source
stringlengths
31
227
text
stringlengths
9
2k
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-molecule%20magnetic%20sequencing
Magnetic sequencing is a single-molecule sequencing method in development. A DNA hairpin, containing the sequence of interest, is bound between a magnetic bead and a glass surface. A magnetic field is applied to stretch the hairpin open into single strands, and the hairpin refolds after decreasing of the magnetic fiel...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeal%20translation
Archaeal translation is the process by which messenger RNA is translated into proteins in archaea. Not much is known on this subject, but on the protein level it seems to resemble eukaryotic translation. Most of the initiation, elongation, and termination factors in archaea have homologs in eukaryotes. Shine-Dalgarno ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermophobia
Thermophobia (adjective: thermophobic) is intolerance for high temperatures by either inorganic materials or organisms. The term has a number of specific usages. In pharmacy, a thermophobic foam consisting of 0.1% betamethasone valerate was found to be at least as effective as conventional remedies for treating dandru...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piet%20Groeneboom
Petrus (Piet) Groeneboom (born 24 September 1941 in Scheveningen) is a Dutch statistician who made major advances in the field of shape-constrained statistical inference such as isotonic regression, and also worked in probability theory. Education and career At the beginning of his tertiary studies in 1959, Groeneboom...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold%20cycle
The gold cycle is the biogeochemical cycling of gold through the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. Gold is a noble transition metal that is highly mobile in the environment and subject to biogeochemical cycling, driven largely by microorganisms. Gold undergoes processes of solubilization, stabilizati...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk%20Platform
Silk is a technology company headquartered in Needham, Massachusetts, United States. Silk offers a cloud platform for enterprise customers with mission-critical applications. The company has offices in Boston and Israel. History CEO, Dani Golan, founded Silk in 2008. Originally called Kaminario, after the Japanese go...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual%20microscopy
Virtual microscopy is a method of posting microscope images on, and transmitting them over, computer networks. This allows independent viewing of images by large numbers of people in diverse locations. It involves a synthesis of microscopy technologies and digital technologies. The use of virtual microscopes can tran...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index%20Herbariorum
The Index Herbariorum provides a global directory of herbaria and their associated staff. This searchable online index allows scientists rapid access to data related to 3,400 locations where a total of 350 million botanical specimens are permanently housed (singular, herbarium; plural, herbaria). The Index Herbariorum ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal%20imaging%20in%20ornithology
The use of thermal imaging devices to monitor birds began in the 1960s. It underwent significant development from the end of the 20th century onwards. This was, at least in part, due to improvements in the quality and portability of thermal-imaging devices, and reductions in their cost. Although primarily a nocturnal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Codebreakers
The Codebreakers – The Story of Secret Writing () is a book by David Kahn, published in 1967, comprehensively chronicling the history of cryptography from ancient Egypt to the time of its writing. The United States government attempted to have the book altered before publication, and it succeeded in part. Overview Bra...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Clive%20Ward
John Clive Ward, (1 August 1924 – 6 May 2000) was a Anglo-Australian physicist who made significant contributions to quantum field theory, condensed-matter physics, and statistical mechanics. Andrei Sakharov called Ward one of the titans of quantum electrodynamics. Ward introduced the Ward–Takahashi identity. He was ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certified%20broadcast%20radio%20engineer
Certified Broadcast Radio Engineer (CBRE) is a title granted to an individual in the United States who successfully meets the experience and test requirements of the certification, regulated by the Society of Broadcast Engineers (SBE). The CBRE title is protected by copyright laws. Individuals who use this title withou...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Congress%20of%20Human%20Genetics
The International Congress of Human Genetics is the foremost meeting of the international human genetics community. The first Congress was held in 1956 in Copenhagen, and has met every five years since then with the exception of the 2021 meeting which was postponed for two years because of the global COVID-19 pandemic....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungicide%20use%20in%20the%20United%20States
This article summarizes different crops, what common fungal problems they have, and how fungicide should be used in order to mitigate damage and crop loss. This page also covers how specific fungal infections affect crops present in the United States. Almonds Alternaria leaf spot Symptoms of Alternaria leaf spot ap...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suurballe%27s%20algorithm
