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PMC11590947
core_pubmed_pmc
Effect of Body Size on Plasma and Tissue Pharmacokinetics of Danofloxacin in Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss )
Effect of Body Size on Plasma and Tissue Pharmacokinetics of Danofloxacin in Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) Abstract Simple Summary Changes in body size in fish can alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs, thereby affecting their therapeutic efficacy. Fish are among the animals that exhibit the greatest variability ...
PMC9343858
core_pubmed_pmc
Proteomics and Metabolomics Unveil Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. Ameliorates Gastric Precancerous Lesions via Regulating Energy Metabolism
Proteomics and Metabolomics Unveil Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. Ameliorates Gastric Precancerous Lesions via Regulating Energy Metabolism Abstract Abstract Objective: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. ( Codonopsis Radix , CR) and reveal the mechanis...
PMC10085936
core_pubmed_pmc
Population Pharmacokinetics and Exposure–Response Analysis for the Phase 3 COSMIC-311 Trial of Cabozantinib for Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Population Pharmacokinetics and Exposure–Response Analysis for the Phase 3 COSMIC-311 Trial of Cabozantinib for Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Abstract Abstract Background and Objective In the USA, cabozantinib was approved for the treatment of patients aged ≥ 12 years with radioiodine-refractory ...
PMC12221929
core_pubmed_pmc
Increasing plasma ketamine concentrations decrease the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in rabbits
Increasing plasma ketamine concentrations decrease the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in rabbits Abstract Abstract To evaluate the effects of increasing plasma ketamine concentration on isoflurane minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) in rabbits, six New Zealand white rabbits weighing 4.21 ± 0.35 kg were a...
PMC12287809
core_pubmed_pmc
A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Study on Pharmacokinetic‐Guided Vancomycin Use in Children With Severe Infections
A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Study on Pharmacokinetic‐Guided Vancomycin Use in Children With Severe Infections Abstract ABSTRACT This study is a multicenter, randomized controlled prospective trial aimed at evaluating the effects of two vancomycin pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) parameters on clinical ...
PMC9558428
core_pubmed_pmc
A randomised trial of anti-GM-CSF otilimab in severe COVID-19 pneumonia (OSCAR)
A randomised trial of anti-GM-CSF otilimab in severe COVID-19 pneumonia (OSCAR) Abstract Background Granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and dysregulated myeloid cell responses are implicated in the pathophysiology and severity of COVID-19. Methods In this randomised, sequential, multicentre, place...
PMC9137962
core_pubmed_pmc
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antifungal Agents in Critically Ill Patients: Is There a Need for Dose Optimisation?
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antifungal Agents in Critically Ill Patients: Is There a Need for Dose Optimisation? Abstract Abstract Invasive fungal infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in critically ill patients. Increasing resistance rates and inadequate antifungal exposure have b...
PMC9494962
core_pubmed_pmc
Do Different Sutures with Triclosan Have Different Antimicrobial Activities? A Pharmacodynamic Approach
Do Different Sutures with Triclosan Have Different Antimicrobial Activities? A Pharmacodynamic Approach Abstract (1) Background: Three antimicrobial absorbable sutures have different triclosan (TS) loads, triclosan release kinetics and hydrolysis times. This in vitro study aims to analyse and compare their antimicrobia...
PMC2912772
core_pubmed_pmc
A Conserved Behavioral State Barrier Impedes Transitions between Anesthetic-Induced Unconsciousness and Wakefulness: Evidence for Neural Inertia
A Conserved Behavioral State Barrier Impedes Transitions between Anesthetic-Induced Unconsciousness and Wakefulness: Evidence for Neural Inertia Abstract One major unanswered question in neuroscience is how the brain transitions between conscious and unconscious states. General anesthetics offer a controllable means to...
PMC4160330
core_pubmed_pmc
Synthesis, pharmacokinetics, and biological use of lysine-modified single-walled carbon nanotubes
Synthesis, pharmacokinetics, and biological use of lysine-modified single-walled carbon nanotubes Abstract We aimed to create a more robust and more accessible standard for amine-modifying single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). A 1,3-cycloaddition was developed using an azomethine ylide, generated by reacting parafor...
PMC6354687
core_pubmed_pmc
Model-dependent pharmacokinetic analysis of enalapril administered to healthy adult volunteers using orodispersible minitablets for use in pediatrics
Model-dependent pharmacokinetic analysis of enalapril administered to healthy adult volunteers using orodispersible minitablets for use in pediatrics Abstract Abstract Introduction Comparative pharmacokinetic (PK) data analysis of drugs administered using developed child-appropriate and market authorized dosage formula...
PMC11360054
core_pubmed_pmc
Synthetic Naphthoquinone Inhibits Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Replication Targeting Na + , K + ATPase
Synthetic Naphthoquinone Inhibits Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Replication Targeting Na + , K + ATPase Abstract Since 1970 acyclovir (ACV) has been the reference drug in treating herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. However, resistant herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) strains have emerged, narrowing the treatment ef...
PMC7912692
core_pubmed_pmc
Evidence for Establishing the Clinical Breakpoint of Cefquinome against Haemophilus Parasuis in China
Evidence for Establishing the Clinical Breakpoint of Cefquinome against Haemophilus Parasuis in China Abstract Abstract Haemophilus parasuis can cause high morbidity and mortality in swine. Cefquinome possesses excellent antibacterial activity against pathogens causing diseases of the respiratory tract. This study aime...
