source stringlengths 32 199 | text stringlengths 26 3k |
|---|---|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1Up%20Network | 1Up.com was an American entertainment website that focused on video games. Launched in 2003, 1Up.com provided its own original features, news stories, game reviews, and video interviews, and also featured comprehensive PC-focused content. Like a print magazine, 1Up.com also hosted special week-long online cover stories that presented each day a new in-depth feature story, interview with the developers, game screenshot gallery, game video footage, and video of the game studio and creators. On February 21, 2013, Ziff Davis announced it would be winding down the site, along with sister sites GameSpy and UGO.com.
Network
1Up Network was a collection of podcasts hosted by 1Up.com dealing with various aspects of gaming. Most of the shows, like 4 Guys 1Up, were about games and general gaming culture. Others were more specific, such as The Sports Game Guy's Sports Anomaly, which focused on sports games. The network also featured Retronauts, an audio retrospective series that chronicled various retro games and game series. The network had shown significant growth, with several new shows having been introduced in 2007–2008. However, in early 2009 1Up.com was purchased by UGO and its parent company Hearst Corporation from Ziff Davis. This resulted not only in the closure of Electronic Gaming Monthly, but also the loss of over 30 jobs, including several hosts and producers of the site's many podcasts. Because of this, more than half of the network's shows were abruptly discontinued, leaving only a few remaining. While 1Up Yours did not cease to exist, the resignation of the show's co-host Shane Bettenhausen led host Garnett Lee to change the show's name and structure to Listen UP. Several former employees also started their own projects after the firings as well, including Co-Op, the spiritual successor to The 1Up Show, Rebel FM, the follow-up to 1Up FM, and The Geekbox, Ryan Scott's replacement for Lan Party podcast.
Programming
1UP Yours
The initial four-man lineup included Garnett Lee, Shane Bettenhausen, Luke Smith and John Davison. However, Smith later left the network to accept a position at the then-Microsoft game development studio Bungie. On August 24, 2007, Mark MacDonald was declared the show's official fourth chair member. John Davison then announced that he was leaving the 1UP staff, though he would continue his participation with the podcast despite his change in career. The last officially branded 1UP Yours was recorded on January 17, 2009, and was released on January 22, 2009. On September 30, 2009, Garnett Lee announced he would be leaving 1UP to become the editorial director for Gamefly Media. It was replaced by 4 Guys 1UP hosted by former fourth chair David Ellis. Lee stated he will create a new show for Gamefly Media titled Weekend Confirmed.
On January 6, 2009, it was announced that Ziff Davis would be selling 1UP.com to the Hearst Corporation, in the process terminating Electronic Gaming Monthly and over 30 employees, including Shan |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Late%20Night%20Software | Late Night Software Ltd., is a privately held Canadian software company that has produced several applications, utilities, and developer's tools for the Macintosh computer platform. The company was established in 1995. Its president is Mark Alldritt.
Software
Applications
In 1995, Late Night Software released what is now their main product, Script Debugger. At the time, there were several competing AppleScript and Open Scripting Architecture (OSA) language source code editors, including ScriptWizard and Main Event Software's Scripter. As of May, 2005, Script Debugger and Smile remain the only competitors to Apple Computer's freeware Script Editor application.
In 2004, the company released Affrus, a Mac OS X native debugger for the Perl scripting language.
In 2005, the company acquired FaceSpan from Digital Technology International. FaceSpan was a competing product to Apple Computer's AppleScript Studio. This marked Late Night Software's first entry into graphically-based rapid application development tools.
On May 5, 2009, after over 2 years of development on FaceSpan 5, Alldritt announced in the company's blog that development had been suspended because "in the time it has taken me to do this work, the world has moved on and AppleScript-based UIs are not going to be relevant in the marketplace."
Scripting Additions
Early in the history of the AppleScript scripting language, Mark Alldritt produced a freeware Scripting Addition called Script Tools. This was later repackaged as a commercial product, LNS Scripting Additions. Owing to changes in the Macintosh operating system, Script Tools has been discontinued and is no longer available.
XML Tools brought native XML parsing to AppleScript and other OSA languages. It uses James Clark's Expat XML parser.
XSLT Tools brought native XSLT transformations to AppleScript and other OSA languages. It is based on the Apache Software Foundation's Xerces-C XML parser Xalan-C XSLT processor.
List & Record Tools allows set logic commands to be performed on AppleScript lists, and dynamic property access to AppleScript records.
Property List Tools allows native AppleScript parsing of the Mac OS X Property Lists file type (".plist" files).
Utilities and Plugins
JavaScript OSA is an Open Scripting Architecture scripting language. It is a system-level scripting language, based on the SpiderMonkey engine, intended as an alternative to AppleScript.
OSA for Dreamweaver allows Macromedia Dreamweaver to be scripted via AppleScript and other OSA languages.
OSAXen Fixer is a utility that allows REALbasic to directly call on Scripting Additions without going through AppleScript.
Scheduler was a utility that allowed the scheduled launching of applications and the opening of documents, in response to various events. It was fully scriptable and script-attachable via AppleScript and other OSA languages. Scheduler has been discontinued and is no longer available.
SCRIPZ was a product for Adobe Illustrator that bro |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KVEA | KVEA (channel 52) is a television station licensed to Corona, California, United States, serving as the Los Angeles area outlet for the Spanish-language network Telemundo. It is owned and operated by NBCUniversal's Telemundo Station Group alongside KNBC (channel 4). Both stations share studios at the Brokaw News Center in the northwest corner of the Universal Studios Hollywood lot off Lankershim Boulevard in Universal City, while KVEA's transmitter is located atop Mount Wilson.
Channel 52 was established as KMTW, an independent station owned by Kaiser Broadcasting, which became KBSC-TV in 1968. Kaiser explored several pay television systems to operate using the station, but none materialized until Oak Industries acquired the station and made it the first and most successful operation in ON TV, boasting as many as 400,000 subscribers at its zenith. As subscription television declined, Oak sold KBSC-TV in 1985 to a group that relaunched it as Spanish-language KVEA and was instrumental in the foundation of Telemundo.
History
Foundation
On November 14, 1962, the Federal Communications Commission granted Kaiser Broadcasting, a division of Kaiser Industries, a construction permit for a new channel 52 television station to be licensed to Corona. The station, named KICB before construction, signed on as KMTW from studios and a transmitter on Mount Wilson on June 29, 1966.
Kaiser had developed a chain of independent television stations in large cities that generally lacked independent stations at the outset. The Kaiser independents in such cities as Detroit (WKBD-TV), Philadelphia (WKBS-TV), and Cleveland (WKBF-TV), for instance, were typically the first or second such non-network outlets in operation. Los Angeles presented a very different market: three network stations, four VHF independents already operating, and (with KMTW activated) four UHF stations. Kaiser knew it would need a different approach. Before signing on, it took an option on the Phonevision subscription television system developed by Zenith Electronics and licensed by Teco, gaining the right to use it in the Los Angeles market. However, Phonevision's ability to be used nationally and legal cases over subscription television in California had left the system unapproved by the time channel 52 started broadcasting. Instead, KMTW subsisted on public service films, travelogues, and other cheap fare.
On February 20, 1968, KMTW became KBSC-TV, representing its ownership (Kaiser Broadcasting) and region (Southern California). The Phonevision agreement expired in 1970, and the FCC gave approval the next year for Kaiser to begin using studios at 5746 Sunset Boulevard—Metromedia Square, home to KTTV.
The gulf between KBSC-TV and its sister stations grew wider. In August 1972, Kaiser transferred the licenses for five of its stations to a partnership with Field Communications, of which it would own 77.5 percent. KBSC-TV was held out of the joint venture because it was scheduled to be sold. Two |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backup%20validation | Backup validation is the process whereby owners of computer data may examine how their data was backed up in order to understand what their risk of data loss might be. It also speaks to optimization of such processes, charging for them as well as estimating future requirements, sometimes called capacity planning.
History
Over the past several decades (leading up to 2005), organizations (banks, governments, schools, manufacturers and others) have increased their reliance more on "Open Systems" and less on "Closed Systems". For example, 25 years ago, a large bank might have most if not all of its critical data housed in an IBM mainframe computer (a "Closed System"), but today, that same bank might store a substantially greater portion of its critical data in spreadsheets, databases, or even word processing documents (i.e., "Open Systems"). The problem with Open Systems is, primarily, their unpredictable nature. The very nature of an Open System is that it is exposed to potentially thousands if not millions of variables ranging from network overloads to computer virus attacks to simple software incompatibility. Any one, or indeed several in combination, of these factors may result in either lost data and/or compromised data backup attempts. These types of problems do not generally occur on Closed Systems, or at least, in unpredictable ways. In the "old days", backups were a nicely contained affair. Today, because of the ubiquity of, and dependence upon, Open Systems, an entire industry has developed around data protection. Three key elements of such data protection are Validation, Optimization and Chargeback.
Validation
Validation is the process of finding out whether a backup attempt succeeded or not, or, whether the data is backed up enough to consider it "protected". This process usually involves the examination of log files, the "smoking gun" often left behind after a backup attempts takes place, as well as media databases, data traffic and even magnetic tapes. Patterns can be detected, key error messages identified and statistics extracted in order to determine which backups worked and which did not. According to Veeam Availability Report in 2014 organizations test their backups for recoverability on average every eight days. However, each quarter, organizations only test an average of 5.26 percent of their backups, meaning that the vast majority of backups are not verified, so could fail and cause downtime.
Some backup software's validation consists solely of examining the backup file to see if it can be read by the backup program. That is a useful part of validation, but as an entire validation process, it's useless.
A proper validation process consists of at least two processes. Validation of a backup file is of little or no use unless it compares the backup file's data to the data of the source. Additionally, "validation" is an unknown unless it's known with certainty that the backup file can actually restore the source's data.
Op |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williams%27s%20p%20%2B%201%20algorithm | In computational number theory, Williams's p + 1 algorithm is an integer factorization algorithm, one of the family of algebraic-group factorisation algorithms. It was invented by Hugh C. Williams in 1982.
It works well if the number N to be factored contains one or more prime factors p such that p + 1 is smooth, i.e. p + 1 contains only small factors. It uses Lucas sequences to perform exponentiation in a quadratic field.
It is analogous to Pollard's p − 1 algorithm.
Algorithm
Choose some integer A greater than 2 which characterizes the Lucas sequence:
where all operations are performed modulo N.
Then any odd prime p divides whenever M is a multiple of , where
and
is the Jacobi symbol.
We require that , that is, D should be a quadratic non-residue modulo p. But as we don't know p beforehand, more than one value of A may be required before finding a solution. If , this algorithm degenerates into a slow version of Pollard's p − 1 algorithm.
So, for different values of M we calculate , and when the result is not equal to 1 or to N, we have found a non-trivial factor of N.
The values of M used are successive factorials, and is the M-th value of the sequence characterized by .
To find the M-th element V of the sequence characterized by B, we proceed in a manner similar to left-to-right exponentiation:
x := B
y := (B ^ 2 − 2) mod N
for each bit of M to the right of the most significant bit do
if the bit is 1 then
x := (x × y − B) mod N
y := (y ^ 2 − 2) mod N
else
y := (x × y − B) mod N
x := (x ^ 2 − 2) mod N
V := x
Example
With N=112729 and A=5, successive values of are:
V1 of seq(5) = V1! of seq(5) = 5
V2 of seq(5) = V2! of seq(5) = 23
V3 of seq(23) = V3! of seq(5) = 12098
V4 of seq(12098) = V4! of seq(5) = 87680
V5 of seq(87680) = V5! of seq(5) = 53242
V6 of seq(53242) = V6! of seq(5) = 27666
V7 of seq(27666) = V7! of seq(5) = 110229.
At this point, gcd(110229-2,112729) = 139, so 139 is a non-trivial factor of 112729. Notice that p+1 = 140 = 22 × 5 × 7. The number 7! is the lowest factorial which is multiple of 140, so the proper factor 139 is found in this step.
Using another initial value, say A = 9, we get:
V1 of seq(9) = V1! of seq(9) = 9
V2 of seq(9) = V2! of seq(9) = 79
V3 of seq(79) = V3! of seq(9) = 41886
V4 of seq(41886) = V4! of seq(9) = 79378
V5 of seq(79378) = V5! of seq(9) = 1934
V6 of seq(1934) = V6! of seq(9) = 10582
V7 of seq(10582) = V7! of seq(9) = 84241
V8 of seq(84241) = V8! of seq(9) = 93973
V9 of seq(93973) = V9! of seq(9) = 91645.
At this point gcd(91645-2,112729) = 811, so 811 is a non-trivial factor of 112729. Notice that p−1 = 810 = 2 × 5 × 34. The number 9! is the lowest factorial which is multiple of 810, so the proper factor 811 is found in this step. The factor 139 is not found this time because p−1 = 138 = 2 × 3 × 23 which is not a divisor of 9!
As can be seen in these examples we do not know i |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%20City%20GO%20Station | King City GO Station is a train and bus station in the GO Transit network located in King City, Ontario in Canada. It also serves the nearby communities of Nobleton, Oak Ridges, the northern parts of Maple (in Vaughan), and other communities in King Township. It is a stop on the Barrie line train service.
History
The original King Station was built in 1852 at a location less than a kilometre north of the current station, adjacent to the community's inn. The station building was moved to Boyd Conservation Area in Vaughan on 6 March 1968, then to the grounds of the King Township Museum in 1989, and was designated a heritage site in 1990.
GO Transit
The GO Station opened on 7 September 1982, with service extending south to Toronto and north to Bradford.
In 2002, with infrastructure funding from the provincial government, GO Transit expanded the station's parking lot capacity from 111 spaces to 255.
During 2004, the platform was extended in order to accommodate longer trainsets, thus removing any boarding restrictions that GO Transit had with this station prior to opening the extended rail platform. In addition, the extension also eliminated the problem of GO trains blocking a railroad crossing on Station Road while passengers boarded and disembarked.
Construction of a covered station building was completed in the summer of 2005, and a second parking lot on the west side of the tracks was opened in February 2006.
In February 2021, an article stated that Metrolinx had expropriated title to the adjacent property at the corner of Station Road and Keele Street as part of the GO Transit Regional Express Rail expansion program. Metrolinx offered $1 for the land, stating that the cost to clean up the property contaminated by the automobile repair shop renting it would exceed the property's assessed value of $2.1 million.
In 2022, construction will start to add a second track and platform for increased two-way all-day service, construct a new pedestrian bridge and increase parking capacity.
Services
As of January 2018, train service operates approximately every 15-30 minutes in the morning peak period, every 30 minutes in the afternoon peak period and every hour at other times. Outside of peak periods, most trains terminate at Aurora with connecting buses for stations further north.
On weekends and holidays, service operates approximately every hour to and from Union Station, with most trains terminating at Aurora station. Three daily trains in each direction cover the full route from Barrie to Toronto, while the remainder have bus connections at Aurora station for stations further north.
Connecting York Region Transit and GO buses serve the station from a bus stop on Keele Street at Station Road. Ontario Northland provides intercity service to North Bay and Sudbury.
Ridership
Daily train boarding at the station has increased from 199 in 2005 to a peak of 680 in 2008. In 2012, there were 655 daily boardings, or approximately 170,000 riders ann |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Street%20Fighter%20%28TV%20series%29 | Street Fighter is an animated television series based on the Street Fighter video game franchise by Capcom. The series aired as part of the USA Network's Cartoon Express and Action Extreme Team lineups. It lasted two 13-episode seasons, which aired from 1995 to 1997, for a total of 26 episodes.
The show is closely based on the Street Fighter II series, but also borrows plot elements and characters from the live-action Street Fighter film and the first two Street Fighter Alpha games, as well as other Capcom games such as Saturday Night Slam Masters and Final Fight.
The cartoon has received overwhelmingly negative reviews from critics and fans, with many listing this adaptation as the worst addition to the franchise.
Plot
Colonel William F. Guile is the leader of the "Street Fighters", an international undercover peacekeeping force composed of martial artists from around the world. They often face off against the ruthless General Bison and his Shadaloo criminal empire. They follow a code of honor involving the keywords "discipline", "justice" and "commitment".
Characters
Colonel William F. Guile
Voiced by: Michael Donovan
Guile is the main protagonist of the series and is depicted as the de facto leader of the "Street Fighters", a fictional peacekeeping force composed of several main characters from the games. He retains his rank and full name from the live action movie (Colonel William F. Guile). Unlike in the video games, Guile is single and has no children. He has an on-and-off relationship with an ex-girlfriend named Lucinda (an original character), and has a mutual attraction with Cammy. He appears in all Season 1 episodes and in most of Season 2.
General M. Bison
Voiced by: Richard Newman
Like in the games, M. Bison is the ruthless and megalomaniacal ruler of Shadaloo. He serves as the main antagonist of the series.
Chun-Li Xiang
Voiced by: Donna Yamamoto
Chun-Li serves as the lead female character in the series and appears in most episodes like Guile. Like in the games, she seeks to avenge her father, who was killed by M. Bison. Like her movie counterpart, she also works as a news reporter.
Carlos "Charlie" Blanka
Voiced by: Scott McNeil
Like in the film, the Blanka of the TV series is Guile's combat buddy Charlie, who was turned into a mutant by Dr. Dhalsim. He temporarily reverts to his original human form in "Eye of the Beholder", where he wears an outfit similar to Charlie from the Street Fighter Alpha games, but with a green version of the same vest and still wears his shackles.
Ken Masters
Voiced by: Scott McNeil
Ken is depicted as a traveling con-man who prefers to find ways to get rich rather than helping Guile and his team. He becomes a more prominent character during the second season and is the only character in the series to defeat Akuma in "The World's Greatest Warrior".
Ryu Hoshi
Voiced by: Tong Lung
He is portrayed as Ken's traveling partner and is depicted as the more mature and responsible one of the duo. Li |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurora%20GO%20Station | Aurora GO Station is a railway station and bus station in the GO Transit network located on Wellington Street East between Yonge Street and Bayview Avenue in Aurora, Ontario, Canada. It is a stop on the Barrie line train service, and connects with York Region Transit local bus routes, and the GO Express Bus between Newmarket Bus Terminal and Union Station Bus Terminal.
History
Aurora station opened on 16 May 1853, when steam train service began between Toronto and Machell's Corners, as Aurora was then known, on the Ontario, Simcoe and Huron Railway. The first train was led by the Toronto, the first locomotive built in Canada, completed at the James Good foundry Toronto Locomotive Works on 16 April 1853. The train consist included two boxcars carrying freight, one passenger coach car, and one mixed passenger and baggage car. This first voyage is commemorated by a plaque installed in 1953 at Union Station in Toronto, as well as a steam locomotive bell placed first at Centennial Park in May 1963, which has since been relocated to Aurora station. There is also a plaque placed in a small parkette at the station by the Board of Trade and another placed by the Province of Ontario to remember the event.
The train's arrival at the Wellington Street train station was greeted with cheers from nearly all residents of the community, who had assembled at the station, and the event was celebrated with a fireworks display. Connection to the railway led to prosperity for Aurora, with the development of two hotels, a wagon maker, a brewery, and other businesses. In 1855 the line was completed to Collingwood.
In 1900, Grand Trunk Railway constructed the present building to a standard plan design with a porte-cochère and low profile. The building was designated a provincial heritage building in 1971 and a federal heritage railway station in 1990.
The station building was renovated after GO Transit became the exclusive passenger carrier in 1992.
On August 21, 2012, GO Transit opened a new bus loop to accommodate all GO and York Region Transit bus service at the station.
Services
As of January 2018, weekday train service operates approximately every 15–30 minutes in the morning peak period (southbound), every 30 minutes in the afternoon peak period (northbound) and every hour at other times. Outside of peak periods, most trains terminate at Aurora with connecting buses for stations further north.
On weekends and holidays, service operates approximately every hour to and from Union Station, with most trains terminating at Aurora station. Three daily trains in each direction cover the full route from Barrie to Toronto, while the remainder have bus connections at Aurora station for stations further north.
Connecting York Region Transit buses
32 Aurora South
33 Wellington
54 Bayview
Mobility On-Request
Future
In August 2023, construction began on station improvements to support future all-day, two-way 15-minute service between Union Station and Aurora. The work |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newmarket%20GO%20Station | Newmarket GO Station is a train station in the GO Transit network located in the Old Davis Tannery Centre on the north side of Davis Drive East in Newmarket, Ontario, Canada, and is a stop on the Barrie line train service. It is a little over two kilometres east of the Newmarket Bus Terminal, at Davis Drive West and Eagle Street, which is a terminus for GO Bus, York Region Transit and Viva BRT services.
History
In 1853 the Ontario, Simcoe and Huron Railway opened the line between Toronto and Collingwood which was acquired by the Grand Trunk Railway in 1888 and later merged into the Canadian National Railway.
Newmarket railway station was built on the south side of Davis Drive by the Grand Trunk Railway in 1900. The original NRC station was subsequently repurposed as a freight shed.
The second station building is a one-storey wood clad stick frame building with board and batten siding associated with the Carpenter Gothic style. The west side has a projecting bay window flanked by waiting rooms, originally the south room for women and the north room for men.
The station building was designated a municipal heritage building in 1987 under the Ontario Heritage Act, and as a federal heritage building in 1992 under the Heritage Railway Stations Protection Act.
The GO Transit Barrie line is now owned by Metrolinx and the historic Grand Trunk Railway station is owned by the Town of Newmarket.
A platform extension and repair project began in March 2014. It also includes the rehabilitation of the parking lot, a new ticket booth with a customer waiting area and improved accessibility features.
Services
Newmarket station has weekday service consisting of 10 trains southbound to Union Station in the morning, a train northbound to Bradford in the early afternoon, 7 trains northbound to Allandale Waterfront Station in the afternoon and 2 trains northbound to Bradford in the evening and night. At other times, GO bus route 68 operates hourly between Barrie Bus Terminal and Aurora GO Station where passengers can connect to the all-day train service to Toronto.
Weekend train service consists of 3 trains southbound to Union station in the morning and 3 trains returning northbound in the afternoon and evening. At other times, the station is served by GO bus route 68 which operates hourly between Barrie Bus Terminal and Aurora GO station, where passengers can transfer to the all-day weekend train service toward Toronto.
Connecting buses
All buses serve the GO station from bus stops on Davis Drive and Main Street.
York Region Transit:
50 Queensway
54 Bayview
55 Davis Drive
Viva Yellow
GO Transit:
65 Union Station Bus Terminal/Aurora GO Station/East Gwillimbury GO Station
65B Union Station Bus Terminal/East Gwillimbury GO Station
68 Aurora GO Station/East Gwillimbury GO Station/Barrie Bus Terminal
References
External links
CNR Newmarket
Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada Railway Station Report RSR-138, CNR, Newmarket, Ontario
GO Transi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutherford%20GO%20Station | Rutherford GO Station is a train and bus station in the GO Transit network located in Vaughan, Ontario, Canada. It is a stop on the Barrie line train service. This station was opened in January 2001 to accommodate the growing ridership on the line. It is currently going through a redevelopment project which is expected to be completed in 2023.
History
This station was opened in January 2001 to accommodate the growing ridership on the Barrie line along with the growing communities surrounding Rutherford GO Station. Another reason for the station's presence was due to Maple GO Station's parking congestion prior to Rutherford's opening.
In May 2017, Metrolinx issued a request for qualification (RFQ) for the redevelopment of the station. In November 2017 Infrastructure Ontario issued a request for proposal from EllisDon Infrastructure Transit, Link Rutherford Station, and Steelhead, the three candidates shortlisted from the RFQ process, for the design, construction, and maintenance of the site. In December 2018, the contract for the project was awarded to EllisDon Infrastructure Transit and it was announced that construction on the project would start in spring 2019 and finish in 2023. The project included the following features:
New station building to include customer washrooms and digital displays.
New second rail track.
New rail platforms with a full canopy
New multi-level parking structure integrated with the station giving the station approximately 1,200 additional spaces.
100 new bicycle parking spots within the new parking structure.
New railway bridge over Rutherford Road to provide a grade separation.
Bicycle lanes and a pedestrian bridge.
Upgraded bus loop for GO Transit and York Region Transit buses.
Upgraded passenger pick up drop off area.
The new accessible station building opened in December 2021, and the previous station building was demolished in February 2022. In March 2022, the multi-level parking structure opened.
Services
As of January 2018, train service operates approximately every 15–30 minutes in the morning peak period, every 30 minutes in the afternoon peak period and every hour at other times. Outside of peak periods, most trains terminate at Aurora with connecting buses for stations further north.
