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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclotomic%20identity | In mathematics, the cyclotomic identity states that
where M is Moreau's necklace-counting function,
and μ is the classic Möbius function of number theory.
The name comes from the denominator, 1 − z j, which is the product of cyclotomic polynomials.
The left hand side of the cyclotomic identity is the generating f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fused%20quartz | Fused quartz, fused silica or quartz glass is a glass consisting of almost pure silica (silicon dioxide, SiO2) in amorphous (non-crystalline) form. This differs from all other commercial glasses in which other ingredients are added which change the glasses' optical and physical properties, such as lowering the melt te... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Still | A still is an apparatus used to distill liquid mixtures by heating to selectively boil and then cooling to condense the vapor. A still uses the same concepts as a basic distillation apparatus, but on a much larger scale. Stills have been used to produce perfume and medicine, water for injection (WFI) for pharmaceutical... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodbury%20matrix%20identity | In mathematics (specifically linear algebra), the Woodbury matrix identity, named after Max A. Woodbury, says that the inverse of a rank-k correction of some matrix can be computed by doing a rank-k correction to the inverse of the original matrix. Alternative names for this formula are the matrix inversion lemma, Sher... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project%20Habakkuk | Project Habakkuk or Habbakuk (spelling varies) was a plan by the British during the Second World War to construct an aircraft carrier out of pykrete (a mixture of wood pulp and ice) for use against German U-boats in the mid-Atlantic, which were beyond the flight range of land-based planes at that time. The plan was to ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated%20mean | A truncated mean or trimmed mean is a statistical measure of central tendency, much like the mean and median. It involves the calculation of the mean after discarding given parts of a probability distribution or sample at the high and low end, and typically discarding an equal amount of both. This number of points to b... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexspeak | Hexspeak, like leetspeak, is a novelty form of variant English spelling using the hexadecimal digits. Created by programmers as memorable magic numbers, hexspeak words can serve as a clear and unique identifier with which to mark memory or data.
Hexadecimal notation represents numbers using the 16 digits 0123456789ABC... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motive%20%28algebraic%20geometry%29 | In algebraic geometry, motives (or sometimes motifs, following French usage) is a theory proposed by Alexander Grothendieck in the 1960s to unify the vast array of similarly behaved cohomology theories such as singular cohomology, de Rham cohomology, etale cohomology, and crystalline cohomology. Philosophically, a "mot... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necklace%20polynomial | In combinatorial mathematics, the necklace polynomial, or Moreau's necklace-counting function, introduced by , counts the number of distinct necklaces of n colored beads chosen out of α available colors. The necklaces are assumed to be aperiodic (not consisting of repeated subsequences), and counted up to rotation (ro... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dot%20pitch | Dot pitch (sometimes called line pitch, stripe pitch, or phosphor pitch) is a specification for a computer display, computer printer, image scanner, or other pixel-based devices that describe the distance, for example, between dots (sub-pixels) on a display screen. In the case of an RGB color display, the derived unit ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean%20time%20to%20recovery | Mean time to recovery (MTTR) is the average time that a device will take to recover from any failure. Examples of such devices range from self-resetting fuses (where the MTTR would be very short, probably seconds), to whole systems which have to be repaired or replaced.
The MTTR would usually be part of a maintenance ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trac | Trac is an open-source, web-based project management and bug tracking system. It has been adopted by a variety of organizations for use as a bug tracking system for both free and open-source software and proprietary projects and products. Trac integrates with major version control systems including ("out of the box") S... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital%20audio%20workstation | A digital audio workstation (DAW) is an electronic device or application software used for recording, editing and producing audio files. DAWs come in a wide variety of configurations from a single software program on a laptop, to an integrated stand-alone unit, all the way to a highly complex configuration of numerous ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical%20engineer | In the field of engineering, a chemical engineer is a professional, equipped with the knowledge of chemical engineering, who works principally in the chemical industry to convert basic raw materials into a variety of products and deals with the design and operation of plants and equipment.<ref>MobyDick Dictionary of E... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CrossOver%20%28software%29 | CrossOver is a Microsoft Windows compatibility layer available for Linux, macOS, and ChromeOS. This compatibility layer enables many Windows-based applications to run on Linux operating systems, macOS, or ChromeOS.
