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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content%20Vectoring%20Protocol | In computer networks, Content Vectoring Protocol is a protocol for filtering data that is crossing a firewall into an external scanning device. An example of this is where all HTTP traffic is virus-scanned before being sent out to the user.
This protocol is identified as part of the Checkpoint training as being one of the benefits of their products. It is not known whether this is just a re-working of another protocol that has been re-branded by Checkpoint or if this is a generic Internet protocol.
Its default is to use TCP port 18181.
It is used separately by few servers implementing firewall to inspect the http content. It may or may not inspect the whole of the content, which is entirely based on the administrator managing the firewall. The administrator can direct the whole of the internet traffic to the content vectoring protocol or specific content coming from specific source to be inspected by the content vectoring protocol.
References
Network protocols |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Col%20des%20Planches | Col des Planches (el. 1411 m.) is a high mountain pass in the Alps in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. The road to the Col runs from Martigny at 471m with an average gradient of about 9%, over Col des Planches then down to Sembrancher at 717m with an average gradient of 7%
See also
List of highest paved roads in Europe
List of mountain passes
Planches
Planches |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate%20of%20Delhi | The climate of Delhi is an overlap between monsoon-influenced humid subtropical (Köppen climate classification Cwa) and semi-arid (Köppen climate classification BSh), with high variation between summer and winter temperatures and precipitation. Delhi's version of a humid subtropical climate is markedly different from many other humid subtropical cities such as São Paulo, Houston, and Brisbane in that the city features dust storms (something more commonly seen in a desert climate) and wildfire haze (something seen in a Mediterranean climate) due to its semi-arid climate.
Summer starts in early April and peaks in late May or early June, with average temperatures near although occasional heat waves can result in highs close to on some days and therefore higher apparent temperature. The monsoon starts in late June and lasts until mid-September, with about of rain. The average temperatures are around , although they can vary from around on rainy days to during dry spells. The monsoons recede in late September, and the post-monsoon season continues till late October, with average temperatures sliding from .
Winter starts in November and peaks in January, with average temperatures around . Although daytime temperatures are warm, Delhi's proximity to the Himalayas results in cold waves leading to lower apparent temperature due to wind chill. Delhi is notorious for its heavy fogs and haze during the winter season. In December, reduced visibility leads to disruption of road, a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc%20proteinate | Zinc proteinate is the final product resulting from the chelation of zinc with amino acids and/or partially hydrolyzed proteins. It is used as a nutritional animal feed supplement formulated to prevent and/or correct zinc deficiency in animals. Zinc proteinate can be used in place of zinc sulfate and zinc methionine.
References
External links
Association of American Feed Control Officials
Life Cycle Trace Mineral Needs for Reducing Stress in Beef Production, Montana State University
Dietary minerals
proteinate |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic%20mutation | In genetics, a dynamic mutation is an unstable heritable element where the probability of expression of a mutant phenotype is a function of the number of copies of the mutation. That is, the replication product (progeny) of a dynamic mutation has a different likelihood of mutation than its predecessor. These mutations, typically short sequences repeated many times, give rise to numerous known diseases, including the trinucleotide repeat disorders.
Robert I. Richards and Grant R. Sutherland called these phenomena, in the framework of dynamical genetics, dynamic mutations. Triplet expansion is caused by slippage during DNA replication. Due to the repetitive nature of the DNA sequence in these regions , 'loop out' structures may form during DNA replication while maintaining complementary base pairing between the parent strand and daughter strand being synthesized. If the loop out structure is formed from sequence on the daughter strand this will result in an increase in the number of repeats. However, if the loop out structure is formed on the parent strand a decrease in the number of repeats occurs. It appears that expansion of these repeats is more common than reduction. Generally the larger the expansion the more likely they are to cause disease or increase the severity of disease. This property results in the characteristic of anticipation seen in trinucleotide repeat disorders. Anticipation describes the tendency of age of onset to decrease and severity of symptoms to inc |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylcrotonyl-CoA%20carboxylase | Methylcrotonyl CoA carboxylase (, MCC) (3-methylcrotonyl CoA carboxylase, methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase) is a biotin-requiring enzyme located in the mitochondria. MCC uses bicarbonate as a carboxyl group source to catalyze the carboxylation of a carbon adjacent to a carbonyl group performing the fourth step in processing leucine, an essential amino acid.
Structure
Gene
Human MCC is a biotin dependent mitochondrial enzyme formed by the two subunits MCCCα and MCCCβ, encoded by MCCC1 and MCCC2 respectively. MCCC1 gene has 21 exons and resides on chromosome 3 at q27. MCCC2 gene has 19 exons and resides on chromosome 5 at q12-q13.
Protein
The enzyme contains α and β subunits. Human MCCCα is composed of 725 amino acids which harbor a covalently bound biotin essential for the ATP-dependent carboxylation; MCCCβ has 563 amino acids that possess carboxyltransferase activity which presumably is essential for binding to 3-methylcrotonyl CoA. The MCC holoenzyme is thought to be a heterododecamer (6α6β) with close structural analogy to propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC), another biotin dependent mitochondrial carboxylase.
Function
During branched-chain amino acid degradation, MCC performs a single step in the breakdown of leucine to eventually yield acetyl CoA and acetoacetate. MCC catalyzes the carboxylation of 3-methylcrotonyl CoA to 3-methylglutaconyl CoA, a critical step for leucine and isovaleric acid catabolism in species including mammals, plants and bacteria. 3-Methylglutaconyl |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designation | Designation may refer to:
Designation (law), the process of determining an incumbent's successor
Professional certification
Designation (landmarks), an official classification determined by a government agency or historical society
Designation Scheme, a system for recognising library and museum collections in England
See also
United States Department of Defense aerospace vehicle designation
Designate (Columbia)
Design |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20nonlocality | In theoretical physics, quantum nonlocality refers to the phenomenon by which the measurement statistics of a multipartite quantum system do not admit an interpretation in terms of a local realistic theory. Quantum nonlocality has been experimentally verified under different physical assumptions. Any physical theory that aims at superseding or replacing quantum theory should account for such experiments and therefore cannot fulfill local realism; quantum nonlocality is a property of the universe that is independent of our description of nature.
Quantum nonlocality does not allow for faster-than-light communication, and hence is compatible with special relativity and its universal speed limit of objects. Thus, quantum theory is local in the strict sense defined by special relativity and, as such, the term "quantum nonlocality" is sometimes considered a misnomer. Still, it prompts many of the foundational discussions concerning quantum theory.
History
Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen
In the 1935 EPR paper, Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky and Nathan Rosen described "two spatially separated particles which have both perfectly correlated positions and momenta" as a direct consequence of quantum theory. They intended to use the classical principle of locality to challenge the idea that the quantum wavefunction was a complete description of reality, but instead they sparked a debate on the nature of reality.
Afterwards, Einstein presented a variant of these ideas in a letter to Erwi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stochastic%20approximation | Stochastic approximation methods are a family of iterative methods typically used for root-finding problems or for optimization problems. The recursive update rules of stochastic approximation methods can be used, among other things, for solving linear systems when the collected data is corrupted by noise, or for approximating extreme values of functions which cannot be computed directly, but only estimated via noisy observations.
In a nutshell, stochastic approximation algorithms deal with a function of the form
which is the expected value of a function depending on a random variable . The goal is to recover properties of such a function without evaluating it directly. Instead, stochastic approximation algorithms use random samples of to efficiently approximate properties of such as zeros or extrema.
Recently, stochastic approximations have found extensive applications in the fields of statistics and machine learning, especially in settings with big data. These applications range from stochastic optimization methods and algorithms, to online forms of the EM algorithm, reinforcement learning via temporal differences, and deep learning, and others.
Stochastic approximation algorithms have also been used in the social sciences to describe collective dynamics: fictitious play in learning theory and consensus algorithms can be studied using their theory.
The earliest, and prototypical, algorithms of this kind are the Robbins–Monro and Kiefer–Wolfowitz algorithms intro |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonlinear%20conjugate%20gradient%20method | In numerical optimization, the nonlinear conjugate gradient method generalizes the conjugate gradient method to nonlinear optimization. For a quadratic function
the minimum of is obtained when the gradient is 0:
.
Whereas linear conjugate gradient seeks a solution to the linear equation
, the nonlinear conjugate gradient method is generally
used to find the local minimum of a nonlinear function
using its gradient alone. It works when the function is approximately quadratic near the minimum, which is the case when the function is twice differentiable at the minimum and the second derivative is non-singular there.
Given a function of variables to minimize, its gradient indicates the direction of maximum increase.
One simply starts in the opposite (steepest descent) direction:
with an adjustable step length and performs a line search in this direction until it reaches the minimum of :
,
After this first iteration in the steepest direction , the following steps constitute one iteration of moving along a subsequent conjugate direction , where :
Calculate the steepest direction: ,
Compute according to one of the formulas below,
Update the conjugate direction:
Perform a line search: optimize ,
Update the position: ,
With a pure quadratic function the minimum is reached within N iterations (excepting roundoff error), but a non-quadratic function will make slower progress. Subsequent search directions lose conjugacy requiring the search direction to b |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegard%27s%20law | In crystallography, materials science and metallurgy, Vegard's law is an empirical finding (heuristic approach) resembling the rule of mixtures. In 1921, Lars Vegard discovered that the lattice parameter of a solid solution of two constituents is approximately a weighted mean of the two constituents' lattice parameters at the same temperature:
e.g., in the case of a mixed oxide of uranium and plutonium as used in the fabrication of MOX nuclear fuel:
Vegard's law assumes that both components A and B in their pure form (i.e. before mixing) have the same crystal structure. Here, is the lattice parameter of the solid solution, and are the lattice parameters of the pure constituents, and is the molar fraction of B in the solid solution.
Vegard's law is seldom perfectly obeyed; often deviations from the linear behavior are observed. A detailed study of such deviations was conducted by King. However, it is often used in practice to obtain rough estimates when experimental data are not available for the lattice parameter for the system of interest.
For systems known to approximately obey Vegard's law, the approximation may also be used to estimate the composition of a solution from knowledge of its lattice parameters, which are easily obtained from diffraction data. For example, consider the semiconductor compound . A relation exists between the constituent elements and their associated lattice parameters, , such that:
When variations in lattice parameter are very small acro |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blaney%E2%80%93Criddle%20equation | The Blaney–Criddle equation (named after H. F. Blaney and W. D. Criddle) is a method for estimating reference crop evapotranspiration.
Usage
The Blaney–Criddle equation is a relatively simplistic method for calculating evapotranspiration. When sufficient meteorological data is available the Penman–Monteith equation is usually preferred. However, the Blaney–Criddle equation is ideal when only air-temperature datasets are available for a site.
Given the coarse accuracy of the Blaney–Criddle equation, it is recommended that it be used to calculate evapotranspiration for periods of one month or greater.
The equation calculates evapotranspiration for a 'reference crop', which is taken as actively growing green grass of 8–15 cm height.
Equation
ETo = p ·(0.457·Tmean + 8.128)
Where:
ETo is the reference evapotranspiration [mm day−1] (monthly)
Tmean is the mean daily temperature [°C] given as Tmean = (Tmax + Tmin )/ 2
p is the mean daily percentage of annual daytime hours.
Accuracy and bias
Given the limited data input to the equation, the calculated evapotranspiration should be regarded as only broadly accurate. Rather than a precise measure of evapotranspiration, the output of the equation is better thought of as providing an order of magnitude.
The inaccuracy of the equation is exacerbated by extreme variants of weather. In particular evapotranspiration is known to be exaggerated by up to 40% in calm, humid, clouded areas and depreciated by 60% in windy, dry, sunny |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordling | Nordling is a Swedish surname.
Geographical distribution
As of 2014, 45.0% of all known bearers of the surname Nordling were residents of Sweden (frequency 1:8,199), 32.1% of the United States (1:421,039), 16.5% of Finland (1:12,464), 1.6% of Denmark (1:131,268), 1.6% of Norway (1:119,589) and 1.3% of Australia (1:660,385).