Connecting services
This station is served by 3 York Region Transit (YRT) bus routes:
Route 85 - Rutherford
Route 87 - Autumn Hill
Route 107B - Keele
On weekends and holidays, service operates approximately hourly between Aurora and Toronto. Three daily trains in each direction cover the full route from Barrie to Toronto, while the remainder have bus connections at Aurora station for stations further north.
References
External links
Rutherford GO Station construction at GO Transit
GO Transit railway stations
Railway stations in Vaughan
Railway stations in Canada opened in 2001
2001 establishments in Ontario |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East%20Gwillimbury%20GO%20Station | East Gwillimbury GO Station is a train and bus station in the GO Transit network located in East Gwillimbury, Ontario, Canada. It is a stop on the Barrie line train service. The station was opened on November 1, 2004.
Services
East Gwillimbury station has weekday train service consisting of 10 trains southbound to Union Station in the morning, 1 train northbound to Bradford in the early afternoon, 7 trains northbound to Barrie in the afternoon and 2 trains northbound to Bradford in the evening and night. At other times, GO bus route 68 operates hourly between Barrie Bus Terminal and Aurora GO Station, where passengers can connect to the all-day train service to Toronto.
Weekend train service consists of 3 trains southbound to Union station in the morning and 3 trains returning northbound in the afternoon and evening. At other times, the station is served by GO bus route 68 which operates hourly between Barrie Bus Terminal and Aurora GO station, where passengers can transfer to the all-day weekend train service toward Toronto.
Connecting transit
The station has a bus terminal located on the north side where GO Bus service supplements trains during the time when no trains are scheduled. York Region Transit (YRT) routes extend here from their regular termini during rush hours to connect with GO Trains.
Platform assignments
Platform 1: GO Transit extra
Platform 2: GO Transit extra
Platform 4: GO 68B, 68 northbound to Barrie Bus Terminal
Platform 8: GO 66, 66A Southbound to Yorkdale Bus Terminal
Platform 9: GO 65B southbound to Union Station Bus Terminal via Newmarket GO Station
Platform 9: GO 65 southbound to Union Station Bus Terminal via Aurora GO Station
Platform 9: GO 68 southbound to Aurora GO Station
Platform 11: Unassigned
Platform 12: YRT Mobility On-Request
Platform 14: Unassigned
Platform 15: YRT 54 Bayview
References
External links
GO Transit railway stations
Railway stations in the Regional Municipality of York
Railway stations in Canada opened in 2004
East Gwillimbury
2004 establishments in Ontario |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bradford%20GO%20Station | Bradford GO Station is a railway station and bus station in the GO Transit network located in Bradford, Ontario in Canada. It is 67 km north of Union Station in downtown Toronto, and was the terminus of the Bradford line before it was extended to Barrie and renamed the Barrie line on December 17, 2007.
History
Bradford has had railway service since 1853, when the Ontario, Simcoe and Huron Railway was extended there from Machell's Corners (now known as Aurora). This would evolve into the Northern Railway of Canada, which was later acquired by the Grand Trunk Railway. It eventually became a part of the Canadian National Railway system in 1923.
In 1972, a Barrie commuter service to Toronto was established by CN Rail at the request of the Canadian Transportation Commission, which passed through Bradford. When CN Rail's passenger operations were transferred to the newly-formed Via Rail in 1978, the Barrie commuter line became a Via operation. This would be short-lived, however, as federal government budget cuts in 1981 eliminated 20% of Via Rail's network, including a number of commuter lines around Toronto, such as the Barrie line. After a significant public pressure campaign from transit activists and local municipalities along the line, the service was preserved and transferred from Via Rail to GO Transit. GO train service began on 7 September 1982, with Bradford as the terminal station, with GO bus service connecting riders from Barrie to Bradford. Initial service was a single weekday round trip.
From 1990 to 1993, Barrie succeeded Bradford as the terminal station on the line, before Ontario provincial government cuts caused the service to Barrie to end, with Bradford becoming the terminal station once again. Throughout the following years, train frequency along the line was gradually increased, with two trains a day starting in 1998. In 2007, service was finally extended north of Bradford once again, with Metrolinx's purchase of the CN Newmarket Subdivision. By the summer of 2012, five trains were running every weekday, and weekend and holiday train service was introduced for the summer.
In December 2018, the Town of Bradford West Gwillimbury voted to sell a vacant parcel of land north of the station to Metrolinx so that additional station parking could be constructed.
In January 2022, Metrolinx started to make improvements at the station to prepare for two-way, all-day service on the Barrie Line. Work includes an expanded bus loop with 3 new bays, a new heated waiting shelter, expanded parking, a new pick-up, drop-off area, a new CCTV system for security, improved electrical installations and a new underground storage tank for stormwater. The expected completion is expected in 2023.
Services
Bradford station has weekday train service consisting of 10 trains southbound to Union Station in the morning, 9 trains returning northbound in the afternoon and evening, and one train returning northbound at midnight. At other times, the station is |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old%20Cummer%20GO%20Station | Old Cummer GO Station is a train and bus station in the GO Transit network located in the North York district of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is a stop on the Richmond Hill line train service and offers service to Union Station in downtown Toronto.
In September 2004 construction began on a rehabilitated station building, providing improved lighting and providing accessible features into the station building.
, the station building is currently not staffed at any time and is closed to the public, but small pedestrian shelters are available.
The current GO schedule only has trains stopping during certain periods. Monday to Friday, southbound trains are only available between 6:32 and 8:32, arriving every hour. Northbound trains are only available 16:18 and 19:18, again arriving every hour.
Connecting transit
Local transit services are provided by the Toronto Transit Commission with buses along Leslie Street and frequent services along Finch Avenue (3-4 min frequency during peak). Express service is only available on the westbound bus stop. Stairs and a footbridge across Finch Avenue provide pedestrian access to the south bus stop and sidewalk.
The Canadian, VIA Rail's train between Vancouver and Toronto Union Station, passes through Old Cummer station but does not stop.
References
External links
GO Transit railway stations
Railway stations in Toronto
North York
Railway stations in Canada opened in 1978
1978 establishments in Ontario |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richmond%20Hill%20GO%20Station | Richmond Hill GO Station is a train and bus station in the GO Transit network located in Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada. It was the northern terminus of the Richmond Hill line train service from the service's inception in 1982 until the opening of Gormley GO Station on December 5, 2016.
Of all the Richmond Hill line stations, this is the only station that has a reduced length platform which accommodates only up to an L8 consist, a trainset consisting of eight Bombardier BiLevel Coaches and at least one locomotive. Beginning in the spring of 2015, the platform was scheduled to be extended to allow 12-car trains. A pedestrian bridge over Major Mackenzie Drive was built, and a new station building was planned but has not been built. The train layover facility in Richmond Hill was opened in 2014.
History
The original Richmond Hill railway station was a single storey clapboard building, located on the north side of Centre Street East, just a short distance north of the current station. Built in 1906 by the James Bay Railway, the station was closed by Canadian National Railway in 1968 and the building was relocated in 1979 to Richmond Green, at Elgin Mills Road and Leslie Street, to serve as a clubhouse for local minor soccer teams.
Connecting buses
York Region Transit:
4 Major Mackenzie (West)
25 Major Mackenzie (East)
86 Newkirk-Red Maple
GO Transit:
61 Bloomington GO Station to Union Station Bus Terminal
References
External links
Railway stations in Richmond Hill, Ontario
GO Transit railway stations
Railway stations in Canada opened in 1978
1978 establishments in Ontario |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langstaff%20GO%20Station | Langstaff GO Station is a train and bus station in the GO Transit network located in Richmond Hill, Ontario in Canada. It is a stop on the Richmond Hill line train service.
In May 2005, construction of a new and more modern station building was completed, replacing the previous station building at Langstaff Road and using the north end of the same train platform. The south building was converted to a waiting room after the new station building opened for service on June 6, 2005. The new building has a ticket office for passengers to purchase bus and train tickets on weekday mornings.
Langstaff Road East was the original routing of Highway 7 between Yonge Street and Bayview Avenue. When Highway 7 was upgraded, an overpass was constructed over the Canadian National Railway tracks, and the area north of Langstaff road became a large commuter parking lot. With the construction of Highway 407, the south lot was reduced in size, but newer developments north of the former Highway 7 led to the building of the new terminal. The south parking lot has a kiss and ride loop.
Bus connections
The station is served by GO Transit route 61 which travels between Gormley GO Station and Union Station. This bus route provides service during off-peak times.
All other bus connections are made at Richmond Hill Centre Terminal immediately west of Langstaff station. A pedestrian bridge was opened in March 2008 to connect Richmond Hill Centre Terminal and the GO train station. In 2011, GO Transit moved all Highway 407 East bus services from Langstaff GO Station to Richmond Hill Centre Terminal.
References
External links
GO Transit railway stations
Railway stations in Richmond Hill, Ontario
Railway stations in Canada opened in 1978
1978 establishments in Ontario |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GJXDM | The Global Justice XML Data Model (GJXDM or Global JXDM) is a data reference model for the exchange of information within the justice and public safety communities. The Global JXDM is a product of the Global Justice Information Sharing Initiative's (Global) Infrastructure and Standards Working Group (ISWG), and was developed by the Global ISWG's XML Structure Task Force (XSTF).
The Global JXDM is a comprehensive product that includes a data model, a data dictionary, and an XML schema that together is known as the Global JXDM. Global JXDM is independent of vendors, operating systems, storage media, and applications and is quickly becoming key technology for assisting how criminal and judicial organizations exchange information. The Global JXDM is sponsored by the United States Department of Justice (DOJ), Office of Justice Programs (OJP), with development supported by the Global XML Structure Task Force (GXSTF), which works closely with researchers at the Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI). New releases are issued by the GXSTF, which reviews and evaluates each version of the Global JXDM. The GXSTF solicits feedback from technical experts and practitioners in both industry and government and authorizes Global JXDM changes based on this feedback. All approved additions, deletions, and modifications are applied to future releases, with a cumulative change log published along with each release. When a reasonable number of updates are approved by the GXSTF, a new version is released.
The Global JXDM is an XML standard designed specifically for criminal justice information exchanges, providing law enforcement, public safety agencies, prosecutors, public defenders, and the judicial branch with a tool to effectively share data and information in a timely manner. The Global JXDM removes the burden from agencies to independently create exchange standards, and because of its extensibility, there is more flexibility to deal with unique agency requirements and changes. Through the use of a common vocabulary that is understood system-to-system, the Global JXDM enables access from multiple sources and reuse in multiple applications.
History
The federal government has long encouraged criminal justice agencies throughout the country to share information electronically. Historically, however, justice agencies have developed or invested in information systems independently of one another. While the applications that different organizations utilize to manage cases and store important information typically perform very similar functions, they often utilize unique technology or formatting that makes them incompatible with other systems. Consequently, many justice agencies have been forced to resort to inefficient methods of delivering information to each other, such as delivering important filings and documents via the postal service.
In March 2001, the OJP and the DOJ sponsored an effort to create a framework for the secure and timely sharing of information |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gran%20Turismo%203%3A%20A-Spec | Gran Turismo 3: A-Spec is a 2001 racing simulation game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2. It is the third instalment in the Gran Turismo series. During its demonstration at E3 2000 and E3 2001, the game's working title was Gran Turismo 2000.
Like its predecessors, the game released to critical acclaim and was a commercial success. It went on to become the best-selling game in the series to date, as well as the second best-selling PlayStation 2 game, and is the best-selling PlayStation 2 exclusive, having sold over 14 million copies since release. It is considered to be one of the greatest video games of all time.
Gameplay
The objective of the game is to win all the provided races, championships, complete license tests and achieve 100% game completion. Every 25% of the game completed results in the player being awarded a car as a special prize. For GT3, the Gran Turismo Mode (Simulation Mode in the North American version) has a reorganized layout, with a more structured and progressive arrangement of races and challenges. Races vary from short beginner events to multi-hour endurance races and also rallying events against an opponent. In addition to these modes, car shops are now organized by country and then by manufacturer.
The Arcade Mode is reorganized in "stages"; these stages are made up of 5 or 6 tracks pooled from all available tracks in the game, including both road and rally races. To get to the next stage, all tracks on a stage must be completed on Easy difficulty or higher. By beating the stage on Normal or Difficult, additional cars are unlocked as well for play in any mode of Arcade Mode (including two-player battle and time trial).
GT3 features 19 race courses, 14 of which have reverse variants and 4 of which are dirt tracks. Most of these circuits are at fictional locations, but California's Laguna Seca Raceway and Côte d’Azur (which is heavily based on the Monaco Grand Prix circuit) are not.
Other changes include the omission of the ability to "race modify" or add downforce to production cars, removal of suspension damage, and the absence of torque limits for races.
New to the franchise, GT3 also contained unlicensed versions of six actual Formula One cars, labelled as F686/M, F687/S, F688/S, F090/S, F094/H and F094/S (in the Japanese and American versions) that the player could win from endurance races. In the Japanese and American versions, the name of each car denotes various pieces of information (such as the amount of cylinders in the engine, the year the chassis was raced, and its driver, respectively). For example, the aforementioned F094/S was the 10-cylinder, 1994-season car driven by Ayrton Senna, whereas the F686/M represented the 6-cylinder, 1986-season car driven by Nigel Mansell. In the PAL release, however, there were only two F1 cars, not obviously based on any real-life counterparts and instead labelled as Polyphony 001 and 002 respectively.
G |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MoviePlex | MoviePlex, stylized as movieplex since 2006, is an American premium cable and satellite television network owned by the Starz Inc. subsidiary of Lions Gate Entertainment and headquartered at the Meridian International Business Center complex in Meridian, Colorado. Launched on 1 January 1997 as Plex: Encore 1, its programming consists of recent, as well as older theatrically released motion pictures. It is the sister channel of Starz and Starz Encore.
History
MoviePlex originally launched on January 1, 1997 as Plex: Encore 1; it replaced both INTRO Television (originally called TV! Network until September 1995), a cable channel that was launched in June 1994 by Liberty Media (initial owner of MoviePlex through a joint venture with parent company Tele-Communications, Inc.), which aired "sampler" blocks of programming from other cable channels without full coverage; and Encore Plus, a secondary Encore network that had utilized what came to be MoviePlex's format. The channel also had some original content. The relaunched network was originally referred to as "Plex" in promotions, with the numbering system used by the Encore networks at the time giving it the designation "Encore 1"; the network assumed the MoviePlex name in the fall of 1997.
MoviePlex's original programming format carried on that of its predecessor, as the channel featured day-long blocks of various programs from Encore's themed multiplex channels each day of the week, with a different channel being showcased each day; prior to MoviePlex's conversion into a standalone channel, it broadcast programming from children-oriented WAM! (now Starz Encore Family) on Sundays, Love Stories (now Starz Encore Classic) on Mondays, the main Encore channel on Tuesdays, Westerns (now Starz Encore Westerns) on Wednesdays, Action (now Starz Encore Action) on Thursdays, Mystery (now Starz Encore Mystery) on Fridays and True Stories (later Encore Drama; now Starz Encore Black) on Saturdays. Programming was shown on a one-hour delay from its presentation on that respective Encore channel, with R-rated films omitted from MoviePlex's schedule and substituted with alternative G-, PG- and PG-13-rated film titles. Presumably, this was to give viewers a chance to try out each channel of the multiplex before subscribing to it; alternatively, it also served as an outlet for some of the multiplex programming as some cable providers did not carry them all.
On June 2, 1997, TCI announced a deal in which it transferred majority ownership of its Encore Media Group subsidiary to Liberty Media, a transaction done in part to shield TCI from effects resulting from the significant profit losses incurred by Starz! following that channel's launch – TCI retained a minority 20% ownership interest until its 1999 merger with AT&T Corporation, when Liberty Media assumed full ownership of the Encore Media Group.
On April 4, 2006 at 12:00 a.m. Eastern Time, MoviePlex launched two companion multiplex channels: IndiePlex, which is |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UKF | UKF may refer to:
Unscented Kalman filter, a special case of an algorithm to handle measurements containing noise and other inaccuracies
UK funky, a genre of electronic dance music from the United Kingdom
UKF Music, an electronic music brand based in the United Kingdom
United Kingdom First, a small short-lived populist, Eurosceptic British political party
Univerzita Konštantína Filozofa, a university in Nitra, Slovakia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-98 | The , commonly shortened to PC-98 or , is a lineup of Japanese 16-bit and 32-bit personal computers manufactured by NEC from 1982 to 2000. The platform established NEC's dominance in the Japanese personal computer market, and, by 1999, more than 18 million units had been sold. While NEC did not market these specific machines in the West, it sold the NEC APC series, which had similar hardware to early PC-98 models.
The PC-98 was initially released as a business-oriented personal computer which had backward compatibility with the successful PC-8800 series. The range of the series has expanded, and in the 1990s it was used in a variety of industry fields including education and hobbies. NEC succeeded in attracting third-party suppliers and a wide range of users, and the PC-98 dominated the Japanese PC market with more than 60% market share by 1991. IBM clones lacked sufficient graphics capabilities to easily handle Japan's multiple writing systems, in particular kanji with its thousands of characters. In addition, Japanese computer manufacturers marketed personal computers that were based on each proprietary architecture for the domestic market. Global PC manufacturers, with the exception of Apple, had failed to overcome the language barrier, and the Japanese PC market was isolated from the global market.
By 1990, average CPUs and graphics capabilities were sufficiently improved. The DOS/V operating system enabled IBM clones to display Japanese text by using a software font only, giving a chance for global PC manufacturers to enter the Japanese PC market. The PC-98 is a non-IBM compatible x86-based computer and is thus capable of running ported (and localized) versions of MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows. However, as Windows spread, software developers no longer had to code their software separately for each specific platform, and the PC-98 became regarded as one of the Windows-based machines like other IBM clones. The PC-98 adopted non-proprietary parts developed for IBM clones to reduce manufacturing costs. Due to the popularity of Windows 95, the demand for the PC-98 on which legacy applications depend had declined. In 1997, NEC abandoned compatibility with the PC-98 and released the PC98-NX series based on the PC System Design Guide.
History
Background
NEC developed mainframes since the 1950s. By 1976, the company had the 4th highest mainframe sales (10.4%) in Japan after IBM (29.6%), Fujitsu (20.1%) and Hitachi (15.8%). NEC did not have a presence in the consumer market, and its subsidiary, New Nippon Electric (later NEC Home Electronics), had limited success with consumer products. NEC's Information Processing Group, which developed mainframes and minicomputers, had not developed a personal computer because they assumed microprocessors were not suitable for computing as they suffered from a lack of performance and reliability. However, the Electronic Device Sales Division developed the microprocessor evaluation kit TK-80, which became unexpec |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20Area%20Transport | Local Area Transport (LAT) is a non-routable (data link layer) networking technology developed by Digital Equipment Corporation to provide connection between the DECserver terminal servers and Digital's VAX and Alpha and MIPS host computers via Ethernet, giving communication between those hosts and serial devices such as video terminals and printers. The protocol itself was designed in such a manner as to maximize packet efficiency over Ethernet by bundling multiple characters from multiple ports into a single packet for Ethernet transport.
One LAT strength was efficiently handling time-sensitive data transmission. Over time, other host implementations of the LAT protocol appeared allowing communications to a wide range of Unix and other non-Digital operating systems using the LAT protocol.
History
In 1984, the first implementation of the LAT protocol connected a terminal server to a VMS VAX-Cluster in Spit Brook Road, Nashua, NH. By "virtualizing" the terminal port at the host end, a very large number of plug-and-play VT100-class terminals could connect to each host computer system. Additionally, a single physical terminal could connect via multiple sessions to multiple hosts simultaneously. Future generations of terminal servers included both LAT and TELNET protocols, one of the earliest protocols created to run on a burgeoning TCP/IP based Internet. Additionally, the ability to create reverse direction pathways from users to non-traditional RS232 devices (i.e. UNIX Host TTYS1 operator ports) created an entirely new market for Terminal Servers, now known as console servers in the mid to late 1990s, year 2000 and beyond through today.
LAT and VMS drove the initial surge of adoption of thick Ethernet by the computer industry. By 1986, terminal server networks accounted for 10% of Digital's $10 billion revenue. These early Ethernet LANs scaled using Ethernet bridges (another DEC invention) as well as DECnet routers. Subsequently, Cisco routers, which implemented TCP-IP and DECnet, emerged as a global connection between these packet-based Ethernet LANs.
Over time, when terminals became less popular, terminal emulators had a built-in LAT client.
LAT features
If a computer communicating via LAT doesn't receive an acknowledgment within 80 milliseconds for a packet it transmitted, it resends that packet; this can clog a network. No data is sent if no data is offered and under heavy loads LAT limits the number of packets sent per second to twenty-four: twelve transmits and twelve receives. As more characters are sent, the packets get bigger but not more numerous. Above 80 milliseconds latency a touch typist will notice the sluggish character echo. The LAT 80 millisecond delay offloads both the network by sending fewer larger packets which also reduces interrupts at each system.
Early terminal server vendors
Digital Equipment Corporation - primarily via their DECserver systems.
Able Computer - An early provider of Terminal Server products.
Chase |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ULCC | ULCC may refer to:
Union League Club of Chicago, a social and civic club
Ultra Large Crude Carrier, a class of oil tanker
University of London Computer Centre, a supercomputer facility
Ultra low-cost carrier, an airline that is operated with an especially high emphasis on minimizing operating costs
See also
Uralungal Labour Contract Co-operative Society (ULCCS) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scenario%20%28computing%29 | In computing, a scenario (, ; loaned (), ) is a narrative of foreseeable interactions of user roles (known in the Unified Modeling Language as 'actors') and the technical system, which usually includes computer hardware and software.
A scenario has a goal, which is usually functional. A scenario describes one way that a system is used, or is envisaged to be used, in the context of an activity in a defined time-frame. The time-frame for a scenario could be (for example) a single transaction; a business operation; a day or other period; or the whole operational life of a system. Similarly the scope of a scenario could be (for example) a single system or a piece of equipment; an equipped team or a department; or an entire organization.
Scenarios are frequently used as part of the system development process. They are typically produced by usability or marketing specialists, often working in concert with end users and developers. Scenarios are written in plain language, with minimal technical details, so that stakeholders (designers, usability specialists, programmers, engineers, managers, marketing specialists, etc.) can have a common ground to focus their discussions.
Increasingly, scenarios are used directly to define the wanted behaviour of software: replacing or supplementing traditional functional requirements. Scenarios are often defined in use cases, which document alternative and overlapping ways of reaching a goal.
Types of scenario in system development
Many types of scenario are in use in system development. Alexander and Maiden list the following types:
Story: "a narrated description of a causally connected sequence of events, or of actions taken". Brief User stories are written in the Agile style of software development.
Situation, Alternative World: "a projected future situation or snapshot". This meaning is common in planning, but less usual in software development.
Simulation: use of models to explore and animate 'Stories' or 'Situations', to "give precise answers about whether such a scenario could be realized with any plausible design" or "to evaluate the implications of alternative possible worlds or situations".
Storyboard: a drawing, or a sequence of drawings, used to describe a user interface or to tell a story. This meaning is common in Human–computer interaction to define what a user will see on a screen.
Sequence: a list of interactive steps taken by human or machine agents playing system roles. The many forms of scenario written as sequences of steps include Operational Scenarios, Concepts of Operations, and Test Cases.
Structure: any more elaborately-structured representation of a scenario, including Flowcharts, UML/ITU 'Sequence Charts', and especially in software development Use cases.
Negative scenarios or misuse cases may be written to indicate likely threats which should be countered to ensure that systems have sufficient security, safety, and reliability. These help to discover non-functional requir |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic-aperture%20sonar | Synthetic-aperture sonar (SAS) is a form of sonar in which sophisticated post-processing of sonar data is used in ways closely analogous to synthetic-aperture radar. Synthetic-aperture sonars combine a number of acoustic pings to form an image with much higher along-track resolution than conventional sonars. The along-track resolution can approach half the length of one sonar element, though is downward limited by 1/4 wavelength. The principle of synthetic-aperture sonar is to move the sonar while illuminating the same spot on the sea floor with several pings. When moving along a straight line, those pings that have the image position within the beamwidth constitute the synthetic array. By coherent reorganization of the data from all the pings, a synthetic-aperture image is produced with improved along-track resolution. In contrast to conventional side-scan sonar, SAS processing provides range-independent along-track resolution. At maximum range the resolution can be magnitudes better than that of side-scan sonars.
