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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenium%20obesum | Adenium obesum, more commonly known as a desert rose, is a poisonous species of flowering plant belonging to the tribe Nerieae of the subfamily Apocynoideae of the dogbane family, Apocynaceae. It is native to the Sahel regions south of the Sahara (from Mauritania and Senegal to Sudan), tropical and subtropical eastern ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratomic | Stratomic is a chess variant invented by Robert Montay-Marsais in 1972. The game is played on a 10×10 board with all the standard chess pieces present, and in addition, two nuclea pieces (representing nuclear missiles) and two extra pawns per side. The game brings the concept of modern warfare weaponry to chess.
Game ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A-weighting | A-weighting is the most commonly used of a family of curves defined in the International standard IEC 61672:2003 and various national standards relating to the measurement of sound pressure level. A-weighting is applied to instrument-measured sound levels in an effort to account for the relative loudness perceived by t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoothed%20analysis | In theoretical computer science, smoothed analysis is a way of measuring the complexity of an algorithm. Since its introduction in 2001, smoothed analysis has been used as a basis for considerable research, for problems ranging from mathematical programming, numerical analysis, machine learning, and data mining. It can... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External%20Data%20Representation | External Data Representation (XDR) is a standard data serialization format, for uses such as computer network protocols. It allows data to be transferred between different kinds of computer systems. Converting from the local representation to XDR is called encoding. Converting from XDR to the local representation is ca... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Philipp%20%28biologist%29 | David P. Philipp is an American-born biologist known for his work on conservation genetics, reproductive ecology, and the effects of angling on fish populations. He is a conservation geneticist and Director of the Fisheries Genetics Lab at the Illinois Natural History Survey, an adjunct professor at the University of I... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric%20and%20material%20buckling | Geometric buckling is a measure of neutron leakage and material buckling is a measure of the difference between neutron production and neutron absorption. When nuclear fission occurs inside of a nuclear reactor, neutrons are produced. These neutrons then, to state it simply, either react with the fuel in the reactor or... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atkins%20Nutritionals | Atkins Nutritionals, Inc. was founded by Robert Atkins in order to promote the low-carbohydrate packaged foods of the Atkins diet. As of 2017, it is part of The Simply Good Foods Company. The company sells low-carbohydrate bars, shakes, and snacks.
History
Atkins Nutritionals, Inc. was originally founded as Complement... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopython | The Biopython project is an open-source collection of non-commercial Python tools for computational biology and bioinformatics, created by an international association of developers. It contains classes to represent biological sequences and sequence annotations, and it is able to read and write to a variety of file for... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusion%20transcript | Fusion transcript is a chimeric RNA encoded by a fusion gene or by two different genes by subsequent trans-splicing. Certain fusion transcripts are commonly produced by cancer cells, and detection of fusion transcripts is part of routine diagnostics of certain cancer types. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinogradov%27s%20mean-value%20theorem | In mathematics, Vinogradov's mean value theorem is an estimate for the number of equal sums of powers.
It is an important inequality in analytic number theory, named for I. M. Vinogradov.
More specifically, let count the number of solutions to the system of simultaneous Diophantine equations in variables given by
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agaricus%20brunneofibrillosus | Agaricus brunneofibrillosus, commonly known as the bleeding agaricus, is a mushroom in the family Agaricaceae. It has a medium to dark brown cap up to in diameter with brownish fibrillose scales that darken in age. The tightly-packed gills are initially cream colored before becoming pinkish, lilac-gray, and finally br... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxysterol-binding%20protein | The oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP)-related proteins (ORPs) are a family of lipid transfer proteins (LTPs). Concretely, they constitute a family of sterol and phosphoinositide binding and transfer proteins in eukaryotes that are conserved from yeast to humans. They are lipid-binding proteins implicated in many cellula... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal%20scheme | In algebraic geometry, an algebraic variety or scheme X is normal if it is normal at every point, meaning that the local ring at the point is an integrally closed domain. An affine variety X (understood to be irreducible) is normal if and only if the ring O(X) of regular functions on X is an integrally closed domain. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physiological%20psychology | Physiological psychology is a subdivision of behavioral neuroscience (biological psychology) that studies the neural mechanisms of perception and behavior through direct manipulation of the brains of nonhuman animal subjects in controlled experiments. This field of psychology takes an empirical and practical approach w... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxic%20unit | Toxic units (TU) are used in the field of toxicology to quantify the interactions of toxicants in binary mixtures of chemicals. A toxic unit for a given compound is based on the concentration at which there is a 50% effect (ex. EC50) for a certain biological endpoint. One toxic unit is equal to the EC50 for a given end... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral%20plantar%20artery | The lateral plantar artery (external plantar artery), much larger than the medial, passes obliquely lateralward and forward to the base of the fifth metatarsal bone.