In Sweden, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:8,199) in the following counties:
1. Västernorrland County (1:2,440)
2. Värmland County (1:2,983)
3. Uppsala County (1:3,463)
4. Gotland County (1:4,177)
5. Gävleborg County (1:5,284)
6. Södermanland County (1:5,584)
7. Stockholm County (1:6,989)
8. Dalarna County (1:7,995)
9. Blekinge County (1:8,102)
10. Örebro County (1:8,149)
In Finland, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:12,464) in the following regions:
1. Ostrobothnia (1:2,594)
2. Åland (1:3,229)
3. Satakunta (1:3,812)
4. Southwest Finland (1:6,012)
5. Uusimaa (1:8,890)
People
Carl O. Nordling (1919–2007), Finland-Swedish architect and statistician
Carl Nordling, former chairman of the Nobel Committee for Physics
Frans Hjalmar Nordling (1890–1931), Fennicized as Nortamo, Finnish writer and doctor
Jeffrey Nordling (b. 1962), American actor
Raoul Nordling, Swedish consul general in Paris during World War II
Alan Nordling, MLA for Yukon Territory from Porter Creek South
References
Swedish-language surnames |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge%20Semiconductor%20Limited | Cambridge Semiconductor Limited (CamSemi) is a fabless semiconductor business based in Cambridge, England that was acquired by US-based competitor Power Integrations Inc., in January 2015.
The company specializes in power management integrated circuits and was spun out of Cambridge University in August 2000 with seed investment from the Cambridge University Challenge Fund, as a commercial venture arising out of the research conducted by Professors Gehan Amarantunga and Florin Udrea at the Cambridge University Engineering Department.
CamSemi is developing a range of new ICs for use in power conversion products such as mains power supplies and lighting. The company’s products are enabling power supply manufacturers to develop low cost products that comply with Energy Star, the European code of conduct and related energy-efficiency regulations. All CamSemi products are based on a proprietary portfolio of technologies and topologies including advanced control architectures, RDFC and PowerBrane.
The company’s venture capital investors included DFJ Esprit, Scottish Equity Partners and cleantech investors The Carbon Trust and NES Partners.
Launched products
C2470 mixed signal controllers and RDFC (Resonant Discontinuous Forward Converter) topology for switched-mode power supplies (SMPS)
C2140, C2150, C2183 and C2283 primary side sensing (PSS) flyback controllers for SMPS
C2160 and C2170 PSS flyback controller families targeting 5 star-rated mobile phone chargers with <30 mW no- |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benny%20Brown | Benny Brown (Benjamin Gene Brown; born September 27, 1953 San Francisco, California – February 1, 1996 Ontario, California) was an Olympic gold-medal winner in the 1976 4x400 Men's Relay running the second leg. He teamed with Herman Frazier, Fred Newhouse and Maxie Parks.
Previously he had finished in 6th place at 440 yards in a very tight finish at the 1971 CIF California State Meet while running for the now closed Sunnyvale High School (California). Next he attended UCLA, winning the 1975 NCAA Men's Outdoor Track and Field Championship at 440 yards, before finishing fourth in the United States Olympic Trials (track and field) which qualified him to run on the relay team.
In 1979 Brown competed for the Athletes In Action under coach Maxie Parks winning the Meet of Champions.
June 1992 Benny Brown at age 38, competed in the Masters So Cal Track and Field Championship winning the M35 100 & 200 meter dash.
He died in an automobile accident at the age of 42. He had continued to be an active participant in the U. S. Corporate Games while working for Hughes Aircraft Company.
He was a part-time coach for Cal State Fullerton's track team.
References
External links
Ben Brown Invitational 1990s to Present
Ben Brown Invitational Meet Records as of end of 2015
Daily Bruin, Community mourns loss of former UCLA track star
LA Times, Feb 1996 Olympian Benny Brown Dies
1953 births
1996 deaths
American male sprinters
Athletes (track and field) at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Olympi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion%20Monte%20Carlo | Diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) or diffusion quantum Monte Carlo is a quantum Monte Carlo method that uses a Green's function to solve the Schrödinger equation. DMC is potentially numerically exact, meaning that it can find the exact ground state energy within a given error for any quantum system. When actually attempting the calculation, one finds that for bosons, the algorithm scales as a polynomial with the system size, but for fermions, DMC scales exponentially with the system size. This makes exact large-scale DMC simulations for fermions impossible; however, DMC employing a clever approximation known as the fixed-node approximation can still yield very accurate results.
The projector method
To motivate the algorithm, let's look at the Schrödinger equation for a particle in some potential in one dimension:
We can condense the notation a bit by writing it in terms of an operator equation, with
.
So then we have
where we have to keep in mind that is an operator, not a simple number or function. There are special functions, called eigenfunctions, for which , where is a number. These functions are special because no matter where we evaluate the action of the operator on the wave function, we always get the same number . These functions are called stationary states, because the time derivative at any point is always the same, so the amplitude of the wave function never changes in time. Since the overall phase of a wave function is not measurable, the system does |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reptation%20Monte%20Carlo | Reptation Monte Carlo is a quantum Monte Carlo method.
It is similar to Diffusion Monte Carlo, except that it works with paths rather than points. This has some advantages relating to calculating certain properties of the system under study that diffusion Monte Carlo has difficulty with.
In both diffusion Monte Carlo and reptation Monte Carlo, the method first aims to solve the time-dependent Schrödinger equation in the imaginary time direction. When you propagate the Schrödinger equation in time, you get the dynamics of the system under study. When you propagate it in imaginary time, you get a system that tends towards the ground state of the system.
When substituting in place of , the Schrodinger equation becomes identical with a diffusion equation. Diffusion equations can be solved by imagining a huge population of particles (sometimes called "walkers"), each diffusing in a way that solves the original equation. This is how diffusion Monte Carlo works.
Reptation Monte Carlo works in a very similar way, but is focused on the paths that the walkers take, rather than the density of walkers.
In particular, a path may be mutated using a Metropolis algorithm which tries a change (normally at one end of the path) and then accepts or rejects the change based on a probability calculation.
The update step in diffusion Monte Carlo would be moving the walkers slightly, and then duplicating and removing some of them. By contrast, the update step in reptation Monte Carlo mutates |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian%20Evans%20%28footballer%29 | Ian Evans (born 30 January 1952) is a Welsh former professional footballer and Wales international.
Career
His first club was Queens Park Rangers and in September 1974 joined Crystal Palace, where he quickly became a firm favourite with the club's supporters. In October 1977 he sustained an injury in a tackle by George Best, playing for Fulham, which kept him out for over two years. In his time at Palace he played 163 games, scoring 16 goals and was capped 13 times for Wales.
Other clubs included Barnsley, Exeter City and Cambridge United in a defensive role.
After a 5-year spell as assistant manager to Steve Coppell at Crystal Palace he became manager of Swansea City from March 1989 to March 1990. Evans went on to be assistant coach to Mick McCarthy with the Republic of Ireland and helped McCarthy get the team to the 2002 World Cup finals in Japan and Korea. He subsequently worked as McCarthy's assistant coach at Sunderland and Wolves. After his role as assistant manager at Wolves he then became part of the scouting network at Wolves, departing on 2 November 2012, one day after McCarthy accepted the manager position at Ipswich Town.
References
External links
Wolves backroom
1952 births
Wales men's international footballers
Wales men's under-23 international footballers
Welsh men's footballers
Welsh football managers
English Football League players
Swansea City A.F.C. managers
Queens Park Rangers F.C. players
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Barnsley F.C. players
Exeter |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007%20in%20Japanese%20football | Japanese football in 2007
J.League Division 1
J.League Division 2
Japan Football League
Japanese Regional Leagues
Emperor's Cup
J.League Cup
National team (Men)
Results
Players statistics
National team (Women)
Results
Players statistics
External links
Seasons in Japanese football |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20in%20Japanese%20football | Japanese football in 2006
J.League Division 1
J.League Division 2
Japan Football League
Japanese Regional Leagues
Emperor's Cup
J.League Cup
National team (Men)
Results
Players statistics
National team (Women)
Results
Players statistics
External links
Seasons in Japanese football |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005%20in%20Japanese%20football | Japanese football in 2005
J.League Division 1
J.League Division 2
Japan Football League
Japanese Regional Leagues
Emperor's Cup
J.League Cup
National team (Men)
Results
Players statistics
National team (Women)
Results
Players statistics
External links
Seasons in Japanese football |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004%20in%20Japanese%20football | Japanese football in 2004
J.League Division 1
J.League Division 2
Japan Football League
Japanese Regional Leagues
Emperor's Cup
J.League Cup
National team (Men)
Results
Players statistics
National team (Women)
Results
Players statistics
External links
Seasons in Japanese football |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminoquinoline | Aminoquinolines are derivatives of quinoline, most notable for their roles as antimalarial drugs. Depending upon the location of the amino group, they can be divided into:
4-Aminoquinoline
8-Aminoquinoline |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20Baur | Gene Baur (born July 24, 1962), formerly known as Gene Bauston, is an author and activist in the animal rights and food movement. He’s been called the "conscience of the food movement" by Time magazine, and opposes factory farming and advocates for what he believes would be a more just and respectful food system. Baur is president and co-founder of Farm Sanctuary, a farm animal protection organization. He is vegan and has been involved with animal rights since he co-founded Farm Sanctuary in 1986. Baur has authored two books and various articles.
Early life and education
Baur was born in Los Angeles and grew up in Hollywood, California, the oldest of six siblings. He went to Loyola High School. He attended Cal State Northridge where he obtained a bachelor's degree in sociology. He paid for college, in part, by doing background work in television and movies which included commercials for McDonald's and KFC.
To better understand agribusiness and its mindset, Baur obtained a master's degree in agricultural economics from Cornell University.
Animal rights work
Farm Sanctuary
In the 1980s, after traveling around the United States and learning about agriculture, Baur began investigations into factory farms, stockyards, and slaughterhouses. He believed the conditions he observed were unacceptable, and these experiences helped motivate the creation of Farm Sanctuary, which created the sanctuary movement in North America.
Farm Sanctuary's first rescued animal was a downed (i |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibonacci%20search%20technique | In computer science, the Fibonacci search technique is a method of searching a sorted array using a divide and conquer algorithm that narrows down possible locations with the aid of Fibonacci numbers. Compared to binary search where the sorted array is divided into two equal-sized parts, one of which is examined further, Fibonacci search divides the array into two parts that have sizes that are consecutive Fibonacci numbers. On average, this leads to about 4% more comparisons to be executed, but it has the advantage that one only needs addition and subtraction to calculate the indices of the accessed array elements, while classical binary search needs bit-shift (see Bitwise operation), division or multiplication, operations that were less common at the time Fibonacci search was first published. Fibonacci search has an average- and worst-case complexity of O(log n) (see Big O notation).
The Fibonacci sequence has the property that a number is the sum of its two predecessors. Therefore the sequence can be computed by repeated addition. The ratio of two consecutive numbers approaches the Golden ratio, 1.618... Binary search works by dividing the seek area in equal parts (1:1). Fibonacci search can divide it into parts approaching 1:1.618 while using the simpler operations.
If the elements being searched have non-uniform access memory storage (i. e., the time needed to access a storage location varies depending on the location accessed), the Fibonacci search may have the advant |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U42 | U42 or U-42 may refer to:
, various vessels
Great ditrigonal dodecicosidodecahedron
, a sloop of the Royal Navy
Small nucleolar RNA SNORD42
South Valley Regional Airport, serving Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
U42, a line of the Dortmund Stadtbahn |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypsometric%20equation | The hypsometric equation, also known as the thickness equation, relates an atmospheric pressure ratio to the equivalent thickness of an atmospheric layer considering the layer mean of virtual temperature, gravity, and occasionally wind. It is derived from the hydrostatic equation and the ideal gas law.
Formulation
The hypsometric equation is expressed as:
where:
= thickness of the layer [m],
= geometric height [m],
= specific gas constant for dry air,
= mean virtual temperature in Kelvin [K],
= gravitational acceleration [m/s2],
= pressure [Pa].
In meteorology, and are isobaric surfaces. In radiosonde observation, the hypsometric equation can be used to compute the height of a pressure level given the height of a reference pressure level and the mean virtual temperature in between. Then, the newly computed height can be used as a new reference level to compute the height of the next level given the mean virtual temperature in between, and so on.
Derivation
The hydrostatic equation:
where is the density [kg/m3], is used to generate the equation for hydrostatic equilibrium, written in differential form:
This is combined with the ideal gas law:
to eliminate :
This is integrated from to :
R and g are constant with z, so they can be brought outside the integral.
If temperature varies linearly with z (e.g., given a small change in z),
it can also be brought outside the integral when replaced with , the average virtual temperature between and .
Integratio |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type%20I%20topoisomerase | In molecular biology Type I topoisomerases are enzymes that cut one of the two strands of double-stranded DNA, relax the strand, and reanneal the strand. They are further subdivided into two structurally and mechanistically distinct topoisomerases: type IA and type IB.
Type IA topoisomerases change the linking number of a circular DNA strand by units of strictly 1.
Type IB topoisomerases change the linking number by multiples of 1 (n).
