id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 25.7k | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
5acf8d6477cf76001a68520a | Comics | Gag and editorial cartoons usually consist of a single panel, often incorporating a caption or speech balloon. Definitions of comics which emphasize sequence usually exclude gag, editorial, and other single-panel cartoons; they can be included in definitions that emphasize the combination of word and image. Gag cartoon... | Where did gag cartoons last make an appearance? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf8d6477cf76001a68520b | Comics | Gag and editorial cartoons usually consist of a single panel, often incorporating a caption or speech balloon. Definitions of comics which emphasize sequence usually exclude gag, editorial, and other single-panel cartoons; they can be included in definitions that emphasize the combination of word and image. Gag cartoon... | Where did serious cartoons first make an appearance? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf8d6477cf76001a68520c | Comics | Gag and editorial cartoons usually consist of a single panel, often incorporating a caption or speech balloon. Definitions of comics which emphasize sequence usually exclude gag, editorial, and other single-panel cartoons; they can be included in definitions that emphasize the combination of word and image. Gag cartoon... | When did serious single-panel illustrations become known as cartoons? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf8d6477cf76001a68520d | Comics | Gag and editorial cartoons usually consist of a single panel, often incorporating a caption or speech balloon. Definitions of comics which emphasize sequence usually exclude gag, editorial, and other single-panel cartoons; they can be included in definitions that emphasize the combination of word and image. Gag cartoon... | When did gag single-panel illustrations become known as comics? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf8d6477cf76001a68520e | Comics | Gag and editorial cartoons usually consist of a single panel, often incorporating a caption or speech balloon. Definitions of comics which emphasize sequence usually exclude gag, editorial, and other single-panel cartoons; they can be included in definitions that emphasize the combination of word and image. Gag cartoon... | In which publication was cartoon last used to describe gag single-panel illustrations? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e03088231d4119001abfa3 | Comics | Comics in the US has had a lowbrow reputation stemming from its roots in mass culture; cultural elites sometimes saw popular culture as threatening culture and society. In the latter half of the 20th century, popular culture won greater acceptance, and the lines between high and low culture began to blur. Comics nevert... | What did comics have in the United States because of cultural roots? | {
"text": [
"lowbrow reputation"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} |
56e03088231d4119001abfa4 | Comics | Comics in the US has had a lowbrow reputation stemming from its roots in mass culture; cultural elites sometimes saw popular culture as threatening culture and society. In the latter half of the 20th century, popular culture won greater acceptance, and the lines between high and low culture began to blur. Comics nevert... | Who thought pop culture was a risk? | {
"text": [
"cultural elites"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
} |
56e03088231d4119001abfa6 | Comics | Comics in the US has had a lowbrow reputation stemming from its roots in mass culture; cultural elites sometimes saw popular culture as threatening culture and society. In the latter half of the 20th century, popular culture won greater acceptance, and the lines between high and low culture began to blur. Comics nevert... | What was thought to be only good for children and those who could not read or write? | {
"text": [
"Comics"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
5acf7fe177cf76001a684fdc | Comics | Comics in the US has had a lowbrow reputation stemming from its roots in mass culture; cultural elites sometimes saw popular culture as threatening culture and society. In the latter half of the 20th century, popular culture won greater acceptance, and the lines between high and low culture began to blur. Comics nevert... | What did comics have in the United States because of sports roots? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf7fe177cf76001a684fdd | Comics | Comics in the US has had a lowbrow reputation stemming from its roots in mass culture; cultural elites sometimes saw popular culture as threatening culture and society. In the latter half of the 20th century, popular culture won greater acceptance, and the lines between high and low culture began to blur. Comics nevert... | What did comics not have in the United States because of cultural roots? