id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 25.7k | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
56e8fbad0b45c0140094cdc6 | Westminster_Abbey | The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908. | The area the museum occupies dates back to when? | {
"text": [
"1065"
],
"answer_start": [
261
]
} |
56e8fbad0b45c0140094cdc7 | Westminster_Abbey | The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908. | The vaulted undercroft beneath the monks' dormitory has been a museum since when? | {
"text": [
"1908"
],
"answer_start": [
310
]
} |
5ad4008a604f3c001a3ffcd5 | Westminster_Abbey | The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908. | What is located in the vaulted overcroft beneath the monks' dormitory? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad4008a604f3c001a3ffcd6 | Westminster_Abbey | The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908. | What is located in the vaulted undercroft above the monks' dormitory? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad4008a604f3c001a3ffcd7 | Westminster_Abbey | The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908. | The area the store occupies dates back to when? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad4008a604f3c001a3ffcd8 | Westminster_Abbey | The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908. | The vaulted undercroft beneath the monks' dormitory hasn't been a museum since when? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad4008a604f3c001a3ffcd9 | Westminster_Abbey | The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908. | The vaulted overcroft beneath the monks' dormitory has been a museum since when? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e8fc6799e8941900975f51 | Westminster_Abbey | The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edwar... | What belonging to Henry V is in the museum? | {
"text": [
"funeral saddle, helm and shield"
],
"answer_start": [
71
]
} |
56e8fc6799e8941900975f53 | Westminster_Abbey | The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edwar... | What kind of panels are in the museum? | {
"text": [
"panels of mediaeval glass"
],
"answer_start": [
162
]
} |
5ad400cf604f3c001a3ffce5 | Westminster_Abbey | The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edwar... | What belonging to Henry VI is in the museum? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad400cf604f3c001a3ffce6 | Westminster_Abbey | The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edwar... | What belonging to Henry V isn't in the museum? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad400cf604f3c001a3ffce7 | Westminster_Abbey | The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edwar... | What not belonging to Henry V is in the museum? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad400cf604f3c001a3ffce8 | Westminster_Abbey | The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edwar... | What kind of panels aren't in the museum? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad400cf604f3c001a3ffce9 | Westminster_Abbey | The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edwar... | What kind of panels are in the library? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e8fd2b99e8941900975f59 | Westminster_Abbey | Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 wa... | Who modelled the effigies in the museum? | {
"text": [
"sculptor Patience Wright"
],
"answer_start": [
190
]
} |
56e8fd2b99e8941900975f5a | Westminster_Abbey | Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 wa... | What are the effigies made of? | {
"text": [
"wax"
],
"answer_start": [
6
]
} |
56e8fd2b99e8941900975f5b | Westminster_Abbey | Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 wa... | What is the effigy of Viscount Nelson wearing? | {
"text": [
"some of his own clothes"
],
"answer_start": [
75
]
} |
5ad40114604f3c001a3ffd01 | Westminster_Abbey | Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 wa... | Who never modelled the effigies in the museum? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad40114604f3c001a3ffd02 | Westminster_Abbey | Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 wa... | What aren't the effigies made of? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad40114604f3c001a3ffd03 | Westminster_Abbey | Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 wa... | What are the fridges made of? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad40114604f3c001a3ffd04 | Westminster_Abbey | Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 wa... | What is the effigy of Discount Nelson wearing? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad40114604f3c001a3ffd05 | Westminster_Abbey | Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 wa... | What isn't the effigy of Viscount Nelson wearing? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e8fd9c99e8941900975f63 | Westminster_Abbey | A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved. | What was recently added to the museum exhibit? | {
