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2301.02914
Mikhail Zubkov Dr
M. Selch, J. Miller, M.A.Zubkov
Gravastar-like black hole solutions in $q$-theory
Latex, 14 figures, 28 pages
null
10.1088/1361-6382/ace14b
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a stationary spherically symmetric solution of the Einstein equations, with a source generated by a scalar field of $q$-theory. In this theory Riemannian gravity, as described by the Einstein - Hilbert action, is coupled to a three - form field that describes the dynamical vacuum. Formally it behaves like a matter field with its own stress - energy tensor, equivalent to a scalar field minimally coupled to gravity. The asymptotically flat solutions obtained to the field equations represent black holes. For a sufficiently large horizon radius the energy density is localized within a thin spherical shell situated just outside of the horizon, analogous to a gravastar. The resulting solutions to the field equations, which admit this class of configurations, satisfy existence conditions that stem from the Black Hole no - hair theorem, thanks to the presence of a region in space in which the energy density is negative.
[ { "created": "Sat, 7 Jan 2023 18:32:20 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 30 May 2023 17:38:15 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-07-26
[ [ "Selch", "M.", "" ], [ "Miller", "J.", "" ], [ "Zubkov", "M. A.", "" ] ]
We present a stationary spherically symmetric solution of the Einstein equations, with a source generated by a scalar field of $q$-theory. In this theory Riemannian gravity, as described by the Einstein - Hilbert action, is coupled to a three - form field that describes the dynamical vacuum. Formally it behaves like a matter field with its own stress - energy tensor, equivalent to a scalar field minimally coupled to gravity. The asymptotically flat solutions obtained to the field equations represent black holes. For a sufficiently large horizon radius the energy density is localized within a thin spherical shell situated just outside of the horizon, analogous to a gravastar. The resulting solutions to the field equations, which admit this class of configurations, satisfy existence conditions that stem from the Black Hole no - hair theorem, thanks to the presence of a region in space in which the energy density is negative.
1603.01465
Hooman Moradpour Hooman
H. Moradpour, Rafael C. Nunes, Everton M. C. Abreu, Jorge Ananias Neto
A note on the relations between thermodynamics, energy definitions and Friedmann equations
The text has been increased
Mod. Phys. Lett. A (2017), Vol. 32, No. 13, 1750078
10.1142/S021773231750078X
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In what follows, we investigate the relation between the Friedmann and thermodynamic pressure equations, through solving the Friedmann and thermodynamic pressure equations simultaneously. Our investigation shows that a perfect fluid, as a suitable solution for the Friedmann equations leading to the standard modelling of the universe expansion history, cannot simultaneously satisfy the thermodynamic pressure equation and those of Friedmann. Moreover, we consider various energy definitions, such as the Komar mass, and solve the Friedmann and thermodynamic pressure equations simultaneously to get some models for dark energy. The cosmological consequences of obtained solutions are also addressed. Our results indicate that some of obtained solutions may unify the dominated fluid in both the primary inflationary and current accelerating eras into one model. In addition, by taking into account a cosmic fluid of a known equation of state, and combining it with the Friedmann and thermodynamic pressure equations, we obtain the corresponding energy of these cosmic fluids and face their limitations. Finally, we point out the cosmological features of this cosmic fluid and also study its observational constraints.
[ { "created": "Mon, 29 Feb 2016 09:37:28 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 17 May 2016 05:58:30 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 6 Aug 2016 12:08:40 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2017-04-21
[ [ "Moradpour", "H.", "" ], [ "Nunes", "Rafael C.", "" ], [ "Abreu", "Everton M. C.", "" ], [ "Neto", "Jorge Ananias", "" ] ]
In what follows, we investigate the relation between the Friedmann and thermodynamic pressure equations, through solving the Friedmann and thermodynamic pressure equations simultaneously. Our investigation shows that a perfect fluid, as a suitable solution for the Friedmann equations leading to the standard modelling of the universe expansion history, cannot simultaneously satisfy the thermodynamic pressure equation and those of Friedmann. Moreover, we consider various energy definitions, such as the Komar mass, and solve the Friedmann and thermodynamic pressure equations simultaneously to get some models for dark energy. The cosmological consequences of obtained solutions are also addressed. Our results indicate that some of obtained solutions may unify the dominated fluid in both the primary inflationary and current accelerating eras into one model. In addition, by taking into account a cosmic fluid of a known equation of state, and combining it with the Friedmann and thermodynamic pressure equations, we obtain the corresponding energy of these cosmic fluids and face their limitations. Finally, we point out the cosmological features of this cosmic fluid and also study its observational constraints.
0903.3088
Xin-Zhou Li
Xin-zhou Li, Chang-bo Sun and Ping Xi
Torsion cosmological dynamics
4 pages, 3 figures
Phys.Rev.D79:027301,2009
10.1103/PhysRevD.79.027301
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, the dynamical attractor and heteroclinic orbit have been employed to make the late-time behaviors of the model insensitive to the initial condition and thus alleviate the fine-tuning problem in the torsion cosmology. The late-time de Sitter attractor indicates that torsion cosmology is an elegant scheme and the scalar torsion mode is an interesting geometric quantity for physics. The numerical solutions obtained by Nester et al. are not periodic solutions, but are quasi-periodic solutions near the focus for the coupled nonlinear equations.
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 Mar 2009 04:47:48 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-04-22
[ [ "Li", "Xin-zhou", "" ], [ "Sun", "Chang-bo", "" ], [ "Xi", "Ping", "" ] ]
In this paper, the dynamical attractor and heteroclinic orbit have been employed to make the late-time behaviors of the model insensitive to the initial condition and thus alleviate the fine-tuning problem in the torsion cosmology. The late-time de Sitter attractor indicates that torsion cosmology is an elegant scheme and the scalar torsion mode is an interesting geometric quantity for physics. The numerical solutions obtained by Nester et al. are not periodic solutions, but are quasi-periodic solutions near the focus for the coupled nonlinear equations.
1402.5678
Hoda Farahani
M. Khurshudyan, J. Sadeghi, A. Pasqua, S. Chattopadhyay, R. Myrzakulov, and H. Farahani
Interacting Ricci dark energy models with an effective $\Lambda$-term in Lyra manifold
14 pages
IJTP 54 (2015) 749
10.1007/s10773-014-2266-7
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we consider a universe filled with barotropic dark matter and Ricci dark energy in Lyra geometry with varying Lambda. We assume two different kinds of interactions between dark matter and dark energy. Then, by using numerical analysis, we investigate some cosmological parameters of the models such as equation of state, Hubble and deceleration parameters.
[ { "created": "Sun, 23 Feb 2014 21:28:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-12
[ [ "Khurshudyan", "M.", "" ], [ "Sadeghi", "J.", "" ], [ "Pasqua", "A.", "" ], [ "Chattopadhyay", "S.", "" ], [ "Myrzakulov", "R.", "" ], [ "Farahani", "H.", "" ] ]
In this paper we consider a universe filled with barotropic dark matter and Ricci dark energy in Lyra geometry with varying Lambda. We assume two different kinds of interactions between dark matter and dark energy. Then, by using numerical analysis, we investigate some cosmological parameters of the models such as equation of state, Hubble and deceleration parameters.
1010.1143
Mir Faizal
Mir Faizal
BRST and Anti-BRST Symmetries in Perturbative Quantum Gravity
Aversion accepted for publication in Foundations of Physics
Found.Phys.41:270-277,2011
10.1007/s10701-010-9511-6
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In perturbative quantum gravity, the sum of the classical Lagrangian density, a gauge fixing term and a ghost term is invariant under two sets of supersymmetric transformations called the BRST and the anti-BRST transformations. In this paper we will analyse the BRST and the anti-BRST symmetries of perturbative quantum gravity in curved spacetime, in linear as well as non-linear gauges. We will show that even though the sum of ghost term and the gauge fixing term can always be expressed as a total BRST or a total anti-BRST variation, we can express it as a combination of both of them only in certain special gauges. We will also analyse the violation of nilpotency of the BRST and the anti-BRST transformations by introduction of a bare mass term, in the massive Curci-Ferrari gauge.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Oct 2010 12:59:20 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 21 Oct 2010 17:57:53 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-01-25
[ [ "Faizal", "Mir", "" ] ]
In perturbative quantum gravity, the sum of the classical Lagrangian density, a gauge fixing term and a ghost term is invariant under two sets of supersymmetric transformations called the BRST and the anti-BRST transformations. In this paper we will analyse the BRST and the anti-BRST symmetries of perturbative quantum gravity in curved spacetime, in linear as well as non-linear gauges. We will show that even though the sum of ghost term and the gauge fixing term can always be expressed as a total BRST or a total anti-BRST variation, we can express it as a combination of both of them only in certain special gauges. We will also analyse the violation of nilpotency of the BRST and the anti-BRST transformations by introduction of a bare mass term, in the massive Curci-Ferrari gauge.
2303.17364
Charlie Hoy
Connor McIsaac, Charlie Hoy and Ian Harry
A search technique to observe precessing compact binary mergers in the advanced detector era
23 pages, 12 figures. For data release, see https://icg-gravwaves.github.io/precessing_search_paper/
null
null
LIGO-P2300071
gr-qc astro-ph.HE astro-ph.IM
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Gravitational-wave signals from compact binary coalescences are most efficiently identified through matched filter searches, which match the data against a pre-generated bank of gravitational-wave templates. Although different techniques for performing the matched filter, as well as generating the template bank, exist, currently all modelled gravitational-wave searches use templates that restrict the component spins to be aligned (or anti-aligned) with the orbital angular momentum. This means that current searches are less sensitive to gravitational-wave signals generated from binaries with generic spins (precessing), suggesting that, potentially, a significant fraction of signals may remain undetected. In this work we introduce a matched filter search that is sensitive to signals generated from precessing binaries and can realistically be used during a gravitational-wave observing run. We take advantage of the fact that a gravitational-wave signal from a precessing binary can be decomposed into a power series of five harmonics, to show that a generic-spin template bank, which is only $\sim 3\times$ larger than existing aligned-spin banks, is needed to increase our sensitive volume by $\sim 100\%$ for neutron star black hole binaries with total mass larger than $17.5\, M_{\odot}$ and in-plane spins $>0.67$. In fact, our generic spin search performs as well as existing aligned-spin searches for neutron star black hole signals with insignificant in-plane spins, but improves sensitivity by $\sim60\%$ on average across the full generic spin parameter space. We anticipate that this improved technique will identify significantly more gravitational-wave signals, and, ultimately, help shed light on the unknown spin distribution of binaries in the universe.
[ { "created": "Thu, 30 Mar 2023 13:27:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-03-31
[ [ "McIsaac", "Connor", "" ], [ "Hoy", "Charlie", "" ], [ "Harry", "Ian", "" ] ]
Gravitational-wave signals from compact binary coalescences are most efficiently identified through matched filter searches, which match the data against a pre-generated bank of gravitational-wave templates. Although different techniques for performing the matched filter, as well as generating the template bank, exist, currently all modelled gravitational-wave searches use templates that restrict the component spins to be aligned (or anti-aligned) with the orbital angular momentum. This means that current searches are less sensitive to gravitational-wave signals generated from binaries with generic spins (precessing), suggesting that, potentially, a significant fraction of signals may remain undetected. In this work we introduce a matched filter search that is sensitive to signals generated from precessing binaries and can realistically be used during a gravitational-wave observing run. We take advantage of the fact that a gravitational-wave signal from a precessing binary can be decomposed into a power series of five harmonics, to show that a generic-spin template bank, which is only $\sim 3\times$ larger than existing aligned-spin banks, is needed to increase our sensitive volume by $\sim 100\%$ for neutron star black hole binaries with total mass larger than $17.5\, M_{\odot}$ and in-plane spins $>0.67$. In fact, our generic spin search performs as well as existing aligned-spin searches for neutron star black hole signals with insignificant in-plane spins, but improves sensitivity by $\sim60\%$ on average across the full generic spin parameter space. We anticipate that this improved technique will identify significantly more gravitational-wave signals, and, ultimately, help shed light on the unknown spin distribution of binaries in the universe.
1801.02026
Izzet Sakalli
G. Tokgoz and I. Sakalli
Spectroscopy of $z=0$ Lifshitz Black Hole
9 pages, 1 figure
Advances in High Energy Physics Volume 2018, Article ID 3270790, 7 pages
10.1155/2018/3270790
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We studied the thermodynamics and spectroscopy of a $4$-dimensional, $z=0$ Lifshitz black hole ($Z0$LBH). Using the Wald's entropy formula and the Hawking temperature, we derived the quasilocal mass of the $Z0$LBH. Based on the exact solution to the near-horizon Zerilli equation of the massive scalar waves, we computed the quasinormal modes of the $Z0$LBH via employing the adiabatic invariant quantity for the $Z0$LBH. This study shows that the entropy and area spectra of the $Z0$LBH are equally spaced.
[ { "created": "Sat, 6 Jan 2018 14:59:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-12-05
[ [ "Tokgoz", "G.", "" ], [ "Sakalli", "I.", "" ] ]
We studied the thermodynamics and spectroscopy of a $4$-dimensional, $z=0$ Lifshitz black hole ($Z0$LBH). Using the Wald's entropy formula and the Hawking temperature, we derived the quasilocal mass of the $Z0$LBH. Based on the exact solution to the near-horizon Zerilli equation of the massive scalar waves, we computed the quasinormal modes of the $Z0$LBH via employing the adiabatic invariant quantity for the $Z0$LBH. This study shows that the entropy and area spectra of the $Z0$LBH are equally spaced.
1003.5366
Boris Hikin L
Boris Hikin
Einstein-Aether Theory With and Without Einstein
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The exact static spherically symmetric solutions for pure-aether theory and Einstein-aether theory are presented. It is shown that both theories can deliver the Schwarzschild metric, but only the Einstein-aether theory contains solutions with "almost-Schwarzschild" metrics that satisfy Einstein's experiments. Two specific solutions are of special interest: one in pure-aether theory that derives the attractive nature of gravitation as a result of Minskowski signature of the metric, and one - the Jacobson solution- of Einstein-aether theory with "almost-Schwarzschild" metric and non-zero Ricci tensor.
[ { "created": "Sun, 28 Mar 2010 12:43:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-03-30
[ [ "Hikin", "Boris", "" ] ]
The exact static spherically symmetric solutions for pure-aether theory and Einstein-aether theory are presented. It is shown that both theories can deliver the Schwarzschild metric, but only the Einstein-aether theory contains solutions with "almost-Schwarzschild" metrics that satisfy Einstein's experiments. Two specific solutions are of special interest: one in pure-aether theory that derives the attractive nature of gravitation as a result of Minskowski signature of the metric, and one - the Jacobson solution- of Einstein-aether theory with "almost-Schwarzschild" metric and non-zero Ricci tensor.
1005.0790
Alessandro Gruppuso
Roberto Casadio and Alessandro Gruppuso
CMB acoustic scale in the entropic-like accelerating universe
6 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys.Rev.D84:023503,2011
10.1103/PhysRevD.84.023503
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider generalizations of the entropic accelerating universe recently proposed in Ref. [4,5] and show that their background equations can be made equivalent to a model with a dark energy component with constant parameter of state $w_{X} = -1 + 2\, \gamma /3$, where $\gamma$ is related to the coefficients of the new terms in the Friedman equations. After discussing all the Friedman equations for an arbitrary $\gamma$, we show how to recover the standard scalings for dust and radiation. The acoustic scale $\ell_A$, related to the peak positions in the pattern of the angular power spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies, is also computed and yields the stringent bound $|\gamma|\ll 1$. We then argue that future data might be able to distinguish this model from pure $\Lambda$CDM (corresponding to $\gamma=0$).
[ { "created": "Wed, 5 May 2010 16:47:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 18 Jun 2011 10:06:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-08-08
[ [ "Casadio", "Roberto", "" ], [ "Gruppuso", "Alessandro", "" ] ]
We consider generalizations of the entropic accelerating universe recently proposed in Ref. [4,5] and show that their background equations can be made equivalent to a model with a dark energy component with constant parameter of state $w_{X} = -1 + 2\, \gamma /3$, where $\gamma$ is related to the coefficients of the new terms in the Friedman equations. After discussing all the Friedman equations for an arbitrary $\gamma$, we show how to recover the standard scalings for dust and radiation. The acoustic scale $\ell_A$, related to the peak positions in the pattern of the angular power spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies, is also computed and yields the stringent bound $|\gamma|\ll 1$. We then argue that future data might be able to distinguish this model from pure $\Lambda$CDM (corresponding to $\gamma=0$).
gr-qc/0602052
Marc Lachieze-Rey
Marc Lachieze-Rey (APC)
The covariance of GPS coordinates and frames
new version, as to appear in CQG; some equations corrected, redaction improved ; references added
Classical and Quantum Gravity, 23 (2006) 3531-3544
10.1088/0264-9381/23/10/019
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We explore, in the general relativistic context, the properties of the recently introduced GPS coordinates, as well as those of the associated frames and coframes. We show that they are covariant, and completely independent of any observer. We show that standard spectroscopic and astrometric observations allow any observer to measure (i) the values of the GPS coordinates at his position, (ii) the components of his [four-]velocity and (iii) the components of the metric in the GPS frame. This provides to this system an unique value both for conceptual discussion (no frame dependence) and for practical use (involved quantities are directly measurable): localisation, motion monitoring, astrometry, cosmography, tests of gravitation theories. We show explicitly, in the general relativistic context, how an observer may estimate its position and motion, and reconstruct the components of the metric. This arises from two main results: the extension of the velocity fields of the probes to the whole (curved) spacetime; and the identification of the components of the observer's velocity in the GPS frame with the (inversed) observed redshifts of the probes. Specific cases (non relativistic velocities; Minkowski and Friedmann-Lema\^{i}tre spacetimes; geodesic motions) are studied in details.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 Feb 2006 10:11:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 29 Mar 2006 11:46:20 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Lachieze-Rey", "Marc", "", "APC" ] ]
We explore, in the general relativistic context, the properties of the recently introduced GPS coordinates, as well as those of the associated frames and coframes. We show that they are covariant, and completely independent of any observer. We show that standard spectroscopic and astrometric observations allow any observer to measure (i) the values of the GPS coordinates at his position, (ii) the components of his [four-]velocity and (iii) the components of the metric in the GPS frame. This provides to this system an unique value both for conceptual discussion (no frame dependence) and for practical use (involved quantities are directly measurable): localisation, motion monitoring, astrometry, cosmography, tests of gravitation theories. We show explicitly, in the general relativistic context, how an observer may estimate its position and motion, and reconstruct the components of the metric. This arises from two main results: the extension of the velocity fields of the probes to the whole (curved) spacetime; and the identification of the components of the observer's velocity in the GPS frame with the (inversed) observed redshifts of the probes. Specific cases (non relativistic velocities; Minkowski and Friedmann-Lema\^{i}tre spacetimes; geodesic motions) are studied in details.
1411.0104
Pedro Pina Avelino
P. P. Avelino
Could the dynamics of the Universe be influenced by what is going on inside black holes?
8 pages, 2 figures. Version 2 (accepted for publication in JCAP): minor typos corrected
JCAP 1504 (2015) 024
10.1088/1475-7516/2015/04/024
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the potential impact of mass inflation inside black holes on the dynamics of the Universe, considering a recent reformulation of general relativity, proposed in [1], which prevents the vacuum energy from acting as a gravitational source. The interior dynamics of accreting black holes is studied, at the classical level, using the homogeneous approximation and taking charge as a surrogate for angular momentum. We show that, depending on the accreting fluid properties, mass inflation inside black holes could influence the value of the cosmological constant and thus the dynamics of the Universe. A full assessment of the cosmological role played by black holes will require a deeper understanding of the extremely energetic regimes expected inside real astrophysical black holes, including their relation with the physics of the very early Universe, and may eventually lead to an entirely new paradigm for the origin and evolution of the Universe.
[ { "created": "Sat, 1 Nov 2014 11:29:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 26 Mar 2015 12:02:25 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-05-06
[ [ "Avelino", "P. P.", "" ] ]
We investigate the potential impact of mass inflation inside black holes on the dynamics of the Universe, considering a recent reformulation of general relativity, proposed in [1], which prevents the vacuum energy from acting as a gravitational source. The interior dynamics of accreting black holes is studied, at the classical level, using the homogeneous approximation and taking charge as a surrogate for angular momentum. We show that, depending on the accreting fluid properties, mass inflation inside black holes could influence the value of the cosmological constant and thus the dynamics of the Universe. A full assessment of the cosmological role played by black holes will require a deeper understanding of the extremely energetic regimes expected inside real astrophysical black holes, including their relation with the physics of the very early Universe, and may eventually lead to an entirely new paradigm for the origin and evolution of the Universe.
1707.05862
Jonathan Sorce
Jonathan Sorce and Robert M. Wald
Gedanken Experiments to Destroy a Black Hole II: Kerr-Newman Black Holes Cannot be Over-Charged or Over-Spun
38 pages, 6 figures; minor revisions/corrections; version accepted for publication in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 96, 104014 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.96.104014
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider gedanken experiments to destroy an extremal or nearly extremal Kerr-Newman black hole by causing it to absorb matter with sufficient charge and/or angular momentum as compared with energy that it cannot remain a black hole. It was previously shown by one of us that such gedanken experiments cannot succeed for test particle matter entering an extremal Kerr-Newman black hole. We generalize this result here to arbitrary matter entering an extremal Kerr-Newman black hole, provided only that the non-electromagnetic contribution to the stress-energy tensor of the matter satisfies the null energy condition. We then analyze the gedanken experiments proposed by Hubeny and others to over-charge and/or over-spin an initially slightly non-extremal Kerr-Newman black hole. Analysis of such gedanken experiments requires that we calculate all effects on the final mass of the black hole that are second-order in the charge and angular momentum carried into the black hole, including all self-force effects. We obtain a general formula for the full second order correction to mass, $\delta^2 M$, which allows us to prove that no gedanken experiments of the generalized Hubeny type can ever succeed in over-charging and/or over-spinning a Kerr-Newman black hole, provided only that the non-electromagnetic stress-energy tensor satisfies the null energy condition. Our analysis is based upon Lagrangian methods, and our formula for the second-order correction to mass is obtained by generalizing the canonical energy analysis of Hollands and Wald to the Einstein-Maxwell case. Remarkably, we obtain our formula for $\delta^2 M$ without having to explicitly compute self-force or finite size effects. Indeed, in an appendix, we show explicitly that our formula incorporates both the self-force and finite size effects for the special case of a charged body slowly lowered into an uncharged black hole.
[ { "created": "Tue, 18 Jul 2017 21:23:44 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 13 Oct 2017 01:27:59 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 8 Nov 2017 18:43:09 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2017-11-15
[ [ "Sorce", "Jonathan", "" ], [ "Wald", "Robert M.", "" ] ]
We consider gedanken experiments to destroy an extremal or nearly extremal Kerr-Newman black hole by causing it to absorb matter with sufficient charge and/or angular momentum as compared with energy that it cannot remain a black hole. It was previously shown by one of us that such gedanken experiments cannot succeed for test particle matter entering an extremal Kerr-Newman black hole. We generalize this result here to arbitrary matter entering an extremal Kerr-Newman black hole, provided only that the non-electromagnetic contribution to the stress-energy tensor of the matter satisfies the null energy condition. We then analyze the gedanken experiments proposed by Hubeny and others to over-charge and/or over-spin an initially slightly non-extremal Kerr-Newman black hole. Analysis of such gedanken experiments requires that we calculate all effects on the final mass of the black hole that are second-order in the charge and angular momentum carried into the black hole, including all self-force effects. We obtain a general formula for the full second order correction to mass, $\delta^2 M$, which allows us to prove that no gedanken experiments of the generalized Hubeny type can ever succeed in over-charging and/or over-spinning a Kerr-Newman black hole, provided only that the non-electromagnetic stress-energy tensor satisfies the null energy condition. Our analysis is based upon Lagrangian methods, and our formula for the second-order correction to mass is obtained by generalizing the canonical energy analysis of Hollands and Wald to the Einstein-Maxwell case. Remarkably, we obtain our formula for $\delta^2 M$ without having to explicitly compute self-force or finite size effects. Indeed, in an appendix, we show explicitly that our formula incorporates both the self-force and finite size effects for the special case of a charged body slowly lowered into an uncharged black hole.
0908.1322
Nadiezhda Montelongo
N. Montelongo Garcia, T. Zannias
On the Structure of the Effective Potential for a Spherical Wormhole
15 pages, 0 figures
Phys. Rev. D 78, 064003 (2008)
10.1103/PhysRevD.78.064003
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The structure of the effective potential $V$ describing causal geodesics near the throat of an arbitrary spherical wormhole is analyzed. Einstein's equations relative to a set of regular coordinates covering a vicinity of the throat imply that any spherical wormhole can be constructed from solutions of an effective initial value problem with the throat serving as an initial value surface. The initial data involve matter variables, the area A(0) of the throat and the gradient $\Lambda(0)$ of the red shift factor on the throat. Whenever $\Lambda(0)=0$, the effective potential $V$ has a critical point on the throat. Conditions upon the data are derived ensuring that the critical point is a local minimum (resp. maximum). For particular families of Quasi-Schwarzschild wormholes, $V$ exhibits a local minimum on the throat independently upon the energy $E$ and angular momentum $L^2 $ of the test particles and thus such wormholes admit stable circular timelike and null geodesics on the throat. For families of Chaplygin wormholes, we show that such geodesics are unstable. Based on a suitable power series representation of the metric, properties of $V$ away from the throat are obtained that are useful for the analysis of accretion disks and radiation processes near the throat of any spherical wormhole.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 Aug 2009 13:33:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-13
[ [ "Garcia", "N. Montelongo", "" ], [ "Zannias", "T.", "" ] ]
The structure of the effective potential $V$ describing causal geodesics near the throat of an arbitrary spherical wormhole is analyzed. Einstein's equations relative to a set of regular coordinates covering a vicinity of the throat imply that any spherical wormhole can be constructed from solutions of an effective initial value problem with the throat serving as an initial value surface. The initial data involve matter variables, the area A(0) of the throat and the gradient $\Lambda(0)$ of the red shift factor on the throat. Whenever $\Lambda(0)=0$, the effective potential $V$ has a critical point on the throat. Conditions upon the data are derived ensuring that the critical point is a local minimum (resp. maximum). For particular families of Quasi-Schwarzschild wormholes, $V$ exhibits a local minimum on the throat independently upon the energy $E$ and angular momentum $L^2 $ of the test particles and thus such wormholes admit stable circular timelike and null geodesics on the throat. For families of Chaplygin wormholes, we show that such geodesics are unstable. Based on a suitable power series representation of the metric, properties of $V$ away from the throat are obtained that are useful for the analysis of accretion disks and radiation processes near the throat of any spherical wormhole.
gr-qc/0207123
Orfeu Bertolami
O. Bertolami and M. Tajmar
Hypothetical Gravity Control and Implications for Spacecraft Propulsion
5 pages, plain Latex
null
null
DF/IST-8.02
gr-qc
null
A scientific analysis of the conditions under which gravity could be controlled and the implications that an hypothetical manipulation of gravity would have for known schemes of space propulsion have been the scope of a recent study carried out for the European Space Agency. The underlying fundamental physical principles of known theories of gravity were analysed and shown that even if gravity could be modified it would bring somewhat modest gains in terms of launching of spacecraft and no breakthrough for space propulsion.
