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1511.08583
Kenji Tomita
Kenji Tomita
Fluctuations of the cosmic background radiation appearing in the 10-dimensional cosmological model
23 pages, 2 figures
Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2015, 123E01 (2015)
10.1093/ptep/ptv172
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider a cosmological model starting from (1) the(1+3+6)-dimensional space-times consisting of the outer space (the 3-dimensional expanding section) and the inner space (the 6-dimensional section) and reaching (2) the Friedmann model after the decoupling between the outer space and the inner space, and derive fluctuations of the background radiation appearing in the above 10-dimensional space-times. For this purpose we first derive the fluid-dynamical perturbations in the above 10-dimensional space-times, corresponding to two kinds of curvature perturbations (in the scalar mode) in the non-viscous case, and next study the quantum fluctuations in the scalar and tensor modes, appearing at the stage when the perturbations are within the horizon of the inflating outer space. Lastly we derive the wave-number dependence of fluctuations (the power spectrum) in the two modes, which formed at the above decoupling epoch and are observed in the Friedmann stage. It is found that it can be consistent with the observed spectra of the cosmic microwave background radiation.
[ { "created": "Fri, 27 Nov 2015 08:32:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 23 Dec 2015 04:57:59 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-12-24
[ [ "Tomita", "Kenji", "" ] ]
We consider a cosmological model starting from (1) the(1+3+6)-dimensional space-times consisting of the outer space (the 3-dimensional expanding section) and the inner space (the 6-dimensional section) and reaching (2) the Friedmann model after the decoupling between the outer space and the inner space, and derive fluctuations of the background radiation appearing in the above 10-dimensional space-times. For this purpose we first derive the fluid-dynamical perturbations in the above 10-dimensional space-times, corresponding to two kinds of curvature perturbations (in the scalar mode) in the non-viscous case, and next study the quantum fluctuations in the scalar and tensor modes, appearing at the stage when the perturbations are within the horizon of the inflating outer space. Lastly we derive the wave-number dependence of fluctuations (the power spectrum) in the two modes, which formed at the above decoupling epoch and are observed in the Friedmann stage. It is found that it can be consistent with the observed spectra of the cosmic microwave background radiation.
gr-qc/0202104
David Coule
D.H.Coule
Entropic issues in contemporary cosmology
brief discussion on Poincare recurrence included
Int.J.Mod.Phys. D12 (2003) 963-976
10.1142/S0218271803003530
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
Penrose [1] has emphasized how the initial big bang singularity requires a special low entropy state. We address how recent brane cosmological schemes address this problem and whether they offer any apparent resolution. Pushing the start time back to $t=-\infty$ or utilizing maximally symmetric AdS spaces simply exacerbates or transfers the problem. Because the entropy of de Sitter space is $S\leq 1/\Lambda$, using the present acceleration of the universe as a low energy $(\Lambda\sim 10^{-120}$) inflationary stage, as in cyclic ekpyrotic models, produces a gravitational heat death after one cycle. Only higher energy driven inflation, together with a suitable, quantum gravity holography style, restriction on {\em ab initio} degrees of freedom, gives a suitable low entropy initial state. We question the suggestion that a high energy inflationary stage could be naturally reentered by Poincare recurrence within a finite causal region of an accelerating universe. We further give a heuristic argument that so-called eternal inflation is not consistent with the 2nd law of thermodynamics within a causal patch.
[ { "created": "Thu, 28 Feb 2002 19:11:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 4 Jul 2002 10:00:41 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 5 Aug 2002 15:48:35 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 18 Sep 2002 16:53:00 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2016-08-31
[ [ "Coule", "D. H.", "" ] ]
Penrose [1] has emphasized how the initial big bang singularity requires a special low entropy state. We address how recent brane cosmological schemes address this problem and whether they offer any apparent resolution. Pushing the start time back to $t=-\infty$ or utilizing maximally symmetric AdS spaces simply exacerbates or transfers the problem. Because the entropy of de Sitter space is $S\leq 1/\Lambda$, using the present acceleration of the universe as a low energy $(\Lambda\sim 10^{-120}$) inflationary stage, as in cyclic ekpyrotic models, produces a gravitational heat death after one cycle. Only higher energy driven inflation, together with a suitable, quantum gravity holography style, restriction on {\em ab initio} degrees of freedom, gives a suitable low entropy initial state. We question the suggestion that a high energy inflationary stage could be naturally reentered by Poincare recurrence within a finite causal region of an accelerating universe. We further give a heuristic argument that so-called eternal inflation is not consistent with the 2nd law of thermodynamics within a causal patch.
2009.09319
Ran Li
Ran Li, Jin Wang
Hawking Radiation and $P-v$ Criticality of Charged Dynamical (Vaidya) Black Hole in Anti-de Sitter Space
null
Phys. Lett. B 813 (2021) 136035
10.1016/j.physletb.2020.136035
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study Hawking radiation and $P-v$ criticality of charged dynamical (Vaidya) black hole in Anti-de Sitter (AdS) space. By investigating the near horizon properties of scalar field, we derive Hawking temperature of dynamical charged (Vaidya) AdS black hole. Based on this result, by regarding the cosmological constant as the thermodynamic pressure, we investigate the analogy between the charged dynamical (Vaidya) AdS black holes in the ensemble with the fixed charge and van der Waals liquid-gas system in detail, including equation of state, $P-v$ diagram, critical point, heat capacities and critical exponents near the critical point. It is shown that the relationship among the critical pressure, critical volume, and critical temperature gets modified while the critical exponents are not affected by the dynamical nature of the black hole. We also find that, when the rate of change of the black hole horizon exceeds the critical value, the $P-v$ criticality of the charged dynamical (Vaidya) AdS black hole will disappear.
[ { "created": "Sat, 19 Sep 2020 23:16:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-12-21
[ [ "Li", "Ran", "" ], [ "Wang", "Jin", "" ] ]
We study Hawking radiation and $P-v$ criticality of charged dynamical (Vaidya) black hole in Anti-de Sitter (AdS) space. By investigating the near horizon properties of scalar field, we derive Hawking temperature of dynamical charged (Vaidya) AdS black hole. Based on this result, by regarding the cosmological constant as the thermodynamic pressure, we investigate the analogy between the charged dynamical (Vaidya) AdS black holes in the ensemble with the fixed charge and van der Waals liquid-gas system in detail, including equation of state, $P-v$ diagram, critical point, heat capacities and critical exponents near the critical point. It is shown that the relationship among the critical pressure, critical volume, and critical temperature gets modified while the critical exponents are not affected by the dynamical nature of the black hole. We also find that, when the rate of change of the black hole horizon exceeds the critical value, the $P-v$ criticality of the charged dynamical (Vaidya) AdS black hole will disappear.
1501.02104
Michal Pirog
Piotr Jaranowski, Patryk Mach, Edward Malec and Michal Pirog
Virial tests for post-Newtonian stationary black-hole-disk systems
6 pages, a talk given at The Spanish Relativity Meeting (Encuentros Realtivistas Espanoles - ERE), Valencia, 2014
null
10.1088/1742-6596/600/1/012011
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigated hydrodynamical post-Newtonian models of selfgravitating stationary black-hole-disk systems. The post-Newtonian scheme presented here and also in our recent paper is a continuation of previous, purely Newtonian studies of selfgravitating hydrodynamical disks rotating according to the Keplerian rotation law. The post-Newtonian relativistic corrections are significant even at the 1PN level. The 1PN correction to the angular velocity can be of the order of 10% of its Newtonian value. It can be expressed as a combination of geometric and hydrodynamical terms. Moreover, in contrast to the Newtonian Poincare-Wavre theorem, it depends both on the distance from the rotation axis and the distance from the equatorial plane.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Jan 2015 11:17:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-20
[ [ "Jaranowski", "Piotr", "" ], [ "Mach", "Patryk", "" ], [ "Malec", "Edward", "" ], [ "Pirog", "Michal", "" ] ]
We investigated hydrodynamical post-Newtonian models of selfgravitating stationary black-hole-disk systems. The post-Newtonian scheme presented here and also in our recent paper is a continuation of previous, purely Newtonian studies of selfgravitating hydrodynamical disks rotating according to the Keplerian rotation law. The post-Newtonian relativistic corrections are significant even at the 1PN level. The 1PN correction to the angular velocity can be of the order of 10% of its Newtonian value. It can be expressed as a combination of geometric and hydrodynamical terms. Moreover, in contrast to the Newtonian Poincare-Wavre theorem, it depends both on the distance from the rotation axis and the distance from the equatorial plane.
1104.4758
Orlando Luongo
Orlando Luongo, Hernando Quevedo
Reconstructing the expansion history of the Universe with a one-fluid approach
revtex4 style, 3 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Assuming that the Universe is filled by one single fluid, we present in the context of General Relativity a possible explanation for the acceleration of the Universe. We use ordinary thermodynamics and the fact that small matter perturbations barely propagate in our Universe, to derive a general solution for a single fluid in which the speed of sound vanishes. We find a model that contains $\Lambda$CDM as a special case, and is compatible with current observational data.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Apr 2011 17:59:32 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-04-26
[ [ "Luongo", "Orlando", "" ], [ "Quevedo", "Hernando", "" ] ]
Assuming that the Universe is filled by one single fluid, we present in the context of General Relativity a possible explanation for the acceleration of the Universe. We use ordinary thermodynamics and the fact that small matter perturbations barely propagate in our Universe, to derive a general solution for a single fluid in which the speed of sound vanishes. We find a model that contains $\Lambda$CDM as a special case, and is compatible with current observational data.
1709.00914
Massimo Giovannini
Massimo Giovannini
Quantum coherence of cosmological perturbations
10 pages, minor corrected typos; to appear in Mod.Phys. Lett. A
Mod. Phys. Lett. A 32, 1750191 (2017)
10.1142/S0217732317501917
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The degrees of quantum coherence of cosmological perturbations of different spins are computed in the large-scale limit and compared with the standard results holding for a single mode of the electromagnetic field in an optical cavity. The degree second-order coherence of curvature inhomogeneities (and, more generally, of the scalar modes of the geometry) reproduces faithfully the optical limit. For the vector and tensor fluctuations the numerical values of the normalized degrees of second-order coherence in the zero-time delay limit are always larger than unity (which is the Poisson benchmark value) but differ from the corresponding expressions obtainable in the framework of the single-mode approximation. General lessons are drawn on the quantum coherence of large-scale cosmological fluctuations.
[ { "created": "Mon, 4 Sep 2017 12:22:53 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 24 Oct 2017 18:58:53 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-11-09
[ [ "Giovannini", "Massimo", "" ] ]
The degrees of quantum coherence of cosmological perturbations of different spins are computed in the large-scale limit and compared with the standard results holding for a single mode of the electromagnetic field in an optical cavity. The degree second-order coherence of curvature inhomogeneities (and, more generally, of the scalar modes of the geometry) reproduces faithfully the optical limit. For the vector and tensor fluctuations the numerical values of the normalized degrees of second-order coherence in the zero-time delay limit are always larger than unity (which is the Poisson benchmark value) but differ from the corresponding expressions obtainable in the framework of the single-mode approximation. General lessons are drawn on the quantum coherence of large-scale cosmological fluctuations.
gr-qc/0407088
Plamen Fiziev
P.P.Fiziev
On the Solutions of Einstein Equations with Massive Point Source
14 pages, latex file, no figures, new essential comments and references added
null
null
SU-04/07-02
gr-qc
null
We show that Einstein equations are compatible with the presence of massive point particles and find corresponding two parameter family of their solutions which depends on the bare mechanical mass $M_0>0$ and the Keplerian mass $M<M_0$ of the point source of gravity. The global analytical properties of these solutions in the complex plane define a unique preferable radial variable of the problem.
[ { "created": "Fri, 23 Jul 2004 15:15:47 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 24 Jul 2004 11:53:14 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 30 Dec 2004 13:18:25 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Fiziev", "P. P.", "" ] ]
We show that Einstein equations are compatible with the presence of massive point particles and find corresponding two parameter family of their solutions which depends on the bare mechanical mass $M_0>0$ and the Keplerian mass $M<M_0$ of the point source of gravity. The global analytical properties of these solutions in the complex plane define a unique preferable radial variable of the problem.
gr-qc/0005015
Alexander Feinstein
Alexander Feinstein
Exact Inflationary Solutions from a Superpotential
6 pages, no figures
null
null
EHU-FT/0006
gr-qc
null
We propose a novel, potentially useful generating technique for constructing exact solutions of inflationary scalar field cosmologies with non-trivial potentials. The generating scheme uses the so-called superpotential and is inspired by recent studies of similar equations in supergravity. Some exact solutions are derived, and the physical meaning of the superpotential in these models is clarified.
[ { "created": "Thu, 4 May 2000 08:15:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Feinstein", "Alexander", "" ] ]
We propose a novel, potentially useful generating technique for constructing exact solutions of inflationary scalar field cosmologies with non-trivial potentials. The generating scheme uses the so-called superpotential and is inspired by recent studies of similar equations in supergravity. Some exact solutions are derived, and the physical meaning of the superpotential in these models is clarified.
1810.01094
Paolo Pani
Paolo Pani and Leonardo Gualtieri and Tiziano Abdelsalhin and Xisco Jim\'enez Forteza
Magnetic tidal Love numbers clarified
v2: 4 pages, one extra equation. Matches the PRD version
Phys. Rev. D 98, 124023 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.124023
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this brief note, we clarify certain aspects related to the magnetic (i.e., odd parity or axial) tidal Love numbers of a star in general relativity. Magnetic tidal deformations of a compact star had been computed in 2009 independently by Damour and Nagar and by Binnington and Poisson. More recently, Landry and Poisson showed that the magnetic tidal Love numbers depend on the assumptions made on the fluid, in particular they are different (and of opposite sign) if the fluid is assumed to be in static equilibrium or if it is irrotational. We show that the zero-frequency limit of the Regge-Wheeler equation forces the fluid to be irrotational. For this reason, the results of Damour and Nagar are equivalent to those of Landry and Poisson for an irrotational fluid, and are expected to be the most appropriate to describe realistic configurations.
[ { "created": "Tue, 2 Oct 2018 07:09:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 18 Dec 2018 22:45:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-12-20
[ [ "Pani", "Paolo", "" ], [ "Gualtieri", "Leonardo", "" ], [ "Abdelsalhin", "Tiziano", "" ], [ "Forteza", "Xisco Jiménez", "" ] ]
In this brief note, we clarify certain aspects related to the magnetic (i.e., odd parity or axial) tidal Love numbers of a star in general relativity. Magnetic tidal deformations of a compact star had been computed in 2009 independently by Damour and Nagar and by Binnington and Poisson. More recently, Landry and Poisson showed that the magnetic tidal Love numbers depend on the assumptions made on the fluid, in particular they are different (and of opposite sign) if the fluid is assumed to be in static equilibrium or if it is irrotational. We show that the zero-frequency limit of the Regge-Wheeler equation forces the fluid to be irrotational. For this reason, the results of Damour and Nagar are equivalent to those of Landry and Poisson for an irrotational fluid, and are expected to be the most appropriate to describe realistic configurations.
0910.5377
Th. M. Nieuwenhuizen
Theo M. Nieuwenhuizen and Vaclav Spicka
Bose-Einstein condensed supermassive black holes: a case of renormalized quantum field theory in curved space-time
18 pages Latex Physica E style
null
10.1016/j.physe.2009.10.040
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This paper investigates the question whether a realistic black hole can be in principal similar to a star, having a large but finite redshift at its horizon. If matter spreads throughout the interior of a supermassive black hole with mass $M\sim10^9M_\odot$, it has an average density comparable to air and it may arise from a Bose-Einstein condensate of densely packed H-atoms. Within the Relativistic Theory of Gravitation with a positive cosmological constant, a bosonic quantum field describing H atoms is coupled to the curvature scalar with dimensionless coupling $\xi$. In the Bose-Einstein condensed groundstate an exact, self-consistent solution for the metric occurs for a certain large value of $\xi$, quadratic in the black hole mass. It is put forward that $\xi$ is set by proper choice of the background metric as a first step of a renormalization approach, while otherwise the non-linearities are small. The black hole has a hair, the binding energy. Fluctuations about the ground state are considered.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Oct 2009 13:50:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-14
[ [ "Nieuwenhuizen", "Theo M.", "" ], [ "Spicka", "Vaclav", "" ] ]
This paper investigates the question whether a realistic black hole can be in principal similar to a star, having a large but finite redshift at its horizon. If matter spreads throughout the interior of a supermassive black hole with mass $M\sim10^9M_\odot$, it has an average density comparable to air and it may arise from a Bose-Einstein condensate of densely packed H-atoms. Within the Relativistic Theory of Gravitation with a positive cosmological constant, a bosonic quantum field describing H atoms is coupled to the curvature scalar with dimensionless coupling $\xi$. In the Bose-Einstein condensed groundstate an exact, self-consistent solution for the metric occurs for a certain large value of $\xi$, quadratic in the black hole mass. It is put forward that $\xi$ is set by proper choice of the background metric as a first step of a renormalization approach, while otherwise the non-linearities are small. The black hole has a hair, the binding energy. Fluctuations about the ground state are considered.
1405.6697
Camilo Posada
Camilo Posada
Imbedding a Reissner-Nordstr\"om charged mass into cosmology
7 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present the extension of the method of imbedding a mass into cosmology proposed by Gautreau, for the case of a Reissner-Nordstr\"om charged mass. We work in curvature coordinates $(R,T)$ where the coordinate time $T$ is measured by clocks at fixed points $R = $ const., and geodesic coordinates $(R,\tau)$ where $\tau$ is the time recorded by clocks moving along the radial geodesics. The Einstein equations are solved for a energy-momentum tensor which is composed of a cosmological fluid and an electrostatic field outside a radius $R_{b}$. Inside $R_{b}$ we have a part of cosmological fluid plus a Reissner-Nordstr\"om charged mass. We offer metrics for a Reissner-Nordstr\"om charged mass imbedded into different cosmological scenarios with zero curvature. An important consequence of our results, is that orbits will spiral when a charged mass is imbedded into a cosmological background. We found the generalized equation for the change of orbital radius, by using geodesic coordinates. Some criticism to the Newtonian calculation done by Gautreau for the orbital spiralling is discussed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 May 2014 19:50:42 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-05-27
[ [ "Posada", "Camilo", "" ] ]
We present the extension of the method of imbedding a mass into cosmology proposed by Gautreau, for the case of a Reissner-Nordstr\"om charged mass. We work in curvature coordinates $(R,T)$ where the coordinate time $T$ is measured by clocks at fixed points $R = $ const., and geodesic coordinates $(R,\tau)$ where $\tau$ is the time recorded by clocks moving along the radial geodesics. The Einstein equations are solved for a energy-momentum tensor which is composed of a cosmological fluid and an electrostatic field outside a radius $R_{b}$. Inside $R_{b}$ we have a part of cosmological fluid plus a Reissner-Nordstr\"om charged mass. We offer metrics for a Reissner-Nordstr\"om charged mass imbedded into different cosmological scenarios with zero curvature. An important consequence of our results, is that orbits will spiral when a charged mass is imbedded into a cosmological background. We found the generalized equation for the change of orbital radius, by using geodesic coordinates. Some criticism to the Newtonian calculation done by Gautreau for the orbital spiralling is discussed.
2408.05581
Peter K.F. Kuhfittig
Peter K.F. Kuhfittig
Thin-shell wormholes admitting conformal motions in spacetimes of embedding class one
10 pages, no figures
Int. J. Astron. Astrophys. (IJAA) vol. 14, pp. 162-171, 2024
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This paper discusses the feasibility of thin-shell wormholes in spacetimes of embedding class one admitting a one-parameter group of conformal motions. It is shown that the surface energy density $\sigma$ is positive, while the surface pressure $\mathcal{P}$ is negative, resulting in $\sigma +\mathcal{P}<0$, thereby signaling a violation of the null energy condition, a necessary condition for holding a wormhole open. For a Morris-Thorne wormhole, matter that violates the null energy condition is referred to as "exotic." For the thin-shell wormholes in this paper, however, the violation has a physical explanation since it is a direct consequence of the embedding theory in conjunction with the assumption of conformal symmetry. These properties avoid the need to hypothesize the existence of the highly problematical exotic matter.
[ { "created": "Sat, 10 Aug 2024 15:16:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-08-13
[ [ "Kuhfittig", "Peter K. F.", "" ] ]
This paper discusses the feasibility of thin-shell wormholes in spacetimes of embedding class one admitting a one-parameter group of conformal motions. It is shown that the surface energy density $\sigma$ is positive, while the surface pressure $\mathcal{P}$ is negative, resulting in $\sigma +\mathcal{P}<0$, thereby signaling a violation of the null energy condition, a necessary condition for holding a wormhole open. For a Morris-Thorne wormhole, matter that violates the null energy condition is referred to as "exotic." For the thin-shell wormholes in this paper, however, the violation has a physical explanation since it is a direct consequence of the embedding theory in conjunction with the assumption of conformal symmetry. These properties avoid the need to hypothesize the existence of the highly problematical exotic matter.
1908.01195
Sanjar Shaymatov
Sanjar Shaymatov, Naresh Dadhich, Bobomurat Ahmedov, Mubasher Jamil
Five dimensional charged rotating minimally gauged supergravity black hole cannot be over-spun and/or over-charged in non-linear accretion
12 pages, 2 figures; accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J. C. Figures and further references have been added
Eur. Phys. J. C (2020) 80:481
10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8009-4
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Generally black hole could be over charged/spun violating the weak cosmic censorship conjecture (WCCC) for linear order accretion while the same is always restored back for non-linear accretion. The only exception however is that of a five dimensional rotating black hole with single rotation that cannot be overspun even at linear order. In this paper we investigate this question for a five dimensional charged rotating minimally gauged supergravity black hole and show that it could not be overspun under non-linear accretion and thereby respecting WCCC. However in the case of single rotation WCCC is however also respected for linear accretion when angular momentum of accreting particle is greater than its charge irrespective of relative dominance of charge and rotation parameters of black hole.
[ { "created": "Sat, 3 Aug 2019 16:14:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 4 Mar 2020 13:10:39 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 25 May 2020 23:38:15 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2020-05-29
[ [ "Shaymatov", "Sanjar", "" ], [ "Dadhich", "Naresh", "" ], [ "Ahmedov", "Bobomurat", "" ], [ "Jamil", "Mubasher", "" ] ]
Generally black hole could be over charged/spun violating the weak cosmic censorship conjecture (WCCC) for linear order accretion while the same is always restored back for non-linear accretion. The only exception however is that of a five dimensional rotating black hole with single rotation that cannot be overspun even at linear order. In this paper we investigate this question for a five dimensional charged rotating minimally gauged supergravity black hole and show that it could not be overspun under non-linear accretion and thereby respecting WCCC. However in the case of single rotation WCCC is however also respected for linear accretion when angular momentum of accreting particle is greater than its charge irrespective of relative dominance of charge and rotation parameters of black hole.
0811.0756
Lorenzo Iorio
Lorenzo Iorio
On the recently determined anomalous perihelion precession of Saturn
LaTex2e, 14 pages, no figures, 2 tables. Accepted by The Astronomical Journal (AJ)
The Astronomical Journal 137 (2009) 3615-3618
10.1088/0004-6256/137/3/3615
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph physics.space-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The astronomer E.V. Pitjeva, by analyzing with the EPM2008 ephemerides a large number of planetary observations including also two years (2004-2006) of normal points from the Cassini spacecraft, phenomenologically estimated a statistically significant non-zero correction to the usual Newtonian/Einsteinian secular precession of the longitude of the perihelion of Saturn, i.e. \Delta\dot\varpi_Sat = -0.006 +/- 0.002 arcsec/cy; the formal, statistical error is 0.0007 arcsec/cy. It can be explained neither by any of the standard classical and general relativistic dynamical effects mismodelled/unmodelled in the force models of the EPM2008 ephemerides nor by several exotic modifications of gravity recently put forth to accommodate certain cosmological/astrophysical observations without resorting to dark energy/dark matter. Both independent analyses by other teams of astronomers and further processing of larger data sets from Cassini will be helpful in clarifying the nature and the true existence of the anomalous precession of the perihelion of Saturn.