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf7fe177cf76001a684fde | Comics | Comics in the US has had a lowbrow reputation stemming from its roots in mass culture; cultural elites sometimes saw popular culture as threatening culture and society. In the latter half of the 20th century, popular culture won greater acceptance, and the lines between high and low culture began to blur. Comics nevert... | Who thought pop culture wasn't at risk? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf7fe177cf76001a684fdf | Comics | Comics in the US has had a lowbrow reputation stemming from its roots in mass culture; cultural elites sometimes saw popular culture as threatening culture and society. In the latter half of the 20th century, popular culture won greater acceptance, and the lines between high and low culture began to blur. Comics nevert... | What was thought to be bad for children and those who could not read or write? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf7fe177cf76001a684fe0 | Comics | Comics in the US has had a lowbrow reputation stemming from its roots in mass culture; cultural elites sometimes saw popular culture as threatening culture and society. In the latter half of the 20th century, popular culture won greater acceptance, and the lines between high and low culture began to blur. Comics nevert... | What was thought to be only good for children and those who could read or write? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e03125231d4119001abfab | Comics | The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels beca... | What is a comic that is as long as a book called? | {
"text": [
"graphic novel"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
56e03125231d4119001abfac | Comics | The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels beca... | Who helped "graphic novel" get public attention? | {
"text": [
"Will Eisner"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
} |
56e03125231d4119001abfad | Comics | The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels beca... | What decade did the term "graphic novel" become well known by the public? | {
"text": [
"1980s"
],
"answer_start": [
274
]
} |
56e03125231d4119001abfae | Comics | The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels beca... | In addition to printed graphic novels in stores, what became popular online? | {
"text": [
"webcomics"
],
"answer_start": [
378
]
} |
56e03125231d4119001abfaf | Comics | The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels beca... | The popularity of the Watchmen, The Dark Knight Returns and what other comic helped popularize "graphic novel" as a term? | {
"text": [
"Maus"
],
"answer_start": [
219
]
} |
5acf804277cf76001a684ff0 | Comics | The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels beca... | What is a comic that is as short as a book called? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf804277cf76001a684ff1 | Comics | The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels beca... | Who helped "graphic novel" lose public attention? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf804277cf76001a684ff2 | Comics | The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels beca... | What decade did the term "graphic novel" become lesser known by the public? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf804277cf76001a684ff3 | Comics | The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels beca... | In addition to printed graphic novels in stores, what became popular offline? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf804277cf76001a684ff4 | Comics | The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels beca... | The loss in popularity of the Watchmen, The Dark Knight Returns and what other comic helped popularize "graphic novel" as a term? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e031847aa994140058e33f | Comics | The francophone Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer produced comic strips beginning in 1827, and published theories behind the form. Cartoons appeared widely in newspapers and magazines from the 19th century. The success of Zig et Puce in 1925 popularized the use of speech balloons in European comics, after which Franco-Belgian com... | Who started producing comic strips and theories about them in 1827? | {
"text": [
"Rodolphe Töpffer"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
} |
56e031847aa994140058e340 | Comics | The francophone Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer produced comic strips beginning in 1827, and published theories behind the form. Cartoons appeared widely in newspapers and magazines from the 19th century. The success of Zig et Puce in 1925 popularized the use of speech balloons in European comics, after which Franco-Belgian com... | What century had comics in wide production? | {
"text": [
"19th"
],
"answer_start": [
182
]
} |
56e031847aa994140058e341 | Comics | The francophone Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer produced comic strips beginning in 1827, and published theories behind the form. Cartoons appeared widely in newspapers and magazines from the 19th century. The success of Zig et Puce in 1925 popularized the use of speech balloons in European comics, after which Franco-Belgian com... | What 1925 cartoon made speech bubbles popular? | {