It then turns medialward to the interval between the bases of the first and second metatarsal bones, where it unites with the deep plantar branch of the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunward%20Aerospace%20Group | Sunward Aerospace is the short name of an incorporated company started in early 2000 producing a line of model rockets. Originally called Sunward Model Aerospace, the name is now Sunward Aerospace Group Limited. The company is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
The company switched owners in October 2004 and since ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predeclared | In computer languages, the built-in information, encodings or tools that are available to a programmer are pre-declared, often in the form of entities, variables, objects, functions or instructions. It is mostly not possible to overwrite or otherwise manipulate them.
Pre-declared entity
A pre-declared entity is a bu... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riemann%E2%80%93Roch-type%20theorem | In algebraic geometry, there are various generalizations of the Riemann–Roch theorem; among the most famous is the Grothendieck–Riemann–Roch theorem, which is further generalized by the formulation due to Fulton et al.
Formulation due to Baum, Fulton and MacPherson
Let and be functors on the category C of schemes s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test%20cross | Under the law of dominance in genetics, an individual expressing a dominant phenotype could contain either two copies of the dominant allele (homozygous dominant) or one copy of each dominant and recessive allele (heterozygous dominant). By performing a test cross, one can determine whether the individual is heterozygo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidden%20face | People often see hidden faces in things. Depending on the circumstances, this is referred to as pareidolia, the perception or recognition of a specific pattern or form in something essentially different. It is thus also a kind of optical illusion. When an artist notices that two different things have a similar appearan... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supravaginal%20portion%20of%20cervix | The supravaginal portion of the cervix (also known as the uterine portion of the cervix) is separated in front from the bladder by fibrous tissue (parametrium), which extends also on to its sides and lateralward between the layers of the broad ligaments.
The uterine arteries reach the margins of the cervix in this fib... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material%20failure%20theory | Material failure theory is an interdisciplinary field of materials science and solid mechanics which attempts to predict the conditions under which solid materials fail under the action of external loads. The failure of a material is usually classified into brittle failure (fracture) or ductile failure (yield). Dependi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur%20C.%20Clarke | Sir Arthur Charles Clarke (16 December 191719 March 2008) was an English science fiction writer, science writer, futurist, inventor, undersea explorer, and television series host.
He co-wrote the screenplay for the 1968 film 2001: A Space Odyssey, widely regarded as one of the most influential films of all time. Clar... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20fluid | A quantum fluid refers to any system that exhibits quantum mechanical effects at the macroscopic level such as superfluids, superconductors, ultracold atoms, etc. Typically, quantum fluids arise in situations where both quantum mechanical effects and quantum statistical effects are significant.
Most matter is either s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seto%20Marine%20Biological%20Laboratory | The Seto Marine Biological Laboratory (瀬戸臨海実験所, also known as SMBL), is a marine biology field station of Kyoto University. It is located in the small town of Shirahama in Wakayama Prefecture about 230 km from Kyoto.
History
Established in 1922, research at the lab has historically been focused on marine invertebrat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow%20plasticity%20theory | Flow plasticity is a solid mechanics theory that is used to describe the plastic behavior of materials. Flow plasticity theories are characterized by the assumption that a flow rule exists that can be used to determine the amount of plastic deformation in the material.