[ { "created": "Wed, 5 Nov 2008 15:54:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 6 Nov 2008 15:06:57 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 9 Nov 2008 13:52:08 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 24 Dec 2008 20:36:53 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2009-02-24
[ [ "Iorio", "Lorenzo", "" ] ]
The astronomer E.V. Pitjeva, by analyzing with the EPM2008 ephemerides a large number of planetary observations including also two years (2004-2006) of normal points from the Cassini spacecraft, phenomenologically estimated a statistically significant non-zero correction to the usual Newtonian/Einsteinian secular precession of the longitude of the perihelion of Saturn, i.e. \Delta\dot\varpi_Sat = -0.006 +/- 0.002 arcsec/cy; the formal, statistical error is 0.0007 arcsec/cy. It can be explained neither by any of the standard classical and general relativistic dynamical effects mismodelled/unmodelled in the force models of the EPM2008 ephemerides nor by several exotic modifications of gravity recently put forth to accommodate certain cosmological/astrophysical observations without resorting to dark energy/dark matter. Both independent analyses by other teams of astronomers and further processing of larger data sets from Cassini will be helpful in clarifying the nature and the true existence of the anomalous precession of the perihelion of Saturn.
1607.06222
Bethan Cropp
Bethan Cropp, Swastik Bhattacharya, S. Shankaranarayanan
Hints of quantum gravity from the horizon fluid
v2: This version accepted to PRD, 10 pages
Phys. Rev. D 95, 024006 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.95.024006
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
For many years researchers have tried to glean hints about quantum gravity from black hole thermodynamics. However, black hole thermodynamics suffers from the problem of Universality --- at leading order, several approaches with different microscopic degrees of freedom lead to Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. We attempt to bypass this issue by using a minimal statistical mechanical model for the horizon fluid based on Damour-Navier-Stokes (DNS) equation. For stationary asymptotically flat black hole spacetimes in General Relativity, we show explicitly that at equilibrium the entropy of the horizon fluid is the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. Further we show that, for the bulk viscosity of the fluctuations of the horizon fluid to be identical to Damour, a confinement scale exists for these fluctuations, implying quantization of the horizon area. The implications and possible mechanisms from the fluid point of view are discussed.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Jul 2016 07:56:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 14 Dec 2016 06:43:07 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-01-11
[ [ "Cropp", "Bethan", "" ], [ "Bhattacharya", "Swastik", "" ], [ "Shankaranarayanan", "S.", "" ] ]
For many years researchers have tried to glean hints about quantum gravity from black hole thermodynamics. However, black hole thermodynamics suffers from the problem of Universality --- at leading order, several approaches with different microscopic degrees of freedom lead to Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. We attempt to bypass this issue by using a minimal statistical mechanical model for the horizon fluid based on Damour-Navier-Stokes (DNS) equation. For stationary asymptotically flat black hole spacetimes in General Relativity, we show explicitly that at equilibrium the entropy of the horizon fluid is the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. Further we show that, for the bulk viscosity of the fluctuations of the horizon fluid to be identical to Damour, a confinement scale exists for these fluctuations, implying quantization of the horizon area. The implications and possible mechanisms from the fluid point of view are discussed.
2003.10125
Masataka Tsuchiya
Masataka Tsuchiya, Chul-Moon Yoo, Yasutaka Koga, Tomohiro Harada
Sonic Point and Photon Surface
34 pages
Phys. Rev. D 102, 044057 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.044057
RUP-20-8
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The sonic point/photon surface correspondence is thoroughly investigated in a general setting. First, we investigate a sonic point of a transonic steady perfect fluid flow in a general stationary spacetime, particularly focusing on the radiation fluid. The necessary conditions that the flow must satisfy at a sonic point are derived as conditions for the kinematical quantities of the congruence of streamlines in analogy with the de Laval nozzle equation in fluid mechanics. We compare the conditions for a sonic point with the notion of a photon surface, which can be defined as a timelike totally umbilical hypersurface. As a result, we find that, for the realization of the sonic point/photon surface correspondence, the speed of sound $v_{\rm s}$ must be given by $1/\sqrt{d}$ with $d$ being the spatial dimension of the spacetime. For the radiation fluid ($v_{\rm s}=1/\sqrt{d}$), we confirm that a part of the conditions is shared by the sonic point and the photon surface. However, in general, a Bondi surface, a set of sonic points, does not necessarily coincide with a photon surface. Additional assumptions, such as a spatial symmetry, are essential to the realization of the sonic point/photon surface correspondence in all known examples.
[ { "created": "Mon, 23 Mar 2020 08:23:33 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-09-09
[ [ "Tsuchiya", "Masataka", "" ], [ "Yoo", "Chul-Moon", "" ], [ "Koga", "Yasutaka", "" ], [ "Harada", "Tomohiro", "" ] ]
The sonic point/photon surface correspondence is thoroughly investigated in a general setting. First, we investigate a sonic point of a transonic steady perfect fluid flow in a general stationary spacetime, particularly focusing on the radiation fluid. The necessary conditions that the flow must satisfy at a sonic point are derived as conditions for the kinematical quantities of the congruence of streamlines in analogy with the de Laval nozzle equation in fluid mechanics. We compare the conditions for a sonic point with the notion of a photon surface, which can be defined as a timelike totally umbilical hypersurface. As a result, we find that, for the realization of the sonic point/photon surface correspondence, the speed of sound $v_{\rm s}$ must be given by $1/\sqrt{d}$ with $d$ being the spatial dimension of the spacetime. For the radiation fluid ($v_{\rm s}=1/\sqrt{d}$), we confirm that a part of the conditions is shared by the sonic point and the photon surface. However, in general, a Bondi surface, a set of sonic points, does not necessarily coincide with a photon surface. Additional assumptions, such as a spatial symmetry, are essential to the realization of the sonic point/photon surface correspondence in all known examples.
1304.4313
Florian Beyer
Florian Beyer, Leon Escobar
Graceful exit from inflation for minimally coupled Bianchi A scalar field models
37 pages, 26 figures; matches the version published in CQG
Class. Quantum Grav. 30 (2013) 195020
10.1088/0264-9381/30/19/195020
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider the dynamics of Bianchi A scalar field models which undergo inflation. The main question is under which conditions does inflation come to an end and is succeeded by a decelerated epoch. This so-called "graceful exit" from inflation is an important ingredient in the standard model of cosmology, but is, at this stage, only understood for restricted classes of solutions. We present new results obtained by a combination of analytical and numerical techniques.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Apr 2013 02:31:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 19 Sep 2013 01:07:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-09-20
[ [ "Beyer", "Florian", "" ], [ "Escobar", "Leon", "" ] ]
We consider the dynamics of Bianchi A scalar field models which undergo inflation. The main question is under which conditions does inflation come to an end and is succeeded by a decelerated epoch. This so-called "graceful exit" from inflation is an important ingredient in the standard model of cosmology, but is, at this stage, only understood for restricted classes of solutions. We present new results obtained by a combination of analytical and numerical techniques.
gr-qc/9909056
Ioannis Raptis
Ioannis Raptis
A Non-Classical Linear Xenomorph as a Model for Quantum Causal Space
LaTeX 2.09, 20 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
A quantum picture of the causal structure of Minkowski space M is presented. The mathematical model employed to this end is a non-classical version of the classical topos {H} of real quaternion algebras used elsewhere to organize the perceptions of spacetime events of a Boolean observer into M. Certain key properties of this new quantum topos are highlighted by contrast against the corresponding ones of its classical counterpart {H} modelling M and are seen to accord with some key features of the algebraically quantized causal set structure.
[ { "created": "Mon, 20 Sep 1999 14:36:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Raptis", "Ioannis", "" ] ]
A quantum picture of the causal structure of Minkowski space M is presented. The mathematical model employed to this end is a non-classical version of the classical topos {H} of real quaternion algebras used elsewhere to organize the perceptions of spacetime events of a Boolean observer into M. Certain key properties of this new quantum topos are highlighted by contrast against the corresponding ones of its classical counterpart {H} modelling M and are seen to accord with some key features of the algebraically quantized causal set structure.
1906.09648
Konstantinos Dimopoulos
Konstantinos Dimopoulos and Leonora Donaldson-Wood
Warm Quintessential Inflation
14 pages, 2 figures, published version
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2019.07.017
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We introduce warm quintessential inflation and study it in the weak dissipative regime. We consider the original quintessential inflation model, which approximates quartic chaotic inflation at early times and thawing quartic inverse-power-law quintessence at present. We find that the model successfully accounts for both inflation and dark energy observations, while it naturally reheats the Universe, thereby overcoming a major problem of quintessential inflation model-building.
[ { "created": "Sun, 23 Jun 2019 20:50:29 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 1 Jul 2019 21:21:14 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 9 Jul 2019 16:06:37 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2019-07-17
[ [ "Dimopoulos", "Konstantinos", "" ], [ "Donaldson-Wood", "Leonora", "" ] ]
We introduce warm quintessential inflation and study it in the weak dissipative regime. We consider the original quintessential inflation model, which approximates quartic chaotic inflation at early times and thawing quartic inverse-power-law quintessence at present. We find that the model successfully accounts for both inflation and dark energy observations, while it naturally reheats the Universe, thereby overcoming a major problem of quintessential inflation model-building.
2212.09495
Aaron Held
Astrid Eichhorn and Aaron Held
Black holes in asymptotically safe gravity and beyond
invited chapter for the book ''Regular Black Holes: Towards a New Paradigm of the Gravitational Collapse''; comments welcome
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Asymptotically safe quantum gravity is an approach to quantum gravity that achieves formulates a standard quantum field theory for the metric. Therefore, even the deep quantum gravity regime, that is expected to determine the true structure of the core of black holes, is described by a spacetime metric. The essence of asymptotic safety lies in a new symmetry of the theory -- quantum scale symmetry -- which characterizes the short-distance regime of quantum gravity. It implies the absence of physical scales. Therefore, the Newton coupling, which corresponds to a scale, namely the Planck length, must vanish asymptotically in the short-distance regime. This implies a weakening of the gravitational interaction, from which a resolution of classical spacetime singularities can be expected. In practise, properties of black holes in asymptotically safe quantum gravity cannot yet be derived from first principles, but are constructed using a heuristic procedure known as Renormalization Group improvement. The resulting asymptotic-safety inspired black holes have been constructed both for vanishing and for nonvanishing spin parameter. They are characterized by (i) the absence of curvature singularities, (ii) a more compact event horizon and photon sphere, (iii) a second (inner) horizon even at vanishing spin and (iv) a cold remnant as a possible final product of the Hawking evaporation. Observations can start to constrain the quantum-gravity scale that can be treated as a free parameter in asymptotic-safety inspired black holes. For slowly-spinning black holes, constraints from the EHT and X-ray observations can only constrain quantum-gravity scales far above the Planck length. In the limit of near-critical spin, asymptotic-safety inspired black holes may ``light up" in a way the ngEHT may be sensitive to, even for a quantum-gravity scale equalling the Planck length.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Dec 2022 14:29:38 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-12-20
[ [ "Eichhorn", "Astrid", "" ], [ "Held", "Aaron", "" ] ]
Asymptotically safe quantum gravity is an approach to quantum gravity that achieves formulates a standard quantum field theory for the metric. Therefore, even the deep quantum gravity regime, that is expected to determine the true structure of the core of black holes, is described by a spacetime metric. The essence of asymptotic safety lies in a new symmetry of the theory -- quantum scale symmetry -- which characterizes the short-distance regime of quantum gravity. It implies the absence of physical scales. Therefore, the Newton coupling, which corresponds to a scale, namely the Planck length, must vanish asymptotically in the short-distance regime. This implies a weakening of the gravitational interaction, from which a resolution of classical spacetime singularities can be expected. In practise, properties of black holes in asymptotically safe quantum gravity cannot yet be derived from first principles, but are constructed using a heuristic procedure known as Renormalization Group improvement. The resulting asymptotic-safety inspired black holes have been constructed both for vanishing and for nonvanishing spin parameter. They are characterized by (i) the absence of curvature singularities, (ii) a more compact event horizon and photon sphere, (iii) a second (inner) horizon even at vanishing spin and (iv) a cold remnant as a possible final product of the Hawking evaporation. Observations can start to constrain the quantum-gravity scale that can be treated as a free parameter in asymptotic-safety inspired black holes. For slowly-spinning black holes, constraints from the EHT and X-ray observations can only constrain quantum-gravity scales far above the Planck length. In the limit of near-critical spin, asymptotic-safety inspired black holes may ``light up" in a way the ngEHT may be sensitive to, even for a quantum-gravity scale equalling the Planck length.
2105.12423
Sauvik Sen
Sauvik Sen
Hawking radiation for a (2+1)-dimensional spinning black hole and the issue of tunneling
Errors noticed in the governing equations
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP quant-ph
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
We examine Hawking radiation for a (2+1)-dimensional spinning black hole and study the interesting possibility of tunneling through the event horizon which acts as a classically forbidden barrier. Our finding shows it to be much lower than its nonrotating counterpart. We further explore the associated thermodynamics in terms of Hawking temperature and give estimates of black hole parameters like the surface gravity and entropy.
[ { "created": "Wed, 26 May 2021 09:24:51 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 2 Jun 2021 09:56:21 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 18 Nov 2021 02:53:59 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-11-19
[ [ "Sen", "Sauvik", "" ] ]
We examine Hawking radiation for a (2+1)-dimensional spinning black hole and study the interesting possibility of tunneling through the event horizon which acts as a classically forbidden barrier. Our finding shows it to be much lower than its nonrotating counterpart. We further explore the associated thermodynamics in terms of Hawking temperature and give estimates of black hole parameters like the surface gravity and entropy.
2401.08346
Tony Rothman
Peter Anninos, Tony Rothman and Andrea Palessandro
Graviton-Photon Oscillations in an Expanding Universe
27 pages, no figures
Physics of the Dark Universe Volume 44, May 2024, 101480
10.1016/j.dark.2024.101480
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Through the Gertsenshtein effect, the presence of a large external B-field may allow photons and gravitons to mix in a way that resembles neutrino oscillations and is even more similar to axion-photon mixing. Assuming a background B-field (or any field that behaves like one), we examine the Gertsenshtein mechanism in the context of FLRW expanding universe models, as well as de Sitter space. The conformal invariance of Maxwell's equations and the conformal noninvariance of the Einstein equations preclude the operation of the Gertsenshtein effect at all scales. In general we find for the matter- and radiation-dominated cases, graviton-oscillations are possible only at late conformal times or when the wavelengths are much shorter than the horizon ($k\eta \gg 1$), but that the time-dependent oscillations eventually damp out in any case. The presence of charged particles additionally damps out the oscillations. For the de Sitter universe, we find that oscillations are possible only at early conformal times ($\eta \ll H^{-1}$) and for wavelengths short compared to the Hubble radius, but eventually freeze in when wavelengths become longer than the Hubble radius. In principle a Gertsenshtein-like mechanism might influence the balance of particle species in an inflationary phase before freezing in; however, we find that in all our models the mixing length is larger than the Hubble radius. We discuss several possible remedies to this situation.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Jan 2024 13:27:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 1 Apr 2024 21:49:28 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-04-03
[ [ "Anninos", "Peter", "" ], [ "Rothman", "Tony", "" ], [ "Palessandro", "Andrea", "" ] ]
Through the Gertsenshtein effect, the presence of a large external B-field may allow photons and gravitons to mix in a way that resembles neutrino oscillations and is even more similar to axion-photon mixing. Assuming a background B-field (or any field that behaves like one), we examine the Gertsenshtein mechanism in the context of FLRW expanding universe models, as well as de Sitter space. The conformal invariance of Maxwell's equations and the conformal noninvariance of the Einstein equations preclude the operation of the Gertsenshtein effect at all scales. In general we find for the matter- and radiation-dominated cases, graviton-oscillations are possible only at late conformal times or when the wavelengths are much shorter than the horizon ($k\eta \gg 1$), but that the time-dependent oscillations eventually damp out in any case. The presence of charged particles additionally damps out the oscillations. For the de Sitter universe, we find that oscillations are possible only at early conformal times ($\eta \ll H^{-1}$) and for wavelengths short compared to the Hubble radius, but eventually freeze in when wavelengths become longer than the Hubble radius. In principle a Gertsenshtein-like mechanism might influence the balance of particle species in an inflationary phase before freezing in; however, we find that in all our models the mixing length is larger than the Hubble radius. We discuss several possible remedies to this situation.
1012.5375
Kiyoshi Shiraishi
Nahomi Kan (Yamaguchi Junior College), Takuya Maki (Japan Women's College of Physical Education) and Kiyoshi Shiraishi (Yamaguchi University)
Weyl invariant Dirac-Born-Infeld-Einstein theory
4 pages. To appear in the Proceedings of 20th Workshop in General Relativity and Gravitation in Japan (JGRG20), held in Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (21 - 25 September 2010)
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider a Weyl invariant extension of Dirac-Born-Infeld type gravity. An appropriate choice of the metric hides the scalar degree of freedom which is required by the local scale invariance of the action at the first sight, and then a vector field acquires mass. Moreover, nonminimal couplings of the vector field and curvatures are induced, which may be suitable to the vector inflation scenario.
[ { "created": "Fri, 24 Dec 2010 09:45:19 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-12-27
[ [ "Kan", "Nahomi", "", "Yamaguchi Junior College" ], [ "Maki", "Takuya", "", "Japan Women's\n College of Physical Education" ], [ "Shiraishi", "Kiyoshi", "", "Yamaguchi University" ] ]
We consider a Weyl invariant extension of Dirac-Born-Infeld type gravity. An appropriate choice of the metric hides the scalar degree of freedom which is required by the local scale invariance of the action at the first sight, and then a vector field acquires mass. Moreover, nonminimal couplings of the vector field and curvatures are induced, which may be suitable to the vector inflation scenario.
2201.06722
Glauber Carvalho Dorsch
Glauber C. Dorsch and Lucas E. A. Porto
An introduction to gravitational waves through electrodynamics: a quadrupole comparison
26 pages, 4 figures
null
10.1088/1361-6404/ac4645
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a pedagogical introduction to some key computations in gravitational waves via a side-by-side comparison with the quadrupole contribution of electromagnetic radiation. Subtleties involving gauge choices and projections over transverse modes in the tensorial theory are made clearer by direct analogy with the vectorial counterpart. The power emitted by the quadrupole moment in both theories is computed, and the similarities as well as the origins of eventual discrepancies are discussed. Finally, we analyze the stability of bound systems under radiation emission, and discuss how the strength of the interactions can be established this way. We use the results to impose an anthropic bound on Newton's constant of order $G\lesssim 3\times 10^4\, G_\text{obs}$, which is on par with similar constraints from stellar formation.
[ { "created": "Tue, 18 Jan 2022 03:52:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 28 Jan 2022 17:45:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-01-31
[ [ "Dorsch", "Glauber C.", "" ], [ "Porto", "Lucas E. A.", "" ] ]
We present a pedagogical introduction to some key computations in gravitational waves via a side-by-side comparison with the quadrupole contribution of electromagnetic radiation. Subtleties involving gauge choices and projections over transverse modes in the tensorial theory are made clearer by direct analogy with the vectorial counterpart. The power emitted by the quadrupole moment in both theories is computed, and the similarities as well as the origins of eventual discrepancies are discussed. Finally, we analyze the stability of bound systems under radiation emission, and discuss how the strength of the interactions can be established this way. We use the results to impose an anthropic bound on Newton's constant of order $G\lesssim 3\times 10^4\, G_\text{obs}$, which is on par with similar constraints from stellar formation.
2209.04669
Vasilis Oikonomou
V.K. Oikonomou, Pyotr Tsyba, Olga Razina
Probing our Universe's Past Using Earth's Geological and Climatological History and Shadows of Galactic Black Holes
Invited article accepted in the journal Universe, special issue ''Modified Gravity Approaches to the Tensions of LCDM''
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this short review, we discuss how Earth's climatological and geological history and also how the shadows of galactic black holes might reveal our Universe's past evolution. Specifically we point out that a pressure singularity that occurred in our Universe's past might have left its imprint on Earth's geological and climatological history and on the shadows of cosmological black holes. Our approach is based on the fact that the $H_0$ tension problem may be resolved if some sort of abrupt physics change occurred in our Universe $70-150\,$Myrs ago, an abrupt change that deeply affected the Cepheid parameters. We review how such an abrupt physics change might have been caused in our Universe by a smooth passage of it through a pressure finite-time singularity. Such finite-time singularities might occur in modified gravity and specifically in $F(R)$ gravity, so we show how modified gravity might drive this type of evolution, without resorting to peculiar cosmic fluids or scalar fields. The presence of such a pressure singularity can distort the elliptic trajectories of bound objects in the Universe, causing possible geological and climatological changes on Earth, if its elliptic trajectory around the Sun might have changed. Also, such a pressure singularity affects directly the circular photon orbits around supermassive galactic black holes existing at cosmological redshift distances, thus the shadows of some cosmological black holes at redshifts $z\leq 0.01$, might look different in shape, compared with the SgrA* and M87* supermassive black holes. This feature however can be checked experimentally in the very far future.
[ { "created": "Sat, 10 Sep 2022 14:05:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-09-13
[ [ "Oikonomou", "V. K.", "" ], [ "Tsyba", "Pyotr", "" ], [ "Razina", "Olga", "" ] ]
In this short review, we discuss how Earth's climatological and geological history and also how the shadows of galactic black holes might reveal our Universe's past evolution. Specifically we point out that a pressure singularity that occurred in our Universe's past might have left its imprint on Earth's geological and climatological history and on the shadows of cosmological black holes. Our approach is based on the fact that the $H_0$ tension problem may be resolved if some sort of abrupt physics change occurred in our Universe $70-150\,$Myrs ago, an abrupt change that deeply affected the Cepheid parameters. We review how such an abrupt physics change might have been caused in our Universe by a smooth passage of it through a pressure finite-time singularity. Such finite-time singularities might occur in modified gravity and specifically in $F(R)$ gravity, so we show how modified gravity might drive this type of evolution, without resorting to peculiar cosmic fluids or scalar fields. The presence of such a pressure singularity can distort the elliptic trajectories of bound objects in the Universe, causing possible geological and climatological changes on Earth, if its elliptic trajectory around the Sun might have changed. Also, such a pressure singularity affects directly the circular photon orbits around supermassive galactic black holes existing at cosmological redshift distances, thus the shadows of some cosmological black holes at redshifts $z\leq 0.01$, might look different in shape, compared with the SgrA* and M87* supermassive black holes. This feature however can be checked experimentally in the very far future.
