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pubmed23n0001_700 | Counterimmunoelectrophoresis of pneumococcal antigens:improved sensitivity for the detection of types VII and XIV. | Rapid identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae has been reported using counterimmunoelectrophoresis for the detection of specific capsular antigens in serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine. Previous clinical studies have failed to detect type VII or XIV pneumococcal antigen. These two types, however, account for a si... | Counterimmunoelectrophoresis of pneumococcal antigens:improved sensitivity for the detection of types VII and XIV. Rapid identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae has been reported using counterimmunoelectrophoresis for the detection of specific capsular antigens in serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine. Previous clin... | 1,417 |
pubmed23n0001_701 | Isolation of streptococcal nuclease B by batch adsorption. | A method has been developed for the preparation of streptococcal nuclease B by batch adsorpton to diethylaminoethyl-cellulose. The enzyme is homogeneous with respect to nuclease activity and is suitable for use as an antigen in measurement of anti-deoxyribonuclease B levels in sera. | Isolation of streptococcal nuclease B by batch adsorption. A method has been developed for the preparation of streptococcal nuclease B by batch adsorpton to diethylaminoethyl-cellulose. The enzyme is homogeneous with respect to nuclease activity and is suitable for use as an antigen in measurement of anti-deoxyribonucl... | 1,418 |
pubmed23n0001_702 | Rapid screening of Veillonella by ultraviolet fluorescence. | Among 51 strains of anaerobic gram-negative cocci belonging to the family Veillonellaceae, all strains of Veillonella (V. parvula and V. alcalescens) displayed red fluorescence under long-wave (366 nm) ultraviolet light, whereas no Acidaminococcus or Megasphaera demonstrated fluorescence. In contrast to Bacteroides mel... | Rapid screening of Veillonella by ultraviolet fluorescence. Among 51 strains of anaerobic gram-negative cocci belonging to the family Veillonellaceae, all strains of Veillonella (V. parvula and V. alcalescens) displayed red fluorescence under long-wave (366 nm) ultraviolet light, whereas no Acidaminococcus or Megasphae... | 1,419 |
pubmed23n0001_703 | Retention of mercurial preservatives in desiccated biological products. | A variety of bacterins, vaccines, and antisera retained greater than 90% of their original level of mercurial preservative after lyophilization, and this might influence certain uses of these products. | Retention of mercurial preservatives in desiccated biological products. A variety of bacterins, vaccines, and antisera retained greater than 90% of their original level of mercurial preservative after lyophilization, and this might influence certain uses of these products. | 1,420 |
pubmed23n0001_704 | Distribution and removal of added mercury in milk. | Distribution patterns of added mercury in raw whole milk after equilibration for 30 min and 2 h at 37 C showed a distribution among acid casein, whey proteins, fat globule membrane, and soluble fat globule membrane of 33, 28, 16, and 2%. On the basis of protein content, the fat globule membrane had the highest amount o... | Distribution and removal of added mercury in milk. Distribution patterns of added mercury in raw whole milk after equilibration for 30 min and 2 h at 37 C showed a distribution among acid casein, whey proteins, fat globule membrane, and soluble fat globule membrane of 33, 28, 16, and 2%. On the basis of protein content... | 1,421 |
pubmed23n0001_705 | Demonstration of a nonadrenergic inhibitory nervous system in the trachea of the guinea pig. | A nonadrenergic inhibitory nervous system has been demonstrated in the guinea pig trachea. Electrical field stimulation of this system, in the presence of adrenergic and cholinergic blockade, resulted in relaxation of tracheal rings contracted by the mediators of immediate hypersensitivity or histamine. The relaxation ... | Demonstration of a nonadrenergic inhibitory nervous system in the trachea of the guinea pig. A nonadrenergic inhibitory nervous system has been demonstrated in the guinea pig trachea. Electrical field stimulation of this system, in the presence of adrenergic and cholinergic blockade, resulted in relaxation of tracheal ... | 1,437 |
pubmed23n0001_706 | Non-specific alkaline phosphomonoesterases of eight species of digenetic trematodes. | Alkaline phosphatases from different trematodes occupying the same habitat have identical pH otima but different levels of enzyme activities. Isoparorchis hypselobagri, from the fish Wallago attu, shows four to six times more enzyme activity than Fasciolopsis buski, Gastrodiscoides hominis and Echinostoma malayanum, fr... | Non-specific alkaline phosphomonoesterases of eight species of digenetic trematodes. Alkaline phosphatases from different trematodes occupying the same habitat have identical pH otima but different levels of enzyme activities. Isoparorchis hypselobagri, from the fish Wallago attu, shows four to six times more enzyme ac... | 1,442 |
pubmed23n0001_707 | The effect of neonatal rat graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) on Fc receptor lymphocytes. | The level of Fc receptor rosette-forming lymphocytes (Fc-RFL) was examined in spleen and lymph node cell suspension from neonatal DA and BN rats inoculated within 24 hr of birth with either allogeneic L (experimental) or syngeneic (control) lymphoid cells. In addition, these levels were compared to fetal and neonatal ... | The effect of neonatal rat graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) on Fc receptor lymphocytes. The level of Fc receptor rosette-forming lymphocytes (Fc-RFL) was examined in spleen and lymph node cell suspension from neonatal DA and BN rats inoculated within 24 hr of birth with either allogeneic L (experimental) or syngeneic (con... | 1,444 |
pubmed23n0001_708 | Kinetics of the antibody response to type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III). I. Use of 125I-labeled SSS-III to study serum antibody levels, as well as the distribution and excretion of antigen after immunization. | A simple method was described for the preparation of 125I-labeled type III neumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III) with a high specific radioactivity which retained the physical and immunologic properties of native SSS-III. SSS-III was used to study the serum and tissue levels of antigen, as well as its excretion, after i... | Kinetics of the antibody response to type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III). I. Use of 125I-labeled SSS-III to study serum antibody levels, as well as the distribution and excretion of antigen after immunization. A simple method was described for the preparation of 125I-labeled type III neumococcal polysacchari... | 1,445 |
pubmed23n0001_709 | Kinetics of the antibody response to type III pneumococcal polysaccharide. II. Factors influencing the serum antibody levels after immunization with an optimally immunogenic dose of antigen. | When the number of PFC present in the spleen was measured at 24-hr intervals after immunizing with an optimally immunogenic dose of type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III), maximal numbers of PFC were attained 4 days after immunization; thereafter, the number of PFC decreased rapidly. By contrast, serum antibody... | Kinetics of the antibody response to type III pneumococcal polysaccharide. II. Factors influencing the serum antibody levels after immunization with an optimally immunogenic dose of antigen. When the number of PFC present in the spleen was measured at 24-hr intervals after immunizing with an optimally immunogenic dose ... | 1,446 |
pubmed23n0001_710 | Mouse epidermal aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase. | Mouse skin contains a NADPH-dependent, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH), which is inducible by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In general, unsubstituted polycyclic hydrocarbons caused a greater induction of epidermal AHH than substituted one (1,2,3,4-dibenzanthracene greater than 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene greater th... | Mouse epidermal aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase. Mouse skin contains a NADPH-dependent, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH), which is inducible by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In general, unsubstituted polycyclic hydrocarbons caused a greater induction of epidermal AHH than substituted one (1,2,3,4-dibenzanthracene gr... | 1,447 |
pubmed23n0001_711 | Defects in the biochemistry of collagen in diseases of connective tissue. | The collagens are the major structural glycoproteins of connective tissues. A unique primary structure and a multiplicity of post-translational modification reactions are required for normal fibrillogenesis. The post-translational modifications include hydroxylation of prolyl and lysyl residues, glycosylation, folding ... | Defects in the biochemistry of collagen in diseases of connective tissue. The collagens are the major structural glycoproteins of connective tissues. A unique primary structure and a multiplicity of post-translational modification reactions are required for normal fibrillogenesis. The post-translational modifications i... | 1,448 |
