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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KKAP | KKAP (channel 36) is a religious television station in Little Rock, Arkansas, United States, part of the Daystar Television Network. The station is owned and operated by the Community Television Educators subsidiary of Daystar holding company Word of God Fellowship, Inc. KKAP's studios are located on Shackelford Drive in the Beverly Hills section of Little Rock, and its transmitter is located on Shinall Mountain, near the Chenal Valley neighborhood of Little Rock.
History
The station first signed on the air in May 2001.
Technical information
Subchannel
Analog-to-digital conversion
Because it was granted an original construction permit after the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) finalized the DTV allotment plan on April 21, 1997, the station did not receive a companion channel for its digital signal. KKAP shut down its analog signal, over UHF channel 36, on June 12, 2009, and "flash-cut" its digital signal into operation UHF channel 36.
References
External links
Television channels and stations established in 2001
2001 establishments in Arkansas
KAP
Daystar Television Network affiliates |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KUTF | KUTF (channel 12) is a religious television station licensed to Logan, Utah, United States, serving the Salt Lake City area as an owned-and-operated station of the Daystar Television Network. The station's transmitter is located on Cal Mountain near Tremonton, Utah.
History
The channel 12 frequency in Logan previously belonged to KUSU-TV, a non-commercial educational station owned and operated by Utah State University which broadcast from 1964 to 1970. The KUTF calls were used previously from 1989 until 1992 for what is now KRCW-TV in Salem, Oregon, which serves the Portland market.
KUTF was founded June 9, 2000, by Equity Media Holdings and launched on January 1, 2001, as a Univision affiliate, then shifted to Univision's secondary network, TeleFutura (the current-day UniMás) in 2005. At one point, it was simulcast in Salt Lake City via low-power station K45GX in Salt Lake City. Equity co-managed the station with Provo-licensed KCBU (now KUTH-DT, channel 32), which was owned by Univision itself but operated by Equity.
KUTF was part of a lot of stations sold at auction to Daystar on April 16, 2009, along with sister station KCBU in Price, which originally operated as a KUTF simulcast but by 2005, took on several English-language networks operated by Equity. On the digital transition date of June 12, the station's analog transmitter went dark. Univision then purchased KUTH outright, and transitioned TeleFutura in the market to that station's second subchannel.
Daystar completed KUTF's digital facilities before the June 12, 2010, deadline to resume operations, and went on the air with Daystar programming on April 21. Daystar decided to pursue pay-TV coverage across Utah with KUTF rather than bring KCBU back on the air, and that station's license was canceled on July 6 of the same year.
Technical information
Analog-to-digital conversion
Because it was granted an original construction permit after the FCC finalized the DTV allotment plan on April 21, 1997, the station did not receive a companion channel for a digital television station. Instead, at the end of the digital TV conversion period for full-service stations, KUTF turned off its analog signal on June 12, 2009, and resumed broadcasting on the same channel with a digital signal (called a "flash-cut"), though it stayed dark until April 21, 2010, when Daystar activated its digital channel.
References
External links
Official website
Television channels and stations established in 2001
2001 establishments in Utah
UTF |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BioMOBY | BioMOBY is a registry of web services used in bioinformatics. It allows interoperability between biological data hosts and analytical services by annotating services with terms taken from standard ontologies. BioMOBY is released under the Artistic License.
The BioMOBY project
The BioMoby project began at the Model Organism Bring Your own Database Interface Conference (MOBY-DIC), held in Emma Lake, Saskatchewan on September 21, 2001. It stemmed from a conversation between Mark D Wilkinson and Suzanna Lewis during a Gene Ontology developers meeting at the Carnegie Institute, Stanford, where the functionalities of the Genquire and Apollo genome annotation tools were being discussed and compared. The lack of a simple standard that would allow these tools to interact with the myriad of data-sources required to accurately annotate a genome was a critical need of both systems.
Funding for the BioMOBY project was subsequently adopted by Genome Prairie (2002-2005), Genome Alberta (2005-date), in part through Genome Canada , a not-for-profit institution leading the Canadian X-omic initiatives.
There are two main branches of the BioMOBY project. One is a web-service-based approach, while the other utilizes Semantic Web technologies. This article will refer only to the Web Service specifications. The other branch of the project, Semantic Moby, is described in a separate entry.
Moby
The Moby project defines three Ontologies that describe biological data-types, biological data-formats, and bioinformatics analysis types. Most of the interoperable behaviours seen in Moby are achieved through the Object (data-format) and Namespace (data-type) ontologies.
The MOBY Namespace Ontology is derived from the Cross-Reference Abbreviations List of the Gene Ontology project. It is simply a list of abbreviations for the different types of identifiers that are used in bioinformatics. For example, Genbank has "gi" identifiers that are used to enumerate all of their sequence records - this is defined as "NCBI_gi" in the Namespace Ontology.
The MOBY Object Ontology is an ontology consisting of IS-A, HAS-A, and HAS relationships between data formats. For example, a DNASequence IS-A GenericSequence and HAS-A String representing the text of the sequence. All data in Moby must be represented as some type of MOBY Object. An XML serialization of this ontology is defined in the Moby API such that any given ontology node has a predictable XML structure.
Thus, between these two ontologies, a service provider and/or a client program can receive a piece of Moby XML, and immediately know both its structure, and its "intent" (semantics).
The final core component of Moby is the MOBY Central web service registry. MOBY Central is aware of the Object, Namespace and Service ontologies, and thus can match consumers who have in-hand Moby data, with service providers who claim to consume that data-type (or some compatible ontological data-type) or to perform a particular o |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KTMW | KTMW (channel 20) is a television station in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, broadcasting the Spanish-language Telemundo network to the state of Utah. Owned and operated by NBCUniversal's Telemundo Station Group, the station maintains studios are located on South Redwood Road in the northwestern section of Salt Lake City, and its transmitter is located on Farnsworth Peak in the Oquirrh Mountains, southwest of Salt Lake City.
KTMW's programming is relayed on three low-power digital translators: Class A stations KULX-CD (UHF channel 14) in Ogden and KEJT-CD (UHF channel 21) in Salt Lake City, and KULU-LD (UHF channel 16) in Park City.
History
The channel 20 allocation in Salt Lake City was originally occupied by KSTU (an independent station at the time, now a Fox affiliate) from 1978 to 1987. As part of a deal that was approved by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the KSTU intellectual unit moved to channel 13 in 1987 and currently operates under a separate license. The old channel 20 license was deleted; KTMW's license dates back to its filing on December 8, 1997. Alpha & Omega Broadcasting, former owners of KOOG (channel 30), was granted the license in 1998. KTMW signed on March 31, 2001, with a religious format. The station would run shows like The 700 Club, Joyce Meyer, James Robison, and others; the original meaning of the calls stood for "The Master's Way". It eventually affiliated with FamilyNet and ran its classic TV shows for about a third of the day.
On April 1, 2015, Alpha & Omega Communications filed an application to sell KTMW to Serestar Communications. It was approved by the FCC on August 13, 2015. The sale was completed on August 31, 2015.
On July 30, 2015, Airwaves, Inc. filed an application to sell KULX-CD and KULU-CD to Serestar, who immediately took over the station's operations through a time brokerage agreement (TBA). The sale was completed on October 7, 2015. Later that month, KTMW switched to Telemundo, simulcasting low-power sister station KULX-CD.
Serestar agreed to sell KTMW, KULX-CD, and KULU-CD to NBCUniversal on November 28, 2018, as part of a $21 million deal; that transaction closed on March 5, 2019. NBCUniversal already owned the KEJT-CD license, with Serestar operating it under a TBA that was terminated concurrent with the sale.
KEJT-CD was the second property in Utah to be owned by NBC as it previously owned KUTV (channel 2, now a CBS affiliate) until 1995 when it was sold to CBS alongside then-sister station KCNC-TV in Denver. KUTV is currently owned by the Sinclair Broadcast Group as of 2021.
Former original programming
When it was owned by Alpha & Omega Communications, KTMW's original programming had included:
Heart for the Lost with Andy Bird – a program that discusses Evangelism, Apologetics and Christ.
Heart of the Matter with Shawn McCraney – author of I Was a Born-Again Mormon and pastor of C.A.M.P.U.S (Christian Anarchists Meeting Prayerfully Understand Scripture), McCraney offe |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hatari%20%28emulator%29 | Hatari is an open-source emulator of the Atari ST 16/32-bit computer system family. It emulates the Atari ST, Atari STe, Atari TT, and Atari Falcon computer series and some corresponding peripheral hardware like joysticks, mouse, midi, printer, serial and floppy and hard disks. It supports more graphics modes than the ST and does not require an original TOS image as it supports EmuTOS. The latest version has no reported issues with the ST/STe/TT applications emulation compatibility and also most of the ST/STe games and demos work without issues.
Development
Hatari uses source code from several other emulators: WinSTon (Atari ST peripherals), UAE (Motorola 680x0 CPU), WinUAE (more accurate Motorola 68030 CPU + MMU), STonX (BLiTTER), ARAnyM (Motorola 56001 DSP, Videl, NVRAM).
Hatari uses the SDL library for graphics, is developed on Linux and has been ported to many OSes such as AmigaOS 4, AROS, BSD, BeOS, RISC OS, MorphOS, macOS, AmigaOS, Windows.
References
Further reading
External links
Hatari homepage
68k emulators
Amiga emulation software
Free emulation software
Linux emulation software
AmigaOS 4 software
MorphOS emulation software
AROS software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20XTALSOFT%20games | The following is a list of games developed or published by the defunct Japanese computer and video game company, XTALSOFT.
Sharp MZ-700
1983
Holy Sword
Hitachi S1
1985
Lizard
1986
Heart of Phantasm II (夢幻の心臓II)
NEC PC-6001
Dates Unknown
Holy Sword
Great Detective Appearance!
Lizard
Vandal
Earthbound
Aspic
UFO Attack
U-boat S.O.S.
Newton's Power
Green Beam
Red Zone Killer
Rush Hour Game
ドッグファイター
Wルービック パネル
レーザーワープ ゲーム
バイキン・ウォーズ
PC-6001mkII
1986
Aspic
NEC PC-8801
1983
Holy Sword
高速機動部隊
1984
Great Detective Appearance!
Ninja Residence
Grand Cross
白伝説
Lizard
1985
Fantasian
Heart of Phantasm II (夢幻の心臓II)
1986
Heart of Phantasm II (夢幻の心臓II)
Babylon
NEC PC-8801mkIISR
1987
Babylon
Crimson
Jehard
Mr. Professional Baseball
1988
Battle Gorilla
Advanced Fantasian
1989
Crimson II
1990
Heart of Phantasm III (夢幻の心臓III)
Crimson III
Dates Unknown
Fantasian
Lizard (computer game)
白伝説
Heart of Phantasm (夢幻の心臓)
Heart of Phantasm II (夢幻の心臓II)
NEC PC-98
1984
Heart of Phantasm (夢幻の心臓)
1986
Heart of Phantasm II (夢幻の心臓II)
Fujitsu FM-7
1983
Holy Sword
1984
Earthbound
Ninja Residence
Grand Cross
1986
Heart of Phantasm II (夢幻の心臓II)
Fujitsu FM-77AV
1986
Aspic
1987
Babylon
Fujitsu FM-8
1984
Ninja Residence
Sharp X1
1987
Aspic Special
Dates Unknown
Heart of Phantasm II (夢幻の心臓II)
MSX
1987
Bolu Fez and 5 Evil Spirits
MSX2
1989
Crimson II
1990
Crimson III
Famicom Disk System
1987
Sword of Kalin
1988
Aspic
Commodore 64
1989
Curse of Babylon
XTALSOFT |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph%20traversal | In computer science, graph traversal (also known as graph search) refers to the process of visiting (checking and/or updating) each vertex in a graph. Such traversals are classified by the order in which the vertices are visited. Tree traversal is a special case of graph traversal.
Redundancy
Unlike tree traversal, graph traversal may require that some vertices be visited more than once, since it is not necessarily known before transitioning to a vertex that it has already been explored. As graphs become more dense, this redundancy becomes more prevalent, causing computation time to increase; as graphs become more sparse, the opposite holds true.
Thus, it is usually necessary to remember which vertices have already been explored by the algorithm, so that vertices are revisited as infrequently as possible (or in the worst case, to prevent the traversal from continuing indefinitely). This may be accomplished by associating each vertex of the graph with a "color" or "visitation" state during the traversal, which is then checked and updated as the algorithm visits each vertex. If the vertex has already been visited, it is ignored and the path is pursued no further; otherwise, the algorithm checks/updates the vertex and continues down its current path.
Several special cases of graphs imply the visitation of other vertices in their structure, and thus do not require that visitation be explicitly recorded during the traversal. An important example of this is a tree: during a traversal it may be assumed that all "ancestor" vertices of the current vertex (and others depending on the algorithm) have already been visited. Both the depth-first and breadth-first graph searches are adaptations of tree-based algorithms, distinguished primarily by the lack of a structurally determined "root" vertex and the addition of a data structure to record the traversal's visitation state.
Graph traversal algorithms
Note. — If each vertex in a graph is to be traversed by a tree-based algorithm (such as DFS or BFS), then the algorithm must be called at least once for each connected component of the graph. This is easily accomplished by iterating through all the vertices of the graph, performing the algorithm on each vertex that is still unvisited when examined.
Depth-first search
A depth-first search (DFS) is an algorithm for traversing a finite graph. DFS visits the child vertices before visiting the sibling vertices; that is, it traverses the depth of any particular path before exploring its breadth. A stack (often the program's call stack via recursion) is generally used when implementing the algorithm.
The algorithm begins with a chosen "root" vertex; it then iteratively transitions from the current vertex to an adjacent, unvisited vertex, until it can no longer find an unexplored vertex to transition to from its current location. The algorithm then backtracks along previously visited vertices, until it finds a vertex connected to yet more uncharted territory. I |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing%20machine%20equivalents | A Turing machine is a hypothetical computing device, first conceived by Alan Turing in 1936. Turing machines manipulate symbols on a potentially infinite strip of tape according to a finite table of rules, and they provide the theoretical underpinnings for the notion of a computer algorithm.
While none of the following models have been shown to have more power than the single-tape, one-way infinite, multi-symbol Turing-machine model, their authors defined and used them to investigate questions and solve problems more easily than they could have if they had stayed with Turing's a-machine model.
Machines equivalent to the Turing machine model
Turing equivalence
Many machines that might be thought to have more computational capability than a simple universal Turing machine can be shown to have no more power. They might compute faster, perhaps, or use less memory, or their instruction set might be smaller, but they cannot compute more powerfully (i.e. more mathematical functions). (The Church–Turing thesis hypothesizes this to be true: that anything that can be "computed" can be computed by some Turing machine.)
The sequential-machine models
All of the following are called "sequential machine models" to distinguish them from "parallel machine models".
Tape-based Turing machines
Turing's a-machine model
Turing's a-machine (as he called it) was left-ended, right-end-infinite. He provided symbols əə to mark the left end. A finite number of tape symbols were permitted. The instructions (if a universal machine), and the "input" and "out" were written only on "F-squares", and markers were to appear on "E-squares". In essence he divided his machine into two tapes that always moved together. The instructions appeared in a tabular form called "5-tuples" and were not executed sequentially.
Single-tape machines with restricted symbols and/or restricted instructions
The following models are single tape Turing machines but restricted with (i) restricted tape symbols { mark, blank }, and/or (ii) sequential, computer-like instructions, and/or (iii) machine-actions fully atomised.
Post's "Formulation 1" model of computation
Emil Post in an independent description of a computational process, reduced the symbols allowed to the equivalent binary set of marks on the tape { "mark", "blank"=not_mark }. He changed the notion of "tape" from 1-way infinite to the right to an infinite set of rooms each with a sheet of paper in both directions. He atomised the Turing 5-tuples into 4-tuples—motion instructions separate from print/erase instructions. Although his 1936 model is ambiguous about this, Post's 1947 model did not require sequential instruction execution.
His extremely simple model can emulate any Turing machine, and although his 1936 Formulation 1 does not use the word "program" or "machine", it is effectively a formulation of a very primitive programmable computer and associated programming language, with the boxes acting as an unbounded bitstring me |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shawn-Douglas%20Brady | Shawn-Douglas Brady is a fictional character from Days of Our Lives, an American soap opera on the NBC network. He is the son of supercouple Bo Brady and Hope Williams, and one half of the supercouple Shawn Brady and Belle Black. Jason Cook portrayed the character from October 15, 1999, to September 22, 2006. Brandon Beemer played in the role from September 28, 2006, to March 21, 2008. In May 2015, Soap Opera Digest reported the character would be returning for the show's 50th anniversary, once again portrayed by Cook. On November 10, 2015, it was confirmed that Beemer would return to the role in 2016, replacing Cook again. In March 2016, it was revealed that Beemer along with three other actors were let go from the show. However, in May 2016, Daytime Confidential revealed that Beemer would again be returning to the show. Shawn then appeared for various stints of different lengths before rejoining the regular cast again in 2020. In October 2023, Beemer made an unannounced departure from the show; last airing on October 12, 2023.
Storylines
Born in 1987, Shawn is the son of supercouple, Bo and Hope Brady. Shortly after his birth, he leaves Salem with them; they return in 1990. However, tragedy strikes when his mother is presumed dead a few months later. That same year, Shawn falls into a pipe and loses his hearing. With his mother gone, Shawn and his father become close with Shawn's doctor and eventually Bo's fiancée, Carly Manning. When Bo and Carly's engagement ends, Shawn bonds with Bo's new girlfriend, Billie Reed, who later becomes Bo's wife. Then, Shawn's mother, Hope, returns to Salem. Although Hope does not know who she is at first, her memory returns and Bo and Hope reunite. Shawn eventually regains his hearing. At an early age, Shawn is kidnapped by Stefano DiMera, but escapes. In high school, Shawn competes with Philip Kiriakis for the romantic affections of both Belle Black and Chloe Lane. Shawn and Belle become a couple, while Philip and Chloe enjoy a brief romance. The following summer, Shawn and Belle join other teens from Salem High on an ill-fated trip to Puerto Rico. While hunting for Alice Horton's missing ruby, Shawn is caught up in Jan Spears's personal tragedy. She becomes pregnant after being raped while on the island, and Shawn offers to say he is the father to spare her any additional humiliation, tearing his relationship with Belle apart.
By the end of her senior year, Belle learns the truth, and the two are on the brink of reconciliation. However, impending college careers, the arrival of Rex and Cassie Brady, and old trust issues keep them apart. When Hope and Shawn's baby brother are kidnapped, it brings Belle and Shawn together on a mission to find them. However, Philip Kiriakis returns to Salem, and he and Belle are matched up on the dating show Love is Blind.
More trouble ensues when Jan Spears rears her devious head in Salem. Shawn leaves Salem distraught and confused by the revelation that Belle's mother, Marle |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodri%20Williams | Rhodri Ogwen Williams (born 10 May 1968) is a Welsh sports journalist from Barry, Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. He is currently employed by Qatar's Al-Kass Sports Channel and anchors the network's English-speaking studio.
TV career
Williams was a main presenter for Sky Sports News and was one of Sky Sports' main rugby presenters, hosting the Heineken Cup and Southern Hemisphere rugby including the Tri Nations, the National Provincial Championship in New Zealand and the Currie Cup in South Africa. He was sacked by Sky Sports in 2006 after tabloid revelations regarding his personal life.
He was the first presenter on L!VE TV (Britain's first 24-hour cable channel). In 1997, he was the quizmaster on L!VE TV's football quiz A Game of Two Scarves featuring fans and glamour models. He also hosted the station's talent show, Spanish Archer.
Williams was part of the launch of Channel 5 in the UK as one of the presenters of the channel's afternoon entertainment show 5's Company with Nick Knowles and John Barrowman. He has presented numerous programmes for the Welsh language channel S4C, and also presented Animal Hospital with Rolf Harris. In 2001, Williams appeared on Lily Savage's Blankety Blank.
He was the main rugby presenter for Setanta Sports and hosted various shows on Setanta Sports News. Williams presented ITV Wales' coverage of the 2007 Rugby World Cup.
In 2008, Williams was contracted by Al Jazeera Sports with whom he covered the 2008 Beijing Olympics and the 2011 AFC Asian Cup. He also presented the 2012 Al Kass International Cup. Later that year, he was hired full-time by Al Kass Sports Channel to host a segment known as QSL Review in an attempt to provide coverage of the Qatar Stars League to non-Arabic speakers.
Radio
Williams has been a presenter on national radio sports station talkSPORT, presenting the Kick-off programme on Thursday from 19:00 to 22:00 and The Sunday Session.
He has also presented radio shows for BBC Radio Wales and Radio Cymru.
Business interests
Away from the media, Williams owns three businesses in Cardiff.
Personal life
Williams is the son of the Welsh TV (S4C) weather presenter Jenny Ogwen. He was educated at Ysgol Gyfun Gymraeg Glantaf and South Glamorgan Institute of Higher Education.
References
External links
Rhodri Williams official website
Rhodri Williams Blog Imagine Golf
1968 births
Living people
British game show hosts
Welsh-language television presenters
Welsh radio presenters
Welsh television presenters
British sports journalists
Alumni of Cardiff University
People from Barry, Vale of Glamorgan |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Move%20%28company%29 | Move, Inc. is a real estate listing company based in Santa Clara, California. The company operates the Move Network of real estate websites, the largest of which is Realtor.com. Move has a longstanding partnership with the National Association of Realtors, the real estate industry's largest trade association, for operating Realtor.com.
Operations
Move was established in Delaware under the name InfoTouch Corporation in 1993. The company is based in Santa Clara, California, and operates Move.com and Realtor.com. Move owns the listing syndication and reporting platform ListHub. The company also operates Avail (following its acquisition in 2020), Doorsteps.com (following its acquisition in 2013), Moving.com, Relocation.com, and UpNest (following its acquisition in 2022).
Tracey Fellows was named acting chief executive officer (CEO) of Move and Realtor.com in June 2019. David Doctorow was named CEO in January 2020. Bryan Charap has served as chief financial officer since 2015. In 2020, Move named Mickey Neuberger chief marketing officer. In 2022, Bryan Ellis became chief revenue officer and Arthur Chapin became chief growth officer.
Doctorow was replaced by Damian Eales as CEO in 2023.}}"
History
Homestore
Stuart Wolff founded the online real estate company Homestore Inc. in 1996. He established a partnership with the National Association of Realtors, and his company, RealSelect Inc., operated Realtor.com. Under the agreement, the National Association of Realtors had a small stake in RealSelect.
The company went public as Homestore.com, Inc. in 1999, and was traded on the NASDAQ stock exchange. In October 2000, Homestore agreed to purchase Move.com from Cendant Corp. for $761 million in stock, leaving Cendant with a 15 percent stake. In 2001, Homestore operated the websites HomeBuilder.com, HomeFair.com, Realtor.com, HomeWrite.com, and SpringStreet.com, acquired HomeBid, and owned the software Top Producer as well as Wyldfyre technologies. In August, the company purchased iPlace Inc., for $150 million.
During the rise of the dot-com bubble, Wolff was convicted of insider trading and falsifying revenue results, and several additional executives received prison sentences for inflating earnings. Homestore's 2000 and 2001 financial reports required refiling, and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission investigated the company in 2002. Wolff's conviction was overturned on appeal in 2008, but he eventually plea bargained for a sentence of 3–5 years. Wolff resigned as CEO in January 2002, and was replaced by a new management team.
Homestore.com, Inc. changed its name to Homestore, Inc. in 2002, then rebranded as Move, Inc. in 2006. The company's stock symbol was changed from "HOMS" to "MOVE", and the Move.com website was launched in May 2006.
On February 22, 2006 Homestore, Inc. announced the acquisition of Moving.com from TMP Directional Marketing, LLC. Moving.com provides consumers with offers from qualified movers, truck rental, and self-sto |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pugwall | Pugwall is an Australian children's television series which first screened on the Nine Network in 1989. Based on Margaret Clark's young adult fiction novels of the same name, it revolves around the title character Peter Unwin George Wall, "PUGWALL", and his friends as they form a band. Season 2 was titled Pugwall's Summer.
Premise
After receiving an electric guitar on his 13th birthday, Pugwall and his friends, Bazza, Orfo, and Stringbean form a band, but they need a lead singer. Whilst in hospital after a bicycle accident, Pugwall meets a girl called Jenny, they become friends and he asks her if she can sing. She tells him she can and he asks her to join the band; she agrees and the Orange Organics is formed. Each episode follows Pugwall's trials and tribulations as he goes about his family life, and follows the band as they attempt to secure a recording contract with a record company.
The Orange Organics
Peter Unwin George Wall (Pugwall) – guitar and vocals
Jenny Fleet – lead vocals
Jeremy Bazlington (Bazza) – keyboard
Yuri Orfonsinski (Orfo) – drums
Stringbean – bass guitar
Character profiles
Pugwall
Pugwall (Jason Torrens) is a typical teenage boy, who dreams of being a rock-star and "earning a million dollars before breakfast". When he receives an electric guitar for his 13th birthday, he thinks his dreams are finally coming true, but his parents did not get him an amplifier. He forms a rock band with his friends and starts to raise money.
