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in the coming decades, next generation space- and ground-based observatories may be capable of characterizing the atmospheres of terrestrial exoplanets and initiating the search for biosignatures. due to their size, abundance, and orbital geometries, m-dwarf stars will arguably be the best host candidates for character... | the effects of m-dwarf age-dependent ultraviolet activity on detecting and interpreting biosignatures |
it is shown that m-type stars have an extended habitable zone (hz) due to the tidal locking of their closely orbiting planets. it is found that liquid water can exist on such planets for a wide range of atmospheric properties, such as greenhouse heating, composition, density, horizontal heat transport, etc. this implie... | anextended habitable zone for m-dwarf stars |
astronomers have discovered a handful of exoplanets with rocky bulk compositions but orbiting so close to their host star that the surface of the planet must be at least partially molten. it is expected that the dayside of such "lava planets" harbors a rock vapor atmosphere that flows quickly towards the airless nights... | deep and chemically heterogeneous magma oceans on lava planets |
transit measurements of jovian-sized exoplanetary atmospheres allow one to study the composition of exoplanets, largely independent of the planet’s temperature profile. however, measurements of hot-jupiter transits must archive a level of accuracy in the flux to determine the spectral modulation of the exoplanetary atm... | independent component analysis applied to ground-based observations |
neat is a program aimed at acquiring, primarily with the jwst niriss soss mode, transit and eclipse observations of a large sample of exoplanets that span the full available range of equilibrium temperatures (300-3000 k) and masses (1 mearth-10 mjup) for planets amenable to atmospheric characterization. our observation... | niriss exploration of the atmospheric diversity of transiting exoplanets (neat) |
the past decade has seen significant progress in our understanding of giant planets. in our solar system, juno and cassini have measured with exquisite precision jupiter's and saturn's gravity and magnetic fields. oscillations have been detected in both planets, tentatively for jupiter, definitely for saturn. the depth... | peering below the giant planets' cloudy veils |
as we look up at the skies, humankind has always wondered, "are we alone?" only now are scientists and engineers designing instruments purpose-built to answer this question. our quest in the search for life on planets around other stars rests on our ability to measure the chemical composition of their atmospheres and u... | the search for life with the origins space telescope |
the high-contrast imaging technique is meant to provide insights into those planets orbiting far away from their host star (distance 1 au) so that their atmospheric temperature is low enough to show different chemical and dynamical behaviour (e.g. condensation mechanism, cold trap, etc.) than the well studied hot count... | exoplanet reflected light retrieval: what can we learn? |
here we present a new optical constant facility developed at nasa ames that will allow the determination of optical constants in the infrared of various materials, analogs of hazes and cloud particles in (exo)planet atmospheres and brown dwarfs. our facility is composed of a fourier transform infrared (ftir) spectromet... | the new nasa ames infrared optical constant facility. determinations for titan aerosol-, and exoplanet and brown dwarf cloud particle analogs |
the scarcity of geochemical constraints on the hadean climate limits our understanding of the planetary environment that gave rise to life on the earliest earth. i will describe how rocky exoplanets open a novel observational window into the geodynamic evolution of terrestrial worlds that is unavailable in the solar sy... | tectonics and magma oceanography of rocky exoplanets |
knowing the composition of the giant planets is important in understanding their formation and evolution history. the abundances of heavy elements, of noble gases, and isotope ratios reveals the physical and chemical conditions and processes that eventually led to their formation. the current knowledge of the composit... | composition measurements of uranus' atmosphere |
small exoplanets in the habitable zone of nearby red dwarf stars present a unique possibility to characterize habitable exoplanets within the next decade. trappist-1, an ultracool red dwarf star, was recently found to have seven earth-sized exoplanets, and three are in its habitable zone. constraints on the planetary m... | atmospheric photochemistry models of habitable-zone exoplanets in the trappist-1 system |
recent evidence suggests that aerosols may be a common component of exoplanet atmospheres (bean et al. 2010, sing et al. 2011, kreidberg et al 2014). we investigate the effects of varied types of clouds and hazes on the spectra of earth-analog and sub-neptune worlds around solar-type and m dwarf stars to observe how th... | the effects of clouds and hazes on the spectra of terrestrial and sub-neptune planets |