[ { "created": "Wed, 31 Jul 2002 12:40:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Bertolami", "O.", "" ], [ "Tajmar", "M.", "" ] ]
A scientific analysis of the conditions under which gravity could be controlled and the implications that an hypothetical manipulation of gravity would have for known schemes of space propulsion have been the scope of a recent study carried out for the European Space Agency. The underlying fundamental physical principles of known theories of gravity were analysed and shown that even if gravity could be modified it would bring somewhat modest gains in terms of launching of spacecraft and no breakthrough for space propulsion.
gr-qc/0212129
S. K. Sahay
S.K. Sahay
Matching of the continuous gravitational wave in an all sky search
16 pages, 7 figures, 3 Tables, To appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D
Int.J.Mod.Phys.D12:1227-1240,2003
10.1142/S0218271803003578
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We investigate the matching of continuous gravitational wave (CGW) signals in an all sky search with reference to Earth based laser interferometric detectors. We consider the source location as the parameters of the signal manifold and templates corresponding to different source locations. It has been found that the matching of signals from locations in the sky that differ in their co-latitude and longitude by $\pi$ radians decreases with source frequency. We have also made an analysis with the other parameters affecting the symmetries. We observe that it may not be relevant to take care of the symmetries in the sky locations for the search of CGW from the output of LIGO-I, GEO600 and TAMA detectors.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 Dec 2002 14:53:28 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 24 Mar 2003 15:55:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Sahay", "S. K.", "" ] ]
We investigate the matching of continuous gravitational wave (CGW) signals in an all sky search with reference to Earth based laser interferometric detectors. We consider the source location as the parameters of the signal manifold and templates corresponding to different source locations. It has been found that the matching of signals from locations in the sky that differ in their co-latitude and longitude by $\pi$ radians decreases with source frequency. We have also made an analysis with the other parameters affecting the symmetries. We observe that it may not be relevant to take care of the symmetries in the sky locations for the search of CGW from the output of LIGO-I, GEO600 and TAMA detectors.
gr-qc/0612139
Christophe Real
Christophe Real
Conservation of energy and Gauss Bonnet gravity
10 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
It is shown how can be made the classification of all tensors constructed from the Riemann tensor that verify the conservation of gravitational energy momentum. More precisely we explain that there exists a unique tensor of degree n in the Riemann tensor and its contractions that verifies the conservation of energy. We show that this tensor, only because it obeys this degree n structure as well as energy conservation, two facts which are true in all dimensions, verifies in dimension 2n this striking particularity of being Euler gravity. We stick here to the case n=2 but explain briefly why the general case is similar.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Dec 2006 18:47:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 7 Nov 2007 16:59:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-11-07
[ [ "Real", "Christophe", "" ] ]
It is shown how can be made the classification of all tensors constructed from the Riemann tensor that verify the conservation of gravitational energy momentum. More precisely we explain that there exists a unique tensor of degree n in the Riemann tensor and its contractions that verifies the conservation of energy. We show that this tensor, only because it obeys this degree n structure as well as energy conservation, two facts which are true in all dimensions, verifies in dimension 2n this striking particularity of being Euler gravity. We stick here to the case n=2 but explain briefly why the general case is similar.
0811.2832
Ali Shojai
Fatimah Shojai, and Ali Shojai
Geodesic Congruences in the Palatini f(R) Theory
null
Phys.Rev.D78:104011,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.78.104011
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We shall investigate the properties of a congruence of geodesics in the framework of Palatini f(R) theories. We shall evaluate the modified geodesic deviation equation and the Raychaudhuri's equation and show that f(R) Palatini theories do not necessarily lead to attractive forces. Also we shall study energy condition for f(R) Palatini gravity via a perturbative analysis of the Raychaudhuri's equation.
[ { "created": "Tue, 18 Nov 2008 03:47:22 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-12-18
[ [ "Shojai", "Fatimah", "" ], [ "Shojai", "Ali", "" ] ]
We shall investigate the properties of a congruence of geodesics in the framework of Palatini f(R) theories. We shall evaluate the modified geodesic deviation equation and the Raychaudhuri's equation and show that f(R) Palatini theories do not necessarily lead to attractive forces. Also we shall study energy condition for f(R) Palatini gravity via a perturbative analysis of the Raychaudhuri's equation.
1003.2481
Stephen Privitera
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration: J. Abadie, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, M Abernathy, T. Accadia, F. Acernese, C. Adams, R. Adhikari, P. Ajith, B. Allen, G. Allen, E. Amador Ceron, R. S. Amin, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, F. Antonucci, S. Aoudia, M. A. Arain, M. Araya, M. Aronsson, K. G. Arun, Y. Aso, S. Aston, P. Astone, D. E. Atkinson, P. Aufmuth, C. Aulbert, S. Babak, P. Baker, G. Ballardin, S. Ballmer, D. Barker, S. Barnum, F. Barone, B. Barr, P. Barriga, L. Barsotti, M. Barsuglia, M. A. Barton, I. Bartos, R. Bassiri, M. Bastarrika, J. Bauchrowitz, Th. S. Bauer, B. Behnke, M.G. Beker, M. Benacquista, A. Bertolini, J. Betzwieser, N. Beveridge, P. T. Beyersdorf, S. Bigotta, I. A. Bilenko, G. Billingsley, J. Birch, S. Birindelli, R. Biswas, M. Bitossi, M. A. Bizouard, E. Black, J. K. Blackburn, L. Blackburn, D. Blair, B. Bland, M. Blom, C. Boccara, O. Bock, T. P. Bodiya, R. Bondarescu, F. Bondu, L. Bonelli, R. Bork, M. Born, S. Bose, L. Bosi, M. Boyle, S. Braccini, C. Bradaschia, P. R. Brady, V. B. Braginsky, J. E. Brau, J. Breyer, D. O. Bridges, A. Brillet, M. Brinkmann, V. Brisson, M. Britzger, A. F. Brooks, D. A. Brown, R. Budzy\'nski, T. Bulik, H. J. Bulten, A. Buonanno, J. Burguet--Castell, O. Burmeister, D. Buskulic, R. L. Byer, L. Cadonati, G. Cagnoli, E. Calloni, J. B. Camp, E. Campagna, P. Campsie, J. Cannizzo, K. C. Cannon, B. Canuel, J. Cao, C. Capano, F. Carbognani, S. Caride, S. Caudill, M. Cavagli\`a, F. Cavalier, R. Cavalieri, G. Cella, C. Cepeda, E. Cesarini, T. Chalermsongsak, E. Chalkley, P. Charlton, E. Chassande-Mottin, S. Chelkowski, Y. Chen, A. Chincarini, N. Christensen, S. S. Y. Chua, C. T. Y. Chung, D. Clark, J. Clark, J. H. Clayton, F. Cleva, E. Coccia, C. N. Colacino, J. Colas, A. Colla, M. Colombini, R. Conte, D. Cook, T. R. Corbitt, C. Corda, N. Cornish, A. Corsi, C. A. Costa, J.-P. Coulon, D. Coward, D. C. Coyne, J. D. E. Creighton, T. D. Creighton, A. M. Cruise, R. M. Culter, A. Cumming, L. Cunningham, E. Cuoco, K. Dahl, S. L. Danilishin, R. Dannenberg, S. D'Antonio, K. Danzmann, A. Dari, K. Das, V. Dattilo, B. Daudert, M. Davier, G. Davies, A. Davis, E. J. Daw, R. Day, T. Dayanga, R. De Rosa, D. DeBra, J. Degallaix, M. del Prete, V. Dergachev, R. DeRosa, R. DeSalvo, P. Devanka, S. Dhurandhar, L. Di Fiore, A. Di Lieto, I. Di Palma, M. Di Paolo Emilio, A. Di Virgilio, M. D\'iaz, A. Dietz, F. Donovan, K. L. Dooley, E. E. Doomes, S. Dorsher, E. S. D. Douglas, M. Drago, R. W. P. Drever, J. C. Driggers, J. Dueck, J.-C. Dumas, T. Eberle, M. Edgar, M. Edwards, A. Effler, P. Ehrens, R. Engel, T. Etzel, M. Evans, T. Evans, V. Fafone, S. Fairhurst, Y. Fan, B. F. Farr, D. Fazi, H. Fehrmann, D. Feldbaum, I. Ferrante, F. Fidecaro, L. S. Finn, I. Fiori, R. Flaminio, M. Flanigan, K. Flasch, S. Foley, C. Forrest, E. Forsi, N. Fotopoulos, J.-D. Fournier, J. Franc, S. Frasca, F. Frasconi, M. Frede, M. Frei, Z. Frei, A. Freise, R. Frey, T. T. Fricke, D. Friedrich, P. Fritschel, V. V. Frolov, P. Fulda, M. Fyffe, L. Gammaitoni, J. A. Garofoli, F. Garufi, G. Gemme, E. Genin, A. Gennai, I. Gholami, S. Ghosh, J. A. Giaime, S. Giampanis, K. D. Giardina, A. Giazotto, C. Gill, E. Goetz, L. M. Goggin, G. Gonz\'alez, M. L. Gorodetsky, S. Go{\ss}ler, R. Gouaty, C. Graef, M. Granata, A. Grant, S. Gras, C. Gray, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, A. M. Gretarsson, C. Greverie, R. Grosso, H. Grote, S. Grunewald, G. M. Guidi, E. K. Gustafson, R. Gustafson, B. Hage, P. Hall, J. M. Hallam, D. Hammer, G. Hammond, J. Hanks, C. Hanna, J. Hanson, J. Harms, G. M. Harry, I. W. Harry, E. D. Harstad, K. Haughian, K. Hayama, J. Heefner, H. Heitmann, P. Hello, I. S. Heng, A. Heptonstall, M. Hewitson, S. Hild, E. Hirose, D. Hoak, K. A. Hodge, K. Holt, D. J. Hosken, J. Hough, E. Howell, D. Hoyland, D. Huet, B. Hughey, S. Husa, S. H. Huttner, T. Huynh--Dinh, D. R. Ingram, R. Inta, T. Isogai, A. Ivanov, P. Jaranowski, W. W. Johnson, D. I. Jones, G. Jones, R. Jones, L. Ju, P. Kalmus, V. Kalogera, S. Kandhasamy, J. Kanner, E. Katsavounidis, K. Kawabe, S. Kawamura, F. Kawazoe, W. Kells, D. G. Keppel, A. Khalaidovski, F. Y. Khalili, E. A. Khazanov, C. Kim, H. Kim, P. J. King, D. L. Kinzel, J. S. Kissel, S. Klimenko, V. Kondrashov, R. Kopparapu, S. Koranda, I. Kowalska, D. Kozak, T. Krause, V. Kringel, S. Krishnamurthy, B. Krishnan, A. Kr\'olak, G. Kuehn, J. Kullman, R. Kumar, P. Kwee, M. Landry, M. Lang, B. Lantz, N. Lastzka, A. Lazzarini, P. Leaci, J. Leong, I. Leonor, N. Leroy, N. Letendre, J. Li, T. G. F. Li, H. Lin, P. E. Lindquist, N. A. Lockerbie, D. Lodhia, M. Lorenzini, V. Loriette, M. Lormand, G. Losurdo, P. Lu, J. Luan, M. Lubinski, A. Lucianetti, H. L\"uck, A. Lundgren, B. Machenschalk, M. MacInnis, J. M. Mackowski, M. Mageswaran, K. Mailand, E. Majorana, C. Mak, N. Man, I. Mandel, V. Mandic, M. Mantovani, F. Marchesoni, F. Marion, S. M\'arka, Z. M\'arka, E. Maros, J. Marque, F. Martelli, I. W. Martin, R. M. Martin, J. N. Marx, K. Mason, A. Masserot, F. Matichard, L. Matone, R. A. Matzner, N. Mavalvala, R. McCarthy, D. E. McClelland, S. C. McGuire, G. McIntyre, G. McIvor, D. J. A. McKechan, G. Meadors, M. Mehmet, T. Meier, A. Melatos, A. C. Melissinos, G. Mendell, D. F. Men\'endez, R. A. Mercer, L. Merill, S. Meshkov, C. Messenger, M. S. Meyer, H. Miao, C. Michel, L. Milano, J. Miller, Y. Minenkov, Y. Mino, S. Mitra, V. P. Mitrofanov, G. Mitselmakher, R. Mittleman, B. Moe, M. Mohan, S. D. Mohanty, S. R. P. Mohapatra, D. Moraru, J. Moreau, G. Moreno, N. Morgado, A. Morgia, T. Morioka, K. Mors, S. Mosca, V. Moscatelli, K. Mossavi, B. Mours, C. MowLowry, G. Mueller, S. Mukherjee, A. Mullavey, H. M\"uller-Ebhardt, J. Munch, P. G. Murray, T. Nash, R. Nawrodt, J. Nelson, I. Neri, G. Newton, A. Nishizawa, F. Nocera, D. Nolting, E. Ochsner, J. O'Dell, G. H. Ogin, R. G. Oldenburg, B. O'Reilly, R. O'Shaughnessy, C. Osthelder, D. J. Ottaway, R. S. Ottens, H. Overmier, B. J. Owen, A. Page, G. Pagliaroli, L. Palladino, C. Palomba, Y. Pan, C. Pankow, F. Paoletti, M. A. Papa, S. Pardi, M. Pareja, M. Parisi, A. Pasqualetti, R. Passaquieti, D. Passuello, P. Patel, M. Pedraza, L. Pekowsky, S. Penn, C. Peralta, A. Perreca, G. Persichetti, M. Pichot, M. Pickenpack, F. Piergiovanni, M. Pietka, L. Pinard, I. M. Pinto, M. Pitkin, H. J. Pletsch, M. V. Plissi, R. Poggiani, F. Postiglione, M. Prato, V. Predoi, L. R. Price, M. Prijatelj, M. Principe, S. Privitera, R. Prix, G. A. Prodi, L. Prokhorov, O. Puncken, M. Punturo, P. Puppo, V. Quetschke, F. J. Raab, O. Rabaste, D. S. Rabeling, T. Radke, H. Radkins, P. Raffai, M. Rakhmanov, B. Rankins, P. Rapagnani, V. Raymond, V. Re, C. M. Reed, T. Reed, T. Regimbau, S. Reid, D. H. Reitze, F. Ricci, R. Riesen, K. Riles, P. Roberts, N. A. Robertson, F. Robinet, C. Robinson, E. L. Robinson, A. Rocchi, S. Roddy, C. R\"over, L. Rolland, J. Rollins, J. D. Romano, R. Romano, J. H. Romie, D. Rosi\'nska, S. Rowan, A. R\"udiger, P. Ruggi, K. Ryan, S. Sakata, M. Sakosky, F. Salemi, L. Sammut, L. Sancho de la Jordana, V. Sandberg, V. Sannibale, L. Santamar\'ia, G. Santostasi, S. Saraf, B. Sassolas, B. S. Sathyaprakash, S. Sato, M. Satterthwaite, P. R. Saulson, R. Savage, R. Schilling, R. Schnabel, R. Schofield, B. Schulz, B. F. Schutz, P. Schwinberg, J. Scott, S. M. Scott, A. C. Searle, F. Seifert, D. Sellers, A. S. Sengupta, D. Sentenac, A. Sergeev, D. Shaddock, B. Shapiro, P. Shawhan, D. H. Shoemaker, A. Sibley, X. Siemens, D. Sigg, A. Singer, A. M. Sintes, G. Skelton, B. J. J. Slagmolen, J. Slutsky, J. R. Smith, M. R. Smith, N. D. Smith, K. Somiya, B. Sorazu, F. C. Speirits, A. J. Stein, L. C. Stein, S. Steinlechner, S. Steplewski, A. Stochino, R. Stone, K. A. Strain, S. Strigin, A. Stroeer, R. Sturani, A. L. Stuver, T. Z. Summerscales, M. Sung, S. Susmithan, P. J. Sutton, B. Swinkels, D. Talukder, D. B. Tanner, S. P. Tarabrin, J. R. Taylor, R. Taylor, P. Thomas, K. A. Thorne, K. S. Thorne, E. Thrane, A. Th\"uring, C. Titsler, K. V. Tokmakov, A. Toncelli, M. Tonelli, C. Torres, C. I. Torrie, E. Tournefier, F. Travasso, G. Traylor, M. Trias, J. Trummer, K. Tseng, D. Ugolini, K. Urbanek, H. Vahlbruch, B. Vaishnav, G. Vajente, M. Vallisneri, J. F. J. van den Brand, C. Van Den Broeck, S. van der Putten, M. V. van der Sluys, A. A. van Veggel, S. Vass, R. Vaulin, M. Vavoulidis, A. Vecchio, G. Vedovato, J. Veitch, P. J. Veitch, C. Veltkamp, D. Verkindt, F. Vetrano, A. Vicer\'e, A. Villar, J.-Y. Vinet, H. Vocca, C. Vorvick, S. P. Vyachanin, S. J. Waldman, L. Wallace, A. Wanner, R. L. Ward, M. Was, P. Wei, M. Weinert, A. J. Weinstein, R. Weiss, L. Wen, S. Wen, P. Wessels, M. West, T. Westphal, K. Wette, J. T. Whelan, S. E. Whitcomb, D. J. White, B. F. Whiting, C. Wilkinson, P. A. Willems, L. Williams, B. Willke, L. Winkelmann, W. Winkler, C. C. Wipf, A. G. Wiseman, G. Woan, R. Wooley, J. Worden, I. Yakushin, H. Yamamoto, K. Yamamoto, D. Yeaton-Massey, S. Yoshida, P. P. Yu, M. Yvert, M. Zanolin, L. Zhang, Z. Zhang, C. Zhao, N. Zotov, M. E. Zucker, J. Zweizig, K. Belczynski
Sensitivity to Gravitational Waves from Compact Binary Coalescences Achieved during LIGO's Fifth and Virgo's First Science Run
12 pages, 5 figures
null
null
LIGO-T0900499-v19, VIR-0171A-10
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We summarize the sensitivity achieved by the LIGO and Virgo gravitational wave detectors for compact binary coalescence (CBC) searches during LIGO's fifth science run and Virgo's first science run. We present noise spectral density curves for each of the four detectors that operated during these science runs which are representative of the typical performance achieved by the detectors for CBC searches. These spectra are intended for release to the public as a summary of detector performance for CBC searches during these science runs.