"text": [
"Zig et Puce"
],
"answer_start": [
211
]
} |
56e031847aa994140058e342 | Comics | The francophone Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer produced comic strips beginning in 1827, and published theories behind the form. Cartoons appeared widely in newspapers and magazines from the 19th century. The success of Zig et Puce in 1925 popularized the use of speech balloons in European comics, after which Franco-Belgian com... | What comics began to dominate in Europe? | {
"text": [
"Franco-Belgian"
],
"answer_start": [
302
]
} |
56e031847aa994140058e343 | Comics | The francophone Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer produced comic strips beginning in 1827, and published theories behind the form. Cartoons appeared widely in newspapers and magazines from the 19th century. The success of Zig et Puce in 1925 popularized the use of speech balloons in European comics, after which Franco-Belgian com... | When was "The Adventures of Tintin" serialized? | {
"text": [
"1929"
],
"answer_start": [
472
]
} |
5acf824377cf76001a685046 | Comics | The francophone Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer produced comic strips beginning in 1827, and published theories behind the form. Cartoons appeared widely in newspapers and magazines from the 19th century. The success of Zig et Puce in 1925 popularized the use of speech balloons in European comics, after which Franco-Belgian com... | Who started producing comic strips and theories about them in 1872? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf824377cf76001a685047 | Comics | The francophone Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer produced comic strips beginning in 1827, and published theories behind the form. Cartoons appeared widely in newspapers and magazines from the 19th century. The success of Zig et Puce in 1925 popularized the use of speech balloons in European comics, after which Franco-Belgian com... | What century had comics in local production? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf824377cf76001a685048 | Comics | The francophone Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer produced comic strips beginning in 1827, and published theories behind the form. Cartoons appeared widely in newspapers and magazines from the 19th century. The success of Zig et Puce in 1925 popularized the use of speech balloons in European comics, after which Franco-Belgian com... | What 1925 cartoon made speech bubbles unpopular? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf824377cf76001a68504a | Comics | The francophone Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer produced comic strips beginning in 1827, and published theories behind the form. Cartoons appeared widely in newspapers and magazines from the 19th century. The success of Zig et Puce in 1925 popularized the use of speech balloons in European comics, after which Franco-Belgian com... | When was "The Adventures of Tintin" unserialized? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e031db231d4119001abfb7 | Comics | Following the success of Le Journal de Mickey (1934–44), dedicated comics magazines and full-colour comics albums became the primary outlet for comics in the mid-20th century. As in the US, at the time comics were seen as infantile and a threat to culture and literacy; commentators stated that "none bear up to the slig... | In the United States in the middle of the 20th century comics were seen as a risk to culture and what? | {
"text": [
"literacy"
],
"answer_start": [
260
]
} |
56e031db231d4119001abfb8 | Comics | Following the success of Le Journal de Mickey (1934–44), dedicated comics magazines and full-colour comics albums became the primary outlet for comics in the mid-20th century. As in the US, at the time comics were seen as infantile and a threat to culture and literacy; commentators stated that "none bear up to the slig... | What was seen as "infantile" in the United States? | {
"text": [
"comics"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
} |
56e031db231d4119001abfb9 | Comics | Following the success of Le Journal de Mickey (1934–44), dedicated comics magazines and full-colour comics albums became the primary outlet for comics in the mid-20th century. As in the US, at the time comics were seen as infantile and a threat to culture and literacy; commentators stated that "none bear up to the slig... | Comics were quoted as a sabotage of art and what? | {
"text": [
"literature"
],
"answer_start": [
402
]
} |
