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1206.5029
Gil de Oliveira-Neto
G. Oliveira-Neto, G. A. Monerat, E. V. Corr\^ea Silva, C. Neves and L. G. Ferreira Filho
Quantum noncomutativity in quantum cosmology
7 pages and no figures. Modifications in the introduction and references
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the present work, we study the noncommutative version of a quantum cosmology model. The model has a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker geometry, the matter content is a radiative perfect fluid and the spatial sections have positive constant curvatures. We work in the Schutz's variational formalism. We quantize the model and obtain the appropriate Wheeler-DeWitt equation. In this model the states are bounded. Therefore, we compute the discrete energy spectrum and the corresponding eigenfunctions. The energies depend on a noncommutative parameter ($\theta$). The solutions to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation are function of the scale factor ($a$) and a time variable ($\tau$), associated to the fluid. They also depend on an integer ($n$) and $\theta$. The most general solution ($\Psi(a,\tau)$) to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation is a sum, in the integer $n$, of the solutions mentioned above. We observe that, there is no $\Psi(a,\tau)$ satisfying the appropriate boundary conditions. Therefore, we conclude that it is not possible to obtain a wavefunction satisfying the appropriate boundary conditions for the present model with the considered noncommutativity.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Jun 2012 22:40:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 31 Oct 2014 18:21:33 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 3 May 2016 21:52:28 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2016-05-05
[ [ "Oliveira-Neto", "G.", "" ], [ "Monerat", "G. A.", "" ], [ "Silva", "E. V. Corrêa", "" ], [ "Neves", "C.", "" ], [ "Filho", "L. G. Ferreira", "" ] ]
In the present work, we study the noncommutative version of a quantum cosmology model. The model has a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker geometry, the matter content is a radiative perfect fluid and the spatial sections have positive constant curvatures. We work in the Schutz's variational formalism. We quantize the model and obtain the appropriate Wheeler-DeWitt equation. In this model the states are bounded. Therefore, we compute the discrete energy spectrum and the corresponding eigenfunctions. The energies depend on a noncommutative parameter ($\theta$). The solutions to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation are function of the scale factor ($a$) and a time variable ($\tau$), associated to the fluid. They also depend on an integer ($n$) and $\theta$. The most general solution ($\Psi(a,\tau)$) to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation is a sum, in the integer $n$, of the solutions mentioned above. We observe that, there is no $\Psi(a,\tau)$ satisfying the appropriate boundary conditions. Therefore, we conclude that it is not possible to obtain a wavefunction satisfying the appropriate boundary conditions for the present model with the considered noncommutativity.
gr-qc/0211001
Matt Visser
Nicolas Yunes (Washington University in Saint Louis) and Matt Visser (Victoria University of Wellington)
Power laws, scale invariance, and generalized Frobenius series: Applications to Newtonian and TOV stars near criticality
35 pages; IJMPA style file
Int.J.Mod.Phys. A18 (2003) 3433-3468
10.1142/S0217751X03013892
null
gr-qc
null
We present a self-contained formalism for analyzing scale invariant differential equations. We first cast the scale invariant model into its equidimensional and autonomous forms, find its fixed points, and then obtain power-law background solutions. After linearizing about these fixed points, we find a second linearized solution, which provides a distinct collection of power laws characterizing the deviations from the fixed point. We prove that generically there will be a region surrounding the fixed point in which the complete general solution can be represented as a generalized Frobenius-like power series with exponents that are integer multiples of the exponents arising in the linearized problem. This Frobenius-like series can be viewed as a variant of Liapunov's expansion theorem. As specific examples we apply these ideas to Newtonian and relativistic isothermal stars and demonstrate (both numerically and analytically) that the solution exhibits oscillatory power-law behaviour as the star approaches the point of collapse. These series solutions extend classical results. (Lane, Emden, and Chandrasekhar in the Newtonian case; Harrison, Thorne, Wakano, and Wheeler in the relativistic case.) We also indicate how to extend these ideas to situations where fixed points may not exist -- either due to ``monotone'' flow or due to the presence of limit cycles. Monotone flow generically leads to logarithmic deviations from scaling, while limit cycles generally lead to discrete self-similar solutions.
[ { "created": "Thu, 31 Oct 2002 23:18:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Yunes", "Nicolas", "", "Washington University in Saint Louis" ], [ "Visser", "Matt", "", "Victoria University of Wellington" ] ]
We present a self-contained formalism for analyzing scale invariant differential equations. We first cast the scale invariant model into its equidimensional and autonomous forms, find its fixed points, and then obtain power-law background solutions. After linearizing about these fixed points, we find a second linearized solution, which provides a distinct collection of power laws characterizing the deviations from the fixed point. We prove that generically there will be a region surrounding the fixed point in which the complete general solution can be represented as a generalized Frobenius-like power series with exponents that are integer multiples of the exponents arising in the linearized problem. This Frobenius-like series can be viewed as a variant of Liapunov's expansion theorem. As specific examples we apply these ideas to Newtonian and relativistic isothermal stars and demonstrate (both numerically and analytically) that the solution exhibits oscillatory power-law behaviour as the star approaches the point of collapse. These series solutions extend classical results. (Lane, Emden, and Chandrasekhar in the Newtonian case; Harrison, Thorne, Wakano, and Wheeler in the relativistic case.) We also indicate how to extend these ideas to situations where fixed points may not exist -- either due to ``monotone'' flow or due to the presence of limit cycles. Monotone flow generically leads to logarithmic deviations from scaling, while limit cycles generally lead to discrete self-similar solutions.
1609.05636
Tiberiu Harko
Bogdan D\u{a}nil\u{a}, Tiberiu Harko, Man Kwong Mak, Praiboon Pantaragphong, Sorin Sabau
Jacobi stability analysis of scalar field models with minimal coupling to gravity in a cosmological background
24 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Advances in High Energy Physics, special issue "Dark Physics in the Early Universe"
Advances in High Energy Physics, 2016, 7521464 (2016)
10.1155/2016/7521464
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We perform the study of the stability of the cosmological scalar field models, by using the Jacobi stability analysis, or the Kosambi-Cartan-Chern (KCC) theory. In the KCC approach we describe the time evolution of the scalar field cosmologies in geometric terms, by performing a "second geometrization", by considering them as paths of a semispray. By introducing a non-linear connection and a Berwald type connection associated to the Friedmann and Klein-Gordon equations, five geometrical invariants can be constructed, with the second invariant giving the Jacobi stability of the cosmological model. We obtain all the relevant geometric quantities, and we formulate the condition of the Jacobi stability for scalar field cosmologies in the second order formalism. As an application of the developed methods we consider the Jacobi stability properties of the scalar fields with exponential and Higgs type potential. We find that the Universe dominated by a scalar field exponential potential is in Jacobi unstable state, while the cosmological evolution in the presence of Higgs fields has alternating stable and unstable phases. By using the standard first order formulation of the cosmological models as dynamical systems we have investigated the stability of the phantom quintessence and tachyonic scalar fields, by lifting the first order system to the tangent bundle. It turns out that in the presence of a power law potential both these models are Jacobi unstable during the entire cosmological evolution.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Sep 2016 08:46:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-10-31
[ [ "Dănilă", "Bogdan", "" ], [ "Harko", "Tiberiu", "" ], [ "Mak", "Man Kwong", "" ], [ "Pantaragphong", "Praiboon", "" ], [ "Sabau", "Sorin", "" ] ]
We perform the study of the stability of the cosmological scalar field models, by using the Jacobi stability analysis, or the Kosambi-Cartan-Chern (KCC) theory. In the KCC approach we describe the time evolution of the scalar field cosmologies in geometric terms, by performing a "second geometrization", by considering them as paths of a semispray. By introducing a non-linear connection and a Berwald type connection associated to the Friedmann and Klein-Gordon equations, five geometrical invariants can be constructed, with the second invariant giving the Jacobi stability of the cosmological model. We obtain all the relevant geometric quantities, and we formulate the condition of the Jacobi stability for scalar field cosmologies in the second order formalism. As an application of the developed methods we consider the Jacobi stability properties of the scalar fields with exponential and Higgs type potential. We find that the Universe dominated by a scalar field exponential potential is in Jacobi unstable state, while the cosmological evolution in the presence of Higgs fields has alternating stable and unstable phases. By using the standard first order formulation of the cosmological models as dynamical systems we have investigated the stability of the phantom quintessence and tachyonic scalar fields, by lifting the first order system to the tangent bundle. It turns out that in the presence of a power law potential both these models are Jacobi unstable during the entire cosmological evolution.
2305.15503
Jiangtao Wang
B. Q. Wang, S. R. Wu
Echoes of the regularized dilatonic black hole
Lack of graphical analysis
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In present work, the evolution of scalar field and electromagnetic field under the background of the regularized dilatonic black bounces spacetimes are investigated, we obtain an obvious echoes signal which appropriately reports the properties of regularized dilatonic black bounces spacetimes and disclose the physical reasons behind such phenomena. By studying the quasinormal ringdown of the three states of regularized dilatonic black bounces spacetimes, it shows that the echoes signal only appears when $b>2k$.
[ { "created": "Wed, 24 May 2023 18:44:45 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 29 Jan 2024 12:26:47 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-01-30
[ [ "Wang", "B. Q.", "" ], [ "Wu", "S. R.", "" ] ]
In present work, the evolution of scalar field and electromagnetic field under the background of the regularized dilatonic black bounces spacetimes are investigated, we obtain an obvious echoes signal which appropriately reports the properties of regularized dilatonic black bounces spacetimes and disclose the physical reasons behind such phenomena. By studying the quasinormal ringdown of the three states of regularized dilatonic black bounces spacetimes, it shows that the echoes signal only appears when $b>2k$.
2310.19706
Zachary Nasipak
Zachary Nasipak
BHPWAVE: An adiabatic gravitational waveform model for compact objects undergoing quasi-circular inspirals into rotating massive black holes
24 pages, 17 figures, 2 tables
Phys. Rev. D 109, 044020 (2024)
10.1103/PhysRevD.109.044020
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present {bhpwave}: a new Python-based, open-source tool for generating the gravitational waveforms of stellar-mass compact objects undergoing quasi-circular inspirals into rotating massive black holes. These binaries, known as extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs), are exciting mHz gravitational wave sources for future space-based detectors such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). Relativistic models of EMRI gravitational wave signals are necessary to unlock the full scientific potential of mHz detectors, yet few open-source EMRI waveform models exist. Thus we built {bhpwave}, which uses the adiabatic approximation from black hole perturbation theory to rapidly construct gravitational waveforms based on the leading-order inspiral dynamics of the binary. In this work, we present the theoretical and numerical foundations underpinning {bhpwave}. We also demonstrate how {bhpwave} can be used to assess the impact of EMRI modeling errors on LISA gravitational wave data analysis. In particular, we find that for retrograde orbits and slowly-spinning black holes we can mismodel the gravitational wave phasing by as much as $\sim 10$ radians without significantly biasing EMRI parameter estimation.
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Oct 2023 16:33:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 7 Mar 2024 01:45:23 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-03-08
[ [ "Nasipak", "Zachary", "" ] ]
We present {bhpwave}: a new Python-based, open-source tool for generating the gravitational waveforms of stellar-mass compact objects undergoing quasi-circular inspirals into rotating massive black holes. These binaries, known as extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs), are exciting mHz gravitational wave sources for future space-based detectors such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). Relativistic models of EMRI gravitational wave signals are necessary to unlock the full scientific potential of mHz detectors, yet few open-source EMRI waveform models exist. Thus we built {bhpwave}, which uses the adiabatic approximation from black hole perturbation theory to rapidly construct gravitational waveforms based on the leading-order inspiral dynamics of the binary. In this work, we present the theoretical and numerical foundations underpinning {bhpwave}. We also demonstrate how {bhpwave} can be used to assess the impact of EMRI modeling errors on LISA gravitational wave data analysis. In particular, we find that for retrograde orbits and slowly-spinning black holes we can mismodel the gravitational wave phasing by as much as $\sim 10$ radians without significantly biasing EMRI parameter estimation.
gr-qc/9609009
Kim Sang Pyo
Sang Pyo Kim
Coherent State Representation of Semiclassical Quantum Gravity
10 Pages, ReVTeX, No figures
J.Korean Phys.Soc.30:349,1997
null
SNUTP 96-089, KNUTH-34
gr-qc
null
We elaborate the recently introduced asymptotically exact semiclassical quantum gravity derived from the Wheeler-DeWitt equation by finding a particular coherent state representation of a quantum scalar field in which the back-reaction of the scalar field Hamiltonian exactly gives rise to the classical one. In this coherent state representation classical spacetime emerges naturally from semiclassical quantum gravity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 2 Sep 1996 07:46:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-08-17
[ [ "Kim", "Sang Pyo", "" ] ]
We elaborate the recently introduced asymptotically exact semiclassical quantum gravity derived from the Wheeler-DeWitt equation by finding a particular coherent state representation of a quantum scalar field in which the back-reaction of the scalar field Hamiltonian exactly gives rise to the classical one. In this coherent state representation classical spacetime emerges naturally from semiclassical quantum gravity.
1004.4885
Philippe G. LeFloch
Florian Beyer and Philippe G. LeFloch
Second-order hyperbolic Fuchsian systems. General theory
32 pages. A shortened version of the material presented in this preprint is published in: F. Beyer and P.G. LeFloch, Second-order hyperbolic Fuchsian systems and applications, Class. Quantum Grav. 27 (2010), 245012
null
null
null
gr-qc math.AP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We introduce a class of singular partial differential equations, the second-order hyperbolic Fuchsian systems, and we investigate the associated initial value problem when data are imposed on the singularity. First of all, we analyze a class of equations in which hyperbolicity is not assumed and we construct asymptotic solutions of arbitrary order. Second, for the proposed class of second-order hyperbolic Fuchsian systems, we establish the existence of solutions with prescribed asymptotic behavior on the singularity. Our proof is based on a new scheme which is also suitable to design numerical approximations. Furthermore, as shown in a follow-up paper, the second-order Fuchsian framework is appropriate to handle Einstein's field equations for Gowdy symmetric spacetimes and allows us to recover (and slightly generalize) earlier results by Rendall and collaborators, while providing a direct approach leading to accurate numerical solutions. The proposed framework is also robust enough to encompass matter models arising in general relativity.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Apr 2010 18:58:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 10 Jan 2011 20:46:26 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-03-17
[ [ "Beyer", "Florian", "" ], [ "LeFloch", "Philippe G.", "" ] ]
We introduce a class of singular partial differential equations, the second-order hyperbolic Fuchsian systems, and we investigate the associated initial value problem when data are imposed on the singularity. First of all, we analyze a class of equations in which hyperbolicity is not assumed and we construct asymptotic solutions of arbitrary order. Second, for the proposed class of second-order hyperbolic Fuchsian systems, we establish the existence of solutions with prescribed asymptotic behavior on the singularity. Our proof is based on a new scheme which is also suitable to design numerical approximations. Furthermore, as shown in a follow-up paper, the second-order Fuchsian framework is appropriate to handle Einstein's field equations for Gowdy symmetric spacetimes and allows us to recover (and slightly generalize) earlier results by Rendall and collaborators, while providing a direct approach leading to accurate numerical solutions. The proposed framework is also robust enough to encompass matter models arising in general relativity.
1204.0872
Wei-Tou Ni
Wei-Tou Ni, Hsien-Hao Mei and Shan-Jyun Wu
Foundations of Classical Electrodynamics, Equivalence Principle and Cosmic Interactions: A Short Exposition and an Update
15 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables. Plenary talk at First LeCosPA Symposium: Towards Ultimate Understanding of the Universe(LeCosPA2012), National Taiwan University, Taipei, ROC, February 6-9, 2012
Modern Physics Letters A, Vol. 28, No. 3 (2013) 1340013
10.1142/S0217732313400130
null
gr-qc hep-ph physics.class-ph quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We look at the foundations of electromagnetism in this 1st LeCosPA Symposium. For doing this, after some review (constraints on photon mass etc.), we use two approaches. The first one is to formulate a Parametrized Post-Maxwellian (PPM) framework to include QED corrections and a pseudoscalar photon interaction. PPM framework includes lowest corrections to unified electromagnetism-gravity theories based on connection approach. It may also overlap with corrections implemented from generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) when electromagnetism-gravity coupling is considered. We discuss various vacuum birefringence experiments - ongoing and proposed - to measure these parameters. The second approach - the chi-g framework is to look at electromagnetism in gravity and various experiments and observations to determine its empirical foundation. The SME (Standard Model Extension) and SMS (Standard Model Supplement) overlap with the chi-g framework in their photon sector. We found that the foundation is solid with the only exception of a potentially possible pseudoscalar-photon interaction. We discussed its experimental constraints and look forward to more future experiments.
[ { "created": "Wed, 4 Apr 2012 06:22:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-01-11
[ [ "Ni", "Wei-Tou", "" ], [ "Mei", "Hsien-Hao", "" ], [ "Wu", "Shan-Jyun", "" ] ]
We look at the foundations of electromagnetism in this 1st LeCosPA Symposium. For doing this, after some review (constraints on photon mass etc.), we use two approaches. The first one is to formulate a Parametrized Post-Maxwellian (PPM) framework to include QED corrections and a pseudoscalar photon interaction. PPM framework includes lowest corrections to unified electromagnetism-gravity theories based on connection approach. It may also overlap with corrections implemented from generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) when electromagnetism-gravity coupling is considered. We discuss various vacuum birefringence experiments - ongoing and proposed - to measure these parameters. The second approach - the chi-g framework is to look at electromagnetism in gravity and various experiments and observations to determine its empirical foundation. The SME (Standard Model Extension) and SMS (Standard Model Supplement) overlap with the chi-g framework in their photon sector. We found that the foundation is solid with the only exception of a potentially possible pseudoscalar-photon interaction. We discussed its experimental constraints and look forward to more future experiments.
2301.07250
Rodrigo Gonzalez Quaglia
R. Gonzalez Quaglia
An early and late times dynamical analysis of a scale invariant gravitational model with a vector scalar interaction: the isotropic case
26 pages, 8 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Scalar fields are widely and popularly used in cosmology in order to explain different phenomena among which, inflation and dark energy are two of the most popular ones. Specifically, in recent years, scale invariance in the gravitational sector has gained interest due to its simplicity, ability to model inflation and the dynamical generation of the Planck scale. In this paper, motivated by a non minimally coupled scale invariant $R^{2}$ gravitational model originally proposed by M.Rinaldi and L. Vanzo, we investigate how the inclusion of a vector scalar interaction that respects the scale invariance of the original model may affect the early and late time dynamics. We employ dynamical analysis tools in order to find the fixed points of the system and the local solutions for each variable around each fixed point finding out that the early universe solution of the extended model is compatible with that found in the original model with the exception of a new unstable fixed point appearing in the extended model. This new fixed point however has the same linealized solutions as the unstable fixed point found for the original model. We later employ numerical calculations in order to check that the analytical approach holds. Furthermore we show how the dynamical generation of the Planck mass is unaffected by the new field content of the model. Finally, we motivate and investigate a reduced version of the extended model finding out that, at late times, the extended model has only stable de Sitter fixed points where the scalar field becomes constant taking the role of the cosmological constant and the vector field is washed out.
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 Jan 2023 01:23:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-01-19
[ [ "Quaglia", "R. Gonzalez", "" ] ]
Scalar fields are widely and popularly used in cosmology in order to explain different phenomena among which, inflation and dark energy are two of the most popular ones. Specifically, in recent years, scale invariance in the gravitational sector has gained interest due to its simplicity, ability to model inflation and the dynamical generation of the Planck scale. In this paper, motivated by a non minimally coupled scale invariant $R^{2}$ gravitational model originally proposed by M.Rinaldi and L. Vanzo, we investigate how the inclusion of a vector scalar interaction that respects the scale invariance of the original model may affect the early and late time dynamics. We employ dynamical analysis tools in order to find the fixed points of the system and the local solutions for each variable around each fixed point finding out that the early universe solution of the extended model is compatible with that found in the original model with the exception of a new unstable fixed point appearing in the extended model. This new fixed point however has the same linealized solutions as the unstable fixed point found for the original model. We later employ numerical calculations in order to check that the analytical approach holds. Furthermore we show how the dynamical generation of the Planck mass is unaffected by the new field content of the model. Finally, we motivate and investigate a reduced version of the extended model finding out that, at late times, the extended model has only stable de Sitter fixed points where the scalar field becomes constant taking the role of the cosmological constant and the vector field is washed out.
gr-qc/9711016
Steve Brandt
S. R. Brandt, K. Camarda, E. Seidel
Three Dimensional Distorted Black Holes: Initial Data and Evolution
3 pages, 2 postscript figures, LaTeX, uses mprocl.sty (available at http://shemesh.fiz.huji.ac.il/MG8/submission.html) To appear in the proceedings of the Marcel Grossmann 8 (Jerusalem, 1997)
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
We present a new class of 3D black hole initial data sets for numerical relativity. These data sets go beyond the axisymmetric, ``gravity wave plus rotating black hole'' single black hole data sets by creating a dynamic, distorted hole with adjustable distortion parameters in 3D. These data sets extend our existing test beds for 3D numerical relativity, representing the late stages of binary black hole collisions resulting from on-axis collision or 3D spiralling coalescence, and should provide insight into the physics of such systems. We describe the construction of these sets, the properties for a number of example cases, and report on progress evolving them.
[ { "created": "Thu, 6 Nov 1997 07:40:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 11 Mar 1998 08:25:44 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Brandt", "S. R.", "" ], [ "Camarda", "K.", "" ], [ "Seidel", "E.", "" ] ]
We present a new class of 3D black hole initial data sets for numerical relativity. These data sets go beyond the axisymmetric, ``gravity wave plus rotating black hole'' single black hole data sets by creating a dynamic, distorted hole with adjustable distortion parameters in 3D. These data sets extend our existing test beds for 3D numerical relativity, representing the late stages of binary black hole collisions resulting from on-axis collision or 3D spiralling coalescence, and should provide insight into the physics of such systems. We describe the construction of these sets, the properties for a number of example cases, and report on progress evolving them.
1212.4847
Istvan Racz
Andr\'as L\'aszl\'o, Istv\'an R\'acz
Superradiance or total reflection?
8 pages, 6 figures, contribution to the proceedings of the conference on Relativity and Gravitation: 100 Years after Einstein in Prague
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Numerical evolution of massless scalar fields on Kerr background is studied. The initial data specifications are chosen to have compact support separated from the ergoregion and to yield nearly monochromatic incident wave packets. The initial data is also tuned to maximize the effect of superradiance. Evidences are shown indicating that instead of the anticipated energy extraction from black hole the incident radiation fail to reach the ergoregion rather it suffers a nearly perfect reflection.
[ { "created": "Wed, 19 Dec 2012 21:01:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-12-21
[ [ "László", "András", "" ], [ "Rácz", "István", "" ] ]
Numerical evolution of massless scalar fields on Kerr background is studied. The initial data specifications are chosen to have compact support separated from the ergoregion and to yield nearly monochromatic incident wave packets. The initial data is also tuned to maximize the effect of superradiance. Evidences are shown indicating that instead of the anticipated energy extraction from black hole the incident radiation fail to reach the ergoregion rather it suffers a nearly perfect reflection.
2011.14760
Maryam Roushan
M. Roushan and K. Nozari
Thermostatistics with an Invariant Infrared Cutoff
null
The European Physical Journal C (2020) 1-12
10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8378-8
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Quantum gravitational effects may affect the large scale dynamics of the universe. Phenomenologically, quantum gravitational effect at large distances can be encoded in an extended uncertainty principle that admits a minimal measurable momentum/energy or a maximal length. This maximal length can be considered as the size of the cosmological horizon today. In this paper we study thermostatistics of an expanding universe as a gaseous system and in the presence of an invariant infrared cutoff. We also compare the thermostatistics of different eras of the evolution of the universe in two classes, Fermions and Bosons.
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Nov 2020 13:15:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-12-01
[ [ "Roushan", "M.", "" ], [ "Nozari", "K.", "" ] ]
Quantum gravitational effects may affect the large scale dynamics of the universe. Phenomenologically, quantum gravitational effect at large distances can be encoded in an extended uncertainty principle that admits a minimal measurable momentum/energy or a maximal length. This maximal length can be considered as the size of the cosmological horizon today. In this paper we study thermostatistics of an expanding universe as a gaseous system and in the presence of an invariant infrared cutoff. We also compare the thermostatistics of different eras of the evolution of the universe in two classes, Fermions and Bosons.