with the great success of the kepler space mission, our knowledge of exoplanets has been dramatically extended. nevertheless, ground based transit surveys pioneered the searching of transiting planets and developed many state-of-art techniques widely adopted by the transit community. the hatnet project is one of the mo... | aiming for the next bright super earth — synergies of ground and space based transiting planets survey |
in the quest for extra-terrestrial life, we have landed on the moon and sent rovers to other planets in the solar system. the discovery of the first jupiter-sized exoplanet, two decades ago, has led to an exponential increase in exoplanet research and public interest in existence of life outside our solar system. since... | low-order wavefront sensing for future space-based coronagraphic missions with a sparse aperture mask |
with new and upcoming observing facilities (jwst and the elts), the exoplanet community is poised to precisely measure the chemical inventory of exoplanet atmospheres. this will allow, for the first time, to start investigating whether one of the greatest promises of atmospheric characterization studies holds up: inver... | from atmospheric to exoplanet formation retrievals |
over the past two decades, thousands of planets with an extraordinary diversity of properties have been discovered orbiting nearby stars. many of these exoplanetary systems challenge our narrative for how planets form and evolve, motivating the search for observational clues to the underlying mechanisms that led to thi... | lurking in the shadows: wide-separation gas giants as tracers of planet formation |
the evolution of planetary atmospheres is one of the most uncertain aspects of exoplanetary astrophysics. successful models require knowledge of atmospheric source and loss terms and of how they change on a large range of timescales, from days to gyrs. atmospheric loss is in principle a tractable problem, depending on ... | x-ray exoplanet transits |
we present the current state of our flexible exoplanet atmosphere modeling tool that can solve for radiative-convective equilibrium for arbitrary exoplanet atmospheres, with a focus on characterizing super-earth-sized (1-4 earth radius) planets around m, k and g stars. simulating the pressure-temperature structure and ... | modeling super-earth atmospheres in preparation for upcoming extremely large telescopes |
direct observation of the disk-integrated brightness of bodies in the solar system, and the variation with illumination and wavelength, is essential for both planning imaging observations of exoplanets and interpreting the eventual datasets. in my previous work, i used the imaging science subsystem cameras aboard cassi... | cassini phase curves of the galilean satellites and implications for direct-imaging of icy exoplanets |
the recent study using multiple atmospheric photochemical modeling of wasp-39b suggested the first evidence of photochemistry in an exoplanet atmosphere 1. as such, photochemistry plays a significant role in determining the composition of exoplanet atmospheres, which provides the rationale that experiment and modeling ... | metastable co(a3π)-aided photochemistry in h2- or n2-dominated exoplanet atmospheres |
with the forecasted increase of temperate terrestrial exoplanets soon to be discovered by tess, it is pertinent to begin questioning the nature and diversity of their atmospheres, as well as the plausibility of detecting signs of life. while previous studies have attempted to produce predictive models of plausible atmo... | retrieving biosignatures in the mid-infrared |
a planet’s mass-radius relationship alone is not a good indicator for its potential to be "earth-like." while useful in coarse characterizations for distinguishing whether an exoplanet is water/atmosphere- or rock/iron-dominated, there is considerable degeneracy in using the mass-radius relation to determine the minera... | density is not destiny: characterizing terrestrial exoplanet geology from stellar compositional abundances |
the study of planetary atmospheres has made immense progress thanks to the generalization of 3d hydrodynamic models called gcm (global climate models). the multiplication of these models specific to each planet of the solar system is a study process that reaches its limits face to the great diversity of exoplanets. it ... | vers un modèle générique 3d de la photochimie des atmosphères : de la terre primitive aux exoplanètes', 'vers un modèle générique 3d de la photochimie des atmosphères : de la terre primitive aux exoplanètes', 'toward a generic 3d model for atmospheric photochemistry: from early earth to exoplanets. |
the interpretation of exoplanet transmission spectra often runs into parameter degeneracies, which obscure the true nature of the atmospheric composition and physical properties of the planet. we develop a new semi-analytical method for inversion of binned exoplanet transit spectra and for retrieval of planet parameter... | new semi-analytical method for inversion of exoplanet transmission spectra |