pubmed23n0001_712 | Some properties of proteolysis by polymorphonuclear leukocyte-granule extracts. | The extracts of granules of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes hydrolyzed a variety of proteins including human and bovine hemoglobin, human fibrinogen, human and bovine serum albumin, bovine elastin, and casein. The hydrolysis of all the proteins except fibrinogen and elastin was increased by addition of urea. Various... | Some properties of proteolysis by polymorphonuclear leukocyte-granule extracts. The extracts of granules of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes hydrolyzed a variety of proteins including human and bovine hemoglobin, human fibrinogen, human and bovine serum albumin, bovine elastin, and casein. The hydrolysis of all the p... | 1,449 |
pubmed23n0001_713 | Inhibition of the antibacterial activity of gentamicin by urine. | Urinary levels of antibiotics determine the outcome of treatment of most urinary tract infections. The antibacterial effect of gentamicin against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in urine was studied. With use of urinary constituents in concentrations normally found in human urine, it was shown that urine ha... | Inhibition of the antibacterial activity of gentamicin by urine. Urinary levels of antibiotics determine the outcome of treatment of most urinary tract infections. The antibacterial effect of gentamicin against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in urine was studied. With use of urinary constituents in concent... | 1,450 |
pubmed23n0001_714 | The polysaccharide capsule of Bacteroides fragilis subspecies fragilis: immunochemical and morphologic definition. | A large-molecular-weight capsular polysaccharide was isolated from strains of Bacteroides fragilis subspecies fragilis. By means of electron microscopy and staining with ruthenium red, the thick polysaccharide capsule was also visualized. With use of a radioactive antigen-binding assay, antibody to this capsular polysa... | The polysaccharide capsule of Bacteroides fragilis subspecies fragilis: immunochemical and morphologic definition. A large-molecular-weight capsular polysaccharide was isolated from strains of Bacteroides fragilis subspecies fragilis. By means of electron microscopy and staining with ruthenium red, the thick polysaccha... | 1,451 |
pubmed23n0001_715 | Radioassay for serum and red cell folate. | A simple, reliable assay for serum and red cell folate is described. It uses plain untreated liquid or powdered milk, requiring no special handling or purification, as binder. Such milk makes it possible to ignore endogenous serum folate binder, since crude (but not purified) milk contains a factor which releases folat... | Radioassay for serum and red cell folate. A simple, reliable assay for serum and red cell folate is described. It uses plain untreated liquid or powdered milk, requiring no special handling or purification, as binder. Such milk makes it possible to ignore endogenous serum folate binder, since crude (but not purified) m... | 1,452 |
pubmed23n0001_716 | The effect of environmental pH on glycosaminoglycan metabolism by normal human chondrocytes. | The synthesis and release of sulfated glycosaminoglycans by normal human chondrocytes in culture are markedly affected by environmental pH. The biosynthetic rate is increased threefold as the pH of the growth medium is raised from 7.0 to 8.0. This coincides with a corresponding elevation in total protein and cell growt... | The effect of environmental pH on glycosaminoglycan metabolism by normal human chondrocytes. The synthesis and release of sulfated glycosaminoglycans by normal human chondrocytes in culture are markedly affected by environmental pH. The biosynthetic rate is increased threefold as the pH of the growth medium is raised f... | 1,453 |
pubmed23n0001_717 | Effect of PGA1, PGE2, diazoxide on myocardial contractile force. | Experiments were conducted in anesthetized dogs comparing the effects of PGA1, PGE2, and diazoxide on myocardial contractile force (MC). The three agents were given in successive bolus injections intravenously in equidepressor doses and myocardial contractile force was measured by means of a strain-gauge arch sutured o... | Effect of PGA1, PGE2, diazoxide on myocardial contractile force. Experiments were conducted in anesthetized dogs comparing the effects of PGA1, PGE2, and diazoxide on myocardial contractile force (MC). The three agents were given in successive bolus injections intravenously in equidepressor doses and myocardial contrac... | 1,454 |
pubmed23n0001_718 | Peptide-binding macromolecules in the blood of seriously ill or mentally retarded patients. | This report describes macromolecules that bind (des-aspartic acid1)-angiotensin II, the des aspartic acid1 derivative of angiotensin I, and several biologically active and inactive analogues of these polypeptides. The macromolecules were found in the plasma of approximately 2 per cent of ambulatory adults and hospitali... | Peptide-binding macromolecules in the blood of seriously ill or mentally retarded patients. This report describes macromolecules that bind (des-aspartic acid1)-angiotensin II, the des aspartic acid1 derivative of angiotensin I, and several biologically active and inactive analogues of these polypeptides. The macromolec... | 1,455 |
pubmed23n0001_719 | The transmission of impulses in the ectodermal slow conduction system of the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica (Couch). | 1. The SS 1 fatigues in response to repetitive electrical stimulation. This fatigue is manifested by an increased conduction delay and a decreased SS 1 pulse amplitude. 2. Continued repetitive stimulation leads to the failure of the system. Recovery may take many seconds. Narrow strips of column fail more rapidly than ... | The transmission of impulses in the ectodermal slow conduction system of the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica (Couch). 1. The SS 1 fatigues in response to repetitive electrical stimulation. This fatigue is manifested by an increased conduction delay and a decreased SS 1 pulse amplitude. 2. Continued repetitive stimula... | 1,457 |
pubmed23n0001_720 | Colonial conduction systems in the Anthozoa: Octocorallia. | 1. The octocorals Alcyonium digitatum, Pennatula phosphorea and Virgularia mirabilis each have a through-conducting nerve net. The nerve net demonstrated electrophysiologically may well be the same as that previously shown by the use of histological techniques. 2. It exhibits both facilitation and defacilitation in the... | Colonial conduction systems in the Anthozoa: Octocorallia. 1. The octocorals Alcyonium digitatum, Pennatula phosphorea and Virgularia mirabilis each have a through-conducting nerve net. The nerve net demonstrated electrophysiologically may well be the same as that previously shown by the use of histological techniques.... | 1,458 |
pubmed23n0001_721 | Water regulation by a presumptive hormone contained in identified neurosecretory cell R15 of Aplysia. | Injection of an homogenate of identified neuron R15 into the hemocele of Aplysia produced a weight increase of 3-10% within 90 min. Control injections of several other identified neurons or of seawater, were ineffective. The weight increase occurred even when the animals were maintained in 5% hyperosmotic seawater. The... | Water regulation by a presumptive hormone contained in identified neurosecretory cell R15 of Aplysia. Injection of an homogenate of identified neuron R15 into the hemocele of Aplysia produced a weight increase of 3-10% within 90 min. Control injections of several other identified neurons or of seawater, were ineffectiv... | 1,459 |
pubmed23n0001_722 | Intracellular pH transients in squid giant axons caused by CO2, NH3, and metabolic inhibitors. | The intracellular pH (pHi) of squid giant axons has been measured using glass pH microelectrodes. Resting pHi in artificial seawater (ASW) (pH 7.6-7.8) at 23 degrees C was 7.32 +/- 0.02 (7.28 if corrected for liquid junction potential). Exposure of the axon to 5% CO2 at constant external pH caused a sharp decrease in p... | Intracellular pH transients in squid giant axons caused by CO2, NH3, and metabolic inhibitors. The intracellular pH (pHi) of squid giant axons has been measured using glass pH microelectrodes. Resting pHi in artificial seawater (ASW) (pH 7.6-7.8) at 23 degrees C was 7.32 +/- 0.02 (7.28 if corrected for liquid junction ... | 1,460 |
pubmed23n0001_723 | Analysis of an L-histidinol-utilizing mutant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. | Transductional analysis was applied to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutant PAO14 (hnc-1). This mutant can utilize L-histidinol as sole source of carbon and nitrogen and has a 60-fold increased histidinol dehydrogenase (HDH) content (Dhawale, Creaser & Loper, 1972). Transductional analysis was carried out using 18 his... | Analysis of an L-histidinol-utilizing mutant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Transductional analysis was applied to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutant PAO14 (hnc-1). This mutant can utilize L-histidinol as sole source of carbon and nitrogen and has a 60-fold increased histidinol dehydrogenase (HDH) content (Dhawale, Creaser ... | 1,461 |
pubmed23n0001_724 | Studies on the rumen flagellate Neocallimastix frontalis. | The vast increase in the population density of the rumen flagellate Neocallimastix frontalis shortly after the host animal has commenced eating is caused by stimulation of a reproductive body on a vegetative phase of the organism to differentiate and liberate the flagellates. The stimulant is a component of the host's ... | Studies on the rumen flagellate Neocallimastix frontalis. The vast increase in the population density of the rumen flagellate Neocallimastix frontalis shortly after the host animal has commenced eating is caused by stimulation of a reproductive body on a vegetative phase of the organism to differentiate and liberate th... | 1,462 |