0810.2530
Leor Barack
Norichika Sago, Leor Barack and Steven Detweiler
Two approaches for the gravitational self force in black hole spacetime: Comparison of numerical results
11 pages; minor typos corrected; final version to be published in PRD
Phys.Rev.D78:124024,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.78.124024
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Recently, two independent calculations have been presented of finite-mass ("self-force") effects on the orbit of a point mass around a Schwarzschild black hole. While both computations are based on the standard mode-sum method, they differ in several technical aspects, which makes comparison between their results difficult--but also interesting. Barack and Sago [Phys. Rev. D {\bf 75}, 064021 (2007)] invoke the notion of a self-accelerated motion in a background spacetime, and perform a direct calculation of the local self force in the Lorenz gauge (using numerical evolution of the perturbation equations in the time domain); Detweiler [Phys. Rev. D {\bf 77}, 124026 (2008)] describes the motion in terms a geodesic orbit of a (smooth) perturbed spacetime, and calculates the metric perturbation in the Regge--Wheeler gauge (using frequency-domain numerical analysis). Here we establish a formal correspondence between the two analyses, and demonstrate the consistency of their numerical results. Specifically, we compare the value of the conservative $O(\mu)$ shift in $u^t$ (where $\mu$ is the particle's mass and $u^t$ is the Schwarzschild $t$ component of the particle's four-velocity), suitably mapped between the two orbital descriptions and adjusted for gauge. We find that the two analyses yield the same value for this shift within mere fractional differences of $\sim 10^{-5}$--$10^{-7}$ (depending on the orbital radius)--comparable with the estimated numerical error.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 Oct 2008 19:44:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 10 Dec 2008 16:42:22 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-05-12
[ [ "Sago", "Norichika", "" ], [ "Barack", "Leor", "" ], [ "Detweiler", "Steven", "" ] ]
Recently, two independent calculations have been presented of finite-mass ("self-force") effects on the orbit of a point mass around a Schwarzschild black hole. While both computations are based on the standard mode-sum method, they differ in several technical aspects, which makes comparison between their results difficult--but also interesting. Barack and Sago [Phys. Rev. D {\bf 75}, 064021 (2007)] invoke the notion of a self-accelerated motion in a background spacetime, and perform a direct calculation of the local self force in the Lorenz gauge (using numerical evolution of the perturbation equations in the time domain); Detweiler [Phys. Rev. D {\bf 77}, 124026 (2008)] describes the motion in terms a geodesic orbit of a (smooth) perturbed spacetime, and calculates the metric perturbation in the Regge--Wheeler gauge (using frequency-domain numerical analysis). Here we establish a formal correspondence between the two analyses, and demonstrate the consistency of their numerical results. Specifically, we compare the value of the conservative $O(\mu)$ shift in $u^t$ (where $\mu$ is the particle's mass and $u^t$ is the Schwarzschild $t$ component of the particle's four-velocity), suitably mapped between the two orbital descriptions and adjusted for gauge. We find that the two analyses yield the same value for this shift within mere fractional differences of $\sim 10^{-5}$--$10^{-7}$ (depending on the orbital radius)--comparable with the estimated numerical error.
gr-qc/9609073
Fernando Lombardo
Fernando C. Lombardo and Francisco D. Mazzitelli
Einstein-Langevin Equations from Running Coupling Constants
10 pages, RevTex file, no figures
Phys.Rev.D55:3889-3892,1997
10.1103/PhysRevD.55.3889
null
gr-qc
null
The Einstein-Langevin equations take into account the backreaction of quantum matter fields on the background geometry. We present a derivation of these equations to lowest order in a covariant expansion in powers of the curvature. For massless fields, the equations are completely determined by the running coupling constants of the theory.
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Sep 1996 17:04:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Lombardo", "Fernando C.", "" ], [ "Mazzitelli", "Francisco D.", "" ] ]
The Einstein-Langevin equations take into account the backreaction of quantum matter fields on the background geometry. We present a derivation of these equations to lowest order in a covariant expansion in powers of the curvature. For massless fields, the equations are completely determined by the running coupling constants of the theory.
gr-qc/0412045
Juan A. Valiente-Kroon
J. A. Valiente Kroon
Time asymmetric spacetimes near null and spatial infinity. II. Expansions of developments of initial data sets with non-smooth conformal metrics
Second part of gr-qc/0408062, 23 pages
Class.Quant.Grav. 22 (2005) 1683-1707
10.1088/0264-9381/22/9/015
null
gr-qc
null
This article uses the conformal Einstein equations and the conformal representation of spatial infinity introduced by Friedrich to analyse the behaviour of the gravitational field near null and spatial infinity for the development of initial data which are, in principle, non-conformally flat and time asymmetric. This article is the continuation of the investigation started in Class. Quantum Grav. 21 (2004) 5457-5492, where only conformally flat initial data sets were considered. For the purposes of this investigation, the conformal metric of the initial hypersurface is assumed to have a very particular type of non-smoothness at infinity in order to allow for the presence of non-Schwarzschildean initial data sets in the class under study. The calculation of asymptotic expansions of the development of these initial data sets reveals --as in the conformally flat case-- the existence of a hierarchy of obstructions to the smoothness of null infinity which are expressible in terms of the initial data. This allows for the possibility of having spacetimes where future and past null infinity have different degrees of smoothness. A conjecture regarding the general structure of the hierarchy of obstructions is presented.
[ { "created": "Fri, 10 Dec 2004 10:03:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Kroon", "J. A. Valiente", "" ] ]
This article uses the conformal Einstein equations and the conformal representation of spatial infinity introduced by Friedrich to analyse the behaviour of the gravitational field near null and spatial infinity for the development of initial data which are, in principle, non-conformally flat and time asymmetric. This article is the continuation of the investigation started in Class. Quantum Grav. 21 (2004) 5457-5492, where only conformally flat initial data sets were considered. For the purposes of this investigation, the conformal metric of the initial hypersurface is assumed to have a very particular type of non-smoothness at infinity in order to allow for the presence of non-Schwarzschildean initial data sets in the class under study. The calculation of asymptotic expansions of the development of these initial data sets reveals --as in the conformally flat case-- the existence of a hierarchy of obstructions to the smoothness of null infinity which are expressible in terms of the initial data. This allows for the possibility of having spacetimes where future and past null infinity have different degrees of smoothness. A conjecture regarding the general structure of the hierarchy of obstructions is presented.
2103.13980
K. Sravan Kumar
K. Sravan Kumar, Shubham Maheshwari, Anupam Mazumdar and Jun Peng
An anisotropic bouncing universe in non-local gravity
18 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. We dedicate this work to the memory of John D. Barrow. v2 matches the one published in JCAP
JCAP07(2021)025
10.1088/1475-7516/2021/07/025
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We show that it is possible to realize a cosmological bouncing solution in an anisotropic but homogeneous Bianchi-I background in a class of non-local, infinite derivative theories of gravity. We show that the anisotropic shear grows slower than in general relativity during the contraction phase, peaks to a finite value at the bounce point, and then decreases as the universe asymptotes towards isotropy and homogeneity, and ultimately to de Sitter. Along with a cosmological constant, the matter sector required to drive such a bounce is found to consist of three components - radiation, stiff matter and $k$-matter (whose energy density decays like the inverse square of the average scale factor). Generically, $k$-matter exerts anisotropic pressures. We will test the bouncing solution in local and non-local gravity and show that in the latter case it is possible to simultaneously satisfy positivity of energy density and, at least in the late time de Sitter phase, avoid the introduction of propagating ghost/tachyonic modes.
[ { "created": "Thu, 25 Mar 2021 17:12:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 19 Jul 2021 07:23:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-07-20
[ [ "Kumar", "K. Sravan", "" ], [ "Maheshwari", "Shubham", "" ], [ "Mazumdar", "Anupam", "" ], [ "Peng", "Jun", "" ] ]
We show that it is possible to realize a cosmological bouncing solution in an anisotropic but homogeneous Bianchi-I background in a class of non-local, infinite derivative theories of gravity. We show that the anisotropic shear grows slower than in general relativity during the contraction phase, peaks to a finite value at the bounce point, and then decreases as the universe asymptotes towards isotropy and homogeneity, and ultimately to de Sitter. Along with a cosmological constant, the matter sector required to drive such a bounce is found to consist of three components - radiation, stiff matter and $k$-matter (whose energy density decays like the inverse square of the average scale factor). Generically, $k$-matter exerts anisotropic pressures. We will test the bouncing solution in local and non-local gravity and show that in the latter case it is possible to simultaneously satisfy positivity of energy density and, at least in the late time de Sitter phase, avoid the introduction of propagating ghost/tachyonic modes.
gr-qc/0002049
Frederick J. Ernst
I. Hauser and F. J. Ernst
Proof of a generalized Geroch conjecture for the hyperbolic Ernst equation
75 pages (plus optional table of contents). Sign errors in elliptic case equations (1A.13), (1A.15) and (1A.25) are corrected. Not relevant to proof contained in paper
Gen.Rel.Grav.33:195-293,2001
10.1023/A:1002701301339
null
gr-qc
null
We enunciate and prove here a generalization of Geroch's famous conjecture concerning analytic solutions of the elliptic Ernst equation. Our generalization is stated for solutions of the hyperbolic Ernst equation that are not necessarily analytic, although it can be formulated also for solutions of the elliptic Ernst equation that are nowhere axis-accessible.
[ { "created": "Mon, 14 Feb 2000 15:55:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 15 Oct 2000 12:10:25 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Hauser", "I.", "" ], [ "Ernst", "F. J.", "" ] ]
We enunciate and prove here a generalization of Geroch's famous conjecture concerning analytic solutions of the elliptic Ernst equation. Our generalization is stated for solutions of the hyperbolic Ernst equation that are not necessarily analytic, although it can be formulated also for solutions of the elliptic Ernst equation that are nowhere axis-accessible.
0709.4588
Leor Barack
Leor Barack, Darren A. Golbourn and Norichika Sago
m-Mode Regularization Scheme for the Self Force in Kerr Spacetime
17 pages. Minor typos corrected; version to appear in PRD
Phys.Rev.D76:124036,2007
10.1103/PhysRevD.76.124036
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We present a new, simple method for calculating the scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational self forces acting on particles in orbit around a Kerr black hole. The standard ``mode-sum regularization'' approach for self-force calculations relies on a decomposition of the full (retarded) perturbation field into multipole modes, followed by the application of a certain mode-by-mode regularization procedure. In recent years several groups have developed numerical codes for calculating black hole perturbations directly in 2+1 dimensions (i.e., decomposing the azimuthal dependence into $m$-modes, but refraining from a full multipole decomposition). Here we formulate a practical scheme for constructing the self force directly from the 2+1-dimensional $m$-modes. While the standard mode-sum method is serving well in calculations of the self force in Schwarzschild geometry, the new scheme should allow a more efficient treatment of the Kerr problem.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 Sep 2007 12:00:45 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 17 Dec 2007 11:21:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Barack", "Leor", "" ], [ "Golbourn", "Darren A.", "" ], [ "Sago", "Norichika", "" ] ]
We present a new, simple method for calculating the scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational self forces acting on particles in orbit around a Kerr black hole. The standard ``mode-sum regularization'' approach for self-force calculations relies on a decomposition of the full (retarded) perturbation field into multipole modes, followed by the application of a certain mode-by-mode regularization procedure. In recent years several groups have developed numerical codes for calculating black hole perturbations directly in 2+1 dimensions (i.e., decomposing the azimuthal dependence into $m$-modes, but refraining from a full multipole decomposition). Here we formulate a practical scheme for constructing the self force directly from the 2+1-dimensional $m$-modes. While the standard mode-sum method is serving well in calculations of the self force in Schwarzschild geometry, the new scheme should allow a more efficient treatment of the Kerr problem.
gr-qc/0102099
Roberto Colistete Junior
R. Kerner, J.W. van Holten, R. Colistete Jr
Relativistic Epicycles : another approach to geodesic deviations
23 pages, LaTeX, 2 Postscript figures. Version substantially improved to be published in Classical and Quantum Gravity, with : additional figure, references, rewritten text, minor corrections, etc
Class.Quant.Grav. 18 (2001) 4725-4742
10.1088/0264-9381/18/22/302
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We solve the geodesic deviation equations for the orbital motions in the Schwarzschild metric which are close to a circular orbit. It turns out that in this particular case the equations reduce to a linear system, which after diagonalization describes just a collection of harmonic oscillators, with two characteristic frequencies. The new geodesic obtained by adding this solution to the circular one, describes not only the linear approximation of Kepler's laws, but gives also the right value of the perihelion advance (in the limit of almost circular orbits). We derive also the equations for higher-order deviations and show how these equations lead to better approximations, including the non-linear effects. The approximate orbital solutions are then inserted into the quadrupole formula to estimate the gravitational radiation from non-circular orbits.
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Feb 2001 16:25:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 19 Sep 2001 15:51:52 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Kerner", "R.", "" ], [ "van Holten", "J. W.", "" ], [ "Colistete", "R.", "Jr" ] ]
We solve the geodesic deviation equations for the orbital motions in the Schwarzschild metric which are close to a circular orbit. It turns out that in this particular case the equations reduce to a linear system, which after diagonalization describes just a collection of harmonic oscillators, with two characteristic frequencies. The new geodesic obtained by adding this solution to the circular one, describes not only the linear approximation of Kepler's laws, but gives also the right value of the perihelion advance (in the limit of almost circular orbits). We derive also the equations for higher-order deviations and show how these equations lead to better approximations, including the non-linear effects. The approximate orbital solutions are then inserted into the quadrupole formula to estimate the gravitational radiation from non-circular orbits.
1808.00172
Tanmoy Paul
Tanmoy Paul and Soumitra SenGupta
Dynamical suppression of spacetime torsion
EPJC accepted
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7109-5
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A surprising feature of our present four dimensional universe is that its evolution appears to be governed solely by spacetime curvature without any noticeable effect of spacetime torsion. In the present paper, we give a possible explanation of this enigma through ``cosmological evolution'' of spacetime torsion in the backdrop of a higher dimensional braneworld scenario. Our results reveal that the torsion field may had a significant value at early phase of our universe, but gradually decreased with the expansion of the universe. This leads to a negligible footprint of torsion in our present visible universe. We also show that at an early epoch, when the amplitude of the torsion field was not suppressed, our universe underwent through an inflationary stage having a graceful exit within a finite time. To link the model with observational constraints, we also determine the spectral index for curvature perturbation ($n_s$) and tensor to scalar ratio ($r$) in the present context, which match with the results of $Planck$ 2018 (combining with BICEP-2 Keck-Array) data \cite{Planck}.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Aug 2018 05:35:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 6 Jul 2019 17:02:01 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-09-04
[ [ "Paul", "Tanmoy", "" ], [ "SenGupta", "Soumitra", "" ] ]
A surprising feature of our present four dimensional universe is that its evolution appears to be governed solely by spacetime curvature without any noticeable effect of spacetime torsion. In the present paper, we give a possible explanation of this enigma through ``cosmological evolution'' of spacetime torsion in the backdrop of a higher dimensional braneworld scenario. Our results reveal that the torsion field may had a significant value at early phase of our universe, but gradually decreased with the expansion of the universe. This leads to a negligible footprint of torsion in our present visible universe. We also show that at an early epoch, when the amplitude of the torsion field was not suppressed, our universe underwent through an inflationary stage having a graceful exit within a finite time. To link the model with observational constraints, we also determine the spectral index for curvature perturbation ($n_s$) and tensor to scalar ratio ($r$) in the present context, which match with the results of $Planck$ 2018 (combining with BICEP-2 Keck-Array) data \cite{Planck}.
gr-qc/9603047
Rudolf Poppe
Andre' Lukas and Rudolf Poppe
Decoherence in Pre-Big-Bang Cosmology
15 pages, 2 postscript figures included
Mod.Phys.Lett. A12 (1997) 597-612
10.1142/S0217732397000625
TUM-HEP 240/96, SFB-375/87
gr-qc hep-th
null
We analyze the quantum cosmology of the simplest pre--big--bang model without dilaton potential. In addition to the minisuperspace variables we include inhomogeneous dilaton fluctuations and determine their wave function on a semiclassical background. This wave function is used to calculate the reduced density matrix and to find criteria for the loss of decoherence. It is shown that coherence between different backgrounds can always be achieved by a specific choice of vacua though generically decoherence can be expected. In particular, we discuss the implications of these results on the ``exit problem'' of pre--big--bang cosmology.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Mar 1996 16:50:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Lukas", "Andre'", "" ], [ "Poppe", "Rudolf", "" ] ]
We analyze the quantum cosmology of the simplest pre--big--bang model without dilaton potential. In addition to the minisuperspace variables we include inhomogeneous dilaton fluctuations and determine their wave function on a semiclassical background. This wave function is used to calculate the reduced density matrix and to find criteria for the loss of decoherence. It is shown that coherence between different backgrounds can always be achieved by a specific choice of vacua though generically decoherence can be expected. In particular, we discuss the implications of these results on the ``exit problem'' of pre--big--bang cosmology.
0803.1998
Alexis Larranaga
Alexis Larranaga
On the Thermodynamical Relation between Rotating Charged BTZ Black Holes and Effective String Theory
9 pages
Commun.Theor.Phys.50:1341-1344,2008
10.1088/0253-6102/50/6/19
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we study the first law of thermodynamics for the (2+1) dimensional rotating charged BTZ black hole considering a pair of thermodinamical systems constructed with the two horizons of this solution. We show that these two systems are similar to the right and left movers of string theory and that the temperature associated with the black hole is the harmonic mean of the temperatures associated with these two systems.
[ { "created": "Thu, 13 Mar 2008 16:08:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-01-14
[ [ "Larranaga", "Alexis", "" ] ]
In this paper we study the first law of thermodynamics for the (2+1) dimensional rotating charged BTZ black hole considering a pair of thermodinamical systems constructed with the two horizons of this solution. We show that these two systems are similar to the right and left movers of string theory and that the temperature associated with the black hole is the harmonic mean of the temperatures associated with these two systems.
gr-qc/0005108
Elizabeth Winstanley
Adrian C. Ottewill and Elizabeth Winstanley
Divergence of a quantum thermal state on Kerr space-time
7 pages, revtex, no figures
Phys.Lett. A273 (2000) 149-152
10.1016/S0375-9601(00)00487-4
OUTP-00-23-P
gr-qc
null
We present a simple proof, using the conservation equations, that any quantum stress tensor on Kerr space-time which is isotropic in a frame which rotates rigidly with the angular velocity of the event horizon must be divergent at the velocity of light surface. We comment on our result in the light of the absence of a `true Hartle-Hawking' vacuum for Kerr.
[ { "created": "Wed, 24 May 2000 13:59:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Ottewill", "Adrian C.", "" ], [ "Winstanley", "Elizabeth", "" ] ]
We present a simple proof, using the conservation equations, that any quantum stress tensor on Kerr space-time which is isotropic in a frame which rotates rigidly with the angular velocity of the event horizon must be divergent at the velocity of light surface. We comment on our result in the light of the absence of a `true Hartle-Hawking' vacuum for Kerr.
1305.4524
Andrew J. S. Hamilton
A. J. S. Hamilton
The Black Hole Particle Accelerator as a Machine to make Baby Universes
7 pages, 2 figures. NO honorable mention in the 2013 Essay Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
General relativity predicts that the inner horizon of an astronomically realistic rotating black hole is subject to the mass inflation instability. The inflationary instability acts like a gravity-powered particle accelerator of extraordinary power, accelerating accreted streams of particles along the principal outgoing and ingoing null directions at the inner horizon to collision energies that would, if nothing intervened, typically exceed exponentially the Planck energy. The inflationary instability is fueled by ongoing accretion, and is occurring inevitably in essentially every black hole in our Universe. This extravagant machine, the Black Hole Particle Accelerator, has the hallmarks of a device to make baby universes. Since collisions are most numerous inside supermassive black holes, reproductive efficiency requires our Universe to make supermassive black holes efficiently, as is observed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 20 May 2013 13:25:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-05-21
[ [ "Hamilton", "A. J. S.", "" ] ]
General relativity predicts that the inner horizon of an astronomically realistic rotating black hole is subject to the mass inflation instability. The inflationary instability acts like a gravity-powered particle accelerator of extraordinary power, accelerating accreted streams of particles along the principal outgoing and ingoing null directions at the inner horizon to collision energies that would, if nothing intervened, typically exceed exponentially the Planck energy. The inflationary instability is fueled by ongoing accretion, and is occurring inevitably in essentially every black hole in our Universe. This extravagant machine, the Black Hole Particle Accelerator, has the hallmarks of a device to make baby universes. Since collisions are most numerous inside supermassive black holes, reproductive efficiency requires our Universe to make supermassive black holes efficiently, as is observed.
2402.15854
Krishnendu De Dr.
Young Jin Suh, Krishnendu De and Uday Chand De
Impact of projective curvature tensor in $f\left(R,G\right)$, $f\left(R,T\right)$ and $f\left(R,L_{m}\right)$-gravity
null
International journal of geometric methods in modern physics 2024,
10.1142/S0219887824500622
null
gr-qc math.DG
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This article concerns with the characterization of a spacetime and modified gravity, such as $f\left(R,G\right)$, $f\left(R,T\right)$ and $f\left(R,L_{m}\right)$-gravity equipped with the projective curvature tensor. We establish that a projectively flat perfect fluid spacetime represents dark energy era. Also, we prove that a projectively flat perfect fluid spacetime is either locally isometric to Minkowski spacetime or a de-Sitter spacetime. Furthermore, it is shown that a perfect fluid spacetime permitting harmonic projective curvature tensor becomes a generalized Robertson-Walker spacetime and is of Petrov type $I$, $D$ or $O$. Lastly, we investigate the effect of projectively flat perfect fluid spacetime solutions in $f\left(R,G\right)$, $f\left(R,T\right)$ and $f\left(R,L_{m}\right)$-gravity, respectively. We also investigate the spacetime as a $f\left(R,G\right)$-gravity solution of and use the flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric to establish a relation among jerk, snap, and deceleration parameters. Numerous energy conditions are studied in terms of Ricci scalar with the model $f\left(R,G\right)=\exp(R)+\alpha \left(6G\right)^{\beta}$. For this model, the strong energy condition is violated but the weak, dominant and null energy conditions are fulfilled, which is in excellent accordance with current observational investigations that show the universe is now accelerating.
[ { "created": "Sat, 24 Feb 2024 16:50:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-02-27
[ [ "Suh", "Young Jin", "" ], [ "De", "Krishnendu", "" ], [ "De", "Uday Chand", "" ] ]
This article concerns with the characterization of a spacetime and modified gravity, such as $f\left(R,G\right)$, $f\left(R,T\right)$ and $f\left(R,L_{m}\right)$-gravity equipped with the projective curvature tensor. We establish that a projectively flat perfect fluid spacetime represents dark energy era. Also, we prove that a projectively flat perfect fluid spacetime is either locally isometric to Minkowski spacetime or a de-Sitter spacetime. Furthermore, it is shown that a perfect fluid spacetime permitting harmonic projective curvature tensor becomes a generalized Robertson-Walker spacetime and is of Petrov type $I$, $D$ or $O$. Lastly, we investigate the effect of projectively flat perfect fluid spacetime solutions in $f\left(R,G\right)$, $f\left(R,T\right)$ and $f\left(R,L_{m}\right)$-gravity, respectively. We also investigate the spacetime as a $f\left(R,G\right)$-gravity solution of and use the flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric to establish a relation among jerk, snap, and deceleration parameters. Numerous energy conditions are studied in terms of Ricci scalar with the model $f\left(R,G\right)=\exp(R)+\alpha \left(6G\right)^{\beta}$. For this model, the strong energy condition is violated but the weak, dominant and null energy conditions are fulfilled, which is in excellent accordance with current observational investigations that show the universe is now accelerating.
0906.0145
Yubei Yue
Yubei Yue and Bin Chen
K-Inflation with a Dark Energy Coupling
8 pages, 1 figure
Phys.Rev.D81:023506,2010
10.1103/PhysRevD.81.023506
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is usually thought that the quintessence as a fundamental scalar field was already present during the inflationary epoch. While there are various models in which the quintessence couples to other species, it is attractive to anticipate a coupling between the quintessence and the inflaton in the very early universe as well. We consider such a coupling in the context of k-inflation. The coupling function and the potential of the quintessence are chosen to be of power law forms. We show such a coupling affects the speed of sound for the inflaton field as well as the power spectra of perturbations.
