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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Sherren%20Brewer | John Sherren Brewer, Jr. (March 1809 – February 1879) was an English clergyman, historian and scholar. He was a brother of E. Cobham Brewer, compiler of Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase & Fable.
Birth and education
Brewer was born in Norwich, the son of a Baptist schoolmaster. He matriculated at Queen's College, Oxford ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulatto | (, ) is a racial classification to refer to people of mixed African and European ancestry. Its use is considered outdated and offensive in several languages, including English and Dutch, whereas in languages such as Italian, Spanish and Portuguese is not, and can even be a source of pride. A () is a female mulatto.
C... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisson%27s%20equation | Poisson's equation is an elliptic partial differential equation of broad utility in theoretical physics. For example, the solution to Poisson's equation is the potential field caused by a given electric charge or mass density distribution; with the potential field known, one can then calculate electrostatic or gravitat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integration%20by%20substitution | In calculus, integration by substitution, also known as u-substitution, reverse chain rule or change of variables, is a method for evaluating integrals and antiderivatives. It is the counterpart to the chain rule for differentiation, and can loosely be thought of as using the chain rule "backwards."
Substitution for a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteric%20nervous%20system | The enteric nervous system (ENS) or intrinsic nervous system is one of the main divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and consists of a mesh-like system of neurons that governs the function of the gastrointestinal tract. It is capable of acting independently of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous syst... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PKI | PKI may refer to:
Partai Komunis Indonesia, the Communist Party of Indonesia
Peter Kiewit Institute, an Information Technology and Engineering school of the University of Nebraska system
Protein kinase inhibitor, a type of enzyme inhibitor that specifically blocks the action of one or more protein kinases
Public k... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S100 | S100 or S-100 may refer to:
S-100 bus, an early computer bus
S-100, an International Hydrographic Organization standard
S100 protein, low-molecular-weight proteins in vertebrates
The road number used in the Netherlands for inner-city ring roads
AVE Class 100, or S100, a high speed train
Canon PowerShot S100, a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Completeness%20%28statistics%29 | In statistics, completeness is a property of a statistic in relation to a parameterised model for a set of observed data.
A complete statistic T is one for which any proposed distribution on the domain of T is predicted by one or more prior distributions on the model parameter space. In other words, the model space is... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment-generating%20function | In probability theory and statistics, the moment-generating function of a real-valued random variable is an alternative specification of its probability distribution. Thus, it provides the basis of an alternative route to analytical results compared with working directly with probability density functions or cumulative... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme%20Commission%20number | The Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. As a system of enzyme nomenclature, every EC number is associated with a recommended name for the corresponding enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
EC numbers do not specify enzymes but enzy... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleural%20cavity | The pleural cavity, pleural space, or interpleural space is the potential space between the pleurae of the pleural sac that surrounds each lung. A small amount of serous pleural fluid is maintained in the pleural cavity to enable lubrication between the membranes, and also to create a pressure gradient.
The serous mem... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobian%20matrix%20and%20determinant | In vector calculus, the Jacobian matrix (, ) of a vector-valued function of several variables is the matrix of all its first-order partial derivatives. When this matrix is square, that is, when the function takes the same number of variables as input as the number of vector components of its output, its determinant is ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MDO | MDO may refer to:
MDO (band), Puerto Rico
Marine Diesel Oil
Medium density overlay, a type of plywood
Multidisciplinary design optimization, in engineering
Mixed-domain oscilloscope, with FFT
Multi-domain operations by the US DoD |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric%20tensor | In the mathematical field of differential geometry, a metric tensor (or simply metric) is an additional structure on a manifold (such as a surface) that allows defining distances and angles, just as the inner product on a Euclidean space allows defining distances and angles there. More precisely, a metric tensor at a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levi-Civita%20symbol | In mathematics, particularly in linear algebra, tensor analysis, and differential geometry, the Levi-Civita symbol or Levi-Civita epsilon represents a collection of numbers; defined from the sign of a permutation of the natural numbers , for some positive integer . It is named after the Italian mathematician and physic... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermite%20polynomials | In mathematics, the Hermite polynomials are a classical orthogonal polynomial sequence.