In theoretical computer science and network routing, Suurballe's algorithm is an algorithm for finding two disjoint paths in a nonnegatively-weighted directed graph, so that both paths connect the same pair of vertices and have minimum total length. The algorithm was conceived by John W. Suurballe and published in 1974...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital%20adequacy%20ratio
Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) is also known as Capital to Risk (Weighted) Assets Ratio (CRAR), is the ratio of a bank's capital to its risk. National regulators track a bank's CAR to ensure that it can absorb a reasonable amount of loss and complies with statutory Capital requirements. It is a measure of a bank's capi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adelchi%20Negri
Adelchi Negri (16 July 1876 – 19 February 1912) was an Italian pathologist and microbiologist born in Perugia. He studied medicine and surgery at the University of Pavia, where he was a pupil of Camillo Golgi (1843–1926). After graduation in 1900, he became an assistant to Golgi at his pathological institute. In 1909 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Session%20border%20controller
A session border controller (SBC) is a network element deployed to protect SIP based voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) networks. Early deployments of SBCs were focused on the borders between two service provider networks in a peering environment. This role has now expanded to include significant deployments between...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohr%E2%80%93Mascheroni%20theorem
In mathematics, the Mohr–Mascheroni theorem states that any geometric construction that can be performed by a compass and straightedge can be performed by a compass alone. It must be understood that "any geometric construction" refers to figures that contain no straight lines, as it is clearly impossible to draw a str...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death%20and%20the%20Internet
A recent extension to the cultural relationship with death is the increasing number of people who die having created a large amount of digital content, such as social media profiles, that will remain after death. This may result in concern and confusion, because of automated features of dormant accounts (e.g. birthday ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxypropyl%20starch
Hydroxypropyl starch is a type of modified starch used as a food additive. I has the E number E1440. Hydroxyl propyl starch is not absorbed intact by the gut, but are significantly hydrolyzed by intestinal enzymes and then fermented by intestinal microbiota.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolipore%20septum
Dolipore septa are specialized dividing walls between cells (septa) found in almost all species of fungi in the phylum Basidiomycota. Unlike most fungal septa, they have a barrel-shaped swelling around their central pore, which is about 0.1–0.2 µm wide. This structure is typically capped at either end by specialized me...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power-added%20efficiency
Power-added efficiency (PAE) is a metric for rating the efficiency of a power amplifier that takes into account the effect of the gain of the amplifier. It is calculated (in percent) as: It differs from most power efficiency descriptions calculated (in percent) as: PAE will be very similar to efficiency when the gai...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sialome
In biochemistry, the term sialome may refer to two distinct concepts: The set of mRNA and proteins expressed in the salivary glands, especially of mosquitoes, ticks, and other blood-sucking arthropods. The total complement of sialic acid types and linkages and their modes of presentation on a particular organelle, c...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenotype%20modification
Phenotype modification is the process of experimentally altering an organism's phenotype to investigate the impact of phenotype on the fitness. Phenotype modification has been used to assess the impact of parasite mechanical presence on fish host behaviour.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitSight
BitSight is a cybersecurity ratings company that analyzes companies, government agencies, and educational institutions. It is based in Back Bay, Boston. Security ratings that are delivered by BitSight are used by banks and insurance companies among other organizations. The company rates more than 200,000 organizations...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton%20Synchrotron
The Proton Synchrotron (PS, sometimes also referred to as CPS) is a particle accelerator at CERN. It is CERN's first synchrotron, beginning its operation in 1959. For a brief period the PS was the world's highest energy particle accelerator. It has since served as a pre-accelerator for the Intersecting Storage Rings (...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin%20set%20%28analysis%29
In mathematical analysis, a thin set is a subset of n-dimensional complex space Cn with the property that each point has a neighbourhood on which some non-zero holomorphic function vanishes. Since the set on which a holomorphic function vanishes is closed and has empty interior (by the Identity theorem), a thin set is...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayesian%20regret