5acf860877cf76001a6850b2 | Comics | Following the success of Le Journal de Mickey (1934–44), dedicated comics magazines and full-colour comics albums became the primary outlet for comics in the mid-20th century. As in the US, at the time comics were seen as infantile and a threat to culture and literacy; commentators stated that "none bear up to the slig... | In the United States in the middle of the 19th century comics were seen as a risk to culture and what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf860877cf76001a6850b3 | Comics | Following the success of Le Journal de Mickey (1934–44), dedicated comics magazines and full-colour comics albums became the primary outlet for comics in the mid-20th century. As in the US, at the time comics were seen as infantile and a threat to culture and literacy; commentators stated that "none bear up to the slig... | In the United States in the middle of the 20th century comics were seen as a boon to culture and what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf860877cf76001a6850b4 | Comics | Following the success of Le Journal de Mickey (1934–44), dedicated comics magazines and full-colour comics albums became the primary outlet for comics in the mid-20th century. As in the US, at the time comics were seen as infantile and a threat to culture and literacy; commentators stated that "none bear up to the slig... | What was seen as sophisticated reading in the United States? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf860877cf76001a6850b5 | Comics | Following the success of Le Journal de Mickey (1934–44), dedicated comics magazines and full-colour comics albums became the primary outlet for comics in the mid-20th century. As in the US, at the time comics were seen as infantile and a threat to culture and literacy; commentators stated that "none bear up to the slig... | Comics were quoted as a product of art and what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf860877cf76001a6850b6 | Comics | Following the success of Le Journal de Mickey (1934–44), dedicated comics magazines and full-colour comics albums became the primary outlet for comics in the mid-20th century. As in the US, at the time comics were seen as infantile and a threat to culture and literacy; commentators stated that "none bear up to the slig... | Comics were quoted as a sabotage of writing and what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e032247aa994140058e34b | Comics | In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium. Cartoonists began creating comics for mature audiences, and the term "Ninth Art"[e] was coined, as comics began to attract public and academic attention as an artform. A group including René Goscinny and Albert U... | Comics for adults began to be called what? | {
"text": [
"Ninth Art"
],
"answer_start": [
178
]
} |
56e032247aa994140058e34c | Comics | In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium. Cartoonists began creating comics for mature audiences, and the term "Ninth Art"[e] was coined, as comics began to attract public and academic attention as an artform. A group including René Goscinny and Albert U... | What year did Pilote begin? | {
"text": [
"1959"
],
"answer_start": [
357
]
} |
56e032247aa994140058e34d | Comics | In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium. Cartoonists began creating comics for mature audiences, and the term "Ninth Art"[e] was coined, as comics began to attract public and academic attention as an artform. A group including René Goscinny and Albert U... | What became a best-seller comic in the French language? | {
"text": [
"Adventures of Asterix"
],
"answer_start": [
437
]
} |
5acf864b77cf76001a6850d0 | Comics | In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium. Cartoonists began creating comics for mature audiences, and the term "Ninth Art"[e] was coined, as comics began to attract public and academic attention as an artform. A group including René Goscinny and Albert U... | What does bandes dessinées not mean? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf864b77cf76001a6850d1 | Comics | In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium. Cartoonists began creating comics for mature audiences, and the term "Ninth Art"[e] was coined, as comics began to attract public and academic attention as an artform. A group including René Goscinny and Albert U... | Comics for kids began to be called what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf864b77cf76001a6850d2 | Comics | In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium. Cartoonists began creating comics for mature audiences, and the term "Ninth Art"[e] was coined, as comics began to attract public and academic attention as an artform. A group including René Goscinny and Albert U... | What year did Pilote end? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf864b77cf76001a6850d3 | Comics | In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium. Cartoonists began creating comics for mature audiences, and the term "Ninth Art"[e] was coined, as comics began to attract public and academic attention as an artform. A group including René Goscinny and Albert U... | What became a best-seller comic in the English language? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf864b77cf76001a6850d4 | Comics | In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium. Cartoonists began creating comics for mature audiences, and the term "Ninth Art"[e] was coined, as comics began to attract public and academic attention as an artform. A group including René Goscinny and Albert U... | What became a low-seller comic in the French language? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e032687aa994140058e353 | Comics | Frustration with censorship and editorial interference led to a group of Pilote cartoonists to found the adults-only L'Écho des savanes in 1972. Adult-oriented and experimental comics flourished in the 1970s, such as in the experimental science fiction of Mœbius and others in Métal hurlant, even mainstream publishers t... | Pilote cartoonists were upset with censorship and what? | {