pubmed23n0001_725 | Properties of some bacteriocins produced by Rhizobium trifolii. | Bacteriocins produced by six strains of Rhizobium trifolii were found to be of the relatively low molecular weight, non-phage type. The molecular weights ranged from approximately 1-8 X 105 to 2-0 X 105. All were of protein composition, as indicated by buoyant density (1-32 to 1-34 g/cm3) in CsC1 and by sensitivity to ... | Properties of some bacteriocins produced by Rhizobium trifolii. Bacteriocins produced by six strains of Rhizobium trifolii were found to be of the relatively low molecular weight, non-phage type. The molecular weights ranged from approximately 1-8 X 105 to 2-0 X 105. All were of protein composition, as indicated by buo... | 1,463 |
pubmed23n0001_726 | Production and purification of the gamma haemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus 'Smith 5R'. | The gamma haemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus 'Smith 5R' was produced on Dolman-Wilson agar overlain with cellophane. Maximal yields of crude lysin with titres of 2000 to 4000 haemolytic units/ml were obtained within 24 h at 37 degrees C in 10% (v/v) CO2 in air, on medium adjusted to pH 7-0. The crude lysin was purifie... | Production and purification of the gamma haemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus 'Smith 5R'. The gamma haemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus 'Smith 5R' was produced on Dolman-Wilson agar overlain with cellophane. Maximal yields of crude lysin with titres of 2000 to 4000 haemolytic units/ml were obtained within 24 h at 37 deg... | 1,465 |
pubmed23n0001_727 | Basic and neutral amino acid transport in Aspergillus nidulans. | Arginine and methionine transport by Aspergillus nidulans mycelium was investigated. A single uptake system is responsible for the transport of arginine, lysine and ornithine. Transport is energy-dependent and specific for these basic amino acids. The Km value for arginine is 1 X 10(-5) M, and Vmax is 2-8 nmol/mg dry w... | Basic and neutral amino acid transport in Aspergillus nidulans. Arginine and methionine transport by Aspergillus nidulans mycelium was investigated. A single uptake system is responsible for the transport of arginine, lysine and ornithine. Transport is energy-dependent and specific for these basic amino acids. The Km v... | 1,466 |
pubmed23n0001_728 | Polyamino acid induced aphid transmission of plant viruses. | Aphids transmitted poly-L-ornithine (PLO)-treated tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) when given acquistion and inoculation access periods as brief as 30 s and 2 min, respectively; the ability to transmit was lost within 90 min. Aphids without claws were able to transmit the virus. Transmission thus seems similar to that of non... | Polyamino acid induced aphid transmission of plant viruses. Aphids transmitted poly-L-ornithine (PLO)-treated tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) when given acquistion and inoculation access periods as brief as 30 s and 2 min, respectively; the ability to transmit was lost within 90 min. Aphids without claws were able to transm... | 1,467 |
pubmed23n0001_729 | Disruption of Vi bacteriophage III and localization of its deacetylase activity. | It has been shown that particles of Vi bacteriophage III catalyse deacetylation of O-acetyl pectic (polygalacturonic) acid, a structural analogue of Vi polysaccharide (Vi antigen). Using this substrate, and determining the acetic acid liberated by gas-liquid chromatogrphy, a method for the estimation of Vi phage deacet... | Disruption of Vi bacteriophage III and localization of its deacetylase activity. It has been shown that particles of Vi bacteriophage III catalyse deacetylation of O-acetyl pectic (polygalacturonic) acid, a structural analogue of Vi polysaccharide (Vi antigen). Using this substrate, and determining the acetic acid libe... | 1,468 |
pubmed23n0001_730 | A model to replace psychiatric hospitals. | A comprehensive system of community treatment in southwest Denver has reduced the need for adult psychiatric inpatient beds to less than 1/100,000 population. Six small, community-based therapeutic environments, crisis intervention, home treatment, social systems intervention, and rapid tranquilization comprise the ess... | A model to replace psychiatric hospitals. A comprehensive system of community treatment in southwest Denver has reduced the need for adult psychiatric inpatient beds to less than 1/100,000 population. Six small, community-based therapeutic environments, crisis intervention, home treatment, social systems intervention, ... | 1,469 |
pubmed23n0001_731 | Dynamic changes in regional CBF, intraventricular pressure, CSF pH and lactate levels during the acute phase of head injury. | The authors measured regional cerebral 133xenon (133Xe) blood flow (rCBF), intraventricular pressure (IVP), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pH and lactate, systemic arterial blood pressure (SAP), and arterial blood gases during the acute phase in 23 comatose patients with severe head injuries. The IVP was kept below 45 mm Hg... | Dynamic changes in regional CBF, intraventricular pressure, CSF pH and lactate levels during the acute phase of head injury. The authors measured regional cerebral 133xenon (133Xe) blood flow (rCBF), intraventricular pressure (IVP), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pH and lactate, systemic arterial blood pressure (SAP), and a... | 1,473 |
pubmed23n0001_732 | Nursing deans as leaders in collegiate health professions. | Deans of Nursing who choose to be administrators of the Health Sciences may very well enhance Nursing programs by facilitating the nursing faculty to become leaders through offering service courses in Health, may thereby help to cut the high cost of nursing education, and may make a contribution to other Health majors ... | Nursing deans as leaders in collegiate health professions. Deans of Nursing who choose to be administrators of the Health Sciences may very well enhance Nursing programs by facilitating the nursing faculty to become leaders through offering service courses in Health, may thereby help to cut the high cost of nursing edu... | 1,478 |
pubmed23n0001_733 | Studies of the effect of dietary cholesterol on hepatic protein synthesis, reduced glutathione levels and serine dehydratase activity in the rat. | A basal diet or a basal diet plus 1% of cholesterol and 0.33% cholic acid was fed to rats for varying lengths of time and (1) the activities of liver phosphoenolpyruvate-carboxykinase (PEP-CK), tyrosine transaminase (TT), and serine dehydratase (SD); (2) the rate of total hepatic protein synthesis and (3) the concentra... | Studies of the effect of dietary cholesterol on hepatic protein synthesis, reduced glutathione levels and serine dehydratase activity in the rat. A basal diet or a basal diet plus 1% of cholesterol and 0.33% cholic acid was fed to rats for varying lengths of time and (1) the activities of liver phosphoenolpyruvate-carb... | 1,480 |
pubmed23n0001_734 | Thiamine triphosphatase activity of myosin and accelerating effect of thiamine di- and tri-phosphates on superprecipitation of actomyosin. | TTP accelerated ATP-induced superprecipitation of actomyosin in as low a concentration as 30 muM and decreased light scattering by actomyosin. These effects could also be observed in the same way, but to a lesser degree, by addition to TDP. Myosin was able to hydrolyze TTP to TDP, but some important differences were co... | Thiamine triphosphatase activity of myosin and accelerating effect of thiamine di- and tri-phosphates on superprecipitation of actomyosin. TTP accelerated ATP-induced superprecipitation of actomyosin in as low a concentration as 30 muM and decreased light scattering by actomyosin. These effects could also be observed i... | 1,481 |
pubmed23n0001_735 | The meaning of the Leydig cell in relation to the etiology of cryptorchidism: An experimental electron-microscopic study. | In our electron-microscopic studies of testicular biopsies, both normal and cryptorchid, we found a simple atrophy of the Leydig cell in the cryptorchid testis. Based on experiments by Raynaud1,2 and Jean3 on pregnant mice, we tried to find the reason for changes in the Leydig cell relating to the etiology of cryptorch... | The meaning of the Leydig cell in relation to the etiology of cryptorchidism: An experimental electron-microscopic study. In our electron-microscopic studies of testicular biopsies, both normal and cryptorchid, we found a simple atrophy of the Leydig cell in the cryptorchid testis. Based on experiments by Raynaud1,2 an... | 1,483 |
pubmed23n0001_736 | The in vitro adsorption of drugs from horse serum onto carbon coated with an acrylic hydrogel. | In vitro studies have shown that uncoated carbon and carbon coated with an acrylic hydrogel are capable of adsorbing drugs from horse serum at 37 degrees. Increase in the coating weight from 2 to 4% decreased the rate of adsorption but not the total capacity. In vivo data supports the concept of carbon haemoperfusion f... | The in vitro adsorption of drugs from horse serum onto carbon coated with an acrylic hydrogel. In vitro studies have shown that uncoated carbon and carbon coated with an acrylic hydrogel are capable of adsorbing drugs from horse serum at 37 degrees. Increase in the coating weight from 2 to 4% decreased the rate of adso... | 1,486 |