Jenny Fleet
Jenny (Rebecca Blomberg) meets Pugwall at the hospital at the end of the second episode after he is in an accident after dreaming of stardom while riding his bike. Jenny is a shy girl who finds herself having feelings for Pugwall, but does not know how to act on her feelings.
When Jenny and Pugwall met she was in a wheelchair, it is often hinted at in the show that her accident was due to a dark secret. This was somewhat confirmed towards the end of the series when Pugwall develops feelings for her.
Bazza
Bazza (Troy Beckwith) is the keyboard player in the band. His real name is Jeremy James Bazzlington. He has a younger brother, Jimmy. His father, Tony is frequently absent on business trips.
Orfo
Orfo (Jay McCormack) is the Organics' drummer and Pugwall's best friend. His real name is Yuri Orfonsinski and is of Russian descent and lives with his parents. The band rehearse in his garage much to the annoyance of his neighbour Mrs Walker. Orfo's father makes sparing appearances in the first season, while his mother, Anatasia, who often cooks a lot of food for the band, appears frequently in the second.
Stringbean
Stringbean (Ricky Fleming) is the band's bass guitarist. He gets his nickname because he is tall and thin. His parents run a farm, and Stringbean works there each morning "mucking out the stables". His real name is never revealed on the show, but his parents are listed on the end credits of one episode as Mr and Mrs Millard, and Bashem calls him "Millard" in class. Stringbean is |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Johnny%20Bravo%20episodes | Johnny Bravo is an American animated television series created by Van Partible for Cartoon Network. The series initially debuted as a trio of animated shorts on Cartoon Network's World Premiere Toons (later renamed What a Cartoon!), an animated shorts showcase that also featured potential series pilots from Genndy Tartakovsky (Dexter's Laboratory), Craig McCracken (The Powerpuff Girls), and Seth MacFarlane (The Life of Larry and Larry & Steve and Family Guy). What a Cartoon! premiered the first Johnny Bravo short on March 26, 1995. After a full series was greenlit by Cartoon Network, the shorts were later incorporated as the first episode of the show's first season, which premiered on the channel on July 7, 1997. Following a change in the main character's theme from being a womanizing Elvis impersonator to a brawny halfwit, the series entered its second season, which premiered on July 2, 1999. Partible left the series after the first season, but he returned for its fourth, which premiered on February 20, 2004, and ended on August 27, 2004.
Series overview
Episodes
Season 1 (1995–97)
The first three segments aired as part of World Premiere Toons, later renamed What a Cartoon!. They all later incorporated into the show's first season as the first episode.
Season 2 (1999–2000)
Season 3 (2000–02)
Season 4 (2004)
Specials (2001–2004)
India special (2009)
References
External links
Lists of American children's animated television series episodes
Lists of Cartoon Network television series episodes
Johnny Bravo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruise%20Chaser%20Blassty | is a science fiction role-playing video game developed by Square for various Japanese computers, including the NEC PC-8801, PC-9801, and Sharp X1. The game featured mecha originally designed by Mika Akitaka and musical contributions by Nobuo Uematsu, being the very first video game he wrote music for. The game had an unusual battle system, which involved the player controlling a customizable mecha robot from a first-person view. It followed a group of young people from Earth caught up in a war between a solar-system spanning government and a group of rebels. After release, the game's story was adapted to a manga and serialized, then released as a pair of standalone books. The manga received a sequel, though the game itself did not.
Gameplay
The game is played through a first-person perspective, with a role-playing battle system and the ability to customize the player's mecha. The bottom of the screen shows various gauges and power levels of the mecha's systems, while the majority of the screen shows the current view of the mecha. The player flies the mecha through space, coming across groups of enemy spaceships. Battle in these cases is handled through a series of text boxes, in which the player decides how much of their available power to spend on an attack, and then the results of the attack are displayed. When the player encounters an enemy mecha instead, the main screen is split into two, with each half showing either the player or enemy mecha. The player selects their attack type via a menu, and simple animations play out on each half of the screen, one at a time, to show the attack and the results.
Plot
The game's story focuses on a group of young people from Earth caught up in a war between a group of rebels and a government controlling the solar system. The game is set in the future, where the majority of humanity is ruled by a group, called the Commune, that lives giant space station named Ondina orbiting the Earth, which oversees the development and expansion of humanity throughout the solar system. A group of rebels called the Inverse, based on Mars, are rebelling against what they see as an oppressive government. The primary weapons in the fight are space fighters called Cruise Chasers, which can transform into giant robots using the "Blassty" system; other types of space fighters are also used. The player may choose whether the Inverse or the Commune win, giving the game two different endings.
Development
The game was designed and written by Hironobu Sakaguchi and Kazuhiko Aoki. The graphics were made by Hiromi Nakata and Bruno Miki, and the original designs for the mecha were done by Mika Akitaka. The programming for the game was done by Shun Saigusa for the PC-8801 version, Makoto Wakamatsu for the PC-9801 version, and Takashi Koyama for the X1 version. Project EGG, a licensed emulator for home computer games, included Cruise Chaser Blassty in its limited edition "Classic PC-Game Collection" on September 8, 2013, alongside The D |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20CW%20Daytime | The CW Daytime was the unofficial branding for an afternoon programming block that was broadcast on The CW. It was originally branded as Daytime WB, which aired on one of its predecessors, The WB, from January 2, 2006 to September 15, 2006. The CW programmed the block from September 18, 2006 until September 3, 2021.
Officially, the network preferred affiliates to air the program featured from 3:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m. in each time zone, though some affiliates aired it in differing timeslots, mainly stations with much more successful afternoon schedules with other programming which found The CW's hour stunted their ratings. The CW Plus stations in the Central and Mountain Time Zones also aired the show an hour earlier or later, depending on the local time zone.
In the fall of 2021, The CW expanded to a seven-night-a-week schedule with the addition of two hours on Saturday evenings. In exchange, the network returned the weekday hour of programming to its affiliates, ending a combined 26-year commitment between The WB and The CW to daytime programming.
History
Origins
The CW Daytime originated as a block on The WB called Daytime WB, which launched on January 2, 2006. The block's creation traces back to the former holder of its timeslot, Kids' WB, which began sharing several of its programs with the animation-oriented Cartoon Network following the Turner Broadcasting System's 1996 merger with Time Warner. Cartoon Network soon began to compete in-house with their Toonami block, and later, Miguzi in 2004. Additional competition in the afternoon timeslot from Paramount's Nickelodeon and Disney Channel soon pushed out Kids' WB's prime broadcast competitor, Fox Kids, from weekdays, and the complications of broadcast regulations on children's programming soon had netlet stations pushing for different options to retain advertising revenue, including from The WB. This mainly included broad-appeal programming such as talk shows and sitcom reruns, and The WB's affiliate base began agitating to move away from weekday children's programming.
On May 31, 2005, The WB announced the discontinuation of the weekday Kids' WB block effective at the end of the year on December 31. Kids' WB continued to air weekdays after this, but with a more obvious push of its existing audience towards Miguzi and the Saturday morning Kids' WB lineup during the transition. After Daytime WB debuted, Kids' WB's Saturday block was expanded by one hour, running from 7:00 a.m. to noon in all time zones.
Move to The CW
The block moved to The CW, which replaced The WB in its merger with UPN on September 18, 2006, under the unofficial brand The CW Daytime. On-air promotions for the afternoon block (which aired quite rarely) did not refer to the block by a formal brand name. The only description given by the network's website in the past was that it was a "Monday-Friday afternoon block from 3:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. (ET/PT)".
In the 2010s, the majority of The CW's stations aired NBCUniversal |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command%20mode%20and%20Data%20mode | Command mode and Data mode refers to the two modes in which a computer modem may operate. These modes are defined in the Hayes command set, which is the de facto standard for all modems. These modes exist because there is only one channel of communication between the modem and the computer, which must carry both the computer's commands to the modem, as well as the data that the modem is enlisted to transmit to the remote party over the telephone line.
When a modem is in command mode, any characters sent to it are interpreted as commands for the modem to execute, per the Hayes command set. A command is preceded by the letters 'AT', which stand for 'Attention'. For example, if a modem receives 'ATDT5551212' while in the command mode, it interprets that as an instruction to dial the numbers 5551212 on the telephone, using touch-tone dialing. During a command mode operation, the modem may send responses back to the computer indicating the outcome of the command. For example, the modem may respond with the word "BUSY" in response to the ATDT command, if it hears a busy signal after dialing and is configured to listen for busy signals.
Any communication in command mode (in both directions) is terminated by a carriage return.
When a modem is in data mode, any characters sent to the modem are intended to be transmitted to the remote party. The modem enters data mode immediately after it makes a connection. For example, if ATDT5551212 resulted in a phone call that was answered by another computer modem, the modem would report the word "CONNECT" and then switch to data mode. Any further characters received over the serial link are deemed to be from the remote party, and any characters sent are transmitted to the remote party.
When a voice-capable modem is in "voice data" mode, any data sent to the modem is interpreted as audio data to be played over the phone line, rather than character bytes to be transmitted digitally to the other party.
Switching between modes
Modems always start out in command mode when powered up. Here are the ways a modem can switch to data mode:
After a successful dial-out connection in response to an "ATD" dial command in which the modem reaches another modem.
After answering the phone with the "ATA" answer command, if another modem is on the other end.
After answering the phone automatically for some pre-configured reason (such as auto-answer), and connecting to another modem. (Almost all modems support auto-answering when given the command "ATS0=1".)
After being given the "ATO" (that's three letters A-T-Oh, not A-T-zero) command after being put back in the command mode with an escape sequence (see below).
In response to similar dialing or connecting commands for fax or voice communications.
Modems switch back into command mode from data mode for the following reasons:
The connection got broken (for example, the other party hung up).
The computer issued an escape command, which is usually a 1-second pause, then th |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft%20Forefront | Microsoft Forefront is a discontinued family of line-of-business security software by Microsoft Corporation. Microsoft Forefront products are designed to help protect computer networks, network servers (such as Microsoft Exchange Server and Microsoft SharePoint Server) and individual devices. As of 2015, the only actively developed Forefront product is Forefront Identity Manager.
Components
Forefront includes the following products:
Identity Manager: State-based identity management software product, designed to manage users' digital identities, credentials and groupings throughout the lifecycle of their membership of an enterprise computer system
Rebranded
System Center Endpoint Protection: A business antivirus software product that can be controlled over the network, formerly known as Forefront Endpoint Protection, Forefront Client Security and Client Protection.
Exchange Online Protection: A software as a service version of Forefront Protect for Exchange Server: Instead of installing a security program on the server, the customer re-routes its email traffic to the Microsoft online service before receiving them.
Discontinued
Threat Management Gateway: Discontinued server product that provides three functions: Routing, firewall and web cache. Formerly called Internet Security and Acceleration Server or ISA Server.
Unified Access Gateway: Discontinued server product that protects network assets by encrypting all inbound access request from authorized users. Supports Virtual Private Networks (VPN) and DirectAccess. Formerly called Intelligent Application Gateway.
Server Management Console: Discontinued web-based application that enables management of multiple instances of Protection for Exchange, Protection for SharePoint and Microsoft Antigen from a single interface.
Protection for Exchange: A discontinued software product that detects viruses, spyware, and spam by integrating multiple scanning engines from security partners in a single solution to protect Exchange messaging environments. FPE provides an administration console that includes customizable configuration settings, filtering options, monitoring features and reports, and integration with the Forefront Online Protection for Exchange (FOPE) product. After installation, managing FPE on multiple Exchange servers can be done with the Protection Server Management Console. Additionally, FPE can be managed using Windows PowerShell, a command-line shell and task-based scripting technology that enables the automation of system administration tasks.
Protection for SharePoint: A discontinued product that protects Microsoft SharePoint Server document libraries. It enforces rules that prevent documents containing malware, sensitive information, or out-of-policy content from being uploaded. Protection Server Management Console or Windows PowerShell can be used to manage Protection for SharePoint Server on multiple servers.
Security for Office Communications Server: Protects computers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayne%20Bentson | Wayne C. Bentson is a businessman and tax protester from Payson, Arizona.
Bentson operated Western Information Network and the Bentson Group until May 1997. He represented himself as a tax expert and told his clients that they did not need to pay federal income tax.
Benston helped Milton William Cooper research the article BATF/IRSCriminal Fraud which was published in Veritas magazine, issue #6, in September 1995.
According to the United States Department of Justice, Bentson was accused of falsely advising clients that the federal income tax laws apply only "to individuals residing in the Virgin Islands, Guam, and Puerto Rico" or federal lands where the federal government has jurisdiction. Bentson was convicted of conspiracy to defraud the United States and willful failure to file personal federal income tax returns by a federal jury on December 13, 2004 in Tucson, Arizona. On May 18, 2005, he was sentenced to four years in prison and three years of "supervised release during which he is barred from giving tax advice." He was ordered to pay $1,129,937 to the Internal Revenue Service in restitution.
Bentson was incarcerated at the Federal Community Corrections facility at Phoenix, Arizona, and was released in May 2008.
Notes
References
"Jury finds 'tax man' guilty of fraud" by Kelly Crowley, Payson Roundup, December 28, 2004, retrieved August 4, 2006
Living people
American people convicted of fraud
American people convicted of tax crimes
Tax protesters in the United States
Year of birth missing (living people) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NO%20CARRIER | NO CARRIER (capitalized) is a text message transmitted from a modem to its attached device (typically a computer), indicating the modem is not (or no longer) connected to a remote system.
NO CARRIER is a response message that is defined in the Hayes command set. Due to the popularity of Hayes modems during the heyday of dial-up connectivity, most other modem manufacturers supported the Hayes command set. For this reason, the NO CARRIER message was ubiquitously understood to mean that one was no longer connected to a remote system.
Carrier tone
A carrier tone is an audio carrier signal used by two modems to suppress echo cancellation and establish a baseline frequency for communication. When the answering modem detects a ringtone on the phone line, it picks up that line and starts transmitting a carrier tone. If it does not receive data from the calling modem within a set amount of time, it disconnects the line. The calling modem waits for the tone after it dials the phone line before it initiates data transmission. If it does not receive a carrier tone within a set amount of time, it will disconnect the phone line and issues the NO CARRIER message.
The actual data is transmitted from the answering modem to the calling modem via modulation of the carrier.
Practical meaning
The NO CARRIER message is issued by a modem for any of the following reasons:
A dial (ATD) or answer (ATA) command did not result in a successful connection to another modem, and the reason wasn't that the line was BUSY (a separately defined message).
A dial or answer command was aborted while in progress. The abort can be triggered by the computer receiving a keypress to abort or the computer dropping the Data Terminal Ready (DTR) signal to hang up.
A previously established data connection has ended (either at the attached computer's command, or as a result of being disconnected from the remote end), and the modem has now gone from the data mode to the command mode.
Current use
As modems have progressed to pack more bits per second over a telephone line, the specific implementation involves modulating on other than the audio-frequency carrier (particularly on digital modems that connect via ISDN or cellular networks), the message NO CARRIER remains consistent for the sake of compatibility.
Linux's network stack uses the NO CARRIER status for a network interface that is turned on ("up") but cannot be connected because the physical layer is not operating properly, e.g. because an ethernet cable is not plugged in.
As Internet slang
The NO CARRIER message can be used at the end of a sentence for humorous purposes in Internet messages and forum posts, signifying that the person typing the message was suddenly cut off. This joke may mean that the typist was writing something excessively boring or illogical, or something the authorities (usually either the government or the site moderators) would supposedly want to suppress. Alternatively, it may imply they were simply a v |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda%20I-SHIFT | The Honda I-SHIFT is a 6-speed automated manual transmission (a type of transmission with a hydraulic computer-controlled clutch). Honda's I-SHIFT only debuted recently on the European market Honda Civic hatchback, pairing it with the 1.4 i-VTEC and 1.8 i-VTEC engines. Honda Jazz United Kingdom, January 2010 - January 2011, 1.4 i-VTEC, replaced by updated CVT transmission from February 2011.
See also
Automated manual transmission
Multimode manual transmission
References
I
Automotive technology tradenames |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elxsi | Elxsi Corporation was a minicomputer manufacturing company established in the late 1970s in Silicon Valley, US, along with a host of competitors (Trilogy Systems, Sequent, Convex Computer). The Elxsi processor was an Emitter Coupled Logic (ECL) design that featured a 50-nanosecond clock, a 25-nanosecond back panel bus, IEEE floating-point arithmetic and a 64-bit architecture. It allowed multiple processors to communicate over a common bus called the Gigabus, believed to be the first company to do so. The operating system was a message-based operating system called EMBOS. The Elxsi CPU was a microcoded design, allowing custom instructions to be coded into microcode.
History
Elxsi was founded in 1979 by Joe Rizzi (previously a manager at Intersil) and Thampy Thomas (who would go on to found NexGen Microsystems). It is believed that Elxsi was the first startup founded by an Indian in Silicon Valley. Much of the architecture of the Elxsi machine was designed by former Stanford University professors Len Shar and Balasubrimanian Kumar. Another key contributor to the design was Harold (Mac) McFarland, who was also a key designer on the team that created the PDP-11. George Taylor (on the IEEE standard committee and a student of UC Berkeley Professor William Kahan) provided a key design for the IEEE floating-point unit.
Elxsi was bought out by Gene Amdahl in 1985 with money that was leftover from the Trilogy venture. Venture investors in Elxsi included Tata Group (India) and Arthur Rock. In 1989, however, Elxsi left the computer business because of the general shift away from the use of mainframes in the global computer industry and the advent of the personal computer. The Tata Group kept the name Tata Elxsi but it now belongs to the Tata group of companies.
The original Elxsi Corporation, however, remained in business as a going concern. In 1989, the company sold its computer maintenance business to National Computer Systems. In 1991, the company entered two entirely different lines of business: restaurants and sewer inspection equipment. ELXSI is still engaged in these businesses, as well as its CUES unit, which makes video pipeline inspection equipment.
Before its withdrawal from the computer industry, the large range of hardware expansion gave the machine some success in departmental technical computing environments. The 64-bit registers and ability to do parallel adds within them gave it an unanticipated advantage in COBOL benchmarks, where it outperformed some mainframes. And the extreme independence of the CPUs (lack of cache snooping and invalidation), coupled with the ability to lock processes into register sets and later, the ability to partition the caches, gave it some success in real-time applications.
Hardware
The machine was a mini-supercomputer: a category of computers that was larger than a VAX 11/780 and smaller than a mainframe. This market segment disappeared as high-end microprocessor-based systems became more powerful.
T |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jen%20Handley | Jen Handley is a fictional character from the Australian television soap opera Neighbours, played by Alyce Platt. Jen was introduced at a time when Network Ten was working to relaunch the serial with the addition of new characters and sexier storylines to improve ratings. She made her first on-screen appearance on 14 February 1995. Jen is portrayed as an easy-going, fun loving medical student. Jen embarks upon a relationship with widower Philip Martin (Ian Rawlings), who gives her much-needed stability in her life. Her brother, Luke Handley (Bernard Curry), was later introduced to the series. Platt believed a storyline in which Jen is asked to donate a kidney to her cousin was a turning point for the character, as it gave her her own identity beyond a supporting role. Jen's final scenes aired on 6 March 1996. Platt later returned to Neighbours as an unrelated character, Olivia Bell, in 2012, 2020 and 2021.
Casting
In December 1994, Rachel Browne of The Sun-Herald reported Platt had joined the cast of Neighbours as Jen Handley, a mature age medical student. Platt's introduction coincided with Network Ten's relaunch of the soap. The network decided to add new faces and sexier storylines in a bid to improve ratings. Jen was Platt's first full-time screen part since she left Sons and Daughters in 1985. The actress revealed she found getting back into the "swing of acting" a tough challenge and she was dissatisfied with her early performance. Platt's first scenes as Jen began airing from early 1995.
Development
Jen is described as being easy-going, laid back and fun loving. Jen's university friend, Cody Willis (Peta Brady) introduces her to widower Philip Martin (Ian Rawlings). Jen likes Philip, but she finds it a struggle to get him to go out with her. Philip cannot believe Jen is interested in him and he thinks that she simply feels sorry for him because he is a single father. Philip then embarks on a series of random dates, which makes Jen determined to win him over. Jen eventually persuades Philip to go out with her and they begin a "passionate" relationship. Platt told a writer for Inside Soap that she found her kissing scenes with Rawlings easy as they were co-stars in Sons and Daughters together. Platt also revealed Jen would undergo a personality change due to her relationship with Philip. She explained "Unlike me, Jen is quite an unstable person, but Philip provides the much-needed stability in her life. He's very different to every other guy that she's ever been out with and that's part of the attraction for her." Platt also added that she was concerned for her character's future, saying Jen was not a trailblazer in terms of storylines and it felt like she was just there for the benefit of Philip, with no identity of her own.
Jen manages to befriend Philip's daughter, Hannah (Rebecca Ritters), by acting as her confidant, rather than a replacement for her late mother. Jen's "moody" brother Luke (Bernard Curry) later arrives in Ramsay Stree |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XYZnetworks | XYZnetworks was an Australian media company that owned, operated and distributed eleven subscription television channels in Australia. XYZnetworks was jointly owned by Foxtel and Austar. Based in Sydney, they had roughly 170 employees, with offices in North Ryde.
Some of the channels owned by XYZnetworks included:
Arena
Channel [V]
Country Music Channel
MAX
The LifeStyle Channel and LifeStyle HD (a high definition simulcast)
LifeStyle Food
LifeStyle Home
LifeStyle You
The Weather Channel Australia
[V] Hits (formerly Channel [V]2 and Club [V]).
XYZnetworks also distributed Discovery Channel and jointly owned Nickelodeon and Nick Jr. XYZ operated Arena until 1 October 2007, when it became a channel wholly operated by parent company Foxtel, with XYZ still owning the channel.
On 24 May 2012, Foxtel and Austar merged resulting in Foxtel wholly owning XYZ Networks, resulting in Foxtel closing XYZ and moving all channels to Foxtel Networks.
References
External links
Official website
Television broadcasting companies of Australia
Mass media companies disestablished in 2012
Defunct broadcasting companies of Australia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convention%20on%20Cybercrime | The Convention on Cybercrime, also known as the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime or the Budapest Convention, is the first international treaty seeking to address Internet and computer crime (cybercrime) by harmonizing national laws, improving investigative techniques, and increasing cooperation among nations. It was drawn up by the Council of Europe in Strasbourg, France, with the active participation of the Council of Europe's observer states Canada, Japan, the Philippines, South Africa and the United States.
The Convention and its Explanatory Report was adopted by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe at its 109th Session on 8 November 2001. It was opened for signature in Budapest, on 23 November 2001 and it entered into force on 1 July 2004. As of April 2023, 68 states have ratified the convention, while a further two states (Ireland and South Africa) have signed the convention but not ratified it.
Since it entered into force, important countries like India have declined to adopt the Convention on the grounds that they did not participate in its drafting. Russia opposes the Convention, stating that adoption would violate Russian sovereignty, and has usually refused to cooperate in law enforcement investigations relating to cybercrime. It is the first multilateral legally binding instrument to regulate cybercrime. Since 2018, India has been reconsidering its stand on the Convention after a surge in cybercrime, though concerns about sharing data with foreign agencies remain.
On 1 March 2006, the Additional Protocol to the Convention on Cybercrime came into force. Those States that have ratified the additional protocol are required to criminalize the dissemination of racist and xenophobic material through computer systems, as well as threats and insults motivated by racism or xenophobia.
The United Nations is developing an alternative treaty on cybercrime.
Objectives
The Convention is the first international treaty on crimes committed via the Internet and other computer networks, dealing particularly with infringements of copyright, computer-related fraud, child pornography, hate crimes, and violations of network security. It also contains a series of powers and procedures such as the search of computer networks and lawful interception.
Its main objective, set out in the preamble, is to pursue a common criminal policy aimed at the protection of society against cybercrime, especially by adopting appropriate legislation and fostering.
The Convention aims principally at:
Harmonizing the domestic criminal substantive law elements of offenses and connected provisions in the area of cyber-crime
Providing for domestic criminal procedural law powers necessary for the investigation and prosecution of such offenses as well as other offenses committed by means of a computer system or evidence in relation to which is in electronic form
Setting up a fast and effective regime of international cooperation
The following offenses are de |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color%20Dark%20Castle | Color Dark Castle is the first computer game in the Dark Castle series developed after the rights were sold from Silicon Beach Software to Delta Tao in 1994. This game is essentially a remake of the original Dark Castle, in color. Delta Tao reported that they had to redo all the code from scratch (the original Dark Castle was written in assembly language); also, they added new rooms, a new difficulty, and an alleged "Secret Level". Since this is a remake, the sequel to it would be Beyond Dark Castle. Another color version of Dark Castle was announced in 2000, titled Return to Dark Castle. As of 2007, the game was finished by Z Sculpt Entertainment, and was made available by spring of 2008.