PMC12582058
core_pubmed_pmc
Scoping review of associations between cytochrome P450 3A4/5 single nucleotide polymorphisms and risk factors for fentanyl overdose
Scoping review of associations between cytochrome P450 3A4/5 single nucleotide polymorphisms and risk factors for fentanyl overdose Abstract ABSTRACT Introduction Fentanyl overdose is a public health crisis in the United States, as fentanyl was implicated in nearly 70% of drug overdose deaths in 2023. To provide insigh...
PMC3689913
core_pubmed_pmc
Pharmacokinetic Dose Proportionality Between Two Strengths (12.5 mg and 25 mg) of Doxylamine Hydrogen Succinate Film-Coated Tablets in Fasting State: A Single-Dose, Randomized, Two-Period Crossover Study in Healthy Volunteers
Pharmacokinetic Dose Proportionality Between Two Strengths (12.5 mg and 25 mg) of Doxylamine Hydrogen Succinate Film-Coated Tablets in Fasting State: A Single-Dose, Randomized, Two-Period Crossover Study in Healthy Volunteers Abstract Background Doxylamine succinate, an ethanolamine-based antihistamine, is used in the ...
PMC10902586
core_pubmed_pmc
Development of a model to predict vancomycin serum concentration during continuous infusion of vancomycin in critically ill pediatric patients
Development of a model to predict vancomycin serum concentration during continuous infusion of vancomycin in critically ill pediatric patients Abstract Abstract Vancomycin is a frequently used antibiotic in intensive care units, and the patient’s renal clearance affects the pharmacokinetic characteristics of vancomycin...
PMC9372417
core_pubmed_pmc
A permeability‐ and perfusion‐based PBPK model for improved prediction of concentration‐time profiles
A permeability‐ and perfusion‐based PBPK model for improved prediction of concentration‐time profiles Abstract Abstract To improve predictions of concentration‐time (C‐t) profiles of drugs, a new physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling framework (termed ‘PermQ’) has been developed. This model includes permeabili...
PMC6448905
core_pubmed_pmc
Evidence-based prioritisation and enrichment of genes interacting with metformin in type 2 diabetes
Evidence-based prioritisation and enrichment of genes interacting with metformin in type 2 diabetes Abstract Aims/hypothesis There is an extensive body of literature suggesting the involvement of multiple loci in regulating the action of metformin; most findings lack replication, without which distinguishing true-posit...
PMC9907522
core_pubmed_pmc
A Phase 2, Randomized, Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled, Proof-of-Concept Trial of Oral Fexinidazole in Adults With Chronic Indeterminate Chagas Disease
A Phase 2, Randomized, Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled, Proof-of-Concept Trial of Oral Fexinidazole in Adults With Chronic Indeterminate Chagas Disease Abstract Abstract Background Chagas disease (CD) has significant global health impact, but safe, effective treatments remain elusive. The nitroimidazole fexinidazole is...
PMC5370104
core_pubmed_pmc
Pharmacokinetics of a single 1g dose of azithromycin in rectal tissue in men
Pharmacokinetics of a single 1g dose of azithromycin in rectal tissue in men Abstract Chlamydia is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection among men who have sex with men. Repeat infection following treatment with 1g azithromycin is common and treatment failure of up to 22% has been reported. This stud...
PMC6706711
core_pubmed_pmc
How Much Vancomycin Dose Is Enough For The MRSA Infection in Pediatric Patients With Various Degrees of Renal Function?
How Much Vancomycin Dose Is Enough For The MRSA Infection in Pediatric Patients With Various Degrees of Renal Function? Abstract Abstract Today, an increase in vancomycin dose has been proposed to ensure efficacy. However, the risk of nephrotoxicity will increase with the dose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the...
PMC9210257
core_pubmed_pmc
Pharmacokinetics of bisphenol A in humans following dermal administration
Pharmacokinetics of bisphenol A in humans following dermal administration Abstract Background: Human exposures to bisphenol A (BPA) are widespread. The current study addresses uncertainties regarding human pharmacokinetics of BPA following dermal exposure. Objective: To examine the absorption, distribution, metabolism ...
PMC3403372
core_pubmed_pmc
Bioequivalence and Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Two Forms of Antibiotic, Cefuroxime Lysine and Cefuroxime Sodium, after Intravenous Infusion in Beagle Dogs
Bioequivalence and Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Two Forms of Antibiotic, Cefuroxime Lysine and Cefuroxime Sodium, after Intravenous Infusion in Beagle Dogs Abstract Abstract To investigate the bioequivalence and the population pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime lysine and cefuroxime sodium in healthy beagle dogs....
PMC11670702
core_pubmed_pmc
Cannabichromene from full-spectrum hemp extract exerts acute anti-seizure effects through allosteric activation of GABA A receptors
Cannabichromene from full-spectrum hemp extract exerts acute anti-seizure effects through allosteric activation of GABA A receptors Abstract Abstract The approval of Epidiolex, an anti-epileptic drug containing cannabidiol (CBD) as its active component, has brought hope to patients with refractory epilepsy. However, th...
PMC12196157
core_pubmed_pmc
Cystoseira spinosa Polysaccharide: A Promising Natural Source for Antioxidant, Pro-Angiogenic, and Wound Healing Applications: In Silico Study
Cystoseira spinosa Polysaccharide: A Promising Natural Source for Antioxidant, Pro-Angiogenic, and Wound Healing Applications: In Silico Study Abstract Background/Objectives: This study evaluated the potential of a polysaccharide (PCS) extracted from the brown alga Cystoseira spinosa as an antioxidant and anti-inflamma...