"text": [
"13th-century Westminster Retable"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
} |
56e8fd9c99e8941900975f64 | Westminster_Abbey | A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved. | What is the Westminster Retable? | {
"text": [
"England's oldest altarpiece"
],
"answer_start": [
82
]
} |
56e8fd9c99e8941900975f65 | Westminster_Abbey | A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved. | What was the altarpiece designed for? | {
"text": [
"high altar of the abbey"
],
"answer_start": [
152
]
} |
56e8fd9c99e8941900975f66 | Westminster_Abbey | A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved. | What was damaged but cleaned and then conserved? | {
"text": [
"altarpiece"
],
"answer_start": [
99
]
} |
5ad40161604f3c001a3ffd15 | Westminster_Abbey | A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved. | What was recently subtracted from the museum exhibit? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad40161604f3c001a3ffd16 | Westminster_Abbey | A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved. | What wasn't recently added to the museum exhibit? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad40161604f3c001a3ffd17 | Westminster_Abbey | A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved. | What isn't the Westminster Retable? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad40161604f3c001a3ffd18 | Westminster_Abbey | A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved. | What was the altarpiece undesigned for? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad40161604f3c001a3ffd19 | Westminster_Abbey | A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved. | What was undamaged but cleaned and then conserved? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e8fe7f0b45c0140094cdcb | Westminster_Abbey | In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey e... | What was proposed for the abbey in June 2009? | {
"text": [
"major building work"
],
"answer_start": [
23
]
} |
56e8fe7f0b45c0140094cdcc | Westminster_Abbey | In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey e... | On what date did the Dean and Chapter announce that work would not be continued? | {
"text": [
"4 August 2010"
],
"answer_start": [
356
]
} |
56e8fe7f0b45c0140094cdcd | Westminster_Abbey | In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey e... | Panter Hudspith refurbished a 14th-century foodstore into what? | {
"text": [
"a restaurant"
],
"answer_start": [
692
]
} |
56e8fe7f0b45c0140094cdce | Westminster_Abbey | In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey e... | What kind of furniture is in the restaurant? | {
"text": [
"English Oak"
],
"answer_start": [
710
]
} |
56e8fe7f0b45c0140094cdcf | Westminster_Abbey | In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey e... | Who supplied the furniture for the restaurant? | {
"text": [
"Luke Hughes and Company"
],
"answer_start": [
772
]
} |
5ad401b0604f3c001a3ffd23 | Westminster_Abbey | In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey e... | What was proposed for the abbey in June 2008? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad401b0604f3c001a3ffd24 | Westminster_Abbey | In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey e... | On what date did the Dean and Chapter announce that work would be continued? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad401b0604f3c001a3ffd25 | Westminster_Abbey | In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey e... | Panter Hudspith refurbished a 13th-century foodstore into what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad401b0604f3c001a3ffd26 | Westminster_Abbey | In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey e... | What kind of furniture isn't in the restaurant? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad401b0604f3c001a3ffd27 | Westminster_Abbey | In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey e... | Who never supplied the furniture for the restaurant? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e8ff6c99e8941900975f6b | Westminster_Abbey | A project that is proceeding is the creation of The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries in the medieval triforium of the abbey. The aim is to create a new display area for the abbey's treasures in the galleries high up around the abbey's nave. To this end a new Gothic access tower with lift has been designed by the abbey... | What will be created in the medieval triforium? | {
"text": [
"The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
} |