[ { "created": "Sun, 31 May 2009 11:15:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 17 Sep 2009 16:48:40 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 29 Oct 2009 05:08:36 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sun, 20 Dec 2009 14:39:37 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2010-04-06
[ [ "Yue", "Yubei", "" ], [ "Chen", "Bin", "" ] ]
It is usually thought that the quintessence as a fundamental scalar field was already present during the inflationary epoch. While there are various models in which the quintessence couples to other species, it is attractive to anticipate a coupling between the quintessence and the inflaton in the very early universe as well. We consider such a coupling in the context of k-inflation. The coupling function and the potential of the quintessence are chosen to be of power law forms. We show such a coupling affects the speed of sound for the inflaton field as well as the power spectra of perturbations.
gr-qc/0406096
Achilles D. Speliotopoulos
A. D. Speliotopoulos and R. Y. Chiao
Differing Calculations of the Response of Matter-wave Interferometers to Gravitational Waves
36 pages, 2 figures, written in RevTeX, submitted to Physical Review D
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
There now exists in the literature two different expressions for the phase shift of a matter-wave interferometer caused by the passage of a gravitation wave. The first, a commonly accepted expression that was first derived in the 1970s, is based on the traditional geodesic equation of motion (EOM) for a test particle. The second, a more recently derived expression, is based on the geodesic deviation EOM. The power-law dependence on the frequency of the gravitational wave for both expressions for the phase shift is different, which indicates fundamental differences in the physics on which these calculations are based. Here we compare the two approaches by presenting a series of side-by-side calculations of the phase shift for one specific matter-wave-interferometer configuration that uses atoms as the interfering particle. By looking at the low-frequency limit of the different expressions for the phase shift obtained, we find that the phase shift calculated via the geodesic deviation EOM is correct, and the ones calculated via the geodesic EOM are not.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Jun 2004 21:36:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Speliotopoulos", "A. D.", "" ], [ "Chiao", "R. Y.", "" ] ]
There now exists in the literature two different expressions for the phase shift of a matter-wave interferometer caused by the passage of a gravitation wave. The first, a commonly accepted expression that was first derived in the 1970s, is based on the traditional geodesic equation of motion (EOM) for a test particle. The second, a more recently derived expression, is based on the geodesic deviation EOM. The power-law dependence on the frequency of the gravitational wave for both expressions for the phase shift is different, which indicates fundamental differences in the physics on which these calculations are based. Here we compare the two approaches by presenting a series of side-by-side calculations of the phase shift for one specific matter-wave-interferometer configuration that uses atoms as the interfering particle. By looking at the low-frequency limit of the different expressions for the phase shift obtained, we find that the phase shift calculated via the geodesic deviation EOM is correct, and the ones calculated via the geodesic EOM are not.
2012.03517
Dmitry Chirkov
Dmitry Chirkov, Alex Giacomini, Sergey A. Pavluchenko, Alexey Toporensky
Cosmological solutions in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with static curved extra dimensions
27 pages, 8 figures
Eur. Phys. J. C 81, 136 (2021)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-08934-y
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we perform systematic investigation of all possible solutions with static compact extra dimensions and expanding three-dimensional subspace (``our Universe''). Unlike previous papers, we consider extra-dimensional subspace to be constant-curvature manifold with both signs of spatial curvature. We provide a scheme how to build solutions in all possible number of extra dimensions and perform stability analysis for the solutions found. Our study suggests that the solutions with negative spatial curvature of extra dimensions are always stable while those with positive curvature are stable for a narrow range of the parameters and the width of this range shrinks with growth of the number of extra dimensions. This explains why in the previous papers we detected compactification in the case of negative curvature but the case of positive curvature remained undiscovered. Another interesting feature which distinguish cases with positive and negative curvatures is that the latter do not coexist with maximally-symmetric solutions (leading to ``geometric frustration'' of a sort) while the former could -- this difference is noted and discussed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 7 Dec 2020 08:15:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-04-22
[ [ "Chirkov", "Dmitry", "" ], [ "Giacomini", "Alex", "" ], [ "Pavluchenko", "Sergey A.", "" ], [ "Toporensky", "Alexey", "" ] ]
In this paper we perform systematic investigation of all possible solutions with static compact extra dimensions and expanding three-dimensional subspace (``our Universe''). Unlike previous papers, we consider extra-dimensional subspace to be constant-curvature manifold with both signs of spatial curvature. We provide a scheme how to build solutions in all possible number of extra dimensions and perform stability analysis for the solutions found. Our study suggests that the solutions with negative spatial curvature of extra dimensions are always stable while those with positive curvature are stable for a narrow range of the parameters and the width of this range shrinks with growth of the number of extra dimensions. This explains why in the previous papers we detected compactification in the case of negative curvature but the case of positive curvature remained undiscovered. Another interesting feature which distinguish cases with positive and negative curvatures is that the latter do not coexist with maximally-symmetric solutions (leading to ``geometric frustration'' of a sort) while the former could -- this difference is noted and discussed.
1905.08276
Jishnu Suresh
Sambit Panda, Swetha Bhagwat, Jishnu Suresh and Sanjit Mitra
Stochastic gravitational wave background mapmaking using regularised deconvolution
14 pages, 8 figures and 1 table
Phys. Rev. D 100, 043541 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.100.043541
null
gr-qc astro-ph.IM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Obtaining a faithful source intensity distribution map of the sky from noisy data demands incorporating known information of the expected signal, especially when the signal is weak compared to the noise. We introduce a widely used procedure to incorporate these priors through a Bayesian regularisation scheme in the context of map-making of the anisotropic stochastic GW background (SGWB). Specifically, we implement the quadratic form of regularizing function with varying strength of regularization and study its effect on image restoration for different types of the injected source intensity distribution in simulated LIGO data. We find that regularization significantly enhances the quality of reconstruction, especially when the intensity of the source is weak, and dramatically improves the stability of deconvolution. We further study the quality of reconstruction as a function of regularization constant. While in principle this constant is dependent on the data set, we show that the deconvolution process is robust against the choice of the constant, as long as it is chosen from a broad range of values obtained by the method presented here.
[ { "created": "Mon, 20 May 2019 18:05:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 5 Jun 2019 12:30:50 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-09-04
[ [ "Panda", "Sambit", "" ], [ "Bhagwat", "Swetha", "" ], [ "Suresh", "Jishnu", "" ], [ "Mitra", "Sanjit", "" ] ]
Obtaining a faithful source intensity distribution map of the sky from noisy data demands incorporating known information of the expected signal, especially when the signal is weak compared to the noise. We introduce a widely used procedure to incorporate these priors through a Bayesian regularisation scheme in the context of map-making of the anisotropic stochastic GW background (SGWB). Specifically, we implement the quadratic form of regularizing function with varying strength of regularization and study its effect on image restoration for different types of the injected source intensity distribution in simulated LIGO data. We find that regularization significantly enhances the quality of reconstruction, especially when the intensity of the source is weak, and dramatically improves the stability of deconvolution. We further study the quality of reconstruction as a function of regularization constant. While in principle this constant is dependent on the data set, we show that the deconvolution process is robust against the choice of the constant, as long as it is chosen from a broad range of values obtained by the method presented here.
2008.05285
Gabriel R. Bengochea
Gabriel R. Bengochea, Gabriel Le\'on, Philip Pearle, Daniel Sudarsky
Discussions about the landscape of possibilities for treatments of cosmic inflation involving continuous spontaneous localization models
13 pages, 1 Appendix. Minor changes in title and abstract
Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 1021 (2020)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-08599-z
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we consider a wide variety of alternatives opened when applying the continuous spontaneous localization (CSL) dynamical collapse theory to the inflationary era. The definitive resolution of many of the issues discussed here will have to await, not only for a general relativistic CSL theory, but for a fully workable theory of quantum gravity. Our concern here is to explore these issues, and to warn against premature conclusions. This exploration includes: two different approaches to deal with quantum field theory and gravitation, the identification of the collapse-generating operator and the general nature and values of the parameters of the CSL theory. All the choices connected with these issues have the potential to dramatically alter the conclusions one can draw. We also argue that the incompatibilities found in a recent paper, between the CSL parameter values and the CMB observational data, are associated with specific choices made for the extrapolation to the cosmological context of the CSL theory (as it is known to work in non-relativistic laboratory situations) which do not represent the most natural ones.
[ { "created": "Tue, 11 Aug 2020 03:11:21 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 6 Nov 2020 02:26:50 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-11-09
[ [ "Bengochea", "Gabriel R.", "" ], [ "León", "Gabriel", "" ], [ "Pearle", "Philip", "" ], [ "Sudarsky", "Daniel", "" ] ]
In this work we consider a wide variety of alternatives opened when applying the continuous spontaneous localization (CSL) dynamical collapse theory to the inflationary era. The definitive resolution of many of the issues discussed here will have to await, not only for a general relativistic CSL theory, but for a fully workable theory of quantum gravity. Our concern here is to explore these issues, and to warn against premature conclusions. This exploration includes: two different approaches to deal with quantum field theory and gravitation, the identification of the collapse-generating operator and the general nature and values of the parameters of the CSL theory. All the choices connected with these issues have the potential to dramatically alter the conclusions one can draw. We also argue that the incompatibilities found in a recent paper, between the CSL parameter values and the CMB observational data, are associated with specific choices made for the extrapolation to the cosmological context of the CSL theory (as it is known to work in non-relativistic laboratory situations) which do not represent the most natural ones.
gr-qc/0009001
Abel Camacho Quintana
Abel Camacho Quintana (Astrophysikalisches Institut Potsdam)
Group-theoretical structure of quantum measurements and equivalence principle
13 pages, accepted in Modern Physics Letters A
Mod.Phys.Lett. A15 (2000) 1461-1470
10.1142/S0217732300001882
null
gr-qc quant-ph
null
The transverse group associated to some continuous quantum measuring processes is analyzed in the presence of nonvanishing gravitational fields. This is done considering, as an exmaple, the case of a particle whose coordinates are being monitored. Employing the so called restricted path integral formalism, it will be shown that the measuring process could always contain information concerning the gravitational field. In other words, it seems that with the presence of a measuring process the equivalence principle may, in some cases, break down. The relation between the breakdown of the equivalence principle, at quantum level, and the fact that the gravitational field could act always as a decoherence environment, is also considered. The phenomena of quantum beats of quantum optics will allow us to consider the possibility that the experimental corroboration of the equivalence principle at quantum level could be taken as an indirect evidence in favor of the quantization of the gravitational field, i.e., the quantum properties of this field avoid the violation of the equivalence principle.
[ { "created": "Fri, 1 Sep 2000 03:12:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Quintana", "Abel Camacho", "", "Astrophysikalisches Institut Potsdam" ] ]
The transverse group associated to some continuous quantum measuring processes is analyzed in the presence of nonvanishing gravitational fields. This is done considering, as an exmaple, the case of a particle whose coordinates are being monitored. Employing the so called restricted path integral formalism, it will be shown that the measuring process could always contain information concerning the gravitational field. In other words, it seems that with the presence of a measuring process the equivalence principle may, in some cases, break down. The relation between the breakdown of the equivalence principle, at quantum level, and the fact that the gravitational field could act always as a decoherence environment, is also considered. The phenomena of quantum beats of quantum optics will allow us to consider the possibility that the experimental corroboration of the equivalence principle at quantum level could be taken as an indirect evidence in favor of the quantization of the gravitational field, i.e., the quantum properties of this field avoid the violation of the equivalence principle.
2012.09075
Jose Geraldo Pereira
J. G. Pereira and D. F. L\'opez
An Improved Framework for Quantum Gravity
15 pages, no figures
Universe 6 (2020) 243
10.3390/universe6120243
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
General relativity has two fundamental problems that render it unsuitable for tackling the gravitational field's quantization. The first problem is the lack of a genuine gravitational variable representing gravitation only, inertial forces apart. The second problem is its incompatibility with quantum mechanics, a problem inherited from the more fundamental conflict of special relativity with quantum mechanics. A procedure to overcome these difficulties is outlined, which amounts to replacing general relativity with its teleparallel equivalent and the Poincar\'e-invariant special relativity with the de Sitter-invariant special relativity. Those replacements give rise to the de Sitter-modified teleparallel gravity, which does not have the two mentioned problems. It can thus be considered an improved alternative approach to quantum gravity.
[ { "created": "Wed, 16 Dec 2020 16:56:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-12-17
[ [ "Pereira", "J. G.", "" ], [ "López", "D. F.", "" ] ]
General relativity has two fundamental problems that render it unsuitable for tackling the gravitational field's quantization. The first problem is the lack of a genuine gravitational variable representing gravitation only, inertial forces apart. The second problem is its incompatibility with quantum mechanics, a problem inherited from the more fundamental conflict of special relativity with quantum mechanics. A procedure to overcome these difficulties is outlined, which amounts to replacing general relativity with its teleparallel equivalent and the Poincar\'e-invariant special relativity with the de Sitter-invariant special relativity. Those replacements give rise to the de Sitter-modified teleparallel gravity, which does not have the two mentioned problems. It can thus be considered an improved alternative approach to quantum gravity.
1612.02484
Freddy Cueva Solano
Freddy Cueva Solano
Exploring the effects of a double reconstruction on the growth rate of cosmic structure, using current observational data
22 pages, 6 figures and 7 tables, Prepared for submission to PRD
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Based on General Relativity (GR) we consider two different cosmological scenarios in where reconstruct the energy exchange (Q) between cold dark matter (DM) fluid and dark energy (DE) fluid, which is modelled with a DE varying equation of state (EoS) parameter {\omega}. We here investigate the main cosmological effects on the growth rate of matter density perturbations (f{\sigma}8), on the effective Hubble friction term (Heff ), on the effective Newton constant (Geff ) and on the growth index of the linear matter fluctuations ({\gamma}). Our study demonstrates that in the coupled models the evolution of these quantities are modified with respect to the predictions in the uncoupled models, and therefore could be used to distinguish among coupled DE scenarios. Finally, we also perform a combined statistical analysis using current observational data (geometric and dynamical probes) to put more stringent constraints on the parameters space of the cosmic scenarios studied.
[ { "created": "Wed, 7 Dec 2016 23:27:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-12-09
[ [ "Solano", "Freddy Cueva", "" ] ]
Based on General Relativity (GR) we consider two different cosmological scenarios in where reconstruct the energy exchange (Q) between cold dark matter (DM) fluid and dark energy (DE) fluid, which is modelled with a DE varying equation of state (EoS) parameter {\omega}. We here investigate the main cosmological effects on the growth rate of matter density perturbations (f{\sigma}8), on the effective Hubble friction term (Heff ), on the effective Newton constant (Geff ) and on the growth index of the linear matter fluctuations ({\gamma}). Our study demonstrates that in the coupled models the evolution of these quantities are modified with respect to the predictions in the uncoupled models, and therefore could be used to distinguish among coupled DE scenarios. Finally, we also perform a combined statistical analysis using current observational data (geometric and dynamical probes) to put more stringent constraints on the parameters space of the cosmic scenarios studied.
gr-qc/0210007
Roland Steinbauer
Jiri Podolsky, Roland Steinbauer
Geodesics in spacetimes with expanding impulsive gravitational waves
12 pages, Revtex, final version
Phys.Rev. D67 (2003) 064013
10.1103/PhysRevD.67.064013
null
gr-qc
null
We study geodesic motion in expanding spherical impulsive gravitational waves propagating in a Minkowski background. Employing the continuous form of the metric we find and examine a large family of geometrically preferred geodesics. For the special class of axially symmetric spacetimes with the spherical impulse generated by a snapping cosmic string we give a detailed physical interpretation of the motion of test particles.
[ { "created": "Wed, 2 Oct 2002 14:55:47 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 10 Apr 2003 11:08:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Podolsky", "Jiri", "" ], [ "Steinbauer", "Roland", "" ] ]
We study geodesic motion in expanding spherical impulsive gravitational waves propagating in a Minkowski background. Employing the continuous form of the metric we find and examine a large family of geometrically preferred geodesics. For the special class of axially symmetric spacetimes with the spherical impulse generated by a snapping cosmic string we give a detailed physical interpretation of the motion of test particles.
1601.02235
Guido Magnano
Guido Magnano
Nonlinear Gravitational Lagrangians revisited
Variational principles and conservation laws in General Relativity - Workshop in memory of Prof. Mauro Francaviglia - Torino, June 25th-26th, 2015
null
10.1142/S0219887816400065
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Legendre transformation method, applied in 1987 to deal with purely metric gravitational Lagrangians with nonlinear dependence on the Ricci tensor, is extended to metric-affine models and is shown to provide a concise and insightful comparison of the dynamical content of the two variational frameworks.
[ { "created": "Sun, 10 Jan 2016 17:16:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-09-21
[ [ "Magnano", "Guido", "" ] ]
The Legendre transformation method, applied in 1987 to deal with purely metric gravitational Lagrangians with nonlinear dependence on the Ricci tensor, is extended to metric-affine models and is shown to provide a concise and insightful comparison of the dynamical content of the two variational frameworks.
2210.01138
Johanna N. Borissova
Johanna N. Borissova, Alessia Platania
Formation and evaporation of quantum black holes from the decoupling mechanism in quantum gravity
v5: some more typos fixed
null
10.1007/JHEP03(2023)046
NORDITA 2022-069
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We propose a new method to account for quantum-gravitational effects in cosmological and black hole spacetimes. At the core of our construction is the "decoupling mechanism": when a physical infrared scale overcomes the effect of the regulator implementing the Wilsonian integration of fluctuating modes, the renormalization group flow of the scale-dependent effective action freezes out, so that at the decoupling scale the latter approximates the standard quantum effective action. Identifying the decoupling scale allows to access terms in the effective action that were not part of the original truncation and thus to study leading-order quantum corrections to field equations and their solutions. Starting from the Einstein-Hilbert truncation, we exploit for the first time the decoupling mechanism in quantum gravity to investigate the dynamics of quantum-corrected black holes from formation to evaporation. Our findings are in qualitative agreement with previous results in the context of renormalization group improved black holes, but additionally feature novel properties reminiscent of higher-derivative operators with specific non-local form factors.
[ { "created": "Mon, 3 Oct 2022 18:00:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 14 Oct 2022 19:08:30 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 21 Mar 2023 23:01:59 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 May 2023 13:03:41 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Tue, 23 May 2023 13:43:05 GMT", "version": "v5" } ]
2023-05-24
[ [ "Borissova", "Johanna N.", "" ], [ "Platania", "Alessia", "" ] ]
We propose a new method to account for quantum-gravitational effects in cosmological and black hole spacetimes. At the core of our construction is the "decoupling mechanism": when a physical infrared scale overcomes the effect of the regulator implementing the Wilsonian integration of fluctuating modes, the renormalization group flow of the scale-dependent effective action freezes out, so that at the decoupling scale the latter approximates the standard quantum effective action. Identifying the decoupling scale allows to access terms in the effective action that were not part of the original truncation and thus to study leading-order quantum corrections to field equations and their solutions. Starting from the Einstein-Hilbert truncation, we exploit for the first time the decoupling mechanism in quantum gravity to investigate the dynamics of quantum-corrected black holes from formation to evaporation. Our findings are in qualitative agreement with previous results in the context of renormalization group improved black holes, but additionally feature novel properties reminiscent of higher-derivative operators with specific non-local form factors.
2402.18993
Philipp Dorau
Philipp Dorau, Rainer Verch
Kodama-like Vector Fields in Axisymmetric Spacetimes
24 pages, 1 figure. v2: extended analysis of Kerr-Vaidya-de Sitter, removed misconception regarding the ADM definition of mass, minor revisions
Class. Quantum Grav. 41 145008 (2024)
10.1088/1361-6382/ad51c3
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We extend the concept of the Kodama symmetry, a quasi-local time translation symmetry for dynamical spherically symmetric spacetimes, to a specific class of dynamical axisymmetric spacetimes, namely the families of Kerr-Vaidya and Kerr-Vaidya-de Sitter spacetimes. We study some geometrical properties of the asymptotically flat Kerr-Vaidya metric, such as the Brown-York mass and the Einstein tensor. Furthermore, we propose a generalization of the Kerr-Vaidya metric to an asymptotic de Sitter background. We show that for these classes of dynamical axisymmetric black hole spacetimes, there exists a timelike vector field that exhibits similar properties to the Kodama vector field in spherical symmetry. This includes the construction of a covariantly conserved current and a corresponding locally conserved charge, which in the Kerr-Vaidya case converges to the Brown-York mass in the asymptotically flat region.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 Feb 2024 09:46:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 18 Jun 2024 11:41:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-07-12
[ [ "Dorau", "Philipp", "" ], [ "Verch", "Rainer", "" ] ]
We extend the concept of the Kodama symmetry, a quasi-local time translation symmetry for dynamical spherically symmetric spacetimes, to a specific class of dynamical axisymmetric spacetimes, namely the families of Kerr-Vaidya and Kerr-Vaidya-de Sitter spacetimes. We study some geometrical properties of the asymptotically flat Kerr-Vaidya metric, such as the Brown-York mass and the Einstein tensor. Furthermore, we propose a generalization of the Kerr-Vaidya metric to an asymptotic de Sitter background. We show that for these classes of dynamical axisymmetric black hole spacetimes, there exists a timelike vector field that exhibits similar properties to the Kodama vector field in spherical symmetry. This includes the construction of a covariantly conserved current and a corresponding locally conserved charge, which in the Kerr-Vaidya case converges to the Brown-York mass in the asymptotically flat region.
1305.3260
Mauricio Bellini
Pablo Alejandro S\'anchez, Mauricio Bellini (IFIMAR - Mar del Plata University and CONICET)
Inflationary dark energy from a condensate of spinors in a 5D vacuum
Final version to be published in a special number of IJMPD. Essay awarded by the Gravity Research Foundation with the Honorable Mention - Annual Essays Competition 2013
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
What is the physical origin of dark energy? Could this energy be originated by other fields than the inflaton? In this work we explore the possibility that the expansion of the universe can be driven by a condensate of spinors. These spinors are free of interactions on 5D relativistic vacuum in an extended de Sitter spacetime. The extra coordinate is considered as noncompact. After making a static foliation on the extra coordinate, we obtain an effective 4D (inflationary) de Sitter expansion which describes an inflationary universe. In view of our results we conclude that the condensate of spinors here studied could be an interesting candidate to explain the presence of dark energy in the early universe.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 May 2013 19:41:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 5 Jul 2013 21:06:28 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 9 Oct 2013 12:00:01 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 16 Oct 2013 22:15:53 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2013-10-18
[ [ "Sánchez", "Pablo Alejandro", "", "IFIMAR - Mar del Plata\n University and CONICET" ], [ "Bellini", "Mauricio", "", "IFIMAR - Mar del Plata\n University and CONICET" ] ]
What is the physical origin of dark energy? Could this energy be originated by other fields than the inflaton? In this work we explore the possibility that the expansion of the universe can be driven by a condensate of spinors. These spinors are free of interactions on 5D relativistic vacuum in an extended de Sitter spacetime. The extra coordinate is considered as noncompact. After making a static foliation on the extra coordinate, we obtain an effective 4D (inflationary) de Sitter expansion which describes an inflationary universe. In view of our results we conclude that the condensate of spinors here studied could be an interesting candidate to explain the presence of dark energy in the early universe.
gr-qc/0512057
Diego Pavon
Jose P. Mimoso, Ana Nunes and Diego Pavon
Asymptotic behavior of the warm inflation scenario with viscous pressure
31 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables. PACS numbers: 98.80Cq, 47.75+f
Phys.Rev. D73 (2006) 023502
10.1103/PhysRevD.73.023502
null
gr-qc
null
We analyze the dynamics of models of warm inflation with general dissipative effects. We consider phenomenological terms both for the inflaton decay rate and for viscous effects within matter. We provide a classification of the asymptotic behavior of these models and show that the existence of a late-time scaling regime depends not only on an asymptotic behavior of the scalar field potential, but also on an appropriate asymptotic behavior of the inflaton decay rate. There are scaling solutions whenever the latter evolves to become proportional to the Hubble rate of expansion regardless of the steepness of the scalar field exponential potential. We show from thermodynamic arguments that the scaling regime is associated to a power-law dependence of the matter-radiation temperature on the scale factor, which allows a mild variation of the temperature of the matter/radiation fluid. We also show that the late time contribution of the dissipative terms alleviates the depletion of matter, and increases the duration of inflation.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Dec 2005 11:29:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Mimoso", "Jose P.", "" ], [ "Nunes", "Ana", "" ], [ "Pavon", "Diego", "" ] ]
We analyze the dynamics of models of warm inflation with general dissipative effects. We consider phenomenological terms both for the inflaton decay rate and for viscous effects within matter. We provide a classification of the asymptotic behavior of these models and show that the existence of a late-time scaling regime depends not only on an asymptotic behavior of the scalar field potential, but also on an appropriate asymptotic behavior of the inflaton decay rate. There are scaling solutions whenever the latter evolves to become proportional to the Hubble rate of expansion regardless of the steepness of the scalar field exponential potential. We show from thermodynamic arguments that the scaling regime is associated to a power-law dependence of the matter-radiation temperature on the scale factor, which allows a mild variation of the temperature of the matter/radiation fluid. We also show that the late time contribution of the dissipative terms alleviates the depletion of matter, and increases the duration of inflation.