1404.4025
Dipongkar Talukder
Dipongkar Talukder, Eric Thrane, Sukanta Bose, and Tania Regimbau
Measuring neutron-star ellipticity with measurements of the stochastic gravitational-wave background
null
Phys. Rev. D 89, 123008 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.89.123008
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Galactic neutron stars are a promising source of gravitational waves in the analysis band of detectors such as LIGO and Virgo. Previous searches for gravitational waves from neutron stars have focused on the detection of individual neutron stars, which are either nearby or highly non-spherical. Here we consider the stochastic gravitational-wave signal arising from the ensemble of Galactic neutron stars. Using a population synthesis model, we estimate the single-sigma sensitivity of current and planned gravitational-wave observatories to average neutron star ellipticity $\epsilon$ as a function of the number of in-band Galactic neutron stars $N_\text{tot}$. For the plausible case of $N_\text{tot}\approx 53000$, and assuming one year of observation time with colocated initial LIGO detectors, we find it to be $\sigma_\epsilon=2.1\times10^{-7}$, which is comparable to current bounds on some nearby neutron stars. (The current best $95\%$ upper limits are $\epsilon\lesssim7\times10^{-8}.$) It is unclear if Advanced LIGO can significantly improve on this sensitivity using spatially separated detectors. For the proposed Einstein Telescope, we estimate that $\sigma\epsilon=5.6\times10^{-10}$. Finally, we show that stochastic measurements can be combined with measurements of individual neutron stars in order to estimate the number of in-band Galactic neutron stars. In this way, measurements of stochastic gravitational waves provide a complementary tool for studying Galactic neutron stars.
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 Apr 2014 19:25:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 4 Jun 2014 21:07:24 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 12 Jun 2014 17:46:40 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2014-06-25
[ [ "Talukder", "Dipongkar", "" ], [ "Thrane", "Eric", "" ], [ "Bose", "Sukanta", "" ], [ "Regimbau", "Tania", "" ] ]
Galactic neutron stars are a promising source of gravitational waves in the analysis band of detectors such as LIGO and Virgo. Previous searches for gravitational waves from neutron stars have focused on the detection of individual neutron stars, which are either nearby or highly non-spherical. Here we consider the stochastic gravitational-wave signal arising from the ensemble of Galactic neutron stars. Using a population synthesis model, we estimate the single-sigma sensitivity of current and planned gravitational-wave observatories to average neutron star ellipticity $\epsilon$ as a function of the number of in-band Galactic neutron stars $N_\text{tot}$. For the plausible case of $N_\text{tot}\approx 53000$, and assuming one year of observation time with colocated initial LIGO detectors, we find it to be $\sigma_\epsilon=2.1\times10^{-7}$, which is comparable to current bounds on some nearby neutron stars. (The current best $95\%$ upper limits are $\epsilon\lesssim7\times10^{-8}.$) It is unclear if Advanced LIGO can significantly improve on this sensitivity using spatially separated detectors. For the proposed Einstein Telescope, we estimate that $\sigma\epsilon=5.6\times10^{-10}$. Finally, we show that stochastic measurements can be combined with measurements of individual neutron stars in order to estimate the number of in-band Galactic neutron stars. In this way, measurements of stochastic gravitational waves provide a complementary tool for studying Galactic neutron stars.
1505.06058
Sanjeev S. Seahra
Jack Gegenberg, Shohreh Rahmati, Sanjeev S. Seahra
Infrared modification of gravity from conformal symmetry
7 pages. Expanded presentation and some changes of notation. Matches version published in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 93, 064025 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.064025
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We reconsider a gauge theory of gravity in which the gauge group is the conformal group SO(4,2) and the action is of the Yang-Mills form, quadratic in the curvature. The resulting gravitational theory exhibits local conformal symmetry and reduces to Weyl-squared gravity under certain conditions. When the theory is linearized about flat spacetime, we find that matter which couples to the generators of special conformal transformations reproduces Newton's inverse square law. Conversely, matter which couples to generators of translations induces a constant and possibly repulsive force far from the source, which may be relevant for explaining the late time acceleration of the universe. The coupling constant of theory is dimensionless, which means that it is potentially renormalizable.
[ { "created": "Fri, 22 May 2015 13:04:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 6 Apr 2016 17:24:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-04-07
[ [ "Gegenberg", "Jack", "" ], [ "Rahmati", "Shohreh", "" ], [ "Seahra", "Sanjeev S.", "" ] ]
We reconsider a gauge theory of gravity in which the gauge group is the conformal group SO(4,2) and the action is of the Yang-Mills form, quadratic in the curvature. The resulting gravitational theory exhibits local conformal symmetry and reduces to Weyl-squared gravity under certain conditions. When the theory is linearized about flat spacetime, we find that matter which couples to the generators of special conformal transformations reproduces Newton's inverse square law. Conversely, matter which couples to generators of translations induces a constant and possibly repulsive force far from the source, which may be relevant for explaining the late time acceleration of the universe. The coupling constant of theory is dimensionless, which means that it is potentially renormalizable.
1606.00214
Bijan Saha Dr.
Bijan Saha
Nonlinear Spinor field in isotropic space-time and dark energy models
21 pages, 20 figures
The European Phys. J Plus 131: 242 (2016)
10.1140/epjp/i2016-16242-0
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Within the scope of isotropic FRW cosmological model the role of nonlinear spinor field in the evolution of the Universe is studied. It is found that unlike in anisotropic cosmological models in the present case the spinor field does not possess nontrivial non-diagonal components of energy-momentum tensor, consequently does not impose any additional restrictions on the components of the spinor field or metric function. The spinor description of different matter was given and evolution of the Universe corresponding to these sources is illustrated. In the framework of a three fluid system the utility of spinor description of matter is established.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Jun 2016 10:51:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 26 Jul 2016 12:26:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-07-27
[ [ "Saha", "Bijan", "" ] ]
Within the scope of isotropic FRW cosmological model the role of nonlinear spinor field in the evolution of the Universe is studied. It is found that unlike in anisotropic cosmological models in the present case the spinor field does not possess nontrivial non-diagonal components of energy-momentum tensor, consequently does not impose any additional restrictions on the components of the spinor field or metric function. The spinor description of different matter was given and evolution of the Universe corresponding to these sources is illustrated. In the framework of a three fluid system the utility of spinor description of matter is established.
2405.20193
Martin Bojowald
Kallan Berglund, Martin Bojowald, Aurora Colter, Manuel Diaz
Space-time superpositions as fluctuating geometries
33 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Superpositions of black holes can be described geometrically using a combined canonical formulation for space-time and quantum states. A previously introduced black-hole model that includes quantum fluctuations of metric components is shown here to give full access to the corresponding space-time geometry of weak-field gravity in terms of suitable line elements with quantum corrections. These results can be interpreted as providing covariant formulations of the gravitational force implied by a distribution of black holes in superposition. They can also be understood as a distribution of quantum matter constituents in superposition for a single black hole. A detailed analysis in the weak-field limit reveals quantum corrections to Newton's potential in generic semiclassical states, as well as new bounds on quantum fluctuations, implied by the covariance condition, rather than the usual uncertainty principle. These results provide additional control on quantum effects in Newton's potential that can be used in a broad range of predictions to be compared with observations.
[ { "created": "Thu, 30 May 2024 15:58:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-05-31
[ [ "Berglund", "Kallan", "" ], [ "Bojowald", "Martin", "" ], [ "Colter", "Aurora", "" ], [ "Diaz", "Manuel", "" ] ]
Superpositions of black holes can be described geometrically using a combined canonical formulation for space-time and quantum states. A previously introduced black-hole model that includes quantum fluctuations of metric components is shown here to give full access to the corresponding space-time geometry of weak-field gravity in terms of suitable line elements with quantum corrections. These results can be interpreted as providing covariant formulations of the gravitational force implied by a distribution of black holes in superposition. They can also be understood as a distribution of quantum matter constituents in superposition for a single black hole. A detailed analysis in the weak-field limit reveals quantum corrections to Newton's potential in generic semiclassical states, as well as new bounds on quantum fluctuations, implied by the covariance condition, rather than the usual uncertainty principle. These results provide additional control on quantum effects in Newton's potential that can be used in a broad range of predictions to be compared with observations.
2406.09006
Dhanvarsh Annamalai S. R.
Dhanvarsh Annamalai and Akshat Pandey
Tunneling of Hawking Radiation in Starobinsky-Bel-Robinson gravity
This work is accepted for publication in Gravitation and Cosmology, Vol. 30 , Issue 4
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
We examine Hawking radiation for a Schwarszchild-type black hole in Starobinsky Bel Robinson (SBR) gravity and calculate the corrected Hawking Temperature using the tunnelling method. We then discuss the deviation of our Hawking temperature from the standard Schwarszchild result. We relate the corrections to the Hawking temperature beyond the semi-classical approximation. We highlight that starting with a modification of the classical black hole geometry and calculating the semi-classical Hawking temperature, yields temperature corrections comparable to those obtained when the classical background is kept unchanged and beyond semi-classical terms in the temperature are included.
[ { "created": "Thu, 13 Jun 2024 11:19:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-06-14
[ [ "Annamalai", "Dhanvarsh", "" ], [ "Pandey", "Akshat", "" ] ]
We examine Hawking radiation for a Schwarszchild-type black hole in Starobinsky Bel Robinson (SBR) gravity and calculate the corrected Hawking Temperature using the tunnelling method. We then discuss the deviation of our Hawking temperature from the standard Schwarszchild result. We relate the corrections to the Hawking temperature beyond the semi-classical approximation. We highlight that starting with a modification of the classical black hole geometry and calculating the semi-classical Hawking temperature, yields temperature corrections comparable to those obtained when the classical background is kept unchanged and beyond semi-classical terms in the temperature are included.
1809.07623
Sebastien Galtier
S\'ebastien Galtier, Sergey V. Nazarenko, \'Eric Buchlin, Simon Thalabard
Nonlinear Diffusion Models for Gravitational Wave Turbulence
5 figures
null
10.1016/j.physd.2019.01.007
null
gr-qc physics.flu-dyn
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A fourth-order and a second-order nonlinear diffusion models in spectral space are proposed to describe gravitational wave turbulence in the approximation of strongly local interactions. We show analytically that the model equations satisfy the conservation of energy and wave action, and reproduce the power law solutions previously derived from the kinetic equations with a direct cascade of energy and an explosive inverse cascade of wave action. In the latter case, we show numerically by computing the second-order diffusion model that the non-stationary regime exhibits an anomalous scaling which is understood as a self-similar solution of the second kind with a front propagation following the law $k_f \sim (t_*-t)^{3.296}$, with $t<t_*$. These results are relevant to better understand the dynamics of the primordial universe where potent sources of gravitational waves may produce space-time turbulence.
[ { "created": "Tue, 18 Sep 2018 15:34:56 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-03-27
[ [ "Galtier", "Sébastien", "" ], [ "Nazarenko", "Sergey V.", "" ], [ "Buchlin", "Éric", "" ], [ "Thalabard", "Simon", "" ] ]
A fourth-order and a second-order nonlinear diffusion models in spectral space are proposed to describe gravitational wave turbulence in the approximation of strongly local interactions. We show analytically that the model equations satisfy the conservation of energy and wave action, and reproduce the power law solutions previously derived from the kinetic equations with a direct cascade of energy and an explosive inverse cascade of wave action. In the latter case, we show numerically by computing the second-order diffusion model that the non-stationary regime exhibits an anomalous scaling which is understood as a self-similar solution of the second kind with a front propagation following the law $k_f \sim (t_*-t)^{3.296}$, with $t<t_*$. These results are relevant to better understand the dynamics of the primordial universe where potent sources of gravitational waves may produce space-time turbulence.
0902.2844
Rajesh R. Parwani
Le-Huy Nguyen and Rajesh R. Parwani
Singularity Avoidance in Nonlinear Quantum Cosmology
6 pages. Presented at the DSU conference in Cairo, Egypt 2008. Typos in eq. 22 and 29 of the proceedings version corrected here
AIP Conf.Proc.1115:180-185,2009
10.1063/1.3131494
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We extend our previous study on the effects of an information-theoretically motivated nonlinear correction to the Wheeler-deWitt equation in the minisuperspace scheme for FRW universes. Firstly we show that even when the geometry is hyperbolic, and matter given by a cosmological constant, the nonlinearity can still provide a barrier to screen the initial singularity, just as in the case for flat universes. Secondly, in the flat case we show that singularity avoidance in the presence of a free massless scalar field is perturbatively possible for a very large class of initially unperturbed quantum states, generalising our previous discussion using Gaussian states.
[ { "created": "Tue, 17 Feb 2009 07:24:19 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-05-01
[ [ "Nguyen", "Le-Huy", "" ], [ "Parwani", "Rajesh R.", "" ] ]
We extend our previous study on the effects of an information-theoretically motivated nonlinear correction to the Wheeler-deWitt equation in the minisuperspace scheme for FRW universes. Firstly we show that even when the geometry is hyperbolic, and matter given by a cosmological constant, the nonlinearity can still provide a barrier to screen the initial singularity, just as in the case for flat universes. Secondly, in the flat case we show that singularity avoidance in the presence of a free massless scalar field is perturbatively possible for a very large class of initially unperturbed quantum states, generalising our previous discussion using Gaussian states.
0811.1266
Philippe G. LeFloch
Paulo Amorim, Christine Bernardi, and Philippe G. LeFloch
Computing Gowdy spacetimes via spectral evolution in future and past directions
19 pages, 12 figures
Class.Quant.Grav.26:025007,2009
10.1088/0264-9381/26/2/025007
null
gr-qc math.NA
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider a system of nonlinear wave equations with constraints that arises from the Einstein equations of general relativity and describes the geometry of the so-called Gowdy symmetric spacetimes on T3. We introduce two numerical methods, which are based on pseudo-spectral approximation. The first approach relies on marching in the future time-like direction and toward the coordinate singularity t=0. The second approach is designed from asymptotic formulas that are available near this singularity; it evolves the solutions in the past timelike direction from "final" data given at t=0. This backward method relies a novel nonlinear transformation, which allows us to reduce the nonlinear source terms to simple quadratic products of the unknown variables. Numerical experiments are presented in various regimes, including cases where "spiky" structures are observed as the coordinate singularity is approached. The proposed backward strategy leads to a robust numerical method which allows us to accurately simulate the long-time behavior of a large class of Gowdy spacetimes.
[ { "created": "Sat, 8 Nov 2008 15:11:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 11 Nov 2008 22:03:53 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-01-08
[ [ "Amorim", "Paulo", "" ], [ "Bernardi", "Christine", "" ], [ "LeFloch", "Philippe G.", "" ] ]
We consider a system of nonlinear wave equations with constraints that arises from the Einstein equations of general relativity and describes the geometry of the so-called Gowdy symmetric spacetimes on T3. We introduce two numerical methods, which are based on pseudo-spectral approximation. The first approach relies on marching in the future time-like direction and toward the coordinate singularity t=0. The second approach is designed from asymptotic formulas that are available near this singularity; it evolves the solutions in the past timelike direction from "final" data given at t=0. This backward method relies a novel nonlinear transformation, which allows us to reduce the nonlinear source terms to simple quadratic products of the unknown variables. Numerical experiments are presented in various regimes, including cases where "spiky" structures are observed as the coordinate singularity is approached. The proposed backward strategy leads to a robust numerical method which allows us to accurately simulate the long-time behavior of a large class of Gowdy spacetimes.
1207.3673
Javad Taghizadeh firouzjaee
Pouria Dadras, J. T. Firouzjaee and Reza Mansouri
A concrete anti-de Sitter black hole with dynamical horizon having toroidal cross-sections and its characteristics
improved version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:gr-qc/0308033 by other authors
Europhys. Lett. 100 (2012) 39001
10.1209/0295-5075/100/39001
IPM/P-2012/027
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
We propose a special solution of Einstein equations in the general Vaidya form representing a dynamical black hole having horizon cross-sections with toroidal topology. The concrete model enables us to study for the first time dynamical horizons with toroidal topology, its area law, and the question of matter flux inside the horizon, without using a cut-and-paste technology to construct the solution.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Jul 2012 13:27:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 12 Nov 2012 12:08:45 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-05
[ [ "Dadras", "Pouria", "" ], [ "Firouzjaee", "J. T.", "" ], [ "Mansouri", "Reza", "" ] ]
We propose a special solution of Einstein equations in the general Vaidya form representing a dynamical black hole having horizon cross-sections with toroidal topology. The concrete model enables us to study for the first time dynamical horizons with toroidal topology, its area law, and the question of matter flux inside the horizon, without using a cut-and-paste technology to construct the solution.
0907.3081
Jean-Philippe Uzan
Jean-Philippe Uzan
Fundamental constants and tests of general relativity - Theoretical and cosmological considerations
Proceedings of the workshop ``The nature of gravity, confronting theory and experiment in space'', ISSI, Bern, october 2008
null
10.1007/s11214-009-9503-z
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The tests of the constancy of the fundamental constants are tests of the local position invariance and thus of the equivalence principle. We summarize the various constraints that have been obtained and then describe the connection between varying constants and extensions of general relativity. To finish, we discuss the link with cosmology, and more particularly with the acceleration of the Universe. We take the opportunity to summarize various possibilities to test general relativity (but also the Copernican principle) on cosmological scales.
[ { "created": "Fri, 17 Jul 2009 14:13:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-13
[ [ "Uzan", "Jean-Philippe", "" ] ]
The tests of the constancy of the fundamental constants are tests of the local position invariance and thus of the equivalence principle. We summarize the various constraints that have been obtained and then describe the connection between varying constants and extensions of general relativity. To finish, we discuss the link with cosmology, and more particularly with the acceleration of the Universe. We take the opportunity to summarize various possibilities to test general relativity (but also the Copernican principle) on cosmological scales.
0705.3620
Darren Golbourn
Leor Barack and Darren A Golbourn
Scalar-field perturbations from a particle orbiting a black hole using numerical evolution in 2+1 dimensions
Accepted for publication in PRD, minor typographical corrections, references updated, 25 pages, 22 eps figures
Phys.Rev.D76:044020,2007
10.1103/PhysRevD.76.044020
null
gr-qc
null
We present a new technique for time-domain numerical evolution of the scalar field generated by a pointlike scalar charge orbiting a black hole. Time-domain evolution offers an efficient way for calculating black hole perturbations, especially as input for computations of the local self force acting on orbiting particles. In Kerr geometry, the field equations are not fully separable in the time domain, and one has to tackle them in 2+1 dimensions (two spatial dimensions and time; the azimuthal dependence is still separable). A technical difficulty arises when the source of the field is a pointlike particle, as the 2+1-dimensional perturbation is then singular: Each of the azimuthal modes diverges logarithmically at the particle. To deal with this problem we split the numerical domain into two regions: Inside a thin worldtube surrounding the particle's worldline we solve for a regularized variable, obtained from the full field by subtracting out a suitable ``puncture'' function, given analytically. Outside this worldtube we solve for the full, original field. The value of the evolution variable is adjusted across the boundary of the worldtube. In this work we demonstrate the applicability of this method in the example of circular orbits around a Schwarzschild black hole (refraining from exploiting the spherical symmetry of the background, and working in 2+1 dimensions).
[ { "created": "Thu, 24 May 2007 16:51:44 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 20 Aug 2007 15:03:36 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Barack", "Leor", "" ], [ "Golbourn", "Darren A", "" ] ]
We present a new technique for time-domain numerical evolution of the scalar field generated by a pointlike scalar charge orbiting a black hole. Time-domain evolution offers an efficient way for calculating black hole perturbations, especially as input for computations of the local self force acting on orbiting particles. In Kerr geometry, the field equations are not fully separable in the time domain, and one has to tackle them in 2+1 dimensions (two spatial dimensions and time; the azimuthal dependence is still separable). A technical difficulty arises when the source of the field is a pointlike particle, as the 2+1-dimensional perturbation is then singular: Each of the azimuthal modes diverges logarithmically at the particle. To deal with this problem we split the numerical domain into two regions: Inside a thin worldtube surrounding the particle's worldline we solve for a regularized variable, obtained from the full field by subtracting out a suitable ``puncture'' function, given analytically. Outside this worldtube we solve for the full, original field. The value of the evolution variable is adjusted across the boundary of the worldtube. In this work we demonstrate the applicability of this method in the example of circular orbits around a Schwarzschild black hole (refraining from exploiting the spherical symmetry of the background, and working in 2+1 dimensions).
gr-qc/9707054
Zloshchastiev Konstantin
Konstantin G. Zloshchastiev
Radiation fluid singular hypersurfaces with de Sitter interior as models of charged extended particles in general relativity
LaTeX (IOPP style); final version
Class.Quant.Grav. 16 (1999) 1737-1744
10.1088/0264-9381/16/6/308
null
gr-qc
null
In present paper we construct the classical and minisuperspace quantum models of an extended charged particle. The modelling is based on the radiation fluid singular hypersurface filled with physical vacuum. We demonstrate that both at classical and quantum levels such a model can have equilibrium states at the radius equal to the classical radius of a charged particle. In the cosmological context the model could be considered also as the primary stationary state, having the huge internal energy being nonobservable for an external observer, from which the Universe was born by virtue of the quantum tunnelling.
[ { "created": "Fri, 25 Jul 1997 13:26:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 28 Aug 1997 09:13:08 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 3 Jul 1998 05:32:56 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sat, 29 May 1999 14:32:31 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2009-10-30
[ [ "Zloshchastiev", "Konstantin G.", "" ] ]
In present paper we construct the classical and minisuperspace quantum models of an extended charged particle. The modelling is based on the radiation fluid singular hypersurface filled with physical vacuum. We demonstrate that both at classical and quantum levels such a model can have equilibrium states at the radius equal to the classical radius of a charged particle. In the cosmological context the model could be considered also as the primary stationary state, having the huge internal energy being nonobservable for an external observer, from which the Universe was born by virtue of the quantum tunnelling.
1001.1112
Edward Anderson
Edward Anderson
Relational mechanics of shape and scale
Just a few minor changes/references added
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Relational particle mechanics models (RPM's) are useful models for the problem of time in quantum gravity and other foundational issues in quantum cosmology. Some concrete examples of scalefree RPM's have already been studied, but it is the case with scale that is needed for the semiclassical and dilational internal time approaches to the problem of time. In this paper, I show that the scaled RPM's configuration spaces are the cones over the scalefree RPM's configuration spaces, which are spheres in 1-d and complex projective spaces in 2-d for plain shapes, and these quotiented by Z_2 for oriented shapes. I extend the method of physical interpretation by tessellation of the configuration space and the description in terms of geometrical quantities to the cases with scale and/or orientation. I show that there is an absence of monopole issues for RPM's and point out a difference between quantum cosmological operator ordering and that used in molecular physics. I use up RPM's freedom of the form of the potential to more closely parallel various well-known cosmologies, and begin the investigation of the semiclassical approach to the problem of time for such models.
[ { "created": "Thu, 7 Jan 2010 17:01:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 15 Feb 2010 11:55:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-02-15
[ [ "Anderson", "Edward", "" ] ]
Relational particle mechanics models (RPM's) are useful models for the problem of time in quantum gravity and other foundational issues in quantum cosmology. Some concrete examples of scalefree RPM's have already been studied, but it is the case with scale that is needed for the semiclassical and dilational internal time approaches to the problem of time. In this paper, I show that the scaled RPM's configuration spaces are the cones over the scalefree RPM's configuration spaces, which are spheres in 1-d and complex projective spaces in 2-d for plain shapes, and these quotiented by Z_2 for oriented shapes. I extend the method of physical interpretation by tessellation of the configuration space and the description in terms of geometrical quantities to the cases with scale and/or orientation. I show that there is an absence of monopole issues for RPM's and point out a difference between quantum cosmological operator ordering and that used in molecular physics. I use up RPM's freedom of the form of the potential to more closely parallel various well-known cosmologies, and begin the investigation of the semiclassical approach to the problem of time for such models.
gr-qc/0701086
Emanuele Berti
Emanuele Berti, Vitor Cardoso, Jose A. Gonzalez, Ulrich Sperhake
Mining information from binary black hole mergers: a comparison of estimation methods for complex exponentials in noise
20 pages, 7 figures, minor changes to match version in press in PRD
Phys.Rev.D75:124017,2007
10.1103/PhysRevD.75.124017
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
The ringdown phase following a binary black hole merger is usually assumed to be well described by a linear superposition of complex exponentials (quasinormal modes). In the strong-field conditions typical of a binary black hole merger, non-linear effects may produce mode coupling. Artificial mode coupling can also be induced by the black hole's rotation, if the radiation field is expanded in terms of spin-weighted spherical (rather than spheroidal) harmonics. Observing deviations from linear black hole perturbation theory requires optimal fitting techniques to extract ringdown parameters from numerical waveforms, which are inevitably affected by errors. So far, non-linear least-squares fitting methods have been used as the standard workhorse to extract frequencies from ringdown waveforms. These methods are known not to be optimal for estimating parameters of complex exponentials. Furthermore, different fitting methods have different performance in the presence of noise. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the gravitational wave community to modern variations of a linear parameter estimation technique first devised in 1795 by Prony: the Kumaresan-Tufts and matrix pencil methods. Using "test" damped sinusoidal signals in Gaussian white noise we illustrate the advantages of these methods, showing that they have variance and bias at least comparable to standard non-linear least-squares techniques. Then we compare the performance of different methods on unequal-mass binary black hole merger waveforms. The methods we discuss should be useful both theoretically (to monitor errors and search for non-linearities in numerical relativity simulations) and experimentally (for parameter estimation from ringdown signals after a gravitational wave detection).
