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the high-speed variability of the local water vapor content in the earth atmosphere is a significant contributor to ground-based wavefront quality throughout the infrared domain. unlike dry air, water vapor is highly chromatic, especially in the mid-infrared. this means that adaptive optics correction in the visible or... | impact of water vapor seeing on mid-infrared high-contrast imaging at elt scale |
search engines play a central role in routing political information to citizens. the algorithmic personalization of search results by large search engines like google implies that different users may be offered systematically different information. however, measuring the causal effect of user characteristics and behavi... | personalization of web search during the 2020 us elections |
precise synchronization between a transmitter and receiver is crucial for quantum communications protocols such as quantum key distribution (qkd) to efficiently correlate the transmitted and received signals and increase the signal-to-noise ratio. in this work, we introduce a synchronization technique that exploits a c... | synchronization of quantum communications over an optical classical communications channel |
a significant geographical feature in qatar is represented by aeolian sand dunes, which cover approximately 12 % of the country's total surface area and are well-developed in the southern region. this study aims to enhance our understanding of qatari sand dunes by investigating their textural parameters, chemical compo... | physicochemical characterization and origin of aeolian sand dunes in southeastern qatar: a comparative study with mediterranean sand dunes |
the photoionization-driven evaporation of planetary atmospheres has emerged as a potentially fundamental process for planets on short-period orbits. while 1d studies have proven the effectiveness of stellar fluxes at altering the atmospheric mass and composition for sub-jupiter mass planets, there remains much that is ... | photoevaporative flows from exoplanet atmospheres: a 3d radiative hydrodynamic parameter study |
context. despite being a prominent subset of the exoplanet population discovered in the past three decades, the nature and provenance of sub-neptune-sized planets is still one of the open questions in exoplanet science.aims: for planets orbiting bright stars, precisely measuring the orbital and planet parameters of the... | precise mass determination for the keystone sub-neptune planet transiting the mid-type m dwarf g 9-40 |
titan's thick atmosphere is primarily composed of nitrogen and methane. complex chemistry happening in titan's atmosphere produces optically thick organic hazes. these hazes play significant roles in titan's atmosphere and on its surface, and their optical properties are crucial for understanding many processes happeni... | optical constants of a titan haze analog from 0.4 to 3.5 μm determined using vacuum spectroscopy |
pymiedap (the python mie doubling-adding programme) is a python-based tool for computing the total linearly and circularly polarized fluxes of incident unpolarized sunlight or starlight that is reflected by solar system planets or moons, respectively, or by exoplanets at a range of wavelengths. the radiative transfer c... | pymiedap: a python-fortran tool for computing fluxes and polarization signals of (exo)planets |
a defining characteristic of the planet venus is its thick, co2-dominated atmosphere. despite over 50 years of robotic exploration of venus, including thirteen successful atmospheric probes and landers, our knowledge of n2, the second most abundant compound in the atmosphere, is highly uncertain1. we report the first m... | chemically distinct regions of venus's atmosphere revealed by measured n2 concentrations |
ultrashort period planets offer a window into the poorly understood interior composition of exoplanets through material evaporated from their rocky interiors. among these objects are a class of disintegrating planets, observed when their dusty tails transit in front of their host stars. these dusty tails are thought to... | dust formation in the outflows of catastrophically evaporating planets |
aims: we investigate the impact of updated atmospheric mean opacity input values on modelled transit radius and the distribution of interior layer mass fractions.methods: we developed and applied a coupled interior-atmosphere model. our straightforward semi-grey calculation of atmospheric temperature enables us to perf... | effect of improved atmospheric opacities in modelling sub-neptunes. a case study for gj 1214 b |
on our way toward the characterization of smaller and more temperate planets, missions dedicated to the spectroscopic observation of exoplanets will teach us about the wide diversity of classes of planetary atmospheres, many of them probably having no equivalent in the solar system. but what kind of atmospheres can we ... | on the (anticipated) diversity of terrestrial planet atmospheres |
