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where do the events in the story take place geographically	[ "Persia" ]	[ { "title": "Book of Esther", "text": "as \"the Scroll\" (Megillah), is a book in the third section (Ketuvim, \"Writings\") of the Jewish Tanakh (the Hebrew Bible) and in the Christian Old Testament. It is one of the five Scrolls (Megillot) in the Hebrew Bible. It relates the story of a Hebrew woman in Persi...	{ "title": "Book of Esther", "long_answer": "The Book of Esther, also known in Hebrew as \"the Scroll\" (Megillah), is a book in the third section (Ketuvim, \"Writings\") of the Jewish Tanakh (the Hebrew Bible) and in the Christian Old Testament. It is one of the five Scrolls (Megillot) in the Hebrew Bible. It relates the story of a Hebrew woman in Persia, born as Hadassah but known as Esther, who becomes queen of Persia and thwarts a genocide of her people. The story forms the core of the Jewish festival of Purim, during which it is read aloud twice: once in the evening and again the following morning. The books of Esther and Song of Songs are the only books in the Hebrew Bible that do not explicitly mention God.", "chunked_long_answer": "as \"the Scroll\" (Megillah), is a book in the third section (Ketuvim, \"Writings\") of the Jewish Tanakh (the Hebrew Bible) and in the Christian Old Testament. It is one of the five Scrolls (Megillot) in the Hebrew Bible. It relates the story of a Hebrew woman in Persia, born as Hadassah but known as Esther, who becomes queen of Persia and thwarts a genocide of her people. The story forms the core of the Jewish festival of Purim, during which it is read aloud twice: once in the evening and again the following morning. The books of Esther and Song", "short_answers": [ "Persia" ] }
how and why were serial novels a phenomenon in the nineteenth century	[ "improved economics of distribution", "technological advances in printing", "the rise of literacy" ]	[ { "title": "Serial (literature)", "text": "Serialized fiction surged in popularity during Britain's Victorian era, due to a combination of the rise of literacy, technological advances in printing, and improved economics of distribution. Most Victorian novels first appeared as installments in monthly or wee...	{ "title": "Serial (literature)", "long_answer": "Serialized fiction surged in popularity during Britain's Victorian era, due to a combination of the rise of literacy, technological advances in printing, and improved economics of distribution. Most Victorian novels first appeared as installments in monthly or weekly periodicals. The wild success of Charles Dickens's The Pickwick Papers, first published in 1836, is widely considered to have established the viability and appeal of the serialized format within periodical literature. During that era, the line between \"quality\" and \"commercial\" literature was not distinct. Other famous writers who wrote serial literature for popular magazines were Wilkie Collins, inventor of the detective novel withThe Moonstone and Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, who created the Sherlock Holmes stories originally for serialization in The Strand magazine.", "chunked_long_answer": "Serialized fiction surged in popularity during Britain's Victorian era, due to a combination of the rise of literacy, technological advances in printing, and improved economics of distribution. Most Victorian novels first appeared as installments in monthly or weekly periodicals. The wild success of Charles Dickens's The Pickwick Papers, first published in 1836, is widely considered to have established the viability and appeal of the serialized format within periodical literature. During that era, the line between \"quality\" and \"commercial\" literature was not distinct. Other famous writers who wrote serial literature for popular magazines were Wilkie Collins, inventor of the detective novel", "short_answers": [ "improved economics of distribution", "technological advances in printing", "the rise of literacy" ] }
how many countries touches the land boundary of india	[ "seven" ]	[ { "title": "Borders of India", "text": "==Land borders of India==there are only seven land borders of india with neighbouring countries.india doesn't make land border with srilanka.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { ...	{ "title": "Borders of India", "long_answer": "==Land borders of India==there are only seven land borders of india with neighbouring countries.india doesn't make land border with srilanka.", "chunked_long_answer": "==Land borders of India==there are only seven land borders of india with neighbouring countries.india doesn't make land border with srilanka.", "short_answers": [ "seven" ] }
when did the steel mills closed in youngstown ohio	[ "September 19, 1977" ]	[ { "title": "Economy of Youngstown, Ohio", "text": "Youngstown's economy has been impacted by a loss of the steel industry jobs which started on September 19, 1977, on what became known to locals as \"Black Monday\", and continued into the mid-1980s. While the loss of steel industry jobs in the region coinc...	{ "title": "Economy of Youngstown, Ohio", "long_answer": "Youngstown's economy has been impacted by a loss of the steel industry jobs which started on September 19, 1977, on what became known to locals as \"Black Monday\", and continued into the mid-1980s. While the loss of steel industry jobs in the region coincided with the general deindustrialization of Rust Belt cities such as Youngstown as well as the United States as a whole, Youngstown's economic struggles have been well documented. In the Mahoning Valley region, where Youngstown is located, the city's population was halved, while non-industrial businesses were forced to close or relocate due to cascading effects resulting from Youngstown's deindustrialization.", "chunked_long_answer": "Youngstown's economy has been impacted by a loss of the steel industry jobs which started on September 19, 1977, on what became known to locals as \"Black Monday\", and continued into the mid-1980s. While the loss of steel industry jobs in the region coincided with the general deindustrialization of Rust Belt cities such as Youngstown as well as the United States as a whole, Youngstown's economic struggles have been well documented. In the Mahoning Valley region, where Youngstown is located, the city's population was halved, while non-industrial businesses were forced to close or relocate due to cascading effects resulting from", "short_answers": [ "September 19, 1977" ] }
who owns and operates the panama canal today	[ "Panama Canal Authority", "Panamanian government", "Panama" ]	[ { "title": "Panama Canal", "text": "Colombia, France, and later the United States controlled the territory surrounding the canal during construction. The U.S. continued to control the canal and surrounding Panama Canal Zone until the 1977 Torrijos–Carter Treaties provided for handover to Panama. After a per...	{ "title": "Panama Canal", "long_answer": "Colombia, France, and later the United States controlled the territory surrounding the canal during construction. The U.S. continued to control the canal and surrounding Panama Canal Zone until the 1977 Torrijos–Carter Treaties provided for handover to Panama. After a period of joint American–Panamanian control, in 1999 the canal was taken over by the Panamanian government and is now managed and operated by the government-owned Panama Canal Authority.", "chunked_long_answer": "Colombia, France, and later the United States controlled the territory surrounding the canal during construction. The U.S. continued to control the canal and surrounding Panama Canal Zone until the 1977 Torrijos–Carter Treaties provided for handover to Panama. After a period of joint American–Panamanian control, in 1999 the canal was taken over by the Panamanian government and is now managed and operated by the government-owned Panama Canal Authority.", "short_answers": [ "Panama", "Panama Canal Authority", "Panamanian government" ] }