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Jan 2007 19:56:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 17 Jun 2007 14:46:53 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Berti", "Emanuele", "" ], [ "Cardoso", "Vitor", "" ], [ "Gonzalez", "Jose A.", "" ], [ "Sperhake", "Ulrich", "" ] ]
The ringdown phase following a binary black hole merger is usually assumed to be well described by a linear superposition of complex exponentials (quasinormal modes). In the strong-field conditions typical of a binary black hole merger, non-linear effects may produce mode coupling. Artificial mode coupling can also be induced by the black hole's rotation, if the radiation field is expanded in terms of spin-weighted spherical (rather than spheroidal) harmonics. Observing deviations from linear black hole perturbation theory requires optimal fitting techniques to extract ringdown parameters from numerical waveforms, which are inevitably affected by errors. So far, non-linear least-squares fitting methods have been used as the standard workhorse to extract frequencies from ringdown waveforms. These methods are known not to be optimal for estimating parameters of complex exponentials. Furthermore, different fitting methods have different performance in the presence of noise. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the gravitational wave community to modern variations of a linear parameter estimation technique first devised in 1795 by Prony: the Kumaresan-Tufts and matrix pencil methods. Using "test" damped sinusoidal signals in Gaussian white noise we illustrate the advantages of these methods, showing that they have variance and bias at least comparable to standard non-linear least-squares techniques. Then we compare the performance of different methods on unequal-mass binary black hole merger waveforms. The methods we discuss should be useful both theoretically (to monitor errors and search for non-linearities in numerical relativity simulations) and experimentally (for parameter estimation from ringdown signals after a gravitational wave detection).
1904.11917
Tommi Markkanen
Tommi Markkanen, Arttu Rajantie, Stephen Stopyra and Tommi Tenkanen
Scalar correlation functions in de Sitter space from the stochastic spectral expansion
21 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. v2: minor revision, version published in JCAP
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2019/08/001
IMPERIAL/TP/2019/TM/03
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider light scalar fields during inflation and show how the stochastic spectral expansion method can be used to calculate two-point correlation functions of an arbitrary local function of the field in de Sitter space. In particular, we use this approach for a massive scalar field with quartic self-interactions to calculate the fluctuation spectrum of the density contrast and compare it to other approximations. We find that neither Gaussian nor linear approximations accurately reproduce the power spectrum, and in fact always overestimate it. For example, for a scalar field with only a quartic term in the potential, $V=\lambda\phi^4/4$, we find a blue spectrum with spectral index $n-1=0.579\sqrt{\lambda}$.
[ { "created": "Fri, 26 Apr 2019 16:18:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 1 Aug 2019 16:27:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-08-02
[ [ "Markkanen", "Tommi", "" ], [ "Rajantie", "Arttu", "" ], [ "Stopyra", "Stephen", "" ], [ "Tenkanen", "Tommi", "" ] ]
We consider light scalar fields during inflation and show how the stochastic spectral expansion method can be used to calculate two-point correlation functions of an arbitrary local function of the field in de Sitter space. In particular, we use this approach for a massive scalar field with quartic self-interactions to calculate the fluctuation spectrum of the density contrast and compare it to other approximations. We find that neither Gaussian nor linear approximations accurately reproduce the power spectrum, and in fact always overestimate it. For example, for a scalar field with only a quartic term in the potential, $V=\lambda\phi^4/4$, we find a blue spectrum with spectral index $n-1=0.579\sqrt{\lambda}$.
0804.1674
Bernard Lavenda
B. H. Lavenda
Hyperbolic nature of uniformly rotating systems and their relation to gravity
8 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Special relativity corresponds to hyperbolic geometry at constant velocity while the so-called general relativity corresponds to hyperbolic geometry of uniformly accelerated systems. Generalized expressions for angular momentum, centrifugal and Coriolis forces are found in hyperbolic space, which reduce to the usual expressions of Euclidean space when the absolute constant tends to infinity. Gravity enters only in the specification of the absolute constant. A uniformly rotating disc corresponds exactly to hyperbolic geometry with a constant negative Gaussian curvature. The angle defect is related to Lorentz contraction of objects normal to the radial direction. Lobachevsky's angle of parallelism accounts for the apparent relativistic distortion of moving objects and would provide a testing ground to measure a positive defect by replacing large distances by high speeds that are comparable with that of light.
[ { "created": "Thu, 10 Apr 2008 11:25:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-04-11
[ [ "Lavenda", "B. H.", "" ] ]
Special relativity corresponds to hyperbolic geometry at constant velocity while the so-called general relativity corresponds to hyperbolic geometry of uniformly accelerated systems. Generalized expressions for angular momentum, centrifugal and Coriolis forces are found in hyperbolic space, which reduce to the usual expressions of Euclidean space when the absolute constant tends to infinity. Gravity enters only in the specification of the absolute constant. A uniformly rotating disc corresponds exactly to hyperbolic geometry with a constant negative Gaussian curvature. The angle defect is related to Lorentz contraction of objects normal to the radial direction. Lobachevsky's angle of parallelism accounts for the apparent relativistic distortion of moving objects and would provide a testing ground to measure a positive defect by replacing large distances by high speeds that are comparable with that of light.
2308.07475
Todd Oliynyk
Florian Beyer and Todd A. Oliynyk
Past stability of FLRW solutions to the Einstein-Euler-scalar field equations and their big bang singularites
arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2112.07730
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We establish, in spacetime dimensions $n\geq 3$, the nonlinear stability in the contracting direction of Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) solutions to the Einstein-Euler-scalar field equations with linear equations of state $P=c_s^2 \rho$ for sounds speeds $c_s$ satisfying $1/(n-1)<c_s^2 < 1$. We further show that nonlinear perturbations of the FLRW solutions are asymptotically pointwise Kasner and terminate in crushing, asymptotically velocity term dominated (AVTD) big bang singularities characterised by curvature blow-up.
[ { "created": "Mon, 14 Aug 2023 22:01:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-08-16
[ [ "Beyer", "Florian", "" ], [ "Oliynyk", "Todd A.", "" ] ]
We establish, in spacetime dimensions $n\geq 3$, the nonlinear stability in the contracting direction of Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) solutions to the Einstein-Euler-scalar field equations with linear equations of state $P=c_s^2 \rho$ for sounds speeds $c_s$ satisfying $1/(n-1)<c_s^2 < 1$. We further show that nonlinear perturbations of the FLRW solutions are asymptotically pointwise Kasner and terminate in crushing, asymptotically velocity term dominated (AVTD) big bang singularities characterised by curvature blow-up.
gr-qc/9506056
null
Giampiero Esposito and Giuseppe Pollifrone
Spin-Raising Operators and Spin-3/2 Potentials in Quantum Cosmology
13 pages, plain-tex, recently appearing in Classical and Quantum Gravity, volume 11, April 1994, pages 897-903. Apologies for the delay in circulating the file, due to technical problems now fixed
Class.Quant.Grav.11:897-904,1994
10.1088/0264-9381/11/4/009
DSF report 95/32 (see SLAC for previous data)
gr-qc
null
Local boundary conditions involving field strengths and the normal to the boundary, originally studied in anti-de Sitter space-time, have been recently considered in one-loop quantum cosmology. This paper derives the conditions under which spin-raising operators preserve these local boundary conditions on a 3-sphere for fields of spin 0,1/2,1,3/2 and 2. Moreover, the two-component spinor analysis of the four potentials of the totally symmetric and independent field strengths for spin 3/2 is applied to the case of a 3-sphere boundary. It is shown that such boundary conditions can only be imposed in a flat Euclidean background, for which the gauge freedom in the choice of the potentials remains.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Jun 1995 06:52:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-04-06
[ [ "Esposito", "Giampiero", "" ], [ "Pollifrone", "Giuseppe", "" ] ]
Local boundary conditions involving field strengths and the normal to the boundary, originally studied in anti-de Sitter space-time, have been recently considered in one-loop quantum cosmology. This paper derives the conditions under which spin-raising operators preserve these local boundary conditions on a 3-sphere for fields of spin 0,1/2,1,3/2 and 2. Moreover, the two-component spinor analysis of the four potentials of the totally symmetric and independent field strengths for spin 3/2 is applied to the case of a 3-sphere boundary. It is shown that such boundary conditions can only be imposed in a flat Euclidean background, for which the gauge freedom in the choice of the potentials remains.
1705.06647
John Barrow
John D. Barrow and Chandrima Ganguly
The Shape of Bouncing Universes
Awarded Honorable Mention in the 2017 Gravity Research Foundation Essay competition; 4 pages, 6 figures
Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 26, 1743016 (2017)
10.1142/S0218271817430167
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th physics.pop-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
What happens to the most general closed oscillating universes in general relativity? We sketch the development of interest in cyclic universes from the early work of Friedmann and Tolman to modern variations introduced by the presence of a cosmological constant. Then we show what happens in the cyclic evolution of the most general closed anisotropic universes provided by the Mixmaster universe. We show that in the presence of entropy increase its cycles grow in size and age, increasingly approaching flatness. But these cycles also grow increasingly anisotropic at their expansion maxima. If there is a positive cosmological constant, or dark energy, present then these oscillations always end and the last cycle evolves from an anisotropic inflexion point towards a de Sitter future of everlasting expansion.
[ { "created": "Thu, 18 May 2017 15:21:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-01-08
[ [ "Barrow", "John D.", "" ], [ "Ganguly", "Chandrima", "" ] ]
What happens to the most general closed oscillating universes in general relativity? We sketch the development of interest in cyclic universes from the early work of Friedmann and Tolman to modern variations introduced by the presence of a cosmological constant. Then we show what happens in the cyclic evolution of the most general closed anisotropic universes provided by the Mixmaster universe. We show that in the presence of entropy increase its cycles grow in size and age, increasingly approaching flatness. But these cycles also grow increasingly anisotropic at their expansion maxima. If there is a positive cosmological constant, or dark energy, present then these oscillations always end and the last cycle evolves from an anisotropic inflexion point towards a de Sitter future of everlasting expansion.
2304.00348
Sohrab Rahvar
Sohrab Rahvar
Primordial black hole collision with neutron stars and astrophysical black holes and the observational signatures
12 pages, 2 figures, accepted in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this paper, we examine whether low-mass Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) can be considered a plausible dark matter candidate in galactic halos. We derive the relativistic dynamics of PBHs around the heavy compact objects and evaluate their collision rate, as well as the likelihood of PBH capture in neutron stars and black holes. Although the rate of these collisions in the Milky Way is lower than our lifetime (i.e. almost one collision per hundred years), it may still be observable on cosmological scales. Additionally, we investigate the gravitational wave emission as an important observable window for PBH-astrophysical black hole merging. For the allowed range of PBH mass, gravitational wave signal is smaller than the sensitivity of present gravitational wave detectors. We provide observational prospect for detection of these events in future.
[ { "created": "Sat, 1 Apr 2023 16:08:11 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 6 Jun 2023 10:22:29 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 21 Nov 2023 11:10:43 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2023-11-22
[ [ "Rahvar", "Sohrab", "" ] ]
In this paper, we examine whether low-mass Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) can be considered a plausible dark matter candidate in galactic halos. We derive the relativistic dynamics of PBHs around the heavy compact objects and evaluate their collision rate, as well as the likelihood of PBH capture in neutron stars and black holes. Although the rate of these collisions in the Milky Way is lower than our lifetime (i.e. almost one collision per hundred years), it may still be observable on cosmological scales. Additionally, we investigate the gravitational wave emission as an important observable window for PBH-astrophysical black hole merging. For the allowed range of PBH mass, gravitational wave signal is smaller than the sensitivity of present gravitational wave detectors. We provide observational prospect for detection of these events in future.
1012.5172
Riccardo Sturani
R. Sturani, S. Fischetti, L. Cadonati, G. M. Guidi, J. Healy, D. Shoemaker, A. Vicere'
Phenomenological gravitational waveforms from spinning coalescing binaries
9 pages, 2 figures. Results updated in v2
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
An accurate knowledge of the coalescing binary gravitational waveform is crucial for experimental searches as the ones performed by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration. Following an earlier paper by the same authors we refine the construction of analytical phenomenological waveforms describing the signal sourced by generically spinning binary systems. The gap between the initial inspiral part of the waveform, described by spin-Taylor approximants, and its final ring-down part, described by damped exponentials, is bridged by a phenomenological phase calibrated by comparison with the dominant spherical harmonic mode of a set of waveforms including both numerical and phenomenological waveforms of different type. All waveforms considered describe equal mass systems. The Advanced LIGO noise-weighted overlap integral between the numerical and phenomenological waveforms presented here ranges between 0.95 and 0.99 for a wide span of mass values.
[ { "created": "Thu, 23 Dec 2010 10:41:45 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 23 Jun 2011 10:37:57 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-06-24
[ [ "Sturani", "R.", "" ], [ "Fischetti", "S.", "" ], [ "Cadonati", "L.", "" ], [ "Guidi", "G. M.", "" ], [ "Healy", "J.", "" ], [ "Shoemaker", "D.", "" ], [ "Vicere'", "A.", "" ] ]
An accurate knowledge of the coalescing binary gravitational waveform is crucial for experimental searches as the ones performed by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration. Following an earlier paper by the same authors we refine the construction of analytical phenomenological waveforms describing the signal sourced by generically spinning binary systems. The gap between the initial inspiral part of the waveform, described by spin-Taylor approximants, and its final ring-down part, described by damped exponentials, is bridged by a phenomenological phase calibrated by comparison with the dominant spherical harmonic mode of a set of waveforms including both numerical and phenomenological waveforms of different type. All waveforms considered describe equal mass systems. The Advanced LIGO noise-weighted overlap integral between the numerical and phenomenological waveforms presented here ranges between 0.95 and 0.99 for a wide span of mass values.
1511.02164
Lunchakorn Tannukij
Lunchakorn Tannukij and Pitayuth Wongjun
Mass-Varying Massive Gravity with k-essence
23 pages, 6 figures. Typos correction
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3872-0
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
For a large class of mass-varying massive gravity models, the graviton mass cannot provide the late-time cosmic expansion of the universe due to its vanishing at late time. In this work, we propose a new class of mass-varying massive gravity in which the graviton mass varies according to a kinetic term of a k-essence field. By using a more general form of the fiducial metric, we found a solution such that a non-vanishing graviton mass can drive the accelerated expansion of the universe at late time. We also perform dynamical analyses of such model and found that without introducing the k-essence Lagrangian, the graviton mass can be responsible for both dark contents of the universe, namely dark energy that drives the accelerated expansion of the universe and non-relativistic matter that plays the role of dark matter. Moreover, by including the k-essence Lagrangian, we found that it is possible to alleviate the so-called cosmic coincidence problem.
[ { "created": "Thu, 5 Nov 2015 07:49:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 12 Jan 2016 09:10:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-02-17
[ [ "Tannukij", "Lunchakorn", "" ], [ "Wongjun", "Pitayuth", "" ] ]
For a large class of mass-varying massive gravity models, the graviton mass cannot provide the late-time cosmic expansion of the universe due to its vanishing at late time. In this work, we propose a new class of mass-varying massive gravity in which the graviton mass varies according to a kinetic term of a k-essence field. By using a more general form of the fiducial metric, we found a solution such that a non-vanishing graviton mass can drive the accelerated expansion of the universe at late time. We also perform dynamical analyses of such model and found that without introducing the k-essence Lagrangian, the graviton mass can be responsible for both dark contents of the universe, namely dark energy that drives the accelerated expansion of the universe and non-relativistic matter that plays the role of dark matter. Moreover, by including the k-essence Lagrangian, we found that it is possible to alleviate the so-called cosmic coincidence problem.
2207.03966
Griselda Figueroa Aguirre
Griselda Figueroa-Aguirre
Thin-shell wormholes in N-dimensional F(R) gravity
18 pages, 6 figures; v3: minor changes, new references added
Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 32 (2023) 2350052
10.1142/S0218271823500529
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work, spherically symmetric thin-shell wormholes with a conformally invariant Maxwell field for $N$-dimensional $F(R)$ gravity and constant scalar curvature $R$ are built. Two cases are considered: symmetric wormholes and asymmetric ones in the scalar curvature. Their stability under radial perturbations is analyzed, finding stable solutions made of exotic matter for a given range of the parameters.
[ { "created": "Fri, 8 Jul 2022 15:32:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 15 Feb 2023 15:13:59 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 1 Jun 2023 11:29:43 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2023-07-13
[ [ "Figueroa-Aguirre", "Griselda", "" ] ]
In this work, spherically symmetric thin-shell wormholes with a conformally invariant Maxwell field for $N$-dimensional $F(R)$ gravity and constant scalar curvature $R$ are built. Two cases are considered: symmetric wormholes and asymmetric ones in the scalar curvature. Their stability under radial perturbations is analyzed, finding stable solutions made of exotic matter for a given range of the parameters.
0707.4654
Milton Ruiz
Milton Ruiz, Miguel Alcubierre, Dario Nunez, Ryoji Takahashi
Multipole expansions for energy and momenta carried by gravitational waves
12 pages. Typo fixed in equation (2.25)
Gen.Rel.Grav.40:2467,2008
10.1007/s10714-007-0570-8
null
gr-qc
null
We present expressions for the energy, linear momentum and angular momentum carried away from an isolated system by gravitational radiation based on spin-weighted spherical harmonics decomposition of the Weyl scalar $\Psi_4$. We also show that the expressions derived are equivalent to the common expressions obtained when using a framework based on perturbations of a Schwazschild background. The main idea is to collect together all the different expressions in a uniform and consistent way. The formulae presented here are directly applicable to the calculation of the radiated energy, linear momentum and angular momentum starting from the gravitational waveforms which are typically extracted from numerical simulations.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 Jul 2007 16:41:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 11 Dec 2007 17:17:51 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 25 Feb 2008 15:55:56 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Ruiz", "Milton", "" ], [ "Alcubierre", "Miguel", "" ], [ "Nunez", "Dario", "" ], [ "Takahashi", "Ryoji", "" ] ]
We present expressions for the energy, linear momentum and angular momentum carried away from an isolated system by gravitational radiation based on spin-weighted spherical harmonics decomposition of the Weyl scalar $\Psi_4$. We also show that the expressions derived are equivalent to the common expressions obtained when using a framework based on perturbations of a Schwazschild background. The main idea is to collect together all the different expressions in a uniform and consistent way. The formulae presented here are directly applicable to the calculation of the radiated energy, linear momentum and angular momentum starting from the gravitational waveforms which are typically extracted from numerical simulations.
gr-qc/9402005
null
L.B. Szabados
Two dimensional Sen connections and quasi-local energy-momentum
20 pages, Plain Tex, II
Class.Quant.Grav.11:1847-1866,1994
10.1088/0264-9381/11/7/020
null
gr-qc
null
The recently constructed two dimensional Sen connection is applied in the problem of quasi-local energy-momentum in general relativity. First it is shown that, because of one of the two 2 dimensional Sen--Witten identities, Penrose's quasi-local charge integral can be expressed as a Nester--Witten integral.Then, to find the appropriate spinor propagation laws to the Nester--Witten integral, all the possible first order linear differential operators that can be constructed only from the irreducible chiral parts of the Sen operator alone are determined and examined. It is only the holomorphy or anti-holomorphy operator that can define acceptable propagation laws. The 2 dimensional Sen connection thus naturally defines a quasi-local energy-momentum, which is precisely that of Dougan and Mason. Then provided the dominant energy condition holds and the 2-sphere S is convex we show that the next statements are equivalent: i. the quasi-local mass (energy-momentum) associated with S is zero; ii.the Cauchy development $D(\Sigma)$ is a pp-wave geometry with pure radiation ($D(\Sigma)$ is flat), where $\Sigma$ is a spacelike hypersurface whose boundary is S; iii. there exist a Sen--constant spinor field (two spinor fields) on S. Thus the pp-wave Cauchy developments can be characterized by the geometry of a two rather than a three dimensional submanifold.
[ { "created": "Wed, 2 Feb 1994 16:06:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-04-06
[ [ "Szabados", "L. B.", "" ] ]
The recently constructed two dimensional Sen connection is applied in the problem of quasi-local energy-momentum in general relativity. First it is shown that, because of one of the two 2 dimensional Sen--Witten identities, Penrose's quasi-local charge integral can be expressed as a Nester--Witten integral.Then, to find the appropriate spinor propagation laws to the Nester--Witten integral, all the possible first order linear differential operators that can be constructed only from the irreducible chiral parts of the Sen operator alone are determined and examined. It is only the holomorphy or anti-holomorphy operator that can define acceptable propagation laws. The 2 dimensional Sen connection thus naturally defines a quasi-local energy-momentum, which is precisely that of Dougan and Mason. Then provided the dominant energy condition holds and the 2-sphere S is convex we show that the next statements are equivalent: i. the quasi-local mass (energy-momentum) associated with S is zero; ii.the Cauchy development $D(\Sigma)$ is a pp-wave geometry with pure radiation ($D(\Sigma)$ is flat), where $\Sigma$ is a spacelike hypersurface whose boundary is S; iii. there exist a Sen--constant spinor field (two spinor fields) on S. Thus the pp-wave Cauchy developments can be characterized by the geometry of a two rather than a three dimensional submanifold.
1304.4973
Orchidea Maria Lecian
Orchidea Maria Lecian
BKL maps and Poincar\'e sections
21 pages, 2 tables, 2 figures; comparison with Farey maps and relation with scars in the quantum regime added; accepted for publication on Phys. Rev. D; matches published version
Phys. Rev. D 88, 104014 (2013)
10.1103/PhysRevD.88.104014
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Cosmological billiards arise as a map of the solution to the Einstein equations, when the most general symmetry of the metric tensor is implemented, under the BKL (named after Belinskii, Khalatnikov and Lifshitz) paradigm, for which points are spatially decoupled in the asymptotical limit close to the cosmological singularity. Cosmological billiards in $4=3+1$ dimensions for the case of pure gravity are analyzed for those features, for which the content of Weyl reflections in the BKL maps requires definition of a 3-dimensional restricted phase space. The role of Poincar\'e sections in these processes is outlined. The quantum regime is investigated within this framework: as a result, 1-epoch BKL eras are found to be the most probable configuration at which the wavefunctions have to be evaluated; furthermore, BKL eras containing $n>>1$ epochs are shown to be a less probable configuration for the wavefunctions. This description of the dynamics allows one to gain information about the connections between the statistical characterization of the maps which imply the different symmetry-quotienting mechanisms and the characterization of the semiclassical limit of the wavefunctions for the classical trajectories, for which the phenomenon of 'scars' on the wavefunction is found for other kinds of billiards.
[ { "created": "Wed, 17 Apr 2013 21:27:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 23 Oct 2013 13:28:08 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-11-20
[ [ "Lecian", "Orchidea Maria", "" ] ]
Cosmological billiards arise as a map of the solution to the Einstein equations, when the most general symmetry of the metric tensor is implemented, under the BKL (named after Belinskii, Khalatnikov and Lifshitz) paradigm, for which points are spatially decoupled in the asymptotical limit close to the cosmological singularity. Cosmological billiards in $4=3+1$ dimensions for the case of pure gravity are analyzed for those features, for which the content of Weyl reflections in the BKL maps requires definition of a 3-dimensional restricted phase space. The role of Poincar\'e sections in these processes is outlined. The quantum regime is investigated within this framework: as a result, 1-epoch BKL eras are found to be the most probable configuration at which the wavefunctions have to be evaluated; furthermore, BKL eras containing $n>>1$ epochs are shown to be a less probable configuration for the wavefunctions. This description of the dynamics allows one to gain information about the connections between the statistical characterization of the maps which imply the different symmetry-quotienting mechanisms and the characterization of the semiclassical limit of the wavefunctions for the classical trajectories, for which the phenomenon of 'scars' on the wavefunction is found for other kinds of billiards.