we investigate the potential for the james webb space telescope (jwst) to detect and characterize the atmospheres of the sub-neptunian exoplanets in the toi-270 system. sub-neptunes are considered more likely to be water worlds than gas dwarfs. we model their atmospheres using three atmospheric compositions - two examp... | properties of sub-neptune atmospheres: toi-270 system |
the james webb space telescope (jwst)’s large aperture and wide wavelength coverage will enable it to collect the highest-quality transit spectra observed so far. for exoplanetary atmospheres we expect to retrieve the abundance of the most abundant molecules, such as h2o, co, and ch4. other molecules, such as h2s and p... | modeling synthetic spectra for transiting extrasolar giant planets: detectability of h2s and ph3 with the james webb space telescope |
this is an exciting era for exo-planetary exploration. the recently launched jwst, and other upcoming space missions such as ariel, twinkle, and elts are set to bring fresh insights to the convoluted processes of planetary formation and evolution and its connections to atmospheric compositions. however, with new opport... | esa-ariel data challenge neurips 2022: introduction to exo-atmospheric studies and presentation of the atmospheric big challenge (abc) database |
we conducted laboratory experiments to study the chemistry in hot jupiter atmospheres with a c/o ratio of 0.35. we compared our results with the ones obtained previously for atmospheres with a c/o ratio of 1 to investigate the influence of the c/o ratio on the chemistry and formation of photochemical organic aerosol. w... | influence of c/o ratio on hot jupiter atmospheric chemistry |
we are using archived data from hst of transiting exoplanet l 98-59 b to place constraints on its potentially hot atmosphere. we analyze the data from five transit visits and extract the final combined transmission spectrum using iraclis. then we use the inverse atmospheric retrieval code taurex to analyze the combined... | hubble wfc3 spectroscopy of the rocky planet l 98-59 b: no evidence for a cloud-free primordial atmosphere |
the reflected light signal from a planet throughout its orbit is a powerful probe of a planet’s atmospheric properties. there are a number of planets that are amenable to reflected light phase curve studies with present and future space-based instrumentation and here we assess our ability to characterize these worlds. ... | reflected light phase curves in the tess era |
hd 106315 and gj 9827 are two bright, nearby stars that host multiple super-earths and sub-neptunes discovered by k2 that are well suited for atmospheric characterization. we refined the planets' ephemerides through spitzer transits, enabling accurate transit prediction required for future atmospheric characterization ... | physical parameters of the multiplanet systems hd 106315 and gj 9827 |
the ariel space telescope will provide a large and diverse sample of exoplanet spectra, performing spectroscopic observations of about 1000 exoplanets in the wavelength range 0.5-7.8 μm. in this paper, we investigate the information content of ariel's reconnaissance survey low-resolution transmission spectra. among the... | alfnoor: assessing the information content of ariel's low-resolution spectra with planetary population studies |
a number of transiting exoplanets have featureless transmission spectra that might suggest the presence of clouds at high altitudes. a realistic cloud model is necessary to understand the atmospheric conditions under which such high-altitude clouds can form. in this study, we present a new cloud model that takes into a... | a condensation-coalescence cloud model for exoplanetary atmospheres: formulation and test applications to terrestrial and jovian clouds |
exploring diverse planetary atmospheres requires modeling tools that are both accurate and flexible. here, we develop a three-dimensional general circulation model (3d gcm) that, for the first time, uses a line-by-line approach to describe the radiative transfer. we validate our gcm by comparing with published results ... | a new line-by-line general circulation model for simulations of diverse planetary atmospheres: initial validation and application to the exoplanet gj 1132b |
π men c was recently announced as the first confirmed exoplanet from the tess mission. the planet has a radius of just 2 r⊕ and it transits a nearby sun-like star of naked-eye brightness, making it the ideal target for atmospheric characterization of a super-earth. here we analyse archival rosat and swift observations ... | the xuv irradiation and likely atmospheric escape of the super-earth π men c |
super-earths span a wide range of bulk densities, indicating a diversity in interior conditions beyond that seen in the solar system. in particular, an emerging population of low-density super-earths may be explained by volatile-rich interiors. among these, low-density lava worlds have dayside temperatures that are hig... | rocky planet or water world? observability of low-density lava world atmospheres |
future space-based direct imaging missions will perform low-resolution (r < 100) optical (0.3-1 μm) spectroscopy of planets, thus enabling reflected spectroscopy of cool giants. reflected light spectroscopy is encoded with rich information about the scattering and absorbing properties of planet atmospheres. given th... | cloud parameterizations and their effect on retrievals of exoplanet reflection spectroscopy |