pubmed23n0001_737 | The interaction of antihistamines with lecithin monolayers. | The interaction of a series of antihistamines with monolayers of L-alpha-dipalmitoyl lecithin has been examined. An increase in the monolayer surface pressure was noted for monolayers spread on the antihistamine solutions, suggesting penetration of the film by drug molecules. At high surface pressures there was an appa... | The interaction of antihistamines with lecithin monolayers. The interaction of a series of antihistamines with monolayers of L-alpha-dipalmitoyl lecithin has been examined. An increase in the monolayer surface pressure was noted for monolayers spread on the antihistamine solutions, suggesting penetration of the film by... | 1,487 |
pubmed23n0001_738 | Effect of surfactant monomers on chloramphenicol association to an albumin-lecithin complex: a model for modified drug absorption. | The binding of chloramphenicol to an albumin-lecithin complex in the presence or absence of premicellar concentrations of both ionic and non-ionic surfactants has been examined. Long chain, strong ionic detergents, such as sodium dodecyl sulphate or cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, severely perturb protein structure and... | Effect of surfactant monomers on chloramphenicol association to an albumin-lecithin complex: a model for modified drug absorption. The binding of chloramphenicol to an albumin-lecithin complex in the presence or absence of premicellar concentrations of both ionic and non-ionic surfactants has been examined. Long chain,... | 1,488 |
pubmed23n0001_739 | The effect of blending on the rheological properties of gelatin solutions and gels. | The effect of blending on rheological properties for an acid and alkaline processed gelatin has been investigated. Blending of weak gels (1-0-3-5% w/v at 25 degrees), resulted in a decrease in gel rigidity whereas in the stronger gels (5-50% w/v at 25 degrees) and solutions (18% and 30% w/v at 35 degrees), an increase ... | The effect of blending on the rheological properties of gelatin solutions and gels. The effect of blending on rheological properties for an acid and alkaline processed gelatin has been investigated. Blending of weak gels (1-0-3-5% w/v at 25 degrees), resulted in a decrease in gel rigidity whereas in the stronger gels (... | 1,489 |
pubmed23n0001_740 | Amphetamine tachyphylaxis in the pithed guinea-pig. | A single dose of (+)-amphetamine (8 mg kg-1, i.p.) administered 4 h before experimentation, reduced the pressor and positive chronotropic effects elicited by this drug (0-6 mg kg-1, i.v.) and augmented the rate of the development of tachyphylaxis to these responses in the pithed guinea-pig preparation. Amphetamine pret... | Amphetamine tachyphylaxis in the pithed guinea-pig. A single dose of (+)-amphetamine (8 mg kg-1, i.p.) administered 4 h before experimentation, reduced the pressor and positive chronotropic effects elicited by this drug (0-6 mg kg-1, i.v.) and augmented the rate of the development of tachyphylaxis to these responses in... | 1,490 |
pubmed23n0001_741 | Phenylbutazone-warfarin interaction in the dog. | The administration of phenylbutazone together with warfarin to dogs resulted in an elevation of the free fraction of warfarin in the plasma from 2-6 to 8-0% thus providing direct support for the notion that phenylbutazone induced inhibition of warfarin binding to plasma proteins. This inhibition as evaluated by a kinet... | Phenylbutazone-warfarin interaction in the dog. The administration of phenylbutazone together with warfarin to dogs resulted in an elevation of the free fraction of warfarin in the plasma from 2-6 to 8-0% thus providing direct support for the notion that phenylbutazone induced inhibition of warfarin binding to plasma p... | 1,491 |
pubmed23n0001_742 | The effect of pancuronium on myocardial contraction and catecholamine metabolism. | The effects of pancuronium bromide infusion on the uptake and release of [14C] noradrenaline (14C-NA) by the isolated, perfused rat heart and on the chronotropic and inotropic activity of the isolated heart were evaluated. Hearts were removed from animals under light ether anaesthesia, transferred to a modified Langend... | The effect of pancuronium on myocardial contraction and catecholamine metabolism. The effects of pancuronium bromide infusion on the uptake and release of [14C] noradrenaline (14C-NA) by the isolated, perfused rat heart and on the chronotropic and inotropic activity of the isolated heart were evaluated. Hearts were rem... | 1,492 |
pubmed23n0001_743 | Metabolism of delta1-tetrahydrocannabinol by the isolated perfused dog lung. Comparison with in vitro liver metabolism. | The metabolism of (-)-delta1-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta1-THC) has been studied in the isolated perfused dog lung. After intravascular administration of [3H]-delta1-THC there was an overall biotransformation of 12%. Two major metabolites were isolated and identified as 3'-hydroxy-delta1-THC and 4'-hydroxy-delta1-THC. 7... | Metabolism of delta1-tetrahydrocannabinol by the isolated perfused dog lung. Comparison with in vitro liver metabolism. The metabolism of (-)-delta1-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta1-THC) has been studied in the isolated perfused dog lung. After intravascular administration of [3H]-delta1-THC there was an overall biotransfo... | 1,493 |
pubmed23n0001_744 | Determination of low cencentrations of the quaternary ammonium compound thiazinamium methylsulphate in plasma and urine. | A sensitive and selective method for the quantitative determination of the quaternary ammonium antiacetylcholine-compound thiazinamium methylsulphate (Multergan) in plasma and urine is described. The procedure is based on ion pair extraction of the compound with iodide as the counter ion. This is followed by gas chroma... | Determination of low cencentrations of the quaternary ammonium compound thiazinamium methylsulphate in plasma and urine. A sensitive and selective method for the quantitative determination of the quaternary ammonium antiacetylcholine-compound thiazinamium methylsulphate (Multergan) in plasma and urine is described. The... | 1,494 |
pubmed23n0001_745 | Kinetics and mechanisms of drug action on microorganisms XXII: Effects of aminosidine with and without organism pretreatment with bacteriostatic agents. | Escherichia coli generation in the logarithmic growth phase was inhibited in peptone broth USP at pH 7.0 without kill below 3.0 mug/ml of aminosidine. Above this value, the logarithms of the number of viables of the drug-treated culture ultimately decreased linearly with time and the slopes of these plots were independ... | Kinetics and mechanisms of drug action on microorganisms XXII: Effects of aminosidine with and without organism pretreatment with bacteriostatic agents. Escherichia coli generation in the logarithmic growth phase was inhibited in peptone broth USP at pH 7.0 without kill below 3.0 mug/ml of aminosidine. Above this value... | 1,509 |
pubmed23n0001_746 | Elementary osmotic pump. | The elementary osmotic pump is a new delivery system for drugs or other active agents; it delivers the agent by an osmotic process at a controlled rate. Control resides in the: (a) water permeation characteristics of a semipermeable membrane surrounding the formulated agent, and (b) osmotic properties of the formulatio... | Elementary osmotic pump. The elementary osmotic pump is a new delivery system for drugs or other active agents; it delivers the agent by an osmotic process at a controlled rate. Control resides in the: (a) water permeation characteristics of a semipermeable membrane surrounding the formulated agent, and (b) osmotic pro... | 1,510 |
pubmed23n0001_747 | New and expedient determination of atenolol in biological samples. | A method is described for the GLC determination of atenolol BP in plasma and urine. Extraction is accomplished under dehydrating conditions, and interfering impurities are removed by using an acidified cyclohexane-isopropanol mixture (2:1) and charcoal-treated paper disks. The drug thus isolated appears to react more e... | New and expedient determination of atenolol in biological samples. A method is described for the GLC determination of atenolol BP in plasma and urine. Extraction is accomplished under dehydrating conditions, and interfering impurities are removed by using an acidified cyclohexane-isopropanol mixture (2:1) and charcoal-... | 1,511 |
pubmed23n0001_748 | Time course and dose dependence of antacid effect on urine pH. | Daily administration of a proprietary magnesium and aluminum hydroxides suspension, 15 ml four times a day, to normal adult volunteers resulted in a statistically significant increase in urine pH on the 1st day of treatment. The urine pH's on the 2nd and subsequent days of treatment were statistically significantly hig... | Time course and dose dependence of antacid effect on urine pH. Daily administration of a proprietary magnesium and aluminum hydroxides suspension, 15 ml four times a day, to normal adult volunteers resulted in a statistically significant increase in urine pH on the 1st day of treatment. The urine pH's on the 2nd and su... | 1,512 |
pubmed23n0001_749 | Quantitative analysis of tribromsalan in blood and urine. | Tribromsalan can be quantitatively measured in whole blood and urine by a technique involving extraction with ethyl acetate, treatment with silica gel, separation by TLC, and quantitative measurement by fluorescent spectrophotometry. This method has a sensitivity down to 125 ng (25 ppb in 5.0 ml of sample) of free trib... | Quantitative analysis of tribromsalan in blood and urine. Tribromsalan can be quantitatively measured in whole blood and urine by a technique involving extraction with ethyl acetate, treatment with silica gel, separation by TLC, and quantitative measurement by fluorescent spectrophotometry. This method has a sensitivit... | 1,513 |
