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README.md
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license: apache-2.0
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task_categories:
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- robotics
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tags:
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- LeRobot
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],
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"names":
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---
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license: apache-2.0
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task_categories:
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- robotics
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tags:
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- LeRobot
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- tactile
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- so101
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- paxini
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configs:
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- config_name: default
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data_files: data/*/*.parquet
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language:
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- en
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pretty_name: SoTac
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size_categories:
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- 10K<n<100K
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---
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# SoTac — SO-101 Tactile Manipulation Corpus
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SoTac is a growing corpus of visuo-tactile teleoperation demonstrations recorded on an
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SO-101 arm with dual 3-axis tactile fingertip sensors. Every 30 Hz observation carries a
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full per-taxel force map for both fingertips, and every episode ships with the raw
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~91 Hz tactile stream as a sidecar — no downsampling at record time.
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Created using [LeRobot](https://github.com/huggingface/lerobot) (via the
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[lerobotac](https://github.com/Jingyi-Z/lerobotac) sensor fork).
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<a class="flex" href="https://jingyi-z-lerobotac-dataset-visualizer.hf.space/Jingyi-Z/sotac/0">
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<img class="block dark:hidden" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/badges/resolve/main/visualize-this-dataset-xl.svg"/>
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<img class="hidden dark:block" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/badges/resolve/main/visualize-this-dataset-xl-dark.svg"/>
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</a>
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Use the button above — it opens the [LeRobotAC tactile visualizer](https://huggingface.co/spaces/Jingyi-Z/lerobotac-dataset-visualizer)
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with per-taxel 3D force arrows, contact timelines, and the raw 91 Hz stream panels.
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The standard LeRobot viewer does not render the tactile data.
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## Contents
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SoTac is actively growing — new tasks, objects, and sensors will be added over time.
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Current release (2026-08-18): 62 episodes / 35,412 frames (~20 min) across
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3 pick-and-place tasks:
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| task | episodes | episode # |
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|---|---|---|
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| Pick up the red foam ball and place it into the container | 25 | 0–9, 47–61 |
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| Pick up the orange rubber ball and place it into the container | 17 | 10–26 |
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| Pick up the red cup and place it on top of the container | 20 | 27–46 |
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Grip forces span gentle (~4–10 N peak) to firm (~50 N peak) handling across sessions.
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**Data collection**: episodes 0–9 & 27–31 by Jingming Zhang, episodes 10–26 by
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Yuzhou Wang, episodes 32–61 by Jingyi Zou.
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## Hardware
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- **Robot**: SO-101 follower arm, teleoperated with an SO-101 leader arm
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- **Cameras**: wrist + top, 640×480 @ 30 fps (MJPG)
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- **Tactile**: 2× Paxini PX-6AX GEN3 (DP-S2015-Elite) fingertip pads on a shared
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High-Speed Communication Board — 52 taxels per pad, 3-axis force per taxel,
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0.1 N/LSB, ~91 Hz effective rate for both pads together. Firmware zeroing at
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connect. Finger `[0]` = gripper-side pad (module 10), finger `[1]` =
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wrist-roll-side pad (module 18).
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## Data format
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Standard [LeRobot](https://github.com/huggingface/lerobot) v3.0 dataset, plus one
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extra feature and one extra directory:
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**`observation.sensors.paxini_fingertip`** — float32, shape `(2, 52, 3)`:
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the latest raw tactile sample per finger at each 30 Hz observation
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(fingers × taxels × [fx, fy, fz], in units of 0.1 N). Per-taxel (x, y, z) mm
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coordinates for the GEN3 layout are available in
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[paxini-sdk](https://github.com/Jingyi-Z/paxini-sdk).