the james webb space telescope (jwst) will provide moderate-resolution transit spectra with continuous wavelength coverage from the optical to the mid-infrared for the first time. in this paper, we illustrate how different aerosol species, size distributions, and spatial distributions encode information in the jwst tra... | jwst transit spectra. ii. constraining aerosol species, particle-size distributions, temperature, and metallicity for cloudy exoplanets |
we present the on-orbit performance of the colorado ultraviolet transit experiment (cute). cute is a 6u cubesat that launched on 2021 september 27 and is obtaining near-ultraviolet (nuv; 2480 å-3306 å) transit spectroscopy of short-period exoplanets. the instrument comprises a 20 cm × 8 cm rectangular cassegrain telesc... | the on-orbit performance of the colorado ultraviolet transit experiment mission |
the escaping atmospheres of hydrogen driven by stellar x-ray and extreme ultraviolet (xuv) have been detected around some exoplanets by the excess absorption of lyα in the far-ultraviolet band. in the optical band the excess absorption of hα is also found by ground-based instruments. however, it is not certain if the e... | atmosphere escape inferred from modeling the hα transmission spectrum of wasp-121b |
high spectral resolution transmission spectroscopy is a powerful tool to characterize exoplanet atmospheres. especially for hot jupiters, this technique is highly relevant, due to their high-altitude absorption, e.g. from resonant sodium (na i) and potassium (k i) lines. we resolve the atmospheric k i absorption on hd1... | probing the atmosphere of hd189733b with the na i and k i lines |
direct imaging of widely separated exoplanets from space will obtain their reflected light spectra and measure their atmospheric properties, and small and temperate planets will be the focus for the next generation of telescopes. in this work, we used our bayesian retrieval algorithm ${{\rm\small{exorel}}}^{{\mathfrak{... | reflected spectroscopy of small exoplanets i: determining the atmospheric composition of sub-neptunes planets |
exoplanetary science continues to excite and surprise with its rich diversity. we discuss here some key aspects potentially influencing the range of exoplanetary terrestrial-type atmospheres which could exist in nature. we are motivated by newly emerging observations, refined approaches to address data degeneracies, im... | possible atmospheric diversity of low mass exoplanets - some central aspects |
we provide a new framework to model the day side and night side atmospheres of irradiated exoplanets using 1d radiative transfer by incorporating a self-consistent heat flux carried by circulation currents (winds) between the two sides. the advantages of our model are its physical motivation and computational efficienc... | coupled day-night models of exoplanetary atmospheres |
alkali metal lines are one of the most important key opacity sources for understanding exoplanetary atmospheres because the na i resonance doublets are thought to be the cause of low albedo, as the alkali metal's wide line wings absorb almost all of the incoming stellar irradiation. high-resolution transmission spectro... | investigation of the upper atmosphere in ultra-hot jupiter wasp-76 b with high-resolution spectroscopy |
terrestrial exoplanets orbiting m-dwarf stars are promising targets for transmission spectroscopy with existing or near-future instrumentation. the atmospheric composition of such rocky planets remains an open question, especially given the high x-ray and ultraviolet flux from their host m dwarfs that can drive atmosph... | high-resolution transmission spectroscopy of the terrestrial exoplanet gj 486b |
in fulfilling the aims of the planetary and asteroseismic research missions, such as that of the nasa transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) space telescope, accurate stellar atmospheric parameters and a detailed chemical composition are required as inputs. we have observed high-resolution spectra for all 848 bri... | chemical composition of bright stars in the northern hemisphere: star-planet connection |
half of the jwst high-contrast imaging objects will only have photometric data as of cycle 2. however, to better understand their atmospheric chemistry that informs formation origin, spectroscopic data are preferred. using hip 65426 b, we investigate to what extent planet properties and atmospheric chemical abundance c... | spectral retrieval with jwst photometric data: a case study for hip 65426 b |
in warm (equilibrium temperature <1000 k) gas giant exoplanet atmospheres, the observation of trace species in abundances deviating from thermochemical equilibrium predictions could be used as an indicator of disequilibrium chemical processes, such as photochemistry. to predict which compounds could be used as such ... | experimental investigation of the photochemical production of hydrocarbons in warm gas giant exoplanet atmospheres |