Historically, type IA topoisomerases are referred to as prokaryotic topo I, while type IB topoisomerases are referred to as eukaryotic topoisomerase. This distinction, however, no longer applies as type IA and type IB topoisomerases exist in all domains of life.
Functionally, these subclasses perform very specialized functions. Prokaryotic topoisomerase I (topo IA) can only relax negative supercoiled DNA, whereas eukaryotic topoisomerase I (topo IB) can introduce positive supercoils, separating the DNA of daughter chromosomes after DNA replication, and relax DNA.
Function
These enzymes have several functions: to remove DNA supercoils during transcription and DNA replication; for strand breakage during recombination; for chromosome condensation; and to disentangle intertwined DNA during mitosis.
Structure
This domain assumes a beta(2)-alpha-beta-alpha-beta(2) fold, with a left-handed crossover between strands beta2 and beta3. It has a four criss-crossed beta-strands surrounded by four alpha-helices that are arranged in a Rossmann fold |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type%20II%20topoisomerase | Type II topoisomerases are topoisomerases that cut both strands of the DNA helix simultaneously in order to manage DNA tangles and supercoils. They use the hydrolysis of ATP, unlike Type I topoisomerase. In this process, these enzymes change the linking number of circular DNA by ±2. Topoisomerases are ubiquitous enzymes, found in all living organisms.
In animals, topoisomerase II is a chemotherapy target. In prokaryotes, gyrase is an antibacterial target. Indeed, these enzymes are of interest for a wide range of effects.
Function
Type II topoisomerases increase or decrease the linking number of a DNA loop by 2 units, and it promotes chromosome disentanglement. For example, DNA gyrase, a type II topoisomerase observed in E. coli and most other prokaryotes, introduces negative supercoils and decreases the linking number by 2. Gyrase is also able to remove knots from the bacterial chromosome. Along with gyrase, most prokaryotes also contain a second type IIA topoisomerase, termed topoisomerase IV. Gyrase and topoisomerase IV differ by their C-terminal domains, which is believed to dictate substrate specificity and functionality for these two enzymes. Footprinting indicates that gyrase, which forms a 140-base-pair footprint and wraps DNA, introduces negative supercoils, while topoisomerase IV, which forms a 28-base-pair footprint, does not wrap DNA.
Eukaryotic type II topoisomerase cannot introduce supercoils; it can only relax them.
The roles of type IIB topoisomerases are l |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD2 | CD2 (cluster of differentiation 2) is a cell adhesion molecule found on the surface of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells.
It has also been called T-cell surface antigen T11/Leu-5, LFA-2, LFA-3 receptor, erythrocyte receptor and rosette receptor.
Function
It interacts with other adhesion molecules, such as lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 (LFA-3/CD58) in humans, or CD48 in rodents, which are expressed on the surfaces of other cells.
In addition to its adhesive properties, CD2 also acts as a co-stimulatory molecule on T and NK cells.
Diagnostic relevance
CD2 is a specific marker for T cells and NK cells, and can therefore be used in immunohistochemistry to identify the presence of such cells in tissue sections. The great majority of T cell lymphomas and leukaemias also express CD2, making it possible to use the presence of the antigen to distinguish these conditions from B cell neoplasms.
Classification
Due to its structural characteristics, CD2 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily; it possesses two immunoglobulin-like domains in its extracellular portion.
Interactions
CD2 has been shown to interact with CD2BP2, Lck and PSTPIP1.
References
Further reading
External links
Mouse CD Antigen Chart
Human CD Antigen Chart
Clusters of differentiation |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventral%20posterior%20nucleus | The ventral posterior nucleus is the somato-sensory relay nucleus in thalamus of the brain.
Input and output
The ventral posterior nucleus receives neuronal input from the medial lemniscus, spinothalamic tracts, and trigeminothalamic tract. It projects to the somatosensory cortex and the ascending reticuloactivation system.
Subdivisions
The ventral posterior nucleus is divided into:
Ventral posterolateral nucleus, which receives sensory information from the body via the medial lemniscus, and spinothalamic tracts.
Ventral posteromedial nucleus, which receives sensory information from the head and face via the trigeminal nerve.
Ventral intermediate nucleus, implicated in oscillatory tremor generation in Parkinson's disease and essential tremor.
Function
The ventral posterior nucleus has, by virtue of its afferent and efferent pathways, crucial relay and regulatory roles in touch, body position, pain, temperature, itch, taste, and arousal. Additionally, the VPN—and particularly the ventral intermediate nucleus of the VPN—have been implicated in the pathophysiology and modulation of oscillatory tremors as found in Parkinson's disease and essential tremor; accordingly, it is a target of deep brain stimulation in the treatment of such pathologies.
Additional images
References
Thalamus |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killer-cell%20immunoglobulin-like%20receptor | Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), are a family of type I transmembrane glycoproteins expressed on the plasma membrane of natural killer (NK) cells and a minority of T cells. At least 15 genes and 2 pseudogenes encoding KIR map in a 150-kb region of the leukocyte receptor complex (LRC) on human chromosome 19q13.4.
They regulate the killing function of these cells by interacting with major histocompatibility (MHC) class I molecules, which are expressed on all nucleated cell types. KIR receptors can distinguish between MHC I allelic variants, which allows them to detect virally infected cells or transformed cells. KIRs are paired receptors with both activating and inhibitory functions; most KIRs are inhibitory: their recognition of MHC molecules suppresses the cytotoxic activity of their NK cell.
A limited number of KIRs are activating: their recognition of MHC molecules activates the cytotoxic activity of their cell. Initial expression of KIRs on NK cells is stochastic, but NK cells undergo an educational process as they mature that alters the KIR expression to maximize the balance between effective defense and self-tolerance. KIR's role in killing unhealthy self-cells and not killing healthy self-cells, involves them in protection against and propensity to viral infection, autoimmune disease, and cancer. KIR molecules are polymorphic: their gene sequences differ greatly across individuals. They are also polygenic so that it is rare for two unrelated indi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/845%20%28vacuum%20tube%29 | The 845 power triode is a radio transmitting vacuum tube which can also be used as an audio amplifier and modulation tube. Typically, the plate is machined from solid graphite in order to accommodate high power dissipation (up to 100 watts) and voltage. Some current production 845 tubes have metal plates.
The 845 tube has a bayonet mount and thoriated filaments which glow like lightbulbs when powered up. The glass envelope is about 2-5/16" in diameter and 6 inches tall, with the a total tube height of about 7-7/8 inches. It was first released by RCA in 1931. It saw extensive use in RCA AM radio transmitters
External links
845 @ The National Valve Museum
KRLA Broadcast History
Vacuum tubes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory%20specimen | In medicine, a laboratory specimen is a biological specimen of a medical patient's tissue, fluids, or other material used for laboratory analysis to assist in differential diagnosis or staging of a disease process. These specimens are often the most reliable method of diagnosis, depending on the ailment. For example, breast cancer biopsies, performed on laboratory specimens of breast tissue, yield just a 2% rate of incorrect diagnosis.
Need
General areas for cellular tissue extraction include:
Bone marrow aspiration
Cardiac
Core
Endometrial biopsy
Endoscopic biopsy
Excisional and incisional
Fine-needle aspiration
Lymph node
Preparation
For a given medical process, a certain volume of specimen must be taken from the patient. Some specimen types also require special treatment, such as immediate mixture with an additive, or storage at a certain temperature. After extraction, all specimen containers are required to be labeled with at least two of the following identifiers (at the time of collection): patient's name, date of birth, hospital number, test request form number, accession number, or unique random number. Afterwards, all specimens should be labeled with the patient present. This ensures that no false results are procured from mislabeled samples.
Storage & Use
Specimen temperatures are controlled for their specific use. Several common temperatures for storage are listed below.
Any specimen sample should only be used for testing, as any sharing of pat |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1910%20FA%20Cup%20final | The 1910 FA Cup final was the 39th FA Cup final. It was contested by Barnsley and Newcastle United. It took two matches to determine a winner. The first took place at Crystal Palace in south London on 23 April 1910 and the second on 28 April at Goodison Park in Liverpool.
Road to the Final
Match summary
The match was a hard fought affair, the Manchester Guardian commenting that Barnsley played "one man for the man, another for the ball".
Barnsley had the better of the play through the first half. Barnsley played a simple game based on long, low passes into space combined with dribbling individual runs which Newcastle found difficult to counter. Barnsley scored 10 minutes before half time. Bartrop picked up a pass from the Barnsley backs and ran up the pitch, passed McWilliam and kicked the ball across the Newcastle goal mouth. Lillycrop rushing forward tried to score, but missed the ball. It appeared Barnsley had missed their chance, but Tufnell, the left inside forward, managed to get a toe to the ball and put it in the net. After half time Barnsley sat back and defended but it was not until the final 15 minutes that Newcastle were able to mount an effective attack. They abandoned what the Guardian correspondent characterised as their "clever" football and took on Barnsley by running at them. Shepherd had a goal disallowed apparently for offside.
Rutherford eventually scored for Newcastle with a header 8 minutes before full-time. Veitch led more attacks but the Barnsley b |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20Palace%20Bowl | The Crystal Palace Park Concert Platform, formerly the Crystal Palace Bowl, is an outdoor stage and performance venue in Crystal Palace Park in the London Borough of Bromley.
History
The Crystal Palace Bowl was constructed in 1961. It originally hosted classical concerts, before moving to popular music through the 1970s and 1980s.
Pink Floyd performed at the Bowl on 15 May 1971 to a crowd of 15,000, though their performance was marred by heavy rain. Yes performed at the venue on 31 July. At one event in 1972, The Who drummer Keith Moon acted as compere; after arriving via helicopter and reaching the stage by hovercraft, he proceeded to take a rowing boat on the lake and, while dressed as a pirate, served tea and cake to people in the crowd closest to the waters edge. Audience members, again went into the lake in 1974 when inflatable dinosaurs meant to act out, on the water, the climactic battle in Rick Wakeman's Journey to the Centre of the Earth, instead failed to fully inflate and became stuck in front of the stage, blocking the view. Bob Marley performed his largest and last ever concert in London at the venue on 7 June 1980, an event which is commemorated on the site with a blue plaque with Ethiopian/pan-African/Rastafari tri-colours. It was Marley's last UK concert, and the first one where he played "Redemption Song" accompanying himself on acoustic guitar.
The Bowl fell into disrepair and was replaced in 1997 by the Crystal Palace Concert Platform, an oxidised steel |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ata%C3%A7%20%C4%B0mamo%C4%9Flu | Ataç İmamoğlu (born August 12, 1964) is a Turkish-Swiss physicist working on quantum optics and quantum computation. His academic interests are quantum optics, semiconductor physics, and nonlinear optics.
Education
İmamoğlu graduated from TED Ankara College in 1981. He received his BSc in electrical engineering at the Middle East Technical University, and his Ph.D. from Stanford for his work on Electromagnetically Induced Transparency and Lasers without Inversion. He did post-doctoral work on atomic and molecular physics at Harvard.
Career
In 1993, he joined the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of University of California, Santa Barbara. In 1999, he became a professor of electrical engineering and physics. In 2001 he moved to the University of Stuttgart in Germany. Since 2002, he has been working at ETHZ (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology), Switzerland, where he is heading the research group on Quantum Photonics.
His group at ETHZ investigates quantum optics of solid-state zero-dimensional emitters, such as quantum dots or defects, embedded in photonic nano-structures. They are particularly interested in understanding physical properties that distinguish these solid-state systems from their atomic counterparts. Controlling quantum dynamics of quantum dot spins for applications in quantum information processing is one of their principal goals. As of February 2009, he had received ~8600 citations according to the Web of Science.
Awards and honors
He receiv |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blind%20equalization | Blind equalization is a digital signal processing technique in which the transmitted signal is inferred (equalized) from the received signal, while making use only of the transmitted signal statistics. Hence, the use of the word blind in the name.
Blind equalization is essentially blind deconvolution applied to digital communications. Nonetheless, the emphasis in blind equalization is on online estimation of the equalization filter, which is the inverse of the channel impulse response, rather than the estimation of the channel impulse response itself. This is due to blind deconvolution common mode of usage in digital communications systems, as a means to extract the continuously transmitted signal from the received signal, with the channel impulse response being of secondary intrinsic importance.
The estimated equalizer is then convolved with the received signal to yield an estimation of the transmitted signal.
Problem statement
Noiseless model
Assuming a linear time invariant channel with impulse response , the noiseless model relates the received signal to the transmitted signal via
The blind equalization problem can now be formulated as follows; Given the received signal , find a filter , called an equalization filter, such that
where is an estimation of .