CrossOver is developed by CodeWeavers and based on Wine, an open-source Windows compatibility layer. Cod... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/220%20%28number%29 | 220 (two hundred [and] twenty) is the natural number following 219 and preceding 221.
In mathematics
It is a composite number, with its proper divisors being 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 11, 20, 22, 44, 55 and 110, making it an amicable number with 284. Every number up to 220 may be expressed as a sum of its divisors, making 220 a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute%20of%20Radio%20Engineers | The Institute of Radio Engineers (IRE) was a professional organization which existed from 1912 until December 31, 1962. On January 1, 1963, it merged with the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (AIEE) to form the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
Founding
Following several attempts to ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/200%20%28number%29 | 200 (two hundred) is the natural number following 199 and preceding 201.
200 is an abundant number, as 265, the sum of its proper divisors, is greater than itself.
The number appears in the Padovan sequence, preceded by 86, 114, 151 (it is the sum of the first two of these).
The sum of Euler's totient function φ(x) ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresno%20scraper | The Fresno Scraper is a machine pulled by horses used for constructing canals and ditches in sandy soil. The design of the Fresno Scraper forms the basis of most modern earthmoving scrapers, having the ability to scrape and move a quantity of soil, and also to discharge it at a controlled depth, thus quadrupling the vo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECos | The Embedded Configurable Operating System (eCos) is a free and open-source real-time operating system intended for embedded systems and applications which need only one process with multiple threads. It is designed to be customizable to precise application requirements of run-time performance and hardware needs. It is... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preboot%20Execution%20Environment | In computing, the Preboot eXecution Environment, PXE (most often pronounced as pixie, often called PXE Boot/pixie boot.) specification describes a standardized client–server environment that boots a software assembly, retrieved from a network, on PXE-enabled clients. On the client side it requires only a PXE-capable ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superspace | Superspace is the coordinate space of a theory exhibiting supersymmetry. In such a formulation, along with ordinary space dimensions x, y, z, ..., there are also "anticommuting" dimensions whose coordinates are labeled in Grassmann numbers rather than real numbers. The ordinary space dimensions correspond to bosonic de... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SM-4 | The SM-4 (CM-4) is a PDP-11/40 compatible system, manufactured in the Eastern Bloc in the 1980s. It was very popular in science and technology. They were manufactured in the Soviet Union, Bulgaria and Hungary, beginning in 1975.
The standard configuration includes 128 or 256 KB core memory, tape puncher, two RK-05 rem... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SM-1420 | The SM-1420 (CM-1420) is a 16 bit DEC PDP-11/45 minicomputer clone, and the successor to SM-4 in Soviet Bloc countries. Under the direction of Minpribor it was produced in the Soviet Union and Bulgaria from 1983 onwards, and is more than twice as fast as its predecessor. Its closest western counterpart is the DEC PDP-1... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ENEA%20AB | Enea AB is a global information technology company with its headquarters in Kista, Sweden that provides real-time operating systems and consulting services. Enea, which is an abbreviation of Engmans Elektronik Aktiebolag, also produces the OSE operating system.
History
Enea was founded 1968 by Rune Engman as Engmans E... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical%20calculator | A mechanical calculator, or calculating machine, is a mechanical device used to perform the basic operations of arithmetic automatically, or (historically) a simulation such as an analog computer or a slide rule. Most mechanical calculators were comparable in size to small desktop computers and have been rendered obsol... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Needham%E2%80%93Schroeder%20protocol | The Needham–Schroeder protocol is one of the two key transport protocols intended for use over an insecure network, both proposed by Roger Needham and Michael Schroeder. These are:
The Needham–Schroeder Symmetric Key Protocol, based on a symmetric encryption algorithm. It forms the basis for the Kerberos protocol. Thi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Emperor%27s%20New%20Mind | The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds and The Laws of Physics is a 1989 book by the mathematical physicist Sir Roger Penrose.