"text": [
"editorial interference"
],
"answer_start": [
32
]
} |
56e032687aa994140058e354 | Comics | Frustration with censorship and editorial interference led to a group of Pilote cartoonists to found the adults-only L'Écho des savanes in 1972. Adult-oriented and experimental comics flourished in the 1970s, such as in the experimental science fiction of Mœbius and others in Métal hurlant, even mainstream publishers t... | When was L'Écho des savanes begun? | {
"text": [
"1972"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} |
56e032687aa994140058e356 | Comics | Frustration with censorship and editorial interference led to a group of Pilote cartoonists to found the adults-only L'Écho des savanes in 1972. Adult-oriented and experimental comics flourished in the 1970s, such as in the experimental science fiction of Mœbius and others in Métal hurlant, even mainstream publishers t... | Métal hurlant was of what genre? | {
"text": [
"science fiction"
],
"answer_start": [
237
]
} |
56e032687aa994140058e357 | Comics | Frustration with censorship and editorial interference led to a group of Pilote cartoonists to found the adults-only L'Écho des savanes in 1972. Adult-oriented and experimental comics flourished in the 1970s, such as in the experimental science fiction of Mœbius and others in Métal hurlant, even mainstream publishers t... | What format did adult comics begin to be published in? | {
"text": [
"prestige"
],
"answer_start": [
338
]
} |
5acf86e977cf76001a6850ee | Comics | Frustration with censorship and editorial interference led to a group of Pilote cartoonists to found the adults-only L'Écho des savanes in 1972. Adult-oriented and experimental comics flourished in the 1970s, such as in the experimental science fiction of Mœbius and others in Métal hurlant, even mainstream publishers t... | Pilote cartoonists were happy with censorship and what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf86e977cf76001a6850ef | Comics | Frustration with censorship and editorial interference led to a group of Pilote cartoonists to found the adults-only L'Écho des savanes in 1972. Adult-oriented and experimental comics flourished in the 1970s, such as in the experimental science fiction of Mœbius and others in Métal hurlant, even mainstream publishers t... | Pilote readers were upset with censorship and what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf86e977cf76001a6850f0 | Comics | Frustration with censorship and editorial interference led to a group of Pilote cartoonists to found the adults-only L'Écho des savanes in 1972. Adult-oriented and experimental comics flourished in the 1970s, such as in the experimental science fiction of Mœbius and others in Métal hurlant, even mainstream publishers t... | When was L'Écho des savanes ended? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf86e977cf76001a6850f1 | Comics | Frustration with censorship and editorial interference led to a group of Pilote cartoonists to found the adults-only L'Écho des savanes in 1972. Adult-oriented and experimental comics flourished in the 1970s, such as in the experimental science fiction of Mœbius and others in Métal hurlant, even mainstream publishers t... | Métal hurlant wasn't of what genre? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf86e977cf76001a6850f2 | Comics | Frustration with censorship and editorial interference led to a group of Pilote cartoonists to found the adults-only L'Écho des savanes in 1972. Adult-oriented and experimental comics flourished in the 1970s, such as in the experimental science fiction of Mœbius and others in Métal hurlant, even mainstream publishers t... | What format did child comics begin to be published in? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e033fc7aa994140058e35d | Comics | Historical narratives of manga tend to focus either on its recent, post-WWII history, or on attempts to demonstrates deep roots in the past, such as to the Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga picture scroll of the 12th and 13th centuries, or the early 19th-century Hokusai Manga. The first historical overview of Japanese comics was Sei... | Which historical overview did Seiki Hosokibara create? | {
"text": [
"Nihon Manga-Shi"
],
"answer_start": [
336
]
} |