In stochastic game theory, Bayesian regret is the expected difference ("regret") between the utility of a Bayesian strategy and that of the optimal strategy (the one with the highest expected payoff). The term Bayesian refers to Thomas Bayes (1702–1761), who proved a special case of what is now called Bayes' theorem, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharyngitis
Pharyngitis is inflammation of the back of the throat, known as the pharynx. It typically results in a sore throat and fever. Other symptoms may include a runny nose, cough, headache, difficulty swallowing, swollen lymph nodes, and a hoarse voice. Symptoms usually last 3–5 days, but can be longer depending on cause. Co...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistent%20homology%20group
In persistent homology, a persistent homology group is a multiscale analog of a homology group that captures information about the evolution of topological features across a filtration of spaces. While the ordinary homology group represents nontrivial homology classes of an individual topological space, the persistent ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GEC%202050
The GEC 2050 was an 8-bit minicomputer produced during the 1970s, initially by Marconi Elliott Computer Systems of the UK, before the company renamed itself GEC Computers Limited. The first models were labeled MECS 2050, before being renamed GEC 2050. The GEC 2050 was commonly used as a Remote Job Entry station, suppo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS100a7a15
The S100 calcium-binding protein mS100a7a15 is the murine ortholog of human S100A7 (Psoriasin) and human S100A15 (Koebnerisin). mS100a7a15 is also known as S100a15, mS100a7 and mS100a7a and is encoded by the mS100a7a gene (alias: S100a15) S100 proteins are a diverse calcium-binding family that mediate fundamental cell...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asus%20Media%20Bus
The Asus Media Bus is a proprietary computer bus developed by Asus, which was used on some Socket 7 motherboards in the middle 1990s. It is a combined PCI and ISA slot. It was developed to provide a cost-efficient solution to a complete multimedia system. Using Media Bus cards for building a system reduced slot require...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaluation%20and%20Management%20Coding
Evaluation and management coding (commonly known as E/M coding or E&M coding) is a medical coding process in support of medical billing. Practicing health care providers in the United States must use E/M coding to be reimbursed by Medicare, Medicaid programs, or private insurance for patient encounters. E/M standards ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20search%20problem
In computational complexity theory, the linear search problem is an optimal search problem introduced by Richard E. Bellman and independently considered by Anatole Beck. The problem "An immobile hider is located on the real line according to a known probability distribution. A searcher, whose maximal velocity is one...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protist%20shell
Many protists have protective shells or tests, usually made from silica (glass) or calcium carbonate (chalk). Protists are a diverse group of eukaryote organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi. They are typically microscopic unicellular organisms that live in water or moist environments. Protists shells are of...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokia%20N810
The Nokia N810 Internet tablet is an Internet appliance from Nokia, announced on 17 October 2007 at the Web 2.0 Summit in San Francisco. Despite Nokia's strong association with cellular products, the N810, like preceding tablets produced by Nokia, was not a phone, but instead allowed the user to browse the Internet an...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Between%20Silk%20and%20Cyanide
Between Silk and Cyanide: A Codemaker's War 1941–1945 is a memoir of public interest by former Special Operations Executive (SOE) cryptographer Leo Marks, describing his work including memorable events, actions and omissions of his colleagues during the Second World War. It was first published in 1998. Date The book w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game%20physics
Computer animation physics or game physics are laws of physics as they are defined within a simulation or video game, and the programming logic used to implement these laws. Game physics vary greatly in their degree of similarity to real-world physics. Sometimes, the physics of a game may be designed to mimic the phy...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tephrosin
{{chembox | Verifiedfields = changed | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 413150531 | ImageFile = Tephrosin.png | ImageSize = 200px | IUPACName = 7a-Hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxy-3,3-dimethyl-13,13a-dihydro-3H,7aH-pyrano[2,3-c;6,5-f]dichromen-7-one | OtherNames = 12aβ-hydroxydeguelin |Section1= |Section2= |Section3= |S...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Committed%20information%20rate
In a Frame Relay network, committed information rate (CIR) is the bandwidth for a virtual circuit guaranteed by an internet service provider to work under normal conditions. Committed data rate (CDR) is the payload portion of the CIR. At any given time, the available bandwidth should not fall below this committed fig...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nearly%20K%C3%A4hler%20manifold