0808.2561
J. Fernando Barbero G.
J. Fernando Barbero G., I\~naki Garay, Eduardo J. S. Villase\~nor
Quantum Einstein-Rosen waves: Coherent states and n-point functions
24 pages
Class.Quant.Grav.25:205013,2008
10.1088/0264-9381/25/20/205013
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We discuss two different types of issues concerning the quantization of Einstein-Rosen waves. First of all we study in detail the possibility of using the coherent states corresponding to the dynamics of the auxiliary, free Hamiltonian appearing in the description of the model to study the full dynamics of the system. For time periods of arbitrary length we show that this is only possible for states that are close, in a precise mathematical sense, to the vacuum. We do this by comparing the quantum evolutions defined by the auxiliary and physical Hamiltonians on the class of coherent states. In the second part of the paper we study the structure of n-point functions. As we will show their detailed behavior differs from the one corresponding to standard perturbative quantum field theories. We take this as a manifestation of the fact that the correct approximation scheme for physically interesting objects in these models does not lead to a power series expansion in the relevant coupling constant but to a more complicated asymptotic behavior.
[ { "created": "Tue, 19 Aug 2008 09:51:42 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "G.", "J. Fernando Barbero", "" ], [ "Garay", "Iñaki", "" ], [ "Villaseñor", "Eduardo J. S.", "" ] ]
We discuss two different types of issues concerning the quantization of Einstein-Rosen waves. First of all we study in detail the possibility of using the coherent states corresponding to the dynamics of the auxiliary, free Hamiltonian appearing in the description of the model to study the full dynamics of the system. For time periods of arbitrary length we show that this is only possible for states that are close, in a precise mathematical sense, to the vacuum. We do this by comparing the quantum evolutions defined by the auxiliary and physical Hamiltonians on the class of coherent states. In the second part of the paper we study the structure of n-point functions. As we will show their detailed behavior differs from the one corresponding to standard perturbative quantum field theories. We take this as a manifestation of the fact that the correct approximation scheme for physically interesting objects in these models does not lead to a power series expansion in the relevant coupling constant but to a more complicated asymptotic behavior.
gr-qc/0001098
Rosario Martin
Rosario Martin and Enric Verdaguer
Stochastic semiclassical fluctuations in Minkowski spacetime
28 pages, RevTeX, no figures
Phys.Rev. D61 (2000) 124024
10.1103/PhysRevD.61.124024
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
The semiclassical Einstein-Langevin equations which describe the dynamics of stochastic perturbations of the metric induced by quantum stress-energy fluctuations of matter fields in a given state are considered on the background of the ground state of semiclassical gravity, namely, Minkowski spacetime and a scalar field in its vacuum state. The relevant equations are explicitly derived for massless and massive fields arbitrarily coupled to the curvature. In doing so, some semiclassical results, such as the expectation value of the stress-energy tensor to linear order in the metric perturbations and particle creation effects, are obtained. We then solve the equations and compute the two-point correlation functions for the linearized Einstein tensor and for the metric perturbations. In the conformal field case, explicit results are obtained. These results hint that gravitational fluctuations in stochastic semiclassical gravity have a ``non-perturbative'' behavior in some characteristic correlation lengths.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 Jan 2000 16:16:13 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Martin", "Rosario", "" ], [ "Verdaguer", "Enric", "" ] ]
The semiclassical Einstein-Langevin equations which describe the dynamics of stochastic perturbations of the metric induced by quantum stress-energy fluctuations of matter fields in a given state are considered on the background of the ground state of semiclassical gravity, namely, Minkowski spacetime and a scalar field in its vacuum state. The relevant equations are explicitly derived for massless and massive fields arbitrarily coupled to the curvature. In doing so, some semiclassical results, such as the expectation value of the stress-energy tensor to linear order in the metric perturbations and particle creation effects, are obtained. We then solve the equations and compute the two-point correlation functions for the linearized Einstein tensor and for the metric perturbations. In the conformal field case, explicit results are obtained. These results hint that gravitational fluctuations in stochastic semiclassical gravity have a ``non-perturbative'' behavior in some characteristic correlation lengths.
gr-qc/0010026
Francisco Navarro
F. J. Chinea (Univ. Complutense, Madrid (Spain)), F. Navarro-Lerida (Univ. Complutense, Madrid (Spain))
Twisting type-N vacuum fields with a group $H_2$
LaTeX, 11 pages. To be published in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Class.Quant.Grav. 17 (2000) 4587-4596
10.1088/0264-9381/17/21/314
null
gr-qc
null
We derive the equations corresponding to twisting type-N vacuum gravitational fields with one Killing vector and one homothetic Killing vector by using the same approach as that developed by one of us in order to treat the case with two non-commuting Killing vectors. We study the case when the homothetic parameter $\phi$ takes the value -1, which is shown to admit a reduction to a third-order real ordinary differential equation for this problem, similar to that previously obtained by one of us when two Killing vectors are present.
[ { "created": "Sat, 7 Oct 2000 21:28:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Chinea", "F. J.", "", "Univ. Complutense, Madrid" ], [ "Navarro-Lerida", "F.", "", "Univ. Complutense, Madrid" ] ]
We derive the equations corresponding to twisting type-N vacuum gravitational fields with one Killing vector and one homothetic Killing vector by using the same approach as that developed by one of us in order to treat the case with two non-commuting Killing vectors. We study the case when the homothetic parameter $\phi$ takes the value -1, which is shown to admit a reduction to a third-order real ordinary differential equation for this problem, similar to that previously obtained by one of us when two Killing vectors are present.
0710.0614
Lawrence E. Kidder
Lawrence E. Kidder
Using Full Information When Computing Modes of Post-Newtonian Waveforms From Inspiralling Compact Binaries in Circular Orbit
15 pages
Phys.Rev.D77:044016,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.77.044016
null
gr-qc
null
The increasing sophistication and accuracy of numerical simulations of compact binaries (especially binary black holes) presents the opportunity to test the regime in which post-Newtonian (PN) predictions for the emitted gravitational waves are accurate. In order to confront numerical results with those of post-Newtonian theory, it is convenient to compare multipolar decompositions of the two waveforms. It is pointed out here that the individual modes can be computed to higher post-Newtonian order by examining the radiative multipole moments of the system, rather than by decomposing the 2.5PN polarization waveforms. In particular, the dominant (l = 2, m = 2) mode can be computed to 3PN order. Individual modes are computed to as high a post-Newtonian order as possible given previous post-Newtonian results.
[ { "created": "Tue, 2 Oct 2007 19:46:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Kidder", "Lawrence E.", "" ] ]
The increasing sophistication and accuracy of numerical simulations of compact binaries (especially binary black holes) presents the opportunity to test the regime in which post-Newtonian (PN) predictions for the emitted gravitational waves are accurate. In order to confront numerical results with those of post-Newtonian theory, it is convenient to compare multipolar decompositions of the two waveforms. It is pointed out here that the individual modes can be computed to higher post-Newtonian order by examining the radiative multipole moments of the system, rather than by decomposing the 2.5PN polarization waveforms. In particular, the dominant (l = 2, m = 2) mode can be computed to 3PN order. Individual modes are computed to as high a post-Newtonian order as possible given previous post-Newtonian results.
2012.12606
David Senjaya
David Senjaya and Alejandro Saiz Rivera
Canonical Quantization of Neutral and Charged Static Black Hole as a Gravitational Atom
Presented in Siam Physics Conference 2020
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The gravitational field is usually neglected in the calculation of atomic energy levels as its effect is much weaker than the electromagnetic field, but that is not the case for a particle orbiting a black hole. In this work, the canonical quantization of a massive and massless particles under gravitational field exerted by this tiny but very massive object, both neutral and charged, is carried out. By using this method, a very rare exact result of the particle's quantized energy can be discovered. The presence of a very strong attractive field and also the horizon make the energy complex valued and force the corresponding wave function to be a quasibound state. Moreover, by taking the small scale limit, the system becomes a gravitational atom in the sense of Hydrogenic atoms energy levels and its wave function can be rediscovered. Moreover, analogous to electronic transitions, the transition of the particle in this case emits a graviton which carries a unique fingerprint of the black hole such as black hole's mass and charge.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Dec 2020 11:17:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-12-24
[ [ "Senjaya", "David", "" ], [ "Rivera", "Alejandro Saiz", "" ] ]
The gravitational field is usually neglected in the calculation of atomic energy levels as its effect is much weaker than the electromagnetic field, but that is not the case for a particle orbiting a black hole. In this work, the canonical quantization of a massive and massless particles under gravitational field exerted by this tiny but very massive object, both neutral and charged, is carried out. By using this method, a very rare exact result of the particle's quantized energy can be discovered. The presence of a very strong attractive field and also the horizon make the energy complex valued and force the corresponding wave function to be a quasibound state. Moreover, by taking the small scale limit, the system becomes a gravitational atom in the sense of Hydrogenic atoms energy levels and its wave function can be rediscovered. Moreover, analogous to electronic transitions, the transition of the particle in this case emits a graviton which carries a unique fingerprint of the black hole such as black hole's mass and charge.
gr-qc/9911043
Simon Davis
Simon Davis and Hugh Luckock
The Effect of Higher-Order Curvature Terms on String Quantum Cosmology
24 pages, TeX. Several remarks on operator ordering, the complete computation of $H_1\psi_0$, and approximate solutions of the $a$ and $\Phi$ equations of motion, which are stable and exponentially expanding, have been included. Substantial revision of equations (5)-(7), (10)-(20) from version 2
Phys.Lett. B485 (2000) 408-421
10.1016/S0370-2693(00)00610-9
Report 99-23
gr-qc
null
Several new results regarding the quantum cosmology of the quadratic gravity theory derived from the heterotic string effective action are presented. After describing techniques for solving the Wheeler-De Witt equation with appropriate boundary conditions, it is shown that this quantum cosmological model may be compared with semiclassical theories of inflationary cosmology. In particular, it should be possible to compute corrections to the standard inflationary model perturbatively about a stable exponentially expanding classical background.
[ { "created": "Wed, 10 Nov 1999 23:04:20 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 25 Feb 2000 08:06:11 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 9 Aug 2000 14:31:11 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Davis", "Simon", "" ], [ "Luckock", "Hugh", "" ] ]
Several new results regarding the quantum cosmology of the quadratic gravity theory derived from the heterotic string effective action are presented. After describing techniques for solving the Wheeler-De Witt equation with appropriate boundary conditions, it is shown that this quantum cosmological model may be compared with semiclassical theories of inflationary cosmology. In particular, it should be possible to compute corrections to the standard inflationary model perturbatively about a stable exponentially expanding classical background.
1212.2709
Yousef Bisabr
Yousef Bisabr (Farzan-Nahad)
On the Chameleon Brans-Dicke Cosmology
9 pages, no figure
Phys. Rev. D 86, 127503 (2012)
10.1103/PhysRevD.86.127503
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider a generalized Brans-Dicke model in which the scalar field has a potential function and is also allowed to couple non-minimally with the matter sector. We assume a power law form for the potential and the coupling functions as the inputs of the model and show that acceleration of the universe can be realized for a constrained range of exponent of the potential function. We also argue that this accelerating phase is consistent with a large and positive Brans-Dicke parameter. In our analysis, the potential plays a more important role with respect to the coupling function in dynamics of the universe as the latter does not contribute to any of the relations characterizing evolution of scale factor of the universe and the scalar field. However, we will show that the coupling function is closely related to magnitude and direction of the energy transfer between matter and the scale field. We use this fact and some thermodynamic aspects of the model to put some constraints on the coupling function. In particular, we argue that the second law of thermodynamics constrains direction of the overall energy transfer.
[ { "created": "Wed, 12 Dec 2012 05:41:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 13 Dec 2012 05:50:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-12-14
[ [ "Bisabr", "Yousef", "", "Farzan-Nahad" ] ]
We consider a generalized Brans-Dicke model in which the scalar field has a potential function and is also allowed to couple non-minimally with the matter sector. We assume a power law form for the potential and the coupling functions as the inputs of the model and show that acceleration of the universe can be realized for a constrained range of exponent of the potential function. We also argue that this accelerating phase is consistent with a large and positive Brans-Dicke parameter. In our analysis, the potential plays a more important role with respect to the coupling function in dynamics of the universe as the latter does not contribute to any of the relations characterizing evolution of scale factor of the universe and the scalar field. However, we will show that the coupling function is closely related to magnitude and direction of the energy transfer between matter and the scale field. We use this fact and some thermodynamic aspects of the model to put some constraints on the coupling function. In particular, we argue that the second law of thermodynamics constrains direction of the overall energy transfer.
1301.5508
Radu Slobodeanu Al.
Radu Slobodeanu
Shear-free perfect fluids with linear equation of state
24 pages. Expanded Sections 1, 7 and 8; minor change in the end of Section 4; added references. Mathematica files available at http://unibuc.ro/prof/slobodeanu_r_a/resurse.php
null
10.1088/0264-9381/31/12/125012
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.DG math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We prove that shear-free perfect fluid solutions of Einstein's field equations must be either expansion-free or non-rotating (as conjectured by Treciokas and Ellis) for all linear equations of state $p = w \rho$ except for six values of $w$.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Jan 2013 14:14:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 8 Mar 2013 11:21:27 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-12
[ [ "Slobodeanu", "Radu", "" ] ]
We prove that shear-free perfect fluid solutions of Einstein's field equations must be either expansion-free or non-rotating (as conjectured by Treciokas and Ellis) for all linear equations of state $p = w \rho$ except for six values of $w$.
gr-qc/0401063
Slava G. Turyshev
Slava G. Turyshev, Michael Shao and Kenneth L. Nordtvedt Jr
The Laser Astrometric Test of Relativity Mission
8 pages, 2 figures, invited talk given at the Second International Conference on Particle and Fundamental Physics in Space (SpacePart'03), 10-12 December 2003, Washington, DC
Nucl.Phys.Proc.Suppl. 134 (2004) 171-178
10.1088/0264-9381/21/12/001
null
gr-qc
null
This paper discusses new fundamental physics experiment to test relativistic gravity at the accuracy better than the effects of the 2nd order in the gravitational field strength. The Laser Astrometric Test Of Relativity (LATOR) mission uses laser interferometry between two micro-spacecraft whose lines of sight pass close by the Sun to accurately measure deflection of light in the solar gravity. The key element of the experimental design is a redundant geometry optical truss provided by a long-baseline (100 m) multi-channel stellar optical interferometer placed on the International Space Station. The geometric redundancy enables LATOR to measure the departure from Euclidean geometry caused by the solar gravity field to a very high accuracy. LATOR will not only improve the value of the parameterized post-Newtonian (PPN) parameter gamma to unprecedented levels of accuracy of 1 part in 1e8, it will also reach ability to measure effects of the next post-Newtonian order (1/c^4) of light deflection resulting from gravity's intrinsic non-linearity. The solar quadrupole moment parameter, J2, will be measured with high precision, as well as a variety of other relativistic. LATOR will lead to very robust advances in the tests of fundamental physics: this mission could discover a violation or extension of general relativity, or reveal the presence of an additional long range interaction in the physical law. There are no analogs to the LATOR experiment; it is unique and is a natural culmination of solar system gravity experiments.
[ { "created": "Thu, 15 Jan 2004 07:57:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Turyshev", "Slava G.", "" ], [ "Shao", "Michael", "" ], [ "Nordtvedt", "Kenneth L.", "Jr" ] ]
This paper discusses new fundamental physics experiment to test relativistic gravity at the accuracy better than the effects of the 2nd order in the gravitational field strength. The Laser Astrometric Test Of Relativity (LATOR) mission uses laser interferometry between two micro-spacecraft whose lines of sight pass close by the Sun to accurately measure deflection of light in the solar gravity. The key element of the experimental design is a redundant geometry optical truss provided by a long-baseline (100 m) multi-channel stellar optical interferometer placed on the International Space Station. The geometric redundancy enables LATOR to measure the departure from Euclidean geometry caused by the solar gravity field to a very high accuracy. LATOR will not only improve the value of the parameterized post-Newtonian (PPN) parameter gamma to unprecedented levels of accuracy of 1 part in 1e8, it will also reach ability to measure effects of the next post-Newtonian order (1/c^4) of light deflection resulting from gravity's intrinsic non-linearity. The solar quadrupole moment parameter, J2, will be measured with high precision, as well as a variety of other relativistic. LATOR will lead to very robust advances in the tests of fundamental physics: this mission could discover a violation or extension of general relativity, or reveal the presence of an additional long range interaction in the physical law. There are no analogs to the LATOR experiment; it is unique and is a natural culmination of solar system gravity experiments.
2008.04404
John W. Moffat
J. W. Moffat
Modified Gravity (MOG) and Heavy Neutron Star in Mass Gap
4 pages, no figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The modified gravity (MOG) theory is applied to the gravitational wave binary merger GW190814 to demonstrate that the modified Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation for a neutron star can produce a mass $M=2.6 -2.7 M_\odot$, allowing for the binary secondary component to be identified as a heavy neutron star in the hypothesized mass gap $2.5 - 5 M_\odot$.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 Aug 2020 20:27:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-08-17
[ [ "Moffat", "J. W.", "" ] ]
The modified gravity (MOG) theory is applied to the gravitational wave binary merger GW190814 to demonstrate that the modified Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation for a neutron star can produce a mass $M=2.6 -2.7 M_\odot$, allowing for the binary secondary component to be identified as a heavy neutron star in the hypothesized mass gap $2.5 - 5 M_\odot$.
gr-qc/0111097
Daniel Grumiller
Daniel Grumiller
Virtual black hole phenomenology from 2d dilaton theories
17 pages, 13 figures
Class.Quant.Grav. 19 (2002) 997-1009
10.1088/0264-9381/19/5/311
TUW-01-31
gr-qc hep-th
null
Equipped with the tools of (spherically reduced) dilaton gravity in first order formulation and with the results for the lowest order S-matrix for s-wave gravitational scattering (P. Fischer, D. Grumiller, W. Kummer, and D. Vassilevich, gr-qc/0105034) new properties of the ensuing cross-section are discussed. We find CPT invariance, despite of the non-local nature of our effective theory and discover pseudo-self-similarity in its kinematic sector. After presenting the Carter-Penrose diagram for the corresponding virtual black hole geometry we encounter distributional contributions to its Ricci-scalar and a vanishing Einstein-Hilbert action for that configuration. Finally, a comparison is done between our (Minkowskian) virtual black hole and Hawking's (Euclidean) virtual black hole bubbles.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Nov 2001 16:13:47 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 26 Feb 2002 12:51:47 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Grumiller", "Daniel", "" ] ]
Equipped with the tools of (spherically reduced) dilaton gravity in first order formulation and with the results for the lowest order S-matrix for s-wave gravitational scattering (P. Fischer, D. Grumiller, W. Kummer, and D. Vassilevich, gr-qc/0105034) new properties of the ensuing cross-section are discussed. We find CPT invariance, despite of the non-local nature of our effective theory and discover pseudo-self-similarity in its kinematic sector. After presenting the Carter-Penrose diagram for the corresponding virtual black hole geometry we encounter distributional contributions to its Ricci-scalar and a vanishing Einstein-Hilbert action for that configuration. Finally, a comparison is done between our (Minkowskian) virtual black hole and Hawking's (Euclidean) virtual black hole bubbles.
2407.07043
Ethan Payne
Ethan Payne, Maximiliano Isi, Katerina Chatziioannou, Luis Lehner, Yanbei Chen, Will M. Farr
The curvature dependence of gravitational-wave tests of General Relativity
8 pages, 3 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
High-energy extensions to General Relativity modify the Einstein-Hilbert action with higher-order curvature corrections and theory-specific coupling constants. The order of these corrections imprints a universal curvature dependence on observations while the coupling constant controls the deviation strength. In this Letter, we leverage the theory-independent expectation that modifications to the action of a given order in spacetime curvature (Riemann tensor and contractions) lead to observational deviations that scale with the system length-scale to a corresponding power. Focusing on gravitational wave observations, the relevant scale is the binary total mass, and deviations scale as a power of mass $p$ related to the action order. For example, $p=4,6$ arise in effective field theory for cubic and quartic theories respectively. We incorporate this universal scaling into theory-agnostic tests of General Relativity with current gravitational-wave observations, thus enabling constraints on the curvature scaling without compromising the agnostic nature of these tests. This introduces a flexible yet highly interpretable new paradigm for tests of General Relativity with gravitational-wave catalogs.
[ { "created": "Tue, 9 Jul 2024 17:04:10 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-10
[ [ "Payne", "Ethan", "" ], [ "Isi", "Maximiliano", "" ], [ "Chatziioannou", "Katerina", "" ], [ "Lehner", "Luis", "" ], [ "Chen", "Yanbei", "" ], [ "Farr", "Will M.", "" ] ]
High-energy extensions to General Relativity modify the Einstein-Hilbert action with higher-order curvature corrections and theory-specific coupling constants. The order of these corrections imprints a universal curvature dependence on observations while the coupling constant controls the deviation strength. In this Letter, we leverage the theory-independent expectation that modifications to the action of a given order in spacetime curvature (Riemann tensor and contractions) lead to observational deviations that scale with the system length-scale to a corresponding power. Focusing on gravitational wave observations, the relevant scale is the binary total mass, and deviations scale as a power of mass $p$ related to the action order. For example, $p=4,6$ arise in effective field theory for cubic and quartic theories respectively. We incorporate this universal scaling into theory-agnostic tests of General Relativity with current gravitational-wave observations, thus enabling constraints on the curvature scaling without compromising the agnostic nature of these tests. This introduces a flexible yet highly interpretable new paradigm for tests of General Relativity with gravitational-wave catalogs.
2110.02704
Lorenzo Annulli
Lorenzo Annulli
Challenging theories of gravitation: dark matter, compact objects and gravitational waves
224 pages, PhD Thesis
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The most accurate model to describe the gravitational interaction is the well-known theory of General Relativity. Several observational evidences corroborate the legitimacy of the theory compared to the older Newtonian gravity. General Relativity furthermore predicts the existence of gravitational waves, i.e. spacetime ripples produced by accelerated masses. Thanks to a connected network of interferometers called LIGO/Virgo, gravitational waves from the coalescence of massive and compact astrophysical bodies have been measured directly. These recent observations paved the way to a completely new route to test the gravitational interaction. The possibility of using gravitational waves to obtain a deeper understanding of open problems within General Relativity motivates the work developed in this thesis. Each part is essentially devoted to challenging the current model of gravitation, sometimes including yet undiscovered new matter fields, and other times modifying the theoretical framework of General Relativity. In the first part of this manuscript, I discuss the astrophysical consequences of the presence of scalar fields permeating galaxies. A detailed picture of the interaction of massive black holes and scalar dark matter structures is provided. The second part is dedicated to the analysis of the generation and propagation of gravitational waves. As an example, I examine the close limit approximation as a promising tool to investigate the collision of extreme compact objects. The last part of this thesis instead focuses on unstable mechanisms around black holes and stars (scalarization and vectorization), in two alternative models of gravitation.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Oct 2021 12:44:12 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-10-07
[ [ "Annulli", "Lorenzo", "" ] ]
The most accurate model to describe the gravitational interaction is the well-known theory of General Relativity. Several observational evidences corroborate the legitimacy of the theory compared to the older Newtonian gravity. General Relativity furthermore predicts the existence of gravitational waves, i.e. spacetime ripples produced by accelerated masses. Thanks to a connected network of interferometers called LIGO/Virgo, gravitational waves from the coalescence of massive and compact astrophysical bodies have been measured directly. These recent observations paved the way to a completely new route to test the gravitational interaction. The possibility of using gravitational waves to obtain a deeper understanding of open problems within General Relativity motivates the work developed in this thesis. Each part is essentially devoted to challenging the current model of gravitation, sometimes including yet undiscovered new matter fields, and other times modifying the theoretical framework of General Relativity. In the first part of this manuscript, I discuss the astrophysical consequences of the presence of scalar fields permeating galaxies. A detailed picture of the interaction of massive black holes and scalar dark matter structures is provided. The second part is dedicated to the analysis of the generation and propagation of gravitational waves. As an example, I examine the close limit approximation as a promising tool to investigate the collision of extreme compact objects. The last part of this thesis instead focuses on unstable mechanisms around black holes and stars (scalarization and vectorization), in two alternative models of gravitation.
gr-qc/0108047
Michael D. Seifert
M. Seifert
Angle and Volume Studies in Quantized Space
Undergraduate thesis. 85 pp. (incl. TOC & appendices), 21 figures (not incl. diagrams in eqns.)