56e033fc7aa994140058e35e | Comics | Historical narratives of manga tend to focus either on its recent, post-WWII history, or on attempts to demonstrates deep roots in the past, such as to the Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga picture scroll of the 12th and 13th centuries, or the early 19th-century Hokusai Manga. The first historical overview of Japanese comics was Sei... | When did Hosokibara create Nihon Manga-Shi? | {
"text": [
"1924"
],
"answer_start": [
358
]
} |
56e033fc7aa994140058e35f | Comics | Historical narratives of manga tend to focus either on its recent, post-WWII history, or on attempts to demonstrates deep roots in the past, such as to the Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga picture scroll of the 12th and 13th centuries, or the early 19th-century Hokusai Manga. The first historical overview of Japanese comics was Sei... | What was created in 2001 to give students comic scholarships? | {
"text": [
"Japan Society for Studies in Cartoon and Comics"
],
"answer_start": [
1079
]
} |
56e033fc7aa994140058e360 | Comics | Historical narratives of manga tend to focus either on its recent, post-WWII history, or on attempts to demonstrates deep roots in the past, such as to the Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga picture scroll of the 12th and 13th centuries, or the early 19th-century Hokusai Manga. The first historical overview of Japanese comics was Sei... | Who helped the rest of the world use the word manga outside of Japan's borders? | {
"text": [
"Frederik L. Schodt"
],
"answer_start": [
1209
]
} |
56e033fc7aa994140058e361 | Comics | Historical narratives of manga tend to focus either on its recent, post-WWII history, or on attempts to demonstrates deep roots in the past, such as to the Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga picture scroll of the 12th and 13th centuries, or the early 19th-century Hokusai Manga. The first historical overview of Japanese comics was Sei... | What publication is Schodt responsible for? | {
"text": [
"Manga! Manga! The World of Japanese Comics"
],
"answer_start": [
1230
]
} |
5acf90a577cf76001a685292 | Comics | Historical narratives of manga tend to focus either on its recent, post-WWII history, or on attempts to demonstrates deep roots in the past, such as to the Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga picture scroll of the 12th and 13th centuries, or the early 19th-century Hokusai Manga. The first historical overview of Japanese comics was Sei... | Which historical overview did Seiki Hosokibara reject? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf90a577cf76001a685293 | Comics | Historical narratives of manga tend to focus either on its recent, post-WWII history, or on attempts to demonstrates deep roots in the past, such as to the Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga picture scroll of the 12th and 13th centuries, or the early 19th-century Hokusai Manga. The first historical overview of Japanese comics was Sei... | When did Hosokibara reject Nihon Manga-Shi? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf90a577cf76001a685294 | Comics | Historical narratives of manga tend to focus either on its recent, post-WWII history, or on attempts to demonstrates deep roots in the past, such as to the Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga picture scroll of the 12th and 13th centuries, or the early 19th-century Hokusai Manga. The first historical overview of Japanese comics was Sei... | What was abolished in 2001 to give students comic scholarships? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf90a577cf76001a685295 | Comics | Historical narratives of manga tend to focus either on its recent, post-WWII history, or on attempts to demonstrates deep roots in the past, such as to the Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga picture scroll of the 12th and 13th centuries, or the early 19th-century Hokusai Manga. The first historical overview of Japanese comics was Sei... | Who helped the rest of the world use the word manga inside of Japan's borders? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf90a577cf76001a685296 | Comics | Historical narratives of manga tend to focus either on its recent, post-WWII history, or on attempts to demonstrates deep roots in the past, such as to the Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga picture scroll of the 12th and 13th centuries, or the early 19th-century Hokusai Manga. The first historical overview of Japanese comics was Sei... | What publication is Schodt not responsible for? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e0353d7aa994140058e371 | Comics | Coulton Waugh attempted the first comprehensive history of American comics with The Comics (1947). Will Eisner's Comics and Sequential Art (1985) and Scott McCloud's Understanding Comics (1993) were early attempts in English to formalize the study of comics. David Carrier's The Aesthetics of Comics (2000) was the first... | Who put together a history of American comics in 1947? | {
"text": [
"Coulton Waugh"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