A 2013 technology review with examples and future trends is also available. For academics, the IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering article: Synthetic Aperture Sonar, A Review of Current Status gives an overview of the history and an extensive list of references for the community achievements up to 2009.
See also
Beamforming
Phased array
References
External links
Exploration Tools: Synthetic Aperture Sonar: NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research
Sonar
Synthetic aperture radar |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC%20Europe | NBC Europe (formerly Super Channel, and later NBC Channel) was a satellite television network based in the United Kingdom that broadcast across Europe, and it was picked up by various European cable systems where available.
The network was based in the heart of London, 19-22 Rathbone Place in the same building as Music Box, would later become the home of CNN International until 2007. For a number of months, the transmission facilities were provided by Molinare at Fouberts Place, and returned briefly until the Marcucci family acquired Melrose House, 14 Lanark Square in Limeharbour where it set up as a state-of-the-art broadcasting centre.
History
1987–1993: Super Channel
Launched on 30 January 1987, replacing the 24-hour music channel Music Box, it was co-owned by all but one of the ITV companies at the time in the United Kingdom. Virgin Group had a majority stake in Music Box (60%) and would own 15% of the equity with the rest being split between ITV franchise holders including Granada, Yorkshire, LWT, Central, Anglia, Tyne Tees, Ulster, Grampian, Scottish, Border, HTV, TSW and TVS, while Thames and TV-am were the only two of the contractors not to participate. It competed with Sky Channel (forerunner of Sky One), which was the only other major pan-European satellite television network around at the time. Unlike Sky Channel, syndicated output was less American and more European. Much of its programming was sourced from ITV or the BBC as part of "Best of British", and it also featured ITN-produced news bulletins. It also broadcast syndicated non-British European programmes, including the Dutch sitcom Zeg 'ns Aaa (with English subtitles).
Super Channel fared poorly, due to United Kingdom-based programming seen as unsuitable for European audiences, such as drama being seen as "too violent" or "too realistic", as well as a dispute with the British actors' union who demanded additional fees for viewing by audiences which meant that it could no longer offer the 'Best of British to a European audience'.
Within a year, the ITV companies sold the network to the Italian Marcucci family, owners of Videomusic, the first music channel in Italy, with a minority stake being held by Richard Branson's Virgin plc. The programming changed from British to pan-European, although it continued carrying ITN World News bulletins.
1993–1998: NBC steps in
On 2 October 1993, the station which was in severe financial difficulties was taken over by the American company General Electric, then-parent of the NBC television network, and became NBC Super Channel. From 9 September 1996, the channel was renamed NBC Europe, but was from then on almost always referred to as simply "NBC" on the air, although the network (along with its sister station CNBC Europe launched on 11 March earlier that year) was transmitted from the GE building in Hammersmith. The transmission suite used cutting edge Pro-Bel COMPASS and MAPP automation at the time, and Profile video servers for all c |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argon%20Zark%21 | Argon Zark! is a webcomic, created by cartoonist and web site designer Charley Parker. The strip, drawn using a graphics tablet and computer graphics software, first appeared in June 1995. A collection, billed as a "Dead Tree Souvenir Edition", was published in December 1997. The strip was last updated in September 2019.
Synopsis
Argon Zark! is about a hacker who has created a new Internet protocol, named "Personal Transport Protocol" or "PTP", which enables the physical transport of people or objects through the Internet. On his first test of the new protocol, he is joined by his "Personal Digital Assistant" Cybert, and a delivery girl named Zeta Fairlight who is accidentally caught in the action when Argon and Cybert enter the computer and the World Wide Web.
References
Bibliography
Books
Parker, Charley (1997). Argon Zark!, Arclight Publishing
Iuppa, Nicholas V. (1998). Designing Digital Media, page 149 plus CD-ROM content, Focal Press
Alspach, Jennifer (1998). Photoshop and Illustrator Studio Secrets, pp. 223–229 IDG Books
McCloud, Scott (2000). Reinventing Comics, pp. 165, 214, Paradox Press
Withrow, Stephen (2003). Toon Art: The art of Digital Cartooning, pp. 45 118–119, 184 Watson-Guptill
Hartas. Leo (2004). How to Draw and Sell Digital Cartoons, pp. 17, 60, 72, Barron's Educational Series
Periodicals
Kurtz, Frank (December 1996). "Panels and Frames", Internet Underground
Newspapers
Sunday Tech section (August 25, 1996). The Houston Chronicle
Macklin, William H. (June 5, 1997). "Cyber Hero to the Rescue", The Philadelphia Inquirer, pp. F1, F3, Knight Ridder Wire Services
Carrington, Penelope M. (June 6, 1997). "Argon's World", Richmond Times-Dispatch, pp. E1, E6-7, E11
External links
Dinosaur Cartoons by Charley Parker
Webcomics in print
Science fiction webcomics
American comedy webcomics
1990s webcomics
2000s webcomics
2010s webcomics
1995 webcomic debuts |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/32nd%20Daytime%20Emmy%20Awards | The 32nd Daytime Emmy Awards, commemorating excellence in American daytime programming from the 2004 calendar year, was held on Friday, May 20, 2005, at Radio City Music Hall in New York City & Sponsored by Procter & Gamble. CBS televised the ceremonies in the United States. Creative Arts Emmy Awards were presented on May 14, 2005, while nominations were announced on March 2.
CBS also conducted an online viewer poll to decide the "Most Irresistible Combination".
Nominations and winners
The following is a partial list of nominees, with winners in bold:
Outstanding Drama Series
All My Children: Julie Hanan Carruthers, executive producer; Ginger Smith, producer; Karen Johnson, producer; Casey Childs, producer
As the World Turns: Christopher Goutman, executive producer; Carole Shure, senior producer; Vivian Gundaker, producer; Kelsey Bay, coordinating producer
General Hospital: Jill Farren Phelps, executive producer; Mary O'Leary, producer; Carol Scott, producer; Mercer Barrows, producer; Michelle Henry, producer; Deborah A. Genovese, coordinating producer; Charles Pratt Jr., consulting producer; Robert Guza Jr., consulting producer
The Young and the Restless: William J. Bell, executive producer; John F. Smith, co-executive producer; Edward J. Scott, supervising producer; Kathryn Foster, producer; John Fisher, coordinating producer
Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series
Grant Aleksander (Phillip Spaulding, Guiding Light)
Steve Burton (Jason Morgan, General Hospital)
Roger Howarth (Paul Ryan, As the World Turns)
Michael E. Knight (Tad Martin, All My Children)
Christian LeBlanc (Michael Baldwin, The Young and the Restless)
Jack Wagner (Nick Marone, The Bold and the Beautiful)
Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series
Martha Byrne (Lily Walsh Snyder, As the World Turns)
Kassie DePaiva (Blair Cramer, One Life to Live)
Susan Flannery (Stephanie Douglas Forrester, The Bold and the Beautiful)
Nancy Lee Grahn (Alexis Davis, General Hospital)
Juliet Mills (Tabitha Lenox, Passions)
Erika Slezak (Victoria Lord, One Life to Live)
Michelle Stafford (Phyllis Summers Abbott, The Young and the Restless)
Kim Zimmer (Reva Shayne Lewis, Guiding Light)
Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series
Jeff Branson (Jonathan Lavery, All My Children)
Tyler Christopher (Nikolas Cassadine, General Hospital)
Justin Deas (Buzz Cooper, Guiding Light)
Rick Hearst (Ric Lansing, General Hospital)
Cameron Mathison (Ryan Lavery, All My Children)
Greg Rikaart (Kevin Fisher, The Young and the Restless)
Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series
Crystal Chappell (Olivia Spencer, Guiding Light)
Robin Christopher (Skye Chandler, General Hospital)
Jeanne Cooper (Katherine Chancellor, The Young and the Restless)
Ilene Kristen (Roxy Balsom, One Life to Live)
Natalia Livingston (Emily Quartermaine, General Hospital)
Heather Tom (Kelly Cramer, One Life to Live)
Outstanding Younger Actor in a Drama Series
Scott Clifton (Dillon Quartermaine, General Hospital)
Michael Graziadei |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low%20Pin%20Count | The Low Pin Count (LPC) bus is a computer bus used on IBM-compatible personal computers to connect low-bandwidth devices to the CPU, such as the BIOS ROM (BIOS ROM was moved to the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus in 2006), "legacy" I/O devices (integrated into Super I/O, Embedded Controller, CPLD, and/or IPMI chip), and Trusted Platform Module (TPM). "Legacy" I/O devices usually include serial and parallel ports, PS/2 keyboard, PS/2 mouse, and floppy disk controller.
Most PC motherboards with an LPC bus have either a Platform Controller Hub (PCH) or a southbridge chip, which acts as the host and controls the LPC bus. All other devices connected to the physical wires of the LPC bus are peripherals.
Overview
The LPC bus was introduced by Intel in 1998 as a software-compatible substitute for the Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus. It resembles ISA to software, although physically it is quite different. The ISA bus has a 16-bit data bus and a 24-bit address bus that can be used for both 16-bit I/O port addresses and 24-bit memory addresses; both run at speeds up to 8.33 MHz. The LPC bus uses a heavily multiplexed four-bit-wide bus operating at four times the clock speed (33.3 MHz) to transfer addresses and data with similar performance.
LPC's main advantage is that the basic bus requires only seven signals, greatly reducing the number of pins required on peripheral chips. An integrated circuit using LPC will need 30 to 72 fewer pins than its ISA equivalent. It is also easier to route on modern motherboards, which are often quite crowded. The clock rate was chosen to match that of PCI in order to further ease integration. Also, LPC is intended to be a motherboard-only bus. There is no standardized connector in common use, though Intel defines one for use for debug modules, and few LPC peripheral daughterboards are available, including Trusted Platform Modules (TPMs) with a TPM daughterboard whose pinout is proprietary to the motherboard vendor as well as POST cards for displaying BIOS diagnostic codes and proprietary cards such as RS-232 and Parallel port devices for industrial use. Device discovery is not supported; since only motherboard devices or specific models of TPM are connected, the host firmware (BIOS, UEFI) image will include a static description of any devices and their I/O addresses expected to be present on a particular motherboard.
Signals
The LPC specification defines seven mandatory signals required for bidirectional data transfer:
LCLK: 33.3 MHz clock, provided by the host. May be connected to the conventional PCI clock (PCICLK), thereby not requiring a dedicated pin on the host (south bridge).
LRESET#: Active-low bus reset. May be connected to PCIRST#.
LFRAME#: This active-low signal indicates the beginning of an LPC bus transaction. Driven by the host only.
LAD[3:0]: These four bidirectional signals carry multiplexed address, data, and other information. Like the previous two control signals, these si |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switched%20fabric | Switched fabric or switching fabric is a network topology in which network nodes interconnect via one or more network switches (particularly crossbar switches). Because a switched fabric network spreads network traffic across multiple physical links, it yields higher total throughput than broadcast networks, such as the early 10BASE5 version of Ethernet and most wireless networks such as Wi-Fi.
The generation of high-speed serial data interconnects that appeared in 2001–2004 which provided point-to-point connectivity between processor and peripheral devices are sometimes referred to as fabrics; however, they lack features such as a message-passing protocol. For example, HyperTransport, the computer processor interconnect technology, continues to maintain a processor bus focus even after adopting a higher speed physical layer. Similarly, PCI Express is just a serial version of PCI; it adheres to PCI's host/peripheral load/store direct memory access (DMA)-based architecture on top of a serial physical and link layer.
Fibre Channel
In the Fibre Channel Switched Fabric (FC-SW-6) topology, devices are connected to each other through one or more Fibre Channel switches. While this topology has the best scalability of the three FC topologies (the other two are Arbitrated Loop and point-to-point), it is the only one requiring switches, which are costly hardware devices.
Visibility among devices (called nodes) in a fabric is typically controlled with Fibre Channel zoning.
Multiple switches in a fabric usually form a mesh network, with devices being on the "edges" ("leaves") of the mesh. Most Fibre Channel network designs employ two separate fabrics for redundancy. The two fabrics share the edge nodes (devices), but are otherwise unconnected. One of the advantages of such setup is capability of failover, meaning that in case one link breaks or a fabric goes out of order, datagrams can be sent via the second fabric.
The fabric topology allows the connection of up to the theoretical maximum of about 16 million devices, limited only by the available address space (224).
239 domains * 256 areas * 256 ports = 15,663,104
See also
Clos network
Fabric Application Interface Standard
InfiniBand
Network traffic control
RapidIO
VPX
References
External links
What is a Switch Fabric
Fibre Channel
Network topology |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structure%20of%20Management%20Information | In computing, the Structure of Management Information (SMI), an adapted subset of ASN.1, is a technical language used in definitions of Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and its extensions to define sets ("modules") of related managed objects in a Management Information Base (MIB).
SMI subdivides into three parts: module definitions, object definitions, and notification definitions.
Module definitions are used when describing information modules. An ASN .1 macro, MODULE-IDENTITY, is used to concisely convey the semantics of an information module.
Object definitions describe managed objects. An ASN.1 macro, OBJECT-TYPE, is used to concisely convey the syntax and semantics of a managed object.
Notification definitions (aka "traps") are used when describing unsolicited transmissions of management information. An ASN.1 macro, NOTIFICATION-TYPE, concisely conveys the syntax and semantics of a notification.
Implementations
libsmi, a C library for accessing MIB information
References
External links
, Standard 58, Conformance Statements for SMIv2
, Standard 58, Textual Conventions for SMIv2
, Standard 58, Structure of Management Information Version 2 (SMIv2)
Network management
Data modeling
ASN.1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20Access%20Language | Data Access Language for the Macintosh, or simply DAL, was a SQL-like language and application programming interface released by Apple Computer in 1990 to provide unified client/server access to database management systems. It was known for poor performance and high costs, something Apple did little to address over its short lifetime, before it was sold off in 1994. DAL is used as the native SQL dialect of the PrimeBase SQL server, as well as the now-defunct Butler SQL.
History
DAL started as a 3rd-party product, CL/1 (Connectivity Language One), from a small vendor, Network Innovations. Apple purchased the company in 1988, during a time that client/server databases were becoming a hot issue in the industry. They released their first version of the re-branded software in 1989, for MVS, and followed with other versions over the next year or so.
DAL suffered from most Apple problems of the early 1990s, notably an alternating level of support in which Apple would aggressively promote the product and then ignore it. Throughout, the company struggled with promoting the system as a cross-platform standard, or as a Mac-only technology. DAL's release was also coincident with Apple's fall from grace in the business world, and not coincidentally with Microsoft's ODBC efforts.
DAL appears to have seen little use, and eventually Apple sold it to Independence Technologies in 1994, during a sell-off of a number of "high-end" packages such as their X.400 server and an SNA client. Independence Technologies was a middleware vendor, better known as a major reseller of the Tuxedo product for Unix. In 1995 BEA Systems bought the company, and in turn sold it to UniPrise Systems in late 1996. No releases took place during this period.
Description
Like Oracle's PL/SQL or Microsoft's Transact-SQL, DAL is essentially an extended version of SQL supporting basic query functionality and adding clean syntax for cursor operations, logic, and loops.
When sent a command, early versions of Apple's DAL interpreter broke down the statement and re-built it into subqueries for the underlying data sources. This translation took place on the server-side, just like PL/SQL and Transact-SQL, but required a fairly expensive "adaptor" program of often dubious performance. This adaptor made DAL considerably less appealing than later systems like ODBC, where the translation normally takes place on the client side and is typically included for free with the database engine. The downside to the ODBC approach is that, theoretically at least, more network bandwidth is used up to pull the "raw data" to the client machine for processing back into a standard format.
On the client end, DAL was originally accessed directly through a system extension (named simply "DAL" in System 7), but it was later rolled into a single ODBC-like driver layer, the Data Access Manager (DAM). DAM was ODBC-like in concept, but did not include the SQL layers, it was strictly a system for sending "opaque" queries |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical%20seismic%20profile | In geophysics, vertical seismic profile (VSP) is a technique of seismic measurements used for correlation with surface seismic data. The defining characteristic of a VSP (of which there are many types) is that either the energy source, or the detectors (or sometimes both) are in a borehole. In the most common type of VSP, hydrophones, or more often geophones or accelerometers, in the borehole record reflected seismic energy originating from a seismic source at the surface.
There are numerous methods for acquiring a vertical seismic profile (VSP). Zero-offset VSPs (A) have sources close to the wellbore directly above receivers. Offset VSPs (B) have sources some distance from the receivers in the wellbore. Walkaway VSPs (C) feature a source that is moved to progressively farther offset and receivers held in a fixed location. Walk-above VSPs (D) accommodate the recording geometry of a deviated well, having each receiver in a different lateral position and the source directly above the receiver. Salt-proximity VSPs (E) are reflection surveys to help define a salt-sediment interface near a wellbore by using a source on top of a salt dome away from the drilling rig. Drill-noise VSPs (F), also known as seismic-while-drilling (SWD) VSPs, use the noise of the drill bit as the source and receivers laid out along the ground. Multi-offset VSPs (G) involve a source some distance from numerous receivers in the wellbore.
A vertical seismic profile is constructed to identify a value known as a source wavelet. This is useful when it comes to a process known as deconvolution. Deconvolution allows for a more readable and more focused VSP. The idea is that the VSP reports any abnormal seismic activity and deconvolution allows for a more focused profile on these abnormal activities. VSPs are used to measure a seismic signal at depth and with that measurement the wavelength at the source of the seismic activity is easily found. With the measurement of the source wavelet, geophysicists can carry out deconvolution on the VSP and decrease the reports of all seismic activity and limit the reports to just abnormal or extreme changes in seismic activity.
In recent years, using a VSP has become more popular in regards to reducing well placement risks as well as improving the monitoring of such wells. The advancement in technology for well monitoring has made VSPs more accurate and more precise with the use of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI). VLBI is an astronomical radio antenna technique that allows for high resolution imaging on a spatial scale. Therefore, using these techniques to create a seismic profile produces incredibly accurate images of wavelets and enhances determination of source wavelets. VSPs are more suitable than other seismic profiles to host the equipment for VLBI. The long vertical length required to create a borehole for a VSP allows for the equipment of a VLBI to analyze data within a larger region. VLBI can produce high resolution results wi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Princess | Australian Princess is an Australian reality television show that first premiered on Network Ten on 5 October 2005. It is produced by Granada Australia, who are responsible for other programs such as Dancing with the Stars, Australia's Next Top Model, and Merrick and Rosso Unplanned. It is an Australian version of American Princess.
The show is also aired in the United Kingdom on ITV2, in Finland on SubTV, in Canada on W Network, in the United States on WE: Women's Entertainment, in the Middle East on MBC 4, and in Belgium on Vitaya.
The contestants have been judged by Paul Burrell, Jane Luedecke (sister of Sarah, Duchess of York) and Jean Broke-Smith since its inception along with various other guest judges. The two series of the show were hosted by Jackie O.
Overview
Fuelled by the fairy tale story of Mary Donaldson who, in 2004, married Denmark’s heir to the throne, Crown Prince Frederick, Australian Princess scoured the country to find 12 young Australian women and give them the journey of their lives.
Paul Burrell, former butler to Diana, Princess of Wales and footman in the Royal Household of Queen Elizabeth II, led a team of international experts, who attempted to shape these ordinary 'Aussie' girls into worldly sophisticated women ready to handle the challenges of being a young royal. The contestants took classes, met challenges and attempted to convince the judges that they have what it takes to mix in elite social circles both in Australia and the United Kingdom.
Cast
Host
Jackie O
Judges
Paul Burrell
Jane Luedecke
Jean Broke-Smith
Series one
The first season of Australian Princess was aired in late 2005 on Network Ten. Despite initial critical cynicism of the program's concept, it quickly gained cult status and was praised for the quality of its production, witty and often cringe-induced humour (one recalls a contestant's sobbing lament of the deaths of two icons she held dear - Diana, Princess of Wales, and Tupac Shakur).
Ally Mansell from the University of Wollongong and Danebank was announced the winner during the final show, which was aired in Australia on 23 November 2005. She was crowned a "princess" in the finale and won a prize package including a hand gilded tiara and the chance to be escorted to a gala ball by a real life Prince Charming in the United Kingdom.
The first series was released on DVD on 12 December 2005.
Contestants
Zena Alliu, 20, South Australia
Christine Bryan, 22, Queensland
Laura Davey, 19, Victoria
Alana Gray, 20, South Australia
Carryn Jack, 19, Australian Capital Territory
Laura Kiddle, 22, Victoria
Ally Mansell, 20, New South Wales (Winner)
Veronica McCann, 21, Western Australia
Kirusha Moodley, 28, Western Australia
Zena Moussa, 21, New South Wales
Belinda Royal, 24, Victoria
Wendy Slack-Smith, 27, New South Wales (Runner Up)
Melissa Starzynski, 23, Victoria
Abby Valdes, 28, Victoria (Second Runner Up)
Both winner and runner up Australian Princesses, Ally Mansell and Wendy |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mcrypt | mcrypt is a replacement for the popular Unix crypt command. crypt was a file encryption tool that used an algorithm very close to the World War II Enigma cipher. Mcrypt provides the same functionality but uses several modern algorithms such as AES. Libmcrypt, Mcrypt's companion, is a library of code that contains the actual encryption functions and provides an easy method for use. The last update to libmcrypt was in 2007, despite years of unmerged patches. Maintained alternatives include ccrypt, libressl, and others.
Examples of mcrypt usage in a Linux command-line environment:
mcrypt --list # See available encryption algorithms.
mcrypt -a blowfish myfilename # Encrypts myfilename to myfilename.nc
# using the Blowfish encryption algorithm.
# You are prompted two times for a passphrase.
mcrypt -d mytextfile.txt.nc # Decrypts mytextfile.txt.nc to mytextfile.txt.
mcrypt -V -d -a enigma -o scrypt --bare # Can en/decrypt files crypted with SunOS crypt.
mcrypt --help
It implements numerous cryptographic algorithms, mostly block ciphers and stream ciphers, some of which fall under export restrictions in the United States. Algorithms include DES, Blowfish, ARCFOUR, Enigma, GOST, LOKI97, RC2, Serpent, Threeway, Twofish, WAKE, and XTEA.
See also
bcrypt
crypt (Unix)
ccrypt
scrypt
References
External links
The original mcrypt homepage
MCrypt homepage
MCrypt development site
Cryptographic software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castle%20Technology | Castle Technology Limited, named after Framlingham Castle, was a British computer company based in Cambridge, England. It began as a producer of ARM computers and manufactured the Acorn-branded range of desktop computers that run RISC OS.
Following the break-up of Acorn in 1998, Castle Technology bought the rights to continue production of the RISC PC and A7000+ computers under the Acorn brand. Castle Technology later released the Iyonix PC in November 2002, the first desktop computer to use the Intel XScale microarchitecture and then bought the rights to the RISC OS Technology from Pace in July 2003.
History
After Acorn withdrew from the desktop computer industry in 1998, Castle Technology acquired the rights to produce the A7000, A7000+ and RISC PC using the Acorn brand.
In 2001, development started on the Iyonix PC (codenamed Tungsten) as a set-top unit (STU) in secret by engineers at Pace's Shipley campus along with a 32-bit version of RISC OS 4 (known as RISC OS 5). When management discovered the project the campus was closed.
Castle Technology acquired the proposed designs and the original engineers from Pace to further develop the Tungsten into a desktop computer. Robert Sprowson, the original hardware designer, declined to join Castle Technology and so Peter Wild was recruited. The Iyonix PC was released six months later. Although it was well received, it was not designed for long-term production and therefore used some components that were near obsolete when it was released.
A problem for the Iyonix PC was that it used leaded components which were outlawed with the adoption of Directive 2002–95/EC in February 2003 by the European Union. However, by this time Castle Technology was financially troubled and could not afford to re-engineer the Iyonix PC without the leaded components. The remaining Iyonix stock were passed to Iyonix Limited which stopped distribution on 30 September 2008.
In 2004, Castle Technology acquired Tematic to further development of RISC OS in embedded systems. In December 2005, Castle Technology moved its main office to the former premises of its software development division, following the migration of Tematic to a neighbouring premises in Signet Court, Cambridge.
In 2018 RISC OS Developments acquired Castle Technology Ltd including the Intellectual Property.