56e8ff6c99e8941900975f6d | Westminster_Abbey | A project that is proceeding is the creation of The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries in the medieval triforium of the abbey. The aim is to create a new display area for the abbey's treasures in the galleries high up around the abbey's nave. To this end a new Gothic access tower with lift has been designed by the abbey... | What has been designed to help with the gallery? | {
"text": [
"Gothic access tower with lift"
],
"answer_start": [
260
]
} |
56e8ff6c99e8941900975f6f | Westminster_Abbey | A project that is proceeding is the creation of The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries in the medieval triforium of the abbey. The aim is to create a new display area for the abbey's treasures in the galleries high up around the abbey's nave. To this end a new Gothic access tower with lift has been designed by the abbey... | When will the new galleries open? | {
"text": [
"2018"
],
"answer_start": [
423
]
} |
5ad401f0604f3c001a3ffd37 | Westminster_Abbey | A project that is proceeding is the creation of The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries in the medieval triforium of the abbey. The aim is to create a new display area for the abbey's treasures in the galleries high up around the abbey's nave. To this end a new Gothic access tower with lift has been designed by the abbey... | What will be destroyed in the medieval triforium? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad401f0604f3c001a3ffd38 | Westminster_Abbey | A project that is proceeding is the creation of The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries in the medieval triforium of the abbey. The aim is to create a new display area for the abbey's treasures in the galleries high up around the abbey's nave. To this end a new Gothic access tower with lift has been designed by the abbey... | What will be created in the medieval biforium? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad401f0604f3c001a3ffd39 | Westminster_Abbey | A project that is proceeding is the creation of The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries in the medieval triforium of the abbey. The aim is to create a new display area for the abbey's treasures in the galleries high up around the abbey's nave. To this end a new Gothic access tower with lift has been designed by the abbey... | What has been undesigned to help with the gallery? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad401f0604f3c001a3ffd3a | Westminster_Abbey | A project that is proceeding is the creation of The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries in the medieval triforium of the abbey. The aim is to create a new display area for the abbey's treasures in the galleries high up around the abbey's nave. To this end a new Gothic access tower with lift has been designed by the abbey... | When will the new galleries close? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad401f0604f3c001a3ffd3b | Westminster_Abbey | A project that is proceeding is the creation of The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries in the medieval triforium of the abbey. The aim is to create a new display area for the abbey's treasures in the galleries high up around the abbey's nave. To this end a new Gothic access tower with lift has been designed by the abbey... | When will the old galleries open? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
56e9ebac5a205f1900d6d326 | Political_corruption | Political corruption is the use of powers by government officials for illegitimate private gain. An illegal act by an officeholder constitutes political corruption only if the act is directly related to their official duties, is done under color of law or involves trading in influence. | What is it called when government officials use their power for private gain? | {
"text": [
"Political corruption"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
56e9ed745a205f1900d6d32c | Political_corruption | Forms of corruption vary, but include bribery, extortion, cronyism, nepotism, gombeenism, parochialism patronage, influence peddling, graft, and embezzlement. Corruption may facilitate criminal enterprise such as drug trafficking, money laundering, and human trafficking, though is not restricted to these activities. Mi... | One form of corruption involves the hiring of family members, which is called what? | {
"text": [
"nepotism"
],
"answer_start": [
68
]
} |
56e9ed745a205f1900d6d32d | Political_corruption | Forms of corruption vary, but include bribery, extortion, cronyism, nepotism, gombeenism, parochialism patronage, influence peddling, graft, and embezzlement. Corruption may facilitate criminal enterprise such as drug trafficking, money laundering, and human trafficking, though is not restricted to these activities. Mi... | Another form of corruption, the practice of usury, is called what? | {
"text": [
"gombeenism"
],
"answer_start": [
78
]
} |