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
The search for a quantum theory of gravity is one of the major challenges facing theoretical physics today. While no complete theory exists, a promising avenue of research is the loop quantum gravity approach. In this approach, quantum states are represented by spin networks, essentially graphs with weighted edges. Since general relativity predicts the structure of space, any quantum theory of gravity must do so as well; thus, "spatial observables" such as area, volume, and angle are given by the eigenvalues of Hermitian operators on the spin network states. We present results obtained in our investigations of the angle and volume operators, two operators which act on the vertices of spin networks. We find that the minimum observable angle is inversely proportional to the square root of the total spin of the vertex, a fairly slow decrease to zero. We also present numerical results indicating that the angle operator can reproduce the classical angle distribution. The volume operator is significantly harder to investigate analytically; however, we present analytical and numerical results indicating that the volume of a region scales as the 3/2 power of its bounding surface, which corresponds to the classical model of space.
[ { "created": "Sun, 19 Aug 2001 15:27:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Seifert", "M.", "" ] ]
The search for a quantum theory of gravity is one of the major challenges facing theoretical physics today. While no complete theory exists, a promising avenue of research is the loop quantum gravity approach. In this approach, quantum states are represented by spin networks, essentially graphs with weighted edges. Since general relativity predicts the structure of space, any quantum theory of gravity must do so as well; thus, "spatial observables" such as area, volume, and angle are given by the eigenvalues of Hermitian operators on the spin network states. We present results obtained in our investigations of the angle and volume operators, two operators which act on the vertices of spin networks. We find that the minimum observable angle is inversely proportional to the square root of the total spin of the vertex, a fairly slow decrease to zero. We also present numerical results indicating that the angle operator can reproduce the classical angle distribution. The volume operator is significantly harder to investigate analytically; however, we present analytical and numerical results indicating that the volume of a region scales as the 3/2 power of its bounding surface, which corresponds to the classical model of space.
gr-qc/0401113
Jose A. Gonzalez
Miguel Alcubierre and Jose A. Gonzalez
Regularization of spherically symmetric evolution codes in numerical relativity
7 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Computer Physics Communications
Comput.Phys.Commun. 167 (2005) 76-84
10.1016/j.cpc.2005.01.008
null
gr-qc
null
The lack of regularity of geometric variables at the origin is often a source of serious problem for spherically symmetric evolution codes in numerical relativity. One usually deals with this by restricting the gauge and solving the hamiltonian constraint for the metric. Here we present a generic algorithm for dealing with the regularization of the origin that can be used directly on the evolution equations and that allows very general gauge choices. Our approach is similar in spirit to the one introduced by Arbona and Bona for the particular case of the Bona-Masso formulation. However, our algorithm is more general and can be used with a wide variety of evolution systems.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Jan 2004 19:25:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Alcubierre", "Miguel", "" ], [ "Gonzalez", "Jose A.", "" ] ]
The lack of regularity of geometric variables at the origin is often a source of serious problem for spherically symmetric evolution codes in numerical relativity. One usually deals with this by restricting the gauge and solving the hamiltonian constraint for the metric. Here we present a generic algorithm for dealing with the regularization of the origin that can be used directly on the evolution equations and that allows very general gauge choices. Our approach is similar in spirit to the one introduced by Arbona and Bona for the particular case of the Bona-Masso formulation. However, our algorithm is more general and can be used with a wide variety of evolution systems.
1004.2470
Mauro Cattani
M.Cattani
Gravitational Waves III: Detecting Systems
12 pages 2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In a recent paper we have deduced the basic equations that predict the emission of gravitational waves (GW) according to the Einstein gravitation theory. In a subsequent paper these equations have been used to calculate the luminosities and the amplitudes of the waves generated by binary stars, pulsations of neutron stars, wobbling of deformed neutron stars, oscillating quadrupoles, rotating bars and collapsing and bouncing cores of supernovas. We show here how the GW could be detected in our laboratories. This paper, like the preceding ones, was written to graduate and postgraduate students of Physics.
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Apr 2010 18:43:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-04-15
[ [ "Cattani", "M.", "" ] ]
In a recent paper we have deduced the basic equations that predict the emission of gravitational waves (GW) according to the Einstein gravitation theory. In a subsequent paper these equations have been used to calculate the luminosities and the amplitudes of the waves generated by binary stars, pulsations of neutron stars, wobbling of deformed neutron stars, oscillating quadrupoles, rotating bars and collapsing and bouncing cores of supernovas. We show here how the GW could be detected in our laboratories. This paper, like the preceding ones, was written to graduate and postgraduate students of Physics.
gr-qc/0205016
Simonetta Frittelli
Simonetta Frittelli and Ezra T. Newman
Dynamics of Fermat potentials in non-perturbative gravitational lensing
Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev. D65 (2002) 123006
10.1103/PhysRevD.65.123006
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We present a framework, based on the null-surface formulation of general relativity, for discussing the dynamics of Fermat potentials for gravitational lensing in a generic situation without approximations of any kind. Additionally, we derive two lens equations: one for the case of thick compact lenses and the other one for lensing by gravitational waves. These equations in principle generalize the astrophysical scheme for lensing by removing the thin-lens approximation while retaining the weak fields.
[ { "created": "Fri, 3 May 2002 20:35:13 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Frittelli", "Simonetta", "" ], [ "Newman", "Ezra T.", "" ] ]
We present a framework, based on the null-surface formulation of general relativity, for discussing the dynamics of Fermat potentials for gravitational lensing in a generic situation without approximations of any kind. Additionally, we derive two lens equations: one for the case of thick compact lenses and the other one for lensing by gravitational waves. These equations in principle generalize the astrophysical scheme for lensing by removing the thin-lens approximation while retaining the weak fields.
2304.10367
Daniel Harlow
Daniel Harlow
Black holes in quantum gravity
36 pages. This chapter is the pre-print of the version currently in production. Please cite this chapter as the following: D.Harlow. "Black holes in quantum gravity" in The Encyclopedia of Cosmology (Set 2): Black Holes, edited by Z. Haiman (World Scientific, New Jersey, 2023)
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This chapter gives an overview of the quantum aspects of black holes, focusing on the black hole information problem, the counting of black hole entropy in string theory, and the emergence of spacetime in holography. It is aimed at a broad physics audience, and does not presuppose knowledge of string theory or holography.
[ { "created": "Wed, 19 Apr 2023 14:44:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-04-21
[ [ "Harlow", "Daniel", "" ] ]
This chapter gives an overview of the quantum aspects of black holes, focusing on the black hole information problem, the counting of black hole entropy in string theory, and the emergence of spacetime in holography. It is aimed at a broad physics audience, and does not presuppose knowledge of string theory or holography.
1202.3864
Amare Abebe Mr
Amare Abebe, Rituparno Goswami and Peter K.S. Dunsby
Simultaneous expansion and rotation of shear-free universes in modified gravity
4 pages, no figures. Contribution submitted to the proceedings of the Spanish Relativity Meeting ERE2011, September 2011, Madrid, Spain
null
10.1063/1.4734421
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We show in a fully covariant way that, there exist a class of $f(R)$ models for which a shear-free, almost FLRW universe can expand and rotate at the same time .
[ { "created": "Fri, 17 Feb 2012 10:17:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-04
[ [ "Abebe", "Amare", "" ], [ "Goswami", "Rituparno", "" ], [ "Dunsby", "Peter K. S.", "" ] ]
We show in a fully covariant way that, there exist a class of $f(R)$ models for which a shear-free, almost FLRW universe can expand and rotate at the same time .
gr-qc/0411049
Charles Hoyle
L. Carbone, A. Cavalleri, R. Dolesi, C.D. Hoyle, M. Hueller, S. Vitale, and W.J. Weber
Improved Torsion Pendulum for Ground Testing of LISA Displacement Sensors
4 pages 1 figure, to appear in the Proceedings of the 10th Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity
null
10.1142/9789812704030_0258
null
gr-qc
null
We discuss a new torsion pendulum design for ground testing of prototype LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) displacement sensors. This new design is directly sensitive to net forces and therefore provides a more representative test of the noisy forces and parasitic stiffnesses acting on the test mass as compared to previous ground-based experiments. We also discuss a specific application to the measurement of thermal gradient effects.
[ { "created": "Tue, 9 Nov 2004 23:44:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-11-09
[ [ "Carbone", "L.", "" ], [ "Cavalleri", "A.", "" ], [ "Dolesi", "R.", "" ], [ "Hoyle", "C. D.", "" ], [ "Hueller", "M.", "" ], [ "Vitale", "S.", "" ], [ "Weber", "W. J.", "" ] ]
We discuss a new torsion pendulum design for ground testing of prototype LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) displacement sensors. This new design is directly sensitive to net forces and therefore provides a more representative test of the noisy forces and parasitic stiffnesses acting on the test mass as compared to previous ground-based experiments. We also discuss a specific application to the measurement of thermal gradient effects.
gr-qc/0610029
Firmin Oliveira
Firmin J. Oliveira
Is the pioneer anomaly a counter example to the dark matter hypothesis?
Ver. 1: 4 pages. Submitted for publication. Ver. 2: 7 pages. The extension of the Hubble law to massive particles is the same as in version 1, but the rest is a total re-write. Intended to be submitted for publication. Ver. 3: 8 pages. Ver. 4: 10 pages. Theoretical support added (JL Anderson) Ver. 5: 9 pages. Title changed. Accepted by Int. J. Theor. Phys
null
10.1007/s10773-007-9434-y
null
gr-qc
null
The Hubble law is extended to massive particles based on the de Broglie wavelength. Due to the expansion of the universe the wavelength of an unbound particle would increase according to its cosmological redshift. Based on the navigation anomalies of the Pioneer 10 & 11 spacecraft it is postulated that an unbound massive particle has a cosmological redshift z = (c / v_0) H_0 t, where c is the speed of light in vacuum, v_0 is the initial velocity of the particle, H_0 is Hubble's constant and t is the duration of time that the particle has been unbound. The increase in wavelength of the particle corresponds to a decrease in its speed by delta_v = - c H_0 t. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that the solar system has escaped the gravity of the Galaxy as evidenced by its orbital speed and radial distance and by the visible mass within the solar system radius. This means that spacecraft which become unbound to the solar system would also be galactically unbound and subject to the Hubble law. This hypothesis and the extended Hubble law may explain the anomalous acceleration found to be acting upon the unbound Pioneer 10 & 11 spacecraft. Thus, the Pioneer anomaly may be a counter example to the dark matter hypothesis. Because photons have a speed which make them unbound to the Galaxy, it is predicted that the navigation beam in open space would undergo a cosmological redshift in its frequency which would be detectable with modern clocks.
[ { "created": "Sun, 8 Oct 2006 03:18:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 15 Nov 2006 00:00:33 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 2 Dec 2006 01:38:07 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sat, 6 Jan 2007 00:16:00 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Wed, 6 Jun 2007 03:18:47 GMT", "version": "v5" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Oliveira", "Firmin J.", "" ] ]
The Hubble law is extended to massive particles based on the de Broglie wavelength. Due to the expansion of the universe the wavelength of an unbound particle would increase according to its cosmological redshift. Based on the navigation anomalies of the Pioneer 10 & 11 spacecraft it is postulated that an unbound massive particle has a cosmological redshift z = (c / v_0) H_0 t, where c is the speed of light in vacuum, v_0 is the initial velocity of the particle, H_0 is Hubble's constant and t is the duration of time that the particle has been unbound. The increase in wavelength of the particle corresponds to a decrease in its speed by delta_v = - c H_0 t. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that the solar system has escaped the gravity of the Galaxy as evidenced by its orbital speed and radial distance and by the visible mass within the solar system radius. This means that spacecraft which become unbound to the solar system would also be galactically unbound and subject to the Hubble law. This hypothesis and the extended Hubble law may explain the anomalous acceleration found to be acting upon the unbound Pioneer 10 & 11 spacecraft. Thus, the Pioneer anomaly may be a counter example to the dark matter hypothesis. Because photons have a speed which make them unbound to the Galaxy, it is predicted that the navigation beam in open space would undergo a cosmological redshift in its frequency which would be detectable with modern clocks.
1201.2071
Salvatore Capozziello
S. Capozziello, M. De Laurentis, G. Lambiase
Cosmic relic abundance and f(R) gravity
9 pages, 2 figures
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2012.07.007
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The cosmological consequences of $f(R)$ gravity are reviewed in the framework of recent data obtained by PAMELA (Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics) experiment. This collaboration has reported an excess of positron events that cannot be explained by conventional cosmology and particle physics, and are usually ascribed to the dark matter presence (in particular, weak interacting massive particles). The dark matter interpretation of PAMELA data has motivated the study of alternative cosmological models (with respect to the standard cosmology) owing to the fact that they predict an enhancement of the Hubble expansion rate, giving rise, in such a way, to thermal relics with a larger relic abundance. Our analysis shows that $f(R)$ cosmology allows to explain the PAMELA puzzle for dark matter relic particles with masses of the order or lesser than $10^2$ GeV in the regime $\rho^c \lesssim \rho^m $ where $\rho^c$ is the curvature density and $\rho^m$ the radiation density. For the model $f(R)=R+\alpha R^n$, it then follows that $n\simeq 1$ and small corrections with respect to General Relativity could lead indeed to address the experimental results. However other interesting cosmological models can be considered during the pre-BBN epoch as soon as the BBN constraints are relaxed. In such a case, the PAMELA data can be fitted for a larger class of $f(R)$-models.
[ { "created": "Tue, 10 Jan 2012 15:15:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 19 Jul 2012 07:13:55 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-07-20
[ [ "Capozziello", "S.", "" ], [ "De Laurentis", "M.", "" ], [ "Lambiase", "G.", "" ] ]
The cosmological consequences of $f(R)$ gravity are reviewed in the framework of recent data obtained by PAMELA (Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics) experiment. This collaboration has reported an excess of positron events that cannot be explained by conventional cosmology and particle physics, and are usually ascribed to the dark matter presence (in particular, weak interacting massive particles). The dark matter interpretation of PAMELA data has motivated the study of alternative cosmological models (with respect to the standard cosmology) owing to the fact that they predict an enhancement of the Hubble expansion rate, giving rise, in such a way, to thermal relics with a larger relic abundance. Our analysis shows that $f(R)$ cosmology allows to explain the PAMELA puzzle for dark matter relic particles with masses of the order or lesser than $10^2$ GeV in the regime $\rho^c \lesssim \rho^m $ where $\rho^c$ is the curvature density and $\rho^m$ the radiation density. For the model $f(R)=R+\alpha R^n$, it then follows that $n\simeq 1$ and small corrections with respect to General Relativity could lead indeed to address the experimental results. However other interesting cosmological models can be considered during the pre-BBN epoch as soon as the BBN constraints are relaxed. In such a case, the PAMELA data can be fitted for a larger class of $f(R)$-models.
1712.07658
Ian Ruchlin
Ian Ruchlin and Zachariah B. Etienne and Thomas W. Baumgarte
SENR/NRPy+: Numerical Relativity in Singular Curvilinear Coordinate Systems
23 pages, 7 figures, matches published version
Phys. Rev. D 97, 064036 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.97.064036
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We report on a new open-source, user-friendly numerical relativity code package called SENR/NRPy+. Our code extends previous implementations of the BSSN reference-metric formulation to a much broader class of curvilinear coordinate systems, making it ideally-suited to modeling physical configurations with approximate or exact symmetries. In the context of modeling black hole dynamics, it is orders of magnitude more efficient than other widely used open-source numerical relativity codes. NRPy+ provides a Python-based interface in which equations are written in natural tensorial form and output at arbitrary finite difference order as highly efficient C code, putting complex tensorial equations at the scientist's fingertips without the need for an expensive software license. SENR provides the algorithmic framework that combines the C codes generated by NRPy+ into a functioning numerical relativity code. We validate against two other established, state-of-the-art codes, and achieve excellent agreement. For the first time we demonstrate--in the context of puncture, trumpet, and dual black hole evolutions--nearly exponential convergence of constraint violation and gravitational waveform errors to zero as the order of spatial finite difference derivatives is increased, while holding the spherical-like coordinate grids fixed at moderate resolution. Such behavior outside the horizons is remarkable, as numerical errors do not converge to zero inside horizons, and all points along the polar axis are coordinate singularities. The formulation addresses such coordinate singularities via cell-centered grids and a simple change of basis that analytically regularizes tensor components with respect to the coordinates. Future plans include extending this formulation to allow dynamical coordinate grids and bispherical-like distribution of points to efficiently capture orbiting compact binary dynamics.
[ { "created": "Wed, 20 Dec 2017 19:00:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 29 Mar 2018 14:16:23 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-03-30
[ [ "Ruchlin", "Ian", "" ], [ "Etienne", "Zachariah B.", "" ], [ "Baumgarte", "Thomas W.", "" ] ]
We report on a new open-source, user-friendly numerical relativity code package called SENR/NRPy+. Our code extends previous implementations of the BSSN reference-metric formulation to a much broader class of curvilinear coordinate systems, making it ideally-suited to modeling physical configurations with approximate or exact symmetries. In the context of modeling black hole dynamics, it is orders of magnitude more efficient than other widely used open-source numerical relativity codes. NRPy+ provides a Python-based interface in which equations are written in natural tensorial form and output at arbitrary finite difference order as highly efficient C code, putting complex tensorial equations at the scientist's fingertips without the need for an expensive software license. SENR provides the algorithmic framework that combines the C codes generated by NRPy+ into a functioning numerical relativity code. We validate against two other established, state-of-the-art codes, and achieve excellent agreement. For the first time we demonstrate--in the context of puncture, trumpet, and dual black hole evolutions--nearly exponential convergence of constraint violation and gravitational waveform errors to zero as the order of spatial finite difference derivatives is increased, while holding the spherical-like coordinate grids fixed at moderate resolution. Such behavior outside the horizons is remarkable, as numerical errors do not converge to zero inside horizons, and all points along the polar axis are coordinate singularities. The formulation addresses such coordinate singularities via cell-centered grids and a simple change of basis that analytically regularizes tensor components with respect to the coordinates. Future plans include extending this formulation to allow dynamical coordinate grids and bispherical-like distribution of points to efficiently capture orbiting compact binary dynamics.
gr-qc/0608020
Andrea Geralico
Donato Bini, Christian Cherubini, Geralico Andrea, Robert T. Jantzen
Massless spinning test particles in vacuum algebraically special spacetimes
Slightly modified version with respect to the published one [ International Journal of Modern Physics D, Vol. 15 pp. 737-758 (2006)] which unfortunately contains few (unespected) misprints
Int.J.Mod.Phys.D15:737-758,2006
10.1142/S0218271806008498
null
gr-qc
null
The motion of massless spinning test particles is investigated using the Newman-Penrose formalism within the Mathisson-Papapetrou model extended to massless particles by Mashhoon and supplemented by the Pirani condition. When the "multipole reduction world line" lies along a principal null direction of an algebraically special vacuum spacetime, the equations of motion can be explicitly integrated. Examples are given for some familiar spacetimes of this type in the interest of shedding some light on the consequences of this model.
[ { "created": "Fri, 4 Aug 2006 08:53:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-07-19
[ [ "Bini", "Donato", "" ], [ "Cherubini", "Christian", "" ], [ "Andrea", "Geralico", "" ], [ "Jantzen", "Robert T.", "" ] ]
The motion of massless spinning test particles is investigated using the Newman-Penrose formalism within the Mathisson-Papapetrou model extended to massless particles by Mashhoon and supplemented by the Pirani condition. When the "multipole reduction world line" lies along a principal null direction of an algebraically special vacuum spacetime, the equations of motion can be explicitly integrated. Examples are given for some familiar spacetimes of this type in the interest of shedding some light on the consequences of this model.
gr-qc/0412006
Nigel Bishop
Nigel T. Bishop
Linearized solutions of the Einstein equations within a Bondi-Sachs framework, and implications for boundary conditions in numerical simulations
Revised following referee comments
Class.Quant.Grav. 22 (2005) 2393-2406
10.1088/0264-9381/22/12/006
null
gr-qc
null
We linearize the Einstein equations when the metric is Bondi-Sachs, when the background is Schwarzschild or Minkowski, and when there is a matter source in the form of a thin shell whose density varies with time and angular position. By performing an eigenfunction decomposition, we reduce the problem to a system of linear ordinary differential equations which we are able to solve. The solutions are relevant to the characteristic formulation of numerical relativity: (a) as exact solutions against which computations of gravitational radiation can be compared; and (b) in formulating boundary conditions on the $r=2M$ Schwarzschild horizon.
[ { "created": "Thu, 2 Dec 2004 09:42:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 10 Jun 2005 11:34:09 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Bishop", "Nigel T.", "" ] ]
We linearize the Einstein equations when the metric is Bondi-Sachs, when the background is Schwarzschild or Minkowski, and when there is a matter source in the form of a thin shell whose density varies with time and angular position. By performing an eigenfunction decomposition, we reduce the problem to a system of linear ordinary differential equations which we are able to solve. The solutions are relevant to the characteristic formulation of numerical relativity: (a) as exact solutions against which computations of gravitational radiation can be compared; and (b) in formulating boundary conditions on the $r=2M$ Schwarzschild horizon.
1306.6887
Robert Lompay
Robert R. Lompay and Alexander N. Petrov
Covariant Differential Identities and Conservation Laws in Metric-Torsion Theories of Gravitation. I. General Consideration
23 pages, 0 figures, revtex 4.1
J. Math. Phys. 54, 062504 (2013)
10.1063/1.4810017
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Arbitrary diffeomorphically invariant metric-torsion theories of gravity are considered. It is assumed that Lagrangians of such theories contain derivatives of field variables (tensor densities of arbitrary ranks and weights) up to a second order only. The generalized Klein-Noether methods for constructing manifestly covariant identities and conserved quantities are developed. Manifestly covariant expressions are constructed without including auxiliary structures like a background metric. In the Riemann-Cartan space, the following \emph{manifestly generally covariant results} are presented: (a) The complete generalized system of differential identities (the Klein-Noether identities) is obtained. (b) The generalized currents of three types depending on an arbitrary vector field displacements are constructed: they are the canonical Noether current, symmetrized Belinfante current and identically conserved Hilbert-Bergmann current. In particular, it is stated that the symmetrized Belinfante current does not depend on divergences in the Lagrangian. (c) The generalized boundary Klein theorem (third Noether theorem) is proved. (d) The construction of the generalized superpotential is presented in details, and questions related to its ambiguities are analyzed.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 Jun 2013 16:21:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 1 Jul 2013 18:37:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-07-02
[ [ "Lompay", "Robert R.", "" ], [ "Petrov", "Alexander N.", "" ] ]
Arbitrary diffeomorphically invariant metric-torsion theories of gravity are considered. It is assumed that Lagrangians of such theories contain derivatives of field variables (tensor densities of arbitrary ranks and weights) up to a second order only. The generalized Klein-Noether methods for constructing manifestly covariant identities and conserved quantities are developed. Manifestly covariant expressions are constructed without including auxiliary structures like a background metric. In the Riemann-Cartan space, the following \emph{manifestly generally covariant results} are presented: (a) The complete generalized system of differential identities (the Klein-Noether identities) is obtained. (b) The generalized currents of three types depending on an arbitrary vector field displacements are constructed: they are the canonical Noether current, symmetrized Belinfante current and identically conserved Hilbert-Bergmann current. In particular, it is stated that the symmetrized Belinfante current does not depend on divergences in the Lagrangian. (c) The generalized boundary Klein theorem (third Noether theorem) is proved. (d) The construction of the generalized superpotential is presented in details, and questions related to its ambiguities are analyzed.
gr-qc/9701004
Bill Hiscock
William A. Hiscock, Shane L. Larson (Montana State University), and Paul R. Anderson (Wake Forest University)
Semiclassical effects in black hole interiors
29 pages, ReVTeX; 4 ps figures
Phys.Rev.D56:3571-3581,1997
10.1103/PhysRevD.56.3571
MSUPHY97.01
gr-qc
null
First-order semiclassical perturbations to the Schwarzschild black hole geometry are studied within the black hole interior. The source of the perturbations is taken to be the vacuum stress-energy of quantized scalar, spinor, and vector fields, evaluated using analytic approximations developed by Page and others (for massless fields) and the DeWitt-Schwinger approximation (for massive fields). Viewing the interior as an anisotropic collapsing cosmology, we find that minimally or conformally coupled scalar fields, and spinor fields, decrease the anisotropy as the singularity is approached, while vector fields increase the anisotropy. In addition, we find that massless fields of all spins, and massive vector fields, strengthen the singularity, while massive scalar and spinor fields tend to slow the growth of curvature.