The polynomials arise in:
signal processing as Hermitian wavelets for wavelet transform analysis
probability, such as the Edgeworth series, as well as in connection with Brownian motion;
combinatorics, as an example of an Appell... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrostatic%20loudspeaker | An electrostatic loudspeaker (ESL) is a loudspeaker design in which sound is generated by the force exerted on a membrane suspended in an electrostatic field.
Design and functionality
The speakers use a thin flat diaphragm usually consisting of a plastic sheet coated with a conductive material such as graphite sandwi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone%20marrow | Bone marrow is a semi-solid tissue found within the spongy (also known as cancellous) portions of bones. In birds and mammals, bone marrow is the primary site of new blood cell production (or haematopoiesis). It is composed of hematopoietic cells, marrow adipose tissue, and supportive stromal cells. In adult humans, bo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legendre%20function | In physical science and mathematics, the Legendre functions , and associated Legendre functions , , and Legendre functions of the second kind, , are all solutions of Legendre's differential equation. The Legendre polynomials and the associated Legendre polynomials are also solutions of the differential equation in spe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-coding%20RNA | A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene. Abundant and functionally important types of non-coding RNAs include transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), as well ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20RNA | Small RNA (sRNA) are polymeric RNA molecules that are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and are usually non-coding. RNA silencing is often a function of these molecules, with the most common and well-studied example being RNA interference (RNAi), in which endogenously expressed microRNA (miRNA) or exogenously derive... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srna | Srna, sRNA, or SRNA may refer to:
Darijo Srna (born 1982), Croatian footballer
small RNA, abbreviated as sRNA, a class of ribonucleic acid molecule
soluble RNA, abbreviated as sRNA (now called transfer RNA, abbreviated as tRNA), an adaptor molecule composed of ribonucleic acid
Student Registered Nurse Anesthetist,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas%20Saunderson | Nicholas Saunderson (20 January 1682 – 19 April 1739) was a blind English scientist and mathematician. According to one historian of statistics, he may have been the earliest discoverer of Bayes' theorem. He worked as Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University, a post also held by Isaac Newton, Charle... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological%20classification | Ecological classification or ecological typology is the classification of land or water into geographical units that represent variation in one or more ecological features. Traditional approaches focus on geology, topography, biogeography, soils, vegetation, climate conditions, living species, habitats, water resources... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cough | A cough is a sudden expulsion of air through the large breathing passages which can help clear them of fluids, irritants, foreign particles and microbes. As a protective reflex, coughing can be repetitive with the cough reflex following three phases: an inhalation, a forced exhalation against a closed glottis, and a vi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isidor%20Isaac%20Rabi | Isidor Isaac Rabi (; born Israel Isaac Rabi, July 29, 1898 – January 11, 1988) was an American physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1944 for his discovery of nuclear magnetic resonance, which is used in magnetic resonance imaging. He was also one of the first scientists in the United States to work on the ca... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanocrystalline%20silicon | Nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si), sometimes also known as microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si), is a form of porous silicon. It is an allotropic form of silicon with paracrystalline structure—is similar to amorphous silicon (a-Si), in that it has an amorphous phase. Where they differ, however, is that nc-Si has small grains... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bor%C5%AFvka%27s%20algorithm | Borůvka's algorithm is a greedy algorithm for finding a minimum spanning tree in a graph,
or a minimum spanning forest in the case of a graph that is not connected.
It was first published in 1926 by Otakar Borůvka as a method of constructing an efficient electricity network for Moravia.
The algorithm was rediscovered ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TFT | TFT may refer to:
Electronics
Thin-film transistor, a type of transistor commonly used in flat-screen displays
Gaming
Teamfight Tactics, an auto battler game from League of Legends developer Riot Games
Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne, an expansion to the video game Warcraft III
The Fantasy Trip, a role playing ga... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecophagy | Ecophagy is a term coined by Robert Freitas that means the literal consumption of an ecosystem. It derives from the Greek "οἶκος" (), which refers to a "house" or "household", and the Greek "φαγεῖν" (), "to eat".