In flow plasticity theories it is assumed that t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Rock%20Star%20Bucks%20a%20Coffee%20Shop | "A Rock Star Bucks a Coffee Shop" is a song recorded by Neil Young and Promise of the Real. It is a protest song aimed at the companies: Starbucks and Monsanto. The piece comes from the concept album The Monsanto Years, which primarily criticizes the firm Monsanto.
About the Song
The song was released as a single in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed%20Perkins | Edwin Arend Perkins, (born 31 August 1953) is a Canadian mathematician who has been Professor of Mathematics at the University of British Columbia since 1989 and Canada Research Chair in Probability since 2001. He was elected to the Royal Society of Canada in 1988 and to the Royal Society in 2007. He won the 2003 CRM... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debt-to-income%20ratio | In the consumer mortgage industry, debt-to-income ratio (DTI) is the percentage of a consumer's monthly gross income that goes toward paying debts. (Speaking precisely, DTIs often cover more than just debts; they can include principal, taxes, fees, and insurance premiums as well. Nevertheless, the term is a set phrase ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECLAIR | ECLAIR is a commercial static code analysis tool developed by BUGSENG, LLC for automatic analysis, verification, testing and transformation of C and C++ programs.
Capabilities
ECLAIR is a complete re-engineering of a series of prototypes developed at the Applied Formal Methods Laboratory of the University of Parma. ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional%20analysis%20%28psychology%29 | Functional analysis in behavioral psychology is the application of the laws of operant and respondent conditioning to establish the relationships between stimuli and responses. To establish the function of operant behavior, one typically examines the "four-term contingency": first by identifying the motivating operatio... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiniofon | Chiniofon is an antiprotozoal agent. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earle%E2%80%93Hamilton%20fixed-point%20theorem | In mathematics, the Earle–Hamilton fixed point theorem is a result in geometric function theory giving sufficient conditions for a holomorphic mapping of an open domain in a complex Banach space into itself to have a fixed point. The result was proved in 1968 by Clifford Earle and Richard S. Hamilton by showing that, w... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DEC%20Technical%20Character%20Set | DEC Technical (TCS) is a 7-bit character set developed by Digital Equipment Corporation.
Character set
Characters from 31 to 37 are intended to assemble a 3x5 uppercase sigma.
See also
DEC Multinational Character Set (MCS)
DEC National Replacement Character Set (NRCS)
DEC Special Graphics
Symbol (typeface) § Encodi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rama%20Cont | Rama Cont is the Professor of Mathematical Finance at the
University of Oxford.
He is known for contributions to probability theory, stochastic analysis and mathematical modelling in finance, in particular mathematical models of systemic risk.
He was awarded the Louis Bachelier Prize by the French Academy of Scie... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time%20triple%20modular%20redundancy | Time triple modular redundancy, also known as TTMR, is a patented single-event upset mitigation technique that detects and corrects errors in a computer or microprocessor. TTMR allows the use of very long instruction word (VLIW) style microprocessors in space or other applications where external sources, such as radiat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeruginascin | Aeruginascin or N,N,N-trimethyl-4-phosphoryloxytryptamine is an indoleamine derivative which occurs naturally within the mushrooms Inocybe aeruginascens and Pholiotina cyanopus, and Psilocybe cubensis. Aeruginascin is the N-trimethyl analogue of psilocybin. It is closely related to the frog skin toxin bufotenidine (5-H... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron%20moisture%20gauge | A neutron moisture meter is a moisture meter utilizing neutron scattering. The meters are most frequently used to measure the water content in soil or rock. The technique is non-destructive, and is sensitive to moisture in the bulk of the target material, not just at the surface.
Water, due to its hydrogen content, is... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance%20medicine | Performance Medicine is a sub-speciality of clinical and diagnostic medicine that is focussed on the optimisation of emotional, mental, and emotional well-being and performance. It is a new and innovative medical speciality that merges the goals of internal medicine, anti-ageing medicine, functional medicine, sports me... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS%20hosting%20service | A DNS hosting service is a service that runs Domain Name System (DNS) servers. Most, but not all, domain name registrars include DNS hosting service with registration. Free DNS hosting services also exist. Many third-party DNS hosting services provide dynamic DNS.