56e9ed745a205f1900d6d32e | Political_corruption | Forms of corruption vary, but include bribery, extortion, cronyism, nepotism, gombeenism, parochialism patronage, influence peddling, graft, and embezzlement. Corruption may facilitate criminal enterprise such as drug trafficking, money laundering, and human trafficking, though is not restricted to these activities. Mi... | Three forms of corruption that can promote criminal activities include drugs, money laundering, and what? | {
"text": [
"human trafficking"
],
"answer_start": [
253
]
} |
56e9ed745a205f1900d6d32f | Political_corruption | Forms of corruption vary, but include bribery, extortion, cronyism, nepotism, gombeenism, parochialism patronage, influence peddling, graft, and embezzlement. Corruption may facilitate criminal enterprise such as drug trafficking, money laundering, and human trafficking, though is not restricted to these activities. Mi... | The repression of what is also considered political corruption? | {
"text": [
"political opponents"
],
"answer_start": [
387
]
} |
56e9f4805a205f1900d6d336 | Political_corruption | The activities that constitute illegal corruption differ depending on the country or jurisdiction. For instance, some political funding practices that are legal in one place may be illegal in another. In some cases, government officials have broad or ill-defined powers, which make it difficult to distinguish between le... | Which crime costs over one trillion U.S. dollars every year, world-wide? | {
"text": [
"bribery"
],
"answer_start": [
356
]
} |
56e9f4805a205f1900d6d337 | Political_corruption | The activities that constitute illegal corruption differ depending on the country or jurisdiction. For instance, some political funding practices that are legal in one place may be illegal in another. In some cases, government officials have broad or ill-defined powers, which make it difficult to distinguish between le... | What does kleptocracy mean? | {
"text": [
"rule by thieves"
],
"answer_start": [
522
]
} |
56ea8ec15a205f1900d6d33c | Political_corruption | Some forms of corruption – now called "institutional corruption" – are distinguished from bribery and other kinds of obvious personal gain. A similar problem of corruption arises in any institution that depends on financial support from people who have interests that may conflict with the primary purpose of the institu... | What are some forms of corruption now called? | {
"text": [
"institutional corruption"
],
"answer_start": [
39
]
} |
56ea8ec15a205f1900d6d33d | Political_corruption | Some forms of corruption – now called "institutional corruption" – are distinguished from bribery and other kinds of obvious personal gain. A similar problem of corruption arises in any institution that depends on financial support from people who have interests that may conflict with the primary purpose of the institu... | Institutional corruption is distinguished from what type of corruption? | {
"text": [
"bribery"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} |
56ea8ec15a205f1900d6d33e | Political_corruption | Some forms of corruption – now called "institutional corruption" – are distinguished from bribery and other kinds of obvious personal gain. A similar problem of corruption arises in any institution that depends on financial support from people who have interests that may conflict with the primary purpose of the institu... | This type of problem happens in any organization where the interests of the people who financially support it conflicts with what? | {
"text": [
"the primary purpose of the institution"
],
"answer_start": [
286
]
} |
56ea90465a205f1900d6d342 | Political_corruption | In politics, corruption undermines democracy and good governance by flouting or even subverting formal processes. Corruption in elections and in the legislature reduces accountability and distorts representation in policymaking; corruption in the judiciary compromises the rule of law; and corruption in public administr... | What does corruption undermine in politics? | {
"text": [
"democracy"
],
"answer_start": [
35
]
} |
56ea90465a205f1900d6d343 | Political_corruption | In politics, corruption undermines democracy and good governance by flouting or even subverting formal processes. Corruption in elections and in the legislature reduces accountability and distorts representation in policymaking; corruption in the judiciary compromises the rule of law; and corruption in public administr... | What does corruption disregard in politics? | {
"text": [
"formal processes"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
} |
56ea90465a205f1900d6d344 | Political_corruption | In politics, corruption undermines democracy and good governance by flouting or even subverting formal processes. Corruption in elections and in the legislature reduces accountability and distorts representation in policymaking; corruption in the judiciary compromises the rule of law; and corruption in public administr... | Political corruption in legislature reduces what, overall? | {