Freitas used the term to describe a scenario involving molecular nanotechnology gone awry. In this situati... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USRobotics | U.S. Robotics Corporation, often called USR, is a company that produces USRobotics computer modems and related products. Its initial marketing was aimed at bulletin board systems, where its high-speed HST protocol made FidoNet transfers much faster, and thus less costly. During the 1990s it became a major consumer bran... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azande%20people | The Azande are an ethnic group in Central Africa speaking the Zande languages (whose classification are uncertain). They live in the south-eastern part of the Central African Republic, the north-eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the south-central and south-western parts of South Sudan.
The Co... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascites | Ascites is the abnormal build-up of fluid in the abdomen. Technically, it is more than 25 ml of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, although volumes greater than one liter may occur. Symptoms may include increased abdominal size, increased weight, abdominal discomfort, and shortness of breath. Complications can include spo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COMAL | COMAL (Common Algorithmic Language) is a computer programming language developed in Denmark by Børge R. Christensen and Benedict Løfstedt and originally released in 1975. COMAL was one of the few structured programming languages that were available for and comfortably usable on 8-bit home computers. It was based on the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probabilistic%20Turing%20machine | In theoretical computer science, a probabilistic Turing machine is a non-deterministic Turing machine that chooses between the available transitions at each point according to some probability distribution. As a consequence, a probabilistic Turing machine can—unlike a deterministic Turing Machine—have stochastic result... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template%20metaprogramming | Template metaprogramming (TMP) is a metaprogramming technique in which templates are used by a compiler to generate temporary source code, which is merged by the compiler with the rest of the source code and then compiled. The output of these templates can include compile-time constants, data structures, and complete f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markov%20algorithm | In theoretical computer science, a Markov algorithm is a string rewriting system that uses grammar-like rules to operate on strings of symbols. Markov algorithms have been shown to be Turing-complete, which means that they are suitable as a general model of computation and can represent any mathematical expression from... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetragonal%20crystal%20system | In crystallography, the tetragonal crystal system is one of the 7 crystal systems. Tetragonal crystal lattices result from stretching a cubic lattice along one of its lattice vectors, so that the cube becomes a rectangular prism with a square base (a by a) and height (c, which is different from a).
Bravais lattices
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking%20Bj%C3%B6rk | Viking Olov Björk (3 December 1918, in Sunnansjö, Dalarna – 18 February 2009) was a Swedish cardiac surgeon.
In 1968, he collaborated with American engineer Donald Shiley to develop the Björk–Shiley valve, a mechanical prosthetic heart valve. It was the first "tilting disc valve", used to replace the aortic or mitral ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramyxoviridae | Paramyxoviridae (from Greek para- “by the side of” and myxa “mucus”) is a family of negative-strand RNA viruses in the order Mononegavirales. Vertebrates serve as natural hosts. Diseases associated with this family include measles, mumps, and respiratory tract infections. The family has four subfamilies, 17 genera, and... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maturity | Maturity or immaturity may refer to:
Adulthood or age of majority
Maturity model
Capability Maturity Model, in software engineering, a model representing the degree of formality and optimization of processes in an organization
Developmental age, the age of an embryo as measured from the point of fertilization
Mat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrangian | Lagrangian may refer to:
Mathematics
Lagrangian function, used to solve constrained minimization problems in optimization theory; see Lagrange multiplier
Lagrangian relaxation, the method of approximating a difficult constrained problem with an easier problem having an enlarged feasible set
Lagrangian dual problem,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savanna | A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland-grassland (i.e. grassy woodland) ecosystem characterised by the trees being sufficiently widely spaced so that the canopy does not close. The open canopy allows sufficient light to reach the ground to support an unbroken herbaceous layer consisting primarily of grasses. Accordi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coding%20region | The coding region of a gene, also known as the coding sequence (CDS), is the portion of a gene's DNA or RNA that codes for protein. Studying the length, composition, regulation, splicing, structures, and functions of coding regions compared to non-coding regions over different species and time periods can provide a sig... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CpG%20site | The CpG sites or CG sites are regions of DNA where a cytosine nucleotide is followed by a guanine nucleotide in the linear sequence of bases along its 5' → 3' direction. CpG sites occur with high frequency in genomic regions called CpG islands (or CG islands).