Penrose argues that human consciousness is non-algorithmic, and thus is not capable of being modeled by a conventional Turing machine, which includes a digital computer. Penrose h... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otway%E2%80%93Rees%20protocol | The Otway–Rees protocol is a computer network authentication protocol designed for use on insecure networks (e.g. the Internet). It allows individuals communicating over such a network to prove their identity to each other while also preventing eavesdropping or replay attacks and allowing for the detection of modificat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide%20Mouth%20Frog%20protocol | The Wide-Mouth Frog protocol is a computer network authentication protocol designed for use on insecure networks (the Internet for example). It allows individuals communicating over a network to prove their identity to each other while also preventing eavesdropping or replay attacks, and provides for detection of modif... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Display%20size | On 2D displays, such as computer monitors and TVs, the display size or viewable image size (VIS) is the physical size of the area where pictures and videos are displayed. The size of a screen is usually described by the length of its diagonal, which is the distance between opposite corners, usually in inches. It is als... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision%20table | Decision tables are a concise visual representation for specifying which actions to perform depending on given conditions. They are algorithms whose output is a set of actions. The information expressed in decision tables could also be represented as decision trees or in a programming language as a series of if-then-el... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McGurk%20effect | The McGurk effect is a perceptual phenomenon that demonstrates an interaction between hearing and vision in speech perception. The illusion occurs when the auditory component of one sound is paired with the visual component of another sound, leading to the perception of a third sound. The visual information a person ge... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derived%20functor | In mathematics, certain functors may be derived to obtain other functors closely related to the original ones. This operation, while fairly abstract, unifies a number of constructions throughout mathematics.
Motivation
It was noted in various quite different settings that a short exact sequence often gives rise to a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioremediation | Bioremediation broadly refers to any process wherein a biological system (typically bacteria, microalgae, fungi in mycoremediation, and plants in phytoremediation), living or dead, is employed for removing environmental pollutants from air, water, soil, flue gasses, industrial effluents etc., in natural or artificial s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Fano | Roberto Mario "Robert" Fano (11 November 1917 – 13 July 2016) was an Italian-American computer scientist and professor of electrical engineering and computer science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He became a student and working lab partner to Claude Shannon, whom he admired zealously and assisted in the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catastrophe%20theory | In mathematics, catastrophe theory is a branch of bifurcation theory in the study of dynamical systems; it is also a particular special case of more general singularity theory in geometry.
Bifurcation theory studies and classifies phenomena characterized by sudden shifts in behavior arising from small changes in circu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound%20interest | Compound interest is the addition of interest to the principal sum of a loan or deposit, or in other words, interest on principal plus interest. It is the result of reinvesting interest, or adding it to the loaned capital rather than paying it out, or requiring payment from borrower, so that interest in the next period... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic%20order | In mathematics, a cyclic order is a way to arrange a set of objects in a circle. Unlike most structures in order theory, a cyclic order is not modeled as a binary relation, such as "". One does not say that east is "more clockwise" than west. Instead, a cyclic order is defined as a ternary relation , meaning "after , o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic%20pushbutton | The magic pushbutton is a common anti-pattern in graphical user interfaces.
