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when cooking, why do we mix specific ingredients at a time | Various reasons. It's easier to mix all the liquids together and all the dry and then mix the two mixes, or there needs to be a specific reaction that takes place between two ingredients, etc. | [
"Spice mixes are blended spices or herbs. When a certain combination of herbs or spices is called for in many different recipes (or in one recipe that is used frequently), it is convenient to blend these ingredients beforehand. Blends such as chili powder, curry powder, herbes de Provence, garlic salt, and other se... |
why do we find roller coasters and similar rides enjoyable? | "Nothing in life is so exhilarating as to be shot at without result." - Winston Churchill
Dangerous stimuli, such as great heights and fast speeds - both of which are features of rollercoasters, trigger the sympathetic nervous response, which increases heart rate, blood pressure, and parts of the brain associated with... | [
"Roller coaster enthusiasts recognize it as one of the best wooden roller coasters in North America because of its historical significance, elements of hills and drops, and terrific \"air\" time giving riders the sensation of floating out of their seats. The roller coaster operates two trains, one red and one blue,... |
how we know what everything in space does, and how its formed without actually being there, or witnessing it. | > without actually being there, or witnessing it
If a nuclear bomb went off many miles away, but you were on top of a mountain and saw the cloud, you still witnessed it. Now, if you were farther away and saw it through binoculars, you still witnessed it.
Similarly, we totally witness things in space via telescopes a... | [
"BULLET::::5. A human soul exists. He thought that atoms move in an empty space, classically known as the void, which contradicts the Aristotelian view that the universe is fully made of matter. Gassendi also suggests that information gathered by the human senses has a material form, especially in the case of visio... |
Does the Snooze Button Actually Give Us More Rest? | Ladies and Gentlemen - may I remind you all that the plural of 'personal anecdote' is not 'evidence', and these kinds of response are not appropriate here in AskScience.
We're keeping a close eye on this question - hopefully we can get some peer-reviewed goodness in here soon. However, it may be there isn't any.
In... | [
"A tracheal button is generally used in people with severe obstructive sleep apnea, who often wear this device during waking hours and remove it while sleeping to ensure a patent airway and reduce the risk of asphyxiation. Since the tube does not extend far into the trachea, it is easy to breathe and speak with the... |
Book about Knights in Medieval Spain | > an idiot knight and his fake heroics, set in a fictional place similar to Spain.
Not to put too fine a point on it, but you should probably check out Miguel de Cervantes, *Don Quixote* first. | [
"Chivalry in Medieval Spain cannot be understood outside of the context of the Military Orders of Knighthood. Historians seem to be conflicted as to whether Knights in Spanish were directed more by royalty (such as the king of Castile or the king of Aragon), or by the Papacy. But there seems to be a consensus that ... |
[Medicine] Can any cardiologists give a real insight into "Cough Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation" or "Cough CPR" and its effectiveness in assisting someone who is about to go into cardiac arrest? | Anesthesiologist here. Vagal maneuvers (coughing, bearing down) may terminate some tachyarythmias by stimulating the vagal nerve and activating parasympathetics which counteract sympathetic stimulation which initiates the tachyarrhythmia. A myocardial infarction is due to an imbalance between supply and demand of oxyge... | [
"Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, also known by the acronym CPR is an emergency procedure performed in an effort to manually preserve intact brain function until further measures are taken to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person who is in cardiac arrest. It is a basic but proven first aid s... |
Is there any evidence that people would purposefully lame blacksmiths because their skills were too essential for a village to lose? | Just out of curiosity, where did you hear this? I've never heard it before. | [
"As many people continued to stay in the area, the major economic activity of the people had been blacksmithing, which was dominant in the area, the people having been engaged in various types of gainful employment. The people of the area engaged in all forms of smithing and other iron work. Both blacksmithing and ... |
Does a submerged object placed in a vessel of water (or other liquid) change the total overall weight of that vessel? | Dit will weight 5 pound more than before. The object dies not need to touch the tank. His own weight is transmitted through water. It would be the same with an other liquid.
To recap: the object is 'pushing' on the water which is 'pushing' on the tank with it's own weight and the weight of the object | [
"To calculate the weight of the displaced water, it is necessary to know its density. Seawater (1025 kg/m) is more dense than fresh water (1000 kg/m); so a ship will ride higher in salt water than in fresh. The density of water also varies with temperature.\n",
"In the case of an object that sinks (is totally sub... |
In a vacuum, all objects, regardless of mass, fall at the same rate. However, since objects with less mass have less inertia and therefore they are affected more by the same amount of force, why don't object with less mass fall at a greater rate in a vacuum than more massive objects? | The force of classical gravity is proportional to the masses of *both* objects in a gravitational interact. The formula is F=GMm/r^(2), where M is the mass of one object, and m is the mass of the other object. By Newton's third law, this is actually the same force experienced by *both* objects, although in opposite dir... | [
"[106] Aristotle believed that bodies fell at a speed proportional to weight but Salviati doubts that Aristotle ever tested this. He also did not believe that motion in a void was possible, but since air is much less dense than water Salviati asserts that in a medium devoid of resistance (a vacuum) all bodies—a loc... |
[WW2] What was the proportion of Luftwaffe casualties between Eastern and Western fronts? What Germans themselves thought of different opponents? | It's an interesting question, as it tests our faith in documents and implications of bias. However, German military documents - at least those not doctored for public consumption - have proven mostly accurate to the German military situation, at least until late 1944. So let's do some data analysis.
Rüdiger Overmans, ... | [
"Most of the battles fought by the \"Luftwaffe\" on the Western Front were against the RAF's \"Circus\" raids and the occasional daylight raid into German air space. This was a fortunate position since the \"Luftwaffe\"s strategy of focusing its striking power on one front started to unravel with the failure of the... |
How soon after the advent of agriculture did humans start hybridizing crops? (selecting desired traits) | Its worth noting that selecting desired traits does not have to include hybridizing. Plants such as Vitis vinifera (wine grapes) can have somatic mutations that require cloning (growing a cutting) to preserve and select the desirable trait. I can't speak to crops in general but selection among Vitis vinifera goes bac... | [
"Artificial selection has produced a wide variety of plants. In the case of maize (corn), recent genetic evidence suggests that domestication occurred 10,000 years ago in central Mexico. Prior to domestication, the edible portion of the wild form was small and difficult to collect. Today \"The Maize Genetics Cooper... |
How did countries with an established private healthcare system transition into a public healthcare system? | What is interesting here is that the very notion of state-sponsored healthcare, as a component of the liberal states in the 19th century, was in part driven by a desire to strengthen the state against rival structures. It can be said that the nationalization of healthcare was a long process that developed concurrently ... | [
"The universality of the system was established later in 1986. At the same time, management of public healthcare was delegated to the different autonomous communities in the country. While previously this was not the case, in 1997 it was established that public authorities can delegate management of publicly funded... |
if a company is hacked and user name and passwords are compromised, why doesn't the company immediately disable all of the accounts and require a new password upon next log on? | If it is a very serious breach they will require users to get a new password at some point. Most data breaches are not very severe though, as even if you can access password data it is usually hashed and salted and sometimes even encrypted, which means hackers have close to 0% chance to actually find out passwords of u... | [
"With this kind of two-factor authentication, mere knowledge of username and password is not sufficient to break into a user's account; the attacker also needs knowledge of the shared secret key, or physical access to the device running the Authenticator app. An alternative route of attack is a man-in-the-middle at... |
how do women who have been on birth control pills their whole life have menopause? | Menopause has more to do with active hormone cycles than the actual egg. The endocrine system has more say of when menopause begins rather than actual fertility.