56e0353d7aa994140058e372 | Comics | Coulton Waugh attempted the first comprehensive history of American comics with The Comics (1947). Will Eisner's Comics and Sequential Art (1985) and Scott McCloud's Understanding Comics (1993) were early attempts in English to formalize the study of comics. David Carrier's The Aesthetics of Comics (2000) was the first... | What was the name of Waugh's work? | {
"text": [
"The Comics"
],
"answer_start": [
80
]
} |
56e0353d7aa994140058e373 | Comics | Coulton Waugh attempted the first comprehensive history of American comics with The Comics (1947). Will Eisner's Comics and Sequential Art (1985) and Scott McCloud's Understanding Comics (1993) were early attempts in English to formalize the study of comics. David Carrier's The Aesthetics of Comics (2000) was the first... | Who created a book about comics from a philosophical point of view? | {
"text": [
"David Carrier"
],
"answer_start": [
259
]
} |
56e0353d7aa994140058e375 | Comics | Coulton Waugh attempted the first comprehensive history of American comics with The Comics (1947). Will Eisner's Comics and Sequential Art (1985) and Scott McCloud's Understanding Comics (1993) were early attempts in English to formalize the study of comics. David Carrier's The Aesthetics of Comics (2000) was the first... | What book did Will Eisner create in 1985? | {
"text": [
"Comics and Sequential Art"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} |
5acf915177cf76001a6852a4 | Comics | Coulton Waugh attempted the first comprehensive history of American comics with The Comics (1947). Will Eisner's Comics and Sequential Art (1985) and Scott McCloud's Understanding Comics (1993) were early attempts in English to formalize the study of comics. David Carrier's The Aesthetics of Comics (2000) was the first... | Who put together a history of American comics in 1974? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf915177cf76001a6852a5 | Comics | Coulton Waugh attempted the first comprehensive history of American comics with The Comics (1947). Will Eisner's Comics and Sequential Art (1985) and Scott McCloud's Understanding Comics (1993) were early attempts in English to formalize the study of comics. David Carrier's The Aesthetics of Comics (2000) was the first... | Who didn't put together a history of American comics in 1947? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf915177cf76001a6852a6 | Comics | Coulton Waugh attempted the first comprehensive history of American comics with The Comics (1947). Will Eisner's Comics and Sequential Art (1985) and Scott McCloud's Understanding Comics (1993) were early attempts in English to formalize the study of comics. David Carrier's The Aesthetics of Comics (2000) was the first... | What wasn't the name of Waugh's work? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf915177cf76001a6852a7 | Comics | Coulton Waugh attempted the first comprehensive history of American comics with The Comics (1947). Will Eisner's Comics and Sequential Art (1985) and Scott McCloud's Understanding Comics (1993) were early attempts in English to formalize the study of comics. David Carrier's The Aesthetics of Comics (2000) was the first... | Who created a book about comics from a biographical point of view? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf915177cf76001a6852a8 | Comics | Coulton Waugh attempted the first comprehensive history of American comics with The Comics (1947). Will Eisner's Comics and Sequential Art (1985) and Scott McCloud's Understanding Comics (1993) were early attempts in English to formalize the study of comics. David Carrier's The Aesthetics of Comics (2000) was the first... | What book did Will Eisner create in 1958? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e035be7aa994140058e385 | Comics | Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defining factor, which can imply the exclusion of even photographic ... | What word is used in France for comics? | {
"text": [
"bandes dessinées"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
} |
56e035be7aa994140058e386 | Comics | Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defining factor, which can imply the exclusion of even photographic ... | What word is used in Japan for comics? | {
"text": [
"manga"
],
"answer_start": [
337
]
} |
56e035be7aa994140058e388 | Comics | Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defining factor, which can imply the exclusion of even photographic ... | What does bandes dessinées mean? | {
"text": [
"drawn strip"
],
"answer_start": [
188
]
} |
56e035be7aa994140058e389 | Comics | Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defining factor, which can imply the exclusion of even photographic ... | What is the definitive factor of bandes dessinées? | {
"text": [
"drawn images"
],
"answer_start": [
234
]
} |