PMC5225183
core_pubmed_pmc
Fingerprinting of neurotoxic compounds using a mouse embryonic stem cell dual luminescence reporter assay
Fingerprinting of neurotoxic compounds using a mouse embryonic stem cell dual luminescence reporter assay Abstract Abstract Identification of neurotoxic drugs and environmental chemicals is an important challenge. However, only few tools to address this topic are available. The aim of this study was to develop a neurot...
PMC12823323
core_pubmed_pmc
B Cell Differentiation Model for Identifying Predictors of Responses to Rituximab‐Mediated B Cell Depletion in Rheumatic Diseases
B Cell Differentiation Model for Identifying Predictors of Responses to Rituximab‐Mediated B Cell Depletion in Rheumatic Diseases Abstract ABSTRACT Rituximab (RTX), an anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibody, has been used to treat autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, variability in therapeutic respons...
PMC12494607
core_pubmed_pmc
Exposure-safety Markov modeling of ocular adverse events in patient populations treated with tisotumab vedotin
Exposure-safety Markov modeling of ocular adverse events in patient populations treated with tisotumab vedotin Abstract Tisotumab vedotin (TV), a tissue factor–directed antibody–drug conjugate (ADC), is approved in the US at 2.0 mg/kg every 3 weeks (Q3W) for adult patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer f...
PMC5862168
core_pubmed_pmc
An international survey of management of pain and sedation after paediatric cardiac surgery
An international survey of management of pain and sedation after paediatric cardiac surgery Abstract Objective The mainstay of pain treatment after paediatric cardiac surgery is the use of opioids. Current guidelines for its optimal use are based on small, non-randomised clinical trials, and data on the pharmacokinetic...
PMC10941578
core_pubmed_pmc
gPKPDviz: A flexible R shiny tool for pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic simulations using mrgsolve
gPKPDviz: A flexible R shiny tool for pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic simulations using mrgsolve Abstract Abstract GPKPDviz is a Shiny application (app) dedicated to real‐time simulation, visualization, and assessment of the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models. Within the app, gPKPDviz is capable of generati...
PMC12813415
core_pubmed_pmc
Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr.: A Comprehensive Review of Its Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activity
Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr.: A Comprehensive Review of Its Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activity Abstract ABSTRACT Background and Aims Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr., a deciduous tropical tree of the Anacardiaceae family, is traditionally used in Asian ethnomedicine to treat diab...
PMC5719364
core_pubmed_pmc
High Dose Parenteral Ascorbate Inhibited Pancreatic Cancer Growth and Metastasis: Mechanisms and a Phase I/IIa study
High Dose Parenteral Ascorbate Inhibited Pancreatic Cancer Growth and Metastasis: Mechanisms and a Phase I/IIa study Abstract Abstract Pancreatic cancer is among the most lethal cancers with poorly tolerated treatments. There is increasing interest in using high-dose intravenous ascorbate (IVC) in treating this disease...
PMC4777250
core_pubmed_pmc
Modeling the pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic relationship of the monoclonal anti‐macaque‐ IL ‐15 antibody Hu714Mu XH u in cynomolgus monkeys
Modeling the pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic relationship of the monoclonal anti‐macaque‐ IL ‐15 antibody Hu714Mu XH u in cynomolgus monkeys Abstract Abstract Hu714Mu XH u is a recombinant chimeric murine‐human monoclonal antibody directed against interleukin‐15 ( IL ‐15), a proinflammatory cytokine associated with mem...
PMC9253448
core_pubmed_pmc
Comparative pharmacokinetics between two tablets of tramadol 37.5 mg/acetaminophen 325 mg and one tablet of tramadol 75 mg/acetaminophen 650 mg for extended-release fixed-dose combination
Comparative pharmacokinetics between two tablets of tramadol 37.5 mg/acetaminophen 325 mg and one tablet of tramadol 75 mg/acetaminophen 650 mg for extended-release fixed-dose combination Abstract An extended-release (ER) fixed-dose combination (FDC) of tramadol 37.5 mg/acetaminophen 325 mg was developed due to the dem...
PMC6527807
core_pubmed_pmc
Continuous-Infusion Vancomycin in Neonates: Assessment of a Dosing Regimen and Therapeutic Proposal
Continuous-Infusion Vancomycin in Neonates: Assessment of a Dosing Regimen and Therapeutic Proposal Abstract Introduction: Vancomycin remains the reference antibiotic in neonates for care-related infections caused by ß-lactam–resistant Gram-positive bacteria. Achieving the optimal serum vancomycin level is challenging ...
PMC8743745
core_pubmed_pmc
Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Tolerability of Opicapone in Healthy Chinese and Caucasian Subjects: An Open-Label, Single-Center, Phase 1 Study
Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Tolerability of Opicapone in Healthy Chinese and Caucasian Subjects: An Open-Label, Single-Center, Phase 1 Study Abstract Introduction This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of single and multiple doses of opicapone (OPC) in healthy Chinese and C...
PMC8541958
core_pubmed_pmc
Combination therapy with pazopanib and tivantinib modulates VEGF and c-MET levels in refractory advanced solid tumors
Combination therapy with pazopanib and tivantinib modulates VEGF and c-MET levels in refractory advanced solid tumors Abstract The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGFR and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-MET signaling pathways act synergistically to promote angiogenesis. Studies indicate VEGF inhibition lea...