2407.18509
Sohan Kumar Jha
Sohan Kumar Jha
Shadow, ISCO, Quasinormal modes, Hawking spectrum, Weak Gravitational lensing, and parameter estimation of a Schwarzschild Black Hole Surrounded by a Dehnen Type Dark Matter Halo
corrected version
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We consider \s black hole (BH) embedded in a Dehnen-$(1,4,0)$ type dark matter halo (DDM) with two additional parameters - core radius $r_s$ and core density $\rs$ apart from mass $M$. We analyze the event horizon, photon orbits, and ISCO around DDM BHs and emphasize the impact of DDM parameters on them. Our study reveals that the presence of dark matter (DM) favourably impacts the radii of photon orbits, the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO), and the event horizon. We find the expressions for specific energy and angular momentum for massive particles in time-like geodesics around DDM BH and investigate their dependence on DDM parameters. We display BH shadows for various values of core density and radius that reveal larger shadows cast by a \s BH surrounded by DDM (SDDM) than a \s BH in vacuum (SV). We then move on to study quasinormal modes (QNMs) with the help of the $6th$ order WKB method, the greybody factor using the semi-analytic bounds method, and the Hawking spectrum for scalar and electromagnetic perturbations. Core density and radius are found to have a significant impact on QNMs. Since QNMs for scalar and electromagnetic perturbations differ significantly, we can differentiate the two based on QNM observation. The greybody factor increases with core density and radius, whereas, the power emitted as Hawking radiation is adversely impacted by the presence of DM. We then study the weak gravitational lensing using the Gauss-Bonnet theorem and obtain the deflection angle with higher-order correction terms. Here, we see the deflection angle gets enhanced due to DM. Finally, we use bounds on the deviation from \s, $\delta$, reported by EHT for $M87^*$, Keck, and VLTI observatories for $Sgr A^*$ to gauge the viability of our model. Our model is found to be concordant with observations. This leads to the possibility of our galactic center being surrounded by DDM.
[ { "created": "Fri, 26 Jul 2024 04:33:49 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 12 Aug 2024 06:26:04 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-08-13
[ [ "Jha", "Sohan Kumar", "" ] ]
We consider \s black hole (BH) embedded in a Dehnen-$(1,4,0)$ type dark matter halo (DDM) with two additional parameters - core radius $r_s$ and core density $\rs$ apart from mass $M$. We analyze the event horizon, photon orbits, and ISCO around DDM BHs and emphasize the impact of DDM parameters on them. Our study reveals that the presence of dark matter (DM) favourably impacts the radii of photon orbits, the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO), and the event horizon. We find the expressions for specific energy and angular momentum for massive particles in time-like geodesics around DDM BH and investigate their dependence on DDM parameters. We display BH shadows for various values of core density and radius that reveal larger shadows cast by a \s BH surrounded by DDM (SDDM) than a \s BH in vacuum (SV). We then move on to study quasinormal modes (QNMs) with the help of the $6th$ order WKB method, the greybody factor using the semi-analytic bounds method, and the Hawking spectrum for scalar and electromagnetic perturbations. Core density and radius are found to have a significant impact on QNMs. Since QNMs for scalar and electromagnetic perturbations differ significantly, we can differentiate the two based on QNM observation. The greybody factor increases with core density and radius, whereas, the power emitted as Hawking radiation is adversely impacted by the presence of DM. We then study the weak gravitational lensing using the Gauss-Bonnet theorem and obtain the deflection angle with higher-order correction terms. Here, we see the deflection angle gets enhanced due to DM. Finally, we use bounds on the deviation from \s, $\delta$, reported by EHT for $M87^*$, Keck, and VLTI observatories for $Sgr A^*$ to gauge the viability of our model. Our model is found to be concordant with observations. This leads to the possibility of our galactic center being surrounded by DDM.
gr-qc/9304037
null
L. Diosi and B. Lukacs
Calculation of X-Ray Signals from Karolyhazy Hazy Space-Time
7 pages, PlainTeX
Phys.Lett. 181A (1993) 366-368
10.1016/0375-9601(93)90389-H
null
gr-qc
null
Karolyhazy's hazy space-time model, invented for breaking down macroscopic interferences, employs wave-like gravity disturbances. If so, then electric charges would radiate permanently. Here we discuss the observational consequences of the radiation. We find that such radiation is excluded by common experimental situations.
[ { "created": "Sat, 24 Apr 1993 00:09:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Diosi", "L.", "" ], [ "Lukacs", "B.", "" ] ]
Karolyhazy's hazy space-time model, invented for breaking down macroscopic interferences, employs wave-like gravity disturbances. If so, then electric charges would radiate permanently. Here we discuss the observational consequences of the radiation. We find that such radiation is excluded by common experimental situations.
gr-qc/0008059
Innocenzo M. Pinto
R.P. Croce, Th. Demma, V.Pierro, I.M. Pinto, D. Churches, B.S. Sathyaprakash
Gravitational Wave Chirp Search: Economization of PN Matched Filter Bank via Cardinal Interpolation
scheduled for publicatin on Phys. Rev. D 62
Phys.Rev.D62:121101,2000
10.1103/PhysRevD.62.121101
null
gr-qc
null
The final inspiral phase in the evolution of a compact binary consisting of black holes and/or neutron stars is among the most probable events that a network of ground-based interferometric gravitational wave detectors is likely to observe. Gravitational radiation emitted during this phase will have to be dug out of noise by matched-filtering (correlating) the detector output with a bank of several $10^5$ templates, making the computational resources required quite demanding, though not formidable. We propose an interpolation method for evaluating the correlation between template waveforms and the detector output and show that the method is effective in substantially reducing the number of templates required. Indeed, the number of templates needed could be a factor $\sim 4$ smaller than required by the usual approach, when the minimal overlap between the template bank and an arbitrary signal (the so-called {\it minimal match}) is 0.97. The method is amenable to easy implementation, and the various detector projects might benefit by adopting it to reduce the computational costs of inspiraling neutron star and black hole binary search.
[ { "created": "Thu, 24 Aug 2000 13:28:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 8 Sep 2000 11:22:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-12-30
[ [ "Croce", "R. P.", "" ], [ "Demma", "Th.", "" ], [ "Pierro", "V.", "" ], [ "Pinto", "I. M.", "" ], [ "Churches", "D.", "" ], [ "Sathyaprakash", "B. S.", "" ] ]
The final inspiral phase in the evolution of a compact binary consisting of black holes and/or neutron stars is among the most probable events that a network of ground-based interferometric gravitational wave detectors is likely to observe. Gravitational radiation emitted during this phase will have to be dug out of noise by matched-filtering (correlating) the detector output with a bank of several $10^5$ templates, making the computational resources required quite demanding, though not formidable. We propose an interpolation method for evaluating the correlation between template waveforms and the detector output and show that the method is effective in substantially reducing the number of templates required. Indeed, the number of templates needed could be a factor $\sim 4$ smaller than required by the usual approach, when the minimal overlap between the template bank and an arbitrary signal (the so-called {\it minimal match}) is 0.97. The method is amenable to easy implementation, and the various detector projects might benefit by adopting it to reduce the computational costs of inspiraling neutron star and black hole binary search.
gr-qc/9903084
Gerard 't Hooft
Gerard 't Hooft
Quantum Gravity as a Dissipative Deterministic System
20 pages plain TeX, 2 figures PostScript. Added some further explanations, and the definitions of `beable' and `changeable'. A minor error corrected
Class.Quant.Grav.16:3263-3279,1999
10.1088/0264-9381/16/10/316
THU-99/07
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
null
It is argued that the so-called holographic principle will obstruct attempts to produce physically realistic models for the unification of general relativity with quantum mechanics, unless determinism in the latter is restored. The notion of time in GR is so different from the usual one in elementary particle physics that we believe that certain versions of hidden variable theories can -- and must -- be revived. A completely natural procedure is proposed, in which the dissipation of information plays an essential role. Unlike earlier attempts, it allows us to use strictly continuous and differentiable classical field theories as a starting point (although discrete variables, leading to fermionic degrees of freedom, are also welcome), and we show how an effective Hilbert space of quantum states naturally emerges when one attempts to describe the solutions statistically. Our theory removes some of the mysteries of the holographic principle; apparently non-local features are to be expected when the quantum degrees of freedom of the world are projected onto a lower-dimensional black hole horizon. Various examples and models illustrate the points we wish to make, notably a model showing that massless, non interacting neutrinos are deterministic.
[ { "created": "Mon, 22 Mar 1999 17:13:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 23 Mar 1999 11:53:41 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 1 Apr 1999 15:52:56 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Hooft", "Gerard 't", "" ] ]
It is argued that the so-called holographic principle will obstruct attempts to produce physically realistic models for the unification of general relativity with quantum mechanics, unless determinism in the latter is restored. The notion of time in GR is so different from the usual one in elementary particle physics that we believe that certain versions of hidden variable theories can -- and must -- be revived. A completely natural procedure is proposed, in which the dissipation of information plays an essential role. Unlike earlier attempts, it allows us to use strictly continuous and differentiable classical field theories as a starting point (although discrete variables, leading to fermionic degrees of freedom, are also welcome), and we show how an effective Hilbert space of quantum states naturally emerges when one attempts to describe the solutions statistically. Our theory removes some of the mysteries of the holographic principle; apparently non-local features are to be expected when the quantum degrees of freedom of the world are projected onto a lower-dimensional black hole horizon. Various examples and models illustrate the points we wish to make, notably a model showing that massless, non interacting neutrinos are deterministic.
1710.02807
Daniele Oriti
Daniele Oriti
Spacetime as a quantum many-body system
15 pages; invited contribution to "Many-body approaches at different scales: A tribute to Norman H. March on the occasion of his 90th birthday", edited by G. G. N. Angilella and C. Amovilli (New York, Springer, 2017 - to appear)
null
null
null
gr-qc cond-mat.other hep-th physics.hist-ph physics.pop-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Quantum gravity has become a fertile interface between gravitational physics and quantum many-body physics, with its double goal of identifying the microscopic constituents of the universe and their fundamental dynamics, and of understanding their collective properties and how spacetime and geometry themselves emerge from them at macroscopic scales. In this brief contribution, we outline the problem of quantum gravity from this emergent spacetime perspective, and discuss some examples in which ideas and methods from quantum many-body systems have found a central role in quantum gravity research.
[ { "created": "Sun, 8 Oct 2017 09:09:32 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-10-10
[ [ "Oriti", "Daniele", "" ] ]
Quantum gravity has become a fertile interface between gravitational physics and quantum many-body physics, with its double goal of identifying the microscopic constituents of the universe and their fundamental dynamics, and of understanding their collective properties and how spacetime and geometry themselves emerge from them at macroscopic scales. In this brief contribution, we outline the problem of quantum gravity from this emergent spacetime perspective, and discuss some examples in which ideas and methods from quantum many-body systems have found a central role in quantum gravity research.
2002.10659
Matt Visser
Thomas Berry (Victoria University of Wellington) and Matt Visser (Victoria University of Wellington)
Relativistic combination of non-collinear 3-velocities using quaternions
V1: 13 pages. V2: now 17 pages. Four new references, four new pages of discussion (relativistic combination of three 3-velocities)
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Quaternions have an (over a century-old) extensive and quite complicated interaction with special relativity. Since quaternions are intrinsically 4-dimensional, and do such a good job of handling 3-dimensional rotations, the hope has always been that the use of quaternions would simplify some of the algebra of the Lorentz transformations. Herein we report a relatively nice result for the relativistic combination of non-collinear 3-velocities. If we work with the relativistic half-velocities $w$ defined by $v={2w\over1+w^2}$, and promote them to quaternions using $\mathbf{w} = w \; \mathbf{\hat n}$, where $\mathbf{\hat n}$ is a unit quaternion, then we shall show \[ \mathbf{w}_{1\oplus2} = \mathbf{w}_1 \oplus \mathbf{w}_2 =(1-\mathbf{w}_1\mathbf{w}_2)^{-1} (\mathbf{w}_1 +\mathbf{w}_2) = (\mathbf{w}_1 +\mathbf{w}_2)(1-\mathbf{w}_2\mathbf{w}_1)^{-1}. \] All of the complicated angular dependence for relativistic combination of non-collinear 3-velocities is now encoded in the quaternion multiplication of $\mathbf{w}_1$ with $\mathbf{w}_2$. This result can furthermore be extended to obtain an elegant and compact formula for the associated Wigner angle: \[ \mathrm{e}^{\mathbf{\Omega}} = \mathrm{e}^{\Omega \; \mathbf{\hat\Omega} } = (1-\mathbf{w}_1\mathbf{w}_2)^{-1} (1-\mathbf{w}_2\mathbf{w}_1), \] in terms of which \[ {\mathbf{\hat{n}}}_{1\oplus2} = \mathrm{e}^{\mathbf{\Omega}/2} \;\; {\mathbf{w}_1+\mathbf{w}_2\over |\mathbf{w}_1+\mathbf{w}_2|}; \qquad\qquad {\mathbf{\hat{n}}}_{2\oplus1} = \mathrm{e}^{-\mathbf{\Omega}/2} \;\; {\mathbf{w}_1+\mathbf{w}_2\over |\mathbf{w}_1+\mathbf{w}_2|}. \] Thus, we would argue, many key results that are ultimately due to the non-commutativity of non-collinear boosts can be easily rephrased in terms of the algebra of quaternions.
[ { "created": "Tue, 25 Feb 2020 04:09:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 13 Mar 2020 09:11:18 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-03-16
[ [ "Berry", "Thomas", "", "Victoria University of Wellington" ], [ "Visser", "Matt", "", "Victoria University of Wellington" ] ]
Quaternions have an (over a century-old) extensive and quite complicated interaction with special relativity. Since quaternions are intrinsically 4-dimensional, and do such a good job of handling 3-dimensional rotations, the hope has always been that the use of quaternions would simplify some of the algebra of the Lorentz transformations. Herein we report a relatively nice result for the relativistic combination of non-collinear 3-velocities. If we work with the relativistic half-velocities $w$ defined by $v={2w\over1+w^2}$, and promote them to quaternions using $\mathbf{w} = w \; \mathbf{\hat n}$, where $\mathbf{\hat n}$ is a unit quaternion, then we shall show \[ \mathbf{w}_{1\oplus2} = \mathbf{w}_1 \oplus \mathbf{w}_2 =(1-\mathbf{w}_1\mathbf{w}_2)^{-1} (\mathbf{w}_1 +\mathbf{w}_2) = (\mathbf{w}_1 +\mathbf{w}_2)(1-\mathbf{w}_2\mathbf{w}_1)^{-1}. \] All of the complicated angular dependence for relativistic combination of non-collinear 3-velocities is now encoded in the quaternion multiplication of $\mathbf{w}_1$ with $\mathbf{w}_2$. This result can furthermore be extended to obtain an elegant and compact formula for the associated Wigner angle: \[ \mathrm{e}^{\mathbf{\Omega}} = \mathrm{e}^{\Omega \; \mathbf{\hat\Omega} } = (1-\mathbf{w}_1\mathbf{w}_2)^{-1} (1-\mathbf{w}_2\mathbf{w}_1), \] in terms of which \[ {\mathbf{\hat{n}}}_{1\oplus2} = \mathrm{e}^{\mathbf{\Omega}/2} \;\; {\mathbf{w}_1+\mathbf{w}_2\over |\mathbf{w}_1+\mathbf{w}_2|}; \qquad\qquad {\mathbf{\hat{n}}}_{2\oplus1} = \mathrm{e}^{-\mathbf{\Omega}/2} \;\; {\mathbf{w}_1+\mathbf{w}_2\over |\mathbf{w}_1+\mathbf{w}_2|}. \] Thus, we would argue, many key results that are ultimately due to the non-commutativity of non-collinear boosts can be easily rephrased in terms of the algebra of quaternions.
1506.00927
Carlo Rovelli
Carlo Rovelli
The strange equation of quantum gravity
Appeared in the Classical and Quantum Gravity Focus issue: Milestones of general relativity. 7 pages
Class. Quantum Grav. 32 (2015) 124005
10.1088/0264-9381/32/12/124005
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Disavowed by one its fathers, ill defined, never empirically tested, the Wheeler-DeWitt equation has nevertheless had a powerful influence on fundamental physics. A well deserved one.
[ { "created": "Tue, 2 Jun 2015 15:36:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-17
[ [ "Rovelli", "Carlo", "" ] ]
Disavowed by one its fathers, ill defined, never empirically tested, the Wheeler-DeWitt equation has nevertheless had a powerful influence on fundamental physics. A well deserved one.
1403.5988
Markus Lazar
Congrui Jin, Markus Lazar
A note on Lorentz-like transformations and superluminal motion
9 pages, 1 figure
null
10.1002/zamm.201300162
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this extended note a critical discussion of an extension of the Lorentz transformations for velocities faster than the speed of light given recently by Hill and Cox is provided. The presented approach reveals the connection between faster-than-light speeds and the issue of isotropy of space. It is shown if the relative speed between the two inertial frames $v$ is greater than the speed of light, the condition of isotropy of space cannot be retained. It further specifies the respective transformations applying to $-\infty<v<-c$ and $c<v<+\infty$. It is proved that such Lorentz-like transformations are improper transformations since the Jacobian is negative. As a consequence, the wave operator, the light-cone and the volume element are not invariant under such Lorentz-like transformations. Also it is shown that such Lorentz-like transformations are not new and already known in the literature.
[ { "created": "Mon, 24 Mar 2014 15:09:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 14 Apr 2014 16:56:30 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-04-15
[ [ "Jin", "Congrui", "" ], [ "Lazar", "Markus", "" ] ]
In this extended note a critical discussion of an extension of the Lorentz transformations for velocities faster than the speed of light given recently by Hill and Cox is provided. The presented approach reveals the connection between faster-than-light speeds and the issue of isotropy of space. It is shown if the relative speed between the two inertial frames $v$ is greater than the speed of light, the condition of isotropy of space cannot be retained. It further specifies the respective transformations applying to $-\infty<v<-c$ and $c<v<+\infty$. It is proved that such Lorentz-like transformations are improper transformations since the Jacobian is negative. As a consequence, the wave operator, the light-cone and the volume element are not invariant under such Lorentz-like transformations. Also it is shown that such Lorentz-like transformations are not new and already known in the literature.
gr-qc/0210108
I. B. Khriplovich
I.B. Khriplovich
How Are Black Holes Quantized?
Talk at XXXVI Winter School of Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics, Sanct-Petersburg, Februrary 2002
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
Some approaches to quantization of the horizon area of black holes are discussed. The maximum entropy of a quantized surface is demonstrated to be proportional to the surface area in the classical limit. This result is valid for a rather general class of approaches to surface quantization. In the case of rotating black holes no satisfactory solution for the quantization problem has been found up to now.
[ { "created": "Thu, 31 Oct 2002 06:30:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Khriplovich", "I. B.", "" ] ]
Some approaches to quantization of the horizon area of black holes are discussed. The maximum entropy of a quantized surface is demonstrated to be proportional to the surface area in the classical limit. This result is valid for a rather general class of approaches to surface quantization. In the case of rotating black holes no satisfactory solution for the quantization problem has been found up to now.
1309.3523
Adam Kelleher
Adam Kelleher
Dark Energy and Dark Matter in $f(R)$ Gravity and an Alternative Chameleon Mechanism
null
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Metric $f(R)$ gravity theories behave like GR with cosmological constant when $f"(R)$ = 0, and like scalar-tensor theories elsewhere. I investigate the transition from $f"(R) \neq 0$ to $f"(R) = 0$, and show that this theory may offer a way to explain Dark Energy and/or Dark Matter without having to make use of the chameleon mechanism to agree with solar system tests.
[ { "created": "Fri, 13 Sep 2013 17:43:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-09-16
[ [ "Kelleher", "Adam", "" ] ]
Metric $f(R)$ gravity theories behave like GR with cosmological constant when $f"(R)$ = 0, and like scalar-tensor theories elsewhere. I investigate the transition from $f"(R) \neq 0$ to $f"(R) = 0$, and show that this theory may offer a way to explain Dark Energy and/or Dark Matter without having to make use of the chameleon mechanism to agree with solar system tests.
gr-qc/9506077
Roberto Gomez
Simonetta Frittelli and Oscar Reula
On the Newtonian Limit of General Relativity
16 pages, uses REVTeX
Commun.Math.Phys. 166 (1994) 221
10.1007/BF02112314
null
gr-qc
null
We find a choice of variables for the 3+1 formulation of general relativity which casts the evolution equations into (flux-conservative) symmetric-hyperbolic first order form for arbitrary lapse and shift, for the first time. We redefine the lapse function in terms of the determinant of the 3-metric and a free function U which embodies the lapse freedom. By rescaling the variables with appropriate factors of 1/c, the system is shown to have a smooth Newtonian limit when the redefined lapse U and the shift are fixed by means of elliptic equations to be satisfied on each time slice. We give a prescription for the choice of appropriate initial data with controlled extra-radiation content, based on the theory of problems with different time-scales. Our results are local, in the sense that we are not concerned with the treatment of asymptotic regions. On the other hand, this local theory is all what is needed for most problems of practical numerical computation.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 Jun 1995 19:33:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Frittelli", "Simonetta", "" ], [ "Reula", "Oscar", "" ] ]
We find a choice of variables for the 3+1 formulation of general relativity which casts the evolution equations into (flux-conservative) symmetric-hyperbolic first order form for arbitrary lapse and shift, for the first time. We redefine the lapse function in terms of the determinant of the 3-metric and a free function U which embodies the lapse freedom. By rescaling the variables with appropriate factors of 1/c, the system is shown to have a smooth Newtonian limit when the redefined lapse U and the shift are fixed by means of elliptic equations to be satisfied on each time slice. We give a prescription for the choice of appropriate initial data with controlled extra-radiation content, based on the theory of problems with different time-scales. Our results are local, in the sense that we are not concerned with the treatment of asymptotic regions. On the other hand, this local theory is all what is needed for most problems of practical numerical computation.