In mathematics, a nearly Kähler manifold is an almost Hermitian manifold , with almost complex structure , such that the (2,1)-tensor is skew-symmetric. So, for every vector field on . In particular, a Kähler manifold is nearly Kähler. The converse is not true. For example, the nearly Kähler six-sphere is an exam...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSEL
ANSEL, the American National Standard for Extended Latin Alphabet Coded Character Set for Bibliographic Use, was a character set used in text encoding. It provided a table of coded values for the representation of characters of the extended Latin alphabet in machine-readable form for thirty-five languages written in th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masatoshi%20Shima
is a Japanese electronics engineer. He was one of the architects of the world's first microprocessor, the Intel 4004. In 1968, Shima worked for Busicom in Japan, and did the logic design for a specialized CPU to be translated into three-chip custom chips. In 1969, he worked with Intel's Ted Hoff and Stanley Mazor to re...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effective%20dimension
In mathematics, effective dimension is a modification of Hausdorff dimension and other fractal dimensions that places it in a computability theory setting. There are several variations (various notions of effective dimension) of which the most common is effective Hausdorff dimension. Dimension, in mathematics, is a par...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychology%2C%20philosophy%20and%20physiology
Psychology, philosophy and physiology (PPP) was a degree at the University of Oxford. It was Oxford's first psychology degree, beginning in 1947, but admitted its last students in October 2010. It has been, in part, replaced by psychology, philosophy, and linguistics (PPL, in which students usually study two of three s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucous%20membrane
A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body of an organism and covers the surface of internal organs. It consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells overlying a layer of loose connective tissue. It is mostly of endodermal origin and is continuous with the skin at body openin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FlyExpress
FlyExpress is a free database that collects the expression patterns of Drosophila melanogaster in embryogenesis via a series of images submitted from BDGP, Fly-FISH and publications from other researchers, containing over 100,000 images of over 4,000 genes. It is currently available freely both online and as an iPhone ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/View%20factor
In radiative heat transfer, a view factor, , is the proportion of the radiation which leaves surface that strikes surface . In a complex 'scene' there can be any number of different objects, which can be divided in turn into even more surfaces and surface segments. View factors are also sometimes known as configuratio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boustrophedon%20transform
In mathematics, the boustrophedon transform is a procedure which maps one sequence to another. The transformed sequence is computed by an "addition" operation, implemented as if filling a triangular array in a boustrophedon (zigzag- or serpentine-like) manner—as opposed to a "Raster Scan" sawtooth-like manner. Definit...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hereditas
Hereditas (not to be confused with another journal called Heredity) is a scientific journal concerning genetics. It has been published since 1920 by Mendelska sällskapet i Lund (Mendelian Society of Lund). In its long history it has published important papers in the field of genetics, including the first discovery of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/171%20%28number%29
171 (one hundred [and] seventy-one) is the natural number following 170 and preceding 172. In mathematics 171 is a triangular number and a Jacobsthal number. There are 171 transitive relations on three labeled elements, and 171 combinatorially distinct ways of subdividing a cuboid by flat cuts into a mesh of tetrahed...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard%20architecture
The Harvard architecture is a computer architecture with separate storage and signal pathways for instructions and data. It is often contrasted with the von Neumann architecture, where program instructions and data share the same memory and pathways. The term is often stated as having originated from the Harvard Mark ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humster
A humster is a hybrid cell line made from a hamster oocyte fertilized with human sperm. This is possible due to the unique promiscuity of hamster ova, which allows them to fuse with non-hamster sperm. It always consists of single cells, and cannot form a multi-cellular being. Humsters are usually destroyed before they ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InnoDB
InnoDB is a storage engine for the database management system MySQL and MariaDB. Since the release of MySQL 5.5.5 in 2010, it replaced MyISAM as MySQL's default table type. It provides the standard ACID-compliant transaction features, along with foreign key support (Declarative Referential Integrity). It is included a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyndall%20Medal
The Tyndall Medal is a prize from the Institute of Acoustics awarded every two years to a citizen of the UK, preferably under the age of 40, for "achievement and services in the field of acoustics". The prize is named after John Tyndall. List of recipients Source: Institute of Acoustics See also List of physics aw...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night-blooming%20cereus