new-generation spectrographs dedicated to the study of exoplanetary atmospheres require a high accuracy in the atmospheric models to better interpret the input spectra. thanks to space missions such as james webb space telescope (jwst), ariel, and twinkle, the observed spectra will indeed cover a large wavelength range... | toward a multidimensional analysis of transmission spectroscopy. iii. modeling 2d effects in retrievals with taurex |
context. the variety of physical processes at play in chemically peculiar stars makes it difficult to determine their fundamental parameters. in particular, for the magnetic ones, called ap stars, the strong magnetic fields and the induced spotted stellar surfaces may lead to biased effective temperatures when these va... | benchmarking the fundamental parameters of ap stars with optical long-baseline interferometric measurements |
accurate atmospheric parameters and chemical composition of stars play a vital role in characterizing physical parameters of exoplanetary systems and understanding of their formation. a full asteroseismic characterization of a star is also possible if its main atmospheric parameters are known. the nasa transiting exopl... | chemical composition of bright stars in the continuous viewing zone of the tess space mission |
in the search for life on other planets, the presence of photosynthetic surface vegetation may be detectable from the colors of light it reflects, which on the modern earth is a steep increase in reflectance between the red and near-infrared wavelengths, a "red edge." this edge-like signature occurs at wavelengths of p... | the peak absorbance wavelength of photosynthetic pigments around other stars from spectral optimization |
the characterisation of giant exoplanets is crucial to constrain giant planet formation and evolution theory and for putting the solar-system's giant planets in perspective. typically, mass-radius (m-r) measurements of moderately irradiated warm jupiters are used to estimate the planetary bulk composition, which is an ... | warm giant exoplanet characterisation: current state, challenges and outlook |
ultrahot jupiters (uhjs) possess the most extreme environments among various types of exoplanets, making them ideal laboratories to study the chemical composition and kinetics properties of exoplanet atmosphere with high-resolution spectroscopy. it has the advantage of resolving the tiny doppler shift and weak signal f... | detection of rubidium and samarium in the atmosphere of the ultrahot jupiter mascara-4b |
the atmospheres of sub-neptunes are expected to exhibit considerable chemical diversity, beyond what is anticipated for gas-giant exoplanets. in the current study, we construct self-consistent radiative transfer and equilibrium chemistry models to explore this chemical diversity. we use gj 436 b as a case study to furt... | chemical diversity of the atmospheres and interiors of sub-neptunes: a case study of gj 436 b |
the exoplanet mass-radius diagram reveals that super-earths display a wide range of radii, and therefore mean densities, at a given mass. using planet population synthesis models, we explore the key physical factors that shape this distribution: planets' solid core compositions, and their atmospheric structure. for the... | formation of planetary populations - iii. core composition and atmospheric evaporation |
ultra-short-period (usp) planets are an enigmatic subset of exoplanets defined by having orbital periods <1 day. it is still not understood how usp planets form, or to what degree they differ from planets with longer orbital periods. most usp planets have radii <2 r⊕, while planets that orbit further from their s... | radius and mass distribution of ultra-short-period planets |
much remains to be understood about the nature of exoplanets smaller than neptune, most of which have been discovered in compact multi-planet systems. with its inner ultra-short period planet b aligned with the star and two larger outer planets d-c on polar orbits, the multi-planet system hd 3167 features a peculiar ar... | a cheops-enhanced view of the hd 3167 system |
while their detections remain challenging at present, observations of small terrestrial planets will become easier in a near future thanks to continuous improvements of detection and characterisation instruments. in this quest, climate modeling is a key step to understanding their characteristics, atmospheric compositi... | first exploration of the runaway greenhouse transition with a 3d general circulation model |
the detection and atmospheric characterization of super-earths is one of the major frontiers of exoplanetary science. currently, extensive efforts are underway to detect molecules, particularly h2o, in super-earth atmospheres. in the present work, we develop a systematic set of strategies to identify and observe potent... | optimal measures for characterizing water-rich super-earths |
we investigate the abiotic production of oxygen and its photochemical byproduct ozone through water vapor photolysis in moist atmospheres of temperate terrestrial exoplanets. the amount of water vapor available for photolysis in the middle atmosphere of a planet can be limited by an atmospheric cold-trap, the formation... | buildup of abiotic oxygen and ozone in moist atmospheres of temperate terrestrial exoplanets and its impact on the spectral fingerprint in transit observations |