[ { "created": "Fri, 12 Mar 2010 05:48:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 28 Mar 2010 22:46:53 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 1 Jun 2010 04:45:05 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-03-13
[ [ "The LIGO Scientific Collaboration", "", "" ], [ "the Virgo Collaboration", "", "" ], [ "Abadie", "J.", "" ], [ "Abbott", "B. P.", "" ], [ "Abbott", "R.", "" ], [ "Abernathy", "M", "" ], [ "Accadia", "T.", "" ], [ "Acernese", "F.", "" ], [ "Adams", "C.", "" ], [ "Adhikari", "R.", "" ], [ "Ajith", "P.", "" ], [ "Allen", "B.", "" ], [ "Allen", "G.", "" ], [ "Ceron", "E. Amador", "" ], [ "Amin", "R. S.", "" ], [ "Anderson", "S. B.", "" ], [ "Anderson", "W. G.", "" ], [ "Antonucci", "F.", "" ], [ "Aoudia", "S.", "" ], [ "Arain", "M. A.", "" ], [ "Araya", "M.", "" ], [ "Aronsson", "M.", "" ], [ "Arun", "K. G.", "" ], [ "Aso", "Y.", "" ], [ "Aston", "S.", "" ], [ "Astone", "P.", "" ], [ "Atkinson", "D. E.", "" ], [ "Aufmuth", "P.", "" ], [ "Aulbert", "C.", "" ], [ "Babak", "S.", "" ], [ "Baker", "P.", "" ], [ "Ballardin", "G.", "" ], [ "Ballmer", "S.", "" ], [ "Barker", "D.", "" ], [ "Barnum", "S.", "" ], [ "Barone", "F.", "" ], [ "Barr", "B.", "" ], [ "Barriga", "P.", "" ], [ "Barsotti", "L.", "" ], [ "Barsuglia", "M.", "" ], [ "Barton", "M. A.", "" ], [ "Bartos", "I.", "" ], [ "Bassiri", "R.", "" ], [ "Bastarrika", "M.", "" ], [ "Bauchrowitz", "J.", "" ], [ "Bauer", "Th. S.", "" ], [ "Behnke", "B.", "" ], [ "Beker", "M. G.", "" ], [ "Benacquista", "M.", "" ], [ "Bertolini", "A.", "" ], [ "Betzwieser", "J.", "" ], [ "Beveridge", "N.", "" ], [ "Beyersdorf", "P. T.", "" ], [ "Bigotta", "S.", "" ], [ "Bilenko", "I. A.", "" ], [ "Billingsley", "G.", "" ], [ "Birch", "J.", "" ], [ "Birindelli", "S.", "" ], [ "Biswas", "R.", "" ], [ "Bitossi", "M.", "" ], [ "Bizouard", "M. A.", "" ], [ "Black", "E.", "" ], [ "Blackburn", "J. K.", "" ], [ "Blackburn", "L.", "" ], [ "Blair", "D.", "" ], [ "Bland", "B.", "" ], [ "Blom", "M.", "" ], [ "Boccara", "C.", "" ], [ "Bock", "O.", "" ], [ "Bodiya", "T. P.", "" ], [ "Bondarescu", "R.", "" ], [ "Bondu", "F.", "" ], [ "Bonelli", "L.", "" ], [ "Bork", "R.", "" ], [ "Born", "M.", "" ], [ "Bose", "S.", "" ], [ "Bosi", "L.", "" ], [ "Boyle", "M.", "" ], [ "Braccini", "S.", "" ], [ "Bradaschia", "C.", "" ], [ "Brady", "P. R.", "" ], [ "Braginsky", "V. B.", "" ], [ "Brau", "J. E.", "" ], [ "Breyer", "J.", "" ], [ "Bridges", "D. O.", "" ], [ "Brillet", "A.", "" ], [ "Brinkmann", "M.", "" ], [ "Brisson", "V.", "" ], [ "Britzger", "M.", "" ], [ "Brooks", "A. F.", "" ], [ "Brown", "D. A.", "" ], [ "Budzyński", "R.", "" ], [ "Bulik", "T.", "" ], [ "Bulten", "H. J.", "" ], [ "Buonanno", "A.", "" ], [ "Burguet--Castell", "J.", "" ], [ "Burmeister", "O.", "" ], [ "Buskulic", "D.", "" ], [ "Byer", "R. L.", "" ], [ "Cadonati", "L.", "" ], [ "Cagnoli", "G.", "" ], [ "Calloni", "E.", "" ], [ "Camp", "J. B.", "" ], [ "Campagna", "E.", "" ], [ "Campsie", "P.", "" ], [ "Cannizzo", "J.", "" ], [ "Cannon", "K. C.", "" ], [ "Canuel", "B.", "" ], [ "Cao", "J.", "" ], [ "Capano", "C.", "" ], [ "Carbognani", "F.", "" ], [ "Caride", "S.", "" ], [ "Caudill", "S.", "" ], [ "Cavaglià", "M.", "" ], [ "Cavalier", "F.", "" ], [ "Cavalieri", "R.", "" ], [ "Cella", "G.", "" ], [ "Cepeda", "C.", "" ], [ "Cesarini", "E.", "" ], [ "Chalermsongsak", "T.", "" ], [ "Chalkley", "E.", "" ], [ "Charlton", "P.", "" ], [ "Chassande-Mottin", "E.", "" ], [ "Chelkowski", "S.", "" ], [ "Chen", "Y.", "" ], [ "Chincarini", "A.", "" ], [ "Christensen", "N.", "" ], [ "Chua", "S. S. Y.", "" ], [ "Chung", "C. T. Y.", "" ], [ "Clark", "D.", "" ], [ "Clark", "J.", "" ], [ "Clayton", "J. H.", "" ], [ "Cleva", "F.", "" ], [ "Coccia", "E.", "" ], [ "Colacino", "C. N.", "" ], [ "Colas", "J.", "" ], [ "Colla", "A.", "" ], [ "Colombini", "M.", "" ], [ "Conte", "R.", "" ], [ "Cook", "D.", "" ], [ "Corbitt", "T. R.", "" ], [ "Corda", "C.", "" ], [ "Cornish", "N.", "" ], [ "Corsi", "A.", "" ], [ "Costa", "C. A.", "" ], [ "Coulon", "J. -P.", "" ], [ "Coward", "D.", "" ], [ "Coyne", "D. C.", "" ], [ "Creighton", "J. D. E.", "" ], [ "Creighton", "T. D.", "" ], [ "Cruise", "A. M.", "" ], [ "Culter", "R. M.", "" ], [ "Cumming", "A.", "" ], [ "Cunningham", "L.", "" ], [ "Cuoco", "E.", "" ], [ "Dahl", "K.", "" ], [ "Danilishin", "S. L.", "" ], [ "Dannenberg", "R.", "" ], [ "D'Antonio", "S.", "" ], [ "Danzmann", "K.", "" ], [ "Dari", "A.", "" ], [ "Das", "K.", "" ], [ "Dattilo", "V.", "" ], [ "Daudert", "B.", "" ], [ "Davier", "M.", "" ], [ "Davies", "G.", "" ], [ "Davis", "A.", "" ], [ "Daw", "E. J.", "" ], [ "Day", "R.", "" ], [ "Dayanga", "T.", "" ], [ "De Rosa", "R.", "" ], [ "DeBra", "D.", "" ], [ "Degallaix", "J.", "" ], [ "del Prete", "M.", "" ], [ "Dergachev", "V.", "" ], [ "DeRosa", "R.", "" ], [ "DeSalvo", "R.", "" ], [ "Devanka", "P.", "" ], [ "Dhurandhar", "S.", "" ], [ "Di Fiore", "L.", "" ], [ "Di Lieto", "A.", "" ], [ "Di Palma", "I.", "" ], [ "Emilio", "M. Di Paolo", "" ], [ "Di Virgilio", "A.", "" ], [ "Díaz", "M.", "" ], [ "Dietz", "A.", "" ], [ "Donovan", "F.", "" ], [ "Dooley", "K. L.", "" ], [ "Doomes", "E. E.", "" ], [ "Dorsher", "S.", "" ], [ "Douglas", "E. S. D.", "" ], [ "Drago", "M.", "" ], [ "Drever", "R. W. P.", "" ], [ "Driggers", "J. 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L.", "" ], [ "Rocchi", "A.", "" ], [ "Roddy", "S.", "" ], [ "Röver", "C.", "" ], [ "Rolland", "L.", "" ], [ "Rollins", "J.", "" ], [ "Romano", "J. D.", "" ], [ "Romano", "R.", "" ], [ "Romie", "J. H.", "" ], [ "Rosińska", "D.", "" ], [ "Rowan", "S.", "" ], [ "Rüdiger", "A.", "" ], [ "Ruggi", "P.", "" ], [ "Ryan", "K.", "" ], [ "Sakata", "S.", "" ], [ "Sakosky", "M.", "" ], [ "Salemi", "F.", "" ], [ "Sammut", "L.", "" ], [ "de la Jordana", "L. Sancho", "" ], [ "Sandberg", "V.", "" ], [ "Sannibale", "V.", "" ], [ "Santamaría", "L.", "" ], [ "Santostasi", "G.", "" ], [ "Saraf", "S.", "" ], [ "Sassolas", "B.", "" ], [ "Sathyaprakash", "B. S.", "" ], [ "Sato", "S.", "" ], [ "Satterthwaite", "M.", "" ], [ "Saulson", "P. R.", "" ], [ "Savage", "R.", "" ], [ "Schilling", "R.", "" ], [ "Schnabel", "R.", "" ], [ "Schofield", "R.", "" ], [ "Schulz", "B.", "" ], [ "Schutz", "B. F.", "" ], [ "Schwinberg", "P.", "" ], [ "Scott", "J.", "" ], [ "Scott", "S. M.", "" ], [ "Searle", "A. C.", "" ], [ "Seifert", "F.", "" ], [ "Sellers", "D.", "" ], [ "Sengupta", "A. S.", "" ], [ "Sentenac", "D.", "" ], [ "Sergeev", "A.", "" ], [ "Shaddock", "D.", "" ], [ "Shapiro", "B.", "" ], [ "Shawhan", "P.", "" ], [ "Shoemaker", "D. H.", "" ], [ "Sibley", "A.", "" ], [ "Siemens", "X.", "" ], [ "Sigg", "D.", "" ], [ "Singer", "A.", "" ], [ "Sintes", "A. M.", "" ], [ "Skelton", "G.", "" ], [ "Slagmolen", "B. J. J.", "" ], [ "Slutsky", "J.", "" ], [ "Smith", "J. R.", "" ], [ "Smith", "M. R.", "" ], [ "Smith", "N. D.", "" ], [ "Somiya", "K.", "" ], [ "Sorazu", "B.", "" ], [ "Speirits", "F. C.", "" ], [ "Stein", "A. J.", "" ], [ "Stein", "L. C.", "" ], [ "Steinlechner", "S.", "" ], [ "Steplewski", "S.", "" ], [ "Stochino", "A.", "" ], [ "Stone", "R.", "" ], [ "Strain", "K. A.", "" ], [ "Strigin", "S.", "" ], [ "Stroeer", "A.", "" ], [ "Sturani", "R.", "" ], [ "Stuver", "A. L.", "" ], [ "Summerscales", "T. Z.", "" ], [ "Sung", "M.", "" ], [ "Susmithan", "S.", "" ], [ "Sutton", "P. J.", "" ], [ "Swinkels", "B.", "" ], [ "Talukder", "D.", "" ], [ "Tanner", "D. B.", "" ], [ "Tarabrin", "S. P.", "" ], [ "Taylor", "J. R.", "" ], [ "Taylor", "R.", "" ], [ "Thomas", "P.", "" ], [ "Thorne", "K. A.", "" ], [ "Thorne", "K. S.", "" ], [ "Thrane", "E.", "" ], [ "Thüring", "A.", "" ], [ "Titsler", "C.", "" ], [ "Tokmakov", "K. V.", "" ], [ "Toncelli", "A.", "" ], [ "Tonelli", "M.", "" ], [ "Torres", "C.", "" ], [ "Torrie", "C. I.", "" ], [ "Tournefier", "E.", "" ], [ "Travasso", "F.", "" ], [ "Traylor", "G.", "" ], [ "Trias", "M.", "" ], [ "Trummer", "J.", "" ], [ "Tseng", "K.", "" ], [ "Ugolini", "D.", "" ], [ "Urbanek", "K.", "" ], [ "Vahlbruch", "H.", "" ], [ "Vaishnav", "B.", "" ], [ "Vajente", "G.", "" ], [ "Vallisneri", "M.", "" ], [ "Brand", "J. F. J. van den", "" ], [ "Broeck", "C. Van Den", "" ], [ "van der Putten", "S.", "" ], [ "van der Sluys", "M. V.", "" ], [ "van Veggel", "A. A.", "" ], [ "Vass", "S.", "" ], [ "Vaulin", "R.", "" ], [ "Vavoulidis", "M.", "" ], [ "Vecchio", "A.", "" ], [ "Vedovato", "G.", "" ], [ "Veitch", "J.", "" ], [ "Veitch", "P. J.", "" ], [ "Veltkamp", "C.", "" ], [ "Verkindt", "D.", "" ], [ "Vetrano", "F.", "" ], [ "Viceré", "A.", "" ], [ "Villar", "A.", "" ], [ "Vinet", "J. -Y.", "" ], [ "Vocca", "H.", "" ], [ "Vorvick", "C.", "" ], [ "Vyachanin", "S. P.", "" ], [ "Waldman", "S. J.", "" ], [ "Wallace", "L.", "" ], [ "Wanner", "A.", "" ], [ "Ward", "R. L.", "" ], [ "Was", "M.", "" ], [ "Wei", "P.", "" ], [ "Weinert", "M.", "" ], [ "Weinstein", "A. J.", "" ], [ "Weiss", "R.", "" ], [ "Wen", "L.", "" ], [ "Wen", "S.", "" ], [ "Wessels", "P.", "" ], [ "West", "M.", "" ], [ "Westphal", "T.", "" ], [ "Wette", "K.", "" ], [ "Whelan", "J. T.", "" ], [ "Whitcomb", "S. E.", "" ], [ "White", "D. J.", "" ], [ "Whiting", "B. F.", "" ], [ "Wilkinson", "C.", "" ], [ "Willems", "P. A.", "" ], [ "Williams", "L.", "" ], [ "Willke", "B.", "" ], [ "Winkelmann", "L.", "" ], [ "Winkler", "W.", "" ], [ "Wipf", "C. C.", "" ], [ "Wiseman", "A. G.", "" ], [ "Woan", "G.", "" ], [ "Wooley", "R.", "" ], [ "Worden", "J.", "" ], [ "Yakushin", "I.", "" ], [ "Yamamoto", "H.", "" ], [ "Yamamoto", "K.", "" ], [ "Yeaton-Massey", "D.", "" ], [ "Yoshida", "S.", "" ], [ "Yu", "P. P.", "" ], [ "Yvert", "M.", "" ], [ "Zanolin", "M.", "" ], [ "Zhang", "L.", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Z.", "" ], [ "Zhao", "C.", "" ], [ "Zotov", "N.", "" ], [ "Zucker", "M. E.", "" ], [ "Zweizig", "J.", "" ], [ "Belczynski", "K.", "" ] ]
We summarize the sensitivity achieved by the LIGO and Virgo gravitational wave detectors for compact binary coalescence (CBC) searches during LIGO's fifth science run and Virgo's first science run. We present noise spectral density curves for each of the four detectors that operated during these science runs which are representative of the typical performance achieved by the detectors for CBC searches. These spectra are intended for release to the public as a summary of detector performance for CBC searches during these science runs.
0912.5384
Robert Littlejohn
Hal M. Haggard and Robert G. Littlejohn
Asymptotics of the Wigner 9j symbol
17 pages, 7 figures
Class.Quant.Grav.27:135010,2010
10.1088/0264-9381/27/13/135010
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present the asymptotic formula for the Wigner 9j-symbol, valid when all quantum numbers are large, in the classically allowed region. As in the Ponzano-Regge formula for the 6j-symbol, the action is expressed in terms of lengths of edges and dihedral angles of a geometrical figure, but the angles require care in definition. Rules are presented for converting spin networks into the associated geometrical figures. The amplitude is expressed as the determinant of a 2x2 matrix of Poisson brackets. The 9j-symbol possesses caustics associated with the fold and elliptic and hyperbolic umbilic catastrophes. The asymptotic formula obeys the exact symmetries of the 9j-symbol.
[ { "created": "Tue, 29 Dec 2009 23:06:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-05-25
[ [ "Haggard", "Hal M.", "" ], [ "Littlejohn", "Robert G.", "" ] ]
We present the asymptotic formula for the Wigner 9j-symbol, valid when all quantum numbers are large, in the classically allowed region. As in the Ponzano-Regge formula for the 6j-symbol, the action is expressed in terms of lengths of edges and dihedral angles of a geometrical figure, but the angles require care in definition. Rules are presented for converting spin networks into the associated geometrical figures. The amplitude is expressed as the determinant of a 2x2 matrix of Poisson brackets. The 9j-symbol possesses caustics associated with the fold and elliptic and hyperbolic umbilic catastrophes. The asymptotic formula obeys the exact symmetries of the 9j-symbol.
2009.10133
Jorge Ananias Neto
Everton M. C. Abreu and Jorge Ananias Neto
Barrow black hole corrected-entropy model and Tsallis nonextensivity
10 pages. To be published in PLB
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135805
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The quantum scenario concerning Hawking radiation, gives us a precious clue that a black hole has its temperature directly connected to its area gravity and that its entropy is proportional to the horizon area. These results have shown that there exist a deep association between thermodynamics and gravity. The recently introduced Barrow formulation of back holes entropy, influenced by the spacetime geometry, shows the quantum fluctuations effects through Barrow exponent, $\Delta$, where $\Delta=0$ represents the usual spacetime and its maximum value, $\Delta=1$, characterizes a fractal spacetime. The quantum fluctuations are responsible for such fractality. Loop quantum gravity approach provided the logarithmic corrections to the entropy. This correction arises from quantum and thermal equilibrium fluctuations. In this paper we have analyzed the nonextensive thermodynamical effects of the quantum fluctuations upon the geometry of a Barrow black hole. We discussed the Tsallis' formulation of this logarithmically corrected Barrow entropy to construct the equipartition law. Besides, we obtained a master equation that provides the equipartition law for any value of the Tsallis $q$-parameter and we analyzed several different scenarios. After that, the heat capacity were calculated and the thermal stability analysis was carried out as a function of the main parameters, namely, one of the so-called pre-factors, $q$ and $\Delta$.
[ { "created": "Mon, 21 Sep 2020 18:54:44 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-10-28
[ [ "Abreu", "Everton M. C.", "" ], [ "Neto", "Jorge Ananias", "" ] ]
The quantum scenario concerning Hawking radiation, gives us a precious clue that a black hole has its temperature directly connected to its area gravity and that its entropy is proportional to the horizon area. These results have shown that there exist a deep association between thermodynamics and gravity. The recently introduced Barrow formulation of back holes entropy, influenced by the spacetime geometry, shows the quantum fluctuations effects through Barrow exponent, $\Delta$, where $\Delta=0$ represents the usual spacetime and its maximum value, $\Delta=1$, characterizes a fractal spacetime. The quantum fluctuations are responsible for such fractality. Loop quantum gravity approach provided the logarithmic corrections to the entropy. This correction arises from quantum and thermal equilibrium fluctuations. In this paper we have analyzed the nonextensive thermodynamical effects of the quantum fluctuations upon the geometry of a Barrow black hole. We discussed the Tsallis' formulation of this logarithmically corrected Barrow entropy to construct the equipartition law. Besides, we obtained a master equation that provides the equipartition law for any value of the Tsallis $q$-parameter and we analyzed several different scenarios. After that, the heat capacity were calculated and the thermal stability analysis was carried out as a function of the main parameters, namely, one of the so-called pre-factors, $q$ and $\Delta$.
gr-qc/0702087
Raul Horvat
R. Horvat
Renormalization-group running cosmologies and the generalized second law
8 pages, final version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Phys.Lett.B648:374-377,2007
10.1016/j.physletb.2007.03.037
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
We explore some thermodynamical consequences of accelerated universes driven by a running cosmological constant (CC) from the renormalization group (RG). Application of the generalized second law (GSL) of gravitational thermodynamics to a framework where the running of the CC goes at the expense of energy transfer between vacuum and matter, strongly restricts the mass spectrum of a (hypothetical) theory controlling the CC running. We find that quantum effects driving the running of the CC should be dominated by a trans-planckian mass field, in marked contrast with the GUT-scale upper mass bound obtained by analyzing density perturbations for the running CC. The model shows compliance with the holographic principle.
[ { "created": "Thu, 15 Feb 2007 11:21:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 19 Feb 2007 16:07:24 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 22 Mar 2007 09:14:32 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Horvat", "R.", "" ] ]
We explore some thermodynamical consequences of accelerated universes driven by a running cosmological constant (CC) from the renormalization group (RG). Application of the generalized second law (GSL) of gravitational thermodynamics to a framework where the running of the CC goes at the expense of energy transfer between vacuum and matter, strongly restricts the mass spectrum of a (hypothetical) theory controlling the CC running. We find that quantum effects driving the running of the CC should be dominated by a trans-planckian mass field, in marked contrast with the GUT-scale upper mass bound obtained by analyzing density perturbations for the running CC. The model shows compliance with the holographic principle.
gr-qc/9904032
T. Damour
T. Damour
Equivalence Principle and Clocks
7 pages, latex, uses moriond.sty, to appear in the Proceedings of the 34th Rencontres de Moriond, "Gravitational Waves and Experimental Gravity", January 1999
null
null
IHES/P/99/11
gr-qc
null
String theory suggests the existence of gravitational-strength scalar fields ("dilaton" and "moduli") whose couplings to matter violate the equivalence principle. This provides a new motivation for high-precision clock experiments, as well as a generic theoretical framework for analyzing their significance.
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Apr 1999 13:09:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Damour", "T.", "" ] ]
String theory suggests the existence of gravitational-strength scalar fields ("dilaton" and "moduli") whose couplings to matter violate the equivalence principle. This provides a new motivation for high-precision clock experiments, as well as a generic theoretical framework for analyzing their significance.
1003.5640
Alexander Kouretsis
A.P.Kouretsis, M.Stathakopoulos and P.C.Stavrinos
Imperfect fluids, Lorentz violations and Finsler Cosmology
v1:16 pages v2: extended version; section, several comments, clarifications and references added; to appear on prd
Phys.Rev.D82:064035,2010
10.1103/PhysRevD.82.064035
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We construct a cosmological toy model based on a Finslerian structure of space-time. In particular, we are interested in a specific Finslerian Lorentz violating theory based on a curved version of Cohen and Glashow's Very Special Relativity. The osculation of a Finslerian manifold to a Riemannian leads to the limit of Relativistic Cosmology, for a specified observer. A modified flat FRW cosmology is produced. The analogue of a zero energy particle unfolds some special properties of the dynamics. The kinematical equations of motion are affected by local anisotropies. Seeds of Lorentz Violations may trigger density inhomogeneities to the cosmological fluid.
[ { "created": "Mon, 29 Mar 2010 19:02:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 6 Sep 2010 14:42:51 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-11-20
[ [ "Kouretsis", "A. P.", "" ], [ "Stathakopoulos", "M.", "" ], [ "Stavrinos", "P. C.", "" ] ]
We construct a cosmological toy model based on a Finslerian structure of space-time. In particular, we are interested in a specific Finslerian Lorentz violating theory based on a curved version of Cohen and Glashow's Very Special Relativity. The osculation of a Finslerian manifold to a Riemannian leads to the limit of Relativistic Cosmology, for a specified observer. A modified flat FRW cosmology is produced. The analogue of a zero energy particle unfolds some special properties of the dynamics. The kinematical equations of motion are affected by local anisotropies. Seeds of Lorentz Violations may trigger density inhomogeneities to the cosmological fluid.
1212.0432
Ahmet Baykal
Ahmet Baykal
Energy definition for quadratic curvature gravities
7 pages
Phys. Rev. D 86, 127501 (2012)
10.1103/PhysRevD.86.127501
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A conserved current for generic quadratic curvature gravitational models is defined, and it is shown that, at the linearized level, it corresponds to the Deser-Tekin charges. An explicit expression for the charge for new massive gravity in three dimensions is given. Some implications of the linearized equations are discussed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 3 Dec 2012 16:20:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-12-04
[ [ "Baykal", "Ahmet", "" ] ]
A conserved current for generic quadratic curvature gravitational models is defined, and it is shown that, at the linearized level, it corresponds to the Deser-Tekin charges. An explicit expression for the charge for new massive gravity in three dimensions is given. Some implications of the linearized equations are discussed.
1604.08039
Sudipto Roy
Sudipto Roy, Mohsin Islam
A Study of Cosmic Expansion Generated by Non-conservation of Matter in the Framework of Brans-Dicke Theory
12 pages, 8 figures
International Journal of Physics and Mathematical Sciences, Volume 6, Number 2, pages 1-10, 2016
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The present study, on the expansion of universe, is based on an assumption regarding the possibility of inter-conversion between matter and dark energy, through some interaction of matter with the scalar field in the framework of Brans-Dicke theory. The field equations for a spatially flat space-time have been solved using an empirical dependence of scalar field parameter upon the scale factor. To represent the behaviour regarding the non-conservation of matter, a function, expressed in terms of the Hubble parameter, has been empirically incorporated into the field equations. Their solution shows that, this function, whose value is proportional to the matter content of the universe, decreases monotonically with time. This matter-field interaction generates late time acceleration, causing the deceleration parameter to change its sign from positive to negative. Time dependence of the proportion of dark energy component of the universe has been determined and shown graphically. Time variation of gravitational constant and the Brans-Dicke dimensionless parameter has been analyzed in the present study. The rate of generation of dark energy from matter has been found to affect the time variations of deceleration parameter and gravitational constant.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Apr 2016 20:00:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-11-07
[ [ "Roy", "Sudipto", "" ], [ "Islam", "Mohsin", "" ] ]
The present study, on the expansion of universe, is based on an assumption regarding the possibility of inter-conversion between matter and dark energy, through some interaction of matter with the scalar field in the framework of Brans-Dicke theory. The field equations for a spatially flat space-time have been solved using an empirical dependence of scalar field parameter upon the scale factor. To represent the behaviour regarding the non-conservation of matter, a function, expressed in terms of the Hubble parameter, has been empirically incorporated into the field equations. Their solution shows that, this function, whose value is proportional to the matter content of the universe, decreases monotonically with time. This matter-field interaction generates late time acceleration, causing the deceleration parameter to change its sign from positive to negative. Time dependence of the proportion of dark energy component of the universe has been determined and shown graphically. Time variation of gravitational constant and the Brans-Dicke dimensionless parameter has been analyzed in the present study. The rate of generation of dark energy from matter has been found to affect the time variations of deceleration parameter and gravitational constant.
1103.0983
Umberto Cannella
Umberto Cannella
Effective Field Theory Methods in Gravitational Physics and Tests of Gravity
This PhD Thesis has been conducted at the University of Geneva (Switzerland) under the direction of Professor Michele Maggiore and the codirection of Doctor Riccardo Sturani. Version 2: abstract slightly changed; one typo corrected; layout issue fixed
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this PhD thesis I make use of the "Effective Field Theory of Gravity for Extended Objects" by Goldberger and Rothstein in order to investigate theories of gravity and to take a different point of view on the physical information that can be extracted from experiments. In the first work I present, I study a scalar-tensor theory of gravity and I address the renormalization of the energy-momentum tensor for point-like and string-like sources. The second and third study I report are set in the context of testing gravity. So far experiments have probed dynamical regimes only up to order (v/c)^5 in the post-Newtonian expansion, which corresponds to the very first term of the radiative sector in General Relativity. In contrast, by means of gravitational-wave astronomy, one aims at testing General Relativity up to (v/c)^(12)! It is then relevant to envisage testing frameworks which are appropriate to this strong-field/radiative regime. In the last two chapters of this thesis a new such framework is presented. Using the effective field theory approach, General Relativity non-linearities are described by Feynman diagrams in which classical gravitons interact with matter sources and among themselves. Tagging the self-interaction vertices of gravitons with parameters it is possible, for example, to translate the measure of the period decay of Hulse-Taylor pulsar in a constraint on the three-graviton vertex at the 0.1% level; for comparison, LEP constraints on the triple-gauge-boson couplings of weak interactions are accurate at 3%. With future observations of gravitational waves, higher order graviton vertices can in principle be constrained through a Fisher matrix analysis.
[ { "created": "Sat, 5 Mar 2011 20:34:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 19 Apr 2011 16:11:32 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-03-19
[ [ "Cannella", "Umberto", "" ] ]
In this PhD thesis I make use of the "Effective Field Theory of Gravity for Extended Objects" by Goldberger and Rothstein in order to investigate theories of gravity and to take a different point of view on the physical information that can be extracted from experiments. In the first work I present, I study a scalar-tensor theory of gravity and I address the renormalization of the energy-momentum tensor for point-like and string-like sources. The second and third study I report are set in the context of testing gravity. So far experiments have probed dynamical regimes only up to order (v/c)^5 in the post-Newtonian expansion, which corresponds to the very first term of the radiative sector in General Relativity. In contrast, by means of gravitational-wave astronomy, one aims at testing General Relativity up to (v/c)^(12)! It is then relevant to envisage testing frameworks which are appropriate to this strong-field/radiative regime. In the last two chapters of this thesis a new such framework is presented. Using the effective field theory approach, General Relativity non-linearities are described by Feynman diagrams in which classical gravitons interact with matter sources and among themselves. Tagging the self-interaction vertices of gravitons with parameters it is possible, for example, to translate the measure of the period decay of Hulse-Taylor pulsar in a constraint on the three-graviton vertex at the 0.1% level; for comparison, LEP constraints on the triple-gauge-boson couplings of weak interactions are accurate at 3%. With future observations of gravitational waves, higher order graviton vertices can in principle be constrained through a Fisher matrix analysis.
0812.0428
Prasanta Mahato Prin.
Prasanta Mahato
Torsion and Axial Current
13 pages, no figure
ICFAI Univ. Jour. of Phys.,2,(2009),92-104
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The role of torsion and a scalar field $\phi$ in gravitation, especially, in the presence of a Dirac field in the background of a particular class of the Riemann-Cartan geometry is considered here. Recently, a Lagrangian density with Lagrange multipliers has been proposed by the author which has been obtained by picking some particular terms from the SO(4,1) Pontryagin density, where the scalar field $\phi$ causes the de Sitter connection to have the proper dimension of a gauge field. In this formalism, conserved axial vector matter current can be constructed, irrespective of any gauge choice, in any manifold having arbitrary background geometry. This current is not a Noether current.
[ { "created": "Tue, 2 Dec 2008 04:52:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 6 Dec 2008 17:16:40 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-09-04
[ [ "Mahato", "Prasanta", "" ] ]
The role of torsion and a scalar field $\phi$ in gravitation, especially, in the presence of a Dirac field in the background of a particular class of the Riemann-Cartan geometry is considered here. Recently, a Lagrangian density with Lagrange multipliers has been proposed by the author which has been obtained by picking some particular terms from the SO(4,1) Pontryagin density, where the scalar field $\phi$ causes the de Sitter connection to have the proper dimension of a gauge field. In this formalism, conserved axial vector matter current can be constructed, irrespective of any gauge choice, in any manifold having arbitrary background geometry. This current is not a Noether current.
1012.0953
Francisco Lobo
Nadiezhda Montelongo Garc\'ia, Tiberiu Harko, Francisco S. N. Lobo, Jos\'e P. Mimoso
f(G) modified gravity and the energy conditions
4 pages. Prepared for the proceedings of the Spanish Relativity meeting (ERE2010), Granada, Spain, 6-10 Sep 2010
J.Phys.Conf.Ser.314:012060,2011
10.1088/1742-6596/314/1/012056
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Motivated by string/M-theory predictions that scalar field couplings with the Gauss-Bonnet invariant, G, are essential in the appearance of non-singular early time cosmologies, we discuss the viability of an interesting alternative gravitational theory, namely, modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity, and present the viability bounds arising from the energy conditions. In particular, we consider a specific realistic form of f(G) analyzed in the literature that accounts for the late-time cosmic acceleration and that has been found to cure the finite-time future singularities present in the dark energy models, and further examine the respective viability of the specific f(G) model imposed by the weak energy condition.
[ { "created": "Sat, 4 Dec 2010 22:24:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-03-17
[ [ "García", "Nadiezhda Montelongo", "" ], [ "Harko", "Tiberiu", "" ], [ "Lobo", "Francisco S. N.", "" ], [ "Mimoso", "José P.", "" ] ]
Motivated by string/M-theory predictions that scalar field couplings with the Gauss-Bonnet invariant, G, are essential in the appearance of non-singular early time cosmologies, we discuss the viability of an interesting alternative gravitational theory, namely, modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity, and present the viability bounds arising from the energy conditions. In particular, we consider a specific realistic form of f(G) analyzed in the literature that accounts for the late-time cosmic acceleration and that has been found to cure the finite-time future singularities present in the dark energy models, and further examine the respective viability of the specific f(G) model imposed by the weak energy condition.
2301.05083
Karim Mosani
Karim Mosani, Koushiki, Pankaj S. Joshi, Jay Verma Trivedi, and Tapobroto Bhanja
Gravitational collapse of scalar and vector fields
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We study here the unhindered gravitational collapse of spatially homogeneous (SH) scalar fields $\phi$ with a potential $V_{s}(\phi)$, as well as vector fields $\tilde{A}$ with a potential $V_{v}(B)$ where $B=g(\tilde{A},\tilde{A})$ and $g$ is the metric tensor. We show that in both cases, classes of potentials exist that give rise to black holes or naked singularities depending on the choice of the potential. The strength of the naked singularity is examined, and they are seen to be strong, in the sense of Tipler, for a wide class of respective potentials. We match the collapsing scalar/vector field with a generalized Vaidya spacetime outside. We highlight that full generality is maintained within the domain of SH scalar or vector field collapse.