"text": [
"accountability"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
} |
56ea90465a205f1900d6d345 | Political_corruption | In politics, corruption undermines democracy and good governance by flouting or even subverting formal processes. Corruption in elections and in the legislature reduces accountability and distorts representation in policymaking; corruption in the judiciary compromises the rule of law; and corruption in public administr... | Corruption in what compromises the rule of law? | {
"text": [
"judiciary"
],
"answer_start": [
247
]
} |
56ea90465a205f1900d6d346 | Political_corruption | In politics, corruption undermines democracy and good governance by flouting or even subverting formal processes. Corruption in elections and in the legislature reduces accountability and distorts representation in policymaking; corruption in the judiciary compromises the rule of law; and corruption in public administr... | Corruption in what creates weak provision of services? | {
"text": [
"public administration"
],
"answer_start": [
304
]
} |
56ea91795a205f1900d6d34c | Political_corruption | More generally, corruption erodes the institutional capacity of government if procedures are disregarded, resources are siphoned off, and public offices are bought and sold. Corruption undermines the legitimacy of government and such democratic values as trust and tolerance. Recent evidence suggests that variation in t... | What two democratic values are soiled due to corruption? | {
"text": [
"trust and tolerance"
],
"answer_start": [
255
]
} |
56ea91795a205f1900d6d34d | Political_corruption | More generally, corruption erodes the institutional capacity of government if procedures are disregarded, resources are siphoned off, and public offices are bought and sold. Corruption undermines the legitimacy of government and such democratic values as trust and tolerance. Recent evidence suggests that variation in t... | Corruption disintegrates government capacity when public offices are what? | {
"text": [
"bought and sold"
],
"answer_start": [
157
]
} |
56ea91795a205f1900d6d34e | Political_corruption | More generally, corruption erodes the institutional capacity of government if procedures are disregarded, resources are siphoned off, and public offices are bought and sold. Corruption undermines the legitimacy of government and such democratic values as trust and tolerance. Recent evidence suggests that variation in t... | The level of corruption can vary in richer democracies in regards to the what of those officials making decisions? | {
"text": [
"accountability"
],
"answer_start": [
425
]
} |
56ea931e5a205f1900d6d352 | Political_corruption | In the private sector, corruption increases the cost of business through the price of illicit payments themselves, the management cost of negotiating with officials and the risk of breached agreements or detection. Although some claim corruption reduces costs by cutting bureaucracy, the availability of bribes can also ... | Corruption raises the cost of business because of illegal payments in what sector? | {
"text": [
"private"
],
"answer_start": [
7
]
} |
56ea931e5a205f1900d6d353 | Political_corruption | In the private sector, corruption increases the cost of business through the price of illicit payments themselves, the management cost of negotiating with officials and the risk of breached agreements or detection. Although some claim corruption reduces costs by cutting bureaucracy, the availability of bribes can also ... | Some people feel that corruption actually reduces costs because it cuts what? | {
"text": [
"bureaucracy"
],
"answer_start": [
271
]
} |
56ea931e5a205f1900d6d355 | Political_corruption | In the private sector, corruption increases the cost of business through the price of illicit payments themselves, the management cost of negotiating with officials and the risk of breached agreements or detection. Although some claim corruption reduces costs by cutting bureaucracy, the availability of bribes can also ... | What process is better than allowing bribes to remain in place? | {
"text": [
"Openly removing costly and lengthy regulations"
],
"answer_start": [
371
]
} |
56ea931e5a205f1900d6d356 | Political_corruption | In the private sector, corruption increases the cost of business through the price of illicit payments themselves, the management cost of negotiating with officials and the risk of breached agreements or detection. Although some claim corruption reduces costs by cutting bureaucracy, the availability of bribes can also ... | Corruption changes the playing field by allowing businesses with connections to be shielded by what? | {
"text": [
"competition"
],
"answer_start": [
611
]
} |