At its core, the anti-pattern consists of a system partitioned into two parts: user interface and business logic, that are coupled through a single point, clicking the "magic pushbutton" or submitting a form of data. As it is a single point in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urn%20problem | In probability and statistics, an urn problem is an idealized mental exercise in which some objects of real interest (such as atoms, people, cars, etc.) are represented as colored balls in an urn or other container. One pretends to remove one or more balls from the urn; the goal is to determine the probability of drawi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birch%20and%20Swinnerton-Dyer%20conjecture | In mathematics, the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture (often called the Birch–Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture) describes the set of rational solutions to equations defining an elliptic curve. It is an open problem in the field of number theory and is widely recognized as one of the most challenging mathematical problems.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meissel%E2%80%93Mertens%20constant | The Meissel–Mertens constant (named after Ernst Meissel and Franz Mertens), also referred to as Mertens constant, Kronecker's constant, Hadamard–de la Vallée-Poussin constant or the prime reciprocal constant, is a mathematical constant in number theory, defined as the limiting difference between the harmonic series sum... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enigmail | Enigmail is a data encryption and decryption extension for Mozilla Thunderbird and the Postbox that provides OpenPGP public key e-mail encryption and signing. Enigmail works under Microsoft Windows, Unix-like, and Mac OS X operating systems. Enigmail can operate with other mail clients compatible with PGP/MIME and inli... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun%20Enterprise | Sun Enterprise is a range of UNIX server computers produced by Sun Microsystems from 1996 to 2001. The line was launched as the Sun Ultra Enterprise series; the Ultra prefix was dropped around 1998. These systems are based on the 64-bit UltraSPARC microprocessor architecture and related to the contemporary Ultra series... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legendre%27s%20constant | Legendre's constant is a mathematical constant occurring in a formula constructed by Adrien-Marie Legendre to approximate the behavior of the prime-counting function . The value that corresponds precisely to its asymptotic behavior is now known to be 1.
Examination of available numerical data for known values of led ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khinchin%27s%20constant | In number theory, Aleksandr Yakovlevich Khinchin proved that for almost all real numbers x, coefficients ai of the continued fraction expansion of x have a finite geometric mean that is independent of the value of x and is known as Khinchin's constant.
That is, for
it is almost always true that
where is Khinchin's ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant%20nutrition | Plant nutrition is the study of the chemical elements and compounds necessary for plant growth and reproduction, plant metabolism and their external supply. In its absence the plant is unable to complete a normal life cycle, or that the element is part of some essential plant constituent or metabolite. This is in accor... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic%20meter%20reading | Automatic meter reading (AMR) is the technology of automatically collecting consumption, diagnostic, and status data from water meter or energy metering devices (gas, electric) and transferring that data to a central database for billing, troubleshooting, and analyzing.
This technology mainly saves utility providers th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common%20cause%20and%20special%20cause%20%28statistics%29 | Common and special causes are the two distinct origins of variation in a process, as defined in the statistical thinking and methods of Walter A. Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. Briefly, "common causes", also called natural patterns, are the usual, historical, quantifiable variation in a system, while "special causes" ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tashkent%20Tower | The Tashkent Television Tower () is a tower, located in Tashkent, Uzbekistan and is the twelfth tallest tower in the world. Construction started in 1978 and it began operation six years later, on 15 January 1985. It was the forth tallest tower in the world from 1985 to 1991. Moreover, the decision to construct the Tas... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20Quillen | Daniel Gray "Dan" Quillen (June 22, 1940 – April 30, 2011) was an American mathematician. He is known for being the "prime architect" of higher algebraic K-theory, for which he was awarded the Cole Prize in 1975 and the Fields Medal in 1978.
From 1984 to 2006, he was the Waynflete Professor of Pure Mathematics at Magd... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20States%20Board%20on%20Geographic%20Names | The United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) is a federal body operating under the United States Secretary of the Interior. The purpose of the board is to establish and maintain uniform usage of geographic names throughout the federal government of the United States.
History
On January 8, 1890, Thomas Corwin Mend... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20Glazman | Daniel Glazman is a JavaScript programmer, best known for his work on Mozilla's Editor and Composer components and Nvu, a standalone version of the Mozilla Composer, created for Linspire Corporation. He lives in France.
Glazman studied at , graduating in 1989, and Télécom ParisTech, graduating in 1991. He started work... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Register%20renaming | In computer architecture, register renaming is a technique that abstracts logical registers from physical registers.
Every logical register has a set of physical registers associated with it.