[ { "created": "Thu, 12 Jan 2023 15:33:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-01-13
[ [ "Mosani", "Karim", "" ], [ "Koushiki", "", "" ], [ "Joshi", "Pankaj S.", "" ], [ "Trivedi", "Jay Verma", "" ], [ "Bhanja", "Tapobroto", "" ] ]
We study here the unhindered gravitational collapse of spatially homogeneous (SH) scalar fields $\phi$ with a potential $V_{s}(\phi)$, as well as vector fields $\tilde{A}$ with a potential $V_{v}(B)$ where $B=g(\tilde{A},\tilde{A})$ and $g$ is the metric tensor. We show that in both cases, classes of potentials exist that give rise to black holes or naked singularities depending on the choice of the potential. The strength of the naked singularity is examined, and they are seen to be strong, in the sense of Tipler, for a wide class of respective potentials. We match the collapsing scalar/vector field with a generalized Vaidya spacetime outside. We highlight that full generality is maintained within the domain of SH scalar or vector field collapse.
gr-qc/9812045
Massar Serge
S. Massar and R. Parentani
Unitary and non-unitary evolution in quantum cosmology
26 pages, latex; minor corrections, final version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 59, 123519 (1999)
10.1103/PhysRevD.59.123519
ULB-TH/98-17
gr-qc
null
We analyse when and why unitarity violations might occur in quantum cosmology restricted to minisuperspace. To this end we discuss in detail backscattering transitions between expanding and contracting solutions of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. We first show that upon neglecting only backscattering, one obtains an intermediate regime in which matter evolves unitarily but which does not correspond to any Schr\"odinger equation in a given geometry since gravitational backreaction effects are taken into account at the quantum level. We then show that backscattering amplitudes are exponentially smaller than matter transition amplitudes. Both results follow from an adiabatic treatment valid for macroscopic universes. To understand how backscattering and the intermediate regime should be interpreted, we review the problem of electronic transitions induced by nuclear motion since it is mathematically very similar. In this problem, transition amplitudes are obtained from the conserved current. The same applies to quantum cosmology and shows that the unique consistent interpretation is based on the current when backscattering is neglected. We then review why, in a relativistic context, backscattering is interpreted as pair production whereas it is not in the non relativistic case. In each example the correct interpretation is obtained by coupling the system to an external quantum device. From the absence of such external systems in cosmology, we conclude that backscattering does not have a unique consistent interpretation in quantum cosmology.
[ { "created": "Mon, 14 Dec 1998 11:26:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 21 Apr 1999 07:56:16 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-08-25
[ [ "Massar", "S.", "" ], [ "Parentani", "R.", "" ] ]
We analyse when and why unitarity violations might occur in quantum cosmology restricted to minisuperspace. To this end we discuss in detail backscattering transitions between expanding and contracting solutions of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. We first show that upon neglecting only backscattering, one obtains an intermediate regime in which matter evolves unitarily but which does not correspond to any Schr\"odinger equation in a given geometry since gravitational backreaction effects are taken into account at the quantum level. We then show that backscattering amplitudes are exponentially smaller than matter transition amplitudes. Both results follow from an adiabatic treatment valid for macroscopic universes. To understand how backscattering and the intermediate regime should be interpreted, we review the problem of electronic transitions induced by nuclear motion since it is mathematically very similar. In this problem, transition amplitudes are obtained from the conserved current. The same applies to quantum cosmology and shows that the unique consistent interpretation is based on the current when backscattering is neglected. We then review why, in a relativistic context, backscattering is interpreted as pair production whereas it is not in the non relativistic case. In each example the correct interpretation is obtained by coupling the system to an external quantum device. From the absence of such external systems in cosmology, we conclude that backscattering does not have a unique consistent interpretation in quantum cosmology.
2401.11273
Vasilis Oikonomou
V.K. Oikonomou, Pyotr Tsyba, Olga Razina
Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Cosmological Theories at Reheating and at the End of the Inflationary Era
AoP accepted
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we study the GW170817-compatible Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theories during the reheating and the end of inflationary era. Given the scalar field potential $V(\phi)$ which can have some intrinsic importance for the theory, determining the scalar coupling function $\xi(\phi)$ can be cumbersome due to lack of analyticity. The GW170817 observation constrains the scalar coupling function and the scalar field potential to have some interdependence, thus during the slow-roll era one can calculate the scalar coupling function. However, when the slow-roll era ends, it is expected that the scalar coupling function should have a different form and the same applies for the reheating era, assuming that the scalar potential of the theory does not change. In this work we exactly aim to highlight this feature of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theories, as the Universe evolves through distinct sequential evolution eras, and we focus on how to determine the scalar coupling function during the various evolutionary eras, from inflation to the reheating era. Regarding both the end of the inflationary era and the reheating era, it is found that the Hubble rate obeys a constant-roll-like condition of the form $\dot{H}=\delta H^2$, thus the determination of the scalar Gauss-Bonnet function $\xi(\phi)$ is reduced to solving a differential equation. A mentionable feature of the era exactly at the end of inflation is that the Klein-Gordon equation is decoupled from the field equations, because the Gauss-Bonnet invariant is zero. We provide several examples of interest to support our arguments.
[ { "created": "Sat, 20 Jan 2024 17:03:04 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-01-23
[ [ "Oikonomou", "V. K.", "" ], [ "Tsyba", "Pyotr", "" ], [ "Razina", "Olga", "" ] ]
In this work we study the GW170817-compatible Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theories during the reheating and the end of inflationary era. Given the scalar field potential $V(\phi)$ which can have some intrinsic importance for the theory, determining the scalar coupling function $\xi(\phi)$ can be cumbersome due to lack of analyticity. The GW170817 observation constrains the scalar coupling function and the scalar field potential to have some interdependence, thus during the slow-roll era one can calculate the scalar coupling function. However, when the slow-roll era ends, it is expected that the scalar coupling function should have a different form and the same applies for the reheating era, assuming that the scalar potential of the theory does not change. In this work we exactly aim to highlight this feature of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theories, as the Universe evolves through distinct sequential evolution eras, and we focus on how to determine the scalar coupling function during the various evolutionary eras, from inflation to the reheating era. Regarding both the end of the inflationary era and the reheating era, it is found that the Hubble rate obeys a constant-roll-like condition of the form $\dot{H}=\delta H^2$, thus the determination of the scalar Gauss-Bonnet function $\xi(\phi)$ is reduced to solving a differential equation. A mentionable feature of the era exactly at the end of inflation is that the Klein-Gordon equation is decoupled from the field equations, because the Gauss-Bonnet invariant is zero. We provide several examples of interest to support our arguments.
1707.00255
Thomas Cailleteau Mr
Thomas Cailleteau
Langton's Ant from the Ant's referential
First part of the work
null
null
null
gr-qc nlin.CG
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The evolution of the Langton's ant on a 2D lattice is studied from the "ant's framework". The aim of this article is twofold. Firstly, to see if one can explain the emergent behaviour of the ant as an analogous sytem of a particle crossing an horizon. Secondly, pointing toward some directions for an explanation, the evolution of the density of one color is studied and commented.
[ { "created": "Sun, 2 Jul 2017 08:18:05 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-07-04
[ [ "Cailleteau", "Thomas", "" ] ]
The evolution of the Langton's ant on a 2D lattice is studied from the "ant's framework". The aim of this article is twofold. Firstly, to see if one can explain the emergent behaviour of the ant as an analogous sytem of a particle crossing an horizon. Secondly, pointing toward some directions for an explanation, the evolution of the density of one color is studied and commented.
2404.05677
Bruce Allen
Bruce Allen
Pulsar Timing Array Harmonic Analysis and Source Angular Correlations
Updated with citations to recent work by others; shifted to covariance C(O.O') to unify notation with [51]. 22 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Gravitational waves (GWs) influence the arrival times of radio signals coming from pulsars. Here, we investigate the harmonic space approach to describing a pulsar's response to GWs. We derive and discuss the "diagonalized form" of the response, which is a sum of spin-2-weighted spherical harmonics of the GW direction multiplied by normal (spin-weight 0) spherical harmonics of the pulsar direction. We show how this allows many useful objects, for example, the Hellings and Downs two-point function, to be easily calculated. The approach also provides a clear description of the gauge dependence. We then employ this harmonic approach to model the effects of angular correlations in the sky locations of GW sources (sometimes called "statistical isotropy"). To do this, we construct rotationally invariant ensembles made up of many Gaussian subensembles, each of which breaks rotational invariance. Using harmonic techniques, we compute the cosmic covariance and the total covariance of the Hellings and Downs correlation in these models. The results may be used to assess the impact of angular source correlations on the Hellings and Downs correlation, and for optimal reconstruction of the Hellings and Downs curve in models where GW sources have correlated sky locations.
[ { "created": "Mon, 8 Apr 2024 16:56:45 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 29 Apr 2024 16:42:34 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-04-30
[ [ "Allen", "Bruce", "" ] ]
Gravitational waves (GWs) influence the arrival times of radio signals coming from pulsars. Here, we investigate the harmonic space approach to describing a pulsar's response to GWs. We derive and discuss the "diagonalized form" of the response, which is a sum of spin-2-weighted spherical harmonics of the GW direction multiplied by normal (spin-weight 0) spherical harmonics of the pulsar direction. We show how this allows many useful objects, for example, the Hellings and Downs two-point function, to be easily calculated. The approach also provides a clear description of the gauge dependence. We then employ this harmonic approach to model the effects of angular correlations in the sky locations of GW sources (sometimes called "statistical isotropy"). To do this, we construct rotationally invariant ensembles made up of many Gaussian subensembles, each of which breaks rotational invariance. Using harmonic techniques, we compute the cosmic covariance and the total covariance of the Hellings and Downs correlation in these models. The results may be used to assess the impact of angular source correlations on the Hellings and Downs correlation, and for optimal reconstruction of the Hellings and Downs curve in models where GW sources have correlated sky locations.
1208.3796
Stanley P. Gudder
Stanley P Gudder
The Causal Poset is Directed but not Lattice Ordered
The counterexample is incorrect. Thanks to Rafael Sorkin and David Rideout for pointing this out
null
null
null
gr-qc quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the causal set approach to discrete quantum gravity the universe grows one element at a time in discrete steps. At each step the process has the form of a causal set (causet) and the "completed" universe is given by a path through a discretely growing chain of causets. The collection of causets forms a partially ordered set (poset) in a natural way. We first show that this poset is directed. We then give a counterexample which shows it is not lattice ordered.
[ { "created": "Sun, 19 Aug 2012 01:10:24 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 28 Sep 2013 18:49:40 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-10-01
[ [ "Gudder", "Stanley P", "" ] ]
In the causal set approach to discrete quantum gravity the universe grows one element at a time in discrete steps. At each step the process has the form of a causal set (causet) and the "completed" universe is given by a path through a discretely growing chain of causets. The collection of causets forms a partially ordered set (poset) in a natural way. We first show that this poset is directed. We then give a counterexample which shows it is not lattice ordered.
0811.4129
Martin Bojowald
Martin Bojowald
Consistent Loop Quantum Cosmology
13 pages
Class.Quant.Grav.26:075020,2009
10.1088/0264-9381/26/7/075020
IGC-08/11-5
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A consistent combination of quantum geometry effects rules out a large class of models of loop quantum cosmology and their critical densities as they have been used in the recent literature. In particular, the critical density at which an isotropic universe filled with a free, massless scalar field would bounce must be well below the Planck density. In the presence of anisotropy, no model of the Schwarzschild black hole interior analyzed so far is consistent.
[ { "created": "Tue, 25 Nov 2008 16:58:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-03-27
[ [ "Bojowald", "Martin", "" ] ]
A consistent combination of quantum geometry effects rules out a large class of models of loop quantum cosmology and their critical densities as they have been used in the recent literature. In particular, the critical density at which an isotropic universe filled with a free, massless scalar field would bounce must be well below the Planck density. In the presence of anisotropy, no model of the Schwarzschild black hole interior analyzed so far is consistent.
0709.3302
Salvador Robles-Perez
S. Robles-Perez, Y. Hassouni and P. F. Gonzalez-Diaz
Coherent states in quantum cosmology
6 pages, 2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
In the realm of a quantum cosmological model for dark energy in which we have been able to construct a well-defined Hilbert space, a consistent coherent state representation has been formulated that may describe the quantum state of the universe and has a well-behaved semiclassical limit.
[ { "created": "Thu, 20 Sep 2007 20:16:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-09-24
[ [ "Robles-Perez", "S.", "" ], [ "Hassouni", "Y.", "" ], [ "Gonzalez-Diaz", "P. F.", "" ] ]
In the realm of a quantum cosmological model for dark energy in which we have been able to construct a well-defined Hilbert space, a consistent coherent state representation has been formulated that may describe the quantum state of the universe and has a well-behaved semiclassical limit.
gr-qc/9508027
Yoav Peleg
Sukanta Bose, Leonard Parker and Yoav Peleg (UWM)
Hawking Radiation and Unitary evolution
LaTex file + uuencoded ps version including 4 figures
Phys.Rev.Lett. 76 (1996) 861-864
10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.861
WISC-MILW-95-TH-17
gr-qc hep-th
null
We find a family of exact solutions to the semi-classical equations (including back-reaction) of two-dimensional dilaton gravity, describing infalling null matter that becomes outgoing and returns to infinity without forming a black hole. When a black hole almost forms, the radiation reaching infinity in advance of the original outgoing null matter has the properties of Hawking radiation. The radiation reaching infinity after the null matter consists of a brief burst of negative energy that preserves unitarity and transfers information faster than the theoretical bound for positive energy.
[ { "created": "Thu, 10 Aug 1995 21:55:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 11 Aug 1995 16:10:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Bose", "Sukanta", "", "UWM" ], [ "Parker", "Leonard", "", "UWM" ], [ "Peleg", "Yoav", "", "UWM" ] ]
We find a family of exact solutions to the semi-classical equations (including back-reaction) of two-dimensional dilaton gravity, describing infalling null matter that becomes outgoing and returns to infinity without forming a black hole. When a black hole almost forms, the radiation reaching infinity in advance of the original outgoing null matter has the properties of Hawking radiation. The radiation reaching infinity after the null matter consists of a brief burst of negative energy that preserves unitarity and transfers information faster than the theoretical bound for positive energy.
2105.10178
Pedro Bargue\~no
Pedro Bargueno, Ernesto Contreras and Angel Rincon
Thermodynamics of scale-dependent Friedmann equations
To be published in EPJC
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09274-7
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this work, the role of a time-varying Newton constant under the scale-dependent approach is investigated in the thermodynamics of the Friedman equations. In particular, we show that the extended Friedman equations can be derived either from equilibrium thermodynamics when the non-matter energy momentum tensor is interpreted as a fluid or from non-equilibrium thermodynamics when an entropy production term, which depends on the time-varying Newton constant, is included. Finally, a comparison between black hole and cosmological thermodynamics in the framework of scale--dependent gravity is briefly discussed.
[ { "created": "Fri, 21 May 2021 07:37:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-06-16
[ [ "Bargueno", "Pedro", "" ], [ "Contreras", "Ernesto", "" ], [ "Rincon", "Angel", "" ] ]
In this work, the role of a time-varying Newton constant under the scale-dependent approach is investigated in the thermodynamics of the Friedman equations. In particular, we show that the extended Friedman equations can be derived either from equilibrium thermodynamics when the non-matter energy momentum tensor is interpreted as a fluid or from non-equilibrium thermodynamics when an entropy production term, which depends on the time-varying Newton constant, is included. Finally, a comparison between black hole and cosmological thermodynamics in the framework of scale--dependent gravity is briefly discussed.
2207.14652
Mikhail Altaisky
Mikhail Altaisky and Robin Raj
Can our spacetime emerge from anti -- de Sitter space?
LaTeX, 4 pages, 2 eps figures
Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters, 2022, vol.19, No 4, pp.313-316
10.1134/S1547477122040033
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We present a model showing that our four-dimensional spacetime with the signature $(+,-,-,-)$ and almost vanishing positive curvature may have originated from a $b$-ary tree-like branching of a single discrete entity, and the $AdS_5$ space related to this branching process.
[ { "created": "Wed, 27 Jul 2022 05:23:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-08-01
[ [ "Altaisky", "Mikhail", "" ], [ "Raj", "Robin", "" ] ]
We present a model showing that our four-dimensional spacetime with the signature $(+,-,-,-)$ and almost vanishing positive curvature may have originated from a $b$-ary tree-like branching of a single discrete entity, and the $AdS_5$ space related to this branching process.
0801.4584
Abel Camacho Mr.
Alfredo Macias, Abel Camacho, Jutta Kunz, Claus Laemmerzahl
Midisuperspace Supersymmetric Quantum Cosmology
Accepted in Physical Review D
Phys.Rev.D77:064009,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.77.064009
null
gr-qc
null
We investigate the canonical quantization in the framework of N=1 simple supergravity for the case of a very simple gravitational midisuperspace described by Gowdy $T^3$ cosmological models. We consider supersymmetric quantum cosmology in the mentioned midisuperspace, where a matrix representation for the gravitino covector--spinor is used. The full Lorentz constraint and its implications for the wave function of the universe are analyzed in detail. We found that there are indeed physical states in the midisuperspace sector of the theory in contrast to the case of minisuperspace where there exist no physical states.
[ { "created": "Tue, 29 Jan 2008 23:58:42 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Macias", "Alfredo", "" ], [ "Camacho", "Abel", "" ], [ "Kunz", "Jutta", "" ], [ "Laemmerzahl", "Claus", "" ] ]
We investigate the canonical quantization in the framework of N=1 simple supergravity for the case of a very simple gravitational midisuperspace described by Gowdy $T^3$ cosmological models. We consider supersymmetric quantum cosmology in the mentioned midisuperspace, where a matrix representation for the gravitino covector--spinor is used. The full Lorentz constraint and its implications for the wave function of the universe are analyzed in detail. We found that there are indeed physical states in the midisuperspace sector of the theory in contrast to the case of minisuperspace where there exist no physical states.
gr-qc/0611022
Kirill Bronnikov
K.A. Bronnikov, H. Dehnen, V.N. Melnikov
Regular black holes and black universes
13 pages, 1 figure. 6 referenses and some discussion added, misprints corrected
Gen.Rel.Grav.39:973-987,2007
10.1007/s10714-007-0430-6
null
gr-qc
null
We give a comparative description of different types of regular static, spherically symmetric black holes (BHs) and discuss in more detail their particular type, which we suggest to call black universes. The latter have a Schwarzschild-like causal structure, but inside the horizon there is an expanding Kantowski-Sachs universe and a de Sitter infinity instead of a singularity. Thus a hypothetic BH explorer gets a chance to survive. Solutions of this kind are naturally obtained if one considers static, spherically symmetric distributions of various (but not all) kinds of phantom matter whose existence is favoured by cosmological observations. It also looks possible that our Universe has originated from phantom-dominated collapse in another universe and underwent isotropization after crossing the horizon. An explicit example of a black-universe solution with positive Schwarzschild mass is discussed.
[ { "created": "Fri, 3 Nov 2006 15:28:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 12 Nov 2006 18:08:31 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Bronnikov", "K. A.", "" ], [ "Dehnen", "H.", "" ], [ "Melnikov", "V. N.", "" ] ]
We give a comparative description of different types of regular static, spherically symmetric black holes (BHs) and discuss in more detail their particular type, which we suggest to call black universes. The latter have a Schwarzschild-like causal structure, but inside the horizon there is an expanding Kantowski-Sachs universe and a de Sitter infinity instead of a singularity. Thus a hypothetic BH explorer gets a chance to survive. Solutions of this kind are naturally obtained if one considers static, spherically symmetric distributions of various (but not all) kinds of phantom matter whose existence is favoured by cosmological observations. It also looks possible that our Universe has originated from phantom-dominated collapse in another universe and underwent isotropization after crossing the horizon. An explicit example of a black-universe solution with positive Schwarzschild mass is discussed.
2103.10555
Jens Boos
Jens Boos, Ivan Kol\'a\v{r}
Non-locality and gravitoelectromagnetic duality
8 pages, comments welcome!
Phys. Rev. D 104, 024018 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.104.024018
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The weak-field Schwarzschild and NUT solutions of general relativity are gravitoelectromagnetically dual to each other, except on the positive $z$-axis. The presence of non-locality weakens this duality and violates it within a smeared region around the positive $z$-axis, whose typical transverse size is given by the scale of non-locality. We restore an exact non-local gravitoelectromagnetic duality everywhere via a manifestly dual modification of the linearized non-local field equations. In the limit of vanishing non-locality we recover the well-known results from weak-field general relativity.
[ { "created": "Thu, 18 Mar 2021 22:51:38 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-07-14
[ [ "Boos", "Jens", "" ], [ "Kolář", "Ivan", "" ] ]
The weak-field Schwarzschild and NUT solutions of general relativity are gravitoelectromagnetically dual to each other, except on the positive $z$-axis. The presence of non-locality weakens this duality and violates it within a smeared region around the positive $z$-axis, whose typical transverse size is given by the scale of non-locality. We restore an exact non-local gravitoelectromagnetic duality everywhere via a manifestly dual modification of the linearized non-local field equations. In the limit of vanishing non-locality we recover the well-known results from weak-field general relativity.
gr-qc/9705085
Alexander L. Gromov
Vladik Kreinovich and R. R. Zapatrin
An operationalistic reformulation of Einstein's equivalence principle
latex
null
null
IRB-MSP-970530
gr-qc
null
The Einstein's equivalence principle is formulated in terms of the accuracy of measurements and its dependence of the size of the area of measurement. It is shown that different refinements of the statement 'the spacetime is locally flat' lead to different conculsions about the spacetime geometry.
[ { "created": "Fri, 30 May 1997 20:30:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Kreinovich", "Vladik", "" ], [ "Zapatrin", "R. R.", "" ] ]
The Einstein's equivalence principle is formulated in terms of the accuracy of measurements and its dependence of the size of the area of measurement. It is shown that different refinements of the statement 'the spacetime is locally flat' lead to different conculsions about the spacetime geometry.
1604.00075
Jonah Miller
Jonah M. Miller and Erik Schnetter
An Operator-Based Local Discontinuous Galerkin Method Compatible With the BSSN Formulation of the Einstein Equations
Incorporated referee comments during peer-review. Added several references pointed out to us. Added a figure and discussion comparing pointwise error for 4th- and 5th-order stencils for wave equation
Class. Quantum Grav. 34 (2017) 1
10.1088/1361-6382/34/1/015003
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Discontinuous Galerkin Finite Element (DGFE) methods offer a mathematically beautiful, computationally efficient, and efficiently parallelizable way to solve hyperbolic partial differential equations. These properties make them highly desirable for numerical calculations in relativistic astrophysics and many other fields. The BSSN formulation of the Einstein equations has repeatedly demonstrated its robustness. The formulation is not only stable but allows for puncture-type evolutions of black hole systems. To-date no one has been able to solve the full (3+1)-dimensional BSSN equations using DGFE methods. This is partly because DGFE discretization often occurs at the level of the equations, not the derivative operator, and partly because DGFE methods are traditionally formulated for manifestly flux-conservative systems. By discretizing the derivative operator, we generalize a particular flavor of DGFE methods, Local DG methods, to solve arbitrary second-order hyperbolic equations. Because we discretize at the level of the derivative operator, our method can be interpreted as either a DGFE method or as a finite differences stencil with non-constant coefficients.
[ { "created": "Thu, 31 Mar 2016 23:06:49 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 14 Apr 2016 16:24:58 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 14 Nov 2016 23:00:37 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2016-12-12
[ [ "Miller", "Jonah M.", "" ], [ "Schnetter", "Erik", "" ] ]
Discontinuous Galerkin Finite Element (DGFE) methods offer a mathematically beautiful, computationally efficient, and efficiently parallelizable way to solve hyperbolic partial differential equations. These properties make them highly desirable for numerical calculations in relativistic astrophysics and many other fields. The BSSN formulation of the Einstein equations has repeatedly demonstrated its robustness. The formulation is not only stable but allows for puncture-type evolutions of black hole systems. To-date no one has been able to solve the full (3+1)-dimensional BSSN equations using DGFE methods. This is partly because DGFE discretization often occurs at the level of the equations, not the derivative operator, and partly because DGFE methods are traditionally formulated for manifestly flux-conservative systems. By discretizing the derivative operator, we generalize a particular flavor of DGFE methods, Local DG methods, to solve arbitrary second-order hyperbolic equations. Because we discretize at the level of the derivative operator, our method can be interpreted as either a DGFE method or as a finite differences stencil with non-constant coefficients.
0710.5656
Sergey Sushkov
P.E. Kashargin and S.V. Sushkov
Slowly rotating wormholes: the first order approximation
7 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Gravitation and Cosmology
Grav.Cosmol.14:80-85,2008
10.1007/s12267-008-1010-y
null
gr-qc
null
We discuss a solution describing a rotating wormhole in the theory of gravity with a scalar field with negative kinetic energy. To solve the problem we use the assumption about slow rotation. The role of a small dimensionless parameter plays the ratio of the linear velocity of rotation of the wormhole's throat and the velocity of light. The rotating wormhole solution is constructed in the framework of the first order approximation with respect to the small parameter. We analyze the obtained solution and study the motion of test particles and the propagation of light in the spacetime of rotating wormhole.
[ { "created": "Tue, 30 Oct 2007 14:26:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-13
[ [ "Kashargin", "P. E.", "" ], [ "Sushkov", "S. V.", "" ] ]
We discuss a solution describing a rotating wormhole in the theory of gravity with a scalar field with negative kinetic energy. To solve the problem we use the assumption about slow rotation. The role of a small dimensionless parameter plays the ratio of the linear velocity of rotation of the wormhole's throat and the velocity of light. The rotating wormhole solution is constructed in the framework of the first order approximation with respect to the small parameter. We analyze the obtained solution and study the motion of test particles and the propagation of light in the spacetime of rotating wormhole.
2111.05732
Javier Bad\'ia
Javier Bad\'ia, Ernesto F. Eiroa
Shadow of a charged black hole surrounded by an anisotropic matter field
8 pages, 5 figures; prepared for the Proceedings of the Sixteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting - MG16
Proceedings of the Sixteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting (MG16), pages 1343-1350 (World Scientific, Singapore, 2023)
10.1142/9789811269776_0108
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A certain type of matter with anisotropic pressures can add to the Reissner-Nordstr\"om metric a term proportional to a power of the radial coordinate. Using the standard method of separating variables for the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, we study the shadow of the corresponding rotating solution, obtained through the Newman-Janis algorithm. We define and calculate three observables in order to characterize the position, size and shape of the shadow.