References
External links
RISC OS
Computer hardware companies
Companies based in Cambridge |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedline%20Express | Swedline Express was an airline based in Hultsfred, Sweden. It operated domestic and international passenger services.
Code data
IATA Code: SM
ICAO Code: SRL
Callsign: Starline
History
The airline was established and started operations in 1993 as Varmlandsflyg until 1 December 2002 when it changed its name to Swedline Express. It was wholly owned by Sievert Andersson.
On 12 July 2006 the airline ceased operations due to bankruptcy.
Fleet
The Swedline Express fleet consisted of the following aircraft in August 2006:
2 - Saab 2000
3 - Saab 340A
References
External links
Swedline Express
Defunct airlines of Sweden
Airlines established in 1993
Airlines disestablished in 2006 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Funtastic%20World%20of%20Hanna-Barbera | The Funtastic World of Hanna-Barbera is an American animated syndicated programming block produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions that ran on a weekly schedule and was performed in live action. The program ran from 1985 to 1994.
Overview
The block premiered on Sunday, September 15, 1985, and included an array of both old and new Hanna-Barbera original cartoon shows. The show aired on Sundays in most markets, but some stations broadcast it on both weekdays and Saturdays. The 1985 to 1987 edition was hosted by legendary Hanna-Barbera mainstays, Yogi Bear, Quick Draw McGraw, Huckleberry Hound and Snagglepuss in their live action costumed forms (all voiced by Daws Butler).
Each show included HBTV segments featuring music videos of classic Hanna-Barbera cartoon clips (similar to Disney's D-TV and similar videos on MTV). It included hits like "Bad Moon Rising" by Creedence Clearwater Revival and "Somebody's Watching Me" by Rockwell. "It's Fun! Fun! Fun! Funtastic!", was the main theme song for the Funtastic World's first three seasons and also the theme for Yogi's newest series, Yogi's Treasure Hunt. Next, "The Down and Dirty Dinosaurs" from the game show Skedaddle hosted the 1988 edition, and then the 1990 edition was hosted by Kenny Ford and Jennifer Love Hewitt (while their show Kids Incorporated was off the air).
The shows featured in the animation block had a superstar lineup of both old and new H-B animated characters. The block ran from 1985 to 1994, initially as a -hour block featuring The Paw-Paws, Yogi's Treasure Hunt, and Galtar and the Golden Lance. However it became a mighty success and the block went to 2 hours in 1986. In the block's final year, two of its shows, SWAT Kats: The Radical Squadron and 2 Stupid Dogs, also aired on TBS Sunday mornings.
Distribution
It was originally distributed by Worldvision Enterprises, then moved to Turner Program Services after the sale of the Hanna-Barbera studio to Turner Broadcasting. Most of the shows that aired on the block are now distributed by Warner Bros. Television Distribution. When it first aired, The Funtastic World of Hanna-Barbera could be seen on all independent stations owned by Taft, the parent company of Hanna-Barbera Productions and Worldvision Enterprises at the time.
Stations
When The Funtastic World of Hanna-Barbera first launched on Sunday, September 15, 1985, it was also pre-sold to Taft Broadcasting, Tribune, Metromedia, Chris-Craft owned stations.
Shows
The Adventures of Don Coyote and Sancho Panda (1990–93)
Dastardly and Muttley in Their Flying Machines (1993–94)
Fantastic Max (1988–92)
The Flintstone Kids (1988)
The Further Adventures of SuperTed (1989–90)
Galtar and the Golden Lance (1985–87, 1988–89)
HBTV (1985–87)
The Jetsons (1993–94)
Jonny Quest/The New Adventures of Jonny Quest (1986–89)
Midnight Patrol: Adventures in the Dream Zone (1990–91)
Paw Paws (1985–87)
Paddington Bear (1989–90)
The Pirates of Dark Water (1992–93)
Richie Rich (1988–92)
Skedaddl |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodore%202031 | The Commodore 2031 and Commodore 4031 are single-unit 5¼" floppy disk drives for Commodore International computers. They use a similar steel case form to the Commodore 9060/9090 hard disk drives, and use the parallel IEEE-488 interface common to Commodore PET/CBM computers. Essentially, both models are a single-drive version of the Commodore 2040/4040 units.
The Commodore 2031LP is functionally the same as the 2031, but used the lower-profile tan case of the second version of the Commodore 1540 floppy disk drive intended for home computer use.
These drive models use a single-density, single-side floppy data storage format similar to that used by the Commodore 1540 & Commodore 1541 drives, but with a slightly different data marker indicating which model originally formatted the disk. The low-level disk format is similar enough to allow reading between models, but different enough that one series of drive models cannot reliably write to disks formatted with one of the other model series. A difference of one extra 'header' byte is what causes this write incompatibility.
References
Further reading
Commodore Knowledge Base
CBM floppy disk drives |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan%20Blades | Joan Ellen Blades (born March 18, 1956 in Berkeley, California) is an American computer software entrepreneur, political activist, and author. In 1987, she and her husband Wes Boyd co-founded Berkeley Systems, a San Francisco Bay area software company that marketed the popular After Dark screensaver and the You Don't Know Jack trivia game. After selling Berkeley Systems in 1997 for $13.8 million, Blades and Boyd founded the liberal political group MoveOn.org.
Blades received her B.A. in History from UC Berkeley in 1977 and her J.D. from the Golden Gate University School of Law. She wrote the book Mediate Your Divorce (published by Prentice Hall), and co-wrote The Divorce Book. She was a member of the board and vice president of marketing at Berkeley Systems. Blades created many of the box designs for the early Berkeley Systems products such as Stepping Out and After Dark, based on her original collage art.
In 2006, Blades and Kristin Rowe-Finkbeiner co-authored The Motherhood Manifesto and co-founded the organization MomsRising.org, dedicated to "bringing millions of people, who all share a common concern about the need to build a more family-friendly America, together as a non-partisan force."
In 2010, Blades and Nanette Fondas co-authored The Custom-Fit Workplace, published by Wiley. A practical guide for making the workplace more profitable and a better fit for employees, the book describes work practices like flexible work, virtual work, high-commitment work, non-linear career paths and babies at work. MomsRising.org launched a companion to the book on Labor Day 2010 to encourage supporters of custom-fit work environments to join the conversation about transforming work culture.
In 2011, Blades co-founded Living Room Conversations in an effort to bring both sides of the political spectrum together to discuss individual issues in a comfortable environment. Based on six basic rules of discourse, Blades hosted a Living Room Conversation with Tea Party Patriots co-founder Mark Meckler and was featured in the SF Chronicle. This led to further work on criminal justice reform and the formation of the Coalition for Public Safety. Over 25 Living Room Conversations topics are available for public use, ranging from food to guns to voting and more; they are regularly featured on Huffington Post.
References
External links
Joan Blades at HuffPost
1956 births
Living people
American political activists
HuffPost writers and columnists
UC Berkeley College of Letters and Science alumni
Golden Gate University School of Law alumni
Businesspeople from Berkeley, California
20th-century American businesspeople
Activists from California |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurovision%20%28network%29 | Eurovision is a pan-European television telecommunications network owned and operated by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). It was founded in 1954 in Geneva, Switzerland, and its first official transmission took place on 6 June 1954. However, a year before the official launch, on 2 June 1953 the coronation of Elizabeth II was one of the first events to be broadcast across Europe.
Major television broadcasts are distributed live through the Eurovision network to EBU members. Members share breaking news footage through the daily Eurovision news exchange (EVN). They also exchange television programmes through the network.
The EBU department that operated the Eurovision network became a separate joint-stock company under Swiss law ( or ) in 2019, with the EBU as its sole shareholder.
In January 2023, Eurovision Services was sold to a German investment advisory company, DUBAG AG, based in Munich. The terms of the agreement were not published.
The EBU has also owned and operated a radio counterpart, Euroradio, since 1989.
Background
The name "Eurovision" was originally coined by British journalist George Campey when writing for the Evening Standard, and was adopted by the EBU for its network.
The first official Eurovision transmission took place on 6 June 1954. It broadcast the Narcissus Festival in Montreux, Switzerland, followed by an evening program from Rome, including a tour of the Vatican, an address from Pope Pius XII and an apostolic blessing. A year before the official launch, the Coronation of Elizabeth II was one of the first Eurovision broadcasts.
Eurovision was managed by the European Broadcasting Union’s Eurovision Operations Department and offered permanent coverage of Europe, the Americas, the Middle East, North Africa and the Asia-Pacific region, as well as ad-hoc coverage of the African continent and the Pacific Rim.
Not confined only to Europe, the EBU currently encompasses 75 television broadcasting organizations located in 56 countries of Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. Furthermore, there are 61 associated broadcasting organizations in Europe, Africa, America, Asia, and Oceania.
Events
The EBU in co-operation with the respective host broadcaster, organises competitions and events in which its members can participate, if they wish to do so. These include:
Eurovision Song Contest
The Eurovision Song Contest () is an annual international song competition that was first held in Lugano, Switzerland, on 24 May 1956. Seven countries participated – each submitting two songs, for a total of 14. This was the only contest in which more than one song per country was performed: since 1957 all contests have allowed one entry per country. The was won by the host nation, . In this competition, only countries that are members of the EBU can participate.
Let the Peoples Sing
Let the Peoples Sing is a biennial choir competition, the participants of which are chosen from radio recordings entered by EBU radio members. The |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric%20Ober | Eric Ober is an American broadcasting executive who served as president of CBS News from 1990 to 1996 and of Food Network from 1997 to 2000. Prior to serving as president of CBS news he was the news director at affiliate WBBM-TV in Chicago.
A native of Brooklyn, Eric Ober is a graduate of Yale University (B.A.) and Columbia University (M.A.).
His successor at CBS News was Andrew Heyward.
During the 2000s, Eric Ober has run a television production company in New York City while also serving as chairman of the board for Vault.com.
References
External links
1941 births
Living people
People from Brooklyn
American television executives
Yale University alumni
Columbia University alumni
CBS executives
Lafayette High School (New York City) alumni
Presidents of CBS News |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne%20tram%20route%2067 | Melbourne tram route 67 is operated by Yarra Trams on the Melbourne tram network from Melbourne University to Carnegie. The route is operated out of Glenhuntly depot with Z and B class trams.
History
Route 67 was first allocated to the line between Carnegie and the City (Swanston Street) on 1 November 1970, as part of a network-wide renumbering scheme. Prior to that, the line to Carnegie was serviced by route 4. When route numbers were first introduced to Melbourne's tram network, route 67 was allocated to the route between Point Ormond and Elsternwick. A number revision in 1938 led to route 67 being allocated between Balaclava Junction and St Kilda Beach via Dandenong Road and St Kilda Junction. Further changes on 1 August 1955 led to Route 67 becoming a shortworking for West Coburg services terminating in the City (William Street) rather than Domain Road. Trams traditionally terminated at the Victoria Street terminus, but following an accident in 1991, trams instead terminated at the Queensberry Street crossover. Due to congestion during peak hours at the crossover, some trams continued north to Melbourne University. Finally on 17 January 1996, a permanent shunt was built at Melbourne University. From then on, Route 67 trams were altered run full-time to Melbourne University.
The origins of route 67 lie in separate tram lines. The section of track between Queensberry Street (Stop 4) and Brunning Street (Stop 38) is the oldest section of this route, dating back to the Brighton Road cable tram which opened on 11 October 1888 by the Melbourne Tramway & Omnibus Company. This cable tram line was electrified in stages by the Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB). The section between Domain Interchange (Stop 20) and St Kilda Junction (Stop 30) was electrified on 27 December 1925. The section between Queensberry Street and City Road (near Stop 14) was electrified on the same day. The line between City Road and Domain Interchange was electrified on 24 January 1926. The Prahran & Malvern Tramways Trust opened the Glen Huntly Road line between Elsternwick (Stop 44) and Grange Road (Stop 62) on 13 November 1913. The MMTB extended this line to Carnegie on 19 December 1926. The section of track between Brunning Street and Glen Huntly Road (Stop 43) opened on 29 August 1926.
In December 1988 work began on duplicating the Truganini Road Road section of the line at Carnegie, the last single track section on the network. The work was completed in May 1989.
In January 2016, route 67 began operating through the night on Fridays and Saturdays as part of the Night Network.
Operation
Route 67 is operated out of Glenhuntly depot with Z and B class trams.
Route map
References
External links
067
067
1970 establishments in Australia
Transport in the City of Glen Eira
Transport in the City of Port Phillip |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-throughput | High-throughput may refer to:
High-throughput computing, a computer science concept
High-throughput screening, a bioinformatics concept
High-throughput biology, a cell biology concept
High-throughput sequencing, DNA sequencing
Measuring data throughput, a communications concept
See also
Throughput |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screen%20burn-in | Screen burn-in, image burn-in, ghost image, or shadow image, is a permanent discoloration of areas on an electronic display such as a cathode ray tube (CRT) in an old computer monitor or television set. It is caused by cumulative non-uniform use of the screen.
Newer liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) may suffer from a phenomenon called image persistence instead, which is not permanent.
One way to combat screen burn-in was the use of screensavers, which would move an image around to ensure that no one area of the screen remained illuminated for too long.
Causes
With phosphor-based electronic displays (for example CRT-type computer monitors, oscilloscope screens or plasma displays), non-uniform use of specific areas, such as prolonged display of non-moving images (text or graphics), repetitive contents in gaming graphics, or certain broadcasts with tickers and flags, can create a permanent ghost-like image of these objects or otherwise degrade image quality. This is because the phosphor compounds which emit light to produce images lose their luminance with use. This wear results in uneven light output over time, and in severe cases can create a ghost image of previous content. Even if ghost images are not recognizable, the effects of screen burn are an immediate and continual degradation of image quality.
The length of time required for noticeable screen burn to develop varies due to many factors, ranging from the quality of the phosphors employed, to the degree of non-uniformity of sub-pixel use. It can take as little as a few weeks for noticeable ghosting to set in, especially if the screen displays a certain image (example: a menu bar at the top or bottom of the screen) constantly and displays it continually over time. In the rare case when horizontal or vertical deflection circuits fail, all output energy is concentrated to a vertical or horizontal line on the display which causes almost instant screen burn.
CRT
Phosphor burn-in is particularly prevalent with monochromatic CRT screens, such as the amber or green monochrome monitors common on older computer systems and dumb terminal stations. This is partly because those screens displayed mostly non-moving images, and at one intensity: fully on. Yellow screens are more susceptible than either green or white screens because the yellow phosphor is less efficient and thus requires a higher beam current. Color screens, by contrast, use three separate phosphors (red, green, and blue), mixed in varying intensities to achieve specific colors, and in typical usage patterns such as "traditional" TV viewing (non-gaming, non-converged TV usage, non-Internet browsing, broadcasts without tickers or flags, no prolonged or permanent letterboxing) are used for operations where colors and on-screen object placement approach uniformity.
Modern CRT displays are less susceptible than older CRTs prior to the 1960s because they have a layer of aluminum behind the phosphor which offers some protection. The aluminu |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Cartridge%20Family | "The Cartridge Family" is the fifth episode of the ninth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on November 2, 1997. It was written by John Swartzwelder and directed by Pete Michels. In the episode, Homer purchases a gun to protect his family, of which Marge disapproves. Homer begins to show extremely careless gun usage, which causes Marge to leave him when she catches Bart using the gun without their permission. The episode was intended to show guns in a neutral way, and faced some problems with the censors because of the subject matter. Critical reaction was mostly positive.
Plot
A soccer riot breaks out in Springfield after a boring match between Mexico and Portugal. Fearing for her family's safety, Marge tells Homer to buy a Home Security System, but after learning it would cost $500, he buys a handgun instead. After a five-day waiting period per the Brady Act (after which he is deemed "Potentially Dangerous" but is permitted to own three handguns at most), Homer shows his firearm to Marge, who is horrified and demands he get rid of it. Homer brings her to a local National Rifle Association meeting hoping to change her mind, but she remains unconvinced.
After a near accident at the dinner table, Marge again begs Homer to get rid of the gun. He promises to, but later, Bart and Milhouse find it in the refrigerator's vegetable crisper. Marge discovers this and berates Homer, then leaves with the children and checks into a motel. That night, Homer hosts an NRA meeting at his house, but the other members kick him out of the association after seeing how recklessly he uses his pistol. Realizing what his behavior has cost him, Homer goes to the motel and tells Marge he got rid of the gun.
While leaving, Snake arrives to rob the desk clerk. Homer pulls out his gun and Marge is angry he lied again, but as he tries to apologize, Snake snatches the gun. The other NRA members arrive, but fail to prevent Snake escaping with the contents of the cash drawer. Homer then says he does not trust himself and asks Marge to throw the gun away herself. However, Marge sees a reflection of herself holding it in the trash can and decides to keep it for herself.
Production
This was the first episode to air which was executive produced by Mike Scully. Sam Simon pitched an episode for one of the first seasons which saw Homer getting a gun and nobody wanting him to have it. That episode would have concluded with Homer foiling a robbery and stating that although guns bring destruction, it worked for him. However, this episode was pitched by Scully for either season seven or eight, before being used for season nine. This provided the basic outline, and John Swartzwelder wrote the script. A lot of lines in the episode put guns in a positive light, as the staff felt that they could not just make an episode about how bad they were. Several of the staff, including Swartzwelder, are "pro gun |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsches%20Forschungsnetz | Deutsches Forschungsnetz ("German Research Network"), usually abbreviated to DFN, is the German national research and education network (NREN) used for academic and research purposes. It is managed by the scientific community organized in the voluntary Association to Promote a German Education and Research Network (Verein zur Förderung eines Deutschen Forschungsnetzes e.V.) which was founded in 1984 by universities, non-university research institutions and research-oriented companies to stimulate computerized communication in Germany.
DFN's "super core" backbone X-WiN network points of presence are - for example - based in Erlangen, Frankfurt, Hannover and Potsdam with more than 70 locations and can route up to 1TBit/s with over 10000 km of dedicated fibre connections.
Many connections to other networks such as GÉANT2 or DECIX are 100G-based and are implemented at the super core. Today connections up to 200GBit are possible.
Networks run by DFN e.V.
WiN is short for Wissenschaftsnetz ("science network").
WiN (1989–1998)
ERWIN (1990-1992)
B-WiN (1996-2001)
G-WiN (Gigabit-Wissenschaftsnetz) (2000-2005)
X-WiN (since 2006)
References
External links
Education in Germany
Internet in Germany
Internet mirror services
National research and education networks
Research institutes in Germany |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno%20Buchberger | Bruno Buchberger (born 22 October 1942) is Professor of Computer Mathematics at Johannes Kepler University in Linz, Austria. In his 1965 Ph.D. thesis, he created the theory of Gröbner bases, and has developed this theory throughout his career. He named these objects after his advisor Wolfgang Gröbner. Since 1995, he has been active in the Theorema project at the University of Linz.
Career
In 1987 Buchberger founded and chaired the Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC) at Johannes Kepler University. In 1985 he started the Journal of Symbolic Computation, which has now become the premier publication in the field of computer algebra.
Buchberger also conceived Softwarepark Hagenberg in 1989 and since then has been directing the expansion of this Austrian technology park for software.
In 2014 he became a member of the Global Digital Mathematical Library Working Group of the IMU.
Awards
Wilhelm Exner Medal (1995).
Paris Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award (2007). For theory of Gröbner bases.
Golden Medal of Honor by the Upper Austrian Government
Honorary doctorates from the Universities of Nijmegen (1993), Timișoara (2000), Bath (2005), Waterloo (2011), and Innsbruck (2012).
Herbrand Award for Distinguished Contributions to Automated Reasoning (2018)
See also
Buchberger's algorithm
Gröbner bases
References
Sources
External links
Buchberger's university website
RISC website
1942 births
20th-century Austrian mathematicians
21st-century Austrian mathematicians
Living people
Scientists from Innsbruck
Academic staff of Johannes Kepler University Linz |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mentat%20%28computing%29 | Mentat is a macro-dataflow extension of the C++ programming language. It was developed at the University of Virginia computer science Department by a research group led by Andrew Grimshaw. The combination of the ideas needed to implement the Mentat run-time with the ideas in Carnegie Mellon University's Hydra distributed operating system led to the Legion distributed OS.
External links
Mentat home page
C++
University of Virginia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham%20Lempel | Abraham Lempel (; 10 February 1936 – 4 February 2023) was an Israeli computer scientist and one of the fathers of the LZ family of lossless data compression algorithms.
Biography
Lempel was born on 10 February 1936 in Lwów, Poland (now Lviv, Ukraine). He studied at Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, and received a B.Sc. in 1963, an M.Sc. in 1965, and a D.Sc. in 1967. Since 1977 he held the title of full professor, and was a professor emeritus at Technion.
His historically-important works start with the presentation of the LZ77 algorithm in a paper entitled "A Universal Algorithm for Sequential Data Compression" in the IEEE Transactions on Information Theory (May 1977), co-authored by Jacob Ziv.
Lempel was the recipient of the 1998 Golden Jubilee Award for Technological Innovation from the IEEE Information Theory Society; and the 2007 IEEE Richard W. Hamming Medal for "pioneering work in data compression, especially the Lempel-Ziv algorithm".
Lempel founded HP Labs—Israel in 1994, and served as its director until October 2007.
Lempel died on 4 February 2023, one week before his 87th birthday.
Works
The LZ77 and LZ78 algorithms authored by Lempel and Jacob Ziv have led to a number of derivative works, including the Lempel–Ziv–Welch algorithm, used in the GIF image format, and the Lempel-Ziv-Markov chain algorithm, used in the 7-Zip and xz compressors. The algorithms have also been used as originally published in formats such as DEFLATE, used in the PNG image format.
Bibliography
See also
Timeline of algorithms
Data compression
Oblivious transfer
References
External links
Abraham Lempel – GHN: IEEE Global History Network
Technion: Computer Science Department: Prof. Abraham Lempel
1936 births
2023 deaths
Israeli computer scientists
Modern cryptographers
Israeli information theorists
Academic staff of Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
Members of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts
Jewish scientists
Scientists from Lviv
Israeli Jews
Israeli people of Polish-Jewish descent
Polish emigrants to Israel |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A9home | The A9home was a niche small-form-factor desktop computer running RISC OS Adjust32. It was officially unveiled at the 2005 Wakefield Show, and is the second commercial ARM-based RISC OS computer to run a 32-bit version of RISC OS. When the Iyonix PC was withdrawn from sale, the A9home remained the only hardware to be manufactured specifically for the marketplace.
Details
The A9home was smaller than the Mac Mini and housed in cobalt-blue aluminium casing, measuring × × in size. The machine runs on a Samsung ARM9 processor, has 128 MB SDRAM of main memory and VRAM and houses an internal hard disk of . On the front, it features two ports, a microphone and a headphones socket. On the rear, it has two ports, two PS/2 ports, 10/100 BaseT network port, a RS-232 serial port and a power connection socket. Like the Mac mini, it is powered by an external PSU (, ). Furthermore, it has a power/reset switch, a status/health indicator and a drive activity indicator LED. The A9home is not designed to be internally expanded.
The A9home could use a program called Aemulor to emulate older 26-bit applications. This was originally developed for Castle's Iyonix PC.
In April 2006, Advantage Six Ltd announced that they were focussing on connectivity in the run-up to that year's Wakefield Show. At the show, they demonstrated integrated Bluetooth. Although the A9home was officially released for purchase by end users, its custom version of remained unfinished. , RISCOS Ltd closed after failing to release any information in 2012 about when or if the OS will become feature complete.
History
In 2004, RISCOS Ltd privately began work on a version of RISC OS that supported 32-bit addressing modes found on later ARM architectures, RISC OS Adjust (Adjust 32), which is compatible with current ARM processors and designed for both embedded and desktop forms. The first, and so far only, machine to make use of the 32-bit version of the OS is the Advantage6 A9home. It was released in May 2006 after a 12-month Beta testing process, although the current build of Adjust 32, namely RISC OS 4.42, is a prerelease and no final version of the OS has yet been released. It was intended to be the first in a series of machines, with others running Linux.
Both 26- and 32-bit builds of new RISC OS 4 releases can now be compiled from the same source code, but will have to be modified to run on each individual machine supported, as the OS has no HAL at present. Instead it has a hardware-abstracted kernel, which allows specific code to be substituted for each platform supported.
Other configurations
The A9home was the retail version of the A9, for OEM customers was the A9 also available in a half-width single rack unit (1U) rack mountable ruggedised case, "A9RM" and as a wall/bulkhead-mountable unit with integral TFT touchscreen, GPS and GSM/GPRS, "A9Loc". These were marketed from about 2004 through 2009.