56ea94715a205f1900d6d35c | Political_corruption | Corruption also generates economic distortion in the public sector by diverting public investment into capital projects where bribes and kickbacks are more plentiful. Officials may increase the technical complexity of public sector projects to conceal or pave the way for such dealings, thus further distorting investmen... | Economic distortion is created by corruption in the public sector by diverting what into capital projects? | {
"text": [
"public investment"
],
"answer_start": [
80
]
} |
56ea94715a205f1900d6d35d | Political_corruption | Corruption also generates economic distortion in the public sector by diverting public investment into capital projects where bribes and kickbacks are more plentiful. Officials may increase the technical complexity of public sector projects to conceal or pave the way for such dealings, thus further distorting investmen... | What is more plentiful in capital projects? | {
"text": [
"bribes and kickbacks"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} |
56ea94715a205f1900d6d360 | Political_corruption | Corruption also generates economic distortion in the public sector by diverting public investment into capital projects where bribes and kickbacks are more plentiful. Officials may increase the technical complexity of public sector projects to conceal or pave the way for such dealings, thus further distorting investmen... | Corruption can lower what with environmental regulations? | {
"text": [
"compliance"
],
"answer_start": [
346
]
} |
56ea95025a205f1900d6d366 | Political_corruption | Economists argue that one of the factors behind the differing economic development in Africa and Asia is that in Africa, corruption has primarily taken the form of rent extraction with the resulting financial capital moved overseas rather than invested at home (hence the stereotypical, but often accurate, image of Afri... | African dictators often have what kind of bank accounts? | {
"text": [
"Swiss"
],
"answer_start": [
341
]
} |
56ea95025a205f1900d6d367 | Political_corruption | Economists argue that one of the factors behind the differing economic development in Africa and Asia is that in Africa, corruption has primarily taken the form of rent extraction with the resulting financial capital moved overseas rather than invested at home (hence the stereotypical, but often accurate, image of Afri... | What form has corruption taken in Africa? | {
"text": [
"rent extraction"
],
"answer_start": [
164
]
} |
56ea95025a205f1900d6d368 | Political_corruption | Economists argue that one of the factors behind the differing economic development in Africa and Asia is that in Africa, corruption has primarily taken the form of rent extraction with the resulting financial capital moved overseas rather than invested at home (hence the stereotypical, but often accurate, image of Afri... | In Africa, the finances are often moved where? | {
"text": [
"overseas"
],
"answer_start": [
223
]
} |
56ea963e5a205f1900d6d36e | Political_corruption | University of Massachusetts Amherst researchers estimated that from 1970 to 1996, capital flight from 30 Sub-Saharan countries totaled $187bn, exceeding those nations' external debts. (The results, expressed in retarded or suppressed development, have been modeled in theory by economist Mancur Olson.) In the case of Af... | Which researchers studied corruption from Sub-Saharan countries from 1970 to 1996? | {
"text": [
"University of Massachusetts Amherst"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
56ea963e5a205f1900d6d370 | Political_corruption | University of Massachusetts Amherst researchers estimated that from 1970 to 1996, capital flight from 30 Sub-Saharan countries totaled $187bn, exceeding those nations' external debts. (The results, expressed in retarded or suppressed development, have been modeled in theory by economist Mancur Olson.) In the case of Af... | The 187 billion exceeded what in these countries? | {
"text": [
"external debts"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
} |
56ea963e5a205f1900d6d371 | Political_corruption | University of Massachusetts Amherst researchers estimated that from 1970 to 1996, capital flight from 30 Sub-Saharan countries totaled $187bn, exceeding those nations' external debts. (The results, expressed in retarded or suppressed development, have been modeled in theory by economist Mancur Olson.) In the case of Af... | What was one of the factors for this behavior in Africa? | {
"text": [
"political instability"
],
"answer_start": [
367
]
} |
56ea97140030b61400a34fbd | Political_corruption | Corruption is often most evident in countries with the smallest per capita incomes, relying on foreign aid for health services. Local political interception of donated money from overseas is especially prevalent in Sub-Saharan African nations, where it was reported in the 2006 World Bank Report that about half of the f... | Where is corruption most noticeable? | {
"text": [
"countries with the smallest per capita incomes"