[ { "created": "Wed, 10 Nov 2021 15:13:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-01-30
[ [ "Badía", "Javier", "" ], [ "Eiroa", "Ernesto F.", "" ] ]
A certain type of matter with anisotropic pressures can add to the Reissner-Nordstr\"om metric a term proportional to a power of the radial coordinate. Using the standard method of separating variables for the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, we study the shadow of the corresponding rotating solution, obtained through the Newman-Janis algorithm. We define and calculate three observables in order to characterize the position, size and shape of the shadow.
gr-qc/0201087
Sergey Alexandrov
Sergei Alexandrov
Hilbert space structure of covariant loop quantum gravity
20 pages, RevTEX
Phys.Rev. D66 (2002) 024028
10.1103/PhysRevD.66.024028
null
gr-qc
null
We investigate the Hilbert space in the Lorentz covariant approach to loop quantum gravity. We restrict ourselves to the space where all area operators are simultaneously diagonalizable, assuming that it exists. In this sector quantum states are realized by a generalization of spin network states based on Lorentz Wilson lines projected on irreducible representations of an SO(3) subgroup. The problem of infinite dimensionality of the unitary Lorentz representations is absent due to this projection. Nevertheless, the projection preserves the Lorentz covariance of the Wilson lines so that the symmetry is not broken. Under certain conditions the states can be thought as functions on a homogeneous space. We define the inner product as an integral over this space. With respect to this inner product the spin networks form an orthonormal basis in the investigated sector. We argue that it is the only relevant part of a larger state space arising in the approach. The problem of the noncommutativity of the Lorentz connection is solved by restriction to the simple representations. The resulting structure shows similarities with the spin foam approach.
[ { "created": "Mon, 28 Jan 2002 21:33:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Alexandrov", "Sergei", "" ] ]
We investigate the Hilbert space in the Lorentz covariant approach to loop quantum gravity. We restrict ourselves to the space where all area operators are simultaneously diagonalizable, assuming that it exists. In this sector quantum states are realized by a generalization of spin network states based on Lorentz Wilson lines projected on irreducible representations of an SO(3) subgroup. The problem of infinite dimensionality of the unitary Lorentz representations is absent due to this projection. Nevertheless, the projection preserves the Lorentz covariance of the Wilson lines so that the symmetry is not broken. Under certain conditions the states can be thought as functions on a homogeneous space. We define the inner product as an integral over this space. With respect to this inner product the spin networks form an orthonormal basis in the investigated sector. We argue that it is the only relevant part of a larger state space arising in the approach. The problem of the noncommutativity of the Lorentz connection is solved by restriction to the simple representations. The resulting structure shows similarities with the spin foam approach.
2105.13260
Marcus Khuri
Marcus Khuri, Gilbert Weinstein, Sumio Yamada
Balancing Static Vacuum Black Holes with Signed Masses in 4 and 5 Dimensions
35 pages, 7 figures
Phys. Rev. D 104, 044063 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.104.044063
null
gr-qc hep-th math.DG
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We construct a new set of asymptotically flat, static vacuum solutions to the Einstein equations in dimensions 4 and 5, which may be interpreted as a superposition of positive and negative mass black holes. The resulting spacetimes are axisymmetric in 4-dimensions and bi-axisymmetric in 5-dimensions, and are regular away from the negative mass singularities, for instance conical singularities are absent along the axes. In 5-dimensions, the topologies of signed mass black holes used in the construction may be either spheres $S^3$ or rings $S^1 \times S^2$; in particular, the negative mass static black ring solution is introduced. A primary observation that facilitates the superposition is the fact that, in Weyl-Papapetrou coordinates, negative mass singularities arise as overlapping singular support for a particular type of Green's function. Furthermore, a careful analysis of conical singularities along axes is performed, and formulas are obtained for their propagation across horizons, negative mass singularities, and corners. The methods are robust, and may be used to construct a multitude of further examples. Lastly, we show that balancing does not occur between any two signed mass black holes of the type studied here in 4 dimensions, while in 5 dimensions two-body balancing is possible.
[ { "created": "Thu, 27 May 2021 15:56:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 26 Aug 2021 19:22:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-09-01
[ [ "Khuri", "Marcus", "" ], [ "Weinstein", "Gilbert", "" ], [ "Yamada", "Sumio", "" ] ]
We construct a new set of asymptotically flat, static vacuum solutions to the Einstein equations in dimensions 4 and 5, which may be interpreted as a superposition of positive and negative mass black holes. The resulting spacetimes are axisymmetric in 4-dimensions and bi-axisymmetric in 5-dimensions, and are regular away from the negative mass singularities, for instance conical singularities are absent along the axes. In 5-dimensions, the topologies of signed mass black holes used in the construction may be either spheres $S^3$ or rings $S^1 \times S^2$; in particular, the negative mass static black ring solution is introduced. A primary observation that facilitates the superposition is the fact that, in Weyl-Papapetrou coordinates, negative mass singularities arise as overlapping singular support for a particular type of Green's function. Furthermore, a careful analysis of conical singularities along axes is performed, and formulas are obtained for their propagation across horizons, negative mass singularities, and corners. The methods are robust, and may be used to construct a multitude of further examples. Lastly, we show that balancing does not occur between any two signed mass black holes of the type studied here in 4 dimensions, while in 5 dimensions two-body balancing is possible.
gr-qc/9804056
George Lavrelashvili
George Lavrelashvili
On the quadratic action of the Hawking-Turok instanton
8 pages, REVTeX, 4 eps figures (included); statement concerning the CD solution is corrected and few other minor changes are made
Phys. Rev. D 58, 063505 (1998)
10.1103/PhysRevD.58.063505
BUTP-98/12
gr-qc hep-th
null
Positive definiteness of the quadratic part of the action of the Hawking-Turok instanton is investigated. The Euclidean quadratic action for scalar perturbations is expressed in terms of a single gauge invariant quantity $q$. The mode functions satisfy a Schr\"odinger type equation with a potential $U$. It is shown that the potential $U$ tends to a positive constant at the regular end of the instanton. The detailed shape of $U$ depends on the initial data of the instanton, on parameters of the background scalar field potential $V$ and on a positive integer, $p$, labeling different spherical harmonics. For certain well behaved scalar field potentials it is proven analytically that for $p>1$ quadratic action is non-negative. For the lowest $p=1$ (homogeneous) harmonic numerical solution of the Schr\"odinger equation for different scalar field potentials $V$ and different initial data show that in some cases the potential $U$ is negative in the intermediate region. We investigated the monotonously growing potentials and a potential with a false vacuum. For the monotonous potentials no negative modes are found about the Hawking-Turok instanton. For a potential with the false vacuum the HT instanton is shown to have a negative mode for certain initial data.
[ { "created": "Wed, 22 Apr 1998 18:12:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 1 May 1998 21:32:00 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-08-25
[ [ "Lavrelashvili", "George", "" ] ]
Positive definiteness of the quadratic part of the action of the Hawking-Turok instanton is investigated. The Euclidean quadratic action for scalar perturbations is expressed in terms of a single gauge invariant quantity $q$. The mode functions satisfy a Schr\"odinger type equation with a potential $U$. It is shown that the potential $U$ tends to a positive constant at the regular end of the instanton. The detailed shape of $U$ depends on the initial data of the instanton, on parameters of the background scalar field potential $V$ and on a positive integer, $p$, labeling different spherical harmonics. For certain well behaved scalar field potentials it is proven analytically that for $p>1$ quadratic action is non-negative. For the lowest $p=1$ (homogeneous) harmonic numerical solution of the Schr\"odinger equation for different scalar field potentials $V$ and different initial data show that in some cases the potential $U$ is negative in the intermediate region. We investigated the monotonously growing potentials and a potential with a false vacuum. For the monotonous potentials no negative modes are found about the Hawking-Turok instanton. For a potential with the false vacuum the HT instanton is shown to have a negative mode for certain initial data.
2106.10425
Pramit Rej
Piyali Bhar, Pramit Rej, P. Mafa Takisa, and M. Zubair
Relativistic compact stars in Tolman spacetime via an anisotropic approach
18 Pages, 8 Figures, Accepted in European Physical Journal C on 12.06.2021
The European Physical Journal C 81, 531 (2021)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09340-0
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this present work, we have obtained a singularity-free spherically symmetric stellar model with anisotropic pressure in the background of Einstein's general theory of relativity. The Einstein's field equations have been solved by exploiting Tolman {\em ansatz} [Richard C Tolman, Phys. Rev. 55:364, 1939] in $(3+1)$-dimensional space-time. Using observed values of mass and radius of the compact star PSR J1903+327, we have calculated the numerical values of all the constants from the boundary conditions. All the physical characteristics of the proposed model have been discussed both analytically and graphically. The new exact solution satisfies all the physical criteria for a realistic compact star. The matter variables are regular and well behaved throughout the stellar structure. Constraints on model parameters have been obtained. All the energy conditions are verified with the help of graphical representation. The stability condition of the present model has been described through different testings.
[ { "created": "Sat, 19 Jun 2021 05:22:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-06-23
[ [ "Bhar", "Piyali", "" ], [ "Rej", "Pramit", "" ], [ "Takisa", "P. Mafa", "" ], [ "Zubair", "M.", "" ] ]
In this present work, we have obtained a singularity-free spherically symmetric stellar model with anisotropic pressure in the background of Einstein's general theory of relativity. The Einstein's field equations have been solved by exploiting Tolman {\em ansatz} [Richard C Tolman, Phys. Rev. 55:364, 1939] in $(3+1)$-dimensional space-time. Using observed values of mass and radius of the compact star PSR J1903+327, we have calculated the numerical values of all the constants from the boundary conditions. All the physical characteristics of the proposed model have been discussed both analytically and graphically. The new exact solution satisfies all the physical criteria for a realistic compact star. The matter variables are regular and well behaved throughout the stellar structure. Constraints on model parameters have been obtained. All the energy conditions are verified with the help of graphical representation. The stability condition of the present model has been described through different testings.
1502.04640
Jonathan Engle
Jonathan Engle and Antonia Zipfel
The Lorentzian proper vertex amplitude: Classical analysis and quantum derivation
36 pages; references corrected
Phys. Rev. D 94, 064024 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.94.064024
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Spin foam models, an approach to defining the dynamics of loop quantum gravity, make use of the Plebanski formulation of gravity, in which gravity is recovered from a topological field theory via certain constraints called simplicity constraints. However, the simplicity constraints in their usual form select more than just one gravitational sector as well as a degenerate sector. This was shown, in previous work, to be the reason for the "extra" terms appearing in the semiclassical limit of the Euclidean EPRL amplitude. In this previous work, a way to eliminate the extra sectors, and hence terms, was developed, leading to the what was called the Euclidean proper vertex amplitude. In the present work, these results are extended to the Lorentzian signature, establishing what is called the Lorentzian proper vertex amplitude. This extension is non-trivial and involves a number of new elements since, for Lorentzian bivectors, the split into self-dual and anti-self-dual parts, on which the Euclidean derivation was based, is no longer available. In fact, the classical parts of the present derivation provide not only an extension to the Lorentzian case, but also, with minor modifications, provide a new, more four dimensionally covariant derivation for the Euclidean case. The new elements in the quantum part of the derivation are due to the different structure of unitary representations of the Lorentz group.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Feb 2015 17:28:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 31 May 2016 12:20:16 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-09-14
[ [ "Engle", "Jonathan", "" ], [ "Zipfel", "Antonia", "" ] ]
Spin foam models, an approach to defining the dynamics of loop quantum gravity, make use of the Plebanski formulation of gravity, in which gravity is recovered from a topological field theory via certain constraints called simplicity constraints. However, the simplicity constraints in their usual form select more than just one gravitational sector as well as a degenerate sector. This was shown, in previous work, to be the reason for the "extra" terms appearing in the semiclassical limit of the Euclidean EPRL amplitude. In this previous work, a way to eliminate the extra sectors, and hence terms, was developed, leading to the what was called the Euclidean proper vertex amplitude. In the present work, these results are extended to the Lorentzian signature, establishing what is called the Lorentzian proper vertex amplitude. This extension is non-trivial and involves a number of new elements since, for Lorentzian bivectors, the split into self-dual and anti-self-dual parts, on which the Euclidean derivation was based, is no longer available. In fact, the classical parts of the present derivation provide not only an extension to the Lorentzian case, but also, with minor modifications, provide a new, more four dimensionally covariant derivation for the Euclidean case. The new elements in the quantum part of the derivation are due to the different structure of unitary representations of the Lorentz group.
1206.5413
Jose Socorro Garcia
Juan M. Ram\'irez and J. Socorro
FRW in cosmological self-creation theory
10 pages in latex, 4 figures
acepted in Int. J. of Theor. Phys. (2013)
10.1007/s10773-013-1580-9
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We use the Brans-Dicke theory from the framework of General Relativity (Einstein frame), but now the total energy momentum tensor fulfills the following condition $\rm <[\{1}{\phi}T^{\mu \nu M}+T^{\mu \nu}(\phi)>]_{;\nu}=0$. We take as a first model the flat FRW metric and with the law of variation for Hubble's parameter proposal by Berman \cite{Berman}, we find solutions to the Einstein field equations by the cases: inflation ($\gamma=-1$), radiation ($\gamma=\{1}{3}$), stiff matter ($\gamma=1$). For the Inflation case the scalar field grows fast and depends strongly of the constant $\rm M_{\gamma=-1}$ that appears in the solution, for the Radiation case, the scalar stop its expansion and then decrease perhaps due to the presence of the first particles. In the Stiff Matter case, the scalar field is decreasing so for a large time, $\phi\rightarrow0$. In the same line of classical solutions, we find an exact solution to the Einstein field equations for the stiff matter $(\gamma=1)$ and flat universe, using the Hamilton-Jacobi scheme.
[ { "created": "Sat, 23 Jun 2012 17:02:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 7 May 2013 20:45:16 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-05-09
[ [ "Ramírez", "Juan M.", "" ], [ "Socorro", "J.", "" ] ]
We use the Brans-Dicke theory from the framework of General Relativity (Einstein frame), but now the total energy momentum tensor fulfills the following condition $\rm <[\{1}{\phi}T^{\mu \nu M}+T^{\mu \nu}(\phi)>]_{;\nu}=0$. We take as a first model the flat FRW metric and with the law of variation for Hubble's parameter proposal by Berman \cite{Berman}, we find solutions to the Einstein field equations by the cases: inflation ($\gamma=-1$), radiation ($\gamma=\{1}{3}$), stiff matter ($\gamma=1$). For the Inflation case the scalar field grows fast and depends strongly of the constant $\rm M_{\gamma=-1}$ that appears in the solution, for the Radiation case, the scalar stop its expansion and then decrease perhaps due to the presence of the first particles. In the Stiff Matter case, the scalar field is decreasing so for a large time, $\phi\rightarrow0$. In the same line of classical solutions, we find an exact solution to the Einstein field equations for the stiff matter $(\gamma=1)$ and flat universe, using the Hamilton-Jacobi scheme.
2005.01784
Olesya Galkina
Olesya Galkina, Alexander Yu. Kamenshchik
Future soft singularities, Born-Infeld-like fields and particles
13 pages, 1 figure. Final version to be published in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 102, 024078 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.024078
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider different scenarios of the evolution of the universe, where the singularities or some non-analyticities in the geometry of the spacetime are present, trying to answer the following question: is it possible to conserve some kind of notion of particle corresponding to a chosen quantum field present in the universe when the latter approaches the singularity? We study scalar fields with different types of Lagrangians, writing down the second-order differential equations for the linear perturbations of these fields in the vicinity of a singularity. If both independent solutions are regular, we construct the vacuum state for quantum particles as a Gaussian function of the corresponding variable. If at least one of two independent solutions has a singular asymptotic behavior, then we cannot define the creation and the annihilation operators and construct the vacuum. This means that the very notion of particle loses sense. We show that at the approaching to the Big Rip singularity, particles corresponding to the phantom scalar field driving the evolution of the universe must vanish, while particles of other fields still can be defined. In the case of the model of the universe described by the tachyon field with a special trigonometric potential, where the Big Brake singularity occurs, we see that the (pseudo) tachyon particles do not pass through this singularity. Adding to this model some quantity of dust, we slightly change the characteristics of this singularity and tachyon particles survive. Finally, we consider a model with the scalar field with the cusped potential, where the phantom divide line crossing occurs. Here the particles are well defined in the vicinity of this crossing point.
[ { "created": "Mon, 4 May 2020 18:43:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 21 Jul 2020 18:45:48 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-08-05
[ [ "Galkina", "Olesya", "" ], [ "Kamenshchik", "Alexander Yu.", "" ] ]
We consider different scenarios of the evolution of the universe, where the singularities or some non-analyticities in the geometry of the spacetime are present, trying to answer the following question: is it possible to conserve some kind of notion of particle corresponding to a chosen quantum field present in the universe when the latter approaches the singularity? We study scalar fields with different types of Lagrangians, writing down the second-order differential equations for the linear perturbations of these fields in the vicinity of a singularity. If both independent solutions are regular, we construct the vacuum state for quantum particles as a Gaussian function of the corresponding variable. If at least one of two independent solutions has a singular asymptotic behavior, then we cannot define the creation and the annihilation operators and construct the vacuum. This means that the very notion of particle loses sense. We show that at the approaching to the Big Rip singularity, particles corresponding to the phantom scalar field driving the evolution of the universe must vanish, while particles of other fields still can be defined. In the case of the model of the universe described by the tachyon field with a special trigonometric potential, where the Big Brake singularity occurs, we see that the (pseudo) tachyon particles do not pass through this singularity. Adding to this model some quantity of dust, we slightly change the characteristics of this singularity and tachyon particles survive. Finally, we consider a model with the scalar field with the cusped potential, where the phantom divide line crossing occurs. Here the particles are well defined in the vicinity of this crossing point.
2311.17993
Mehrab Momennia
Diego A. Martinez-Valera, Mehrab Momennia, Alfredo Herrera-Aguilar
Observational redshift from general spherically symmetric black holes
9 pages with 3 captioned figures. Comments are welcome; V2: Published version
Eur. Phys. J. C 84 (2024) 288
10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12649-1
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this work, we obtain an expression for the total observational frequency shift of photons emitted by massive geodesic particles circularly orbiting a black hole in a general spherically symmetric background. Our general relations are presented in terms of the metric components and their derivatives that characterize the black hole parameters. As a concrete example of this general relativistic approach, a special case is studied by applying the formalism to a nonsingular black hole conformally related to the Schwarzchild solution that possesses a length scale parameter $l$ and an integer parameter $N$ in addition to the black hole mass. Besides, we express the nonsingular black hole mass in terms of the observational redshift/blueshift. Finally, we investigate the effects of the free parameters of the conformal gravity theory on the observational frequency shift and compare results with those of the standard Schwarzschild black hole.
[ { "created": "Wed, 29 Nov 2023 19:00:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 24 Mar 2024 22:32:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-03-26
[ [ "Martinez-Valera", "Diego A.", "" ], [ "Momennia", "Mehrab", "" ], [ "Herrera-Aguilar", "Alfredo", "" ] ]
In this work, we obtain an expression for the total observational frequency shift of photons emitted by massive geodesic particles circularly orbiting a black hole in a general spherically symmetric background. Our general relations are presented in terms of the metric components and their derivatives that characterize the black hole parameters. As a concrete example of this general relativistic approach, a special case is studied by applying the formalism to a nonsingular black hole conformally related to the Schwarzchild solution that possesses a length scale parameter $l$ and an integer parameter $N$ in addition to the black hole mass. Besides, we express the nonsingular black hole mass in terms of the observational redshift/blueshift. Finally, we investigate the effects of the free parameters of the conformal gravity theory on the observational frequency shift and compare results with those of the standard Schwarzschild black hole.
1904.05109
Kodai Ueda
Vitor Cardoso, Takahisa Igata, Akihiro Ishibashi and Kodai Ueda
Massive tensor field perturbations on extremal and near-extremal static black holes
no figure, 24 pages
Phys. Rev. D 100, 044013 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.100.044013
RUP-19-12
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We develop a new perturbation method to study the dynamics of massive tensor fields on extremal and near-extremal static black hole spacetimes in arbitrary dimensions. On such backgrounds, one can classify the components of massive tensor fields into the tensor, vector, and scalar-type components. For the tensor-type components, which arise only in higher dimensions, the massive tensor field equation reduces to a single master equation, whereas the vector and scalar-type components remain coupled. We consider the near-horizon expansion of both the geometry and the field variables with respect to the near-horizon scaling parameter. By doing so, we reduce, at each order of the expansion, the equations of motion for the vector and scalar-type components to a set of five mutually decoupled wave equations with source terms consisting only of the lower-order variables. Thus, together with the tensor-type master equation, we obtain the set of mutually decoupled equations at each order of the expansion that govern all dynamical degrees of freedom of the massive tensor field on the extremal and near-extremal static black hole background.
[ { "created": "Wed, 10 Apr 2019 11:07:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-08-14
[ [ "Cardoso", "Vitor", "" ], [ "Igata", "Takahisa", "" ], [ "Ishibashi", "Akihiro", "" ], [ "Ueda", "Kodai", "" ] ]
We develop a new perturbation method to study the dynamics of massive tensor fields on extremal and near-extremal static black hole spacetimes in arbitrary dimensions. On such backgrounds, one can classify the components of massive tensor fields into the tensor, vector, and scalar-type components. For the tensor-type components, which arise only in higher dimensions, the massive tensor field equation reduces to a single master equation, whereas the vector and scalar-type components remain coupled. We consider the near-horizon expansion of both the geometry and the field variables with respect to the near-horizon scaling parameter. By doing so, we reduce, at each order of the expansion, the equations of motion for the vector and scalar-type components to a set of five mutually decoupled wave equations with source terms consisting only of the lower-order variables. Thus, together with the tensor-type master equation, we obtain the set of mutually decoupled equations at each order of the expansion that govern all dynamical degrees of freedom of the massive tensor field on the extremal and near-extremal static black hole background.
2201.12295
Jan Sbierski
Jan Sbierski
Instability of the Kerr Cauchy horizon under linearised gravitational perturbations
102 pages, 9 figures; v2 accepted for publication in Annals of PDE
null
null
null
gr-qc math-ph math.AP math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This paper establishes a mathematical proof of the blue-shift instability at the sub-extremal Kerr Cauchy horizon for the linearised vacuum Einstein equations. More precisely, we exhibit conditions on the $s=+2$ Teukolsky field, consisting of suitable integrated upper and lower bounds on the decay along the event horizon, that ensure that the Teukolsky field, with respect to a frame that is regular at the Cauchy horizon, becomes singular. The conditions are in particular satisfied by solutions of the Teukolsky equation arising from generic and compactly supported initial data by the recent work [51] of Ma and Zhang for slowly rotating Kerr.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 Jan 2022 18:00:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 21 Mar 2023 09:38:27 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-03-22
[ [ "Sbierski", "Jan", "" ] ]
This paper establishes a mathematical proof of the blue-shift instability at the sub-extremal Kerr Cauchy horizon for the linearised vacuum Einstein equations. More precisely, we exhibit conditions on the $s=+2$ Teukolsky field, consisting of suitable integrated upper and lower bounds on the decay along the event horizon, that ensure that the Teukolsky field, with respect to a frame that is regular at the Cauchy horizon, becomes singular. The conditions are in particular satisfied by solutions of the Teukolsky equation arising from generic and compactly supported initial data by the recent work [51] of Ma and Zhang for slowly rotating Kerr.
1903.10879
Peter Hess O
Peter O. Hess
Review on the pseudo-complex General Relativity and dark energy
24 pages10 figures, contribution to "Dark Matter and Dark Energy in General Relativity and Modified Theories of Gravity", Advances in High Energy Physics, Hindawi
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A review will be presented on the algebraic extension of the standard Theory of Relativity (GR) to the pseudo-complex formulation (pc-GR). The pc-GR predicts the existence of a dark energy outside and inside the mass distribution, corresponding to a modification of the GR- metric. The structure of the emission profile of an accretion disc changes also inside a star. Discussed are the consequences of the dark energy for cosmological models, permitting different outcomes on the evolution of the universe.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Mar 2019 16:49:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-03-27
[ [ "Hess", "Peter O.", "" ] ]
A review will be presented on the algebraic extension of the standard Theory of Relativity (GR) to the pseudo-complex formulation (pc-GR). The pc-GR predicts the existence of a dark energy outside and inside the mass distribution, corresponding to a modification of the GR- metric. The structure of the emission profile of an accretion disc changes also inside a star. Discussed are the consequences of the dark energy for cosmological models, permitting different outcomes on the evolution of the universe.
2212.13311
Chen-Kai Qiao
Chen-Kai Qiao, Mi Zhou
Gravitational Lensing of Schwarzschild and Charged Black Holes Immersed in Perfect Fluid Dark Matter Halo
31 pages, 10 figures; V2 minor revision; V3 major revision (some errors removed)
JCAP 12 (2023) 005
10.1088/1475-7516/2023/12/005
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Dark matter and dark energy dominate the behavior of our universe. The dark matter usually forms halo structures in large number of galaxies. Properties of dark matter halo can be revealed and understood from the gravitational lensing observations. In this work, a comprehensive study on the gravitational lensing of black holes immersed in dark matter halos is presented. To effectively model the supermassive black hole in a galaxy center (which is surrounded by dark matter halo) in a simple way, we investigate the Schwarzschild black hole and charged Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole immersed in a perfect fluid dark matter halo. In the present work, several basic quantities in gravitational lensing (the gravitational deflection angle of light, photon sphere, black hole shadow radius, gravitational lens equation and Einstein ring) are calculated and analyzed analytically and numerically. A second order analytical expansion of gravitational deflection angle is obtained in the weak deflection limit, and the full gravitational deflection angle (including all order perturbation contributions applicable to both weak and strong deflection limits) is also calculated numerically as comparisons. It enables us to analyze the perfect fluid dark matter influences on gravitational deflection angle and gravitational lensing beyond the leading order, which were not sufficiently studied in previous works. Assuming $M \sim \lambda_{\text{DM}} \sim Q$, our results show that dark matter can greatly influence the gravitational lensing of central black holes.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 Dec 2022 22:26:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 2 Feb 2023 17:04:19 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 23 Oct 2023 21:02:45 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2024-03-12
[ [ "Qiao", "Chen-Kai", "" ], [ "Zhou", "Mi", "" ] ]
Dark matter and dark energy dominate the behavior of our universe. The dark matter usually forms halo structures in large number of galaxies. Properties of dark matter halo can be revealed and understood from the gravitational lensing observations. In this work, a comprehensive study on the gravitational lensing of black holes immersed in dark matter halos is presented. To effectively model the supermassive black hole in a galaxy center (which is surrounded by dark matter halo) in a simple way, we investigate the Schwarzschild black hole and charged Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole immersed in a perfect fluid dark matter halo. In the present work, several basic quantities in gravitational lensing (the gravitational deflection angle of light, photon sphere, black hole shadow radius, gravitational lens equation and Einstein ring) are calculated and analyzed analytically and numerically. A second order analytical expansion of gravitational deflection angle is obtained in the weak deflection limit, and the full gravitational deflection angle (including all order perturbation contributions applicable to both weak and strong deflection limits) is also calculated numerically as comparisons. It enables us to analyze the perfect fluid dark matter influences on gravitational deflection angle and gravitational lensing beyond the leading order, which were not sufficiently studied in previous works. Assuming $M \sim \lambda_{\text{DM}} \sim Q$, our results show that dark matter can greatly influence the gravitational lensing of central black holes.