for terrestrial exoplanets with thin or no atmospheres, the surface contributes light to the reflected light signal of the planet. measurement of the variety of disk-integrated brightnesses of bodies in the solar system and the variation with illumination and wavelength is essential for both planning imaging observatio... | reflected light observations of the galilean satellites from cassini: a test bed for cold terrestrial exoplanets |
the atmospheric metallicity greatly influences the composition of exoplanet atmospheres. the effect of metallicity on the thermochemical equilibrium is well studied, though its effect on the disequilibrium abundance is loosely constrained. in this study, we have used the quenching approximation to study the effect of m... | the effect of metallicity on the nonequilibrium abundance of hydrogen-dominated exoplanet atmospheres |
the physical characteristics and atmospheric chemical composition of newly discovered exoplanets are often inferred from their transit spectra which are obtained from complex numerical models of radiative transfer. alternatively, simple analytical expressions provide insightful physical intuition into the relevant atmo... | analytical modelling of exoplanet transit specroscopy with dimensional analysis and symbolic regression |
multiband photometric transit observations or low-resolution spectroscopy (spectro-photometry) are normally used to retrieve the broadband transmission spectra of transiting exoplanets in order to assess the chemical composition of their atmospheres. in this paper we present an alternative approach for recovering the b... | retrieving the transmission spectrum of hd 209458b using chocolate: a new chromatic doppler tomography technique |
photometric and spectroscopic time-series of chemically peculiar mercury-manganese (hgmn) stars show variability, which in most cases is interpreted as the effect of binarity or surface spots. until recently, pulsations have not been detected in these objects. however, the analysis of the transiting exoplanet survey sa... | seismic modelling of the pulsating mercury-manganese star hd 29589 |
the characterization of planetary atmospheres is a daunting task, pushing current observing facilities to their limits. the next generation of high-resolution spectrographs mounted on large telescopes - such as espresso@vlt and hires@elt - will allow us to probe and characterize exoplanetary atmospheres in greater deta... | recovering the colour-dependent albedo of exoplanets with high-resolution spectroscopy: from espresso to the elt |
studies of exoplanetary atmospheres have found no definite correlations between observed high-altitude aerosols and other system parameters. this could be, in part, because of the lack of homogeneous exoplanet samples for which specific parameters can be isolated and inspected. here, we present a set of seven exoplanet... | the similar seven: a set of very alike exoplanets to test correlations between system parameters and atmospheric properties |
we investigate the evolution of the deuterium-to-hydrogen (d/h) mass ratio driven by euv photoevaporation of hydrogen-rich atmospheres of close-in sub-neptunes around solar-type stars. for the first time, the diffusion-limited approach in conjunction with energy-limited photoevaporation is considered in evaluating deut... | deuterium escape on photoevaporating sub-neptunes |
irradiated jovian atmospheres are complex and dynamic and can undergo temporal variations due to the close proximity of their parent stars. of the jovian planets that have been cataloged to date, kelt-9b is the hottest gas giant known, with an equilibrium temperature of 4050 k. we probe the temporal variability of tran... | multiepoch detections of the extended atmosphere and transmission spectra of kelt-9b with a 1.5 m telescope |
the past twenty years have revealed the diversity of planets that exist in the universe. it turned out that most of exoplanets are different from the planets of our solar system and thus, everything about them needs to be explored. thanks to current observational technologies, we are able to determine some information ... | chemical modeling of exoplanet atmospheres |
the keck planet imager and characterizer (kpic) is a novel instrument that combines high-contrast imaging with high-resolution spectroscopy to enable high-dispersion coronagraphy (hdc) techniques that allow us to characterize directly imaged exoplanets at a spectral resolution of r~35,000. at this resolution, individua... | high resolution spectroscopy of directly imaged exoplanets with kpic |
organic haze and sulfur gases are ubiquitous in planetary atmospheres and were likely present in earth's archean atmosphere. currently, there are few experiments investigating how h2s influences organic haze chemistry on archean earth. here, we present results from laboratory haze-analog experiments probing the role of... | trace h2s promotes organic aerosol production and organosulfur compound formation in archean analog haze photochemistry experiments |