References
External links
About The A9home
Advantage six reveal A9Home to |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian%20Kenny%20%28sportscaster%29 | Brian Kenny (born October 18, 1963) is a studio host for MLB Network and a boxing play-by-play announcer for Fox Sports and DAZN. The television face of Sabermetrics and baseball analytics, he is the host of the weekday program MLB Now, known as “the show for the thinking fan". He previously worked for ESPN, where he won three Emmys, and had his own show on ESPN Radio named The Brian Kenny Show. He is also the host of the Baseball Hall of Fame Induction Ceremonies in Cooperstown, New York.
Broadcasting career
Kenny graduated magna cum laude from New York Institute of Technology in Old Westbury, New York in 1985. He also attended St. John's University from 1981-1982. In college, Kenny began his broadcasting career as a reporter for "LI News Tonight," New York Tech’s long-time daily news program. In May 1985, he joined WLIG, TV 55 Long Island as a reporter. He was named the station’s Sports Director in September in 1985, beginning his sportscasting career. In August 1986, Kenny was named Sports Director at WTZA-TV (later WRNN-TV) in Kingston, NY. He hosted a late-evening talk show “Sports Line Live,” and called play-by-play for Marist Red Foxes men's basketball and Hudson Valley Renegades minor league baseball. He would remain at the station until 1997, winning 11 New York State Broadcasters Awards and 6 Associated Press Awards for his coverage of local sports.
ESPN
After joining ESPN in 1997, Kenny anchored the 6:00 pm SportsCenter, and was the host of Friday Night Fights on ESPN2. On Friday Night Fights, he was known for his heated debates with some of the best boxers in the world, particularly Floyd Mayweather. He also hosted Baseball Tonight,The Hot List on ESPNEWS, plus "Classic Ringside" and The Top 5 Reasons You Can't Blame... on ESPN Classic.
In 2005, he hosted a special series called Ringside. It runs three to six hours long an episode and featured on each episode one great boxer.
Kenny appears as himself in the 2006 film Rocky Balboa and in the 2007 film Resurrecting the Champ, and also served with fellow ESPN personality John Saunders as the "announcing team" for a home demolition during an episode of Extreme Makeover: Home Edition that aired on November 2, 2008. (The episode involved a project in which the Extreme Makeover team built a new home and gym for a family that operated a youth boxing gym in Geneva, New York).
Prior to hosting The Brian Kenny Show on ESPN Radio, he co-hosted Kellerman and Kenny with Max Kellerman on ESPN Radio in New York City.
MLB Network
Kenny announced on the August 31, 2011 edition of The Brian Kenny Show that he was leaving ESPN to become an anchor with MLB Network. His final show was on September 2, 2011, with the 6:00 p.m. edition of SportsCenter alongside Jonathan Coachman. Kenny made his debut on MLB Tonight on September 19, 2011.
Since 2013, Kenny has been the host of MLB Now on MLB Network. Kenny also appears on MLB Network's flagship program "MLB Tonight", the offseason countdown series " |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave%20Revsine | Dave Revsine (born July 20, 1969 in Urbana, Illinois), is an American sportscaster, and sports columnist and journalist who currently serves as the lead studio host for the Big Ten Network. Previously, he was a journalist at ESPN anchoring on SportsCenter and ESPNEWS, along with play-by-play on select college basketball games.
Biography
Revsine attended Glenbrook North High School and graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Northwestern University in 1991. While at Northwestern, Revsine was heavily involved in broadcasting and became a sportscaster on WNUR Radio. Awarded a Rotary Ambassadorial Scholarship, Revsine lived abroad for a year after college. As a Rotary Scholar he attended Trinity College, Dublin and played on the school's basketball team.
Prior to becoming a sports journalist, Revsine was an investment banker at Chase Manhattan Bank in New York City. He worked there for one year prior to landing a job on TV as a sports anchor and reporter at KXII-TV in Sherman, Texas. Shortly after, he worked in the Quad Cities for CBS affiliate WHBF-TV before being hired by ESPN in 1996.
ESPN
In his 10 years at ESPN, Revsine covered a wide range of programs including SportsCenter, College GameNight, NFL Live, NHL2Night and Outside the Lines. He also did play-by-play for roughly 25 college basketball games each year on ESPN and ESPN2.
Big Ten Network
In May, 2007, he announced his departure from ESPN to join the Big Ten Network as their lead studio host. Revsine officially left the network in late June of that year.
His words were the first ever on the Big Ten Network:
“Eleven schools, 252 varsity teams, one great network to cover it all. Welcome to the Big Ten Network, your ultimate source for Big Ten sports, featuring the games, passion and tradition of the nation’s foremost athletic conference.” – August 30, 2007
Currently, Revsine hosts Big Ten Tonight and Big Ten Football Saturday on the Big Ten Network as well as the NFL Mobile Gamecenter on Sprint Exclusive Entertainment. Revsine is also the author of the Numbers blog on BigTenNetwork.com and is featured on Comcast.net College Hoopla at win.comcast.net.
Author
In 2014, Revsine's first book, "The Opening Kickoff: The Tumultuous Birth of a Football Nation", was released. It has received widespread critical acclaim, and made both The New York Times and Boston Globe Best-Seller lists.
References
External links
Dave Revsine bio and interview at Big Ten Network site
Dave Revsine, BTN studio host anchor at Twitter
1969 births
Writers from Urbana, Illinois
Living people
American radio sports announcers
American television sports announcers
Northwestern University alumni
College basketball announcers in the United States
College football announcers
Association football commentators |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bliss%20%28virus%29 | Bliss is a computer virus, introduced in 1997, which aims to infect Linux systems. When executed, it attempts to attach itself to Linux executable files, to which regular users do not have access. In the case of the alpha version, this prevents the executables from running, so users notice it immediately. Although it was probably intended to prove that Linux can be infected, it does not propagate very effectively because of the structure of Linux's user privilege system. The Bliss virus never became widespread, and remains chiefly a research curiosity. After the Staog virus it is the second known Linux virus.
When the Bliss virus was released, antivirus software vendors and Linux distributions released security advisories to notify users of the potential risks.
Debian still lists itself as vulnerable to the Bliss virus. However, due to the requirement for infection to occur under the root user, the risk is listed as minimal.
See also
Linux malware
References
External links
Bliss, a Linux "virus"
Linux viruses |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Pidto | Bill Pidto (born April 20, 1965) is a former radio personality on Mad Dog Radio on the show The B-Team and is currently an anchor for MSG Network's coverage of New York Rangers road games and select New York Knicks games. He was formerly a journalist for ESPN from 1993 to 2008. He was often seen as one of the anchors for ESPNews.
Early years
A native of Palo Alto, California, Pidto was a 1987 graduate of Cornell University where he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in psychology. At Cornell he began his broadcasting career as a sports anchor and reporter for WVBR, a radio station in Ithaca, New York. He was also a member of the Delta Chi fraternity.
Career
Pidto spent the following two years as the Sports director at WBNG-TV, located in Binghamton, New York. In 1989, he left WBNG for a sports anchor job at WSTM-TV in Syracuse, though he spent only a year at this station before moving on to the short-lived Sports News Network in 1990. He broke in with ESPN as a field producer for the network's Scholastic Sports America, program for two years. In 1992, he also spent time as a sports anchor for New England Cable News.
When ESPN2 was launched in 1993, Pidto was hired to anchor the program SportsSmash, and hosted NHL 2Night when it debuted in 1995. That same year, Pidto also joined NFL Primetime. During his tenure at ESPN he has also served as an anchor for Baseball Tonight. Prior to his work at ESPN, he worked at the Sports News Network.
On coverage of the New York Knicks, Pidto served anchor duties when either Al Trautwig was unavailable for a home game or when the Knicks were on the road (when the Rangers or Knicks are at home, Al Trautwig does the pre-game and halftime/intermission reports from the Geico Studio Suite on the 7th floor of MSG). When both the Knicks and Rangers are playing, Bill Pidto routinely did the pre-game, post-game, and intermission reports for the New York Rangers.
Pidto is also one of the hosts for NHL Live on NHL Network.
See also
List of ESPN personalities
List of ESPNews personalities
References
1965 births
Living people
American television sports announcers
Television anchors from Boston
ESPN people
Cornell University alumni
Major League Baseball broadcasters
MSG Network people
National Hockey League broadcasters
Television anchors from New York City
Palo Alto High School alumni
New York Knicks announcers
New York Rangers announcers
National Basketball Association broadcasters |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weatherscan | Weatherscan was an American digital cable and satellite television network owned by Allen Media Group. A spinoff of The Weather Channel, Weatherscan featured uninterrupted local weather information in graphical format on a continuous loop that was generated by an IntelliStar unit installed at the cable provider's headend; unlike The Weather Channel, Weatherscan did not feature on-air talent of any kind.
History
The channel launched on March 31, 1999, as Weatherscan Local. Originally, Weatherscan operated five collective services for local weather information: Weatherscan Local featured animated weather information with a complete local weather segment every two minutes; Weatherscan Radar featured a continuous Doppler radar loop, along with severe weather advisories when warranted; Weatherscan Plus (debuted April 30, 1999) featured activity-specific forecasts for golf, skiing, boating, beachgoing, and business and leisure travel; Weatherscan Plus Traffic (May 31, 1999) featured the same format as Weatherscan Plus with the inclusion of traffic information; Weatherscan Español, which launched with Weatherscan Plus Traffic, was a Spanish-language version of Weatherscan Plus allowing regional or international weather information.
The IntelliStar unit used by Weatherscan was configured differently from that used by The Weather Channel, featuring different graphics and additional forecast products, with information running on a continuous basis. Vocal Local, a pre-recorded narration function installed in the IntelliStar system—which utilizes a different narration track than that used on The Weather Channel's Local on the 8s forecast segments, featuring a female announcer—introduces several of the segments.
At its prime, Weatherscan was available in many major markets around the United States, though its availability was not as widespread as that of parent network The Weather Channel. Many cable providers offered Weatherscan on their digital tiers, although a few providers carry Weatherscan on their basic tier (where The Weather Channel is also offered). In 2011, Dish Network became the first satellite provider to add Weatherscan. Most cable providers that carried the channel had it identified as "Local weather" on their interactive channel guides (Weatherscan was also classified on TV Guide Channel as "Local weather" and/or under various abbreviations of such).
Verizon FiOS dropped Weatherscan, along with parent network The Weather Channel, from its lineup at 12:00 a.m. on March 10, 2015 after the two parties were unable to come to terms on a new carriage agreement. The service has been replaced by the local WeatherBug "widget" in some markets. No public announcement was made regarding this issue until over 12 hours after the discontinuation. Verizon said its reason for dropping the services was because many customers turn to the internet and mobile apps for weather any time of day.
While the domestic IntelliStars were decommissioned and replaced |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teletext | Teletext, or broadcast teletext, is a standard for displaying text and rudimentary graphics on suitably equipped television sets. Teletext sends data in the broadcast signal, hidden in the invisible vertical blanking interval area at the top and bottom of the screen. The teletext decoder in the television buffers this information as a series of "pages", each given a number. The user can display chosen pages using their remote control.
In broad terms, it can be considered as Videotex, a system for the delivery of information to a user in a computer-like format, typically displayed on a television or a dumb terminal, but that designation is usually reserved for systems that provide bi-directional communication, such as Prestel or Minitel.
Teletext was created in the United Kingdom in the early 1970s by John Adams, Philips' lead designer for video display units. Public teletext information services were introduced by major broadcasters in the UK, starting with the BBC's Ceefax service in 1974. It offered a range of text-based information, typically including news, weather and TV schedules. Also, paged subtitle (or closed captioning) information was transmitted using the same system. Similar systems were subsequently introduced by other television broadcasters in the UK and mainland Europe in the following years. Meanwhile, the UK's General Post Office introduced the Prestel system using the same display standards but run over telephone lines using bi-directional modems rather than the send-only system used with televisions.
Teletext formed the basis for the World System Teletext standard (CCIR Teletext System B), an extended version of the original system. This standard saw widespread use across Europe starting in the 1980s, with almost all televisions sets including a decoder. Other standards were developed around the world, notably NABTS (CCIR Teletext System C) in the United States, Antiope (CCIR Teletext System A) in France and JTES (CCIR Teletext System D) in Japan, but these were never as popular as their European counterpart and most closed by the early 1990s.
Most European teletext services continued to exist in one form or another until well into the 2000s when the expansion of the Internet precipitated a closure of some of them. However, many European television stations continue to provide teletext services and even make teletext content available via web and dedicated apps.
The recent availability of digital television has led to more advanced systems being provided that perform the same task, such as MHEG-5 in the UK, and Multimedia Home Platform.
History
Teletext is a means of sending text and simple geometric shapes to a properly equipped television screen by use of one of the "vertical blanking interval" lines that together form the dark band dividing pictures horizontally on the television screen. Transmitting and displaying subtitles was relatively easy. It requires limited bandwidth; at a rate of perhaps a few words per s |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broyden%E2%80%93Fletcher%E2%80%93Goldfarb%E2%80%93Shanno%20algorithm | In numerical optimization, the Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno (BFGS) algorithm is an iterative method for solving unconstrained nonlinear optimization problems. Like the related Davidon–Fletcher–Powell method, BFGS determines the descent direction by preconditioning the gradient with curvature information. It does so by gradually improving an approximation to the Hessian matrix of the loss function, obtained only from gradient evaluations (or approximate gradient evaluations) via a generalized secant method.
Since the updates of the BFGS curvature matrix do not require matrix inversion, its computational complexity is only , compared to in Newton's method. Also in common use is L-BFGS, which is a limited-memory version of BFGS that is particularly suited to problems with very large numbers of variables (e.g., >1000). The BFGS-B variant handles simple box constraints.
The algorithm is named after Charles George Broyden, Roger Fletcher, Donald Goldfarb and David Shanno.
Rationale
The optimization problem is to minimize , where is a vector in , and is a differentiable scalar function. There are no constraints on the values that can take.
The algorithm begins at an initial estimate for the optimal value and proceeds iteratively to get a better estimate at each stage.
The search direction pk at stage k is given by the solution of the analogue of the Newton equation:
where is an approximation to the Hessian matrix at , which is updated iteratively at each stage, and is the gradient of the function evaluated at xk. A line search in the direction pk is then used to find the next point xk+1 by minimizing over the scalar
The quasi-Newton condition imposed on the update of is
Let and , then satisfies
,
which is the secant equation.
The curvature condition should be satisfied for to be positive definite, which can be verified by pre-multiplying the secant equation with . If the function is not strongly convex, then the condition has to be enforced explicitly e.g. by finding a point xk+1 satisfying the Wolfe conditions, which entail the curvature condition, using line search.
Instead of requiring the full Hessian matrix at the point to be computed as , the approximate Hessian at stage k is updated by the addition of two matrices:
Both and are symmetric rank-one matrices, but their sum is a rank-two update matrix. BFGS and DFP updating matrix both differ from its predecessor by a rank-two matrix. Another simpler rank-one method is known as symmetric rank-one method, which does not guarantee the positive definiteness. In order to maintain the symmetry and positive definiteness of , the update form can be chosen as . Imposing the secant condition, . Choosing and , we can obtain:
Finally, we substitute and into and get the update equation of :
Algorithm
From an initial guess and an approximate Hessian matrix the following steps are repeated as converges to the solution:
Obtain a direction by solving .
Perform a o |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naming%20convention%20%28programming%29 | In computer programming, a naming convention is a set of rules for choosing the character sequence to be used for identifiers which denote variables, types, functions, and other entities in source code and documentation.
Reasons for using a naming convention (as opposed to allowing programmers to choose any character sequence) include the following:
To reduce the effort needed to read and understand source code;
To enable code reviews to focus on issues more important than syntax and naming standards.
To enable code quality review tools to focus their reporting mainly on significant issues other than syntax and style preferences.
The choice of naming conventions can be a controversial issue, with partisans of each holding theirs to be the best and others to be inferior. Colloquially, this is said to be a matter of dogma. Many companies have also established their own set of conventions.
Potential benefits
Benefits of a naming convention can include the following:
to provide additional information (i.e., metadata) about the use to which an identifier is put;
to help formalize expectations and promote consistency within a development team;
to enable the use of automated refactoring or search and replace tools with minimal potential for error;
to enhance clarity in cases of potential ambiguity;
to enhance the aesthetic and professional appearance of work product (for example, by disallowing overly long names, comical or "cute" names, or abbreviations);
to help avoid "naming collisions" that might occur when the work product of different organizations is combined (see also: namespaces);
to provide meaningful data to be used in project handovers which require submission of program source code and all relevant documentation;
to provide better understanding in case of code reuse after a long interval of time.
Challenges
The choice of naming conventions (and the extent to which they are enforced) is often a contentious issue, with partisans holding their viewpoint to be the best and others to be inferior. Moreover, even with known and well-defined naming conventions in place, some organizations may fail to consistently adhere to them, causing inconsistency and confusion. These challenges may be exacerbated if the naming convention rules are internally inconsistent, arbitrary, difficult to remember, or otherwise perceived as more burdensome than beneficial.
Readability
Well-chosen identifiers make it significantly easier for developers and analysts to understand what the system is doing and how to fix or extend the source code to apply for new needs.
For example, although
a = b * c;
is syntactically correct, its purpose is not evident. Contrast this with:
weekly_pay = hours_worked * hourly_pay_rate;
which implies the intent and meaning of the source code, at least to those familiar with the context of the statement.
Experiments suggest that identifier style affects recall and precision and that familiarity with a style speeds r |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authentication%20server | An authentication server provides a network service that applications use to authenticate the credentials, usually account names and passwords, of their users. When a client submits a valid set of credentials, it receives a cryptographic ticket that it can subsequently use to access various services.
Authentication is used as the basis for authorization, which is the determination whether a privilege may be granted to a particular user or process, privacy, which keeps information from becoming known to non-participants, and non-repudiation, which is the inability to deny having done something that was authorized to be done based on the authentication.
Major authentication algorithms include passwords, Kerberos, and public key encryption.
See also
TACACS+
RADIUS
Multi-factor authentication
Universal 2nd Factor
References
External links
"Server authentication". www.ibm.com. Retrieved 2023-09-05.
Computer network security
Servers (computing) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speakable%20items | Speakable items is part of the speech recognition feature in the classic Mac OS and macOS operating systems. It allows the user to control their computer with natural speech, without having to train the computer beforehand. The commands must be present in the Speakable items folder though but can be created with something as simple as a shortcut, AppleScript, keyboard command, or Automator workflows.
History
Speakable items was first introduced as part of Apple's speech recognition software PlainTalk in 1993. Originally available only on Quadra AV models, it was later integrated with the System 7.1.2 release of the Macintosh system software.
With the release of Mac OS X v10.4 it was featured as #12 on their list of features. In OS X Mountain Lion, Speakable Items has been relocated to the Accessibility panel in System Preferences.
Automation
Mac OS X v10.4 added Automator workflows which can also be used as Speakable items.
If a workflow is saved as an application and put in the Speakable items folder it becomes available to the speech recognition software. The words the computer will recognize to execute the command will be the name of the saved Automator application. Some words might have to be misspelt for the computer to know the proper pronunciation. (For example, the computer best recognizes "Les Misérables" as Lay Mizzer Ob).
Because Automator is made to comply with AppleScript applications only, most third party or non AppleScript applications, such as Limewire or Final Cut Studio apps will not work with speakable items, unless you configure commands only with "define a keyboard command": in which you'll just select "this application only" after making a keyboard command.
Problems
While Speakable Items is useful, as well as innovative, recognition gets hard and distorted some times.
In Macs without dual beamforming microphones (pre-2012), background noise interferes with recognition, and limits the usefulness of the "listening continuously" option.
Sometimes the pronunciation the computer understands varies from the proper pronunciation. This usually happens with custom commands.
The Speakable items folder also has the abilities to open applications that are blocked by Parental Controls without an administrators permission. This is achieved by copying and application and placing within the folder and opening it from there. However this does not bypass applications from an unidentified developer, if the Applications Downloaded From: App Store or App Store and Identified Developers setting is checked.
See also
Speech recognition
List of speech recognition software
References
External links
Mac OS X: Speech - How to add items to Speakable Items
OS X Mountain Lion: Create spoken commands
MacOS
mr:स्पीकेबल आयटेम्स |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Env | env is a shell command for Unix and Unix-like operating systems. It is used to either print a list of environment variables or run another utility in an altered environment without having to modify the currently existing environment. Using env, variables may be added or removed, and existing variables may be changed by assigning new values to them.
In practice, env has another common use. It is often used by shell scripts to launch the correct interpreter. In this usage, the environment is typically not changed.
History
The version of env bundled in GNU coreutils was written by Richard Mlynarik, David MacKenzie, and Assaf Gordon. It first appeared in 4.4BSD, and is a part of POSIX.1 (with the option only).
GNU's has been extended to handle signals and the current directory. FreeBSD's supports a custom search path. Extensions found in both versions include , for unsetting variables, and , for splitting arguments (mainly in shebang).
Examples
To print out the set of current environment variables:
env
To create a new environment without any existing environment variables for a new shell:
env -i /bin/sh
To execute the X application xcalc and have it appear on a different display (i.e., with a modified environment whether the specified environment variable is replaced with the new value):
env DISPLAY=foo.bar:1.0 xcalc
Note that this use of env is often unnecessary since most shells support setting environment variables in front of a command:
DISPLAY=foo.bar:1.0 xcalc
env may also be used in the hashbang line of a script to allow the interpreter to be looked up via the PATH. For example, here is the code of a Python script:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
print("Hello, World!")
In this example, /usr/bin/env is the full path of the env command. The environment is not altered.
Note that it is possible to specify the interpreter without using env, by giving the full path of the python interpreter. A problem with that approach is that on different computer systems, the exact path may be different. By instead using env as in the example, the interpreter is searched for and located at the time the script is run (more precisely, env does a system call to execvp, which does the job of locating the interpreter and launching it). This makes the script more portable, but also increases the risk that the wrong interpreter is selected because it searches for a match in every directory on the executable search path. It also suffers from the same problem in that the path to the env binary may also be different on a per-machine basis.
See also
set
References
External links
env—manual page from GNU coreutils.
Standard Unix programs
Unix SUS2008 utilities
Inferno (operating system) commands
IBM i Qshell commands
Environment variables |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern%20Sydney%20Freight%20Line | The Southern Sydney Freight Line (SSFL) is a freight only railway line in the south-western suburbs of Sydney, Australia. The line was built to segregate freight trains from the Sydney Trains network. It forms part of a dedicated freight only corridor between Port Botany and Macarthur. The line is managed by the Australian Rail Track Corporation.
Route
The SSFL runs from Chullora to Macarthur. It is an unelectrified, bi-directional single track with 1,800 metre long passing loops at Leightonfield and Glenfield. Apart from its end points, the SSFL has no interface with the Transport Asset Holding Entity network.
The line commences at Chullora connecting with the Metropolitan Goods line from Port Botany, passing beneath the Bankstown line from where it parallels the Main South line. Just to the north of Glenfield, the line crosses to the west of the Main South line via a flyover. It joins the Main South line to the south of Macarthur station.
History
Delays to freight services operating to and from Sydney via the Main South line had long been a problem, but it wasn't until the formation of the National Rail Corporation that any plan was devised to resolve it.
In February 1992, the Federal Government allocated $71 million for the construction of a dedicated freight line from Chullora to Macarthur as part of the One Nation infrastructure project. It soon became apparent that to complete the project would cost in the region of $250 million. Instead the funding was used to complete a number of smaller projects, including building a 6.6 kilometre relief line between Glenfield and Ingleburn. This single, non-electrified line was used by both CountryLink passenger and freight services.
Construction
In May 2006, the Australian Rail Track Corporation (ARTC) revived the project. Approval was obtained in October 2008 and construction commenced in early 2009, focusing on the section between Sefton and Cabramatta. By August 2009 construction was under way along the whole corridor. In November 2009, poor planning led to the ARTC suspending the project for 10 months while it relocated utilities.
In September 2010, the ARTC announced the resumption of the project. On 24 June 2012, the Chullora to Leightonfield section opened allowing the connection from the BHP yard at the latter to the RailCorp network to be severed. The rest of the line opened on 21 January 2013.
In 2019, a triangular junction to the Moorebank Intermodal Terminal opened.