[ { "created": "Fri, 3 Jan 1997 00:34:12 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Hiscock", "William A.", "", "Montana State University" ], [ "Larson", "Shane L.", "", "Montana State University" ], [ "Anderson", "Paul R.", "", "Wake Forest University" ] ]
First-order semiclassical perturbations to the Schwarzschild black hole geometry are studied within the black hole interior. The source of the perturbations is taken to be the vacuum stress-energy of quantized scalar, spinor, and vector fields, evaluated using analytic approximations developed by Page and others (for massless fields) and the DeWitt-Schwinger approximation (for massive fields). Viewing the interior as an anisotropic collapsing cosmology, we find that minimally or conformally coupled scalar fields, and spinor fields, decrease the anisotropy as the singularity is approached, while vector fields increase the anisotropy. In addition, we find that massless fields of all spins, and massive vector fields, strengthen the singularity, while massive scalar and spinor fields tend to slow the growth of curvature.
2201.12299
Orlando Luongo
Alessio Belfiglio, Orlando Luongo, Stefano Mancini
Geometric corrections to cosmological entanglement
8 pages, 3 figures
Phys. Rev. D, 105, 123523 (2022)
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.123523
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate entanglement production by inhomogeneous perturbations over a homogeneous and isotropic cosmic background, demonstrating that the interplay between quantum and geometric effects can have relevant consequences on entanglement entropy, with respect to homogeneous scenarios. To do so, we focus on a conformally coupled scalar field and discuss how geometric production of scalar particles leads to entanglement. Perturbatively, at first order we find oscillations in entropy correction, whereas at second order the underlying geometry induces mode-mixing on entanglement production. We thus quantify entanglement solely due to geometrical contribution and compare our outcomes with previous findings. We characterize the geometric contribution through geometric (quasi)-particles, interpreted as dark matter candidates.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 Jan 2022 18:06:04 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-10-17
[ [ "Belfiglio", "Alessio", "" ], [ "Luongo", "Orlando", "" ], [ "Mancini", "Stefano", "" ] ]
We investigate entanglement production by inhomogeneous perturbations over a homogeneous and isotropic cosmic background, demonstrating that the interplay between quantum and geometric effects can have relevant consequences on entanglement entropy, with respect to homogeneous scenarios. To do so, we focus on a conformally coupled scalar field and discuss how geometric production of scalar particles leads to entanglement. Perturbatively, at first order we find oscillations in entropy correction, whereas at second order the underlying geometry induces mode-mixing on entanglement production. We thus quantify entanglement solely due to geometrical contribution and compare our outcomes with previous findings. We characterize the geometric contribution through geometric (quasi)-particles, interpreted as dark matter candidates.
1511.06600
Hemza Azri
Hemza Azri
Separate Einstein-Eddington Spaces and the Cosmological Constant
Accepted in Annalen der Physik journal. 7 pages, typos corrected
Annalen Phys. 528, 404 (2016)
10.1002/andp.201500270
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Based on Eddington affine variational principle on a locally product manifold, we derive the separate Einstein space described by its Ricci tensor. The derived field equations split into two field equations of motion that describe two maximally symmetric spaces with two cosmological constants. We argue that the invariance of the bi-field equations under projections on the separate spaces, may render one of the cosmological constants to zero. We also formulate the model in the presence of a scalar field. The resulted separate Einstein-Eddington spaces maybe considered as two states that describe the universe before and after inflation. A possibly interesting affine action for a general perfect fluid is also proposed. It turns out that the condition which leads to zero cosmological constant in the vacuum case, eliminates here the effects of the gravitational mass density of the perfect fluid, and the dynamic of the universe in its final state is governed by only the inertial mass density of the fluid.
[ { "created": "Fri, 20 Nov 2015 13:56:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 4 Dec 2015 18:45:07 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-05-31
[ [ "Azri", "Hemza", "" ] ]
Based on Eddington affine variational principle on a locally product manifold, we derive the separate Einstein space described by its Ricci tensor. The derived field equations split into two field equations of motion that describe two maximally symmetric spaces with two cosmological constants. We argue that the invariance of the bi-field equations under projections on the separate spaces, may render one of the cosmological constants to zero. We also formulate the model in the presence of a scalar field. The resulted separate Einstein-Eddington spaces maybe considered as two states that describe the universe before and after inflation. A possibly interesting affine action for a general perfect fluid is also proposed. It turns out that the condition which leads to zero cosmological constant in the vacuum case, eliminates here the effects of the gravitational mass density of the perfect fluid, and the dynamic of the universe in its final state is governed by only the inertial mass density of the fluid.
1605.05774
Yen Chin Ong
Fech Scen Khoo, Yen Chin Ong
Lux in obscuro: Photon Orbits of Extremal Black Holes Revisited
Some technical errors in Sec.4.2 are now fixed. Main conclusions unchanged
Class. Quantum Grav. 33 (2016) 235002
10.1088/0264-9381/33/23/235002
NORDITA-2016-40
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It has been shown in the literature that the event horizon of an extremal asymptotically flat Reissner-Nordstrom black hole is also a stable photon sphere. We further clarify this statement and give a general proof that this holds for a large class of static spherically symmetric black hole spacetimes with an extremal horizon. In contrast, in the Doran frame, an extremal asymptotically flat Kerr black hole has an unstable photon orbit on the equatorial plane of its horizon. In addition, we show that an extremal asymptotically flat Kerr-Newman black hole exhibits two equatorial photon orbits if a < M/2, one of which is on the extremal horizon in the Doran frame and is stable, whereas the second one outside the horizon is unstable. For a > M/2, there is only one equatorial photon orbit, located on the extremal horizon, and it is unstable. There can be no photon orbit on the horizon of a non-extremal Kerr-Newman black hole.
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 May 2016 22:13:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 20 Oct 2016 13:31:22 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 28 Jul 2017 14:48:49 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2017-07-31
[ [ "Khoo", "Fech Scen", "" ], [ "Ong", "Yen Chin", "" ] ]
It has been shown in the literature that the event horizon of an extremal asymptotically flat Reissner-Nordstrom black hole is also a stable photon sphere. We further clarify this statement and give a general proof that this holds for a large class of static spherically symmetric black hole spacetimes with an extremal horizon. In contrast, in the Doran frame, an extremal asymptotically flat Kerr black hole has an unstable photon orbit on the equatorial plane of its horizon. In addition, we show that an extremal asymptotically flat Kerr-Newman black hole exhibits two equatorial photon orbits if a < M/2, one of which is on the extremal horizon in the Doran frame and is stable, whereas the second one outside the horizon is unstable. For a > M/2, there is only one equatorial photon orbit, located on the extremal horizon, and it is unstable. There can be no photon orbit on the horizon of a non-extremal Kerr-Newman black hole.
1611.09032
KaiXi Feng
Kaixi Feng
Gravitational waves induced by massless vector fields with non-minimal coupling to gravity
13 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we calculate the contribution of the late time mode of a massless vector field to the power spectrum of the primordial gravitational wave using retarded Green's propagator. We consider a non-trivial coupling between gravity and the vector field. We find that the correction is scale-invariant and of order $\frac{H^4}{M_P^4}$. The non-minimal coupling leads to a dependence of $\frac{H^2}{M^2}$, which can amplify the correlation function up to the level of $\frac{H^2}{M^2_P}$.
[ { "created": "Mon, 28 Nov 2016 09:16:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-11-29
[ [ "Feng", "Kaixi", "" ] ]
In this paper, we calculate the contribution of the late time mode of a massless vector field to the power spectrum of the primordial gravitational wave using retarded Green's propagator. We consider a non-trivial coupling between gravity and the vector field. We find that the correction is scale-invariant and of order $\frac{H^4}{M_P^4}$. The non-minimal coupling leads to a dependence of $\frac{H^2}{M^2}$, which can amplify the correlation function up to the level of $\frac{H^2}{M^2_P}$.
1508.03330
Pedro Labra\~na
Sergio del Campo, Eduardo I. Guendelman, Ramon Herrera, Pedro Labrana
Classically and Quantum stable Emergent Universe from Conservation Laws
18 pages, 10 figures, typos corrected, some improvements in the text and comments added in conclusions. Two new appendices, references added. Accepted for publication in JCAP. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1105.0651
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2016/08/049
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It has been recently pointed out by Mithani-Vilenkin that certain emergent universe scenarios which are classically stable are nevertheless unstable semiclassically to collapse. Here, we show that there is a class of emergent universes derived from scale invariant two measures theories with spontaneous symmetry breaking (s.s.b) of the scale invariance, which can have both classical stability and do not suffer the instability pointed out by Mithani-Vilenkin towards collapse. We find that this stability is due to the presence of a symmetry in the "emergent phase", which together with the non linearities of the theory, does not allow that the FLRW scale factor to be smaller that a certain minimum value $a_0$ in a certain protected region.
[ { "created": "Wed, 12 Aug 2015 21:16:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 19 Aug 2016 22:25:52 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-08-31
[ [ "del Campo", "Sergio", "" ], [ "Guendelman", "Eduardo I.", "" ], [ "Herrera", "Ramon", "" ], [ "Labrana", "Pedro", "" ] ]
It has been recently pointed out by Mithani-Vilenkin that certain emergent universe scenarios which are classically stable are nevertheless unstable semiclassically to collapse. Here, we show that there is a class of emergent universes derived from scale invariant two measures theories with spontaneous symmetry breaking (s.s.b) of the scale invariance, which can have both classical stability and do not suffer the instability pointed out by Mithani-Vilenkin towards collapse. We find that this stability is due to the presence of a symmetry in the "emergent phase", which together with the non linearities of the theory, does not allow that the FLRW scale factor to be smaller that a certain minimum value $a_0$ in a certain protected region.
1111.2755
Joan Josep Ferrando
Joan Josep Ferrando and Juan Antonio S\'aez
On the Bel radiative gravitational fields
15 pages; no figures; v2: minor changes
Class. Quantum Grav. 29:075012, 2012
10.1088/0264-9381/29/7/075012
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We analyze the concept of intrinsic radiative gravitational fields defined by Bel and we show that the three radiative types, N, III and II, correspond with the three following different physical situations: {\it pure radiation}, {\it asymptotic pure radiation} and {\it generic} (non pure, non asymptotic pure) {\it radiation}. We introduce the concept of {\em observer at rest} with respect to the gravitational field and that of {\em proper super-energy} of the gravitational field and we show that, for non radiative fields, the minimum value of the relative super-energy density is the proper super-energy density, which is acquired by the observers at rest with respect to the field. Several {\it super-energy inequalities} are also examined.
[ { "created": "Fri, 11 Nov 2011 14:35:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 18 Apr 2012 10:41:50 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-03
[ [ "Ferrando", "Joan Josep", "" ], [ "Sáez", "Juan Antonio", "" ] ]
We analyze the concept of intrinsic radiative gravitational fields defined by Bel and we show that the three radiative types, N, III and II, correspond with the three following different physical situations: {\it pure radiation}, {\it asymptotic pure radiation} and {\it generic} (non pure, non asymptotic pure) {\it radiation}. We introduce the concept of {\em observer at rest} with respect to the gravitational field and that of {\em proper super-energy} of the gravitational field and we show that, for non radiative fields, the minimum value of the relative super-energy density is the proper super-energy density, which is acquired by the observers at rest with respect to the field. Several {\it super-energy inequalities} are also examined.
2004.14849
Vittorio De Falco Dr
Vittorio De Falco, Emmanuele Battista, Salvatore Capozziello, Mariafelicia De Laurentis
General relativistic Poynting-Robertson effect to diagnose wormholes existence: static and spherically symmetric case
17 pages, 11 figures, 1 Table. Paper accepted on April 30, 2020 on Physical Review D
Phys. Rev. D 101, 104037, Published 20 May 2020
10.1103/PhysRevD.101.104037
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We derive the equations of motion of a test particle in the equatorial plane around a static and spherically symmetric wormhole influenced by a radiation field including the general relativistic Poynting-Robertson effect. From the analysis of this dynamical system, we develop a diagnostic to distinguish a black hole from a wormhole, which can be timely supported by several and different observational data. This procedure is based on the possibility of having some wormhole metrics, which smoothly connect to the Schwarzschild metric in a small transition surface layer very close to the black hole event horizon. To detect such a metric-change, we analyse the emission proprieties from the critical hypersurface (stable region where radiation and gravitational fields balance) together with those from an accretion disk in the Schwarzschild spacetime toward a distant observer. Indeed, if the observational data are well fitted within such model, it immediately implies the existence of a black hole; while in case of strong departures from such description it means that a wormhole could be present. Finally, we discuss our results and draw the conclusions.
[ { "created": "Thu, 30 Apr 2020 15:01:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 1 May 2020 09:55:20 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 20 May 2020 14:37:26 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2020-05-21
[ [ "De Falco", "Vittorio", "" ], [ "Battista", "Emmanuele", "" ], [ "Capozziello", "Salvatore", "" ], [ "De Laurentis", "Mariafelicia", "" ] ]
We derive the equations of motion of a test particle in the equatorial plane around a static and spherically symmetric wormhole influenced by a radiation field including the general relativistic Poynting-Robertson effect. From the analysis of this dynamical system, we develop a diagnostic to distinguish a black hole from a wormhole, which can be timely supported by several and different observational data. This procedure is based on the possibility of having some wormhole metrics, which smoothly connect to the Schwarzschild metric in a small transition surface layer very close to the black hole event horizon. To detect such a metric-change, we analyse the emission proprieties from the critical hypersurface (stable region where radiation and gravitational fields balance) together with those from an accretion disk in the Schwarzschild spacetime toward a distant observer. Indeed, if the observational data are well fitted within such model, it immediately implies the existence of a black hole; while in case of strong departures from such description it means that a wormhole could be present. Finally, we discuss our results and draw the conclusions.
2102.04728
Tiberiu Harko
Tiberiu Harko, Haidar Sheikhahmadi
Warm inflation with non-comoving scalar field and radiation fluid
25 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in EPJC
Eur. Phys. J. C (2021) 81: 165
10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-08964-6
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider a warm inflationary scenario in which the two dominant matter components present in the early Universe, the scalar field, and the radiation fluid, evolve with different four-velocities. This cosmological system is mathematically equivalent to a single anisotropic fluid, evolving with a four-velocity that is a function of the two independent fluid four-velocities. Due to the presence of the anisotropic physical parameters, the overall cosmological evolution is also anisotropic. We derive the gravitational field equations of the noncomoving scalar field-radiation mixture for a Bianchi type I geometry. By considering that the decay of the scalar field is accompanied by a corresponding radiation generation, we formulate the basic equations of the warm inflationary model in the presence of two noncomoving components. By adopting the slow roll approximation, we perform a detailed comparison of the theoretical predictions of the warm inflationary scenario with noncomoving scalar field and radiation fluid with the observational data obtained by the Planck satellite, by investigating both the weak dissipation and strong dissipation limits. Constraints on the free parameters of the model are obtained in both cases. The functional forms of the scalar field potentials compatible with the noncomoving nature of warm inflation are also derived.
[ { "created": "Tue, 9 Feb 2021 09:45:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-03-15
[ [ "Harko", "Tiberiu", "" ], [ "Sheikhahmadi", "Haidar", "" ] ]
We consider a warm inflationary scenario in which the two dominant matter components present in the early Universe, the scalar field, and the radiation fluid, evolve with different four-velocities. This cosmological system is mathematically equivalent to a single anisotropic fluid, evolving with a four-velocity that is a function of the two independent fluid four-velocities. Due to the presence of the anisotropic physical parameters, the overall cosmological evolution is also anisotropic. We derive the gravitational field equations of the noncomoving scalar field-radiation mixture for a Bianchi type I geometry. By considering that the decay of the scalar field is accompanied by a corresponding radiation generation, we formulate the basic equations of the warm inflationary model in the presence of two noncomoving components. By adopting the slow roll approximation, we perform a detailed comparison of the theoretical predictions of the warm inflationary scenario with noncomoving scalar field and radiation fluid with the observational data obtained by the Planck satellite, by investigating both the weak dissipation and strong dissipation limits. Constraints on the free parameters of the model are obtained in both cases. The functional forms of the scalar field potentials compatible with the noncomoving nature of warm inflation are also derived.
1904.08776
Ahmadjon Abdujabbarov
Sudipta Hensh, Ahmadjon Abdujabbarov, Jan Schee, Zden\v{e}k Stuchl\'ik
Gravitational lensing around Kehagias-Sfetsos compact objects surrounded by plasma
15 pages, 10 figures
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7034-7
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the optical properties of the Kehagias-Sfetsos (KS) compact objects, characterized by the "Ho\v{r}ava" parameter $\omega_{_{KS}}$, in the presence of plasma, considering its homogeneous or power-law density distribution. The strong effects of both "Ho\v{r}ava" parameter $\omega_{_{KS}}$ and plasma on the shadow cast by the KS compact objects are demonstrated. Using the weak field approximation, we investigate the gravitational lensing effect. Strong dependence of the deflection angle of the light on both the "Ho\v{r}ava" and plasma parameter is explicitly shown. The magnification of image source due to the weak gravitational lensing is given for both the homogeneous and inhomogeneous plasma.
[ { "created": "Wed, 17 Apr 2019 06:56:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-10-19
[ [ "Hensh", "Sudipta", "" ], [ "Abdujabbarov", "Ahmadjon", "" ], [ "Schee", "Jan", "" ], [ "Stuchlík", "Zdeněk", "" ] ]
We study the optical properties of the Kehagias-Sfetsos (KS) compact objects, characterized by the "Ho\v{r}ava" parameter $\omega_{_{KS}}$, in the presence of plasma, considering its homogeneous or power-law density distribution. The strong effects of both "Ho\v{r}ava" parameter $\omega_{_{KS}}$ and plasma on the shadow cast by the KS compact objects are demonstrated. Using the weak field approximation, we investigate the gravitational lensing effect. Strong dependence of the deflection angle of the light on both the "Ho\v{r}ava" and plasma parameter is explicitly shown. The magnification of image source due to the weak gravitational lensing is given for both the homogeneous and inhomogeneous plasma.
2404.03872
Abdelrahman Yasser
Nader Inan, Ahmed Farag Ali, Kimet Jusufi, Abdelrahman Yasser
Graviton mass due to dark energy as a superconducting medium: theoretical and phenomenological aspects
Accepted for publication in JCAP
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2024/08/012
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is well known that the cosmological constant term in the Einstein field equations can be interpreted as a stress tensor for dark energy. This stress tensor is formally analogous to an elastic constitutive equation in continuum mechanics. As a result, the cosmological constant leads to a "shear modulus" and "bulk modulus" affecting all gravitational fields in the universe. The form of the constitutive equation is also analogous to the London constitutive equation for a superconductor. Treating dark energy as a type of superconducting medium for gravitational waves leads to a Yukawa-like gravitational potential and a massive graviton within standard General Relativity. We discuss a number of resulting phenomenological aspects such as a screening length scale that can also be used to describe the effects generally attributed to dark matter. In addition, we find a gravitational wave plasma frequency, index of refraction, and impedance. The expansion of the universe is interpreted as a Meissner-like effect as dark energy causes an outward "expulsion" of space-time similar to a superconductor expelling a magnetic field. The fundamental cause of these effects is interpreted as a type of spontaneous symmetry breaking of a scalar field. There is an associated chemical potential, critical temperature, and an Unruh-Hawking effect associated with the formulation.
[ { "created": "Fri, 5 Apr 2024 03:22:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 14 Jul 2024 15:18:00 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 9 Aug 2024 22:05:30 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2024-08-13
[ [ "Inan", "Nader", "" ], [ "Ali", "Ahmed Farag", "" ], [ "Jusufi", "Kimet", "" ], [ "Yasser", "Abdelrahman", "" ] ]
It is well known that the cosmological constant term in the Einstein field equations can be interpreted as a stress tensor for dark energy. This stress tensor is formally analogous to an elastic constitutive equation in continuum mechanics. As a result, the cosmological constant leads to a "shear modulus" and "bulk modulus" affecting all gravitational fields in the universe. The form of the constitutive equation is also analogous to the London constitutive equation for a superconductor. Treating dark energy as a type of superconducting medium for gravitational waves leads to a Yukawa-like gravitational potential and a massive graviton within standard General Relativity. We discuss a number of resulting phenomenological aspects such as a screening length scale that can also be used to describe the effects generally attributed to dark matter. In addition, we find a gravitational wave plasma frequency, index of refraction, and impedance. The expansion of the universe is interpreted as a Meissner-like effect as dark energy causes an outward "expulsion" of space-time similar to a superconductor expelling a magnetic field. The fundamental cause of these effects is interpreted as a type of spontaneous symmetry breaking of a scalar field. There is an associated chemical potential, critical temperature, and an Unruh-Hawking effect associated with the formulation.
1407.5022
Lorenzo Iorio
Lorenzo Iorio
Revisiting the gravitomagnetic clock effect
LaTex2e, 17 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Figures of the counter-revolving particles replaced. Some other changes made
Eur. Phys. J. C 84, 280 (2024)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12603-1
null
gr-qc astro-ph.EP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
To the first post-Newtonian order, if two test particles revolve in opposite directions about a massive, spinning body along two circular and equatorial orbits with the same radius, they take different times to return to the reference direction relative to which their motion is measured: it is the so-called gravitomagnetic clock effect. The satellite moving in the same sense of the rotation of the primary is slower, and experiences a retardation with respect to the case when the latter does not spin, while the one circling in the opposite sense of the rotation of the source is faster, and its orbital period is shorter than it would be in the static case. The resulting time difference due to the stationary gravitomagnetic field of the central spinning body is proportional to the angular momentum per unit mass of the latter through a numerical factor which so far has been found to be $4\pi$. A numerical integration of the equations of motion of a fictitious test particle moving along a circular path lying in the equatorial plane of a hypothetical rotating object by including the gravitomagnetic acceleration to the first post-Newtonian order shows that, actually, the gravitomagnetic corrections to the orbital periods are larger by a factor of $4$ in both the prograde and retrograde cases. Such an outcome, which makes the proportionality coefficient of the gravitomagnetic difference in the orbital periods of the two counter-revolving orbiters equal to $16\pi$, confirms an analytical calculation recently published in the literature by the present author.
[ { "created": "Thu, 17 Jul 2014 15:09:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 13 Nov 2023 20:20:25 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 16 Nov 2023 09:19:27 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sat, 2 Dec 2023 22:56:36 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Thu, 14 Dec 2023 21:11:48 GMT", "version": "v5" } ]
2024-03-19
[ [ "Iorio", "Lorenzo", "" ] ]
To the first post-Newtonian order, if two test particles revolve in opposite directions about a massive, spinning body along two circular and equatorial orbits with the same radius, they take different times to return to the reference direction relative to which their motion is measured: it is the so-called gravitomagnetic clock effect. The satellite moving in the same sense of the rotation of the primary is slower, and experiences a retardation with respect to the case when the latter does not spin, while the one circling in the opposite sense of the rotation of the source is faster, and its orbital period is shorter than it would be in the static case. The resulting time difference due to the stationary gravitomagnetic field of the central spinning body is proportional to the angular momentum per unit mass of the latter through a numerical factor which so far has been found to be $4\pi$. A numerical integration of the equations of motion of a fictitious test particle moving along a circular path lying in the equatorial plane of a hypothetical rotating object by including the gravitomagnetic acceleration to the first post-Newtonian order shows that, actually, the gravitomagnetic corrections to the orbital periods are larger by a factor of $4$ in both the prograde and retrograde cases. Such an outcome, which makes the proportionality coefficient of the gravitomagnetic difference in the orbital periods of the two counter-revolving orbiters equal to $16\pi$, confirms an analytical calculation recently published in the literature by the present author.