The pill only introduces 1-3 hormones which control ovulation. However there are a slew of other hormones that drive reproductive function. The decrease of ... | [
"Side effects can include nausea, headache, blood clots, breast pain, depression, and liver problems. Use is not recommended during pregnancy, the initial three weeks after childbirth, and in those at high risk of blood clots. However, it may be started immediately after a miscarriage or abortion. Smoking while usi... |
the difference between 100s and short cigarettes | The 100s contain more filter, same amount of tobacco I believe. | [
"Cigarette tubes are pre-rolled cigarette paper usually with an acetate or paper filter at the end. They have an appearance similar to a finished cigarette but are without any tobacco or smoking material inside. The length varies from what is known as King Size (84mm) to 100's (100mm).\n",
"Between the 1930s and ... |
how has donald trump gained such front-running status so quickly? | Keep in mind he is only polling at 15%, and that is just among Republicans. He is going off name recognition mostly. That and the fact that nobody likes any of the candidates that are running. | [
"His run concluded on February 23, 2007, before any debates or primaries, due to funding shortfalls. He endorsed Senator Hillary Clinton after his exit, but shifted to Barack Obama after her withdrawal.\n",
"The 2016 GOP primaries featured what was at the time the largest field in the history of both major partie... |
how does a vickrey auction work? | I think what you’re missing is the purpose of auch auctions. The purpose of this auction as a buyer is to buy a product of unknown price for about as much as it is worth to you.
You don’t bid in an auction to win (usually) but to buy a product of limited availability for the price you are willing to pay. The proble... | [
"A Vickrey auction is a type of sealed-bid auction. Bidders submit written bids without knowing the bid of the other people in the auction. The highest bidder wins but the price paid is the second-highest bid. This type of auction is strategically similar to an English auction and gives bidders an incentive to bid ... |
What did students in the early united states learn in school if there even was school? | Boston Latin School is the first public school and oldest existing school in the United States. It was founded in 1635. Boston itself was only founded in 1629. The school taught Latin, Greek, Religion, and Oration.
Of course, this was a school for older pupils, and it was and still is an elite school with competiti... | [
"The Americans organized public schools. They selected big houses for schools buildings. The first teachers were Americans. The most popular among them was Catler. The Americans gave pencils, paper and slates to the pupils in order to encourage the people to get to school. Even the adults were encouraged to go to s... |
Question regarding the technology used in 3D televisions that do not require polarized glasses | [The cover article on the March 21 issue of *Nature* discusses this exact topic](_URL_2_).
As I understand it, there are a number of current technologies, but most of them rely on having neighboring pixels displaying pieces of the two different pictures needed for depth-perception, and then either using barriers (ca... | [
"Until 2011, home 3D television and home 3D computer primarily used active shutter glasses with LCD or plasma displays. TV manufacturers (LG, Vizio) have introduced displays with horizontal polarizing stripes overlaying the screen. The stripes alternate polarization with each line. This permits using relatively ine... |
Why is it that serial computer connections like USB are more used/faster than parallel ones today? | 1. Timing. If there is too much timing skew, then bits of data that should belong to one time slice end up in the other one, and you have errors.
2. More wires means more power consumption.
3. When wires are close together, signals that should belong to one wire end up in the other wire. This is called crosstalk and... | [
"Although a serial link may seem inferior to a parallel one, since it can transmit less data per clock cycle, it is often the case that serial links can be clocked considerably faster than parallel links in order to achieve a higher data rate. Several factors allow serial to be clocked at a higher rate:\n",
"Seri... |
Why aren't Higgs bosons everywhere? (And a few other related questions.) | Higgs bosons don't maintain the Higgs field, nor do photons maintain the electromagnetic field, etc. These particles are excitations of their respective fields. The fields exist whether there's a particle there or not.
Not really. We have a pretty solid idea of what the Higgs boson is like. We could, of course, be wr... | [
"Because the Higgs boson is a very massive particle and also decays almost immediately when created, only a very high-energy particle accelerator can observe and record it. Experiments to confirm and determine the nature of the Higgs boson using the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN began in early 2010 and were p... |
was william jennings bryan the greatest orator in american history? | Undoubtedly many have equalled or exceeded him. I do think, however, that to be America's "greatest" orator is about having successfully and with great impact captured something deeply buried at the heart of crisis and/or identity. When Jennings spoke of the cross of gold, he did just this. Furthermore, Jennings spe... | [
"William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860 – July 26, 1925) was an American orator and politician from Nebraska. Beginning in 1896, he emerged as a dominant force in the Democratic Party, standing three times as the party's nominee for President of the United States. He also served in the United States House of Repres... |
Prior to the 22nd Amendment/FDR, had any presidents ever considered breaking Washington's 2-term precedent? | Teddy Roosevelt wanted another term. His first one was technically William McKinley's but Roosevelt said after his election in 1904 that he considered the first term to be HIS first term and would not run again in 1912. Well..he ran again in 1916. | [
" says George Washington did not set the informal precedent for a two-term limit for the Presidency. He only meant he was too worn out to personally continue in office. It was Thomas Jefferson who made it a principle in 1808. He made many statements calling for term limits in one form or another.\n",
"Though dism... |
what happens to profits after a company becomes closed or defunct? | When a store gets a physical good, such as a game or a CD, they pay for it. At that point, the company that produced it has made their profit. It doesn't matter if the product sells tomorrow or 5 years from now or gets thrown in the trash - profits have been made.
Furthermore, few businesses ever simply shut their d... | [
"After closing a business may be dissolved and have its assets redistributed after filing articles of dissolution. A business that operates multiple locations may continue to operate, but close some of its locations that are under-performing, or in the case of a manufacturer, cease production of some of its product... |
How did pirates such as Blackbeard, Bartholomew Roberts, and Jack Rackham get their own flag designs? | Might I suggest crossposting to /r/vexillology? It's a fine community of flag historians | [
"The purported flag of Blackbeard, consisting of a horned skeleton using a spear to pierce a bleeding heart, is typically attributed to the pirate Edward Teach, better known as Blackbeard. However, contrary to popular belief, there is no accurate description of any specific flag used by Blackbeard during his piracy... |
what is the purpose of information technology infrastructure library(itil)? | At its most basic level, ITIL is really a set of best practices for IT Service Management - without a methodical approach, Service Management can be something that's done on a fairly ad-hoc basis without any specific direction to it.