DNS hosting service is optimal when the provider ha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton%20emission | Proton emission (also known as proton radioactivity) is a rare type of radioactive decay in which a proton is ejected from a nucleus. Proton emission can occur from high-lying excited states in a nucleus following a beta decay, in which case the process is known as beta-delayed proton emission, or can occur from the gr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spot%20test%20%28lichen%29 | A spot test in lichenology is a spot analysis used to help identify lichens. It is performed by placing a drop of a chemical on different parts of the lichen and noting the colour change (or lack thereof) associated with application of the chemical. The tests are routinely encountered in dichotomous keys for lichen spe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolate%20trochoidal%20mass%20spectrometer | A prolate trochoidal mass spectrometer is a chemical analysis instrument in which the ions of different mass-to-charge ratio are separated by means of mutually perpendicular electric and magnetic fields so that the ions follow a prolate trochoidal path. These devices are sometimes called cycloidal mass spectrometers, a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute%20for%20Operations%20Research%20and%20the%20Management%20Sciences | The Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) is an international society for practitioners in the fields of operations research (O.R.), management science, and analytics. It was established in 1995 with the merger of the Operations Research Society of America (ORSA) and The Institute of M... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred%20Eisenack | Alfred Eisenack (born 13 May 1891 in Altfelde, West Prussia, died 19 April 1982 in Reutlingen) was a German paleontologist. He was a pioneer of micropaleontology and palynology. His botanical and mycological author abbreviation is "Eisenack".
Eisenack took his photographs using a Leitz monocular microscope, to which ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F5%2C%20Inc. | F5, Inc. is a publicly-held American technology company specializing in application security, multi-cloud management, online fraud prevention, application delivery networking (ADN), application availability & performance, network security, and access & authorization.
F5 is headquartered in Seattle, Washington in F5 To... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complement%20%28set%20theory%29 | In set theory, the complement of a set , often denoted by (or ), is the set of elements not in .
When all sets in the universe, i.e. all sets under consideration, are considered to be members of a given set , the absolute complement of is the set of elements in that are not in .
The relative complement of with re... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute%20for%20Medical%20Engineering%20and%20Science | The Institute for Medical Engineering and Science or IMES is a research institute at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology that aims to combine engineering, medicine, and science to solve challenges in human health. The institute was established in 2012 and is currently directed by Elazer Edelman. Some core faculty... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigen%20presentation | Antigen presentation is a vital immune process that is essential for T cell immune response triggering. Because T cells recognize only fragmented antigens displayed on cell surfaces, antigen processing must occur before the antigen fragment can be recognized by a T-cell receptor. Specifically, the fragment, bound to th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestication%20of%20the%20cat | The domestic cat originated from Near-Eastern and Egyptian populations of the African wildcat, Felis sylvestris lybica. The family Felidae, to which all living feline species belong, arose about ten to eleven million years ago and is divided into eight major phylogenetic lineages. The Felis lineage in particular is the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahya%20Rahmat-Samii | Yahya Rahmat-Samii (; born August 20, 1948) is the Northrop Grumman Chair Professor in Electromagnetics at the electrical engineering department at the University of California, Los Angeles, where he teaches and conducts research on microwave transmission and radio antennas. Rahmat-Samii received his Bachelor of Scienc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotic%20interchange | Biotic interchange is the process by which species from one biota invade another biota, usually due to the disappearance of a previously impassable barrier. These dispersal barriers can be physical, climatic, or biological and can include bodies of water or ice, land features like mountains, climate zones, or competit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLYWCH%20zinc%20finger | In molecular biology, the FLYWCH zinc finger is a zinc finger domain. It is found in a number of eukaryotic proteins. FLYWCH is a C2H2-type zinc finger characterised by five conserved hydrophobic residues, containing the conserved sequence motif:
F/Y-X(n)-L-X(n)-F/Y-X(n)-WXCX(6-12)CX(17-22)HXH where X indicates any ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quick%20Share | Quick Share is a wireless data transfer utility developed by Samsung Electronics. It comes with most Samsung Galaxy mobile devices and is also available for Windows. Quick Share utilises Bluetooth and Wi-Fi Direct to send files to nearby Galaxy and SmartThings devices, but it can also send to any other device anywhere ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Access-control%20list | In computer security, an access-control list (ACL) is a list of permissions associated with a system resource (object or facility). An ACL specifies which users or system processes are granted access to resources, as well as what operations are allowed on given resources. Each entry in a typical ACL specifies a subject... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortical%20thymic%20epithelial%20cells | Cortical thymic epithelial cells (cTECs) form unique parenchyma cell population of the thymus which critically contribute to the development of T cells.