2210.00295
Kun Meng
Kun Meng and Shao-Jun Zhang
Gravito-Electromagnetic Perturbations and QNMs of Regular Black Holes
21 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables, references added
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the framework of Einstein's gravity coupled to nonlinear electromagnetic fields, we study gravito-electromagnetic perturbations of magnetic regular black holes. The master equations of perturbations are obtained through Chandrasekhar's procedure, in which gravitational perturbations with odd-parity are coupled to the electromagnetic perturbations with even-parity. As an application, we apply the master equations to obtain quasinormal modes (QNMs) for three types of regular black holes by using numerical method. Results show that QNMs of regular black holes depends significantly on the parameters of the theory and the magnetic charge of the black holes and are very different from that of the Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole. Indications of these results on the stability of these regular black holes are discussed in detail.
[ { "created": "Sat, 1 Oct 2022 14:58:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 8 Oct 2022 14:44:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-10-11
[ [ "Meng", "Kun", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Shao-Jun", "" ] ]
In the framework of Einstein's gravity coupled to nonlinear electromagnetic fields, we study gravito-electromagnetic perturbations of magnetic regular black holes. The master equations of perturbations are obtained through Chandrasekhar's procedure, in which gravitational perturbations with odd-parity are coupled to the electromagnetic perturbations with even-parity. As an application, we apply the master equations to obtain quasinormal modes (QNMs) for three types of regular black holes by using numerical method. Results show that QNMs of regular black holes depends significantly on the parameters of the theory and the magnetic charge of the black holes and are very different from that of the Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole. Indications of these results on the stability of these regular black holes are discussed in detail.
gr-qc/0111035
Gian Paolo Vacca
F. Finelli, G. Marozzi, G. P. Vacca and G. Venturi
Energy-Momentum Tensor of Field Fluctuations in Massive Chaotic Inflation
revtex style, 24 pages, 6 eps figures Numerical checks added and moduli section improved
Phys.Rev.D65:103521,2002
10.1103/PhysRevD.65.103521
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph hep-th
null
We study the renormalized energy-momentum tensor (EMT) of the inflaton fluctuations in rigid space-times during the slow-rollover regime for chaotic inflation with a mass term. We use dimensional regularization with adiabatic subtraction and introduce a novel analytic approximation for the inflaton fluctuations which is valid during the slow-rollover regime. Using this approximation we find a scale invariant spectrum for the inflaton fluctuations in a rigid space-time, and we confirm this result by numerical methods. The resulting renormalized EMT is covariantly conserved and agrees with the Allen-Folacci result in the de Sitter limit, when the expansion is exactly linearly exponential in time. We analytically show that the EMT tensor of the inflaton fluctuations grows initially in time, but saturates to the value H^2 H(0)^2, where H is the Hubble parameter and H(0) is its value when inflation has started. This result also implies that the quantum production of light scalar fields (with mass smaller or equal to the inflaton mass) in this model of chaotic inflation depends on the duration of inflation and is larger than the usual result extrapolated from the de Sitter result.
[ { "created": "Tue, 13 Nov 2001 14:19:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 27 Nov 2001 12:39:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Finelli", "F.", "" ], [ "Marozzi", "G.", "" ], [ "Vacca", "G. P.", "" ], [ "Venturi", "G.", "" ] ]
We study the renormalized energy-momentum tensor (EMT) of the inflaton fluctuations in rigid space-times during the slow-rollover regime for chaotic inflation with a mass term. We use dimensional regularization with adiabatic subtraction and introduce a novel analytic approximation for the inflaton fluctuations which is valid during the slow-rollover regime. Using this approximation we find a scale invariant spectrum for the inflaton fluctuations in a rigid space-time, and we confirm this result by numerical methods. The resulting renormalized EMT is covariantly conserved and agrees with the Allen-Folacci result in the de Sitter limit, when the expansion is exactly linearly exponential in time. We analytically show that the EMT tensor of the inflaton fluctuations grows initially in time, but saturates to the value H^2 H(0)^2, where H is the Hubble parameter and H(0) is its value when inflation has started. This result also implies that the quantum production of light scalar fields (with mass smaller or equal to the inflaton mass) in this model of chaotic inflation depends on the duration of inflation and is larger than the usual result extrapolated from the de Sitter result.
1712.08444
A. Yu. Petrov
J. R. Nascimento, A. Yu. Petrov, P. J. Porfirio
Traversable wormholes in Chern-Simons modified gravity
18 pages, 2 figures, revised version
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we examine the existence of traversable wormhole solutions within the Chern-Simons modified gravity. We find a non-trivial solution in the theory with dynamical Chern-Simons coefficient in the absence of matter sources. This result displays a situation opposite to GR where the matter sources violating the energy conditions are required.
[ { "created": "Fri, 22 Dec 2017 13:53:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 9 Jan 2018 13:52:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-01-10
[ [ "Nascimento", "J. R.", "" ], [ "Petrov", "A. Yu.", "" ], [ "Porfirio", "P. J.", "" ] ]
In this paper, we examine the existence of traversable wormhole solutions within the Chern-Simons modified gravity. We find a non-trivial solution in the theory with dynamical Chern-Simons coefficient in the absence of matter sources. This result displays a situation opposite to GR where the matter sources violating the energy conditions are required.
1212.3699
Shan Bai
Shan Bai, Niall \'O Murchadha
Scaling up the extrinsic curvature in asymptotically flat gravitational initial data: Generating trapped surfaces
10 pages, accepted for publication in CQG
null
10.1088/0264-9381/30/2/025013
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The existence of the initial value constraints means that specifying initial data for the Einstein equations is non-trivial. The standard method of constructing initial data in the asymptotically flat case is to choose an asymptotically flat 3-metric and a transverse-tracefree (TT) tensor on it. One can find a conformal transformation that maps these data into solutions of the constraints. In particular, the TT tensor becomes the extrinsic curvature of the 3-slice. We wish to understand how the physical solution changes as the free data is changed. In this paper we investigate an especially simple change: we multiply the TT tensor by a large constant. One might assume that this corresponds to pumping up the extrinsic curvature in the physical initial data. Unexpectedly, we show that, while the conformal factor monotonically increases, the physical extrinsic curvature decreases. The increase in the conformal factor however means that the physical volume increases in such a way that the ADM mass become unboundedly large. In turn, the blow-up of the mass combined with the control we have on the extrinsic curvature allows us to show that trapped surfaces, i.e., surfaces that are simultaneously future and past trapped, appear in the physical initial data.
[ { "created": "Sat, 15 Dec 2012 16:23:42 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-12
[ [ "Bai", "Shan", "" ], [ "Murchadha", "Niall Ó", "" ] ]
The existence of the initial value constraints means that specifying initial data for the Einstein equations is non-trivial. The standard method of constructing initial data in the asymptotically flat case is to choose an asymptotically flat 3-metric and a transverse-tracefree (TT) tensor on it. One can find a conformal transformation that maps these data into solutions of the constraints. In particular, the TT tensor becomes the extrinsic curvature of the 3-slice. We wish to understand how the physical solution changes as the free data is changed. In this paper we investigate an especially simple change: we multiply the TT tensor by a large constant. One might assume that this corresponds to pumping up the extrinsic curvature in the physical initial data. Unexpectedly, we show that, while the conformal factor monotonically increases, the physical extrinsic curvature decreases. The increase in the conformal factor however means that the physical volume increases in such a way that the ADM mass become unboundedly large. In turn, the blow-up of the mass combined with the control we have on the extrinsic curvature allows us to show that trapped surfaces, i.e., surfaces that are simultaneously future and past trapped, appear in the physical initial data.
2402.11348
Ayan Banerjee
Ayan Banerjee, Sudan Hansraj, Anirudh Pradhan and Abdelghani Errehymy
Is dark energy necessary for the sustainability of traversable wormholes?
18 pages, 10 figures, updated discussion, added references
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the standard approach to studying wormhole geometry, the presence of dark energy is unavoidable to ensure traversability. The dark energy provides the negative gravity effect to keep the throat open. The question we analyse is whether the same can be achieved without dark energy. It turns out that if we couple the trace of energy-momentum with the standard Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian and utilise a sppecific equation of state then dark energy may be obviated. The Casimir stress energy is known to result in the violation of the null energy condition (NEC) on the energy momentum tensor. This phenomenon makes such an equation of state (EoS) an ideal candidate to generate traversable wormhole (WH) geometries. The laboratory proven phenomenon provides a mechanism to sustain an open WH throat without having to appeal to dark energy. We generate two classes of WH solutions with this in $f(R,T)$ gravity theory, where $R$ represents the Ricci scalar and $T$ is the trace of the stress-energy tensor. For the background geometry we choose a static and spherically symmetric metric, and derive the field equations for exact WH solutions. For the specific choice of the Casimir EoS relating the energy-momentum tensor components [ Kar and Sahdev: Phys. Rev D {\bf 52} 2030 (1995)] and different choices for redshift functions, we determine the WH geometry completely. The obtained WH solutions violate the NECs and all qualitative constraints demanded of physically realisable WHs are satisfied. This is demonstrated via graphical plots for a suitably chosen range of values of the $f(R,T)$ coupling parameter. Furthermore, our study involved an investigation into the repulsive effect of gravity, which revealed that its presence leads to a negative deflection angle for photons traveling along null geodesics.
[ { "created": "Sat, 17 Feb 2024 17:51:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 25 Apr 2024 09:17:06 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-04-26
[ [ "Banerjee", "Ayan", "" ], [ "Hansraj", "Sudan", "" ], [ "Pradhan", "Anirudh", "" ], [ "Errehymy", "Abdelghani", "" ] ]
In the standard approach to studying wormhole geometry, the presence of dark energy is unavoidable to ensure traversability. The dark energy provides the negative gravity effect to keep the throat open. The question we analyse is whether the same can be achieved without dark energy. It turns out that if we couple the trace of energy-momentum with the standard Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian and utilise a sppecific equation of state then dark energy may be obviated. The Casimir stress energy is known to result in the violation of the null energy condition (NEC) on the energy momentum tensor. This phenomenon makes such an equation of state (EoS) an ideal candidate to generate traversable wormhole (WH) geometries. The laboratory proven phenomenon provides a mechanism to sustain an open WH throat without having to appeal to dark energy. We generate two classes of WH solutions with this in $f(R,T)$ gravity theory, where $R$ represents the Ricci scalar and $T$ is the trace of the stress-energy tensor. For the background geometry we choose a static and spherically symmetric metric, and derive the field equations for exact WH solutions. For the specific choice of the Casimir EoS relating the energy-momentum tensor components [ Kar and Sahdev: Phys. Rev D {\bf 52} 2030 (1995)] and different choices for redshift functions, we determine the WH geometry completely. The obtained WH solutions violate the NECs and all qualitative constraints demanded of physically realisable WHs are satisfied. This is demonstrated via graphical plots for a suitably chosen range of values of the $f(R,T)$ coupling parameter. Furthermore, our study involved an investigation into the repulsive effect of gravity, which revealed that its presence leads to a negative deflection angle for photons traveling along null geodesics.
gr-qc/9505041
James H. Horne
Douglas M. Eardley, Eric W. Hirschmann, James H. Horne
S-Duality at the Black Hole Threshold in Gravitational Collapse
8 pages of LaTeX, uses style "revtex"; 1 figure, available in archive, or at ftp://ftp.itp.ucsb.edu/figures/nsf-itp-95-15.eps
Phys.Rev.D52:5397-5401,1995
10.1103/PhysRevD.52.R5397
NSF-ITP-95-15 DAMTP-R95/27
gr-qc hep-th
null
We study gravitational collapse of the axion/dilaton field in classical low energy string theory, at the threshold for black hole formation. A new critical solution is derived that is spherically symmetric and continuously self-similar. The universal scaling and echoing behavior discovered by Choptuik in gravitational collapse appear in a somewhat different form. In particular, echoing takes the form of SL(2,R) rotations (cf. S-duality). The collapse leaves behind an outgoing pulse of axion/dilaton radiation, with nearly but not exactly flat spacetime within it.
[ { "created": "Mon, 22 May 1995 18:17:38 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-01-06
[ [ "Eardley", "Douglas M.", "" ], [ "Hirschmann", "Eric W.", "" ], [ "Horne", "James H.", "" ] ]
We study gravitational collapse of the axion/dilaton field in classical low energy string theory, at the threshold for black hole formation. A new critical solution is derived that is spherically symmetric and continuously self-similar. The universal scaling and echoing behavior discovered by Choptuik in gravitational collapse appear in a somewhat different form. In particular, echoing takes the form of SL(2,R) rotations (cf. S-duality). The collapse leaves behind an outgoing pulse of axion/dilaton radiation, with nearly but not exactly flat spacetime within it.
0907.3816
Mustapha Azreg-A\"inou
M Azreg-A\"inou
Comment on `The Newtonian force experienced by a point mass near a finite cylindrical source'
2 pages, LaTeX
Class.Quant.Grav.26:158001,2009
10.1088/0264-9381/26/15/158001
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We compare the computation times and precisions of three expansions for the gravitational potential. The evaluation of the series by Selvaggi et al (2008 \textit{Class. Quantum Grav.} \textbf{25} 015013) is time-consuming to be applied to the gravitational constant ($G$) or STEP experiments.
[ { "created": "Wed, 22 Jul 2009 11:20:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-02
[ [ "Azreg-Aïnou", "M", "" ] ]
We compare the computation times and precisions of three expansions for the gravitational potential. The evaluation of the series by Selvaggi et al (2008 \textit{Class. Quantum Grav.} \textbf{25} 015013) is time-consuming to be applied to the gravitational constant ($G$) or STEP experiments.
1603.00112
Ichiro Oda
Ichiro Oda
Topological Induced Gravity
16 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1602.03478
null
10.1142/S0218271817500237
DPUR/TH/48
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We propose a topological model of induced gravity (pregeometry) where both Newton's coupling constant and the cosmological constant appear as integration constants in solving field equations. The matter sector of a scalar field is also considered, and by solving field equations it is shown that various types of cosmological solutions in the FRW universe can be obtained. A detailed analysis is given of the meaning of the BRST transformations, which make the induced gravity be a topological field theory, by means of the canonical quantization analysis, and the physical reason why such BRST transformations are needed in the present formalism is clarified. Finally, we propose a dynamical mechanism for fixing the Lagrange multiplier fields by following the Higgs mechanism. The present study clearly indicates that the induced gravity can be constructed at the classical level without recourse to quantum fluctuations of matter and suggests an interesting relationship between the induced gravity and the topological quantum field theory.
[ { "created": "Tue, 1 Mar 2016 02:00:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-02-15
[ [ "Oda", "Ichiro", "" ] ]
We propose a topological model of induced gravity (pregeometry) where both Newton's coupling constant and the cosmological constant appear as integration constants in solving field equations. The matter sector of a scalar field is also considered, and by solving field equations it is shown that various types of cosmological solutions in the FRW universe can be obtained. A detailed analysis is given of the meaning of the BRST transformations, which make the induced gravity be a topological field theory, by means of the canonical quantization analysis, and the physical reason why such BRST transformations are needed in the present formalism is clarified. Finally, we propose a dynamical mechanism for fixing the Lagrange multiplier fields by following the Higgs mechanism. The present study clearly indicates that the induced gravity can be constructed at the classical level without recourse to quantum fluctuations of matter and suggests an interesting relationship between the induced gravity and the topological quantum field theory.
gr-qc/0207051
Marcelo S. Berman
Marcelo Samuel Berman and Luis A. Trevisan
Inflationary Lambda-Universe with Time Varying Fundamental Constants
8 pages including front cover
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Barrow, and Barrow and collaborators, have put forward theoretical models with variable fundamental constants including JBD theories. The experimental evidence for an accelerating Universe points out to a deceleration parameter approximately equal to -- 1. On the other hand, there is evidence for a time varying fine structure constant alpha . We have included the above results in a JBD cosmological model modified by J.D. Barrow by including a time varying speed of light, thus, finding an exponential inflationary phase with variables G, alpha and c . This means that the primordial value of alpha was exponentially larger than its present value. Planck`s time may not be then approximately 10 to the power - 43 s ; the same may happen to other Planck`s quantities. We found an exponentially time-decaying Cosmological term.
[ { "created": "Fri, 12 Jul 2002 14:54:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 15 Jul 2002 20:42:22 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 25 Jul 2009 23:58:08 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 27 Jul 2009 23:17:48 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Sat, 8 Aug 2009 13:53:47 GMT", "version": "v5" }, { "created": "Wed, 23 Sep 2009 10:20:29 GMT", "version": "v6" } ]
2009-09-23
[ [ "Berman", "Marcelo Samuel", "" ], [ "Trevisan", "Luis A.", "" ] ]
Barrow, and Barrow and collaborators, have put forward theoretical models with variable fundamental constants including JBD theories. The experimental evidence for an accelerating Universe points out to a deceleration parameter approximately equal to -- 1. On the other hand, there is evidence for a time varying fine structure constant alpha . We have included the above results in a JBD cosmological model modified by J.D. Barrow by including a time varying speed of light, thus, finding an exponential inflationary phase with variables G, alpha and c . This means that the primordial value of alpha was exponentially larger than its present value. Planck`s time may not be then approximately 10 to the power - 43 s ; the same may happen to other Planck`s quantities. We found an exponentially time-decaying Cosmological term.
1108.4519
Kourosh Nozari
Kourosh Nozari and Faeze Kiani
On the cosmological viability of the Hu-Sawicki type modified induced gravity
17 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Phys.Lett.B703:395-401,2011
10.1016/j.physletb.2011.08.020
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It has been shown recently that the normal branch of a DGP braneworld scenario self-accelerates if the induced gravity on the brane is modified in the spirit of $f(R)$ modified gravity. Within this viewpoint, we investigate cosmological viability of the Hu-Sawicki type modified induced gravity. Firstly, we present a dynamical system analysis of a general $f(R)$-DGP model. We show that in the phase space of the model, there exist three standard critical points; one of which is a de Sitter point corresponding to accelerating phase of the universe expansion. The stability of this point depends on the effective equation of state parameter of the curvature fluid. If we consider the curvature fluid to be a canonical scalar field in the equivalent scalar-tensor theory, the mentioned de Sitter phase is unstable, otherwise it is an attractor, stable phase. We show that the effective equation of state parameter of the model realizes an effective phantom-like behavior. A cosmographic analysis shows that this model, which admits a stable de Sitter phase in its expansion history, is a cosmologically viable scenario.
[ { "created": "Tue, 23 Aug 2011 07:55:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-09-27
[ [ "Nozari", "Kourosh", "" ], [ "Kiani", "Faeze", "" ] ]
It has been shown recently that the normal branch of a DGP braneworld scenario self-accelerates if the induced gravity on the brane is modified in the spirit of $f(R)$ modified gravity. Within this viewpoint, we investigate cosmological viability of the Hu-Sawicki type modified induced gravity. Firstly, we present a dynamical system analysis of a general $f(R)$-DGP model. We show that in the phase space of the model, there exist three standard critical points; one of which is a de Sitter point corresponding to accelerating phase of the universe expansion. The stability of this point depends on the effective equation of state parameter of the curvature fluid. If we consider the curvature fluid to be a canonical scalar field in the equivalent scalar-tensor theory, the mentioned de Sitter phase is unstable, otherwise it is an attractor, stable phase. We show that the effective equation of state parameter of the model realizes an effective phantom-like behavior. A cosmographic analysis shows that this model, which admits a stable de Sitter phase in its expansion history, is a cosmologically viable scenario.
2312.03811
Matthew J. Lake Dr
Matthew J. Lake and Marek Miller
Quantum reference frames, revisited
95 pages, including 13 pages of references. 13 figures. Comments welcome
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-ph quant-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The topic of quantum reference frames (QRFs) has attracted a great deal of attention in the recent literature. Potentially, the correct description of such frames is important for both the technological applications of quantum mechanics and for its foundations, including the search for a future theory of quantum gravity. In this letter, we point out potential inconsistencies in the mainstream approach to this subject and propose an alternative definition that avoids these problems. Crucially, we reject the notion that transformations between QRFs can be represented by unitary operators and explain the clear physical reasons for this. An experimental protocol, capable of empirically distinguishing between competing definitions of the term, is also proposed. The implications of the new model, for uncertainty relations, spacetime symmetries, gauge symmetries, the quantisation of gravity, and other foundational issues are discussed, and possible directions for future work in this field are considered.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Dec 2023 18:15:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-12-08
[ [ "Lake", "Matthew J.", "" ], [ "Miller", "Marek", "" ] ]
The topic of quantum reference frames (QRFs) has attracted a great deal of attention in the recent literature. Potentially, the correct description of such frames is important for both the technological applications of quantum mechanics and for its foundations, including the search for a future theory of quantum gravity. In this letter, we point out potential inconsistencies in the mainstream approach to this subject and propose an alternative definition that avoids these problems. Crucially, we reject the notion that transformations between QRFs can be represented by unitary operators and explain the clear physical reasons for this. An experimental protocol, capable of empirically distinguishing between competing definitions of the term, is also proposed. The implications of the new model, for uncertainty relations, spacetime symmetries, gauge symmetries, the quantisation of gravity, and other foundational issues are discussed, and possible directions for future work in this field are considered.
gr-qc/0012001
Spiros Cotsakis
Spiros Cotsakis and John Miritzis
Algebraic integrability of FRW-scalar cosmologies
Research announcement, 2 pages, submitted for publication in the MG9 Proceedings
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
For dynamical systems of dimension three or more the question of integrability or nonintegrability is extended by the possibility of chaotic behaviour in the general solution. We determine the integrability of isotropic cosmological models in general relativity and string theory with a variety of matter terms, by a performance of the Painlev\'{e} analysis in an effort to examine whether or not there exists a Laurent expansion of the solution about a movable pole which contains the number of arbitrary constants necessary for a general solution.
[ { "created": "Fri, 1 Dec 2000 11:29:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Cotsakis", "Spiros", "" ], [ "Miritzis", "John", "" ] ]
For dynamical systems of dimension three or more the question of integrability or nonintegrability is extended by the possibility of chaotic behaviour in the general solution. We determine the integrability of isotropic cosmological models in general relativity and string theory with a variety of matter terms, by a performance of the Painlev\'{e} analysis in an effort to examine whether or not there exists a Laurent expansion of the solution about a movable pole which contains the number of arbitrary constants necessary for a general solution.
gr-qc/0702056
Calvin Smith
Christopher J. Fewster and Calvin J. Smith
Absolute quantum energy inequalities in curved spacetime
31 pages. Corrections and clarifications added. Final version to appear in Ann. H. Poincare
AnnalesHenriPoincare9:425-455,2008
10.1007/s00023-008-0361-0
null
gr-qc
null
Quantum Energy Inequalities (QEIs) are results which limit the extent to which the smeared renormalised energy density of the quantum field can be negative, when averaged along a timelike curve or over a more general timelike submanifold in spacetime. On globally hyperbolic spacetimes the minimally-coupled massive quantum Klein--Gordon field is known to obey a `difference' QEI that depends on a reference state chosen arbitrarily from the class of Hadamard states. In many spacetimes of interest this bound cannot be evaluated explicitly. In this paper we obtain the first `absolute' QEI for the minimally-coupled massive quantum Klein--Gordon field on four dimensional globally hyperbolic spacetimes; that is, a bound which depends only on the local geometry. The argument is an adaptation of that used to prove the difference QEI and utilises the Sobolev wave-front set to give a complete characterisation of the singularities of the Hadamard series. Moreover, the bound is explicit and can be formulated covariantly under additional (general) conditions. We also generalise our results to incorporate adiabatic states.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Feb 2007 12:43:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 22 Feb 2007 17:00:01 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 20 Dec 2007 09:42:54 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Fewster", "Christopher J.", "" ], [ "Smith", "Calvin J.", "" ] ]
Quantum Energy Inequalities (QEIs) are results which limit the extent to which the smeared renormalised energy density of the quantum field can be negative, when averaged along a timelike curve or over a more general timelike submanifold in spacetime. On globally hyperbolic spacetimes the minimally-coupled massive quantum Klein--Gordon field is known to obey a `difference' QEI that depends on a reference state chosen arbitrarily from the class of Hadamard states. In many spacetimes of interest this bound cannot be evaluated explicitly. In this paper we obtain the first `absolute' QEI for the minimally-coupled massive quantum Klein--Gordon field on four dimensional globally hyperbolic spacetimes; that is, a bound which depends only on the local geometry. The argument is an adaptation of that used to prove the difference QEI and utilises the Sobolev wave-front set to give a complete characterisation of the singularities of the Hadamard series. Moreover, the bound is explicit and can be formulated covariantly under additional (general) conditions. We also generalise our results to incorporate adiabatic states.
2209.14484
Stephen Adler
Stephen L. Adler
Equation of state, and atomic electron effective potential, for a Weyl scaling invariant dark energy
10 pages. Sec. I Introduction expanded. Sec. II on w and the figures are new. Secs. III and IV are the original 2208.14484 with minor edits. This posting will be submitted for publication
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A key attribute of dark energy is the equation of state parameter $w={\rm pressure}/{\rm energy~density}$, and this has been recently measured observationally, giving values close to $-1$. In this paper we calculate the $w$ parameter characterizing the novel Weyl scaling invariant dark energy that we have analyzed in a series of papers, and show that it is compatible with experiment. We also derive the atomic electron effective potential induced by dark energy from the electron geodesic equation, which can be applied to the evaluation of energy level shifts in Rydberg atoms.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 Sep 2022 00:30:11 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 21 Feb 2024 20:02:40 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 15 Jun 2024 02:40:30 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2024-06-18
[ [ "Adler", "Stephen L.", "" ] ]
A key attribute of dark energy is the equation of state parameter $w={\rm pressure}/{\rm energy~density}$, and this has been recently measured observationally, giving values close to $-1$. In this paper we calculate the $w$ parameter characterizing the novel Weyl scaling invariant dark energy that we have analyzed in a series of papers, and show that it is compatible with experiment. We also derive the atomic electron effective potential induced by dark energy from the electron geodesic equation, which can be applied to the evaluation of energy level shifts in Rydberg atoms.