],
"answer_start": [
36
]
} |
56ea97140030b61400a34fbe | Political_corruption | Corruption is often most evident in countries with the smallest per capita incomes, relying on foreign aid for health services. Local political interception of donated money from overseas is especially prevalent in Sub-Saharan African nations, where it was reported in the 2006 World Bank Report that about half of the f... | These countries rely on foreign aid for what? | {
"text": [
"health services"
],
"answer_start": [
111
]
} |
56ea97140030b61400a34fbf | Political_corruption | Corruption is often most evident in countries with the smallest per capita incomes, relying on foreign aid for health services. Local political interception of donated money from overseas is especially prevalent in Sub-Saharan African nations, where it was reported in the 2006 World Bank Report that about half of the f... | In Sub-Saharan African countries, what level of government is corruption especially prevalent at? | {
"text": [
"Local"
],
"answer_start": [
128
]
} |
56ea97140030b61400a34fc0 | Political_corruption | Corruption is often most evident in countries with the smallest per capita incomes, relying on foreign aid for health services. Local political interception of donated money from overseas is especially prevalent in Sub-Saharan African nations, where it was reported in the 2006 World Bank Report that about half of the f... | Which report described this corruption? | {
"text": [
"the 2006 World Bank Report"
],
"answer_start": [
269
]
} |
56ea97140030b61400a34fc1 | Political_corruption | Corruption is often most evident in countries with the smallest per capita incomes, relying on foreign aid for health services. Local political interception of donated money from overseas is especially prevalent in Sub-Saharan African nations, where it was reported in the 2006 World Bank Report that about half of the f... | How many funds did not reach their intended recipients who needed medical attention? | {
"text": [
"about half"
],
"answer_start": [
301
]
} |
56ea97ac5a205f1900d6d378 | Political_corruption | Instead, the donated money was expended through "counterfeit drugs, siphoning off of drugs to the black market, and payments to ghost employees". Ultimately, there is a sufficient amount of money for health in developing countries, but local corruption denies the wider citizenry the resource they require. | What kind of employees received payments? | {
"text": [
"ghost employees"
],
"answer_start": [
128
]
} |
56ea97ac5a205f1900d6d379 | Political_corruption | Instead, the donated money was expended through "counterfeit drugs, siphoning off of drugs to the black market, and payments to ghost employees". Ultimately, there is a sufficient amount of money for health in developing countries, but local corruption denies the wider citizenry the resource they require. | Where were drugs siphoned off to? | {
"text": [
"the black market"
],
"answer_start": [
94
]
} |
56ea97ac5a205f1900d6d37a | Political_corruption | Instead, the donated money was expended through "counterfeit drugs, siphoning off of drugs to the black market, and payments to ghost employees". Ultimately, there is a sufficient amount of money for health in developing countries, but local corruption denies the wider citizenry the resource they require. | In addition to ghost employees and the black market receiving drugs, what other way was money expended? | {
"text": [
"counterfeit drugs"
],
"answer_start": [
49
]
} |
56ea97ac5a205f1900d6d37b | Political_corruption | Instead, the donated money was expended through "counterfeit drugs, siphoning off of drugs to the black market, and payments to ghost employees". Ultimately, there is a sufficient amount of money for health in developing countries, but local corruption denies the wider citizenry the resource they require. | If local corruption did not exist, there would be enough what to help the people in these countries needing medical help? | {
"text": [
"money"
],
"answer_start": [
21
]
} |
56ea98980030b61400a34fc7 | Political_corruption | Corruption facilitates environmental destruction. While corrupt societies may have formal legislation to protect the environment, it cannot be enforced if officials can easily be bribed. The same applies to social rights worker protection, unionization prevention, and child labor. Violation of these laws rights enables... | Corruption aids what as far as the environment is concerned? | {
"text": [
"environmental destruction"
],
"answer_start": [
23
]
} |
56ea98980030b61400a34fc8 | Political_corruption | Corruption facilitates environmental destruction. While corrupt societies may have formal legislation to protect the environment, it cannot be enforced if officials can easily be bribed. The same applies to social rights worker protection, unionization prevention, and child labor. Violation of these laws rights enables... | Formal legislation cannot be regulated when officials are what? | {