Features
Although Color Dark Castle featured almost identical gameplay to Dark Castle, being a remake, Delta Tao also added a few of their own things, such as a new difficulty "Novice" for beginner players, eliminating some of the harder levels in the game and having fewer monsters. Also, the great hall's door setup was static, as opposed to the random setup of the original. There was a new "Secret level" added, it was accessed by hitting 4 spots hidden throughout the game, without dying. They added a save system that allows one save, that can be saved, or loaded from the great hall.
Inside Mac Games complimented Color Dark Castle for including the rooms from the original Dark Castle while also including new elements such as additional rooms that had the effect of making the game come out even better than the original.
Story
The evil Black Knight terrorizes the townspeople, our hero Prince Duncan decides to topple his throne, but in order to do that, he must travel to the four sections of the castle: Fireball, Shield, Trouble, and Black Knight.
After collecting the Fireball, and Shield, Duncan makes his way to The Black Knight's Throne room, where he topples the Black Knight's Throne. On Novice, Beginner, and Intermediate the Black Knight stands up shaking his fist, as a gargoyle takes Duncan to Trouble 3. On advanced The Black Knight's throne falls off the bottom of the screen, while Duncan dances, and it fades out.
Remakes
At the end of the credits, the game states: "Watch out next year for Beyond Dark Castle," but this planned release was dropped due to the announcement of Return to Dark Castle, which is a sequel to Beyond Dark Castle in full color, including all the levels from Dark Castle and Beyond Dark Castle. It was ultimately released on March 14, 2008 and was developed by Z Sculpt.
A remake of the original version for mobile was released in 2006. It is developed by Super Happy Fun Fun and published by Bandai. It contains slightly remade level designs, as well as updated color graphics.
References
External links
Delta Tao Software Creators of Color Dark Castle
Dark Castle links at Z Sculpt A collection of links including the official forum (where players can chat with Zack Black and Zack Morris of Z Sculpt, the developers of Return to Dar |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Zenith%20Angle | The Zenith Angle is a science fiction novel by American writer Bruce Sterling, first published in 2004, about a pioneering expert in computer and network security with a traditional hacker personality named Derek Vandeveer. His life irrevocably changes after the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center.
Plot summary
Derek "Van" Vandeveer is a young, well respected, computer scientist. He is rich with stock options and heady with his own success when his whole world is suddenly and forever changed as the planes begin crashing into the World Trade Center. Within months his fortune is gone to an Enron-like scandal, and his wife and son have moved west to work on a new telescope being developed by a billionaire entrepreneur.
Van is recruited into a nascent wing of the government, working on the outside of the main bureaucracy to vastly improve the security of government systems. His ingenious design gains him even more respect from his peers, but as the project continues Van goes through personality changes, becoming more paranoid and simultaneously more patriotic. Without the psychological aid of the money and nice house of his former company, he even begins to question whether he really is a computer scientist or just an over-glorified technician.
The novel comes to a head as Van is asked to look into the reason a multibillion-dollar pork project spy satellite is failing in space. The bureaucracy, thinking that he will fail in this endeavor, hopes to use it to discredit his boss and him and put an end to their power climb in Washington. Van discovers the problem and through a covert military-like attack on the source, puts an end to it.
Themes
Bruce Sterling touches on many of his current interests during the course of this techno-thriller. Environmentally friendly design, the dot-com bomb, Bollywood, computer and network security, and the ubiquitous fiber-optic cable.
External links
"Beyond the Beyond" Bruce Sterling's current weblog
Review of The Zenith Angle of sfreviews.net
Review on scifi.com
2004 American novels
2004 science fiction novels
Novels by Bruce Sterling
American science fiction novels |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elgin%20and%20Belvidere%20Electric%20Company | The Elgin and Belvidere Electric Company was a interurban line that connected Belvidere, Illinois and Elgin, Illinois. It was the central link in the interurban network connecting Freeport, Rockford, Elgin, and Chicago which included the Rockford and Interurban Railway to the west and the Chicago, Aurora and Elgin Railroad to the east. The line was operational from 1907 until 1930. In 1927, the line was extended to Rockford over a line of the Rockford and Interurban.
History
The Elgin and Belvidere Electric Company was incorporated March 11, 1905. Bion J. Arnold acquired the railroad after it went into financial difficulties during construction in 1906. His company, The Arnold Company, designed and built the power generating stations and the overhead structure for the railway, and had largely been paid in railway securities. Construction of the line was completed in 1906, however it did not enter service until February 2, 1907.
Arnold used the railroad as a proving ground for pioneering designs; the first automatic substation was on the line at Union and the railroad was one of a handful to use gasoline generators to generate electric power. Its rolling stock consisted of standard wooden interurban cars which typically ran in short one- to three-car trains on hourly intervals. Arnold himself was heavily involved in the line's construction and management, and at one point operated the cars himself during a strike.
On May 1, 1927, the Elgin and Belvidere Electric was sold to Milton Ellis and his associates, owners of the Rockford and Interurban and the local Rockford trolley lines. A new company, the Elgin, Belvidere and Rockford Railway, was formed and the Rockford to Belvidere line of the Rockford and Interurban Railway was transferred to it. Bion Arnold remained as manager and president of the new company.
Closing
The railroad was never particularly profitable, with a rate of return of about 2% in its best years. On March 10, 1930, the railroad ceased operations due to competition from the parallel Chicago and North Western Railway and from the automobile, after the paving of nearby US 20. For a time the railroad sat moribund, with the cars stored at the shops in Marengo, until Arnold scrapped the line himself in the mid to late 1930s.
Preservation
The Illinois Railway Museum acquired of the abandoned right of way through a delinquent tax sale east of Union in 1956. The museum currently operates trains over this section of the line during the summer as part of its demonstration railroad.
The exterior of the interurban rail station at 202 E. State Street in Cherry Valley remains basically intact, and is now home to the administrative offices of the Cherry Valley Fire Protection District.
There is a remaining concrete arch bridge spanning the Kishwaukee River east of Belvidere. Its preservation seems likely due to sturdy construction and lack of scrap value, making removal unprofitable.
Huntley-Union-Marengo Trail
In 2006, the McHe |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming%20by%20permutation | Programming by permutation, sometimes called "programming by accident" or "shotgunning", is an approach to software development wherein a programming problem is solved by iteratively making small changes (permutations) and testing each change to see if it behaves as desired. This approach sometimes seems attractive when the programmer does not fully understand the code and believes that one or more small modifications may result in code that is correct.
This tactic is not productive when:
There is lack of easily executed automated regression tests with significant coverage of the codebase:
a series of small modifications can easily introduce new undetected bugs into the code, leading to a "solution" that is even less correct than the starting point
Without Test Driven Development it is rarely possible to measure, by empirical testing, whether the solution will work for all or significant part of the relevant cases
No Version Control System is used (for example GIT, Mercurial or SVN) or it is not used during iterations to reset the situation when a change has no visible effect
many false starts and corrections usually occur before a satisfactory endpoint is reached
in the worst case, the original state of the code may be irretrievably lost
Programming by permutation gives little or no assurance about the quality of the code produced—it is the polar opposite of formal verification.
Programmers are often compelled to program by permutation when an API is insufficiently documented. This lack of clarity drives others to copy and paste from reference code which is assumed to be correct, but was itself written as a result of programming by permutation.
In some cases where the programmer can logically explain that exactly one out of a small set of variations must work, programming by permutation leads to correct code (which then can be verified) and makes it unnecessary to think about the other (wrong) variations.
Example
For example, the following code sample in C (intended to find and copy a series of digits from a larger string) has several problems:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
int main(void)
{
const char* buffer = "123abc";
char destination[10];
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
int l = strlen(buffer);
while (i < l) {
if (isdigit(buffer[i])) {
destination[j++] = buffer[i++];
}
++i;
}
destination[j] = '\0';
printf("%s\n", destination);
}
First of all, it doesn't give the right answer. With the given starting string, it produces the output "13", when the correct answer is "123". A programmer who does not recognize the structural problems may seize on one statement, saying "ah, there's an extra increment". The line "++i" is removed; but testing the code results in an infinite loop. "Oops, wrong increment." The former statement is added back, and the line above it is changed to remove the post-increment of variable i:
if (isdigit(buffer[i])) {
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Moretti | Frank Anthony Moretti (1943–2013) was a Professor of Communications, Computing, and Technology at Teachers College, Columbia University and Visiting Professor in the Columbia University School of Journalism.
He was a researcher in the area of new media teaching and learning and the use of digital technology in education, as well as co-founder and Executive Director of the Columbia Center for New Media Teaching and Learning. He earned a Ph.D. in History and an M. Phil from Columbia University, an M.Ed. from Teachers College and a B.A. in Greek and Latin from St. Bonaventure University. Dr. Moretti's 1983 dissertation was entitled "Augustus and Vergil: Pietas and the Pedagogy of Power". In 2012, Dr. Moretti published a work on the communications theorist James W. Carey, co-authored by Annie Rudd, entitled "James W. Carey: Sentinel of Democracy".
Early life and education
From his birth late in 1943 through high school, Frank A. Moretti lived in West New York, just across the Hudson River from Manhattan. He grew up, an only child of older parents, interacting with an extended family, mastering cameras and the darkroom mentored by a New York sports photographer. After high school, he went to St. Bonaventure, where he majored in Classics, graduating in 1965. Then he obscurely entered the New York intellectual scene, building his presence there.
Moretti had a deep love of teaching and through many outward moves, he maintained a continuous presence in one or another classroom. In 1966 he started as an instructor in Greek and Latin at St. Peter’s Prep in Jersey City. Then a year later he careened back and forth to St. Bonaventure in western New York as an instructor there, and then he worked at Adelphi University for three years. In 1966, he had entered graduate school in classics at Columbia, shifting in the fall of 1968 to a Ph.D. program in the history of education at Teachers College.
Career
Somewhat paradoxically, from these beginnings, Moretti became an independent teacher and a professional student. He never molded himself for a standard academic career, but through the force of energy, intellect, and personality he turned the adjunct’s path into a succession of productive opportunities, among them at Barnard College (1970–73), at Bloomfield College (1973–75), in a variety of instructional/administrative roles at the NYU School of Continuing Education (1971-1994), through diverse courses at Teachers College, Columbia University (1981-2013), as assistant and associate headmaster at the Dalton School (1981-1997), and finally as executive director of the Columbia Center for New Media Teaching and Learning (1999-2013). Whatever the position and its responsibilities, Moretti relished engaging them as educator, marveling at his good fortune at earning a good living for continuously pursuing his own education in the company of others.
As a committed intellectual, Moretti was productive and influential despite having a limited record as an academic |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open%20science | Open science is the movement to make scientific research (including publications, data, physical samples, and software) and its dissemination accessible to all levels of society, amateur or professional. Open science is transparent and accessible knowledge that is shared and developed through collaborative networks. It encompasses practices such as publishing open research, campaigning for open access, encouraging scientists to practice open-notebook science (such as openly sharing data and code), broader dissemination and engagement in science and generally making it easier to publish, access and communicate scientific knowledge.
Usage of the term varies substantially across disciplines, with a notable prevalence in the STEM disciplines. Open research is often used quasi-synonymously to address the gap that the denotion of "science" might have regarding an inclusion of the Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences. The primary focus connecting all disciplines is the widespread uptake of new technologies and tools, and the underlying ecology of the production, dissemination and reception of knowledge from a research-based point-of-view.
As Tennant et al. (2020) note, the term open science "implicitly seems only to regard ‘scientific’ disciplines, whereas open scholarship can be considered to include research from the Arts and Humanities, as well as the different roles and practices that researchers perform as educators and communicators, and an underlying open philosophy of sharing knowledge beyond research communities."
Open science can be seen as a continuation of, rather than a revolution in, practices begun in the 17th century with the advent of the academic journal, when the societal demand for access to scientific knowledge reached a point at which it became necessary for groups of scientists to share resources with each other. In modern times there is debate about the extent to which scientific information should be shared. The conflict that led to the Open Science movement is between the desire of scientists to have access to shared resources versus the desire of individual entities to profit when other entities partake of their resources. Additionally, the status of open access and resources that are available for its promotion are likely to differ from one field of academic inquiry to another.
Principles
The six principles of open science are:
Open methodology
Open source
Open data
Open access
Open peer review
Open educational resources
Background
Science is broadly understood as collecting, analyzing, publishing, reanalyzing, critiquing, and reusing data. Proponents of open science identify a number of barriers that impede or dissuade the broad dissemination of scientific data.
These include financial paywalls of for-profit research publishers, restrictions on usage applied by publishers of data, poor formatting of data or use of proprietary software that makes it difficult to re-purpose, and cultural reluctance to publish data |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Means%E2%80%93ends%20analysis | Means–ends analysis (MEA) is a problem solving technique used commonly in artificial intelligence (AI) for limiting search in AI programs.
It is also a technique used at least since the 1950s as a creativity tool, most frequently mentioned in engineering books on design methods. MEA is also related to means–ends chain approach used commonly in consumer behavior analysis. It is also a way to clarify one's thoughts when embarking on a mathematical proof.
Problem-solving as search
An important aspect of intelligent behavior as studied in AI is goal-based problem solving, a framework in which the solution to a problem can be described by finding a sequence of actions that lead to a desirable goal. A goal-seeking system is supposed to be connected to its outside environment by sensory channels through which it receives information about the environment and motor channels through which it acts on the environment. (The term "afferent" is used to describe "inward" sensory flows, and "efferent" is used to describe "outward" motor commands.) In addition, the system has some means of storing in a memory information about the state of the environment (afferent information) and information about actions (efferent information). Ability to attain goals depends on building up associations, simple or complex, between particular changes in states and particular actions that will bring these changes about. Search is the process of discovery and assembly of sequences of actions that will lead from a given state to a desired state. While this strategy may be appropriate for machine learning and problem solving, it is not always suggested for humans (e.g. cognitive load theory and its implications).
How means–ends analysis works
The MEA technique is a strategy to control search in problem-solving. Given a current state and a goal state, an action is chosen which will reduce the difference between the two. The action is performed on the current state to produce a new state, and the process is recursively applied to this new state and the goal state.
Note that, in order for MEA to be effective, the goal-seeking system must have a means of associating to any kind of detectable difference those actions that are relevant to reducing that difference. It must also have means for detecting the progress it is making (the changes in the differences between the actual and the desired state), as some attempted sequences of actions may fail and, hence, some alternate sequences may be tried.
When knowledge is available concerning the importance of differences, the most important difference is selected first to further improve the average performance of MEA over other brute-force search strategies. However, even without the ordering of differences according to importance, MEA improves over other search heuristics (again in the average case) by focusing the problem solving on the actual differences between the current state and that of the goal.
Some AI systems usin |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake%20Engure%20Nature%20Park | Lake Engure Nature Park is a protected park in Latvia covering , named for Lake Engure. It was designated as a nature spot in 1998.
The natural park belongs to the Natura 2000 network which brings together natural sites or semi-natural of the European Union with great heritage value. The text establishing the creation of the Natura 2000 network, the European “habitats, fauna and flora” speaks of natural sites of “community interest”, referring to the “heritage value” of habitats. In the field of nature conservation, we can distinguish habitats, fauna and flora according to their rarity: habitats "of regional interest" are rare in one region, but may be present in abundance elsewhere. . The same goes for habitats "of national interest", then "of European interest". The Natura 2000 network therefore applies to protect rare ecological sites at European level, and representative of the natural heritage of the Member States of the European Union, by fauna and flora exceptional that they contain. More precisely, the Habitats Directive from which the Natura 2000 network has emerged aims to protect “natural habitats”, “fauna” and “flora”. Although these three concepts are inseparable (protecting a natural habitat protects the flora and fauna found there), it would be useless to protect a natural habitat without worrying about the species that live there, and vice versa, to ensure the sustainability of a particular species without worrying about the state of the natural habitat that shelters them.
Geology
Geologically, the protected area is located on the East European Craton. The crystalline bedrock is located at a depth of 1000–1200 meters, with Cambrian Deimena Formation, which in turn has a 99-meter-thick layer of beige shale that distinguishes it from Ordovician rocks. Ordovician detritic sediments lie at a depth of 861–1039 meters. The sediments of Silurian are marl, aleurolite, dolomite (at a depth of 489–861 meters). Devon sediments consist of sandstone and dolomite, which in turn contain Quaternary sediments.
Flora
844 species of vascular plants have been found in the protected area, of which 40 are under nature protection in Latvia, in addition to three other plant species protected by European Union directives.
Among the habitat types of the Habitats Directive, there are dune forests, western meadows, swampy deciduous forests, transitional marsh and bog forests and floodplain forests. Low meadows, coastal meadows and dry sandy grasslands on carbonate soil with a foxtail and herb-red button. The lake itself is one of the medium-low-nutrient water bodies with benthic pine algae assemblages.
Lake Engure Nature Park has rich fen vegetation. Typical mire communities are represented by associations of rare specimens such as and . Together with Schoenus ferrugineus and Cladium mariscus, the fen vegetation provides habitat for species that are rare in Latvia — sweet gale (Myrica gale), Dactylorhiza incarnata, Dactylorhiza cruenta, Liparis loeseli |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affirmation%20Scotland | Affirmation Scotland was a network within the Church of Scotland seeking full inclusion of the LGBT communities within the Church. It was founded in 2006, during the debate as to whether ministers should be allowed to conduct civil partnership ceremonies. The activities of Affirmation Scotland were coordinated by The Revd. Blair Robertson. At the annual General Assembly Service of Affirmation Scotland in May 2016 Affirmation Scotland was wound up. It exists as a Facebook page where people can post news of interest to LGBTI people, and their friends, connected to The Church of Scotland.
Background
Affirmation Scotland calls for a Church characterised by grace, compassion and inclusion. While specifically seeking the affirmation and dignity of lesbian and gay Christians within the church, it also seeks a progressive Church in a wider theological sphere, inspired by the Spirit of God, that is semper reformanda – always reforming, always in accordance with a critical understanding of the Word of God.
One of its most prominent supporters has been Professor George Newlands of Glasgow University, Emeritus professor of Divinity.
Services
Affirmation Scotland offers a ministry of care, hope and advocacy to lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (lgbt) Christians, their families and supporters. It also seeks to contribute to the debate within the Kirk on human sexuality from a progressive perspective. The network provided pastoral care to a number of LGBT people, delivered workshops for Kirk Sessions and other church groups and held a Retreat-style conference for a number of years.
Affirmation Scotland sought to:
create safe places and times for gay people and their friends to meet for worship, fellowship, and support.
organise events that promote an inclusive church.
provide resources to the Kirk and the LGBT community promoting the belief that God welcomes into God's family all people regardless of gender, gender identity, or sexual orientation.
speak out for the dignity and place of gay Christians whenever this is under attack.
respond appropriately to approaches by the media for comment on issues related to the Kirk.
be a presence – reminding the Kirk in a consistent way that the lgbt community has always been and is present within the Kirk.
References
External links
Affirmation Scotland Homepage, retrieved October 22, 2006.
Church of Scotland
LGBT and Protestantism |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive%20skeleton-driven%20simulation | Interactive skeleton-driven simulation (or Interactive skeleton-driven dynamic deformations) is a scientific computer simulation technique used to approximate realistic physical deformations of dynamic bodies in real-time. It involves using elastic dynamics and mathematical optimizations to decide the body-shapes during motion and interaction with forces. It has various applications within realistic simulations for medicine, 3D computer animation and virtual reality.
Background
Methods for simulating deformation, such as changes of shapes, of dynamic bodies involve intensive calculations, and several models have been developed. Some of these are known as free-form deformation, skeleton-driven deformation, dynamic deformation and anatomical modelling. Skeletal animation is well known in computer animation and 3D character simulation. Because of the calculation insensitivity of the simulation, few interactive systems are available which realistically can simulate dynamic bodies in real-time. Being able to interact with such a realistic 3D model would mean that calculations would have to be performed within the constraints of a frame rate which would be acceptable via a user interface.
Recent research has been able to build on previously developed models and methods to provide sufficiently efficient and realistic simulations. The promise for this technique can be as widespread as mimicking human facial expressions for perception of simulating a human actor in real-time or other cell organisms. Using skeletal constraints and parameterized force to calculate deformations also has the benefit of matching how a single cell has a shaping skeleton, as well as how a larger living organism might have an internal bone skeleton - such as the vertebrae. The generalized external body force simulations makes elasticity calculations more efficient, and means real-time interactions are possible.
Basic theory
There are several components to such a simulation system:
a polygon mesh defining the body shape of the model
a coarse volumetric mesh using finite element methods to ensure complete integration over the model
line constraints corresponding to internal skeleton and instrumented to the model
linearizing of equations of motion to achieve interactive rates
hierarchical regions of the mesh associated with skeletal lines
blending of locally linearlized simulations
a control lattice through subdivision fitting the model by surrounding and covering it
a hierarchical basis containing functions which will provide values for deformation of each lattice
domain with calculations of these hierarchical functions similar to that of lazy wavelets
Rather than fitting the object to the skeleton, as is common, the skeleton is used to set constraints for deformation. Also the hierarchical basis means that detail levels can be introduced or removed when needed - for example, observing from a distance or hidden surfaces.
Pre-calculated poses are used to be able to inte |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stillwater%E2%80%93Ng%C4%81kawau%20Line | The Stillwater Ngākawau Line (SNL), formerly the Stillwater–Westport Line (SWL) and the Ngakawau Branch, is a secondary main line, part of New Zealand's national rail network. It runs between Stillwater and Ngakawau via Westport on the West Coast of the South Island. It was one of the longest construction projects in New Zealand's history, with its first section, at the south end, opened in , and the beginnings of the Ngākawau Branch, at its Westport end, in 1875. The full line was completed in . The only slower railway projects were Palmerston North to Gisborne, 1872 to 1942, and the Main North Line to Picton, 1872 to 1945.
The main traffic has always been coal. In 2021 opencast mines along the line produced 1,321,541 tonnes of coal, 984,951 tonnes of it from Stockton Mine at Ngākawau. All the other mines in the country produced only 1,234,560 tonnes.
Passenger journeys peaked at around 500 a day in 1946 and ceased in 1967. From 1891 until about 1970 the line had a refreshment room, initially at Totara Flat, then Ikamatua, then Stillwater.
Construction
A railway link from Greymouth east to Brunner was opened in 1876, but work on a link from this point to Westport became delayed for ten years by disputes over the best route to link the West Coast with Nelson and Canterbury. A route for a railway was first proposed by the Nelson Province Engineer, John Blackett, in 1863. As this 1886 map shows, when the extension started, it was intended to be part of a much larger network, which would have linked to Blenheim, as well as Nelson. The distance from Westport to Blenheim, via a summit at Tophouse, was surveyed as and to Nelson , with the longest tunnel being , opposite Lyell. Ultimately, the New Zealand Midland Railway Company (NZMRC) was formed to construct the route, and in 1886, work recommenced. The junction of the route to Westport and the Midland Line to Canterbury was established just east of Brunner in Stillwater, and the NZMRC put most of its energy into the first portion of the SWL from Stillwater to Reefton. This was due to the comparatively easier terrain faced by the route in the valley of the Grey River, and in 1889, the line was opened to Ngahere. On 29 February 1892, the NZMRC opened the line all the way to the south bank of the Inangahua River, directly opposite Reefton, and with the Stillwater–Reefton portion complete in their view, they redirected their energy to the Midland route from Stillwater to Otira.
In the mid-1890s the NZMRC ran out of funds and, after a dispute in the courts, was taken over by the central government. Work on the SWL recommenced in the 20th century, with the Inangahua River bridged, the present-day Reefton station established, and a further section to Cronadun opened in 1908. At the Westport end, construction also commenced, with a 9 km line opened in 1912 from Westport to Te Kuha at the western end of the Lower Buller Gorge. In 1914, the line from Cronadun reached Inangahua Junction, where t |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsing%20Ma%20Control%20Area | Tsing Ma Control Area (Chinese: 青馬管制區; TMCA) is an area covering Lantau Link and related road networks in the New Territories, Hong Kong, including Tsing Ma Bridge, Kap Shui Mun Bridge, Ma Wan Viaduct (all part of the Lantau Link), Cheung Tsing Highway, Cheung Tsing Tunnel, Cheung Tsing Bridge (Cheung Tsing Tunnel and Cheung Tsing Bridge ), Ting Kau Bridge (belongs to Tsing Long Highway, a part of Route 3), (also belongs at Route 3), Tsing Kwai Highway and North Lantau Highway, but excluding the area of rails managed by the MTRCL.
The area spans on of road network on Tsing Yi Island, Ma Wan, Lantau Island and Kwai Chung. Extra traffic regulations are enforced in the area.