Thymus tissue is compartmentalized into cortex and medulla and each of these two compartments comprises its specific thymic epithelial cell subset. cTECs reside in th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric%20diffraction | Atmospheric diffraction is manifested in the following principal ways:
Optical atmospheric diffraction
Radio wave diffraction is the scattering of radio frequency or lower frequencies from the Earth's ionosphere, resulting in the ability to achieve greater distance radio broadcasting.
Sound wave diffraction is the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smith%E2%80%93Minkowski%E2%80%93Siegel%20mass%20formula | In mathematics, the Smith–Minkowski–Siegel mass formula (or Minkowski–Siegel mass formula) is a formula for the sum of the weights of the lattices (quadratic forms) in a genus, weighted by the reciprocals of the orders of their automorphism groups. The mass formula is often given for integral quadratic forms, though it... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/123rd%20meridian%20west | The meridian 123° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
The 123rd meridian west forms a great circle with the 57th meridian east.
From Pole to Pole
Starting at the North... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oyster%20ice%20cream | Oyster ice cream is a flavor of ice cream with a savory taste. After being recorded in a 19th-century cookbook, then forgotten for the next two centuries, the ice cream flavor has been offered at a number of 21st-century oyster festivals.
History
The only historical source for oyster ice cream is found in Mary Randol... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformal%20connection | In conformal differential geometry, a conformal connection is a Cartan connection on an n-dimensional manifold M arising as a deformation of the Klein geometry given by the celestial n-sphere, viewed as the homogeneous space
O+(n+1,1)/P
where P is the stabilizer of a fixed null line through the origin in Rn+2, in the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QPPB | The QoS Policy Propagation via BGP, often abbreviated to QPPB, is a mechanism that allows propagation of quality of service (QoS) policy and classification by the sending party based on access lists, community lists, and autonomous system paths in the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), thus helping to classify based on des... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bappir | Bappir was a Sumerian twice-baked barley bread that was primarily used in ancient Mesopotamian beer brewing. Historical research done at Anchor Brewing Co. in 1989 (documented in Charlie Papazian's Home Brewer's Companion ()) reconstructed a bread made from malted barley and barley flour with honey, spices and water an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir-575%20microRNA%20precursor%20family | In molecular biology mir-575 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms.
See also
MicroRNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/168th%20meridian%20west | The meridian 168° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America, the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
The 168th meridian west forms a great circle with the 12th meridian east.
From Pole to Pole
Starting at the North... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cole%20nationale%20sup%C3%A9rieure%20des%20industries%20agricoles%20et%20alimentaires | The École Nationale Supérieure des Industries Agricoles et Alimentaires, or ENSIA, was a French grande école of agriculture, located in Massy, near Paris. It was affiliated to the Ministry of Agriculture.
The school was founded in 1893 and merged into AgroParisTech in 2006.
After initial training in food science and e... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MCI%20Communications | MCI Communications Corporation (originally Microwave Communications, Inc.) was a telecommunications company headquartered in Washington, D.C. that was at one point the second-largest long-distance provider in the United States.