pubmed23n0001_750 | pH-dependent secretion of procainamide into saliva. | The relationship between serum and stimulated, mixed saliva concentrations of procainamide was determined in 12 chronically medicated patients. Samples were obtained at times chosen to approximate the maximum and minimum serum concentrations of the drug during a dosing interval. Marked intersubject variability was foun... | pH-dependent secretion of procainamide into saliva. The relationship between serum and stimulated, mixed saliva concentrations of procainamide was determined in 12 chronically medicated patients. Samples were obtained at times chosen to approximate the maximum and minimum serum concentrations of the drug during a dosin... | 1,514 |
pubmed23n0001_751 | Sympathetic cardiovascular effects of experimental strychnine poisoning in dogs. | The cardiovascular effects of intravenously administered strychnine were studied in anesthetized and paralyzed dogs. Administration of strychnine in cumulative doses of up to 0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg caused significant pressor, as well as positive inotropic and chronotropic, effects on the heart which were abolished by adrener... | Sympathetic cardiovascular effects of experimental strychnine poisoning in dogs. The cardiovascular effects of intravenously administered strychnine were studied in anesthetized and paralyzed dogs. Administration of strychnine in cumulative doses of up to 0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg caused significant pressor, as well as positive... | 1,516 |
pubmed23n0001_752 | Evaluation of the permanent sympathectomy produced by the administration of guanethidine to adult rats. | The administration of guanethidine to adult rats has been shown by morphological criteria to destroy sympathetic neurons. The objective of this study was to evaluate by biochemical and functional criteria the degree and permanence of this sympathectomy. Young adult male rats (260-300 g) were injected with saline (contr... | Evaluation of the permanent sympathectomy produced by the administration of guanethidine to adult rats. The administration of guanethidine to adult rats has been shown by morphological criteria to destroy sympathetic neurons. The objective of this study was to evaluate by biochemical and functional criteria the degree ... | 1,517 |
pubmed23n0001_753 | Mechanism of action of quinidine on squid axon membranes. | The mechanism of action of quinidine on squid axons has been examined by means of voltage clamp and internal perfusion techniques. When applied either externally or internally, quinidine HCl suppresses both sodium and potassium conductance increases, the effect on the former accounting for the observed decrease in acti... | Mechanism of action of quinidine on squid axon membranes. The mechanism of action of quinidine on squid axons has been examined by means of voltage clamp and internal perfusion techniques. When applied either externally or internally, quinidine HCl suppresses both sodium and potassium conductance increases, the effect ... | 1,518 |
pubmed23n0001_754 | Barbiturates block calcium uptake by stimulated and potassium-depolarized rat sympathetic ganglia. | The effects of two barbiturates on calcium uptake by sympathetic ganglia have been examined. Sodium pentobarbital (0.4-0.75 mM) and sodium thiopental (0.3 mM) block the preganglionic stimulation-induced uptake of 45Ca by rat superior cervical ganglia but not action potential conduction in the presynaptic axons. The gan... | Barbiturates block calcium uptake by stimulated and potassium-depolarized rat sympathetic ganglia. The effects of two barbiturates on calcium uptake by sympathetic ganglia have been examined. Sodium pentobarbital (0.4-0.75 mM) and sodium thiopental (0.3 mM) block the preganglionic stimulation-induced uptake of 45Ca by ... | 1,519 |
pubmed23n0001_755 | Mechanism of action of pentagastrin and acetylcholine on the longitudinal muscle of the canine antrum. | 1. Electrical and mechanical activities of the longtitudinal muscle of the dog antrum were recorded with the double sucrose-gap technique. 2. The muscle exhibited spontaneous action potentials which consisted of a spike-like potential which, after a brief and partial repolarization, was followed by a negative-going, pl... | Mechanism of action of pentagastrin and acetylcholine on the longitudinal muscle of the canine antrum. 1. Electrical and mechanical activities of the longtitudinal muscle of the dog antrum were recorded with the double sucrose-gap technique. 2. The muscle exhibited spontaneous action potentials which consisted of a spi... | 1,520 |
pubmed23n0001_756 | An alkyl etherase in rat liver. | 1. Diethyl ether, which is known to be partly metabolized in vivo, has been found to show an O2 uptake with the rat liver microsomal membranes; a similar reaction is given with other short chain aliphatic ethers, isoproply and n-butyl ether. 2. The "etherase" reaction is optimal at pH 7.2-7.4 and is not accompanied by ... | An alkyl etherase in rat liver. 1. Diethyl ether, which is known to be partly metabolized in vivo, has been found to show an O2 uptake with the rat liver microsomal membranes; a similar reaction is given with other short chain aliphatic ethers, isoproply and n-butyl ether. 2. The "etherase" reaction is optimal at pH 7.... | 1,521 |
pubmed23n0001_757 | Micro-electrode measurement of the internal pH of crab muscle fibres. | The internal pH of crab muscle fibres was measured using recessed-tip pH-sensitive micro-electrodes. Immediately following electrode penetration the mean internal pH was 7-21 +/- 0-02 (S.E. of mean) and the mean membrane potential was -64-9 +/- 0-6 mV (S.E. of mean). If H+ ions were passively distributed across the fib... | Micro-electrode measurement of the internal pH of crab muscle fibres. The internal pH of crab muscle fibres was measured using recessed-tip pH-sensitive micro-electrodes. Immediately following electrode penetration the mean internal pH was 7-21 +/- 0-02 (S.E. of mean) and the mean membrane potential was -64-9 +/- 0-6 m... | 1,523 |
pubmed23n0001_758 | [Adrenergic and cholinergic control of oxytocin release evoked by vaginal, vagal and mammary stimulation in lactating rats (author's transl)]. | 1. The amounts of oxytocin released during Ferguson and vago-pituitary reflexes are estimated by measurements of intramammary pressure. For the milk-ejection reflex, the gain in weight of the young over a period of 30 minutes is taken as an indirect index of the release of oxytocin. 2. Antagonists of specific cholinoce... | [Adrenergic and cholinergic control of oxytocin release evoked by vaginal, vagal and mammary stimulation in lactating rats (author's transl)]. 1. The amounts of oxytocin released during Ferguson and vago-pituitary reflexes are estimated by measurements of intramammary pressure. For the milk-ejection reflex, the gain in... | 1,524 |
pubmed23n0001_759 | Proteins in the luminal fluid from the bovine oviduct. | Oviducal fluid was collected by cannulation from four cows and by irrigation from fifteen slaughtered cows. The proteins in the fluid were examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at pH 4-5 and pH 8-9, isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide, immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis, affinity chromatography and gel ... | Proteins in the luminal fluid from the bovine oviduct. Oviducal fluid was collected by cannulation from four cows and by irrigation from fifteen slaughtered cows. The proteins in the fluid were examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at pH 4-5 and pH 8-9, isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide, immunodiffusion, ... | 1,525 |
pubmed23n0001_760 | Boar seminal zinc-precipitable protein and the haemagglutinin. | About 30% of boar seminal plasma nitrogen is maximally precipitated at room temperature by 6 to 10 mM zinc in citrate solution at pH 8. A rise in the total nitrogen precipitated by 1 to 6 mM zinc is accompanied by a fall in the haemagglutinin titre of the supernatant fluid. At 6 mM zinc addition, 95% of the haemaggluti... | Boar seminal zinc-precipitable protein and the haemagglutinin. About 30% of boar seminal plasma nitrogen is maximally precipitated at room temperature by 6 to 10 mM zinc in citrate solution at pH 8. A rise in the total nitrogen precipitated by 1 to 6 mM zinc is accompanied by a fall in the haemagglutinin titre of the s... | 1,526 |
pubmed23n0001_761 | Effect of season on some characteristics of stallion semen. | Season had a pronounced effect upon seminal pH and refractometer 'protein', total carbohydrate, dry weight, total N2 and lactic acid in seminal plasma of first and second ejaculates. In addition, total seminal volume, spermatozoa per ml and per ejaculate, non-protein sulphhydryl and glycerylphosphorylcholine of second ... | Effect of season on some characteristics of stallion semen. Season had a pronounced effect upon seminal pH and refractometer 'protein', total carbohydrate, dry weight, total N2 and lactic acid in seminal plasma of first and second ejaculates. In addition, total seminal volume, spermatozoa per ml and per ejaculate, non-... | 1,527 |