The solution to the blind equalization problem is not unique. In fact, it may be determined only up to a signed scale factor and an arbitrary time delay. That is, if are estimates of the transmitted signal an |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yevgeny%20Zavoisky | Yevgeny Konstantinovich Zavoisky (; September 28, 1907 – October 9, 1976) was a Soviet physicist known for discovery of electron paramagnetic resonance in 1944. He likely observed nuclear magnetic resonance in 1941, well before Felix Bloch and Edward Mills Purcell, but dismissed the results as not reproducible. Zavoisky is also credited with design of luminescence camera for detection of nuclear processes in 1952 and discovery of magneto-acoustic resonance in plasma in 1958.
Early years
Zavoisky was born in 1907 in Mohyliv-Podilskyi, a town in the south of Russian Empire (now in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine). His father Konstantin Ivanovich was a military doctor and mother Elizaveta Nikolaevna was trained as a teacher. In 1910, Zavoisky family moved to Kazan – a major Russian university city – for the sake of better education and well-being of their five children. There, Konstantin Ivanovich obtained a respectable job and a large apartment, which he equipped with equipment and books for home experiments with his children. Yevgeny, in particular, was keen to electromagnetism.
The October Revolution of 1917 brought difficult times. Konstantin Ivanovich died in 1919 from exhaustion, and the family moved to a small rural town to survive the hunger period. They returned to Kazan in 1925. In 1926, Yevgeny entered the faculty of physics at Kazan University. By that time, he was already an experienced amateur engineer who had assembled his own radio receivers and had numerous ideas of |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell%20mobility | Cell mobility generally refers to motility, but may also refer to other ways of activation, such as cell differentiation and cell proliferation. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Tijdeman | Robert Tijdeman (born 30 July 1943 in Oostzaan, North Holland) is a Dutch mathematician. Specializing in number theory, he is best known for his Tijdeman's theorem. He is a professor of mathematics at the Leiden University since 1975, and was chairman of the department of mathematics and computer science at Leiden from 1991 to 1993. He was also president of the Dutch Mathematical Society from 1984 to 1986.
Tijdeman received his PhD in 1969 from the University of Amsterdam, and received an honorary doctorate from Kossuth Lajos University in 1999. In 1987 he was elected to the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.
References
External links
Tijdeman's web site at Leiden.
1943 births
Living people
People from Oostzaan
20th-century Dutch mathematicians
21st-century Dutch mathematicians
Number theorists
Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
Academic staff of Leiden University
University of Amsterdam alumni |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cockburn%20Scale | The Cockburn Scale, also known as the Project Classification Scale, is a method of describing how much formal process a software project requires. The scale was described in Alistair Cockburn's book Agile Software Development. According to the author, the scale can be applied to other types of project, not only those that employ Agile methodologies.
Definition
The Cockburn Scale categorizes projects according to "criticality" and "size".
Process criticality is defined as the worst probable effect of an unremedied defect:
Loss of Life (L)
Loss of Essential Money (E)
Loss of Discretionary Money (D)
Loss of Comfort (C)
Process size is defined as the size of the project's development staff. It is an open-ended scale, but the most commonly used values are 6, 20, 40, 100, and 200.
A project is described by a pair of criticality and size indicators: for example, a two-person, life-critical project is categorized as a L6, while a 50-person project that, if it fails, could jeopardize the profits of an organization but not the organization's continued existence is categorized as a D100.
Application of the Scale
The criticality and size of a project can be juxtaposed on a grid:
Project classes further from the bottom left corner of the table require a more formal process than project classes closer to the bottom left corner.
References
External links
Methodology per project - Alistair Cockburn's article in which he defines the scale that is now known as the Cockburn Sc |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnat%20%28disambiguation%29 | A gnat may be one of a variety of small insects.
Gnat or GNAT may also refer to:
GNAT, a Free Software compiler for the Ada programming language
Grand National Assembly of Turkey
Gnat (surname)
Gnat Computers, an early microcomputer company
GNAT (torpedo), the Allied term for the German G7es homing torpedo
Folland Gnat, a light jet fighter/trainer aircraft
GNAT-750, an unmanned aerial vehicle
"Gnat" (song), by Eminem from the 2020 album Music to Be Murdered By: Side B
See also
Gnats (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal%20fiber | Animal fibers are natural fibers that consist largely of certain proteins. Examples include silk, hair/fur (including wool) and feathers. The animal fibers used most commonly both in the manufacturing world as well as by the hand spinners are wool from domestic sheep and silk. Also very popular are alpaca fiber and mohair from Angora goats. Unusual fibers such as Angora wool from rabbits and Chiengora from dogs also exist, but are rarely used for mass production.
Not all animal fibers have the same properties, and even within a species the fiber is not consistent. Merino is a very soft, fine wool, while Cotswold is coarser, and yet both Merino and Cotswold are types of sheep. This comparison can be continued on the microscopic level, comparing the diameter and structure of the fiber. With animal fibers, and natural fibers in general, the individual fibers look different, whereas all synthetic fibers look the same. This provides an easy way to differentiate between natural and synthetic fibers under a microscope.
Silk
Silk is a "natural" protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The best-known type of silk is obtained from cocoons made by the larvae of the silkworm Bombyx mori reared in captivity. Rearing of silks is called sericulture. Degummed fibers from B. mori are 5-10 μm in diameter. The shimmering appearance for which silk is prized comes from the fibers' triangular prism-like cross-sectional structure which allows silk cloth to refract incomin |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup%20P%20%28mtDNA%29 | In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup P is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.
Origin
Haplogroup P is a descendant of Haplogroup R.
Distribution
Today, P is most commonly found in Oceania, especially in Papuans, Melanesians, indigenous Australians, It's 1.4% in mainstream Filipinos but 1.13% in Luzon, 1.78% in Visayas, 1.43% in Mindanao. It is much higher in Sub-Filipinos groups, 6.67% in Bugkalot and 11.2% in Maranao. It was found in the Philippines Negrito Aeta of Bataan at 40%. It is also found in the Malaysians at 0.9%, including Indonesians.
Subclades
Tree
This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup P subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation and subsequent published research.
P
(16176)
P1
P1d
P1d1
P2'10
P2
P10
P8
P3
P3a
P3b
P3b1
P4
P4a
P4a1
P4b
P4b1
P5
P6
P7
P9
See also
Genealogical DNA test
Genetic genealogy
Human mitochondrial genetics
Population genetics
References
External links
General
Ian Logan's Mitochondrial DNA Site
Mannis van Oven's Phylotree
Haplogroup P
Expanding Southwest Pacific Mitochondrial Haplogroups P and Q
P |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTAS%20reduction | In computational complexity theory, a PTAS reduction is an approximation-preserving reduction that is often used to perform reductions between solutions to optimization problems. It preserves the property that a problem has a polynomial time approximation scheme (PTAS) and is used to define completeness for certain classes of optimization problems such as APX. Notationally, if there is a PTAS reduction from a problem A to a problem B, we write .
With ordinary polynomial-time many-one reductions, if we can describe a reduction from a problem A to a problem B, then any polynomial-time solution for B can be composed with that reduction to obtain a polynomial-time solution for the problem A. Similarly, our goal in defining PTAS reductions is so that given a PTAS reduction from an optimization problem A to a problem B, a PTAS for B can be composed with the reduction to obtain a PTAS for the problem A.
Definition
Formally, we define a PTAS reduction from A to B using three polynomial-time computable functions, f, g, and α, with the following properties:
f maps instances of problem A to instances of problem B.
g takes an instance x of problem A, an approximate solution to the corresponding problem in B, and an error parameter ε and produces an approximate solution to x.
α maps error parameters for solutions to instances of problem A to error parameters for solutions to problem B.
If the solution y to (an instance of problem B) is at most times worse than the optimal soluti |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA%20adduct | In molecular genetics, a DNA adduct is a segment of DNA bound to a cancer-causing chemical. This process could lead to the development of cancerous cells, or carcinogenesis. DNA adducts in scientific experiments are used as biomarkers of exposure. They are especially useful in quantifying an organism's exposure to a carcinogen. The presence of such an adduct indicates prior exposure to a potential carcinogen, but it does not necessarily indicate the presence of cancer in the subject animal.
DNA adducts are researched in laboratory settings. A typical experimental design for studying DNA adducts is to induce them with known carcinogens. A scientific journal will often incorporate the name of the carcinogen with their experimental design. For example, the term "DMBA-DNA adduct" in a scientific journal refers to a piece of DNA that has DMBA (7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene) attached to it.
Carcinogens' impact
Several diseases, including cancer, develop from mutated DNA. These mutations are caused by carcinogens through external and internal factors. Carcinogens are chemical or physical agents that cause DNA damage, which may later develop into cancer. They can initiate mutagenesis in DNA by interfering with the replication process. These interactions typically cause chemical adducts to form in the cell. This allows for DNA adducts to serve as biomarkers of exposure to carcinogens from the environment. They are attractive biomarkers because they are stable, abundant, and easily |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic%20conservation | Genetic conservation may refer to:
Conserved sequences, DNA or protein sequences that are conserved over evolutionary time
Conservation genetics, the field of science concerned with maintaining genetic diversity |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha%20sheet | Alpha sheet (also known as alpha pleated sheet or polar pleated sheet) is an atypical secondary structure in proteins, first proposed by Linus Pauling and Robert Corey in 1951. The hydrogen bonding pattern in an alpha sheet is similar to that of a beta sheet, but the orientation of the carbonyl and amino groups in the peptide bond units is distinctive; in a single strand, all the carbonyl groups are oriented in the same direction on one side of the pleat, and all the amino groups are oriented in the same direction on the opposite side of the sheet. Thus the alpha sheet accumulates an inherent separation of electrostatic charge, with one edge of the sheet exposing negatively charged carbonyl groups and the opposite edge exposing positively charged amino groups. Unlike the alpha helix and beta sheet, the alpha sheet configuration does not require all component amino acid residues to lie within a single region of dihedral angles; instead, the alpha sheet contains residues of alternating dihedrals in the traditional right-handed (αR) and left-handed (αL) helical regions of Ramachandran space. Although the alpha sheet is only rarely observed in natural protein structures, it has been speculated to play a role in amyloid disease and it was found to be a stable form for amyloidogenic proteins in molecular dynamics simulations. Alpha sheets have also been observed in X-ray crystallography structures of designed peptides.
The regular formation of alpha-sheet by unfolded proteins ine |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrison%20Weir | Harrison William Weir (5 May 18243 January 1906), known as "The Father of the Cat Fancy", was a British artist.
He organised the first cat show in England, at the Crystal Palace, London, in July 1871. He and his brother, John Jenner Weir, both served as judges in the show. In 1887 Harrison Weir founded the National Cat Club and was its first President and Show Manager until his resignation in 1890.
History
Weir was born at Lewes, Sussex, on 5 May 1824. In 1866 Weir started working on his Victorian gothic home "Weirleigh", in the village of Matfield, Kent. Weirleigh was later bought by the Sassoon family and was the birthplace of Siegfried Sassoon in 1886. The house still stands today. After selling Weirleigh, Weir lived at Poplar Hall, Appledore, Kent, where he died on 3 January 1906.
Career
Weir was educated at Albany Academy, Camberwell, until 1837 when he became apprenticed to George Baxter, the colour-printer. Weir worked in every branch of Baxter's business, his main work being printing off the plates. From Baxter he learned to engrave and draw on wood and taught himself during his spare time to draw birds, mammals, and other subjects from nature. in 1842 Herbert Ingram founded The Illustrated London News and employed Weir as a draughtsman on wood and engraver from the first issue and for many years thereafter.
In 1845 Weir made a first exhibition consisting of an oil painting of a wild duck, "The Dead Shot", at the British Institution. During his career he was an |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error%20diffusion | Error diffusion is a type of halftoning in which the quantization residual is distributed to neighboring pixels that have not yet been processed. Its main use is to convert a multi-level image into a binary image, though it has other applications.
Unlike many other halftoning methods, error diffusion is classified as an area operation, because what the algorithm does at one location influences what happens at other locations. This means buffering is required, and complicates parallel processing. Point operations, such as ordered dither, do not have these complications.
Error diffusion has the tendency to enhance edges in an image. This can make text in images more readable than in other halftoning techniques.
Early history
Richard Howland Ranger received United States patent 1790723 for his invention, "Facsimile system". The patent, which issued in 1931, describes a system for transmitting images over telephone or telegraph lines, or by radio. Ranger's invention permitted continuous-tone photographs to be converted first into black and white, then transmitted to remote locations, which had a pen moving over a piece of paper. To render black, the pen was lowered to the paper; to produce white, the pen was raised. Shades of gray were rendered by intermittently raising and lowering the pen, depending upon the luminance of the gray desired.