When a machine language instruction refers to a particular logical register, the processor transposes this name to one specific ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hematocrit | The hematocrit () (Ht or HCT), also known by several other names, is the volume percentage (vol%) of red blood cells (RBCs) in blood, measured as part of a blood test. The measurement depends on the number and size of red blood cells. It is normally 40.7–50.3% for males and 36.1–44.3% for females. It is a part of a per... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable-frequency%20oscillator | A variable frequency oscillator (VFO) in electronics is an oscillator whose frequency can be tuned (i.e., varied) over some range. It is a necessary component in any tunable radio transmitter and in receivers that works by the superheterodyne principle. The oscillator controls the frequency to which the apparatus is tu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lectin | Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that are highly specific for sugar groups that are part of other molecules, so cause agglutination of particular cells or precipitation of glycoconjugates and polysaccharides. Lectins have a role in recognition at the cellular and molecular level and play numerous roles in biol... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dot-decimal%20notation | Dot-decimal notation is a presentation format for numerical data. It consists of a string of decimal numbers, using the full stop (dot) as a separation character.
A common use of dot-decimal notation is in information technology where it is a method of writing numbers in octet-grouped base-10 (decimal) numbers. In com... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew%20File%20System | The Andrew File System (AFS) is a distributed file system which uses a set of trusted servers to present a homogeneous, location-transparent file name space to all the client workstations. It was developed by Carnegie Mellon University as part of the Andrew Project. Originally named "Vice", "Andrew" refers to Andrew Ca... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary%20value%20problem | In the study of differential equations, a boundary-value problem is a differential equation subjected to constraints called boundary conditions. A solution to a boundary value problem is a solution to the differential equation which also satisfies the boundary conditions.
Boundary value problems arise in several branc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPNEGO | Simple and Protected GSSAPI Negotiation Mechanism (SPNEGO), often pronounced "spenay-go", is a GSSAPI "pseudo mechanism" used by client-server software to negotiate the choice of security technology. SPNEGO is used when a client application wants to authenticate to a remote server, but neither end is sure what authenti... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerontology | Gerontology ( ) is the study of the social, cultural, psychological, cognitive, and biological aspects of aging. The word was coined by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov in 1903, from the Greek (), meaning "old man", and (), meaning "study of". The field is distinguished from geriatrics, which is the branch of medicine that spec... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-time%20Fourier%20transform | The short-time Fourier transform (STFT), is a Fourier-related transform used to determine the sinusoidal frequency and phase content of local sections of a signal as it changes over time. In practice, the procedure for computing STFTs is to divide a longer time signal into shorter segments of equal length and then com... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usenet%20Death%20Penalty | On Usenet, the Usenet Death Penalty (UDP) is a final penalty that may be issued against Internet service providers or single users who produce too much spam or fail to adhere to Usenet standards. It is named after the death penalty (the state-sanctioned killing of a person as punishment for a crime), as it causes the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positional%20notation | Positional notation (or place-value notation, or positional numeral system) usually denotes the extension to any base of the Hindu–Arabic numeral system (or decimal system). More generally, a positional system is a numeral system in which the contribution of a digit to the value of a number is the value of the digit mu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clonal%20anergy | In immunology, anergy is a lack of reaction by the body's defense mechanisms to foreign substances, and consists of a direct induction of peripheral lymphocyte tolerance. An individual in a state of anergy often indicates that the immune system is unable to mount a normal immune response against a specific antigen, usu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20L.%20Hennessy | John Leroy Hennessy (born September 22, 1952) is an American computer scientist, academician and businessman who serves as chairman of Alphabet Inc. Hennessy is one of the founders of MIPS Computer Systems Inc. as well as Atheros and served as the tenth President of Stanford University. Hennessy announced that he would... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependent%20and%20independent%20variables | Dependent and independent variables are variables in mathematical modeling, statistical modeling and experimental sciences. Dependent variables are studied under the supposition or demand that they depend, by some law or rule (e.g., by a mathematical function), on the values of other variables. Independent variables, i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memcached | Memcached (pronounced variously mem-cash-dee or mem-cashed) is a general-purpose distributed memory-caching system. It is often used to speed up dynamic database-driven websites by caching data and objects in RAM to reduce the number of times an external data source (such as a database or API) must be read. Memcached i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio%20editing%20software | Audio editing software is any software or computer program which allows editing and generating audio data. Audio editing software can be implemented completely or partly as a library, as a computer application, as a web application, or as a loadable kernel module. Wave editors are digital audio editors. There are many ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric%20ray | The electric rays are a group of rays, flattened cartilaginous fish with enlarged pectoral fins, composing the order Torpediniformes . They are known for being capable of producing an electric discharge, ranging from 8 to 220 volts, depending on species, used to stun prey and for defense. There are 69 species in four f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midpoint | In geometry, the midpoint is the middle point of a line segment. It is equidistant from both endpoints, and it is the centroid both of the segment and of the endpoints. It bisects the segment.