Although ITIL doesn't seek to specifically set in stone how things should be done, as... | [
"The library's projects include the development of tools to improve access to electronic resources. It works with commercial system suppliers to meet the needs of academic libraries—collaborations that have resulted in developments such as BASE (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine), by which metadata is collected from... |
why is the book of mormon in so many hotel rooms even though it isn’t a major religion? | The founder of Marriott was a Mormon. All their hotels (Fairfield Inn, Marriott, Courtyard, Renaissance etc) will have the Book of Mormon. They just bought Starwood hotels (Sheraton, W, Westin, etc) so likely their hotels will soon have them as well. I don't know if LDS donates the books like Gideons though. | [
"\"The Book of Mormon\" contains many religious themes, most notably those of faith and doubt. Although the musical satirizes organized religion and the literal credibility of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, the Mormons in \"The Book of Mormon\" are portrayed as well-meaning and optimistic, if a li... |
Why didn't China actively try to conquer the north? | Instead of why they couldn't, I think this question is asking why they didn't care to. Short and simple, the answer is Chinese elitism. Much like ancient Greeks (save Alexander who was Macedonian anyway) the Chinese considered themselves the apex of human civilization. Surrounding territories were barbaric, underdevelo... | [
"Following the success of the Han–Xiongnu War, Chinese states would also regularly strive to extend their power westwards. Despite their military might, these states found it difficult to conquer the whole region.\n",
"Chinese foreign policy was usually aimed at containing the threat of so-called \"barbarian\" in... |
why is primary and secondary education free and considered essential for everyone but not university? | It is free in Denmark.
I guess the reason is that everyone need some basic education but many jobs do not require a university degree. And it is of course a political decision so not a surprise that it isn't free in a country where people don't like to pay tax | [
"Free education is education funded through government spending or charitable organizations rather than tuition funding. Many models of free higher education have been proposed. Primary school and other comprehensive or compulsory education is free in many countries (often not including primary school textbooks as ... |
why do handbrakes/e-brakes and footbrakes work differently? | Foot brakes are usually a hydraulic system. You step on the pedal, fluid moves and a caliper compresses the brake shoes. There are many parts here: hydraulic fluid, accumulators, pistons... lots of things that can leak or break.
Hand brakes are usually just cables, directly connected to a caliper. You pull the brak... | [
"Brakes are non-motorised additions to a K*bot which prevent it from being pushed backward. These vary from simple chassis protrusions, designed to snag and dig into the tabletop surface, to more advanced strategies such as slip-gears and backward-mounted friction motors on axles to prevent them from turning backwa... |
when the army is called in to handle violent protests, etc why do these men agree to shoot upon their own fellow citizens? what happens if you refuse? | Because most of the time, the army isn't called to stop a protest unless it has become a full fledged riot. And rioters are not exerting their right to protest anymore, they have just become a danger to themselves and others and to private and public property, and must be dealt with as such.
In the case of peaceful p... | [
"[lead] demonstrators into clashes with the authorities, to provoke riots or shootings, which lead to the killing of one or more persons, who will be seen as the martyrs; this situation should be taken advantage of immediately against the Government to create even bigger conflicts.\n",
"BULLET::::- Failure to pre... |
How much historical evidence is there for a great flood? | There is the [Black Sea Deluge Hypothesis](_URL_0_), which basically posits that at the end of the latest Ice Age, as the sea levels rose as a result of glacial melting, an area of land separating the ocean from the Black Sea gave way, causing a massive migration of water over that break and into the Black Sea. To any ... | [
"Recent archaeological and geological discoveries may have some bearing on the story of the Great Flood. Archaeological evidence of a large outburst flood on the Yellow River has been dated to about 1920 BCE, and is suggested to have been the basis for the later myth. A colossal landslide created a natural dam acro... |
Why Does Space Smell Like Burning Metal? | Hydrocarbons! Space is mostly empty, but there's a lot of 'dust' out there. Astronauts also report "Burnt Steak" smell sticking to spacesuits when coming back from a spacewalk. "Metallic" smells are actually caused by the breakdown of substances on the surface of the metal due to ions on the metal surface. Same reason ... | [
"BULLET::::- Smell - The space station has a permanent odor described as the smell of gunpowder. Due to the zero gravity, the bodily fluids rise to the face and prevent the sinuses from drying up, which dulls the sense of smell.\n",
"\"\"Space Metal\" was really magic. I am afraid that I will fail to capture the ... |
How did Egyptian Hieroglyphics work? | > Was there a single picture representing each thing? Did they modify each character or did they use strings of words to create bigger meanings, like full-fledged adjectives?
There are 5 stages of hieroglyphs - Old, Middle, or Late Egyptian, then Demotic and finally Coptic. This is excluding the archaic version (we ... | [
"Hieroglyphs were employed in three ways in Ancient Egyptian texts: as logograms (ideograms) that represent a word denoting an object pictorially depicted by the hieroglyph; more commonly as phonograms writing a sound or sequence of sounds; and as determinatives (which provide clues to meaning without directly writ... |
What Happens to the Kinetic Energy in Positron Annihilation? | The photons will have more energy than just the rest mass of the electrons, to account for the electrons' kinetic energy. Other particles can also form, if the energy is high enough. CERN ran a very high energy electron-positron collider where the LHC is now. | [
"where 511 keV is the electron and positron rest energy, is the visible energy from the reaction, and is the antineutrino kinetic energy. After the prompt positron annihilation, the neutron undergoes neutron capture on an element in the detector, producing a delayed flash of 2.22 MeV if captured on a proton. The ti... |
before electronic currency, how did central banks, e.g the fed, pay for the production of legal tender (bills/coins)? | Electronic bookkeeping was not the first time balances were written down rather than represented with physical objects. Did you think that when I deposited $50 in a bank in 1950, that exact $50 bill was kept in the vault until I asked for it back? No, they took the bill, added it to their stash, and added 50 to the num... | [
"In 1913, the United States Congress passed the Federal Reserve Act which created The Federal Reserve System. All national banks were required to join the system and Congress created Federal Reserve notes to provide the nation with an elastic supply of currency. The notes were to be issued to Federal Reserve Banks ... |
what happens to a company when it's stock reaches zero? | The company won't go bankrupt just because its stock price has collapsed, but the stock price probably collapsed because of other problems which are about to lead to the company going bankrupt.