half of known exoplanets orbit close to their star, featuring a desert of hot neptunes whose origins remain uncertain. the lower border of the desert ends in a population of small rocky planets (≤ 2 r⊕) on ultra-short periods (≤ 1 day) called usps. these usps are central to study planetary evolution around the desert, ... | a journey to the interior of (ultra-short-period) earths |
a major goal in the discovery and characterization of exoplanets is to identify terrestrial-type worlds that are similar to (or otherwise distinct from) our earth. the combination of mass-radius measurements and host stellar abundances has been proposed to constrain the interiors of small (rocky) exoplanets. in this wo... | the interior diversity of terrestrial-type exoplanets: constrained with devolatilized stellar abundances and mass-radius measurements |
precise measurements of exoplanets radii are of key importance for our understanding of the origin and nature of these objects. measurement of the planet radii using the transit method has reached a precision that the effects of stellar surface features have to be taken into account. while the effects from spots have a... | the impact of faculae on the radius determination of exoplanets: the case of the m-star gj 1214 |
we have discovered over 5000 thousand exoplanets to date and been able to study of atmospheres of dozens of them in detail. my thesis focuses on the study of hot jupiter atmospheres. their inflated atmospheres and high equilibrium temperatures make them ideal targets for atmospheric characterization. observations were ... | a study of diverse hot jupiter atmospheres with hst and jwst |
the unique geologic preservation of much of mars' ancient surface provides a window into its earliest history, and hence the early history of the solar system. extensive geological and mineralogical evidence suggest that ancient mars once had large volumes of surface liquid water (carr and j. w. head, 2003; clifford an... | habitability through time: photochemistry and aerosols of planetary atmospheres |
as we move into an epoch of rocky planet detection, white dwarfs that have accreted exoplanetary bodies are unique laboratories to directly study the bulk composition of exoplanetary material and deduce the geological processes in exoplanets. gas and dust observed close to the white dwarfs trace the accretion of this p... | the composition of exoplanetary bodies - as probed in accreting white dwarfs with gaseous emission |
because the composition of the planet-forming environment is encoded in the composition of a planet's host star, chemical abundances may offer a unique glimpse into the formation, evolution, and even the geological and atmospheric properties of exoplanets. such differences have been inferred from the increase in planet... | correlations between planet occurrence and detailed stellar chemistry |
the super-neptune exoplanet wasp-107b is an exciting target for atmosphere characterization. it has an unusually large atmospheric scale height and a small, bright host star, raising the possibility of precise constraints on its current nature and formation history. in this talk, i will present the first atmospheric st... | water, methane depletion, and high-altitude condensates in the atmosphere of the warm super-neptune wasp-107b |
ground-based high-resolution spectroscopy allows us to probe the chemical composition and atmospheric dynamics of hot jupiters through the cross-correlation function method. this requires however careful data processing and development of analysis tools in order to extract such a faint exoplanetary signal from the over... | characterizing exoplanetary atmospheres with spirou |
bayesian atmospheric radiative transfer (bart, harrington et al. 2022, psj; cubillos et al. 2022, psj; blecic et al. 2022, psj) is an open-source, reproducible-research code for atmospheric composition and structure retrieval. its modular design and high degree of user control allow it to be configured to mimic the phy... | bayesian atmospheric radiative transfer (bart): exoplanet retrievals flexible enough to resolve controversies |
jwst will provide the first opportunity to search for signs of habitability on terrestrial planets orbiting m dwarf stars. however, it is currently unknown whether planets around m dwarfs can retain atmospheres given the relatively violent history of extreme uv irradiation from their host stars. the first step to under... | constraining the atmosphere of the terrestrial exoplanet gl486b |
high-resolution (hr) ground-based spectrographs have drastically improved the investigation of exoplanet atmospheres. in this scenario the near-infrared (0.9-2.45 μm) hr (r /sim 50000) spectrograph giano-b mounted at the nasmyth-b focus of the telescopio nazionale galileo (tng) telescope is playing an important role.wi... | the rich chemistry of two warm-giant planets |