PMC9906735
core_pubmed_pmc
Preclinical Evaluation of a Companion Diagnostic Radiopharmaceutical, [ 18 F]PSMA-1007, in a Subcutaneous Prostate Cancer Xenograft Mouse Model
Preclinical Evaluation of a Companion Diagnostic Radiopharmaceutical, [ 18 F]PSMA-1007, in a Subcutaneous Prostate Cancer Xenograft Mouse Model Abstract Several radiolabeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted agents have been developed for detecting prostate cancer, using positron emission tomography im...
PMC11567552
core_pubmed_pmc
Integrated virtual screening and MD simulation study to discover potential inhibitors of mycobacterial electron transfer flavoprotein oxidoreductase
Integrated virtual screening and MD simulation study to discover potential inhibitors of mycobacterial electron transfer flavoprotein oxidoreductase Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major global health burden, with high incidence and mortality rates, compounded by the emergence and spread of drug-resistant ...
PMC12496251
core_pubmed_pmc
Age-adjusted dosing of fludarabine for lymphodepletion in CAR T-cell therapy: a clinical trial simulation study
Age-adjusted dosing of fludarabine for lymphodepletion in CAR T-cell therapy: a clinical trial simulation study Abstract Key Points • This study shows that age-based FLU dosing can increase the number of individuals within a predefined cumulative area under the curve range. • Age-based or TDM-guided FLU dosing has the ...
PMC6524925
core_pubmed_pmc
Molecular Aggregation of Marketed Recombinant FVIII Products: Biochemical Evidence and Functional Effects
Molecular Aggregation of Marketed Recombinant FVIII Products: Biochemical Evidence and Functional Effects Abstract Background Recombinant (rec-) coagulation factor VIII concentrates available for hemophilia A (HA) treatment differ in cell line production and structure, which could affect their pharmacodynamics and immu...
PMC8097421
core_pubmed_pmc
AT-527, a Double Prodrug of a Guanosine Nucleotide Analog, Is a Potent Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro and a Promising Oral Antiviral for Treatment of COVID-19
AT-527, a Double Prodrug of a Guanosine Nucleotide Analog, Is a Potent Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro and a Promising Oral Antiviral for Treatment of COVID-19 Abstract The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, is global and unprecedented. Although rem...
PMC11554250
core_pubmed_pmc
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Olanzapine: Effects of Clinical Factors on Plasma Concentrations in Psychiatric Patients
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Olanzapine: Effects of Clinical Factors on Plasma Concentrations in Psychiatric Patients Abstract Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Background: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is strongly recommended for olanzapine due to its high pharmacokinetic variability. This s...
PMC10722959
core_pubmed_pmc
Optimizing Early-stage Clinical Pharmacology Evaluation to Accelerate Clinical Development of Giredestrant in Advanced Breast Cancer
Optimizing Early-stage Clinical Pharmacology Evaluation to Accelerate Clinical Development of Giredestrant in Advanced Breast Cancer Abstract Abstract Purpose: We describe the clinical pharmacology characterization of giredestrant in a first-in-human study. Experimental Design: This phase Ia/Ib dose-escalation/-expansi...
PMC10719468
core_pubmed_pmc
Phase I crossover study of DNA‐protein kinase inhibitor peposertib in healthy volunteers: Effect of food and pharmacokinetics of an oral suspension
Phase I crossover study of DNA‐protein kinase inhibitor peposertib in healthy volunteers: Effect of food and pharmacokinetics of an oral suspension Abstract Abstract Peposertib is an orally administered inhibitor of DNA‐dependent protein kinase. We evaluated the effect of food on its pharmacokinetics, and examined the ...
PMC10780485
core_pubmed_pmc
Marine Toxins as Pharmaceutical Treasure Troves: A Focus on Saxitoxin Derivatives from a Computational Point of View
Marine Toxins as Pharmaceutical Treasure Troves: A Focus on Saxitoxin Derivatives from a Computational Point of View Abstract This work highlights the significant potential of marine toxins, particularly saxitoxin (STX) and its derivatives, in the exploration of novel pharmaceuticals. These toxins, produced by aquatic ...
PMC8056735
core_pubmed_pmc
A randomized controlled trial with a delayed‐type hypersensitivity model using keyhole limpet haemocyanin to evaluate adaptive immune responses in man
A randomized controlled trial with a delayed‐type hypersensitivity model using keyhole limpet haemocyanin to evaluate adaptive immune responses in man Abstract Aims Keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) immunization is a clinical model for the evaluation of human antibody responses. The current study evaluated the anti‐KLH ...
PMC12927874
core_pubmed_pmc
A population pharmacokinetic study of ampicillin therapy in hospitalized foals
A population pharmacokinetic study of ampicillin therapy in hospitalized foals Abstract Abstract Background Pharmacokinetic studies on ampicillin in foals are limited, underscoring a relevant gap in knowledge, particularly regarding the treatment of critically ill neonatal foals. Hypothesis/Objectives To evaluate the a...
PMC10631080
core_pubmed_pmc
Efficacy of therapeutic drug monitoring-based antibiotic regimen in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Efficacy of therapeutic drug monitoring-based antibiotic regimen in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Abstract Abstract Background The efficacy of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)-based antimicrobial dosing optimization strategies on pharmacokinetics/pharmac...
PMC7578248
core_pubmed_pmc
Perspective for Precision Medicine for Tuberculosis
Perspective for Precision Medicine for Tuberculosis Abstract Tuberculosis is a bacterial infectious disease that is mainly transmitted from human to human via infectious aerosols. Currently, tuberculosis is the leading cause of death by an infectious disease world-wide. In the past decade, the number of patients affect...