aims: we investigated the impact of selected cloud condensates in exoplanetary atmospheres on the polarization of scattered stellar radiation.methods: we considered a selection of 25 cloud condensates that are expected to be present in extrasolar planetary atmospheres. using the three-dimensional monte carlo radiative ... | polarimetric investigation of selected cloud compositions in exoplanetary atmospheres |
the search for signs of life on other worlds has largely focused on terrestrial planets. recent work, however, argues that life could exist in the atmospheres of temperate sub-neptunes. here we evaluate the usefulness of carbon dioxide isotopologues as evidence of aerial life. carbon isotopes are of particular interest... | can carbon fractionation provide evidence for aerial biospheres in the atmospheres of temperate sub-neptunes? |
planets reflect and linearly polarize the radiation that they receive from their host stars. the emergent polarization is sensitive to aspects of the planet’s atmosphere such as the gas composition and the occurrence of condensates and their optical properties. extracting this information will represent a major step in... | on mapping exoplanet atmospheres with high-dispersion spectro-polarimetry: some model predictions |
extremely low-density exoplanets are tantalizing targets for atmospheric characterization because of their promisingly large signals in transmission spectroscopy. we present the first analysis of the atmosphere of the lowest-density gas giant currently known, hat-p-67b. this inflated saturn-mass exoplanet sits at the b... | transmission spectroscopy of the lowest-density gas giant: metals and a potential extended outflow in hat-p-67b |
the atmospheric composition for a rocky exoplanet will depend strongly on the planet's bulk composition and orbital position. nontraditional gases may be present in the atmospheres of exceptionally hot planets. atmospheres of more clement planets will depend on the abundance of volatiles acquired during planet formatio... | the air over there: exploring exoplanet atmospheres |
we develop a new method for analytical inversion of binned exoplanet transit spectra and for retrieval of planet parameters. the method has a geometrical interpretation and treats each observed spectrum as a single vector $\overrightarrow{r}$ in the multidimensional spectral space of observed bin values. we decompose t... | transverse vector decomposition method for analytical inversion of exoplanet transit spectra |
previous studies of the exoplanet ltt 1445ac concluded that the light curve from the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) was consistent with both grazing and nongrazing geometries. as a result, the radius and hence density of the planet remained unknown. to resolve this ambiguity, we observed the ltt 1445 syst... | hst/wfc3 light curve supports a terrestrial composition for the closest exoplanet to transit an m dwarf |
this work presents theoretical studies that combine aspects of combustion and explosion theory with exoplanetary atmospheric science. super-earths could possess a large amount of molecular hydrogen depending on disk, planetary, and stellar properties. super-earths orbiting pre-main-sequence m-dwarf stars have been sugg... | limitation of atmospheric composition by combustion-explosion in exoplanetary atmospheres |
astrophysical measurements have shown that some stars have sufficiently high carbon-to-oxygen ratios such that the planets they host would be mainly composed of carbides instead of silicates. we studied the behavior of silicon carbide in the presence of water under the high pressure-temperature conditions relevant to p... | oxidation of the interiors of carbide exoplanets |
a laboratory emission spectrum of tio in the visible and near-infrared regions (476-1176 nm) has been calibrated and corrected. high-resolution experimental absorption cross sections for tio with natural isotopic abundance are provided at a temperature of about 2300 k. these cross sections have been compared with those... | measured optical absorption cross sections of tio |
the ionized form of atomic oxygen (o+) is the dominant ion species at the altitude of maximum electron density in only one of the many ionospheres in our solar system — earth's. this ionospheric composition would not be present if oxygenic photosynthesis was not an ongoing mechanism that continuously impacts the terres... | atomic oxygen ions as ionospheric biomarkers on exoplanets |
the study of extrasolar planets has rapidly expanded to encompass the search for new planets, measurements of sizes and masses, models of planetary interiors, planetary demographics and occurrence frequencies, the characterization of planetary orbits and dynamics, and studies of these worlds' complex atmospheres. our i... | exoplanet atmospheres and giant ground-based telescopes |
thermal emission has now been observed from dozens of exoplanet atmospheres, opening the gateway to population-level characterization. here, we provide theoretical explanations for observed trends in spitzer irac channel 1 (3.6 μm) and channel 2 (4.5 μm) photometric eclipse depths (eds) across a population of 34 hot ju... | why is it so hot in here? exploring population trends in spitzer thermal emission observations of hot jupiters using planet-specific, self-consistent atmospheric models |