Formula
The midpoint of a segment in n-dimensional space whose endpoints are and is given by
That is, the ith coordinate o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exotic%20option | In finance, an exotic option is an option which has features making it more complex than commonly traded vanilla options. Like the more general exotic derivatives they may have several triggers relating to determination of payoff. An exotic option may also include a non-standard underlying instrument, developed for a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animatronics | The term animatronics refers to mechatronic puppets. They are a modern variant of the automaton and are often used for the portrayal of characters in films and in theme park attractions.
It is a multidisciplinary field integrating puppetry, anatomy and mechatronics. Animatronic figures can be implemented with both com... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical%20volume%20management | In computer storage, logical volume management or LVM provides a method of allocating space on mass-storage devices that is more flexible than conventional partitioning schemes to store volumes. In particular, a volume manager can concatenate, stripe together or otherwise combine partitions (or block devices in genera... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branching%20factor | In computing, tree data structures, and game theory, the branching factor is the number of children at each node, the outdegree. If this value is not uniform, an average branching factor can be calculated.
For example, in chess, if a "node" is considered to be a legal position, the average branching factor has been sa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Path%20integral%20formulation | The path integral formulation is a description in quantum mechanics that generalizes the action principle of classical mechanics. It replaces the classical notion of a single, unique classical trajectory for a system with a sum, or functional integral, over an infinity of quantum-mechanically possible trajectories to ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-byte%20character%20set | A double-byte character set (DBCS) is a character encoding in which either all characters (including control characters) are encoded in two bytes, or merely every graphic character not representable by an accompanying single-byte character set (SBCS) is encoded in two bytes (Han characters would generally comprise most... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20plants%20used%20in%20herbalism | This is an alphabetical list of plants used in herbalism.
Phytochemicals possibly involved in biological functions are the basis of herbalism, and may be grouped as:
primary metabolites, such as carbohydrates and fats found in all plants
secondary metabolites serving a more specific function.
For example, some secon... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalogy | In zoology, mammalogy is the study of mammals – a class of vertebrates with characteristics such as homeothermic metabolism, fur, four-chambered hearts, and complex nervous systems. Mammalogy has also been known as "mastology," "theriology," and "therology." The archive of number of mammals on earth is constantly growi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSSL | OpenSSL is a software library for applications that provide secure communications over computer networks against eavesdropping, and identify the party at the other end. It is widely used by Internet servers, including the majority of HTTPS websites.
OpenSSL contains an open-source implementation of the SSL and TLS pro... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation%20of%20time | The equation of time describes the discrepancy between two kinds of solar time. The word equation is used in the medieval sense of "reconciliation of a difference". The two times that differ are the apparent solar time, which directly tracks the diurnal motion of the Sun, and mean solar time, which tracks a theoretical... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving%20frame | In mathematics, a moving frame is a flexible generalization of the notion of an ordered basis of a vector space often used to study the extrinsic differential geometry of smooth manifolds embedded in a homogeneous space.