PMC9804109
core_pubmed_pmc
A new triphenylphosphonium-conjugated amphipathic cationic peptide with improved cell-penetrating and ROS-targeting properties
A new triphenylphosphonium-conjugated amphipathic cationic peptide with improved cell-penetrating and ROS-targeting properties Abstract We study for the first time whether triphenylphosphonium (TPP) moiety can improve cellular delivery and redox properties of amphipathic cationic peptides based on YRFK/YrFK cell-penetr...
PMC8816528
core_pubmed_pmc
PBPK Simulation-Based Evaluation of Ganciclovir Crystalluria Risk Factors: Effect of Renal Impairment, Old Age, and Low Fluid Intake
PBPK Simulation-Based Evaluation of Ganciclovir Crystalluria Risk Factors: Effect of Renal Impairment, Old Age, and Low Fluid Intake Abstract Dosing guidance is often lacking for chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to exclusion of such patients from pivotal clinical trials. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) mod...
PMC5071690
core_pubmed_pmc
Pharmacokinetics of the Long‐Acting Basal Insulin LY2605541 in Subjects With Varying Degrees of Renal Function
Pharmacokinetics of the Long‐Acting Basal Insulin LY2605541 in Subjects With Varying Degrees of Renal Function Abstract Abstract The pharmacokinetics of LY2605541 (basal insulin peglispro), a novel long‐acting basal insulin analogue, was evaluated in 5 groups of subjects with varying degrees of renal function based on ...
PMC12108404
core_pubmed_pmc
Pharmacokinetics of Antibiotics in Crocodiles: A Review
Pharmacokinetics of Antibiotics in Crocodiles: A Review Abstract Simple Summary Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections in crocodiles; however, determining appropriate dosing regimens remains challenging due to interspecies variations in pharmacokinetics and the limited availability of pharmacological data. ...
PMC10603868
core_pubmed_pmc
Ceftazidime/Avibactam and Meropenem/Vaborbactam for the Management of Enterobacterales Infections: A Narrative Review, Clinical Considerations, and Expert Opinion
Ceftazidime/Avibactam and Meropenem/Vaborbactam for the Management of Enterobacterales Infections: A Narrative Review, Clinical Considerations, and Expert Opinion Abstract This comprehensive review examines the unique attributes, distinctions, and clinical implications of ceftazidime–avibactam (CAZ-AVI) and meropenem–v...
PMC12637916
core_pubmed_pmc
Short-term impact of preschool sound exposure on outer hair cell function in young children: An analysis using pressurised distortion product otoacoustic emissions
Short-term impact of preschool sound exposure on outer hair cell function in young children: An analysis using pressurised distortion product otoacoustic emissions Abstract Background Preschool children are regularly exposed to high noise levels that may affect hearing. A previous study has linked preschool noise expos...
PMC12655191
core_pubmed_pmc
Toward Genotype-Informed Dosing of Voriconazole: Head-to-Head Simulations Across CYP2C19 Phenotypes Using Population Pharmacokinetic Models
Toward Genotype-Informed Dosing of Voriconazole: Head-to-Head Simulations Across CYP2C19 Phenotypes Using Population Pharmacokinetic Models Abstract Abstract Background/Objective: Voriconazole exhibits nonlinear pharmacokinetics and wide interindividual variability driven by CYP2C19 phenotype and clinical covariates, n...
PMC8101608
core_pubmed_pmc
A phase I, single and continuous dose administration study on the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of neorudin, a novel recombinant anticoagulant protein, in healthy subjects
A phase I, single and continuous dose administration study on the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of neorudin, a novel recombinant anticoagulant protein, in healthy subjects Abstract Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the tolerability, safety, and pharmacokinetics of single and continuous dose ad...
PMC5651333
core_pubmed_pmc
ADAM, a hands‐on patient simulator for teaching principles of drug disposition and compartmental pharmacokinetics
ADAM, a hands‐on patient simulator for teaching principles of drug disposition and compartmental pharmacokinetics Abstract Abstract Aims To design, construct and validate a pharmacokinetics simulator that offers students hands‐on opportunities to participate in the design, administration and analysis of oral and intrav...
PMC10092221
core_pubmed_pmc
Evaluation of the Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction of Capmatinib With Itraconazole and Rifampicin and Potential Impact on Renal Transporters in Healthy Subjects
Evaluation of the Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction of Capmatinib With Itraconazole and Rifampicin and Potential Impact on Renal Transporters in Healthy Subjects Abstract Abstract Capmatinib is a highly specific, potent, and selective mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor inhibitor predominantly eliminated by cytochr...
PMC9581244
core_pubmed_pmc
Pharmacokinetics and safety of the two oral cefaclor formulations in healthy chinese subjects in the fasting and postprandial states
Pharmacokinetics and safety of the two oral cefaclor formulations in healthy chinese subjects in the fasting and postprandial states Abstract We conducted a phase I bioequivalence trial in healthy Chinese subjects in the fasting and postprandial states. The goal of this trial was to compare the pharmacokinetics and saf...
PMC5706442
core_pubmed_pmc
PARP inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents for various cancers: focus on niraparib and its first global approval for maintenance therapy of gynecologic cancers
PARP inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents for various cancers: focus on niraparib and its first global approval for maintenance therapy of gynecologic cancers Abstract Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are an important family of nucleoproteins highly implicated in DNA damage repair. Among the PARP families, t...