where is a simple gear train used in real life	[ "Automobile drivetrains" ]	[ { "title": "Gear train", "text": "Automobile drivetrains generally have two or more major areas where gearing is used. Gearing is employed in the transmission, which contains a number of different sets of gears that can be changed to allow a wide range of vehicle speeds, and also in the differential, which...	{ "title": "Gear train", "long_answer": "Automobile drivetrains generally have two or more major areas where gearing is used. Gearing is employed in the transmission, which contains a number of different sets of gears that can be changed to allow a wide range of vehicle speeds, and also in the differential, which contains the final drive to provide further speed reduction at the wheels. In addition, the differential contains further gearing that splits torque equally between the two wheels while permitting them to have different speeds when travelling in a curved path. The transmission and final drive might be separate and connected by a driveshaft, or they might be combined into one unit called a transaxle. The gear ratios in transmission and final drive are important because different gear ratios will change the characteristics of a vehicle's performance.", "chunked_long_answer": "Automobile drivetrains generally have two or more major areas where gearing is used. Gearing is employed in the transmission, which contains a number of different sets of gears that can be changed to allow a wide range of vehicle speeds, and also in the differential, which contains the final drive to provide further speed reduction at the wheels. In addition, the differential contains further gearing that splits torque equally between the two wheels while permitting them to have different speeds when travelling in a curved path. The transmission and final drive might be separate and connected by a driveshaft, or", "short_answers": [ "Automobile drivetrains" ] }
who plays the dad in malcom in the middle	[ "Bryan Cranston" ]	[ { "title": "Malcolm in the Middle", "text": "Muniz in the lead role of Malcolm, a somewhat normal boy who tests at genius level. While he enjoys his intelligence, he despises having to take classes for gifted children, who are mocked by the other students who call them \"Krelboynes\". Jane Kaczmarek is Malc...	{ "title": "Malcolm in the Middle", "long_answer": "The series follows a family of six, and later seven, and stars Frankie Muniz in the lead role of Malcolm, a somewhat normal boy who tests at genius level. While he enjoys his intelligence, he despises having to take classes for gifted children, who are mocked by the other students who call them \"Krelboynes\". Jane Kaczmarek is Malcolm's overbearing, authoritarian mother, Lois, and Bryan Cranston plays his immature but loving father, Hal. Christopher Kennedy Masterson plays eldest brother Francis, a former rebel who, in earlier episodes, was in military school, but eventually marries and settles into a steady job. Justin Berfield is Malcolm's dimwitted older brother Reese, a cruel bully who tortures Malcolm at home, even while he defends him at school. Younger brother Dewey, bitter about his ruined childhood, smart, and musically talented, is portrayed by Erik Per Sullivan. At first, the show's focus was on Malcolm, but as the series progressed, it began to explore all six members of the family. A fifth son, Jamie, was introduced as a baby at the end of Season 4.", "chunked_long_answer": "Muniz in the lead role of Malcolm, a somewhat normal boy who tests at genius level. While he enjoys his intelligence, he despises having to take classes for gifted children, who are mocked by the other students who call them \"Krelboynes\". Jane Kaczmarek is Malcolm's overbearing, authoritarian mother, Lois, and Bryan Cranston plays his immature but loving father, Hal. Christopher Kennedy Masterson plays eldest brother Francis, a former rebel who, in earlier episodes, was in military school, but eventually marries and settles into a steady job. Justin Berfield is Malcolm's dimwitted older brother Reese, a cruel bully who tortures Malcolm", "short_answers": [ "Bryan Cranston" ] }
who has won the most world series in baseball	[ "the New York Yankees", "New York Yankees" ]	[ { "title": "World Series", "text": "In the American League, the New York Yankees have played in 40 World Series and won 27, the Philadelphia/Kansas City/Oakland Athletics have played in 14 and won 9, and the Boston Red Sox have played in 12 and won 8, including the first World Series. In the National Leagu...	{ "title": "World Series", "long_answer": "In the American League, the New York Yankees have played in 40 World Series and won 27, the Philadelphia/Kansas City/Oakland Athletics have played in 14 and won 9, and the Boston Red Sox have played in 12 and won 8, including the first World Series. In the National League, the St. Louis Cardinals have appeared in 19 and won 11, the New York/San Francisco Giants have played in 20 and won 8, the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers have appeared in 19 and won 6, and the Cincinnati Reds have appeared in 9 and won 5.", "chunked_long_answer": "In the American League, the New York Yankees have played in 40 World Series and won 27, the Philadelphia/Kansas City/Oakland Athletics have played in 14 and won 9, and the Boston Red Sox have played in 12 and won 8, including the first World Series. In the National League, the St. Louis Cardinals have appeared in 19 and won 11, the New York/San Francisco Giants have played in 20 and won 8, the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers have appeared in 19 and won 6, and the Cincinnati Reds have appeared in 9 and won 5.", "short_answers": [ "New York Yankees", "the New York Yankees" ] }
who made the song falling in love with you	[ "Hugo Peretti", "George David Weiss", "Elvis Presley", "Luigi Creatore" ]	[ { "title": "Can't Help Falling in Love", "text": "\"Can't Help Falling in Love\" is a pop ballad originally recorded by American singer Elvis Presley and published by Gladys Music, Presley's publishing company. It was written by Hugo Peretti, Luigi Creatore, and George David Weiss. The melody is based on \...	{ "title": "Can't Help Falling in Love", "long_answer": "\"Can't Help Falling in Love\" is a pop ballad originally recorded by American singer Elvis Presley and published by Gladys Music, Presley's publishing company. It was written by Hugo Peretti, Luigi Creatore, and George David Weiss. The melody is based on \"Plaisir d'amour\", a popular romance by Jean-Paul-Égide Martini (1784). The song was featured in Presley's 1961 film, Blue Hawaii. During the following four decades, it was recorded by numerous other artists, including Tom Smothers, Swedish pop group A-Teens, and the British reggae group UB40, whose 1993 version topped the U.S. and UK charts.", "chunked_long_answer": "\"Can't Help Falling in Love\" is a pop ballad originally recorded by American singer Elvis Presley and published by Gladys Music, Presley's publishing company. It was written by Hugo Peretti, Luigi Creatore, and George David Weiss. The melody is based on \"Plaisir d'amour\", a popular romance by Jean-Paul-Égide Martini (1784). The song was featured in Presley's 1961 film, Blue Hawaii. During the following four decades, it was recorded by numerous other artists, including Tom Smothers, Swedish pop group A-Teens, and the British reggae group UB40, whose 1993 version topped the U.S. and UK charts.", "short_answers": [ "Elvis Presley", "George David Weiss", "Hugo Peretti", "Luigi Creatore" ] }