1906.10531
Xiao-Xiong Zeng
Ke-Jian He, Xin-Yun Hu, Xiao-Xiong Zeng
The weak cosmic censorship conjecture and thermodynamics in the quintessence AdS black hole under charge particle absorption
Accepted by Chin. Phys. C
Chinese Physics C 43 (2019) 125101
10.1088/1674-1137/43/12/125101
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Considering the cosmological constant as the pressure, we mainly study the laws of thermodynamics and weak cosmic censorship conjecture in the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m-AdS black hole surrounded by quintessence dark energy under charged particle absorption. The first law of thermodynamics is found to be valid as a particle is absorbed by the black hole. The second law however is found to be violated for the extremal and near-extremal black holes since the entropy of these black hole decrease. Moreover, we find that the extremal black hole do not change it configuration in the extended phase space, implying that the weak cosmic censorship conjecture is valid. Remarkably, the near-extremal black hole can be overcharged beyond the extremal condition under charged particle absorption. That is, the cosmic censorship conjecture could be violated for the near-extremal black hole in the extended phase space. To make a comparison, we also discuss the first law, second law as well as the weak cosmic censorship conjecture in the normal phase space, and find that all of them are valid in this case.
[ { "created": "Mon, 24 Jun 2019 07:25:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 7 Aug 2019 02:22:39 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 8 Oct 2019 03:33:00 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2019-12-19
[ [ "He", "Ke-Jian", "" ], [ "Hu", "Xin-Yun", "" ], [ "Zeng", "Xiao-Xiong", "" ] ]
Considering the cosmological constant as the pressure, we mainly study the laws of thermodynamics and weak cosmic censorship conjecture in the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m-AdS black hole surrounded by quintessence dark energy under charged particle absorption. The first law of thermodynamics is found to be valid as a particle is absorbed by the black hole. The second law however is found to be violated for the extremal and near-extremal black holes since the entropy of these black hole decrease. Moreover, we find that the extremal black hole do not change it configuration in the extended phase space, implying that the weak cosmic censorship conjecture is valid. Remarkably, the near-extremal black hole can be overcharged beyond the extremal condition under charged particle absorption. That is, the cosmic censorship conjecture could be violated for the near-extremal black hole in the extended phase space. To make a comparison, we also discuss the first law, second law as well as the weak cosmic censorship conjecture in the normal phase space, and find that all of them are valid in this case.
1506.05793
Joan Sola
Joan Sola, Adria Gomez-Valent, Javier de Cruz Perez
Hints of dynamical vacuum energy in the expanding Universe
Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters. Extended discussion including BBN and CMB bounds, one more table and figure. References added
Astrophys.J. 811 (2015) L14
10.1088/2041-8205/811/1/L14
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Recently there have been claims on model-independent evidence of dynamical dark energy. Herein we consider a fairly general class of cosmological models with a time-evolving cosmological term of the form $\Lambda(H)=C_0+C_H H^2+C_{\dot{H}} \dot{H}$, where $H$ is the Hubble rate. These models are well motivated from the theoretical point of view since they can be related to the general form of the effective action of quantum field theory in curved spacetime. Consistency with matter conservation can be achieved by letting the Newtonian coupling $G$ change very slowly with the expansion. We solve these dynamical vacuum models and fit them to the wealth of expansion history and linear structure formation data. The results of our analysis show a significantly better agreement as compared to the concordance $\Lambda$CDM model, thus supporting the possibility of a dynamical cosmic vacuum.
[ { "created": "Thu, 18 Jun 2015 19:57:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 2 Sep 2015 20:26:18 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-10-08
[ [ "Sola", "Joan", "" ], [ "Gomez-Valent", "Adria", "" ], [ "Perez", "Javier de Cruz", "" ] ]
Recently there have been claims on model-independent evidence of dynamical dark energy. Herein we consider a fairly general class of cosmological models with a time-evolving cosmological term of the form $\Lambda(H)=C_0+C_H H^2+C_{\dot{H}} \dot{H}$, where $H$ is the Hubble rate. These models are well motivated from the theoretical point of view since they can be related to the general form of the effective action of quantum field theory in curved spacetime. Consistency with matter conservation can be achieved by letting the Newtonian coupling $G$ change very slowly with the expansion. We solve these dynamical vacuum models and fit them to the wealth of expansion history and linear structure formation data. The results of our analysis show a significantly better agreement as compared to the concordance $\Lambda$CDM model, thus supporting the possibility of a dynamical cosmic vacuum.
1510.04795
Safia Ahmad
Safia Ahmad, Nurgissa Myrzakulov, R. Myrzakulov
Tachyon field non-minimally coupled to massive neutrino matter
15 pages, 6 figures, Published version
JCAP 07 (2016) 032
10.1088/1475-7516/2016/07/032
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we consider rolling tachyon, with steep run-away type of potentials non-minimally coupled to massive neutrino matter. The coupling dynamically builds up at late times as neutrino matter turns non-relativistic. In case of scaling and string inspired potentials, we have shown that non-minimal coupling leads to minimum in the field potential. Given a suitable choice of model parameters, it is shown to give rise to late-time acceleration with the desired equation of state.
[ { "created": "Fri, 16 Oct 2015 06:50:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 4 Aug 2016 09:10:22 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-08-05
[ [ "Ahmad", "Safia", "" ], [ "Myrzakulov", "Nurgissa", "" ], [ "Myrzakulov", "R.", "" ] ]
In this paper, we consider rolling tachyon, with steep run-away type of potentials non-minimally coupled to massive neutrino matter. The coupling dynamically builds up at late times as neutrino matter turns non-relativistic. In case of scaling and string inspired potentials, we have shown that non-minimal coupling leads to minimum in the field potential. Given a suitable choice of model parameters, it is shown to give rise to late-time acceleration with the desired equation of state.
0910.2125
S. Mignemi
S. Mignemi
Lifetime of flying particles in canonical Doubly Special Relativity
The previous submission was wrong: it contained the file of a differnt paper
Phys.Lett.A373:4401-4404,2009
10.1016/j.physleta.2009.09.068
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We discuss the corrections to the lifetime of unstable elementary particles in some models of doubly special relativity. We assume that the speed of light is invariant and that the position coordinates transform in such a way to ensure the invariance of the deformed symplectic structure of phase space.
[ { "created": "Mon, 12 Oct 2009 10:14:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 16 Oct 2009 09:13:06 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-01-11
[ [ "Mignemi", "S.", "" ] ]
We discuss the corrections to the lifetime of unstable elementary particles in some models of doubly special relativity. We assume that the speed of light is invariant and that the position coordinates transform in such a way to ensure the invariance of the deformed symplectic structure of phase space.
1905.07251
Pierre Martin-Dussaud
Pierre Martin-Dussaud and Carlo Rovelli
Evaporating black-to-white hole
null
Class. Quantum Grav. 36, 245002 (2019)
10.1088/1361-6382/ab5097
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We construct and discuss the form of the (effective) spacetime geometry inside a black hole undergoing a quantum transition to a white hole, taking into account the back-reaction of the component of the Hawking radiation falling into the hole.
[ { "created": "Fri, 17 May 2019 13:20:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 30 Sep 2019 15:05:48 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-08-03
[ [ "Martin-Dussaud", "Pierre", "" ], [ "Rovelli", "Carlo", "" ] ]
We construct and discuss the form of the (effective) spacetime geometry inside a black hole undergoing a quantum transition to a white hole, taking into account the back-reaction of the component of the Hawking radiation falling into the hole.
2209.13387
Hui-Min Fan
Hui-Min Fan, Shiyan Zhong, Zheng-Cheng Liang, Zheng Wu, Jian-dong Zhang, Yi-Ming Hu
Extreme-mass-ratio burst detection with TianQin
null
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.124028
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The capture of compact objects by massive black holes in galaxies or dwarf galaxies will generate short gravitational wave signals, called extreme-mass-ratio bursts (EMRBs), before evolving into extreme-mass-ratio inspirals. Their detection will provide an investigation of the black hole properties and shed light on astronomy and astrophysics. In this work, we investigate the detection number of the TianQin observatory on EMRBs. Our result shows that TianQin can detect tens of EMRBs events during its mission lifetime. For those detected events, we use the Fisher information matrix to quantify these uncertainties in the inference of their parameters. We consider the possible network of TianQin+LISA and study how a network can improve parameter estimation. The result shows that, for most sources, the CO mass, the MBH mass, and the MBH spin can be determined with an accuracy of the order $10^{-1}$ and the sky localization can be determined with an accuracy of 10 square degrees. We further explore the gravitational wave background generated by those unsolved EMRBs and conclude that it is about $10^6$ times weaker than TianQin's sensitivity and thus it can be ignored.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Sep 2022 13:45:12 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-01-04
[ [ "Fan", "Hui-Min", "" ], [ "Zhong", "Shiyan", "" ], [ "Liang", "Zheng-Cheng", "" ], [ "Wu", "Zheng", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Jian-dong", "" ], [ "Hu", "Yi-Ming", "" ] ]
The capture of compact objects by massive black holes in galaxies or dwarf galaxies will generate short gravitational wave signals, called extreme-mass-ratio bursts (EMRBs), before evolving into extreme-mass-ratio inspirals. Their detection will provide an investigation of the black hole properties and shed light on astronomy and astrophysics. In this work, we investigate the detection number of the TianQin observatory on EMRBs. Our result shows that TianQin can detect tens of EMRBs events during its mission lifetime. For those detected events, we use the Fisher information matrix to quantify these uncertainties in the inference of their parameters. We consider the possible network of TianQin+LISA and study how a network can improve parameter estimation. The result shows that, for most sources, the CO mass, the MBH mass, and the MBH spin can be determined with an accuracy of the order $10^{-1}$ and the sky localization can be determined with an accuracy of 10 square degrees. We further explore the gravitational wave background generated by those unsolved EMRBs and conclude that it is about $10^6$ times weaker than TianQin's sensitivity and thus it can be ignored.
2006.09088
Adam Szereszewski
Eryk Buk, Jerzy Lewandowski, Adam Szereszewski
Lie point symmetries of near-horizon geometry equation
null
Phys. Rev. D 102, 124064 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.124064
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
All the Lie point symmetries of the near extremal horizon geometry equation, in the case of 4-dimensional Einstein vacuum spacetime with cosmological constant, are the diffeomorphisms of the space of the null generators of the horizon. This result is also generalised to the Maxwell-Einstein spacetime.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Jun 2020 11:47:20 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 6 Jul 2020 14:09:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-01-04
[ [ "Buk", "Eryk", "" ], [ "Lewandowski", "Jerzy", "" ], [ "Szereszewski", "Adam", "" ] ]
All the Lie point symmetries of the near extremal horizon geometry equation, in the case of 4-dimensional Einstein vacuum spacetime with cosmological constant, are the diffeomorphisms of the space of the null generators of the horizon. This result is also generalised to the Maxwell-Einstein spacetime.
1804.01439
Pedro Bargueno
Ernesto Contreras, Pedro Bargueno, Gretel Quintero, Aurora Perez-Martinez, Diana Alvear
Exact solutions of Einstein equations for anisotropic magnetic sources
2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work, we have obtained exact solutions of Einstein equations for static and axially symmetric magnetized matter, specifically in plane-symmetric and almost-plane symmetric cases. Although these solutions impose constraints on the components of the energy-momentum tensor, some physically interesting situations, like the magnetized vacuum, might be described. Plane-symmetric solutions in presence of a non-vanishing cosmological constant have remarkable features. In particular, the system can be driven continuously to the isotropic case by an appropriate tuning of the cosmological constant, sweeping the magnetic field from weak to strong magnetic field regimes. The role of the cosmological constant in magnetic collapse is discussed with an emphasis in the description of jets from compact objects. For illustrative purposes, specific calculations for a magnetized electron gas have been developed.
[ { "created": "Wed, 4 Apr 2018 14:36:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-04-05
[ [ "Contreras", "Ernesto", "" ], [ "Bargueno", "Pedro", "" ], [ "Quintero", "Gretel", "" ], [ "Perez-Martinez", "Aurora", "" ], [ "Alvear", "Diana", "" ] ]
In this work, we have obtained exact solutions of Einstein equations for static and axially symmetric magnetized matter, specifically in plane-symmetric and almost-plane symmetric cases. Although these solutions impose constraints on the components of the energy-momentum tensor, some physically interesting situations, like the magnetized vacuum, might be described. Plane-symmetric solutions in presence of a non-vanishing cosmological constant have remarkable features. In particular, the system can be driven continuously to the isotropic case by an appropriate tuning of the cosmological constant, sweeping the magnetic field from weak to strong magnetic field regimes. The role of the cosmological constant in magnetic collapse is discussed with an emphasis in the description of jets from compact objects. For illustrative purposes, specific calculations for a magnetized electron gas have been developed.
2405.09590
Gamal G.L. Nashed
G.G.L. Nashed and Salvatore Capozziello
Constraining $f({\cal R})$ gravity by Pulsar {\textit SAX J1748.9-2021} observations
28 pages, 8 figures, Will appear in EPJC
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We discuss spherically symmetric dynamical systems in the framework of a general model of $f({\cal R})$ gravity, i.e. $f({\cal R})={\cal R}e^{\zeta {\cal R}}$, where $\zeta$ is a dimensional quantity in squared length units [L$^2$]. We initially assume that the internal structure of such systems is governed by the Krori-Barua ansatz, alongside the presence of fluid anisotropy. By employing astrophysical observations obtained from the pulsar {\textit SAX J1748.9-2021}, derived from bursting X-ray binaries located within globular clusters, we determine that $\zeta$ is approximately equal to $\pm 5$ km$^2$. In particular, the model can create a stable configuration for {\textit SAX J1748.9-2021}, encompassing its geometric and physical characteristics. In $f({\cal R})$ gravity, the Krori-Barua approach links $p_r$ and $p_t$, which represent the components of the pressures, to ($\rho$), representing the density, semi-analytically. These relations are described as $p_r\approx v_r^2 (\rho-\rho_{I})$ and $p_t\approx v_t^2 (\rho-\rho_{II})$. Here, the expression $v_r$ and $v_t$ represent the radial and tangential sound speeds, respectively. Meanwhile, $\rho_I$ pertains to the surface density and $\rho_{II}$ is derived using the parameters of the model. Notably, within the frame of $f({\cal R})$ gravity where $\zeta$ is negative, the maximum compactness, denoted as $C$, is inherently limited to values that do not exceed the Buchdahl limit. This contrasts with general relativity or with $f({\cal R})$ with positive $\zeta$, where $C$ has the potential to reach the limit of the black hole asymptotically. The predictions of such model suggest a central energy density which largely exceeds the saturation of nuclear density, which has the value $\rho_{\text{nuc}} = 3\times 10^{14}$ g/cm$^3$. Also, the density at the surface $\rho_I$ surpasses $\rho_{\text{nuc}}$.
[ { "created": "Wed, 15 May 2024 10:54:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-05-17
[ [ "Nashed", "G. G. L.", "" ], [ "Capozziello", "Salvatore", "" ] ]
We discuss spherically symmetric dynamical systems in the framework of a general model of $f({\cal R})$ gravity, i.e. $f({\cal R})={\cal R}e^{\zeta {\cal R}}$, where $\zeta$ is a dimensional quantity in squared length units [L$^2$]. We initially assume that the internal structure of such systems is governed by the Krori-Barua ansatz, alongside the presence of fluid anisotropy. By employing astrophysical observations obtained from the pulsar {\textit SAX J1748.9-2021}, derived from bursting X-ray binaries located within globular clusters, we determine that $\zeta$ is approximately equal to $\pm 5$ km$^2$. In particular, the model can create a stable configuration for {\textit SAX J1748.9-2021}, encompassing its geometric and physical characteristics. In $f({\cal R})$ gravity, the Krori-Barua approach links $p_r$ and $p_t$, which represent the components of the pressures, to ($\rho$), representing the density, semi-analytically. These relations are described as $p_r\approx v_r^2 (\rho-\rho_{I})$ and $p_t\approx v_t^2 (\rho-\rho_{II})$. Here, the expression $v_r$ and $v_t$ represent the radial and tangential sound speeds, respectively. Meanwhile, $\rho_I$ pertains to the surface density and $\rho_{II}$ is derived using the parameters of the model. Notably, within the frame of $f({\cal R})$ gravity where $\zeta$ is negative, the maximum compactness, denoted as $C$, is inherently limited to values that do not exceed the Buchdahl limit. This contrasts with general relativity or with $f({\cal R})$ with positive $\zeta$, where $C$ has the potential to reach the limit of the black hole asymptotically. The predictions of such model suggest a central energy density which largely exceeds the saturation of nuclear density, which has the value $\rho_{\text{nuc}} = 3\times 10^{14}$ g/cm$^3$. Also, the density at the surface $\rho_I$ surpasses $\rho_{\text{nuc}}$.
1805.10455
Thomas Buchert
Thomas Buchert, Pierre Mourier, Xavier Roy
Cosmological backreaction and its dependence on spacetime foliation
9 pages, Letter, matches published version in CQG
Class. Quantum Grav. 35 (2018) 24LT02
10.1088/1361-6382/aaebce
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The subject of cosmological backreaction in General Relativity is often approached by coordinate-dependent and metric-based analyses. We present in this letter an averaging formalism for the scalar parts of Einstein's equations that is coordinate-independent and only functionally depends on a metric. This formalism is applicable to general 3+1 foliations of spacetime for an arbitrary fluid with tilted flow. We clarify the dependence on spacetime foliation and argue that this dependence is weak in cosmological settings. We also introduce a new set of averaged equations that feature a global cosmological time despite the generality of the setting, and we put the statistical nature of effective cosmologies into perspective.
[ { "created": "Sat, 26 May 2018 10:04:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 14 Nov 2018 11:08:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-12-04
[ [ "Buchert", "Thomas", "" ], [ "Mourier", "Pierre", "" ], [ "Roy", "Xavier", "" ] ]
The subject of cosmological backreaction in General Relativity is often approached by coordinate-dependent and metric-based analyses. We present in this letter an averaging formalism for the scalar parts of Einstein's equations that is coordinate-independent and only functionally depends on a metric. This formalism is applicable to general 3+1 foliations of spacetime for an arbitrary fluid with tilted flow. We clarify the dependence on spacetime foliation and argue that this dependence is weak in cosmological settings. We also introduce a new set of averaged equations that feature a global cosmological time despite the generality of the setting, and we put the statistical nature of effective cosmologies into perspective.
1803.10767
Christian Corda Prof.
S. H. Hendi, Z. S. Taghadomi and C. Corda
New aspect of critical nonlinearly charged black hole
10 pages, 2 tables, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys. Rev. D 97, 084039 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.97.084039
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The motion of a point charged particle moving in the background of the critical power Maxwell charged AdS black holes, in a probe approximation is studied. The extended phase space, where the cosmological constant appears as a pressure, is regarded and the effective potential is investigated. At last, the mass-to-charge ratio and the large q limit are studied.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Mar 2018 09:53:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-05-09
[ [ "Hendi", "S. H.", "" ], [ "Taghadomi", "Z. S.", "" ], [ "Corda", "C.", "" ] ]
The motion of a point charged particle moving in the background of the critical power Maxwell charged AdS black holes, in a probe approximation is studied. The extended phase space, where the cosmological constant appears as a pressure, is regarded and the effective potential is investigated. At last, the mass-to-charge ratio and the large q limit are studied.
2401.13857
Kristian Gjorgjieski
Kristian Gjorgjieski, Jutta Kunz and Petya Nedkova
Comparison of Magnetized Thick Disks around Black Holes and Boson Stars
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Boson stars are considered as promising candidates for black hole mimickers. Similar to other compact objects they can form accretion disks around them. The properties of these disks could possibly distinguish them from other compact objects like black holes in future observations. Retrograde thick disks around boson stars and the influence of strong magnetic fields on them were already studied and it was shown that they can harbor very distinct features compared to black hole disks. However, the case of prograde thick disks is mostly unexplored, since they may appear much more similar to black hole disks. In this work we will investigate similarities and differences regarding prograde thick disks around non-selfinteracting rotating boson stars and rotating black holes. We assume thereby a polytropic equation of state and a constant specific angular momentum distribution of the disks. We classify the various conceivable boson star and black hole solutions by a dimensionless spin parameter $a$ and compare their corresponding disk solutions. The influence of toroidal magnetic fields on the disks is analyzed by selected disk properties, as the rest-mass density distribution and the Bernoulli parameter. Disk solutions are characterized by their degree of magnetization represented by the magnetization parameter $\beta_{mc}$. We found that strong magnetic fields can strengthen the differences of disk solutions or oppositely even lead to a correlation in disk properties, depending on the spin parameter of the boson star and black hole solutions. We identify the vertical thickness of the boson star disks as the main differentiating factor, since for most solutions the vertical density distribution is far more outreaching for boson star disks compared to black hole disks.
[ { "created": "Wed, 24 Jan 2024 23:42:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 3 Feb 2024 15:48:12 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-02-06
[ [ "Gjorgjieski", "Kristian", "" ], [ "Kunz", "Jutta", "" ], [ "Nedkova", "Petya", "" ] ]
Boson stars are considered as promising candidates for black hole mimickers. Similar to other compact objects they can form accretion disks around them. The properties of these disks could possibly distinguish them from other compact objects like black holes in future observations. Retrograde thick disks around boson stars and the influence of strong magnetic fields on them were already studied and it was shown that they can harbor very distinct features compared to black hole disks. However, the case of prograde thick disks is mostly unexplored, since they may appear much more similar to black hole disks. In this work we will investigate similarities and differences regarding prograde thick disks around non-selfinteracting rotating boson stars and rotating black holes. We assume thereby a polytropic equation of state and a constant specific angular momentum distribution of the disks. We classify the various conceivable boson star and black hole solutions by a dimensionless spin parameter $a$ and compare their corresponding disk solutions. The influence of toroidal magnetic fields on the disks is analyzed by selected disk properties, as the rest-mass density distribution and the Bernoulli parameter. Disk solutions are characterized by their degree of magnetization represented by the magnetization parameter $\beta_{mc}$. We found that strong magnetic fields can strengthen the differences of disk solutions or oppositely even lead to a correlation in disk properties, depending on the spin parameter of the boson star and black hole solutions. We identify the vertical thickness of the boson star disks as the main differentiating factor, since for most solutions the vertical density distribution is far more outreaching for boson star disks compared to black hole disks.
1808.10278
Herwig Dejonghe
Herwig Dejonghe
Spherical cosmological models: an alternative cosmology
null
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.GA
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The properties of universes are explored that are entirely in the interior of black holes in another universe, a `mother universe'. It is argued that these models offer a paradigm that may shed a new light on old cosmological problems. The geometry of such a universe is discussed including how it would appear to the observer. The Hubble parameter is direction dependent, but it is argued that the interpretation of any such dependence will be hard to separate from local inhomogeneities. The models do not originate from a big bang, but rather from an initial collapse and subsequent infall, that started probably a very long time ago, presumably much earlier than the accepted age of the universe. The relation to the concordance model is discussed and it is shown that a lot of the existing theory can be taken over into the proposed models. The universe has an edge, which is an ordinary spherical surface in 3 dimensions. That sphere acts as a gravitational mirror as seen from inside the universe, but it does not mirror redshift. The same object can thus be seen in direct sight and in reflection, although with different redshifts, different ages and different aspect angles. The models do not need dark energy, but they need dark matter, of course. Since the models are closed and neutrino's are nowadays believed to have mass, neutrino's can be reconsidered as candidates for the dark matter. As a bonus result from this paradigm, mass ejection from black holes is shown to be possible, which links that process to the controversial anomalous galaxy redshifts. Finally, we show that gravitational mass and inertial mass are proportional, and that the inertial acceleration scales as $c^2/M$, with $M$ a characteristic length scale of the universe.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Aug 2018 09:17:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 21 May 2019 14:26:36 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 13 Oct 2022 19:32:56 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2022-10-17
[ [ "Dejonghe", "Herwig", "" ] ]
The properties of universes are explored that are entirely in the interior of black holes in another universe, a `mother universe'. It is argued that these models offer a paradigm that may shed a new light on old cosmological problems. The geometry of such a universe is discussed including how it would appear to the observer. The Hubble parameter is direction dependent, but it is argued that the interpretation of any such dependence will be hard to separate from local inhomogeneities. The models do not originate from a big bang, but rather from an initial collapse and subsequent infall, that started probably a very long time ago, presumably much earlier than the accepted age of the universe. The relation to the concordance model is discussed and it is shown that a lot of the existing theory can be taken over into the proposed models. The universe has an edge, which is an ordinary spherical surface in 3 dimensions. That sphere acts as a gravitational mirror as seen from inside the universe, but it does not mirror redshift. The same object can thus be seen in direct sight and in reflection, although with different redshifts, different ages and different aspect angles. The models do not need dark energy, but they need dark matter, of course. Since the models are closed and neutrino's are nowadays believed to have mass, neutrino's can be reconsidered as candidates for the dark matter. As a bonus result from this paradigm, mass ejection from black holes is shown to be possible, which links that process to the controversial anomalous galaxy redshifts. Finally, we show that gravitational mass and inertial mass are proportional, and that the inertial acceleration scales as $c^2/M$, with $M$ a characteristic length scale of the universe.