Cytosines in CpG dinucleotides can be methylated to form ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erlang%20distribution | The Erlang distribution is a two-parameter family of continuous probability distributions with support . The two parameters are:
a positive integer the "shape", and
a positive real number the "rate". The "scale", the reciprocal of the rate, is sometimes used instead.
The Erlang distribution is the distribution of... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical%20equation | A chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form of symbols and chemical formulas. The reactant entities are given on the left-hand side and the product entities are on the right-hand side with a plus sign between the entities in both the reactants and the products, and an arrow tha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernoulli%20distribution | In probability theory and statistics, the Bernoulli distribution, named after Swiss mathematician Jacob Bernoulli, is the discrete probability distribution of a random variable which takes the value 1 with probability and the value 0 with probability . Less formally, it can be thought of as a model for the set of poss... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film%20transistor | A thin-film transistor (TFT) is a special type of field-effect transistor (FET) where the transistor is made by thin film deposition. TFTs are grown on a supporting (but non-conducting) substrate. A common substrate is glass, because the traditional application of TFTs is in liquid-crystal displays (LCDs). This differ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemolymph | Hemolymph, or haemolymph, is a fluid, analogous to the blood in vertebrates, that circulates in the interior of the arthropod (invertebrate) body, remaining in direct contact with the animal's tissues. It is composed of a fluid plasma in which hemolymph cells called hemocytes are suspended. In addition to hemocytes, th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FAO%20soil%20classification | The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) developed a supra-national classification, which offers useful generalizations about pedogenesis in relation to the interactions between the main soil-forming factors. It was first published in form of the UNESCO Soil Map of the World (1974) (scale 1 : 5... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular%20frequency | In physics, angular frequency (symbol ω), also called angular speed and angular rate, is a scalar measure of the angle rate (the angle per unit time) or the temporal rate of change of the phase argument of a sinusoidal waveform or sine function (for example, in oscillations and waves).
Angular frequency (or angular spe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre%20%C3%89mile%20Levasseur | Pierre Émile Levasseur, 3rd Baron Levasseur (8 December 1828 – 10 July 1911), was a French economist, historian, Professor of geography, history and statistics in the Collège de France, at the Conservatoire national des arts et métiers and at the École Libre des Sciences Politiques, known as one of the founders and pro... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytokinesis | Cytokinesis () is the part of the cell division process during which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell divides into two daughter cells. Cytoplasmic division begins during or after the late stages of nuclear division in mitosis and meiosis. During cytokinesis the spindle apparatus partitions and transports dupli... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spindle%20apparatus | In cell biology, the spindle apparatus is the cytoskeletal structure of eukaryotic cells that forms during cell division to separate sister chromatids between daughter cells. It is referred to as the mitotic spindle during mitosis, a process that produces genetically identical daughter cells, or the meiotic spindle dur... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatid | A chromatid (Greek khrōmat- 'color' + -id) is one half of a duplicated chromosome. Before replication, one chromosome is composed of one DNA molecule. In replication, the DNA molecule is copied, and the two molecules are known as chromatids. During the later stages of cell division these chromatids separate longitudina... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crista | A crista (; plural cristae) is a fold in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. The name is from the Latin for crest or plume, and it gives the inner membrane its characteristic wrinkled shape, providing a large amount of surface area for chemical reactions to occur on. This aids aerobic cellular respiration, because t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolle%27s%20theorem | In calculus, Rolle's theorem or Rolle's lemma essentially states that any real-valued differentiable function that attains equal values at two distinct points must have at least one stationary point somewhere between them—that is, a point where the first derivative (the slope of the tangent line to the graph of the fun... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel%20Rolle | Michel Rolle (21 April 1652 – 8 November 1719) was a French mathematician. He is best known for Rolle's theorem (1691). He is also the co-inventor in Europe of Gaussian elimination (1690).