Ranger's invention used capacitors to store charges, and vacuum tube comparators to determine when the present luminance, plus any accumu |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherulite%20%28polymer%20physics%29 | In polymer physics, spherulites (from Greek sphaira = ball and lithos = stone) are spherical semicrystalline regions inside non-branched linear polymers. Their formation is associated with crystallization of polymers from the melt and is controlled by several parameters such as the number of nucleation sites, structure of the polymer molecules, cooling rate, etc. Depending on those parameters, spherulite diameter may vary in a wide range from a few micrometers to millimeters. Spherulites are composed of highly ordered lamellae, which result in higher density, hardness, but also brittleness when compared to disordered regions in a polymer. The lamellae are connected by amorphous regions which provide elasticity and impact resistance. Alignment of the polymer molecules within the lamellae results in birefringence producing a variety of colored patterns, including a Maltese cross, when spherulites are viewed between crossed polarizers in an optical microscope.
Formation
If a molten linear polymer (such as polyethylene) is cooled down rapidly, then the orientation of its molecules, which are randomly aligned, curved and entangled remain frozen and the solid has disordered structure. However, upon slow cooling, some polymer chains take on a certain orderly configuration: they align themselves in plates called crystalline lamellae.
Growth from the melt would follow the temperature gradient (see figure). For example, if the gradient is directed normal to the direction of molecula |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20NVC%20community%20MG9 |
British NVC community MG9 (Holcus lanatus - Deschampsia cespitosa grasslands) is one of the mesotrophic grassland communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system. It is one of three communities associated with poorly drained permanent pastures.
It is a widespread community throughout the British lowlands. There are two subcommunities.
Community composition
The following constant species are found in this community:
Tufted Hair-grass (Deschampsia cespitosa ssp. cespitosa)
Yorkshire-fog (Holcus lanatus)
No rare species are associated with this community.
Distribution
This community is widespread in lowlands throughout Britain.
Subcommunities
There are two subcommunities:
the Poa trivialis subcommunity
the Arrhenatherum elatius subcommunity
References
Rodwell, J. S. (1992) British Plant Communities Volume 3 - Grasslands and montane communities (hardback), (paperback)
MG09 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20NVC%20community%20MG8 | British NVC community MG8 (Cynosurus cristatus - Caltha palustris grassland) is one of the mesotrophic grassland communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system. It is one of three communities associated with poorly drained permanent pastures.
It is a widespread but localised community of the British lowlands. There are no subcommunities.
Community composition
The following constant species are found in this community:
Sweet Vernal-grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum)
Marsh-marigold (Caltha palustris)
Common Mouse-ear (Cerastium fontanum)
Crested Dog's-tail (Cynosurus cristatus)
Red Fescue (Festuca rubra)
Yorkshire-fog (Holcus lanatus)
Autumn Hawkbit (Leontodon autumnalis)
Rough Meadow-grass (Poa trivialis)
Meadow Buttercup (Ranunculus acris)
Common Sorrel (Rumex acetosa)
White Clover (Trifolium repens)
No rare species are associated with this community.
Distribution
This community is widespread in the British lowlands, though rather localised.
References
Rodwell, J. S. (1992) British Plant Communities Volume 3 - Grasslands and montane communities (hardback), (paperback)
MG08 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteus%20%28watercraft%29 | Proteus is an experimental watercraft developed by Marine Advanced Robotics, Inc. (formerly Marine Advanced Research). It is the first vessel of the wave adaptive modular vessel-type (WAM-V). The vessel was developed by Ugo Conti. Because of its use of four legs connecting the superstructure to the outriggers, the ship has earned the nickname of "The Spider Ship" or "Spider Boat". The unusual design attracted public attention during early trials, before it even had a registration number.
Construction
Proteus is similar in design to a catamaran, in that it uses a twin hull design and no keel. Unlike most catamarans however, the superstructure is not rigidly attached to the hulls. The vessel uses titanium shock absorbers to travel with the waves in the ocean, rather than through them. This method should theoretically allow it to move faster through the water while burning less fuel, however sea trials are yet to be completed. Hogging and sagging should also be reduced as well.
The vessel is long, while its beam is allowing for relatively normal initial stability coefficient of 2:1. Its draft fluctuates more than a traditional ship, but at half load it is at the bow and at the stern. Because of the ship's limited draft and inflatable hulls it is able to be beached without damage. The ship's bridge, cargo hold and berthing for four are located in the cabin that hangs down from the four legs. The cabin can be lowered into the water below and can run under its own power. It |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20Classification | The European Classification (ECLA) is a former patent classification system maintained by the European Patent Office (EPO). The ECLA classification system contains 134 000 subdivisions. It was introduced mainly as an extension of the International Patent Classification system in 1970, but sometimes it modifies its titles and rules. ECLA is used in connection with the indexing system ICO, which serves to identify additional information and aspects that are not covered by the ECLA schemes. ECLA has been replaced by the Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC) as of 1 January 2013.
See also
Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC)
International Patent Classification (IPC)
Notes and references
External links
On the Espacenet web site:
European Classification (ECLA)
Coverage of IPC and ECLA classifications
Search the European classification
Patent classifications |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repeatome | The repeatome can be defined as the complement of repeated sequences in a genome. The eukaryotic repeatomes typically comprise variable amounts of multiple components including transposable elements (TEs) and endogenous viruses, simple sequence repeats, segmental duplications, ribosomal DNA and other ribozymes, multi-copy gene families, pseudogenes, as well as highly conserved and repeated protein domains.
Because of their relative high duplication rate as compared to other genomic components, TEs are typically predominant contributors to eukaryotic repeatomes and the product of their decay is thought to be a major source of genomic dark matter.
See also
Junk DNA
Noncoding DNA
References
DNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior%20compartment%20of%20thigh | The posterior compartment of the thigh is one of the fascial compartments that contains the knee flexors and hip extensors known as the hamstring muscles, as well as vascular and nervous elements, particularly the sciatic nerve.
Structure
The posterior compartment is a fascial compartment bounded by fascia. It is separated from the anterior compartment by two folds of deep fascia, known as the medial intermuscular septum and the lateral intermuscular septum.
The muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh are the:
biceps femoris muscle, which consists of a short head and a long head.
semitendinosus muscle
semimembranosus muscle
These muscles (or their tendons) apart from the short head of the biceps femoris, are commonly known as the hamstrings. The depression at the back of the knee, or kneepit is the popliteal fossa, colloquially called the ham. The tendons of the above muscles can be felt as prominent cords on both sides of the fossa—the biceps femoris tendon on the lateral side and the semimembranosus and semitendinosus tendons on the medial side. The hamstrings flex the knee, and aided by the gluteus maximus, they extend the hip during walking and running. The semitendinosus is named for its unusually long tendon. The semimembranosus is named for the flat shape of its superior attachment.
Innervation
The hamstrings are innervated by the sciatic nerve, specifically by a main branch of it: the tibial nerve. (The short head of the biceps femoris is innervated |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20NVC%20community%20SD2 | NVC community SD2 (Honkenya peploides - Cakile maritima strandline community) is one of two strandline community in the British National Vegetation Classification system.
It is a fairly widely distributed community. There are no subcommunities.
Community composition
Two constant species, Sea Rocket (Cakile maritima) and Sea Sandwort (Honkenya peploides), are found in this community.
One rare species, Ray's Knotgrass (Polygonum oxyspermum ssp. raii), is also associated with the community:
Distribution
This community is found in many localities in Scotland, on the east coast of England, in North Wales, the Isle of Man, and the Isles of Scilly.
References
Rodwell, J. S. (2000) British Plant Communities Volume 5 - Maritime communities and vegetation of open habitats (hardback), (paperback)
SD02 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20NVC%20community%20SD3 | NVC community SD3 (Matricaria maritima - Galium aparine strandline community) is one of two strandline community in the British National Vegetation Classification system.
It is a fairly localised community of northern Britain. There are no subcommunities.
Community composition
Two constant species, Cleavers (Galium aparine) and Sea Mayweed (Matricaria maritima), are found in this community.
Two rare species, Oysterplant (Mertensia maritima) and Ray's Knotgrass (Polygonum oxyspermum ssp. raii), are also associated with the community.
Distribution
This community is found in many localities in Scotland, principally on the west coast, and on the northwest coast of England.
References
Rodwell, J. S. (2000) British Plant Communities Volume 5 - Maritime communities and vegetation of open habitats (hardback), (paperback)
SD03 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock%20Salt%20%26%20Nails%20%28album%29 | Rock Salt & Nails is the debut album by Steve Young. It is a pioneering Country rock/Outlaw country album that was recorded in 1969, with guest musicians Gram Parsons, Gene Clark and James Burton.
Track listing
All tracks composed by Steve Young; except where indicated
"That's How Strong My Love Is" (Roosevelt Jamison)
"Rock Salt and Nails" (Utah Phillips)
"I'm a One-Woman Man" (Johnny Horton, Tillman Franks)
"Coyote" (Peter La Farge)
"Gonna Find Me a Bluebird" (Marvin Rainwater)
"Love in My Time"
"Seven Bridges Road"
"Kenny's Song" (Kenny Austin)
"Holler in the Swamp"
"Hoboin'" (Traditional; arranged by Steve Young)
"My Sweet Love Ain't Around" (Hank Williams)
Personnel
Steve Young – rhythm guitar, vocals
James Burton – dobro, guitar
Gram Parsons – organ, unverified guitar
Gene Clark – harmonica on "My Sweet Love Ain't Around", unverified guitar
David Jackson – bass
Chris Ethridge – bass
Richard Greene – fiddle
Meyer Sniffin – fiddle on "Rock Salt & Nails" and "I'm a One Woman Man"
Don Beck – guitar
Hal Blaine – drums
Bernie Leadon – unverified guitar
Production
Producer: Tommy LiPuma
Recording Engineer: Dick Bogert
Art Direction: Tom Wilkes
Photography (front cover): Barry Feinstein
Photography (back cover): Jim McCrary
Liner notes: Jim McCrary, Steve Young
Strings arranged by: Bob Thompson
Recorded at A&M Studios, Hollywood
Steve Young (musician) albums
1969 debut albums
Albums arranged by Bob Thompson (musician)
Albums produced by Tommy LiPuma
A&M R |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gofer%20%28programming%20language%29 | Gofer (Good for equational reasoning) is an implementation of the programming language Haskell intended for educational purposes and supporting a language based on version 1.2 of the Haskell report. It was replaced by Hugs.
Its syntax is closer to the earlier commercial language Miranda than the subsequently standardized Haskell. It lacks some of the features of Haskell (such as the deriving clause in data type definitions) but includes a number of features which were not adopted by Haskell (although some were later incorporated into GHC, such as generalizing the list comprehension syntax to support any monad, which is now available using the MonadComprehensions extension).
References
External links
Mark Jones' Gofer Archive – for x86 PC
Gavin Wraith's RISC OS page – for RISC OS
Declarative programming languages
Educational programming languages
Free Haskell implementations
Functional languages
Haskell programming language family |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native%20species | In biogeography, a native species is indigenous to a given region or ecosystem if its presence in that region is the result of only local natural evolution (though often popularised as "with no human intervention") during history. The term is equivalent to the concept of indigenous or autochthonous species. A wild organism (as opposed to a domesticated organism) is known as an introduced species within the regions where it was anthropogenically introduced. If an introduced species causes substantial ecological, environmental, and/or economic damage, it may be regarded more specifically as an invasive species.
The notion of nativity is often a blurred concept, as it is a function of both time and political boundaries. Over long periods of time, local conditions and migratory patterns are constantly changing as tectonic plates move, join, and split. Natural climate change (which is much slower than human-caused climate change) changes sea level, ice cover, temperature, and rainfall, driving direct changes in habitability and indirect changes through the presence of predators, competitors, food sources, and even oxygen levels. Species do naturally appear, reproduce, and endure, or become extinct, and their distribution is rarely static or confined to a particular geographic location. Moreover, the distinction between native and non-native as being tied to a local occurrence during historical times has been criticised as lacking perspective, and a case was made for more graded c |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FC-75 | FC-75 is a fluorocarbon derivative of tetrahydrofuran with the chemical formula C8F16O. It is practically insoluble in water.
It is one of the 3M Fluorinert fluids. It is used as an inert coolant fluid in electronics and other applications, and as a solvent. FC-75 can be synthesized by the same electrochemical fluorination process used to produce PFOA. However, other perfluorinated ether isomers will also result.