pubmed23n0001_762 | Influence of ejaculation frequency of stallions on characteristics of semen and output of spermatozoa. | Approximately 1 week was required to stabilize the extragonadal sperm reserves in stallions ejaculated daily for 10 weeks. The true daily sperm output of a stallion was equal to the mean daily sperm output of seven ejaculates +/- 1-35 X 10(9) spermatozoa. Mean concentrations of spermatozoa/ml and number of spermatozoa/... | Influence of ejaculation frequency of stallions on characteristics of semen and output of spermatozoa. Approximately 1 week was required to stabilize the extragonadal sperm reserves in stallions ejaculated daily for 10 weeks. The true daily sperm output of a stallion was equal to the mean daily sperm output of seven ej... | 1,528 |
pubmed23n0001_763 | Transfer of gases and metabolites in the equine placenta: a comparison with other species. | Mares and fetuses with indwelling catheters in the umbilical and uterine vessels have been used to monitor transplacental blood gas tensions, pH, O2 affinities and the concentration of various metabolites in fetal and maternal blood during late gestation. Measurements of umbilical and uterine blood flows and arterio-ve... | Transfer of gases and metabolites in the equine placenta: a comparison with other species. Mares and fetuses with indwelling catheters in the umbilical and uterine vessels have been used to monitor transplacental blood gas tensions, pH, O2 affinities and the concentration of various metabolites in fetal and maternal bl... | 1,529 |
pubmed23n0001_764 | Androgens and oestrogens in normal and cryptorchid stallions. | Total androgens, testosterone and total oestrogens were measured in twenty-one intact, nine unilaterally cryptorchid, three bilaterally cryptorchid stallions and four geldings. Total oestrogens were significantly higher (P less than 0-005) and total androgens significantly lower (P less than 0-05) in the bilateral cryp... | Androgens and oestrogens in normal and cryptorchid stallions. Total androgens, testosterone and total oestrogens were measured in twenty-one intact, nine unilaterally cryptorchid, three bilaterally cryptorchid stallions and four geldings. Total oestrogens were significantly higher (P less than 0-005) and total androgen... | 1,530 |
pubmed23n0001_765 | Prognostic factors in polyarteritis. | The clinical course of 40 patients with polyarteritis was reviewed to determine prognostic factors and response to treatment. The first three months were the most critical to survival. Survivorship was 57 per cent at five years. Older age of onset, involvement of skeletal muscle and presence of peripheral neuropathy we... | Prognostic factors in polyarteritis. The clinical course of 40 patients with polyarteritis was reviewed to determine prognostic factors and response to treatment. The first three months were the most critical to survival. Survivorship was 57 per cent at five years. Older age of onset, involvement of skeletal muscle and... | 1,533 |
pubmed23n0001_766 | Importance of the aromatic ring in adrenergic amines. 2. Synthesis and adrenergic activity of some nonaromatic six- and eight-membered ring analogs of beta-phenylethanolamine. | The synthesis of beta-phenylethanolamine analogs in which the phenyl ring is replaced by cyclohexyl, cyclohexen-4-yl, cyclooctyl, cyclooctenyl, cycloocta-1,3-dien-2-yl, cycloocta-1,5-dienyl, and cyclooctatetraenyl was accompanied by conversion of the corresponding aldehydes to the cyanohydrins followed by reduction wit... | Importance of the aromatic ring in adrenergic amines. 2. Synthesis and adrenergic activity of some nonaromatic six- and eight-membered ring analogs of beta-phenylethanolamine. The synthesis of beta-phenylethanolamine analogs in which the phenyl ring is replaced by cyclohexyl, cyclohexen-4-yl, cyclooctyl, cyclooctenyl, ... | 1,534 |
pubmed23n0001_767 | Conformationally restricted analogs of histamine H1 receptor antagonists: trans and cis-1-benzyl-3-dimethylamino-6-phenylpiperidine. | The syntheses of trans- and cis-1-benzyl-3-dimethylamino-6-phenylpiperidine (1 and 2) are described. Compounds 1 and 2 were found to be inhibitors to histamine, acetylcholine, and barium chloride induced contractions of the isolated guinea pig ileum. Compounds 1 and 2 do not exhibit appreciable stereoselectivity in the... | Conformationally restricted analogs of histamine H1 receptor antagonists: trans and cis-1-benzyl-3-dimethylamino-6-phenylpiperidine. The syntheses of trans- and cis-1-benzyl-3-dimethylamino-6-phenylpiperidine (1 and 2) are described. Compounds 1 and 2 were found to be inhibitors to histamine, acetylcholine, and barium ... | 1,535 |
pubmed23n0001_768 | Synthesis and adrenoreceptor blocking action of aziridinium ions derived from phenoxybenzamine and dibenamine. | Crystalline perchlorate salts of aziridinium ions derived from phenoxybenzamine and dibenamine were prepared. Both aziridinium ions were tested on the rat vas deferens and found to possess alpha-adrenergic potencies which were nearly identical with those of the parent compounds. The hydrolysis rates of phenoxybenzamine... | Synthesis and adrenoreceptor blocking action of aziridinium ions derived from phenoxybenzamine and dibenamine. Crystalline perchlorate salts of aziridinium ions derived from phenoxybenzamine and dibenamine were prepared. Both aziridinium ions were tested on the rat vas deferens and found to possess alpha-adrenergic pot... | 1,536 |
pubmed23n0001_769 | Prebiotic peptide-formation in the solid state. II. Reaction of glycine with adenosine 5'-triphosphate and P1,P2-diadenosine-pyrophosphate. | When a solution containing gly-N-pa and imidazole is evaporated to dryness and then maintained at a temperature between 65 degrees C and 100 degrees C, high yields of AppA and obligoglycines are obtained. We believe that ImpA is formed first, and then activates the carboxyl group of glycine or gly-A-pA. If glycine, ATP... | Prebiotic peptide-formation in the solid state. II. Reaction of glycine with adenosine 5'-triphosphate and P1,P2-diadenosine-pyrophosphate. When a solution containing gly-N-pa and imidazole is evaporated to dryness and then maintained at a temperature between 65 degrees C and 100 degrees C, high yields of AppA and obli... | 1,538 |
pubmed23n0001_770 | Prebiotic peptide-formation in the solid state. III. Condensation reactions of glycine in solid state mixtures containing inorganic polyphosphates. | The reactions of glycine with inorganic polyphosphates in the solid state have been studied. The formation of peptides up to the decamer occurs at moderate temperatures(r.t.-100 degrees C) in the presence of imidazole and magnesium chloride. If adenosine 5' -monophosphate is added to the reaction mixture, 2'(3') -o-gly... | Prebiotic peptide-formation in the solid state. III. Condensation reactions of glycine in solid state mixtures containing inorganic polyphosphates. The reactions of glycine with inorganic polyphosphates in the solid state have been studied. The formation of peptides up to the decamer occurs at moderate temperatures(r.t... | 1,539 |
pubmed23n0001_771 | The prebiotic synthesis of deoxthymidine oligonucleotides. II. Comparison of condensing agents. | A reaction which oligomerizes nucleotides under possible prebiotic conditions has been characterized. Nucleoside monophosphate in the presence of cyanamide at acid pH condenses to form dithymideine pyrophosphate and phosphodiester bonded compounds. Imidazole compounds and activated precursors such as nucleoside triphos... | The prebiotic synthesis of deoxthymidine oligonucleotides. II. Comparison of condensing agents. A reaction which oligomerizes nucleotides under possible prebiotic conditions has been characterized. Nucleoside monophosphate in the presence of cyanamide at acid pH condenses to form dithymideine pyrophosphate and phosphod... | 1,540 |
pubmed23n0001_772 | Formation of nucleoside 5'-polyphosphates from nucleotides and trimetaphosphate. | When solutions of nucleoside 5'-phosphates and trimetaphosphate are dried out at room temperature, nucleoside 5'-polyphosphates are formed. The Mg++ ion shows a superior catalytic function in this reaction when compared with other divalent metal ions. Starting with nucleoside 5'-phosphates, Mg++ and trimetaphosphate, t... | Formation of nucleoside 5'-polyphosphates from nucleotides and trimetaphosphate. When solutions of nucleoside 5'-phosphates and trimetaphosphate are dried out at room temperature, nucleoside 5'-polyphosphates are formed. The Mg++ ion shows a superior catalytic function in this reaction when compared with other divalent... | 1,541 |
pubmed23n0001_773 | On the possible role of organic melanoidin polymers as matrices for prebiotic activity. | One of the major diagenetic pathways of organic matter in recent sediments involves the condensation of cellular constituents, particularly amino acids and sugars, into insoluble melanoidin-type polymers. These polymers consist mainly of humic and fulvic acids and make up the major part of the organic carbon reservoir ... | On the possible role of organic melanoidin polymers as matrices for prebiotic activity. One of the major diagenetic pathways of organic matter in recent sediments involves the condensation of cellular constituents, particularly amino acids and sugars, into insoluble melanoidin-type polymers. These polymers consist main... | 1,542 |
pubmed23n0001_774 | Hemoglobin function in the vertebrates: an evolutionary model. | Comparative data on quaternary structure, cooperativity, Bohr effect and regulation by organic phosphates are reviewed for vertebrate hemoglobins. A phylogeny of hemoglobin function in the vertebrates is deduced. It is proposed that from the monomeric hemoglobin of the common ancestor of vertebrates, a deoxy dimer, as ... | Hemoglobin function in the vertebrates: an evolutionary model. Comparative data on quaternary structure, cooperativity, Bohr effect and regulation by organic phosphates are reviewed for vertebrate hemoglobins. A phylogeny of hemoglobin function in the vertebrates is deduced. It is proposed that from the monomeric hemog... | 1,543 |