because of their common origin, it was assumed that the composition of planet building blocks should, to a first order, correlate with stellar atmospheric composition, especially for refractory elements. in fact, information on the relative abundance of refractory and major rock-forming elements such as fe, mg, si has ... | composition of super-earths, super-mercuries, and their host stars |
transmission spectroscopy is among the most fruitful techniques to infer the main opacity sources present in the upper atmosphere of a transiting planet and to constrain the composition of the thermosphere and of the unbound exosphere. not having a public tool able to automatically extract a high-resolution transmissio... | characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres with sloppy |
jwst has recently detected the first robust photochemical product on an exoplanet: sulfur dioxide (so2) on wasp-39b. the data from the niriss instrument also reveal signs of partial coverage of clouds. most of the previous studies have focused on interpreting spectral data with 1d models. to explore how the chemical sp... | day-night transport-induced chemistry and clouds on wasp-39b: gas-phase composition |
currently, the analysis of transmission spectra is the most successful technique to probe the chemical composition of exoplanet atmospheres. however, the accuracy of these measurements is constrained by observational limitations and the diversity of possible atmospheric compositions. here, we show the uv-vis-ir transmi... | jupiter as an exoplanet: uv to nir transmission spectrum reveals hazes, a na layer, and possibly stratospheric h2o-ice clouds |
the wavelength-dependent transit depth indicates the atmosphere composition of an exoplanet. we analyze the transit depth of hats-5b using the data from the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) and compare the radius ratio of the planet to the star with the different band result in previous work. we generate a ... | wavelength dependent transit depth of hats-5b: a haze dominant atmosphere? |
the colorado ultraviolet transit experiment (cute) is a 6u cubesat housing a cassegrain telescope and a nea rultraviolet (nuv) spectrograph designed to study the composition and mass-loss rates of exoplanet atmospheres. this instrument covers a bandpass of 250 - 330 nm with a peak effective area of ~28 cm2 and a resolv... | development and characterization of the ccd detector for the colorado ultraviolet transit experiment (cute) cubesat |
jupiter’s atmosphere has been sounded in transmission from the uv to the ir, as if it were a transiting exoplanet, by observing ganymede while passing through jupiter’s shadow. the spectra show strong extinction due to the presence of aerosols and haze in jupiter’s atmosphere and strong absorption features of methane. ... | aerosols and water ice in jupiter’s stratosphere from uv-nir ground-based observations |
knudsen flow experiments and its interpretation in terms of adsorption/desorption kinetics as well as quantitative uptake on substrates of interest is presented together with the description of critical design parameters of the knudsen flow reactor (kfr). hitherto focused almost exclusively on the uptake phase exposing... | flowing gas experiments reveal mechanistic details of interfacial reactions on a molecular level at knudsen flow conditions |
using forward models for representative exoplanet atmospheres and a radiometric instrument model, we generated synthetic observational data to explore how well the major c- and o-bearing chemical species (co, co2, ch4, and h2o), important for determining atmospheric opacity and radiation balance, can be constrained by ... | quantifying the impact of spectral coverage on the retrieval of molecular abundances from exoplanet transmission spectra |
the discovery of almost two thousand exoplanets has revealed an unexpectedly diverse planet population. we see gas giants in few-day orbits, whole multi-planet systems within the orbit of mercury, and new populations of planets with masses between that of the earth and neptune—all unknown in the solar system. observati... | the echo science case |
we present a parametrization for the eddy diffusion profile of gas giant exoplanets based on physical phenomena and we explore how the parametrized eddy profile impacts the chemical composition, the thermal structure, the haze microphysics, and the transit spectra of eight hot-jupiters. our eddy parametrization depends... | a physically derived eddy parametrization for giant planet atmospheres with application on hot-jupiters |
the transmission spectrum of the ultrahot jupiter kelt-9b (t eq ~ 4000 k) exhibits absorption by several metal species. we searched for atomic and molecular lines in its emission spectrum by observing partial phase curves with the calar alto high-resolution search for m dwarfs with exoearths with near-infrared and opti... | high-resolution emission spectroscopy of the ultrahot jupiter kelt-9b: little variation in day- and nightside emission line contrasts |