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**`sensors/paxini_fingertip/episode_XXXXXX/`** — raw ~91 Hz stream sidecars:
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- `sensor_1.csv`, `sensor_2.csv` (fingers 0 and 1): 163 columns —
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`timestamp_ns, frame_status, time_calibration_offset_ns, calibrated_timestamp_ns,
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fx, fy, fz, p_00_fx … p_51_fz` (resultant force followed by 52 per-taxel triplets)
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- `alignment.json`: episode-start epoch timestamp (`time.time_ns`) anchoring the raw
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stream to frame 0 of the 30 Hz main table
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## Collection protocol
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Episodes start with the gripper open and the pads contact-free (calibration reference).
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The operator and leader arm are kept out of both camera views. Object placement is
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varied between episodes.
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## Tooling
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- Recording: [lerobotac](https://github.com/Jingyi-Z/lerobotac) (`hall-sensor` branch) —
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LeRobot fork with a sensor framework; the `paxini` sensor's `combined` output mode +
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`record_raw_csv` produced this dataset
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- Sensor SDK: [paxini-sdk](https://github.com/Jingyi-Z/paxini-sdk)
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- Visualization / annotation: [LeRobotAC Dataset Visualizer](https://huggingface.co/spaces/Jingyi-Z/lerobotac-dataset-visualizer)
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## Dataset Structure
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[meta/info.json](meta/info.json):
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```json
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{
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"codebase_version": "v3.0",
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"fps": 30,
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"features": {
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"action": {
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"dtype": "float32",
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"names": [
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"shoulder_pan.pos",
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"shoulder_lift.pos",
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"elbow_flex.pos",
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"wrist_flex.pos",
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"wrist_roll.pos",
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"gripper.pos"
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],
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"shape": [6]
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},
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"observation.state": {
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"dtype": "float32",
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"names": [
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"shoulder_pan.pos",
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"shoulder_lift.pos",
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"elbow_flex.pos",
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"wrist_flex.pos",
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"wrist_roll.pos",
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"gripper.pos"
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],
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"shape": [6]
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},
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"observation.images.wrist": {
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"dtype": "video",
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"shape": [480, 640, 3],
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"names": ["height", "width", "channels"],
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"info": {
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"video.height": 480,
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"video.width": 640,
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"video.codec": "av1",
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"video.pix_fmt": "yuv420p",
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"video.is_depth_map": false,
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"video.fps": 30,
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"video.channels": 3,
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"has_audio": false
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}
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},
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"observation.images.top": {
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"dtype": "video",
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"shape": [480, 640, 3],
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"names": ["height", "width", "channels"],
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"info": {
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"video.height": 480,
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"video.width": 640,
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"video.codec": "av1",
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"video.pix_fmt": "yuv420p",
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"video.is_depth_map": false,
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"video.fps": 30,
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"video.channels": 3,
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"has_audio": false
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}
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},
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"observation.sensors.paxini_fingertip": {
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"dtype": "float32",
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"shape": [2, 52, 3],
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"names": ["finger", "taxel", "axis"]
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},
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"timestamp": {"dtype": "float32", "shape": [1], "names": null},
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"frame_index": {"dtype": "int64", "shape": [1], "names": null},
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"episode_index": {"dtype": "int64", "shape": [1], "names": null},
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"index": {"dtype": "int64", "shape": [1], "names": null},
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"task_index": {"dtype": "int64", "shape": [1], "names": null}
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},
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"total_episodes": 62,
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"total_frames": 35412,
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"total_tasks": 3,
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"chunks_size": 1000,
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"data_files_size_in_mb": 100,
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"video_files_size_in_mb": 200,
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"data_path": "data/chunk-{chunk_index:03d}/file-{file_index:03d}.parquet",
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"video_path": "videos/{video_key}/chunk-{chunk_index:03d}/file-{file_index:03d}.mp4",
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"robot_type": "so_sensor_follower",
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"splits": {
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"train": "0:62"
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}
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}
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```
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## Citation
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```bibtex
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@misc{zou2026sotac,
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author = {Zou, Jingyi},
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title = {SoTac: An SO-101 Tactile Manipulation Corpus},
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year = {2026},
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howpublished = {\url{https://huggingface.co/datasets/Jingyi-Z/sotac}}
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}
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```
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