"text": [
"bribed"
],
"answer_start": [
179
]
} |
56ea98980030b61400a34fc9 | Political_corruption | Corruption facilitates environmental destruction. While corrupt societies may have formal legislation to protect the environment, it cannot be enforced if officials can easily be bribed. The same applies to social rights worker protection, unionization prevention, and child labor. Violation of these laws rights enables... | Bribes also halt unions, the protection of children in labor, and what? | {
"text": [
"social rights worker protection"
],
"answer_start": [
207
]
} |
56ea98980030b61400a34fca | Political_corruption | Corruption facilitates environmental destruction. While corrupt societies may have formal legislation to protect the environment, it cannot be enforced if officials can easily be bribed. The same applies to social rights worker protection, unionization prevention, and child labor. Violation of these laws rights enables... | When these laws are broken, corrupt countries gain what in the international market? | {
"text": [
"illegitimate economic advantage"
],
"answer_start": [
347
]
} |
56ea99270030b61400a34fcf | Political_corruption | The Nobel Prize-winning economist Amartya Sen has observed that "there is no such thing as an apolitical food problem." While drought and other naturally occurring events may trigger famine conditions, it is government action or inaction that determines its severity, and often even whether or not a famine will occur. | Who has stated that apolitical food problems do not exist? | {
"text": [
"Amartya Sen"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} |
56ea99270030b61400a34fd1 | Political_corruption | The Nobel Prize-winning economist Amartya Sen has observed that "there is no such thing as an apolitical food problem." While drought and other naturally occurring events may trigger famine conditions, it is government action or inaction that determines its severity, and often even whether or not a famine will occur. | What can trigger famine conditions? | {
"text": [
"drought"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} |
56ea99270030b61400a34fd2 | Political_corruption | The Nobel Prize-winning economist Amartya Sen has observed that "there is no such thing as an apolitical food problem." While drought and other naturally occurring events may trigger famine conditions, it is government action or inaction that determines its severity, and often even whether or not a famine will occur. | While natural occurrences can cause famine, what determines the severity of it? | {
"text": [
"government action or inaction"
],
"answer_start": [
208
]
} |
56ea99c90030b61400a34fd7 | Political_corruption | Governments with strong tendencies towards kleptocracy can undermine food security even when harvests are good. Officials often steal state property. In Bihar, India, more than 80% of the subsidized food aid to poor is stolen by corrupt officials. Similarly, food aid is often robbed at gunpoint by governments, criminal... | Even if a harvest is good, food security can be crippled when a government has tendencies toward what? | {
"text": [
"kleptocracy"
],
"answer_start": [
43
]
} |
56ea9a965a205f1900d6d381 | Political_corruption | The scale of humanitarian aid to the poor and unstable regions of the world grows, but it is highly vulnerable to corruption, with food aid, construction and other highly valued assistance as the most at risk. Food aid can be directly and physically diverted from its intended destination, or indirectly through the mani... | Along with food aid, what is most at risk in these countries? | {
"text": [
"construction"
],
"answer_start": [
141
]
} |
56ea9a965a205f1900d6d382 | Political_corruption | The scale of humanitarian aid to the poor and unstable regions of the world grows, but it is highly vulnerable to corruption, with food aid, construction and other highly valued assistance as the most at risk. Food aid can be directly and physically diverted from its intended destination, or indirectly through the mani... | How is food aid usually directly redirected from the people it should go to? | {
"text": [
"physically diverted"
],
"answer_start": [
239
]
} |
56ea9a965a205f1900d6d383 | Political_corruption | The scale of humanitarian aid to the poor and unstable regions of the world grows, but it is highly vulnerable to corruption, with food aid, construction and other highly valued assistance as the most at risk. Food aid can be directly and physically diverted from its intended destination, or indirectly through the mani... | Food aid can also be indirectly diverted from its intended recipients through the manipulation of what? | {
"text": [
"assessments"
],
"answer_start": [
332
]
} |
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