MCI was instrumental in legal and regulatory changes that led to the breakup of the Bell Sy... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic%20hypercube | In mathematics, a magic hypercube is the k-dimensional generalization of magic squares and magic cubes, that is, an n × n × n × ... × n array of integers such that the sums of the numbers on each pillar (along any axis) as well as on the main space diagonals are all the same. The common sum is called the magic constan... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallelogram | In Euclidean geometry, a parallelogram is a simple (non-self-intersecting) quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides. The opposite or facing sides of a parallelogram are of equal length and the opposite angles of a parallelogram are of equal measure. The congruence of opposite sides and opposite angles is a direct... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical%20vapor%20deposition | Physical vapor deposition (PVD), sometimes called physical vapor transport (PVT), describes a variety of vacuum deposition methods which can be used to produce thin films and coatings on substrates including metals, ceramics, glass, and polymers. PVD is characterized by a process in which the material transitions from ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine/water%20paradox | The wine/water paradox is an apparent paradox in probability theory. It is stated by Michael Deakin as follows:
The core of the paradox is in finding consistent and justifiable simultaneous prior distributions for and .
Calculation
This calculation is the demonstration of the paradoxical conclusion when making use... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotubule | Neurotubules are microtubules found in neurons in nervous tissues. Along with neurofilaments and microfilaments, they form the cytoskeleton of neurons. Neurotubules are undivided hollow cylinders that are made up of tubulin protein polymers and arrays parallel to the plasma membrane in neurons. Neurotubules have an ou... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email%20spam | Email spam, also referred to as junk email, spam mail, or simply spam, is unsolicited messages sent in bulk by email (spamming). The name comes from a Monty Python sketch in which the name of the canned pork product Spam is ubiquitous, unavoidable, and repetitive. Email spam has steadily grown since the early 1990s, an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puppet-rearing | Puppet-rearing is a method of breeding birds in captivity for their reintroduction into the wild that consists of feeding chicks with puppets that simulate adults of their species to avoid direct contact with humans.
Through imprinting, birds associate the first care images with their parents. In artificial incubation... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphor | A phosphor is a substance that exhibits the phenomenon of luminescence; it emits light when exposed to some type of radiant energy. The term is used both for fluorescent or phosphorescent substances which glow on exposure to ultraviolet or visible light, and cathodoluminescent substances which glow when struck by an e... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctic%20bottom%20water | The Antarctic bottom water (AABW) is a type of water mass in the Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica with temperatures ranging from −0.8 to 2 °C (35 °F) and absolute salinities from 34.6 to 35.0 g/kg. As the densest water mass of the oceans, AABW is found to occupy the depth range below 4000 m of all ocean basins tha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atresia | Atresia is a condition in which an orifice or passage in the body is (usually abnormally) closed or absent.
Examples of atresia include:
Aural atresia (anotia), a congenital deformity where the ear canal is underdeveloped.
Biliary atresia, a condition in newborns in which the common bile duct between the liver and th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric%20Fence | For the physical barrier, see electric fence.
Electric Fence (or eFence) is a memory debugger written by Bruce Perens. It consists of a library which programmers can link into their code to override the C standard library memory management functions. eFence triggers a program crash when the memory error occurs, so a ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WALP%20peptide | WALP peptides are a class of synthesized, membrane-spanning α-helices composed of tryptophan (W), alanine (A), and leucine (L) amino acids. They are designed to study properties of proteins in lipid membranes such as orientation, extent of insertion, and hydrophobic mismatch.
Significance
The transmembrane region of m... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%20Bruijn%20index | In mathematical logic, the De Bruijn index is a tool invented by the Dutch mathematician Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn for representing terms of lambda calculus without naming the bound variables. Terms written using these indices are invariant with respect to α-conversion, so the check for α-equivalence is the same as tha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usenet | Usenet (), USENET, or "in full", User's Network, is a worldwide distributed discussion system available on computers. It was developed from the general-purpose Unix-to-Unix Copy (UUCP) dial-up network architecture. Tom Truscott and Jim Ellis conceived the idea in 1979, and it was established in 1980. Users read and pos... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronchi%20test | In optical testing a Ronchi test is a method of determining the surface shape (figure) of a mirror used in telescopes and other optical devices.
Description
In 1923 Italian physicist Vasco Ronchi published a description of the eponymous Ronchi test, which is a variation of the Foucault knife-edge test and which uses s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model%20airport | A model airport is a scale model of an airport.
While airport models have been around, in a way, since airfields were open to the public, early model airports were basically restricted to public showcases about the airport and its surroundings to the public; these were usually located inside the airport themselves.