1802.09073
Mariafelicia De Laurentis Professor
Mariafelicia De Laurentis
Noether's stars in $f(\cal {R})$ gravity
7 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physics Letter B
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2018.03.001
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Noether Symmetry Approach can be used to construct spherically symmetric solutions in $f({\cal R})$ gravity. Specifically, the Noether conserved quantity is related to the gravitational mass and a gravitational radius that reduces to the Schwarzschild radius in the limit $f({\cal R})\rightarrow {\cal R}$. We show that it is possible to construct the $M-R$ relation for neutron stars depending on the Noether conserved quantity and the associated gravitational radius. This approach enables the recovery of extreme massive stars that could not be stable in the standard Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff based on General Relativity. Examples are given for some power law $f({\cal R})$ gravity models.
[ { "created": "Sun, 25 Feb 2018 20:37:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-04-04
[ [ "De Laurentis", "Mariafelicia", "" ] ]
The Noether Symmetry Approach can be used to construct spherically symmetric solutions in $f({\cal R})$ gravity. Specifically, the Noether conserved quantity is related to the gravitational mass and a gravitational radius that reduces to the Schwarzschild radius in the limit $f({\cal R})\rightarrow {\cal R}$. We show that it is possible to construct the $M-R$ relation for neutron stars depending on the Noether conserved quantity and the associated gravitational radius. This approach enables the recovery of extreme massive stars that could not be stable in the standard Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff based on General Relativity. Examples are given for some power law $f({\cal R})$ gravity models.
gr-qc/9408033
Jorma Louko
Jorma Louko
Chern-Simons functional and the no-boundary proposal in Bianchi IX quantum cosmology
9 pages, REVTeX v3.0. (One reference added.)
Phys.Rev.D51:586-590,1995
10.1103/PhysRevD.51.586
WISC-MILW-94-TH-20
gr-qc hep-th
null
The Chern-Simons functional $S_{\rm CS}$ is an exact solution to the Ashtekar-Hamilton-Jacobi equation of general relativity with a nonzero cosmological constant. In this paper we consider $S_{\rm CS}$ in Bianchi type IX cosmology with $S^3$ spatial surfaces. We show that among the classical solutions generated by~$S_{\rm CS}$, there is a two-parameter family of Euclidean spacetimes that have a regular NUT-type closing. When two of the three scale factors are equal, these spacetimes reduce to a one-parameter family within the Euclidean Taub-NUT-de~Sitter metrics. For a nonzero cosmological constant, $\exp(iS_{\rm CS})$ therefore provides a semiclassical estimate to the Bianchi~IX no-boundary wave function in Ashtekar's variables.
[ { "created": "Fri, 26 Aug 1994 03:22:18 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 15 Feb 1995 01:27:42 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-11-01
[ [ "Louko", "Jorma", "" ] ]
The Chern-Simons functional $S_{\rm CS}$ is an exact solution to the Ashtekar-Hamilton-Jacobi equation of general relativity with a nonzero cosmological constant. In this paper we consider $S_{\rm CS}$ in Bianchi type IX cosmology with $S^3$ spatial surfaces. We show that among the classical solutions generated by~$S_{\rm CS}$, there is a two-parameter family of Euclidean spacetimes that have a regular NUT-type closing. When two of the three scale factors are equal, these spacetimes reduce to a one-parameter family within the Euclidean Taub-NUT-de~Sitter metrics. For a nonzero cosmological constant, $\exp(iS_{\rm CS})$ therefore provides a semiclassical estimate to the Bianchi~IX no-boundary wave function in Ashtekar's variables.
gr-qc/0702133
Yosef Zlochower
Manuela Campanelli, Carlos O. Lousto, Yosef Zlochower, David Merritt
Maximum gravitational recoil
4 pages, 4 figs, revtex4
Phys.Rev.Lett.98:231102,2007
10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.231102
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
Recent calculations of gravitational radiation recoil generated during black-hole binary mergers have reopened the possibility that a merged binary can be ejected even from the nucleus of a massive host galaxy. Here we report the first systematic study of gravitational recoil of equal-mass binaries with equal, but anti-aligned, spins parallel to the orbital plane. Such an orientation of the spins is expected to maximize the recoil. We find that recoil velocity (which is perpendicular to the orbital plane) varies sinusoidally with the angle that the initial spin directions make with the initial linear momenta of each hole and scales up to a maximum of ~4000 km/s for maximally-rotating holes. Our results show that the amplitude of the recoil velocity can depend sensitively on spin orientations of the black holes prior to merger.
[ { "created": "Sun, 25 Feb 2007 20:48:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 27 Feb 2007 23:52:41 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-04-06
[ [ "Campanelli", "Manuela", "" ], [ "Lousto", "Carlos O.", "" ], [ "Zlochower", "Yosef", "" ], [ "Merritt", "David", "" ] ]
Recent calculations of gravitational radiation recoil generated during black-hole binary mergers have reopened the possibility that a merged binary can be ejected even from the nucleus of a massive host galaxy. Here we report the first systematic study of gravitational recoil of equal-mass binaries with equal, but anti-aligned, spins parallel to the orbital plane. Such an orientation of the spins is expected to maximize the recoil. We find that recoil velocity (which is perpendicular to the orbital plane) varies sinusoidally with the angle that the initial spin directions make with the initial linear momenta of each hole and scales up to a maximum of ~4000 km/s for maximally-rotating holes. Our results show that the amplitude of the recoil velocity can depend sensitively on spin orientations of the black holes prior to merger.
gr-qc/0402040
Yuichirou Sekiguchi
Masaru Shibata and Yu-ichirou Sekiguchi
Gravitational waves from axisymmetric rotating stellar core collapse to a neutron star in full general relativity
Phys. Rev. D in press
Phys.Rev.D69:084024,2004
10.1103/PhysRevD.69.084024
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
Axisymmetric numerical simulations of rotating stellar core collapse to a neutron star are performed in the framework of full general relativity. The so-called Cartoon method, in which the Einstein field equations are solved in the Cartesian coordinates and the axisymmetric condition is imposed around the $y=0$ plane, is adopted. The hydrodynamic equations are solved in the cylindrical coordinates (on the $y=0$ plane in the Cartesian coordinates) using a high-resolution shock-capturing scheme with the maximum grid size $(2500,2500)$. A parametric equation of state is adopted to model collapsing stellar cores and neutron stars following Dimmelmeier et al. It is found that the evolution of central density during the collapse, bounce, and formation of protoneutron stars agree well with those in the work of Dimmelmeier et al. in which an approximate general relativistic formulation is adopted. This indicates that such approximation is appropriate for following axisymmetric stellar core collapses and subsequent formation of protoneutron stars. Gravitational waves are computed using a quadrupole formula. It is found that the waveforms are qualitatively in good agreement with those by Dimmelmeier et al. However, quantitatively, two waveforms do not agree well. Possible reasons for the disagreement are discussed.
[ { "created": "Sun, 8 Feb 2004 12:23:13 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-07-18
[ [ "Shibata", "Masaru", "" ], [ "Sekiguchi", "Yu-ichirou", "" ] ]
Axisymmetric numerical simulations of rotating stellar core collapse to a neutron star are performed in the framework of full general relativity. The so-called Cartoon method, in which the Einstein field equations are solved in the Cartesian coordinates and the axisymmetric condition is imposed around the $y=0$ plane, is adopted. The hydrodynamic equations are solved in the cylindrical coordinates (on the $y=0$ plane in the Cartesian coordinates) using a high-resolution shock-capturing scheme with the maximum grid size $(2500,2500)$. A parametric equation of state is adopted to model collapsing stellar cores and neutron stars following Dimmelmeier et al. It is found that the evolution of central density during the collapse, bounce, and formation of protoneutron stars agree well with those in the work of Dimmelmeier et al. in which an approximate general relativistic formulation is adopted. This indicates that such approximation is appropriate for following axisymmetric stellar core collapses and subsequent formation of protoneutron stars. Gravitational waves are computed using a quadrupole formula. It is found that the waveforms are qualitatively in good agreement with those by Dimmelmeier et al. However, quantitatively, two waveforms do not agree well. Possible reasons for the disagreement are discussed.
2311.03315
Indranil Chakraborty
Soumya Bhattacharya, Debanjan Bose, Indranil Chakraborty, Arpan Hait, and Subhendra Mohanty
Gravitational memory signal from neutrino self-interactions in supernova
12 pages, 3 figures, comments are welcome
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Neutrinos with large self-interactions, arising from exchange of light scalars or vectors with mass $M_\phi\simeq 10{\rm MeV}$, can play a useful role in cosmology for structure formation and solving the Hubble tension. It has been proposed that large self-interactions of neutrinos may change the observed properties of supernova like the neutrino luminosity or the duration of the neutrino burst. In this paper, we study the gravitational wave memory signal arising from supernova neutrinos. Our results reveal that memory signal for self-interacting neutrinos are weaker than free-streaming neutrinos in the high frequency range. Implications for detecting and differentiating between such signals for planned space-borne detectors, DECIGO and BBO, are also discussed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 6 Nov 2023 18:08:19 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-11-07
[ [ "Bhattacharya", "Soumya", "" ], [ "Bose", "Debanjan", "" ], [ "Chakraborty", "Indranil", "" ], [ "Hait", "Arpan", "" ], [ "Mohanty", "Subhendra", "" ] ]
Neutrinos with large self-interactions, arising from exchange of light scalars or vectors with mass $M_\phi\simeq 10{\rm MeV}$, can play a useful role in cosmology for structure formation and solving the Hubble tension. It has been proposed that large self-interactions of neutrinos may change the observed properties of supernova like the neutrino luminosity or the duration of the neutrino burst. In this paper, we study the gravitational wave memory signal arising from supernova neutrinos. Our results reveal that memory signal for self-interacting neutrinos are weaker than free-streaming neutrinos in the high frequency range. Implications for detecting and differentiating between such signals for planned space-borne detectors, DECIGO and BBO, are also discussed.
2210.09254
Jamie Bamber
Jamie Bamber, Josu C. Aurrekoetxea, Katy Clough, Pedro G. Ferreira
Black hole merger simulations in wave dark matter environments
9 pages, 5 figures, 1 appendix, 2 movies: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSkfizpQDrcb8Zd7C9yEfnMpnKQk7I9ts Comments welcome!
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.024035
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The interaction of binary black hole mergers with their environments can be studied using numerical relativity simulations. These start only a short finite time before merger, at which point appropriate initial conditions must be imposed. A key task is therefore to identify the configuration that is appropriate for the binary and its environment at this stage of the evolution. In this work we study the behaviour of wave dark matter around equal mass black hole binaries, finding that there is a preferred, quasi-stationary profile that persists and grows over multiple orbits, in contrast to heavier mass dark matter where any overdensity tends to be dispersed by the binary motion. Whilst different initial configurations converge to the preferred quasi-stationary one after several orbits, unwanted transient oscillations are generated in the process, which may impact on the signal in short simulation runs. We also point out that naively superimposing the matter onto a circular binary results in artificially eccentric orbits due to the matter backreaction, which is an effect of the initial conditions and not a signature of dark matter. We discuss the further work required so that comparison of waveforms obtained with environments to vacuum cases can be done in a meaningful way.
[ { "created": "Mon, 17 Oct 2022 16:51:13 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-02-08
[ [ "Bamber", "Jamie", "" ], [ "Aurrekoetxea", "Josu C.", "" ], [ "Clough", "Katy", "" ], [ "Ferreira", "Pedro G.", "" ] ]
The interaction of binary black hole mergers with their environments can be studied using numerical relativity simulations. These start only a short finite time before merger, at which point appropriate initial conditions must be imposed. A key task is therefore to identify the configuration that is appropriate for the binary and its environment at this stage of the evolution. In this work we study the behaviour of wave dark matter around equal mass black hole binaries, finding that there is a preferred, quasi-stationary profile that persists and grows over multiple orbits, in contrast to heavier mass dark matter where any overdensity tends to be dispersed by the binary motion. Whilst different initial configurations converge to the preferred quasi-stationary one after several orbits, unwanted transient oscillations are generated in the process, which may impact on the signal in short simulation runs. We also point out that naively superimposing the matter onto a circular binary results in artificially eccentric orbits due to the matter backreaction, which is an effect of the initial conditions and not a signature of dark matter. We discuss the further work required so that comparison of waveforms obtained with environments to vacuum cases can be done in a meaningful way.
gr-qc/0501106
Victor Varela
V. Varela
Neutral perfect fluids of Majumdar-type in general relativity
9 pages
Gen.Rel.Grav. 37 (2005) 1769-1777
10.1007/s10714-005-0157-1
null
gr-qc
null
We consider the extension of the Majumdar-type class of static solutions for the Einstein-Maxwell equations, proposed by Ida to include charged perfect fluid sources. We impose the equation of state $\rho+3p=0$ and discuss spherically symmetric solutions for the linear potential equation satisfied by the metric. In this particular case the fluid charge density vanishes and we locate the arising neutral perfect fluid in the intermediate region defined by two thin shells with respective charges $Q$ and $-Q$. With its innermost flat and external (Schwarzschild) asymptotically flat spacetime regions, the resultant condenser-like geometries resemble solutions discussed by Cohen and Cohen in a different context. We explore this relationship and point out an exotic gravitational property of our neutral perfect fluid. We mention possible continuations of this study to embrace non-spherically symmetric situations and higher dimensional spacetimes.
[ { "created": "Mon, 31 Jan 2005 20:07:44 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Varela", "V.", "" ] ]
We consider the extension of the Majumdar-type class of static solutions for the Einstein-Maxwell equations, proposed by Ida to include charged perfect fluid sources. We impose the equation of state $\rho+3p=0$ and discuss spherically symmetric solutions for the linear potential equation satisfied by the metric. In this particular case the fluid charge density vanishes and we locate the arising neutral perfect fluid in the intermediate region defined by two thin shells with respective charges $Q$ and $-Q$. With its innermost flat and external (Schwarzschild) asymptotically flat spacetime regions, the resultant condenser-like geometries resemble solutions discussed by Cohen and Cohen in a different context. We explore this relationship and point out an exotic gravitational property of our neutral perfect fluid. We mention possible continuations of this study to embrace non-spherically symmetric situations and higher dimensional spacetimes.
2112.02654
Pierre-Henri Chavanis
Pierre-Henri Chavanis
The self-gravitating Fermi gas in Newtonian gravity and general relativity
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We review the history of the self-gravitating Fermi gas in Newtonian gravity and general relativity. We mention applications to white dwarfs, neutron stars and dark matter halos. We describe the nature of instabilities and phase transitions in the self-gravitating Fermi gas as energy (microcanonical ensemble) or temperature (canonical ensemble) is reduced. When $N<N_{\rm OV}$, where $N_{\rm OV}$ is the Oppenheimer-Volkoff critical particle number, the self-gravitating Fermi gas experiences a gravothermal catastrophe at $E_c$ stopped by quantum mechanics (Pauli's exclusion principle). The equilibrium state has a core-halo structure made of a quantum core (degenerate fermion ball) surrounded by a classical isothermal halo. When $N>N_{\rm OV}$, a new turning point appears at an energy $E"_c$ below which the system experiences a gravitational collapse towards a black hole [P.H. Chavanis, G. Alberti, Phys. Lett. B 801, 135155 (2020)]. When $N_{\rm OV}<N<N'_*$, the self-gravitating Fermi gas experiences a gravothermal catastrophe at $E_c$ leading to a fermion ball, then a gravitational collapse at $E''_c$ leading to a black hole. When $N>N'_*$, the condensed branch disappears and the instability at $E_c$ directly leads to a black hole. We discuss implications of these results for dark matter halos made of massive neutrinos.
[ { "created": "Sun, 5 Dec 2021 19:05:04 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-12-07
[ [ "Chavanis", "Pierre-Henri", "" ] ]
We review the history of the self-gravitating Fermi gas in Newtonian gravity and general relativity. We mention applications to white dwarfs, neutron stars and dark matter halos. We describe the nature of instabilities and phase transitions in the self-gravitating Fermi gas as energy (microcanonical ensemble) or temperature (canonical ensemble) is reduced. When $N<N_{\rm OV}$, where $N_{\rm OV}$ is the Oppenheimer-Volkoff critical particle number, the self-gravitating Fermi gas experiences a gravothermal catastrophe at $E_c$ stopped by quantum mechanics (Pauli's exclusion principle). The equilibrium state has a core-halo structure made of a quantum core (degenerate fermion ball) surrounded by a classical isothermal halo. When $N>N_{\rm OV}$, a new turning point appears at an energy $E"_c$ below which the system experiences a gravitational collapse towards a black hole [P.H. Chavanis, G. Alberti, Phys. Lett. B 801, 135155 (2020)]. When $N_{\rm OV}<N<N'_*$, the self-gravitating Fermi gas experiences a gravothermal catastrophe at $E_c$ leading to a fermion ball, then a gravitational collapse at $E''_c$ leading to a black hole. When $N>N'_*$, the condensed branch disappears and the instability at $E_c$ directly leads to a black hole. We discuss implications of these results for dark matter halos made of massive neutrinos.
1606.08183
Li-E Qiang
Li-E Qiang
Secular Gravity Gradients in Non-Dynamical Chern-Simons Modified Gravity for Satellite Gradiometry Measurements
11 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
With continuous advances in related technologies, relativistic gravitational experiments with orbiting gradiometers becomes feasible, which could naturally be incorporated into future satellite gravity missions. Tests of Chern-Simons modified gravity are meaningful since such a modification gives us insights into (possible) parity-violations in gravitation. In this work, we derive, at the post-Newtonian level, the new observables of secular gradients from the non-dynamical Chern-Simons modified gravity, which will greatly improve the constraint on the mass scale $M_{CS}$ that may be drawn from satellite gradiometry measurements. For superconducting gradiometers, a strong bound $M_{CS}\geq 10^{-7}\ eV$ could in principle be obtained. For future optical gradiometers based on similar technologies from the LISA PathFinder mission, a even stronger bound $M_{CS}\geq 10^{-6}\sim 10^{-5}\ eV$ might be expected.
[ { "created": "Mon, 27 Jun 2016 09:59:44 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 29 Jun 2016 03:46:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-06-30
[ [ "Qiang", "Li-E", "" ] ]
With continuous advances in related technologies, relativistic gravitational experiments with orbiting gradiometers becomes feasible, which could naturally be incorporated into future satellite gravity missions. Tests of Chern-Simons modified gravity are meaningful since such a modification gives us insights into (possible) parity-violations in gravitation. In this work, we derive, at the post-Newtonian level, the new observables of secular gradients from the non-dynamical Chern-Simons modified gravity, which will greatly improve the constraint on the mass scale $M_{CS}$ that may be drawn from satellite gradiometry measurements. For superconducting gradiometers, a strong bound $M_{CS}\geq 10^{-7}\ eV$ could in principle be obtained. For future optical gradiometers based on similar technologies from the LISA PathFinder mission, a even stronger bound $M_{CS}\geq 10^{-6}\sim 10^{-5}\ eV$ might be expected.
0709.1400
Orchidea Maria Lecian
O. M. Lecian, G. Montani
Dark Energy as a Relic of the Vacuum-Energy Cancellation?
24 pages, 2 figures, to appear on IJMPD
Int.J.Mod.Phys.D17:111-133,2008
10.1142/S0218271808011900
null
gr-qc
null
We analyze the dynamical implications of an exponential Lagrangian density for the gravitational field, as referred to an isotropic FRW Universe. Then, we discuss the features of the generalized deSitter phase, predicted by the new Friedmann equation. The existence of a consistent deSitter solution arises only if the ratio between the vacuum-energy density and that associated with the fundamental length of the theory acquires a tantalizing negative character. This choice allows us to explain the present universe dark energy as a relic of the vacuum-energy cancellation due to the cosmological constant intrinsically contained in our scheme. The corresponding scalar-tensor description of the model is addressed too, and the behavior of the scalar field is analyzed for both negative and positive values of the cosmological term. In the first case, the Friedmann equation is studied both in vacuum and in presence of external matter, while, in the second case, the quantum regime is approached in the framework of ''repulsive'' properties of the gravitational interaction, as described in recent issues in Loop Quantum Cosmology. In particular, in the vacuum case, we find a pure non-Einsteinian effect, according to which a negative cosmological constant provides an accelerating deSitter dynamics, in the region where the series expansion of the exponential term does not hold.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 Sep 2007 14:01:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Lecian", "O. M.", "" ], [ "Montani", "G.", "" ] ]
We analyze the dynamical implications of an exponential Lagrangian density for the gravitational field, as referred to an isotropic FRW Universe. Then, we discuss the features of the generalized deSitter phase, predicted by the new Friedmann equation. The existence of a consistent deSitter solution arises only if the ratio between the vacuum-energy density and that associated with the fundamental length of the theory acquires a tantalizing negative character. This choice allows us to explain the present universe dark energy as a relic of the vacuum-energy cancellation due to the cosmological constant intrinsically contained in our scheme. The corresponding scalar-tensor description of the model is addressed too, and the behavior of the scalar field is analyzed for both negative and positive values of the cosmological term. In the first case, the Friedmann equation is studied both in vacuum and in presence of external matter, while, in the second case, the quantum regime is approached in the framework of ''repulsive'' properties of the gravitational interaction, as described in recent issues in Loop Quantum Cosmology. In particular, in the vacuum case, we find a pure non-Einsteinian effect, according to which a negative cosmological constant provides an accelerating deSitter dynamics, in the region where the series expansion of the exponential term does not hold.
1306.0374
Domenico Giulini J.W.
Domenico Giulini
Does cosmological expansion affect local physics?
39 pages, 6 figures. Based on a talk delivered at the conference on "Philosophical Aspects of Modern Cosmology", held in Granada, 22-23 September 2011. In version 2 references were added and updated. Also, a new final subsection on "black-hole cosmology" was added
Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics Volume 46, Part A, May 2014, Pages 24-37
10.1016/j.shpsb.2013.09.009
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this contribution I wish to address the question whether, and how, the global cosmological expansion influences local physics. I argue that a pseudo Newtonian picture can be quite accurate if "expansion" is taken to be an attribute of the inertial structure rather than of "space" in some substantivalist sense. This contradicts the often-heard suggestion to imagine cosmological expansion as that of "space itself". Regarding General Relativity, I emphasise the need for proper geometric characterisations in order to meaningfully compare localised systems in different spacetimes, like black holes in static and expanding environments. Examples of this sort are discussed in some detail to clearly map out the problems.
[ { "created": "Mon, 3 Jun 2013 12:11:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 3 Oct 2013 13:00:23 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-09-10
[ [ "Giulini", "Domenico", "" ] ]
In this contribution I wish to address the question whether, and how, the global cosmological expansion influences local physics. I argue that a pseudo Newtonian picture can be quite accurate if "expansion" is taken to be an attribute of the inertial structure rather than of "space" in some substantivalist sense. This contradicts the often-heard suggestion to imagine cosmological expansion as that of "space itself". Regarding General Relativity, I emphasise the need for proper geometric characterisations in order to meaningfully compare localised systems in different spacetimes, like black holes in static and expanding environments. Examples of this sort are discussed in some detail to clearly map out the problems.
0907.4146
Theodore A. Jacobson
Ted Jacobson and Thomas P. Sotiriou
Over-spinning a black hole with a test body
4 pages; v2: reference added, incorporates the missed case of an oblate test body, which appears with the published version only as an erratum, other minor edits (with respect to v1)
Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 141101 (2009); 103, 209903(E) (2009)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.141101
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It has long been known that a maximally spinning black hole can not be over-spun by tossing in a test body. Here we show that if instead the black hole starts out with below maximal spin, then indeed over-spinning can be achieved when adding either orbital or spin angular momentum. We find that requirements on the size and internal structure of the test body can be met as well. Our analysis neglects radiative and self-force effects,which may prevent the over-spinning.
[ { "created": "Thu, 23 Jul 2009 19:56:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 1 Dec 2009 22:58:20 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-12-02
[ [ "Jacobson", "Ted", "" ], [ "Sotiriou", "Thomas P.", "" ] ]
It has long been known that a maximally spinning black hole can not be over-spun by tossing in a test body. Here we show that if instead the black hole starts out with below maximal spin, then indeed over-spinning can be achieved when adding either orbital or spin angular momentum. We find that requirements on the size and internal structure of the test body can be met as well. Our analysis neglects radiative and self-force effects,which may prevent the over-spinning.
gr-qc/9610050
null
Cristian Martinez, Jorge Zanelli
Back-reaction of a conformal field on a three-dimensional black hole
12 pages, RevTeX, no figures
Phys.Rev. D55 (1997) 3642-3646
10.1103/PhysRevD.55.3642
null
gr-qc
null
The first order corrections to the geometry of the (2+1)-dimensional black hole due to back-reaction of a massless conformal scalar field are computed. The renormalized stress energy tensor used as the source of Einstein equations is computed with the Green function for the black-hole background with transparent boundary conditions. This tensor has the same functional form as the one found in the nonperturbative case which can be exactly solved. Thus, a static, circularly symmetric and asymptotically anti-de Sitter black hole solution of the semiclassical equations is found. The corrections to the thermodynamic quantities are also computed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 22 Oct 1996 22:12:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Martinez", "Cristian", "" ], [ "Zanelli", "Jorge", "" ] ]
The first order corrections to the geometry of the (2+1)-dimensional black hole due to back-reaction of a massless conformal scalar field are computed. The renormalized stress energy tensor used as the source of Einstein equations is computed with the Green function for the black-hole background with transparent boundary conditions. This tensor has the same functional form as the one found in the nonperturbative case which can be exactly solved. Thus, a static, circularly symmetric and asymptotically anti-de Sitter black hole solution of the semiclassical equations is found. The corrections to the thermodynamic quantities are also computed.
gr-qc/0205070
Victor Hugo Cardenas
Victor H. Cardenas
Protecting the Holographic Principle: Inflation
10 pages, 2 figures. To appear in Physics Letter B
null
null
UCV-IF 02/03
gr-qc astro-ph
null
A scenario where inflation emerges as a response to protect the holographic principle is described. A two fluid model in a closed universe inflation picture is assumed, and a possible explanation for secondary exponential expansion phases as those currently observed is given.