1007.2734
Miquel Pinyol Ribas
Miquel Pinyol Ribas, Ignacio Lopez Aylagas
Transition from Established Stationary Vision of Black Holes to Never-Stationary Gravitational Collapse
11 pages, 2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The established concept of black hole emerged from several results founded on Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. In this article, the relationship between these results is analyzed, and it is pointed out how, in spite of being individually correct, the sum of all them do not actually determine the existence of black holes. Some logical incompatibilities in the standard Black Hole model are put into evidence, and the alternative scheme of the Never-Stationary Gravitational Collapse is defended. To illustrate the essence of the new paradigm, a simple but conceptually complete toy model is worked out and a qualitatively suitable metric for Never-Stationary Gravitational Collapse is presented.
[ { "created": "Fri, 16 Jul 2010 10:27:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 26 Jul 2010 15:14:18 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-07-27
[ [ "Ribas", "Miquel Pinyol", "" ], [ "Aylagas", "Ignacio Lopez", "" ] ]
The established concept of black hole emerged from several results founded on Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. In this article, the relationship between these results is analyzed, and it is pointed out how, in spite of being individually correct, the sum of all them do not actually determine the existence of black holes. Some logical incompatibilities in the standard Black Hole model are put into evidence, and the alternative scheme of the Never-Stationary Gravitational Collapse is defended. To illustrate the essence of the new paradigm, a simple but conceptually complete toy model is worked out and a qualitatively suitable metric for Never-Stationary Gravitational Collapse is presented.
gr-qc/9609038
65247
I-Ching Yang, Ching-Tzung Yeh, Rue-Ron Hsu and Chin-Rong Lee
On the energy of a charged dilaton black hole
12 pages, 6 figures, LaTeX
Int.J.Mod.Phys. D6 (1997) 349-356
10.1142/S0218271897000194
NCKU-HEP/96-03
gr-qc
null
Employing energy-momentum pseudotensor of Einstein, we obtian the energy distribution of a dyonic dilaton black hole. The energy distribution of this black hole depends on mass $ M $, electric charge $ Q_{e} $, magnetic charge $ Q_{m} $ and asymptotic values of the dilaton $ \phi_{0} $. We also mmake some comparisons between the results of Virbhadra et. al. and ours.
[ { "created": "Fri, 13 Sep 1996 21:50:42 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Yang", "I-Ching", "" ], [ "Yeh", "Ching-Tzung", "" ], [ "Hsu", "Rue-Ron", "" ], [ "Lee", "Chin-Rong", "" ] ]
Employing energy-momentum pseudotensor of Einstein, we obtian the energy distribution of a dyonic dilaton black hole. The energy distribution of this black hole depends on mass $ M $, electric charge $ Q_{e} $, magnetic charge $ Q_{m} $ and asymptotic values of the dilaton $ \phi_{0} $. We also mmake some comparisons between the results of Virbhadra et. al. and ours.
1508.01510
Harald Skarke
Harald Skarke
Cosmic Acceleration as an Optical Illusion
34 pages, 7 figures; v2: references added; v3: stronger modifications, particularly in the discussion section concerning the reliability of results
null
null
TUW-15-14
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider light propagation in an inhomogeneous irrotational dust universe with vanishing cosmological constant, with initial conditions as in standard linear perturbation theory. A non-perturbative approach to the dynamics of such a universe is combined with a distance formula based on the Sachs optical equations. Then a numerical study implies a redshift-distance relation that roughly agrees with observations. Interpreted in the standard homogeneous setup, our results would appear to imply the currently accepted values for the Hubble rate and the deceleration parameter; furthermore there is consistency with density perturbations at last scattering. The determination of these three quantities relies only on a single parameter related to a cutoff scale. Discrepancies with the existing literature are related to subtleties of higher order perturbation theory which make both the reliability of the present approach and the magnitude of perturbative effects beyond second order hard to assess.
[ { "created": "Thu, 6 Aug 2015 12:19:45 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 24 Aug 2015 11:13:49 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 29 Sep 2016 12:45:07 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2016-09-30
[ [ "Skarke", "Harald", "" ] ]
We consider light propagation in an inhomogeneous irrotational dust universe with vanishing cosmological constant, with initial conditions as in standard linear perturbation theory. A non-perturbative approach to the dynamics of such a universe is combined with a distance formula based on the Sachs optical equations. Then a numerical study implies a redshift-distance relation that roughly agrees with observations. Interpreted in the standard homogeneous setup, our results would appear to imply the currently accepted values for the Hubble rate and the deceleration parameter; furthermore there is consistency with density perturbations at last scattering. The determination of these three quantities relies only on a single parameter related to a cutoff scale. Discrepancies with the existing literature are related to subtleties of higher order perturbation theory which make both the reliability of the present approach and the magnitude of perturbative effects beyond second order hard to assess.
1011.2036
Li Zhengxiang
Zhengxiang Li, Puxun Wu, Hongwei Yu
Probing the course of cosmic expansion with a combination of observational data
19 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in JCAP
JCAP 1011:031,2010
10.1088/1475-7516/2010/11/031
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the cosmic expansion history by reconstructing the deceleration parameter $q(z)$ from the SDSS-II type Ia supernova sample (SNIa) with two different light curve fits (MLCS2k2 and SALT-II), the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) distance ratio, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) shift parameter, and the lookback time-redshift (LT) from the age of old passive galaxies. Three parametrization forms for the equation of state of dark energy (CPL, JBP, and UIS) are considered. Our results show that, for the CPL and the UIS forms, MLCS2k2 SDSS-II SNIa+BAO+CMB and MLCS2k2 SDSS-II SNIa+BAO+CMB+LT favor a currently slowing-down cosmic acceleration, but this does not occur for all other cases, where an increasing cosmic acceleration is still favored. Thus, the reconstructed evolutionary behaviors of dark energy and the course of the cosmic acceleration are highly dependent both on the light curve fitting method for the SNIa and the parametrization form for the equation of state of dark energy.
[ { "created": "Tue, 9 Nov 2010 10:49:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-05-10
[ [ "Li", "Zhengxiang", "" ], [ "Wu", "Puxun", "" ], [ "Yu", "Hongwei", "" ] ]
We study the cosmic expansion history by reconstructing the deceleration parameter $q(z)$ from the SDSS-II type Ia supernova sample (SNIa) with two different light curve fits (MLCS2k2 and SALT-II), the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) distance ratio, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) shift parameter, and the lookback time-redshift (LT) from the age of old passive galaxies. Three parametrization forms for the equation of state of dark energy (CPL, JBP, and UIS) are considered. Our results show that, for the CPL and the UIS forms, MLCS2k2 SDSS-II SNIa+BAO+CMB and MLCS2k2 SDSS-II SNIa+BAO+CMB+LT favor a currently slowing-down cosmic acceleration, but this does not occur for all other cases, where an increasing cosmic acceleration is still favored. Thus, the reconstructed evolutionary behaviors of dark energy and the course of the cosmic acceleration are highly dependent both on the light curve fitting method for the SNIa and the parametrization form for the equation of state of dark energy.
1803.10066
Jian-Yang Zhu
Yang-Yang Wang, Jian-Yang Zhu and Xiao-Min Zhang
Two-field Warm Inflation and Its Scalar Perturbations on Large Scales
10 pages, 4 figures
Phys. Rev. D 97, 063510 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.97.063510
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We explore the homogeneous background dynamics and the evolution of generated perturbations of cosmological inflation that is driven by multiple scalar fields interacting with a perfect fluid.Then we apply the method to warm inflation driven by two scalar fields and a radiation fluid, and present general results about the evolution of the inflaton and radiation. After decomposing the perturbations into adiabatic and entropy modes, we give the equation of motion of adiabatic and entropy perturbations on large scales. Then, we give numerical results of background and perturbation equations in a concrete model (the dissipative coefficient $\Gamma \propto H$). At last, we use the most recent observational data to constrain our models and give the observationally allowed regions of parameters. This work is a natural extension of warm inflation to multi-field cases.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Mar 2018 13:31:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-04-04
[ [ "Wang", "Yang-Yang", "" ], [ "Zhu", "Jian-Yang", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Xiao-Min", "" ] ]
We explore the homogeneous background dynamics and the evolution of generated perturbations of cosmological inflation that is driven by multiple scalar fields interacting with a perfect fluid.Then we apply the method to warm inflation driven by two scalar fields and a radiation fluid, and present general results about the evolution of the inflaton and radiation. After decomposing the perturbations into adiabatic and entropy modes, we give the equation of motion of adiabatic and entropy perturbations on large scales. Then, we give numerical results of background and perturbation equations in a concrete model (the dissipative coefficient $\Gamma \propto H$). At last, we use the most recent observational data to constrain our models and give the observationally allowed regions of parameters. This work is a natural extension of warm inflation to multi-field cases.
gr-qc/0403108
Mehmet Cem Calik
M. Arik and M. C. Calik
Primordial and asymptotic inflation in Brans-Dicke cosmology
7 pages, no figures
JCAP 0501 (2005) 013
10.1088/1475-7516/2005/01/013
null
gr-qc
null
The basic motivation of this work is to attempt to explain the rapid primordial inflation and the observed slow late-time inflation by using the Brans-Dicke theory of gravity. We show that the ratio of these two inflation parameters is proportional to the square root of the Brans-Dicke parameter $% \omega$ $(\omega\gg1) $. We also calculate the Hubble parameter $% H$ and the time variation of the time dependent Newtonian gravitational constant $G$ for both regimes. The variation of the Hubble parameter predicted by Brans-Dicke cosmology is shown to be consistent with recent measurements: The value of $H$ in the late-time future is predicted as 0.86 times the present value of $H$.
[ { "created": "Fri, 26 Mar 2004 16:06:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 14 Dec 2005 20:36:35 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Arik", "M.", "" ], [ "Calik", "M. C.", "" ] ]
The basic motivation of this work is to attempt to explain the rapid primordial inflation and the observed slow late-time inflation by using the Brans-Dicke theory of gravity. We show that the ratio of these two inflation parameters is proportional to the square root of the Brans-Dicke parameter $% \omega$ $(\omega\gg1) $. We also calculate the Hubble parameter $% H$ and the time variation of the time dependent Newtonian gravitational constant $G$ for both regimes. The variation of the Hubble parameter predicted by Brans-Dicke cosmology is shown to be consistent with recent measurements: The value of $H$ in the late-time future is predicted as 0.86 times the present value of $H$.
1903.00287
Haruka Suzuki
Haruka Suzuki, Priti Gupta, Hirotada Okawa and Kei-ichi Maeda
Cumulative Shift of Periastron Time of Binary Pulsar with Kozai-Lidov Oscillation
6 pages, 3 figures, accepted by MNRAS letters
null
10.1093/mnrasl/slz058
null
gr-qc astro-ph.SR
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study a hierarchical triple system with the Kozai-Lidov mechanism, and analyse the cumulative shift of periastron time of a binary pulsar by the emission of gravitational waves. Time evolution of the osculating orbital elements of the triple system is calculated by directly integrating the first-order post-Newtonian equations of motion. The Kozai-Lidov mechanism will bend the evolution curve of the cumulative shift when the eccentricity becomes large. We also investigate the parameter range of mass and semi-major axis of the third companion with which the bending of the cumulative-shift curve could occur within 100 years.
[ { "created": "Fri, 1 Mar 2019 13:28:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 26 Apr 2019 14:44:26 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-05-08
[ [ "Suzuki", "Haruka", "" ], [ "Gupta", "Priti", "" ], [ "Okawa", "Hirotada", "" ], [ "Maeda", "Kei-ichi", "" ] ]
We study a hierarchical triple system with the Kozai-Lidov mechanism, and analyse the cumulative shift of periastron time of a binary pulsar by the emission of gravitational waves. Time evolution of the osculating orbital elements of the triple system is calculated by directly integrating the first-order post-Newtonian equations of motion. The Kozai-Lidov mechanism will bend the evolution curve of the cumulative shift when the eccentricity becomes large. We also investigate the parameter range of mass and semi-major axis of the third companion with which the bending of the cumulative-shift curve could occur within 100 years.
2303.08183
Andrea Maselli
Enzo Figueiredo, Andrea Maselli, Vitor Cardoso
Black holes surrounded by generic dark matter profiles: appearance and gravitational-wave emission
8 pages, 5 figures
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.104033
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We develop a numerical approach to find asymptotically flat black hole solutions coupled to anisotropic fluids, described by generic density profiles. Our model allows for a variety of applications in realistic astrophysical scenarios, and is potentially able to describe the geometry of galaxies hosting supermassive black holes, dark matter environments and accretion phenomena. We apply our framework to a black hole surrounded by different families of dark matter profiles, namely the Hernquist, the Navarro-Frenk White and the Einasto models. We study the geodesic motion of light and of massive particles in such spacetimes. Moreover we compute gravitational axial perturbations induced by a small secondary on the numerical background, and determine the changes in the emitted gravitational wave fluxes compared to the vacuum case. Our analysis confirms and extend previous studies showing that modifications of orbital frequencies and axial fluxes can be described in terms of gravitational-redshift, regardless of the halo model.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 Mar 2023 19:00:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-05-24
[ [ "Figueiredo", "Enzo", "" ], [ "Maselli", "Andrea", "" ], [ "Cardoso", "Vitor", "" ] ]
We develop a numerical approach to find asymptotically flat black hole solutions coupled to anisotropic fluids, described by generic density profiles. Our model allows for a variety of applications in realistic astrophysical scenarios, and is potentially able to describe the geometry of galaxies hosting supermassive black holes, dark matter environments and accretion phenomena. We apply our framework to a black hole surrounded by different families of dark matter profiles, namely the Hernquist, the Navarro-Frenk White and the Einasto models. We study the geodesic motion of light and of massive particles in such spacetimes. Moreover we compute gravitational axial perturbations induced by a small secondary on the numerical background, and determine the changes in the emitted gravitational wave fluxes compared to the vacuum case. Our analysis confirms and extend previous studies showing that modifications of orbital frequencies and axial fluxes can be described in terms of gravitational-redshift, regardless of the halo model.
2112.14777
Giovanni Maria Tomaselli
Daniel Baumann, Gianfranco Bertone, John Stout, and Giovanni Maria Tomaselli
Ionization of Gravitational Atoms
34+21 pages, 16 figures
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.115036
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Superradiant instabilities may create clouds of ultralight bosons around rotating black holes, forming so-called "gravitational atoms." It was recently shown that the presence of a binary companion can induce resonant transitions between bound states of these clouds, whose backreaction on the binary's orbit leads to characteristic signatures in the emitted gravitational waves. In this work, we show that the interaction with the companion can also trigger transitions from bound to unbound states of the cloud -- a process that we refer to as "ionization" in analogy with the photoelectric effect in atomic physics. The orbital energy lost in the process overwhelms the losses due to gravitational wave emission and contains sharp features carrying information about the energy spectrum of the cloud. Moreover, we also show that if the companion is a black hole, then the part of the cloud impinging on the event horizon will be absorbed. This "accretion" leads to a significant increase of the companion's mass, which alters the dynamical evolution and ensuing waveform of the binary. We argue that a combined treatment of resonances, ionization, and accretion is crucial to discover and characterize gravitational atoms with upcoming gravitational wave detectors.
[ { "created": "Wed, 29 Dec 2021 19:00:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 6 Jun 2022 09:29:40 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-07-13
[ [ "Baumann", "Daniel", "" ], [ "Bertone", "Gianfranco", "" ], [ "Stout", "John", "" ], [ "Tomaselli", "Giovanni Maria", "" ] ]
Superradiant instabilities may create clouds of ultralight bosons around rotating black holes, forming so-called "gravitational atoms." It was recently shown that the presence of a binary companion can induce resonant transitions between bound states of these clouds, whose backreaction on the binary's orbit leads to characteristic signatures in the emitted gravitational waves. In this work, we show that the interaction with the companion can also trigger transitions from bound to unbound states of the cloud -- a process that we refer to as "ionization" in analogy with the photoelectric effect in atomic physics. The orbital energy lost in the process overwhelms the losses due to gravitational wave emission and contains sharp features carrying information about the energy spectrum of the cloud. Moreover, we also show that if the companion is a black hole, then the part of the cloud impinging on the event horizon will be absorbed. This "accretion" leads to a significant increase of the companion's mass, which alters the dynamical evolution and ensuing waveform of the binary. We argue that a combined treatment of resonances, ionization, and accretion is crucial to discover and characterize gravitational atoms with upcoming gravitational wave detectors.
2109.00247
Abolhassan Mohammadi
Abolhassan Mohammadi
Holographic warm inflation
9 pages, 5 figures
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.104.123538
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The increasing interest in studying the role of holographic dark energy in the evolution of the very early universe motivates us to study it for the scenario of warm inflation. Due to this scenario, the holographic dark energy, which now drives inflation, has an interaction with the radiation. The case of interacting dark energy also has received increasing interest in studying the late time cosmology. The Infrared cutoff is taken as the Hubble length and all corrections are assumed to be exhibited by the parameter $c$, which appears in the holographic dark energy. By comparing the predictions of the model with observational data, the free constants of the model could be determined. Then, by using these values of the constants, the energy density of inflation is estimated. Next, we consider the validity of the fundamental assumptions of the warm inflation, e.g. $T/H > 1$, which is necessary to be held during inflation, for the obtained values of the constant. Gathering all outcomes, the model could be count as a suitable candidate for warm inflation.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Sep 2021 08:36:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-01-05
[ [ "Mohammadi", "Abolhassan", "" ] ]
The increasing interest in studying the role of holographic dark energy in the evolution of the very early universe motivates us to study it for the scenario of warm inflation. Due to this scenario, the holographic dark energy, which now drives inflation, has an interaction with the radiation. The case of interacting dark energy also has received increasing interest in studying the late time cosmology. The Infrared cutoff is taken as the Hubble length and all corrections are assumed to be exhibited by the parameter $c$, which appears in the holographic dark energy. By comparing the predictions of the model with observational data, the free constants of the model could be determined. Then, by using these values of the constants, the energy density of inflation is estimated. Next, we consider the validity of the fundamental assumptions of the warm inflation, e.g. $T/H > 1$, which is necessary to be held during inflation, for the obtained values of the constant. Gathering all outcomes, the model could be count as a suitable candidate for warm inflation.
gr-qc/0202098
D. V. Ahluwalia
D. V. Ahluwalia (Zacatecas)
At the interface of quantum and gravitational realms
Invited talk presented at "Mexican meeting on mathematical and experimental physics (Colegio Nacional, 10-14 IX 2001)." 8 pages, 37 references
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph hep-th
null
In this talk I review a series of recent conceptual developments at the interface of the quantum and gravitational realms. Wherever possible, I comment on the possibility to probe the interface experimentally. It is concluded that the underlying spacetime for a quantum theory of gravity must be non-commutative, that wave-particle duality suffers significant modification at the Planck scale, and that the latter forbids probing spacetime below Planck length. Furthermore, study of quantum test particles in classical and quantum sources of gravity puts forward theoretical challenges and new experimental possibilities. It is suggested that existing technology may allow to probe gravitationally-modified wave particle duality in the laboratory.
[ { "created": "Wed, 27 Feb 2002 23:34:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Ahluwalia", "D. V.", "", "Zacatecas" ] ]
In this talk I review a series of recent conceptual developments at the interface of the quantum and gravitational realms. Wherever possible, I comment on the possibility to probe the interface experimentally. It is concluded that the underlying spacetime for a quantum theory of gravity must be non-commutative, that wave-particle duality suffers significant modification at the Planck scale, and that the latter forbids probing spacetime below Planck length. Furthermore, study of quantum test particles in classical and quantum sources of gravity puts forward theoretical challenges and new experimental possibilities. It is suggested that existing technology may allow to probe gravitationally-modified wave particle duality in the laboratory.
gr-qc/9605014
Andrew M. Abrahams
A. Abrahams, A. Anderson, Y. Choquet-Bruhat and J.W. York Jr
Geometrical Hyperbolic Systems for General Relativity and Gauge Theories
24 pages, latex, no figures
Class.Quant.Grav.14:A9-A22,1997
10.1088/0264-9381/14/1A/002
IFP-UNC-516, TAR-UNC-053
gr-qc
null
The evolution equations of Einstein's theory and of Maxwell's theory---the latter used as a simple model to illustrate the former--- are written in gauge covariant first order symmetric hyperbolic form with only physically natural characteristic directions and speeds for the dynamical variables. Quantities representing gauge degrees of freedom [the spatial shift vector $\beta^{i}(t,x^{j})$ and the spatial scalar potential $\phi(t,x^{j})$, respectively] are not among the dynamical variables: the gauge and the physical quantities in the evolution equations are effectively decoupled. For example, the gauge quantities could be obtained as functions of $(t,x^{j})$ from subsidiary equations that are not part of the evolution equations. Propagation of certain (``radiative'') dynamical variables along the physical light cone is gauge invariant while the remaining dynamical variables are dragged along the axes orthogonal to the spacelike time slices by the propagating variables. We obtain these results by $(1)$ taking a further time derivative of the equation of motion of the canonical momentum, and $(2)$ adding a covariant spatial derivative of the momentum constraints of general relativity (Lagrange multiplier $\beta^{i}$) or of the Gauss's law constraint of electromagnetism (Lagrange multiplier $\phi$). General relativity also requires a harmonic time slicing condition or a specific generalization of it that brings in the Hamiltonian constraint when we pass to first order symmetric form. The dynamically propagating gravity fields straightforwardly determine the ``electric'' or ``tidal'' parts of the Riemann tensor.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 May 1996 20:14:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-04-06
[ [ "Abrahams", "A.", "" ], [ "Anderson", "A.", "" ], [ "Choquet-Bruhat", "Y.", "" ], [ "York", "J. W.", "Jr" ] ]
The evolution equations of Einstein's theory and of Maxwell's theory---the latter used as a simple model to illustrate the former--- are written in gauge covariant first order symmetric hyperbolic form with only physically natural characteristic directions and speeds for the dynamical variables. Quantities representing gauge degrees of freedom [the spatial shift vector $\beta^{i}(t,x^{j})$ and the spatial scalar potential $\phi(t,x^{j})$, respectively] are not among the dynamical variables: the gauge and the physical quantities in the evolution equations are effectively decoupled. For example, the gauge quantities could be obtained as functions of $(t,x^{j})$ from subsidiary equations that are not part of the evolution equations. Propagation of certain (``radiative'') dynamical variables along the physical light cone is gauge invariant while the remaining dynamical variables are dragged along the axes orthogonal to the spacelike time slices by the propagating variables. We obtain these results by $(1)$ taking a further time derivative of the equation of motion of the canonical momentum, and $(2)$ adding a covariant spatial derivative of the momentum constraints of general relativity (Lagrange multiplier $\beta^{i}$) or of the Gauss's law constraint of electromagnetism (Lagrange multiplier $\phi$). General relativity also requires a harmonic time slicing condition or a specific generalization of it that brings in the Hamiltonian constraint when we pass to first order symmetric form. The dynamically propagating gravity fields straightforwardly determine the ``electric'' or ``tidal'' parts of the Riemann tensor.
1606.00910
Mohammad Ali Gorji
M. A. Gorji, K. Nozari, B. Vakili
Gravity's rainbow: a bridge between LQC and DSR
10 pages, 4 figures, Refs. added
Phys. Lett. B 765 (2017) 113
10.1016/j.physletb.2016.12.023
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The doubly special relativity (DSR) theories are investigated in order to take into account an observer-independent length scale in special relativity framework. It is widely believed that any quantum theory of gravity would reduce to a DSR model at the flat limit when purely gravitational and quantum mechanical effects are negligible. Gravity's rainbow is a simple generalization of DSR theories to incorporate gravity. In this paper, we show that the effective Friedmann equations that are suggested by loop quantum cosmology (LQC) can be exactly reobtained in rainbow cosmology setup. The deformed geometry of LQC then completely fixes the modified dispersion relation and results in unique DSR model. In comparison with standard LQC scenario where only the geometry is modified, both of the geometry and matter parts get modifications in our setup. In this respect, we find that the total number of microstates for the universe is finite which suggests the statistical origin for the energy and entropy density bounds. These results explicitly show that the DSR theories are appropriate candidates for the flat limit of loop quantum gravity.