Let's assume that the company is in fact trading quite happily but the stock market has just lost all faith in it for some re... | [
"The index also drops a company if, at the end of two consecutive months, it fails to have an index weighting of at least one-tenth of a percent. This can occur at any time. Companies that are dropped are replaced by those with the largest market value that are not already in the index. Anticipation of these change... |
Why don't we use hydrogen balloons for first stage space deployment rather than rockets | Most of the shuttle's fuel goes into forward velocity, not getting the shuttle at orbital altitudes. If my memory serves me correctly, only about 10% of the fuel is used for lifting the shuttle and the rest is used for acceleration, so you wouldn't gain that much of an advantage by launching it from a balloon. The negl... | [
"The lifting gas could be helium or hydrogen. Helium is not only expensive in large quantities but is also a nonrenewable resource. This makes balloons an expensive launch assist technique. Hydrogen could be used as it has the advantage of being cheaper and lighter than helium, but the disadvantage of also being hi... |
what is wall street | Wall Street is a famous street in New York with many Banks and trading places. The trading places don't sell goods, they sell shares in big companies and shares in big deals, like oil.
This is important to pay for big things, like whole ships full of oil to keep our cars going, and new businesses to create new jobs.
... | [
"Wall Street is an eight-block-long street running roughly northwest to southeast from Broadway to South Street, at the East River, in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. Over time, the term has become a metonym for the financial markets of the United States as a whole, the American financia... |
I'm interested to know how the political attitude in Germany changed after WW2 from what appeared to be predominantly nationalist and anti-semitic facism to the democracy we know today. | There are lots of answers in many threads on Denazification in this sub what will likely provide lots of answers to this question I think. For instance.
- [What effects did Denazification have on the German and Austrian society?](_URL_0_)
- [How quick of a process was the denazification of Germany after the end of ... | [
"In Germany, it contributed to the rise of the National Socialist German Workers' Party, which resulted in the demise of the Weimar Republic and the establishment of the fascist regime, Nazi Germany, under the leadership of Adolf Hitler. With the rise of Hitler and the Nazis to power in 1933, liberal democracy was ... |
what's the deal with the holy trinity? why is it still monotheistic? | The Trinity distinguishes between persons and beings, or in layman terms one what and three who's.
God is one what (being) with three who's (persons). Each person is 100% God, co-equal (of equal power) and co-eternal (having existed forever). One person is not 1/3 of God because God is infinite and it is impossible to... | [
"The doctrine of the Trinity states that God is a single being who exists, simultaneously and eternally, as a communion of three distinct persons, the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. In Islam such plurality in God is a denial of monotheism, and thus a sin of shirk, which is considered to be a major 'al-Kaba'ir... |
how do compression stockings help to prevent blood clots? | Blood clots tend to form when blood is sitting stagnant. The compression increases blood pressure in the area and pushes blood out of the area, back into circulation. | [
"Unlike traditional dress or athletic stockings and socks, compression stockings use stronger elastics to create significant pressure on the legs, ankles and feet. Compression stockings are tightest at the ankles and gradually become less constrictive toward the knees and thighs. By compressing the surface veins, a... |
When we break a bone, is it nerve receptors in the bone that register the pain, or receptors in the muscles around the bone? | Bones are covered by a membrane called the periosteum, which is very sensitive to pain. | [
"Nociceptors responsible for bone pain can be activated via several mechanisms including deterioration of surrounding tissue, bone destruction, and physical stress which shears the bone, vascular, muscle, and nervous tissue.\n",
"For many years it has been known that bones are innervated with sensory neurons. Yet... |
how is it that software can crash, but restarting and trying a second time doesn't always yield the same results? | A lot of programs are doing a number of things simultaneously. It could easily be something "under the covers" that causes the crash. The actions you're found may only cause a problem if a number of other things were done first. Or, even tougher to find and fix, the problem may only occur when a few things under the co... | [
"Crash-only software refers to computer programs that handle failures by simply restarting, without attempting any sophisticated recovery. Correctly written components of crash-only software can microreboot to a known-good state without the help of a user. Since failure-handling and normal startup use the same meth... |
Why aren't plants more intelligent? | Evolution isn't a guy leveling up in an RPG. | [
"It has been argued that plants should also be classified as intelligent based on their ability to sense and model external and internal environments and adjust their morphology, physiology and phenotype accordingly to ensure self-preservation and reproduction.\n",
"The study of plant cognition stems from the ide... |
einstein podolsky rosen paradox | This is actually not terribly hard to do.
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle states that certain properties of quantum mechanical systems can't be precisely known simultaneously (why this is the case doesn't matter too much for an ELI5-level understanding of the EPR argument). Among such properties are position and m... | [
"In 1957, Bohm and his student Yakir Aharonov published a new version of the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) paradox, reformulating the original argument in terms of spin. It was that form of the EPR paradox that was discussed by John Stewart Bell in his famous paper of 1964.\n",
"The Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen parado... |
Why is New Horizons not flying closer than 7750 miles from Pluto's surface? | because 7750 miles is extremly close for a planetary flyby. there is the chance that any closer would cause the ship to go of course due to the gravity of the planet, or that a slight miscalculation would place the ship closer than expected. the windows of tolerence would then be smaler as to not allow the craft to ... | [
"\"New Horizons\" had its closest approach to Pluto on 14 July 2015—after a 3,462-day journey across the Solar System. Scientific observations of Pluto began five months before the closest approach and continued for at least a month after the encounter. \"New Horizons\" used a remote sensing package that includes i... |
can somebody please help me to understand the political structure in india and how this influences the citizens? | Okay, I'll bite since I'm Indian.
India does have both a president and a prime minister. The real power though rests with the Prime Minister (Dr. Manmohan Singh) while the President (Pranab Mukherjee) is only a ceremonial head. India inherited this system from the UK and the President essentially fulfills the role of ... | [
"Politics in India highly depended on patron-client ties along the caste lines during the Congress-dominating period. The caste that one belongs to serves as a strong determinant of his or her voting pattern. In India, different political parties represent the interests of different caste groups. The upper and merc... |
the purpose of developing self driving cars. | Many people spend a significant amount of time driving, especially their daily commute due to their job. Many people spend well over an hour driving to and from work.
I would pay a significant premium on a vehicle if it were capable of driving itself, which would free up that hour each day for me to just sit back and... | [
"Many components contribute to the functioning of self-driving cars. These vehicles incorporate systems such as braking, lane changing, collision prevention, navigation and mapping. Together, these systems, as well as high performance computers, are integrated into one complex vehicle.\n",
"Since 2013, when self-... |
why does comcast charge me *less* to provide tv internet than internet alone? | This is likely some promotional rate, which will increase in 12-24 months above what you were paying for a single service. | [
"Comcast has received criticism for this practice, with critics arguing that the company was abusing customer resources (including bandwidth and electricity) to provide services for other customers, as well as concerns regarding security, and liability for actions performed by users while connected to these home ho... |
Examples of Autocrats who were loved by their people | **Check out this one AMAZING trick that made the Greeks LOVE their tyrants!**
Think of Ancient Greece. Are you thinking of temples and statues, of heroes and philosophers? Are you thinking of democracy?
Of course you are. The Greeks were the first people to introduce democratic government. But they didn't stop there!... | [
"Another important difference was that the charioteers themselves, the \"aurigae\", were considered to be the winners, although they were usually also slaves (as in the Greek world). They received a wreath of laurel leaves, and probably some money; if they won enough races they could buy their freedom. Drivers coul... |
when you read news articles about global warming such as "the hottest year on record in 80 years!", why was it so hot 80 years ago? | This year being really hot isn't necessarily indicative of global warming, an article with that title is being sensationalist. If the running average temperature over the last 10 years was getting continuously warmer, that would be a better indication of a trend.