5acf91a777cf76001a6852ae | Comics | Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defining factor, which can imply the exclusion of even photographic ... | What word is rejected in France for comics? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf91a777cf76001a6852af | Comics | Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defining factor, which can imply the exclusion of even photographic ... | What word is used in France for comedies? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf91a777cf76001a6852b0 | Comics | Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defining factor, which can imply the exclusion of even photographic ... | What word isn't used in Japan for comics? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf91a777cf76001a6852b1 | Comics | Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defining factor, which can imply the exclusion of even photographic ... | What doesn't bandes dessinées mean? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf91a777cf76001a6852b2 | Comics | Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defining factor, which can imply the exclusion of even photographic ... | What is the non-definitive factor of bandes dessinées? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e038497aa994140058e3a5 | Comics | Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page. | What comics are on the Internet? | {
"text": [
"Webcomics"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
56e038497aa994140058e3a6 | Comics | Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page. | Webcomics reach large audiences and new what? | {
"text": [
"readers"
],
"answer_start": [
105
]
} |
56e038497aa994140058e3a7 | Comics | Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page. | With webcomics, readers have access to what? | {
"text": [
"archived installments"
],
"answer_start": [
132
]
} |
56e038497aa994140058e3a8 | Comics | Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page. | Not held back by size limits, webcomics are said to have a what? | {
"text": [
"infinite canvas"
],
"answer_start": [
184
]
} |
5acf8dae77cf76001a685228 | Comics | Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page. | What comics aren't on the Internet? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf8dae77cf76001a685229 | Comics | Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page. | Webcomics reach small audiences and new what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf8dae77cf76001a68522a | Comics | Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page. | Webcomics reach large audiences and old what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf8dae77cf76001a68522b | Comics | Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page. | With webcomics, readers have no access to what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5acf8dae77cf76001a68522c | Comics | Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page. | Held back by size limits, webcomics are said to have a what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e0388a231d4119001abfdd | Comics | Some consider storyboards and wordless novels to be comics. Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rarely seen by the public. Wordless novels are books which use sequences of captionless images to de... | Storyboards and what are thought to be comics by some? | {
"text": [
"Wordless novels"
],
"answer_start": [
247
]
} |
56e0388a231d4119001abfde | Comics | Some consider storyboards and wordless novels to be comics. Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rarely seen by the public. Wordless novels are books which use sequences of captionless images to de... | Storyboards are used a lot by what? | {
"text": [
"Film studios"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} |
56e0388a231d4119001abfdf | Comics | Some consider storyboards and wordless novels to be comics. Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rarely seen by the public. Wordless novels are books which use sequences of captionless images to de... | Storyboards are not considered what? | {
"text": [
"an end product"
],
"answer_start": [
197
]
} |
56e0388a231d4119001abfe0 | Comics | Some consider storyboards and wordless novels to be comics. Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rarely seen by the public. Wordless novels are books which use sequences of captionless images to de... | Who does not often see storyboards used in film making? | {
"text": [
"the public"
],
"answer_start": [
235
]
} |
56e0388a231d4119001abfe1 | Comics | Some consider storyboards and wordless novels to be comics. Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rarely seen by the public. Wordless novels are books which use sequences of captionless images to de... | A book with pictures with no captions that tell a story are called what? | {
"text": [
"Wordless novels"
],
"answer_start": [
247
]
} |
5acf8e0f77cf76001a685232 | Comics | Some consider storyboards and wordless novels to be comics. Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rarely seen by the public. Wordless novels are books which use sequences of captionless images to de... | Storyboards and what are thought to be comics by all? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
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