Night-blooming cereus is the common name referring to a large number of flowering ceroid cacti that bloom at night. The flowers are short lived, and some of these species, such as Selenicereus grandiflorus, bloom only once a year, for a single night, though most put out multiple flowers over a period of several weeks, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edith%20Rebecca%20Saunders
Edith Rebecca Saunders FLS (14 October 1865 – 6 June 1945) was a British geneticist and plant anatomist. Described by J. B. S. Haldane as the "Mother of British Plant Genetics", she played an active role in the re-discovery of Mendel's laws of heredity, the understanding of trait inheritance in plants, and was the firs...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnoichthyology
Ethnoichthyology is an area in anthropology that examines human knowledge of fish, the uses of fish, and importance of fish in different human societies. It draws on knowledge from many different areas including ichthyology, economics, oceanography, and marine botany. This area of study seeks to understand the details...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OTRS
OTRS (originally Open-Source Ticket Request System) is a service management suite. The suite contains an agent portal, admin dashboard and customer portal. In the agent portal, teams process tickets and requests from customers (internal or external). There are various ways in which this information, as well as customer...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squid%20as%20food
Squid is eaten in many cuisines; in English, the culinary name calamari is often used for squid dishes. There are many ways to prepare and cook squid. Fried squid is common in the Mediterranean. In New Zealand, Australia, the United States, Canada, and South Africa, it is sold in fish and chip shops, and steakhouses. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20remote%20sensing
Water Remote Sensing is the observation of water bodies such as lakes, oceans, and rivers from a distance in order to describe their color, state of ecosystem health, and productivity. Water remote sensing studies the color of water through the observation of the spectrum of water leaving radiance. From the spectrum of...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohno%27s%20law
Ohno's law was proposed by a Japanese-American biologist Susumu Ohno, saying that the gene content of the mammalian species has been conserved over species not only in the DNA content but also in the genes themselves. That is, nearly all mammalian species have conserved the X chromosome from their primordial X chromoso...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index%20mark
Index mark has multiple meanings. In computing, an index mark or index track is a physical impression made on a hard disk drive. Its purpose is to indicate the starting point for each track on the hard disk drive. Usually, an index mark takes the form of a hole, gap, or magnetic strip. It also allows a hard disk drive...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evgeny%20Yakovlevich%20Remez
Evgeny Yakovlevich Remez (sometimes spelled as Evgenii Yakovlevich Remez, ; (born 1895 in Mstislavl, now Belarus; died 1975 in Kyiv, now Ukraine) was a Soviet mathematician. He is known for his work in the constructive function theory, in particular, for the Remez algorithm and the Remez inequality. His doctoral stude...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuterin
Reuterin (3-hydroxypropionaldehyde) is the organic compound with the formula HOCH2CH2CHO. It is a bifunctional molecule, containing both a hydroxy and aldehyde functional groups. The name reuterin is derived from Lactobacillus reuteri, which produces the compound biosynthetically from glycerol as a broad-spectrum ant...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3%CF%89-method
The 3ω-method (3 omega method) or 3ω-technique, is a measurement method for determining the thermal conductivities of bulk material (i.e. solid or liquid) and thin layers. The process involves a metal heater applied to the sample that is heated periodically. The temperature oscillations thus produced are then measure...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesoplasma
Mesoplasma is a genus of bacteria belonging to the class Mollicutes. Mesoplasma is related to the genus Mycoplasma but differ in several respects. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norepinephrine%20transporter
The norepinephrine transporter (NET), also known as noradrenaline transporter (NAT), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the solute carrier family 6 member 2 (SLC6A2) gene. NET is a monoamine transporter and is responsible for the sodium-chloride (Na+/Cl−)-dependent reuptake of extracellular norepinephrine (NE),...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population%20impact%20measure
Population impact measures (PIMs) are biostatistical measures of risk and benefit used in epidemiological and public health research. They are used to describe the impact of health risks and benefits in a population, to inform health policy. Frequently used measures of risk and benefit identified by Jerkel, Katz and E...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera%20interface