Temperature is affected by a lot of different things so... | [
"In the United States, the mass media devoted little coverage to global warming until the drought of 1988, and James E. Hansen's testimony to the Senate, which explicitly attributed \"the abnormally hot weather plaguing our nation\" to global warming.\n",
"In 2007 the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrati... |
what exactly happens when an officer gives me a warning instead of a ticket? | > I was just curious as to what happens when he goes to his car and looks up my information?
He is checking to see if the registration is still current on your car, checking your drivers license to ensure it is still valid, and checking to see if there are any warrants out for your arrest.
> Does it get saved t... | [
"Depending upon the severity of the offense which the officer believes to have occurred, the officer may either arrest the suspect, by taking him or her to jail, or check for any outstanding warrants before issuing a citation also called a notice to appear or summons in some jurisdictions, which is essentially a tr... |
Is it true that Saint Patrick never drove snakes out of ireland but instead drove out African Twa Pygmies? | It's bullshit. There was no direct contact between sub-Saharan Africa and Europe until the 15th century, except by way of Jerusalem during the Crusades.
Some scholars have tried to place Coptic Christian missionaries from Egypt in early medieval Ireland, but this theory is no longer taken seriously.
In these cases, f... | [
"Legend attributes the absence of snakes in Ireland to Saint Patrick, who is said to have banished them from the island, chasing them into the sea after they assailed him during a 40-day fast he was undertaking on top of a hill. In reality, no species of snake ever inhabited Ireland, due to it losing its land-bridg... |
what is the difference between all types of soap. i.e. shampoo, hand wash. body wash, bar soap, dish soap, detergent etc... | Most modern liquid "soaps" are not technically soaps at all, which is to say they're not produced from mixing vegetable or animal fats with a strongly alkaline solution such as lye or potash. Instead they're a blend of (usually) petroleum-derived surfactants such as sodium lauryl sulfate with other chemicals to produc... | [
"A soap dish is a shallow, open container or platform where a bar of soap may be placed to dry after use. Soap dishes are usually located in or near a sink, shower, or bathtub. Most soap dishes are made from waterproof materials such as plastic, ceramic, metal, or glass, though some are made from bamboo. A china sa... |
Did Romans marry in the same sense that we do today? What were their pre-Christian marriage rituals like? | The Romans had both marriage and weddings that would be very familiar to you. From the engagement ring (iron, not gold) to the veil (red, not white), we have inherited a lot of our wedding traditions from the Romans.
(Everything I describe will only apply to the upper classes of Rome, and even then can vary depending ... | [
"Although in general the Romans regarded marriage as a male–female union for the purpose of producing children, a few scholars believe that in the early Imperial period some male couples were celebrating traditional marriage rites in the presence of friends. male–male weddings are reported by sources that mock them... |
Why did the planes that dropped the nuclear bombs during World War II have such weird names? | Crews were allowed to make up their own names for their plane and there was a painter who would come and paint images on the plane's side that were thematically appropriate. Enola Gay was the name of the mother of Paul Tibbets, the plane's pilot.
Bockscar was named after Captain Frederick C. Bock, the commander of th... | [
"Despite being a British weapon, Disneys were used only by the United States Army Air Force, with the bombs becoming a joint project between the American Eighth Air Force and the British Royal Navy; they were never used by RAF Bomber Command. The 92nd Bombardment Group was initially tasked with their use. The bombs... |
how/why do names become considered "old fashioned"? | I read that the usual trend in baby names is that first a new name is used by the rich. Then the middle class copy them because it's seen as a bit of an aspirational name, then the poor copy the middle class. Then the rich and middle class stop using it because it's become a poor people name. Then the poor stop using i... | [
"BULLET::::- \"Old-fashioned\" refers to any practice which is no longer customary, e.g. in the context of dress sense, hairstyle or wording, as opposed to \"(the) fashion\", which refers to anything which is at present customary. In popular music and the wider popular culture, the term \"old school\" (originally o... |
why do corporations have to defend their trademarks even if the allegation that a competitor is infringing is extremely weak. | If you don't enforce the trademark it can be argued that it's no longer distinctive enough to merit that status. So you have to enforce to avoid the risk of losing it. | [
"Various jurisdictions have laws which are designed to prevent trademark owners from making wrongful threats of trademark infringement action against other parties. These laws are intended to prevent large or powerful companies from intimidating or harassing smaller companies.\n",
"Competition law, known in the U... |
Why is my sense of touch regarding moisture wonky when it is cold/chilly? | This has to do with the way we feel temperature. We don't just feel if a thing is hot or cold, we can actually feel the rate that an object drains heat from us (the rate of heating and conductance).
For instance metal feels colder than a plastic at the same temperature or much hotter depending on the head differentia... | [
"Warm and cold receptors play a part in sensing innocuous environmental temperature. Temperatures likely to damage an organism are sensed by sub-categories of nociceptors that may respond to noxious cold, noxious heat or more than one noxious stimulus modality (i.e., they are polymodal). The nerve endings of sensor... |
if i use my credit card for all my monthly expenses and then pay my balance in full, why would my cc company value me as a customer if they don't make any interest off me and i just rack up free points? | Everytime you use your credit card, the merchant (store, person, whoever) has to pay a fee. Generally, it's around 1.5%. | [
"Many credit card companies will also, when applying payments to a card, do so, for the matter at hand, at the end of a billing cycle, and apply those payments to everything before cash advances. For this reason, many consumers have large cash balances, which have no grace period and incur interest at a rate that i... |
what is the ideology of the larouche movement? | Oof. That's a lot to bite off. I've got a bunch of family that's been all up in their business for ages, so I'll do my best.
Basically their central idea is that intellectuals should run the government, and we should just accept that they know what's best.
Economic themes are a huge part of their cult (er... politica... | [
"The LaRouche movement is a political and cultural network promoting the late Lyndon LaRouche and his ideas. It has included many organizations and companies around the world, which campaign, gather information and publish books and periodicals. The movement promotes a revival of classical art and a greater commitm... |
Why is sugar so rewarding? | [Not an evolutionary biologist/psychologist, and this is an evolutionary just-so story, but one which is pretty transparently true]
Sugar is a very dense concentration of calories. Energy was hard to come by in the ancestral environment, so we evolved to favour foods with more calories.
The person with a sweet tooth ... | [
"Sugar addiction has been examined in laboratory rats and it develops in the same way that drug addiction develops. Eating sugary foods causes the brain to release natural chemicals called opioids and dopamine in the limbic system. Tasty food can activate opioid receptors in the ventral tegmental area and thereby s... |
what someone should know about a getting and having a mortgage. | * Escrow - A bank account jointly held by two parties, that can only be accessed if both agree. It is kind of like a deposit. You use it show you are able to prepay taxes, insurance and other thrid party costs, without handing that money over to the lender.