Introduction
In lay terms, a frame of reference is a system of measuring rods used by an observer... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%20Management%20Instrumentation | Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) consists of a set of extensions to the Windows Driver Model that provides an operating system interface through which instrumented components provide information and notification. WMI is Microsoft's implementation of the Web-Based Enterprise Management (WBEM) and Common Informat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commitment%20scheme | A commitment scheme is a cryptographic primitive that allows one to commit to a chosen value (or chosen statement) while keeping it hidden to others, with the ability to reveal the committed value later. Commitment schemes are designed so that a party cannot change the value or statement after they have committed to it... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic%20hash%20function | A cryptographic hash function (CHF) is a hash algorithm (a map of an arbitrary binary string to a binary string with a fixed size of bits) that has special properties desirable for a cryptographic application:
the probability of a particular -bit output result (hash value) for a random input string ("message") is (a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefetch%20input%20queue | Fetching the instruction opcodes from program memory well in advance is known as prefetching and it is served by using a prefetch input queue (PIQ). The pre-fetched instructions are stored in a queue. The fetching of opcodes well in advance, prior to their need for execution, increases the overall efficiency of the pro... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbal%20medicine | Herbal medicine (also called herbalism, phytomedicine or phytotherapy) is the study of pharmacognosy and the use of medicinal plants, which are a basis of traditional medicine. With worldwide research into pharmacology, some herbal medicines have been translated into modern remedies, such as the anti-malarial group of ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duck%20typing | Duck typing in computer programming is an application of the duck test—"If it walks like a duck and it quacks like a duck, then it must be a duck"—to determine whether an object can be used for a particular purpose. With nominative typing, an object is of a given type if it is declared as such (or if a type's associati... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SGI%20Indigo%C2%B2%20and%20Challenge%20M | The SGI Indigo2 (stylized as "Indigo2") and the SGI Challenge M are Unix workstations which were designed and sold by SGI from 1992 to 1997.
The Indigo2, codenamed "Fullhouse", is a desktop workstation. The Challenge M is a server which differs from the Indigo2 only by a slightly differently colored and badged case, ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOS%20Technology%20VIC-II | The VIC-II (Video Interface Chip II), specifically known as the MOS Technology 6567/6566/8562/8564 (NTSC versions), 6569/8565/8566 (PAL), is the microchip tasked with generating Y/C video signals (combined to composite video in the RF modulator) and DRAM refresh signals in the Commodore 64 and Commodore 128 home comput... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoeba%20%28operating%20system%29 | Amoeba is a distributed operating system developed by Andrew S. Tanenbaum and others at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. The aim of the Amoeba project was to build a timesharing system that makes an entire network of computers appear to the user as a single machine. Development at the Vrije Universiteit was stopped: ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyrator | A gyrator is a passive, linear, lossless, two-port electrical network element proposed in 1948 by Bernard D. H. Tellegen as a hypothetical fifth linear element after the resistor, capacitor, inductor and ideal transformer. Unlike the four conventional elements, the gyrator is non-reciprocal. Gyrators permit network rea... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine%20One | Marine One is the call sign of any United States Marine Corps aircraft carrying the president of the United States. It usually denotes a helicopter operated by Marine Helicopter Squadron One (HMX-1) "Nighthawks", consisting of either the large Sikorsky VH-3D Sea King or the newer, smaller VH-60N "White Hawk". Both heli... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractint | Fractint (originally FRACT386) is a freeware computer program to render and display many kinds of fractals. The program originated on MS-DOS, then ported to the Atari ST, Linux, and Macintosh. During the early 1990s, Fractint was the definitive fractal generating program for personal computers.
The name is a portmante... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mpemba%20effect | The Mpemba effect is the name given to the observation that a liquid (typically water) which is initially hot can freeze faster than the same liquid which begins cold, under otherwise similar conditions. There is disagreement about its theoretical basis and the parameters required to produce the effect.
The Mpemba eff... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood%20smear | A blood smear, peripheral blood smear or blood film is a thin layer of blood smeared on a glass microscope slide and then stained in such a way as to allow the various blood cells to be examined microscopically. Blood smears are examined in the investigation of hematological (blood) disorders and are routinely employed... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold%20Spring%20Harbor%20Laboratory | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) is a private, non-profit institution with research programs focusing on cancer, neuroscience, plant biology, genomics, and quantitative biology.
It is one of 68 institutions supported by the Cancer Centers Program of the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI) and has been an NCI-desi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teleprompter | A teleprompter, also known as an autocue, is a display device that prompts the person speaking with an electronic visual text of a speech or script.
Using a teleprompter is similar to using cue cards. The screen is in front of, and usually below, the lens of a professional video camera, and the words on the screen are... |
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