The area is currently managed and maintained by the Tsing Ma Management Limited. One of its incomes is collecting toll and fee of Lantau Link at Lantau Toll Plaza.
TMCA maintains two double-ended wide-body ambulances, dispatched in the event of a major traffic accident. They were converted from retired Neoplan Airliner N 922-2 airport buses.
External links
A brief introduction by Tsing Ma Management Limited
Legislation on the Tsing Ma Control Area (Chapter 498 in the Law of Hong Kong)
Regulations in the area
Expressways in Hong Kong
Tsing Yi
Ma Wan
Kwai Chung
Lantau Island |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rally%20Bike | Rally Bike is a racing arcade video game originally developed by Toaplan and published by Taito in May 1988. In Rally Bike, players compete against computer-controlled opponents in races across locations in the United States. Initially released in arcades, the game was ported to the Nintendo Entertainment System and X68000 by different developers.
Rally Bike was met with mixed reception from video game magazines and dedicated outlets that reviewed the game when it launched in arcades and its ports. As of 2019, the rights to the title is owned by Tatsujin, a company founded in 2017 by former Toaplan member Masahiro Yuge and now-affiliate of Japanese arcade manufacturer exA-Arcadia alongside many other Toaplan IPs.
Gameplay
Rally Bike is a top-down motorcycle road racing game where players observe from above and races across six increasingly difficult stages, along with two bonus stages, all taking place in the United States, with the main objective of crossing the finish line and passing an established number of competitors. Along the way, players must also dodge incoming obstacles scattered on the stages to avoid any accident, which causes a great reduction of fuel.
Fuel is a major obstacle of the game as well, as players must refuel their bike by stopping at the filling station, however this will also cause competitors to take advantage, as they never run out of fuel and running out of it results in a game over unless more credits are inserted into the arcade machine to continue playing.
On occasions, a helicopter will come and drop an item to the road during races, ranging from turbo (which can be increased a second time by picking up the turbo item again) to helper bikers that guards the players from crashing against rival racers. In the NES version, a shop mechanic where players can buy new parts to improve their vehicle is introduced after completing each race. The title uses a checkpoint system in which a single player will respawn at the beginning of the checkpoint they managed to reach before crashing.
Release
Rally Bike was released in arcades worldwide in May 1988 by Taito. The soundtrack was composed by Osamu Ōta under the alias "Ree". On 25 June 1989, an album containing music from Rally Bike and other Toaplan games was published exclusively in Japan by Datam Polystar.
Ports
On 15 June 1990, a Nintendo Entertainment System port of Rally Bike developed by Visco Corporation was first released in Japan and later in North America by Romstar on September of the same year. The NES version does not keep the same stages and backgrounds, likely due to hardware limitations. On 23 May 1991, The title later received a faithful conversion to the Sharp X68000 by SPS and only published in Japan by Sharp Corporation, although it contains several minor differences when compared to the original version such as the modified aspect ratio, missing animations, among other changes. A Mega Drive conversion was in development alongside Slap Fight MD |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20HummingBirdSoft%20games | The following is a list of computer and video games developed or published by the defunct company HummingBirdSoft.
NEC PC-8801
1984
Abyss
地獄の練習問題
1985
Abyss II: Tears of Emperor
1987
The Stone of Agni
Laplace no Ma ラプラスの魔
NEC PC-88VA
1988
Record of Lodoss War: The Grey Witch
NEC PC-9801
1987
ラプラスの魔
1988
Record of Lodoss War: The Grey Witch
1990
Record of Lodoss War: 福神漬
1991
Record of Lodoss War II: 五色の魔竜
1992
Record of Lodoss War: 福神漬3
1994
パラケルススの魔剣
NEC PC-9821
Record of Lodoss War: The Grey Witch
Sharp X68000
1987
ラプラスの魔
1988
Record of Lodoss War: The Grey Witch
1990
Record of Lodoss War: 福神漬
1991
Record of Lodoss War II: 五色の魔竜
Fujitsu FM-7
1983
The Palms
The Knight of Wonderland
1984
Abyss
Recapture
地獄の練習問題
Rock'n Roller
1985
Tape Abyss
Abyss II: Tears of Emperor
1987
ラプラスの魔
Fujitsu FM-8
1983
The Palms
The Knight of Wonderland
1984
Abyss
Recapture
地獄の練習問題
Rock'n Roller
1985
Tape Abyss
Fujitsu FM-77
1983
The Knight of Wonderland
1984
Abyss
地獄の練習問題
Fujitsu FM-77AV
1987
Fire Ball
FM Towns
1994
Record of Lodoss War: The Grey Witch
MSX2
1987
Fire Ball
The Stone of Agni
1988
Record of Lodoss War: The Grey Witch
1990
Record of Lodoss War: Fuku Zinduke
MSX2+
1988
Record of Lodoss War: The Grey Witch
Famicom Disk System
1986
Deep Dungeon: The Heretic War
1987
Deep Dungeon II: The Crest of the Hero
Nintendo Entertainment System
1988
Deep Dungeon III: The Journey to the Hero
1990
Deep Dungeon IV: The Black Sorcerer
Super Nintendo Entertainment System
1995
Laplace no Ma ラプラスの魔
Record of Lodoss War
3DO
1994
Kurokishi no Kamen
HummingBirdSoft |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%20class | P class or Class P may refer to:
Computing
P (complexity), a computational complexity class
Ships and yachts
P-class cruiser, a class of 12 heavy cruisers planned for construction by the Kriegsmarine during the late 1930s, but cancelled before any could be built
Pelorus-class cruiser, a class of 11 protected cruisers operated by the Royal Navy and Royal Australian Navy from the 1890s to the 1920s
P-class destroyer, a class of 8 Royal Navy destroyers built during World War II
P-class sloop, operated by the British navy during World War I
P-class submarine (disambiguation), a number of submarine classes
P-class sailing dinghy, a New Zealand sailing dinghy design first created in the 1920s, popularly used for sail training
P-class yacht (Universal Rule), a development class for America's Cup racing yachts under the Universal Rule
Railway locomotives
Two classes of steam locomotives used by the New Zealand Railways Department:
NZR P class (1876), of 1876
NZR P class (1885), of 1885
WAGR P Class, a 1924 express steam-locomotive of the Western Australian Government Railways
V/Line P class, a type of diesel electric locomotive, in service with V/Line and Pacific National in Australia
SECR P class, a class of locomotives of the South Eastern and Chatham Railway in the UK
DSB class P, a class of steam locomotives of the Danish State Railways
NER Class P, a class of steam locomotives of the North Eastern Railway
Palestine Railways P class |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE%20P1619 | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standardization project for encryption of stored data, but more generically refers to the Security in Storage Working Group (SISWG), which includes a family of standards for protection of stored data and for the corresponding cryptographic key management.
Standards
SISWG oversees work on the following standards:
The base IEEE 1619 Standard Architecture for Encrypted Shared Storage Media uses the XTS-Advanced Encryption Standard (XEX-based Tweaked CodeBook mode (TCB) with ciphertext stealing (CTS); the proper name should be XTC (XEX TCB CTS), but that acronym is already used to denote the drug ecstasy.
The P1619.1 Authenticated Encryption with Length Expansion for Storage Devices uses the following algorithms:
Counter mode with CBC-MAC (CCM)
Galois/Counter Mode (GCM)
Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) with HMAC-Secure Hash Algorithm
XTS-HMAC-Secure Hash Algorithm
The P1619.2 Standard for Wide-Block Encryption for Shared Storage Media has proposed algorithms including:
XCB
EME2
The P1619.3 Standard for Key Management Infrastructure for Cryptographic Protection of Stored Data defines a system for managing encryption data at rest security objects which includes architecture, namespaces, operations, messaging and transport.
P1619 also standardized the key backup in the XML format.
Narrow-block vs. wide-block encryption
An encryption algorithm used for data storage has to support independent encryption and decryption of portions of data. So-called narrow-block algorithms operate on relatively small portions of data, while the wide-block algorithms encrypt or decrypt a whole sector. Narrow-block algorithms have the advantage of more efficient hardware implementation. On the other hand, smaller block size provides finer granularity for data modification attacks. There is no standardized "acceptable granularity"; however, for example, the possibility of data modification with the granularity of one bit (bit-flipping attack) is generally considered unacceptable.
For these reasons, the working group selected the narrow-block (128 bits) encryption with no authentication in the standard P1619, assuming that the added efficiency warrants the additional risk. But recognizing that wide-block encryption might be useful in some cases, another project P1619.2 has been started to study the usage of wide-block encryption.
The project is maintained by the IEEE Security in Storage Working Group (SISWG). Both the disk storage standard P1619 (sometimes called P1619.0) and the tape storage standard P1619.1 were standardized in December 2007.
A discussion was ongoing on standardization of the wide-block encryption for disk drives, like CMC and EME as P1619.2, and on key management as P1619.3.
LRW issue
From 2004 to 2006, drafts of the P1619 standards used the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in LRW mode. In the 30 Aug 2006 meeting of the SISWG, a straw poll showed that most members would not approve |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheizaf%20Rafaeli | Sheizaf Rafaeli () (born June 7, 1955) is an Israeli researcher, scholar of computer-mediated communication and newspaper columnist. He is professor and dean at the School of Management (Graduate School of Business Administration) Haifa GSB, University of Haifa Israel and additionally director of the Center for Internet Research Center for Internet Research and the Games for Managers Project. In the 1980s and 1990s he served as head of the Information Systems area at the Graduate School of business in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He is a senior research fellow at the Samuel Neaman Institute for National Policy, Technion.
Biography
Sheizaf Rafaeli was born in kibbutz Maagan Michael, Israel, to a Jewish family. His maternal grandfather was Israeli Prime Minister, Levi Eshkol. He graduated from the Hebrew Reali School in Haifa. He served as an officer in the Israeli military in combat units; he was discharged in 1977. He received his B.A. from the University of Haifa, M.A. from Ohio State University, M.A., and Ph.D., Stanford University.
Sheizaf is married to Anat Rafaeli, they have three sons and live in Haifa, Israel.
Academic and journalism career
Rafaeli was the educational director of the cadet school of the Hebrew Reali School in Haifa. He has written software and books on graphics, electronic spreadsheets and statistical analysis, and a textbook on information systems for the Open University. He is co-editor, (with Fay Sudweeks and Margaret McLaughlin), of Network and NetPlay: Virtual Groups on the Internet published by MIT Press, 1998. He served as co-coordinator of the international ProjectH. He served as founder and co-editor of The Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, and initiated the SHIL (Citizen's Advice Board) online service. He is a member of several journal editorial boards, including those of JCMC, ITSharenet and IJKL. Rafaeli is a director of NPTech Israel, and of StartUpSeeds. He is also a member of the board at the Wikimedia foundation.
Sheizaf is a member of the Stockholm International Challenge Jury for Information Systems' Projects. Sheizaf has held visiting research and teaching positions at Ohio State University, Michigan State University, IBM, Stanford University, Technion, College of Management Academic Studies, and the University of Michigan. His work on Interactivity and Virtual Community, published by MIT Press, JCMC, and Oxford University Press is widely cited in the Information, Computer-Mediated Communication, Internet and Communication Research literatures. Rafaeli's research covers issues of the Value of Information, Information Overload, Social Networks and Network Analysis, Information Sharing, and digital life.
From October 2006, he has served as chair of the School of Management (Business Administration), at the University of Haifa. Rafaeli is a member of the Scientific Management of the Learning in a Networked Society (LINKS) national Center of Research Excellence (ICORE), where he |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NZR%20RM%20class%20%28Wairarapa%29 | The NZR RM class Wairarapa railcar was a class of railcars on New Zealand's national rail network. They entered service in 1936 (three weeks after the Midland railcars) and were classified RM like all other classes of railcars in New Zealand; they came to be known as the "Wairarapa" class as they were designed to operate over the famous Rimutaka Incline to the Wairarapa region on the Wairarapa Line. They also acquired the nickname of "tin hares" in New Zealand railfan jargon. The first two to be introduced re-used the numbers RM 4 and RM 5 that had previously been used by the withdrawn experimental Model T Ford railcars. The class consisted of six passenger railcars and one passenger-freight railcar. It is often described incorrectly as a class of six railcars.
Background
The Rimutaka Incline over the Rimutaka Ranges posed a severe time delay to any service operating between Wellington and the Wairarapa region. At one end of the Incline, a train had to have its engine replaced by multiple members of the H class, as the H class locomotives were specially designed to work the steep and difficult Incline. Once they hauled the train the length of the Incline, they were then replaced by a single ordinary engine. The procedure to attach and remove the H class locomotives, as well as the actual trip along the Incline, was very slow.
The Wairarapa railcars were designed as an answer to this problem. They were intended to operate along the length of the Incline and take over Wairarapa passenger services from regular carriage trains. Their body was built higher than an ordinary railcar, with a raised floor, to enable them to pass over the raised Fell centre rail on the Rimutaka Incline. In design, they resembled a bus, and unlike a usual single-unit railcar that has a driving compartment at each end, the Wairarapa railcars only had one driving end, necessitating that they be turned at the terminus of their journey.
The first six of the class (RM 4 to RM 9) were designed to carry 49 passengers with their baggage. Like the Standard railcars, the Wairapara railcars were named after historic Māori canoes:
Maahunui
Mahuhu
Mamari
Matahourua
Maatua
Arai-te-Uru.
A seventh railcar, RM 10, named Arawa, was built as a mixed freight and passenger vehicle with seating for 20 passengers at the front, a freight compartment with a capacity of 3 tons in the centre, and a guards compartment at the rear.
Operation
Upon their introduction to revenue service on 7 September 1936, the Wairarapa railcars became the second successful class of railcars in New Zealand, following the introduction of the Midland class three weeks earlier. The Wairarapa railcars immediately slashed running times between Wellington and the Wairarapa, and would operate the full length of the Wairarapa Line from Wellington to Woodville, and then utilise the Palmerston North–Gisborne Line through the Manawatū Gorge to access Palmerston North. They proved popular with passengers, fully |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monument%20of%20Liberty%2C%20Ruse | The Monument of Liberty (Bulgarian: Паметник на свободата, Pametnik na svobodata) in Rousse, Bulgaria, was built at the beginning of the 20th century by the Italian sculptor Arnoldo Zocchi. As time went by, it gained significance as one of the city's symbols, and now forms a part of her coat of arms.
Design
The structure is a pyramidal one. The statue on top represents a female figure, who is holding a sword in her left hand, while pointing with her right hand to the direction from where the national liberators arrived. One of the two bronze lions at the base is tearing the yoke chains with his mouth, whilst the other defends the Shield of Freedom. There are reliefs of resistance scenes on the pedestal. Two cannons are placed at the rear.
History
The exact year of opening is not known for certain — 1906, 1908, and 1909 have been suggested, based on labels, photographs, and the Encyclopedia of fine arts in Bulgaria (). All sources cite the date 11 August, though. The booklet The revolutionaries' monument in Rousse claims to have proven that the correct year is 1909.
The fundamental stone was put in 1890 in the Youth Park, where it was inaugurated by mitropolit Grigoriy in the presence of knyaz Ferdinand I. Five years later, the municipality and the organization of resistance heroes decided to move the place of the monument to the city garden, a former Turkish cemetery, which had been transformed into the city's new central square. At that time, the garden had an iron fence and used to be locked at night. The square was initially named Knyaz Boris after the recently born successor of the throne. After the monument's construction was completed, it was renamed to Botev square, then after 9 September 1944, when the communists came to power, it became the Lenin square, and later finally got its present name — the Freedom square.
In the end of 1895, a contract was signed with Stoycho Raychev Kefsizov, a local entrepreneur and former revolutionary, to build the monument for 65,000 leva. Despite Kefsizov's energy and devotion, the money did not suffice and the remainder to the new cost of 150,000 leva had to be collected as voluntary donations from evening balls all over Bulgaria. The Simeonovi brothers (Ivan Simeonov and Stefan Simeonov), who were famous innovative bankers, rendered a decisive support of 50,000 leva.
The initial design by architect Simeon Zlatev featured a statue of the "Tsar Liberator" (Alexander II of Russia) on top, and two statues of revolutionaries with guns at the base. In 1907 the Rousse society decided to replace the tsar's statue with a statue of a woman, symbolizing freedom, in order not to resemble the Monument to the Tsar Liberator in Sofia, opened in the same year and also a work of Arnoldo Zocchi.
Ferdinand I, who had shortly been re-titled from a knyaz to a tsar after the Unification of Bulgaria, was asked to determine the monument's opening day. He didn't reply, so 11 August was chosen, as it was the climax date o |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phylogenetic%20autocorrelation | Phylogenetic autocorrelation also known as Galton's problem, after Sir Francis Galton who described it, is the problem of drawing inferences from cross-cultural data, due to the statistical phenomenon now called autocorrelation. The problem is now recognized as a general one that applies to all nonexperimental studies and to experimental design as well. It is most simply described as the problem of external dependencies in making statistical estimates when the elements sampled are not statistically independent.
Asking two people in the same household whether they watch TV, for example, does not give you statistically independent answers. The sample size, n, for independent observations in this case is one, not two. Once proper adjustments are made that deal with external dependencies, then the axioms of probability theory concerning statistical independence will apply. These axioms are important for deriving measures of variance, for example, or tests of statistical significance.
Origin
In 1888, Galton was present when Sir Edward Tylor presented a paper at the Royal Anthropological Institute. Tylor had compiled information on institutions of marriage and descent for 350 cultures and examined the associations between these institutions and measures of societal complexity. Tylor interpreted his results as indications of a general evolutionary sequence, in which institutions change focus from the maternal line to the paternal line as societies become increasingly complex. Galton disagreed, pointing out that similarity between cultures could be due to borrowing, could be due to common descent, or could be due to evolutionary development; he maintained that without controlling for borrowing and common descent one cannot make valid inferences regarding evolutionary development. Galton's critique has become the eponymous Galton's Problem, as named by Raoul Naroll, who proposed the first statistical solutions.
By the early 20th century unilineal evolutionism was abandoned and along with it the drawing of direct inferences from correlations to evolutionary sequences. Galton's criticisms proved equally valid, however, for inferring functional relations from correlations. The problem of autocorrelation remained.
Solutions
Statistician William S. Gosset in 1914 developed methods of eliminating spurious correlation due to how position in time or space affects similarities. Today's election polls have a similar problem: the closer the poll to the election, the less individuals make up their mind independently, and the greater the unreliability of the polling results, especially the margin of error or confidence limits. The effective n of independent cases from their sample drops as the election nears. Statistical significance falls with lower effective sample size.
The problem pops up in sample surveys when sociologists want to reduce the travel time to do their interviews, and hence they divide their population into local clusters and sample the clusters |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1%20series | 1 series or 1-series may refer to:
BMW 1 Series, a car series
IBM Series/1, a minicomputer series
Nikon 1 series, a camera series
See also
0 series (disambiguation)
7 series (disambiguation)
I series (disambiguation)
L series (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoe%2C%20Duncan%2C%20Jack%20and%20Jane | Zoe, Duncan, Jack and Jane is an American teen sitcom created by Daniel and Sue Paige, starring Selma Blair, David Moscow, Michael Rosenbaum, and Azura Skye that premiered on The WB network from January 17, 1999 and ended on June 11, 2000. During development, the show was initially known as Zoe Bean and was later retitled Zoe... during its second season. The series aired a total of 26 episodes over its two seasons.
Characters
The series centered on four eccentric high school friends in New York City. The foursome attended (fictional) Fielding-Mellish Prep, which gets its name from Woody Allen's character in the movie Bananas.
Zoe Bean (Selma Blair): A coy, boy-crazy daydreamer.
Duncan Milch (David Moscow): An anxious oddball. A Woody Allen type.
Jack Cooper (Michael Rosenbaum): Handsome, but egotistical and selfish.
Jane Cooper (Azura Skye): Jack's twin sister. Sarcastic and cynical. (Although playing twins, Skye was nine years younger than Rosenbaum in real life.)
The show also starred Mary Page Keller as Zoe's single mother Iris during the first season. Scott Foley, fresh from Dawson's Creek, appeared in the pilot with the intention of having him star in the series as Zoe's love interest. But once the pilot finally got picked up, Foley had already moved on to Felicity.
Episodes
Series overview
Season 1 (1999)
During the first season, the show centered on the four teenagers as high school students. Jeremy Renner originally played Jack in the original pilot episode, but was replaced by Michael Rosenbaum. The first season included guest stars such as Scott Foley as a college boy Zoe had a crush on, Sara Rue as a wheelchair-using bully, Will Friedle as a charming stoner who dated Zoe, and Jacinda Barrett as a girl, who liked both Duncan and Jack.
The first season theme song was "Charmed" by My Friend Steve.
Season 2 (2000)
When the show returned for a second season, it had been heavily retooled. The friendship between the four friends remained intact, but now they were adult college students. Gone was Keller as Zoe's mom, while Omar Gooding joined the cast as the foursome's friend Doug Anderson. The title had also been shortened to simply Zoe... (pronounced on-air as Zoe Dot Dot Dot) out of fear that the former title was turning off potential viewers.
After the series was cancelled, Michael Rosenbaum expressed disappointment with the fact that the network had cut his character's name out of the title for the second season.
References
External links
1990s American high school television series
1990s American teen sitcoms
1999 American television series debuts
2000s American college television series
2000s American teen sitcoms
2000 American television series endings
English-language television shows
Fictional quartets
Television series about teenagers
Television series about twins
Television series by ABC Studios
Television shows set in New York City
The WB original programming |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan%20Educational%20Research%20Network | The Pakistan Education and Research Network (PERN) connects universities and research institutes through high-speed Internet bandwidth. The main purpose of this network is to facilitate researchers/students in sharing data and to coordinate with each other though video conferencing.
Currently 60(Pakistani) educational institutes are interconnected; in the future the PERN-II project would further include 59 other educational institutes national-wide at speeds of up to 10 Gbps. Another Institute Future Pakistan International is determined to restore scientific culture in Pakistan.
List of universities interconnected
Notes
Reference of table Connection summary
Column heading of Cities: Islamabad Lahore and Karachi Represent "Location of Routers" placed in.
Membership and affiliation
PERN (Pakistan Educational Research Network) is primary member of APAN (Asia Pacific Advanced Network) Reference
PERN has mirror site of MIT OpenCourseWare,
PERN architecture
[[If you want more than https://thecitynotes.com
See also
Higher Education Commission
Pakistan Academy of Sciences
Hussain Ebrahim Jamal Research Institute of Chemistry
References
External links
PERN Official Website
Partners links:
MIT OpenCourseWare Mirror site
NTC developer of PERN
Future Pakistan International
[[ Learn Education Guides ]]
Education in Pakistan
Internet in Pakistan |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Task%20state%20segment | The task state segment (TSS) is a structure on x86-based computers which holds information about a task. It is used by the operating system kernel for task management. Specifically, the following information is stored in the TSS:
Processor register state
I/O port permissions
Inner-level stack pointers
Previous TSS link
All this information should be stored at specific locations within the TSS as specified in the IA-32 manuals.
Location of the TSS
The TSS may reside anywhere in memory. A segment register called the task register (TR) holds a segment selector that points to a valid TSS segment descriptor which resides in the GDT (a TSS descriptor may not reside in the LDT). Therefore, to use a TSS the following must be done by the operating system kernel:
Create a TSS descriptor entry in the GDT
Load the TR with the segment selector for that segment
Add information to the TSS in memory as needed
For security purposes, the TSS should be placed in memory that is accessible only to the kernel.
Task register
The TR register is a 16-bit register which holds a segment selector for the TSS. It may be loaded through the LTR instruction. LTR is a privileged instruction and acts in a manner similar to other segment register loads. The task register has two parts: a portion visible and accessible by the programmer and an invisible one that is automatically loaded from the TSS descriptor.
Register states
The TSS may contain saved values of all the x86 registers. This is used for task switching. The operating system may load the TSS with the values of the registers that the new task needs and after executing a hardware task switch (such as with an IRET instruction) the x86 CPU will load the saved values from the TSS into the appropriate registers. Note that some modern operating systems such as Windows and Linux do not use these fields in the TSS as they implement software task switching.
Note that during a hardware task switch, certain fields of the old TSS are updated with the CPU's current register contents before the values from the new TSS are read. Thus some TSS fields are read/write, while others are read-only:
Read/Write fields: read and written during a hardware task switch.
All general-purpose registers (EAX, EBX, ECX, EDX, ESI, EDI, EBP, ESP);
All segment registers (CS, DS, ES, FS, GS, SS);
Current execution state (EIP, EFlags);
The Link field in the new TSS, if the task switch was due to a CALL or INT rather than a JMP.
Read-only fields: read only when required, as indicated.
Control Register 3 (CR3), also known as the Page Directory Base Register (PDBR).
Read during a hardware task switch.
The Local Descriptor Table register (LDTR);
Read during a hardware task switch.
The three privilege-level stack pairs (SS0:ESP0, SS1:ESP1, SS2:ESP2);
Read during an inter-level CALL or INT to establish a new stack.