* Interest - It is usually calculated on a monthly basis...i... | [
"A mortgage loan or, simply, mortgage () is used either by purchasers of real property to raise funds to buy real estate, or alternatively by existing property owners to raise funds for any purpose, while putting a lien on the property being mortgaged. The loan is \"secured\" on the borrower's property through a pr... |
how is 'explosive mail' detected but the person not harmed? | Plenty of ways to screen mail without opening it. Most high explosives are organic chemicals with nitrate groups, they can be detected by sniffer devices and dogs. Metal detectors and x-ray shows timers, wiring etc. There are other techniques like neutron activation that can tell the chemical type or the suspected exp... | [
"Letter bombs are usually designed to explode immediately on opening, with the intention of seriously injuring or killing the recipient (who may or may not be the person to whom the bomb was addressed). A related threat is mail containing unidentified powders or chemicals, as in the 2001 anthrax attacks.\n",
"Bom... |
Is it possible that there are areas of the universe we could be unaware of and unable to see due to light not being able to reach them? | It's not just possible, but certain. There has been only a finite amount of time since the Big Bang, and light could only have travelled a finite distance since then. The furthest distance we can see is called our particle horizon. Since the Universe looks the same in all directions, and we're pretty confident we're no... | [
"Distant regions of space are assumed to exist and to be part of reality as much as we are, even though we can never interact with them. The spatial region that we can affect and be affected by is the observable universe. The observable universe depends on the location of the observer. By traveling, an observer can... |
when a person loses memory, what exactly do they forget? | Human memory is a very complex system, and we actually don't fully understand it. Truth be told, we barely understand it at all.
However, there are different kinds of memories. Things like language, math and other learned skills are stored differently than memories like when you ate a hot dog last Memorial Day. Memori... | [
"Forgetting that occurs through physiological damage or dilapidation to the brain are referred to as organic causes of forgetting. These theories encompass the loss of information already retained in long-term memory or the inability to encode new information again. Examples include Alzheimer's, amnesia, dementia, ... |
Did any country in the Americas ever consider joining the USA? | Not the USA, but the CSA. The governor of Nuevo Leon and Coahuila, Santiago Vidaurri, asked the Confederacy to annex his northern Mexican state. He was incredibly powerful in northern Mexico, and likely could have also delivered Tamaulipas, Chihuahua and Durango as well. Northern Mexico was more connected economically ... | [
"In May 1824, President James Monroe granted United States recognition to this new Republic of Central America. The United States became the first nation to do so, and shortly thereafter Monroe received the Central American ambassador, Antonio José Cañas. Cañas's objectives were to gain protection from Mexico, and ... |
Why are there bumps when you bring a magnet near ferrofluid? What causes the bumps, and what determines the number and size of them? Why isn't it a sphere? | Really fascinating question - I've never really thought about it and once I did I didn't have an immediate answer.
I did some research and found the following on wikipedia:
Normal-field instability
When a paramagnetic fluid is subjected to a strong vertical magnetic field, the surface forms a regular pattern of peak... | [
"These forces arise due to dipole-dipole interactions (induced/permanent) between molecules of bilayers. As molecules come closer, this attractive force arises due to the ordering of these dipoles; like in the case of magnets that align and attract each other as they approach. This also implies that any surface wou... |
why you shouldn't put sharp knives in the dishwasher. | I think that this warning is more geared toward higher quality knives. Such knives generally have a high concentration of carbon steel, which has a greater tendency to rust. A dishwasher will leave water on such knives long enough for them to start forming rust spots. | [
"\"Biting\" sharpness is considered ideal for kitchen knives, but sharper blades are desired for shaving and surgical scalpels, which must cut without side-to-side slicing of the blade, and duller but tougher blades are more suitable for chiseling and chopping wood.\n",
"Different knives are sharpened differently... |
Do plant's roots steal from other plant's roots? | As a rule, no. Plant roots from different species do not interact in the soil. Sometimes roots from the same species (or rarely, closely related species) might grow together and start sharing sugars and maybe some hormones. This is called [inosculation](_URL_0_), and cab be relatively commonly seen in above-ground ti... | [
"The roots of the plant are reported to be useful in a variety of ailments such as aconite poisoning, brain diseases, fungal infection, piles and toothache as analgesic and astringent. A number of studies have been done on its phytochemical and pharmacological properties.\n",
"It is now a highly invasive plant in... |
Why did the early European colonisers never set up feudal systems in their new colonies? Why were there no Dukes or Counts in the New World? | In the Spanish America there was a feudal system, and there were titles of nobility. Hernán Cortés was created Marquess of the Valley of Oaxaca, lording over 20,000 vassals, the Moctezumas were given the lordship of Tacuba, Francisco Pizarro was granted a marquisal title too, Columbus was marquess of Jamaica, and these... | [
"During the modern colonial period, the European monarchies often rewarded services with extensive land grants in their empires. The forced recruitment of local laborers allowed by colonial law made these land grants particularly lucrative for their owners. These grants, \"fazendas\" (in Portuguese) or \"haciendas\... |
how is beef jerky safe to eat? | One of the cornerstones for life is water.
Without water there's very little oppertunity for life, which includes all the kinds that involve decomposition and rot, to take hold.
Adding in large amounts of salt will add to this effect as salt likes to bond with water very much and too much salt in water is toxic for m... | [
"In 2002, a United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) microbiologist stated that the product contained connective tissue and that he did not consider it to be ground beef and that it was \"not nutritionally equivalent\" to ground beef. Rick Jochum, a spokesperson for BPI, stated in 2012 that BPI's product does... |
when shipwreck drivers/archaeologists find new shipwrecks, are they allowed to keep any treasure found? | If they are found in international waters they are free to be taken if no one else has a claim to it wether it be a nation or a private/corporate intrest. When it is not the caseit depends on local laws and regulations | [
"In the 1960s and 70s the Mary Rose Committee collaborated with museum representatives, diving clubs and archaeologists to campaign for legal protection of shipwrecks as vital to the national historical heritage. The Merchant Shipping Act of 1894 stipulated that any wreck that was unclaimed and was salvaged had to ... |
how is it legal for businesses to offer discounts to women and not men solely because of their sex? | It is illegal in some states. In California car washes have ladies and men's days | [
"In bars, women try to induce men to buy expensive drinks along with sexual services. Sex usually takes place in a separate but attached building. Prices are mostly set by the bar owner and the money is shared between the owner and the prostitute. The prevalence of such practices has however diminished as a result ... |
why does the milk poured into coffee or tea not spoil if left out/not consumed over many hours, while a glass of milk or cream left out would go bad? | Milk has a complex carbohydrate called lactose (this is the same thing that lactose-intolerant people can't digest/breakdown). Some bacteria can't go through aerobic respiration, i.d. taking in oxygen and glucose to make energy for your cells. So these bacteria go through anaerobic respiration which involves fermentati... | [
"On occasion, the top of the bag can turn over while pouring, causing the milk to spill. Spillage can be avoided by cutting a secondary hole at the other side of the bag for air intake, by pinching the top of the bag while pouring, or by using a pitcher with a lid to keep the milk bag in place.\n",
"Another crite... |
why can we not achieve efficient and relativity low energy flight the same as birds through the design of a similar winged style flying machine? | Short answer is we do! We make gliders in a similar way to large marine birds but:
When you say birds wings are efficient they are for a bird is doing but aircraft wings are more efficient for what an aircraft is doing and per kg.