where did saudi crown prince go to college	[ "King Saud University" ]	[ { "title": "Mohammad bin Salman", "text": "Prince Mohammad bin Salman is the eldest among his mother's children; his full siblings include Turki bin Salman, former chairman of the Saudi Research and Marketing Group, and Khalid bin Salman. Prince Mohammad holds a bachelor's degree in law from King Saud Unive...	{ "title": "Mohammad bin Salman", "long_answer": "Prince Mohammad bin Salman is the eldest among his mother's children; his full siblings include Turki bin Salman, former chairman of the Saudi Research and Marketing Group, and Khalid bin Salman. Prince Mohammad holds a bachelor's degree in law from King Saud University.", "chunked_long_answer": "Prince Mohammad bin Salman is the eldest among his mother's children; his full siblings include Turki bin Salman, former chairman of the Saudi Research and Marketing Group, and Khalid bin Salman. Prince Mohammad holds a bachelor's degree in law from King Saud University.", "short_answers": [ "King Saud University" ] }
who did the singing in into the woods	[ "the cast", "the cast members" ]	[ { "title": "Into the Woods (film)", "text": "As noted above, the majority of the songs were pre-recorded by the cast. Music producer Mike Higham, who had previously worked with Sondheim on Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street, recorded the film's score with the London Symphony Orchestra and Londo...	{ "title": "Into the Woods (film)", "long_answer": "As noted above, the majority of the songs were pre-recorded by the cast. Music producer Mike Higham, who had previously worked with Sondheim on Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street, recorded the film's score with the London Symphony Orchestra and London Philharmonic. Music supervisor and conductor Paul Gemignani instructed the actors on how to sing, including singing live to a camera on set, to prerecorded music in studio, and with a live studio orchestra. Jonathan Tunick orchestrated Sondheim's original music. The key to the song, \"Hello, Little Girl,\" was altered to better suit Johnny Depp's lower vocal range. In regards to the song's musical arrangement, Higham explained, \"we emphasized the woodwinds to make it feel a little lighter, especially the flutes. And we just made it a little jazzier — played more on the walking bass line. Inherently, when it has a jazz feel, it just feels lighter.\" The film's soundtrack was released by Walt Disney Records on December 15, 2014.", "chunked_long_answer": "As noted above, the majority of the songs were pre-recorded by the cast. Music producer Mike Higham, who had previously worked with Sondheim on Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street, recorded the film's score with the London Symphony Orchestra and London Philharmonic. Music supervisor and conductor Paul Gemignani instructed the actors on how to sing, including singing live to a camera on set, to prerecorded music in studio, and with a live studio orchestra. Jonathan Tunick orchestrated Sondheim's original music. The key to the song, \"Hello, Little Girl,\" was altered to better suit Johnny Depp's lower vocal range.", "short_answers": [ "the cast" ] }
who was the viceroy when the simon commission visited india	[ "Lord Irwin" ]	[ { "title": "Simon Commission", "text": "However, opinion was divided, with support for co-operation coming from some members of the Muslim League and also both Hindus and members of the Central Sikh League. An All-India Committee for Cooperation with the Simon Commission was established by the Council of In...	{ "title": "Simon Commission", "long_answer": "However, opinion was divided, with support for co-operation coming from some members of the Muslim League and also both Hindus and members of the Central Sikh League. An All-India Committee for Cooperation with the Simon Commission was established by the Council of India and by selection of the Viceroy, Lord Irwin. The members of the committee were: C. Sankaran Nair (Chairman), Arthur Froom, Nawab Ali Khan, Shivdev Singh Uberoi, Zulfiqar Ali Khan, Hari Singh Gour, Abdullah Al-Mamun Suhrawardy, Kikabhai Premchand and M. C. Rajah. In Burma (Myanmar), which was included in the terms of reference of the Simon Commission, there was strong suspicion either that Burma's unpopular union with India would continue, or that the constitution recommended for Burma by the Commission would be less generous than that chosen for India; these suspicions resulted in tension and violence in Burma leading to the rebellion of Saya San.", "chunked_long_answer": "However, opinion was divided, with support for co-operation coming from some members of the Muslim League and also both Hindus and members of the Central Sikh League. An All-India Committee for Cooperation with the Simon Commission was established by the Council of India and by selection of the Viceroy, Lord Irwin. The members of the committee were: C. Sankaran Nair (Chairman), Arthur Froom, Nawab Ali Khan, Shivdev Singh Uberoi, Zulfiqar Ali Khan, Hari Singh Gour, Abdullah Al-Mamun Suhrawardy, Kikabhai Premchand and M. C. Rajah. In Burma (Myanmar), which was included in the terms of reference of the Simon Commission, there", "short_answers": [ "Lord Irwin" ] }
who in germany signed the treaty of versailles	[ "Gustav Bauer", "colonial minister Johannes Bell", "Foreign minister Hermann Müller" ]	[ { "title": "Treaty of Versailles", "text": "In June 1919, the Allies declared that war would resume if the German government did not sign the treaty they had agreed to among themselves. The government headed by Philipp Scheidemann was unable to agree on a common position, and Scheidemann himself resigned ra...	{ "title": "Treaty of Versailles", "long_answer": "In June 1919, the Allies declared that war would resume if the German government did not sign the treaty they had agreed to among themselves. The government headed by Philipp Scheidemann was unable to agree on a common position, and Scheidemann himself resigned rather than agree to sign the treaty. Gustav Bauer, the head of the new government, sent a telegram stating his intention to sign the treaty if certain articles were withdrawn, including Articles 227, 230 and 231. In response, the Allies issued an ultimatum stating that Germany would have to accept the treaty or face an invasion of Allied forces across the Rhine within 24 hours. On 23 June, Bauer capitulated and sent a second telegram with a confirmation that a German delegation would arrive shortly to sign the treaty. On 28 June 1919, the fifth anniversary of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (the immediate impetus for the war), the peace treaty was signed. The treaty had clauses ranging from war crimes, the prohibition on the merging of Austria with Germany without the consent of the League of Nations, freedom of navigation on major European rivers, to the returning of a Koran to the king of Hedjaz.", "chunked_long_answer": "In June 1919, the Allies declared that war would resume if the German government did not sign the treaty they had agreed to among themselves. The government headed by Philipp Scheidemann was unable to agree on a common position, and Scheidemann himself resigned rather than agree to sign the treaty. Gustav Bauer, the head of the new government, sent a telegram stating his intention to sign the treaty if certain articles were withdrawn, including Articles 227, 230 and 231. In response, the Allies issued an ultimatum stating that Germany would have to accept the treaty or face an invasion of", "short_answers": [ "Gustav Bauer" ] }