The Camera Interface block or CAMIF is the hardware block that interfaces with different image sensor interfaces and provides a standard output that can be used for subsequent image processing. A typical Camera Interface would support at least a parallel interface although these days many camera interfaces are beginni...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%27Alembert%E2%80%93Euler%20condition
In mathematics and physics, especially the study of mechanics and fluid dynamics, the d'Alembert-Euler condition is a requirement that the streaklines of a flow are irrotational. Let x = x(X,t) be the coordinates of the point x into which X is carried at time t by a (fluid) flow. Let be the second material derivativ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical%20testing
Mechanical testing covers a wide range of tests, which can be divided broadly into two types: those that aim to determine a material's mechanical properties, independent of geometry. those that determine the response of a structure to a given action, e.g. testing of composite beams, aircraft structures to destruction...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HdeA%20family
In molecular biology, the HdeA family of proteins (HNS (histone-like nucleoid structuring)-dependent expression A) is a stress response protein family found in highly acid resistant bacteria such as Shigella flexneri and Escherichia coli, but which is lacking in mildly acid tolerant bacteria such as Salmonella. HdeA is...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josef%20Schnitter
Josef Schnitter (, Yosif Shniter; 16 October 1852–26 April 1914) was a Czech–Bulgarian architect, engineer and geodesist credited with shaping the modern appearance of Plovdiv, Bulgaria's second-largest city. Schnitter was born in the small town of Nový Bydžov in Bohemia, Austrian Empire (today in the Czech Republic)....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina%20Bari
Nina Karlovna Bari (; 19 November 1901 – 15 July 1961) was a Soviet mathematician known for her work on trigonometric series.<ref name="asc">Biography of Nina Karlovna Bari, by Giota Soublis, Agnes Scott College.</ref> She is also well-known for two textbooks, Higher Algebra and The Theory of Series''. Early life and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/238%20%28number%29
238 (two hundred [and] thirty-eight) is the natural number following 237 and preceding 239. In mathematics 238 is an untouchable number. There are 238 2-vertex-connected graphs on five labeled vertices, and 238 order-5 polydiamonds (polyiamonds that can partitioned into 5 diamonds). Out of the 720 permutations of si...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20embedded%20value
The European embedded value (EEV) is an effort by the CFO Forum to standardize the calculation of the embedded value. For this purpose the CFO Forum has released guidelines how embedded value should be calculated. There is a lot of subjectivity involved in calculating the value of a life insurer. Insurance contracts a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibular%20retinacula
The fibular retinacula (also known as peroneal retinacula) are fibrous retaining bands that bind down the tendons of the fibularis longus and fibularis brevis muscles as they run across the side of the ankle. (Retinaculum is Latin for "retainer.") These bands consist of the superior fibular retinaculum and the inferio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ColorOS
ColorOS is a user interface created by Oppo based on the Android Open Source Project. Initially, Realme phones used ColorOS until it was replaced by Realme UI in 2020. Realme UI uses some of ColorOS's apps. Starting from OnePlus 9 series OnePlus will preinstall ColorOS on all smartphones that are sold in mainland Chin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep%20hypothermic%20circulatory%20arrest
Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) is a surgical technique in which the temperature of the body falls significantly (between 20 °C (68 °F) to 25 °C (77 °F))and blood circulation is stopped for up to one hour. It is used when blood circulation to the brain must be stopped because of delicate surgery within the b...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MineCam
The MineCam is a remote exploration camera built by I.A.Recordings. It is used for mine shaft exploration and other similar environments. It was originally conceptualized in 1988, and since went under several design revisions. The name MineCam, is a pun on MiniCam, an early hand-held broadcast camera built by CBS Labor...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%20protein%20%28Streptococcus%29
M protein is a virulence factor that can be produced by certain species of Streptococcus. Viruses, parasites and bacteria are covered in protein and sugar molecules that help them gain entry into a host by counteracting the host's defenses. One such molecule is the M protein produced by certain streptococcal bacteria....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affine%20root%20system
In mathematics, an affine root system is a root system of affine-linear functions on a Euclidean space. They are used in the classification of affine Lie algebras and superalgebras, and semisimple p-adic algebraic groups, and correspond to families of Macdonald polynomials. The reduced affine root systems were used by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless%20sensor%20network
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) refer to networks of spatially dispersed and dedicated sensors that monitor and record the physical conditions of the environment and forward the collected data to a central location. WSNs can measure environmental conditions such as temperature, sound, pollution levels, humidity and win...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y.%20P.%20Viyogi