H(CH2)7COCl + HF → H(CH2)7COF + C7H16 + 2C8F16O + HCl + H2
A similar fluorocarbon-based coolant and solvent is perfluorohexane.
References
Coolants
Halogenated solvents
Perfluorinated compounds
Tetrahydrofurans |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20NVC%20community%20CG10 |
NVC community CG10 (Festuca ovina - Agrostis capillaris - Thymus praecox grassland) is one of the calcicolous grassland communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system. Of the upland group of calcicolous grasslands, it is the only one with a short sward associated with heavy grazing.
It is a comparatively widely distributed community in the British uplands. There are three subcommunities.
Community composition
The following constant species are found in this community:
Common Bent (Agrostis capillaris)
Harebell (Campanula rotundifolia)
Sheep's Fescue (Festuca ovina)
Red Fescue (Festuca rubra)
Ribwort Plantain (Plantago lanceolata)
Tormentil (Potentilla erecta)
Self-heal (Prunella vulgaris)
Wild Thyme (Thymus praecox)
Common Dog-violet (Viola riviniana)
Glittering Wood-moss (Hylocomium splendens)
The following rare species are also associated with the community:
the Lady's-mantle (Alchemilla filicaulis ssp. filicaulis)
the Lady's-mantle (Alchemilla wichurae)
Hair Sedge (Carex capillaris)
Soft-leaved Sedge (Carex montana)
Rock Sedge (Carex rupestris)
Hoary Whitlowgrass (Draba incana)
Limestone Bedstraw (Galium sterneri)
Spring Sandwort (Minuartia verna)
Alpine Forget-me-not (Myosotis alpestris)
Dwarf Cudweed (Omalotheca supina)
Alpine Pearlwort (Sagina saginoides)
Dwarf Willow (Salix herbacea)
Sibbaldia (Sibbaldia procumbens)
Scottish Asphodel (Tofieldia pusilla)
Distribution
This community is found widely on calcareous upla |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IRobot%20Create | iRobot Create is a hobbyist robot manufactured by iRobot that was introduced in 2007 and based on their Roomba vacuum cleaning platform. The iRobot Create is explicitly designed for robotics development and improves the experience beyond simply hacking the Roomba. The Create replaces its Roomba predecessor's vacuum cleaner hardware with a cargo bay that also houses a DB-9 port providing serial communication, digital input & output, analog input & output, and an electric power supply. The Create also has a 7-pin Mini-DIN serial port through which sensor data can be read and motor commands can be issued using the iRobot Roomba Open Interface (ROI) protocol.
The platform accepts virtually all accessories designed for iRobot's second generation Roomba 400 Series domestic robots and can also be programmed with the addition of iRobot's own Command Module (a microcontroller with a USB connector and four DE-9 expansion ports). , the Command Module is no longer being sold. In 2014, iRobot replaced the original model with the Create 2, which is constructed from the chassis of remanufactured 600-series Roombas; instead of replacing the old command module, iRobot encourages the use of commodity single-board computers like Arduino and Raspberry Pi to provide additional processing power.
Controller
Due to the limitations in storage space and processing power of the iRobot Command Module, many choose to utilize an external computer in controlling the Create robot. Since the built-in seri |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathelicidin | Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) is a polypeptide that is primarily stored in the lysosomes of macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs); in humans, the CAMP gene encodes the peptide precursor CAP-18 (18 kDa), which is processed by proteinase 3-mediated extracellular cleavage into the active form LL-37. LL-37 is the only peptide in the Cathelicidin family found in the human body.
Cathelicidin peptides are dual-natured molecules called amphiphiles: one end of the molecule is attracted to water and repelled by fats and proteins, and the other end is attracted to fat and proteins and repelled by water. Members of this family react to pathogens by disintegrating, damaging, or puncturing cell membranes.
Cathelicidins thus serve a critical role in mammalian innate immune defense against invasive bacterial infection. The cathelicidin family of peptides are classified as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The AMP family also includes the defensins. Whilst the defensins share common structural features, cathelicidin-related peptides are highly heterogeneous. Members of the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial polypeptides are characterized by a highly conserved region (cathelin domain) and a highly variable cathelicidin peptide domain.
Cathelicidin peptides have been isolated from many different species of mammals. Cathelicidins are mostly found in neutrophils, monocytes, mast cells, dendritic cells and macrophages after activation by bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustafson | A derivative of the name Gustav, Gustafson, Gustafsson, Gustavson, or Gustavsson, is a group of surnames of Scandinavian origin, and may refer to any of the following people:
Gustafson
Andy Gustafson, American collegiate football coach
Axel Carl Johan Gustafson, Swedish author
Ben E. Gustafson, American politician
Barry Gustafson, New Zealand political scientist and historian
Bob Gustafson, American cartoonist
Cliff Gustafson, American baseball coach
Derek Gustafson, American pro hockey goalie
Dwight Gustafson (1930–2014), American composer and conductor
Earl B. Gustafson, American politician, judge, and lawyer
Fredrik Gustafson, Swedish football player
Gabriel Gustafson, Swedish archaeologist
Gerald Gustafson, U.S. Air Force pilot
James Gustafson, American theological ethicist
James Gustafson (politician), American politician
John Gustafson, English rock bassist
John L. Gustafson (born 1955), American computer scientist
Kathryn Gustafson, American architect
Leonard Gustafson, Canadian Senator
Megan Gustafson (born 1996), American basketball player
Nancy Gustafson, American opera singer
Ralph Barker Gustafson, Canadian poet
Ruth Gustafson (1881–1960), Swedish social democrat
Sophie Gustafson, Swedish professional golfer
Stan Gustafson, American politician
Steve Gustafson, bass guitarist, member of 10,000 Maniacs
Thane Gustafson, American author and political scientist
Tomas Gustafson, aka Sven Thomas Gustafson, Swedish speed-skater
Wallace Gustafson (1925–2018), American la |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman%20Catholic%20Diocese%20of%20Tarn%C3%B3w | The Diocese of Tarnów () is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in Poland. According to Church statistics, it is the most religious diocese in Poland, with 72.5% weekly Mass attendance.
References
Roman Catholic dioceses in Poland
Tarnów
Roman Catholic dioceses and prelatures established in the 18th century |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anytime%20algorithm | In computer science, an anytime algorithm is an algorithm that can return a valid solution to a problem even if it is interrupted before it ends. The algorithm is expected to find better and better solutions the longer it keeps running.
Most algorithms run to completion: they provide a single answer after performing some fixed amount of computation. In some cases, however, the user may wish to terminate the algorithm prior to completion. The amount of computation required may be substantial, for example, and computational resources might need to be reallocated. Most algorithms either run to completion or they provide no useful solution information. Anytime algorithms, however, are able to return a partial answer, whose quality depends on the amount of computation they were able to perform. The answer generated by anytime algorithms is an approximation of the correct answer.
Names
An anytime algorithm may be also called an "interruptible algorithm". They are different from contract algorithms, which must declare a time in advance; in an anytime algorithm, a process can just announce that it is terminating.
Goals
The goal of anytime algorithms are to give intelligent systems the ability to make results of better quality in return for turn-around time. They are also supposed to be flexible in time and resources. They are important because artificial intelligence or AI algorithms can take a long time to complete results. This algorithm is designed to complete in a shorter amo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chardonnay%2C%20Sa%C3%B4ne-et-Loire | Chardonnay () is the commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.
The name is a derivative of Cardonnacum, a Latin term to denote the land of Cardus, the owner of the land surrounding this village during the end of the Roman period. The name is also said to mean an area of thistles. Chardonnay and its surrounding Mâconnais region are probably the cradle of the Chardonnay variety of grape, and the semantic origin of the grape.
In 1994 the vineyard co-operative of Chardonnay amalgamated with that of Lugny.
Sport
The European Lure coursing championships for sighthounds of the FCI were held on 23/24/25 July 2010 in Chardonnay.
See also
Communes of the Saône-et-Loire department
References
Communes of Saône-et-Loire
Saône-et-Loire communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera%20Link | Camera Link is a serial communication protocol standard designed for camera interface applications based on the National Semiconductor interface Channel-link. It was designed for the purpose of standardizing scientific and industrial video products including cameras, cables and frame grabbers. The standard is maintained and administered by the Automated Imaging Association or AIA, the global machine vision industry's trade group.
Transmission protocol
Camera Link uses one to three Channel-link transceiver chips with four links at 7 serial bits each.
At a minimum, Camera Link uses 28 bits to represent up to 24 bits of pixel data and 3 bits for video sync signals, leaving one spare bit.
The video sync bits are Data Valid, Frame Valid, and Line Valid. The data are serialized 7:1, and the four data streams and a dedicated clock are driven over five LVDS pairs. The receiver accepts the four LVDS data streams and LVDS clock, and
then drives the 28 bits and a clock to the board.
The camera link standard calls for these 28 bits to be transmitted over 4 serialized
differential pairs with a serialization factor of 7. The parallel data clock is transmitted
with the data. Typically a 7× clock must be generated by a PLL or SERDES block in
order to transmit or receive the serialized video. To deserialize the data,
a shift register and counter may be employed. The shift register catches each of the serialized bits, one at a time,
then registers the data out into the parallel clock doma |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unipolar | Unipolar may refer to:
Electronics
Unipolar generator, a DC electrical generator
Unipolar motor, a type of small DC electric motor
Unipolar transistor, transistors that involve single-carrier-type operation
Science and medicine
Unipolar depression or major depressive disorder
Unipolar mania, an uncommon mental disorder that causes manic episodes without any history of depression
Unipolar neuron, a neuron with a single neurite
Other uses
Unipolar encoding, a line code
Unipolarity, a distribution of power in international relations in which one state exercises most of the cultural, economic, and military influence |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteria | Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit soil, water, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep biosphere of Earth's crust. Bacteria play a vital role in many stages of the nutrient cycle by recycling nutrients and the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere. The nutrient cycle includes the decomposition of dead bodies; bacteria are responsible for the putrefaction stage in this process. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, extremophile bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, such as hydrogen sulphide and methane, to energy. Bacteria also live in symbiotic and parasitic relationships with plants and animals. Most bacteria have not been characterised and there are many species that cannot be grown in the laboratory. The study of bacteria is known as bacteriology, a branch of microbiology.
Humans and most other animals carry vast numbers (approximately 1013 to 1014) of bacteria. Most are in the gut, and there are many on the skin. Most of the bacteria in and on the body are harmless or rendered so by the protective effects of the immune system, and many are beneficial, particularly the ones in |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptide%20plane%20flipping | Peptide plane flipping is a type of conformational change that can occur in proteins by which the dihedral angles of adjacent amino acids undergo large-scale rotations with little displacement of the side chains. The plane flip is defined as a rotation of the dihedral angles φ,ψ at amino acids i and i+1 such that the resulting angles remain in structurally stable regions of Ramachandran space. The key requirement is that the sum of the ψi angle of residue i and the φi+1 angle of residue i+1 remain roughly constant; in effect, the flip is a crankshaft move about the axis defined by the Cα-C¹ and N-Cα bond vectors of the peptide group, which are roughly parallel. As an example, the type I and type II beta turns differ by a simple flip of the central peptide group of the turn.
In protein dynamics
The significance of peptide plane flips in the dynamics of the native state has been inferred in some proteins by comparing crystal structures of the same protein in multiple conformations. For example, peptide flips have been described as significant in the catalytic cycle of flavodoxin and in the formation of amyloid structures, where their ability to provide a low-energy pathway between beta sheet and the so-called alpha sheet conformation is suggested to facilitate the early stages of amyloidogenesis. Peptide plane flipping may also be significant in the early stages of protein folding.
In crystallography
In protein structures determined by X-ray crystallography, poor peptide-p |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KRCB-FM | KRCB-FM (104.9 FM) is a radio station in Rohnert Park, California, and broadcasting to the Santa Rosa-Sonoma County area. The station became the primary radio frequency for Northern California Public Media's public radio service in 2021 after operating as a commercial station since 1986. As a public radio station, KRCB-FM features NPR and local news and talk programs, along with music programs featuring adult album alternative, jazz, blues, and world music.
KRCB-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 2,300 watts. The transmitter is off Calistoga Road in Santa Rosa. Most programming is also heard in Santa Rosa on 91.1 KRCG-FM, the original home of KRCB's radio service.
History
Early years
The station signed on as KRPQ "Q105" on March 4, 1986, with a country music format. It was established by a four-person partnership of Ron Castro, Steve Watts, Anetha Baxter and Lynn Hendel.
In 1991, former Q105 saleswoman Karen Heick was awarded $387,500 by a Sonoma County Superior Court jury which found that she had been harassed on the job. After a cross-appeal, the station ended up paying out $918,000 to Heick between 1991 and 1994. Two other cases were brought against the station on similar charges but never came to trial.