Look at an example of probably the best long distance most efficient birds going the Wa... | [
"Flight is more energetically expensive in larger birds, and many of the largest species fly by soaring and gliding (without flapping their wings) as much as possible. Many physiological adaptations have evolved that make flight more efficient.\n",
"The low power supplied by the engines available in the first yea... |
why do we have to sign things? what gives cursive handwriting more authority than just print? | You can tell a lot from a signature. A flick of the letters and the presentation can show what kind of person you are. It's somewhat similar to the Rorschach test where the image can reflect upon your personality.
Also, most people cannot read cursive writing so they stick to block letters for legibility. And most pe... | [
"Because \"the methodologies employed in the collection and categorisation of written signs is still controversial\", basic research questions are still being discussed, such as: \"do small, hand-made signs count as much as large, commercially made signs?\". The original technical scope of \"linguistic landscape\" ... |
if you are convicted of a crime and new evidence later surfaces in your favor, why are you allowed a new trial, while someone who was initially found not guilty can't be tried again if new evidence surfaces against them? | Because the justice system is more concerned with (and wants to avoid) punishing the innocent than it is with letting the guilty go free. | [
"In some cases, an appellant may successfully argue that the law under which the lower decision was rendered was unconstitutional or otherwise invalid, or may convince the higher court to order a new trial on the basis that evidence earlier sought was concealed or only recently discovered. In the case of new eviden... |
What is the origin of the misconception that Vikings had horns on their helmets? | Ok so, depictions of warriors with some sort of attachment on their helmets are pretty damn ubiquitous. Vikings and the fictitious horns are perhaps the most well known example.
However as has now entered popular consciousness, the Vikings did not actually attach horns to their helmets.
So where did this represent... | [
"BULLET::::- There is no evidence that Vikings wore horns on their helmets. In fact, the image of Vikings wearing horned helmets stems from the scenography of an 1876 production of the \"Der Ring des Nibelungen\" opera cycle by Richard Wagner.\n",
"From runestones and other illustrations, it is known that the Vik... |
equity, mortgages, owning, and selling a home. | Property usually increases in value, slowly, over time (a lot of mortgages are 15 or 30 years, that's the time period you're looking at). So you're paying your money to BUY an actual physical thing that will likely keep or increase its value over the years. It's like buying $250k worth of gold, it will likely keep or... | [
"Homeowners acquire equity in their home from two sources. They purchase equity with their down payment and the principal portion of any payments they make against their mortgage. They also benefit from a gain in equity when the value of the property increases. Investors typically look to purchase properties that w... |
how did chopsticks get their name if they don't do any actual chopping? | "Chop" in pidgin English used to mean "quick". In Chinese their term translates to "nimble one", and so "chopsticks" means "quick sticks". | [
"Chopsticks have been used in Japan since the Nara period (710-794). There are many traditions and unwritten rules surrounding the use of . For example, it is considered particularly taboo to pass food from chopsticks to chopsticks, as this is how bones are handled by the family of the deceased after a cremation. I... |
Does rain cause a cold front or is it the result of a cold front? | My understanding is that it is a symptom of a cold front meeting a warm front. If I had to classify it in a chicken or egg kind of way, I would say that the cold front comes first.
_URL_0_
_URL_1_ | [
"Fronts are the principal cause of significant weather. \"Convective precipitation\" (showers, thundershowers, and related unstable weather) is caused by air being lifted and condensing into clouds by the movement of the cold front or cold occlusion under a mass of warmer, moist air. If the temperature differences ... |
What do you think will be the first major vindication/discovery of the LHC in CERN?
| > Creation of a mini black hole?
No.
> Uncover a Higgs particle?
Maybe.
> Who decides what experiments are going to be done using the facility?
There are two experiments that they do proton-proton collisions and gold-gold collisions. When you say that two different scientists are doing two different experimen... | [
"The LHC's experimental work since restarting in 2015 has included probing the Higgs field and boson to a greater level of detail, and confirming whether or not less common predictions were correct. In particular, exploration since 2015 has provided strong evidence of the predicted direct decay into fermions such a... |
Can suns, planets, or other bodies escape the gravitational pull of a galaxy during a collision between two galaxies? | Definitely. When galaxies collide, they often produce [tidal tails](_URL_0_) of material that has been ejected into intergalactic space. These tails are composed of galaxy-stuff: stars, gas, and dust.
The planets are tightly gravitationally bound to the Sun, so whatever happens to it happens to them. There is nothing... | [
"BULLET::::- A collision or close encounter between stellar systems, including galaxies, may result in the disruption of both systems, with some of the stars being accelerated to high velocities, or even ejected. A large-scale example is the gravitational interaction between the Milky Way Galaxy and the Large Magel... |
In WW2, were staffing positions at concentration camps considered sought after or desirable for members of the German military? | Most scholars agree with Christopher Browning and Daniel Goldhagen that there were not significant punishments for those who refused to partisipate in the Holocaust. In short, they had a choice. Even local collaborators such as the Ukrainian Volksdeutsche guards at Sobibor, or the Lithuanian partisans who assisted the ... | [
"Although officers were not required to work, at Oflag XIII-B (Hammelburg) when the POWs asked to be able to work for more food, they were told the Geneva Convention forbid them from working. In some Oflags a limited number of non-commissioned soldiers working as orderlies were allowed to carry out the work needed ... |
What is the smallest amount of atoms it would take to form something barely visible to the naked eye? | The human eye is very sensitive but can we see a single photon? The answer is that the sensors in the retina can respond to a single photon. However, neural filters only allow a signal to pass to the brain to trigger a conscious response when at least about five to nine arrive within less than 100 ms. If we could co... | [
"Atomic dimensions are thousands of times smaller than the wavelengths of light (400–700 nm) so they cannot be viewed using an optical microscope. However, individual atoms can be observed using a scanning tunneling microscope. To visualize the minuteness of the atom, consider that a typical human hair is about 1 m... |
why are trailer tractors so boxy and non-aerodynamic? | EU tractors generally have their passenger cabins mounted on top of the engine instead of having the engine be in front of the cab. This makes the tractor look much boxier than American styles but it also makes them shorter. Being shorter is much more important in Europe because many cities have small roads with tight ... | [
"Heavy trucks, like long haul tractors, may also have a spoiler on the top of the cab in order to lessen drag caused from air resistance from the trailer it's towing, which may be taller than the cab and reduce the aerodynamics of the vehicle dramatically without the use of this spoiler. The trailers they pull can ... |
If a student is ill-prepared for a difficult memorization test, is it better to be awake all night and go over the material one more time or get a good night's sleep? | Sleep has been proven to help sort and remember information, so getting a good night's sleep is beneficial. Obviously, the student would have to know the information in the first place to perform well. Contrary to popular belief, knowledge osmosis does not occur when sleeping on an open text book.
article: _URL_0_ | [
"According to the article, \"Interrupted Sleep: College Students Sleeping with Technology\" by Elizabeth B. Dowdell and Brianne Q. Clayton, sleep-deprived college students performed significantly worse than peers who had adequate sleep on the cognitive task work and that the sleep-deprived students were not aware o... |
If I were floating 100 yards away from the Voyager 1 at its current location, would there be enough light for me to see it? | I think the answer is yes.