Station works
The construction of the new line required modifications to several stations along the route. Sefton, Warwick Farm, Casula and Minto received upgrades. A new concourse was constructed at Cabramatta and the footbridge was extended at Leumeah.
Services
The line is normally only used by freight services, but during engineering possessions on the adjacent Transport Asset Holding Entity tracks, NSW TrainLink XPT services have travelled on it. Freight trains travelling to the Minto Intermodal Terminal continue t |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celerity | Celerity, or celeritas (Latin), may refer to:
Speed, quickness
Science and technology
Speed of light, celeritas
Celerity BBS, a computer bulletin board system popular in the 1990s
Celerity Computing Inc., defunct San Diego, California vendor
Celerity IT, a Virginia-based web development consulting group
Phase velocity, speed of propagation of a wave
Proper velocity, an alternative way of measuring motion in relativity
Transport
USS Celeritas (SP-665), a United States Navy patrol vessel
Mirage Celerity, an American two-seat cabin monoplane
Celerity (carriage)
Sport
FC Celeritas Straßburg
Feyenoord, a Dutch football club in Rotterdam, known as Celeritas 1909–1912
Celeritas, a Dutch football club in Kampen, active in 1893; see
Celeritas, a Dutch football club in Rotterdam, active in 1901; see
See also
Celery
Celebrity
Celer (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loop%20inversion | In computer science, loop inversion is a compiler optimization and loop transformation in which a while loop is replaced by an if block containing a do..while loop. When used correctly, it may improve performance due to instruction pipelining.
Example in C
int i, a[100];
i = 0;
while (i < 100) {
a[i] = 0;
i++;
}
is equivalent to:
int i, a[100];
i = 0;
if (i < 100) {
do {
a[i] = 0;
i++;
} while (i < 100);
}
Despite the seemingly greater complexity of the second example, it may actually run faster on modern CPUs because they use an instruction pipeline. By nature, any jump in the code causes a pipeline stall, which is a detriment to performance.
Additionally, loop inversion allows safe loop-invariant code motion.
Example in three-address code
i := 0
L1: if i >= 100 goto L2
a[i] := 0
i := i + 1
goto L1
L2:
If i had been initialized at 100, the instructions executed at runtime would have been:
if i >= 100
goto L2
Let us assume that i had been initialized to some value less than 100. Now let us look at the instructions executed at the moment after i has been incremented to 99 in the loop:
goto L1
if i < 100
a[i] := 0
i := i + 1
goto L1
if i >= 100
goto L2
<<at L2>>
Now, let's look at the optimized version:
i := 0
if i >= 100 goto L2
L1: a[i] := 0
i := i + 1
if i < 100 goto L1
L2:
Again, let's look at the instructions executed if i is initialized to 100:
if i >= 100
goto L2
We didn't waste any cycles compared to the original version. Now consider the case where i has been incremented to 99:
if i < 100
goto L1
a[i] := 0
i := i + 1
if i < 100
<<at L2>>
As you can see, two gotos (and thus, two pipeline stalls) have been eliminated in the execution.
Compiler optimizations |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appaloosa%20Interactive | Appaloosa Interactive (formerly Novotrade International) was a corporation, founded in 1982 in Hungary, that produced video games, computer programs and television commercials during the 1980s and 1990s.
History
Andras Csaszar and Stephen J. Friedman founded Novotrade International. Csaszar served as the company's president, while Friedman served as chief executive officer. Novotrade began operating branches in the United States in 1989, and was renamed Appaloosa Interactive (after the horse breed of the same name) in November 1996. That month, the company unveiled its 10-month-old Internet technologies division, Appaloosa Online. The company's headquarters were in Mountain View, California. Appaloosa was the parent company and owner of two software development companies in Budapest, Hungary. Appaloosa was known for its Ecco the Dolphin game series for Sega. Appaloosa also developed two Contra games on the PlayStation and Sega Saturn for Konami.
Appaloosa had 100 employees as of January 2001 and had produced over 150 video games up to that point, many of which were released in Europe. At that time, Friedman said, "In all the years we have been in business, we have only failed to complete a project because of our own inability once or twice." Appaloosa's final game was Jaws Unleashed, released in 2006, and based on the Jaws series of films. The company ceased operations in 2006.
Games
The Adventures of Batman and Robin (Game Gear)
Alternative World Games
Around The World In 80 Days
California Games (Mega Drive/Genesis)
California Pro Golf
Castlevania (Amiga)
Catch a Thief
Circus Games
Contra: Legacy of War (PlayStation, Sega Saturn)
The Contra Adventure (PlayStation)
Cyborg Justice (Mega Drive/Genesis)
Ecco the Dolphin (Mega Drive/Genesis, Mega CD/Sega CD, Master System, Game Gear)
Ecco: The Tides of Time (Mega Drive/Genesis, Mega CD/Sega CD, Game Gear)
Ecco Jr. (Mega Drive/Genesis)
Ecco the Dolphin: Defender of the Future (Dreamcast, PlayStation 2)
Exosquad (Mega Drive/Genesis)
Galaxy Force II (Sega Saturn)
Garfield: Caught in the Act (Game Gear)
Golf Construction Set
Grossology
Holyfield Boxing
How Things Work in Busytown
Impossible Mission II (Amiga, Amstrad CPC, Apple II, Atari ST, Commodore 64, PC MS-DOS, ZX Spectrum, NES)
The Jungle Book
Jaws Unleashed (PlayStation 2, Xbox, PC Windows)
Karateka
King's Quest V: Absence Makes the Heart Go Yonder! (NES)
Kolibri (32X)
The Magic School Bus: Space Exploration Game (Mega Drive/Genesis)
Museum Madness
Peter Pan: A Story Painting Adventure (MS-DOS)
Power Rangers Jigsaw Puzzles
Power Rangers PowerActive Math
Power Rangers PowerActive Words
Power Rangers Print Kit
R.B.I. Baseball 2
Richard Scarry's Busytown (MS-DOS, Mega Drive/Genesis)
Qix (NES)
Sentinel Worlds I: Future Magic
Sky Target (Sega Saturn, Windows)
South Park (PlayStation)
Starship Andromeda
Star Trek: Deep Space Nine – Crossroads of Time (Mega Drive/Genesis, Super NES)
Sub Battle Simulator
Super Action Football
Tails and the Music Maker |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference%20monitor | In operating systems architecture a reference monitor concept defines a set of design requirements on a reference validation mechanism, which enforces an access control policy over subjects' (e.g., processes and users) ability to perform operations (e.g., read and write) on objects (e.g., files and sockets) on a system. The properties of a reference monitor are captured by the acronym NEAT, which means:
The reference validation mechanism must be Non-bypassable, so that an attacker cannot bypass the mechanism and violate the security policy.
The reference validation mechanism must be Evaluable, i.e., amenable to analysis and tests, the completeness of which can be assured (verifiable). Without this property, the mechanism might be flawed in such a way that the security policy is not enforced.
The reference validation mechanism must be Always invoked. Without this property, it is possible for the mechanism to not perform when intended, allowing an attacker to violate the security policy.
The reference validation mechanism must be Tamper-proof. Without this property, an attacker can undermine the mechanism itself and hence violate the security policy.
For example, Windows 3.x and 9x operating systems were not built with a reference monitor, whereas the Windows NT line, which also includes Windows 2000 and Windows XP, was designed to contain a reference monitor, although it is not clear that its properties (tamperproof, etc.) have ever been independently verified, or what level of computer security it was intended to provide.
The claim is that a reference validation mechanism that satisfies the reference monitor concept will correctly enforce a system's access control policy, as it must be invoked to mediate all security-sensitive operations, must not be tampered with, and has undergone complete analysis and testing to verify correctness. The abstract model of a reference monitor has been widely applied to any type of system that needs to enforce access control and is considered to express the necessary and sufficient properties for any system making this security claim.
According to Ross Anderson, the reference monitor concept was introduced by James Anderson in an influential 1972 paper. Peter Denning in a 2013 oral history stated that James Anderson credited the concept to a paper he and Scott Graham presented at a 1972 conference.
Systems evaluated at B3 and above by the Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) must enforce the reference monitor concept.
References
See also
Security kernel
Operating system security |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social%20Venture%20Network | Social Venture Network (SVN) is a nonprofit membership organization founded in 1987 by Joshua Mailman, Thomas H. Stoner Jr and Wayne Silby, SVN.
Events
Social Venture Network hosts two annual conferences, one on the West Coast in Spring and one on the East Coast in Fall, in addition to local gatherings held throughout the year.
Members
Some past and current members of Social Venture Network include:
Thomas H. Stoner Jr. - Entelligent
Ben Cohen - Ben and Jerry's
Amy Domini - Domini Social Investments
Eileen Fisher - Eileen Fisher, Inc.
Paul Hawken - Smith & Hawken
Gary Hirshberg - Stonyfield Farm
Jeffrey Hollender - Seventh Generation Inc.
Adam Lowry - Method
Anita Roddick - The Body Shop
Awards
SVN's Innovation Awards began in 2007 as a way to provide scholarships through its Bridge Project to emerging social entrepreneurs to help scale and expand their impact. Honorees have included TerraCycle, Back to the Roots, Revolution Foods, World of Good, Root Capital, and Green for All, among others. Several of the Innovation Awards winners have also been honored as Echoing Green Fellows, Hitachi Foundation Yoshiyama Young Entrepreneurs, White House Champions of Change, and have been listed on the Forbes Impact 30.
Sister organizations
SVN has been identified as inspiration and catalyst by several other successful organizations in the business ethics and corporate social responsibility spheres, including B Lab, Investors' Circle, Net Impact, Business Alliance for Local Living Economies (BALLE), Social Enterprise Alliance (SEA), Business for Social Responsibility (BSR) and Bainbridge Graduate Institute.
Resources
Book Series
In 2004, SVN began a partnership with publishers Berrett-Koehler to create the SVN Book Series. The books are written by SVN members as practical guides to starting and growing a socially responsible business.
Social Venture Institutes
Founded in 1996 by Gary Hirshberg, President and CEO of Stonyfield Farm, Social Venture Institutes are offered twice each year as a forum in which business and nonprofit leaders may receive expert advice and mentoring to overcome pressing challenges and to explore ways to succeed.
Esalen
The Esalen Institute was founded in 1962 as an alternative educational center. In 2011, Social Venture Network began its partnership with Esalen to offer a series of workshops on business practices, designed to help business professionals lead with passion, insight and authenticity.
Sustainability
The Social Venture Network office is located in the Presidio of San Francisco, California in the Thoreau Center for Sustainability and is a Certified Green Business. SVN publishes tools and best practices with B Corp Certification, as well as a Sustainable Shopping Guide.
References
External links
SVN's YouTube Channel
Business ethics organizations
Non-profit organizations based in San Francisco
Business organizations based in the United States
Environmental organizations based in the San Francis |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligent%20Platform%20Management%20Interface | The Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) is a set of computer interface specifications for an autonomous computer subsystem that provides management and monitoring capabilities independently of the host system's CPU, firmware (BIOS or UEFI) and operating system. IPMI defines a set of interfaces used by system administrators for out-of-band management of computer systems and monitoring of their operation. For example, IPMI provides a way to manage a computer that may be powered off or otherwise unresponsive by using a network connection to the hardware rather than to an operating system or login shell. Another use case may be installing a custom operating system remotely. Without IPMI, installing a custom operating system may require an administrator to be physically present near the computer, insert a DVD or a USB flash drive containing the OS installer and complete the installation process using a monitor and a keyboard. Using IPMI, an administrator can mount an ISO image, simulate an installer DVD, and perform the installation remotely.
The specification is led by Intel and was first published on September 16, 1998. It is supported by more than 200 computer system vendors, such as Cisco, Dell, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, and Intel.
The successor to the IPMI is Redfish.
Functionality
Using a standardized interface and protocol allows systems-management software based on IPMI to manage multiple, disparate servers. As a message-based, hardware-level interface specification, IPMI operates independently of the operating system (OS) to allow administrators to manage a system remotely in the absence of an operating system or of the system management software. Thus, IPMI functions can work in any of three scenarios:
before an OS has booted (allowing, for example, the remote monitoring or changing of BIOS settings)
when the system is powered down
after OS or system failure the key characteristic of IPMI compared with in-band system management is that it enables remote login to the operating system using SSH
System administrators can use IPMI messaging to monitor platform status (such as system temperatures, voltages, fans, power supplies and chassis intrusion); to query inventory information; to review hardware logs of out-of-range conditions; or to perform recovery procedures such as issuing requests from a remote console through the same connections e.g. system power-down and rebooting, or configuring watchdog timers. The standard also defines an alerting mechanism for the system to send a simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) platform event trap (PET).
The monitored system may be powered off, but must be connected to a power source and to the monitoring medium, typically a local area network (LAN) connection. IPMI can also function after the operating system has started, and exposes management data and structures to the system management software. IPMI prescribes only the structure and format of the interfaces as a standard, |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIF | MIF may refer to:
Computing
Maker Interchange Format, a markup language used by Adobe FrameMaker
Management Information Format, a format used to describe a hardware or software component
MapInfo Interchange Format, a map and database exporting file format of MapInfo
Finance
Maharlika Investment Fund, a sovereign wealth fund in the Philippines
Master in Finance
Multilateral Investment Fund, an independent fund administered by the Inter-American Development Bank
Medicine
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor, a protein involved in immune response.
Müllerian inhibiting factor, a hormone that plays a role in the sexual differentiation of humans
Merthiolate-Iodine-Formaldehyde, a solution used in biomedical laboratories
Science and technology
Magnetized Inertial Fusion, a method of generating energy
Mass-independent fractionation, any chemical or physical process that acts to separate isotopes
Maximal intersecting family, in mathematics
Metal–inorganic framework
Other uses
Anthony J. Mifsud, Maltese-born Canadian actor, singer and songwriter, performs professionally under the moniker Mif
Manchester International Festival, an arts festival held in Manchester, England
Miners' International Federation, former global union federation |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QSound | QSound is the original name for a positional three-dimensional (3D) sound processing algorithm from QSound Labs that creates 3D audio effects from multiple monophonic sources and sums the outputs to two channels for presentation over regular stereo speakers. QSound was eventually re-dubbed "Q1" after the introduction of "Q2", a positional 3D algorithm for headphones. When multi-speaker surround system support was later added to the positional 3D process, the QSound positional 3D audio process became known simply as "Q3D". QSound was founded by Larry Ryckman (CEO), Danny Lowe and John Lees. Jimmy Iovine served as senior vice president of music and Shelly Yakus as vice president of audio engineering in its formative years.
Technology
QSound is essentially a filtering algorithm. It manipulates timing, amplitude, and frequency response to produce a binaural image. Systems like QSound rely on the fact that a sound arriving from one side of the listener will reach one ear before the other and that when it reaches the furthest ear, it is lower in amplitude and spectrally altered due to obstruction by the head. However, the ideal algorithm was arrived at empirically, with parameters adjusted according to the outcomes of many listening tests.
3D positional processing like QSound, the multi-channel QSystem professional processor used in the production of pop music and film audio, is distinct from stereo expansion like QSound QXpander or SRS Sound Retrieval System. Positional 3D audio processing is a producer-side technology. It is applied to individual instruments or sound effects, and is therefore only usable at the mixing phase of music and soundtrack production, or under realtime control of game audio mixing software. Stereo expansion (processing of recorded channels and background ambience) is primarily a playback process that can be arbitrarily applied to stereo content in the end-user environment using analog integrated circuits or digital signal processing (DSP) routines.
Adoption
The system was used in all Capcom CP System Dash, CP System II titles and the Sony ZN-1 and ZN-2 hardware arcade games such as Battle Arena Toshinden 2.
QSound was utilized on Madonna's 1990 album, The Immaculate Collection, Sting's 1991 album, The Soul Cages, Luther Vandross's 1991 album, Power of Love, Paula Abdul's 1991 album, Spellbound, and Roger Waters's 1992 album Amused To Death.
Electronic Arts, Activision, Microsoft Game Studios, Sega, Virgin Interactive, TDK Mediactive, Bullfrog Productions, and Lionhead Studios have also used the technology, mostly through the use of the QMixer software development kit to implement audio positioning, mixing and control directly in the game software. Later versions of QMixer added support for 3D-accelerated hardware through the low-level Microsoft DirectSound3D Application Programming Interface.
Sega started using the technology in 1993 for Sega CD games, beginning with Ecco the Dolphin, and continued the use of this te |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel%20Moses | Joel Moses (24 November 1941 – 29 May 2022) was an Israeli-American mathematician, computer scientist, and Institute Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
Biography
Joel Moses was born in Mandatory Palestine on 25 November 1941 and emigrated to the United States in 1954. He attended Midwood High School in Brooklyn, New York. He received his Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree in mathematics from Columbia University and a Master of Arts (MA) in mathematics, also from Columbia.
Under the supervision of Marvin Minsky, Moses received his Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in mathematics at MIT in 1967 with a thesis entitled Symbolic Integration. This laid the groundwork for the Macsyma symbolic mathematics program that was created at MIT largely under his supervision between 1969 and 1983. Macsyma was able to solve problems such as simplification, polynomial factorization, indefinite integration, solution of differential equations, and other higher-order mathematical questions.
Moses served in administrative posts at MIT from 1974 and 1998: associate director of the Laboratory for Computer Science, head of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, dean of Engineering, and provost. He also served as acting director of the Engineering Systems Division at MIT from 2006 to 2007 and acting director of the Center for Technology, Policy and Industrial Development from 2007 to 2010.
His memoirs are published.
He was interviewed on the occasion of MIT's 150th anniversary.
He appears in an independent documentary film named Plug & Pray, where he talks about the impact of ELIZA, a computer program published by Joseph Weizenbaum in 1966.
Moses was a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was a life fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Moses was also elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) in 1986 for pioneering accomplishments in symbolic algebraic manipulations by computer, and for outstanding leadership in engineering education.
References
External links
Joel Moses papers, MC-0378. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Distinctive Collections, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
1941 births
2022 deaths
American computer scientists
American people of Israeli descent
Columbia College (New York) alumni
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
Fellow Members of the IEEE
Jews from Mandatory Palestine
MIT School of Engineering faculty
Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty
Massachusetts Institute of Technology provosts
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Lisp (programming language) people
Midwood High School alumni
Scientists from New York (state)
Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Scienc |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC/SC | PC/SC (short for "Personal Computer/Smart Card") is a specification for smart-card integration into computing environments.
Microsoft has implemented PC/SC in Microsoft Windows 200x/XP and makes it available under Microsoft Windows NT/9x.
A free implementation of PC/SC, PC/SC Lite, is available for Linux and other Unixes; a forked version comes bundled with Mac OS X.
Work group
Core members
Gemalto
Infineon
Microsoft
Toshiba
Associate members
Advanced Card Systems Alcor Micro Athena Smartcard Solutions Bloombase C3PO S.L. Cherry Electrical Products Cross S&T Inc.Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Feitian Technologies Kobil Systems GmbH Silitek Nidec Sankyo Corporation O2Micro, Inc. OMNIKEY (HID Global) Precise Biometrics Realtek Semiconductor Corp. Research In Motion Sagem Orga SCM Microsystems Siemens Teridian Semiconductor Corp.
See also
CT-API, an alternative API
External links
PC/SC Workgroup
Free Implementation (PCSCLite)
pcsc-tools free commandline tools for PC/SC
Winscard Smart Card API functions in Microsoft Windows XP/2000
SMACADU open source smart card analyzing tools
PC/SC Reader List PC/SC-standard readers
de:PC/SC#Der PC/SC-Standard |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidar | SOLIDAR is a European network of NGOs working to advance social justice in Europe and worldwide. SOLIDAR voices the concerns of its member organisations to the EU and international institutions across the policy sectors of social affairs, international cooperation, and lifelong learning.
SOLIDAR has 60 member organisations based in 27 countries (22 of which are EU countries), and is active in 90 countries worldwide. Member organisations are national NGOs in Europe, as well as some non-EU and EU-wide organisations, working in one or more relevant fields. The network is brought together by its shared values of solidarity, social equality, and participation.
SOLIDAR works in cooperation with its members, trade unions, political institutions, and civil society actors. SOLIDAR aims to influence policy at the EU and international levels, and link members together to learn from each other and help them carry out projects. The organisation is affiliated with the Progressive Alliance.
Member organizations
As of 2015, there are 34 full member organisations in the SOLIDAR network:
Arbetarnas Bildningsförbund (ABF), Sweden
Association Européenne des Droits de l’Homme (AEDH), EU
Arbejdernes Oplysningsforbund (AOF DK), Denmark
Studieforbundet AOF (AOF NO), Norway
Alianza por la Solidaridad (APS), Spain
Associazione di Promozione Sociale (ARCI), Italy
Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund (ASB), Germany
Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund (ASBÖ), Austria
Auser, Italy
Arbeiterwohlfahrt (AWO), Germany
Arbeiterwohlfahrt International (AWO INTL), Germany
Berufsförderungsinstitut Oberösterreich (BFI OÖ), Austria
Centres d’Entraînement aux Méthodes d’Education Active (CEMEA), France
International Cooperation Network (CGIL), Italy
Community Service Volunteers (CSV), United Kingdom
Féderation Européenne de l’Education et la Culture (FEEC), France
Fagligt Internationalt Center (FIC), Denmark
Fonds voor Ontwikkelingssamenwerking - Socialistische Solidariteit (FOS), Belgium
General Federation of Trade Unions (GFTU), UK
Humanitas, The Netherlands
International Federation of Workers’ Education Associations (IFWEA), South Africa
Instituto Sindical de Cooperacion al Desarrollo (ISCOD), Spain
Instituto Sindacale di Cooperazione allo Sviluppo (ISCOS), Italy
International Solidarity Foundation (ISF), Finland
La Liga Española de la Educación y la Cultura Popular (La Liga Española), Spain
La Ligue de l’Enseignement (La Ligue), France
Movimiento por la Paz, el Desarme y la Libertad (MPDL), Spain
Norwegian People's Aid (NPA), Norway
Olof Palme International Center (OPIC), Sweden
Solidar Suisse, Switzerland
Solidarité Laïque, France
Työväen Sivistysliitto - Worker's Educational Association (TSL), Finland
Volkshilfe Österreich Bundesverband (VH), Austria
Workers’ Educational Association (WEA), UK
Affiliate member organisations
As of 2015, there are 24 affiliate member organisations in the SOLIDAR network:
Asociaţia pentru Dezvoltarea Organizaţiei (Ado Sah Rom), Romania
Asociácia odborných praco |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irreversible%20circuit | An irreversible circuit is a circuit whose inputs cannot be reconstructed from its outputs.
Such a circuit, of necessity, consumes energy.
See also
Reversible computing
Integrated circuits |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRIB | GRIB (GRIdded Binary or General Regularly-distributed Information in Binary form) is a concise data format commonly used in meteorology to store historical and forecast weather data. It is standardized by the World Meteorological Organization's Commission for Basic Systems, known under number GRIB FM 92-IX, described in WMO Manual on Codes No.306.
Currently there are three versions of GRIB.
Version 0 was used to a limited extent by projects such as TOGA, and is no longer in operational use.
The first edition (current sub-version is 2) is used operationally worldwide by most meteorological centers, for Numerical Weather Prediction output (NWP).
A newer generation has been introduced, known as GRIB second edition, and data is slowly changing over to this format. Some of the second-generation GRIB is used for derived products distributed in the Eumetcast of Meteosat Second Generation. Another example is the NAM (North American Mesoscale) model.
Format
GRIB files are a collection of self-contained records of 2D data, and the individual records stand alone as meaningful data, with no references to other records or to an overall schema. So collections of GRIB records can be appended to each other or the records separated.
Each GRIB record has two components - the part that describes the record (the header), and the actual binary data itself. The data in GRIB-1 are typically converted to integers using scale and offset, and then bit-packed. GRIB-2 also has the possibility of compression.
GRIB History
GRIB superseded the Aeronautical Data Format (ADF).
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Commission for Basic Systems (CBS) met in 1985 to create the GRIB (GRIdded Binary) format.
The Working Group on Data Management (WGDM) in February 1994, after major changes, approved revision 1 of the GRIB format.
GRIB Edition 2 format was approved in 2003 at Geneva.
Problems with GRIB
There is no way in GRIB to describe a collection of GRIB records
Each record is independent, with no way to reference the GRIB writer's intended schema
No foolproof way to combine records into the multidimensional arrays from which they were derived.
The use of external tables to describe the meaning of the data.