The IO Port Bitmap pointer (IOPB) and the I/O Port Bitmap itself;
Read during an IN, OUT, INS or OUTS instruction |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smithsonian%20Channel%20%28Canada%29 | Smithsonian Channel is a Canadian pay television channel, owned and operated by Blue Ant Media. Smithsonian Networks, owners of the American channel of the same name from which its brand and programming is licensed, serve as a minority partner. The channel broadcasts factual programming on categories such as air and space, science and nature, pop culture, and history.
History
In April 2006, John S. Panikkar (co-founder of the channel's original owner, High Fidelity HDTV), was granted a licence by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) to launch MeridianHD, described as "a national, English-language Category 2 high definition (HD) specialty programming undertaking... that would consist of programs dedicated exclusively to the exploration of geography, people, places and cultures. The programming would focus on the roots of human development as well as teachings from other cultures and traditions in Canada and around the world. It would also focus on what impact human behaviour has on the natural environment and how the natural world affects human ritual and culture. The proposed service would not offer celebrity biographies or staged events."
The channel launched on September 5, 2006 as Equator HD. Its brand was licensed and much of its programming was purchased from Rainbow Media, original owners of the now defunct Voom HD Networks, owners of Equator HD in the United States. The channel broadcast factual programming relating to geography, people, and cultures such as The Bee Travelers, Earth Diaries, The Last Chapter of the Vietnam War, and Eurasian Empires.
Upon the closure of the American service of the same name in 2009, High Fidelity HDTV rebranded the channel as eqhd on August 23, 2010., focusing largely on the same genre of programming.
On December 21, 2011, High Fidelity HDTV, announced that it had entered into an agreement to be purchased outright by Blue Ant Media, majority owners of Glassbox Television and minority owners of Quarto Communications. While initially purchasing 29.9% of the company, the remaining 70.1% will be purchased once it is approved by the CRTC.
On July 15, 2013, it was announced that Blue Ant Media had reached a deal to rebrand eqhd as a Canadian version of Smithsonian Channel. Smithsonian Channel launched on November 13, 2013. In 2016, Smithsonian Channel US bought a minority stake in the channel.
References
External links
Blue Ant Media channels
Digital cable television networks in Canada
Television channels and stations established in 2006
English-language television stations in Canada
2006 establishments in Ontario
Smithsonian Channel |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline%20of%20computer%20programming | The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to computer programming:
Computer programming – process that leads from an original formulation of a computing problem to executable computer programs. Programming involves activities such as analysis, developing understanding, generating algorithms, verification of requirements of algorithms including their correctness and resources consumption, and implementation (commonly referred to as coding) of algorithms in a target programming language. Source code is written in one or more programming languages. The purpose of programming is to find a sequence of instructions that will automate performing a specific task or solving a given problem.
History
History of computer science
History of computing hardware
History of computing hardware (1960s–present)
History of programming languages
Timeline of programming languages
Computer programming in the punched card era
Operating systems timeline
Platforms
Computer
Computer hardware
Analog computer
Analytical Engine
Digital computer
Vacuum-tube computer
List of vacuum-tube computers
Transistor computer
List of transistorized computers
Mainframe
Minicomputer
Microcomputer
Home computers
IBM PC compatible
Personal computer
Desktop computer
Laptop computer
Mobile computer
Personal digital assistant (PDA)
Smartphone
Tablet computer
Wearable computer
Server
Supercomputer
Virtual machine
Hardware virtualization
Runtime system
Paradigms
Agent-oriented
Aspect-oriented
Automata-based
Data-driven
Declarative (as opposed to imperative programming)
Constraint
Constraint logic
Concurrent constraint logic
Dataflow
Flow-based (FBP)
Reactive
Functional
Functional logic
Purely functional
Logic
Abductive logic
Answer set
Concurrent logic
Functional logic
Inductive logic
Event-driven
Time-driven
Expression-oriented
Feature-oriented
Function-level (as opposed to value-level programming)
Generic
Imperative (as opposed to declarative programming)
Literate
Procedural
Inductive programming
Language-oriented (LOP)
Natural language programming
Intentional
Non-structured (as opposed to Structured)
Array
Nondeterministic
Process-oriented
Role-oriented
Semantic-oriented (SOP)
Structured (as opposed to non-structured programming)
Block-structured
Modular
Concurrent computing
Relativistic programming
Object-oriented (OOP)
Class-based
Concurrent OOP
Prototype-based
Subject-oriented
Tacit
Value-level (as opposed to function-level programming)
Probabilistic
Concept
Writing programs
Pseudocode
Methodology
Array programming
End-user development
Metaprogramming
Automatic programming
Reflection
Attribute-oriented programming (AOP)
Homoiconicity
Template metaprogramming
Policy-based design
Service-oriented architecture
Service-oriented modeling
Recursion
Separation of concerns
Threaded coding
Algorithms
List of algorithms
List of algorithm general topics
Algorithm characterizations
Introduction to Algorithms
Theory of computation
Computational complexity theory
Ana |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aravind%20Eye%20Hospitals | Aravind Eye Hospitals is a hospital chain in India. It was founded by Dr. Govindappa Venkataswamy (popularly known as Dr.V) at Madurai, Tamil Nadu in 1976. It has grown into a network of eye hospitals and has had a major impact in eradicating cataract related blindness in India. As of 2012, Aravind has treated nearly 32 million patients and performed 4 million surgeries. The model of Aravind Eye Care hospitals has been applauded and has become a subject for numerous case studies across the world.
History
Cataracts are a major source of blindness in India, with at least 4 million cases reported every year, contributing to nearly to a quarter of the world’s blind. Cataract related blindness can be avoided by timely intervention and surgery.
The Aravind Model
Dr. Venkataswamy's vision was to eradicate needless blindness in India. Dr. Venkataswamy wanted to emulate the service efficiency of McDonald's fast food and sought to adapt it to the eye care system to cope with increasing the numbers of patients treated. Aravind began performing surgeries on a large scale with treatment being free or heavily subsidized for the poor cross subsidized by the paying patients. Aravind established an outreach program wherein doctors reach out to remote villages to conduct eye camps, some times, in association with various organizations. The organizations take care of the costs of the camp, transporting the patients to surgery and their rehabilitation while Aravind does the surgery free of cost. Aravind started performing 5 times the number of cataract surgeries that were performed in the entire country and 16 times more than that of the entire U.S.
Aravind focused on rotating doctors between free and paid wards, concentrating on efficiency and hygiene thus eliminating differences between the surgeries done for paid and non-paid patients. The rate of infection in Aravind was about four per ten thousand surgeries which was significantly lower than the international norm of six per ten thousand surgeries.
Hospitals and facilities
Aravind Hospital started in 1976 as an 11-bed hospital in Madurai. Aravind opened a hospital in Theni in 1985 and Tirunelveli in 1988. The hospital at Coimbatore was founded in 1997. Aravind later expanded to five more cities in Tamil Nadu including Tirupur, Salem, Dindigul, Thoothukudi, Udumalaipettai and neighboring Pondicherry. To commemorate Dr. V's birth centenary, Arvind-Chennai, the largest among all Aravind Eye Hospitals, was established in September 2017. In 2019, with the support of TTD who allocated the land at a nominal lease, Sri Venkateswara Aravind Eye Hospital, Tirupati branch was established in March 2019 to provide access to 14 million population of Chittoor, Nellore, Kadapa, Anantapur and neighbouring districts.
The group also has four partnership projects — with the Rajiv Gandhi Charitable Trust in Amethi, another in Lucknow, Birla Corporation in Kolkata and Shanghvi Trust in Amreli, Gujarat. Aravind also set up it |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star%20Magic%20Presents | Star Magic Presents is a weekly love anthology program that began airing on the ABS-CBN network in the Philippines from July 29, 2006, to May 10, 2008. The show features artists from Star Magic, the talent management agency of ABS-CBN.
In an interview, Star Magic Director Johnny Manahan explained that the show's main goal was "to provide a platform whereby the agency’s fresh, yet unknown talents can shine in tandem with its more established stars. Each week, a new face is paired with an established artist, the better to remind the older stars of their responsibility to help their younger brothers and sisters."
In the Philippines, this program airs on Saturday at 10 a.m-11 a.m. in Metro Manila. (Timeslot may vary in some areas) It is also broadcast worldwide on TFC: The Filipino Channel.
It currently re-airs on Cinema One Global in November 2011 weeknights.
Episode guide
Season 1
The first five episodes feature Star Magic's top 5 female artists, followed by another 5 episodes featuring the agency's top five male artists. Another six episodes featured a selection of the agency's younger talents in single-episode stories.
The Queens of Star Magic
The first five episodes feature the top five female artists of Star Magic, namely Kristine Hermosa, Angelica Panganiban, Bea Alonzo, Rica Peralejo, and Claudine Barretto.
The Kings of Star Magic
The next set of five episodes featured the talent agency's top five male artists, namely: Piolo Pascual, Diether Ocampo, John Lloyd Cruz, Zanjoe Marudo, and Sam Milby.
The 10th episode, Tender Loving Care, featuring Sam Milby and Denise Laurel was re-aired on November 11, 2006.
The Princesses and Princes of Star Magic
The next set of episodes featured younger artists of the talent agency.
Season 2: Abt Ur Luv
For its second and third seasons, Star Magic Presents shifts to a youth-oriented drama format, assembling 19 of its teen talents for a season-long story entitled Abt Ur Luv, under the direction of Erick Salud.
The cast is topbilled by the loveteam of Shaina Magdayao and Rayver Cruz.
Other cast members include: Carla Humphries and Denise Laurel; New Star Magic talents Victor Basa, Angelo Patrimonio, and Enchong Dee; PBB Teens Aldred Gatchalian, Joaqui Mendoza, and Mikki Arceo; and Star Circle Batch 13 talents Aaron Agassi, Valeen Montenegro, Christopher Gutierrez, AJ Perez, Dino Imperial, Empress Schuck, Lauren Young, and Zia Marquez.
Season 3: Abt Ur Luv, Ur Lyf 2
For its third season, Abt Ur Luv continues with more cast including John Wayne Sace and Erich Gonzales and some other Star Magic batch 15 teens'''.
Season 4: Astigs
Is another teen-oriented show that will feature different stories every six weeks. For its initial offering "Astigs in Haayskul Life" is a story about five losers who make their own club named Astig.
References
External links
Official Star Magic Presents site on ABS-CBN
Star Magic Presents on ABS-CBN Now
Philippine teen drama television series
2006 Philippine tel |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World%20Prison%20Brief | The World Prison Brief at PrisonStudies.org is an online database providing free access to information on prison systems around the world. It is now hosted by the Institute For Crime & Justice Policy Research (ICPR), Birkbeck College, University of London.
It was previously hosted by the International Centre for Prison Studies (ICPS). It was a research centre at the University of Essex. It was launched at the House of Lords on 4 April 2011. Between 1997 and 2010 ICPS was based in King's College London and was launched formally by Home Secretary Jack Straw in October 1997. In July 2010 the International Centre for Prison Studies incorporated and registered as a charity with the Charities Commission of England and Wales. From the outset the Centre was independent of governmental and intergovernmental agencies, although it would work closely with them.
The Centre is self-funded and a number of charitable trusts gave generous grants which allowed the Centre to start work. The centre seeks to assist governments and other relevant agencies to develop appropriate policies on prisons and the use of imprisonment. It carries out its work on a project or consultancy basis for international agencies, governmental and non-governmental organisations.
It aims to make the results of its academic research and projects widely available to groups and individuals, both nationally and internationally, who might not normally use such work. These include policy makers, practitioners and administrators, the media and the general public.
In November 2014 the International Centre for Prison Studies merged with the Institute for Crime & Justice Policy Research at Birkbeck, University of London.
People
The founding director is Andrew Coyle. The current director is Dr Jessica Jacobson. Baroness Stern is a senior research fellow at the centre.
See also
Incarceration
List of countries by incarceration rate
References
External links
Core Publications of the World Prison Brief. Such as the World Prison Population List, and the World Female Imprisonment List.
World Prison Brief - Highest to Lowest. A main portal of the World Prison Brief. Compare many nations. Select from menu: prison population total, prison population rate, percentage of pre-trial detainees / remand prisoners within the prison population, percentage of female prisoners within the prison population, percentage of foreign prisoners within the prison population and occupancy rate. Click on any country link for detailed info.
Birkbeck, University of London
King's College London
University of Essex
Prison-related organizations |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve%20Wallach | Steven "Steve" J. Wallach (born September 1945 in Brooklyn, New York) is an engineer, consultant and technology manager. He is a Seymour Cray Computer Engineering Award recipient.
Education
Wallach received his BS in electrical engineering from Polytechnic University in Brooklyn, his MS in electrical engineering, from University of Pennsylvania and an MBA from Boston University.
Career
Wallach retired from Micron, and is currently a guest scientist at LANL (Los Alamos). He is also a visiting scientist at the Barcelona Supercomputer Center (BSC). Main focus on HPC RISC-V technology. Wallach was the co-founder and CTO of Convey Computers. After Micron Technology bought Convey, Wallach became a design director. Wallach was previously Vice President of technology for Chiaro Networks and was co-founder of Convex Computer, their Chief Technology Officer and Senior V.P. of Development.
After Hewlett-Packard bought Convex, Wallach became the chief technology officer of Hewlett-Packard's large systems group. He was also a visiting professor at Rice University from 1998–1999. Prior to Convex, he was manager of Advanced Development for Data General. His efforts on the MV/8000 are chronicled in Tracy Kidder's Pulitzer Prize winner The Soul of a New Machine. Prior to that, he was an engineer at Raytheon, where he worked on the All Applications Digital Computer (AADC).
Wallach has 81 american patents and is a member of the National Academy of Engineering, an IEEE Fellow and was a founding member of PITAC (The Presidential Information Technology Advisory Committee).
He is currently an adviser to Centerpoint Venture partners, Sevin Rosen Funds, and Interwest, and a consultant to the United States Department of Energy Advanced Scientific Computing (ASC) program at Los Alamos National Laboratory. He donated his personally library of papers, engineering note books, to the Computer Museum. (External Link Provided)
Awards
Wallach was awarded in 2008 Seymour Cray Computer Science and Engineering Award for his "contribution to high-performance computing through the design of innovative vector and parallel computing systems, notably the Convex mini-supercomputer series, a distinguished industrial career and acts of public service." In 2002 he received the IEEE Computer Society Charles Babbage Award. Member Eta Kappa Nu & Tau Beta Pi
References
External links
The New York Times, November 16, 2008: A Computing Pioneer Has a New Idea by John Markoff.
The New York Times, November 24, 2008: Sound Bytes; The Soul of an Inventor by John Markoff.
Wired article revisiting "The Soul of a New Machine" and the team after twenty years
https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8s187kj/
1945 births
Living people
American consultants
Seymour Cray Computer Engineering Award recipients
University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
Boston University School of Management alumni
Rice University staff
American chief technology officers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic-Hierarchy.org | Catholic-Hierarchy.org is an online database of bishops and dioceses of the Roman Catholic Church and the 23 Eastern Catholic Churches that are in full communion with Rome. The website is not officially sanctioned by the Church. It is run as a private project by David M. Cheney in Kansas City.
Origin and contents
In the 1990s, David M. Cheney created a simple internet website that documented the Roman Catholic bishops in his home state of Texas—many of whom did not have webpages. In 2002, after moving to the Midwest, he officially created the present website catholic-hierarchy.org and expanded to cover the United States and eventually the world. The database contains geographical, organizational and address information on each Catholic diocese in the world, including Eastern Catholic Churches in full communion with the Holy See, such as the Maronite Catholic Church and the Syro-Malabar Church.
It also gives biographical information on current and previous bishops of each diocese, such as dates of birth, ordinations and (when applicable) death.
Status
The Zenit News Agency states that the webpage provides a "silent, unique service to the Church".
Sources
Among the printed sources used are the Holy See publications: Annuario Pontificio, Acta Apostolicae Sedis and Acta Sanctae Sedis. Historical studies by various authors are also utilized.
References
Further reading
External links
2002 in Christianity
Catholic websites
Episcopacy in the Catholic Church |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsoBuster | IsoBuster is a data recovery computer program by Smart Projects, a Belgian company founded in 1995 by Peter Van Hove. As of version 3.0, it can recover data from damaged file systems or physically damaged disks including optical discs, hard disk drives, USB flash drives and solid-state disks. It has the ability to access "deleted" data on multisession optical discs, and allows users to access disc images (including ISO, BIN and NRG) and to extract files in the same way that they would from a ZIP archive. IsoBuster is also often used by law enforcement and data forensics experts.
See also
List of data recovery software
References
External links
Story by the author of IsoBuster, how it all began
Windows-only shareware
Data recovery software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes%20%28CAD%29 | Archimedes – "The Open CAD" – (also called Arquimedes) is a computer-aided design (CAD) program developed with direct input from architects and architecture firms. With this design philosophy, the developers hope to create software better suited for architecture than the currently widely used AutoCAD, and other available CAD software. The program is free software released under the Eclipse Public License.
Features
Basic drawing
Lines, Polylines, Arcs and Circles.
Editable Text
Explore
Offset
Advanced CAD functions
Trimming
Filleting
Area measurement
Miscellaneous
Autosave
SVG export
PDF export
English, Portuguese, and Italian language support
Integration with other CAD systems
Archimedes uses its own XML-based open format, which resembles SVG. It does not yet include support for other CAD formats, but DXF support is planned.
Development
Archimedes is written in Java, and the latest version runs on Windows, Mac OS X, Linux/Unix based systems, and might run on platforms that are supported by LWJGL and a Java Virtual machine on version 1.5.0 or later.
History
The Archimedes Project started as a collaboration between a group of programmers and architecture students at the University of São Paulo, Brazil, in 2005. The project is currently being worked on as free and open source software. There is a team of students from the University working on it as collaborators under the coordination of Hugo (project leader) but everyone is free to contribute with plugins and/or patches.
Timeline
Archimedes was registered as a SourceForge.net project on July 12, 2005.
The last stable pre-RCP version was 0.16.0, released on October 25, 2000.
The first stable version after the RCP migration was 0.50.0, released on April 25, 2007.
Migration to Eclipse RCP in version 0.5x
A migration to the Eclipse Rich Client Platform in versions 0.5x has greatly improved the user interface model and stability, but some of the functionality from the last pre-RCP version is still being transferred. Version 0.58.0 moved this process a step closer by adding trimming, leader, svg and pdf exporting.
External links
Archimedes Home Page
Archimedes on SourceForge.net
Hugo Corbucci's Blog (Archimedes Project Lead)
Github Repository
References
Computer-aided design software for Linux
Free computer-aided design software
Free software programmed in Java (programming language) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline%20of%20logic | Logic is the formal science of using reason and is considered a branch of both philosophy and mathematics and to a lesser extent computer science. Logic investigates and classifies the structure of statements and arguments, both through the study of formal systems of inference and the study of arguments in natural language. The scope of logic can therefore be very large, ranging from core topics such as the study of fallacies and paradoxes, to specialized analyses of reasoning such as probability, correct reasoning, and arguments involving causality. One of the aims of logic is to identify the correct (or valid) and incorrect (or fallacious) inferences. Logicians study the criteria for the evaluation of arguments.
Foundations of logic
Philosophy of logic
Analytic-synthetic distinction
Antinomy
A priori and a posteriori
Definition
Description
Entailment
Identity (philosophy)
Inference
Logical form
Logical implication
Logical truth
Logical consequence
Name
Necessity
Material conditional
Meaning (linguistic)
Meaning (non-linguistic)
Paradox (list)
Possible world
Presupposition
Probability
Quantification
Reason
Reasoning
Reference
Semantics
Strict conditional
Syntax (logic)
Truth
Truth value
Validity
Branches of logic
Affine logic
Alethic logic
Aristotelian logic
Boolean logic
Buddhist logic
Bunched logic
Categorical logic
Classical logic
Computability logic
Deontic logic
Dependence logic
Description logic
Deviant logic
Doxastic logic
Epistemic logic
First-order logic
Formal logic
Free logic
Fuzzy logic
Higher-order logic
Infinitary logic
Informal logic
Intensional logic
Intermediate logic
Interpretability logic
Intuitionistic logic
Linear logic
Many-valued logic
Mathematical logic
Metalogic
Minimal logic
Modal logic
Non-Aristotelian logic
Non-classical logic
Noncommutative logic
Non-monotonic logic
Ordered logic
Paraconsistent logic
Philosophical logic
Predicate logic
Propositional logic
Provability logic
Quantum logic
Relevance logic
Sequential logic
Strict logic
Substructural logic
Syllogistic logic
Symbolic logic
Temporal logic
Term logic
Topical logic
Traditional logic
Zeroth-order logic
Philosophical logic
Informal logic and critical thinking
Informal logic
Critical thinking
Argumentation theory
Argument
Argument map
Accuracy and precision
Ad hoc hypothesis
Ambiguity
Analysis
Attacking Faulty Reasoning
Belief
Belief bias
Bias
Cognitive bias
Confirmation bias
Credibility
Critical pedagogy
Critical reading
Decidophobia
Decision making
Dispositional and occurrent belief
Emotional reasoning
Evidence
Expert
Explanation
Explanatory power
Fact
Fallacy
Higher-order thinking
Inquiry
Interpretive discussion
Occam's razor
Opinion
Practical syllogism
Precision questioning
Propaganda
Propaganda techniques
Problem Solving
Prudence
Pseudophilosophy
Reasoning
Relevance
Rhetoric
Rigour
Socratic questioning
Source credibility |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Medical%20Education%20Directory | The International Medical Education Directory (IMED) was a public database of worldwide medical schools. The IMED was published as a joint collaboration of the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG) and the Foundation for Advancement of International Medical Education and Research (FAIMER).
The information available in IMED was derived from data collected by the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG) throughout its history of evaluating the medical education credentials of international medical graduates. Using these data as a starting point, Foundation for Advancement of International Medical Education and Research (FAIMER) began developing IMED in 2001 and made it publicly available in April 2002.
In April 2014, IMED was merged with the Avicenna Directory to create the World Directory of Medical Schools. The World Directory is now the definitive list of medical schools in the world, as IMED and Avicenna were discontinued in 2015.
See also
List of medical schools
AVICENNA Directory for medicine
World Directory of Medical Schools
References
External links
World Directory of Medical Schools (WDMS)
FAIMER website
Medical databases
Medical education
Databases |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KXLF-TV | KXLF-TV (channel 4) is a television station in Butte, Montana, United States, affiliated with CBS. Owned by the E. W. Scripps Company, it is part of the Montana Television Network, a statewide network of CBS-affiliated stations. KXLF-TV's studios are located on South Montana Street in downtown Butte, and its transmitter is located on XL Heights east of the city.
KXLF-TV operates a semi-satellite in Bozeman, KBZK (channel 7), with studios on Television Way in Bozeman and transmitter atop High Flat, southwest of Four Corners.
History
KXLF-TV was founded on August 14, 1953. It is Montana's oldest television station, and was originally owned by Television Montana, a company largely owned by industry pioneer Ed Craney; it was a sister station to KXLF radio (AM 1370, now KXTL). At the outset, the station operated on channel 6 as a primary NBC affiliate, with some DuMont programming. The NBC affiliation matched its radio sister, which was part of the "Z-Bar Network," a regional Pacific Northwest radio network based in Portland and including affiliates in Spokane, Helena, Great Falls, Missoula, and Bozeman. KXLF added ABC programming in 1955; soon afterward, the station lost DuMont when it shut down.
KXLF-TV's first home was the second floor of a Pay 'n Save food and drug store in downtown Butte along with KXLF radio. However, the studio soon suffered heavy damages because of a burglary to the grocery store downstairs. The burglars cut a hole in the floor of the studio and used the studio camera cable to climb down and gain access to the grocery store. A few months later, the cable was replaced and the studio was up and running for good.
In addition to network programming, in its early years KXLF-TV aired a number of local programs, all of which was produced live in the studio, including shows and commercials. Some of Butte's local shows in the 1950s were The Oldtimer, featuring John Diz, This Afternoon with You, hosted by Darien Carkeet, What's New? hosted by Ed Craney and KXLF the Clown, featuring Wes Haugen, and Shadow Stumpers where viewers called in to identify what object's shadow was on TV.
KXLF-TV moved to channel 4 in October 1956 due to concerns that the concurrent operation of channel 6 stations in Butte and Pocatello would result in interference (channel 4 had previously been used in Butte by KOPR-TV from 1953 to 1954, while channel 6 would return to the air in Butte as KTVM in 1970). The following year was a time of change for the station. A complicated operation saw the transmitter moved on top of a mountain east of Butte, subsequently dubbed XL Heights. The transmitter tower was directly positioned on the Continental Divide, thereby giving the station the moniker "The Continental Divide Station". The new transmitter location made an off-air signal available for KXLJ-TV in Helena (now KTVH-DT) creating the first TV "network" in Montana. Also in 1957, KXLF found a permanent home in the former Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Rai |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KBZK | KBZK (channel 7) is a television station in Bozeman, Montana, United States, affiliated with CBS. Owned by the E.W. Scripps Company, it is part of the Montana Television Network (MTN), a statewide network of CBS-affiliated stations. KBZK has its studios on Television Way in Bozeman; its primary transmitter is located atop High Flat, southwest of Four Corners.