the exosphere is the uppermost layer of the terrestrial atmosphere, mainly composed of atomic hydrogen (h) that resonantly scatters solar far-ultraviolet (fuv) photons at 121.56 nm, also referred to as lyman-alpha (ly-$\alpha$) emission. analysis of this emission has been used to determine the global, three-dimensional... | exospy: a python package to investigate the terrestrial exosphere and its fuv emission |
direct imaging of exoplanets has revealed a population of jupiter-like objects that orbit at large separations (~10-100 au) from their host stars. these planets, with masses of ~2-14 mjup and temperatures of ~500-2000 k, remain a problem for the two main planet formation models—core accretion and gravitational instabil... | moderate resolution spectroscopy of directly imaged exoplanets |
a key method into probing formation histories of brown dwarfs and exoplanets is through measurements of their atmospheric compositions and chemical abundances. a robust technique to constrain these properties is through atmospheric retrievals. we present the spectroscopic analysis and retrieval results for two directly... | investigating formation pathways through abundance measurements of benchmark late t/ early y binary systems |
planetary atmospheres are governed by a complex interplay of chemical, radiative, and advective processes that yield an inherently three dimensional structure. probing the three dimensional nature of exoplanet atmospheres is challenging without the capability to spatially resolve them. here i present the results of app... | a multi-dimensional approach to characterizing exoplanet atmospheres |
hot jupiters represent an extreme end of the exoplanet distribution: they orbit very close to their host stars, which subjects them to an intense heating from stellar radiation. an inverted temperature structure (i.e. a stratosphere) was an early observable prediction from atmospheric models of these planets, which dem... | reigniting the debate: first spectroscopic evidence for stratospheres in hot jupiters |
geochemical evidence suggests archean earth was intermittently enshrouded in an organic haze resulting from methane photolysis. hazy exoplanets may be common, and hazes can significantly impact the environment of habitable planets. earth is frequently studied as an analog for habitable exoplanets, and archean earth is ... | under an orange sky: the many implications of organic haze for earthlike planets |
detailed characterization of exoplanets has begun to yield constraints on their atmospheric properties that rival our knowledge of the solar system planets. these measurements provide unique insight into planet formation and evolution because atmospheres are a rich record of protoplanetary disk chemistry. in this talk,... | a new angle on atmosphere characterization of giant exoplanets |
the study of planet formation is one of the main topics of modern astronomy, especially since the discovery of the first exoplanet around a solar-type star in 1995. from that moment, and thanks mainly to the kepler mission, the number of discovered exoplanets has grown significantly and currently there are more than 43... | origen de la bimodalidad de radios de los planetas kepler desde una perspectiva de formación y evolución planetaria |
the internal structures of jupiter and saturn are not perfectly known. however, accurate measurements of their gravitational fields provide information on their bulk compositions and their depth dependence. in particular, interior models are used to determine jupiter and saturn's core masses and heavy element enrichmen... | giant planets: linking internal structure with formation |
in 2018 and 2022, we have published an analysis about the observability of temperate planets (with an equilibrium temperature of about 350-500 k) with ariel. this presentation is an update of this analysis which aims at using new targets identified in particular from the tess database and analysing their observability ... | temperate exoplanets observable with ariel : an update with new targets from tess |
the lack of strong spectral features of some exoplanet atmospheres may suggest the presence of a cloud layer and poses great challenges for atmospheric characterization. we aim to address these observations and the challenges by leveraging lab-based terrestrial cloud particle instrumentation as a means of investigating... | exoplanet clouds in the laboratory |
the field of exoplanetary spectroscopy is as fast moving as it is new. analysing currently available observations of exoplanetary atmospheres often invoke large and correlated parameter spaces that can be difficult to map or constrain. this is true for both: the data analysis of observations as well as the theoretical ... | dreaming of atmospheres |
most thinking on earth's carbon cycle implicates silicate weathering as the dominant control of atmospheric co2 concentration over long timescales. recent analyses of alteration of basalt at the seafloor, however, suggest that seafloor weathering (low-temperature (<60c) chemical alteration of the upper oceanic crust... | seafloor weathering dependence on temperature and dissolved inorganic carbon |