when did the movie the post begin filming	[ "May 2017", "May 30, 2017" ]	[ { "title": "The Post (film)", "text": "The film began principal photography in New York on May 30, 2017. On June 6, 2017, it was announced that the project, retitled The Papers, would also star Alison Brie, Carrie Coon, David Cross, Bruce Greenwood, Tracy Letts, Bob Odenkirk, Sarah Paulson, Jesse Plemons, ...	{ "title": "The Post (film)", "long_answer": "The film began principal photography in New York on May 30, 2017. On June 6, 2017, it was announced that the project, retitled The Papers, would also star Alison Brie, Carrie Coon, David Cross, Bruce Greenwood, Tracy Letts, Bob Odenkirk, Sarah Paulson, Jesse Plemons, Matthew Rhys, Michael Stuhlbarg, Bradley Whitford, and Zach Woods. On August 25, 2017, the film's title reverted to The Post. Spielberg finished the final cut of the film on November 6, 2017, with the final sound mix also completed along with the musical score a week later, on November 13.", "chunked_long_answer": "The film began principal photography in New York on May 30, 2017. On June 6, 2017, it was announced that the project, retitled The Papers, would also star Alison Brie, Carrie Coon, David Cross, Bruce Greenwood, Tracy Letts, Bob Odenkirk, Sarah Paulson, Jesse Plemons, Matthew Rhys, Michael Stuhlbarg, Bradley Whitford, and Zach Woods. On August 25, 2017, the film's title reverted to The Post. Spielberg finished the final cut of the film on November 6, 2017, with the final sound mix also completed along with the musical score a week later, on November 13.", "short_answers": [ "May 30, 2017" ] }
who starred in an officer and a gentleman	[ "Richard Gere", "David Keith", "Louis Gossett Jr.", "Debra Winger", "Phillip J. Salmon" ]	[ { "title": "An Officer and a Gentleman", "text": "An Officer and a Gentleman is a 1982 American romantic drama film starring Richard Gere, Debra Winger and Louis Gossett Jr., who won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for the film, making him the first African American to do so. It tells the story ...	{ "title": "An Officer and a Gentleman", "long_answer": "An Officer and a Gentleman is a 1982 American romantic drama film starring Richard Gere, Debra Winger and Louis Gossett Jr., who won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for the film, making him the first African American to do so. It tells the story of Zack (Gere), a United States Navy Aviation Officer Candidate who is beginning his training at Aviation Officer Candidate School. While Zack meets his first true girlfriend during his training, a local young woman named Paula (Winger), he also comes into conflict with the hard-driving Marine Corps Gunnery Sergeant (Gossett Jr.), the drill instructor training his class. Also starring Phillip J. Salmon in his first role.", "chunked_long_answer": "An Officer and a Gentleman is a 1982 American romantic drama film starring Richard Gere, Debra Winger and Louis Gossett Jr., who won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for the film, making him the first African American to do so. It tells the story of Zack (Gere), a United States Navy Aviation Officer Candidate who is beginning his training at Aviation Officer Candidate School. While Zack meets his first true girlfriend during his training, a local young woman named Paula (Winger), he also comes into conflict with the hard-driving Marine Corps Gunnery Sergeant (Gossett Jr.), the drill instructor training his class. Also starring Phillip J. Salmon in his first role.", "short_answers": [ "Debra Winger", "Louis Gossett Jr.", "Phillip J. Salmon", "Richard Gere" ] }
what does the msc in msc cruises stand for	[ "Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A.", "Mediterranean Shipping Company" ]	[ { "title": "MSC Cruises", "text": "MSC Cruises is a global cruise line that was founded in Italy, is registered in Switzerland, and has its headquarters in Geneva. MSC Cruises is the world's largest privately owned cruise company, employing 16,300 people worldwide and having offices in 45 countries as of Ju...	{ "title": "MSC Cruises", "long_answer": "MSC Cruises is a global cruise line that was founded in Italy, is registered in Switzerland, and has its headquarters in Geneva. MSC Cruises is the world's largest privately owned cruise company, employing 16,300 people worldwide and having offices in 45 countries as of July 2014. MSC Cruises (Italian: MSC Crociere S.p.A.) is part of the Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A. (MSC), the world's second biggest container shipping operator.", "chunked_long_answer": "MSC Cruises is a global cruise line that was founded in Italy, is registered in Switzerland, and has its headquarters in Geneva. MSC Cruises is the world's largest privately owned cruise company, employing 16,300 people worldwide and having offices in 45 countries as of July 2014. MSC Cruises (Italian: MSC Crociere S.p.A.) is part of the Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A. (MSC), the world's second biggest container shipping operator.", "short_answers": [ "Mediterranean Shipping Company", "Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A." ] }
when does closure of the ductus arteriosus occur	[ "at birth", "birth" ]	[ { "title": "Ductus arteriosus", "text": "In the developing fetus, the ductus arteriosus, also called the ductus Botalli, is a blood vessel connecting the main pulmonary artery to the proximal descending aorta. It allows most of the blood from the right ventricle to bypass the fetus's fluid-filled non-functi...	{ "title": "Ductus arteriosus", "long_answer": "In the developing fetus, the ductus arteriosus, also called the ductus Botalli, is a blood vessel connecting the main pulmonary artery to the proximal descending aorta. It allows most of the blood from the right ventricle to bypass the fetus's fluid-filled non-functioning lungs. Upon closure at birth, it becomes the ligamentum arteriosum. There are two other fetal shunts, the ductus venosus and the foramen ovale.", "chunked_long_answer": "In the developing fetus, the ductus arteriosus, also called the ductus Botalli, is a blood vessel connecting the main pulmonary artery to the proximal descending aorta. It allows most of the blood from the right ventricle to bypass the fetus's fluid-filled non-functioning lungs. Upon closure at birth, it becomes the ligamentum arteriosum. There are two other fetal shunts, the ductus venosus and the foramen ovale.", "short_answers": [ "at birth", "birth" ] }
who is the lead singer of depeche mode	[ "David Gahan" ]	[ { "title": "Dave Gahan", "text": "David Gahan (/ɡɑːn/; born David Callcott; 9 May 1962) is an English singer-songwriter, best known as the baritone lead singer of the electronic band Depeche Mode since their debut in 1980. He is also a successful solo artist, releasing albums in 2003 (Paper Monsters) and 2...	{ "title": "Dave Gahan", "long_answer": "David Gahan (/ɡɑːn/; born David Callcott; 9 May 1962) is an English singer-songwriter, best known as the baritone lead singer of the electronic band Depeche Mode since their debut in 1980. He is also a successful solo artist, releasing albums in 2003 (Paper Monsters) and 2007 (Hourglass).", "chunked_long_answer": "David Gahan (/ɡɑːn/; born David Callcott; 9 May 1962) is an English singer-songwriter, best known as the baritone lead singer of the electronic band Depeche Mode since their debut in 1980. He is also a successful solo artist, releasing albums in 2003 (Paper Monsters) and 2007 (Hourglass).", "short_answers": [ "David Gahan" ] }
what is the process to become a santero	[ "a cleansing ritual", "making Ochá (Saint)" ]	[ { "title": "Santería", "text": "To begin with, the initiator goes through what is called a cleansing ritual. The initiator's Padrino (godfather) cleanses the head with special herbs and water. The Padrino rubs the herbs and water in a specific pattern of movements into the scalp of the head. However, if a p...	{ "title": "Santería", "long_answer": "To become a Santero or Santera (Priest or Priestess of Santería), the initiator must go through an intensive week-long initiation process in which the teaching of the ritual skills and moral behavior occurs informally and nonverbally. To begin with, the initiator goes through what is called a cleansing ritual. The initiator's Padrino (godfather) cleanses the head with special herbs and water. The Padrino rubs the herbs and water in a specific pattern of movements into the scalp of the head. However, if a person is entering Santería for the need of healing, they will undergo the rogación de la cabeza (blessing of the head), in which coconut water and cotton are applied on the head to feed it. Once cleansed, there are four major initiation rituals that the initiator will have to undergo: obtaining the elekes (beaded necklace), receiving Los Guerreros (the Warriors), making Ochá (Saint), and Asiento (ascending the throne).", "chunked_long_answer": "To begin with, the initiator goes through what is called a cleansing ritual. The initiator's Padrino (godfather) cleanses the head with special herbs and water. The Padrino rubs the herbs and water in a specific pattern of movements into the scalp of the head. However, if a person is entering Santería for the need of healing, they will undergo the rogación de la cabeza (blessing of the head), in which coconut water and cotton are applied on the head to feed it. Once cleansed, there are four major initiation rituals that the initiator will have to undergo: obtaining the elekes (beaded necklace), receiving Los Guerreros (the Warriors), making Ochá (Saint), and Asiento (ascending the throne).", "short_answers": [ "a cleansing ritual", "making Ochá (Saint)" ] }