Although identifying as a separate station in its own right, KBZK is considered a semi-satellite of Butte's KXLF-TV (channel 4). As such, it simulcasts all network and syndicated programming as provided through its parent station but airs separate commercial inserts, legal identifications and weeknight newscasts, and has its own website. Although KBZK maintains its own facilities, master control and some internal operations are based at KXLF-TV's studios on South Montana Street in downtown Butte.
Bozeman's first commercial television station, channel 7 has been on the air since 1987.
History
Early years
Very high frequency (VHF) channel 7 was originally allocated as the educational channel for Butte. However, plans for educational broadcasting in Montana had failed to get off the ground; the 1975 Montana Legislature scuttled a proposed educational network using the Butte channel 7 allotment. When Robert L. Cooper, a Bozeman native, decided to pursue a television station for the city, he filed with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to have channel 7 moved from Butte to Bozeman for commercial use, rejecting the use of a channel on the ultra high frequency (UHF) band as unsuitable. PBS agreed to the idea of adding channel 2 to Butte for educational use there, making it feasible for channel 7 to be reallocated to Bozeman. Several groups objected to the proposal, including Butte station KXLF-TV; Rocky Mountain Public Television; and Governor Thomas Judge, who continued his objection even after learning that plans would keep an educational channel in Butte. KXLF had objected as part of the Montana Television Network as a whole; it feared that putting channel 2 at Butte would cause eventual interference issues with KTVQ in Billings on the same channel. The FCC, however, found that a growing Bozeman merited a commercial VHF station and granted Cooper's request in November 1980.
Cooper was among four applicants for the channel once applications closed in September 1981, joined by Edward Johnson, an attorney from Knoxville, Tennessee; Tri-B Broadcasting of Plentywood; and Bee Broadcasting, owned by Benny Bee, a radio DJ from Whitefish. However, a comparative hearing among the four applicants, scheduled for August 1982, was forestalled when merger negotiations began among the group; by this time, Johnson had all but dropped out. Bee Broadcasting owned 90 percent and Tri-B the remainder of the merged entity; Cooper's company, New West Broadcasting, dropped out in exchange for reimbursement of its expenses. The construction permit was issued by the FCC on December 22, 1982.
Bee approached |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis%20of%20competing%20hypotheses | The analysis of competing hypotheses (ACH) is a methodology for evaluating multiple competing hypotheses for observed data. It was developed by Richards (Dick) J. Heuer, Jr., a 45-year veteran of the Central Intelligence Agency, in the 1970s for use by the Agency. ACH is used by analysts in various fields who make judgments that entail a high risk of error in reasoning. ACH aims to help an analyst overcome, or at least minimize, some of the cognitive limitations that make prescient intelligence analysis so difficult to achieve.
ACH was a step forward in intelligence analysis methodology, but it was first described in relatively informal terms. Producing the best available information from uncertain data remains the goal of researchers, tool-builders, and analysts in industry, academia and government. Their domains include data mining, cognitive psychology and visualization, probability and statistics, etc. Abductive reasoning is an earlier concept with similarities to ACH.
Process
Heuer outlines the ACH process in considerable depth in his book, Psychology of Intelligence Analysis. It consists of the following steps:
Hypothesis – The first step of the process is to identify all potential hypotheses, preferably using a group of analysts with different perspectives to brainstorm the possibilities. The process discourages the analyst from choosing one "likely" hypothesis and using evidence to prove its accuracy. Cognitive bias is minimized when all possible hypotheses are considered.
Evidence – The analyst then lists evidence and arguments (including assumptions and logical deductions) for and against each hypothesis.
Diagnostics – Using a matrix, the analyst applies evidence against each hypothesis in an attempt to disprove as many theories as possible. Some evidence will have greater "diagnosticity" than other evidence—that is, some will be more helpful in judging the relative likelihood of alternative hypotheses. This step is the most important, according to Heuer. Instead of looking at one hypothesis and all the evidence ("working down" the matrix), the analyst is encouraged to consider one piece of evidence at a time, and examine it against all possible hypotheses ("working across" the matrix).
Refinement – The analyst reviews the findings, identifies any gaps, and collects any additional evidence needed to refute as many of the remaining hypotheses as possible.
Inconsistency – The analyst then seeks to draw tentative conclusions about the relative likelihood of each hypothesis. Less consistency implies a lower likelihood. The least consistent hypotheses are eliminated. While the matrix generates a definitive mathematical total for each hypothesis, the analyst must use their judgment to make the final conclusion. The result of the ACH analysis itself must not overrule analysts' own judgments.
Sensitivity – The analyst tests the conclusions using sensitivity analysis, which weighs how the conclusion would be affected if key evidence or a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Zealand%20DSJ%20class%20locomotive | The New Zealand DSJ class is a class of diesel-electric shunting locomotive used on the New Zealand rail network. The class has a very similar overall design to the DSG class, but is instead single-engined, has a cab that is offset from the centre and is both shorter and lighter than its twin-engined counterpart.
Introduction
The first DSJ was assembled in Japan by Toshiba Heavy Industries in 1983 and arrived in New Zealand in 1984. Toshiba are the same company who built the EO class electric locomotives. The remaining four were assembled at the former Addington Workshops in Christchurch, and entered service from 1984 to 1985.
With only five members in this class, it represents one of the smallest contingents of shunt locomotives in current use.
In service
The locomotives have spent most of their time in use at the Te Rapa Marshalling Yard and Picton, and have ventured elsewhere on the network from time to time, including Ahuriri in Napier.
Accidents
On the afternoon of 1 September 2021, DSJ4004 and a wagon went off the end of the rail ferry linkspan at Picton and into the harbour. The wagon and locomotive were retrieved from the harbour on 2 and 3 September 2021 respectively. No one was injured during the incident. Due to the cost of repairing the flooded locomotive, DSJ4004 was written off and became a parts donor for the remainder of the fleet.
References
Further reading
Diesel-electric locomotives of New Zealand
3 ft 6 in gauge locomotives of New Zealand
Railway locomotives introduced in 1984 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1996%20in%20machinima | The following is a list of notable machinima-related events in the year 1996. These include the release of id Software's first-person shooter computer game Quake. This game was used to create the first machinima works later that year.
Events
May 31 – id Software released Quake.
Notable machinima releases
October 26 – United Ranger Films released the first known machinima production, Diary of a Camper.
October 31 – United Ranger Films released Ranger Gone Bad.
November 6 – United Ranger Films released Torn Apart, a short horror film that used custom "RangerCam" technology.
December 2 – United Ranger Films released Ranger Gone Bad 2: Assault on Gloom Keep.
December 13 – United Ranger Films released Torn Apart 2: Ranger Down!, the first machinima work to feature voices.
Notes
References
Machinima
Machinima by year |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typical%20meteorological%20year | Typical meteorological year (TMY) is a collation of selected weather data for a specific location, listing hourly values of solar radiation and meteorological elements for a one-year period. The values are generated from a data bank much longer than a year in duration, at least 12 years. It is specially selected so that it presents the range of weather phenomena for the location in question, while still giving annual averages that are consistent with the long-term averages for the location in question.
TMY data is frequently used in building simulation, in order to assess the expected heating and cooling costs for the design of the building. It is also used by designers of solar energy systems including solar domestic hot water systems and large-scale solar thermal power plants. Since they represent typical rather than extreme conditions, they are not suited for designing systems to meet the worst-case conditions occurring at a location. The source data are available for download from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
The first TMY collection was based on 229 locations in the US and was collected between 1948 and 1980. The second edition of the TMY is called "TMY2". It is based on 239 stations collecting data between 1961 and 1990. The TMY2 data include Precipitable water column (precipitable moisture), which is important in predicting radiative cooling. The third, and latest TMY collection (TMY3) was based on data for 1020 locations in the USA including Guam, Puerto Rico, and US Virgin Islands, derived from a 1976-2005 period of record where available, and a 1991-2005 period of record for all other locations. To account for the recent changes in climate, a set of updated TMY collection called "TMYx" has been published by the creators of EnergyPlus software covering the period from 2006 and 2021 for about 16,000 locations globally.
Commercial software packages supporting simulations using TMY data include TRNSYS, PV*SOL, PVscout, nPro and PVsyst. TMY data specific for specific locations will usually need to be paid for. On the other hand, an advanced, comprehensive, and free simulation package developed under funding from the US Department of Energy called EnergyPlus also reads TMY3 data files, and a large number of these are available at no cost from their website.
NREL provides access to TMY2 and TMY3 data sets and also uses these data sets in its online solar energy calculator PVWatts.
References
External links
Weather data for more than 2100 locations worldwide
Map of EnergyPlus weather data locations
TMY data for the United States and its territories
Weather data - typical Weather worldwide
Climate One Building - Repository of free climate data for building performance simulation
Climatology |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%20Database | The Ki Database (or Ki DB) is a public domain database of published binding affinities (Ki) of drugs and chemical compounds for receptors, neurotransmitter transporters, ion channels, and enzymes. The resource is maintained by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and is funded by the NIMH Psychoactive Drug Screening Program and by a gift from the Heffter Research Institute. , the database had data for 7 449 compounds at 738 different receptors and, , 67 696 Ki values.
The Ki database has data useful for both chemical biology and chemogenetics.
External links
Description
Search form
BindingDB.org - A similar publicly available database
Biological databases
Chemical databases
Public domain databases |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arista | Arista may refer to:
Organizations
Arista Networks, a software-defined networking company
Arista Records, an American record label, division of Sony Music
Arista Nashville, a record label specializing in country music
Arista (honor society), the name of New York public school chapters of the National Honor Society
People
Íñigo Arista of Pamplona (ca 790–851), first King of Pamplona
Mariano Arista (1802–1855), President of Mexico
Noelani Arista, Hawaiian and American historian
Other uses
Arista (1956 automobile), a French automobile produced from 1952 to 1967
Arista (1912 automobile), a French automobile produced from 1912 to 1915
Arista, one of Ariel's elder sisters from The Little Mermaid series
Arista (insect anatomy), a bristle or bristle-like appendage
Villa de Arista, a town and municipality in central Mexico
Arista, West Virginia, an unincorporated community
See also
Aristo (disambiguation)
Ariston (disambiguation)
Aristotle (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DCG%20Radio-TV%20Network | Katigbak Enterprises, Inc., doing business as DCG Radio-TV Network, is a Philippine media network owned and majority-controlled by the Ojeda family led by Mulanay politician Joselito Ojeda. Its corporate headquarters are located at 1022 DCG Tower 1, Maharlika Hi-Way, Brgy. Isabang, Tayabas.
DCG stands for Domingo C. Garcia, Jr., a stakeholder of this company. It is formerly known as ConAmor Broadcasting Systems, Inc. prior to Garcia's acquisition of part of the company.
TV stations
Analog
Digital
Radio stations
Source:
AM stations
FM stations
Former stations
References
Television networks in the Philippines
Radio stations in the Philippines
Television channels and stations established in 1986
Radio stations established in 1986
1986 establishments in the Philippines |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.323 | H.323 is a recommendation from the ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) that defines the protocols to provide audio-visual communication sessions on any packet network. The H.323 standard addresses call signaling and control, multimedia transport and control, and bandwidth control for point-to-point and multi-point conferences.
It is widely implemented by voice and videoconferencing equipment manufacturers, is used within various Internet real-time applications such as GnuGK and NetMeeting and is widely deployed worldwide by service providers and enterprises for both voice and video services over IP networks.
It is a part of the ITU-T H.32x series of protocols, which also address multimedia communications over ISDN, the PSTN or SS7, and 3G mobile networks.
H.323 call signaling is based on the ITU-T Recommendation Q.931 protocol and is suited for transmitting calls across networks using a mixture of IP, PSTN, ISDN, and QSIG over ISDN. A call model, similar to the ISDN call model, eases the introduction of IP telephony into existing networks of ISDN-based PBX systems, including transitions to IP-based PBXs.
Within the context of H.323, an IP-based PBX might be a gatekeeper or other call control element which provides service to telephones or videophones. Such a device may provide or facilitate both basic services and supplementary services, such as call transfer, park, pick-up, and hold.
History
The first version of H.323 was published by the ITU in November 1996 with an emphasis of enabling videoconferencing capabilities over a local area network (LAN), but was quickly adopted by the industry as a means of transmitting voice communication over a variety of IP networks, including WANs and the Internet (see VoIP).
Over the years, H.323 has been revised and re-published with enhancements necessary to better enable both voice and video functionality over packet-switched networks, with each version being backward-compatible with the previous version. Recognizing that H.323 was being used for communication not only on LANs, but over WANs and within large carrier networks, the title of H.323 was changed when published in 1998. The title, which has since remained unchanged, is "Packet-Based Multimedia Communications Systems." The current version of H.323 was approved in 2009.
One strength of H.323 was the relatively early availability of a set of standards not only defining the basic call model, but also the supplementary services needed to address business communication expectations.
H.323 was the first VoIP standard to adopt the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) to transport audio and video over IP networks.
Protocols
H.323 is a system specification that describes the use of several ITU-T and IETF protocols. The protocols that comprise the core of almost any H.323 system are:
H.225.0 Registration, Admission and Status (RAS), which is used between an H.323 endpoint and a Gatek |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZNC | ZNC is an IRC network bouncer or BNC. It can detach the client from the actual IRC server, and also from selected channels. Multiple clients from different locations can connect to a single ZNC account simultaneously and therefore appear under the same nickname on IRC. It supports Transport Layer Security connections and IPv6.
ZNC is written in C++ and licensed under the Apache-2.0 license.
The main program, which already features multiple users, per channel playback buffers and transparent DCC bouncing, can be extended using modules. Modules can be written in Python, Perl, Tcl, or C++.
Available modules comprise logging functionality, Blowfish encryption, user and channel management, away functionality, a partyline and more. A very popular module is webadmin: it provides a way to manage users and channels conveniently using only a web browser. ZNC also supports ident spoofing via oidentd.
ZNC has been in development since July 2004 as an alternative to psyBNC and new releases are made regularly. It has received favorable reviews, especially in comparison to psyBNC, and has an active community on IRC.
In mid-2009, ZNC's popularity among iPhone users increased after notification modules for Colloquy and Growl were published.
Since 2012, IRC clients started to integrate with ZNC: while sending channel buffers to the client, ZNC uses a timestamp indicating when each message was received, and the client shows this instead of the time when the client received the buffer. This functionality is implemented as a protocol extension.
References
External links
on Libera.chat
#ZNC on EFnet
Internet Relay Chat bouncers, gateways and proxies
Internet privacy software
Free software programmed in C++
2004 software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZCO | ZCO could refer to:
Croxley tube station, London; National Rail station code ZCO
La Araucanía International Airport near Temuco, Chile; IATA airport code ZCO
The Zonal Computing Olympiad, one of the component competitions of the Indian Computing Olympiad |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KETD | KETD (channel 53) is a television station licensed to Castle Rock, Colorado, United States, broadcasting the Spanish-language Estrella TV network to the Denver area. Owned and operated by Estrella Media, the station maintains offices on East Jamison Circle in Englewood, and its transmitter is located on Mount Morrison in western Jefferson County.
History
The station first signed on the air on July 1, 1990, as KWHD. Founded by LeSEA Broadcasting (now Family Broadcasting Corporation), the station carried a mix of Christian-targeted programs, family-oriented syndicated programs and movies. Christian programming aired for much of the broadcast day, with breakaway windows for secular programming (including sitcoms, westerns and public domain movies) each weekday from 2 to 7 p.m. and a scattered amount for a few hours a day on Saturdays, which included a morning children's program block, and a schedule consisting entirely of Christian-oriented religious programs on Sundays. By 2008, KWHD claimed to be "the only full-time, commercial, independent TV station in Colorado." Its schedule by this point was split between family-oriented secular programming and local sports programming 40% of the time and Christian religious programs for the remaining 60% of the broadcast day outside of Sundays.
On January 28, 2010, LeSEA announced that it would sell KWHD to Liberman Broadcasting (which was renamed Estrella Media in February 2020, following a corporate reorganization of the company under private equity firm HPS Investment Partners, LLC). On June 1, 2010, the station became an owned-and-operated station of the Liberman-owned Estrella TV and changed its call letters to KETD. As part of the deal, KETD agreed to lease its second digital subchannel to LeSEA to continue carrying its programming (which was also carried on the station's former semi-translator KWHS-LD in Colorado Springs, which LeSEA owned until 2018).
Technical information
Subchannels
The station's signal is multiplexed:
Analog-to-digital conversion
KETD shut down its analog signal, over UHF channel 53, on January 16, 2009. The station's digital signal remained on its pre-transition UHF channel 46. Through the use of PSIP, digital television receivers display the station's virtual channel as its former UHF analog channel 53, which was among the high band UHF channels (52-69) that were removed from broadcasting use as a result of the transition.
References
External links
Estrella TV affiliates
Television channels and stations established in 1990
1990 establishments in Colorado
ETD
ETD
Estrella Media stations
Castle Rock, Colorado |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Council%20on%20Compensation%20Insurance | The National Council on Compensation Insurance (NCCI) is a U.S. insurance rating and data collection bureau specializing in workers' compensation. Operating with a not-for-profit philosophy and owned by its member insurers, NCCI annually collects data covering more than four million workers compensation claims and two million policies. The bureau uses this information to provide:
Analysis of industry trends in workers' compensation costs
Workers compensation insurance rate and loss cost recommendations
Cost analysis of proposed legislation regarding workers' compensation regulations and benefits
Special claims research projects
Analysis of judicial and regulatory decisions on workers' compensation
Cooperation with other data-collection agencies to ensure a credible database
NCCI also produces a number of manuals that govern the details of how Workers Compensation insurance premiums are calculated in many (but not all) states. Among these manuals are the Basic Manual (which sets out rules on the classification code system, payroll amounts used to compute premiums, and changes in classifications and premiums); Experience Rating Manual (which details rules governing how Experience Modification Factors are computed and used in Workers Compensation insurance premiums); and the Scopes Manual (which details how NCCI intends the various classification codes to be assigned to various kinds of employment).
NCCI also computes the experience modification factors used in most states to adjust employers' Workers Compensation insurance premiums, using loss and payroll data reported by the various member insurance companies that are part of NCCI.
NCCI provides data and analysis to insurance companies, state workers' compensation insurance funds, regulatory authorities, employers needing information on workers' compensation issues, and non-governmental workers' compensation agencies. The bureau is headquartered in Boca Raton, Florida with regional offices throughout the United States. The current president and CEO is William Donnell. A board of directors composed of representatives of affiliated insurers and outside organizations oversees the bureau's activities.
External links
NCCI website
Online Guide to Workers Compensation Insurance
Insurance in the United States
Workers' compensation |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KDOR-TV | KDOR-TV (channel 17) is a religious television station licensed to Bartlesville, Oklahoma, United States, serving the Tulsa area as an owned-and-operated station of the Trinity Broadcasting Network (TBN). The station's transmitter is located in rural northwestern Rogers County (southwest of Talala). As of 2018, KDOR-TV's studio facilities on North Yellowwood Avenue (east of the Mingo Valley Expressway) in Broken Arrow are closed. Broadcasts continue as all program content is generated at TBN's International Production Center in Irving, Texas.
History
The station first signed on the air in January 1987.
Subchannels
References
External links
KDOR-TV FCC Public File
TBN official website
Trinity Broadcasting Network affiliates
Television channels and stations established in 1987
1987 establishments in Oklahoma
DOR-TV
Bartlesville, Oklahoma |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim%20Ellis%20%28computing%29 | James Tice Ellis (May 6, 1956June 28, 2001) was an American computer scientist best known as the co-creator of Usenet, along with Tom Truscott.
Ellis was born in Nashville, Tennessee to Henry Ellis (an auditor and teacher) and Elsa Ellis. James Ellis grew up in Orlando, Florida. Before developing Usenet, Ellis attended Duke University. After graduating, Ellis worked for the Microelectronics Center of North Carolina in Research Triangle Park, N.C. He later worked as an Internet security consultant for Sun Microsystems. He was also Manager of Technical Development at CERT. He came up with the word Usenet.
Ellis and Truscott were awarded the 1995 USENIX Lifetime Achievement Award.
Personal life and death
Ellis and his wife, Carolyn, had two children.
He died of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, a form of blood cancer, at his home in Harmony, Pennsylvania on June 28, 2001. He was 45.
References
External links
Usenet creator Jim Ellis dies, Associated Press, on USAToday.com, June 29, 2001, retrieved on December 22, 2006.
Second Annual EFF Pioneer Awards
1956 births
2001 deaths
Scientists from Nashville, Tennessee
Duke University alumni
American computer scientists
Usenet people
Deaths from non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Deaths from cancer in Pennsylvania |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-tail%20stingray | The short-tail stingray or smooth stingray (Bathytoshia brevicaudata) is a common species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae. It occurs off southern Africa, typically offshore at a depth of , and off southern Australia and New Zealand, from the intertidal zone to a depth of . It is mostly bottom-dwelling in nature and can be found across a range of habitats from estuaries to reefs, but also frequently will swim into open water. One of the largest stingrays in the world, this heavy-bodied species can grow upwards of across and in weight. Its plain-colored, diamond-shaped pectoral fin disc is characterized by a lack of dermal denticles even in adults, and white pores beside the head on either side. The body can have colors as well as dark grey or black with rows of white spots along each wing. Its tail is usually shorter than the disc and thick at the base. It is armed with large tubercles and a midline row of large thorns in front of the stinging spine which has the dorsal and ventral fin folds behind.
The diet of the short-tail stingray consists of invertebrates and bony fishes, including burrowing and midwater species. It tends to remain within a relatively limited area throughout the year, preferring deeper waters during the winter, and is not known to perform long migrations. Large aggregations of rays form seasonally at certain locations, such as in the summer at the Poor Knight Islands off New Zealand. Both birthing and mating have been documented within the aggregations at Poor Knights. This species is aplacental viviparous, with the developing embryos sustained by histotroph ("uterine milk") produced by the mother. The litter size is typically but litter sizes of up to fifteen are not unheard of.
The short-tail stingray is not aggressive, but is capable of inflicting a lethal wound with its long, venomous sting. It is often caught incidentally by commercial and recreational fisheries throughout its range, usually surviving to be released. Because its population does not appear threatened by human activity, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists it under least concern.
Taxonomy
The original description of the short-tail stingray was made by Frederick Hutton, curator of the Otago Museum, from a female specimen across caught off Dunedin in New Zealand. He published his account in an 1875 issue of the scientific journal Annals and Magazine of Natural History, in which he named the new species Trygon brevicaudata, derived from the Latin brevis ("short") and cauda ("tail"). Although long assigned to Dasyatis, recent work by Last et al. (2016) resurrected Bathytoshia for it and the broad stingray, as well as the roughtail stingray. The short-tail stingray may also be referred to as giant black ray, giant stingray, New Zealand short-tail stingaree, Schreiners ray, short-tailed stingaree, shorttail black stingray, and smooth short-tailed stingray. It is closely related to the similar-looking but smaller pitted sti |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nullsleep | Nullsleep (born Jeremiah Johnson October 7, 1980) is an American electronic musician and computer artist currently residing in New York City. In 1999 he co-founded the low-bit art collective 8bitpeoples, and has served as its lead director since its inception. He is best known for his high-energy Game Boy pop songs.
Johnson graduated from the Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science at Columbia University in 2003, where he studied computer science and music. He uses Game Boys and NES consoles to create music.
Biography
1980 to 1998: Formative Experiences
Born on a United States Air Force base, March AFB in Riverside, California, Johnson's family relocated to New York upon his father's honorable discharge from the USAF shortly after his birth. Most of his childhood was spent on suburban Long Island, where he attended Islip High School and lived with his mother and brother until he was 18 years old.
Johnson has cited the film Electric Dreams as an influential force in his early musical pursuits. Inspired by a Giorgio Moroder arrangement of a minuet featured in the film, Johnson took 3 weeks of cello lessons during one summer of his adolescence. This would be the only formal musical training he would have until entering university. However, Moroder's synthesizer-driven Italo disco style would have a more lasting effect.
Throughout his high school years, Johnson spent increasing amounts of time working with computers, coding BASIC programs with his younger brother, following the demoscene, and exploring the web. It was during this time that he met Mike Hanlon in an Internet chatroom – together the two would go on to found 8bitpeoples.
1999 to 2004: Early History
In September 1999, Johnson began studying at Columbia University in New York City. Around this time the idea for 8bitpeoples was born out of an IM conversation he had with friend Mike Hanlon. The idea for the group centered on forming a collective of like-minded musicians, who were inspired or influenced by the aesthetics of early videogames and were interested in offering their music for free through digital distribution. Johnson put together their first website and hosted it on the desktop computer in his university dorm room. Early on he established himself as the driving force behind the group, acting as organizing and directing 8bitpeoples, while also actively contributing as an artist.