we use a start-to-end model that includes both planet formation, thermal evolution and atmospheric escape to investigate the statistical impact of evaporation. we find that the radius distribution of close-in planets can be significantly changed by evaporation. the evaporation features, e.g., the location of an "evapor... | atmospheric escape of exoplanets: a statistical view |
a fundamental understanding of planetary histories and characteristics requires an empirical connection between planet formation and evolved planets—a long-sought goal of astrophysics. this connection is now increasingly possible due to simultaneous revolutions in the observations of protoplanetary disks and exoplanet ... | microphysical insights into protoplanetary disks and exoplanet atmospheres |
several aspects of the formation of the earth remain poorly understood despite decades of study. one is the origin of earth's water. another is the origin of the oxidation state recorded by the bulk composition of the planet, and yet another is the identity of the light elements responsible for the ∼ 10% density defici... | earth shaped by primordial h2 atmospheres |
in our search for life in the universe, it would be anthropocentric to assume that there are no planets more suitable for life than earth. we call such planets 'superhabitable'1. some of the environmental conditions related to superhabitability are motivated astrophysically, while others are based on the varying habita... | earth's varying paleoenvironment and experimental tests provide insights into superhabitabitable conditions on exoplanets |
gj1214b is by far the best characterized exoplanet smaller than neptune. yet its extensively-observed transmission spectrum has only revealed a thick layer of aerosols, which obscures the molecular features that are needed to determine the planet's atmospheric composition. furthermore, we still don't know what the aero... | unlocking the mysteries of the archetype sub-neptune gj1214b with a full-orbit phase curve |
biologically modulated seasonality impacts nearly every chemical constituent of earth's atmosphere. for example, seasonal shifts in the balance of photosynthesis and respiration manifest as striking oscillation in the atmospheric abundance of co2 and o2. similar temporal variability is likely on other inhabited worlds,... | atmospheric expression of seasonality on the early earth and earth-like exoplanets |
during transit, stellar light gets filtered through the terminator region of an exoplanet, allowing us to peek into their atmospheric structure and composition. because of their complex 3d nature, however, this region is most likely not homogeneous. hot, highly irradiated and tidally-locked giant planets in particular ... | constraining mornings & evenings on distant worlds: state-of-the-art and future prospects |
the presence of clouds and hazes has been explored to explain the transmission spectra of several planets observed with the hubble space telescope. they are normally associated with a slope towards the blue wavelengths due to rayleigh scattering and/or featureless transmission spectra in the near-infrared range (1.1-1.... | cloudiness levels in exoplanets atmospheres |
super-earths will constitute a large portion of the small exoplanets well-suited for detailed atmospheric characterization that tess aims to discover. current theory predicts these planets accreted large nebular hydrogen/helium envelopes before disk dispersal, which have since been mostly lost through hydrodynamic outf... | to cool is to keep: residual h/he atmospheres of super-earths |
the study of exoplanet atmospheres is a blossoming field. over the past two decades, dozens of hot gas giant atmospheres have been observed using a variety of techniques with both space and ground telescopes, revealing the presence of water, the ubiquity of clouds, the presence of equatorial jets, the existence of phot... | understanding exoplanet atmospheres |
ariel is an esa mission whose scientific goal is to investigate exoplanetary atmospheres. the payload is composed by two instruments: airs (ariel ir spectrometer) and fgs (fine guidance system). the fgs detection chain is composed by two hgcdte detectors and by the cold front end electronics (sidecar), kept at cryogeni... | the detector control unit of the fine guidance sensor instrument on-board the ariel mission: design status |
the isotopic composition of gaseous species can provide critical information regarding the age and chemical or physical origin of sample material. however, the challenge of maintaining isotope abundance scales - generated by comparing sample measurements to those of a reference material having finite quantity and stabi... | artifact-free measurements of isotopic composition for atmospheric and planetary gas analysis |