[ { "created": "Thu, 16 May 2002 13:32:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 9 Apr 2003 19:17:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Cardenas", "Victor H.", "" ] ]
A scenario where inflation emerges as a response to protect the holographic principle is described. A two fluid model in a closed universe inflation picture is assumed, and a possible explanation for secondary exponential expansion phases as those currently observed is given.
gr-qc/9608022
Hideo Kodama
Hideo Kodama(Yukawa Institute) and Takashi Hamazaki(Dept. of Phys., Kyoto University)
Evolution of cosmological perturbations in a stage dominated by an oscillatory scalar field
Revised version, 23 pages, no figure, plain LaTeX, minor errors in some equations are corrected, no change in the main results and the conclusion
Prog.Theor.Phys. 96 (1996) 949-970
10.1143/PTP.96.949
YITP-96-28, KUNS 1406
gr-qc
null
In the investigation of the evolution of cosmological perturbations in inflationary universe models the behavior of perturbations during the reheating stage is the most unclear point. In particular in the early reheating phase in which a rapidly oscillating scalar field dominates the energy density, the behavior of perturbations are not known well because their evolution equation expressed in terms of the curvature perturbation becomes singular. In this paper it is shown that in spite of this singular behavior of the evolution equation the Bardeen parameter stays constant in a good accuracy during this stage for superhorizon-scale perturbations except for a sequence of negligibly short intervals around the zero points of the time derivative of the scalar field. This justifies the conventional formula relating the amplitudes of quantum fluctuations during inflation and those of adiabatic perturbations at horizon crossing in the Friedmann stage, except for possible corrections produced by the energy transfer from the scalar field to radiation in the late stage of reheating. It is further shown that outside the above sequence of time intervals the behavior of the perturbations coincides in a good accuracy with that for a perfect fluid system obtained from the original scalar field system by the WKB approximation and a spacetime averaging over a Hubble horizon scale.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Aug 1996 07:56:40 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 27 Sep 1996 07:11:49 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Kodama", "Hideo", "", "Yukawa Institute" ], [ "Hamazaki", "Takashi", "", "Dept. of Phys.,\n Kyoto University" ] ]
In the investigation of the evolution of cosmological perturbations in inflationary universe models the behavior of perturbations during the reheating stage is the most unclear point. In particular in the early reheating phase in which a rapidly oscillating scalar field dominates the energy density, the behavior of perturbations are not known well because their evolution equation expressed in terms of the curvature perturbation becomes singular. In this paper it is shown that in spite of this singular behavior of the evolution equation the Bardeen parameter stays constant in a good accuracy during this stage for superhorizon-scale perturbations except for a sequence of negligibly short intervals around the zero points of the time derivative of the scalar field. This justifies the conventional formula relating the amplitudes of quantum fluctuations during inflation and those of adiabatic perturbations at horizon crossing in the Friedmann stage, except for possible corrections produced by the energy transfer from the scalar field to radiation in the late stage of reheating. It is further shown that outside the above sequence of time intervals the behavior of the perturbations coincides in a good accuracy with that for a perfect fluid system obtained from the original scalar field system by the WKB approximation and a spacetime averaging over a Hubble horizon scale.
2007.00026
Ufuk Aydemir
Ufuk Aydemir
Primordial Black-Hole Mimicker in Quadratic Gravity as Dark Matter
24 pages, 3 figures. Invited talk at Corfu Summer Institute 2019 "School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity" (CORFU2019), 31 August - 25 September 2019, Corfu, Greece. Based mainly on arXiv:2003.10682; slightly different presentation and some complementary remarks
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.HE hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We discuss the astrophysical and cosmological implications of having primordial thermal 2-2-hole remnants as dark matter. Thermal 2-2-holes emanate in quadratic gravity as horizonless classical solutions for ultracompact distributions of relativistic thermal gas. In contrast to a large 2-2-hole that imitates the thermodynamic behaviour of a black hole, a small 2-2-hole at late stages of evaporation behaves as a stable remnant with the mass approaching a minimal value. These remnants as all dark matter can satisfy the corresponding observational constraints provided that both the formation and remnant masses are relatively small. The parameter space for the remnant mass is probed through possible remnant mergers that would produce strong fluxes of high-energy astrophysical particles; the high-energy photon and neutrino data appear to favor towards the Planck-mass remnants, pointing to the strong-coupling scenario for the quantum theory of quadratic gravity. The formation mass, on the other hand, is constrained by the early-universe cosmology, which turns out to require 2-2-holes to evolve into the remnant state before Big Bang Nucleosynthesis.
[ { "created": "Tue, 30 Jun 2020 18:01:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-07-02
[ [ "Aydemir", "Ufuk", "" ] ]
We discuss the astrophysical and cosmological implications of having primordial thermal 2-2-hole remnants as dark matter. Thermal 2-2-holes emanate in quadratic gravity as horizonless classical solutions for ultracompact distributions of relativistic thermal gas. In contrast to a large 2-2-hole that imitates the thermodynamic behaviour of a black hole, a small 2-2-hole at late stages of evaporation behaves as a stable remnant with the mass approaching a minimal value. These remnants as all dark matter can satisfy the corresponding observational constraints provided that both the formation and remnant masses are relatively small. The parameter space for the remnant mass is probed through possible remnant mergers that would produce strong fluxes of high-energy astrophysical particles; the high-energy photon and neutrino data appear to favor towards the Planck-mass remnants, pointing to the strong-coupling scenario for the quantum theory of quadratic gravity. The formation mass, on the other hand, is constrained by the early-universe cosmology, which turns out to require 2-2-holes to evolve into the remnant state before Big Bang Nucleosynthesis.
1312.2279
Viktor G. Czinner
Viktor G. Czinner
Thick Dirac-Nambu-Goto branes on black hole backgrounds
4 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of the Spanish Relativity Meeting in Portugal ERE2012
Progress in Mathematical Relativity, Gravitation and Cosmology, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics Volume 60, 2014, pp 223-226
10.1007/978-3-642-40157-2_28
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Thickness corrections to static, axisymmetric Dirac-Nambu-Goto branes embedded into spherically symmetric black hole spacetimes with arbitrary number of dimensions are studied. First, by applying a perturbative approximation, it is found that the thick solutions deviate significantly in their analytic properties from the thin ones near the axis of the system, and perturbative approaches around the thin configurations can not provide regular thick solutions above a certain dimension. For the general case, a non-perturbative, numerical approach is applied and regular solutions are obtained for arbitrary brane and bulk dimensions. As a special case, it has been found that 2-dimensional branes are exceptional, as they share their analytic properties with the thin branes rather than the thick solutions of all other dimensions.
[ { "created": "Sun, 8 Dec 2013 23:26:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-12-13
[ [ "Czinner", "Viktor G.", "" ] ]
Thickness corrections to static, axisymmetric Dirac-Nambu-Goto branes embedded into spherically symmetric black hole spacetimes with arbitrary number of dimensions are studied. First, by applying a perturbative approximation, it is found that the thick solutions deviate significantly in their analytic properties from the thin ones near the axis of the system, and perturbative approaches around the thin configurations can not provide regular thick solutions above a certain dimension. For the general case, a non-perturbative, numerical approach is applied and regular solutions are obtained for arbitrary brane and bulk dimensions. As a special case, it has been found that 2-dimensional branes are exceptional, as they share their analytic properties with the thin branes rather than the thick solutions of all other dimensions.
gr-qc/9812024
Don Marolf
Domenico Giulini and Donald Marolf
On the Generality of Refined Algebraic Quantization
12 pages, no figures, ReVTeX, some changes in presentation, some references added
Class.Quant.Grav.16:2479-2488,1999
10.1088/0264-9381/16/7/321
ZU-TH-98/20
gr-qc
null
The Dirac quantization `procedure' for constrained systems is well known to have many subtleties and ambiguities. Within this ill-defined framework, we explore the generality of a particular interpretation of the Dirac procedure known as refined algebraic quantization. We find technical conditions under which refined algebraic quantization can reproduce the general implementation of the Dirac scheme for systems whose constraints form a Lie algebra with structure constants. The main result is that, under appropriate conditions, the choice of an inner product on the physical states is equivalent to the choice of a ``rigging map'' in refined algebraic quantization.
[ { "created": "Mon, 7 Dec 1998 14:17:44 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 31 May 1999 20:13:22 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Giulini", "Domenico", "" ], [ "Marolf", "Donald", "" ] ]
The Dirac quantization `procedure' for constrained systems is well known to have many subtleties and ambiguities. Within this ill-defined framework, we explore the generality of a particular interpretation of the Dirac procedure known as refined algebraic quantization. We find technical conditions under which refined algebraic quantization can reproduce the general implementation of the Dirac scheme for systems whose constraints form a Lie algebra with structure constants. The main result is that, under appropriate conditions, the choice of an inner product on the physical states is equivalent to the choice of a ``rigging map'' in refined algebraic quantization.
2302.00229
Zu-Cheng Chen
Yu-Mei Wu, Zu-Cheng Chen, Qing-Guo Huang
Search for Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background from Massive Gravity in the NANOGrav 12.5-Year Data Set
7 pages, 2 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.042003
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.GA astro-ph.HE hep-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Gravitational waves offer a new window to probe the nature of gravity, including answering if the mediating particle, graviton, has a non-zero mass or not. Pulsar timing arrays measure stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) at $\sim1-100$~nanohertz. Recently, the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) collaboration reported an uncorrelated common-spectrum process in their 12.5-year data set with no substantial evidence that the process comes from the SGWB predicted by general relativity. In this work, we explore the possibility of an SGWB from massive gravity in the data set and find that a massless graviton is preferred because of the relatively larger Bayes factor. Without statistically significant evidence for dispersion-related correlations predicted by massive gravity, we place upper limits on the amplitude of the SGWB for graviton mass smaller than $10^{-23}$~eV as $A_{\rm{MG}}<3.21\times 10^{-15}$ at $95\%$ confidence level.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Feb 2023 04:19:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-03-01
[ [ "Wu", "Yu-Mei", "" ], [ "Chen", "Zu-Cheng", "" ], [ "Huang", "Qing-Guo", "" ] ]
Gravitational waves offer a new window to probe the nature of gravity, including answering if the mediating particle, graviton, has a non-zero mass or not. Pulsar timing arrays measure stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) at $\sim1-100$~nanohertz. Recently, the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) collaboration reported an uncorrelated common-spectrum process in their 12.5-year data set with no substantial evidence that the process comes from the SGWB predicted by general relativity. In this work, we explore the possibility of an SGWB from massive gravity in the data set and find that a massless graviton is preferred because of the relatively larger Bayes factor. Without statistically significant evidence for dispersion-related correlations predicted by massive gravity, we place upper limits on the amplitude of the SGWB for graviton mass smaller than $10^{-23}$~eV as $A_{\rm{MG}}<3.21\times 10^{-15}$ at $95\%$ confidence level.
1306.5974
P. A. Gonzalez
Ramon Becar, P. A. Gonzalez and Y. Vasquez
Dirac quasinormal modes of Chern-Simons and BTZ black holes with torsion
Version accepted for publication in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 89, 023001 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.89.023001
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study Chern-Simons black holes in d-dimensions and we calculate analytically the quasinormal modes of fermionic perturbations. Also, we consider as background the five-dimensional Chern-Simons black hole with torsion and the BTZ black hole with torsion. We have found that the quasinormal modes depend on the highest power of curvature present in the Chern-Simons theory, such as occurs for the quasinormal modes of scalar perturbations. We also show that the effect of the torsion is to modify the real part of the quasinormal frequencies, which modify the oscillation frequency of the field for the five dimensional case. However, for the BTZ black hole with torsion, the effect is to modify the imaginary part of these frequencies, that is, the relaxation time for the decay of the black hole perturbation. The imaginary part of the quasinormal frequencies is negative which guaranties the stability of these black holes under fermionic field perturbations.
[ { "created": "Tue, 25 Jun 2013 14:14:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 21 Jul 2013 01:35:36 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 8 Dec 2013 15:01:32 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2014-01-15
[ [ "Becar", "Ramon", "" ], [ "Gonzalez", "P. A.", "" ], [ "Vasquez", "Y.", "" ] ]
We study Chern-Simons black holes in d-dimensions and we calculate analytically the quasinormal modes of fermionic perturbations. Also, we consider as background the five-dimensional Chern-Simons black hole with torsion and the BTZ black hole with torsion. We have found that the quasinormal modes depend on the highest power of curvature present in the Chern-Simons theory, such as occurs for the quasinormal modes of scalar perturbations. We also show that the effect of the torsion is to modify the real part of the quasinormal frequencies, which modify the oscillation frequency of the field for the five dimensional case. However, for the BTZ black hole with torsion, the effect is to modify the imaginary part of these frequencies, that is, the relaxation time for the decay of the black hole perturbation. The imaginary part of the quasinormal frequencies is negative which guaranties the stability of these black holes under fermionic field perturbations.
gr-qc/0309098
Diego Pavon
German Izquierdo and Diego Pavon
Mini Black Holes and the Relic Gravitational Waves Spectrum
19 pages, 2 figures. To be published in section D of the Physical Review
Phys.Rev. D68 (2003) 124005
10.1103/PhysRevD.68.124005
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph
null
In this paper we explore the impact of an era -right after reheating- dominated by mini black holes and radiation on the spectrum of the relic gravitational waves. This era may lower the spectrum several orders of magnitude.
[ { "created": "Fri, 19 Sep 2003 13:45:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Izquierdo", "German", "" ], [ "Pavon", "Diego", "" ] ]
In this paper we explore the impact of an era -right after reheating- dominated by mini black holes and radiation on the spectrum of the relic gravitational waves. This era may lower the spectrum several orders of magnitude.
gr-qc/9404038
Hans-Juergen Schmidt
Hans - Juergen Schmidt
Stability and Hamiltonian formulation of higher derivative theories
38 pages, LaTeX, no figures, Phys. Rev. D 49 (1994) 6354; the Erratum Phys. Rev. D 54 (1996) 7906 clarifies that a spatially flat Friedmann model need not be geodesically complete even if the scale factor a(t) is positive and smooth for all real values of the synchronized time t
Phys.Rev.D49:6354,1994; Erratum-ibid.D54:7906,1996; Phys.Rev.D54:7906,1996
10.1103/PhysRevD.49.6354 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.7906
null
gr-qc
null
We analyze the presumptions which lead to instabilities in theories of order higher than second. That type of fourth order gravity which leads to an inflationary (quasi de Sitter) period of cosmic evolution by inclusion of one curvature squared term (i.e. the Starobinsky model) is used as an example. The corresponding Hamiltonian formulation (which is necessary for deducing the Wheeler de Witt equation) is found both in the Ostrogradski approach and in another form. As an example, a closed form solution of the Wheeler de Witt equation for a spatially flat Friedmann model and L=R\sp 2 is found. The method proposed by Simon to bring fourth order gravity to second order can be (if suitably generalized) applied to bring sixth order gravity to second order. In the Erratum we show that a spatially flat Friedmann model need not be geodesically complete even if the scale factor a(t) is positive and smooth for all real values of the synchronized time t.
[ { "created": "Tue, 19 Apr 1994 16:30:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 3 Mar 1997 13:51:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Schmidt", "Hans - Juergen", "" ] ]
We analyze the presumptions which lead to instabilities in theories of order higher than second. That type of fourth order gravity which leads to an inflationary (quasi de Sitter) period of cosmic evolution by inclusion of one curvature squared term (i.e. the Starobinsky model) is used as an example. The corresponding Hamiltonian formulation (which is necessary for deducing the Wheeler de Witt equation) is found both in the Ostrogradski approach and in another form. As an example, a closed form solution of the Wheeler de Witt equation for a spatially flat Friedmann model and L=R\sp 2 is found. The method proposed by Simon to bring fourth order gravity to second order can be (if suitably generalized) applied to bring sixth order gravity to second order. In the Erratum we show that a spatially flat Friedmann model need not be geodesically complete even if the scale factor a(t) is positive and smooth for all real values of the synchronized time t.
gr-qc/0304031
Huguet Eric
T. Garidi, E. Huguet, J. Renaud
De Sitter Waves and the Zero Curvature Limit
9 pages, latex no figure, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev. D67 (2003) 124028
10.1103/PhysRevD.67.124028
null
gr-qc
null
We show that a particular set of global modes for the massive de Sitter scalar field (the de Sitter waves) allows to manage the group representations and the Fourier transform in the flat (Minkowskian) limit. This is in opposition to the usual acceptance based on a previous result, suggesting the appearance of negative energy in the limit process. This method also confirms that the Euclidean vacuum, in de Sitter spacetime, has to be preferred as far as one wishes to recover ordinary QFT in the flat limit.
[ { "created": "Mon, 7 Apr 2003 10:51:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Garidi", "T.", "" ], [ "Huguet", "E.", "" ], [ "Renaud", "J.", "" ] ]
We show that a particular set of global modes for the massive de Sitter scalar field (the de Sitter waves) allows to manage the group representations and the Fourier transform in the flat (Minkowskian) limit. This is in opposition to the usual acceptance based on a previous result, suggesting the appearance of negative energy in the limit process. This method also confirms that the Euclidean vacuum, in de Sitter spacetime, has to be preferred as far as one wishes to recover ordinary QFT in the flat limit.
2010.07059
Marc Geiller
Marc Geiller, Etera R. Livine, Francesco Sartini
Symmetries of the Black Hole Interior and Singularity Regularization
46 pages, 6 figures
SciPost Phys. 10, 022 (2021)
10.21468/SciPostPhys.10.1.022
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We reveal an $\mathfrak{iso}(2,1)$ Poincar\'e algebra of conserved charges associated with the dynamics of the interior of black holes. The action of these Noether charges integrates to a symmetry of the gravitational system under the Poincar\'e group ISO$(2,1)$, which allows to describe the evolution of the geometry inside the black hole in terms of geodesics and horocycles of AdS${}_2$. At the Lagrangian level, this symmetry corresponds to M\"obius transformations of the proper time together with translations. Remarkably, this is a physical symmetry changing the state of the system, which also naturally forms a subgroup of the much larger $\textrm{BMS}_{3}=\textrm{Diff}(S^1)\ltimes\textrm{Vect}(S^1)$ group, where $S^1$ is the compactified time axis. It is intriguing to discover this structure for the black hole interior, and this hints at a fundamental role of BMS symmetry for black hole physics. The existence of this symmetry provides a powerful criterion to discriminate between different regularization and quantization schemes. Following loop quantum cosmology, we identify a regularized set of variables and Hamiltonian for the black hole interior, which allows to resolve the singularity in a black-to-white hole transition while preserving the Poincar\'e symmetry on phase space. This unravels new aspects of symmetry for black holes, and opens the way towards a rigorous group quantization of the interior.
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Oct 2020 13:07:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 15 Jan 2021 13:56:04 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-02-01
[ [ "Geiller", "Marc", "" ], [ "Livine", "Etera R.", "" ], [ "Sartini", "Francesco", "" ] ]
We reveal an $\mathfrak{iso}(2,1)$ Poincar\'e algebra of conserved charges associated with the dynamics of the interior of black holes. The action of these Noether charges integrates to a symmetry of the gravitational system under the Poincar\'e group ISO$(2,1)$, which allows to describe the evolution of the geometry inside the black hole in terms of geodesics and horocycles of AdS${}_2$. At the Lagrangian level, this symmetry corresponds to M\"obius transformations of the proper time together with translations. Remarkably, this is a physical symmetry changing the state of the system, which also naturally forms a subgroup of the much larger $\textrm{BMS}_{3}=\textrm{Diff}(S^1)\ltimes\textrm{Vect}(S^1)$ group, where $S^1$ is the compactified time axis. It is intriguing to discover this structure for the black hole interior, and this hints at a fundamental role of BMS symmetry for black hole physics. The existence of this symmetry provides a powerful criterion to discriminate between different regularization and quantization schemes. Following loop quantum cosmology, we identify a regularized set of variables and Hamiltonian for the black hole interior, which allows to resolve the singularity in a black-to-white hole transition while preserving the Poincar\'e symmetry on phase space. This unravels new aspects of symmetry for black holes, and opens the way towards a rigorous group quantization of the interior.
gr-qc/0703038
Sigbjorn Hervik
S Hervik, R J van den Hoogen, W C Lim and A A Coley
Late-time behaviour of the tilted Bianchi type VIh models
35 pages, 14 figures; v2:added more comments and refs, typos corrected
Class.Quant.Grav.24:3859-3896,2007
10.1088/0264-9381/24/15/007
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
We study tilted perfect fluid cosmological models with a constant equation of state parameter in spatially homogeneous models of Bianchi type VI_h using dynamical systems methods and numerical experimentation, with an emphasis on their future asymptotic evolution. We determine all of the equilibrium points of the type VI_h state space (which correspond to exact self-similar solutions of the Einstein equations, some of which are new), and their stability is investigated. We find that there are vacuum plane-wave solutions that act as future attractors. In the parameter space, a `loophole' is shown to exist in which there are no stable equilibrium points. We then show that a Hopf-bifurcation can occur resulting in a stable closed orbit (which we refer to as the Mussel attractor) corresponding to points both inside the loophole and points just outside the loophole; in the former case the closed curves act as late-time attractors while in the latter case these attracting curves will co-exist with attracting equilibrium points. In the special Bianchi type III case, centre manifold theory is required to determine the future attractors. Comprehensive numerical experiments are carried out to complement and confirm the analytical results presented. We note that the Bianchi type VI_h case is of particular interest in that it contains many different subcases which exhibit many of the different possible future asymptotic behaviours of Bianchi cosmological models.
[ { "created": "Tue, 6 Mar 2007 13:55:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 18 Jul 2007 14:04:49 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Hervik", "S", "" ], [ "Hoogen", "R J van den", "" ], [ "Lim", "W C", "" ], [ "Coley", "A A", "" ] ]
We study tilted perfect fluid cosmological models with a constant equation of state parameter in spatially homogeneous models of Bianchi type VI_h using dynamical systems methods and numerical experimentation, with an emphasis on their future asymptotic evolution. We determine all of the equilibrium points of the type VI_h state space (which correspond to exact self-similar solutions of the Einstein equations, some of which are new), and their stability is investigated. We find that there are vacuum plane-wave solutions that act as future attractors. In the parameter space, a `loophole' is shown to exist in which there are no stable equilibrium points. We then show that a Hopf-bifurcation can occur resulting in a stable closed orbit (which we refer to as the Mussel attractor) corresponding to points both inside the loophole and points just outside the loophole; in the former case the closed curves act as late-time attractors while in the latter case these attracting curves will co-exist with attracting equilibrium points. In the special Bianchi type III case, centre manifold theory is required to determine the future attractors. Comprehensive numerical experiments are carried out to complement and confirm the analytical results presented. We note that the Bianchi type VI_h case is of particular interest in that it contains many different subcases which exhibit many of the different possible future asymptotic behaviours of Bianchi cosmological models.
1004.1973
Arturo Stabile
A. Stabile
The Post-Newtonian Limit of f(R)-gravity in the Harmonic Gauge
16 pages, 10 figures
Phys.Rev.D82:064021,2010
10.1103/PhysRevD.82.064021
null
gr-qc astro-ph.EP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A general analytic procedure is developed for the post-Newtonian limit of $f(R)$-gravity with metric approach in the Jordan frame by using the harmonic gauge condition. In a pure perturbative framework and by using the Green function method a general scheme of solutions up to $(v/c)^4$ order is shown. Considering the Taylor expansion of a generic function $f$ it is possible to parameterize the solutions by derivatives of $f$. At Newtonian order, $(v/c)^2$, all more important topics about the Gauss and Birkhoff theorem are discussed. The corrections to "standard" gravitational potential ($tt$-component of metric tensor) generated by an extended uniform mass ball-like source are calculated up to $(v/c)^4$ order. The corrections, Yukawa and oscillating-like, are found inside and outside the mass distribution. At last when the limit $f\rightarrow R$ is considered the $f(R)$-gravity converges in General Relativity at level of Lagrangian, field equations and their solutions.
[ { "created": "Mon, 12 Apr 2010 14:34:20 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 1 Jun 2010 20:16:12 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-11-20
[ [ "Stabile", "A.", "" ] ]
A general analytic procedure is developed for the post-Newtonian limit of $f(R)$-gravity with metric approach in the Jordan frame by using the harmonic gauge condition. In a pure perturbative framework and by using the Green function method a general scheme of solutions up to $(v/c)^4$ order is shown. Considering the Taylor expansion of a generic function $f$ it is possible to parameterize the solutions by derivatives of $f$. At Newtonian order, $(v/c)^2$, all more important topics about the Gauss and Birkhoff theorem are discussed. The corrections to "standard" gravitational potential ($tt$-component of metric tensor) generated by an extended uniform mass ball-like source are calculated up to $(v/c)^4$ order. The corrections, Yukawa and oscillating-like, are found inside and outside the mass distribution. At last when the limit $f\rightarrow R$ is considered the $f(R)$-gravity converges in General Relativity at level of Lagrangian, field equations and their solutions.
gr-qc/0606100
Xiao-Gang Wen
Zheng-Cheng Gu and Xiao-Gang Wen
A lattice bosonic model as a quantum theory of gravity
4 pages. RevTeX4. Homepage http://dao.mit.edu/~wen
null
null
null
gr-qc cond-mat.str-el hep-th
null
A local quantum bosonic model on a lattice is constructed whose low energy excitations are gravitons described by linearized Einstein action. Thus the bosonic model is a quantum theory of gravity, at least at the linear level. We find that the compactification and the discretization of metric tenor are crucial in obtaining a quantum theory of gravity.
[ { "created": "Fri, 23 Jun 2006 00:15:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Gu", "Zheng-Cheng", "" ], [ "Wen", "Xiao-Gang", "" ] ]
A local quantum bosonic model on a lattice is constructed whose low energy excitations are gravitons described by linearized Einstein action. Thus the bosonic model is a quantum theory of gravity, at least at the linear level. We find that the compactification and the discretization of metric tenor are crucial in obtaining a quantum theory of gravity.
1508.01402
Raul Vera
Borja Reina and Ra\"ul Vera
On the mass of rotating stars in Newtonian gravity and GR
11 pages, uses iopart style and a custom bibtex style
null
10.1088/0264-9381/33/1/017001
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We show how the correction to the calculation of the mass in the original relativistic model of a rotating star by Hartle [6], found recently [10], appears in the Newtonian limit, and that the correcting term is indeed present, albeit hidden, in the original Newtonian approach by Chandrasekhar [2].
[ { "created": "Thu, 6 Aug 2015 13:55:12 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-12-16
[ [ "Reina", "Borja", "" ], [ "Vera", "Raül", "" ] ]
We show how the correction to the calculation of the mass in the original relativistic model of a rotating star by Hartle [6], found recently [10], appears in the Newtonian limit, and that the correcting term is indeed present, albeit hidden, in the original Newtonian approach by Chandrasekhar [2].