4%.
Results
Presidential elections
Parliamentary elections
Vojvodina provincial elections
See also
Electoral calendar
Electoral system
References
External links
Adam Carr's Election Archive
Parties and Elections in Europe
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subependymal%20zone
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The subependymal zone (SEZ) is a cell layer below the ependyma in the lateral ventricles of the brain. It is an adult version of the embryonic forebrain germinal zone. This region contains adult neural stem cells, also called neuroepithelial cells, which have the potential to generate new neurons and glial cells. The generation of neurons and glial cells from neuroepithelial cells occurs via neurogenesis and gliogenesis, respectively. In adults, the subependymal zone is also called the subventricular zone, as the ependymal cell layer forms the boundary between the fluid-filled ventricular space and the walls of the lateral ventricles.
Ilias Kazanis at the University of Cambridge compares the subependymal zone to a beating heart which "continuously sends new cells to different areas of the brain: neurons to the olfactory bulbs and glial cells to the cortex and the corpus callosum."
The subependymal zone is a region that may be affected by subependymal giant cell astrocytomas in people with tuberous sclerosis.
References
Cerebrum
Developmental neuroscience
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan%20Ottosson
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Jan Ottosson (born 10 March 1960 in Högsäter, Dalsland) is a former Swedish cross-country skier. A national team skier, he also represented Åsarna IK during the 1980s and early 1990s. He won two gold medals in the 4 × 10 km relay at the Winter Olympics (1984 and 1988), providing some of the most iconic and impressive legs of Swedish Olympic history. Additionally, he finished sixth in the 50 km event at the 1988 Winter Olympics, sixth in the 15 km event at the 1991 Nordic skiing World Championships, won eight individual Swedish championships, and won ten Swedish championship gold medals in the relays. Ottosson in best known is for winning the Vasaloppet four times in (1989, 1991, 1992, 1994). After his active career with the Åsarnas squad, Ottosson now works as an official on the Bergs ski center. Currently, Ottosson runs his own Vasaloppet training program, where the former champion helps others prepare for the race. Ottosson also owns a state-of-the-art ski grinding machine and a ski waxing business which the former champion uses to perfect patrons' skis for Vasaloppet race conditions.
Cross-country skiing results
All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).
Olympic Games
2 medals – (2 gold)
World Championships
World Cup
Season standings
Individual podiums
1 victory
5 podiums
Team podiums
6 victories
9 podiums
Note: Until the 1994 Winter Olympics, Olympic races were included in the World Cup scoring system.
References
External links
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup%20R
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Haplogroup R may refer to:
Haplogroup R (mtDNA), a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup
Haplogroup R (Y-DNA), a human Y-chromosome (Y-DNA) haplogroup
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup%20A
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Haplogroup A may refer to:
Haplogroup A (mtDNA), a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup
Haplogroup A (Y-DNA), a human Y-chromosome (Y-DNA) haplogroup
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup%20B
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Haplogroup B may refer to:
Haplogroup B (mtDNA), a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup
Haplogroup B (Y-DNA), a human Y-chromosome (Y-DNA) haplogroup
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup%20C
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Haplogroup C may refer to:
Haplogroup C (mtDNA), a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup
Haplogroup C (Y-DNA), a human Y-chromosome (Y-DNA) haplogroup
See also
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup%20D
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Haplogroup D may refer to:
Haplogroup D (mtDNA), a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup
Haplogroup D (Y-DNA), a human Y-chromosome (Y-DNA) haplogroup
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup%20I
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Haplogroup I may refer to:
Haplogroup I (mtDNA), a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup
Haplogroup I (Y-DNA), a human Y-chromosome (Y-DNA) haplogroup
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup%20J
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Haplogroup J may refer to:
Haplogroup J (mtDNA), a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup
Haplogroup J (Y-DNA), a human Y-chromosome (Y-DNA) haplogroup
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup%20M
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Haplogroup M may refer to:
Haplogroup M (mtDNA), a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup
Haplogroup M (Y-DNA), a human Y-chromosome (Y-DNA) haplogroup
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangafodipir
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Mangafodipir (sold under the brand name Teslascan as mangafodipir trisodium) is a contrast agent delivered intravenously to enhance contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the liver, and has potential to serve as an adjunct for various chemotherapeutic agents and during coronary intervention. It has two parts, a paramagnetic manganese(II) ion and the fodipir (dipyridoxyl diphosphate, DPDP) chelating agent. When freed from the organic ligand, the manganese shortens the longitudinal relaxation time (T1) in an MRI scan. Normal liver tissue absorbs the manganese more than abnormal or cancerous tissue, which makes the normal tissue appear brighter in MRIs. This enhanced contrast allows lesions to be more easily identified.
Mangafodipir was withdrawn from the US market in 2003 and the European market in 2012 for commercial reasons by the manufacturer.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) participate in pathological tissue damage. Mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) normally keeps ROS and RNS in check. During development of mangafodipir as an MRI contrast agent, it was discovered that it possessed MnSOD mimetic activity. Mangafodipir has been tested as a chemotherapy adjunct in cancer patients and as an adjunct to percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with myocardial infarctions, with promising results.
Mangafodipir has shown promising results in human brain imaging without detectable toxicity and usefulness in detect
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yttrium%28III%29%20antimonide
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Yttrium(III) antimonide (YSb) is an inorganic chemical compound.
References
Antimonides
Yttrium compounds
Rock salt crystal structure
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