the pathways to discovery in astronomy and astrophysics for the 2020s decadal survey highlighted the ability of the coming generation of 30-meter-class telescopes "to detect, image, and characterize temperate rocky planets around low-mass stars, measure their atmospheric compositions including searches for oxygen." how... | a technology and science gap list for habitable-zone exoplanet imaging with ground-based extremely large telescopes |
sub-neptunes (radii of 1.25-4 earth radius) remain the most commonly detected exoplanets to date. however, it remains difficult for observations to directly see whether these intermediate-sized exoplanets have surfaces and where their surfaces are located. here we propose a new technique that uses solely the abundances... | how to identify exoplanet surfaces: without seeing them? |
water-worlds are water-rich (>1% water by mass) exoplanets. they may form from volatile-rich material beyond the snow line but never attain masses sufficient to accrete or retain large amounts of h2/he nebular gas. this pathway for producing low-mass water-rich planets has played out as a robust prediction of planet... | internal structure and co2 reservoirs of habitable water-worlds |
characterizing the bulk compositions of transiting exoplanets within the m dwarf radius valley offers a means to establish whether the rocky/enveloped transition emerges from an atmospheric mass loss process or is imprinted by the planet formation itself. we present the confirmation of one such planet around an early m... | toi-1695 b: a radius valley planet around a tess early m dwarf |
transiting exoplanets, of which there are currently about 4000 known, make excellent targets for the characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres by current and future space telescopes such as jwst, twinkle, and ariel. as a planet passes in front of its host star, the starlight interacts with the planet's atmosphere an... | ephemeris refinement of tess objects for future observations |
the nature of exoplanetary atmospheres is hotly debated. the thermal spectrum of an exoplanet called a hot jupiter reveals the presence of an analogue of earth's ozone layer, although its composition is unknown. see letter p.58 | astronomy: ozone-like layer in an exoplanet atmosphere |
mass is the most fundamental parameter of a planet.the harps-north spectrograph, mounted at the telescopio nazionale galileo at la palma, spain, is one of the world's most precise and stable high-resolution astronomical spectrographs.the harps-n collaboration is engaged in the follow-up of kepler, k2 and tess candidate... | determining the masses of exoplanets discovered by kepler, k2 and tess with the harps-n spectrograph |
ultraviolet (uv, 900−2000 å) astrophysics plays a vital role in studying exoplanets and evaluating their potential habitability. one approach to understanding exoplanetary habitability is through the study of their absorption spectra, which can reveal not only the chemical composition and physical properties (e.g., mas... | designing and characterizing uv gratings for exoplanet habitability studies |
over the past few years, observations of close-in giant planet atmospheres using wfc3's spectroscopic capabilities have played a pivotal role in the nir characterization of these worlds. we propose to build upon this success by measuring h2o in the atmosphere of the warm saturn-mass exoplanet wasp-39b. our previous opt... | measuring the absolute h2o abundance of wasp-39b's atmosphere |
comparative studies of protoplanetary disks, exoplanetary systems, and the solar system reveal the presence of giant planets over a wide range of orbital radii, spanning from 0.01 to 100 au from the host star. this great diversity of architectures suggests that giant planets can interact with multiple and diverse chemi... | the formation history of giant planets seen through multiple elemental ratios |
trappist-1 is an ultra-cool star, 10 times smaller than the sun, around which we found seven earth-sized planets. among those planets, three of them happen to be in the habitable zone, that is to say they could possess liquid water on their surface and possibly support life. in order to state if yes or no life is prese... | trappist-1: latest outcomes from an extensive photometric follow up |
the complexity of the phenomena taking place in exoplanet atmospheres is challenging to simulate and choices have to be done to simplify the problem. the choice of using a one dimensional atmospheric model is potentially the most resource-saving one, though when considering effects of transport, a new caveat appear: ho... | sensitivity of hot-jupiter haze retrieval on eddy parameterization |
transit observations with the kepler space telescope revealed that planets smaller than neptune are much more abundant than gas giants beyond our solar system. the observed mass-radius relationships for such small planets are known to be diverse, which may mean that the amount of the atmospheric gas differs from planet... | what can we learn from atmospheres of transitioning low-mass towards habitable planets? |