His early works bear little resemblance to the style and direction that his music would later take. Wooden Polyurethane Papers, his first release, is a silly and playful collection of loosely constructed songs with a penchant for raw waveforms, simplistic synths, and low-quality samples. He followed this with Click Bleep Click, a 3-track EP consisting of much more complex compositions that tend toward bittersweet melodies, processed videogame samples, and field recordings from around Manhattan. This is an interesting entry within Nullsleep's discography as it shows a very different d |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aggregate%20function | In database management, an aggregate function or aggregation function is a function where the values of multiple rows in a single column are processed together to form a single summary value.
Common aggregate functions include:
Average (i.e., arithmetic mean)
Count
Maximum
Median
Minimum
Mode
Range
Sum
Others include:
Nanmean (mean ignoring NaN values, also known as "nil" or "null")
Stddev
Formally, an aggregate function takes as input a set, a multiset (bag), or a list from some input domain and outputs an element of an output domain . The input and output domains may be the same, such as for SUM, or may be different, such as for COUNT.
Aggregate functions occur commonly in numerous programming languages, in spreadsheets, and in relational algebra.
The listagg function, as defined in the SQL:2016 standard
aggregates data from multiple rows into a single concatenated string.
In the entity relationship diagram, aggregation is represented as seen in Figure 1 with a rectangle around the relationship and its entities to indicate that it is being treated as an aggregate entity.
Decomposable aggregate functions
Aggregate functions present a bottleneck, because they potentially require having all input values at once. In distributed computing, it is desirable to divide such computations into smaller pieces, and distribute the work, usually computing in parallel, via a divide and conquer algorithm.
Some aggregate functions can be computed by computing the aggregate for subsets, and then aggregating these aggregates; examples include COUNT, MAX, MIN, and SUM. In other cases the aggregate can be computed by computing auxiliary numbers for subsets, aggregating these auxiliary numbers, and finally computing the overall number at the end; examples include AVERAGE (tracking sum and count, dividing at the end) and RANGE (tracking max and min, subtracting at the end). In other cases the aggregate cannot be computed without analyzing the entire set at once, though in some cases approximations can be distributed; examples include DISTINCT COUNT (Count-distinct problem), MEDIAN, and MODE.
Such functions are called decomposable aggregation functions or decomposable aggregate functions. The simplest may be referred to as self-decomposable aggregation functions, which are defined as those functions such that there is a merge operator such that
where is the union of multisets (see monoid homomorphism).
For example, SUM:
, for a singleton;
, meaning that merge is simply addition.
COUNT:
,
.
MAX:
,
.
MIN:
,
.
Note that self-decomposable aggregation functions can be combined (formally, taking the product) by applying them separately, so for instance one can compute both the SUM and COUNT at the same time, by tracking two numbers.
More generally, one can define a decomposable aggregation function as one that can be expressed as the composition of a final function and a self-decomposable aggregation function , . For example, AVERAGE=SUM/COUN |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashwin%20Navin | Ashwin Navin (born c.1977) is an American entrepreneur, who is the CEO and co-founder of Samba TV, a data and analytics service that measures television viewership using opt-in data from Internet-connected devices and set-top boxes. The company has been compared to more traditional TV measurement firms like Nielsen which rely on the people meter to gather viewership data.
Prior to Samba TV, Navin was the president and co-founder of BitTorrent, Inc. He joined Bram Cohen, the inventor of BitTorrent, in 2004 and reportedly handled business and company-related matters while Cohen focused on engineering and product development.
Navin reportedly evaluated Cohen's invention for Yahoo! in 2004. Although it was a notable development for the Internet, BitTorrent was widely considered to be the bane of the film industry, because it made the cost of transferring large files, including unlicensed film copies, negligible to the end user.
Navin is also an investor in SELFMADE, Collective, Invisible Commerce, Klarna, Cameo (website), GGWP, Convoy Inc, Impossible Foods, vidIQ, Touch of Modern, Crunchyroll, and HappyCow.
Early career
Navin is a 1999 graduate of Claremont McKenna College with a dual B.A. in government and economics. Before BitTorrent, he was employed at Yahoo! from 2002 to 2004 in its corporate development group which handled corporate strategy and acquisitions. Before Yahoo!, Navin worked on Wall Street with Goldman Sachs and Merrill Lynch both as an investment banker and research analyst.
In 2000, Navin helped start a technology-based financial services company called Epoch Partners. Epoch was essentially the investment banking arm of several online stock brokerages including Charles Schwab, Ameritrade, and TD Waterhouse. Epoch Partners was eventually acquired by Goldman Sachs in 2001.
Commercializing BitTorrent
Cohen entrusted Navin with the responsibility of crafting a business model for BitTorrent with hopes of bringing BitTorrent out of the fringes and into the mainstream. Navin has assumed the public face of the company as an evangelist for its commercial viability. In 2007, Navin launched 3 commercial products: the BitTorrent Entertainment Network in February, the BitTorrent SDK in June, and BitTorrent DNA in October. As the foundation for these products, in 2006 Navin acquired uTorrent which is the largest Torrent client in the world, outside China.
To catalyze BitTorrent's commercialization, Navin began by engaging movie industry executives directly. Although predicted by many to be highly unlikely, BitTorrent has struck relationships with many major media companies including Warner Brothers, 20th Century Fox, Paramount Pictures, MTV, Lionsgate, Kadokawa Pictures, and some others.
Beyond copyright issues, BitTorrent also faced struggles with cable companies and ISPs which were overwhelmed with high volumes of P2P traffic on their networks. In the wake of FCC hearings that pitted Comcast and BitTorrent against each other for |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time%20Machine%20%28macOS%29 | Time Machine is the backup mechanism of macOS, the desktop operating system developed by Apple. The software is designed to work with both local storage devices and network-attached disks, and is most commonly used with external disk drives connected using either USB or Thunderbolt. It was first introduced in Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard, which appeared in October 2007 and incrementally refined in subsequent releases of macOS. Time Machine was revamped in macOS 11 Big Sur to support APFS, thereby enabling "faster, more compact, and more reliable backups" than were possible previously.
Overview
Time Machine creates incremental backups of files that can be restored at a later date. It allows the user to restore the whole system or specific files. It also works within a number of applications such as Mail and iWork, making it possible to restore individual objects (e.g. emails, contacts, text documents, presentations) without leaving the application. According to an Apple support statement:
“Time Machine is a backup utility, not an archival utility, it is not intended as offline storage. Time Machine captures the most recent state of your data on your disk. As snapshots age, they are prioritized progressively lower compared to your more recent ones.”
For backups to a network drive, Time Machine allows the user to back up Mac computers over the network, and supports backing up to certain network attached storage devices or servers, depending on the version of Time Machine. Earlier versions worked with a wide variety of NAS servers, but later versions require the server to support a recent version of Apple's Apple Filing Protocol (AFP) or a recent version of the Server Message Block (SMB) protocol, and Time Machine no longer works with servers using earlier versions of SMB. Some of the legacy support can be re-enabled by using hand-tuned configuration options, accessed through the Terminal. Apple's Time Capsule, which was introduced in 2008 and discontinued in 2018, acted as a network storage device specifically for Time Machine backups, allowing both wired and wireless backups to the Time Capsule's internal hard drive. Time Machine may also be used with other external or internal volumes.
Time Machine saves hourly backups for the past 24 hours, daily backups for the past month, and weekly backups for everything older than a month until the volume runs out of space. At that point, Time Machine deletes the oldest weekly backup.
Revamp in macOS Big Sur
Time Machine was overhauled in macOS 11 Big Sur to utilize APFS, Apple's modern file system first introduced in 2016. Specifically, the new version of Time Machine makes use of APFS's snapshot technology. According to Apple, this enables "faster, more compact, and more reliable backups" than were possible previously with HFS+-formatted drives. An independent evaluation of this claim found that macOS 11's Time Machine implementation in conjunction with APFS was 2.75-fold faster upon initial local backup and |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/201%20%28number%29 | 201 (two hundred [and] one) is the natural number following 200 and preceding 202.
In mathematics
As the two proper factors of 201 are both Gaussian primes, 201 is a Blum integer.
In computing
201 is an HTTP status code indicating a new resource was successfully created in response to the request, with the textual part of the response line indicating the URL of the newly created document.
In astronomy
201 is a Saros cycle; the next solar eclipse in this cycle is predicted to take place in AD 3223..
The New General Catalogue object NGC201 is a magnitude 15 spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus.
201 Penelope is a large Main belt asteroid discovered in 1879.
In other fields
A 201 file is the term used in the U.S. Army for the set of documents maintained by the US government for members of the Armed Forces recording their service history. It is also referred to as the Official Military Personnel File.
201 in binary (11001001) is the title of an episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation.
Area code 201 is the area code assigned to northern New Jersey in the United States.
201 is the course number of basic or entry-level courses at some Canadian universities (such as the University of Calgary and Athabasca University), especially if the number 101 is allocated to remedial courses.
201 is also short for 201 Poplar, the jail in Memphis, Tennessee, and alluded to in many rap songs from Memphis artists.
in Philippine employment, a 201 file is a file detailing an employee's history and records with a particular employer
The 201 Class diesel locomotive used by Iarnród Éireann and NI Railways.
The 201 series is a Japanese commuter train type
The EMI 201 television camera use in the 1960s
"201" is the title of an episode of South Park.
Event 201, a pandemic exercise
Integers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strongbolt | Strongbolt is an operating system installation application based on the Linux operating system written by James McLoughlin.
The Strongbolt operating system is specifically for Cobalt RaQ Appliance Servers.
Sun Microsystems discontinued the popular Cobalt server appliances in 2004.
Strongbolt was created in order to provide a new, actively developed operating system for these Server appliances.
Strongbolt OS is a CentOS and BlueQuartz operating system installer for Cobalt RaQ and Cobalt Qube servers.
The system installs similarly to the original Cobalt RaQ install disk. The new StrongBolt 2 release can also be installed from a USB key directly in the USB port. Strongbolt has been out of active development for several years.
Internals
CentOS 4.4 with an older 2.6 Linux Kernel and the BlueQuartz administration panel.
Installs CentOS + Bluequartz on Cobalt RaQ3's, RaQ4's, RaQ550 and Qube3.
See also
Operating system
Server
External links
Strongbolt: CentOS 4 and BlueQuartz install disk for Cobalt server appliances
Sun Microsystems server appliances: End of life products
BlueQuartz, a project started with the source code for Qube and RaQ that Sun released under the BSD license after EOL of the Cobalt appliances
Linux-based devices
Server appliance |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Computer%20Camps | National Computer Camps are computer camps for children and teens founded in 1977 by Dr. Michael Zabinski. There are locations at Fairfield University in Fairfield, Connecticut, where Dr. Zabinski is a professor of physics and engineering; Oglethorpe University in Atlanta, Georgia; and Baldwin Wallace University in Cleveland, Ohio.
The focus of NCC is 2D and 3D video game design, computer programming, digital video production, web page design, A+ and Network+ certification, Android App programming, and software applications including animation, Flash and Photoshop. An optional sports program is also available. Each week, all levels of programming are offered in Basic, C++, Java, assembler, HTML, XML, and JavaScript. Campers may attend one or multi-week sessions.
NCC was the first summer camp for children founded with a primary focus on computing.
References
External links
National Computer Camps Official Website
1977 establishments in Connecticut
Computing and society
Summer camps in the United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WVCY-FM | WVCY-FM (107.7 MHz) is a radio station located in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Owned by VCY America, WVCY-FM is the flagship affiliate of their Milwaukee-based Christian radio network. The station also has multiple translators within the state of Wisconsin and several other Midwest states.
VCY America was founded by Vic Eliason.
Programming
WVCY's programming includes Christian Talk and Teaching programming including; Crosstalk, Worldview Weekend with Brannon Howse, Grace to You with John MacArthur, In Touch with Dr. Charles Stanley, Love Worth Finding with Adrian Rogers, Revive Our Hearts with Nancy DeMoss Wolgemuth, The Alternative with Tony Evans, Liberty Counsel's Faith and Freedom Report, Thru the Bible with J. Vernon McGee, Joni and Friends, Unshackled!, and Moody Radio's Stories of Great Christians.
WVCY also airs a variety of vocal and instrumental traditional Christian Music (and completely disallows Christian Contemporary Music in any form, to the point outside programming is dropped if it plays it), as well as children's programming such as Ranger Bill. The station also carries political debates from the state's public television networks, along with major speeches such as the State of the Union Address.
History
The station was first licensed February 26, 1964, and held the call sign WBON. The station aired religious and classical music. On June 11, 1973, the station's call sign was changed to WVCY.
Translators
WVCY-FM has one direct translator located in Sheboygan, which transmits from a county-owned tower located within Taylor Park.
See also
VCY America
Vic Eliason
List of VCY America Radio Stations
References
External links
VCY America official website
VCY-FM
VCY-FM
Radio stations established in 1964
1964 establishments in Wisconsin
VCY America stations |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Something%20So%20Right%20%28TV%20series%29 | Something So Right is an American sitcom television series which ran on two different networks during its time on the air.
Something So Right starred Mel Harris as Carly Davis, a twice-divorced party planner who had married Jack Farrell (Jere Burns), a divorced English teacher. They had three children, one from each of their former marriages.
This program premiered on NBC on September 17, 1996, hammocked between the Top 30 hit Mad About You and the Top 20 hit Frasier; the hammocking effort did not work, and was canceled the following spring after finishing the season in 39th place with a 9.5 rating. It was picked up as a midseason replacement on ABC the next year, running until July 7, 1998, finishing its second season in 56th place with an 8.2 rating.
Characters
Carly Davis (Mel Harris) – Carly is a party planner married to Jack Farrell. She has two biological children from two previous husbands: her son Will Pacino, from her first husband, Dante, and her daughter Sarah, from her second husband, Sheldon.
Jack Farrell (Jere Burns) – Jack is a teacher and is currently married to Carly. He has a daughter named Nicole from his ex-wife Stephanie. Jack also has two stepchildren, Will and Sarah.
Will Pacino (Billy L. Sullivan) – Carly's son from her first husband, Dante. Will lives with his mother, stepfather, half-sister, and stepsister. In the first few episodes, Will starts having a crush on Nicole, but he later falls in love with her friend Cindy and dates a girl named Jenny in one episode.
Nicole Farrell (Marne Patterson) – Nicole is Jack's daughter from his ex-wife Stephanie. She lives with her father, stepmother, and two stepsiblings.
Sarah Kramer (Emily Ann Lloyd) – Sarah is Carly's daughter from Carly's second husband Sheldon. Sarah is very wise for her age. She lives with her mother, stepfather, half-brother, and stepsister.
Gracie (Carol Ann Susi – NBC series, Traci Lords – ABC series) – Gracie is Carly's assistant.
Dante Pacino (Michael Milhoan) – Dante is Carly's first husband and Will's father. He does not seem too intelligent.
Stephanie Farrell (Christine Dunford) – Stephanie is Jack's ex-wife and Nicole's mother. She was an actress who had the starring role on the show Thena Warrior Goddess (A spoof of the show Xena Warrior Princess). She later started dating Sheldon after he divorced his second wife Marianne.
Sheldon Kramer (Barry Jenner) – Sheldon is Carly's second husband and Sarah's father. He is a millionaire. He starts the series by being married to his second wife, Marianne, but eventually divorces her and then starts dating Stephanie in the second season.
Ben Davis (Bob Barker) – Ben is Carly's widower father. He lives alone and is seen as somewhat of a "ladies man" after his wife's passing.
Episodes
With the exception of the Pilot, every episode title begins with "Something About".
Season 1 (1996–97)
Season 2 (1998)
References
Brooks, Tim and Marsh, Earle, The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network and Cable TV Sho |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lock%20convoy | In computer science, a lock convoy is a performance problem that can occur when using locks for concurrency control in a multithreaded application.
A lock convoy occurs when multiple threads of equal priority contend repeatedly for the same lock. Unlike deadlock and livelock situations, the threads in a lock convoy do progress; however, each time a thread attempts to acquire the lock and fails, it relinquishes the remainder of its scheduling quantum and forces a context switch. The overhead of repeated context switches and underutilization of scheduling quanta degrade overall performance.
Lock convoys often occur when concurrency control primitives such as locks serialize access to a commonly used resource, such as a memory heap or a thread pool. They can sometimes be addressed by using non-locking alternatives such as lock-free algorithms or by altering the relative priorities of the contending threads.
See also
Thundering herd problem
References
Concurrency control |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Tench%20Tonight | David Tench Tonight was a short-lived television talk show created for Network Ten in Australia. The series featured David Tench, an animated fictional character, as host. The name "Tench" is a partial anagram created from the name Channel Ten. The actor behind the digital Tench was Australian actor Drew Forsythe.
Tench conducted interviews with various "celebrities" including Jimmy Barnes, Meat Loaf, Toni Collette, Nelly Furtado, Johnny Knoxville and future Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard. The 2006 season finale (episode 15) was shown on 23 November 2006. A Christmas special aired on 25 December 2006 at 10:30pm. On 5 April 2007, the show was axed.
Tenchnology
Tench was rendered and animated in real-time using motion capture technology. The guests were therefore able to see him and respond to him in real-time.
Radio host Mick Molloy, who was a guest on the 11 October 2006 episode, clarified on his radio show Tough Love that the David Tench desk had no-one behind it and the guest spoke to a television setup behind the desk to "interact" with Tench.
The character of Tench was conceived by Andrew Denton and technically designed by Australian visual effects company Animal Logic. Animal Logic used the VICON MX40 technology to create David Tench.
The concept of an animated talk show host was not entirely new. Hand-drawn animation was used to bring Space Ghost to life in the 1994 talk show Space Ghost Coast to Coast. An earlier similar gimmick was used in the British talk and music video show The Max Talking Headroom Show, featuring Max Headroom. Max, however, was not computer-generated but was realised by a clever mixture of prosthetic costuming and video effects, and was also able to interact with his guests.
Viral marketing
Before the program's airing, Network Ten used viral marketing to create publicity for the then unestablished show and character. Publicity included small-spot television advertisements with David Tench quotes written for the show, accompanied by the simple tagline, "finally, someone real on television."
A large amount of general interest was generated with seemingly minimal effort. However, this method of marketing was criticised by some as a cheap stunt to fool people's better judgement.
Revelation and premiere
During the finale of Big Brother 2006 on 31 July 2006, Network Ten had revealed Tench as an animated talk show host with an "American accent". However, he often had a cultivated Australian accent that vacillated into a transatlantic accent.
The 30-minute premiere episode aired on Thursday, 17 August 2006 at 8.30pm (AEST).
The studio audience was made up of the general public who attended the show's taping.
Public opinion and media regarding David Tench
On the morning of the first episode, The West Australian newspaper compared Tench's appearance to Liam Bartlett, who had recently left Perth radio to join 60 Minutes.
eBroadcast reported that the ratings for the first show averaged 1.162 million viewers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Burning%20Zone | The Burning Zone is an American science fiction drama television series created by Coleman Luck that originally aired for one season on United Paramount Network (UPN) from September 3, 1996 to May 20, 1997. The series follows a government task force assigned to investigate chemical and biological threats. Initially, the program focused on the virologist Edward Marcase (Jeffrey Dean Morgan) and Dr. Kimberly Shiroma (Tamlyn Tomita). In response to the show's low ratings, Marcase and Shiroma were removed in the middle of the season. Dr. Daniel Cassian (Michael Harris) became the lead character, and a new character, Dr. Brian Taft (Bradford Tatum), joined the task force. The Burning Zone initially incorporated supernatural and religious elements, but shifted towards more action-oriented storylines.
The series was the only drama ordered by UPN for the 1996–97 television season. It was paired with the sitcoms Moesha and Homeboys in Outer Space. The Burning Zone has never been released on DVD or Blu-ray, or made available on online-streaming services. Critical response to The Burning Zone was primarily negative; commentators were divided over its storylines and tone. It received comparisons to other science-fiction shows of the time, especially The X-Files. Kasumi Mihori and Billy Pittard were nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Main Title Design for the 49th Primetime Emmy Awards for their contributions to the series.
Premise and characters
The Burning Zone is a science-fiction drama about a task force that investigates biochemical emergencies. Funded by the United States government, the team includes a virologist, a geneticist, a security specialist, and a bureaucrat. Set during a global rise in lethal diseases, known as the Plague Wars, the show includes hard science storylines resolved through spiritual solutions, including the efficacy of prayer and the power of a "healthy soul". When discussing the show's premise, critics had varying opinions on its inspiration. Comparisons were drawn to television films, B movies, and news headlines, and the Chicago Tribune's Allan Johnson summed up The Burning Zone as a "mutant-disease-of-the-week series".
The task force includes virologist Edward Marcase (Jeffrey Dean Morgan) who survived a case of Ebola virus disease as a child, although his parents died from the virus. Devoting his life to researching the virus, he approaches the process of handling and curing a diseases as a "mystical experience" or a "supernatural quest". Johnson likened Marcase to Fox Mulder, a fictional character from The X-Files, due to his "almost mystical relationship with diseases". Caryn James of The New York Times wrote that Morgan played Marcase with "a brooding style". Marcase works closely with Dr. Kimberly Shiroma (Tamlyn Tomita), who specialized in molecular genetics and pathology during her time at the World Health Organization. She blames Marcase for her fiancé's death. James compared Marcase's relati |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Tom%20and%20Jerry%20video%20games | The animated cat and mouse duo Tom and Jerry have appeared in various video games.
Release chart
List
Computer game
Tom & Jerry (also known as Tom & Jerry: Hunting High and Low) was released for Amiga, Atari ST, and Commodore 64 computers in 1989 by Magic Bytes. Another game with identical gameplay, Tom & Jerry 2, was also released that year for the same platforms and the MSX, Amstrad CPC, and ZX Spectrum home computers.
NES/MS-DOS game
A Tom and Jerry video game (also known as Tom and Jerry: The Ultimate Game of Cat and Mouse! or Tom and Jerry (and Tuffy)) was released by Hi Tech Expressions for the Nintendo Entertainment System on December 3, 1991 and for MS-DOS in 1993. Tom has mouse-napped Jerry's nephew Tuffy and locked him in a trunk in the attic. Usable weapons include bubble gum, meat cleaver, cups of water, moth balls, hammer, invisible ink and drill.
Tom and Jerry: Yankee Doodle's CAT-astrophe was released for the PC in 1990, also by Hi Tech Expressions.
Game Boy games
Tom and Jerry was released in October 1992 by Hi Tech Expressions in the US and by Altron in Japan.
Tom and Jerry: Frantic Antics! is a video game based on the 1992 film Tom and Jerry: The Movie. The game was released on October 2, 1992 for the Game Boy and in December 1993 for the Genesis.
Sega game
Based on the 1992 film of the same name, and released for Master System and Game Gear.
Super NES game
A Tom and Jerry video game was released for the Super NES by Hi Tech Expressions in April 1993 in the US and by Altron on June 25, 1993 in Japan. The player controls Jerry, the mouse, as he traverses through four different themed worlds – a movie theater, a junkyard, a toy store, and a house. Tuffy is playable through second player.
Jerry or Tuffy use marbles as weapons. At the end of each world, Jerry goes into a battle with Tom, the cat.
Entertainment Weekly gave the game a B and wrote that "The competent yet often uninspired Hanna-Barbera cartoon series is now a competent yet often uninspired video game. In Tom & Jerry (Hi Tech Expressions, for Super NES), very small players may get a kick out of guiding mouse Jerry through nemesis Tom's none-too-wily traps."
Game Boy Color
Tom and Jerry was released on September 27, 1999 by Majesco. It is a colorised version of the 1992 Game Boy game that also adds a bonus card-match game between each level.
Tom and Jerry: Mouse Attacks was released on December 8, 2000 by Ubisoft.
Tom and Jerry: Mouse Hunt was released on March 14, 2001 by Conspiracy Entertainment.
Fighting games
Several fighting games have been released.
Tom and Jerry: Yankee Doodle's CAT-astrophe (1990) for Windows
Tom and Jerry in Fists of Furry (2000) for Nintendo 64 and Windows
Tom and Jerry in House Trap (2000) for the PlayStation and Game Boy Color
Tom and Jerry in War of the Whiskers (2003) for PlayStation 2, Xbox, and GameCube
Tom and Jerry Cheese Chase (2004) for mobile phone
Tom and Jerry Food Fight (2005) for mobile phone
Tom and Jerry Pinball |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%27Grady | O'Grady is an American animated comedy created by Tom Snyder, Carl W. Adams, and Holly Schlesinger for Noggin's teen programming block, The N. The show was animated at Snyder's Soup2Nuts studio. It features the voices of H. Jon Benjamin, Melissa Bardin Galsky, Patrice O'Neal, and Holly Schlesinger playing a group of four 17-year-old teenagers living in the town of O'Grady. In each episode, the characters experience a different supernatural phenomenon while also facing ordinary high school challenges.