how many countries participated for the first time in the 2014 olympic winter games in sochi	[ "Brazil", "Uzbekistan", "Turkey" ]	[ { "title": "2014 Winter Paralympics", "text": "Brazil, Turkey and Uzbekistan made their Winter Paralympic debut in Sochi, while Hungary and South Africa, who participated in Vancouver, did not send any athletes.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_re...	{ "title": "2014 Winter Paralympics", "long_answer": "Brazil, Turkey and Uzbekistan made their Winter Paralympic debut in Sochi, while Hungary and South Africa, who participated in Vancouver, did not send any athletes.", "chunked_long_answer": "Brazil, Turkey and Uzbekistan made their Winter Paralympic debut in Sochi, while Hungary and South Africa, who participated in Vancouver, did not send any athletes.", "short_answers": [ "Brazil", "Turkey", "Uzbekistan" ] }
how many episodes in series 7 of game of thrones are there	[ "7", "seven" ]	[ { "title": "Game of Thrones (season 7)", "text": "The seventh season of the fantasy drama television series Game of Thrones premiered on HBO on July 16, 2017, and concluded on August 27, 2017. Unlike previous seasons that consisted of ten episodes each, the seventh season consisted of only seven. Like the ...	{ "title": "Game of Thrones (season 7)", "long_answer": "The seventh season of the fantasy drama television series Game of Thrones premiered on HBO on July 16, 2017, and concluded on August 27, 2017. Unlike previous seasons that consisted of ten episodes each, the seventh season consisted of only seven. Like the previous season, it largely consisted of original content not found in George R. R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire series, while also incorporating material Martin revealed to showrunners about the upcoming novels in the series. The series was adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "chunked_long_answer": "The seventh season of the fantasy drama television series Game of Thrones premiered on HBO on July 16, 2017, and concluded on August 27, 2017. Unlike previous seasons that consisted of ten episodes each, the seventh season consisted of only seven. Like the previous season, it largely consisted of original content not found in George R. R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire series, while also incorporating material Martin revealed to showrunners about the upcoming novels in the series. The series was adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "short_answers": [ "seven" ] }
who has the best batting average in test cricket	[ "Australia's Sir Donald Bradman", "Don Bradman", "Sir Donald Bradman" ]	[ { "title": "Batting average", "text": "Career records for batting average are usually subject to a minimum qualification of 20 innings played or completed, in order to exclude batsmen who have not played enough games for their skill to be reliably assessed. Under this qualification, the highest Test batting...	{ "title": "Batting average", "long_answer": "Career records for batting average are usually subject to a minimum qualification of 20 innings played or completed, in order to exclude batsmen who have not played enough games for their skill to be reliably assessed. Under this qualification, the highest Test batting average belongs to Australia's Sir Donald Bradman, with 99.94. Given that a career batting average over 50 is exceptional, and that only five other players have averages over 60, this is an outstanding statistic. The fact that Bradman's average is so far above that of any other cricketer has led several statisticians to argue that, statistically at least, he was the greatest athlete in any sport.", "chunked_long_answer": "Career records for batting average are usually subject to a minimum qualification of 20 innings played or completed, in order to exclude batsmen who have not played enough games for their skill to be reliably assessed. Under this qualification, the highest Test batting average belongs to Australia's Sir Donald Bradman, with 99.94. Given that a career batting average over 50 is exceptional, and that only five other players have averages over 60, this is an outstanding statistic. The fact that Bradman's average is so far above that of any other cricketer has led several statisticians to argue that, statistically at", "short_answers": [ "Australia's Sir Donald Bradman", "Sir Donald Bradman" ] }
where does the last name andersen originate from	[ "Danish", "Norwegian" ]	[ { "title": "Andersen", "text": "Andersen (Danish pronunciation: [ˈɑnɐsn̩]) is a Danish-Norwegian patronymic surname meaning \"son of Anders\" (itself derived from the Greek name \"Ανδρέας/Andreas\", cf. English Andrew). It is the fifth most common surname in Denmark, shared by about 3.2% of the population....	{ "title": "Andersen", "long_answer": "Andersen (Danish pronunciation: [ˈɑnɐsn̩]) is a Danish-Norwegian patronymic surname meaning \"son of Anders\" (itself derived from the Greek name \"Ανδρέας/Andreas\", cf. English Andrew). It is the fifth most common surname in Denmark, shared by about 3.2% of the population.", "chunked_long_answer": "Andersen (Danish pronunciation: [ˈɑnɐsn̩]) is a Danish-Norwegian patronymic surname meaning \"son of Anders\" (itself derived from the Greek name \"Ανδρέας/Andreas\", cf. English Andrew). It is the fifth most common surname in Denmark, shared by about 3.2% of the population.", "short_answers": [ "Danish", "Norwegian" ] }
what is best thing i never had song about	[ "revenge and karma", "karma", "revenge" ]	[ { "title": "Best Thing I Never Had", "text": "A pop and R&B ballad, the subjects of \"Best Thing I Never Had\" are revenge and karma. Not wanting to feel broken-hearted, the female protagonist sings that she feels happy to have left her lover, who did not recognize the potential for a happy life with her. ...	{ "title": "Best Thing I Never Had", "long_answer": "A pop and R&B ballad, the subjects of \"Best Thing I Never Had\" are revenge and karma. Not wanting to feel broken-hearted, the female protagonist sings that she feels happy to have left her lover, who did not recognize the potential for a happy life with her. Some critics viewed it as a sequel to Beyoncé's 2006 single \"Irreplaceable\" as the two songs are thematically similar. However, some lyrics, including \"showed your ass\" and \"sucks to be you right now\", were criticized. The ballad was also likened to Vanessa Carlton's 2002 single \"A Thousand Miles\" (2002).", "chunked_long_answer": "A pop and R&B ballad, the subjects of \"Best Thing I Never Had\" are revenge and karma. Not wanting to feel broken-hearted, the female protagonist sings that she feels happy to have left her lover, who did not recognize the potential for a happy life with her. Some critics viewed it as a sequel to Beyoncé's 2006 single \"Irreplaceable\" as the two songs are thematically similar. However, some lyrics, including \"showed your ass\" and \"sucks to be you right now\", were criticized. The ballad was also likened to Vanessa Carlton's 2002 single \"A Thousand Miles\" (2002).", "short_answers": [ "karma", "revenge", "revenge and karma" ] }