[ { "created": "Thu, 2 Jun 2016 21:47:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 11 Aug 2016 11:30:53 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-12-20
[ [ "Gorji", "M. A.", "" ], [ "Nozari", "K.", "" ], [ "Vakili", "B.", "" ] ]
The doubly special relativity (DSR) theories are investigated in order to take into account an observer-independent length scale in special relativity framework. It is widely believed that any quantum theory of gravity would reduce to a DSR model at the flat limit when purely gravitational and quantum mechanical effects are negligible. Gravity's rainbow is a simple generalization of DSR theories to incorporate gravity. In this paper, we show that the effective Friedmann equations that are suggested by loop quantum cosmology (LQC) can be exactly reobtained in rainbow cosmology setup. The deformed geometry of LQC then completely fixes the modified dispersion relation and results in unique DSR model. In comparison with standard LQC scenario where only the geometry is modified, both of the geometry and matter parts get modifications in our setup. In this respect, we find that the total number of microstates for the universe is finite which suggests the statistical origin for the energy and entropy density bounds. These results explicitly show that the DSR theories are appropriate candidates for the flat limit of loop quantum gravity.
0910.5128
Yu Zhang
Wang Chun-Yan, Zhang Yu, Gui Yuan-Xing, Lu Jian-Bo
Quasinormal modes of Dirac field perturbation in Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black hole surrounded by quintessence
12pages, 11 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The dirac quasinormal modes of the Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole surrounded by quintessence are investigated using the third WKB approximation. We find that the magnitude of the imaginary part of the quasinormal mode frequencies increases firstly and then decreases as the charge $Q$ increases, but it decreases as the absolute value of $w_{q}$ increases. The magnitude of the imaginary part of quasinormal complex frequencies is smaller than those with no quintessence. That is to say, the dirac field damps more slowly due to the presence of quintessence.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Oct 2009 14:07:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 30 Oct 2009 12:18:07 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Chun-Yan", "Wang", "" ], [ "Yu", "Zhang", "" ], [ "Yuan-Xing", "Gui", "" ], [ "Jian-Bo", "Lu", "" ] ]
The dirac quasinormal modes of the Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole surrounded by quintessence are investigated using the third WKB approximation. We find that the magnitude of the imaginary part of the quasinormal mode frequencies increases firstly and then decreases as the charge $Q$ increases, but it decreases as the absolute value of $w_{q}$ increases. The magnitude of the imaginary part of quasinormal complex frequencies is smaller than those with no quintessence. That is to say, the dirac field damps more slowly due to the presence of quintessence.
gr-qc/0612006
George Sparling
George Sparling
The Xi-transform for conformally flat space-time
51 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
The Xi-transform is a new spinor transform arising naturally in Einstein's general relativity. Here the example of conformally flat space-time is discussed in detail. In particular it is shown that for this case, the transform coincides with two other naturally defined transforms: one a two-variable transform on the Lie group SU(2, C), the other a transform on the space of null split octaves. The key properties of the transform are developed.
[ { "created": "Fri, 1 Dec 2006 03:22:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Sparling", "George", "" ] ]
The Xi-transform is a new spinor transform arising naturally in Einstein's general relativity. Here the example of conformally flat space-time is discussed in detail. In particular it is shown that for this case, the transform coincides with two other naturally defined transforms: one a two-variable transform on the Lie group SU(2, C), the other a transform on the space of null split octaves. The key properties of the transform are developed.
gr-qc/0209103
Daniel Muller
D. Muller, H. V. Fagundes, R. Opher
Casimir energy in multiply connected static hyperbolic Universes
accepted for publication
Phys.Rev. D66 (2002) 083507
10.1103/PhysRevD.66.083507
null
gr-qc
null
We generalize a previously obtained result, for the case of a few other static hyperbolic universes with manifolds of nontrivial topology as spatial sections.
[ { "created": "Thu, 26 Sep 2002 21:30:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Muller", "D.", "" ], [ "Fagundes", "H. V.", "" ], [ "Opher", "R.", "" ] ]
We generalize a previously obtained result, for the case of a few other static hyperbolic universes with manifolds of nontrivial topology as spatial sections.
0906.2367
Gary T. Horowitz
Aaron J. Amsel, Gary T. Horowitz, Donald Marolf, and Matthew M. Roberts
Uniqueness of Extremal Kerr and Kerr-Newman Black Holes
12 pages, v2: important references to earlier work added, v3: minor clarifications
Phys.Rev.D81:024033,2010
10.1103/PhysRevD.81.024033
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We prove that the only four dimensional, stationary, rotating, asymptotically flat (analytic) vacuum black hole with a single degenerate horizon is given by the extremal Kerr solution. We also prove a similar uniqueness theorem for the extremal Kerr-Newman solution. This closes a longstanding gap in the black hole uniqueness theorems.
[ { "created": "Fri, 12 Jun 2009 18:07:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 30 Jun 2009 21:19:27 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 25 Nov 2009 19:42:07 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2010-04-06
[ [ "Amsel", "Aaron J.", "" ], [ "Horowitz", "Gary T.", "" ], [ "Marolf", "Donald", "" ], [ "Roberts", "Matthew M.", "" ] ]
We prove that the only four dimensional, stationary, rotating, asymptotically flat (analytic) vacuum black hole with a single degenerate horizon is given by the extremal Kerr solution. We also prove a similar uniqueness theorem for the extremal Kerr-Newman solution. This closes a longstanding gap in the black hole uniqueness theorems.
1712.03054
S\'ergio Mittmann dos Santos
S. Mittmann dos Santos, J. M. Hoff da Silva, M. E. X. Guimar\~aes, J. L. Neto
A nearly cylindrically symmetric source in the Brans-Dicke gravity as the generator of the rotational curves of the galaxies
24 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J. C
Eur. Phys. J. C 77, 848 (2017)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5397-1
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Observation shows that the velocities of stars grow by approximately 2 to 3 orders of magnitude when the distances from the centers of the galaxies are in the range of $0.5$ kpc to $82.3$ kpc, before they begin to tend to a constant value. Up to know, the reason for this behavior is still a matter for debate. In this work, we propose a model which adequately describes this unusual behavior using a (nearly) cylindrical symmetrical solution in the framework of a scalar-tensor-like (the Brans-Dicke model) theory of gravity.
[ { "created": "Fri, 8 Dec 2017 13:32:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-09-07
[ [ "Santos", "S. Mittmann dos", "" ], [ "da Silva", "J. M. Hoff", "" ], [ "Guimarães", "M. E. X.", "" ], [ "Neto", "J. L.", "" ] ]
Observation shows that the velocities of stars grow by approximately 2 to 3 orders of magnitude when the distances from the centers of the galaxies are in the range of $0.5$ kpc to $82.3$ kpc, before they begin to tend to a constant value. Up to know, the reason for this behavior is still a matter for debate. In this work, we propose a model which adequately describes this unusual behavior using a (nearly) cylindrical symmetrical solution in the framework of a scalar-tensor-like (the Brans-Dicke model) theory of gravity.
0906.5219
Boris Kosyakov
Andrew E. Chubykalo, Augusto Espinoza, B. P. Kosyakov
Inertial frames of reference, space and time measurements, and physical principles of special relativity revisited
LaTeX, 17 pages, 2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We give a critical analysis of the conceptual foundations of special relativity. We formulate a simple operational criterion for distinguishing between noninertial and inertial frames which is introduced prior to geometry. We associate the concept of maximal velocity with the existence of an upper bound for a set of rates of movers which travel in the same direction. We define the standard scale for reading the time flow. We refine the treatment of both Einstein's postulates, the principle of relativity and constancy of the velocity of light. The proposed ``reconstruction'' of the geometry of Minkowski space will hopefully be useful for the ongoing examination of possible Lorentz violations.
[ { "created": "Mon, 29 Jun 2009 08:22:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-06-30
[ [ "Chubykalo", "Andrew E.", "" ], [ "Espinoza", "Augusto", "" ], [ "Kosyakov", "B. P.", "" ] ]
We give a critical analysis of the conceptual foundations of special relativity. We formulate a simple operational criterion for distinguishing between noninertial and inertial frames which is introduced prior to geometry. We associate the concept of maximal velocity with the existence of an upper bound for a set of rates of movers which travel in the same direction. We define the standard scale for reading the time flow. We refine the treatment of both Einstein's postulates, the principle of relativity and constancy of the velocity of light. The proposed ``reconstruction'' of the geometry of Minkowski space will hopefully be useful for the ongoing examination of possible Lorentz violations.
1301.6650
Ion I. Cotaescu
Ion I. Cotaescu
How to kill the Unruh effect
13 pages no figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
How to kill the Unruh effect? Very simple, by requiring the Rindler transformation to behave continuously for vanishing acceleration. Then the Unruh effect disappears as we show in the case of the massive scalar quantum field. The main point is that the continuity condition restricts the integral of the mode expansion to the positive energy spectrum, suppressing thus the $\beta$ - terms of the Bogoliubov transformation.
[ { "created": "Mon, 28 Jan 2013 19:24:21 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 30 Jan 2013 07:30:34 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 31 Jan 2013 16:32:02 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 6 Feb 2013 14:50:58 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2013-02-07
[ [ "Cotaescu", "Ion I.", "" ] ]
How to kill the Unruh effect? Very simple, by requiring the Rindler transformation to behave continuously for vanishing acceleration. Then the Unruh effect disappears as we show in the case of the massive scalar quantum field. The main point is that the continuity condition restricts the integral of the mode expansion to the positive energy spectrum, suppressing thus the $\beta$ - terms of the Bogoliubov transformation.
gr-qc/0307006
Peter Dimitris Rippis
Oyvind Gron, Peter D. Rippis
Singular shell embedded into a cosmological model
25 pages, 2 figures
Gen.Rel.Grav.35:2189-2215,2003
10.1023/A:1027353707603
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We generalize Israel's formalism to cover singular shells embedded in a non-vacuum Universe. That is, we deduce the relativistic equation of motion for a thin shell embedded in a Schwarzschild/Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker spacetime. Also, we review the embedding of a Schwarzschild mass into a cosmological model using "curvature" coordinates and give solutions with (Sch/FLRW) and without the embedded mass (FLRW).
[ { "created": "Tue, 1 Jul 2003 15:40:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 4 Jul 2003 15:10:31 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 7 Nov 2003 10:36:16 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2011-07-19
[ [ "Gron", "Oyvind", "" ], [ "Rippis", "Peter D.", "" ] ]
We generalize Israel's formalism to cover singular shells embedded in a non-vacuum Universe. That is, we deduce the relativistic equation of motion for a thin shell embedded in a Schwarzschild/Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker spacetime. Also, we review the embedding of a Schwarzschild mass into a cosmological model using "curvature" coordinates and give solutions with (Sch/FLRW) and without the embedded mass (FLRW).
0711.1048
Piotr Jaranowski
Thibault Damour, Piotr Jaranowski, Gerhard Sch\"afer
Hamiltonian of two spinning compact bodies with next-to-leading order gravitational spin-orbit coupling
Few minor corrections made, 2 references added, some misprints removed
Phys.Rev.D77:064032,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.77.064032
null
gr-qc
null
A Hamiltonian formulation is given for the gravitational dynamics of two spinning compact bodies to next-to-leading order ($G/c^4$ and $G^2/c^4$) in the spin-orbit interaction. We use a novel approach (valid to linear order in the spins), which starts from the second-post-Newtonian metric (in ADM coordinates) generated by two spinless bodies, and computes the next-to-leading order precession, in this metric, of suitably redefined ``constant-magnitude'' 3-dimensional spin vectors ${\bf S}_1$, ${\bf S}_2$. We prove the Poincar\'e invariance of our Hamiltonian by explicitly constructing ten phase-space generators realizing the Poincar\'e algebra. A remarkable feature of our approach is that it allows one to derive the {\it orbital} equations of motion of spinning binaries to next-to-leading order in spin-orbit coupling without having to solve Einstein's field equations with a spin-dependent stress tensor. We show that our Hamiltonian (orbital and spin) dynamics is equivalent to the dynamics recently obtained by Faye, Blanchet, and Buonanno, by solving Einstein's equations in harmonic coordinates.
[ { "created": "Wed, 7 Nov 2007 10:01:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 16 Apr 2008 15:37:45 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Damour", "Thibault", "" ], [ "Jaranowski", "Piotr", "" ], [ "Schäfer", "Gerhard", "" ] ]
A Hamiltonian formulation is given for the gravitational dynamics of two spinning compact bodies to next-to-leading order ($G/c^4$ and $G^2/c^4$) in the spin-orbit interaction. We use a novel approach (valid to linear order in the spins), which starts from the second-post-Newtonian metric (in ADM coordinates) generated by two spinless bodies, and computes the next-to-leading order precession, in this metric, of suitably redefined ``constant-magnitude'' 3-dimensional spin vectors ${\bf S}_1$, ${\bf S}_2$. We prove the Poincar\'e invariance of our Hamiltonian by explicitly constructing ten phase-space generators realizing the Poincar\'e algebra. A remarkable feature of our approach is that it allows one to derive the {\it orbital} equations of motion of spinning binaries to next-to-leading order in spin-orbit coupling without having to solve Einstein's field equations with a spin-dependent stress tensor. We show that our Hamiltonian (orbital and spin) dynamics is equivalent to the dynamics recently obtained by Faye, Blanchet, and Buonanno, by solving Einstein's equations in harmonic coordinates.
0806.4459
Francisco Lobo
Jos\'e P. S. Lemos, Francisco S. N. Lobo
Plane symmetric thin-shell wormholes: solutions and stability
10 pages, 4 figures. V2: typo corrections and minor modifications
Phys.Rev.D78:044030,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.78.044030
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Using the cut-and-paste procedure, we construct static and dynamic plane symmetric wormholes by surgically grafting together two spacetimes of plane symmetric vacuum solutions with a negative cosmological constant. These plane symmetric wormholes may be viewed as domain walls connecting different universes, having planar topology, and upon compactification of one or two coordinates, cylindrical topology or toroidal topology, respectively. A stability analysis is carried out for the dynamic case by taking into account specific equations of state, and a linearized stability analysis around static solutions is also explored. It is found that thin shell wormholes made of a dark energy fluid or of a cosmological constant fluid are stable, while thin shell wormholes made of phantom energy are unstable.
[ { "created": "Fri, 27 Jun 2008 08:45:51 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 13 Aug 2008 17:13:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Lemos", "José P. S.", "" ], [ "Lobo", "Francisco S. N.", "" ] ]
Using the cut-and-paste procedure, we construct static and dynamic plane symmetric wormholes by surgically grafting together two spacetimes of plane symmetric vacuum solutions with a negative cosmological constant. These plane symmetric wormholes may be viewed as domain walls connecting different universes, having planar topology, and upon compactification of one or two coordinates, cylindrical topology or toroidal topology, respectively. A stability analysis is carried out for the dynamic case by taking into account specific equations of state, and a linearized stability analysis around static solutions is also explored. It is found that thin shell wormholes made of a dark energy fluid or of a cosmological constant fluid are stable, while thin shell wormholes made of phantom energy are unstable.
1302.6075
Cosimo Bambi
Cosimo Bambi, Leonardo Modesto
Rotating regular black holes
8 pages, 3 figures. v2: refereed version
Phys.Lett.B721:329-334,2013
10.1016/j.physletb.2013.03.025
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The formation of spacetime singularities is a quite common phenomenon in General Relativity and it is regulated by specific theorems. It is widely believed that spacetime singularities do not exist in Nature, but that they represent a limitation of the classical theory. While we do not yet have any solid theory of quantum gravity, toy models of black hole solutions without singularities have been proposed. So far, there are only non-rotating regular black holes in the literature. These metrics can be hardly tested by astrophysical observations, as the black hole spin plays a fundamental role in any astrophysical process. In this letter, we apply the Newman-Janis algorithm to the Hayward and to the Bardeen black hole metrics. In both cases, we obtain a family of rotating solutions. Every solution corresponds to a different matter configuration. Each family has one solution with special properties, which can be written in Kerr-like form in Boyer-Lindquist coordinates. These special solutions are of Petrov type D, they are singularity free, but they violate the weak energy condition for a non-vanishing spin and their curvature invariants have different values at $r=0$ depending on the way one approaches the origin. We propose a natural prescription to have rotating solutions with a minimal violation of the weak energy condition and without the questionable property of the curvature invariants at the origin.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Feb 2013 12:29:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 26 Mar 2013 14:31:07 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-04-08
[ [ "Bambi", "Cosimo", "" ], [ "Modesto", "Leonardo", "" ] ]
The formation of spacetime singularities is a quite common phenomenon in General Relativity and it is regulated by specific theorems. It is widely believed that spacetime singularities do not exist in Nature, but that they represent a limitation of the classical theory. While we do not yet have any solid theory of quantum gravity, toy models of black hole solutions without singularities have been proposed. So far, there are only non-rotating regular black holes in the literature. These metrics can be hardly tested by astrophysical observations, as the black hole spin plays a fundamental role in any astrophysical process. In this letter, we apply the Newman-Janis algorithm to the Hayward and to the Bardeen black hole metrics. In both cases, we obtain a family of rotating solutions. Every solution corresponds to a different matter configuration. Each family has one solution with special properties, which can be written in Kerr-like form in Boyer-Lindquist coordinates. These special solutions are of Petrov type D, they are singularity free, but they violate the weak energy condition for a non-vanishing spin and their curvature invariants have different values at $r=0$ depending on the way one approaches the origin. We propose a natural prescription to have rotating solutions with a minimal violation of the weak energy condition and without the questionable property of the curvature invariants at the origin.
2112.00938
Krishnakanta Bhattacharya
Krishnakanta Bhattacharya
Extended phase space thermodynamics of black holes: A study in Einstein's gravity and beyond
Modified version, To appear in NPB
Nuclear Physics B 989 (2023) 116130
10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2023.116130
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the extended phase space approach, one can define thermodynamic pressure and volume that gives rise to the van der Waals type phase transition for black holes. For Einstein's GR, the expressions of these quantities are unanimously accepted. Of late, the van der Waals phase transition in black holes has been found in modified theories of gravity as well, such as the $f(R)$ gravity and the scalar-tensor gravity. However, in the case of these modified theories of gravity, the expression of pressure (and, hence, volume) is not uniquely determined. In addition, for these modified theories, the extended phase space thermodynamics has not been studied extensively, especially in a covariant way. Since both the scalar-tensor and the $f(R)$ gravity can be discussed in the two conformally connected frames (the Jordan and the Einstein frame respectively), the arbitrariness in the expression of pressure, will act upon the equivalence of the thermodynamic parameters in the two frames. We highlight these issues in the paper. Before that, in Einstein's gravity (GR), we obtain a general expression of the equilibrium state version of first law and the Smarr-like formula from the Einstein's equation for a general static and spherically symmetric (SSS) metric. Here we directly obtain the first law as well as the Smarr-like formula in GR in terms of the parameters present in the metric (such as mass, charge \textit{etc.}). This study also shows how the extended phase space is formulated (by considering the cosmological constant as variable) and, also shows why the cosmological constant plays the role of thermodynamic pressure in GR in extended phase space. Moreover, obtaining the Smarr formula from the Einstein's equation for the SSS metric suggests that this dynamical equation encodes more information on BH thermodynamics than what has been anticipated before.
[ { "created": "Thu, 2 Dec 2021 02:24:28 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 20 Feb 2023 10:38:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-03-01
[ [ "Bhattacharya", "Krishnakanta", "" ] ]
In the extended phase space approach, one can define thermodynamic pressure and volume that gives rise to the van der Waals type phase transition for black holes. For Einstein's GR, the expressions of these quantities are unanimously accepted. Of late, the van der Waals phase transition in black holes has been found in modified theories of gravity as well, such as the $f(R)$ gravity and the scalar-tensor gravity. However, in the case of these modified theories of gravity, the expression of pressure (and, hence, volume) is not uniquely determined. In addition, for these modified theories, the extended phase space thermodynamics has not been studied extensively, especially in a covariant way. Since both the scalar-tensor and the $f(R)$ gravity can be discussed in the two conformally connected frames (the Jordan and the Einstein frame respectively), the arbitrariness in the expression of pressure, will act upon the equivalence of the thermodynamic parameters in the two frames. We highlight these issues in the paper. Before that, in Einstein's gravity (GR), we obtain a general expression of the equilibrium state version of first law and the Smarr-like formula from the Einstein's equation for a general static and spherically symmetric (SSS) metric. Here we directly obtain the first law as well as the Smarr-like formula in GR in terms of the parameters present in the metric (such as mass, charge \textit{etc.}). This study also shows how the extended phase space is formulated (by considering the cosmological constant as variable) and, also shows why the cosmological constant plays the role of thermodynamic pressure in GR in extended phase space. Moreover, obtaining the Smarr formula from the Einstein's equation for the SSS metric suggests that this dynamical equation encodes more information on BH thermodynamics than what has been anticipated before.
2004.09598
Robie Hennigar
Connor Adair, Pablo Bueno, Pablo A. Cano, Robie A. Hennigar, Robert B. Mann
Slowly rotating black holes in Einsteinian cubic gravity
39 pages, 14 figures
Phys. Rev. D 102, 084001 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.084001
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We construct slowly rotating black-hole solutions of Einsteinian cubic gravity (ECG) in four dimensions with flat and AdS asymptotes. At leading order in the rotation parameter, the only modification with respect to the static case is the appearance of a non-vanishing $g_{t\phi}$ component. Similarly to the static case, the order of the equation determining such component can be reduced twice, giving rise to a second-order differential equation which can be easily solved numerically as a function of the ECG coupling. We study how various physical properties of the solutions are modified with respect to the Einstein gravity case, including its angular velocity, photon sphere, photon rings, shadow, and innermost stable circular orbits (in the case of timelike geodesics).
[ { "created": "Mon, 20 Apr 2020 19:45:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-10-07
[ [ "Adair", "Connor", "" ], [ "Bueno", "Pablo", "" ], [ "Cano", "Pablo A.", "" ], [ "Hennigar", "Robie A.", "" ], [ "Mann", "Robert B.", "" ] ]
We construct slowly rotating black-hole solutions of Einsteinian cubic gravity (ECG) in four dimensions with flat and AdS asymptotes. At leading order in the rotation parameter, the only modification with respect to the static case is the appearance of a non-vanishing $g_{t\phi}$ component. Similarly to the static case, the order of the equation determining such component can be reduced twice, giving rise to a second-order differential equation which can be easily solved numerically as a function of the ECG coupling. We study how various physical properties of the solutions are modified with respect to the Einstein gravity case, including its angular velocity, photon sphere, photon rings, shadow, and innermost stable circular orbits (in the case of timelike geodesics).