pubmed23n0001_775 | Aminoacyl transfer from an adenylate anhydride to polyribonucleotides. | Imidazole catalysis of phenylalanyl transfer from phenylalanine adenylate anhydride to the hydroxyl groups of homopolyribonucleotides was investigated as a chemical model of the biochemical aminoacylation of tRNA. Imidazole catalyzed transfer of phenylalanine to poly(U) increases from pH 6.5 to 7.7 and decreases above ... | Aminoacyl transfer from an adenylate anhydride to polyribonucleotides. Imidazole catalysis of phenylalanyl transfer from phenylalanine adenylate anhydride to the hydroxyl groups of homopolyribonucleotides was investigated as a chemical model of the biochemical aminoacylation of tRNA. Imidazole catalyzed transfer of phe... | 1,544 |
pubmed23n0001_776 | Hybrid-versus-parental strain reaction. I. Comparative mortality in allogenetic and parental strain male and female mice. | Lethally irradiated male and female hybrids, parental strains, and the third party strain A mice were inoculated with reciprocal hybrid marrow from donors of the same sex. A graft-versus-host reaction was produced against H-Y antigens of reciprocal hybrids. Although the late mortality in inbred strain males was general... | Hybrid-versus-parental strain reaction. I. Comparative mortality in allogenetic and parental strain male and female mice. Lethally irradiated male and female hybrids, parental strains, and the third party strain A mice were inoculated with reciprocal hybrid marrow from donors of the same sex. A graft-versus-host reacti... | 1,545 |
pubmed23n0001_777 | Graft versus leukemia. VI. Adoptive immunotherapy in combination with chemoradiotherapy for spontaneous leukemia-lymphoma in AKR mice. | A three-step treatment plan incorporating adoptive immunotherapy and chemoradiotherapy was used to treat AKR (H-2k) mice bearing spontaneous leukemia-lymphoma (SLL). 1) Leukemic mice were treated with chemoradiotherapy for immunosuppression and leukemia cytoreduction. 2) To introduce a graft-versus-leukemia reaction ag... | Graft versus leukemia. VI. Adoptive immunotherapy in combination with chemoradiotherapy for spontaneous leukemia-lymphoma in AKR mice. A three-step treatment plan incorporating adoptive immunotherapy and chemoradiotherapy was used to treat AKR (H-2k) mice bearing spontaneous leukemia-lymphoma (SLL). 1) Leukemic mice we... | 1,546 |
pubmed23n0001_778 | A study of tobacco carcinogenesis. XIII. Tumor-promoting subfractions of the weakly acidic fraction. | The weakly acidic fraction (WAF) of cigarette smoke particulate matter was fractioned by silica get chromatography. We assayed the various primary subfractions for potential tumor-promoting activity by measuring the incorporation of tritiated thymidine into mouse epidermal DNA as induced by these subfractions. Based on... | A study of tobacco carcinogenesis. XIII. Tumor-promoting subfractions of the weakly acidic fraction. The weakly acidic fraction (WAF) of cigarette smoke particulate matter was fractioned by silica get chromatography. We assayed the various primary subfractions for potential tumor-promoting activity by measuring the inc... | 1,547 |
pubmed23n0001_779 | Metabolic characteristics of cells infected with a herpesvirus of turkeys. | Chicken embryo fibroblasts infected with the nononcogenic herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) displayed an increased rate of glucose uptake, a pronounced alteration of the pH of the medium, and an increased production of lactic acid when compared to mock-infected cultures. Objective estimates of cytopathology (quantifiable ne... | Metabolic characteristics of cells infected with a herpesvirus of turkeys. Chicken embryo fibroblasts infected with the nononcogenic herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) displayed an increased rate of glucose uptake, a pronounced alteration of the pH of the medium, and an increased production of lactic acid when compared to mo... | 1,548 |
pubmed23n0001_780 | Control of mercury pollution. | When a 203Ng(NO3)2 solution was kept at 25 degrees C in glass or polypropylene containers, 50 and 80% of original radioactivity was adsorbed to the containers' walls after 1 and 4 days, respectively. However, no loss in radioactivity was observed if the solution was supplemented with HgCl as carrier (100 mug Hg2+/ml) a... | Control of mercury pollution. When a 203Ng(NO3)2 solution was kept at 25 degrees C in glass or polypropylene containers, 50 and 80% of original radioactivity was adsorbed to the containers' walls after 1 and 4 days, respectively. However, no loss in radioactivity was observed if the solution was supplemented with HgCl ... | 1,549 |
pubmed23n0001_781 | Enzymic deacetylation of carcinogenic arylacetamides by tissue microsomes of the dog and other species. | The relative ability of arylacetamide deacetylase enzyme systems of dog liver to carry out the deacetylation of the carcinogens, 4-acetylaminobiphenyl, 2-acetylaminofluorene, and 2-acetylaminaphthalene, was examined. The arylacetamides were incubated with unfortified dog liver microsomes, and enzyme activity (nmol aryl... | Enzymic deacetylation of carcinogenic arylacetamides by tissue microsomes of the dog and other species. The relative ability of arylacetamide deacetylase enzyme systems of dog liver to carry out the deacetylation of the carcinogens, 4-acetylaminobiphenyl, 2-acetylaminofluorene, and 2-acetylaminaphthalene, was examined.... | 1,550 |
pubmed23n0001_782 | Renal chromium accumulation and its relationship to chromium-induced nephrotoxicity. | This report is an attempt to study the renal handling of chromium under in vitro conditions and to relate this to the actions of the ion in the production of nephrotoxicity. Renal slice techniques were employed in these studies and were used to examine the effects of chromium on various renal transport processes. In ad... | Renal chromium accumulation and its relationship to chromium-induced nephrotoxicity. This report is an attempt to study the renal handling of chromium under in vitro conditions and to relate this to the actions of the ion in the production of nephrotoxicity. Renal slice techniques were employed in these studies and wer... | 1,551 |
pubmed23n0001_783 | Sodium bicarbonate administration during cardiac arrest. Effect on arterial pH PCO2, and osmolality. | Arterial pH, Pco2, and osmolality were determined serially during cardiac resuscitation in patients and in dogs, with and without administration of sodium bicarbonate. These studies demonstrate that (1) in the absence of preexisting acidosis, severe acidosis can be prevented by adequate ventilation alone; (2) sodium bi... | Sodium bicarbonate administration during cardiac arrest. Effect on arterial pH PCO2, and osmolality. Arterial pH, Pco2, and osmolality were determined serially during cardiac resuscitation in patients and in dogs, with and without administration of sodium bicarbonate. These studies demonstrate that (1) in the absence o... | 1,554 |
pubmed23n0001_784 | Sarcotubular anomalous rectification of frog sartorius muscle. | The membrane site responsible for anomalous rectification was determined in frog sartorius muscle fibers. The total current-voltage relation of glycerol-treated fibers which represents mainly the properties of the sarcolemma was linear for membrane potentials between about -90 and -50 mV. Thus moderate depolarization-i... | Sarcotubular anomalous rectification of frog sartorius muscle. The membrane site responsible for anomalous rectification was determined in frog sartorius muscle fibers. The total current-voltage relation of glycerol-treated fibers which represents mainly the properties of the sarcolemma was linear for membrane potentia... | 1,558 |
pubmed23n0001_785 | Properties of sarcolemmal delayed rectification in glycerol-treated fibers of frog sartorius muscle. | Total current-voltage relations were analyzed on nine glycerol-treated surface fibers of frog sartorius muscles in tetrodotoxin-containing isotonic normal Ringer solution. The results indicate that delayed rectification occurs in the sarcolemma on large depolarization and that delayed rectification is only partially in... | Properties of sarcolemmal delayed rectification in glycerol-treated fibers of frog sartorius muscle. Total current-voltage relations were analyzed on nine glycerol-treated surface fibers of frog sartorius muscles in tetrodotoxin-containing isotonic normal Ringer solution. The results indicate that delayed rectification... | 1,559 |
pubmed23n0001_786 | Sarcolemmal slow conductance increase of frog sartorius fibers during hyperpolarization. | The properties of the hyperpolarization-activated sarcolemmal slow conductance increase in frog sartorius muscle fibers have been investigated using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA) and propionate Ringer solution. More than 1 sec was required for maximum activation of the sarcolemmal slwo conductanc... | Sarcolemmal slow conductance increase of frog sartorius fibers during hyperpolarization. The properties of the hyperpolarization-activated sarcolemmal slow conductance increase in frog sartorius muscle fibers have been investigated using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA) and propionate Ringer solutio... | 1,560 |