Life
Rolle was born in Ambert, Basse-Auvergne. Rolle, the son of a shopkeeper, received only an elementary education. He married e... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligonucleotide | Oligonucleotides are short DNA or RNA molecules, oligomers, that have a wide range of applications in genetic testing, research, and forensics. Commonly made in the laboratory by solid-phase chemical synthesis, these small fragments of nucleic acids can be manufactured as single-stranded molecules with any user-specifi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baire%20space | In mathematics, a topological space is said to be a Baire space if countable unions of closed sets with empty interior also have empty interior.
According to the Baire category theorem, compact Hausdorff spaces and complete metric spaces are examples of Baire spaces.
The Baire category theorem combined with the proper... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huperzioideae | Huperzioideae is a subfamily of lycopsids in the family Lycopodiaceae. It has sometimes been recognized as a separate family, Huperziaceae. The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I) recognizes three extant genera:
Huperzia (temperate firmosses); about 25 species; terrestrial.
Phlegmariurus (trop... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Cisterna | The Battle of Cisterna took place during World War II, on 30 January–2 February 1944, near Cisterna, Italy, as part of the Battle of Anzio, part of the Italian Campaign. The battle was a clear German victory which also had repercussions on the employment of U.S. Army Rangers that went beyond the immediate tactical and ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisterna | A cisterna (: cisternae) is a flattened membrane vesicle found in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Cisternae are an integral part of the packaging and modification processes of proteins occurring in the Golgi.
Function
Proteins begin on the cis side of the Golgi (the side facing the ER) and exit on the t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maze%20generation%20algorithm | Maze generation algorithms are automated methods for the creation of mazes.
Graph theory based methods
A maze can be generated by starting with a predetermined arrangement of cells (most commonly a rectangular grid but other arrangements are possible) with wall sites between them. This predetermined arrangement can ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisterna%20di%20Latina | Cisterna di Latina is a town and comune in the province of Latina in Lazio, of central Italy. It was the scene of the Battle of Cisterna in January 1944.
The Garden of Ninfa is located in the commune's territory.
The town, then known as Tres Tabernae ("The Three Taverns") is mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles as o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divide-and-conquer%20algorithm | In computer science, divide and conquer is an algorithm design paradigm. A divide-and-conquer algorithm recursively breaks down a problem into two or more sub-problems of the same or related type, until these become simple enough to be solved directly. The solutions to the sub-problems are then combined to give a solut... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA%20polymerase | In molecular biology, RNA polymerase (abbreviated RNAP or RNApol), or more specifically DNA-directed/dependent RNA polymerase (DdRP), is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactions that synthesize RNA from a DNA template.
Using the enzyme helicase, RNAP locally opens the double-stranded DNA so that one strand of... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Styrofoam | Styrofoam is a trademarked brand of closed-cell extruded polystyrene foam (XPS), manufactured to provide continuous building insulation board used in walls, roofs, and foundations as thermal insulation and as a water barrier. This material is light blue in color and is owned and manufactured by DuPont. DuPont also has ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rechargeable%20battery | A rechargeable battery, storage battery, or secondary cell (formally a type of energy accumulator), is a type of electrical battery which can be charged, discharged into a load, and recharged many times, as opposed to a disposable or primary battery, which is supplied fully charged and discarded after use. It is compos... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gradient%20descent | In mathematics, gradient descent (also often called steepest descent) is a first-order iterative optimization algorithm for finding a local minimum of a differentiable function. The idea is to take repeated steps in the opposite direction of the gradient (or approximate gradient) of the function at the current point, b... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle%20of%20maximum%20entropy | The principle of maximum entropy states that the probability distribution which best represents the current state of knowledge about a system is the one with largest entropy, in the context of precisely stated prior data (such as a proposition that expresses testable information).