No authoritative place for centers to publish their local tables.
Inconsistent and incorrect methods of versioning local tables.
No machine-readable versions of the WMO tables (now available for GRIB-2, but not GRIB-1)
GRIB 1 Header
There are 2 parts of the GRIB 1 header - one mandatory (Product Definition Section - PDS) and one optional (Grid Description Section - GDS). The PDS describes who created the data (the research / operation center), the involved numerical model / process (can be NWP or GCM), the data that is actually stored (such as wind, temperature, ozone concentration etc.), units of the data (meters, pressure etc.), vertical system of the data (constant height, constant pressure, constant potential temperature), and the time stamp.
If |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South%20Carolina%20Educational%20Television | South Carolina Educational Television (branded as South Carolina ETV, SCETV or simply ETV) is a state network of PBS member television stations serving the U.S. state of South Carolina. It is operated by the South Carolina Educational Television Commission, an agency of the state government which holds the licenses for all of the PBS member stations licensed in the state. The broadcast signals of the eleven television stations cover almost all of the state, as well as parts of North Carolina and Georgia.
The network's primary operations are located on George Rogers Boulevard in Columbia, across from Williams-Brice Stadium on the campus of the University of South Carolina; SCETV operates satellite studios in Spartanburg, Sumter and Rock Hill.
History
The state network began in 1958, after the South Carolina General Assembly authorized a study in the use of instructional television in the state's public schools. The library of Dreher High School served as a studio in Columbia, South Carolina. The first courses (a French course taught by Madame Lucille Turney-High and a geometry course taught by Cornelia Turnbull) were transmitted on September 8, 1958, via closed circuit television. Following approval of the study, the South Carolina General Assembly created the South Carolina Educational Television Commission (ETV), a state agency, on July 1, 1960. By 1962 ETV extended closed-circuit, classroom television service to most South Carolina counties.
In 1963, the Commission launched the first open-circuit (broadcast) educational station in South Carolina, WNTV in Greenville. One year later, WITV in Charleston signed on. Two years later, WRLK-TV in Columbia, made its debut. The network grew to eleven television transmitters covering all of the state. After years of receiving NET and PBS programs on tape delay, it entered PBS' satellite network in 1978. In 2000, SCETV broadcast the first digital television program in the state. Since 2003, the state network identifies on-air as simply "ETV."
South Carolina Educational Radio (public radio) began in 1972, when WEPR in Clemson signed on the air with maximum power of 100,000 watts (WEPR later moved its city of license to Greenville). The network eventually expanded to eight radio transmitters (five 100kW and three 30kW transmitters). The South Carolina Educational Radio Network was renamed ETV Radio in 2003. "ETV" was viewed as a general brand name for both radio and television. In 2015, the radio network was called South Carolina Public Radio.
R. Lynn Kalmbach was selected as the network's project director in 1958 and led it until his death in 1965. Henry J. Cauthen became ETV's president and general manager and served in numerous leadership roles developing American public broadcasting, including chair of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB). Cauthen retired in 1997. Paul Amos served as ETV's third president from 1998 until his death in 2000. Maurice "Moss" Bresnahan was ETV's president and |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autodesk%20Softimage | Autodesk Softimage, or simply Softimage () was a 3D computer graphics application, for producing 3D computer graphics, 3D modeling, and computer animation. Now owned by Autodesk and formerly titled Softimage|XSI, the software has been predominantly used in the film, video game, and advertising industries for creating computer generated characters, objects, and environments.
Released in 2000 as the successor to Softimage3D, Softimage|XSI was developed by its eponymous company, then a subsidiary of Avid Technology. On October 23, 2008, Autodesk acquired the Softimage brand and 3D animation assets from Avid for approximately $35 million, thereby ending Softimage Co. as a distinct entity. In February 2009, Softimage|XSI was rebranded Autodesk Softimage.
A free version of the software, called Softimage Mod Tool, was developed for the game modding community to create games using the Microsoft XNA toolset for PC and Xbox 360, or to create mods for games using Valve's Source engine, Epic Games's Unreal Engine and others. It was discontinued with the release of Softimage 2014.
On March 4, 2014, it was announced that Autodesk Softimage would be discontinued after the release of the 2015 version, providing product support until April 30, 2016.
Overview
Autodesk Softimage is a 3D animation application comprising a suite of computer graphics tools.
Modeling tools allow the generation of polygonal or NURBS models. Subdivision modeling requires no additional operators and works directly on the polygonal geometry. Each modeling operation is tracked by a construction history stack, which enables artists to work non-destructively. Operators in history stacks can be re-ordered, removed or changed at any time, and all adjustments propagate to the final model.
Control rigs are created using bones with automatic IK, constraints and specialized solvers like spine or tail. Optionally, the ICE system can be used to create light-weight rigs in a node-based environment. The rigging process can be sped up through the use of adaptable biped and quadruped rigs, FaceRobot for facial rigs and automatic lip syncing.
Animation features include layers and a mixer, which allows combining animation clips non-linearly. Animation operators are tracked in a construction history stack that is separate from the modeling stack, enabling users to change the underlying geometry of already animated characters and objects. MOTOR is a feature that transfers animation between characters, regardless of their size or proportions. GATOR can transfer attributes such as textures, UVs, weight maps or envelopes between different models. Softimage also contains tools to simulate particles, particle strands, rigid body dynamics, soft body dynamics, cloth, hair and fluids.
The default and tightly integrated rendering engine in Softimage is mental ray. Materials and shaders are built in a node-based fashion. When users activate a so-called render region in a camera view, it will render this secti |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic%20image%20annotation | Automatic image annotation (also known as automatic image tagging or linguistic indexing) is the process by which a computer system automatically assigns metadata in the form of captioning or keywords to a digital image. This application of computer vision techniques is used in image retrieval systems to organize and locate images of interest from a database.
This method can be regarded as a type of multi-class image classification with a very large number of classes - as large as the vocabulary size. Typically, image analysis in the form of extracted feature vectors and the training annotation words are used by machine learning techniques to attempt to automatically apply annotations to new images. The first methods learned the correlations between image features and training annotations, then techniques were developed using machine translation to try to translate the textual vocabulary with the 'visual vocabulary', or clustered regions known as blobs. Work following these efforts have included classification approaches, relevance models and so on.
The advantages of automatic image annotation versus content-based image retrieval (CBIR) are that queries can be more naturally specified by the user. CBIR generally (at present) requires users to search by image concepts such as color and texture, or finding example queries. Certain image features in example images may override the concept that the user is really focusing on. The traditional methods of image retrieval such as those used by libraries have relied on manually annotated images, which is expensive and time-consuming, especially given the large and constantly growing image databases in existence.
See also
Content-based image retrieval
Object categorization from image search
Object detection
Outline of object recognition
References
Further reading
Word co-occurrence model
Annotation as machine translation
Statistical models
Automatic linguistic indexing of pictures
Hierarchical Aspect Cluster Model
Latent Dirichlet Allocation model
Supervised multiclass labeling
Texture similarity
Support Vector Machines
Ensemble of Decision Trees and Random Subwindows
Maximum Entropy
Relevance models
Relevance models using continuous probability density functions
Coherent Language Model
Inference networks
Multiple Bernoulli distribution
Multiple design alternatives
Image captioning
Natural scene annotation
Relevant low-level global filters
Global image features and nonparametric density estimation
Video semantics
Image Annotation Refinement
Automatic Image Annotation by Ensemble of Visual Descriptors
A New Baseline for Image Annotation
Simultaneous Image Classification and Annotation
TagProp: Discriminative Metric Learning in Nearest Neighbor Models for Image Auto-Annotation
Image Annotation Using Metric Learning in Semantic Neighbourhoods
Automatic Image Annotation Using Deep Learning Representations
Holistic Image Annotation using Sal |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Kelso | Michael Christopher Kelso is a fictional character and one of the four male leads on Fox Network's That '70s Show, portrayed by Ashton Kutcher. Described in the show as tall, lanky and long-haired, Kelso was considered a simple-minded person until he moved to Chicago in the eighth season. Throughout the show, Kelso is depicted as a stereotypical "himbo", or an attractive, but unintelligent, male. He spends most of the series in a mutually parasitic relationship with Jackie Burkhart, whom he continues to obsess over following their breakups, a recurring plot-point in the series.
In spite of his purported stupidity, Kelso is shown on several occasions not to be immature, merely unmotivated, displaying startling intelligence unbecoming of his usual personality or hi-jinx occasionally. Near the end of the series, Kelso becomes one of the first characters to completely break away from adolescence and into adulthood when he impregnates a girl with whom he had a one-night stand. To his friends' surprise, Kelso took responsibility for the child, moving to Chicago to take a job to support and be near his newborn daughter.
Character biography
Kelso was first introduced in "That 70s Pilot" as Eric Forman's less intelligent, loudly obnoxious friend who is dating a preppy, younger student, Jackie Burkhart, whom he first met in 1968 playing "Fort." But later in the season, the couple goes through multiple breakups.
Much to his friends' annoyance, he frequently claims to be breaking up with Jackie but does not go through with it, in hopes she'll 'put out' eventually (but instead, Jackie breaks up with him first). Because of her, he misses out on a Todd Rundgren concert, instead spending the evening making out in the back of the Vista Cruiser. As the series progresses, it is later revealed that Kelso cheats on his girlfriend (most notably with Pam Macy and Eric's sister Laurie). At one point, Jackie finds out and banned Kelso from coming to her ski trip, though Michael still attempts to find a way there.
Kelso also unwittingly gets his friends into trouble after driving them around in an apparently stolen car. They were arrested, though Eric's connections with his father got them out of trouble. Eventually, Kelso loses his virginity to Jackie, though they go through a scare that she may be pregnant, which turns out to be a false alarm.
Later on, Kelso is given a neglected 1964 Dodge Van by his uncle, which becomes the main focus of his secondary story during seasons 2 and 3. On one occasion, Jackie wishes to decorate the van, resulting in its being temporarily covered in stuffed animals, though all were removed soon after.
The van becomes the gang's main source of transportation on long-distance journeys, such as a "Van Stock" rock concert, and a trip to an ice fishing shack. However, it is at the ice fishing shack where it ultimately meets its fate when it breaks through the ice, and sinks to the bottom of the lake.
Like Eric, Kelso buys his girlfrien |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari%20ST%20BASIC | Atari ST BASIC (or ST Basic) was the first dialect of BASIC that was produced for the Atari ST line of computers. This BASIC interpreter was bundled with all new STs in the early years of the ST's lifespan, and quickly became the standard BASIC for that platform. However, many users disliked it, and improved dialects of BASIC quickly came out to replace it.
Development
Atari Corporation commissioned MetaComCo to write a version of BASIC that would take advantage of the GEM environment on the Atari ST. This was based on a version already written for Digital Research called DR-Basic, which was bundled with DR's CP/M-86 operating system. The result was called ST BASIC. At the time the ST was launched, ST BASIC was bundled with all new STs.
A further port of the same language called ABasiC ended up being supplied for a time with the Amiga, but Commodore quickly replaced it with the Microsoft-developed AmigaBASIC.
Interface
The user interface consists of four windows:
EDIT, for entering source code
LIST, where the source code can be browsed
COMMAND, where instructions are entered and immediately executed
OUTPUT
The windows can only be selected with the mouse.
Bugs
ST BASIC has many bugs. Compute! in September 1987 reported on one flaw that it described as "among the worst BASIC bugs of all time". Typing x = 18.9 results in
function not yet done
System error #%N, please restart
Similar commands, such as x = 39.8 or x = 4.725, crash the computer; the magazine described the results of the last command as "as bad a crash as you can get on the ST without seeing the machine rip free from its cables, drag itself to the edge of the desk, and leap into the trash bin". After citing other flaws (such as ? 257 * 257 and ? 257 ^ 2 not being equivalent) the magazine recommended "avoid[ing] ST BASIC for serious programming". Regarding reports that MetaComCo was "one bug away" from releasing a long-delayed update to the language, it jokingly wondered "whether Atari has only one more bug to eliminate from ST BASIC or one more to add".
Alternatives
The relatively low quality of ST BASIC quickly opened up a market for third-party BASICs on the ST. FaST BASIC and GFA BASIC were two of the first of these third-party BASICs to be released. As these BASICS were not free, a program written in one of these BASICs could only be listed and run if the user had that BASIC. However, compilers and run-time executables started to appear for these BASICs that produced executable code that could run on all STs, and type-in programs became less fashionable, so there was no longer a need for a standard BASIC. By then, HiSoft BASIC, Omikron BASIC and STOS BASIC had appeared. Some of these BASICs even started to be bundled with new STs in the later years.
Books
Understanding Atari ST BASIC Programming — by Tim Knight, copyright 1986,
Atari ST BASIC Quick Reference Guide — by Atari, copyright 1986, revision A. {DDB-G22}
ST BASIC Sourcebook and Tutorial — by Atari, copyrig |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Name%20Service%20Switch | The Name Service Switch (NSS) connects the computer with a variety of sources of common configuration databases and name resolution mechanisms. These sources include local operating system files (such as , , and ), the Domain Name System (DNS), the Network Information Service (NIS, NIS+), and LDAP.
This operating system mechanism, used in billions of computers, including all Unix-like operating systems, is indispensable to functioning as part of the networked organization and the Internet. Among other things, it is invoked every time a computer user clicks on or types a website address in the web browser or responds to the password challenge to be authorized access to the computer and the Internet.
nsswitch.conf
A system administrator usually configures the operating system's name services using the file . This file lists databases (such as passwd, shadow and group), and one or more sources for obtaining that information. Examples for sources are files for local files, ldap for the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, nis for the Network Information Service, nisplus for NIS+, dns for the Domain Name System (DNS), and wins for Windows Internet Name Service.
The nsswitch.conf file has line entries for each service consisting of a database name in the first field, terminated by a colon, and a list of possible source databases in the second field.
A typical file might look like:
passwd: files ldap
shadow: files
group: files ldap
hosts: dns nis files
ethers: files nis
netmasks: files nis
networks: files nis
protocols: files nis
rpc: files nis
services: files nis
automount: files
aliases: files
The order of the source databases determines the order the NSS will attempt to look up those sources to resolve queries for the specified service. A bracketed list of criteria may be specified following each source name to govern the conditions under which the NSS will proceed to querying the next source based on the preceding source's response.
History
Earlier Unix-like systems either accessed only local files or had hard-coded rules for accessing files or network-stored databases. Ultrix was a notable exception with its nearly identical functionality of the NSS configuration file in .
Sun Microsystems first developed the NSS for their Solaris operating system.
Solaris' compliance with SVR4, which Sun Microsystems and AT&T Unix System Laboratories jointly developed by merging UNIX System V, BSD and Xenix, required that third parties be able to plug in name service implementations for the transport layer of their choosing (OSI or IP) without rewriting SVR4-compliant Transport-Independent RPC (TI-RPC) applications or rebuilding the operating system. Sun introduced the NIS+ directory service in Solaris to supersede NIS, which required co-existence of the two directory services within an enterprise to ease migration.
Sun engineers Thomas Maslen and Sanjay Dani were the first to design and implement the Nam |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%20Fundamentals%20for%20Legacy%20PCs | Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs ("WinFLP") is a thin client release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft and optimized for older, less powerful hardware. It was released on July 8, 2006, nearly two years after its Windows XP SP2 counterpart was released in August 2004, and is not marketed as a full-fledged general purpose operating system, although it is functionally able to perform most of the tasks generally associated with one. It includes only certain functionality for local workloads such as security, management, document viewing related tasks and the .NET Framework. It is designed to work as a client–server solution with RDP clients or other third party clients such as Citrix ICA. Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs reached end of support on April 8, 2014 along with most other Windows XP editions.
History
Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs was originally announced with the code name "Eiger" on 12 May 2005. ("Mönch" was announced as a potential follow-up project at about the same time.) The name "Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs" appeared in a press release in September 2005, when it was introduced as "formerly code-named “Eiger”" and described as "an exclusive benefit to SA [Microsoft Software Assurance] customers".
A Gartner evaluation from April 2006 stated that:
The RTM version of Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs, which was released on July 8, 2006, was built from the Windows XP Service Pack 2 codebase. The release was announced to the press on July 12, 2006. Because Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs comes from a codebase of 32-bit Windows XP, its service packs are also developed separately. For the same reason, Service Pack 3 for Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs, released on October 7, 2008, is the same as Service Pack 3 for 32-bit (x86) editions of Windows XP. In fact, due to the earlier release date of the 32-bit version, many of the key features introduced by Service Pack 2 for 32-bit (x86) editions of Windows XP were already present in the RTM version of Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs. Service Pack 3 is the last released service pack for Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs.
In May 2011, Microsoft announced Windows Thin PC as the successor product.
Technical specifications
Microsoft positions Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs as an operating system that provides basic computing services on older hardware, while still providing core management features of more recent Windows releases, such as Windows Firewall, Group Policy, Automatic Updates, and other management services. However, it is not considered to be a general-purpose operating system by Microsoft.
Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs is a Windows XP Embedded derivative and, as such, it requires significantly fewer system resources than the fully featured Windows XP. It also features basic networking, extended peripheral support, DirectX, and the ability to launch the remote desktop clients from compact discs. In addition to loc |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Montgomery | Joseph Paul Montgomery (June 5, 1960 – June 19, 1999 ) was an American entrepreneur and inventor. In the mid 1980s, he was among the first to see the potential of personal computer technology in the field of video production and 3D animation. As Vice President of NewTek and Co-Founder and President of Play, Inc., Montgomery drove the creation of the first widely-successful digital video products, including the Emmy-award-winning Video Toaster and the Snappy Video Snapshot.
In the 1996 book, The Age of Videography, Montgomery was cited as one of the 25 most influential people in the history of videography. Montgomery received a Primetime Emmy award for his personal contributions in creating the Video Toaster. He is listed as an inventor on U.S. patents 6,380,950 and 6,941,517 regarding low-bandwidth television.
Career
Beginnings of desktop video
Although Montgomery started his career in real estate and artist promotion, in the early 1980s he became enamored by technology and personal computers, in particular with the Commodore Amiga. In 1985, the Amiga computer featured graphics, audio and multi-tasking capabilities greater than other personal computers of its time, making it a suitable platform for early 3D animation, video production and audio production products.
Montgomery first came to the fore in the Amiga community as a founder of the First Amiga User Group (FAUG, pronounced "fog") in California's Silicon Valley. FAUG meetings often featured the hardware and software engineers responsible for the creation of the Amiga, since the Amiga Corporation headquarters was in nearby Santa Clara, California. During this time, Montgomery worked for Trip Hawkins at video game pioneer Electronic Arts as product manager. Montgomery later credited Hawkins' experience at Apple with the Steve Jobs-like product and marketing strategy Montgomery used at both NewTek and Play. Montgomery met hardware engineer Brad Carvey in a computer store, and upon viewing a demonstration of inventor Tim Jenison's early Amiga experiments, arranged for Carvey and Jenison to meet.
NewTek
When Electronic Arts decided to focus product development efforts on the Apple IIGS computer rather than the Amiga, Montgomery left and moved to Topeka, Kansas to help Jenison build NewTek. At that time, Jenison, Carvey and others were developing a Video Black Box for the Amiga capable of real-time video effects.
Under Jenison and Montgomery's leadership, this Video Black Box evolved into the Video Toaster. Billed as the "television studio in-a-box", the product combined the traditionally separate, dedicated pieces of traditional video production hardware into a single, relatively inexpensive add-on for the Amiga. It included a real-time video switcher, real-time video effects, luma-keyer, character generator, still store, paint software and the Lightwave 3D animation software. The Video Toaster altered the video production industry by proving a personal computer could make high-quality te |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X10%20%28programming%20language%29 | X10 is a programming language being developed by IBM at the Thomas J. Watson Research Center as part of the Productive, Easy-to-use, Reliable Computing System (PERCS) project funded by DARPA's High Productivity Computing Systems (HPCS) program.
History
Its primary authors are Kemal Ebcioğlu, Saravanan Arumugam (Aswath), Vijay Saraswat, and Vivek Sarkar.
X10 is designed specifically for parallel computing using the partitioned global address space (PGAS) model.
A computation is divided among a set of places, each of which holds some data and hosts one or more activities that operate on those data. It has a constrained type system for object-oriented programming, a form of dependent types. Other features include user-defined primitive struct types; globally distributed arrays, and structured and unstructured parallelism.
X10 uses the concept of parent and child relationships for activities to prevent the lock stalemate that can occur when two or more processes wait for each other to finish before they can complete. An activity may spawn one or more child activities, which may themselves have children. Children cannot wait for a parent to finish, but a parent can wait for a child using the finish command.
See also
Chapel
Coarray Fortran
Concurrency
Fortress
Non-blocking algorithm
Parallel programming model
Unified Parallel C
References
External links
Overview of PGAS languages
Vivek Sarkar's X10 slides
GPLed X10 prototype
IBM software
Array programming languages
Concurrent programming languages
JVM programming languages |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCOM%203%20U.S.%20Navy%20SEALs | SOCOM 3 U.S. Navy SEALs is a 2005 tactical shooter video game developed by Zipper Interactive and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for PlayStation 2. It is the sequel to SOCOM II U.S. Navy SEALs.
The online servers for this game, along with other PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable SOCOM titles, were shut down on August 31, 2012.
Gameplay
SOCOM 3 U.S. Navy SEALs is a third-person tactical shooter. There are 14 different single-player missions. SOCOM 3 U.S. Navy SEALs is playable on five difficulty levels. At the start, the player can only choose from three of these. If the player completes the game on Commander, they can unlock the Captain difficulty level (which unlocks the Admiral difficulty level upon successful completion).
Every mission has primary, secondary, bonus, and crosstalk objectives - which are compatible with the Sony PSP game SOCOM U.S. Navy SEALs: Fireteam Bravo.
Plot
In the North African campaign, the player's (Specter) fireteam consists "Jester" as well as SEALs "Killjoy" and "Simple". Specter's SEAL team battles the North African Patriotic Front (NAPF), the renamed Algerian Patriotic Front from SOCOM II U.S. Navy SEALs, led by the megalomaniac General Heydar Mahmood and Colonel Sarwat, his second-in-command. Mahmood had gained control of Algeria via a coup d'etat during the previous game, and now the NAPF has just launched an offensive into a neighboring unnamed country, while the SEAL team is enlisted to support local forces trying to repel the NAPF.
In the South Asian missions "Killjoy" and "Simple" are replaced by British Special Boat Service operatives "Flash" and "Chopper". In these missions the player battles a piracy organization called "The Fist and Fire".
The last missions take place in Poland where the SEALs battle a well funded, ultra-nationalist terrorist organization called the New Slavic Order (NSO). In these missions "Flash" and "Chopper" are replaced by GROM operatives "Deadpan" and "Coldkill".
Development
Zipper Interactive decided to require SOCOM 3 U.S. Navy SEALs players to verify their identities by using a credit card, debit cards, or VISA gift cards. If the players do not verify themselves, they will not be granted ranks, allowed to join friends' lists, ranked games or clans. The PAL version of SOCOM 3 U.S. Navy SEALs did not need to be verified for online play. The SOCOM blog, set up by the Sony PlayStation team to give players a look at the making of the game, stated that this was meant to keep SOCOM cheaters away from the game.
The game is situated in Poland, South Asia and North Africa. The South Asia area of operation was originally specified as Bangladesh, but was changed after a complaint from the Bangladeshi government.
The first Map Pack was released for a free two-week trial on June 27, 2006. After the two-week trial, players had the opportunity to purchase the map pack through the SOCOM Store in the SOCOM community section. Two more map packs were released containing maps |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2600%20hertz | 2600 hertz (2600 Hz) is a frequency in hertz (cycles per second) that was used in telecommunication signaling in mid-20th century long-distance telephone networks using carrier systems.
Tone signaling carrier systems operated in the standard telephony voice frequency range ( to ). They replaced direct current (D.C.) signaling on toll trunk lines because they could be used with any type of toll facility over any length of transmission line that was suitable for voice transmissions. This included transmission through line repeaters and other facilities that would distort, block, or otherwise prohibit D.C. loop-disconnect signaling, such as rotary dial pulses, and on-hook/off-hook signaling. Common frequencies for this purpose were , , , , and , the latter being just outside the voice range. These signaling systems were continuous tone methods, so that the idle condition of a trunk line could easily be detected by the presence of the appropriate signaling frequency, in contrast to conditions of a quiet line which could be due to pauses in speech, or arise from line faults. The tones were typically transmitted in the same physical and logical channel, which characterizes these systems as in-band signaling methods, which do not require additional bandwidth for control of the network and benefit from a single amplification facility for speech and signaling.