PMC10671713
core_pubmed_pmc
Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Detection of Thymoquinone in Oil and Serum for Clinical Pharmacokinetic Studies
Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Detection of Thymoquinone in Oil and Serum for Clinical Pharmacokinetic Studies Abstract Thymoquinone (TQ) is the primary component of Nigella sativa L. (NS) oil, which is renowned for its potent hepatoprotective effects attributed to its antioxidant, anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammator...
PMC12331676
core_pubmed_pmc
Critical dysregulated signaling pathways in drug resistance: highlighting the repositioning of mebendazole for cancer therapy
Critical dysregulated signaling pathways in drug resistance: highlighting the repositioning of mebendazole for cancer therapy Abstract Abstract Background Cancer drug resistance significantly reduces the effectiveness of current anticancer treatments. Multiple dysregulated signaling pathways drive cancer initiation, pr...
PMC10207934
core_pubmed_pmc
Oral antibiotics lower mycophenolate mofetil drug exposure, possibly by interfering with the enterohepatic recirculation: A case series
Oral antibiotics lower mycophenolate mofetil drug exposure, possibly by interfering with the enterohepatic recirculation: A case series Abstract Abstract Mycophenolate mofetil has an important role as immunosuppressive agent in solid organ transplant recipients. Exposure to the active mycophenolic acid (MPA) can be mon...
PMC11443321
core_pubmed_pmc
Pharmacokinetic comparison of subcutaneously administered CT ‐ P13 (biosimilar of infliximab) via autoinjector and pre‐filled syringe in healthy participants
Pharmacokinetic comparison of subcutaneously administered CT ‐ P13 (biosimilar of infliximab) via autoinjector and pre‐filled syringe in healthy participants Abstract Abstract CT‐P13, a biosimilar of infliximab, is used to treat inflammatory diseases that arise from immune system complications, resulting in excessive a...
PMC9743962
core_pubmed_pmc
Zelquistinel Is an Orally Bioavailable Novel NMDA Receptor Allosteric Modulator That Exhibits Rapid and Sustained Antidepressant-Like Effects
Zelquistinel Is an Orally Bioavailable Novel NMDA Receptor Allosteric Modulator That Exhibits Rapid and Sustained Antidepressant-Like Effects Abstract Abstract Background The role of glutamatergic receptors in major depressive disorder continues to be of great interest for therapeutic development. Recent studies sugges...
PMC10651645
core_pubmed_pmc
Effect of itraconazole and fluconazole on the pharmacokinetics of valemetostat: An open‐label, phase I study in healthy subjects
Effect of itraconazole and fluconazole on the pharmacokinetics of valemetostat: An open‐label, phase I study in healthy subjects Abstract Abstract Valemetostat tosylate (valemetostat) is an oral, potent, dual inhibitor of enhancer of zeste homolog (EZH) 2 and EZH1 under investigation for the treatment of cancer, includ...
PMC12771343
core_pubmed_pmc
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of siamenoside I in rats
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of siamenoside I in rats Abstract The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of [ 14 C]-siamenoside I were studied following single oral doses of 5 mg/kg bodyweight with intact and bile duct-cannulated rats. Elimination of radioactivity was rapid and essentially complete by the end of the sampl...
PMC2945087
core_pubmed_pmc
Insufficient β-lactam concentrations in the early phase of severe sepsis and septic shock
Insufficient β-lactam concentrations in the early phase of severe sepsis and septic shock Abstract Introduction Altered pharmacokinetics (PK) in critically ill patients can result in insufficient serum β-lactam concentrations when standard dosages are administered. Previous studies on β-lactam PK have generally exclude...
PMC4790523
core_pubmed_pmc
Concentrated insulins: the new basal insulins
Concentrated insulins: the new basal insulins Abstract Introduction Insulin therapy plays a critical role in the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, there is still a need to find basal insulins with 24-hour coverage and reduced risk of hypoglycemia. Additionally, with increasing obesity and insul...
PMC12028979
core_pubmed_pmc
Filgotinib to Treat Acute Severe Refractory Ulcerative Colitis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Filgotinib to Treat Acute Severe Refractory Ulcerative Colitis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature Abstract Abstract Introduction Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) is a serious complication affecting 9%–15% of patients with UC within 3 months of diagnosis and up to 28% of patients during the course of the ...
PMC8944503
core_pubmed_pmc
Antimicrobial Random Peptide Mixtures Eradicate Acinetobacter baumannii Biofilms and Inhibit Mouse Models of Infection
Antimicrobial Random Peptide Mixtures Eradicate Acinetobacter baumannii Biofilms and Inhibit Mouse Models of Infection Abstract Antibiotic resistance is one of the greatest crises in human medicine. Increased incidents of antibiotic resistance are linked to clinical overuse and overreliance on antibiotics. Among the ES...
PMC5844881
core_pubmed_pmc
A Novel Role of Irbesartan in Gastroprotection against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats: Targeting DDAH/ADMA and EGFR/ERK Signaling
A Novel Role of Irbesartan in Gastroprotection against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats: Targeting DDAH/ADMA and EGFR/ERK Signaling Abstract The advent of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) as intriguing gastroprotective candidates and the superior pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics displayed ...
PMC8419815
core_pubmed_pmc
The praziquantel in preschoolers (PIP) trial: study protocol for a phase II PK/PD-driven randomised controlled trial of praziquantel in children under 4 years of age
The praziquantel in preschoolers (PIP) trial: study protocol for a phase II PK/PD-driven randomised controlled trial of praziquantel in children under 4 years of age Abstract Background Over 200 million individuals worldwide are infected with Schistosoma species, with over half of infections occurring in children. Many...