far from being a recent development of the earth system, volcanism has accompanied the earth, terrestrial planets and countless exoplanets since their origins. volcanism is a material mechanism whereby planets evolve to their differentiated states that are potentially capable of hosting life. explosive volcanic eruptio... | experimental volcanic lightning under conditions relevant to the early earth: discharges as a possible prebiotic synthesis mechanism |
determining the composition of giant exoplanets is crucial for understanding their origin and evolution. however, the planetary bulk composition is not measured directly but must be deduced from a combination of mass-radius measurements, knowledge of the planetary age and evolution simulations. accurate determinations ... | towards a new era in giant exoplanet characterisation |
mean motion resonances are dynamic gravitational interactions between planets that may stabilize a system on a long-term scale or cause instability if the resonance is disturbed. as resonant states are mass dependent, they can be used to further constrain planetary masses. the kepler-305 system includes a k-type star w... | exploring habitability within exoplanetary system kepler-305 |
decyphering the chemical composition and atmospheric conditions of terrestrial planets around other stars is one of the main driver of exoplanetary science. in fact, atmospheric characterisation of earth-like planets is expected to bring the first insights into the possibility of biological activity on another planet t... | challenges and perspectives for the characterisation of the atmospheres and exospheres of 'terrestrial' exoplanets |
in the last decade ground based high resolution doppler spectroscopy (hrs) has detected numerous species in the atmospheres of exoplanets. molecular species such as h2o and co in particular have been observed on a number of transiting and non-transiting hot jupiters owing to the inherent strength of hrs to detect trace... | using high resolution spectroscopy to probe cloudy exoplanets |
biological activity has changed the earth environment on a global scale. one metabolism - oxygenic photosynthesis - is responsible for changing the face of the earth by converting 0.1% of the solar flux received at the surface into chemical energy. most of the biosphere depends on this primary production of organic mat... | biosignatures in context |
rocky liquid water habitable zone (hz) planets are the best bet for the remote detection of life around other stars. scientific studies of this specific type of planet tend to focus on star-planet systems with stellar hosts of sun-like stars or smaller red dwarf stars. however, hz planets around sun-like stars may be t... | a grid of partially-clouded rocky exoplanet climate states for k dwarf hosts |
the alternative earths team of the nasa astrobiology institute looks back in earth history to guide our search for life elsewhere. a single question motivates our mission: how has earth remained persistently inhabited through most of its dynamic history, and how do those varying states of inhabitation manifest in the a... | how earth's early oceans and atmosphere help guide the search for life beyond our solar system |
temperate exoplanets – exoplanets that receive stellar irradiance approximately equal to earth's or less – have been discovered. the temperate planets with radii between 1.7 and 3.5 times the radius of earth (i.e., sub-neptunes) are in many ways more favorable targets for atmospheric observations than smaller planets. ... | characterizing the atmosphere and potential habitability of temperate sub-neptunes using jwst |
current techniques astronomers use to understand the make-up of the atmospheres of planets that orbit stars other than our sun are computationally intensive and can take a week to complete. we have developed a new set of techniques which cut this runtime down to several seconds. these new techniques achieve this massiv... | grid-based atmospheric retrievals for reflected-light spectra of exoplanets using psgnest |
the search for life on habitable exoplanets is one of the key objectives of 21st century astrophysics. due to the impact of life on the geochemical environment and the composition of the atmosphere throughout billions of years of coevolution on earth, it is thought that alien biospheres should be detectable via spectro... | earth as an exoplanet: investigating earth's time variable thermal emission and its atmospheric seasonality using disk-integrated satellite observations |
roughly seventy-five billion low-mass stars in our galaxy host at least one small planet in the habitable zone (hz). the stellar ultraviolet (uv) radiation from such low-mass stars is strong and highly variable, and impacts planetary atmospheric loss, composition and habitability. these effects are amplified by the ext... | blast from the past: the evolution of ultraviolet emission and flaring from low-mass stars and its implications for habitable zone planets |
the esa m4 mission ariel, the atmospheric remote-sensing infrared exoplanet large-survey, has been adopted in 2020 within the cosmic vision science programme of esa. the goal of ariel is to investigate the atmospheres of planets orbiting distant stars in order to address the fundamental questions on how planetary syste... | ariel - the esa m4 space mission to focus on the nature of exoplanets |