The most common single-frequency signaling (SF) system in use in the United States from the 1950s to the 1970s used the frequency pairing of 2600 with 2400 hertz, while in other countries, some systems combined with a variety of lower frequencies in a compelled mode. Lower frequencies, such as , were used by the 1940s in composite signaling systems, however, the higher signal energy in speech at presented technical problems in protection against false operation. The in-band signaling method was vulnerable to talk-off conditions when the voice of a telephone user accidentally or intentionally generates the same tone or sufficiently strong spectral content at the frequency of the signaling system, a condition also known as falsing. In this instant, the call would be disconnected prematurely, and the trunk placed in idle condition. The Bell System in the United States used special signal-to-guard arrangements in the signaling receiver to detect this condition by comparison with the energy in the frequency spectrum outside the signaling tone. The condition was also often mitigated by narrow-band notch filters during the seized line state.
The discovery of this phenomenon by technology-curious individuals in the 1960s, led to the abuse by phreaking, a subculture that exploited the technology to explore national and international telephone networks and place cost-free long-distance telephone calls.
Combating abuse, and improving communications, the telephone industry transitioned to out-of-band signaling systems, such as Signalling System 7 (SS7), by the 1980s. This separated the voice and signali |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overhead | Overhead may be:
Overhead (business), the ongoing operating costs of running a business
Engineering overhead, ancillary design features required by a component of a device
Overhead (computing), ancillary computation required by an algorithm or program
Protocol overhead, additional bandwidth used by a communications protocol
Line code or encoding overhead, additional bandwidth required for physical line transmission
Overhead information, for telecommunication systems
File system overhead, storage or other consideration required by a file system that is not directly related to data
Any physical object situated, or action occurring above:
Overhead line, for power transmission
Overhead cable, for signal transmission
Overhead projector, a display system
Overhead storage, for example overhead storage bins, racks, shelves, cabinets or track systems in aircraft, trains or buildings
Overhead cam, a mechanical device
Overhead join, in air traffic control
Overhead press, an upper-body weight training exercise in
Overhead crane or bridge crane, a type of crane sliding on two parallel rails
See also
Overkill (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipping%20%28computer%20graphics%29 | Clipping, in the context of computer graphics, is a method to selectively enable or disable rendering operations within a defined region of interest. Mathematically, clipping can be described using the terminology of constructive geometry. A rendering algorithm only draws pixels in the intersection between the clip region and the scene model. Lines and surfaces outside the view volume (aka. frustum) are removed.
Clip regions are commonly specified to improve render performance. A well-chosen clip allows the renderer to save time and energy by skipping calculations related to pixels that the user cannot see. Pixels that will be drawn are said to be within the clip region. Pixels that will not be drawn are outside the clip region. More informally, pixels that will not be drawn are said to be "clipped."
In 2D graphics
In two-dimensional graphics, a clip region may be defined so that pixels are only drawn within the boundaries of a window or frame. Clip regions can also be used to selectively control pixel rendering for aesthetic or artistic purposes. In many implementations, the final clip region is the composite (or intersection) of one or more application-defined shapes, as well as any system hardware constraints
In one example application, consider an image editing program. A user application may render the image into a viewport. As the user zooms and scrolls to view a smaller portion of the image, the application can set a clip boundary so that pixels outside the viewport are not rendered. In addition, GUI widgets, overlays, and other windows or frames may obscure some pixels from the original image. In this sense, the clip region is the composite of the application-defined "user clip" and the "device clip" enforced by the system's software and hardware implementation. Application software can take advantage of this clip information to save computation time, energy, and memory, avoiding work related to pixels that aren't visible.
In 3D graphics
In three-dimensional graphics, the terminology of clipping can be used to describe many related features. Typically, "clipping" refers to operations in the plane that work with rectangular shapes, and "culling" refers to more general methods to selectively process scene model elements. This terminology is not rigid, and exact usage varies among many sources.
Scene model elements include geometric primitives: points or vertices; line segments or edges; polygons or faces; and more abstract model objects such as curves, splines, surfaces, and even text. In complicated scene models, individual elements may be selectively disabled (clipped) for reasons including visibility within the viewport (frustum culling); orientation (backface culling), obscuration by other scene or model elements (occlusion culling, depth- or "z" clipping). Sophisticated algorithms exist to efficiently detect and perform such clipping. Many optimized clipping methods rely on specific hardware acceleration log |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurogamer | Eurogamer is a British video game journalism website launched in 1999 alongside parent company Gamer Network.
In 2008, it started in the formerly eponymous trade fair EGX (Eurogamer Expo until 2013) organised by its parent company. From 2013 to 2020, sister site USGamer ran independently under its parent company.
History
Eurogamer (initially stylised as EuroGamer was launched on 4 September 1999 under company Eurogamer Network. The founding team included John "Gestalt" Bye, the webmaster for the PlanetQuake website and a writer for British magazine PC Gaming World; Patrick "Ghandi" Stokes, a contributor for the website Warzone; and Rupert "rauper" Loman, who had organised the EuroQuake esports event for the game Quake.
Eurogamer hosts content from media outlet Digital Foundry since 2007, which was founded by Richard Leadbetter in 2004. In January 2008, Tom Bramwell overtook the role of editor-in-chief from Kristan Reed, remaining in that role until he resigned in November 2014. Afterwards Oli Welsh served as editor for Eurogamer, followed by Martin Robinson, with Tom Phillips now being the current Editor.
In February 2015, Eurogamer dropped its ten-point scale for review scores instead highlight some games the reviewer felt particularly strongly with labels such as 'Essential', 'Recommended' or 'Avoid'. The change was driven by doubt about the score system's usefulness and its desire to be delisted from review aggregator Metacritic because of its "unhealthy influence" on the games industry. In May 2023, Eurogamer returned to scoring reviews, opting for a five-point scale due to them being "universally understood, simple to take in at a glance, and easily shared."
In February 2018, Eurogamer's parent company, Gamer Network, was acquired by Reed Exhibitions, a division of RELX. In September 2021, the community forum for Eurogamer closed, with the site recommending other platforms such as Discord instead. In the same month, Eurogamer also launched a supporter program, offering readers an ad-free experience and access to paywalled content.
Regional websites
Eurogamer has several regional publications:
Eurogamer.cz for the Czech Republic.
Eurogamer.de for Germany; launched in co-operation with Extent Media on 24 August 2006 to coincide with that year's Games Convention exhibition.
Eurogamer.es for Spain.
Eurogamer Benelux for Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg (under Eurogamer.nl); launched in August 2008 and headed by Steven De Leeuw.
Eurogamer.pl for Poland.
Eurogamer.pt for Portugal; launched in partnership with LusoPlay in May 2008.
Former
Brasilgamer for Brazil; established in 2012.
Eurogamer.dk for Denmark; launched in June 2009 and headed by Kristian West.
Eurogamer.fr for France; launched as a joint venture with Microscoop in October 2007.
Eurogamer.it for Italy; closed in 2022.
Eurogamer.ro for Romania.
Eurogamer.se for Sweden; established in 2015, closed in 2016.
Reception
In 2018, it won Best Editorial Team at |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welchia | Welchia, also known as the "Nachi worm", is a computer worm that exploits a vulnerability in the Microsoft remote procedure call (RPC) service similar to the Blaster worm. However, unlike Blaster, it first searches for and deletes Blaster if it exists, then tries to download and install security patches from Microsoft that would prevent further infection by Blaster, so it is classified as a helpful worm. Welchia was successful in deleting Blaster, but Microsoft claimed that it was not always successful in applying their security patch.
This worm infected systems by exploiting vulnerabilities in Microsoft Windows system code (TFTPD.EXE and TCP on ports 666–765, and a buffer overflow of the RPC on port 135). Its method of infection is to create a remote shell and instruct the system to download the worm using TFTP.EXE. Specifically, the Welchia worm targeted machines running Windows XP. The worm used ICMP, and in some instances flooded networks with enough ICMP traffic to cause problems.
Once on the system, the worm patches the vulnerability it used to gain access (thereby actually securing the system against other attempts to exploit the same method of intrusion) and run its payload, a series of Microsoft patches. It then attempts to remove the Blaster Worm by deleting MSBLAST.EXE. If still in the system, the worm is programmed to self-remove on January 1, 2004, or after 120 days of processing, whichever comes first.
In September 2003, the worm was discovered on the US State Department's computer network, causing them to shut down their network for 9 hours for remediation.
See also
Helpful worm
Blaster (computer worm)
Sasser (computer worm)
Timeline of notable computer viruses and worms
References
External links
Symantec information on Welchia / Nachi
Exploit-based worms |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acta%20Universitatis%20Szegediensis | Acta Universitatis Szegediensis may refer to:
Acta Biologica Szegediensis
Acta Climatologica
Acta Cybernetica
Acta Juridica et Politica
Acta Scientiarum Mathematicarum
Analysis Mathematica
Electronic Journal of Qualitative Theory of Differential Equations
Tiscia, an Ecological Journal
University of Szeged |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigram%20%28programming%20language%29 | Epigram is a functional programming language with dependent types, and the integrated development environment (IDE) usually packaged with the language. Epigram's type system is strong enough to express program specifications. The goal is to support a smooth transition from ordinary programming to integrated programs and proofs whose correctness can be checked and certified by the compiler. Epigram exploits the Curry–Howard correspondence, also termed the propositions as types principle, and is based on intuitionistic type theory.
The Epigram prototype was implemented by Conor McBride based on joint work with James McKinna. Its development is continued by the Epigram group in Nottingham, Durham, St Andrews, and Royal Holloway, University of London in the United Kingdom (UK). The current experimental implementation of the Epigram system is freely available together with a user manual, a tutorial and some background material. The system has been used under Linux, Windows, and macOS.
It is currently unmaintained, and version 2, which was intended to implement Observational Type Theory, was never officially released but exists in GitHub.
Syntax
Epigram uses a two-dimensional, natural deduction style syntax, with versions in LaTeX and ASCII. Here are some examples from The Epigram Tutorial:
Examples
The natural numbers
The following declaration defines the natural numbers:
The declaration says that Nat is a type with kind * (i.e., it is a simple type) and two constructors: zero and suc. The constructor suc takes a single Nat argument and returns a Nat. This is equivalent to the Haskell declaration "data Nat = Zero | Suc Nat".
In LaTeX, the code is displayed as:
The horizontal-line notation can be read as "assuming (what is on the top) is true, we can infer that (what is on the bottom) is true." For example, "assuming n is of type Nat, then suc n is of type Nat." If nothing is on the top, then the bottom statement is always true: "zero is of type Nat (in all cases)."
Recursion on naturals
...And in ASCII:
Addition
...And in ASCII:
Dependent types
Epigram is essentially a typed lambda calculus with generalized algebraic data type extensions, except for two extensions. First, types are first-class entities, of type ; types are arbitrary expressions of type , and type equivalence is defined in terms of the types' normal forms. Second, it has a dependent function type; instead of , , where is bound in to the value that the function's argument (of type ) eventually takes.
Full dependent types, as implemented in Epigram, are a powerful abstraction. (Unlike in Dependent ML, the value(s) depended upon may be of any valid type.) A sample of the new formal specification capabilities dependent types bring may be found in The Epigram Tutorial.
See also
ALF, a proof assistant among the predecessors of Epigram.
Further reading
External links
EPSRC on ALF, lego and related; archived version from 2006
References
Academic pro |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20Documentation%20Initiative | The Data Documentation Initiative (also known as DDI) is an international standard for describing surveys, questionnaires, statistical data files, and social sciences study-level information. This information is described as metadata by the standard.
Begun in 1995, the effort brings together data professionals from around the world to develop the standard. The DDI specification, most often expressed in XML, provides a format for content, exchange, and preservation of questionnaire and data file information. DDI supports the description, storage, and distribution of social science data, creating an international specification that is machine-actionable and web-friendly.
Version 2 (also called "Codebook") of the DDI standard has been implemented in the Dataverse data repository and the data archives of the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. The latest version 3.3 (also called "Lifecycle") of the DDI standard was released in 2020.
Member Institutions
See also
Colectica
Metadata standards
References
External links
DDI Project
Official website
DDI Tools
Related software/tools
Colectica
CSM's XCONVERT
IHSN Microdata Management Toolkit
Nesstar Publisher (development was discontinued and Nesstar reached end-of-life status in 2022)
SDA to XML
SPSSOMS2DDI
The Dataverse Project
Scholars Portal's Dataverse Data Explorer v.2
Rich Data Services.
Metadata standards
Statistical data coding |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MapInfo%20Interchange%20Format | MapInfo Interchange Format is a map and database exporting file format of
MapInfo software product. The MIF-file filename usually ends with .mif-suffix.
Some MIF-files also have a related MID-file. The filename of a MID-file usually ends
with .mid-suffix.
See also
MapInfo TAB format
External links
MapInfo Data Interchange Format
GIS file formats |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network%20tap | A network tap is a system that monitors events on a local network. A tap is typically a dedicated hardware device, which provides a way to access the data flowing across a computer network.
The network tap has (at least) three ports: an A port, a B port, and a monitor port. A tap inserted between A and B passes all traffic (send and receive data streams) through unimpeded in real time, but also copies that same data to its monitor port, enabling a third party to listen.
Network taps are commonly used for network intrusion detection systems, VoIP recording, network probes, RMON probes, packet sniffers, and other monitoring and collection devices and software that require access to a network segment. Taps are used in security applications because they are non-obtrusive, are not detectable on the network (having no physical or logical address), can deal with full-duplex and non-shared networks, and will usually pass through or bypass traffic even if the tap stops working or loses power.
Terminology
The term network tap is analogous to phone tap or vampire tap. Some vendors define TAP as an acronym for test access point or terminal access point; however, those are backronyms.
The monitored traffic is sometimes referred to as the pass-through traffic, while the ports that are used for monitoring are the monitor ports. There may also be an aggregation port for full-duplex traffic, wherein the A traffic is aggregated with the B traffic, resulting in one stream of data for monitoring the full-duplex communication. The packets must be aligned into a single stream using a time-of-arrival algorithm.
Vendors will tend to use terms in their marketing such as breakout, passive, aggregating, regeneration, bypass, active, inline power, and others; Unfortunately, vendors do not use such terms consistently. Before buying any product it is important to understand the available features, and check with vendors or read the product literature closely to figure out how marketing terms correspond to reality. All of the "vendor terms" are common within the industry, have real definitions and are valuable points of consideration when buying a tap device.
A distributed tap is a set of network taps that report to a centralized monitoring system or packet analyzer.
Tapping technology methods
There are various methods for monitoring a network. Many tapping methods can be used, according to the network technology, the monitoring objective, the resources available and the size of the target network. Various methods will be developed below.
Tapping by software
This type of tapping focuses on tapping by making use of software, and without making any significant change on an infrastructures hardware. This type of tapping is often the cheapest one to implement, but it needs several implementations to give a truly complete look of the network.
Monitoring software
The simplest type of monitoring is logging into an interesting device and running programs or commands that |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korg%20KARMA | The Korg KARMA music workstation was released in 2001 as a specialised member of the Korg Triton family. KARMA stands for Kay's Algorithmic Real-time Music Architecture. The unit features up to 62 note polyphony and is 16-part multitimbral. Its sound engine is based on the Korg Triton workstation, although it has fewer features.
Construction
The center section is made of brushed aluminum, and the side cheeks are constructed from plastic.
Sequencer
The unit also features a 16-track sequencer with a maximum storage of 200,000 events and 200 songs
Drum kits
413 drum sounds
55 drum kits
16 User drum kits
Expansions
KORG KARMA's presets can be expanded with KORG EXB cards such as EXB-PCM01 (Pianos/Classic Keyboards), EXB-PCM02 (Studio Essentials), EXB-PCM03 (Future Loop Construction), EXB-PCM04 (Dance Extreme), EXB-PCM05 (Vintage Archives), EXB-PCM06/07 (Orchestral Collection), EXB-PCM08 (Concert Grand Piano), EXB-PCM09 (Trance Attack).
Moreover, the sound engine can be extended using the valuable 6-voice DSP tone generator derived from the KORG Z1 - EXB-MOSS.
Notable users
Rick Wakeman
Phil Collins
Herbie Hancock
Peter Gabriel
Vangelis
Yes
Pete Townshend
Keith Emerson
Jean-Michel Jarre
Tuomas Holopainen
Jordan Rudess
References
External links
Korg Website
Karma-Lab Website - Korg KARMA page
Karma-Lab Wiki - Korg KARMA articles
Karma-Lab Korg KARMA Video and Audio clips
KARMA
Music workstations
Synthesizers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam%20Robards | Sam Prideaux Robards (born December 16, 1961) is an American actor. He is best known for his film roles in American Beauty (1999) and A.I. Artificial Intelligence (2001). For his performance in the Broadway production of The Man Who Had All the Luck, he received a nomination for the Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play.
Early life
Robards was born in New York City, the son of actor Jason Robards (1922–2000) and actress Lauren Bacall (1924–2014). He is the only child from their marriage, though he has seven half-siblings; five through his father (three elder, two younger), and through his mother's marriage to Humphrey Bogart, half-siblings Stephen Humphrey and Leslie Bogart. Robards was seven when his parents divorced, which Bacall later blamed on the elder Robards' alcoholism. Robards recalled he was devastated by the divorce, and said he was raised "basically alone." Afterwards, he resided with his mother in New York. Several years after the divorce, Sam moved to Europe with his mother and for a time lived in London, where he attended the American School in London, later returning to New York City, where he attended Collegiate School.
Robards attended Sarah Lawrence College, but was expelled after his freshman year due to poor grades and bad behavior. In the fall of 1980, he attended the National Theater Institute at the Eugene O'Neill Theater Center in Waterford, Connecticut.
Career
Robards began his acting career in 1980 in an off-Broadway production of Album, and made his feature-film debut in director Paul Mazursky's 1982 film Tempest. In 1985, Robards starred alongside Kevin Costner and future wife Suzy Amis in Fandango. Robards acted opposite his father in the 1988 film Bright Lights, Big City, which was their only collaboration before his death in 2000. Also in 1988, he was cast in the lead role of Kevin Keegan in the CBS drama TV 101 which was scheduled opposite top-10 shows Roseanne and Matlock; the series was cancelled amidst a controversial abortion story line.
In 1990, he played the role of Chris Elliott's friend, Larry, on the Fox sitcom Get a Life, but left after the first season. In 1994, Robards starred in two films: Robert Altman's film Prêt-à-Porter, where he was a part of an ensemble that included his mother; and Alan Rudolph's biographical film of Dorothy Parker, Mrs. Parker and the Vicious Circle, where he portrayed the first editor of The New Yorker, Harold Ross.
In 2002, Robards received acclaim for his performance as Gustav Eberson in the Broadway revival of Arthur Miller's The Man Who Had All the Luck, winning the Clarence Derwent Award and earning nominations for the Tony Award and Drama Desk Award. In July 2008, he took over the role of Richard Hannay in the Broadway run of The 39 Steps.
His film credits also include Casualties of War, Beautiful Girls, American Beauty, A.I. Artificial Intelligence, Life as a House, The Other Side of the Tracks, and The Art of Getting By.
Robards's television credits inc |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Average%20bitrate | In telecommunications, average bitrate (ABR) refers to the average amount of data transferred per unit of time, usually measured per second, commonly for digital music or video. An MP3 file, for example, that has an average bit rate of 128 kbit/s transfers, on average, 128,000 bits every second. It can have higher bitrate and lower bitrate parts, and the average bitrate for a certain timeframe is obtained by dividing the number of bits used during the timeframe by the number of seconds in the timeframe. Bitrate is not reliable as a standalone measure of audio or video quality, since more efficient compression methods use lower bitrates to encode material at a similar quality.
Average bitrate can also refer to a form of variable bitrate (VBR) encoding in which the encoder will try to reach a target average bitrate or file size while allowing the bitrate to vary between different parts of the audio or video. As it is a form of variable bitrate, this allows more complex portions of the material to use more bits and less complex areas to use fewer bits. However, bitrate will not vary as much as in variable bitrate encoding. At a given bitrate, VBR is usually higher quality than ABR, which is higher quality than CBR (constant bitrate). ABR encoding is desirable for users who want the general benefits of VBR encoding (an optimum bitrate from frame to frame) but with a relatively predictable file size. Two-pass encoding is usually needed for accurate ABR encoding, as on the first pass the encoder has no way of knowing what parts of the audio or video need the highest bitrates to be encoded.
See also
Variable bitrate
Constant bitrate
References
External links
.
.
Codecs |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicore | Unicore is the name of a computer instruction set architecture designed by the Microprocessor Research and Development Center (MPRC) of Peking University in the PRC. The computer built on this architecture is called the Unity-863.
The CPU is integrated into a fully functional SoC to make a PC-like system.
The processor is very similar to the ARM architecture, but uses a different instruction set.
It is supported by the Linux kernel as of version 2.6.39.
Support will be removed in Linux kernel version 5.9 as nobody seems to maintain it and the code is falling behind the rest of the kernel code and compiler requirements.
Instruction set
The instructions are almost identical to the standard ARM formats, except that conditional execution has been removed, and the bits reassigned to expand all the register specifiers to 5 bits. Likewise, the immediate format is 9 bits rotated by a 5-bit amount (rather than 8 bit rotated by 4), the load/store offset sizes are 14 bits for byte/word and 10 bits for signed byte or half-word. Conditional moves are provided by encoding the condition in the (unused by ARM) second source register field Rn for MOV and MVN instructions.
The meaning of various flag bits (such as S=1 enables setting the condition codes) is identical to the ARM instruction set. The load/store multiple instruction can only access half of the register set, depending on the H bit. If H=0, the 16 bits indicate R0–R15; if H=1, R16–R31.
References
Instruction processing
Instruction set architectures
Science and technology in China |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elite%20Systems | Elite Systems is a British video game developer and publisher established in 1984 as Richard Wilcox Software. It is known for producing home computer conversions of popular arcade games. Elite also published compilations of games on the Hit-Pak label and budget price re-releases on the Encore label.
History
Under the name Richard Wilcox Software, only one title was published: Blue Thunder for the ZX Spectrum, Atari 8-bit and Commodore 64. In August 1984, the group was relaunched as Elite Systems, expanding the team to include graphic designers Rory Green and Jon Harrison; programmers Neil A. Bate, Chris Harvey, Andy Williams and Stephen Lockley; administrators Paul Smith and Pat Maisey; and Wilcox's brother Steve handled sales and marketing. Its first release under the new Elite Systems label was Kokotoni Wilf, which also carried the first of their anti-counterfeiting holograms on the cassette inlay card.
By 1986, the company was developing many home computer licenses of arcade machines. Their Aldridge-based headquarters housed a row of arcade cabinets for games that were being converted. Their hardware had been hacked so the team could analyse the games to ensure an accurate, licensed conversion. Three of their conversions, Commando, Ghosts 'n Goblins and Paperboy, were among the UK's top ten best-selling home video games of 1986.
At the 1986 Golden Joystick Awards, Elite was awarded "Software House of the Year" by Computer and Video Games magazine and received a "Game of the Year" award for Paperboy from the British software industry the following year.
Elite launched its first budget label, £2.99 Classics in July 1986 achieving chart success with re-releases of older titles from other software houses such as Scuba Dive, Full Throttle and Skool Daze. The label was closed before the end of the year when developers took legal action against the company for non-payment of royalties. A new budget label, Encore, was launched in 1988 with its first 5 titles, Airwolf, Bomb Jack, Battleships, Saboteur, and Frank Bruno's Boxing all coming from Elite's back-catalogue.
Elite Systems began creating video games for the NES and Game Boy in the early 1990s through its associated development house MotiveTime.
In 2010, the company began selling versions of classic ZX Spectrum games licensed from the original developers for iOS and Android systems and in January 2014 they announced plans to crowdfund a Spectrum-themed bluetooth keyboard, the Recreated ZX Spectrum, that would attach to mobile devices. Elite Systems took down the ZX Spectrum: Elite Collection app the following month, due to complaints from authors that they had never been paid royalties. Steve Wilcox responded in a statement on their website where he claimed he was "working towards" making all outstanding payments with 28 days and that the games were being withdrawn from sale in the meantime.
In April 2014, it was reported that Elite Systems had fully repaid the overdue royalties and canc |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.