PMC5346509
core_pubmed_pmc
Experience and pharmacokinetics of Levetiracetam in Korean neonates with neonatal seizures
Experience and pharmacokinetics of Levetiracetam in Korean neonates with neonatal seizures Abstract Abstract Purpose The aims of this study were to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam (LEV) in neonates with seizures and to establish a population pharmacokinetics (PPK) model by using the software N...
PMC3480797
core_pubmed_pmc
Effects of pravastatin on the pharmacokinetic parameters of nimodipine after oral and intravenous administration in rats: Possible role of CYP3A4 inhibition by pravastatin
Effects of pravastatin on the pharmacokinetic parameters of nimodipine after oral and intravenous administration in rats: Possible role of CYP3A4 inhibition by pravastatin Abstract Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pravastatin on the pharmacokinetics of nimodipine in rats. Mate...
PMC9898348
core_pubmed_pmc
Bioactive compounds, pharmacological actions and pharmacokinetics of Cupressus sempervirens
Bioactive compounds, pharmacological actions and pharmacokinetics of Cupressus sempervirens Abstract Abstract The roles of plants and its products in all forms of life cannot be overemphasized. The medicinal products from plant are phytochemicals, drugs, food supplements, beauty products, etc. In ethnomedicine, leaves,...
PMC8657875
core_pubmed_pmc
Determination of CYP450 Expression Levels in the Human Small Intestine by Mass Spectrometry-Based Targeted Proteomics
Determination of CYP450 Expression Levels in the Human Small Intestine by Mass Spectrometry-Based Targeted Proteomics Abstract Abstract The human small intestine can be involved in the first-pass metabolism of drugs. Under this condition, members of the CYP450 superfamily are expected to contribute to drug presystemic ...
PMC7878668
core_pubmed_pmc
A Randomized Phase 1 Pharmacokinetic Study Comparing the Potential Biosimilar LRG201902 With Liraglutide (Victoza ® ) in Healthy Male Subjects
A Randomized Phase 1 Pharmacokinetic Study Comparing the Potential Biosimilar LRG201902 With Liraglutide (Victoza ® ) in Healthy Male Subjects Abstract Objective: Pharmacokinetic (PK) similarity between biosimilar candidate LRG201902 and European Union-sourced liraglutide reference product (Victoza ® ) was evaluated. S...
PMC7897713
core_pubmed_pmc
Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Ibuprofenamine Hydrochloride Spray (NSAIDs), a New Drug for Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis, in Healthy Chinese Subjects
Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Ibuprofenamine Hydrochloride Spray (NSAIDs), a New Drug for Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis, in Healthy Chinese Subjects Abstract Abstract Background Ibuprofenamine hydrochloride spray is novel transdermal nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), under clinica...
PMC12207764
core_pubmed_pmc
A phase I, randomized, double-blind, parallel, single-dose pharmacokinetic study to evaluate the biosimilarity of KM118 (proposed pertuzumab biosimilar) with reference pertuzumab (Perjeta ® ) in healthy male subjects
A phase I, randomized, double-blind, parallel, single-dose pharmacokinetic study to evaluate the biosimilarity of KM118 (proposed pertuzumab biosimilar) with reference pertuzumab (Perjeta ® ) in healthy male subjects Abstract Abstract Objective KM118 is a biosimilar to pertuzumab (Perjeta ® ). This study aimed to prove...
PMC4893096
core_pubmed_pmc
Lesinurad in combination with allopurinol: results of a phase 2, randomised, double-blind study in patients with gout with an inadequate response to allopurinol
Lesinurad in combination with allopurinol: results of a phase 2, randomised, double-blind study in patients with gout with an inadequate response to allopurinol Abstract Abstract Objectives To assess the efficacy and tolerability of lesinurad, an oral selective uric acid reabsorption inhibitor, in combination with allo...
PMC11529650
core_pubmed_pmc
Clinical Risk Factors for High‐Dose Methotrexate‐Induced Oral Mucositis Following Individualized Dosing
Clinical Risk Factors for High‐Dose Methotrexate‐Induced Oral Mucositis Following Individualized Dosing Abstract ABSTRACT Background Oral mucositis affects about 20% of children undergoing high‐dose methotrexate (HDMTX) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), despite existing management strategies. Personalized HDMTX d...
PMC10261210
core_pubmed_pmc
Phase 1 study of the pan-RAF inhibitor tovorafenib in patients with advanced solid tumors followed by dose expansion in patients with metastatic melanoma
Phase 1 study of the pan-RAF inhibitor tovorafenib in patients with advanced solid tumors followed by dose expansion in patients with metastatic melanoma Abstract Abstract Purpose Genomic alterations of BRAF and NRAS are oncogenic drivers in malignant melanoma and other solid tumors. Tovorafenib is an investigational, ...
PMC10087559
core_pubmed_pmc
Drug‐Drug Interactions With the Hepatitis B Virus Capsid Assembly Modulator JNJ‐56136379 (Bersacapavir)
Drug‐Drug Interactions With the Hepatitis B Virus Capsid Assembly Modulator JNJ‐56136379 (Bersacapavir) Abstract Abstract The capsid assembly modulator JNJ‐56136379 (bersacapavir) disrupts hepatitis B virus replication. It is metabolized via cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A, but little is known about the drug‐drug interactions...
PMC11678027
core_pubmed_pmc
In Vitro Dynamic Model Evaluation of Meropenem Alone and in Combination with Avibactam Against Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae
In Vitro Dynamic Model Evaluation of Meropenem Alone and in Combination with Avibactam Against Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Abstract Abstract Background: A potential strategy to maintain the efficacy of carbapenems against carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP) is their combination with c...