pubmed23n0001_787 | Effects of antidepressant drugs on amygdaloid after-discharge in rats. | Effects of antidepressant drugs on the amygdaloid after-discharge induced by stimulating the amygdala in rats implanted with chronic electrodes, were investigated in correlation with anti-muricidal effects as well as neurotoxicity. Tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline, imipramine and nortriptyline markedly d... | Effects of antidepressant drugs on amygdaloid after-discharge in rats. Effects of antidepressant drugs on the amygdaloid after-discharge induced by stimulating the amygdala in rats implanted with chronic electrodes, were investigated in correlation with anti-muricidal effects as well as neurotoxicity. Tricyclic antidep... | 1,561 |
pubmed23n0001_788 | Effects of several beta-blockers on blood pressure in the rat. | Effects of practolol, alprenolol and pindolol on blood pressure in the rat were studied. Also effects of these three beta-blocking agents on blood pressure and heart rate in spinal rats during adrenaline infusion were studied and compared with those of propranolol. The beta-blocking agents produced a sustained pressor ... | Effects of several beta-blockers on blood pressure in the rat. Effects of practolol, alprenolol and pindolol on blood pressure in the rat were studied. Also effects of these three beta-blocking agents on blood pressure and heart rate in spinal rats during adrenaline infusion were studied and compared with those of prop... | 1,562 |
pubmed23n0001_789 | The clinical use of dopamine in the treatment of shock. | Dopamine is a direct-acting catecholamine with a short half-life that has many advantages in treating visceral hypoperfusion states such as shock and refractory heart failure. Unlike other inotropic drugs, dopamine directly dilates the mesenteric, renal, and cerebral vessels and redirects blood flow to essential viscer... | The clinical use of dopamine in the treatment of shock. Dopamine is a direct-acting catecholamine with a short half-life that has many advantages in treating visceral hypoperfusion states such as shock and refractory heart failure. Unlike other inotropic drugs, dopamine directly dilates the mesenteric, renal, and cereb... | 1,563 |
pubmed23n0001_790 | [Certain problems of treatment of ischemic heart disease]. | On the basis of extended personal experience and of the literature data, the authors give recommendations for differentiated rational drug therapy of different stages of ischaemic heart disease. The results of a study of comparative efficacy of 15 coronary-active drugs used in 709 patients with ischaemic heart disease ... | [Certain problems of treatment of ischemic heart disease]. On the basis of extended personal experience and of the literature data, the authors give recommendations for differentiated rational drug therapy of different stages of ischaemic heart disease. The results of a study of comparative efficacy of 15 coronary-acti... | 1,567 |
pubmed23n0001_791 | [Stimulators of beta-adrenergic structures in treatment of ischemic heart disease]. | The beneficial effect of stimulators of beta-adrenergic structures (Myophedrin on the haemodynamics and the inotropic function of the myocardium was demonstrated experimentally (in 12 rabbits) and clinically (in 53 patients with ischaemic heart disease). A positive effect of the treatment was noted in 45.5% of those pa... | [Stimulators of beta-adrenergic structures in treatment of ischemic heart disease]. The beneficial effect of stimulators of beta-adrenergic structures (Myophedrin on the haemodynamics and the inotropic function of the myocardium was demonstrated experimentally (in 12 rabbits) and clinically (in 53 patients with ischaem... | 1,568 |
pubmed23n0001_792 | [Nonachlasine--a new drug for treatment of ischemic heart disease]. | Data on the pharmacology of a new antianginal drug--Nonachlasine--are presented. Nonachlasine was found to increase the blood flow intensively and for long periods of time, increasing the oxygen reserve of the myocardium, thus increasing the cardiac output and the contractile function of the heart. The prevailing actio... | [Nonachlasine--a new drug for treatment of ischemic heart disease]. Data on the pharmacology of a new antianginal drug--Nonachlasine--are presented. Nonachlasine was found to increase the blood flow intensively and for long periods of time, increasing the oxygen reserve of the myocardium, thus increasing the cardiac ou... | 1,569 |
pubmed23n0001_793 | [Cordaron and nonachlasine in treatment of chronic coronary insufficiency]. | In a double blind study of the clinical effect of Cordaron conducted in 55 patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease a positive effect was obtained in 80.4% of the cases, an effect of placebo-in 24.3%. Cordaron was especially effective in patients with localized stenoses of the coronary arteries. Nonachlasine (an a... | [Cordaron and nonachlasine in treatment of chronic coronary insufficiency]. In a double blind study of the clinical effect of Cordaron conducted in 55 patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease a positive effect was obtained in 80.4% of the cases, an effect of placebo-in 24.3%. Cordaron was especially effective in p... | 1,570 |
pubmed23n0001_794 | [Effect of certain drugs, used in treatment of chronic coronary insufficiency, on adenosine metabolism]. | It has been demonstrated that the study of the activity of 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine-desaminase permits to interpret the metabolism of adenosine. Curanthil, Sustac and Intensain influence the adenosine metabolism favouring an elevation of its content. The therapeutic effect of Obsidan is not conditioned by the "ade... | [Effect of certain drugs, used in treatment of chronic coronary insufficiency, on adenosine metabolism]. It has been demonstrated that the study of the activity of 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine-desaminase permits to interpret the metabolism of adenosine. Curanthil, Sustac and Intensain influence the adenosine metabolis... | 1,571 |
pubmed23n0001_795 | Renal response to short-term hypocapnia in man. | This study examines the renal response to moderate hyperventilation in healthy man. Eight men hyperventilated for 26 hr (PaCO2 approximately 30 to 32 mm Hg) in normoxia (barometric pressure, PB approximately 740 mm Hg) and hypobaric hypoxia (PB approximately530 mm Hg). Anaerobic samples of arterial blood and urine were... | Renal response to short-term hypocapnia in man. This study examines the renal response to moderate hyperventilation in healthy man. Eight men hyperventilated for 26 hr (PaCO2 approximately 30 to 32 mm Hg) in normoxia (barometric pressure, PB approximately 740 mm Hg) and hypobaric hypoxia (PB approximately530 mm Hg). An... | 1,572 |
pubmed23n0001_796 | [The influence of isoglaucon on the hydrodynamics and haemodynamics of the eye (author's transl)]. | By animal experiments and clinically we could prove that isoglaucon instillation caused the decrease in IOP due to both increase in outflow and reduction of humor secretion; the IOP decrease and changes in hydrodynamics being manifested more markedly in the fellow-eye. As reoophthalmography demonstrated "Isoglaucon" pr... | [The influence of isoglaucon on the hydrodynamics and haemodynamics of the eye (author's transl)]. By animal experiments and clinically we could prove that isoglaucon instillation caused the decrease in IOP due to both increase in outflow and reduction of humor secretion; the IOP decrease and changes in hydrodynamics b... | 1,573 |
pubmed23n0001_797 | [The immediate effect of beta-isoket on the internal ocular pressure in patients with chronic simple glaucoma (author's transl)]. | In 27 patients with non-compensated or medically compensated chronic simple glaucoma, the I.O.P. was measured after the administration of two tablets of beta-isoket (which contain 5 mg isosorbiddinitrate and 40 mg bupranolol). In none of the 54 eyes was the I.O.P. higher after administration of the drug. On the contrar... | [The immediate effect of beta-isoket on the internal ocular pressure in patients with chronic simple glaucoma (author's transl)]. In 27 patients with non-compensated or medically compensated chronic simple glaucoma, the I.O.P. was measured after the administration of two tablets of beta-isoket (which contain 5 mg isoso... | 1,574 |
pubmed23n0001_798 | [Determination of IgM in serum after corneatransplantation (author's transl)]. | By measuring the serum IgM-level every fourth day after keratoplasty the primary immune response can be observed. The extent of the graft's reaction corresponds with the fluctuation of IgM. | [Determination of IgM in serum after corneatransplantation (author's transl)]. By measuring the serum IgM-level every fourth day after keratoplasty the primary immune response can be observed. The extent of the graft's reaction corresponds with the fluctuation of IgM. | 1,575 |
pubmed23n0001_799 | [Model of an ecological system closed as regards gas metabolism and with a periodically working autotrophic component. I. Conditions for stability of the atmospheric system]. | The paper describes a semi-closed ecological system consisting of a man and a photosynthetic autotrophic component. The conditions required to maintain the stability of the atmosphere in the system are described as applied to two alternating modes of the function of the autotrophic component. These conditions express e... | [Model of an ecological system closed as regards gas metabolism and with a periodically working autotrophic component. I. Conditions for stability of the atmospheric system]. The paper describes a semi-closed ecological system consisting of a man and a photosynthetic autotrophic component. The conditions required to ma... | 1,576 |
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