we present an optical transmission spectrum of the hot jupiter wasp-101b. we observed three primary transits with hubble space telescope (hst)/space telescope imaging spectrograph, covering a wavelength range from 0.3 to 1 $\mu$m. the observations suffer from significant systematics that we model using gaussian process... | hst pancet programme: a flat optical transmission spectrum for the hot jupiter wasp-101b |
the exoplanet characterization observatory ( echo) is a concept of a dedicated space telescope optimized for low-resolution transit and occultation spectroscopy to study the exoplanet diversity through the composition of their atmospheres. the scope of this paper is to answer the following question: can we schedule a n... | scheduling the echo survey with known exoplanets |
inferring properties of exoplanets from their atmospheres presents technical challenges in data collection due to low resolution and low signal-to-noise ratio (s/n) and theoretical challenges in the predictions made from forward-modeling due to errors introduced via incomplete or inaccurate assumptions in atmospheric p... | inferring exoplanet disequilibria with multivariate information in atmospheric reaction networks |
one of the chief paradoxes of molecular oxygen (o2) is that it is an essential requirement for multicellular eukaryotes on earth while simultaneously posing a threat to their survival via the formation of reactive oxygen species. in this paper, the constraints imposed by o2 on earth-like complex life are invoked to exp... | implications of abiotic oxygen buildup for earth-like complex life |
we present the most complete emission spectrum for inflated hot jupiter hat-p-41b combining new hubble space telescope wide field camera/g141 spectrum from the hubble panchromatic comparative exoplanet treasury program with archival spitzer eclipse observations. we found a near blackbody-like emission spectrum, which i... | the hubble pancet program: emission spectrum of hot jupiter hat-p-41b |
sub-neptune exoplanets may have thick hydrogen envelopes and therefore develop a high-pressure interface between hydrogen and the underlying silicates/metals. some sub-neptunes may convert to super-earths via massive gas loss. if hydrogen chemically reacts with oxides and metals at high pressures and temperatures (p-t)... | reaction between hydrogen and ferrous/ferric oxides at high pressures and high temperatures-implications for sub-neptunes and super-earths |
oxygen is not only crucial for life as we know it but also forms the most abundant element in the outer layers of rocky planets in our own solar system and in exoplanetary systems orbiting other stars. models for rocky (exo)planets suggest that on the order of 50% of all atoms in their rocky shells are oxygen atoms. he... | oxygen controls on magmatism in rocky exoplanets |
accurate radiative transfer calculation is fundamental to all climate modelling. for deep palaeoclimate, and increasingly terrestrial exoplanet climate science, this brings both the joy and the challenge of exotic atmospheric compositions. the challenge here is that most standard radiation codes for climate modelling h... | the palaeoclimate and terrestrial exoplanet radiative transfer model intercomparison project (palaeotrip): experimental design and protocols |
the trappist-1 system provides an exquisite laboratory for advancing our understanding exoplanetary atmospheres, compositions, dynamics and architectures. a remarkable aspect of trappist-1 is that it represents the longest known resonance chain, where all seven planets share near mean motion resonances with their neigh... | predicting the orbit of trappist-1i |
because mass-loss rates are the function of the mean density of a planet and the stellar irradiation, we calculated about 450 models covering planets with different densities and stellar irradiation. our results show that the mass-loss rates are dependent on the stellar irradiation and the mean density. however, the ma... | the escape of the hydrogen-rich atmosphere of exoplanets: mass-loss rates and the absorption of stellar lyα |
deciphering the bulk elemental abundances of exoplanetary atmospheres is not an easy task, yet it is crucial to understanding the formation history of planets. the purpose of this work is to show that the observability of tio features at optical wavelengths in the transmission spectra of hot jupiter atmospheres is sens... | tracing bulk elemental ratios in exoplanetary atmospheres with tio chemistry |
we present hubble space telescope (hst) transit observations of the hot-jupiter wasp-79 b acquired with the space telescope imaging spectrograph (stis) in the near ultraviolet (nuv). two transit observations, part of the pancet program, are used to obtain the transmission spectra of the planet between 2280 and 3070 å. ... | the hubble pancet program: the near-ultraviolet transmission spectrum of wasp-79b |
atmospheric organic hazes are common in planetary bodies in our solar system and likely exoplanet atmospheres as well. in addition, geochemical data support the existence of an organic haze in the early earth's atmosphere. much of what is known about organic haze formation derives from studies of saturn's moon titan. i... | the impact of molecular oxygen on anion composition in a hazy archean earth atmosphere |
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