KRPQ was sold in 1994 to a group headed by one of the original partners, Ron Castro: Results Radio of Sonoma, for more than $2 million.
Adult contemporary
In 2006, Maverick Media purchased KRPQ and the intellectual property of a second Results Radio statio |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20Cave%20%28Wisconsin%29 | Crystal Cave is a cave located in Wisconsin’s Pierce County, near the Town of Spring Valley on Highway 29. The cave was discovered in 1881 by local brothers George and William Vanasse. Crystal Cave is a multi-level solutional cave formed in dolomite bedrock in the Prairie du Chien Group. The dolomite was formed 485 million years ago during the Lower Ordovician Period when a warm shallow ocean covered much of Minnesota and Wisconsin. It is Wisconsin’s longest known cave.
Geology
Crystal Cave is a multi-level maze type of solutional cave consisting of three levels. It extends to a depth of 69 ft. (21 m.) and is 4600 ft. (1.4 km.) in length, contained completely in the Prairie du Chen Group. The bedrock forming the cave walls formed during the Ordovician Period. The third level is the most extensive of the three, having developed along existing Northeast to Southwest trending joints in the bedrock. Dating the period the cave began to form has proven difficult because of erosion by glacial waters and the deposit of debris during the Wisconsin Glaciation from the nearby terminus of the Laurentide Ice Sheet's Superior lobe. The commonly accepted theory of the cave's formation is that it was formed by a weak carbonic acid solution formed from rainwater and snowmelt that mixed with biogenic carbon dioxide found in the topsoil, which then infiltrated existing joints and fractures in the bedrock, expanding them into the openings that make up the cave’s passageways. Some have advanced |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour%20of%20Siam | The Tour of Siam was an annual professional road bicycle racing stage race held in Thailand from 2005 to 2007 as part of the UCI Asia Tour.
Past winners
General classification
Points classification
Mountains classification
Asian rider classification
Young rider classification
Team classification
External links
Tour of Siam at cqranking.com
Cycle races in Thailand
Defunct cycling races in Thailand
UCI Asia Tour races
Recurring sporting events established in 2005
2005 establishments in Thailand
Recurring sporting events disestablished in 2007
2007 disestablishments in Thailand |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Wood%20%28molecular%20biologist%29 | Richard D. Wood (born June 3, 1955 in Boulder, Colorado) is an American molecular biologist specializing in research on DNA repair and mutation. He is known for pioneering studies on nucleotide excision repair (NER), particularly for reconstituting the minimum set of proteins involved in this process, identifying proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) as part of the NER complex and identifying mammalian repair polymerases.
The NER DNA repair pathway is a complex mechanism that cells use to repair DNA damage caused by ultraviolet sun exposure. The pathway is essential to life, and children born with mutations in genes coding for NER proteins develop xeroderma pigmentosum or XP. XP patients cannot repair DNA mutations, particularly pyrimidine dimers, caused by UV and must be continuously protected from sunlight to prevent fatal skin scarring and cancers. By the 1980s, scientists (notably Aziz Sancar) had uncovered how NER works in bacteria but this pathway remained poorly understood in mammalian cells.
Wood's first breakthrough came in 1988, after he moved to England to work at the Imperial Cancer Research Fund with Tomas Lindahl (Lindahl, Sancar and Paul Modrich later would receive the 2015 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their contributions to DNA repair). Working in Lindahl's lab, Wood developed a way to perform NER on DNA in a test tube using crude cell-free extracts from tissues. By performing this test on extracts derived from blood cells of children with XP, W |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish%20Sign%20Language | Spanish Sign Language () is a sign language used mainly by deaf people in Spain and the people who live with them. Although there are not many reliable statistics, it is estimated that there are over 100,000 speakers, 20-30% of whom use it as a second language.
From a strictly linguistic point of view, Spanish Sign Language refers to a sign language variety employed in an extensive central-interior area of the Iberian Peninsula, having Madrid as a cultural and linguistic epicenter, with other varieties used in regions such as Asturias, Aragon, Murcia, parts of western Andalusia and near the Province of Burgos.
Mutual intelligibility with the rest of the sign languages used in Spain is generally high due to a highly shared lexicon. However, Catalan Sign Language, Valencian Sign Language as well as the Spanish Sign Language dialects used in eastern Andalusia, Canary Islands, Galicia and Basque Country are the most distinctive lexically (between 10 and 30% difference in the use of nouns, depending on the case). Only the Catalan and Valencian Sign Languages share less than 75% of their vocabulary with the rest of the Spanish dialects, which makes them particularly marked, distinct dialects or even languages separate from Spanish Sign Language, depending on the methods used to determine language versus dialect. Some linguists consider both these and the Spanish Sign language three variants of a polymorphic sign language.
See also
Signed Spanish
References
External links
Alpha |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denosumab | Denosumab (trade names Prolia and Xgeva) is a human monoclonal antibody for the treatment of osteoporosis, treatment-induced bone loss, metastases to bone, and giant cell tumor of bone.
Denosumab is contraindicated in people with low blood calcium levels. The most common side effects are joint and muscle pain in the arms or legs.
Denosumab is an inhibitor of RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand), which works by decreasing the development of osteoclasts, which are cells that break down bone. It was developed by the biotechnology company Amgen.
Medical uses
Denosumab is used for those with osteoporosis at high risk for fractures, bone loss due to certain medications, and in those with bone metastases.
Cancer
A 2012 meta-analysis found that denosumab was better than placebo, zoledronic acid and pamidronate, in reducing the risk of fractures in those with cancer.
Osteoporosis
In those with postmenopausal osteoporosis denosumab decreases the risk of fractures but increases the risk of infection. A 2013 review concluded that it is a reasonable treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis. A 2017 review did not find benefit in males.
Adverse effects
The most common side effects are joint and muscle pain in the arms or legs. There is an increased risk of infections such as cellulitis, hypocalcemia (low blood calcium), hypersensitivity allergy reactions, osteonecrosis of the jaw, and atypical femur fractures. Another trial showed significantly increased rates |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20NVC%20community%20W8 |
NVC community W8 (Fraxinus excelsior - Acer campestre - Mercurialis perennis woodland) is one of the woodland communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system. It is one of the six communities falling in the "mixed deciduous and oak/birch woodlands" group.
This is a widely distributed community. There are seven subcommunities.
Community composition
Six constant species are found in this community:
Field Maple (Acer campestre)
Hazel (Corylus avellana)
Ash (Fraxinus excelsior)
Dog's-mercury (Mercurialis perennis)
Bramble (Rubus fruticosus agg.)
Common Feather-moss (Eurhynchium praelongum)
The following rare species are also associated with the community:
Narrow-leaved Bittercress (Cardamine impatiens)
Mezereon (Daphne mezereum)
Wood Fescue (Festuca altissima)
Mountain Currant (Ribes alpinum)
Oxlip (Primula elatior)
Primula × digenea, the hybrid between Oxlip and Primrose (P. vulgaris)
Large-leaved Lime (Tilia platyphyllos)
Distribution
This community is widespread throughout lowland Britain, becoming scarcer in the north and west, where it is replaced by community W9.
Subcommunities
There are seven subcommunities:
the Primula vulgaris - Glechoma hederacea subcommunity
the Anemone nemorosa subcommunity
the Deschampsia cespitosa subcommunity
the Hedera helix subcommunity
the Geranium robertianum subcommunity
the Allium ursinum subcommunity
the Teucrium scorodonia subcommunity
References
Rodwell, J. S. (1991) British Plant Commu |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestibular%20fold | The vestibular fold (ventricular fold, superior or false vocal cord) is one of two thick folds of mucous membrane, each enclosing a narrow band of fibrous tissue, the vestibular ligament, which is attached in front to the angle of the thyroid cartilage immediately below the attachment of the epiglottis, and behind to the antero-lateral surface of the arytenoid cartilage, a short distance above the vocal process.
The lower border of this ligament, enclosed in mucous membrane, forms a free crescentic margin, which constitutes the upper boundary of the ventricle of the larynx.
They are lined with respiratory epithelium, while true vocal cords have stratified squamous epithelium.
Function
The vestibular folds of the larynx play a significant role in the maintenance of the laryngeal functions of breathing and preventing food and drink from entering the airway during swallowing. They aid phonation (speech) by suppressing dysphonia. In some ethnic singing and chanting styles, such as in Tuva, Sardinia, Mongolia, South Africa and Tibet (...) the vestibular folds may be used in co-oscillation with the vocal folds, producing very low or high pitched sounds(most of the time, one octave higher).
Conversely, people who have had their epiglottis removed because of cancer do not choke any more than when it was present.
Society and culture
They have a minimal role in normal phonation, but are often used to produce deep sonorous tones in Tuvan throat singing, as well as in musical scream |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafner%E2%80%93Sarnak%E2%80%93McCurley%20constant | The Hafner–Sarnak–McCurley constant is a mathematical constant representing the probability that the determinants of two randomly chosen square integer matrices will be relatively prime. The probability depends on the matrix size, n, in accordance with the formula
where pk is the kth prime number. The constant is the limit of this expression as n approaches infinity. Its value is roughly 0.3532363719... .
References
.
.
.
.
External links
Mathematical constants
Infinite products |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acyltransferase | Acyltransferase is a type of transferase enzyme that acts upon acyl groups.
Examples include:
Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases
Glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase
Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase
Long-chain-alcohol O-fatty-acyltransferase
See also
Acetyltransferase
External links
Transferases
EC 2.3 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge%20ecosystem | The idea of a knowledge ecosystem is an approach to knowledge management which claims to foster the dynamic evolution of knowledge interactions between entities to improve decision-making and innovation through improved evolutionary networks of collaboration.
In contrast to purely directive management efforts that attempt either to manage or direct outcomes, knowledge digital ecosystems espouse that knowledge strategies should focus more on enabling self-organization in response to changing environments. The suitability between knowledge and problems confronted defines the degree of "fitness" of a knowledge ecosystem. Articles discussing such ecological approaches typically incorporate elements of complex adaptive systems theory. Known implementation considerations of knowledge ecosystem include the Canadian Government.
Key elements
To understand knowledge ecology as a productive operation, it is helpful to focus on the knowledge ecosystem that lies at its core. Like natural ecosystems, these knowledge ecosystems have inputs, throughputs and outputs operating in open exchange relationship with their environments. Multiple layers and levels of systems may be integrated to form a complete ecosystem. These systems consist of interlinked knowledge resources, databases, human experts, and artificial knowledge agents that collectively provide an online knowledge for anywhere anytime performance of organizational tasks. The availability of knowledge on an anywhere-anytime basis |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20NVC%20community%20W9 |
NVC community W9 (Fraxinus excelsior - Sorbus aucuparia - Mercurialis perennis woodland) is one of the woodland communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system. It is one of the six communities falling in the "mixed deciduous and oak/birch woodlands" group.
This is a community of northern and western Britain, particularly widespread in Scotland and Wales. There are two subcommunities.
Community composition
Ten constant species are found in this community:
Ash (Fraxinus excelsior)
Hazel (Corylus avellana)
Male fern (Dryopteris filix-mas)
Dog's-mercury (Mercurialis perennis)
Wood-sorrel (Oxalis acetosella)
Common dog-violet (Viola riviniana)
Common feather-moss (Eurhynchium praelongum)
Common striated feather-moss (Eurhynchium striatum)
Hart's-tongue thyme-moss (Plagiomnium undulatum)
Common tamarisk-moss (Thuidium tamariscinum)
The following rare species are also associated with the community:
Baneberry (Actaea spicata)
Lesser hairy-brome (Bromus benekenii)
Northern hawk's-beard (Crepis mollis)
Yellow star-of-Bethlehem (Gagea lutea)
Whorled Solomon's-seal (Polygonatum verticillatum)
Distribution
This community is widespread throughout upland areas in northern and western Britain, where is replaces community W8. It is particularly well represented in Scotland and Wales, and the far northern counties of England. It has also been recorded at a single site in Devon.
Subcommunities
There are two subcommunities:
the so-called "typical" s |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilogy%20Systems | Trilogy Systems Corporation was a computer systems company started in 1980. Originally called ACSYS, the company was founded by Gene Amdahl, his son Carl Amdahl and Clifford Madden. Flush with the success of his previous company, Amdahl Corporation, Gene Amdahl was able to raise $230 million for his new venture. Trilogy was the most well funded start-up company up till that point in Silicon Valley history. It had corporate support from Groupe Bull, Digital Equipment Corporation, Unisys, Sperry Rand and others. The plan was to use extremely advanced semiconductor manufacturing techniques to build an IBM compatible mainframe computer that was both cheaper and more powerful than existing systems from IBM and Amdahl Corporation.