2403.19315
Bogeun Gwak
Hyewon Han, Bogeun Gwak
Mass fluctuations in non-rotating BTZ black holes
17 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the impact of oscillations of a black-hole mass around its average value on the three-dimensional black hole geometry. Drawing on a classical framework that conceptualizes fluctuations near an event horizon as mass variations, we introduce a model where the metric of a black hole, formed from the collapse of a massive null shell, exhibits oscillatory behavior in spherical modes. This dynamic is encapsulated by a non-rotating BTZ-Vaidya solution, characterized by the black hole mass fluctuating at a resonant frequency $\omega$ and a small amplitude parameter $\mu_0$. Using a perturbative approach, solutions to the null geodesic equation are determined up to the second order in $\mu_0$. The temporal fluctuations of the event horizon's location induce alterations in the thermodynamic variables' values. Upon calculating the time-averaged values, it is observed that the mean Hawking temperature experiences a slight decrease due to these fluctuations, while the mean entropy exhibits an increase, deviating from trends observed in four- and higher-dimensional spacetimes. Further, the study delves into the influence of these fluctuations on the trajectories of null rays near the horizon, ultimately reaching the anti-de Sitter boundary at late times. The analytical computation of the general solution for the perturbed rays up to the second order underscores the novel approach of this study in examining the effects of mass oscillations on black hole thermodynamics and geometry, contributing a unique perspective to the field.
[ { "created": "Thu, 28 Mar 2024 11:15:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-03-29
[ [ "Han", "Hyewon", "" ], [ "Gwak", "Bogeun", "" ] ]
We investigate the impact of oscillations of a black-hole mass around its average value on the three-dimensional black hole geometry. Drawing on a classical framework that conceptualizes fluctuations near an event horizon as mass variations, we introduce a model where the metric of a black hole, formed from the collapse of a massive null shell, exhibits oscillatory behavior in spherical modes. This dynamic is encapsulated by a non-rotating BTZ-Vaidya solution, characterized by the black hole mass fluctuating at a resonant frequency $\omega$ and a small amplitude parameter $\mu_0$. Using a perturbative approach, solutions to the null geodesic equation are determined up to the second order in $\mu_0$. The temporal fluctuations of the event horizon's location induce alterations in the thermodynamic variables' values. Upon calculating the time-averaged values, it is observed that the mean Hawking temperature experiences a slight decrease due to these fluctuations, while the mean entropy exhibits an increase, deviating from trends observed in four- and higher-dimensional spacetimes. Further, the study delves into the influence of these fluctuations on the trajectories of null rays near the horizon, ultimately reaching the anti-de Sitter boundary at late times. The analytical computation of the general solution for the perturbed rays up to the second order underscores the novel approach of this study in examining the effects of mass oscillations on black hole thermodynamics and geometry, contributing a unique perspective to the field.
1804.10793
Jakub Mielczarek Ph.D.
Michal Mandrysz, Jakub Mielczarek
Ultralocal nature of geometrogenesis
23 pages, 9 figures
null
10.1088/1361-6382/aaef71
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this article we show that the ultralocal state of gravity can be associated with the so-called crumpled phase of gravity, observed e.g. in Causal Dynamical Triangulations. By considering anisotropic scaling present in the Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz theory, we prove that in the ultralocal scaling limit ($z \rightarrow 0$) the graph representing connectivity structure of space is becoming complete. In consequence, transition from the ultralocal phase ($z=0$) to the standard relativistic scaling ($z=1$) is implemented by the geometrogensis, similar to the one considered in Quantum Graphity approach. However, the relation holds only for the finite number of nodes $N$ and in the continuous limit ($N\rightarrow \infty$) the complete graph reduces to the set of disconnected points due to the weights $w=1/N$ associated with the links. By coupling Ising spin matter to the considered graph we show that the process of geometrogensis can be associated with critical behavior. Based on both analytical and numerical analysis phase diagram of the system is reconstructed showing that (for a ring graph) symmetry broken phase occurs at $z\in [0, 0.5)$. Finally, cosmological consequences of the considered process of geometrogenesis as well as similarities with the so-called synaptic pruning are briefly discussed.
[ { "created": "Sat, 28 Apr 2018 12:19:47 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-12-26
[ [ "Mandrysz", "Michal", "" ], [ "Mielczarek", "Jakub", "" ] ]
In this article we show that the ultralocal state of gravity can be associated with the so-called crumpled phase of gravity, observed e.g. in Causal Dynamical Triangulations. By considering anisotropic scaling present in the Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz theory, we prove that in the ultralocal scaling limit ($z \rightarrow 0$) the graph representing connectivity structure of space is becoming complete. In consequence, transition from the ultralocal phase ($z=0$) to the standard relativistic scaling ($z=1$) is implemented by the geometrogensis, similar to the one considered in Quantum Graphity approach. However, the relation holds only for the finite number of nodes $N$ and in the continuous limit ($N\rightarrow \infty$) the complete graph reduces to the set of disconnected points due to the weights $w=1/N$ associated with the links. By coupling Ising spin matter to the considered graph we show that the process of geometrogensis can be associated with critical behavior. Based on both analytical and numerical analysis phase diagram of the system is reconstructed showing that (for a ring graph) symmetry broken phase occurs at $z\in [0, 0.5)$. Finally, cosmological consequences of the considered process of geometrogenesis as well as similarities with the so-called synaptic pruning are briefly discussed.
2103.08872
Zhigang Bu
Zhigang Bu, Liangliang Ji and Baifei Shen
Unruh effect and angular momentum correlation of Rindler particles
23 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
It is well known that the rotational motion does not induce Unruh effect, because the Minkowski vacuum coincides with the vacuum state defined by the pure rotating observers. However, are there Rindler particles carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM), and do they produce observable effect? To answer these questions, we need an accelerated observer having a vortex structure in the transverse dimensions and carrying well-defined OAM. Here we consider the angular momentum characteristics of Unruh effect in the theory of scalar field and electromagnetic field for the first time. We find that the rotation and vortex structure of a uniformly accelerated observer lead to the definite angular momentum correlation between Rindler particles and their counterparts in Minkowski vacuum. When interacting with the Unruh thermal bath, the accelerated vortex observer carrying the OAM of l can absorb and emit Rindler particles with the same OAM, and the particle energy is determined by the angular velocity of the rotation. The absorption rate is not equal to the emission rate in general. Both the absorption and emission processes in the thermal bath are correlated with the emission process of particles with OAM of +l or -1 in Minkowski vacuum. This effect may promote a potential scheme to detect the Unruh effect. The OAM provides a potential approach to filter out the background noise so that the signal particles could be extracted sufficiently.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Mar 2021 06:47:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-03-17
[ [ "Bu", "Zhigang", "" ], [ "Ji", "Liangliang", "" ], [ "Shen", "Baifei", "" ] ]
It is well known that the rotational motion does not induce Unruh effect, because the Minkowski vacuum coincides with the vacuum state defined by the pure rotating observers. However, are there Rindler particles carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM), and do they produce observable effect? To answer these questions, we need an accelerated observer having a vortex structure in the transverse dimensions and carrying well-defined OAM. Here we consider the angular momentum characteristics of Unruh effect in the theory of scalar field and electromagnetic field for the first time. We find that the rotation and vortex structure of a uniformly accelerated observer lead to the definite angular momentum correlation between Rindler particles and their counterparts in Minkowski vacuum. When interacting with the Unruh thermal bath, the accelerated vortex observer carrying the OAM of l can absorb and emit Rindler particles with the same OAM, and the particle energy is determined by the angular velocity of the rotation. The absorption rate is not equal to the emission rate in general. Both the absorption and emission processes in the thermal bath are correlated with the emission process of particles with OAM of +l or -1 in Minkowski vacuum. This effect may promote a potential scheme to detect the Unruh effect. The OAM provides a potential approach to filter out the background noise so that the signal particles could be extracted sufficiently.
0902.3199
Laszlo B. Szabados
Laszlo B Szabados
Towards the quasi-localization of canonical GR
28 pages, typos corrected, a reference is changed, the text is improved at several points, appearing in Class. Quantum Grav
null
10.1088/0264-9381/26/12/125013
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A general framework for a systematic quasi-localization of canonical general relativity and a new ingredient, the requirement of the gauge invariance of the boundary terms appearing in the calculation of Poisson brackets, are given. As a consequence of this it is shown, in particular, that the generator vector fields (built from the lapse and shift) of the quasi-local quantities must be divergence free with respect to a Sen-type connection; and the volume form induced from the spatial metric on the boundary surface must be fixed.
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 Feb 2009 17:27:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 19 May 2009 12:09:10 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-05-13
[ [ "Szabados", "Laszlo B", "" ] ]
A general framework for a systematic quasi-localization of canonical general relativity and a new ingredient, the requirement of the gauge invariance of the boundary terms appearing in the calculation of Poisson brackets, are given. As a consequence of this it is shown, in particular, that the generator vector fields (built from the lapse and shift) of the quasi-local quantities must be divergence free with respect to a Sen-type connection; and the volume form induced from the spatial metric on the boundary surface must be fixed.
gr-qc/0509049
Krzysztof A. Meissner
Krzysztof A. Meissner
Eigenvalues of the volume operator in loop quantum gravity
12 pages, version accepted in Class. Quantum Grav
Class.Quant.Grav. 23 (2006) 617-626
10.1088/0264-9381/23/3/005
null
gr-qc
null
We present a simple method to calculate certain sums of the eigenvalues of the volume operator in loop quantum gravity. We derive the asymptotic distribution of the eigenvalues in the classical limit of very large spins which turns out to be of a very simple form. The results can be useful for example in the statistical approach to quantum gravity.
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Sep 2005 13:59:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 13 Jan 2006 10:59:25 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Meissner", "Krzysztof A.", "" ] ]
We present a simple method to calculate certain sums of the eigenvalues of the volume operator in loop quantum gravity. We derive the asymptotic distribution of the eigenvalues in the classical limit of very large spins which turns out to be of a very simple form. The results can be useful for example in the statistical approach to quantum gravity.
2305.14186
Jessica Page
Jessica Page, Tyson Littenberg
Bayesian Time Delay Interferometry for Orbiting LISA: Accounting for the Time Dependence of Spacecraft Separations
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Previous work demonstrated effective laser frequency noise (LFN) suppression for Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) data from raw phasemeter measurements using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm with fractional delay interpolation (FDI) techniques to estimate the spacecraft separation parameters required for time-delay interferometry (TDI) under the assumption of a rigidly rotating LISA configuration. Including TDI parameters in the LISA data model as part of a global fit analysis pipeline enables gravitational wave inferences to be marginalized over uncertainty in the spacecraft separations. Here we extend the algorithm's capability to perform data-driven TDI on LISA in Keplerian orbits, which introduce a time-dependence in the arm-length parameters and at least $\mathcal{O}$(M) times greater computational cost since the filter must be applied for every sample in the time series of sample size M. We find feasibility of arm-length estimation on $\sim$day-long time scales by using a novel Taylor-expanded version of the fractional delay interpolation filter that allows half of the filter computation to be calculated and stored before MCMC iterations and requires shorter filter lengths than previously reported. We demonstrate LFN suppression for orbiting LISA using accurate arm-length estimates parameterized by Keplerian orbital parameters under the assumption of unperturbed analytical Keplerian orbits, and explore the potential extension of these methods to arbitrary numerical orbits.
[ { "created": "Tue, 23 May 2023 16:07:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 26 May 2023 15:00:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-05-29
[ [ "Page", "Jessica", "" ], [ "Littenberg", "Tyson", "" ] ]
Previous work demonstrated effective laser frequency noise (LFN) suppression for Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) data from raw phasemeter measurements using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm with fractional delay interpolation (FDI) techniques to estimate the spacecraft separation parameters required for time-delay interferometry (TDI) under the assumption of a rigidly rotating LISA configuration. Including TDI parameters in the LISA data model as part of a global fit analysis pipeline enables gravitational wave inferences to be marginalized over uncertainty in the spacecraft separations. Here we extend the algorithm's capability to perform data-driven TDI on LISA in Keplerian orbits, which introduce a time-dependence in the arm-length parameters and at least $\mathcal{O}$(M) times greater computational cost since the filter must be applied for every sample in the time series of sample size M. We find feasibility of arm-length estimation on $\sim$day-long time scales by using a novel Taylor-expanded version of the fractional delay interpolation filter that allows half of the filter computation to be calculated and stored before MCMC iterations and requires shorter filter lengths than previously reported. We demonstrate LFN suppression for orbiting LISA using accurate arm-length estimates parameterized by Keplerian orbital parameters under the assumption of unperturbed analytical Keplerian orbits, and explore the potential extension of these methods to arbitrary numerical orbits.
2202.13935
Marcony Silva Cunha
C. R. Muniz, H. R. Christiansen, M. S. Cunha, J. Furtado
Four-dimensional regular black strings in bilocal gravity
12 pages, 5 figures, text improved, final version to be published in the Annals of Physics
Annals of Physics 443, 168980 (2022)
10.1016/j.aop.2022.168980
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we obtain a static black string solution for a bilocal gravitational source in 3+1 dimensions. The solution is regular at the origin and tends asymptotically to the ordinary static uncharged black string solution of general relativity. It allows an event horizon and an internal horizon depending on the value of the mass density. A mass remnant associated with a vanishing Hawking temperature is also found. In order to stabilize the solution, a perfect cosmological fluid with state parameter $\omega>-1$ should be present throughout space. However, energy conditions do not exclude an exotic substance nearby the black string. Finally, we find the stationary counterpart of the solution and analyze the behavior of the horizons according to the mass and angular momentum of the spinning object.
[ { "created": "Mon, 28 Feb 2022 16:34:12 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 9 Mar 2022 02:23:52 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 30 Jun 2022 13:39:43 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2022-08-08
[ [ "Muniz", "C. R.", "" ], [ "Christiansen", "H. R.", "" ], [ "Cunha", "M. S.", "" ], [ "Furtado", "J.", "" ] ]
In this paper, we obtain a static black string solution for a bilocal gravitational source in 3+1 dimensions. The solution is regular at the origin and tends asymptotically to the ordinary static uncharged black string solution of general relativity. It allows an event horizon and an internal horizon depending on the value of the mass density. A mass remnant associated with a vanishing Hawking temperature is also found. In order to stabilize the solution, a perfect cosmological fluid with state parameter $\omega>-1$ should be present throughout space. However, energy conditions do not exclude an exotic substance nearby the black string. Finally, we find the stationary counterpart of the solution and analyze the behavior of the horizons according to the mass and angular momentum of the spinning object.
1601.05965
Pouria Pedram
Hossein Ardehali and Pouria Pedram
Chaplygin Gas Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz Quantum Cosmology
11 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Physical Review D
Phys. Rev. D 93, 043532 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.043532
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we study the Chaplygin gas Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz quantum cosmology. Using Schutz formalism and Arnowitt-Deser-Misner decomposition, we obtain the corresponding Schr\"{o}dinger-Wheeler-DeWitt equation. We obtain exact classical and quantum mechanical solutions and construct wave packets to study the time evolution of the expectation value of the scale factor for two cases. We show that unlike classical solutions and upon choosing appropriate initial conditions, the expectation value of the scale factor never tends to the singular point which exhibits the singularity-free behavior of the solutions in the quantum domain.
[ { "created": "Fri, 22 Jan 2016 11:43:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-02-24
[ [ "Ardehali", "Hossein", "" ], [ "Pedram", "Pouria", "" ] ]
In this paper, we study the Chaplygin gas Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz quantum cosmology. Using Schutz formalism and Arnowitt-Deser-Misner decomposition, we obtain the corresponding Schr\"{o}dinger-Wheeler-DeWitt equation. We obtain exact classical and quantum mechanical solutions and construct wave packets to study the time evolution of the expectation value of the scale factor for two cases. We show that unlike classical solutions and upon choosing appropriate initial conditions, the expectation value of the scale factor never tends to the singular point which exhibits the singularity-free behavior of the solutions in the quantum domain.
2006.03339
Tayyaba Naz
M. Farasat Shamir, Tayyaba Naz
Stellar Structures in $f(\mathcal{G})$ Gravity Admitting Noether Symmetries
11 pages, 5 figures
Phys. Lett. B 806 (2020) 135519
10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135519
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This work aims to investigate some possible emergence of relativistic compact stellar objects in modified $f(\mathcal{G})$ gravity using Noether symmetry approach. For this purpose, we assume static spherically symmetric spacetime in the presence of isotropic matter distribution. We construct Noether symmetry generators along with associated conserved quantities by considering the standard choice of viable $f(\mathcal{G})$ gravity model i.e. $f(\mathcal{G})= \alpha\mathcal{G}^{n}$, where $\alpha$ is the model parameter. In particular, we use conservation relation acquired from the classical Noether approach by imposing some appropriate initial conditions to construct the metric potentials. The obtained conserved quantity play vital role in describing the stellar structure of compact stars. Moreover, by considering an appropriate numerical solution, some salient features of compact stellar structures like effective energy density, pressure, energy conditions, stability against equilibrium of the forces and speed of sound are discussed by assigning the suitable values of model parameter involved. Our study reveals that the compact objects in $f(\mathcal{G})$ gravity from Noether symmetry approach depend on the conserved quantity obtained and the model parameter $\alpha$. In nutshell, Noether symmetries are quite helpful to generate solutions that follow physically accepted phenomena. Moreover, we observed that these obtained solutions are consistent with the astrophysical observational data, which depicts the viability of our proposed Noether symmetry scheme.
[ { "created": "Fri, 5 Jun 2020 09:46:33 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-06-08
[ [ "Shamir", "M. Farasat", "" ], [ "Naz", "Tayyaba", "" ] ]
This work aims to investigate some possible emergence of relativistic compact stellar objects in modified $f(\mathcal{G})$ gravity using Noether symmetry approach. For this purpose, we assume static spherically symmetric spacetime in the presence of isotropic matter distribution. We construct Noether symmetry generators along with associated conserved quantities by considering the standard choice of viable $f(\mathcal{G})$ gravity model i.e. $f(\mathcal{G})= \alpha\mathcal{G}^{n}$, where $\alpha$ is the model parameter. In particular, we use conservation relation acquired from the classical Noether approach by imposing some appropriate initial conditions to construct the metric potentials. The obtained conserved quantity play vital role in describing the stellar structure of compact stars. Moreover, by considering an appropriate numerical solution, some salient features of compact stellar structures like effective energy density, pressure, energy conditions, stability against equilibrium of the forces and speed of sound are discussed by assigning the suitable values of model parameter involved. Our study reveals that the compact objects in $f(\mathcal{G})$ gravity from Noether symmetry approach depend on the conserved quantity obtained and the model parameter $\alpha$. In nutshell, Noether symmetries are quite helpful to generate solutions that follow physically accepted phenomena. Moreover, we observed that these obtained solutions are consistent with the astrophysical observational data, which depicts the viability of our proposed Noether symmetry scheme.
1206.7093
Lu\'is Filipe de Pinho Oliveira e Costa
L. Filipe O. Costa, Jos\'e Nat\'ario, Miguel Zilh\~ao
Mathisson's helical motions demystified
To appear in the Proceedings of the Spanish Relativity Meeting 2011 (ERE2011), "Towards new paradigms", Madrid 29 August - 2 September 2011
AIP Conf.Proc. 1458 (2011) 367-370
10.1063/1.4734436
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The motion of spinning test particles in general relativity is described by Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon equations, which are undetermined up to a spin supplementary condition, the latter being today still an open question. The Mathisson-Pirani (MP) condition is known to lead to rather mysterious helical motions which have been deemed unphysical, and for this reason discarded. We show that these assessments are unfounded and originate from a subtle (but crucial) misconception. We discuss the kinematical explanation of the helical motions, and dynamically interpret them through the concept of hidden momentum, which has an electromagnetic analogue. We also show that, contrary to previous claims, the frequency of the helical motions coincides exactly with the zitterbewegung frequency of the Dirac equation for the electron.
[ { "created": "Fri, 29 Jun 2012 18:27:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-08-07
[ [ "Costa", "L. Filipe O.", "" ], [ "Natário", "José", "" ], [ "Zilhão", "Miguel", "" ] ]
The motion of spinning test particles in general relativity is described by Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon equations, which are undetermined up to a spin supplementary condition, the latter being today still an open question. The Mathisson-Pirani (MP) condition is known to lead to rather mysterious helical motions which have been deemed unphysical, and for this reason discarded. We show that these assessments are unfounded and originate from a subtle (but crucial) misconception. We discuss the kinematical explanation of the helical motions, and dynamically interpret them through the concept of hidden momentum, which has an electromagnetic analogue. We also show that, contrary to previous claims, the frequency of the helical motions coincides exactly with the zitterbewegung frequency of the Dirac equation for the electron.
2204.12097
Titus K Mathew
Sarath N, Jerin Mohan N D and Titus K Mathew
Running vacuum cosmology with bulk viscous matter
25 pages and 11 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
We study the late acceleration of the universe by incorporating bulk viscous matter with the running vacuum. The vacuum energy density varies as the squares of the Hubble parameter ($\rho_{\Lambda}\propto H^2$), and the coefficient of bulk viscosity of matter is proportional to the velocity of expansion ($\xi \propto H$). We obtained an analytical solution to the Friedmann equations and estimated the model parameters using the combined data set SN1a+CMB+BAO+OHD. We have evaluated the universe's age as 14 Gyr, which is slightly higher than the age-predicted by the $\Lambda$CDM model. However, it is an improved result compared to the age-predicted by a class of bulk viscous matter-dominated models. Interestingly, we have obtained the coefficient of bulk viscosity of the matter component as $1.316\times 10^5$ kg $\textnormal m^{-1}$ $\textnormal s^{-1}$ which is one to two orders of magnitude less than the value predicted by most of the bulk viscous matter-dominated models and it falls in the range of highly viscous materials found on the earth. The Hubble parameter is a decreasing function of the scale factor, and it attains a constant value in the far future that corresponds to an end deSitter phase of evolution. The deceleration parameter shows a transition from matter-dominated decelerated phase to vacuum energy-dominated accelerating phase, and the transition redshift is obtained as $z_T = 0.73$. The statefinder analysis distinguishes our model from the $\Lambda$CDM model at present, and the $r-s$ trajectory reveals the quintessence behaviour of the vacuum energy. The phase space analysis shows that the universe is evolving towards a mechanically stable state in the far future. The entropy evolution satisfies the generalised second law of thermodynamics, and the entropy is maximised in the far future evolution.
[ { "created": "Tue, 26 Apr 2022 06:23:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-04-27
[ [ "N", "Sarath", "" ], [ "D", "Jerin Mohan N", "" ], [ "Mathew", "Titus K", "" ] ]
We study the late acceleration of the universe by incorporating bulk viscous matter with the running vacuum. The vacuum energy density varies as the squares of the Hubble parameter ($\rho_{\Lambda}\propto H^2$), and the coefficient of bulk viscosity of matter is proportional to the velocity of expansion ($\xi \propto H$). We obtained an analytical solution to the Friedmann equations and estimated the model parameters using the combined data set SN1a+CMB+BAO+OHD. We have evaluated the universe's age as 14 Gyr, which is slightly higher than the age-predicted by the $\Lambda$CDM model. However, it is an improved result compared to the age-predicted by a class of bulk viscous matter-dominated models. Interestingly, we have obtained the coefficient of bulk viscosity of the matter component as $1.316\times 10^5$ kg $\textnormal m^{-1}$ $\textnormal s^{-1}$ which is one to two orders of magnitude less than the value predicted by most of the bulk viscous matter-dominated models and it falls in the range of highly viscous materials found on the earth. The Hubble parameter is a decreasing function of the scale factor, and it attains a constant value in the far future that corresponds to an end deSitter phase of evolution. The deceleration parameter shows a transition from matter-dominated decelerated phase to vacuum energy-dominated accelerating phase, and the transition redshift is obtained as $z_T = 0.73$. The statefinder analysis distinguishes our model from the $\Lambda$CDM model at present, and the $r-s$ trajectory reveals the quintessence behaviour of the vacuum energy. The phase space analysis shows that the universe is evolving towards a mechanically stable state in the far future. The entropy evolution satisfies the generalised second law of thermodynamics, and the entropy is maximised in the far future evolution.