what started the war between us and japan	[ "attack on Pearl Harbor" ]	[ { "title": "United States declaration of war on Japan", "text": "On December 8, 1941, the United States Congress declared war (Public Law 77-328, 55 STAT 795) on the Empire of Japan in response to that country's surprise attack on Pearl Harbor the prior day. It was formulated an hour after the Infamy Speec...	{ "title": "United States declaration of war on Japan", "long_answer": "On December 8, 1941, the United States Congress declared war (Public Law 77-328, 55 STAT 795) on the Empire of Japan in response to that country's surprise attack on Pearl Harbor the prior day. It was formulated an hour after the Infamy Speech of US President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Japan had sent a message for the United States to its embassy in Washington earlier, but because of problems at the embassy in decoding the very long message – the high security level assigned to the declaration meant that only personnel with very high clearances could decode it, which slowed down the process – it was not delivered to the U.S. Secretary of State until after the Pearl Harbor attack. Following the U.S. declaration, Japan's allies, Germany and Italy, declared war on the United States, bringing the United States fully into World War II.", "chunked_long_answer": "On December 8, 1941, the United States Congress declared war (Public Law 77-328, 55 STAT 795) on the Empire of Japan in response to that country's surprise attack on Pearl Harbor the prior day. It was formulated an hour after the Infamy Speech of US President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Japan had sent a message for the United States to its embassy in Washington earlier, but because of problems at the embassy in decoding the very long message – the high security level assigned to the declaration meant that only personnel with very high clearances could decode it, which slowed down", "short_answers": [ "attack on Pearl Harbor" ] }
who were the nationalist in the spanish civil war	[ "the CEDA", "the Falange" ]	[ { "title": "Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)", "text": "The Nationalist faction (Spanish: Bando nacional) or Rebel faction (Spanish: Bando sublevado) was a major faction in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939. It was composed of a variety of political groups that supported the Spanish coup of July ...	{ "title": "Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)", "long_answer": "The Nationalist faction (Spanish: Bando nacional) or Rebel faction (Spanish: Bando sublevado) was a major faction in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939. It was composed of a variety of political groups that supported the Spanish coup of July 1936 against the Second Spanish Republic, including the Falange, the CEDA, and two rival monarchist claimants: the Alfonsists and the Carlists. In 1937, all the groups were merged into the Falange. One of the main leaders (Spanish: Caudillo) of the 1936 coup, General Francisco Franco, would lead this faction throughout the war and later would become the dictator of Spain from 1939 to 1975.", "chunked_long_answer": "The Nationalist faction (Spanish: Bando nacional) or Rebel faction (Spanish: Bando sublevado) was a major faction in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939. It was composed of a variety of political groups that supported the Spanish coup of July 1936 against the Second Spanish Republic, including the Falange, the CEDA, and two rival monarchist claimants: the Alfonsists and the Carlists. In 1937, all the groups were merged into the Falange. One of the main leaders (Spanish: Caudillo) of the 1936 coup, General Francisco Franco, would lead this faction throughout the war and later would become the dictator of", "short_answers": [ "the Falange", "the CEDA", "the Falange" ] }
winner of the women's royal rumble match	[ "Asuka" ]	[ { "title": "Royal Rumble (2018)", "text": "Nine matches were contested at the event, including three on the pre-show. In the main event, Asuka won the first-ever women's Royal Rumble match, which was also the second women's match to main event a WWE pay-per-view, and the first to main event one of WWE's \"B...	{ "title": "Royal Rumble (2018)", "long_answer": "Nine matches were contested at the event, including three on the pre-show. In the main event, Asuka won the first-ever women's Royal Rumble match, which was also the second women's match to main event a WWE pay-per-view, and the first to main event one of WWE's \"Big Four\" pay-per-views. The men's Royal Rumble match was won by Shinsuke Nakamura. Other prominent matches included Brock Lesnar retaining the Universal Championship in a triple threat match against Braun Strowman and Kane, and AJ Styles retained the WWE Championship against Kevin Owens and Sami Zayn in a handicap match. The event was also notable for the surprise appearance of former UFC star Ronda Rousey following the women's match, officially confirming that she had signed full-time with WWE.", "chunked_long_answer": "Nine matches were contested at the event, including three on the pre-show. In the main event, Asuka won the first-ever women's Royal Rumble match, which was also the second women's match to main event a WWE pay-per-view, and the first to main event one of WWE's \"Big Four\" pay-per-views. The men's Royal Rumble match was won by Shinsuke Nakamura. Other prominent matches included Brock Lesnar retaining the Universal Championship in a triple threat match against Braun Strowman and Kane, and AJ Styles retained the WWE Championship against Kevin Owens and Sami Zayn in a handicap match. The event was also", "short_answers": [ "Asuka" ] }
striking the funny bone is actually compression of the	[ "The ulnar nerve", "ulnar nerve" ]	[ { "title": "Ulnar nerve", "text": "This nerve can cause an electric shock-like sensation by striking the medial epicondyle of the humerus from posteriorly, or inferiorly with the elbow flexed. The ulnar nerve is trapped between the bone and the overlying skin at this point. This is commonly referred to as ...	{ "title": "Ulnar nerve", "long_answer": "This nerve can cause an electric shock-like sensation by striking the medial epicondyle of the humerus from posteriorly, or inferiorly with the elbow flexed. The ulnar nerve is trapped between the bone and the overlying skin at this point. This is commonly referred to as bumping one's \"funny bone\". This name is thought to be a pun, based on the sound resemblance between the name of the bone of the upper arm, the \"humerus\" and the word \"humorous\". Alternatively, according to the Oxford English Dictionary it may refer to \"the peculiar sensation experienced when it is struck\".", "chunked_long_answer": "This nerve can cause an electric shock-like sensation by striking the medial epicondyle of the humerus from posteriorly, or inferiorly with the elbow flexed. The ulnar nerve is trapped between the bone and the overlying skin at this point. This is commonly referred to as bumping one's \"funny bone\". This name is thought to be a pun, based on the sound resemblance between the name of the bone of the upper arm, the \"humerus\" and the word \"humorous\". Alternatively, according to the Oxford English Dictionary it may refer to \"the peculiar sensation experienced when it is struck\".", "short_answers": [ "The ulnar nerve", "ulnar nerve" ] }