These techniques included wafer scale integration (WSI), with the goal of producing a computer chip that was 2.5 inch on one side. At the time, computer chips of only 0.25 inch on a side could be reliably manufactured. This giant chip was to be connected to the rest of the system using a package with 1200 pins, an enormous number at the time. Previously, mainframe computers were built from hundreds of computer chips due to the size of standard computer chips. These computer systems were hampered through chip-to-chip communication which both slowed performance as well consumed much power.
As with other WSI projects, Trilogy's chip design relied on redundancy, that is replication of functional units, to overcome the manufacturing defects that precluded s |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20NVC%20community%20W10 |
NVC community W10 (Quercus robur - Pteridium aquilinum - Rubus fruticosus woodland) is one of the woodland communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system. It is one of the six communities falling in the "mixed deciduous and oak/birch woodlands" group.
This is a widely distributed community, except in Scotland. There are five subcommunities.
Community composition
Four constant species are found in this community:
English Oak (Quercus robur)
Honeysuckle (Lonicera periclymenum)
Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum)
Bramble (Rubus fruticosus agg.)
No rare species are also associated with the community.
Distribution
This community is widespread throughout lowland areas of England and Wales. It extends into lowland southern and eastern areas of Scotland, but in the west, it is replaced by community W11.
Subcommunities
There are five subcommunities:
the so-called typical subcommunity
the Anemone nemorosa subcommunity
the Hedera helix subcommunity
the Holcus lanatus subcommunity
the Acer pseudoplatanus - Oxalis acetosella subcommunity
References
Rodwell, J. S. (1991) British Plant Communities Volume 1 - Woodlands and scrub (hardback), (paperback)
W10 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Out%20of%20Step%20%28TV%20series%29 | Out of Step is a documentary series made by Associated-Rediffusion in 1957, in which presenter Daniel Farson looks for unconventional opinions' - surrounding a particular topical issue. Episodes lasted approximately 16 minutes, and the show was placed at 10.30pm in ITV's Wednesday schedule.
Keeping in Step (1958), also presented by Farson, looked at more conventional attitudes.
Episode guide
(nb. Dates specified are for the London region)
1. Out of Step (TX: 18 September 1957)
Free the Children A. S. Neill's well-known do-as-you-like school.
2. Nudism (TX: 2 October 1957)
Visit a nudist colony, and hear why people go there.
3. Mind Over Matter (TX: 9 October 1957)
Good health, happiness and a saner world – that's what Scientology claims to give us.
4. Away With Governments! (TX: 16 October 1957)
Away With Governments! ... and let's all live in a state of complete anarchy – or do they mean chaos?
5. Spiritualism (TX: 23 October 1957)
Is there life beyond the veil? Can the spirits communicate with us after death?
6. No Meat For Dinner (TX: 30 October 1957)
Vegans are super vegetarians. They don't eat drink milk or eat eggs.
7. Down With Marriage (TX: 6 November 1957)
Most people believe marriage to be a sacred institution. Some, however, think it a waste of time – or worse.
8. Tune in to Nature's Radio (TX: 13 November 1957)
With a little black box and a lot of thought, it is possible to grow bigger carrots by remote control - or is it?
9. Build Your Own Bod |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport%20industry | The transport/transportation and logistics industry is a category of companies that provide services to transport people or goods. The Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) lists transport below the industrials sector. The sector consists of several industries including logistics and air freight or airlines, marine, road and rail, and their respective infrastructures. Entire stock market indexes focus on the sector, like the Dow Jones Transportation Index (DJTA).
In the EU, the transport industry directly employs around 10 million people and accounts for about 5% of the gross domestic product (GDP). Logistics account for 10–15% of the cost of a finished product for European companies. On average 13.2% of every household's budget is spent on transport, which still depends heavily on fossil fuels and represents an important source of emissions. Emissions from road freight transport have risen by more than 20% since 1995, counterweighting the increased energy efficiency of vehicles.
Logistics and transport as the basis of global trade is worth over 5.7 trillion Euros.
Global players
According to Forbes Global 2000, FedEx is the biggest transportation and logistics company in the world in 2021, closely followed by UPS.
See also
Shipping industry
Rail industry
Logistics industry
Freight industry
References
External links
Logistics industry |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20NVC%20community%20W11 |
NVC community W11 (Quercus petraea - Betula pubescens - Oxalis acetosella woodland) is one of the woodland communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system. It is one of the six communities falling in the "mixed deciduous and oak/birch woodlands" group.
This is a widespread upland community of northern and western Britain. There are four subcommunities.
Community composition
The following constant species are found in this community:
Silver Birch (Betula pendula) / Downy Birch (Betula pubescens)
Common Bent (Agrostis capillaris)
Sweet Vernal-grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum)
Wavy Hair-grass (Deschampsia flexuosa)
Heath Bedstraw (Galium saxatile)
Creeping Soft-grass (Holcus mollis)
Wood-sorrel (Oxalis acetosella)
Tormentil (Potentilla erecta)
Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum)
Common Dog-violet (Viola riviniana)
Glittering Wood-moss (Hylocomium splendens)
Neat Feather-moss (Pseudoscleropodium purum)
Springy Turf-moss (Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus)
Common Tamarisk-moss (Thuidium tamariscinum)
No rare species are also associated with the community.
Distribution
This community is widespread throughout upland areas in northern and western Britain, where is replaces community W10. It is particularly well represented in Scotland, north Wales, and northwest England. It is also present in the Southwest Peninsula.
Subcommunities
There are four subcommunities:
the Dryopteris dilatata subcommunity
the Blechnum spicant subcommunity
the Anemone nemorosa |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adecatumumab | Adecatumumab (MT201) is a recombinant human IgG1 monoclonal antibody which is used to target tumor cells. It binds to the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM - CD326), with the intent to trigger antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. It was developed by Micromet Inc, which was acquired by Amgen.
Adecatumumab has been used in clinical studies of treatment in colorectal, prostate and breast cancers. Phase II results were published in 2010.
References
Monoclonal antibodies for tumors
Experimental cancer drugs
Abandoned drugs |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportster | Sportster may refer to several things, such as:
Harley-Davidson Sportster, a line of motorcycles manufactured since 1957.
ADI Sportster aircraft
Sportster line of modems, manufactured by USRobotics
a term used in Britain to describe 18th- and early 19th-century wealthy men of leisure who frequented sporting events such as horse-racing
Theiss Sportster, an American biplane aircraft design of the 1990s.
Warner Sportster, American light-sport aircraft |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poecilostomatoida | Poecilostomatoida is a suborder of copepods. Although it was previously considered a separate order, recent research showed it to be nested within the Cyclopoida.
Description
The classification of these copepods has been established on the basis of the structure of the mouth. In poecilostomatoids the mouth is represented by a transverse slit, partially covered by the overhanging labrum which resembles an upper lip. Although there is variability in the form of the mandible among poecilostomatoids, it can be generalized as being falcate (sickle-shaped).
The antennules are frequently reduced in size and the antennae modified to terminate in small hooks or claws that are used in attachment to host organisms.
Life cycle
As with many crustaceans, larval development is metamorphic with immature forms differing greatly from those of adults. Embryos are carried in paired or single sacs attached to first abdominal somite (as seen in the illustration of the female Sapphirina darwinii above right).
Ecology
Most poecilostomatoid copepods are ectoparasites of saltwater fish or invertebrates (including among the latter mollusks and echinoderms). They usually attach to the external surface of the host, in the throat-mouth cavity, or the gills. One family of poecilostomatoid copepods, however, have evolved an endoparasitic mode of life and live deep within their hosts' bodies rather than merely attaching themselves to exterior and semi-exterior surface tissue.
In addition to typical mari |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20Express | Crystal Express is a collection of science fiction and fantasy stories by American author Bruce Sterling. It was released in 1989 by Arkham House. It was initially published in an edition of 4,231 copies and was the author's first book published by Arkham House.
Many of the stories appeared in Isaac Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine and The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, and the first five stories are set in Sterling's Shaper/Mechanist universe.
Contents
Crystal Express contains the following stories:
"Swarm"
"Spider Rose"
"Cicada Queen"
"Sunken Gardens"
"Twenty Evocations"
"Green Days in Brunei"
"Spook"
"The Beautiful and the Sublime"
"Telliamed"
"The Little Magic Shop"
"Flowers of Edo"
"Dinner in Audoghast"
Sources
1989 short story collections
Science fiction short story collections
Fantasy short story collections |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-secretase | Beta-secretase is a protein family that includes in humans Beta-secretase 1 and Beta-secretase 2.
References
Single-pass transmembrane proteins |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Woman%20in%20Red | The Woman in Red may refer to:
Film
The Woman in Red (1984 film), a 1984 film starring Gene Wilder
The Woman in Red (soundtrack), produced by Motown
The Woman in Red (1935 film), a 1935 film starring Barbara Stanwyck
The Woman in Red (1947 film), a French crime film
Other uses
The Woman in Red (novel), a 1941 novel by Anthony Gilbert
Woman in Red (comics), one of the earliest superheroines
Ana Cumpănaș (Anna Sage), who was nicknamed "the Woman in Red" for the dress she wore when John Dillinger was killed
Melisandre, a character from the A Song of Ice and Fire fantasy novel series and its television adaptation Game of Thrones, often referred to as "The Red Woman"
See also
"The Red Woman", an episode from Game of Thrones
The Woman in the Red Dress, a minor character in the movie The Matrix
Women in Red, a Wikiproject to create new articles about notable women
Girl in Red, a Norwegian singer-songwriter (born 1999)
The Lady in Red (disambiguation)
Red Lady (disambiguation)
Scarlet woman (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legend%20%281992%20video%20game%29 | Legend, also known as The Four Crystals of Trazere in the United States, is an isometric fantasy role-playing game released in 1992 for the Amiga, Atari ST, and DOS. It was developed by Pete James and Anthony Taglione for the then UK-based Mindscape, and published by The Software Toolworks. In the game, the player controls four adventurers on a quest to save the land of Trazere from an ancient, re-awakening evil. In 1993, Mindscape released a sequel, Worlds of Legend: Son of the Empire. The copyrights for both "Legend" and "Worlds of Legend" are currently owned by Ubisoft, who bought them from Mattel Interactive with the rest of the Mindscape library in 2001.
Release
The Four Crystals of Trazere is an American version of Legend. It was commenced under funding from Mirrorsoft, which went into receivership after the death of Robert Maxwell. The following day, December 11, Taglione was meeting with Phil Harrison of Mindscape to discuss the conversion to PC of Tony Crowther's Amiga game, Captive. On hearing that Mirrorsoft had just gone into receivership, Taglione suggested the possibility of publication by Mindscape. The game was released by Mindscape in 1992.
PC Home demo
In October 1992, an exclusive, specially-written demo version of Legend, courtesy of Anthony 'Tag' Taglione and Mindscape, was released free in the UK with the first issue of the personal computer magazine PC Home, as part of a real-life competition by Mindscape. The demo's content is not taken from the st |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Out%20of%20the%20Blue | Out of the Blue may refer to:
Film and television
Film
Out of the Blue (1931 film), a British musical by Gene Gerrard
Out of the Blue (1947 film), an American comedy directed by Leigh Jason
Out of the Blue: Live at Wembley, a 1980 concert film by Electric Light Orchestra
Out of the Blue (1980 film), a Canadian film by Dennis Hopper
Out of the Blue (television play), a 1991 British drama directed by Nick Hamm
Out of the Blue (2003 film), an American documentary
Out of the Blue (2006 film), a New Zealand film directed by Robert Sarkies
Out of the Blue (2022 film), an American thriller film written and directed by Neil LaBute
Television
Out of the Blue (1979 TV series), an American sitcom
Out of the Blue (1995 TV series), a British police drama
Out of the Blue (1996 TV series), an American sitcom for teens
Out of the Blue (1998 TV series), an Irish documentary series presented by Derek Davis
Out of the Blue (2003 TV series), an Australian seafood and travel show
Out of the Blue (2008 TV series), an Australian soap opera
Out of the Blue (2011 TV series), a British programme co-hosted by Joanne Salley
"Out of the Blue" (Sanctuary), a season-three episode of Sanctuary
Out of the Blue Enterprises, or 9 Story USA, an American children's television company
Music
Performers
Out of the Blue (American band), a 1980s jazz ensemble
Out of the Blue (British band), an all-male a cappella group from the University of Oxford and Oxford Brookes University
Out of the Blue (Yale University |
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