Another way of stating this: Take pr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean%20squared%20error | In statistics, the mean squared error (MSE) or mean squared deviation (MSD) of an estimator (of a procedure for estimating an unobserved quantity) measures the average of the squares of the errors—that is, the average squared difference between the estimated values and the actual value. MSE is a risk function, correspo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency-division%20multiple%20access | Frequency-division multiple access (FDMA) is a channel access method used in some multiple-access protocols. FDMA allows multiple users to send data through a single communication channel, such as a coaxial cable or microwave beam, by dividing the bandwidth of the channel into separate non-overlapping frequency sub-ch... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus | Coronaviruses are a group of related RNA viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans and birds, they cause respiratory tract infections that can range from mild to lethal. Mild illnesses in humans include some cases of the common cold (which is also caused by other viruses, predominantly rhinoviruses), ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAN | RAN may refer to:
Radio access network, a part of a mobile telecommunication system
Rainforest Action Network
Ran (gene) (RAs-related Nuclear protein), also known as GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran, a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAN gene
Ran (Sufism), a concept of Sufism
RAN translation (Repeat Assoc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MATH-MATIC | MATH-MATIC is the marketing name for the AT-3 (Algebraic Translator 3) compiler, an early programming language for the UNIVAC I and UNIVAC II.
MATH-MATIC was written beginning around 1955 by a team led by Charles Katz under the direction of Grace Hopper. A preliminary manual was produced in 1957 and a final manual the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caveolae | In biology, caveolae (Latin for "little caves"; singular, caveola), which are a special type of lipid raft, are small (50–100 nanometer) invaginations of the plasma membrane in the cells of many vertebrates. They are the most abundant surface feature of many vertebrate cell types, especially endothelial cells, adipocyt... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral%20density | The power spectrum of a time series describes the distribution of power into frequency components composing that signal. According to Fourier analysis, any physical signal can be decomposed into a number of discrete frequencies, or a spectrum of frequencies over a continuous range. The statistical average of any so... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardized%20moment | In probability theory and statistics, a standardized moment of a probability distribution is a moment (often a higher degree central moment) that is normalized, typically by a power of the standard deviation, rendering the moment scale invariant. The shape of different probability distributions can be compared using st... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor%20contraction | In multilinear algebra, a tensor contraction is an operation on a tensor that arises from the natural pairing of a finite-dimensional vector space and its dual. In components, it is expressed as a sum of products of scalar components of the tensor(s) caused by applying the summation convention to a pair of dummy indice... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed%20tensor | In tensor analysis, a mixed tensor is a tensor which is neither strictly covariant nor strictly contravariant; at least one of the indices of a mixed tensor will be a subscript (covariant) and at least one of the indices will be a superscript (contravariant).
A mixed tensor of type or valence , also written "type (M, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covariance%20and%20contravariance%20of%20vectors | In physics, especially in multilinear algebra and tensor analysis, covariance and contravariance describe how the quantitative description of certain geometric or physical entities changes with a change of basis. In modern mathematical notation, the role is sometimes swapped.
A simple illustrative case is that of a ve... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical%20harmonics | In mathematics and physical science, spherical harmonics are special functions defined on the surface of a sphere. They are often employed in solving partial differential equations in many scientific fields.
Since the spherical harmonics form a complete set of orthogonal functions and thus an orthonormal basis, each f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89mile%20Clapeyron | Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron (; 26 January 1799 – 28 January 1864) was a French engineer and physicist, one of the founders of thermodynamics.
Life
Born in Paris, Clapeyron studied at the École polytechnique, graduating in 1818. He also studied at École des mines. In 1820 he and Gabriel Lamé went to Saint Petersburg to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20aircraft%20carriers%20of%20the%20United%20States%20Navy | Aircraft carriers are warships that act as airbases for carrier-based aircraft. In the United States Navy, these consist of ships commissioned with hull classification symbols CV (aircraft carrier), CVA (attack aircraft carrier), CVB (large aircraft carrier), CVL (light aircraft carrier), CVN (aircraft carrier (nuclear... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteorite%20classification | In meteoritics, a meteorite classification system attempts to group similar meteorites and allows scientists to communicate with a standardized terminology when discussing them. Meteorites are classified according to a variety of characteristics, especially mineralogical, petrological, chemical, and isotopic properties... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurt%20W%C3%BCthrich | Kurt Wüthrich (born 4 October 1938 in Aarberg, Canton of Bern) is a Swiss chemist/biophysicist and Nobel Chemistry laureate, known for developing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods for studying biological macromolecules.