PMC9897050
core_pubmed_pmc
Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of single and multiple ascending Oral doses of DA ‐8010 in healthy subjects: First‐in‐human phase I study
Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of single and multiple ascending Oral doses of DA ‐8010 in healthy subjects: First‐in‐human phase I study Abstract Abstract This study assessed the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of single and multiple oral doses of DA‐8010, a muscarinic M 3 receptor antagonist, in...
PMC11136851
core_pubmed_pmc
Longitudinal modeling of efficacy response in patients with lupus nephritis receiving belimumab
Longitudinal modeling of efficacy response in patients with lupus nephritis receiving belimumab Abstract Abstract Belimumab was approved for active lupus nephritis (LN) in adults in the European Union and patients ≥ 5 years of age in the USA based on a Phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 104-week study. The stud...
PMC11450921
core_pubmed_pmc
Racial, ethnic and regional differences in the effect of sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists on cardiovascular and renal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials
Racial, ethnic and regional differences in the effect of sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists on cardiovascular and renal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials Abstract Objectives The cardiorenal protective effects of sodium–...
PMC6394511
core_pubmed_pmc
Modelling of oscillatory cortisol response in horses using a Bayesian population approach for evaluation of dexamethasone suppression test protocols
Modelling of oscillatory cortisol response in horses using a Bayesian population approach for evaluation of dexamethasone suppression test protocols Abstract Abstract Cortisol is a steroid hormone relevant to immune function in horses and other species and shows a circadian rhythm. The glucocorticoid dexamethasone supp...
PMC11772350
core_pubmed_pmc
Hydroxysafflor yellow A: a natural pigment with potential anticancer therapeutic effect
Hydroxysafflor yellow A: a natural pigment with potential anticancer therapeutic effect Abstract Abstract Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), a natural pigment with a chalcone structure extracted from Carthamus tinctorius L. (Safflower), has been widely proven to have good efficacy on cardiovascular diseases, atheroscleros...
PMC12164861
core_pubmed_pmc
Impact of Fungal Co-Infection on Teicoplanin Plasma Trough Concentration in Critically Ill Adults: A Novel Consideration for Dose Adjustment
Impact of Fungal Co-Infection on Teicoplanin Plasma Trough Concentration in Critically Ill Adults: A Novel Consideration for Dose Adjustment Abstract Objective The pathophysiology and disease status of critically ill patients have a significant impact on the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of antimicrobial ag...
PMC8093168
core_pubmed_pmc
Assessing Treatment Effects with Pharmacometric Models: A New Method that Addresses Problems with Standard Assessments
Assessing Treatment Effects with Pharmacometric Models: A New Method that Addresses Problems with Standard Assessments Abstract Longitudinal pharmacometric models offer many advantages in the analysis of clinical trial data, but potentially inflated type I error and biased drug effect estimates, as a consequence of mod...
PMC12439280
core_pubmed_pmc
Mechanism‐Based Modeling Approaches to Quantify the Effect of Immunogenicity on the Pharmacokinetics of Therapeutic Proteins in Drug Development
Mechanism‐Based Modeling Approaches to Quantify the Effect of Immunogenicity on the Pharmacokinetics of Therapeutic Proteins in Drug Development Abstract ABSTRACT Therapeutic protein administration in both preclinical and clinical studies can result in the formation of anti‐drug antibodies against the therapeutic prote...
PMC9662200
core_pubmed_pmc
Population pharmacokinetics modeling and exposure‐response analyses of cemiplimab in patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer
Population pharmacokinetics modeling and exposure‐response analyses of cemiplimab in patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer Abstract Abstract A population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model was previously developed for cemiplimab in patients with solid tumors, including advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcin...
PMC8416863
core_pubmed_pmc
Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Once-Daily Growth Hormone Norditropin ® in Children and Adults
Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Once-Daily Growth Hormone Norditropin ® in Children and Adults Abstract Abstract Background and Objective Once-daily injectable recombinant human growth hormone (GH) formulations (e.g. Norditropin ® ; Novo Nordisk A/S) are used to treat GH deficiency in children and a...
PMC10015254
core_pubmed_pmc
Comparative antihyperglycemic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential of ethanolic aerial root extracts of Ceriops decandra and Ceriops tagal : Supported by molecular docking and ADMET analysis
Comparative antihyperglycemic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential of ethanolic aerial root extracts of Ceriops decandra and Ceriops tagal : Supported by molecular docking and ADMET analysis Abstract Ceriops decandra (Griff.) (CD) and Ceriops tagal (Perr.) (CT) are two mangrove plants of the Sundarbans distribute...
PMC9845125
core_pubmed_pmc
Fabrication and characterization of orodispersible films loaded with solid dispersion to enhance Rosuvastatin calcium bioavailability
Fabrication and characterization of orodispersible films loaded with solid dispersion to enhance Rosuvastatin calcium bioavailability Abstract Abstract The present study was aimed to formulate and evaluate fast dissolving oral film of Rosuvastatin calcium to improve its bioavailability in comparison to typical solid or...
PMC12528282
core_pubmed_pmc
Scoping review of the role of pharmacometrics in model-informed drug development
Scoping review of the role of pharmacometrics in model-informed drug development Abstract Abstract Model-informed drug development (MIDD) is a framework that utilizes quantitative modeling and simulation methods to integrate nonclinical and clinical data, as well as prior knowledge, to inform drug development and regul...