list of rights protected by the first amendment	[ "the free exercise of religion", "right to peaceably assemble", "freedom of the press", "the freedom of the press", "freedom of speech", "free exercise of religion", "the freedom of speech", "the right to peaceably assemble" ]	[ { "title": "First Amendment to the United States Constitution", "text": "The First Amendment (Amendment I) to the United States Constitution prevents Congress from making any law respecting an establishment of religion, prohibiting the free exercise of religion, or abridging the freedom of speech, the freed...	{ "title": "First Amendment to the United States Constitution", "long_answer": "The First Amendment (Amendment I) to the United States Constitution prevents Congress from making any law respecting an establishment of religion, prohibiting the free exercise of religion, or abridging the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press, the right to peaceably assemble, or to petition for a governmental redress of grievances. It was adopted on December 15, 1791, as one of the ten amendments that constitute the Bill of Rights.", "chunked_long_answer": "The First Amendment (Amendment I) to the United States Constitution prevents Congress from making any law respecting an establishment of religion, prohibiting the free exercise of religion, or abridging the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press, the right to peaceably assemble, or to petition for a governmental redress of grievances. It was adopted on December 15, 1791, as one of the ten amendments that constitute the Bill of Rights.", "short_answers": [ "free exercise of religion", "freedom of speech", "freedom of the press", "right to peaceably assemble", "the free exercise of religion", "the right to peaceably assemble", "the freedom of speech", "the freedom of the press" ] }
what is the name of the main artery which takes blood from the heart to the body	[ "The aorta", "aorta" ]	[ { "title": "Artery", "text": "The aorta is the root systemic artery. In humans, it receives blood directly from the left ventricle of the heart via the aortic valve. As the aorta branches, and these arteries branch in turn, they become successively smaller in diameter, down to the arterioles. The arterioles...	{ "title": "Artery", "long_answer": "The aorta is the root systemic artery. In humans, it receives blood directly from the left ventricle of the heart via the aortic valve. As the aorta branches, and these arteries branch in turn, they become successively smaller in diameter, down to the arterioles. The arterioles supply capillaries, which in turn empty into venules. The very first branches off of the aorta are the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle itself. These are followed by the branches off the aortic arch, namely the brachiocephalic artery, the left common carotid, and the left subclavian arteries.", "chunked_long_answer": "The aorta is the root systemic artery. In humans, it receives blood directly from the left ventricle of the heart via the aortic valve. As the aorta branches, and these arteries branch in turn, they become successively smaller in diameter, down to the arterioles. The arterioles supply capillaries, which in turn empty into venules. The very first branches off of the aorta are the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle itself. These are followed by the branches off the aortic arch, namely the brachiocephalic artery, the left common carotid, and the left subclavian arteries.", "short_answers": [ "The aorta", "aorta" ] }
what percentage of the us population lives below the poverty line	[ "13.5%", "In 2015, 13.5%" ]	[ { "title": "Poverty in the United States", "text": "In 2015, 13.5% (43.1 million) of Americans lived in poverty. Starting in the 1930s, relative poverty rates have consistently exceeded those of other wealthy nations. The lowest poverty rates are found in New Hampshire, Vermont, Minnesota and Nebraska, whi...	{ "title": "Poverty in the United States", "long_answer": "In 2015, 13.5% (43.1 million) of Americans lived in poverty. Starting in the 1930s, relative poverty rates have consistently exceeded those of other wealthy nations. The lowest poverty rates are found in New Hampshire, Vermont, Minnesota and Nebraska, which have between 8.7% and 9.1% of their population living in poverty.", "chunked_long_answer": "In 2015, 13.5% (43.1 million) of Americans lived in poverty. Starting in the 1930s, relative poverty rates have consistently exceeded those of other wealthy nations. The lowest poverty rates are found in New Hampshire, Vermont, Minnesota and Nebraska, which have between 8.7% and 9.1% of their population living in poverty.", "short_answers": [ "13.5%", "In 2015, 13.5%" ] }
animals that are active at dawn and dusk	[ "Crepuscular", "crepuscular", "Crepuscular animals" ]	[ { "title": "Crepuscular", "text": "Crepuscular animals are those that are active primarily during twilight (that is, the periods of dawn and dusk). This is distinguished from diurnal and nocturnal behavior, where an animal is active during the hours of daylight or the hours of darkness, respectively. The te...	{ "title": "Crepuscular", "long_answer": "Crepuscular animals are those that are active primarily during twilight (that is, the periods of dawn and dusk). This is distinguished from diurnal and nocturnal behavior, where an animal is active during the hours of daylight or the hours of darkness, respectively. The term is not precise, however, as some crepuscular animals may also be active on a moonlit night or during an overcast day. The term matutinal is used for animals that are active only before sunrise, and vespertine for those active only after sunset.", "chunked_long_answer": "Crepuscular animals are those that are active primarily during twilight (that is, the periods of dawn and dusk). This is distinguished from diurnal and nocturnal behavior, where an animal is active during the hours of daylight or the hours of darkness, respectively. The term is not precise, however, as some crepuscular animals may also be active on a moonlit night or during an overcast day. The term matutinal is used for animals that are active only before sunrise, and vespertine for those active only after sunset.", "short_answers": [ "Crepuscular", "Crepuscular animals", "crepuscular" ] }
input that tells the computer which task to execute is	[ "source code", "A computer program" ]	[ { "title": "Computer program", "text": "A computer program is usually written by a computer programmer in a programming language. From the program in its human-readable form of source code, a compiler can derive machine code—a form consisting of instructions that the computer can directly execute. Alternat...	{ "title": "Computer program", "long_answer": "A computer program is usually written by a computer programmer in a programming language. From the program in its human-readable form of source code, a compiler can derive machine code—a form consisting of instructions that the computer can directly execute. Alternatively, a computer program may be executed with the aid of an interpreter.", "chunked_long_answer": "A computer program is usually written by a computer programmer in a programming language. From the program in its human-readable form of source code, a compiler can derive machine code—a form consisting of instructions that the computer can directly execute. Alternatively, a computer program may be executed with the aid of an interpreter.", "short_answers": [ "source code" ] }
who did the voiceover in michael jackson's thriller	[ "Vincent Price", "actor Vincent Price" ]	[ { "title": "Thriller (song)", "text": "\"Thriller\" has appeared on multiple greatest hits compilation albums from Jackson, including HIStory (1995), Number Ones (2003), The Essential Michael Jackson (2005) and Michael Jackson's This Is It (2009) and was remixed for the Immortal album in 2011. The song has ...	{ "title": "Thriller (song)", "long_answer": "\"Thriller\" has appeared on multiple greatest hits compilation albums from Jackson, including HIStory (1995), Number Ones (2003), The Essential Michael Jackson (2005) and Michael Jackson's This Is It (2009) and was remixed for the Immortal album in 2011. The song has a voice-over from actor Vincent Price.", "chunked_long_answer": "\"Thriller\" has appeared on multiple greatest hits compilation albums from Jackson, including HIStory (1995), Number Ones (2003), The Essential Michael Jackson (2005) and Michael Jackson's This Is It (2009) and was remixed for the Immortal album in 2011. The song has a voice-over from actor Vincent Price.", "short_answers": [ "Vincent Price", "actor Vincent Price" ] }