Education and early life
Born in Aarberg, Switzerland, Wüthrich was educated in chemistry, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocephalus | Hydrocephalus is a condition in which an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) occurs within the brain. This typically causes increased pressure inside the skull. Older people may have headaches, double vision, poor balance, urinary incontinence, personality changes, or mental impairment. In babies, it may be seen ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic%20resonance | Magnetic resonance is a process by which a physical excitation (resonance) is set up via magnetism.
This process was used to develop magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMRS) technology.
It is also being used to develop nuclear magnetic resonance quantum computers.
History
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20telescope%20types | The following are lists of devices categorized as types of telescopes or devices associated with telescopes. They are broken into major classifications with many variations due to professional, amateur, and commercial sub-types. Telescopes can be classified by optical design or mechanical design/construction. Telescope... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flooding%20algorithm | A flooding algorithm is an algorithm for distributing material to every part of a graph. The name derives from the concept of inundation by a flood.
Flooding algorithms are used in computer networking and graphics. Flooding algorithms are also useful for solving many mathematical problems, including maze problems and... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical%20path%20method | The critical path method (CPM), or critical path analysis (CPA), is an algorithm for scheduling a set of project activities. A critical path is determined by identifying the longest stretch of dependent activities and measuring the time required to complete them from start to finish. It is commonly used in conjunction ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noctilucales | The Noctilucales are an order of marine dinoflagellates. They differ from most others in that the mature cell is diploid and its nucleus does not show a dinokaryotic organization. They show gametic meiosis.
Characteristics
These cells are very large, from 0.2 to 2 millimetres in diameter, and are filled with large buo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liouville%E2%80%93Neumann%20series | In mathematics, the Liouville–Neumann series is an infinite series that corresponds to the resolvent formalism technique of solving the Fredholm integral equations in Fredholm theory.
Definition
The Liouville–Neumann (iterative) series is defined as
which, provided that is small enough so that the series converges, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lam | Lam or LAM may refer to:
Organizations
Laguna Art Museum, California, US
Lam Eng Rubber, a Malaysian manufacturer
Lam Research, American semiconductor equipment company
LAM Mozambique Airlines, flag carrier airline of Mozambique
Libraries, archives and museums; see GLAM (cultural heritage)
Les Afriques dans le m... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinokaryota | Dinokaryota is a main grouping of dinoflagellates. They include all species where the nucleus remains a dinokaryon throughout the entire cell cycle, which is typically dominated by the haploid stage. All the "typical" dinoflagellates, such as Peridinium and Gymnodinium, belong here. Others are more unusual, including... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saliva | Saliva (commonly referred to as spit) is an extracellular fluid produced and secreted by salivary glands in the mouth. In humans, saliva is around 99% water, plus electrolytes, mucus, white blood cells, epithelial cells (from which DNA can be extracted), enzymes (such as lipase and amylase), antimicrobial agents (such ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibbs%E2%80%93Helmholtz%20equation | The Gibbs–Helmholtz equation is a thermodynamic equation used to calculate changes in the Gibbs free energy of a system as a function of temperature. It was originally presented in an 1882 paper entitled "Die Thermodynamik chemischer Vorgänge" by Hermann von Helmholtz. It describes how the Gibbs free energy, which was ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodor%20Svedberg | Theodor Svedberg (30 August 1884 – 25 February 1971) was a Swedish chemist and Nobel laureate for his research on colloids and proteins using the ultracentrifuge. Svedberg was active at Uppsala University from the mid-1900s to late 1940s. While at Uppsala, Svedberg started as a docent before becoming the university's p... |
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