planetary climates are a function of numerous parameters (stellar, orbital, atmospheric, surface). for rocky size planets of interest for potential habitability, near-term exoplanet observing missions will be able to characterize a large number of planets but at most only their stellar type, the irradiance to the plane... | a rocke-3d perturbed parameter ensemble: habitability metrics for land planets |
if the terrestrial worlds of our own solar system are any indicator, atmospheres of rocky exoplanets are likely to be diverse and complicated. characterizing them will contribute new insights into their formational and evolutionary histories, yield a better understanding of the stellar environment that shapes their atm... | the atmospheric composition of the rocky super-earth gj 1132b - no evidence for a h/he-rich atmosphere |
with the recent launch of the james webb space telescope (jwst), terrestrial exoplanets will be at the forefront of exoplanetary research. among those, habitable zone terrestrial exoplanets, particularly planets about m dwarfs such as trappist-1e, will be observed in a new capacity, as jwst's nirspec instrument will be... | impacts of climate variability on the transmission spectrum of trappist-1e |
planets transiting nearby m dwarf stars are the best laboratory we have to study exoplanets with terrestrial sizes, compositions, and insolation levels. however, it is unclear how the properties of small planets orbiting m dwarfs might differ from those of the terrestrial worlds in our own solar system. we can investig... | constraining the bulk compositions of m dwarf radius valley planets |
nasa's selection of two venus discovery-class missions, davinci and veritas, esa's selection of the envision m-class mission, and the advent of both privately funded (e.g. venus life finder) and other international mission efforts sending spacecraft to the second planet (e.g. shukrayaan-1), a much anticipated new decad... | jwst as vwst: the venus-world space telescope |
to understand the atmospheres of rocky exoplanets it is important to identify principles that govern their atmospheric circulations. for earth, one well-known principle is that its atmosphere resembles a heat engine - it absorbs heat near the surface, at a hot temperature, and emits heat to space in the upper troposphe... | interpreting atmospheric circulations of rocky exoplanets as heat engines |
recent transit observations of exoplanets have demonstrated the possibility of a wide prevalence of haze/cloud layers at high altitudes. hydrocarbon photochemical haze could be the candidate for such haze particles on warm sub-neptunes, but the lack of evidence for methane poses a puzzle for such hydrocarbon photochemi... | photochemical aerosols in warm exoplanetary atmospheres |
to date, over 4900 exoplanets have been confirmed, and exoplanet statistics suggest that nearly 100% of sun-like stars (fgk) host planetary systems. because of their close proximity to our solar system, α-cen a and b continue to generate interest in the search for earth-like planets. the years 2022-2035 will be an idea... | if a terrestrial planet exists in the habitable zone of alpha-cen a/b, what would the planet look like? - a modeling effort in guiding future observations |
earth has been the only known habitable world and thus used as a reference to understand habitability. the origin of life on earth is not yet clearly understood, but known traces are up-to the archean (∼ 3.5ga, ga-billion years). earth had water and continents from the hadean earth (> 4.0ga), which had different atm... | the interior-atmosphere coupling of rocky worlds |
we present work on studying the atmospheric composition and detecting a potential biosignature, ammonia (nh3), in the nearby terrestrial-like planet ltt 1445 ab. at a distance of 6.9 pc, this system is the second closest known transiting system and will be observed for transmission spectroscopy with the upcoming twinkl... | is ltt 1445 ab a hycean world or a cold haber world?: an exploration with twinkle |
much remains to be understood about the nature of exoplanets smaller than neptune, most of which have been discovered in compact multi-planet systems. with its inner ultra-short period planet b aligned with the star and two larger outer planets d/c on polar orbits, the multi-planet system hd 3167 features a peculiar ar... | a cheops-enhanced view of the hd3167 system |
the runaway greenhouse effect is a key process in the climate evolution of an increasingly large number of rocky exoplanets on the target lists of current and future observatories. this evolution is affected by diverse factors including orbital and stellar properties, atmospheric composition, volatile inventories, clou... | transition to the post-runaway climate state on rocky worlds with large surface water inventories. |
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