2112.02835
Motohiko Yoshimura
M. Yoshimura
Bifurcated symmetry breaking in scalar-tensor gravity
14 pages and 3 figures
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.083522
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We present models that simultaneously predict presence of dark energy and cold dark matter along with slow-roll inflation. The dark energy density is found to be of order $({\rm a \;few \;meV})^4$, and the mass of dark matter constituent is $\approx 1\,$ meV. These numbers are given in terms of the present value of Hubble constant $H_0$ and the Plank energy $1/\sqrt{16 \pi G_N}$: they are $(H_0 M_{\rm P})^2$ for the energy density and $(H_0 M_{\rm P})^{1/2}$ for the dark matter constituent mass. The basic framework is a multi-scalar tensor gravity with non-trivial conformal coupling to the Ricci scalar curvature in the lagrangian density. The key for a right amount of dark energy is to incorporate in a novel way the spatially homogeneous kinetic contribution of Nambu-Goldstone modes in a spontaneously broken multi-scalar field sector. Proposed theories are made consistent with general relativity tests at small cosmological distances, yet are different from general relativity at cosmological scales. Dark matter is generated as spatially inhomogeneous component of the scalar system, with roughly comparable amount to the dark energy. In some presented models a cosmological bifurcation of symmetry breaking of scalar sector is triggered by the spontaneous breaking of electroweak SU(2) $\times $ U(1) gauge symmetry, hence the separation occurring simultaneously at the electroweak phase transition. The best experimental method to test presented models is to search for the fifth-force type of scalar exchange interaction with a force range, $O(10^{-2})$ cm, whose coupling to matter is basically of gravitational strength.
[ { "created": "Mon, 6 Dec 2021 07:47:31 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 15 Dec 2021 09:02:49 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-05-04
[ [ "Yoshimura", "M.", "" ] ]
We present models that simultaneously predict presence of dark energy and cold dark matter along with slow-roll inflation. The dark energy density is found to be of order $({\rm a \;few \;meV})^4$, and the mass of dark matter constituent is $\approx 1\,$ meV. These numbers are given in terms of the present value of Hubble constant $H_0$ and the Plank energy $1/\sqrt{16 \pi G_N}$: they are $(H_0 M_{\rm P})^2$ for the energy density and $(H_0 M_{\rm P})^{1/2}$ for the dark matter constituent mass. The basic framework is a multi-scalar tensor gravity with non-trivial conformal coupling to the Ricci scalar curvature in the lagrangian density. The key for a right amount of dark energy is to incorporate in a novel way the spatially homogeneous kinetic contribution of Nambu-Goldstone modes in a spontaneously broken multi-scalar field sector. Proposed theories are made consistent with general relativity tests at small cosmological distances, yet are different from general relativity at cosmological scales. Dark matter is generated as spatially inhomogeneous component of the scalar system, with roughly comparable amount to the dark energy. In some presented models a cosmological bifurcation of symmetry breaking of scalar sector is triggered by the spontaneous breaking of electroweak SU(2) $\times $ U(1) gauge symmetry, hence the separation occurring simultaneously at the electroweak phase transition. The best experimental method to test presented models is to search for the fifth-force type of scalar exchange interaction with a force range, $O(10^{-2})$ cm, whose coupling to matter is basically of gravitational strength.
2009.06113
Vasilis Oikonomou
S.D. Odintsov, V.K. Oikonomou, F.P. Fronimos, S.A. Venikoudis
GW170817-compatible Constant-roll Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Inflation and Non-Gaussianities
PDU Accepted
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we investigate the inflationary phenomenology of an Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory compatible with the GW170817 event, by imposing the constant-roll evolution on the scalar field. We develop the constant-roll GW170817-compatible Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet formalism, and we calculate the slow-roll indices and the observational indices of inflation, for several models of interest. As we demonstrate, the phenomenological viability of the models we study is achieved for a wide range of the free parameters. In addition, for the same values of the free parameters that guarantee the inflationary phenomenological viability of the models, we also make predictions for the non-Gaussianities of the models, since the constant-roll evolution is known to enhance non-Gaussianities. As we show the non-Gaussianities are of the same order for the slow-roll and constant-roll case, and in fact in some cases, the amount of the non-Gaussianities is smaller in the constant-roll case.
[ { "created": "Sun, 13 Sep 2020 23:29:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-09-15
[ [ "Odintsov", "S. D.", "" ], [ "Oikonomou", "V. K.", "" ], [ "Fronimos", "F. P.", "" ], [ "Venikoudis", "S. A.", "" ] ]
In this paper we investigate the inflationary phenomenology of an Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory compatible with the GW170817 event, by imposing the constant-roll evolution on the scalar field. We develop the constant-roll GW170817-compatible Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet formalism, and we calculate the slow-roll indices and the observational indices of inflation, for several models of interest. As we demonstrate, the phenomenological viability of the models we study is achieved for a wide range of the free parameters. In addition, for the same values of the free parameters that guarantee the inflationary phenomenological viability of the models, we also make predictions for the non-Gaussianities of the models, since the constant-roll evolution is known to enhance non-Gaussianities. As we show the non-Gaussianities are of the same order for the slow-roll and constant-roll case, and in fact in some cases, the amount of the non-Gaussianities is smaller in the constant-roll case.
2009.03866
Vesselin G. Gueorguiev
Vesselin G. Gueorguiev and Andre Maeder
Revisiting the Cosmological Constant Problem within Quantum Cosmology
16 pages, no figures
Universe 2020, Volume 6, Issue 8, Article 108
10.3390/universe6080108
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A new perspective on the Cosmological Constant Problem (CCP) is proposed and discussed within the multiverse approach of Quantum Cosmology. It is assumed that each member of the ensemble of universes has a characteristic scale $a$ that can be used as integration variable in the partition function. An averaged characteristic scale of the ensemble is estimated by using only members that satisfy the Einstein field equations. The averaged characteristic scale is compatible with the Planck length when considering an ensemble of solutions to the Einstein field equations with an effective cosmological constant. The multiverse ensemble is split in Planck-seed universes with vacuum energy density of order one; thus, $ \tilde{\Lambda}\approx 8\pi$ in Planck units and $a$-derivable universes. For~$a$-derivable universe with a characteristic scale of the order of the observed Universe $a\approx 8\times10^{60}$, the cosmological constant $\Lambda=\tilde{\Lambda}/a^{2}$ is in the range $10^{-121}$--$10^{-122}$, which is close in magnitude to the observed value $10^{-123}$. We point out that the smallness of $\Lambda$ can be viewed to be natural if its value is associated with the entropy of the Universe. This approach to the CCP reconciles the Planck-scale huge vacuum energy--density predicted by QFT considerations, as valid for Planck-seed universes, with the observed small value of the cosmological constant as relevant to an $a$-derivable universe as~observed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 8 Sep 2020 17:06:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-09-09
[ [ "Gueorguiev", "Vesselin G.", "" ], [ "Maeder", "Andre", "" ] ]
A new perspective on the Cosmological Constant Problem (CCP) is proposed and discussed within the multiverse approach of Quantum Cosmology. It is assumed that each member of the ensemble of universes has a characteristic scale $a$ that can be used as integration variable in the partition function. An averaged characteristic scale of the ensemble is estimated by using only members that satisfy the Einstein field equations. The averaged characteristic scale is compatible with the Planck length when considering an ensemble of solutions to the Einstein field equations with an effective cosmological constant. The multiverse ensemble is split in Planck-seed universes with vacuum energy density of order one; thus, $ \tilde{\Lambda}\approx 8\pi$ in Planck units and $a$-derivable universes. For~$a$-derivable universe with a characteristic scale of the order of the observed Universe $a\approx 8\times10^{60}$, the cosmological constant $\Lambda=\tilde{\Lambda}/a^{2}$ is in the range $10^{-121}$--$10^{-122}$, which is close in magnitude to the observed value $10^{-123}$. We point out that the smallness of $\Lambda$ can be viewed to be natural if its value is associated with the entropy of the Universe. This approach to the CCP reconciles the Planck-scale huge vacuum energy--density predicted by QFT considerations, as valid for Planck-seed universes, with the observed small value of the cosmological constant as relevant to an $a$-derivable universe as~observed.
2312.13858
Alexey Golovnev
Alexey Golovnev
Geometry of teleparallel theories
8 pages; a remark added; prepared for proceedings of the International Conference on Particle Physics and Cosmology dedicated to memory of Valery Rubakov, Yerevan, Armenia, October 2023
Proceedings of Science, PoS ICPPCRubakov2023 (2024) 031
10.22323/1.455.0031
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
I give a brief introduction to and explain the geometry of teleparallel models of modified gravity. In particular I explain why, in my opinion, the covariantised approaches are not needed and the Weitzenb\"ock connection is the most natural representation of the parallel transport structure. An interesting point is that it also applies to the symmetric teleparallel case. I also share my thoughts on why the teleparallel framework does not seem to be a next rung in the ladder of understanding the real worlds' gravity. At the same time, these theories do have a clear and justified academic interest to them.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Dec 2023 13:53:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 25 Dec 2023 19:16:36 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 17 Jan 2024 11:06:15 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2024-06-12
[ [ "Golovnev", "Alexey", "" ] ]
I give a brief introduction to and explain the geometry of teleparallel models of modified gravity. In particular I explain why, in my opinion, the covariantised approaches are not needed and the Weitzenb\"ock connection is the most natural representation of the parallel transport structure. An interesting point is that it also applies to the symmetric teleparallel case. I also share my thoughts on why the teleparallel framework does not seem to be a next rung in the ladder of understanding the real worlds' gravity. At the same time, these theories do have a clear and justified academic interest to them.
2211.12188
Zhao Li
Zhao Li, Jin Qiao, Tan Liu, Tao Zhu, Wen Zhao
Gravitational Waveform and Polarization from Binary Black Hole Inspiral in Dynamical Chern-Simons Gravity: From Generation to Propagation
30 pages
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1475-7516/2023/04/006
10.1088/1475-7516/2023/04/006
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We calculate the gravitational waveform radiated from spinning black holes (BHs) binary in dynamical Chern-Simons (dCS) gravity. The equation of motion (EOM) of the spinining binary BHs is derived based on the modified Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon equation for the spin-aligned circular orbits. The leading-order effects induced by the dCS theory contains spin-spin interaction and monopole-quadrupole interaction, which influence both the EOM of the binary system and corresponding gravitational waveform at the second post-Newtonian (PN) order (i.e., 2PN order). After reporting the waveforms, we investigate the polarization modes of gravitational waves (GWs) in dCS theory. None of the extra modes appears in this theory up to the considered PN order. Moreover, since the time scale of the binary merger is much smaller than that of the cosmological expansion, the parity-violating effect of the dCS theory does not appear in the process of GW generation. However, during the process of GW propagation, amplitude birefringence, a typical parity-violating effect, makes plus and cross modes convert to each other, which modifies the gravitational waveform at 1.5PN order.
[ { "created": "Tue, 22 Nov 2022 11:28:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 6 Apr 2023 06:50:12 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-04-07
[ [ "Li", "Zhao", "" ], [ "Qiao", "Jin", "" ], [ "Liu", "Tan", "" ], [ "Zhu", "Tao", "" ], [ "Zhao", "Wen", "" ] ]
We calculate the gravitational waveform radiated from spinning black holes (BHs) binary in dynamical Chern-Simons (dCS) gravity. The equation of motion (EOM) of the spinining binary BHs is derived based on the modified Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon equation for the spin-aligned circular orbits. The leading-order effects induced by the dCS theory contains spin-spin interaction and monopole-quadrupole interaction, which influence both the EOM of the binary system and corresponding gravitational waveform at the second post-Newtonian (PN) order (i.e., 2PN order). After reporting the waveforms, we investigate the polarization modes of gravitational waves (GWs) in dCS theory. None of the extra modes appears in this theory up to the considered PN order. Moreover, since the time scale of the binary merger is much smaller than that of the cosmological expansion, the parity-violating effect of the dCS theory does not appear in the process of GW generation. However, during the process of GW propagation, amplitude birefringence, a typical parity-violating effect, makes plus and cross modes convert to each other, which modifies the gravitational waveform at 1.5PN order.
1710.01172
Orfeu Bertolami
P. Leal, A. E. Bernardini, O. Bertolami
Collapsing Shells and Black Holes: a quantum analysis
26 pages, 5 figs
null
10.1088/1361-6382/aac083
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The quantization of a spherically symmetric null shells is performed and extended to the framework of phase-space noncommutative (NC) quantum mechanics. The encountered properties are investigated making use of the Israel junction conditions on the shell, considering that it is the boundary between two spherically symmetric spacetimes. Using this method, and considering two different Kantowski-Sachs spacetimes as a representation for the Schwarzschild spacetime, the relevant quantities on the shell are computed, such as its stress-energy tensor and the action for the whole spacetime. From the obtained action, the Wheeler-deWitt equation is deduced in order to provide the quantum framework for the system. Solutions for the wavefunction of the system are found on both the commutative and NC scenarios. It is shown that, on the commutative version, the wave function has a purely oscillatory behavior in the interior of the shell. In the NC setting, it is shown that the wavefunction vanishes at the singularity, as well as, at the event horizon of the black hole.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 Oct 2017 14:05:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-06-13
[ [ "Leal", "P.", "" ], [ "Bernardini", "A. E.", "" ], [ "Bertolami", "O.", "" ] ]
The quantization of a spherically symmetric null shells is performed and extended to the framework of phase-space noncommutative (NC) quantum mechanics. The encountered properties are investigated making use of the Israel junction conditions on the shell, considering that it is the boundary between two spherically symmetric spacetimes. Using this method, and considering two different Kantowski-Sachs spacetimes as a representation for the Schwarzschild spacetime, the relevant quantities on the shell are computed, such as its stress-energy tensor and the action for the whole spacetime. From the obtained action, the Wheeler-deWitt equation is deduced in order to provide the quantum framework for the system. Solutions for the wavefunction of the system are found on both the commutative and NC scenarios. It is shown that, on the commutative version, the wave function has a purely oscillatory behavior in the interior of the shell. In the NC setting, it is shown that the wavefunction vanishes at the singularity, as well as, at the event horizon of the black hole.
1706.06519
Puttarak Jai-akson
Puttarak Jai-akson, Auttakit Chatrabhuti, Oleg Evnin, Luis Lehner
Black hole merger estimates in Einstein-Maxwell and Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity
23 pages, 23 figures, v2: minor improvements, accepted to PRD
Phys. Rev. D 96, 044031 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.96.044031
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The recent birth of gravitational wave astronomy invites a new generation of precision tests of general relativity. Signatures of black hole (BH) mergers must be systematically explored in a wide spectrum of modified gravity theories. Here, we turn to one such theory in which the initial value problem for BH mergers is well posed, the Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton system. We present conservative estimates for the merger parameters (final spins, quasinormal modes) based on techniques that have worked well for ordinary gravity mergers and utilize information extracted from test particle motion in the final BH metric. The computation is developed in parallel for the modified gravity BHs (we specifically focus on the Kaluza-Klein value of the dilaton coupling, for which analytic BH solutions are known) and ordinary Kerr-Newman BHs. We comment on the possibility of obtaining final BHs with spins consistent with current observations.
[ { "created": "Tue, 20 Jun 2017 15:29:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 17 Aug 2017 15:43:12 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-09-01
[ [ "Jai-akson", "Puttarak", "" ], [ "Chatrabhuti", "Auttakit", "" ], [ "Evnin", "Oleg", "" ], [ "Lehner", "Luis", "" ] ]
The recent birth of gravitational wave astronomy invites a new generation of precision tests of general relativity. Signatures of black hole (BH) mergers must be systematically explored in a wide spectrum of modified gravity theories. Here, we turn to one such theory in which the initial value problem for BH mergers is well posed, the Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton system. We present conservative estimates for the merger parameters (final spins, quasinormal modes) based on techniques that have worked well for ordinary gravity mergers and utilize information extracted from test particle motion in the final BH metric. The computation is developed in parallel for the modified gravity BHs (we specifically focus on the Kaluza-Klein value of the dilaton coupling, for which analytic BH solutions are known) and ordinary Kerr-Newman BHs. We comment on the possibility of obtaining final BHs with spins consistent with current observations.
gr-qc/9506032
Kouji Nakamura
K.Nakamura, Y.Oshiro and A.Tomimatsu
Quantum Formation of Black Hole and Wormhole in Gravitational Collapse of a Dust Shell
10 pages in twocolumn, 8 figures, RevTeX 3.0
Phys.Rev.D53:4356-4365,1996
10.1103/PhysRevD.53.4356
null
gr-qc
null
Quantum-mechanical model of self-gravitating dust shell is considered. To clarify the relation between classical and quantum spacetime which the shell collapse form, we consider various time slicing on which quantum mechanics is developed. By considering the static time slicing which corresponds to an observer at a constant circumference radius, we obtain the wave functions of the shell motion and the discrete mass spectra which specify the global structures of spherically symmetric spacetime formed by the shell collapse. It is found that wormhole states are forbidden when the rest mass is comparable with Plank mass scale due to the zero-point quantum fluctuations.
[ { "created": "Sat, 17 Jun 1995 09:11:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-09-09
[ [ "Nakamura", "K.", "" ], [ "Oshiro", "Y.", "" ], [ "Tomimatsu", "A.", "" ] ]
Quantum-mechanical model of self-gravitating dust shell is considered. To clarify the relation between classical and quantum spacetime which the shell collapse form, we consider various time slicing on which quantum mechanics is developed. By considering the static time slicing which corresponds to an observer at a constant circumference radius, we obtain the wave functions of the shell motion and the discrete mass spectra which specify the global structures of spherically symmetric spacetime formed by the shell collapse. It is found that wormhole states are forbidden when the rest mass is comparable with Plank mass scale due to the zero-point quantum fluctuations.
0704.3140
Farook Rahaman
Farook Rahaman
Non static cosmic strings in Lyra geometry
8 pages, Published in Nuovo Cim.118B:99-105,2003
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
The gravitational field of both local and global non static cosmic strings in the context of Lyra geometry are investigated. Local strings are characterized by having an energy momentum tensor whose only non null components are $T_{tt} = T_{zz}$ . As linearized Einstein equations are formally analogous to the Maxwell equations, the exterior solution does not depend on the radial distribution of the source and hence a Dirac d function was used to approximate the radial distribution of the energy momentum tensor for a local cosmic string along the z-axis: $T_{ab} = \delta(x) \delta(y)diag (\sigma, 0, 0, \sigma) $, $\sigma $being the energy density of the string [A.Vilenkin. Phys.Rep.(1985)121,263]. For a global string, the energy momentum tensor components are calculated from the action density for a complex scalar field y along with a Maxican hat potential. The gravitational field of the global string is shown to be attractive in nature.
[ { "created": "Tue, 24 Apr 2007 08:09:22 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Rahaman", "Farook", "" ] ]
The gravitational field of both local and global non static cosmic strings in the context of Lyra geometry are investigated. Local strings are characterized by having an energy momentum tensor whose only non null components are $T_{tt} = T_{zz}$ . As linearized Einstein equations are formally analogous to the Maxwell equations, the exterior solution does not depend on the radial distribution of the source and hence a Dirac d function was used to approximate the radial distribution of the energy momentum tensor for a local cosmic string along the z-axis: $T_{ab} = \delta(x) \delta(y)diag (\sigma, 0, 0, \sigma) $, $\sigma $being the energy density of the string [A.Vilenkin. Phys.Rep.(1985)121,263]. For a global string, the energy momentum tensor components are calculated from the action density for a complex scalar field y along with a Maxican hat potential. The gravitational field of the global string is shown to be attractive in nature.
gr-qc/0303006
Mu-Lin Yan
Hua Bai, Mu-Lin Yan
Remarks on 't Hooft's Brick Wall Model
RevTeX, 5 pages, no figures
JHEP0307:058,2003
10.1088/1126-6708/2003/07/058
USTC-ICTS-03-6
gr-qc hep-th
null
A semi-classical reasoning leads to the non-commutativity of the space and time coordinates near the horizon of Schwarzschild black hole. This non-commutativity in turn provides a mechanism to interpret the brick wall thickness hypothesis in 't Hooft's brick wall model as well as the boundary condition imposed for the field considered. For concreteness, we consider a noncommutative scalar field model near the horizon and derive the effective metric via the equation of motion of noncommutative scalar field. This metric displays a new horizon in addition to the original one associated with the Schwarzschild black hole. The infinite red-shifting of the scalar field on the new horizon determines the range of the noncommutativ space and explains the relevant boundary condition for the field. This range enables us to calculate the entropy of black hole as proportional to the area of its original horizon along the same line as in 't Hooft's model, and the thickness of the brick wall is found to be proportional to the thermal average of the noncommutative space-time range. The Hawking temperature has been derived in this formalism. The study here represents an attempt to reveal some physics beyond the brick wall model.
[ { "created": "Mon, 3 Mar 2003 02:51:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 2 Apr 2003 02:53:22 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 25 Jul 2003 02:42:15 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Bai", "Hua", "" ], [ "Yan", "Mu-Lin", "" ] ]
A semi-classical reasoning leads to the non-commutativity of the space and time coordinates near the horizon of Schwarzschild black hole. This non-commutativity in turn provides a mechanism to interpret the brick wall thickness hypothesis in 't Hooft's brick wall model as well as the boundary condition imposed for the field considered. For concreteness, we consider a noncommutative scalar field model near the horizon and derive the effective metric via the equation of motion of noncommutative scalar field. This metric displays a new horizon in addition to the original one associated with the Schwarzschild black hole. The infinite red-shifting of the scalar field on the new horizon determines the range of the noncommutativ space and explains the relevant boundary condition for the field. This range enables us to calculate the entropy of black hole as proportional to the area of its original horizon along the same line as in 't Hooft's model, and the thickness of the brick wall is found to be proportional to the thermal average of the noncommutative space-time range. The Hawking temperature has been derived in this formalism. The study here represents an attempt to reveal some physics beyond the brick wall model.
1512.07109
Kirill Krasnov
Joel Fine, Yannick Herfray, Kirill Krasnov and Carlos Scarinci
Asymptotically hyperbolic connections
25 pages, no figures
Classical and Quantum Gravity 33 (2016), no 18, 25pp
10.1088/0264-9381/33/18/185011
null
gr-qc hep-th math.DG
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
General Relativity in 4 dimensions can be equivalently described as a dynamical theory of SO(3)-connections rather than metrics. We introduce the notion of asymptotically hyperbolic connections, and work out an analog of the Fefferman-Graham expansion in the language of connections. As in the metric setup, one can solve the arising "evolution" equations order by order in the expansion in powers of the radial coordinate. The solution in the connection setting is arguably simpler, and very straightforward algebraic manipulations allow one to see how the obstruction appears at third order in the expansion. Another interesting feature of the connection formulation is that the "counter terms" required in the computation of the renormalised volume all combine into the Chern-Simons functional of the restriction of the connection to the boundary. As the Chern-Simons invariant is only defined modulo large gauge transformations, the requirement that the path integral over asymptotically hyperbolic connections is well-defined requires the cosmological constant to be quantised. Finally, in the connection setting one can deform the 4D Einstein condition in an interesting way, and we show that asymptotically hyperbolic connection expansion is universal and valid for any of the deformed theories.
[ { "created": "Tue, 22 Dec 2015 14:57:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-03-24
[ [ "Fine", "Joel", "" ], [ "Herfray", "Yannick", "" ], [ "Krasnov", "Kirill", "" ], [ "Scarinci", "Carlos", "" ] ]
General Relativity in 4 dimensions can be equivalently described as a dynamical theory of SO(3)-connections rather than metrics. We introduce the notion of asymptotically hyperbolic connections, and work out an analog of the Fefferman-Graham expansion in the language of connections. As in the metric setup, one can solve the arising "evolution" equations order by order in the expansion in powers of the radial coordinate. The solution in the connection setting is arguably simpler, and very straightforward algebraic manipulations allow one to see how the obstruction appears at third order in the expansion. Another interesting feature of the connection formulation is that the "counter terms" required in the computation of the renormalised volume all combine into the Chern-Simons functional of the restriction of the connection to the boundary. As the Chern-Simons invariant is only defined modulo large gauge transformations, the requirement that the path integral over asymptotically hyperbolic connections is well-defined requires the cosmological constant to be quantised. Finally, in the connection setting one can deform the 4D Einstein condition in an interesting way, and we show that asymptotically hyperbolic connection expansion is universal and valid for any of the deformed theories.