Yogendra Pathak Viyogi (Y. P. Viyogi) is an Indian physicist at Indian National Science Academy. He is specialized in the field of experimental nuclear physics. Early life He born at Madhubani in the year 1948. He completed his primary education at his own village. He received his post graduate degree in physics fro...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interfacial%20rheology
Interfacial rheology is a branch of rheology that studies the flow of matter at the interface between a gas and a liquid or at the interface between two immiscible liquids. The measurement is done while having surfactants, nanoparticles or other surface active compounds present at the interface. Unlike in bulk rheology...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time%20resolved%20crystallography
Time resolved crystallography utilizes X-ray crystallography imaging to visualize reactions in four dimensions (x, y, z and time). This enables the studies of dynamical changes that occur in for example enzymes during their catalysis. The time dimension is incorporated by triggering the reaction of interest in the crys...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formulation
Formulation is a term used in various senses in various applications, both the material and the abstract or formal. Its fundamental meaning is the putting together of components in appropriate relationships or structures, according to a formula. Etymologically formula is the diminutive of the Latin forma, meaning shape...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational%20aeroacoustics
Computational aeroacoustics is a branch of aeroacoustics that aims to analyze the generation of noise by turbulent flows through numerical methods. History The origin of computational aeroacoustics can only very likely be dated back to the middle of the 1980s, with a publication of Hardin and Lamkin who claimed, that ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary%20surfactant
Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active complex of phospholipids and proteins formed by type II alveolar cells. The proteins and lipids that make up the surfactant have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. By adsorbing to the air-water interface of alveoli, with hydrophilic head groups in the water and the hydrop...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital-free%20density%20functional%20theory
In computational chemistry, orbital-free density functional theory is a quantum mechanical approach to electronic structure determination which is based on functionals of the electronic density. It is most closely related to the Thomas–Fermi model. Orbital-free density functional theory is, at present, less accurate th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ILLIAC%20I
The ILLIAC I (Illinois Automatic Computer), a pioneering computer in the ILLIAC series of computers built in 1952 by the University of Illinois, was the first computer built and owned entirely by a United States educational institution. Computer The project was the brainchild of Ralph Meagher and Abraham H. Taub, who ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loop%20representation%20in%20gauge%20theories%20and%20quantum%20gravity
Attempts have been made to describe gauge theories in terms of extended objects such as Wilson loops and holonomies. The loop representation is a quantum hamiltonian representation of gauge theories in terms of loops. The aim of the loop representation in the context of Yang–Mills theories is to avoid the redundancy in...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indexed%20family
In mathematics, a family, or indexed family, is informally a collection of objects, each associated with an index from some index set. For example, a family of real numbers, indexed by the set of integers, is a collection of real numbers, where a given function selects one real number for each integer (possibly the sam...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-propeller%20phytase
β-propeller phytases (BPPs) are a group of enzymes (i.e. protein superfamily) with a round beta-propeller structure. BPPs are phytases, which means that they are able to remove (hydrolyze) phosphate groups from phytic acid and its phytate salts. Hydrolysis happens stepwise and usually ends in myo-inositol triphosphate ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy%27s%20identity
Roy's identity (named after French economist René Roy) is a major result in microeconomics having applications in consumer choice and the theory of the firm. The lemma relates the ordinary (Marshallian) demand function to the derivatives of the indirect utility function. Specifically, denoting the indirect utility fun...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior%20imaging
Behavior imaging is a technique used in behavioral health to diagnose, treat and monitor behavioral disorders, most commonly autism. It involves capturing short video clips of problem behaviors in natural environments on smartphones or other devices.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20singularity
The term quantum singularity is used to refer to many different phenomena in fiction. They often only approximate a gravitational singularity in the scientific sense in that they are massive, localized distortions of space and time. The name invokes one of the most fundamental problems remaining in modern physics: the ...