Consider your ability to see things at night with a full moon out--it's possible to read the big print on a newspaper and you can see objects around you quite clearly.
Now consider the Sun is about 400,000 times the brightness of the full moon here on Earth at one AU. Voyager 1 is now abou... | [
"The image was acquired at a distance of approximately 40.11 AU from Earth and approximately 32° above the ecliptic plane. Of the two Voyager spacecraft, \"Voyager 1\" was chosen to create the mosaic because its trajectory had taken it above the plane of the Solar System, and unlike \"Voyager 2\", was in a position... |
how can youtubers post videos of them singing popular songs without getting their videos taken down, but i can't upload a school video that has "eat it" (which was published in 1984)? | > I thought that the copyright laws protected people from singing songs from within the last 20 years?
That's patent law (which only applies to inventions, product designs and manufacturing processes).
Copyright typically lasts for the entirety of the author's life plus an additional 50-75 years depending on what j... | [
"Such videos can also be shown to afflicted children's classmates to set an expectation in their peers that they can speak. The classmates thereby learn the sound of the child's voice and, albeit through editing, have the opportunity to see the child conversing with the teacher.\n",
"There are two videos for this... |
what really happens when country a's leader calls country b's leader, where the language isn't the same? | Both leaders have trusted translators who are also on the line. It's a big teleconference.
Edit: It's actually an interpreter instead of a translator. I myself am a big stickler for using the correct term even if the vernacular might allow for others. Corrections accepted. | [
"BULLET::::- In countries where there are more than one main language, there are often political implications in decisions that are seen to promote one group of speakers over another, and this is often referred to as language politics. An example of a country with this type of language politics is Belgium.\n",
"I... |
Was Julius Caesar truly afraid of cats? | It is said that Caesar was afraid of cats and banished them from the Imperial Palace, which is funny because I am not to sure if there was one during his time. It is brought up a lot but it's just claims. There are no writings from the day about it. Caesar spent a lot of time in Egypt and cats are deeply rooted in thei... | [
"In Episode 6 it turns out that the cat used to be a human in ancient Egypt, and was condemned to get reincarnated as a cat for millennia because he had revealed the heliocentric theory to the Egyptians and explained the effects of solar and lunar eclipses to the people.\n",
"According to a myth in many cultures,... |
why, on an evolutionary perspective, are humans hyper-evolving? we've grown in height just in the past few thousand years, and have much less hair than predecessors. | Height can be attributed to improved nutrition, look at NK/SK. NK are much shorter than SK even though they were the same people up until very recently. The hair thing requires a citation. | [
"However, further examinations showed that, in these cases, the size of the brain was not to be equated with the evolution’s level. In fact, it is much more popular to connect the accomplishment of more and more complex movements directly with an evolutionary response, which caused the brain to grow.\n",
"Some st... |
electric force, electric field, coulomb’s law and gauss’s law | Physics is, in a broad sense, the study of what things in the universe *are*, how they *move*, and how they *interact*.
Charged objects generate a so-called "electric field" around themselves, similar in some ways to how a lightbulb gives off light. Other charged objects "see" that field from a distance, and know from... | [
"Coulomb's law states that the force on a charged particle due to the field from another particle is dependent on the magnitudes of the two charges as well as the distance between them. The further away the particle is, the weaker the force on it is. Positive charges exert attractive forces on negative charges (and... |
why do people with adhd/add not feel the "high" feeling that adderal and other amphetamine based medications give those without it? | I was diagnosed with ADD and amphetamines got me high as shit if I took them at recreational doses. However, 1) people diagnosed with ADD generally take fairly small doses of stimulants, and 2) low doses of stimulants serve to make anyone more industrious and focused, not just people diagnosed with ADD. I've always dou... | [
"Psychostimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, caffeine, and nicotine, produce improvements in physical and mental functioning, including increased energy and alertness. Stimulants tend to be most widely used by people suffering from ADHD, which can either be already diagnosed or yet undiagnosed... |
what is a state comptroller? | They're basically a chief accountant/financial officer for the state. They oversee things like state budgets, government spending, government contracts, and paying state employees. | [
"The Comptroller General of the United States is the director of the Government Accountability Office (GAO, formerly known as the General Accounting Office), a legislative branch agency established by Congress in 1921 to ensure the fiscal and managerial accountability of the federal government. The Budget and Accou... |
Why do many moons like Europa and our own have one side that permanently faces their planets? | [Tidal locking. ](_URL_0_)
In essence, the moons bulge where the planet's gravity tugs on them, making it slightly oval. As the moon rotates, these bulges move out of alignment.
At this point, bulge A (near the planet) and B (far from the planet)seek to move back into alignment, and exert torque on one another. But A... | [
"Several planets or dwarf planets in the Solar System (such as Neptune and Pluto) have orbital periods that are in resonance with each other or with smaller bodies (this is also common in satellite systems). All except Mercury and Venus have natural satellites, often called \"moons\". Earth has one, Mars has two, a... |
Did the Soviet Union have any sort of Internet presence before it fell apart? | Their was a famous 'kremvax' hoax in 1984, but apparently their was a real VAX system in moscow in 1991 _URL_0_ | [
"By the mid-1990s, computer networks (where TCP/IP was replacing UUCP) appeared in many branches of regular life and commerce in Post-Soviet states. The Internet became a popular means of communication for anyone in the world who spoke Russian. National so-called \"Nets\" of former Soviet Republics began to occur (... |
Since Hitler was technically Austrian, what steps did he have to undergo in order to enter German society as an immigrant? Did he do that correctly or would he be considered an illegal immigrant? | Without trying to diminish newer answers, /u/kielowskifans already explained this in [another thread](_URL_0_).
> Hitler's Austrian background was not that much of a problem for him as there was a sizable number of Germans in the 1920s and 30s that considered German-speaking Austrians to be ethnically German. | [
"Under the threat of criminal deportation home to Austria, Hitler formally renounced his Austrian citizenship on 7 April 1925, and did not acquire German citizenship until almost seven years later; therefore, he was unable to run for public office. Hitler gained German citizenship after being appointed a Free State... |
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