what's the name of the last mission impossible movie	[ "Mission: Impossible – Fallout" ]	[ { "title": "Mission: Impossible (film series)", "text": "The series is the 20th-highest-grossing film series of all time, with a worldwide gross of over $2.7 billion to date. A sixth film, titled Mission: Impossible – Fallout is set to be released in July 2018.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, ...	{ "title": "Mission: Impossible (film series)", "long_answer": "The series is the 20th-highest-grossing film series of all time, with a worldwide gross of over $2.7 billion to date. A sixth film, titled Mission: Impossible – Fallout is set to be released in July 2018.", "chunked_long_answer": "The series is the 20th-highest-grossing film series of all time, with a worldwide gross of over $2.7 billion to date. A sixth film, titled Mission: Impossible – Fallout is set to be released in July 2018.", "short_answers": [ "Mission: Impossible – Fallout" ] }
what time is it in alaska time zone	[ "UTC−09:00" ]	[ { "title": "Alaska Time Zone", "text": "The Alaska Time Zone observes standard time by subtracting nine hours from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC−09:00). During daylight saving time its time offset is eight hours (UTC−08:00). The clock time in this zone is based on mean solar time at the 135th meridian we...	{ "title": "Alaska Time Zone", "long_answer": "The Alaska Time Zone observes standard time by subtracting nine hours from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC−09:00). During daylight saving time its time offset is eight hours (UTC−08:00). The clock time in this zone is based on mean solar time at the 135th meridian west of the Greenwich Observatory.", "chunked_long_answer": "The Alaska Time Zone observes standard time by subtracting nine hours from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC−09:00). During daylight saving time its time offset is eight hours (UTC−08:00). The clock time in this zone is based on mean solar time at the 135th meridian west of the Greenwich Observatory.", "short_answers": [ "UTC−09:00" ] }
when did the first fleet arive in australia	[ "18 January 1788", "1788" ]	[ { "title": "Arthur Phillip", "text": "The 11 ships of the First Fleet set sail on 13 May 1787. The leading ship, HMS Supply reached Botany Bay setting up camp on the Kurnell Peninsula, on 18 January 1788. Phillip soon decided that this site, chosen on the recommendation of Sir Joseph Banks, who had accompa...	{ "title": "Arthur Phillip", "long_answer": "The 11 ships of the First Fleet set sail on 13 May 1787. The leading ship, HMS Supply reached Botany Bay setting up camp on the Kurnell Peninsula, on 18 January 1788. Phillip soon decided that this site, chosen on the recommendation of Sir Joseph Banks, who had accompanied James Cook in 1770, was not suitable, since it had poor soil, no secure anchorage and no reliable water source. After some exploration Phillip decided to go on to Port Jackson, and on 26 January the marines and convicts landed at Sydney Cove, which Phillip named after Lord Sydney.", "chunked_long_answer": "The 11 ships of the First Fleet set sail on 13 May 1787. The leading ship, HMS Supply reached Botany Bay setting up camp on the Kurnell Peninsula, on 18 January 1788. Phillip soon decided that this site, chosen on the recommendation of Sir Joseph Banks, who had accompanied James Cook in 1770, was not suitable, since it had poor soil, no secure anchorage and no reliable water source. After some exploration Phillip decided to go on to Port Jackson, and on 26 January the marines and convicts landed at Sydney Cove, which Phillip named after Lord Sydney.", "short_answers": [ "1788", "18 January 1788" ] }
who came up with the idea of the transcontinental railroad	[ "Dr. Hartwell Carver" ]	[ { "title": "First Transcontinental Railroad", "text": "Building a railroad line that connected the United States coast-to-coast was advocated in 1832 when Dr. Hartwell Carver published an article in the New York Courier & Enquirer advocating building a transcontinental railroad from Lake Michigan to Oregon....	{ "title": "First Transcontinental Railroad", "long_answer": "Building a railroad line that connected the United States coast-to-coast was advocated in 1832 when Dr. Hartwell Carver published an article in the New York Courier & Enquirer advocating building a transcontinental railroad from Lake Michigan to Oregon. In 1847 he submitted to the U.S. Congress a \"Proposal for a Charter to Build a Railroad from Lake Michigan to the Pacific Ocean\", seeking a congressional charter to support his idea.", "chunked_long_answer": "Building a railroad line that connected the United States coast-to-coast was advocated in 1832 when Dr. Hartwell Carver published an article in the New York Courier & Enquirer advocating building a transcontinental railroad from Lake Michigan to Oregon. In 1847 he submitted to the U.S. Congress a \"Proposal for a Charter to Build a Railroad from Lake Michigan to the Pacific Ocean\", seeking a congressional charter to support his idea.", "short_answers": [ "Dr. Hartwell Carver" ] }
when are the opening ceremonies for the 2018 olympic games	[ "9 February 2018", "9 February 2018" ]	[ { "title": "2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony", "text": "The opening ceremony of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium in Pyeongchang, South Korea on 9 February 2018. It began at 20:00 KST and finished at approximately 22:20 KST. The Games were officially opened by Presid...	{ "title": "2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony", "long_answer": "The opening ceremony of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium in Pyeongchang, South Korea on 9 February 2018. It began at 20:00 KST and finished at approximately 22:20 KST. The Games were officially opened by President of the Republic of Korea Moon Jae-in.", "chunked_long_answer": "The opening ceremony of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium in Pyeongchang, South Korea on 9 February 2018. It began at 20:00 KST and finished at approximately 22:20 KST. The Games were officially opened by President of the Republic of Korea Moon Jae-in.", "short_answers": [ "9 February 2018" ] }
is the united states a country or nation	[ "country" ]	[ { "title": "United States", "text": "of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America (/əˈmɛrɪkə/), is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles (9.8 million km) and with ov...	{ "title": "United States", "long_answer": "The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America (/əˈmɛrɪkə/), is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles (9.8 million km) and with over 324 million people, the United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest country by total area and the third-most populous. The capital is Washington, D.C., and the largest city by population is New York City. Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east and across the Bering Strait from Russia to the west. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U.S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, stretching across nine official time zones. The extremely diverse geography, climate, and wildlife of the United States make it one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries.", "chunked_long_answer": "of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America (/əˈmɛrɪkə/), is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles (9.8 million km) and with over 324 million people, the United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest country by total area and the third-most populous. The capital is Washington, D.C., and the largest city by population is New York City. Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is", "short_answers": [ "country" ] }