Plot
The series is set in the fictional town of O'Grady, which is periodically plagued by a force called "The Weirdness." The Weirdness affects its residents in strange ways, and its effects usually last for several days. For example, it causes people to project their private thoughts in bubbles over their heads, or produce clones of themselves every time they get angry. The focal characters of the show are four students of O'Grady High: Kevin, Abby, Harold, and Beth. In the first eight episodes, the former two would appear interviewing at Eets-A-Pizza for a cold opening, explaining that the Weirdness was caused by a "secret government program', but sometimes would get distracted into other things. The interviews would cease after "Cop 'Stache".
Characters
Main characters
Kevin Harnisch (voiced by H. Jon Benjamin) is a slacker, aspiring guitar player, and self-appointed "idea guy" who enjoys pulling pranks, heists, and schemes. He likes to find ways to use the Weirdness or other school events for his own gain, such as selling sugar in school as contraband during "Sugar Hill," asking road sign figures to spy on Abby during "Sign Language," or continuing his brothers' robot babysitting company during "Robo-Babies." Kevin is the youngest of 8 brothers. Kevin and his best friend drummer Harold started a garage band, titled Brain Fart, but Kevin often gets distracted during rehearsals rather than practising. Brain Fart is occasionally joined by Iris as a bass player, whom Kevin continuously pays to stay in the band during "O'Grady Idol." Different episodes heavily imply that Kevin has a crush on Abby, which he will not admit; nevertheless, his true feelings are sometimes revealed by the Weirdness.
Abby Wilde (voiced by Melissa Bardin Galsky) is a fashion-oriented average teenager. She attempts to improve her life around her by trying to "help" Beth’s employer gain business by selling non-eco or vegan friendly items in a local health food store. Abby and Kevin have feelings for each other, as shown in many episodes. Abby's longtime love interest is Pete Klesko, but she never manages to make him feel the same way.
Harold Oscar Jenkins (voiced by Patrice O'Neal) is Kevin's best friend, drummer in garage band Brain Fart, a mild-mannered goofball who works at Eets-A-Pizza. He can be a little nerdy and often is uncomfortable with Kevin's various schemes. He is genuinely kindhearted and good-spirited, and he likes hanging around with Kevin because he sees |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toy%20Story%202%3A%20Buzz%20Lightyear%20to%20the%20Rescue | Toy Story 2: Buzz Lightyear to the Rescue! is a platform game based on Pixar's 1999 computer-animated feature film Toy Story 2. It was released for the Nintendo 64, PlayStation, Microsoft Windows, and Macintosh in late 1999, while a Dreamcast version followed in 2000. The computer versions were released under the title Disney/Pixar's Action Game, Toy Story 2. A different version, a side-scrolling platform game titled Toy Story 2, was also released for the Game Boy Color in 1999.
Toy Story 2: Buzz Lightyear to the Rescue! has been re-released several times as a downloadable game for PlayStation consoles, including the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Portable in 2011, the PlayStation Vita in 2012, and the PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5 in 2022.
Gameplay
The home console and computer version puts the player in control of Buzz Lightyear as he goes across fifteen levels (consisting of ten main levels and five boss levels) based on and inspired by locations from the film in order to rescue Woody. Buzz can attack enemies with a wrist laser, which can be charged up for additional power, and can also be aimed through a first-person viewpoint. Buzz also has a spin attack, which can be charged up into a continuous spin. Buzz is also able to extend his wings to perform a double jump, and can perform a foot stomp to activate switches. The player can pick up a laser power-up that gives Buzz a limited supply of powered up laser shots, as well as health-replenishing batteries and extra lives.
The main aim of the game is to collect Pizza Planet tokens which are located throughout stages. Each level has 5 Pizza Planet tokens, which are each collected by completing different objectives, such as fighting a mini-boss, solving a puzzle for getting a secret token, completing a timed challenge or winning a race against another character, or helping a character find 5 of a certain object which are hidden throughout a level. Each level also has a number of coins placed throughout it, 50 of which can be collected and given to Hamm for a token. Certain objectives require the use of a special power-up that must first be unlocked in a certain level by retrieving one of Mr. Potato Head's missing body parts. Power-ups include a barrier that protects Buzz from damage, rocket boots that launch him at high speeds, a disk launcher that homes in on enemies, a grappling hook for climbing up high ledges, and hover boots for floating up to high places. While only one Pizza Planet token is needed to clear a level, some levels require a certain number of tokens to unlock. With the exception of the Nintendo 64 version, progressing through each level unlocks FMV clips of scenes taken from the film. The Nintendo 64 version instead features screenshots from the film accompanied by text, shown in between levels, due to storage limitations of the Nintendo 64 cartridge.
Plot
The game's plot is relative to the Toy Story 2 film, and begins at Andy's house as Al McWhiggin steals Woody from th |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newegg | Newegg Commerce, Inc., is an American online retailer of items including computer hardware and consumer electronics. It is based in City of Industry, California. It is majority-owned by Liaison Interactive, a multinational technology company.
History
Early years and growth
The company was founded by Fred Chang, a U.S. immigrant from Taiwan, in 2001. "Newegg" was selected as the company name to signify new hope for e-commerce during a period when e-commerce businesses were struggling to survive.
In 2004, Newegg established Rosewill as a private-label reseller of computing and household products from many manufacturers.
In 2005, Newegg.com was named one of the Internet's Top 10 retailers by Internet Retailer Magazine, with a 2004 sales revenue of just under $1 billion. Newegg.com grew an additional 30% in 2005, bringing annual sales to approximately $1.3 billion. Newegg launched NeweggMall.com in July 2008, Newegg.ca in October 2008, and NeweggBusiness.com in August 2009. In 2009, it was listed as on Forbes America's Largest Private Companies list.
Chang had been Newegg's chairman and CEO until August 1, 2008, when it was announced he would step down as CEO and chairman while remaining a member of the board of directors and executive committee. He was succeeded by Tally Liu. Chang also retained his position as president of Newegg's Chinese operations.
Attempted 2009 IPO and Newegg Marketplace
On September 28, 2009, Newegg Inc filed for an IPO (initial public offering) with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The filing stated that Newegg has been profitable every year since 2001 and generated sales of $2.1 billion in 2008. The company's largest outside shareholder is New York-based venture-capital firm Insight Venture Partners. The IPO was managed by JP Morgan, Bank of America, Merrill Lynch ,and Citi. In 2011, the company withdrew its registration for filing for an IPO, saying it would continue to explore alternative options for funding.
It launched Newegg Marketplace in 2010 and exceeded $2.5 billion in revenue that year. The company has more than 1,500 employees.
In 2010, Liu departed, and Chang became CEO again.
Subsequent expansion
On June 15, 2017, during London Tech Week, Newegg announced a global expansion plan to serve key parts of Asia Pacific, Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East. Once complete, the online retailer is expected to reach customers in a total of 50 countries. On November 2, 2017, the company announced key global milestones, including localized payment options, enhanced customer service, and a greater product selection for its international customers.
Liaison Interactive buyout and SPAC merger
In 2016, Liaison Interactive (), a Chinese technology company, acquired a majority stake in Newegg in an investment deal. In 2020, Newegg entered into a merger agreement with Lianlou Smart Limited (NASDAQ: LLIT), a special-purpose acquisition company, wherein Newegg stockholders became majority owners of LLI |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith%20Waters | Keith Waters (born 1962 in Kent, England) is a British animator who is best known for his work in the field of computer facial animation. He has received international awards from Parigraph, the National Computer Graphics Association and the Computer Animation Film Festival.
Early life
Keith Waters was born in Kent in 1962 and attended Sevenoaks School. He received his PhD from Middlesex University (UK) in 1988 after completing a BA in Graphic Design at Cat Hill Barnet. His early work on algorithms for face animation in 1986 allowed him to transfer from a MPhil to a PhD while studying under the supervision of Paul Brown and John Vince at Middlesex Polytechnic at the Centre for Advanced Studies in Computer Aided Art and Design. His studies required numerous trips to Bounds Green to use the computing facilities within the school of engineering.
Waters is best known for his work in computer facial animation that includes a muscle-based model for facial animation, a physically-based skin tissue model as well as a visual text-to-speech system called DECface. He is a co-author of the book "Computer Facial Animation" a guide to facial animation. The first edition published in 1995 and a second edition was published in 2008. His muscle algorithms for face animation were widely used in the computer film industry, most notably by Pixar, which first used the technique in their animation short Tin Toy.
Waters was the director of engineering device software at Nexage, prior to that a principal architect at Akamai Technologies Inc., and previously a Director of Research at Orange Labs, Boston MA, USA. Keith has been active in Human Computer Interaction (HCI) and has published scientific papers on novel applications. He has been engaged with the W3C is the development of Web standards for the mobile Web.
Professional career
After graduating from the Centre for Advanced Studies in Computer Aided Art and Design (now the Lansdown Centre for Electronic Arts) at Middlesex University in 1988 with a PhD in computer graphics, Keith Waters worked for Schlumberger in Palo Alto and then at their Research Lab for Computer Science Austin Texas where he worked on parallel CM-2 data visualization. In 1991 he joined the Cambridge Research Lab of Digital Equipment Boston MA where he continued to work on user interfaces including DECface the visual equivalent of DECtalk the text-to-speech engine. Later, he went on to create the FaceWorks product that was used at Comdex. While at Compaq he invented a variety of user interfaces including the first Smart Kiosk, the invisible mouse, an image-based touchscreen and a wallable macrodevice. He worked on film and television high-performance face animation techniques at LifeF/X before joining Orange in 2001 where he became a senior expert in mobile services developing next-generation mobile Web technologies for high performance open source devices. Recently he was a principal architect at Akamai Technologies Inc., assisting the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SymbOS | SYmbiosis Multitasking Based Operating System (SymbOS) is a multitasking operating system for Zilog Z80-based 8-bit computer systems.
Contrary to early 8-bit operating systems it is based on a microkernel, which provides preemptive and priority-oriented multitasking and manages random-access memory (RAM) with a size of up to 1024 KB. SymbOS contains a Microsoft Windows like graphical user interface (GUI), supports hard disks with a capacity of up to 128 GB and can already be booted on an unexpanded Amstrad CPC-6128, a 128K-MSX2 and an Amstrad PCW.
As of August 30, 2017 it is available for the Amstrad CPC series of computers, all MSX models starting from the MSX2 standard, MSX with V9990 graphics chip, all Amstrad PCW models, CPC-TREX, C-ONE and the Enterprise 64/128 computers.
Motivation and rationale
SymbOS was originally started as an experiment to find out to what extent it is possible to implement a multitasking operating system with a windowed GUI on an 8-bit computer from 1985. GEOS contributed to the motivation, but the structure and features of SymbOS aren't similar to that system. The release in 2006 proved that such a "mini windows" system is possible on a then 20-year-old home computer with only quantitative limitations. SymbOS is one of the largest retro computing software projects of recent years. One of the goals of the project is to allow these old machines to be used like a modern PC, using hardware extensions.
Although only an 8-bit CPU, the Z80 can run a preemptive multitasking operating system. Features such as memory protection, which the Z80 lacks, are not essential in such an OS. For example, AmigaOS also lacks memory protection. The MP/M OS proved that multitasking on the Z80 CPU was possible. Yet, it was generally unavailable for home computers.
While the MOS Technology 6502 cannot move the stack pointer, the Z80 can freely relocate it to any position in memory, which makes it easier to implement preemptive multitasking. The existence of an alternative register set accelerates context switching between tasks dramatically. The restriction of Z80 system to a 64 KB address space can be solved with bank switching. In this way, computers like the Amstrad CPC and PCW, MSX, Enterprise or SAM Coupé can access hundreds or thousands of kilobytes of memory.
Design
SymbOS includes a microkernel, which can perform task management, memory management and inter-process communication.
Task management
For task management, a combination of preemptive and cooperative multitasking was chosen, which makes different task priorities possible. Preemptive means that tasks are interrupted after a certain amount of time by the operating system, in order to share the CPU time with other tasks. Cooperatively means that a task stops using CPU time by itself. It does that, if it's finished with its current job or waiting for a certain event. Because of this combination it is possible to assign priorities. Tasks with low priority get CPU time o |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%20Media%20Center%20Extender | Windows Media Center Extenders (officially "Extender for Windows Media Center" and code named "Bobsled") are devices that are configured to connect over a computer network to a computer running Microsoft Windows XP Media Center Edition, Windows Vista Home Premium/Ultimate, Windows 7 Home Premium, or Windows 8 with a Pro pack to stream the computer's media center functions to the Extender device. This allows use of the Media Center and its features (such as view photos, videos, listen to music, watch live television and use DVR functions, watch recorded TV, etc.) on a television receiver or other electronic visual display.
The advantage with these devices is that a household's primary computer, hosting Media Center, need not be near the device used for display. Additionally, with an Extender, the Media Center can be accessed at the same time by several users. The Xbox 360 gaming console has Media Center Extender functionality. The Ceton Echo is a stand-alone extender.
Technology
Media Center Extenders (MCX) can either be dedicated hardware devices, such as set top boxes or televisions, or software based implementations such as the Xbox 360. First generation hardware based devices were based on the Windows CE operating system whereas the second generation devices can use other embedded OSs such as Linux as well. The Extender creates its own user account on the host PC(MCX1, MCX2, etc.) and then uses a version of Fast User Switching to enable the use of the host computer and Extenders at the same time.
Version 1 Extenders only support Media Center versions up to Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005 Update Rollup 2 - they cannot support the version of Media Center incorporated in Windows Vista Home Premium/Ultimate Edition and later.
The server software, which runs on the host PC and streams the media, is built into Windows Media Center. An MCX device must be paired with the MCE software before use; this is done by pairing the MCE software with an identifying number generated by the MCX device.
The MCE software makes the user interface available via the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP, which is also used by Remote Desktop client). All processing done by the MCE software and plug-ins happen at the host computer; only the user interface is streamed to the MCX devices.
As such, the device can render the interface even though the Media Center-specific software (or the plug-ins) might not be installed there. However, the media files are streamed over a different protocol. To render the media, an implementation of the codec used to package the media must be locally installed on the Extender; having the codec on the host computer is not enough. Alternatively media can be trans-coded on the fly by the host computer to a codec that is supported by the Extender. In Windows 7 this is now a standard feature which will probably relieve Extender vendors in the future from having to include such a wide variety of codecs.
Version 1 Extenders
HP x5400
Linksys |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome%20process | The Rome process and Rome criteria are an international effort to create scientific data to help in the diagnosis and treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia and rumination syndrome. The Rome diagnostic criteria are set forth by Rome Foundation, a not for profit 501(c)(3) organization based in Raleigh, North Carolina, United States.
History
Several systematic approaches attempted to classify functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). As a result, there were several key events which ultimately led to the current Rome Classification. In 1962, Chaudhary and Truelove published their study of IBS patients in Oxford, England. This was the first attempt to classify the new field of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Much of what they reported has persisted to the present day.
Subsequently, in 1978 came the "Manning Criteria" developed by Kenneth Heaton and colleagues in Bristol. This characterized IBS-D (IBS with predominant diarrhea), but importantly, a cluster of symptoms which were characteristic for this disorder. This ultimately became the basis for Rome's symptom-based criteria for IBS.
From 1980 to 1994, there were several epidemiological and clinical studies evaluating symptom prevalence and frequency in healthy subjects and IBS patients. Thompson, Drossman, Talley, Whitehead, and Kruis.
In 1989, the first consensus-based diagnostic criteria for IBS were established. The following year, a classification system for FGIDs was established.
From 1991 to 1993, several working teams (esophagus, gastroduodenal, bowel, biliary, anorectal) published symptom-based criteria and clinical features of the functional GI disorders within these anatomic domains in Gastroenterology International.
In 1993, a validated questionnaire of all the diagnostic criteria was created and was then applied in a national survey, the US Householder Survey: the first national epidemiological database on the prevalence, demographic factors, and health care seeking features of people with FGIDs.
In 1994, FGIDs were categorized into anatomical domains and resulted in a book now recognized as Rome I – The Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Diagnosis, Pathophysiology and Treatment – A Multinational Consensus.
The Rome criteria have been evolving from the first set of criteria issued in 1989 (The Rome Guidelines for IBS) through the Rome Classification System for functional gastrointestinal disorders (1990), or Rome-1, the Rome I Criteria for IBS (1992) and the functional gastrointestinal disorders (1994), the Rome II Criteria for IBS (1999) and the functional gastrointestinal disorders (1999) to the Rome III Criteria (2006). "Rome II" and "Rome III" incorporated pediatric criteria to the consensus.
The Rome IV update was published 10 years later in May 2016. This covers epidemiology, pathophysiology, psychosocial and clinical features, and diagnostic evaluation and treatment recommendations for 33 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%21%20News | E! News, previously known as E! News Daily and E! News Live, is the entertainment news operation for the cable network E! in the United States. Its former on-air weekday newscast debuted on September 1, 1991, and primarily reports on celebrity news and gossip, along with previews of upcoming films and television shows, regular segments about all of those three subjects, along with overall film and television industry news.
Overview
The program first aired on September 12, 1991. It was originally hosted by Dagny Hultgreen. It features stories and gossip about celebrities as well as the film, music, and television industries. Since its launch, it has broadcast under a variety of formats, at one point even airing live during the mid-2000s (at this time, the show was named E! News Live). Starting in 2006, it was hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Giuliana Rancic. In April 2012, Seacrest was replaced by Jason Kennedy. Rancic temporarily left the show on maternity leave in August 2012 due to the birth of her first son (through a surrogate), though she reassured viewers that she would return under a new three-year agreement to E! News and Fashion Police after her leave; Catt Sadler took over her anchoring duties, and eventually became a main anchor as Rancic reduced her duties over time. From 2006 until late 2010, The Daily 10, hosted by Sal Masekela, Sadler, and at one point Debbie Matenopoulos, lead out of E! News.
On September 21, 2010, E! announced the cancellation of The Daily 10. At this time, it was announced that E! News would be expanded to a one-hour format. The expansion became effective beginning on October 25, 2010. The series also debuted a new news set and began broadcasting in high definition. Some talent previously featured on The Daily 10, including Catt Sadler, Clinton Sparks and Robbie Laughlin, were integrated into E! News, along with the addition of a segment called The Daily 10 Take and the inclusion of some former Daily 10 segments.
The E! News program was dark on major holidays, including Memorial Day, Independence Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas, with special pre-taped programs, the show's weekend edition or other E! programs airing instead, depending on where the holiday fell.
In December 2017, Catt Sadler departed the network upon learning she was underpaid compared to her male counterpart, Jason Kennedy. In a statement to People, an E! spokesperson claimed the network 'compensates employees fairly and appropriately based on their roles, regardless of gender'.
In August 2019, it was announced that at the start of 2020, the E! News newscast would move to New York, along with the launch of a companion program, Pop of the Morning. It would become a morning program airing live at 7 a.m. Eastern, though at the peril of being too early for West Coast audiences at 4 a.m. Pacific. The new iteration of E! News would originate from Studio 6E at 30 Rockefeller Plaza. The move was done to allow the network to become a stop on the common |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonts%20on%20Macintosh | Apple's Macintosh computer supports a wide variety of fonts. This support was one of the features that initially distinguished it from other systems.
Fonts
System fonts
The primary system font in OS X El Capitan and above is San Francisco. OS X Yosemite used Helvetica Neue, and preceding versions largely employed Lucida Grande. For labels and other small text, 10 pt Lucida Grande was typically used. Lucida Grande is almost identical in appearance to the prevalent Windows font Lucida Sans, and contains a larger variety of glyphs.
MacOS ships with multiple typefaces, for multiple scripts, licensed from several sources. MacOS includes Roman, Japanese and Chinese fonts. It also supports sophisticated font techniques, such as ligatures and filtering.
Many of the classic Macintosh typefaces included with previous versions remained available, including the serif typefaces New York, Palatino, and Times, the sans-serif Charcoal and Chicago, Monaco, Geneva and Helvetica. Courier, a monospaced font, also remained.
In the initial publicly released version of Mac OS X (March 2001), font support for scripts was limited to Lucida Grande and a few fonts for the major Japanese scripts. With each major revision of the OS, fonts supporting additional scripts were added.
Zapfino
Zapfino is a calligraphic typeface designed by and named after renowned typeface designer Hermann Zapf for Linotype. Zapfino utilizes advanced typographic features of the Apple Advanced Typography (AAT) "morx" table format and is included in OS X partially as a technology demo. Ligatures and character variations are extensively used. The font is based on a calligraphic example by Zapf in 1944. The version included with macOS is a single weight. Since then, Linotype has introduced “Linotype Zapfino Extra” which includes the additional “Forte” weight with more options and alternates.
Several of the GX fonts that Apple commissioned and originally shipped with System 7.5 were ported to use AAT and shipped with Mac OS X 10.2 and 10.3. Hoefler Text, Apple Chancery and Skia are examples of fonts of this heritage. Other typefaces were licensed from the general offerings of leading font vendors.
LastResort
The LastResort font is invisible to the end user, but is used by the system to display reference glyphs in the event that glyphs needed to display a given character are not found in any other available font. The symbols provided by the LastResort font place glyphs into categories based on their location in the Unicode system and provide a hint to the user about which font or script is required to view unavailable characters. Designed by Apple and extended by Michael Everson of Evertype for Unicode 4.1 coverage, the symbols adhere to a unified design. The glyphs are square with rounded corners with a bold outline. On the left and right sides of the outline, the Unicode range that the character belongs to is given using hexadecimal digits. Top and bottom are used for one or two description |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gus%20Goes%20to%20Cybertown | Gus Goes to Cybertown is a children's educational CD-ROM game released in 1993 by Modern Media Ventures. The main character is Gus, a talking and singing dog, who must find the three CyberBuds hiding in each of the town's five locations. Games are also hidden in each location, from spelling and number games to shape recognition and pattern matching games. Cybertown's park includes a timeline that shows Gus through time, from a Neanderthal to a futuristic spaceman. As the time changes, players can click on other items in the park to see them change as well. CyberBuds are revealed by interacting with various parts of each area. These characters will also provide tidbits of educational information. Upon completion of all in-game tasks, the player is treated to a final song on a "secret screen."
Sequels
Gus Goes to Cyberopolis (1994)
Gus Goes to the Kooky Carnival (1995)
Gus Goes to CyberStone Park (1996)
Gus Goes to the Megarific Museum (1996)
Gus and the CyberBuds Software SchoolHouse Collection (A collection of twenty-seven educational CD-ROMs for children released in 1996.)
References
External links
News article about the announce of the CD-ROM collection
1993 video games
Children's educational video games
Classic Mac OS games
Video games about dogs
Video games developed in the United States
Windows games |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K9Copy | K9Copy is a free and open-source DVD backup and DVD authoring program for Unix-like operating systems such as Linux and BSD. It is licensed under the GNU General Public License.
Features
K9Copy facilitates several methods for backing up a DVD and uses libdvdcss to circumvent CSS copy protection if installed.
The software enables direct backup of a single layer DVD-5 provided the user's computer has a DVD recorder. Likewise, direct backup of a dual layer DVD-9 is possible with a dual layer DVD recorder.
K9Copy is able to fit the contents of a dual layer DVD-9 onto a single layer DVD-5. The interface allows a user to explicitly retain or discard any content from the original disc such as video titles, audio tracks, subtitles and the DVD menu. All content selected for backup is compressed to a configurable target size (4400 MB by default) and stored on the user's hard drive as either an ISO image file or a DVD VIDEO TS folder. K9Copy can either transfer the backup data to blank DVD±R media itself or utilize external DVD authoring software such as K3b for this task. Furthermore, an ISO image file produced by K9Copy can be recorded to DVD by any software on any platform capable of recording ISO images to disc.
Functionality for backing up a DVD to a video file (such as a MPEG-4-encoded MKV-file) rather than a disc also exists in K9Copy. The interface allows the user to select the preferred encoder (either MEncoder or FFmpeg) and codec for video and audio compression as well as a target file size or bit rate for the resulting file.
K9Copy includes basic DVD authoring capabilities.
Development
Development was resumed in 2014, under the project listing of K9copy-reloaded at Sourceforge.net, by a new developer after the initial development of K9Copy was stopped in 2011 with the author citing the fragmentation of Linux as a major issue.
See also
DVD Decrypter, a freeware tool that allows you to decrypt and copy DVDs to your PC's hard disk
DVD Shrink, a freeware DVD transcoder program for Microsoft Windows that uses a DVD ripper to back up DVD video.
HandBrake, open-source DVD to MPEG-4 converter, available for BeOS, Mac OS X, Linux and Windows, released under the terms of the GNU General Public License
References
External links
DVD rippers
Optical disc authoring software
Optical disc-related software that uses Qt
Software using the GPL license
Linux-only free software |
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