Si... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharynx | The pharynx (: pharynges) is the part of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity, and above the esophagus and trachea (the tubes going down to the stomach and the lungs respectively). It is found in vertebrates and invertebrates, though its structure varies across species. The pharynx carries food to the esophagus... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic%20gamma%20function | In mathematics, the elliptic gamma function is a generalization of the q-gamma function, which is itself the q-analog of the ordinary gamma function. It is closely related to a function studied by , and can be expressed in terms of the triple gamma function. It is given by
It obeys several identities:
and
where θ is... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD4 | In molecular biology, CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4) is a glycoprotein that serves as a co-receptor for the T-cell receptor (TCR). CD4 is found on the surface of immune cells such as T helper cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. It was discovered in the late 1970s and was originally known as leu-3 an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tardiness%20%28scheduling%29 | In scheduling, tardiness is a measure of a delay in executing certain operations and earliness is a measure of finishing operations before due time. The operations may depend on each other and on the availability of equipment to perform them.
Typical examples include job scheduling in manufacturing and data delivery s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced%20Programming%20in%20the%20Unix%20Environment | Advanced Programming in the Unix Environment is a computer programming book by W. Richard Stevens describing the application programming interface of the UNIX family of operating systems. The book illustrates UNIX application programming in the C programming language.
The first edition of the book was published by Ad... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SnapStream | SnapStream is a privately held software company based in Houston, Texas, United States that focuses on building TV monitoring software for organizations in broadcast, government and education. Prior to developing TV Search, SnapStream was long recognized in the consumer world of HTPC for the creation of Beyond TV. Howe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazimierz%20Urbanik | Kazimierz Urbanik (February 5, 1930 – May 29, 2005) was a prominent member of the Polish School of Mathematics. He founded the journal Probability and Mathematical Statistics and served as rector of the University of Wrocław.
Early life and education
Urbanik was born in Krzemieniec and studied at the lyceum there. Dur... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven%20Strogatz | Steven Henry Strogatz (), born August 13, 1959, is an American mathematician and the Susan and Barton Winokur Distinguished Professor for the Public Understanding of Science and Mathematics at Cornell University.
He is known for his work on nonlinear systems, including contributions to the study of synchronization in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathymetric%20chart | A bathymetric chart is a type of isarithmic map that depicts the submerged topography and physiographic features of ocean and sea bottoms. Their primary purpose is to provide detailed depth contours of ocean topography as well as provide the size, shape and distribution of underwater features. Topographic maps display ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison%20of%20defragmentation%20software |
The following is a comparison of notable file system defragmentation software:
Notes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Databending | Databending (or data bending) is the process of manipulating a media file of a certain format, using software designed to edit files of another format. Distortions in the medium typically occur as a result, and the process is frequently employed in glitch art.
Process and techniques
The term databending is derived fro... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proline%20isomerization%20in%20epigenetics | In epigenetics, proline isomerization is the effect that cis-trans isomerization of the amino acid proline has on the regulation of gene expression. Similar to aspartic acid, the amino acid proline has the rare property of being able to occupy both cis and trans isomers of its prolyl peptide bonds with ease. Peptidyl-p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madukkarai%20Wall | The Madukkarai Wall is a historic border fortification demarcating the boundaries of the three ancient kingdoms of Chera, Chola, and Pandya. The wall was supposedly erected by the goddess Sellandiyamman and may have been built as early as the 1st century AD.
Historic border fortification
The Madukkarai wall is a stone... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape%20Modeling%20International | Shape Modeling International (SMI), also known as International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications is an annual symposium whose goal is to promote the dissemination of new mathematical theories and novel computational techniques for modeling, simulating, and processing digital shape representations. Initiat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antheraea%20pernyi | Antheraea pernyi, the Chinese (oak) tussar moth, Chinese tasar moth or temperate tussar moth, is a large moth in the family Saturniidae. The species was first described by Félix Édouard Guérin-Méneville in 1855. Antheraea roylei is an extremely close relative, and the present species might actually have evolved from an... |
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